L I B R.A FLY 
 OF THE 
 U N I VER5 ITY 
 or ILLI NOIS 
 
 4Z3 
 I 8 74 
 
Return this book on or before the 
 Latest Date stamped below. 
 
 Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books 
 are reasons for disciplinary action and may 
 result in dismissal from the University. 
 University of Illinois Library 
 
 L161— O-1096 
 
A 
 
 PRIMARY SCHOOL DICTIONARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 
 
 EXPLANATORY, PRONOUNCING, AND SYNONYMOUa 
 
 WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING VARIOUS USEFUL TABLES. 
 
 MAINLY ABRIDGED FROM THE LATEST EDITION OF THE 
 AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF 
 
 NOAH WEBSTER, LL,D., 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM G. WEBSTER 
 
 AND 
 
 WILLIAM A. WHEELER. 
 
 SllusJtratcti toitlj more tijan CThio ?2unUreli GFnstabinfiS on SiSloaU* 
 
 IVISON, BLAKEMAN, TAYLOR & CO. 
 ■ NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 
 
 PHILADELPraA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. CIKCINNATI: WILSON, HINKLE' 
 & CO. SPRINGFIELD, MASS. : G. & C. MEERIAM. 
 
 18 74. 
 
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867, by 
 G. & C. Merriam, 
 the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the District of Massachusetts. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This little volume has been prepared with the design of furnish- 
 ing the younger pupils in our schools with a Dictionary sufficiently 
 full and complete to meet all their ordinary wants, yet smaU in size 
 and of very moderate cost. Miscellaneous readers, however, will 
 find it a convenient and serviceable manual for consultation, espe- 
 cially with respect to the pronunciation and spelling of the common 
 words of our language. The general plan is the same as that of 
 the " Common-School Dictionary," and though less comprehensive 
 in its vocabulary, somewhat less copious in its explanations, and 
 having fewer wood-cuts, it retains the most important and valuable 
 features of that work. It has been brought within the limits it 
 occupies by the omission of many derivatives in er, ish, less, hj, ncss, 
 s:dp, in, out, over, un, under, and the like, inasmuch as most words 
 of this sort present no difficulty of orthography, pronunciation, or 
 interpretation; by occasional retrenchment of definitions and syno- 
 nyms ; by leaving out or slightly abridging several of the Tab es or 
 Vocabularies of the Appendix; and by various typographical and 
 other expedients for saving space. 
 
 The attention of instructors is called to the fact that this work 
 may be advantageously used as a text-book for teaching spelling, 
 the " Rules for Spelling" given in the introduction being unusually 
 complete, and the words in the Vocabulary often having figures 
 ■affixed to them referring to these rules. It will be seen, witho- 
 
 (iii) 
 
iv PEEFACE. 
 
 explana ion, how, by means of these references, pupils can prepare 
 classified lists of examples illustrating the various principles of 
 orthography, and thus construct their own SpeHing-book as it 
 were. ^ 
 
 The Primary Dictionary was originally prepared by Dr 
 TVebster, and was first puWished in 1833. In 1857 it was care- 
 folly revised and much improved by his son, Mr. William G 
 Febster. In these two forms, the work has had a very extensive 
 circulation and popularity, many impressions of it having been 
 printed and distributed. Under the editorial care of Mr. William 
 A. Wheeler, it has now been considerably enlarged and brought 
 m all respects into conformity 'with the new edition of the 
 Quarto Dictionary published in 1864. To the friends of education 
 It IS submitted in the hope that the alterations and improvements 
 which have been made wUI secure for it an increased degree of 
 
 DoKCHESTEK, Mass., September 2d, 1867. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 .... ^ 
 
 KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION vii 
 
 RULES FOR SPELLING 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS 
 
 DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 .... 305 to 315 
 
 MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 316 to 322 
 
 MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES . 323 to 329 
 
 COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES 330 to 333 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS * I,™ CREEK THE LATIN, 
 
 WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC., FROM THE GREEK, , ^^^^^ 
 
 AND MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGES • 
 A CLASSIFIED SELECTION OF PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 v) 
 
KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 A, sij long, as in 
 A, a, short, as in 
 E, e, long, as in 
 E, e, short, as in 
 I, 1, long, as in . 
 I, 1, short f as in . 
 
 VOWELS. 
 
 REGULAR LONG AND SHORT SOUNDS. 
 
 O, o, long, as in 
 
 . Ale, Fate, Gray. 
 . Add, Fat, Random. 
 . Eve, Mete, Seizure. 
 . End, Met, Leopard. 
 . Ice, Fine, Thrive. 
 . lU, Fin, Tribute. 
 
 O, 5, short, as in 
 tJ, u, long, as in . 
 U, u, short, as in 
 ^) y> long, as in . 
 Y, y, short, as in 
 
 . Old, Note, Depose. 
 . Odd, N6t, Torrid. 
 . Tise, Tube, FeudaL 
 . Us, Tub, Study. 
 . Fly, Style, Edify. 
 . Nymph, Lyric. 
 
 A, a, as in Air, Share, Pair. 
 
 A, a, Italian,a8 in . . Arm, Father, Far. 
 A, a, as in .... Ask, Grass, Dance 
 A, a, broad, as in . . All, Talk, Haul. 
 A, a, like short o,as in What, "Wander. 
 
 e, like &, as in . . Ere, There, Heir. 
 5, e, like long a, as in light. Prey, Obey. 
 E, e, asin , . . . Ermine, Verge. 
 
 i, 1, like long e, as in . Pique, Machine. 
 I, I, like e, as in . . . Irksome, Virgin. 
 
 OCCASIONAL SOUNDS. 
 
 O, 6, like short u, as in Other, D6ne, S6u. 
 O, p, like long oo, as in Prove, Dp, Move. 
 9, o, like short 00, as in Bosom, Woman. 
 O, 6, like broad a, as in Order, Form, Stork 
 60, 00, as in ... Moon, Fo~od, Bo~oty. 
 00, do, as in . . . Wool, Fdbt, Gdbd. 
 
 IT, u, preceded by r, as in Rude, Rumor, 
 y, u, like short oo, asin Bull, Put, Push. 
 0, a, as in . . . . Urge, Burn, Ftvl. 
 
 e, i, 0, (Italic) silent, Open, Basin, Mas(ttu 
 
 REGULAR DIPHTHONGAL SOUNDS. 
 
 Oi, oi, or Oy, oy (unmarked), as in Oil, Join, Moist, Oyster. 
 
 Ou, ou, or Ow, ow (unmarked), as m Out, Hound, Owl, Vowel. 
 
 CONSONANTS. 
 
 ^? Qi ^^ft^ like 5 sharp, as 
 •C, -c, hard, like k, as in 
 Ch, ch (unmarked), as 
 Qh, Qh, soft, like 5^, as 
 ■€h, -eh, hard^ like k, as 
 G, g, Aarrf, as in . . 
 
 g» ^oft, likey, as in 
 S, s, sharp (unmarked), 
 §, ^,flat or vocal, like z, 
 
 in 
 
 asin 
 as in 
 
 . Qede, Acgept. 
 ■Gall, -eoncur. 
 Child, Touch. 
 Qhaise. 
 ■€horus, Echo. 
 Get, Tiger. 
 Gem, Engine. 
 Same, Rest. 
 Ha§, Amu§e. 
 
 Th,th,5/m77? (unmarked) asin Thirtieth. 
 Th, th,yiat or vocal, as in . Thither. 
 Ng, ng (unmarked), as in . Singing. 
 
 5, as in Anger, Ink. 
 
 X,x, like§-2;,asin .... Example". 
 Ph,ph,like/(unnarked), asin Seraphic. 
 Qu, qu, like kw (unmarked), as in Quantity. 
 Wh, wh, like hw (umnk'd), as in Awhile . 
 Zh, zh, asin .... Vision (vizh'un). 
 
 frarded as s lent ; as in aim, cKan, ceil, pdonfe/rott f ^u/^oS S «V, L Tl '„ """■Jf* Vf ^ 
 
 (Ti) 
 
ETJLES TOR SPELLING CEETAIN CLASSES Of WOEDS. 
 
 FOUNDED ON THE OKTUOGBAPHY OF DR. WEBSTEU, AS EXHIBITED IN THIS 
 
 VOLUME. 
 
 R 1 The letters / and /, at the end of mon- 1 
 osyllables, and standing immediately after 
 S e ^o^els, are generally doubled : as m 
 Zl\ cliff, doff, puff; all, beU, hiU, toll null 
 The words clef, if, of and sol, are exception . 
 
 & 2 The letter s, at the end of a monosy l- 
 lable, and standing immediately after a smgle 
 vowel, is generally doubled, except when it is 
 used to form the possessive case or plural of a 
 noun, or the third person singular of a verb : 
 as in grass, press, hiss, moss, truss. The only 
 important exceptions are as, gas, has, wai> 
 yes, his, is, thus, and us. 
 
 § 6. In derivatives formed from worda 
 ending in c, by adding a termination begin- 
 ning with e, i, or y, the letter k Is inserted 
 after the c, in order that the latter may not 
 be inaccurately pronounced Uke 5 before tho 
 following vowel : as, colic, colicky ; traffic, 
 trafficked, trafficking, trafficker. 
 
 § 7. In derivatives formed by adding a 
 termination begiuning with a vowel to mono- 
 syllables and words accented on the last syl- 
 lable, when these words end in a single 
 consonant (except x) preceded by a single 
 vowel, that consonant is doubled: as, plan, 
 
 nants that are ever doubled at the end of a 
 word are b, d, g, m, n, p, r, t, and z. ihe 
 following list contains all the important words 
 In which these letters are doubled ; namely, 
 ebb; add, odd, rudd; egg; inn, burnt; err, 
 burr, purr ; mitt, butt ; fizz, fuzz, buzz. 
 
 & 4 A consonant standing at the end ot a 
 word immediately after a diphthong or double 
 vowel is never doubled. The words ad, peat, 
 haul, door, and maim, are examples. 
 
 & 5 Monosyllables ending, as pronounced, 
 with the sound of k, and in which c follows 
 the vowel, have usually k added after the c; 
 as in black, fleck, click, knock, and buck. The 
 words lac, sac, talc, zinc, roc, soc, arc, marc, ore, 
 and flsc, are exceptions. 
 
 Words of more than one syllable, ending in 
 tc or iac, which formerly ended in k, also 
 words derived from the Latin or Greek lan- 
 guages, or from other sources, and similar to 
 these, or formed in an analogous manner, are 
 now 'written without the k : ss, maniac, 
 elegiac, cubic, public. The word derrick is an 
 exception. Words of more than one syllable, 
 in which e is preceded by other vowels than t 
 or ia. commonly end in ck : as, arrack, bar- 
 rack,' hammock, hiUock, wedlock The WQr4s 
 almanac, sandarac, limbec^ xebec, mamoc, and 
 havoc, a 'e exceptions, 
 
 is, ^Ai^, and ^. ^^r^o-\planr^e.d,planning,planner;lwt,houer,h^ 
 Besides/, I, ^nd tbo only c , cabalder ; abet', abetned, 
 
 wit, witty ; cabal/, cabalder ; abet', abet'ted, 
 abet/ting, abet' tor; begin' , begin' ning, begin'- 
 ner; infer', inferred', infr'ring. 
 
 The derivatives of the word gas (except 
 gassing and gassy) are written with but one 
 5 ; as, gaseous, gaseity, gasify. Ez'ceUence, 
 as being from the Latin excellens, retains the 
 double /, though one / has been dropped from 
 the termination of excel'. It is no exception 
 to this rule that chanceUor, and the derivatives 
 of vietal and crystal, as metalloid, metallurgy, 
 crystaUine, crystallize, and the Uke, are writ- 
 ten with the / doubled, since they are de- 
 rived respectively from the Latin canceUarius 
 (through the French), and metaUum, and the 
 Greek ^pvcrroAXos. So also the word tran. 
 quilUty retains the double I as bemg from the 
 Ltin tranquiWitas, while the Enghsh deriva- 
 tives of tranq^l, though often written with 
 two /'5, are more properly written with only 
 one, as tranquilize, tranquilizer, and the like. 
 
 & 8 When a diphthong, or a digraph 
 representing a vowel sound, precedes the fina 
 consonant of a word, or the accent of a word 
 ending in a single consonant falls on any 
 other syllable than the last, or -^hen the word 
 ends in two different consonants, the fanal 
 consonant is not doubled in derivatives formed 
 by the addition of a termination begmmng 
 
 VU 
 
via 
 
 EULES FOR SPELLING. 
 
 with a vowel : as, daub^ daubed, daub'er ; brief, 
 briefer, briefest ; trav'el, trav'eling, trav'eler ; 
 prof 'it, profited; act, act' ed, act' or. 
 
 The final consonant is doubled in the 
 derivatives of a few words ending in ^, xu. 
 order to diminish the liabihty to its being 
 pronounced likej, before e ov i: as kumbw^ 
 humbugged, humbugging ; periwig, periwigged. 
 The word woolen is more genei-ally thus 
 written, in the United States, with one /; but 
 in England it is written woollen. 
 
 Note.— There is a large class of words 
 endmg in a single consonant, and accented on 
 some other syllable than the last, the final 
 consonants of which are, by very many writ- 
 ers doubled in their derivatives, unnecessarily 
 and contrarily to analogy. These words are 
 chiefly those ending in I, with also a few of 
 other terminations. The following list the 
 words in which are chiefly verbs, includes the 
 most important of those in regard to which 
 usage varies, namely, apparel, barrel, bevel, bias, 
 bowel, and its compounds, cancel, carburet (and 
 all similar words ending in uret), cavil, carol 
 channel, chisel, compromit, counsel, cud'^el 
 dial, dishevel, dowel, drivel, duel, empanel 
 enamel, equal, funnel, gambol, gravel, grovel 
 handsel, hatchel, imperil, jewel, kennel, kidnap, 
 label, laurel, level, libel, marshal, marvel, yne.dal 
 metal, model, panel, parallel, parcel, pencil 
 perd pistol, pommel, quarrel, ravel, revel 
 rival, rowel, shovel, shrivel, snivel, tassel, tinsel 
 trammel, travel, tunnel, unravel, vial, victual 
 worship. In this Dictionary, the derivatives 
 of these words are made to conform to the 
 rule, as recommended by Walker, Lowth, 
 Perry, and other eminent scholars. 
 
 § 9. Derivatives formed from words ending 
 Jn a double consonant, by adding one or more 
 syllables, commonly retain both consonants : 
 as, ebb, ebbing; odd, oddly ; stiff, stiffness; 
 skill, skillful, skillfulness ; ivill, willful, wUl- 
 fulhiess ; dull, dullness ; full, fullness. So also 
 the double / is retained in the words install- 
 ment, mtkrallment, thralldom, and enrollment 
 (from install, inthrall, thrall, and enroll), in 
 order to prevent the false pronunciation they 
 might receive if spelled with one /. Many 
 writers, especially in England, omit one / in 
 these words, as also in the derivatives of skill, 
 wdl, dull, and full, formed by adding the 
 syllables ly and ness. 
 
 The derivatives of pontiff ^ve exceptions to 
 the rule, being ^mtten with only one /; as 
 pontific, pontifical, pontifcial, and the like! 
 
 One / also is dropped in a few words formed 
 by adding the termination ly to words ending 
 in II, in order to prevent the concurrence of 
 three Ps : as, dull, dully; full^ fully. 
 
 § 10. Im derivatives formed from words 
 ending with silent e, the e is generally retained 
 when the termination begins with a conso^ 
 nant ; as, pale, paleness ; hate, hateful ; chaste, 
 chastely, chasteness ; move, movement. When, 
 however, the e is immediately preceded by 
 another vowel (except e), it is often dropped 
 from the derivative: as, due, duly; argue 
 argument; true, truly; awe, awful; and the 
 derivatives and compounds of these words. 
 
 The words wholly, nursling, wisdom, abridg- 
 ment, acknowledgment, lodgment, judgment, 
 and the compounds of some of these, are ex- 
 ceptions. The last four, however, are written 
 by many authors, abridgement, acknowledge^ 
 ment, lodgement, judgement. 
 
 § 11. In derivatives formed from words 
 ending with silent e, when the termination 
 begins with a vowel, the e is generally omitted, 
 except in the cases mentioned in the next 
 paragraph : as, bride, bridal; guide, guidance ; 
 plu7ne, plumage; use, usage; grieve, grievance ; 
 come, coming; shape, shaping; move, mov- 
 able ; sale, salable ; fleece, fleecy; force, forci- 
 ble ; true, truism. 
 
 The e is retained in the word hoeing, shoe^ 
 ing, and toeing (from hoe, shoe, and toe), in 
 order to prevent a dov.bt as to the pronuncia- 
 tion, that might arise in case it were omitted 
 It IS retained, also, in the words dijeing, singe- 
 ing, springing, swingeing, tingeing (from dl/e, 
 singe, springe, swinge, tinge), to distinguish 
 them from dying, singing, spnnging, swings 
 ing, tinging (from die, sing, spring, swiiig, 
 ting). The e, standing, in a derivative, before 
 a termination beginning with a or o, and im- 
 mediately after c org, is retained in order to 
 preserve the soft sounds of these consonants- 
 as, peace, peaceable; manage, manageable; 
 outrage, outrageous. 
 
 § 12. In derivatives formed from words 
 ending in ie, by adding the termination ing, 
 the e IS dropped, and the i changed to y in 
 order to prevent two i^s from coming together • 
 as, die, dying; hie, hying; He, lying; tie[ 
 tying; vie, vying. 
 
 § 13. In derivatives of words ending in y 
 preceded by a consonant, and formed by ap^ 
 
KULES FOP. SPELLING. 
 
 IX 
 
 pending any termination except one begimnng 
 Vith i, the y iB usually changed into i, as 
 mercy, merciless,- tidy, tidiness; modify, mod- 
 
 of adjectives of one syllable 
 endin- in y, preceded by a consonant, are ex- 
 cei)tio°is, aid usually retain the y: as, shy, 
 Zness sly, slyest; dry, dryly; si^ry^ryer, 
 T^^t Jy, dryness. But the adjec ives 
 drier and driest, from dry, are commonly writ- 
 ten with i instead of y. Derivatives formed 
 by adding the termination ship, ^^^retary- 
 suretyslup, ladyship, and the hke, also 
 reliin the t The ^vords babyhood and lady- 
 kin are likewise exceptions. 
 
 i ll Derivatives foru.ed by affixing a ter- 
 minatioA to words ending in y, preceded by a 
 vowel, generally retam the y ^^^^^^f^^^,";' 
 gay, gayety, gayly ; sway, swayed , obey, 
 obevins ; buy, buying. 
 
 The words daily, laid, paid, said, saith, slain 
 and staid (from day, lay, pay, say, slay,,^^^ 
 5fay), with their compounds, are exceptions. 
 Staid, however, is sometimes written stay^L 
 
 Derivatives formed by appending a 
 sylUe beginning with a vowel to ^vords end- 
 in- wi^h a vowel sound, generally retain the 
 letter or letters representing such sound ; ^, 
 huzza, huzzaed; agree, agreeable agreeing, 
 echo, echoed; boiv, bowed ; ^^.""'/^""'^"^ 
 
 Derivatives of words of this class ending in 
 silent e, as also those formed from words end- 
 n^ n double e, by adding a termination be- 
 ginning with drop the final . / as, hoe, hoed 
 fwe, oled; Me, freer, freest; agree^^ <^ued^ 
 The cases mentioned in sections 11, 12, and 1^ 
 are also exceptions. 
 
 & 16 Derivatives formed by prefixing one 
 or more syllables to words ending in a double 
 conrnant commonly retain both consonan s : 
 T befall, inthrall, disinthrall, foreteU, under- 
 sell fulfili, enroll, emboss (from fall, thrall, tell, 
 
 ^^^if;::!^S\sanexception,bein^ 
 witten with one L The words disti l and m- 
 7ill should be written with 
 though they are often written distil and instil, 
 
 "tlt'«und words formed by joining 
 two or more words commonly retain all the 
 etters of the simple words: as stiff-ne^ked 
 well-bred, dull-eyed, save-all, wide-mouthed. 
 
 There are numerous exceptions to this rule, 
 many of them compounds which by lo^g ^« 
 have acquired the force of single words. They 
 are the following : namely, some compounds 
 of all and icell ; as, almigluy, almost, alone, 
 already, also, although, altogether always 
 withal, therewithcd, wherewithal, welcome wel- 
 fare --compounds of mass; as, Candlemas, 
 Christmas, Lammas, Micliaelmas, &c. ; — 
 words of which the second part is the adjective 
 full; as, artful, hateful, rueful woejul ; 
 also the words chiiblain, fulfill, namesake 
 neckerchief, numskull, pastime, standtsh, and 
 whm^. ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ regularly ends 
 in s or,'in certain classes of words, in es. 
 
 When the noun in the singular ends with 
 such a sound that the sound of 5 can unito 
 with it, and be pronounced without formmg 
 a separate syllable, s only is added in forming 
 the plural : as, sea, seas; tree, trees ; canto, 
 cantos; claw, dates; cab, cabs; bead, beads; 
 chief chiefs; lock, locks; bell, bells; cup, cups; 
 act, acts. A few plunils from nouns endmg 
 in 0 preceded by a consonant, end in ; as, 
 uho, echoes; cargo, cargoes; embargo, errdmr- 
 iroes; motto, mottoes; potato, potatoes. Other 
 nouns of this class generally form their pluraU 
 re-ularly, though us^xge differs with re-ard to 
 some of them. Those in which final o is pre- 
 ceded by a vowel form their plurals regularly. 
 AVith regard to nouns ending in i, usage dit- 
 fers, though they are more properly written 
 with the termination is. 
 
 When the noun in the singular ends with 
 such a sound (as that of ch, sh,j, s, x, or z) 
 that the sound of 5 can not unite with it m 
 pronunciation, but must form a separate syl- 
 lable e is inserted before s in forming the 
 plural, unless the word ends with silent e, in 
 which case the latter serves to form a separate 
 syllable with s, as, church, churches ; rush, 
 rushes; age, ages; lace, laces ; gas, gases; case, 
 cases ; loss, losses ; box, boxes ; maze, mazes. 
 
 To express the plural of a letter, figure, or 
 any character or sign, or of a word mentioned 
 without regard to its meaning, the letter s, 
 generally preceded by the ap«etrophe, is ap- 
 pended, as in the phrases, "The two Vs in 
 cdl ; " the two O^s in 400 ; " " The wh^j s and 
 wherefore's of the question." 
 
 ^ 19. Nouns enduig in y preceded by a 
 
consonant form their plunil by adding es and 
 
 lad es, sky, sines; army, armies; pity pMes 
 Th.3 rule includes word, ending fn ?a 
 
 a consonant : coUo,,uy, collo^'uUs. The 
 plural of proper nouns ending in% preceded 
 by a consonant, is formed by changing 2/ Int^ 
 2 to the rule: as, "^he't^re^ 
 
 I When the singular of a noun ends in y pre- 
 ■oft? by a vowel (except u having the power 
 r '„ ^ f regularly formed by adding 
 f only: as, day, days; key, keys; moneu 
 ^moneys; alloy, alloys; guy, guys. 
 j § 20. The plurals of a few nouns endine 
 ^ fi^y- T" "'"e^'^^^y fo^ed by changing 
 for/e into ves. The following words, tith 
 their compounds, are the principal example 
 mmely, l,fe, li.es ; skeaf, sheaJs ; calf, caTs ■ 
 ^ seh-es ; wolf, v^olves. The plural of stafT 
 sometmies written staffs, but more com- 
 mon^ staves, except when it means a co" ps 
 
 tT^T'^ "'"^'•^''^ - 
 
 sc^se It is always written staffs. The plural 
 of u,harf is generally written L S 
 
 moult 'h ''^'^^ " ^ol 
 
 monly, but improperly, written wharves. 
 
 u 1-5 • u""* '•'""Wing nouns, the plural 
 IS distinguished from the singukr only by a 
 change of the vowel or vowel sound of Ihe 
 
 eooe, geese; foot, feet; tootk, teeth; brother 
 t^ h WorS 
 comlTd, '? ^^"^""^ -a«,andareno 
 compounds, form their plurals regularly by 
 
 Mas. 
 
 aJ/,^^; ^ P'""^'' in namely 
 
 S J3. Ihe words brother, die. „a and 
 
 'nniSfdir* J™ <"fferS'forms 
 and with different significations : as, brot^rs 
 
 be*of theT ^"""^ P^^-*- 
 
 bera of the same society, association, class or 
 profession; brMrert, members of he same 
 religious or ecclesiastical body, the word 1 
 this form being rarely used except in ZwiZ 
 :Writmgs, or in scriptural language, wherHt 
 lalso has the same meaning thaf brXZln 
 
 RULES FOR SPELLING. 
 
 I ^"-^ ^''".e'^e^ ; dies, implements for mak- 
 
 sciews also the cubical parts of pedestal • 
 \'iice, the cubical blocks used in S^ft' 
 
 the coins, especially when a definite ZZll 
 ..en^^^^^^ 
 
 -the singular; as, aeer, skeep, . J.f^nd th" 
 
 § 25. Many words adopted from foreign 
 
 datum, data; genus, genera; larva, larvm- 
 cris^, cnses; focus, foci; monsieur, meZlurs 
 Many words of this class, whil^ ret^ nW 
 the original plurals, have also a ^cond 
 formed after the analogy of English words of 
 similar termination : as, formula, fZmtl or 
 formulas; beau, beaux or beau f inTx iZ 
 dues ov mdexes; stratum, strata or stratunl^^ 
 
 cherubs , seraphim or ^em^A^. Ti^^ 
 
 plurals of the last two words are Sometimes 
 incorrectly written cneruMms and serapt^! 
 with double plural terminations ' 
 
 iJ af^: ""''^i'n ^o^^Pounds consist- 
 ing of a noun followed by an adjective or 
 other qualifying expression, the plui^l rcom! 
 monly formed by making the same change in 
 the noun as when it stands alone; as, fouZ 
 mamal, courts.nartial ; cousin.german, col 
 ins-german; son.in4aw, sons-in-law. When 
 howeyer, the adjective is so closely joined te 
 ttie noun that the compound has the force of 
 a simple word, the plural of the compound is 
 commonly formed Uke that of any other word 
 of the same termination : as, cupful, cupfuls ; 
 handful, hand fuls. ^ ' 
 
 § 27. There are many words, besides those 
 mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, in 
 respect to which usage, even that of the best 
 authors, is variable. The most unportant of 
 these words are mentioned in this and the 
 succeeding sections. 
 
 The derivatives of the word viUain, as 
 villamous, villainy, &c., though often writ- 
 ten vUlanous, ^nllany, 8co., properly retain 
 the I, like those of other words similarly 
 
RULES FOR SPELLING. 
 
 ending in ain : m, mountainous, from moun- 
 
 The words connection., deflection, inflection, 
 and ref ection, follow the spelling of the words 
 connect, deflect, inflect, and reflect, though often 
 written, especially in England, connexion, de- 
 jitcdon, inflexion, and reflexion. 
 
 The word woe, though often written without 
 the final e, should retain it, like most other 
 nouns of one syllable and of shnilar form : as, 
 doe, floe, foe, hoe, sloe, toe, and the like. 
 Monosyllables other than nouns, and words 
 of more than one syllable, having a similar 
 termination, omit the e : as, do, go, no, so, 
 canto, motto, potato. 
 
 The words defense, expense, offense, andpr^- 
 tense, are properly written thus, though often 
 spelled with c instead of s ; for the s belongs 
 to the words from which they are derived, 
 and is also used in all their derivatives. 
 
 The words drought and height were formerly 
 written drouth and hight, and are still very 
 often thus written in America. 
 
 The verb practice is thus written like the 
 noun, in preference to the form practise, 
 though the latter spelling is used by many 
 writers, especially in England. The diCference 
 in spelling between the noun and the verb is 
 properly observed, in words of this kind only 
 in such as are accented on the last syllable, 
 as device, devise. 
 
 § 28 There is a class of words beginning 
 with en or in — as, enclose or inclose, enquire, 
 or inquire, ensure, or insure, and the like — 
 many of which take either form of the prefix 
 indifferently. They are chiefly derived from 
 the Latin, either directly or through the 
 French, the prefix in belonging to the former 
 language, and en to the latter. In some of 
 these words, en is to be preft-ed ; in others, 
 in ; in many of them, either may be used in- 
 differently. See the different words of this 
 class in the Dictionary. 
 
 ff 29. There is a class of words ending in 
 €r, someof which are written by most authors 
 with the termination re — as, center, meter, 
 theater, &c. — which are often written centre, 
 metre, theatre, &c. Acre, chancre, lucre, nacre, 
 massacre, and ogre, retain the termination re, 
 in order to preserve the hard sound of the 
 c and g. * ^ • 1 
 
 § 30. There are two classes of chemical 
 
 words ending respectively, as more commonly 
 written, in ide and ine, in regard to which 
 usage has been variable. Most of them were 
 formerly written without the final e, but it iS 
 now the almost universal practice to retain it : 
 as, bromide, chloride, chlorine, fluorine, and the 
 Uke. The word tannin is always written with- 
 out the final e. Oxide is now generally writ- 
 ten with the termination ide, though formeriy 
 by many written oxyd, from the supposition 
 that the y of the last syllable represented the 
 V of the Greek o^vg, from which the word is 
 derived ; whereas the last syllable is simply 
 the same as the termination of the words 
 bromide, sulphide, and the like. 
 
 § 31 There is a class of words ending, aa 
 pronounced, with the sound of long i, fol- 
 lowed by z, some of which are differently 
 written, by different authors, with either ise 
 ovize to represent this sound: as, criticize, 
 or criticise ; civilize, or civilise ; naturalize or 
 naturalise; patronize or patronise. These 
 words are mostly verbs, and are chiefly de- 
 rived from Greek words ending in i^to, or 
 from French words ending in iser or ise. 
 There are a few from other sources, but formed 
 in analogy with those derived from these 
 languages. Those formed from Greek words 
 have the termination ize: as, anathematiz^:^, 
 characterize, dramatize, tantalize. The words 
 catechise and exorcise are exceptions. Those 
 formed in an analogous manner from English 
 words are likewise written with ize : as, albu- 
 men'ize, bastardize, memorize, sensitize. Those 
 derived from the French verb prendre (par- 
 ticiple pris, or prise) end in ise: as, apprise, 
 comprise, emprise, enterprise, surprise. Of 
 those formed from French words other than 
 prendre, or which have corresponding fomis 
 in the French, a majority end in ize, though 
 in respect to some of them usage is variable. 
 The following are the principal English verbs 
 ending in 2se : namely, advertise, advise, 
 afranchise, apprise, catechise, chastise, circum- 
 cise, Comprise, compromise, criticise, dernise, 
 despise, devise, disenfranchise, disfranchise, 
 disguise, divertise, emprise, enfranchise, enter- 
 prise, exercise, franchise, manvmise, misprise, 
 preynise, reprise, revise, supervise, surmise, sur- 
 prise. It may be remarked that most of those 
 in respect to which usage varies are more 
 frequently written in England with the ter^ 
 
XII 
 
 KULES FOE SPELLING. 
 
 minatioa ise, and in the United States with 
 the termination ize. 
 
 § 32. Tiie words mold and molt, and their 
 compounds and derivatives, are written in 
 this Dictionary with o instead of ow, in anal- 
 ogy with the words bold, bolt, colt, gold, &c., 
 from which the u has been dropped. Most 
 authors, however, write these words mould and 
 mouU^ and their derivatives in like maimer. 
 
 § 33. There is a numerous class of words 
 almost universally written, in the United 
 Stiites, with the termination or, many of 
 which are written, in England, with the ter- 
 mination our: as candor, favor, honor, labor, 
 rumor, vigor. English usage, however, is not 
 uniform with respect to these words, many 
 of them bemg written with or in English 
 books. ^ 
 
 ABBEEVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK. 
 
 a. adjective. 
 adv. adverb. 
 Amer. America. 
 colloq. colloquially. 
 compar. comparative. 
 conj. conjunction. 
 Bng. England, English. 
 e^p. especially. 
 /. feminine. 
 
 Gram. Grammar. 
 
 imp. imperfect. 
 
 interj. interjection. 
 
 m. masculine. 
 
 Mas. Music. 
 
 iu noun. 
 
 obs. obsolete. 
 
 p. a. participial adjective 
 
 pi. plural. 
 
 p.p. participle past. 
 
 p.pr. participle present. 
 
 prep, preposition. 
 
 pron. pronoun; pronounced. 
 
 ^mg. singular. 
 
 Syn. Synonyms. 
 
 V. verb. 
 
 verb intransitive. 
 V. t. verb transitive. 
 
 ^ltl^:riT^i;Z^ SSSshf °f = ■^•^•J P"-""?- 'hdr constit„e„f, part. 
 
 It ea.y to understand the notation by which the pronuSn of eve;;'w^rd'&*^a". 
 spoYul^'^.e^SS^rr Ers-'f^^^^^ ^ ^-"ulary refer to oorre- 
 
DICTIONAEY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 A called the indefinite ar- 
 ticle, used before words 
 beginning with the sound 
 of a consonant ; any : one. 
 A-b3,ck', adv. Backward. 
 Ab'a-eus. n. 
 
 forming arithmetical calcu 
 lations. [stern; astern. 
 A-baft', arfv. Toward the 
 Ab-al'ien-ate (-yen-), v. t. 
 
 To transfer the title of. 
 A-ban'don, v. t. To forsake 
 
 wholly ; to renounce. 
 A-b&n'doned, «• Oiven up 
 entirely; very wicked. -- 
 Syn. Forsaken; profligate; 
 depraved ; reprobate. 
 A-ban'don-ment, w. Entire 
 desertion ; a final giving ! 
 yp [to humble. 
 
 A-bise',v. <• To bring loNV ; 
 A-base'ment (10), n. State 
 of being brought low ; hu- 
 miliation; degradation. 
 A-bash% r. To make 
 
 ashamed ; to confuse. 
 A-bat'a-ble (11), «• Capable 
 
 of being abated. 
 A-bate', t'. To lessen ; to 
 diminish in price, —r. i. io 
 grow less ; to decrease. 
 A-bate'ment, n. Decrease. 
 Ab'a-tlS, n. Branches of 
 trees turned outward tor 
 defense. [superior. 
 Ab'ba, n. Father ; religious 
 
 Ab'bess, n. Governess of a 
 
 A monastery or convent. 
 Ab'bot, n. Head of a society 
 of monks; chief of an abbey. 
 Ab-bre'vi-ate,t'.f. To short- 
 en ; to abridge; to contract 
 1 Ab-bre/vi-a'tion, n. Act ot 
 I shortening; contraction. 
 Ab-bre'vi-a'tor, n. One who 
 
 abbreviates or shortens. 
 Ab'di-€ate, V. t. To ve\m 
 quish; to resign. -- r. ^. io 
 give up an oflice. [dicating. 
 Ab^di-ca'tion, n. Act of ab- 
 Ab-do'men,^. The belly, or 
 
 upper part of the belly. ^ 
 Ab'd6m'i-nal,a. Pertaimng 
 
 to the abdomen. 
 Ab-du€t' V. t. To kidnap. 
 Ab-du€'tion, n. Act ot car- 
 rying away. 
 A/be-ge-da'ri-an n. a 
 
 ABOMINABLE 
 
 Ab-h6r'rent, a. Tnconsist. 
 
 ent : detesting ; odious. 
 A-bide', V- or t. [imp. & 
 p.p. ABODE.] Tostayor 
 dwell in a place; to wait for. 
 A-bil'i-ty, «• Vower ; means ; 
 
 skill ; {rd-) mental powers. 
 Ab'je€t, a. Mean ; worth- 
 less ; base; despicable. 
 Ab'je€t-ness, n. Meanness 
 of spirit : baseness. ^ 
 Ap'ju-raaion, n. Act of ab- 
 juring. 
 
 Ab-jure', v. t. To renounce 
 
 upon oath ; to retract. 
 Ab'la-tive,a. Denoting what 
 takes away. [ec; cap-able. 
 A'bie (u/bl), a. Having pow- 
 A'bie-b6d'ied, a. Having 
 strength of body. [ing. 
 Ab-lu'tion, n. Actofwash- 
 A'bly, adv. With ability, 
 i Ab'ne-ga'tion,n. Self-denial. 
 Ab-nor'mal, a. Irregular. 
 
 /be-Qe-da'ri-an, n. a ^?■"'i^";^^"^^^,V■ On board ; in' 
 ^et' ' 1^ \ boat.-pr.^. On 
 
 board of. 
 A-bode', n. Place of resi- 
 (j^.nce. — SYN. Dwelling; 
 habitation; domicile. — v., 
 imp. andp.p- of Abide. 
 .t)/er-ra'uoii, n. — ; - l A.-hsVish r. t. To repeal; 
 wandering from the "S^M ^ to make void ; to annul. 
 
 Ab'o-li'tion (-ITsh/un), n. 
 The act of abolishing. 
 
 A-bed', adv. In bed ; on the 
 Ab-er 'range, n. A straying 
 
 from the right way. _ 
 Ab-er'rant, rt. Wandering. 
 Ab/er-ra'tion- n. Act oi 
 
 t. To encourage ; 
 
 way 
 A-bSt', I 
 
 to help. , , , 
 
 A-bet'tor,n. One who abets. 
 A-bey'ange, n. A state oi 
 dispense 
 
 privileges of an abbot. ^ 1 n. Extreme 
 
 Ab/o-liaion-igm (-hsh'un-), 
 n. Principles or measures 
 of abolitionists. 
 Ab'o-li'tion-ist (-lish/un-), 
 n. One who favors aboli- 
 tionism. _ [able. 
 A-bom'i-na-ble, a. Detesca- 
 
 a,e,i, o, u, .> , . "I - v\ ' 
 80n,6r, do.wglf, to-o,took; 
 
ABOMINATE 
 
 A-b6m'i-nate, v. t. To hate 
 
 utterly ; to abhor. 
 A-b6m^i-naaion, 71. Great 
 
 hatred; object of hatred. 
 Ab/Q-rig'i-nal, a. First, or 
 primitive. — n. Original in- 
 habitant. 
 Ab/o-rig'i-ne§, n.pl. First 
 
 inhabitants of a country. 
 A-boraion, n. An intentional 
 
 14 
 
 ACCENT 
 
 miscarriage. 
 A-bor'tive, a. Unsuccessful; 
 untimely ; premature. 
 , A-bound', z. To be in great 
 plenty. 
 
 A-bout', prep. Round; on 
 every side of; near to ; con- 
 cerning. — adv. Around ; 
 here and there ; every way. 
 A-b6ve'(a-buv/), p-^'/). High- 
 er than ; more than. — adv. 
 In a higher place. 
 A-brade', v. t. To rub off; 
 
 to grate. [off. 
 A-bra'sion, n. A rubbing 
 A-breast', adv. Side by side. 
 A-bridge', v. t. To make 
 shorter ; to contract ; to cut 
 short ; to abbreviate. 
 A-bridg'ment (10), n. A 
 work abridged ; a summary ; 
 epitome ; compendium. 
 A-broach', adv. In a pos- 
 ture to let out liquor. 
 A-broad' (a-brawdO, adv. A' 
 large ; out of doors ; in an- 
 other country. 
 Ab'ro-gate, v. t. To repeal ; 
 
 to annul. [pealing. 
 AVro-ga'tion, n. Act of re- 
 Ab-rupt', a. Sudden ; broken. 
 Ab-rup'tion, w. Violent sep- 
 aration of bodies. 
 Ab-rupt'ness, n. An abrupt 
 ^manner; suddenness. 
 Ab^sgess, n. A tumor filled 
 
 with purulent matter. 
 Ab-sgmd', v. t. To cut off. 
 AD-sgis'§ion (-sizh^un), n. 
 Act of cutting off; removal ; 
 separation. 
 Ab-S€6nd', v. i. To secrete 
 
 one's self ; to hide. 
 Ab s-e6nd'er, n. One who 
 absconds. [absent. 
 Ab'senge , n . State of being 
 Ab'sent, a. Not present ; in- 
 attentive. 
 
 Ab-sent', v. t. To keep away. 
 Ab^sen-tee', I n. One who 
 Ab-sent'er, j absents him 
 self. 
 
 Ab'so-lute, a. Not limited ; 
 unconditional ; complete ; 
 arbitrary ; despotic ; posi- 
 tive ; peremptory. 
 Ab'so-lute-ly, adv. Post 
 ^ tively ; arbitrarily. 
 Ab'so-lute-ness, n. Com- 
 ^ pleteness ; arbitrary power. 
 Ab^so-lu'tion, n. Act of ab- 
 ^ solving; forgiveness. 
 Ab'so-lu^tigm, n. Principles 
 
 of absolute government. 
 Ab-solve' (-zolv/), V. t. To 
 
 free from ; to pardon. 
 Ab-s6rb', v. t. To suck up ; 
 
 to imbibe. 
 Ab-s6rb'ent, n. A substance 
 that absorbs. — a. Sucking 
 or drying up ; imbibing. 
 Ab-sorpaiOn, n. Act of ab- 
 sorbing ; sucking up. 
 Ab-sorp'tive, a. Having 
 power to absorb, [forbear. 
 Ab-stain', v. i. To refrain ; to 
 Ab-ste'mi-ous, a. Temper- 
 ate in diet ; abstinent. 
 Ab-ste'mi-ous-ly, ac^t;. Tem- 
 perately. 
 Ab-ste/mi-ous-ness, n. A 
 
 sparing use of food, &c. 
 Ab-sterge', v. t. To cleanse 
 
 by wiping ; to purify. 
 Ab-ster'gent, a. Having a 
 
 cleansing quality. 
 Ab-ster'sion, n. The act of 
 cleansing. [cleanse. 
 Ab-ster'sive, a. Serving to 
 Ab'sti-nenge, n. A refrain- 
 ing from food, or from any 
 ^ action. [abstinence. 
 Ab'sti-nent, a. Practicing 
 Ab-stract', v. t. To draw 
 from ; to separate ; to re 
 move ; to purloin. 
 Ab'stra-et, a. Separate; ex- 
 isting in the mind only ; 
 abstruse ; difficult. — n. 
 An abridsrment or epitome. 
 Ab-stra-eaion, n. Act of ab- 
 stracting ; separation ; ab- 
 sence of mind. 
 Ab-stra-et'ive, a. Having 
 ^ the power of abstracting. 
 Ab'Stra-ct-ly, adv. By itself. 
 
 Ab-struse', a. Difficult to 
 
 be understood ; obscure. 
 Ab-struse'ly, adv. Ob- 
 scurely. 
 Ab-sfird', a. Contrary to 
 reason or to manifest truth. 
 — Syn. Foolish; irration- 
 al ; ridiculous. 
 Ab-surd'i-ty, n. The qual- 
 Ab-surd'ness, j ity of be- 
 ing absurd. 
 A-bun'dange, n. Great 
 
 plenty ; exuberance. 
 A-bun'dant, a. Very plenti- 
 ful ; ample ; exuberant. 
 A-buse' (-bQzO, v. t. To 
 treat or use ill. [thing. 
 A-buse', n. HI use of any 
 A-bu'sive, a. Marked by 
 abuse. — Syn. Reproach- 
 ful ; injurious ; opprobrious. 
 A-but', V. i. To end or bor- 
 der upon. 
 A-but'ment, n. That which 
 borders upon or adjoins; 
 the solid part of a bridge 
 next the land. 
 A-but'tal, n. The butting or 
 boundary of land. [gulf. 
 A-byss% n. A bottomless 
 A^/a-de'mi-an, ) n. A 
 A€/a-dem'i€, f mem- 
 A-e^a-de-mi'cian, ( berof 
 A-cad'e-mist, ) an a- ' 
 cademy ; an academic phi- 
 losopher. 
 A-e^a-dem'io, ) a. Pertain- 
 A€^a-dein'i€-al, J ing to an 
 
 academy. 
 A-ead'e-ray, n. A school of 
 arts and sciences ; a school 
 holding a place interme- 
 diate between the common 
 school and the college. 
 A€-gede', v. i. To be added 
 
 to ; to assent ; to agree. 
 A-e-gel'er-ate, v. t. To has- 
 ten the motion of; to 
 quicken. 
 A-e-geFer-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 hastening. 
 A-e-geKer-a-tive, a. Increas- 
 ^ ing the speed. 
 A-e'gent, n. Modulation of 
 voice ; superior stress of 
 voice on a syllable ; a mark 
 to regulate pronunciation, 
 distinguish magnitudes, &c. 
 
 S, e, T, 6, u, y, long; a, e, 1, 6, «, short; care, car, ask, all. wh^t ; ere, vgU. t5rm ; pique, iirm; 
 
ACCENT 
 
 15 
 
 ACCUSANT 
 
 A-C-QSnt', V. t. To express or 
 note the accent, [accent. 
 A€-g6nt'u-al, a. Relating to 
 A€-Qent'u-ate, v. t. To 
 mark or pronounce with an 
 accent. 
 
 Ac-Q6nt/u-a'tion, n. Mode 
 of uttering or marking ac- 
 cents. 
 
 Ac-QCpt', V. t. To receive ; 
 to admit ; to subscribe, and 
 become liable for. 
 
 A€-gept'a-ble, a. Likely to 
 be accepted ; agreeable ; 
 welcome ; pleasing. 
 
 A-c-g^pVa-bil'i-ty, ) n. 
 
 A<;-Qept'a-ble-ness, ) Qual- 
 ity of being acceptable. 
 
 A€-Qept'a-bly, adv. Agree- 
 ably. 
 
 A-e-Qept'ange, n. Reception 
 with approbation ; a bill 
 accepted. 
 
 A-e^gep-ta'tion, n. Accept- 
 ance ; the commonly re- 
 ceived meaning of a word. 
 
 Ac-gept'er, nr One who ac- 
 cepts. 
 
 Ac-gess', or Ac'gess, n. Ap- 
 proach ; admission ; in- 
 crease ; augmentation. 
 
 A€-g6s'sa-ry, a. Additional ; 
 acce^ng. — n. One who ac- 
 cedes\ to an offense. 
 
 A-e-gesb'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being approached. 
 
 A-c-ges'sion (-sesh'^un), n. 
 The j|,ct of acceding to ; addi- 
 tion ;j increase. 
 
 A-e/ges-so'ri-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing tp an accessory. 
 
 A-e-ge^'so-ry, n. One who 
 help^ to commit a crime ; an 
 accorhplice. — a. Contribut- 
 ingj hiding. [ry grammar. 
 
 A-C'gi-denge, n. An elementa- 
 
 A^'gi-dent, n. An unfore- 
 seen or unexpected event ; 
 chance ; casualty ; contin- 
 gency.^ 
 
 A-e^gi-dent'al, a. Happening 
 by chance ; not essential. — 
 Syn. Casual; fortuitous. 
 
 A-e^gi-dgnfal-ly, adv. By 
 accident. 
 
 A-e-elaim', ) n. A shout 
 
 A^'-ela-ma'tion, j of ap- 
 
 ! A-e-€l3,m'a-to-ry, a. Ex- 
 
 pressing joy or applause. 
 A-c-€irmate, v. t. To habit- 
 uate to a climate not native. 
 A^'-eli-ma'tion, n. Process 
 or state of being acclhnated. 
 A€-eliv'i-ty, n. Ascending 
 
 slope or inclination. 
 A-e-€6m'mo-date, v. t. To 
 supply with conveniences ; 
 to adapt ; to suit ; to adjust. 
 A^-edm'mo-da^ting, a. Dis- 
 posed to oblige ; kind. 
 A€-e6m/mo-da'tion, n. Pro- 
 vision of conveniences ; fit- 
 ness ; reconciliation ; — {pi.) 
 conveniences. 
 A€-c6m'pa-ni-ment (13), n. 
 That which accompanies, or 
 is added as ornament. 
 A-e-eom'pa-nist, n. The per- 
 former m music who takes 
 the accompanying part. 
 A€-e6m'pa-ny (-kQm/-), v. t. 
 
 To go or be with : to attend. 
 A€-e6m'plige, n. An associ- 
 ate in a crime ; an accessary. 
 A€-c6m'plish, v. t. To fin- 
 ish entirely ; to bring to 
 pass.— Syn. To execute; 
 effect; fulfill. 
 A-c-edm'plished (-pllsht), p. 
 a. i'inished ; completed ; re- 
 fined. 
 
 A€-e6m'plish-ment, n. A 
 completion ; an acquire- 
 ment which adds grace. 
 A-c-€ompt'ant (-kount'-), n. 
 
 See Accountant. 
 A<;-e6rd', n. Agreement ; 
 concurrence ; consent; un- 
 ion. — V. i. To agree ; to 
 harmonize. 
 A-e-eord'ange, n. Agree- 
 ment; harmony. 
 A€-€6rd'ant, n. Correspond- 
 ing; agreeing ; consonant ; 
 agreeable. [ance with. 
 
 A-e-eord'ing tp. In accord- 
 A€-e6rd'ing-ly, adv. Agreea- 
 bly ; suitably ; consequently. 
 A-e-eor'di-on, n. A small 
 
 musical instrument. 
 A-e-eost', ^^ t. To speak 
 
 first to ; to address. 
 A€-e6st'a-ble, a. Easy of 
 
 access ; affable ; familiar. 
 A€-eount', v. t. To reckon ; 
 
 to compute ; to esteem ; to 
 assign the causes of — n. 
 Computation ; estimation ; 
 regard ; explanation ; nar- 
 ration. 
 
 A-c-eo^nt^a-biPi-ty, w. Lia- 
 bility to give account. 
 
 A€-e6unt'a-ble, a. Liable 
 to \)c called to account. 
 
 A-c-cfount'a-ble-ness, n. A 
 being liable to answer for ; 
 accountability. 
 
 A€-€Ount'ant, n. One em- 
 ployed, or skillful, in keep- 
 ing accounts. 
 
 A€-epu'ter ) (ak-k(5"o/ter), v. 
 
 A€-epu'tre j t. To equip 
 to furnish. 
 
 A€-€pu'ter-ments ) (-kob'- 
 
 A€-eQu'tre-ments ) ter-), n. 
 Equipage ; trappings ; orna- 
 ments. 
 
 A-c-er6d'it, v. t. To furnish 
 with credentials ; to give 
 credit to. 
 
 A-e-ere'tion, n. The act of 
 growing to ; increase. 
 
 A€-ere'tive, o. Increasing by 
 growth. 
 
 Ac-erue', v. i. To arise ; to 
 be added ; to increase. 
 
 A-e-eum'ben-gy, n. State of 
 reclining. 
 
 A-e-eum'bent, a. Reclining ; 
 leaning. 
 
 A-e-€u'mu-late, v. t. To heap 
 together. — v. i. To in- 
 crease ; to be augmented. 
 
 A€-€u^mu-la'tion, n. Act 
 of accumulating ; a heap. 
 
 A-e-eu^mu-la'tive, a. Caus- 
 ing accumulation. 
 
 A-e-^n'mu-la^tor, n. One who 
 accumulates. 
 
 A^'-eu-ra-gy, ) n. Exact- 
 
 A-e'€u-rate-ness, j ness; 
 
 ^ correctness ; closeness. 
 
 A€'-eu-rate, a. Done with 
 care ; without error. — SYN. 
 Correct ; precise ; just. 
 
 A-e'€u-rate-ly, adv. Exactly ; 
 correctly ; nicely. 
 
 A-e-€urse', v. t. To doom to 
 misery ; to curse. 
 
 A-e-curs'ed,;?.;?. ora. [p.p. 
 pron. ak-kvrstf , and a. ak- 
 kurs^ed.] Cursed ; execrable. 
 
 A-e-eug'ant, n. An accuser. 
 
 son, or, dQ, w^lf, tcTo, t(rok ; Urn, rije, pt.ill ; 9, ^, soft; €, g, hard; ag : e^ist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
ACCUSATION 
 
 16 
 
 ADAMANT 
 
 A€'€U-§a'tion, n. Act of ac- 
 cusing ; charge of a crime. 
 A-e-eu'ga-tive, a. Accusing ; 
 
 — applied to a case in gram- 
 mar, 
 
 A€-€U§e', V. t. To charge 
 with a crime ; to blame ; to 
 censure. [cuses. 
 A€-<5U§'er, n. One who ac- 
 A-e-€US'toin, v. t. To make 
 _ habitual or familiar by use. 
 Age, n. A unit on cards or 
 dice. [a head. 
 
 A-geph'a-lous, a. Without 
 A-gerb'i-ty, n. Bitterness of 
 taste or of spirit, [sourness. 
 A-ges'gent, a. Tending to 
 A-get'i-fy, v. To turn ticid. 
 Ag^e-tim'e-try, n. Art of 
 ascertaining the strength of 
 acids. 
 
 A-ge'tous, a. Having the 
 _ quaUty of vinegar ; sour. 
 A€he (ak), -y. ?'. To be in pain. 
 
 — n. A continued pain. 
 A-chiev'a-ble, a. Capable 
 
 of being achieved. 
 
 A-chieve', v. t. To do; to 
 perform ; to obtain. 
 
 A-chieve'ment, n. A per- 
 
 _ formance ; an action. 
 
 A-elfing (ak^ing), n. Contin- 
 ued pain. [of color. 
 
 A€h''ro-mat'i<;, a. Destitute 
 
 Ag'id (iis/id), a. Sour; like 
 vinegar. — n. A sour sub- 
 stance; a substance by 
 which salts are formed. 
 
 A-gid'i-fy, v. t. To convert 
 into acid. 
 
 A-gid'i-fi''a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being acidified. 
 
 A-gid''i-fi-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 acidifying. 
 
 A-gid'i-ty, I n. Acid taste ; 
 
 Ag'id-ness, ) sourness. 
 
 A-gid'u-late, v. t. To tinge 
 with acids. [sour. 
 
 A-gid'u-lous, a. Slightly 
 
 A-e-kn6wl'edge (ak-noKej), 
 V. t. To own ; to confess ; 
 to avow. 
 
 A€-kn6wl'edg-nient { -nol^ej- 
 ment), n. The owning of a 
 
 ^ thing ; avowal ; thanks. 
 
 A-e'me, n. The highest 
 point ; summit ; crisis of a 
 disease. 
 
 A'€6rn, n. Fruit or seed of 
 an oak. 
 
 A-eou'sti-e (-kow^-), a. Per- 
 taining to hearing. 
 
 A-eous'ti€S, n. pi. The the- 
 ory or science of sounds. 
 
 A-e-quaint', v. t. To inform ; 
 to make familiar with. 
 
 A-e-quaint'ange, n. Knowl- 
 edge ; familiarity ; one well 
 known. 
 
 A€''qui-esge' (ak''wi-ess'), v. 
 
 i. To assent; to be satis- 
 _ fied with ; to comply. 
 Ae^qui-es'genge, n. Con- 
 ^ sent ; compliance. 
 A^/qui-es'gentj a. Disposed 
 
 to submit. 
 A-e-quir'a-ble (11), a. Capa- 
 ble of being acquired. 
 A€-qmre', v. t. To gain ; to 
 
 obtain ; to attain. 
 A^-quire'ment, n. That 
 _ which is acquired ; gain. 
 A€^qui-si'tion (-zish/un), n. 
 
 Act of acquiring ; the thing 
 
 acquired. 
 A-e-qui§'i-tive, a. Disposed 
 
 to make acquisitions. 
 A-e-quis'i-tive-ness, n. De- 
 sire of possession. 
 A€-quit% V. t. To discharge; 
 
 to set free ; to absolve. 
 A-e-quit'tal (7), n. Formal 
 
 release from a charge. 
 A€-quit'tange, n. A receipt 
 
 in full for debt ; discharge. 
 A'-ere (a/ker), n. A piece of 
 
 land containing 160 square 
 
 rods. 
 
 A^j'rid, a. Hot and biting to 
 the taste ; pungent. 
 
 A^''ri-m5'ni-ous, a. Full of 
 acrimony ; bitter ; sarcas- 
 
 ^ tic ; censorious ; severe. 
 
 A-e'ri-mo-ny, n. Bitterness 
 of feeling or language. — 
 Syn. Asperity ; sharpness ; 
 severity ; harshness, [taste. 
 
 A«'ri-tude, n. An acrid 
 
 A-e'ro-bat, n. One who prac- 
 tices high-vaulting, rope- 
 dancing, &c. 
 
 A-er6n'y-«al,a. Risingat sun- 
 set, and setting at sunrise. 
 
 A-crop'o-lis, n. A citadel. 
 
 A-eross', pyep. From side to 
 side of ; athwart ; over. 
 
 A-€r6s'ti-c, n. A poem 5ii 
 which certai-n letters tuken 
 successively, one in each 
 line, form a name. 
 
 A-€r6s'ti€-al, a. Pertaining 
 to acrostics. 
 
 A€t, V. t. To perform ; to 
 do; to move; to feign. — 
 V. i. To be in action ; to 
 imitate ; to conduct or be- 
 have. — w. A deed ; exploit ; 
 
 ^ division of a play. 
 
 A-et'ing, n. Act of perform- 
 
 ^ ing ; action. 
 
 A-e'tion, n. Deed ; feat ; bat- 
 tle ; suit at law ; gesture ; 
 ^ gesticulation. 
 
 A-e'tion-a-ble, a. Admitting 
 an action at law. 
 
 A-et'ive, a. Causing or com- 
 municating action or mo- 
 tion ; engaged in action : 
 transitive. — Syn. Brisk ; 
 
 ^ alert ; nimble ; quick. 
 
 A-et'ive-ly, adv. In an active 
 manner. 
 
 A-e-tiv'i-ty, n. Quality of 
 
 ^ being active ; nimbleness. 
 
 A-et'or, n. One who acts; 
 a stage-player. 
 
 ress, n. A female actor. 
 
 A€t'u-al, a. Existing in act ; 
 
 _ real ; certain. 
 
 A-et'u-al-ly, adv. In act or 
 
 ^ fact. [clerk. 
 
 Act'u-a-ry, n. A register or 
 
 A-et'u-ate, v. t. To put in 
 action ; to excite. 
 
 A-cu'le-ate, a. Prickly. 
 
 A-eu'men, n. Quickness of 
 perception ; acuteness. 
 
 A-cu'mi-nate, a. Sharp; 
 pointed. 
 
 A-eu'mi-nate, v. i. To rise 
 to a point. 
 
 A-eu'mi-na'tion, n. Act of 
 sharpening ; a sharp point ; 
 qiiickness. 
 
 A-€iite', a. Sharp; ingen- 
 ious ; penetrating ; keen. 
 
 A-€ute'ness, n. Sharpness; 
 quickness of intellect. 
 
 Ad'age, n. A proverb ; max- 
 im ; an old saying. 
 
 Ad-a'gio, n. (Mus.) A 
 
 ^ mark of slow time. 
 
 Ad'a-mant, n. A very hard 
 stone ; a diamond. 
 
 a,e, i,o, u, y, /o/ijg-/ 3,e,i,o,ii, 
 
 short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, term ; pVque, firm ; 
 
ADAMANTEAN 
 
 17 
 
 ADMIRALTY 
 
 Ad'a-mant-e'an, ) a. Ex- 
 
 Ad/a-mant'ine, ) treniely 
 hard ; hard as adamant. 
 
 A-dapt', V. t. To tit ; to suit. 
 
 A-dapt/a-biPi-ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of adaptation. 
 
 A-dapt'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being adapted. 
 
 Ad/ap-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 adapting or fitting ; suita- 
 bleness ; fitness. 
 
 A-dapt'ed-ness, n. State of 
 being adapted. [crease. 
 
 Add, r. t. To join ; to in- 
 
 Ad-den'dum, n. {pi. Ad- 
 dSn'da.) Thing added. 
 
 Ad'der, n. A kind of ven- 
 omous serpent, [ing added. 
 
 Ad'di-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 
 Ad-di-ct', V. t. To give up 
 habitually ; to apply. — 
 Syn. To devote; to dedi- 
 cate, [ing addicted. 
 
 Ad-di€'tion, n. State of be- 
 
 Ad-di'tion (-dYsh^un), n. 
 Act of adding ; thing add- 
 ed ; part of arithmetic 
 which treats of adding num- 
 bers. 
 
 Ad-di'tion-al (-dish^un-), a. 
 Added. 
 
 Ad'dle, V. t. To make addle 
 or corrupt. — a. Diseased, 
 as eggs; putrid; corrupt; 
 barren ; empty. 
 
 Ad-dress', v. t. To speak or 
 apply to ; to prepare for ; 
 to direct ; to make love to. — 
 n. Application; petition; 
 dexterity ; skill ; courtship ; 
 direction of a letter. 
 
 Ad-duge', i*. t. To bring for- 
 ward ; to allege. [ward. 
 
 Ad-du'gent, a. Bringing for- 
 
 Ad-du'gi-ble, a. Capable of 
 being adduced. 
 
 Ad-du-e'tion, n. Act of ad- 
 ducing, or bringing forward. 
 
 A-dept', n. A person skilled in 
 any art. — a. Well- versed ; 
 skillful. 
 
 Ad 'e-qua-gy, n. State of 
 being adequate ; sufl&ciency. 
 
 Ad'e-quate, a. Fully suffi- 
 cient ; equal ; proportion- 
 ate ; correspondent. 
 
 Ad-here', v. i. To stick 
 close ; to remain fixed. 
 
 Ad-her'enge, ) n. Quality or 
 
 Ad-her'en-gy, j state of ad- 
 hering; tenacity; fidelity. 
 
 Ad-her'ent, a. United with 
 or to : sticking to. 
 
 Ad-her'ent, I n. One who 
 
 Ad-her'er, ) adheres; a 
 follower ; a partizan. 
 
 Ad-he'§ion, n. Act or state 
 of sticking ; adherence. 
 
 Ad-he'§ive, a. Sticking ; te- 
 nacious, [hesion. 
 
 Ad-he'give-ly, adv. With ad- 
 
 Ad-he'§ive-ness, n. Quahty 
 of sticking ; tenacity. 
 
 A-dieu' (a-dQ/), adv. Fare- 
 well ; good-by . — n. Act of 
 taking leave. 
 
 Add-po-gere', n. A waxy 
 substance into which fat is 
 sometimes converted. 
 
 Ad'i-pose, a. Consisting of 
 fat ; fat ; fatty. 
 
 Ad'it, n. A horizontal en- 
 trance into a pit. 
 
 Ad-ja'gen-gy, n. State of ly- 
 ing close to. 
 
 Ad-ja'gent, a. Lying near ; 
 
 _ contiguous. 
 
 Ad/je-c-ti'val, a. Pertaining 
 to, or partaking of, an ad- 
 jective. 
 
 Ad'je€-tive, n. A word add- 
 ed to a noun to express 
 some quality, attribute, or 
 property. 
 
 Ad'je-e-tive-ly, adv. In the 
 manner of an adjective. 
 
 Ad-join', V. t. To join or unite 
 to. — V. i. To be contiguous. 
 
 Ad-join'ing, a. Joining; ad- 
 jaceut ; near ; contiguous. 
 
 Ad-journ', v. t. To put off to 
 another time. — Syn. To 
 postpone ; delay ; defer. 
 
 Ad-journ'ment, n. Act of ad- 
 journing ; postponement ; 
 delay. 
 
 Ad-judge', V. t. To sentence ; 
 to decide judicially. 
 
 Ad-ju'di-eate, v.t.To deter- 
 mine by law. 
 
 Ad-ju'di-ca'tion, n. Judicial 
 trial or sentence. 
 
 Ad'jun-et, n. Something join- 
 ed to another. — a. Added 
 to, or united with, [joining. 
 
 Ad-jun-e'tion, n. Act of ad- 
 
 Ad-junct'ive, n. That which 
 is joined. — a. Tending to join. 
 
 Ad''ju-ra'tion, n. Act of charg- 
 ing solemnly ; form of oath. 
 
 Ad-jure', v. t. To charge on 
 oath ; to enjoin earnestly 
 or solemnly. 
 
 Ad-just', v. t. To make exact 
 or conformable ; to set 
 right. — Syn. — To adapt ; 
 suit ; fit. 
 
 Ad-just'ment, n. A setting 
 in order ; regulation ; settle- 
 ment, [adjutant. 
 
 Ad'ju-tan-gy, n. Office of an 
 
 Ad'ju-tant, n. A military 
 officer who assists a superior 
 officer. 
 
 Ad'ju-vant, a. Helping ; 
 helpful. — n. A helper ; an 
 assistant. 
 
 Ad-mSag'ure-ment, (-m6zh'- 
 Ijr-), n. Act or result of 
 measuring ; measurement. 
 
 Ad-men^su-ra'tion, n. Act 
 of measuring ; mensuration. 
 
 Ad-min'is-ter, v. t. To man- 
 age ; to direct ; to supply ; to 
 settle, as an estate. — v. i. 
 To contribute ; to act as ad- 
 ministrator. 
 
 Ad-mm'is-te'ri-al, a. Per- 
 taining to administration. 
 
 Ad-mm^is-tra'tion, n. Act 
 of administering ; executive 
 part of government. 
 
 Ad-mhi'is-tra''tive, a. Ad- 
 ministering. 
 
 Ad-min/is-tra'tor, n. A man 
 who manages an intestate 
 estate. 
 
 Ad-min'is-tra'tor-ship, n. 
 
 Office of an administrator. 
 Ad-min''is-tra'trix, n. A 
 
 woman who administers an 
 ^ estate. 
 
 Ad'mi-ra-ble, a. Worthy of 
 admiration. — Syn. Won- 
 derful ; rare ; excellent. 
 
 Ad'mi-ra-bly, adv. Wonder- 
 
 ^ fully ; excellently. 
 
 Ad'mi-ral, n. Principal offi- 
 cer of a fleet or navy. 
 
 Ad'mi-ral-ship, n. Office of 
 admiral. 
 
 Ad'mi-ral-ty, n. The power 
 or the court for administer- 
 ing naval affairs. 
 
 s6n, or, dQ, WQlf, too, tdbk ; tirn, rije, piiU ; 9, ^, soft ; €, g, hard; a^ ; exist ; n as ng ; this. 
 
ADMIRATION 
 
 18 
 
 ADVERTISER 
 
 Ad^mi-ra'tion, n. Astonish- 
 ment; wonder; esteem. 
 
 Ad-mire', v. t. To regard 
 with wonder or love. — v. i. 
 To wonder. 
 
 Ad-mir'er, n. One who ad- 
 mires ; a lover. 
 
 Ad-mi's^si-bil'i-ty, n. Quali- 
 ty of being admissible. 
 
 Ad-mis'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 being admitted. 
 ■ Ad-mis'sion (-mish''un), n. 
 Act of admitting; admit- 
 tance ; allowance. 
 
 Ad-mit', r. t. To let in; to 
 receive as true ; to allow. 
 
 Ad-mit'tange (7), w. Act or 
 power of entering. 
 
 Ad-mix', v.t. To mingle. 
 
 Ad-mix'tion ( -mikst/y un ) , 
 n. A mingling. 
 
 Ad-nuxt'ure (-mikst/yiir), n. 
 Act of mixing; the sub- 
 stance mixed. 
 
 Ad-mon'ish, v. t. To warn ; 
 to reprove gently ; to advise. 
 
 Ad-mon'ish-er, v. One who 
 admonishes. 
 
 Ad^mo-ni'tion ( -m sh^un ) , 
 n. Gentle reproof ; counsel ; 
 warning. 
 
 Ad-mon'i-tive, ) a. Con- 
 
 Ad-m5n'i-to-ry, | taining 
 admonition ; monitory ; 
 warning. [admonishes. 
 
 Ad-mon'i-tor, n. One who 
 
 Ad-nas'gent, a. Growing to 
 something else. 
 
 A-dp', {-dobO, n. Trouble; 
 difficulty ; bustle ; stir. 
 
 Ad^o-les'genge, n. State of 
 _ growing ; youth. 
 
 Ad'^o-les'Qent, a. Growing ; 
 advancing to manhood. 
 
 A-dopt', V. t. To take as 
 one's own. 
 
 A-d6p'tion, n. Act of adopt- 
 ing. 
 
 A-d6pt'ive, a. Adopting ; 
 adopted. 
 
 A-dor'a-ble, a. "Worthy of 
 adoration ; divine. 
 
 Ad'o-ra'tion, M. Divine wor- 
 ship ; homage ; profound 
 reverence. 
 
 A-dore', v. t. To worship ; to 
 venerate ; to reverence ; to 
 revere ; to love intensely. 
 
 A-dor'er, n. One who adores ; 
 a lover. 
 
 A-dorn', v. t. To deck ; to em- 
 bellish ; to decorate, [ment. 
 
 A-dorn'ment, n. Jimbellish- 
 
 A-drift', a. or adv. Floating 
 at random. 
 
 A-droit', a. Skillful ; expert ; 
 dexterous ; ingenious. 
 
 A-droit'ly, adv. Ingeniously. 
 
 A-droit'ness, n. Dexterity ; 
 
 ^ skill. 
 
 Ad^sgi-ti'tious (-tish/us), a. 
 Additional ; supplemental. 
 
 Ad^u-la^tion, n. Excessive or 
 servile flattery. [to excess. 
 
 Ad'u-la''to-ry, a. Flattering 
 
 A-dult', n. A person grown. 
 — a. Grown to maturity. 
 
 A-duPter-ant, n. A person 
 or thing that adulterates. 
 
 A-duPter-ate, v. t. To de- 
 base or corrupt by mixture. 
 
 A-dul'ter-ate, a. Debased ; 
 corrupted ; tainted with 
 adultery. 
 
 A-duFter-a'tion, n. Act of 
 adulterating. 
 
 A-dul'ter-ess, n. A woman 
 guilty of adultery. 
 
 A-dul'ter-ous, a. Guilty of 
 adultery ; spurious ; corrupt. 
 
 A-dul'ter-y, n. A violation of 
 the marriage bed. 
 
 A-dult'ness, n. State of being 
 adult. [out faintly. 
 
 Ad-um'brate, v. t. To shadow 
 
 Ad^um-bra'tion,«. A shad- 
 ow or faint resemblance. 
 
 Ad-im'gi-ty, n. A bending in 
 the form of a hook. 
 
 A-dust', a. Burnt or scorch- 
 ed, or looking so. 
 
 A-diis'tion (-dOst/yun), n. 
 The act of burning up 
 
 Ad-vange', n. A going for- 
 ward ; promotion ; payment 
 beforehand. — v. t. To bring 
 forward or higher ; to raise ; 
 to promote : to pay before- 
 hand. — V. i. To go on ; to 
 improve ; to rise in rank. 
 
 Ad-vange'ment, n. Act of 
 advancing or moving for- 
 ward ; progress ; promotion ; 
 preferment. 
 
 Ad-van'tage, n. Favorable 
 circumstances ; superiority ; 
 
 gain ; benefit ; profit. — v. t. 
 To benefit ; to promote. 
 Ad'van-ta'geous, a. Being 
 of advantage ; profitable ; 
 useful. 
 
 Ad'van-ta'geous-ly, adv. 
 Profitably ; conveniently. 
 
 Ad'vent, n. A coming ; the 
 season of four weeks before 
 Christmas. 
 
 Ad^ven-ti'tioiis (-tTsh^us), a. 
 Added ; accidental ; inci- 
 dental; not essentially in- 
 herent, [the advent. 
 
 Ad-vent'u-al, a. Belating to 
 
 Ad-vent'ure {-venfyijr), n. 
 An extraordinary event ; an 
 enterprise ; chance ; hazard. 
 — V. t. To try the chance; 
 to risk. — V. i. To venture. 
 
 Ad-vent 'ur-er, n. One who 
 adventures. 
 
 Ad-v6nt'ur-ous {ll),a. Dar- 
 ing ; bold ; enterprising ; 
 venturesome. 
 
 Ad'verb, n. A word used to 
 modify a verb, adjective, or 
 other adverb. 
 
 Ad-verb'i-al, a. Relating to, 
 or like, an adverb. 
 
 Ad-verb'i-al-ly, adv. In the 
 manner of an adverb. 
 
 Ad'ver-sa-ry, n. An oppo- 
 nent; enemy; antagonist. 
 
 Ad-ver'sa-tive, a. Express- 
 ing contrariety or opposi- 
 ^ tion . 
 
 Ad'verse, a. Contrary ; ca- 
 
 ^ lamitous ; afflictive. 
 
 Ad'verse-ly, adv. In an ad- 
 verse manner ; unfortu- 
 nately. 
 
 Ad-ver'si-ty, n. Misfortune ; 
 affliction ; calamity. 
 
 Ad-vert', v i. To turn the 
 mind. — Syn. To attend; 
 regard ; observe ; refer. 
 
 Ad-vert'enge, ) n. Direc- 
 
 Ad-vert'en-gy, I tion of the 
 mind ; attention ; heed. 
 
 Ad-vert'ent, a. Attentive. 
 
 Ad^ver-tise', v. t. To inform ; 
 to give piiblic notice of. 
 
 Ad-ver'tige-ment, or Ad^- 
 ver-ti§e'ment, n. A pub- 
 lic notice ; information. 
 
 Ad^ver-tTs'er, . w. One wh6 
 advertises. 
 
 a, §, 1, 6, u, y, long ; S, e, i, 6, , y, short ; care, car, ask, ftll, wh§,t ; gre, veil, tSrm ; pique, firm *, 
 
ADVICE 
 
 19 
 
 AFFRANCHISE 
 
 Ad-vTge', n. Counsel ; instruc- 
 tion ; notice ; tidings. 
 
 Ad-vi§'a-ble, a. Fit to be 
 advised or done ; prudent ; 
 proper ; expedient. 
 
 Ad-vi§'a-ble-ness, n. _ Fit- 
 ness ; propriety ; expediency. 
 
 Ad-vT§e', 1'. To give advice 
 to ; to counsel ; to inform ; 
 to apprise. — v. i. To con- 
 sider. 
 
 Ad-vi§'ed-ly, adv. "With de- 
 liberation or advice ; pru- 
 dently. 
 
 Ad-vT§e'ment, n. Caution; 
 
 advice ; counsel. [vises. 
 Ad-vi§'er, n. One who ad- 
 Ad-vi'§o-ry, a. Having pow- 
 er to advise ; giving advice. 
 Ad'vo-ca-Qy, n. Act of 
 ^ pleading ; intercession. 
 Ad'vo-«ate, n. One who 
 pleads for another; a de- 
 fender. 
 
 Ad'vo-cate, v. t. To plead 
 in favor of ; to support. 
 
 Ad/yo-^a'tion, n. Act of 
 pleading ; a plea. 
 
 Ad^vow-ee', n. One who has 
 the right of advowson. 
 
 Ad-vow'§on, n. The right 
 of presenting a priest to a 
 
 _ vacant benefice. 
 
 A^dy-nam'i€, a. Pertaining 
 
 ^ to' debility ; weak; feeble, 
 
 Adz, ) n. A 
 
 Adze, j tool 
 with an arch- 
 ing blade for 
 chipping. 
 
 .^-5'li-an, a. Adze. 
 Pertaining to, or produced 
 by , the wind. — /Eolian harp , 
 astringed instrument played 
 _ on by the wind, [air ; high. 
 
 A-e'ri-al, a. Belonging to the 
 
 Ae'rie (e^ry or a/ry), The 
 nest of an eagle or other 
 _ bird of prey. [aerifying. 
 
 A'cr-i-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 
 A'er-i-form, a. Having the 
 _ form of air, as gas. 
 
 A'er-i-fy, v. t. To combine 
 _ or fill with air. 
 
 A''er-6g'ra-phy, n. Descrip- 
 tion of the air. 
 
 A'er-o-lite, n. A meteoric 
 stone 
 
 A'er-61'o-gy, w. The science 
 
 _ which treats of the air. 
 
 A^er-o-mS^n'gy, n. Divina- 
 tion by means of the air, or 
 
 _ of substances found in it. 
 
 A'er-dm'e-try, n. Art or 
 science of ascertaining the 
 
 _ mean bulk of gases. 
 
 A'er-o-nauV, a. An aerial 
 
 _ navigator ; a balloonist. 
 
 A^er-0-naiit'i€, n. Pertain- 
 ing to, or practicing, aerial 
 
 _ sailing. 
 
 A^er-o-naut'i^s, sm^. The 
 
 art of sailing in the air. 
 Aer-o-stat'i^, I a. Ilelat- 
 A^er-o-stat'i-c-al, j ing to 
 _ aerostatics. 
 
 A/er-o-stat'i-es, n. sing. The 
 science that treats of the 
 
 _ equilibrium of elastic lluids. 
 
 A''er-OS-ta'tion, n. Aerial 
 navigation ; aeronautics. 
 
 iEs-thet'i-C, «• Pertaining to 
 irstlietics. 
 
 JEs-thct'i-GS, n. sing. Theory 
 or philosophy of taste ; sci- 
 ence of the beautiful. 
 
 A-far', adv. At a great dis- 
 tance; fiir. [fear. 
 
 A-feard', a. Affected with 
 
 Af/fa-bil'i-ty, n. Readiness 
 to converse ; civility. 
 
 Af fa-ble, a. Easy of manners 
 or conversation ; courteous. 
 
 Af fa-bly, ar/i'. In an affable 
 manner ; courteously. 
 
 Af-fair', n. Business ; a par- 
 tial or minor engagement. 
 
 Af-fe€t', V. t. To act upon ; 
 to influence; to dispose or 
 incline ; to aim at ; to make 
 ^ a show of. 
 
 Af'fe-e-ta'tion, n. False 
 show ; artificial appearance ; 
 insincerity ; pretense. 
 Af-fe-et'ed, a. Disposed ; full 
 
 of affectation. 
 Af-fe-ct'ing, a. Moving the 
 
 feelings; pathetic. 
 Af-fe€'tion, n. Love ; fond- 
 ness ; inseparable attribute 
 or quality ; disease. 
 Af-fe-c'tion-ate, a. Fond; 
 
 tender; loving; kind. 
 Af-fi'ange, n. A marriage 
 contract ; confidence ; trust. 
 V. t. To betroth ; to trust, 
 
 Af-fi'an-Qer, n. One who 
 
 affiances. 
 Af-fi'ant, n. One who makes 
 
 :in affidavit. 
 Af'fi-da'vit, w. A sworn 
 
 statement in writing. 
 Af-fiPi-ate, t'. t. To adopt; 
 
 to receive as a member. 
 Af-fiPi-a'tion, n. Adoption. 
 Af fi-nage, n. Art of refining 
 
 metals by the cupel. 
 Af-fm'i-ty, n. Relation by 
 
 marriage ; close agreement ; 
 
 chemical attraction. 
 Af-firm',i'. t. To establish or 
 
 ratify ; to declare positively. 
 
 — Syn. To aver; protest; 
 assert ; asseverate. 
 
 Af-flrm'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being affirmed. 
 
 Af-flrm'ange, n. Confirma- 
 tion ; declaration. [firms. 
 
 Af-firm'ant, n. One who af- 
 
 APfir-ma'tion, n. A solemn 
 declaration ; confirmation ; 
 ratification. 
 
 Af-flrm'a-tive, a. Affirming ; 
 declaratory ; confirmative ; 
 
 — n. That which contains an 
 affirmation. 
 
 Af-fix', V. t. To attach ; to 
 fasten to the end ; to annex. 
 Affix, n. A syllable or letter 
 joined to the end of a word. 
 Af-fla'tion, n. A blowing or 
 
 breathing upon. 
 Af-fla'tus, n. Breath ; blast ; 
 
 inspiration. 
 Af-fli€t',f. t. To give pain to ; 
 
 to trouble ; to distress. 
 Af-fli-ct'ed, a. Troubled ; suf- 
 fering distress. [tressing. 
 Af-fli€t'ing, a. Grievous ; dis- 
 Af-fli-c'tion, w. State of being 
 afflicted ; sorrow ; calamity ; 
 distress. [painful. 
 Af-fli-ct'ive, a. Distressing; 
 Af flu-enge, n. Abundance ; 
 ^ wealth ; riches. 
 Af flu-ent, a. Wealthy ; rich ; 
 
 plentiful ; abundant. 
 Afflux, \n. The act of 
 Af-f lux'ioii , ) flowing to ; 
 
 that which flows to. 
 Af-ford', V. t. To yield; to 
 confer ; to supply ; to be able 
 to sell, exchange, or expend. 
 Af-fran'chise (-chiz), v. t. 
 
 stone. — f. To oetrotn ; to trust. Ai-iran'chise (-ciiiz), v. t. 
 
 s6n, or, dQ, wglf, tc~o, tdbk ; tarn, rije, pull ; p, soft ; €, g, hard/ as ; e^ist ; g as ng ; this. 
 
AFFRAY 
 
 20 
 
 AGREEABLE 
 
 To make free ; to enfran- 
 chise. 
 
 Af-fray', n. A tumultuous 
 
 quarrel ; brawl. 
 Af -fright' (-frltO, V. t. To 
 
 frighten ; to terrify ; to 
 
 alarm. — n. Sudden fear. 
 Af front' (-frunt^, n. Open 
 
 disrespect or ill treatment. 
 
 — V. t. To insult ; to olfend. 
 Af-fu§e% V. t. To pour upon. 
 Af-fu'§ion, n. Act of pouring 
 
 upon. [the field. 
 
 A-field', adv. To, in, or on, 
 A-float', adv. or a. Swim- 
 ming ; in a floating state. 
 A-fobt', adv. On foot ; in ac- 
 tion, 
 
 A-f6Te',adv. or prep. Before. 
 A-f ore 'said (-sed), a. Named 
 before. [past. 
 A-f ore 'time, adv. In time 
 A-f raid ' , a . S truck wi th fear . 
 
 — SVN. Fearful ; apprehen- 
 sive ; timid ; alarmed ; fright- 
 ened ; appalled. 
 
 A-fresh', adv. Anew ; again. 
 Aft, adv. or a. Near the 
 , stern ; astern ; abaft. 
 Aft'er, prep. Later in time ; 
 behind ; in search or imita- 
 tion of ; concerning. — a. 
 Subsequent ; more aft. — 
 adv. Subsequently in time 
 or place. 
 Aft'er-elap, n. An unexpect- 
 . ed subsequent event. 
 Aft'er-cr6p,n. A second crop. 
 Aft'er-math, n. Second crop 
 
 of grass. 
 Aft'er-most, a. Hindmost; 
 ^ nearest the stern. 
 AfVer-nobn', n. The time 
 . from noon to evening. 
 Aft'er-pains, n. pL Pains 
 
 succeeding childbirth. 
 Aft' er-piege, n. A piece per- 
 . formed after a play. 
 Aft'er-thought (-thawt), n. 
 . Jleflection after an act. 
 Aft'er-ward, ) adv. In time 
 Aft'er-wards, ) subsequent. 
 A-gain' (-l^enO, adv. Another 
 time ; once more ; in return. 
 A-gainst'(-ggnstO,;?r(^p. Op- 
 posite to ; in opposition to ; 
 in provision for. 
 A-gape', adv. With the 
 
 mouth wide open ; with star- 
 ing surprise. 
 
 Ag'ate, n. A kind of quartz ; 
 a kind of type; thus, 
 jeer- Agate type. 
 
 A^e, n. Any period of time ; 
 a particular period ; decline 
 of life ; mature years ; agen- 
 
 _ eration ; a century. [old. 
 
 A'ged, a. Advanced in age ; 
 
 A'gen-gy, n. Quahty of act- 
 ing or state of action ; office 
 
 _ of an agent or factor. 
 
 A'gent, w. One who acts as 
 a deputy ; an active cause or 
 power. 
 
 Ag-gl6m'er-ate, v. t. To 
 gather into a ball or mass. 
 
 Ag-gl6m'er-ate, a. Collected 
 into a ball or heap. 
 
 Ag-glSm/er-a'tion, n. Act 
 of gathering into a ball ; 
 close collection. 
 
 Ag-glu'ti-nant, a. Uniting 
 as glue ; causing adhesion. 
 — n. Any viscpus or ad- 
 hesive substance. 
 
 Ag-glu'ti-nate, v. t. To 
 cause to adhere or unite. 
 
 Ag-glu/ti-na'tion,n. Act of 
 uniting, as by glue ; adhe- 
 sion, [to unite. 
 
 Ag-glu'ti-na-tive, a. Tending 
 
 Ag'grand-ize, V. To make 
 great; to enlarge ; to exalt. 
 
 Ag-gran'dize-ment, or Ag'- 
 gran-dize^ment, w. Act of 
 aggrandizing, or state of 
 being aggrandized ; exalta- 
 tion, [aggrandizes. 
 
 Ag'gran-diz^er, n. One who 
 
 Ag'gra-vate, v. t. To make 
 worse ; to exaggerate ; to en- 
 
 ^ hance ; to provoke. 
 
 Ag'gra-va'tion, n. The act 
 
 _ of aggravating. 
 
 Ag'gre-gate, v. t. To collect. 
 
 Ag'gre-gate, a. Formed of 
 parts collected. — n. A sum 
 
 ^ or assemblage of particulars. 
 
 Ag/gre-ga'tion, n. The act 
 of collecting into a mass. 
 
 Ag'gre-ga'tive, a. Causing 
 aggregation ; collective. 
 
 Ag-gres'sion (-gresh^un), n. 
 First attack, invasion, or en- 
 croachment, [first attack. 
 
 Ag-gress'ive, a. Making the 
 
 Ag-gr6ss'or, n. One who be- 
 gins to attack, or injure. 
 
 Ag-griev'ange, n. Injury. 
 
 Ag -grieve', v. t. To afflict; 
 to oppress or injure ; to har- 
 ass. 
 
 Ag -group' {-grobpO, v. t. To 
 bring together ; to group. 
 
 A-ghast', adv. Amazed; stu- 
 pefied with horror. 
 
 Ag'ile, a. Quick of motion. 
 
 — Syn, Nimble; active; 
 lively ; brisk. 
 
 Ag'ile-ness, ) n. Activity ; 
 A-gil'i-ty, ) quickness. 
 Ag'i-ta-ble, a. Capable of 
 ^ being agitated. 
 Ag'i-tate, v. t. To disturb ; 
 
 to perturb ; to discuss. 
 Ag^i-ta'tion, n. Disturbance. 
 
 discussion. [tates. 
 Ag'i-ta^tcr, n: One who agi- 
 Ag'let, n. A tng ; a point at 
 
 the end of a fringe. 
 Ag'nail, n. A disease of the 
 
 nails ; a whitlow. 
 Ag'nate, a. Related or akin 
 
 by the father's fide. 
 Ag-na'tion, n. Relation by 
 
 the father's side. 
 Ag-n5'nieii, n. An added 
 
 name. [past. 
 A-go', adv. In time past ; 
 A-g6g', adv. In a state of 
 
 eager desire or curiosity. 
 A-go'ing, p. pr. In motion, 
 Ag'o-nism, n. Contention 
 
 for a prize. 
 Ag/Q-nist'i-c, \ a. Relating 
 Ag/Q-nist'l-e-al, ) to any 
 
 violent contest, bodily or 
 _ mental. 
 
 Ag'o-nize, V. i. To writhe 
 with agony. — v. t. To 
 cause to suffer agony ; to 
 torture. 
 
 Ag'o-ny, n. Excessive pain. 
 
 — Syn. Anguish : pang. 
 A-gra'ri-an, a. Relating to 
 
 an equal division of lands. 
 
 A-gra'ri-an-ism, n. An equal 
 division of land or property. 
 
 A-gree', v. i. To be of one 
 mind ; to harmonize ; to 
 yield assent ; to suit ; to 
 correspond in gender, num- 
 ber, case, or person. 
 
 A-gree'a-hle (15), a. Agreeing 
 
 a, e, 1, 5, u , y, long ; a, e, 6, tt, 5^^, short ; care, car, ask, all, whgit ; ere, vgil, t5nn ; pique, fTrm ; 
 
AGREEABLY 
 
 21 
 
 ALIENABLE 
 
 or suitable ; in conformity ; 
 pleasing to the mind or 
 senses. 
 
 A-gree'a-bly, adv. In an 
 agreeable manner ; cotiforni- 
 abiy. 
 
 A-gree'ment, n. Act or state 
 of agreeing ; concord ; har- 
 mony ; bargain ; compact. 
 
 Ag^ri-€ult'ur-al, a. llelating 
 to agriculture. 
 
 Ag'ri-eult'ure, n. Art of 
 cultivating the ground ; hus- 
 bandry ; tUlage. [er. 
 
 Ag^ri-€ult'ur-ist, n. A farm- 
 
 A-ground', adv. On the 
 
 _ ground ; stranded. 
 
 A'gue (Ti/gu), n. Chilliness; 
 an intermitting fever. 
 
 A'gu-ish (11), a. Shivering ; 
 
 _ chilly ; partaking of ague. 
 
 A'gu-ish-ness, n. A shiver- 
 
 _ing as with cold. 
 
 Ah, interj. An exclamation 
 expressive of surprise, tri- 
 
 _ umph, «&e. 
 
 A-ha', interj. An exclamation 
 denoting triumph, &c. 
 
 A-h6ad', adv. t'urther on ; 
 
 _ forward ; in advance. 
 
 Aid, v.t. To help ; to succor ; 
 
 to assist. — n. Help ; sup- 
 _ port ; assistance ; succor. 
 
 Aid'-de-€amp, I (ad'-de- 
 
 Aide-der-eamp, ) kong) n. 
 {pi. Aid§-de-€arap, or 
 Aide§-de-eamp.) An offi- 
 cer who assists a general. 
 
 Ail, n. Disorder ; indisposi- 
 tion. — V. t. To affect with 
 pain or uneasiness ; to trou- 
 ^ble ; to be the matter with. 
 
 Ail'mcnt, n. Illness ; mor- 
 _ bid alfection. 
 
 Aim, n. Direction ; endeavor ; 
 design ; purpose ; intention. 
 — V. i. 8c t. To point, or 
 
 _ direct as a weapon. 
 
 Aim'less, a. Without aim. 
 
 Air, n. The fluid we breathe ; 
 atmosphere ; a tune ; pecu- 
 liar manner or appearance ; 
 mien ; show of pride. — v. t. 
 To expose to the air ; to ven- 
 tilate ; to dry by air and 
 
 ^ warmth. [containing air. 
 
 Air'-gells, n. pi. Cavities 
 
 Air'-giin, n. A gun discharg- 
 
 ed by means of compressed 
 ^ air. 
 
 Air'-hole, n. A hole to ad- 
 ^ init or discharge air. 
 Air'i-ly,at/i'. Gayly ; merrily. 
 Air'i-ness, n. Openness to the 
 ^ air ; gayety ; levity. 
 Air'ing,n. An excursion in 
 the open air ; exposure to 
 ^ air. 
 
 Air'less, a. Yoidof air ; close. 
 Air'-pump, n. A machine 
 for exhausting the air for a 
 _ closed vessel. 
 
 Air'y, a. Open to the air; 
 
 gay ; unsubstantial. 
 Aisle (Tl), n. Wing of a build- 
 [ig ; a passage in a church. 
 A-jar', ac/t'. Partly open. 
 A-kim'bo, adv. With a 
 
 crook or bend. 
 A-kin' a. Related by blood ; 
 
 allied by nature. 
 AFa-b5,s'ter, n. A soft, trans- 
 lucent variety of sulphate 
 or carbonate of lime. 
 A-lack', interj. An exclama- 
 tion expressive of sorrow. 
 A-la€'ri-ty, n. Cheerful 
 
 readincps or willingness. 
 AVa-mode', adv. In the fash 
 ion. — n. A kind of thin 
 glossy black silk. 
 A-larm', n. A notice of 
 danger ; sudden surprise 
 and fear. — To give 
 
 notice of danger ; to dis- 
 turb ; to terrify. 
 A-larm'-cl6ck, n. A clock 
 
 made to sound an alarm. 
 A-larm'ist, n. One who in- 
 tentionally excites alarm. 
 A-las', interj. An exclama- 
 tion expressive of sorrow. 
 Alb, n. A vestment of white 
 linen worn by lloman Cath 
 olic priests. 
 Al-be'it, adv. Although ; 
 "notwithstanding. 
 Al-bes'gent, a. Lecominj 
 
 white or whitish. 
 Al-bPno, n. {pi. Al-bi'nos.) 
 A person or animal preter- 
 naturally white ; especially, 
 _ a white negro. 
 Al'bum, n. A blank book for 
 
 autographs, &c. 
 Al-bu'men, n. A peculiar 
 
 animal substance found 
 nearly pure in the white of 
 
 [part of wood. 
 n. White, soft 
 n. A universal 
 
 solvent. 
 A Spanish gov- 
 
 an egg. 
 Al-btir'num, 
 Al'-ea-hest, I 
 Al'ka-hest, j 
 Al-caid', n. 
 
 ernor or warden. 
 Al-chem'i€-al, a. Relating 
 to, or produced by, alchemy. 
 Al'€he-inist, n. One who 
 ^ practices alchemy. 
 Al'€he-my, n. Occult chem- 
 istry ; the art of changing 
 base metals into gold. 
 Al'€0-h61 , n . Pure or highly 
 
 rectified spirit. 
 AF€0-h61'ic, a. Pertaining 
 to, or ])artaking of, alcohol. 
 Al'<;o-r^n, n. The sacred 
 book of the Mohammedans. 
 Al'€ove, or Al-€Ove', n. A 
 recess in a Ubrary or other 
 room. [varieties. 
 Al'der, n. A tree of several 
 Al'der-man (21), n. A mag- 
 "istrate ranking below a 
 _ mayor. 
 
 Ale, n. A fermented malt 
 Mquor. 
 
 A-lem'bi-e, w. Chem- 
 ical vessel used in 
 distilling. 
 
 A-lert', a. On the^ 
 watch ; vigilant 
 brisk ; prompt. 
 
 A-lert 'ness, n. Watchful^ 
 ness ; briskness ; activity. 
 
 Ale'wife (20), «. A kind of 
 fish resembling the herring. 
 
 Apge-bra, n. A branch of 
 mathematics that investi- 
 gates the relations of num- 
 ber.s by means of letters an<^ 
 other symbols. 
 
 APge-bra'i-e, ) a. Per- 
 
 APge-bra'i-e-al, j taining to, 
 or performed by, algebra. 
 
 Al'ge-bra^ist, n. One who is 
 
 _ skilled in algebra. 
 
 A'li-as, adv. Otherwise. — 
 n. A second writ ; an as- 
 sumed name, [other place. 
 
 Al'i-bi, n. Elsewhere ; an- 
 
 Al'ien (al^yen), a. Foreign; 
 
 _ adverse. — n. A foreiguer. 
 
 Al'ien-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being alienated. 
 
 'Alembic. 
 
 sOn, or, do, W9lf, to"o, tc5bk; tirn, rije, p\ill; f, ^, sojl ; -e, g, hard; ; e^ist; q as ng; this. 
 
ALIENATE 
 
 22 
 
 ALMIGHTY 
 
 Ai'ien-ate, v. t. To transfer 
 
 to iiiiotlier ; to estrange. 
 APien-a'tion, n. Transfer ; 
 
 legal conveyance ; ostrange- 
 _ nieiit, [alienates. 
 Al'ien-a'tor, n. One who 
 APien-ee', n. One to whom 
 the title of property is trans- 
 ferred. 
 
 A-light' (a-lTtO, V. i. To get 
 down ; to dismount ; to fall ; 
 to .descend and settle. 
 
 A-lign'ment (-lin'-), n. The 
 adjusting of a line ; the line 
 of adjustment ; ground-plan 
 of a road. 
 
 A-like', adv. In the same 
 manner. — a. Similar ; with- 
 out dilFerence. 
 
 Al'i-ment, n. That which 
 nourishes. — Syn. Food ; 
 
 ^nourishment; nutriment. 
 
 API -ment'al, ) a. Pertain- 
 
 APi-ment'a-ry, ) ing to, or 
 su|)pl\ ing, food ; nutritious. 
 
 Avi-ment'ive-ness, n. The 
 
 _ organ of appetite for food. 
 
 Ai'i-mo-ny, n. A separate 
 maintenance allowed a wife 
 out of her husband's estate, 
 on her divorce or separation 
 
 ^ from him, 
 
 Al'i-quant, a. Not dividing 
 
 ^ without a remainder. 
 
 Al'i-quot, a. Dividing with- 
 out a remainder. 
 
 A-live', a. Having life ; liv- 
 ing ; active ; lively ; suscep- 
 tible, [universal solvent. 
 
 Al'ka-hest, n. A pretended 
 
 Al'ka-les'gent, a. Tending 
 to become alkaline. 
 
 AFka-li, or Al'ka-li, n. {pi. 
 Al'ka-lies, -liz or -liz.) A 
 caustic substance which 
 
 ^ neutralizes acids. 
 
 Al'ka-Iine (-ITn or -lln), a. 
 Having the qualities of al- 
 kali. [alkaline. 
 
 Al'ka-lize, v, t. To make 
 
 Al'ka-loid, a. A vegetable 
 principle possessing alkaline 
 properties. 
 
 All, a. Every one : compris- 
 ing the whole number. — 
 n. The whole : every thing ; 
 tlie total. — adv. Wholly ; 
 completely ; entirely ; quite. 
 
 Al-lay', D. t. To make quiet ; 
 to put at rest or bring down. 
 — S YJV. To check ; appease ; 
 calm ; pacify ; assuage ; 
 
 ^ mitigate ; repress. 
 
 Ai''le-ga'tion, n. Positive 
 affirmation or assertion. 
 
 Al-lege' (al-lfg/), V. t. To 
 assert positively ; to declare ; 
 to plead in excuse ; to cite. 
 
 Al-le^giange, n. The duty 
 of fidelity which a subject 
 owes to his government ; 
 
 ^ loyalty ; fealty. 
 
 AFle-g6r'i-e, ) a. In the 
 
 Al'le-gor'i-e-al, j manner of 
 
 ^ allegory ; figurative. 
 
 APle-gor'i-e-al-ly, adv. In 
 
 ^ an allegorical manner. 
 
 Al'le-go-rize, v. t. To form 
 or turn into allegory. -—--y. 
 
 ^ i. To use allegory. 
 
 Ai'le-go-ry, n. A figurative 
 sentence or discourse ; a 
 parable. 
 
 Al-le'gro,ac?^;. Quick; live- 
 ly. — n. A quick, sprightly 
 
 ^ movement in music. 
 
 APle-lu'ia(-ia/ya), I n. Praise 
 
 Aiae-lu'iah, / Jeho- 
 
 vah ; a song or ascription of 
 praise to God. 
 
 Al-Ie'vi-ate, v. t. To make 
 light ; to ease ; to lessen. 
 
 Al-le^vi-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 ^ alleviating or making light. 
 
 Al'ley (19), n. A narrow 
 walk or passage, [of April, 
 
 All-fobls'-day, n. The first 
 
 All-hail', iriterj. All health ; 
 a phrase of salutation. 
 
 Al-li'ange, n. Union by treaty 
 or marriage ; confederacy ; 
 
 ^ parties allied. 
 
 Al/li-ga'tion. n. 
 
 ^ arithmetic. 
 
 A'li-ga^tor, n. 
 A large am- 
 phibious rep- 
 tile ; the Anier- 
 ican crocodile. 
 Al-lit'er-a'tion 
 
 n. Repetition of the same 
 letter at the beginning of 
 two or more successive 
 words. 
 
 APlo-ca'tion, n. A putting 
 one thing to another. 
 
 A rule of 
 
 Alligator. 
 
 APlo-€u'tion, n. Act or man- 
 ner of addressing ; address. 
 
 Al-lo'di-al, a. I'leo of rent 
 or service ; freehold. 
 
 Al-lo'di-um, n. Land which 
 is the absolute property of 
 the owner ; freehold estate. 
 
 Al-16t' (7), V. t. To give by 
 lot ; to distribute. 
 
 Al-16t'ment, n. Act of allot- 
 iug ; share allotted. 
 
 Al-low% V. t. To permit ; to 
 grant ; to yield ; to make 
 abatement. 
 
 Al-low'a-ble, a. Proper to 
 be allowed ; permissible. 
 
 Al-low'ange, n. Act of allow- 
 ing ; that which is allowed ; 
 permission ; abatement. — 
 r. t. To limit to a certain 
 quantity of food or drink. 
 
 Al-loy', n. A compound of 
 tv/o or more metals ; a baser 
 metal mixed with a fine. — 
 V. t._ To debase by mixing. 
 
 All-saints'-day, 7i. The first 
 day of November. 
 
 All-souls'-day, n. The sec- 
 ond day of November. 
 
 All'spige, n. The berry of the 
 pimento. 
 
 Al-lude', V. i. To refer to 
 without direct mention. — 
 Syn. To hint ; to insinuate. 
 
 Al-lure', V. t. To attempt to 
 draw to. — Syn. To entice ; 
 decoy ; seduce. 
 
 Al-lure'ment, n. That which, 
 allures or entices. 
 
 Al-lur'ing (11), a. Having 
 power to allure ; enticing. 
 
 Al-lu'§ion, n. Reference ; 
 
 properly, indirect reference. 
 Al-lu'sive, a. Having allu- 
 sion. 
 
 Al-lii'vi-al, a. Pertaining to, 
 or composed of, alluvium. 
 
 Al-lu'vi-on, ) n. (pi. Al-lfi'- 
 
 Al-lu'vi-iim, j vi-a.) Earth 
 deposited by water. 
 
 Al-ly' (19), n. One united to 
 another by treat}' or by any 
 tie; a confederate. — v. t. 
 To unite by compact. 
 
 APma-na-e, n. A book or ta- 
 ble containing a calendar of 
 months, weeks, days, &c. 
 
 Al-might'y {-mlt'-), a. All- 
 
 &,e,i, o, u, y,long; a,e, i,o,u,5', short; care, car, ask, all, whait ; ere, veil, term ; p^que, firm; 
 
ALMOND 
 
 powerful; omnipotetit. — I 
 n. The omnipotent God. ! 
 Al'mond (ci/mund), n. The 
 fruit of the ahnond-tree, a 
 tree much resembling the 
 peach ; one of two glands in 
 the throat ; tonsil. 
 Al'mon-er, n. A distributer 
 
 of alms for another. 
 Al'mon-ry, n. Place for dis- 
 tributing alms. 
 Al-most' (17), adv. Nearly ; 
 " for the most part. 
 iUms (amz), n. sing. and???. 
 Any thing given to relieve 
 the poor. [of charity. 
 
 Alm§'-deed (amz^-), n. Act 
 Alms'-house, n. A house 
 
 for^the use of the poor. 
 Al'oe (al^o), n. {pL Al'6e§.) 
 A tree of several species; 
 the inspissated juice of the 
 tree, used as a drug. 
 A-16ft', adv. On high ; above. 
 A-15ne', a. Single solitary. 
 
 — adv. Separately. 
 A-16ng', adv. Lengthwise; 
 onward ; forward ; togeth- 
 er.— A?/ along, the whole 
 way ; throughout. — prep. 
 By the length of. [side. 
 A-16ng-sideS adv. Side by 
 A-lobf, adv. At or from a 
 distance ; apart. — prep. At 
 a distance from ; away from. 
 A-loud', adv. Loudly. 
 Al-pa«'a(18),«. The Peru- 
 vian sheep, or llama, and the 
 cloth made of its wool. 
 APpha, a. First letter of the 
 Greek alphabet, answering 
 to A in English ; the begin- 
 ning. 
 
 APpha-bet, n. The letters 
 of a language arranged in 
 order. — v. t. To arrange in 
 the order of an alphabet. 
 APpha-bet'i-e, I a. Per- 
 APpha-beVi€-al, f taining 
 to, or in the order of, an 
 alphabet. 
 APpha-bet'i-eal-ly, adv. In 
 
 alphabetic order. 
 APt)ine, a. Pertaining to the 
 Alps, or to any lofty moun- 
 tain ; very high. 
 Al-read'y, adv. At or before 
 this time ; now. 
 
 23 
 
 APSO, adv. or conj. In the 
 ■ same manner ; likewise ; too. 
 APtar, n. A place y^-^ 
 ■"for offerings to 
 some deity ; com- 
 munion table. 
 Al'tar-piege, n. 
 "A painting or-* 
 piece of sculpt _ 
 ure over or be--J, 
 hind the altar. ^ 
 Al'ter, V. t. To 
 
 Altar 
 
 make some change in. — v 
 i. To change ; to vary. 
 Al'ter-ant, a. Producing a 
 gradual change. — n. An 
 alterative. 
 Aiaer-a'tion, n. Act of 
 " altering ; change. 
 APter-a-tive, a. Causing 
 alteration.— n. A medicine 
 that gradually produces a 
 change in the habit or con- 
 stitution, [in words. 
 APter-eate, v. i. To contend 
 Aiaer-ea'tion, n. ^Varm 
 contention in words ; con- 
 troversy ; wrangle ; dispute. 
 Al-ter'nate, a. Being by 
 turns. 
 
 Al'ter-nate, or Al-ter'nate, 
 v.t. To perform by turns. — 
 V. I. To happen or to act 
 by turns. [turns. 
 Al-ter'nate-ly, adv. By 
 Al/ter-na'tion, n. Reciprocal 
 
 succession. 
 Al-ter'na-tive, n. Choice of 
 two things. —a. Offering 
 a choice of two things. 
 Al-the'a (18), n. A_ shrub. 
 Al-thouglP (al-tho/), conj. 
 " Grant ; allow or admit that ; 
 
 notwithstanding. 
 Al-tim'e-try, n. Art of 
 
 measuring heights. 
 Al'ti-tude, n. The height of 
 
 an object ; elevation. 
 AVto, adv. High. — n. The 
 
 counter tenor. 
 Al/to-getii'er, adv. Wholly ; 
 ""without exception; con- 
 ^ jointly. 
 
 Al'um, n. A pecuUar astrin- 
 gent mineral substance. 
 A-lu'mi-na, I n. One of the 
 Al'u-mine, ) earths. When 
 pure it is called sapphire. 
 
 AMBER 
 
 Al/u-mm'i-um, \ n. A light, 
 A-lu'mi-num, ) >vhit« 
 metiil, the metallic base of 
 alumina. 
 A-lu'mi-nous, a. Containing 
 
 or resembling alum. 
 A-lura'nus, n. (pi. A-liim'- 
 
 m.) A pupil; agradu.ate. 
 APve-o-late, a. Pitted like a 
 honey-comb. [belly. 
 APvine, a. Belonging to tho 
 APway I (17), adv. For- 
 APway§ ) ever ; perpetually ; 
 
 constantly. 
 Am. The first person of To be. 
 A-main', adv. With all 
 
 force; suddenly. 
 A-maPgam, n. A compound 
 of quicksilver with another 
 metal. 
 
 A-maPgam-ate, v. t. To 
 
 combine with quicksilver. 
 A-maPgam-a'tion, n. The 
 
 act of amalgamating. 
 A-man/u-6n'sis, n. {pi. A- 
 m^n/u-en'seg.) A writer of 
 what another dictates; a 
 copyist. 
 Am'a-ranth, n. An orna- 
 mental plant with showy 
 flowers ; an imaginary 
 flower that never fades. 
 Am/a-ranth'ine, a. Like 
 
 amaranth ; unfading. 
 A-mass', v. t. To collect 
 into a heap ; to accumulate. 
 Am/a-teur' (-tijrO, n. A lover 
 
 of any one of the fine arts. 
 Am'a-tive-ness, n. Proi^en- 
 
 sity to love. 
 Am'a-to-ry, a. Relating to, 
 
 or induced by, love. 
 A-maze' v. t. To astonish ; 
 to confound. — n. A mingled 
 feeling of surprise and won- 
 der; astonishment. 
 A-maze'ment (10), n. As- 
 tonishment; confusion. 
 A-maz'ing, a. Wonderful. 
 Am'a-zon, n. A warhko 
 
 woman ; a virago. 
 Am/a-z5'ni-an, a. Relating 
 to, or resembling, an Ama- 
 zon. \bassador. 
 Am-bas'sa-dor, n. See Em- 
 Am'ber, n. A yeUowish fos- 
 sil resin, used for ornament- 
 al purposes, varnishes, &e. 
 
 s6n. or, do, wglf, to-Q, tobk : to, rue, pi;dl ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; a£ ; e^ist ; 
 
 U as ng ; 
 
 this. 
 
AMBERGEIS 
 
 Am'ber-gris , n. A fragrant 
 waxy secretion of the sperm 
 ^ whale. 
 
 Am'bi-dex'ter, m. One who 
 uses both hands with equal 
 dexterity ; a double-dealer. 
 
 Ain/bi-dex-ter'i-ty,w. Power 
 of using both hands with 
 equal ease ; double-deahng. 
 
 Am/bi-dex'trous, a. Using 
 both hands with equal fa- 
 
 _ cility. 
 
 Am'bi-ent, a. Encompass- 
 
 ing ; surrounding. 
 Am'bi-gu'i-ty, n. Doubtful- 
 ness of meaning. 
 Am-big'u-oiis, a. Of uncer- 
 
 taiu meaning; doubtful; 
 
 equivocal. 
 Am-big'u-oiis-ly, adv. E- 
 
 quivocally ; doubtfully. 
 Am-bi'tion (-bish/un), n. 
 
 An eager desire of fame or 
 
 power. 
 
 Am-bi'tious (-bish/us), a. 
 Controlled by, or indicating, 
 ambition; desirous of su 
 periority. 
 Ain'ble, v. t. To move with 
 an amble. — n. A peculiar 
 gait of a horse in which the 
 two legs on the same side 
 
 24 
 
 AMPLIFICATION 
 
 move together. 
 Am'bler, n. A horse which 
 
 ambles or paces. 
 Am-br5'§ia (-bro^zha), n. 
 The imaginary food of the 
 gods :_a genus of plants. 
 Am-bro'§ial, ) a. Having- 
 Am-br6'§ian, j the quali- 
 ties of ambrosia ; delicious. 
 Am'bro-type, n. A photo- 
 graphic picture taken on a 
 plate of prepared glass. 
 Am'bu-lange, n. A kind of 
 moving hospital; a four- 
 wheeled vehicle for convey- 
 ing the wounded from a 
 battle-field. 
 Am^bu-la'tion, n. Act of 
 
 walking about. 
 Am'bu-la-to-ry, a. Able to 
 walk; walking; movable. — 
 n. A place for walking. 
 Am/bus-eade', n. A con- 
 cealed place in which troops 
 lie hid to attack an enemy ; 
 the troops themselves. | 
 
 Am'bush, n. The act o 
 place of lying in wait, 
 troops posted in a concealed 
 place to attack an enemy; 
 an ambuscade. 
 A-mel'io-rate, t'. To make 
 better. — v. i. To grow bet- 
 ter ; to meliorate. 
 A-meFio-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 making or growing better ; 
 _ improvement ; melioration. 
 A^meu', So be it ; %'erily ; 
 truly. — n. Truth ; one who 
 is true. 
 
 A-me'na-ble, a. Liable to 
 
 give account ; responsible. 
 A-mend', v. t. To change in 
 any way for the better, — v. 
 i' To grow better. — Syn. 
 To correct ; reform ; rectify ; 
 improve. 
 A-mend'a-ble, a. Capable 
 
 of being amended. 
 A-mende' (a-mongdO, ^• 
 A pecuniary fine; repara- 
 tion ; retraction. 
 A-mend'ment, n. A change 
 for the better; improve- 
 ment. 
 
 A-mends', n. sing, and pi. I 
 Compensation ; recompense ' 
 satisfaction. 
 A-men'i-ty, n. Pleasantness; 
 
 agreeableness of situation. 
 A-merge', v. t. To punish 
 
 with a fine. 
 A-merge'a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being amerced ; liable to 
 a fine. 
 
 A-merge'ment, n. Arbi- 
 trary fine. 
 A-mer'ger, n. One who 
 
 amerces, or imposes a fine. 
 A-mgr'i-ean-ism, A word, 
 
 phrase, or idiom pecuUar to 
 
 America. 
 A-mer'i-ean-ize, v. t. To 
 
 render American. 
 Am-e-thyst, n. A precious 
 
 stone of a violet-blue color. 
 Am/e-thyst'me, a. Pertain- 
 
 ing to, or like, amethyst. 
 A/mi-a-bil'i-ty, n. Amiable- 
 
 ness. 
 
 A'mi-a-ble, a. Worthy of 
 love ; lovely ; lovable. I 
 
 A'mi-a-ble-ness, n. Quality 
 of being amiable. 
 
 A'mi-a-bly, adv. In au 
 
 amiable manner. 
 Am/i-an'thus, n. An incom- 
 bustible fibrous mineral 
 ^ substance ; earth-flax. 
 Am'i-ea-ble, a. Friendly; 
 
 peaceable ; harmonious. 
 A-mid', ) prep. In the 
 A-midst', ) midst or mid- 
 dle of; among. 
 A-miss', a. Wrong ; improp- 
 er. — adv. Improperly. 
 Am'i-ty, n. Friendship ; har- 
 mony ; agreement ; good- 
 will. 
 
 Am-mo'ni-a, n. A volatile 
 alkali. 
 
 Am-mo'ni-a-e, n. A peculiar 
 concrete juice used in med- 
 icine. 
 
 Am-mo'ni-a-c, ) a. Per- 
 Am'mo-ni'a-e-al, / taining 
 ^ to ammonia. 
 
 Am/mu-ni'tion (-nish/un), 
 n. Military stores, as pow- 
 ^ der, balls, bombs, &c. 
 Am'nes-ty, w. Auactofgen- 
 I eral pardon. 
 
 I A-mong', ) prep. Mingled or 
 I A-mongst', j associated with. 
 Am'o-rous, a. Pertaining to 
 love; inclined to love; en- 
 amored ; passionate. 
 A-mor'phous, a. Having no 
 
 determinate form. 
 A-mount', v. i. To come in 
 the aggregate ; to be equiva- 
 lent. — n. The sum total ; 
 aggregate. 
 A-mpur', n. A love intrigue ; 
 
 an affair of gallantry. 
 Am-phib'i-an,n. An animal 
 that lives on land or in 
 water. 
 
 Am-phib'i-ous, a. Living in 
 
 two different elements. 
 Am'phi-b61'o-gy, n. Dis- 
 course or proposition of 
 doubtful meaning. 
 Am/phi-the'a-ter, ) n. An 
 Am/phi-the'a-tre, j edifice 
 of a circular or oval form, 
 ^ used for pubhc sports. 
 Am/phi-the-at'ri-c-al, a. Per- 
 taining to an amphitheater. 
 Am'ple, a. Large ; extended ; 
 
 liberal ; diffusive ; wide. 
 Am/pli-fi-<;a'tion, n. En- 
 
 a, e, I, o, ii, y, long ; S, e, i, 6, «, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^t ; ere, veil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
AMPLIFIER 
 
 25 
 
 ANGER 
 
 largemeut; diffuse descnp- I 
 tion. [amplitie.s. 
 Am'pli-fi'er, n. One who 
 Am'pli-fy, V. t. To enlarge ; 
 to treat copiously. — t-. i. 
 To become large ; to dilate. 
 Am'pli-tude, n. Largeness; 
 
 extent; capacity. [era ly. 
 Am'p\Y, ndv. Largely; hb- 
 Am'pu-tate, v. t. To cut off, 
 
 as a limb. 
 Am/pu-ta'tion, n. Act ot 
 
 cutting off a limb. 
 Am'u-let, n. Somethmg 
 worn to prevent evil ; a 
 charm. , 
 A-mii§e', V. t. To entertain 
 agreeably ; to delude. — 
 Syn. To divert ; entertain. 
 A-mu£e'ment,«. That which 
 amuses. [amusement. 
 A-mus'ing, o. Affording 
 A-mu'sive, a. Having power 
 
 to amuse. 
 A-myg'da-late, a. Pertain 
 * ing to , or made of, almonds. 
 A-myg'da-line, a. Pertain 
 
 ing to, or like, almonds. 
 Am/y-la'ceous, a. Pertain- 
 ing to starch. 
 An. One; any; —the same 
 
 as a, the indefinite article. 
 An/a-b&p'tist, n. One \yho 
 holds that infant baptism 
 is not valid. 
 A-na€li'ro-m§m (-nSk/-), n. 
 
 An error in chronology. 
 An/a-€6n'da(18),n. A large 
 
 serpent of the Boa family. 
 A-na€'re-6n'ti€, a. Pertjiin- 
 ing to Anacreon, a Greek 
 poet ; amatory ; convivial. 
 An'a-gram, n. Transposition 
 of the letters of a name or 
 word. [ing to analogy. 
 
 Aii/a-16*'i€-al, a. Accord- 
 A-naPo-gize, v. t. To ex- 
 plain by analogy. 
 A-naVo-gous, a. Having 
 
 analogy or resemblance. 
 A-naPo-gy, n. Agreement 
 between things which are in 
 most respects entirely un 
 like; proportion. 
 A-naPy-sis, n . ( pi. A-naPy- 
 ses.) Resolution of any 
 thfng into its constituent 
 elements. 
 
 An'a-lj^-st, n. One who ana- | 
 
 lyzes. ^ ^ . 
 
 An/a-l^^t'i€, la- Pertain- 
 An'a-li't^i^-al, ) ing to anal- 
 ysis ; resolving into ele- 
 ments. . 
 An/a-lyt'i€S, n. sing. The 
 
 science of analysis. 
 An'a-lyze, v. t. To resolve 
 into first principles or ele- 
 ments. 
 
 An'a-lyz^er, n. One who 
 
 analyzes. . 
 An'a-pest, n. A metrical 
 foot of one long and two 
 short, or one accented and 
 two unaccented, syllables. 
 An'a-pest'i€, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the anapest. 
 A-nar€h'i€, \ «• ."Being 
 A-nar€h'i€-al, j without 
 government; lawless; dis- 
 orderly. 
 An'ar€h-y, n. Want of gov- 
 ernment ; lawlessness. 
 A-nath'e-ma (18), n. An 
 ecclesiastical curse and ex- 
 communication. 
 A-nath'e-ma-tize, v. t. To 
 pronounce an anathema 
 against. 
 An'a-tbm'ic-al, a. Belong- 
 ing to anatomy or dissec- 
 tion, [in anatomy. 
 A-nat'o-mist, n. One skilled 
 A-nat'o-my, n. Art of dis- 
 section ; doctrine of the 
 structure of the body learn- 
 ed by dissection ; thing dis- 
 
 An'bu-ry, n. Soft tumor on 
 horses and cows; excres- 
 cence on the roots of tur- 
 nips, &c. 
 An'Qes-tor, n. One from 
 whom a person descends; 
 progenitor ; forefather. 
 An-Qes'tral, a. Pertaining 
 to, or descending from, an- 
 cestors. 
 
 An'ces-try, n. Series of an- 
 cestors ; lineage ; honorable 
 descent. 
 Ancli'or, n. An 
 i'ron instrument 
 for holding a 
 ship at rest. — _ 
 V. t. To place Anchor. 
 
 at anchor. — v. i. To oast 
 anchor. 
 
 An€h'or-age, n. Ground for 
 
 anchoring. 
 An€h'o-ress, n. A female 
 
 auchoret 
 An€h'o-r6t, ) n. A religious 
 An€h'o-rite, ) solitary ; a 
 
 hermit; a recluse. 
 An-ch5'vy, n. A small sea- 
 fish used in seasoning. 
 An'cient (an/shent), a. Of 
 former times ; not modern ; 
 old. [times. 
 An'cient-ly, adv. In old 
 An'cients (an'slients), n. pi. 
 Men of former times ; old 
 men. , 
 An'cil-la-ry, a. Subservient 
 or subordinate, like a hand- 
 maid. 
 
 And, conj. A particle ex* 
 pressing the relation of ad- 
 dition, and serving to con- 
 nect words or sentences. 
 An-d^n'te, a. [Mas.) Rather 
 slow ; moderate. — n. A 
 movement or piece in andan- 
 te time. 
 
 And'I-ron(-i-um),n. A uten- 
 sil for supporting wood in a 
 fireplace. 
 An-dr6g'y-nal, \a. Hav- 
 An-drog'y-nous, I mg the 
 characteristics of both sexes. 
 An'e€-d6te, n. A short story 
 
 or incident. 
 An'e-c-dot'ic-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to anecdotes. [flower. 
 A-ncm'o-ne, n. The wind- 
 An'eu-rigm, n. A soft pul- 
 sating tumor formed by a 
 morbid enlargement of an 
 artery. , , 
 
 A-new', adv. Afresh ; newly ; 
 
 over again. 
 An'gel, n. A divine mes- 
 senger ; a ministering spirit ; 
 a beautiful person. 
 An-gePi€, l«- Belonging 
 An-gePi€-al, ) to, or resem- 
 bling, angels. 
 An/gel-6Po-gy, M. The doc- 
 trine respecting angels. 
 An'ger, n. A strong passion 
 excited by injury ; resent- 
 ment ; rage ; wrath, — v. t. 
 To make angry ; to provoke. 
 
ANGLE 
 
 An'gle, n. A 
 
 point where CTs. 
 two linos 
 
 meet ; a cor- E 
 
 ricr ; did'er- 
 
 ence of di- CAE, ri^lit jin- 
 rection of f^^^l^ aird?- 
 two lines or baE, obtuse 
 planes ; fish- angle, 
 ing tackle. —^^ i. To fish 
 with a line and hook. 
 
 An'gler, n. One who angles 
 or fishes. 
 
 An'gli-ean, a. English. 
 
 An'gli-Qigm, n. An English 
 idiom. [into English. 
 
 An'gli-gize, v. t. To render 
 
 An'gling, n. Act of fishing 
 
 ^ with a line and hook. 
 
 An'gri-ly (13), adv. With 
 anger. 
 
 An'gry, a. Moved with an- 
 ^ ger ; exasperated ; provoked. 
 An'guish, n. Excessive pain. 
 An'gu-lar, a. Ilaving an- 
 . gles. 
 
 An^gu-lar'i-ty, n. Quality 
 ^ of being angular. 
 
 An'gu-la/ted, a. Formed 
 with angles. [imbecile. 
 
 An'ile, a. Old womanish ; 
 
 A-nil'i-ty, n. Old age of a 
 Avoman ; dotage. 
 
 An/i-mad-ver'sion, n. Re- 
 marks by way of criticism or 
 reproof. — Syn. Strictures ; 
 
 ^ comment ; blame. 
 
 An^i-mad-vert', v. i. To turn 
 the mind ; to remark by way 
 
 _ of criticism. 
 
 An^i-mal,- n. An organized 
 living being, endowed with 
 sensation and voluntary 
 motion ; an irrational being. 
 a. — Pertaining to animals. 
 
 An/i-mal'-eu-lar, a. Relating 
 to, or resembling, animal- 
 
 ^ cules. 
 
 Aryi-mal'<;ule (18), w. An in- 
 visible or very minute ani- 
 
 ^nial. [malcular. 
 
 An/i-mal'-cu-lme, a. Ani- 
 
 An/i-maF-eu-lum, n. {pi. 
 An/i-mal'-eu-la.) An aui- 
 
 ^ malcule. 
 
 An'i-mai-igm, n. Animal 
 nature ; brutishness ; sen- 
 suality. 
 
 2G 
 
 C B/ An/i-mai'i-ty, n. Animal 
 
 existence or nature. 
 An'i-mal-ize, v. t. To give 
 ^ animaj. life to. 
 An'i-mate, v. t. To give life 
 
 to ; to quicken ; to enliven. 
 An'i-mate, a. Possessing 
 anima] hfe. [or spirit. 
 
 An'i-mat^ed, a. Full of life 
 An/i-ma'tion, n. Quality of 
 being animated ; life ; spir- 
 it ; vigor. [gives Hfe. 
 
 An^i-ma^tor, n. One who 
 An^i-mos'i-ty, n. Extreme 
 hatred ; malevolence : malio-- 
 ^ nity. 
 
 An'ise, n. An aromatic plant. 
 An'kle (jlnk/1), n. The joint 
 between the foot and the 
 v^^S- , ^ [annals. 
 An'nal-ist, n. A writer of 
 An'nais, n. pi. A chronolog- 
 ^ ical history ; chronicles. 
 An'nats, n. pi. First fruits 
 or profits of a spiritual pre- 
 ferment. 
 An-neaP, v. t. To temper, as 
 glass or metals, by first 
 heating and then cooling. 
 An-nex', v. t. To join at the 
 ^ end ; to subjoin ; to add. 
 An/nex-a'tion, n. Conjunc- 
 tion : addition ; union. 
 An-nPhi-Iate, v. t. To re- 
 duce to nothing ; to destroy 
 the specific form of a thing. 
 APx-nPhi-la'tion, n. Act of 
 annihilating, or reducing to 
 nothing. 
 An^ni-ver'sa-ry, a. Return- 
 ing with the year ; annual ; 
 yearly. — n. A day cele- 
 brated as it returns each 
 ^ year. [comments or notes 
 An'no-tate, v. i. To make 
 An/no-taaion, n. An ex- 
 ^ planatory note. 
 An'no-ta^tor, n. A writer of 
 
 notes ; a commentator. 
 An-not'to, n. A kind of red- 
 dish dyeing material. 
 An-nounge', v. t. To give 
 notice of; to proclaim; to 
 publish. 
 An-nounge'ment, n. A dec- 
 laration or advertisement ; 
 publication. 
 An-noy', v. t. To incomx- 
 
 ANSWER 
 
 mode ; to vex ; to molest ; to 
 ^ pester. [annoys. 
 An-noy'ange, n. That which 
 An'nu-al (jln^u-al), a. Com- 
 ing yearly. — n. A plant 
 whose root dies yearly ; a 
 ^ yearly publication. [year. 
 An'nu-al-ly, adv. Year by 
 An-nu'i-tant, n. A person 
 
 who has an annuity. 
 An-nu'i-ty, n. A yearly al- 
 lowance of money. 
 An-nul' (7), v. t. To make 
 void ; ^to abrogate ; to abol- 
 ^ ish ; to nullify. 
 An'nu-Iar ) (Sn/u-), a. 
 An'nu-la-ry j Ilaving the 
 ^ form of a ring : round. 
 An'nu-let, n. A little rinsr. 
 An-niii'ment, n. Act of an- 
 ^ nulling. 
 
 An'nu-lose^ a. Furnished 
 with, or composed of, rings. 
 An-nun'ci-ate (-shi/at), v. t. 
 
 To announce. 
 An-nun/ci-a'tion (-shi-a/- * 
 
 shun), 71. Act of announ- 
 ^ cing ; thing announced. 
 An'o-dyne, n. Medicine to 
 assuage pain. — o. Mitigat- 
 ing pain. 
 A-noint', v. t. To rub, as 
 with oil ; to consecrate by 
 the use of oil. 
 A-noint'ed, n. The Messiah. 
 A-noint'ment, n. Act of 
 
 anointing. 
 A-nom'a-lism, n. A devia- 
 tion from rule ; anomaly. 
 A-nom/a-lis'ti€, a. Irregular. 
 A-nom'a-lous, a. Deviating 
 from rule or analogy ; irre"-- 
 ularity. ^ 
 A-nom'a-ly, n. That which 
 deviates from rule ; irregu- 
 lar. 
 
 A-non', adv. Soon ; quickly. 
 A-non'y-moiis, a. Wanting 
 
 a name ; nameless. 
 An-6th'er, a. Some other : 
 ^ one more ; any other. 
 An'ser-me, a. Pertaining to, 
 ^ or resembling, a goose. 
 An'swer (an/ser), v. t. To 
 speak in reply to ; to refute ; 
 to face ; to suit ; to atone 
 for. — V. i. To reply ; to ac- 
 count ; to suit. — n. A re- 
 
 a, e, I, o, u, y, Ions i 2, e, l, 6, u, short ; cire, car, a^k, aU, wh^t ; Gre, veil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
ANSWERABLE 
 
 ply ; something done in con- 
 sequence of something else ; 
 a solution. 
 
 An'swer-a-ble (itn/scr-a-bl), 
 a. Capable of being an- 
 swered ; liable to answer ; 
 accountable ; suitable. 
 
 An'swer-er (jtn/ser-er), n. 
 One who answers, [pismire. 
 
 Ant, n. A small insect ; a 
 
 An-tag'o-iii§in, n. Opposi- 
 tion of action ; contest. 
 
 An-tag'o-nist, n. An oppo- 
 nent ; a competitor ; a con- 
 tender.— a. Counteracting; 
 opposing. thig. 
 
 An-tag/o-nist'l€, a. Oppos- 
 
 An-tag'o-nize, v. i. To act in 
 opposition ; to strive against. 
 
 An-tai'gi-C, a. Alleviating 
 pain. — n. Medicine to re- 
 lieve pain. 
 
 Ant-ar€'ti-e, a. Opposite to 
 the arctic zone ; relating to 
 the southern polar region. 
 
 AnVar-thrit'i€, a. Counter- 
 acting the gout. 
 
 An'te, in compound words, 
 signifies before. 
 
 Ant'-eat'er, n. A tropical 
 animal that lives on ants. 
 
 An^te-Qed'enQe, n. Act of 
 preceding in time. 
 
 Anae-Qed'ent, n. That which 
 goes before. — a. Going be- 
 fore in time. — Syn. Prior ; 
 preceding ; previous ; an- 
 terior ; foregoing. 
 
 An^te-ges'sor, w. One who 
 goes before ; predecessor. 
 
 An'te-cham'ber, n. A room 
 leading into the chief apart- 
 ment. 
 
 An'te-date, v.t. To date be- 
 fore the true time ; to antici- 
 pate. — n. A prior date ; 
 an tici])ation. 
 
 An/te-di-lu'vi-al, \a. Being 
 
 AiVte-di-lu'vi-an, ) before 
 the Hood in Noah's days. 
 
 Anae-di-lu'vi-an, n. One 
 who lived be- 
 
 ^ fore the flood. 
 
 An'te-lope, n. A 
 genus of ani- 
 mals, between 
 the goat and 
 the deer. 
 
 Antelope. 
 
 27 
 
 AiVte-mc-rid'i-an, a. Being 
 
 before noon._ 
 An/te-mun'dane, a. Being 
 
 before the creation. 
 An-ten'na, n. {pi. An-ten'- 
 
 nae.) One of the feelers of an 
 
 insect, 
 
 An/te-nup'tial (-nQp^shal). 
 a. Being before marriage. 
 
 An'te-pas'-ehal, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the time before East- 
 er, [ticipation. 
 
 Anae-past, n. Foretaste ; an- 
 
 An/te-pe-nult', n. The last 
 
 ^ syllable of a word but two. 
 
 AnHe-pe-niilt'i-mate, a. Re- 
 lating to the last syllable 
 but two. 
 
 An-te'ri-or, a. Before in 
 time or place ; previous. 
 
 An-te'ri-6r'i-ty, n. State of 
 being anterior, or before in 
 time or place. 
 
 An'te-room, n,. A room lead- 
 ing to the principal apart- 
 ment. 
 
 An'them, n. Church music 
 adapted to passages from the 
 Scriptures. 
 
 An'ther, n. Tip of the sta- 
 men, containing the pollen. 
 
 An/tho-16g'i€-al, a. Per- 
 taining to anthology. 
 
 An-thol'o-gy, n. A collec- 
 tion of flowers or of poems. 
 
 An'tho-ny*§-fIre (an/to-), n. 
 The erysipelas. 
 
 An'thra-Qite, n. A hard 
 kind of mineral coal. 
 
 AiVthra-Qit'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 to anthracite. 
 
 An'thro-pol'o-gy, n. Nat- 
 ural history of man ; science 
 of man considered in his en- 
 ^ tire nature. 
 
 An/thro-po-mor'phism, n. 
 
 Representation of God under 
 
 a human form. 
 An'thro-poph'a-gy, n. The 
 
 feeding on human flesh ; 
 
 cannibalism. 
 An'ti. A Greek preposition 
 
 signifying against, opposite , 
 
 contrary, or in place of; — 
 
 used in composition. 
 An'ti€, a. Odd ; fimciful ; 
 
 fantastic — n. A buffoon, 
 
 or merry-andrew. 
 
 ANTIPODAL 
 
 An'ti-ehrist, n. A great ad- 
 versary of Christ. 
 An'ti-€hris'tian (-krist/yan), 
 
 . Oi>p<)sing Christianity. 
 An-tiQ'i-pate, v. t. To take 
 
 or do before ; to foretaste. 
 An-tiQ'i-pa'tion, n. Act of 
 
 anticipating ; foretaste. 
 An-tiQ'i-pa'tor,n. One who 
 
 anticipates. 
 An'ti-elPmax, n. A sentence 
 in which the ideas become 
 less striking at the close. 
 An'ti-do/tal, ( a. Effica- 
 An'ti-do'ta-ry, ) cious 
 Mgainst poison [poison. 
 An'ti-dcte, n. A remedy for 
 Anai-feb'rile {or -i"G/bril), a. 
 
 (lood against fever. 
 Anai-ma'son (-sn), n. One 
 ^ opposed to freemasonry. 
 Anai-mo-nar€h'i€-al,a. Op- 
 posed to motiarchy. 
 An'ti-mo'ni-al, a. Pertaining 
 to, or composed of, antimo- 
 ny. — n. A preparation of 
 antimony. 
 An'ti-mo-ny, n. A brittle 
 white metal, and an ore of 
 the same. 
 An'ti-no'mi-an, n. One who 
 holds good works to be not 
 nece.^^sary to salvation. — a. 
 Pertaining to the Antino- 
 mians. 
 
 An'ti-no'ini-an-ism, n. Ten- 
 ets of the Antinomiuns. 
 
 An'ti-no-my, or An-tin'o- 
 my, n. Contradiction be- 
 tween two laws, [the Pope. 
 
 An'ti-pa'pal, a. Opposing 
 
 An'ti-par'a-lyt'l-c, a. Good 
 against paralysis. 
 
 Anai-pa-thet'i€, a. Having 
 antipathy. [dishke. 
 
 An-tip'a thy, n. Aversion or 
 
 An-tiph'o-nal, w. Book of 
 antiphons.— a. Relalingto, 
 or consisting of, alternate 
 singing. 
 
 An'ti-phon, In. Alternate 
 
 An-tiph'o-ny, j or respon- 
 sive singing. 
 
 An-tiph'ra-sis, n. Use of 
 words in a sense opposite to 
 the true one, 
 
 An-tip'o-dal, a. Pertainmg 
 to the antipodes. 
 
 eon, or, dQ, W9lf, tQ-Q, took; to, rue, pi^ll; f, ^, soft; g, hard; a£ ; exist; q as ng 
 
 this. 
 
ANTIPODE 
 
 28 
 
 APPEAL 
 
 An'ti-pode, n. (pi. An-tip'o- 
 deg.; One living on the op- 
 posite side of the globe. 
 
 An''ti-qua'ri-an, a. Relating 
 to antiquity. — n. Anti- 
 quary, [in antiquities. 
 
 An'ti-qua-ry, n. One versed 
 
 An'ti-quat'ed, i?. a. Grown 
 old ; obsolete. 
 
 An-tique',rt. Ancient; old. — 
 n. A remnant of antiquity. 
 
 An-tiq'ui-ty, n. Old times ; 
 a relic of old times. 
 
 An/ti-S€or-bu'ti€, [ a. 
 
 An''ti-S€or-bu'ti€-al, j Good 
 
 _ against the scurvy. 
 
 An/ti-s-cripfur-al, a. Not 
 
 ^ according to the Scriptures. 
 
 An''ti-sep'ti€, a. Counteract- 
 
 ^ ing putrefaction. 
 
 An''tl-slav'er-y, n. Opposi- 
 tion to slavery. 
 
 An-tith'e-sis, n. (pi. An- 
 tith'e-se§.) Opposition of 
 words or sentiments. 
 
 An^ti-thgt'l-e, ) a. Per- 
 
 An''ti-th8t'i€-al, ) taining 
 
 ^ to, or containing, antithesis. 
 
 An'ti-type, n. That which 
 
 ^ is prefigured by the type. 
 
 Anai-typ'i€-al, a. Relating 
 to an antitype. [horn. 
 
 Ant'ler, n. Branch of a stag's 
 
 An'vil, n. An iron block for 
 hammering metals on. 
 
 Anx-i'e-ty (ang-zT/e-ty), n. 
 Trouble of mind ; solicitude ; 
 concern ; disquietude. 
 
 Anx'ious (ank/shus), a. 
 
 ^ Gi'eatly solicitous. 
 
 Anx'ious-ly (itok^shus-), 
 adv. With solicitude, 
 
 A'ny (en''y), a. One, indefin- 
 itely ; every ; whoever. 
 
 A-6r'ta, n. The great artery. 
 
 A-page', a(iy. Quickly; hasti- 
 ly ; fast ; with speed. 
 
 A-part', adv. Separately ; 
 aside ; asunder ; to pieces. 
 
 A-part'ment, n. A room. 
 
 Ap'a-thet'i-e, a. Insensible. 
 
 Ap'a-thy, n. ^^^^^ 
 
 Ape, n. A 'kind ^^^^^y 
 of tailless monk- ^^^1^^ 
 ey ; a mimic or 
 imitator. — v. t. -^P®* 
 
 To imitate as an ape ; to 
 mimic. 
 
 A-pe'ri-ent, a. Gently purga- 
 tive ; laxative. — n. A lax- 
 ative, [a hole. 
 
 Ap'er-ture, n. _An opening ; 
 
 A'pex, n. {pi. A'pex-e§, or 
 Ap'i-Qe§.) The tip, point, 
 or summit of a thing ; top. 
 
 A-pheFion_ (a-feFyun), n. 
 {pL A-phe'li-a.) The point 
 of a planet's orbit most dis- 
 tant from the sun. 
 
 Aph'o-rism, n. A precept 
 or principle expressed in a 
 few wonSfe* — Syn. Axiom ; 
 
 ^ maxim I adage ; apothegm. 
 
 Aph^o-riSt'l^, ) a. Having 
 
 ^h/o-rist'i-c-al, j the form 
 
 ^f an aphorism. 
 
 ^pi-a-ry, n. A place for bees. 
 
 A-piege', adv. To each one's 
 
 _ share ; each by itself. 
 
 Ap'ish, a. Like an ape. 
 
 A-p6€'a-lypse, n. The book 
 of Revelation. 
 
 A-p6-e^a-lyp'ti€, ) a. Re- 
 
 A-p6€'a-lyp'ti€-al, ) lating 
 to the Apocalypse ; contain- 
 ing revelation ; mysterious. 
 
 A-p6€'o-pe, n. Omission of 
 the last letter or syllable 
 of a word. 
 
 A-p6-e'ry-pha, n. Books of 
 doubtful authenticity, ap- 
 pended to the Old Testament. 
 
 A-p6€'ry-plial, a. Not au- 
 thentic ; doubtful. 
 
 Ap'o-gee, n. The point in 
 the moon's orbit most dis- 
 tant from the earth. 
 
 A-p6Po-get'i€, ) a. Said 
 
 A-p6Vo-get'i€-al, j by way 
 of defense or excuse. 
 
 A-p6Fo-gist, n. One who 
 makes an apology, [excuse. 
 
 A-p61'o-gize, V. i. To make 
 
 Ap'o-16gue ( -log), n. A moral 
 fable. [an excuse. 
 
 A-p61'o-gy, n. A defense ; 
 
 Ap'oph-thegm (ap^o-thgrn). 
 
 ^ See Apothegm. [apoplexy. 
 
 Ap^o-piee'ti-e, a. Relating to 
 
 Ap'o-plex^y, n. A disease 
 characterized by sudden loss 
 of sense and motion. 
 
 A-p6s'ta-sy, n. A departure 
 from professed principles. 
 
 A-p6s'tate, n. One who for- 
 sakes his principles or relig- 
 ion. — a. Falling from faith. 
 
 A-p6s'ta-tize, v. i. To aban- 
 don one's faith or party. 
 
 A-p6s'tle (a-pos^sl), n. A 
 messenger sent on important 
 business ; one of the 12 dis- 
 ciples sent forth by Christ to 
 preach the gospel. 
 
 Ap^os-toPi-e, \ a. Relating 
 
 Ap^os-tdl'i-e-al, j to an apos- 
 tle ; taught by the apostles. 
 
 A-p6s'tro-phe, n. A turning 
 from real auditors to an im- 
 agined one ; contraction of a 
 word, or the mark [ ' ] used 
 tp denote such contraction. 
 
 A-p6s'tro-phize, v. t. To 
 address. 
 
 A-p6th'e-€a-ry, n. A com- 
 pounder of medicines. 
 
 Ap'o-thegm \ (ap^o- 
 
 Ap'oph-thegm j th6m), n. 
 
 A remarkable saying ; a 
 ^ maximj aphorism. 
 
 Ap''o-the'o-sis, n. Act of 
 placing among the gods ; 
 
 ^ deification. [deify. 
 
 Ap/o-the'o-size, v. t. To 
 
 Ap-palP, V. t. To smite with 
 terror. — Syn. To dismay ; 
 daunt ; terrify ; intimidate. 
 
 Ap'pa-nage, n. Portion of 
 land assigned by a prince 
 to support a younger jon. 
 
 Ap^pa-ra'tus, n. (pL Ap'pa- 
 ra'tus or Ap^pa-ra'tus-es.) 
 Collection of implements or 
 organs; furniture; utensils. 
 
 Ap-par'el, n. Clothing ; 
 dress ; equipment. — v. t. 
 To dress ; to clothe. 
 
 Ap-par'ent, a. Visible to the 
 eye ; seeming. — SYN. Ob- 
 vious ; clear ; evident. 
 
 Ap-par'ent-ly,a(/r. Plainly; 
 
 ^ clearly ; in appearance. 
 
 Ap''pa-ri'tion (-rTsh/un), n. 
 Appearance ; thing appear, 
 ing ; ghost ; specter. 
 
 Ap-par'i-tor, n. A messen- 
 ger of a spiritual court. 
 
 Ap-peal', n. Removal of a 
 cause to a higher court ; ref- 
 erence to another as wit- 
 ness ; recourse. — v. t. To 
 remove to a higher court. — 
 
 a, e, 1, 0, XLj y, long ; a, i, o, tt. 
 
 short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
APPEAR 
 
 V. 7. To remove a cause to 
 a higher tribunal ; to refer 
 to another for decision. 
 Ap-pear', v.i. To be or be- 
 come visible ; to seem. 
 Ap-pear'ange, n. A coming 
 in sight ; things seen ; sem- 
 blance ; mien ; a coming into 
 court. [pacify. 
 Ap-pease', v. t. To quiet ; to 
 Ap-p61'lant, n. One who 
 appeals. [appeals. 
 Ap-pel'late, a. Relating to 
 Ap^pel-la'tion, n. A name 
 by which a thing is called. 
 Ap-peFla-tive, a. Relating to 
 a common or general name. 
 — n. A common, as distin- 
 guished from a proper, name. 
 Ap^pel-lee', n. The defendant 
 
 in an appeal. 
 Ap^pel-lor', n. One who pros- 
 ecutes another for a crime. 
 Ap-p6nd', V. t. To hang or 
 attach to ; to add ; to annex. 
 Ap-p6nd'age, n. An addi- 
 tion ; adjunct ; concomitant. 
 Ap-p6nd'ant, a. Hanging 
 to ; annexed ; appended by 
 prescription. — n. Some- 
 thing incidental or subordi- 
 nate belonging to a thing. 
 Ap-pen'dix, n. [pi. Ap-pe_n'- 
 dix-e§, or Ap-pen'di-ges.) 
 Something annexed ; liter- 
 ary matter added to a book, 
 Ap/per-tain', v. i. To be- 
 long ; to relate. 
 Ap'pe-tenge. ) n. Strong 
 Ap'pe-ten-gy, ) natural de- 
 vsire. [of food or drink 
 
 Ap'pe-tite, n. Desire, e?p. 
 Ap'pe-tize, V. t. To whet 
 
 the appetite. 
 Ap-plaud', y. To praise by 
 
 clapping of hands, &c. 
 Ap-plau§e', n. Approbation 
 loudly expressed ; public 
 pniisc ; acclamation. 
 Ap'ple, n. A tree and its 
 
 fmit ; pupil of the eye. 
 Ap-pli'ange, n. Act of ap- 
 plying ; thing applied. 
 Ap/pli-ea-bil'i-ty , n. Quali- 
 ty of being applicable. 
 Ap'pli-ca-ble, a. Capable of 
 being applied. [plies. 
 Ap'pli-eant, n. One who ap 
 
 29 
 
 Ap^pli-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 applying ; entreaty ; perse- 
 vering industry ; assiduity. 
 Ap-ply', v.t. To lay or place ; 
 to put or bring ; to devote ; 
 to address. — v. i. To suit ; 
 to agree ; to make request. 
 Ap-point', V. t. To fix, es- 
 tablish or ordain ; to desig- 
 nate ; to direct. 
 Ap/point-ee', n. A person 
 appointed. [appointing. 
 Ap-point'ment, n. Act of 
 Ap-p5r'tion, v. t. To divide 
 
 and assign fairly ; to allot. 
 Ap-por'tion-ment, n. A di- 
 viding into just shares or 
 proportions. 
 Ap'po-§ite, a. Yery appli- 
 cable ; proper ; suitable. 
 Ap/po-§i'tion (-zTsh/un), n. 
 State of two nouns put in 
 the same case without a con- 
 necting word. 
 Ap-prai§'al, n. Valuation by 
 
 authority ; appraisement. 
 Ap-prai§e', -o. t. To set a 
 price on. [appraising. 
 Ap-prai§e'ment, n. Act of 
 Ap-prai§'er, n. A person ap- 
 pointed to appraise. 
 Ap-pre'cia-ble (-prc/shl-), a. 
 
 (Capable of being estimated. 
 Ap-pre'ci-ate(-shT-), r. «. To 
 value ; to raise the value of. 
 — v.i. To rise in value. 
 Ap-pre'ci-a'tion (-.sht-a'- 
 shun), n. Act of appreciat- 
 ing ; a just estimate. 
 Ap/pre-hend', v.t. To seize ; 
 
 to conceive by the mind ; to 
 ^ fear. 
 
 Ap/pre-hen'si-ble, a. Ca- 
 pable of being apprehended. 
 Ap/pre-hen'sion, n. Act of 
 apprehending ; conception 
 of ideas ; fear ; distrust. 
 Ap'pre-hen'sive, a. Quick 
 
 to apprehend; fearful. 
 Ap-pren'tlgc, n. One bound 
 by indentures to learn a 
 trade or art. — v. t. To bind 
 as an apprentice. 
 Ap-pren'tige-ship, a. The 
 
 time an apprentice serves. 
 Ap-prise', V. t. To inform. 
 Ap-prize^t'. t. See Appraise. 
 Ap-proach', v. t. To draw 
 
 AQUILINE 
 
 near to ; to approximate. — 
 V. I. To draw near. — n. 
 Act of drawing near; ac- 
 cess ; advance ; admittance, 
 
 Ap-proach'a-ble , a . Capable 
 of being approached. 
 
 Ap/pro-ba'tion, n. Act of 
 approving ; liking ; support. 
 
 Ap'pro-ba'tive, I «• Ap- 
 
 Ap'pro-ba'to-ry, j proving. 
 
 Ap-pro'pri-ate, v. t. To set 
 apart ; to assign. 
 
 Ap-pro'pri-ate, a. Belong- 
 ing peculiarly. — Syn. i'it ; 
 adapted ; suitable. 
 
 Ap-pro'pri-ate-ly, adv. Fit- 
 ly ; properly, [culiar fitness. 
 
 Ap-pr5'pri-ate-ness, n. Pe- 
 
 Ap-pr5^pri-a'tion, n. Act of 
 appropriating ; any thing set 
 apart. 
 
 Ap-prov'al,n. Approbation. 
 Ap-prove', v. t. To like or 
 
 allow of; to commend. 
 Ap-pr6x'i-mate,^^ To bring 
 or draw near. ["ig'i- 
 Ap-pr6x'i-mate, a. Near ; 
 Ap-prbx'i-ma'tion, n. Ap- 
 proach, [proaching. 
 Ap-prox'i-ma/tive, n. Ap- 
 Ap'pulse, or Ap-pulse', n. 
 
 Act of striking against. 
 Ap-pur'te-nange, n. That 
 which belongs to something 
 else. [ing by right. 
 
 Ap-pur'te-nant, a. Belong- 
 A'pri-cot, n. A kind of plum, 
 _ very delicious. [the year. 
 A'pril, n. Fourth month of 
 A'pron (a^purn or u/prun), n. 
 A part of dress worn in 
 front. [the way. 
 
 Ap/ro-p5s' (-poO, adv. By 
 Apt, a. Fit ; suitable ; liable ; 
 
 ready ; qualified. [wings. 
 Ap'ter-ous, a. Without 
 Apt'i-tude, n. Fitness ; ad- 
 aptation ; tendency. 
 Apt'ly, adv. Properly ; fitly. 
 Apt'ness, n. Fitness ; readi- 
 ness ; tendency. 
 A/qua-for'tis, n. Nitric acid. 
 A-quat'i€, a. Living in water. 
 Aq'ue-du€t (ak/we-dtikt), n. 
 
 An artificial channel for 
 _ conveying water ; conduit. 
 A'que-crs, a. Watery. 
 Aq'ui-line (iWwT-lTn or -hn), 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, wQlf, too, to^ok ; tirn, nje, p\ill ; 9, soft ; -e, g, hard ; as ; exist ; n as ng ; ttiis. 
 
ARAB 
 
 30 
 
 ARMORER 
 
 a. Like an eagle or its beak ; 
 booked. 
 
 jA r'ab, n. A native of Arabia. 
 
 Ar'a-besque (-besk), a. Per- 
 taining to Arabian archi- 
 tecture. 
 
 A-ra'bi-an, ) a. Pertaining 
 Ar'a-bi-e, j to Arabia. 
 Ar'a-bi€, n. The language of 
 ^ Arabians. 
 
 Ar^a-blc, a. Fit for plowing. 
 
 Ar'bi-ter, n. An umpire ; a 
 . . judge. [deterni inable. 
 
 Ar'bi-tra-ble, a. Arbitrary ; 
 
 Ar-bit'ra-ment, n. "Will ; 
 determination ; award. 
 
 Ar'bi-tra-ry, a. Dictated by 
 will ; bound by no law ; 
 despotic. — Syn. Tyranni- 
 _cal; imperious; absolute. 
 
 Ar'bi-trate , v. i. or t. To 
 hear and judge as an arbi- 
 trator ;_ to determine. 
 
 Ar^bi-tra'tion, n. A hearing 
 
 ..and derision by arbitrators. 
 
 Ar'bi-tra^tor, n. An umpire ; 
 arbiter. 
 
 Ar'bor, n. A shady bower. 
 
 Ar'bo-res'gent, a. Growing 
 like a tree. [a tree. 
 
 Ar'bo-rous, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Ar-e, n. A seg- 
 
 ment or part of ^ 
 a circle. 
 
 Ar-eade', n. A series of 
 arches and columns ; a long 
 arched building or gallery. 
 
 Ar-ea'num, n. {pi. Ar-ea'- 
 
 .. na.) A secret. 
 
 Arch, a. Chief ; principal ; 
 waggish ; sly. — n. A curved 
 or vaulted structure. — v. t. 
 To form into an arch. — v. 
 To form an arch. 
 
 Ar^-ehae-oPo-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence _c)f antiquities. 
 
 Ar-eha'i-e, a. Ancient ; an- 
 tiquated ; obsolete. 
 
 Ar'-eha-ism, n. An obsolete 
 Avord, expression, or style. 
 
 Ar€h-an'gel (iirk-), n. A 
 
 . . chief angel. [bishop. 
 
 Arch-bish'op, n. A chief 
 
 Arch-bish'cp-ri-c, n. Juris- 
 diction or office of an arch- 
 bishop. [deputy. 
 
 Arch-dea'-eon, n. A bishop's 
 
 Arch-duchtess, n. A grand 
 
 duchess of the house of 
 
 Austria. 
 Arch-diike', n. A grand duke 
 
 of the house of Austria. 
 Arched (iircht), a. In form 
 ..of an arch. [with a bow. 
 Arch'er, n. One who shoots 
 Arch'er-y, n. Art of shooting 
 
 with a bow. 
 Ar^h^e-typ-'al, a. Belonging 
 
 to an archetype ; original. 
 Ar€h'e-type, n. An original ; 
 . . a pattern ; a model . [fiends . 
 Arch'fiend, n. Chief of the 
 Ar^-ehi-pei'a-go, n. A sea 
 
 with many small islands in 
 ..it. [the art of building. 
 Ar'-ehi-te-et,n. One skilled in 
 Ar^-ehi-te-et'ur-al, a. Per- 
 .. taining to architecture. 
 Ar^-ehi-te€t^iire, n. The art 
 ..or science of building. 
 Ar'-ehi-trave, n. That part 
 
 of the entablature resting 
 ..immediately on the column. 
 Ar'-ehives, n. Records, or 
 ..a place where they are kept. 
 Arch'ness, n. Sly humor. 
 Arch'way, n. A passage un- 
 der an arch. 
 Ar€'ti-e, a. Lying far north. 
 Ar'dent, a. Hot ; fervid ; 
 
 vehement ; zealous. 
 Ar'dor, n. Heat ; warmth ; 
 ..affection ; zeal. 
 Ard'u-ous, a. High ; lofty ; 
 _ hard to "climb ; laborious. 
 A're-a ( 18 ), n. Inclosed space ; 
 
 superficial contents. 
 A-re'na, n. An open space 
 
 for combats ; any place of 
 .. public exertion. 
 Ar'gal, n. Crude tartar. 
 Ar'gent, a. Silvery. 
 Ar'gent-me, a. Relating to, 
 
 or resembling, silver. 
 Ar'gil-la'ceons, a. Of the 
 
 nature of clay ; clayey. 
 Ar'go-sy, n. A large ship 
 .. for merchandise or for war. 
 Ar'gue, V. i. or t. To debate 
 ..or discuss ; to persuade. 
 Ar'gu-ment, n. Reason al- 
 ,. leged to induce belief ; plea. 
 Ar^gu-men-ta'tion, n. Act 
 .. or process of reasoning. 
 Ar^gu-mgnfa-tive, a. Con- 
 sisting of argument. 
 
 A'ri -an, n. One who denies 
 
 _ the deity of Christ. 
 
 A'ri-an-i§m, n. The doc- 
 trines of Arius, who denied 
 
 ^ the deity of Christ. 
 
 Ar'id, a. Dry ; parched. 
 
 A-rid'i-ty, n. Dryness; ab- 
 sence of moisture. 
 
 A-right'(-rIt/),ac/f. Rightly. 
 
 A-n§e', V. i. [In)p._ aro.se ; 
 p. p. ARISEN.] To rise ; to 
 
 ^ mount ; to ascend. 
 
 Ar/is-to-e'ra-gy, n. Govern- 
 ment by nobles ; nobility, 
 
 A-ris'to-€rat, or Ar'is-to- 
 ■erat, n. One who lavors 
 aristocracy. 
 
 Ar/is-to-€rkt'i-c, \ a. Re- 
 
 Ar/is-to-erat'i-e-al, j lating 
 to aristocracy. [numbers. 
 
 A-rith'me-ti-e, n. Science of 
 
 Ar/ith-met'i€-al, a. Relat- 
 ing to arithmetic. 
 
 A-rith/me-ti'cian, n. One 
 skilled in arithmetic. 
 
 Ark, v. A chest or ccffer ; a 
 
 .. large vessel or boat. 
 
 Arm,/?. Limb from the shoul- 
 der to the wrist ; branch ; 
 inlet of water. — v. t. To 
 furnish with arms. — v. i. 
 To take arms. 
 
 Ar-ma'da (18), n. A large 
 fleet of armed ships. 
 
 Ar'ma-ment, n. A force 
 
 .. equipped for war. 
 
 Ar'ma-ture, n. Armor; a 
 piece of iron to connect the 
 poles of a magnet. 
 
 Arir/ful (26). 7?. As much as 
 
 ..the arms can hold. 
 
 Ar'mil-la-ry, a. Resembling 
 a bracelet ; consisting of 
 rings. 
 
 Ar-min'ian (-yan), n. One 
 who denies predestination, 
 and holds to universal re- 
 demption. 
 
 Ar-min'ian-ism, n. Tenets 
 of Arminians. [in arms. 
 
 Ar-mip'o-tent, a. Powerful 
 
 Ar'mis-tige, n. A cessation 
 from a rms I truce. 
 
 Arm'let, n. A little arm; 
 
 .. ornament for the arm. 
 
 Arm'or (33), n. Defensive 
 
 .. arms or covering. 
 
 Ar'mo-rer, n. One who 
 
 &, e,T, 5, u, y,long ; 5, o, i, o,u. 
 
 5', short ; cSre, car, ask, ^U, whg,t ; ere, vgil, tiSrm ; pVque, firm ; 
 
ARMORIAL 
 
 31 
 
 ASIDE 
 
 makes, sells, or has the care 
 of, arms. [armor. 
 
 j^r-mo'ri-al, a. Belonging to 
 
 Ar'mo-ry, ». A repository 
 for arms. [shoulder. 
 
 Arm'pit, n. Cavity under the- 
 
 Arm§, n. pi. Weapons ; eu- 
 signs armorial. 
 
 Ar'my, n. A large body of 
 armed men ; great number. 
 
 A-ro'ma, n. The fragrant 
 principle of plants, 
 
 Ar''o-m^t'i<2, a. Spicy. 
 
 Ar'o-mat'i-es, n. pL. Fragrant 
 spices or perfumes. 
 
 A-r6§e', imp. of Arise. 
 
 A-round', prep. On all sides 
 of; about ; from one part to 
 another of. — adv. Oa every 
 side ; here and there. 
 
 A-rou§e', v. t. To excite to 
 action ; to awaken suddenly ; 
 to animate. [hand-gun. 
 
 Ar'que-buse, ». A sort of 
 
 Ar'rack, n. A spirit obtained 
 from the cocoanut, rice, or 
 sugar-cane. 
 
 Ar-raign' (ar-ranO, v. t. To 
 call to answer in court ; to 
 call in question ; to accuse. 
 
 Ar-raign'ment (ar-riin/-), n. 
 Act of arraigning. 
 
 Ar-range', v. t. To set in 
 order ; to adjust ; to prepare. 
 
 Ar-range'ment, n. Act of 
 arranging; adjustment. 
 
 Ar'rant, a. Notoriously bad ; 
 infamous. [hangings. 
 
 Ar'ras, n. Tapestry ; figured 
 
 Ar-ray', n. Order of battle ; 
 dress ; raiment. — ii. t. To 
 put in order ; to dress. — 
 Syn. To dispose ; arrange. 
 
 Ar-rear'age (8), n. The part 
 of a debt unpaid. 
 
 Ar-rear§', n. pi. That which 
 remains unpaid. 
 
 Ar-rest', v. t. To seize by 
 authority of law ; to detain ; 
 to obstruct. — n. A seizure 
 by legal authority ; a stay- 
 ing or stopping after ver- 
 dict, as of a judgment. 
 
 Ar-riv'al(ll),n. Act of arriv- 
 ing or coming ; person or 
 thing arriving. [reach. 
 
 Ar-rive', v. i. To come ; to 
 
 Ar'ro-gange, n. Insolence of 
 
 bearing ; proud contempt of 
 
 others ; liaughtiness. 
 Ar'ro-gant, a. Haughty ; 
 
 proud ; insolent. 
 Ar'ro-gate, v. t. To claim 
 
 unjustly ; to assume, [bow. 
 Ar'row, n. A weapon for a 
 Ar'row-r(5bt, n. A plant and 
 
 a. nutritive starch from it. 
 Ar'se-nal, >i. A magazine of 
 , arms and military stores. 
 Ar'se-ni-e, ji. A poisonous 
 
 metal and a white oxide of it. 
 Ar-sen'i€-al, a. l'(;rtainiug 
 _ to, or containing, arsenic. 
 Ar'son, n. The malicious 
 _ burning of a house. 
 Art, 2d person of To be. — n. 
 
 Acquired skill ; dexterity ; 
 
 system of rules ; cunning ; 
 
 artifice. 
 
 Ar-te'ri-al, a. Belonging to 
 an jxrtery. 
 
 Ar-te'ri-al-ize, v. t. To com- 
 municate the qualities of 
 
 ..arterial blood to. 
 
 Ar'te-ry, n. A vessel con- 
 veying blood from the heart. 
 
 Art'ful (17), a. Skillful ; cun- 
 ning ; sly ; crafty. 
 
 Ar-thrit'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 ..the joints or to the gout. 
 
 Ar'ti-choke, n. A garden 
 vegetable. 
 
 Ar'ti-ele, n. A particular 
 item, condition, part, or 
 thing ; a certain part of 
 speech. — v. t. To bind by 
 articles. 
 
 Ar-ti-e'u-late, a. Having 
 joints ; distinctly uttered. 
 
 Ar-ti-e'u-late, v. To pro- 
 nounce distinctly ; to unite 
 by means of joints. 
 
 Ar-ti-e^u-la'tion, n. Connec- 
 tion by joints ; a joint ; dis- 
 
 .. tinct utterance. 
 
 Ar'ti-fiQe, n. Artful contriv- 
 ance ; device. — Syn. Strat- 
 agem ; fraud ; deceit ; trick. 
 
 Ar-tif'i-Qer, n. A skillful 
 workman in some art. 
 
 Ar^ti-fPcial (ar/ti-ftsh'al), a. 
 Made by art ; not natural ; 
 factitious ; fictitious. 
 
 Ar-til'ler-ist, n. One skilled 
 in gunner}'. 
 
 Ar-til'ler-y, n. Weapons for 
 
 war ; ordnance ; troops who 
 
 ..manage ordnance. 
 
 Ar'ti-san, n. A mechanic. 
 
 Art'ist, n. A practicer oi one 
 of th(; fine arts. [art. 
 
 Ar-tist'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Art'less, a. Without art; 
 
 ..simple; guileless. [art. 
 
 Art'less-ness, n. "Want of 
 
 As (az), uf/v. in like manner 
 to ; while ; in the idea, char- 
 acter, or condition of ; for 
 
 ^ exaniple ; thus. 
 
 As'a-fet'i-da, I n. A fetid . 
 
 As'a-foet'i-da, ) inspissated 
 sap, used in medicine. 
 
 As-b6s'tus, n. A fibrous and 
 incombustible mineral. 
 
 As-gend', v. To move up- 
 ward ; to mount ; to climb. 
 
 As-gend'ant, a. Above tlio 
 horizon ; superior. — n. Su- 
 perior intluencc ; height. 
 
 As-gend'en-gy, n. Control- 
 ling inttuenc'e. — Syn. Au- 
 thority ; prevalence ; con- 
 trol, [ascending. • 
 
 As-gen'.sion, n. The act of 
 
 As-gent', n. Act of rising ; 
 
 ^ an cniinence ; acclivity. 
 
 As'ger-tain', v. t. To make 
 certain ; to find out; to make 
 confident. 
 
 As/ger-tain'a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being ascertained. 
 
 As-get'i€, n. A devout re- 
 cluse ; a hermit. — a. Aus- 
 tere ; recluse. [ascetics. 
 
 As-get'i-gism, n. Practice of 
 
 As-erib'a-ble (U), a- Capa- 
 ble of being ascribed. 
 
 As-cribe', v. t. To attribute 
 to assign ; to impute. 
 
 As-erip'tion, n. Act of as- 
 cribing ; thing ascribed. 
 
 Ash, n. A well-known tree 
 and its wood. [shar.-io. 
 
 A-shamed', a. Covered with 
 
 Ash'er, a. INIade of ash- 
 
 _ wood ; resembling ashes. 
 
 Ash'e§, n. pi. Incombustible 
 remains of what is burnt ; a 
 dead body that is burnt. 
 
 A-shore', adv. On or to 
 shore. [ashes. 
 
 Ash'y, a. Ash-colored ; like 
 
 A-side', adv. On or to one 
 side. 
 
 Bon, or, do, W9lf, too, tdbk ; <lrn, rye, pyll ; 5, ^, soft; -e, g, hard; as ; exist ; n as ug ; this. 
 
ASININE 
 
 82 
 
 ASTHMATIC 
 
 As'i-nlne, a. Pertaining to an 
 ^ ass ; stupid. 
 
 Ask, V. t. or i. To make re- 
 quest ; to question ; to beg ; 
 to invito ; to demand. 
 
 A-skange', ) adv. Toward 
 
 A skant', ) one corner of 
 tlieeye; sidewise ; obliquely. 
 
 A-skew' (a-sku^), ad/v. Ob- 
 liquely. 
 
 A-sleep', a. In a state of 
 sleep or of death. — adv. In 
 , a sleeping state. 
 
 Asp, n. A small 
 hooded and poison- 
 ous serpent of 
 Egypt. 
 
 As par'a-gus, n. A 
 garden plant. 
 
 As'pe^t, n. Look ; ^^P- 
 countenance ; appearance. 
 
 Asp'en, n. A kind of poplar. 
 
 As-per'i-ty, n. Roughness ; 
 harshness ; moroseness. 
 
 As-perse', v t. To attack with 
 slander. — Syn. To calum- 
 niate ; slander ; vilify. 
 
 As-per'sion, n. A sprinkling ; 
 calumny ; slander ; censure. 
 
 As-phalt', ) n. A bitumi- 
 
 As-phalt'um, J nous sub- 
 stance. 
 
 As-ph5'-x'i-a, ) n. Suspended 
 
 As-phyx'y, ) animation ; 
 fainting. [pires. 
 
 As-pir'ant, n. One who as- 
 
 As 'pi-rate, n. A letter which 
 is aspirated ; a mark of as- 
 piration ; a whispered con- 
 sonant. — a. Pronounced 
 with a rough breathing. 
 
 As'pi-rate, v. t. To pro- 
 nounce with a breathing. 
 
 As'pi-ra'tion, n. Act of as- 
 pirating ; ardent wish. 
 
 As-pire% V. i. To desire eager- 
 ly ; to ascend ; to rise. 
 
 As-pir'ing, a. Aiming at 
 something great ; ambitious. 
 
 A-squmt', adv. Obliquely. 
 
 Ass, n. A beast 
 of burden ; dolt. 
 
 As-sail', V. t. To 
 attack; to assault. 
 
 As-sail'a-ble, a. 
 Capable of being 
 assailed. [sails. 
 
 As-sail'ant, n. One who as- 
 
 Ass. 
 
 As-s5.s' sin, n. One who kills 
 by secret assault. 
 
 As-s^s 'sin-ate, t. To mur- 
 der by secret assault. 
 
 As-sas''sin-a'tion, n. The act 
 of assassinating. 
 
 As-sault', «. Violent onset or 
 attack. — V. t. To attack 
 with violence ; to storm. 
 
 As-say', v. t. To examine 
 chemically, as metals. — 
 fb. i. To attempt ; to try. — 
 n. Attempt ; examination, 
 as of metals. 
 
 As-sem'blage, n. A collec- 
 tion of persons or things. 
 
 As-s§m'ble, t;. To bring or 
 meet together. 
 
 As-sem'bly, n. A company 
 assembled ; a legislature. 
 
 As-s6nt', V. I. To admit a 
 thing as true. — n. The act 
 of agreeing ; consent. 
 
 As-sert', v. t. To aflftrm posi- 
 tively ; to maintain ; to aver. 
 
 As-ser'tion, n. Act of as- 
 serting ; declaration, [serts. 
 
 As-sert'or, n. One who as- 
 
 As-sess', v. t. To tax ; to 
 value ; to determine. 
 
 As-sess'ment, n . Act of as- 
 sessing ; the sum assessed. 
 
 As-sess'or, n. One appointed 
 _ to apportion taxes. 
 
 As'sets,w. pL Effects of a de- 
 ceased or insolvent person. 
 
 As-sev'er-ate, v. t. To affirm 
 solemnly. 
 
 As-sev/er-a'tion, n. Solemn 
 affirmation. 
 
 As'si-du'i-ty, n. Closeness of 
 application ; diligence. 
 
 As-sid'u-oiis, a. Constant in 
 application ; diligent ; busy. 
 
 As-sign' (-sin/), v. t. To mark 
 out ; to appropriate ; to make 
 over. — n. An assignee. 
 
 As-sTgn'a-ble (-sm/-), a. Ca- 
 pable of being assigned. 
 
 As^sig-na'tion, n. Appoint- 
 ment for a meeting. 
 
 As^sign-ee' (-sin-), n. One to 
 whom something is assigned. 
 
 As-sign'er (-sm^-), ) n. One 
 As-'sign-or' ( -sin- ) , j who as- 
 signs. 
 
 As-sign'ment (as-sln/-), n. 
 
 Act of assigning, 
 
 As-sim'i-late, v. To make 
 or become similar. 
 
 As-sim^i-la'tion, n. Act of 
 assimilating, [lieve ; to aid. 
 
 As-sist', V. t. To help ; to re- 
 
 As-sist'ange, n. Help ; aid ; 
 relief ; succor ; support. 
 
 As-sist'ant, n. One who as- 
 sists. — a. Helping. 
 
 As-size', n. A court, or 
 session of a court ; {pL.) time 
 or place of holding a court. 
 
 — V. i. To fix the measure, 
 rate, price, or weight of, by 
 authority. 
 
 As-so'gi-ate (-shi-at), v. To 
 join in company ; to unite 
 with. — a. Joined in in- 
 terest ; united. — n. A com- 
 panion ; partaker. 
 
 As-s5''ci-a'tion (-shT-), n. 
 Union ; connection ; society. 
 
 As'so-nant, a. Having a re- 
 semblance of sounds without 
 rhyme. 
 
 As-s6rt', V. t. To arrange in 
 classes ; to class. 
 
 As-9f6rt'ment, n. Quantity 
 selected or arranged ; collec- 
 tion assorted. 
 
 As-suage', v. t. To soften 
 or reduce, as pain or grief. 
 
 — Syn. To pacify; miti- 
 gate ; alleviate ; allay. 
 
 As-srime', v. t. To take ; to 
 take for granted ; ta pretend 
 to possess. [haughty. 
 As-sum'ing, a. Arrogant; 
 As-sump'tion, n. Act of as- 
 suming ; supposition ; thing 
 supposed. 
 As-siir'ange (-shijr/-), n. Cer- 
 tain expectation ; confi- 
 dence ; boldness ; insurance. 
 As-sure' (a-shijW),. t. To 
 make secure ; to assert posi- 
 ^ tively ; to insure. 
 As'ter, n. A plant. 
 As'ter-isk, n. The mark {*). 
 A-stern', adv. In the hinder 
 part of a ship ; behind a 
 _ ship ; in the rear. 
 As'ter-oid, n. One of the 
 small planets between Mars 
 and Jupiter. 
 Asth'ma (5st/-, Sz^-, or as^-), 
 
 n. Shortness of breath. 
 Asth-mllt'i-e (ast-, az-, or as-), 
 
 a,e,T, o,u,y, long; a,e,i, 6, ti, 5^, 5Aori/ care, car, ask, all,wh^t; ere, veil, term; 
 
ASTONISH 
 
 ATTRIBUTIVE 
 
 a. Pertaining to asthma ; 
 
 troubled with asthma. 
 As-t6n'ish, v. t. To amaze ; 
 
 to surprise. [derful. 
 As-t6n'ish-ing, a. Very won- 
 As-t6n'ish-ment, n. Emo- 
 tion created by a sudden or 
 
 extraordinary event. — Syn. 
 
 Amazement; wonder. 
 As-tound', V. t. To astonish. 
 As'tral, a. Belonging to the 
 
 stars ; starry, [right way. 
 A-stray', adv. Out of the 
 A-strlde', adv. Across ; with 
 
 the legs apart. 
 As-trin'gen-Qy, n. The power 
 
 of binding or contracting. 
 As-trin'gent, a. Binding. 
 
 — n. A medicine which 
 
 binds. 
 
 As-tr61'o-^er, n. One who 
 foretells events by the stars. 
 
 As''tro-16g'i€, ) a. Relat- 
 
 As^ro-lSg'i-e-al, ] ing to as- 
 trology. 
 
 As-tr61'o-gy, n. The art of 
 predicting events by the as- 
 pects of the stars. 
 
 As-tr6n'o-mer, n. One skilled 
 in astronomy. 
 
 Asaro-n6m'i€-al, a. Be- 
 longing to astronomy. 
 
 As-tr6n'o-my, n. The science 
 of the heavenly bodies. 
 
 As-tute', a. Shrewd ; saga- 
 cious ; discerning ; acute. 
 
 A-siin'der, ad/v. Apart; into 
 parts. 
 
 A-sj^'lum, n. A refuge ; sanc- 
 tuary ; a charitable institu- 
 tion. 
 
 At, prep. Near to ; in ; by ; 
 on ; with ; toward. 
 
 Ate, imp. of Eat. 
 
 A'the-i§m, n. Disbelief in 
 the existence of a God. 
 
 A'the-ist, n. One who denies 
 the existence of a God. 
 
 Aahe-ist'i€, ) a. Pertain- 
 
 A''the-ist'i-e-al, ) ing to 
 atheism ; denying a God. 
 
 Ath/e-ne'um ) (25), n. A 
 
 Ath'e-nae'um ) literary or 
 scientific association ; a pub- 
 lic reading-room. 
 
 t -thirst', a. Thirsty, 
 th'lete, n. A contender for 
 a prize in public games . 
 
 Ath-16t'i-c, a. Belonging to 
 wrestling ; strong ; vigorous. 
 
 A- thwart', adv. Sidewise ; 
 obliquely. — prep. Across ; 
 from side to side of. 
 
 Avian-te'an, a. Resembling 
 Atlas, a fabulous giant. 
 
 At-Un'tie, a. Pertaining to 
 the ocean, between Europe 
 and America. [maps. 
 
 At'las (18),_n. A collection of 
 
 At'mos-phere, n. The air 
 that surrounds the earth. 
 
 Avinos-ph6r'i€, I a. Be- 
 
 At^mos-ph6r'i€-al, ) long- 
 ing to the atmosphere. 
 
 At'om, n. A minute particle. 
 
 A-t6m'i€, I a. Of, or relat- 
 
 A-t6m'i-e-al, J ing to atoms. 
 
 A-tone', V. i. To expiate ; to 
 make satisfaction for ; to 
 reconcile. 
 
 A-tone'ment (10), n. Sjitis- 
 faction ; expiation ; reconciU- 
 ation. 
 
 A-tr5'cious, a. Wicked in a 
 high degree ; enormous ; 
 flagitious. [wickedness, 
 -trdg'i-ty, n. Horrible 
 t'ro-phy, n. A wasting 
 away ; emaciation. 
 
 At-tach', V. t. To take by 
 legal process ; to win over. 
 
 Attach^ (at^a-sha'), n. One 
 attached to the suite of an 
 embassador. 
 
 At-tich'raent, n. Act of 
 attaching ; state of being 
 attached ; thing attached ; 
 seizure by legal process in a 
 civil suit ; affection. 
 
 At-t3,ck', V. t. To assault ; to 
 assail. — n. An assault ; 
 onset ; invasion. 
 
 At-tain', v. i. To reach by 
 efforts ; to arrive at. — Syn. 
 To obtain ; to acquire. 
 
 At-tain'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being attained. 
 
 At-tain'der, n. Act of at- 
 tainting in law. 
 
 At-tain'ment, n. Act of at- 
 taining ; thing attained ; 
 acquisition. 
 
 At-taint', v. t. To corrupt ; 
 to disgrace ; to taint, as 
 blood, when one is found 
 guilty of treason. — n. A 
 
 stain ; spot ; taint ; a kind 
 of writ. 
 
 At-tem'per, ©. t. To qualify 
 by mixture ; to temper. 
 
 At-tempt', n. A trial ; effort ; 
 essay. — v. t. To try ; to en- 
 deavor ; to essay ; to attack. 
 
 At-t6nd', V. t. To wait on ; 
 to accompany. — v. i. To 
 give heed ; to be in waiting. 
 
 At-t^nd'ange, n. Act of 
 waiting; service; retinue; 
 train ; attention. 
 
 At-t6nd'ant, a. Accompany- 
 ing ; connected. — n. One 
 who attends or accompanies. 
 
 At-t6n'tion, n. Act of attend- 
 ing or heeding ; civihty. 
 
 At-t6nt'ive, a. Paying at- 
 tention ; heedful ; regardful. 
 
 At-t6n'u-ate, v. t. To thin ; 
 to subtihze ; to make slen- 
 der ; to draw out. 
 
 At-t6n''u-a'tion, n. A making 
 thin or slender, [to. 
 
 At-t6st', V. t. To bear witness 
 
 Avtes-ta'tion, n. Official tes- 
 timony ; witness. [testa. 
 
 At-t6st'or, n. One who at- 
 
 At'ti€, a. Pertaining to Atti- 
 ca ; pure ; classical. — n. An 
 upper story. 
 
 At'ti-gi§m, n. Elegant Greek. 
 
 At-tire', V. t. To drews ; to 
 ari-ay . — n. Clothes ; apparel ; 
 dress ; habit. [tion. 
 
 At'ti-tude, n. Posture ; posi- 
 
 At^ti-tud'i-nize, v. t. To as- 
 sume affected attitudes. 
 
 At-tor'ney (-tGr^-, 19), n. One 
 legally appointed by another 
 to act for him. [allure. 
 
 At-tract', V. t. To draw ; to 
 
 At-tr§^'tion, n. Act or power 
 of attracting ; adurement. 
 
 At-tr4«t'ive, a. Drawing ; 
 alluring. — n. That which 
 draws. [which draws. 
 
 At-tra-ct'ive-ness, n. Quality 
 
 At-trib'u-ta-ble, a. Capable 
 of being attributed. 
 
 At-trib'ute, t. To ascribe; 
 to impute. [quality. 
 
 At'tri-bute, n. An inherent 
 
 Atari-bu'tion, n. The act 
 of attributing. 
 
 At-trib'u-tive, a. Relating 
 to, or expressing, an attri- 
 
 8<5n, or, dQ, wglf, tcTo, t(rok; Om, rye, p^U ; 9, soft; c, g, kard; a§ ; e^st ; 0 as ng ; tfaia. 
 
ATTRITION 
 
 84 
 
 AVAUNT 
 
 bute. — n. A word denoting 
 an attribute. 
 
 At-tri'tion (-trish^un), n. Act 
 of wearing or rubbing. 
 
 At-tune^ V. t. To put in tune. 
 
 Au'burn, a. Reddish brown. 
 
 Au€'tion, 71. A public sale to 
 the highest bidder. 
 
 Au€'tion-eer', n. Manager of 
 an auction. 
 
 A^i-da'cious, a. Bold ; impu- 
 dent ; presumptuous. 
 
 Au-d^Q'i-ty, n. Boldness ; 
 
 * presumptuous impudence. 
 Au'di-ble,a. Capable of being 
 
 heard. [to be heard. 
 
 Au'di-bly, adv. In a manner 
 Au'di-enQe, n. A hearing ; 
 
 assembly of hearers. 
 Au'dit, n. An examination 
 **of accounts under author- 
 ity. — V. t. To examine and 
 
 adjust, as accounts. 
 Au'dit-or, n. A hearer ; one 
 " who audits accounts, 
 .^u'dit-o-ry, n. An assembly 
 ' of hearers ; audience. — a. 
 
 Having the power of hearing. 
 Au'ger, n. A tool to bore 
 
 holes. [any part. 
 
 Aught (awt), n. Any thing ; 
 Aiig-ment', v. t. To make 
 
 larger; to increase. — v. i. 
 
 To grow larger, 
 ^ug'ment, n. Increase ; en- 
 ' largement ; a sign of past 
 
 time, in grammar. 
 Aug^men-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 * augmenting ; thing added. 
 Aug-ment'a-tive, a. Having 
 
 " the quality of augmenting. 
 Au'gur, n. A diviner by the 
 
 ""flight of birds.— t;. t. To 
 
 predict by signs ; to prog- 
 nosticate. — V. i. To con- 
 jecture by signs or omens. 
 Au-gu'ri-al, a. Relating to 
 
 augurs or augury. 
 Au'gu-ry, n. A prediction 
 " founded on the flight of 
 birds, &c. ; an omen ; prog- 
 nostication, [of the year. 
 Au'gust, n. Eighth month 
 Au-gust% a. Impressing rev- 
 
 * ere nee or awe. — Syn. 
 Grand ; imposing ; majestic. 
 
 Au'li<j, a. Pertaining to a 
 royal court. 
 
 Aunt, n. A father's or moth- 
 er's sister. 
 Au-re'o-la, \n. A halo of 
 Au're-ole, j light or lu- 
 ' minous rays. [ear. 
 Au'ri-ele, n. The external 
 Au-ri€'u-lar, a. Pertaining to 
 the ear or the sense of hear- 
 ing ; recognized by the ear. 
 Au-rif'er-ous, a. Producing 
 "gold. 
 
 Au'rist, n. One skilled in 
 
 '" disorders of the ear. 
 
 Au-ro'ra, n. The dawning 
 "light. — Aurora borealis, a 
 luminous meteoric phenom- 
 enon ; northern lights. 
 
 Au-r5'ral, a. Pertaining to 
 the aurora. 
 
 Aus^-eul-ta'tion, n. Mode of 
 
 ' detecting lung-diseases by 
 listening to sounds within 
 the chest. [fluences. 
 
 Au'spi-Qe§, n.pL Omens ; in- 
 
 Au-spPcious (-spish^us), a. 
 Having omens of success. — 
 Syn. Prosperous ; propi- 
 tious. 
 
 Au-stere', a. Severe ; rigid. 
 Au-stere'ly, adv. Severely; 
 ""rigidly. 
 
 Au-ster'i-ty, n. Severity ; 
 
 "" harsh discipline ; rigor. 
 
 Aus'tral, a. Southern. 
 
 Au-then'ti€, a. Genuine ; 
 original ; not counterfeit. 
 
 Au-then'ti-eate, v. t. To 
 establish by proof. 
 
 Au-then^ti-ea'tion, n. Es- 
 tablishment by proof. 
 
 Au^'then-tiQ'i-ty, n. State 
 of being authentic ; gen- 
 uineness. 
 
 Au'thor, n. One who pro- 
 
 * * duces any thing ; a writer. 
 
 Au'thor-ess, n. A female au- 
 
 "thor. [authority. 
 
 Au-th6r'i-ta-tive, a. Having 
 
 Au-thor'i-ty, n. Legal pow- 
 
 *' er ; warrant ; rule ; support ; 
 testimony. 
 
 Au'thor-i-za'tion, n. Estab- 
 
 "■ lishment by authority. 
 
 Au'thor-ize, v. t. To give 
 
 " authority to ; to make legal ; 
 to justify. 
 
 Au'thor-ship, n. The state 
 " of being an author. 
 
 Au/to-bi-6g'ra-pher, n. One 
 * who writes a history of his 
 
 own life. 
 Au^to-bi-og'ra-phy, n. The 
 
 writing of one's own life. 
 Auao-bi/o-graph'i-e-al, a. 
 " Relating to autobiography. 
 Au-t6€'ra-Qy, n. Supreme 
 
 independent power. 
 Au'to-erat, n. An absolute 
 
 sovereign. 
 Au'to-€rat'i<5, ) a. Relat- 
 Au/to-€rat'i<;-al, j ing to au- 
 tocracy or to an autocrat. 
 Au^to-da-fe', n. Punishment 
 
 of a heretic by burning; 
 
 also, the sentence then 
 
 read. 
 
 Au'to-gr3,ph, n. A person's 
 "hand-writing ; signature. 
 
 Au^to-graph'i-e, ) a. Con- 
 
 Au'to-graph'i-e-al, ) sis ting 
 in one's own hand- writing. 
 
 Au''to-m3,t'i€, a. Belonging 
 to, or like, an automaton, 
 
 Au-t6m'a-ton, n. {pL Au- 
 
 " t6m'a-ton§ ; Lat. pi. Au- 
 tom'a-ta.) A self-moving 
 machine, especially one 
 which imitates the motions 
 of men or animals. 
 
 Au'tumn (aWtum), n. Third 
 * season of the year ; fall. 
 
 Au-tuna'nal, a. Of, or be- 
 longing to, autumn. 
 
 Aux-il'ia-ry, a. Helping. 
 
 ** — n. A verb that helps form 
 moods and tenses of other 
 verbs; (pi.) troops assisting 
 another nation. 
 
 A-vail', V. t. To turn to the 
 advantage of ; to profit ; to 
 assist; to promote. — v. i. 
 To be of use or advantxige. — 
 n. Advantage; profit; {pi.) 
 proceeds of property sold. 
 
 A-vail'a-ble, a. Profitable; 
 ^ valid. 
 
 Av'a-lanQhe, n. Body of 
 snow, earth, &c., slicing 
 
 ^ down a mountain, [of gain. 
 
 Av'a-riQe, n. Excessive love 
 
 Av'a-ri'cious (-rish-'us), a. 
 Greedy of wealth. — Syn. 
 Covetous ; miserly ; penuri- 
 ous ; niggardly. 
 
 A-vast', inter j. Cease ; hold. 
 
 A-vaunt', interj. Begone. 
 
 a, e, 1, 6, u, y , long ; 5, e, i, 6, fi, y , short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, VQil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
 f 
 I 
 
AVE-MARY 
 
 35 
 
 BACHELOR 
 
 A've-Ma'ry, ( n. A prayer 
 
 A^ve-Ma-ri'a, j to the Vir- 
 gin Mary. [to oats. 
 
 Av^e-na'ceous, a. Relating 
 
 A-venge', i>. «. To take just 
 satisfaction for ; to take 
 vengeance on. 
 
 A-v6ng'er, n. One who 
 avenges. 
 
 Av'e-nue (18), n. An en- 
 trance ; passage ; shaded al- 
 ley in a garden ; wide street. 
 
 A-ver', v.t. To declare posi- 
 tively ; to affirm ; to assert. 
 
 Av'er-age, n. A mean pro- 
 portion ; medium. — a. lle- 
 lating to a mean. — v.t. To 
 reduce to a mean. — v. i. To 
 be or form a medial sum or 
 quantity. [sertion. 
 
 A-ver'ment, n. Positive as- 
 
 A-verse', a. Having a strong 
 dislike ; disinclined ; unwil- 
 ling ; ^reluctant. 
 
 A-ver'sion, n. Hatred ; dis- 
 like ; the cause of aversion. 
 
 A-vert', V. t. or i. To turn 
 aside. [^!vd8 in. 
 
 A'vi-a-ry, n. A place to keep 
 
 A-vid'i-ty, n. Greediness ; ea- 
 
 _ gerness ; intense desire. 
 
 Av/Q-ea'tion, n. Business 
 that calls away. 
 
 A-void', V. t. To keep at a 
 distance from ; to make 
 void ; to defeat or evade. 
 A-void'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being avoided. [ing. 
 A-void^ange , n. Act of avoid- j 
 
 I A-void'er, n. One who 
 avoids. 
 
 Av^oir-du-pois' (5,v/er-), n. A 
 weight which has sixteen 
 ounces to the pound. 
 A-vouch', V. t. To declare 
 
 positively ; to maintain. 
 A-vow', V. t. To declare 
 openly ; to own and justify. 
 A-vow'al, n. A frank declara- 
 tion. 
 
 A-vow'ed-ly, adv. In an 
 
 open manner. 
 A-vow'er, n. One who 
 avows. [asunder. 
 A-vul'sion, n. A tearing 
 A-wait', v.t. To wait for ; to 
 expect. 
 
 A-wake', a. Not sleeping. — 
 
 V. t. [imp. 8c p. p. AWAKED 
 
 or AWOKE.] To rouse from 
 sleep ; to wake. — v. i. To 
 cease to sleep. 
 A-wak'en, V. To awake. 
 A-ward', v. t. To adjudge ; 
 
 to decree. — n . A judgment. 
 A- ware', a. Foreseeing ; vigi- 
 lant ; watchful ; apprised. 
 A-way', adv. At a distance. 
 Awe, n. Reverential Ibar. — 
 
 v.t. To strike with awe. 
 Aw'ful (10), a. Striking awe. 
 Aw'ful-ness, n. Quality of 
 
 striking with awe. 
 A-while', adv. For some time. 
 Awk'ward,a. Clumsy; un- 
 handy ; inelegant. 
 Awk'ward-ness, n. Un- 
 gracefulness j clumsiness, 
 
 ! Awl, n. A tool to pierce 
 holes. 
 
 Awn, n. The beard of grasses 
 
 and grain. 
 Awn'ing, n . A covering from 
 
 tlie sun or weather. 
 A-w6ke', imp. & p. p. from 
 
 Awake. 
 
 A- wry (-rIO, a. or adv. Ob- 
 lique or obliquely ; aside. 
 
 Ax, I n. An iron tool with a 
 
 Axe, ) steel edge, for hewing 
 and chopping. 
 
 Ax'i-al, a. Pertaining to an 
 axis. 
 
 Ax'i-form, a. Having the 
 
 shape of an axe. 
 Ax'il-la-ry, a. Belonging to 
 
 the armpit. 
 Ax'i-om, n. A self-evident 
 ^ proposition or truth. 
 Ax'i-om-3,t'i€, a. Pertaining 
 
 to an axiom ; of the nature 
 
 of an axiom. 
 Ax'is, n. {pL Ax'eg. ) The line 
 
 on which a thing revolves ; 
 
 stem of a plant. 
 Ax'le (aks/1), ) • Mm. 
 Ax'le-tree, J _«HL 
 
 n. A shaft on°ifflQS»0 
 
 which a wheel ^HPj 
 .^turns._ J^J 
 Ay, or Aye,arfv. ^ 
 
 Aye (a), adv. C, Axle. 
 
 Always ; ever. 
 Az'urc (azh'ur or a^zhur), a. 
 
 Blue ; sky-colored; cerulean. 
 
 — 71, A light blue ; the sky. 
 
 B. 
 
 BAA, n. The cry or bleat- 
 ing of sheep. — v. i. To 
 cry like a sheep. 
 Bab'ble,t'.«. To talk idly, ir- 
 rationally, or unintelligibly ; 
 to prattle.— n. Senseless 
 prattle ; idle talk. 
 Bab'bler, n. An idle talker ; 
 
 a prater. 
 Babe, n. An infant ; a young 
 child ; a baby. 
 
 Bab-oon', n. A 
 
 large species 
 
 of monkey. 
 Ba'by (19), n. 
 
 An infant ; 
 
 young child ; 
 
 a babe. 
 Ba'by-ish, 
 
 Like a baby ; ■ 
 
 childish. 
 Ba€^-ea-lau're- Baboon. 
 
 ate, n. The degree of 
 Bachelor of Arts. 
 Ba€'€ha-nal, n. A drunkard; 
 
 a reveler. 
 B^-e-'-cha-na'li-an, a. Rev- 
 eling in intemperance. — n. 
 A drunken reveler. 
 Bach'e-ior, n. An unmarried 
 man; one who has taken 
 the first degree in any of the 
 liberal arts. 
 
 son, or, dg, W9lf, t<5D, took ; tirn, r«e, pyll ; f , |, soft; g, hard: a§ ; e^ist ; Q as ng ; this. 
 
BACK 
 
 36 
 
 BANDY 
 
 B3-ck, n. The hinder part In 
 man and the upper part in 
 beasts ; the rear ; outward or 
 upper part of a thing. — adv. 
 To, in, or toward the rear ; 
 backward ; behind ; again. 
 — V. t. To mount ; to sup- 
 port ; to furnish with a back. 
 
 Back'bite, v. t To slander in 
 the absence of the person 
 traduced. [lumniator. 
 
 Back'bit-er, n. A secret ca- 
 
 Back'bone, n. The bone of 
 the back : the spine. 
 
 Back-gam'mon, n. A game 
 with dice, played on a kind 
 of table or board. 
 
 Back'ground, n. Ground or 
 part behind ; shade. 
 
 Back'slde, n. Hinder part. 
 
 Back-slide', v. i. To fall off ; 
 to apostatize. 
 
 Back'ward, ) a. Unwilling ; 
 
 Back'wards, j slow ; late ; 
 dull. [ingly. 
 
 Back'ward-ly, adv. Un will- 
 Back' ward-ness, n. State or 
 quality of being backward. 
 
 Back-wdbd§'man(21), n. An 
 inhabitant of the forest in 
 new settlements 
 
 Ba'-eon(ba/kn), n. Hog'sflesh 
 salted, or pickled and dried. 
 
 Bad, a. Wanting good quali- 
 ties ; ill ; evil ; wicked. 
 
 Bade, imp. of Bid. [tion. 
 
 Badge, n. A mark of distinc- 
 
 Bad'ger, n. A quadruped. 
 
 — V. t. To tease ; to worry. 
 Baffle, v. t. To elude or de- 
 feat by artifice. — Syn. To 
 balk ; frustrate ; disappoint. 
 
 Bag, n. A sack ; purse. — 
 V. t. To put into a bag. — v. 
 i. To swell like a bag. 
 
 Bag'a-telle', n. A trifle. 
 
 B&g'gage, n. Utensils and 
 other necessaries of an army ; 
 clothing; luggage. 
 
 BS,gn'io (ban/yo), n. A hot 
 bath ; brothel, [instrument 
 
 BS,g'pipe, n. A musical wind 
 
 Bail, n. A surety for anoth- 
 er's appearance ; a handle 
 
 — V. t. To give security ; 
 to set free on security ; to 
 release by bail ; to free from 
 water. 
 
 Bail'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being bailed. 
 Bail'iff , /I. A sheriff 's deputy : 
 
 an under-steward. 
 Bail'i-wick, n. Jurisdiction 
 
 of a bailiff. 
 Bail'or, ) n. One who delivers 
 Bail'er, ) goods in trust. 
 Bairn, or Barn, n. A child. 
 Bait, V. t. To put food on, as 
 on a hook ; to give refresh- 
 ment to. — V. i. To stop for 
 refreshment on a journey. 
 — n. A lure ; temptation ; 
 enticement ; refreshment. 
 Baize, n. A kind of coarse 
 
 woolen stuff. 
 Bake, v. t. To heat or harden 
 by heat ; to cook in a close 
 heated place. — v. i. To do 
 the work of baking ; to dry 
 and harden in heat. 
 Bak'er, n. A person whose 
 
 trade is to bake. 
 Bak'er-y, n. Trade of a baker, 
 Bak'ing (11), n. A drying by 
 heat ; quantity baked at 
 once. 
 
 BaPange, n. A pair of scales ; 
 the difference of accounts ; 
 equipoise ; a sign in the zo- 
 diac. — V. t. To make equal ; 
 to weigh ; to estimate ; to 
 adjust and settle. — v. 
 To hesitate ; to fluctuate 
 Bal'ange-sheet, n. A paper 
 exhibiting a summary and 
 balance of accounts. 
 Bal'-eo-ny, n. A gallery on 
 the outer wall of a building. 
 Bald, a. Without hair ; naked. 
 BaPder-dash, n. A worthless 
 mixture ; jargon ; nonsense 
 Bald'ness, n. A want of hair, 
 Bald'pate, n. A pate or per- 
 son without hair. 
 Bal'dri€, n. A girdle ; a belt. 
 Bale, n. Misery ; sorrow ; 
 calamity ; a bundle of goods 
 — V. t. To put into, or 
 make up into, bales ; to 
 pack up. 
 Bale'-fire, n. A signal fire. 
 Bale'ful (17), n. Full of bale ; 
 
 sorrowful ; sad. 
 Balk (bawk), n. An vinplowed 
 ridge of land ; a great beam ; 
 hindrance ; disappointment. 
 
 — V. t. To disappoint. — 
 V. i. To stop abruptly. 
 
 Ball, n. Any round body ; a 
 globe ; a bullet ; a social as- 
 sembly for dancing ; a game. 
 
 — V. i. To form into a 
 ball ; to gather balls of snow 
 on the feet. [song. 
 
 Bal'lad, n. A simple popular 
 
 B^l'last, n. Any heavy sub- 
 stance to steady a ship. — 
 V. t. To load with ballast. 
 
 Bal'let (or la), n. Theatrical 
 exhi_bition of dancing, &c. 
 
 Bal-ldbn',n. A 
 vessel filled %i 
 with gas for sail-^tt 
 ing in the air. 
 
 Bai'lot, n. A^ 
 ball or ticketj^ 
 used in voting-Si. 
 
 — v.i. To vote 
 by ballot. 
 
 Banot-b6x, n. Balloon. 
 A box for receiving ballots. 
 
 Balm (bam), n. An odorifer- 
 ous plant ; an ointment. 
 
 Balm'y (bam/y), a. Sweet ; 
 fragrant. 
 
 Bal'sam, n. An aromatic 
 resinous substance. 
 
 Bal-sam'i-e, a. Having the 
 qualities of balsam ; healing. 
 
 BS,l'us-ter, n, A small pillar 
 to support a rail. 
 
 Bal'us-trade, n. A row of 
 balusters topped by a rail. 
 
 Bam-bob', n. A kind of 
 tropical reed. [ceive. 
 
 Bam-boo'zle, v. t. To de- 
 Ban, n. A public notice ; in- 
 terdict ; curse. 
 
 Ba-na'na, n. A tree, 
 and its fruit. 
 
 Band, n. Any thing'^i 
 that binds ; a com- 
 pany. — V. t. & i. 
 To unite together. 
 
 Band'age, n. A fillet. 
 
 Ban-dan'a, \n. a 
 
 Ban-dan'na, ) kind of silk. 
 
 Band'box, n. A light box 
 for bonnets, &c. 
 
 B3,n'dit (25), n. An outlaw ; a 
 robber. 
 
 Ban'dy, n. A club for strik- 
 ing a ball. — V. t. To beat 
 to and fro, as a ball ; to ex- 
 
 fl, e ,T, 0, u, y , long / S, 6, i, 6, u, J^, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh§t ; ere, tsU, t5rm ; pique, firm j 
 
BANDY-LEG 
 
 37 
 
 BARRENNESS 
 
 change. — v. i. To con- 
 tend, [leg. 
 
 Ban'dy-lSg, n. A crooked 
 
 Bane, n. Deadly poison ; 
 mischief; ruin. 
 
 Bane'ful, a. Poisonous ; 
 noxious ; hurtful. 
 
 Bang, V. t. To beat ; to 
 thump. — n. A blow; a 
 thump. [banyan. 
 
 Bin'ian, n. A morning gown ; 
 
 Bin'ish, V. t. To exile from 
 one's country ; to drive 
 away. 
 
 B3.n'ish-ment, n. Expulsion 
 from one's own country. 
 
 Ba,n'is-ter, n. A baluster. 
 
 BS^nk, n. A ridge of earth ; 
 steep acclivity ; aide of a 
 stream ; a shoal ; place where 
 money is deposited. — v. t. 
 To raise a bank about. 
 
 B3,nk'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being received by a bank. 
 
 Bank'-bill, ) n. A promis- 
 
 B3.nk'-note, ) sory note is- 
 sued by a banking company. 
 
 B3-nk'-bdbk, n. A small book 
 for private bank accounts. 
 
 B3.nk'er, n. One who deals 
 in money or discounts notes. 
 
 B3,nk'ing, n. The business 
 of a banker. 
 
 B3,nk'rupt, n. One who can 
 not pay his debts. — a. Un- 
 able to pay debts ; insolvent. 
 
 — v.t. To make insolvent. 
 B3,nk'rupt-Qy, n. State of a 
 
 bankrupt ; failure in trade. 
 
 B3.nk'-st6ck, n. Shares in a 
 banking capital. 
 
 B3,n'ner, n. A standard ; flag. 
 
 Ban'quet (bank/wet), n. A 
 grand entertainment ; a 
 feast. — v.t. To give a feast 
 to. — v.i. To regale one's 
 self with a feast. 
 
 Bans, n. pi. Proclamation in 
 church of an intended mar- 
 riage, [of fowl. 
 
 Bin'tani,n. A small variety 
 
 Ban'ter, v. t. To rally ; to 
 ridicule ; to joke or jest with. 
 
 — n. Raillery ; joke. 
 B3,nt'ling, n. An infant. 
 Ba,n'yan, or Ban-yan', n. A 
 
 kind of fig-tree. 
 Bap'ti§m, n. Application of 
 
 water to the body as a re- 
 ligious ceremony. 
 
 Bap-tig'mal, a. Pertaining to 
 baptism. 
 
 Bap'tist, n. One who holds 
 to baptism of adults only, 
 and that by immersion. 
 
 B^p'tis-ter-y, n. A place for 
 baptizing. 
 
 Bap-tize', v. t. To administer 
 baptism to. [tizes. 
 
 Bap-tiz'er, n. One who bap- 
 Bar, n. A bolt ; obstruction ; 
 inclosure in an inn or court- 
 room ; division in music ; 
 bank of sand in a river ; 
 body of lawyers ; a tribunal. 
 — V. t.To fasten ; to shut out. 
 
 Barb, n. Any thing like a 
 beard ; a point standing 
 backward, as in a fish- 
 hook ; horse armor ; a Bar- 
 bary horse. — v. t. To fur- 
 nish with barbs. 
 
 Bar-ba'ri-an, n. A savage ; 
 a man uncivilized. — a. 
 Savage ; uncivilized. 
 
 Bar-bS,r'i€, a. Foreign ; 
 rude : barbarous. 
 
 Bar'ba-ri§m, n. Savageness. 
 
 Bar-bar'i-ty, n. A savage 
 state ; cruelty ; barbarism. 
 
 Bar'ba-rous, a. Uncivilized ; 
 savage ; rude ; cruel. 
 
 Bar'be-cue, n. A hog, &c., 
 roasted whole ; a feast in 
 the open air. — v. t. To 
 dress and roast whole. 
 
 Bar'ber, n. One whose busi- 
 ness is to shave beards. 
 
 Bar'ber-ry, n. A shrubby 
 plant, and its fruit, [poet. 
 
 Bard, n. A Celtic minstrel ; a 
 
 Bare, a. Naked ; uncovered ; 
 destitute ; mere. — v.t. To 
 make naked ; to uncover. 
 
 Bare'faged (-fast), a. Shame- 
 less ; impudent. 
 
 Bare'fdbt, «. & adv. With- 
 out shoes or stockings. 
 
 Bare'-h6ad^ed, a. With the 
 head uncovered. 
 
 Bar 'gain, n. Agreement ; a 
 thing bought or sold. — f. 
 t. To make a contract with ; 
 to sell. — V. i. To agree. 
 
 Bar^e, n. A large boat for 
 pleasure, &c. 
 
 Ba-riPla, n. A sea-shore 
 plant ; impure carbonate oi 
 soda. 
 
 Bark, n. Rind of a tree ; the 
 noise made by a dog. — v. t. 
 To .«^trip of bark. — v. i. To 
 make the noise of a dog. 
 
 Bark, j^-A 
 
 out a mizzea '^^^H^HA^ 
 
 BSeyfn. A Barque, 
 kind of grain that malt ia 
 made of. 
 
 Bar'ley-€6rn, n. A grain of 
 barley ; third part of an 
 
 Barm, 71. Yeast. [inch. 
 
 Barn, n. A building for hay 
 and other farm produce. 
 
 Bar'na-ele, n. A kind of 
 shell-fish ; a kind of goose ; 
 (pi.) an instrument to put 
 on a horse's nose to confine 
 him ; a pair of spectacles. 
 
 Ba-r6m'e-ter, n. An instru- 
 ment to measure the weight 
 of the atmosphere. 
 
 B^r'on, n. R;mk of nobility 
 next to a viscount. 
 
 BS,r'on-age , n . Body of bar- 
 ons, [wife. 
 
 Bar'on-ess, n. A baron's 
 
 Bar'on-et, n. A dignity next 
 below that of a baron. 
 
 B§,r'on-et-Qy, n. The rank, 
 state, or title of a baron. 
 
 Ba-r5'ni-al, a. Belonging to 
 a barony. 
 
 Bar'o-ny, n. Lordship or 
 fee of a baron. 
 
 Ba-rpuQhe' (-robsh/), n. A 
 two - seated four - wheeled 
 open carriage. [soldiers. 
 
 Bar'rack, n. A building for 
 
 B^r'ra-tor, n. One who ex- 
 cites lawsuits. 
 
 B^r'ra-try, n. Encourage- 
 ment of lawsuits. 
 
 B^r'rel, n. A sort of cask ; 
 a cyhnder ; a tube. — v. t. (8) 
 To put into a barrel. 
 
 Bar'ren, a. Not prolific ; un- 
 fruitful ; sterile ; dull. — n. 
 An unfertile tract of land. 
 
 Bai'ren-ness, n. Unfruit- 
 fulr.ess. 
 
 s6n, or, dQ, wglf, toD, t(rok ; <irn, rye, pijU ; 9, i^, soft ; g, hard; ; e^ist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
BARRICADE 
 
 88 
 
 BEAR 
 
 B&r^ri-^ade', n. A hastily 
 made fortification ; a bar or 
 obstruction. — v. t. To 
 stop up, as a passage. 
 
 ^ar'ri-er, n. A limit; de- 
 fense ; bar ; obstruction ; 
 boundary. [at law. 
 
 E^r'ris-ter, n. A counselor 
 
 Bar'rdw, n. A hand-car- 
 riage ; a mound ; a gelt 
 swine. 
 
 Bar'ter, v. t. To traffic by 
 
 exchanging articles. — n. 
 
 Traffic by exchange, [ters. 
 B^r'ter-er, n. One who bar- 
 B^r'y-tone, n, A male voice 
 
 partaking of the common 
 
 bass and tenor. 
 Ba-salt', n. A very hard 
 
 greenish-black mineral. 
 Ba-salt'i<;, a. Pertaining to 
 
 basalt. 
 
 Base, n. Bottom ; foundation ; 
 pedestal ; gravest part in 
 music,— Low in value, 
 rank, spirit, estimation, &c, 
 =-Syn. Mean; vile. — -r. i. 
 To found, set, or lay. 
 
 Base'-born, a. Illegitimate. 
 
 Base'less, a. Without sup- 
 port, [of a building. 
 
 Base'ment, n. Lower story 
 
 Base'ness, n. Quality of be- 
 ing base ; meanness ; vile- 
 ness ; deepness of sound, 
 
 Base'vi-ol, ) n. A musical 
 
 Bass'vi-ol, j instrument. 
 
 Bash'ful, a. Wanting con- 
 fidence ; modest ; shy ; diffi- 
 dent. 
 
 Bash'ful-ness, n. Extreme 
 
 modesty ; diffidence. 
 Ba'si-e, a, Relating to a base. 
 Bas'i-lisk, n. A cockatrice ; 
 
 a kind of cannon, 
 Ba'sm (ba/sn), n, A small 
 
 vessel ; dock ; a pond j any 
 
 hollow place. 
 Ba'sis, n.^pl. Ba'si§.) Foun- 
 dation ; support ; base. 
 Bask, V. i. To lie in warmth, 
 
 — 1\ t. To warm with genial 
 
 heat. 
 
 Bas'ket, n. A vessel made of 
 twigs, &c,, interwoven. 
 
 Bass, n. A fish ; a tree. 
 
 Bass,«. (M«5.) The base.— a. 
 Grave ; low ; deep. See Base. 
 
 Bas-soon', n. A musical 
 wind instrument. 
 
 BS-s'tard, a. Illegitimate ; 
 spurious ; born out of wed- 
 lock. — n. A spurious child. 
 
 Bas'tard-y, n. State of being 
 a bastard. 
 
 Baste, V. t. To beat with a 
 stick ; to sew slightly ; to 
 drip butter on. 
 
 Bas-t'ile' (or bits/teel), n. An 
 old castle used as a prison. 
 
 Bas'ti-nade', j v. t. To beat 
 
 BS,s^ti-na'do, ) on the soles 
 of the feet with a cudgel. — 
 n. A cudgeling, especially 
 on the soles of the feet. 
 
 B^s'tion (bast^yun), n. A 
 mass of earth standing out 
 from a rampart. 
 
 Bat, n. A 
 stick ; a small 
 bird-like ani- 
 mal. Bat. 
 
 Batch, n. Bread baked at one 
 time ; work done at once ; 
 quantity of things taken 
 together. [abate. 
 
 Bate, V. t. To lessen; to 
 
 Ba-teau' (bat-to^), n. {pi. Ba- 
 teaux', bat-toz/.) A long 
 light boat, 
 
 Bath, n. {pi. Batiig.) A bath- 
 ing ; a place to bathe in. 
 
 Batiie, v. To wash or lie in 
 water. 
 
 Ba-tqn' (-tong^, \n. A staff 
 
 Ba-toon', ) or trun- 
 
 cheon, [fan try. 
 
 Bat-tal'ion, n. A body of in- 
 
 Bat'teix (bat/tn), v. t. To 
 make fat ; to fatten ; to form 
 or fasten with battens. — 
 V. i. To grow fat. — n. A 
 narrow piece of board. 
 
 Bat'ter, i\ t. To beat down. 
 — n. A mixture of flour, 
 water, eggs, &c. 
 
 B^t'ter-ing-ram, n. An en- 
 gine for beating down walls. 
 
 Bat'ter-y, n. A raised work 
 for cannons ; a bod\' of can- 
 non taken collectively ; ap- 
 paratus for containing or 
 producing electricity ; un- 
 lawful beating of another. 
 
 B^t'ting, n. Cotton or wool 
 in sheets for quilting. 
 
 B3.t'tle, n. A combat : an 
 encounter; a fight. — v. i. 
 To contend in fight. 
 
 Bat'tle-ax, ) n. A kind of 
 
 Bat'tle-axe, ) ax anciently 
 used in battle. 
 
 Bat'tle-door, n. An instru- 
 ment to strike shuttlecocks 
 with. 
 
 B3,t'tle-ment, n. A notched 
 or indented parapet or wall. 
 
 Baw'ble, n. A gewgaw ; trin- 
 ket ; trifle. [procuress. 
 
 Bawd, n. A lewd woman ; a 
 
 Bawd'y, a. Filthy ; obscene. 
 
 Bawl', V. t. To proclaim as a 
 crier. — v. i. To cry aloud. 
 
 Bay, V. i. To bark as a dog. 
 — a. Red inclining to chest- 
 nut. — n. Inlet of the sea ; 
 inclosure in a barn ; a tree. 
 
 Bay'ber-ry, n. Fruit of the 
 bay-tree ; a species of laurel ; 
 a plant (called also wax- 
 myrtle) and its fruit. 
 
 Bay'o-net, n. A sort of dag- 
 ger fixed to a gun. — v. t. 
 To stab with a bayonet. 
 
 Bay'pu (bi/c7o), n. Outlet of 
 a lake, &c. 
 
 Bay'-rum, n. A spirit ob- 
 tained b}^ distilling leaves of 
 the bay-tree. 
 
 Ba-zaar', ) n. An Eastern 
 
 Ba-zar', ) market-place or 
 exchange ; a fair. 
 
 Be, V. i. and auxiliary, [imp, 
 WAS ; p. p. BEEN.] To exist. 
 
 Beach, n. A sandy or pebbly 
 shore ; strand. 
 
 Bea'-eon (b3/kn), n. A signal 
 light to direct seamen. 
 
 Bead (18), 71. A Httle ball to 
 be strung on a thread. 
 
 Bea'dle, n. A crier or mes- 
 senger of a court ; an in- 
 ferior parish officer. 
 
 Bea'gle, n. A small hound. 
 
 Beak, n. The bill of a bird ; 
 any thing like a bird's bill. 
 
 Beak'er, n. A drinking-cup. 
 
 Beam, n. A main timber; 
 part of a balance ; ray of 
 light. — V. i. To shine. 
 
 Bean, n. A leguminous plant 
 and its seed. 
 
 Bear, v. t. [imp. bore ;p. p. 
 BORN,] To bring forth, as 
 
 5, e J 1, o, long; a, e, i, 6, ti, ^, short ; cure, clr, ask, (ill, what ; Cre, veil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
BEARABLE 
 
 39 
 
 BEGGAR 
 
 young; to produce. — v. t. 
 
 {imp. BORE ; p. p. BORNE.] 
 To carry ; to endure ; to sus- 
 tain ; to support. — v. i. To 
 suffer. — n. .^jEft^ _ 
 A kind <^^^VH||^ 
 ^vild animal ; ^H9|^B 
 a stockjobber ^^Cj^K 
 interested in 
 depressing the Bear, 
 yalue of stocks. 
 
 Bear'a-bic, a. Capable of 
 being borne ; tolerable. 
 
 Beard, n. Hair on the chin, 
 lips, and sides of the fncc. — 
 V. t. To take or pull by the 
 beard ; to oppose to the face. 
 
 Bcard'ed, a. Having a beard. 
 
 Bear'er, n. A carrier. 
 
 Bear'-gar'den (-dn), n. A 
 place where bears are kept 
 for sport. [mien. 
 
 Bear'ing, n. Deportment ; 
 
 Bcar'ish, a. Like a bear. 
 
 Beast, n. An irrational ani- 
 mal ; a brute. [brutal. 
 
 Beast'ly, a. Like a beast; 
 
 Beat, V. t. [imp. bear ; p. p. 
 BEAT, beaten.] To strike 
 ■with repeated blows ; to out- 
 do ; to surpass ; to conquer. 
 — V. i. To strike ; to dash ; 
 to throb, as a pulse. — n. 
 A stroke ; a blow. 
 
 Beat'en, 7?. of Beat. 
 
 Be^a-tifi^;, a. Making happy. 
 
 Ee-at'i-fi-€a'tion, n. Admis- 
 sion to heavenly honors. 
 
 Beat'ing, n. Act of striking. 
 
 Be-at'i-tude, w. Blessedness; 
 perfect bliss or felicity. 
 
 Beau (bo), n. {pi. Beaux, 
 boz.) A man of dress; a 
 lady's attendant ; a fop. 
 
 Beau I-de'al. A mental mod- 
 el of beauty or excellence. 
 
 Beau'te-ous, a. Beautiful ; 
 handsome ; fair. 
 
 Beau'ti-ful, a. Having the 
 qualities that constitute 
 beauty. — Syn. Handsome ; 
 fiiir ; elegant ; lovely. 
 
 Beau'ti-fy, v. t. To make 
 beautiful. — v. i. To grow 
 beautiful. — Syn. To adorn ; 
 grace ; embellish ; deck. 
 
 Beau'ty (bQ/ty), n. TThat- 
 ever pleases the e3-e or the 
 
 mind ; assemblage of graces ; 
 a lovely woman. 
 
 amphibious 
 quadruped and 
 his fur ; a hat. 
 Bc-ealm' (be- 
 
 kamO,t^. To Beaver, 
 quiet ; to calm ; to appease. 
 Be-€ame', imp. of Becoyne. 
 Be-€au§e', co)ij. For the 
 cause or reason that ; for ; 
 since ; as. [to befall. 
 
 Be-change', v. i. To happen ; 
 Beck, n. A sign with the 
 hand or head. — v. i. To 
 make a sign with the head 
 or hand ; to nod. — v. t. To 
 intimate a command to by a 
 nod or motion of the hand. 
 B6ck'on, V. t. To make a sig- 
 nificant sign to. — V. i. To 
 make a sign to another. 
 Be-€loud', V. t. To obscure. 
 Be-eome' (-kum/), v. t. 
 
 [imp. BECAME ; p p. BE- 
 COME.] To fit, or befit ; to 
 suit. — V. i. To be made ; to 
 be changed to. [graceful. 
 
 Be-com'ing, a. Suitable ; 
 
 Bed, V. t. To place in bed ; to 
 lay in order. 
 
 Be-dab'ble, v. t. To wet. 
 
 Be-da,sh', V. t. To wet by 
 spattering. [to daub. 
 
 Be-daub', v. t. To smear ; 
 
 Be-da,z'zle, v. t. To dazzle. 
 
 Bed'-bug, n. An ofTeusive 
 bug that infests beds. 
 
 Bed'-cham^ber, n. A cham- 
 ber for a bed. 
 
 Bed'-elotiies, n. Sheets, 
 blankets, coverlets, &c. 
 
 Bed'ding, n. Materials for 
 a bed. [trim. 
 
 Be-d6ck', v. t. To deck ; to 
 
 Be-dew' (be-da/), f- t. To 
 moisten with dew. 
 
 Bed'-feFlow, n. One lying 
 in the same bed. 
 
 Be-dim', v. t. To make dim. 
 
 Be-dl'zen (-dFzn), or Be- 
 diz'en (-diz/n), v. t. To 
 adorn tawdrily. 
 
 Bed'lam, n. A mad-house. 
 
 Bed'Iam-ite, n. A madman. 
 
 Bed'-quilt, n. A quilted 
 covering for a bed. 
 
 Be-dr5,g'gle, v. t. To soil. 
 Be -drench', v. t. To soak 
 
 completely ; to drench. 
 Bed'rid, ) a. Confined to 
 B6d'rid-den, j the bed. 
 Bed'room, n. A room for a 
 
 bed. 
 
 Bgd'slde, n. Side of a bed. 
 B6d'gt6ad, n. A frame for a 
 bed. 
 
 Bed'time, n. Usual hour of 
 going to bed. 
 
 Bee (18), n. An insect that 
 makes honey. 
 
 Eee'-br6ad, n. The pollen of 
 flowers collected by bees. 
 
 Beech, n. A forest- tree. 
 
 Beech'en, a. Belonging to, 
 or made of, beech. 
 
 Beef, n. The flesh of an ox 
 or cow ; an animal of the 
 ox-kind. [In the latter sense 
 it has a pi.., Beeveg.] 
 
 Beefsteak, n. A slice of 
 beef for broiling. 
 
 Bee'-hiv(?, w. A box or cose 
 for holding bees. 
 
 Been (bin), p. p. of Be. 
 
 Beer, n. A liquor made of 
 malt and hops. [by bees. 
 
 Bee§'-w5,x, n. Wax s^ecreted 
 
 Beet, n. A garden vegetable. 
 
 Bee'tle, n. A mallet ; an in- 
 sect. — V. i. To hang over. 
 
 Beeve§, n.pl. of Beef. Cattle. 
 
 Be-fall' (16), i*. t. [imp. be- 
 fell ; //. p. BEFALLEN.] 
 To happen to. — v. i. To 
 happen ; to occur. 
 
 Be-fit', V. t. To become ; suit. 
 
 Be-fit'ting, a. Suiting ; be- 
 coming, [of. 
 
 Be-fdbl', V. t. To make a fool 
 
 Be-fore', prep. In front of ; 
 prior to ; in presence of. — 
 adv. Previously ; sooner. 
 
 Be-fore'hand, ariv. Previous- 
 ly. — a. Well provided. 
 
 Be-foul', V. t. To pollute. 
 
 Be-friend', v. t. To favor. 
 
 Beg, V. t. To ask earnestly ; 
 to solicit. • — V. i. To live 
 on aims ; to ask for alms. 
 
 Be-get', V. t. [imp. begat ; 
 
 p.p. BEGOT, BEGOTTEN.] 
 To generate or produce. 
 BSg'gar, n. One who begs, 
 or who lives by begging. — 
 
 son, or, dQ, w^lf, tub, idols.', 6rn, rjje, p\^il ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ; e^ist ; Q as ng; tills. 
 
BEGGARLINESS 
 
 40 
 
 BENIGNITY 
 
 V. t. To bring to want ; to 
 reduce to beggary. 
 
 BSg'gar-li-ness, n. State of 
 being beggarly ; meanness. 
 
 B6g'gar-ly, a. Very poor ; 
 mean. — adv. Meanly. 
 
 B§g'gar-y, n. Extreme in- 
 digence or poverty. 
 
 Be-gin', V. t. [imp, began ; 
 p. p. BEGUN.] To take rise ; 
 to commence; to do the first 
 act. - [gins. 
 
 Be-gin'ner, n. One who be- 
 
 Be-gin'ning, n. First cause, 
 state, or part ; commence- 
 ment. 
 
 Be-glrd.', v. t. [imp. be gird- 
 ed ; p. p. BEGIRT.] To 
 surround ; to gird. 
 
 Be-g6ne', interj. Go away! 
 
 Be-grime', v. t. To soil. 
 
 Be-grudge', v. t. To envy 
 the possession of; to grudge. 
 
 Be-guile', v.t.To impose up- 
 on ; to deceive ; to amuse. 
 
 Be-gun', p.p. of Begin. 
 
 Be-half, n. Favor ; cause ; 
 account ; sake ; defense. 
 
 Be-have', v. i. or t. To carry ; 
 to act ; to demean. 
 
 Be-hav'ior, n. Manner of be- 
 having ; a course of life. — 
 Syn. Conduct ; deportment. 
 
 Be-h6ad', v. t. To cut off the 
 head of. 
 
 Be-held', imp. of Behold. 
 
 Be'he-moth, n. A large beast 
 described in Job xl. 
 
 Be-hest', n. A command ; 
 mandate; injunction. 
 
 Be-hind', prep. At the back 
 of. — adv. At or towards 
 the rear. [rears. 
 
 Be-hmd'h&nd, adv. In ar- 
 
 Be-hold', V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 BEHELD.] To see ; to look 
 at. — interj. Lo ! see ! 
 
 Be-hold'en, a. Indebted. 
 
 Be-hold'er, n. One who be- 
 holds ; a spectator. [tage. 
 
 Be-hdbf, n. Profit ; advan- 
 
 Be-hobve', v. t. To be neces- 
 sary to ; to be fit or meet 
 for ; to become. 
 
 Be'ing, n. Existence; any 
 thing that exists. 
 
 Bs-la'bor, v. t. To beat 
 
 soundly. 
 Be-late', v. t. To make late ; 
 
 to delay ; to retard, [layed. 
 Be-lat'ed, a. Detained ; de- 
 Be-lay', v. t. To fasten, as a 
 
 rope, by winding it round 
 
 something. 
 Belch, V. t. To eject wind 
 
 from the stomach. 
 BSl'dam, n. An ugly old 
 
 woman ; a hag. [siege. 
 Be-lea'guer, v. t. To be- 
 Bel'fry (19), n. A place where 
 
 bells are rung. 
 Be-lie', V. t. To speak falsely 
 
 of ; to vilify ; to slander. 
 Be-lief, n. Credit given to 
 
 evidence ; thing believed. 
 Be-lieve', v. To trust in ; to 
 
 give credit to. [lieves. 
 Be-liev'er, n. One who be- 
 Bell (!),«• A sounding vessel 
 
 of metal. — v. i. To grow 
 
 like a bell. [night-shade. 
 BePla-don'na, n. Deadly 
 Belle (bel), n. A handsome 
 
 young lady. 
 BSlles-leftres (bel-let/ter), 
 
 n. pi. Polite literature. 
 Bel-lig'er-ent, a. Carrying 
 
 on war. — n. One who wages 
 
 war. 
 
 Bell'man (21), n. One who 
 rings a bell ; a crier of goods. 
 
 Bell'-m6t/al (-met^l or -mW- 
 al), n. A composition of 
 which bells are made. 
 
 BSl'low, V. i. To roar like a 
 bull. — 71. An outcry ; a roar. 
 
 Bel'lows (bel'lus), n. sing. & 
 pi. A machine to blow with. 
 
 Bell'-weth^er, n. A sheep 
 which carries a bell, and 
 leads the flock. 
 
 Bel'ly, n. Part of the body 
 containing the bowels ; ab- 
 domen.— f. r. To bulge; 
 to project ; to swell. 
 
 Bel'ly-a€he, n. Pain in the 
 bowels. [horse. 
 
 Bel'ly-bllnd,n. A girth for a 
 
 Be-16ng', v. i. To be the 
 property of ; to adhere. 
 
 Be-16ved',p. p. Greatly loved. 
 
 Be-16v'ed (-luv^ed), a. Dear ; 
 much loved. 
 
 Be-low', prep. Under in time 
 
 or place ; beneath ; inferior 
 
 to. — adv. In a lower place ; 
 
 beneath ; on earth ; in hell. 
 Belt, n. A girdle ; sash ; band. 
 Be-mire', v. t. To sink or 
 
 drag in the mire. 
 Be-moan', v. t. To lament. 
 B6nch, n. A long seat ; a 
 
 judge's seat ; body of judges ; 
 
 a court. 
 BSnch'er, n. A senior in the 
 
 English inns of court. 
 Bend, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 BENDED, BENT.] To crOOk ; 
 
 to bow ; to submit. — n. A 
 
 curve or flexure. 
 Be-neath' {or -neetW), prep. 
 
 Lower than; under; below. 
 
 — adv. In a lower place. 
 Ben'e-di-et, l n. A newly- 
 Ben'e-dick, ) married man. 
 Ben^e-di^'tion, n. Blessing ; 
 
 invocation of happiness ; 
 
 thanks. 
 
 Ben/e-f3,-e'tion, n. Charita- 
 ble gift ; donation. 
 
 B6n/e-fa€'tor, n. One who 
 confers a benefit. 
 
 Ben^e-fae'tress, n. She who 
 confers a benefit. [ing. 
 
 Ben'e-fige, n. A church liv- 
 
 Be-nefi-Qenge, n. Active 
 goodness ; bounty. 
 
 Be-nef i-Qent, a. Delighting 
 in good works ; charitable. 
 
 Ben'e-fi'cial (-fish/al), a. 
 Useful ; advantageous. 
 
 Ben^e-fi'ci-a-ry (-fish/i-a-), 
 n. One who holds a bene- 
 fice ; one benefited or as- 
 sisted by another. 
 
 Ben'e-fit, n. Advantage ; 
 profit ; favor conferred. — 
 V. t. To do good to. 
 
 Be-nev'o-lenge, n. Disposi- 
 tion to do good ; good-will ; 
 benignity ; kindness. 
 
 Be-nev'o-lent, a. Having 
 good will: kind; affection- 
 ate : friendly. 
 
 Be-mght' (-nltO, v- 1. To in- 
 volve in night or darkness. 
 
 Be-nign' (-nmO, a. Gracious; 
 kind ; generous ; benevolent. 
 
 Be-nig'nant, a. Gracious ; 
 kind ; fixvorable. 
 
 Be-nig'ni-ty, n. Gracious- 
 ness ; favor ; kindness. 
 
 si, e, I, o, ti, Sflong ; fi, 6, 1, 6, u, 5^, short ; cSre, car, ask, all, wh^t } ere, v§il, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
BENISON 
 
 41 
 
 BICKERING 
 
 B6n'i-son, n. A blessing. 
 B6nt, imp. & p. p. of Bend.— 
 
 n. A curve ; tendency. 
 Be-numb' (i)e-nnmO, v.t.To 
 
 deprive of feeling. 
 Ben-zoin', n. A resinous 
 
 juice. 
 
 Be-prai§e', v. t. To praise 
 extravagantly. [by will. 
 
 Ee-queath', v. U To give 
 
 Be-qu6st', n. A legacy left 
 by will. 
 
 Be-rate', v. t. To scold. 
 
 Be-reave', v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 BEREAVED, BEREFT.] To 
 make destitute ; to deprive ; 
 to take away from. [tion. 
 Be-reave'ment, n. Depriva- 
 
 Be-r6ft', imp. & p. p. of 
 Bereave. [ron. 
 
 B5r'ga-m6t, n. A pear ; a cit- 
 
 Ber'ry (19), n. Any small 
 pulpy fruit containing seeds. 
 
 Berth, n. A ship's station at 
 anchor ; a place in a ship to 
 sleep in ; official situation. 
 
 B§r'yl, n. A greenish mineral. 
 • Be-seech', v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 BESOUGHT.] To entreat ; 
 to pray ; to beg ; to implore. 
 
 Be-seem', v. t. To become ; 
 to befit. 
 
 Be-s6t', V. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 BESET.] To set on, in, or 
 round ; to besiege ; to way- 
 lay ; to perplex ; to harass. 
 
 Be-set'ting, a. Habitually 
 attending or harassing. 
 
 Be-shrewM-shruO, 'y- ^- To 
 wish a curse to ; to execrate. 
 
 Be-side', prep. At the side 
 of; out of; over and above. 
 [In the last sense, written 
 also besides.] j 
 
 Be-side§', adv. Over and 
 above. — prep. Over and 
 above ; in addition to. 
 
 Be-siege', v. t. To lay siege 
 to ; to beset. 
 
 Be-sl6b'ber, v. t. To smear 
 with spittle running from 
 the mouth. [over. 
 
 Be-smear', v. t. To smear 
 
 Be'som, n. A brush of twigs. 
 
 Be-s6t', V. t. To make sot- 
 tish ; to infatuate. 
 
 Be-s6ught' (be-sawt^), imp. 
 8c p. p. of Beseech. 
 
 Be-spa,t'ter, v. t. To soil by 
 spattering. 
 
 Be-speak', v. t. [imp. be- 
 spoke ; p. p. BESPOKEN ] 
 To speak for beforehand ; to 
 foretell ; to betoken. 
 
 Be-sprink'le, v. t. To scatter 
 or sprinkle over. 
 
 B§st,a.,.<;M/7cr/. of Good. Most 
 good ; most advanced or 
 complete. — adv.^ superl. of 
 Well. In the highest degree. 
 — n. Utmost. 
 
 Bgsaial (bGst/yal), a. Be- 
 longing to a beast ; brutal ; 
 carnal. [move quick. 
 
 Be-stir', V. t. To cause to 
 
 Be-stow', V. t. To stow ; to 
 make use of ; to give. 
 
 Be-stow'al, I n. Act of 
 
 Be-stov/'ment, I bestowing. 
 
 Be-Strew' (-stn^/ or -strG^, 
 V. t. To scatter over. 
 
 Be-stride', v. t. [iyvp. be- 
 
 STRID or BESTRODE ; p. p. 
 BESTRID, BESTRIDDEN.] 
 To sit or stand with the legs 
 extended across. 
 
 B6t, n. A wager; stake. — v. 
 t. [imp. & p. p. BETTED.] 
 To lay a wager. 
 
 Be-take', v. t. [imp. be- 
 took ; p. p. BETAKEN.] 
 To have recourse ; to apply. 
 
 Be'tel (bG'tl), n. A species of 
 pepper in the East Indies. 
 
 Be-think', v. t. & i. [imp. 
 BETHOUGHT.] To reflect ; 
 to recollect ; to consider. 
 
 Be-tide', t*. To befall ; to oc- 
 cur ; to happen to. 
 
 Be-time', I adv. In good 
 
 Be-time§', ) time ; early. 
 rBe-to'ken, v. t. To signify. 
 
 Be-tdbk', imp. of Betake. 
 
 Be- tray', v. t. To give up or 
 disclose treacherously ; to 
 indicate. 
 
 Be-tray'al, n. Act of betray- 
 ing : breach of trust. 
 
 Be-tr6th', v. t. To pledge 
 marriage to. [marriage. 
 
 Be-tr6th'al, n. Contract of 
 
 Bet'ter, a., compar. of Good. 
 More good ; superior. — v. 
 t. To make better. — Syn. 
 To improve ; mend ; ad- 
 vance. 
 
 Bet'ter-ment, n. Improve- 
 ment. 
 
 BSt'terf , n. pi. Superiors. 
 
 Bet'ty, n. A burglar's instru- 
 ment to break open doors. 
 
 Be-tween', I prep. In the 
 
 Be-twixt', j middle. 
 
 Bev'el (8), n. 
 Slant of a sur- 
 face ; a kind of j^ - _ 
 square used by ? 
 masons, &c. — Bevel. 
 V. t. To cut to a bevel. 
 
 B6v'er-age, n. Liquor for 
 drinking. [company. 
 
 Bev'y. n. A flock of birds ; a 
 
 Be-wail', v. t. To lament ; 
 to grieve for. 
 
 Be-ware',f. /• To be cautious. 
 
 Be-wil'der, v. t. To puzzle ; 
 to perplex. 
 
 Be-witch', V. t. To charm ; 
 to fascinate ; to enchant. 
 
 Be-witch'ing, a. Having 
 power to charm ; fascinat- 
 ing, [ernor. 
 
 Bey°(b!\), n. A Turkish gov- 
 
 Be-y6nd', prep. On the fur- 
 ther side of. — adv. At a 
 distance. 
 
 Bez'el, n. The part of a ring 
 in which the stone is set. 
 
 Bi'as, n. Weight on one side ; 
 partiality; propensity. — r. 
 t. (8) To incline to one side. 
 
 Bib, n. A cloth worn by 
 children under the chin. 
 
 Bib'ber, n. A drinker. 
 
 Bi'ble, n. The book that con- 
 tains the sacred Scriptures. 
 
 Bib'li-cal, a. Relating to the 
 Bible. 
 
 Bibai-6g/ra-pher, n. One 
 versed in bibliography. 
 
 Bib^li-o-graph'i€-al, a. Per- 
 taining to a description of 
 books. 
 
 Bib^li-dg'ra-phy, n. A his- 
 tory or account of books. 
 
 Bib/li-o-ma'ni-a-c, n. Ono 
 who has a rage for books. 
 
 Bfb'u-lous, a. Apt to imbibe. 
 
 BI-g6ph'a-lous, a. Having 
 two heads. 
 
 Bick'er, r. i. To contend 
 petulantly about trifles. 
 
 Bick'er-ing, n. Petulant con- 
 tention. 
 
 s6u, or, dQ, wQlf, to-Q, t(5bk ; <irn, rjje, pyill ; 9, ^, soft; c, g, hard; as ; epst ; Q as ng ; tliis. 
 
BID 
 
 42 
 
 BITING 
 
 Bid, V. t. [pret. BID, BADE ; 
 p. p. BID, BIDDEN.] To of- 
 fer ; to command ; to order. 
 — n. An offer of a price. 
 
 Bid'den ( bid^dn ), p. p. of Bid. 
 
 Bid'ding, n. An invitation ; 
 command ; offer of price. 
 
 Bide, V. t. To dwell. — i). i. 
 To endure ; to wait for. 
 
 Bl-en'ni-al, a. Happening 
 every two years ; continuing 
 for two. years. [the dead. 
 
 Bier, n. A carriage to bear 
 
 Bi-fa'ri-ous, a. In two rows. 
 
 Bi'fid, a. Opening with a 
 cleft. 
 
 BPform, a. Having two forms. 
 
 Bl-fur'-eate, ) a. Having 
 
 Bi-fur'-ea-ted, j two forks 
 or branches. 
 
 BPfur-ea'tion, n. A forking 
 into two branches. 
 
 Big, n. Large ; great ; huge ; 
 swollen ; pregnant. 
 
 Big'a-mist, n. One who has 
 two wives or two husbands 
 at the same time. 
 
 Big'a-my, n. Crime of hav- 
 ing two wives or two hus- 
 bands at once. [vessel. 
 
 Big'gin, n. A small wooden 
 
 Bight (bit), n. Bend in a sea- 
 coast ; bend or coil of a rope. 
 
 Big'ness, w. Size ; bulk. 
 
 Big'ot, n. One unreasonably 
 devoted to a party or creed. 
 
 Big'ot-ed (8), a. Illiberal. 
 
 Big'ot-ry, n. Excessive prej- 
 udice ; blind zeal. 
 
 Bil'ber-ry, ti. A shrub, and 
 its fruit. 
 
 Bil'bo, w. A rapier ; sword. 
 
 BiPbaes (18), M. pL A kind of 
 stocks for the feet. [liver. 
 
 Bile, 71. A fluid secreted by the 
 
 Bilge, n. The protuberant 
 part of a cask ; broadest 
 part of a ship's bottom. — 
 ^'. i. To leak from fracture 
 in the bilge. 
 
 Bilge'-wa^ter, n. Offensive 
 water iri a ship's hold. 
 
 Bil'ia-ry, a. Belonging to, 
 or partaking of, the bile. 
 
 Bi-lm'gual, a. Having or 
 ppeaking two languages. 
 
 Bil'lous (bil/yus), a. Pertain- 
 ing to bile. 
 
 Bilk, V. t. To defraud; to 
 deceive. 
 
 Bill, n. Beak of a bird ; an 
 account ; a note ; draft of a 
 law or act. — v. To caress. 
 
 Bil'let, n. A small note or 
 letter; a stick of wood. — 
 V. t. To quarter, as soldiers 
 in private houses. 
 
 Billet-doux (bil/le-d(7o'), n. 
 A love-letter. 
 
 Bill'iard§, n. pi. A game 
 played on a kind of table 
 with balls and sticks. 
 
 BilPing§-gate, w. Foul lan- 
 guage. 
 
 Bill'ion (biFyun), n. In Eng. 
 a million of millions ; in 
 Ayner. a thousand millions. 
 
 BiPlow, n. A large wave. 
 
 BiP16w-y, a. Swelling like 
 a wave. [commodity. 
 
 Bin, n. A repository for any 
 
 Bi'na-ry, a. Composed of two. 
 
 Bi'nate, a. Being in couples. 
 
 Bind, V. t. or i. [imp. & p.p. 
 BOUND.] To tie; to con- 
 fine ; to restrain ; to oblige 
 by kindness ; to confirm ; to 
 form a border round ; to 
 make costive. — v. i. To be- 
 come contracted ; to be ob- 
 ligatory. 
 
 Bind'er, n. One who binds 
 books. [ing books. 
 
 Bind'er-y, n. Place for bind- 
 
 Bind'ing, n. A bandage ; 
 cover of a book. 
 
 Bin'na-ele, n. Com- 
 pass-box of a ship. 
 
 Bi-no-e'u-lar, a. 
 Having two eyes. i^W^^ 
 
 Bi-no'mi-al, a. Hav- f^^^M 
 ing two names. I 
 
 Bi-6g'ra-pher, n. A \m^^ 
 writer of biog- Nn.*^ 
 raphy. Binnacle. 
 
 Bi^o-graph'i-e-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the history of a per- 
 son's life. 
 
 Bi-6g'ra-phy, n. A history 
 of one's life and character. 
 
 Bi-61'o-gy, n. Science of life. 
 
 Bi-par'tite, or Bip'ar-tite, 
 a. Capable of being divided 
 into two parts. 
 
 BPpar-ti'tion (-tlsh/un), n. 
 Division into two parts. 
 
 BT'ped, n. An animal having 
 
 only two feet. 
 Bi-quad'rate, n. The fourth 
 
 power ; square of a square. 
 Bi/quad-rat'i€, a. Relating 
 
 to the fourth power of a 
 
 quantity. [species. 
 Birch, n. A tree of several 
 Birch'en, a. Made of birch. 
 Bird, n. A feathered, flying 
 
 animal. [keep birds in. 
 
 Bird'-eage, n. A cage to 
 Bird'§'-eye, a. Seen as if by 
 
 a flying bird above. 
 Bird'-lime, n. A glutinous 
 
 substance to catch birds. 
 Birth, n. The act of coming 
 
 into life ; lineage ; origin. 
 Birth'day, n. Bay, or anni- 
 versary of the day, of one's 
 
 birth. [one is born. 
 
 Birth'-plage, n. Place where 
 Birth'- right (-rTt), n. The 
 
 right or privilege to which 
 
 one is bom. 
 Bis'-euit (-kit), n. A kind of 
 
 small baked cake. 
 Bi-s6et', V. t. To divide into 
 
 two (usually equal) parts. 
 Bi-se-e'tion, n. A division 
 
 into two equal parts. 
 Bi-seg'ment, n. One of the 
 
 parts of any thing bisected. 
 Bi sh'op , n . Head of a diocese. 
 Bish'op-ri-e, n. Jurisdiction 
 
 of a bishop ; a diocese. 
 Big'muth, n. A reddishv 
 
 white metal. 
 
 larl y cafied " -r^. ' 
 buffalo. ^'^0°- 
 
 Bis-sgx'tile, n. Leap-year. 
 
 Bis'ter, ) n. A brown paint 
 
 Bis'tre, ) made of soot. 
 
 Bit, n. The iron mouth- 
 piece of a bridle ; a morsel j 
 a boring-tocl. 
 
 Bitch, n. A she-dog. 
 
 Bite, f. t. [imp. BIT ; p. p. 
 BITTEN.] To seize or crush 
 with the teeth ; to cheat ; to 
 trick. — n. Act of biting. 
 
 Bit'ing (11), a. Sharp ; se- 
 vere : sarcastic ; caustic. 
 
 5,e,I,o,u,y,Zong'/ i, 6,G, 
 
 short; cSre, car, ^sk, all, wh^t ; Sre, vgil, tCrm ; pYque, fTrmi 
 
BITTEN 
 
 43 
 
 BLISTER 
 
 Bit'ten {hWtn),p. p. of Bite, 
 
 BIt'ter, a. Having a peculiar, 
 acrid, biting taste ; sharp ; 
 vsevere; afflictive. 
 
 Bit'tern, n. A wading-bird 
 allied to the heron. 
 
 Bit'ter-ness, n. A bitter 
 taste. [drink. 
 
 Bit'ter§, n. pi. A bitter 
 
 Bi-tu'men, n. An inflamma- 
 ble substance of a strong 
 smell. [bitumen. 
 
 Bi-tu'mi-nous, a. Containing 
 
 Bi'valve, n. That which has 
 two valves. [valves. 
 
 Bi-vaiv'u-lar, a. Having two 
 
 Biv'ouS,€ (biv/wak), v. i. To 
 be on watch all night, as an 
 army. — n. A watching by- 
 night, as of a whole army. 
 
 BlS.b, V. To tell a secret ; to 
 tattle. — n. A tell-tale. 
 
 B13,ck, a. Destitute of light ; 
 very dark ; cloudy ; dismal. 
 — 71. A negro ; the darkest 
 of colors. — V. t. To make 
 black ; to blacken, 
 
 B13,ck'a-mobr, n. A negro. 
 
 Bl^ck'-art, n. Magic. 
 
 Bl^ck'ball, n. A composition 
 for blackening shoes ; a ball 
 of black color used as a neg- 
 ative in voting. — v. t. To 
 reject by black ballots. 
 
 Bl^ck'bgr-ry, n. The berry 
 of the bramble. 
 
 Black'bird, n. A kind of 
 singing bird of a black color. 
 
 Black'b5ard, n. A board 
 painted black used for writ- 
 ing on with chalk. 
 
 Biack'-c3,t'tle, n. pi. Oxen, 
 cows, &c., of any color. 
 
 Bl^iCk'en, V. To make or grow 
 black ; to defame. 
 
 Bl&ck'guard (blag^gard), n. 
 A person who uses foul lan- 
 guage, [black. 
 
 B13.ck'ish, a. Somewhat 
 
 B13,ck'-lead, n. A mineral ; 
 plumbago. 
 
 B13.ck'leg, n. A notorious 
 gambler and cheat ; sharper. 
 
 BiackMet^ter, n. The old 
 English letter or character. 
 
 Biack'ness, n. A black 
 color, [who works in iron. 
 
 B13,ck'sinith, n. A smith 
 
 Biack'thdrn, n. A spiny 
 plant used for hedges. 
 
 BIM'der, n. A vessel in the 
 body containing some liquid, 
 as the urine. 
 
 Blade, n. A spire of grass ; 
 cutting part of an instru- 
 ment ; flat part of an oar. 
 
 Blain, n. A blister; blotch. 
 
 Blam'a-ble (11), a. Deserving 
 blame ; culpable ; faulty. 
 
 Blame, v. t. To censure ; to 
 charge with a fault. — n. 
 Expression of disapproba- 
 tion ; imputation of a fjiult. 
 
 Blame'less, a. Without 
 blame. 
 
 Blame 'wor-thy (-wur/thy), 
 a. Deserving blame ; cen- 
 surable. 
 
 Blanch, v. To whiten ; to peel. 
 
 Blanc-mange' (blo-monj'), n. 
 A preparation of isinglass, 
 milk, sugar, &c., boiled. 
 
 Bl§.nd, a. Courteous ; mild ; 
 soft ; gentle. 
 
 B13,nd'ish, v. t. To smooth ; 
 to soften ; to caress. 
 
 B15,nd'ish-ment, n. Soothing 
 words ; artful caresses. 
 
 B13.nk, a. White ; pale ; un- 
 written ; without rhyme. — 
 n. Any void space. 
 
 Blank'et, n. A woolen cov- 
 ering for a bed. 
 
 Blar'ney,M. Smooth, deceit- 
 ful talk ; flattery. 
 
 Blas-pheme', v. t. To speak 
 impiously of, as of God. — 
 V. i. To utter blasphemy. 
 
 Blas'phe-mous, a. Contain- 
 ing bl.asphemy. 
 
 Blas'phe-my, 71. Language 
 uttered impiously against 
 God or sacred things. 
 
 Blast, n. A di^structivewind ; 
 a forcible stream of air ; 
 blight; explosion of powder. 
 — V. f: To cause to wither ; 
 to split vs^ith powder; to 
 injure. [calf. 
 
 Bla'tant, a. Bellowing, as a 
 
 Blaze, 1'. i. To shine or burn 
 with flame. — v. t. To make 
 public. — n. A flame. 
 
 Bla'zon (bla/zn), v. t. To dis- 
 play with ostentation. — n. 
 The art of heraldry ; show. 
 
 Bla^zon-ry, n. The art of 
 
 describing coats of arms. 
 Bleach, v. t. or i. To Ayhiten. 
 Bleach'er-y, n. A place for 
 bleaching. [less. 
 Bleak, a. Open ; cold ; cheer- 
 Blear, a. Dim or sore with 
 rheum. 
 
 Blear'-eyed (-Id), a. Having 
 eyes dim with rheum. 
 
 Bleat, V. To cry like a sheep. 
 
 Bleat, ) n. The cry of a 
 
 Bleat'ing, j sheep or lamb. 
 
 Bleed, v. i. [iinp. & p. p. 
 BLED.] To let blood. 
 
 Blem'ish, v. t. To disfigui-e ; 
 to tarnish ; to defame. — n. 
 Mark of deformity ; dis- 
 grace ; taint. [flinch. 
 
 Blench, v. t. To shrink; to 
 
 Blend, v. t. To confound in 
 a mass ; to mingle together. 
 
 Bless, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 BLE.SSED or BLEST.] To 
 make happy ; to wish hap- 
 piness to ; to praise. [ly 
 
 Bless'ed, a. Happy ; heaven- 
 Bless 'ing, n. Divine favor ; 
 benediction. 
 
 B16st, imp. & p. p. of Bless. 
 
 Blew(blu) imp. of Blow. 
 
 Blight (bllt),n. A disease; 
 mildew; decay. — v. t. To 
 affect with blight ; to blast. 
 
 Blind, a. Destitute of sight ; 
 dark; obscure. — v. t. To 
 prevent from seeing ; to 
 darken. — n. Any thing that 
 intercepts the sight. 
 
 Blmd'fold, a. Having the 
 eyes covered. — v. t. To 
 cover the eyes of. 
 
 Bllnd'-man's-buff'', n. A 
 kind of gaine. [ignorance, 
 
 Blind'ness, n. Want of sight ; 
 
 Blmd'-side, n. The side most 
 assailable ; foible ; weakness. 
 
 Blink, V. i. To wink ; to see 
 darkly. — v. t. To avoid ; to 
 evade. — n. Glimpse ; glance 5 
 a dazzling whiteness. 
 
 Bliss, n. The highest happi- 
 ness ; felicity. [blessed. 
 
 Bliss'ful (17), a. Very happy ; 
 
 Blis'ter, n. A thin watery 
 bladder on the skin. — v. t. 
 To raise blisters upon, — v. i. 
 To rise in blisters. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wolf, tcTo, tdbk ; dm, rjje, p\,ill; p, ^, soft; -e, g, hard ; ; ejist ; n as ng; this. 
 
BLTTHE 
 
 Blithe, \ a. Gay ; mer- 
 
 Blithe'sdme, j ry ; joyous. 
 
 Bloat, V. t. To cause to 
 swell. — V. i. To puff up. 
 
 Bloat'ed, a. Puffed ; swelled. 
 
 Block, n. A piece of wood, 
 stone, &c. ; a pulley. — v. t. 
 To shut or stop up. 
 
 Block-ade', n. The shutting 
 up of a place by troops or 
 ships. — V. t. To surround 
 with a force ; to shut up. 
 
 Block'head, n. A person of 
 dull intellect, [wooden fort. 
 
 B16ck'-house, n. A sort of 
 
 BI6ck'ish, a. Stupid. 
 
 Blood (blQd), n. The red 
 fluid which circulates in an- 
 imals ; kindred ; race ; life. 
 
 Blood'-guilVi-ness, n. Guilt 
 of shedding blood unlaw- 
 fully. 
 
 Blood'-heat, n. Heat of the 
 same degree as the blood. 
 
 Blood'-hound, 
 n. A ferocious 
 kind of dog. 
 
 Blood'less, a. 
 Without blood. Blood-hound. 
 
 Blood'shed, n. Slaughter. 
 
 B16od'sh6t, a. Red and in- 
 flamed with blood. 
 
 B16od'-suck/er, n. A leech ; 
 a cruel man. [blood. 
 
 Blood'-thirst^y, a. Eager for 
 
 Blood'-ves^sel, n. An artery 
 or vein. [blood. 
 
 Blood'y, a. Stained with 
 
 Bloom, n. Blossom; flower; 
 the flush on 'the cheek; a 
 mass of crude iron. — v. t. 
 To yield blossoms. 
 
 Bloom'ing, a. Thriving with 
 youth, health, and beauty. 
 
 Bloom'y, a. Full of bloom. 
 
 Blos'soin, n. The flower of a 
 plant. —V. i. To put forth 
 blossoms. 
 
 Blot (7), V. t. To stain; to 
 spot ; to efface. — n. Spot. 
 
 Blotch, n. An inflamed spot 
 on the skin. — v. t. To 
 mark with spots. 
 
 Blot'ter, 71. A waste-book. 
 
 Blouse, ) n. A light, loose 
 
 Blowse, i outer garment. 
 
 Blov7, n. A stroke ; calam- 
 ity ; egg of a fly. — v. i. [imp. 
 
 44 
 
 BLEW ; p. p. BLOWN.] To 
 make a current of air ; to 
 pant ; to puff ; to breathe ; 
 to blossom. — V. t. To drive 
 by a current of air ; to de- 
 posit, as flies their eggs. 
 
 Blow'er, n. A plate of iron 
 to increase a current of air. 
 
 Blow'-pipe, n. A tube by 
 which a current of air is 
 forced through flame upon 
 any substance. 
 
 Blowze, n. A ruddy woman. 
 
 Blow'zy, a. Ruddy and fat, 
 
 Blub'ber, n. Fat of whales. 
 
 — V. i. To weep so as to 
 swell the cheeks. [club. 
 
 Blud'geon, n. A short, thick 
 Blue, a. Of a color called 
 blue. — n. One of the seven 
 primary colors. — v. t. To 
 dye, stain, or make blue. 
 Blues, n. pi. Lowness of 
 spirits. [ary lady. 
 
 Blue'-stockdng, n. A liter- 
 Bluff, a. Roughly frank ; 
 steep ; bold. — n. A steep 
 bank overhanging the sea or 
 a river, [degree. 
 BJu'ish, a. Blue in a small 
 iSlun'der, v. i. To mistake 
 grossly. — n. A gross mis- 
 take. — Syn. Error; bull. 
 Blun'der-buss, n. A short 
 
 gun with large bore. 
 Blun'der-head, n. A stupid 
 person. 
 
 Blunt, a. Dull on the edge 
 
 or point ; rough ; rude ; 
 
 abrupt. — V. t. To dull ; 
 
 to depress ; to weaken, 
 Blunt'ly, adv. In a blunt 
 
 manner. 
 Blur, n. A blot ; spot ; stain. 
 
 — V. t. (7) To obscure 
 without quite effacing; to 
 stain ; to spot. [vertently. 
 
 Blurt, V. t. To utter inad- 
 
 Blush, V. i. To redden in the 
 face. — n. A sudden red- 
 dening of the cheeks. 
 
 Blush'ing, n. Act of turning 
 red. — a. Reddish. 
 
 Blus'ter(8), ^•. i. To roar; to 
 boast ; to bully. — n. A 
 roar ; tumult ; swagger. 
 
 Blus'ter-ing, n. Tumult ; 
 noise ; boasting. 
 
 BOIL 
 
 Bo'i (18), n. The largest 
 kind of serpent, — often 
 called Boa constrictor j a 
 tippet. 
 
 Boar, n. A male swine. 
 
 Board, n. A piece of timber 
 sawed thin and broad ; a 
 table ; food ; a council ; deck 
 of a ship. — V. t. To lay 
 with boards ; to enter by 
 force, as a ship ; to feed. — 
 V. i. To receive food. 
 
 Board'er, n. One who boards. 
 
 Board'ing-s€hdbl, n. A 
 school where the pupils 
 board with the teacher. 
 
 Boast, V. i. or t. To talk os- 
 tentatiously ; to vaunt. — n. 
 A vaunting speech. 
 
 Boast'ful, a. Given to boast- 
 ing ; vainglorious. 
 
 Boat, n. A small open vessel. 
 
 Boat'iiian (21), n. One who 
 manages a boat. 
 
 B5at'swain (bo^'sn), n. An 
 officer in a ship, who has 
 charge of boats, rigging, &c. 
 
 Bob, n. Any thing that plays 
 loosely, as at the end. of a 
 string. 
 
 B6b'bin, n. A small pin on 
 
 which thread is wound for 
 
 makjng lace. 
 Bdb'tail, n. A short tail. 
 Bock'ing, n. A kind of baize. 
 Bode, V. t. To presage. — v. i. 
 
 To be an omen. 
 Bod'ige, or Bbd'dige, n. A 
 
 sort of stays ; corset. 
 B6d'i-ly (13), a. Relating to 
 
 the body. 
 Bdd'kin, n. An instrument 
 
 for making holes ; a dagger. 
 Bod'y, n. The whole trunk 
 
 of an animal ; person ; main 
 
 part ; bulk ; mass ; system. 
 
 — v. t. To give a body or 
 form to. [the person. 
 
 Bod'y-guard, n. A guard of 
 
 Bog, n. A fen or morass. 
 
 Bog'gle, V. i. Sc t. To hesi- 
 tate from fear of difficulties. 
 
 B6g'gy, a. Marshy ; swampy. 
 
 Bo-hea', n. A coarse kind of 
 black tea. 
 
 Boil, n. A sore swelling. — v. 
 i. To bubble through heat. 
 
 — v.t. To cause to boil. 
 
 a, e, T, 5, u, y, long ; 5, g, I, 6, Q, 
 
 , f y short ; care, car, ask, gU, whg,t ; ere, Tfiil, tSnn ; pYque, firm ; 
 
BOILER 
 
 45 
 
 BOUND 
 
 ;e pill. 
 
 'A 
 
 Boil'er, n. A vessel for boil- 
 ing, [noisy. 
 
 Bois'ter-ous, a. Tiolent ; 
 
 Bold, a. Having or requiring 
 courage. — Syn. Coura- 
 geous ; brave ; valiant. 
 
 Baid'ness, n. Courage ; con- 
 fidence ; impudence. 
 
 Bole,n. Stem of a tree; a 
 kind of fine clay. 
 
 Boll, n. A pod ; a seed-vessel. 
 
 — V. i. To form into a 
 round pod. 
 
 Bol'stcr, n. A long pillow. — 
 V. t. To pad ; to support. 
 
 Bolt, n. Bar for fastening; 
 an arrow ; lightning ; a 
 piece of canvas of 38 yards. 
 
 — V. t. To fasten; to sift. 
 
 — V. i. To leave suddenly ; 
 to swallow hastily. 
 
 Bolt'er, n. A sieve to sepa- 
 rate Hour from bran. 
 
 Bo'lus, n. A large pill, 
 
 Bomb (bum), n. 
 An iron shell to 
 be filled with 
 powder and dis- 
 charged from a 
 mortar. Bomb. 
 
 Bom-bard', v. t. To attack 
 with bombs. 
 
 Bom^bar-dier', n. One who 
 serves a mortar. 
 
 Bom-bard'ment, n. An at- 
 tack with bombs. 
 
 Bom/ba-sine', I n. A slight 
 
 Bom/ba-zine', ( twilled stuff. 
 
 Bom'bast (biSm/biist), n. 
 High sounding language. 
 
 Bom'bast, ) a. Consisting 
 
 Bom-b^st'i-e, j of swelling 
 words. [woolen stuff. 
 
 Bom'ba-zgtte', n. A thin 
 
 Bomb'-ketch (bum'-), n. A 
 ship to carry bombs. 
 
 B6nd, n. Any thing that 
 binds ; cord : chain ; un- 
 ion ; an obligation in writ- 
 ing. — v.t. To secure by 
 bond. — a. In a servile 
 state ; captive 
 
 Bond'age, n. Slavery ; cap- 
 tivity, [slave. 
 
 BSnd'maid, n. A woman 
 
 BSnd'man, n. A man slave 
 
 B6nd'-serv/ant, n. A slave. 
 
 B6nds'man (21), n. One 
 
 bound as surety for an- 
 other, [slave. 
 
 E6nd'wgm-an, n. A female 
 
 Bone, n. Solid frame of an an- 
 imal , or a piece of this frame. 
 
 B6n'fire,M. A triumphal tire. 
 
 Bon-mot' (bong-moO, n. A 
 witty speech ; a jest. 
 
 B6n'net, n. A covering for 
 the head. [ry ; gay. 
 
 B6n'ny,a. Handsome; mer- 
 
 Bo'nus, n. A premium, as on 
 a loan or other privilege. 
 
 Bo'ny, a. Full of bones. 
 
 Bob'by, n. A dunce ; a bird. 
 
 Book, n. A volume ; a work, 
 or a definite part of a work. 
 
 — V. t. To enter in a book. 
 Bdbk'-bind^er, n. One who 
 
 binds books. [books. 
 Bdbk'-casc, n. A ^ase for 
 Bdbk'ish,a. Much given to 
 
 books or study. 
 Bdbk'-keep'er, n." A keeper 
 
 of account-books. 
 Bobk'-keep^ing, n. The 
 
 keeping of accounts. 
 Bobk'-selPer, n. One who 
 
 sells books, [close student. 
 Book' worm (-wOnn), n. A 
 Boom, n. A spar to extend 
 
 the bottom of a sail ; a bar 
 
 across a river or harbor. — 
 
 V. i. To rush and roar. 
 Boon, a. Gay ; merry ; kind. 
 
 — n. A gift ; pre.«;ent; 
 grant; favor. [man. 
 
 Boor, n. A clown ; country- 
 
 Bdbr'ish, a. Clownish ; rustic. 
 
 Bob'§y, a. Tipsy ; intoxicated. 
 
 Boot, V. t. To profit ; to put on 
 boots. — n. Profit ; a cover- 
 ing for the leg and foot; 
 part of a coach. 
 
 Bdbt-ee', n. A short boot. 
 
 Booth, n. A temporary shel- 
 ter of slight construction. 
 
 Boot'-jack, n. An instru- 
 ment for pulling off boots. 
 
 Bobt'less, a. Unprofitable. 
 
 Bobt'-tree, n. A sort of last 
 to shape a boot on. 
 
 Bobt'y, n. Pillage : plunder. 
 
 Bo'rax, n. A compound of 
 a certain acid and soda. 
 
 Bor'der, n. An edge ; bound- 
 ary. — V. t. To adorn with 
 a border. — v. i. To make 
 
 a border ; to be near or con- 
 tiguous. 
 
 Bore, V. t. To make a hole 
 in ; to pierce ; to weary. — 
 n. A hole made by boring ; 
 a tiresome i)erson. 
 
 Bore, imp. of Bear. 
 
 Bo're-as,n. The north wind. 
 
 Born, p. p. of Bear. Brought 
 forth. 
 
 Borne, p. p. of Bear. Carried. 
 
 Bor'dugh (biir''o), 7i. A cor- 
 poration-town. 
 
 B6r'r6w, v. t. To take the 
 use of for a time. 
 
 B6ss, n. A stud ; a knob. 
 
 B6'som(bobz/um), n. Breast; 
 heart ; any receptacle. — v. 
 t. To conceal ; to inclose. 
 
 Bo-tan'i-c, 1 a. Relating 
 
 Bo-tan'i€-al, ) to plants. 
 
 B6t'a-nist, 71. A person who is 
 skilled in plants. 
 
 B6t'a-nize, v. i. To study 
 plants. 
 
 B6t'a-ny, n. Science that 
 treats of plants. 
 
 B6tch, 71. Swelling ; pustule ; 
 work ill-finished. — v. t. To 
 mend clumsily. [botches. 
 
 BStch'y, a. Covered with 
 
 Both, a. The one and the 
 other ; the two. [Used also 
 as a prnn. and a coixi.] 
 
 BSth'er, v. t. To perplex. 
 
 '^ois.n.pl. Small worms in 
 the intestines of horses. 
 
 B6t'tle, n . A narrow-mouthed 
 ve.*;sel for licj^uor. — v. t. To 
 put into bottles. 
 
 Bot'tom, n. The lowest part; 
 the ground under water ; 
 foundation ; a valley ; dregs ; 
 a ship. [bottom. 
 
 Bdt'tom-less, a. Without a 
 
 B6t'tom-ry, n. The act of 
 borrowing money on a ship. 
 
 Bcii'doir (bob/dw6r), n. A 
 small private apartment. 
 
 Bough (bou), ri. A branch. 
 
 Bought (bawt), imp. & p. p. 
 of Buy. Purchased. 
 
 Bounge, v. ?. To leap ; to 
 spring. — n. A leap ; sud- 
 den noise ; a boast. 
 
 Bound, V. t. To limit ; to re- 
 strain ; to inclose. — v. i. 
 To spring; to jump. — a. 
 
 86n, or. do. wolf, t(7o. tdbk : tirn, rue, pyll ; c, sojl ; €, g, hard ; ag ; exist ; Q as ng ; 
 
 this. 
 
BOUNDARY 
 
 46 
 
 BRAZEN 
 
 Destined ; going to. — n. A 
 b.triier ; limit ; leap. 
 
 Bound'a-ry, n. A limit ; 
 mark ; barrier. 
 
 Bound'en, a. Required ; ne- 
 cessary, [witiiout bound. 
 
 Bound'less, a. Unlimited ; 
 
 Boun'te-ous, a. Liberal ; 
 kind ; bountiful. 
 
 Boun'ti-ful (13, 17), a. Lib- 
 eral ; generous. 
 
 Boun'ty, n. Liberality in 
 giving; generosity; munifi- 
 cence ; a premium. 
 
 Bpu-quet' (boo-ka/), n. A 
 bunch of flowers ; a nosegay. 
 . Bour-geois' (bur-joisO, n. A 
 kind of printing type. 
 
 Bourgeois type. 
 
 B5urn, n. A bound ; limit. 
 
 Bourse, n. A French Ex- 
 change. 
 
 Bout, n. A turn ; trial ; essay. 
 
 Bo'vine, a. Relating to cattle. 
 
 Bow (bou), V. To bend down. 
 — n. Act of reverence or 
 respect; rounding part of a 
 ship's side forward. 
 
 Bow, n. An instrument to 
 shoot arrows ; any thing 
 curved. [bowels of. 
 
 Bow'el, V. t. To take out the 
 
 Bow'el§,n./>Z. The intestines ; 
 entrails. 
 
 Bow'er, n. An arbor ; anchor 
 at the bow. 
 
 Bo\y'er-y, a. Full of bow- 
 ers ; shady. 
 
 B5w'ie-knlfe (b5/e-nTf), n. 
 A long knife or dagger. 
 
 Bowl, n. A deep vessel ; a 
 round ball of wood. — v. t. 
 To roll along as a bowl. — 
 V. i. To play at bowls. 
 
 Bow'-legged, a. Having 
 crooked legs. [of rock. 
 
 BowPder, n. A roundish mass 
 
 Bow'line, n. A rope to hold 
 a sail to the wind. 
 
 B6wl'ing-S,iaey, n. A place 
 to play at bowls. 
 
 B5wl'ing-green, w. A green 
 for bowlers. 
 
 Bow'man (21), n. An archer. 
 
 B5w'sprit, n. A spar project- 
 ing from a ship's head. 
 
 Bow'string, n. A string for 
 
 a bow ; a Turkish punish- 
 ment, [ing window. 
 
 Bow'-win^dow, n. A project- 
 
 B6x, n. A tree ; a wooden 
 case ; a blow on the ear ; a 
 plant ; a driver's seat. — v. 
 To put in a box ; to strike. 
 
 B6x'er, n. One who fights 
 with the fists ; a pugilist. 
 
 Boy, n. A male child ; a lad. 
 
 Boy'h(5bd,n. State of a boy. 
 
 Boy'ish, a. Pertaining to, or 
 like, a boy. 
 
 Brage, n. That which holds 
 or binds ; a bandage ; a 
 strap ; a piece of timber ; a 
 pair. — V. t. To bind; to 
 tie ; to tighten ; to furnish 
 with braces. 
 
 Brage'let, n. An ornament 
 for the wrist. 
 
 Bra-€hyg'ra-phy, n. Short- 
 hand writing. 
 
 Brack'et, n. A small support 
 of wood; {pi.) hooks, thus 
 [ ], for inclosing words. 
 
 Brack'ish, a. Saltish ; salt. 
 
 BrS,€t, n. A small leaf or set 
 of leaves. [out a head. 
 
 BrM, n. A slender nail with- 
 
 Brag (7), y. t. To boast ; to 
 swagger ; to vaunt. — n. A 
 boast ; a game at cards. 
 
 Brag'ga-do'ci-o (-shi-o), n. A 
 vain boaster. 
 
 Brag'gart, n. A boaster ; a 
 vain fellow. — a. Boastful. 
 
 Brah'min, n. A Hindoo 
 priest. 
 
 Braid (8), v. t. To weave or 
 plait, as several strands to 
 form one. — n. Something 
 braided ; a sort of lace. 
 
 Brain, n. Soft substance with- 
 in the skull, which is the 
 seat of sensation and intel- 
 lect ; the understanding ; 
 fancy. — v. t. To beat out 
 the brains of. 
 
 Brain'-pan, n. The skull. 
 
 Brake, old imp. of Break. — 
 11. Instrument for dressing 
 flax ; a contrivance for stop- 
 ping wheels ; a fern. 
 
 Brake'man (21), n. One who 
 manages the brake on rail- 
 way carriages. [shrub. 
 
 Braiia'ble, n. A prickly 
 
 BrAn, M. Outer coats of grain 
 separated from the flour. 
 
 Branch, n. A limb ; a bough ; 
 a shoot ; offspring. — v. To 
 divide into branches. 
 
 Branch'let, n. A little 
 branch. [es. 
 
 Branch'y, a. Full of branch- 
 Brand, V. t. To burn with a 
 hot iron ; to stigmatize. — 
 n. A burnt piece of wood ; 
 an iron to burn the figure 
 of letters ; the mark burnt ; 
 a stigma ; a sword. 
 
 Br^n'dish, v. t. To wave ; to 
 flourish, as a weapon. — n. 
 A flourish. [new. 
 
 Brand'-new, a. Perfectly 
 
 Bran'dy, n. A spirit distilled 
 from wine, cider, or fruit. 
 
 Bran'gle (brang/gl), n. A 
 brawl. — V. i. To wrangle. 
 
 Bra'§ier (bra^zhur), n. One 
 who works in brass ; a pan 
 for holding coals. 
 
 Brass, n. A yellow alloy of 
 copper and zinc ; impudence. 
 
 Brass'y, a. Made of brass. 
 
 Brat, n. A child ; — in con- 
 tempt. 
 
 Bra-va/do, w. An arrogant 
 threat ; a boasting fellow. 
 
 Brave, a. Fearless of danger. 
 — Syn. Courageous; gal- 
 lant ; valiant ; bold ; in- 
 trepid. — n. An Indian war- 
 rior. — r. t. To encounter 
 with firmness ; to defy. [ism. 
 
 Brav'er-y, n. Courage ; hero- 
 
 Bra'vo, n. A daring villain. 
 
 Bra'vo, inter j. Well done ! 
 
 Brawl, ^'. i. To make a great 
 noise ; to quarrel noisily. — 
 n. A quarrel ; squabble. 
 
 Brawl'er, n. A wrangler ; a 
 noisy fellow. 
 
 Brawn, n. A .boar's flesh ; 
 the arm. 
 
 Brawn'y, a. Having large, 
 strong muscles ; muscular. 
 
 Bray, v. t. To beat in a mor- 
 tar. — V. i. To make a harsh 
 noise like an ass. — n. Cry 
 of an ass. [der with brass. 
 
 Braze, v. t. To cover or sol- 
 
 Bra'zen (bra^zn), a. Made of 
 brass; bold. — v.i. To be 
 impudent. 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long; 5, e, i, 6, u, y, short ; cOre, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, v^il, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
BRAZEN-FACED 
 
 47 
 
 BRINY 
 
 Bra'zen-faQed (bra^zn-fast), 
 
 a. Impudent ; bold. 
 Bra'zier (brii/zhur), n. See 
 
 Brasier. 
 Breach, n. A gap ; quarrel. 
 Breach'y, a. Apt to break 
 
 fences ; unruly. 
 Br6ad, 71. Food made of flour ; 
 
 support of life. 
 BrSadth, n. Width ; measure 
 
 from side to side. 
 Break, v. t. [itnp. broke ; 
 
 p. p. BROKE, BROKEN.] 
 
 To part or open by force ; 
 
 to rend ; to crush ; to tame ; 
 
 to make bankrupt ; to re- 
 move from office. — v. i. To 
 
 part in two ; to burst ; to 
 
 become a bankrupt. — n. 
 
 An opening ; breach ; pause ; 
 
 failure. [things broken. 
 Break'a^e, n. Allowance for 
 Break'er, n. One who breaks ; 
 
 a rock on which waves 
 
 break ; the wave so broken. 
 Br6ak'fast, n. The first meal 
 
 in the day. — v. i. To eat 
 
 breakfast. 
 Break'neck.n. A precipitous 
 
 or steep place. 
 Break'wa-ter, n. A wall to 
 
 break the force of the waves. 
 Bream, v. t. To cleanse, as a 
 
 ship's bottom. — n. A fish. 
 Breast, n. Part of the body. 
 
 — V. t. To meet in front. 
 BrSast'-bone, n. Bone of 
 
 the breast. 
 Breast'pin, n. A pin to wear 
 
 on the breast. 
 Breast'- plate, n. Armor for 
 
 the breast. 
 Breast'work (-wQrk), n. A 
 
 low parapet for defense. 
 Breath, n. Air respired ; life ; 
 
 breeze. 
 
 Breathe, v. i. To respire ; to 
 
 live ; to utter softly. — v. t. 
 
 To exhale. 
 Breath'ing, n. Respiration ; 
 
 aspiration ; vent. 
 Breath'less,a. Out of breath. 
 Bred, hnp. & p. p. of Breed. 
 Breech, n. The lower part 
 
 of the body. — v. t. To put 
 
 into breeches. 
 Breech'e§ (brich^'ez), n. A 
 
 lower garment worn by men. 
 
 Breech'lng (brich/lng), n. 
 
 Hinder part of a harness. 
 : Breed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 BRED.] To give birth to ; to 
 generate ; to hatch ; to bring 
 up ; to educate. — v. i. To 
 be with young. — n. Otf- 
 spring; progeny. 
 
 Breed'ing, n. Education ; 
 nurture ; manners. 
 
 Breeze, n. A gentle wind. 
 
 Breth'ren (23), n., pi. of 
 Brother. 
 
 Bre-^St', w*- A commission 
 which entitles an officer to 
 rank above his pay. 
 
 Br^'yi-a' ry, n. Prayer-book 
 of the llomaa Catholic 
 church. [ing type. 
 
 Bre-vier', n. A small print- 
 s'" Brevier type. 
 
 Br§v'i-ty, n. Conciseness. 
 Brew (brjj), v. i. To make 
 
 beer. — v.t. To. mingle ; to 
 
 contrive. [brews. 
 Brew'er (bru^-), n. One who 
 Brew'er-y {brjj/-), n. A house 
 
 for brewing. 
 Brew'-house (brj}/-), n. A 
 
 brewery. 
 Brew'is (brii^is), n. Bread 
 
 soaked in gravy or in water 
 
 and butter. 
 Bribe, n. A gift to corrupt 
 
 the conduct. — v. t. To cor- 
 rupt by gifts. 
 Brib'er-y, n. The giving or 
 
 receiving of bribes. 
 Brick, n. A mass of burnt 
 
 clay. — V. t. To lay with 
 
 bricks. 
 
 Brick'b5,t, n. A broken brick. 
 Brick'-knn (-kll), n. A kiln 
 
 for burning brick, [mason. 
 Brick'-lay^er, 71. A brick- 
 Brick'-mak^er, n. One who 
 
 makes brick. 
 Brid'al (11), a. Belonging to 
 
 marriage. — 71. A wedding. 
 Bride, n. A woman newly 
 
 married, or one about to be 
 
 married. 
 Bride '--cake, n. Cake dis- 
 
 tributedjit a wedding. 
 Bride 'groom, n. A man 
 
 newly married, or one about 
 
 to be married. 
 
 Bride'maid, n. A woman 
 who attends the bride. 
 
 Bride'man, n. A man who 
 attends the bride and bride- 
 groom, [correction.! 
 
 Bride'well, n. A house of 
 
 Bridge, n. A structure to pass 
 over water on ; a support. — 
 V. t. To form a bridge over. 
 
 BrI'dle, n. An instrument to 
 restrain or govern a horse. 
 — V. t. To put a bridle on ; 
 to restrain. — v. i. To hold 
 up the head. 
 
 Brief, a. Short ; concise. — n. 
 An epitome, or short writ- 
 ing ; an abstract. 
 
 Bri'er, n. A prickly shrub ; 
 a bramble. 
 
 Brig, 71. A res- . 
 sel with two 
 masts square >.^^|R^ 
 
 Brigade', n. 
 A division of ^^^^^^ 
 troops. — V. ^^'S' 
 t. To form into brigades. 
 
 Brig'a-dier', n. An officer 
 commanding a brigade. 
 
 Brig'and, n. One of a band 
 of robbers. 
 
 Brig'an-tine, n. A kind of 
 small brig. 
 
 Bright (brlt), a. Shining,- 
 clear ; promising, 
 
 Bright'en (brlt/n), v. t. or i. 
 To make or become bright. 
 
 Brightness (brlt^ -), n. Lus- 
 ter ; splendor ; acut<»nesa. 
 
 Brill'ian-Qy, n. Sparkling 
 luster. 
 
 Brill'iant, a. Shining. — n. 
 
 A diamond cut into angles. 
 Brim, n. Edge ; upper edge ; 
 
 side ; bank. — v. i. To b« 
 
 tilled to the brim. [brim. 
 Brim'ful, a. Full to the 
 Brim'ming (7), a. Full to the 
 
 brim. [sulphur. 
 Brim'stone, n. A mineral ; 
 Brin'ded, ) a. Streaked ; 
 Brin'dled, ) spotted. 
 Brine, 71. Water impregnated 
 
 with salt ; the ocean. 
 Bring, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 BROUGHT.] To convey or 
 
 carry to ; to fetch from. 
 Brin'y, a. Consisting of brine. 
 
 son, 6r, dg, w^If, too, took ; tirn, rye, pull ; 9, sq/i ; g, hard; ; e^ist ; G a^ ng ; tills. 
 
BRINK 
 
 48 
 
 BUFF 
 
 Brink, n. The edge of a steep 
 place. 
 
 Brisk, a. Quick ; full of life. 
 Brisk'et, n. The breast of an 
 animal. 
 
 Bris'tle (bris/1), w. A stiff, 
 coarse hair, as of swine. — 
 V. i. To raise the bristles. 
 
 Bris'tly (briskly), adv. Set 
 thick with bristles. 
 
 Bri-tan'ni-a, n. A metallic 
 compound. [Britain. 
 
 Brit'ish, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Brit'on, n. A native of 
 Britain. [fragile. 
 
 Brit'tle, a. Apt to break ; 
 
 Broach, n. A spit. — v. t. 
 To tap ; to let out. 
 
 Broad (brawd), a. Extended 
 from side to side ; wide. — 
 Syn. Ample ; comprehen- 
 sive ; large. 
 
 Broad'-ax, ) n. An ax to 
 
 Broad'-^xe, j hew timber. 
 
 Broad'€ast, n. A scattering 
 of seed with the hand. 
 
 Broad'-eloth, n. A fine wool- 
 en cloth, [grow broad. 
 
 Broad'en, v. To make or 
 
 Broad'side, n. A discharge 
 of all the guns on one side 
 of a ship. 
 
 Broad'sword (-sord), n. A 
 broad-bladed sword. 
 
 Bro-€ade', n. Silk stuff 
 variegated with gold and 
 silver. 
 
 Br6€'-eo-li (18), n. A species 
 
 • of cabbage. [thick shoe. 
 
 Br5'gan, or Bro-gan', n. A 
 
 Brogue, n. A corrupt dialect 
 or pronunciation. 
 
 Broil, n. A tumult ; quarrel. 
 — V. t. or i. To dress over 
 coals ; to be in a heat. 
 
 Broke, imp. of Break. 
 
 Bro'ken (bro^'kn), jf. p. or a. 
 of Break. 
 
 Bro'ken-heart-'ed, a. Hav- 
 ing the spirits crushed. 
 
 Brd'ker, n. An agent who 
 transacts business on com- 
 mission, [of a broker. 
 
 Bro'ker-age, n. Commission 
 
 Br6n'-ehi-al, a. Relating to 
 the throat. [fection. 
 
 Br6n-€hi'tis, n. A throat af- 
 
 Bronze, n. A compound of 
 
 copper and tin. — v. t. To 
 color or harden like bronze. 
 
 Brooch (broch), n, A jewel. 
 
 Brood, w. Offspring; progeny. 
 — V. i. To sit on eggs ; to 
 cover chickens. 
 
 Brdbk, «. A natural stream 
 less than a river. — v. t. To 
 bear ; to endure. 
 
 Brdbm, n. A shrub; an in- 
 strument to sweep with. 
 
 Brdbm'stick, n. The staff or 
 handle of a broom. 
 
 Broth, n. Liquor in which 
 llesh has been boiled, [fame. 
 
 Brdtii'el, n. A house of ill- 
 Broth 'er, n. A male born of 
 the same parents ; an asso- 
 ciate ; a companion. 
 
 Brotii'er-hobd, n. State of 
 being a brother ; fraternity. 
 
 Br6tii'er-ly,a. Like a broth- 
 er. [ of Bring. 
 
 Brought (brawt), imp. & p. 
 
 Brow, n. The forehead ; the 
 hairy ridge over the eye ; 
 the edge. [down. 
 
 Brow'beat, v. t. To beat 
 
 Brow-beat 'ing, n. Act of 
 beating down or intimidat- 
 ing. 
 
 Brown, a. Dusky, inclining 
 to red. — n. A dusky red- 
 dish color. — V. t. To make 
 brown . 
 
 Brown 'ish, a. Inclined to 
 brown. 
 
 Brown'-stud^y, a. Dull 
 
 though tfulness ; reverie. 
 Browge (brouz), v. t. To feed 
 
 on the shoots of shrubs. 
 Browse (brouss), n. Twigs of 
 Bru'in, n. A bear, [shrubs. 
 Bruise, v. t. To hurt with 
 
 blows. — n. A contusion. 
 Bruis'er, n. A boxer. 
 Briiit, n. Report ; rumor. — 
 
 v. t. To report. 
 Bru-nette', n. A woman of a 
 
 dark or brown complexion. 
 Brunt, n. A shock ; attack ; 
 
 onset; violence. 
 Brush, n. A hairy instrument; 
 
 a pencil ; brisk attack ; a 
 
 thicket. — V. t. To rub or 
 
 sweep with a brush. — v. i. 
 
 To move in haste. 
 Brush'-wobd, n. Underwood. 
 
 Brush'y, a. Like a brush j 
 shaggy. 
 
 Bru'tal (11), a. Savage ; cruel. 
 
 Brii-tal'i-ty, n. Savageness. 
 
 Brii'tal-ize, v. To make or 
 become brutal. 
 
 Brute, n. An irrational ani- 
 mal. — a. Senseless ; savage. 
 
 Bru'ti-fy, v. t. To make bru- 
 tish or unfeeling. 
 
 Bru'tish, a. Bestial ; savage. 
 
 Bub'ble, n. A small bladder 
 
 ^ 'of water ; a false show ; emp- 
 ty project. — V. i. To rise in 
 bubbles. [like bubbles. 
 
 Bub'bly, a. Full of bubbles ; 
 
 Bu€^€a-neer', n. A piratical 
 adventurer. 
 
 Buck, n. Male 
 of rabbits, deer, ^M^fl^ 
 &c. ; a dandy ; .s^^^Wl 
 
 steep clothes in Buck, 
 lye. 
 
 Buck'et, n. A vessel to draw 
 or carry water in. 
 
 Buck'ish, a. Pertaining to a 
 gay fellow ; foppish. 
 
 Buck'le (buk''l), w. An instru- 
 ment for fastening straps. — 
 V. t. To fasten with a 
 buckle ; to apply. — v. i. To 
 join in battle. 
 
 Buck'ler, n. A shield. 
 
 Buck'ram, tii A coarse linen 
 cloth stiffened with glue. 
 
 Buck'skin, n. The leather 
 from a buck. 
 
 Buck'thom, n. A plant bear- 
 ing a black berry. 
 
 Buck'wheat, n. A plant, 
 whose seed is used as a 
 grain. 
 
 Bu-e6Pi€, a. Relating to 
 shepherds ; pastoral. — n. A 
 pastoral poem. 
 
 Bud, n. First shoot of a plant. 
 — V. i. To put forth buds. — 
 V. t. To inoculate, as a tree. 
 
 Budge, v. i. To stir ; to go ; 
 to move. — a. Stiff; rigid; 
 pompous ; surly. 
 
 Budg'et, n. A bag; pouch; 
 stock ; a statement respect- 
 ing finances. 
 
 Buff, n. A leather dressed with 
 oil ; a color between light 
 pink and light yellow. 
 
 a,e,I,o,u,y,^o«^; a, 6,u,5S^, jAorf; care, car,ask, ^H, wh?it ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
BUFFALO 
 
 49 
 
 BURY 
 
 Buf'fa-lo, n. (pi. 
 Buf 'fa-16e§, 
 18. ) A kind of 
 wild ox. 
 
 Buffet (8), V. t. 
 
 To box ; to „ , 
 beat; to strike Bnffalo. 
 with the fist. — w. A blow 
 with the fist, [mountebank. 
 
 Buf-foon', 71. A clown; a 
 
 Buf-foon'er-y, n. Low jests. 
 
 Bug, n. A generic term for 
 various insects. [ject. 
 
 Bug'bear, n. A frightful ob- 
 
 Bug'gy, a. Full of or having 
 bugs. — n. A light four- 
 wheeled carriage. 
 
 Bu'gle, ) M. A military 
 
 Bu'gle-horn, ) instrument 
 of music. 
 
 Buhl (bul), n. Metallic fig- 
 ures inlaid in dark wood or 
 tortoise-shell. 
 
 Buhr'stone (bur/-), n. A spe- 
 cies of quartz, used for mill- 
 stones. 
 
 Build (blld), V. t. or i. [imp. 
 
 & p. p. BUILDED, BUILT.] 
 To raise a structure ; to con- 
 struct ; to erect. 
 
 Build'ing, n. An edifice. 
 
 Built, imp. & p. p. of Build. 
 
 Bulb, n. A round root. 
 
 Bulb'ous, a. Having round 
 roots or heads ; protuberant. 
 
 Bulge, n. A protuberance. — 
 V. i. To swell in the middle. 
 
 Bulk, n. Size ; substance in 
 general ; quantity ; main 
 part. 
 
 Bulk'-hgad, n. A partition 
 
 in a ship. 
 Bulk'i-ness, n. Largeness. 
 Bulk'y, a. Of great size. 
 Bull, n. An animal ; edict of 
 
 the pope ; a blunder. 
 Bull'-bait/ing, n. Practice of 
 
 exciting bulls with dogs. 
 Bull'-dog, n. 
 
 A kind of large 
 
 dog. 
 Bul'let, n. A 
 
 ball for a gun. 
 Bul'le-tin, n. Bull-dog. 
 
 Official report or notice. 
 Bull'-fight (-fit), n. A fight 
 
 with a bull. [bird. 
 Bull'-finch, a. A singing 
 
 Biill'-fr6g, n. A large species 
 of frog. [or gold. 
 
 Bull'ion, n. Uncoined silver 
 Biill'ock, w. A young bull ; 
 an ox. 
 
 Bull'y, n. A quarrelsome fel- 
 low. — V. t. To threaten with 
 noisy menaces. [in water. 
 Bull'rush, n. A rush growing 
 Biil'wark, n. A fortification ; 
 shelter ; sides of a ship above 
 the upper deck, [large bee. 
 Bum'ble-bee, n. A kind of 
 Bump, n. A swelling ; a blow. 
 — V. i. To make a loud 
 noise. — v. t. To thump ; to 
 strike. [to the brim. 
 
 Biim'per, n. A glass filled 
 Biimp'kin, n. An awkward 
 
 person ; a clown ; a rustic. 
 Biin ) (3), n. A small cake, 
 Biinn ] or sweet bread. 
 Bunch, n. A cluster ; a hard 
 lump. — V. i. To grow in 
 clusters. 
 Bunch'y,a. Full of bunches. 
 Biin'dle, n. A number of 
 things bound together, — v. 
 t. To tie together. [rel. 
 Biing, n. A stopper for a bar- 
 Bung'-hole, n. A hole in a 
 barrel. 
 
 Bun'gle,tj. X. To do clumsily. 
 
 Biin'gler, n. A clumsy 
 workman. 
 
 Biin'gling, a. Very clumsy. 
 
 Bun'ion (bun/yun),n. Anex- 
 cresceuce on the toe. 
 
 Bunk, n. A case of boards for 
 a bed. [cloth. 
 
 Biint'ing, n. A thin woolen 
 
 Buoy (bwob5^ or bw65'), n. 
 A piece of wood or cork 
 floating on the water, to in- 
 dicate shoals, rocks, &c., or 
 to bear a cable. — v. or i. 
 To keep afloat ; to sustain. 
 
 Bupy'an-gy (bwoby''- or 
 bwoy/-), n. The quality of 
 floating ; specific lightness. 
 
 Buoy 'ant (bw(5'oy/- or 
 bw6y/-), a. Floating ; light. 
 
 Bur I (3), n. The prickly 
 
 Burr ) head of a plant. 
 
 Bur'den (bQr/dn), n. That 
 which is borne ; a load. — 
 V. t. To load ; to oppress. 
 
 Bur'den-some, a. Grievous 
 
 to be borne ; ponderous ; op- 
 pressive, [that bears burs. 
 
 Bur'd6ck,_n. A wild plant 
 
 Bu'reau(bu''ro, 18), n. A chest 
 of drawers for papers or 
 clothes ; office. [city* 
 
 Biir'gess, n. A freeman of a 
 
 Burgh'er (bOrg/er), n. A 
 freeman of a borough. 
 
 Biir'glar, n. One who breaks 
 into.a house by night. 
 
 Bur-gla'ri-ous, a. Consisting 
 in burglary. 
 
 Bur'gla-ry, n. The crime of 
 hou.se-breaking by night, 
 with intent to steal. 
 
 Burg'o-mas^er, n. A city 
 magistrate. [Burgundy. 
 
 Bfir'gun-dy, n. Wine made in 
 
 Bu'ri-al (ber/I-al), n. Act of 
 burying ; a funeral. 
 
 Bu'rin, n. A gi-aving tool. 
 
 Bur-lesque' (-leskO.rt. Tend- 
 ing to excite laughter ; ludi- 
 crous. — n. A ludicrous rep- 
 resentation. — V. t. To make 
 ludicrous ; to turn to ridi*- 
 cule. 
 
 Bur'ly, a. Great in size ; bois- 
 terous. 
 
 Bfim, V t. or i. [imp. & p.p. 
 BURNED, BURNT.] To con- 
 sume by fire ; to scorch ; to 
 be on fire. — n. A hurt 
 caused by fire. 
 
 Burn'er, n. One who sets on 
 fire ; appendage to a lamp. 
 
 Burn'ing, n. Combustion ; 
 he^t. — a. Flaming ; vehe- 
 ment. 
 
 Btirn'ing-glass, n. A con- 
 vex lens for conveying the 
 sun's rays to a focus. 
 
 Bur'nish, v. t. To polish; to 
 brighten. — n. A gloss. 
 
 Burnt, imp. & p. p. of Burn. 
 
 Biir'row, n. A lodge in the 
 earth for rabbits, &c. — v. i. 
 To lodge in the earth. 
 
 Bur'sar, n. The treasurer of 
 a college ; a charity student. 
 
 Bur'sa-ry, n. A treasury. 
 
 Burst, V. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 BURST.] To break or fly 
 open. — n. A sudden rent. 
 
 Bur'then. See Burden. 
 
 Bur'y (ber/j^), v. t. To inter 
 in a grave ; to conceal. 
 
 66n, 6r, dQ, wglf, t(ro, to^ok ; iim, r}je, pyll ; 9, soft; €, g, hard; ag ; exist ; a as ng ; this. 
 4 
 
BUSH 
 
 50 
 
 CACKLE 
 
 Bush, n. A shrub ; a bough. I 
 
 Bush'el, n. A dry measure of 
 eight gallons, or four pecks. | 
 
 Bush'y, a. Full of bushes ; 
 thick, as hair. 
 
 Bu§'i-ly (biz/I-1^), adv. With 
 constant occupation. 
 
 Bu§'i-ness (biz^nes), n. Em- 
 ployment ; trade ; occupa- 
 tion. 
 
 Busk, n. A piece of steel or 
 whalebone worn in corsets. 
 
 Busk'in, n. A half boot. 
 
 Busk'ined, a. Wearing busk- 
 ins, [kiss. 
 
 Buss, M. A kiss. — V. t. To 
 
 Bust, n. A statue of the head 
 and shoulders. 
 
 Btis'tard, w. A bird of tiie 
 ostrich family. 
 
 Bus'tle (bus'l), V. i. To be 
 busy. — «. A tumult; hur- 
 ry ; commotion. 
 
 Bu§'y (biz'y), a. Employed 
 with earnestness ; officious. 
 
 — V. t. To employ. 
 Bu§'y-b6d/y (biz^y-), n. A 
 
 meddling, officious person. 
 But, prep. Except; unless. 
 
 — conj. More; further. — 
 n. End; limit; bound. — 
 V. t. To be bounded ; to 
 touch with the end. 
 
 Butch'er, n. One who kills 
 animals to sell. — v. t. To 
 slay inhumanly. 
 
 Butch'er-ly, a. Barbarous; 
 cruel; bloody. 
 
 I3utch'er-y,w. The slaughter 
 of cattle for market; cruel 
 murder. 
 
 But/-6nd, n. Thicker end of 
 a thing. 
 
 But'ler, n. A servant who 
 has the care of liquors. 
 
 But'ment, n. A buttress. 
 
 Butt, n. A mark to shoot at; 
 a cask ; end ; hmit ; one who 
 is ridiculed. — v. i. To 
 strike with the head. 
 
 But'ter, n. An oily substance 
 from cream. — v. t. To 
 spread with butter. 
 
 But'ter— cup, n. A plant with 
 bright yellow flowers ; crow- 
 foot. 
 
 But'ter-fly, n. A genus of 
 inscctvS. 
 
 But'ter-milk, n. Milk re- 
 maining after the butter is 
 separated. 
 
 But'ter-nut, n. A tree and 
 its oily fruit. 
 
 But'ter-y, n. A room where 
 provisions are kept. — a. 
 Resembling butter. 
 
 But'tock, n. Protuberant 
 part of the body behind ; 
 rump. 
 
 But'ton (but^tn), n. A knob or 
 catch for fastening clothes. 
 — V. t. To fasten with but- 
 tons. 
 
 But'ton-h51e, n. A hole for a 
 button ; to detain in conver- 
 sation to weariness ; to bore. 
 
 But 'tress, n. 
 
 A projecting 
 
 support to 
 
 the outside 
 
 of a wall. 
 Bux'om, a. 
 
 Lively; 
 
 brisk; jolly; 
 
 frolicsome. 
 Buy (bi), V. t. 
 
 [imp. & p. -^iJHBfiSts??^^ 
 
 p. BOUGHT ^ 
 
 (bawt).] To Buttress. 
 
 purchase. 
 Buy'er, n. A purchaser. 
 Buzz (3), n. A humming 
 
 sound, as of bees. — v.i. To 
 
 make a low humming sound, 
 
 like bees. — v.t. To whisper ; 
 
 to spread by whispers. 
 Biiz'zard, n. A species of 
 
 hawk. 
 
 By, prep. Near ; close to ; 
 from one to the other side 
 of; with; through means of; 
 in presence. — By and by^ 
 presently ; pretty soon. 
 
 By'-end, n. Private interest. 
 
 By '-law, n. A private law 
 or regulation. 
 
 By'-st^nd'er, n. A looker 
 on ; a spectator. 
 
 By'-way, n. A private or 
 secluded way. 
 
 By'-word (-wflrd), n. A com- 
 mon saying ; a proverb. 
 
 By-zS,n'tine, or Byz'an-tine, 
 a. Pertaining to Byzantium. 
 
 a 
 
 eAB, n. A kind of covered 
 carriage. 
 •Ca-h3,l', n . A number of per- 
 sons united to effect some 
 private purpose ; a junto — 
 V. i. (7) To intrigue pri- 
 vately. 
 
 •€3,b'a-la, n. Jewish tradi- 
 tions. 
 
 ■€&b'a-list, n. One skilled in 
 
 Jewish traditions. 
 •€3,b/a-list'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the mysteries of Jewish 
 traditions ; secret ; occult. 
 
 -Gab'bage, v. i. To steal 
 pieces of, in cutting cloths. 
 — 71. A garden plant. 
 
 -eab'in, n. An apartment in 
 a ship; a hut. — v. i. To 
 live in a cabin. — v. t. To 
 confine in a cabin. 
 
 ■eab'i-net, n. A set of draw- 
 ers ; closet ; a council of 
 state 
 
 •€5,b'i-net-mak^er, n. A 
 maker of fine furniture. 
 
 •€a'ble, n. A strong rope or 
 chain to hold a vessel at 
 anchor. [of a ship. 
 
 ■Ca-bobse', n. A cook room 
 
 ■Ga-ea'D, n. The chocolate 
 tree. 
 
 •€a-ck'le, v, i. To make the 
 noise of a hen ; to giggle ; 
 to prattle. — n. Noise of a 
 hen or goose. 
 
 a, e, I, o, ii, y , long ; a, e, !, 6, tl, y , short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^t ; ere, vgil, term ; pXque, firm ; 
 
CACTUS 
 
 -€3,€'tus, n. A 
 
 genus of 
 
 prickly tropi- 
 cal plants. 
 ■ea-dS,v'er- 
 
 ous, a. Like 
 
 a dead body. 
 •Cad'dy, n. A 
 
 small box for 
 
 tea. 
 
 •Sa'denge, n. . „ 
 
 voice in reading or speak 
 ing; modulation. 
 
 •Ga-det', n. A volunteer in 
 the army ; a military pupil. 
 
 <P3B-§u'ra, or Qae-su'ra, n. A 
 pause or division in a verse. 
 
 •€ag, n. A little barrel or 
 cask ; a keg. 
 
 •€age, n. An inclosuro for 
 confining birds or other an- 
 imals. — V. t. To shut up in 
 a cage. 
 
 •Cairn, M. A pile of stones. 
 
 •€ai'tiff , n. A base fellow ; a 
 villain. — a. Base ; servile. 
 
 •€a-jole', V. t. To deceive by 
 flattery. [flattery. 
 
 •ea-jol'er-y, n. A wheedling ; 
 
 ■€ake, n. A kind of bread, 
 sweet and delicate. — v. i. 
 To form into a hard mass. 
 
 •€al'a-bash, n. A large gourd. 
 
 ■ea-iam'i-tous, a. Distress- 
 ing ; disastrous. 
 
 •€a-lto'i-ty, n. A condition 
 producing great distress. — 
 Syn. Disaster; misfortune. 
 
 •€a-iash', n. A cover for the 
 head ; a kind ol carriagt^. 
 
 •eal-ca're-ous, a. Having the 
 properties of lime. 
 
 •€aPgi-na'tion, n. The opera- 
 tion of calcinitig. 
 
 -eal-Qi-oc', or -eal'gmejt'. To 
 change or be changed into 
 powder by the action of heat. 
 
 •€al'-eu-late, v. t. To com- 
 pute ; to reckon. — v. i. To 
 make a computation, [tion. 
 
 -Cap-eu-la'tion, n. Computa- 
 
 *€al'-eu-la''tive, a. Pertaining 
 to calculation. 
 
 •€5,P-eu-la^tor, n. One vrho 
 computes ; a reckoner. 
 
 ■€al'-eu-lous, a. Like stone ; 
 affected with the stone. 
 
 ■€al'€u-lus, n. (/>^.-eal'€u-lI.) 
 
 51 
 
 The stone in the bladder ; a 
 method of computation. 
 •€al'dron, n. A large kettle. 
 •€^Pe-fa€'tive, \ a. Making 
 CaPe-fa-e'to-ry, j warm or 
 hot. 
 
 ■eai'en-dar, n. An almanac ; 
 a register. 
 
 ■eai'en-der, v. t. To make 
 glossy and smooth by press- 
 ing between rollers. — n. A 
 hot press. 
 
 ■eai'endg, n. pi. First day 
 of each month among the 
 Romans. [fever. 
 
 •€S,Pen-ture, n. An ardent 
 
 ■Galf (kiif), M. ipl. -Calves, 
 kiivz.) The young of a cow ; 
 a stupid fellow ; thick part 
 of the leg. 
 
 •€al'i-ber, I n. Bore of a gun; 
 
 •€al'i-bre, ) mental capacitv. 
 
 ■eal'i-eo, n. {pi. -eai'i-coeg, 
 18.) A stuff made of cotton. 
 
 •€^l'i-per§, n. pi. 
 Compasses with 
 curved legs for 
 measuring the 
 diameters of 
 round bodies. 
 
 -ea'liph, n. Title 
 of the successors ^ ,. 
 of Mohammed. C^^^Pe". 
 
 ■eS,Piph-ate, n. The office of 
 a caliph. 
 
 •€aPis-then'i€S, w. pi. Health- 
 ful and graceful bodily ex- 
 ercises. 
 
 •€alk (kawk), v. t. To stop 
 the seams of, as of a ship ; 
 to arm with sharp points, as 
 the shoes of a horse. — n. 
 A sharp point on an animal's 
 shoe. [who calks. 
 
 •Calk'er (kawk^er), w. One 
 •€all, V. t. To name ; to in- 
 vite ; to summon, — v. i. To 
 cry out ; to make a visit. — 
 n. An address ; a demand ; 
 a summons ; a short visit. 
 •€al-lig'ra-phy, n. Beautiful 
 
 penmanship. 
 •€all'ing, n. Employment. 
 •€al-16s'i-ty, ) n. Any horny 
 •GaPlus, J hardness of 
 
 the skin. 
 ■€al'lous, a. Hard : indurated. 
 ■Gal'low, a. Unfledged ; naked. 
 
 CAMPANIFORM 
 
 ■ealm (kam), a. Still ; quiet; 
 
 undisturbed.— 71. Serenity. 
 
 — V. t. To quiet : to still. 
 ■€alm'ly (kam/-), adv. In a 
 
 calm manner ; quietly. 
 ■€alm'ness(kiim/ness), n. Se- 
 renity ; stillness ; quiet. 
 •G^l'o-mgl, n. A preparation 
 
 of mercury. 
 •€a-16r'i-e, n. The principle or 
 
 matter of heat. [heat. 
 ■€aFo-rif'i-e, a. Producing 
 -G^l'u-met, n. Indian pipe of 
 
 peace. 
 
 ■Ca-lum'ni-ate,-!?. t. To accuse 
 falsely. 
 
 ■€a-lum/ni-a'tion, n. Slander, 
 -ea-lum'ni-a^tor, n. A talse 
 
 accuser ; a slanderer. 
 ■€a-liim'ni-ous, a. Defamato- 
 ry ; abusive ; slanderous. 
 ■Cai'um-ny, n. Malicious ac- 
 cusation. — Syn. Slander ; 
 defamation ; hbel ; abuse. 
 ■Galve (kiiv), v. i. To give 
 
 birth to a calf. 
 ■€ai'vin-ist, n. One who ad- 
 heres to Calvinism. 
 ■eaPvin-ist'i€, a. Relating to 
 
 Calvin, or to Calvinism. 
 €a'lyx, n. {pi. Ca'lyx-eg.) 
 
 Outer covering of a flower. 
 ■€^m, n. The projection on a 
 wheel or axle to produce re- 
 ciprocating motion, [cotton. 
 •Gam*bri€, n. A fine linen or 
 •€ame, imp. of Come. 
 ■Cto'el, n. A large ^ 
 ruminant quad- 
 ruped of Asia and 
 Africa. 
 •€a-mel'o-pard, or ^ 
 ■€am'el-o-pard/, 
 n. The giraffe ; an African 
 animal remarkable for its 
 long neck. 
 ■€ani'e-o (18), w. A precious 
 
 stone sculptured in relief, 
 ■eam'let, n. A stuff of wool 
 
 and silk. 
 •€3,mp, n. A place where 
 troops lodge, or tents, huts, 
 &c., are erected. 
 •€am-paign' (-pnnO, n. Time 
 an army keeps the field. — v. 
 i. To serve in a campaign. 
 •€am-pan'i-f6rm, a. In the 
 shape of a bell. 
 
 , .. . ^4.^ iv^vvjit. uiuucut^eu, uaK-eu. suape oi a Den. 
 
 son, or, do, w^lf, toD, toDk ; tirn, r^e, p^ill ; 9, soft ; «, g, hard; a§ ; e^ist ; 0 as ng j liiis. 
 
 jyiiiVERSITY OF {i^mk 
 
CAMPANOLOGY 
 
 52 
 
 •eam^pa-nol'o-gy, n. Art of 
 ringing bells. [shaped. 
 -Gam-pan'u-late, a. Bell- 
 •€am'phene, n. Oil or spirit 
 
 of turpentine, 
 ■eam'phor, n. A kind of 
 
 solidified sap. 
 •€am'phor-ate, 1 a. Im- 
 •eam'phor-aaed, ) pregnat- 
 
 ed with camphor. 
 ■Gan, V. i. [imp. could.] To 
 he able. — n. ' A cup or ves- 
 sel for liquors. 
 •€a-naF, n. An artificial 
 water-course ; a pipe ; a duct. 
 •€a-na'ry, n. A kind of wine ; 
 
 a species of singing-bird, 
 -ean'gel (8), v. t. To blot out ; 
 
 to obliterate. [canceling, 
 -ean/gel-la'tion, n. Act of 
 •e^n'Qer, n. A sign in the 
 
 zodiac ; a virulent ulcer. 
 •€an'Qer-ous, a. Consisting of, 
 
 or relating to, a cancer. 
 •€an/de-la'brum,w. (pZ.-Gan^- 
 de-la'bra, or -Gan/de-la'- 
 ■brum§.) A candlestick with 
 branches. [uous. 
 •Can'did, a. Frank ; ingen- 
 •€an'di-date, n. One who 
 sues or is proposed for an 
 office. [frankly, 
 •ean'did-ly, adv. Fairly ; 
 €an'dle, n. A light made of 
 
 tallow, wax, &c. 
 ■€an'dle-light (-lit), n. Light 
 
 of a candle. 
 Can'dle-stick, n. An 
 Btrument for holding a can- 
 dle, [ness. 
 •€an'dor, n. Fairness ; frank- 
 ■ean'dy, v. t. To conserve 
 with sugar. — -y. i. To be 
 changed into sugar. — n. A 
 preparation of sugar. 
 ■Gane, n. A reed ; the sugar 
 plant ; a walking-stick. — v. 
 t. To beat with a cane. 
 •€ane'brake, n. A thicket of 
 canes. 
 
 -Ga-nlne', a. Pertaining to 
 a dog. [box. 
 
 •€an'is-ter, n. A kind of tin 
 
 ■Gan'ker, n. A disease in ani- 
 nials and plants ; a kind of 
 ulcer. — V. t. To corrode or 
 corrupt : to infect. 
 
 ■Gan'kered, p. a. Corroded. 
 
 •€&n'ker-worm (--:vOrm), n. 
 
 A worm that destroys cer- 
 tain plants and fruit. 
 ■Gan'ni-bal, n. A man-eater. 
 •€an'ni-bal-i§m, n. The eat- 
 ing of human flesh by man. 
 •Gan'non, n. A 
 great gun for 
 throwing balls 
 and the like, Cannon, 
 by means of gunpowder. 
 ■Gan^non-ade', n. Hostile 
 attack with cannon.— v. t. 
 To attack with cannon. 
 ■Gan'non-ball, n. A ball to 
 
 be thrown from cannon. 
 ■Gan/iion-eer', \n. One who 
 -Gan/non-ier', j manages a 
 
 cannon. 
 •Gan'non-shSt, n. A cannon- 
 ball, [be unable. 
 -Gan'not. [can and not.] To 
 ■Ga-npe' ( ka-noQ/ ), w. A boat 
 
 made of a tree. 
 ■Gan'on, n. A rule ; the Script- 
 ures ; an ecclesiastical dig- 
 nitary. 
 
 -Ga-n6n'i€-al, a. According 
 
 to canons ; ecclesiastical. 
 -Ga-n6n'i€-als, n.pl. The pre- 
 scribed dress of the clergy. 
 -Gan'on-ist, n. One versed in 
 the law sanctioned by the 
 Roman Catholic Church. 
 •Gaii'on-i-za'tion, n. An en- 
 rolling among saints. 
 •Gan'on-ize, v.t. To enroll in 
 
 the catalogue of saints 
 •Gan'o-py, n. A covering over 
 
 the head. 
 •G^nt, V. t. To give a sudden 
 turn to. — V. i. To speak in 
 a whining voice ; to play the 
 hypocrite. — n. A sudden 
 turn; a whining or sing- 
 song tone; slang; secret 
 language of gypsies, &c. 
 ■Gan'ta-lpupe, n. A species 
 
 of muskmelon. 
 ■Gan-ta'ta, or -Gan-ta'ta (18) 
 
 n. A poem set to music. 
 ■Gan-teen', n. A tin vessel for 
 
 liquors, &c. 
 ■Gan'ter, v. i. To move in a 
 moderate gallop. — n. A 
 moderate gallop. 
 ■Gan'ti-€le, n. A song. — Can 
 tides, the Song of Solomon 
 
 CAPITULAR 
 
 •G^n'to, n. {pi. -Gan'tog, 18, 
 
 A division of a ponm. 
 ■Gan'ton, n. Division of a 
 country, — v.t. To divide 
 into districts. 
 ■Gan'ton-ment, n. A district 
 
 occupied by soldiers. 
 ■Gan'vas, n. A coarse cloth 
 
 for sails ; sails in general. 
 -Gan'vass, v. «. To examine; 
 to solicit. — v.i. To sohcit 
 votes. — n. Close inspection; 
 examination ; solicitation. 
 •Gan/zo-net', n. A short song. 
 -Gaou'tchou-e (k(5"o/ehook), n. 
 
 India-rubber; gum elastic. 
 •Gap, n. A cover for the head ; 
 top.— v.t. To cover the 
 head or top. 
 ■Ga/pa-bil'i-ty, n. Capacity ; 
 
 qualification; ability. 
 -Ga'pa-ble,a. Having capacity 
 or abiUty. — Syn. Able ; 
 competent ; fitted ; effi- 
 cient, [bihty. 
 -Ga'pa-bly, adv. With capa- 
 ■Ga-pa'cious, a. Having ca- 
 pacity ; wide ; large. 
 -Ga-pag'i-ty, n. The power 
 of receiving and containing. 
 •Gap^-a-pie', adv. From head 
 to foot. 
 
 -Ga-par'i-son, n. Trappings 
 for a horse, —v. t. To dress 
 pompously. 
 -Gape, n. A head-land; neck- 
 piece. 
 
 ■Ga'per, n. A kind of flower- 
 bud used for pickUng; a 
 leap. — tJ. i. To skip; to 
 leap ; to dance. 
 ■Ga-pil'la-ment, n. A fila- 
 ment or fine, hair-like fiber. 
 -Gap'il-la-ry, a. Resembling a 
 hair. — n. A fine Vf-ssel or 
 canal. v 
 ■Gap'i-tal , n. UppeO part of a 
 column ; chief city or town ; 
 stock in trade ; principal 
 sum ; a large letter. — a. 
 Relating to the head ; chief 
 •Gap'i-tal-ist, w. A man of 
 
 large property. 
 -Gap'i-ta'tion, n. Numeration 
 
 by heads ; a poll-tax. 
 -Gap'i-tol, n. A temple in 
 Rome ; a government house. 
 -Ga-pit'u-lar, n. A statute. 
 
CAPITULATE 
 
 53 
 
 CARTILAGE 
 
 ■ea-pit'u-late, v. i. To sur- 
 render on' conditions. 
 
 ■Ga-pit^u-la'tion, n. A sur- 
 render on terms, or condi- 
 ditionally. 
 
 •Ca'pon (kiVpn), n. A cock 
 emasculated. 
 
 •Gap'-pa^per, n. A kind of 
 coarse brown paper. 
 
 ■Ga-prige', n. Sudden or un- 
 reasonable change of mind 
 or humor, — Syn. Whim; 
 freak ; fancy ; vagary. 
 
 •Ca-pri'cious (-prish'us), a. 
 ^yhimsical ; freakish. 
 
 •€ap-size', v.t. To overturn, 
 
 •eap'stan, n. A ^ 
 machine in ships gJa^SSS 
 for raising great j^SS 
 
 ■€ap'su-lar, ) " yO^^^ 
 
 ■eap'su-la-ry, ) 
 
 a Hollow like a Capstan, 
 capsule. [of a plant. 
 
 ■e5,p'sule, n. The seed-vessel 
 
 •€ap'tain, n. A commander. 
 
 •G3,p'tain-Qy, ) n. Commis- 
 
 •€S.p'tain-ship, ) siou or of- 
 fice of a captain. 
 
 ■Gap'tion, 71. A certificate ap- 
 pended to a legal instru- 
 ment. 
 
 •€ap'tioiis, a. Apt to cavil. 
 •€ap'ti-vate, v. t. To please 
 
 exceedingly ; to fascinate ; 
 
 to charm, [captivating, 
 ■eap^ti-va'tion, n. Act of 
 -eS,p'tive, n. One taken in 
 
 war. — o. Made prisoner, 
 ■eap-tiv'i-ty, n. Subjection ; 
 
 bondage; thralldom. 
 •€ap'tor, n. One who takes a 
 
 prisoner or a pri.^e. 
 •€ap'ture, w. Seizure of a 
 
 prize. — V. t. To take, as a 
 
 prize, in war. 
 ■€ap''u-ghin' (-sheen-'), n. A 
 
 monk of the order of St. 
 
 Francis. 
 •Car, n. A cart ; a rail-way 
 
 carriage ; chariot of war. 
 ■Gar'a-bine, n. See Carbine. 
 ■G^r'a-€ole, n. An oblique 
 
 movement of a horse. — v. i. 
 
 To mo-^h^^ caracole. 
 •€ar'at,^lirA weight of four 
 
 graiusfTor weighing gems. 
 •€dr'a-van, n. A body of trav- 
 
 eling pilgrims, traders, or 
 showmen. 
 
 •ear'a-van'sa-ry,n. A house 
 for travelers in Asia. 
 
 •€^r'a-way, n. An aromatic 
 plant, and its seed. 
 
 ■€ar'bine, n. A short gun 
 borne by light horsemen, 
 
 ■€ar'bon,_n. Pure charcoal. 
 
 ■€ar/bon-a'ceous, a. Relating 
 pQ, or containing, carbon. 
 
 ■Gar'bon-ate, n. A salt formed 
 by the union of carbonic 
 acid witli a base. [carbon. 
 
 ■Gar-b6n'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 €ar'boy, n. A globular bottle 
 protected by basket-work. 
 
 ■€ar'bun-ele, n. An inflam- 
 matory tumor ; a red gem. 
 
 ■Gar'-eass, n. A dead body ; 
 decaying remains. 
 
 ■Card, n. A pasteboard pre- 
 pared for various uses ; a 
 w^rittQn note ; a large comb 
 for wool. — V. t. To comb 
 wool. 
 
 •€ar'di-3,-c, a. Pertaining to 
 the heart. 
 
 ■ear'di-ual, a. Principal ; 
 chief. — n. A high dignitary 
 of the Catholic church. 
 
 -eard'-ta'ble, n. A table for 
 playing cards on. 
 
 ■Care, n. Uneasiness of mind ; 
 solicitude ; caution ; man- 
 agement. — V. i. To be 
 anxious ; to heed. 
 
 ■Ga-reen', v. t. To heave on 
 one side, as a ship. 
 
 •Ga-reer', n. A course ; race. 
 
 •Gare'ful (17), a. Anxious; 
 watchful ; saving. 
 
 ■Gare'less, a. Heedless ; 
 having no care. 
 
 ■Ga-ress', v. t. To embrace ; 
 to fondle. — n. Endearment, 
 
 -Ga'ret, n. This mark (a), 
 noting omission, 
 
 ■Gar'go, n. A ship's freight, 
 
 €ar'i-ca-ture', n. A represen- 
 tation exaggerated to de- 
 formity ; a ludicrous like- 
 ness, — V. t. To represent 
 ludicrously. 
 
 -G^r'i-ca-tur/ist, n. One who 
 caricatures. [bone. 
 
 •Ga'ri-es, n. Ulceration of a 
 
 ■Gar'i-ole, n. A light carriage. 
 
 •Ga'ri-ous, a. Decayed ; ulcer- 
 ated ; defective. 
 
 •Garl, n, A rude, rustic man. 
 
 •Gar'mine, n. A bright red 
 pigment or color. 
 
 ■Gar'nage, n. Destruction of 
 lives ; slaughter ; massacre. 
 
 ■Gar'nal, a. Fleshly ; sensual. 
 
 ■Gar-n^l'i-ty, n. Fleshly de- 
 sires, 
 
 ■Gar-na'tion, w. Flesh color ; 
 a beautiful flower. [stone. 
 
 ■Gar-nel'ian, 71. A precioua 
 
 ■Gar'ni-val, n. A Catholic 
 festival celebrated for a 
 number of days before Lent. 
 
 •Gar-niv'o-rous, a. Feeding 
 on flesh. 
 
 ■Gar'ol, n. A song of joy ; a 
 hymn. — v. i. (8) To war- 
 ble : to sing. 
 
 ■Ga-r6t'id, a. One of the two 
 chief arteries of the neck. 
 
 •Ga-rou§'al, n. A revel. 
 
 ■Ga-rouse', v. i. To drink free- 
 ly. — n. A jovial drinking 
 match. 
 
 •Garp, n. A fresh-water fish. 
 — V. i. To find fault; to 
 cavil. [houses or ships. 
 
 ■Gar'pen-ter, n. A builder of 
 
 ■Gar'pen-try,n. Art of build- 
 ing houses or ships, 
 
 ■Gar'pet, n. A covering for 
 a floor. — V. t. To cover 
 with a carpet- 
 
 ■Gar'pet-ing, n. Carpets in 
 general. 
 
 ■Gar'riage (kar^rij), n. A vehi- 
 cle ; conveyance ; behavior. 
 
 ■Gar'ri-er, n. One who carries. 
 
 ■Gar'ri-on, n. Putrid flesh. 
 
 ■G^r'rot, n. A common gar- 
 den vegetable. 
 
 •Gar'ry, v. t. To bear ; to con- 
 vey ; to effect ; to behave. 
 
 ■Gar'ry-all, 71. A light four- 
 wheeled vehicle. 
 
 ■Gart, n. A carriage with two 
 wheels for heavy commodi- 
 ties. — V. t. To convey in a 
 cart, [for, carting. 
 
 •Gart'age, n. Act of, or charge 
 
 •Gar-tel', ?i. Agreement in re- 
 lation to exchange of pris- 
 oners : a challenge, [cart. 
 
 •Gart'er, n. One who drives a 
 
 ■Gar'ti-lage, n. Gristle. 
 
 89n, or, dQ, w61f, tcTo, to'ok ; fim, ri]e, pnll ; 9, g, soft; g, hard; arj ; exist ; q as ng ; tliis. 
 
CARTILAGINOUS 
 
 •€ar/ti-lag'i-nous,a. Pertain- 
 ing to cartilage ; gristly. 
 
 ■€ar-tobn', n. A drawing on 
 large, strong paper. 
 
 ■Gar-touch' (-tooch''), n. A 
 case for musket-balls, &c. 
 
 •€ar'tridge, n. A paper case 
 for powder, [for cartridges. 
 
 •Gar'tridge-lDOX, n. A box 
 
 •€arve, v. t. To cut artistic- 
 ally, as wood, &c. ; to cut 
 into small pieces, as meat. 
 
 •€as-eade', n. A waterfall. 
 
 •€ase, n. A covering ; box ; 
 state ; variation of nouns ; a 
 cause or suit in court. — v. 
 t. To put in a case. 
 
 •€ase'-hard/en (-harden), v. t. 
 To harden on the outside. 
 
 ■€ase'mate, n. A bomb- 
 proof chamber for cannon. 
 
 -Gase'ment, n. The glazed 
 frame of a window. 
 
 •€a'se-ous, a. Pertaining to, 
 or like, cheese. 
 
 •€^sh, n. Money ; coin ; bank- 
 notes. — V. t. To convert 
 into money. 
 
 •€ash'-bdt)k, n. A book in 
 which accounts of money 
 are kept. 
 
 •Cash-ier', n. One who has the 
 charge of money in a bank, 
 &c. — f. t. To dismiss from 
 office. [of shawl. 
 
 Gash'mere, n. A rich kind 
 
 •€as'ing, n. A covering ; a 
 case. [barrel. 
 
 •€ask, n. A small vessel like a 
 Gask'et, n. A small chest for 
 jewels. 
 
 •Gasque, n. A helmet, [void. 
 •Gas-sa'tion, n. A making 
 •Gas'sia (kash/a), n. A cheap 
 
 kind of cinnamon. 
 •Gas'si-mere, n. A kind of 
 
 thin twilled woolen cloth. 
 -Gas'sock, n. A close kind of 
 
 frock-coat for clergymen 
 •Gas'so-wa-ry, n. A large bird 
 
 resembling the ostrich. 
 •Gast, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 CAST.] To throw ; to fling ; 
 to found or form ; to calcu- 
 late. — n. A throw ; motion ; 
 mold ; turn ; appearance 
 •Gas'ta-net, n. A rattling in- 
 strument used in dancing' 
 
 54 
 
 \ 
 
 ■Gast'a-way, n. One aban- 
 doned to destruction. 
 
 -Gaste, n. A fixed class in 
 society. [like a castle. 
 
 -Gas'tel-la^ted, a. Turreted 
 
 ■Gast'er, n. One who casts ; a 
 small wheel ; a cruet or 
 phial ; a stand for cruets. 
 
 -G^s'ti-gate, v. t. To chastise. 
 
 ■Gas^ti-ga'tion, n. Coriection ; 
 chastisement. [in a mold. 
 
 ■Gast'ing, n. Any thing shaped 
 
 •Gast'ing-vote, n. A vote 
 that decides when the others 
 are equally divided. 
 
 •Gasaie (kas'l), n. A fortified 
 house ; a fortress. 
 
 ■G^s'tled (kSs'ld), a. Fur- 
 nished with castles. 
 
 ■Gas'tor, n. A beaver. 
 
 ■Gas'tor-oil, n. A cathartic 
 vegetable oil. [unman 
 
 ■Gas'trate, v. t. To geld ; to 
 
 •Gas-tra'tion, n. Act of geld- 
 ing. 
 
 -Gag'u-al (kazVii-al), a. Hap- 
 pening without design. — 
 Syn. Accidental; incident- 
 al, [chance. 
 ■GS,§'u-al-ty, n. An accident ; 
 ■Ga§'u-ist, n. One who re- 
 solves cases of conscience. 
 ■Ga§ai-ist'i-C, \a. Relating^ 
 ■G^§/u-ist'i€-al, ) to cases 
 
 of conscience. 
 •Gas'u-ist-ry, n. The science 
 
 or practice of a casuist. 
 -Gat, n. A domestic animal ; 
 
 a tackle ; a whip. 
 -Gat'a-eomb (-kom), n. A 
 
 cave for the dead. 
 -Gat^a-eous'ti-es, n. sing. Sci- 
 ence of echoes. 
 ■Gat'a-lep'sy, n. Sudden sup- 
 pression of sensation. 
 ■Gat'a-16gue, w. A list ; reg- 
 ister of names. — v. t. To 
 make a list of. 
 ■Gat'a-mount, n. A wild cat. 
 -Gat'a-piagm, n. A poultice. 
 -Gat'a-ra-et, n. A large water- 
 fall ; disorder in the eye. 
 ■Ga-tarrh' (ka-tarO,w. A cold 
 
 in the head. 
 ■Ga-tas'tro-phe, n. Final 
 
 event ; calamity ; disaster. 
 ■Gat '--call, n. A squeaking in- 
 strument used in theatres. 
 
 CATHOLIC 
 
 •Gatch, V. i [imp. & p. p. 
 
 CATCHED, CAUGHT.] To 
 
 seize ; to take ; to receive ; 
 to find ; to overtake. — n. 
 Act of seizing ; that which 
 seizes ; a snatch ; a song. 
 ■G3,tch'ing, a. Infectious ; 
 
 contagious. 
 ■GS.tch'pen-ny, n. Something 
 
 worthless, to gain money. 
 -Gatch'up, ]n. A sauce pre- 
 ■GS-t'sup, j pared from to- 
 matoes or walnuts, &c. 
 -Gatch'-word (-wurd), n. First 
 word of a page put at the bot- 
 tom of the preceding page. 
 ■Gat^e-^het'i-e, ) a. Con- 
 -GaVe-ehet'i-e al, i sisting 
 
 of question and answer. 
 ■Gat'e-chige (81), v. t. To 
 teach by questions and an- 
 swers : to question. 
 ■GS,t'e-€hi§m, n. A form of 
 instruction by means of 
 questions and answers. 
 "Gat'e-ehist, n. One who 
 
 catechiseg. 
 -G^t'e-chu, n. An astringent 
 
 vegetable extract. 
 ■GS-t'e-chu'men (-kQ/men), n. 
 
 One learning the rudiments 
 ; of Christianity. 
 -GaVe-gSr'i-e-al, a. Absolute ; 
 
 positive ; express. 
 •Gat'e-go-ry, n. Predicament ; 
 
 state ; condition. 
 ■Gat/e-na'ri-an, \ a. Relating 
 •Gat'e-na-ry, j to, or like, 
 a chain. [connection. 
 •Gat'e-na'tion, n. Regular 
 •Ga'ter, v. i. To provide food. 
 -Ga'ter-er, n. One who pro- 
 vides food ; a purveyor. 
 ■Gat'er-piPlar, n. The larve 
 
 or worm state of insects. 
 ■G&t'er-waul, v. i. To cry as 
 a cat. ' [fresh-water fish. 
 ■Gat'-fish, n. An American 
 -Gat '-gut, n. Intestines dried 
 
 and twisted for strings. 
 ■Ga-thar'ti-c, a. Purgative. 
 
 — n. A purgative medicine. 
 •Ga-the'dral, 71. The princi- 
 pal church in a diocese. 
 ■Gath'e-ter, n. Instrument to 
 draw urine from the bladder. 
 •Gath'o-li-e, a. Universal ; per- 
 taining to all Christians; 
 
 Clii. UlllCrU L UCCV* lU. VACHJ»jllJg . ui/i v«ii»vyi^./ ^^^^ . 
 
 5, e, 1, o, u, y, long ; a, 5, 1, 6,u,y, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, term ; pique, firm; 
 
CATHOLICISM 
 
 55 
 
 CENTRICAL 
 
 pertaining to the Church of 
 Rome. — n. A member of 
 the Church of Rome. 
 
 •Ga-th61'i-Qi§m, w. LiberaHty; 
 adherence to the Roman 
 Catholic Church. 
 
 •eath'o-liQ'i-ty, n. Catholi- 
 cism. 
 
 '€a-th61'i-€5n, n. A universal 
 medicine. 
 
 ■eat'kin, n. A 
 species of in- 
 florescence. 
 
 •e&t'nip, n. A 
 well -known ar- 
 omatic plant. 
 
 •eat'' - o'- nlne'- 
 
 tailg, w. A Catkin, 
 whip with nine lashes. 
 
 •€&t's'-paw, n. The tool of 
 another; a dupe. 
 
 •eat'tle (kat/tl), n. pL Beasts 
 of pasture. [ing- 
 
 ■Cau'-eus, n. A political raeet- 
 
 "Gau'dal, a. Pertaining to the 
 tail. 
 
 ■Cau'dle, n. A mixture of wine 
 and other ingredients. 
 
 •Caught (kawt), i7np. & p. p. 
 of Catch. 
 
 •Caul, n. A net for the head ; 
 a membrane covering the 
 intestines. [cabbage. 
 
 •Cau'li-flow'er, n. A species of 
 
 •Cau-§3,l'i-ty, n. The agency 
 of a cause. [ing. 
 
 •Cau-ga'tion, n. Act of caus- 
 
 •Caug'a-tive, a. Expressing a 
 cause ; causing. 
 
 •Cauge, n. That which pro- 
 duces an effect ; reason ; a 
 lawsuit ; side of a question. 
 — V. t. To make ; to exist. 
 
 •Cauge'way, n. A raised way 
 over wet ground. 
 
 •Caus'tic, a. Corrosive. — n. 
 A burning application. 
 
 •Caus-tig'i-ty, n. Quality of 
 being caustic. 
 
 •Cau'ter-Ize, v. t. To burn or 
 sear with a hot iron, &c. 
 
 •Cau'ter-y, n. A searing with 
 a hot iron or caustics. 
 
 •Cau'tion, n. Prudence ; care ; 
 admonition. — v.t. Toad- 
 vise against. 
 
 •Cau'tious, a. Prudent ; 
 watchful against danger. 
 
 •G3,v'al~eade',n. A procession 
 
 on horseback. 
 •CaVa-li^r', n. A horseman ; 
 
 a knight. — a. Brave j 
 
 haughty ; disdainful. 
 •Cav'al-ry , n. Mounted troops, 
 ■Cave, n. A den ; a cavern ; a, 
 
 hollow place in the earth. — 
 
 V. t. To make hollow. — v. 
 
 i. To fall in. 
 ■G5,v'ern, n. A cave ; a den. 
 ■Ca,v'ern-ous, a. Hollow. 
 ■Ca-viare' (-veer'), I n. The 
 ■C3,v'i-ar, j roes of 
 
 certain fish salted. 
 ■Cav'il (8), t'. t. To find fault. 
 
 — n. Captious objection. 
 ■Cav'i-ty, n. A hollow place. 
 ■Caw, V. i. To cry, as a rook, 
 
 crow, or raven. — n. Cry of 
 
 a rook, raven, or crow. 
 ■Cay-6nne', n. A pungent 
 
 pepper. 
 
 -Ca-.'lique' (zeekO, n. An In- 
 dian chief, or king. 
 
 Qease, v. i. To stop ; to leave 
 off; to desist. [incessant. 
 
 Cease'less, a. Never ceasing ; 
 
 Qe'dar, n. An 
 evergreen tree. 
 
 Qede, V. t. To 
 
 , yield ; to give 
 
 \ up ; to resign. 
 
 ge-diPla, n. A 
 mark under c ^ , 
 (thus, 9) giv- C^^"- 
 ing it the sound of 5. 
 
 Ceil, V. t. To line the roof. 
 
 Qeil'ing, n. Covering of the 
 inner roof. [to extol. 
 
 Cel'e-brate, v. t. To praise ; 
 
 QgPe-brat^ed, a. Distin- 
 guished ; famous. 
 
 QePe-bra'tion, n. Honor or 
 distinction bestowed; com- 
 memoration. 
 
 Qe-lgb'ri-ty, n. Fame ; dis- 
 tinction ; renown, [speed. 
 
 Ce-ler'i-ty, n. Swiftness ; 
 
 Qel'er-y, n. A plant culti- 
 vated for the table. 
 
 Qe-les'tial (-lest/yal), a. 
 Heavenly. — n. An inhabi- 
 tant of heaven. [state. 
 
 Q61'i-ba-gy, n. Unmarried 
 n. A small room ; small, 
 closed cavity. [building. 
 
 Qel'lar, n. A room under a I 
 
 QSll'u-lar, a. Consisting of, 
 or containing, cells. 
 
 Q61t, n. One of ancient race, 
 from whom the Welsh, Irish, 
 &c. , are descended. [Celts. 
 
 Celt'i-e, a. Pertaining to the 
 
 Qem'ent, or Qc-m6nt', n. An 
 adhesive substance which 
 unites bodies. — v. To join 
 closely. 
 
 Qem'e-ter^y, n. A placo 
 where the dead are buried. 
 
 ^en'o-bite, n. A kind of 
 monk. 
 
 ^en'o-t&ph, n. A monument 
 to one buried elsewhere. 
 
 C^ns'er, n. An incense-pan. 
 
 Qen'sor, n. A Roman magis- 
 trate ; one who examines 
 manuscripts for the press ; 
 a harsh critic. 
 
 Qen-so'ri-oiis, a. Severe ; 
 prone to find fault. 
 
 Qen'sur-a-ble (sC-n'shur-), a. 
 Deserving of censure. 
 
 Qen'sure (sen'shur), n. 
 Blame. — v. t. To blame. 
 
 ■CSn'sus, n. An official enu- 
 meration of inhabitants. 
 
 Qent, n. A copper or nickel 
 coin of the United States. 
 
 QSn'taur, n. A fabulous 
 monster, half man, half 
 horse. 
 
 Qen-t6n'ni-al, a. Happening 
 
 once in a hundred years. 
 CSn'ter I (29), n. The mid- 
 Qgn'tre ) die point. — v. t. 
 or i. To place or meet on 
 the middle point. 
 Qen'ter-bit, I n. An instni- 
 yen'tre-bit, j ment for bor- 
 ing holes. 
 QSn'ti-grade, a. Having a 
 
 hundred degrees. 
 Qen'ti-pSd, n. An insect with 
 
 a great many feet, 
 ^en'to, n. A piece made up 
 of passages from difierent 
 authors. 
 Qen'tral, a. Relating to the 
 
 center ; near the center. 
 Q^n-'tral-i-za'tion, «. Act of 
 centralizing. [to a center. 
 Cen'tral-ize, v. t. To bring 
 Qen'tri-e, 
 Q6n'tri€-al, 
 
 central. 
 
 Placed 
 the center ; 
 
 son, or, dQ, wglf, too, toW; lim, rije, pyll ; f , ^, soft; €y gy.hard; ; exist ; Q as ng ; this. 
 
CENTRICITY 
 
 56 
 
 CHAPERON 
 
 Qen-triQ'i-ty, n. State of 
 being centric. 
 
 Qen-trif'u-gal, a. Tending 
 from the center. 
 
 Qen-trip'e-tal, a. Tending to 
 the center. [fold. 
 
 C§n'tu-ple, a. A hundred- 
 
 §en-tu'ri-on, n. A Roman 
 military officer placed over 
 one hundred men. [years. 
 
 Cent'u-ry, n. A hundred 
 
 Ce-phal'i-c, c Relating to 
 
 ' the head. [oil, &c. 
 
 Qe'rate, n. Ointment of wax, 
 
 Qeve. v.t. To wax. 
 
 QSr'e-bral, a. Pertaining to 
 the brain. 
 
 Cere'-eloth, n. A waxed cloth. 
 
 Qer''e-m5'ni-al, a. Relat- 
 ing to rites. — n. Outward 
 form. 
 
 Qer/e-mo'ni-ous, a. Full of 
 ceremony ; formal ; exact. 
 
 g?,r'e-ino-ny, n. Outward 
 rite. [one or some. 
 
 Qer'tain, a. Sure; regular; 
 
 ger'tain-ty, n. Full assur- 
 ance ; established fact. 
 
 ger-tif'i-cate, n. A testi- 
 mony in writing. 
 
 ger'ti-fy, v- t. To give cer- 
 tain notice. [doubt. 
 
 Qer'ti-tude, n. Freedom from 
 
 ge-ru'le-an, a. Sky-colored ; 
 blue. 
 
 ge'ruse,n. White lead ; na- 
 tive carbonate of lead. 
 
 ger'vi-€al, a. Relating to 
 the neck. 
 
 ges-sa'tion, n. Stop ; pause ; 
 rest ; respite. 
 
 ggs'sion (sesh^un), n. A giv- 
 ing up ; a yielding. 
 
 ge-§u'ra (18), n. A pause in 
 Terse. [cesura. 
 
 Ce-§u'ral, a. Relating to a 
 
 ge-ta'cean, n. An animal of 
 the whale kind. [kind. 
 
 ge-ta'ceous, a. Of the whale 
 
 Chafe. — V. t. or i. To fret ; 
 to irritate. — n. Irritation. 
 
 Chafer, n. One who chafes ; 
 an insect. [refuse. 
 
 Chaff (1), M. Husks of grain ; 
 
 Chaffer, v. To bargain. 
 
 Chaffinch, n. A singing 
 bird ; a kind of finch. 
 
 Chaffy, a. Full of chaff. 
 
 Cha'fing-dish, n. A dish for 
 holding hot coals, &c. 
 
 gha-green' (sha-greenO, n. 
 A rough-grained leather. 
 
 gha-grin', n. Ill-humor $ 
 vexation. — v. t. To vex. 
 
 Chain, n. A line of Hnks. — 
 v.t. To fasten with a chain. 
 
 Chain'-sh6t, n. jik 
 pi. Shot con- WWg^ 
 nected by a Chain-shot, 
 chain or bar. 
 
 Chair, n. A movable seat. 
 
 Chair'man (21), n. A pre- 
 siding officer. 
 
 ghaise, n. A two-wheeled 
 covered carriage. 
 
 -Chal-ged'o-ny, or -Chai'Qe- 
 do-ny, n. A variety of 
 quartz. 
 
 Chaf dron, n. A measure of 
 36 bushels. [munion cup. 
 
 Chal'iQe, n. A cup ; a com- 
 
 Chalk (chawk), n. A white 
 calcareous earth. — v. t. To 
 mark with chalk. 
 
 Chalk'y (chawk^y), a. Con- 
 sisting of, or resembling, 
 chalk. 
 
 Challenge, v. t. To call to 
 fight; to claim as due; to 
 object to. — n. Summons to 
 a contest ; exception to a 
 juror. [nated with iron. 
 
 Cha-lyb'e-ate, a. Impreg- 
 
 Cham'ber, n. An upper room ; 
 a hollow place ; a kind of 
 court. — V. t. or i. To lodge. 
 
 Cham'ber-lain, n. An over- 
 seer of the chambers. 
 
 Cham'ber-maid, n. A female 
 who has the charge of bed- 
 chambers. 
 
 Cha-me'le-on, n. A species 
 of lizard, whose color is 
 changeable. 
 
 Cham'fer, v. t. To cut a 
 groove in ; to bevel. 
 
 g h a m'o i s 
 (shum/my 
 or sh a- 
 moyOj 
 A kind of 
 antelope. 
 
 •e h a m ' o --^^^mmm'^ 
 mile,n. A 
 plant. Chamois. 
 
 Champ, V. t. or i. To chew, 
 
 gham-pagne' (sham-pin/), n. 
 A brisk, sparkling wine. 
 
 gham-paign' (sham-pin-' ) , a. 
 Open ; Hat. — n. An open, 
 fl^at country. 
 
 Cham'pi-on, n. A combatant 
 for another, or for a cause. 
 
 Change, n. An unforeseen 
 occurrence. — Syn. Acci- 
 dent ; hazard ; opportunity. 
 
 — V. i. To happen. 
 Chan'Qel,n. Part of a church 
 
 Avhere the altar stands. 
 
 Chan'Qel-lor(7), n. An officer 
 of state ; judge of a court of 
 equity. [equity. 
 
 Chan'ger-y, n. A court of 
 
 ghan^de-lier', n. A frame or 
 support for lights. 
 
 Chan'dler , n. One who dealsitf 
 candles, &c. [by a chandler. 
 
 Chan'dier-y, n. Articles sold 
 
 Change, v. t. or i. To alter ; 
 to exchange. — n. Altera- 
 tion ; small money. 
 
 Change'a-ble, a. Subject to 
 change ; fickle. 
 
 Change'ful,a. Full of change. 
 
 Change'less,a. Constant ; in- 
 variable. 
 
 Change'ling, n. A fickle per- 
 son ; an idiot. 
 
 Chan'nel, n. Course of a 
 stream ; a furrow ; a groove. 
 
 — V. t. (8), To cut into 
 channels ; to groove. 
 
 Chant, V. t. or i. To sing ; to 
 recite to musical tones with- 
 out musical measure. — n. 
 Song ; musical recitation. 
 
 Chant 'i-cleer, n. The male 
 of domestic fowls ; a cock. 
 
 Chant'ry, n. A chapel to 
 sing mass in for the souls of 
 the donors. 
 
 ■Cha'os (ka^os), n. Confused 
 mass of matter ; confusion. 
 
 ■Cha-6t'i€ (ka-6t/ik), a. Re- 
 sembling chaos ; confused. 
 
 Chap (ch3p or ch5p), n. A 
 crack in flesh. — v. t. or i. 
 To open ; to crack ; to split. 
 
 — n. A boy ; a buyer. 
 ChS,p'el, n. A place of wor- 
 ship, [of a chapel. 
 
 Chap'el-ry, n. Jurisdiction 
 gMp'er-on (shSp''er-5n), v. t. 
 To attend and protect in 
 
 a, S, !, 0, u, y, long; 5, g, I, 6, tt, y, short ; eOre, car, ask, jiU, wh;jt ; gre, v§il, tSrm ; pique, firm: 
 
CHAPLAIN 
 
 57 
 
 CHILD 
 
 public. — n. A lady's attend- 
 ant and protector. 
 Chap'lain, n. A clergyman 
 
 of the army or navy, &c. 
 Chap'lain-Qy, ) n. Office 
 Ch3,p'lam-ship, j of a chap- 
 lain, [wreath. 
 Chap'let, n. A garland or 
 Ch3,p'man (21), n. A dealer. 
 Chaps (ch6ps), n. pi. The 
 
 iiiouth or jaws. 
 Ch^p'ter, n. A division of a 
 book ; an organized branch 
 of some body. 
 Char, V. t. To reduce to coal. 
 •€har'a€-ter, n. A mark or 
 letter ; peculiar quality ; 
 reputation. 
 •€har'a€-ter-is'tic, a. Con- 
 stituting or indicating char- 
 acter. — n. That which 
 marks the character. 
 ■Char'arC-ter-ize, v. t. To dis- 
 tinguish or express the pe- 
 culiar qualities of. [die. 
 ha-rade', n. A kind of rid- 
 har'-e5al, n. Coal from wood. 
 Charge, V. t. To impose; to 
 enjoin ; to accuse ; to im- 
 pute ; to load. — v. i. To 
 make an onset. — n. Care ; 
 command ; commission ; ex- 
 pense; onset. 
 Charge'a-ble, a. Expensive. 
 Char'ger, n. A large dish ; a 
 war-horse. [ga-lly- 
 Char'i-ly, adv. Warily ; fru- 
 Char'i-ot, n. A carriage of 
 
 pleasure or state. 
 Char^i-ot-eer', n. Driver of 
 a chariot. [kind. 
 Char'i-ta-ble, a. Liberal ; 
 Char'i-ty, n. Love ; liberal- 
 ity ; alms ; candor, [quack. 
 Qharl'a-tan (sharF-), n. A 
 9harl'a-tan-ry,n. Quackery. 
 Charm, n. Magic power ; 
 spell; enchantment. — v. t. 
 To delight ; to delude ; to 
 subdue. — r. t. To act as a 
 charm. 
 
 Charm'ing, a. DelightfuL 
 Char'nel-house, n. A place 
 under a church for bones of 
 the dead. [coasts, &c. 
 
 Chart, n. A delineation of 
 Char'ter, n. A deed or con- 
 veyance ; a patent ,• a grant. 
 
 — v.t.To establish by char- 
 ter ; to let or hire, as a ves- 
 sel, [political reformer. 
 
 Chart'ist, n. An English 
 
 Char'y, a. Careful ; cautious. 
 
 Chase, v. t. To hunt; to pur- 
 sue. — n. Pursuit ; a print- 
 er's frame ; a wide groove. 
 
 ■eha,§m (kazm), n. A cleft ; 
 gap; opening. 
 
 Chaste, a. Undefiled; pure. 
 
 Chas'ten (chas/n), v. t. To 
 correct by punishment. 
 
 Chas'ten-ihg, n. Correction. 
 
 Chas-tise', v. t. To correct. 
 
 Chas'tise-ment, n. Correct- 
 ive puliishment. 
 
 Chas'ti-ty, j n. Purity of 
 
 Chaste'ness, ) body or words. 
 
 Chat, V. i. To talk familiarly. 
 
 — 11. Idle or familiar talk. 
 Qat-t-eau' (shat-oO, «• A 
 
 castle or country-seat. 
 Ch&t'tel (chiit/tl), n. Any 
 
 movable property. 
 Chapter, V. i. Totalkidly.— 
 
 n. A prating; noise of 
 
 birds. 
 
 Chat'ter-b6x, n. One who 
 
 talks incessantly. 
 Chat'ty, a. Talkative, [mon. 
 Cheap, a. Of low price ; com- 
 Cheap'en, v. t. To attempt 
 
 to buy ; to chaffer for. 
 Cheap'ness, n. Lowness of 
 
 price. 
 
 Cheat, n. A trick ; a deceiv- 
 er. —f. t. To deceive. 
 
 Check, V. t. To curb or re- 
 strain ; to mark off, as in a 
 list. — n. Restraint ; an or- 
 der for money. 
 
 Check'er, v. t. To diversify. 
 
 Check'er-board, ;i. Aboard 
 for playing checkers on. 
 
 Check'ers, n. pi. A game on 
 a checkered board. 
 
 ChSck'mate, n. A movement 
 in chess that ends the game. 
 
 — V. t. To defeat com- 
 pletely. 
 
 Cheek, n . The side of the face. 
 
 Cheer, n. Mirth ; entertain- 
 ment ; acclamation. — v. t. 
 To cause to rejoice ; to en- 
 liven ; to salute by cheers. 
 
 Cheer'ful, a. Lively; gay; 
 sprightly ; animated. 
 
 Cheer'ful-ness, n. Gayety ; 
 
 ahicrity. [sad ; gloomy. 
 Cheer'less, a* Comfortless ; 
 Cheer'y, a. Cay ; sprightly. 
 Cheege, n. The curd of milk 
 
 coagulated and pressed. 
 Chee§e'-€ake, n. A cake 
 
 made of soft curds, sugar, 
 
 and butter. 
 ■Chem'i€-al, a. Pertaining to 
 
 chemistry. 
 Q!he-mi§e' (she-meezO, n. An 
 
 under garment of a woman. 
 •Chem'ist, n. One versed in 
 
 chemistry. 
 -Ch6m'is-try, n. Science that 
 
 treats of the composition and 
 
 changes of sub.<tances. 
 Cher'ish, r. t. To treat with 
 
 tenderness; to nourish. 
 Cher'ry, n. A tree and its 
 
 fruit. 
 
 ■Gher'so-nese,n. A peninsula. 
 Ch^r'ub (25), n. A celestial 
 
 spirit ; an angel. 
 Che-ru'bic, a. Angelic, [skill. 
 ChSss, »i. A certain game of 
 Chess'-board , n. A board 
 
 used in the game of chess. 
 Ch6st, n. A large box ; the 
 
 thorax. 
 
 Chest'nut, n. A tree and its 
 nut, — a. Reddish brown. 
 
 ^hev'a-lier' (shev/-), t?. A 
 knight ; horseman ; cavalier. 
 
 Chew (chdo), r. t. To grind 
 with the teeth ; to masticate. 
 
 ^hi-cane' (shi-), I n. Shift ; 
 
 Qhi-ean'er-y, j trickery. 
 
 Chick, In. The young of 
 
 Chick'en, ) fowls. 
 
 Chick'en-hearVed, a. Cow- 
 ardly ; timid. 
 
 Chick'en-pox, n. A conta- 
 gious eruptive disease. 
 
 Chick 'weed, n. A Aveed. 
 
 Chide, V. t. [i7?jp. ciiiD ; p. p. 
 
 CHID, CHIDDEN.] To SCOld. 
 
 Chief, a. Highest in office ; 
 
 principal. — n. A leader; 
 
 commander; head of a clan. 
 Chiefly, adv. Principally; 
 
 especially. 
 Chieftain, n. A captain or 
 
 leader. 
 
 Chil'blain, n, A swelling or 
 sore caused by cold. [ter. 
 Child (22), n, Asonordaugh- 
 
 8 
 
 s6n, or, do, wglf, t(5"o, tdbk ; dm, rye, piiU ; ^, soft; g, hard; as ; exist ; u as ng ; this. 
 
CHILDBED 
 
 58 
 
 CHUM 
 
 Child'bgd, n. The state of 
 
 travail or childbirth. 
 Child'birth, n. Travail ; labor. 
 Child'hdbd, n. State of a 
 
 child ; time of being a child. 
 Child'ish, a. Like a child ; 
 
 simple ; trifling. 
 Chlld'less,a. Having no child. 
 Chil'dren, n. pL of Child. 
 Chill (1), a. Cold ; inducing a 
 
 shivering. — n. Moderate 
 
 cold. — V. t. To make cold ; 
 
 to discourage. ' 
 Chill'i-ness, n. Coldness. 
 Chill'y, a. Somewhat cold. 
 Chime, n. A set of bells or 
 
 the tune played on them ; 
 
 edge of a cask. — v. i. To 
 
 sound in harmony. 
 Chim'er, n. One who chimes. 
 •Chi-me'ra (18), n. A vain, 
 
 idle fancy. [fanciful. 
 ■Chi-mer'i-eal, a. Imaginary ; 
 Chim'ney (19), n. A flue or 
 
 passage for smoke. [face. 
 Chin, n. Lower end of the 
 ChPna ( 18 ) , 71 . A fine kind of 
 
 earthen-ware ; porcelain. 
 Chine, Back-bone ; part of 
 
 a cask in which the head is. 
 Chink, n. Gap; opening; 
 
 crack. — v. To crack ; to 
 
 jingle. 
 
 Chink'y, a. H iving chinks. 
 
 Chintz (chints), n. Cotton 
 cloth printed \\ it\i colors. 
 
 Chip, n. A piece cut off ; a 
 fragment. — v. t. To cut 
 into small pieces. — v. i. To 
 break off in small pieces. 
 
 •€hi-rog'ra-pher, n. A writer. 
 
 •€hl-r6g'ra-phy,n. One's own 
 hand-writing; penmanship. 
 
 •Chi'ro-man/Qy, n. Divina- 
 tion by inspecting the hand. 
 
 •Chi-r6p'o-dist, n. One who 
 extracts corns from feet. 
 
 Chirp, V. i. To make the 
 noise of small birds. — n. A 
 short, sharp note, as of a 
 small bird. [chirping. 
 
 Chir'rup, v.t. To animate by 
 
 Chis'el, n. A tool for paring, 
 hewing, or gouging. — v. t. 
 (8) To cut with a chisel. 
 
 Chit, n. A shoot ; small child. 
 
 Chit'chat, n. Familiar talk. 
 
 Qhiv'al-ri-e, a. Chivalrous. 
 
 Qhiv'al-rous (shTv^-), a. Per- 
 taining to chivalry ; gallant. 
 
 Qhiv'al-ry (shiv/al-r^), n. 
 Knight errantry ; valor. 
 
 Chives, n. pi. Threads in 
 blossoms. 
 
 •Ghl5'rine, n. Heavy green- 
 ish colored gas. [full. 
 
 Chock'-fuU, a. Completely 
 
 Choe'o-late, n. A preparation 
 of the cacao-nut. 
 
 ChoiQe^ n. Act of choosing. — 
 a. Select ; precious. 
 
 •Choir (kwTr), n. Part of a 
 church ; body of singers. 
 
 Choke, V. t. To stop the 
 windpipe ; to suffocate. — 
 V. i. To have the windpipe 
 stopped. 
 
 Ch5ke'-d3-mp, n. A noxious 
 vapor in wells, mines, &c. 
 
 Ch5ke'-full, a. Full to chok- 
 ing ; quite full. 
 
 Choke'-pear, n. A kind of 
 pear, very astringent. 
 
 Ch5k'y,a. Tending to choke. 
 
 ■Ghdl'er, n. Bile ; gall ; anger. 
 
 ■Gh6Per-a, n. A mahgnant 
 disease. 
 
 ■ChoVer-a-mor'bus. n. A 
 
 milder form of cholera. 
 •Chol'er-i€, a. Passionate. 
 Chooge, V. t. [imp. CHOSE ; 
 
 p. p. CHOSEN, CFlOSE.j 
 
 To make choice of. — Syiv. 
 To prefer; elect. — v. i. To 
 make a selection. 
 
 Ch6p (7), V, t. or i. To cut ; to 
 mince ; to barter. — n. A 
 small piece of meat, [house. 
 
 Chop'-house, n. A dining- 
 
 Chdp'ping, a. Large ; plump. 
 
 Chops, n, pL The jaws. 
 
 ■Cho'ral (ko^ral), a. Belong- 
 ing to a choir. 
 
 ■Chord, n. String of a musical 
 instrument ; c 
 concord ; a 
 line uniting A/ 
 the extremi- 
 ties of an arc. 
 
 Chore, n. K , 
 small job of ^^^^rd. 
 work. AC, AB, chords. 
 
 ■Gh6r'is-ter, n. A leader of a 
 choir ; a chorist. 
 
 ■Cho-r6g'ra-phy, n. Descrip- 
 tion of a particular region. 
 
 •ChS'rus (18), n. A company of 
 singers; part of a song in 
 which all join. 
 
 Cho§e,tm;7. &[,p.p.of Choose. 
 
 Cho'gen (cho'zn), p. p. of 
 Choose. [the crow family. 
 
 Chough (chUf), n. A bird of 
 
 Chow'der, w. Fish, biscuit, 
 &c., stewed together. 
 
 "Chri§m, n. Consecrated oil. 
 
 ■Christ, n. The Messiah. 
 
 ■Chris'ten (krTs/n), v. t. To 
 baptize and name. 
 
 ■Chrisaen-dom (kris'n-), n. 
 Territory of Christians. 
 
 ■Chris'tian (krist/yan), n. A 
 disciple of Christ. — a. Per- 
 taining to Christ. — Chris- 
 tian name., the first name. 
 
 •Ghris-tian'i-ty, n. The re- 
 ligion taught by Christ. 
 
 ■Chris'tian-ize, v. t. To con- 
 vert to Christianity. 
 
 •Christ'mas (kris^mas), n. The 
 feast of Christ's nativity. 
 
 •Chro-m3,t'i€, a. Relating to 
 colors and to a scale in music. 
 
 ■Chrome, ) n. A hard 
 
 •Chro'mi-um, ) brittle metal 
 of a grayish-white color. 
 
 •Chron'ic, a. Of long duration. 
 
 •Chr6n'i-€le (krSn'i-kl), n. A 
 register of events. — v. t. To 
 record in history. 
 
 •Chro-ndl'o-ger, \n. One 
 
 ■Chro-noPo-gist, ) who stud- 
 ies or explains chronology. 
 
 ■ehr6n/o-16g'i€, ) a. Per- 
 
 •Chr6n/o-16g'i€-al, j taining 
 to chronology. 
 
 •Chro-n61'o-gy, n. The science 
 of computing dates. 
 
 ■Chro-nom'e-ter, n. A very 
 exact time-piece. 
 
 ■Chrys'a-lis, n. Form of a 
 butterfly before it reaches 
 the winged state, [mineral. 
 
 •Chrys'o-lite, n. A greenish 
 
 Chub, n. A fresh-water fish. 
 
 Chub'bed, ) a. Big-headed ; 
 
 Chub'by, i stupid ; thick. 
 
 Chuck, V. To make a noise as 
 a hen. — n. Noise of a hen. 
 
 Chuck'le, V. To laugh in- 
 wardly ; to call, as a hen. 
 
 Chuff, A coarse, surly fel- 
 low, if 
 
 Chum, n. A room-mate. 
 
 a, 6,1, o, ii, y, long ; 5, 6, J, o, ii, 5^, short; care, car, ask, ^11, whait ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
CHUNK 
 
 59 
 
 CLAIMANT 
 
 Chunk, n. A short, thick 
 piece of wood. 
 
 Church (18), w. A place of 
 worship ; a body of Chris- 
 tians.— v. /. To give thanks 
 for in church. 
 
 Chfirch'man (21), n. An 
 Episcopalian ; a clergyman. 
 
 Church'- war'den (-wOrMu), 
 rt. An officer of the church. 
 
 Church'-yard, n. A grave- 
 yard near a church. 
 
 Chfirl, n. A rustic ; a rough, 
 surly fellow ; a niggard. 
 
 Churl'ish, a. Surly ; rude. 
 
 Churn, n. A vessel in which 
 butter is made. — v. t. To 
 agitate, as cream , for making 
 butter. 
 
 ■Chyle, n. A milky fluid de- 
 rived from chyme. 
 
 •Chyme, n. Pulp formed from 
 food digested in the stomach. 
 
 Qi€'a-triQe, w. A scar; mark. 
 
 §i-c'a-trize, v. To heal by 
 forming a skin over a wound. 
 
 Qi'der, n. Juice of apples, 
 usually fermented. 
 
 Qi-gar', n. A roll of tobacco 
 for smoking. [eye-lids. 
 
 Qil'i-a-ry, a. Belonging to the 
 
 Cmct'ure, n. A belt; girdle. 
 
 Ciii'der, n. A small coal. 
 
 Qin'na-mon, n. The inner 
 bark of a species of laurel. 
 
 ^inque (sTuk), ?i. The num- 
 ber five ; — used in games. 
 
 Qinque'foil, n. A five-leaved 
 rl:Jtiette in architecture. 
 
 Qi'on, n. A shoot of a tree for 
 grafting. 
 
 Qppher, n. The figure 0 ; in- 
 itial letters of a name in- 
 woven ; a secret writing. — 
 ■y. i. To use figures. 
 
 Qir'-ele,n. Around ^ 
 
 figure; an orb;/ >, 
 surrounding com-f J 
 pany ; a prov-V J 
 ince. — I'. To move ^v^,,^ 
 round or circular- circle 
 
 Qlr'-cuit (sir^kit), w. A dis- 
 trict. — V. t. To make to go 
 round. [about, 
 ir-eu'i-toiis, n. ^ound 
 ir'-eu-lar, a. Round like a 
 circle ; ending in itself. 
 
 Qir/€U-lS.r'i-ty, n. State of 
 being circular, [cular form. 
 
 5ir'€u-lar-ly, adv. In a cir- 
 
 5ir'€u-late, v. i. To move 
 round. — v. t. To cause to 
 pass round. 
 
 gir^-eu-la'tion, n. A passing 
 round ; currency. 
 
 5ir/€um-am'bi-ent, a. Sur- 
 rounding. 
 
 Qir-€um-am'bu-late, v. t. 
 To walk round about. 
 
 Qir'-cum-Qi§e, v. t. to de- 
 prive of the foreskin. 
 
 Qir^-cum-Qig'ion (-sTzh''un), 
 n. Act of circumcising. 
 
 Qir-eum'fer-enge, n. The 
 line that bounds the circle. 
 
 ^ir'-eum-flex, n. An accent 
 marked thus ( " or " ). 
 
 Qir-eum'flu-enQC, n. Flow- 
 ing round. [round. 
 ir-€um'flu-ent, a. Flowing 
 ir^-cum-fuge', v. t. To pour 
 or spread round. 
 
 Qir''€um-fu'§ion, n. Act of 
 pouring round. [around. 
 ir/€um-ja'gent, a. L>ing 
 ir^eum-fo-^u'tion, n. The 
 use of indirect expressions. 
 
 Qir/-cum-l6-e'u-to-ry, a. Con- 
 sisting in circumlocution. 
 
 Qir-'-euni-nav'i-gate, v. t. To 
 sail round, [sailing round. 
 
 CIr/€um-nav'i-ga'tion, n. A 
 
 Cir/-cum-nav'i-ga^tor, n. 
 
 * One who sails around. 
 
 Qir^^um-po'lar, a. About 
 one of the poles of the earth. 
 
 Qir^-eum-s-erlbe', v. t. To in- 
 close ; to limit. 
 
 Qir/-eum-s-erip'tion,n. Limi- 
 tation ; confinement. 
 
 Qir'€um-spe€t, a. Guarded ; 
 prudent ; wary. 
 
 Qir'-eum-spe-c'tion, n. Vigi- 
 lance ; watchfulness. 
 
 Qir'-eum-stange, n. Some- 
 thing pertaining to a fact, 
 but not essential thereto ; 
 (pi.) state as to property. — 
 Syn. Fact ; event ; incident. 
 — V. t. To place in a partic- 
 ular situation. 
 
 Qir'-eum-stan'tial, a. Par- 
 ticular ; minute ; abounding 
 ■with circumstances. 
 
 Qir^-eum-stan'tial§, n. pi. 
 
 Things incident, but not es- 
 sential. 
 
 Qir^-eum-val-la'tion, n. A 
 fortification round a place. 
 
 Qir/cum-vent', r. t. To de- 
 ceive. 
 
 ^ir^€um-vSn'tion, n. De- 
 ception; imposture: fraud. 
 
 Qir'€us, n. A place for games 
 or feats of horsemanship. 
 
 Qis-al'pine, a. South of tho 
 Alps, [side of the Atlantic. 
 
 Cis'at-lan'ti-e, a. On this 
 
 Qis'tern, n. A large vessel 
 for water, &c. ; reservoir; 
 tank. [tempt. 
 
 Cit, n. A citizen; — in con- 
 
 Qit'a-del, n. A fortress in or 
 near a city. [quotation. 
 
 QT-ta'tion, n. A summons ; 
 
 Qi'ta-to-ry, a. Citing ; caUing. 
 
 Qite, V. t. To summon ; to 
 quote. 
 
 Qit'i-zen, n. An inhabitant 
 of a city ; a freeman. 
 
 Qit'ri€, a. Belonging to lem- 
 ons, [on. 
 
 Qit'ron, n. A species of 1cm- 
 
 Qit'y(19),n. An incorporated 
 town ; a large town. 
 
 Qiv'et, n. A quadruped, and 
 a perfume produceil by it. 
 
 Civ'i€, a. llelating to civil 
 hfe. 
 
 Qiv'il, a. Pertaining to a city 
 or state, or to society ; cour- 
 teous ; polite. 
 
 Qi-vil'ian, n. One versed in 
 civil law ; one in a civil ca- 
 pacity, [courtesy, 
 i-vil'i-ty, n. Politeness ; 
 iv/il-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 civilizing. 
 
 Civ'il-Tze, V. t. To reclaim 
 from barbarism. [lite, 
 iv'il-ized, a. Polished ; po- 
 iv'il-ly, adv. In a civil man- 
 ner. 
 
 ■Clack, v.i. To make a sudden 
 
 sharp noise, as by striking. 
 
 — n. A sudden sharp noise. 
 ■Clack'er,n. One who, or that 
 
 which, clacks. 
 ■Clad, p. p. of Clothe. 
 ■Claim, V. t. To demand ; to 
 
 require. — n. A demand as 
 
 of right ; a title. 
 ■Claim'ant,n. One who claims. 
 
 66n, 6r, do, W9lf, tob, took ; dm, rjje, pyll ; 9, ^, soft; -e, g, hard; a^ ; exist ; ij as ng ; this. 
 
CLAIRVOYANCE 
 
 60 
 
 CLIP 
 
 •€lair-voy'ange. n. Discern- 
 ment of things not present 
 to the senses. 
 
 •Claim, w. A bivalve shell-fish. 
 
 ■t^lam'ber, v. i. To climb 
 with hands and feet. 
 
 "CianVmi-nesSjn. Stickiness. 
 
 €lain'my, a. Viscous ; sticky. 
 
 ■Glam'or, n. Noise of voices. 
 — V. i. To be vociferous. 
 
 ■Clam'or-ous, a. Noisy with 
 the tongue ; loud ; vocifer- 
 ous. 
 
 •Clamp, n. A piece of iron or 
 timber for fastening things 
 together. — v. t. To unite 
 or strengthen by a clamp. 
 
 •Clan, n. A family ; race ; 
 tribe ; sect. 
 
 •Clan-des'tme, a. Concealed. 
 
 •C15,ng, V. i. To make a sharp 
 shrill sound. — 71. A sharp 
 ringing sound. [sound. 
 
 •Cl^n'gor, n. A loud, harsh 
 
 •Clank, n. A loud ringing 
 sound, as of a chain. — 1\ t. 
 To make a noise. 
 
 •Ciap (7), V. t. To strike to- 
 gether. — n. A striking of 
 hands. 
 
 •Clap'board (klaVurd), n. A 
 narrow kind of board for 
 covering houses. 
 
 •Cl§,p'per, n . One who, or that 
 which, claps. 
 
 •Clap'- trap, n. A trick or 
 device to gain applause. 
 
 •Clar'et, 71. A French wine. 
 
 •Clar'i-fy , v.t.To make clear ; 
 to purify. 
 
 •Clar^i-net', ) n. A wind in- 
 
 •Clar''i-o-net', ) strument. 
 
 •Ci3,r'i-on, n. A wind instru- 
 ment of the reed kind. 
 
 ■ClS-sh, V. t. To strike noisily 
 against. — v. i. To dash 
 noisily together. — n. Noisy 
 collision. 
 
 •Clash'ing, a. Contrary ; in- 
 terfering. — w. Opposition ; 
 collision. 
 
 •Clasp, n. A hook ; a close 
 embrace. — v. t. To em- 
 brace ; to hold fast ; to in- 
 close. 
 
 •Class (2), 71. A group ; a 
 rank ; an order. — v. t. To 
 arrange in a class. 
 
 •C13,s'si€, n. An author of 
 the first rank. 
 
 •Clas'si-e, ) a. Pertaining to 
 
 ■Cl^S'si€-al, j authors of ac- 
 knowledged excellence. 
 
 •Clas^si-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 arranging in classes. 
 
 -Clas'si-fy, v. t. To form a 
 class. 
 
 •Clat'ter, n. A rattling noise. 
 
 — V. I. To make rattling 
 sounds. 
 
 •Cl^t'ter-ing, n. Clatter ; rat- 
 tle ; confusion of sounds. 
 
 ■Claiige, 71. Part of a sentence. 
 
 ■Claw, 71. A hooked nail. — 
 V. t. To tear with claws. 
 
 •Clay, n. A kind of soft earth. 
 
 — V. t. To manure, or to 
 purify, with clay. [clay. 
 
 -Glay'ey, a. Consisting of 
 
 •Clean, a. Free from dirt; 
 pure. — V. t. To free from 
 dirt ; to purify. — adv. 
 Fully ; entirely. 
 
 Clean'li-ness (13), n. Neat- 
 ness ; purity. 
 
 Clean'ly (klgn^lJ'O, I'^ee 
 from dirt ; neat. 
 
 Clean'ly, adv. Nicely. 
 
 Cleanse, r. t. To purify. 
 
 Clear, a. Free from mixture ; 
 pure ; audible ; indisput- 
 able. — n. Full extent. — 
 V. t. To free from impuri- 
 ties ; to acquit ; to pass over. 
 
 — V. i. To become fair ; to 
 become free ; to have per- 
 mission to sail. — adv. 
 Plainly ; completely. 
 
 Qlear'ange, n. A permit to 
 sail. 
 
 Clear'ing, 71. A justification ; 
 
 defense ; a tract of land 
 
 cleared of wood. 
 Ciear'ly, adv. Brightly ; 
 
 plainly ; evidently. 
 •Cleat, 71. A narrow li' 
 
 strip for fastening. f|l M 
 Cleav'age, n. Actor J.LIf 
 
 quality of cleaving. W 
 Cleave, v. i. [i7vp. f / 
 
 CLEAVED ; p. p. ' 
 CLEFT, CLOVEN, Cleat. 
 CLEAVED.] To Stick ; to 
 adhere. — v. t. To split. 
 "Cleav'er, n. A butcher's in- 
 strument. 
 
 ■Clgf (1), 71. (Mus.) A charac- 
 ter to show the key. 
 
 -Cleft, p.;?. or;?, a. Split ; di- 
 vided. — n. A crack ; a split. 
 
 ■eiem'en-gy, n. A disposition 
 to treat with lenity. — Syn. 
 Mildness ; tenderness ; len- 
 ity ; kindness. 
 
 •Clem'ent, a. Mild ; kind. 
 
 €ler'gy, n. The ministers 
 of the gospel. 
 
 Cler'gy-man (21), n. A min- 
 ister of the gospel. 
 
 ■Cler'i-e-al, a. Pertaining to 
 the clergy. 
 
 ■Clerk {in Eng. kliirk). n. A 
 parish officer ; a scribe ; an 
 accountant ; an assistant in 
 a shop. [clerk. 
 
 •Clerk'ship, n. Office of a 
 
 ■Clev'er, a. Dexterous; ex- 
 pert ; adroit ; agreeable. 
 
 ■Clev'is, ) 71. A bent iron on 
 
 ■Clev'y, / the end of a cart- 
 tongue, plow-beam, &c. 
 
 ■Clew, 71. A "ball of thread ; 
 a guide ; corner of a sail. — 
 V. t. To truss up to the yard. 
 
 ■Click, V. i. To make a small 
 sharp noise ; to tick. — 71. 
 A sharp noise. [attorney. 
 
 ■Cli'ent, n. Employer of an 
 
 Cliff (1), 71. A steep rock ; a 
 precipice. [craggy. 
 
 ■Cliffy, a. Having cliffs ; 
 
 •Cli-m^-e'ter-i-e, n. A critical 
 period of human life. 
 
 ■ClPmate, n. A region or tract 
 of country ; condition of a 
 place as to temperature, &c. 
 
 •Cli'max, 71. Gradation or as- 
 cent in a sentence. 
 
 •Climb (klTm), v. To mount 
 by hands and feet. 
 
 ■Clime, 71. A climate. 
 
 -Clinch, V. t. To gripe ; to 
 hold fast. — 71. Fast hold. 
 
 •Cling, V. t. [i7np. & p. p. 
 CLUNG.] To adhere; to 
 hang to or upon. 
 
 ■Clm'i-e, ) a. Pertaining to 
 
 •Clm'i-e-al, j a sick bed. 
 
 •Clink, V. i. or t. To make, or 
 to~cause to make, a slightly 
 ringing sound. 
 
 ■Clmk'er, 71. Vitrified matter 
 which collects in furnaces. 
 
 Olip (7), 1'. To cut short. 
 
 5,S,I,o,ii,y, Zens'/ 
 
 5^, short ; care, ciir, dsk, gU, what ; ere, vgil, tSrm ; pique, ttnn ; 
 
CLIPPER 
 
 61 
 
 COCK-LOFT 
 
 •€lip'per, n. One who clips ; 
 
 a vessel for fast sailing, 
 ■eiip'ping, n. That which is 
 
 cUpped off. 
 ■€loak, V. t. To cover with a 
 
 cloak ; to conceal. — n. A 
 
 loose outer garment. 
 •C16ck, n. An instrument for 
 
 measuring time. 
 ■ei6ck'-work (-wQrk), n. 
 
 Well-adjustei\ machinery, 
 
 like that of a clock. 
 •C16d, n. A lump of earth. 
 •€16d'h6p-per, n. A rustic; 
 
 a clown, 
 •eioff , n. See Clough. 
 ■C16g, y. t. To hinder in motion. 
 
 — n. Obstruction; a kind 
 of heavy shoe, often of wood. 
 
 •Clois'ter, n. A nunnery or 
 monastery. — v. t. To im- 
 mure in a cloister. 
 
 •€15§e, V. t. To shut ; to con- 
 clude. — V. i. To unite ; to 
 terminate. — n. Conclu- 
 sion ; a small inclosed field. 
 
 •€15se, a. Shut fast ; private ; 
 solid ; niggardly ; sly. — adv. 
 In a close manner or state. 
 
 •eiose'-fist'ed, a. Covetous. 
 
 •€15se'ly (10), adv. In a close 
 manner ;_very near. 
 
 •Close'-stdbl,n. A stool made 
 to hold a chamber-vessel. 
 
 •€163'et, n. A small private 
 apartment. — v. t. To shut 
 up in privacy. 
 
 •Clo§'ing, n. End ; conclu- 
 sion. — a. Concluding. 
 
 •€lo§'ure (klo/zhijr), n. A 
 closing ; inclosure. 
 
 ■G16t, n. A concretion ; coagu- 
 lation. — V. To form clots. 
 
 •eioth, n. {pi. -ei6tiis.) Any 
 material formed by weaving. 
 
 •Clothe, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 CLAD, CLOTHED.] To fur- 
 nish with garments. 
 
 Clothes (klothz or kloz), n. 
 pi. Dress ; garments. 
 
 •Cloth'ier (-yer), n. One who 
 makes, sells, or fulls cloth. 
 
 •Cloth'ing, n. Garments. 
 
 •€loud, 71. Collection of vapor. 
 
 — V. t. To darken with 
 clouds ; to obscure. 
 
 ■Cloud'i-riess, n. State of 
 being cloudy. 
 
 ■eioud'less, a. Free from 
 clouds. [clouds; obscure. 
 
 ■eioud'y, a. Covered with 
 
 ■Glout, n. A patch ; cloth. — 
 V. t. To patch ; to mend. 
 
 ■€love, n. A pungent spice. — 
 imp. of Cleave. 
 
 •€lo'ven (klo^vn), p. p. or p. 
 a. of: Cleave. Cleft ; split. 
 
 ■eio'ven-fdbVed, a. Having 
 the hoof in two parts. 
 
 •Clo'ver, n. A genus of plants. 
 
 ■Glown, n. A rustic ; au ill- 
 bred man ; a buffoon. 
 
 ■Clown'ish, a. Coarse ; rustic. 
 
 -Gloy, V. t. To fill to satiety. 
 
 ■eiub, n. A heavy stick ; au 
 association . — v. i. To join 
 in common expense, or for a 
 common end. 
 
 -eiub'-f dotted, a. Having de- 
 formed feet. 
 
 •Club'-law, n. Government by 
 violence. 
 
 ■eiuck, V. i. To call, as a hen. 
 
 •€lue, n. See Clew. 
 
 ■Glump, n. A cluster of trees. 
 
 ■eium'gy, a. Awkward : ill- 
 made. [ Cling. 
 
 ■eiung, imp. and p. p. of 
 
 ■Glus'ter, n. A bunch ; a 
 collection. — v. t. or i. To 
 uni. e in a bunch. 
 
 ■eiutch, n. A gripe ; grasp ; 
 claw ; [pi.) hands ; rapacity. 
 — V. t. To seize and hold 
 fast ; to gripe. 
 
 •€lut'ter, n. A noise ; confu- 
 sion ; disorder. — v. t. To 
 crowd together in disorder. 
 
 ■€lj^s'ter, n. An injection. 
 
 -Goach, n. A four-wheeled car- 
 riage for pleasure or travel- 
 ing, [drives a coach. 
 
 •€6ach'man (21), n. One who 
 
 ■Go'^ad-ju'tor, n. An assistant. 
 
 •€5/ad-ju'trix, n. A female 
 assistant. 
 
 •€o-a'^ent, n. An assistant. 
 
 •€o-ag'u-late, v. To curdle. 
 
 ■eo-ag^u-la'tion, n. The pro- 
 cess of curdling. 
 
 ■Go-ag'u-la-tive, a. Having 
 power to coagulate. 
 
 ■eo-ag'u-lura, n. A coagu- 
 lated mass, as curd ; runnet. 
 
 •€6al, n. Wood charred ; a 
 black combustible fossil. 
 
 €5^a-16sQe' (-less/), v. i. To 
 
 grow together ; to unite. 
 ■Go/a-les'Qenge, n. The act 
 
 of uniting ; union. 
 ■€o/a-H'tion (-lish'un), n. 
 
 Union of persons, parties, or 
 
 states. 
 
 •e5al'-mme, \ n. A mine or 
 ■Goal'-pit, j pit where coal 
 is dug. 
 
 •€5arse, a. Large; gross; 
 
 rude ; rough ; not refined. , 
 ■€6arse'ness, n. Quality of 
 
 being coarj^e. 
 ■Goast, n. Land next the sea. 
 
 — V. i. To sail along the 
 shore. 
 
 ■Goast'er, n. A person or ves- 
 sel that sails near a coast. 
 
 ■Goat, n. A man's upper gar- 
 ment ; fur or hair of a 
 beast ; an external covering. 
 
 — V. t. To cover with a coat. 
 -Goat'ing, n. Act of covering ; 
 
 cloth for coats. 
 •G59.X, V. t. To wheedle ; to 
 
 persuade by flattery. 
 ■G6b, n. Spike of maize ; pony. 
 ■Go'balt, n. A brittle reddish 
 
 gray mineral. 
 ■G6b'ble, n. A roundish stone. 
 
 — v.t. To mend coarsely or 
 clumsily, as shoes. 
 
 ■G6b'bler, n. A mender of 
 shoes. 
 
 •G6b'web, n. A spiders web. 
 -G6ch'i-neal, n. An insect 
 
 used to dye scarlet. 
 •G6€h'le-a-ry, I a. In the 
 ■G6€h'le-a/ted, j form of a 
 
 screw. 
 
 •G6ck, n. The male of birds. 
 
 — v.t. To set erect. 
 ■Goek-ade', n. A knot of rib- 
 bon worn on the hat. 
 
 ■G6ck'a-triQe, n. A fabulous 
 
 serpent. [boat. 
 ■Gock'-boat, n. A ship's small 
 ■G6ck'er-el, n. A young cock. 
 ■Gock'-flght (-nt), n. Battle 
 
 between cocks. 
 ■G6ck '-horse, n. A child's 
 
 rocking-horse. 
 •GSck'le (kok'l), A weed; 
 
 darnel; a shell-fish. — v. t. 
 
 To wrinkle. 
 ■G6ck'-16ft, n. A room over 
 
 the garret ; a lumber-room. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, toD, t<Jbk ; (irn, rjje, pijill ; p, ^, soft; -g, g, hard; ag ; exist ; a as ng ; this. 
 
COCimEY 
 
 62 
 
 COLLECTIVE 
 
 Cocoa. 
 
 €6ck'ney (19), n. A natire 
 of Loudon. 
 
 •Cock'pit, n. An area where 
 cocks fight ; a room in a 
 ship under the gun-deck. 
 
 •Gock'roach, n. A trouble- 
 some kind of beetle. 
 
 ■€6ck's'-e6mb (-kom), n. 
 Crest of a cock ; a plant. 
 
 •€6ck'swain (or kok-'sn), n. 
 An officer who has the care 
 of a boat and. boat's crew. 
 
 •€o'€oa (ko^k5), n. 
 A palm-tree bear- 
 ing the cocoa- 
 nut ; the- choco- 
 late-tree, and a 
 decoction of the 
 nut or the paste. 
 
 •G5'-e6a-nut, n. The nut of 
 a kind of palm-tree. 
 
 •€o-eoon' (18); n. A ball spun 
 by the silkworm. 
 
 •Cod, n. A sea-fish ; a husk ; 
 a pod ; a bag. [of laws. 
 
 •Code, n. A system or digest 
 
 •Cod'ger, n. A covetous or 
 clownish fellow. [will. 
 
 •Cod'i-Qil, n. Supplement to a 
 
 ■Co/di-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 reducing laws to a system. 
 
 •Co'di-fy, V. t. To reduce to a 
 code or digest, as laws. 
 
 •God'dle, V. i. To parboil ; to 
 treat tenderly. 
 
 •Co^ef-fi'cien-Qy (-fish/en-), 
 n. Joint operation. 
 
 •Co^ef-fi'dent (-fish/ent), n. 
 That which co-operates. 
 
 •Co-e'qual, a. Equal with an- 
 other. 
 
 •Co''e-qual'i-ty (-kwol-), n. 
 Equality with another. 
 
 •Co-erge', v. t. To restrain by 
 force. — Syn. To check ; 
 constrain ; compel. 
 
 •Co-er'cion, n. Restraint ; 
 compulsion. [by force. 
 
 •Co-er'Qive, a. Restraining 
 
 •Co-'es-sSn'tial, a. Partaking 
 of the same essence. [nal. 
 
 •C6''e-ter'nal, a. Equally eter- 
 
 •Co^e-ter'ni-ty, n. Equal ex- 
 istence or eternity. 
 
 •Co-e'val, a. Of the same age. 
 — n. One of the same age. 
 
 ■C6''-ex-ist', V. i. To exist to- 
 gether. 
 
 •€6/-ex-!st'enQe,n. Existence 
 
 at the same time. 
 ■Co^-ex-ist'ent, a. Existing at 
 
 the same time. 
 ■Co^-ex-tend', v. t. To extend 
 
 through the same space. 
 ■Co/-ex-ten'sion, n. Equal 
 extension. [extensive. 
 •Co^-ex-ten'sive, a. Equally 
 ■Coffee, n. The 
 berry of a 
 tropical tree, 
 or liquor made 
 from it. ^ 
 -e6f'fee-house,^9 
 n. A house of Coffee, 
 entertainment. 
 ■Coffer, n. A chest, especially 
 
 one for money. 
 ■Coffin, n. A box for a dead 
 human body. — v. t. To 
 put in a coffin. 
 -Cog, n. The tooth of a wheel. 
 — V. t. To furnish with 
 cogs ; to deceive ; to wheedle. 
 ■Co'gen-gy, n. Power; ur- 
 gency ; strength ; force. 
 •Co'gent, a. Having great 
 force. — SVN. Powerful ; ur- 
 gent ; forcible ; convincing. 
 •Cog'i-tate, y. i. To reflect; 
 
 to meditate. [thought. 
 ■Cog^i-ta'tion, n. Deep 
 ■Cog'i-ta-tive, a. Able to 
 
 think ; given to thought. 
 -Gdg'nate, a. Born together ; 
 
 allied by blood or birth. 
 •Cdgn'iac ) (kon'yak), n. The 
 •Cogn'a-e ) best of brandy. 
 •Cog-nftion, (-nish^un), n. 
 
 Knowledge ; object known. 
 ■C6g'ni-za-ble [or k6n'i-za- 
 bl), a. Liable to be tried or 
 examined. 
 ■Cdg'ni-zange {or kon^i- 
 zanss), n. Knowledge ; no- 
 tice ; judicial notice. 
 •Cog'- wheel, n. A wheel with 
 
 cogs or teeth. 
 ■Co-hab'it, v. i. To live as 
 
 man and wife. 
 ■Co^hab-it-a'tion, n. A living 
 
 together. 
 ■G6-hgir'(-ar'') ,w. A joint heir. 
 ■Co-here', v. i. To stick to- 
 gether ; to be united. 
 ■Co-her'enge, ) n. A sticking 
 ■Co-her'en-Qy, ) together. 
 
 •Co-her'ent, n. Sticking to- 
 gether ; consistent. 
 
 •Co-he'sion, n. Sticking to- 
 gethe'r ; state of union. 
 
 ■Co-he'sive, a. Sticking ; ad- 
 hesive. 
 
 •Co'h6rt,n. A body of soldiers. 
 
 ■Coif, n. A head-dress. — v. t. 
 To cover with a coif. 
 
 •Coil, V. t. To wind into a 
 ring. — n. Circular form, 
 as of a rope or serpent. 
 
 •Coin, n. Metal stamped for 
 money. — v. t. To stamp 
 metal. [money coined. 
 
 •Coin'age, «. Act of coining ; 
 
 ■Co^in-Qide', v. i. To agree ; to 
 concur. [ment. 
 
 ■Co-in'gi-denQe, n. Agree- 
 
 ■Co-m'gi-dent, a. Occurring 
 or agreeing together. 
 
 -Coke, n. Mineral coal charred. 
 
 •Col'an-der (kul/-), n. A kind 
 of strainer. 
 
 ■Cold, a. Not warm ; frigid ; 
 chill ; reserved. — n. vSensa- 
 tion produced by want oi 
 heat ; a form of disease. 
 
 -Cole'wort (-wQrt), n. A cab- 
 bage cut young. [els. 
 
 •Col'i-C, n. A pain in the bow- 
 
 •Col'ick-y, a. Pertaining to 
 colic. 
 
 ■Col-iapse', V. i. To fall to- 
 gether. — 71. A sudden fall- 
 ing together. 
 
 -CoPlar, n. Something worn 
 around the neck ; a ring. — 
 V. t. To put a collar on ; to 
 seize by the collar. 
 
 •Col-late', -y. t. To compare; 
 to examine; to gather and 
 place in order. 
 
 •Col-lat'er-al, a. Being on the 
 side ; indirect. 
 
 ■Col-la' tion, n. A repast ; gift ; 
 act of comparing, [in office. 
 
 •C61 'league, n. An associate 
 
 •Col-le-et', V. t.or i. To gather. 
 
 •C6rie€t, n. A short prayer. 
 
 ■Col-16-et'ed, a. Cool ; com- 
 posed. 
 
 •Col-le€'tion, n. Act of col- 
 lecting; that which is col- 
 lected. — Syn. Assemblage ; 
 a contribution ; a gathering. 
 •Col-le-ct'ive, a. Formed by 
 gathering ; inferring. 
 
 gerner. X/O-licl'eii-yy, ^ Logei/uei. g;ibiit;riug , auiernug. 
 
 a, e, I, o, U, y, long; 2, e, T, 6, Q, J, short ; care, car, &sk, gU, wh^t ; gre, vgil, t5rm ; pique* firm ; 
 
COLLECTIVELY 
 
 G3 
 
 COMMENDATION 
 
 •Col-16€t'ive-ly, adv. In a 
 body. [receiver of taxes. 
 ■Col-l§€t'or, n. A gatherer ; a 
 "€61'lei5;e, n. An assembly or 
 society ; a seminary of learn- 
 ing. 
 
 •€ol-le'gi-al, ) a. Pertaining 
 
 •Col-le 'gi-ate , j to a co 1 lege . 
 
 •Col-le'^i-an, n. A member of 
 a college. [er. 
 
 •Col-lide', V. i. To dash togeth- 
 
 •S6Il'ier (kol/yer)^ n. A dig- 
 ger of, or dealer in, coals ; a 
 coal-ship. 
 
 •€611'ier-y, n. A coal-mine. 
 
 •Col-lig'ion (-lizh/un), n. A 
 striking together. [place. 
 
 •€61'lo-eate, v. t. To set or 
 
 •edPlo-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 placing ; arrangement. 
 
 "Cdl'lop, n. A cut or slice, as 
 of meat. 
 
 ■Gol-lo'qui-al, a. Pertaining 
 to, or used in, conversation. 
 
 ■€ol-I6'qui-al-isni , n. An ex- 
 pression used only in con- 
 versation. 
 
 •C61'lo-quy (19), n. A mutual 
 conversation between two. 
 
 •Col-lude', V. i. To conspire 
 in a fraud. 
 
 •€ol-lu'§ion, n. A secret agree- 
 ment to defraud. 
 
 •€ol-lv'sive, a. Deceitful. 
 
 •€6'lon, n. A point or mark 
 formed thus [ : ]. 
 
 Colonel (kflr'nel), n. The 
 commander of a regiment. 
 
 •€olonel-gy (kdr^nel-), ) n. 
 
 ■eolonel-ship, j Of- 
 
 fice or rank of a colonel. 
 
 •€o-lo'ni-al, a. Belonging to 
 a colony or colonies. 
 
 •C61'o-nist, n. A member or 
 inhabitant of a colony. 
 
 •CSPo-ni-za'tion, n. The set- 
 tling of a colony. 
 
 •C61'o-nize, v. t. To plant or 
 pettle with inhabitants. 
 
 •€6Pon-nade', n. A row or 
 range of columns. 
 
 -C61'o-ny, n. A body of people 
 who remove and settle in a 
 distant country, continuing 
 subject to the parent state ; 
 the country colonized. 
 
 €!61'or (kuPur). n. A property 
 of light ; paint ; pretense ; 
 
 {pl.)cL banner ; flag ; ensign. 
 
 — V. t. To dye; to stain. 
 
 — V. i. To blush. 
 ■Col'or-a-ble, a. Designed to 
 
 cover or conceal ; plausible. 
 
 €61'or-less, a. Without color. 
 
 •€o-16s'sal, a. Huge in size. 
 
 •€o-16s'sus, n. {Lat. pi. -Go- 
 16s'si; Eng. pi. -Co-lds'- 
 SUS-e§). A statue of gigan- 
 tic size. 
 
 ■€olt, n. A young horse. 
 
 ■€ol'ter, ) n. Sharp fore-iron 
 
 ■GouPter, ) of a plow. 
 
 ■efil'um-bine, n. A plant. 
 
 •€61'umn (kul''um), n. Cylin- 
 drical pillar ; perpendicular 
 £et of lines in a book ; a 
 body of troops. [umn. 
 
 •€o-lum'nar, a. Like a col- 
 
 ■Go-lure', n. One of two great 
 circles intersecting the sol- 
 stitial or equinoctial points. 
 
 •€5'ma, n. Hairiness of a 
 comet ; lethargy. 
 
 ■eo'Ina-tose^ a. Lethargic. 
 
 -Gomb (kom), ?}. An instru- 
 ment for dressing the hair ; 
 crest of a cock ; substance in 
 which bees lodge honey. — 
 V. t. To dress with a comb. 
 
 ■e6m'bat, n. A battle ; fight ; 
 contest. — V. t. To fight 
 with ; to oppose. — v. i. To 
 struggle or contend. 
 
 ■€6m'bat-ant, n. A champion. 
 
 •€6m'ba-tive, n. Disposed to 
 combat. [being combined. 
 
 -eoin-bin'a-ble,a. Capable of 
 
 ■€6m/bi-na'tion, 71. Union or 
 association. — Syn. Coali- 
 tion ; conspiracy. 
 
 "€om-bme', v. t. or i. To 
 unite ; to join ; to agree. 
 
 -eom-bus^ti-biPi-ty, ) 
 
 ■eom-bus'ti-ble-ness, j 
 Quality of being combusti- 
 ble, or of burning. 
 
 €om-bus'ti-ble, a. Capable 
 of burning. — n. A sub- 
 stance that will burn. 
 ■€om-biis'tion (-bQst/yun), n. 
 
 A burning ; conflagration. 
 •€6me (kiim), v. i. [imp. 
 
 CAME ; p. p. COME.] To 
 move toward ; to approach ; 
 to draw near. [comedies. 
 •Go-me'di-an, n. An actor of 
 
 ■G6m'e-dy, n. A humorous 
 dramatic piece. [ty. 
 
 ■Gome'li-ness, n. Grace : beau- 
 
 •Gome'ly, a. Handsome ; 
 graceful. 
 
 ■Gom'et, n. A heavenly body 
 with a luminous train. 
 
 ■Gom'fit, n. A dry sweetmeat. 
 
 -Gom'fort (kdm -), v. t. To 
 cheer under affliction or de- 
 pression . — n. A relief from 
 pain ; consolation. 
 
 ■Gom^fort-a-ble, a. Affording 
 or enjoying ease. 
 
 ■Gom'fort-er, n. One who 
 comforts; the Holy Spirit. 
 
 -Gom'fort-less, a. Without 
 comfort. [plant. 
 
 ■Gom'frey, n. A medicinal 
 
 ■G6m'i€, a. Relating to com- 
 "edy ; droll. [droll. 
 
 ■G6m'i-e-al, a. Diverting ; 
 
 ■Gom'ing (11), a. i'uture.— 
 n. Approach. 
 
 ■G6m'i-ty, n. Courtesy of in- 
 tercourse; civility. 
 
 ■Gom'ma (19), n. A point (,) 
 in writing and printing. 
 
 ■Gom-mand', v. t. To order ; 
 to direct ; to govern. — v. t. 
 To have supreme authority. 
 
 — n. Order; injunction. 
 ■GSm^man-dajit', n. A com- 
 manding oflRcer. 
 
 ■Gom-mand'er, n. One who 
 directs. 
 
 •Gom-mand'er-y, ) n. A man- 
 
 -Gom-mand'ry, j or be- 
 longing to an order of 
 knights. [command. 
 
 ■Gom-mand'ing, a. Fitted to 
 
 •Gom-mand'ment, n. Com- 
 mand ; order^ injunction. 
 
 •Gom-mgm'o-rate, v. t. To 
 celebrate by a solemn act. 
 
 ■Gom-mem/o-ra'tion, n. A 
 solemn public celebration. 
 
 ■Gom-m6m'o-ra-tive, a. Pre- 
 serving the memory of. 
 
 ■Gom-menge', v. t. To begin. 
 
 — V. i. To take rise. 
 •Gom-menge'ment, n. Be- 
 ginning ; day of taking de- 
 grees in an American collega 
 
 •Gom-mend', v. t. To praise ; 
 
 to recommend. [of praise. 
 ■Gom-mend'a-ble, a. ^'orthy 
 ■Gom/men-da'tion, n. Praise. 
 
 B6n, or, do, w^lf, too, took ; (ira, rije, pyll ; 9, ^, 90ft ; g, Imrd; ; exist ; q as ng ; tiiis. 
 
COMMENDATORY 
 
 G4 
 
 COMPENDIOUS 
 
 ■Gom-mSnd'a-to-ry, a. Serv- 
 
 \x\% to commend. 
 •€om-men''su-ra-'bil'i-ty, ] 
 ■€om-inen'su-ra-ble-ness, j 
 n. Capacity of haviug a 
 common measure. 
 ■€om-m8n'su-ra-ble, a. Hav- 
 ing a common measure. 
 ■€om-men'su-rate, a. Of 
 . equal measure ; propor- 
 tional. 
 
 •€oin-m8n'su-ra»'tion, n. Re- 
 duction to a cbmmoa meas- 
 ure. 
 
 ■€6m'ment, v. i. To explain 
 by remarks. — n. Note or 
 remark for explanation. 
 
 •€6m'ment-a-ry, n. Com- 
 ment ; exposition ; a book 
 of comments. 
 
 •€6m'men-ta'tor, n. One who 
 comments. 
 
 •Gom'merge, n. Interchange 
 of commodities ; personal 
 intercourse. — Syn. Trade; 
 traffic ; dealing. 
 
 •€oin-mer'cial, a. Relating to 
 commerce or trade. 
 
 •€om-min'gle (-ming/gl), v. t. 
 To mix together. 
 
 •Com'mi-nute, v. t. To break 
 into small parts. 
 
 Coin'mi-nu'tion, n. Act of 
 breaking into small parts. 
 
 •€om-mis'er-ate, v. t. To 
 pity, fpassion; sympathy. 
 
 •Gom-mis'er-a'tion, »i. Com- 
 
 •Com'mis-sa-ry, n. A com- 
 missioner ; an army officer 
 having charge of a special 
 department. 
 
 •Com-rais'sion (-mish-'un), w. 
 Performance ; perpetration-; 
 a trust ; compensation to an 
 agent or factor. — v. t. To 
 give a commission to ; to 
 authorize ; to empower. 
 
 •Com-mis'sion-er, ii. One 
 empowered to act. 
 
 •€om-mis'sure (-mish/yi}r),n. 
 A joint ; a seam or closure. 
 
 •Com-mit', V. t. To intrust ; 
 to imprison ; to pledge. 
 
 •Com-mit'tal, n. A pledge, 
 actual or implied. 
 
 €om-mit'tee, n. Persons 
 specially appointed to man- 
 age any business. 
 
 •Gom-mix', v. t. or i. To unite 
 
 in one mass ; to mix. 
 
 ■eom-mixt'ure, n. A mingled 
 mass. [of furniture. 
 
 ■eom-mode', n' An article 
 
 -eom-mo'di-ous,a. Affording 
 case and convenience. 
 
 •€om-m6d'i-ty, n. Interest; 
 advantage ; merchandise. 
 
 •C6in'mo-dore, n. The com- 
 mander of a squadron. 
 
 ■€6m'mon, a. Belonging to 
 many ; general ; public ; 
 usual. — n. An open public 
 ground. — V. i. To use to- 
 gether. 
 
 •Com'mon-al-ty, n. The com- 
 mon people. [ble. 
 
 -Goin'mon-er, n. One not no- 
 
 ■€6m'mon-ly, adv. Usually ; 
 generally ; ordinarily. 
 
 ■eom'mon-plage, n. General 
 head or title ; a memoran- 
 dum ; a trite remark. — a. 
 Common ; trite. 
 
 •€6m'mons, n. pi. Common 
 people ; lower house of par- 
 liament ; food at a common 
 table. 
 
 ■e6m/mon-weal', n. Public 
 government ; whole body of 
 people. 
 
 ■€6m''mon-wealth', n. A 
 state ; body politic, [ance. 
 
 ■€om-m5'tion, n. Disturb- 
 
 ■Cora'mune, n. A small ter- 
 ritorial district in France. — 
 V. i. To converse. 
 
 -eom-mu'ni-ea-ble, a. Capa- 
 ble of being communicated. 
 
 ■eom-inu'ni-€ant, n. A par- 
 taker of the Lord's supper. 
 
 ■Com-mu'ni-eate, v. t. To 
 impart. — v. i. To share ; 
 to have intercourse. 
 
 €om-mu^ni-ca'tion, n. Act 
 of communicating ; corre- 
 ■ spondence. 
 
 •€om-inu'ni-ea-tive , a. 
 Ready to communicate. 
 
 -eom-mun'ion (-yun),7i. In- 
 tercourse ; fellov/ship ; a tak- 
 ing of the Lord's supper. 
 
 •€om-mu'ni-ty, n. Common 
 possession ; the pubhc ; so- 
 ciety at large. 
 
 -eom/mu-ta'tion, E.x- 
 
 1 change. 
 
 ■Com-miite', v. t. To ex- 
 change ; to substitute. 
 
 ■Gom-pa€t', V. t. To thrust 
 or press together ; to league 
 with. — a. Firm ; dense. — ■ 
 n. An agreement between 
 parties ; covenant. 
 
 ■ebm-pan'ion, n. An asso- 
 ciate ; comrade ; mate. 
 
 •€om-pan'ion-a-ble, a. So- 
 ciable ; agreeable, [lowship. 
 
 •€om-pan'i©n-shrp, n. Fel- 
 
 ■Com'pa-ny (kum'-, 19), n. 
 Fellowship ; persons assem- 
 bled or acting together. 
 
 -eSm'pa-ra-ble, a. Worthy 
 to be compared. 
 
 •€om-p3,r'a-tive, a. Estimated 
 by comparison. 
 
 ■Gom-par'a-tive-ly, adv. By 
 comparison. 
 
 ■Gom-pare', v. t. To examine 
 the mutual relations of ; to 
 liken. — v.i To be Uke. 
 
 Com-par'i-son, n. Act of 
 comparing ; comparative es- 
 timate ; simile. [vision. 
 
 ■Gom-part'ment, n. A di- 
 
 ■eom'pass, v.t. To surround ; 
 to obtain ; to plot. — n. A 
 circumference ; boundary ; 
 magnetic instrument; {pi.) 
 an instrument to describe 
 circles. [cy. 
 
 ■eom-p^s'sion, n. Pity ; mer- 
 
 ■eom-pas'sion-ate, a. In- 
 clined to pity ; merciful. 
 
 •eom-pas'sion-ate, v. t. To 
 pity. 
 
 ■eom-pat'i-bil'i-ty, n. Con- 
 sistency ; agreement. 
 
 ■eom pat'i-ble, a. Consistent. 
 
 ■eom-pat'i-bly, adv. Con- 
 sistently. 
 
 ■eom-pa'tri-ot, n. A patriot 
 of the same country. 
 
 •€om-peer', n. An equal ; col- 
 league ; companion. 
 
 •€oin-pel' (7), v. t. To drive by 
 force. — Syn. To necessi- 
 tate ; constrain ; oblige. 
 
 -edm/pel-la'tion, n. Style of 
 address or salutation. 
 
 •€6in'pend, ; ji.Abridg- 
 
 •€om-pend'i-um, \ ment ; 
 summary ; epitome. 
 
 •€om-pend'i-ous, a. Short; 
 concise ; brief. 
 
 5,e,i,o, \i,y,l(ms; u,e,i, 6, u, y, sAori/ care,car, ask, all, what; ere, vgU, term ; pique,firm; 
 
COMPENSATE 
 
 65 
 
 CONCAVE 
 
 •€6m'pen-sate , or -eom-pgn'- 
 sate, t'. t. To make amends. 
 
 ■eSm/pen-saaion, n. Ilecom- 
 pen.se ; remuneration. 
 
 •€om-pen'sa-tive, ) a. Af- 
 
 -eom-pfin'sa-to-ry, / ford- 
 ing compensation. 
 
 ■€om-pete', v. i. To striye for 
 a" like end ; to rival. 
 
 •€6in'pe-tenQe, ) n. Siiffi- 
 
 ■€6m'pe-ten-gy, j ciency 
 legal capacity or right. 
 
 •€6m'pe-tent, a. Adequate 
 to some end or duty ; having 
 legal capacity. — Syn. Suffi- 
 cient; fitted; qualified. 
 
 •edm/pe-ti'tion (-tish/un), n 
 Rivalry; strife for supe- 
 riority. 
 
 •Com-pgt'i-tor, n. A rival. 
 •Gom-pet'l-tive, a. Pertain 
 
 ing to competition. 
 *€6in/pi-la'tion, n. A selec 
 
 tion from authors. 
 •Gom-pile', V. t. To compose 
 out of materials got from 
 other vforks. [piles 
 •€om-pil'er, n. One who com- 
 •€om-pla'genge, I n. Pleas- 
 •€om-pla'Qen-Qy, ) ure ; sat- 
 isfaction of mind ; civility. 
 ■€om-pla'gent, a. Gratified ; 
 
 displaying satisfaction, 
 ■eom-plain', v. i. To mur- 
 mur; to make a charge. 
 ■Com-plain'ant, n. One who 
 
 complains ; a plaintiff. 
 ■Com-plaint', n. A murmur- 
 ing ; accusation; disease. 
 •€6m'plai-§ange^ n. Civility; 
 
 courtesy. [courteous. 
 •€6m'plai-sant^ a. Polite; 
 •eom'ple-ment, n. The full 
 
 number. 
 •€om-plete', a. Finished ; 
 perfect.— V. t. To fulfill; 
 to accomplish. 
 •€om-plete'ly, adv. Perfectly, 
 •eom-ple'tion, n. Act of 
 finishing ; accomplishment. 
 CSm'plex, a. Of many parts ; 
 intricate; complicated. — n. 
 Assemblage ; collection. 
 •€om-plex'ion (-plek^shun), 
 71. Color of the face or skin. 
 •Com-plex'i-ty, n. A complex 
 state ; intricacy, [yielding. 
 •€om-pli'ange (13), n. A 
 
 ■€om-plT'ant, a. Yielding; 
 
 bending ; obliging. 
 ■e6m'pli-€a-gy, n. State of 
 
 being complex. 
 •eSm'pli-eate, v. t. To make 
 
 complex or intricate. 
 ■€6m'pli-€ate, a. Involved. 
 ■€6m'pli-ca'tion,n. A mixture 
 
 of many things ; intricacy, 
 ■eom'pli-raent, n. Act or ex- 
 pression of civility. — v. t. 
 To flatter or gratify by be- 
 stowing praise upoo. 
 •€6m/pli-ment'al, \ a. Ex- 
 ■Cdm/pli-mgnfa-ry, | pres- 
 
 sive of praise or civility. 
 ■€6m'plot, n. A conspiracy ; 
 
 plot, [gether ; to conspired 
 •€om-pl6t', v.t. To plot to- 
 ■eom-ply', V. i. To yield ; to 
 assent. 
 
 €om-po'nent, a. Helping to 
 form. — n. An elementary 
 part. 
 
 ■€om-p6rt', v. i. To agree ; 
 to suit. — v. t. To behave ; 
 to conduct. [ent. 
 ■eom-p6rt'a-ble,a. Consist- 
 ■eom-poge', V. t. To put to- 
 gether ; to write, as an au- 
 thor ; to aUay ; to quiet. 
 •eom-p6§ed', a. Calm ; quiet. 
 •€om-p6§'er, n. One who 
 composes ; author of music. 
 •eom-p6§'ite, a. Made up of 
 
 parts ; compounded. 
 •Cdm'po-gi'tion (-zTsh^'un), n. 
 Mixture ; combination ; ar- 
 rangement or setting of 
 type ; a written work. 
 ■eom-p6§'i-tor, n. One who 
 sets type. [manure. 
 ■Cdm'post, n. A mixture for 
 •Com-po§'ure, n. A composed 
 
 state of mind ; calmness. 
 •€6in/po-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 drinking together, 
 ■edm'pound, a. Formed of 
 two or more ingredients. — 
 n. A mixture. 
 •Gom-pound', v. t. To mix in 
 one mass ; to combine or 
 unite ; to adjust. — ^^ i. To 
 come to terms of agreement, 
 ■edm/pre-hend', r. To con- 
 tain ; to understand, 
 ■eom/pre-hen'si-ble, a. Ca- 
 pable of being understood. 
 
 •€6in/pre-h6n'sion, n. Act of 
 
 comprehending ; capacity. 
 ■€6m/pre-hen'sive, a. In- 
 cluding much in small 
 space. — Syn. Large ; full; 
 capacious. 
 -Gom-press', v. t. To piess to- 
 gether; to squeeze. 
 ■€6m'press, n. A soft pad 
 
 used by surgeons. 
 •€om-pr6ss/i-biPi-ty, n. 
 Quality of being compress- 
 ible. 
 
 ■eom-pr6ss'i-ble, a. Capable 
 
 of being compressed. 
 Com-pres'sion, n. Act of 
 
 prcvssing together. 
 •eom-pri§e', v. t. To contain, 
 •edm'pro-mige, n. Amicable 
 agreement in which mutual 
 concessions are made. — v. t. 
 To settle by mutual agree- 
 ment ; to put to haeard. - 
 
 V. i. To make an agreement, 
 ■edm'pro-mit, v. t. To prom- 
 ise; to compromise, 
 •eomp-trol'ler (kon-trol'-), n. 
 A public officer who exam- 
 ines and certifies account*?, 
 ■eom-pul'sa-to-ry, a. Com- 
 pelling. 
 
 €om-pul'sion, n. Act of com- 
 pelling; force applied. 
 ■€oin-puPsive, la. Compel- 
 ■eom-pul'so-ry, f ling ; con- 
 straining ; forcing. 
 €om-pun€'tion,M. Remorse. 
 ■eom-pun€'tious, a. Attend- 
 ed with compunction or pain 
 for offenses. 
 ■€om-put'a-ble, a. Capable 
 
 of being computed. 
 €dm'pu-ta'tion, n. Ac6 of 
 
 reckoning. 
 ■€om-pute',tJ. t. To calculate, 
 ■eom-put'er, n. One who 
 
 computes or reckons. 
 •€6m'rade, w. An associate; 
 
 a mate ; a companion. 
 ■eSn, V. t. To revolve in 
 
 thought ; to study o'ver. 
 Con-^at'e-nate, v. t. To link 
 together ; to unite in a 
 series. 
 
 "€oii-«a,t'e-na/tion, n. A se- 
 ries of links, or of things 
 dependent on each other. 
 •C6n'€ave, a. Hollow and 
 
 6on. or, do, W9lf, to-Q to-ok ; Om, rije, pyU ; 9, ^, sofl; €, g, hard; a. ; exist ; 0 as ng ; 
 
 this. 
 
CONCAVITY 
 
 66 
 
 curved. — n. A hollow ; aji 
 arch or vault. 
 Con-eav'i-ty, n. HoUowness 
 
 of a rounded body. 
 •€cn-ca/vo-c6n'vex, a. Con- 
 cave on one side and convex 
 on the other, 
 -ecn-ca/vo-eon'-eaye, a. 
 
 Concave on both sides. 
 -eon-qesd' (8), v. t. To keep m 
 
 secret ; to hide ; secrete. 
 -eon-geaPment, n. Act of 
 
 hiding ; a hiding place, 
 •eon-gede', v. t. To grant; 
 
 to admit as true or proper, 
 -eon-geit', n. Fancy ; vanity. 
 
 — v.t. To fancy, 
 ■eon-geit'ed, a. Tain; proud. 
 •€on-Qeiv'a-hle, a. Capable 
 
 of being conceived. 
 -Gon-Qeive', v. To form in 
 the mind ; to imagine ; to 
 become with child. 
 •€on-Qen'ter, ) v. i. or t. To 
 ■eon-gen'tre, I come or bring 
 
 to a point. 
 -eSn'gen-trate, or -Gon-gen'- 
 trate, v. t. To bring to a 
 common center, or to a closer 
 union. [concentrating. 
 ■eSn/gen-tra'tion, n. Act of 
 ■eon-gen'tra-tive-ness, n. 
 Faculty of concentrating 
 the intellectual force. 
 -Gon-gen'tri-c, 1 a. Having 
 •€on-genari-e-al, j a common 
 center. 
 
 -Con-gep'tion, n. Act of con- 
 ceiving ; notion ; thought. 
 ■Gon-gern', v. t. To affect ; to 
 interest. — n. An affair ; 
 anxiety ; soUcitude ; busi- 
 ness ; care. [ing to. 
 ■eon-qern'mg, p. pr. Pertain- 
 •Gon-gern'meHt, n. Business. 
 •Gon-gert', v. t. To contrive 
 
 together ; to plan. 
 -G6n'gert, n. Agreement; a 
 
 musical entertainment. 
 •Gon-ges'sion (-sesh^un), n. 
 
 Act of yielding ; grant. 
 •Gon-ges'sive, a. Implying 
 concession. [shell 
 ■Gon-cli (koijk), n. A marine 
 -Gon-ch-oid'al, a. Ilesembling 
 
 a marine shell. 
 -Gon-ch61'o-gist, n. One 
 versed in conchology 
 
 •€on-«h51'o-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence of shells. 
 -Gon-gil'i-ate, v. t. To gain 
 by favor ; to win over. — 
 Syn. To propitiate ; engage. 
 -Gon-giPi-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 conciliating. 
 ■Gon-giFi-a-to-ry, a. Tend- 
 ing to conciliate ; pacific. 
 -Gon-gise', a. Brief; short; 
 
 terse. [words. 
 •Gon-gise'iy, adv. 3n few 
 ■Gon-gis'ion (-sizh'un), n. A 
 
 cutting off; circumcision. 
 ■Gon'-elave, n. Assembly of 
 cardinals ; private meeting. 
 -Gon-clude', v. t. To bring to 
 an end ; to finish. — v. t. To 
 come to an end ; to infer. 
 ■Gon-elu'sioiL, n. End ; infer- 
 ence; determination. 
 •Gon-clu'sive, a. Decisive; 
 
 final. [sively. 
 ■Gon-elu'sive-ly, adv. Deci- 
 -Gon-eoct', v. t. To digest; 
 to ripen ; to mature ; to con- 
 trive, [cocting. 
 -Gon-c6€'tion, n. Act of con- 
 -Gon-e6€t'ive , a. Tending to 
 
 digest or mature. 
 ■Gon-eSm'i-tange, ] n. A 
 -Gon-€6m'i-tan-gy, j being 
 
 together ; accompaniment. 
 ■Gon-eom'i-tant, a. Accom- 
 panying. — n. A compan- 
 ion; accompaniment. 
 -G6n'€0rd,n. Union; agree- 
 ment; harmony. 
 ■Gon-€6rd'ange,n. A minute 
 
 verbal index to a book. 
 -Gon-eord'ant, a. Agreeing ; 
 
 suitable; harmonious. 
 ■G6n'-c6urse,n. An assembly. 
 -Gon-crete% v. i. or t. To 
 
 unite in a mass. 
 ■G6n'-erete, a Formed by con- 
 cretion ; not abstract. — n. 
 A compound. 
 -Gon-€re'tion, n. Act of con- 
 creting, [concrete. 
 ■Gon-cre'tive, a. Causing to 
 •Gon-cu'bi-nage, n. Cohabi- 
 tation of a man and a woman 
 not married. [tress. 
 -Gon'-cu-bine, n. A kept mis- 
 1 -Gon-eii'pis-genge, n. Lust. 
 •Gon-cur' To tend to 
 
 one point ; to unite in action 
 
 CONDUCT 
 
 or opinion.— Syn. To agree } 
 coincide ; combine ; join. 
 •Gon-€ur'renge, n. Union; 
 
 conjunction ; agreement. 
 ■Gon-eur'rent, a. Acting to- 
 gether. 
 
 -Gon-eiis'sion, n. A shaking ; 
 
 a sudden jar. [shake. 
 -Gon-€iis'sive, a. Able to 
 -Gon-demn' (-demO, t^'- To 
 pronounce to be wrong ; to 
 doom ; to sentence. 
 ■Gon/dem-na'tioii, n. Act of 
 
 condemning ; sentence. 
 ■Gon-dem'na-to-ry, a. Im- 
 plying condemnation. 
 ■Gon-dem'ner, n. One who 
 
 condemns. 
 -Gon/den-sa'tion, n. Act of 
 
 condensing. 
 -Gon-dense', v. To make or 
 
 become more dense. 
 •Gon-dens'er, n. He who, or 
 
 that which, condenses. 
 ■G6n/de-sgend', v. i. To waive 
 
 a privilege of rank. 
 Cdn'de-sgend'ing, a. Yield- 
 ing to inferiors ; obliging. 
 ■Gon^de-scen'sion, n. Act of 
 
 condescending; affability. 
 •Gon-dign' {-dmO, a. De- 
 served ; suitable ; merited. 
 -G6n'di-inent, n. A seasoning. 
 •Gon-di'tion (-dish/un), n. 
 State ; quality ; term of 
 agreement. — v. To make 
 terms ; to stipulate. 
 •Gon-di'tion-al (-dish/un-), a. 
 
 Implying terms. 
 ■Gon-diaioned (-dish^und), a. 
 Having terms, qualities or 
 properties, [express sorrow. 
 -Gon-ddle', v. t. To grieve; to 
 •Gon-do'lenge, ?i. Expression 
 of grief or sympathy, [doles. 
 •Gon-d51'er, « . One who con- 
 ■GSn'dor (18), n. 
 A large bird of 
 the vulture 
 kind. 
 -Gon-duge', v. i. 
 To tend ; to con- M ■ ^ 
 tribute. ^^C'^^S 
 •Gon-du'give, a. 
 
 Having a ten- ^onaor. 
 dency to conduce. [ance. 
 •G6n'du€t, n. Behavior ; guid- 
 ■Gon-du«t', V. t. To guide ; to| 
 
CONDUCTOR 
 
 67 CONGREGATIONALIST 
 
 control ; to manage. — v. i. 
 To behave. [manager 
 •eon-du€t'or, n. A leader; 
 "€6n'duit (kon^dit or ktin/dit), 
 
 n. A water-pipe ; a canal. 
 •G6ne, n. A solid body 
 tapering to a point A 
 from a circular base. /;\ 
 
 •Con-fab'u-late,'y.i. To £[1 
 talk together. ^^=^ 
 
 ■eon-fab^u-la'tion, n. Cone. 
 Familiar talk. 
 
 ■€6n'fe-ct, In. A sweet- 
 
 •€on-f§€'tion, } meat. 
 
 •Con-fe€'tion-er, n. One who 
 sells sweetmeats, &c. 
 
 -eon-fec'tion-er-y, n. Sweet- 
 meats in general. 
 
 ■€on-fed'er-a-gy, n. A league ; 
 coalition ; conspiracy. 
 
 ■€on-f6d'er-ate, a. United in 
 a league. — n. Member of 
 a confederacy ; ally. 
 
 •eon-fed'er-ate, v. To unite 
 in alliance. [ance ; league. 
 
 •€on-f6d/er-a'tion, n. Alli- 
 
 ■Gon-fed'er-a-tive, a. Con- 
 stituting a federal compact. 
 
 •€on-fer', v. t. To bestow ; to 
 award. — v. i. To discourse 
 seriously. 
 
 •€5n'fer-enQe, n. Serious con- 
 versation ; a meeting for 
 consultation. 
 
 ■Gon-fess', v. To own ; to 
 avow ; to grant ; to hear 
 confession. [ly. 
 
 •eon-fess'ed-ly, adv. Avowed- 
 
 •Gon-fes'sion (-fesh/un) n. 
 Acknowledgment ; act of 
 confessing to a priest. 
 
 ■€on-fes'sion-al, n. A place 
 where confession is made. 
 
 •€on-fess'or, w. One who con- 
 fesses or hears confessions. 
 
 •€6n/fi-dant', n. m. \ A bo- 
 
 •€6n^fi-dante',n./gw. j som 
 friend, [—t-. To intrust. 
 
 ■eon-fide', V. i. To put faith. 
 
 •Gon'fi-denge, n. Firm belief; 
 trust ; self-reliance. 
 
 •€6n'fi-dent, a. Having great 
 confidence or boldness. 
 
 •€6n/fi-den'tial, a. Trusty; 
 private. [confidence. 
 
 ■eSn'fi-dent-ly, adv. With 
 
 •eon-fig/u-ra'tion, n. Exter- 
 nal form or figure. 
 
 • -eSn'finejn. A limit; border. 
 — v.t. To restrain ; to limit ; 
 
 ; to shut up. [To border. 
 , €6n'fme, or -eon-fine', v. i. 
 ■eon -fine 'ment, n. Restraint, 
 •eon-firm', v. t. To make cer- 
 tain ; to admit to the full 
 privileges of the church. — 
 Syn. To strengthen ; verify ; 
 assure. 
 
 • -edn/fir-ma'tion, n. Act of 
 confirming or establishing. 
 
 ■eon-firm'a-tive, \ a. Tend- 
 €on-frrm'a-to-ry, ) ing to 
 
 confirm, 
 ■eon'fis-eate, or -eon-fis'- 
 ■eate, a. Forfeited to the 
 public use. 
 ■e6n'fis-€ate or -eon-fis'- 
 oate, V. t. To forfeit to 
 the public treasury, 
 •edn^fis-ea'tion, n. The act 
 of forfeiting or confiscating. 
 •e5n'fis-€aaor, n. One who 
 confiscates. [fire. 
 ■eSn^fia-gra'tion, n. A great 
 ■eon-fli-ct', V. t. To strive; to 
 contend. [struggle. 
 -e6n'fli€t, n. A contest ; 
 €6n'flu-enQe, n. A flowing 
 
 together ; a concourse, 
 ■edn'flu-ent, a. Running to- 
 gether. — n. A stream flow- 
 ing into a larger one. 
 ■eon-form', v t. To make like. 
 
 — V. i. To comply ; to yield, 
 -eon-form'a-ble, a. Suitable ; 
 
 agreeable. [ably, 
 ■eon-form'a-bly, adv. Suit- 
 ■edn'for-ma'tion, n. Act of 
 conforming; disposition of 
 parts ; structure, 
 ■eon-form'i-ty, n. Compli- 
 ance with ; agreement. 
 fJon-found', v. t. To mix; to 
 
 mingle ; to perplex, 
 •eon-found'ed, />./?. Blended; 
 
 mixed. — p. a. Enormous. 
 •eon-fr6nt' (-frfintO, v. t. To 
 
 face ; to set face to face. 
 ■eon-fu§e', V. t. To confound ; 
 
 to perplex; to abash, 
 -eon-fus'ed-ly, adv. In con- 
 fusion". 
 
 ■eon-fu'sion, «. Disorder; tu- 
 mult ;"ruin ; indistinctness, 
 ■eon/fu-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 disproving ; refutation. 
 
 j ■eon-fute', V. t. To disprove ; 
 I to prove to be false. 
 •eSn'ge, n. A bow ; reverence ; 
 
 farewell. — v. i. To take 
 
 leave. 
 
 €on-geal', v. t. or i. To 
 freeze ; to thicken ; to stiffen. 
 
 -eon-geal'a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being congealed. 
 
 ■eon-geal'ment, n. Act of 
 congealing ; mass congealed. 
 
 •edn'ge-la'tion, n. Process 
 of congealing ; thing con- 
 gealed. 
 
 ■edn'ge-ner, n. A thing of 
 the same nature or origin. 
 
 €on-ge'ni~al, a. Of the same 
 nature or disposition. 
 
 Con-ge^ni-ai'i-ty, n. Natural 
 affinity ; suitableness. 
 
 €on-gen'i-tal,a. Of the same 
 birthj dating from birth. 
 
 ■eon-ge'ri-es, //.. Mass or col- 
 lection of bodies. 
 
 ■eon-ges'tion (-jf'st/yun), n. 
 An unnatural collection of 
 blood. 
 
 ■eon-ggst'ive, a. Indicating 
 an accumulation of blood in 
 some part of the body. 
 
 €on-glo'bate, a. Formed into 
 a ball, [forming into a ball. 
 
 ■eSn/glo-ba'tion, n. Act of 
 
 ■eon-glo'bate,r. t. To gather 
 into a globe or ball. 
 
 ■eon-glom'er-ate, v. t. To 
 gather into a round mass. 
 
 ■eon-glom'er-ate, a. Gath- 
 ered together in a mass. 
 
 ■eon-glom'er-a'tion, n. A 
 gathering in_to a round mass. 
 
 ■eon-grat'u-late, v. t. To 
 wish joy to to felicitate. 
 
 ■eon-grat^u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 congratulating. 
 
 €on-grat'u-la-to-ry, a. Ex- 
 pressing joy. 
 
 ■eon'gre-gate, v. To assem- 
 ble ; to meet ; to gather. 
 
 ■eon/gre-ga'tion, n. An as- 
 sembly, especially a relig- 
 ious assembly. 
 
 ■eon^gre-ga'tion-al, a. Re- 
 lating to a congregation. 
 
 ■e6n/gre-ga'tion-al-i§m, n. 
 Government of itself by 
 each local church. 
 
 ■eon^gre-ga'tion-al-ist, n. 
 
 I, or, d2, W9lf, to-o, tcTok; fim, r^e, pvOI; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ag 5 exist; d as eg ; tiiis. 
 
CONGRESS 
 
 68 
 
 CONSIGNMENT 
 
 An adherent to the congre- 
 gational mode of govern- 
 ment. 
 
 €on'gress (18), w. A meet- 
 ing ; the legislature of the 
 United States. 
 ■Gon-gres'sion-al (-gresh/- 
 un-), a. Pertaining to con- 
 gress, [nient. 
 •eSn'gru-enge, n. Agree- 
 •€on'gru-ent, a. Agreeing. 
 €on-gru'i-ty, n. Consistency. 
 •€6n'gru-ous (kong/gru-us), 
 
 cT. Being suitable ; fit. 
 •G6n'i€, I a. Pertaining to, 
 •Con'i-e-al, ) or Uke, a cone. 
 •€6n'i€-al-ly, adv. In the 
 
 form of a cone. 
 •Gon'i-es, n. sing. The science 
 which treats of the proper- 
 ties of the cone. 
 •€o-nif'er-oiis, a. Bearing 
 
 cones, as the pine. 
 •€on-je€t'ur-al, a. Depend- 
 ing on conjecture. 
 •Gon-je€t'ure, n. Opinion 
 based on imperfect knowl- 
 edge; surmise. — v. t. To 
 guess ; to suspect. 
 ■Gon-join', v. To connect ; to 
 
 unite ; to join. 
 ■€on-joint', a. United ; con- 
 nected ; associated. 
 •Gon-joint'ly,a(^f. With unit- 
 ed efforts. [marriage. 
 €6n'ju-gal, a. Relating to 
 •€6n'ju-gate, v. t. To intlect, 
 as verbs. [tion of verbs. 
 •€6n^ju-ga'tion, n. Inflec- 
 •€on-jun€t', a. Joint ; con- 
 current, [connecting word. 
 •€on-jun-e'tion,n. Union; a 
 •eon-jun-et'ive, a. Serving to 
 unite." [connection ; crisis. 
 €on-jiin€t'ure, n. Union ; 
 €6n/ju-ra'tion, n. Solemn 
 
 treaty ; enchantment, 
 ■€6n'jure (kttn'jur), v. t. To 
 charm ; to enchant. — v. i 
 To practice magical arts. 
 "Con-jure', v. t. To enjoin 
 solemnly. [enchanter. 
 €6n'jur-er (kQn/jur-), n. An 
 €6n'nate, a. Born at the 
 same time. [by nature. 
 €on-nat'u-ral, a. Connected 
 €on-ne€t', v. t. To knit to- 
 gether ; to unite. 
 
 ■Gon-ne^j'tion, n. Act of join- 
 ing ; a relation by blood or 
 marriage. — Syn. Union ; 
 coherence ; junction. 
 
 •€on-neet'ive,a. Serving to 
 connect. — n. A word that 
 connects sentences. [tion. 
 
 -Gon-nex'ion. See Connec- 
 
 •Gon-niv'ange, n. A giving 
 secret assistance or sympa- 
 thy. 
 
 •€on-nive', v. i. To wink at. 
 
 •€6n'nois-se^r' (kon/nis- 
 sQr'), n. A critical judge or 
 master of any art. 
 
 •€o'noid, n. A figure resem- 
 bling a cone. 
 
 -Gon-nu'bi-al, a. Pertaining 
 to marriage. 
 
 -Gon'quer (k6ok/er), v. t. To 
 overcome. 
 
 ■Gon'quer-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being conquered. [quers. 
 
 ■Gon'quer-or, n. One who con- 
 
 •€6n'quest (kSnk^west), n. 
 Act of conquering ; thing 
 conquered. — SYN. Victory ; 
 triumph ; subjection. 
 
 ■€6n/san-gum'e-oiis, a. Of 
 the same blood. 
 
 •€6n'san-guin'i-ty, n. Rela- 
 tion by blood. 
 
 ■Gdn'scienge, n. Internal or 
 self-knowledge, or sense of 
 right and wrong ; truth. 
 
 ■€6n/sci-en'tious (-shi-en^- 
 shus), a. Regulated by con- 
 science. 
 
 •Con'sci-en'tious-ness, n. A 
 scrupulous regard to con- 
 science, [able. 
 
 ■€6n'scion-a-ble, a. Reason- 
 
 ■Gon'scious (kon^shus), a 
 Having the power of know- 
 ing one's own thoughts. 
 
 •€6n'scious4y,«G^i'' With in- 
 ward persuasion. 
 
 •€6n'scious-ness, n. Percep 
 tion of what passes in one's 
 own mind. 
 
 ■e6n'S€ript, n. An enrolled 
 soldier. — a. Enrolled. 
 
 ■€on-s-erip'tion, n. Act of 
 enrolling or registering. 
 
 •€6n'se-€rate, v. t. To dedi- 
 cate ; to declare to be sacred 
 
 •€6n/se-€ra'tion, n. The act 
 of dedicating to sacred uses, 
 
 ■Con-se€'u-tive, a. Following 
 in order. [succession. 
 ■Gon-se-c'u-tive-ly, adv. In 
 ■Con-sent', n. Agreement ; 
 correspondence ; accord. — 
 V. i. To agree in opinion ; 
 to give assent. [cordaut. 
 •Con/sen-ta'ne-ous, a. Ac- 
 ■Con'se-quenge, n. That 
 which follows ; effect ; infer- 
 ence, [as a result. 
 ■Con'se-quent, a. Following, 
 -Con/se-quen'tial, a. Con- 
 ceited ; important. 
 •€6n/se-quen'tial-ly,a^/u. By 
 
 consequence ; pompousiy. 
 •€6n'se-qv.ent-ly, adv. By 
 
 consequence. 
 •Cdn'ser-va'tion, n. Preser- 
 vation from loss or injury. 
 •Con-serv'a-tive, a. Tending 
 
 or desiring to preserve. 
 -Con^ser-va'tor, or -Cdn'ser- 
 
 va'tor, n. A preserver. 
 ■Con-serv'a-to-ry, a. Tending 
 to preserve. — n. A green- 
 house for keeping plants. 
 •CSn'serve, n. A sweetmeat. 
 •€on-serve^ v. t. To pre- 
 serve ; to save. 
 •Con-sid'er, v. To think with 
 
 care ; to study ; to ponder. 
 ■Con-sid'er-a-ble, a. Worthy 
 of regard ; moderately large. 
 -Con-sid'er-a-bly, adv. In a 
 
 considerable degree. 
 •Con-sid'er-ate, a. Given tore- 
 flection. — Syn. Thought- 
 ful ; prudent; discreet. 
 ■Con-sid'er-ate-ly, adv. With 
 
 serious thought. 
 •Con-sid^er-a'tion, n. Act 
 of considering ; serious 
 thought; prudence; reason. 
 •Con-sid'er-ing, p. pr. Re- 
 garding ; having regard to. 
 •Con-sign' (-sin/), v. t. To 
 
 give ; to intrust ; to assign. 
 •C6n''sign-ee' (kon/sm-ee'), n. 
 One to whom a thing is con- 
 signed for sale. 
 Gon-sign'er (-sin/-), ) n. 
 •CSn^sign-or' (-sm-6rO, ) One 
 who commits to another in 
 trust. 
 
 "Con-sign'ment (-sTn/ment), 
 w. Act of consigning ; goods 
 consigned. 
 
 S, e, 1, 0, u, y, long ; 6, i, 6, Q, 5', short ; cure, car, ask, all, wk^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
CONSIST 
 
 69 
 
 CONTEMPLATE 
 
 Con-sist', V. i. To be made 
 up of; to subsist ; to agree. 
 •Con-sist'enge, I n. Fixed 
 ■eon-sist'en-Qy, j state ; 
 agreement ; congrnity. 
 
 ■€on-sist'ent, a. Agreeing ; 
 accordant; compatible. 
 
 •Con-sist'ent-ly, adv. In a 
 consistent manner. 
 
 ■e6n/sis-t6'ri-al, a. Relating 
 to a consistory. 
 
 •€on-sist'o-ry (19), n. A 
 spiritual court ; any solemn 
 assembly. 
 
 •eon-so^ci-a'tion (-so/shi-), n. 
 A union of neighboring 
 churches. [consolation. 
 
 •€on-s61'a-ble, a. Admitting 
 
 ■€6n'so-la'tion, n. Allevia- 
 tion : solace ; comfort. 
 
 €on-s61'a-to-ry, a. Tending 
 to gi\e consolation. 
 
 ■€on-s61e', v. t. To comfort ; 
 to cheer under sorrow. 
 
 •Cdn'sole, n. A bracket to 
 support a cornice, &c. 
 
 ■Gon-sdl'l-date, v. To make 
 or grow solid. 
 
 •Con-s61'i-da'tion, n. Act of 
 making hard or firm. 
 
 •C6n'sol§, or -eon-solg', n. pi. 
 An English funded govern- 
 ment security. 
 
 "€6n'so-nanQe, n. Agreement 
 of sounds ; concord ; accord. 
 
 •€6n'so-nant, a. Agreeable ; 
 consistent; accordant. — n. 
 A sound less open than a 
 Towel ; a letter representing 
 such sound. 
 
 •CSn'sort, n. A husband or 
 wife ; companion ; partner. 
 
 •€on-s6rt', v. i. To keep com- 
 pany ; to associate. — v. t. 
 To unite or join. 
 
 •Con-spi-e'u-ous, a. Obvious 
 to the sight ; manifest. 
 
 •Con-spi-e'u-ous-ness, n. 
 Openness to view ; clear- 
 ness. 
 
 •€on-spir'a-gy, n. A plot ; 
 combination for an evil pur- 
 pose, [spirer. 
 
 •€on-spir'a-tor, n. A con- 
 
 •€on-spire', v. i. To unite for 
 an evil purpose. 
 
 •€6n'sta-ble (ktm/sta-bl), n. 
 An officer of the peace. 
 
 ■Gon-st^b'u-la-ry , a. Pertain- 
 ing to constables. 
 
 ■edn'stan-gy, n. Stability ; 
 firmness of mind ; steadi- 
 ness. 
 
 ■€6n'stant, a. Firm ; un- 
 changing ; faithful in affec- 
 tion, [ably. 
 
 ■€6n'stant-ly, adv. Invari- 
 
 •C6n^stel-la'tion, n. A cluster 
 of fixed stars. 
 
 ■edn^ster-na'tion, n. Terror 
 that confounds. [costive. 
 
 •eSn'sti-pate, v. t. To make 
 
 ■Gdn-'sti-pa'tion, n. Costive- 
 ness. [constituents. 
 
 ■€on-stit'u-en-gy, n. liody of 
 
 •Con-stit'u-ent, a. Compos- 
 ing. — n. A person who 
 establishes or appoints ; an 
 element. 
 
 ■€6n'sti-tute, v.t. To estab- 
 lish ; to make ; to appoint. 
 
 ■€6n/sti-tu'tion, n. Act of 
 constituting ; frame of body, 
 mind, or government. 
 
 •G6n/sti-tu'tion-al, a. Con- 
 sistent with the constitu- 
 tion. 
 
 ■eSn^sti-tu/tion-ai'i-ty, n. 
 Consistency with the consti- 
 tution. 
 
 ■€6n'sti-tu'tion-aI-ly, adv. Tn 
 consistency with the consti- 
 tution, [ing. 
 
 •€6n'sti-tu/tive,a. Establish- 
 
 •Con-strain', v. t. To impel 
 with overpowering force. — 
 Syn. To compel ; force ; 
 drive ;_urge. [constrains. 
 
 -Gon-strain'er, n. One who 
 
 •€on-straiiit', n. Compulsion. 
 
 ■eon-stri€t', V. t. To biud ; 
 to cause to shrink. 
 
 ■€on-stri€aion, n. Contrac- 
 tion ; compression. 
 
 "€on-strin'gent, a. Binding. 
 
 €on-stru€t', v. t. To build ; 
 to compose ; to form ; to de- 
 vise, [constructs. 
 
 •Con-stru€t'er, n. One who 
 
 ■eon-stru-e'tion, n. Act of 
 constructing ; an edifice. 
 
 ■eon-stru€t'ive, a. By con- 
 struction ; inferred. 
 
 ■Con'strue, v. t. To explain, 
 
 ■edn-'stu-pra'tion, n. Act of 
 ravishing. 
 
 CSn'sub-stan'tial, a. Having: 
 the same substance. 
 
 ■€6n/sub-stan'ti-a'tion (-shT- 
 a^shun), n. Actual presence 
 of the body of Christ with 
 the sacraniental elements. 
 
 ■eSn/sue-tu'di-nal, a. Cus- 
 ton)ary ; usual. 
 
 ■€6n'sul, n. The chief magis- 
 trate in ancient Rome ; a 
 commercial agent, [consul. 
 
 ■eSn'su-lar, a. Relating to a 
 
 £6n'su-late, \ n. The office 
 
 ■Gdn'sul-ship, f of a consul. 
 
 ■Con-suit', V. i. To ask advice 
 of. — V. t. To take advice. 
 
 ■e6n'sul-tS,'tion, n. A con- 
 sulting ; dehberation. 
 
 -€on-sult'er, n. One who 
 consults. 
 
 •Con-siime', v. t. To waste ; 
 to spend. — v. i. To waste 
 away. 
 
 •€6n'sum-mate, or -eon- 
 sum'mate, v. t. To com- 
 plete ; to perfect. 
 
 ■€on-sum'mate, a. Accom- 
 plished ; complete ; perfect. 
 
 ■€6n/sum-ma'tion, n. Com- 
 pletion ; termination. 
 
 £on-sump'tion, n. Act of 
 consuming ; a wasting dis^ 
 ease of the lungs. 
 
 ■€on-sump'tive, a. Inclined 
 to consumption. [union. 
 
 ■Con'ta-et, n. Touch ; close 
 
 ■eon-ta'gion (-jun), «. Com- 
 munication of disease by 
 contact ; infection. 
 
 €on-ta'gious (-jus), a. Ilar^ 
 ing the quality of infecting. 
 
 •eon-tain', v. t. To hold ; to 
 comprise. — v. i. To live 
 chastely. 
 
 ■Con-tain'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being contained. 
 
 •€on-tam'i-nate, v. t. To de- 
 file ; to corrupt. [tainted. 
 
 €on-tam'i-nate,a. Polluted ; 
 
 ■€on-tam/i-na'tion, n. Pollu- 
 tion. 
 
 €on-teinn' (-t^''mO, v.t. To 
 
 despise ; to hate, 
 •€on-tem'ner, n. One who 
 
 contemns. 
 •Con'tem-plate, or -Con- 
 
 tem'plate, v. To meditate ; 
 
 to consider ; to design. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wglf, too, t<5bk ; tlm, rjje, pyll ; 9, ^, soft; €, g, hard; a§ ; exist ; a as ng ; this. 
 
CONTEMPLATION 
 
 ■G6n/tem-pla'tion, n. Modi- 
 tation. [to thought. 
 
 •eon-tsm'TDla-tive, a. Given 
 
 ■€6n'tem-pla/tor, n. One en- 
 gaged in deep thought. 
 
 ■eon-tem'po-ra-ry, \ «• 
 
 ■Con-tem'po-ra'ne-ous, j 
 Being at the same time. 
 
 ■eon-tem'po-ra-ry, 71 ■ One 
 living at the same time with 
 another. 
 
 ■Gon-tempt', n. Act of de- 
 spising ; disdain ; scorn. 
 
 €on-t3mpt'i-ble, o. Mean ; 
 vile. 
 
 •eon-tempfi-hly, adv. Mean- 
 ly, [ful. 
 
 -Gon-tempfu-ous, a. Scorn- 
 
 €on-tend', v. i. To strive ; 
 to struggle. [ant. 
 
 -Gon-tend'er, n. A combat- 
 
 •Con-tent', a. Satisfied ; quiet ; 
 — n. Satisfaction of mind. 
 —rv. t. To satisfy ; to please. 
 
 ■Gon-tent'ed, a. Satisfied ; 
 pleased ; content. 
 
 •€oii-tent'ed-ly, adv. In a 
 contented manner. 
 
 -Gon-tent'ed-ness, n. State of 
 being content. [bate. 
 
 ■eon-tenaion, n. Strife ; de- 
 
 •€on-ten'tious, a. Given to 
 strife ; quarrelsome. [tion. 
 
 •€on-tSnt'nient, n. Satisfac- 
 
 ■€6n'tent, or -Gon-tent', n. 
 That which is contained ; 
 (pi.) index. 
 
 •€on-ter'mi-noii3, a. Border- 
 ing ; contiguous, 
 
 ■Gon'test, n. A dispute ; strug- 
 gle ; debate. [pute. 
 
 Con-test', V. t. or i. To dis- 
 
 ■Gon'text, n. Order of dis- 
 course, [of parts ; texture. 
 
 •Con-text'ure,n. Composition 
 
 ■e6n'ti-gu'i-ty, n. Contact. 
 
 •€on-tig'u-ous, a. In actual 
 contact. — Syn. Adjoinin: 
 adjacent. 
 
 •G6n.'ti-nenQe, n. Forbearance 
 
 of carnal pleasure. 
 €6n'ti-nent, a. Not indulge 
 ing in sensual pleasure, 
 n. One of the larger divi- 
 sions of the earth. 
 •€6n''ti-n§nt'al, a. Pertainin; 
 
 to a continent, [continence, 
 ■€6n'ti-nent-ly, adv. With 
 
 70 
 
 •€on-tin'^enQe, \n. Casual 
 •Gon-tm'gen-gy, j event ; 
 
 chance ; possibility. 
 ■Gon-tin'gent, a. Accident- 
 al ; possible; liable. — n. 
 Chance ; a quota ; propor- 
 tion. 
 
 ■€on-tin'u-al, a. Uninter- 
 rupted, [out intermission. 
 
 -eon-tm'u-al-ly, adv. With- 
 
 -eon-tm'u-ange (11), n. Per- 
 manence, as of condition, 
 habits, &c. 
 
 -eoii-tin^u-a'tion, n. Con- 
 tinued succession. 
 
 -Gon-tin'u-aaor, n. One who 
 continues. 
 
 -Gon-tm'ue, v. i. To remain ; 
 to stay. — V. t. To protract ; 
 to persevere in. 
 
 ■Gon/ti-nu'i-ty, n. Uninter- 
 rupted connection. 
 
 •Gon-tm'u-ous, a. Closely 
 united, as it were into one. 
 
 •€on-t6rt', v. t. To twist ; to 
 writhe. 
 
 -Gon-tor'tion, n. A twisting. 
 
 •Gon-tpur' (-toor/), n. The 
 general outline of a figure. 
 
 ■Gon'tra-band, a. Prohibited 
 by law or treaty. — n. Ille- 
 gal trade. [covenant. 
 
 -G6n'tra€t, w. An agreement; 
 
 -Gon-tra-ct', v. t. To draw to- 
 gether or nearer ; to incur ; 
 to shorten. — v. i. To 
 shrink ; to bargain, [selfish. 
 
 -Gon-tra^t'ed, a. Narrow ; 
 
 -Gon-tra-et'ile, a. Capable of 
 contracting. 
 
 -Gonara-e-til'i-ty, n. Quality 
 of contracting or shrinking, 
 
 €on-tra€'tion, n. A shrink- 
 ing ; a shortening. 
 
 -Goii-tra,€t'or, n. One who 
 contracts. 
 
 ■Gon'tra-dange, n. A dance 
 with partners opposite. 
 
 ■G6n'tra-di€t', v. t. To op- 
 pose verbally ; to gainf?ay. 
 •G6n/tra-di€'tion, n. A de- 
 nying. 
 
 •Gonara-di-e'to-ry, a. Incon- 
 sistent ; disagreeing. 
 
 •G6n/tra-dis-tin€/tion, n 
 Distinction by opposites. 
 
 •G6n/tra-dis-tin-et'ive,a. Dis- 
 tinguishing by contrast. 
 
 CONTUMACIOUSLY 
 
 ■€6n/tra-dis-tin'giiisli, v. t. 
 
 To distinguish by opposite;?. 
 ■Gon-tral'to, n. The alto. 
 ■GoiVtra-ri'e-ty, n. Opposi- 
 tion ; inconsistency. 
 ■Gon'tra-ries, n.pl. Things of 
 
 opposite qualities. 
 •G6n'tra-ri-wi§e, a^^r. On the 
 
 contrary ; oppositely. 
 ■Gon'tra-ry, a. In direct op- 
 
 positiQn ; inconsistent. 
 •G6n'trast, n. Opposition or 
 
 difference in things. 
 -Gon-trast', v. t. or i. To 
 place or stand in opposition. 
 •Gon/tra-val-la'tion, n. A 
 trench and parapet formed 
 by besiegers. 
 ■Gbn^tra-vene', v. t. To op- 
 pose ; to cross ; to obstruct. 
 ■Gon^tra-vSn'tion, n. Oppo- 
 sition ; Yiolation ; obstruc- 
 tion. 
 
 Con-trib'ute, v. To partici- 
 pate in giving. 
 ■GoiVtri-bu'tion, n. Act of 
 
 contributing ; sum given. 
 ■Gon-trib'u-tor, n. One who 
 
 contributes. 
 ■Gon-trib'u-to-ry, a. Advan- 
 cing the same end. 
 •GSn'trite, a. Broken down 
 
 with grief. 
 •Gon-tri'tion (-trlsh^un), n. 
 
 Deep sorrow for sin. 
 ■Gon-triv'ange, n. Scheme ; 
 
 device ; thing contrived. 
 •Gcn-tnve', v. t. To invent ; 
 to project, — v.i. To make 
 devices. 
 
 ■Gon-trol' (7), n. Power to 
 govern; command. — v. t. 
 To restrain ; to govern. 
 ■Gon-tr5Pler,M. One who con- 
 trols ; an officer who checks 
 other officers by a counter 
 register of accounts. 
 ■G6n''tro-ver'sial, a. Relating 
 
 to controversy. 
 •Gon'tro-ver'sial-ist, n. One 
 
 engaged in controversy. 
 ■GonHro-ver-sy, n. Dispute. 
 ■Gon'tro-vert, v. t. To dispute. 
 ■G6n/tro-vert'i-ble, a. Capa- 
 ble of beJng controverted. 
 -G6n/tu-ma'cious, a. Obsti- 
 nate. [With obstinacy. 
 ■GSnau-ma'cious-ly, adv . 
 
 a, 6, 1, o, n, y, long; 5, 6, 1, 6, ti , short ; cSre, c^r, isk, all, whgt ; Sre, veil. t5rm ; pVque, firm : 
 
CONTUMACY 
 
 71 
 
 COPPER 
 
 €6n'tu-ma-Qy, n. Persistent 
 obstinacy ; stubbornness. 
 
 •Cdn'tu-mel'lous (-yus), a. 
 Reproachful; contemptuous. 
 
 •C6n'i/U-me-ly, n. Contemptu- 
 ous language; reproach. 
 
 •€on-tu'§ion, n. A bruise. 
 
 €o-nun'drum, n. A riddle 
 turning on a point of re- 
 semblance between things 
 very unlike. 
 
 36n/va-les'genQe, n. Recov- 
 ery from sickness. 
 
 •Cdn-'va-les'Qent, a. Recov- 
 ering^ health. 
 
 •Gon-vene', v. To assemble. 
 
 •€on-ven'ienQe, ) n. Accom- 
 
 •€on-ven'ien-Qy, ) moda- 
 tiou ; commodiousness 
 
 •eon-ven'ient, a. fit; suit- 
 able; adapted. 
 
 ■G6n'vent, n. A body of 
 monks or nuns ; a monas- 
 tery or nunnery. 
 
 •Gon-ven'ti-ele, n. A meet- 
 ing; assembly for worship. 
 
 •€on-ven'tion, n. Assembly ; 
 arbitrary custom. [on. 
 
 "€on-ven'tion-al, a. Agreed 
 
 ■€on-ven'tioii-al-ism, n. 
 That which is received by 
 tacit agreement. 
 
 ■Con-vent'u-al, a. Belonging 
 to a convent ; monastic. 
 
 ■Gon-verge', v. i. To tend 
 toward one point. 
 
 •Gon-verg^enge, n. Tendency 
 to one point. 
 
 ■Gon-verg'ent, ) a. Tendingto 
 
 •Gon-verg'ing, ) one point. 
 
 •Gon-ver'sa-ble, a. Sociable. 
 
 •G6n'ver-sant, a. Familiar; 
 having relation. 
 
 •Gon^ver-sa'tion, n. Familiar 
 discourse ; behavior. 
 
 •Gon/ver-sa'tion-al, a. Per- 
 taining to conversation. 
 
 •Gon-verse', v. i. To dis- 
 course ; to talk familiarly. 
 
 •G6n'verse, n. Conversation ; 
 a reversed or opposite propo- 
 sition. — a. Directly oppo- 
 site, [of order. 
 
 ■Gon'verse-ly, adv. By change 
 
 •Gon-ver'sion, n. A turning ; 
 change; transformation, 
 
 ■GSn'vert, n. One who has 
 changed his opinions. 
 
 ■Gon-vert', v. t. To change 
 to another form or state. 
 
 ■Gon-verVi-bil'i-ty, n. Pos- 
 sibility of being converted. 
 
 ■Gon-vert 'i-ble, a. Capable 
 of being converted. 
 
 •Gon'vex, a. Roundish on the 
 outside. — n. A convex 
 body. 
 
 •Goii-vex'i-ty, ) n. Spherical 
 
 •€6n'vex-ness, ) form on 
 the outside. 
 
 ■Gon-vey', v. t. To carry ; to 
 transfer. 
 
 ■Gon-vey'anQe,n. Act of con- 
 veying ; that which conveys. 
 
 ■Gon-vey'an-ger, n. One who 
 draws deeds, &c. 
 
 •Goii-vey'an-Qing, n. The 
 business of a conveyancer. 
 
 ■G6n'vi€t, n. A person proved 
 guilty of crime, [be guilty. 
 
 ■Gon-vi-et', v. t. To prove to 
 
 ■Gon-vi€'tion, n. A proving 
 guilty ; state of being con- 
 vinced. 
 
 ■Gon-vinge', v. t. To satisfy 
 by evidence ; to persuade. 
 
 •Gon-viv'i-al, a. Festive ; jo- 
 vial. 
 
 ■Gon-viv/i-M'i-ty, n. Jovial 
 
 disposition ; festive mirth. 
 ■Gon'vo-ea'tion, n. A meet- 
 ing ; an ecclesiastical assem- 
 bly, [gether. 
 ■Gon-voke', v. t. To call to- 
 ■Gon'vo-lu'ted, a. Rolled 
 
 upon itself. 
 ■Goii-'vo-lu'tion, n. The act 
 of rolling together, [gether. 
 ■Gon-volve', v. t. To roll to- 
 •Gon-voy', v. t. To accompany 
 for protection, [protection. 
 ■Gon'voy, n. Attendance for 
 ■Gon-vulse', v. t. To affect by 
 violent motion. [spasm. 
 ■Gon-vul'sion, n. A violent 
 ■Gon-vul'sive, a. Producing 
 
 convulsion 
 -Go'ny, or -Gon'y (19), n. A 
 rabbit. 
 
 ■Gob', V. i. To make a noise, 
 as a dove. 
 
 Gobk, n. One who prepares 
 food for the table. — v. t. To 
 prepare food for the table. 
 
 ■Gdbk'er-y, n. Act of prepar- 
 ing food for the table. 
 
 ■Gdbk'y, n. A small, hard^ 
 sweetened cake. 
 
 ■Gobi, a. Somewhat cold; 
 lacking warmth. — n. A 
 moderate state of cold. — 
 V. t. To make moderately 
 cold. — V. i. To grow cool. 
 
 ■Gobl'er, n. A vessel for cool 
 ing ; that which cools. 
 
 •Gdbl'ly, adv. Without heat. 
 
 •Gobl'ness, n. Moderate cold. 
 
 ■Gdb'ly, I n. An East Indian 
 
 •Gdb'lie, ) or Chinese porter, 
 or transported laborer. 
 
 -Goomb (kcTom), n. A dry 
 measure of four bushels. 
 
 •Gdbp, n. A cage for fowls, 
 &c. ; a barrel. — v. t. To 
 cage ; to shut up. [cjisks, &c. 
 
 ■Go^p'er, n. A maker of 
 
 ■Gdbp'er-age, w. Price for 
 cooper s work ; shop or work 
 of a cooper. [together. 
 
 •Go-6p'er-ate, v. i. To work 
 
 •Go-6p^er-a'tion , n. Joint 
 labor. [ing the same end. 
 
 ■Go-6p'er-a-tive, a. Promot- 
 
 ■Go-6p'er-a''tor, One who 
 works with others. 
 
 •Go-or'di-nate, a. Holding 
 the same rank or degree. 
 
 ■Gdbt', n. A kind of water- 
 fowl ; a foolish fellow. 
 
 •Go-pai'ba, ) n. A medicinal 
 
 •Go-pal 'va, ) resinous juice. 
 
 ■Go'pal, n. A resinous sub- 
 stance used in making var- 
 nishes. 
 
 ■Go-par'ge-na-ry, ) n. Joint 
 ■Go-par 'ge-ny, j heirship. 
 •Go-par'ge-ner, n. A joint 
 
 heir. [partner. 
 ■Go-part 'ner, n. A joint 
 ■Go-part'ner-ship, n. Joint 
 
 concern in business. 
 ■Gope, n. A priest's cloak : a 
 
 kind of hood; arch-work. 
 
 — V. To contend ; to strive ; 
 
 to oppose with success. 
 ■Gop'i-er (13), n. One who 
 
 copies. [of a wall. 
 
 ■Gop'ing, n. Top or cover 
 •Go'pi-oiis, a. Plentiful ; 
 
 abundant ; large in amount. 
 ■Go'pi-ous-ly, adv. Amply. 
 ■Gop'per, n. A reddish metal ; 
 
 a large boiler. — v. t. To 
 
 cover with copper. 
 
 s6n, 6r, dQ, wglf, t(5b, t(5bk ; firn, rye, p\^l ; p, ^, soft; €, g, hard; ; exist ; q as ng ; fais. 
 
COPPERAS 
 
 72 
 
 CORROSIVE 
 
 ■€6p'per-as, n. Sulphate of 
 iron ; green yitriol. 
 
 Cop'per-plate, «. A plate of 
 copper engraved, or an im- 
 pression from it. [copper. 
 
 ■Gop'per-y, a. Containing 
 
 ■€6p'piQe, ) n. A wood of 
 
 "Cdpse, ) small growth. 
 
 •€6p'u-la''tive, a. Serving to 
 unite. — n. A copulative 
 conjunction. 
 
 oop'y (19), n. A transcript ; 
 pattern; imitation. — v. t. 
 To transcribe ; to imitate. — 
 V. i. To make, as a copy. 
 
 ■€6p'y-h61d, n. A tenure in 
 England by copy of record. 
 
 ■eSp'y-ist (13), n. One who 
 copies. 
 
 ■Cdp'y-right (-rTt), n. The sole 
 right of an author to publish 
 a book. 
 
 Co-quSt' (ko-ketO, v. t. To 
 attempt to excite admiration 
 from vanity. — v.i. To trifle 
 in love. [love. 
 
 ■eo-quet'ry, n. Trifling in 
 
 -eo-quette' (ko-ketO, n, A 
 vain, jilting girl. 
 
 ■€o-quet'tish (-ket/-), a. Be- 
 fitting a coquette. 
 
 "€6r'al, n. A calcareous se- 
 cretion by zoophytes. 
 
 ■edr'al-line, a. Of or like 
 coral. 
 
 ■Cwd, n. A line ; a measure 
 of wood containing 128 cubic 
 feet. — V. t. To tie up ; to 
 pile up for measurement. 
 
 •Cord'age, n. Ropes or cords. 
 
 •Gord'ate, a. Heart-shaped. 
 
 ■€6r'di-al, or -edrd'ial, n. An 
 exhilarating liquor. — a. 
 Hearty ; sincere. 
 
 ■e6rMi-ai'i-ty, or -eord-ial'i- 
 ty, n. Sincerity ; warm af- 
 fection. 
 
 ■€6r'di-al-ly, or -eord'ial-ly, 
 adv. With sincere aflFection. 
 
 -eor'don, n. A line of military 
 posts or troops. 
 
 ■€6r/du-roy', n. A thick, 
 ribbed cotton stuff. 
 
 Cord'wain-er, n. A shoe- 
 maker. 
 
 "Gore, n. Heart or inner part. 
 -Go/ri-a'ceoiis, a. Consisting 
 of leather ; leathery. 
 
 •€6'ri-an''dcr, n. A plant 
 having scrong-scented seeds. 
 
 ■€6rk, n. A tree, or its bark ; 
 a stopper. — v. t. To stop 
 with a cork. 
 
 ■e6rk'-s€rew (-sknj), n. A 
 screw to draw corks from 
 bottles. [sea-bird. 
 
 -eor'mo-rant, n. A voracious 
 
 ■Gorn, n. Grain of any kind ; 
 maize ; a hard, horny ex- 
 crescence on the feet. — v. t. 
 To sprinkle with salt. 
 
 •Gor'ne-a, n. Horny mem- 
 brane in the fore part of the 
 eye. 
 
 ■Gor'nel, n. A shrub and its 
 
 frviit. [cret place. 
 
 •Gor'ner, n. An angle ; a se- 
 ■Gor'ner-stone, w. A stone at 
 
 the corner of a foundation. 
 ■Gor'ner-wise, adv. From 
 
 corner to^corner ; with the 
 
 corner in front. 
 ■Gor'net, n. A musical wind 
 
 instrument ; cavalry officer. 
 ■Gor'net-Qy, n. Office of a 
 
 cornet. [top of a wall. 
 
 ■Gor'mge, n. Molding at the 
 ■G6r/iiu-€o'pi-a (18), n. A 
 
 horn of plenty. 
 ■Gdr'ol, ) n. The 
 ■Go-rol'la, ) inner 
 
 part of a flower, 
 
 composed of petals. 
 ■G6r'ol-la-ry, n. An 
 
 inference derived 
 
 incidentally. 
 ■G6r'o-nal, n. A 
 
 crown ; garland. 
 
 a. Relating to the top of the 
 
 head. [or like, a crown. 
 ■G6r'o-na-ry, a. Relating to, 
 ^6r/o-na'tion, n. Act of 
 
 crowning. 
 •G6r'o-ner, n. An officer who 
 
 inquires into the cause of 
 
 any sudden death. 
 ■G6r'o-net, n. Crown worn by 
 
 a nobleman. 
 ■Gor'po-ral, n. An inferior 
 
 military officer. — a. Per- 
 taining to the body. 
 -Gor'po-ral-ly, adv. Bodily. 
 ■Gor'po-rate, a. United in a 
 
 community or association. 
 ■Gor^po-ra'tion, n. A society 
 
 acting as an individual. 
 
 Corollas. 
 
 ■Gor'po-ra^tor, n. A member 
 
 of a corporation. 
 ■Gor-po're-al, a. Having a 
 
 body ; bodily ; not spiritual. 
 "Gor-po're-al-ly, adv. In a 
 
 bodily form or manner. 
 •Gor^po-re'i-ty, 9i. Bodily 
 
 substance. [troops. 
 ■Gorps (kor), n. A body of 
 ■Corpse, n. A dead body. 
 ■Gor'pu-lenge, n. Fleshiness. 
 ■Gor'pu-lent, a. Very fleshy. 
 ■Gor'pus-gle (-pus-sl), n. An 
 
 atom ; a minute particle. 
 ■Gor-piis'-eu-lar, a. Relating 
 
 to corpuscles. 
 ■Gor-re-et', v. t. To make 
 
 right ; to reprove or punish. 
 
 — a. Exact ; accurate. 
 ■Gor-re-e'tion, n. Act of cor- 
 recting. 
 
 ■Gor-re-et'ive, a. Tending to 
 correct. — n. That which 
 has the power of correcting. 
 
 ■Gor-re€t'ly, adv. Exactly. 
 
 •Gor-re-et'ness, n. Accuracy. 
 
 ■Gor-rS-ct'or, n. One wlio 
 corrects. 
 
 ■Gor-rel'a-tive, a. Having 
 mutual relation. — n. One 
 who, or that which, stands 
 in a reciprocal relation to 
 some other person or thing. 
 
 •Gdr^re-spdnd', v. i. To suit ; 
 to agree; to send and re- 
 ceive letters. 
 
 •G6r^re-sp6nd'enge, n. Agree- 
 ment ; interchange of let- 
 ters. 
 
 ■Gor-'re-spSnd'ent, a. Suited ; 
 conformable. — n. One w ho 
 has intercourse by letters. 
 
 "Gor'ri-dor, n. A gallery lead- 
 ing to independent apart- 
 ments, [ening. 
 
 ■Gor-r6b'o-rant, a. Strength- 
 
 •Gor-r6b'o-rate, r. t. To con- 
 firm : to strengthen. 
 
 ■Gor-rSb'' o -ra'tion , m . Ac t of 
 corroborating. 
 
 ■Gor-r6b'o-ra-tive, a. Tend- 
 ing to corroborate. 
 
 •Gor-rode', v. t. To consume 
 by degrees. [away. 
 
 ■Gor-ro'§ion, n. Act of eating 
 
 ■Gor-ro'Sive, a. Eating away 
 gradually. — n. Something 
 that corrodes. 
 
 a,e, T, 0, u, y, long; Ji, ^, i, 6, ti, 5^, short; care, car, ask, ^11, whjjt ; ere, veil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
CORRUGATE 
 
 73 
 
 COUNTESS 
 
 •C6r'ru-gate, v.t.To -vrrinkle ; 
 to contract. 
 
 ■€6r^ru-ga'tion, n. Contrac- 
 tion into wrinkles. 
 
 ■Gor-mpt', V. To spoil. — a. 
 Decayed ; spoilt ; debased. 
 
 ■eor-rtipVi-bil'l-ty, n. Ca- 
 pacity of being corrupted. 
 
 •€or-rupt'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being corrupted. 
 
 ■€or-rup'tion, n. Putres- 
 cence ; pollution ; depravity 
 of morals. [cal vessel. 
 
 ■Gor'sair, n. A pirate or pirati- 
 
 ■Gorse, n. A corpse. [ Poetical.] 
 
 ■Gorse'let, n. A light breast- 
 plate, [ladies. 
 
 ■Gor'set, n. A bodice for 
 
 ■Gor'tege (kor/tazh), n. A 
 train of attendants, [bark. 
 
 ■G6r'ti-€al, n. Belonging to 
 
 ■G6r'us-€ate, or -Go-rus'eate, 
 V. i. To glitter ; to sparkle. 
 
 •G6r/us-€a'tion, n. A sudden 
 flash of light. [war. 
 
 -Gor-v6tte', n, A sloop of 
 
 ■Gd'sey, a. See Cozey. 
 
 ■Go§^met'i€, a. Promoting 
 beauty. — n. A wash for 
 improving the complexion. 
 
 ■Gos-mog'o-ny, w. Science of 
 the formation of the world. 
 
 •Gos-m6g'ra-pher, n. One 
 versed in cosmography. 
 
 "Gog-m6g'ra-phy, n. A de- 
 scription of the world. 
 
 "Go§-m61'o-gist, n. One versed 
 in cosmology. 
 
 •Go§-m61'o-gy, n. Science of 
 the world or universe. 
 
 ■Gog-m6p'o-lite, n. A citizen 
 of the world. 
 
 ■Gds'set, n. A lamb reared by 
 hand. — v. t. To fondle. 
 
 ■G6st, n. Price paid ; charge ; 
 expense; loss of any kind. 
 — V. i. {imp. &p.p. COST.] 
 To be had at the price of. 
 
 •GSs'tal, a. Relating to the 
 ribs. 
 
 ■G6s'tive, a. Constipated. 
 •Gos'tive-ness, n. State of 
 
 being costive : constipation. 
 •G6st'li-ness (13), n Expen- 
 
 siveness. 
 •Gost'ly, a. Expensive ; dear. 
 ■Gos-tume', or -Gos'tume, n. 
 
 Style or mode of dress. 
 
 ■Got, 
 €ote, 
 sore i 
 ure. 
 ■G6t, \ 
 ■Gott, 
 
 n. A small house ; 
 
 hut ; cover for a 
 inger ; shed or inclos- 
 
 bed or 
 
 Liv- 
 
 A little 
 cradle. 
 ■Go-t^m^po-ra'ne-ous, 
 •Go-tem'po-ra-ry , 
 
 iug at the same time. 
 •Go-tem'po-ra-ry, n. One 
 
 who lives in the same age. 
 ■Go^te-rie' (18), n. A set of 
 people who meet familiarly. 
 ■Go-til'lon (-til/yun), ) n. A 
 ■Go-til'lion, ) brisk 
 
 lively dance and tune. 
 ■Got'tage (18), n. A small 
 house ; a hut. [a cottage. 
 ■G6t'ta-gcr, n. One living in 
 •Gdt'ter, n. A cottager. 
 -Gdtaon (kot^tn), 
 n. A plant and 
 a downy sub- 
 stance pro- 
 duced by it. 
 ■Got'ton-y, a. 
 Like cotton ; 
 downy. 
 -Gdt'y-le'don, 71. 
 One of the 
 seed-lobes of a 
 plant. 
 
 ■G6t/y-led'o-nous, a. Having 
 -Gouch, V. i. To lie down ; to 
 stoop, as in fear. — v. t. To 
 lay down ; to express ; to re- 
 move, as a cataract from the 
 eye. — n. A place for repose. 
 •Gough ( kawf ) ,n. Effort of the 
 lungs to throw off phlegm. 
 
 — V. To expel by a cough; 
 to try to throw off phlegm. 
 
 ■Gould (kdbd), imp. of Can. 
 
 ■Goul'ter. See Colter. 
 
 ■Goun'Qil, n. An assembly for 
 consultation or advice. 
 
 ■Goun'gil-or, ) n. A member 
 
 •Goun'Qil-lor, ) of a council. 
 
 •Goun'sel, n. Advice ; an ad- 
 viser; an advocate. — v. t. 
 (8) To give advice. 
 
 •Goun'sel-or I (8), n. One 
 
 •Goun'sel-lor j who gives 
 advice ; a lawyer. 
 
 ■Gount, V. t. To reckon ; to 
 number; to esteem. — v.i. 
 To number or be counted. 
 
 — 71. A tale ; a title. 
 
 ■Goun'te-nange, w. The face ; 
 air ; look ; support. — v. t. 
 To support ; to patronize. 
 
 ■Gount'er, n. A shop table. — 
 adv. In opposition. 
 
 ■Goun^ter-a^t', r. To act in 
 opposition, [weigh against. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-baPange, v. t. To 
 
 ■Goun'ter-charm, n. That 
 which dissolves a charm. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-eur^rent, n. A cur- 
 rent running contrary totho 
 main current. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-feit, a. Forged ; 
 deceitful. — 71. A forgery ; a 
 cheat. — V. t. To forgo. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-feit-er, n. A forger. 
 
 •Goun'ter-mand, n. A con- 
 trary order. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-mand', v. t. To 
 revoke, as a command. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-march, n. A 
 marching back ; a change of 
 the wings or lace of a bat- 
 talion, [march back. 
 
 •Goun'ter-march', v. i. To 
 
 •Goun'ter-mark, n. An after 
 mark on goods or coin. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-mark', r. t. To 
 apply a countermark to. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-nune, n. A sub- 
 terranean gallery excavated 
 to frustrate the use of an- 
 other, [feat secretly. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-nnne', v. t. To de- 
 
 ■Goun'ter-pane, n. Cover of a 
 bed. [spondent part. 
 
 •Goun'ter-part, n. Corre- 
 
 •Goun'ter-plot, w. A plot 
 against a plot. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-point, n. Art of 
 composing music in parts. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-poise, n. Equal 
 weight in opposition, [ance. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-poise', v. t To bal- 
 
 •Goun'ter-sign' (-sin'), v. t. 
 To sign as secretary opposite 
 to the signature of a supe- 
 rior, [military watchword. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-sign (-sin'), w. A 
 
 ■Goun'ter-sig'nal, n. A cor- 
 responding signal. 
 
 ■Goun'ter-ten'or, n. High 
 tenor in music. 
 
 •Goun'ter-vail', v. t. To act 
 against equally. 
 
 ■Gount'ess, n. The wife of an 
 earl or count. 
 
 son, or, dg, wglf, ttro, took ; fim, riie, pull ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ; exist ; q ng; this. 
 
COUNTING-HOUSE 
 
 74 
 
 CRANBERRY 
 
 Count'ing-house, ) n. A 
 
 •Count 'ing-room, ) house 
 or room for the keeping of 
 accouuts. [iufinite. 
 
 •Count'less, a. Numberless ; 
 
 •Coun'tri-fied, a. llustic. 
 
 •Coun'try (kun/try), n. Land 
 around a city ; a kingdom 
 or state ; native place. 
 
 ■Goun'try-dange, n. A con- 
 tra-dance. 
 
 •€oun 'try-man (21 One of 
 the same country ; a rustic. 
 
 "Goun'try-seat/w. Country 
 residence of a city gentle- 
 man. 
 
 ■€oun'ty, n. A shire ; district. 
 
 ■€oup'le (kQp/1), 71. Two of a 
 kind ; a pair ; a brace. — v. 
 To join ; to link ; to connect. 
 
 -Goup'Iet (kap/let), n. Two 
 verses that rhyme ; a pair. 
 
 -Goup'ling (kup/-), n. That 
 which couples or connects. 
 
 -Gou'pon (orkob^pong), n. An 
 interest certificate. 
 
 •Gour'age (kfir^ej), n. Bold- 
 ness to encounter danger. — 
 Syn. Bravery ; valor. 
 
 •eoiir-a'geous, a. Brave ; 
 boldj daring; valiant, [ly. 
 
 "€our-a'geous-ly , adv. Brave- 
 
 •Gpu'ri-er (koo^ri-er), n. A 
 messenger sent in haste. 
 
 •Course n. A passing or run- 
 ning ; race ; career ; prog- 
 ress ; service of meat. — v. i. 
 or t. To hunt ; to run. 
 
 ■Gours'er, n. A swift horse. 
 
 •Court, n. Residence of a 
 prince ; seat of justice ; an 
 inclosed space ; addresses ; 
 attentions. — v. t. To ad- 
 dress ; to Avoo. 
 
 •Court'e-ous (kQrt^e-us), a. 
 Polite ; civil ; complaisant. 
 
 •Court'e-ous-ly, adv. Polite- 
 ly, [an ; a prostitute. 
 
 •Court'e-san, n. A lewd wom- 
 
 •Courte'sy (kQrt/sy), n. Act 
 of respect by women. — v. i. 
 To make a courtesy. 
 
 •Court'e-sy (kCirt/e-sj^), n. 
 Politeness ; civility. 
 
 ■Court'ier (kort/yer), n. One 
 who frequents court. 
 
 •Court'li-ness, n. Complai- 
 Fance with dignity. 
 
 •Court'ly, a. Polite ; elegant. 
 
 •CourV-mar'tial (26), n. A 
 court to try crimes in mili- 
 tary or naval affairs. 
 
 •Court'ship, n. Solicitation 
 in marriage. 
 
 •Cous'm (kuz^n), n. Child of 
 an uncle or aunt. 
 
 •Cove, n. A small creek or 
 bay. — V. t. To arch over. 
 
 •Cov'e-nant, n. An agree- 
 ment; contract. — v. i. To 
 agree ; to stipulate. 
 
 •Cov^e-nant-ee', n. One to 
 whom a covenant is made. 
 
 •Cov'e-nant-er, n. Oae who 
 makes a covenant. 
 
 •Cov'er (kuv^er), v. t. To 
 spread over ; to clothe ; to 
 conceal. — n. Shelter ; con- 
 cealment ; pretense. 
 
 •Cov'er-ing, n. Any thing 
 spread over. [cover. 
 
 •Cov'er-let, n. An upper bed- 
 
 •Cov'ert (ktiv^-), a. Hid; se- 
 cret ; private. — n. A shel- 
 ter ; defense. [privately. 
 
 ■Cov'ert-ly, adv. Secretly ; 
 
 •Cov'ert-ure, n. The state of 
 a married woman. 
 
 •Cov-et, V. t. To desire un- 
 lawfully or earnestly. 
 
 ■Cov'et-ous, a. Avaricious ; 
 greedy for gain. 
 
 C6v'et-ous-ness,n. An eager 
 desire of gain. [birds. 
 
 •Cov'ey (19), n. A brood of 
 
 •Cow, n. Female of the bull. 
 
 — v.t.lo depress by fright- 
 ening. 
 
 •Cow'ard, n. One w^anting 
 courage; a poltroon. — a. 
 Timid ; base ; pusillanimous. 
 
 •CoWard-ige, In. Want of 
 
 •Cow'ard-li-ness, ) courage ; 
 timidity ; pusillanimity. 
 
 ■Cow'ard-ly, a. Meanly timid. 
 
 — adv. With mean timid- 
 ity, [waver through fear. 
 
 ■Gow'er, v. i. To sink or 
 ■Cow'hide, n. ' Hide of a cow, 
 
 or leather made of it. — v. 
 
 t. To beat with a cowhide. 
 •Cowl, n. A monk's hood. 
 •Cow'lick, n. A tuft of hair 
 
 turned wrongly over the 
 
 forehead. [disease. 
 •Cow'pox, n. The vaccine 
 
 •Cow'slip, \n. A kind of 
 •Cow's'-lip, ( primrose. 
 •C6x'-e5mb (-kom), n. A fop. 
 Cox-eomb'i-c-al (-kom/-), a. 
 
 Foppish ; conceited. 
 -C6x'€omb-ry (-kom-),n. The 
 
 manners of a coxcomb. 
 •Coy, a. Shrinking from fa- 
 miliarity. — Syn. Modest ; 
 
 reserved ; shy ; bashful. 
 •Coy'ly, adv. With reserve. 
 •Coy'ness, n. Shyness. 
 Coz'en (kuz^n), v. i. To cheat. 
 •Co'zy, a. Snug ; comfortable. 
 ■Crab, n. A 
 
 shell-fish 
 
 having ten , 
 
 legs ; a kind t 
 
 of wild sour 
 
 apple. ^ 
 Crab'bed, a. Crab. 
 
 Peevish ; cross ; morose ; 
 
 difficult, [crabbed manner. 
 •Crab'bed-ly, adv. In a 
 ■Crack, n. A sudden sharp 
 
 noise ; a fissure. — v. i. or t. 
 
 To break into chinks. 
 •Crack'-brained, a. Crazed. 
 Crack'er, n. A hard biscuit ; 
 
 a kind of firework. 
 -Crack'le (kraka), v. i. To 
 
 make sharp noises. 
 ■Cra,ck'ling, n. The noise of 
 
 something that crackles. 
 ■Cra'dle, n. A machine for 
 
 rocking children ; also, one 
 
 for cutting grain. — v. t. To 
 
 lay or rock in a cradle ; to 
 
 cut and lay with a cradle. 
 ■Graft, n. Manual art ; trade j 
 
 cunning ; small vessels. 
 •Graft'i-ly, adv. With cun- 
 ning, [ning. 
 Craft'i-ness (13), n. Cuu- 
 Crafts'man, n. A mechanic. 
 Craft'y, a. Cunning ; artful. 
 Crag, n. A rough, steep rock. 
 Cr^g'ged, ) a. Rugged with 
 ■Grag'gy, j broken rocks. 
 •Cram, v. t. or i. To stuff; to 
 
 crowd. [ing rhymes. 
 
 •CrS,m^bo, n. A game at find- 
 ■Gr3,mp, n. A spasm of the 
 
 muscles. — v. t. To confine. 
 ■Gram-pdbn§', n. jpl. Hooked 
 
 pieces of iron for hoisting. 
 ■Cr^n'ber-ry, n. A sour, red 
 
 berry , growing in swamps. 
 
 g, e, 1, 5, 11, y, long ; 5, 6, i, 6, Q, 5^, short ; cSr©, car, ask, ^U, wh^t ; ere, vfiil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
CRANE 
 
 75 
 
 CiUTlCISE 
 
 •€rane, n. A migratory wading 
 bird ; a machine 
 for raising Ilea vy 
 
 •€ r a°n 1-6 y, 
 
 n. A treatise 
 
 the cranium. ^M,^J^ 
 
 ■€ra'ni-um,n.(p;. C^'^^'^- 
 •€ra'ni-a, 25.) The skull. 
 
 •Crank, n. Bent end of an axis. 
 — a. Bold; liable to overset. 
 
 •€rankae, v. To run in a 
 winding course. 
 
 •Cr3,n'ny, n. Crevice ; crack. 
 
 •€rape, n. A loosely woven 
 stuff used in mourning. 
 
 •Gr3<sh, V. i. To make a noise, 
 as of things falling. — «. A 
 loud noise, as of things fall- 
 ing and breaking. 
 
 •Grate, n. A wicker pannier 
 for earthen ware. [cano. 
 
 •Cra'ter, n. Mouth of a vol- 
 
 •€raunch (kriinch), v. t. To 
 crush with the teeth. 
 
 ■€ra-vat', n. A neckcloth. 
 
 ■Grave, v. t. To ask or desire 
 earnestly. 
 
 •Gra'ven, a. Mean and cow- 
 ardly. — n. A coward. 
 
 •Graw, n. The crop of birds. 
 
 •Graw'fish, or -Gray 'fish, n. 
 A shell-fish, resembling the 
 lobster. [as a worm. 
 
 ■Grawl, I', i. To creep : to move 
 
 •GrSy'on, n. A pencil ; a 
 drawing. — v. t. To sketch 
 with a crayon. 
 
 •Graze, v. t. To impair the 
 intellect ; to make crazy. 
 
 •Gra'zi-ness, n. State of being 
 crazy, or deranged. 
 
 •Gra'zy, a. Deranged ; insane ; 
 broken. [ing sound. 
 
 ■Greak, v. i. To make a grat- 
 
 "Greak'ing, n. A sharp, harsh, 
 continued noise. 
 
 •Gream, n. Oily part of milk. 
 V. i. or t. To yield cream. 
 
 •Gream'y, a. Full of cream. 
 
 "Grease, n. A mark left by 
 folding. — V. t. To mark by 
 folding. [existence. 
 
 ■Gre-ate', v. t. To bring into 
 
 "Gre-a'tion, n. Act of creat- 
 ing ; universe. 
 
 •Gre-a'tive,a. Having power 
 to create. 
 
 ■Gre-a^or, n. One who gives 
 existence ; a maker ; God. 
 
 ■Great'ure, n. A being or thing 
 created. 
 
 •Gre'denQe, n. Belief ; faith. 
 
 •€re-den'tial§, n. pL That 
 which gives credit; testimo- 
 nial, [to belief. 
 
 •Gred'i-bil'i-ty, M. Just claim 
 
 ■Gred'i-ble, a. Worthy of 
 credit. [ible manner. 
 
 ■Gr6d'i-bly, adv. In a cred- 
 
 ■Gred'it, n. Belief; trust ; in- 
 fluence ; reputation ; es- 
 teem ; amount due. — v. t. 
 To believe ; to trust ; to con- 
 fide in. 
 
 ■Gred'it-a-ble, a. Reputable. 
 
 €red'it-a-bly, adv. Repu- 
 tably, [a debt is due. 
 
 ■Gred'it-or, n. One to whom 
 
 ■Gre-dii'li-ty, n. Easiness of 
 belief ; readiness to believe. 
 
 "Gred'u-lous, a. Too apt to 
 believe. [articles of faith. 
 
 ■Greed, n. Belief; summary of 
 
 •Greek, n. A small inlet, bay, 
 or river. [basket. 
 
 -Creel, n. An osier fishinsj 
 
 Creep, v. i. [imp. crept, 
 CREEPED.] To move as a 
 wo^m ; to move slowly. 
 
 Cre'ole, n. Any native of the 
 AV^est Indies or tropical 
 America, except a full blood- 
 ed Indian ; in Louisiana, a 
 person of French descent. 
 
 Cre'o-sote, n. An oily liquid 
 having the smell of smoke. 
 
 Crep'i-tate, v. i. To crackle 
 in burning. [sound. 
 
 Crep^i-ta'tion, n. A crackhug 
 
 Crept, imp. of Creep. 
 
 Cre-pus'-eu-lar. a. Pertaining 
 to, or like, twilight. 
 
 Cres'gent, a. Increasing. — 
 n. The increasing moon ; 
 Turkish standard. 
 
 Cress (2), n. A plant. 
 
 Crest, n. Plume of feathers. 
 
 Crest'ed, a. Wearing a crest. 
 
 Crest'-f alien (-fa win), a. De- 
 jected ; cowed. 
 
 Cre-ta'ceous (-shus), a. Of 
 the nature of chalk, [crack. 
 
 Crev'ice (18), n. A small 
 
 Crew (kry), n. A ship's com- 
 pany. — v., imp. of Crow. 
 
 Crew'el (kru/el),M. A ball of 
 
 yarn ; two threaded worsted, 
 drib, n. A manger ; rack ; 
 
 stall. [cards. 
 C^rib'bage, n. A game at 
 ■Crick, n. A cramp ; spasmodic 
 
 affection, as of the neck. 
 •Grick'et, n. A small insect ; 
 
 a sort of low stool ; a game. 
 •Cried, imp. & p. p. of Cry. 
 -GrI'er (13), n. One who cries. 
 "Crime, n. A violation of law. 
 
 — Syn. Sin; vice; offense. 
 ■Grim'i-nal, a. Guilty of a 
 
 crime. — n. A man guilty 
 of a crime. [g^ilt. 
 
 ■Crim'i-nal-ly, adv. With 
 
 •Crim'i-n^l'i-ty, »?. The qual- 
 ity of being criminal. 
 
 •Grim'i-nate, v. t. To charge 
 with crime ; to accuse, [tion. 
 
 ■Crim^i-na'tion, n. Accusa- 
 
 ■Crimp, a. Crumbling easily ; 
 brittle. — V. t. To catch; 
 to make crisp ; to form into 
 little ridges. 
 
 ■Grim'gon, «. A deep red 
 color. — a. Colored as crim- 
 son. — V. t. To tinge with 
 a deep red. — v. i. To blush. 
 
 Oringe, n. A low bow ; mean 
 servility. — v. i. To bow 
 with servility ; to fawn. 
 
 ■Crink'le (kriijk/l), v. To bend 
 in turns or flexures. — n. 
 One of several folds or flex- 
 ures. 
 
 •Crip'ple, n. A lame person. 
 
 — V. t. To make lame. 
 •Cri'sis (25), n. A critical time 
 
 or turn. 
 ■Crisp, V. t. To wrinkle or 
 
 curl ; to make brittle. 
 ■Crisp, I a. Brittle ; short ; 
 -Grisp'y, j wrinkled ; curled. 
 •Cri-te'ri-on, n. [pi. Cri-te'- 
 
 ri-a, 25.) A standard of 
 
 judging. [judging. 
 •Grit'i-e, n. One skilled in 
 ■Grit'i-e al, a. Relating to 
 
 criticism ; nice ; captious ; 
 
 indicating a crisis. 
 •Grit'i€-al-ly, adv. In the 
 
 manner of a critic ; exactly. 
 ■Grit'i-Qise (31), v. t. To 
 
 judge and remark upon with 
 
 exactness. — v. i. To act as 
 
 a critic. 
 
 b6ii, 6r, dg, W9lf, t(3"o, tdbk; dm, rjje, pi^ill; 9, ^, soft; -6, g, hard; ; e^ist; 0 as ng; this. 
 
CRITICISM 
 
 76 
 
 CRYSTALLIZE 
 
 •Crit'i-Qism, n. The art or 
 
 act of criticising ; critical 
 remark. [amination. 
 
 ■€ri-tique', n. Critical ex- 
 
 •€r6ak, n. Cry of a frog. — 
 V. i. To utter a rough 
 sound like a frog. 
 
 •Croak'er, n. One who croaks. 
 
 •Crock, n. A pot ; black mat- 
 ter. — V. t. To blacken. 
 
 •Crock'er-y, n. All kinds of 
 coarse earthen ware. 
 
 •ero-e'o-dile, 
 n. An am- 
 phibious an- 
 imal of the 
 lizard kind. 
 
 €r6'-eus, n. A 
 plant and its Crocodile, 
 flower. 
 
 ■Groft, n. A little field. 
 
 •€rone, n. An old Avoman. 
 
 ■Cro'ny, n. An intimate ac- 
 quaintance. 
 
 •Crdbk', w. Abend; a shep- 
 herd's staff. — V. [imp. & 
 p. p. CROOKED.] To bend. 
 
 •Crdbk'ed,;?. a. Bent; curv- 
 ing. 
 
 ■€robk'ed-ness, n. State of 
 being crooked. 
 
 -Crop, n. The harvest; the 
 stomach of a bird. — v. t. 
 To cut off ; to reap. 
 
 •€ro'sier (kro^- 
 zhur), n. A bish- 
 op's pastoral staff. 
 
 -Gross (2), n. A 
 straight body 
 crossing another ; Crosiers, 
 a gibbet ; adversity ; trial. 
 — a. Athwart; peevish. — 
 V. t. To lay athwart ; to 
 cancel ; to obstruct. [bar. 
 
 ■€r6ss'-bar, n. A transverse 
 
 ■€r6ss'-b5w, n. A bow for 
 shooting arrows. 
 
 •€r6ss-ex-3,m'me,i;. To ex- 
 amine by the opposite party. 
 
 ■€r6ss'-eyed (-id), a. Having 
 eyes looking In directions 
 that cross each other, [ing. 
 
 ■€r6ss'ing, n. Place of pass- 
 
 -Gross'ness, n. Peevishness. 
 
 Cross'-pur'pose (-pur^pus), 
 n. A contrary purpose. 
 
 ■Gross'-ques'tion (kwey/-), -y. 
 t. To cross-examine. 
 
 •GrSss'-road, ) n. A way or 
 
 ■Gr6ss'-way, j road that 
 crosses another. [a cross. 
 
 ■Gross'wise, adv. In form of 
 
 •Grotch, n. The forking of a 
 tree. [crotch. 
 
 -Grotch'ed, a. Having a 
 
 ■Grotch'et, n. A note equal 
 to half a minim ; a whim. 
 
 ■Grouch, V. i. To stoop low. 
 
 ■Group (kroop), n A disease 
 in the throat ; buttocks of 
 a quadruped. 
 
 ■Grow, n. A black fowl ; the 
 cock's voice. — v. i. [iyyip. 
 CREW or CROWED.] To 
 utter the cry of a cock. 
 
 ■Grow'bar, n. A heavy iron 
 bar, used as a lever. 
 
 ■Growd, n. A throng ; a mul- 
 titude ; a violin. — v. t. To 
 press close ; to urge. — v. i. 
 To press together. 
 
 ■Grov/'-fdbt, n. A plant. 
 
 ■Grown, n. Top of the head ; 
 a royal ornament ; a gar- 
 land ; a coin. — v. t. To 
 invest with a crown ; to dig- 
 nify ; to complete. 
 
 ■Grown'-glass, n. A fine kind 
 of window-glass. 
 
 ■Gr5w'§'-fdbt, n. Wrinkle at 
 the outer corner of the eye. 
 
 ■Gru'cial, a. Transverse; in- 
 tersecting ; severe, [torture. 
 
 ■Gru'ci-ate (kru^shi-),!-. To 
 
 ■Grii'Ql-ble, n. A chemical 
 vessel. 
 
 ■Gru'Qi-fi'er, n. One who 
 crucifies. 
 
 ■Gru'Ql-fix, n. A little cross 
 with an image of Christ on it. 
 
 •Gru^Qi-fix'ion, n. A nailing 
 to a cross. [cross. 
 
 •Gru'Qi-form, a. In form of a 
 
 •Grii'Ql-fy, v.t. To fasten and 
 put to death on a cross. 
 
 ■Grude, a. In a raw or rough 
 state ; unfinished ; unripe. 
 
 ■Grude'ly, adv. With rawness. 
 
 ■Grude'ness, a. Rawness. 
 
 ■Grii'di-ty , n. Undigested mat- 
 ter ; immaturity. [pity. 
 
 •Gru'el, a. Inhuman ; void of 
 
 •Grii'el-ly, adv. Inhumanly. 
 
 ■Grii'el-ty, n. Inhumanity. 
 
 ■Gru'et, n. A vial for sauces. 
 
 ■Griiise, v. i. To rove back 
 
 and forth on the sea. — n. 
 
 A cruising voyage. 
 ■Gruig'er, n. A person or ves- 
 sel that cruises. 
 ■Grumb (krum), n. A fragment 
 
 or piece, as of bread. — v. t. 
 
 To break into crumbs. 
 ■Grum'ble, v.t. To break into 
 
 small pieces. — v. i. To fall 
 
 to decay ; to perish. 
 ■Grum'pet, n. A kind of soft 
 
 bread -cake. 
 ■Grum'ple, v. To draw or 
 " -shrink into wrinkles. 
 ■Grup'per (kro'op/er), n. A 
 
 leather to hold a saddle 
 
 back ; buttocks of a horse. 
 
 — V. t. To put a crupper on. 
 ■Gru-sade', n. A military ex- 
 pedition to recover the Holy 
 Land ; any religious or fa- 
 natical expedition. 
 
 ■Gru-sad'er, n. One employed 
 in a crusade. [vial. 
 
 •Gruse, n. A small cup or 
 
 ■Grush, V. t. To bruise or 
 break by pressure ; to sub- 
 due ; to ruin. — n. A violent 
 collision and compression. 
 
 ■Grust, n. A hard covering. 
 
 — V. i. or t. To cover with 
 a hard case. 
 
 •Grus-ta'cean, n. A shell-fish 
 with a crust-like shell, as 
 the lobster. 
 
 ■Grus-ta'ceous, a. Having 
 jointed crust-like shells. 
 
 ■Grust'i-ly, adv. Peevishly. 
 
 ■Grust'y, a. Like crust ; snap- 
 pish ; peevish ; surly. 
 
 •Grutch, n. A staff for crip- 
 ples. — V. t. To support on 
 crutches. 
 
 •Gry, V. t. or t. To call ; to 
 exclaim ; to proclaim ; to 
 weep. — n. A bawling ; out- 
 cry ; yell ; a weeping. 
 
 •Grypt, n. A cell or vault 
 under a church. 
 
 ■Grys'tal, n. A regular solid 
 body ; fine glass ; a watch- 
 glass. 
 
 •Grys'tal, ) a. Consisting 
 ■Grys'tal-line, ) of crystal. 
 ■Grj^s/tal-li-za'tion, n. The 
 
 process of forming crystals. 
 ■Grys'tal-lize (7), v. t. or i. 
 
 To form into crystals. 
 
 , I, o, ti, y , long ; a, 6, i, 6, u, 5^1 ^^toriyxare, car, ask, whg.t ; ere, veil, tErm ; pi'que, firm ; 
 
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 
 
 77 
 
 ■€rys^tal-16g'ra ph5' , n. The 
 
 science oi' crystallization. 
 ■Cub, n. The young of many 
 
 beasts, especially of the dog. 
 •€u'ba-ture, n. The finding 
 
 the exact cubic contents of 
 
 a body. 
 •€ube, n. A reg- 
 ular solid body 
 
 ■with six equal ^ 
 
 sides ; the third 
 
 power of a root. Cube. 
 •Gu'beb, n. A small spicy 
 
 tropical berry. 
 ■€u'bi€, a. Having the form 
 
 of a cube. [cube. 
 ■Gu'bi-form, a. In form of a 
 "Gu'bit, n. The fore arm ; 
 
 measure of a man's arm 
 
 from the elbow to the wrist. 
 •Cuck'old, n. A man whose 
 
 wife is false to him. 
 •Cuck'("o, n. A bird, — so 
 
 called from its note. 
 ■Gu'€um-ber, n. A certain 
 
 garden plant. 
 ■Gud, n. A portion of food or 
 
 of tobacco chewed, [snug. 
 ■€ud'dle, t'. i. To lie close or 
 ■€ud'dy, n. A small cabin in 
 
 a lighter or boat. 
 •€ud'gel (8), n. A thick, heavy 
 
 stick. — V. t. To beat with 
 
 a stick. 
 
 •€ue (18), n. End or tail of a 
 
 thing ; a hint ; a rod used in 
 
 playing billiards. 
 -Guff (1), n, A blow ; part of 
 
 a slettve. — v. t. To strike 
 
 with the open hand. 
 •Gu'i-rass' (kwe-rus^ or kwe'- 
 
 ras), n. A breastplate. 
 ■Gu'i''ras-sier' (kwG/ras-seer'), 
 
 n. A soldier armed with a 
 
 cuirass. [the kitchen. 
 
 •Gu'li-na-ry, a. Belonging to 
 ■Gull (1), V. t. To select or 
 
 pick out. [strainer. 
 •€ul'len-der, n. A kind of 
 ■Gul'ler, n. One who culls. 
 ■GuPmi-nate, v. i. To reach 
 
 the highest point. 
 •GuPmi-na'tion, n. Highest 
 
 point of altitude. [able. 
 •Gul'pa-ble, a. Faulty ; bl:im- 
 •Giil'pa-bil'i-ty, n. Blamable- 
 
 ness ; faultiness ; guilt. 
 ■Giil'pa-bly, adv. With blame. 
 
 -Gul'prit, n. One accused or 
 convicted of crime. 
 
 ■Gul'ti-va-ble, a. Capable of 
 being cultivated. 
 
 •Guiai-vate, v.t. To till ; to 
 foster ; to raise by tilling. 
 
 ■GuFti-va'ted, p. a. Improved 
 or raised by culture. 
 
 •GuPti-va'tion , n. Improve- 
 ment by tillage, or by 
 study. 
 
 •Gul'ti-va'tor, n. One who 
 cultivates ; an 
 implement for 
 loosening the 
 surface of the _ ^ 
 ground. Cultivator. 
 
 •Gult'iire, n. Act of cultivat- 
 ing. — V. t. To cultivate. 
 
 ■Gul'vert,n. An arched drain. 
 
 ■Gum'ber, v. i. To clog ; to 
 burden. [some. 
 
 -Giim'ber-some, a. Burden- 
 
 ■GCim'brous, a. Troublesome ; 
 embarrassing ; oppressive. 
 
 ■Gum'in, v. A plant having 
 aromatic seeds. 
 
 ■Gu'mu-late, v.t. To heap up. 
 
 •Gu^mu-la'tion, m Act of 
 heaping together. 
 
 ■Gu'mu-la-tive, a. Augment- 
 ing by addition. [shaped. 
 
 •Gu-ne'i-forra, a. Wedge- 
 
 •Gun'ning, a. Artful ; crafty ; 
 sly. — n. Art ; skill ; craft. 
 
 ■Gup, n. A small drinking ves- 
 sel. — v.t. To bleed by scari- 
 fication, [closet for cups. 
 
 ■Gup'board (kflb-'urd), n. A 
 
 •Cu'pel, n. A little cup. 
 
 •Gu'pel-la'tion, n. The pro- 
 cess of refining metals. 
 
 •Gu-pid'i-ty, n. Inordinate de- 
 sire, particularly of wealth. 
 
 -Gu'po-la (18), n. A dome; an 
 arched roof. [bleeding. 
 
 ■Giip'ping, n. A mode of 
 
 ■Giir, n. A dog; a snappish 
 fellow. [ing cured. 
 
 ■Giir'a-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 
 ■Gu^ra-goa' (-so''), n. A cordial 
 flavored with orange peel 
 and spices. [rate. 
 
 ■Gu'ra-gy, n. Office of a cu- 
 
 ■Gu'rate, n. An assistant to a 
 rector or vicar. [cure. 
 
 •Gii'ra-tive, a. Tending to 
 
 ■Gu-ra'tor, n. A guardian. 
 
 CURTAIN 
 
 •G^irb, V. t. To keep in sub- 
 jection. — Syn. To check ; 
 bridle; control. — n. Part 
 of a bridle ; box round a 
 well ; restraint. 
 
 ■Gurd, n. Coagulated milk. 
 
 -Gur'dle, v. To coagulate. 
 
 ■Gure, n. Remedy ; a healing. 
 
 — v.t. To restore to health ; 
 to salt and dry. 
 
 -Gur'few, n. An evening bell. 
 •Gu^ri-os'i-ty, n. Great in- 
 
 quisitiveness ; a rarity ; a 
 
 sight. 
 
 ■Gu'ri-ous, a. Inquisitive ; 
 nice ; singular. 
 
 •Gurl, n. A ringlet of hair. — 
 V. To form into ringlets. 
 
 ■Gur'lew^. n. An aquatic wad- 
 ing bird. [curly. 
 
 ■Gurl'i-ness, n. State of being 
 
 ■Gurl'y, a. Having curls. 
 
 ■Gur-mud'geon (-jun), n. A 
 miser ; a churl. 
 
 ■Gur'rant, n. A shrub and its 
 fruit. 
 
 "Gur'ren-Qy, n. Circulation ; 
 money ; paper passing fof 
 money. 
 
 •Gur'rent, a. Circulating ; 
 common ; generally re- 
 ceived ; now passing. — n. 
 A stream ; general course. 
 
 ■Gur'rent-ly, adv. With gen- 
 eral reception ; fashionably. 
 
 ■Gur'ri-cle, w. A chaise of 
 two wheels for two horses. 
 
 ■Giir'ri-er, n. A dresser of 
 tanned leather. 
 
 ■Gur'rish, a. Like a cross dog. 
 
 Gur'ry, v.t. Ho rub and clean. 
 
 Gur'ry-€6inb (-kom), n. A 
 comb to clean horses. 
 
 ■Giirse, v.t. To wish evil to. 
 
 — V. i. To use oaths. — n. 
 A wish of evil ; execration. 
 
 •Gurs'ed, a. Deserving a 
 curse ; vexatious ; hateful. 
 
 •Gur'sive, a. Running; flow- 
 ing : hasty. [ily. 
 
 ■Cur'so-ri-ly (13), a^/t'. Ilast- 
 
 •Gur'so-ry, a. Hasty ; hur- 
 ried ; slight. 
 
 •Gur-tail', v. t. To cut short ; 
 to abridge ; to cut off. 
 
 -Gur'tain, n. A hanging cloth 
 for a bed or window. — v, t. 
 To furnish with curtains. 
 
 B6n, 6r, dp, W9lf, tcTo, tdbk ; <lrn, rije, p\ill ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
CURYATION 
 
 78 
 
 DAISY 
 
 •Gur-va'tion, n. Act of curv- 
 ing or bending. 
 
 ■Gurv'a-ture, n. A curve. 
 
 ■Curve, a. Bending ; intiected. 
 — 71. Any thing 
 bent. — V. t. To ^ ^ 
 intiect ; to bend. 
 
 ■eur'vet, n. A Curve, 
 particular leap of a horse. 
 
 •€urv/i-lin'e-al, ) «. Having 
 
 •Gurv/i-lin'e-ar, j a curve 
 line. [curvature. 
 
 -Curv'i-ty, n. A bent state ; 
 
 ■€ush'ioii (kobsh^un), n. A 
 pillow for a seat. — v. t. To 
 furnish with cushions. 
 
 ■€usp, n. Vomt of the new 
 moon ; projecting point in 
 arches, &c. 
 
 •Gusp'i-date, ) a. Ending 
 
 •Gusp'i-da^ted, j in a point. 
 
 •€u.s'tard, n. A composition 
 of milk, eggs, sugar, &c. 
 
 •€us-to'di-an, n. One who 
 has the care of a public 
 building. 
 
 •€us'to-dy, n. A keeping or 
 guarding ; imprisonment. 
 
 ■Gus'tom, n. Habitual prac- 
 tice ; {pi.) duties on im- 
 ported or exported goods. 
 
 •eus'tom-a-ri-ly, adv. Habit- 
 ually. 
 
 •€us'tom-a-ry, a. Conform- 
 able to custom ; conven- 
 tional. 
 
 •Cus'tom-er, n. An accus- 
 tomed buyer ; a purchaser. 
 
 ■Cus'tom-house, n. Place 
 where customs or duties are 
 paid. 
 
 •Cut, V. t. or i. [imp. & p. p. 
 CUT.] To make an incision 
 in ; to divide ; to hew ; to 
 carve ; to chop. — n. A 
 cleft or gash ; a slice. 
 •Cu-ta'ne-ous, a. Relating to 
 the skin. [of the body. 
 
 •Cu'ti-cle, 71. Outermost skin 
 ■Cu-ti-e'u-lar, a. Pertaining 
 to the cuticle. [sword. 
 -Cut'lass, n. A broad curving 
 •Cut'ler, 71. A maker of knives, 
 and the like. [by cutlers. 
 ■Cut'ler-y, n. Articles made 
 ■Gut 'let, n. A small piece of 
 
 meat for broiling. 
 •Cut 'purse, n. One who cwts 
 purses to steal their con- 
 tents. 
 
 ■Cut'ter, n. A swift sailing 
 vessel. 
 
 •Cut'-throat, n. A murder- 
 er ; an assassin. 
 
 •Cut'ting, a. Severe ; pun- 
 gent. — n. A piece cut off. 
 
 ■Gut'tle-fish, n. A mollus- 
 cous animal. 
 
 ■Cut'-wa^ter, n. Fore part of 
 a ship's prow. 
 
 Qy'-ele, n. A circle or orbit ; 
 a round of time. 
 
 Qy€'li-e, I a. Pertaining to 
 
 Qy-e'li€-al, ) a cycle. 
 
 Qy^-elo-pe'an, ) a. Vast ; mas- 
 
 Qy-€l6p'i€, j sive. 
 
 gj^^-elo-pse'di-a I (18), n. A 
 
 5y/-eio-pe'di-a ) body or 
 circle of sciences. 
 
 T|yg'net,n. Ayoung 
 swan. 
 
 QyPin-der, n. A i 
 long circular body | 
 of uniform diame- 
 ter. 
 
 Qy-lin'dri-e-al, a. , 
 Of the nature of a 
 cylinder. Cyhnder. 
 
 Qym'bal, n. An instrument 
 of music. 
 
 Qyn'i-e, ) a. Surly ; ^ 
 
 Qyn'i-c-al, ) snarl- ^ 
 ing; satirical. 
 
 Qyn'i-e, n. A morose 
 man. Cymbals. 
 
 Qyn'o-sure, or Qy 'no-sure 
 (-shijrjj n. The star nearest 
 the north pole ; a center of 
 attraction. 
 
 Qy 'press, n. An evergreen 
 tree, anciently used at funer- 
 als and to adorn tombs, and 
 hence an emblem of mourn- 
 ing. 
 
 Qyst, 71. A bag in animal 
 bodies inclosing matter. 
 
 Qzar (zar), n. A king ; a 
 chief ; the emperor of Rus^ 
 sia. 
 
 Qza-ri'na (za-ree'na), n. The 
 
 empress of Russia. 
 QzHr'O-witz (zar/o-wits), n. 
 
 Eldest son of the Czar of 
 
 Russia. 
 
 DAB, v. t. To hit gently 
 with the hand or with 
 something soft or moist. — 
 n. A blow with something 
 soft. 
 
 Dab'ble, v. i. To play in 
 water. 
 
 Dab'bler, n. One who dab- 
 bles. 
 
 Dab'ster, n. An adept. 
 DaQe, 71. A small river fish. 
 Da-e'tyl, n. A poetical foot 
 
 of one long and two short 
 
 syllables. 
 Dad, ) n. A child's term 
 Dad'dy, ) for father. 
 Daf'fo-dil, n. A plant with 
 
 yellow flowers. 
 Dag'ger, n. A short sword ; 
 
 a reference mark [t]._ 
 Da-guerre'o-type (-ger^o-), 
 
 71. A photographic picture 
 
 on a plate of silvered copper. 
 Dahl'ia (daFyi or d:\Vy -k), n. 
 
 A plant bearing beautiful 
 flowers. 
 
 Dai'ly (14), a. Being every 
 day. — a(Jv. Every day. 
 
 Dain'ti-ly (13), adv. Nicely ; 
 delicately. 
 
 Dain'ty, a. Nice ; fastidious ; 
 delicious. — 7i. A nice bit. 
 
 Dai'ry, n. The place where 
 milk is kept, and made into 
 butter or cheese. [plant. 
 
 Dai'gy, n. A well-known 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long; a, e, !, 5, ti, y, sJiort ; care, car, 5.sk, gU, wh.^.t ; ere, vsil, t5rm ; piquw, firm ; 
 
DALE 
 
 79 
 
 DEAN 
 
 Dale, n. A low place between 
 hills. 
 
 Darii-ange (13), n. Act of ■ 
 fondness ; mutual embra^ 
 
 Dai'iy, V. i. To delay ; to 
 linger ; to tritie or sport 
 to fondle. 
 
 Dam, n. The mother of 
 brutes ; a bank to confine 
 water. — v. t. To confine 
 or shut in by dams. 
 
 Dam'age, n. Injury ; hurt. 
 
 — V. t. To injure ; to hurt. 
 Dam'ask, n. A silk woven 
 
 with flowers. — v. t. To 
 decorate with ornamental 
 figures, as silk, steel, &c. 
 Dam'ask-een', v. t. To dam- 
 ask. 
 
 Dame, n. A lady ; a matron. 
 D^mn (dam), v. t. To con- 
 demn. 
 
 Dam'na-ble, a. Deserving 
 
 damnation ; odious. 
 Dam'na-bly, adv. So as to 
 
 incur or deserve damnation. 
 Dam-na'tion, n. Sentence to 
 
 everlasting punishment. 
 Dam'na-to-ry, a. Tending to 
 
 condemn ; condemnatory. 
 D&mp, a. Moist ; humid ; 
 
 watery. — n. Moist air ; fog. 
 
 — V. t. To wet; to dispirit. 
 D&mp'er, n. A valve to stop 
 
 air ; that which damps. 
 
 Damp'ness, n. Humidity. 
 
 Dam'gel, w. A young maiden. 
 
 Dam'gon (dam^zn), n. A 
 small black plum. 
 
 Dange, v. i. To move to 
 music with varied motions 
 of the feet. — n. A moving 
 to the sound of music. 
 
 Dan'ger, n. One who dances. 
 
 Dan'dle, v. t. To shake on the 
 knee ; to fondle. [head. 
 
 Dan'druff , n. Scurf on the 
 
 Dan'dy, n. A fop ; a coxcomb. 
 
 Dan'dy-ism, n. Manners and 
 character of a dandy. 
 
 Dan'ger, n. Exposure to in- 
 jury ; peril. 
 
 Dan'ger-ous, a. Full of dan- 
 ger, [danger. 
 
 Dan'ger-ous-ly, adv. With 
 . Dan'gle,!?. i. To hang loose. 
 
 Dank, a. Moist ; damp. 
 
 Dap'per, a. Little and active. 
 
 D3,p'ple, a. Of various colors. 
 
 Dap'pled, a. Spotted. 
 
 Dare, v. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 DURST.] To have courage ; 
 to venture. — v. t. To chal- 
 lenge ; to defy ; to venture. 
 
 Dar'ing, a. Having great 
 courage ; fearless ; brave. 
 
 Diirk, a. Wanting light ; ob- 
 scure ; opaque. — n. Dark- 
 ness ; gloom. 
 
 Dark'en, -y. t. To make dark. 
 
 — V. i. To grow dark. 
 Dark'ish, a. Kather dark ; 
 
 dusky. [blindly. 
 Dark'ly, adv. Obscurely ; 
 Dark'ness, n. Want of light ; 
 
 gloom ; obscurity. 
 Dark's6me, a. Gloomy ; dim. 
 Dar'ling, a. Dearly beloved. 
 
 — n. One much loved. 
 Darn, v. t. To mend holes 
 
 in by sewing. 
 
 Dar'nel, n. A kind of grass. 
 
 Dart, n. A pointed missile 
 weapon. — v. t. To throw ; 
 to hurl ; to emit. — v. i. To 
 fly as a dart. 
 
 Dash, V. t. To throw violent- 
 ly. — V. i. To rush or strike 
 violently. — n. Collision ; 
 sudden onset ; a mark [ — ] 
 used in writing and printing. 
 
 Das'tard, n. One who mean- 
 ly shrinks from danger. — 
 Syn. Coward ; poltroon. 
 
 D3,s'tard-ly, a. Meanly timid. 
 
 Da'ta, n. pi. Propositions 
 given and admitted ; prem- 
 ises. 
 
 Date, n. The time 
 of an event ; the 
 fruit of a palm- 
 tree. — V. t. To 
 note the time of. 
 
 Da'tive, n. The 
 
 third of the Greek Date-tree, 
 and Latin cases. 
 
 Daub (8), V. t. To smear ; to 
 paint coarsely. 
 
 Daub'er, n. One who daubs. 
 
 Daiib'y, a. Sticky ; rojjy ; 
 glutinous ; viscous. 
 
 Daugh'ter (daw'ter), n. A 
 female child. 
 
 Daunt, V. t. To check by fear 
 of danger. — Syn. To intim- 
 idate ; dishearten ; dismay. 
 
 Davits. 
 
 Daunt'less, a. Fearless ; in- 
 trepid ; bold. 
 Dau'phin, n. Eldest son of 
 
 the king of France. 
 Dav'it, orDa'vit, 
 
 71. Projecting 
 
 pieces of iron in 
 
 a ship to suspends 
 
 a boat from. 
 Daw'dle,t'.t. To 
 
 waste time by 
 
 trifling. 
 Dawn ,v.i. To begin to grow 
 
 light. — n. Break of day; 
 
 beginning ; first rise. 
 Day, n. Time from sunrise to 
 
 sunset ; the 24: hours. 
 Day'-bdbk, n. A journal of 
 
 accounts. [anceof day. 
 Day'-break, n. First appear- 
 Day 'light (-lit), n. Light of 
 
 day. 
 
 Day '-spring, n. The dawn. 
 Daze, V. t. To dazzle ; to be- 
 wilder. 
 
 D^z'zle, V. t. To overpower 
 with light or splendor. 
 
 Dea'€on (de^kn), n. A sub- 
 ordinate church officer. 
 
 Dea'-eon-ship, n. Office of a 
 deacon. 
 
 Dead, a. Destitute of life ; 
 
 lifeless ; dull ; still, — n. 
 
 Stillness ; gloom ; silence. 
 Dead'en (ded'n), v. t. To 
 
 make dead or spiritless. 
 Dead'-light (-lit), n. A 
 
 strong shutter for a cabin 
 
 window, with a glass in it. 
 Dead'ly, a. Fatal ; mortal. 
 Dead'ness, n. Want of hfe. 
 Deaf (or dcef), a. AVantinJ 
 
 the sense of hearing. 
 Deafen (or defn), v. t. To 
 
 make deaf. 
 Deaf-mute (or dcFmut),- n. 
 
 One both deaf and dumb. 
 Deafness (or def-), n. Want; 
 
 of the ability to hear. 
 Deal, n. A part ; quantity ; 
 
 distribution ; a pine or fir 
 
 board or plank. — v. t. [imp. 
 
 & p. p. DEALT.] To dis- 
 tribute ; to divide. — v. i. To 
 
 traffic ; to trade. 
 Dean, n. An ecclesiastical 
 
 dignitary subordinate to a 
 
 bishop. 
 
 son, or, d.Q, WQlf, too, tot>k ; flrn, rije, pi;ll ; 5, ^, soft ; g, hard ; ; e^ist ; ^ as ng ; this. 
 
DEANERY 
 
 80 
 
 DECOROUSLY 
 
 Dean'er-y, n. Office of a 
 dean. 
 
 Bear, a. Beloved ; costly ; 
 of high value ; precious. — 
 n. A person beloved. 
 
 Dear'ly, ac/'y. At a high price. 
 
 Dear'ness, n. HigLi price ; 
 fondness. 
 
 Dearth, n. Great rcarcity. 
 
 Death, n. Extinction of life. 
 
 Death'-bed, n. Led of a dy- 
 ing person. 
 
 Death'less, a. Immortal. 
 
 Deatlj'-war/rant, n. A war- 
 rant for an execution. 
 
 De-bar' (7), ^^ To hinder ; 
 to exclude. [to land. 
 
 De-bark', v. t. To disembark ; 
 
 De-base', v. t. To degrade ; 
 to lower ; to adulterate ; to 
 vitiate. [tion. 
 
 De-base'ment, n. Degrada- 
 
 De-bat'a-ble, a. Disputable. 
 
 De-bate', v. To dispute ; to 
 discuss; to controvert. — n. 
 Dispute ; pubhc discussion. 
 
 De-bauch', n. Excess in eat- 
 ing and drinking ; intem- 
 perance. — V. t. To corrupt. 
 
 Deb^au-Qhee' (-o-shee''), n. A 
 drunkard ; a rake. 
 
 De-bauch'er-y, n. Intemper- 
 ance ; lewdness. 
 
 De-bent'iire, n. A certificate 
 of a drawback, bonds, &c., 
 for money loans. [en, 
 
 De-bil'i-tate, v. t. To weak- 
 
 De-bil'i-ty, w. Weakness. 
 
 Deb'it, n. The debtor side of 
 an account-book. — v. t. To 
 charge with debt. 
 
 Deb^o-nair', a. Courteous ; 
 affable. 
 
 De-bouQh' (-bcToshO v. ?'. To 
 issue or march out, as 
 troops. 
 
 De-bris' (da-bree'), n. Ruins ; 
 
 fi ignients of rocks. 
 Debt (det), n. What is due. 
 Debt'or (det^or), n. One who 
 
 owes. 
 
 Debut (du-bu'' or da-bijO, n- 
 A first appearance. [ten. 
 De€'ade, n. The number of 
 De-ea'denge, I n. State of 
 De-ca'den-gy, ) decay. 
 De-e'a-gon, n. A figure often 
 sides and ten angles. 
 
 De€'a-16gue (-log), n. The 
 ten commandments. 
 
 De-eamp', v. i. To depart 
 from a camp ; to march oif. 
 
 De-€ant'^ v. t. To pour out. 
 
 De^-can-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 decanting. [for liquor. 
 
 De-eant'er, n. A glass vessel 
 
 De-€ap'i-tate, r. t. To be- 
 head, [beheading. 
 
 De-€ap^i-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 De-eay', n. Gradual fiiilure ; 
 decline. — v. i. To decline. 
 
 De-gease', n. Departure from 
 life; death. — i. To de- 
 part from life ; to die. 
 
 De-geased' (-seestO, a- De- 
 parted from life ; dead. 
 
 De-geit', n. Device intend- 
 ed to deceive. — Syn. Du- 
 plicity ; artifice ; fraud. 
 
 De-geit'ful, a. Full of guile. 
 
 De-geit'ful-ly, adv. In a de- 
 ceitful manner. 
 
 De-geive', v. t. To lead into 
 error ; to impose upon. 
 
 De-gem'ber, n. The twelfth 
 or last month of the year. 
 
 De'gen-gy, n. Fitness ; pro- 
 priety ; modesty. 
 
 De-gen'ni-al, a. Continuing 
 ten years ; happening every 
 ten years. 
 
 De'gent, a. Suitable or be- 
 coming ; seemly ; fit. [erly. 
 
 De'gent-ly, adv. Fitly ; prop- 
 
 De-gep'tion, n. Act of de- 
 ceiving ; cheat ; fraud. 
 
 De-gep'tive, a. Tending to 
 deceive ; deceitful ; false. 
 
 De-gide', v. t. or i. To deter- 
 mine ; to finish ; to settle. 
 
 De-gid'ed, a. Determined ; 
 clear. [termination. 
 
 De-gld'ed-ly, adv. With de- 
 
 De-gld'u-ous, a. Falling off 
 every season ; not perennial. 
 
 Deg'i-mal, a. Proceeding by 
 tens. — n. A fraction or 
 other number expressed in 
 the scale of tens. 
 
 Deg'i-mate, v. t. To take one 
 in every ton. 
 
 Deg/i-ma'tion, n. The taking 
 of every tenth, [to unravel. 
 
 De-gi'pher, v. t. To explain; 
 
 De-gi§'ion (-sizh^un), n. De- 
 termination ; firmness. 
 
 De-gi'sive, a. Final ; conclu- 
 sive, [sively. 
 e-gi'sive-ly, adv. Conclu- 
 eck, V. t. To dress ; to 
 adorn ; to set off or embel- 
 lish. _ — n. Floor of a ship. 
 De-€laim' (8), r. ?. To speak 
 
 an oration ; to harangue. 
 De-€laim'er, n. One who de. 
 claims. 
 
 De-e'la-ma'tion, n. A set 
 speech or harangue. 
 
 De-elam'a-to-ry, a. In the 
 style of declamation. 
 
 De€''la-ra'tion, n. Affirma- 
 tion ; assertion. 
 
 De-elar'a-tive, ) a. Making 
 
 De-€lar'a-to-ry, j declara- 
 tion. 
 
 De-€lare', v.t.ovi. To make 
 
 known publicly ; to affirm. 
 De-clen'sion, n. Tendency 
 
 to fail ; variation of nouns. 
 De-elin'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being gmiTiuni^itically varied. 
 De€^li-na'tion, n. Act of 
 
 declining ; descent. 
 De-elme', V. i. To bend over; 
 
 to fail ; to decay. — v. t. To 
 
 bend downward ; to shun ; 
 
 to refuse ; to inflect. — n. 
 
 Decay ; diminution. 
 De-€liv'i-ty, n. Inclination 
 
 downward ; gradual descent. 
 De-€6€t', V. t. To boil ; to 
 
 digest. 
 
 De-€6€'tion, n. A boiling ; 
 preparation made by boil- 
 ing. 
 
 De-eoPor-a'tion, n. Removal 
 or absence of color. 
 
 De/^om-poge', v. t. To re- 
 solve into original elements. 
 
 De-€6m/po-§i'tion (-zlsh''- 
 un), n. Resolution or sepa- 
 ration into parts. 
 
 De^oom-pound', v, t. To 
 compound a second time. 
 
 Dee'o-rate, V. To adorn; 
 to embellish ; to ornament. 
 
 De-e'o-ra'tion, n. Embellish- 
 ment, [adorn. 
 
 De€'o-ra-tive, a. Fitted to 
 
 De-eo'rous, or D6€'o-rous, 
 a. Becoming ; behaving 
 with decorum. 
 
 De-€6'rous-ly, or DSe'o- 
 rous-ly, adv. Becomingly. 
 
 S,e,i, 6, u,y,/ong'; 5, e, t, 
 
 5^, short ; cure, car, ask, jill, wh^t ; ere, yell, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
DECORTICATE 
 
 81 
 
 DEFY 
 
 De-€6r'ti-cate, v. t. To strip 
 off bark ; to peel. 
 
 De-«o'rum, n. Propriety of 
 speech and behavior. 
 
 De-eoy', v. t. To allure into 
 a snare or net. — n. Allure- 
 ment to mischief ; tempta- 
 tion ; snare. 
 
 De-crease', v. t. .To make 
 less. — V. i. To grow less. — 
 n. A becoming less ; decay. 
 
 De-eree' (8), v. t. To deter- 
 mine ; to ordain. — n. An 
 edict ; order. 
 
 De€'re-inent, n. Decrease. 
 
 De-erSp'it, a. Infirm ; wast- 
 ed ; worn with age. 
 
 De-erep'i-tate. v. To roast so 
 as to cause crackling. 
 
 De-cr6p'i-ta'ticn, n. Act of 
 roasting with a crackling. 
 
 De-er6p'i-tude, n. Broken 
 state of the body by age. 
 
 De-cre'tal, a. Pertaining to 
 a decree. — n. A letter of the 
 pope ; a book of edicts. 
 
 De-erPal (13), n. A crying 
 down ; a clamorous censure. 
 
 De-eri'er, n. One who decries. 
 
 De-cry', v.t. To cry down. 
 
 De-€um'bent, a. Lying 
 
 De-e'u-ple, a. Tenfold, [down. 
 
 De-cu'ri-on, n. An oflBicer 
 over ten men. 
 
 De-eus'sate, r. t. To cross 
 at an acute angle. 
 
 Ded'i-<jate, v. t. To conse- 
 crate ; to devote. [tion. 
 
 Ded^i-^a'tion, n. Consecra- 
 
 Dgd'i-ca^or, n. One who 
 dedicates. 
 
 Ded'i-ea-to-ry, a. Compris- 
 ing a dedication. 
 
 De-duge', v.t. To draw, as 
 an inference ; to infer. 
 
 De-du'gi-ble, a. Capable of 
 being inferred or deduced. 
 
 De-du'give, ) a. Performing 
 
 De-du€t'ive, j the act of 
 deduction. 
 
 De-du€t', V. t. To take away. 
 
 De-d€i€aion, n. An abate- 
 ment ; that which is de- 
 ducted ; an inference. 
 
 Deed, n. An action ; ex- 
 ploit ; a sealed writing to 
 convey property. — v.t. To 
 transfer by deed. 
 
 Deem, v. t. To think ; to 
 
 judge ; to suppose. 
 Deep, a. Far to the bottom ; 
 
 profound ; artful ; intricate. 
 
 — n. The sea ; an abyss. 
 Deep'en, v. To make or 
 
 grow more deep. [gree. 
 Deep'ly, adv. To a low de- 
 Deer, n. An J. ^ 
 
 animal hunt- ^ 
 
 ed for veni- 
 
 De-fage', v. t. 
 To disfigure ; j^^BL. 
 
 De-fage'ment, 
 (10), n. Injury Deer, 
 to the surface ; rasure. 
 
 De/fal-€a'tion, n. That which 
 is cut ojf ; diminution. 
 
 Def'a-ma'tion, n. Slander; 
 calumny ; detraction, [ous. 
 
 De-fam'a-to-ry, a. Slander- 
 
 De-fame', v. t. To slander. 
 
 De-fault', n. Omission ; non- 
 appearance in court. — v. t. 
 To call in court, and record 
 for not appearing. 
 
 De-fault'er, n. One guilty of 
 default ; a peculator. 
 
 De-fea'sange, n. Act of an- 
 nulling. 
 
 De-fea'§i-ble , a. Capable of 
 being annulled. 
 
 De-feat', n. An overthrow ; 
 rout. — v.t. To overthrow ; 
 to rout ; to frustrate. 
 
 Def'e-eate, v. t. To purify. 
 
 Def''e-ea'tion, n. Act of pu- 
 rifying liquors. 
 
 De-fe-et', n. AYant or de- 
 ficiency ; fault; blemish. 
 
 De-fe-e'tion, n. A falling 
 awaj' ; apostasy. 
 
 3>e-fe-et'ive, a. Full of de- 
 fects; imperfect. [defect. 
 
 De-fe-et'ive-ly, adv. With 
 
 De-fenge',n. Protection from 
 injury. See Defense. 
 
 De-fend', v. To guard from 
 injury ; to protect. 
 
 De-fend'ant, n. One who 
 makes defense, or opposes a 
 complaint. [fends. 
 
 De-fend'er, n. One who de- 
 
 De-fense' (27),7r. Protection 
 from injury ; vindication. 
 
 De-fense'less, a. Unarmed. 
 
 Dc-fen'sive, a. Serving to 
 defend. — n. Safeguard ; 
 state of defense. 
 
 De-fer', v. t. To put off; to 
 delay —v.i. To wait ; to 
 yield out of respect. 
 
 Def'er-enge, n. Respect to 
 another. [deference. 
 
 Def'er-6n'tial, a. Expressing 
 
 De-fi'ange, n. Act of defy- 
 ing ; a challenge to fight. 
 
 De-fl'ant, a. Bold : insolent. 
 
 De-fi'cien-gy (-fish/en-), n. 
 Defect ; want ; imperfection. 
 
 De-fi'cient (-fish/ent), a. 
 Wanting; imperfect. 
 
 D6f'i-git, n. Deficiency. 
 
 De-fne' or De'file, n. A nar- 
 row passage between hills. 
 
 De-file', r. t. To pollute. — 
 v. i. To go off file by file. 
 
 De-file'ment, n. Pollution. 
 
 Dc-fin'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being defined. 
 
 De-fine', v. t. To limit ; to 
 explain ; to interpret. 
 
 D6f'i-nite, a. Having precise 
 limits. 
 
 Def'i-nite-ly , adv. With cer- 
 tain limitation. 
 
 D6f^i-ni'tion (-nish'un), n. 
 Explanation in words. 
 
 De-fin'i-tive, a. Determi- 
 nate ; final ; conclusive. — 
 n. That which ascertains or 
 defines. [tively. 
 
 De-fm'i-tive-ly, adv. Posi- 
 
 Def 'la-grate, v. t. To burn 
 suddenly. 
 
 D6faa-gr'a'tion, n. A rapid 
 and sparkhng combustion. 
 
 De-fle€t', V. i. or t. To turn 
 aside. [deviation. 
 
 De-fle€'tion, n. A turning: 
 
 De-fiour', v. t. To ravish ; to 
 seduce. [leaf. 
 
 De-f o^li-a'tion, n. Fall of the 
 
 De-form', v. t. To mar ; to 
 disfigure. 
 
 De-formed', a. Ugly. 
 
 De-form'i-ty, n. Want of 
 beauty or symmetry. 
 
 De-fraud', v. t. To cheat. 
 
 De-fray', v. t. To bear or pay. 
 
 De-fun€t', a. Deceased ; dead. 
 — n. A dead person. 
 
 De-fy', V. t. To dare ; to chal- 
 lenge ; to set at naught. . 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, tcTo, to^ok ; Urn, rye, pi.ill ; 9, soft ; g, hard ; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
DEGENERACY 
 
 82 
 
 DEMURRAGE 
 
 De-g§n'er-a-Qy, n. Decline 
 in good qualities ; meanness. 
 
 De-gen'er-ate, a. Having 
 declined in worth ; base. 
 
 De-gen'er-ate, v. i. To de- 
 cline ; to deteriorate. 
 
 De-g6n/er-a'tion, n. A grow- 
 ing worse ; deterioration. 
 
 Deg/lu-ti'tion (-tlsh/un), n. 
 Act or power of swallowing. 
 
 Deg'ra-da'tion, n. A depriv- 
 ing of rank ; degeneracy. 
 
 De-grade', v- t. To deprive 
 of rank or title ; to lower. 
 
 De-gree'(18), n. A step ; ex- 
 tent ; 360th part of a circle. 
 
 De/i-fi-ea'tion, n. The act 
 of enrolling among deities. 
 
 De'i-fy, t*. t- To exalt to the 
 rank of deity. 
 
 Deign (dan), v. i. To con- 
 descend. — v.t. To grant. 
 
 De'ipm, n. A denial of reve- 
 lation. 
 
 De'ist, n. One who believes 
 in a God, but not in revealed 
 religion. 
 
 De-ist'i-e, \ a. Pertaining 
 
 De-ist'i€-al, ( to deism. 
 
 De'i-ty, n. Divinity ; God. 
 
 De-je€t', V. t. To cast down; 
 to dispirit ; to discourage. 
 
 De-je€t'ed, a. Cast down. 
 
 De-je€'tion, n. Melancholy. 
 
 De-lay', v. t. To put off; to 
 detain. — v. i. To move 
 slowly ; to linger. — n. Hin- 
 drance ; detention ; a stay, 
 
 De-16€t'a-ble, a. Delightful. 
 
 D61'e-gate, v. i. To send as 
 representative ; to intrust. 
 
 Del'e-gate, n. A deputy ; a 
 representative. 
 
 D6Pe-ga'tion, n. A sending 
 away ; persons delegated. 
 
 DePe-tS'ri-ous, a. Destruc- 
 tive ; highly injurious. 
 
 D61f, n. Earthen ware glazed. 
 
 De-lib'er-ate, tJ. To weigh in 
 the mind ; to reflect or con- 
 sider. 
 
 De-lib'er-ate, a. Circum- 
 spect ; slow. [ly. 
 
 De-lib'er-ate-ly, adv. Slow- 
 
 De-lib^er-a'tion, n. Act of 
 weighing in the mind ; slow- 
 ness, [deliberate. 
 
 De-lib'er-a-tive, a. Apt to 
 
 D61'i-ca-Qy, n. Refinement 
 of sensibility or taste ; some- 
 thing delicate. — SYN. Fine- 
 ness ; nicety ; softness. 
 
 Del'i-€ate, a. Nice ; pleasing 
 to the taste ; effeminate. 
 
 De-li'cious (-ITsh/us), a. 
 Sweet to the palate or other 
 sense. 
 
 De-light' (-lit/-), n. Great joy 
 or pleasure. — v.t. To give 
 great pleasure to. — v. i. To 
 have or take great pleasure. 
 
 De-light'ed (-liV-), a. Great- 
 ly pleased. [pleasant. 
 
 De-light'ful (-lit/-), a. Very 
 
 De-Hn'e-ate, v. t. To draw 
 the outline of ; to sketch. 
 
 De-lin^e-a'tion, n. A drawing 
 in outline. [delineates. 
 
 De-lin'e-a''tor, n. One who 
 
 De-lin'quen-gy (-liiik^wen-), 
 71. Failure of duty ; fault. 
 
 De-lin'quent, a. Failing in 
 duty. — n. One who fails 
 to do his duty. [air. 
 
 D61^i-quesQe', v. i. To melt in 
 
 DePi-ques'genge, n. A melt- 
 ing in the air. 
 
 DePi-ques'gent, a. Liquefy- 
 ing in the air. 
 
 De-lir'i-oiis, a. Wandering 
 in mind. [ment. 
 
 De-lir'i-um, n. Derange- 
 
 De-liv'er, v. t. To free ; to 
 release ; to utter. 
 
 De-liv'er-ange, n. Act of 
 freeing ; rescue, [delivers. 
 
 De-liv'er-er, n. One who 
 
 De-liv'er-y, n. Release ; sur- 
 render ; style of utterance. 
 
 Dell, n. A little valley. 
 
 De-lude', v. t. To deceive. 
 
 DSl'uge, n. A general inun- 
 dation ; a flood. — v. t. To 
 overflow ; to drown, [ing. 
 
 De-lii'§ion, n. Act of delud- 
 
 De-lu'sive, a. Tending to 
 delude ; deceptive. 
 
 D61ve, v.t. To dig ; to pene- 
 trate, [politician. 
 
 Dgm'a-g6gue, n. An artful 
 
 De-main', I n. A 
 
 De-mesne' (-menO, ) manor- 
 house and land. 
 
 De-mand', v. t. To claim ; 
 to ask. — n. A claim by 
 right ; -a question. 
 
 De-mand'ant, n. The plain- 
 tiff. 
 
 De'mar-ca'tion, \ n. Divis- 
 
 De^mar-ka'tion, ) ion of 
 territory ; boundary. 
 
 De-mean', v. t. To behave. 
 
 De-mean'or, n. Manner of 
 behaving ; deportment. 
 
 De-ment'ed, a. Imbecile in 
 mind ; infatuated ; mad. 
 
 De-mer'it, n. Ill desert. 
 
 Dem'i-g6d, n. A deified hero. 
 
 Dem'i-j6hn, n. A glass bot- 
 tle in a wicker cover. 
 
 De-mi§e', n. Death of a 
 distinguished personage. ^ 
 v.t. To bequeath by will. 
 
 De-m6€'ra-gy, n. Govern- 
 ment by the people. 
 
 Dem'o-er&t, n. An adherent 
 to democracy. 
 
 Dem^o-ijrat'i^, a. Relating 
 to democracy ; republican , 
 
 De-m61'ish, v. t. To destroy. 
 
 D6m/o-li'tion (-Hsh/un), n. 
 Destruction. 
 
 De'mon, n. An evil spirit. 
 
 De-mo'ni-a-c, j a. Belong- 
 
 Dem/o-m'ac-al, ) ing to, or 
 influenced by, demons. 
 
 De-m5'ni-a-e, n. One pos- 
 sessed by an evil spirit. 
 
 De''mon-61'o-gy, n. A trea- 
 tise on evil spirits. 
 
 De-m6n'stra-ble, a. Capable 
 of being fully proved. 
 
 D6m'on-strate, or De-m6n'- 
 strate, v. t. To prove fully. 
 — Syn. To evince ; mani- 
 fest. 
 
 Dgm'on-stra'tion, n. Proof 
 to a certainty. 
 
 De-m6n'stra-tive, a. Con- 
 clusive. 
 
 DSm'on-stra'tor, n. One who 
 demonstrates. 
 
 De-m6r'al-i-za'tion, n. De- 
 struction of morals. 
 
 De-m6r'al-ize, v. t. To de- 
 stroy the morals or the dis- 
 cipline of. 
 
 De-miil'gent, a. Softening. 
 
 De-mfir', v. i. To hesitate ; to 
 have scruples. — n. Hesita- 
 tion, [est. 
 
 De-mure', a. Affectedly mod- 
 
 De-mur'ra^e, n. Payment 
 for the detention of a ship. 
 
 a,e,T,6, u,y,/ong'; 5,S,T,5,u, 
 
 , y, $hort ; care, car, ask, a^. wh^t ; ere, veil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
DEMURRER 
 
 83 
 
 DERIVABLE 
 
 De-mur'rer, n. One who de- 
 murs ; a piause in '.aw. 
 
 De-my', n. A kind of small 
 paper. [a beast. 
 
 Den (18), n. A cave ; lodge of 
 
 Den-dr61'o-gy, n. Natural 
 history of trees. [diction. 
 
 De-ni'al, n. Refusal ; contra- 
 
 De-ni'er, n. A refuser. 
 
 Den'i-zen, n. One made a 
 citizen. 
 
 De-n6m'i-nate, v. t. To give 
 a name to ; to call ; to style. 
 
 De-n6m''i-na'tion, n. A 
 name ; title ; appellation. 
 
 De-n6m'i-na-tive, o. Con- 
 ferring a name or title. 
 
 De-ndri'l-na'tor, n. Lower 
 number in vulgar fractions. 
 
 De-note', v. t. To indicate ; 
 to signify ; to mark. 
 
 De-nounge', v. t. To accuse 
 publicly ; to threaten. 
 
 De-nounge'ment, n. Act of 
 proclaiming a threat. 
 
 D6nse, a. Having its parts 
 closely pressed together. — 
 Syn. Close ; compact ; thick. 
 
 D6n'si-ty, n. Compactness ; 
 closeness of parts. 
 
 D6nt, n. A small hollow ; in- 
 dentation. — v.t. To make a 
 dent in. [teeth. 
 
 Dent'al, a. Pertaining to the 
 
 Den-ti€'u-la^ted, a. Notch- 
 ed so as to resemble little 
 teeth. 
 
 Den'ti-frige, n. Something to 
 
 cleanse teeth. 
 D6n'til, n. A square block in 
 
 cornices. [the teeth. 
 
 D6n'tist, n. An operator on 
 D6n'tist-ry, n. The business 
 
 of a dentist. 
 Den-ti'tion (-tish/un),n. The 
 
 process of cutting the teeth. 
 D6n''u-da'tion, n. A making 
 
 bare. 
 
 De-nude', v. t. To lay bare. 
 De-nun/ci-a'tion (-shi-a^-), n. 
 
 Declaration of a threat. 
 De-nun'ci-a^tor ( -nttn/sh i- ) , 
 
 n. One who threatens. 
 De-nun'gi-a-to-ry {-nttn^- 
 
 shi-), a. Containing a threat. 
 De-ny', v.t. To contradict ; 
 
 to refuse ; to withhold. 
 De'o-dand, n. Something 
 
 forfeited to the state for 
 pious uses. [ence of duty. 
 
 De^on-t61'o-g:y, n. The sci- 
 
 De-part', v. i. To go away ; 
 to forsake ; to die. 
 
 De-part'ment, n. A distinct 
 part, office, or division. 
 
 De-part 'ure, n. A going 
 away ; decease ; death. 
 
 De-pend', v. i. To hang ; to 
 rely ; to adhere. 
 
 De-p6nd'enge, ) n. Reli- 
 
 De-p6nd'en-gy, j ance ; 
 trust ; subordination. 
 
 De-pSnd'ent, a. Relying ; 
 subordinate. — n. One sub- 
 ordinate to another. 
 
 De-pi-ct', V. t. To paint ; to 
 portray. 
 
 De-pi-et'ure, v.t. To paint. 
 
 De-pil'a-to-ry, a. Taking off 
 the hair. 
 
 De-ple'tion, n. Blood-letting. 
 
 De-pl6r'a-ble,a. Lamentable. 
 
 De-pl6re', v. t. To lament. 
 
 De-ploy', V. t. To display ; 
 to open or extend. 
 
 Dgp^Iu-ma'tion, n. A strip- 
 ping off plumes, [feathers. 
 
 De-plume', v. t. To deprive of 
 
 De-po'nent, n. One who 
 gives written testimony on 
 oath . 
 
 De-p6p'u-late, v. t. To de- 
 prive of inhabitants. 
 De-p6p'u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 
 depopulating. 
 De-port', v.t. To behave ; to 
 
 carry ; to conduct. 
 De^por-ta'tion, n. A carrying 
 
 away ; exile. [behaving. 
 De -port 'men t, n. Manner of 
 De-pos'al, n. Act of deposing. 
 De-pose', v. t. To dethrone. 
 
 — v.l. To testify under oath. 
 De-pds'it, v.t. To lodge or 
 
 place ; to lay aside. — n. 
 
 That which is laid up or 
 
 aside ; any thing intrusted. 
 De-p6§'i-ta-ry, n. One with 
 
 whom something is left in 
 
 trust. 
 
 D6p/o-§i'tion (-zTsh/un), a. 
 Act of dethroning or degrad- 
 ing ; an affidavit, [deposits. 
 De-p6s'i-tor, n. One who 
 De-p6s'i-to-ry, n. A place for 
 depositing. 
 
 De-pot' (dc-po' or de^po), n, 
 riace of deposit ; railway 
 station. 
 
 Dep'ra-va'tion, n. Act of 
 making worse. [to vitiate. 
 De-prave', v. t. To corrupt ; 
 De-prav'i-ty, n. Corruption 
 
 of morals. 
 D6p're-cate, v. t. To pray 
 
 for deliverance from. 
 Dep/re-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 deprecating, [to deprecate. 
 Dep're-€a-to-ry, a. Serving 
 De-pre'ci-ate (-pre^sh!-), v. i. 
 To decline in value. — v. t. 
 To lower the price of ; to 
 undervalue. 
 De-pre^ci-a'tion (-prG/shT-), 
 
 n. Act of depreciating. 
 D6p're-date, v. t. To rob ; to 
 plunder. [bing. 
 Dep^re-da'tion, n. A rob- 
 De-press', v. t. To sink ; to 
 
 humble ; to cast down. 
 De-pr6s'sion (-presh'un), n. 
 
 Dejection ; low state. 
 De-pr6s'sive, a. Tending to 
 
 depress. 
 Dep^ri-va'tion, n. Act of 
 depriving ; loss ; bereave- 
 ment, [to bereave. 
 De-prlve', v. t. To take from ; 
 D^pth, n. Deepness ; profun- 
 dity ; a deep place. 
 Dep^u-ta'tion. n. Act of de- 
 puting ; persons deputed. 
 De-pute', V. t. To appoint as 
 
 substitute. 
 Dep'u-ty, n. One appointed 
 
 to act for another. 
 De-range', v. t. To put out 
 of order ; to confuse, [sane. 
 De-ranged', a. Delirious ; in 
 De-range'ment{10),7i. State 
 
 of disorder; insanity. 
 Der'e-li€t, n. A thing aban- 
 doned. — a. Abandoned. 
 Der''e-li-e'tion, n. A forsak- 
 ing; abandonment 
 De-ride', v. t. To laugh at 
 in scorn. — SYN. To ridi- 
 cule ; mock ; taunt. 
 De-ris'ion (-rlzh-'un), n. A 
 
 laughing at in contempt. 
 De-ri'sive, I a. Mocking 
 De-ri'so-ry, ) ridiculing. 
 De-riv'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being derived. 
 
 B6n, 6r, dg, wglf, tero, tdbk ; tlm, r«e, pyll ; p, soft; e, g, hard; ; exist ; Q as ng ; this. 
 
DERIVATION 
 
 84 
 
 DETESTATION 
 
 Derrick. 
 
 DSr'i-va'tion, n. Deduction 
 from a source. 
 
 De-riv'a-tive, a. Derived. — 
 n. A word or thing derived. 
 
 De-rive', v. t. To deduce ; to 
 draw. [to detract. 
 
 Der'o-gate, v. To take away ; 
 
 Der^o-ga'tion, n. A detract- 
 ing. 
 
 De-rog'a-to-ry, a. 
 
 DSr'rick, n. A ma- 
 chine for raising 
 heavy weights. 
 
 Der'vis (18), n. A 
 Turkisk monk. 
 
 Des-€ant', v. i. To 
 sing ; to comment 
 at large. 
 
 Des'-eant, n. A song in parts. 
 
 De-sgend', v. To go or come 
 down. [an ancestor. 
 
 De-sgend'ant,n. Offspring of 
 
 De-sgent', n. Progress down- 
 ward. 
 
 De-s-eribe', v. t. To represent 
 by words or other signs. 
 
 De-S€ri'er, n. One who de- 
 scries, [scribing. 
 
 De-s-erip'tion, n. Act of de- 
 
 De-s-erip'tive, a. Containing 
 description. 
 
 De-s-ery', v. t. To discover. 
 
 Des'e-erate, v. t. To pervert 
 from a sacred purpose. 
 
 Des^e-cra'tion, n. A divert- 
 ing from a sacred purpose. 
 
 De-§ert', n. Merit ; reward. 
 — V. t. To abandon. — v. i. 
 To run away. 
 
 Peg'ert, a. Solitary. — n. A 
 wilderness ; solitude. 
 
 De-§ert'er, n. One who for- 
 sakes his colors, &c. 
 
 De-§er'tion, n. Act of desert- 
 
 ^"^* 
 
 De-§erve', v. t. To merit. 
 De-§erved', a. Merited. 
 De-§erv'ing, a. Meritorious. 
 Bes'ha-bille', n. An undress. 
 D6s'i-e-eate, or De-si€'-cate, 
 
 V. t. or ?. To dry up. 
 Des^i€-ea'tion, n. Process of 
 
 making dry. 
 De-sid'er-ate, v. t. To feel 
 
 the want of ; to desire. 
 De-sid^e-ra'tum, n. {pi. De- 
 
 sid^e-ra'ta, 25.) A thipg 
 
 desired. 
 
 De-sTgn' (-sin/ or -zmO, v. t. 
 
 To intend ; to plan ; to 
 
 sketch. — n. A purpose ; 
 
 intention ; plan ; sketch. 
 Des'ig-nate, v. t. To point 
 
 out. 
 
 Des^ig-na'tion, n. Act of 
 
 pointing or marking out. 
 De-sign'er (-sln^- or -zin'-), n. 
 
 One who designs. [sire. 
 De-sir'a-ble, a. Worthy of de- 
 De-§Tre', n. A wish to obtain. 
 
 — V. t. To wish for ; to ask. 
 De-sir'ous (11), a. Full of 
 
 desire ; eager 
 
 Des'ti-na'tion, n. Place to be 
 reached ; end. [appoint. 
 
 Des'tme, v. t. To doom ; to 
 
 Des'ti-ny, n. State or condi- 
 tion predetermined ; fate. 
 
 Des'ti-tute, a. In utter want ; 
 poor. 
 
 Des'ti-tu'tion, n. Utter want. 
 
 De-stroy' (8), t. To de- 
 molish ; to ruin ; to lay 
 waste. 
 
 De-stru<;'ti-ble, a. Liable to 
 destruction. [olition. 
 De-stru-e'tion, n. Ruin ; dem- 
 De-stru-e'tive, a. Ruinous. 
 
 De-sist', v.i. To cease; 'iWillfwiu I iwit ( -we- ) , w . Disuse 
 stop ; to forbear. ^Des'ul-to-ry, a. Without 
 
 Desk (18), n. An inclined 
 table ;_ a pulpit. 
 
 Des'o-late,!'. t. To lay waste. 
 
 Des'o-latc, a. Laid waste. 
 
 Des^o-la'tion, n. Act of lay- 
 ing waste ; ruin. 
 
 De-spair', n. Utter loss of 
 hope. — V. I. To abandon 
 hope. 
 
 De-sp3,tch', t». See Dispatr.h. 
 Des^per-a'do {pL Des^per-a'- 
 
 d6e§), n. A desperate man ; 
 
 a madman. [hope. 
 Des'per-ate, a. Without 
 Des^per-a'tion, n. Hopeless- 
 ness, [ble. 
 Des'pi-ea-ble,a. Contempti- 
 De-spise', t- . t. To contemn ; 
 
 to scorn ; to disdain, [nity. 
 De-spite', n. Malice ; malig- 
 De-spoil', V. t. To spoil ; to 
 
 rob ; to strip. 
 De-spo/li-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 despoiling. 
 De-spoiFer, n. A plunderer. 
 De-sp6nd', v. i. To lose hope. 
 De-sp6nd'en-gy, r?. Loss of 
 
 hope ; discouragement. 
 De-sp6nd'ent, a. Despairing. 
 Des'pot, n. An absolute 
 
 prince. 
 
 Des-p6t'ic, a. Absolute in 
 power ; tyrannical ; arbi- 
 trary, [power. 
 
 D6s'pot-i§m, n. Absolute 
 
 Des^pu-ma'tion, n. Foam; 
 scum ; frothiness. 
 
 Des^qua-ma'tion, n. A scal- 
 ing or exfoliation of bone. 
 
 De§-§ert', n. Service of fruit, 
 &c., at the close of a meal. 
 
 method ; unconnected. 
 De-tach', v. t. To separate ; 
 
 to disunite ; to send off. 
 De-tach'ment, n. A party 
 sent from the main army, 
 &c. 
 
 De'tail, or De-tail', n. A 
 minute account or portion. 
 
 De-tail', v. t. To narrate ; to 
 particularize ; to select. 
 
 De-tain', v. t. To withhold ; 
 to restrain from departure. 
 
 De-te-et', v. t. To bring to 
 light ; to discover. 
 
 De-te€'tion, n. Discovery. 
 
 De-te€'tive, n. A policeman 
 employed to detect. 
 
 De-ten'tion, n. Act of de- 
 taining, [hinder- 
 
 De-ter', v. t. To prevent ; to 
 
 De-ter'gent, a. Cleansing. 
 
 De-te'ri-o-rate, v. t. or i. To 
 make or become worse. 
 
 De-te^ri-o-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 becoming worse. 
 
 De-ter'min-a-ble,a. Capable 
 of being determined. 
 
 De-ter'min-ate, a. Fixed *, 
 definite ; conclusive. 
 
 De-ter/mi-na'tion, n. Ter- 
 mination ; resolution taken. 
 
 De-ter'mine, v. t. To end ; to 
 decide ; to resolve. 
 
 De-ter'mined, a. Resolute. 
 
 De-ter'sive, a. Able to 
 cleanse. 
 
 De-test', V. t. To hate ex- 
 tremely. — Syn. To abhor ; 
 loathe ; abominate. [ful. 
 
 De-t6st'a-ble, a. Very hate- 
 
 DeVes-ta'tion, or De''tes> 
 
 5, e, T, 5, u, y , long ; 5, e, i, o, u, y , short; care, car, &8k, all, wh^t ; gre, vfiil, tSrm ; pique, ftrm ; 
 
DETHRONE 
 
 85 
 
 DICTATORIAL 
 
 taction, n. Extreme hatred ; 
 abhorrence. 
 
 De-thr5ne', v. t. To divest 
 of royalty ; to depose. 
 
 De-throne'ment, n. Act of 
 dethroning. 
 
 Det'i-nue, n. A writ to re- 
 cover goods detained. 
 
 Det'o-nate, 1 v. t. or i. To 
 
 D6t'o-nize, ) explode. 
 
 Det'o-na'tion, n. Explosion. 
 
 Pe-tort', V. t. To twist ; to 
 wrest ; to turn. 
 
 De-tor'tion, n. A perversion 
 or wresting. 
 
 De-trS,€t', V. i. To depreciate 
 worth. — V. t. To slander. 
 
 De-tr3,£'tion, n. Defamation. 
 
 De-tra€t'or, n. One who de- 
 tracts or slanders. 
 
 Det'ri-ment, n. Loss ; dam- 
 age ; injury. [loss. 
 
 DeVri-ment'al, a. Causing 
 
 De-tri'tion (-trish/un), n. A 
 wearing off or away. 
 
 De-trun'€ate, t^. t. Tolopoff. 
 
 De-tru'§ion, n. Act of thrust- 
 ing down. [the devil. 
 
 Deuge, n. Card of two spots ; 
 
 D6v'as-tate, or De-vas'tate, 
 v.t. To lay waste ; to ravage. 
 
 DSVas-ta'tion, n. A laying 
 waste ; havoc. 
 
 De-v61'op, V. t. To unfold ; 
 to lay open to view. 
 
 Pe-vel'op-ment, n. An un- 
 folding ; disclosure. 
 
 De'vi-ate, v. i. To wander ; 
 to go astray. 
 
 De'vi-a'tion, n. A departure 
 from rule ; an error. 
 
 De-vige' (18), w. Scheme ; 
 contrivance. [one. 
 
 Dev'il (dev/1), n. The evil 
 
 D6v'^l-ish, a. Diabolical. 
 
 Dev'il-try, n. Diabolical or 
 mischievous conduct. 
 
 De'vi-ous, a. Going or lead- 
 ing astray; erring. 
 
 De-vi§'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being devised. 
 
 De-vi§e', V. t. To contrive ; 
 to bequeath. — v. i. To lay 
 apian. — M. A will. 
 
 Dev^ig-ee', n. One to whom a 
 thing is bequeathed. 
 
 Be-vis'or, n. One who be- 
 queaths or wills. 
 
 De-void', a. Not possessing ; 
 void ; empty ; destitute. 
 
 Devoir (dev-wor^), n. Duty ; 
 act of civility. 
 
 De-v61ve', t*. To roll down ; 
 to transfer or be transferred. 
 
 De-v6te', f. t. To dedicate; 
 to appropriate by vow. 
 
 De-vot'ed, a. Zealous ; at- 
 tached. 
 
 De-vot'ed-ness, n. State of 
 being devoted. [a bigot. 
 
 Dev'o-tee', «. One devoted; 
 
 De-vo'tion, n. Consecration ; 
 affection; piety. 
 
 De-vo'tion-al, a. Pertaining 
 to devotion. 
 
 ©e-vour', V. t. To eat up 
 ravenousl}'. 
 
 De-vout', a. Pious; relig- 
 ious. 
 
 De-vout'ly, adv. Piously. 
 
 Dew (du), n. Moisture de- 
 posited at night. 
 
 Dew'lap, n. The flesh hang- 
 ing from an ox's throat. 
 
 ©ew'y, a. Moij^t with dew. 
 
 Dex'ter, ) a. Right, as op- 
 
 Dex'tral, j posed to left. 
 
 Dex-ter'i-ty, n. Activity and 
 expertness. — Syn. Adroit- 
 ness ; skill ; cleverness. 
 
 Dex'ter-ous, a. Expert in 
 manual acts ; skillful. 
 
 Dex'ter-ous-ly, adv. With 
 skill. 
 
 DPa-be'tes, n. A disease at- 
 tended \y excessive dis- 
 charge of urine. 
 
 DFa-b61'i€-al, a. Devilish. 
 
 Di'a-erit'io-al, a. Serving to 
 discriminate. 
 
 Di'a-dem,n. A kingly crown. 
 
 DT-aer'e-sis, \ n. {pi. t)T-8er'e- 
 
 Di-er^e-sis, ) se§orDi-er'- 
 e-se§. ) A mark [ " ] over the 
 second of two vowels, to 
 show that they are to be pro- 
 nounced separately. 
 
 Di-^g'o-nal, a. Pass- 
 ing from one angle to 
 another not adjacent. 
 — n. A diagonal line. 
 
 DT-S,g'o-nal-ly, adv. 
 
 In a diagonal direc- Diag-- 
 tion. oJiai. 
 
 DPa-gr&m, n. A mathemat- 
 ical drawing. 
 
 Di'al, n. A plate to show tha 
 hour by the sun. [speech. 
 
 Di'a-le-ct, n. A local form of 
 
 ©Pa-le-e'ti-c-al, a. Pertain* 
 ing to a dialect ; logical. 
 
 Pi'a-le€-ti'cian (-tish/au), n. 
 A logician. 
 
 DPa-16-c'ti-es, w.sms-. Logic. 
 
 Bi'al-ing, n. Science of mak- 
 ing dials. [dialogue. 
 
 Bi-S-Po-gist, n. A speaker in a 
 
 Bi'a-logue, n. Discourse be- 
 tween two or more. 
 
 Bi-am'e-ter, n. A 
 right line passing / 
 through the cen- 
 ter of a circle. 
 
 l>Pa-met'ric-al, a. 
 Relating to, or dc- 
 scribing, a diameter ; direct. 
 
 ®i'a-mond (or dl'- a 
 mund), n. The /\ 
 most precious of / \ 
 gems ; a geometrical N. / 
 figure, thus: — \ / 
 
 DPa-pa'§on, n. An }{ 
 octave in music ; 
 harmony ; an organ * 
 stop. 
 
 Di'a-per, n. Figured linen. 
 
 DT-5,ph'a-nous, a. Transpar- 
 ent, [ing perspiration. 
 
 DFa-pho-ret'i€, a. lucreas- 
 
 Di'a-phragm (-fi-SLm), n. 
 Muscle separating the chest 
 from the bowels. 
 
 DPar-rhe'a, ) n. Unusual 
 
 Dl'ar-rhoe'a, ) evacuation of 
 the intestines. 
 
 Di'a-ry (19), n. Account of 
 daily transactions. 
 
 DT^a-tdn'i^;, a. Ascending or 
 descending, as in sound. 
 
 Di'a-tribe, n. A continued 
 discourse ; an invective. 
 
 Dib'ble, n. A tool for plant- 
 
 Dige, n., pi. of Die. [ing. 
 
 Dick'y, n. A fixlse shirt-col- 
 lar or shirt-bosom. 
 
 Di€'tate, v. t. To tell for an- 
 other to write ; to suggest. 
 — n. Order ; suggestion ; 
 hint. [tating ; an order. 
 
 Di-e-ta'tion, n. Act of dic- 
 
 Di€-ta'tor, n. One invested 
 with absolute power. 
 
 Di^'ta-td'ri-al, a. Unlimited 
 in power. 
 
 son, or, do, wglf, tvTo, tobk ; drn, rye, pull ; ^, ^, soft ; €, g, hard ; ; exist ; q as ng ; tiiis. 
 
DICTATORSHIP 
 
 86 
 
 DIRECT 
 
 Di<j-ta'tor-ship, n. Office of 
 a dictator. [pression. 
 
 Di-e'tion, n. Manner of ex- 
 
 Di-e'tion-a-ry, n. A book in 
 which words are explained. 
 
 Di-e'tum, n. (pt. Di€'ta, 25.) 
 An authoritative word or 
 
 Did, imp. of Do. [assertion. 
 
 Di-da-e'ti-e, a. Fitted or in- 
 tended to instruct. 
 
 Die, V. i. To lose life ; to ex- 
 pire. — n. {pi. Dige). A 
 small cuJoe. — n. {pi. Dies). 
 A stamp. 
 
 Di-er'e-sis, n. See Di cere sis. 
 
 Di'et, n. Food ; an assembly 
 of princes or estates. — v. 
 To feed or eat sparingly. 
 
 Di'e-ta-ry, I a. Pertaining 
 
 DPe-tefi-e, j to diet. 
 
 DPe-tet'ics, n. sing. The 
 science that relates to food. 
 
 Differ, V. i. To he unlike; 
 to disagree. [ment. 
 
 Dif'fer-enge, n. Disagree- 
 
 Dif'fer-ent, a. Unlike. 
 
 Dif/fer-en'tial, a. Creating a 
 difference ; meant to produce 
 or show difference. [done. 
 
 Dif'fi-eult, a. Hard to be 
 
 Dif'fi-eul-ty, n. Hardness 
 to be done ; impediment ; dis- 
 tress, [fidence ; doubt. 
 
 Dif'fi-denge, n. Want of con- 
 
 Dif'fi-dent, a. Distrustful; 
 bashful. 
 
 Dif-fiige', v. t. To pour out ; 
 to spread. [spread. 
 
 Dif-fuse',a. Copious ; widely 
 
 Dif-fuse'ly, adv. Widely ; 
 copiously. [dispersion. 
 
 Dif-fu'§ion, n. A spreading ; 
 
 Dif-fu'sive a. Spreading 
 widely ; scattered. 
 
 Dig (7), r. t. or i. [imp. & 
 p. p. DIGGED, DUG.] To 
 turn up with a spade. 
 
 Di'gest, n. A collection of 
 laws ; an abridgment. 
 
 Di-gest', V. t. To dissolve in 
 the stomach. 
 
 Di-ggst'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being digested. 
 
 Di-ges'tion, n. The process 
 of digesting. [gestion. 
 
 Di-gest'ive, «. Causing di- 
 
 Dig'it (18), n. One of the 
 ten figures 0, 1,2, &c.,by 
 
 which all numbers are ex- 
 pressed ; 12th part of the 
 diameter of the sun or 
 moon ; a finger. 
 
 Dig'it-al, a. Relating to a 
 digit. [alted. 
 
 Dig'ni-fied, a. Noble; ex- 
 
 Dig'ni-fy, v. t. To exalt ; to 
 advance. 
 
 Dig'ni-ta-ry, n. A person 
 of rank. 
 
 Dig'ni-ty, n. Elevation of 
 rank ; nobleness. 
 
 Digraph, n. Two letters with 
 the sound of one only. 
 
 Di-gress', t. To turn from 
 the main subject; to wan- 
 der. 
 
 Di-gres'sion, n. A deviation. 
 Dike, n. A ditch ; a bank or 
 
 mound of earth. 
 DMap'i-date, v. t. To pull 
 
 down. — V. i. To go to ruin. 
 Di-lap^i-da'tion, n. Decay ; 
 
 waste. [lating. 
 DiFa-ta'tion, n. Act of di- 
 Di-late', or Di-late', v. t. or 
 
 i. To expand ; to enlarge. 
 Di-la'tion, or Di-la'tion, n. 
 
 Act of dilating ; expansion. 
 Dil'a-to-ry, a. Late ; tardy. 
 Di-lem'ma, or Di-16m'ma 
 
 (18), n. A perplexing state 
 
 or alternative. 
 Dil'i-genQe, n. Steady ap- 
 plication to business. 
 Dil'i-gent, a. Constant in 
 
 application to business. 
 Dil'i-gent-ly, ndv. With 
 
 steady application. 
 Di-lute', V. t. To make more 
 
 thin. — a. Thin ; diluted. 
 DMu'tion, n. Act of diluting ; 
 
 a weak liquid. 
 Di-lii'vi-al, I a. Relating to, 
 Di-lu'vi-an, j or caused by, 
 
 a flood. 
 
 Di-lu'vi-um, n. A deposit of 
 earth, &c., caused by a 
 ' flood. 
 
 Dim, a. Not clear ; obscure. 
 — V. t. To darken ; to ob- 
 scure, [cents' value. 
 
 Dime, n. A silver coin of ten 
 
 Di-msn'sion, n. Bulk ; size. 
 
 Di-min'ish, v. t. or i. To 
 make or become less. — S YN. 
 To lessen ; decrease ; abate. 
 
 Dim/i-nu'tion, n. A making 
 or growing smaller, [small. 
 
 Di-min'u-tive, a. Little ; 
 
 Dim'is-so-ry, a. Dismissing 
 to another ecclesiastical ju- 
 risdiction, [cotton cloth. 
 
 Dim'i-ty, n. A kind of ribbed 
 
 Dim'ness, n. Dullness ; 
 gloom. [in the cheek. 
 
 Dim'ple, n. A httle hollow 
 
 Din, n. Loud noise ; clamor. 
 
 Dine, V. i. To eat dinner. 
 
 Din'^i-ness, n. A dusky hue. 
 
 Din'gle, n. A hollow between 
 hills ; a dale. [foul. 
 
 Din'gy, a. Dusky ; soiled ; 
 
 Din'ner, n. The chief meal 
 of the day. 
 
 Dint, n. Mark of a blow ; 
 power ; means. — v. t. To 
 mark by a blow. 
 
 Di-6Q'e-san, or Di'o-Qe''san, 
 a. Pertaining to a diocese. 
 
 Di'o-gese, n. The jurisdic- 
 tion of a bishop. 
 
 DPo-ra'ma, or Di-o-ra'ma 
 (18), n. An ingenious op- 
 tical contrivance. 
 
 Dip (7), V. i. To plunge; to 
 immerse. — v. i. To im- 
 merse one's self ; to thrust 
 in and partake. — n. In- 
 clination downward. 
 
 Diph-the'ri-a (dif- or dip-), 
 n. A very dangerous dis- 
 ease of the throat. 
 
 Diph'thong (dlf^- ordlp^-), n. 
 A uuion of two vowels in 
 one sound or syllable. 
 
 Diph-thon'gal (dIf- or dip-), 
 a. Con~sisting of a diph- 
 thong. 
 
 Di-plo'ma (18), n. A writing 
 conferring some privilege, 
 honor, &c. 
 
 Di-plo'ma-Qy, n. Conduct 
 of negotiations between na- 
 tions, [to diplomacy 
 
 Dip/lo-niat'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 
 Di-pl5'ma-tist, I n. One 
 
 Dip'lo-mate, j skilled in 
 diplomacy. 
 
 Dip'per, n. One who dips ; 
 a vessel for dipping. 
 
 Dire, a. Dreadful ; dismal. 
 
 Di-re€t', a. Straight ; right ; 
 express. — v. t. To aim ; to 
 direct ; to order ; to regulate. 
 
 5, 6,1, o, u,y,;ong-/ 1, 6,ti 
 
 , short ; care, car, ask, gll, wh^t ; ere, T^il, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
DIRECTION 
 
 87 
 
 DISCOURTEOUS 
 
 Di-r§€'tion, n. Aim ; order. 
 
 Di-re€t'ly, adv. Immediately. 
 
 Di-re€t'ness, n. Straight- 
 ness ; tendency to a point. 
 
 Di-re€t'or, n. One who di- 
 rects ; a superintendent. 
 
 Di-re€t'o-ry, n. Book of di- 
 rections ; a guide-book. 
 
 Dire'ful, a. Dreadful ; dire. 
 
 Dirge (18), n. A funeral song. 
 
 Dirk, n. A kind of dagger. 
 
 Dirt, n. Earth ; any foul 
 matter ; mud ; mire. — v. t. 
 To make dirty. 
 
 Dirt'y, a. Foul with dirt. — v. 
 t. To make foul; to dirt. 
 
 Dis^a-bil'i-ty, n. "Want of 
 power or qualifications. 
 
 Dis-a'ble, v. t. To deprive 
 of power ; to disqualify . 
 
 Dis-'a-buge', v. t. To unde- 
 ceive. 
 
 Dis^ad-van'ta^e, n. Loss ; 
 unfavorable state. 
 
 Dis-S-d^van-ta'geous, a. Un- 
 favorable to success ; inju- 
 rious, [less friendly. 
 
 Dis/af-f6€t', V. t. To mak<i 
 
 Dis/af-f6-et'ed, «. Filled with 
 discontent and unfriendli- 
 ness. 
 
 Dis^af-fe^'tion, n. Want of 
 affection ; alienation. 
 
 Dis^a-gree', v. i. To differ 
 in opinion ; to quarrel ; not 
 to be the same. 
 
 Dis^a-gree'a-ble, a. Un- 
 pleasant, [pleasantly. 
 
 Dis^a-gree'a-bly, adv. Un- 
 
 Dis^a-gree'ment, w. Differ- 
 ence. 
 
 Dis^al-low', V. t. To refuse 
 to allow. 
 
 Dis^al-low'ange, n. Disap- 
 probation ; prohibition. 
 
 Dis-'an-nul'. See Annul. 
 
 Dis^ap-pear', v. i. To vanish 
 from sight. 
 
 Dis^ap-pear'ange, n. Act of 
 disappearing; a vanishing. 
 
 Dis^ap-point', ^'. t. To defeat 
 of expectation or hope. 
 1 Dis^ap-point'ment, n. Defeat 
 of hopes or expectation. 
 
 Dis-ap/pro-ba'tion, n. A dis- 
 approval ; dislike. 
 
 Dis^ap-prpv'al (11), n. Dis- 
 approbation; dislike. 
 
 Dis^ap-prpve', v. t. To cen- 
 sure ; to refuse to approve. 
 
 Dis-arm', v. t. To deprive of 
 arms. 
 
 Dis^ar-range', v. t. To put 
 out of order. 
 
 Dis''ar-range'ment, n. Act 
 of disturbing order. 
 
 Dis^ar-ray', v. t. To undress. 
 — n. Want of order; un- 
 dress. 
 
 Di§-as'ter, n. Unfortunate 
 event ; mishap ; calamity. 
 
 Di§-as'trous, a. Unlucky; 
 calamitous ; afflictive. 
 
 Dis-'a-vow', V. t. To disown ; 
 to deny knowledge of. 
 
 Dis'a-vow'al, n. A denial. 
 
 Dis-band', v. t. or i. To dis- 
 miss from military service. 
 
 Dis^be-lief , n. Want or re- 
 fusal of belief. [credit. 
 
 Dis^be-lieve', v. t. To dis- 
 
 Dis'be-liev'er, n. An infidel. 
 
 Dis-bur'den (-bQr^dn), v. t. 
 To ease of a burden. 
 
 Dis -burse', v. t. To expend ; 
 to pay out ; to spend. 
 
 Dis-burse'ment, n. Act of 
 disbursing ; sum spent. 
 
 Dis-e. See Dish. 
 
 Dis-<jard', v. t. To dismiss. 
 
 Di§-cern' (diz-zSrnO, f- To 
 see ; to perceive ; to judge. 
 
 Dig-cern'i-ble (diz-zCrn^-), a. 
 Capable of being discerned. 
 
 Di§-cern'ing, a. Judicious. 
 
 Di§-cern'ment, n. Act of dis- 
 cerning. — Syn. Penetra- 
 tion ; discrimination. 
 
 Dis-charge', v. t. To dis- 
 miss ; to unload ; to fire. — 
 V. i. To throw off a charge 
 or burden. — n. An unload- 
 ing; explosion. 
 
 Dis-Qi'ple (18), n. A learner ; 
 a scholar or follower. 
 
 Dis-Qi''ple-ship, n. State of a 
 disciple. 
 
 Dis-'gi-plin-a'ri-an, n. One 
 who keeps good discipline. 
 
 Dis'Qi-plin-a-ry, a. Relating 
 to, or intended for, disci- 
 pline. 
 
 D IS 'gi-plme , n . Education 
 and government ; order ; 
 rule. — V. t. Toinstruct and 
 govern ; to regulate. 
 
 Dis-claim', v. t. To disown ; 
 to renounce. [to reveal. 
 
 Dis-€l6§e% V. t. To uncover; 
 
 Dis-elo§'ure, n. A revealing ; 
 that which is disclosed. 
 
 Dis-eol'or (-kriFur), v. t. To 
 alter the color of. [of color. 
 
 Dis-«6Por-a'tion, n. Change 
 
 Dis-eom'fit, v. t. To cause 
 to flee ; to rout ; to defeat. 
 
 Dis-c6m'fit-ure, n. Defeat. 
 
 Dis-eom'fort, n. Uneasiness; 
 disquiet. [commode. 
 
 Dis^€om-m6de', v. t. To in 
 
 Dis^-com-poge', v. t. To 
 ruffle ; to disturb the temper 
 of. [order; disturbance. 
 
 Dis^«om-po§'ure, n. Dis- 
 
 Dis'€on-(}ert', v. t. To dis- 
 turb; to unsettle the mind 
 of. [unite ; to separate. 
 
 Dis^-con-ne-ct', v.t. To di.s- 
 
 Dis^€on-ne-e'tion,n. Separa- 
 tion ; want of union. 
 
 Dis-e6n 'so-late, a. Destitute 
 of comfort or consolation. 
 
 Dis^€on-tent', n. Uneasiness 
 
 Dis^-eon-tent'ed, a. Dissatis- 
 fied. 
 
 DiS''<;on-t6nt'ment, n. Dis- 
 satisfaction. 
 
 Dis^€on-tin'u-anQe, ) n. A 
 
 Dis''-eon-tin''u-a'tion, j ceas- 
 ing; interruption. 
 
 Dis^€on-tin'ue, v. To put or 
 leave off. 
 
 Dis'€ord, n. Disagreement; 
 strife, [hnrmony ; di.«cord. 
 
 Dis cord'ange, n. Want of 
 
 Dis-cord'ant, a. Incoijsist- 
 ent ; not harmonious. 
 
 Dis'-eount, n. Deduction of a 
 sum ; allowance. 
 
 Dis'€ount, or Dis-count', 
 V. t. To allow discount ; to 
 lend money on, deducting 
 the allowance for interest. 
 
 Dis-eoun'te-nange, v. t. To 
 discourage. — n. Disfavor. 
 
 Dis-€our/age (-kfir^ej), v. t. 
 To dishearten ; to depress. 
 
 Dis-eour'age-ment, n. That 
 which abates courage. 
 
 Dis-eourse', n. Conversation ; 
 talk ; sermon ; treatise. — 
 V. t. To converse : to talk. 
 
 Dis-eour'te-ous (-kur'te-), a. 
 Uncivil ; rude. 
 
 son, ©r, dQ, w^lf, tcTo, tdbk ; dm, rye, p\ill ; f , soft; €, g, hard ; ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
DISCOURTESY 
 
 88 
 
 DISLODGE 
 
 Dis-€Our'te-sy, n. Incivil- 
 ity ; ill manners ; rudeness. 
 
 Dis-eov'er, V. t. To find out; 
 to disclose ; to reveal, 
 
 Dis-eov'er-a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being discovered. 
 
 Dis-«6v'er-er, n. One who 
 discovers. 
 
 Dis-eov'er-y, n. A finding 
 out ; disclosure. 
 
 Dis-ered'it, n. Want of cred- 
 it ; reproach. — v. t. To 
 disbelieve ; to disgrace. 
 
 Dis-€red'it-a-ble, a. Inju- 
 rious to reputation, [tious. 
 
 Dis-€reet', a. Prudent ; cau- 
 
 Dis-erep'an-gy, I n. Differ- 
 
 Dis-erep'ange, ) ence ; dis- 
 agreement, [disagreeing. 
 
 Dis-erep'ant, a. Different; 
 
 Dis-erete', a. Distinct ; sep- 
 arate ; disjoined. 
 
 Dis-ere'tion (-kresh'un), n. 
 Prudence; freedom to act 
 at will. 
 
 Dis-ere'tion-al, ) a. To 
 
 Dis-ere'tion-a-ry, j be gov- 
 erned by judgment only. 
 
 Dis-<;rim'i-nate, v. t. To 
 distinguish £ to separate. 
 
 Dis-€rim^i-na'tion, n. Act 
 of discriminating. 
 
 Dis-erim'i-na-tive, a. Serv- 
 ing to distinguish. [talk. 
 
 Dis-€ur'sion, n. Desultory 
 
 Dis-eur'sive, a. Roving ; ir- 
 regular, [quoit. 
 
 Dis'-eus, n. The ancient 
 
 Dis-€USS', V. t. To disperse ; 
 to examine by discussion. — 
 SyN. To debate. 
 
 Dis-«us'sion (-kush/un), n. 
 A debate ; disquisition. 
 
 Dis-euss'ive, a. Able or 
 tendmg to discuss. 
 
 Di§-dain', n. Haughty con- 
 tempt; scorn. — V. t. To 
 scorn ; to despise. 
 
 Dis-dain'ful (17), a. Scorn- 
 fulj contemptuous. 
 
 Di§-ea§e', n. Distemper; 
 malady. —V. /. To affect 
 with sickness, [go on shore. 
 
 Dis^em-bark^ v. To put or 
 
 Dis^em-bar'rass, v. t. To 
 free from embarrassment. 
 
 Dis^em-bdd'ied, p. a. Di- 
 vested of body. 
 
 Dis'em-bogue', v. To dis- 
 charge at the mouth, as a 
 stream. 
 
 Dis'em-bow'el, v. t. To 
 
 take out the bowels of. 
 Dis^ en-chant', v .t. To free 
 
 from enchantment. 
 Dis^en-eum'ber, v. t. To 
 
 free from obstruction. 
 Dis^en-gage', v. t. To free 
 
 from an engagement or a tie. 
 Dis^en-gaged', a. Vacant; 
 
 at leisure. 
 Dis^en-gage'ment, n. Re- 
 lease from engagement. 
 Dis^en-tan'gle, ^^ /. To set 
 
 free froni perplexity. 
 Dis/en-tan'gle-ment, n. Act 
 
 of disentangling. 
 Dis^en-tgmb' (-to*om/), v. t. 
 
 To take out from a tomb. 
 I)iS''es-teem', n. Want of 
 
 esteem. — v. t. To dislike. 
 Dis-fa'vor, n. Want of fa- 
 vor ; disregard, [disfiguring. 
 Dis-fig''u-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 Dis-fig'ure, v.t. To deform ; 
 
 to mar ; to deface, [ment. 
 Dis-fig'ure-ment, n Deface- 
 Dis-fran'chi§e (-chlz), v. t. 
 
 To deprive of citizenship. 
 Dis-fran'chise-ment, n. A 
 
 deprivation^of privileges. 
 Dis-gorge', v. t. To vomit ; 
 
 to discharge ; to give up. 
 Dis-grage', n. State of shame ; 
 
 disfavor ; dishonor. — v. t. 
 
 To dishonor ; to bring to 
 
 shame. 
 
 Dis-grage'ful, a. Shameful. 
 
 Dis-gm§e', n. A dress to 
 conceal ; false appearance. 
 — V. t. To conceal. 
 
 Dis-gust', n. Distaste ; dis- 
 like; aversion. — v. t. To 
 give dislike to ; to displease. 
 
 Dis-giist'ful, I a. Provoking 
 
 Dis-gust'iiig, j dislike. 
 
 Dish (18), n. A vessel to 
 serve food in ; food. — v. t. 
 To put in dishes. 
 
 Dis^ha-bille', n. An undress ; 
 deshabille. [courage. 
 
 Dis-heart'6n, v. t. To dis- 
 
 Di-shev'el, v. t. To suffer to 
 hang negligently, as the 
 hair. 
 
 Di§-h6n'est (-on^est), a. Void 
 
 of honesty ; marked by 
 fraud ; faithless ; knavish. 
 
 Di§-h6n'est-y (-6n/est-), n. 
 Knavery. 
 
 Di§-h6n'or (-on^ur, 33), n. 
 Want of honor ; whatever 
 injures the reputation. — v. 
 t. To bring shame on ; to 
 refuse payment of. 
 
 Di§-h6n'or-a-ble (-on/ur-),a. 
 Reproachful ; disgraceful. 
 
 Dis-in^-eli-na'tion, n. Slight 
 dislike or aversion. 
 
 Dis^in-€line', v. t. To pro* 
 duce dislike in. 
 
 Dis^in-fe-ct', v. t. To purify 
 from infection. 
 
 Dis^in-fe-e'tion, n. A purify- 
 ing from infection. 
 
 Dis''in-gen'u-ous, a. Want- 
 ing in frankness and hon- 
 esty. — Syn. Unfair; illib- 
 eral ; deceitful ; artful. 
 
 Dis-'in-her'it, v. t. To cut 
 off from inheriting. 
 
 Dis-m'te-grate, t*. t. To sep- 
 arate into integrant parts. 
 
 Dis-in/te-gra'tion, n. A sep- 
 aration of integrant parts. 
 
 Dis^in-ter', f . t. To takeout 
 of a grave. 
 
 Dis-m'ter-est-ed, a, Free 
 from self-interest. 
 
 Dis^in-ter'ment, n. Act of 
 taking out of a grave, [free. 
 
 Dis^in- thrall', v. t. To set 
 
 Dis-join', v. t. To separate. 
 
 Dis-joiht', V. t. To separate 
 the joints of ; to dislocate. 
 
 Dis-jun-et', a. Separate ; dis- 
 joined. 
 
 Dis-jun€'tion,n. Disunion; 
 
 separation. 
 Dis-jiin-et'ive, a. Tending to 
 
 disjoin. 
 
 Disk, n. A quoit ; face of the 
 sun, moon, or planet. 
 
 Dis-like', n. Positive aver- 
 sion. — V. t. To have an 
 aversion to. 
 
 Dis'lo-€ate, v. t. To dis- 
 place ; to put out of joint. 
 
 Dis''lo-«a'tion, n. A dis- 
 placing ; a joint put out. 
 
 Dis-16dge', v. t. To drive 
 from a place of rest or a 
 station. — v. i. To go from 
 a place of rest. 
 
 a, 6, 1,6, u, y, long,' S, e, I, 6, u, 
 
 I, y, short; carotcar, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, tCrm ; pique, JIrm j 
 
DISLOYAL 
 
 89 
 
 DISSEMINATE 
 
 Dis-loy'al, a. Not loyal, or 
 true to allegiance. [delit3\ 
 
 Dis-loy'al-ty, n. Want of fi- 
 
 Di§'mal, a. Dark; gloomy. 
 
 Dis-man'tle, v. t. To strip 
 of dress, apparatus, equip- 
 ments, &c. [of masts. 
 
 Dis-mast', v. t. To deprive 
 
 Dis-may', v. t. To daunt ; 
 to appall. — n. Loss of cour- 
 age ; fright. 
 
 Dis-mem'ber, v. t. To di- 
 vide member from member. 
 
 Dis-mem'ber-ment, n. Sepa- 
 ration ; division. 
 
 Dis-miss', v.t. To send away. 
 
 Dis-miss'al, n. A dismissing. 
 
 Dis-mis'sion (-mish/un) n. 
 A sending away ; discharge. 
 
 Dis-mount', v. i. To alight 
 from a horse, &c. — v. t. 
 To throw from a horse. 
 
 Dis/o-be'di-enge, n. Neglect 
 or refusal to obey, [to obey. 
 
 Dis^o-be'di-ent, a. Refusing 
 
 Dis^o-bey', v. t. To neglect 
 or refuse to obey. 
 
 Dis^o-blige', V. t. To offend. 
 
 DiS''o-blig'mg, a. Not grati- 
 fying; unkind. 
 
 Dis-6r'der, n. Confusion ; 
 disease. — v. t. To throw 
 into confusion ; to discom- 
 pose ; to make sick, [posed. 
 
 Dis-6r'dered, p. a. Indis- 
 
 Dis-6r'der-ly, a. Confused ; 
 lawless ; vicious ; irregular. 
 
 Dis-6r/gan-i-za'tion,n. Sub- 
 version of order. 
 
 Dis-6r'gan-ize, v. t. To 
 throw into utter disorder. 
 
 Di§-5wn', V. t. To refuse to 
 own ; to renounce. 
 
 Dis-pa,r'age, v. t. To injure 
 by depreciating compari- 
 sons. 
 
 Dis-par'age-ment (10), n. 
 Injurious comparison with 
 something else. — Syn. De- 
 traction ; derogation. 
 
 Dis-par'i-ty, n. Inequality. 
 
 Dis-part', v. t. or i. To part. 
 
 Dis-pas'sion-ate, a. Free 
 from passion; cool ; calm. 
 
 Dis-p3,tch', V. t. To send 
 away ; to put out of the 
 way ; to kill. — n. Speed ; 
 haste ; message sent. 
 
 Dis-p61', V. t. To drive away. 
 
 Dis-pen'sa-ble, a. Capable 
 of being dispensed or dis- 
 pensed with. 
 
 Dis-pen'sa-ry> n. Place for 
 dispensing medicines. 
 
 Dis'pen-sa'tion, n. Distri- 
 bution ; exemption from a 
 law. 
 
 Dis-pen'sa-tive, ) a. Ilav- 
 
 Dis-pen'sa-to-ry, ) ing pow- 
 er of granting dispensation. 
 
 Dis-pen'sa-to-ry, n. A book 
 telling how to compound 
 medicines. 
 
 Dis-pense', v. t. To deal out. 
 
 Dis-peo'ple, v. t. To depop- 
 ulate. 
 
 Dis-perse', v. t. To scatter. 
 
 Dis-per'sion, n. Act of scat- 
 tering, or state of being 
 scattered. 
 
 Dis-pir'it, V. t. To discour- 
 age, [place. 
 
 Dis-plage', r. t. To put out of 
 
 Dis-play', v. t. To spread 
 wide ; to open. — n. Exhi- 
 bition ; show. 
 
 Dis-plea§e', v. t. To give of- 
 fense to. — ^'. i. To disgust. 
 
 Dis-plea§'ure (-plezh/ur), n. 
 Slight anger ; pain received. 
 
 Dis-plode', v. To burst. 
 
 Dis-plo'§ion, n. A burst- 
 ing with noise. 
 
 Dis-port', n. Play ; sport ; 
 pastime. — v. i. To sport ; 
 to play : to wanton. 
 
 Dis-po§'al (11), n. Act of 
 disposing ; management. 
 
 Dis-p6§e', V, t. To place ; to 
 incline ; to adapt or tit. 
 
 Dis-po§ed', a. Inclined ; 
 minded. 
 
 Dis^po-si'tion (-zlsVun), n. 
 Order"; distribution ; tem- 
 per of mind. 
 
 Dis^pos-sess' (or -poz-zes'), 
 V. t. To put out of posses- 
 sion. 
 
 Dis-pos-s6s'sion (-pos-sesh/- 
 
 un or -poz-zesh'un), n. Act 
 
 of dispossessing. 
 Dis-praise' n. Censure ; 
 
 blame. —V. t. To blame. 
 Dis-probf , n. Refutation ; 
 
 confutation. 
 Dis''pro-p5r'tion, n. Want 
 
 of proportion or symmetry. 
 — i\ I. To make unsuitable. 
 
 Dls^pro-por'tion-al, I a. 
 
 Dis'pro-por'tion-ate, \ Un- 
 equal ; without proportion. 
 
 Dis-prpve', v. t. To confute. 
 
 Dis'pu-ta-ble, a. Capable of 
 being disputed. 
 
 Dis'pu-tant, n. One who dis- 
 putes or argues. 
 
 Dis'pu-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 disputing ; argumentation. 
 
 Dis'pu-ta'tious, a. Given to 
 dispute. 
 
 Dis-pute', V. t. or i. To de- 
 bate; to quarrel. — n. Con- 
 test in words. 
 
 Dis-quaVi-fi-ea'tion, n. That 
 which disqualifies. 
 
 Dis-qual'i-fy,r. «. To make 
 unfit ; to disable. 
 
 Dis-quT'et, v. t. To make 
 uneasy. — Syx. To disturb ; 
 vex ; fret. — n. Restless- 
 ness, [ness. 
 
 Dis-quPe-tude, n. Uneasi- 
 
 Dis/qui-§i'tion (-zTsh^un), n. 
 A formal discussion on any 
 subject : inquiry, 
 
 Dis're-gard', n. Slight; neg- 
 lect, —v. t. To slight. 
 
 Dis-rel'ish, n. Distaste ; dia- 
 Hke. 
 
 Dis-rep'u-ta-ble, a. Not 
 creditable : dishonorable. 
 
 Dis're-pute', n. Want of 
 reputation or esteem. 
 
 Dis're-sp6€t', n. Want of re- 
 spect ; incivility. 
 
 Dis're-spe€t'ful, a. Uncivil ; 
 rude. 
 
 Dis-robe', v. To undress. 
 
 Dis-rup'tion, n. Art of 
 breaking asunder ; breach. 
 
 Dis-sat'is-fa-e'tion, n. Dis- 
 content ; dislike ; displeas- 
 ure, [please. 
 
 Dis-sat^is-fy, v. t. To dis- 
 
 Dis-se-ct', ^•. t. To divide and 
 examine minutely. 
 
 Dis-se-e'tion, n. The act of 
 dissecting ; anatomy. 
 
 Dis-se€t'or, n. An anatomist. 
 
 Dis-seize', v. t. To dispossess. 
 
 Dis-sem'ble, v. t. To con- 
 ceal ; to feign. — v. i. To act 
 the hypocrite. 
 
 Dis-sem'i-nate, v. t. To scat- 
 
 «6n, or, do, W9lf, tcTo, tcTok ; flrn, rije, pi.iU ; f, soft; c, g, liard; a^ ; exist ; e as ng ; tiiis. 
 
DISSEMINATION 
 
 90 
 
 DIVARICATE 
 
 ter in various directions ; to 
 sow. 
 
 Dis-sem^i-na'tion, 71. Act of 
 disseminating. 
 
 Dis-sem'i-na''tor, n. One who 
 disseminates. 
 
 Dis-sen'sion, n. Contention ; 
 disagreement ; strife. 
 
 Dis-sent', v. i. To disagree ; 
 to differ. — n. Disagree- 
 ment, [sents. 
 
 Dis-sent'er, n. One who dis- 
 
 Dis-sen'tient, a. Disagreeing. 
 
 Dis^ser-ta'tion, n. A dis- 
 course ; essay ; treatise. 
 
 Dis-serv'ige, n. Injury done. 
 
 Dis~sev'er, v. t. To part in 
 two ; to disunite. 
 
 Dis-sev'er-ange, n. Act of 
 severing, [ment. 
 
 Dis'si-denge, n. Disagree- 
 
 Dis'si-dent, n. A dissenter. 
 — a. Dissenting. 
 
 Dis-sim'i-lar, a. Unlike. 
 
 Pis-simd-lar'_i-ty, ) n. Un- 
 
 Pis^si-mil'i-tude, ) like- 
 ness ; difference ; want of re- 
 semblance, [risy. 
 
 Dis-sim/_u-la'tion,n. Hypoc- 
 
 Dis'si-pate, v. t. To drive 
 asunder; to scatter. 
 
 Dis'si-pa^ted, a. Given to 
 pleasure ; dissolute ; loose. 
 
 Dis/si-pa'tion,n. Dispersion ; 
 a dissolute course of life. 
 
 Dis-so'ci-ate (-so/shi-), ^^ t. 
 To disunite ; to separate. 
 
 Dis-SQ/ci-a'tion (-so-shi-), n. 
 Separation ; division. 
 
 Dis'so-lu-ble, a. Capable of 
 being dissolved. 
 
 Dis'so-lute , a. Loose in mor- 
 als or conduct. 
 
 Dis'so-lute-ly, adv. In a 
 loose or wanton manner. 
 
 Dis^so-lu'tion, n. Act of dis- 
 solving ; death. 
 
 Dis-s61ve', v. t. or t. To 
 melt ; to liquefy ; to sepa- 
 rate ; to terminate. 
 
 Di§-s51v'ent, n. That which 
 dissolves. — a. Having pow- 
 er to dissolve. 
 
 Dis'so-nange, n. Discord. 
 
 Dis'so-nant, a. Discordant ; 
 harsh to the ear. 
 
 Dis-siiade' (-swadO, To 
 advise or exhort against. 
 
 Dis-sua'§ion, n. Act of dis- 
 suading. 
 
 Dis-sua'sive, a. Tending to 
 dissuade. — n. Argument 
 employed to deter. 
 
 Dis''syl-lab'i-e, a. Consisting 
 of two syllables only. 
 
 Dis-syl'la-ble, or Dis'syl-la- 
 ble, n. A word of two syl- 
 lables. 
 
 Dis'taff (18), n. 
 A staff from 
 w^hich flax is 
 drawn in spin- 
 ning. 
 
 Dis-tain', v. t. 
 To stain. 
 
 Dis'tange, n. Distaff. 
 Space between bodies ; re- 
 moteness ; reserve. — ^^ t. 
 To leave behind, as in a 
 race. 
 
 Dis'tant, a. Remote in time, 
 place, or connection, &c. — 
 Syn. Separate ; far ; indis- 
 tinct ; shy ; cool : haughty. 
 
 Dis-taste', n. Disrelish ; dis- 
 gust ; aversion. 
 
 Dis-taste'ful, a. Nauseous ; 
 offensive. 
 
 Dis-tem'per, n. A morbid 
 state of the body ; disease •, 
 malady. — v. t. To affect 
 with disease ; to disturb. 
 
 Dis-tend', v. t. To swell. 
 
 Dis-ten'tion, M. A stretching. 
 
 Dis'ti^h (dis^tik), n. A coup- 
 let, or two poetic lines. 
 
 Dis-tni' I (16), V. I. To fall in 
 
 Dis-til' ) drops ; to drop. — 
 V. t. To extract spirit from. 
 
 Dis/til-la'tion, n. The act of 
 distilling. [tills. 
 
 Dis-till'er, n. One who dis- 
 
 Dis-till'er-y, n. A place for 
 distilling. 
 
 Dis-tm-et', a. Separate ; dif- 
 ferent ; clear ; not confused. 
 
 Dis-tin-e'tion, n. Difference. 
 
 Dis-tin-et'ive, a. Marking 
 distinction or difference. 
 
 Dis-tin€t'ly, adv. In a dis- 
 tinct manner. [precision. 
 
 Dis-tin-et'ness,n. Clearness; 
 
 Dis-tin'guish (-ting/gwish), 
 V. t. To note the difference 
 between. — v. i. To make 
 distinctions. 
 
 Dis-tin'guish-a-ble, a. Ca- 
 pable of being distinguished. 
 
 Dis-tin'guished (-gwisht), a. 
 Eminent ; celebrated. 
 
 Dis-tort', V. t. To twist ; to 
 writhe. [torting. 
 
 Dis-tor'tion, n. Act of dis- 
 
 Dis-tra-et', v.t. To perplex; 
 to agitate ; to craze. 
 
 Dis-tra-et'ed, n. Deranged. 
 
 Dis-tra-e'tion, n. Confusion; 
 state of disordered reason. 
 
 Dis-train', v. t. To seize for 
 debt without legal process. 
 
 Dis-traint', n. A seizure for 
 debt. 
 
 Dis-tress', n. Act of dis- 
 training ; thing seized ; ex- 
 treme pain. — v.t. To pain ; 
 to afflict. 
 
 Dis-tr6ss'ing, a. Afflicting. 
 
 Dis-trib'ute, v. t. To divide 
 among a number. 
 
 Dis^tri-bu'tion, n. Act of dis- 
 tributing. 
 
 Dis-trib'u-tive, a. Distrib- 
 uting, or tending to do so. 
 
 Dis'tri-et, n. A circuit ; re- 
 gion ; tract. — v.t. To di- 
 vide into circuits. 
 
 Dis-trust', v. t. To suspect ; 
 to disbelieve. — n. Want of 
 confidence. 
 
 Dis-trust'ful, a. Suspicious. 
 
 Dis-turb', v. t. To perplex ; 
 to disquiet ; to agitate. 
 
 Dis-turb'anQC, n. Agitation ; 
 confusion ; tumult. 
 
 Dis-un'ion (-yun^yun), n. 
 Want of union. 
 
 Dis'u-nite', v. t. To separate. 
 
 Dis-fi§e', v. t. To cease to 
 make use of. [desuetude. 
 
 Dis-use', n. Cessation of use ; 
 
 Ditch (18), n. A trench in the 
 earth. — v. t. or i. To trench ; 
 to make a ditch. [before. 
 
 Dit'to, n. The same thing as 
 
 Dit'ty (19), n. A poem to be 
 sung. [urine. 
 
 DFu-ret'l^;, a. Promoting 
 
 Di ur'nal, a. Constituting a 
 day ; daily. 
 
 Di-v3,n', n. Turkish council 
 of state ; council chamber ; 
 kind of small sofa. 
 
 Di-var'i-<Jate, v. i. To di- 
 vide into two branches. 
 
 a, 6, 1, 0, u, y, long ; ii, 1, 5, u, ^ , short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vfiil, t6rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
DIVE 
 
 91 
 
 DOMESTICATE 
 
 Dive, V. {. To plunge under 
 water ; to go deep. 
 
 Di'ver, n. One who dives ; a 
 bird remarkable for diving. 
 
 Di-verge', v. i. To tend dif- 
 ferent ways from one point. 
 
 Di-var'genge, n. Gradual de- 
 viation from a point. 
 
 Di-ver'gent, a. Separating 
 from each other. 
 
 Di'verg, a. Several ; sundry. 
 
 DI'verse, a. Varied; differ- 
 ent ; various. 
 
 Dl'verse-ly,ajc/i'. Differently. 
 
 Di-ver/si-fi-ea'tion, n. The 
 act of making various. 
 
 Di-ver'si-fy, v. t. To make 
 diverse or various. 
 
 Di-ver'sion, n. A turning 
 aside ; sport ; amusement. 
 
 Di-ver'si-ty, n. Difference ; 
 unlikeness ; variety. 
 
 Di-vert', V, t. To turn aside; 
 to gratify ; to amuse. 
 
 Di-vert'ing, a. Pleasing. 
 
 Di-vert'i§e-ment, n. Diver- 
 sion. 
 
 Di-v6st', V. t. To strip, as 
 of clothes, arms, &c. 
 
 Di-vest'ure, n. Act of put- 
 ting off. [being divided. 
 
 Di-vid'a-ble, «. Capable of 
 
 Di-vide', V. t. To part or sep- 
 arate, as a whole. 
 
 Div'i-dend, n. Number to be 
 divided ; share divided. 
 
 Di-vid'er, n. One who, or 
 that which, divides; (pi.) 
 compasses, [ing. 
 
 Div'i-na'tion, n. A foretell- 
 
 Di-vine', a. Pertaining to 
 God. — n. A minister of the 
 Gospel. — V. To foretell. 
 
 Di-vme'ly, adu. In a godlike 
 manner. 
 
 Div'ing-bell, n. A machine 
 for going under water in. 
 
 Di-vin'i-ty,«. Divine nature!; 
 the Deity ; theology. 
 
 Di-vig/i-biPi-ty, n. Quality 
 of being divisible. 
 
 Di-vis'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being divided, [of dividing. 
 
 Di-vis'lonC-vizh/un), n. Act 
 
 Di-vi'sor, n. A number that 
 divides another. 
 
 Di-vdrge', n. Legal dissolu- 
 tion of marriage. — v. t. To 
 
 separate, as a husband and 
 
 wife 
 
 Di-vulge', V. t. To publish ; 
 
 to disclose or make known. 
 Diz'en, or Dl'zen, v. t. To 
 
 dress gaudily. 
 Diz'zi-ness, n. Giddiness ; 
 
 vertigo. 
 
 Diz'zy (13), a. Affected with 
 vertigo ; giddy. 
 
 Do, V. [imp. DID ; p. p. 
 DONE.] To act ; to per- 
 form ; to practice ; to exe- 
 cute ; to succeed ; to answer 
 the purpose. 
 
 DSq'iIc, a. Ready to be 
 taught. 
 
 Do-gil'i-ty, n. Teachableness. 
 
 D6ck, n. A place for ships; 
 a certain plant. — v. t. To 
 cut short. [dock. 
 
 D6ck'age, n. Pay for using a 
 
 Ddck'et, n. A label tied to 
 goods ; a register of cases in 
 court. — V. t. To mark with 
 titles. [naval stores. 
 
 D6ck'-yard, n. A yard for 
 
 D6c'tor, n. A title in divin- 
 ity, law, &c. ; a physician. 
 
 P6c'tor-ate, n. The degree 
 of a doctor. 
 
 D6€'tress, n. A female 
 physician. 
 
 D6€'tri-nal, a. Consisting in, 
 or containing, doctrine. — n. 
 Something that is part of 
 doctrine. 
 
 D6€'trine, n. ^Vhat is taught ; 
 a gospel truth ; tenet. 
 
 D6€'u-ment, n. Written in- 
 struction ; proof. 
 
 D6€'u-ment'al, ) a. Con- 
 
 D6e^u-ment'a-ry, ) sisting 
 in written evidence. 
 
 Do-de€'a-g6n, n. A figure of 
 twelve sides. 
 
 Do-d6€^a-he'dron, 
 n. A sohd having 
 twelve equal faco.«. 
 
 Dodge, V. i. To 
 start suddenly 
 aside. — v. t. To 
 evade by starting Dodecahe- 
 aside. 
 
 Doe (18), n. A female deer. 
 Dp'er, n. One who performs, 
 D6e§ (dttz), third person sing 
 indicative present of Do. 
 
 D6ff (1), V. t. To put off ; to 
 strip. 
 
 D6g,M. A domestic animal. — 
 V. t. To follow continually. 
 
 D6g'-day§, n. pi. The days 
 when the dog-star rises and 
 sets with the sun. 
 
 Ddg'ged, a. Sullen ; morose. 
 
 D6g'ged-ly, adv. Sullenly. 
 
 D6g'ger-el, n. A kind of ir- 
 regular measure in poetry. 
 
 DSg'ma (18), w. A settled 
 opinion ; a maxim ; a tenet. 
 
 Dog-mat'i€, ) a. Positive ; 
 
 Dog-m^t'i-e-al, j magiste- 
 rial. 
 
 D6g'ma-ti§m, n. Positive- 
 noss in opinion ; arrogance. 
 
 Dog'ma-tist, n. One who 
 dogmatizes. 
 
 Dog'ma-tize, v. i. To assert 
 positively without proof. 
 
 D6g'- tooth (21), n. A tooth 
 like a dog's. 
 
 D6g'-tr6t, n. A gentle trot. 
 
 Doi'ly ( 19), n. A small colored 
 napkin. 
 
 Dp'ingg, n. pi. Things done. 
 
 Doit, n. A small piece of 
 money ; a tritle. 
 
 Dole, n. A thing dealt out. 
 — V. t. To deal out in small 
 portions. 
 
 Dole'ful (17), a. Expre.«sing 
 or causing grief. — Syn. 
 Mournful; melancholy. 
 
 Dole's6me(-sum), a. Gloomy; 
 dismal. [for a child. 
 
 D611 (1), n. A puppet or baby 
 
 Ddl'lar, n. A silver coin of 
 the United States ; 100 cents. 
 
 Do'lor, n. Pain ; grief. 
 
 D61'or-ous, a. Sorrowful ; 
 painful. [fish. 
 
 D61'phin, n. A cetaceous 
 
 D51t. n. A stupid fellow. 
 
 Dolt'ish, a. Stupid ; blockish. 
 
 Do-main', n. Extent of ter- 
 ritory or sway. — Syn. Em- 
 pire ; dominion ; possession ; 
 estate. 
 
 Dome (18), n. An arched 
 roof or cupola. 
 
 Do-mes'ti€, a. Belonging to 
 home; tame. — n. A house- 
 servant, 
 
 Do-mes'ti-eate, v. t. To 
 make domestic or tame. 
 
 111' 
 
 s6n, or, dg, wglf, to"o, tdbk ; dm, rjje, p\ill ; 9, soft ; €, g, hard ; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
DOMICIL 
 
 92 
 
 DRAMA 
 
 D6m'i-gil, ) n. A permanent 
 Dom'i-gile, j dwelling. 
 D6m'i-Qile, I v. t. To es- 
 DonVi-giPi-ate, j tablish a 
 
 fixed residence. 
 Dom^i-QiPi-a-ry {or -sTl/3^a- 
 r> ), a. Pertaining to an 
 abode. [vailing. 
 D6m'i-nant, a. Ruling ; pre- 
 Dom/i-na'tion, n. Rule ; do- 
 minion, [with insolence. 
 Dom^i-neer', v. i. To rale 
 Do-mm'i-€al, a. Relating 
 
 to our Lord. 
 Do-mm'i-ean, n. One of an 
 order of monks, [authority. 
 Do-mm'ion. n. Sovereign 
 D6m'i-no (18), w. A hood or 
 
 cloak ; a game. 
 D6n, n. Spanish title. — v. t. 
 
 To put on. [to give. 
 
 Do'nate, v. t. To bestow ; 
 Do-na'tion, n. A gift ; a pres- 
 ent, [largess. 
 D6n'a-tive, n. A gift ; a 
 Done (dun), p. p. of Do. 
 Don'key (19), n. An ass or 
 nfule. 
 
 Do'nor, n. One who gives. 
 
 Ddbm, V. t. To sentence ; 
 to destine. — n. Sentence 
 given. [ment. 
 
 Ddbms'day, n. Day of judg- 
 
 D5or , n. The gate of a house ; 
 entrance. [a janitor. 
 
 Door'-keep^er, n. A porter ; 
 
 D6r'i€, a. Relating to an 
 order of architecture. 
 
 D6r'man-Qy, n. State of be- 
 ing dormant. [vate. 
 
 Dor'mant, a. Sleeping; pri- 
 
 Dorjmer,^ | ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^^^ 
 
 roof of a _ ' . , 
 house Dormer-window. 
 
 D6r'mi-to-ry, n. A place to 
 sleep in. 
 
 Dor'mouse (21), n. A small 
 animal resembling the squir- 
 rel in its habits, [back. 
 
 Dor'sal, a. Relating to the 
 
 Dose, n. As much medicine 
 as is taken at one time. — 
 V. t. To give in doses. 
 
 Dot, n. A point used in writ- 
 ing and printing. — v. t. To 
 mark with dots. 
 
 D5'tage, n. Imbecility of 
 mind from old age. 
 
 Do'tard, n. One whose mind 
 is impaired by age. [ment. 
 
 Do-ta'tion, n. An endow- 
 
 Dote (8), V. i. To be or be- 
 come silly through age, or 
 from love. 
 
 Doub'le (duba),a. Twofold; 
 in pairs; deceitful. — v. t. 
 To make twofold ; to fold ; 
 to pass round a headland. — 
 n. Twice the quantity. 
 
 Doub'le-deal^ing (dub/1-), n. 
 Dealing with duplicity. 
 
 Doub'let, n. A pair ; a waist- 
 coat ; {pi ) the same number 
 on both dice, &c. 
 
 Doub-lobn', n. A Spanish 
 coin of about sixteen dollars. 
 
 Doubt (dout), V. i. To be in 
 suspense; to hesitate. — v. 
 t. To distrust; to suspect. 
 
 — n. Hesitation; distrust. 
 Doubt'ful (dout/-), a. Uncer- 
 tain. ' [doubt. 
 
 Doubt'ful-ly, adv. With 
 Doubt'less (dout^less), adv. 
 
 Without doubt ; unques- 
 tionably, [gift ; bribe. 
 Dpu-geur' (doo-sQrO, n. A 
 D5ugh (do), n. Unbaked 
 
 paste of bread. 
 Dough'nut (do/-), n. A small 
 
 fried cake. 
 Dough'ty (do_w''ty),a. Brave. 
 Ddugh'y (do/y), a. Like 
 
 dough. [head into water. 
 Douse, V. To plunge over 
 Dove, n. A domestic pigeon. 
 D6ve'-e6t, ) n. A place 
 Dove '-house, ) for pigeons. 
 Dove'tail, n. A joint in form 
 
 of a dove's tail spread. — v. 
 
 t. To join by dovetail. 
 Dow'a-ger, n. A widow with 
 
 a jointure. 
 Dow'dy, n. An awkward, 
 
 ill-dressed woman. 
 Dow'el (8), u. To fasten 
 
 together by pins, as boards. 
 Dow'er, n. The portion of a 
 
 married woman or a widow. 
 "Dovjn., prep. Along a descent. 
 
 — adv. Below the horizon ; 
 
 on the ground ; below. — n. 
 
 Bank of sand ; level, sandy 
 
 land ; soft feathers or tender 
 
 hair. [ward. 
 Down'-east, a. Cast down- 
 Down'fall, n. A fall ; ruin. 
 Down'liill, n. Declivity ; 
 
 slope of a hill ; descent. — 
 
 a. Descending. 
 Down'right (-rit), a. Open; 
 
 plain. — adv. Plainly. 
 Down'ward, a. Descending. 
 
 — adv. To a lower place. 
 Down'y, a. Like down ; soft. 
 Dow'ry. See Dower. 
 Dox-61'o-gy, n. A short 
 
 hymn giving praise to God. 
 
 D5ze, V. i. To slumber. — n. 
 Imperfect sleep ; slumber. 
 
 Doz'en, a. or n. Twelve. 
 
 Doz'i-ness, n. Drowsiness. 
 
 Doz'y, a. Drowsy ; sleepy. 
 
 Drab, n. A strumpet. — a. 
 Of a dull brownish-yellow or 
 gray color. [gle. 
 
 Dra,b'ble, v. t. or i. To drag- 
 
 Dr^-chm (dram), \ n. 
 
 Drach'ma (drjlk^ma), j The 
 eighth part of an ounce. 
 
 Draff (l),n. Dregs ; refuse. 
 
 Draft, n. Act of drawing ; or- 
 der for money ; a sketch ; a 
 detachment. — v. t. To 
 draw ; to select. 
 
 Dr3,g, v.t. To pull with force. 
 
 — V. i. To be drawn along on 
 the ground. — n. A net ; a 
 harrow ; a kind of sledge. 
 
 Drag'gle, v. To draw or be 
 drawn on the ground. 
 
 Drag'o-man (21), n. An in- 
 terpreter. 
 
 Drag'on, n. A kind of fabu- 
 lous winged serpent. 
 
 Dr3,g'on-fly, n. An insect 
 with a long, slender body. 
 
 Dra-gdbn', n. A kind of 
 cavalry soldier. — v. t. To 
 persecute ; to force. 
 
 Drain, w. A channel for wa- 
 ter. — v. t. or i. To draw 
 off gradually ; to exhaust. 
 
 Drain'age, n. A draining. 
 
 Drake, n. The male of the 
 duck kind. 
 
 Dr&m, n. A glass of spirit; 
 eighth of an ounce troy. 
 
 Dra'ma, or Dra'ma (18), n. 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y , long ; i, 6, tl, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^it ; ere veil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
DRAMATIC 
 
 93 
 
 DRUDGERY 
 
 A theatrical composition ; a 
 play. 
 
 Dra-mat'i€, \a. Pertam- 
 Dra-mat'i€-al, j ing to the 
 drama. 
 
 Dram'a-tist, n. A dramatic 
 
 author or writer of plays. 
 Dram'a-tize, v. t. To repre- 
 sent in a drama. [Drink. 
 I Dr^nk, imp. & p. p. of 
 ! Drape, v. t. To cover with 
 drapery. [in cloths. 
 
 Dra'per, n. One who deals 
 Dra'per-y, n. The dress of a 
 picture or statue. [ive. 
 ; DrS,s'ti€, a. Powerful ; act- 
 Draught (draft), n. Act of 
 drawing ; quantity drank at 
 once ; delineation ; current 
 of air ; depth of water ; {pi.) 
 a game. 
 Draught'-horse (draft/-) n. 
 ! A horse for drawing. 
 I Draughts 'man (21), n. One 
 who draws writings or de- 
 i signs. 
 
 ! Draw, V. t. or r. [imp. drew ; 
 I p. p. DRAWN.] To pull; to 
 I allure ; to delineate. — n. 
 j Act of drawing ; a lot drawn. 
 S Praw'back, n. Hindrance; 
 t duty refunded on goods ; 
 I any loss. 
 
 ! Draw'-hridge, n. A bridge 
 to be drawn up or aside. 
 Draw-ee', n. One on whom 
 
 a bill is drawn. 
 Draw'er, n. One who draws 
 a bill ; a sliding box; [pi.) 
 \ an under garment for tlie 
 : legs. [sketch. 
 Draw'ing, n._ A delineation ; 
 Draw'ing-rdbm, n. A room 
 i for company, 
 t Drawl, V. t. or t. To speak 
 I in a slow, lengthened tone. 
 I Dr§.wn, p. p. of Draw. 
 I Dray, n. A low cart on 
 ' wheels. 
 Dread, n. Great and con- 
 tinuing fear ; terror. — v.t. 
 To be in great fear. — a. 
 ! Awful; terrible. 
 Dread'ful, a. Inspiring 
 
 dread ;* terrible ; shocking. 
 Dread'ful-ly, adv. Terribly. 
 Dread'naught (-nawt), n. 
 A very "thick cloth. 
 
 Dream, n. Thoughts in Pleep. 
 
 — V. i. or t. [imp. & p. p. 
 DREAMED, DREAMT.] To 
 think in sleep ; to fancy . 
 
 Dream'y, a. Full of dreams ; 
 
 visionary. [Dream. 
 Dreamt, imp. & p. p. of 
 Drear, I a. Sorrowful ; dis- 
 Drear'y, ) mal ; gloomy. 
 Drear'i-ness, n. Gloominess. 
 Dredge, n. An oyster-net. — 
 
 V. t. To sprinkle flour on ; 
 
 to gather with a dredge. 
 Dr6dg'ing-b6x, n. A box 
 
 for sprinkling with flour. 
 DrSg'gy, a. Containing 
 
 dregs. 
 
 Dreg§, w. pi. Lees ; refuse. 
 
 Drench, v. t. To wet thor- 
 oughly. — n. A draught; a 
 potion of medicine. 
 
 Dress (2), v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 DRESSED ; DREST.] To 
 
 clothe ; to deck ; to cook ; 
 
 to cover a wound ; to make 
 
 straight. — n. Clothes worn ; 
 
 garments. 
 Dress'er, n. One who dress- 
 es ; a kitchen table ; shelves 
 
 for dishes. 
 Dr6ss'ing-rdbm, n. A room 
 
 to dress in. 
 DrSss'y, a. Showy in dress. 
 Drib'ble, v. i. To .^laver. 
 Drib'blet, ) n. A small quan- 
 Drib'let, j tity ; petty sum. 
 Drift, n. Design ; pile of 
 
 snow or sand. — v. i. or t. 
 
 To float ; to form in heap.-s. 
 Drill (1), n. A tool for boring 
 
 holes. — V. t. To bore ; to 
 
 train by exercise. 
 Drill'-plow, ) n. A plow 
 Drill'-plough, ) for sowing 
 
 in drills. 
 Drmk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 DRANK.] To swallow liquor. 
 
 — v.t. To swallow; to im- 
 bibe. — n. Liquor of any 
 kind for drinking. 
 
 Drink'er, n. One who drinks. 
 
 Drip, V. i. To fall in drops. 
 
 Drip'pmgs, n. pi. Fat fall- 
 ing from roasting meat. 
 
 Drive, V. t. [imp. drove ; 
 p. p. DRIVEN.] To urge ; to 
 compel ; to carry on. — v. i. 
 To rush on ; to be impelled. 
 
 — n. Excursion in a carriage. 
 Driv'el (drivel, 8), v. i. To 
 
 slaver ;to dote. — n. Slaver. 
 Driv'el-er, I n. A simpleton; 
 Driv'el-ler, j a dotard. 
 Driv'en,/). p. of Drive. 
 Driv'er, n. One who drives. 
 Driz'zle, n. F\ne rain or mist. 
 
 — V. i. To fall in small 
 drops or fine rain. 
 
 Driz'zly, a. Shedding very 
 
 small drops. 
 Droll, a. Comical; odd. 
 Droll'er-y, n. Buffoonery 5 
 
 low sport ; idle jokes. 
 Drom'e-da-ry 
 
 (drtim'' ), n. 
 
 A camel with 
 
 one hump on | 
 
 the back. 
 Drone, n. The _ , 
 
 male bee ; a Dromedary. 
 
 sluggard. — v. i. To live 
 
 idly. 
 
 Droop, V. i. To pine ; to lan- 
 guish ; to be dispirited. 
 
 Dr6p, n. A globule of moist- 
 ure ; a small quantity ; an 
 ear-ring ; part of a gallows. 
 
 — 1?. To fall in drops. — 
 V. i. To let fall. [dropsy. 
 
 Dr6p'si-eal, a. Diseased with 
 
 Drdp'sy, n. A morbid collec- 
 tion of water in the body. 
 
 Dr6ss, n. Scum of metals. 
 
 Dr6ss'y, a. Full of dross. 
 
 Drought, ) n. Dry weather ; 
 
 Drouth, I dryness ; thirst. 
 
 Drought'y (drowt^-), j a. 
 
 Drouth'y, ) Dry ; 
 
 wanting rain. 
 
 Drove, imp. of Drive. — n. A 
 number of cattle driven. 
 
 Drov'er, n. One who drives 
 cattle. 
 
 Drown, v. t. To suffocate in 
 water; to overflow. — v. i. 
 To be suffocated in water. 
 
 Drowse, v. i. To grow heavy 
 with" sleep ; to doze. 
 
 Drow'si-ness, n. Sleepiness. 
 
 Drow'gy, a. Sleepy ; heavy. 
 
 Drub, n. A thump; a blow. 
 
 — v.t. To beat soundly. 
 Drudge, v. i. To labor in 
 
 mean offices ; to toil ; to 
 slave. — n. A slave to work. 
 Drudg'er-y, n. Hard labor. 
 
 Bdn, 6r, dQ, wplf, tcTo, tcTok ; firn, rye, p^U ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
DRUG 
 
 94 
 
 DYE 
 
 Dr&g, n. Any substance used 
 in medicine. — v. t. To ad- 
 minister drugs to. [cloth. 
 
 Drug-'get, n. A coarse woolen 
 
 Drug'f ist, n. One who deals 
 in drugs. [priest. 
 
 Dru'id, n. An ancient Celtic 
 
 Drii-id'i-e-al, a. Pertaining 
 to the Druids. 
 
 Drum, n. A military instru- 
 ment ; part of the ear. — 
 V. i. To beat a drum. 
 
 Drum'-ma'jor, n. The chief 
 drummer. [a drum. 
 
 Drum'mer, n. One who beats 
 
 Drum'stick, n, A stick for 
 beating drums. 
 
 Driink, a. Intoxicated; in- 
 ebriated, [to drunkenness. 
 
 Drunk'ard, n. One addicted 
 
 Drunk'en, a. Intoxicated. 
 
 Drunk'en-ness, n. Intoxica- 
 tion ; inebriation. 
 
 Drupe, n. A fruit without 
 valves, as the plum. 
 
 Dry (13), a. Not moist ; 
 thirsty ; sarcastic ; keen. — 
 V. To make or grow dry. 
 
 Dry'ad, n. A wood-nymph. 
 
 Dry'-g(5bd§, n. pi. Cloths, 
 &c., in distinction from 
 groceries. [castically. 
 
 Dry'ly, adv. Coldly ; sar- 
 
 Dry'ness, n. Want of moist- 
 ure-, thirst ; drouth, [ber. 
 
 Dry'-r6t, n. A decay of tim- 
 
 Du'al, a. Expressing the 
 number two. [two. 
 
 Du-3,l'i-ty, n. State of being 
 
 Diib, v.t. To confer a title on. 
 
 Dii'bi-ous, a. Of uncertain 
 issue ; not clear or plain ; 
 doubtful. [duke. 
 
 Du'€al, a. Pertaining to a 
 
 Du€'at, n. A coin of several 
 countries of Europe. 
 
 Duch'ess, n. Wife of a duke. 
 
 Duch'y, n. Territory of a 
 duke. 
 
 Duck, n. A water-fowl ; a 
 kind of canvas. — v. To 
 plunge underwater ; to nod 
 or stoop. 
 
 Duck'ing, n. Immersion of 
 the head in water. 
 
 Dii€t, n. A tube ; a canal ; a 
 passage. [ble. 
 
 Du€'tile, a. Easily led ; flexi- 
 
 Du-C-til'l-ty, n. The quality 
 of being easily extended. 
 
 DMg'eoii (duj/un), n. A 
 small dagger ; malice. 
 
 Duds, n. pi. Old clothes. 
 
 Due, a. Owed; owing; prop- 
 er. — adv. Directly ; exact- 
 ly.— n. A debt; right; 
 claim. [two^ 
 
 Du'el, n. A fight between 
 
 Du'el-ing, j n. A fighting in 
 
 Du'eMing, ) single combat. 
 
 Du'el-ist l(8),w. A frequent 
 
 Du'el-list ) fighter in duels. 
 
 Du-en'na, n. An old woman. 
 
 Du et', n. A musical piece 
 for two performers. 
 
 Dug, n. A teat, especially of a 
 beast. — r., imp. 8c p. p. of 
 Dig. [highest rank. 
 
 Duke, n. A nobleman of the 
 
 Duke'ddm, n. Estate of a 
 duke. [ous. 
 
 DuPget, a. Sweet ; harmoni- 
 
 DuPQi-mer, n. A musical in- 
 strument played with sticks. 
 
 Dull, a. Stupid ; slow ; blunt. 
 — V. t. To blunt; to stupe- 
 fy. — 'V. i. To become blunt. 
 
 DulPard, n. A stupid person. 
 
 DulPness, I n. State of being 
 
 DuPness, j dull. 
 
 Du'ly, adv. Fitly ; properly. 
 
 Dumb (ddm), a. Mute; in- 
 capable of speech. 
 
 Dumb'-bSlI (dtim/-), n. A 
 weight for swinging in the 
 hands. 
 
 Diimb'-sh5w {dum^-), n. 
 Gesture without words. 
 
 Dump'ish, a. Stupid ; mop- 
 ing, [small pudding. 
 
 Diimp'ling, n. A kind of 
 
 Diimps, n. pi. A moping 
 state. 
 
 Diimp'y, a. Short and thick. 
 
 Dun, a. Of a dark color; 
 gloomy ; obscure. — n. A 
 dark color ; a clamorous 
 creditor. — v. t. To urge for 
 a debt. 
 
 Dunge, n. A blockhead ; dolt. 
 
 Dun'-fish, n. Codfish cured 
 in a particular manner. 
 
 Dung, n. Excrement of ani- 
 mals ; manure. 
 
 Dun'geon (ddn/jun), n. A 
 close prison. 
 
 Du'o, n. A duet. 
 
 Du^o-deg'i-mal, a. Proceed- 
 ing by twelves. 
 
 Du^o-deg'i-mo (1?), n. A book 
 with 12 leaves to a sheet. 
 
 Du^o-de'num, n. The first 
 of the small intestines. 
 
 Dupe, n. One easily deceived. 
 
 — V. t. To impose on. 
 Du'pli-eate, v. t. To double. 
 Du'pli-eate, n. An exact 
 
 copy. — a. Double ; twofold. 
 
 Du/pli-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 doubling. 
 
 Du-pliQ'i-ty, n. Doublenes* 
 of art or speech ; dissimu- 
 lation ; deceit. 
 
 Du'ra-biPi-ty, n. Power of 
 lasting without perishing. 
 
 Du'ra-ble, a. Lasting; per- 
 manent. 
 
 Du'ran^e, n. Imprisonment. 
 
 Du-ra'tion,n. Lengthof time. 
 
 Du'ress, or Du-ress', n. Con- 
 straint ; confinement. 
 
 Dur'in^ , prep . Continuing. 
 
 Durst, imp. of Dare. 
 
 Dusk', a. Slightly dark ; dark- 
 ish. — n. A tending to dark- 
 ness. 
 
 Diisk'y, a. Partially dark. 
 
 Diist, n. Very fine particles 
 of dry earth. — v. t. To 
 brush dust from. [dust. 
 
 Dust'y, a. Covered with 
 
 Du'te-ous, a. Fulfilling duty ; 
 obedient ; dutiful, [duties. 
 
 Dii'ti-a-ble (13), a. Subject to 
 
 Du'ti-ful, a. Obedient to par- 
 ents ; respectful. 
 
 Du'ty (19), n. What one is 
 bound to perform ; military 
 service ; obedience ; tax. 
 
 Dwarf, n. A person or plant 
 beiow the common size. — 
 V. t. To hinder from grow- 
 ing. — a. Below the natural 
 size. 
 
 Dwarfish, a. Below the usual 
 size ; little ; low. 
 
 Dwfell, V. [imp. DWELLED, 
 
 DWELT.] To live in a place ; 
 
 to inhabit ; to reside. 
 DwglPing, n. A mansion. 
 Dwm'dle, V. i. To become 
 
 less ; to fall away. 
 Dye, V. t. To color ; to stain. 
 
 — n. Coloring liquor ; tinge. 
 
 &, S, 1, 5, ii, long; S, Y, 6, tt, j^, short ; cSre, car, &sk, all, wh^t ; gre, veil, t5rm ; pique, firm i 
 
DYEING 
 
 95 
 
 EDGE 
 
 Dye'ing (11), p. pr. Staining. 
 
 — n. Art of coloring cloths. 
 Dy'er, n. One whose trade is 
 
 to color cloths, &c. 
 Dy'ing (12), Expiring. 
 
 — p. a. Pertaining to death. 
 Dy-n3an'i€S, n. sing. That 
 
 branch of mechanics which 
 treats of bodies in motion. 
 
 Dy'nas-ty, n. A race of kings 
 cf the same family. 
 
 Dys'en-ter^y, n. A bloody 
 discharge from the bowels, 
 attended with griping pains. 
 
 Dys-pSp'sy, ) n. Indiges- 
 Dys-p6p'si-a, ) tion, or diffi- 
 culty of digestion. 
 Dys-pep'ti€, a. Afflicted with 
 indigestion or relating to it. 
 — n. A person afflicted with 
 dyspepsy. 
 
 E. 
 
 EACH, a. Every one sepa- 
 _ rately. 
 Ea'ger, a. Keenly desirous. 
 Ea'gle (18), 
 n. A bird- 
 of prey ; a 
 _ gold coin. 
 Ea'glet, n. 
 A young Eagle, 
 eagle. 
 
 Ear, n. The organof hearing ; 
 
 a spike of corn. — v. i. To 
 ^ shoot into ears. 
 £arl, n. A nobleman ranking 
 ^ below a marquis. 
 EarPdom, n. Dignity of an 
 _ carl. 
 
 Ear'less, a. Without ears. 
 
 £ar'li-ness, n. State of being 
 
 _ early ; geasonableness. 
 
 Ear'Iy, a. Being in good time 
 or season ; soon. — adv. 
 
 ^ Soon ; in good time. 
 
 Earn, v. t. To gain by labor. 
 
 fiar'nest, a. Eager ; diligent. 
 — n. Seriousness ; pledge. 
 
 fiarn'ingg, n.pl. The rewards 
 
 _ of service. [ear. 
 
 Ear'-nng, n. Jewel for the 
 
 Earth, n. Mold or fine par- 
 ticles of the globe ; the 
 world ; land ; country. 
 
 fiarth'en, a. Made of earth 
 
 _ or clay. [earth. 
 
 Earth'ly, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Earth'quake, n. A shaking 
 or trembling of the earth. 
 
 fiarth'y, a. Consisting of, or 
 
 _ relating to, earth. 
 
 Ear'- wax, n. A thick matter 
 
 _ secreted in the ear. 
 
 Ear'wig, n. An insect. 
 
 Ea§e, n. Freedom from pain ; 
 
 Easel. 
 
 rest ; facility, -r— v. t. 
 
 relieve from pain. 
 Ea'§el («/zl), 71. A 
 _ painter's frame. 
 Eage'ment, n. 
 
 Ease ; relief. 
 Ea'§i-ly,o.i/t'.With 
 _ ease ; gently. 
 Ea'gi-ness, n. 
 
 State of being 
 _ easy ; ease. 
 
 East, n. Quarter where the 
 sun rises. — a. From or to- 
 _ ward the rising sun. 
 East'er, n. Feast of Christ's 
 _ resurrection. 
 
 East'er-ly, a. Pertaining to 
 the east. — adv. Toward the 
 
 _ cast. [the east. 
 
 East'ern, a. Being in or from 
 
 East'ward, adv. Toward the 
 east. 
 
 £a'§y, a. Free from anxiety ; 
 _ not difficult. 
 
 Eat, V. [imp. ATE ; p. p. 
 EAT, EATEN.] To take 
 food ; to feed ; to consume ; 
 
 _ to corrode. 
 
 Eat'a-ble, a. Fit to be eaten. 
 
 _ — 71. Any thing to be eaten. 
 
 Eaveg, w. pL Edges of a roof. 
 
 Eave§'dr6p-per, n. An in- 
 sidious listener. 
 
 Ebb {S),v. i. To flow back ; 
 to decay ; to decline. — n . 
 
 ^ Reflux of the tide ; decline. 
 
 Ebb'-tide, n. Reflux of a tide. 
 
 Eb'on, a. Like ebony. 
 
 Eb'on-y, n. A hard, heavy 
 wood, generally black. 
 
 E-brPe-ty, n. Drunkenness. 
 
 £b/ul-li'tion (-lish^un), n. 
 Act of boiling. 
 
 E-C-gSn'tri-C, ) a. Deviating 
 
 E-e-Qen'tri€-al, ) from the 
 
 ^ center ; irregular. 
 
 E€'Qen-triQ'i-ty, n. Devia- 
 tion from the center ; ir- 
 regularity, [man. 
 
 E€-€le/§i-as'ti€, n. A clergy- 
 
 E€-€le'§i-as'ti€, I a. Per- 
 
 E<;-€le^si-as'ti-c-al, ) tuiuiug 
 to the church or clergy. 
 
 fi^h'o (18), n. A sound re- 
 flected or reverberated. — 
 V. i. or t. To reverberate 
 or resound. 
 
 E-elat' (e-klaO, n. Striking 
 effect ; applause ; renown. 
 
 E€-le«'ti€, a. Selecting. 
 
 E€-16€'ti-Qism, 71. The prac- 
 tice of selecting from difler- 
 ent systems. 
 
 E-cHpse', 71. Obscuration of 
 the lightof a heavenly body. 
 — V. t. To darken. 
 
 E-elip'ti€, n. Apparent path 
 
 ^ of the sun. 
 
 E€'16gue, n. A pastoral poem. 
 E/€0-n6m'i-e-al, a. Saving ; 
 
 frugal ; thrifty. [frugal. 
 E-c6n'o-mist, n. One who is 
 E-€6n'o-mize, v. t. To use 
 
 with economy. — v. i. To 
 
 be economical. 
 E-«6n'o-my, n. Frugal use 
 
 of money or means ; manage- 
 ^ ment of any undertaking. 
 E-e'sta-sy, ti. Excessive joy ; 
 
 rapture ; enthusiasm. 
 E-e-stat'i€, a. Transporting. 
 fi€''u-men'i-e-al, a. General, 
 fid'dy (19), n. Circular mo- 
 tion of water. —f. t. To 
 
 move as in an eddy. 
 Edge, n. Sharp side ; keen- 
 
 Bon, 6r, dQ, w^lf, tob, tcfok ; <im, rije, p\ill ; 9, soft; «, g, hard; ; exist; 0 as ng ; this. 
 
EDGED 
 
 96 
 
 ELECT 
 
 ness ; brink. — v. t. To 
 
 sliarpen. 
 "Edged (tyd), a. Sharp. 
 Edg'ing, n. A narrow lace ) 
 ^ a border. [sirument. 
 £dge'-tobl, n. A cutting in- 
 Edge'wige, adv. In the di- 
 ^ rection of the edge. 
 Ed'i-ble, a. Fit to be eaten. 
 E'di-et, n . A law promulgated ; 
 ^ a decree. 
 
 £;d/i-fi-ea'tion, n. A build- 
 ^ ing up ; instruction, [ure. 
 Ed'i-fiQe, n. A large struct- 
 Ed'i-fy, V. t. To build up or 
 _ instruct ; to improve. 
 E'dlle, n. A Roman magis- 
 ^ trate. [lication. 
 fid'it, V. t. To prepare for pub- 
 E-di'tion (-djsh/un), M. Im- 
 ^ pression of a book. 
 !Ed'i-tor, n. One who edits, or 
 ^ prepares for publication. 
 Edd-to'ri-al, a. Pertaining to 
 ^ an editor. [an editor. 
 
 Ed'i- tor-ship, n. Business of 
 Ed'u-cate, v. t. To bring up. 
 
 — Syn. To instruct ; train ; 
 ^ teach. [cates. 
 Ed'u-ea/tor,n. One whoedu- 
 fid^u-ca'tion, n. Instruc- 
 ^ tion ; formation of manners. 
 Ed/u-ca'tion-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to education. 
 E-duge', v. t. To draw out; to 
 elicit ; to extract, [like fish. 
 Eel {18), n. A kind of snake- 
 Ef-fage', v. t. To scratch or 
 rub out ; to erase, [facing. 
 Ef-fage'inent, n. Act of ef- 
 Ef-fe€t^ n. That which i? 
 done ; result ; {pi.) goods. — 
 v.t. To bring to pass ; to ac- 
 complish. 
 Ef-fe-ct'ive, a. Able for serv- 
 ice. — Syn. Efficient ; effi- 
 cacious ; active. 
 Ef-fe-et'u-al, a. Producing 
 effect. [effect. 
 Ef-fe-et'u-al-ly, adv. With 
 Ef-fe€t'u-ate, v. t. To bring 
 to pass. [delicacy. 
 Ef-f6m'i-na-Qy, n. Womanish 
 Ef-fem'i-nate,a. Womanish; 
 
 weak ; unmanly. 
 Ef/fer-v6sge', v. i. To boil 
 gently and throw out an 
 elastic gas. 
 
 Ef/fer-ves'genge, n. Act of 
 
 ^ effervescing. 
 
 Ef/fer-ves'Qent, a. Gently 
 
 boHing or bubbling. 
 Ef-fete', a. Barren ; worn out. 
 Ef^fi-ca'cious,a. Productive 
 ^ of effects. [duce. 
 Ef'fi-ca-gy, n. Power to pro- 
 Ef-fi'cien-gy (-fish/en-), n. 
 
 Power of producing effect. 
 Ef-fPcient (-tish/ent), a. 
 
 Producing effect. [person. 
 £f'fi-gy (19), n. Image of a 
 Ef flo-resge', v. i. To form a 
 mealy powder on the sur- 
 face. 
 
 f;f' flo-res'genge, n. Act of 
 efflorescing ; production of 
 flowers ; time of flowering ; 
 
 ^ an eruption. 
 
 Ef/flo-res'gent, a. Shooting 
 
 ^ out like flowers. 
 
 Ef flu-enge, n. A flowing out. 
 
 Ef-flu'vi-um, n. {pi. Ef-flu'- 
 vi-a, 25.) Exhalations from 
 
 ^ putrefying substances. 
 
 Efflux, n. A flowing out ; 
 effusion. 
 
 Effort (ef furt), n. Exertion 
 of strength ; endeavor. 
 
 Ef-front'er-y, n. Impudence. 
 
 Ef-fiil'genge, n. A flood of 
 light ; luster. 
 
 Ef-ful'gent, a. Shining with 
 a flood of light ; luminous. 
 
 Ef-fu§e', V. t. To pour out. 
 
 Ef-fu'sion, n. A pouring out. 
 
 Ef-fu'sive, a. Pouring out. 
 
 Eft, n. A kind of lizard. 
 
 Egg (3), n. A body formed 
 in the females of birds, and 
 some other animals, from 
 which their young is pro- 
 duced. 
 
 Eg'lan-tme, n. The sweet- 
 
 _ brier ; the honeysuckle. 
 
 E'go-ti§m, n. Self-commen- 
 dation ; vanity. 
 
 E'go-tist, n. One always 
 talking of himself. 
 
 E/go-tist'i-e, la. Addicted 
 
 E/go-tist'i-e-al, ) to egotism ; 
 conceited ; full of self. 
 
 E-gre'gious (-gre/jus), a. 
 Remarkable ; extraordinary. 
 
 E-gre'gious-ly, adv. Enor- 
 _ mously ; remarkably. 
 
 E'gress, ti. Act of going out. 
 
 E-grSs'sion (-gresh^un), n. 
 
 _ Act of going out ; egress. 
 E'gret, n. The lesser white 
 heron. [to Egypt. 
 
 E-gyp'tian, a. Pertaining 
 
 Ei'der-down (i/der-),n. Soft 
 feathers of the eider duck. 
 
 Eight (jit), a. Twice four. 
 
 Eigh'teen (a^teen), n. Ten 
 and eight ; twice nine. 
 
 Eighth (atth), a. Next after 
 the seventh. 
 
 Eighth'ly (atth^ly), adv. In 
 
 _ the eighth place. 
 
 Ei'tiier (either or Fther), a. 
 or pron. One or the other ; 
 one of two ; each. [out. 
 
 E-ja-c'u-late, v. t. To throw 
 
 E-j3,€''u-la'tion, n. A short 
 exclamation or prayer. 
 
 E-ja€'u-la-to-ry, a. Sudden- 
 ly darted out. 
 
 E-je€t', V. t. To cast out. 
 
 E-je-e'tion,n. A casting out. 
 
 E-je€t'ment, n. Ejection ; 
 
 ^ a writ to gain possession. 
 
 £ke, V. t. To increase; to 
 lengthen. — adv. Also ; 
 moreover, [duce with labor. 
 
 E-lab'o-rate, v. t. To pro- 
 
 E-lab'o-rate, a. Finished with 
 great care. [elaborating. 
 
 E-lab''o-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 
 E-l&pse', V. i. To pass away. 
 
 E-las'ti-c, a. Having elastici- 
 
 _ ty . — n. A kind of garter. 
 
 E/las-tig'i-ty,n. The proper- 
 ty by which bodies recover 
 a former state after being 
 bent or compressed. 
 
 E-late', a. Flushed with 
 success. — V. t. To puff up. 
 
 E-la'tion, n. Elevation of 
 mind ; vanitv ; pride. 
 
 El'b5w (18), n. The bend of 
 the arm. — v. To push 
 
 ^ with* the elbow, [with arms. 
 
 El'bow-chair, w. A chair 
 
 Eld'er, a. Having lived 
 longer. — n. An older per- 
 son ; an ecclesiastical officer ; 
 
 ^ a kind of tree. 
 
 Eld'er-ly, a. Somewhat old. 
 
 Eld'est, a. Oldest. 
 
 EPe-cam-pane', n. A plant 
 whose root has a pungent 
 taste. 
 
 E-16€t', V. t. To choose for 
 
 a, e, T, o, u, 5^, long ; S, 6, i, o, ii, y , short ; cSre, car, ask, all, what ; ere, vgU, t5rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
ELECTION 
 
 97 
 
 EMBASSY 
 
 office ; to prefer. — a. Chos- 
 en. — n. One chosen. 
 
 E-16€'tion, n. Power of 
 choosing ; choice. 
 
 E-lgo'tion-eer', t>. t. To 
 make interest for office. 
 
 E-16€t'ive, a. Relating to, or 
 regulated by, choice. 
 
 E-le€t'or, n. One who elects 
 or has the right of voting. 
 
 E-16€t'or-al, a. Belonging 
 to an elector or to elections. 
 
 E-le-e'tri€, I a. Pertaining 
 
 E-le€'tri€-al, J to electricity. 
 
 E^le€-tri'cian (-trish^an), n. 
 One versed in electricity. 
 
 "B^le-c-triQ'i-ty, n. A subtle 
 natural agent or power ; sci- 
 ence that treats of this agent. 
 
 r lee'tri fy, v. t. To com- 
 jiunicate electricity to ; to 
 excite. 
 
 E-16€'tro-mag''net-i§ni, n. 
 Magttetisni produced or af- 
 fected by electricity. 
 
 E-l§€'tro-type, n. A fac- 
 simile in metal deposited by 
 an electro -chemical process. 
 
 E-le€t'u-a-ry, n. A me- 
 dicinal confection made of 
 powders. 
 
 £pee-m6s'y-na-ry, a. Given 
 
 ^ in, or living on, charity. 
 
 El'e-ganj5e, n. Quality of 
 being elegant; beauty pro- 
 
 ^ duced by training and art. 
 
 El'e-gant, a. Pleasing by 
 acquired beauty or grace. 
 
 E-le'gi-a€, or £pe-gPa€, a. 
 Belonging to, or used in, 
 
 - elegy. [egy. 
 
 EPe-gi'a€-al, a. Used in el- 
 
 fil'e-gist, n. Writer of elegies. 
 
 El'e-gy, n. A funeral poem. 
 
 EFe-ment, n. Constituent 
 
 ^ part of a thing, [elements. 
 
 EFe-mSnt'al, a. Relating to 
 
 EPe-ment'a-ry, a. Primary. 
 
 EPe-phant, 
 The largest of 
 quadrupeds. 
 
 El'e-vate, v. t. 
 To raise to a 
 higher place. „ 
 — S Y N. To exalt ;"elate. 
 
 EFe-va'tion, n. Act of rais- 
 
 ^ ing ; a high station. 
 
 El'e-va^tor, n. One who, or 
 
 •y,tt. irrimary. 
 Elephant. 
 
 that which, elevates ; a con- 
 trivance for lifting grain. 
 
 E-lev'en, n. Ten and one. 
 
 Elf,n. (p^. Elves, 20.) Adi- 
 
 ^ minutive spirit. 
 
 Elfin, I a. Pertaining to 
 
 Elfish, j elves. 
 
 E-liQ'it, V. L To draw forth. 
 
 EFi-gi-bil'i-ty, n. Fitness to 
 
 ^ be chosen to office. 
 
 El'i-gi-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 ing elected ; desirable. 
 
 E-lim'i-nate, v. t. To cause 
 to disappear from an equa- 
 tion ; to set aside as unim- 
 portant j to deduce. 
 
 E-liS'ion, n. The cutting off 
 ofli vowel. 
 
 E-lix'ir, n. A compound tinct- 
 ure or medicine. 
 
 Elk, n. A 
 species of 
 stag. 
 
 fill (1), n. 
 A measure 
 of different 
 lengths. 
 The Eng- Elk. 
 lish ell is forty -five inches. 
 
 El-lipse',»t. An 
 oval figure. 
 
 El-lip'sis, n. {pi. 
 El-lip'se§.) In 
 grammar ^ the Ellipse, 
 omission of a word or phrase. 
 
 El-lip'ti€, I a. Oval ; hav- 
 
 El-lip'ti€-al, ) ing a part 
 omitted 
 
 fiFlip-tig'i-ty, n. Deviation 
 from the form of a circle or 
 
 ^ sphere. 
 
 Elm, n. A kind of shade- 
 tree. 
 
 EPo-€u'tion, n. Pronuncia- 
 
 ^ tion or delivery of words. 
 
 EPo-cu'tion-a-ry, a. Relat- 
 
 ^ ing to elocution. 
 
 EFo-^ju'tion-ist, n. One who 
 is versed in elocution. 
 
 E 16n'gate (-long/gate), v. t. 
 
 _ To draw out in length. 
 
 E^lon-ga'tion, n. A lengthen- 
 ing ; distance. 
 
 E-16pe', V. i. To run away 
 with a lover. 
 
 E-lope'ment, n. A departure 
 
 ^ clandestinely. 
 
 fil'o-quenge, n. Beauty, 
 
 power, and appropriateneM 
 ^ of language. 
 
 EPo-quent, a. Speaking with 
 
 eloquence or elegance. 
 Else, pron. Other ; beside. — 
 ^ adv. Otherwise. 
 Else'whSre, adv. In somt 
 
 other place. 
 E-lu'gi-date, v. t. To explain. 
 E-lu^Qi-da'tion, n. Explana- 
 tion, [elucidates. 
 E-lu'gi-da'tor, n. One who 
 E-lude', V. t. To escape by 
 sti-atagcm. — Syn. To avoid; 
 shun; evade; flee. [sion. 
 E-lu'§ion, n. Escap« ; eva- 
 E-lu'sive, a. Tending to 
 
 elude ; eluding. 
 fiPvish, a. Relating to elves; 
 
 elfish. [Elysium ; blissful. 
 E-ly§'ian, a. Pertaining to 
 E-ly§'i-um (-lizh^-um), «. 
 In mythology^ the abode of 
 the good after death ; any 
 delightful place. 
 E-ma'ci-ate (-ma/shl-), v. i. 
 
 To lose flesh. 
 E-ma'ci-a'tion ( -shT-a^shun), 
 
 n. Act of becoming lean. 
 Em'a-nant, a. Emanating; 
 
 issuing. [forth. 
 Em'a-nate, v. i. To flow 
 Em/a-na'tion, n. A flowing 
 
 forth ; that which flows. 
 E-man'Qi-pate, v. t. To free 
 
 from servitude. 
 E-man^Qi-pa'tion, tt. Act of 
 emancipating. — Syn. Lib- 
 eration ; release ; freedom. 
 E-man'gi-pa'tor, n. One who 
 
 frees from slavery. 
 Em-balm' (-bamO, v. t. To 
 impregnate with aromatics. 
 Em-bank', v. t. To inclose 
 with a bank. [or bank. 
 Em-b^nk'ment, n. A mound 
 Em-baf'go (18), n. Prohibi- 
 tion of vessels from sailing. 
 Em-bark', v. t. To enter on 
 ^ board ; to engage, 
 fim/bar-ka'tion, n. A going 
 on boar'l. [plex. 
 Em-bar'rass, v. t. To per- 
 Em-bar'rass-ment, n. Per* 
 plexity ; pecuniary distress. 
 Em-bas'sa-dor, n. A public 
 ^ minister of the first rank. 
 Em'bas-sy, n. Duty of an 
 
 «<5n, or, do, W9lf, tdo^ took ; Qrn, rije, pyll ; 9, soft ; g. hard; a§ ; exist : fi as ng ; 
 7 
 
 this. 
 
EMBED 
 
 embassador ; persons sent as 
 euibassadors. [a bed. 
 
 Em-bed', ^•. t. To lay as in 
 Em-bel'lish, v. t. To make 
 
 beautiful by adornment. 
 Em-bel'lish-ment, w. Act of 
 ^ adorning ; decoration. 
 Em'berg, n.pl. Hot cinders. 
 Em-bez'zle, v. t. To appro- 
 priate by breach of trust. 
 Em-bez'zle -ment, n. Unlaw- 
 ful appropriation of what is 
 intrusted to one's care. 
 Em-bla'zon, v. t. To adorn 
 with figures of heraldry ; to 
 deck in glaring colors. 
 Em-bla'zon-ry, n. Display of 
 
 figures on shields. 
 Em'blem., n. A picture or 
 representation ^ imaging 
 forth a truth 4 "a type. 
 Em/blem-at'i«, I a. Com- 
 Em/blem-at'i-e-al, ) prising 
 
 an emblem. 
 Em-b6d'y, v. t.To form into 
 
 a body ; to incorporate. 
 Em-bold'en, v. t. To give 
 
 courage to. 
 Em-bon-point' (ong^bong^ 
 pwong'), n. Plumpness of 
 person. [protuberances. 
 Em-boss', v.t. To adorn with 
 Em-bou-Qhure' (ong/bob/- 
 shyr'), n. Mouth of a river 
 cannon, &c. ; mouth-hole 
 of a flute, &c. 
 Em-bow'el (8), v. To take 
 out the bowels of. [a bower, 
 Em-bow'er, v.t. To place in 
 Em-brage', v. i. To clasp in 
 the arms ; to comprise. — 
 V. i. To join in an embrace. 
 — n. Clasp with the arms. 
 Em-brage'ment, n. A clasp ; 
 
 a hug ; an embrace. 
 Em-bra'sure 
 (-briVzhiir), 
 w. An open- 
 ing in a wall 
 through 
 which can- 
 
 non are inu parapet, 
 pointed. 
 ^:m'b^o-eate,^^ t. To moisten 
 and rub, as a diseased part. 
 £m'l3ro-ea'tion, n. A moist- 
 ening and rubbing with 
 cloth, &c., a diseased part. 
 
 imbrace. 
 E E, Embrasures 
 
 Em-broid'er, v. t. To cover 
 with ornamental needle- 
 work, [needle-work. 
 Em-brcid'er-y , n. Yariegated 
 Em-broil' (8), v. To dis- 
 turb ; to confuse. 
 Em'bry-o (18), n. First rudi- 
 ments of an animal or plant. 
 Em^en-da'tion, n. Correc- 
 tion. 
 
 Em'en-daaor, n. One who 
 corrects or improves, [ing. 
 E-mend'a-to-ry, a. Amend- 
 Em'er-ald, n. A precious 
 
 stone of a green color. 
 E-merge', v. i. To rise out of 
 a fluid. 
 
 E-mer'gen-gy, n. A rising 
 out of a fluid ; a sudden oc- 
 casion ; pressing necessity. 
 E-mer'gent,a. Rising out of 
 a fluid or the like. [of. 
 E-mer'sion, 71. A rising out 
 Em'er-y, n. A mineral used 
 
 in polishing. 
 E-met'i€, a. Producing vom- 
 iting. — n. A medicine that 
 causes vomiting. [grates 
 Em'i-grant, n. One who emi^ 
 Em'i-grate, i'. i- To remove 
 from one country or state to 
 ^ another for residence. 
 Em'i-gra'tion, n. Act of re- 
 moving to another country. 
 Em'i-nenge, n. Loftiness ; dis- 
 tinction ; a title of cardinals. 
 Em'i-neiit, a. Exalted in 
 rank or public estimation ; 
 distinguished ; conspicuous. 
 Em'i-nent-ly, adv. Conspicu- 
 ously ; in a high degree. 
 Elm'is-sa-ry, n. Secret agent. 
 E-mis'sion (-mish^un), n. 
 
 Act of sending out. 
 E-mit'(7), ^^ f. To send out. 
 fim'met, n. An ant. 
 E-m61'li-ate, v. t. To soften. 
 E-moll'ient, a. Softening. 
 E-mol'u-ment, n. Profit; 
 
 advantage ; gain in general. 
 E-m6'tion, n. Excitement of 
 
 the feelings ; agitation 
 Em-pale', v. t. To inclose 
 with pickets ; to fix on 
 stake. [paling. 
 Em-pale'ment, w. Act of em 
 Em-p6r'il, v. t. To put in 
 peril. 
 
 ENAMEL 
 
 Em'per-or, n. Sovereign of an 
 ^ empire. 
 
 Em'pha-Sis, n. Eorce of voice 
 ^ given to particular words. 
 Em'pha-size, v. t. To utter 
 
 with a stress of voice. 
 Em-phat'i-e, \ a. Forcible ; 
 Em-phat'i<5-al, j strong ; 
 
 uttered with emphasis. 
 Em-phat'i-e-al-ly, adv. With 
 ^ emphasis or force ; forcibly. 
 Em'pire, n. Dominions of an 
 emperor. ^ [A quack. 
 Em-pir'i€, or Em'pir-i€, n. 
 Em-pir'i-e-al, a. Used and 
 
 applied without science. 
 Em-pir'i-Qigm, n. Quackery. 
 Em-ploy', V, t. To use ; to 
 exercise. [employs. 
 Em-ploy'er, n. One who 
 Em-ploy 'ment, n. Busine&<' ; 
 
 service ; occupation ; agency. 
 Em-p5'ri-um, n. A place of 
 merchandise ; a mart. [ize. 
 Em-pow'er, v. t. To author- 
 Em'press, n. Wife of an em, 
 peror, or a woman who gov- 
 erns an empire. 
 Em-pri§e', n. Enterprise. 
 Emp'ti-ness, n. State of 
 
 being empty ; vacuity. 
 Emp'ty (13), a. Void; not 
 filled. — V. To exhaust; to 
 make void. [beer,&c. 
 Emp'ty-ing§, n.pl. Lees of 
 Em-pj^r'e-al, a. Formed of 
 
 pure fire or light. 
 Em^py-re'an, n. The highest 
 heaven, thought by the an- 
 cients to be of pure fire. — 
 a. Empyreal. [equal. 
 Em'u-late, v. t. To strive to 
 5m/u-la'tion, n. Ilivalry. 
 Em'u-la'tive, a. Inclined to 
 
 contend for superiority, 
 fim'u-lous, a. Kivaling. 
 E-mul'sion, n. A softening 
 
 medicine. 
 E-mul'sive, a. Mollifying. 
 En-a'ble, v. t. To make able. 
 En-a-et', V. t. To establish 
 by law. [a bill into a law. 
 En-a,€t'ment, n. Passage of 
 En-a€t'or, n. One who enacts. 
 En-a.m'el, n. Substance im- 
 perfectly vitrified ; smooth, 
 hard covering of the teeth. 
 • V. t. To cover with enameL 
 
 5,0,1, o, a, y , Ions ; e, T , 6, tl, short ; care, car, iifik, all, >vh?t ; ore, veU, term ; pique, fin-, j 
 
ENAMOR 
 
 99 
 
 ENJOIN 
 
 En-3,m'or, v. t. To inflame 
 with love ; to make fond. 
 
 En-€amp', v. To form, or 
 form into, a camp. 
 
 En-€amp'ment, n. . Act of 
 pitching tent.** or forming a 
 camp ; a camp. 
 
 En-€aus'ti€, a. orn. Paint- 
 ing in heated or burnt wax. 
 
 En-chain', v. t. To fasten 
 with, or hold in, a chain. 
 
 En-chant', v. t. To charm. 
 
 En-chant'ment, n. Fascina- 
 tion ; irresistible inflnence. 
 
 En chant'ress, n. A woman 
 who enchants. 
 
 En-Qhase', v. t. To adorn by 
 embossed work. 
 
 En-gir'-ele, v. t. To inclose by 
 a circle. — Syn. To embrace ; 
 encompass; surround. 
 
 En-clit'i-c, ) a. Inclining 
 
 En-elit'i€-al, j or leaning 
 upon. 
 
 En-clo§e', v. t. See Inclose. 
 
 En-<;6'mi-ast, n. One who 
 praises another. 
 
 En-eo/mi-ast'i-e, a. Contain- 
 ing praise. [gyric. 
 
 En-eo'mi-um (18), w. Pane- 
 
 En-€6in'pass, v. t. To shut 
 in ; to inclose. 
 
 En-€ore' (ong-korO- A word 
 used to call for a repetition 
 of some performance. 
 
 En-€Oun'ter, n. A sudden 
 meeting ; combat. — v. t. 
 To meet face to face or sud- 
 denly . — V. i. To meet, es- 
 pecially as enemies. 
 
 En-eour'age, v. t. To give 
 cour?ge to. [citement. 
 
 En-eoiir'age-ment, n. In- 
 
 En-€otir'a ging, a. Favoring. 
 
 En-eroach', v. i. To intrude 
 on another's rights. 
 
 En-eroach'ment, n. Unlaw- 
 ful intrusion ; inroad. 
 
 En-cum'ber, v. t. To impede 
 action by a load or burden. 
 
 En-cum'brange, n. A load ; 
 clog ; burden on an estate. 
 
 En-gy-c'li-e-al, a. Sent to 
 many persons ; circular. 
 
 En-gyz-elo-pe'di-a, I n. A 
 
 En-Qy^-elo-psB'di-a, ) work 
 that embodies the whole cir- 
 cle of sciences. 
 
 En-Qyst'ed, a. Inclosed in a 
 
 ^ cyst. 
 
 End, n. Extreme point: ulti- 
 mate object ; close ; death. 
 — V. ?'. To come or bring 
 to an end ; to terminate. 
 
 EA-dan'ger, v. t. To put to 
 
 , hazard. [dear. 
 
 En-dear', v. t. To render 
 
 En-dear'ment, n. That 
 which excites affection. 
 
 En-deav'or (33), n. Effort ; 
 attempt. — v. i. To try. 
 
 En-d6m'i€, a. Peculiar to a 
 
 ^ country or people. 
 
 End'ing, n. Termination. 
 
 End'less, a. Having no end. 
 
 En-dorse', v. t. See' Indorse. 
 
 En-dow', V. t. To furnish 
 with dower, or with a fund. 
 
 En-dow'ment, n. Act of 
 settling a fund ; dower ; tal- 
 ents, [endow. See Indue. 
 
 En-due', v. t. To invest ; to 
 
 En-dur'a-ble (11), a. Capable 
 of being endured or borne. 
 
 En-diir'anQe, n. Sufferance. 
 
 En-dure', v. i. To continue. 
 
 ^ — V. t. To bear or undergo. 
 
 En'e-my (19), n. A foe ; an 
 
 ^ adversary. 
 
 En^er-get'l-e, ) a. Operat- 
 
 En/er-g6t'i€-al, ( ing with 
 vigor. — Syn. Forcible ; po- 
 
 ^ tent ; active ; vigorous. 
 
 En'er-gize, v. To act or em- 
 
 ^ ploy with energy. 
 
 En'er-gy, n. Internal 
 strength ; force of expres- 
 sion. — Syn. Yigor ; spirit. 
 
 E-ner'vate, v.t. To deprive 
 of nerve or strength. 
 
 En/er-va'tion, n. Act of 
 weakening. 
 
 En-fee'ble, v. t. To weaken. 
 
 En-fee'ble-ment, n. A weak- 
 ening ; enervation. 
 
 En-feoff' (-tef/), v.t. To in- 
 
 ^ vest vvith a fee. 
 
 En/fi-lade', n. A straight 
 line. — V. t. To rake with 
 shot through the whole 
 length of. [execution. 
 
 En-forge', v. t. To put in 
 
 En-f5rQe'ment (10), n. Act 
 of enforcing ; compulsion. 
 
 En-fran'chise (-chiz), v. t. 
 To set free." 
 
 En-fran'chT§e-ment, n. Act 
 of setting free. 
 
 En-gage', v. To bind; to 
 enlist ; to encounter. 
 
 En-gaged', a. Promised. 
 
 En-gage'ment, n. Promise; 
 obligation ; a battle. 
 
 En-gag'ing, a. Attractive; 
 wiiming. 
 
 En-gen'der, v. t. To beget; 
 
 ^ to procreate ; to produce. 
 
 En'glne, n. An instrument 
 
 ^ of action ; machine. 
 
 En'gin-eer', n. One skilled in 
 mathematics and mechan- 
 ics, and who superintends 
 works for military or civil 
 
 ^ objects. [engineer. 
 
 En'gin-eer'ing, n. Art of an 
 
 En'gme-ry,n. A combination 
 of engines. 
 
 En-gird', v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 ENGIRDED, ENGIRT.] To 
 encompass; to encircle. 
 
 En'glish (ing/glish), a. Per- 
 taining to England. — n. 
 The people or the language 
 of England. [grain. 
 
 En-gr3,in', v. t. To dye in 
 
 En-grave', v. t. [ivip. en- 
 graved;;?, p. engrav- 
 en.] To cut with a chisel 
 or graver. [graves. 
 
 En-grav'er, n. One who en- 
 
 En-grav'ing, n. The art of 
 engraving; that which is 
 engraved. 
 
 En-gross', v. t. To seize or 
 buy' the whole of; to ab- 
 sorb ; to copy in a large, 
 fair hand. 
 
 En-gross'er, n. A monopoliz- 
 er ; one who writes a large, 
 fair hand. 
 
 En-grcss'ment, n. Act of 
 engrossing ; exorbitant ac- 
 quisition. 
 
 En-giilf', V. t. To throw in- 
 to, or absorb in, a gulf. 
 
 En-hange', v. t. To heighten 
 in price ; to aggravate. 
 
 En-hange'ment, n. In- 
 crease. 
 
 E-nig'ma (18), n. A riddle. 
 E^nig-mat'l-e, \ a. Con- 
 E^nig-mat'l^-al, j taining a 
 
 riddle ; obscure. 
 En-join', v. t. To command ; 
 
 son, or, dg, W9lf, too, t^Tok ; tlrn, rije, pyll ; f, soft; g, hard; as ; exist ; ii as ng ; th^ 
 
ENJOY 
 
 100 
 
 EPHEMERAL 
 
 to order ; to forbid judicial- 
 ly- 
 
 En-joy', V. t. To feel or per- 
 ceive with pleasure ; to pos- 
 sess, [beiug enjoyed. 
 
 En-joy'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 En-joy'ment, n. Possession 
 with pleasure ; fruition. 
 
 En-km'dle, v. t. To set on 
 fire. 
 
 En-large', v. To swell; to 
 increase; to amplify. 
 
 En-large'ment, n. Increase 
 of bulk : release. 
 
 En-light'en (-IWn), v. t. To 
 illuminate ; to instruct. 
 
 En-list', V. To enter on a 
 hst ; to enroll. [listiag. 
 
 En-list'ment, n. Act of en- 
 
 En-liv'en (-liv^n), v. t. To 
 animate ; to cheer. [ity. 
 
 £n'mi-ty, n. Hatred ; hostil- 
 
 En-n5'ble, v. t. To make 
 noble. [ennobling. 
 
 En-no'ble-ment, n. Act of 
 
 En-nui' (ong-nweeO, n. Las- 
 situde; languor. 
 
 E-nor'mi-ty, n. Atrocious- 
 ness ; flagitious villainy. 
 
 E-nor'mous, a. Beyond all 
 natural or ordinary limits. 
 — Syn. Immense ; excessive. 
 
 E-nor'mous-ly, adv. Be- 
 yond measure ; atrociously. 
 
 E nough' (e-nuf ), «• Suf- 
 ficient. — n. Sufficiency. — 
 adv. Sufficiently. 
 
 En-quire', v. t. See Inquire. 
 
 En-rage', v. t. To fill with 
 rage ; to provoke to fury. 
 
 En-rapt'ure (-rapt/yijr), tJ. t. 
 To throw into rapture. 
 
 En-rav'ish, v. t. To throw 
 into ecstasy ; to enchant. 
 
 En-rich', v. t. To make rich. 
 
 En-rich'mGnt,n. The state of 
 being enriched. [involve. 
 
 En-r511', v. t. To register ; to 
 
 En-roll'ment, ) n Aregister- 
 
 En-rol'ment, j ing; record. 
 
 En-sam'ple, n. An example. 
 
 En-s-eonge', ^^ t. To shelter. 
 
 En-shrine', v. t. To inclose in 
 
 ^ a chest ; to lay up choicely. 
 
 En'si-form, a. Sword-shaped. 
 
 fin'sign (on/sIn), n. A stand- 
 ard, or the officer that car- 
 ries it ; a flag ; a badge. 
 
 En'slgn-gy (-Rln-), n. Rank 
 or commission of an ensign. 
 
 En-slave', v. t. To deprive of 
 liberty ; to subject. 
 
 En-slave'ment, n. Servi- 
 tude ; slavery. 
 
 En-sue', v. i- To follow as a 
 consequence ; to succeed. 
 
 En-sure' (-shijr/), v. t. See 
 Insure. 
 
 En-tab'la-ture, n. Part of a 
 column over the capital. 
 
 En-tail', n. An estate limited 
 in descent. — v. t. To settle 
 an estate so as to descend to 
 a particular heir. 
 
 En-tail'ment, n. Limitation 
 of an estate to a particular 
 heir. 
 
 En-tan'gle, v.t. To make in- 
 tricate ; to perplex ; to in- 
 volve, [cy. 
 
 En-tarj'gle-ment, n. Intrica- 
 
 En'ter (8), v. t. or i. To go or 
 
 ^ come in ; to embark in. 
 
 En'ter-prige, n. An under- 
 
 ^ taking ; a bold attempt. 
 
 En'ter-prig'ing, a. Bold or 
 resolute to undertake. 
 
 EiVter-tain', v. t. To treat 
 
 ^ with hospitality ; to amuse. 
 
 Enaer-tain'er, n. One who 
 entertains. 
 
 En/ter-tain'ing,a. Amusing. 
 
 fin^ter-tain'ment, n. Hospi- 
 tality ; amusement. 
 
 En-throne', v. t. To place on 
 a throne. [enthroning. 
 
 En-throne'ment, n. Act of 
 
 En-thii'§i-a§m, n. Ardent 
 zeal in respect to some ob- 
 ject or pursuit ; heat of im- 
 agination. 
 
 En-thu'§i-a§t, n. One whose 
 imagination is heated. 
 
 En-tliii^gi-ast'i-e, a. Full of 
 enthusiasm. [evil. 
 
 En-tige', v. t. To incite to 
 
 En-tiQe'ment, n. The act or 
 means of alluring. 
 
 En-tire', fl. Forming an un- 
 broken whole. — Syn. Com- 
 plete ; unbroken ; full. [ly. 
 
 En-tire'ly, adv. Wholly ; ful- 
 
 En-tire'ness, | n. Fullness ; 
 j En-tire'ty, j complete- 
 ness ; wholeness, [right to. 
 I En-ti'tle, V. t. To give a 
 
 En'ti-ty, n. Real existence. 
 En- tomb' (-tobm'), v.t. To 
 ^ deposit in a tomb. 
 En/to-moi'o-gist, n. One 
 ^ versed in entomology. 
 En^to-mdl'D-gy, n. Science 
 ^ or description of insects. 
 En'trails, n. pi. The bowels ; 
 ^ intestines. [coming in. 
 En'trange, n. A going or 
 En-trange', v. t. To put into 
 
 a trance or into ecstasy. 
 En-trap', v. t. To catch in a 
 
 trap. [to beg. 
 
 En-treat', v. t. To supplicate ; 
 En-treat'y, n. Urgent prayer 
 ^ or petition. [age. 
 En'try, n. Entrance; pass- 
 En-twine', ) v. t. To twist 
 En-twist', ) round ; to 
 
 wreathe. _ [ber. 
 E-nu'mer-ate, v. t. To num- 
 E-nu^mer-a'tion, n. A num- 
 bering, [oning up. 
 E-nii'mer-a-tive, a. Reck- 
 E-nun'ci-ate (-nun/shi-), v. 
 
 t. To declare ; to utter. 
 E-niin'ci-a'tion (-nun/shi-), 
 
 n. Utterance of words. 
 En-vel'op, v. t. To cover by 
 
 wrapping or folding. — n. 
 ^ A wrapper. [cover. 
 En'vel-ope, n. A wrapper ; a 
 En-vel'op-ment, n. A wrap- 
 ping or enfolding. 
 En-ven'om, v. t. To poison. 
 En'vi-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 ^ exciting envy ; desirable. 
 En'vi-ous, a. Feeling envy ; 
 ^ full of envy. [envy. 
 En'vi-oiis-ly, adv. With 
 En-vi'ron, v. To surround. 
 En-vi'ron-ment, n. Act of 
 
 surrounding. 
 En-vi'rons, or En'vi-rons, 
 ^ 17 . pi. Places around a town. 
 En'voy, n. a public minis- 
 ^ ter to a foreign court. 
 En'vy, V. t. To repine at 
 
 another's good ; to grudge. 
 
 — n. Pain excited by an-^ 
 
 other's prosperity. 
 E'pa€t, n. Excess of the solar 
 
 month beyond the lunar. 
 Ep'au-let, I n. A knot or 
 Ep'au-lette^ j badge worn 
 
 on the shoulder. 
 E-phSm'e-ral, a. Lasting 
 
 R, C ,1 , 5, u, y, long ; 5, 6, 6, tt, short { cSre, car, ask, all, what-; ore, veil, term ; pVque, firm ; 
 
EPHEMERIS 
 
 101 
 
 ERMINE 
 
 but one day, or for a very 
 
 short time. 
 E-phem'e_-ris, n. {pi. Eph^e- 
 
 mer'i-des.) An astronomic- 
 ^ al almanac. [Jewish priests. 
 Eph'od, n. A girdle worn by 
 Ep'i€, fi. Containing heroic 
 
 narration. — n. An epic or 
 ^ heroic poem. 
 
 Ep'i-eure, n: A luxurious 
 
 ^ and dainty eater. 
 
 Ep'i-cu're-an, a. Luxurious ; 
 
 ^ sensual. — n. An epicure. 
 
 Ep'i-cu-rism, n. Devotion to 
 luxurious living. 
 
 fip^i-dem'ie, J a. Com- 
 
 Ep/i-dem'i€-al, i mon ; gen- 
 
 ^ erally prevailing, [disease. 
 
 Ep/i-dem'i^;, n. A prevailing- 
 
 Ep'i-der'mis, n. The cuticle. 
 
 £lp''i-gl6t'tis, n. A cartilage 
 that prevents food entering 
 
 ^ the wind-pipe. [ed poem. 
 
 Ep'i-gram, n. A short, point- 
 
 Ep'i-gram-mat'i€, I ^ 
 
 £p^i-gram-mat'i€-al, j 
 
 ^ Pointed ; poignant. 
 
 fip/i-gram'ma-tist, n. A 
 
 ^ dealer in epigrams. 
 
 !Ep'i-lep^sy, n. The falling 
 
 ^ sickness. [epilepsy. 
 
 Ep'i-lep'ti€, a. Diseased with 
 
 £p'i-16gue (-15g), n. A short 
 speech or poem after a play. 
 
 E-piph'a-ny, n. A festival 
 on the 12th day after Christ- 
 mas. 
 
 E-pis'€0-pa-Qy, n. Church 
 
 government by bishops. 
 E-pis'€0-pal, a. Pertaining to 
 
 bishops. 
 E-pis^-co-pa'li-an, n. One 
 
 who adheres to episcopacy. 
 E-pis'€0-pate, n. A bishop- 
 ^ ric ; a diocese. 
 Ep'i-sode, n. An incidental 
 
 narrative ; a digression. 
 E-pis'tle (e-pis/l),n. A letter. 
 E-pis'to-la-ry, a. Contained 
 
 in letters. [inscription. 
 fip'i-t3,ph, n. A monumental 
 Ep'i-thet, n. An adjective. 
 E-pit'o-me (18), n. An 
 
 abridgment. 
 E-pit'o-mist, ) n. One who 
 E-pit'o-miz/er, ) abridges. 
 E-pit'o-mize, v. t. To 
 
 abridge. 
 
 fip'o-eh, n. A remarkable 
 ^ period or point of time. 
 Ep'ode, n. The third or last 
 _ part of an ode. 
 E^qua-biPi-ty,n. Uniformity. 
 E'qua-ble, a. Equal and uni- 
 _ form. [formity. 
 E'qua-bly, adv. "SMth uni- 
 E'qual, a. Like in amount or 
 degree; uniform. — n. One 
 of the same age or rank. — 
 V. t. or /. (8) To make or 
 become equal. 
 E-qual'i-ty, n. State of being 
 _ equal ; uniformity ; likeness. 
 E'qual-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 _ equalizing. [equal. 
 E'qual-ize, v. t. To make 
 E'qual-ly, adv. In the same 
 _ degree. [of mind. 
 
 E^qua-nim'i-ty, n. Evenness 
 E-qua'tion, n. An expression 
 of the equality of two quan- 
 tities. 
 
 E-qua'tor, n. A great circle 
 _ midway between the poles. 
 E^qua-t5'ri-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the equator. 
 E-quer'ry, I n. One who has 
 Eq'ue-ry, ] the care of the 
 
 horses of nobles or princes. 
 E-qu6s'tri-an, a. Pertaining 
 _ to horses or horsemanship. 
 E^qui-an'gu-lar, a. Having 
 _ equal angles. 
 
 E''qm-dis'tant,a. Being at the 
 _ same distance, [sides equal. 
 E^qui-lat'er-al, a. Having the 
 E^qui-lib'ri-ty, n. Equality 
 _ of weight ; equilibrium. 
 E^qui-lib'ri-um, n. Equi- 
 _ poise. [horses, 
 E'qmne, a. Pertaining to 
 E^qui-no-e'tial, n. The celes- 
 tial equator. — a. Pertaining 
 _ to the equinox. 
 E'qui-nox, n. The time when 
 the days and nights are of 
 equal length, [arm. 
 E-quip', V. t. To dress ; to 
 Eq'ui-page, n. Retinue, as 
 
 horses, carriages, &c, 
 E-quip'ment, n. Act of 
 equipping ; apparatus fur- 
 _ nished. [weight or force. 
 E'qui'poise, n. Equality of 
 E^qui-pon'der-ange, n. 
 Equality of weight. 
 
 E'qui-p6n'der-ant, a. Hav- 
 
 ^ ing the same weight. 
 Eq'ui-ta-ble, a. Giving or 
 disposed to give each his 
 ^ due. 
 
 Eq'ui-ta-bly, adv. ImpartiaL- 
 ^ ly ; justly. 
 
 Eq'ui-ty (ek^wl-ty), n. Jus- 
 tice ; impartiality. 
 
 E-quiv'a-lenQe, n. Equality 
 of value. 
 
 E-quIv'a-lent, a. Equal in 
 value. — n. That which is 
 equal in value or worth. 
 
 E-quiv'o-eal,a. Ambiguous ; 
 doubtful. 
 
 E-quiv'o-€ate, v. i. To use 
 words of double meaning. 
 
 E-quiv/o-ea'tion, n. Am- 
 biguity of speech. 
 
 E-quiv'o-ea'tor, »i. One who 
 
 ^ equivocates. 
 
 Eq'ui-voke, ] n. An ambig- 
 Eq'ui-voque, ) uous term ; 
 _ a quibble. 
 
 E'ra (18), n. A point or period 
 of time from which to com- 
 pute. 
 
 E-raMl-a'tion, n. Emission 
 of rays or beams of light. 
 
 E-rM'i-€ate, v. t. To root 
 out, [rooting out. 
 
 E-rad^i'€a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 E-ras'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being erased, 
 
 E-rase', v. t. To blot out ; to 
 efface ; to rub or scrape out ; 
 to obliterate. 
 
 E-ras'ure (-ra''zhi]r), n. Act of 
 
 ^ erasing or rubbing out. 
 
 Ere (ar), a^/r. Before ; sooner 
 thsin. —prep. Before. 
 
 E-re€t', a. Upright ; perpen- 
 dicular ; bold. — V. t. To 
 build ; to establish. 
 
 E-re-e'tion, n. A setting up- 
 right ; act of building. 
 
 Jlre'long (ar/long), a</tJ. Be- 
 fore a long time. 
 
 fir 'got, n. A protuberance on 
 a horse's leg ; an excres- 
 cence on gram ; a spur. 
 
 fir'mine, n. 
 An animal 
 
 s6n, or, dg, W9lf, to"o, tdbk } Uru, rue, pyll ; 9, ^, soft ; c, g, hard; a§ ; epst ; as ng ; this. 
 
EROSION 
 
 102 
 
 EULOGIZE 
 
 E-ro'sion, n. An eating ; 
 
 a cancer. 
 Err, V. i. [imp. erred.] To 
 
 wander ; to mistake. 
 Jr'rand, n. A message, [ing. 
 Er'rant, a. Wandering ; rov- 
 Er'ra,nt-ry, n. Errant state. 
 Er-rat'i-e, n. Wandering. 
 Er-ra'tum, n. {pi. Er-ra'ta, 
 
 25). Error or mistake in 
 _ printing or writing. [Err. 
 Err'ing, p. pr. 8c p. a. from 
 Er-ro'ne-ous, a. Wrong ; 
 
 false. [mistake. 
 Er-ro'ne-ous-ly, adv. By 
 Er'i-or, n. A mistake ; blun- 
 _ der ; sin. 
 
 Erst, ar/v. At first ; long ago. 
 Er'u-bes'cent,a. Red; blush- 
 ^ ing ; ruddy. 
 
 Er^u€-ta'tion, n. A belching. 
 Er'u-dite, a. Learned. 
 Er'ii-di'tion {-dish^un), n. 
 
 Knowledge ; learning. 
 E-rup'tion, n. A breaking 
 
 forth ; pustules on the skin. 
 E-rup'tive, a. Bursting out ; 
 
 having eruption. 
 £r^y-sip'e-las, n. A kind of 
 
 fever in which the skin is 
 ^ inflamed. 
 
 Er^y-si-pel'a-tous, a. Re- 
 
 ^ sembling erysipelas. 
 
 Es^-ca-lade', n. A scaling of 
 walls. — V. t. To mount by 
 ladders. 
 
 Es-cape', v.t. To avoid ; to 
 shun by flight. — v. i. To 
 hasten away. — n. Act of 
 avoiding ; flight. 
 
 Es-cape'ment, n. 
 Part of a time- 
 piece which regu- 
 lates its move- 
 
 ^ ments. 
 
 Es/<jha-r6t'i€, a. 
 Caustic. — 71. A 
 caustic applica- 
 tion. 
 
 Es-cheat', n. A fall- 
 ing of lands to the lord of 
 the fee cr to the state for 
 want of heirs. [avoid. 
 
 Es-chew', V. t. To shun or 
 
 Es'-eort, n. A guard. 
 
 Es-eort', v. t. To attend and 
 guard. [writing desk. 
 
 £s^-eri-toir' (-tworO, n. A 
 
 a. \:iruuu jur iduu. 
 
 I'eon ''c jr 
 
 ), n. A I 
 coat of I I 
 
 fis'-cu-lent, a. Good for food 
 
 Es-«ut ch'eon 
 (-kutch^un), 
 shield or coat 
 
 ^ arms. 
 
 Es^o-ter'i-e, a. Secret. Es- 
 
 Es-pal'ier,n. A frame cutch- 
 for fruit-trees. 
 
 Es-pe'cial {-pesh^al), a. Prin- 
 cipal ; chief ; peculiar, [ly. 
 
 Es-pe'cial-ly, af/f. Peculiar- 
 
 Es'pi-on-age. w. Practice of 
 
 ^ employing spies. 
 
 Es-'pla-nade', n. An open 
 space before a fortification ; 
 a sloping grass-plat. 
 
 Es-pous'al, n. Act of espous- 
 ing ; {pi. ) betrothal or mar- 
 riage ceremony. 
 
 Es-pouse', v.t. To betroth ; 
 to marry ; to embrace. 
 
 Es-py', V. t. To see ; to spy. 
 
 Es-quire', w. A title of magis- 
 trates and gentlemen. — v. 
 t. To wait on ; to attend. 
 
 Es-say', v. t. To attempt. 
 
 Es'say, n. A trial ; a short, 
 
 ^ informal treatise. 
 
 Es'say-ist, or Es-say'ist, n. 
 
 ^ A writer of essays. 
 
 Es'senge, n. The nature of 
 a thing ; perfume ; scent. — 
 V. t. To perfume. 
 
 Es-sen'tial, a. Necessary to 
 existence. — n. Constituent 
 principle. [sarily. 
 
 Es-sen'tial-ly, adv. Neces- 
 
 Es-tab'lish, V, t. To fix ; to 
 settle firmly. 
 
 Es-tab'lish-ment, n. Settle- 
 ment ; confirmation ; place 
 of residence or business. 
 
 Es-tate', n. Condition ; prop- 
 erty, especially in land. 
 
 Es-teem', v.t. To value ; to 
 regard ; to think highly of. 
 
 ^ — n. High value in opinion. 
 
 Es'ti-ma-ble, a. Worthy of 
 
 ^ esteem. [value on. 
 
 Es'ti-mate, v. t. To set a 
 
 £s'ti-mate, n. Calculation ; 
 
 ^ value set. 
 
 Es^ti-ma'tion, «. A valuing; 
 
 esteem ; honor ; opinion. 
 Es-t6p', V. i. To bar ; to im- 
 pede ; to stop the progress 
 of. [admission. 
 Es-t6p'pel, n. A conclusive 
 
 Es- trance', v. t. To alienate. 
 Es-trange'ment, n. Aliena- 
 tion, [ing or lost. 
 Es-tray', n. A beast wander- 
 £st'u-a-ry , n. An arm of the 
 ^ sea ; a frith. 
 
 Etch, V. t. To engrave with 
 
 ^ the aid of some strong acid. 
 
 Etch'ing, n. Impression from 
 etched copperplate. 
 
 E-ter'nal, a. Having no be- 
 ginning nor end. — n. The 
 Deity; God. [ly. 
 
 E-tgr'nal-ly, adv. Perpetual- 
 
 E-ter'ni-ty, n. Duration 
 
 _ without beginning or end. 
 
 E'ther, n. A subtle fluid 
 supposed to fill all space ; a 
 kind of very volatile fluid. 
 
 E-the're-al, a. Consisting of 
 ether ; heavenly. 
 
 E-the're-al-ize, v. t. To con- 
 vert into ether. 
 
 Eth'i-e, \a. Relating to 
 
 5th'i€-al, j morals. 
 
 £;th'i€-al-ly, adv. According 
 
 ^ to ethics. 
 
 Eth'i-cs, n sing. The sci- 
 _ ence of moral philosophy. 
 E'thi-6p, ) n. A native 
 E'thi-6'pi-an, j of Ethiopia ; 
 
 a negro. 
 fith'ni<5, } a. Belonging 
 Eth'ni€-al, J to races; hea- 
 then ; pagan. 
 Eth-n6g'ra-phy, n. A de- 
 scription of the different 
 races of men. 
 Eth-n61'o-gy, n. A treatise 
 _ on the natural races of men. 
 E'ti-o-late, v. i. or t. To 
 ^whiten. [of ceremony. 
 
 Et^i-qu6tte' (-ket/),ii. Forms 
 Efy-mo-ldg'ic-al, a. Relat- 
 ^ ing to etymology. 
 Et^y-mol'o-gist, n. One 
 ^ versed in etymology. 
 Et/y-m6Po-gy, w. Derivation 
 ^ of words. [word. 
 Et'y-m6n, n. A primitive 
 Eu'-cha-rist, n. The Lord's 
 snpper. 
 
 Eii'lo-gist,9i. One who praises 
 
 or comniends. 
 Eii/lo-gis'ti€, a. Containing 
 
 praifc ; commendatory. 
 Eu'lo-gize, V. t. To praise 
 by eulogy ; to commend. 
 
 Es^-eri-toir' (-twor/), n. A Es-top'pel, n. A conclusive by eulogy ; to commend, 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long; S, e, 6, tt, f, short; cure, car, ask, gU, whgit ; ere, vgil, term ; pVque, firm ; 
 
EULOGIUM 
 
 103 
 
 EXCHANGE 
 
 Eu-16'gi-um (18), n. Com- 
 mendation ; praise. 
 
 Eu'lo-gy,n. Marked or stud- 
 ied praise. — Syn. Encomi- 
 um ; panegyric ; laudation. 
 
 Eu'nii-ch, n. A male human 
 being who has been un- 
 manned. 
 
 Eu'phe-mi§m, n. A delicate 
 word or expression used for 
 one that is olTensive. 
 
 Eii-ph5n'i€, ) a. Having 
 
 Eu-ph6n'i€-al, > a sound 
 
 Eu-pho'ni-oiis, ) agreeable 
 to the ear. 
 
 Eu'pho-ny, n. An agreeable 
 combination of sounds. 
 
 Eu^ro-pe'an, a. Pertaining 
 to Europe. — n. A native 
 of Europe. 
 
 Eu-than'a-sy, n. Easy death. 
 
 E-v^-e'u-ate, v. t. To make 
 empty ; to quit. 
 
 E-va€'*u-a'tion, n. Act of 
 evacuating ; withdrawal. 
 
 E-vade', v. t. To avoid ; to 
 
 ^ elude ; to slip away. 
 
 Ev'a-nes'genge, n. A grad- 
 ual vanishing. 
 
 fiv'a-ngs'Qent, a. Vanishing; 
 
 _ fleeting ; passing away. 
 
 E^'van-gel'i-e-al, a. Accord- 
 ing to, or contained in, the 
 gospel. 
 
 E-van'gel-ism, n. Promul- 
 gation of the gospel. 
 
 E-vin'^el-ist, n. One who 
 preaches the gospel. 
 
 E-van'gel-Ize, r. t. To in- 
 struct in the gospel of ■ 
 Christ. I 
 
 E-vap'o-rate, v. i. To pass 
 off in vapor ; to waste. | 
 
 E-vS,p''o-ra'tion, n. Conver- 
 sion of a fluid into vapor. 
 
 E-va'§ion, n. Artifice ; 
 equivocation. 
 
 E-va'sive, a. Using evasion. 
 
 Eve, n. Evening. 
 
 E'ven (e^vn), a. Level; 
 smooth ; uniform ; parallel ; 
 fair; not odd. — v. t. To 
 make level or smooth. — 
 adv. Exactly ; at the very 
 
 _ time ; so much as. | 
 
 E'ven-ing (3'vn-), n. Close 
 of the day; beginning of | 
 night. i 
 
 E-v§nt', n. That which hap- 
 pens. — SYN. Incident ; is- 
 sue ; end ; result. 
 
 E-vent'ful, a. l ull of inci- 
 dents. ' [tial ; final. 
 
 E-vent'u-al, a. Consequen- 
 
 E-vent'u-ate, v. i. To is.sue; 
 
 ^ to close. [ways. 
 
 Ev'er, adv. At any time ; al- 
 
 Ev'er-glade, n. Land covered 
 
 ^ by water and grass. 
 
 Ev'er-green, a. Always 
 green. — n. A plant or 
 
 ^ shrub always green. 
 
 Ev^er-lasfing, a. Continu- 
 
 ^ ing witliout end ; eternal, 
 
 Ev'er-more', adv. Eternally, 
 
 Ev'er-y, a. Each one of a 
 
 ^ whole. [places. 
 
 Ev'er-y-where, adv. In all 
 
 E-vi€t', V. t. To dispossess 
 by judicial process. 
 
 E-vi€'tion, n. Dispossession. 
 
 Ev'i-denge, n. That which 
 proves or shows facts ; tes- 
 timony ; witness. — v. t. To 
 
 ^ show ; to prove. 
 
 Ev'i-dent, a. Clear; plain. 
 
 E'vil (o^vl), a. Ill ; wicked. 
 
 — 11. Calamity ; wicked- 
 ness. — adv. Injuriously. 
 
 E-vinge', v. t. To prove ; to 
 show in a clear manner. 
 
 E-vis'ger-ate, v. t. To take 
 out the bowels of. 
 
 E-voke', V. t. To call forth. 
 
 Ev^o-lu'tion, n. Act of un- 
 folding ; prescribed or regu- 
 lar movement. 
 
 E-v61ve', V. t. To unfold. 
 
 Ewe(yij), n. A female sheep. 
 
 Ew'er (yr/er), n. A pitcher 
 with a wide spout. [tate. 
 
 Ex-ag'er-bate, r. Toirri- 
 
 Ex-ag^'er-ba'tion, n. In- 
 creased violence of a disease. 
 
 Ex-a-et', a. Minutely cor- 
 rect or regular ; punctual. 
 
 — SYjV. Accurate; precise; 
 methodical; careful. — v. t. 
 To demand ; to require ; to 
 extort. [ing. 
 
 Ex-5,-e'tion, n. Act of extort- 
 Ex-^i-et'ly, adv. Accurately. 
 Ex-a-et'riess, n. Accuracy. 
 Ex-a€t'or, n. One who ex- 
 acts. 
 
 Ex-ag'ger-ate, v. t. To 
 
 heighten unduly in repre- 
 sentation. 
 
 Ex-ag/ger-a'tion, n. A rep- 
 resentation beyond truth. 
 
 Ex-alt% i\ To lift high. 
 
 Ex'al-ta'tion, n. A raising; 
 elevation. [lime. 
 
 Ex-alt'ed, «. Dignified; sub- 
 
 Ex-am'i-na'tion, n. In- 
 quiry ; inspection ; search. 
 
 Ex-^m'me, v. t. To inspect \ 
 to search into ; to question. 
 
 E:5-5,m'in-er,w. One who ex- 
 amines. 
 
 Ex-ain'ple,_n. A pattern. 
 
 Ex-as'per-ate, 1'. To make 
 very angry ; to enrage. 
 
 Ex-a,s^per-a'tion, n. State 
 
 ^ of being exasperated. 
 
 Ex'€a-vate, v. t. To make 
 
 ^ hollow. 
 
 Ex''€a-va'tion, n. A making 
 hollow. [excel. 
 
 Ex-geed', v. To surpass ; to 
 
 Ex-geed'ing, a. Very great. 
 
 Ex-geed'ing-ly, adv. To a 
 great degree ; very much. 
 
 Ex-gel' (7), v. To surpass: 
 
 ^ to exceed. 
 
 Ex'gel-lenge (7), n. Supe-i 
 
 ^ rior goodness ; eminence. 
 
 Ex'gel-len-gy, n. A title of 
 honor. [value ; eminent. 
 
 fix'gel-lent, a. Having great 
 
 Ex'gel-lent-ly, adv. In an 
 excellent degree. 
 
 Ex-gept', V. t. To take out ; 
 to exclude. — prep. Not in- 
 cluding. 
 
 Ex-g6pt'ing, prep. Taking 
 or leaving out ; except. 
 
 Ex-gep'tion, n. Exclusion ; 
 thing excluded ; objection. . 
 
 Ex-gep'tion-a-ble, a. Liable 
 to objections. [exception, 
 
 Ex-gep'tion-al, a. Forming 
 
 Ex-gerpt', n. An extract. . 
 
 Ex-g§ss', n. More than 
 enough ; intemperance. 
 
 Ex-gess'ive, a. Exceeding 
 just limits ; extreme. 
 
 Ex-gess'ive-ly, adv. Ex- 
 ceedingly. 
 
 Ex-chan^e', v. t. To give 
 for something else. — n. 
 Act of bartering ; balance 
 of money ; place where 
 merchants meet. 
 
 S9U, or, dQ, wolf, to"o, tobk ; tirii, rj]e, p\,ill ; 9, ^, soft; -e, g, hard; as ; exist ; n as ng ; this. 
 
EXCHANGEABLE 
 
 104 
 
 EXIT 
 
 Ex-change'a-ble,a. Capable 
 of being exchanged. 
 
 Ex-ch6q'uer, n. A court in 
 England that has charge of 
 the public treasury. 
 
 Ex-Qise', n. An inland duty 
 or impost on goods. — v. t. 
 To lay a duty on. 
 
 Ex-Ql§e'man (21), n. One 
 who inspects excised goods. 
 
 Ex-gi§'ion (-sizh^un), n. Ut- 
 ter destruction. 
 
 Ex-gT'ta-bil'i-ty, n. Capacity 
 of being easily excited. 
 
 Ex-Qi'ta-ble, a. Capable of 
 being roused into action. 
 
 £x/Qi-ta'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 citing, [rouse. 
 
 Ex-glte', V. t. To stir ; to 
 
 Ex-git'ing, p. a. Producing 
 excitement. 
 
 Ex-gite'ment, n. Act of ex- 
 citing ; agitation. 
 
 fx-claim', v. t. To cry out. 
 x'€la-maaion, n. A loud 
 outcry ; a mark [!], noting 
 some emotion. 
 Ex-€lto'a-to-ry, a. Using 
 
 or containing exclamation. 
 Ex-clude', v. t. To shut out. 
 Ex-€lu'sion, n. Rejection. 
 Ex-€lu'sive, a. Shutting 
 
 out ; not including. 
 Ex-clu'sive-ly, adv. To the 
 
 exclusion of others. 
 Ex-€lu'sive-ness, n. State 
 of being exclusive. [out. 
 Ex-c6g'i-tate, v. t. To think 
 £x/€om-mu'ni-€ate, V. ^ To 
 
 exclude from communion, 
 fix^eom-mu-'nl-^a'tion, n. 
 
 Act of excommunicating. 
 Ex-€o'ri-ate, v. t. To flay ; 
 
 to strip olT the skin of. 
 Ex-co^ri-a^tion, n. Act of 
 
 stripping off the skin. 
 £x'€re-ment, n. Matter dis- 
 charged from the body. 
 Ex-cres'Qcnge, n. Preter- 
 natural growth. 
 Ex-€rete', V. To discharge 
 
 through the pores. 
 Ex-ere'tion, n. Separation 
 
 of animal matters. 
 fix'€re-tive, ) a. Tending 
 Sx'-ere-to-ry, ) to excrete. 
 £x'€re-to-ry, n. A little 
 duct for discharging a fluid. 
 
 Ex-cru'ci-ate (-shi^at), v. t. 
 
 To torture. 
 Ex-eru'ci-a^ting (-shi-), a. 
 
 Distressing ; very paintul. 
 Ex-eru/ci-a'tion (-krii^shi-), 
 
 n. Torture. 
 Ex-eul/pate, v. t. To clear 
 ^ from fault or guilt. 
 Ex-'-eul-pa'tion, n. Act of 
 
 clearing from blame. 
 Ex-cul'pa-to-ry, a. Clearing 
 
 from blame. 
 Ex-cur'sion, n. A ramble. 
 Ex-€ur'sive, a. Wandering. 
 Ex-eu§'a-ble, a. Capable or 
 
 worthy of being excused. 
 Ex-€u§e' (-kuzO, ^'. t. To 
 
 pardon ; to judge leniently. 
 Ex-cuse' (-kus/), n. Apolo- 
 ^ gy ; that which excuses. 
 Ex'e-€ra-ble, a. Detestable; 
 ^ hateful. [bly. 
 Ex'e-cra-bly, adv. Detesta- 
 fix'e -crate, v. t. To curse, 
 fix^e-era'tion, n. Impreca- 
 ^ tion of evil. 
 
 Ex'e-€iite,i'. t. To carry into 
 effect; to put to death by 
 law ; to complete. — Syn. 
 To accomplish ; effect ; ful- 
 
 ^fill; finish. [ecutes. 
 
 Ex'e-€ut^er, n. One who ex- 
 
 Ex/e-€u'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 
 ^ ecuting. 
 
 Ex^e-eu'tion-er, n. One who 
 puts to death by law. 
 
 Ex-6€'u-tive, a. Carrying 
 fnto effect. — n. Person or 
 power that executes the law. 
 
 Ex-e€'u-tor, n. One who set- 
 tles the estate of a testator. 
 
 E5-e€'u-to-ry,a. Performing 
 official duties. [executor. 
 
 Ex-6c'u-trix, n. A female 
 
 £x''e-ge'sis, n. Science of 
 interpretation. [ry. 
 
 fix'e-gSt'i€-al, a. Explanato- 
 
 Ex-6m'plar, n. Copy ; pat- 
 tern, [way of example. 
 
 fix'em-pla-ri-ly, adv. By 
 
 Ex'em-pla-ry, a. Serving as 
 a pattern ; worthy of imita- 
 tion. 
 
 Ex-em/pli-fi-€a'tion, n. Il- 
 lustration by example ; a 
 copy. [trate by example. 
 Ex-6m'pli-fy, v. t. To illus- 
 Ex-empt', a. Free. — v. t. 
 
 To free from. — n. One who 
 
 is not subject, [immunity, 
 Ex-emp'tion, n. Freedom ; 
 Ex'e-qua'tur, n. A written 
 
 recognition of a person as 
 ^ consul. 
 
 Ex'e-quies (C'ks^e-kwTz), n. 
 
 ^ pi. Funeral solemnities. 
 
 Ex'er-Qi§e, n. Use; perform- 
 ance ; activity ; a lesson. — 
 V. t. To use; to practice; 
 to keep busy. — v. i. To 
 take or use exercise. 
 
 Ex-ert', V. t. To use strength 
 or effort. [ing ; eflbrt. 
 
 Ex-er'tion, n. Act of exert- 
 
 Ex-fo'li-ate, v. i. To scale off. 
 
 Ex-fo/li-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 ^ scaling off. 
 
 Ex'ha-la'tion, n. Vapor. 
 
 Ex-hale', v. t. To send out, as 
 vapor. — v. i. To emit. 
 
 Ex-haust', V. t. To drain to 
 emptiness ; to empty. 
 
 E^-haus'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 hausting, [exhausted. 
 
 E^-haust'less, a. Not to be 
 
 Ex-hib'it. V. t. To display ; 
 to show. — n. A paper to 
 prove facts. [hibitii. 
 
 Ex-hib'it-er, n. One who ex- 
 
 £x/hi-bi'tion (-bish/un), 71. 
 A setting forth ; public 
 show. 
 
 Ex-hil'a-rate, v. t. To make 
 cheerful ; to enliven. 
 
 Ex-hil'a-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 exhilarating. 
 
 Ex-hort', v. t. To advise. 
 
 Ex'hor-ta'tion, n. Good ad- 
 vice, [to exhort. 
 
 Ex-hor'ta-to-ry, a. Tending 
 
 Ex-hort'er, n. One who ex- 
 
 ^ fiorts. 
 
 Ex/hu-ma'tion, n. A dig- 
 ging up, as from the grave. 
 
 Ex-hume', v. t. To dig up, 
 as from a grave. 
 
 ^Ilx't-genge, ) n. Necessity ; 
 
 ;|lx'i-^en-Qy, ) pressing want. 
 
 Ex'ile, n. Banishment ; a 
 person banished. — v. t. To 
 banish ; to transport. 
 
 Ei^-ist', V. i. To be ; to live ; 
 to derive support. 
 
 Ex-ist'enge, n. Being ; life. 
 
 Ex-ist'ent, a. Having being. 
 I Ex'it, n. Departure ; death. 
 
 i, 6, 1, 6, u, y, long ; &, 6, 1, 6, II, y, short / care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgU, tSrm ; p'fque, firm ; 
 
EXODUS 
 
 105 
 
 EXPRESSION 
 
 £x'o-dus, n. Departure from 
 h, place ; the second book ia 
 the Bible. 
 
 Ex-6n'er-ate, v. t. To un- 
 load ; to free from a charge. 
 
 E$-6n^er-a'tion, n. Act of 
 exonerating. 
 
 Ex-or'bi-tange, n. Extrava- 
 gance ; enormity. 
 
 !!gx-6r'bi-tant, a. Excessive. 
 
 Ex'or-Qige, v. t. To expel, as 
 
 ^ evil spirits by conjuration. 
 
 !Ex'or-Qi§m, n. Act of ex- 
 orcising. 
 
 Ex-6r'di-um, n. Introduc- 
 tion, preface, or preamble. 
 
 Ex-6t'i€, a. Foreign. — n. 
 A foreign plant. 
 
 Ex-pa,nd', V. t. or i. To 
 open ; to spread ; to dilate. 
 
 Ex-panse', n. Wide extent 
 of space or body. 
 
 Ex-pdn'si-bil'i-ty, n. Ca- 
 pacity of being expanded. 
 
 Ex-pan'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 being expanded. 
 
 Ex-pan'sion, n. Act of ex- 
 panding ; extent. 
 
 Ex-pan'sive, a. Spreading. 
 
 Ex-pa'ti-ate (-shi-at), v. i. 
 To rove ; to wander ; to en- 
 large ; to descant. [ish. 
 
 Ex-pa'tri-ate, v. t. To ban- 
 
 Ex-pa^tri-a'tion, n. Banish- 
 ment; exile. 
 
 Exypg^t', V. t. To look or 
 wait for ; to anticipate. 
 
 Ex-pe€t'an-Qy, n. A state 
 of waiting. 
 
 Ex-p6-et'ant, a. Waiting ; 
 looking for. [ing for. 
 
 fix'pee-ta'tion, n. A wait- 
 
 Ex-pg€'to-rant, a. Promot- 
 ing discharges from the 
 lungs or throat. — n. A 
 medicine that promotes such 
 discharges. 
 
 Ex-pe€'to-rate, v.t. To dis- 
 charge from the lungs or 
 throat. 
 
 Ex-pe^/to-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 expectorating. 
 
 Ex-pe'di-enge, ) n. Fitness ; 
 
 Ex-pe'di-en-gy, ) propriety. 
 
 Ex-pe'di-ent, a. Fit ; prop- 
 er; advisable. — n. Means 
 to an end ; shift ; device. 
 
 Ex'pe-dite, v. t. To hasten 
 
 forward ; to render easy. — 
 a. Free of impediment ; 
 ^ expeditious. 
 
 Ex'pe-di'tion, n. lla?te ; dis- 
 ^ patch ; voyage ; enterprise. 
 Ex/pe-di'tious (-dish/us), a. 
 
 Done with dispatch, 
 fix^pe-di'tious-ly (-dTsh/us-), 
 
 ndv. With expedition. 
 Ex-pel' (7), t'. To drive or 
 
 force out ; to banish. 
 Ex-pend', v.t. To spend for 
 
 an object ; to lay out. 
 Ex-pen'di-ture, n. Act of 
 
 spending ; sum expended. 
 Ex-pense', n. Cost : charge. 
 Ex-pen'sive, a. Costly ; dear. 
 Ex-pe'ri-enge, n. Trial or 
 
 repeated trial, or the in- 
 struction thus gained. — r. t. 
 
 To try ; to know by practice. 
 Ex-pe'ri-enged (-enst), p. 
 
 a. Taught by experience ; 
 
 versed. 
 
 Ex-per'i-ment, n. Trial ; es- 
 say. — V. i. To make trial. 
 
 Ex-pgr/i-ment'al, a. Found- 
 ed on experiment. 
 
 Ex-per^i-ment'al-ly, adv. 
 By experiment ; by trial. 
 
 Ex-pert', a. Skillful ; dex- 
 terous. — n. One who is 
 
 ^ skillful. [being expiated. 
 
 F'X'pi-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 Ex'pi-ate, v. t. To atone for, 
 
 ^ as a crime. [satisfaction. 
 
 Ex^pi-a'tion, n. Atonement; 
 
 Ex'pi-a-to-ry, a. Making ex- 
 
 j piation. 
 
 Ex^pi-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 breathing out ; end. 
 
 Ex-pire', V. t. [imp. ex- 
 pired.] To breathe out. — 
 V. i. To die. 
 
 Ex-plain', v. t. To illustrate; 
 to make plain. — v. i. To 
 
 ^ give explanations. 
 
 Ex'pla-na'tion, n. Act of 
 making plain, [to explain. 
 
 Ex-plan'a-to-ry, a. Serving 
 
 Ex'ple-tive, n. A word in- 
 
 ^ serted to fill a space. 
 
 Ex'pli-ea-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 ^ being explained. 
 
 Ex'pli-€ate, v. t. To unfold ; 
 
 ^ to explain ; to show. 
 
 Ex^pli-^a'tion, n. An expla- 
 nation. 
 
 Ex'pli-ea'tive, ) a. Tendi'-:' 
 Ex'pli-eaao-ry, I to explain. 
 Ex-plig'it, a. Clear ; plain ; 
 
 express ; not obscure. 
 Ex-plig'it-ly, adv. Clearly. 
 Ex-pl6de', V. i. To burst 
 
 with a loud report. — v. t. 
 
 To bring into disrepute. 
 Ex-ploit', n. A heroic deed. 
 Ex'plo-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 
 exploring. 
 Ex-pl6r'a-to-ry. a. Search- 
 ing, [examine. 
 Ex-plore', v. t.-To search ; to 
 Ex-plo'§ion, n. A sudden 
 
 bursting with a loud noise. 
 Ex-plo'sive, a. Driving or 
 
 bursting with forie. 
 Ex-po'nent, n. The index of 
 
 a power in algebra. 
 Ex-port', v. t. To transport 
 ^ from one country to another. 
 Ex'port, n. A commodity 
 _ sent abroad. 
 
 Ex/por-ta'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 porting, [ports. 
 
 Ex-pcrt'er, n. One who ex- 
 
 Ex-pc§e', V. t. To lay open or 
 bare ; to put in danger. 
 
 Expos6 (ex'po-za'), n. A 
 formal statement or exposi- 
 tion. 
 
 £x/po-si'ticn ( zish^un), n. 
 I Explanation ; interpreta- 
 I tion. 
 
 ' Ex-p6s'i-tor, n. An interpret- 
 
 I er ; expounder. [explain. 
 
 1 Ex-p6§'i-to-ry,a. Serving to 
 
 j Ex-p6st'u-late, v. i. To re- 
 
 I monstrate earnestly. 
 
 I Ex-post' u-la'ticn, n. Act of 
 
 I expostulating. 
 
 j Ex-p6st'u-Ia-to-ry, a. Con- . 
 
 I taining expostulation. 
 Ex-pc§'ure, n. Act of expos- 
 
 I ing, or state of being ex- 
 
 I posed. 
 Ex-pound', v.t. Ho explain. 
 Ex-pound'er, n. One who 
 
 explains or interprets. 
 Ex-press', v. t. To press out; 
 to utter in language ; to 
 make known. — Syn. To 
 declare ; indicate ; exhibit. 
 — a. Plain ; direct. — n. A 
 special messenger or convey- 
 ance. 
 
 Ex-pres'sion (-presh'un), n. 
 
 •6n, or, do, W9lf. toTo, tdbk ; drn, rjje, pyll ; f, soft ; €, g, hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
EXPRESSIVE 
 
 106 
 
 EYRY 
 
 A pressing out ; mode of 
 speech, [express. 
 
 Ex-press'ive, a. Adapted to 
 
 Ex-press 'ive-ly, adv. With 
 force. [terms. 
 
 Ex-press'ly, adv. In direct 
 
 Ex-piign' (-punO, v. t. To 
 take by assault. [pelling. 
 
 Ex-pWsion, n. Act of ex- 
 
 Ex-pul'Sive, a. Having pow- 
 er to expel. 
 
 Ex-punge', v. t. To blot out. 
 
 Ex'pur-gate, or Ex-pur'- 
 gate, V. t. To cleanse ; to 
 
 ^ purify ; to expunge. 
 
 Ex''pur-ga'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 purgating, [ing. 
 
 Ex-pur'ga-to-ry, a. Purify- 
 
 fix'qui-site, a. Very fine ; ex- 
 
 ^cellent"; keenly felt. 
 
 fix'qm-site-ly,at/u. Nicely. 
 
 Ex-si-e'-cant, a. Tending to 
 
 ^ dry. 
 
 Ex'si€-eate, or Ex-si-e'€ate, 
 ^ V. t. To dry. [ing. 
 £x'si€-ea'tion, n. Act of dry- 
 Ex'tant, a. Now in being ; 
 
 existing. 
 Ex-tem'po-ra'ne-oiis, ) «. 
 Ex-tem'po-ra-ry, ) Ut- 
 tered without previous 
 study. 
 
 Ex-tem'po-re, a. or adv. 
 Without previous study. 
 
 Ex-t6m'po-rize, v. i. To ut- 
 ter without study. 
 
 Ex-tend', v. To stretch out ; 
 to spread ; to reach. 
 
 Ex-ten'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 being extended. 
 
 Ex-ten^si-bil'i-ty, n. Quali- 
 ty of being extensible. 
 
 Ex-ten'sion, n. Act of ex- 
 tending ; enlargement. 
 
 Ex-ten'sive, a. Large ; of 
 great extent. [largely. 
 
 Ex-ten'sive-ly, adv. Widely ; 
 
 Ex-tent', n. Space ; compass. 
 
 Ex-ten'u-ate, v. t. To palli- 
 ate, [tion. 
 
 Ex-ten^u-a'tion, n. Pallia- 
 
 Ex-te'ri-or, n. Outward ; for- 
 eign. — n. The outside; the 
 surface. 
 
 Ex-ter'mi-nate, v. t. To 
 drive away ; to root out. 
 
 Ex-ter/mina'tion, n. De- 
 struction. 
 
 a,c,T,o, Vij^flong; &,e,I, 6,u 
 
 Ex-ter'nii-na^tor, n. One who 
 
 exterminates. 
 
 Ex-ter'nal, a. Outward. 
 
 Ex-ter'nal§, n. pi. Outward 
 parts or rites. [ended. 
 
 Ex-tin€t', a. Extinguished; 
 
 Ex-tin€'tion, n. Destruction. 
 
 Ex-tin'guish (-tlng^gwish), 
 V. «.~To quench ; to destroy. 
 
 Ex-tin'guish-a-ble, a. Ca- 
 pable of being extinguished. 
 
 Ex-tm'guish-er, n. A uten- 
 sil to put out candles. 
 
 Ex-tin'guish-ment, n. A 
 
 ^ putting out or quenching. 
 
 Ex'tir-pate, or Ex-tir'pate, 
 
 ^v. t. To root out. 
 
 Ex^tir-pa'tion, n. The act of 
 looting out. 
 
 Ex-tol' (8), t'. To praise 
 greatly. 
 
 Ex-tort', V. t. To exact un- 
 lawfully ; to wrest. 
 
 Ex-tor'tion, n. Unlawful ex- 
 action, [ive. 
 
 Ex-tor'tion-ate, a. Oppress- 
 
 Ex-tor'tion-er, n. One who 
 practices extortion. 
 
 jSx'tra-et, n. A substance 
 drawn from another ; a pas- 
 sage from a book. 
 
 Ex-tr3,-et', v. t. To draw out ; 
 to take. [out ; lineage. 
 
 Ex-tra€'tion, a. A drawing 
 
 £x''tra-di'tion (-dTsh^un), n. 
 Delivery on the part of one 
 government to another of an 
 
 ^ accused person. 
 
 Ex^tra-ju-di'cial (-dish/al), 
 a. Out of the regular course 
 of law. [not intrinsic. 
 
 Ex-tra'ne-oiis, a. Foreign ; 
 
 Ex-traor'di-na-ry {-tror'- or 
 -tra-or'-), a. Uncommon. 
 
 Ex-trav'a-ganQC, n. Excess; 
 prodigality. 
 
 Ex-trav'a-gant, a. Exceed- 
 ing due bounds ; lavish in 
 expenses. — Syn. Exces- 
 sive ; prodigal ; wasteful. 
 
 Ex-trav'a-s^te, v. t. To let 
 out of the proper vessels, as 
 blood. 
 
 Ex-trav^a-sa'tion, n. A let- 
 ting out of the proper ves- 
 sels. 
 
 Ex-treme', a. Outermost ; 
 utmost ; greatest ; highest. 
 
 — n. Utmost limit ; extrem- 
 ity, [most degree. 
 
 Ex-treme 'ly, adv. In the ut- 
 
 Ex-trem'ist (11), n. A sup- 
 porter of extreme doctrines 
 or practice. 
 
 Ex-tr6m'i-ty, n. Utmost 
 point or degree ; necessity. 
 
 !6x'tri-€a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being extricated. 
 
 £x'tri-eate, v. t. To disen- 
 tangle ; to set free. 
 
 £x/tri-ea'tion, n. Act of ex- 
 tricating ; disentanglement. 
 
 Ex-trin'si-e, ) a. Outward ; 
 
 Ex-trin'si-e-al, ) external. 
 
 Ex-trude', v. t. To thrustout. 
 
 Ex-trii'sion, n. Act of thrust- 
 ing out. [ous abundance. 
 
 Ex-ii'ber-anQe, M. Superflu- 
 
 Ex-u'ber-ant, a. Luxuriant ; 
 over-abundant. 
 
 Ex-u'ber-ant-ly, adv. Over- 
 
 ^ abundantly ; luxuriously. 
 
 Ex^u-da'tion, n. The. act of 
 sweating out. 
 
 Ex-ude', V. t. To discharge 
 through the pores. — v. i. 
 To flow ; to issue forth. 
 
 Ex-lilt', V. i. To rejoice 
 greatly. 
 
 Ex-iilt'ant, a. Rejoicing in 
 
 ^ triumph. 
 
 Ex/ul-ta'tion, n. Great joy. 
 
 E^^e (i), n. The organ of 
 sight. — V. t. To observe. 
 
 Eye'ball, n. Ball of the eye. 
 
 Eye'brow, n. Hairy arch 
 over the eyes. 
 
 Eye'-glass, n. A glass to as- 
 sist the sight, [lid. 
 
 Eye'lash, n. Hair on the cye- 
 
 Eye'less (Fless), a. Having 
 no eyes ; blind. [cord. 
 
 Eye'let, n. A hole for lace or 
 
 Eye'-serv^ant, n. A servant 
 that requires watching. 
 
 Eye'sight (-sit), n. Sight of 
 the eye. 
 
 Eye'sore, n. Something of- 
 fensive to the sight. 
 
 Eye'-tdbth (21), n. An upper 
 tooth next the grinders. 
 
 Eye'-wit''ness, n. .One who 
 saw what he testifies. 
 
 Ey'rie ) (a^ry), »?. A place 
 
 Ey'ry ) where birds of prey 
 
 ~ build and hatch. 
 
 , y, sliort; care, car, dsk, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, tCrm ; pique, ITrm ; 
 
FABLE 
 
 107 
 
 FAMED 
 
 F. 
 
 FA'BLE, w. A fictitious 
 story enforcing a useful 
 truth. — V. t. To feign ; to 
 fabricate ; to lie. 
 F3,b'ri€, n. A building ; a 
 
 manufactured article, 
 F&b'ri-€ate, v. t. To con- 
 struct ; to manufacture ; to 
 devise falsely. 
 F5,b/ri-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 fabricating ; construction. 
 Fab'ri-ca^tor, n. One who 
 
 constructs or forms. 
 Fab'u-list, n. One who writes 
 
 or invents fables. 
 FS,b'u-lous, a. Feigned ; in- 
 vented ; unreal ; false. 
 Fa-gade' (-sad' or -sad/),M. A 
 front elevation of a building. 
 Fage, (18), n. Yisage ; front ; 
 principal surface ; boldness. 
 — 1\ t. To meet in front. 
 Fag'et, n. A little face ; a 
 small surface. [witty. 
 Fa-ge'tious, a. Humorous; 
 Fa'gial (fa/shal), a. Pertain- 
 ing to the face. 
 Fag'ile, a. Easy to be done, 
 or to yield. — Syn. Pliant ; 
 flexible ; ductile. 
 Fa-gil'i-tatc, v. t. To make 
 easy. 
 
 Fa-gil'i-ty, n. Ease ; easi- 
 ness ; [pi.) means to render 
 easy. 
 
 Fag'ing (11), n. A covering 
 in front. [ness. 
 
 Fa-e-sim'i-le, n. Exact like- 
 
 Fa€t, n. An act ; deed ; real- 
 ity ; circumstance. 
 
 Fa€'tion,«. A small political 
 party ; a cabal ; a clique. 
 
 Fa-e'tious, a. Given to fac- 
 tion. 
 
 Fa-e-ti'tious (-tYsh/us), a. 
 Made by art ; artificial. 
 
 FS-€'tor, 71. An agent in trade. 
 
 Fa-e'tor-age, «. Commission 
 allowed to a factor. 
 
 Fa€'to-ry, n. House of a fac- 
 tor ; body of factors ; a 
 manufactory. 
 
 Fa<5-to'tum, n. A servant em- 
 ployed in all sorts of work. 
 
 Fd-c'ul-ty, n. Power of the 
 mind ; ability ; power ; offi- 
 cers of a college ; members 
 of a profession. 
 
 Fade, v. i. To wither or de- 
 cay _; to lose color. 
 
 Fae'geg. See Feces. 
 
 F^g, V. i. To become wearj'. 
 
 — V. t. To compel to drudge. 
 Fag'-dnd', n. Untwisted end 
 
 of a rope ; refuse. 
 
 Fag'ot, w. A bundle of twigs. 
 
 Fail, V. i. To decay ; to per- 
 ish ; to miss ; to become 
 insolvent. — v. t. (4) To 
 desert ; to disappoint ; to 
 omit. — n. Omission. 
 
 Fail'ure (iil/yjir), n. Defect ; 
 act of becoming insolvent. 
 
 Fain, a. Glad. — adv. Gladly. 
 
 Faint, a. Weak ; languid. — 
 V. i. To swoon ; to sink from 
 loss of strength. 
 
 Faint'ly, adv. Feebly ; weak- 
 ly- 
 
 Faint'ness, n. State of being 
 faint ; feebleness. 
 
 Fair, a. Free from blemish, 
 perversion, &c. ; of a light 
 shade. — Syn. Pure ; frank ; 
 honest ; equitable. — adv. 
 Openly ; frankly ; civilly ; 
 justly. — n. A stated mar- 
 ket. — The fair^ the female 
 sex. [ly. 
 
 Fair'ly, adv. Openly ; honcst- 
 
 Fair'ness, n. State of being 
 fair. 
 
 Fair'y (19), n. A fabled spirit. 
 
 — a. Belonging to fairies. 
 Faith, n. Belief ; object of 
 
 belief ; creed ; fidelity. 
 
 Faith'ful (17), a. Firm to the 
 truth ; loyal ; exact ; true. 
 
 Faith'ful-ly, adv. Honestly. 
 
 Faith'fiil-ness, n. Firm ad- 
 herence to truth or trust. 
 
 Faith'lesS', a. Without faith. 
 
 — Syn. Treacherous; un- 
 believing ; disloyal ; false. 
 
 FSl'-eate, ) a. Bent like & 
 
 F^l'€at-ed, j sickle. 
 
 Fal'ehion (fawl/chun), n. A 
 short, crooked sword. 
 
 Fal'€on (fa^v/- 
 kn), n. A hawk 
 trained forf 
 sport. g 
 
 F al '«on - er| 
 (faw^kn-), w.'^Sfl 
 One who trains ^[ 
 hawks for tak- _ , 
 ing wild fowl. ^^<^on. 
 
 Fal'€on-ry (faw^kn-r^'), «• 
 Art of training hawks ; 
 practice of taking game by 
 means of hawks. 
 
 Fall (1) V. i. [imp. FELL ; 
 "p.p. FALLEN.] To drop; 
 to decline ; to happen ; to 
 apostatize. — n. Descent; 
 degradation ; decrease ; ca- 
 dence ; cataract ; autumn. 
 
 Fal-la'cious, a. Deceitful. 
 
 F^l'la-gy, n. Deceitfulness ; 
 deception ; sophistry. 
 
 Fallen (fawln), p. p. from 
 "Fall. [to err. 
 
 FaPli-bil'i-ty, n. Liablencss 
 
 Fal'li-ble, a. Liable to err. 
 
 FalPing-sick/ness, n. Epi- 
 lepsy. 
 
 FaI'low, a. Pale red, or yel- 
 low ; plowed but not sown. 
 — n. Land left untilled. 
 False, a. Not true ; counter- 
 feit ; hypocritical. 
 False'ly, adv. Erroneously. 
 False'hdbd, ) n. Want of 
 Fals'i-ty, ] truth or ve- 
 racity ; a false assertion. 
 Fal-set'to, n. A kind of 
 voice in man above his nat- 
 ural voice. [hood. 
 Fal^si-fi-ea'tion, n. False- 
 Fal'si-fy, v. t. To counter- 
 feit ; to prove to be false. — 
 V. i. To tell lies. 
 Fal'ter, v. i. To hesitate in 
 speech ; to waver. [nown. 
 Fame, n. Reputation ; re- 
 Famed, a. Celebrated. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wolf, to"o, tobk ; Urn, rije, pi.ill ; ^, soft; c, g, hard; as ; exist ; y as ng ; this. 
 
FAMILIAR 
 
 108 
 
 FAVORABLE 
 
 Fa-mil'iar, a. Intimate ; ' 
 well-known ; knowing inti- 
 mately. — n. An intimate 
 acquaintance ; a demon. ! 
 Fa-mil-iar'i-ty, »K Intimate 
 acquaintance ; ease in in- ; 
 tercovirse. 1 
 Fa mil'iar-ize, v. t. To ac- 1 
 custom. [ly. j 
 
 Fa mil'iar-ly, arlv Intimate- 
 Fam'i-ly (19), n. Household ; : 
 lineage ; race ; class. \ 
 Fam'ine, n. Want of suffi- 
 cient food. 
 Fam'ish, v. i. To die of 
 hunger. — v. t. To destroy 
 with hunger ; to starve. 
 Fa'mous, a. Ilenowued; il- 
 lustrious; noted. 
 Fan (18), n. An instrument 
 to blow and cool the face ; 
 also one to winnow grain. — 
 V. t. To blow with a fan. 
 Fa-nat'i-c, ) a. Wild and } 
 Fa-nat'i€-al, ) enthusiastic i 
 in opinions. [siast. ! 
 
 Fa-nat'i€, n. A wild enthu- | 
 Fa-nat'i-Qism, n. Extrava- 
 gant notions ; religious : 
 frenzy. I 
 Fan'Qi-ful (13), a. Dictated 
 
 by fancy ; visionary. 
 Fan'Qy,w. Imagination; no- 
 tion ; groundless opinion ; 
 preference; taste. — ^". To 
 imagine ; to conceive. — a. 
 Pleasing the fancy, [dance. 
 Fan-dan'go, n. A Spanish 
 Fane, n~ A temple ; a church. 
 Fang, n. Tusk of an animal ; 
 
 claw ; talon. 
 Fan-tas'ti€, ) a. Fanciful ; 
 Fan-tas'ti€-al, ) whimsical. 
 Fan'ta-sy, n. A fancy ; con- 
 ceit; whimsey. 
 Far, a. Distant ; remote. — 
 adv. At a great distance ; 
 very much. 
 -Farge, n. A short, ludicrous 
 play. [farce. 
 Far'Qi-cal, a. Belonging to a 
 Fare, v. i. To be in any state, 
 good or bad ; to be enter- 
 tained. — n. Price of pas- 
 sage ; food. 
 Fare'well, or Fare-w611', n. 
 
 Act of taking leave. 
 Fare-well', inter j. Good by. 
 
 Fa-rPna or Fa-ri'na, n. 
 
 Pollen of flowers ; the flour 
 of grain, starch, &c. 
 Far'i-na'ceous, a. Consist- 
 ing of meal ; mealy. 
 Farm, n. Land occupied by 
 a farmer. — v. t. To lease or 
 rent for a price ; to culti- 
 Tate, as a farm. 
 Farm'er, n. One who culti- 
 vates a farm. [iug land. 
 Farm'ing, n. Practice of till- 
 Far'o, n. A game at cards. 
 Far-ra'go, n. A medley. 
 Far'ri-er, n. A horse-shoer ; 
 one who cures the diseases 
 of horses. [a farrier. 
 
 Far'ri-er-y, n. Business of 
 Far'r5w, 7i. A litter of pigs. 
 — a. Not producing a calf 
 in the year. — v. t. ori 
 bring forth, as pigs, 
 
 corpulent ; gross ^ greasy. 
 — V. To make or grow fat. 
 Fa'tal, a. Necessary ; dead 
 
 ly ; destructive. 
 Fa'tal-i§m, n. Doctrine of 
 
 fate or inevitable necessity. 
 Fa'tal-ist, n. One who holds 
 
 to fatalism. 
 Fa-tS,l'i-ty, n. Invincible ne- 
 cessity ; mortality. 
 Fa'tal-ly, at/r. Necessarily j 
 
 mortally. 
 Fate, n. Inevitable necessity ; 
 final lot; (/?/.) the destinies 
 supposed to preside over 
 men. — Syn. Destiny ; for- 
 tune ; doom ; death. 
 Fat'ed, a.' Decreed by fate. 
 Fa'ther, n. A male parent. — 
 V. t. To adopt as one's own. 
 To I Fa'ther-land, n. Native land 
 of one's fathers. [father. 
 
 Far'ther, n. Being at a great- ; Fa'tiier-less, a. Ilavir.g no 
 er distance. — adv. Beyond ; ^ Fa'ther-ly, a. Like a father ; 
 more remotely ; further. | paternal ; tender. 
 Far'tiiing, n. Fourth of a Fath'cm, 7i. Six feet. — v. 
 
 penny. [petticoat. 1 To sound the depth of. 
 
 Far'thin-gale, n. A hoop Fatii 'cm-less, a. Bottomless. 
 Fas'gi-nate, v. t. To charm; Fa-tigue' {-teegO, n. Great 
 to captivate. ' 
 
 FS-s^gi-na'tion, n. Act or 
 
 power of charming. 
 Fash'ion, n. Form ; custom ; 
 mode; style. — v. t. To 
 form ; to mold. 
 Fash'ion-a-ble, a. Accord- 
 
 weariness; toil. — V. t. To 
 weary to excess ; to tire. 
 Fat'ling, n. A fat animal. 
 Fat'ness, n. Fleshiness ; fer- 
 tility. 
 
 Fat'ten (fatvtn), v. To make 
 or grow fat. 
 
 ing to, or observant of, the F^t'ty, a. Containing, or 
 prevailing mode. I consisting of, fat ; greasy. 
 
 Fash'ion-a-bly, adv. In a Fa-iu'i-ty, n. Weakness of 
 
 fashionable manner. j mind. 
 
 Fast, V. i. To abstain from I Fat'u-ous, a. Feeble in mind ; 
 food. — n. Abstinence from I foolish ; silly ; impotent. 
 
 food. — a. Firmly fixed ; 
 steadfast ; rapid ; swift ; dis- 
 sipated. — adv. With speed. 
 Fast'-day, n. A day set 
 apart for fasting- and prayer, 
 
 Fau'get, n. A contrivance for 
 
 drawing liquors. 
 Fault, n. Want ; blt-mish ; a 
 
 defect ; offense ; failing. 
 Fault'less, a. Free from fault. 
 
 Fast'en (fas^n), v.t. To make Fault'y, a. Guilty of a fault; 
 
 firm ; to hold together. | defective ; imperfect. 
 Fast'en-ing, n. That which Faun, n. A rural deity. 
 
 confines or makes fiist. 
 Fas-tid'i-ous, a. Difficult to 
 
 please; squeamish. 
 Fast'ness, n. State of being 
 
 fast ; a strong fort. 
 Fat, n. An oily, concrete 
 
 animal substance. — a. 
 
 Abounding in fat ; plump ; 
 
 Fau'na, n. Entire group of 
 
 animals of a country. 
 Fa'vor (83), n. Kind regard-, 
 support ; mildness ; a gift. — 
 V. t. To countenance. 
 Fa'vor-a-ble, a. Propitious 
 to success ; kind ; advanta- 
 geous. 
 
 a, e, 1, 0, G, y, long ; fi, 6, i, o, u, y , short ; care, car, aak, aU, wh^t ; ere, v§il, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
FAVORABLY 
 
 109 
 
 FERRIAGE 
 
 Fa'vor-a-bly, adv. With fa- ' 
 vor or affection. [vors. i 
 
 ra'vor-er, n. One who fa- 
 
 Fa'vor-ite, n. A particular i 
 friend. — a. Esteemed ; pre- 
 ferred, [to fiivor a friend. | 
 
 ra'vor-it-ism, n. Disposition 
 
 Fawn, n. " A young fallow 
 deer. — v. i. To court, or 
 flatter servilely. 
 
 Fay ( 18 ), n. A fairy ; elf. [ty . 
 
 Fe'al-ty, n. Homage ; loyal- 
 Fear, n. Apprehension of 
 evil. — V. t. or i. To be 
 afraid ; to dre id. 
 
 Fear'ful, a. Afraid ; terrible. 
 
 Fear'fiil-ly, adv. In a fear- 
 ful manner. 
 
 Fear'Iess, a. Free from fear ; 
 undaunted ; intrepid, [fear. 
 
 Fear'less-ly, adv. Without 
 
 Fea^§i-bil'i-ty, ) n. Practi- 
 
 Fea'si-ble-ness, ) cabllity. 
 
 Fea'§i-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 ing performed ; practicable. 
 
 Feast, n. A sumptuous en- 
 tertainment ; a festival ; a 
 holiday. — v. To eat or en- 
 tertain sumptuously. 
 
 Feat, n. An extraoi-dinary 
 action ; exploit ; trick. 
 
 Feath'er, n. A plume; that 
 which forms the covering of 
 birds. — V. t. To cover with 
 plumage; to .adorn. 
 
 Flath'er-y, a. Covered with, 
 or resembling, feathers. 
 
 Feat'ure, n. Form or appear- 
 ance, especially of the face ; 
 lineament. 
 
 Feb'ri-fiige, n. A medicine 
 to cure fever. 
 
 Fe'brile, or Feb'rile, a. Per- 
 taining to fever. 
 
 Feb'ru-a-ry, n. The second 
 month of the year. 
 
 Fe'-eal, a. Containing feces. 
 
 Fe'Qe§, n. pi. Excrement ; 
 dregs. 
 
 Fee'u-lenge, n. Foul mat- 
 ter in liquors ; lees ; dregs. 
 Fe€'u-lent, a. Foul ; full of 
 dregs. [prolific. 
 Fe€'un-date, v. t. To make 
 Fe-e'un-da'tion, n. Act of 
 making fruitful. [ness. 
 Fe-eun'di-ty, n. Fruitful- 
 Fed, hnp. Sc p. p. of Feed. 
 
 Fed'er-al, a. Pertaining to a 
 
 league or contract. 
 Fed'er-a'tion, n. Union in a 
 
 league ; confederacy. 
 F6d'er-a-tive, a. Joining in 
 
 league ; confederating. 
 Fee (18), n. A reward; rec- 
 ompense ; perpetual right. 
 
 — V. t. To retain by a fee. 
 Fee'ble, a. Wanting in 
 
 strength or activity. — Syn. 
 
 Infirm ; imbecile ; languid. 
 Fee'ble-ness, n. Infirmity. 
 Fee'bly, adv. Weakly ; 
 
 faintly. 
 
 Feed,r.f. [imp. 8c p. p. fed.] 
 To give food to ; to supply. 
 
 — V. i. To eat ; to take food. 
 
 — n. Food; meat; pasture. 
 Feel, V. t. or i. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 FELT.] To perceive by the 
 touch ; to be affected ; to 
 experience. — n. Sensation 
 communicated by touching. 
 
 Feel'er, n. One who, or that 
 which, feels. 
 
 Feel'ing, n. Touch; sensi- 
 bility. — a. Full of sensibil- 
 ity ; tender. 
 
 Feel'ing-ly, adv. Tenderly. 
 
 Fee'-sim^ple, n. An absolute 
 or unconditional fee. 
 
 Feet, n. pi. of Foot. 
 
 Feign (fan), v. t. To pretend ; 
 to counterfeit. 
 
 Feint (fant), n. A false 
 show ; a pretense. 
 
 Fe-lig'i-tate, v. t. To make 
 happy ; to congratulate. 
 
 Fe-liQ'i-ta'tion, n. Kind 
 wish. [lightful. 
 
 Fc-lig'i-tous, a. Happy ; de- 
 
 Fe-liQ'i-ty, n. Great happi- 
 ness. — Syn. Bliss ; bliss- 
 fulness ; blessedness, [cats. 
 
 Fe'line, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Fell, a. Fierce ; savage ; cruel. 
 
 — V. t. To prostrate; to 
 hem, as a seam. — n. Hide 
 of a beast. — t*., imp. of 
 
 Fall. 
 
 Fel'15w, n. An associate or 
 equal ; a person. — v. t. To 
 match. 
 
 Fel'16w-ereat''iire, n. One 
 
 of the same race. 
 Fel'low-feePing, n. A like 
 feeling; sympathy 
 
 Ted, imp. Sc p. p. of Feed. \ feeling; sympathy. I ing a ferry. 
 
 S9n, or, dQ, wolf, too, took ; firn, rije, puiU ; 9, g, soft; -e, g, hard; ; exist ; 
 
 FePlow-ship, n. Society ; 
 foundation for maintaining 
 a resident scholar. 
 
 Fel'ly, n. Rim of a wheel. 
 
 Fe'lo-de-se^ n. A suicide. 
 
 Fel'on, n. One guilty of fel- 
 ony ; a painful tumor. 
 
 Fe-lo'ni-ous, a. Having the 
 quality of felony ; villain- 
 ous, [capital crime. 
 
 Fel'o-ny, n. A heinous ©r 
 
 Felt, imp. & p. p. of Feel. 
 — Cloth or stuff of wool. 
 
 Fe'male, n. One of the sex, 
 that bears young. — a. 
 Feminine. 
 
 Fem'i-nine, a. Pertaining to 
 females of the human race ; 
 tender ; effeminate. 
 
 Fen, n. A marsh ; a bog. 
 
 Fenge (18), n. A structure 
 to inclose land. — v. t. To 
 inclose with a fence. — v. i. 
 To practice fencing. 
 
 Fenge'less, a. Destitute of 
 a fence. 
 
 F6n'ging, n. Materials for 
 fences ; art of self-defense 
 with the sword. [off. 
 
 Fend, v. t. To repel ; to keep 
 
 Fend'er, n. One who, or that 
 which fends, or wards off. 
 
 Fen'nel, n. An aromatic 
 plant. 
 
 Fen'ny, a. Marshy ; boggy. 
 Feoff (ief), V. t. To invest 
 with the fee of land. [fee. 
 Feoffment, n. Grant of a 
 Fer'ment, w. Tumult; agita- 
 tion ; cause of agitation. 
 Fer-ment', v. t. To excite by 
 internal motion. — v.i. To 
 undergo fermentation. 
 Fer'men-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 fermenting, [fermentation. 
 Fer-m^nt'a-tive, a. Causing 
 Fern, n. A genus of plants. 
 Fe-ro'cioiis, a. Savage ; 
 
 cruel ; fierce. 
 Fe-r6g'i-ty, n. Savage wild-- 
 
 riess and fierceness ; cruelty. 
 Fer're-ous, a. Made of, or 
 
 pertaining to, iron. 
 Fer'ret (8), v. t. To drive 
 from a lodge. — n. x\n ani- 
 mal of the weasel kind. 
 Fer'ri-age, n. Fare for pass- 
 ing a ferry. 
 
 n as ng ; this. 
 
FERRUGINOUS 
 
 110 
 
 FILINGS 
 
 Fer-ru'gi-nous, a. Partaking 
 of, or containing, iron. 
 
 Fer'rule (-rii or -rjil), n. A 
 ring at the end of a stick. 
 
 Fer'ry, n. A place for pass- 
 ing a river or lake ; a boat. 
 — v:t. To convey over water 
 in a boat. [attends a ferry. 
 
 rer'ry-man (21), n. One who 
 
 Fer'tile, a. Fruitful ; pro- 
 ductive ; prolific ; rich. 
 
 Fer'til-ize, v. t. T© enrich, 
 as land. [soil. 
 
 Fer-til'i-ty, n. Richness of 
 
 Fer'ule (fer^ril or fer^rul), n. 
 A flat piece of wood for 
 punishing children. — v. t. 
 To punish with a ferule. 
 
 Fer'ven-Qy, n. Heat of mind. 
 
 Fer'vent, a. Warm ; ardent. 
 
 Fgr'vent-ly, adv. With fer- 
 vor, [ment. 
 
 Fer'vid, a. Warm ; vehe- 
 
 Fer'vor, n. Heat; ardor; 
 warmth of mind. 
 
 Fes'tal, a. Relating to a feast. 
 
 Fes'ter, v. i. To rankle.— 
 n. A sore that rankles and 
 discharges. 
 
 Fes'ti-val, a. Pertaining to a 
 feast.— n. A feast ; a solemn 
 or joyful anniversary. 
 
 Fes'tive, a. Gay ; mirthful ; 
 festal. [mirth ; gayety. 
 
 Fes-tiv'i-ty, n. Social joy or 
 
 Fes-tdbn', n. A 
 kind of wreath. 
 
 Fetch, V. t. To 
 go and bring ; 
 to bring ; to sell 
 for. — n. A 
 stratagem ; artifice ; trick. 
 
 Fete (I'at), n. A festival. — 
 V. t. To feast. [stinking. 
 
 Fet'id, a. lU-saielling ; 
 
 Fet'lock, n. Hair behind the 
 pastern joint of a horse. 
 
 Fet'ter, n. A chain for the 
 feet; a restraint. — v. t. To 
 chain; to shackle ; to bind. 
 
 Fe'tus, n. {pL Fe'tus-e§.) An 
 animal in the womb or egg. 
 
 Feud, n. Quarrel ; broil ; a 
 feudal tenure; a fief ; a fee. 
 
 Feiid'al, a. Held of a lord; 
 pertaining to fiefs or fees. 
 
 Feud'al-i§m, n. The system 
 of feudal tenures. 
 
 Festoon. 
 
 Fe'ver, n. A disease marked 
 by heat, thirst, and accel- 
 erated pulse, [slight fever. 
 
 Fe'ver-isli, a. Affected with 
 
 Few(fu), a. Not many ; small 
 in number. [number, j 
 
 Few'ness, n. Smallness of i 
 
 FPat, n. A decree ; command. \ 
 
 Fib, n. A story ; falsehood. — j 
 V. i. To tell what is false. | 
 
 Fi'ber )(29), n. A slender i 
 
 Fi'bre j thread ,or thread'- 
 like substance. , 
 
 Fi'bril, n. A small fiber.' 
 
 Fi'brous, a. Containing, or 
 consisting of, fibers, [mind. 
 
 Fick'le, a. Changeable in 
 
 Fick'le-ness, n. Inconstancy. 
 
 Fi€'tion, n. An invented 
 story ; a lie. — Syn. Fabri- 
 cation ; falsehood. 
 
 Fi-e-ti'tious (-tish/us), a. 
 Feigned ; counterfeit ; false. 
 
 Fid'dle, n. A violin. — v.i. To 
 play on a violin. [a fiddle. 
 
 Fid'dler, n. One who plays on 
 
 Fi-dePi-ty, n. Faithfulness ; 
 loyalty ; honesty ; integrity. 
 
 Fidg'et, V. i. To move by fits 
 and starts. — n. Uneasy 
 motion of the body. [easy. 
 
 Fidg'et-y, a. Restless ; un- 
 
 Fi-du'cial, ) a. Confident; 
 
 Fi-dii'ci-a-ry, ) held in trust. 
 
 Fi-du'ei-a-ry (-du/shl-), n. A 
 trustee. 
 
 Fie, interj. Denoting dislike. 
 
 Fief, n. An estate held of a 
 superior on condition of 
 military service ; a fee ; 
 feud. 
 
 Field, n. A piece of inclosed 
 land ; a battle-ground ; com- 
 pass ; extent. 
 Field'-mar'shal, n. A high 
 
 military title. 
 Field'-6f/fi-Qer, n. A major, 
 lieutenant-colonel, or colo- 
 nel, [non. 
 Field'-piege, n. A small can- 
 Fiend, n. An implacable foe; 
 
 the devil ; an infernal being. 
 Fierge, a. Violent ; eager in 
 
 attack ; furious ; ferocious. 
 Fierge'ly, adv. Furiously. 
 Fierge'ness, n. Violence ; 
 rage. 
 
 Fi'er-i-ness, n. Great heat. 
 
 Fi'er-y, a. Consisting of, or 
 
 like, fire ; hot ; irritable. 
 Fife, n. A small musical pipe. 
 
 — V. i. To play on a fife. 
 Fif'er, n. One who plays on 
 
 a fife. 
 
 Fifteen, a. Five and ten. 
 
 Fifth, a. The ordinal of five. 
 
 Fif ai-eth ( 13 ) , a. Next after 
 the forty-ninth. [added. 
 
 Fifty, a. Sum of five tens 
 
 Fig, n. A tree and its fruit. 
 
 Fight (fit), v. i. [imp. & p. 
 p. FOUGHT.] To contend in 
 battle or in single combat. 
 
 — V. t. To war against. — 
 n. A battle ; a combat. 
 
 Fight'er (fitter), n. One who 
 fights. [tion. 
 
 Fig'ment,n. Invention; fic- 
 
 Fig'u-rate, a. Of a certain 
 determinate form or figure. 
 
 Fig^u-ra'tion, »i. Act of giv- 
 ing figure or determinate 
 form. 
 
 Fig'u-ra-tive, a. Metaphori- 
 cal ; represented by figure. 
 
 Fig'ure, n. Shape; fashion; 
 image ; pattern ; a character 
 standing for a number ; a 
 type. — V. t. To make an 
 image of; to symbolize. — 
 V. i. To make a distin- 
 guished appearance. 
 
 Fil'a-ment, n. A slender 
 thread ; a fiber. 
 
 FiPa-ment'ous, a. Consist- 
 ing of filaments ; like a 
 thread. 
 
 Fil'a-tiire, n. The reeling of 
 silk from cocoons. 
 
 FiPbert, n. The nut of the 
 cultivated hazel. [fer. 
 
 Filch, V. t. To steal ; to pil- 
 
 File, n. A tool for smoothing 
 wood, iron, &c. ; a row; a 
 series ; bundle of papers. — 
 V. t. To smooth with a file ; 
 to place in order, as papers. 
 
 — V. i. To march in file. 
 Fil'ial (fil''yal), a. Becoming 
 
 a child. [son to a parent. 
 FiPi-a'tion, n. Relation of a 
 Fil'i-gree, n. Ornamental 
 
 work in gold or silver like 
 
 threads. 
 FiFings, M. pi. Particles 
 
 rubbed off by a file. 
 
 a, e, I, o, a, y, long ; 5, g, 1, 6, tt, y, short ; care, car, ask, ail, wh^t ; ore, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
FILL 
 
 111 
 
 FITTING 
 
 Fill, V. t. or i. To make or 
 become full. — n. Fullness. 
 
 Fil'let, n. A head band ; a 
 joint of meat. 
 
 Fii'li-bus'ter, n. A lawless 
 military adventurer. 
 
 Fil'lip, V. t. To strike with 
 the nail of , the finger forced 
 from the ball of the thumb. 
 — n. A jerk of the finger 
 from the thumb. 
 
 Fi'l'ly (19), n. A young mare. 
 
 Film, n. A thin skin. 
 
 Film'y, a. Composed of film. 
 
 Fil'ter, n. A strainer for 
 liquor. — v. t. To purify by 
 passing through a strainer. 
 
 Filth, n. Foul or dirty mat- 
 ter. 
 
 Filth'i-ness, n. Dirtiness. 
 
 Filth'y, a. Abounding in 
 filth. — Syn. Foul ; dirty ; 
 obscene ; impure. 
 
 Fil'trate, v. t. or i. To filter ; 
 to percolate. 
 
 Fil-tra'tion, n. Act of filter- 
 ing. 
 
 Fin, n. An organ of a fish. 
 Fi'nal, a. Ending ; conclu- 
 sive. 
 
 Fi'nal-ly, adv. In conclusion. 
 
 Fi-na'le, n. Last part of a 
 piece in music ; ending. 
 
 Fi-n3,nge', n. The science of 
 raising and investing money; 
 state income ; revenue; {pi.) 
 funds in the treasury. 
 
 Fi-nan'cial, a. Pertaining to 
 finance. 
 
 Fm'an-Qier', n. One skilled 
 in financial matters, [bird. 
 
 Finch, M. A small singing 
 
 Find, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 FOUND.] To discover; to 
 gain ; to furnish ; to estab- 
 lish. 
 
 Find'ingg, n. pi. The tools, 
 &c., which a journeyman 
 provides for himself. 
 
 Fine, a. Elegant ; showy ; 
 gay ; handsome ; keen ; 
 sharp ; nice ; exquisite. — n. 
 Penalty; forfeiture. — v. t. 
 To inflict a penalty on ; to 
 purify ; to refine. [ously. 
 
 Fine'ly, adv. Gaj'ly ; dexter- 
 
 Fine'ness, n. State or quali- 
 ty of being fine. 
 
 I Fin'er, n. One \vho purifies 
 
 metals. 
 
 Fin'er-y, n. Fine dress, jew- 
 els, trinkets, &c. ; splendor. 
 
 Fi-nesse', n. Art ; artifice ; 
 stratagem. — v. i. To use 
 stratagem. 
 
 Fin'ger, n. One of the five 
 extremities of the hand. — 
 v. t. To handle ; to touch. 
 
 Fin'i-eal, a. Allectedly fine. 
 
 Fi'nis, n. End ; conclusion. 
 
 Finnish, v. t. To bring to an 
 end ; to perfect. — n. That 
 which finishes ; last hard, 
 smooth coat of plaster. 
 
 Fin'ish-ing, n. That which 
 terminates or perfects, [ed. 
 
 Fi'nite, a. Bounded ; liniit- 
 
 Fin'ny, a. Furnished with 
 fins. 
 
 Fir, n. A tree allied to the 
 pines, or its wood. 
 
 Fire, n. Heat and light ; any 
 thing burning; passion. — 
 V. t. To set on fire ; to 
 kindle ; to discharge. — v. 
 i. To take fire. 
 
 Fire'-arm§, n. pi. Guns, pis- 
 tols, &c. [wood on fire. 
 
 FIre'-brand, n. A piece of 
 
 Fire'-damp, n. An explosive 
 gas in mines. 
 
 Fire'-en^gme, n. An engine 
 to extinguish fires. 
 
 Fire'-fly, n. A winged, lumi- 
 nous insect. 
 
 Fire'maii (21), n. A man 
 who extinguishes fires, or I 
 who tends the fires of a 
 steam-engine. 
 
 Fire'-plage, n. Part of a 
 chimney ; hearth. 
 
 Fire'-plug, t?. A plug for 
 drawing water at fires. 
 
 Fire'-prdbf, a. Incombus- 
 tible, [others on fire. 
 
 Fire'-ship, n. A ship to set 
 
 FIre'ward, ) n. An ofii- 
 
 Fire'ward-en, ) cer whose 
 duty is to guard against 
 fires. 
 
 Fire'wdbd, n. Wood for fuel. 
 Fire'-wcrks (-wurks), lupl. 
 
 Preparations of powder for 
 
 exploding in the air. 
 Fir 'kin, n. A vessel of eight 
 
 or nine gallons. i 
 
 Firm, a. Fixed : 5olid ; 
 strong ; compact. — n. A 
 partnership. 
 
 Firm'a-ment, w. The region 
 of the air ; the sky. 
 
 Firm'ly, adv. Strongly ; 
 steadily ; with fixedness. 
 
 Firm'ness, n. Compactness ; 
 solidity ; constancy. 
 
 First, a. Earliest ; foremost ; 
 chief. — adv. Before any 
 thing else. 
 
 First'-fruit§, n. pi. First 
 produce. [est excellence. 
 
 First'-rate, a. Of the high- 
 
 First'ling, n. Off"spring of 
 cattle first produced. 
 
 Fis€'al, a. Pertaining to a 
 public treasury. — n. Pub- 
 lic revenue ; a treasurer. 
 
 Fish (18), n. An animal liv- 
 ing in Avater, especially one 
 breathing by gills. — v. t. 
 To search, as for fish. — v. i. 
 To try to catch fish. 
 
 Fish'er-maii (21), n. One cm- 
 ployed in fishing. 
 
 Fish'er-y, n. The business or 
 place 6f fishing. 
 
 Fish'hobk, n. A hook for 
 catching fish. 
 
 Fish'ing, v. The practice of 
 catching fish. 
 
 Fish'-mon-'ger (-mung/ger), 
 n. A dealer in fish. 
 
 Fish'y, a. Tasting like a fish ; 
 fish-like. [spHt. 
 
 Fis'sile, a. Capable of being 
 
 Fis'siire (fish^ijr), 71. A 
 cleft ; a narrow chasm. 
 
 Fist, n. The hand clinched. 
 
 Fist'i-€uffs, n. pi. Blows with 
 the fist. [chronic abscess. 
 
 Fisfu-la, n. A deep, narrow, 
 
 Fist'u-lar, ) a. Hollow, like 
 
 Fist'u-loiis, j -a pipe. 
 
 Fit, 71. Attack of srasms, or 
 of disease ; a passing humor. 
 
 — a. Suitable ; convenient ; 
 proper. — v. t. (7) To suit ; 
 to adapt : to qualifv. 
 
 Fit'ful, a. Varied by fits. 
 Fit'ly, adv. Suitably ; con- 
 veniently. 
 Fit'ness, n. State of being fit. 
 
 — Syn. Adaptation ; just- 
 ness ; propriety. [priate. 
 
 Fit'ting, jt>. a. Fit; appro- 
 
 g6n, or, do, wglf, too, tdbk ; to, rue, pyll ; p, ^, soft ; g, hard; ; exist ; n as ng ; this. 
 
FIVE 
 
 112 
 
 FLEW 
 
 Five, w. Four and one. 
 
 Fix, V. t. To set firmly ; to 
 fasten. — v. i. To settle. 
 
 Fix-a'tion, n. Act of fixing ; 
 firm state. [ing fast. 
 
 Fix'ed-ness, n. State of be- 
 
 Fix'i-ty, n. Coherence ; fix- 
 edness. 
 
 Fixture (Hkst/yijr), n. Fixed 
 furniture, or appendage. 
 
 Fizz, ) V. i. To make a 
 
 Fiz'zle, ) hissing sound ; to 
 bungle. • [state. 
 
 Flab'bi-ness, n. A flabby 
 
 Flab'by, a. Soft ; yielding ; 
 loose ; easily shaking, [ber. 
 
 Fla-c'gid, a. Weak and lim- 
 
 Fla-e-Qid'i-ty, n. Laxness ; 
 want of tension. 
 
 Flag, V. i. To become weak ; 
 to droop. — V. t. To lay with 
 flags or flat stones. — n. 
 A plant ; a flat stone ; colors, 
 or an ensign. 
 
 Flag'el-late, V. t. To scourge. 
 
 Flag'el-la'tion, n. Act of 
 whipping. [flute. 
 
 Flag'eo-let, n. A kind of 
 
 Fla-gi'tious (-jTsh'us), a. Ex- 
 tremely wicked ; atrocious. 
 
 Flag'-6f'fi-ger, n. The com- 
 mander of a squadron. 
 
 ri3,g'on, n. A vessel with a 
 narrow mouth, for liquors. 
 
 Fia'gran-gy, n. Heinous- 
 ness ; enormity. 
 
 Fla'grant, a. Ardent ; enor- 
 mous ; eager ; notorious. 
 
 Fl^g'-ship, n. Ship which 
 bears the commander of a 
 squadron. 
 
 Fiag'-staff (20), n. A staff 
 to support, a flag. 
 
 Flag'-stone, n. A flat stone 
 for a pavement. 
 
 Flail, n. An instrurnent for 
 thrashing grain. 
 
 Flake, n. A scale of snow;' 
 a scale ; a scaffold. — v. t. 
 To form into flakes. — v. i. 
 To break into thin layers or 
 scales. [flakes. 
 
 Flak'y, a. Consisting of 
 
 Flam, n. A pretense ; a lie. 
 
 Flam'beau (nrim'bd), n. A 
 lighted torch. 
 
 Flame, n. Light emitted from 
 fire; blaze; ardor. — v. i. 
 
 To burn with a blaze ; to 
 
 shine as fire. 
 Flam'ing (11), a. Burning 
 
 with blaze ; bright ; violent. 
 Fla-min'go, n. ^ 
 
 A bird of a / ^-i^^ 
 
 bright red col- V^^^^^ 
 
 or, with long . . 
 
 legs and a long y]U, |\ 
 
 neck. 
 
 Flange, n. A^''^'''''n^^ 
 projecting edge namingo. 
 as on a car- 
 wheel. 
 
 Flank, n. Side of the body, 
 or of an arm)' or fleet. — r. 
 t. To attack or turn the 
 flank of ; to border on. 
 
 Flan'nel, n. A soft woolen 
 cloth of loose texture. 
 
 Flap, 71. A piece of cloth that 
 flaps ; noise or motion of a 
 flap. — V. t. To move as 
 wings. — V. i. To make a 
 motion as with wings. 
 
 Flap'jack, n. A griddle-cake. 
 
 Flap'per, n. One who, or 
 that which, flaps. 
 
 Flare, v. i. To waver ; to 
 burn with an unsteady light. 
 — n. An unsteady light. 
 
 Flash, n. A sudden burst of 
 light. — V. i. To burst sud- 
 denly, as light. [sipid. 
 
 Flash'y, a. Gay ; showy ; in- 
 
 Flask, n. A narrow-necked 
 bottle ; a powder-horn. 
 
 Fl^t, a. Level ; insipid ; posi- 
 tive : in music, depressed. — 
 n. A level piece of land ; 
 a shoal ; mark of depres- 
 sion (b) in music. — v. t. To 
 make flat. — v. i. To be- 
 come flat. 
 
 Flat'ly, adv. Horizontally : 
 peremptorily. 
 
 Fiat'ness, n. State of being 
 flat. [grow flat. 
 
 Fiat'ten, V. To make or 
 
 ♦Fiat'ter, V. t. To praise false- 
 ly, [ters. 
 
 Fl§,t'ter-er, n. One who flat- 
 
 Fiat'ter-y, n. Act of flatter- 
 ing ; adulation. 
 
 F15,t'u-lenge, n . Wind in the 
 stomach or intestines. 
 
 Flat'u-lent, n. Windy ; pro- 
 ducing wind in the stomach. 
 
 Flaunt, V. i. To display os- 
 tentatiously. 
 
 Fla'vor (33), n. A peculiar 
 taste or smell ; relish ; savor. 
 — V. t. To give a pleasant 
 taste or smell to. 
 
 Flaw, n. A break ; sudden 
 gust; defect. — v. t. To 
 break ; to crack ; to violate. 
 
 Flaw'y, a. Having flaws. 
 
 Flax, n. A plant from th« 
 fiber of the bark of which 
 linen is made. 
 
 Flax'en, a. Like, or pertain- 
 ing to, flax. [skin of 
 
 Flay, v. t. To strip off the 
 
 Flea,n, A troublesome insect. 
 
 Fleam, n. An instrument 
 for opening veins. 
 
 Fleck, V. t. To spot; to 
 streak or stripe. 
 
 Fle-C'tion, n. Act of bending. 
 
 Fled, iynp. 8c p. p. of Flee. 
 
 Fledge, v. t. To furnish with 
 feathers, [bird just fledged. 
 
 Fledge'ling, n. A young 
 
 Flee, V. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 FLED.] To run away with 
 rapidity. 
 
 Fleege, n. Coat of wool that 
 covers a sheep. — v. t. To 
 deprive of, or as of, a fleece. 
 
 Flee'gy , a. Covered with wool. 
 
 Fleer, v. i. To grin with 
 scorn ; to deride. — n. De- 
 rision ; mockery. 
 
 Fleet, a. Moving with Te- 
 locity ; quick in motion. — n. 
 A number of ships in com- 
 pany ; a navy. — v. i. To 
 pass swiftly ; to flit. 
 
 Fleet'ing, a. Not durable. — 
 Syn. Transient; transitory. 
 
 Fleet 'ness, n. Swiftness. 
 
 Flem'ish, a. Pertaining to 
 Flanders. 
 
 F16sh, n. Softer solids of ani- 
 mals ; animal nature ; hu- 
 man family. — v. t. To feed 
 with flesh ; to glut ; to ac- 
 custom. 
 
 Flesh'-<56For (-ktlPur), n. 
 The color of the flesh. 
 
 Flesh'i-ness (13), n. Corpu- 
 lence, [real ; carnal. 
 
 FlSsh'ly, a. Animal ; corpo- 
 
 Flesh'y, a. Corpulent; fat. 
 
 Flew (flu), imp. of Fly. 
 
 a, 6,1,0 ii,y,iow.ff; a,g,i, o,ii. 
 
 1, short; c^re, car, &sk, all, wh^t ; Ore, vgil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
FLEX 
 
 113 
 
 FLUVIATIC 
 
 Flex, V. t. To bend. 
 
 Flex'i-bil'i-ty, n. Pliancy. 
 
 Flex'i-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 ing bent. — Syn. Pliant; 
 tractable ; yielding. 
 
 F16x'ion (nek'shun), n. Act 
 of bending ; a fold ; a turn. 
 
 Flgx'u-ous (flek/shjj-), a. 
 Bending ; winding. 
 
 Flex'ure (flek-'shjjr), n. A 
 bending or winding. 
 
 Flick'er, v. i. To flutter ; to 
 flap the wings as a bat. 
 
 FlPer, n. One that flies. 
 
 Flight (flit), n. Act of flying ; 
 flock of birds. 
 
 Flight'i-ness (riit'-) n. Ca- 
 pricious feeling ; delirium. 
 
 Flight'y (nit/5'), a. Wild; 
 fanciful; fleeting. 
 
 Flim'§i-ness, n. Thin, weak 
 texture. [feeble. 
 
 Flim'gy, a. Slight; weak; 
 
 Flmch, V. i. To draw back ; 
 to shrink, from irresolution. 
 
 Fling, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 FLUNG.] To cast from the 
 hand. — v. i. To flounce; 
 to utter harsh language. — 
 n. A gibe ; a sneer. 
 
 Flint, n. A very hard stone. 
 
 Flint'y, a. Made of, or re- 
 sembling, flint ; hard. 
 
 Flip, n. A drink made of beer, 
 spirit, and sugar, heated. 
 
 Flip'pan-Qy, n. Volubility. 
 
 Flip'pant, a. Voluble; pert. 
 
 Flip'pant-ly, adv. In a flip- 
 pant manner. 
 
 Flirt, V. t. To throw with a 
 jerk. — V. i. To coquet. — 
 n. A jerk ; a coquette. 
 
 Flir-ta'tion, w. Desire of at- 
 tracting notice ; coquetry. 
 
 Flit (7), t. To flutter; to 
 dart along ; to remove. 
 
 Flitch, n. A side of pork cured. 
 
 Float, n. Something that 
 swims; a raft. — v. t. or i. 
 To swim on the surface. 
 
 Fl6€'€U-lent, a. Adhering 
 in small locks. 
 
 Flock, n. A collection of 
 .^m.iU animals ; a lock of 
 wool. — V. i. To gather in | 
 a crowd ; to assemble. 
 
 ^'lock'-bgd, n. A bed filled 
 M ith locks of wool. I 
 
 Floe, n. A mass of floating 
 ice. [to chastise. 
 
 F16g,_v. t. To whip ; to lash ; 
 
 Fldg'ging, n. Chastisement. 
 
 Flood (flud),n. Flow of tide; 
 the sea ; inundation. — v t, 
 To overflow ; to inundate. 
 
 Flood'-gate, n. A gate to 
 stop or let out water. 
 
 Floor, n. The bottom of a 
 room or of a building; a 
 story; platform. — v. t. To 
 cover with a floor ; to pros- 
 trate ; to silence. [floors. 
 
 Floor'ing, n. Materials for 
 
 Flo'ra, n. All the vegetable 
 species native in a given lo- 
 cality or period. [flowers 
 
 Flo'ral, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Flo'ret, n. A small or partial 
 flower. 
 
 Flor'id, a. Flushed with red. 
 
 Flo-rid'i-ty, n. Freshness or 
 brightness of color. 
 
 F16r'in, n. A coin of differ- 
 ent values. 
 
 Flo'rist, n. One who culti- 
 vates flowers. 
 
 Flot'age, n. Act of floating ; 
 something that floats. 
 
 Flo-til'la, n. A little fleet. 
 
 Fldt'sam, ) n. Goods floating 
 
 Fldt'son, ) on the sea. 
 
 Flounge, v. t. To deck with 
 flounces. — v. i. To struggle 
 violently ; to flounder. — n. 
 Trimming on apparel ; a 
 sudden jerk or dash. 
 
 Floun'der, v. i. To flounce ; 
 to struggle vio- 
 lently. — 71. A 
 flat fish allied 
 to the hali- 
 but. Flounder. 
 
 Flour, n. The fine part of 
 ground grain. — v. t. To 
 sprinkle with flour. 
 
 Flour'ish (flfir/ish), v. To 
 thrive; to embellish; to 
 brandish . — n. ( 18 ) Decora- 
 tion ; show; parade of 
 words ; musical embellish- 
 ment. 
 
 Flout, V. t. To treat with 
 contempt. — v. i. To sneer. 
 — n. Contemptuous fling. 
 
 Flow (flo), -u. ?'. To move, as a 
 liquid; to rise as the tide; 
 
 to hang loo.se and waving. 
 
 — v.t. To cover with water. 
 
 — n. A stream ; current. 
 Flow'er (flour), n. The blos- 
 som of a plant ; choicest 
 part. — V. i. To blossom 
 forth. — V. t. To embellish 
 with figures. 
 
 Flow/er-de-luQe',n. A plant 
 of several species ; iris. 
 
 Flow'er-y,a. Full of flowers; 
 highly ornamented. 
 
 F16w'ing,a. Liquid; fluent. 
 
 F15wn, p. p. of Flee or Fly. 
 
 Flu€t'u-ate, v. i. To waver ; 
 to rise and fall. 
 
 Flu-et-'u-a'tion, n. Sudden 
 rise and fall ; undulation. 
 
 Fliie , n. A passage for smoke. 
 
 Flu'en-gy, n. Facility of ut- 
 terance, [copious. 
 
 Flu'ent,a. Flowing ; voluble ; 
 
 Flii'ent-ly, adv. With flow 
 of utterance ; volubly. 
 
 Flu'id, a. Having parts which 
 easily move, as water or air. 
 
 — n. A fluid substance. 
 Flu-id'i-ty, n. QuaUty of 
 
 being fluid. 
 
 Fluke, n. The part of an 
 anchor which fastens in the 
 ground. [ter. 
 
 FlGme, n. A channel for wa- 
 
 Flum'mer-y, n. A kind of 
 jelly ; flattery ; nonsense. 
 
 Flung, imp. & p.p.of Fling. 
 
 Flur'ry, n. A hasty blast; 
 sudden commotion. — v. t. 
 To agitate. 
 
 Flush, a. Fresh ; full of vig- 
 or ; affluent ; liberal. — n. 
 A flow of blood to the face. 
 
 — V. i. To redden* suddenly. 
 
 — t'. t. To make red ; to 
 start ; to cause to flush. 
 
 Flus'ter, v. t. To confuse. 
 F|ute, n. A musical pipe. — 
 t. To furrow or channel. 
 Fllit'ist, n. A performer on 
 * tJie flute. 
 
 Flut'ter (8), v. i. To move or 
 flap the wings rapidly ; to 
 fluctuate. — v.t. To agitate ; 
 to hurry the mind. — n. 
 hurry ; confusion. 
 Flu'vi-al, ) a. Relating to, 
 Flu/vi-at'i-c, j or growing 
 in, a river. 
 
 son , or, do, W9lf, tOb, tcTok ; tim, rije, pull ; ^, soft; €, g, hard; as ; exist ; D as ng ; tliis. 
 
FLUX 
 
 lU 
 
 FOREBODING 
 
 Flux, n. A flowing ; a sub- 
 stance for melting metals ; 
 dysentery. 
 
 riux'ion (fluk/shun), n. A 
 flowi ng ; a method of mathe- 
 matical analysis. 
 
 Fly, V. 1. [imp. FLEW ; p. V- 
 FLOWN.] To move with 
 the wings ; to move rapidly. 
 
 — n. (19) A winged insect. 
 Fly '-blow, n. The egg of a 
 
 fiy . _ V. t.^ To lay an egg in 
 
 or on, as a fly. 
 Fly'-leaf, n. A blank leaf at 
 
 the beginning or the end of 
 
 a book. 
 Foal,n. The young of a mare. 
 
 — V. i. To bring forth a colt. 
 Foam, I', t. To froth ; to be 
 
 in a rage. — n. Froth ; rage. 
 
 Foam'y, a. Covered with 
 foam or froth ; frothy. 
 
 F6b, n. A small watch-pocket. 
 
 Fo'cal, a. Belonging to a fo- 
 cus. 
 
 Fo'-cus, n. ipl. Fo'-cus-es, 
 Fo'Qi, 25.) A point in which 
 rays of light meet; a cen- 
 tral point. 
 
 FSd'der, n. Food for cattle. 
 V. t. To feed, as cattle. 
 
 Foe (18), n. An enemy ; an 
 adversary ; an ill-wisher. 
 
 F6g, n. A thick vapor from 
 the earth or water. 
 
 Fog'gi-ness (13), n. State of 
 being foggy, [filled with fog. 
 
 F6g'gy, a. Dark with a fog ; 
 
 F6'gy, n. A stickler for old 
 things ; one opposed to prog- 
 ress, [ness ; a failing. 
 
 Foi'ble, n, A moral weak- 
 Foil, f. t. To frustrate; to de- 
 feat. — n. Defeat; a blunt 
 sword; a thin leaf of metal. 
 
 Foist, V. t. To insert wrong- 
 fully or secretly. 
 
 Fold, n. A doubling ; a plait ; 
 a pen for sheep. — v. To 
 double over. 
 
 Fold'er, n. An instrument to 
 fold paper. [with scales. 
 
 Fo^li-a'ceous, a. Leafy or 
 Fo'li-age, n. Leaves of trees. 
 F5']i-ate, v. t. To beat into 
 a thin plate. [plates. 
 Fo'li-a'tion,n. A beating into 
 F6'li-o (fo/li-o or foKyo, 18), n. 
 
 A book of two leaves to a 
 sheet ; a page. 
 Folk (fok), or Folks (toks),n. 
 
 pi. People in general. 
 F61'li-ele, n. A pod opening 
 
 down the inner suture. 
 Fol'low, V. To go or come 
 after ; to imitate; to suc- 
 ceed ; to result. 
 F61'low-er, n. One who fol- 
 lows ; a diseiple. 
 Fdl'ly, n. Want of sense ; ab- 
 surdity ; criminal weakness. 
 Fo-ment', v. t. To apply lo- 
 tions to ; to encourage. 
 Fo^'men-ta'tion, n. A bath- 
 ing with warm lotions. 
 Fond, a. Foolish ; silly ; lov- 
 ing ; relishing highly. 
 Fdn'dle, v. t. To treat with 
 
 tenderness ; to caress. 
 Fond'ling, n. One fondled or 
 
 caressed much. 
 F6nd'ly, adv. Lovingly. 
 Fond'ness, n. Affection ; love. 
 F6nt, n. A baptismal basin ; 
 
 an assortment of type. 
 Fdbd,n. That which supplies 
 nutriment. — Syn. Suste- 
 nance ; provisions ; fare. 
 Fool, w . One destitute of rea. 
 son ; a buffoon. — v,t. To 
 impose on. 
 FdbPer-y, n. Acts of folly. 
 Fobl'-hard^y, a. Madly rash 
 
 or adventurous. 
 Fdbl'ish, a. Silly ; indiscreet. 
 Fdbl'ish-ly, adv. Weakly ; 
 
 absurdly. 
 FdbPish-ness, n. Want of 
 
 understanding ; folly. 
 Fools '-cap, n. A long folio 
 
 wridng paper. 
 Fdbt (21), n. That on which 
 a thing stands ; the bottom 
 of the leg ; 12 inches ; meas- 
 ure in poetry ; infantry. — 
 V. i. To dance ; to walk. — 
 V. t. To kick ; to tread ; to 
 snm up. 
 Fdbt '-ball, n. An inflated 
 
 ball for kicking about. 
 Fdbt'- *oy, n. A boy in livery. 
 Fdbt'ing, n. Ground for the 
 
 foot ; firm position. 
 Fdbt'man (21), n. A man- 
 servant. 
 Fdbt'pM, n. A highwayman. 
 
 F(5bt'-path, n. A way for 
 
 foot-passengers . 
 Fdbt'step, n. Mark of a foot ; 
 
 track ;_mark; way. [feet. 
 Fdbt'stdbl, n. A stool for the 
 F6p , n. A vain , trifling fellow ; 
 
 a coxcomb ; a dandy. 
 F6p'per-y, n. Foolish vanity 
 
 in dress or manners. 
 F6p'pish,«. Fop-like ; vain ; 
 
 gaudy ; affected. 
 F6p'pish-ness, n. Foppish 
 
 dress or manners. 
 For, prep. In the place of; 
 
 because of. — conj. Because. 
 FSr'age, n. Food for horses 
 
 or cattle ; provisions. — v.i. 
 
 To go in search of provision 
 
 for horses. 
 F6r^a§-much', adv. or conj. 
 
 Since ; seeing. 
 Fo-ray', or F6r'ay, n. A 
 
 pillaging excursion. 
 For-bMe', mip. of Forbid. 
 For-bear', v. i. or t. [imp. 
 
 FORBORE ; p. p. FOR- 
 BORNE.] To cease; to ab- 
 stain ; to delay. 
 
 For-be&r'ange, n. Long- 
 suffering ; abstinence. 
 
 For-bid', t*. t. [imp. forbid ; 
 
 p. p. FORBIDDEN.] To 
 
 command not to do ; to pro- 
 hibit. 
 
 For-bid'ding, a. Repulsive. 
 For-borne', p. p. from For- 
 bear. 
 
 Forge, n. Strength ; active 
 power ; vigor ; efficacy ; ar- 
 mament. — V. t. To compel ; 
 to urge ; to ravish. 
 
 Forge'- meat, n. Spiced meat 
 chopped fine. 
 
 For'gi-ble (11), a. Manifest- 
 ing force ; violent; mighty. 
 
 For'gi-bly, adv. With force. 
 
 Ford, n. A shallow place 
 where water is passed on 
 foot. — V. t. To pass by wad- 
 ing, [foot. 
 
 Ford'a-ble, a. Passable on 
 
 F5re, a. Coming or going 
 first. — adv. Before; in the 
 forepart. [forehand. 
 
 Fore-arm', v. t. To arm be- 
 
 Fore-bode', v.t. To prognos- 
 ticate ; to predict, [cation . 
 
 Fore-bod'ing, n. Prognosti- 
 
 a,€,I,5,u,y,;ow^/ 5,B,!,6,u,5^, short; care, car, ask, gU.wh^t; gre,vfiil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
FORECAST 
 
 115 
 
 rORTIFICATIOlJ 
 
 Fore-€ast', v. To plan before- 
 hand. 
 
 Fore'iJast, n. Contrivance be- 
 forehand ; foresight. 
 
 r6re'€&s-tle (-k^s-l),n. The 
 forepart of a ship, under 
 deck, where the sailors live. 
 
 Fore-eloge', v. t. To shut up ; 
 to preclude; to cut off from 
 right of redemption. 
 
 rore-€lo§'iire (-klo^'zhijr), n. 
 Act of precluding. 
 
 Fore'fa-ther, n. An ancestor. 
 
 Fore'fin-ger, n. The finger 
 next to the thumb. 
 
 Fore-go', v. t. [p.p. fore- 
 gone.] To forbear ; to pos- 
 sess to give up. [forehand. 
 
 Fore-g6ne', a. Formed be- 
 
 Fore'ground, n. The front 
 part of a picture. 
 
 Fore'hand-ed, a. Early; 
 timely ; easy in property. 
 
 F6re'h6ad (forced), n. Upper 
 part of the face. 
 
 FSr'eign ( f or'in ), a. Belong- 
 ing to another country ; not 
 to the purpose. — Syn. 
 j Alien ; remote ; extrinsic. 
 
 F6r'eign-er (tor'in-), n. An 
 alien, or one from another 
 country. [know before. 
 
 Fore-know' (-noO, ^- t. To 
 
 Fore-kn6wl'edge (-noKej), 
 n. Knowledge of future 
 events. [or cape. 
 
 Fore'land, n. A promontory 
 
 Fore'ldck, A lock of hair 
 on the forehead. 
 
 Fore'man (21), n. The chief 
 man of a jury, or in a shop. 
 
 Fore'most, a. First in order. 
 
 Fore'nobn, n. First half of 
 the day. [courts of law. 
 
 Fo-ren'si€, a. Relating to 
 
 F5re/or-dain', v. t. To or- 
 I dain beforehand. 
 I Fore-6r/di-na'tion, n. Pre- 
 i vious appointment. 
 ' Fore'part, n. Part before. 
 ' Fore-run', v. t. To precede. 
 1 Fore-run'ner, n. One sent 
 before ; a precursor. 
 
 Fore-see', r. t. [p.p. fore- 
 seen.] To see beforehand. 
 
 Fore-.'^how', v. t. [p. p. fore- 
 shown.] To indicate be- 
 forehand. 
 
 Fore'sTght (-sit), n. A seeins: 
 
 beforehand. [wood. 
 F6r'est, n. An exten.sive 
 Fore-stall', v. t. To buy, as 
 
 goods,'betore they reach the 
 
 market. 
 F6r'est-er, n. One who 
 
 guards, or who lives, in a 
 
 forest. 
 
 Fore'taste, n. Anticipation, 
 — V. t. To anticipate. 
 
 Fore-tell', v. [imp. & p. p. 
 foretold.] To predict. 
 
 Fore'thought (-thawt), n. 
 Previous thought ; provi- 
 dent care. [show. 
 
 F5re-t5'ken, v. t. To fore- 
 
 Fore'top, n. Platform at the 
 head of a mast. 
 
 For-6v'er, adv. Through 
 endless ages ; to eternity. 
 
 F5re-warn', v. t. To warn 
 beforehand. [admonition. 
 
 Fore-warn'ing, n. Previous 
 
 F6r'feit '(f6r/i'it), v. t. To lose 
 by an offense. — n. What is 
 lost b}' an offense. 
 
 F6r'feit-a-ble, a. Subject to 
 forfeiture. 
 
 F6r'feit-ure, n. Act of for- 
 feiting ; thing forfeited. 
 
 For-gave', hnp. of Forgive. 
 
 Forge, n. A place where iron 
 is beaten into form. — v. t. 
 To form by hammering ; to 
 counterfeit. 
 
 For'ger, n. One who forges. 
 
 For'ger-y, n. Act of coun- 
 terfeiting or falsifying. 
 
 For-get', V. t. [imp. for- 
 got ; p. p. FORGOT, for- 
 gotten.] To lose the re- 
 membrance of. . 
 
 For-get'ful, n. Apt to forget. 
 
 For-get'ful-ness, n. Aptness 
 to forget; neglect. 
 
 For-give', v. t. [imp. for- 
 gave ; p. p. FORGIVEN.] 
 To pardon. 
 
 For-give'ness, n. Pardon. 
 
 For-g6t', imp. & p. p. from 
 Forget. [get. 
 
 For-got'ten, p. p. from For- 
 
 F6rk,r. /. or t. To shoot into 
 branches ; to divide. — n. 
 An instrument with prongs. 
 
 Forked (forkt), a. Divided 
 into branches or prongs. 
 
 For-lorn', a. Forsaken and 
 wretched ; helpless. 
 
 Form, n. Shape; figure; 
 method ; manner ; model ; 
 order ; show. — v.t. To give 
 shape to ; to model ; to plan. 
 
 Form, n. A long bench. 
 
 Form'al, a. According to 
 form ; stiff ; precise ; exact. 
 
 Form'al -ist, n. An observer 
 of forms. 
 
 For-m5,l'i-ty,n. Observance 
 of ceremony. [to forms. 
 
 Form'al-ly, adv. According 
 
 For-ma'tion, n. Act of form- 
 ing ; creation ; production. 
 
 Form'a-tive, a. Forming or 
 tending to form. — n. A 
 word formed agreeably to 
 some analogy. 
 
 Form'er, n. One who forms. 
 
 For'mer, a. First of two ; 
 preceding ; previous. 
 
 F6r'mer-ly, adv. In time 
 past; of old; heretofore. 
 
 F6r'mi-da-ble, a. Adapted 
 to excite fear ; tremendous. 
 
 F6r'mi-da-bly, adv. So as to 
 excite fear. [form. 
 
 F6rm'u-la (25), n. Prescribed 
 
 F6rm'u-la-ry, n. A book of 
 stated forms. — a. Stated. 
 
 F6r/ni-ea'tion, n. Inconti- 
 nence of unmarried persons. 
 
 For'ni-ca^tor, n. One guilty 
 of fornication. 
 
 For-sake', v. t. [imp. for- 
 sook ; p. p. FORSAKEN.] 
 To quit entirely. — Syn. 
 To abandon ; reUnquish. 
 
 For-sak'en, a. Abandoned. 
 
 For-sdbth', adv. In truth. 
 
 For-swear', r. t. or t. [imp. 
 
 FORSVV^ORE ; p. p. FOR- 
 SWORN.] To renounce or 
 deny upon oath ; to swear 
 falsely. 
 
 Fort, n. A fortress ; castle. 
 F5rte, n. That in which one 
 excels. 
 
 Forth, adv. Forward ; abroad. 
 
 Forth-eom'ing (-kum'ing), 
 a. Ready to appear. 
 
 Forth-with' or Forth-with', 
 adv. Immediately. 
 
 F6r'ti-fi-€a'tion, n. Military 
 architecture ; a work for de- 
 fense ; a fortified place. 
 
 «6n, or, dg, w^lf, tob, t(5bk; fim, rjje, pyll ; p, soft; «, g, hard; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
FORTIFY 
 
 116 
 
 FREE 
 
 F6r'ti-fy, v. t. To erect works 
 for the defense of ; to con- 
 firm. 
 
 For'ti-tude, n. Firmness of 
 mind to endure. — Syn. 
 Resolution ; endurance. 
 
 Fort'night (-mt), n. The 
 space of two weeks. 
 
 For'tress, n. A fortified place. 
 
 For-tu'i-tous, a. Accidental. 
 
 For-tu'i-ty, n. Any thing oc- 
 curring by chance. 
 
 F6rt'u-nate, 'a. Lucky ; suc- 
 cessful, [fully. 
 
 F6rt-u-nate-ly,rtc??'. Success- 
 
 Fort'une (tort/yun), n. The 
 good or ill that befalls man ; 
 luck; riches. — v. i. To 
 happen ; to befall. 
 
 For'ty, a. Four tens added. 
 
 Fo'rum (18), n. A public 
 place in Rome ; court of 
 justice; tribunal. 
 
 For 'ward, a. Being before; 
 prompt ; bold. — v. t. To 
 advance; to promote. — adv. 
 In front ; onward. 
 
 For'ward-ness, n. Eager- 
 ness ; promptness. 
 
 F6sse, n. A ditch ; a moat. 
 
 Fos'sil, a. Dug from the 
 earth. — n. A petrified plant 
 or animal dug from the 
 earth. 
 
 F6s^sil-if' er-ous, a. Contain- 
 ing fossil remains. 
 
 Fos'ter, v. t. To nurse ; to 
 feed ; to cherish. 
 
 Fos'ter-broth^er, n. One 
 nursed at the same breast. 
 
 Fos'ter-chlld, n. A child 
 nursed by another than its 
 parent. 
 
 Fotii'er, n. A weight of lead. 
 Fought (fawt), imp. and p.p. 
 
 of Fight. 
 Foul, a. Turbid ; impure; de- 
 filed ; not clear or fair. — 
 
 V. t. To make foul. 
 Foul'ly, adv. Filthily. 
 Foul'ness, n. Filthiness. 
 Found, imp. & p. p. of Find. 
 
 — V. t. To lay a basis ; to 
 
 cast of metal. 
 Foun-da'tion, n. Settlement ; 
 
 bottom ; support. 
 Found'er, n. One who 
 
 founds or builds ; a caster of 
 
 wares. — v.i. To fill and 
 sink. — V. t. To make lame, i 
 Foun'der-y, ) n. A place for 
 Found'ry, j casting met- 
 als. 
 
 Found'ling, n. A deserted 
 
 or exposed child. 
 Fount, ) n. A spring ; 
 Fountain, j source ; jet ; 
 
 head of a river ; first cause. 
 Four, a. Two and two added. 
 Four'fdbt-ed, a. Having four 
 
 feet. 
 
 Fpur'i-er-i§m, n. The scheme 
 of Fourier for the reorgan- 
 ization of society. 
 
 Four'S€ore, a. Eighty. 
 
 Four'teen, n. Four and ten. 
 
 Fourth, a. Next after the 
 third. [place. 
 
 Fourth'ly, adv. In the fourth 
 
 Fowl, n. A winged animal ; 
 a bird. — v. i. To catch or 
 kill wild fowl. 
 
 Fowl'er, n. A sportsman who 
 catches birds. 
 
 Fowl'ing-pigge, n. A gun for 
 shooting birds, 
 
 F6x, n. A wild 
 animal remark- 
 able for its cun 
 ning. 
 
 Fra'^as (18), n. A noisy quar- 
 rel. 
 
 Fr^€'tion, n. Part of an in- 
 teger or whole number. 
 
 Fra€'tion-al, «. Pertaining 
 to, or consisting in, frac- 
 tions. 
 
 Fra^aious (frak'shus), a. 
 Cross ; fretful. 
 
 Fra€t'ure, n. A breach of a 
 solid. — V. t. To break or 
 crack, as a bone. 
 
 Frag'ile, a. Easily broken ; 
 brittle ; weak. 
 
 Fra-giPi-ty, n. Brittleness ; 
 frailty ; weakness. 
 
 Frag'ment, n. A piece bro- 
 ken off ; a small portion. 
 
 Frag'ment-a-ry, a. Com- 
 posed of fragments. 
 
 Fra'granQC, n. Sweetness of 
 smell. 
 
 Fra'grant, a. Sweet-smell- 
 ing. 
 
 Frail, a. Weak ; liable to er- 
 ror ; of easy virtue. 
 
 Fox. 
 
 FraiPty, n. Weakness ; in- 
 firmity ; foible. 
 
 Frame, v. t. To construct ; 
 to adjust and put together ; 
 to form. — n. Fabric ; 
 structure ; timbers of an 
 edifice ; form ; humor. 
 
 Frame'- work (-wurk), tu 
 The frame. 
 
 Fran€, n. A French coin, 
 value of 18 cents, 6 mills. 
 
 Fran'chise (fran/chiz), n. A 
 privilege ; immunity. 
 
 Fran'chige-ment, n. Re- 
 lease, [break. 
 
 Fran^gi-ble, a. Liable to 
 
 Frank, a. Free in uttering 
 sentiments ; without dis- 
 guise; candid; ingenuous. 
 — n. A free letter, or that 
 which makes it so. — v. t. 
 To exempt from postage. 
 
 Frank-in'gense, or Frank'- 
 in-gense, n. A fragrant 
 resinous substance. [ly. 
 
 Fr3,nk'ly, adv. Freely ; open- 
 
 Frank'ness, n. Ingenuous- 
 ness ; openness. 
 
 Fran'ti€, a. Transported 
 with passion ; wild. 
 
 Fra-ter'nal, a. Brotherly. 
 
 Fra-ter'ni-ty, n. A brother- 
 hood. 
 
 Fra'ter-nTze, or Fra-ter'- 
 nlze, V. i. To associate as 
 brothers. 
 
 Frat'ri-Qide, n. Murder, or 
 the mhrderer, of a brother. 
 
 Fraud, n. Deception ; deceit. 
 
 Fraud'u-lenge, w. Fraud ; 
 deceitfulness. 
 
 Fraud'u-lent, a. Deceitful; 
 crafty ; trickish. 
 
 Fraught (frawt), a. Loaded ; 
 laden ; filled ; full. 
 
 Fray, n. A quarrel ; a riot. 
 
 Freak, n. A whim ; a no- 
 tion, [odd. 
 
 Freak 'ish, a. Whimsical ; 
 
 Freck'le (frek^l), n. A yellow- 
 ish spot on the skin. [les. 
 
 Fr6ck'led, a. Full of freck- 
 
 Fr6ck'ly, a. Marked with 
 freckles. 
 
 Free, a. Being at liberty; 
 candid ; liberal ; easy ; licen- 
 tious. —v. t. To deliver 
 from restraint. 
 
 a, g, T, o, u, 5^, long ; a, e, i, 6, Q, y , short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, tSrm ; pique, fTnui 
 
FREEBOOTER 
 
 FROSTY 
 
 Free'bdbt-er, n. A robber. I 
 Free'bdrn, a. Born free. | 
 Freed'man (21), n. A man , 
 
 freed from slavery. 
 Free'dom, n. Exemption I 
 from the control of another ; 
 liberty ; familiarity. 
 Free'hold, n. Laud held by 
 free tenure. [freehold. 
 Free'hold-er, n. Owner of a 
 Free'ly, adv. At liberty ; 
 
 liberally ; in abundance. 
 Free'man (21), n. One who 
 enjoys liberty, or is entitled 
 to the privileges of citizen- 
 ship. 
 
 Free'-s€hool (-skcTol), n. A 
 school open to all. 
 
 Free'stone, n. A sandstone 
 easily cut. 
 
 Free'thi^ik-er, n. One who 
 disbelieves in revelation. 
 
 Free-will', n. Power of act- 
 ing at pleasure. 
 
 Freeze, v. t. or i. [imp. 
 
 FROZE ; p. p. FROZEN.] 
 
 To congeal with cold ; to 
 
 die by cold. 
 Freight (frat), n. Lading of 
 
 a'ship. — V. t. To load, as 
 
 a vessel. 
 Freighter (frat'-), n. One 
 
 who receives and forwards 
 
 freight. 
 
 Frfinch, a. Belonging to 
 France. — n. The language 
 of France. 
 
 French'-horn, n. A wind- 
 instrument of music. 
 
 FrSn'zy, n. Distraction of 
 mind. [often repeated. 
 
 Fre'quen-gy, n. Occurrence 
 
 Fre'quent, a. Often, done, 
 or happening. 
 
 Fre-qu6nt', v. t. To visit 
 often. 
 
 Fre-quent'a-tive, a. Denot- 
 ing frequent repetition. 
 
 Fre'quent-ly, adv. Often. 
 
 Fr§s'€0, n. A kind of paint- 
 ing on plaster. 
 
 Fresh, a. New and strong; 
 recently made, or obtained ; 
 raw ; green ; cool ; brisk ; 
 not salt. — n. A freshet. 
 
 Fresh'en (fresh/n), i>. i. To 
 make fresh ; to revive. 
 
 Fresh'et, n. A flood in rivers. 
 
 FrSsh'ly, adv. In a fresh 
 manner ; newly. 
 
 Frgsh'man (21), n. One of 
 the youngest class in an 
 American college. 
 
 Fresh'ness, n. State of ber 
 ing fresh. 
 
 Fr6t (7), V. t. or i. To irri- 
 tate ; to be peevish ; to cor- 
 rode. — n. Irritation of 
 mind. 
 
 Fret'ful (17), a. Disposed to 
 fret. — Syn. Peevish ; cross. 
 
 Fret'ful-ly, adv. In a fretful 
 manner ; peevishly. 
 
 Fret'ful-ness, n. Peevish- 
 ness." [work. 
 
 Fr§t'work (-wQrk), 71. Raised 
 
 FrPa-bil'i-ty , I n. The qual- 
 
 Fri'a-ble-ness, ) ity of be- 
 ing easily reduced to powder. 
 
 Fri'a-ble,a. Easily crumbled. 
 
 Fri'ar, n. A member of any 
 religious order; a monk. 
 
 FrPar-y, n. A monastery. 
 
 Fri-e^as-see', n. Dish of 
 stewed or fried fowls. — v. t. 
 To dress in fricassee. 
 
 Fri-e'tion, n. A rubbing ; 
 attrition. [of the week. 
 
 Fri'day, n. The sixth day 
 
 Friend, n. A person attached 
 to another by affection ; a 
 Quaker. [friends. 
 
 Friend'less, a. Without 
 
 Friend'li-ness, n. State of 
 being friendly. 
 
 FriSnd'ly, a. Kind ; amica- 
 ble ; favorable. 
 
 Friend'ship, n. Intimacy 
 based on mutual esteem. 
 
 Frieze, n. A coarse woolen 
 cloth, with a nap ; part of 
 an entablature of a column. 
 
 Frig'ate, n. A ship of war, 
 carrying from 28 to 50 guns. 
 
 Fright (frit), n. Sudden ter- 
 ror; panic. 
 
 Fright'en (fvWn), v. t. To 
 affect with sudden terror. 
 
 Fright'ful (frit/-), a. Adapt- 
 ed to excite sudden terror. 
 
 Fright'ful-ly (frit/-), adv. 
 Dreadfully. 
 
 Fright'ful-ness (frit/-), n. 
 Quality' of impressing sud- 
 den terror. [sensible. 
 
 Frig'id, a. Cold; dull; in- 
 
 Fri-gid'i-ty, n. Coldness. 
 
 Frill (1), 71. A ruffle. 
 
 Fringe, n. A kind of trim- 
 ming. — V. t. To adorn 
 with fringe. 
 
 Frip'per-y, n. Old clothes; 
 useless matter. 
 
 Frisk,!', t. To leap ; to dance. 
 
 Frisk'i-ness (13), n. Liveli- 
 ness; gayety. [some. 
 
 Frisk'y, a. Lively ; frolic- 
 Frith, n. Narrow arm of a pea. 
 
 Frit'ter, n. A kind of pan- 
 cake. — V. t. To break into 
 fragments. 
 
 Fri-v61'i-ty, n. Acts or habits 
 of trifling. [fling- 
 
 Friv'o-lous^ a. Light ; tri- 
 
 Friz, or Fnzz, v. t. To curl 
 or crisp. 
 
 Friz'zle (frtz^zl), v. t. To crisp 
 in short curls. — n. A Uttle 
 crisp curl. 
 
 Fro, adv. From ; back. 
 
 Fr6ck, n. An outer garment. 
 
 Fr6g, n. A Avell-known am- 
 phibious animal. 
 
 Fr61'i€ (5), a. Playful. — n. 
 A wild prank ; meniment. 
 — V. i. (6) To be merry. 
 
 Fr61'i-e-s6me, a. Full of gay- 
 ety and mirth. 
 
 Fr6m, prep. Out of ; by rea- 
 son of ; by aid of. 
 
 Frdnd, n. The leaf peculiar 
 to palms and ferns. 
 
 Fron-des'genge, n. Time of 
 putting forth leaves. 
 
 Front (frunt), n. The fore- 
 part ; forehead ; face ; im- 
 pudence. — V. t. To stand 
 before ; to stand or oppose 
 face to face. — v. i. To stand 
 foremost or opposite. 
 
 Frontpage, n. The front part 
 of an edifice or lot. 
 
 Front'ier, n. The utmost 
 verge of a country. — a. 
 Bordering. 
 
 FrSnt'is-piege, n. A picture 
 at the beginning of a book. 
 
 Front'let, n. A bandage worn 
 on the forehead. 
 
 Fr6st, n. Frozen dew. — v. t. 
 To cover with frost, or with 
 something like frost. 
 
 Frosfy, a. Like frost ; freez- 
 ing. 
 
 86n. or. do. wolf, too, took : flrn. rue, pull ; c, soft ; g. hard; ; exist ; fi as ng ; tiiis. 
 
FEOTH 
 
 118 
 
 FURZE 
 
 Fr6th, n. Foam ; empty show 
 of wit. 
 
 Froth'y, a. Full of froth. 
 
 Frounge, v. t. To frizzle. 
 
 Frou'zy, a. Musty ; fetid. 
 
 Fro' ward, a. Perversely dis- 
 obedient. — Syn. Refract- 
 ory ; wayward ; cross. 
 
 Frown, n. A scowl. — v. i. 
 To express displeasure by 
 contracting the brow ; to 
 scowl. — V. I. To rebuke 
 with a look. [Freeze. 
 
 Froze, imp. and p. p. of 
 
 Frd'zen, p. p. of Freeze. 
 
 Fru€/ti-fi-€a'tioR, n. Act 
 of fructifying. 
 
 Fru€'ti-fy, v. t. To make 
 fruitful ; to fertilize. 
 
 Fru'gal, a. Saving of ex- 
 penses ; economical. 
 
 Fru-gal'i-ty, n. Prudent 
 economy ; thrift. [omy. 
 
 Fru'gal-ly, ac/v. With econ- 
 
 Frii-gifer-ous, a. Bearing 
 or producing fruit. 
 
 Fruit, n. Produce of the 
 earth, of trees, or animals; 
 effect or consequence, [eral, 
 
 Fruit'age, n. Fruit in gen- 
 
 Friiit'er-er, n. One who deals 
 iri fruit. [fertile; prohfic. 
 
 Fruit'ful,a. Producing fruit; 
 
 Friiit'ful-ness, n. Produc- 
 tiveness ; fertility. 
 
 Fru-i'tion (-Ysh/un), n. En- 
 joyment ; realization. 
 
 Fruit'less, a. Destitute of 
 fruit. 
 
 Fruit'-tree, n. A tree culti- 
 vated for its fruit. 
 
 Fru'men-ty, n. Food made 
 of wheat boiled in milk. 
 
 Friish, n. A tender horn in 
 the sole of a horse. 
 
 Frus'trate, v. t. To disap- 
 point : to defeat ; to nullify. 
 
 Frus-tra'tion, n. Disappoint- 
 ment ; defeat, 
 
 Frus'tum, n. {pi. Frus'ta or 
 Frus'tumg.) Part of a 
 solid left after cutting off 
 the top. 
 
 Fry, V. t. To cook with fat 
 in a frying-pan. — v. i. To 
 b(i heated, as meat in a pan 
 over the fire. — n. A crowd 
 of small fish. 
 
 Fr^'ing-p3,n, n. A kitchen 
 utensil to fry food in. 
 
 FM'dle, V. t. To make drunk. 
 
 Fu'el, n. Any substance that 
 feeds fire, [away ; volatile. 
 
 Fu-ga'cious, a. Fleeing 
 
 Fu-gag'i-ty, n. Volatility. 
 
 Fu'gi-tive, a. Flying ; wan- 
 dering. — n. A runaway. 
 
 Fu'gle-man (21), n. One who 
 stands in front of soldiers at 
 drill to direct them. 
 
 Fugue (fug), 71. A repetition 
 of parts in music. 
 
 Ful'-erum, n. ^ p 
 
 {pL Ful'-era or jk ' 
 Ful'-erumg, up 
 25.) The prop r^iemm. 
 on which a lever; c, 
 lever rests. fulcrum; w, 
 
 Ful-fill' ( (16), V. t. weight. 
 
 Ful-fil' S To carry into etfect. 
 
 Ful-filPment, / n. Perform - 
 
 Ful-firment, i ance. 
 
 Full, a. Having all it can con- 
 tain ; complete. — n. Com- 
 plete measure. — adv. Quite. 
 — V. t. To thicken and 
 scour, as cloth, in a mill. 
 
 Full'er, w. One who fulls cloth. 
 
 Full'ness, i n. State of being 
 
 Ful'ness, i full ; repletion. 
 
 Ful'ly, adv. To the full. 
 
 Fiil'mi-nate, v. t. or i. To 
 explode I to denounce. 
 
 FuPmi-na'tion, n. Explo- 
 sion; denunciation of cen- 
 sure, [gusting. 
 
 Ful'some, a. Gross ; dis- 
 
 Fum'ble, v. i. To attempt 
 awkwardly ; to grope about. 
 
 Fume, n. Vapor ; rage. — 
 v. i. To smoke ; to rage. 
 
 Fu'mi-gate, v. t. To smoke. 
 
 Fu'mi-ga'tion, n. Dilfusion 
 of smoke or vapors. 
 
 Fun, n. Sport ; merriment. 
 
 Fun€'tion, n. Office ; em- 
 ployment, [to some office. 
 
 Fun€'tion-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 Fiin-e'tion-a-ry, w. One who 
 holds an office ; an official. 
 
 Fund, n. A stock ; capital ; 
 (pi.) money for supplies. — 
 v. t. To invest in funds. 
 
 Fun'da-ment, n. The seat. 
 
 Fun-'da-mSnt'al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the foundation. 
 
 FunMa-ment'al-ly, adv. 
 Primarily ; essentially. 
 
 Fu'ner-al, n. A burial. — a. 
 Used at the interment of the 
 
 . dead. [neral. 
 
 Fu-ne're-al, a. Suiting a fu- 
 
 Fun-g6s'i-ty, n. Fungous ex- 
 crescence, [room ; spongy. 
 
 Fun'gous, a. Like a mush- 
 
 Fun'gus, n. An order of 
 pfauts including mush- 
 rooms, mold, &c. ; proud 
 flesh. 
 
 Fu-ni«'u-lar, a. Consisting 
 of a small fiber. 
 
 Fun'nel, n. Passage for 
 smoke ; a tunnel. 
 
 Fun'ny, a. Droll ; comical. 
 
 Fur,w. Fine, soft hair ; skins. 
 
 Fur'be-low, n. Fur or fringe 
 round the lower part of a 
 lady's dress. [scour. 
 
 Fur'bish, v. t. To polish ; to 
 
 Fur'-cate, a. Forked. 
 
 Fu'ri-ous, a. Rushing vio- 
 lently.— Syn. Vehement; 
 boisterous; fierce; mad. 
 
 Fu'ri-ous-ly, adv. With 
 great vehemence ; madly. 
 
 Furl, v. t. To fold and fasten 
 to a yard, &c. [mile. 
 
 Fur'long, n. Eighth of a 
 
 Fur'lough (far^lo), n. Tem- 
 porary leave of absence. 
 
 Ffir'nage, n, A place for 
 melting metals, &c. ; an in- 
 closed fire-place. 
 
 Ffir'nish, v. t. To supply ; to 
 provide ; to equip, [goods. 
 
 Fur'ni-tiire, n. Movable 
 
 Fur'ri-er,n. A dealer in furs. 
 
 Fur'r5w, n. A trench made 
 by a plow. — v. t. To cut in 
 furrows ; to wrinkle. 
 
 Fur'ry, a. Cov(!red with fur. 
 
 Fur'tiier, a. More distant ; 
 additional. — adv. To a 
 greater distance. — v. t. To 
 assist ; to promote. [tion. 
 
 Fur'tiier-ange, n. Promo- 
 Fur 'tiier-more, adv. More- 
 over ; besides. 
 
 Fur'ther-most, ) a. Most 
 
 Fur't±iest, I distant. 
 
 Fur'tive, a. Obtained by 
 stealth ; secret ; sly. 
 
 Furze, n. A thorny ever- 
 green shrub. 
 
 a, 6, T, 6, u, y, long; fi, 6, tt, short; care, car, ^sk, all, wh§i ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
FURY 
 
 Fu'ry, n. Madness ; passion ; 
 a ragiug woman. 
 
 Fu§e, V. t. To liquefy by 
 l^eat. — V. i. Tq be melted. 
 
 "Fu-see', n. A firelock. 
 
 Fu/§i-bil'i-ty, n. Quality of 
 being fusible. [melted. 
 
 Fu'§i-ble,a. Capable of being 
 
 Fu'sil, a. Capable of being 
 melted. — n. A light mus- 
 ket. 
 
 Fu'si-leer', n. An infantry 
 fioldies with a bear-skin cap. 
 
 119 
 
 Fu'§ion (fu^zhun), n. The 
 
 operation of converting a 
 
 solid into a liquid by heat ; 
 
 union, as of parties. 
 Fuss, n. A tumult ; bustle. 
 Fuss'y, a. Bustling in small 
 
 matters. 
 Fus'tian (fust^^an), n. A 
 
 kind of coarse cotton stuflf ; 
 
 a swelling style ; bombast. 
 Fu'tile, a. Useless; vain; 
 
 worthless ; ineffectual. 
 Fu-tU'i-ty, n. Want of im- 
 
 GAME 
 
 portance or effect; useless- 
 ness. 
 
 Fut'tock, n. One of the 
 timbers over a ship's keel. 
 
 Future (fut/yur), a. Liable 
 to come or be hereafter. — 
 
 . n. Time to come. 
 
 Fu-tu'ri-ty, n. Future time 
 or event ; the future. 
 
 Fuzz (3), V. i. To fly off iu 
 small particles. — n. Fine, 
 light particles. [tempt. 
 
 Fy, interj. Expressing con- 
 
 G. 
 
 GAB, n. The month ; lo- 
 quacity. 
 G3,b'ar-dine, «. A kmd of 
 
 coarse frock. 
 G^b'ble, V. i. To talk fast or 
 without meaning. — n. Loud 
 or rapid and senseless talk. 
 Ga'bl-on, n. A wicker cylin- 
 der filled with earth, used in 
 hasty defenses. 
 Ga'ble, n. Triangular end 
 
 of a building. 
 GM, V. i. To ramble or rove. 
 Gad'a-bout, I n. One who 
 GM'der, ) roves about 
 idly. [stings cattle. 
 
 G^d'fly, w. An insect which 
 GMf (1), A sort of boom 
 
 or yard. 
 Gag, V. t. To stop the mouth 
 of. — V. i. To heave with 
 nausea. — n. Something 
 thrust into the mouth, to 
 hinder speaking. 
 Gage, n. A pledge ; a meas- 
 ure. — v.t. To pledge; to 
 measure, as a cask. 
 Gai'ly. See Gayly. 
 Gain, n. Profit ; advantage. 
 
 — V. t. To obtain ; to reach. 
 Gain'ful (17), a. Producing 
 
 profit"; lucrative. 
 Gain-say', or Gain'say, v. t. 
 
 [i77ip. & p. p. G-AINSAID.] 
 To deny ; to contradict. 
 Gain-say'er, or Gain'say-er, 
 n. One who gainsays. 
 
 Gair'ish, a. Gaudy ; showy. 
 
 Gait, n. Manner of walking. 
 
 Gait'er, n. A covering for the 
 leg or foot. 
 
 Ga'la, n. Show; festivity. 
 
 Gai'ax-y, n. The milky way ; 
 a splendid assemblage. 
 
 Gale, n. A strong wind. 
 
 Gall (1), n. The bile ; rancor ; 
 an excrescence on the oak. 
 — V. t. To hurt the skin of; 
 to fret ; to vex. 
 
 Gal-iant', n. A man attentive 
 to ladies ; a lover. — v. t. To 
 wait on, as a lady. — a. Po- 
 lite and attentive to ladies. 
 
 Gai'lant, a. High-spirited; 
 daring in fight ; brave. 
 
 Gal'lant-ly, adv. Bravely. 
 
 Gal-lant'ly, adv. In the 
 manner of a gallant. 
 
 Gal'lant-ry, n. Bravery : no- 
 bleness : politeness to ladies. 
 
 G^l'le-on, w. A large Spaniish 
 ship formerly in use. 
 
 Gal'ler-y (19), n. A platform 
 with seats, supported by 
 brackets or pillars. 
 
 Gai'ley (19), w. A kind of low 
 flat-built vessel ; cook-room 
 of a ship of war ; a frame 
 for holding type that has 
 been set up. 
 GaFley-slave, n. A slave 
 
 who works in the galleys. 
 Gai'li€, a. French. [om. 
 Gal'li-Qigm, n. A French idi- 
 
 G&lli-g^ts'Tcins, n. pi. Leath- 
 er guards for "the legs. 
 
 Ga,Hi-na'ceoiis, a. Pertain- 
 ing to barn-door fowls. 
 
 Gal'li-p6t, n. A small pot 
 painted and glazed, used by 
 apothecaries. 
 
 Gall'-nut, n. An excrescence 
 on the oak. [quarts. 
 
 Gal'lon, n. A measure of four 
 
 Gal-loon', n. A kind of rib- 
 bon of silk, cotton, &c. 
 
 G^Plop (8), V. i. To move by 
 leaps, as a horse. — n. A 
 running by leaps. 
 
 Gal'lows (gill/lus), 
 n. A frame for 
 the execution of 
 criminals. 
 
 Ga-loQhe' (-16sh/),| 
 n. An over-shoe. 
 
 Gal-van'i€, a. Gallows. 
 Pertaining to galvanism. 
 
 Gal'van-i§m, n. A species of 
 electricity. 
 
 Gal'van-ize, v. t. To affect by 
 galvanism. 
 
 Gam'ble, V. i. To play for 
 money. 
 
 Gam'bler, n. One who gnm- 
 Gam-boge', or Gam-boge', 
 
 M. A'yellowish gum-resin 
 Gam'bol, n. A skipping and 
 leaping. — v. i. To leap and 
 skip. [horse. 
 Gam'brel, n. Hind leg of a 
 Game, n. Sport; play; ani- 
 
 66n, or, do, wQlf, too, t(5bk ; firn, rye, pi.Ul ; 9, soft ; €, g, hard ; ag ; exist ; q ng ; &is. 
 
GAMESOME 
 
 mals hunted. — v. i. To 
 
 play for mone}'^ ; to sport. 
 
 Game 'some, a. Gay ; sport- 
 ive, [to gaining. 
 
 Game'ster, n. One addicted 
 
 Gam'mon, n. Thigh of a hog 
 smoked; a hoax; humbug. 
 — V. t. To pickle and smoke ; 
 to impose upon. [music. 
 
 Gam'ut, n. Scale of notes in 
 
 Gan'der,M. Male of the goose. 
 
 Gang, n. A crew ; a band. 
 
 Gan'gli-on, n.- A tumor in 
 the tendinous parts. 
 
 Gan'grene, n. Mortification 
 of flesh. — V. To mortify. 
 
 Gan'gre-noiis, a. Mortified. 
 
 G3,ngTie tgang), n. The min- 
 eral substance inclosing a 
 Tein of metallic ore. 
 
 Gang' way, n. A passage 
 
 Gant'let, n. A kind of mili- 
 tary punishment. 
 
 6aol (jal), n. A jail. 
 
 Gap, 71. Abroach; opening. 
 
 Gape, V. i. To open the mouth 
 wide. [pearance. 
 
 Garb, n. Clothes; dress; ap- 
 
 Garb'age, n. Offals of ani- 
 mals, [to mutilate. 
 
 Gar'ble, v. t. To pick out; 
 
 Gar'den, n. A place for the 
 cultivation of plants, fruits, 
 flowers, &c. [a garden. 
 
 Gar'den-er, n. One who tills 
 
 Gar'get, n. A disease in the 
 udders of cows. 
 
 Gar'gle, v. t. To rinse, as the 
 throat. — n. A liquid for 
 washing the throat. 
 
 Gar'land (18), n. A wreath of 
 flowers. 
 
 Gar'Ii-c, n. A plant having a 
 strong smell and taste. 
 
 Gar'ment, n. An article of 
 clothing. 
 
 Gar'ner, n. A store-house for 
 grain. — v. t. To store in a 
 granary. [or gem . 
 
 Gar'net, n. A red mineral 
 
 Gar'nish, v. t. To adorn ; to 
 decorate. — n. Decoration. 
 
 Gar^nish-ee', n. One in whose 
 hands property of another 
 is attached. 
 
 Gar'nish-ment, ) n. Fumi- 
 
 Gar'ni-tiire, ) ture; or- 
 nament; decoration. 
 
 120 
 
 G5.r'ret, n. Part of a house 
 
 directly under the roof. 
 Gar^ret-eer', n. One who 
 
 lives in a garret. 
 Gar'ri-son, n. A body of 
 
 troops in a fort. — v. t. To 
 
 place soldiers in for defense. 
 Gar-rote', v. t. To seize by 
 
 the throat from behind, so as 
 
 to strangle and rob, [ness. 
 Gar-ru'li-ty, n. Talkative- 
 Gar 'rii-loiis, a. Talkative; 
 
 loquacious. 
 Gar'ter, n. A band to hold 
 
 up a stocking. — v. t. To 
 
 fasten with a garter. 
 Gas, n. (pi. Gas'es, 7, 18) 
 
 An aeriform, elasttc fluid. 
 Gas^-eon-ade', n. A boasting. 
 
 — V. i. To boast. [gas. 
 Ga§'e-ous, a. In the form of 
 Gash,w. A deep and long cut. 
 
 — V. t. To make a long, 
 deep cut in. 
 
 Gas-om'e-ter, n. A reservoir 
 for collecting gases. 
 
 Gasp, V. i. To labor for 
 breath. — v. t. To emit con- 
 vulsively. — n. A painful 
 catching of the breath. 
 
 Gas'tri-e, a. Belonging to the 
 stomach. 
 
 Gas-tron'o-mer, n. One who 
 likes good living. 
 
 Gas^tro-n6m'i-e, a. Pertain- 
 ing to gastronomy. 
 
 Gas-tr6n'o-my, n. Art of 
 good living ; epicurism. 
 
 Gate, n. Passage-way ; a large 
 door or frame- work for clos- 
 ing a passage. [a gate. 
 
 Gate'way, n. A way through 
 
 Gath'er, r . /. or r. To collect. 
 
 — n. A plait or fold. 
 
 Gaud'i-ness, n. Showiness. 
 
 Gaud'y (13), a. Showy ; os- 
 tentatiously fine. 
 
 Gauge (g5j),v. t. To measure 
 the contents of, as of a cask. 
 
 — n. A measure ; a rod for 
 measuring. [gauges. 
 
 Gaug'er (ga/jer),n. One who 
 Gaunt (gant), a. Lean ; thin. 
 Gaunt'let, n. A glove with 
 
 metal plates on the back ; a 
 
 long glove. 
 Gauze , w . A thin silk or linen. 
 Gave, imp. of Give. 
 
 Gazelle. 
 
 GENERALIZATION 
 
 Gav'el, n. A small heap of 
 grain ; mallet of a presiding 
 officer. 
 
 Gawk, 71. ^ cuckoo ; a fool. 
 
 Gawk'y, a. Foolish ; awk- 
 ward. — 71. An awkward or 
 stupid person. 
 
 Gay, a. Cheerful; merry; jo- 
 vial ; fine ; showy. 
 
 Gay'e-ty, n. Merriment. 
 
 Gay'ly (14), Merrily. 
 
 Gaze, v.i. To look intently. 
 — n. A fixed or eager look. 
 
 Ga-zelle', n. A 
 kind of antelope. 
 
 Ga-zette', n. A 
 newspaper. — v. 
 t. To announce 
 officially. 
 
 Gaz^et-teer', 
 A geographical dictionary ; 
 a writer for a gazette. 
 
 Gaz'ing-stock, n. One gazed 
 
 _ at with scorn. 
 
 Gear, n. Goods ; dress ; ap- 
 paratus; harness. — u. /. To 
 
 _ put gear on. 
 
 Geese, n. pi. of Goose. 
 
 (jel'a-tme (30), 7i. An animal 
 substance that forms jelly. 
 
 Ge-iat'i-nous, a. Of the nat~ 
 
 _ ure of gelatine. 
 
 Geld, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 GELDED or GELT.] To cas- 
 
 . trate. 
 
 Gel'id, a. Cold, or very cold. 
 Gem, 71. A bud ; a precious 
 stone.— f. (7) To adorn 
 with jewels. — v. i. To bud. 
 Gem-ma'tion, n. Form of 
 , budding in plants. 
 Gen'der, n. Sex, male or fe- 
 male. — V. To beget ; to en- 
 . gender, [ing to genealogy. 
 G6n/e-a-I6g'i€-al, a. Pertain- 
 Gen/e-al'o-gist, n. One 
 _ skilled in genealogy. 
 G^n^e-ai'o-gy, n. Hii-tory of 
 descents; lineage; pedigree. 
 Gen'er-a, n. pi. of Gains. 
 6en'er-al, a. Common ; pub- 
 , lie. — 71, Commander of an 
 _ army. 
 
 Ggn^er-al-is'si-mo (18), n. 
 
 Commander in chief. 
 Gen-'er-ai'i-ty, n. The great- 
 , est part. [generalizing. 
 Gen^er-al-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 
 a, 6,1, 5, fi, y, Ions; ^, T, o, U, 5^, sl^ort ; cure, car, usk, ^U, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
 > 
 
GENERALIZE 
 
 121 
 
 GILD 
 
 6gn'er-al ize, v. t. To ar- 
 range under general heads. 
 
 Gen'er-al-ly, adv. Common- 
 ly- 
 
 66n'er-al-ship, n. The skill 
 or conduct of a general. 
 
 66n'er-ate, v. t. To beget. 
 
 G§n/er-a'tion, n. A race ; 
 
 . family an age. [duje. 
 
 Gen'er-a-tive, a. Able to pro- 
 
 GSn'er-^a'tor, n. One who 
 produces or begets. 
 
 Ge-ngr'i-c, I a. Compre- 
 
 6e-ngr'i-e-al, ) bending, or 
 
 ^ pertaining to, a genus. 
 
 Gen^er-Ss'l-ty, n. Liberality 
 
 , of soul; magnanimit}'. 
 
 GSn'er-ous, a. Liberal; free. 
 
 6-en'e-Sis, n. Origin ; the first 
 
 ^ book of Scripture. 
 
 6e'ni-al, a. Contributing to 
 production ; enlivening ; 
 
 ^ naturaL 
 
 Ge'nie, n. A fabulous being 
 in Arabian mythology. 
 
 6Sn'i-tive, ». The second 
 case of Greek and Latin 
 nouns. 
 
 6e'nl-us, n. {pi. Ge'ni-I, 25.) 
 
 ^ A good or evil spirit. 
 
 Gen'i-us (jjn^yus, 18), n. Nat- 
 ure ; special disposition ; 
 mental superiority ; a man 
 of remarkable mental vigor. 
 
 6ens-d'arine3 (zhong- 
 darmO, n,. pi. Armed police 
 in France. 
 
 6-en-teel', a. Polished in 
 manners ; polite. 
 
 6en-teel'ly, adv. With po- 
 ^ lite manners. 
 
 GSn'tile, n. Any one not a 
 Jew ; a heathen. — a. Per- 
 taining to heathen. 
 
 ^en-til'i-ty, n. Politeness. 
 
 (xSn'tle, «. Well-born : re- 
 fined ; not wild. — Syn. 
 Tame ; mild ; meek ; quiet. 
 
 Gen'tle-folk (-fak), ) n. pi. 
 
 CtSn'tle-folks (-foks), ) Peo- 
 ple of good birth and breed- 
 ing. 
 
 (jen'tle-man (21), n. A man 
 of good breeding and educa- 
 ^ tion. 
 
 Gen'tle-man-ly, a. Becom 
 ing a gentleman ; polite ; re- 
 fined. 
 
 Gen'tle-ness, n. Softness of 
 manners : mildness. [care. 
 
 Gen'tly, adc. Softly ; with 
 
 6Sn'try, n. People of educa- 
 tion and good breeding. 
 
 Ge'nu-flee'tion, or GSn^u- 
 fle-e'tion, n. Act of bend- 
 ing the knee. 
 
 G6n'u-me, a. Free from adul- 
 teration ; real ; true ; pure. 
 
 6en'u-ine-ness, n. A genu- 
 
 ^ ine quality ; purity. 
 
 Ge'nus (25), n. A class em- 
 bracing many species. 
 
 Ge''o-Qeii'tri€, a. Having the 
 same center as the earth. 
 
 Ge-6d'e-sy, n. Art of meas- 
 uring the earth. 
 
 Ge-6g'ra-pher, n. One skilled 
 in geography. 
 
 Ge'o-graph'i€-al,a. Relating 
 to geography. 
 
 Ge-6g'ra-phy, n. Descrip- 
 tion of the world and its in- 
 habitants. 
 
 Ge/o-16g'i<;-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 ^ to geology. [geology. 
 
 Ge-61'o-gist, n. One versed in 
 
 Ge-61'o-g7, n. Science that 
 treats of the interior struct- 
 , ure of the earth. [trician. 
 
 Ge-6m'e-ter, n. A geome- 
 
 (jre^o-inet'ri€-al, a. Relating 
 _ or according to geometry. 
 
 Ge-6m'e-tri'cian (-trlsh^an), 
 _ n. One skilled in g(!ometry. 
 
 Ge-6m'e-try, n. Science of 
 , quantity and mensuration. 
 
 Ge6r':5;i€, n. A rural poem. 
 
 6e-ra'ni-um, n. A plant 
 with showy flowers. 
 
 (jrerm, n. A seed-bud of a 
 , plant ; first principle, [blood. 
 
 Ger'man, a. Related by 
 
 (jer-mane', a. Entirely ap- 
 . propriate. [the germ. 
 
 Gar'mi-nal, a. Pertaining to 
 
 63r'mi-nate, v. i. To bud ; 
 . to sprout. [sprouting. 
 
 Ger-'mi-na'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Crer'und, n. A verbal noun. 
 
 6es-ta'tion, n. Act of carry- 
 ing young in the womb. 
 
 Ges-tie'u-late, v. i. To use 
 gestures. 
 
 Ges-ti€'u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 m-ikhig gestures. 
 
 6est'ure, n. Action ; mo- 
 
 tion. — V. i. To make gest- 
 
 _ ures ; to gesticulate. 
 
 Get, V. t. [imp. GOT ; j). p. 
 GOTTEN.] To gain ; to ob- 
 tain ; to win ; to procreate ; 
 to persuade ; to learn. — v. 
 
 _ i. To gain ; to become. 
 
 Gew'gaw, n. A showy trifle. 
 
 Ghast'i'i-ness (giist'-), n. A 
 death-like look ; paleness. 
 
 Ghast'ly (gast^ly), a. Death- 
 ly pale. 
 
 Gher'kin (ger^kin), n. A 
 small pickled cucumber. 
 
 Ghost (gost), n. A spirit ; an 
 apparition. 
 
 Ghost'ly, a. Like a ghost; 
 , spiritual. 
 
 Gi'ant, 71. A man of extm or- 
 dinary stature. — a. Like a 
 , giant ; unusually large, 
 
 Gi'ant-ess, n. A female giant. 
 
 Gi'ant-ly, a. Like a giant ; 
 gigantic ; huge. 
 
 Giaour (jour), n. An infidel, 
 as applied by the Turks to 
 Christians. 
 
 Gib'ber, v. t. To speak rap- 
 
 _ idly and inarticulately. 
 
 Gib'ber-ish, »t. Rjipid, inar- 
 ticulate speech. 
 
 Gib'bet, rt. A kind - 
 of gallows. — V. 
 (8) To hang on a 
 
 _ gibbet. 
 
 Gib'bous, a. Con- 
 vex ; swelUng with ^'l^bet. 
 a regular curve ; protuber- 
 ant. 
 
 Gibe, V. i. or t. To scoff at. 
 
 — n. A sneer ; scoff. 
 Gib'lets, n. pi. Heart, liver, 
 
 gizzard, &c., of a fowl. 
 Gid'di-ness, n. A swimming 
 
 of the head; dizziness. 
 Gid'dy, a. Reeling ; dizzy ; 
 
 wild ; volatile. 
 Gift, n. Any thing given ; an 
 
 offering ; faculty ; power. 
 G-ift'ed, a. Endowed with a 
 j faculty ; talented. 
 Gig, n. A light kind of chaise. 
 I 6i%an'ti-e, a. Like a giant; 
 huge ; enormous. 
 Gig'gle, n. A laugh with 
 ! short catches of breath. — 
 j V. i. To laugh ; to titter. 
 Gild, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 86n, or, do, wolf, too, to^ok ; tirn, rye, pyll ; f , soft ; g, hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
GILDING 
 
 122 
 
 GLOW 
 
 GILDED, GILT.] To over- 
 
 _ lay with gold. 
 
 Gild'ing, n. Art of overlay- 
 
 ^ ing with gold. [a plant. 
 
 Gill (jll), n. Fourth of a pint ; 
 
 Gill (1 ), n. Organ of respira- 
 tion in fishes. 
 
 Gil'ly-f lower, n. A plant. 
 
 Gilt, a. Overlaid with gold. 
 
 Gi'm'balg, n. pL A combina- 
 tion of rings to keep a com- 
 pass always in the same posi- 
 
 6im'€rack, n. A toy. [tion. 
 
 GIm'let, n. A small imple- 
 
 _ ment for boring. 
 
 Gimp, n. A kind of edging. 
 
 6in, n. Spirit distilled from 
 rye and barley, and flavored 
 with juniper berries or hops ; 
 a machine ; snare. — ^•. t. 
 To clear of its seed, as cot- 
 ton, [spicy root. 
 
 Gin'ger, n. A plant and its 
 
 (jin'ger bread, n. A sweet 
 cake flavored with ginger. 
 
 Gin'ger-ly, adv. Cautiously. 
 
 Gmg'ham (umg/am), n. A 
 kind of cotton cloth. 
 
 Gm'seng, n. A plant. 
 
 6-ip'sy, n. See Gipsy. 
 
 6-i-raffe', n. An 
 
 African quad- /(^^^ 
 ruped ; the 
 
 _ camelopard. ^p^^ 
 
 G i r d, n. A 
 twitch ; a pang; 
 
 [imp. & p. p. W ™^ 
 G I R D E D , ft^^i, j[ I 
 
 GIRT.] To bind; 
 _to tie round. Giraffe. 
 Gird'er, n. Chief 
 _ timber in a floor. 
 Gird'le, n. A band round 
 
 the waist. — v, t. To bind ; 
 
 to cut a ring round, in order 
 _ to kill, as a tree. 
 Girl. n. A young woman. 
 GlrPhdbd, n. The state or 
 _ time of being a girl. 
 Girl'ish, a. Like a girl ; giddy. 
 Girt, I n. A strap for a sad- 
 Girth, ) die ; circumference, 
 drist, n. Main point ; pith. 
 Give, V. t. or i. [iwp. GAVE ; 
 
 p.p. GIVEN.] To bestow ; 
 
 to yield ; to grant ; to utter. 
 Giv'er, n. One who gives. 
 
 Giz'zard, n. The muscular 
 stomach of a fowl. 
 
 Gla'cial, a. Like ice ; icy. 
 
 Gla'Qier (gla^seer or glas^i-er), 
 n . A great mass of ice mov- 
 ing siowl}^ down mountain 
 slopes or valleys. 
 
 Gla'Qis, or Gla-Qis', n. A 
 sloping bank. 
 
 Glad, a. Affected with pleas- 
 ure ; gratified. — v. t. To 
 make glad. [glad. 
 
 Glad'den, v. t. To make 
 
 Glade, n. An opening through 
 or in a wood. 
 
 Glad'i-a^tor, n. A sword- 
 player ; a prize-fighter. 
 
 Glad'ly, adv. Joyfully. 
 
 Glad'ness, n. Joy ; pleasure. 
 
 Glad'some, a. Pleased ; gay. 
 
 Glair, n. The white of an egg. 
 
 GlanQe, n. A sudden shoot of 
 light ; a cast of the sight. — 
 V. To dart ; to fly off. 
 
 Gland, n. An organ of secre- 
 tion in animals and plants. 
 
 Gland'ers, n. pi. A con- 
 tagious disease of horses. 
 
 Gland'u-lar, I a. Consisting 
 
 Giand'u-lous, j of glands. 
 
 Glare, n. A bright dazzling 
 hght. — V. i. To look fiercely. 
 
 Glar'ing, a. Open and bold ; 
 clear ; notorious. 
 
 Glass, n. A transparent sub- 
 stance ; a mirror ; telescope ; 
 {pi.) spectacles. — v. t. To 
 cover witli glass. 
 
 Glass'i-ness, n. Smoothness, 
 like glass. [glass. 
 
 Glass'y, a. Made of, or like. 
 
 Glaze, V. t. To furnish with 
 glass or with something like 
 it. 
 
 Gla'zier (gla-'zhur), n. One 
 who sets window glass. 
 
 Glaz'ing, n. The vitreous sub- 
 stance on potters' ware. 
 
 Gleam, n. A faint shooting 
 forth of light. —1". i. To 
 shine with flashes of light. 
 
 Glean, v. t. To gather after a 
 reaper ; to collect with pa- 
 tient and minute labor. 
 
 Glebe, n. Turf ; e-oil ; land be- 
 longing to a parish church. 
 
 Glee, n. Joy ; merriment ; a 
 song in three or more parts. 
 
 G16n, n. A narrow valley. 
 
 Glib, a. Smooth; slippery; 
 voluble ; fluent. 
 
 Glide, V. i. To flow gently. — 
 71. Act of passing smoothly. 
 
 Glim'mer (8), v. i. To shoot 
 scattered rays. — n. A faint 
 light. [view. 
 
 Glim'mer-ing, n. A faint 
 
 Glimpse, n. A short, hur- 
 ried view. 
 
 Glis'ten (glVn), v. t. To 
 sparkle with a mild light. 
 
 Giit'ter, v. i. To shine bright- 
 ly. — n. Sparkling light. 
 
 Gloat, V. i. To gaze with 
 eagerness or desire. 
 
 G15be, n. A round body ; the 
 sphere ; the earth. 
 
 Glo-bose', ( a. Round ; globu- 
 
 Glo'bous, ) lar ; spherical. 
 
 Glo-bos'i-ty, n. Roundness. 
 
 Glob'ii-lar, a. Spherical. 
 
 Glob'ule, n. A small round 
 mass. 
 
 Gloom, n. Darkness ; obscuri- 
 ty. — V. i. To shine obscure- 
 ly, [obscurely ; sullenly. 
 
 Glqom'i-ly, adv. Darkly ; 
 
 Gloom'y, a. Dark ; dim ; 
 melancholy. [glorifying. 
 
 Glo^ri-fi-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Glo'ri-fy, v. t. To make glo- 
 rious ; to extol ; to adore. 
 
 Glo'ri-ous, a. Splendid j 
 grand; renowned. 
 
 G16'ri-ous-ly, adv. Illus- 
 triously ; splendidly. 
 
 Glo'ry, n. Brightness ; splen- 
 dor ; honor ; renown. — v. i. 
 To exult ; to rejoice. 
 
 G16ss, n. Brightness ; spe- 
 cious appearjince : comment. 
 — V. i. To make smooth and 
 shining ; to explain. 
 
 G16ss'a-ry, n. A vocabulary 
 for explaining obsolete or 
 peculiar words. 
 
 G16ss'i-ness, n. The luster 
 of a surface ; polish. 
 
 G16ss'y, a. Smooth and 
 shining ; bright. 
 
 Gldt'tis, n. The upper open- 
 ing of the windpipe. 
 
 Glove (gltlv), n. A cover for 
 tlie hand. [gloves. 
 
 Glov'er, «. One who makes 
 
 Glow, V. i. To shine with in- 
 
 a,e,i, o, u,y, Zong',- 3, 6,1, 6, Q, 
 
 L, y, short ; cure, car, ask, }ill, wh.Tit ; ere, veil, t5rm ; pique, firm } 
 
GLOWING 
 
 123 
 
 GOVERNOR 
 
 tense heat. — n. Intense 
 heat ; brightness of color. 
 
 Giaw'ing, a. White with 
 heat. — Syn. Ardent ; in- 
 flamed; vehement. 
 
 Glow'-worixi (-wGrm), n. An 
 insect that emits Hght in 
 the night. 
 
 Gloze, t*. t. To flatter. 
 
 Glue, n. A kind of tenacious 
 cement. — r. t. To cement 
 with glue. 
 
 Glum, a. Sullen ; grave. 
 
 Glume, n. The calyx of cer- 
 tain plants ; chaff. 
 
 Glut, v.t. To cloy ; to over- 
 load. — n. More than 
 enough ; superabundance. 
 
 Glu'tnn, n. Tough adhesive 
 part of dough. [cious. 
 
 Glu'ti-nous, a. Viscous ; tena- 
 
 Glut'ton (gltit/tn), >t.^ A vora- 
 cious eater ; an animal. 
 
 Glut'ton-ous, a. Given to 
 excessive eating.^ [ing. 
 
 Glut'ton-y, n. Excess in eat- 
 
 GlyQ'er-me, n. A sweetish 
 liquid obtained from fat. 
 
 Gnarl (narl), v. i. To growl. 
 
 Gnarled (narld), a. Full of 
 knots. 
 
 Gnash (nSsh), v. To strike 
 
 the teeth together. 
 Gnat (niit), n. A small blood- 
 sucking fly. [to corrode. 
 Gnaw (naw), v. t. To bite off; 
 Gneiss (nTs), n. A rock re- 
 * sembling granite. 
 Gnome (nom), n. A fabled 
 
 subterranean being ; a 
 
 dwarf ; a goblin. 
 Gno'mon (no/mon), n. The 
 
 style or pin of a dial. 
 Gnu ;nu, 18), n. A kind of 
 
 antelope found 
 
 in South Afri- 
 
 ca. 
 
 Go, V. i. [imp 
 went; p. p. 
 GONE.] To Gnu. 
 move ; to walk ; to depart. 
 
 Goad, n. A pointed instru- 
 ment to drive oxen. — v. t. 
 To prick with a goad. 
 
 Goal, w. A starting-post. 
 
 Goat, n. An animal allied to 
 the sheep. [goats. 
 
 Goat'-herd, n. One who tends 
 
 GSb'ble, 1'. t 
 hastily. 
 
 Gob'bler, n. A greedy eater ; 
 
 a turkey-cock, [ing vessel. 
 Gob'let, n. A kind of drink- 
 Gdb'lin, n. An evil spirit. 
 God, n. A divinity ; a deity ; 
 
 the Supreme Being. 
 God'dess, n. A female deity. 
 G6d'fa-ther, w. A male 
 
 sponsor for a child. 
 Gdd'head, n. Divine nature. 
 G6d'less, a. Ungodly ; wick- 
 ed ; irreligious. 
 God'li-ness (13), n. Real 
 
 piety ; a religious life. 
 God'ly, a. Pious ; religious. 
 God 'send, «. An unexpected 
 
 piece of good fortune. 
 Gdd'son, n. A male child for 
 
 whom another is sponsor. 
 G6g'gles (gog/glz), n. pL 
 Glasses to protect the eyes. 
 G5'ing. n. Act of moving ; de- 
 parture. 
 Goi'ter \ (29), n. A swelling 
 Goi'tre j of the front part 
 of the neck. [money. 
 Gold, n. A precious metal ; 
 Gold'en, a. Made of gold ; 
 
 like gold. [ing bird. 
 
 Gold'finch, n. A yellow sing- 
 Gold'-leaf, n. Gold beaten 
 
 into a thin leaf. 
 G6n'do-la (18), n. A pleas- 
 ure-boat used in Venice. 
 G6n/do-lier', n. One who 
 
 rows a gondola. 
 Gone, p. p. of Go. Departed. 
 Gong, r?. A kind of drum. 
 G(Jbd, a. Having desirable 
 qualities ; virtuous ; valid ; 
 sound; suitable. — w. That 
 which possesses desirable ! 
 qualities ; advantage. j 
 Gdbd-by', n. Farewell ; adieu. 
 Gdbd'li-ness, w. Beauty ; ! 
 
 grace. [ly- I 
 
 Gdbd'ly, a. Beautiful ; come- , 
 Gdbd'ness, n. Excellence. j 
 Gdbdg, n. pi. Movables; 
 
 household furniture. | 
 Gdbd-will', Benevolence;! 
 
 business faciUties. | 
 Goose (21), n. A fowl ; a tai- i 
 lor's utensil. | 
 Gdb§8'b6r-ry, n. A thorny ; 
 shrub and its fruit. | 
 
 To swallow I Gore, n. Clotted blood ; tri- 
 angular piece of cloth. — 
 V. t. To wound with the 
 horns. 
 
 Gorge, n. The throat, — v. t. 
 To swallow with greediness ; 
 to satiate. [or showy. 
 
 Gor'geous (-jus), a. Very fine 
 Gor'gon, n. A fabled monster 
 tliat turned beholders to 
 stone. 
 Go-rilMa 
 (18), n. 
 A large 
 monkey 
 found in 
 Western 
 Africa. 
 Gor'mand- (^onW^. 
 
 ize, V. i. To eat greedily. 
 G6r'mand-Tz/er, n. A vo- 
 
 rjicious eater. 
 Gorse, n. A prickly shrub. 
 Gor'y, a. Stained with gore. 
 Gos'ling, n. A young goose. 
 G6s'pel,n. The history of Je- 
 sus Christ ; any system of 
 religious truth or doctrine. 
 G6s'sa-mer, n. A filmy sub- 
 stance floating in the air. 
 Gds'sip, n. One who tattles 
 idly ; tattle, — r. i. To tell 
 G6t, ivip. of Get. [idle tales. 
 G6tli, n. A barbarian. 
 G6th'i-e, a. Pertaining to the 
 Goths, or to a certain stjle 
 of architecture. 
 Gouge (gowj ; in Eng. g(rcj), 
 n. A chitel with a round 
 edge. — V. L To scoop out 
 with a gouge. [fruit. 
 Gourd, a. A plant and its 
 Gcur'mand (gdor-'-), n. A 
 
 ravenous eater ; a glutton. 
 Gout. n. A painful disease. 
 Gout'y , a. Diseased with gout. 
 Gov'ern (guv/ern), v. t. To 
 
 rule ; to control. 
 Gov'ern-ange, n. Manage- 
 ment ; control. [ess. 
 Gov^er-nante', w. Agovern- 
 Gov'ern-ess, w. A female 
 
 who governs or instructs. 
 Gov'ern-ment, n. Regula- 
 tion ; control ; executive 
 power; an empire or state. 
 G6v'ern-or, n. Chief magis- 
 trate ; a regulator. 
 
 86n, or, do, W9lf, toD, to^ok; firn, rjje, pijll; 9, ^, soft; c, g, hard; ag ; exist; q as ng; tiiis. 
 
GOWN 
 
 124 
 
 GEEASE 
 
 Gown, n. A woman's dress. 
 
 Grab, v. t. To seize, 
 
 Grage, n. Favor ; divine fa- 
 vor ; religious affections ; a 
 brief prayer ease of man 
 ner. — v. t. To adorn; to 
 dignify ; to favor. 
 
 Grage'ful (17), a. Beautiful 
 with dignit}' ; elegant. 
 
 Grage'ful-ly, adv.^With dig- 
 mty. ' [grace. 
 
 Grage'less, a. Destitute of 
 
 Gra'cious, a. Favorable ; 
 kind. [bly. 
 
 Gra'cioiis-ly, adv. Favora- 
 
 Gra-da'tion, w. Order; series. 
 
 Grade, ?i. Degree; rank; 
 rate of ascent or descent. — 
 f . t. To reduce to a level 
 or to a regular slope. 
 
 Gra'di-ent, a. Moving by 
 steps. — 71. D(^gree of as- 
 cent or descent in a road. 
 
 Grad'u-al, a. Proceeding by 
 degrees ; progressive, [grees. 
 
 Grad'u-al-ly, adv. By de- 
 
 Grad'u-ate, v. i. To receive 
 an academical degree. — v. t. 
 To mark with degrees. 
 
 Grad'u-ate, n. Otie who has 
 received an academical de- 
 gree, [graduating. 
 
 Grad'u-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Graft, n. A scion inserted in 
 a stock. — V. i. To insert 
 a shoot or scion in. 
 
 Grain, w. Corn ; a small seed ; 
 a minute particle ; {pL) re- 
 mains of malt. — v.t. To 
 granulate ; to paint in imi- 
 tation of grains of wood. 
 
 Gra-min'e-ous, a. Pertain- 
 ing to grass ; grassy. 
 
 Gram-'i-niv'o-rous, a. Feed- 
 ing on grass. 
 
 Gram'mar, n. Art of speak- 
 ing and writing a language 
 correctly. 
 
 Gram-ml'ri-an, n. One 
 versed in grammar. 
 
 Gram-mat'i-€al, a. Accord- 
 ing to the rules of grammar. 
 
 Gram-mat'i-eal-ly, adv. Ac- 
 cording to grammar. 
 
 Gram'pus, n. A fish allied 
 to the whale. 
 
 Gran'a-ry, n. A store-house 
 for grain. 
 
 Grand, a. Very great ; mag- 
 nificent ; principal. 
 
 Gran'dam, n. Grandmother. 
 
 Grand'child, n. A son's or 
 daughter's child. 
 
 Gran-dee', n. A man of rank. 
 
 Grand'eur, n. Magnificence. 
 
 Grand'fa-ther, n. A father's 
 or mothei*'s father. 
 
 Gran-diPo-quenge, n. Lofty 
 speaking. [indictment. 
 
 Grand-ju'ry, n. A jury on 
 
 Grand'moth-er, n. A father's 
 or mother's mother. 
 
 Grand'sire, n. A grandfather. 
 
 Grand'son, n. The son of a 
 son or daughter. 
 
 Grange, n. A barn ; a farm 
 with its buildings, &c. 
 
 Gran'ite, n. A stone com- 
 posed of quartz, feldspar, 
 and mica. [ing on grain. 
 
 Gra-niv'o-rous, a. Subsist- 
 
 Grant, v. l. To bestow; to 
 give ; to yield. — «. A thing 
 granted. 
 
 Grant-ee' (18), n. One to 
 whom a grant is made. 
 
 Grant'er, ( n. One Avho makes 
 
 Grant'or, ) a grant. 
 
 Gr5,n'u-lar, a. Consisting of 
 grains. [into grains. 
 
 Gran'u-late, v. To form 
 
 Gran^u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 forming into grains. 
 
 Gr3,n'ule,n. A particle. 
 
 Grape, n. The fruit of the 
 vine. 
 
 Grap'er-y, n. A building for 
 
 raising grapes in. 
 Grape'-sh6t, n. A cluster of 
 
 small shot in a bag or case. 
 GrS,ph'i-e, a. Well delineated. 
 Grap'nel, n. A kind of small 
 
 anchor. 
 Grap'ple, v. t. To lay fast 
 
 hold of. — v. i. To contend 
 
 closely. — n. A seizing; a 
 
 kind of hook. 
 Grasp, V. t. To seize and 
 
 hold. — n. Gripe of the 
 
 h.Mnds. 
 
 Grass, n. Herbage. — v. To 
 grow over with grass. 
 
 Grass'h6p-per, n. An insect. 
 
 Grass'y, a. Covered with, or 
 resembling, grass. 
 
 Grate, v. t. or i. To rub 
 
 hard ; to fret ; to vex. — n. 
 A frame of metal bars. 
 
 Grate'ful, a. Having a sense 
 of favors ; affording pleas- 
 ure. — Syn. Thankful ; 
 agreeable ; welcome. 
 
 Grat'er, n. An instrument 
 for grating. 
 
 Gr^lt^i-fi-ea'tion, n. Pleas- 
 ure enjoyed ; satisfaction. 
 
 Grat'i-fy, v. t. To indulge; 
 to please ; to humor. 
 
 Grat'ing,a. Fretting ; harsh. 
 
 — n. A partition of bars ; a 
 harsh sound of rubbing. 
 
 Gra'tis, adv. For nothing. 
 
 Gr5,t'i-tude,n. Thankfulness. 
 
 Gra-tu'i-tous, a. Free ; vol- 
 untary ; asserted without 
 proof. 
 
 Gra-tii'i-tj'-, n. A free gift. 
 GrS-t^u-la'tion, n. Expres- 
 sion of joy. 
 Grave, n. A pit for the dead. 
 
 — a. Serious ; Aveighty ; 
 slow ; solem.n ; not acute. — 
 v.t. [imp. GRAVED ; p.p. 
 GRAVED, GRAVEN.] To 
 
 engrave ; to clean, as a ship. 
 Grav'el, n. Small pebbles ; 
 concretions in the kidneys. 
 
 — V. t. To cover with gravel. 
 
 Grave'ly, adv. Seriously. 
 
 Grav'er, n. A tool to en- 
 grave with. [by a grave. 
 
 Grave'-stone, n. A stone set 
 
 Grave'-yard. n. Burial place. 
 
 Grav'id, a. Pregnant. 
 
 Grav'i-tate, v. i. To tend to- 
 ward the center. 
 
 Gr3;V/i-ta'tion, n. Tendency 
 to the center. 
 
 Grav'i-ty, n. Seriousness ; 
 force Avhich draws toward 
 the center of attraction. 
 
 Gra'vy. n. Juice of cooked 
 meat, made into a dressing. 
 
 Gray, a. Hoary ; white with 
 a mixture of black. 
 
 Gray'beard, n. An old man. 
 
 Graze, v. To eat grass ; to 
 rub slightly. 
 
 Graz'er, n. One who grazes. 
 
 Gra'zier (grn^zhur), n. One 
 who feeds cattle. 
 
 Grease, n. Animal fat. 
 
 Grease, or Grease, v. t. To 
 smear with grease. 
 
 ,6,1, o, u, y,lons; 
 
 y^, short ; cure, car, ask, ftll, whf^t ; ere, Vfiil, term ; pYque, firm j 
 
GREASINESS 
 
 125 
 
 GRUIVIBLE 
 
 Grea'§i-ness, or Greas'i- 
 ness, n. State of being 
 greasy. [unctuous. 
 
 Grea'sy, or Greas'y, a. Fat ; 
 
 Great^ a. Large ; big ; chief ; 
 pregnant ; important ; dis- 
 tinguished, [grec. 
 
 Great'ly, adv. In a great de- 
 
 Great'ness, n. Quality of be- 
 ing great. 
 
 Gre'cian (gre^shan), a. Per- 
 taining to Greece. 
 
 Greed'i-ly, adv. Ravenously. 
 
 Greed'i-ness (13), n. llaven- 
 ousnesa ; ardent desire. 
 
 Greed'y, a. Ravenous ; cov- 
 etous ; eager to obtain. 
 
 Greek, n. A native of 
 Greece; language of Greece. 
 
 Green, a. Of the color of 
 growing plants •, fresh ; raw ; 
 not dry ; not ripe. — n. A 
 green color; a grassy plot. 
 — V. t. To make green. 
 
 Green'-gro/ger, n. A retail- 
 er of fresh vegetables. 
 
 Green'-house, n. A house 
 to keep plants in. 
 
 Green§, n. pi. Leaves and 
 stems of young plants used 
 for food. [turf. 
 
 Green's ward, n. A close green 
 
 Greet, v. f. To salute ; to hail. 
 
 Greet'ing, n. A saJutation. 
 
 Gre-ga'ri-ous, a. Keeping 
 in tiocks. 
 
 Gre-nade', n. A ball filled 
 with gunpowder. 
 
 Gren/a-dier', n. A soldier 
 distinguished by his height 
 and by uniform. 
 
 Grew (gru), i^T^P- of Grow. 
 
 Grey. See Grmj. 
 
 Grey'hownd 
 (graA), n. . A 
 tall, fleet kind 
 of dog. 
 
 Grid'die, n. A 
 pan to bake' 
 cakes in ; 
 cover for 
 stove. 
 
 Grid'i-ron (-i'um), n. A kind 
 of grate to broil meat on. 
 
 Grief, n. A painful sense of 
 loss : sorrow ; sadness. 
 
 Griev'ange, n. That which 
 causes grief. 
 
 Greyhound. 
 
 Grieve, 1'. 1*. To mourn; to 
 sorrow. — v. t. To give pain 
 to. [tlictive. 
 Griev'ous, a. Painful ; af- 
 Grif'fin, )n. A fabled ani- 
 Grif'fon, ) mal, part lion and 
 
 part eagle. 
 Grim, a. Fierce ; hideous. 
 Gn-mage', n. A made-up 
 face. 
 
 Gri-mal'kin, n. An old cat. 
 
 Grime, v. t. To sully deeply. 
 — 71. Dirt deeply insinuated. 
 
 Grim'ly, adv. In a grim or 
 fierce manner. 
 
 Grin (7), v. i. To show the 
 teeth. — n. A showing of 
 the teeth. 
 
 Grind, V. t. [imp. ground.] 
 To rub ; to reduce to pow- 
 der ; to oppress. 
 
 Grind'er, w. One who grin^s^ 
 a back tooth. 
 
 Grind,'stone, n. A stone to. 
 grind edged tools on. [ing. 
 
 Grip, n. A seiziug ; a grasp- 
 Gripe, V. t. To seize ; to 
 clutch. — n. A grasp ; op- 
 pression, [ful. 
 
 Gris'ly, a. Horrible ; fright- 
 Grist, n. Corn ground, or 
 for grinding, at once. 
 
 Gris'tle (gris^l), 71. Cartilage. 
 
 Grist'ly {gris'ly), a. Like 
 gristle. [sand ; gravel. 
 
 Grit, n. Coarse part of meal ; 
 
 Grit'ti-ness (7, 13), n. The 
 quality of being gritty. 
 
 Grit'ty, a. Full of grit ; 
 spirited. 
 
 Griz'zly, a. Somewhat gray. 
 
 Groan (8), v. i. To breathe 
 with a deep noise, as in 
 pain. — n. A deep, mourn- 
 ful sound. [sterling. 
 
 Groat (grawt), n. Fourpence 
 
 Groats, n. pi. Oats or wheat 
 deprived of the hulls. 
 
 Gro'ger, n. A dealer in sugar, 
 tea, liquors, spices, &c. 
 
 Gro'ger-y, n. A grocer's 
 shop or store; {pi!) goods 
 sold by grocers. 
 
 Gr6g, n. Spirit and water. 
 
 Groin, n. Part between the 
 belly and the thifrh ; curve 
 made by two intersecting 
 arches. 
 
 Groom, n. One who tends 
 bonnes ; a newly married 
 man. 
 
 Grc)bve, n. A long hollow cut 
 by a tool. — v. t. To cut a 
 furrow or channel in. 
 
 Grope, r. i. To feel in the dark. 
 
 Gross (2), a. Great ; bulky ; 
 immodest; indelicate; dense; 
 total. — n. The whole bulk; 
 twelve dozen. 
 
 Grdt, ) n. A cavern ; an 
 
 Grot'to, j ornamental cave. 
 
 Gro-tesque' (-te.sk''), a. Wild- 
 ly formed ; odd. 
 
 Ground, n. Upper part of 
 land ; soil ; foundation ; 
 (/;/.) lees. — V. To lay; to 
 found ; to run aground. — 
 i7iip. & p. p. of Grind. 
 
 Ground'less,a. Void of foun- 
 dation. 
 
 Ground'-nut, w. A plant and 
 its fruit, of several kinds. 
 
 Ground'-work (-wfirk), n. 
 Foundation ; first principle. 
 
 Group, n. Cluster; crowd; 
 assemblage. — v. t. To form 
 into a cluster. [bird. 
 
 Grouse, n. A kind of wild 
 
 Grove, n. A small wood. 
 
 GrSv'el (8), -y. t. To creep on 
 the earth. 
 
 Grow, V. t. or i. [imp. grew ; 
 p. p. GROWN.] To vege- 
 tate ; to increase ; to raise. 
 
 Growl, I'. To grumble ; to 
 snarl. — n. A cross murmur. 
 
 Grown, p. p. of Grow. 
 
 Growth, n. Increase of size ; 
 progress ; vegetation. 
 
 Grub, n. A small worm. — 
 V. t. or t. To dig. 
 
 Grudge, v. t. To part vrith 
 reluctantly. — v. i. To be 
 covetous or envious. — n. 
 A cherished ground of ill- 
 feeling ; spite. — Syn. Aver- 
 sion ; dislike ; ill-will ; pique. 
 
 Gru'el, n. Food made of 
 meal boiled in water. 
 
 Gruff (1), a. Stern; surly; 
 grum. 
 
 Gruffly, adv. With surli- 
 ness. 
 
 i Grum, a. Deep in the throat, 
 j Grum'ble, v. i. To murmur 
 I with discontent ; to growl. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wglf, to"o, tobk ; Gm, rije, pi^ill ; 9, ^, soft; e, g, hard; aj ; exist ; n as ng ; tliis. 
 
GRUMLY 
 
 GYVE 
 
 Grum'ly, adv. In a grum 
 manner ; morosely. 
 
 Grunt, v.i. To utter a sound 
 like a hog. — n. The sound 
 made^by a hog. 
 
 Gua'no (gwa^no), n. Manure 
 of the dung of sea-fowls. 
 
 Guawan-tee' (15), r. t. To 
 warrant. — n. A surety for 
 performance. 
 
 Guar 'an- tor, n. A warrantor. 
 
 Guar'an-ty, f . t. To under- 
 take for the performance of. 
 — n. One who warrants ; an 
 engagement. 
 
 Guard, n. A watch ; defense ; 
 — V. t. To watch ; to defend. 
 
 Guard'i-an, n. One who has 
 the care of another. — a. 
 Protecting. 
 
 Guard'i-an-ship,n. Office of 
 a guardian. 
 
 Gu'ber-na-to'ri-al, a. Per- 
 taining to a governor. 
 
 Giid'geon (-jun),n. A fish ; a 
 pin on which a wheel turns. 
 
 Guer-ril'la (i|er-riFIa, 18), a. 
 An irregular or predatory 
 mode of warfare. 
 
 Guess (2), r. To conject- 
 ure. — n. A conjecture. 
 
 Guest, M. A visitor, [leading. 
 
 Guid'ange, n. Direction ; a 
 
 Guide, V. t. To lead: to di- 
 rect. — n. One who shows 
 the way. 
 
 Guide'-post, n. A post to 
 point out the way. 
 
 Guild, n. An association of 
 workmen, &c. 
 
 Guild'er, n. A Dutch coin. 
 
 Guile, n. Cunning ; craft. 
 
 GuTle'ful, a. Deceitful ; 
 crafty". 
 
 Guile'less,a. Free from guile; 
 
 artless; sincere. 
 GuiHo-tine' (-teen/), n. A 
 
 machine for beheading. 
 Guilt, n. Criminality ; sin. 
 Guilt'i-ness, n. Criminality. 
 Gmlt'less, a. Without guilt. 
 Guilt'y,a. Criminal ; wicked. 
 Guin'ea (18), n. An English 
 
 gold coin of the value of 21 
 
 shillings sterling. 
 Guige, n. Manner; garb. 
 
 Gui-tar', n. A stringed instru- 
 ment of mu-^. 
 sic, played 
 with the fin- ^^j^?*. 
 
 Gulf, n. A 
 
 large bay ; ^3^^^ 
 
 an open sea ; 
 
 an abyss. Guitar. 
 
 Gulf'y, a. Full of whirlpools, 
 or gulfs. 
 
 Gull (1), V. t. To cheat; to 
 defraud. — n. A sea-fowl; 
 one easily cheated ; a dupe. 
 
 Gul'let, n. Passage for food 
 in the throat ; esophagus. 
 
 GuFli-bil'i-ty, n. CreduUty. 
 
 Gul'ly, n. A channel worn by 
 water. — v. t. To wear by 
 water into «a channel. 
 
 Gulp, v.t. To swallow eager- 
 ly. — n. A swallow, or as 
 much as is swallowed at once. 
 
 Gum, n. Fleshy substance 
 inclosing the teeth ; muci- 
 lage of vegetables hardened. 
 — v. t. To unite or stiffen 
 with gum. 
 
 Gum'-boil, n. A boil or 
 small abscess on the gum. 
 
 Gum'my, a. Consisting of, 
 or like, gum. 
 
 Gump, n. A dolt ; a dunce. 
 
 Gump'tion, n. Shrewdness; 
 address ; capacity. 
 
 Gun, M. A cannon, musket, 
 or rifle, &c. — v. i. To prac- 
 tice fowling. 
 
 Gun'ner, n. One who works 
 a gun ; a cannoneer. 
 
 Gun'ner-y, n. The art and 
 science of firing guns. 
 
 Gun'ning, n. Act of shoot- 
 ing. 
 
 Gun'pow-der, n. An explo- 
 sive composition of saltpe- 
 ter, sulphur, and charcoal. 
 
 Gun'sh6t, n. The reach or 
 range of a shot. 
 
 Gun'smith, n. A gun maker ; 
 an armorer. 
 
 Gun'stSck, n. Wood in which 
 the barrel of a gun is fixed. 
 
 Gun'wkle (gttn/nel), n. Upper 
 edge of a ship's side. 
 
 Gurge, n. A whirlpool, abyss. 
 
 Gtir'gle, v. i. To gush ir- 
 regularly and noisily, as 
 water from a bottle. 
 
 Gush, V. i. To rush out, as a 
 fluid. — n. A sudden and 
 violent flow of a fluid. 
 
 Gus'set, n. A piece of cloth 
 inserted in a garment to 
 strengthen it. 
 
 Gust, n. Taste ; enjoyment ; 
 a sudden blast of wind. 
 
 Gus'to,n. Relish; taste. 
 
 Gust'y, a. Subject to blasts 
 of wind. 
 
 Gut, n. The intestinal canal. 
 — V. t. To discnjbowel; to 
 destroy the interior of. 
 
 Gut'ta-per/cha, n. A sub- 
 stance exuding from certain 
 trees in Asia, and resembling 
 India rubber in some of its 
 properties. 
 
 Gut'ter, n. A passage for wa- 
 ter ; a small channel. — v. t. 
 To become hollowed or chan- 
 neled. 
 
 Gut'tle, V. t. To swallow 
 
 greedily. 
 Gut'tur-al, a. Belonging to, 
 
 or formed in, the throat. 
 Guy, n. A rope to keep a 
 
 body steady in hoisting. 
 Guz'zle, V. i. or t. To swallow 
 
 much or frequently. 
 6ym-na'si-um (-na/zhi-), n. 
 
 A place for athletic exer- 
 ^ cises ; a school. 
 Gym-nas'ti€, a. Pertaining 
 
 to athletic exercises. 
 Gym-nas'ti€S, n. sing. The 
 
 art of performing athletic 
 
 exercises, 
 (jyp'sum, n. Sulphate of 
 
 lime ; plaster-of- Paris. 
 G^p'sy (19), n. One of a 
 
 vagabond race scattered 
 
 over Europe. 
 6y'ral, a. Whirling; moT- 
 
 ing round ; rotatory. 
 6y-ra'tion, n. A circular mo- 
 tion. 
 
 Gy'ra-to-ry, a. Moving in a 
 circle or spirally. 
 
 6yve. n. A fetter or shackle 
 for the leg. —v.t. To shack- 
 le ; to fetter. 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y , long ; S, e, I, 6, u, j^, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vsil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; ( 
 
HA 
 
 127 HANDKERCHIEr 
 
 H. 
 
 HA, interj. denoting sur- 
 prise. 
 
 Ha'be-as -eor'pus. A writ 
 
 to produce the body of a 
 
 prisoner in court. 
 Hab'er-d^sh'er, n. A dealer 
 
 in small wares. 
 Ha-bil'i-ment, w. Dress ; 
 
 clothing ; garment. 
 Hab'it, n. Ordinary state ; 
 
 temperament of body ; fixed 
 
 custom ; dress ; a garment. 
 
 — V. t. To clothe. 
 Hab'it-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being inhabited. 
 HaVit-a'tion, n. Dwelling. 
 Ha-bit'u-al, a. Formed by, 
 
 or according to, habit. — I 
 
 Syn. Customary ; usual. 
 Ha-bit'u-al-Iy, adv. Com- 1 
 "^"">v^only ; customarily, [torn. 
 Ha-bit'u-ate, v. t. To accus- 
 Hab'i-tude, n. Customary 
 
 mode of living or acting. 
 Hack, V. t. To cut awkwardly. 
 
 — V . i . To try to raise phlegm . 
 
 — n. A horse or coach for 
 
 hire ; a notch ; a cut. — a. 
 
 Hackneyed ; mercenary. 
 H§.ck'le, V. t. To comb, as 
 
 flax or hemp ; to hatchel. 
 Hack'ney (19), n. A horse or 
 
 coach for hire. 
 H3,ck'neyed, a. Let out for 
 
 hire ; much used ; trite. 
 H3iCk'ney-e6ach, n. A coach 
 
 for hire. 
 HM, imp. & p. p. of Have. 
 HM'dock, n. A fish much 
 
 like the cod. 
 Haft, n. A handle ; the hilt. 
 Hd>g, n. An ugly old woman ; 
 
 a witch. 
 Hag'gard, a. Wasted by 
 
 want or suffering. 
 HSg'gish, a. Like a hag. 
 Hag'gle, V. t. To ncvtch or 
 
 hack. — V. i. To be difficult 
 
 in making a bargain, [gles. 
 HS.g'gler, n. One who hag- 
 Ha/gi-6g'ra-phy, n. Sacred 
 
 writings. 
 
 Hail, n. Frozen drops of rain ; ^ 
 a wish of health. — v. t. To 
 call ; to salute. — v. i. To 
 fall as icy masses. 
 
 Hail'stone, n. A small mass 
 of ice falling. [ment. 
 
 Hair, n. A small animal fila- 
 
 Hair '-breadth, n. A very 
 small distance. — a. Ex- 
 tremely narrow. 
 
 Hair'-brush, n. A brush to 
 smooth the hair with. 
 
 Hair'-el6th, n. Cloth made 
 of hair. [being hairy. 
 
 Hair'i-ness (13), n. State of 
 
 Hair'y, a. Full of hair ; made 
 of hair. [family. 
 
 Hake, n. A fish of the cod 
 
 Hal'berd (hoF-), n. A mili- 
 tary weapon. 
 
 H^l'Qy-on, n. The kingfisher. 
 — a. Calm ; quiet ; peaceful. 
 
 Hale, a. Robustly healthy. 
 
 Hale, or Hale, v. t. To haul. 
 
 Half (haf),' n. {pi. Halves, 
 havz.) One of two equal 
 parts into which any whole 
 is divided. — adv. In part ; 
 in equal part. — a. Consist- 
 ing of half. 
 
 Half'-bl6od (haf/-), n. A re- 
 lation by one parent. 
 
 Half'-easte (haf/-), n. One 
 born of a Hindoo and a 
 European. [duced pay. 
 
 Half-pay (haf^-), ?i. Re- 
 Half 'pen-ny (hc^p'pen-n^), n. 
 Half a penny. 
 
 Hal'i-but (hoF-), n. A large, 
 flat sea-fish. 
 
 Hall (1), n. Entrance of a 
 house ; a public room ; a 
 stately edifice ; a college. 
 
 Hal/le-lu'iah I (hal/le-lu'ya), 
 
 Hal^le-lu'jah j n. & interj. 
 Praise ye the Lord. 
 
 Hal-ldb', V. i. or t. To cry 
 out. — interj. An exclama- 
 tion to excite attention. 
 
 Jl^Vldw,v. t. To consecrate.^ 
 
 Hal-lu''Qi-na'tion, n. A de- 
 lusion of the ima^nation. 
 
 nammock. 
 
 Ha'lo (18), n. A circle round 
 
 the sun or moon. 
 Halt, V. i. or t. To limp ; to 
 stop. — a. Lame ; crippled. 
 
 — n. A stop ; a limping. 
 Halt'er, n. A rope to tie a 
 
 horse ; a hangman's rope. — 
 V. t. To put a halter on. 
 Halve (hav), v. t. To divide 
 
 into two equal parts. 
 Halve§ (havz), n. pi. of Half. 
 Hal'yard, n. A rope or tackle 
 for raising or lowering a sail. 
 Ham, n. The hind part of 
 
 the knee ; thigh of a hog. 
 Hime§, n. pi. A kind of col- 
 lar for horses. 
 Hto'let, n. A small village. 
 Ham'mer, n. An instrument 
 for driving nails. — v. t. (8) 
 To drive with a hammer. 
 Ham'mock, 
 (5), n. A"! 
 hanging bed. 
 H^m'per, n. A 
 covered bas- 
 ket. — V. t. To embarrass. 
 Ham'string, n. A tendon of 
 the ham. — v. t. To cut 
 the tendons of the ham of. 
 Hand, n. The palm with the 
 fingers ; pointer of a time- 
 piece ; manner of writing, — 
 V. t. To give ; to lead. 
 Hand'bill, n. A loose printed 
 sheet for public information. 
 H^nd'b(5bk, n. A manual of 
 
 reference. 
 Hand'€uff, n. A manacle. 
 
 — V. t. To put handcuffs 
 on ; to manacle. 
 
 Hand'ful (17), 7i. As much as 
 
 the hand can hold. 
 Hand'i-eraft, n. Manual oc- 
 cupation. 
 Hand'i-ly, adv. In a handy 
 
 manner ; dexterously. 
 Hand'i-ness, n. Ease in per- 
 formance. 
 Hand'ker-chief (hank^er-), 
 n. A cloth carried about the 
 person to wipe the face, &c. 
 
 »6n, or, dQ, wolf, tob, t<rok ; tirn, rjje, pi.iU ; p, soft ; -e, g, hard; as ; ejcist ; q as ng j this. 
 
HANDLE 
 
 128 
 
 HAUL 
 
 Han 'die, To touch ; to 
 
 mauage. — n. Tiio part by 
 which a thing is held. 
 
 Hand'maid, - In. A wait- 
 
 Hand'maid-en, j ing-maitl. 
 
 Hand'-saw, ;i. A small saw. 
 
 Hand'some (han^sum), a. 
 Comely ; good-looking ; ap- 
 propriate ; generous. 
 
 Hand's6me-ly (han/sum-), 
 adv. In a handsome man- 
 ner, [lever. 
 
 Hand'spike, n. A wooden 
 
 H^ind'y, a. lleady ; dexterous. 
 
 Hang, V. i. [imp. iiang-ed, 
 HUNG.] To bo suspended. 
 — f. t. To put to death on 
 a gallows. [sword. 
 
 Rang'er, n. A short, broad 
 
 Hang'ings, n. jd. Drapery 
 hung to walls. 
 
 Hang'man (21), n. A public 
 executioner, [tied together. 
 
 Hank, n. Two or more skeins 
 
 Hank'er, v. i. To long for. 
 
 Hank'er-ing, n. Eager desire. 
 
 Hap, n. That which comes 
 unexpectedly. — Syn. Casu- 
 alty ; chance ; accident. 
 
 Hap'-haz'ard, n. Extra haz- 
 ard : chance ; accident. 
 
 Hap'lcss, a. Unhappy. 
 
 H^p'ly,a//t\ Perhaps. 
 
 Hap'pen, v. i. To come to 
 pass. [fortunately. 
 
 Hap'pi-ly, adv. Luckily ; 
 
 Hap'pi-ness, n. State of en- 
 joyment. 
 
 Hap'py, a. In a state of fe- 
 licity ; fortunate ; ready. 
 
 Ha-P^ngue' (-rang/), n. A 
 noisy speech ; an oration. — 
 V. i. To declaim. 
 
 Har'ass, v. t. To fatigue to 
 excess ; to perplex. [ner. 
 
 Har'bin-ger, n. A forcrun- 
 
 Har'bor (33), n. A havon for 
 ships. — V. t. To lodge ; to 
 shelter ; to entertain. — v. i. 
 To take shelter. 
 
 Hard,a''/y. Close ; nearly. — 
 a. Not soft ; firm ; solid ; 
 not easily done ; difficult ; 
 rigorous ; close. 
 
 Hard'en, v. To make or grow 
 hard. [ing ; cruel. 
 
 Hard'-heart'ed, n. Unfeel- 
 
 Hard'i-hood, n. Boldness. 
 
 Hard'i-ness, n. Firm intre- 
 pidity ; robustness. 
 
 Hard'ly, adv. Not easily. 
 
 Hiird'ness, n. Quality of 
 being hard. 
 
 Hard'ship, n. Any thing 
 hard to bear ; severe toil. 
 
 Hard'ware, n. AYares made 
 of iron, &c. [robust. 
 
 Hard'y, a. Strong ; brave ; 
 
 Hare, n. A 
 
 A plant with ^^^^^^^ 
 blue bell- Hare, 
 shaped flowers. 
 
 Hare '-brained, a. TTiid ; 
 giddy. [like a hare's. 
 
 Hare'lip, n. A divided lip 
 
 Ha'rem, n. Ladies' apart- 
 ment in a seraglio. 
 
 Hark, v. i. To hear; to 
 listen. — : mterj. Hear ! 
 
 Har'le-quin (-kin or -kwin), 
 71. A buffoon ; a clown. 
 
 Har'lot, n. A lewd woman. 
 
 Harm, 7i. Injury;" hurt; 
 damage. — v. t. To injure ; 
 to hurt. 
 
 Harm'ful, a. Hurtful. 
 
 Harm'less, a. Innocent; not 
 hurtful ; unhurt. 
 
 Har-m6n'i-e, ) a. Relating 
 
 Har-mon'ie-al, ) to harmo- 
 ny ; musical. 
 
 Har-m5'ni-ous, a. Agreeing 
 together ; musical. 
 
 Har'mo-nize, v. To make or 
 become harmonious. 
 
 Har'mo-ny, n. Agreement; 
 concord of musical strains 
 diiTering in pitch and qual- 
 ity. 
 
 Har'ness, n. Equipments of 
 ahorse, &c. — v.t. To put 
 on harness. 
 
 Harp, n. An instrument of 
 music. — V. i. To play on 
 a harp. [on a harp. 
 
 Harp'ej, n. One who plays 
 
 Har-pdbn', n. , , , 
 A barbed fish- 
 ing- spear. — ILarpoon. 
 v.t. To strike with a har- 
 poon. 
 
 Harp'si-eh6rd, M. A stringed 
 instrument of music. 
 
 Har'py (19), n. A fabulous 
 animal ; an extortioner. 
 
 Har'ri-er, n. A hunting dog. 
 
 Har'row, n. An instrument 
 to break or smooth land. — 
 V. t. To break with a har- 
 row ; to harass. 
 
 Har'ry, v. t. To harass. 
 
 Harsh, a. Rough to the 
 touch, taste, or feelings. 
 
 Harsli'ness, n. Roughness. 
 
 Hart, n. A stag or male deer. 
 
 Harts'horn, n. Horn of the 
 hart; carbonate of ammonia. 
 
 Har'vest, n. Season for 
 gathering any crop ; crop 
 gathered ; effects. — v. t. To 
 gather, as a crop, when ripe. 
 
 Hash, V. t. To mince ; to 
 chop. — n. Minced meat. 
 
 Has'let, 71. Inwards of a hog, 
 used for food. 
 
 Hasp, n. A clasp for a staple. 
 
 — V. t. To fasten with a 
 hasp. [on in church. 
 
 Has'sock, n. A mat to kneel 
 Hast, second person of Have. 
 Haste, 71. Celerity ; hurry ; 
 
 speed ; dispatch. 
 Haste, _ )v.t. or i. 
 Hast'en (has^n), j To make 
 
 speed ; to hurry. 
 Has'ti-ly, adv. With haste. 
 Has'ty, a. Quick in action ; 
 
 passionate ; rash. 
 H^t, n. A cover for the head. 
 Hatch, V. t. To produce from 
 
 eggs. — n. A brood ; one of 
 
 the openings in a ship's deck. 
 Hatch'el, n. An instrument 
 
 to clean fiax. — v. t. To 
 
 draw through the teeth of a 
 
 hatchel, as flax. 
 Hatch'et, n. A small ax. 
 Hatch'way, n. An opening 
 
 in a ship's deck. 
 Hate, V. t. To dislike greatly. 
 
 — n. Great dislike; enmity. 
 Hate'ful, a. Exciting great 
 
 dislike. [ill-will ; hate. 
 
 Ha'tred, n. Great dislike or 
 H^t'ter , 71 . A maker of hats. 
 Haugh'ti-ly (haw^-), adv. 
 
 With pride and contempt. 
 Haugh'ty (haw/tj ), a. Proud 
 
 and overbearing. 
 Haul, V. t. To draw with 
 
 force. — 71. A pull ; draught. 
 
 a, e,T, o, u,y, long ; ii,e,lf, 6, Q, 
 
 5^, short ; cSre, ciir, ask, jjll, wh^t ; Gre, veil, tCrm ; pique, fTrm ; 
 
HAUNCH 
 
 129 
 
 HEGIRA 
 
 Haunch, n. The hip. 
 
 Haunt, V. To frequent; to 
 visit as a ghost. — n. A 
 place of frequent resort. 
 
 Haut'boy (ho'boy), n. A wind 
 instrument. 
 
 Have, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 HAD.] To possess; to hold; 
 to own ; to enjoy. 
 
 Ha'ven (ha/vn), n, A harbor. 
 
 Hav'0€(5),n. Waste; devas- 
 tation, [the hawthorn. 
 
 Haw, n. Berry and seed of 
 
 bird of 
 prey ; the 
 falcon. — V. I 
 t. To force 
 up phlegm. 
 
 — V. t. To Hawk, 
 cry and sell, as goods. 
 
 Haw'ser, n. A small cable. 
 
 Haw'thorn, n. A shrub used 
 for hedges. 
 
 Hay, n. Grass dried for fod- 
 der, [making hay. 
 
 Hay'ing, n. Act or time of 
 
 Hay '-mow, n. A mow for 
 hay. 
 
 Hay '-rick, n. A long pile of 
 
 hay in the open air. 
 Hay '-stack, n. A conical 
 
 pile of hay Id the open air. 
 H3.z'ard, n. Risk of loss or 
 
 evil; danger. — v. t. To risk. 
 Haz'ard-ous, a. Exposing to 
 
 danger. — Syn. Perilous ; 
 
 imminent ; dangerous. 
 Haze, n. A thin mist or fog. 
 Ha'zel, n. A shrub bearing 
 
 nuts. — a. Like a hazel- 
 nut ; brown. 
 Ha'zi-ness (13), n. State of 
 
 being hazy. [dark. 
 Ha'zy, a. Foggy ; misty ; 
 He, pron. of the 3d person, 
 
 masculine gender, referring 
 
 to some man or male. 
 H§ad, n. Upper part of the 
 
 body ; chief ; front ; source. 
 
 — V. t. or i. To lead ; to di- 
 rect : to get in front of. 
 
 Head'ache (-ak), n. Pain in 
 
 the head. 
 Head'-dress, n. Covering 
 
 worn on the head. 
 Head'ing, n. Material for 
 
 the heads of casks. 
 
 Head'land,n. Apromontory. 
 Head'iess, a. Without a 
 head. 
 
 Head'long, a. Rash ; precip- 
 itate. — adv. Precipitately. 
 
 Head'-quar^terg, n. pL or 
 sing. Quarters of a chief 
 commander. [die. 
 
 Head'stall, n. Part of a bri- 
 
 Head'strong, a. Obstinate. 
 
 Head'way, n. Progress of 
 an advancing ship. 
 
 Head'-wind, w. A wind from 
 the direction opposite to a 
 ship's course. [toxicating. 
 
 Head'y, a. Willful; rash; iu- 
 
 Heal, V. t. To cure. — v. i. 
 To become well. 
 
 Health, n. Freedom from 
 sickness ; sound state. 
 
 Health'ful, a. Free from dis- 
 ease ; wholesome. 
 
 H6alth'i-ness, n. State of 
 being in health, [of health. 
 
 Health'y, a. Being in a state 
 
 Heap, n. A pile ; accumula- 
 tion. —v. t. To pile; to 
 amass ; to accumulate. 
 
 Hear, v. t. To perceive by 
 the ear. — v. i. To be told. 
 
 Heard (herd), iynp. & p. p. 
 from Hear. 
 
 Hear'er, n. One who hears. 
 
 Hear'ing, n. Sense of per- 
 ceiving sounds ; audience. 
 
 Heark'en, r. i. To listen ; to 
 lend the ear. 
 
 Hearse, n. A carriage to 
 bear the dead. 
 
 Hear'say, n. Report; rumor. 
 
 Heart, n. The organ of the 
 blood's motion ; inner part ; 
 seat of love ; spirit. 
 
 Heart'-hurn, n. Burning 
 sensation in the stomach. 
 
 Heart'-felt, a. Sincere ; 
 deep. [place. 
 
 Hearth, n. Floor of a fire- 
 
 Heart'i-ly, adv. From the 
 heart ; sincerely. 
 
 Heart'i-ness, n. Sincerity. 
 
 Heart'less, a. Yoid of aTec- 
 tiou or courage. 
 
 Heart'y, a. Exhibiting 
 strength; sincere; rich. 
 
 Heat, n. Great warmth ; 
 glow. — V. t. To make hot. 
 — V. i. To grow hot. 
 
 Heath, n. A shrub ; a place 
 overgrown with shrubs. 
 
 Hea'then, n. A pagan ; a 
 gentile. — a. Gentile; pa- 
 gan, [then I idolatrous. 
 
 Hea'tiien-ish, a. Like hea- 
 
 Hea'then-i§m, n. Paganism. 
 
 Heath'er(hGtii/er),w. Heath. 
 
 Heave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 HEAVED, HOVE.] To lift J 
 to raise ; to throw off ; to 
 I.>ant. — n. A rising ; swell. 
 
 Heav'en, n. Region of the 
 air ; expanse of the feky ; 
 place of the blessed. 
 
 Heav'en-ly, a. Pertaining to 
 heaven. 
 
 Heaves, n. Disease of horses 
 marked by difficult breath- 
 ing. 
 
 Heav'i-ly, adv. With weight. 
 
 Heav'i-ness, n. Weight; de- 
 pression. 
 
 Heav'y, a. Weighty ; pon- 
 derous ; grievous ; dull ; 
 burdensome; clammy. 
 
 Heb-d6ni'a-dal, a. Weekly. 
 
 He'bra-ist, n. One versed iu 
 Hebrew. [of the Jews. 
 
 He'brew, n. A Jew ; language 
 
 He€'a-tcmb (-tobm), n. A 
 sacrifice of a hundred oxen. 
 
 He-e'ti€, a. Habitual; con- 
 stant. — n. A fever of in i- 
 tation and debility. 
 
 He<;'tor, n. A bully. — v. t. 
 To bully ; to tease ; to vex. 
 
 Hedge, n. A thicket of 
 shrubs. — V. t. To fence 
 w ith a hedge. 
 
 Hedge 'hog, n. A small ani- 
 mal armed with prickles or 
 spines. 
 
 Heed, v. t. To mind ; to ob- 
 serve. — n. Care ; atten- 
 tion ; notice. 
 Heed'ful, a. Attentive. 
 Heed'less, a. Careless ; inat- 
 tentive ; negligent. [ness. 
 Heed'less-ness, n. Careless- 
 Heel, n. Hind part of th9 
 foot. — V. i. To lean. — v. t. 
 To add a heel to. 
 He-gi'ra, or Heg'i-ra, n. 
 Flight of Mohammed from 
 Mecca, July 16, 622, from 
 which date the Mohammed- 
 ans reckon time ; any flight. 
 
 eon, or, do, w^lf, too, took; firn, ri]e, p\ill ; 9, ^, soft; g, Jmrd; a§ ; exist ; b as ng ; this- 
 
HEIFER 
 
 130 
 
 HETERODOX 
 
 Heifer, n. A young cow. 
 Height \ (hit, 27), n. Dis- 
 Hight ) tance from a point 
 
 below ; an elevated place ; 
 
 elevation in excellence. 
 Heighten I (hlt^n), v. t. To 
 Hight'en ) raise higher ; 
 
 to advance.^ 
 Hei'nous (ha/nus), a. Very 
 
 wicked ; hateful ; atrocious ; 
 
 flagrant. 
 Heir (Sr), n. He who inherits 
 
 the property of another. 
 Heirless (^r/-), n. A female 
 
 heir. 
 
 Heir'-lobm (ar'-), n. Any 
 furniture which descends to 
 an heir. 
 
 Held, imp. & p.p- of Hold. 
 
 He'li-o-trope, n. A plant 
 with very fragrant flow- 
 ers. 
 
 Hell (1), n. The place of the 
 devil and the damned. 
 
 Hell'ish, a. Infernal. 
 
 Helm, n. The instrument by 
 which a ship is steered. 
 
 H61m'et,n. De- 
 fensive armor 
 for the head. 
 
 He'lot, or Hel'- 
 ot, n. A Spar- 
 tan slave ; any 
 slave. 
 
 Help, V. t. To aid ; to assist ; 
 to prevent. — v. i. To lend 
 aid. — n. Aid ; support. 
 
 Help'ful, a. Affording help. 
 
 Help'less, a. Destitute of 
 help or of relief. 
 
 H61p'mate, I n. A companion 
 
 Help'meet, I or helper. 
 
 H61ve, n. Handle of an ax 
 
 Hem, n. Boi-der of a gar- 
 ment.— r. t. (7) To fold and 
 sew the edge of ; to border. 
 
 HSm'i-sphere, n." Half of a 
 sphere. 
 
 H6m/i-sph§r'i€, ) a. Con- 
 H5m/i-spher'i€-al, j taining 
 
 half a sphere. 
 Hem'lock (5),n. A poisonous 
 
 plant ; an evergreen tree. 
 Hem'or-rhage, n. A flowing 
 
 of blood from a rupture. 
 HSmp, n. A plant whose 
 fibers are used for making 
 rope, cloth, &c. 
 
 Helmet. 
 
 Hen, n. The female of birds. 
 Hen'bane, n. A plant pois- 
 onous to hens, &c. 
 Henge, adv. From this place, 
 
 time, or cause. 
 Henge-forth', or Henge'- 
 forth, adc. From this time. 
 Henge -for' ward, adv. From 
 
 this time forward. 
 He-pat'i€, a. Belonging to 
 
 the liver. 
 Hepaa-gon, n. A / \ 
 figure of seven sides ( ) 
 and angles. \ I 
 
 Hep-tag'o-nal, a. 
 
 Having seven sides. Hepta- 
 Hep'tar«h-y, n. Gov- gov- 
 ernment by seven rulers. 
 Her, pron. Objective form of 
 She. — a. Belonging to a 
 female. 
 
 Her'ald, n. An officer who 
 regulates coats of arms ; a 
 forerunner. — v.t. To pro- 
 claim, [heraldry. 
 He-ral'di€, a. Pert^iining to 
 Her'ald-ry, n. The art or 
 office of a herald ; blazonry. 
 Herb (orb), n. A plant with a 
 
 succulent stalk. 
 Her-ba'ceous, a. Belonging 
 
 to herbs. 
 Herb'age (Crb/ej or hSrVej). 
 
 n. Herbs collectively ; grass. 
 Herb'al, n. A book on plants ; 
 
 collection of plants dried. 
 Herb'al-ist, n. One skilled in 
 herbs. 
 
 Her-ba'ri-um, n. {pi. Her- 
 ba'ri-ums, or Her-ba'ri- 
 a, 25.) A collection of dried 
 plants. 
 
 Her-biv'or-ous, a. Feeding 
 
 on herbs. 
 Her-eu'le-an, a. "Very 
 
 strong, great, or difficult. 
 Herd, n. A collection ; 
 
 drove. — v. To associate. 
 Here, adv. In this place or 
 state. [near this place. 
 Here'a-bouts', adv. About or 
 Here-aft'er, adv. In time 
 after the present. — n. A 
 future state, [this account. 
 Here-at', adv. At this ; on 
 Here-by', adv. By this. 
 H6r/e-dit'a-ment, n. Hered- 
 itary property. 
 
 He-red'i-ta-ry, a. Descend- 
 ing by inheritance. 
 
 Here-in', adv. In this. 
 
 Here-6f' (-off/ or -ovO, adv. 
 Of this ; from this. 
 
 Here-6n', ) adv. On or 
 
 Here^up-Sn', j upon this. 
 
 Her'e-si-ar€h, or He-re'§i- 
 arch, n. A chief heretic. 
 
 Her'e-sy, n. Error in doc- 
 trine. 
 
 H6r'e-ti-e, n. One who errs 
 
 in religious faith, [heresy. 
 He-re t'i-C-al, a. Containing 
 Here-to% adv. To this. 
 Here'to-fore', Formerly. 
 Here-with', or Here-with', 
 
 adv. With this. 
 Her'it-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being inherited. 
 Her'it-age, n. Inheritance. 
 Her-maph'ro-dite, n. An 
 
 animal or plant uniting both 
 
 sexes. 
 
 Her''me-neu'ti€S, n. sing. 
 The art or science of inter- 
 preting the Scriptures. 
 
 Her-met'ic, \ a. Chem- 
 
 Her-met'i€-al, ) ical ; per- 
 fectly close ; air-tight, [ly. 
 
 Her-met'i€-al-ly, adv. Close- 
 
 Her'mit, n. One who lives 
 in solitude. [dwelling. 
 
 Her'mit-age, n. A hermit's 
 
 Her'ni-a, n. A rupture. 
 
 He'ro, n. {pi. He'r6e§, 18.) A 
 brave man ; a great person. 
 
 He-r5'i-e, ) a. Becoming a 
 
 He-r5'i<j-al, j hero. 
 
 Her'o-ine, n. A female hero. 
 
 Her'o-i§m, n. Distinguished 
 bravery ; gallantry. 
 
 Her 'on, n. A large , 
 wading bird. 
 
 Her 'ring, n. A ' 
 small fish. 
 
 Herg,pro?i. Possess- 
 ive form of She. I 
 
 Her-self',prow. The' 
 
 female in person. Heron. 
 
 He§'i-tan-gy, n. Uncertain- 
 ty ; doubt. 
 
 HeVi-tate, v. i. To pause in 
 doubt ; to stop in speaking ; 
 to falter. 
 
 Hes'i-ta'tion, n. A pausing ; 
 alstammering in speech. 
 
 Het'e-ro-d5x, a. Contrary 
 
 a,e,I,5,u,y,/on^; a,e,i, 6,u,j^,5/iort; care, car, ask, all, what ; Gre,y£il,tCrm ; pique, finn; 
 
HETERODOXY 
 
 131 
 
 HITHER WARD 
 
 to an acknowledged stand- 
 ard, aa the Bible ; erroneous. 
 
 Het'e-ro-d6x^y, n. Heresy. 
 
 Het^e-ro-ge'ne-ous, a. Of a 
 dififerent nature. 
 
 Hew, V. t. [imp. hewed ; 
 HEWED, HEWN.] To 
 cut off chips and pieces of. 
 
 Hex'a-gon, n. A / "A 
 figure with six / \ 
 sides and angles. / 
 
 Hex-ag'o-nal, a. \ / 
 
 Having six sides Hexagon, 
 and angles. 
 
 Hex^a-he'dron, n. A body of 
 six equal sides ; a cube. 
 
 Hex-a,m'e-ter, n. A kind of 
 verse of six metrical feet. 
 
 Hex-an'gu-lar, a. Having 
 six angles. 
 
 Hey, I interj. of exulta- 
 
 Hey'day, j tion. 
 
 Hi-a'tus, n. A chasm ; gap. 
 
 Hi'ber-nate, v. i. To pass 
 the winter in seclusion, as 
 some beasts. 
 
 HFber-na'tion, n. Act of 
 hibernating. [Ireland. 
 
 Hi-ber'ni-an, n. A native of 
 
 Hi-C'cough (hik^up), n. An 
 affection of the stomach. — 
 V. i. To have a hiccough. 
 
 Hick'o-ry, n. A walnut tree. 
 
 Hid, I a. Not seen ; con- 
 
 Hid'den, j cealed. 
 
 Hide, V. t. or i. [imp. hid ; 
 p. p. HID, hidden.] To 
 conceal ; to cover ; to keep 
 close. — n. Skin of a beast. 
 
 HIde'-bound, a. Having the 
 skin too tight. 
 
 Hid'e-ous, a. Shocking to the 
 eye or ear. — S Y N. fright- 
 ful ; horrible ; ghastly. 
 
 Hie (12), V. i. To hasten. 
 
 HPe-rar-eh, n. The chief of a 
 sacred order. 
 
 HFe-rar€h'al, ) a. Per- 
 
 HPe-rar€h'i€-al, j taining 
 to a hierarchy. 
 
 HT'e-rar-eh^y, n. Order of 
 celestial beings. 
 
 HFe-ro-glyph, 1 n. A mys- 
 
 Hi^e-ro-glJrph'i<5, j tical 
 symbol in ancient writings. 
 
 Hi'e-ro-glyph'i€, ' la. Ex- 
 
 HPe-ro-gltph'i«-al, ) press- 
 ive of meaning by symbols. 
 
 Hi-Sr'o-phant, or Hi'e-ro- 
 phant^, n. A chief priest. 
 
 Hig'gle, V. i. To curry pro- 
 visions about for sale ; to 
 chaffer. 
 
 High (In), a. Elevated ; lofty ; 
 exorbitant. — adv. Aloft ; 
 eminently. — n. A high 
 place. * 
 
 High'-born (hi/-), a. Being 
 of noble extraction. 
 
 High'-flown (hi/-), a. Ele- 
 vated ; proud. 
 
 High'land (hi^-), n. A moun- 
 tainous country. 
 
 High'land-er (hl^-), n. A 
 Scotch mountaineer. 
 
 High'-mmd/ed (hi/-), a. Ar- 
 rogant ; magnanimous. 
 
 High'ness(hi/-), n. Altitude ; 
 a title of honor. 
 
 High'-priest (hi/-), n. The 
 chief priest, [great degree. 
 
 High'ly (hi/-), adv. In a 
 
 Hight (hit), n. See Height. 
 
 Hlgh'-press/iire (hT/-), n. 
 Pressure exceeding about 50 
 pounds on the square inch. 
 
 High'-spir/it-ed (hF-), n. 
 Irascible ; bold. [road. 
 
 High'way (hi/-), n. A public 
 
 High'way-man (hi/-), n. A 
 robber on the public road. 
 
 Hi-la'ri-ous, or Hi-la'ri-ous, 
 n. Gay ; mirthful ; jubilant. 
 
 Hi-iar'i-ty, or Hi-lar'i-ty, 
 n. Mirth ; gayety. 
 
 Hill, «. An elevation of land. 
 — V. t. To draw earth 
 around. [nence. 
 
 Hill'ock (5), «. A small emi- 
 
 Hill'y, a. Abounding with 
 hills. [&c. 
 
 Hilt, n. Handle of a sword, 
 
 Him, pron. Objective case of 
 He. [form of He. 
 
 Him-self, pron. Emphatic 
 
 Hind, a. Backvrard ; back. — 
 n. Female of the red deer ; 
 a rustic. 
 
 Hlnd'er, a. On the rear. 
 
 Hm'der (8), v. t. To impede 
 the progress of. — Syn. To 
 stop ; check ; retard. 
 
 Hm'der-anQe, I M. Actofde- 
 
 Hm'drange, j laying. 
 
 Hind'most, I a. Behind 
 
 Hmd'er-ra5st, ) all others. 
 
 I Hm'doo, ) n. A native of 
 I Hm'du, j Hindostan. 
 I Hinge, n. The joint on which 
 a door turns. — v. t. To turn 
 or depend. 
 Hint, V. t. To suggest. — v. i. 
 To allude to. — n. Slight 
 allusion ; intimation. 
 Hip, n. Joint of the thigh. 
 Hip'po-drome, n. A circus for 
 horse-races, [winged horse. 
 Hip'po-griff , n. A fabulous 
 
 to the_hog. Hippopotamus. 
 Hip'-roof, n. 
 
 A roof with an angle. 
 Hire, r. t. To engage for 
 
 pay; to bribe. — n. Wages. 
 Hire'ling, n. A mercenary. — 
 
 a. Serving for wages. 
 Hir-sute', a. Shaggy ; rough. 
 Hi§ (2), ^/ron. Possessive case 
 
 of He. 
 
 Hiss (2 ), V. i. or t. To make 
 a sibilant sound. — n. A sib- 
 ilant noise ; expression of 
 contempt. [sound. 
 
 Hiss'ing, n. A sibilant 
 
 His-to'ri-an, n. A writer or 
 compiler of history. 
 
 His-t6r'i€, ) a. Pertaining 
 
 His-t6r'i€-al, j to history ; 
 containing history. 
 
 His-t5/ri-6g'ra-pher, n. A 
 writer of history. 
 
 His-tQ/ri-og'ra-phy, n. The 
 writing of history. 
 
 His'to-ry, n. A continuous 
 narrative of events. 
 
 His/tri-6n'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 to the theater. 
 
 Hit, V. t. [imp. & p. p. HIT.] 
 To strike ; to accord with. 
 
 — n. A striking ; a blow. 
 Hitch, V. t. To catch or 
 
 fasten. — v. i. To move by 
 jerks ; to fidget. — n. A knot ; 
 noo?e ; impediment ; jerk. 
 Hitii'er, adv. To this place. 
 
 — a. Nearest to the speaker. 
 Hitii'er-to/, adv. To this time 
 
 or place ; as yet ; until now . 
 Hith'er-ward, adv. _ -This 
 way ; hither. " 
 
 66n, or, dQ, W9lfi toD, took ; Urn, rije, p\ill ; 9, soft; g, hard; agj, exist ; u as ng ; this. 
 
HIYE 
 
 132 
 
 HOPvDE 
 
 Hive, n. A box for bees. — '. 
 
 V. To collect into a hive. 
 Hives, n. pL The croup. 
 Ho, 1 interj. Halloo ; attend ; 
 Hoa, ) — a call to excite at- '. 
 
 tention. [white. ; 
 
 Hoar, a. Gray with age ; 
 Hoard, v. t. To collect; to 
 
 amass. — n. A store laid up. 
 Hoar'-frost, n. Dew frozen. 
 Hoar'i-ness (13), n. State 
 
 of being hoar}^ 
 tloarse, a. Having the voice 
 
 rough or husky. 
 H5ar'y, a. Gray ; white. 
 Hoax, n. Deception for sport. 
 
 — v.t. To deceive for sport. 
 Hob'ble,-?;. i. To walk lame- 
 ly. — n. A halting walk. 
 
 Hob'by, n. A nag ; a favorite 
 
 object ; a child's horse. 
 H6b'g6b-lin, n. Apparition. 
 H6ck, n. Joint between the 
 
 knee and fetlock of a horse ; 
 
 a Rhenish wine. 
 Ho/€us-p5'-eus,n. A juggler, 
 
 or juggler's trick, [mortar. 
 Hod, n. A bricklayer's tray for 
 Hodge'podge, ) n. A mixed 
 Hotch-potch, j mass. 
 Hoe (18), ?f . A farmer's tool. 
 
 — V. t. (11, 15) To cut, dig, 
 or weed with a hoe. 
 
 Hog, n. A swine. 
 Hog'gish, a. Filthy ; greedy. 
 K6gs'head, n. A measure of 
 63 gallons. [romp. 
 Hoi'den, n. A bold girl ; a 
 Hoist, V. t. To raise ; to lift. 
 
 — n. Act of raising up. 
 H51d, V. t. {imp. & p. p. 
 
 HELD.] To stop,* to re- 
 strain; to grasp; to keep. 
 
 — v,i. To endure; to re- 
 frain. — n. Catch ; support ; 
 custody ; interior of a ship. 
 
 Hole, n. A hollow place; a 
 
 perforation ; cell, 
 llol'i-day, n. A festival day. 
 Ho'li-ness (13), n. Perfect 
 
 rectitude. —Syn. Purity; 
 
 sanctity ; sacredness. 
 HoPloa, ) interj. used in an- 
 Hol-lo', ] swer to a call. 
 H61'lo, or Hol-lo', \v.i. To 
 H61'Ia, ) call out. 
 
 H6T''i.T'nd, n. A kind of linen. 
 Hol'land:^ A kind of gin. 
 
 Hol'low, a. Empty; deceit- ] 
 ful ; low. — n. A low place ; 
 a hole. — V. t. To make hoi- ] 
 low. [being hollow. \ 
 
 Hol'low-ness, n. State of 
 Hol'ly, n. An evergreen tree. . 
 Hol'ly-hock, n. A plant. 
 H51m (hom),n. The evergreen '. 
 
 oak. [burnt sacrifice. 
 
 H6i'o-€aust, n. A whole- '. 
 Hol'ster, n. A horseman's 
 
 case for pistols. 
 Ho'ly, a. Perfectly pure ; 
 
 pious ; _godly ; sacred. 
 Ho'ly-day, n. A religious 
 festival, [worship ; respect. 
 Hom'age, n. llevereuce ; 
 Home, n. One's dwelling- 
 house. — a. Close ; severe. 
 — adv. To the point. 
 Home'li-ness, n. Plainness. 
 Home'less, a. Having no 
 home. 
 
 Home'ly, a. Plain ; not hand- 
 some; coarse. [home. 
 Home'-made, a. Made at 
 H6/me-o-path'i€, a. Pertain- 
 ing to homeopathy. 
 Ho^me-op'a-thy , n. A theory 
 , and practice founded on the 
 principle that a medicine 
 which will cause will also 
 cure a disease. 
 Home'sick, a. Sick from 
 
 being away from home. 
 Home'spun, a. Made in the 
 family ; coarse ; plain ; rude. 
 Home'stead, n. Home or 
 scat of a family. [home. 
 Home'ward, adv. Toward 
 Hom'i-Qi'dal, a. Pertaining 
 
 to homicide ; murderous. 
 H6in'i-Qide, n. The killing 
 of one human being by an- 
 other, [ligious discourse. 
 H6in'i-ly, n. A familiar re- 
 H6m'i-ny, n. Food of maize 
 
 broken coarse and boiled. 
 H6m'mock, n. A small de- 
 tached hill. 
 Ho/mo-ge'ne-al, 1 a. Of 
 Ho-mo-^e'ne-oiis, ) the 
 
 same kind throughout. 
 Hone, n. A whetstone for 
 I sharpening. — v. t. To 
 
 sharpen on a hone. 
 . HSn'est (oncost), a. Upright 
 in dealing ; just ; sincere. 
 
 H6n'est-ly (on^est-), adv. Up- 
 rightly, [tice ; truth. 
 H6n'est-y (on^'est-), n. Jus- 
 Hon'ey, n. Sweet juice col- 
 lected by bees from flowers. 
 Hon'ey-comb (-kom), n. 
 
 Cells of wax to hold honey. 
 Hon'eyed (14), a. Covered 
 
 with honey ; sweet. 
 Hon'ey-mobn, n. First 
 
 month after marriage. 
 Hon'ey-suck^le, M. A sweet- 
 scented flowering plant. 
 Hon'or (on^ur, 83), n. Es- 
 teem paid to worth ; reputa- 
 tion. — v.t. To esteem; to 
 exalt ; to accept and pay. 
 H6n'or-a-ble (ou/ur-), a. 
 Worthy of honor ; actuated 
 by noble motives. 
 H6n'or-a-bly (6n/ur-), adv. 
 
 With honor, [ferring honor. 
 H6n'or-a-ry (6n/ur-),a. Con- 
 Hdbd, n. A covering for the 
 head. — v. t. To furnish with 
 a hood; to hide. ^[cover. 
 Hdt)d'wink,r. t. Toblind ; to 
 Hoof, n. ~ The horny part of 
 
 a beast's foot. 
 Hook, n. A bent piece of 
 iron. — V. t. To catch or 
 fasten with a hook. 
 Hdbk'ed {or ho'okt), a. Hav- 
 ing the form of a hook. 
 Hoop, or Ildcp, 71. A band 
 of "wood or iron for a cask. 
 
 — V. t. To fasten with 
 hoops. [whoop. 
 
 Kdbp, v. i. To cry out; to 
 H6bp'ing-€0Ugh (-kawf ), n. 
 
 A convulsive cough. 
 Hoot, n. A shout of contempt. 
 
 — V. i. To cry as an owl. 
 H6p (7), V. I. To jump on 
 
 one leg. — n. A leap on one 
 leg ; a dance; a plant. 
 Hope, n. Desire of good joined 
 with expectation. — v. To 
 desire with expectation. 
 Hope'ful, a. Full of hope. 
 Hope'less, a. Destitute of 
 I hope. — Syn. Despairing; 
 
 desponding ; desperate. 
 * Hop'per, n. Part of a mill. 
 ) H6p'ple, V. t. To tie the 
 
 feet of loo^x'ly together, 
 b H5rde,n. A wandering tribe 
 or troop. 
 
 ^ . ^' y» ^^^^ ' ^' ^' ^' ^' ^» '^'"''^ ' car,aflk, aU, wh^t ; Gre, veil, term ; pVquo, ilrm ; 
 
HORIZON 
 
 Ho-ri'zon,n. Apparent junc- 
 tion of earth and sky. 
 
 Hor^i-zon'tal, a. Parallel to 
 the horizon ; level. 
 
 Horn, n. The hard pointed 
 growth on an animal's 
 head ; a wind instrument. 
 
 Horn'-bdbk, n. A primer. 
 
 Horn'pipe, n. A tune; a 
 dance. [horn. 
 
 Horn'y, a. Made of, or like, 
 
 Ilo-rdg'ra-phy, n. Art of 
 constructing dials. 
 
 Ho-r61'o-gy , n. Art of meas- 
 uring time. 
 
 H5r'o-S€ope, w. Aspect of 
 planets at the hour of birth. 
 
 H6r'ri-ble, a. Exciting hor- 
 ror ; frightful; awful. 
 
 H6r'ri-bly, adv. Frightfully. 
 
 Hor'rid, a. Dreadful; hide- 
 ous ; horrible. 
 
 H6r'rid-ly, adv. Shockingly. 
 
 Hor-rif'i€, a. Causing horrorkl/ ] 
 
 H6r'ror, n. A shuddering]^ 
 with fear ; terror. 
 
 Horse, n. A well-known 
 quadruped ; cavalry ; a 
 wooden frame. [horse. 
 
 H6rse'bS,ck, n. Back of a 
 
 Horse'-chest-nut (-ches/-), 
 n. A shade-tree and its fruit. 
 
 Horse '-guardg, n. pi. Cav 
 airy for guards. 
 
 H6rse'-j6ck''ey, n. One who 
 makes a practice of buying 
 and selling horses. 
 
 Horse'-laugh (-laf), n. A 
 loud, coarse laugh. 
 
 Horse'-lit'ter, n. A carriage 
 on poles borne between 
 horses. [skilled in riding. 
 
 Horse'man (21), n. One 
 
 Horse'man-ship, n. Art of 
 riding and training horses. 
 
 Horse'-play, n. Rude play. 
 
 Horse'-pow'er, n. Power of 
 a horse or its equivalent ; 
 83,000 pounds raised one 
 foot in a minute. [horses. 
 
 Horse'-rage, n. A race by 
 
 H6rse'-r5,d'ish, n. A vege- 
 table having a very pungent 
 root, used as a condiment. 
 
 Horse'shoe (-shoo), n. An 
 iron shoe for a horse. 
 
 Horse'whip, n. A whip to 
 drive horses. — v. t. To lash. 
 
 133 
 
 Hor'ta-tive, \ a. Giving ad- 
 H6r'ta-to-ry, ) monition. 
 H6r/ti-eult'ur-al,a. Pertain- 
 ing to horticulture. 
 H6r'ti-€ulVure,«. Culture 
 
 of a garden. 
 H6r'ti-€ult'ur-ist, n. One 
 
 skilled in gardening. 
 Ho-gan'na, n. Praise to God. 
 Ho§e, «.(;?/. Hose, 24.) Stock- 
 ings ; coverings for the legs ; 
 flexible pipe to convey water. 
 H5'§ier (ho'zher), n. One who 
 
 deals in stockings. 
 Ho'§ier-y (ho^zher-y), n. 
 
 Stockings, socks, &c. 
 H6s'pi-ta-ble, a. Kind to 
 strangers or guests. — Syn. 
 Generous ; liberal ; free- 
 hearted, [pi table manner. 
 H6s'pi-ta-bly, adv. In ahos- 
 H6s'pi-tal, n. A building for 
 
 the t>ick or insane. 
 H6s''pi-tal'i-ty,n. Entertain- 
 ment of strangers and 
 guests. 
 
 Host, n. One who entertains 
 a stranger ; an army ; sacri- 
 fice of the mass. 
 Hds'tage, n. A person given 
 as a pledge for the perform- 
 ance of certain conditions. 
 Host'ess, n. A female host ; 
 
 a landlady. [posite. 
 H6s'tile,a. Unfriendly ; op- 
 Hos-til'i-ty, n. Enmity of a 
 
 public foe. 
 HSst'ler (hostler or ostler), n. 
 One who has the care of 
 horses. [fiery. 
 H6t, a. Having heat ; eager ; 
 H6t'-bed, n. A garden bed 
 covered with glass. [ers. 
 Ho-teP, n. An inn for travel- 
 Hot'-head^ed, a. Of ardent 
 
 passions. 
 H6t '-house, n. A house kept 
 warm to shelter plants, [ly. 
 H6t'ly, adv. Violently ; keen- 
 H6t'-pr6ss, V. t. To press 
 between hot plates, so as to 
 make smooth and glossy. 
 Hough (hSk), n. The ham. 
 Hound, n. A dog for hunting. 
 Hour (our), n. Twenty-fourth 
 of a day ; a particular time. 
 Hour '-glass (our^-), n. A 
 glass to show time. 
 
 HUG 
 
 HoTir'-hand (our/-), n. The 
 hand of a clock or watch. 
 
 Hour'ly (our/-), a. Done 
 every hour ; frequent. — 
 adv. Every hour. 
 
 House, n. A place of abode ; 
 a family ; a branch of the 
 legislature ; a quorum. 
 
 Hou§e (houz), V. t. To put 
 under shelter ; to harbor. 
 
 House'-break'er, n. One 
 who breaks into a house. 
 
 House'hold, n. A family liv- 
 ing together, [keeps house. 
 
 House'hold-er, n. On: who 
 
 House'keep-er, n. One who 
 occupies a house. 
 
 House'keep-ing, n. Care of 
 domestic concerns. 
 
 House 'maid, n. A female 
 servant. 
 
 House'wife (or huz^wif ), n. 
 Mistress of a family ; female 
 economist. 
 
 House'wife-ry (htlz'wif-r^), 
 n. Female management of 
 domestic concerns. 
 
 Houg'ing, n. A shelter ; a 
 saddle-cloth. 
 
 H6v'el, n. A shed ; a cottage. 
 
 Hov'er (8), v. i. To flap the 
 wings ; to move to and fra 
 near. [for what reason. 
 
 How, adv. In what manner ; 
 
 How-be 'it, adv. Nevertheless. 
 
 How-ev'er, adv. Neverthe- 
 less ; still ; though ; yet. 
 
 How'itz-er(-its-), A kind of 
 mortar or cannon. 
 
 Howl, r. i. To cry as a dog 
 or wolf. — n. The cry of a 
 dog or wolf. [owlet. 
 
 Howl'et, n. An owl ; an 
 
 Hoy (18), w. A small coast- 
 ing vessel. 
 
 Hub. n. The nave of a wheel. 
 
 Hub'bub, n. Uproar ; tu- 
 mult, [small articles. 
 
 Huck'ster, n. A retailer of 
 
 Hud'dle, V. i. or t. To crowd 
 together. — n. A crowd 
 without order : confusion. 
 
 Hue, M. Color ; dye ; a clamor. 
 
 Huff(l), n. A swell of anger. 
 — V. t. or i. To bluster. 
 
 Huffy, a. Swelled : arrogant. 
 
 Hug, V. t. To embrace close- 
 ly. — n. A close embrace. 
 
 86n, or, do, WQlf, tob, t(?bk ; Dm, rije, pnll ; f , ^, soft; g, hard; ag ; epst ; q as ng ; ttiis. 
 
HUGE 
 
 134 
 
 HYENA 
 
 Huge, a. Bulky ; vast. 
 
 Huge'ly, adv. Immensely. 
 
 Hulk, n. Body of an old ship. 
 
 Hull (1), n. The outer cover- 
 ing of a nut, or of grain ; 
 frame of a ship. — v. t. To 
 strip off the hulls of; to 
 pierce the hull of. 
 
 Hum, V. i. or t. To sing low ; to 
 buzz. — n . A buzzing sound. 
 
 Hu'man, a. Belonging to 
 mankind. [kind. 
 
 Hu-mane', a. Benevolent ; 
 
 Hu-man'i-ty, n. The nature 
 of man ; kind disposition. 
 
 Hu'man-Ize, r. To render 
 humane. [man race. 
 
 Hu'man-kmd, n. The hu- 
 
 Hu'man-ly, adv. After the 
 manner of men. 
 
 Hum'ble, a. Low in feelings 
 or condition. — Syn. Low- 
 ly ; modest; meek. — v. t. 
 To make humble ; to bring 
 low. [manner. 
 
 Hum'bly, adv. In a humble 
 
 Hum'bug, n. An imposition ; 
 a hoax. — v. t. To impose 
 upon ; to hoax. 
 
 Hum'drum, n. A stupid fel- 
 low. — a. Dull; stupid. 
 
 Hu'mid, rt. Moist; damp. 
 
 Hu-mid'i-ty, I n. Moisture ; 
 
 Hu'mid-ness, ) dampness. 
 
 Hu-mil'i-ate, v.t. To hum- 
 ble ; to depress ; to abase. 
 
 Hu-miPi-a'tion, n. Act of 
 humbling ; state of being 
 humbled. [mind. 
 
 Hu-mil'i-ty, n. Lowliness of 
 
 Hum'ming-bird, n. A very 
 small bird. 
 
 Hu'mor (or yij/mur, 33), n. 
 Moisture ; any animal fluid ; 
 temper; disposition ; a deli- 
 cate kind of wit : pleasantry. 
 — V. t. To gratify ; to in- 
 dulge by compliance. 
 Hu'mor-ist (or yij/mur-), n. 
 
 A wag ; a droll. 
 Hu'mor-o<i8 (or yij/mur-), a. 
 
 Jocular ; waggish ; pleasant. 
 Hu'mor-oiis-ly (or yjj/mur-), 
 
 adv. With pleasantry. 
 Hu'mor-s6me (or yij/mur-), 
 
 a. Influenced by humor. 
 Hiimp, n. A swelling, as of 
 flesh ; protuberance. 
 
 Hump'back, n. A person 
 
 with a crooked back. 
 Hunch, w. A protuberance. 
 
 — V. t. To push with the 
 elbow ; to crook the back. 
 
 Hun'dred, a Ten times ten. 
 
 — n. The sum of ten times 
 ten. [of a hundred. 
 
 Hun'dredth, a. The ordinal 
 Hung, imp. & p. p. from 
 Hang. 
 
 Hun'ger (hSng^ger), n. Gray- 
 ing appetite. 
 
 Hun'gered, a. Hungry. 
 
 Hun'gry, a. Feeling distress 
 from want of food. 
 
 Hunks, n. A miser. 
 
 Hunt, V. t. To chase, as 
 game. — v. i. To go in pur- 
 suit of game. — n. Chase of 
 game ; pursuit ; pack of 
 hounds. 
 
 Hunt'er, n. One who hunts. 
 
 Hunt'ress, n. A female hunt- 
 er, [who hunts. 
 
 Hunts'man (21), n. A man 
 
 Hur'dle, n. A texture of 
 twigs ; a crate ; a sledge. 
 
 Hurl, v.t. To throw with 
 violence. — n. Act of throw- 
 ing with violence. 
 
 Hur-ra', \ interj. of joy or 
 
 Hiir-rah', ) triumph. 
 
 Hur'ri-cane, n. A violent 
 storm or tempest. 
 
 Hur'ry, v. To hasten. — n. 
 Great haste. 
 
 Hurt, n. Whatever injures or 
 harms. — Syn. Wound ; 
 injury ; harm ; damage. — 
 V. t. [imp. & p. p. HURT.] 
 To injure ; to harm. 
 
 Hiirt'ful, a. Injurious. 
 
 Hu§'band, n. A man mar- 
 ried to a woman. — v.t. To 
 manage frugally. [farmer. 
 
 Hus'band-man (21), n. A 
 
 Hu§'band-ry, n. Tillage ; 
 domestic economy. 
 
 Hush, a. Still ; silent ; calm ; 
 — V. t. To silence ; to quiet. 
 
 Hush'-m6n/ey (-mun'J^), n. 
 A bribe to secrecy. 
 
 Hiisk, n. The covering of 
 certain fruits. — v. t. To 
 strip the husks from. 
 
 Husk'i-ness, n. Dryness ; 
 harshness. 
 
 Husk'y, a. Abounding with 
 husks ; harsh ; hoarse. 
 
 Hus-§ar' (hcToz-zar''), n. A 
 mounted soldier. [an. 
 
 Hu§'§y, n. A worthless wom- 
 
 Hiis 'tings, n. pi. A place 
 where the election of a mem- 
 ber of parliament is held. 
 
 Hus'tle (hus/sl), V. i. T« 
 shake together in confusion. 
 
 Hut, n. A poor cottage or 
 mean abode. 
 
 Huz-za', inter j. expressing 
 joy or exultation. — n. A 
 shout of joy. — V. i. (15) 
 To shout in joy. [plant. 
 
 Hy'a-Qinth, n. A flowering 
 
 Hy'brid, or Hyb'rid, n. A 
 mongrel. — a. Produced by 
 the mixture of two species ; 
 mongrel. 
 
 Hy'dra (18), n. A fabulous 
 monster with many heads. 
 
 Hy'drant, n. A pipe to dis- 
 charge water from an aque- 
 duct, [hydraulics. 
 
 Hy-draul'i€, a. Relating to 
 
 Hy-draul'i«s, n. sing. The 
 science which treat s of fluids 
 in motion. 
 
 Hy'dro-gen, n. An inflam- 
 mable gas which is one of 
 the elements of water. 
 
 Hy-dr6g'ra-phy, n. Descrip- 
 tion and representation by 
 charts, of seas, rivers, &c. 
 
 Hy'dro-m61, n. A liquor 
 made of honey and water. 
 
 Hy-dr6m'e-try, n. Art of 
 measuring the density of 
 fluids. [cure. 
 
 Hy-dr6p'a-thy , n. The water- 
 Hy'dro-pho'bi-a, n. Dread 
 
 of water ; canine madness. 
 Hy-dr6p'i€-al, a. Dropsical. 
 Hy/dro-st5-t'i€, ) a. Re. 
 Hy/dro-stat'i€-al, ) latiug 
 
 to hydrostatics. 
 'Ry^dro-stkVi'CS, n. sing. The 
 science which treats of the 
 properties of fluids at rest. 
 Hy-e'na, n. 
 
 Hyena. 
 
 a, g, 1, 6, u, y, long; a, 6, i, 6, tt, short ; care, car, ask, ftU, wh^t ; Ore, vgil, t5rni ; pique, firm ; 
 
HYGIENE 
 
 135 
 
 IDIOSYNCRASY 
 
 Hy'gi-ene', n. Science that 
 treats of the preservation of 
 health. 
 
 Hy'men, n. The god of mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Hy/men-e'al, \a. Relating 
 Hy/men-e'an, ) to marriage. 
 Hymn (him), n. A song of 
 
 praise. — v. t. To praise in 
 
 Fongs. 
 Hy-per'bo-la, n. A 
 
 curve formed by a 
 
 certain section of a 
 
 cone. 
 
 Hy-per'bo-le, n. Ex- 
 aggeration. — 
 
 Hy'per-b61'i€-al, a. Hv per- 
 Exaggeratiug or ex- 
 tenuating. [ern. 
 
 Hy'per-bo're-an, a. North- 
 
 Hy'per-€rit'i€, n. A critic 
 exact beyond reason. 
 
 Hy/per-erit'i«-al, a. Critical 
 beyond use or reason. 
 
 Hy/per-crit'i-Qi§m, n. Ex- 
 cessive rigor of criticism. 
 
 Hy'phen,n. The mark(-) used 
 to join syllables or the parts 
 of some compound words. 
 
 Hyp'o-€h6n'dri-a,n. Gloomy 
 depression of spirits. 
 
 Hyp'o-€h6n'dri-a€, n. One 
 affected with low spirits. 
 
 Hyp^o-€hon-dri'a€-al, a. 
 Melancholy ; dejected. 
 
 Hy-p6€'ri-sy, n. Dissimula- 
 tion ; insincerity. 
 
 Hyp'o-erite, n. A dissembler. 
 
 Hyp^o-erit'i-e-al,a. Insincere. 
 
 Hy'po-st3,t'i€ {or hTp^o-), a. 
 Elementary ; distinctly per- 
 sonal. 
 
 Hy-p6t'e-nuse, or 
 Hy-p6t'e-nuse, 
 n. Longest side 
 of a right angled 1^ 
 triangle. ^ ft, Hy- 
 
 Hy-p6th'e-eate, potenuse. 
 
 or Hy-p6th'e-eate, v. t. To 
 pledge for the security of a 
 creditor. 
 
 Hy-p6th^e-€a'tion, or Hj^- 
 p6th'e-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 pledging as security. 
 
 Hy-p6th'e-sis, or Hy-p6th'- 
 e-sis {pL Hy-p6th'e-§e§, 
 hi- or hi-), n. Supposition. 
 
 Hy/po-thet'i€-al (or hip/o-), 
 a. Supposed. 
 
 Hy'po-thet'i€-al-ly {or h?p/- 
 o-T, adv. Upon supposition. 
 
 Hy'son (hi''sn),n. A fragrant 
 species of green tea. 
 
 Hys'sop (his^sup or hFzup), 
 n. An aromatic plant. 
 
 Hys-t6r'i€, I a. Pertain- 
 
 Hys-t6r'i€-al, ) ing to hys- 
 teria ; convulsive; fitful. 
 
 Hys-t§r'i€S, \n. A nervous 
 
 Hys-te'ri-a, ) affection char- 
 acterized by alternate laugh- 
 ing and crying. 
 
 I. 
 
 "T pron. of the first person ; 
 I , one's self. 
 
 !C§im'bus, n. A poetic foot 
 consisting of a long and a 
 short or an accented and 
 an unaccented syllable. 
 
 I'bex(18), ai. A 
 kind of goat 
 found in the 
 mountainous 
 parts of Eu- 
 rope. 
 
 I'bis, n. A 
 wading bird 
 formerly rev- 
 erenced in Egypt. 
 
 Ige, n. AV^ater congealed to 
 hardness ; concreted sugar. 
 — V, t. To cover with ice 
 or concreted sugar. 
 
 Ige'berg, n. A mountain of 
 floating ice. 
 
 Ige'— cream, n. Cream or 
 
 _ custard flavored and frozen. 
 
 Ige'-house, n. A place for 
 keeping ice. 
 
 Ibex. 
 
 l€h-neu'mon, n. A small 
 animal in Egypt which de- 
 stroys eggs. 
 
 l€h-n6g'ra-phy, n. Hori- 
 zontal section of an object. 
 
 I'€h6r (i^kor), n. A thin 
 watery humor. 
 
 l€hahy-61'o-gy, n. The sci- 
 
 _ ence of fishes. 
 
 I'Qi-ele (T^sl-kl), n. A pend- 
 ent mass of ice. [being icy. 
 
 Pgi-ness (13), n. State of 
 
 I-€6n'o-elast, n. A breaker 
 or destroyer of images. 
 
 r-eon-6g'ra-phy, n. Descrip- 
 tion of ancient statues. 
 
 I'gy, a. Abounding with, or 
 resembling, ice. 
 
 I-de'a (18), M. Mental image ; 
 conception; thought ; no- 
 tion. 
 
 I-de'al, a. Existing in idea 
 or in fancy. — Syn. Tision- 
 ary ; fanciful ; in^aginary. 
 — n. Conception of a thing 
 in its most perfect state. 
 
 I-de'al-i§m, n. The doctrine 
 _ of ideal existence. 
 Fde-Sl'l-ty, n. A lively imagi- 
 nation united to a love of 
 the beautiful. 
 I-den'ti€-al, a. Precisely the 
 _ same. [identical manner. 
 I-den'ti€-al-ly, adv. In an 
 I-d6n^ti-fi-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 proving to be the same. 
 I-den'ti-fy, v. t. To prove to 
 _ be the same. 
 I-den'ti-ty, n. Sameness. 
 Ide§, n. The 15th day of 
 March, May, July, and Oc- 
 tober, and the ISth of the 
 other months. 
 Id'i-o-gy, n. Deficiency of 
 understanding ; imbecility. 
 Id'i-om, n. An expression 
 
 peculiar to a language. 
 Id'i-om-at'i€, a. Peculiar to 
 
 a language. 
 Idd-o-syn'-era-sy, n. A pe- 
 culiarity of bodily or mental 
 constitution. 
 
 Bon, or, dQ, w^lf, too, t<rok ; dm, rye, p\ill ; 9, 5, soft; -e, g, hard; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
IDIOT 
 
 136 
 
 IMMEASURABLE 
 
 id'i-ot, n. A natural fool. 
 Id^i-6t'i€, a. Like an idiot. 
 I'dle, a. Not occupied ; tri- 
 _ fling. — o. t. To spend idly. 
 I'dle-ness, n. Inaction. 
 I'dler, n. One who idles. 
 I'dly, adv. Sluggishly ; vain- 
 _ ly ; lazily ; carelessly. 
 I'dol, n. An image worshiped. 
 I-d61'a-ter, n. A worshiper 
 _ of idols ; a pagan. 
 I-dol'a-tress, n. A female 
 _ idolater. [idolatry. 
 I-dol'a-trous, a. Given to 
 
 I- dol'a-try, n. Worship of 
 idols ; excessive attachment. 
 
 I'dol-ize, V. t. To love to 
 
 _ excess or^adoration. 
 
 I'dyl, or Id'yl, n. A short 
 
 pastoral poem, 
 if (1), f. (commonly called a 
 conj.) Grant; allow; sup- 
 pose ; admit. [fire, 
 fg'ne-ous, a. Consisting of 
 Ig/nis-Fat'u-us, n. A kind 
 
 of meteor in the night. 
 Ig-nlte', V. t. or i. To kindle. 
 Ig-m'tion (-nish^un), n. The 
 
 act of taking -fire. 
 Ig-no'ble, a. Of low birth ; 
 
 not honorable ; base ; mean. 
 Ig^no-mm'i-ous, a. Very 
 
 shameful ; dishonorable, 
 ig'no-min-y, n. Public dis- 
 grace ; infamy. 
 Ig/no-ra'mus,n. An ignorant 
 
 person ; a blockhead. 
 Ig'no-range, n. Want of 
 knowledge. [knowledge, 
 g'no-rant, a. Wanting 
 g'no-rant-ly, adv. Without 
 knowledge. 
 Ig-n5re', v. t. To declare ig- 
 norance of ; to refuse to 
 take notice of. 
 in (1), a. Bad; sick; indis- 
 posed. — n. Evil; harm; 
 wickedness ; misfortune. — 
 adv. Not well ; amiss. 
 1-la'tion, n. An inference. 
 I'la-tive, a. Capable of being 
 inferred. 
 Ill'-brSd, a. Not well-bred ; 
 impolite. 
 
 II- le'gal, a. Contrary to law ; 
 unlawful. [ness. 
 
 iFle-g3,l'i-ty, n. Unlawful- 
 Il-le'gal-lyi adv. Unlawfully. 
 
 H-le^'i-ble, a. Incapable of 
 being read. [be read. 
 
 Il-leg'i-bly, adv. So as not to 
 IPle-git'i-ma-gy, n. Bas- 
 tardy. 
 
 IFle-git'l-mate, a. Born out 
 of wedlock ; not genuine. 
 
 ni-fa'vored, a. Ill-looking; 
 ugly ; honiely. 
 
 Il-lib'er-al, a. Not gener- 
 ous ; mean ; not candid. 
 
 Il-lib''er-al'i-ty, n. Narrow- 
 ness of mind ; parsimony. 
 
 Il-lig'it, a. Unlawful. 
 
 Il-lim'it-a-ble, a. Incapable 
 of being bounded or limited. 
 
 Il-lit'er-ate, a. Unlearned. 
 
 Il-lit'er-a-gy, n. Ignorance. 
 
 lll'-nat/ure, n. Habitual 
 badness of temper. 
 
 ill'-nat''ur(3d, a. Cross ; peev- 
 ish. 
 
 Ill'ness, n. Indisposition ; 
 sickness ; wickedness. 
 
 Il-16g'i-e-al, a. Not accord- 
 ing to logic. 
 
 ill-starred', a. Fated to be 
 unfortunate. [ceive. 
 
 Il-lude', V. t. To mock or de- 
 
 Il-liime', ) v. t. To enlight- 
 
 Il-lu'mine, I en; to adorn. 
 
 Xl-lu'mi-nate, v. t. To en- 
 lighten ; to illustrate. 
 
 Il-iu^mi-na'tion, n. Act of 
 enlightening ; display of 
 light for festive occasiotis. 
 
 H-lu'gion, n. An unreal im- 
 age ; false show ; error. 
 
 H-lu'sive, ) a. Deceiving by 
 
 Il-lu'so-ry, ] false show. 
 
 Il-lus'trate, t'. To explain; 
 to make clear. 
 
 iPlus-tra'tion, n. Explana- 
 tion, [explain. 
 
 Il-lus'tra-tive, a. Tending to 
 
 Il-lus'tri-ous, a. Distin- 
 guished for greatness or 
 splendor. — Syn. Eminent; 
 conspicuous ; celebrated. 
 
 ilP-wilP, n. Hostile feeling. 
 
 im'age, n. A likeness ; 
 statue ; idol ; idea. — v. t. 
 To form a likeness in idea. 
 
 im'age-ry,n. Lively descrip- 
 tion ; figures of speech. 
 
 Im-^g'i-na-ble, a. Possible 
 to be conceived. 
 
 Im-ag'i-na-ry, a. Fancied; 
 
 existing only in imagina- 
 tion ; visionary ; unreal. 
 
 Im-ag^i-na'tion, n. Faculty 
 of forming mental images; 
 conception ; idea. 
 
 Im-ag'i-n active, a. Gifted 
 with, or pertaining to, im- 
 agination, [conceive. 
 
 Im-ag'ine, v. To think ; to 
 
 Im-bank', v. t. To inclose or 
 defend with a bank. 
 
 Im-bank'ment, n. Act of 
 imbanking. [or body. 
 
 im'be-Qile, a. Weak in mind 
 
 im^be-gil'i-ty, n. Impoten- 
 cy ; feebleness. 
 
 Im-bed', v. t. To sink or 
 cover, as in a bed. 
 
 Im-blbe', v. t. To drink in. 
 
 Im-bit'ter, v. t. To make 
 bitter. 
 
 Im-bos'om, v. t. To em- 
 brace or hold in the bosom. 
 
 Im'bri-eate, I a. Laid one 
 
 im'bri-€a'ted, j over an- 
 other, as tiles. 
 
 im/bri-€a'tion, n. An over- 
 lapping like that of tiles. 
 
 Im-brue', v. t. To steep ; to 
 wet. 
 
 Im-brute', v. To degrade or 
 sink to brutality. [deeply. 
 
 Im-bue', V. t. To tincture 
 
 im'i-tate, 1'. To follow as a 
 pattern or model ; to copy. 
 
 im^i-ta'tion, n. Act of imi- ! 
 tating ; a copy. j 
 
 im'i-taaive, a. Tending to, 
 or aiming at, likeness. 
 
 iiti'l-ta'tor, n. One who imi- 
 tates. 
 
 Im-mac'u-late, a. Without 
 blemish ; morally spotless. 
 
 im'ma-nent, a. inherent. 
 
 im/ma-te'ri-al, a. Not con- 
 sisting of matter ; unimpor- 
 tant. 
 
 im/ma-te'r7-al-i§m, n. Doc- 
 trine of spiritual existence. 
 
 im^ma-te'ri-al ist, n. On© 
 who profosvses immateriality. 
 
 im'ma-te ri-ai'i~ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of being distinct from m 
 matter. [seasonable. ■ 
 
 im^ma-ture', a. Unripe; un-« 
 
 im'ma-cu'ri-ty, n. Uuripo-« 
 ness : incompleteness. ■ 
 
 Im-mea§'ur-a-ble ( -n«ezb'- ■ 
 
 a, 5, 1, 0, u, y, long; S, «, 6, tt, 
 
 L, y , short ; care, car, &8k, gll, wh*>t ; ere, vgU, tSna ; pique, firai 
 
IMMEASURABLY 
 
 137 
 
 IMPERVIOUS 
 
 ur-), a. Incapable of being 
 measured. 
 
 Im-meas'ur-a-bly ('-mezh'- 
 ur-), adv. Beyond all meas- 
 ure, [medium ; instant. 
 
 Im-me'di-ate, a. Without a 
 
 Im-me'di-ate-ly, adv. With- 
 out dela,y. [be cured. 
 
 Im-med'i-ea-ble, a. Not to 
 
 im/me-mo'ri-al, a. The ori- 
 gin of which is beyond 
 memory. 
 
 Im-mense', a. Vast in ex- 
 tent ; without known limit. 
 
 Im-mense'ly, adv. Vastly. 
 
 Im-men'si-ty, n. Unlimited 
 extension ; vastness. 
 
 Im-merge', V. To immerse. 
 
 Im-merse', r. t. To put into 
 a lluid ; to engage deeply. 
 
 Im-mer'sion, n. The act of 
 immersing, or state of being 
 immersed. [no method. 
 
 |m/me-th6d'i€-al, a. Having 
 
 Im'mi-grant, n. One who 
 immigrates. 
 
 Im'mi-grate, v. i. To re- 
 move into a country for resi- 
 dence, [into a country. 
 
 Im/mi-gra'tion, n. Removal 
 
 im'mi-nent, a. Impending. 
 
 Im-mis'sion (-mish'un), n. 
 Act of sending in. 
 
 Im^mo-biPi-ty, n. Resist- 
 ance to motion. 
 
 Im-m6d'er-ate,a. Excessive. 
 
 Im-mod'er-ate-ly, adv. In 
 an excessive degree. 
 
 Im-m6d'est, a. Unchaste; 
 impudent. 
 
 Im-m6d'est-ly, adv. With- 
 out reserve. [modest}^ 
 
 Im-mod'est-y, n. Want of 
 
 Im'mo-late, v. t. To sacri- 
 fice. 
 
 Im/mo-la'tion, n. Sacrifice. 
 
 Im,-in6r'al, a, Evil; wicked. 
 
 Im/mo-ral'i-ty, n. Any act 
 that is contrary to the di- 
 vine law. 
 
 Im-m6r'al-ly,a(^r. Viciously. 
 
 Im-ra6r'tal,a. Never dying. 
 
 Im'mor-tal'i-ty, n. Immor- 
 tal existence. 
 
 Im-ni6r'tal-ize,r. t. To make 
 immortal. 
 
 Im-mpv'a-ble (-mobv^a-bl), 
 a. Incapable of being moved. 
 
 Im-mov'a-bly, adv. With 
 firmness. [privilege. 
 
 Im-mu'ni-ty, n. Peculiar 
 
 Im-mure', v. t. To inclose 
 within walls. 
 
 Iin-mu''ta-bil'i-ty, n. Un- 
 changeableness. 
 
 Im-mu'ta-ble, «. Incapable 
 of being changed ; invaria- 
 ble, [changeably. 
 
 Im-mu'ta-bly, adv. Un- 
 
 Imp, n. A young or inferior 
 devil. [communicated. 
 
 im'pact, n. Collision ; force 
 
 Im-pair', v.t. To make worse ; 
 to injure ; to weaken, [stake. 
 
 Im-pale', v. t. To fix on a 
 
 Im-pal'pa-ble, a. Incapable 
 of being felt. 
 
 Im-pan'el, v. t. To form or 
 enroll, as a jury. 
 
 Im-part', v.t. To grant ; to 
 bestow on ; to make known. 
 
 Im-par'tial , a. Free from 
 bias. — Syn. Unprejudiced ; 
 
 ^ just ; equitable. 
 
 im'par-ti-al'i-ty (-shi-ai/- or 
 -shiil/-), n. Freedom from 
 bias ; justice. [bly. 
 
 Im-par'tial-ly,a</t'. Equita- 
 
 Im-pass'a-ble, a. Not to be 
 passed. 
 
 Im-pas/si-bil'i-ty, n. Ex- 
 emption from suffering or 
 pain. 
 
 Im-pas'si-ble, a. Incapable 
 
 of passion or pain. 
 Im-pas'sion (-push/un), v. t. 
 
 To affect with passion. 
 Im-pas'sive, a. Exempt from 
 
 suffering or pain. 
 Im-pa'tienge , n . Uneasiness 
 
 under suffering, delay, &c. ; 
 
 restlessness. 
 Im-pa'tient (-pa'shent), a. 
 
 Uneasy ; not quiet. 
 Im-pa'tient-ly, adv. With 
 
 uneasiness. 
 Im-peach', v. t. To accuse 
 
 by a public body ; to bring 
 
 into question. 
 Im-peach'a-ble, a. Liable 
 
 to inipeachment. 
 Im-peach'ment. n. Accusa- 
 tion by authority. 
 Im-pe-e''-ea-bil'i-ty, n. The 
 
 quality of not being liable 
 
 to sin. 
 
 Im-pe€'€a-ble, a. Not liable 
 to sin. 
 
 Im-pede', v. t. To hinder; 
 
 to obstruct. [tion. 
 Im-ped'i-ment, n. Obstruc- 
 Im-pel' (7), f. To urge for- 
 ward. 
 
 Im-pel'lent, n. A power that 
 drives. — a. Urging. 
 
 Im-pend', v. i. To hang over. 
 
 Im-pend'enge, ) n. A hang- 
 
 Im-pend'en-gy, ) ing over. 
 
 Im-p6nd'ing, a. Hanging 
 over ; imminent. 
 
 Im-pen'e-tra-bil'i-ty, n. 
 Quality of not being pene- 
 trable. 
 
 Im-pen'e-tra-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable of being penetrated. 
 
 Im-pen'i-tenge, n. Obdu- 
 racy ; hardness of heart. 
 
 Im-pen'i-tent, a. Not repent- 
 ing of sin. 
 
 Im-per'a-tive, a. Expressive 
 of command. 
 
 Im-per'a-tive-ly, adv. With 
 command. [be perceived. 
 
 Im-per-gept'i-ble, a. Not to 
 
 Im-per'fe€t, a. Not perfect ; 
 having some defect. 
 
 im'per-fe€'tion, n. Defect ; 
 want ; blemish. [ly. 
 
 Im.-per'fe€t-ly, adv. Not ful- 
 
 Im-pe'ri-al, a. Belonging to 
 an empire or an emperor. 
 
 Im-per'il (8), v. t. To en- 
 danger, [ing; arrogant. 
 
 Im-pe'ri-ous, a. Command- 
 
 Im-per'ish-a-ble, a. Not lia- 
 ble to perish. 
 
 Im-per/me-a-bil'i-ty, n. 
 Quality of not being perme- 
 able. 
 
 Im-per'me-a-ble, a. Incapa- 
 ble of being passed through. 
 
 Im-per'son-al, a. Not varied 
 according to the persons. 
 
 Im-per'son-ate, v.t. To per- 
 sonify, [vance ; rudeness. 
 
 Im-per'ti-nenge, n. Irrele- 
 
 Im-per'ti-nent, a. Irrele- 
 vant ; rude : uncivil. 
 
 Im-per'ti-nent-ly, adv. Offi- 
 ciously. 
 
 Im^per-tur'ba-ble, a. Not to 
 
 be disturbed. 
 Im-per'vi-ous, a. Not to be 
 
 penetrated. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, too, took •, iirn, rjje, pyU ; 9, soft ; g, hard; as ; exist ; ij as ng ; tliis. 
 
IMPETUOSITY 
 
 138 
 
 IMPUDENCE 
 
 Im-pet^u-Ss'i-ty, w. Violence; 
 vehemence. [passionate. 
 
 Jm-pet'u-ous, a. Vehement ; 
 
 Im'pe-tus, n. Force of mo- 
 tion ; momentum. 
 
 Im-pi'e-ty, ti. Ungodliness. 
 
 Im-pmge', v. t. To dash 
 ligainst. 
 
 im'pi-ous, a. Irreverent to- 
 ward God ; profane. 
 
 Im-pla^-ca-bii'i-ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of being implacable. 
 
 Iin-pla'€a-ble, a. Not to be 
 appeased ; inexorable ; unre- 
 lenting. 
 
 Iin-pla'€a-bly, adv. AVith un- 
 appeasable enmity, [infix. 
 
 Im-plant', v.t. To insert ; to 
 
 Im-plead', v. t. To sue at law. 
 
 Im'ple-ment, n. A tool or 
 instrument ; utensil. 
 
 Im'pli-€ate, v. t. To involve. 
 
 lm''pli-€a'tion, n. Act of in- 
 volving ; entanglement ; in- 
 ference. 
 
 im'pli-ea''tive, a. Tending 
 to implicate. [plied. 
 
 Im-pliQ'it, a. Tacitly im- 
 
 Im-pliQ'it-ly, adv. By infer- 
 ence ; unreservedly. 
 
 Im-plore', v.t. To call upon 
 in supplication ; to beseech. 
 
 Im-ply', V. t. To contain by 
 inference ; to include vir- 
 tually ; to signify ; to mean. 
 
 Im-p6i'i-gy, n. Inexpedience. 
 
 Im^'po-iite', a. Not having 
 politeness ; uncivil ; rude. 
 
 Im'po-lite'ness, n. Want of 
 mannei'S ; incivility. 
 
 Im-p61'i-ti€, a. Not wise. 
 
 Im-p6n'der-a-ble, 1 a. Ilav- 
 
 Iin-p6n'der-ous, ) ing no 
 sensible weight. 
 
 Iin-p5rt', V. t. To bring in 
 from abroad or from an- 
 other country. 
 
 Im'port, n. Thing imported ; 
 signification ; moment. 
 
 Im-p6rt'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being imported. 
 
 Im-por'tange, n. Weight ; 
 consequence, [momentous. 
 
 Jm-p6r'tant, a. Weighty ; 
 
 Im^por-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 importing ; commodities im- 
 ported, [urgent. 
 
 Im-p6rt'u-nate, a. Pressing ; 
 
 Im/por-tune', v. t. To urge. 
 
 im/por-tu'ni-ty,n. Urgency. 
 
 Im-po§e', V. t. To put or lay 
 on ; to deceive. 
 
 Im-pog'ing, p. a. Impress- 
 ive ; commanding. 
 
 im^po-si'tion (-zish^un), n. 
 Act of laying on ; deception. 
 
 Im-pds^si-bil'i-ty, n. That 
 which can not be. 
 
 Im-p6s'si-ble, a. Not to be 
 or to be done. 
 
 Im'post, n. Duty on 
 goods ; part of a pil- 
 lar on which the 
 weight of an arch or 
 building rests. 
 
 Im-p6st'hume,n. An 
 abscess. Impost. 
 
 Im-p6s'tor, n. A deceiver. 
 
 Im-p6st'ure, n. Deception. 
 
 Im'po-tenge, ( n. Weak- 
 
 im'po-ten-Qy, ) ness ; im- 
 becility. 
 
 Im'po-tent, a. Weak ; want- 
 ing competent power. 
 
 Im'po-tent-ly, adv. Weakly. 
 
 Im-pound', v. t. To confine 
 in a pound. [make poor. 
 
 Im-p6v'er-ish, v. t. To 
 
 Iin-p6v'er-ish-ment, n. Re- 
 duction to poverty j exhaust- 
 ion. 
 
 Iin-pr^<;/ti-€a-bil'i-ty, n. 
 State of being impractica- 
 ble. 
 
 Iin-prac'ti-€a-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable of being done ; impos- 
 sible. 
 
 Im'pre-eate, v.t. To invoke, 
 as evil, on any one. 
 
 im/pre-€a'tion, n. Invoca- 
 tion of evil. — Syn. Curse ; 
 execration ; anathema. 
 
 Im-preg'na-ble, a. Not to 
 be taken ; invincible. 
 
 Im-preg'nate, v. t. To make 
 pregnant; to infuse. 
 
 Im^preg-na'tion, w. The act 
 of impregnating. 
 
 Im^pre-s^ript'i-ble, a. Not 
 to be lost, impaired, or 
 alienated ; not depending on 
 external authority. 
 
 Im-press', v. t. To stamp ; 
 to print ; to force into ser- 
 vice, as seamen. 
 
 im'press, n. Mark ; stamp. 
 
 Im-press'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 receiving impression. 
 
 Im-pres'sion (-presh^un), n, 
 Stamp ; edition ; influence ; 
 effect. 
 
 Im-press'ive, a. Producing 
 
 eflect ; susceptible. 
 Im-press'ment, n. The act 
 
 of forcing men into service. 
 Im-pri'mis, adv. In the first 
 
 place. 
 
 Im-print', v. t. To mark by 
 pressure ; to fix deep. 
 
 Im'print, n. A publisher's 
 name with date and place of 
 publication. 
 
 Im-pri§'on (-priz/n), v. t To 
 put in a prison ; to confine. 
 
 Im-pris'on-ment, n. Con- 
 finement in a prison. 
 
 Im-prdb^a-bil'l-ty, n. Un- 
 likelihood. 
 
 Im-pr6b'a-ble, a. Not likely. 
 
 Im-pr6b'a-bly, adv. In a 
 manner not likely. 
 
 Im-prob'i-ty, n. Dishonesty. 
 
 Im-promp'tu, adv. Without 
 previous study ; off-hand. 
 
 Im-pr6p'er, a. Not proper; 
 unfit ; unsuitable. 
 
 Im-prdp'er-ly, adv. Unsuit- 
 ably ; not fitly. 
 
 im^pro-prPe-ty, n. Unfit- 
 ness ; unsuitableness to 
 time, place, or character. 
 
 Im-prpv'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being improved. 
 
 Im-prpve', v. t. To make 
 better ; to nse to advantage. 
 — V. i. To grow better. 
 
 Im-prpve'ment(10),M. Prog- 
 ress from good to better ; 
 instruction ; (pi.) valuable 
 additions. [foresight. 
 
 Iin-pr6v'i-denge, n. Want of 
 
 Im-prdv'i-dent, a. Not mak- 
 ing provision. 
 
 Im-pr6v/i-sa'tion, n. Ex- 
 temporaneous composition, 
 
 im'pro-vi§e', v. t. or i. To 
 compose extemporaneously. 
 
 Im-pru'denge, n. Want of 
 prudence ; rashness. 
 
 Im-pru'dent. a. Indiscreet. 
 
 Im-prii'dent-ly, adv. In- 
 discreetly. 
 
 Im'pu-denge, n. Effrontery ; 
 rudeness. 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long; 6, 1, 6, Q, y, short; cSre, car, &8k, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
IMPUDENT 
 
 139 
 
 INCISOR 
 
 Im'pu-dent, a. Wanting [ 
 modesty ; shamelessly bold. I 
 im'pu-dent-ly, adv. With 
 shameless elfrontery ; rude- j 
 ly. [contradict. 
 Im-pugn' (-pun/), v. t. To 
 Im'pulse, n. I'orce commu- 
 nicated ; influence. 
 Im-pul'sion,n. Act of impel- 
 ling ; force communicated. 
 Im-pul'sive , a. Communi- 
 i eating force ; acting from 
 ; impulse. 
 
 Im-pu'ni-ty, «. Exemption 
 
 from punishment. 
 Im-pure', a. Not pure ; foul ; 
 
 unholy ; unchaste ; lewd. 
 Im-pu'ri-ty, n. Foulness. 
 Im'pu-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 imputing; censure. 
 Im-pute', 1'. t. To charge 
 
 upon ; to attribute. 
 In, ^rej). Present ; within. — 
 
 adv. Within some place. 
 ln/a-bil'i-ty,n. Want of pow- 
 er, means, skill, &c. 
 ; In/a€-Qes/si-bil'i-ty , n . Qual- 
 
 ^ ity of being beyond reach, 
 i in'a^-QSss'i-ble, a. Not to be 
 reached. [accuracy. 
 I In-S,€'-r,u-ra-Qy, n. AVant of 
 ' In-^€'€U-rate, a. Erroneous. 
 ; In-a€'€u-rate-ly, adv. Not 
 correctly ; erroneously. 
 In-5,€'tion, n. Want of ac- 
 tion ; state of rest ; idleness. 
 [ In-a€t'jve, a. Unemployed ; 
 j idle ; sluggish ; lazy. 
 1 In''a€-tiv'i-ty, n. Want of 
 activity ; idleness, [ciency. 
 1 In-S-d'e-^gua-Qy, n. Insuffi- 
 In-M'e-quate, a. Not equal 
 I to the purpose. — Syn. Un- 
 j equal ; incompetent ; insuffi- 
 cient ; defective. 
 In^ad-mig'si-ble, a. Not 
 . ^ proper to be admitted, 
 i In'ad-vert'enQC, n. Negli- 
 . ^ gence ; oversight. 
 
 In/ad-vert'ent, a. Heedless. 
 I In/ad-vert'ent-ly, adu. With 
 j negligence. 
 
 j In-al'ien-a-ble, a. Incapable 
 ! of bein^ alienated. 
 In-ane', a. Void ; empty. 
 In-an'i-mate, a. Void of life. 
 In^a-ni'tion (-nish/un), n. 
 Want of fullness ; empti- 
 
 ness ; exhaustion from lack 
 of food. 
 
 In-an'i-ty, n. Emptiness. 
 
 In-ap'pli-€a-bil'i-ty, \ n. 
 
 In-ap'pli-ea-ble-ness, ) 
 Quality of not being appli- 
 cable. 
 
 In-ap'pli-ea-ble, a. Not suit- 
 able to be applied ; unfit. 
 
 In-ap'po-§ite, a. Not appo- 
 site. 
 
 In^ap-pre'^i-a-ble (-pr3/shT- 
 a ), a. Not to be estimated. 
 
 in/ap-pro'pri-ate, a. Unbe- 
 coming ; unsuitable. 
 
 In-apt', a. Not fitted. 
 
 In-3,pt'i-tude, n. Unfitness. 
 
 In-arch', v. t. To graft by 
 joining a scion to a stock 
 without separating it from 
 its parent tree. 
 
 in'ar-ti-e'u-late, a. Not ut- 
 tered with articulation. 
 
 In-ar'ti-fi'cial (-llsh/al), a. 
 Not done by art. 
 
 in/a§-much', adv. Seeing 
 that ; since. 
 
 In/at-tfin'tion, n. Neglect. 
 
 In''at-ten'tive, a. Heedless. 
 
 In-aud'i-ble, a. Incapable of 
 being heard ; making no 
 sound. [inauguration. 
 
 In-au'gu-ral, a. llelating to 
 
 In-au'gu-rate, v. t. To in- 
 duct into an office ; to cause 
 to begin ; to dedicate. 
 
 In-au^gu-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 inducting into office with 
 appropriate ceremonies. 
 
 in^au-spi'cious (-sp!sh/us), 
 a. Unfortunate ; unfavor- 
 ably. 
 
 In'born, a. Implanted by 
 nature ; innate. 
 
 In'bred, «. Bred within. 
 
 In-€age', V. t. To confine in 
 a ca'ge. [calculated. 
 
 In-eaF€vi-la-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 In/-eaj;i-des'genQe, n. A white 
 heat. [with heat. 
 
 Tn/€ai\-d6s'Qent, a. Glowing 
 
 in/€an-ta'tion, n. A magical 
 charm ; enchantment. 
 
 In-ca'pa-bil'i-ty, n. Inca- 
 pacity j want of qualifica- 
 tions, 
 
 In-ca'pa-ble, a. Wanting 
 power ; disqualified. 
 
 In'€a-paQ'i-tate, v. t. To de- 
 prive of power. 
 
 In/-ea-p3,g'i-ty, n. Want of 
 capacity ; inability. 
 
 In-ear'ger-ate, v. t. To im- 
 prison. 
 
 In-car^ger-a'tion, n. Im- 
 prisonment, [flesh. 
 In-€ar'natc, a. Clothed in 
 In^-car-na'ticn, n. Act of 
 clothing with flesh, [case. 
 In-€ase', v. t. To inclo.se in a 
 In-eau'tious, a. Unwary ; 
 
 heedless. [lessly. 
 In-cau'tious-ly, adv. Heed- 
 In-gen'di-a-ri§m, n. Crime 
 
 of house-burning. 
 In-gen'di-a-ry, n. One who 
 maliciously burns a house 
 or foments strife. 
 In'gense, n. Perfume ex- 
 haled by fire. 
 In-gense', v. t. To irritate. 
 In-g6n'tive, a. Inciting ; en- 
 couraging. — n. That which 
 encourages. 
 In-g6p'tion, n. A beginning. 
 In-gep'tive, a. Beginning. 
 In-ger'ti-tude, n. Uncertain- 
 ty ; doubtfulness. 
 I In-g§s'sant, a. Unceasing, 
 i In-ges'sant-ly, adv. With- 
 i ^ out intermission. 
 1 in'gest, n. Cohabitation of 
 j persons within the prohib- 
 I ited degrees of kindred. 
 In-g6st'u-ous, a. Consisting 
 
 in, or guilty of, incest. 
 Inch (18), n. Twelfth part of 
 
 a foot. 
 In'€ho-ate, a. Begun. 
 In'gi-denge, n. The direction 
 in which a ray of light falls 
 on any surface, 
 in'gi-dent, a. Falling on ; 
 casual; liable to happen. — 
 n. That which happens, 
 in^gi-dent'al, a. Happening 
 occasionally. [ually. 
 In/gi-dent^al-ly, adv. Cas- 
 In-gm'er-ate, v. t. To burn 
 
 to ashes. 
 In-gip'i-en-gy, n. Beginning 
 In-gip'i-ent,a. Commencing. 
 In-gis'ion (-sTzh^un), n. A 
 
 cutl a gash ; a wound. 
 In-gi'sive, a. Cutting. 
 In-gi'sor, n. A foretooth. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wglf, t(5"o, tcJbk ; ^rn, rjje, pyll ; p, ^, soft ; g, hard; as ; epst ; o as ng ; thig. 
 
INCISURE 
 
 140 
 
 INCREDIBILITY 
 
 In Qis'ure (-slzh/ur), n. A 
 cat? _ 
 
 In/Qi-ta'tion, n. Incentive. 
 
 In-c,ite', V. t. To move or 
 rouse to action. 
 
 In-gite'inent (10), n. That 
 which moves tiie mind ; mo- 
 tive ; inciting cause. 
 
 in^ci-vil'i-ty, n. AVant of ci- 
 vility ; disrespect ; rudeness. 
 
 In-oiem'en-gy, n. Severity. 
 
 In-elem'ent, a. Severe, as 
 applied to weather. — Syn. 
 Rough ; stormy ; boisterous. 
 
 In^'-eli-na'tion, n. A leaning ; 
 tendency ; disposition. 
 
 In-elme', v. t. or r. To lean ; 
 to bend ; to feel disposed. — 
 Jnrlined plane, ^ 
 a sloping plane; ^.^^^i^^^"^ 
 one of tiie me- ^'^^^ 
 
 clianical pow- ' ^ 
 
 crs. Inclined 
 
 In-<il6§e' (28), P^^"®* 
 r. t. To surround. 
 
 In-el6§'Tlre (-klo^zhijr), n. A 
 place inclosed. 
 
 In-€lude', r. t. To compre- 
 hend ; to comprise. [iiio- 
 
 In-clu'sion, Actofinclud- 
 
 In-elu'sive, a. Comprehend- 
 iug ; inclosing. [include. 
 
 In-€lu'sive-ly, adv. So as to 
 
 In-c5:j', I adv. In dis- 
 
 In-c6:j'ni-to, j guise ; in 
 private. 
 
 In-eS^'ni-to, a. Unknown ; in 
 a disguise. — n. One in 
 disguise ; state of being in 
 disguise. 
 
 In^-co-her'ence, ) n. Want 
 
 In''€0-her'en-Qy, j of con- 
 nection, [nected. 
 
 In^^o-her'ent, a. Not con- 
 
 in^-eom-bus'ti-bil'i-ty, n. 
 Quality of being incombus- 
 tible. 
 
 in/-com-bus'ti-ble, a. Not 
 capable of being burned. 
 
 Tn'come, n. Rent ; revenue. 
 
 Tn''-com-men'su-rate, ) 
 
 In^-com-men'su-ra-ble, ) 
 (-men/shij-), a. Not of 
 equal extent. 
 
 In^-eom-mode', v.t- To give 
 inconvenience to. 
 
 In^-eom-mo'cli-cus, a. Incon- 
 venient ; unsuitable. 
 
 In'-eom-mu'iil-ca-ble, a. Not 
 
 to be communicated. 
 
 In-«6m'pa-ra-ble, a. Admit- 
 ting no comparison. 
 
 In-eom'pa-ra-bly, adv. Be- 
 yond comparison. 
 
 In^-eom-pas'sion-ate, a. Void 
 of pity ; hard ; cold. 
 
 in^-Com-paVi-bil'l-ty, n. Ir- 
 reconcilable inconsistency. 
 
 inz-eom-pat'l-ble, a. Irrecon- 
 cilably inconsistent. 
 
 In-eom'pe-tenge, ) n. Ina- 
 
 In-eom'pe-ten-Qy, ] bility ; 
 want of means or of legal 
 power ; incapability. 
 
 In-c6m'pe-tent, a. Not com- 
 petent ; improper ; unfit. 
 
 In^€cm-piete', a. Not fin- 
 ished ; imperfect ; defective. 
 
 In-eom/pre-hen'si-ble, a. 
 Incapable of being under- 
 stood. 
 
 In-€6m/pre-hen'si-blv, adv. 
 So as not to be intelligible. 
 
 In-'-eom-prgss'i-ble, a. In- 
 capable of being reduced 
 into a smaller compass. 
 
 In^-eon-ceiv'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be conceived. 
 
 in/€on-Qeiv'a-bly, adv. Be- 
 3 ond comprehension. 
 
 Inz-eon-elil'sive, a. Not de- 
 termining a question. 
 
 In-c6n'gru-ent, a. Incon- 
 sistent ; unsuitable. 
 
 In/-eon-gru'i-ty, n. Unsuita- 
 bleness ; inconsistency. 
 
 In-€6n'gru-ous, a. Not con- 
 sistent. — Syn. Unfit ; in- 
 appropriate ; unsuitable. 
 
 In-€6n'se-quent, a. Without 
 regular inference. 
 
 In/€on-sid'er-a-ble, a. Of 
 small amount or impor- 
 tance ; trifling. 
 
 In/€on-sid'cr-ate, a. Heed- 
 less; careless; thoughtless. 
 
 in/^on-sid'er-ate-ly, adv. 
 Without thought. 
 
 In'-eon-sid/er-a'tion, n. 
 Want of consideration. 
 
 In-'con-sist'en-gy, n. Want 
 of agreement; incongruity. 
 
 In^-con-sist'ent, a. Incon- 
 gruous ; unsuitable. 
 
 In'-eon-sist'ent-ly, adv. In- 
 I congruously. 
 
 in'-con-sol'a-ble, a. Not ad- 
 mitting comfort. [ness. 
 
 In-eon'stan-gy, n. Pickle- 
 
 In-€6n'stant, a. Subject to 
 change of opinion or pur- 
 pose ; not uniform ; varia- 
 ble ; fickle. 
 
 In/€on-test'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be contested or disputed. 
 
 in^-con-test'a-bly, at/r. Be- 
 yond dispute. [tity. 
 
 Inv-eon'ti-nenge, n. Unchas- 
 
 In-€6n'ti-nent, a. Unchaste; 
 licentious. 
 
 In-€6n'ti-nent-ly , ad v . 
 Without self-control i im- 
 mediately. 
 
 In-eon/tro-vert'i-ble, a. Not 
 to be controverted. 
 
 In-eon'tro-vert'i-bly, adv. 
 Beyonddispute. 
 
 In/€on-ven'ienge, n. AYant 
 of convenience; trouble. 
 
 in/-eon-ven'ient (-vGn^yent), 
 a. Incommodious ; unfit ; 
 troublesome. 
 
 In-eor'po-ral, ) a. Not con- 
 
 in^-eor-p5're-al, j sisting of 
 matter ; not material. 
 
 In-e6r'po-rate, v. t. or i. To 
 form into a body ; to vmite. 
 
 In-eor^po-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 incorporating. 
 
 In-'-eor-rect', a. Inaccurate ; 
 containing faults, 
 
 In-c6r'ri-gi-ble, a. Not to 
 be corrected. 
 
 In-e6r'ri-gi-ble-ness, «. 
 Quality of being incorrigi- 
 ble. 
 
 In-eor'ri-gi-bly, adv. Be- 
 yond hope of amendment. 
 
 In^-eor-rupt', a. Free from 
 corruption ; lionest ; pure. 
 
 In^-eor-rupt^i-biPi-ty, n. 
 Quality of being incorrupti. 
 ble. [be corrupted 
 
 Xn^-cor-riipt'i-ble, a. Not (< 
 
 In'-cor-rup'tion, n. Exemp 
 tion from decay. [thick. 
 
 In-cr5,s'sate, v. t. To make 
 
 In-crease', v. i. To grow. — 
 V. t. To cause to prow. 
 
 In-erease', or In'-ereasc, n- 
 Augmentation ; produce ; 
 growth. 
 
 In-cred-'i-bil'l-ty, n. The 
 quality of being incredible. 
 
 k, e, 1, 5, a, y, Ions ; it, (3, T, o, tt, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ore, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
INCREDIBLE 
 
 141 
 
 INDIllECT 
 
 In-ered'i-ble, a. Impossible 
 to be believed. 
 
 In-€red'i-bly, adv. So as not 
 to deserve belief. 
 
 In^^re-du'li-ty, n. Indisposi- 
 tion to believe. [lieving. 
 
 Jn-ered'u-lous, a. Not be- 
 
 In'€re-ment, n. Increase, 
 
 In-€rust',t'. To cover with 
 a crust or hard coat, 
 
 In^-erus-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 incruSjting ; a hard coat. 
 
 in'-eu-bate, t*. i. To sit on, 
 as eggs. [ting on eggs. 
 
 in'-cu-ba'tion, n. Act of sit- 
 
 ln'€U-bus, n. Tlie nightmare. 
 
 In-cul'-eate, f. To enforce 
 or urge. [culcating. 
 
 In/€ul-€a'tion, n. Act of in- 
 
 In-eiil'pa-ble, a. Not blam- 
 able ; without fault. 
 
 In-€ul'pate, v. t. To cen- 
 sure ; to accuse of crime. 
 
 In-eum'bent, n. One who 
 has a benefice or an ofiice. 
 — aJ Imposed as a duty ; 
 lying upon, [densome load. 
 
 In-eum'branQe, n. A bur- 
 
 In-cui;'(')> To become 
 
 liabljB to. [being incurable. 
 
 In-cu^/a-bil'l-ty, n. State of 
 
 In-eui^'a-ble (11), a. Inca- 
 pably of being cured. — n. 
 A patient who is not to be 
 cured. [be incurable. 
 
 In-eur'a-bly, adv. So as to 
 
 In-eu'ri^iis, a. Having no 
 curiosity. 
 
 In-cur'sidji, n. An inroad; 
 invasion. [crooked. 
 
 In-<5urv'ate, v. t. To make 
 
 Tn-curv'ate, a. Bent or 
 curved inward or npward. 
 
 In/€ur-va'tion, n. Act of 
 bending ; crookedness. 
 
 In-eurve', v. t. To bend. 
 
 In-eiirv'i-ty, n. A bent state. 
 
 In-debt'ed (-det/ed), a. Be- 
 ing in debt. 
 
 In-debVed-ness (-det^ed-), n. 
 State of being in debt. 
 
 In-de'gen-Qy, n. That which 
 is unbecoming in manner or 
 language ; immodesty. 
 
 In-de'gent. a. Offensive to 
 delicacy ; immodest. 
 
 In-de'qent-ly, adv. So as to 
 offend delicacy. 
 
 In/de-Qi'pher-a-ble, a. Im- 
 possible to be deciphered. 
 
 In^de-gig'ion (-sizh/un), n. 
 Want of decision. 
 
 InMe-gPsive, a. Not decisive. 
 
 In'de-€lm'a-ble, n. Not va- 
 ried in t<jrmination.. 
 
 in^de-eo'rous, or In-de^'jO- 
 rous, cL A'iolating good 
 manners. — Syn. Unbecom- 
 ing ; inaecent ; uncivil. 
 
 in/de-co^rum, n. Impropri- 
 ety of conduct ; rudeness ; 
 impoliteness. [truth. 
 
 In-deed', adv. In fact ; in 
 
 InMe-f^t'i-ga-ble, a. Not 
 yielding to fatigue. 
 
 in^de-fat'i-ga-bly, adv. 
 \Vithout weariness. 
 
 In^de-fea'gl-ble, a. Not to 
 be defeati d. 
 
 In'de-fe€t'i-ble, a. Not lia- 
 ble to defect or failure. 
 
 In/de-fen'si-ble, a. Not to be 
 defended. 
 
 In-def'i-nite, a. Not precise. 
 
 In-def'i-nite-ly, adv. With- 
 out limitation. 
 
 In-del'i-ble, a. Not to be 
 blotted out. 
 
 In-del'i-bly, adv. So as not 
 to be effaced. [delicacy. 
 
 In-del'i-ea-Qy, n. Want of 
 
 In-del'i-eate, a. Offensive to 
 purity ; indecent. 
 
 In-dem/ni-fi-ea'tion, n. Re- 
 imbursement of loss. 
 
 In-dem'ni-fy,r. t. To secure 
 against loss ; to make good. 
 
 In-dem'ni-ty, n. Security 
 against loss or penalty. 
 
 In-dent', v. t. To notch ; to 
 bind to service. — it. A 
 notch in the margin. 
 
 in^den-ta'tion, n. A cut; 
 a notch. 
 
 In-dent'iire, n. A mutual 
 agreem.ent in writing. 
 
 InMe-pend'enge, n. Exemp- 
 tion from control. 
 
 in^de-pend'ent, a. Not re- 
 h ing on others ; not sub- 
 ject to control. — n. One of 
 a church complete in itself. 
 
 in/de-pgnd'ent-ly, adv. 
 Without dependence. 
 
 In^de-s-erib'a-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be described. 
 
 In^de-struc'ti-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable of being destroyed. 
 
 in^'de-ter'mi-na-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable of being determined. 
 
 In/de-ter'mi-nate, a. Indefi- 
 nite, 
 
 Jn'de-vout', a.^Not devout. 
 
 In/dex, (///. In'd6x-e§, or 
 in'di-ges, 25.) Something 
 that points ; table of con- 
 tents. 
 
 in'dia-man (ind'ya- orm'(x\- 
 a-), n. A large ship in the 
 India trade. 
 
 In'dian (Indian or Yn/dl-an), 
 a. Relating to the Indies, or 
 to the aborigines of America. 
 — 7?. A native of the Indies; 
 an aboriginal American. 
 
 in^dia-rub'ber (ind^a- or 
 in'di-a-), 7J. Caoutchouc. 
 
 Tn'di-eate, v. t. To i-how. 
 
 In^di-ea'ticn, w. Any thing 
 indicative; token. [out. 
 
 In-di-e'a-tive, a. Pointing 
 
 In'di-ca'tcr, n. lie who, or 
 that which, shows. 
 
 In-dict' (in-ditM, r. t. To 
 present for judicial trial. 
 
 In-dict'a-ble (-dTt'a-bl), a. 
 Subject to indictnient. 
 I In-dlct'ment (dTt/-), n. Ac- 
 ; cusation by a grand jury. 
 
 In-di€'ticn, n. Tcclaration ; 
 j a cycle of fifteen a ears. 
 , In-dif fer-ence, n. Impar- 
 I tiality ; uncbncernedness. 
 ; In-dif'fer-ent, a. Of no ac- 
 count ; impartial ; passable ; 
 tolerable. [ably. 
 
 Jn-dif 'fer-ent-Iy, adv. Toler- 
 
 In'di-gcrige, n. State of des- 
 titution ; poverty. 
 
 In-dig'e-ncus, a. Native to 
 a countrj'. 
 
 Tn'di-gent, a. Needy ; poor. 
 
 in^di-gest'i-ble, a. Incapable 
 of being digested. 
 
 in^di-ges'ticn (-jest/yun). n. 
 Want of digestive powers. 
 
 In-dig'nant, n. Inflamed 
 with anger, [with contenipt. 
 
 In^dig-r.p/tion, n. Anger 
 
 In-dig'ni-ty, n. Insult ; con- 
 temptuous conduct. 
 
 In'di-go, n. A blue coloring 
 matter. [dishonest. 
 
 In^di-re-Ct', a. Not direct; 
 
 B911, or, dQ, w61f, t(5b, took ; xlrn, rije, pyll ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ; exist ; a as ng ; this. 
 
INDIRECT 
 
 142 
 
 INEXPEDIENT 
 
 In^di-re^t', a. Not direct; 
 
 dishonesty 
 In^di-re-e'tion, n. Oblique 
 course or means. [ly. 
 In^di-re^t'ly, adv. Notdirect- 
 In'dis-cern'i-ble (-diz- 
 ^ zZvn'-), a. Not to be seen. 
 In^dis-ereet', a. Injudicious, 
 la^dis-cre'tion (-kresh^un), 
 ^ n. Imprudence ; folly, 
 in/dis-erim'i-nate, a. Not 
 ^ making a distinction. 
 in'dis-€rim'i-nate-ly, adv. 
 
 Without distinction. 
 In'dis-enm^i-na'tion, n. 
 
 Want of distinction, 
 in^dis-pen'sa-ble, a. Not to 
 be dispensed with ; neces- 
 sary. 
 
 In'dis-pen'sa-bly, adv. 
 Necessarily. [cline. 
 
 In^dis-poge', v. t. To disin- 
 
 In-dis/po-si'tion (-zTsh^un), 
 n. Disinclination ; sickness. 
 
 In-dis'pu-ta-ble, a. Not to 
 be controverted. 
 
 In-dis'pu-ta-bly, adv. Be- 
 yond question. 
 
 In-dis'so-lu-ble, a. Not ca- 
 pable of being melted ; bind- 
 ing, [not to be dissolved. 
 
 In-dis'so-lu-bly, adv. So as 
 
 In/di§-s61v'a-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable'of being dissolved. 
 
 In^dis-poged', a. Somewhat 
 
 ^ ill : disincUued. [obscure. 
 
 Jn^dis-tin^t', a. Confused ; 
 
 In/dis-tin€t'ly, adv. Not 
 clearly ; obscurely. 
 
 in'dis-tinct'ness, n. Want 
 of distinctness or clearness. 
 
 in^dis-tin'guish-a-ble, a. 
 Not to be distinguished. 
 
 In-dite', v. t. To compose in 
 writing ; to dictate. 
 
 In/di-vid'u-al, a. Single ; nu- 
 merically one. — n. A 
 single person or thing. 
 
 in/di-vid/u-3,l'i-ty, n. Sepa- 
 rate existence. 
 
 In/di-vid'u-al-ly, adv. Sin- 
 gly, [of division. 
 
 In^di-vis'i-ble, a. Incjipable 
 
 In-dog'ile, a. Dull ; intract- 
 able, [intellect. 
 
 In^do-gil'i-ty, n. Dullness of 
 
 In-d6€'tri-nate, v. t. To in- 
 struct in principles. 
 
 in'do-lenQe, n. Habitual 
 idleness ; sloth. 
 
 in'do-lent, a. Habitually 
 idle ; slothful. [querable. 
 
 In-dom'i-ta-ble, a. Uncon- 
 
 In-dorse', v. t. To write, as 
 one's name, on the back ; to 
 assign by indorsement. 
 
 In^dor-see', n. One to whom 
 a note is indorsed. 
 
 In-dors'er, n. One who in- 
 dorses a note or bill. 
 
 In-dorse'ment, n. A writing 
 of one's name on the back 
 of a note. 
 
 In-du'bi-ta-ble,a. Admitting 
 no doubt; perfectly certain. 
 
 In-du'bi-ta-bly, adv. Cer- 
 tainly, [suasion. 
 
 In-duQe', V. t. To lead by per- 
 
 In-duQe'ment, n. Any thing 
 which induces. [session. 
 
 In-du€t', V. t. To put in pos- 
 
 In-du€'tion, n. Introduc- 
 tion; inference or conclu- 
 sion, [inference. 
 
 In-du€t'ive, a. Leading to 
 
 In-dii€t'ive-ly, adv. By in- 
 duction or inference. 
 
 In-due', V. t. To invest ; to 
 clothe ; to furnish. 
 
 In-dulge', V. t. To gratify ; to 
 humor; to permit to enjoy. 
 
 In-dul'genge, n. Forbear- 
 ance of restraint, [wishes. 
 
 In-dul'gent, a. Yielding to 
 
 In'du-rate, v. i. ov t. To 
 harden. [hardening. 
 
 in-'du-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 
 In-dus'tri-al, a. Relating to, 
 or consisting in, industry. 
 
 In-dus'tri-oiis, a. Habitual- 
 ly diligent; assiduous. 
 
 In-dus'tri-oiis-ly, adv. Dili- 
 gently, [igence ; assiduity. 
 
 Tn'dus-try, n. Constant dil- 
 
 In'dwell-ing, a. Residing 
 within. [drunk. 
 
 In-e'bri-ate, v. t. To make 
 
 In-e'bri-ate, n. An habitual 
 drunkard ; a sot. 
 
 In-e'bri-a'tion, I n. Drunk- 
 
 in'e-bri'e-ty, j enness ; in- 
 toxication. 
 
 In-ed'it-ed,a. Unpublished. 
 
 In-6f' fa-ble, a. Not to be ex- 
 pressed ; unspeakable, [ibly. 
 
 In-6f' fa-bly, adv. Inexpress- 
 
 In^ef-f age'a-ble (11 ) , a. Not 
 to be effaced . 
 
 in/ef-fe€t'ive, a. Producing 
 no effect ; useless. 
 
 in^ef-fe^fu-al, a. Not pro- 
 ducing the proper elTect. 
 
 In-ef^fi-ea'cioiis, a. Not pro- 
 ducing effect. 
 
 In-ef'fi-€a-Qy, n. Want of 
 power to produce the desired 
 or proper effect. 
 
 In^ef-fi'den-Qy (-fish/en-), 
 n. Want of power to pro- 
 duce the effect. 
 
 In/ef-fi'cient (-fWent), a. 
 Effecting nothing. 
 
 In-ePe-gange, n. Want of 
 elegance. [gance. 
 
 In-el'e-gant, a. Wanting ele- 
 
 In-eVi-gi-bil'i-ty, n. Inca- 
 pacity of being elected to 
 office. 
 
 In-el'i-gi-ble, a. Not capable 
 of being elected to office; 
 not worthy to be chosen. 
 
 In''e-qual'i-ty (-kwoP-), n. 
 Want of equality. 
 
 In-eq'ui-ta-ble (-ek^w?-), a. 
 Not equitable ; not just. 
 
 In-ert', a. Sluggish ; inact- 
 ive; slothful; dull. 
 
 In-er'ti-a(-er/shT-a),n. That 
 property of matter by which 
 it tends when at rest to re- 
 main so, and when in motion 
 to continue in motion. 
 
 In-ert'ness, n. QuaHty of 
 being inert. 
 
 In-es'ti-ma-ble, a. Above 
 price ; invaluable. 
 
 In-ev'i-ta-ble, a. Not to be 
 avoided ; unavoidable. 
 
 In-6v'i-ta-bly, adv. Un- 
 avoidably. 
 
 In^ex-a€t', a. Not exact ; in> 
 
 ^ correct. [excused. 
 
 In^ex-eus'a-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 in^ex-eug'a-bly, adv. So as 
 not to be excusable. 
 
 In^ex-haust'i-ble,a. Not to 
 be exhausted. 
 
 In-6x'o-ra-ble, a. Not to be 
 moved by entreaty. — Syn 
 Inflexible; unyielding; re- 
 lentless, [of fitness. 
 
 Tn^ex-pe'di-enQe, n. Want 
 
 In''ex-pe'di-ent,a. Not fit or 
 suitable. 
 
 a,e,T,o,u,y,;owg-; 6,1, 6,tli 
 
 , 5^, short ; care, car, ^isk, ^U, wh^t ; Sre, veil, t5rm ; pique, firm j 
 
INEXPERIENCE 
 
 143 
 
 INFUSE 
 
 In'ex-pe'ri-enge, n. Want of 
 experience. 
 
 In^ex-pert', a. Unskillful. 
 
 In-Sx'pi-a-ble, a. Admitting 
 no atonement. 
 
 In-ex'pli-€a-ble, a. Not to 
 be explained. 
 
 In-ex'pli-ca-bly, adv. So as 
 
 ^ not to be, explained. 
 
 In'ex-prgss'i-ble, a. Not to 
 
 ^ be expressed ; unutterable. 
 
 In/ex-tin'guish-a-ble,rt. In- 
 capable of being extin- 
 guished ; unquenchable. 
 
 In-ex'tri-ea-ble,a. Not to be 
 extricated or disentangled. 
 
 In-faiai-bil'i-ty, n. The 
 quality of being incapable 
 of error. 
 
 In-fai'li-ble, a. Incapable of 
 error or mistake. 
 
 Jn-fal'li-bly, adv. Certainly. 
 
 In'fa-raous, a. Notoriously 
 
 ^ bad; detestable. [vilely. 
 
 In'fa-mous-ly, adv. Most 
 
 |n'fa-my, n. Public disgrace. 
 
 In'fan-gy, n. The first part 
 of life ; the beginning. 
 
 In'fant, n. A young child. 
 — a. Pertaining to infants. 
 
 In-fant'i-Qide, n. Murder 
 
 ^ or murderer of an infant. 
 
 In'fant-ile, or Jn'fant-ile, ) 
 
 In'fant-ine,orin'fant-me, j 
 a. Pertaining to infants. 
 
 In'fant-ry, n. Foot soldiers. 
 
 In-fat'u-n.te, v. t. To make 
 foolish ; to besot. 
 
 In-fat^u-a'tion, n. Depriva- 
 tion of reason. 
 
 In-fea'si-ble, a. Impossible 
 to be done. 
 
 In-fe€t', v. t. To taint with 
 disease. 
 
 In-fe€'tion,n. Morbid matter 
 that communicates disease. 
 
 In-fe-e'tious, a. Having qual- 
 ities that may communicate 
 disease. 
 
 Jn-fS-et'ive, a. Infectious. 
 
 In/fe-€und'i-ty, n. Barren - 
 
 ^ ness; unfruitfulness. 
 
 In/fe-liQ'i-tous,a. Not felici- 
 tous; unhappy. 
 
 In^fe-liQ'i-ty, n. TJnhappi- 
 ness ; unfortunate state. 
 
 In-fer' (7), v. %. To deduce 
 as a fact or consequence. | 
 
 In-fer'a-ble, j a. Capable of 
 In-fer'ri-ble, / being inferred. 
 
 in'fer-enge, n. Deduction 
 from premises. 
 
 in^fer-eii'tial, n. Deducible 
 by inferences. 
 
 In-fe'ri-or, a. Lower in age or 
 place or value. — n. One 
 who is lower in age or place. 
 
 In-fe^'ri-or'i-ty, n. A lower 
 state or condition. 
 
 In-fer'nal, a. Pertaining to 
 hell; hellish. 
 
 In-fer'tile, a. Unfruitful. 
 
 in/fer-til'i-ty, n. Unfruitful- 
 ness ; barrenness, [annoy. 
 
 In-fest', V. t. To disturb ; to 
 
 In'fi-del,a. Not believing the 
 Scriptures ; unbelieving. — 
 n. One who rejects the 
 Scriptures and Christianity. 
 
 in/fi-dePi-ty, n. Disbelief of 
 the inspiration of the Script- 
 ures ; unfaithfulness. 
 
 In-fiPtrate, v. t. To enter by 
 the pores, [tering the pores. 
 
 In^fil-tra'tion, n. Act of en- 
 
 in'fi-nite, a. jBoundlesa ; im- 
 mense, [limit or end. 
 
 In'fi-nite-ly, adv. Without 
 
 In-fm''i-t6s'i-mal, a. In- 
 finitely divided. 
 
 In-fin'i-tive, a. Expressing 
 action without limitation of 
 person or number. 
 
 In-fin'i-tude, n. Infinity. 
 
 In-fm'i-ty, n. Unlimited ex- 
 tent or number. 
 
 In-firm', a. Weak ; sickly. 
 
 In-firm'a-ry, n. A place to i 
 lodge and nurse the sick. 
 
 In-flrm'i-ty, n. Weakness ; 
 feebleness; failing. 
 
 In-fix', V. t. To fix deep. 
 
 In-flame', v. t. To set on fire ; 
 to provoke ; to excite. 
 
 In-flam''ma-biPi-ty, n. Sus- 
 ceptibility of taking fire. 
 
 In-flam'ma-ble, a. Easily 
 
 ^ set on fire. 
 
 In-'flam-ma'tion, n. A set- 
 ting on fire ; a redness and 
 swelling, [ing inflammation. 
 
 In-flam'ma-to-ry, a. Show- i 
 
 In-flate', v. t. To swell; to j 
 blow or puff up, I 
 
 In-fla'tion, n. A swelling i 
 with wind or vanity. j 
 
 I In-fle€t', V. t. To bend ; to 
 vary ; to modulate. 
 
 In-fle€'tion (27), n. A bend- 
 ing ; variation of ending in 
 I words ; modulation of voice, 
 j In-flex'i-biPi-ty, n. Un- 
 ! yielding stiffness ; obstinacy. 
 
 In-flex'i-ble, a. Immovably 
 I stilT. [ness. 
 
 In-fiex'i-bly, adv. With firm- 
 
 In-fH€t', V. t. To lay or bring 
 on ; to impose. 
 
 In-fli-c'tion, n. Act of inflict- 
 ing ; punishment. 
 
 in/flo-res'genQC, n. Mode of 
 flowering. 
 
 in'flu-enge, n. Moving or 
 directing power. — v. t. To 
 move by moral power; to 
 persuade; to act upon. 
 
 In^flu-en'tial, a. Exerting 
 influence or power. 
 
 in^flu-en'za, n. A violent 
 
 ^ catarrh, often epidemic. 
 
 In'flux, n. Act of flo\\ing in. 
 
 In-fold', V. t. To involve ; to 
 inwrap. 
 
 In-form', v. t. To tell; to 
 acquaint with ; to animate. 
 — Syn. To apprise ; teach ; 
 instruct. — v. i. To give 
 intelligence. 
 
 In-form'al, a. Wanting form ; 
 without ceremony ; irrcgu- 
 
 ^ lar. [usual forms. 
 
 In/for-mai'i-ty, n. AVant of 
 
 In-form'al-ly, adv. With- 
 out the usual forms. 
 
 In-form'ant, n. One who 
 tells ; an informer. 
 
 in/for-ma'tion, n. Notice 
 given; intelligence. 
 
 In-form'er, 71. One who tells, 
 
 In-fr^-e'tion, n. Breach ; vio- 
 lation, [of being broken. 
 
 In-f ran'gi-ble , a. Incapable 
 
 In-fre'quen-gy, n. Uncom- 
 monness ; rarity. 
 
 In-fre'quent, a. Not usual; 
 uncommon; rare. 
 
 In-frmge', v. t. To break, 
 as contracts ; to violate. 
 
 In-fringe 'ment, n. Yiolation. 
 
 In-fu'ri-ate, v. t. To enrage. 
 
 In-fu'ri-ate, a. Like a fury ; 
 violently enraged. 
 
 In-fu§e', V. t. To pour in ; to 
 steep in liquor ; to inspire. 
 
 son, or, do, W9lf, too, tcTok ; tirn, rye, pi.ill ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; a§ ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
INFUSIBILITY 
 
 144 
 
 INOPERATIVE 
 
 In-fu/§i-'bil'i-ty, n. Capacity 
 of being poured in ; incapa- 
 bility of fusion. 
 
 In-fu'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 being infused ; incapable of 
 being made liquid. 
 
 In-fu'sion, n. Act of pour- 
 ing in ; liquor made by in- 
 fusion . 
 
 In-gen'ious (-jen^yus), a. 
 Possessed of genius; skill- 
 ful, [ingenuity. 
 
 In-gen'ioiis-ly, adv. With 
 
 In^ge-nu'i-ty, n. Ready in- 
 vfintion ; skill. 
 
 In-gen'u-ous, a. Free from 
 reserve or dissimulation. — 
 Syn. Open; frank ; candid. 
 
 In-gen'u-oiis-ly, adv. Can- 
 didly, [dor. 
 
 In-gen'u-ous-ness, n. Can- 
 
 In-gl5'ri-oiis, a. Bringing no 
 glory ; disgraceful. 
 
 In'got (18), n. A bar or 
 ■wedge of metal. 
 
 In-graft', v. t. To insert, as a 
 scion, in a stock, [grafting. 
 
 In-graft'ment, n. Act of in- 
 
 in'grain, or In-grain', r. t. 
 To dye before manufacture. 
 
 In'grate, n. An ungrateful 
 person. 
 
 In-gra'ti-ate (-gra/shi-), t. 
 
 To get into favor. 
 In-grat'i-tMe, n. Want of a 
 
 sense of favors, [nent part. 
 In-gre'di-ent, n. A compo- 
 in'gress, n. Entrance. 
 In-gulf, V. t. To swallow up 
 
 in a gulf. 
 In-hab'it, v. To dwell; to 
 
 live in ; to abide. 
 In-hab'it-a-ble, a. Possible 
 
 to be inhabited. 
 In-hab'it-ant, n. A dweller. 
 In-hS,b^it-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 residence. [haling. 
 In-'ha-la'tion, n. Act of in- 
 In-hale', v. t. To draw into 
 ^ the lungs. [sical. 
 In'har-mo'ni-ous, «. Unmu- 
 In-here', v. i. To be fixed in. 
 In-her'ence, n. Existence in 
 
 sometliing else. 
 In-her'cnt, a. Existing in 
 
 something ; innate. 
 In-h§r'it, v. t. To take by 
 
 inheritance. 
 
 In-her'it-a-ble, a. Incapable 
 of being inherited. 
 
 In-her'it-ange, n. An heredi- 
 tary estate. [inherits. 
 
 In-her'it-or, n. A man who 
 
 In-hib'it, v.t. To restrain ; 
 to forbid. 
 
 in'hi-bi'tion (-bish/un), n. 
 Restraint ; prohibition. 
 
 In-h6s'pi-ta-ble, a. Kot dis- 
 posed to entertain strangers. 
 
 In-hos^pi-taPi-ty, n. Want 
 of hospitality. [cruel. 
 
 In-hii'man, a. Barbarous ; 
 
 in^hu-man'i-ty, n. Barba- 
 ity ; cruelty. [rously. 
 
 In-hu'man-ly , adv. Barba- 
 
 in^hu-ma'tion, n. Act of 
 burying. 
 
 In-hume', v. t. To bury. 
 
 In-im'i-€al, a. Unfriendly. 
 
 In-im'i-ta-ble, a. Not to be 
 imitated. [imitation. 
 
 In-im'i-ta-bly, adv. Beyond 
 
 In-iq'ui-tous (-ik/wi-), a. 
 Characterized by great in- 
 justice. — Syn. Wicked ; 
 nefarious ; criminal, [crime. 
 
 In-iq'ui-ty, n. Injustice ; 
 
 In-i'tial (-islVal), a. First.— 
 n. First letter of a name. 
 
 In-i'ti-ate (-Ish/I-at), v. t. To 
 instruct in rudiments ; to 
 introduce. 
 
 In-Pti-a'tion (-ish/i-), n. In- 
 struction in first principles. 
 
 In-i'ti-a-tive ) (-Tsh/T-), a. 
 
 In-i'ti-a-to-ry j Serving to 
 initiate. 
 
 In-je€t% V. t. To throw in. 
 
 In-je-e'tion, n. Act of throw- 
 
 ^ ing in ; any thing injected. 
 
 In^ju-di'cious (-dislVus), a. 
 
 Not judicious ; unwise. 
 In-jun-e'tion, n. Command ; 
 order. 
 
 In'jure, v. t. To hurt ; to 
 
 damage ; to harm. 
 In-ju'ri-oiis, a. Hurtful. 
 I In-ju'ri-oiis-ly, adv. Ilurt- 
 
 1 In'ju-ry, n. Iliirt ; detriment. 
 
 In-lius'tige, ii. W^aut of jus- 
 tice ; wrong. < 
 
 Ink, n. A liquor used in 
 "writing and printing. — v. t. 
 To mark with ink. 
 
 ink'ling, n. A hint; desire. 
 
 Ink'stand, n. A vessel to 
 ^"hold ink. 
 
 ink'y, n. Consisting of, or 
 ^"like, ink. 
 
 in'land, a. Far from the sea. 
 
 In-lay', v. t. To diversify with 
 other substances. [bay. 
 
 In'let, n. Passage into a 
 
 In'ly, adv. Internally ; secret- 
 ly, [the same house. 
 
 In'mate,n. One who lives in 
 
 In'mcst, a. Deepest within. 
 
 Inn (8), n. A house of enter- 
 tainment for travelers. 
 
 In'nate, or In-nate', a. In- 
 born ; natural. 
 
 In-nav'i-ga-ble, a. Impass- 
 able by ships. [inward. 
 
 Tn'ner, n. Interior ; further 
 
 in'ner-mcst, a. Deepest or 
 furthest within. 
 
 in'ning, n. The turn for using 
 the bat in cricket. 
 
 Inn'keep-er, n. A person 
 who keeps an inn or tavern. 
 
 In'no-genge, n. Freedom 
 from guilt; harmlessness. 
 
 in'no-gent, a. Free from 
 guilt ; pure ; harmless. 
 
 In'no-gent-ly, adv. Harm, 
 lessly. 
 
 Jn-nd^'u-ous, a. Harmless. 
 
 in'no-vate, v. t. or /. To in- 
 troduce as a novelty. 
 
 in^no-va'tion, w. Introduc- 
 tion of novelties. 
 
 In'no-va'tor, n. One who 
 innovates. [nocent. 
 
 In-n6x'icus,a. Harmlej's; in- 
 
 In/nu-en'do, n. {pi. In^nu- 
 6n'dce§, 18.) A distant 
 hint. 
 
 In-nu'mer-a-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be numi)ered. 
 
 In-nu'mer-a-bly, adv. Be- 
 yond number. 
 
 In-6€'u-late, v. t. To insert, 
 as a scion, in a stock ; to 
 communicate, as disease, by 
 inserting infectious matter. 
 
 In-6€''u-la'tion, n. Act of in- 
 oculating, [smell. 
 
 In-o'dor-ous, a. Destitute of 
 
 In/of-fen'sive, a. Giving no 
 offense. 
 
 In'of-f6n'sive-ly, adv. With- 
 out offense ; ^larmlessly. 
 In-6p'er-a-tive, a. Inactive. 
 
 a, 0, 1, o, u, y, Ions ; S, e, i, 6, tt, 5^, short ; care, ciir, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, term ; p "que, ITrm ; 
 
INOPPORTUNE 
 
 145 
 
 INSTANTLY 
 
 In-6p^por-tune', a. Not op- 
 portune ; unseasonable. 
 
 In-6p/por-tune'ly, adv. Un 
 reasonably. [ate 
 
 In-6r'di-nate, a. Immoder- 
 
 In-6r'di-nate-ly, adv. Im- 
 moderately ; excessively. 
 
 In/or-gan'i€, a. Void of or- 
 gans ; unorganized, 
 
 In-6s'€u-late, v. t. To unite, 
 as a vein and an artery, at 
 their extremities. 
 
 In-6s/€u-la'tion, n. Union by 
 contact of the two extremi- 
 ties. 
 
 In'quest, n. Judicial inquiry. 
 
 In-qui'e-tude, n. A restless 
 state of mind ; uneasiness. 
 
 In-quire', v. t. To ask about ; 
 to seek by asking. 
 
 In-quir'er, n. One who in- 
 quires, [quiring. 
 
 In-quir'y (19), n. Act of in- 
 
 In''qui-si'tion (-zish/un), n. 
 Judicial inquiry ; a court 
 for the punishment of her- 
 esy. 
 
 In-qui§'i-tive, a. Given to in- 
 quiry curious, [curiosity. 
 
 In-qui§'i-tive-ness, n. Busy 
 
 In-qui§'i-tor, n. A member 
 of the inquisition. 
 
 In-qui§/i-to'ri-al, a. Pertain- 
 
 ^ ing to inquisition. 
 
 In'road, n. Sudden inva- 
 
 ^ sion ; incursion. 
 
 In^sa-lu'bri-ous, a. Not salu- 
 
 _ brious ; unhealthy. 
 
 IiVsa-lu'bri-ty, n. Want of 
 salubrity ; unwholegome- 
 ness. 
 
 In-sane', a. Unsound in 
 
 mind ; crazy ; deranged. 
 In-san'i-ty, n. Derangement 
 
 of intellect. 
 In-sa'ti-a-ble (-sa'shi-), a. 
 
 Not to be satisfied. 
 In-sa'ti-a-bly (-sa/shi-), adv. 
 
 With greediness not to be 
 
 satisfied. [satisfied. 
 In-sa'ti-ate (-sa^shi-), a. Not 
 In-S€ribe', v.t. To write on. 
 In-s€ripaion, n. That which 
 
 is written on something; 
 
 title address. 
 In-s€ru/ta-bil'i-ty, ) n. 
 In-s^rii'ta-ble-ness, ) The 
 
 quality of being inscrutable. 
 
 In-s-cru'ta-ble, a. Unsearch- 
 
 ^ able ; undiscoverable. 
 
 In'se-et, n. A small animal 
 with six legs, and breathing 
 through tubes running 
 
 ^ through the body. 
 
 In/se€-tiv'o-rous, a. Feeding 
 on insects. 
 
 in/se-eure', a. Unsafe ; not 
 
 ^ confident of safety. 
 
 In'se-€u'ri-ty, n. Want of 
 safety ; danger ; hazard. 
 
 In-sen'sate, a. Senseless ; 
 stupid ; foolish. 
 
 In-s6n/si-bil'i-ty, n. Want 
 of emotion or affection. 
 
 In-s6n'si-ble, a. Destitute of 
 feeling ; imperceptible. 
 
 In-s6n'si-bly, adv. Imper- 
 ceptibly ; gradually. 
 
 In-sen'tient, a. Not having 
 perception. 
 
 In-s6p'a-ra-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be separated. 
 
 In-sert', v. t. To bring into ; 
 to introduce. 
 
 In-ser'tion, n. Act of insert- 
 
 ^ ing ; thing inserted. 
 
 In 'side, n. The inner part or 
 place. [sly. 
 
 In-sid'i-ous, a. Deceitful ; 
 
 In'sight (-sit), n. Sight of 
 the interior ; full knowl- 
 edge, [distinction. 
 
 In-sig'ni-a, n. pi. Badges of i 
 
 ln^sig-nif'i-€anQe, n. Want i 
 
 ^ of meaning ; unimportance. I 
 
 In^sig-nifi-cant, a. Void of i 
 meaning ; without weight 
 of character. — Syn. Un- 
 important ; trivial ; imma- 
 terial. 
 
 in^sin-Qere', a. Hypocritical ; 
 ^ false. [critically. 
 Tn^sin-gere'ly, ad.v. Ilypo- 
 In/sin-ger'i-ty, n. Deccitful- 
 
 ness ; hypocrisy. 
 In-sm'u-ate, v. t. To creep 
 
 in ; to hint. 
 In-sin^u-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 insinuating ; hint. 
 In-sip'id, a. Void of taste; 
 ^ vapid. 
 
 In^si-pid'i-ty, n. Want of 
 taste; want of life and 
 spirit. [or urgent. 
 
 In-sist', v. i. To be persistent 
 In-snare', v. t. To entrap. 
 
 In'so-brPe-ty, n. Intemper- 
 ance. 
 
 In'so-lenQe, n. Haughtiness 
 or pride joined with con- 
 
 ^ tempt ; audacity. 
 
 In'so-lent, a. Haughty ; in- 
 
 ^ suiting. [iiy. 
 
 In'so-lent-ly, ndv. Haught- 
 
 In-s6Pu-bil'i-ty, n. The 
 quality of being insoluble. 
 
 In-s61'u-ble, a. Incapable of 
 being dissolved in a fluid. 
 
 In-s61v'a-ble,n. Incapable of 
 being solved or explained. 
 
 In-s61v'en-Qy, n. Inability to 
 pay debts. [debts. 
 
 In-s61v'ent, a. Unable to pay 
 
 In-'so-much', adv. So that. 
 
 In-spe€t', V. t. To examine ; 
 to superintend ; to view. 
 
 In-sp6€'tioh, nt Examina- 
 tion ; view. 
 
 In-spe-ct'or, n. An examiner; 
 a superintendent, [sphere. 
 
 In-sphere', v. t. To place in a 
 
 In^spi-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 drawing in the breath ; di- 
 vine influence upon the 
 mind. 
 
 Iii-spire', V. i. To draw in 
 breath. — v. t. To breathe 
 into ; to infuse ; to animate 
 supernaturally. 
 
 In-spir'it_, V. t. To animate. 
 
 In-spis'sate, v. t. To thicken, 
 as liquids. 
 
 In'spis-sa'tion, n. Act of 
 thickening. [stancy. 
 
 In'sta-bil'i-ty, n. Incon- 
 
 In-sta'ble, a. Inconstant; 
 unsteady. [office. 
 
 In-stall', V. t. To invest with 
 
 In^'stal-la'tion, n. The giving 
 possession of an office. 
 
 In-stall'ment I (9), n. Act 
 
 In-stal'ment ) of install- 
 ing ; payment of part. 
 
 In'stange, n. Solicitation ; 
 example ; a case occurring. 
 — V. To produce an exam- 
 
 . pie. 
 
 In'stant, w. A moment. — 
 a. Present ; urgent. 
 
 In'stan-ta'ne-ous, a. Done 
 in an instant. 
 
 In-stan'ter, adv. Instantly. 
 
 in'stant-ly, adv. Immediate- 
 ly- 
 
 86n, or, dQ, wglf, toD, to^ok ; tirn, rjje, pyll ; p, ^, soft; -e, g, hard; ag ; epst ; q as ng ; this. 
 
INSTATE 
 
 In-state', v. t. To place in a 
 condition, 
 
 In-stead',a</t'. In place of. 
 
 In'step,n, The upper part of 
 the foot, [ward ; to set on. 
 
 Jn'sti-gate, v. t. To urge for- 
 
 In^sti-ga'tion, n. Incitement, 
 as to evil or wickedness. 
 
 In'sti-gaaor, n. One who in- 
 cites to evil. 
 
 Tn-stili' I V' t. To infuse by 
 
 Jn-stil' } (16) or as by drops. 
 
 in'stin€t, n. Unconscious, 
 involuntary, or unreasoning 
 prompting to action. 
 
 In-stin-et'ive, a. Prompted 
 by instinct. [instinct. 
 
 Tn-stin€t'ive-ly, adv. By 
 
 In'sti-tute, v. t. To establish. 
 — n. Established law. 
 
 in^sti-tu'tion, n. Act of es- 
 tablishing ; system estab- 
 lished, [direct. 
 
 In-stru€t', V. t. To teach ; to 
 
 In-stm€'tion, n. Act of 
 teaching ; direction ; com- 
 mand. 
 
 In-stru-ct'ive, a. Conveying 
 knowledge ; serving to in- 
 struct, [teaches 
 
 In-stru-et'or, n. One who 
 
 In-stru-et'ress, n. A female 
 teacher. 
 
 in'stru-ment, n. A tool ; ma- 
 chine ; a writing ; an agent. 
 
 In^stru-ment'al, a. Condu- 
 cive to some end. 
 
 In^stru-ment-al'i-ty, n. 
 Agency ; means. 
 
 in^sub-or/di-na'tion, n. Dis- 
 obedience to lawful author- 
 *ity. 
 
 In-suf fer-a-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 borne ; unendurable. 
 In-suf fer-a-bly, adv. To a 
 
 degree beyond endurance. 
 Jn^suf-f I'cien-gy , ( -fish/cn- ), 
 
 n. Want of sufficiency. 
 In^suf-fi'cient (-fish/ent), a. 
 
 Inadequate. [water. 
 Tn'su-lar, a. Surrounded by 
 In/su-lar'i-ty, n. State of 
 
 being insular. 
 In'su-late, v. t. To place in 
 
 a detached position ; to make 
 
 an isle. [sulating. 
 Tn^su-la'tion, n. Act of in- 
 In'sult, n. Intended con 
 
 146 
 
 INTERCHANGEABLE 
 
 tempt. — Syn. Outrage ; 
 insolence ; affront ; indigni- 
 ty- 
 
 In-sult', v.t. To treat with 
 abuse, insolence, or con- 
 tempt. 
 
 In-sult'ing, a. Containing 
 
 gross abuse. 
 In-su'per-a-ble, a. Impossi- 
 ble to be overcome. 
 In''sup-p5rt'a-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be endured. 
 In-sur'ange (-shijr/-), n. Se- 
 curity against loss by pay- 
 ing a certain sum. 
 In-sure' {-shur, 28), v. t. To 
 
 make sure against loss. 
 In-sur'gent, a. Exciting sedi- 
 tion ; rebellious. — n. One 
 who rises against lawful au- 
 thority. 
 In^sur-mount'a-ble, a. Kot 
 to be surmounted or over- 
 come ; insuperable, 
 in/sur-re^'tion, n. Open op- 
 position to lawful authority. 
 — Syn. Sedition; revolt; 
 rebellion. 
 In/sur-re€'tion-a-ry, a. Re- 
 lating to insurrection. 
 In/sus-Qgp'ti-ble, a. Not ca- 
 pable of feeling. 
 In-tagl'io (-tiil/yo), n. A 
 precious stone with a figure 
 engraved on it. 
 In-tan'gi-ble, a. Not per- 
 ceptiftle by touch. [ber. 
 In'te-ger, n. A whole num- 
 In'te-gral, n. An entire 
 ^ thing. — a. Whole ; entire. 
 In'te-grant, a. Necessary to 
 
 constitute an entire thing. 
 In'te-grate, v. t. To form 
 
 one whole ; to make up. 
 In-t6g'ri-ty, n. Wholeness ; 
 
 uprightness ; purity, [ing. 
 In-teg'u-ment, n. A cover- 
 in'tel-le€t, n. Power to 
 judge and comprehend ; the 
 understanding. 
 Inael-le€'tion, n. Simple ap- 
 prehension of ideas. 
 In/tel-le-et'ive, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the intellect. 
 In/tel-16€t'u-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the understanding. 
 Inael-16€t'u-al-ly, adv. By 
 means of the understanding. 
 
 In-tel'li-genge, n. Under* 
 standing. 
 
 In-tel'li-gent, a. Knowing ; 
 instructed ; skillful. 
 
 In-tel'li-gent-ly, adv. In an 
 intelligent manner. 
 
 In-tel'li-gi-ble, a. Capable of 
 being comprehended. 
 
 In-tePli-gi-bly, adv. So as to 
 be understood. 
 
 In-tem'per-ange, n. Excess ; 
 drunkenness ; inebriation. 
 
 In-tem'per-ate, a. Exces- 
 sive ; ungovernable ; inordi- 
 nate ; addicted to the exces- 
 sive useof spirituous liquors. 
 
 In-tend', v. To purpose. 
 
 In-tend'ant, n. An overseer. 
 
 In -tense', a. Strained ; close ; 
 vehement ; extreme. 
 
 In-tense'ly, adv. To a high 
 degree. [ing. 
 
 In-tsn'sion, w. Actofstrain- 
 
 In-ten'si-ty, n. Extreme de- 
 gree. 
 
 In-ten'sive, a. Giving force. 
 
 In-tent', a. Fixed closely. 
 — n. Purpose; aim. 
 
 In-ten'tion, n. Design ; pur- 
 pose ; aim. 
 
 In-ten'tion-al, a. Designed. 
 
 In-ten'tion-al-ly, adv. Pur- 
 posely, [attention. 
 
 In-tent'iy, adv. With close 
 
 In-ter' (7), v. t. To bury. 
 
 In-ter'€a-la-ry, a. Inserted *, 
 added. 
 
 In-ter '€a-late, v. t. To in- 
 sert between others. 
 
 In-ter^^a-la'tion, n. Inser- 
 tiod of a day in a calendar. 
 
 In^ter-gede', v. i. To inter- 
 pose ; to mediate. 
 
 In^ter-gept', v.t. To seize on 
 its passage. 
 
 in'ter-Q^p'tion, n. Act of 
 intercepting. 
 
 In'ter-g&s'sion (-§esh'un), n. 
 Mediation ; interposition. 
 
 In^'ter-ges'sor, n. A media- 
 tor, [ing intercession. 
 
 In^ter-Qes'so-ry, a. Contain- 
 
 In^er-change', v. t. To 
 change by giving and re- 
 ceiving ; to recipiocate. 
 
 In'ter-changc, n. Mutual 
 exchange ; barter. 
 
 In/ter-change'a-ble, a. Ca- 
 
 a, 6, 1, 6, u, y, Ions / ^. 5^) ^^^^^ ^^^^ ' £re, veil, tSrm ; pique, firm , 
 
INTERCOURSE 
 
 147 
 
 INTIMATE 
 
 pable of being given and 
 
 taken mutually. 
 In'ter-course, n. Mutual 
 
 dealings ; fellowship. 
 Jn'ter-dict', v. t. To forbid, 
 In'ter-di€t, n. A prohibition. 
 in'ter-di€'tion, n. Act of 
 . prohibiting. 
 
 In'ter-est, v. t. To concern 
 or relate to ; to affect. — n 
 Concern ; share ; premium 
 
 ^ for the use of money. 
 
 In'ter-est-ed, a. Having an 
 interest. 
 
 In'ter-est-ing, a. Exciting 
 
 ^ interest ; pleasing. 
 
 Inaer-fere', v. i. To inter- 
 
 ^ pose ; to clash ; to meddle. 
 
 In'ter-fer'enge, n. Interpo- 
 s'tion ; a meddling. 
 
 In'ter-im, n. The mean time. 
 
 In-te'ri-or, a. Internal ; be- 
 ing within. — n. The in- 
 ward part. [ly. 
 
 In-te'ri-or-ly, adv. Inward- 
 
 In/ter-ja'gent, a. Lying be- 
 tween ; intervening. 
 
 In^ter-je€'tion, n. A word 
 of exclamation. 
 
 In^ter-lage', v. t. To inter- 
 
 ^ mix ; to insert. 
 
 In^ter-lard', v. t. To insert 
 between ; to interpose. 
 
 In^ter-Ieave', v. t. To insert 
 
 ^ blank leaves in. 
 
 In^ter-lme', v.t. To write or 
 
 ^ print between the lines of. 
 
 In/ter-lm'e-ar, ) a. Written 
 
 In/ter-lin'e-al, j or printed 
 
 ^ between the lines. 
 
 In/ter-lirye-a'tion, w. A 
 writing or printing between 
 lines. 
 
 In'ter-lmk', v. t. To connect 
 
 ^ by uniting hnks. 
 
 In'ter-loe'u-tor, n. One who 
 speaks in dialogue. 
 
 Inaer-16-c'u-to-ry, a. Con- 
 
 ^ sisting of dialogue. 
 
 Jn^ter-lop'er, n. An intruder. 
 
 Tn'ter-lude, n. An entertain- 
 ment between the acts of a 
 play ; a piece of instrumental 
 music between the parts of a 
 
 ^ song or hymn. 
 
 In^ter-mar'riage, n. Recip- 
 rocal marriage between two 
 families, tribes, &c. 
 
 In/ter-mar'ry, v. i. To be- 
 come connected, as families, 
 by marriiige. 
 
 In'ter-mSd'dle, v. i. To med- 
 dle in the affairs of others. 
 
 Inaer-me'di-al, I a. Lying 
 
 in/ter-me'di-ate, ) between. 
 
 In-ter'ment, n. A burying. 
 
 In-ter'mi-na-ble, »i. Admit- 
 
 ^ ting of no end ; endless. 
 
 Inaer-min'gle, v. t. To min- 
 gle together. 
 
 in^ter-mis'sion (-mlsh^'un), 
 
 ^ n. Cessation for a time. 
 
 In^ter-mit', v. i. or t. To 
 cease or cause to cease for a 
 time. 
 
 in/ter-mit'tent, a. Ceasing 
 at intervals. 
 
 In-'ter-mix', v. t. or t. To mix. 
 
 In/ter-mixt'tire, n. A mass 
 formed by mixture. 
 
 In-ter'nal, a. Inward ; inte- 
 rior ; domestic. [ly. 
 
 In-ter'nal-ly, adv. Inward- 
 
 In/ter-na'tion-al (-nash'- 
 un-), a. Existing between 
 nations. 
 
 in^ter-nun'ci-0 (-nun'shi-o), 
 n. A pope's representative. 
 
 In-ter'po-late, v. t. To in- 
 sert, as spurious matter, in 
 a writing. 
 
 In-ter^po-la'tion, n. The 
 act of inserting spurious 
 words in a writing. 
 
 In-ter'po-lat''or, n. One who 
 interpolates. 
 
 in^ter-poge', v. i. To step in 
 between. — v. t. To place 
 between ; to interfere ; to 
 mediate. 
 
 In^ter-po-si'tion (-zish^un), 
 n. Act of mediating. 
 
 In-ter'pret, v. t. To explain. 
 
 In-ter^pret-a'tion, n. Expla- 
 nation ; version. 
 
 In-ter'pret-er, n. One who 
 expounds. 
 
 in/ter-reg'num, n. The time 
 a throne is vacant between 
 the death of a king and the 
 accession of his successor. 
 
 In-ter'ro-gate, v. t. To ex- 
 amine by question. 
 
 In-ter^ro-ga'tion, n. A ques- 
 tion ; an inquiry ; a point 
 [?] denoting a question. 
 
 Inaer-r6g'a-tive, a. Denot- 
 ing ;i question. 
 
 In-ter'ro-ga'tor, n. One who 
 asks que^tions. 
 
 Inaer-rog'a-to-ry, n. A 
 question, — a. Containing 
 
 ^ a question. 
 
 In^ter-rtipt', v. t. To stop by 
 ^ interfering ; to divide. 
 In/ter-rup'tion,7». Interposi- 
 tion ; stop ; hindrance. 
 In/ter-s6€t', v. t. To divide; 
 
 to cross. — V. i. To meet 
 ^ and cross each other. 
 In'ter-se€'tioxi, n. Act of 
 
 crossing ; point where two 
 ^ lines cut each other. 
 In'ter-sperse', v. t. To scat- 
 ^ ter among. [scattering. 
 In'ter-sper'sion, n. Act of 
 In'ter-stige, or In-ter'stige, 
 
 n. An en)pty space between 
 ^ things closely set. 
 In/ter-sti'tial (-stish/al), a. 
 ^ Containing interstices. 
 In^ter-t^xt'-Qre, n. State of 
 ^ bring interwoven. 
 In/ter-twme', I v. t. To unite 
 In^ter-twist', ) by twining. 
 In'ter-val (18), n. A space 
 
 between things ; time be- 
 ^ tween events. [between. 
 Tn'ter-vene', v. i. To come 
 In/ter-ven'tion, n. Act of 
 ^ intervening ; interposition. 
 In'ter-view, n. A formal 
 ^ meeting ; conference. 
 Inaer-weave', v. t. To weave 
 
 one into another of. 
 In-t§s'tate, «. D3ing without 
 
 a will. — n. One who dies 
 
 without leaving a will. 
 In-tes'ti-nal, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the bowels. [mcstic. 
 In-tes'tme, a. Internal ; do- 
 In-t6s'tme§, n. pi. The 
 
 bowels. 
 
 In-thralP (16), v. t. To re- 
 duce to bondage ; to enslave. 
 In-thrall'ment ) (9), n. Sla- 
 in- thral'ment j very. 
 In'ti-nia-gy, n. Close famil- 
 ^ iarity ; friendship. 
 In'ti-mate, v. t. To hint ; to 
 ^ sugjiest ; to point cut. 
 In'ti-mate, a. Inmost ; near. 
 — n. A familiar associate 
 or friend. 
 
 86n, or, dg, wglf, to-o, tcTok; flm, nje, pvill; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ag ; exist; q ajj ng; this 
 
INTIMATELY 
 
 In'ti-mate-ly, adv. Familiar- 
 ly. [suj>;gestion ; notice. 
 In'ti-ma'tion, n. A hint; 
 In-tim'i-date, v. t. To in- 
 spire with fear ; to abash. 
 In-tim^i-da'tion, n. The act 
 
 of intimidating, 
 in'to, prep, noting entrance. 
 In-t6i'er-a-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 borne or endured. 
 In-toPer-a-bly, adv. Beyond 
 endurance. [toleration. 
 In-toI'er-anQe, n. Want of 
 In-t61'er-ant, a. Unable to 
 
 bear ; iUiberal ; bigoted. 
 Inao-na'tion, n. Manner of 
 
 utterance ; modulation. 
 In-t6x'i-eat8,^^ t. To inebri- 
 ate ; to make drunk. 
 In-tox/i-ea'tion, n. State of 
 drunkenness. [nacy. 
 In-traet/i-bil'i-ty, n. Obsti- 
 In-tr^et'a-ble, a. Unman- 
 ageable ; obstinate ; unruly. 
 In-tran'si-tive, a. Express- 
 ing an action that does not 
 pass over to an object. 
 In-trSncb', v. t. To fortify 
 
 with a trench ; to encroach, i 
 In-trench'ment, n. A ditch \ 
 
 and parapet for defense. 
 In-trep'id, a. Fearless ; bold, 
 inare-pid'i-ty, n. Undaunt- 
 ed bravery ; fearlessness. 
 In'tri-ea-gy, n. Entangle- 
 ment ; perplexed state ; com- 
 plexity ; obscurity. 
 In'tri-cate, a. Entangled or 
 
 involved ; complicated. 
 In-trigue' (-treegO, n. Strat- 
 agem ; amour. — v.i. To 
 carry on secret designs. 
 In-trigu'er (-treeg/-), n. One 
 
 who intrigues. 
 In-trm'si-e, I a. Internal; 
 In-trm'si€-al, ) true ; inher- 
 ent ; essential ; real. 
 In-trin'si-c-al-ly, adv. In- 
 ternally ; essentially. 
 Inaro-duge', v. t. To bring 
 
 in ; to make known. 
 In'tro-du€'tion, n. Act of 
 
 introducing; a preface. 
 In^tro-dii-e'to-ry, a. Serv- 
 ing to introduce. 
 In'tro-spe^'tion, n. A view 
 of the inside. [inward. 
 Inaro-vert', v. t. To turn 
 
 148 
 
 In-trude', v. i. To come un- 
 welcomely . — v. t. To thrust 
 in without invitation. 
 
 In-trud'er, n. One who in- 
 trudes. 
 
 In-tru'sion, n. Entrance 
 without right. 
 
 In-tru'sive, a. Apt to in- 
 trude, [the care of. 
 
 In-trust', V. t. To commit to 
 
 Inau-i'tion{-Mi/un), n. Im- 
 mediate knowledge, as in 
 perception. 
 
 In-tu'i-tive, a. Perceived by 
 the mind immediately. 
 
 In-tu'i-tive-ly, adv. By im- 
 mediate perception. 
 
 In/tu-mes'genQe, n. A swell- 
 ing with heat. 
 
 In -twine', \v.t. To twist 
 
 In-twist_', ) together. 
 
 In-rin'date, v. t. To overflow. 
 
 In^un-da'tion, n. An over- 
 flosv of water ; a flood. 
 
 lU-ure', V. t. or i. To accus- 
 tom ; to serve to the use or 
 benefit of. [urn. 
 
 In-urn', v.t. To put iu an 
 
 In^u-til'i-ty, n. Uselessness. 
 
 In-vade', v. t. To enter in a 
 hostile manner ; to attack. 
 
 In-vad'er, n. One who in- 
 vades, [void. 
 
 In-val'id, a. Weak; null; 
 
 In'va-lid, n. One disabled. 
 — a. In ill-health; feeble. 
 
 In-val'i-date , r . t. To make 
 void ; to weaken. 
 
 In^va-lid'i-ty, «. Weakness; 
 want of legal force. 
 
 In-vai'u-a-ble, a. Beyond 
 valuation ; priceless. 
 
 In-va'ri-a-ble,a. Unchange- 
 able ; uniform. 
 
 In-va'ri-a-bly, adv. With- 
 out change ; uniformly. 
 
 In-va'sion, n. Hostile en- 
 trance ; infringement. 
 
 In-v6€'tive, n. A harsh or 
 reproachful accusation. 
 
 In-veigh' (in-vaO, v. i. To 
 rail against ; to reproach. 
 
 In-vei'gle (-ve/gl), v. t. To 
 entice; to entrap. 
 
 In-vent', v.t. To discover 
 by study or inquiry ; to find 
 out; to contrive; feign. 
 
 In-v6n'tion, n. Act of find- 
 
 INVOCATION 
 
 ing out ; that which is in- 
 vented. 
 
 In-vent'ive, a. Ready at in- 
 vention ; ingenious, [vents. 
 In-vent'or, M. One who in- 
 In'ven-to-ry, n. A list of 
 articles. [trary. 
 In-verse', a. Inverted ; con- 
 In-verse'ly, adv. In a con- 
 trary order or manner. 
 In-ver'sion, n. A complete 
 
 change of order. 
 In-vert', v. t. To turn upside 
 down ; to change the order 
 of completely. 
 In-vert'ed, a. Beversed. 
 In-v6st'', v. t. To clothe ; to 
 besiege ; to vest in some- 
 thing else, [iuto. 
 In-vesai-gate,v. To search 
 In-ves'ti-ga'tion, n. A 
 searching for truth ; exami- 
 nation ; inquiry. 
 In-ves'ti-ga^tor, n. One who 
 
 searches for truth. 
 In-vest'i-ture, n. Act of 
 giving possession. i 
 In-vest'ment, n. A vestment 
 conversion into property less 
 fleeting than money. 
 In-v6t'er-a-Qy, n. Obstinacy 
 
 confirmed by time. 
 In-v6t'er-ate, a. Old ; firm- 
 ly fixed. - 
 In-vid'i-ous, a. Likely to ex- 
 cite envy_^ [strengthen. 
 In-vig'or-ate, v. t. To 
 In-vig/or-a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 invigorating. 
 In-vin'gi-ble, a. Not to be 
 conquered ; unconquerable. 
 In-vi'o-la-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 broken. 
 In-vi'o-late, a. Not broken ; 
 
 entire ; uninjured. 
 In-vi§a-bil'i-ty, n. State of 
 being invisible. [seen. 
 In-vi§'i-ble, a. Not to be 
 In-vi§'i-bly, adv. So'as not 
 
 to be seen, 
 in^vi-ta'tion, n. Act of in- 
 viting; request to attend. 
 In-vite', V. t. To request tho 
 ■^company of ; to allure. 
 In-vit'ing, p. a. Attractive, 
 fn'vo-cate, v: t. To invoke. 
 In/vo-ca'tion, n. Act of in- 
 voking ; judicial order. 
 
 a, e, !, o, u, f, long; 6, i, 6, ti, J^, short; cSre, car, 2isk, ftll, wh^t ; ere, veil, tt^nn ; pique, firm ; 
 
INVOICE 
 
 149 
 
 ISTHMUS 
 
 In'voige (18), n. A bill of 
 goods, Avith the prices an- 
 nexed. — V. i. To make a 
 list of, with the prices. 
 
 In-v6ke',r. t. To address in 
 prayer ; to implore. 
 
 In-v61'un-ta-ri-ly, adv. Not 
 by choice ; against the will. 
 
 In-v6i'un-ta-ry, a. Opposed 
 to, or independent of, the 
 will. [involving. 
 
 In^'vo-lii'tion, n. Action of 
 
 In-v61ve', v. t. To envelop ; 
 to infold ; to comprise. 
 
 In-vul'ner-a-ble, a. Incapa- 
 ble of being wounded. 
 
 In'ward, a. Being within. — 
 adv. \V'ithin. 
 
 in'ward-ly, adv. In the in- 
 ner part ; internally. 
 
 In'wards, n. pi. Intestines. 
 
 In-weave', v. t. [imp. in- 
 wove ; p. p. INWOVE, IN- 
 ■Vt^OVEN.J To weave to- 
 gether. 
 
 In- wrap' (-rapO, v. t. To in- 
 volve ; to infold. 
 
 In- wrought' (-rawt^), a. 
 Worked in. 
 
 I-6'ta, n. A tittle : a jot. 
 
 I-ras^gi-bil'i-ty, n. Quality 
 of being easily provoked. 
 
 i-r^s'gi-ble, a. Irritable ; 
 easily angered. 
 
 Ire, 11. Anger ; wrath. 
 
 Ire'ful (17), a. Angry ; wroth. 
 
 rris*(18), n. The rainbow; 
 the colored circle of the eye. 
 
 I'rish, a. Pertaining to Ire- 
 land. — n. The native lan- 
 
 ^ guage of the Irish, [some. 
 
 Irk'some, a. Tedious ; tire- 
 
 I'ron (i^urn), n. The most 
 common and useful of the 
 metals. — a. Made of iron ; 
 like iron ; hard ; firm. — v. t. 
 To smooth with a hot iron. 
 
 I'ron--elad ^^^p 
 
 vessel for war- ''^^^^^^^K 
 
 ed or covered ^ 
 _ with iron. Iron-clad. 
 I-ron'ie-al, a. Spoken in 
 _ irony. 
 
 I'ron-y, n. Speech intended 
 to convey a contrary signifi- 
 cation ; a species -^f ridicule. | 
 
 Ir-ra'di-ate, v. t. or i. To 
 
 eniit rays ; to illuminate. 
 
 Ir-raMi-a'ticn, n. Emission 
 of ra> s; illumination. 
 
 Ir-ra'tion-al (-rash/un-), a. 
 Void of reason. [surdly. 
 
 Ir-ra'tion-al-iy, adv. Ab- 
 
 Ir-re€'on-Qil'a-ble, a. Im- 
 possible to be reconciled. 
 
 Ir're-eov'er-a-ble, a. In- 
 capable of being recovered. 
 
 Ir^re-eov'er-a-bly, adv. Be- 
 yond n^covery. 
 
 Ir^re-deem'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be redeemed. [reduced. 
 
 ir^re-du'gi-ble, a. Not to be 
 
 Ir-ref ra-ga-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be refuted. 
 
 Ir-ref u-ta-ble, or Ir/re-fut'- 
 a-ble,a. Incapable of being 
 refuted. 
 
 Ir-reg'u-lar, a. Not accord- 
 ing to rule; immefhodical. 
 
 Ir-reg-'u-lar'i-ty, n. Devia- 
 tion from rule; anomaly. 
 
 Ir-reg'u-lar-Iy, adv. With- 
 out method, rule, or order. 
 
 Ir-rel'a-tive, a. IIavi)ig no 
 relation ; unconnected. 
 
 Ir-rel'e-vant, a. Not appli- 
 cable or pertinent. 
 
 Ir-rel'e-van-gy, n. State of 
 being irrelevant. 
 
 ir^re-lig'ion (-ITj/un), n. 
 Want of religion ; impiety. 
 
 ir^re-lig'ious (-Ij'us), a. 
 Ungodly ; wicked. 
 
 Ir^re-me'di-a-ble, a. Ad- 
 mitting of no remedy. 
 
 Ir-rep'a-ra-ble, a. Impos- 
 sible to be repaired. 
 
 Ir-rep'a-ra-bly, adv. So as 
 
 ^ not to admit of repair. 
 
 Ir^re-peal'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be repealed. 
 
 Ir-rep^re-hen'si-ble, a. Not 
 to be blamed, [be repressed. 
 
 Ir^re-press'i-ble, a. Not to 
 
 ir^re-proach'a-ble, a. Be- 
 yond reproach ; blameless. 
 
 ir^re-gist'l-ble, a. Impossible 
 
 ^ to be resisted with success. 
 
 Ir''re-sist'i-bly, adv. So as 
 not to be resistible. 
 
 Ir-rss'o-lute, a. Not firm in 
 purpose. — Syn. Wavering ; 
 vacillating; unsettled; un- 
 steady ; undecided. 
 
 Ir-re§'o-lu'tion, n. Want of 
 
 ^ firmness of mind. 
 
 Ir/re-spe€t'ive, a. Without 
 regard to circumstances. 
 
 ir^re-sp6n'si-ble, a. Not re- 
 sponsible. 
 
 Ir^re-triev'a-ble, a. Inca- 
 pable of recovery or repair. 
 
 Ir-r6v'er-enge n. Want of 
 reverence or veneration. 
 
 Ir-r6v'er-ent, a. Wanting in 
 reverence. 
 
 ir^re-ver'si-ble, a. Not to bo 
 reversed. [recalled. 
 
 Ir-rev'o-ea-ble, a. Not to bo 
 
 Ir-r6v'o-€a-bly, adv. So as 
 not to admit of recall. 
 
 Ir'ri-gate, v. t. To wet; to 
 moi.>ten ; to water, as land, 
 by means of a stream made 
 to flow over it. [gating. 
 
 ir^ri-ga'tion, n. Act of irri- 
 
 Tr-rig'u-ous, a. Watery ; wet. 
 
 Ir^ri-ta-bii'i-ty, n. Capacity 
 of being irritated. [tatcd. 
 
 Tr'ri-ta-ble, a. Easily irri- 
 
 Ir'ri-tant, n. That which ex- 
 cites or irritates. 
 
 ir'ri-tate, r. To excite heat 
 and redness in ; to anger. 
 
 ir''ri-ta'tion, n. Act of irri- 
 tating ; exasperation. 
 
 Ir-rup'tion, n. Sudden inva- 
 sion; violent inroad, [upon. 
 
 Tr-rup'tive, a. Rushing in or 
 
 I§ (2). Third person singular 
 of the substantive verb To 6t;. 
 
 Psin-glass (Pzing-glass), n. 
 A kind of gelatine obtained 
 from the sturgeon ; mica. 
 
 Is'land (I^-), ) n. Land which 
 
 Isle (11), j is surrounded 
 by water. [land. 
 
 Isl'et_(il/et), n. A little is- 
 
 is'o-late, V. t. To place in a 
 detached situation ; to place 
 by itself. [isolated. 
 
 Is^o-la'tion, n. State of being 
 
 I/so-therm'al, a. Having 
 equal temperature. 
 
 I§'ra-el-ite, n. A descendant 
 of Israel ; a Jew. 
 
 Is'sue(Ish/shij), w. Offspring ; 
 final resu t ; a small ulcer 
 kept open. — v. i. To come 
 or send out ; to result. — 
 V. t. To put in circulation. 
 
 Isth'mus (is^mus or isthmus), _ 
 
 66n, or, do, W9lf, too, took ; tirn, rije pi;ll ; 9, soft; g, hard; ; exist ; q as ng; this.' 
 
IT 
 
 150 
 
 JESUITICAL 
 
 n. - A neck or narrow strip 
 of land connecting larger 
 portions of land. 
 
 it, pyon That thing. 
 
 1-tal'ian, a. Pertaining to It- 
 aly. — n . A native of Italy ; 
 language of Italy. 
 
 I-tS,l'i-e, a. Relating to Italy or 
 to the letters called Italics. 
 
 i-tal'i-gize, v. t. To print in 
 the letters called Italics. 
 
 I-tSl'i-CS, n. pi. Letters inclin- 
 ing as these. 
 
 Itch, n. A cutaneous disease. 
 — V. i. To have irritation in 
 the skin ; to long. 
 
 Ptem, n. A separate particu- 
 
 ^ lar. 
 
 It'er-ate, v. t. To repeat. 
 IVer-a'tion,n. Act of repeat- 
 _ ing ; repetition. 
 I-tin'er-ant, n. One who trav- 
 
 els from place to place. — 
 a Wandering; traveling. 
 
 I-tm'er-ate , v. i. To travel. 
 
 I-tin'er-a-ry, n. A book of 
 travels. — a. Traveling ; 
 done on a journey. 
 
 It-self, pron., of it and self. 
 
 Pvo-ry, n. The tusk of an 
 elephant, or any substance 
 closely resembling it. 
 
 I'vy, n. A climbiug plant. 
 
 J. 
 
 JAB'BER, v. i. To talk 
 rapidly and indistinctly. 
 
 — n. Rapid, indistinct talk. 
 Ja'ginth, n. A pellucid gem. 
 Jack, n. An instrument of 
 
 various kinds ; an engine ; 
 a small flag. 
 
 Jack'al, n. A wild animal, 
 allied to the wolf 
 
 Jack'a-napes, n. A monk- 
 ey ; an ape. 
 
 JS^ck'ass, n. Male of the ass ; 
 a dolt. [boots. 
 
 Jack'-l30bts,n. pi. Very large 
 
 Jack'daw, n. A bird allied 
 to the crows. 
 
 J^ck'et, n. A kind of short 
 coat. [pocket-knife. 
 
 J&ck'-knife (-nif), n. A large 
 
 J^-c'o-bin, n. A violent rev- 
 olutionist ; a demagogue. 
 
 Ja€''o-biii'i-e-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to secret clubs against 
 government. 
 
 Jade, n. A tired horse ; a 
 worthless woman. — v. t. To 
 wear down by exertion ; to 
 tire ; to weary ; to fatigue. 
 
 Jag, n. A small load; notch. 
 
 — V. t. To notch ; to indent. 
 JS,g'gy, a. Notched ; un- 
 even. 
 
 jag^u-ar^, »t. A "^^^^^^^ 
 
 American ti- , 
 
 f^er. Jaguar. 
 
 Jail, M. A prison. 
 
 Jail'er, n. Keeper of a jail 
 
 Jal'ap, n. A plant or drag 
 
 used as a cathartic. 
 Jam, n. A conserve of fruits. 
 
 — v.t. {!) To squeeze close- 
 ly ; to wedge in. [a chimney. 
 
 Jamb { jitm ),n. Side piece of 
 
 Jan'gle (jang/gl),n. Discord- 
 ant sound ; contention. — 
 V. To wrangle ; to quarrel. 
 
 Jan'i-tor, n. A door-keeper. 
 
 jkn'i-za-ry, n. A Turkish 
 soldier of the guards. 
 
 Jant'y, a. Airy ; showy. 
 
 J^n'u-a-ry, n. First month 
 of the year. 
 
 Ja-pan', n. A peculiar kind 
 of varnish. — v. t. To var- 
 nish. 
 
 Jar, V. t. To cause to shake. 
 
 — V. i. To strike together 
 slightly ; to interfere. — n. 
 A shaking ; a clash a stone 
 or glass vessel. 
 
 Jar'gon, w. Confused talk ; 
 
 gibberish. 
 Jag'mme, or Jas'mme, n. 
 
 A climbing plant. 
 JS-s'per, n. A mineral. 
 Jaun'dice, n. A disease in 
 
 which the body is yellow. 
 Jaunt ( jant), v. i. To make 
 
 an excursion. — n. An ex- 
 cursion. 
 Jave'lm, n. A kind of spear. 
 Jaw, n. The bone in which 
 
 "the teeth are fixed. — v. i. 
 
 To scold. 
 Jay, n. A reddish brown bird 
 
 common in Europe ; an 
 
 American bird of a sky-blue 
 
 color. 
 
 Jeal'ous, a. Suspicious. 
 
 Jeal'otis-y, n. Suspicion ; 
 fear of losing some good 
 which another may obtain. 
 
 Jean ( jan), n. A cotton cloth 
 twilled. 
 
 Jeer (8), n. A scoff; a taunt ; 
 
 mockery. — v. i. To scoff; 
 
 to deride. [name of God. 
 Je-ho'vah, n. The Hebrew 
 Je-june', a. Hungry ; barren ; 
 
 void of interest. 
 Je-june'ness, n. Barrenness. 
 JePly (19), n. Inspissated 
 
 juice of fruit ; a conserve, 
 jin'ny, n. A machine for . 
 
 spinning. 
 Jecp'ard, v. t. To put in 
 
 danger ; to expose to loss or 
 
 injury. — Syn. To risk ; 
 
 peril ; expose ; hazard. 
 Jeop'ard-y,n. Danger ; peril. 
 Jerk, V. t. or i. To throw or 
 
 pull with sudden motion. — 
 
 n. A sudden thrust or 
 
 twitch or spring. [coat. 
 Jerk'in, n. A jacket or short 
 J6s'sa-mine, n. A plant; 
 
 jasmine. 
 Jest, V. i. To make f port. — 
 
 n. A joke. 
 J6§'U-it, n. One of a religious 
 
 order; a crafty person (an 
 
 offensive sense). 
 J6§'u-it'i-c-al, «. Relating 
 
 to the Je^'uits ; cratty (cm 
 
 offensive sense). 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long; S, e, T, 6, tt, "Sf, short; care, car, &sk, gU, wh^jt ; ere, vgU, t5rm ; pique, ilrm 
 
JET 
 
 151 
 
 JUNK 
 
 Jgt, n. A black fofsil ; a sud- 
 den spouting, as of water. — 
 V. i. To shoot forward. 
 
 Jew (ju or jij), n. A Hebrew. 
 
 Jew'el (ju'el or ju/el), n. A 
 precious stone; a gem. — 
 V. t. To adorn with jewels ; 
 to fit with a jewel. 
 
 Jew'el-er I (ja'- or ji}'-), n.. 
 
 Jew'el-ler j One who deals 
 in jewels. 
 
 Jew'el-ry (ju^- or jij/-), n. 
 Jewels or trinkets in general. 
 
 Jew'ess (ju/es or jii^es), n. 
 A Hebrew woman. 
 
 Jew'ish ( jQ/- or ju^-), a. Per- 
 taining to the Jews. 
 
 Jews'-harp ( ju7/- orjiiz^-),w. 
 A musical instrument. 
 
 Jib, n. Foremost sail of a 
 
 Jig, n. A light dance, [ship. 
 
 Jilt, n. A woman who trilles 
 with her lover. — v. t. To 
 trifle in love with. 
 
 Jin'gle ( jing/gl), To clink ; 
 to tinkle. — /I. A sharp, 
 clinking sound. 
 
 J6b, n. A piece of work. — 
 v.t.or i. To do small work ; 
 to deal i« stocks. 
 
 Jdb'ber, n. A dealer in stocks. 
 
 Jdck'ey (19), n. One who 
 deals in horses. — v. t. To 
 cheat ; to trick. 
 
 Jo-eose', a. Given to jesting ; 
 jocular; facetious. 
 
 J6€'u-lar, a. Jocose ; merry. 
 
 J6c'u-lar'i-ty, n. Disposition 
 to jest. 
 
 J6€'und, a. Merry ; gay ; 
 lively. 
 
 J6g, V. t. or i. To push with 
 
 the elbow; to walk slowly. 
 
 — n. A push with the 
 
 elbow. [ly. 
 J6g'gle,v. t. To shake slight- 
 Join, V. t. To couple ; to 
 
 unite ; to combine ; to close. 
 Join'er, n. A mechanic who 
 
 does the nicer wood-work of 
 
 buildings. 
 Join'er-y, n. A joiner's art. 
 Joint, n. Place or part where 
 
 things are united. — v. t. 
 
 To form into joints. — a. 
 
 Shared by two or more. 
 Joint'ed, a. Having joints. 
 Joint'ly, adv. Unitedly. 
 
 Joint'ress, n. A woman who 
 has a jointure, [in company. 
 Joint'-stock, n. Stock held 
 Joint^-ten'an-gy, n. A ten- 
 ure of estate by unity of in- 
 terest, title, time, and pos- 
 session. 
 
 JoinV-tSn'ant, n. One who 
 
 holds by joint tenancy. 
 Joint'ure ( jointly ijr), n. An 
 
 estate settled on a wife. 
 Joist, n. A small piece of 
 
 timber to support a floor. 
 J5ke, n. A jest. — v. t. or i. 
 
 To jest. [of a fish. 
 
 Jole, n. The cheek ; head j 
 J61'li-ty, w. Noisy mirth. 
 Jdl'ly, a. Merry ; gay ; hvely. 
 Jolt, V. t. or /. To shake with ■ 
 
 jerks. — n. A sudden shake. 
 Jds'tle ( jos^l), V. t. To run 
 
 against. 
 Jot, n. An iota; a tittle. 
 Jour'nal, n. An account of 
 
 daily transactions ; a diary. 
 Jour'nal-ist, n. One who 
 
 keeps a journal, [a journal. 
 Jour'nal-ize. v. t. To enter in 
 Jofir'ney (19), w. Travel ; 
 
 passage ; excursion. — v. i. 
 
 To travel, [hired workman. 
 Jour'ney-man (21), n. A 
 Joust, n. A tournament. 
 Jo'vi-al, a. Merry ; jolly ; 
 Jowl. See Jole. [gay. 
 Jowl'er, or Jowl'er, n. A 
 
 hunting-dog, or other dog. 
 Joy, n. Gladness; exulta- 
 tion. — V. i. or t. To rejoice. 
 Joy'ful, a. Full of joy ; glad. 
 Joy'ful-ly, adv. With joy. 
 Joy 'less, a. Void of joy. 
 Joy'ous, a. Glad; merry; 
 
 cheerful. [of triumph. 
 
 Jii'bi-lant, a. Uttering songs 
 Jii'bi-lee, n. A periodical 
 
 festivity : a season of joy. 
 Ju-da'i-e-al, a. Pertaining to 
 the Jews. [the Jews. 
 
 Ju'da-ism, n. Religion of 
 Jii'da-ize, v. t. To conform 
 
 to Judaism. 
 Jiidge, n. One authorized to 
 determine causes in court; 
 an umpire. 
 Jiidg'ment (10), n. Sentence ; 
 
 opinion ; discernment. 
 Ju'di-ea-to-ry, n. A court 
 
 of justice. — a. Dispensing 
 justice. 
 
 Ju'di-€a-ture, n. Power of 
 distributing justice ; juris- 
 diction. 
 
 Ju-di'cial (-dish/al ), a. Per- 
 taining to courts. 
 
 Ju-di'cial-ly (-dlsh^al-), adv. 
 In the forms of justice. 
 
 Ju-di'ci-a-ry (-dish/i-), a. 
 Pertaining to courts. — n. 
 Courts of justice. 
 
 Ju-di'cious (-dish^us), a. 
 Prudent ; acting with judg- 
 ment. 
 
 Ju-di'cious-ly (ju-dTsh/us-) 
 adv. Wisely. 
 
 Jiig, n. A vessel for liquors. 
 
 Jug'gle, n. A trick by leger- 
 demain. —v. i. To play 
 tricks. 
 
 Jiig'gler, n. One who juggles. 
 
 Jug'gler-y, n. Sleight of 
 hand. [the throat. 
 
 Ju'gu-lar, a. Belonging t« 
 
 Juige, n. Sap of vegetables ; 
 fluid part of animal sub- 
 stances. 
 
 Jui'gi-ness, n. Succulence. 
 
 Jiii'Qy, a. Full of juice ; suc- 
 culent. 
 
 Jii'lep, n. A liquor or sirup, 
 Ju-ly', n. Seventh month of 
 
 the year. 
 Jiim'ble, V. t. To mix. — n. 
 
 A confused mixture; a 
 
 small cake. 
 Jump, V. i. To spring by 
 
 raising both feet. — n. A 
 
 leap with two feet. 
 Jun-c'tion, n. Act of joining. 
 Jiin-et'iire, n. A joining; 
 
 point of time. [year. 
 Jiine, n. Sixth month of the 
 Jiin'gle (jiing/gl), w. A thick 
 
 cluster of small trees. 
 Jun'ior (-yur), a. Younger ; 
 
 inferior. — n. One younger 
 
 or of lower sta^ftding. 
 Jiin-ior'i-ty (-yor^-), n. State 
 
 of being junior. 
 Jii'ni-per, n. An evergreea 
 
 cone-bearing 
 
 shrub or tree. 
 Jiink, n. A Chi- 
 nese ship ; old 1 
 
 ropes ; bard, 
 
 salt beef. Junk. 
 
 son, or, dQ, wQlf, too, to^ok; Om, rge, pyll ; 9, ^, soft; €, g, Iiard; a^ ; ejist ; 0 as ng ; tiiis. 
 
JUNKET 
 
 152 
 
 KINDLINESS 
 
 Jftnk'et, n. A private enter- 
 tainment. 
 
 Jun'to, n. {pi. Jiin'tog, 18.) 
 A cabal ; a faction. 
 
 Ju-rid'i€-al, a. Relating to a 
 judge ; used in courts of 
 law. 
 
 Ju^ris-di-e'tion, n. Legal au- 
 thority, or the space over 
 which it extends. 
 
 Jii/ris-pru'denQe , n. Science 
 of law. ' 
 
 Ju'rist, n. One versed in the 
 law ; a civil lawyer. 
 
 Ju'ror )(18, 21), n. One 
 
 Ju'ry-man j who serves on 
 a jury. 
 
 JU'ry, n. A body of men se- 
 
 lected and sworn to deliver 
 truth on evidence in court. 
 
 Just, n. Appropriate or suit- 
 able ; conformed to truth. — 
 Syn. Exact ; accurate ; eq- 
 uitable ; fair. — adv. Close- 
 ly ; exactly. — n. A mock 
 encounter on horseback. 
 
 Jus'tige, n. The giving to 
 every one his due; a civil 
 officer. 
 
 Jus-ti'ci-a-ry (-tlsh/Y-), n. 
 One who administers jus- 
 tice. 
 
 Jus'ti-fi'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being justified. 
 Jusai-fi-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 
 justifying ; vindication. 
 
 Jiis'ti-fy, V. t. To prove tc 
 be just ; to absolve from 
 guilt. 
 
 Just'ly, adv. Equitably ; 
 
 honestly. [truth. 
 I Just'ness, n. Conformity to 
 Jut, V. i. To shoot out or 
 
 project. 
 
 Jut'ty, n. A projection in a 
 building ; a pier or mole. 
 
 Ju^ve-nes'gent, a. Becoming 
 young. [ful. 
 
 Ju've-nile, a. Young ; youth- 
 
 Ju/ve-nil'i-ty, n. Youthful- 
 ness ; the manners or cus- 
 toms of youth. 
 
 Jiix/ta-po-§i'tion (-zlsh'un), 
 n. Nearness in place. 
 
 K. 
 
 KALE, n. A kind of cab- 
 bage. 
 
 Ka-lei'do-S€6pe, n. An opti- 
 cal instrument which ex- 
 hibits a variety of beautiful 
 colors. M 
 
 Kan^ga-rdb', ' 
 n. A singular 
 quadruped .iT. Irffi,. 
 found in Aus- ^«nn^^^ 
 tralia. ""^aa^MP^ 
 
 K6dge, n. A Kangaroo, 
 small anchor. 
 
 Keel, ». The bottom timber 
 of a ship, extending from 
 stem to stern. 
 
 Keel'haul, v. t. To haul 
 under the keel as a punish- 
 ment. 
 
 Keel'son (kel-'sun), n. A piece 
 of timber laid on the floor 
 timbers of a ship. 
 
 Keen, a. Bager ; piercing ; 
 sharp ; acute. 
 
 Keen'ly, adv. In a keen 
 manner ; sharply ; bitterly. 
 
 Keep, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 KEPT.] To preserve ; to 
 save ; to hold. — v. i. To 
 stay ; to endure ; to dwell. — 
 n. A stronghold ; support. 
 
 Keep'er, n. One who pre- 
 
 serves or guards ; a custo- 
 dian. 
 
 Keep'ing, n. Custody ; care. 
 Keep'sake, n. A token of 
 
 remembrance. 
 K§g, n. A small cask. 
 Kelp, n. Calcined ashes of 
 
 sea- weed, used for making 
 
 glass. 
 
 K6n, V. t. To see ; to know. 
 — n. Reach of sight ; cogni- 
 zance. 
 
 Ken'nel, n. A cot for dogs ; a 
 pack of hounds. — v. t. or i. 
 (8) To lodge in a kennel. 
 Kept, imp. & p. p. oX Keep. 
 Ker'chief, n. A cloth to cover 
 the head. [fruit ; a grain. 
 Ker'nel, n. Seed of a pulpy 
 Ker'gey, n. A woolen cloth. 
 Ker'sey-mere, n. A thin 
 
 woolen cloth ; cassimere. 
 Ket'tle, n. A vessel for boil- 
 
 ing water, &c. 
 K6t'tle-driim, n. A 
 kettle-shaped me- 
 tallic drum. 
 
 Key (19), n. An in- Kettle- 
 
 strument to fasten ^Irum. 
 and open locks ; a quay ; a 
 ledge of rocks near the sur- 
 face of water ; an index. 
 
 Key'stone, n. "^^OES" 
 The top-stone ^y^^^ 
 of an arch. ^ 
 
 Kick, n. A blow ^ 
 
 with the foot, Keystone. 
 
 — V. To strike with the foot. 
 Kid, n. A young goat. 
 Ki'd'nap (8), r. To steal 
 
 and secrete, as persons. 
 Kid'ney (19), w. That part 
 of the viscera which secretes 
 the urine. [rel. 
 KiPder-kin, n. A small bar- 
 Kill (1), V. t. To slay ; to de- 
 stroy. 
 
 Kiln (kil), n. A fabric Ibr 
 drying or burning any 
 thing. 
 
 Kiln'-dry (kiP-), v. t. To dry 
 in a kiln. [petticoat. 
 
 Kilt, n. A Highlander's short 
 
 Kim'bo, a. Bent ; crooked. 
 
 Kin, n. Kindred ; relation. — 
 a. Of the same kind. 
 
 Kind, a. Having, or show- 
 ing, a humane disposition. 
 
 — Syn. Benevolent ; gra- 
 cious; mild; indulgent. — 
 n. A genus ; race ; sort, 
 
 Kin'dle, v. t. To set on fire. 
 
 — V. i. To ignite. 
 Kmd'li-ness, n. Affection- 
 
 u, e, 1, o, u, y, long; S, e, T, 6, tt, s/iort ; care, cilr, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, term ; pique, firm j 
 
KINDLY 
 
 153 
 
 LACHRYMATORY 
 
 ate disposition ; benevo- 
 lence. 
 
 KInd'ly, adv. With good 
 will. — a. Mild; favorable. 
 
 Kmd'ness, n. Sympathizing 
 benevolence ; goodness. 
 
 Kin'dred, n. People related 
 to each other ; relatives. — 
 — a. Allied by birth. 
 
 Kine, n. Old pi. of Cow. 
 
 King, n. A monarch ; a sov- 
 ereign. 
 
 King'dom, n. The territory 
 
 subject to a king; a region. 
 Kmg'fish-er, 
 
 n. A bird 
 
 living on 
 
 fresh - water 
 
 fish. 
 Kmg'ly, a. 
 
 Royal ; re- Kingfisher. 
 
 gal ; pertaining to a king. 
 King's'-e'vil, n. Scrofula. 
 Kink, n. The twist of a rope 
 
 spontaneously formed. — v. 
 
 t. or i. To twist into a kink. 
 Kins 'f 51k (-Jok), n. Rela- 
 tions ; kindred. 
 Kms'man (21), n. A relation. 
 Kip^-skin, n. Leather pre- 
 pared from the skin of 
 
 young cattle. 
 Kirk, n. The church, as in 
 
 Scotland. 
 Kir'tle, n. A short jacket. 
 Kiss (2), n. A salute with the 
 
 lips. — V. t. To salute with 
 
 the lips. 
 Kit, n. A wooden tub ; an 
 
 outfit, as of tools, &c., or 
 
 that which contains it ; a 
 small violin. [cooking. 
 
 Kitch'en, n A room for 
 
 Kite, n. A rapacious bird of 
 the hawk kind ; a toy. 
 
 Kit'ten, n. The young of a 
 
 ' cat. 
 
 Kn^ck (n;1k), n. Dexterity. 
 
 Knap'sack (nap/-), n. A sol- 
 dier's sack. 
 
 Knave (nav), n. A rascal. 
 
 Knav'er-y (nav^-), n. Dis- 
 honesty ; petty villainy. 
 
 Knav'ish (nav^-), a. Dis- 
 honest; rascally. 
 
 Knead (need), v. t. To work 
 and mix with the hands. 
 
 Knee (nee), n. The joint be- 
 tween the leg and thigh. 
 
 Knee'-pan (nee^-), n. The 
 round bone of the knee. 
 
 Kneel (neel), v. i. [hvp. & p. 
 p. KNELT or KNEELED.] 
 To fall on the knees. 
 
 Knell (nel), n. Sound of a 
 bell, rung at a funeral or 
 death. 
 
 Knew (n\i),pret. of Knnw. 
 
 Knick'knack (nlk^ntlk), n. 
 A trifle or toy. 
 
 Knife (nlf, 20), n. An instru- 
 ment for cutting. 
 
 Knight (uit), n. A title. — 
 V. t. To dub a knight. 
 
 Knlght^-er'rant (nlt^-, 24), 
 n . A roving knight. 
 
 Knight'hdb'd ( mt' - ), n. The 
 dignity of a knight. 
 
 Knight'ly (nit'-), a. Pertain- 
 ing to or becoming a knight. 
 
 Knit (nit), v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 K.MT, KNITTED.] To Unite 
 as threads by means of 
 needles ; to join closely. 
 
 Knit'ting-nee^dle (nTt/-), n. 
 A needle used for knitting. 
 
 Kn6b(n6b),n. A knot; a 
 protuberance. 
 
 Kndck (nok, 5), v. i. or t. To 
 hit ; to strike ; to dash. — n. 
 A blow ; a dashing ; a rap. 
 
 Kn6ck'er (nok/er), n. A 
 hammer on a door. 
 
 Knoll (nol), n. A little hill. 
 
 Kn6t (not), n. A tie ; joint of 
 a plant. — v. t. To form 
 knots in. 
 
 Kn6t'ted I (not/-), a. Full of 
 
 Knot'ty j knots ; intricate. 
 
 Knout (nowt or rKTot), n. A 
 Ru'-siau instrument of pun- 
 ishment. 
 
 Know (no), t». t. [imp. knew ; 
 p. p. KNOWN.] To under- 
 stand ; to perceive ; to rec- 
 ognize. 
 
 Knowledge (noPej), n. Clear 
 perception ; information ; 
 cognizance ; learning. 
 
 Known (non), p. p. from 
 
 Kno2v. 
 
 Knuck'le (nQk/l), w. A joint 
 of the finger ; the knee- 
 joint of a calf. — V. i. To 
 submit in a contest. 
 
 Knurl (nQrl),w. A knot; a 
 hard substance. 
 
 Knurl'y (nOrl/-), a. Knotty. 
 
 Ko'ran, n. The Mohamme- 
 dan book of faith. 
 
 L. 
 
 LA (law), interj. Look ; 
 __ behold. 
 
 iia'bel, n. A slip of paper, 
 &c., containing a name or 
 title, fastened to any thing. 
 — v.t. (8) To affix a label 
 to. 
 
 La'bi-al, a. Pertaining to the 
 lips. — n. A letter uttered 
 with the lips. 
 
 La'bor (33), n. Work ; toil ; 
 
 travail. — v. i. or t. (8) To 
 work ; to toil. 
 
 Lab'o-ra-to-ry, n. A place 
 for chemical operations. 
 
 La'bor-er, n. A workman. 
 
 La-bo'ri-oiis, a. Diligent in 
 work ; i-e quiring labor. 
 
 LS,b'y-rinth, n. A place full 
 of windings. — Syn. Maze. 
 
 La-C (5), n. A resinous sub- 
 stance. 
 
 Lage (18), n. TTork composed 
 of fine threads. — v. t. To 
 fasten or trim with lace. 
 Lag'er-ate, v. t. To rend ; to 
 tear. [tearing ; a rent. 
 
 Lag/er-a'tion, n. Act of 
 Lag'er-a'tive, a. Tending to 
 tear. [tears. 
 La€h'ry-mal, a. Generating 
 La-eh'ry-ma-to-ry, n. A 
 vessel for collecting tears in. 
 
 i6n, or, do, wglf, tcTo, took; tirn, rije, pi.iU ; p, soft; €, g, hard; a§ ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
LACK 
 
 154 
 
 LAED 
 
 LS,ck, V. t. or i. To need. — 
 n. Want ; need ; failure. 
 
 Lack^a-dai'si^-al, a. Af- 
 fectedly pensive. 
 
 Lack'ey (19), n. A footman. 
 
 La-c6n'i«, la. Brief; 
 
 La-«6n'i€-al, ) pithy ; con- 
 cise. 
 
 La'€on-i§m, \n. A pithy 
 
 La-€6n'i-Qism, j phrase or 
 expression. 
 
 La-e'quer (k^k^er), v. t. To 
 varnish. — n, A kind of 
 varnish. 
 
 La€'te-al, a. Pertaining to 
 milk. — n. One of the ves- 
 sels of the body that convey 
 chyle. [milk. 
 
 La-e-tif er-ous, a. Conveying 
 
 Lad, n. A boy ; a young man. 
 
 L^d'der, n. A frame with 
 round steps ; gradual rise. 
 
 Lade, v. t. [imp. laded ; 
 
 p. p. LADED, LADEN.] To 
 
 load ; to throw out with a | 
 
 dipper. 
 LM'ing, n. Load ; cargo. 
 La'dle, n. A dipper with a 
 
 handle. 
 
 La'dy ( 19), n. A mistress ; a 
 well-bred woman ; a title of | 
 respect. [lady. 
 La'dy-ship (13),n. Title of a 
 Lag (7 ), V. i. To move slowly ; 
 to stay behind. — Syn. To 
 linger ; loiter ; delay. 
 La-gobn', n. A shallow lake. 
 La'i€, I CL. Pertaining to a 
 La^i-e-al, j layman, or to the 
 laity. 
 
 Laid (14), imp.hp.p. of Lay. 
 L?in, p. p. of Lie. 
 Lair, n. Couch of a wild 
 
 beast. [lord. 
 Laird, n. In Scotland , a ! 
 La'i-ty, n. The people, as 
 
 distinct from the clergy. 
 Lake, n. A body of water 
 
 surrounded by land. 
 L^mb (lam), n. A young j 
 
 sheep. — V. i. To bring 
 
 forth lambs. [the surface. 
 L3,m'bent, a. Playing over 
 Lamb'kin (liim^kin), n. A 
 
 > oung lamb. 
 Lame, a. Disabled in a limb ; 
 
 crippl<'d ; inircrfect. — v. t. 
 
 To make lame. 
 
 a,6,I,o, u,y,^ong-/ a.^:-, i,6,u 
 
 Lam'el-lar, ) a. Formed in 
 Lam'el-late, j thin plates. 
 Lame'ness, n. State of being 
 lame. 
 
 La-ment', v. t. or i. To 
 weep; to mourn. [ful. 
 Lam'ent-a-ble, a. Mourn- 
 Lam'ent-a-bly, adv. Mourn- 
 fully, [sion of sorrow. 
 Lam-'en-ta'tion, n. Expres- 
 Lam'i-na, n. (pi. Lam'i-nae, 
 25), A thin plate or scale 
 lying over another. 
 Lam'i-na^ted, a. Laminar. 
 Lam'mas (17), n. The first 
 
 day of August. 
 Lamp, a. A vessel with a 
 
 wick, for giving light. 
 Lamp'-black, n. A fine soot 
 from the smoke of resinous 
 substances. 
 Lam-pdbn', n. A personal 
 satire. — v. t. To abuse 
 with satire. [an eel. 
 
 I L^m'prey (19), n. A fish like 
 Lange, n. A long spear. — 
 V. t. To pierce with or as 
 with a lance. 
 Lan'get, n. A surgical in- 
 strument to let blood. 
 I Lanch, v. t. To cast ; to dart. 
 Land, n. Earth ; ground ; 
 country ; region ; soil ; an 
 estate. — ^^ t. To put on 
 shore. — v. i. To come or go 
 on shore. 
 Lan'dau (18), n. A kind of 
 coacli with a top to be 
 thrown back. 
 Land'ed, a. Having land; 
 
 consisting in land. 
 Land'-hokVer, n. An owner 
 
 of land. 
 Land'ins:,^. Place to land on. 
 ! Land'Ia-"dy, n. Mistress of 
 an inn or lodging-house; a 
 woman who owns houses 
 occupied by tenants. 
 Land'lccked (-lokt), p. a. 
 j Inclosed by land. 
 Land'lord, n. The lord of 
 land ; master of an inn or 
 lodging-house ; owner of 
 houses having tenants, 
 Land'mark, n. Mark of 
 bounds to land ; an elevated 
 object on land serving as a 
 guide. 
 
 Land'-of/fige, n. Office for 
 the disposal of public lands. 
 
 Land's-cape, n. A picture of 
 a portion of country. 
 
 Land'-slide, \n. A portion 
 
 Land'-slip, ) of land slid- 
 ing down a mountain. 
 
 Lands'man (21), n. One who 
 lives^ on the land ; a sailor 
 serving for the first time at 
 sea. 
 
 Lane, n. A narrow passage. 
 L^n'guage, n. Human 
 
 speech ; tongue ; dialect j 
 
 style or expression. 
 Lan'guid (liing/gwid), a. 
 
 Weak ; faint ; feeble. 
 Lan'guish, v. i. To droop ; 
 
 to become weak or dull. 
 Lan'guish-ment, n. State of 
 
 languishing. 
 Lan'guor (ISng-'gwor), n. 
 
 Faintness ; lassitude. 
 L5.nk, a. Loose or lax ; weak 
 
 and slender. 
 Lan'tern, n. A transparent 
 
 case for a candle, [of rope. 
 Lan'yard, n. A short piece 
 L^p(18), n. The loose part of 
 
 a coat ; part of a dress that 
 
 covers the knees. — v. t. ('{ ) 
 
 To lay over or on ; to lick. 
 Lap'-d6g, n. A small dog 
 
 fondled in the lap. 
 La-pel', n. Part of a coat 
 
 that laps over. 
 L^p'i-da-ry, n. A dealer in 
 
 precious stones. — a. Per- 
 taining to the art of cutting 
 
 stones. 
 
 Lap'pet, n. Part of a gar' 
 ment hanging loose. 
 
 Lapse, V. i. To slip ; to 
 slide ; to fall to another. — 
 n. A slip ; a fall. 
 
 LS-p'stone, n. Stone on which 
 shoemakers beat leather. 
 
 Lar'board (liir/burd), n. Left- 
 hand side of a ship when 
 facing the head. [theft. 
 
 Lar'ge-ny, n. Theft; petty 
 
 Larch, n. A de- 
 ciduous cone- 
 bearing tree. ^^^^L 
 
 Lard, n. The fat ^^^^^ 
 
 To stuff or mix ^^^^^ 
 with lard. Lurch. 
 
 , 5', short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
LAEDER 
 
 155 
 
 LEAFY 
 
 Lard'er, n. A place v?here 
 meat is kept. 
 
 Large, a- Of great size ; 
 bulky ; wide ; liberal. 
 
 Large'ly, adv. Extensively. 
 
 Large'ness, n. Great size. 
 
 Lar'gess, n. A gift ; a pres- 
 ent, [frolic. 
 
 Lark, n. A singing bird ; a 
 
 Lark'spur, n. A plant with 
 showy flowers. 
 
 Lar'va (25), n. An insect in 
 the caterpillar state. 
 
 Lar'ynx, n. The windpipe. 
 
 Las-Qiv'i-ous. a. Wanton ; 
 lewd ; lustful. 
 
 Lash (18), n. Thong of a 
 whip; a cut. — x\ t. To 
 strike with a lash ; to sati- 
 rize. 
 
 Lass (2), n. A young maiden. 
 
 Las'si-tude, n. Languor of 
 body ; weariness. 
 
 L3,s'so, n. (pi. Las'sos, 18). A 
 rope with a noose, for catch- 
 ing wild horses, &c. 
 
 Last, a. Latent ; hindmost. — 
 V. t. To continue; to form 
 
 . on or with a last. — adv. In 
 the last place. — n. A form 
 to shape a shoe on. 
 
 Last'ing, a. Continuing long ; 
 permanent ; durable. — n. 
 A durable kind of woolen 
 stuff. [place ; at last, 
 
 Last'ly, adv. In the last 
 
 Latch (18), n. A catch for a 
 door. — V. t. To fasten with 
 a latch. [a shoe. 
 
 Latch'et, n. A fastening for 
 
 Late, a. Coming after the 
 time. — adv. Ear in the day 
 or night ; long delayed. 
 
 Late'ly, adv. Not long ago. 
 
 La'tent, a. Hidden ; secret ; 
 concealed. 
 
 Lat'er-al, a. Pertaining to, 
 or proceeding from , the side. 
 
 Lath, n. (pi. Liiths.) A thin 
 strip of wood to support 
 plaster. — v. t. To cover 
 with laths. [chine. 
 
 Lathe, n. A turner's ma- 
 
 Lath'er, n. Froth of soap and 
 water. — v. t. To spread 
 with lather. 
 
 Lath'y, a. Thin as a lath. 
 
 Lat'in, a. Pertaining to the 
 
 Roman language. — n. The 
 ancient language of the 
 Romans. [Latm language. 
 Lat'in-ism, n. Idiom of the 
 La-tin'i^ty, n. Latin style. 
 L3.t'in-Ize, v. t. To turn into 
 Latin. 
 
 Lat'i -tilde, n. Distance from 
 the equator ; breadth. 
 
 L3,t^i-tiA'di-nal, a. In the di- 
 rection of latitude. 
 
 LS-t^i-tTi'di-na'ri-an, n. One 
 who indulges freedom in 
 thinking. — a. Unrestrained; 
 lax in religious views. 
 
 L3,t'ten, n. Iron plate cov- 
 ered with tin. 
 
 Lat'ter, a. The last of two. 
 
 Lat'ter-ly, ac/f. Of late. 
 
 Lat'tige, n. A kind of net- 
 work of cross bars. 
 
 Laud, n. Commendation ; 
 praise in worship. — v. t. 
 To praise ; to extol. 
 
 Laud'a-ble, a. Praiseworthy. 
 
 Lau'da-num, 71. Opium dis- 
 solved in spirit or wii:e. 
 
 Laud'a-to-ry, a. Containing 
 praise. 
 
 Laugh (lif ), V. i. To mani- 
 fest mirth by a chuckUug of 
 the voice. — n. An audible 
 expression of mirth. 
 
 Laugh'a-ble (laFa-bl), a. Ca- 
 pable of exciting laughter. 
 
 Laugh'ter (liif/ter), n. Con- 
 vulsive expression of mirth. 
 
 Launch (liinch), v. t. To 
 cause to slide into water ; to 
 dispatch; to throw. — n. 
 The sliding of a ship into 
 water. [woman. 
 
 Liiun'dress, n. A washer- 
 
 Laun'dry, n. A place where 
 clothes are washed. 
 
 Lau 're-ate, a. Invested with 
 a laurel wreath. 
 
 Lau'rel, n. An evergreen 
 shrub. 
 
 La'va, or La'va, n. Melted 
 matter flowing from a vol- 
 cano. 
 
 Lave, t'. t. To wash ; to bathe. 
 Lav'en-der,-n. An aromatic 
 
 plant. [ing. 
 La'ver, n. A vessel for wash- 
 Lav'ish, a. Expending with 
 
 wasteful profusion. — Syn 
 
 Prodigal ; wasteful. — v. t. 
 To expend profusely. 
 
 Law, n. Rule of action or 
 motion ; statute ; decree. 
 
 Law'ful(17), a. Conforma- 
 ble to law ; legal ; rightful. 
 
 Law'ful-ly, adv. Legally. 
 
 Law'-giv'er, n. A legislator. 
 
 Law'less, a. Not restrained 
 by, or contrary to, law. 
 
 Lawn, n. An open, grassy 
 space_; a sort of fine linen. 
 
 Law'suit, n. A process in 
 law ; an action. 
 
 Law'yer, n. One who is 
 versed in, or practices, law. 
 
 LS,x, a. Loose ; vague ; slack. 
 
 LSx'a-tive, a. Having the 
 quality of relieving costive- 
 ness. — n. A medicine that 
 relaxes the bowels. [ness. 
 
 Lax'i-ty, n. Slackness ; loose- 
 Lay, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 LAID.] To put ; to wager ; 
 to produce eggs. — n. A 
 song ; a stratum ; a row. — 
 a. Pertaining to the laity. 
 
 Lay'er, n. A stratum ; a 
 bed ; a sprig, [clergyman. 
 
 Lay 'man (21), rt. One not a 
 
 La'zar, n. A person with a 
 pestilential dii^ea.'-e. 
 
 Ldz'a-ret'to,7i. A pest-house 
 for diseased persons, [ner. 
 
 La'zi-ly, adv. In a lazy man- 
 
 La'zi-ness (13), n. Habitual 
 inaction ; sloth. 
 
 La'zy, a. Slothful ; sluggish. 
 
 Lea, n. A meadow : a plain. 
 
 Leach, v. t. To wash by per- 
 colation. — n. Wood-ashes 
 washed by percolation of 
 water. 
 
 Lead, n. A soft metal. — v. t. 
 To cover with lead. 
 
 Lead, v. t. or i. [imp. & p. p. 
 LED.] To go before ; to 
 guide. — n. Guidance ; di- 
 rection, [lead; dull. 
 
 Lead'en, a. Consisting of 
 
 Lead'er, n. One who leads. 
 
 Leaf (20), n. Part of a plant, 
 or something resembling it ; 
 part of a book ; one side of 
 a double door. — v. i. To 
 put forth leaves. 
 
 Leaflet, n. A little leaf. 
 
 Leafy, a. Full of leaves. 
 
 B6n, or, do, wglf, too, tdbk ; tirn, rye, p\UI ; f , ^, soft; €, g, hard; as ; epst ; q as ng ; this. 
 
LEAGUE 
 
 156 
 
 LENS 
 
 League (leeg), n. Alliance of 
 states ; three miles. — Syn. 
 Confederacy ; compact ; co- 
 alition. — V. i. To unite in 
 a confederacy. ' 
 
 Leak,n. A crack or hole that 
 admits a fluid to pass. — 
 V. i. To let a fluid in or out. 
 
 Leak'age, n. Allowance for 
 waste by leaking. 
 
 Leak'y, a. Letting a fluid 
 in or out. 
 
 Lean, a. Wanting flesh ; 
 thin; slender. — n. Flesh 
 without fat. — V. i. To in- 
 cline ; to bend. 
 
 Leap, V. i. To spring ; to 
 bound; to jump. — n. A 
 jump ; a bound ; a skip. 
 
 Leap'-year, n. Every fourth 
 year, which has one day 
 more than other years. 
 
 Learn, v. To gain knowledge 
 or skill. 
 
 Learn'ed, a. Having learning. 
 
 Learn'er, n. One who is ac- 
 quiring knowledge. 
 
 Learn'ing, n. Erudition ; 
 knowledge. 
 
 Lease, n. A letting for hire. 
 — V. t. To let for use by 
 hire. 
 
 Leash, n. A leather thong ; 
 three creatures of any kind ; 
 a band. 
 
 Least, a. Smallest. — adv. 
 
 In the smallest degree. 
 Leath'er, n. Hide of an ani- 
 mal dressed, and prepared 
 for use. [leather. 
 Leatii'ern, a. Made of 
 Leatii'er-y, a. Like leather. 
 Leave, n. Liberty granted ; 
 a parting visit. — SYN. 
 Permission; license. — v. t. 
 [imp. & p. p. LEFT.] To 
 quit ; to bequeath. 
 L^av'en (lev^n), n. A mass 
 of sour dough for making 
 othiT dough light. — v. t. 
 To raise and make light. 
 •T Leaves, n. pi. of Leaf. 
 \ Leav'ing§, n. pi. Things 
 left. [lewdness. 
 ■I L^.ch'er, n. A man given to 
 L'^.ch'er-OUS, a. Lustful. 
 Lech'er-y, n. Lewdness ; 
 _ free indulgence of lust. 
 
 Le-C'tion, n. A reading. 
 
 Le-et'ure, n. A di course ; a 
 formal reproof — v. To read 
 lectures ; to reprove, [ures. 
 
 Le€t'ur-er, n. One who lect- 
 
 Led,?>?7/). & p. p. of Lead.' 
 
 Ledge, n. A shelf ; a ridge of 
 rocks ; a sm-all molding. 
 
 Ledg'er, n. A chief book of 
 accounts. [wind. 
 
 Lee, n. Side opposite to the 
 
 Leech (18), n. A blood -suck- 
 ing worm ; a physician. 
 
 Leek, n. A plant with edible 
 leaves. 
 
 Leer, n. An oblique or affect- 
 ed look. —-y. i. (8) To look 
 obliquely. [of liquor. 
 
 Lees, n. pi. Dregs ; sediment 
 Lee'^shore, n. Shore toward 
 
 which the wind blows. 
 Lee'ward {rolloq., Ward), 
 
 adv. Toward the lee. 
 Lee' way, n. Movement to- 
 ward the lee. 
 Left, imp. & p. p. of Leave. 
 
 — a. Opposite to the right. 
 Left'-Mnciyed, a. IJnng the 
 
 left hand with most skill. 
 Leg, n. A limb to support the 
 
 body or other thing, [will. 
 Leg'a-gy, n. A bequest by 
 Le'gal,«. According to law ; 
 
 permitted by law. 
 Le-g5,l'i-ty, n. Lawfulness. 
 Le'gal-ize, v. t. To make 
 
 lawful ; to authorize. 
 Le'gal-ly, adv. According to 
 
 law. [or envoy. 
 
 Leg'ate, n. An embassador 
 Lgg^a-tee', n. One who haa 
 
 a legacy . 
 Le-ga'tion, n. An embassy ; 
 
 suite of an embassador. 
 Lgg^a-tor', n. One who be- 
 queaths or leaves a legacy. 
 Leg'-bail, v. A clandestine 
 
 running away ; flight. 
 Le'gend, or Leg'end, n. A 
 
 rtrmarkable story ; a motto. 
 Leg'end-a-ry, a. Traditional ; 
 
 fabulous. [of hand. 
 
 Le,g''er-de-main', n. Sleight 
 Leg'er-lme, n. {Music.) A 
 
 line above or under the 
 
 staff. 
 
 Leg'gin, )n.k covering for 
 Leg'ging, j the leg. 
 
 L6^/i-bil'i-ty, n. State of 
 
 being legible. 
 Leg'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being read. [be read. 
 
 Leg'i-bly, adv. So that it can 
 Le'gion,w. A body of foot- 
 
 soidiers : a multitude. 
 Leg'is-late, v. i. To make 
 laws. [making laws. 
 
 Leg''is-la'tion, n. Act of 
 Le^'is-la^'tive, a. Pertaining 
 
 to the enactment of laws. 
 L^g'is-la'tor, n. One who 
 
 makes laws ; a lawgiver. 
 Leg'is-la'ture, A body of 
 men having authority to 
 make laws. [ness. 
 Le-git'i-ma-Qy, n. Lawful- 
 Le-git'i-mate, a. Lawful ; 
 
 lawfully begotten, [lawful. 
 Le-git'i-mate, v.t. To make 
 Le-^it'i-ma'tion, »?. Act of 
 
 rendering legitimate. 
 Lgg'ume, or Le-giime', n. 
 A pod splitting into two 
 valves; (pi.) pul?e ; peas, 
 beans, &c. [ing of pulse. 
 Le-gu 'mi-nous, a. Consist- 
 Leig'ure {lE^zhijr), n. Free- 
 dom from occupation. — a. 
 deliberate ; slow. 
 Lei§'ure-ly, adv. Slowly. — 
 
 a. Deliberate ; slow. 
 Lem'on, v. An acid fruit and 
 
 the tree that bears it. 
 Lem'on-ade', n. W nter, sug- 
 ar, and lemon-juice mixed. 
 Lend, v. i. [in^p. & p. p. 
 LENT ] To grant on condi- 
 tion of receiving the thing 
 again or tin equivalent. 
 LSngth, n. Extent from end 
 
 to end : exten.^on. 
 Length'en (lengthen), v. To 
 
 make or grow longer. 
 Length'wige. adv. In di- 
 rection of the length. 
 LSngth'y.n. Somewhat long. 
 Le'ni-en-Qy, n. Mildness ; 
 
 lenity ; clemency. 
 L'?/ni-ent, a. Mild : merciful. 
 Len'i-tive, a. Mitigating ; 
 
 easing ; softening. 
 Len'i-ty, n. Mildness: mercy. 
 L6n§, n. A glass by which 
 rays of light are changed in 
 direction, and objects are 
 magnified and diminished. 
 
 5, e, 1, o, u, y , long; 5, e, i, 6, ii, y , short; cure, car, &sk, all, wh^t ; ere, vqU, term ; piaue, tirm ; 
 
LENT 
 
 157 
 
 LIEUTENANCY 
 
 L6nt, imp. & v. p. of Lend. 
 
 — n. Time of fasting forty 
 
 days before Easter. 
 LSn'til, n. A plant used as 
 
 food. 
 
 Le'o-nme, a. Having the 
 qualities of a lion. 
 
 L6op'ard (lep^-), 
 n. A spotted wild 
 beast of India 
 and Africa. 
 
 Lep'er, n. One Leopard, 
 who is infected with lepro.^y. 
 
 Lep'ro-sy, n. A cutaneous 
 disease, marked by scaly 
 spots. [leprosy. 
 
 LSp'rous, a. Infected with 
 
 Le'gion, n. A hurt ; an in- 
 jury ; a morbid change. 
 
 Less, ) a. Smaller ; not so 
 
 Less'er, ) large. 
 
 L§ss (2), adv. In a smaller 
 degree. n. A smaller por- 
 tion; the younger or inferior. 
 
 Les-see', n. One to whom a 
 lease is made. [ish. 
 
 LSss'en, v. i. or t. To dimin- 
 
 Lss'son, n. A portion of a 
 book to be read or learned ; 
 reproof ; rebuke, [a lease. 
 
 LSs'sor, n. One who grants 
 
 L§st, conj. For fear that. 
 
 Let, V. t. [imp. & p. p. LET.] 
 To give leave ; to permit ; to 
 allow ; to lease. — n. Hin- 
 drance ; delay. 
 
 Le-thar'gi€, a. Unnaturally 
 sleepy ; drows3\ 
 
 Leth'ar-gy, n. Morbid or un- 
 natural drowsiness. 
 
 Le'the, n. Oblivion ; death. 
 
 Le-the'an, a. Inducing sleep 
 or oblivion. 
 
 Let'ter, n. One who leases ; a 
 written message ; an epistle ; | 
 a printing type ; ( j>^. ) learn- 
 lug; literature. — v.t. To 
 stamp with letters. [type. 
 
 LSt'ter-press, n. Print from 
 
 Let'tuge (let^tis), n. A plant 
 used for salad. 
 
 Le-v^nt', n. The eastern 
 countries along the Mediter- 
 ranean. 
 
 Le-v3,n'tine, or L6v'an-tine, 
 n. A kind of silk cloth. 
 
 Lev'ee, n. Assembly of peo- 
 ple on a visit to a great per- 
 
 sonage ; bank of earth along 
 a river. 
 
 Lev'el, a. Even ; flat ; plain ; 
 
 — t'. /. (8) To make even. — 
 
 V. i. To aim. — n. A plain ; 
 
 a flat surface ; equality. 
 Le'ver, or 
 
 Lev ' er, 
 
 One of the 
 
 mechanical 
 
 powers. 
 
 Lever. 
 
 Lev'er-et,n. A young hare. 
 Le-vi'a-than, n. A large sea- 
 animal ; the whale. 
 Lev'i-gate, v. t. To reduce 
 
 to powder ; to polish. 
 Le'vite, n. One of the tribe 
 of Levi ; an attendant on a 
 Hebrew priest, [the Levites. 
 Le-vit'i-eal, a. Relating to 
 Lev'i-ty, n. Lightness ; want 
 of seriousness. — Syn. Vol- 
 atility ; flightiness. 
 Lev'y, V. t. To raise ; to col- 
 lect. — n. Act of raising 
 money or troops ; a small 
 coin worth 12^ cents. 
 Lewd (lad), a. Given to in- 
 dulgence of lust; licentious. 
 Lewd'ness, n. Unlawful in- 
 dulgence of lust ; lechery. 
 Lex^i-edg'ra-pher, n. The 
 
 writer of a dictionary. 
 Lex^i-eo-graph'i-e-al, a. Per- 
 taining to lexicography. 
 Lex/i-eog'ra-phy, n. The art 
 
 of composing dictionaries. 
 Lex'i-€on, n. A dictionary. 
 Li'a-ble, a. Exposed ; re- 
 sponsible ; subject. 
 Li^a-bil'l-ty, n. State of 
 being liable ; responsibility. 
 Li'ar,n. One who lies. [wine. 
 Li-ba'tion, n. An offering of 
 Li'bel, n. A defamatory writ- 
 ing ; a written statement of 
 the cause of a legal action 
 and of the relief sought, — v. 
 i . { 8 ) To defame by w riting ; 
 to proceed against by filing 
 a libel. 
 
 Li'bel-ant 1(8), w. One who 
 LPbel-lant ) brings a libel. 
 Li'bel-ous, 1 a. Defama- 
 Li'bel-lous, ) tory. 
 Lib'er-al, a. Free in giving ; 
 
 generous ; candid. 
 Lib^er-aPi-ty , n . G enerosity . 
 
 Lib'er-al-ize, v. t. To free 
 from narrow views. [ly. 
 
 Lib'er-al-ly, adv. Generous- 
 
 Lib'er-ate, v. t. To set free. 
 
 Lib^er-a'tion, n. A setting 
 free ; release. [sets free. 
 
 Lib'er-aaor, n. One who 
 
 Lib'er-tme, n. A dissolute 
 man. — a. Licentious. 
 
 Lib'er-ty, n. Freedom ; per- 
 mission ; immunity. 
 
 Li-bid'i-nous, a. Lustful. 
 
 Li-bra'ri-an, n. One who 
 has charge of a library. 
 
 Li'bra-ry, a. A collection of 
 books ; a place for books. 
 
 LI'brate, v. t. To balance. 
 
 Li-bra'tion, n. Act of bal- 
 
 Lige, p/. of LoMse. [ancing. 
 
 Li'gense, n. Permission ; 
 excess of liberty. — r. t. To 
 permit by legal warrant. 
 
 Li-ggn'ti-ate (-shi-at), n. One 
 who has a license to exercise 
 a profession. 
 
 Li-gen'tious (-sen^«?hus), a. 
 Loose in morals ; dissolute. 
 
 Li-gen'tioiis-ness, w. Con- 
 tempt of just restraint. 
 
 Li'€hen [or Mch'^n), n. A 
 cellular flowerless plant, of 
 a scaly form. 
 
 Lick (5), V. t. To pass over 
 with the tongue ; to lap. — 
 n. A stroke ; a blow ; a place 
 where beasts lick for salt. 
 
 Lick'er-ish, a. Nice ; deli- 
 cate ; dainty ; tempting. 
 
 Li€'or-ige, n. A plant, and 
 its sweet, medicinal root» 
 
 Lid, 71. A cover. 
 
 Lie (II), n. A false statement 
 uttered to deceive ; a false- 
 hood. — V. i. (12) To utter 
 falsehood to deceive. — v. t. 
 [imp. LAY ; p.p. LAIN.] To 
 rest horizontally ; to lean ; 
 to remain. 
 
 Lief, adv. Willingly. 
 
 Liege, a. Bound by feudal 
 tenure ; sovereign. — n. A 
 vassal ; a lord or superior. 
 
 Li'en (IS^en or IVen), n. A 
 legal claim. 
 
 Lieu (lu), 71. Stead; place. 
 
 Lieu-t6n'an-gy (lu- or lef-), 
 n. Office or commission of 
 a lieutenant. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, wglf, t<5"o, tdbk; firn, rye, pull ; 9, soft,- g, hard; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
LIEUTENANT 
 
 158 
 
 LIQUESCENT 
 
 Lieu-ten'ant (lu- or lef-), n. 
 A deputy ; an officer next 
 below a captain. {Li(^f' 
 
 Lieve, aiiv. Vvlllingly. See 
 
 Life (20), n. Yitality ; exist- 
 ence ; energy ; spirit ; ani- 
 mation ; conduct. 
 
 Life'-blood (-blud), n. Blood 
 necessary to life. 
 
 Life'-boat, n. A boat ren- 
 dered buoyant by air-tight 
 chambers, &c. [guard. 
 
 Life'-guard, n. A body- 
 
 Life'less, a. Without life, 
 spirit, or energy. — SYN. 
 Dull ; inanimate ; dead. 
 
 Lift, V. t. To raise ; to ele- 
 vate ; to exalt. — n. Act of 
 raising ; that which is to be 
 raised. 
 
 Lig'a-ment, n. Any thing 
 
 which ties or unites. 
 Li-ga'tion, n. Act of binding. 
 Lig'a-ture, n. A band or 
 bandage ; two or more letters 
 united, as ffi,. 
 Light (lit), 71. That by which 
 we see ; illumination ; illus- 
 tration ; a candle, &c. ; day- 
 time. — a. Bright; clear; 
 nimble ; not heavy. — v. t. 
 To illuminate ; to kindle. — 
 V. i. To come by chance ; 
 to dismount. 
 Lighten (ITt^n), v. i. To 
 flash with light ; to grow 
 less dark. — i'. t. To make 
 light ; to alleviate. 
 LIght'er (lit/-), n. One who 
 lights ; a largo open boat for 
 unloading vessels. 
 Light '-head^ed (lit/-), a. De- 
 lirious ; volatile. 
 LIght'-heart'ed (Ht^-), a. 
 
 Cheerful; gay. 
 LIght'-horse (lit'-), n. Light- 
 armed cavalry. 
 Light'-house (ITt^-), n. A 
 tower with a light to direct 
 seamen. 
 Light'ly Nimbly; 
 
 with levity ; easily. 
 LlghV-mlnd'ed (Ht^-), a. 
 
 Volatile ; unsteady. 
 LIght'ness (nt/-),n. Bright- 
 ness ; want of weight ; levity. 
 LIght'ning (lit'-), n. A flash 
 of electricity. 
 
 Lights (lits), n. pL Lungs. 
 Lig'ne-ous, a. Wooden ; re- 
 sembling wood. 
 Lig''num-vi'tse, n. A hard 
 wood, used for wheels, &c. 
 
 Like, a. Equal ; similar ; 
 probable. — n. That which 
 resembles. — adv. In the 
 same manner. — v. t. To be 
 moderately pleased with ; to 
 approve; to relish; to enjoy. 
 
 Like'li-hdbd, n. Probability. 
 
 LIke'ly, a. Probable. — adv. 
 Probably. 
 
 LIk'en, V. t. To represent 
 as like; to compare. 
 
 LIke'ness, n. .Resemblance. 
 
 Like'wise, adv. In like man- 
 ner; moreover; also. 
 
 Lik'ing (11), n. Inclination; 
 pleasure ; desire. 
 
 LI'la-c, M. A flowering shrub. 
 
 Lil^i-pu'tian, a. Diminutive. 
 
 Lil'y, n. A beautiful flower. 
 
 Limb (lim ), n. An extremity 
 of the body ; a branch of a 
 tree ; an edge. 
 
 Lim'ber, a. Easily bent; 
 flexible; pliant. 
 
 Lime, n. A calcareous earth. 
 
 Lim'bo (18), n. The borders 
 of hell ; a place of restraint. 
 
 Lime'-kiln (-kil), n. A kiln 
 for burning Ume. [stone. 
 
 LIme'-stone,n. A calcareous 
 
 Lim'it, n. A bound ; border. 
 — V. t. To set bounds to; 
 to confine within certain 
 bounds. 
 
 Lim/it-a'tion, n. Act of lim- 
 iting ; that which hmita ; 
 restriction. [infinite. 
 
 Lim'it-less, a. Without limit ; 
 
 Limn (lim), -y. To draw or 
 paint. [painter. 
 
 Lim'ner, n. A portrait- 
 Limp, v.i. To walk lamely. 
 
 Lim'pet, n. A small shell- 
 fish. [<int. 
 
 Lim'pid, a. Pure; transpar- 
 
 Limp'sy, a. Weak ; flexible. 
 
 Linch'-pin, n. A pin to keep 
 a wheel on the axletree. 
 
 Lin'den, n. A kind of shade- 
 tree. 
 
 Line, n. A string or chord ; 
 an extended mark ; a row- 
 er rank ; a course ; busi- 
 
 ness ; a verse ; a limit ; the 
 equator ; the twelfth of an 
 inch. — V. t. To cover or 
 put on the inside of. [scent. 
 Lin'e-age, n. A race; de- 
 Lin'e-al, a. Composed of 
 lines ; descending in a direct 
 line. [line. 
 Lin'e-al-ly, adv. In a direct 
 Lin'e-a-ment, n. Outline ; 
 
 feature. 
 Lin'e-ar, a. Pertaining to, or 
 
 consisting of, lines. 
 Lin'en, a. Made of flax or 
 hemp. — n. Cloth of flax or 
 hemp. 
 
 Lin'en-dra^per, n. One who 
 deals in linen. 
 
 LiQ'ger, r. t. To remain 
 long ; to delay ; to loiter. 
 
 Lin'ger-ing, a. Slow; tardy. 
 
 Lin'gual (ling/gwal), a. Per- 
 taining to the tongue. 
 
 Lin'guist (ling/gwist), n. One 
 skilled in languages. 
 
 Lin-guist'i€, a. Relating to 
 the affinities of languages. 
 
 Lin'i-ment, n. A soft oint- 
 ment, [inner surface. 
 
 Linking, n. Covering of any 
 
 Link, n. One of the parts of 
 a'chain; a torch. — v.t. To 
 connect by links. 
 
 Lin'stock, n. A cannoneer's 
 staff to hold a match. 
 
 Lin'net, n. A small song- 
 bird. 
 
 Lin'seed, n. Seed of flax. 
 Lint, n. Soft scrapings of 
 linen. 
 
 Lin'tel, n. Upper horizontal 
 part of a door-frame, &c. 
 
 LPon, n. A ra- 
 pacious quad- ! 
 ruped of Asia 
 and Africa. 
 
 LI'on-ess, n. A 
 female lion. 
 
 Lip, n. Border 
 of the mouth ; 
 thing. 
 
 Lipped (lipt), a. Having lips. 
 Liq^ue-fa-e'tion, n. Act of 
 
 melting. [liquefies. 
 Liq'ue-fl^er, n. One who 
 Liq'ue-fy (-we-), v.t. or I 
 
 melt ; to dissolve. 
 Li-qu6s'Qent, a. Dissolving. 
 
 To 
 
 i a, §, I, 0, u, y, long / e, I, 6, Q, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^t ; ere, Tfiil, t5rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
LIQUID 
 
 159 
 
 LOFT 
 
 Liq'uid (ITk'wid), a. Flowftig ; 
 liuid. — n. A tiowiug sub- 
 stance. 
 
 Liq'uid-ate, v. t. To adjust ; 
 
 to pay. [liquidating. 
 Liq^uid-a'tion, n Act of 
 Li-quid'i-ty, j n. Quality of 
 Liq'uid-ness, ) being liquid. 
 Liq'uor (lik'ur), n. A liquid; 
 
 strong drink. 
 Lisp, V. i. To sound 5 and z as 
 ih ; to speak imperfectly. — 
 n. A defective articula- 
 tion. 
 
 List, V. t. To enroll for sery- 
 ice. — V. i. To hearken ; 
 to attend to. — n. A roll; 
 a strip of cloth. 
 
 List'el, n. (Arch.) A fillet; a 
 little squ.are molding. 
 
 List'en (ITs^n), v. i. To hear 
 watchfully ; to attend to. 
 
 List'en-er (lis/n-), n. One 
 Avho listens. 
 
 List'less, a. Heedless; care- 
 less ; indiiferent. 
 
 Lit'a-ny, n. A solemn form 
 of supplication and prayer. 
 
 Lit'er-al, a. Word for word. 
 
 Lit'er-al-ly, adv. With strict 
 adherence to words. 
 
 Lit'er-a-ry, a. Eelating to 
 literature. [men. 
 
 LiVer-a'ti, n. pi. Literary 
 
 Lit'er-a-ture, n. Acquaint- 
 ance with books ; . literary 
 productions. [lead. 
 
 Lith'arge, n. An oxide of 
 
 Lltiie, a. Easy to be bent ; 
 pliant ; flexible ; limber. 
 
 Lith'o-graph, n. A print 
 from a drawing on stone. — 
 V. t. To print from a draw- 
 ing on stone. 
 
 Li-th6g'ra-pher, n. One who 
 practices lithography. 
 
 Lith/Q-graph'i-c, a. Pertain- 
 ing to lithography. 
 
 Li-th6g'ra-phy , n. The art 
 
 . of printing on stone. 
 
 Li-th6t'o-my, n. The oper- 
 ation of cutting for the 
 stone in the bladder. 
 
 Lit'i-gant, n. One engaged 
 in a lawsuit. [a lawsuit. 
 
 Lit'i-gate, v. To contest by 
 
 Lit^i-ga'tion, n. Contention 
 in law. 
 
 Li-ti^'ious (-tij/us), a. In- 
 clined to go to law. 
 Lifter, V. t. To bring forth ; 
 
 to strew with scraps. — n. 
 
 A carriage with a bed in it ; 
 
 a brood of pigs ; loose matr 
 
 ter strewed about. 
 Lit'tle, rt. Small; not much. 
 
 — n. A small quantity, 
 
 amount, or space, &c. — 
 
 adv. In a small degree. 
 Lit'tle-ness, n. Smailness; 
 
 meanness. 
 Li-tur'gi€-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to a liturgy. 
 Lit'ur-gy, n. A formulary 
 
 of prayers ; a ritual. 
 Live (llv), V. i. To have life ; 
 
 to pass one's time ; to abide ; 
 
 to dwell ; to last ; to feed. 
 Live, a. Ilavinglife; active. 
 Live'li-hdbd, n. Means of 
 
 living. 
 
 LIve'li-ness,«. Sprightliness. 
 
 Live'long, a. Long in passing. 
 
 Live'ly, a. Living; brisk.— 
 adv. In a brisk manner. 
 
 Liv'er, n. One who lives ; an 
 organ which secretes bile. 
 
 Liv'er-y, n. A giving of pos- 
 session ; peculiar dress of 
 servants. 
 
 Live§, n. pi. of Life. 
 
 Live'-stdck, n. Cattle ; 
 horses, &c. [bruise. 
 
 Liv'id, a. Discolored by a 
 
 Liv'ing, n. Subsistence ; sup- 
 port ; benefice. 
 
 Liz'ard, n. A 
 kind of reptile. 
 
 JjO, interj. Look I 
 see I behold I 
 
 L5ad, n. That 
 which is car- 
 ried ; weight ; encumbrance. 
 V. t. [imp. LOADED; p. p. 
 LOADED, LOADEN.] To 
 burden ; to freight ; to 
 charge. 
 
 Load'star, n. The pole-star. 
 Load'stone, n. An ore of 
 
 iron ; a native magnet. 
 Loaf (20), n. A quantity or 
 
 mass of bread. 
 Loafer, n. A low idler. 
 Loam, n. A rich, friable soil. 
 Loam'y, a. Consisting of, or 
 
 like, loam. 
 
 Lizard. 
 
 Loan, n. Act of lending ; the 
 
 thing lent. — v. t. To lend. 
 Lcath. See Loth. 
 Loathe, v. t. To hate ; to be 
 
 disgusted hy. [gust. 
 L5atii's6me, a. Exciting dis- 
 L6ave§, n. pi. of Loaf. 
 Lob, V. t. To let fall henvily. 
 Lob'by, 71. An anteroom ; a 
 
 small hall or waiting room. 
 Lobe, n. A roundish part, as 
 
 of the lungs, and of the ear. 
 L6b'ster, n. A crustaceous 
 
 fish. [place. 
 Lo'-cal, a. Pertaining to a 
 Lo-c3,Pi-ty, n. Existence in 
 
 a place; situation; place. 
 Lo'-eal-ly, adv. With respect 
 
 to place ; in place. [set. 
 Lo'-cate, v. t. To place or 
 Lo-ea'tion, n. The act of 
 
 placing; position. 
 Lo-eh (lok), n. A lake ; a bay 
 
 or arm of the sea. 
 Lock, n. Fastening for a door, 
 
 &c. ; part of a gun ; tuft of 
 
 hair ; works to confine water 
 
 in a canal. — v. t. To fasten 
 
 with a lock ; to embrace 
 
 closely. 
 
 Lock'a^e, n. Materials . for 
 canal locks ; toll for passing 
 a lock. 
 
 Lock'er. n. A drawer or close 
 place fastened by a lock. 
 
 L6ck'et, n. A catch ; a small 
 ornan>.ental picture-case. 
 
 Lock'-smith, n, A maker of 
 locks. 
 
 Lo^^o-mo'tion, n. Act of 
 
 moving from place to place. 
 Lo^-eo-mo'tive, a. Having 
 
 povrer to change place. — n. 
 
 A steam engine on wheels. 
 Lo'-eust,7i. A jumping insect, 
 
 like the grasshopper ; a tree. 
 L6de,n. A metallic or other 
 
 vein ; a cut or reach of 
 
 water 
 
 Lodge, n. A small house ; an 
 
 associiftion. — v. t. or t. To 
 
 rest at night. 
 L6dg'er, n. One who lodges. 
 Lodg'ing, n. A place of rest 
 L6dg'ment (10), n. Act of 
 
 lodging; position secured by 
 
 assailants. 
 Loft, n. An elevated floor. 
 
 s6n, or, dft, wglf, tiSo, tobk ; fim, rue, pyil ; 5, soft ; €, g, hard; a§ ; e^ist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
LOFTILY 
 
 160 
 
 LOWLY 
 
 L5ft'i-ly, adv. In a lofty 
 
 manner or position. 
 L6ft'i-ness, n. Altitude ; 
 
 haughtiness ; pride. 
 L6ft'y, a. Elevated; high; 
 
 proud; stately. 
 L6g, n. A bulky piece of 
 
 wood ; apparatus to measure 
 
 the rate of a ship's motion. 
 Log^a-rith'mi-e, } a, Per- 
 Log'a-rith'mi€-al, j taining 
 
 to logarithms. 
 Log'a-rithm, n. An auxiliary 
 
 number to abridge mathe- 
 matical calculations. 
 LSg'-bdbk, n. Register of a 
 
 ship's way. 
 L6g'ger-h6ad, n. A dunce. 
 L5g'i€ (5), n. Art of reason- 
 ing, [logic. 
 Log'ic-al, a. According to 
 L5g'i-c-al-ly,a'iy. According 
 
 to the rules of logic. 
 Lo-gPcian (-jish/an), n. A 
 
 person versed in logic. 
 Lo-gom'a-ehy, n. A war of 
 
 words. [in dyeing. 
 
 LSg'wdbd, n. A wood used 
 Loin, n. Part of an animal 
 
 just above the hip ; reins. 
 Loi'ter, v. i. To linger on 
 
 the way. — Syn. To lag; 
 
 linger ; sa*unter. 
 L511 ( i- To lie at ease. — 
 
 V. t. To thrust out, as the 
 
 tongue. 
 Lone, a. Single; solitary. 
 Lone'li-ness, n. SoUtude; 
 
 want of company. 
 Lone'ly, a. Solitary ; retired. 
 Lone'some, a. Secluded from 
 
 society ; wanting company. 
 L6ng, a. Extended ; pro- 
 tracted ; tedious. — adv. To 
 
 a great extent. — v. i. To 
 
 desire earnestly. 
 Longe (Itinj), n. A thrust. 
 Lon-gev'i-ty, n. Length of 
 
 life. [sire; eager wish. 
 
 L5n^'ing, n. An earnest de- 
 L6n'gi-tude, n. Distance 
 
 from east to west; length. 
 L6n'^i tu'di-nal, a. Being 
 
 in the direction of the 
 
 length. 
 
 L6ng-suf'fer-ing, n. Pa- 
 tience, [prolix. 
 L6ng-wmd'ed, a. Tedious ; 
 
 Lob, n. A game at cards. 
 Look, V. i. To behold ; to ap- 
 pear ; to search ; to watch. 
 
 — 71. Cast of countenance ; 
 appearance ; view. 
 
 L(5bk'ing-glass, n. A glass 
 that reflects images ; a mir- 
 ror. 
 
 Ldbm, n. A weaver's frame. 
 
 — V. i. To appear above 
 the surface, as a distant ob- 
 ject. 
 
 Loon, n. A simple fellow ; 
 
 a kind of bird. [or string. 
 Loop, n. A noose in a rope 
 Ldbp'-hole, n. A small open- 
 ing in a wall ; means of es- 
 cape. 
 
 Loose, V. t. To untie ; to re- 
 lease ; to open. — v. i. To 
 set sail. — a. Unbound ; 
 wanton. [wantonly. 
 Loose'ly, adv. Negligently ; 
 Loos'en (loosen), v. t. To 
 make loose ; to relax, [flux. 
 Lobse'ness, n. Freedom ; 
 Lop, V. t. To cut short. 
 Lo-qua'cioiis, a. Addicted to 
 talking; talkative. [ness. 
 Lo-quag'i-ty, n. Talkative- 
 Lord, n. A master; ruler; 
 nobleman ; God. — v. i. To 
 domineer ; to rule despotic- 
 ally. 
 
 Lord'li-ness, n. Haughtiness. 
 
 Lord 'ling, n. A petty lord. 
 
 Lorcl'ly, a. Proud ; haughty. 
 
 Lord 'ship, n. Dominion ; a 
 
 title given to a lord. 
 .Lore, n. Learning; knowl- 
 edge ; erudition. 
 
 Lorgnette (lorn-ySt''), n. An 
 opera-gla?;s. 
 
 Lp§e (hroz), V. t. [imp. & p. 
 p. LOST.] To suffer loss ; 
 to miss ; to let slip. — v. i. 
 Not to win ; to incur a for- 
 feit. 
 
 L6ss, n. Privation ; destruc- 
 tion or ruin ; waste. 
 
 Lost, imp. 8c p. p. of Lose. 
 
 Lot, n. Hazard; fortune; 
 state ; portion ; share ; 
 chance; afield. — v. t. To 
 allot ; to share. 
 
 Loth, a. Unwilling ; reluc- 
 tant, [wash. 
 
 Lo'tion, n. A medicinal 
 
 Lot'ter-y, n. A distribution 
 of prizes by lot or chance. 
 Loud, a. Noisy ; boisterous ; 
 
 vociferous. [orously. 
 Loud'ly, adv. Noisily ; clam- 
 Lough (lok), n. A lake. 
 Lounge, v. i. To spend time 
 
 lazily ; to loiter ; to loll. 
 Loung'er, n. An idle person. 
 Louse (21), n. An insect. 
 Lout,, n. An awkward per- 
 son, [of love. 
 Lov'a-hle (11), a. Deserving 
 Lov'age, n. An aromatic 
 plant. 
 
 L6ve (IQv), V. t. To regard 
 with affection. — n. An af- 
 fection excited by beauty, or 
 whatever is pleasing. — Syn. 
 Attachment ; fondness. 
 
 Love '-feast, n. A religious 
 festival. 
 
 L6ve'-kn6t (mv'not), n. A 
 knot emblematical of love. 
 
 Love'-leVter, n. A letter of 
 courtship. 
 
 L6ve'li-ness, n. Qualities 
 that excite love ; gentle 
 beauty. [amiable. 
 
 Love'ly, a. Worthy of love ; 
 
 Lov'er, n. One who loves. 
 
 Love'-sick, a. Languishing 
 through love. 
 
 L6ve'-s6ng, n. A song ex- 
 pressing love, [or kindness. 
 
 Lov'ing, a. Expressing love 
 
 Lov'ing-kTnd/ness, n. Ten- 
 der regard ; mercy ; favor. 
 
 Low, a. Deep; not high; 
 humble ; poor ; cheap ; 
 mean. — adv. With a low 
 voice ; cheaply. — r. i. To 
 bellow as an ox. 
 
 Low'-brSd, a. Bred in low 
 condition ; vulgar ; rude. 
 
 Low'er (lo^er), v. t. or i. To 
 let down ; to sink. 
 
 Low'er (louder), v.i. To ap- 
 pear dark ; to threaten. 
 
 Low'er-most, a. Lowest j 
 deepest. 
 
 Low'er-y (lou'er-5^), d. 
 Cloudy ; threatening rain. 
 
 Low'land, n. Land low and 
 flat ; a low, level country. 
 
 Low'li-ness, n. State of be- 
 ing low or lowly ; humility. 
 
 Low'ly, a. Humble ; meek ; 
 
 a, e, T, 5, u, y, long ; S, e, !, 6, ii, j^, short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^t ; Ore, vgil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
LOWNESS 
 
 mean. — adv. Humbly ; 
 meekly. 
 
 Low'ness, n. Depression. 
 
 Low-spir'it-ed, a. Dejected. 
 
 Low'-wine§, n. pi. The first 
 run of the still. 
 
 Loy'al, a. Faithful to the 
 lawful government, to a 
 lover, or to a friend. 
 
 Loy'al-ly, adv. With fidelity. 
 
 Loy'al-ty, n. Fidelity. 
 
 Loz'enge, n. A rhomb ; 
 a diamond-shaped fig- 
 ure ; a small cake of 
 sugar. 
 
 Lub'ber, n. A heavy, 
 lazy fellow ; a gawky. Loz- 
 
 Lub'ber-ly, a. Bulky ; enge. 
 lazy ; awkward. 
 
 Lu'bri-eate, v. t. To make 
 smooth or slippery. 
 
 Lu-briQ'i-ty, n. Smoothness. 
 
 Lu'bri-eous, a. Slippery. 
 
 Lu'gid, a. Clear ; shining ; 
 transparent. 
 
 Lu'Qid-ness, n. Clearness ; 
 transparency. 
 
 Lu'gi-fer, n. The planet Ve- 
 nus when morning star ; 
 Satan. 
 
 Luck 'less, a. Unfortunate. 
 
 Luck (5), n. Chance; acci- 
 dent ; fortune ; fate. 
 
 Luck'i-ly, adv. By good 
 chance; fortunately. 
 
 Luck'y, a. Fortunate ; fa- 
 vored by luck. 
 
 Lu'-era-tive, a. Profitable; 
 gainful. [gain. 
 
 Lu'€re(lu^ker,29), n. Profit; 
 
 Lu'€u-brate, v. i. To study 
 by candle light or a lamp. 
 
 Lu^^u-bra'tion, n. Noctur- 
 nal study. 
 
 Lu'€u-lent, a. Clear ; bright ; 
 evident. 
 
 Lu'di-€rous, a. Exciting 
 laughter. — Syn. Laugh- 
 able ; ridiculous. 
 
 Lu'di-erous-ly, adv. In a 
 ludicrous manner. 
 
 Luff(l), n. Sideof a ship to- 
 ward the wind. — v. i. To 
 turn the head of a ship to- 
 ward the wind. 
 
 Lug, V. t. To carry with 
 labor. — n. A heavy load; 
 a kind of sail. 
 
 IGl 
 
 Lug'ga^e, n. A traveler's 
 
 trunks, &c. 
 Lu-gu'bri-ous, a. Mourn- 
 ful, [warm ; indifferent. 
 Luke'warm, a. Moderately 
 Luke'warm-ness, n. Want 
 of zeal ; indillerence. 
 
 Lull (1),^'. t. or i. To put to 
 rest ; to quiet ; to subside. 
 
 Lull'a-by, n. A Bong to quiet 
 infants. 
 
 Lum-ba'go, n. A rheumatic 
 pain in the small of the 
 back. [the loins. 
 
 Lum'bar, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Lum'ber, n. Things useless 
 and cumbrous ; sawed tim- 
 ber. — V. t. To heap care- 
 lessly together. 
 
 Lum'ber-rdbm, n. A place 
 for useless things. 
 
 Lu'mi-na-ry, n. Any body 
 that gives light. 
 
 Lu'mi-nous, a. Shining ; 
 bright; light; clear. 
 
 Lump, n. A small, shapeless 
 mass. — V. t. To throw into 
 a mass ; to take in the gross. 
 
 Liimp'ish, a. Bulky ; stupid. 
 
 Lump'y,a. Full of lumps. 
 
 Lu'na-gy, n. Mental derange- 
 ment ; madness in "general. 
 
 Lu'nar, ) a. Pertaining to 
 
 Lu'na-ry, ) the moon. 
 
 Lu-na'ri-an n. An inhabi- 
 tant of the moon. 
 
 Lu'na-ti-e, a. Affected with 
 lunacy. — n. A person whose 
 insanity is supposed to be 
 influenced by the moon. 
 
 Lu-na'tion, n. Revolution of 
 the moon about the earth. 
 
 Lunch, M. Food taken be- 
 tween breakfast and dinner ; 
 an eating-house. 
 
 Liinch'eoii (-un), n. Food 
 taken between any meals. 
 
 Lu-nette', n. A detached 
 bastion. 
 
 Lung,n. Organ of respiration 
 in air-breathing animals. 
 
 Lunge, n. A sudden thrust. 
 
 Lu'nil-lar, ) a. Shaped like 
 
 Lu'nii-late, ) a new moon. 
 
 Lu'pihe, n. A plant with 
 sho\iy flowers. 
 
 Lurch, n. A sudden roll of a 
 ship ; deserted condition. — 
 
 fl6n, or, do, W9lf, too, to^ ; firn, rjje, piill ; 9, soft; e, g, hard; ; exist ; 
 
 LUXURIOUSLY 
 
 V. i. To roll to one sidej 
 to dodge ; to play tricks. 
 
 Lure, n. That which allures. 
 — V. t. To entice ; to attract. 
 
 Lu'rid, a. Gloomy ; dismal. 
 
 Lfirk, V. t. To he close or oufc 
 of sight. [place. 
 
 Lurk'ing-plage, n. A hiding* 
 
 Lus'cioiis {lQsh/us),a. Sweet 
 or rich, so as to cloy. 
 
 Lust, n. Carnal appetite. — 
 V. i. To desire eagerly or 
 improperly. 
 
 Liis'ter I (29), n. Brightness ; 
 
 Lus'tre ) a kind of lamp. 
 
 Lust'ful, a. Having irregular 
 or evil desires. [ly. 
 
 Lust'i-ly, adv. Stoutly ; bold- 
 
 Lus'tral, a. Used in, or per- 
 taining to, purification. 
 
 Lus'trate, v.t. To purify. 
 
 Lus-tra'tion, n. Purification. 
 
 Liis'tring, n. A kind of glossy 
 silk cloth. 
 
 Lus'trous, a. Bright; shin- 
 ing ; luminous. 
 
 Lust'y, a. Able of body ; full 
 of vigor ; hearty ; robust. 
 
 Lute, n. Instru- 
 ment of music ; 
 a composition re- 
 sembling clay. 
 
 Lute'string, n.' 
 String of a lute ; 
 a plain, stout 
 kind of silk. 
 
 Lu^ther-an, a. Pertaining to 
 Luther. [dow. 
 
 Lii'them, n. A dormer- win- 
 
 Liix'ate, v. t. To dislocate. 
 
 Lux-a'tion, n. Dislocation of 
 a joint. 
 
 Lux-u'ri-ange (lugz-yy'- or 
 luks-yi;-'-), n. Rank'^or vig- 
 orous growth ; exuberance. 
 
 Lux-u'ri-ant (lugz-yij'^- or 
 luks-yy/-), a. Exuberant in 
 growth. 
 
 Lux-u'ri-ate (lugz-yij^- or 
 luks-yi)/-), V. i. To grow ex- 
 uberantly ; to live luxurious- 
 ly ; to delight exceedingly. 
 
 Lux-u'ri-oiis (lugz-yij/- or 
 luks-yii/-), a. Given to lux- 
 ury ; voluptuous. 
 
 Lux-u'ri-ous-ly (lugz- or 
 Inks-), adv. Voluptuously ; 
 exuberantly. 
 
 Q as Dg ; tiiis. 
 
LUXURY 
 
 Lux'u-ry {l«k/shi]-ry), n, ' 
 Excess in eating, or dress, 
 &c. — Syn. Yoluptuous- 
 ness ; effeminacy ; sensual- 
 ity ; delicacy. 
 
 Ly-Qe'um, n. An association 
 for litei-ary improvement, or 
 the place where it meets ; a 
 seminary. 
 
 1G2 
 
 Lye, n. A solution of alkaline 
 salt. 
 
 Lymph, n. A certain color- 
 less animal fluid. 
 
 Lym-phat'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 to lymph. — n. A vein-like 
 vessel, in vertebrate ani- 
 mals, containing a trans- 
 parent fluid. 
 
 MAGNIFIEil 
 
 L^nx, n, A wild animal, 
 
 much like a cat. 
 Lyre, n. A stringed ' 
 
 instrument of mu- 
 
 Lyr'i-e, ) a. Per- 
 Lyr'i-e-al, ) taining 
 
 to a lyre, — n. 
 
 song. 
 
 Lyre. 
 
 M. 
 
 MA-G-AD'AM-IZE, v. t. 
 To form or cover, as a 
 road, with small, broken 
 stones. 
 
 Ma-C''a-ro'ni, n. A food made 
 of paste ; a fop ; an exqui- 
 site. 
 
 Ma,€^a-r6n'i€,n. Relating to, 
 
 or like, a macaroni. 
 Ma€'€a-boy, n. Rose-fla- 
 vored snuff. 
 Ma-eaw', n. A 
 bird'allied to the 
 parrots. 
 Mage, n. An en- 
 sign of authori- 
 ty ; a kind of 
 spice. 
 MaQ'er-ate, r. t. 
 
 lean ; to steep till very soft. 
 MaQ^cr-a'tion, n. Act of 
 Eialdng lean, or of steeping 
 till very soft. [to plot. 
 
 Ma-ch'i-nate, v. t. To plan ; 
 Ma-eh^i-naaion, n. A hos- 
 tile or treacherous scheme. 
 — Syn. Plot ; contrivance ; 
 strjitagem ; intrigue. 
 Ma-Qhine' (-shcenO, An 
 engine ; a piece of mechan- 
 ism. 
 
 Ma-ghin'er-y, n. Works of a 
 machine ; machines collect- 
 ively, [of machines. 
 
 Ma-Qhm'ist,n. A constructor 
 
 Mack'cr-el, «. A sea-fish 
 much used for food. 
 
 Mri'-cro-€6§m, or MS,€'-cro- 
 ■C6§m,ri. The universie. 
 
 M^d, n. Disordered; crazy ; 
 enraged; angry. 
 
 Mad 'am, n. A form of ad- 
 dress to a lady. 
 Mad'-eap, n. A rash, hot- 
 headed fellow. [come bad. 
 Mad'den, v. To make or be- 
 Mad'der, n. A plant used for 
 
 dyeing red. 
 Made_, imp. & p.p. of Make. 
 Ma-dei'ra {or -da/ra), n. A 
 
 wine made in Madeira. 
 Mad'house, n. A house 
 where crazy persons are con- 
 lined. 
 
 Mad'ly , adv. In a mad way. 
 MS,d'man,n. An insaneman. 
 Mad'ness, n. State of being 
 
 mad ; extreme folly. 
 Ma-don'na, 71. The Tirgin 
 Mary or her picture, [corals. 
 Mad're-pore, n. A genus of 
 Mad'ri-gal, n. An elaborate 
 vocal composition in parts. 
 Mag-a-zine' (-zeen^, n. A 
 storehouse ; a pamphlet pe- 
 riodically published. 
 Mag'got, n. A worm from 
 
 wliich a fly is produced. 
 Mag'got-y, ff. I'ull of mag- 
 gots ; whimsical. 
 Ma'gi, n. pi. Eastern phi- 
 losophers. 
 Ma'gi-an, n. An Eastern 
 
 philosopher or sage. 
 Mag'i€ (5), n. A dealing with 
 spirits ; ench.antment ; sor- 
 cery ; witchcraft. 
 Mag'i-e, ) a. Pertaining to, 
 Mag'i€-al, ) or produced 
 
 by, magic. 
 Ma-gi'cian (-jish/an), n. One 
 skilled in magic. 
 
 Ma^'is-te'ri-al, a. Lofty ; 
 
 authoritative ; imperious. 
 Mag/is-te'ri-al-ly, adv. With 
 
 the air of a master. 
 Mag'is-tra-gy, n. Oflice of 
 a magistrate ; a body of 
 magistrates. 
 M^g'is-trate, rt. One invested 
 with power as a pubUc civil 
 officer. 
 
 Mag'na -Ghar'ta (kar'-). 
 The great charter of English 
 rights. 
 
 Mag^na-mm'i-ty, n. Great- 
 ness of mind ; generosity. 
 Mag-nan'i-mous, a. Great 
 
 in mind ; of lofty spirit. 
 Mag-nan'i-mous-ly, adv. 
 
 Nobl>;_; bravely. 
 Mag'nate, n. A man of note 
 
 or distinction. 
 Mag'net, n. The loadstone, 
 
 an ore which attracts iron. 
 Mag-n6t'i€, ) a. Having 
 Mag-nSt'i€-al, ) the proper- 
 ties of the magnet ; attract- 
 ive. 
 
 Mag'net-i§m, n. Properties 
 
 of the magnet ; attraction. 
 Mag'net-ize, v. t. or i. To 
 giA'o or receive the proper- 
 ties of the magnet ; to in- 
 fluence or be influenced. 
 Mag-nif'i€, a. Great ; noble. 
 Mag-nif'i-genge, n. Grand- 
 eur. 
 
 Mag-nif'i-cent, «. Splendid ; 
 
 grand ; imposing. 
 Mag-nif'i-gent-ly, adv. In a 
 
 magnifioent manner. 
 Mag'ni-fi/er (13), n. One 
 
 5.c.I.6.G,y,ionff/ii,e,i, 6,G,y,5Aor^- care,car>k,all,wh5it; 6re,vsfl,tCrm; piqiie,firm.- 
 
MAGNIFY 
 
 1G3 
 
 MANFULLY 
 
 who, or that which, magni- 
 fies. « .[great. 
 Ma,j'ni-fy, v. t. To make 
 Ma^-nii'o-quenge, n. High- 
 sounding language. 
 Ma^-nil'o-quent, a. Bom- 
 bastic. 
 
 Mag'ni-tude, n. Greatness 
 of sizo or importance. — 
 SYN. Largeness ; bulk. 
 
 Mag-no'li-a, n. A tree having 
 large, fragrant flowers. 
 
 Mag'pie, n. A bird allied to 
 tlie crow. 
 
 Ma-h6g'a-ny , n. A hard wood 
 of a reddish-brown color. 
 
 Ma-h6m'e-tan. See Moham- 
 medan. 
 
 Maid, n. A young, unmarried 
 woman. 
 
 Maid'en, n. A young, unmar- 
 ried woman ; a virgin. — a. 
 Fresh ; pure ; virgin. 
 
 Maid'en-hair, n. A plant 
 having slender stalks. 
 
 Maid'en-ly, a. Modest. 
 
 Maid'-sSrv'ant, n. A serv- 
 ant-girl. 
 
 Mail, n. A coat of steel ; ar- 
 mor ; a bag for conveying 
 letters. — f. i. (18) To put 
 in the mail ; to post ; to arm. 
 
 Mail'-e5ach, n. A coach that 
 conveys a mail, [mutilate. 
 
 Maim, v, t. To disable ; to 
 
 Main, a. Chief ; principal. — 
 n. Strength ; chief part ; 
 the ocean ; continent. 
 
 Main'-l^nd, n, A continent. 
 
 Main'ly, adv. Chiefly ; prin- 
 cipally ; greatly, [a vessel. 
 • Main'mast, n. Chief mast in 
 
 Main'sail, n. Principal sail. 
 
 Main-tain', v. t. To keep ; 
 to preserve ; to support with 
 food ; to uphold. 
 
 Main'te-nange, n. Support. 
 
 Maize, n. Indian corn. 
 
 Ma-jes'ti-e, ) a. Stately ; 
 
 Ma-ies'ti€-al, ) august. 
 
 Maj'es-ty, n. Exalted dig- 
 nity ; grandeur ; title of a 
 king or queen. 
 
 Ma'jor, a. Greater : elder. — - 
 n. A militai'y officer next 
 above a captain. 
 
 Ma/jor-do'mo, n. A steward. 
 
 Ma-jor'i-ty, n. The greater 
 
 number ; full age ; rank of a ; 
 major. j 
 
 Make, u. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 MADE.] To create ; to pro- i 
 duce ; to form ; to compel ; ' 
 to cause to be; to gain. — 
 V. i. To tend; tocontribute ; i 
 to increase. — n. Form ; ' 
 structure. [or creates. 
 
 Mak'er, n. One who forms 
 
 Mal'a-ehite, n. A beautiful 
 ore of copper, usually green. 
 
 MiPad-min/is-tra'tion, 71. | 
 Uad managemeijt of alTairs. I 
 
 MaPa-dy, n. Sickness ; dis- j 
 ease ; bodily ailment. 
 
 Mal'a-pert, a. Bold ; saucy. 
 
 Ma-la'ri-a, n. Noxious ex- 
 halation, [tented. 
 
 Ma?€on-tSnt'', a. Discon- 
 
 Malc, a. Belonging to the 
 male sex. — 71. One of the 
 sex that begets young. 
 
 MaPe-di^'tion, n. A curse. 
 
 Mal'e-f3,€'tor, n. One guilty 
 of a crime ; a felon ; a con- 
 vict. 
 
 Ma-lev'o-lenge, n. Ill-will. 
 Ma-lev'o-lent, a. Ill-dis- 
 posed. 
 
 Mal-fea'§ange, n. Evil doing. 
 
 Miil'ige, n. Unprovoked spite. 
 
 Ma-li'cious (-UslVus), a. 111- 
 dispo^^ed. 
 
 Ma-li'cious-ly (-llsh/us-), 
 adv. AVith malice. 
 
 Ma-lign' (-lin^), v. t. To tra- 
 duce ; to slander ; to vilify. 
 — a. Malicious. 
 
 Ma-lig'nan-gy, n. Malice ; 
 malevolence ; virulence. 
 
 Ma-lig'nant, a. Malicious ; 
 dangerous to Ufe. 
 
 Ma-lig'ni-ty, w. Extreme or 
 virulent enmity ; malice. 
 
 Mal'i-§on (-zn), 71. Curse. 
 
 Mall (1), n. A kind of ham- 
 mer. — V. t. To beat with 
 something heav}^. 
 
 Mall(mal), n. A ptiblic walk. 
 
 Mal^'Ie-a-bil'l-ty, n. Suscep- 
 tibility of extension by beat- 
 ing. 
 
 Mal'le-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being extended by Iseating. 
 
 Mai'let, n. A kind of ^Yooden 
 hammer. 
 
 Mal'15w, n. A plant. 
 
 Malm'sey (m-im-'zy-), A 
 sort of grape and wine. 
 
 Mal-pra€'tice, n. Profession- 
 al miaconduct of a physi- 
 cian. 
 
 Malt, n. Grain steeped and 
 dried for use in brewing. — • 
 V. i. To become malt. 
 
 Mal-treat', v. t. To treat ill. 
 
 Mal-treat'ment, n. Ill-treat- 
 ment ; abuse. [duct. 
 
 MaPver-sa'tion, n. Evil con- 
 
 Mam-raa', n. Mother ; a 
 word used by children. 
 
 Mam'mal, n. An animal 
 that suckles its young. 
 
 Mam-mif'er-ous, a. Nourish- 
 ing by breasts. 
 
 Mam'mil-la-ry, a. Belonging 
 to t!ie breasts. [wealth. 
 
 Mam'raon, n. lliches ; 
 
 Mam'mcth, n. A huge quad- 
 ruped now extinct. 
 
 Man (21), n. The human 
 race ; an adult male. — v. t. 
 To furnish wi^h men. 
 
 Man'a-ele, v. t. To shackle 
 the hands of. 
 
 Man'a-ele§, n. pi. Shjvckles 
 for the hands ; handcuffs. 
 
 Man'age, v. t. To conduct ; 
 to transact ; to liu.'-band. — 
 V. i. To direct affairs. 
 
 Man'age-a-ble (11), a. Ca- 
 pa})le of being managed. 
 
 Man'age-ment, n. Conduct 
 
 Man'a-gcr, n. A conductor ; 
 an economist. [writ. 
 
 Man-da'mus, n. A kind of 
 
 Man'da-rin, n. A Chinese 
 public officer. [command. 
 
 Man'date, n. An ofucial 
 
 Man'da-to-ry, a. Containing 
 a command. [lower jaw. 
 
 Man'cli-ble, n. The jaw or 
 
 Man'drel, n. A turner's in- 
 strument. 
 
 Mane (18), 71. Long hair on 
 the neck of a beast. 
 
 Ma-nege'(raa-nuzh''), w. Art 
 of horsemanship. [souls. 
 
 Ma'ne|, 11. pi. Departed 
 
 Ma-neu_'ver I (29), n. Evolu- 
 
 Ma-nceu'vre j tion ; strata- 
 gem. — 7*. t. To manage 
 with address. [stout. 
 
 Man'fnl, a. Bold ; brave ; 
 
 Man'ful-b/, adv. Like a man. 
 
 Bon, or, do, W9lf, too, tcTok ; (irn, r}je, pyll ; p, ^, sqft , €, g, hard; ; exist ; c as ng ; this. 
 
MANGANESE 
 
 164 MARQUETRY 
 
 Maij^ga-ne§e', n. A yery 
 hard and refractory metal. 
 
 Mange, n. The itch on cattle. 
 
 Mah'gel-wtar/zel, n. A plant 
 of the beet kind. 
 
 Man'ger, n. An eating- 
 trough for cattle. 
 
 Man'gle, v.t. To cut roughly 
 or'coarsely ; to mutilate ; to 
 smooth, as linen. — n. Acal- 
 ender for smoothing linen. 
 
 Man'go (18), n. A pickled 
 muskmelon. [tree. 
 
 Man'grove, n. A tropical 
 
 Man'gy, a. Scabby, as a beast. 
 
 M3.n'hdbd,n. Adult years in 
 
 Ma'ni-a, n. Madness, [men. 
 
 Ma'ni-a€ (5), n. A madman. 
 
 Ma-nl'a-e-al, a. Raving ; mad. 
 
 Man'i-fest, a. Not concealed, 
 obscure, or difficult. — Syn. 
 Clear ; plain ; obvious. — 
 V. t. , To make kno\vn. — n. 
 An invoice of a cargo. 
 
 Man-i/fes-ta'tion, a. Exhi- 
 bition ; display ; revelation. 
 
 Man'i-fes*- ly, at/f. Evident- 
 ly ; clrarly. 
 
 Man'i-fesao, n. (pL Man'i- 
 ifis'toes, 18.) A public dec- 
 laration. 
 
 M^n'i-faid, a. Many; diverse. 
 
 M3,n'i-kin, n. A dwarf ; a 
 model of a man. 
 
 Ma'ni-6€, n. The plant from 
 which tapioca is made. 
 
 Ma-n]^'u-late ,v.t. To t^^eat 
 or labor with the hands. 
 
 Ma-mp/u-la'tion,n. Manual 
 operation. [race. 
 
 Man-kind', n. Th« human 
 
 Man'li-ness, ». QuaUty of 
 being manly. 
 
 M^n'ly, a. ilaring the attri- 
 butes of a man ; brave. 
 
 Man'na, n. A sweetish secre- 
 tion from many trees. 
 
 Man'ner, n. Form ; way ; 
 mode ; air or mien. — pL 
 deportment. 
 
 Man'ner-ism, n. Studied 
 uniformity of manner. 
 
 Man'ner-ly, a. Civil ; decent. 
 
 Ma-noeu'vre (ma-nu/ver). 
 
 ^^e(i Maneuver. [sel. 
 Man'-of-war', n. A war ves- 
 Man'or, n. "A lord's estate in 
 lands. 
 
 Ma-no'rl-al, a. Pertaining to ; 
 a manor. I 
 
 Manse, a. A parsonage- 
 house ; a farm, [ing-house. i 
 
 Man'sion, n. A large dwell- 
 
 Man'slaugh-ter (-siaw-), n. 
 The killing of a person in 
 passion, without malice. 
 
 Man'tel, n. The piece of tim- 
 ber dr stone over the fire- 
 pl^e. [worn by women. 
 
 Man^te-let', n. A small cloak 
 
 Man-til'la (18), n. A light 
 covering to throw over a 
 lady's dress. 
 
 Man'tle, w. A loose garment 
 or cloak ; a cover. — v. To 
 cloak ; to cover ; to suffuse. 
 
 Manau-a (or mSn^tu), n. A 
 woman's gown. 
 
 Ma,n'tua-mak'er (mSn^'tu-), 
 n. ^A. 'dress-maker. 
 
 Man'u-al, a. Performed by 
 thb l^and. — n. A small 
 book. 
 
 Man'u-fa€'to-ry, n. A place 
 where goods are made. 
 
 Maiyu-fa€t'ure, n. Any 
 thing made by the hand or 
 by machinery. — v. t. To 
 form by the hand or by art 
 into forms convenient for 
 use. [who manufactures. 
 
 Man''u-f3,€t'ur-er, n. One 
 
 Man/u-mis'sion (-mish/un), 
 Act of freeing slaves. 
 
 Man'^-init', v. t. To release 
 from slavery. 
 
 Ma-nure', n. Any thing that 
 fertilizes land. — v. t. To 
 apply fertilizing substances 
 to. [ing done by hand. 
 
 Man'iys-eript, n. Any writ- 
 
 Ma'ny (men/j-^), a. Numer- 
 ous/ — n. A great number. 
 
 M^lp/n. A delineation of the 
 earth or any part of it. — 
 v.t. To draw or delineate. 
 
 Ma'ple, n. A certain tree. 
 
 Mar (7), v. t. To hurt; to 
 impair. 
 
 Mar/a-n&th'a, or Mar^a- 
 na'tha, n. A curse. 
 
 Ma-rS,§'mus, n. A wasting 
 of flesh without fuver. 
 
 Ma-raud', v. i. To rove for 
 plunder. 
 
 Ma-raud'er, n. A plunderer. 
 
 Mar'ble, n. A kind of calca- 
 reous stone, or any thing 
 made of it. — v. t. To >eia 
 or variegate like marble. 
 
 March, n. The third month 
 of tlie year ; regulated ujove- 
 meut of troops ; a proces- 
 sion. — f. i. To move in 
 military order. [confines. 
 
 March'eg, n. pi. Border?; 
 
 Mar^h'ion-ess (mar^shun-) 
 n. The wife of a marquis. 
 
 Mare, n. Female of the horse. 
 
 Mar'gin,n. An edge ; border. 
 
 Mar'gin-al, a. Placed in the 
 margin. 
 
 Mar^i-gdld, n. A plant hav- 
 ing a yellow flower. 
 
 Ma-r'ine', a. Pertaining to 
 the sea. — n. A soldier do- 
 ing duty in a ship ; the navy; 
 shipping. 
 
 M^r'i-ner, n. A seaman ; a 
 sailor. [husband. 
 
 Mar'i-tal, a. Pertaining to a 
 
 Mar'i-time, a. Pertaining to 
 the sea ; marine; nautical. 
 
 Mar'jo-ram, n. A plant. 
 
 Mark, n. A coin ; a token ; 
 indication; note. — v. t. To 
 draw a mark upon ; to write 
 on ; to note ; to observe. 
 
 Mark'et, n. A place or time 
 of sale; emporium. — v. i. 
 (8) To deal in market. 
 
 Mark'et-a-ble, a. Fit for 
 market or sale. 
 
 Miirks'man (21), n. A man 
 skillful in shooting. 
 
 Marl, p. A species of earth. 
 
 Marl'y, a. C<msisting in, 
 like, or abounding with, 
 marl. [two strands. 
 
 Mar'lme, n. A small line of 
 
 Mar'ma-lade, n. A prt^crve 
 made of quinces, or apples, 
 &c., boiled with sugar. 
 
 Mar-mo're-an, a. Pertaining 
 to marble. [monkey. 
 
 Mar'mo-sSt', n. A kind of 
 
 Ma-roon'", n. A free black on 
 the West India niountLiins. 
 
 Marque (mark),n. A license 
 to make reprisal at fca on 
 an enemy. [field-tent. 
 
 Mar-quee' (-kS/), n. A largo 
 
 Mar'quet-ry (-ket-), n. In- 
 laid work of shells, &c. 
 
 &, e, I, 0, u, y , long / fl, g, 1, 6, tt, short ; cSre, car, ask, all, wh^t ; Gre, VfiU, term ; pVquo, firm ] 
 
 I 
 
MARQUIS 
 
 165 
 
 MATRON 
 
 Mar'quis (-kwis), n. A title 
 of uobility. 
 
 Mar'quis-ate, n. Dignity or 
 lordship of a marquis. 
 
 Mar'riage (niilr/rij), n. State 
 or condition of being mar- 
 ried. — S VN. Matrimony. 
 
 Mir'riage-a-ble ( 11), a. Of 
 a fit age to be married. 
 
 Mir'row, n. A soft substance 
 in booes ; essence of a thing. 
 
 Mar'row-fat, n. A large, de- 
 licious pea. 
 
 Mar'ry, r. To join or be 
 joined in wedlock. 
 
 Marsh (18), n. Low, wet 
 ground. 
 
 Miir'shal, n. Chief military 
 commander ; a civil officer ; 
 one ^^'ho directs processions ; 
 &c. — v\ t. (8) To arrange 
 in due order. 
 
 Marsh'y, a. Wet ; boggy. 
 
 Mart, n. A place of public 
 sale; market; emporium. 
 
 Mar'ten, n. An animal allied 
 to the weasel ; a martin. 
 
 Mar'tial, a. Warlike ; bold. 
 
 Mar'tin, n. A bird of the 
 swallow kind, [ciplinarian. 
 
 Mar'ti-net, n. A strict dis- 
 
 Mar'tin-mas (17), n. Festi- 
 val of St. Martin, Nov. 11. 
 
 Mar'tin-gal, n. A strap to 
 hold down the head of a 
 horse. 
 
 Mart'let, n. A martin. 
 Mar'tyr, n. One who is put 
 
 to death for the truth. — 
 
 V. t. To make a martyr of ; 
 
 to torment. [of a martyr. 
 Mar'tyr-dom, n. The death 
 Mar-'tyr-dl'o-^lst, n. An 
 
 historian of martyrs. 
 Mar'tyr-6i'o-gy,?i. History 
 
 of martyrs. 
 Mar'vel(8), v. i. Tobestru"ck 
 
 with surprise ; to wonder. — 
 
 n. A wonder ; a prodigy. 
 Mar'vel-ous, a. Wonderful. 
 Mas'-eu-line, a. Male ; like 
 
 a man ; not effeminate. 
 M3,sh, n. A mixture of 
 
 things ; bran and water. — 
 
 V. t. To bruise into a soft 
 
 mass ; to crush. 
 Mask, 71. A cover for the 
 
 face. — V. t. To disguise. 
 
 MS,§'lin, n. Different sorts of 
 grain mixed. 
 
 Ma'son (ma^sn), n. An artif- 
 icer in bricks and stone. 
 
 Ma-s6n'i-c, a. Pertaining to 
 masonry. 
 
 Ma'son-ry, n. Work of a 
 mason ; craft of freemasons. 
 
 Mas^quer-ade' (-ker-), n. A 
 nocturnal assembly of per- 
 sons in disguise. — v. i. To 
 assemble in masks. 
 
 Mass (2), n. A lump ; an as- 
 semblage ; bulk ; a Roman 
 Catholic service. 
 
 Mas'sa-ere(-ker,29),n. Pro- 
 miscuous slaugliter. — v. t. 
 To kill promiscuously or 
 with cruelty. 
 
 Mass'i-ness, ) n. Bulk ; 
 
 Mass'ive-ness, j ponder- 
 ousuess. 
 
 Mass'ive, ) a. Bulky ; heavy ; 
 
 Mass'y, j ponderous. 
 
 Mast, n. An upright pole or 
 timber for sails, &c., in a 
 vessel ; nuts ; acorns. 
 
 Mas'ter, n. A ruler ; a su- 
 perior ; a proprietor ; a 
 teacher; a chief. — v. t. To 
 cotfquer ; to subdue. 
 
 Mas'ter-key (-k3), n. A key 
 that opens many locks. 
 
 Mas'ter-ly, a. Becoming a 
 master ; most excellent. 
 
 Mas'ter-piege, n. A capital 
 performance. 
 
 Mas'ter-y, n. Superiority. 
 — Syn. Rule; dominion. 
 
 Mas'ti-eate, v. t. To chew. 
 
 Mas/ti--ea'tion, n. Act of 
 chewing. 
 
 Mas'ti€, n. A resin from a 
 trea 
 
 Mas'tiff, n. A 
 
 large variety 
 
 of dog. 
 Mas'to-don, n. Mastiff. 
 
 An animal resembling the 
 
 elephant, now extinct. 
 Mat, n. A texture of rushes, 
 
 husks, straw, &c.— -r. t. To 
 
 weave into a mat ; to twist 
 
 together. 
 Match (18), n. A contest ; 
 
 an equal ; marriage ; some- 
 
 thingt to take fire. — r. t. 
 
 To pair ; to suit ; to marry. 
 
 M3,tch'less, a. Having no 
 equal ; peerless ; unequaled. 
 
 Match'ldck, n. A muhket 
 fired by means of a match. 
 
 Mate,n. A companion ; sec- 
 ond officer of a vessel. — v. t. 
 To match ; to compete with. 
 
 Ma-te'ri-al, a. Consisting of 
 matter ; bodily ; of conse- 
 quence ; weighty. — n. Sub- 
 stance of which any thing 
 is m_ade. [of materialists. 
 
 Ma-te'ri-al-ism. n. Doctrine 
 
 Ma-te'ri-al-ist, n. One who 
 denies the existence of spir- 
 itual substances. 
 
 Ma-te''ri-5,l'i-ty, n. Material 
 existence. 
 
 Ma-te'ri-al-ly, adv. In a 
 state of matter ; essentially. 
 
 Ma-ter'iial, a. Motherly. 
 
 Ma-ter'ni-ty, n. Character, 
 or relation, of a mother. 
 
 M^th^e-mafic, ) a. Kelat- 
 
 Math/e-mS-fi-c-al, ) ing or 
 according to mathematics. 
 
 Math''e-mat'i€-al-ly, adv. 
 By mathematics. 
 
 M^th/e-ma-ti'cian (-tish'- 
 an), n. One versed in 
 mathematics. 
 
 Math^e-m^t'i-es, n. sivg. 
 The science of quantity or 
 of magnitude and number. 
 
 M3,t'in, a. Pertaining to the 
 morning. 
 
 M2,t'in|, n. pi. Morning 
 worship or service, [vessel. 
 
 M5,t'rass, n. A chemical 
 
 Ma'trige, or MSfrige, n. A 
 mold for castings. [mold. 
 
 Ma'trix, n. The womb ; a 
 
 Mat'ri-Qide, n. The murder 
 or murderer of a mother. 
 
 Ma-tri-e'u-late, v. t. To ad- 
 mit to membership, as in a 
 college. 
 
 Ma-tri€'u-late, n. One en- 
 tered in a college, &c. 
 
 Ma-tri-c'u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 admitting to membership, 
 
 Mat^ri-mo'ni-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to marriage ; connubial. 
 
 Mat'ri-mo-ny, n. Marriage ; 
 wedlock ; the nuptial state. 
 
 Ma'trcn, n. An elderly v.-cm- 
 an ; a wife ; a nurse in a hos- 
 pital. 
 
 s^n, or, dQ, w61f, tob, tdbk ; Urn, rjje, pi^Ul ; p, soft; <5, g, hard; as ; ejist ; q as ng ; tiiis. 
 
MATRONAL 
 
 166 
 
 MEDITATE 
 
 Mat'ron-al, or Ma'tron-al, 
 
 a. Grave ; motherly. 
 
 Ma'tron-ly, a. Becoming a 
 wife or matron. 
 
 Mat'ter, n. Substance of 
 which bodies are constitut- 
 ed ; pus ; subject ; affair. — 
 v. i. To be of importance. 
 
 MS-t'ting, n. A texture of 
 rushes, straw, &c. ; mate- 
 rials for mats. 
 
 Mat'tock (5), n. A kind of 
 pick-ax. 
 
 Mat 'tress, n. A bed stuffed 
 with hair, husks, or the 
 hke. 
 
 M^t'u-rate, v. To ripen. 
 
 MciVu-ra'tion, n. A ripening. 
 
 Ma-ture', a. Ripe; fuU- 
 grow^n ; well digested. — v. t. 
 To briiig to perfection; to 
 consider well. 
 
 Ma-ture'ly, adv. With ripe- 
 ness ; completely. 
 
 Ma-tu'ri-ty, n. A mature 
 state ; ripeness. 
 
 Maud'lin, a. Fuddled ; sick- 
 ly sentimental. 
 
 Maul,n. A wooden hammer. 
 — V. t. To beat and bruise. 
 
 Maund'er, or Maund'er, 
 V. i. To mutter ; to beg. 
 
 Mau^so-le'um, n. A magnifi- 
 cent tomb or monument. 
 
 Ma'vis, n. The throstle or 
 song-thrush. 
 
 Maw, n. Stomach of a beast. 
 
 Mawk'ish, a. Apt to cause 
 satiety and loathing. 
 
 Max'il-lar, I a. Pertain- 
 
 Max'il-la-ry, j ing to the 
 jaw. 
 
 Max'im, n. An established 
 
 principle ; an axiom. 
 MS-x'i-mum, n. The greatest 
 
 quantity or value attainable 
 
 in a given case. 
 May, n. The fifth month 
 
 of the year. — r. mix. [imp. 
 
 MIGHT.] To be possible ; 
 
 to be able ; to have license. 
 May'- day, n. The first day 
 
 of May. 
 May'or {colloq. mar), n. 
 
 Chief magistrate of a city 
 
 or borougli. 
 May'or-al-ty [colloq. mar^al- 
 
 ty), n. Office of a mayor. 
 
 May'or-ess {colloq. mSr^es), 
 
 71. Wife of a mayor. 
 Maz''a-r'ine', n. A deep blue 
 color. [black cherry. 
 
 Maz'ard, n. A kind of small, 
 
 Maze (18), n. A labyrinth; 
 astonishment. — v. t. To 
 bewilder. 
 
 Ma'zy, a. Perplexed with 
 turns and windings, [of /. 
 
 Me, pron. Objective case 
 
 Mead, n. A liquor composed 
 of honey and water ; a 
 meadow. [grass land. 
 
 Mead'oWj^n. Low or level 
 
 Mea'ger t){29), a. * Lean ; 
 
 Mea'^re j thin ; poor. 
 
 Meal, n. Grain ground to 
 powder ; food taken at once. 
 
 Meal'y, n. llesembling meal. 
 
 Mean, a. Low ; base ; aver- 
 age. — n. A middle point ; 
 place, rate, or degree. 
 
 Means, n. pi. Medium ; in- 
 strument ; income. 
 
 Mean-^ v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 MEANT.] To intend ; to 
 design ; to have in view ; to 
 purpose ; to signify. 
 
 Me-an'der, n. A winding 
 course. — v. i. (8) To run 
 in windings. 
 
 Mean 'ing, n. Intention ; 
 sigriification. [nity. 
 
 Mean'ly, adv. Without dig- 
 
 Mean'ness, n. Lowness ; 
 sordidness ; baseness. 
 
 Meant, imp. Si, p. p. of Mean. 
 
 ikcah'time, ]adv. In the 
 
 Mean'while, j intervening 
 time, [measles. 
 
 Mea'gly, a. Infected with 
 
 Mea'Bles (me^zlz), n. An 
 eruptive disease. 
 
 Mea§'ur-a-ble (mezh/ur-), 
 a. Capable of being meas- 
 ured. 
 
 MSag'ure (mSzh/ur), n. That 
 which measures ; extent ; 
 time in music ; limit ; de- 
 gree ; meter ; means to an 
 end. — V. t. To ascertain 
 the extent or quantity of. 
 
 Mea§'ure-ment, n. Act of 
 measuring ; dimensions. 
 
 Meat, n. Flesh for food ; 
 food in general. 
 
 Me-€hS,n'i<;, n. An artisan. 
 
 M6-<jh5,n'i€, ) a. Per- 
 Me-chan'i-e-al, j taining 
 
 to machines ; acting by 
 
 physical power. 
 Me-€han'i-e-al-ly, adv. By 
 
 physical force or power. 
 Me^h^a-ni'dan (-nish^an), 
 
 n. One skilled in mechanics. 
 Me-ehan'i-es, n. sing. The 
 
 science that treats of the 
 
 laws of motion and force. 
 Meeh'an-ism, n. Structure 
 
 or parts of a machine. 
 Me€h'an-ist, n. One skilled 
 
 in machines. [device. 
 Med'al, n. A coin with a 
 Med'al-ist I (8j, n. Ono 
 Med'al-list J skilled, in 
 
 medals. 
 
 Me-dal'lion (-yun), n. A 
 large medal ; a circular tab- 
 let on which figures are 
 embossed. [to interfere. 
 
 Med'dle, v. i. To interpose; 
 
 Med'dler, n. A busybody. 
 
 Med'dle-some, a. Apt to 
 meddle. [the middle ages. 
 
 Me^di-ae'val, a. Relating to 
 
 Me'di-al, a. Noting average. 
 
 Me'di-ate, v.i. To interpose. 
 
 Me'di-ate, a. Middle. 
 
 Me'di-ate-ly, adv. By a 
 secondary cause. 
 
 Me^di-a'tion, n. Agency be- 
 tween parties. — Syn. In- 
 terposition ; intercession. 
 
 Me'di-a'tor, n. One who 
 mediates ; an intercessor. 
 
 Me^di-a-te'ri-al, a. Belong- 
 ing to a mediator or to me- 
 diation. 
 
 Med'i€-al, a. Pertaining to 
 medicine, or to the art of 
 healing. [ical manner. 
 
 Med'i-e-al-ly, adv. Inamed- 
 
 MSd'i-ea ment, n. A heal- 
 ing application ; medicine. 
 
 Med'i-€ate, v. t. To tincture 
 with medicines. 
 
 Me-diQ'i-nal, a. Healing; 
 curative. [medicine. 
 
 Me-dig'i-nal-ly, adv. By 
 
 Med'i-Qine, n. Any thing 
 that cures ; a remedy. 
 
 Me'di-6€'ri-ty, n. Middle 
 state ; moderate degree. 
 
 M6d'i-tate, r. To think; to 
 muse ; to contemplate. 
 
 a, C, 1, 0, u, y, long; a, 6, i, 5, ti, y, short ; care, car, ^sk, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
MEDITATION 
 
 167 
 
 MERMAID 
 
 Mgd^i-ta'tion, w. Contem- 
 plation ; continued thought. 
 
 Med'i-ta-tive, a. Given to 
 contemplation ; thoughtful.^ 
 
 Me'di-ura, n. {pi. Me'di-aor 
 Me'di-um§, 25.) A means 
 or instrument. 
 
 Med'lar, n. A tree and its 
 fruit. [miscellany. 
 
 Med'ley, n. A mixture; a 
 
 Me-dul'lar, ( a. Consist- 
 
 M3d'ul-la-ry, ) ing of mar- 
 row, or like it. [pense. 
 
 Meed,»i. A reward ; recom- 
 
 Meek, a. Mild ; soft ; gentle. 
 
 Meer'SQhaum (-shawm), n. 
 A kind of line white clay , or 
 a pipe made of it. 
 
 Meet, f. t. or i. [imp. Sep. p. 
 MET.] To come together; 
 to join. — a. Fit; suitable. 
 
 Meet'ing, n. An assembly ; 
 an interview. 
 
 Meet'ing-house, n. A place 
 of worship (in England, for 
 dissenters). 
 
 Meet'ly, adv. Fitly ; duly. 
 
 MePan-eh61'i-e, a. Melan- 
 choly. 
 
 Mel'an-ehol-y, a. Dejected ; 
 gloomy. — n. Dejection of 
 spirits ; a gloomy state of 
 mind. 
 
 Mel'ior-ate (mel/yor-), v. t. 
 To make better. [ment. 
 
 MePior-a'tion, n. Improve- 
 
 Mel-lif'lu-enQe,n. A sweet, 
 smooth flow. 
 
 Mel-lif lu-ent, ) a. Sweetly 
 
 Mel-lif'lu-ous, ) flowing. 
 
 Mel'low, a. Soft with ripe- 
 ness. — V. t. or i. To ripen 
 to softness. [ripeness. 
 
 Mel'low-ness, n. Softness; 
 
 Me-15'di-ous, a. Musical ; 
 agreeable to the ear. 
 
 Mel'o-drame, n. A sensa- 
 tional play with songs inter- 
 mixed, [for effect merely. 
 
 Mel'o-dra-mat'i€, a. Done 
 
 Mel'o-dy, n. Aw agreeable 
 succession of single tones. 
 
 Mel'on, n. A plant, and its 
 fruit, which is eaten raw. 
 
 Melt, V. t.ov i. To dissolve ; 
 to becom.e liquid. 
 
 Mem'ber, n. A limb of the 
 body ; one of a society. 
 
 Mgm'ber-ship, n. The state 
 of being a member. 
 
 Mem/bra-na'ceous, a. Con- 
 sisting of membranes, 
 
 Mem'brane, n. A thin tis- 
 sue, or kind of skin. 
 
 Mem'bra-nous, a. Consist- 
 ing of a membrane. 
 
 Me-men'to, n. (pi. Me- 
 men'toeg, 18.) That which 
 reminds ; a memorial. 
 
 Mfem'oir (mem^wor or me^- 
 mwor), n. A written ac- 
 count or history ; a biogra- 
 phy ; a record of investiga- 
 tions, [remembrance. 
 
 M6nl'o-ra-ble, a. Worthy of 
 
 Mem/o-ran'dum, n. (pi. 
 -dums, or -da.) A note or 
 record' to help the memory. 
 
 Me-rao'ri-al, a. Preserving 
 remembrance. — n. That 
 which preserves remem- 
 brance ; statement with pe- 
 tition. 
 
 Me-m5'ri-al-ist, n. One who 
 
 presents a memorial. 
 Me-m5'ri-al-ize, v. t. To 
 
 present a memorial to. 
 Mem'o-rize (31), v. t. To 
 
 cause to be remembered. 
 Mem'o-ry, n. The faculty 
 
 by which ideas are retained 
 
 in the mind ; recollection ; 
 
 remembrance. 
 Men, pi. of Man. 
 Men'age, v. t. To threaten. 
 
 — n. A threat. 
 Men-ag'er-ie (men-Szh^-), n. 
 
 A collection of animals. 
 Mend ,v. t. or i. To repair ; 
 
 to correct; to improve. 
 Men-da'cious, a. Given to 
 
 deception; lying; false. 
 Men-dag'i-ty, n. A habit of 
 
 lying ; a lie. 
 M6n'di-€an-gy, ) n. State of 
 Men-diQ'i-ty, ) beggary. 
 Men'di-cant, n. A beggar. — 
 
 a. Begging ; poor. 
 Me'ni-al, a. Low ; servile ; 
 
 mean. — n. A domestic serv- 
 I ant. 
 
 1 Men'stm-al, a. Monthly. 
 Men'stru-um, n. (pi. Men'- 
 strii-ums, or Men'stru-a.) 
 A dissolving fluid ; a solv- 
 ent. 
 
 Men'su-ra-ble (-shu-), a- 
 Measurable. [measuring. 
 
 Men^su-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Men'tal, a. Belonging to the 
 mind ; intellectual. 
 
 Men'tal-ly, adv. In mind. 
 
 Men'tion, n. Notice ; curso- 
 ry remark. — v. t. To ex- 
 press ; to name. 
 
 Me-phit'i€, a. Poisonous ; 
 noxious ; foul ; pestilential. 
 
 Me-phl'tis, n. Noxious ex- 
 halations. 
 
 Mer'-ean-tile, a. Pertaining 
 to merchants or their busi- 
 ness ; commercial. 
 
 Mer'ge-na-ry, a. Capable of 
 being hired ; greedy of gain. 
 — Syn. Yenal ; selfish ; 
 mean; contracted. — n. A 
 hireling. [in silks. 
 
 Mer'ger, n. One who deals 
 
 Mer'chan-di§e, n. Goods for 
 sale ; trade. — v. t. To trade. 
 
 Mer'chant, n. An exporter 
 or importer of goods; a 
 trader. [sale. 
 
 Mer'chant-a-ble, a. Fit for 
 
 Mer'chant-man (21), n. A 
 ship employed in trade. 
 
 Mer'Qi-ful, a. Full of mercy ; 
 compassionate ; tender. 
 
 Mer'gi-less (13), a. Hard- 
 hearted ; unfeeling. 
 
 Mer-eu'ri-al, a. Composed 
 of quicksilver ; spirited. 
 
 Mer'-eu-ry, n. Quicksilver,- 
 one of the planets. 
 
 Mer'gy (19), n. Tenderness to- 
 ward an offender ; clemency. 
 
 Mere, a. Pure ; unmixed. 
 
 Mere'ly, adv. Simply ; only. 
 
 Mer^e-tri'cious (-trish^us), a. 
 Lewd ; false ; gaudy. 
 
 Merge, v. t. or i. To immerse. 
 
 Me-rid'i-an, n. A great cir- 
 cle which the sun crosses at 
 noon ; noon. — a. Pertain- 
 ing to the meridian. 
 
 Me-rid'i-on-al,a. Pertaining 
 to the meridian. 
 
 Me-ri"'no (-rS^no), n. A varie- 
 ty of sheep or their wool. 
 
 Mer'it, n. Desert ; worth. — 
 1'. t. To earn by services ; to 
 deserve. [ing reward. 
 
 Mer''i-to'ri-ous, a. Deserv> 
 
 Mer'maid, n. A fabled sea- 
 
 Ban, 6r, da, w^lf, too, tdbk ; firn, ri}e, pyll ; 9, ^, soft,- «, g, hard; ; e^st ; q as ng ; this. 
 
MERMAN 
 
 168 
 
 MIGHTY 
 
 ■woman with the tail of a fish 
 instead of legs. 
 
 Mer'man (22), n. A fabled 
 sea-man. [mirth. 
 
 Mer'ri-ly (13), adv. With 
 
 Mer'ri-ment. n. Gayety with 
 laughter ; noisy sport. 
 
 Mer'ry, a. Gay ; jovial ; noisy. 
 
 Mer'ry-An'drew, n. A buf- 
 foon ; a zany. [val. 
 
 MSr'ry-mak'ing, n. A festi- 
 
 Mesh (18), M. A space between 
 threads in a net. 
 
 Mes-mer'i-e, a. Pertaining to 
 mesmerism. 
 
 Me§'mer-i§m, n. Art of in- 
 ducing a certain abnormal 
 state of the nervous system. 
 
 Me§'mer-ize, v. t. To bring 
 into a mesmeric sleep. 
 
 Mess, n. A dish of food ; per- 
 sons who eat together. — v. 
 i. To join in a mess. 
 
 Mes'sage, n. Notice sent ; 
 official communication. 
 
 Mes'sen-ger, n. One who 
 bears a message. 
 
 Mes-sPah, n. The Anointed ; 
 CHRIST. 
 
 Mes'suage (mes^swej), n. A 
 house and adjoining land. 
 
 Met, imp. & p.p. of Meet. 
 
 Met'al (met^al ormet^l), n. A 
 simple, fixed, opaque sub- 
 stance, fusible by heat, as 
 iron, gold, &c. 
 
 Me-t3,l'li€, a. Relating to, or 
 partaking of the properties 
 of, metals, [ducing metals. 
 
 MSt''al-lif'er-ous, a. Pro- 
 
 MSt'al-lme (7), a. Like metal. 
 
 Mgt'al-lur/gy ( 7 ) , n . Art of 
 working metals, or of obtain- 
 ing them from their ores. 
 
 Met^a-mor'phoge, v. t. To 
 transform. 
 
 Met^a-mor'pho-sis, n. {pi. 
 M§t'a-m6r'pho-se§. ) A 
 change of form. 
 
 Met'a-phor, n. A short si- 
 militude ; a trope. 
 
 MSt^a-ph6r'i€-al,a. Contain- 
 ing a metaphor ; figurative. 
 
 M§t''a-ph6r'i€-al-ly, adv. By 
 a figure ; not literally. 
 
 M6Va-phy§'i-e-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing or according to meta- 
 physics ; abstract. 
 
 I Met'a-phy-§i'cian (-zish'- 
 an), n. One versed in meta- 
 physics. 
 
 Met^a-phyg'i-cs, n sing. Sci- 
 ence of mental phenomena. 
 
 Mete, V. t. To measure. — n. 
 Measure ; limit ; boundary. 
 
 Me'te-or, n. A luminous 
 body passing in the air. 
 
 Me'te-6r'i€,a. Pertaining to, 
 or proceeding from, meteors; 
 influenced by the weather. 
 
 Me/te-or'o-lite, I n. A mete- 
 
 Me'te-or-ite, ) oric stone. 
 
 Me'te-6r'o-I6g'i-e-al, a. Per- 
 taining to meteorology. 
 
 Me^te-or-dPo-gist, n. One 
 skilled in meteorology. 
 
 Me^te-or-6Po-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence of the atmosphere and 
 its phenomena. 
 
 Me'ter I (29), n. Rhythm ; 
 
 Me'tre j verse ; measure. 
 
 Me-theg'lin, n. A hquor 
 made of honey and water. 
 
 Me-thinks', V. jw;?. It seems 
 to mel I think. 
 
 Meth'od, n. Orderly arrange- 
 ment ; way of doing things. 
 — Syn. Mode ; manner. 
 
 Me -th6d 'i-e , la. Ranged or 
 
 Me-th6d'i-e-al, j proceeding 
 in order. 
 
 Me-th6d'i-e-al-ly, adv. In 
 due or methodical order. 
 
 Meth'od-i§m, n. Doctrines 
 and worship of Methodists. 
 
 Meth'od-ist, n. One of a sect 
 of Christians founded by 
 John Wesley. 
 
 Meth'od-ize, v. t. To reduce 
 to method. 
 
 Me-t6n'o-my, or Met'o- 
 nj^m/y,n. A figure of speech 
 in which one word is put for 
 another. [meter. 
 
 M6t'ri-e-al, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Me-tr6p'o-lis, Ji. The mother 
 city or chief city. 
 
 M6t/ro-p61'i-tan, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the chief city. — n. An 
 archbishop. [ardor. 
 
 Met'tle, n. Courage ; spirit ; 
 
 Met'tle-s6me,a. Spirited. 
 
 Mew, n. A cage or coop. — 
 V. t. To confine in a cage. 
 
 Mewl, V. i. To cry as a child. 
 
 M6z/zo-tin'to (med'zo- or 
 
 mez'zo-), n. A kind of en- 
 graving on copper. 
 
 Mi'asm, 71. Same as Miasma. 
 
 ,jy[i-a|'ma, n. (pi. Mi-a§'ma- 
 ta.) Moxlous effluvia. 
 
 Ml'-ea, n. A mineral separa- 
 ble into thin, transparent 
 plates. 
 
 Mi-€a'ceoiis, a. Pertaining 
 to mica. 
 
 Mige, n. pi. of Mouse. 
 
 Mi-eh'ael-mas (-el-), n. The 
 feast of St. Michael, cele- 
 brated September 29th. 
 
 Mi'-ero-€6§m, n. A little 
 world ; man. 
 
 Mi'-ero-S€ope, n. An optical 
 instrument for magnifying 
 very small objects. 
 
 Mi/€ro-s-c6p'i€, ) a. Tery 
 
 MP-ero-s-e6p'i€-al, | small. 
 
 Mid, a. Middle; intervening. 
 
 Mid'day, n. Noon. 
 
 Mid'dle, a. Equally distant 
 from the ends ; intermediate. 
 — n. The point equally re- 
 mote from the extremes. 
 
 Mid'dling, a. Of a middle 
 rank ; of moderate capacity. 
 
 Midge, n. A kind of fly. 
 
 Mid'land, a. Surrounded by 
 the land. 
 
 Mid'night (-uit), n. Twelve 
 o'clock at night. 
 
 Mid'rif f , n. The diaphragm . 
 
 Mid'ship-man (21), n. A 
 naval cadet or young officer. 
 
 Midst, n. The middle. 
 
 Mid'sum-mer, n. The mid- 
 dle of summer. 
 
 Mid'way, n. The middle. 
 
 Mid^wlfe (20), n. A woman 
 who assists other women in 
 childbirth. 
 
 Mid'wife-ry, or Mid'wife- 
 ry, n. Assistance in child- 
 birth ; obstetrics. 
 
 Mien, n. Look ; air ; manner. 
 
 Miff, n. Slight resentment. 
 
 Might (mit), imp. of May. — 
 n. Power ; strength of body ; 
 force ; ability ; capacity. 
 
 Might'i-ly (mlt/-, 13), adv. 
 Powerfully. 
 
 Might'i-ness (mIt/-), w. Pow- 
 er ; a title of dignity. 
 
 Might 'y (mit/y), a. Powei'- 
 ful ; strong ; vigorous. 
 
 5,e,T,o, u, long ; 5, C, i, 6,u, 
 
 5^ , short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^it ; Sre, vgil, tSrm ; pique, ffrm j 
 
MIGNONETTE 
 
 169 
 
 MINUTE 
 
 Mign'on-gtte' (mtn/yon-), n. 
 A fragrant plant and llower. 
 
 MI'grate, v. /. To remove to 
 another place or climate. 
 
 Ml-gra'tion, n. Act of mi- 
 grating, [migrate. 
 
 Mi'gra-to-ry, a. Disposed to 
 
 Milch, a. Giving milk. 
 
 lilild, a. Gentle ; calm ; soft ; 
 meek ; placid ; bland. 
 
 Mil'dew, n. Fungous spots 
 on cloth or paper. — v. t. or 
 i. To taint with mildew. 
 
 Mlld'ly, adv. Gently; softly. 
 
 Mild'ness, n. Quality of being 
 mild ; gentlene.<5S ; meekness. 
 
 Mile, n. A linear measure of 
 320 rods, 1760 yards, or 5280 
 feet. [by the mile. 
 
 Mile'age, n. Fees for travel 
 
 MiPl-tant, a. Engaged in 
 warfare ; fighting. 
 
 Mil'i-ta-ry, a. Pertaining to 
 soldiers or to war; martial. 
 — 71. Soldiers ; an army. 
 
 Mil'i-tate, v. i. To be op- 
 posed ; to contend. 
 
 Mi-li'tia(-nsh'';i), n. National 
 enrolled military force. 
 
 Mnk,n. A white liquor drawn 
 from the female of certain 
 animals ; the white juice of 
 certain plants. — v. t. To 
 draw milk from. 
 
 Milk'i-ness, n. Qualities like 
 milk ; softness. 
 
 Milk'maid, n. A woman em- 
 ployed in a dairy. 
 
 Mi'ik'man (21), n. A man 
 who carries milk to market. 
 
 Milk'y, a. Made of, or like, 
 milk. 
 
 Milk'y-way, n. A luminous 
 zone in the heavens ; galaxy. 
 
 Mill (1), n. A machine for 
 grinding, &c. ; the tenth of 
 a cent. — v. t. To grind ; to 
 stamp, as coin ; to fall. 
 
 MIll'-d3,m, n. A dam to keep 
 water for a mill. 
 
 Mil'le-na'ri-an, n. One who 
 believes in the millennium. 
 
 Mil-len'ni-al, a. Pertaining 
 to th(i millennium. 
 
 Mil-len'ni-um, n. The thou- 
 sand years of Christ's ex- 
 pected reign on earth, [mill. 
 
 Mill'er, n. One who attends a 
 
 Mil'let, n. A plant and its 
 grain; a kind of grass. 
 
 Mil'li-ner, n. One who makes 
 or sells ladies' caps, head- 
 dresses, &c. [by milliners. 
 
 Mil'il-ner-y, n. Articles sold 
 
 Mill'ion (ual/yun), n. Ten 
 hundred thousand. 
 
 MiU^ion-aire', n. One worth 
 a million or more. 
 
 Mill'-rage, n. A canal to con- 
 vey water to a mill-wheel. 
 
 Mill'-stone, n. A stone for 
 grinding grain. 
 
 Milt, n. The spleen; sper- 
 matic part of the male fish. 
 
 Mime, n. A kind of farce, or 
 an actor in it. 
 
 Mim'i c, n. One who imitates. 
 — V. t. (G) To imitate for 
 sport ; to ape. 
 
 Mim'ic, I a. Acting the 
 
 Miin'i€-al, j mimic ; imita- 
 tive, [mimics. 
 
 Mim'ick-er, n. One who 
 
 Mi'm'i€-ry, n. Ludicrous 
 imitation for sport. 
 
 Min'a-ret, n. A tall, slender 
 turret on Mohammedan 
 mosques. 
 
 Mmge, v. t. or t. To chop 
 into small pieces ; to speak 
 with affected nicety. 
 
 Mind, n. The intelligent 
 power in man ; understand- 
 ing ; soul ; purpose ; opin- 
 ion. — V. t. To heed ; to re- 
 gard. — V. i. To be inclined 
 or disposed. [dined. 
 
 Mind'ed, a. Disposed ; in- 
 
 Mmd'ful (17), a. Regardful; 
 attentive ; observant. 
 
 Mine, a. Belonging to me. — 
 n. A pit where minerals are 
 dug ; an excavation. — v. 
 To dig ; to sap. [mines. 
 
 Min'er, n. One who digs 
 
 Mm'er-al, n. A substance not 
 organic, existing on or in 
 the earth. — a. Pertaining 
 to minerals. 
 
 Mm'er-al-ize, v. i. To com- 
 bine with a metal in form- 
 ing an ore ; to seek miner- 
 als, [versed in minerals. 
 Mm'er-ai'o-gist, n. One 
 Mm/er-al-6g'i€-al, a. Per- 
 taining to mineralogy. 
 
 Min/er-a.l'0-gy, n. Science 
 of minerals. [blend. 
 Min'gle, v. To mix ; to 
 Min'i-a-ture (mm^i-at-yur or 
 min''it-yjjr), n. A small, 
 painted likeness. 
 Min'im, n. A note in mu- 
 sic ; a drop. 
 Min'i-mum, n. {pi. Mm'i- 
 ma ) The least quantity 
 assignable in a given case. 
 Min'ion (min^yun), n. A 
 favorite ; a small kind of 
 type, like this — 
 
 11^^ Minion type. 
 Min'is-ter, n. A servant, 
 an agent ; an embassador ; 
 a pastor. — v. t. To give ; 
 to communicate ; to supply. 
 Min^is-te'ri-al, a. Pertaining 
 to a minister ; done under 
 authority ; sacerdotal. 
 Min^is-tra'tion, n. Office of 
 
 a minister ; service. 
 Mm'is-try, n. Office ; serv- 
 ice ; agency ; ecclesiastical 
 function ; ministers of state. 
 Mink, n. An animal of the 
 weasel kind. [water fish. 
 Mm'now, n. A small fresh- 
 Mi'nor, a. Less ; smaller. — 
 n. A person under the age 
 of twenty -one. * 
 Mi-n6r'i-ty,n. State of being • 
 a minor, or under age ; the * v 
 smaller number. 
 Min'o-taur, n. A fabled mon- 
 ster, half man, half bull. ' 
 Minister, n. Church of a 
 monastery ; a cathedral • 
 church. 
 Mm'strel, n. A singer and 
 
 player on an instrument. 
 Min'strel-sy, n. A company 
 
 of minstrels. 
 Mint, n. A place where 
 money is coined. — v.t. To • 
 coin, as money. 
 Mm'u-end, n. A number > 
 from which another is to be 
 substracted. [ful dance. 
 Min'u-et, n. A slow, grace- • 
 Mi'nus,a. An algebraic term 
 
 denoting subtraction. 
 Min'ute (min/it), n. The 
 sixtieth part of an hour; ' 
 short note or sketch. — v.t. ^ 
 To set down in short notes. 
 
 son, or, do, W9lf, tdb, t<rok ; to, r«e, pi,ill ; 9, 5, soft ; g, hard; as ; exist ; n as n:^ ; thi3. 
 
 f 
 
MDsUTE 
 
 170 
 
 MISS 
 
 Mi-nute', a. Tery small ; of 
 litrle consequence. 
 
 Mm'ute-gun (min/it-), n. A 
 gun fired every minute. 
 
 Mi-nute'ly, adv. In. a mi- 
 nute manner. [girl' 
 
 Minx ( 18), ri. A pert, wanton 
 
 Mir'a-ole, n. A wonder or 
 wonderful thing ; a super- 
 natural event. 
 
 Mi-ra-e'u-lcus, a. Supernat- 
 ural ; wonderful. 
 
 Mire, n. Soft, wet earth ; 
 mud. — r. t. To plunge and 
 fix in mud. 
 
 MIr'ror, n. A looking-glass. 
 — t'. t. To reflect, as in a 
 looking-glass. 
 
 Mirth, n. Noisy gayety. — 
 Syn. Festivity ; glee ; fun ; 
 hilarity ; merriment; jollity. 
 
 Mirth'ful, a. Merry ; gay. 
 
 Mir'y, a. Full of mire. 
 
 Mis'an-thrcpe, ) n. A 
 
 Mis-an'thro-pist, J hater of 
 mankind. 
 
 Mis^an-throp'i-c, ) a. Ilat- 
 
 Mis^an-thr6p'i€-al, j ing, or 
 having a dislike to, man- 
 kind. 
 
 Mis-an'thro-py, n. Hatred 
 or dislike of mi^nkind. 
 
 Mis-ap'^pli-ea'tion, n.\yrong 
 application. [wrongly. 
 
 Mis^ap-piy', v. t. To apply 
 
 Mis-ap'pre-hend', v. t. To 
 misunderstand. [mistake. 
 
 Mis-ap/pre-hSn'sion, n. A 
 
 Mis/be-c6me', v. t. To suit 
 ill. [have improperly. 
 
 Mis^be-have', v. i- To be- 
 
 Mls'be-liav'ior, n. Improper 
 behavior ; ill-conduct. 
 
 Mis'be-lieve', v. t. To be- 
 lieve erroneously. 
 
 Mis^be-lief, n. False belief. 
 
 Mis-€a,l'-eu-late, v. t. To 
 calculate wrongly. 
 
 Mis-eai^-cu-la'ticn, n. Wrong 
 calculation, [wrong name. 
 
 Mis-eall', v. t. To call by a 
 
 Mis-ear'riage (-rij), n. Fail- 
 ure ; abortion. 
 
 Mis-€ar'ry, v. i. To fail of 
 success ; to have an abor- 
 tion. 
 
 Mis^cel-la'ne-ous, a. Mixed; 
 consisting of various kinds. 
 
 Mis'Qel-la-ny, n. A collec- 
 tion of writings ; a mixture. 
 
 Mis-change', n. Misfortune. 
 
 Mis'chief , 71. Evil, whether 
 intended or not ; harm. 
 
 Mis'chiev-ous, rt. Injurious. 
 
 Mis-choose', v. t. To choose 
 wrongly? [erroneously. 
 
 Mis-gite', v. t. To quote 
 
 Mis^-eon-geive', v. t. To 
 have a wrong notion of. 
 
 Mis^-eon-gep'tion, n. Wrong 
 conception. [havior. 
 
 Mis-eon'du-et, n. Bad be- 
 
 Mis^-con-dii€t', v. To con- 
 duct amiss. [conjecture. 
 
 Mis^-eon-jeet'iire, n. A wrong 
 
 Mis''-con-strii-c'tion, n. 
 AV'rong construction, or in- 
 terpretation. 
 
 Mis-con'strue, v. t. To in- 
 terpret wrong. 
 
 Mis-eount', v.t. To mistake 
 in counting. 
 
 Mis'-ere-ant, n. A vile wretch. 
 
 Mis-date', v. t. To date er- 
 roneously. [oiTense. 
 
 Mis-deed', n. An evil action ; 
 
 Mis-deem', v. t. To judge 
 amiss. [have ill. 
 
 Mis^de-mean', v. i. To be- 
 
 Mis'de-mean'or, n. Ill-be- 
 havior ; evil conduct. 
 
 Mis^di-re-et', v.t. To direct 
 to a wrong person or place. 
 
 Mis-dp'ing, n. A wrong done. 
 
 Mis^em-ploy', v. t. To use 
 to a wrong purpose. 
 
 Mis^em-ploy'ment, n. Im- 
 proper application. 
 
 Mi'ger, n. One covetous to 
 excess ; a niggard. 
 
 Mi§'er-a-ble, a. Wretched ; 
 unhappy ; worthless. [ly. 
 
 Mi§'er-a-bly, adv. Wretched- 
 
 Mi'§er-ly,a. Very covetous. 
 
 Mi§'er-y, n. Wretchedness; 
 distress ; calamity. 
 
 Mis-fort'unc, n. Calamity. 
 
 Mis-give', V. t. To fill with 
 doubt ; to give amiss. 
 
 Mis-giv'ing, n. A weaken- 
 ing of confidence ; distrust. 
 
 Mis-gov'ern, v. t. To govern 
 amiss. [administration. 
 
 Mis-gov'ern-ment, n. Bad 
 
 Mis-gmd'ange, n. Wrong di- 
 rection ; guidance into eri'or. 
 
 Mis-gmde', v. t. To mislead. 
 Mis-hap', n. Ill chance or 
 
 accident ; misfortune. 
 Mis'im-prpve', v. t. To 
 
 abuse ; to misuse. 
 Mis''in-f6rm', v. t. To give 
 
 erroneous information to. 
 Mis-in^for-ma'tion, n. 
 
 AV'rong information. 
 Mis-'in-ter'pret, v. t. To ex- 
 plain erroneousJy. 
 Mis^in-ter^pret-a'tion, n. 
 
 Interpreting erroneously. 
 Mis-judge', v. t. To judge 
 
 amiss. 
 
 Mis-lay', v. t To lay in a 
 
 wrong place ; to lose. 
 Mis-lead', v. t. To lead into 
 
 error ; to delude. 
 Mi§'le (miz/1), 1'. i. To rain 
 
 in minute drops. 
 Mis-led', imp. of Mislead. 
 Mis-man'age, v. t. or 1. To 
 
 manage iil. 
 Mis-m^n'age-ment, n. Bad 
 
 management. [unsuitabl3\ 
 Mis-m£tch', v. t. To match 
 Mis-name', v. t. To call by 
 
 a wrong name. 
 Mis-n5'mer, n. A wrong 
 
 or inapplicable name. 
 Mis-plage', v. t. To put in a 
 
 wrong place. 
 Mis-print', v. t. To print 
 
 wrong. — n. An errdr in 
 
 printing. 
 Mis^'pro-nounge', v. t. To 
 
 pronounce incGrrectl3^ 
 M i s^p r o - n u n^c i-a ' t i o n 
 
 (-ndn/shi-), n. Improper 
 
 pronunciation. 
 Mis^pro-por'tion, v. t. To 
 
 join without due proportion. 
 I Mis^quo-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 misquoting. [incorrectly. 
 Mis-quote', v. t. To quote 
 Mis^re-port', v. t. To report 
 
 erroneously. — n. A false 
 
 or incorrect report. 
 Mis-rep^re-gent', v. t. To 
 
 represent falsel:»\ 
 Mis-rep^re-gent-a'tion, n. 
 
 False account. 
 Mis-rule', n. Confusion ; 
 
 unjust domination. 
 Miss {2),?i. A young woman; 
 
 Joss ; want ; mistake. — v. t. 
 
 To err ; not to hit. 
 
 a, 5, 1, o, Q, y , long ; S, ^ J, 6, «, 5^, sliort ; care, ctlr, ask, ftll, wh^t ; Cre, veil, term ; pique, firm { 
 
MISSAL 
 
 Mis'sal, n. The Roman 
 Catholic mass-book. 
 
 Mis-sha-pC, v. t. [p. p. or p. 
 a. MISSHAPEN.] To sliape 
 ill ; to givo an ill form to. 
 
 Mis'sile, Ji. A weapon to be 
 thrown. 
 
 Mis'sion (mTsh^un), n. Act of 
 sending; duty on Mhich 
 one is sent ; persons pent. — 
 Syn. Message ; commis- 
 sion ; delegation ; deputa- 
 tion. 
 
 MIs'sion-a-ry, n. One sent 
 to spread religion. — a. Per- 
 taining to missions. 
 Mis'sive,a. Sent or intended 
 to be sent. — n. A message 
 or letter sent, [erroneously. 
 Mis-sp3li', V. t. To spell 
 Mis-spend', r. t. [imp. & p. 
 p. MISSPENT.] To waste 
 or spend ill. [accurately. 
 Mis-state', v. t. To state in- 
 Mis-state'ment, n. An in- 
 correct statement. 
 Mist, n. Rain in very fine 
 drops. — V. i. To rain in 
 fiue_drops. 
 Mis-take', n. Unintentional 
 error. — ^'. t. or i. To err. 
 Mis-tak'en (-t:.k/n), p. p. or 
 a. Misunderstood, — used 
 of things ; wrong ; being in 
 error, — used of persons. 
 Mist'i-ness, n. State of being 
 
 misty ; obscurity. 
 Mis'tle (mi7/l). See Misle. 
 Mis'tle-toe \ (miz/l-to),5J. A 
 Mi§'le-toe j plant that grows 
 
 on trees. 
 Mis-took', imp. of Mistake. 
 Mis^ trans-late', v. t. To 
 
 translate erroneously. 
 Mis'trans-la'tion, n. Erro- 
 neous translation. 
 Mis'tress, n. A woman who 
 governs ; a term of address. 
 Mis-trust', n. Want of con- 
 fidence ; suspicion ; doubt. 
 — V. t. To regard with sus- 
 picion ; to doubt. 
 Mis-trust'fiil, a. Suspicious. 
 Mist'V, a. Raining in very 
 fine drops *, cloudy with 
 mist. 
 
 Mis-un''d3r-stand', v. t. To 
 misconceive ; to mistake. 
 
 171 
 
 Mis-un/der-stand'ing, n. 
 Misconception ; disagree- 
 ment ; slight quarrel. 
 Mis-ug'age, n. I3ad treat- 
 ment ; abuse, [treat ill. 
 Mis-use', v.t. To abuse ; to 
 Mis-iise', n. Bad use. 
 Mite, n. Something very 
 small ; hence, a small insect. 
 Mi'tcrU29), 
 Mi'tre ) n. A 
 bishop's cap 
 or crown. 
 Mit'i-ga-ble,a. 
 Capable of 
 mitigation. 
 Mit'i-gate, v. t 
 
 to alleviate ; to assuage. 
 Mit^i-ga'tion, n. Relief. 
 Mit'ten, n. A cover for the 
 
 hand, without fingers. 
 Mix (7), V. t. {'mp. & p. p. 
 MIXED.] To unite or blend 
 promiscuously. [mass. 
 Mixt'iire, w. A mingled 
 Miz'zen (miz^zn), a. Hind- 
 most ; nearest the stern. 
 Miz'zle, v.t. See Misle. 
 Mne-mon'i-c (ne-), a. Assist- 
 ing the memory. 
 Mne-m6n'i€s (ne-), n. sing. 
 
 The art of memory. 
 Moan, V. i. or t. To mourn ; 
 to lament audibly. — n. 
 Lamentation. 
 Moat, n. A ditch round a 
 cp^stle, &c. — V. t. To sur- 
 round with a moat. 
 Mob, 11. A tumultuous or 
 disorderly crowd. — v.t. To 
 attack, as a crowd. 
 Mo-bil'i-ty, n. Activity ; 
 
 fickleness ; inconstancy. 
 Mo-e'-ea-sin, n. A shoe of 
 soft leather, without a sole ; 
 a poisonous serpent. 
 M6€k (b),v.t. To deride ; to 
 ape. — V. i. To speak de- 
 ridingly. — a. Counterfeit ; 
 false. — n. Ridicule ; deris- 
 ion, [scorn; ridicule. 
 Mock'er-y, n. Derision ; 
 Mo'dal, a. Relating to mode. 
 Mode, n. Form ; method ; 
 fashion ; manner of conju- 
 gating a verb. 
 Mod'el, n. Something to be 
 i imitated. ' — Syn. Copy ; 
 
 MOLASSES 
 
 pattern. — v. t. (8) To plan 
 
 to shape. 
 M6d'er-ate, v. t. To allay ; 
 
 to lessen ; to repress. — v. i. 
 
 To become less violent. 
 M6d'er-ate, a. Not violent 
 
 or excessive ; temperate. 
 M6d'er-ate-ly, adv. With 
 
 little violence. 
 M6d'er-a'tion, n. State of 
 
 being moderate. [presides. 
 Mdd'er-a^tor, n. One who 
 Mdd'ern, a. Of the present 
 
 time. [modern. 
 M6a'ern-ize, v.t. To niako 
 Mdd'erng, n.pl. People of 
 
 modern times. 
 M6d'est, a. Diffident ; re- 
 served ; virtuous. 
 M6d'est-y, n. Absence of 
 
 conceit; diffidence ; chastity. 
 M6d'i-€um, «. A small por- 
 
 tion. 
 
 M6d'i-fi-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 modifNicg: modified state. 
 M6d'i-fPer (13), n. He who, 
 
 or that which, modifies. 
 M6d'i-fy, v. t. To change 
 
 the form of. [of bracket, i 
 Mo-dill'ion (-yun), n. A kind 
 Mod'ish, a. According to 
 
 the moda ; fashionable. ' 
 Mo-diste', n. A female artist 
 
 in dress, [inficct as sounds, v 
 Mod'u-late, v. t. To vary or y 
 M6d^u-la'ticn, n. Act of 
 
 modulating ; melpdy. 
 M5'hair, n. A stuff of goat's 
 
 hair. 
 
 Mo-ham'med-an, a. Per-. , 
 taining to Mohammed. — n. ,' 
 A follower of Mohammed. 
 
 Moi'e-ty (or maw^e-ty), n. 
 Half. 
 
 Moil, V. i. or t. To work with 
 
 painful effort ; to drudge. 
 Moist, a. Damp ; wet in a 
 
 small degree. 
 Moist'en (mois^n), v. t. To 
 
 make humid, or moist. 
 Moist'ness, n. Dampness. 
 Moist'ure (moist/yijr), n. 
 
 Shght wetness ; dampness. 
 Mo'lar, a. Adapted to grind. 
 
 — n. A double tooth. 
 Mo-las'ses, n. sing. The 
 
 sirup \fhich drains from 
 
 sugar ; treacle. 
 
 s6n, or, dQ, w^lf, to"o, tdbk; tlm, rije, pull ; p, ^, soft; -c, g, hard; ; e^ist ; q as ng; this. 
 
 f 
 
MOLD 
 
 172 
 
 MOORLAND 
 
 M51d H32), n. Soft, rich 
 
 Mould ) earth ; a form , or 
 something to regulate the 
 form. — v.t. To shape. — 
 V. i. To contract mold. 
 
 Mold'er, \ n. One who 
 
 Mduld'er, ) molds, or gives 
 shape. — V. i. To decay ; 
 to perish. 
 
 M51d'y, ) a. Covered with 
 
 Mould'y, } mold. 
 
 Mole, n. A natural spot on 
 the body ; a pier ; a mound ; 
 a small burrowing animal. 
 
 Mo-le€'u-lar, a. Pertaining 
 to molecules. 
 
 Mol'e -eule, n. A minute or 
 invisible particle. 
 
 M51e'-hill, n. A hillock 
 raised bv a mole. 
 
 Mo-lest', V, t. To disturb ; 
 to annoy. [auce. 
 
 MoVes-t^'tion, n. Annoy- 
 
 MoFli-fi-ca'tion, n. A mol- 
 lifying ; mitigation. 
 
 M61'li-fy, V' t. To soften ; to 
 assuage ; to qualify. 
 
 Molt I (32), V. i. To cast or 
 
 Moult ) shed feathers, skin, 
 horns, &c. 
 
 Molt'en, p. a. Melted. 
 
 Mo'ment, n. A minute por- 
 tion of time ; importance ; 
 weight. [moment. 
 
 Mo'ment-a-ri-ly, adv. Every 
 
 Mo'ment-a-ry, a. Done in, 
 or lasting for, a moment 
 only. [ment. 
 
 Mo'ment-ly, adv. In a mo- 
 
 Mo-mSnt'ous, a. Important. 
 
 Mo-men'tum, n. {pi. Mo- 
 mSn'ta, or Mo-men'tumg, 
 25.) Quantity of motion in 
 a moving body. [life. 
 
 M6n'a-Chi§m, n. Monastic 
 
 Mon'ad, n. An ultimate 
 atom. 
 
 M6n'ar€h, n. A supreme 
 ruler ; an emperor, king, 
 prince, or chief. — Syn. Po- 
 tentate ; sovereign. 
 Mo-nar€h'i-c, I a. Per- 
 Mo-nar-ch'i€-al, j taining 
 to a monarch, [monarchy. 
 M6n'ar€h-ist, n. A friend to 
 M6n'ar€h-y, n. Government 
 vested in one man ; a king- 
 dom ; an empire. 
 
 M6n'as-ter-y [colloq. mon'as- 
 try), n. A house of monks. 
 
 Mo-nasai€, a. Pertaining 
 to monks ; secluded. 
 
 Mo-nas'ti-Qism, n. Monas- 
 tic liffev 
 
 Mon'day, n. The day follow- 
 ing-Sunday. 
 
 Mon'e^-ry, a. Relating to 
 money/\ 
 
 Mon'ey (ly), n. Coin for cur- 
 rent use in trade, or a sub- 
 \stitute for it. 
 
 Mo^^i'eyed (mun^id), a. Pos- 
 sessed of money ; rich. 
 
 Mon'grel (mting/grel), a. Of 
 a mixed breed. — n. An an- 
 imal of a mixed breed. 
 
 Mo-ni'tion (-nlsh/un), n. 
 Warning ; instruction. 
 
 Mon'i-tor, n. One who warns ; 
 a subordinate instructor. 
 
 MoiVi-to'ri-al, a. Pertaining 
 to a monitor. [ing. 
 
 M6n'i-to-r7, a. Giving warn- 
 
 Mon'i-tress, n. A female 
 monitor. [monastery. 
 
 Monk, n. One who lives in a 
 
 M6nk'er-y, n. Monastic life 
 or practices. 
 
 Monk'ey (19), n. An animal 
 like the ape or baboon. 
 
 Monk'ish, a. Pertaining to 
 monks. 
 
 M6n'o-dy, 'n. Poetical lament 
 of a single person. 
 
 Mo-n6g'a-mist, n. One who 
 disallows second marriages, 
 
 Mo-nog'a-my, n. Marriage 
 to one wife only 
 
 M6n'o-gram 
 cipher composed 
 letters interwoven. Mono- 
 
 Mon'o-graph, M. A s*"^"^- 
 written account of a single 
 thing. [one person. 
 
 M6n'o-16gue, n. A speech by 
 
 M6n'o-ma'ni-a, n. Derange- 
 ment with regard to one sub- 
 ject only. 
 
 M6n/o-ma'ni-§,-c, n. A per- 
 son affected by monomania. 
 
 Mo-n6p'o-list, I n. One 
 
 Mo-n6p'o-liz/er, j who mo- 
 nopolizes. 
 
 Mo-n6p'o-lize, v. t. To en- 
 gross the whole of. 
 
 Mo-n6p'o-ly, n. Sole right of 
 
 posed of ' ' 
 
 buying and selling <St of 
 trading. 
 M6n/o-3yl-lab'i-c, ) a. Of 
 M6n'o-syl-lab'i€-al, j one 
 
 syllable only. 
 M6n'o-syFla-ble, n. A word 
 
 of one syllable. 
 Mdn'o-the^ism, n. The belief 
 in one God'only. 
 
 M6n'o-tone, n. A single un- 
 varied tone or sound. 
 
 Mo-n6t'o-noiis, a. In tho 
 same tone ; without variety. 
 
 Mo-n6t'o-ny, n. Uniformity 
 of tone ; want of variety. 
 
 Mon-sobn', n. A periodical 
 wind in the Indian ocean. 
 
 Mon'ster, n. Something hor- 
 rid or unnatural. 
 
 Mon-str6s'i-ty, n. State of 
 being monstrous. 
 
 Mdn'strous, a. Abnormal ; 
 enormous ; unnatural. 
 
 M6n'strous-ly, adv. In a 
 shocking, unnatural man- 
 ner ; enormously. 
 
 Month, n. Twelfth part of 
 the year. 
 
 Month'ly, a. Happening 
 every month. — adv. Once 
 a month. [a tomb. 
 
 M6n'u-ment,n. A memorial ; 
 
 M6n^u-m6nt'al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or serving as, a mon- 
 ument ; memorial. 
 
 Mood, n. Temper of mind ; 
 humor ; disposition ; music- 
 al style ; form of conjuga- 
 tion of a verb ; mode. 
 
 Mobd'i-ness, n. Quality of 
 being moody. 
 
 Mdbd'y, a. Governed by 
 moods of feeling ; ill-hu- 
 mored ; angry •, abstracted. 
 
 Moon, n. A satellite of this 
 earth, revolving round it. 
 
 Mdbn'light (ht), 1 n. Light of 
 
 Mo"on 'shine, j the moon. 
 
 Mdbn'-struck, a. Affected 
 by the moon ; lunatic. 
 
 Moor, n. A black man ; a 
 marsh. — v. t. To secure, as 
 a vessel, by means of cables 
 and anchors. 
 
 Mo~or'ings, n. pi. / nchors, 
 chains, &c., to hold a ship. 
 
 Mdbr'ish, a. Marsny ; fenny. 
 
 Mdbr'land, n. Marshy land. 
 
 a, 6, 1, o, Q, y, long / S, S, T, 6, ft, ^ , short ; cOre, car, &Rk, ftU, wh^t ; ^ro, veil, t5rm ; p'que, firm ; 
 
MOOSE 
 
 173 
 
 MOUSE 
 
 Moobc. 
 
 A case ad- 
 
 Moose, n. An 
 animal of the 
 deer kind. 
 
 Moot, V. t. To 
 discuss or de- 
 bate.— a. Dis- 
 putable. 
 
 Mdbt'-€ase, n. 
 mittiug of dispute. 
 
 M6p, n. A cloth, or collection 
 of thrums for cleaning 
 floors, &c. — V. t. To wipe 
 with a mop. 
 
 Mope, V. i. To be very dull. 
 — n. A stupid person. 
 
 Mop'ish, a. Dull ; spiritless. 
 
 Mor'al, a. Pertaining to prac- 
 tice or manners in reference 
 to right and wrong ; virtu- 
 ous ; just ; probable. — n. 
 The precept inculpated by a 
 fable ; {pi. ) conduct ; "be- 
 havior. 
 
 M6r'al-ist (8), n. One who 
 teaches morality. 
 >Mo-rai'i-ty, n. System or 
 
 ^^Ta^ce of moral duties. 
 
 M6r'J^fee, v. t. or i. To dis- 
 course^!^ moral sulyects; to 
 apply io moral purposes. 
 
 Mor'al-ly, Wv. Honestly ; 
 according to^^ l^^muu judg- 
 ment, [duties life. 
 
 Mor'als, n.pl. Practi^ of the 
 
 Mo-rasV, n. A tract o( wet, 
 soft gr^Tfljid ; a marsh pji, feu. 
 
 MSr'bid^ a. Not sound or 
 healthylf — S.y N . Diseased ; 
 sickly ; sicte. [sta^. ' 
 
 M6r'bid-ness, n. A diseipe^ 
 
 M6r'dant, a. Serving t6 fix 
 colors. — n. A substance to 
 fix colors in cloth. 
 
 More, a. Greater in quantity 
 or number. — adv. To a 
 greater degree. — n. Greater 
 quantity or amount. 
 
 Mo-reen', n. A stout kind of 
 woolen stuff. 
 
 More-o'ver (17), adv. Fur- 
 ther; furthermore; besides. 
 
 Mo-resque' (mo-resk^), a. 
 Done after the manner of 
 the Moors, as paintings. 
 
 Morn, I n. The first part 
 
 Morn'ing, ) of the day. 
 
 Mo-r6€'-co, n. Leather of 
 goat or sheep-skin dressed. 
 
 Mortar. 
 
 Mo-rose', a. Of a sour tem- | 
 per. — Syn. Sullen; surly. ] 
 Mo-rose'ly, adv. SuUenh . I 
 Mor'rls, n. A dance ; a game. I 
 Mdr'row, n. Next day after 
 
 the present. 
 Morse, n. The walrus or sea- 
 horse. 
 
 Mor'sel, n. A bite ; a small 
 piece. 
 
 Mor'tal, a. Subject to death ; 
 
 deadly; human. — n. A 
 
 human being. , 
 Mor-tal'i-ty , .flk Subjection to 
 
 death ; nuojlfiwr of deaths. 
 M6r'tal-ly, ip^. So as to 
 
 cause death ^ fatally. 
 Mor'tar, n. A 
 
 kind of cement 
 
 for building :. 
 
 a vessel lued 
 
 for pounding 
 
 things in; a piece of ord- 
 nance for throwing bombs. 
 Morfgage (mor/goj), n. A 
 
 pledge of real estate, -w-v. t. 
 
 To pledge for securing a 
 
 debt. 
 
 Mort'ga-gee' (mor/-), n. One 
 to whom a mortgage is 
 given. 
 
 M6rt'ga-ger (mor/-),n. One 
 wjtio executes a mortgage. 
 
 M6rai-fi-ea,'tion, n. Process 
 of corrupting ; humiliation. 
 
 M6r'ti-fv, V. i. or t. To cor- 
 rupt ; to humble. 
 
 Mor'tise, n. An open- 
 ing or cut to receive 
 a tenon. — v. t. To 
 form Avith a mortise^ •/^m/) 
 
 Mort'main, n. An Eiiiiafer 
 inalienable estate. Mortise. 
 
 Mo-sa'i€,n. Work variegated 
 -by shells and stones of va- 
 rious colors. — a. Composed 
 of mosaic; pertaining to 
 Moses. A| 
 
 JJdsque (m6sk),n. A MohanJ-^ 
 Vmedan house of worship. 
 
 IfCos-qui'to (-ke''-), v. (pi. 
 Mos-qu'i'tog, 18.) A small 
 blood-sucking insect. 
 
 ^M6ss (2), n. A cellular plant 
 
 ^ growing on trees, &c. [moss. 
 
 *M6ss'y, a. Overgrown with 
 
 Most, n. Greatest in number 
 or quantity, — n. The 
 
 greatest number. — adv. In 
 the greatest degree. 
 
 Most'ly, adv. For the great- 
 est part. [tide. 
 
 Mote, n. A very small par- 
 
 M6th, n. A winged insect. 
 
 Moth'er (mUtii/er), n. A fe- 
 male parent ; a slimy sub- 
 stance in vinegar. 
 
 Moth'er-hdbd (muth/er-), n. 
 The state of a mother. 
 
 Moth'er-less, a. Destitute 
 of a mother. 
 
 M6tii'er-ly, a. Like a moth- 
 er ; tender ; maternal. 
 
 Motil'er-w^it, n. Native wit. 
 
 Mo'tion, 71. Act of changing 
 place; movement; a pro- 
 posal made. 
 
 Mo'tion-less, a. Quiescent. 
 
 Mo'tive, a. Causing to move. 
 — gr?. That which incites to 
 vdition or action. — Syn. 
 Inducement ; reason. 
 
 Mot'ley, a. Variegated in 
 color ; party-colored. 
 
 M^tor, n. A moving power. 
 
 M6tfto (18), n. A sentence 
 IlKnipfixed to an essay, &c. ; an 
 'inscription. 
 
 Mfiuld, MouPder, &c. See 
 Maid, Molder, &c. 
 
 MSult. See Molt. 
 
 Mouiid, n. A raised bank ; a 
 b^wark ; a rampart. 
 
 MlDtnit,n. A hill; mountain ; 
 li«ip. — V. i. To rise ; to- 
 soar. — v.t. To put on an)"^ 
 thing that sustains and fits 
 for use ; to ascend. 
 
 Mountain, w. A mass of 
 earth and rock higher than ' 
 a hill. [on a mountain. 
 
 JVIount''ain-eer', n. A dweller 
 
 Mount'ain-ous, a Abound- 
 ing with mountains ; huge, 
 
 Mount'e-bank, n. A quack- 
 doctor ; a boastful pretender. 
 
 Mourn, v. i. or t. To grieve ; 
 to lament. [mourns. 
 
 MGurn'er, n. One who 
 
 Mourn'ful, a. Sorrowful; 
 lamentable. [row. 
 
 Mourn'ful-ly, adv. Withsor- 
 
 Mourn'ing, n . Act of sorrow- 
 ing ; dress of mourners. 
 
 Mouse (21), n. A small well- 
 known animal. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, tcTo, tobk j txni rjje, p\ill ; f, soft ; -e, g, hard; ; exist ; c as ng ; this. 
 
MOUSE 
 
 Mouse, v.i. To watch for and 
 catch mice ; to be ^\y. 
 
 Mous'er, ??. A cat that 
 catches mice. 
 
 Mouth, n. The aperture be- 
 tween the hps, aud the cav- 
 ity Avithia them ; aa opea- 
 ing, as of a cavern. 
 
 Houth, V. t. or i. To utter 
 vvith a loud, affected voice. 
 
 tMouth'ful, n. As much as 
 the mouth holds at once. 
 
 Mouth'-piege, n. Part of an 
 instrument for the mouth ; 
 a spokesman. 
 
 Mpv'a-ble (11), a. Capable 
 of being moved. 
 
 Mgv'a-bles, n. pi. Goods, 
 furniture, &c. 
 
 Move,v. t. To put in motion; 
 to excite to action or com- 
 passion ; to propose or rec- 
 ommend. — V. i. To change 
 place; to act; to make a 
 proposal. — n. Act of mov- 
 ing : movement. 
 
 Move'ment (10), n. Act of 
 moving ; change of place ; 
 excitement. —ISYN. Motion. 
 
 Mov'ing, a. Changing place ; 
 
 pathetic. 
 Mow (m5u), n. A pile of hay 
 in a barn.— t. To heap 
 up in a barn. 
 Mow, V. t. [/wp. mowed; 
 
 p. p. MOWED, MOWN.] To 
 cut down with a scythe. 
 Mown, v- P- of Mow. 
 Much, a. Great in quantity 
 or amount. — n. A great 
 quantity or amount. — adv. 
 1 n a great degree. 
 Mii'gi-lage, n. A viscous or 
 adhesive substance, [ropy. 
 Mu^gi-lag'i-noiis, a. Slimy ; 
 Miick, n. A mass of moist 
 
 matter ; any thing filthy. 
 Mu-eous, a. Slimy ; viscous. 
 Mu'-eus,w. A shmy or viscous 
 
 animal fluid. 
 Mud, n. Earth v^et, soft, and 
 adhesive; mire. — v. t. To 
 make foul with mud. 
 Mud'dle, V. t. To make 
 
 muddy or confused. 
 MM'dy (13), a. Foul ; dirty. 
 — V. t. To make foul; to 
 soil ; to dirty. 
 
 174 
 
 Muff (1), n. A warm fur cover 
 for the hands. [cake. 
 Mui'iin, n. A light kind of 
 Muffle, V. t. To cover close. 
 Muffler, n. A cover for the 
 
 face, head, or neck. 
 Muf'ti(18), n. An official ex- 
 pounder of Mohammedan 
 law in Turkey, [drink from. 
 Mug, n. A kind of cup to 
 Mug'gy, a. Moist and close. 
 Mu-lat'to, n. {pi- Mu-lat'- 
 toes, 18.) The child of a 
 black and a white person. 
 MuPber-ry, n. A tree and 
 
 its berry or fruit. 
 Mulch, n. Half-rotten straw. 
 Mulct, n. A pecuniary pen- 
 alty. — V. t. To punish by 
 a fine ; to fine. 
 Mule, n. An animal or plant 
 of a mongrel kind, [mules. 
 Mu'let-eer', n. A driver of 
 Mui'ish, a. Like a mule ; 
 
 stubborn ; perverse. 
 Mull-(l), V. t. To spice and 
 
 sweeten, as wine. 
 Mul'ler, n. A stone for 
 
 grinding pigments. 
 Mull'ion, n. A bar in a win- 
 dow frame, [great variety. 
 Muiai-fa'ri-ous, a. Having I 
 Muiai-form, a. Having va- 
 rious forms or shapes. ] 
 MuFti-form'i-ty, n Diver- 
 sity of forms, [many names. 
 MulHi-no'mi-al, a.' Having 
 Mul-tip'ar-tite, a. Divided 
 
 into many parts. 
 Mul'ti-ped, n. An insect with 
 
 many feet. 
 Mul'ti-ple, n. A number ex- 
 actly divisible by another. 
 MiiVti-pli-€and', n. A num- 
 ber to bcmultiphed. 
 Miiiai-pli-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 multiplying. [variety. 
 Mul'ti-piiQ/i-ty, n. A great 
 Mul'ti-pll^er, n. One who, 
 
 or that which, multiplies. 
 Mul'ti-ply, V. To increase in 
 numbers. [number. 
 MiiVti-tude, n. A great 
 MuVti-tu'di-nous, n. Con- 
 sisting of a great number. 
 Mum, n. A sort of strong 
 beer. 
 
 Miim'ble, v. To mutter. 
 
 MUSEUM 
 
 Mum'mer, n. A masked buf- 
 foon, [masks; buffoonery. 
 Mvim'mer-y, n. Sport in 
 Mum'my (19), n. A dead 
 
 human body embalmed. 
 Mump'ish, o. Grum ; sullen. 
 Mumps, ?^. Inflammation of 
 
 the parotid gland. 
 Munch, V. t. or i. To chew 
 
 continuously upon. 
 Mun'dane, a. Belonging to 
 
 this world. 
 Mu-nig'i-pal, a. Belonging 
 
 to a city or corporation. 
 Mu-niQ^i-pai'l-ty, n. A dis- 
 trict. 
 
 Mu-nif i-genge, n. Liberal- 
 ity ; generosity. 
 Mu-nif'i-gent. a. Giving gen- 
 erously. — Syn. Liberal; 
 beneficent ; bountiful. 
 Mu'ni-ment, n. A fortifica- 
 tion ; a record or title-deed. 
 Mu-ni'ticn (-nish/un), n. 
 
 Materials for war. [wall. 
 Mu'ral, a. Pertain in g to a 
 Mur'der, n. Act of killing a 
 human being with premed- 
 itated malice, — v. t. To 
 assassinate ; to destroy. 
 Mur'der-er, n. One who is 
 
 guilty of murder. 
 Mur'der-cus, a. Pertaining 
 j to, or guilty of, murder. 
 Mu'ri-afi-e, a. Obtained 
 from , or having the nature 
 of, sea-salt. 
 Mr.rk'y, a. Dark ; gloomy. 
 Mur'mur, r. t. To mutter; 
 to grumble; to purl. — n. 
 A low, continued noise ; a 
 half-suppressed complaint. 
 Mur'rain, n. An infectious 
 
 disease among cattle. 
 Mus'gle (mus^sl), n. The 
 fleshy fiber in animals ; a 
 certain shell-fish. [sugar. 
 Mus^-eo-va'do, n.- Unrefined 
 Mus'-eu-lar, a. Relating to 
 the muscles ; strong ; power- 
 ful ; brawny. 
 Mu§e (18), 7\. Deep thought; 
 ( pi. ) the nine goddesses pre- 
 siding over the arts and 
 sciences, — v. i. To think 
 deeplv. 
 
 Mu-§e'um, n. A repository 
 or cabinet of curiosities. 
 
 r> 1 tt 11 V 
 
 lon^ ; 5, 6 J, 6, tt. % short ; care, car, ask, gll, wh^t ; 8re, veil, tCrm ; pique, firm ? 
 
MUSII 
 
 175 
 
 NAMESAKE 
 
 Mush, n. Food made of maizo 
 uieal. [plant. 
 
 Mush'room, »i. A fuisgous 
 
 Mu'gie (6), n. Science of har- 
 monical sounds ; melody or 
 harmony. [harmonious. 
 
 Mu'§i-c-al, a. Melodious ; 
 
 Ma'sio-al-ly, adv. In a mu- 
 sical manner. 
 
 Ma-§i'cian (-zTih^an), n. One 
 skilled in music. 
 
 Musk, n. An animal, and a 
 strong-scented substance 
 procured from it. — v. t. To 
 perfume with musk. 
 
 Mus'ket, n. A kind of fire- 
 arm, [general. 
 
 Mus'ket-ry, n. Muskets in 
 
 Musk'-mePon, n. A fra- 
 grant species of melon. 
 
 Musk'-6x, n. A kind of ox 
 living in the country about 
 Hudson's Bay. 
 
 Musk'y, a. Having the odor 
 of musk. [cloth. 
 
 Mus'lin, n. A fine cotton 
 
 Mus-qui'to. See Mosquito. 
 
 Mus'sul-man (21), n. A be- 
 liever in the Koran ; a Mo- 
 hammedan. 
 
 Must, v.i. To be obliged; to be 
 morally fit. — v. t. To grow 
 moldy or sour. — n. New 
 wine unfermented. 
 
 Mus-taQhe', n. sing. ) Hair 
 
 ,Mus-ta'Qhes, n. /v/. ) on 
 the upper lip. 
 
 Mus'tarcl, n. A plant, and a 
 condiment prepared from it. 
 
 Mus'ter, v, t, or i. To as- 
 
 semble. — n. A review of 
 troops ; assemblage and dis- 
 play. [Iness ; sourness-. 
 
 Mus'ti-ness (13), n. Mold- 
 
 Mus'ty, a. Aifected with 
 mold ; stale. 
 
 Muaa-bil'i-ty, n. Change- 
 ableness ; inconstancy. 
 
 Mu'ta-ble, a. Subject, or 1 
 given to, change ; change- 
 able; fickle; inconstant. 
 
 Mu-ta'tion, n. Change or 
 process of changing. 
 
 Mute, a. Silent ; speechless ; 
 dumb. — n. One who is 
 silent or speechless. 
 
 Mute'ly (10),a£/i'. Silently. 
 
 Mute'ness, n. Silence. 
 
 Mu'ti-late, v. t. To cut off, 
 as a limb ; to mangle. 
 
 Mu''tl-la'tion, n. Depriva- 
 tion of an essential part. 
 
 Ma''ti-neer', n. One who joins 
 in a mutiny, [disorderly. 
 
 Mu'ti-nous, a. Seditious ; 
 
 Mu'ti-ny, n. An insurrection 
 of soldiers or seamen. — v. ?'. 
 To rise against military or 
 naval authority. 
 
 Mut'ter, V. To speak low and 
 sullenly, or in complaint; 
 to murmur ; to grumble. 
 
 Mut'ton, n. Flesh of sheep. 
 
 Mut'u-al, a. Reciprocal ; 
 acting in return. 
 
 Mut'u-aJ'i-ty, n. State of 
 being mutual ; reciproca- 
 tion, [cally. 
 
 Mut'u-al-ly, arlv. Recipro- 
 
 Muz'zle, V. t. To fasten the 
 
 mouth of. — n. Mouth .ind 
 nose of an animal ; a fi.-teu- 
 ing for the mouth. 
 
 My, a. Belonging to rro. 
 
 Myr'i-ad, n. The nunibcr of 
 10. (JUL) ; a large nun.^er. 
 
 Myr'mi-don (mrr/ml-) A 
 rough soldier; a ruffian. 
 
 Myrrh (mcr), n. An in; pio- 
 sated sap in drops. 
 
 Myr'tle (mt-r/tl), n. A shrub 
 of several sp<icie3. [other. 
 
 My-self, pron. I ; not an- 
 
 Mys-te'ri-ous, a. Full of 
 mystery ; obscure. 
 
 Mys'ter-y, n. A profound 
 secret ; an enigma ; a trade. 
 
 Mj»s'ti€, n. One who pro- 
 fesses to have direct inter- 
 course with God. 
 
 M/s'tic, I a. Obscure ; 
 
 Mys'ti€-al, ) secret ; hidden ; 
 allegorical ; emblematical. 
 1 Mys'ti€-al-ly, adv. With a 
 I secret meaning. 
 ' Mys'ti-Qigm, n. Obscurity 
 I of doctrine ; the doctrines 
 
 of mystics. 
 } Mys'ti-fy, v. t. To perplex 
 ! purposely. 
 
 ' Mv^th. n. A religious fable. 
 I My-th'ic. a. Fabufous. 
 Mvth'o-log'i-e, I a. Per- 
 Myth/o-16g'i€-al,j taining 
 j to mythology. 
 I My-th6Po-gist, n. One 
 versed in mythology. 
 My-th61'o-gy, n. A system 
 of fabulous doctrines re- 
 specting heathen deities. 
 
 NT. 
 
 AB, v. t. To catch sud- 
 denly ; to seize. 
 Na'bob, n. A viceroy Sn In- 
 dia ; a very rich man. 
 Kl'-ere (nicker, 29), n. 
 
 Mother of pearl. 
 Na'dir, n. Point directly op- 
 posite the zenith. 
 Nag, n. A small horse. 
 Na'iad (na-'yad), n. (Eng. pi. 
 
 Na'iads; Lat. pi. Na'ia- 
 des or l^a-i'a-de§.) A water 
 nymph. 
 
 Nail, n. A claw ; a horny sub- 
 stance on the ends of the 
 fingers ; an iron pin ; two 
 inches and a quarter. — r. 
 t. {%) To fasten with a nail. 
 
 Na'ked, a. Having no cov- 
 ering ; bare ; nude. 
 
 Na'ked-ly, adv. Openly ; 
 
 plainly ; barrenly. 
 Na'ked-ness, n. Bareness. 
 Name, n. Title ; reputation. 
 
 — V. t. To mention by 
 
 name ; to denominate. 
 Name 'less (10), a. Having 
 
 no name. 
 Name'ly, adv. That is to say. 
 I Name'sake (17), n. A person 
 
 89n, or, do, wolf, too, took ; Urn, rije, pull ; p, g;, soft; -e, g, hard; a£ ; exist ; q as ng ; tl;iis. 
 
NANKEEN 
 
 176 
 
 NEED 
 
 of the same name as anoth- 
 er, [cotton cloth. 
 
 Nan-keen', n. A yellowish 
 
 Nap, n. A short sleep ; AvooUy 
 substance on cloth. — v. i. 
 To sleep a short time. 
 
 Nape, n. The back part of 
 the neck. 
 
 Naph'tha (naphtha or nSf/- 
 tha), n. A bituminous and 
 inflammable liquid. 
 
 Nap'kin, n. A cloth to wipe 
 the mouth and hands. 
 
 Nap'py, a. Sleepy ; causing 
 sleepiness ; heady ; downy. 
 
 Nar-eot'i-e, a. Inducing 
 sleep. — n.. An opiate. 
 
 Nard, n. An odorous plant 
 and an unguent made from 
 it ; spikenard. 
 
 Nar'rate, or Nar-rate', v. t. 
 To tell ; to relate. 
 
 Nar-ra'tion, n. Relation ; re- 
 hearsal ; recital ; account. 
 
 N^r'ra-tive, n. A recital of 
 particulars ; a story. 
 
 Nar'row, a. Having little 
 ^Yidth ; close ; covetous. — 
 V. To make or become less 
 broad ; to contract. 
 
 Nar'row-ly, adv. Closely; 
 nearly ; hardly ; barely. 
 
 Nar'rows, n. pL A narrow 
 passage ; a strait. 
 
 Nar'whal, n. A kind of 
 whale, called also sea-uni- 
 corn. 
 
 Na'sal, a. Pertaining to the 
 nose. [exist or to grow. 
 
 Nas'Qent, a. Beginning to 
 
 Nas'ty, a. Dirty ; filthy ; vile. 
 
 Na'tal, a. Relating to na- 
 tivity or birth. 
 
 Nil'tion, n. People living 
 under one government : a 
 race ; a stock. 
 
 Na'tion-al (nash'un-), a. 
 Pertaining to a nation. 
 
 Na'tion-aPi-ty (nash^un-), n. 
 Love of one^s nation ; a na- 
 tion ; a race. 
 
 Na'tive, a. Born with the 
 being ; pertaining to the 
 place of one's birth. — Syn. 
 Natural ; natal. — n. One 
 born in a place. 
 
 Na-tiv'i-ty, n. Time, place, 
 or circumstances of birth. 
 
 NS.t'u-ral, a. Pertaining to 
 nature ; regular ; not re- 
 vealed ; unatfected. — n. An 
 idiot : a fool. 
 
 Nat'u-ral-ist, n. One yersed 
 in natural history. 
 
 Nat^u-ral-i-za'tion, n. Ad- 
 mission to native privileges. 
 
 Nat'u-ral-ize (31), ^•. «. To 
 confer the rights of citizen- 
 ship on. [to nature. 
 
 Nat'u-ral-ly, adv. According 
 
 Nat'ure,n. Native character ; 
 kind ; sort ; the creation or 
 universe ; established or 
 regular course ; natural af- 
 fection, [bad; vile. 
 
 Naught (nawt), n. Nothing ; 
 
 Naught'i-ly (nawt^-), adv. In 
 a naughty manner. 
 
 Naught'i-ness, n. Badness ; 
 perverseness. [corrupt. 
 
 Naught'y (nawt/y), a. Bad; 
 
 Nau'se-a(naw^she-a), w. Sick- 
 ness at the stomach ; loath- 
 ing ; qualm. 
 
 Nau'se-ate (naw/she-at),i'. t. 
 To affect or reject with dis- 
 gust ; to loathe. [some. 
 
 Nau'seous (-shus), a. Loath- 
 
 Nau'ti€-al, a. Pertaining to 
 seamen or to navigation. 
 
 Nau'ti-lus, n. A 
 certain mollusk or 
 its shell. 
 
 Na'val, a. Belong- 
 ing to ships. Nautilus. 
 
 Nave, n. Middle part of a 
 church and also of a Avheel. 
 
 Na'vel (na'vl), n. The middle 
 of the abdomen. [ships. 
 
 Nav'i-ga-ble, a. Passable for 
 
 Nav'i-gate, -y. i. or To pass 
 with ships ; to sail. 
 
 Nav^i-ga'tion, n. Act or art 
 of navigating ; ships in gen- 
 eral. 
 
 Nav'i-ga''tor, n. One who di- 
 rects the course of a ship. 
 
 Na'vy, n. A fleet of ships, 
 especially of war-ships. 
 
 Nay, adv. No ; a word of de- 
 nying. — n. Denial. 
 
 Neap, n. The pole of a cart. 
 — a. Low; as, neap tides. 
 
 Near, a. Not distant ; close ; 
 intimate ; immediate ; cov- 
 etous. — V. To approach. — 
 
 adv. "Within a little. — prep. 
 Close by ; not far from . [ly. 
 
 Near'ly,a(^f. At hand ; close- 
 
 Near'ness, n. Closeness. 
 
 Near'-sighVed (-sit^-), a. 
 Seeing at a small distance 
 only. [pure» 
 
 Neat, a. Very clean ; nice; 
 
 Neat'-e^t^tle, n. pi. Oxen 
 and cows. 
 
 Neat'ly, adv. Cleanly ; nicely. 
 
 Neat'ness, n. Cleanliness; 
 niceness ; purity. 
 
 Neb'u-la, n. {pi. Neb'u-lae, 
 25.) A faint misty spot in 
 the sky, composed of innu- 
 merable stars. 
 
 Neb^u-16s'i-ty, n. State of 
 being nebulous. 
 
 Neb'u-lous, a. Resembling 
 a nebula, or a collection of 
 vapors. [needful. 
 
 NeQ'es-sa-rie§,n p^. Things 
 
 NeQ'es-sa-ri-ly, adv. From 
 necessity ; inevitably. 
 
 Neg'es-sa-ry, a. Such as 
 must be ; indispensable. 
 
 Ne-Qes'si-tate,tJ. To make 
 necessary ; to compel. 
 
 Ne-Qes'si-tous, a. Very needy. 
 
 Ne-g6s'si-ty, n. That which 
 must be ; pressing need ; 
 extreme indigence ; irresist- 
 ible force. 
 
 Neck, n. The part between 
 the head and body ; a nar- 
 row tract of land. 
 
 Neck'€loth, n. A cloth for 
 men-s necks. 
 
 Neck'er-chief (17), n. A ker- 
 chief for the neck. 
 
 Neck'lage, n. A string of 
 beads, &c., for the neck. 
 
 Ne-€r61'0'gy, n. A register 
 of the dead or of deaths. 
 
 Ne€'ro-man''Qer, n. A sor- 
 cerer ; a wizard. 
 
 Nee'ro-man/Qy, n. Conjurar 
 tion ; sorcery ; witchcraft. 
 
 Ne€'tar, n. The fabled drink 
 of the gods. [tar. 
 
 Ne-e-ta're-an, a. Like nec- 
 
 Ne€'tar-ine, n. A variety of 
 the peach. 
 
 Ne-c'tar-y , n. The honey-cup 
 of a flower. 
 
 Need, n. Occasion for some- 
 thing; urgent want. — Syn. 
 
 a, e, I, 6, u, y , long / 5, e, 1, 6, tt, 5^, short ; cure, car, ask, all, wh^t j ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
NEEDFUL 
 
 177 
 
 NICTITATION 
 
 Necessity ; exigency ; strait. 
 
 — V. t. To want. — v.i. To 
 be wanted. [requisite. 
 
 Need'ful (17), a. Necessary ; 
 
 Nee'd.le(18), n. A pointed in- 
 strument for sewinj?, and 
 for the mariner's compass. 
 
 Need'less, a. Unnecessary. 
 
 Need'less-ly, adv. Without 
 necessity. 
 
 Needg, a(Jv. Indispensably. 
 
 Need'y, a. Necessitous ; poor. 
 
 Ne'cr, adv. A contraction of 
 Never. [wicked. 
 
 Ne-fa/ri-ous, a. Abominably 
 
 Ne-ga'tion, n. Denial. 
 
 Neg'a-tive, a. Implying de- 
 nial. — n. A word indicating 
 denial, as not. — v. t. To 
 prove the contrary of; to 
 deny. [or by denial. 
 
 Neg'a-tive-ly, adv. With 
 
 Neg-le<;t', v. t. To omit by 
 carelessness. — n. Omis- 
 sion ; slight. [careless. 
 
 Neg-lect'ful, a. Heedless ; 
 
 Neg'li-gen'ge, n. Habitual 
 omission of that which 
 ought to be done. 
 
 Neg'll-gent, a. Apt to neg- 
 lect ; heedless ; inattentive. 
 
 Ne-go'ti-a-ble (-shT-a-), a. 
 Capable of being negotiated. 
 
 Ne-go'ti-ate (-shi-fit), v. To 
 trade ; to treat with ; to sell. 
 
 Ne-go''ti-a'tion ( -shl-a/shun ), 
 n. A treaty of business. 
 
 Ne'gress, n. A female negro. 
 
 Ne'gro, n. (pi. Ne'groes, 
 18), n. A black African, or a 
 descendant of one. 
 
 Ne'gus, n. Wine, water, su- 
 gar, and lemon-juice, mixed. 
 
 Neigh (na), v. i. To whinny, 
 as a horse. — n. Voice of a 
 horse. 
 
 Neigh'bor (na/bur), n. One 
 who lives near ; a country^ 
 or nation near. — v. i. To 
 live near ; to adjoin. 
 
 Neigh'bor-ing (na/-), a. 
 Living or being near. 
 
 Neigh'bor-hdbd (na/-), n. A 
 place near ; vicinity. 
 
 Neigh'bor-ly (na/-), a. Culti- 
 vating familiar intercourse. 
 
 Nei'ther (ne/ther or ni/ther ; 
 
 — the former mode is much 
 
 to be preferred], pron. Not 
 either. — conj. Nor. 
 
 Ne-61'o-gi§m, n. A new word 
 or expression. 
 
 Ne-61'o-gist, n. One who 
 holds to neology. 
 
 Ne-61'o-gy, n. Introduction 
 or use of new words or 
 terms ; new doctrines, [vert. 
 
 Ne'o-phyte, n. A new con- 
 
 Neph'ew (nef/yij ; in Eng. 
 nev/yu), n. Son of a brother 
 or sister. 
 
 Ne-phrit'i-c, a. Pertaining to 
 the kidneys. [relations. 
 
 Nep'o-tigm, n. Favoritism to 
 
 Ne're-id, n. A sea-nymph. 
 
 Nerve (18), n. An organ of 
 sensation and motion in ani- 
 mals ; firmness ; strength. — 
 V. t. To give vigor to. 
 
 Nerve'less (10), a. Without 
 strength. 
 
 Nerv'ine (11), a. Good for 
 the nerves. — n. A medi- 
 cine that soothes nervous 
 excitement. 
 
 Nerv'ous, a. Of or pertaining 
 to the nerves ; strong ; vig- 
 orous ; having weak or dis- 
 eased nerves. 
 
 Nerv'ous-ly, adv. In a nerv- 
 ous manner. 
 
 Nerv'ous-ness, n. State of 
 being nervous, [norance. 
 
 Nes'cienQe (nesh/enss), n. Ig- 
 
 Nest, w. A bed for birds or 
 insects ; a collection of box- 
 es, &c. 
 
 Nes'tle (nes/1), v. i. To lie 
 close ; to move restlessly. 
 
 Nest 'ling (nes/-), n. A bird 
 just hatched. 
 
 Net, n. An instrument of 
 mesh -work for catching fish 
 and fowls. — v. t. (7) To 
 make into net-work ; to pro- 
 duce in clear profit. — a. 
 Clear of all charges and de- 
 ductions. 
 
 Netii'er, a. Lower ; infernal. 
 
 Netii'er-m5st, a. Lowest. 
 
 Net'ting, n. A piece of net- 
 work. 
 
 Net'tle, n. A prickly plant. 
 
 — V. t. To sting ; to vex. 
 N6t'-work (-wQrk), n. Work 
 
 wrought for or like a net. 
 
 Neu-r3,l'gi-a, n. Acute pain 
 
 in the nerves. 
 Neu-ral'^i€, a. Relating to 
 
 neuralgia. 
 Neu'ter, a. Of neither party ; 
 
 of neither gender. 
 Neu'tral, a. Not of either 
 party . — n. One that takea 
 no part in a contest. 
 Neu-trai'i-ty, n. State of 
 being neutral ; indifi'erence. 
 Neu/tral-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 rendering neuter, [neutral. 
 Neii'tral-ize, v. t. To render 
 Nev'er, ndv. At no time. 
 Ney/er-tlie-lfess', adv. Not- 
 withstanding ; however ; yet. 
 New (nti), a. Fresh ; recent ; 
 
 modern. [formed. 
 New-f^n'gled, a. Newly 
 New'ly,~ar/r. Freshly ; lately. 
 New'ness, n. Freshness ; 
 
 novelty; recent change. 
 New§, n. Fresh information. 
 News'mon/ger (-mung/ger), 
 
 n. A dealer in news. 
 New§'pa-per, n. A paper to 
 
 circulate news. 
 Newt (niit), n. A small lizard. 
 Next, a. Nearest in place, 
 time or rank. — adv. At the 
 time or turn nearest. 
 Nib, n. A point, as of a pen ; 
 
 the end of a beak. 
 Nib'ble, 71. A little bite. — 
 
 V. i. or t. To eat slowly. 
 Nige, a. Pleasing ; exact ; 
 
 fine ; refined ; squeamish. 
 Nige'ly, adv. Accurately; 
 
 delicately. 
 Ni'ge-ty, n. Accuracy ; mi- 
 nuteness ; delicacy. [wall. 
 Niche, n. A small recess in a 
 Nick, n. A notch ; a score 
 for keeping an account ; ex- 
 act point. — V. t. To cut in 
 notches ; to hit. [metal. 
 Nick'el, n. A grayish- white 
 Nick'-nacks, n. pt. Small 
 
 wares ; trities. 
 Nick'name, n. A name in 
 sport or contempt. — v. t. 
 To name in contempt or 
 familiarity. 
 Ni€'tate, ) V. I. To wink ; 
 Ni€'ti-tate, j to blink. 
 Ni€-ta'tion. ) n. The act 
 Ni«/ti-ta'tion, j of winkifag. 
 
 son 
 
 I, or, do, wolf, tob, tobk ; 1irn, rije, pull ; 9, soft ; -e, g, hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 12 
 
NIECE 
 
 178 
 
 NON-RESISTANCE 
 
 Niege, n. A dauglfter of a 
 
 brother or sister. 
 Nig'gard, n. A stiugy person. 
 Nig'gard, } a. Sordidly 
 Nig'gard-ly, j parsimoni- 
 ous ; meanly covetous. 
 Nigh (ni), a. Near; allied 
 
 closely. — adv. Nearly ; 
 
 closely. — prep. Near to. 
 Night (nit), n. Time from 
 
 sunset to sunrise. 
 Night'cap (nit/-), n. A cap 
 
 worn in bed. [of day. 
 
 Night'-fall (nit/-), n. Close 
 Night'go'wn (nTt^-), n. A 
 
 loose gown worn in bed. 
 Night'hawk (nTt/-),n. A bird 
 
 that hunts its prey toward 
 
 evening. 
 Night'in-gale (nTt'-), n. A 
 
 SDiall bird that sings at 
 
 night. 
 
 Night'ly (nIt/150, a. Done 
 by night. — adv. Every 
 night. 
 
 Night'mare (nit/-), n. Sen- 
 sation of weight on the 
 breast in sleep. 
 
 Night'shade (nit/-), n. A 
 plant with small white 
 flowers. 
 
 Night'-watch (nW-), n. A 
 division or period of the 
 night ; guard at night. 
 
 Ni-hil'i-ty, n. Nothingness. 
 
 Nim'ble, a. Light and quick 
 in motion ; brisk ; agile. 
 
 Nim'bly, adv. With agility. 
 
 Nim'bus, n. Circle of rays 
 round the head ; a halo. 
 
 Nine, a. Eight and one 
 added. [or game. 
 
 Nlne'ping, n. A kind of play 
 
 Nine'teen, a. Nine and ten. 
 
 Nme'ti-eth, a. Ordinal of 90. 
 
 Nine'ty, a. Nine times ten. 
 
 Nm'ny, n. A simpleton. 
 
 Ninth, n. The ordinal of nine. 
 
 Nip, V. t. To pinch ; to blast, 
 as by frost ; to destroy ; to 
 bite. — w. A pinch ; a blast. 
 
 Nip'perg, n. pi. Small pinch- 
 
 Nip'ple, n. A teat. [era. 
 
 Nit, n. The egg of an insect. 
 
 Nit'id, a. Shining ; gay. 
 
 NPter I (29), n. Nitrate of 
 
 Nl'tre \ potassa, a white 
 chemical salt. 
 
 Ni'trate, n. A salt formed of 
 nitric acid and a base. 
 
 NI'tri€, a. Containing niter. 
 
 Nl'tro-gen, n. A gas, having 
 no taste or smell. 
 
 NPtrous, a. Pertaining to, 
 or containing, niter. 
 
 No, adv. A word of denial. 
 
 — a. Not any ; none. 
 No-bil'i-ty, n. Dignity of 
 
 mind; distinction of family 
 or rank ; body of nobles. 
 No'ble, a. Dignified from 
 rank, intellect, or character. 
 
 — Syn. Exalted; elevated; 
 honorable. — n. A person 
 of rank. 
 
 No'ble-man (21), n. A man 
 of rank. 
 
 No'ble-ness, n. Greatness of 
 mind ; dignity ; worth. 
 
 No-blesse', or'Nd'blesse, n. 
 Body of nobles. 
 
 No'bly, adv. With dignity ; 
 with greatness of soul, 
 splendor, &c. [one. 
 
 No'b6d-y, n. No person ; no 
 
 No-e-tam'bu-list, n. One who 
 walks in sleep. 
 
 No-c-tur'nal, a. Nightly. 
 
 N6d, n. A quick inclination 
 of the head. — v. i. To bow 
 the head. 
 
 Nod'dle, n. The head. 
 
 Nod'dy, n. A simpleton. 
 
 N5de, n. A knot ; point 
 where the orbit of a planet 
 intersects the ecliptic. 
 
 N6d'u-lar, a. Pertaining to, 
 or in the form of, a nodule. 
 
 N6d'ule, n. A rounded mass 
 of irregular shape. 
 
 N6g, n. A little pot ; a nog- 
 gin ; strong ale ; a wooden 
 pin. [wooden cup. 
 
 N6g'gin, n. A small mug or 
 
 Noise (18), n. Sound of any 
 kind. — V. i. or t. To sound 
 loud. [noise. 
 
 Noi§e'less, a. Making no 
 
 Noi'§i-ly, adv. AVith noise. 
 
 Noi'§i-ness, n. State of be- 
 ing noisy. 
 
 Noi'some, a. Offensive ; hurt- 
 ful and disgusting. 
 
 Noi'§y (noi/z.V), a. Clamor- 
 ous ; boisterous ; turbulent. 
 N6m'ad, n. One who leads 
 
 a wandering and pastoral 
 
 life. [place to place. 
 
 No-mad'i€, a. Moving from 
 N6/men-elat'ilre, n. System 
 
 of names in any art or 
 
 science. 
 
 Nom'i-nal, a. Existing in 
 , name only ; not real . [only. 
 N6m'i-nal-ly, adv. In name 
 Nom'i-nate, v. t. To name; 
 
 to propose. [nominating. 
 N6m/i-na'tion, n. Act of 
 N6m'i-na-tive, a. Pertain- 
 ing to a name. — n. Case 
 in which the subject of a 
 verb stands. 
 Nomd-nee', n. One desig- 
 nated by another. 
 N6n'age,n. Minority in age. 
 Non'-at-tend'ange, n. A 
 
 failure to attend. 
 N6n/-€on-du€t'or,n. A sub- 
 stance that does not trans- 
 mit heat or electricity. 
 N6n/-eon-f6rm'ist, n. One 
 who does not conform to an 
 established church. 
 N6n/-eon-f6rra'i-ty, n.Want 
 
 of conformity. 
 N6n'de-S€ript, a. Not hith- 
 erto described. 
 None (nttn ornon),a. & pron. 
 
 No one ; not any. 
 Non-en'ti-ty,n. A thing not 
 
 existing, 
 N5ne§, n. pi. In ancient 
 Rome, the 7th of March, 
 May, July, and October, 
 and the 5th of the other 
 months. [has no equal. 
 N6ne'such, n. A thing that 
 N6n/-ex-ist'enQe, n. Want 
 
 of existence. 
 Non-ju'ror, or NSn'-j^-ror, 
 n. One who refuses to 
 swear allegiance. 
 Non-pa-r6il', (-relO, n. A 
 small kind of type like that 
 here used. 
 N6n'plus, n. A puzzle. — v. t. 
 
 To puzzle ; to confound. 
 Non-r6§'i-dent, a. Not re- 
 siding in a particular place. 
 — n. One who does not re- 
 side on his estate. 
 N6n/-re-§ist'ange, n. Sub- 
 mission to authority or 
 power without opposition. 
 
 a, C, 1, 6, n, y , long ; a, c, i , 6, u, y , short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t : Sre, vQil, torm ; pique, firm ; 
 
NON-RESISTANT 
 
 179 
 
 NUMISMATICS 
 
 N6ii^-re-§ist'ant, a. Not re- 
 sisting power or oppression. 
 
 NSn'sense, n. Words with- 
 out meaning or importance. 
 
 Non-sens'i€-al, a. Unmean- 
 ing ; absurd; foolish. 
 
 Ndn'suit, n. The stopping 
 of a suit at law. — v. t. To 
 adjudge that a plaintiff 
 drops his suit. 
 
 No5k, n. A corner ; a recess. 
 
 Noon, 71. Middle of the day. 
 
 Noon'day, I n. Mid-day ; 
 
 Ndbn'tlde, ) time of noon. 
 
 Ndbn'ing, n. Repose at noon. 
 
 Noose {or nubz), n. A run- 
 ning knot. 
 
 Noose (nobz), V. t. To catch 
 in a noose. [nies. 
 
 Nor, conj. A word that de- 
 
 Nor'mal, a. Regular ; teach- 
 ing rudiments or principles. 
 
 North, n. Point opposite 
 the south. — a. Being in the 
 north, [the north and east. 
 
 N6rth-east',n. Point between 
 
 North-east'ern , a . Per tain- 
 ing to the north-east. 
 
 N6rth'er-ly, a. Being to- 
 >vard, or from, the north. 
 
 Nortii'ern, a. Being in, or 
 toward, or from, the north. 
 
 N6rt±L'ward, a. Being to- 
 ward the north. — adv. In 
 a northern direction. 
 
 N6rth-w6st', n. The point 
 between the north and west. 
 — a. Being in, or proceed- 
 ing from, the north-west. 
 
 North-west 'ern, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the north-west. 
 
 Nose, n. Prominent part of 
 the face ; organ of smell. — 
 V. t. To smell; to lead 
 "blindly. [flowers. 
 
 Nose'gay, n. A bunch of 
 
 No-s6Po-gy, n. Classification 
 of diseases. [the nose. 
 
 NSs'tril, n. A passage through 
 
 N6s'trum, n. A medicine, 
 the ingredients of which are 
 not made public. 
 
 N6t, ariv. A word that ex- 
 presses denial or negation. 
 
 N6t'a-ble, a. Remarkable; 
 conspicuous ; noted, 
 
 Not'a-ble, a. Actively in- 
 dustrious. 
 
 Not'a-bly, adv. Remarkably ; 
 eminently. [ously. 
 
 N6t'a-bly, adv. Tndu&tri- 
 
 No-ta'ri-al, a. Relating to, 
 or done by, a notary. 
 
 No'ta-ry (19), n. An officer 
 who attests writings. 
 
 No-ta'tion, n. Act of noting 
 by figures, or characters. 
 
 N6tch(18), n. Acutornick. 
 
 Note, n. A mark; a token; 
 a short writing ; a charac- 
 ter in music ; a paper prom- 
 ising payment of a debt. — 
 V. t. To set down ; to ob- 
 serve closely ; to denote. 
 
 N5te'-b(5bk, n. Book for 
 notes or memoranda. 
 
 Not'ed, a. Well known by 
 reputation or report. 
 
 Noth'ing (nuth^ing or noth/- 
 ing), n. Not any thing. 
 
 Noth'ing-ness [or noth/ing-), 
 n. Non-existence; nonentity. 
 
 No'tige, n. Attention ; re- 
 mark ; regard ; information. 
 — V. t. To observe ; to see. 
 
 N6'tiQe-a-ble, a. Worthy of 
 observation. [notifying. 
 
 No'ti-fi-^a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 No'ti-fy (13), V. t. To de- 
 clare ; to make known. 
 
 No'tion, n. Conception; 
 opinion ; sentiment ; atritle. 
 
 No'tion-al, a. Existing in idea 
 only ; whimsical ; fanciful. 
 
 No^to-ri'e-ty, n. Public 
 knowledge or exposure. 
 
 No-to'ri-ous, a. Publicly 
 known (usually to disad- 
 vantage). 
 
 N6t^witti-stS,nd'ing, p. pr. 
 (commonly called an adv. or 
 &conj.) Nevertheless. 
 
 Nought (nawt). See Naught. 
 
 Noun, n. A word which is the 
 name of any thing. 
 
 Nour'ish, v. t. To support 
 with food ; to nurture ; to 
 feed ; to cherish. 
 
 Nour'ish-ment, n. Food; 
 sustenance ; nutrition. 
 
 Nov'el, a. New ; recent ; 
 unusual. — n. A fictitious 
 tale. [novels. 
 
 N6v'el-ist (8), n. A writer of 
 
 N6v'el-ty, n. Newness; a 
 new thing. 
 
 No-v6m'ber, n. Eleventh 
 month of the year. / 
 
 N6v'ige,n. A beginner 
 
 No-vi'ti-ate (-vish'i-at), n. 
 State of a novice ; a novice. 
 
 Now, ac/v. At this time. 
 
 Now'a-day§,.ac/f. At the 
 present time. [or state. 
 
 No^where, adv. In no place 
 
 N6'wi§e, adv. By no means. 
 
 Nox'ious (nok'shus), a. 
 Hurtful ; destructive. 
 
 N6z'zle, 71. A nose ; snout. 
 
 Nu'€le-us, «. [pi. Nu'€le-us- 
 e§, or Nu'€le-i, 25.) A body 
 about which any thing is 
 collected ; body of a comet. 
 
 Nude, a. Bare; naked. 
 
 Nu'di-ty, n. Nakedness. 
 
 Nu'ga-to-ry , a. Of no force ; 
 tritiing; vain. 
 
 Nug'get, 11. A lump of metal 
 or ore. 
 
 Nui'sange, n. That which is 
 offensive to the public. 
 
 Null (1), a. Void ; of no force. 
 
 Nul'li-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 nullifying. 
 
 Nul'li-fy, V. t. To make void. 
 
 NuFli-ty, n. Want of force ; 
 any thing void or invalid. 
 
 Numb (nilm), a. Torpid; 
 void of feeling. — v. t. To 
 deprive of feeling. — SVN. 
 To deaden ; chill ; stupefy. 
 
 Niim'ber, n. A unit or any 
 assemblage of units ; meas- 
 ure ; poetry ; verse ; [pi.) 
 fourth book of the Penta- 
 teuch. — V. t. To count; 
 to reckon ; to enumerate. 
 
 Niim'ber-less, a. More than 
 can be counted. 
 
 Nu'mer-al, a. Relating to 
 number. — n. A figure or 
 letter to express a number. 
 
 Nii^mer-a'tion, n. Act or 
 art of numbering. 
 
 Nu'mer-a^tor, n. A number 
 that shows how many parts 
 are taken. [number. 
 
 Nu-mer'i-e-al, a. Denoting 
 
 Nu-mer'i€-al-ly, adv. With 
 respect to number. 
 
 Nu'mer-ous, a. Being or 
 containing many. 
 
 Nu''mis-niat'i-es,n. sing. The 
 science of coins and medals. 
 
 a6ii, or, do, wglf, tcTb, tcJbk ; Qm, rye, piiU ; 9, ^, soft; e, g, hard; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
NUMSKULL 
 
 180 
 
 OBLIQUITY 
 
 Num'skull (17), n. A block- 
 head ; a dunce ; a dolt. 
 
 Nun, n. A womaa devoted 
 to a religious life, and living 
 in a cloister. 
 
 Nun'ci-0 (-shi-), n. Embas- 
 sador of the pope. 
 
 Nun-eu'pa-tive, or Nun'-eu- 
 pa-'tive, a. Verbally pro- 
 nounced ; not written. 
 
 Nun'ner-y, n. A house for 
 nuns ; a cloister. 
 
 Nup'tiaKnup/shal), a. Per- 
 taining to marriage. 
 
 Nup'tials, n. pi. Marriage. 
 
 Nurse, n. One who tends a 
 child or a sick person. — t;. 
 
 t. To tend, as a child ; to 
 tend, as a sick person. 
 
 Nurs'er-y, n. A room for 
 young children ; a planta- 
 tion of young trees. 
 
 Nurs'ling (10), n. One who 
 is nursed ; an infant. 
 
 Nurture, n. That which 
 nurtures ; education. — v. t. 
 To feed ; to educate ; to 
 nourish. 
 
 Nut, n. A fruit consisting of 
 a hard shell and a kernel ; a 
 small block for holding a 
 bolt. 
 
 Nu-ta'tion, n. A vibratory 
 motion of the earth's axis. 
 
 Nut'-gall, n. Excrescence of 
 the oak. 
 
 Nut'meg, n. A kind of aro- 
 matic nut used in cookery. 
 
 Nu'tri-ment, n. That which 
 nourishes. — Syn. Aliment ; 
 diet ; nourishment ; food. 
 
 Nuari-ment'al, I 
 
 Nu-trPtious (-trTsh^us), j 
 Nourishing ; nutritive. 
 
 Nu-tri'tion(-trish''un),n. Act 
 of nourishing ; that which 
 nourishes ; nutriment. 
 
 Nu'tri-tive, a. Nutritious ; 
 nourishing. 
 
 Nymph, n. A goddess; a 
 maiden. 
 
 0. 
 
 Ointerj. used in calling or 
 , in direct address ; also, 
 to express pain, grief, sur- 
 _ prise, desire, &c. 
 Oaf, n. A changeling ; a dolt. 
 Oak, n. A valuable tree. 
 Oak'en, a. Made of oak. 
 Oak'um, n. Old ropes pulled 
 to pieces, and used for calk- 
 ing the seams of ships, &c. 
 Oar,n. An instrument to row 
 boats. — V. To row or im- 
 pel by rowing. 
 6'a-sis, or O-a'sis, n. ( rl- 0'- 
 a-se§, or 0-a'se§.) A fertile 
 _ spot in a desert. 
 Oat, n. A plant and its seed 
 _ [used chiefly in the plural]. 
 Oat'cn.a. Pertaining to oats. 
 Oath, n. A solemn affirma- 
 tion with an appeal to God 
 for its truth ; a blasphemous 
 use of the name of God or 
 Christ. 
 
 Ob-du'ra-gy, or 6b'du-ra- 
 
 Qy, n. State of being obdu- 
 rate ; invincible hardness of 
 
 ^ heart ; stubbornness. 
 
 Ob'du-rate, or Ob-du'rate, 
 a. Inflexibly hardened in 
 feelings, esp. against moral 
 influence. — SYN. Callous •, 
 hardened ; stubborn. 
 
 O-be'di-enge, n. Compliance 
 with what is required. 
 
 O-be'di-ent, a. Willing to 
 obey ; submissive to restraint 
 or control. —Syn. Dutiful; 
 subservient; compliant; ob- 
 sequious. 
 
 O-bei'sange (-be^- or -ba'-),n. 
 Act of rever- 
 ence ; a bow. 
 
 5b'e-lisk, n. A 
 / kind of quad- 
 rangular pil- 
 lar or monu- 
 ment. 
 
 0-bese', a. Ex- 
 cessively fat. 
 
 0-bese'ness, 
 
 0-bes'i-ty, 
 
 0-bey', V. t. To comply with 
 the orders of; to perform. 
 
 5b^fus-€a'tion,n. A darken- 
 ing or confusing, [decease. 
 
 O'bit, or 5b 'it, n. Death ; 
 
 O-bit'u-a-ry, n. A notice of 
 the death of a person. — ri. 
 Relating to the death of a 
 person. 
 
 6b'je-et, n. That on which 
 the mind is employed ; end ; 
 aim ; motive. 
 
 Ob-.i6€t', V. t. To present or 
 offer in opposition. 
 
 Ob-j6€'tion, n. Adverse rea- 
 son, [to objections. 
 Ob-jee'tion-a-ble, a. Liable 
 Ob-je-efive, a. Pertaining to 
 the object ; outward ; exter- 
 nal. 
 
 Ob-je<5t'or, n. One who ob- 
 jects. 
 
 Ob-jur'ga-to-ry, a. Designed 
 to chide or reprove. 
 
 Ob-late', a. Flattened or de- 
 pressed at the poles. 
 
 Ob-la'tion, n. An off"ering. 
 
 Ob'li-gate, v. t. To bind by 
 contract or duty. 
 
 5b'li-ga'tion, n. The binding 
 force of a vow, law, or duty ; 
 a bond. 
 
 6b'li-ga-to-ry, a. Imposing 
 an obligation ; binding. 
 
 O-blige', t. To constrain ; 
 to bind by a favor ; to grati- 
 fy- 
 
 0-blIg'ing, a. Disposed to 
 do favors ; engaging. 
 
 Ob-lique' (-leek^or -lIkO, «• 
 Deviating from a right line^ 
 not parallel ; indin ct. 
 
 Ob-lique'ly (-leek'- or -Ilk/-), 
 adv. Not directly. 
 
 Ob-hq'ui-ty (-llk/wi-), n. De- 
 viation from a right line, or 
 from moral rectitude. 
 
 a e, 1. 0, u, long 2 , 5, if, 5, u, ^ , short ; care, car , ask, all, wh,^t ; ere, vgil, tCrm ; pique, firm y 
 
OBLITERATE 
 
 181 
 
 OCULIST 
 
 Ob-lit'er-ate, v, t. To blot 
 out ; to er.ise ; to efface. 
 
 Ob-liVer-a'tion, n. Act of 
 blotting out ; extinction. 
 
 Ob-liv'i-on, n. Forgetfulness. 
 
 Ob-liv'i-ou3, a. Causing for- 
 
 ^ getfulnesi ; forgetful. 
 
 Ob'long, a. Longer than 
 broad. 
 
 Cb'lo-quy, n. Calumnious 
 language. — Syn. Slander ; 
 caluuiny ; abuse. 
 
 Ob-n6x'ious (-njk^shus), a. 
 Oifensive ; odious ; liable ; 
 exposed. 
 
 O'bo-e, n. A wind instrument 
 sounded tlirougli a reed. 
 
 Ob-o'vate, a. Ovate with the 
 narrow end downward. 
 
 Ob-sgene^ a. Grossly indeli- 
 cate and disgusting. 
 
 Ob-SQ3n'i-ty, n. Impurity in 
 expression, or in representa- 
 tion, [darkening. 
 
 6b^S€u-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Ob-S€ure', a. Dark ; gloomy ; 
 not easily understood ; not 
 much known. — v. t. To 
 darken ; to make less clear 
 or beautiful. [dimly. 
 
 Ob-seura'ly, adv. Darkly ; 
 
 Ob-S€u'ri-ty, n. State of 
 being obscure ; darkness ; 
 
 ^ privacy. 
 
 6b'se-quie§ (-kwiz), n. pi. 
 
 Funeral solemnities. 
 Ob-S8'qui-ous, a. Meanly 
 
 submissive or compliant. 
 Ob-se'qui-ous-ly, adv. With 
 
 servile compliance, [vility. 
 Ob-S3'qui-ous-ness, n. Ser- 
 Ob-§3rv'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being observed ; remarkable. 
 Ob-§3rv'anQe, n. Attention. 
 Ob-s3rv'ant, a. Regardful. 
 6b'§8r-va'tion, n. Act of 
 
 observing; remark; notice. 
 Ob-S3rv'a-to-ry, n. A place 
 
 for astronomical observa- 
 
 tioas. 
 
 Ob-5^rve', v. t. To. see; to 
 notice ; to utter, as a re- 
 mark, [serves. 
 
 Ob-S3rv'er, n. One who ob- 
 
 Ob-333'sion (-sesh^un), n. Act 
 
 ^ of besieging. 
 
 6b/so-les'Qent, a. Going out 
 of use. 
 
 6b'so-lete, a. Disused ; out 
 of date. 
 
 6b'sta-€le, n. That which 
 hinders ; obstruction. 
 
 Ob-stet'ri-e, a. Pertaining 
 to midwifery. 
 
 Ob-stet'ri€S, n. sing. Science 
 
 ^ of midwifery. [ness. 
 
 6b'sti-na-Qy, n. Stubboru- 
 
 Ob'sti-nate, a. Stubborn ; 
 stiff; pertinacious, [bornly. 
 
 6b'sti-nate-ly, ado. Stub- 
 
 Ob-strep'er-ous, a. Clamor- 
 ous ; loud ; turbulent. 
 
 Ob-stru€t', To hinder ; 
 
 to stop ; to bloc^ up. 
 
 Ob-stru€'tion, n. That which 
 obstructs. — Syn. Obstacle. 
 
 Ob-stru-Ct'ive, a. Hindering. 
 
 Ob-tain', v. t. To gain ; to 
 get. — V. i. To become 
 prevalent or general. 
 
 Ob-tain'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being obtained. 
 
 Ob-test', v.t. To call to wit- 
 ness ; to beseech. 
 
 Obaes-ta'tion, n. Supplica- 
 tion ; entreaty. 
 
 Ob-trude', v. t. To thrust 
 in or upon ; to urge upon 
 against the will. 
 
 Ob-tru'sion, n. Act of ob- 
 truding. 
 
 Ob-tru'sive, a. Disposed to 
 obtMide. 
 
 Ob-tije', a. Not acute ; dull ; 
 obsjire. [manner. 
 
 Ob-tile 'ly,«c?y. In an obtuse 
 
 Ob-tuse'ness (10), n. Want 
 of sharpness or x-eadiness. 
 
 Ob'verse, n. Face of a coin. 
 
 Ob-vert', v. t. To turn to- 
 
 ^ ward or downward. 
 
 6b'vi-ate, v. t. To meet ; to 
 prevent ; to clear the way of. 
 
 5b'vi-ous, a. Evident ; clear. 
 
 5b'vi-ous-ly, adv. Evidently. 
 
 0€-ea'sioii, n. Opportunity ; 
 incident : accidental cause ; 
 need; exigence. — v. t. To 
 cause incidentally. 
 
 0-e-ea'sion-al, a. Occurring 
 at times ; produced by acci- 
 dent ; casual ; incidental. 
 
 0-e-ea'sion-al -ly, adv. Upon 
 oc caste n ; a,t times. 
 
 0-e'ci-dent, n. The west. 
 
 5-e^Qi-dent'al, a. Western. 
 
 0€-Qip'i-tal, a. Pertaining to 
 the back part of the head. 
 
 5-e'Qi-put, n. The hinder part 
 of the head. [up. 
 
 0€-€lu'sion, n. A shutting 
 
 0€-€ult', a. Secret ; hidden. 
 
 0€^€ul-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 ^ concealment ; a hiding. 
 
 0-e'€u-pan-Qy, n. Possession. 
 
 O^'-eu-pant, n. One who takes 
 
 ^ or holds possession. 
 
 0€^-eu-pa'tion, n. Act of oc- 
 cupying ; business ; posses- 
 sion ; e»"iployment. 
 
 0€'-cu-py (13), V. t. To hold ; 
 to keep ; to employ ; to use. 
 
 0-e-€ur', V. i. To be found 
 here and there ; to come to 
 the mind. [event. 
 
 0€-€iir'renQe, n. Any single 
 
 O'cean (T/shun), n. The 
 largest body of water on the 
 earth, or one of the chief 
 _ divisions of it. 
 
 6'ce-an'i-e (-she-), a. Pertain- 
 _ ing to the ocean. 
 
 O'-cher ) (29), n. Claycontain- 
 
 0'€hre ) ing iron. 
 
 5- e'ta-€h6rd, n. An instru- 
 ment or system of eight 
 
 ^ sounds. 
 
 6- c'ta-gon, n. Aj^ 
 figure of eight I 
 sides and angles, 
 
 Oc-tag'o-nal, a. 
 
 Containing eight Octagon. 
 
 angles and sides. 
 Oc^ta-he'dral, a. 
 
 eight equal faces. 
 6€'ta-he'dron, n. 
 
 A figure of eighty 
 
 equal sides. ^ 
 0-C-tan'gU-lar, a. Octahedron. 
 ^ Having eight angles. 
 6€'tave, n. {Mas.) The inter- 
 val between one and eight 
 
 of the scale. 
 0€-ta'vo (18), n. A book 
 
 with eight leaves to a sheet. 
 O-e-ten'ni-al, a. Coming one© 
 
 in eight years, [of the year. 
 O-e-to'ber, n. Tenth month 
 0€'to-ge-na'ri-an,n. A per- 
 ^ son eighty years of age. 
 6-C'n-lar, a. Known by, or 
 ^ relating to, the eye. 
 6-e'u-list, n. One skilled in 
 
 diseases of the eye. 
 
 Having 
 
 eon, or, do, wglf, tcTo, tdbk; ^m, me, pi.ill ; 9, soft; €, g, hard; as ; exist ; u as ng; this. 
 
ODD 
 
 182 
 
 ONTOLOGY 
 
 6dd (3), a. Uneven in num- 
 ber ; strange ; peculiar. 
 
 5dd'i-ty, n. Singularity ; a 
 singular person, [strangely. 
 
 Odd'iy (9), adv. Unevenly ; 
 
 Odds, n. pi. Inequality ; ex- 
 
 _ cess ; advantage. [song. 
 
 Ode, n. A short poem ; a 
 
 0-de'on, n. A kind of theater. 
 
 O'di-ous, a. Very offensive ; 
 
 _ hateful ; detestable. 
 
 O'di-um, n. Quality of pro- 
 
 _ voking hate. [perfume. 
 
 0'dor(33), n. Scent; smell; 
 
 O^clor-if er-ous, a. Fragrant. 
 
 O'dor-ous, a. Sweet of scent ; 
 
 _ fragrant. 
 
 O'er, contraction of Over. 
 
 C)i (jy, 1), prep. From,orout 
 from ; proceeding from ; be- 
 longing or relating to. 
 
 5ff, ar/v. denoting distance. 
 — prep. Distant from. — 
 
 ^ inter j. Away ; begone. 
 
 Offal, n. Carrion ; putrid 
 meat ; refuse. 
 
 Of-fsnge', n. See Offense. 
 
 Of -fend', V. t. To displease ; 
 to make angry. [fends. 
 
 Of-fond'er, n. One who of- 
 
 Of-f5nseM27), M. Act of of- 
 fending ; displeasure ; an- 
 ger ; injury ; fault ; sin. 
 
 Of-fen'sive, a. Displeasing; 
 obnoxious; used in attack. 
 
 5f'fer (S), t. ori. To pre- 
 sent ; to propose ; to bid ; to 
 undertake* — n. A proposal ; 
 
 ^ price bid. 
 
 6f'fer-in^, n. A sacrifice ; 
 any thing offered. 
 
 6ff'-liand, adv. or a. With- 
 out study or preparation. 
 
 Of'fiQC (18), n. Customary 
 duty ; public employment ; 
 fanction ; place of business ; 
 religious truth. 
 
 Of'fi-cer, n. One who holds 
 an office. — v. t. To fur- 
 nish with officers. 
 
 Of-fi'cial (-fish/al), a. Per- 
 taining to, or derived from, 
 office. — n. An ecclesiastical 
 jndge. \ 
 
 Of-fi'cial-ly (-nsh/a|-), adv. 
 By uutliorit}'. f 
 
 Oi-fPci-ate (-flsh-'T-at), v. i. 
 To perform an office. 
 
 Of-fi'cioiis (-Hsh/us), a. Ex- 1 
 cessively forward in doing 
 kind offices. — Syn. Kind ; 
 meddling ; busy ; imperti- 
 
 ^ nent ; intermeddling. 
 
 Offing, 71. The sea at a good 
 
 ^ distance from shore. 
 
 6ff'S€0ur-ing, n. Refuse or 
 
 _ rejected matter. 
 
 Offset, n. A shoot or sprout ; 
 any thing given in exchange 
 or retaliation. 
 
 Off-set', or Offset, v. t. To 
 
 ^ set against another account. 
 
 Offspring, n. Children ; is- 
 
 ^ sue ; descendants. 
 
 Oft, adv. Frequently. 
 
 Oft'en (ofn), I adv. Fre- 
 
 Oft'en-times, ( quently. 
 
 0- gee', n. A molding- which 
 is both concave and con- 
 
 _ vex. 
 
 O'gle (o^gl), V. To view or 
 look with side glances. — n. 
 
 _ A side glance. 
 
 6'gre (o^ger, 29), n. An im- 
 aginary monster, who lived 
 
 _ on human beings. 
 
 Oh, inter j. denoting surprise 
 or pain, &c. 
 
 Oil, n. An unctuous animal or 
 vegetable substance. — v. t. 
 To smear or anoint with oil. 
 
 Oil'~el6th,n. A cloth oiled or 
 painted for covering floors, 
 and for other uses. * 
 
 Oil'i-ness, n. Quality ojbeing 
 oily ; unctuousness. ♦ 
 
 Oil'y, a. Like oil ; smooth. 
 
 Oint, V. t. To rub with oil. 
 
 Oint'ment, n. Any soft unct- 
 
 _ uous matter. 
 
 Old, a. Having existed a long 
 
 time ; aged *, ancient. 
 Old'en (old^n), a. Old; an- 
 _ cient. 
 
 O^le-ag'i-noiis, a. Oily. 
 
 01- fa-e'to-ry, a. Of, or having 
 the sense of, smelling. 
 
 0-lib'a-num, n. A gum resin. 
 Ol'i-gar-eh'y, n. Government 
 _ in the hands of a few. 
 O'li-o {or oKyo), n. A dish of 
 stewed meat ; a mixture ; a 
 ^ medley. 
 
 Ol'ive, n. A tree cultivated 
 for its fruit, and for the oil 
 it yields ; the emblem of 
 
 peace ; a color composed of 
 violet and green. 
 
 0-lym'pi-ad, n. Period of 4 
 years in Grecian history. 
 
 0-lym'pi-e, a. Pertaining to 
 Olympia and its games. 
 
 0-me'ga, or 0-meg'a, n. The 
 
 ^ last Greek letter ; the last. 
 
 Om'e-let [colloq. omelet), n. 
 
 _ A fritter of eggs, &c. 
 
 O'men, n. A prognostic ; a 
 
 ^ sign ; a presage ; an augury. 
 
 Om'i-nous,a. Containing an 
 omen ; inauspicious. 
 
 0-mis'sion (-mish/un), n. 
 
 ^ Neglect ; failure. 
 
 6m'ni-bus, n. A large four- 
 Avheeled vehicle for convey- 
 ing passengers. 
 
 0-mit', V. t. To leave out ; to 
 pass by ; to neglect. 
 
 Om-nip'o-tenge, n. Unlim- 
 ited or infinite power. 
 
 Om-nip'o-tent, a. Having all 
 
 ^ power. — n. The Almighty. 
 
 Om/ni-pres'enQe, n. Pres- 
 
 ^ ence in every place. 
 
 Om''ni-pre§'ent, a. Present 
 in every place, 
 
 Om-nis'cienge (-nTsh^enss), 
 n. Universal knowledge. 
 
 Om-nis'cient (-nlsh/ent), a. 
 Having infinite or universal 
 knowledge. [vouring. 
 
 Om-niv'o-roiis, a. AU-de- 
 
 On, prep. At the upper part of 
 a thing, and supported by 
 it ; at ; near ; with ; toward ; 
 for; upon. — adv. Forward. 
 
 Onge (wunss), adv. At one 
 time ; formerly. 
 
 One (wun), a. Single; indi- 
 vidual ; any. [ty. 
 
 One'ness (wun^nes), M. Uni- 
 
 On'cr-a-ry, a. Fitted for car- 
 rying burdens, [oppressive. 
 
 5n'er-oiis, a. Burdensome ; 
 
 On'ion (un/yun), n. A culi- 
 nary plant having a bulbous 
 
 _ root. [gly. 
 
 On'ly, a. Single. — adv. Sin- 
 
 On'set, n. A violent attack ; 
 
 ^ assault. [tack ; assault. 
 
 On'slaught (-slawt), 7i. At- 
 
 On/to-16g'i-e-al,a. Relating to 
 the science of being in gen- 
 eral, [ing in general. 
 
 On-t61'o-^y, n. Science of be- 
 
 i, G , 1, o, u, y , long / a, ^ , T , o, ti , 5' , short ; care, ciir, Ssk, iUl, wh^t ; ore, veil, term ; pique, firm <j 
 
ONWARD 
 
 Gn'ward, )adv. Forward; 
 
 6n'ward§, ) further. — a. 
 Advanced or advancing; im- 
 proving. 
 
 O'nyx, M. A precious stone. 
 
 Ooze, M. Soft mud. — v. i. To 
 flow gently. [mud. 
 
 Ooz'y, a. Containing soft 
 
 0-paQ'i-ty, n. Want of trans- 
 parency, [transparent. 
 
 0-paque' (o-pak^), a. Not 
 
 O'pal, n. A precious stone 
 of changeable colors. 
 
 O^pal-es'Qent, a. Large opal. 
 
 O'pal-me, a. Pertaining to, 
 or like, opal. 
 
 Ope, V. t. To open. 
 
 O'pen (o/pn), v. t. To un- 
 close ; to unfold ; to enter 
 upon. — a. Not shut up; 
 unclosed ; public ; candid ; 
 plain. [a breach. 
 
 O'pen-ing, n. An aperture ; 
 
 O'pen-ly, adv. Publicly ; 
 
 _ plainly ; frankly. 
 
 O'pen-ness, n. Plainness. 
 
 5p'e-ra (18), «. A dramatic 
 ^ composition set to music. 
 
 6p'er-ate, f. To exert power 
 of any kind ; to act ; to put 
 in motion or action ; to 
 work. 
 
 Op'^er-at'ic, a. Pertaining or 
 ^ appropriate to the opera. 
 6p'er a'tion,n. Exertion of 
 ^ power ; action ; agency. 
 Op'er-a-tive, a. Exerting 
 
 force; efficient. — n. A la- 
 ^ boring person. 
 Op'er-C''tor, n. One who op- 
 ^ erates. [dious. 
 Op'er-ose', a. Laborious ; te- 
 Opli'i-€leide, n. A large 
 
 brass wind-instrument. 
 Oph-thal'nii€ (of- or op-), a. 
 ^ Relating to the eye. 
 6pli'thal-my (of - or op'-), n. 
 _ A disease of the eyes. 
 6'pi-ate, n. A medicine that 
 
 contains opium ; a narcotic. 
 O-pin'ion, n. Judgment 
 
 formed by the mind ; notion ; 
 
 sentiment ; persuasion. 
 0-pm'ion-a/ted, ) a. Stiff to 
 O-pm'ion-a-tive, ) opinion. 
 O'pi-um, n. The inspissated 
 _ juice of the poppy. 
 0/po-del'do«, n. A sapona- 
 
 183 
 
 ORDAIN 
 
 camphorated lini- 1 Op'tion, n. Right or power 
 ^ of choosing. — Syn. Choice. 
 
 ceous 
 ment. 
 
 Op-p5'nent, a. Opposing ; 
 
 antagonistic. — n. An op- 
 _ poser ; an antagonist. 
 Op'por-tune', a. Timely ; sea- 
 sonable. 
 Op'por-tune'ly, adv. Sea- 
 sonably. 
 6p/por-tu'ni-ty, n. Fit or 
 
 convenient time. 
 Op-po§e', V. t. To resist; to 
 
 combat ; to withstand. 
 Op'po-gite, a. Contrary in 
 
 position ; facing ; adverse> 
 Op/po-gi'tion (-zish/un), n. 
 Repugnance ; resistance ; 
 obstacle ; an opposite party. 
 6p'po-§i'tion-ist (-zish^un-), 
 n. One in an opposite party. 
 0-p6s'sum, n. A marsupial 
 
 quadruped of America. 
 Op-press', V. t. To burden. 
 Op-pres'sion (-presh^un), n. 
 
 Act of oppressing. 
 Op-press'ive, a. Burden- 
 some : unjustly severe. 
 Op-press'ive-ly, adv. In an 
 oppressive or cruel manner. 
 Op-press'ive-ness, n. Qual- 
 ity of being oppressive. 
 Op-press'or, n. One who op- 
 presses ; a tyrant. 
 Op-pro 'bri-ous, a. Reproach- 
 ful and contemptuous ; 
 made hateful. 
 Op-pro-bri-ous-ly, adv. Re- 
 proachfully ; infamously. 
 Op-pro'bri-um, n. Con- 
 temptuous or disdainful re- 
 proach, [pose. 
 Op-pugn'(-punO, -1'.^. Toop- 
 Op'ta-tive, a. Expressing de- 
 ^ sire or wish. 
 
 6p'ti€, ) a. Pertaining to 
 Op'ti€-al , ( the eye or vision , 
 
 or to optics. 
 Op-ti'cian (-tish''an), n. A 
 ^ person skilled in optics. 
 Op'ti^s, n. sin^. Science of 
 the nature and laws of 
 ^ vision. 
 
 Op'ti-mism, n. The doctrine 
 that every thing in nature is 
 ^ ordered for the best. 
 Op'ti-mist, n. One who holds 
 that all events are ordered 
 for the best. 
 
 Op'tion-al, a. Left to choice. 
 6p'u-lenge, n. Wealth ; rich- 
 es ; affluence. 
 6p'u-lent, a. Very rich. 
 Or, conj. A connective that 
 ^ marks an alternative. 
 6r'a-cle, n. An answer con- 
 sidered infallible ; a wise 
 man; (pi.) the revelations 
 of God. 
 
 0-r3.€'u-lar, a. Uttering or- 
 acles ; authoritative ; ambig- 
 _ uous. 
 
 O'ral, a. Delivered by the 
 _ mouth ; spoken. [mouth. 
 O'ral-ly, adv. By word of 
 Or'ange (18), n. A certain 
 tree and its round yellow 
 fruit. — a. Having the color 
 of an orange. 
 O-rang'-cu-tang', 
 n. A large ape, 
 having a deformed 
 resemblance to 
 man. 
 
 0-ra'tion, n. A pub- ' 
 lie and elaborate Orang- 
 discourse. outang. 
 6r'a-tor,7i. An eloquent pub- 
 ^ lie speaker ; a petitioner. 
 Or'a-t6r'i€-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to an orator or to oratory. 
 Or'a-to'ri-o (18), »i. A sacred 
 drama set to music ; an ora- 
 ^ tory. 
 
 Or'a-to-ry, n. Art of public 
 ^ speaking ; a small cha])el. 
 Orb, n. A round body ; a 
 
 sphere ; a globe ; an orbit. 
 Or-bi-e'u-lar, a. Round ; cir- 
 ^ cular ; spherical. 
 Orb'it, n. Path of a planet 
 or comet round its center ; 
 ^ cavity of the eye. [orbit. 
 Or'bit-al, a. Pertaining to an 
 5r'chard, n. An inclosure 
 ^ or assemblage of fruit trees. 
 Or'€hes-tra,or Or-ches'tra, 
 n. The part of a theater 
 appropriated for the musi- 
 ^ cians ; the musicians. 
 Or'chis (-kis), n. A plant. 
 Or-dain', V. To establish; 
 to appoint ; to decree ; to 
 invest with ministerial or 
 sacerdotal functions. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, too, took ; arn, rue, pi^U ; 9, ^, soft ; €, g. hard; ; e^t ; q as ng ; ttiia. 
 
, OKDEAL 
 
 184 
 
 OTHER 
 
 5r'de-al, n. Trial by fire or 
 
 ^ by water ; severe scrutiny . 
 
 Or'der, n. Regular arrange- 
 ment ; command ; rule ; a 
 rank or class ; a written di- 
 rection to pay money. — v. t. 
 To regulate ; to command. 
 
 Cr'der-ly, a. Regular ; not un- 
 ruly, — adv. Methodically ; 
 according to rule. — n. Anon- 
 commissioned officer who at- 
 tends on a superior officer. 
 
 Or'di-nal, a. Noting estab- 
 lished order. — n. A number 
 noting order; a book of 
 
 ^ rites. [law ; rite. 
 
 Or'di-nange (18), n. Rule; 
 
 Or'di-na-ri-ly (13), adv. 
 
 ^ Usually ; commonly. 
 
 Or'di-na-ry, a. Usual ; com- 
 mon ; of little merit. — ji. 
 An ecclesiastical judge ; a 
 
 ^ public table. [daining. 
 
 Or'di-na'tion, n. Act of or- 
 
 Ord'nange, n. Heavy artil- 
 
 ^ lery ; cannon, mortars, &c. 
 
 Ore, n. A natural compound 
 
 ^ of metal and other matter. 
 
 Or'gan, n. An instrument of 
 action or motion ; a medium 
 of communication ; a wind 
 instrument of music. 
 
 Or^gan'i€, ) a. Containing 
 
 Or-gan'i-e-al, ) organs. 
 
 Or'gan-i§m, n. Organic 
 
 ^ structure. [on an organ. 
 
 Or'gan-ist^n. One who plays 
 
 5r'gan-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 
 ^ organizing. 
 
 6r'gan-ize, v. t. To furnish 
 with cn:gans ; to arrange in 
 
 ^ parts ; to form in due order. 
 
 Or'gasm, n. Immoderate ex- 
 
 ^ citement or action. 
 
 Or'gies, n.pL Frantic revels. 
 
 O'ri-el, n. A bay window. 
 
 O'ri-ent, a. Rising as the 
 sun ; eastern ; bright ; shin- 
 
 _ ing. — 71. The east. 
 
 0/ri-ent'al, a. Eastern. 
 
 O/ri-Sn'tal-ist, n. One versed 
 
 _ in Eastern languages. 
 
 Or'i-fige, ii. An opening. 
 
 Or'i-gin, n. Beginning ; com- 
 mencement ; source. 
 
 0-rig'i-nal, rt. First; primi- 
 tive ; having new or strik- 
 ing ideas. — n. Origin ; 
 
 first copy ; an eccentric per- 
 son, [being original. 
 0-rig/i-n3;Pi-ty, n. Quahty of 
 0-rig'i-nal-ly, adv. At first. 
 0-rig'i-nate, v. t. To bring 
 into existence. — v. i. To 
 take rise ; to begin. 
 0-rig^i-na'tion, n. Act of 
 being or coming into exist- 
 ence, [originates. 
 O-rig'i-na^tor, n. One who 
 O'ri-ole, n. A bird allied to 
 
 the thrushes. 
 0-ri'on, n. A large and bright 
 ^ constellation. 
 Or'i-son, n. A prayer. 
 Or'Iop, n. Deck on which 
 ^ cables are stowed in ships. 
 Or^mo-lu', n. A kind of brass 
 ^ made to resemble gold. 
 Or'na-ment, n. Decoration. 
 
 — V. t. To decorate ; to em- 
 ^ hellish ; to adorn. 
 Or^na-ment'al, a. Tending 
 ^ to adorn or embellish. 
 Or'nate, a. Adorned; deco- 
 ^ rated ; beautiful. 
 Or^ni-thol'o-gist, n. One 
 ^ skilled in ornithology. 
 6r/ni-tho-16g'i€-al, a. Per- 
 ^ taining to ornithology. 
 Or'ni-thol'o-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence which treats of birds. 
 O-rol'o-gy, n. The science 
 ^ or description of mountains. 
 Or'phan, n. A child having 
 neither father nor mother, 
 ^ or only one of them. 
 Or'phan-age, ) n. State of 
 Or'phan-ism, j an orphan. 
 Or-phe'an, or 5r'phe-an, ) 
 Or'phic, ) 
 a. Pertaining to Orpheus, 
 ^ an old Greek poet. 
 Or're-ry (19), w. An instru- 
 ment to show the revolu- 
 ^ tions of the planets. 
 Or'tho-d6x, a. Correct in 
 doctrine ; sound in the 
 ^ Christian faith. 
 Or'tho-dox^y, n. Soundness 
 ^ in opinion and doctrine. 
 Or'tho-ep'i^-al, a. Pertain- 
 ^ ing to orthoepy. 
 Or'tho-e-pist, n. A person 
 ^ well skilled in orthoepy. 
 Or'tho-e-py, n. Correct pro- 
 nunciation of words. 
 
 Or-th6g'ra-pher, n. One 
 
 ^ versed in orthography. 
 
 Or'tho-graph'i-e, ) a. Per- 
 
 Or'tho-graph'i-e-al, J tain- 
 ing to orthography. 
 
 Or-thog'ra-phy, n. The spell- 
 ing or writing of words with 
 
 ^ the proper letters. 
 
 Or'to-lan, n. A European 
 
 ^ song-bird. 
 
 Os'gil-late, v. i. To swing ; 
 ^ to vibrate ; to sway. 
 Os^Qil-la'tion, n. Vibration. 
 Os'gil-la-to-ry, a. Moving as 
 ^ a pendulum ; vibratory. 
 Os'-eu-late, %\ t. To kiss ; to 
 _ touch, as two curves. 
 6'sier (o^zher), n. A species 
 of willow or the twig of the 
 ^ willow. 
 
 Os'prey, n. A long-winged 
 _ eagle living on fish. 
 Os'se-ous {colloq. osh^us), a. 
 ^ Bony ; like bone. 
 6s''si-fi-ca'tion, n. Process 
 ^ of changing to bone. 
 Os'si-fy, f. t. or i. To change 
 
 into bone. [bones. 
 Os-siv'o-rous, a. Feeding on 
 Os-ten'si-ble, a. Apparent ; 
 
 manifest. 
 Os-ten'si-bly, adv. Plausibly. 
 Os''ten-ta'tion, n. Ambitious 
 
 display. — Syn. Pomp; pag- 
 _ eantry^ display. 
 Os'ten-ta'tioiis, a. Affectedly 
 ^ showy : gaudy ; pretentious. 
 Os'ten-ta'tioiis-ly, adv. In 
 ^ an ostentatious manner. 
 Os''te-61'o-gist, w. One versed 
 ^ in osteology. 
 
 Os^te-Sl'o-gy, n. Part of anat- 
 omy that treats of bones. 
 
 6s'ti-a- ry, n. Mouth of a 
 river ; an estuary. 
 
 Ss'tra-Qigm, n. Banishment. 
 
 6s'tra-gize, v. t. To banish ; 
 to put under ban. 
 
 Os'trich (18), n. ^ 
 A large, swift- \ 
 running bird ^^SSSSf 
 with very short dB^^^ 
 wings, and long, ^^'^^T 
 soft plumes in.^^^^T 
 
 . pllicB?5ffeathers. Ostrich, 
 
 Oth'er (iltii^er), a. Second of 
 two ; not the same ; differ • 
 ent. 
 
 a, 5, 1, 6, u, 3^, long} a, 6, 1, 6, u, short ; care, car, ask, aU, whijt ; Ore, vgil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
OTHERWISE 
 
 185 
 
 OVERDOSE 
 
 6th'er-wi§e, adv. In a differ- 
 ent manuor. 
 
 Ot'ter, n. A small carnivorous 
 and aquatic quadruped. 
 
 Otao-man (21), n. A Turk; a 
 stuffed seat without a back. 
 — a. Relating to Turkey. 
 
 Ouch, n. Socket of a ring. 
 
 Ought (awt), n. See Aught. — 
 V. imperfect. Is fit or neces- 
 sary ; should. 
 
 Ounge, n. 12th of a pound 
 troy, and 16th of a pound 
 avoirdupois ; an animal re- 
 sembling the leopard. 
 
 Ours, fnon. Of us ; belonging 
 to us. 
 
 Our, a. Pertaining to us. 
 Our-selves', v^on. pi. We ; 
 
 us ; — used emphatically. 
 Ou'sel {("o/zl), n. A bird of 
 
 the thrush family. [force. 
 Oust(owst),t'. t. To eject with 
 Out, adv. On the outside ; 
 ^ beyond the limits of any in- 
 closed place or given line ; 
 
 abroad ; not at home. 
 Out-bal'ange, f. To exceed 
 
 in weight ; to outweigh. 
 Out-bid', V. t. To bid more. 
 Out'bound, a. Proceeding to 
 
 a foreign port. 
 Outbreak, n. A breaking 
 
 forth ; eruption. 
 Out 'burst, n. A breaking or 
 
 bursting out. [ished. 
 Out'€ast, n. A person ban- 
 Out'-ery,n. Clamor; loud cry. 
 
 Out-do', V. t. [p. p. OUT- 
 DONE.] To do more than ; 
 to surpass ; to excel. 
 
 Out'er, a. Being without. 
 
 Out'er-most, a. On the ex- 
 treme external part. 
 
 Out-fage', v. t. To bear down 
 with impudence. 
 
 Out'fit, n. Equipment, as of 
 a ship for a voyage. 
 
 Out-gSn'er-al, v. t. To ex- 
 ceed in generalship. 
 
 Out-g5', V. t. To go beyond ; 
 to surpass. — n. Outlay ; 
 expenditure. [out. 
 
 Out'g5-ing, n. Act of going 
 
 Out-grow', V. t. To surpass 
 
 in growth. 
 Out-Her'od, v. t. To exceed 
 in -cruelty or absurdity. 
 
 Out'-house, n. A small build- 
 ing near the main house. 
 
 Out-land'ish, a. Foreign ; 
 strange ; rude ; barbarous. 
 
 Out-last', V. t. To last longer 
 than ; to exceed in dura- 
 tion. 
 
 Out'law, n. One excluded 
 from the benefit of the law. 
 — V. t. To deprive of the 
 benefit and protection of the 
 law. [lawing. 
 
 Cut'law-ry, n. Act of out- 
 
 Out'lM,y, H. Expenditure. 
 
 Out'let, n. A passage outward. 
 
 Out'line, v. t. To sketch ; to 
 dehneate. — n. The exterior 
 line of a figure ; a sketch. 
 
 Out-live', V. t. To live longer 
 than ; to survive. 
 
 Out-ldbk', n. Act of looking 
 out ; a watch-tower ; pros- 
 pect; sight. [in number. 
 
 Out-num'ber, v. t. To exceed 
 
 Out'pcst, n. A station with- 
 out a camp, or at a distance. 
 
 Out'rage, v. t. To treat with 
 violence and wrong. — n. 
 Violence ; gross injury. 
 
 Out-rage'ous{U),a. Exceed- 
 ing all bounds of reason or 
 of decency. — Syn. Violent; 
 furious ; exorbitant. 
 
 Out-reach', v. t. To go or 
 extend beyond. 
 
 Out'rid-er, n. An attending 
 servant on horseback. 
 
 Out'right (-rit), adv. Imme- 
 diately ; completely. 
 
 Out-run', V. t. To surpass in 
 running ; to exceed. 
 
 Out-sail', r. t. To leave be- 
 hind in saihng. 
 
 Out-sell', V. i. To exceed in 
 amount of sales. 
 
 Out'set, 11. Beginning ; open- 
 ing ; start. 
 
 Out'side, n. The outward 
 part. — a. Exterior ; ex- 
 ternal, [urb. 
 
 Out'skirt, n. Border; sub- 
 
 Out-spread', v. t. To spread 
 open ; to extend ; to diffuse. 
 
 Out-stand'ing, a. Not col- 
 lected : unpaid. [far. 
 
 Out-stretch', To extend 
 
 Out-strip', r. ^. To outgo ; to 
 exceed ; to leave behind. 
 
 Out-walk' (-wawkO, v. t. To 
 
 leave" behind in walking. 
 Out' ward. I a. External ; 
 Out'wardg, j exterior ; outer. 
 
 — adv. Toward the outside. 
 Out'ward-ly, adv. On the 
 
 outside ; externally. 
 Out-wear', v. t. To endure 
 
 or wear longer than. 
 Out-weigh' (-wi/), i-^ ^- To 
 
 exceed in weight or value. 
 Out-wit', V. t. To overcome 
 
 by stratagem. 
 Out'work (-wQrk), n. Part of 
 
 a fortress without the prin- 
 cipal wall. 
 O'val, a. Of the form ^ — x 
 
 of an egg ; elliptical. / | 
 
 — 71. A body shaped I / 
 like an egg. V J 
 
 O'va-ry (lU), n. Place 
 
 where eggs are 
 _ formed. [shaped. 
 O'vate, a. Oval, or egg- 
 0-va'tion, n. An inferior or 
 
 less formal triumph. 
 Ov'en (uv'n),/?. An arched or 
 _ other cavity for baking. 
 O'ver, prtp. Across ; above ; 
 
 upon ; on the surface. — 
 
 adv. From side to side ; 
 _ more than. [to excess. 
 
 O^ver-aet', v. t. To perform 
 O'ver-alls, n. A kind of long 
 _ trowsers worn over others. 
 6'ver-arch', v. t. To cover 
 _ with an arch. [by awe. 
 O/ver-awe', v. t. To restrain 
 0''ver-bal'ance, v. To weigh 
 _ down ; to prepondemte. 
 O^ver-bear'ing, a. Haughty 
 _ and dogmatical. 
 O'ver-board, odv. Over the 
 _ side of, or out of, a ship. 
 O^ver-bur'den, t'. To load 
 _ to excess. 
 
 O'ver-east', v. t. To cloud ; to 
 obscure. — o. Overspread 
 _ with gloom : sewed over. 
 0''ver-charge',f. t. To charge 
 _ to excess. 
 
 O'ver-ecat, n. A coat worn 
 _ over the other clothing. 
 6''ver-e6me', v. t. To get 
 _ the better of; to conquer. 
 0''ver-do',^'. To do too much. 
 O'ver-dose, n. Too great a 
 dose ; excess. 
 
 son, or, do, WQlf, too, took ; Qrn, rije, pull ; f , ^, soft; c, i^, hard; ag ; exist ; y as ng ; this. 
 
OVERDRAW 
 
 186 
 
 PACIFICATION 
 
 O-'ver-draw', v. t. To draw 
 orders upon beyond one's 
 
 _ credit. [over. 
 
 O^ver-fiow', v. To spread 
 
 O'ver-flow, n. Inundation ; 
 
 _ deluge ; superabundance. 
 
 O^ver-grdw', v. t. To cover 
 vvitli iierbage ; to grow be- 
 
 _ \ ond the natural size. 
 
 0''Ver-hang', v. t. To jut 
 
 _ over. 
 
 O^ver-haul', v. t. To turn 
 over acid examine thorough- 
 _ ly ; to overtake. 
 O^ver-head', adv. Above ; 
 _ aloft. . [accident. 
 O^ver-hear', v. t. To hear by 
 0''ver-joy', v. t. To transport 
 _ with joy. [land. 
 O'ver-land, a. Carried by 
 O^ver-lay', r. t. To lay or 
 _ spread over ; to smother. 
 O^ver-leap', v. t. To leap 
 _ over ; to pass by leaping. 
 O^ver-load', v. t. To load too 
 _ heavily ; to fill to excess. 
 O^ver-ldbk', v. t. To inspect ; 
 _ to neglect ; to excuse, [on. 
 Q/ver-lie', v. t. To lie over or 
 O^ver-match', v. t. To be 
 ^ _ too powerful for. 
 O'ver-match, ??. One superior 
 _ in power or skill. 
 0/ver-much', a. Too much. 
 O^ver-pass', v. t. To go over ; 
 _ to cross ; to omit. 
 O'ver-plus, n. More than is 
 _ wanted ; surplus. 
 O'ver-poise, n. Preponder- 
 _ ant weight. 
 
 6''ver-pow'er, v. t. To van- 
 quish by superior force; to 
 _ affect too strongly. 
 O^ver-rate', r. t. To rate too 
 _ high or beyond the truth. 
 O^ver-reach', v. t. To de- 
 _ ceive ; to cheat. 
 O^ver-rule', v, t. To control. 
 
 O'ver-run', v. To spread or 
 _ run over ; to ravage. 
 O^ver-see', v. t. To superin- 
 _ tend ; to supervise. 
 0''ver-seer', n. A supervisor. 
 O^ver-set', v. t. or i. Toover- 
 _ turn ; to subvert. 
 O^ver-shad'ow, v. t. To over- 
 _ shade ; to shelter. 
 O^ver-shdbt', v. t. To shoot 
 _ over or beyond. 
 6'ver-sh6t, a. Receiving 
 _ water over a wheel. 
 O'ver-slght (-sit), n. A mis- 
 take ; omission ; superin- 
 _ tendence. 
 
 0''ver-sleep', v. To sleep be- 
 _ yond or too long. 
 0/ver-spread',^'. /. To spread 
 _ or cover over. 
 O^ver-state', v. t. To state 
 _ too strongly ; to exaggerate. 
 O^ver-step', v.t. To step be- 
 yond, [full. 
 0/ver-st6ck',r. t. To fill too 
 O'vert, a. Open ; public. 
 O^ver-take', v. t. [imp. 
 
 OVERTOOK ; p. p. OVER- 
 _ TAKEN.] To come up with. 
 O^ver-task', v. t. To impose 
 _ too much work on. 
 0^ver-thr5w', v. t. To sub- 
 ^ vert. [feat. 
 O'ver-throw, n. Ruin ; de- 
 0''ver-t6p', r. t. To rise 
 _ above ; to surpass. 
 O^ver-trade', v. i. To trade 
 _ beyond one's means. 
 6'vert-ure, n. An offer; an 
 _ introductory piece of music. 
 O^ver-turn', v. t. To throw 
 _ down ; to destroy. 
 O'ver-turn, n. Overthrow. 
 O^ver-ween'ing, a. Con- 
 _ ceited ; arrogant. 
 O'ver-weight (-wat), n. Pre- 
 _ ponderance ; greater weight. 
 O^ver-whglm' ^v.t. To spread 
 
 over ; to immerse and bear 
 _ down. 
 
 O^ver-work' (-wurk^), v. t. 
 
 [p. p. OVERWROUGHT.] To 
 
 _ cause to labor too much. 
 O'vi-form, a. Egg-shaped. 
 0-vip'a-rous, a. Producing 
 _ eggs, as a hen. 
 O'void, a. Having the shape 
 _ of an egg. 
 
 Owe (6, 15), V. t. To be in- 
 _ debted. 
 
 Ov/'ing, p. pr. or a. Due; 
 ascribable. 
 
 senibling' ''an ^^^^^^ 
 _ owl. Owl. 
 Own, a. Noting property; 
 
 peculiar. — v. t. To possess ; 
 _ to confess ; to avow. 
 Own'er, n. The rightful pro- 
 _ prietor of any thing. 
 Own'er-ship, n. Exclusive 
 ^ right of possession. 
 Ox,n. {pi. 6x'en,22.) A male 
 ^ of the bovine genus. 
 Ox'ide (30), n. A compound 
 ^ of oxygen and a base. 
 Ox'id-ate, ) v. t. To convert 
 Ox'id-Ize, \ into an oxide. 
 Ox^id-a'tion, n. Operation 
 ^ of converting into an oxide. 
 Ox'y-gen, n. A kind of gas 
 
 which produces combustion 
 ^ and serves to support life. 
 6x'y-gen-ate, ) t>. t. To cause 
 Ox'y-gen-ize, j to combine 
 _ with oxygen. 
 
 6'yer, n. A hearing in court, 
 as of a deed, bond, &c. 
 
 Oys'ter, n. A bivalvular mol- 
 lusk of which some species 
 are used for food. 
 
 P. 
 
 T)AQE, n. A step; gait ; I Pa'Qer, n. A horse that paces. I Pa-gif'i<;, a. Conciliatory; 
 J_ measure of five feet. — Pa-cha', or Pa'gha, n. See peaceable. 
 V. To measure by paces. | Pasha. \ Pa-gif'i-ea'tion, or PSgd-fi- 
 
 5, 5, 1,5, u, y, Ions; i| y> short; care, car, ask, ,'^11, wh^t ; Gre, vgil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
PACIFICATOR 
 
 €a'tion, n. Act of making 
 peace. I 
 Pa-Qifi-ea^tor, or Parj'i-fi- 
 ^a'tor, n. A peace-maker. I 
 Pa-Qif'i-ea-to-ry, a. Tending 
 
 to peace ; conciliatory. 
 Pag'i-fy, 't*. <. To appease ; to 
 
 allay ; to calm ; to still, 
 pack, n. A bundle; load. 
 V. t. To make into a bundle; 
 to send off in haste. 
 Pick'a^e, n. A bundle; a 
 
 packet ; a parcel ; a bale. 
 Pack'et, n. A small package; 
 a vessel for dispatches, or 
 for passengers. 
 Pack'-horse, n. A horse 
 used for carrying packs or 
 other burdens. 
 Pack'-thread, n. A thread 
 for binding parcels, [pact, 
 pact, n. A contract ; a corn- 
 Pad, n. A small cushion ; a 
 robber. — v. t. To stuff, as 
 a saddle, cushion, &c. 
 Pad'dle, v.i. To row ; to play- 
 in water. — n. A small oar. 
 Pad'dock (5), n. A small in- 
 closure. [staple. 
 Pad'16ck, 11. A lock for a 
 Pad'ua-soy' (pad^u-), n. A 
 kind of silk stuff. [or joy. 
 PaB'an, n. A song of triumph 
 Pa'gan, n. A heathen ; an 
 
 idolater. — a. Heathenish. 
 Pa'gan-ism, n. Heathenism. 
 Pa'gan-ize (31), v. t. To con- 
 vert to heathenism. 
 Page (IS), n. A boy ; one side 
 of a leaf. —v. t. To mark 
 with pages. 
 Pag'eant (paj/ant orpa/jant), 
 
 n. A pompous show. 
 Pag'eant-ry (paj'ant- or pa^- 
 jant-), n. Pompous exhibi- 
 tion. — Syn. Spectacle ; 
 show : pomp. 
 Pa-go'da (18), ?t. An Indian 
 
 idol, temple, or coin. 
 Paid (14), imp. & p. p. of Pay. 
 Pail, n. A vessel for water, 
 
 milk, &c. 
 Pain, M. Distress; suffering; 
 penalty. — v. t. To distress ; 
 to afflict. [borious. 
 Pain'ful, a. Full of pain; la- 
 Pain'iess, a. Free from pain. 
 Pains, n. Gare ; trouble. 
 
 187 
 
 Paint, V. t. To cover with 
 
 colors, —v.i. To practice 
 
 painting. — w. A coloring 
 
 substance ; pigment. 
 Paint'er, n. One who paints ; 
 
 a rope to fasten a boat. 
 Paint'ing, n. Art of forming 
 
 figures m colors; a picture. 
 Pair, n. Two things suited or 
 
 used together; a couple. — 
 
 v.i. Tobe joined in couples. 
 
 — V. t. To unite in couples. 
 Pai'aQe, n. A nuignificent 
 
 house of some great person- 1 
 
 age. [knight. ' 
 
 Pai'a-din, n. An eminent | 
 PaPan-quin' (-keen^, n. A j 
 
 covered carriage borne on 
 
 the shoulders. 
 Pai'a-ta-ble, a. Pleasing to 
 
 the taste. 
 Pai'a-tal, a. Pertaining to, or 
 
 uttered by the aid of, the 
 
 palate. 
 
 Pal'ate, n. The roof of the 
 mouth ; taste ; relish. 
 
 Pa-la'tial, a. Pertaining to a 
 palace ; magnificent. 
 
 PaPa-tme, n. One invested 
 with royal privileges. — a. 
 Possessing royal privileges. 
 
 Pa-la'ver, n. Idle talk ; flat- 
 tery . — v.t. or i. To flatter ; 
 to use idle talk. 
 
 Pale, a. Destitute of color ; 
 white of look. — n. A pointed 
 stake ; a district, —v. t. To 
 inclose with pales. 
 
 Pale'ness (10), n. State of 
 being pale ; defect of colors. 
 
 Paae-6g'ra-phy, n. Deci- 
 pherment of ancient docu- 
 ments. 
 
 Pa^le-61'o-^y, n. Treatise on 
 antiquities ; archaeology. 
 
 Pa/le-on-t61'o-gy, n. The 
 science of fossils. 
 
 Pal'ette,n. A 
 tablet up- 
 on which a 
 painter lays 
 and mixes 
 his pig- 
 ments. Palette. 
 
 I Pal'frey, n. A small saddle- 
 
 I horse. [work. 
 
 j Pal'ing, n. A kind of fence- 
 
 i PaPi-sade', n. A fortification 
 
 PANACEA 
 
 of stakes, — v.t. To fortify 
 with pales or posts. 
 Pall, n. A covering for the 
 dead. — v. To make or be- 
 come vapid ; to cloak ; to 
 cloy. 
 
 Pal-la'di-um, n. A statue of 
 Pallas ; an effective defense. 
 Pal'let, n. A palette ; a lever 
 in a watch or c^ock ; a small, 
 poor bed. 
 PaPli-ate, v. t. To cover; 
 
 to excuse or extenuate. 
 PaPli-a'tion,n. Extenuation. 
 Pal'li-a-tive, n. That which 
 extenuates. — a. Mitigating. 
 Pal'lid, a. Pale; wan. 
 Palm (pam), n. A tree; a 
 measure equal to three or 
 four inches ; inner part of 
 the hand. — v. To conceal 
 in the hand ; to impose upon. 
 PaPma-ted,«. Like the hand 
 with the fingers spread ; 
 web-footed. 
 Pal-met'to [pi. Pal-metao§, 
 18), n. A kind of palm-tree. 
 Pai'mis-try, n. Art of telling 
 fortunes by examining the 
 palm of the hand. 
 Palm'y (piim^y )> ^- Flourish- 
 ing; prosperous, [ingfelt. 
 Pal'pa-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 i Pal'pa-bly, ado. Plainly. 
 Pal'pi-tate, v. i. To throb or 
 beat, as the heart, 
 i PaFpi-ta'tion, n. A beating 
 i or fluttering, as the heart. 
 PaP§ied (pawPzid), a. Hav- 
 I "i'ng the palsy : paralytic. 
 Pal'sy , n . Loss of the power of 
 vofuntary muscular motion ; 
 paralysis. — r. t. To strike 
 with palsy ; to paralyze. 
 PaPter, v. i. To act insin- 
 cerely ; to trifle. 
 PaPtry, a. Mean ; pitiful ; in- 
 significant, [full. 
 Parn'per, v. t. To feed to the 
 Pam'phlet, n. Sheets stitched 
 
 but not bound. 
 Pam^phlet-eer', n. One who 
 
 writes pamphlets. 
 Pan, n. A broad, shallow ves- 
 sel ; part of a gun-lock ; 
 hard stratum of earth below 
 the soil. [remedy. 
 Pan/a-ge'a. n. A universal 
 
 S9n, or, do, w6If, too, to^ok ; tirn, rije, p^ill ; 9, soft; g, Jiard; a^ ; e^ist ; n as ng ; tliis. 
 
PANCAKE 
 
 188 
 
 PARAMOUR 
 
 Pan '-cake, n. A thin cake 
 fried la a pan. 
 
 Pan'€re-as, n. A soft gland 
 of the body ; the sweet- 
 bread, [to the pancreas. 
 
 Pan''-ere-at'i-e, a. Pertaining 
 
 Pan'cle€t, n. A treatise which 
 contains the whole of any 
 science. 
 
 Pan^de-md'ni-um, n. The 
 council-hall of evil spirits. 
 
 Pan'der, n. A pimp ; a pro- 
 curer. — v.i. Toactasagent 
 for the lusts or passions of 
 others. 
 
 Pane, n. A square of glass. 
 
 Pan^e-gyr'i-e, n. A lauda- 
 tory speech ; encomium. 
 
 Pan-'e-gyr'ist, n. A eulogist. 
 
 Pan'e-gy-rize (31), v. t. To 
 prai.-e highly. 
 
 Pan'el,M. A compartment, as 
 of a door ; jury roll. — v. t. 
 (8) To form with panels ; to 
 form, as a list of jurors. 
 
 Pan^, n. Momentary agony. 
 
 Pan'i-e (5), n. Sudden fright 
 without good cause. — a. 
 Extreme or sudden and 
 causeless. 
 
 Pan'nier (pan-'yer), n. A 
 wicker-basket to be carried 
 on horses. 
 
 P3-n'o-ply, n. Armor cover- 
 ing the whole body. 
 
 Pan'o-ra'ma, or Pan^o-ra'- 
 ma, n. Complete view; a 
 largo or continuous picture. 
 
 Pan'§y, n. A plant and 
 flower; the garden violet. 
 
 Pant, V. i. To breathe rapid- 
 ly ; to gasp. — n. A rapid 
 breathing ; gasp, [drawers. 
 
 Pan^ta-lets', n. pi. Loose 
 
 P^n'ta-lobns', n. pi. A kind 
 of trowsers. 
 
 Pan'the-ism, n. The doctrine 
 that the universe is God. 
 
 P3;n'the-ist, n. One who be- 
 lieves in pantheism. 
 
 Pan''the-ist'i-e, a. Relatin^^ 
 to pantheism. ^ 
 
 Pan-the'on, or Pan'the-on,; 
 n. A temple dodicatrd to all 
 the deities. [;inini;tl. 
 
 Pfin'ther, n. A ferocious feline 
 
 Pan'to-.'^raph, n. An instru- 
 ment to copy any drawing. 
 
 Pan-tog'ra-phy, n. General 
 description ; entire view. 
 
 Pan'to-mime,?i. A represen- 
 tation in dumb show. 
 
 Pan^to-mim'i-e, I a. llep- 
 
 Pan-'to-mim'i-c-al, ) resent- 
 ing characters and actions 
 by dumb show. 
 
 Pan'try, n. A store-room or 
 closet for provisions. 
 
 Pap, n. A nipple ; soft food. 
 
 Pa-pa', n. Father ; — a word 
 used by children. 
 
 Pa'pa-gy, n. Oluce and dig- 
 nity of the Pope ; popedom. 
 
 Pa'pal, n. Eelonging to the 
 pope ; popish. 
 
 Pa-paw', n. A tree and its 
 sweet edible fruit. 
 
 Pa'per, n. A substance for 
 writing or printing on. — v. 
 t. To cover Arith paper. 
 
 Pa-piPio-na'Qeous, a. Re- 
 sembling a butterfly. 
 
 Pap'il-la-ry, a. Pertaining to, 
 or resembling, nipples. 
 
 Pa'pist, n. One who adheres to 
 the Roman Catholic religion 
 and the papal authority. 
 
 Pa-pist'i<;, ) a. Pertaining 
 
 Pa-pist'i-e-al, j to popery ; 
 popish. [babe. 
 
 Pap-poose', n. An Indian 
 
 PSp'py, a. Like pap ; succu- 
 lent. 
 
 Pa-py'rus, n. An Egyptian 
 plant, and a kind of paper 
 made from it. 
 
 Par, w. State of equality ; 
 equality of nominal and ac- 
 tual value. 
 
 Par'a-ble, n. A moral fable. 
 
 Pa-rab'o-la, n 
 One of the con- 
 ic sections. 
 
 Par/a-b61'i€, 
 
 Par^a-t61'i€-al 
 a. Expressed by 
 parable, or si- 
 militude. 
 
 Par'a-ghute (-shcTot), n. A 
 
 ""contrivance resembling an 
 umbrella, to prevent rapid- 
 ity of descent in a balloon. 
 
 Par'a-elcte, n. A conjfortcr. 
 
 Pa r;ide', n. A pompous ex- 
 hibition ; military display. 
 — V. i. To assemble or go 
 
 Parabola. 
 
 about as troops. — v. t. To 
 
 display ; to show olT. 
 Par'a-digm (-dYm), n. An 
 
 example of a word declined 
 
 or conjugated, &c. 
 Par'a-dise, n. The garden 
 
 of Eden ; a place cf bhss. 
 Par^a-di-si'ac-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to paradise. 
 P^r'a-dox (18), n. A tenet 
 
 seemingly absurd, yet true. 
 Par^a-dox'ie-al, a. Having 
 
 the nature of a paradox. 
 Par''a-g6g'i€, I a. Length- 
 Par/a-g6g'i€-al, j ening a 
 
 word by adding a syllable or 
 
 letter. 
 
 Par'a-gon, n. Pattern of su* 
 perior excellence. 
 
 Par'a-graph, n. A distinct 
 part of a discourse ; the 
 character ^ ; a brief notice. 
 
 P5,r'al-lax, n. Apparent 
 change of place in a heaven- 
 ly body ns viewed from dif- 
 ferent points. 
 
 Par'al-lel, a. Equally distant 
 
 in all parts ; 
 
 like ; similar. 
 
 — n. A line Parallel, 
 equally distant from another 
 at all points. — v.t. (8) To 
 compare. [ing parallel. 
 
 Par'al-lel-ism, n. Stateof be- 
 
 Par/al-Tel'o- 
 gr 5,m , 
 right-lincdfigur 
 of four sides, Parallclo- 
 whose opposite gram, 
 sides are equal and parallel. 
 
 Par^al-iePo-pi'ped, n. A 
 regular solid, the 
 faces of which [ 
 are six parallelo- 
 grams. 
 
 Pa-ral'y-SlS, n. Pamllelopi- 
 Palsy; loss of P^-'^l- 
 voluntary motion. 
 
 P^r'a-lyt'i-C, a. Affected with 
 paralysis or pais} . — n. One 
 affected with palsy. 
 
 Par'a-lyze (31), v. t. To strike 
 with paralysis or palsy ; to 
 destroy action in. 
 
 Par'a-mount, n. Chief ; su- 
 perior to all others. 
 
 P^.r'a-mpur (-moor), n. A 
 kept mistress ; a concubine. 
 
 [-Tel'o- 1 —I 
 
 I, n. A / 
 
 ncdfigure^^ ' 
 
 a, e, I, 6, u, y , long ; a, e, i , o, tl, 5', short ; cure, car, ask, all, wh.git ; Ore, veil, term ; pique, llrm ; 
 
PARAPET 
 
 Par'a-pet, n. A wall for de- 
 fense ; a breast-work. 
 
 Par'a-pher-na'li-a, n. pi. 
 Apparel aud omanients ; 
 trappings. 
 
 Par'a-phra§e, n. A copious 
 explauatioQ or re-statement. 
 
 — v.t. To explain or inter- 
 pret amply. 
 
 Par'a-phr^sfi-c, a. Ample 
 in explanation ; not literal. 
 
 Par'a-Slte, n. A hanger-on ; 
 a plant growing on another. 
 
 — Syn. Sycophant. 
 P5,r/a-Sit'i€, I a. Having 
 Par/a-sit'i€-al, I the quali- 
 ties of a parasite. 
 
 P^r'a-sol/, n. A small um- 
 brella used as a screen from 
 the sun. 
 Par'boil, v. t. To boil partly. 
 Par'Qel (colloq. par'sl), n. A 
 small bundle ; a portion ; a 
 package.— 1'. t. (8) To di- 
 vide and distribute by pgr- 
 tions ; to apportion. 
 Parch, V. To burn the sur- 
 face ; to scorch. 
 Parch'ment, n. Skin of a 
 sheep or goat dressed for 
 writing on. 
 Pard, n. The leopard ; any 
 
 spotted beast. 
 Par'don (piir^dn), n. For 
 giveness , remission of pen- 
 alty. — V. t. To forgive. 
 Par'don-a-ble, a. Admitting 
 
 of pardon-, excusable. 
 Pare, v. t. To cut or shave off 
 the surface of; to diminish 
 gradually. 
 Par^e-gSr'ie, w. A medicine 
 
 that mitigates pain. 
 Par'ent, n. A father or 
 mother. [traction 
 Par'ent-a|:e, n. Birth; ex- 
 Pa-rent'al, a. Like a parent 
 
 tender; affectionate. 
 Pa-ren'the-sis, n. A sentence 
 or a part of one included in 
 curved lines, thus ( ); the 
 curved lines themselves, 
 Parpen- thet'i-e, ) a. In- 
 Par/en-thet'i€-al, ) eluded 
 
 in a parenthesis. 
 Par-hel'ion (-hel/yun), n, 
 {pi. Par-hel'ia.) A mock 
 sun or meteor. 
 
 189 
 
 Pa'ri-ah, or Pa'ri-ah,n. The 
 lowest caste in Uindostan ; 
 an outcast. [off. 
 Par'ing, n. A thin strip cut 
 Par'ish, n. A religious so- 
 ciety, or the precinct of one. 
 Pa-rish'ion-er (-rish/un-), n. 
 
 One belonging to a parish. 
 Par'i-ty, n. Equality of num- 
 ber, likeness, quantity, &c. 
 Park, n. A piece of inclosed 
 ground kept for game, or 
 for recreation, &c. ; a place 
 for artillery. 
 Par'lange, n. Talk; form of 
 
 speech; conversation. 
 Par 'ley, n. Conference; mu- 
 tual di.scourse. — v. i. To 
 treat by word of mouth. 
 Par'lia-ment (piir/li-), n. The 
 supreme legislative assembly 
 of Great Britain, &c. 
 Par/lia-ment'a-ry, a. Per- 
 taining to parliament, or to 
 legislative usages. 
 Par'lor (83), ti. A room for 
 
 receiving company, &c. 
 Pa-ro'-ehi-al, a. Belonging 
 
 to a parish. 
 Par'o-dy, n. A ludicrous 
 adaptation of a po<>m. — v. t. 
 To apply differently ; to give 
 a burlesque imitation of. 
 Pa-roF, I n. Word of 
 Pa-role', ] mouth ; a verbal 
 promise. — a. Oral ; verbal. 
 Par'o-nym, ( n. A parony- 
 Par'o-nyme, \ mous word. 
 Pa-ron'y-moiis, a. Sounding 
 alike, but of different mean- 
 ing and spelling. 
 Par'o-quet (-ket), n. A small 
 
 kind of parrot. 
 Pa-r6t'id, a. Pertaining to 
 certain glands near the ears. 
 Par'ox-ysm, n. A violent fit 
 of pain. 
 
 Par-quet' (-ka/ or -ketO, n. 
 Lower floor of a theater. 
 
 Par'quet-ry (-ket-), n. Cabi- 
 net work of wood inlaid with 
 figures. 
 
 Par/ri-Qpdal, a. Relating to, 
 or committing, parricide. 
 
 P&r'ri-Cide, n. One who mur- 
 ders his parent. 
 
 Par'rot, n. A tropical bird. 
 
 Par'ry, v.t. To ward off. 
 
 PARTNER 
 
 Parse, t'.^. To analyze and 
 
 describe grammatically. 
 Par'si-mo'ni-cus, a. Frugal ; 
 
 penurious. [niggardliness. 
 Par'si-mo-ny , 71. Frugality , 
 Pars'ley, n. A plant used in 
 cookery. [root. 
 Pars'nip, n. A plant and ita 
 Par'son (par'sn), n. The 
 
 clergyman of a parish. 
 Par'son-age, »?. Ilouireofthe 
 
 minister of a parish. 
 Part, «. A portion; share; 
 side. — V. t. To divide ; to 
 share; to separate, [part of. 
 Par-take', r. /. To have a 
 Par-terre' (par-tr.rO, An 
 ornamental plot of ground. 
 Par'tial, a. Affecting or in- 
 cluding a part only ; not 
 general ; biased. 
 Par'ti-ai'i-ty (-shi-itia-), n. 
 
 Undue bias or fondness. 
 Par'tial-ly, aflv. In part 
 
 only ; with undue bias. 
 Par-tiQ'i-pant, a. Sharing ; 
 
 partaking. — n. A partaker. 
 Par-tig'i-pate, v. t. To par- 
 take ; to share. 
 Par-tig^i-pa'ticn, n. A shar- 
 ing ; distribution. 
 Par'ti-gip'i-al, a. Having the 
 nature of, or formed from, 
 a participle. 
 Par'ti-ci-ple, v. A word par- 
 taking of the properties of a 
 noun and a verb. 
 Par'ti-cle, w. A minute por- 
 tion of matter ; an atom. 
 Par-ti€'u-lar, a. Pertaining 
 to a single person or thing ; 
 minute ; exact : peculiar. — 
 n. A single point or circum- 
 stance. 
 
 Par-ti-e'u-iar 'i-ty , w . Som e- 
 
 thing peculiar ; exactness. 
 Par-ti-e'u-lar-ize (31), v. t. 
 
 To mention in particulars. 
 Par-ti€'u-lar-ly, adv. Singly. 
 Par'ti-san', n. An adhertnb 
 
 to a party or faction — S YN. 
 
 Follower ; disciple. 
 Par-ti'tion (-tTsh/un),n. That 
 
 which separates. — v.t. To 
 
 divide into parts. 
 Part'i-tive, a. Distributive. 
 Part'ly, In part. 
 Part'ner, n., An associate in 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, w(?lf, to-Q, to^ok ; to, rvje, pyll 9, ^, soft ; g, hxird; ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
PARTNERSHIP 
 
 190 
 
 PATRONIZE 
 
 business ; a sharer ; com- 
 panion, iis in a dance. 
 
 Pa,rt'ner-ship, n. Union or 
 joint interest in business. 
 
 Par- took', imp. of Partake. 
 
 Par'tridge (18), n. A name 
 fjiven to different birds. 
 
 Par/tu-n'tion (-rish'un), n. 
 Act of giving birth. 
 
 PlLr'ty (19), n. A number of 
 persons united by some tie ; 
 a select assembly ; one of 
 t'.vo litigants. 
 
 Par'ty-eoPored, a. Varie- 
 gated ; of various colors. 
 
 P^s'-ehal, a. Pertaining to 
 the passover. 
 
 Pa-sha', or Pa'sha, n. A 
 Turkish viceroy or governor. 
 
 Pa-sha'ii-e, a. Jurisdiction of 
 a pasha. 
 
 Pas'quin-ade' (-kwin-), n. 
 A satirical writing. 
 
 Pass (2), 1'. t. To go beyond ; 
 to spend ; to omit ; to enact. 
 — V. i. To go; to move; to 
 circulate ; to be current. — 
 n. A passage ; license to 
 pass ; a thrust. 
 
 Pass'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being passed ; tolerable. 
 
 Pass'a bly, adv. Tolerably. 
 
 P3,s'sage, n. Act of passing ; 
 journey ; way ; incident ; 
 portion of a book. 
 
 Pass'-bdbk, n. A book in 
 which a trader enters ar- 
 ticles bought on credit and 
 then passes or sends it to 
 the purchaser. 
 
 P3.s'sen-ger, n. A traveler by 
 some public conveyance. 
 
 Pass'ing, n. Act of going by. 
 
 Pils'sion (pash^un), n. That 
 which is suffered ; any strong 
 emotion. — Syn. Feeling; 
 emotion. [ed. 
 
 Pas'sion-ate, a. Easily excit- 
 
 Pas'sion-ate-ly, adv.. With 
 passion. [excited. 
 
 Pas'sion-less, a. Not easily 
 
 Pas'sive, a. Receiving im- 
 pressions ; not active ; unre- 
 sisting. 
 
 P^s'sive-ly, adv. In a pas- 
 sive manner. 
 
 Pass'o-ver, n. A feast of the 
 Jews. See Exnd. xii. 
 
 Pass'port, n. A permission 
 
 to travel ; a safe conduct. 
 Pass'word (-ward), n. A 
 word to be given before one 
 can pass ; a watch-word. 
 Past, prep. Beyond. — n. Time 
 that has gone by. — a. 
 Elapsed ; ended. 
 Paste, n. An adhesive mixt- 
 ure. — V. t. To unite with 
 paste. [thick paper. 
 
 Paste'board, n. A species of 
 Pas'tern, n. Part of a horse's 
 
 leg next to the hoof. 
 Pas-tiile', n. A small cone of 
 perfumed paste for burning. 
 Pas'time (17), n. Diversion ; 
 
 amusement ; sport. 
 Pas'tor, n. A shepherd ; min- 
 ister of a church. 
 Pas'tor-al, a. Rural ; relating 
 to a pastor. — n. A poem 
 describing rural life. [tor. 
 Pas'tor-ate, n. Office of apas- 
 Pas'try, n. Pies, tarts, cake, 
 I &c. [pasture. 
 Past'ur-a-ble, a. Fit for 
 Past'ur-age, n. Lands grazed 
 
 by cattle ; grass for cattle. 
 Pasture) n. Land for graz- 
 ing. — V. t. or i. To graze. 
 Pas'ty , a . Like paste or dough . 
 
 — n. A pie made of paste. 
 Pat, a. Fit ; exactly suitable. 
 
 — n. A light blow. 
 Patch (18), M.. A piece of 
 
 cloth used in mending ; 
 plot. — v.t. To put a patch 
 on ; to repair clumsily, 
 patch' work (-wQrk), n. Bits 
 of cloth sewed together ; 
 bungling work. [head. 
 Pate, n. llead ; skin of a calfs 
 Pa^tent, or Pat'ent, n. A 
 grant of an exclusive right to 
 an invention. — v. t. To 
 make a public grant of. 
 Pa'tent, or Pat'ent, a. Open ; 
 
 public ; manifest. 
 Pa'tent ee', or Pat^ent-ee', 
 n. One to whom a patent is 
 granted. [reditary. 
 Pa-t5r'nal, a. Fatherly ; he- 
 Pa-t§r'ni-ty, n. Relation of 
 a fother to his offspring ; 
 fatherhood. [prayer. 
 Pa'ter-n6s^ter, n. The Lord's 
 I Path, n. (pi. Pathg.) A way 
 
 trod by man or beast ; course 
 of action or life. — Syn, 
 Road ; route ; passage; track. 
 
 Pa-thet'i-e, a. Affecting the 
 tender emotions. [path. 
 
 Path 'less, a. Having no 
 
 Path^o-ld^'i-C, ) a. Relat- 
 
 Path'o-log'i-c-al, j ing to 
 pathology. 
 
 Pa-th61'o-gist, 11. One who 
 treats of pathology. 
 
 Pa-thol'o-gy, n. The science 
 of diseases. 
 
 Pa'th6s, n. That which 
 awakens tender emotions. 
 
 Path'way, n. A path con- 
 ducting to any point. 
 
 Pa'tienge, n. Power of suf- 
 fering without complaint ; 
 perseverance ; resignation. 
 
 Pa'tient, a. Enduring with- 
 out complaint. — n. A sick 
 person. 
 
 Pa'tient-ly, adv. Without 
 complaint ; with resignation. 
 
 Pa'tri-ar€h, n. The head of 
 a family or church. 
 
 Pa^tri-ar€h'al, a. Pertaining 
 to a patriarch. 
 
 Pa-tri'cian (-trish/an ), a. Of 
 noble family. — n. A noble- 
 man, [by inheritance. 
 
 P3,t/ri-mo'ni-al, a. Possessed 
 
 Pat'ri-mo-ny, n. An estate 
 derived by inheritance. 
 
 Pa'tri-ot, n. One who loves 
 his country. 
 
 Pa/tri-6t'i€, a. Having love 
 to one's country. 
 
 Pa'tri-ot-ism, n. Love of 
 one's country. 
 
 Pa-tris'ti<J, a. Relating to the 
 ancient Christian fathers. 
 
 Pa-tr51', n. The guard that 
 goes round a camp at night. 
 — V. t. To go round, as a 
 sentry. — v. t. To pass 
 round, as a sentry. 
 
 Pa'tron,n. One who counte- 
 nances or protects. — Syn. 
 Advocate ; benefactor. 
 
 P5,t'ron-age, n. Special coun- 
 tenance or support ; aid. 
 
 Pa,t'ron-al, a. Protecting ; 
 favoring. [tron. 
 
 Pa'tron-ess, n. A female pa- 
 
 P&t'ron-ize (31), v. t. To act 
 the patron to. — Syn. To 
 
 a, e, T, 6, u, y, long; 6, 1, 6, u, y, short; care, car, ask, ^11} whg,t ; ere, vgil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
PATRONYMIC 
 
 191 
 
 PELICAN 
 
 support ; favor ; aid ] de- 
 fend ; uphold. 
 
 Pat'ro-nym'i€, n. A name 
 derived from an ancestor. 
 
 Pat'ten, n. The base of a 
 column ; a kind of wooden 
 shoe standing on an iron 
 ring. [drops of rain. 
 
 Pat'ter, v. i. To strike as 
 
 Pat'tern, n. A model for imi- 
 tation. — V. i. To copy. 
 
 Pat'ty, n. A little pie. 
 
 Pau'Qi-ty, n. Small ness of 
 number or quantity, [belly. 
 
 Paunch, or Paunch, n. The 
 
 Pau'per, n. A poor person ; 
 one who receives alms. 
 
 Pau'per-i§m, n. State of be- 
 ing a pauper ; indigence. 
 
 Pau§e, n. A stop ; cessation ; 
 suspense. — v. i. To stop ; 
 to cease ; to wait. 
 
 Pave, V. t. To lay with stone 
 or brick. [stone or brick. 
 
 Pave'ment, n. A floor of 
 
 Pav'er, ) n. One who lays 
 
 Pav'ier, J stones for a pave- 
 ment. 
 
 Pa-vil'ion (-yun), n. A tent ; 
 a kind of building or turret. 
 
 Paw, n. The foot of a beast. 
 "—V. i. or t. To scrape or 
 strike with the foot. 
 
 Pawn, n. A pledge deposited. 
 "—v.t. To leave as security. 
 
 Pawn'bro-ker, n. One who 
 lends money on pledge. 
 
 Pay, V. t. [imp. and p. p. 
 Paid.] To discharge, as a 
 debt or duty ; to reward ; to 
 rub over, as with tar, &c. 
 — V. i. To be remunera- 
 tive. — n. Payment ; reward. 
 
 Pay'a-ble, a. Justly due. 
 
 Pay'-day, n. A day of reck- 
 oning. 
 
 Pay-ee', «. One to whom a 
 note is made payable. 
 
 Pay'-mas''ter, n. An officer 
 who makes payment. 
 
 Pay'ment, n. Act of paying ; 
 money paid. 
 
 Pea (23), n. A plant and its 
 fruit, used for food. 
 
 Peage, n. Quiet ; repose ; free- 
 dom from war or disturb- 
 ance, [to peace ; quiet. 
 
 PeaQe'a-ble(ll), a. Disposed 
 
 PeaQe'ful (17), a. Quiet in 
 
 mind ;' undisturbed. 
 Peage'-mak'er, n. One who 
 makes peace by reconciling 
 parties at variance. 
 
 Peach (18), n. A delicious 
 stone-fruit. [fowl. 
 
 Pea'-c6ck, n. A beautiful 
 
 Pea'hen, n. Female of the 
 peacock. [a point. 
 
 Peak, n. The top of a hill ; 
 
 Peal, n. A loud sound. — v.i. 
 To utter loud and solemn 
 sounds. [a paean. 
 
 Pe'an, n. A triumphal song ; 
 
 Pear, n. A tree and its fruit. 
 
 Pearl, n. A white substance 
 found in the oyster. — v. t. 
 To adorn Avitli pearls. 
 
 Pearl'ash,7i. Refined potash. 
 
 Pearl'y, a. Like pearl. 
 
 Peag'ant, n. One who lives 
 by rural labor. [rustics. 
 
 Peas'ant-ry, n. Peasants ; 
 
 Pease, n. pi. Peas collectively. 
 
 Peat, n. A species of turf.often 
 used for fuel. [stone. 
 
 Peb'ble, n. A small roundish 
 
 Peb'bly, a. Full of pebbles. 
 
 Pe-€an', n. A tree and its 
 nut. [to sin. 
 
 Pe-c^-ea-bil'l-ty, M. -Liability 
 
 Pe€'-ea-ble, a. Liable to sin. 
 
 Pe€/€a-da'lo(18),n. A slight 
 fault ; a petty offense. 
 
 Peck, n. Fourth of a bushel. 
 — V. t. To strike with the 
 beak or something pointed. 
 
 Pe€'to-ral, a. Belonging to 
 the breast. — n. A medi- 
 cine for the breast. 
 
 Pe€'u-late, v.i. To steal pub- 
 lic moneys intrusted to one. 
 
 Pe€^u-la'tion, n. Act of pecu- 
 lating ; embezzlement. 
 
 Pe-e'u-la^tor, n. A robber of 
 the public property. 
 
 Pe-eul'iar, a. Appropriate ; 
 singular; special. 
 
 Pe-euPiar'i-ty (-yar'i-), n. 
 Singularity. 
 
 Pe-«ul'iar-ly, adv. In a pe- 
 culiar manner ; particularl5^ 
 
 Pe-eun'ia-ry (-kun^ya-), a. 
 Pertaining to money. 
 
 Ped/a-g6g'i€, ) a. Suiting, 
 
 Ped'a-g6g'i-e-al, J or pertain- 
 ing to, a pedagogue. 
 
 Ped'a-gog-i§m, n. Business 
 or character of a pedagogue. 
 
 Ped'a-g6gue, n. A school- 
 master. 
 
 Ped'al, n. The foot-key of an 
 
 organ or piano-forte. 
 Ped'ant, n. One who makes 
 
 a display of learning. 
 Pc-dant'i-C, a. Displaying 
 
 pedantry. 
 Ped'ant-ry, n. Ostentation 
 
 of learning. 
 Ped'dle, v. i. To travel and^ 
 
 retail goods. 
 Ped'dler, n. A traveling trad- 
 er in small wares. 
 Ped'es-tal, rj. The base of a 
 
 column, statue, &c. 
 Pe-des'tri-an, a. Going or 
 
 performed on foot. — n. One 
 
 who goes on foot. 
 Pe-des'tri-an-ism, n. Act 
 
 of walking, and going on 
 
 foot. 
 
 Ped'i-gree, n. Genealogy ; 
 lineage. 
 
 Ped'i-m.ent,n. An ornament- 
 al crowning of a door, win- 
 dow, &c. 
 
 Pe'do-b3.p'tist, n. One who 
 holds to infant baptism. 
 
 Pe-dun'-ele, n. Stem of a 
 flower and of the fruit of a 
 plant. 
 
 Peel (8), r. t. To strip of 
 skin or rind. — v. i. To 
 come off, as the skin. — n. 
 Rind ; bark ; a large fire 
 shovel. 
 
 Peep, n. Sly look ; first ap- 
 pearance ; cry of chickens. 
 — V. i. To begin to appear ; 
 to cry as a chicken. 
 
 Peer, n. An equal ; a noble- 
 man. — V. i. To come in 
 sight. 
 
 Peer'age, n. Body of peers. 
 
 Peer'ess, n. Wife of a peer. 
 
 Peer'lQSS, a. Without an 
 equal ; unequaled. 
 
 Pee'Vish, a. Easily vexed. — 
 Syn. Cross ; testy ; irrita- 
 ble ; captious ; fretful. 
 
 Peg, n. A small wooden pin. 
 
 Pelf, n. Money ; — in an odious 
 sense. 
 
 Pel'i-€an, n. A large web- 
 footed water-fowl. 
 
 son, 6r, dQ, wQlf, too, tdbk ; firn, rije, pull ; f , ^, soft; e, g, hard; as ; exist ; n as ng ; this. 
 
PELISSE 
 
 192 
 
 PERADYENTURE 
 
 Pe-iisse' (-leessO, n. A silk 
 habit for a female. 
 
 Pell (1), n. A skin ; a hide. 
 
 Pel'let, n. A little ball. 
 
 Pel'ii-ele, n. A thin external 
 skin ; film. 
 
 PSll-meli', adv. Confusedly. 
 
 Pel-lu'gid, a. Adnntting the 
 passage of light ; clear. 
 
 Pelt, n. A raw or undressed 
 hide. —r.t. To strike with 
 pellets or missiles. 
 
 Pelt'ry, n. Furs. 
 
 Pel'vis, n. Bony structure at 
 the lower extremity of the 
 body, which contains the 
 intestines, &c. 
 
 Pem'mi-ean, n. Meat dried, 
 pounded, and mixed with 
 melted fat and dried fruit. 
 
 Pen, n. Instrument for writ- 
 ing ; a writer ; a small in- 
 closure for beasts. — v. t. To 
 write ; to confine. 
 
 Pe'nal, a. Denouncing or in- 
 curring punishment. 
 
 Pen'al-ty, n. Punishment at- 
 tached to the commission of 
 a crime. 
 
 Pen'ange. n. Suffering inflict- 
 ed or self-imposed for sin. 
 
 Pon^e, n. pi. of Penny. 
 
 PSn'gil, n. A brush ; .an in- 
 strument of black lead, 
 colored chalk, or the like, 
 for writing and drawing. — 
 V. t. (8) To draw or paint. 
 
 Pcnd'ant, n. A hanging ap- 
 pendage ; a pennant. 
 
 Pend'en-gy, n. Suspense ; de- 
 lay of decision. 
 
 Pend'ent, a. Hanging ; sus- 
 pended ; pendulous. 
 
 Pend'ing, a. Remaining un- 
 decided ; in suspense. 
 
 Pend'u-lous, a. Swinging. 
 
 Pend'u-lum, n. A body sus- 
 pended and vibrating. 
 
 Pen^e-tra-hil'i-ty, «. Quality 
 of being penetrable. 
 
 Pen'c-tra-ble, a. Capable of 
 being penetrated. 
 
 Pcn'e-trate, v. t. To pierce ; 
 to enter ; to feel deeply. 
 
 Pcn^'e-tra'tion, n. Act of en- 
 tering ; sagacity. 
 
 Pen'o-tra'tive, ) a. Discern- 
 Pfin^e-tra^ting, / ing ; acute, 
 
 Pgn'guln (-gwin), 
 
 n. A web-footed 
 
 marine bird. 
 Pen-in'su-la 
 
 (-SU- or -shij-), 
 
 n. Land nearly 
 
 surrounded by 
 
 water. 
 
 Pen-in'su-lar Penguin. 
 (-SU- or -shi}-), a. Having 
 the form of a peninsula. 
 
 Pen'i-tenge, n. Sorrow of 
 heart for sin ; contrition. 
 
 Pen'i-tent, a. Suffering sor- 
 row for sin. — n. One sor- 
 rowful for sin. 
 
 Pen^i-ten'tial, a. Pertaining 
 to, or expressing, penitence. 
 
 Pen/i-ten'ti-a-ry (-shi-a-ry), 
 a. Relating to penitence. 
 — n. A house of correction ; 
 prison . 
 
 Pen'knife (p6n/Tf, 20), n. A 
 
 knife for pens. 
 Pen'man (21), n. One who 
 
 writes a good hand ; an 
 
 author. 
 
 Pen'man-ship, v. Manner of 
 writing; use of the pen. 
 
 Pen'nant, ) n. A small flag 
 
 Pen'non, | or streamer. 
 
 Pen'nate, a. Winged. 
 
 Pen'ni-less (13), a. Having 
 no money. 
 
 Pen'ny, n. (pi. Pen'nies, 
 Penge, 25.) The twelfth ofla, 
 shilling, equal to four far- 
 things, or about two cents. 
 
 Pen^ny-roy'al, n. An aro- 
 matic herb. 
 
 Pen'ny-weight (-wat). n. A 
 troy weight of 24 grains. 
 
 Pen'ny-wige, a. Saving 
 small sums at the risk of 
 losing larger ones. 
 
 Pen'ny-worth. (-wQrth), n. 
 As much as is bought for a 
 penny ; a bit. 
 
 Pen'siie, a. Hanging. 
 
 Pen'sion, n. A settled yearly 
 allowance by government. 
 — V. t. To grant a pension to. 
 
 Pen'sion-a-ry, a. Receiving, 
 or consisting of, «a pension. 
 
 Pen'sion-er, n. One who re- 
 ceives a pension. 
 
 Pgn'sive, a. Thoughtful ; 
 sad. 
 
 Pent, imp. Sc p. p. of Fen. 
 Closely confined. 
 
 Pen'ta-gon, n. A 
 figure of five an- 
 gles and five sides. ^ 
 
 Pen-tag'o-nal, a. ^ 
 
 Having five an- ^- 
 
 gles Pentagon. 
 
 Pen'ta-graph, n. An instru- 
 ment for cop3 ing figures. 
 
 Pen/ta-he'dral, a. Having 
 five equal sides. 
 
 Pen'ta-he'dron, n. A figure 
 having five equal sides. 
 
 Pen-tam'e-ter, n. A poetic 
 verse of five feet. 
 
 Pen-t^n^gu-lar, a. Having 
 five angles. 
 
 Pen'ta-teu€h, n. First five 
 books of the Old Testament. 
 
 Pen'te-€6st, n. A Jewish fes- 
 tival fifty days after the 
 Passover. 
 
 Pent'-house, n. A shed slop- 
 ing from the main building. 
 
 Pe'nuit, or Pe-nult', n. Last 
 syllable but one. 
 
 Pe-nul'ti-ma, )«. The last 
 
 Pe-nul'ti mate, ) syllable 
 but one of a word ; penult. 
 
 Pe-niilt'i-mate, a. Of the 
 last S3 liable but one. 
 
 Pe-num'tora, a. A partial 
 shade in an eclipse. 
 
 Pe-nii'ri-ous, a. Very parsi- 
 monious ; niggardly. 
 
 Pen'u-ry, n. Poverty ; indi- 
 gence. 
 
 Pe'on, n. A debtor held as a 
 slave till he works out his 
 debt. 
 
 Pe'cn-age, n. The servitude 
 
 of a peon. 
 Pe'o-ny, n. A plant and its 
 
 flower. 
 
 Peo'ple (pc^pl), n. A nation ; 
 persons generall}' ; folks. — 
 V. t. To stock with inhabi- 
 tants ; to populate. 
 
 Pep'per, n. A plant and its 
 hot, pungent seed. — v. L 
 To sprinkle with pepper. 
 
 Pep'per-mint, n. An aro- 
 matic and pungent plant. 
 
 P6p'per-y, n. Hot ; pungent ; 
 fiery ; irritable. 
 
 Pfir^ad-vgnt'ure, adv. Ry 
 chance ; perhaps. 
 
 a, 0, 1 , o, u, y, long ; a, 5, i, o, u, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, gU, wh^jt ; ere, veil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
PERAMBULATE 
 
 103 
 
 PERPENDICULAR 
 
 Per-Sm'bu-late, v. t. To 
 wulk round or over. 
 
 Per-S-m^bu-la'tion, n. A 
 passing or walking over. 
 
 Per-am'bu-la^tor, n. One 
 who perambulates ; instru- 
 ment to measure distances. 
 
 Per-geiv'a-ble (11), a. Ca- 
 pable of being perceived. 
 
 Per-geive', v. t. To feel ; to 
 observe ; to discern. 
 
 Per-^6nt'age, n. Allowance 
 or duty on a hundred. 
 
 Per-cSp'ti-ble, a. Capable 
 of being perceived. 
 
 Per-Q6p'ti-bly, adv. So as 
 to be perceived. 
 
 Per-Qep'tion, n. Act or power 
 of perceiving. — Syn. Idea ; 
 conception ; sentiment; sen- 
 
 . sation ; observation, [ceive. 
 
 Per-Q§p'tive, a. Able to per- 
 
 Perch, n. A kind of fish ; a 
 pole : a roost ; a rod. — v. i. 
 To light ; to roost. 
 
 Per-change', adv. Perhaps. 
 
 Per-Qip'i-ent, a. Having the 
 faculty of perception. 
 
 Per'€0-late, v. i. or t. To 
 strain through ; to filter. 
 
 Per^'-eo-la'tion, n. A passing 
 through small interstices ; 
 filtration. 
 
 Per-eus'sion (-kttsh^un), n. 
 Act or effect of striking ; vi- 
 bratory shock ; a stroke. 
 
 Per-di'tion (-dlsh/un), n. 
 Ruin ; loss of the soul. 
 
 Per-du', adv. Lost ; in a state 
 of concealment. 
 
 Per''e-gri-na'tion, n. A trav- 
 eling ; a wandering. 
 
 Per'emp-to-ri-ly, adv. Posi- 
 tively ; absolutely. 
 
 Per'emp-to-ri-ness, n. Posi- 
 tiveness. [absolute. 
 
 Per'emp-to-ry, a. Positive; 
 
 Per-en'ni-al, a. Durable ; 
 lasting perpetually. 
 
 Per'fe€t, a. Complete ; fin- 
 ished ; consummate. 
 
 Per'fe-et, or Per-fe€t', v. t. 
 To finish ; to complete. 
 
 Per-fe€'tion, n. State of 
 being perfect ; completeness. 
 
 Per-fe«t'ive, a. Conducive 
 to perfection. 
 
 Per-fid'i-ous, a. False to 
 
 trust ; faithless ; treacher- 
 ous. 
 
 Per'fi-dy, n. Violation of 
 faith. — SVN. Treachery ; 
 disloyalty ; faithlessne^s. 
 
 Per'fo-ratc, v. t. To bore or 
 pierce through. 
 
 Peiyfo-ra'tion, n. Act of boi*- 
 ing through ; a hole bored. 
 
 Per-forge', adv. Violently ; 
 of necessity. 
 
 Per-form', v. t. To do ; to 
 execute thoroughly. 
 
 Per-form'ange, w. That 
 which is done ; composi- 
 tion ; work. 
 
 Per-fdrm'er, n. One who per- 
 forms. 
 
 Per'fume, or Per-fume', n. 
 A sweet scent ; fragrance. 
 
 Per-fume', v. t. To scent. 
 
 Per-fum'er-y, n. Perfumes 
 in general. 
 
 Per-fun€'to-ry, a. Done to 
 get rid of the duty ; indiffer- 
 ent ; negligent. 
 
 Per-haps', adv. By chance. 
 
 Pe'ri(18), n. A kindof fairy. 
 
 Per''i-€ar'di-um, n. Mem- 
 brane inclosing the heart. 
 
 Per'i-earp, n. Ripened ovary 
 of a plant. 
 
 Per'i-gee, n. That point in 
 the orbit of the moon which 
 is nearest to the earth. 
 
 Per'i-hel'ion (or -hsaT-un), 
 n. The point in a planet's 
 orbit nearest the sun. 
 
 Per'il, n. Danger ; risk ; haz- 
 ard. — ^•. (8) To hazard. 
 
 Per'il-ous, a. Full of danger. 
 
 Pe-rim'e-ter, n. The outer 
 boundary of a figure. 
 
 Pe'ri-od, n. A circuit ; time 
 of a revolution ; series of 
 years ; epoch ; era ; age ; 
 end ; a complete sentence ; 
 a point [.], used in. writing 
 and printing. 
 
 Pe-'ri-od'i-e-al, a. Regularly 
 returning. — n. A period- 
 ical magazine. 
 
 Pe''ri-6d'i€-al-ly, adv. At 
 stated periods. 
 
 Pe-riph'er-y, n. Circumfer- 
 ence of a circle. 
 
 Per'i-phrase, ) n. A round- 
 
 Pe-riph'ra-sis, ) aboutmode 
 
 of expression ; circumlocu- 
 tion. 
 
 Per^i-phras'ti-c, a. Express- 
 ing or expressed in many- 
 words ; circumlocutory. 
 
 Per'ish, v. i. To decay ; to 
 die ; to go to ruin. 
 
 Per'ish-a-ble, a. Liable to 
 perish ; subject to decay. 
 
 Per^i-stal'ti€, a. Contracting 
 with a worm-like motion. 
 
 Per'i-style, n. A range of 
 columns round an edifice. 
 
 Per'i-wig, n. A small wig. 
 
 Per'i-wink^le, n. A small 
 shell-fish. [oath to. 
 
 Per'Jure, v. t. To make a false 
 
 Per'jii-ry, n. The act of will- 
 fully taking a false oath. 
 
 Perk, a. Lively ; pert. 
 
 Per'ma-nenge, [ ». Contin- 
 
 Per'ma-nen-gy, J uance ; 
 duration ; fixedness. 
 
 Per'ma-nent, a. Durable ; 
 lasting ; without change. 
 
 Per'me-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being passed through. 
 
 Per 'me -ate, v. t. To pass 
 through the intetitices of. 
 
 Per/me-a'tion, «. The act of 
 passing through pores. 
 
 Per-mis'si-ble, a. Proper to 
 be permitted ; allowable. 
 
 Per-mis'sion (-mish'^un), n. 
 Act of permitting ; formal 
 consent; leave; liberty. 
 
 Per-mis'sive, a. Granting. 
 
 Per-mit', v. t. To give per- 
 mission or leave ; to license. 
 
 Per'mit, or Per-mit', n. A 
 warrant in writing. 
 
 Per'mu-t action, n. Arrange- 
 ment of a given number of 
 things in all possible ways. 
 
 Per-ni'cioiis (-nish'us), a. 
 Injuring or tending to in- 
 jure. — Syn. Hurtful ; nox- 
 ious ; destructive. 
 
 Per/o-ra'tion, n. The closing 
 part of an oration.. 
 
 Per''pen-di-e'u- d 
 lar, a. Up- 
 right ; meeting 
 at right angles. 
 — n. A. Une or 
 plane at right 1'. 
 angles to aa- od, Perpen- 
 other. dicular. 
 
 s6n, or, dg, W9lf, too, took; Grn, rije, pi,ill ; f, ^, soft; g, hard; ag ; exist; c as ng; this. 
 
PERPENDICULARLY 
 
 191 
 
 PETROLEUM 
 
 Per'pen-di€'u-lar-ly, adv. 
 
 At right angles. 
 Per'pe-trate, v. t. To do or 
 
 commit. ; to perform. 
 Per^pe-tra'tion, n. Commis- 
 sion of something wrong. 
 Per'pe-tra^tor, n. One who 
 
 perpetrates. 
 Per-pet'u-al, a. Never ceas- 
 ing ; everlasting. 
 Pe^-p8t'u-ate,^'. To make 
 
 perpetual. 
 Per-pet'u-a'tion, ) n.Endless 
 Pcr^pe-tu'i-ty, j duration. 
 Per-plex', v. t. To embar- 
 rass ; to puzzle. [ing. 
 Per-plex'ing, a. Embarrass- 
 Per-plex'i-ty , n. State of in- 
 tricacy ; embarrassment. 
 Per'qui-site, n. An extra 
 allowance in money or other 
 things. _ 
 Per'se-eute, v. t. To pursue 
 
 with malignity ; to harass. 
 Per'se-€u'tion, n. State of 
 
 being persecuted. 
 Per'se-<5u''tor, n. One who 
 
 persecutes. 
 Per^se-ver'ange, n. A persist- 
 ing in what is undertaken. 
 Per^se-vere', v. i. To persist. 
 Per-sim'mon, n. An Ameri- 
 can tree and its fruit. 
 Per-sist', V. i. To persevere 
 
 steadily and firmly. 
 Per-sist'enge, n. Persever- 
 ance against opposition ; 
 steady pursuit. 
 Per'son (per'sn), n. A living 
 human being ; one ; out- 
 ward appearance. 
 P5r'son-a-ble, a. Having a 
 
 well-formed bod}^. 
 Per'son-age, n. A person of 
 
 distinction. 
 Per'son-al, n. Belonging to a 
 
 person ; movable. 
 Pcr''son-al'i-ty, n. Direct ap- 
 plication to a person. 
 Per'son-al-ly , adv. In x)erson. 
 Per'son-al-ty, n. Personal 
 
 property or estate. 
 Per'son-^te, v. t. To repre- 
 sent, [representing. 
 Per^son-a'tion, n. Act of 
 Per-s6n''i-fi-€a,'tion, n. A 
 representation of inanimate 
 things as living beings. 
 
 Per-Bon'i-fy, v. t. To regard 
 or treat :is a person. I 
 
 Per-spe€'tive, «. Relating to 
 vision. — n. Art of repre- 
 senting objects correctly on 
 a plane surface. 
 
 Per''spi-ea'ci6us, a. Quick- 
 sighted; discerning; keen. 
 
 Per^spi-cag'i-ty, n. Acute- 
 ness of sight or discernment. 
 
 Per'spi-cu'i-ty, n. Clearness. 
 
 Per-spl-e'u-ous, a. Clear, es- 
 pecially in statement ; plain. 
 
 Per^'spi-ra'tion, n. Excretion 
 through the pores ; sweat. 
 
 Per-spire', v. To emit fluid 
 matter through the pores ; 
 to sweat. 
 
 Per-suade', v. t.To influence 
 by argument or entreaty. 
 
 Per-sua'sion, n. Act of per- 
 suading ; creed ; belief ; 
 reason. 
 
 Per-sua'sive, a. Tending to 
 persuade. 
 
 Pert, a. Smart ; brisk ; saucy. 
 
 Per-tain' (8), v. i. To belong ; 
 to relate. 
 
 Per'ti-na/cious, a. Holding 
 firmly to any opinion or 
 purpose. — Syn. IMrm ; con- 
 stant ; stubborn ; obstinate. 
 
 Perai-nag'i-ty, n. Obsti- 
 nacy in adherence. 
 
 Per'ti-nengc, \n. Fitness; 
 
 Pcr'ti-nen-gy, ) suitableness. 
 
 Per'ti-nent, a. Appropriate 
 to the case. — Syn. Rele- 
 vant ; appasite ; appropri 
 ate ; apt. [purpose. 
 
 Per'ti-nent-ly, adv. To the 
 
 Pert'ly, adv. Smartly ; sau- 
 cily ; impertinently. 
 
 Pert'ness, n. Sauciness. 
 
 Per-turb', v. t. To disturb 
 the mind of ; to agitato. 
 
 Per^tur-ba'tion, n. Disturb 
 ance of the mind or pas- 
 sions ; disquiet, [of hair. 
 
 PSr'vike, n. An artificial cap 
 
 Pe-ril'sal, n. Act of perus- 
 ing. ^ [tontion. 
 
 Pc-ru§e', V. t. To read with at- 
 Per-vade', v. t. To pass 
 through. [vading. 
 Per-va'§ion, n. Act of per- 
 Per-va'sivc, a. Tending, or 
 having power, to pervade. 
 
 Per-verse', a. Obstinate in 
 the wrong; fro ward. 
 
 Per-ver'sion, n. A diverting 
 from the proper use. 
 
 Per-ver'si-ty (11), n. State 
 of being perverse. 
 
 Per-ver'sive, a. Tending to 
 pervert or corrupt. 
 
 Per-vert', v. t. To turn from 
 truth or from the right ; to 
 corrupt, [being penetrated. 
 
 Per'vi-ous, a. Capable of 
 
 Per'vi-ous-ness, n. Quality 
 of being pervious. 
 
 Pest, n. Plague ; pestilence. 
 
 PSs'ter, V. t. To harass with 
 little vexations ; to annoy. 
 
 P6st'-house, n. A hospital 
 for infectious diseases. 
 
 Pes-tif'er-ous, a. Pestilen- 
 tial ; troublesome. 
 
 Pes'ti-lenge, n. Contagious 
 distemper; plague. 
 
 Pes'ti-lent, a. Noxious to 
 health, morals, society, Lc. 
 
 Pes'ti-len'tial,a. Containing, 
 or tending to, the plague. 
 
 Pes'tle (pes^), n. An instru- 
 ment for pounding and 
 breaking things iu a mortar. 
 
 Pet, n. Fit of peevishness ; 
 any creature fondled or m- 
 dulged. — To treat tv 3 
 a pet ; to fondle. [leaf. 
 
 Pet'al,orPe'tal, n. A flowcr- 
 
 Pe-tard', n. A piece cf ord- 
 nance for blowing up workr^. 
 
 Pet'i-ole, n. Foot-stalk of 
 a leaf. [tie ; mean. 
 
 Pet'it(pgt/5^), a. Small; lit- 
 Pe-ti'tion (-tiWun), n. Re- 
 quest; prayer. — v. t. To 
 supplicate ; to solicit. 
 Pet'rel, n. A long-wingcd, 
 
 web-footed sea-fowl. 
 PcVri-fa-e'tion, n. Conver- 
 sion into stone. 
 PeVri-fa-et'ivc, a. Ilavii^g 
 power to change into stony 
 matter; petrific. 
 Pe-trif'i-e, a. Having power 
 
 to turn to stone. 
 Pet'ri-fy , v. t. To convert into 
 stone or a stony substance. 
 — V. i. To become stone. 
 Pe-tr5'le-um, n. An inflam- 
 mable, bituminous liquid 
 exuding from the earth. 
 
 a, g, 1, 0. u, y, long; e, i, 6, tt, short ; care, ciir, lisk, all, what ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
PETTICOAT 
 
 195 
 
 PHYSIOLOGIST 
 
 Pet'ti-coat, n. A woman's 
 under garment. [lawyer. 
 
 Pet'ti-fog^ger, n. A petty 
 
 Pet'ti-fog^ger-y, n. Mean 
 business of a lawyer. 
 
 Pet'tish, a. Fretful ; peevish. 
 
 Pct'ti-t6e§, n. pL The toes 
 or feet of a pig. 
 
 Pot'ty.a. Small; trifling. 
 
 Pot'u-lange, n. Peevishness. 
 
 Pot'u-lant, a. Peevish ; fret- 
 ful ; irritable. 
 
 Pew (pa), n. An inclosed seat 
 in a church. 
 
 Pe'wit, n. A bird. 
 
 Pew'ter, n. A compound of 
 tin and lead. 
 
 Pha,'e-tcn, n. An open four- 
 wheeled carriage. 
 
 Ph3,l'anx, n. A compact 
 body of soldiers. 
 
 Phai'an-stsr/y, n. The resi- 
 dence or the common stock 
 of a community of Fourier- 
 ites ; the community itself. 
 
 Ph^n'tasm, n. Mental image 
 of a real or of an imaginary 
 object ; an optical illusion. 
 
 Phan-tas'ma-go'ri-a, 71. Il- 
 lusive images. 
 
 Phan'tom, n. An apparition. 
 
 Phar/a-sa.'i€, la. Like the 
 
 Phar^a-sa'i^-al, j Pharisees ; 
 formal. [in religion. 
 
 Phar'i-sa-ism, n. Hypocrisy 
 
 Phar^i-seefvi. One of a Jew- 
 ish sect strict in the exter- 
 nals of religion. 
 
 Phiir^ma-geu'ti-c, a. Pertain- 
 ing to pharmacy. 
 
 Ph:ir'nia-gy, n. Preparation 
 of medicines. 
 
 Pha'rcs, n. A light-house. 
 
 Phar'ynx, n. Cavity above 
 the windpipe, and into which 
 the nose and mouth open. 
 
 Phase {S),n. Appearance. 
 
 Phcas'ant, n. A gallina- 
 ceous bird found wild ia 
 Europe. 
 
 Phe''nix, n. A fabulous bird, 
 thought to cxi?fc single, and 
 to rise again from its own 
 ashes. 
 
 Phe^nom'e-non, n. {pi. Phe- 
 nom'c-na.) An appearance ; 
 any thing remarkable. 
 
 PhPal, n. A glass vessel. 
 
 I Phn/an-thr6p'i<;, ) a. 
 
 PhiPan-thiop'i€-al, ) Hav- 
 ing good will to mankind. 
 
 Phi-lan'thro-pist, n. A per- 
 ^fon of general benevolence. 
 
 Phi-lan'thro-py, n. The love 
 of mankind at large. 
 
 Phi-lip'pi€, n. Any invective 
 discourse or declamation. 
 
 PhiPo-ldg'ic-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to philology. 
 
 Phi-I61'o-ger, I n . One versed 
 
 Phi-161'o-gist, j in philo.ogy. 
 
 Phi-161'o-gy, n. The study 
 of language, esp. in a phil- 
 osophical manner. [g^ile. 
 
 Phil'o-mel, n. The nightin- 
 
 Phi^lo-pro-gSn'i-tive-ness , 
 n. The love of offspring. 
 
 Phi-16s'o-pher, n. One skilled 
 in philosophy. 
 
 PhiPo-soph'i-c, \ a. Per- 
 
 PhiPo-s6pli'ic-al, j taining 
 or according to philosophy ; 
 rational ; cool. 
 
 Phil/o-s6ph'i€-aI-ly, adv. 
 According to philosophy. 
 
 Phi-los'o-phize, v. t. To rea- 
 son lilce a philosopher. 
 
 Phi-los'o-phy, n. Knowledge 
 of phenomena, as explained 
 by, and resolved into, causes 
 and reasons, powers and 
 laws. 
 
 Phil'ter, n. A potion to ex- 
 cite love. 
 
 Phiz. n. The face ; visage. 
 
 Phle-hot'o-mist, n. One who 
 lets blood with a lancet. 
 
 Phle-bot'o-my, n. Act or art 
 of opening a vein. 
 
 Phlegm ( ilem ) , n. Cold ani- 
 mal fluid ; mucus ; sluggish- 
 ness ; coldness ; dullness. 
 
 Phleg-mat'i-e, a. Abounding 
 with phlegm ; cold ; dull. 
 
 PhcE'nix, n. See Fhenix. 
 
 Pho-net'i-e, a. Relating to 
 the representation of sounds 
 by characters. 
 
 Pho-n6t'i€S, n. sin^. Science 
 of the sounds of the human 
 voice ; phonology. 
 
 Pho-n6g'ra-phy, n. A rep- 
 resentation of sounds, each 
 by its distinctive character, 
 
 Pho-nol'o-gy, n. The science 
 of vocal elementary sounds. 
 
 Phds^pho-rds'geriQC, n. A 
 faint light without heat. 
 
 Phds^pho-res'geiit, a. Shin- 
 ing without heat. 
 
 Phos-ph6r'i-c, a. Obtained 
 from pliosphorus. 
 
 Phos'pho-rus, n. A com- 
 bu.stible substance exhibit- 
 ing a faint light in the 
 dark. 
 
 Pho'to-gr^ph, n. A picture 
 obtained by the action of 
 lighten chemically prepared 
 surfaces. 
 Pho-t6g'ra-phy, n. Art of 
 producingi)ictureson chem- 
 ically jireparcd paper by the 
 agency of light. 
 Phrase, n. A sentence ; mode 
 of speech ; f tyle ; diction. 
 — r. t. To name or f tyle. 
 Phra/sc-ol'o-gy, n. Manner 
 
 of expression. 
 Phre-nol'c-gist, n. One 
 
 versed in phrenology. 
 Phre-n61'o-gy, n. Science of 
 the special functions of the 
 parts of the brain. 
 Phren'55'', n. Madness. 
 Phthi§'i€ (tiz^ik), «. Habit- 
 ual difficulty of breathing, 
 Phthis'i€-al (tiz/ik-), a. 
 
 Breathing hard, 
 Phthi'sis (thPsis), n. A con- 
 sumption of the lungs, 
 Phy-la-c'ter-y, n. A parch- 
 ment with a passagQ of 
 Scripture written on it. 
 Phys'i-e (5), n. The art of 
 healing ; medicine, — v. t. 
 To evacuate the bowels of. 
 Phys'ic-al, a. Pertaining to 
 nature ; external ; corporeal. 
 Phy-si'cian (-zTsh/an), n. 
 One who practices pha sic ; 
 a doctor of medicine. 
 Phys'ics, n. sing. Srience of 
 
 nature or natural objects. 
 Phys^i-6g'nc-inist, n. One 
 
 skilled in physiognomy. 
 Phys'i-6g/no-my, n. The art 
 of discerning the character 
 of the m.ind from the face. 
 Phys^i-o-Idg'i-e, ) a. Per- 
 PhyS''i-o-I6^'i-e-al, j taining 
 
 to physiology. 
 Phys/i-61'o-gist, n. One who 
 is versed in physiology. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, W9lf, toD, to^ok ; dm, rjje, pnll ; 9, soft; -e, g, hard; as ; exist ; Q as ng ; laiis. 
 
PHYSIOLOGY 
 
 Phys'i-ai'o-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence of living beings. 
 
 Pi-a/no-f5rae, n. A musical 
 keyed instrument. [walk. 
 
 Pi-az'za (18), n. A covered 
 
 Pi'-ea, n. A printing type of 
 which"] 
 
 there are piCa and 
 two sizes, y 11 • 
 called re- I SlTLail piCa. 
 spectively J 
 
 Pick, V. t. To choose ; to 
 gather ; to open. — n. A 
 sharp- pointed tool. 
 
 Pick'^x, In. An ax that 
 
 Pick'axe, 1 has a point. 
 
 Pick'ed, a. Pointed ; sharp. 
 
 Pick'et, n. A sharpened 
 stake ; a guard in front of an 
 army. — v.t. To fortify with 
 pickets ; to fasten to a picket. 
 
 Pick'le (plk'l), n. Brine; 
 thing pickled, —v.t. To 
 preserve in brine. 
 
 Pick'p6ck-et, n. One who 
 steals from another's pocket. 
 
 Pi-e'ni-e. n. A pleasure party 
 in which each one furnishes 
 refreshment. 
 Pi€-t5'ri-al.a. Pertaining to, 
 
 or illustrated by, pictures. 
 Pi-et'ure, n. A likeness m 
 colors ; any kind of drawing. 
 — v. To draw or paint a 
 resemblance of ; to repre- 
 sent. 
 
 Pi-et'ur-esque', a. Fitted to 
 
 form a pleasing picture. 
 Pie, n. Paste baked with 
 something in it, or under it. 
 Pie'hald,a. Of various colors. 
 PieQe,* n. A part ; a patch ; 
 a fragment. — v. t. To 
 mend by the addition of a 
 piece ; to patch. 
 PieQe'meal, a. Single.— adu. 
 
 In or by pieces or parts. 
 Pied (pTd), a. Party-colored. 
 Pier, n. Support of an arch ; a 
 
 mound ; a mole. 
 Pier'-glass, n. A glass be- 
 tween windows. 
 Pierge, v. t. To penetrate. 
 Pierg'ing, a. Keen ; sharp. 
 Pi'e-ti§m, n. Strict devotion. 
 Pi'e-ty, n. Veneration with 
 
 love of God ; filial duty. 
 Pig, n. A young swine ; mass 
 
 196 
 
 of metal, as extracted from 
 the ore. — t'. i. To bring 
 forth pigs ; to lie together 
 Uke pigs. 
 Pig'eon (pij^un), n. A bird 
 
 of several species. 
 Pig'eon-hole (pij/un-), n. A 
 little compartment for pa- 
 pers. 
 
 Pig'ment, n. A colored sub- 
 stance for painting ; paint. 
 Pig'my, n. See'Pygmij. 
 Pike, n. A lance ; a spear ; a 
 
 kind of fresh-water fish. 
 Pik'ed, a. Ending in a point. 
 Pi-las'ter, n. A 
 
 square column. 
 PiFchard, n. A 
 fish resembling 
 the herring. 
 
 Pile, n. A heap ; |!ig 
 
 an edifice ; a piece 
 of timber driven Pilaster. 
 
 To 
 
 into ground. — v. t 
 heap ; to accumulate. 
 Pile§, n.pl. A disease. 
 Pil'fer, V. t. To steal in a 
 
 petty way ; to filch. 
 Pil'grim, n. A traveler to 
 
 holy places ; a wanderer. 
 Pil'grim-age, n. A journey 
 
 to a place deemed sacred. 
 Pill (1), w. A medicine in 
 
 form of a small ball. 
 Pil'lage, n. That which is 
 taken by open force. — Syn. 
 Plunder; spoil.— u. t. To 
 plunder ; to strip. 
 Pil'lar, n. A column ; a pier ; 
 a prop. 
 
 PilPion, n. A cushion at- 
 tached to the hinder part of 
 a saddle for riding on. 
 Pil'lo-ry, n. A frame to con- 
 fine criminals by the head 
 and hands. 
 PiPlow, n. A cushion for the 
 head. — v. t. To rest on a 
 pillow. 
 
 PiP16w-€ase, n. A cloth 
 
 cover for a pillar. 
 Pi'lot, n. One who steers a 
 ship; a guide. — v. t. To 
 steer ; to guide. 
 Pi'lot-age, w. The pay or 
 ofTico of a pilot. [curer. 
 Pimp, n. A pander ; a pro- 
 Pim'per-nel, n. A plant. 
 
 PIPPIN 
 
 Pim'ple, n. A small pointed 
 
 elevation on the skin. 
 Pim'pled, a. Having pimples 
 
 on the skin. 
 Pin, n. A pointed instrument 
 for fastening clothes, &c. — 
 v.t. (1) To fasten with a pin. . 
 Pm'a-foreS n. A kind of 
 
 apron ; a tire. 
 Pinch, V. t. To squeeze, as 
 with the ends of the fingers. 
 — n. A squeezing or gripe. 
 Pinch'beck, n. A yellow 
 mixture of copper and zinc. 
 Pin'Qer§, I n. pi. A tool for 
 Pinch'er§. j drawing nails. 
 Pin'€ush-ion, n. A small 
 
 cushion for pins. 
 Pine, n. An evergreen tree 
 or its wood. — v. i. To 
 languish. 
 Pine'-ap/ple, n. A fruit 
 which resembles the cone of 
 a pine-tree. 
 Pin'-featii/er, n. A small 
 
 or short feather. 
 Pin'fold, n. A place in which 
 
 to confine beasts. 
 Pin'ion (-yun), n. A quill ; a 
 wing ; tooth of a wheel ; 
 shackles. —r. To bind 
 the wings or arms of. 
 Pink, n. A flower ; a small 
 , eye ; a reddish color. — v. t. 
 1 To work with eyelet-holes. 
 Pin'-mon/ey, n. A wife's 
 pocket-money. [a boat. 
 Pin'naQe, n. A small vessel ; 
 Pin'na-€le, n. A turret ; sum- 
 mit ; a high point. [giUs. 
 Pint, n. Half a quart ; four 
 Pin'tle,n. A little pin ; along 
 iron bolt. [pines. 
 Pin'y, a. Abounding with 
 Pi/Q-neer', n. One who goes 
 before to clear the way ; a 
 first settler. [a peony. 
 
 Pi'o-ny , n. A perennial plant ; 
 j Pi'oiis, a. Religious ; godly. 
 
 Pip, V. To chirp, —n. The 
 j seed of an apple, orange, 
 I &c. ; a disease of fowls. 
 Pipe, n. A tube, especially 
 I one for smoking ; a cask. — 
 ! o. To play on a pipe, 
 j Pip'kin, n. A small earthen 
 : boiler. [ple- 
 i Pip 'pin, n. A species of ap- 
 
 ^,I,o,u,y,i<.ng, iS,5,I,o,B,y,^Aor« ; care, car. aak, ftU, whjt ; Sre, vfiil, Krm ; pVque. Hrm, 
 
PIQUANCY 
 
 197 
 
 PLASTICITY 
 
 T»iq'uan-Qy (-an-), n. Sharp- 
 ness ; severity. 
 
 Piq'uant (pilc'ant), a. Prick- 
 ing ; pungent ; severe ; tart. 
 
 Pique (peek), n. A feeling of 
 resentment. — Sy n. Spite ; 
 grudge. — v.t. To irritate ; 
 to nottlo ; to stimulate. 
 
 Pi-qiist' (-ket/), n. A game at 
 cards. 
 
 PI'ra-Qy, n. Robbery on the 
 seas •, literary theft. 
 
 Pi'rate, n. One who robs 
 on the seas. — v. t. To pub- 
 lish without permission, as 
 books or writings. 
 
 Pi-rat'i€-al, n. Practicing 
 robbery on the sea. 
 
 Pis^^a-to'ri-al, I a. Relating 
 
 Pis'-ca-to-ry, j to fishing 
 or fishes. [contempt. 
 
 Pish, interj. expressive of 
 
 Pis 'mire, n. The ant. 
 
 Pis-ta'5hi5, n. Nut of a kind 
 of turpentine-tree. [coin, 
 
 Pis'ta-reen', n. A small silver 
 
 Pis'til, n. An organ in a flow- 
 er, inclosing the seed. 
 
 Pis'tol, n. The smallest of 
 fire-arms. 
 
 Pis-tole', n. A gold coin of 
 Spain, worth about $3.60. 
 
 Pis'ton, n. A short solid 
 cylinder fitted to a hollow 
 one within which it moves. 
 
 Pit, n. A deep hole ; the stone 
 of certain fruits. — v. t. To 
 sink in hollows. 
 
 Pitch, n. A black, sticky sub- 
 stance obt;\ined from tar ; 
 point ; descent ; degree of 
 elevation of the voice, of an 
 instrument, &c. — v. t. To 
 smear with pitch ; to fix 
 firmly ; to toss ; to set the 
 tone of. — V. i. To rise and 
 fall, as a ship on the waves. 
 
 Pitch'er, n. A vessel with a 
 spout. [throw hay, &c. 
 
 Pitch'fork, n. A fork to 
 
 Pitch'-pipe, n. An instru- 
 ment to give the key-note. 
 
 Pitch'y, a. Like pitch ; 
 sticky ; black ; dismal. 
 
 Pit'e-ous, a. Capable of ex- 
 citing pity ; sorrowful. 
 
 Pit'fall, n. A pit slightly 
 covered, as a' trap. 
 
 Pith, w. The soft substance 
 in plants ; strength or force. 
 
 Pith'y,a. Consisting of pith ; 
 energetic ; forcible. [pity. 
 
 Pit'i-a-ble, a. Deserving 
 
 Pit'i-ful (13), a. Compassion- 
 ate; base ; mean ; paltry. 
 
 Pit'i-ful-ly, adv. In a pitiful 
 manner ; contemptibl3^ 
 
 Pit'l-less, a. Void of pity. 
 
 Pit'man (21), n. One who 
 works in a pit. 
 
 Pit 'saw, n. A large saw to be 
 used by two men. 
 
 Pit'tange, n. A small allow- 
 ance ; a mere trifle. 
 
 Pi-tu'i-tous, I a. Consisting 
 
 Pi-tu'i-ta-ry, ) of mucus. 
 
 Pit'y, n. Sympathy for an- 
 other's distresses. — Syn. 
 Sympathy ; compassion. — 
 V. t. To have sympathy for. 
 
 Piv'ot, n. A pin on which 
 any thing turns. 
 
 Pla/€a-bil'i-ty, n. Willing- 
 ness to forgive. [give. 
 
 Pla'€a-ble, a. Willing to for- 
 
 Pla-€ard', n. A printed paper 
 posted in a public place. — 
 V. t. To notify publicly. 
 
 Plage, n. A portion of space ; 
 locality ; rank ; office ; 
 room ; residence. — v. t. 
 To fix ; to locate ; to settle. 
 
 Plage'man (21), n. One hold- 
 ing an office under govern- 
 ment. 
 
 PlaQ'id, a. ' Pleased ; con- 
 tented ; calm ; quiet ; mild. 
 
 Pla-Qid'i-ty, ^ n. Calmness ; 
 
 Plag'id-ness, j mildness ; un- 
 rufiied state, [theft ; piracy. 
 
 Pla'gia-ri§in, n. Literary 
 
 Pla'gia-rist, in. One who 
 
 Pla'^ia-ry, ) purloins the 
 writings of another. 
 
 Pla'^ia-rize, v. t. To be 
 guilty of literary theft. 
 
 Plague, n. A contagious dis- 
 ease; vexation. — v. t. To 
 trouble ; to vex. 
 
 Plagu'y (plag/y), a. Vexa- 
 tjous. [flounder. 
 
 Plaige, n. A fish allied to the 
 
 Plaid, n. A variegated stuff. 
 
 Plain, a. Flat ; level ; frank ; 
 clear ; evident ; homely. — 
 n. A level ground. 
 
 Plain'ly, adv. In a plain 
 manner ; sincerely ; clearly. 
 
 Plain'ness, w. State of being 
 plain. [entation. 
 
 Plaint, n. A complaint; 1am- 
 
 Plaint'iff, n. One who com- 
 mences a lawsuit. 
 
 Plaint'ive, a. Mournful. 
 
 Plait, n. A fold, as of cloth. 
 
 — V. t. To fold; to braid. 
 P13,n, n. Any thing devised ; 
 
 a scheme ; model. — v. t. 
 (7) To scheme ; to contrive 
 in thought ; to devise. 
 
 Plane, n. A level surface ; a 
 joiner's tool. — v. t. To 
 smooth with a plane. 
 
 Plan'et, n. A celestial body 
 revolving about another. 
 
 Plan'et-a-ry, a. Pertaining 
 to, or consisting of, planets. 
 
 Plane'-tree, 7i. An oriental 
 tree ; also, a North Ameri- 
 can tree, often called i'wi/on- 
 wnod. [smooth. 
 
 Plan'ish, v. t. To make 
 
 Plank, n. A piece of sawed 
 timber thicker than a board. 
 
 — V. t. To cover with planks. 
 Plant, n. An organic body 
 
 without sensation or volun- 
 tary motion ; any vegetable 
 production. — v. t. To set 
 in the earth ; to settle. 
 
 Plant'ain, n. A West India 
 tree and its fruit ; an herb. 
 
 Plan-ta'tion, n. A place 
 planted with trees ; a colony 
 a largvi cultivated estate. 
 
 Plant 'er, n. The owner of a 
 plantation. 
 
 Plan'ti-grade, n. An animal 
 that walks on the sole of 
 the foot, as the bear. 
 
 Plash, n. A puddle of water. 
 
 — V. t. To dash, as water ; 
 to splash. 
 
 Plas'ter, n. A composition of 
 lime, sand, and water ; an 
 adhesive salve. — v. t. (8) 
 To cover with plaster. 
 
 Plas'ter-ing, n. A covering 
 of plaster ; plaster-work. 
 
 Plas'ti-e, a. Giving form ; ca- 
 pable of being formed, mold- 
 ed, or modeled. 
 
 Pl^s-tiQ'i-ty,w. Quahty of be- 
 ing plastic. 
 
 i6n, or, dQ, wglf, tcTo, tdbk ; firn, rjje, pi^ill ; p, soft ; c, g, hard ; ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
PLAT 
 
 Plat, V. t. To interweave. — ' 
 
 n. A level piece of ground. 
 Plate, n. A flat piece of metal ; 
 wrought silver ; a shallow 
 vessel ; a casting from type. 
 — V. t. To coat with metal. 
 Plat'ed, p. a. Overlaid with 
 
 another metal,_esp. silver. 
 Pla-teau' (pla-to^, 18), n. A 
 flat, broad, and elevated 
 area of land. [fill a plate. 
 Plate'ful (26), n. Enough to 
 Plat'eri, n. The flat part of a 
 
 printing-press. 
 Plat'form, n. Floor of boards 
 or planks ; a terrace ; a dec- 
 laration of principles. 
 Plat'i-num, or Pla-ti'num, 
 n. A very heavy metal re- 
 sembling silver. 
 Plat'i-tiide, n. Insipidity ; a 
 
 weak or empty remark. 
 Pla-t6n'i€, a. Relating to 
 Plato ; intellectually refined. 
 Pla'to-nism, n. The philos- 
 ophy of^Plato. [Plato. 
 Pla'to-nist, n. A follower of 
 Pla-tobn', n. Half of a com- 
 pany of soldiers, [dish. 
 Plat'ter, n. A broad shallow 
 Plau'dit, n. Expression of 
 applause ; praise bestowed. 
 Plau/§i-bil'i-ty, n. Specious- 
 
 riess ; appearance of right. 
 Plau'§i-ble, a. Superficially 
 pleasing; apparently right. 
 — Syn, Specious. [show. 
 Plau'si-bly, adv. With fair 
 Play,"v. i. To sport ; to con- 
 tend in a game ; to act. — 
 V. t. To put in action ; to 
 perform.— w. Sport; rec- 
 reation ; game ; a drama. 
 Play '-bill, n. Advertisement 
 
 of a play. 
 Play'er, n. One who plays. 
 Play'fel-low, n. A companion 
 
 in play. 
 Play'ful, a. Given to, or full 
 
 of, play ; sportive. 
 Play'-house, n. A theater. 
 Play'mate, n. A playfellow. 
 Play'thing, n. A toy. 
 Plea (18), n. What is ad- 
 vanced in support of a 
 cause ; an excuse. 
 Plead, V, i. To urge ; to sup- 
 plicate earnestly ; to argue. 
 
 198 
 
 Plead'lng, n. Allegation. 
 Pleas'ant, a. Giving pleas- 
 ure^; pleasing; gratifying; 
 delightful ; gay. 
 Plea§'ant-ry, ?». Cheerful- 
 ness ; sprightly talk ; liveli- 
 ness ; gayety ; merriment. 
 Please, v. t. To give pleas- 
 ure*; to make glad. — v. i. 
 To choose ; to like. 
 Pleas'ing, a. Giving pleasure. 
 Pleas'ur-a-ble(plezh/ur-), a. 
 
 Giving pleasure ; pleasing. 
 Pleas'ure (plezh'ur),*!. Grat- 
 ification; delight. 
 Ple-be'ian (-b^'yan), a. Yul- 
 gar ; common. — n. One of 
 the common people. 
 Pledge, n. A pawn; deposit 
 given as a security. — v. t. 
 To give as security. [lint. 
 Pledg'et, n. A small tent of 
 Pie'ia-de§ (-ya-), I n. pi. A 
 Ple'iadg (-yadz), j cluster of 
 seven stars in the constella- 
 tion Taurus. 
 Ple'na-ry, a. Full ; complete. 
 Ple-nip'o-tenge, n. I'ullness 
 of power. [power. 
 Ple-nip'o-tent, a. Of full 
 Plen/i-po-ten'ti-a-ry (-shi- 
 a-), n. One having full pow- 
 er to transact any business ; 
 an envoy. 
 PlSn'i-tude, n. Fullness. 
 Plen'te-ous, a. Abundant. 
 Plen'ti-ful, «• Affording am- 
 ple supply ; copious. 
 Plen'ty, n. Adequate supply ; 
 
 abundance. [of words. 
 
 Ple'o-nasm, n. Redundancy 
 Ple/o-nas'ti€, a. Redundant. 
 Pleth'o-ra, n. Fullness or 
 excess of blood ; repletion ; 
 over fullness of any kind. 
 Ple-th6r'i€, or Pleth'o-ric, 
 a. Having a full habit of 
 body ; evincing plethora. 
 Pleu'ra, n. Membrane that 
 covers the inside of the tho- 
 rax, and invests the lungs. 
 Pleu'ri-sy, n. Inflammation 
 
 of the pleura. 
 Pleu'ro-pneii-in5'ni-a (-nil-) 
 n. Inflammatory disease of 
 the pleura and lungs. 
 Plex'i-form, a. Like net- 
 work ; complicated. 
 
 PLUME 
 
 PlFa-bil'i-ty, n. The quality 
 
 of yielding ; flexibleness. 
 Pli'a-ble, a. Easily yielding 
 
 to pressure ; flexible. 
 Pii'an-Qy, n. Easiness to be 
 bent ; flexibility. [bent. 
 Pli'ant, a. Flexible ; easily 
 Pii'ers, n. pi. An instrument 
 
 to bend small things. 
 Plight (plTt), f. t. To pledge, 
 as the hand, faith, or hon- 
 or. — n. Pledge ; security ; 
 gage ; condition ; state. 
 Plinth, n. The square mem- 
 ber at the base of a column. 
 Plod, V. i. To travel steadily 
 and laboriously ; to drudge. 
 P16t, n. A stratagem ; a con- 
 spiracy ; a scheme ; a plot. 
 — V. t. To plan ; to project. 
 Plot'ter, n. One who plots ; a 
 schemer. [aquatic bird. 
 Plov'er (pluv'er), r». An 
 Plow, i n. An instrument 
 Plough, ) to turn and break 
 the soil. — r. t. To trench 
 and turn up, as the ground. 
 Plowman I (21), n. One 
 Plough'man I who plows, 
 
 or holds a plow. 
 Plowshare, \n. The iron 
 Plough'share, ) of a plow. 
 Pluck,- V. t. To pull with 
 suddien force ; to snatch. — 
 n. The heart, liver, and 
 lights of an animal ; spirit ; 
 courage ; perseverance. 
 Pliig, n. Stopper of a hole 
 in a vessel or cask. — v. t. 
 To stop with a plug. 
 Plum, n. A tree and its fruit ; 
 
 £100,000. [of a bird. 
 
 Plu'mage (11), n. Feathers 
 Plumb (pltim), n. A leaden 
 weight on a line. — a. Per- 
 pendicular. —f. Toad- 
 just by a plumb line. 
 Plum-ba'go, n. A mineral 
 consisting of carbon ; black 
 lead. [who works in lead. 
 Pliimb'er (plumper), n. Ono 
 Plumb'-lme (plum'-), n. A 
 line pt^rpendicular to the 
 horizon : a plummet. 
 Pliim'-€ake, n. Cake con. 
 
 taiiiing raisins, &c. 
 Plume, n. A feather; token 
 of honor; pride. — r. t. To 
 
 a.5.L6,u.y,Zon^/5, t , 6, short; ci^ar. &Bk, all.wh^jJTire, veil, term ; pTque, ilrm 
 
PLUMMET 
 
 199 
 
 POLL 
 
 adjust the feathers of; to 
 pride ; to value. 
 
 Plum'met, n. A piece of lead 
 attached to a hue for sound- 
 ing the depth of water, &c. 
 
 Piump, a. Fat ; sleek ; full ; 
 round. — v. t. To ffitten ; 
 to swell. — adv. At once, or 
 witli a sudden fall. 
 
 Plump'ly, adv. Fully ; with- 
 out reserve. 
 
 Plump'ness, n. Fatness ; full- 
 ness of skin ; distention. 
 
 Plum'-pud/ding, n. A pud- 
 ding with raisins or cur- 
 rants in it. 
 
 Plun'der, v. t. To take by 
 pillage or open force. — Syn. 
 To pillage ; sack ; rifle. — n. 
 Splil taken by open force. 
 
 Plunge, V. t. To put sud- 
 denly into water; to im- 
 merse in a fluid. — v. i. To 
 dive. — n. Act of plunging. 
 
 Plu'ral, a. Consisting of, or 
 expressing, more than one. 
 
 Plu'ral-iSt, n. A clergyman 
 who holds several benefices. 
 
 Plu-rai'i-ty, n. A number 
 greater than any other, but 
 less than half the aggre- 
 gate. 
 
 Plu'ral-ly, adv. In a sense 
 that implies more than one. 
 
 Plus, this sign 4-, noting ad- 
 dition. 
 
 Plush, n. A shaggy cloth. 
 
 Plu'vi-al, «. Rainy ; wet. 
 
 Ply, V. t. or i. [imp. and p. p. 
 PLIED ] To work at closely. 
 
 Pneu-mat'i€ (nu-), a. Con- 
 sisting of air. 
 
 Pneu-in3,t'i€S (nu-), n. sing. 
 Science that treats of the 
 mechanical properties of air 
 and other elastic fluids. 
 
 Pneu'ma-t61'o-gy (nu'-), w. 
 The doctrine of, or a treatise 
 on, spiritual existences. 
 
 Pneu-mo'ni-a (nu-), ?i. In- 
 flammation of the lungs. 
 
 Pneu-m6n'i€ (nu-), a. Per- 
 taining to the lungs. 
 
 Pneu^mo-m'tis (nu/-), n. In- 
 flammation of the lungs. 
 
 Poach, V. t. To boil slightly ; 
 to steal, as game. — v. i. To 
 steal or pocket game. 
 
 Poach'er, n. One who poach- 
 es ; a stealer of game. 
 
 Pock (5), n. A pustule on 
 the skin in small pox, &c. 
 
 Pock'et, n. A small bag or 
 pouch. — V. t. To put in 
 the pocket. 
 
 Pock'et-bobk, n. A book to 
 be carried in the pocket. 
 
 Pock'y, a. Full of pocks or 
 pustules. 
 
 P6d, n. Capsule ; seed-case. 
 
 — V. i. To grow, as pods. 
 Po'em, n. A composition in 
 
 verse. [ems. 
 
 Po'e-sy, n. Art of writing po- 
 
 Po'et, n. One who writes po- 
 etry ; a bard. 
 
 Po'et-as^er, n. A pitiful 
 versifier ; a rhymester. 
 
 P5'ct-ess, n. A female poet. 
 
 Po-et'i€, I a. Pertaining 
 
 Po-et'i€-al, j to poetry. 
 
 Po'et Lau're-ate. A poet 
 whose office is to compose 
 poems for the birthdays of 
 a prince, or other special oc- 
 casions. 
 
 P5'et-ry, n. Imaginative com- 
 position, usually in verse. 
 
 Poh, interj. An exclamation 
 of contempt or disgust. 
 
 Poign'an-Qy (poin^-), n. 
 Sharpness ; point. 
 
 Poign'ant (poin^-), a. Sharp ; 
 satirical ; severe ; painful. 
 
 Point, n. A sharp end ; a stop ; 
 a cape ; object ; end ; aim. — 
 V. t. To sharpen ; to aim ; 
 to divide by stops. — v. i. 
 To direct the finger toward 
 an object ; to aim. 
 
 Point'-blank, adv. Directly. 
 
 Point'ed, a. Keen ; satirical. 
 
 Point'er, n. An index ; a 
 variety of dog. [point. 
 
 Point'less, a. Having no 
 
 Poise, n. Weight; balance. 
 
 — V. t. To balance for 
 weighing. 
 
 Poi'son ( poi'zn), n. Any thing 
 infectious or malignant. — 
 Syn. Venom. — v. t. To 
 infect with poison. 
 Poi'son-ous, a. Having the 
 qualities of poison. 
 I Poke, n. A pocket ; a sack ; 
 I a push ; a machine to check 
 
 unruly beasts from leaping 
 fences. — v. t. To put a 
 y)oke on ; to thrust against. 
 
 Pok'er, n. An iron bar for 
 stirring a fire. 
 
 Po'lar, n. Pertaining to the 
 poles. [the pole. 
 
 Po-l^r'i-ty, n. Tendency to 
 
 Po'lar-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 polarizing ; polarity. 
 
 P5'lar-ize, v. t. To commu- 
 nicate polarity to. 
 
 Pole, n. Extremity of an 
 axis ; the sky ; a long, 
 slender piece of wood ; a rod 
 or perch. — v. t. To furnish 
 with poles ; to convey on 
 poles ; to push with poles. 
 
 Pole'-d,x, In. A hatchet 
 
 Pole'-axe, ) fixed on a pole. 
 
 Pole'cat, n. An ill-smelling 
 animal allied to the weasel. 
 
 Po-lem.'i€, n. A disputant. 
 
 Po-lem'i€, ) a. Controver- 
 
 Po-lein'i€-aI, j sial. 
 
 Pole'-star,n. A star vertical 
 to the i>ole of the earth. 
 
 Po-lige' (-leess/), w. Civil offi- 
 cers of a city organized to 
 preserve good order. 
 
 P61'i-Qy, n. Art or system of 
 government ; prudence ; 
 contract of insurance. 
 
 P61'ish, V. t. To make 
 smooth ; to refine in man- 
 ners. — n. Artificial gloss ; 
 elegance of manners. 
 
 Po-lite',a. Polished ; refined. 
 
 Po-lite'ness, n. Good breed- 
 ing ; courtesy. 
 
 Pol'i-ti-e, a. Wise ; prudent. 
 
 Po-lit'i€-al, a. Relating to 
 politics ; public. 
 
 Po-lit'i-e-al-ly, adv. With 
 reference to a state or to 
 poh tics. 
 
 PoPi-ti'cian (-tlsh/an), n. 
 One versed in politics. 
 
 P61'i-ti€S, «. sing. The sci- 
 ence of government. 
 
 P61'i-ty, n. Civil constitu- 
 tion ; fox-m of government. 
 
 Pol'ka, n. A kind of dance. 
 
 Poll, n. The head ; a regis- 
 ter of persons ; election. — • 
 V. t. To lop the tops of, as 
 trees ; to clip ; to register, as 
 the names of voters. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, wglf, ttTo, took ; flrn, ryo, p^ill ; f, ^, soft ; g, hard; as ; epst ; o as ng ; thi* 
 
POLLARD 
 
 200 
 
 PORT 
 
 P61'lard, n. A tree lopped. 
 
 Pdl'len, n. The fecundating 
 dust of plants. [cod kind. 
 
 POi'iock, n. A fish of the 
 
 Poll'-taX, n. A tax levied by 
 the poll or head. 
 
 Pol-lute', V. t. To make foul 
 or unclean. — Syn. To de- 
 file ; contaminate ; corrupt. 
 
 Pol-lu'tion, n. Defilement. 
 
 Pol-trdbn', n. An arrant 
 coward ; a dastard. 
 
 Pol-trdbn'er-y, n. Cowardice. 
 
 PoPy-an'thus, n. An orna- 
 mental plant. 
 
 Po-lyg'a-mist, n. One who 
 advocates polygamy. 
 
 Po-lyg'a-iny,n. Plurality of 
 wives at the same time. 
 
 P61'y-gI6t, n. A book con- 
 taining many languages. — 
 a. Pertaining to, or con 
 taining, several languages. 
 
 P61'y-g6n, n. A figure of 
 many angles and sides. 
 
 COO 
 
 Polygons. 
 
 Po-lJ'g'o-nal, a. Having 
 many angles. 
 
 P61'y-graph, n. An instru- 
 ment to multiply copies of 
 a writing with expedition. 
 
 P6Py-he'dron, n. A body 
 having many sides. 
 
 PdPy-no'mi-al, a. Contain- 
 ing many terms. 
 
 PdPyp, n. An aquatic ani- 
 mal of the radiate kind. 
 
 P61'y-pus, n. Something that 
 has many feet or roots ; a 
 tumor. 
 
 P6Fy-S€6pe,n. A glass that 
 makes a single object appear 
 as many. 
 
 P6Vy-syl-iab'i€, \ a. Hav- 
 
 P6Py-syl-13.b'i€-al, j ing 
 many syllables. 
 
 P6Py-syl'la-ble, n. A word 
 of more syllables than three. 
 
 P6Vy-te€h'ni€ (-tek'nik), a. 
 (Comprehending many arts. 
 
 PSPy-the'ism, n. The doc- 
 trine of a'plurality of gods. 
 
 P61'y-the''ist, n. One who be- 
 lieves in a plurality of gods. 
 
 P6I/y-the-ist'i-e, a. Pertain- 
 ing tt) polytheism. 
 Pom'aQe, n. Substance of 
 apples crushed. [meut. 
 Po-made', n. Perfumed oint- 
 Po-ma'tum, n. An unguent 
 
 for the hair. 
 Pome-gran'ate, n. A tree 
 
 and its fruit. 
 Pom'mel (piim/-),w. A knob 
 or ball ; a protuberance. — 
 V. t. (8) To beat ; to thump. 
 Pom-mel'ion (-meel^yun), n. 
 
 The knob of a cannon. 
 Po-m61'o-gist, n. One inter- 
 ested in pomology. 
 Po-mol'o-gy, n. The art of 
 raising fruit. [rade. 
 Pomp, n. Ostentation ; pa- 
 Pom-p6s'i-ty, n. Ostenta- 
 tion ; exterior show ; parade. 
 PSmp'ous, a. Showy with 
 
 grandeur ; ostentatious. 
 P6nd, n. A body of fresh 
 
 standing water. 
 PSn'der, v. t. To think upon 
 deliberately. — Syn. To 
 consider; muse; weigh. 
 P6n'der-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being weighed. [gravity. 
 P6n/der-6s'i-t3'-, n. Weight ; 
 P6n'der-ous,a. Heavy ; mas- 
 sy, [of India silk. 
 Pon-gee', n. An inferior kind 
 Pdn'iard (-yard), n. A small 
 
 dagger. — v. i. To stab. 
 P6n'tiff , n. A high priest ; 
 
 the pope. 
 Pon-tif i€ ) (9), a. Belong- 
 Pon-tif'i-e-al j ing to a high- 
 priest, or to the pope. 
 Pon-tif i-e-al, n. A book of 
 rites and forms ; (pi.) the full 
 dress of a pontiff or bishop. 
 Pon-tif'i€-ate (9), w. Office or 
 
 reign of a pontiff. 
 Pon-tobn', n. A boat used by 
 
 armies for making bridges. 
 Pq^ny (19), n. A small horse. 
 Poo'dle, n. A lap-dog. 
 Pool, n. A small pond. 
 Poop, n. A deck above the 
 after-part of the spar-deck. 
 Poor, a. Needy; indigent; 
 necessitous ; lean ; meager ; 
 mean ; unfertile. 
 Pdbr'ly, a. Somewhat ill. — 
 adv. Without wealth ; with 
 
 poor success ; meanly ; with 
 out spirit. 
 
 Pop, n. A small , smart, quick 
 sound. — V. i. or t. To dart 
 suddenly ; to offer suddenly. 
 
 Pope, n. The head of the 
 Roman Catholic church. 
 
 Pope'dom, n. The dignity 
 or jurisdiction of the pope. 
 
 Pop'er-y, n. The lionian 
 Catholic religion. 
 
 Pdp'giin, n. A child's air- 
 gun for shooting pellets. 
 
 P6p'in-jay , n. A parrot : a fop. 
 
 Pop'lar, n. A genus of trees. 
 
 Pop'lin, n. A stuff of silk or 
 worsted of many varieties. 
 
 Pop'ish, a. Relating to the 
 pope ; papal. 
 
 Pop'py (l^*^)} ^ soporific 
 plant. [people. 
 
 Pop'u-lage, w. The common 
 
 Pop'u-lar, a. Pertaining to, 
 or pleasing to, the people ; 
 prevailing ; familiar, [favor. 
 
 Pop^u-lar'i-ty, n. Public 
 
 Pop'u-late, V. t. To furnish 
 with inhabitants ; to people. 
 
 Pop^u-la'tion, n. The whole 
 people, as of a country. 
 
 Pop'u-lous, a. Full of people. 
 
 Por'ge-lain, n. A fine translu- 
 cent species of earthen ware. 
 
 Porch, n. An entrance to a 
 building ; portico, [swine. 
 
 Por'gine, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Por'-cu-plne, n. A quadru- 
 ped armed with prickles. 
 
 Pore, n. An orifice in the skin. 
 — V. i. To look steadily. 
 
 Pork, n. The flesh of swine. 
 
 Pdrk'er, n. A young hog. 
 
 Po-r6s'i-ty, n. The quality 
 of having pores. 
 
 P5'roiis, rt. Having pores. 
 
 P6r'phy-ry, n. A hard mot- 
 tled kind of stone. 
 
 Por'poise (-pus), n. A fish 
 of the whale kind. 
 
 PSr'ridge, n. A mixture of 
 meal or flour and water 
 boiled ; vegetables boiled in 
 water, with or without meat. 
 
 P6r'rin-ger, n. A small metnl 
 vessel for warming liquids 
 in. 
 
 Port, n. A harbor ; a gate ; 
 carriage ; a wine. 
 
 a, 6, T, o, u, y, long ; S, 6, 1, 6, tt, ^ , short ; care, car, ask, allf wh^t ; ere, vgil, term ; pique, firm ,• 
 
PORTABLE 
 
 201 
 
 POTTLE 
 
 Port'a-ble, a. Capable of be- I 
 
 ing carried. 
 Port'age, n. Price of car- , 
 riage ; a carrying place. I 
 Port'al, n. An imposing gate 
 
 or entrance. 
 Pdrt-€ui'lis, n. A frame-work 
 of crossed timbers for ob- 
 structing a passage. 
 P5rte,H. The Ottoman court. 
 Porte'-mon-naie' (-mun- 
 naO, n. A small pocket-book 
 or wallet for carrying money. 
 Por-tend',t'. ^ To foretoken. 
 
 to foreshow ; to pressage. 
 Por-tent', n. An omen of ill. 
 Por-tent'ous, a. Foreshadow- 
 ing ill ; ominous. 
 Por'ter, w. A door-keeper ; 
 a carrier ; a kind of strong 
 beer, or malt liquor. 
 Port-fol'io (-VoMyo or -fo^li-oj, 
 n. 0^;.Port-f51'io§, -foFyoz 
 or -to/li-oz, 180 A portable 
 case for papers. 
 Port'-hole, n. An opening 
 
 in a ship's side for cannon. 
 Pdr^tl-co, n. {pi. P6r'ti-€6§, 
 18.) A covered space with 
 columns at the entrance of a 
 building. 
 Por'tion, v. t. To divide ; to 
 allot ; to endow. — n. Part 
 assigned ; allotment ; share 
 of an estate; a wife's fortune. 
 Port'li-ness, n. Dignity of 
 mien ; largeness of person. 
 Port'ly, a. Large and full ; of 
 
 noble appearance. 
 Port-man'teau (-mSn-'to), n. 
 
 A bag to carry clothes in. 
 Portrait, \n. A picture 
 Por'trait-iire, ) from life. 
 Por-tray', v. t. To pnint the 
 
 likeness of ; to describe. 
 P6r-tray'al, n. The act or 
 
 art of portraying. 
 Pose, V. t. To puzzle. 
 Pog'er, n. One who poses ; 
 
 that which puzzles. 
 Po-si'tion (-zish'un), n. Situ- 
 ation ; station ; posture ; 
 principle laid down. 
 Pos'i-tive, a. Certain ; real ; 
 
 absolute ; confident. 
 Pos'i-tive-ly, adv. Absolute- 
 ly ; really ; confidently. 
 Pos-sess' (pos-s^s'or poz-zes' ), 
 
 V. t. To have or hold as 
 one's own ; to own. 
 Pos-ses'sion (-sesh^un or 
 -zesh'un),n. The state of 
 owning ; the thing owned. 
 Pos-sess'ive (-ses'siv or-zes^- 
 siv),a. Denoting possession, i 
 Pos-sess'or (-ses^sor or -zes'- i 
 sor), n. One who holds or I 
 occupies. 1 
 Pds'set, n. Milk curdled with i 
 
 wine or other liquor. 
 P6s'si-bil'i-ty, n. The power I 
 of being or doing ; that , 
 which is possible. | 
 P6s'si-ble,a. Capable of being 
 or of being done. j 
 Pos'si-biy, adv. By any power 
 
 really existing. 
 Post, n. A messenger ; office ; 
 place ; a piece of timber. — 
 V. t. — To station ; to put in 
 the mail. — v. i. To carry 
 to a ledger. 
 Post'age, n. Money paid for 
 
 conveyance of letters. 
 Post'alJ a. Belonging to the 
 
 post-oflRce or mail service. 
 Post'-Qhai§e, n. A traveling 
 
 carriage. 
 Post'-date, v. t. To date 
 
 after the true time. 
 Pos-te'ri-or, a. Later in tim.e 
 
 or order ; subsequent. 
 Pos-te'ri-ors, n. pi. The 
 
 hinder parts of an animal. 
 Pos-ter'i-ty,n. Descendants. 
 Post'ern, n. A small back 
 
 gate, or private entrance. 
 Post'fix, n. A letter or syl- 
 lable added. 
 Pcst-fix', f. t. To annex at 
 the end. [possible. 
 Post'-haste, adv. As fast as 
 P6st'hu-mous, a. Born, pub- 
 lished, or continuing, after 
 one's decease. 
 Pos-til'ion (-yun), n. [Writ- 
 ten al~o postillion.] One 
 who rides and guides a horse 
 in a coach or post-chaise. 
 Post'man (21), w. A letter- 
 carrier. 
 
 Postmark, n. Stamp of a 
 I post-office on a letter, &c. 
 ; Post'mas-ter, n. One who 
 I superintends a post-oflfice. 
 P6st'-6f'fige, n. A place 
 
 where mail letters are re- 
 ceived and delivered. 
 Post-paid, a. Having the 
 
 postage paid in advance. 
 Post-pone', V. t. To put off; 
 
 to delay ; to defer. 
 Post-pone'ment, n. A put- 
 ting otF. 
 P5st'S€ript, n. Something 
 
 added to a writing. 
 Post'u-late, n. Any thing as- 
 sumed without proof — v. t. 
 To take for granted. 
 Post^u-la'tion, n. An as- 
 
 sumption without proof. 
 P6st'ure, n. Attitude; posi- 
 tion ; situation. 
 P6'§y (19), n. A motto on a 
 
 ring ; a nosegay. 
 Pot, n. A large deep vessel for 
 various uses. — v. t. To 
 preserve in pots. 
 Po'ta-ble, a. k\t to be drunk. 
 Pot'ash, n. An alkaline salt 
 
 from the ashes of plants. 
 Po-ta'tioii, n. A drinking; 
 
 an excessive draught. 
 Po-ta'to (18), n. A well- 
 known esculent root. 
 P5'ten-c;y, n. Relative power, 
 
 strength, or efficacy. 
 Po'tent, a. Having great 
 power or authority. — Syn. 
 Mighty ; puissant ; forcible ; 
 powc ful ; strong : efficient. 
 Po'tent-ate, n. A monarch. 
 Po-ten'tial, a. Existing in 
 
 possibility, not in act. 
 Po-ten'tial-ly, adv. In possi- 
 bility. 
 
 P6'tent-Iy, adv. Powerfully. 
 Pot'-hang'er, n. A hook to 
 
 hang pots on over the fire. 
 Poth'er , n . Confusion ; bustle. 
 Pot'-house, n. An ale-house. 
 Po'tion, n. A draught ; a 
 
 liquid medicine. 
 Pot'sherd, n. A piece of a 
 
 broken pot. 
 Pot'tage, n. Meat and vege- 
 tables boiled together till 
 soft ; a thick soup. 
 Pot'ter, w. One who makes 
 
 enrthen vessels. 
 P6t'ter-y. n. Wares of a pot- 
 ter, or place where they are 
 made. 
 
 P6t'tle, n. A measure of two 
 
 eOn, 6r,dQ, wglf, too, took; Qrn, rije, pi.ill; 9, ^\ soft; -e, g, hard; ; exist; q as ng; this. 
 
POUCH 
 
 202 
 
 PRECIPITOUSLY 
 
 quarts ; a small basket for 
 
 holding fruit. 
 Pouch, n. A small bag; a 
 
 pocket ; a purse. — v. t. To 
 
 pocket ; to save. 
 PouPter-er, n. One who 
 
 trades iti poultry. 
 Poul'tige (18), 71. A soothing 
 
 application for sores. — v. t. 
 
 To apply a poultice to. 
 Poul'try, n. Domestic fowls. 
 Pounge, n. The claw of a 
 
 bird ; a fine kind of powder. 
 
 — V. t. To sprinkle with 
 pounce ; to fall and seize. 
 
 Pound, n. Weiglit of 16 
 ounces avoirdupois, or 12 of 
 troy ; a pinfold ; 20 shillings. 
 
 — V. t. To beat ; to pulver- 
 ize ; to confine in a pen. 
 
 Pound'er, n. One who, or 
 tii;it which, pounds ; a thing 
 denominated from a certain 
 number of pounds. 
 
 Pour, V. t. To throw out in 
 a continuous stream. — v. i. 
 To issue ; to flow. 
 
 Pout, n. A sullen look ; a fish. 
 
 — V. i. To push out the lips 
 in sullenness. 
 
 P6v'er-ty,n, ^V■ant of riches ; 
 
 indigence ; penury. 
 Pow'der, n. A fine dust ; 
 
 composition for firing guns. 
 
 — V. t. To sprinkle with 
 powder ; to reduce to dast. 
 
 Pow'der-y, a. Easily crumb- 
 ling; dasty. 
 
 Pow'er, n. Faculty of doing ; 
 force ; strength ; influence ; 
 a state ; legal authority. 
 
 Pow'er-ful, a. Having pow- 
 er ; strong. [er ; weak. 
 
 Pow'er-less, a. Without pow- 
 
 Pow'er-ldbm, n. A loom 
 worked by some mechanical 
 power. 
 
 P6x, n. An eruptive disease. 
 
 Pra€'ti-ca-bn'i-ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of being practicable. 
 
 Pra€'ti-€a-ble,a. Capable of 
 being done. — Syn. Possible. 
 
 Pra,€'tl-eal, a. Relating to 
 practice ; capable of being 
 turned to use. 
 
 Prae'ti-eal-ly, adv. By use. 
 
 Pra€'tiQe,n. Customary use ; 
 habit; performance. — v. t. 
 
 (27) To do frequently or 
 habitually. 
 
 Pra-e-ti'tion-er (-tlslVun-), 
 n. One engaged in the prac- 
 tice of a profession. 
 
 Prag-mat'i€, I a. Very 
 
 Prag-mat'i-c-al, j forward in 
 acting ; officious. 
 
 Prai'rie, n. An extensive 
 tract of level grass land des- 
 titute of trees. 
 
 Praige, n. Commendation ; 
 object or ground of praise. — 
 V. t. To commend ; to ex- 
 tol ; to applaud. 
 
 Praige'wor-thy (-wGr-), a. 
 Commendable ; laudable. 
 
 Prange, v. i. To spring ; to 
 leap ; to bound. 
 
 Prank, To adorn. — n. 
 
 A frolic ; a trick. 
 
 Prate, v. i. To talk much 
 and foolishly. — n. Idle 
 talk ; unmeaning loquacity. 
 
 Prat'tle, n. Childish or idle 
 talk. — v.i. To talk much 
 and idly. 
 
 Prat'tler, n. One who prat- 
 tles, [ceous fish. 
 
 Prawn, n. A small crusta- 
 
 Pray, v. t. or i. To ask with 
 earnestness ; to supplicate. 
 
 Pray'er, n. One who prays. 
 
 Prayer (prar), n. A petition ; 
 a supplication. 
 
 Prayer '-bobk (prar/-), n. A 
 book containing forms of 
 prayers. 
 
 Prayer'ful (prar^-), a. Given 
 to prayer. 
 
 Preach, v. i. or t. To dis- 
 course publicly on a re- 
 ligious subject. 
 
 Preach'er, n. One who 
 preaches. 
 
 Pre'am-ble, n. An introduc- 
 tory writing ; something 
 previous ; a kind of preface. 
 
 Preb'end, n. A stipend in a 
 cathedral church. 
 
 Preb'end-a-ry, n. The sti- 
 pendiary of a cathedral. 
 
 Pre-€a'ri-ous, a. Held by a 
 doubtful tenure.— Syn. Un- 
 certain ; unsettled ; doubt- 
 ful ; dubious. 
 
 Pre-ea'ri-ous-ly, adv. Un- 
 certainly ; doubtfully. 
 
 Pre-<5au'tion, n. Previous 
 care. 
 
 Pre-eau'tion-al, ) a. With 
 
 Pre-eau'tion-a-ry, ) a view 
 to prevent mischief. 
 
 Pre-gede', v. t. To go before. 
 
 Pre-ged'enge, I n. A going 
 
 Pre-ged'en-gy, j before ; 
 priority of time ; superior 
 rank or influence. 
 
 Pre-ged'ent, a. Going before; 
 anterior ; antecedent. 
 
 Preg'e-dent, n. Something 
 done or said that serves as an 
 example. 
 
 Preg'e-dent-ed, a. Author- 
 ized by example. 
 
 Pre-ged'ing, p. a. Going be- 
 fore ; precedent. 
 
 Pre-gen'tor, n. Leader of a 
 cathedral choir. 
 
 Pre'gept, n. A command- 
 ment ; order ; rule ; direc- 
 tion ; instruction. [cepts. 
 
 Pre-gept'ive, a. Giving pre- 
 
 Pre-gSpt'or, n. A teacher. 
 
 Pre-gep'tress, n. A female 
 teacher. [going before. 
 
 Pre-ges'sion (-sesh^un), n. A 
 
 Pre'gin€t, n. An outward 
 limit"; a territorial district. 
 
 Pre'cious (presh^us), a. Of 
 great price or value ; costly. 
 
 Pre'cious-ly (presh^us-), adv. 
 In a precious or costly way ; 
 in great esteem. 
 
 Preg'i-pige, n. A steep de- 
 scent of land or rock. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tange, ) n. Great 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tan-gy, ) or rash 
 haste ; headlong hurry. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tant, a. Rushing 
 hastily or headlong. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tate, v. t. To throw 
 headlong ; to hasten ; to 
 cast to the bottom. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tate, a. Very hasty ; 
 headlong ; rash. — n. A sub- 
 stance in solution chemi- 
 cally separated from its solv- 
 ent, and thrown to tho 
 bottom of the vessel. 
 
 Pre-gip^i-ta'tion, n. Rash 
 haste; headlong hurr^. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tous, a. Very steep ; 
 headlong. 
 
 Pre-gip'i-tous-ly, adv. De- 
 scending rapidly. 
 
 a, e,T,o, u,y,Zon^,'a, e,!,5,ti, 
 
 y, shori ; cSre, car, ask, ftll, wh^t ; Ore, vgil, term ; pVque, firm ; 
 
rPvECISE 
 
 203 
 
 PREMEDITATED 
 
 Pre-c!se' a. Exact; over- Pred'i-<5ate, r. To affirm; 
 
 nice ; strict ; stiff. [ly. \ to assert to belong to some- 
 Pre-Cise'ly{10),a^/L'. Exact-! thing 
 Pre-Qi§'ian, n. One rigidly Pred'i-ea'tion 
 
 exact in observing rules. 
 Pre-Qig'ion (-sizh/un), n. Ex- 
 
 actness ; accuracy. 
 
 Pre-€lude', v. t. To prevent. 
 
 Pre-€lu'§ioii, n. Act of pre- 
 venting or shutting out. 
 
 Pre-eo'cious, a. Ripe prema- 
 turely ; too forward. 
 
 Pre-e6Q'i-ty, n. Premature \ Pre-dis/po-si'tion (-zTsh/un), 
 
 growth and ripeness. 
 Pre/<; n-geive', v. t. To con- 
 ceive beforehand. 
 Pre'-con-gep'tion, n. Pre- 
 vious conception or opinion. 
 Pre^-eon-gert', v. t. To con- 
 cert or plan beforehand. 
 Pre/€on-Qert'ed, a. Previous- 
 ly concerted or planned. 
 Prc-€6n'tra-et,n. A contract 
 
 previous to another. 
 Pre-€ur''sor, n. One who, or 
 that which, precedes 
 event.— Syn. Forerunner; 
 harbinger : omen ; sign. 
 Pre-da'ceous (-shus),a. Liv- 
 ing bv plunder. 
 Pred'a'-to-ry, a. Plundering. 
 PrSd'e-ges'sor, n. One who 
 
 has gone bej"ore. 
 Pre-d^s'ti-na'ri-an, n. One 
 who believes in predestina- 
 tion. — a. Pertaining to 
 predestination. 
 Pre-des'ti-nate, \v. t. To 
 Pre-des'tme, ) foreordain. 
 Pre-des^ti-na'tion, n. The 
 purpose of God from eterni- 
 ty respecting all events. 
 Pre^de-ter'mi-nate, a. De- 
 termined beforehand. 
 Pre^de-ter^min-a'tion, n. 
 
 Previous determination. 
 Pre''de-ter'mine, v. t. To 
 
 determine beforehand. 
 Pre'di-al, a. Pertaining to 
 
 land or farms. 
 Pr6d/i-ea-bil'i-ty, n. The 
 quality of being predicable. 
 Pr6d'i-ea-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being affirmed of. 
 Pre-di€'a-ment, n. Class ; 
 
 state; particular condition. 
 Pred'i-€ate, n. That which 
 is affirmed or denied. 
 
 Pref er-enge, n. Estimation 
 
 or choice above another. 
 Pre-fer'ment, n. Advance- 
 ment to office. 
 Pre-fig/u-ra'tion, n. Previ- 
 ous representation. 
 Pre-fig'u-ra-tive, a. Show- 
 ing by previous types. 
 Pre-fig'ure, v. t. To show by 
 a figure beforehand, [fore. 
 Pre-fix', V. t. To place be- 
 Pre'fix, n. A letter, syllable, 
 or word prefixed. 
 Previo'us propensity. Preg'nan-gy, n. St^te of 
 Pre-d6m'i-nanQe, ( n. As- being with young ; fertility. 
 Pre-dom'i-nan-gy, j cend- | Preg'nant, a. Being vith 
 
 ency ; superiority. | young ; fertile ; teeming. 
 
 Pre-dom'i-nant, a. Prevalent | Pre-hen'sile, a. Grasping ; 
 
 over others ; predominating. 1 adapted to grasp. 
 Pre-d6m'i-nate, v. i. To be [ Pre-hen'sion, n. A seizing, 
 superior ; to have controlling ' as witli the hand, 
 influence; to rule; to prevail. I Pre-judge', r. t. To judge 
 Pre-em'i-nenge, 71. Superi 
 
 Affirma- 
 tion concerning any thing. 
 Pre-di-ct', V. t. To foretell. 
 Pre-di€'tion, n. A prophecy. 
 Pre-di-et'ive, a. ForetelUng. 
 Pre'di-le^aion, n. A pre- 
 vious liking; partiality. 
 Pre'dis-pose', t\ t. To in- 
 cline or adapt previously. 
 
 Act of 
 
 before hearing. 
 Pre-judg'ment, 
 
 prejudging. 
 Prej'u-dige, n. Prejudgment; 
 unreasonable prepossession ; 
 bias ; injury . — v.t. To bias 
 unduly. 
 Prej'u-di'cial (-dish/al), a. 
 
 Likely to injure ; hurtfuli. 
 Prel'a-gy, w. Office of a prel- 
 ate ; government by pifel- 
 
 ates. 
 
 ority to others in place or 
 rank. [ing others, 
 
 an 1 Pre-em'i-nent, a. Surpass- 
 Pre-em'i-nent-ly, adv. In 
 
 a pre-eminent degree. 
 Pre-emp'tion, n. Act or 
 right of buying something, 
 as land, before others. 
 Pre^-en-gage', v. t. To en- 
 gage beforehand. 
 Pre/-en-gage'ment, n. A 
 
 prior engagement or obliga- ; Prel'ate, n. 
 tion ; previous attachment. ■ Pre-lat'i-c, 
 Prez-es-tabaish, ' v. t. To Pre-iat'i€-al 
 establish beforehand. j the prelacy, 
 
 Pre'-ex-ist', v. i. To exist Pre-le€'tion, 
 
 beforehand. [existence, i lecture or discourse 
 Pre^-ex-ist'ence,n. Previous Preai-ba'tion, n. A foretaste. 
 Pre^-ex-ist'ent, \ a. Existing Pre-lim'i-na-ry, a. Precede 
 Pre^-ex-ist'ing, j in time 
 
 previous. 
 Pref age, n. An introducto- 
 ry speech or writing. — v. t. 
 To introduce by preliminary 
 remarks. [ry. 
 Pref a-to-ry, a. Introducto- 
 Pre'fe€t, n. A governor or 
 chief officer; a commander. 
 Pref'e<;t--ure, n. Office or 
 
 jurisdiction of a prefect. 
 Pre-fer' (8), i'. t. To esteem 
 above others ; to choose ; to 
 otfer ; to exalt. 
 Pref er-a-ble, a. Worthy of 
 preference. 
 
 [the churc^h. 
 A dignitary of 
 ) a. Pertaining 
 j to prelates or 
 
 A public 
 
 ing. — Syn. 'Introductory ; 
 previous ; preparatory. — n. 
 A first step; introduction. 
 Preclude, or Prel'ude, n. 
 Previous air in music ; an 
 introductory performance. 
 Pre-lude', v. t. or i. To pre- 
 face: to serve as an intro- 
 duction. 
 Pre-lu'sive, \a. Serving to 
 Pre-lu'so-ry, j introduce. 
 Pre/ma-ture', a. Ripe too 
 
 soon ; too h;isty. 
 Pre-med'i-tate, 1'. t. or t. To 
 
 meditate beforehand. 
 Pre-med'i-ta/ted, a. Con- 
 
 < 'I 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, w^lf, t<5-o, took ; flm, r«e, pyll ; 9, soft; g, hard; as ; epst ; u as ng ; this. 
 
PEEMEDITATION 
 
 204 
 
 PRETENSE 
 
 ceived, designed, or con- 
 trived beforehand. 
 
 Pre-meda-ta'tion, n. Pre- 
 vious deliberation. 
 
 Pre'mi-er (or prem/yer), n. 
 First; minister of state. — a. 
 First ; chief ; principal. 
 
 Pre-mise' (31), v. To lay 
 down premises. 
 
 Pr5m'is-es, n. pi. Proposi- 
 tions admitted; a building 
 and its adjuncts. 
 
 Pre'mi-um, n. Reward ; ad- 
 vance ; something given or 
 offered for the loan of money. 
 
 Pre-mon'ish, v. t. To ad- 
 monish beforehand. 
 
 Pre/mo-ni'tion (-nish^un), 
 n. Previous ■warning, no- 
 ti(|;e, or information. 
 
 Prei-mon'i-to-ry, a. Giving 
 previous notice. 
 
 Pre-6€^€u-pa'tion, n. Prior 
 occupation. 
 
 Pre-oe'-eu-py, v. t. To take 
 possession of before another. 
 
 PrQ^or-dain', v. t. To or- 
 djiin or appoint beforehand. 
 
 PrS-or^di-naaion, n. Act of 
 foreordaining. 
 
 Prgp^a-ra'tion. n. Act of 
 preparing, or making ready ; 
 pireparatory act, 
 
 Pre-par'a-tive, ) a. Adapt- 
 
 Pre-par'a-to-ry, f ed or 
 tending to prepare. 
 
 Pre-par'a-tive, n. That 
 which prepares or is done to 
 prepare; preparation. 
 
 Pre-pare', v. t. To make fit 
 or ready ; to qualify. 
 
 Pre-pay', v. t. To pay in 
 advance. 
 
 Pre-pense', a. Premeditated. 
 
 Pre-pon'der-ange, n. Su- 
 periority of M-eight or power. 
 
 Pre-p6n'der-ant, a. Superior 
 in weight or iuliuence. 
 
 Pre-p6n'der-ate, v. To out- 
 weigh, [of outweighing. 
 
 Pre-pon/der-a'tion, n. Act 
 
 Prep/o-siaion (-/Tsh/un), n. 
 A particle governing a noun 
 or pronoun, and showing its 
 relation to some other word. 
 
 Pro^pos-sess' {-pos-ses^ or 
 -poz-zes'), V. t. To preoc- 
 cupy ; to bias ; to prejudice. 
 
 Pre-pos-sess'ing (-p6s-ses^- 
 or -poz-zes/-),a. Adapted to 
 invite ftivor. 
 
 Pre^pos-ses'sion{-sesh/un or 
 -zesh^un), n. Prior posses- 
 sion ; preconceived opinion. 
 
 Pre-pos'ter-ous, a. Absurd. 
 
 Pre-re.q'ui-§ite (-rek/wl-zit), 
 a. Previously required or 
 liecessary. — n. Something 
 previously necessary. 
 
 Pre-rog'a-tive, n. An exclu- 
 sive or peculiar privilege. 
 
 Pre'sage, or Pres'age, n. A 
 prognostic ; a token. 
 
 Pre-sage',r. /. To foreshow; 
 to foretoken. [priest. 
 
 Pre§'by-ter, w. An elder ; a 
 
 Pre§/by-te'ri-an, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or consisting of, pres- 
 byters. — n. One who belongs 
 to the Presbyterian church. 
 
 Pre§/by-te'ri-an-ism, n. 
 Principles and government 
 of Presbyterians. 
 
 Pres'by-ter-y, n. A body of 
 pastors and ruling elders. 
 
 Pre'sci-enge (prG/shl-), n. 
 Foreknowledge. 
 
 Pre'sci-ent (-shI-), a. Fore- 
 knowing. 
 
 Pre-S€ribe', v. To direct ; to 
 dictate ; to lay down rules. 
 
 Pre'S€ript, n. An official or 
 authoritative direction. 
 
 Pre-S€rip'tion, n. Medical 
 direction of remedies ; claim 
 from long use or possession. 
 
 Pre-S€rip'tive, a. Arising 
 from prescription. 
 
 Preg'enge, n. A being pres- 
 ent; neighborhood; mien. 
 
 Pres'^nt,. a. In company ; 
 being now or here ; imme- 
 diate. — n. Something pre- 
 sented ; the present time. 
 
 Pre-§snt', v. t. To give ; to 
 bestow; to exhibit; to view; 
 to prefer ; to indict. 
 
 Pre-sent'a-ble, n. Admitting 
 of being presented. 
 
 Preg/en-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 presenting ; exhibition. 
 
 Pre-§en'ti-ment, n. Previous 
 notion or apprehension. 
 
 Pre§'ent-ly, adv. Shortly ; 
 soon ; immediately. 
 
 Pre-§6nt'ment, n. A present- 
 
 ing ; representation ; accu- 
 sation by a grand jury. 
 
 Pre§/er-va'tion, n. Act of 
 preserving ; safety ; security. 
 
 Pre-serv'a-tive, a. Having 
 power to preserve.— n. That 
 which preserves. 
 
 Pre serve', v. t. To keep 
 safe ; to save ; to secure ; to 
 defend. — n. Fruit pre- 
 served ; a place to keep 
 gam.e, or fish, in. 
 
 Pre-gide, v. i. To exercise 
 superintendence or control. 
 
 Prgg'i-den-gy, n. Office or 
 jurisdiction of president. 
 
 Prg§'i-dent, n. One at the 
 head of a society, college, or 
 republic. [to a president. 
 
 Pres/i-den'tial,a. Pertaining 
 
 Press (2), t\ t. To squeeze; 
 to crowd; to urge. — v. i. 
 To encroach ; to urge vehe- 
 mently. — n. A machine 
 for pressing ; urgency ; 
 crowd ; throng. 
 
 Pr6ss'-gang, n. A crew that 
 impresses men as seamen. 
 
 Press'ing, a. Urgent. 
 
 Press'ure (presh/ur),n. Act 
 of pressing ; affliction ; 
 weight; force; urgency. 
 
 Pre-sam'a-ble, a. Such as 
 may be presumed. 
 
 Pre-gume', v. i. To suppose; 
 to venture without leave. 
 
 Pre-giimp'ticn, «. Opinion; 
 strong probability ; excess 
 of confidence. 
 
 Pre-sump'tive, a. Partaking 
 of presumption. 
 
 Pre-§uinpt'u-ous, a. Rashly 
 bold; unduly confident. 
 
 Pre^sup-pcse', v. t. To sup- 
 pose as p*revious; to take 
 for granted, 
 
 Pre-tgnge', n. See Pretense. 
 
 Pre-tend', v. t. To hold out 
 an appearance of ; to simu- 
 late ; to feign ; to claim. — 
 V. i. To use pretense. 
 Pre-tgnd'ed, p. a. Having a 
 
 false appearance or claim. 
 Pre-tSnd'er, n. One who pre- 
 tends or lays claim. 
 Pre-tense' (27), n. A simu- 
 lated claim or assumption; 
 a pretext ; assumption. 
 
 a, S, i, a, u, y, long ; il, 6, 1, 6, U, j^, short ; c&r«, car, ask, all, wh^t ; 5ro, Tgil, t5rm ; pique, Cmi \ 
 
PRETENSION 
 
 205 
 
 PRISON 
 
 Pre-tSn'sion, n. Claim, true 
 or false ; pretense. 
 
 Pre-ten'tious, a. Making 
 great pretensions. 
 
 Pret'er-it, or Pre'ter-it, a. 
 {Gram.) Past or perfectly 
 past. [ Written also/'reimfe.] 
 
 Pre'ter-i'tion (-ish^un), n. 
 Act of going past. 
 
 Pre'ter-mis'sion ( mish^un), 
 n. The act of omitting. 
 
 Preaer-mit', v. t. To pass 
 by ; to omit ; to disregard. 
 
 Pre'ter-nat'u-ral, a. Beyond, 
 or different from, what is 
 natural ; aside from nature. 
 
 Pre-t8xt', or Pre'text, n. A 
 pretense ; an excuse. 
 
 Pre'tor, n. A civil officer 
 among the ancient Romans. 
 
 Pre-to'ri-an, a. Belonging to 
 a pretor or judge. 
 
 Pret'ti-ly (prit/ti- or pret^ti-), 
 adv. Neatly ; pleasingly. 
 
 Pret'ty (prU/ty or pretay), 
 a. Neat; handsome. — adv. 
 In some degree ; tolerably. 
 
 Pre-vail', v. i. To be preva- 
 lent ; to be generally re- 
 ceived. 
 
 Prev'a-lenQe, n. Most general 
 reception ; predominance. 
 
 Prev'a-lent, a. Predomi- 
 nant ; powerful. 
 
 Pre-var'i-eate, v. i. To avoid 
 giving a direct answer. — 
 Syn. To evade ; equivocate. 
 
 Pre-var^i-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 quibbling, [fore ; preceding. 
 
 Pre-ven'i-ent, a. Going be- 
 
 Pre-vent', r. t. To hinder. 
 
 Pre-ven'tion, m. Hindrance. 
 
 Pre-vent'ive, a. Tending to 
 hinder or prevent. — n. 
 Somothing that prevents. 
 
 Pre'vi-ous, a. Going before 
 in time ; prior ; antecedent. 
 
 Pre-vis'ion (-vTzh'un), n. 
 Foresight ; foreknowledge. 
 
 Prey (pr i), n. Spoil ; booty ; 
 plunder. — v. i. To take 
 food by violence ; to plun- 
 der. 
 
 Prlge, n. Equivalent paid for 
 any thing ; value ; reward. 
 
 Prige'-cur^rent, n. A pub- 
 lished list of the prevailing 
 prices of merchandise, &c. 
 
 Prige'less, a. Invaluable ; 
 inestimable. 
 
 Prick, v.t. To pierce ; to spur. 
 — V. i. To become acid. 
 
 Prick'le (prik/l), 71. A sharp 
 pointed projection. 
 
 Prick'ly, a. Full of prickles. 
 
 Pride, n. Inordinate self-es- 
 teem ; generous elation of 
 heart; dignity. — t*. t. To 
 indulge in self-esteem. 
 
 Priest, n. A clergyman ; an 
 ecclesiastic. [fraud. 
 
 Priest'€raft, n. Religious 
 
 Priest'ess, n. A female priest. 
 
 Priest'hdbd, n. Offi'-e of a 
 priest ; the order of priests. 
 
 Priest'ly, a. Pertaining to, or 
 like, a priest ; sacerdotal. 
 
 Prig, n. A conceited fellow. 
 
 Prig'gish (7), a. Conceited ; 
 pert ; affected. 
 
 Prim, a. Formal ; precise ; 
 affectedly nice. — r. t. To 
 deck with great nicety. 
 
 Pri'ma-gy, n. Office or digni- 
 ty of an archbishop. 
 
 Prim'age, n. A charge im- 
 posed in addition to the 
 freight. [nally. 
 
 Pri'ma -ri-ly (13), adv. Origi- 
 
 Pri'ma-ry, a. Original ; first 
 in time, meaning, or rank. 
 
 Pri'mate, n. An archbishop. 
 
 Prime, a. First ; original ; 
 chief; early. — n. The dawn ; 
 spring ; the best part ; 
 youth; full health. — v. t. 
 To put powder in the pan 
 of, as of a gun ; to lay the 
 first color in painting. 
 
 Prim'er, n. A small first book 
 for children ; a kind of type 
 of which there are two spe- 
 cies, one called 
 
 Long-primer, 
 
 and the other called 
 
 Great- 
 primer. 
 
 Pri-me'val, a. Belonging to 
 the earliest ages ; primitive. 
 
 Prim'ing, n. Powder in the 
 pan of a gun : first color 
 I laid on in painting. 
 
 Prim'i-tive, a. First; origi- 
 nal. — n. A primitive word. 
 
 Prim'ness, n. Affected nice- 
 ness or formality. 
 
 Pri'mo-gen'i-ture, n. Sen- 
 iority by birth ; exclusive 
 right of inheritance belong 
 ing to the eldest son o 
 daughter. [der ; original. 
 
 Pri-mor'di-al, a. First in or 
 
 Prim'r6§e, n. An early flow 
 ering plant. 
 
 Pringe (18), n. A king's son; 
 a sovereign. [prince. 
 
 Pringe'dom, n. Dignity of " 
 
 Pringe'ly, a. Of, or relatin 
 to, a prince ; grand. 
 
 Prin'gess, n. The consort of 
 a prince ; a king's daughter. 
 
 Prin'gi-pal,a. Chief; capital. 
 — n. A chief man ; a head ; 
 a sum of money at interest. 
 
 Prin'gi-pal'i-ty, n. A prince's 
 domain ; sovereignty. 
 
 Prin'gi-pal-ly, adv. Chiefly. 
 
 Prin'gi-ple, n. A settled or 
 right rule of conduct ; fun- 
 damental truth; tenet; an 
 original element. 
 
 Prink, I', t. To dress for show. 
 
 Print, v.t. To mark by im- 
 pression. — n. A mark made 
 by pressure; impressions of 
 type ; cloth stamped with 
 figures. 
 
 Print'er^ n. One who prints. 
 : Printing, n. The art or 
 practice of a printer. 
 
 Pri or, a. Former ; antece- 
 dent. — n. The superior of 
 a monastery. 
 
 Pri'or-ess, n. The lady su- 
 perior of a convent. 
 
 Pri-6r'i-ty, w. State of being 
 first in time, rank, &c. 
 
 Pri'or-y, n. A religious 
 house ; a convent. 
 
 Prism, n. A sohd, whose 
 bases are similar, 
 equal, parallel, plane 
 figures, and whose S| 
 sides are parallel©- R| 
 grams. Hi 
 
 Pris-mat'i€, a. Ver-^^r 
 talning to, or formed 
 by, prisms. Prism. 
 
 Prig'on (priz^n), v. t. To shut 
 up ; to confine. — n. A jail. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, W9lf, too, to^ok; tiru, rue, pull ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; ; exist ; a as ng ; this. 
 
PRISONER 
 
 20G 
 
 PROFIT 
 
 Prlg'on-er, n. One under ar- 
 rest ; a captive. [nal. 
 
 Pris'tine, a. Ancient ; origi- 
 
 Piitii'ee, adv. I pray thee. 
 
 Pri'va-Q7, n. Retirement ; 
 secrecy ; a place of retreat. 
 
 PrI'vate, a. Secret ; peculiar 
 to one's self ; alone. — n. A 
 common soldier. 
 rPva-teer', n. A private 
 ship of war commissioned to 
 take prizes. — v. i. To cruise 
 in a privateer. 
 
 PrI'vate-ly, adv. In a pri- 
 vate or secret manner. 
 
 Pri-va'tion, n. Act of de- 
 priving ; absence ; loss. 
 
 Priv'a-tive, a. Causing pri- 
 vation. — n. A negative pre- 
 fix to a word. [shrub. 
 
 Priv'et, n. An ornamental 
 
 Priv'i-lege, v. t. To invest 
 with peculiar rights. — n. 
 Peculiar advantage, [vately. 
 
 Priv'i-ly, adv. Secretly ; pri- 
 
 Priv'i-ty, n. Private knowl- 
 edge and concurrence. 
 
 Priv'y, a. Privately knowing 
 and consenting ; private. — 
 n. A partaker; an outhouse. 
 
 Prize, n. A reward ; some- 
 thing taken from an enemy. 
 — V. i. To value; to esteem. 
 
 Prdb^a-biPi-ty, n. Appear- 
 ance of truth ; likelihood. 
 
 Pr6b'a-ble, a. Likely to be, 
 or to be true. [hood. 
 
 Pr6b'a-bly, adv. In likeli- 
 
 Pro'bate, n. Proof of a will. 
 
 Pro-ba'tion, M. A proof ; trial. 
 
 Pro-ba'tjon-a-ry, a. Serving 
 for probation or trial. 
 
 Pro-ba'tion-er, n. One under- 
 going probation ; a novice. 
 
 Probe, n. A surgeon's in- 
 strument. — V. t. To try 
 with a probe ; to search 
 thoroughly. 
 
 Pr6b'i-ty, n. Uniform up- 
 rightness; integrity. 
 
 Prdb'lem, n. A questioji to 
 
 , be solved. 
 
 Prob/lem-at'i-c-al, a. Ques- 
 tionable ; uncertain. 
 
 Pro-b6s'cis, n. The snout or 
 trunk of an elephant, &c. 
 
 Pro-Qed'ure, n. Act or man- 
 ner of proceeding ; process. 
 
 Pro-Qeed', v. i. To go forward. 
 
 Pro-geed'ing, n. A transac- 
 tion, [rents. 
 
 Pro'geeds, n. pi. Issue ; 
 
 Pr6g'ess (pros^'es), n. A pro- 
 ceeding ; progress, [persons. 
 
 Pro-ges'sion, n. A train of 
 
 Pro-elaim', v. t. To pro- 
 nounce publicly and sol- 
 emnly ; to publish ; to pro- 
 mulgate. 
 
 Pr5€'la-ma'tion, n. A publi- 
 cation by authority. 
 
 Pro-eliv'i-ty, n. Habitual or 
 natural inclination. 
 
 Pro-c6n'sul, n. A governor 
 of a province. 
 
 Pro-€6n'su-lar, a. Pertain- 
 ing to a proconsul. 
 
 Pro-eras'ti-nate, v. t. or i. 
 To put off from day to day. 
 
 Pro-eras^ti-na'tion, n. De- 
 lay ; dilatoriness. 
 
 Pro'<;re-ate, v. t. To generate. 
 
 Pr5'-ere-a'tionv^^n. Produc- 
 tion of young ; generation. 
 
 Pr5'€re-a/tive, a. yHaving 
 the power to beget. 
 
 Pro'cre a'tor, n. One who 
 begets ; a sire. 
 
 Pr6-e'tor, n. An officer in 
 admiralty and ecclesiastical 
 causes ; an officer of a uni- 
 versity. 
 
 Pro-€um'bent, a. Lying 
 
 down or on the face. 
 I Pro -eur'a-ble, a. Obtainable. 
 
 Pr6€'u-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 procuring ; procurement. 
 
 Pr6€'u-ra^tor, n. One who 
 manages another's affairs. 
 
 Pro-eure^; v. t. To obtain ; 
 to gain ; to acquire. 
 
 Pro-eure'ment (10), w.^ Act 
 
 of procuring or obtaining, 
 i Prod'l-gal, a. Lavish ; waste- 
 ful. — n. A spendthrift. 
 
 Pr6d/i-gal'i-ty, n. Wasteful 
 expenditure ; excessive lib- 
 erality. — Syn. Extrava- 
 gance ; profusion ; waste. 
 
 Pr6d'i-gal-ly, adv. Lavishly. 
 
 Pro-dig'ious (-dTyus), a. 
 Very great ; astonishing ; 
 enormous in size, quantity, 
 &c. 
 
 Pro-dig'ious-ly, adv. As- 
 tonishingly ; enormously. 
 
 Pr6d'i-gy (19), n. Any sur- 
 prising thing : a wonder. 
 
 Pro-dugc', v. t. To bring 
 forth ; to bear ; to yield ; to 
 exhibit. 
 
 Prod'uge, n. That which is 
 produced or yielded ; grain. 
 
 Pro-du'ger, n. One who pro- 
 duces, [being produced. 
 
 Pro-du'gi-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 Prod'u-ct, n: A thing pro- 
 duced ; effect ; result ; sum. 
 
 Pro-du-e'ticn, n. Act of pro- 
 ducing ; fruit ; product. 
 
 Pro-du-et'ive, a. Causing to 
 exist ; fertile ; efficient. 
 
 Pro-du-et'ive-ness, n. The 
 quality of producing. 
 
 Pr5'em, n. A preface ; intro- 
 duction ; prelude. 
 
 Pr6f''a-na'tion, n. A violation 
 of sacred things. 
 
 Pro-fane', a. Irreverent to 
 God and to sacred thing.s ; 
 impious. — V. t. To violate ; 
 to put to a wrong use ; to 
 pollute. [ently. 
 
 Pro-fane'ly, adv. Irrever- 
 
 Pro-fane'ness, I n. Impiety ; 
 
 Pro-fan'i-ty, j irreverence 
 for sacred things. 
 
 Pro-fess', V. t. To declare 
 openly ; to avow, [avowal. 
 
 Pro-fess'ed-ly, adv. By 
 
 Pro-fes'sion (-fesh-'un), n. 
 Open declaration ; avowal ; 
 vocation ; occupation. 
 
 Pro-f6s'sion-al, a. Belong- 
 ing to a profession. 
 
 Pro-fess'or, n. One who 
 makes any profession ; a 
 public teacher in literature 
 or science. 
 
 Pro-fess'or-ship, n. Office 
 of a professor. 
 
 Pr6f'fer (8), v. t. To pro- 
 pose for acceptance. — n. 
 An offer ; an attempt. 
 
 Pro-fi'cien-cy (-fish/en-), n. 
 Progress made ; advance. 
 
 Pro-fi'cient (-fish/ent), n. 
 One who has made progress 
 or advance ; an expert ; an 
 adept. [line ; side face. 
 
 Pro'f lie (or pro^fcel), n. Out- 
 Profit, n. Gain ; advantage. 
 — v. (8) To benefit ; to im- 
 prove ; to be of advantage. 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, long ; a, 6, i, 6, Q, short ; care, car, a^k, aU, wh^t ; ere, Tfiil, t5rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
Mm 
 
 PrSf'it^aile Shielding ad- 
 vantage ; lucrative. 
 Pr6f'it-a-"bly, adv. With ad- 
 vantage ; advantageously. 
 Pr6f'li-ga-9y,n. A prolligate 
 
 or very vicious life. 
 Prof'ii-gate, a. Lost to vir- 
 tue. — n. An abandoned 
 or shamefully vicious man. 
 Pro-found', a. Deep ; thor- 
 ough ; low ; learned. 
 Pro-found'ness, ) n. Depth 
 Pro-fund'i-ty, j of place, 
 
 or of knowledge. 
 Pro-fuse', a. Liberal to ex- 
 cess ; exuberant; lavish. 
 Pro-fu'§ion, n. Great abun- 
 dance ; lavish supply ; ex- 
 travagance ; prodigality. 
 Prog, V. i- To go about beg- 
 ging ; to steal. 
 Pro-gen'i-tor, n. An an- 
 cestor ; a forefather. 
 Pr6g'e-ny,n. Offspring ; race. 
 Prog-nd'sis, n. The art or 
 act of foretelling the course 
 of a disease by its symptoms. 
 Prog-n6s'ti€, a. Foreboding. 
 
 — n. A sign ; token. 
 Prog-n6sai-c-ate, v- t. To 
 
 foreshow or foretell. 
 Prog-n6s'ti-ea'tioii, n. The 
 
 act of foretelling. 
 Pro'gram, in. An outline 
 Prd'gramme, ) of some pub- 
 lic performance. 
 PrSg'ress, n. A course on- 
 ward ; advance. 
 Pro-gress', v. i. To advance. 
 Pro-grSs'sion, n. Advance. 
 Pro-gress'ive, a. Going on- 
 ward ; advancing. 
 Pro-Mb'it, V. t. To forbid. 
 Pr5/hi-l)iaion (-bish'un), n. 
 
 Act of forbidding. 
 Pro-hib'it-ive, I a. Contain- 
 Pro-hib'it-o-ry, ) ing,orim. 
 
 plying, prohibition. 
 Pro-ject'jV. 7*. To jut out; to 
 be prominent. — v. t. To 
 scheme ; to plan ; to devise : 
 to draw ; to delineate. 
 Proj'ect, n. A plan; scheme. 
 Pro-je-et'ile, a. Impelling 
 forward. — n. A body pro- 
 jected through the air. 
 Pro-je€'tion, n. Act of pro- 
 jecting ; plan ; delineation. 
 
 207 
 
 PROPHETi^^S 
 
 Pro-ieet'or, n. One who Pro'tnul-ga'tor, n. One who 
 projects or plans. i publishes or makes known. 
 
 Pro'iate,a. Elongated in the Prcne, a. Flat on the face-, 
 direction of a Une joining ' bending downward ; slop- 
 the poles | ^"S ; inclined ; disposed. 
 
 Pr6i'i-cide, n. The crime of \ Prong, n. The branch of a 
 destroying one's offspring. I fork. [to a pronoun. 
 
 Pro-lif'i€, a. Generative ; Pro-n6m'i-nal, a. Belongmg 
 fruitful ; productive. I Pro'noun, n. A word used 
 
 Pro-lix' a. Long; tediovis. I for a noun. 
 Pro-lix'i-ty { n. Great Pro-nounQC', f. To speak ; 
 Pro-lix'ness,j length; te- j to utter rhetorically. 
 
 diousness. Pro-nounQe'a-ble, a. Capable 
 
 Pr6Po-€U'tcr, or Pro-16€'u- | of being pronounced, 
 tor, n. One who speaks for ; Pro-nun/gi-a-men^to, ji 
 ar>.other ; a spokesman. 
 Pro'lSgue (pro'lug), n. Intro- 
 duction to a play. 
 Pro-16ng', V. t. To lengthen. 
 
 Pro'Ion-ga'tion, n. Act of 
 lengthening in time or space; 
 delay. 
 
 Prdm'e-nade', or PrSm'e- 
 nade', n. A walk. — v. i. To 
 ^alk for amusement or ex- 
 ^cise. [being prominent. 
 'Pr6m'i-nenge, n. State of 
 Pr6m'i-nent, a. Conspicu- 
 ous, [nently. 
 Prom'i-nent-ly, adv. Emi- 
 
 Pro-miS'€u-ous, a. Mixed; 
 indiscriminate. 
 
 Prom'ise, n. A declaration 
 which binds the one Avho 
 makes it; ground of hope. 
 — V. t. To engage by decla- 
 ration ; to give hopes. 
 
 Pr6m'is-so-ry,a. Containing 
 a promise. [land. 
 
 Prom'on-to-ry, n. A head- 
 
 Pro-mote', v. t. To forward; 
 to raise ; to elevate, [ment. 
 
 Pro-mo'tion, n. Advance- 
 
 Pro-m5'tive, a. Tending to 
 promote, advance, or aid. 
 
 PrSmpt, a. Ready; expedi- 
 tious f quick. — r. t. To in- 
 cite to action ; to dictate. 
 
 Prompt'er, n. One who re- 
 minds a speaker. [ness. 
 
 Prompt 'iy, ndv. With readi- 
 
 Prom-Dt'ness, } n. Readi- 
 
 Prompt'i-tude, ) ness ; ex- 
 pedition ; alacrity. 
 
 Pro-mul'gate, v. t. To make 
 known by open declaration. 
 
 Pro/mul-ga'tion, 71. A no- 
 tice ; open publication. 
 
 proclamation or manifesto. 
 Pro-nun/ci-a'tion (-shl-a'- 
 shun), 77. Act or mode of 
 utterance. 
 Proof, 51. Testimony; full evi- 
 dence ; trial ; test ; demon- 
 stration ; a proof-sheet. — a. 
 Impenetniblc. 
 Proof-sheet, n. An impres- 
 sion from type, an engraved 
 plate, &c., for correction. 
 Prop, n. That on which a 
 body rests; support. — v. t. 
 To support ; to uphold. 
 Pr6p'a-gan'dist,n. A person 
 
 who propagates opinions. 
 Pr6p'a-gate, v. t. To gener- 
 ate ; to increase ; to pro- 
 mote, [sion ; increaFc. 
 Pr6p/a-ga'tion, n. Exten- 
 Prop'a-ga'tor, n. One who 
 
 propagates. 
 Pro-pelMT), f. To drive or 
 
 urge forward. 
 Pro-pel'ler, n. One who, or 
 that which, pvopels ; a 
 steam-boat propelled by a 
 screw, or the screwy itself. 
 Pro-pense', a. Inclined. 
 Pro-pen'si-ty, n. Inclina- 
 tion ; bent of mind ; ten- 
 dency ; bias; proclivity. 
 Propter, a. One's own; nat- 
 ural ; fit ; just ; correct. 
 Prop'er-ty, n. Inherent or 
 peculiar quality ; owner- 
 ship ; an estate ; goods. 
 Proph'e-cy, n. Prediction. 
 Proph'e-s^, v- To foret^t^l, 
 
 as events ; to predict. 
 PrSph'et, n. One who; proph- 
 esies, '[prophet. 
 Propli'et-ess, n. A female 
 
 son, or, do. wolf, to-o, took ; fim, rije, p'^U ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard; ; exi?,'t ; q as ug ; this. 
 
PROPHETIC 
 
 208 
 
 PROVJ^ 
 
 Pro-phet'i€, 
 Pro-phet'i€-al, 
 
 eveiitsVrelatiiig to prophecy. 
 
 5ro-pin'qui-ty, n. Nearuess 
 \n place,4ime, or relation. 
 
 Pfojmai-ate (-pTsh/i-at), v. t. 
 To%ppease and make fav- 
 orable. 
 
 Pro-pi^ti-a'tion (-pTsh'i-a'- 
 shun), n. Act of appeasing. 
 
 Pro-pi'ti-a'tor (-plsh/i-), n. 
 One who propitiates. 
 
 Pro-pi'ti-a-to-ry {-pish^i-a-), 
 a. Having the power to 
 make propitious ; expiatory. 
 
 — n. The mercy-seat. 
 Pro-pi'tious {-pish/ us), 
 
 Highly favorable to succj 
 
 — Syn. Auspicious 
 Pro'po:Hs, n. A substi 
 
 used i*yj^gg^ to stop crev 
 
 n. Compara- 
 equal share ; 
 Ratios. — V. t. To 
 I suitable propor- 
 bne part to another, 
 ['tion-a-ble, a. Capa- 
 being proportioned, 
 •'tion-a-bly, adv. Ac- 
 ^cording to proportion. 
 Pro-por'tion-al, 1 a. Hav- 
 Pro-p5r'tion-ate, ) ingadue 
 proportion, or comparative 
 relation. 
 Pro-por'tion-al-ly, adv. In 
 
 due proportion. 
 Pro-p5r'tion-ate, v. t. To 
 
 make proportional. 
 Pro-p5s'al, n. Offer ; proffer ; 
 
 proposition. 
 Pro-p5§e', V. t. To offer for 
 
 consideration ; to purpose. 
 Pr6p''o-si'tioii (-zish'un), n. 
 A thing proposed ; offer of 
 terms. [to offer. 
 
 Pro-pound', v. t. To propose ; 
 Pro-pri'e-ta-ry, n. An owner. 
 — a. Belonging to an owner, 
 o-pri'e-tor, n. A possessor 
 J in his own right ; an owner, 
 ro-pri'e-ty, n. Fitness ; 
 justness ; decorum. 
 ro-puPsion, n. Act of pro- 
 •i.ling, or driving forward, 
 o^.^a'tion, n. Continu- 
 e of > l*arliament from one 
 ,.,ion to^ another. 
 
 Unfold- 1 Pro-rogue', v. t. To continue 
 
 ing future j from session to session. 
 
 Pro-sa'i-e, a. Consisting in, 
 or like, prose ; common- 
 place ; prosy. 
 Pro-SQe'ni-um,7i. Front part 
 of the stage of a theater ; 
 part before the drop-scene. 
 Pro-s-erlbe', v. t. To de- 
 nounce and condemn ; to 
 outlaw ; to interdict. 
 Pro-s-erip'tion, n. A dooming 
 to death, exile, or outlawry. 
 Pro-s-erip'tive, a. Pertaining 
 
 to proscription. 
 Prdse, n. Language not in 
 verse. — v. i. To talk in a 
 11, tedious manner. 
 's'e-<jute- V. t. To pursue 
 
 ;cjiA*yiul 
 
 vjaHpF tioi 
 
 a claim 
 tion 
 Pros^e-eu'tii 
 Pro: 
 
 ^'rammar which treats of 
 accent and versification. 
 
 Pr63'pe<;t, n. A view ; object 
 of view ; reason to hope. 
 
 Pro-speet'ive, a. Looking 
 forward ; regarding the fu- 
 ture ; coming. 
 
 Pro-sp§€'tus, n. Plan cf a 
 proposed literary work. 
 
 PrSs'per, v. i. To be success- 
 ful. —Syn. To succeed; 
 thrive; flourish. — v. t. To 
 render successful ; to favor. 
 
 Pros-per'i-ty, n. Good for- 
 tune ; success. 
 
 PrSs'per-ous, «. Successful. 
 
 PrSs'ti-tiite, v. t. To offer to 
 a lewd or bad use. — a. De- 
 voted to base or lewd pur- 
 poses. — n. A woman given 
 to lewdness. 
 
 Pros'ti-tii'tion, n. The act of 
 prostituting. [length. 
 
 Pr6s'trate, a. Lying at 
 
 Prds'trate, i->. t. To throw 
 down ; to fall flat. 
 
 Pros-tra'tion, n. Act of pros- 
 trating ; dejection. 
 
 Pro'style, «. A range of col- 
 umns in front. 
 Pro'sy, a. Dull and tedious. 
 Pro-t6€t', v.t. To shield from 
 
 danger ; to save harmless. 
 Pro-te€'tion, n. Defense from 
 
 injury or danger. 
 Pro-te€t'ive, a. Defensive. 
 Pro-te€t'or,ji. One who de- 
 
 fenfe'tfom mjury. 
 Pro-te-e'tor-^te, n. Govern- 
 
 ment"by. a protector. 
 Prot^g^lpro/ta/zha'), n. Ono 
 under the care and protec- 
 tion of another. 
 Pro-test', V. i. To affirm sol- 
 emnly. — V. t. To declare 
 against ; to disown. 
 Prd'test, n. A formal dec- 
 laration of^issent. 
 Pr6t'est-ant, n. One who 
 protects against the doc- 
 trines and practices of the 
 rch of Rome, 
 ist-ant-igm, n. The re- 
 [gion of protestants. 
 r6t^e^-ta'tion, n. Solemn 
 declaration. 
 Pro-th6n'o-ta-ry, n. The 
 
 chief clerk of a court. 
 Pr6'to-€61, n. An original 
 copy or rough draught of 
 a treaty, &c. 
 Pro'to-mar'tyr, n. The first 
 
 martyr, Stephen. 
 Pro'to-t^pe, n.' An original 
 model. 
 
 Pro-tra-et', v. t. To lengthen 
 in time ; to prolong. 
 
 Pro-tra€'tion, n. Act of pro- 
 tracting ; a lengthening out. 
 
 Pro-trude', v. t. To thrust 
 ovit.—v. i. To shoot forward. 
 
 Pro-tru'sion (-trvj/zhun), n. 
 Act of thrusting out. 
 
 Pro-tru'sive, a. Thrusting or 
 impelling outward. 
 
 Pro-tu'bcr-ange, n. A promi- 
 nence ; a swelling. [out. 
 
 Pro-tu'ber-ant, a. Swelling 
 
 Pro-tu'ber-ate , ^' . ? . To swell 
 out. 
 
 Proud, o. Having inordinato 
 self-esteem ; conceited ; arro- 
 gant ; haughty. 
 
 Prove, v.t.ovi. To try ; to 
 test ; to ascertain by experi- 
 ment ; to verify ; to demon- 
 
 ,T, o, u, y, Ions ; ^» 1} 6, u, j^, short ; care, car, ask, [ill, what ; 6re, veil, t5rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
PROVENDER 
 
 strate ; to experience ; tO' 
 
 found by trial. 
 Prov'en-der, n. Dry food 
 
 cattle and horses. 
 Prdv'erb, n. A wise saying ; 
 
 an adage ; a maxim. 
 Pro-verb'i-al, a. "Pertaining 
 
 to a proverb ; univlM^jftU^ 
 
 acknowledged or spoken'of. 
 Pro-verb'i-al-ly, adv. By or 
 
 as a proverb. 
 Pro-vide', v. t. To prqpure 
 
 beforehand ; to prepare. 
 Prdv'i-denge, n. Foresight ; 
 
 the care of God over his 
 
 creatures. [beforehand. 
 Pr6v'i-dent, a. Preparing 
 Pr6v'i-den'tial, a. Relating 
 
 to. or effected by, divine 
 
 providence. 
 Pr6v/i-d6n'tial-ly, adv. 
 
 means of providence, 
 Pr6v'i-dent-ly, adv, 
 
 > iiie I Pro^ 
 for 
 
 209 
 
 Prow, n. Forepart of a ship. 
 ~row'ess,n. Bravery; valor, 
 wl, v. i. To rove for prey. 
 ' A roving for prey. 
 Pr6x'i-mate,a. Next imme- 
 diately preceding or follow- 
 ing. — Syn. Nearest; imme- 
 di^ate ; direct. \ 
 Prox-im'i-tyvi^ Nisamesg. 
 ;6x'i-mo, n. Tiae next, or 
 coming month. 
 Prdx'jrfiaj, n. A substitute. 
 Prude, n. A woman of affect- 
 •"■j^d modesty or reserve. 
 Prti'denge, n. Practical wis- 
 dom ; caution ; discretion. 
 Pru'dent, a. Practically wise. 
 Pru-den'tial, a. Proceeding^ 
 from, or guided by, pj'*^ 
 dence. ^ 
 
 ffected mod- 
 [coy. 
 Affectedly 
 dried plum. — 
 cut or lop off 
 to trim. 
 
 of 
 
 woolen 
 
 Pro 
 
 itantof a 
 longing to' 
 
 Pro-vin'Qia 
 ity of speecfi" 
 
 Pro-vi'§ion 
 
 Preparation; somefl 
 Tided ; food, 
 ply with stores. 
 
 Pro-vi'sion-al, ) a. Pre- 
 
 Pro-vi'sion-a-ry, ) pared for 
 the oc'casion ; temporary. 
 
 Pro-vi'iion-al-ly (-vizh^un-), 
 adv. Temporarily. 
 
 Pro-vI'§o, n. {pi. Pro-vF§6s, 
 18.) A conditional stipula- 
 tion, [of anger. 
 
 Prov'o-ca'tion, n. A cause 
 
 Pro-v6'€a-tive, a. Serving to 
 provoke or excite. — n. Any 
 thing that tends to pro- 
 voke ; a stimulant. 
 
 Pro-v6ke', v. t. To excite; 
 to offend ; to incense. 
 
 Pr6v'6st (prov'ust), n. A 
 chief officer, or magistrate. 
 
 Pro'vost-mar'shal {usually 
 pron. pro-vo'-), n. A mili- 
 tai^y officer who arrests de- 
 serters, &c. 
 
 plied to an acid which is a 
 deadly poison. 
 Pry, V. i. To examine or in- 
 spect closely. — V. t. To lift 
 with a lever. 
 Psalm (sam), n. A sacred 
 song or hymn. [psalms. 
 Psalm'ist, n. A writer of 
 Psalm'o-dist (sjilm^- or 
 sam^-), n. One who sings 
 psalms. 
 
 Psalm'o-dy (ssXlm^- or sam'-), 
 n. Art or practice of singing 
 psalms or hymns. 
 
 PsaPter (sawPter), n. The 
 book of Psalms. 
 
 PsaPter-y (sawl/ter-), n. An 
 instrument of music. 
 
 Pshaw ( shaw ), inter j. express- 
 ing contempt, 
 
 Psy/€ho-16g'i€(si/-), a. 
 taining to psychology. 
 
 Psy-€h61'o-gy (si-), n. 
 doctrine of the soul. 
 
 Pt6Pe-ma'i€ (tol'-), a. 
 
 PUGNACIOUS 
 
 taining to Ptolemy, an an- 
 cient astronomer. [scxesJy 
 Pu'ber-ty,n. Ripe age in tho 
 Pu-bes'QenQC, n. A state of 
 puberty ; soft, short hairs. 
 Pu-bes'QCnt, a. Arriving at ^ 
 puberty ; covered with soft, 
 short hairs. 
 Pub'li€ (5), a. Pertaining to 
 the comaiunity ; common ; 
 open ; general. — n. The 
 body of the people. 
 Pub '11 -can, n. Keeper of an 
 inn or public house ; a col-s^ 
 lector of taxes or tribute. 
 Pub'li-ca'tion, n. Act of pub- 
 lishiug ; thing published, 
 ing iJfVb-lig'i-ty, n. State of being 
 rfj^^'tpublic ; notoriety. 
 
 Pub'li€-ly, adv. Openly. 
 Pub'lish, V. t. To make 
 known or public ; to adver- 
 tise, [publishes. 
 Pub'lish-er, n. One who 
 Piib'lish-ment, n. Public no- 
 tice of an intended mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Puck'er, v. t. To gather into 
 small folds or wrinkles. — n. 
 A small fold. 
 Pud'ding, n. A kind of food 
 variously compounded, 
 'ud'dle, n. A small pool of 
 muddy water. — v. t. To 
 make muddy ; to render im- 
 pervious to water ; to de- 
 prive of carbon, as iron. 
 Pu'er-ile, a. Childish ; boy- 
 ish, [ness. 
 Pii^er-iPi-ty, n. Childish- 
 Pu-er'per-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to childbirth. 
 Puff (1), «. A slight blast of 
 wind ; a kind of light pastry ; 
 exaggerated commendation. 
 — V. t. or i. To swell with, 
 wind ; to pant ; to praise ex- 
 travagantly. 
 Puffy, a. Inflated ; swollen ; 
 
 bombastic. [dog. 
 Pug, n. A monkey or little 
 Pu'gil-ism, n. A fighting 
 
 with the fist ; boxing. 
 Pu'gil-ist, n. A boxer. 
 Pu/gil-ist'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 fighting with the fist. 
 Pug-na'cious, a. Inclined to 
 fight. 
 
 Per- 
 The 
 
 serters, &c. ■ Pt6Pe-ma'i-e (tol'-), a. Per- fight. 
 
 66n, 8r, dg, w^lf, too, tdbk ; ffrn, rue, pyll ; ^, ^, soft; c, g, hard,- ag ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 14 
 
PUGNACITY 
 
 210 
 
 PURLOIN 
 
 Pug-n3,Q'i-ty, n. Disposition 
 to fight. 
 
 Puis'ne (pQ/ne), a. Small ; 
 younger ; inferior in rank. 
 
 Pu'ls-sange, n. Power ; 
 strength ; might. 
 
 Pu'is-sant, a. Powerful ; 
 strong ; mighty. [vomit. 
 
 Puke , t' . 1 . To vomit. — n. A 
 
 Pule, V. i. To cry and whine 
 like a child. 
 
 Pull, v,t. To pluck ; to draw. 
 — n. Act of ' ^i^ jl' 
 Polling. iSyi L^ll 
 
 Pul'let, n. M 
 young hen. nT 
 
 Pul'ley (19), n. U 
 A small wheel f|| 
 in a block, v 
 with a groove j| 
 for a running • • 
 
 cord. Pulleys. 
 
 Pul'mo-na-ry, ) a. Pertain- 
 
 Pul-m6n'i€, j ihg to, or af- 
 fecting, the lungs. 
 
 Pulp, n. The soft, juicy part 
 of fruit. — V. t. To deprive 
 of pulp. 
 
 Pul'pit, n. An elevated sta- 
 tion or desk for a preacher. 
 
 Pulp'ous, la. Of, or like, 
 
 Pulp'y, j pulp; soft. 
 
 Pul'sate, V. i. To throb, as 
 an artery. 
 
 Pul-sa'tion, n. A throb. 
 
 Pulse, n. A beating of arte- 
 ries ; peas, beans, &c. 
 
 PuPver-i-za'tion, n. A re- 
 ducing to powder. 
 
 Pui'ver-Ize, v. t. To reduce 
 to powder ; to comminute. 
 
 Pul-v6r'u-lent, a. Consisting 
 of, or like, fine powder. 
 
 Pum'ige, n. A porous sub- 
 stance ejected from volca- 
 noes. 
 
 Pump, n. An engine for rais- 
 ing water ; a low shoe with a 
 thin sole. — v. To raise 
 with a pump ; to draw out. 
 
 Pump'kin, n. A well-known 
 plant and its fruit. 
 
 Piin, n. A word or expression 
 with two meanings ; a quib- 
 ble. — V. i. (7) To play upon 
 words. 
 
 Punch, n. A tool for making 
 holes; a kind of liquor; a 
 
 buffoon ; a blow. — v. t. To 
 thrust ; to perforate. 
 
 Punch'eon ( -un ),n. A tool ; 
 a cask holding 84 or 120 
 gallons. 
 
 Pun^chi-nel'lo, n. A buf- 
 foon ; a character in a pup- 
 put-show, [point. 
 
 Pun-e-til'io (18), n. A nice 
 
 Pune-til'ious, a. Exact in 
 ceremony or bargain ; nice. 
 
 Pun-e'to, n. A nice point of 
 form or ceremony ; a punc- 
 tilio ; the point in fencing. 
 
 Pun-ct'u-al, a. Prompt ; ex- 
 act ; strict ; nice. 
 
 Pun-eVu-aPi-ty, n. Scrupu- 
 lous exactness in time. 
 
 Pun€t'u-ate, v. t. To mark 
 with written points. 
 
 PuncVu-a'tion, n. Act or 
 aft of dividing sentences by 
 means of points. 
 
 Punet'ure, n. A small point 
 or hole. — v. t. To prick 
 with a pointed instrument. 
 
 Pun'dit, n. A learned JBmh- 
 min. I 
 
 Pun'gen-cyl t. Sharpness. 
 
 Pun'^ent, a I Sharp ; acrid. 
 
 Pu'ni-e, n. IVrtaining to Car- 
 thage; faithless; perfidious. 
 
 Pun'ish, V. t. To intlict pain 
 on for an offense. — Syn. 
 To correct ; scourge ; chas- 
 ten ; castigate. 
 
 Pun'ish-ment, w. Any penal- 
 ty inflicted or suffered as the 
 reward of a crime. 
 
 Pu'ni-tive, a. Inflicting pun- 
 ishment. 
 
 Pftnk, n. Substance used for 
 tinder ; a strumpet. 
 
 Pun'ster, n. One who puns. 
 
 Punt, n. A flat-bottomed boat, 
 used for various purposes. 
 
 Pu'ny, a. Little and weak. 
 
 Pup, n. A young dog; a 
 whelp. — V. i. To bring forth 
 puppies. [chrysalis. 
 
 Pu'pa, n. {pi. Pu'pse.) A 
 
 Pu'pil, n. A scholar ; apple 
 of the eye. 
 
 Pu'pil-age (8), n. The state 
 of a pupil or scholar. 
 
 Pup'pet, n. A small image 
 moved by wires ; a doll. 
 
 Pup'py (19), n. A young dog. 
 
 Pup'py-ism, n. Cringing 
 meanness; coxcombry. 
 
 Pur (3), V. i. To murmur 
 as a cat. — n. A murmur- 
 ing sound made by cats. 
 
 Pur'blind, a. Near-sighted. 
 
 Pur'chas-a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being purchased. 
 
 Pur 'chase, v. t. To buy ; to 
 procure ; to obtain ; to 
 acquire. — n. A buying; 
 thing bought ; power of a 
 lever. [buys. 
 
 Pur'cha-ser, n. One who 
 
 Pure, a. Clear; unpolluted; 
 real ; genuine. 
 
 Pure'ly (10), arlv. In a pure 
 manner ; merely. 
 
 Pur-ga'tion, n. Act of cleans- 
 ing or clearing from a crime. 
 
 Pur'ga-tive, a. Cleansing ; 
 cathartic. — n. A cathartic 
 medicine. 
 
 Pur'ga-to-ry, n. A place in 
 which some persons suppose 
 the souls of the dead are 
 purified by punishment. 
 
 Purge, n. A cathartic med- 
 icine. — V. t. To cleanse; to 
 purify ; to clear from guilt. 
 
 Pu^ri-fi-€a'tion, n. Act of pu- 
 rify ing ; a cleansing. 
 
 Pu'ri-fy, r. t. or i. To make 
 or grow pure or clean ; to 
 cleanse ; to refine. 
 
 Pu'rism, n. Nicety, especial- 
 ly in the use of words. 
 
 Pu'rist, n. One nice in the 
 choice of words. 
 
 Pu'ri-tan, n. A dissenter from 
 the church of England in 
 the 16th and 17th centuries. 
 
 Pu''ri-tan'i€, \a. Pertain- 
 
 Pu^ri-tS-n'i-e-al, j ing to the 
 Puritans and their doc- 
 trines ; rigid. 
 
 Pu'ri-tan-i§m, n. The no- 
 tions or practice of Puritans. 
 
 PU'ri-ty (11), n. State of being 
 pure ; cleanness ; chastity. 
 
 Pfirl, V. i- To flow with a 
 gentle noise. — n. A gentle 
 murmur of a stream ; a 
 border ; malt liquor spiced. 
 
 Pur'lieu, n. Environs. 
 
 Pfir'lin, n. A timber to sup- 
 port rafters. [pilfer. 
 
 Pur-loin', v. t. To steal ; to 
 
 a, e, T, o, u, y , long ; 5, e, T, 5, tt, y, short ; care, ciir, ask, ^H, wh^it ; Ore, v§il, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
PURPLE 
 
 Pur'ple, a. Red tinged with 
 blue. — n. A color composed 
 of red and blue ; a robe. — 
 V. t. To color with purple. 
 
 Pfir'port, n. That which is 
 meant : meaning ; tendency. 
 — V. t. To intend ; to signify. 
 
 Pur'pose, n. Object to be ac- 
 complished. —SYN. Inten- 
 tion ; aim ; view ; end. — 
 V. t. To intend ; to design. 
 
 Pur'pose-ly, adv. Inten- 
 tionally ; with design. 
 
 Purr. See Pur. 
 
 Purse, n. A small money- 
 bag. — V. t. To put in a purse. 
 
 Purse'-proud, a. Proud of 
 wealth. ship. 
 
 Purs'er, n. Paymaster of a 
 
 Pur-su'anQC, n. A following ; 
 profjecution ; consequence. 
 
 Pur-su'ant, a. Done in con- 
 sequence. 
 
 Pur-sue', V. t. To follow; to 
 chase. — i'. i. To proceed, 
 in argument or discourse. 
 
 Pur-su'er, n. One who pur- 
 sues, chases, or follows. 
 
 Pur-suit', n. Act of following ; 
 chase; course of business. 
 
 Pur'sui-vant (-swT-), n. A 
 state messenger. 
 
 Purs'y, a. Fat and short- 
 breathed, [pus. 
 
 Pu'ru-lenge, n. Generation of 
 
 Pu'ru-lent, a. Consisting of, 
 or pertaining to, pus. 
 
 Pur-vey' (-v.V), v. t. To fur- 
 nish or provide. — v. i. To 
 buy provisions ; to cater. 
 
 Pur-vey'or, n. One who pro- 
 vides ; a caterer. 
 
 Pur'view, n. The body of 
 
 211 
 
 a statute ; limit ; scope ; 
 sphere ; extent. 
 Pus, n. -Matter; yellowish- 
 white, creamy liquid of a 
 sore. 
 
 Push, V. t. To urge or impel. 
 — n. An urging ; a thrust. 
 
 Pu/sil-la-nim'i-ty , n. Weak- 
 ness of mind ; cowardice ; 
 poltroonery. 
 
 Pu'sil-lan'i-mous, a. Desti- 
 tute of courage. — Syn. 
 Cowardly ; dastardly. 
 
 Puss, n. A cat ; a hare. 
 
 Pdst'ule, n. A small pimple 
 containing pus. 
 
 Put, V. t. [i7np. & p. p. PUT.] 
 To lay in a place ; to apply : 
 to propose. — v. i. To go or 
 move ; to steer ; to direct. 
 
 Pu'ta-tive, a. Supposed. 
 
 Put'log, n. A short piece of 
 timber supporting the floor 
 of a scaffold. 
 
 Put'-6ff, n. A shift for eva- 
 sion or delay ; a subterfuge. 
 
 Pu'tre-fa€'tion, n. Process 
 of decaying or rotting. 
 
 Pu'tre-f4€'tive, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or tending to pro- 
 mote, putrefaction ; making 
 rotten. 
 
 Pu'tre-fy, v. t. ov i. To dis- 
 solve or rot, as organized 
 matter. [rotting. 
 
 Pu-tres'Qenge, n. State of 
 
 Pu-tres'gent, a. Becoming 
 putrid or rotten, as organ- 
 ized bodies. 
 
 Pii'trid, a. Decomposed ; 
 rotten. 
 
 Pu-trid'i-ty, ) n. State of 
 Pu'trid-ness, J being putrid. 
 
 QUADRAT 
 
 Piit'ty, n. A kind of paste 
 or cement of whiting and 
 linseed oil. 
 
 Puz'zle, n. Perplexity ; a toy 
 which perplexes. — v. t. To 
 perplex, as the mind ; to 
 nonplus. 
 
 Pyg-me'an, a. Dwarfish. 
 
 Pyg'my (19), n. A dwart 
 — a. Small 
 
 Pyr'a-mid, n. 
 A solid, hav- 
 ing a rectilin- /fl M ^ 
 ear base, and (a^|^<^|La^ 
 its sides tri- 
 angles having Pyramids, 
 a common vertex. 
 
 PiS^-ram'id-al, I a. Having 
 
 Pjfr/a-mid'i-c-al, ) the form 
 of a pyramid. 
 
 Pyre, n. A funeral pile. 
 
 P^r'i-form, a. Having the 
 form of a pear. 
 
 Py-ri'te§, n. A combination 
 of sulphur with iron, cop- 
 per, cobalt, or nickel. 
 
 Pyr^o-lig'ne-ous, I a. Pro- 
 
 Pyr^o-lig'ni^, ) duced by 
 the distillation of wood. 
 
 Py-r6m'e-ter, n. An instru- 
 ment for measuring high de- 
 grees of heat. 
 
 Pvr'o-te-eh'nies, ) n. Art of 
 
 Pyr'o-teeh'ny, ) making 
 fire- works, as rockets, &c. 
 
 Pyr'o-te-eh'nist, n. One 
 skilled in pyrotechny ; a 
 manufacturer of fire-works. 
 
 Pyx (18), n. Among Roman 
 Catholics, the box in which 
 the host is kept ; a box at 
 the English mint for certain 
 sample coins. 
 
 Q. 
 
 QUACK (5), V. i. To cry 
 like a duck ; to boast. — 
 n. A pretender to medical 
 skill. [quack. 
 Qu3,ck'er-y, n. Practice of a 
 Quad'ra-^6s'i-m^, n. Lent. 
 
 Quad'ran-gle, n. 
 
 A plane figure of 
 four angles and 
 four sides. Quadrangle. 
 Quad-ran'gu-lar, a. Having 
 four angles. . 
 
 Quad'rant ( kwod'- ) , 
 
 n'. Quarter of a 
 
 circle ; arc of 90*^ ; 
 
 an instrument for \^ 
 
 taking altitudes. a,a,Quad- 
 Quad'rat (kwod^-), rants. 
 
 86n, or, dQ, W9lf, too, t<5bk; iim, rjje, pyll; ^, soft,- «, g, hard; as ; exist; q as eg; thja. 
 
QUADRATE 
 
 212 
 
 QUEER 
 
 n. A low piece of metal to 
 make a blank space ia print- 
 ing. 
 
 Quad'rate, a. Square ; suited. 
 — n. A square. 
 
 Quad'rate, v. t. To square; 
 to fit ; to suit. [a square. 
 
 Quad-rat'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Quad'ra-ture, n. A square ; 
 the finding of a square hav- 
 ing the same area as a given 
 curvilinear figure. 
 
 Quad-ren'ni-al, a. Happen- 
 ing once in four years. 
 
 Quad'ri-lat'er-al, 
 
 a'. Having four / 
 sides and hence / 
 
 four angles. — n. ^ ' 
 
 A plane figure Quadrilat- 
 having four sides. 
 
 Qua-drille' (kwa-dril^ or ka- 
 drilO, n. A kind of dance. 
 
 Quad-rill'ion, n. A million 
 involved to the fourth pow- 
 er ; in America, a thousand 
 trillions. 
 
 Quad-rip'ar-tite, a. Consist- 
 ing of four parts. 
 
 Quad^ri-syl'la-ble, n. A word 
 of four syllables. 
 
 Quad'ri- valve, n. One of a 
 set of four leaves serving for 
 a door. 
 
 Quad-ru'ma-nous, a. Hav- 
 ing four fet't that take the 
 place of hands. 
 
 Quad'ru-ped, n. An animal 
 having four feet. 
 
 Quad'ru-ple, a. Fourfold.— 
 V. t. To increase fourfold. 
 
 Quad-ru'pli-€ate, a. Four- 
 fold. " [make fourfold. 
 
 Quad-ru'pli-€ate, v. t. To 
 
 Quad-ru'pli-ea'tion, n. A 
 making fourfold. 
 
 Quaff (1), V. t. To drink 
 largely or copiously of. 
 
 Quag'mire, n. Soft, wetland 
 that shakes under the feet. 
 
 QuS,g'gy, a. Soft, wet, and 
 yielding to the feet. 
 
 Quail, n. A gallinaceous 
 bird; in the U. S., the 
 rulTed grouse — v.t.or i.To 
 become quelled ; to shrink ; 
 to cower. 
 
 Quaint, a. Artificially ele- 
 gant ; odd and antique. — 
 
 Syn. Strange ; whimsical ; 
 fanciful; singular; queer. 
 
 Quaint'ly, adv. Ingenious- 
 ly ; fancifully ; oddly. 
 
 Quaint'ness, n. State of be- 
 ing quaint ; oddness. 
 
 Quake, t\ i. To shake. — n. 
 A shake ; a tremulous agita- 
 tion ; a shudder. 
 
 Quak'er, n. One of the so- 
 ciety of Friends. 
 
 Quak'er-ism, n. System of 
 the Quakers. 
 
 Qual'i-fi'a-ble (13), a. Capa- 
 ble of being qualified ; abat- 
 able. 
 
 QuaPi-fi-ea'tion, n. That 
 which qualifies ; legal requi- 
 site ; endowment ; modifica- 
 tion. 
 
 QuaFi-fy, v. t. To fit; to pre- 
 pare ; to modify ; to limit ; 
 to abate ; to restrict. 
 Qual'i-ty, n. Nature ; char- 
 acter ; distinguishing prop- 
 erty ; attribute ; high rank. 
 Qualm (kwam), n. Sudden 
 illness ; nausea ; a throe ; 
 scruple of conscience. 
 Qualm'ish (kwam'-), a. Af- 
 fected with sickness at the 
 stomach. 
 Quan'da-ry, or Quan-da'ry, 
 n. State of diflicuity or per- 
 plexity ; uncertainty. 
 Quan'ti-ty, n. Quality of 
 being measurable ; a certain 
 extent, sum, or portion ; 
 bulk ; measure, amount. 
 Quar'an-tme (-teen), n. Pro- 
 hibition of intercourse with 
 the shore, to which an in- 
 fected ship is subjected. 
 Quar'rel (kwor^rel, 8), n. A 
 breach of friendship ; an 
 angry contest. — v. i. To 
 dispute ; to find fault. 
 Quar'rel-some, a. Inclined 
 
 to quarrel ; contentious. 
 Quar'ry (kwor^ry), n. A 
 mine ; game. — v. t. To dig 
 or take from a quarry. 
 Quart, n. Fourth of a gallon. 
 Quar'tan, a. Designating a 
 fourth. — n. An ague oc- 
 curring every fourth day. 
 Quar'ter, n. A fourth part 
 oi any thing ; 8 bushels ; 3 
 
 months ; a region ; mercy 
 shown to an enemy ; {pi.) A 
 station occupied by troops. 
 — v.t. To divide into four 
 parts ; to lodge, as soldiers. 
 
 Quar'ter-day, n. The day 
 that completes the term of 
 three months. 
 
 Quar'ter-deck, n. Deck of 
 a ship from the mainmast 
 to the stern. 
 
 Quar'ter-ly, a. Happening 
 every three months. — adv. 
 Once in the quarter of a 
 year. — n. A work published 
 four times a year. 
 
 Quar'ter-mas'ter, n. An 
 officer who regulates the 
 quarters, provisions, &c., 
 of an army. 
 
 Quar'tern, n. Fourth part of 
 a pint ; a loaf weighing about 
 four pounds. 
 
 Quar'ter-staff, n. A stout 
 staff once used as a weapon 
 of defense. 
 
 Quar-tette', In. A musical 
 
 Quar-tet', ) composition 
 in four parts, or the four 
 persons who perform them. 
 
 Quar'to, n. {pi. Quar'to§, 
 18. ) A book in which each 
 sheet is folded into four 
 leaves. [silex. 
 
 Quartz (kworts), n. Pure 
 
 Quash (kwosh), v. t. To 
 crush ; to subdue ; to annul. 
 
 Quas-sa'tion, n. A shaking. 
 
 Quas'si-a (kwosh^i-a or 
 kwXsh'i-a), n. A bitter me- 
 dicinal wood. 
 
 Qua-ter'ni-on, n. The num- 
 ber four ; a set of four per- 
 sons or things. 
 
 Qua'ver (7), f. t. To shake 
 the voice. — n. A shake of 
 the voice ; an eighth note. 
 Quay (k3), n. A mole or bank 
 
 by the water ; a wharf. 
 Quean, n. A low woman ; a 
 slut. 
 
 uea'gy, a. Squeamish ; sick. 
 
 ueen, n. The consort of a 
 
 king ; a female sovereign. 
 Queen'-dow^a-ger, n. The 
 
 widow of a king. 
 Queer, a. Odd ; strange ; 
 
 singular ; quaint. 
 
 a 6, T, o, u, y, long ; S, 6, x, 6, tt, 5', short ; care, car, ask, aU, wh^t ; ere, veil, t«rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
QUEEKNESS 
 
 213 
 
 QUOTIENT 
 
 Queer'ness, n. Oddity ; sin- 1 
 gularity ; quaintness. 
 
 Quell {\\v.t. To crush ; to 
 subdue ; to put down ; to 
 allay ; to appease. 
 
 QuSnch, v.t. To extinguish ; 
 to repress ; to allay. 
 
 Qu6nch'a-ble, a. Admitting 
 of being quenched. 
 
 Quer'Qit-ron, n. Dyer's oak 
 and the bark. 
 
 Qne'rist, n. One who in- 
 quires. 
 
 Quern, n. A hand-mill for 
 grinding grain. 
 
 Quer'u-lous, a. Habitually 
 complaining. 
 
 Quer'u-lous-ness, n. Dispo- 
 sition to complain. 
 
 Que'ry (19), n. A question. 
 — V. t. To ask que.'^rions 
 about. [search ; request. 
 
 Quest, n. Act of seeking ; 
 
 QuSs'tion (k\v6st/yun), n. 
 Act of asking ; inquiry ; 
 doubt. — V. t. To ask ; to 
 interrogate ; to doubt. 
 
 Ques'tion-a-i)le , a. Doubt- 
 ful ; uncertain ; suspicious. 
 
 Ques'tion-er, n. One who 
 asks questions ; an inquirer. 
 
 Quib'ble, n. An evasion of 
 the truth ; a cavil ; a pun ; 
 a low concert. — v. t. To 
 evade ; to pun. 
 
 Quib'bler, n. One who quib- 
 bles ; a punster. 
 
 Quick, a. Moving or acting 
 with celerity ; living. — 
 Syn. Swift ; speedy. — adv. 
 Soon ; hastily. — n. Any 
 sensible part ; living flesh. 
 
 Quick'en (kwik^n), v. t. To 
 make alive ; to vivify ; to 
 make quick or rapid. 
 
 Quick'lime, n. Lime un- 
 slacked. [time, 
 uick'ly, adv. In a short 
 uick'ness, n. Speed; haste, 
 uick'-sand, n. A mass of 
 loose or moving sand mixed 
 with water. 
 
 Quick'set, n. A living shrub 
 set to grow, as for a hedge. 
 
 Qmck'sil-ver. n. Mercury. 
 
 Quid, n. A piece of tobacco 
 for chewing ; a cud. [ty. 
 
 Quid'di-ty, w. A tritlingnice- 
 
 Quid'dle, V. i. To waste time 
 in trifling employments. 
 
 Quid'nun€, n. One curious 
 to know every thing that 
 passes ; a gossip. 
 
 QuI-es'genge, n. Rest ; re- 
 pose ; silence. 
 
 Qui-es'Qent, a. At rest ; si- 
 lent. 
 
 Qui'et, a. Free from motion 
 or disturbance. — Syn. 
 Still ; calm ; unmolested ; 
 tranquil. — n. Rest ; tran- 
 quillity. — V. t. To stop mo- 
 tion in ; to calm. 
 
 QuI'et-ism, n. Peace of 
 mind. " 
 
 Qui'et-ly, adv. Calmly. 
 
 QuPet-ness,n. State of being 
 quiet. [lity. 
 
 Qui'e-tude, n. Rest ; tranquil- 
 
 Qui-e'tus, 71. Final discharge ; 
 repose ; death. 
 
 Quill, n. A large strong 
 feather ; a piece of reed. — 
 V. t. To plait or form with 
 ridges, like quills. 
 
 Quilt, n. A padded cover for 
 a bed. — v. i. To stitch to- 
 gether with some warm sub- 
 stance between. 
 
 Qui'na-ry, a. Consisting of 
 five ; arranged by fives. 
 
 Quinge, «. A small tree and 
 its fruit. 
 
 Qui'mne, or Qui-mne', n. 
 An alkaloid obtained from 
 cinchona. 
 
 Quin^qua-ges'i-ma, n. A 
 Sunday about 50 days be- 
 fore Easter. [five angles. 
 uin-quan'gu-lar,a. Having 
 uin-quen'ni-al,- a. Occur- 
 ring once in five years. 
 
 Quin'sy, n. Inflammation of 
 the tonsils or throat. 
 
 Quintal, n. A weight of 100 
 or 112 pounds. 
 
 Quin'tan, n. A fever, the 
 paroxysms of which return 
 every fifth day. 
 
 Quin-tes'sence, n. Fifth or 
 highest essence ; best or es- 
 sential part. 
 
 Quin'tu-ple, a. Fivefold. — 
 V. t. To make fivefold. 
 
 Quip,«. A sarcastic taunt. — 
 1'. t. or i. (7) To taunt. 
 
 Quire, n. 24 sheets of paper. 
 
 Quirk, n. A sudden turn ; an 
 artful evasion ; a retort. 
 
 Quit, V. t. To leave ; to for- 
 sake. — a. Clear ; released ; 
 free ; absolved. 
 
 Quit'«laim, n. Relinquish- 
 ment of a claim ; a deed of 
 release. — v. t. To release or 
 relinquish a claim to by 
 deed. 
 
 Quite, adv. Entirely ; wholly ; 
 considerably. 
 
 Quit'rent, n. A rent by which 
 a tenant is discharged fiom 
 all other Fervice. 
 
 Quit'tange, n. Di.^ charge from, 
 a debt ; repaj n.ent. 
 
 Quiv'er, n. A ca.'e for arrows. 
 — V. i. To shake ; to trem- 
 ble, [extravagance. 
 
 euix-6t'i-e, a. Romantic to 
 uix'ct-i^m, n. Romantic 
 and tib.vurd notions. 
 Quiz (3, 7), n. A riddle; a 
 puzzle; an odd fellow. — 
 V. t. To puzzle ; to make 
 sport of by deceiving ; to 
 peer at. 
 
 Quoin (kwoin or koin), n. A 
 corner ; a wedge. 
 
 Quoit, n. A hor?e-shoe. flat 
 stone, or the like, for pitch- 
 ing at a fixed object. — i*. i. 
 To play at quoits. 
 
 Qu6n'd£m, a. Former. 
 
 Quo'rum, n. A bench of jus- 
 tices ; a sufiicient number 
 for transacting business. 
 
 Quo'ta, n. A share ; propor- 
 tional part. 
 
 Quo'ta-tle, a. Capable ot 
 being quoted. ' ^ 
 
 Quo-ta'tion, n. A passage 
 cited. 
 
 Quote, V. t. To cite, as the 
 words of another. 
 
 Quoth ( kwoth or kwuth), v. i. 
 To say ; to speak ; — UFed 
 only in the first and third 
 persons in the past tense. 
 
 Quo-tid'i-an, a. Occurring 
 daily. — n. A fever recur- 
 ring daily. 
 
 Quo'tient (-shent), n. Num^ 
 ber resulting from the divis- 
 ion of one number by an- 
 other. : 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, too, took ; iirn, I'lie, pnll ; f , ^, soft ; -e, g, hard; ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
RABBET 
 
 214 
 
 RANCH 
 
 E. 
 
 RAB'BET, V. t. To cut 
 or pare down, as the edge 
 of a board, for lapping. — 
 n. A groove in tiie side of 
 a bo ird. 
 Kab'bi (or-bl, 18), n. A Jew- 
 ish teacher or doctor of the 
 law. 
 
 Rab-bm'i-e, | a. Pertain- 
 
 Ilab-bm'i€-al, ) ing to rab- 
 bi ns, [iug animal. 
 
 Rab'bit, n. A small burrow- 
 
 Rab'ble, n. A tumultuous 
 crowd ; a mob. [mad. 
 
 Rab'id, n. Furious ; raging ; 
 
 Ka-e-eobn', n . A wild animal 
 of North America, alUed to 
 the bear. 
 
 Hage ( 18 ), n. A running in a 
 competition ; course ; a 
 breed ; a family ; a peculiar 
 flavor. — V. i. To run or 
 contend in running. 
 
 Hage'-horse, I n. A horse 
 
 Rag'er, ) kept for run- 
 
 ning in contest. 
 
 Ra-Qeme% ?i. A cluster of 
 flowers arranged along a 
 stem. [being racy. 
 
 Ra'Qi-ness, n. Quality of 
 
 K^k (5), n. An engine of 
 torture ; extreme pain ; a 
 framework on whicli thing.s 
 are laid ; thin, flying clouds. 
 — V. t. To torture ; to 
 ptrain ; to draw oIT from 
 the lees. — v. i. To move 
 or travel with a quick 
 amble. [noise. 
 
 Tlack'et, n. A clattering 
 
 iiack'-rent, n. An annual 
 rent raised to the utmost. 
 
 Ka'gy, «. Tasting of the 
 soil; fre.sh ; distinctive; pe- 
 culiar and piquant. 
 
 Ea'di-ance, n. Sparkling 
 brightness ; brilliancy. 
 
 Bydi-ant, a. Emitting rays. 
 
 Ra'di-atc, v. i. or t. To emit 
 rays. [rays 
 Ra^di-a'tion, n. Emission of 
 Ra'di-a^tor, n. A body from 
 
 which rays of light or heat | 
 emanate. 
 
 Rad'i-eal, a. Original ; im- 
 planted by nature. — n. 
 lioot of a word ; a thorough- 
 going reformer. 
 
 Rad'i-eal-ly, arJv. Original- 
 ly ; fundamentally. 
 
 Rad'i-ele (-kl), n. The part 
 of a seed which becomes a 
 root. 
 
 Rad'ish, n. A plant and its 
 
 pungent, edible root. 
 Ra'di-us, n. [pi. /"T^ 
 
 Ra'di-i.) Half of f /<± ^> 
 
 tlie diameter of a Vry ) 
 
 circle. 
 
 Ra'dix, M. {pi- Rad'- Radius. 
 i-Qe§.) A root. 
 
 Raff Sweepings; refuse. 
 
 Raf'fle, t*. i. To cast dice or 
 draw lots for a prize. — w. 
 A kind of lottery. 
 
 Raft, n. A float of timber. 
 
 Raft'er, n. One of the roof- 
 timbers of a building. 
 
 R^g, n. A torn piece of cloth ; 
 ( pi. ) worn-out garments. 
 
 Ras'a-muf/fin, n. A paltry 
 fellow ; a mean wretch. 
 
 Rage, n. Violent anger ; 
 fury ; wrath. — v. i. To be 
 in a fury ; to fume. 
 
 Rag'ged, a. Torn into tat- 
 ters ; dressed in tatters. 
 
 Rag'ing (11), a. Furious. 
 
 Ra-gput' ( ra-gcro/), n. A high- 
 ly seasoned dish. 
 
 Rail, n. A bar of wood or 
 iron ; a bird. — v. t. (8) To 
 inclose with rails. — r. /. To 
 utter reproach ; to scoff. 
 
 Rail'ing, n. Insulting lan- 
 guage ; a series of rails. 
 
 RaiJ'ier-y (nlKler-y), n. Ban- 
 ter ;'^u_g-ood-humored pleas- 
 antry^ or slight satire. 
 
 R^,iVr5ad, I n. A road laid 
 
 RaiT'w^/', 5 with iron rails. 
 
 Kai'm^nt, n. Clothing in 
 general ; garments. 
 
 Raki, n. Moisture falling in 
 
 drops. — V. i. To fall in drops 
 from the clouds , as water. 
 
 Rain'bow, n. A many-col- 
 ored arch formed by the 
 suivs rays in drops of rainj 
 the iris. 
 
 Rain^y, a. Attended or 
 aboi^nding with rain. 
 
 Raig^ei t'. t. To lift ; to erect; 
 ioexSite ; to levy. [grape, 
 
 Rai'sm^(ra.'zn), n. A dried 
 
 Rake , i^. A garden or farm- 
 ing to<:^l ; a libertine. — r. t. 
 To collect with a rake ; to 
 sweep with cannon. 
 
 Rak'ish,W. Lewd; debauched. 
 
 Ral'ly, Act of collecting 
 disordered troops ; banter. 
 — V. t. (13) To attack with 
 raillery ; to reunite. — v. i. 
 To come back to order. 
 
 RS,m, n. A male sheep ; a 
 mechanical contrivance. — 
 V. t. To drive or thrust 
 with violence. 
 
 Ram'ble, n. A wandering 
 about ; an irregular excur- 
 sion. — V. i. To rove hither 
 and thither. — Syn. To 
 roam ; range ; wander. 
 
 Ram'bling, a. Wandering. 
 
 Ram/i-fi-ea'tion, n. A 
 branching ; a subdivision. 
 
 Ram'i-fy, v.t.ori. To sep- 
 arate into branches, as the 
 stem of a plant : to branch. 
 
 Ram'mer, r». An instrument 
 for ramming or driving. 
 
 Ra-mcse', i a. Consisting or 
 
 Ra'mous, S full of branches; 
 branchy. 
 
 Ramp'an-Qy,«. Exuberance; 
 extravagance. 
 
 Ramp'ant, a. Exuberant ; 
 wanton ; unrestrained. 
 
 Ram'part, n. A wall or 
 mound round a place for de- 
 fense, [loading a gun. 
 
 Ram'rSd, n. A rod used in 
 
 Ran, imp. of Run. 
 
 Ran'cho, I n. A largo farm- 
 Ranch, j ing establish- 
 
 u, c, I, o, u, y, long / ii, e, i, o, tl, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, nil, whijt ; Ore, veil, term ; p^que, firm ; 
 
RANCHERO 
 
 215 
 
 RAVEN 
 
 ment, or an. establishment 
 for rearing cattle and horses. 
 
 Ran-che'ro (-chri^ro), n. A 
 Mexican peasant employed 
 on a rancho ; a herdsman. 
 
 Ean'Qld, a. Having a strong, 
 sour smell ; musty. 
 
 Ean-Qid'i-ty, I n. A strong, 
 
 Kan'gid-ness, j sour smell. 
 
 R^n'€or (33), n. Malignity ; 
 inveterate enmity. 
 
 Ean'€or-oiis, a. Very spite- 
 ful ; malignant ; malevolent. 
 
 ilan'd6m,n. Course without 
 definite direction. — a. Left 
 to chance ; done at hazard. 
 
 Sang, old imp. of Rin^. 
 
 Kange, n. A row ; rank ; ex- 
 cursion ; extent ; a cooking 
 apparatus. — v. t. To place 
 in order. — v. i. To rove at i 
 large ; to be placed in order, i 
 
 Eank, a. Strong-scented ; ; 
 hfgli-tasted ; luxuriant. — I 
 M. A line of men ; row ; 
 class ; order ; degree ; dig- 
 nity. — V. t. To place in a 
 line ; to dispose methodical- 
 ly. — V. i. To be ranged or 
 set ; to have a certain grade. 
 
 Eank'le, v. i. To become in- 
 flamed or violent ; to fester. 
 
 Ran's^ck (5), v. t. To search 
 thoroughly ; to pillage. 
 
 Ran'som, n. Price paid to 
 redeem a person or goods 
 from an enemy. — v. t. To 
 redeem, by a price. 
 
 Rant, n. Extravagant lan- 
 guage. — V. i. To rave. 
 
 Rant'er, n. A boisterous de- 
 claimer ; a noisy talker. 
 
 Rap, n. A quick, smart blow. 
 — V. i. or t. (7) To strike 
 with a quick, sharp blow. 
 
 Ra-pa'cious, a. Inclined to 
 
 t plunder ; greedy ; ravenous. 
 Ra-pag'i-ty, n. Disposition 
 to plunder ; exorbitant cov- 
 etousness. 
 Rape, n. A seizing by vio- 
 lence ; carnal knowledge by 
 force ; a kind of cabbage. 
 Rap'id, a. Swift ; quick. 
 Ra-pid'i-ty, n. Swiftness of 
 
 motion ; velocity ; haste. 
 Rap'id-ly, adv. Swiftly. 
 RS-p'id§, n . pi. Sudden de- 
 
 scent of a stream without 
 actual water fall. 
 
 Ra'pi-er, n. A light sword 
 with a very narrow blade. 
 
 Rap'ine, n. Act of plunder- 
 ing ; spoliation ; pillage. 
 
 Rap-pee', n. A kind of snuff. 
 
 Rap'per, n. One who raps ; 
 knocker of a door. 
 
 Rapt, a, Transported in ec- 
 stasy ; ravished. 
 
 Rapt'ure, n. Extreme joy ; 
 ecstasy ; bliss. 
 
 Ra,pt'ur-ous, a. Causing rapt- 
 ure ; ecstatic ; blissful. 
 
 Rare, a. Thin ; scattered ; 
 nearly raw ; underdone. 
 
 Rar^e-f^€'tion,«. Actor pro- 
 cess of rarefying ; expansion 
 of bodies. 
 
 R^r'e-fy, v. t. or i. To make 
 or become thin or rare. 
 
 Rare'ly, adv. Seldom ; not 
 often ; finely ; nicely. 
 
 Rarc'ness, I n. State of being 
 
 Rar'i-ty, j rare ; uncom- 
 monness ; tliinness. 
 
 Rare 'ripe, a. Early ripe. — 
 n. An early fruit. 
 
 Ras'eal, n. A dishonest man ; 
 a rogue. — a. Mean ; low ; dis- 
 honest. 
 
 Ras-eal'lion(-yun), w.. Alow, 
 mean wretch. 
 
 Ras-eal'i-ty, n. Mean dis- 
 honesty ; base fraud. 
 
 R5,s'-cal-ly, a. Like a rascal ; 
 dishonest ; trickish. 
 
 Rage, 1'. t. To erase. 
 
 Rash, a. Excessively hasty 
 or incautious; foolhardy. 
 
 Rash'er, n. A thin slice of 
 bacon, [thought; hastily. 
 
 Rash'ly, adv. AVithout fore- 
 
 Rash'ness, n. Inconsiderate 
 haste ; heedlessness. 
 
 Rasp, n. A kind of coarse 
 file ; a grater. — r. t. To 
 rub or grate with a rasp. 
 
 Rasp'ber-ry (nW-), n. A kind 
 of berry, and the shrub that 
 bears it. _ [ure. 
 
 Ra§'ure (razh''ijr), n. Eras- 
 Rat, 71. A well-known ani- 
 mal that infests houses. 
 
 Rat'a-fi'a,n. A fine spirituous 
 liquor, flavored with fruit. 
 
 R^tch'et, n. A bar that falls 
 
 into the teeth of a wheel or 
 rack ; a pawl. 
 
 Ratch'et-wheel, n. A toothed 
 wheel with a lever and ratch- 
 et for moving it forward. 
 
 Rate, n. A price ; degree ; 
 value ; tax. — v. t. To value ; 
 to tax ; to scold. 
 
 Rath'er, ac7i«. More willingly. 
 
 R^Vi-fi-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 ratifying, or sanctioning. 
 
 Rat'i-fy (13), V. t. To sanc- 
 tion ; to settle ; to confirm. 
 
 Ra'ti-O (ra'shl-o or ra^sho), 
 n. Proportion ; rate. 
 
 Ra,^ti-6Q'i-na'tion(riish/i-5s'- 
 T-), n. Act of reasoning. 
 
 Ra'tion {or nlsh^un), n. Al- 
 lowance of provisions. 
 
 Ra'tion-al (rtlsh/un-al), a. 
 Endowed with reason ; 
 agreeable to reason. 
 
 Raaion-a'le (rash^un-), n. 
 Detail of reasons. 
 
 R5,'tion-al-ist (rSsh/un-), n. 
 One who is guided solely by 
 reason. 
 
 Raaion-3.1'i-ty (rSsh/un-) n. 
 
 Quality of being reasonable. 
 R3,ts'bane, n. Poison for rats. 
 Rat- tan', n. Stem of a cane or 
 
 plant growing in India. 
 Rat'tirg, n. Act of deserting 
 i a party. 
 
 ! Rat'tle, f . To, make a rapid 
 succession of sh^rp sounds ; 
 to clatter. —n. A rapid 
 succession of sharp sound's ; 
 a toy ; {pi-) the croup. 
 
 Rat'tle-snake, n. A poison- 
 ous serpent. 
 
 Rau'gi-ty, n. Harshness of 
 sound ; hoarseness. 
 
 Rav'age, v. t. To lay waste. 
 
 — Syn. To devastate ; 
 waste ; sack ; spoil ; ruin. 
 
 — n. Waste; plunder. 
 Rave, 1'. i. To be delirious; 
 
 to talk wildly. 
 
 Rav'el (8), v. t. or t. To dis- 
 entangle ; to take apart ; to 
 entangle ; to involve. 
 
 Rave'lin (rtlv/lin), n. A de- 
 tached work in fortifi.cation. 
 
 Ra'ven (-vn),n. A bird of a 
 black color, allied to tho 
 crow, but larger. 
 
 Rav'en (rav'n), v. i. To de- 
 
 son, or, do, W9lf, to-Q, tdTok ; tirn, rije, pvill ; 9, soft ; €, g. hard; a£ ; exist ; as ng } &ii. 
 
KAYENOUS 
 
 21G 
 
 RECEIVER 
 
 vour greedily. — n. Prey ; 
 plunder ; rapine. 
 
 Rav'en-ous, a. Voracious. 
 
 Ra-vine' (-veenO, w. Along 
 hollow between hills. 
 
 Kav'ing, a. Furious. 
 
 Iia.v'ish, V. t. To carry away 
 by force ; to transport with 
 delight ; to know carnally by 
 force. [ishing ; ecstasy. 
 
 !Rav'ish-ment, n. Act of rav- 
 
 Eaw, a. Not cooked ; crude ; 
 unripe ; unmanufactured ; 
 cold and damp ; chilly ; bare 
 of skin ; sore. 
 
 Raw'boned, a. Having little 
 flesh on the bones. 
 
 Ray (18), n. A line or beam 
 of light ; a fish. — v. t. To 
 shoot forth. [dark. 
 
 Ray 'less, a. Without a ray ; 
 
 Raze, r. t. To lay level with 
 the ground; to demolish. 
 
 Ra-zee', n. A ship of war 
 cut down to an inferior rate. 
 — V. t. (15) To reduce in size, 
 as a vessel. [for shaving. 
 
 Ra'zor, n. An instrument 
 
 Reach, v. t. To extend to ; 
 to arpve at. — n. Extent ; 
 stretch ; expanse ; limit ; 
 power. [over again. 
 
 Re-3,*t', V. i. To act cr do 
 
 Re-a€'tion,n. Counteraction. 
 
 Re-5,<;t}'ive, I a. Having 
 
 Re-3.€'tion-r ry, ) power to 
 react ; tending to reaction. 
 
 Read, v. t. or [imp. & p. p. 
 RE A V. ( red ). ] To peruse •, to 
 knew fully ; to learn. 
 
 Read'a-ble, a. Fit to be read ; 
 worth reading ; legible. 
 
 Read'er, n. One who reads. 
 
 R6ad'i-lir, adv. Quickly ; 
 with facility ; promptly. 
 
 R6ad'i-i?tess, n. Willingness ; 
 promptitude; alacrity. 
 
 Readying, n. Perusal ; in- 
 terpretation of a passage. 
 
 Re^ad-mis'sion (-mish/un), 
 n. Act of readmitting. 
 
 Re'ad-mit' {l),v. t. To ad- 
 mit a second time or again. 
 
 RSad'y , a. Prepared ; willing ; 
 prompt ; near ; easy ; on the 
 point or brink. 
 
 Re'al, a. Having positive ex- 
 istence ; relating to things 
 
 fixed or permanent. — SyN. 
 Actual ; true ; genuine. 
 
 Re-al'i-ty, n. Certainty ; 
 that which is real. 
 
 Re^al-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 realizing, or making real. 
 
 Re'al-ize, v. t. To bring into 
 being or act ; to cause to 
 seem real ; to make real ; to 
 understand by experience. 
 
 Re'al-ly, acZv. In fact; truly. 
 
 Realm, n. A royal jurisdic- 
 tion ; province ; domain. 
 
 Ream, n. A bundle of 20 
 quires of paper. 
 
 Re-an'i-mate,t;. t. To restore 
 to life. 
 
 Reap (8), v. t. or i. To cut 
 grain with a sickle ; to ob- 
 tain ; to get ; to receive. 
 
 Reap'er, n. One who reaps. 
 
 Re'ap-pear', v. i. To appear 
 a second time or again. 
 
 Re/ap-point', v. t. To ap- 
 point again. 
 
 Rear, n. The part behind. 
 — a. Hindmost. — v.t. To 
 raise ; to bring c^. — v.i. To 
 , rise up on the hind legs. 
 
 Rear'-ad'mi-ral, n. An offi- 
 cer next in rank after a vice- 
 admiral. 
 
 Rear'-guard, n. The body 
 that marches in the rear. 
 
 Rear'ward, n. The rear- 
 guard ; latter part ; end. 
 
 Rea'gon (-zn), n. Faculty of 
 judging, or its due exercise; 
 motive ; argument ; ground ; 
 end ; cause. — v. To argue 
 rationally ; to debate. 
 
 Rea'§on-a-ble, n. Governed 
 by reason ; rational ; just. 
 
 Rea'§on-a-bly, adv. Agree- 
 ably to reason ; moderately. 
 
 Rea'son-er, n. One who rea- 
 sons or argues. 
 
 Rea'gon-ing, n. Act of using 
 the faculty of reason. 
 
 Re^as-sume', V. t. To assume 
 again ; to resume. 
 
 Re'as-sure' (-shiirO, v. t. To 
 assure again ; to free from 
 fear. [duction. 
 I Re-bate', n. Abatement; de- 
 I Re'be-e, n. A musical instru- 
 I ment formerly in use. 
 ! Reb'el, n. One who opposes 
 
 lawful authority. — a. Act- 
 ing in revolt ; rebellious. 
 
 Re-bel'(7), v. i. To rise in 
 opposition to lawful au- 
 thority ; to revolt. 
 
 Re-bell'ion (-yun), n. Open 
 opposition to lawful author- 
 ity. 
 
 Re-bell'ious, a. Engaged in 
 rebellion. 
 
 Re-bound', v. i. To spring 
 or start back. — n. Act of 
 springing back. 
 
 Re-buff, n. A sudden check. 
 — V. t. To check suddenly. 
 
 Re-buke', v. t. To chide; to 
 reprove. — n. Reproof. 
 
 Re'bus (18), n. A kind of 
 pictorial riddle. 
 
 Re-but', V. t. To repel. 
 
 Re-but'ter, n. Answer of a 
 defendant to a plaintiff's sur- 
 rejoinder. 
 
 Re-call', V. t. To call or take 
 back. — n. A calling back ; 
 revocation. 
 
 Re-eant', v. t. To retract an 
 opinion or declaration. 
 
 Re^-ean-ta'tion, n. Act of re- 
 canting ; retraction. 
 
 Re^-ea-pit'u-late, v.t. To re- 
 peat in a summary way. — 
 Syn. To reiterate ; rehearse. 
 
 Re/^a-pit^u-la'tion, n. A 
 summary ; a recapitulating. 
 
 Re^-ea-pifu-la-to-ry, a. Re- 
 peating again. 
 
 Re-e5p'tion, n. A reprisal. 
 
 Re-€^pt'ure, n. Act of re- 
 taking ; a prize retaken. — 
 V. t. To retake, 
 
 Re-€ast', V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 RECAST.] To cost or mold 
 a second time. 
 
 Re-gede', v. i. or t. To draw 
 back ; to retreat ; to desist. 
 
 Re-Qeipt' (-seef), n- Recep- 
 tion ; a writing to show that 
 something has been re- 
 ceived. — V t. To give a 
 written acknowledgment for 
 something received. 
 "Re-geiv'a-ble (11), a. Capa- 
 ble of being received. 
 
 Re-geive', v. t. To take, as 
 something that is offered. 
 
 Re-geiv'er, n. One who re- 
 ceives ; a chemical vessel. 
 
 a, 5, 1, o, u, y, long ; .'i, e, i , o, ti, ^ , short ; care, car, usk, all, wh:it ; ere, vgil, tCrm ; pique, iTrm ; 
 
RECENCY 
 
 217 
 
 RECRIMINATION 
 
 Re'gen-Qy, n. State of being 
 recent ; newness ; freshness. 
 
 Re-gen'sion, n. Examina- 
 tion ; editorial review of a 
 text; an edited version. 
 
 Re'gent, a. New ; late ; fresh. 
 
 Re'Qent-ly, adv. Newly ; 
 lately. 
 
 Re-Qep'ta-€le, n. A place to 
 receive things in. 
 
 Re-Qep'tion, n. Act of re- 
 ceiving ; admission. 
 
 Re-Q8p'tive, a. Having the 
 quality of receiving. 
 
 Re-gSss', n. A withdrawing ; 
 privacy ; retreat ; intermis- 
 sion or suspension ; a niche 
 or alcove. 
 
 Re-g3S'sion(-s6sh''un),n. Act 
 of ceding back. 
 
 Re-charge', v. t. To charge 
 or attack anew. 
 
 Recherch6 (ru-shar^sha'), a. 
 Sought out with care ; nice. 
 
 R§g'i-pe, n. A prescription ; 
 esp., a medical prescription. 
 
 Re-^ip'i-ent, n. One who re- 
 ceives ; a receiver. 
 
 Re-gip'ro-eal, a. Mutually 
 interchangeable; acting in 
 return ; given and received. 
 
 Re-gip'ro-cal-ly, adv. So 
 that each affects and is af- 
 fected by the other. 
 
 Re-gip'ro-€ate, v. t. or i. To 
 act by turns ; to alternate. 
 
 Re-gip^ro-€a'tion, n. A giv- 
 ing and receiving in return. 
 
 R§g'i-pr6g'i-ty,n. Reciprocal 
 
 t obligations, advantages, or 
 rights. 
 
 Re-git'al (11), n. Repetition 
 of words of another, or of a 
 writing. — Syn. Rehearsal ; 
 recitation ; account. 
 
 Reg'i-ta'tion, n. Rehearsal ; 
 repetition ; a public reading. 
 
 Reg'i-ta-tive', n. A kind of 
 musical recitation. 
 
 Re-gite', v. t. or i. To tell 
 over ; to repeat ; to rehearse. 
 
 Reck'less, a. Careless of 
 consequences ; heedless. 
 
 RS^k'on (rek'n), v. To num- 
 ber ; to compute ; to esteem. 
 
 Re-ek'on-ing, n. Computa- 
 tion : bill of expenses. 
 
 Re-€laim', v. t. To recover ; 
 
 to reform ; to restore to use, 
 as submerged land. 
 
 Re-€laim'ant, n. One who 
 reclaims. 
 
 Re€'la-ma'tion, w. Recovery ; 
 demand of something to be 
 restored. [reclining. 
 
 Re€'li-na'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Re-eline', v. t. or i. To lean 
 back ; to rest ; to repose. 
 
 Re-€liise', a. Living in re- 
 tirement ; soHtary. — n. One 
 who lives in retirement from 
 society. [tirement. 
 
 Re-elu'§ion, «. State of re- 
 
 Re-e'og-ni'tion (-nlsh'un), n. 
 Act of recognizing ; ac- 
 knowledgment ; avowal. 
 
 R§€'og-mz''a-ble, or Re- 
 ■e6g'ni-za-ble, a. Capable of 
 being recognized. 
 
 Re-€6g'ni-z§,nge, n. Bond 
 of record ; an obligation. 
 
 Re€'og-nIze, v. t. To know 
 again ; to acknowledge. 
 
 Re-ooil', V. i. To start or fall 
 back. — n. A movement 
 backward ; resilience. 
 
 Re-e'ol-16€t', v. t. To recall 
 or bring to mind. 
 
 Re^€ol-le-ct', V. t. To collect 
 again. 
 
 Re€'ol-le-e'tion, n. A recall- 
 ing ; remembrance. 
 
 Re'€oni-inenge', v. t. To 
 commence or begin anew. 
 
 Re€/om-mgnd', f. t. To com- 
 mend to the favorable notice 
 of another ; to praise ; to ad- 
 vise. 
 
 Re€'om-mend-a'tion,n. Act 
 of praising ; that which com- 
 mends to favor ; commenda- 
 tion ; act of advising. 
 
 R9€'om-inend'a-to-ry, a. 
 Serving to recommend. 
 
 Re'-eom-mit', v. t. To commit 
 anew. 
 
 Re'-com-mit'ment, ( n. A 
 
 Re'-com-mit'tal, f second 
 or renewed commitment. 
 
 Re-e'om-pense, n. Reward ; 
 compensation; pay. — v. t. 
 To repay ; to reward . 
 
 Re'-eom-pose',i'. To com- 
 pose anew"; to settle anew. 
 
 Re-e'on-gTPa-ble. a. Capable 
 I of being reconciled. 
 
 R6€'on-gile', v, t. To con- 
 ciliate anew ; to make cou- 
 sistent ; to adjust ; to settle. 
 
 Re€'on-giPi-a'tion, n. Re- 
 neNval of friendship 
 
 Re€'on-dite, a. Secret ; hid- 
 den ; abstruse ; profound. 
 
 Re-€6n'nais-sange, I n. Ex- 
 
 Re-e6n'nois-sange, ) amina- 
 tion of a tract of country, 
 usually for warlike pur- 
 poses. 
 
 Re^€on-noi'ter, v. t. To sur- 
 vey ; to view ; to examine. 
 
 Re-e6n'quer (-konk/er), v. t. 
 To ("onquer again ; to re- 
 cover ; to regain. 
 
 Re'eon-sid'er, v. t. To con- 
 tider again ; to review. 
 
 Re/-eon-sid''er-a'tion, w. Re- 
 newed consideration. 
 
 Re-cord', v. t. To register ; 
 to enroll. 
 
 Re€'ord, n. Register ; au- 
 thentic memorial. 
 
 Re-c6rd'er, n. One who re- 
 cords or keeps records. 
 
 Re-count', v. t. To relate in 
 detail ; to rehearse. 
 
 Re-course', n. Application, 
 as for help. 
 
 Re-c6v'er (-kuv/er). v. t. To 
 regain ; to win back. — v. i. 
 To regain health. 
 
 Re-€6v'er-a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being recovered. 
 
 Re-eov'er-y, n. Act of re- 
 covering; restoration. 
 
 Re€'re-ant, a. Apostate ; 
 false ; cowardly. — n. An 
 apostate ; a coward. 
 
 Re€'re-ate, v. t. To refresh, 
 after labor ; to amuse. 
 
 Re-'-ere-ate', v. t.* To creat^^ 
 or form anew. 
 
 Ree're-a'tion, n. Amuse-:;, 
 ment ; relief from toil. 
 
 Re-c're-ment, n. Refuse ; 
 dross ; scoria. 
 
 Re-c^re-menfal ) 
 
 Re-e^re-men-ti'tious ) 
 (-tish'us), a. Drossy; su- 
 perfluous. 
 
 Re-€rim'i-nate, v. t. To ac- 
 cuse in return. 
 
 Re-crim''i-na'tion, n. Return v; 
 of one accusation with an-, 
 other ; a counter-accusation. 
 
 Bon, or, dg, W9lf, tcTo, took ; tirn, rjje, pi^ll ; 9, soft ; g, Jmrd ; ; exist ; a as ng ; this* 
 
BECRIMINATOEY 
 
 218 
 
 EEFINED 
 
 E,e-«rim'i-na''to-ry, a. Re- 
 torting accusation. 
 
 Be-cruit', i- To gain new 
 supplies of anything wasted. 
 — f. t. To supply deficiency 
 in, as of troops. — n. A new- 
 ly-enlisted soidier. 
 
 Ee€t'an-gle, n. A i I 
 
 right angled par- I I 
 
 allelogram. Rectangle. 
 
 Re€t-an'gu-lar, a. Having 
 right angles. [correcting. 
 
 Re-c^ti-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Re€'ti-fy ( 18), v. t. To cor- 
 rect; to refine by repeated 
 distillation. 
 
 RSeai-iin'e-al, 1 a. Consist- 
 
 Re€'ti-lin'e-ar, ) ing of 
 right lines. 
 
 E,e€'ti-tude, «. Uprightness. 
 
 Re^J'tor, n. A minister of a 
 parish ; ruler or governor. 
 
 Rec'tor-ship, n. The rank or 
 office of a rector. 
 
 Re^'tor-y, n. The mansion 
 of a rector ; a parish 
 church. 
 
 Re€'tum, n. The terminal 
 part of the large intestines. 
 
 Re-eum'ben-gy, n. A lying 
 down ; repose. 
 
 Re-eum'bent, a. Reclining ; 
 leaning. 
 
 Re-cu'per-ate, i;. To recover 
 health. 
 
 Re-eu'per-a-tive, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or tending to, recov- 
 ery. 
 
 Re-eur' (7), v.i. To resort ; 
 to return again or repeated- 
 ly ; to come back. 
 
 Re-eur'renge, n. A recur- 
 ring; return ; resort, [back, 
 e-eur'rent, a. Running 
 
 Re-cu'sant, a. Refusing to 
 conform. — n. One who re- 
 fuses to conform to the es- 
 tablished church. 
 
 Red, a. Of a bright color ; like 
 blood. — n. Color of blood, 
 or a tint resembling it. 
 
 Re-dan', n. A kind of ram- 
 part or fortification. 
 
 Red'den, v. t. or ?. To make 
 or grow red ; to blush. 
 
 Rcd'dish, a. Somewhat red. 
 
 Re-decm', t. To i)urch;iso 
 bade ; to ransom ; to rescue. 
 
 Re-deem'er, n. One who ran- 
 soms ; specifically the Savior. 
 
 Re-demp'tion, n . Act of re- 
 deeming ; repurchase ; ran- 
 som ; rescue; deliverance. 
 
 Red'-gum, n. An eruption 
 of red pimples in children. 
 
 R6d'-h6t, a. Heated to red- 
 ness, [new. 
 
 Re-din'te-grate, v. t. To re- 
 
 Red'ness,w. The quality of 
 being red ; red color. 
 
 Red'o-ienge, n. Sweet scent. 
 
 Red'o-lent, a. Diffusing a 
 sweet scent ; odorous. 
 
 Re-doub'ie (-dtib/1), v. t. To 
 increase by doubling. 
 
 Re-doubt' (-dowt/j, n. An 
 outwork within another out- 
 work in fortifications. 
 
 Re-doubt'a-ble (-dowt^-), a. 
 Formidable ; valiant. 
 
 Re-dound', v. i. To conduce. 
 
 Re-dress', c. t. To set right ; 
 to deliver from wrongs, &c 
 — n. Deliverance from 
 wrong or injury. 
 
 Red'top, n. A kind of grass. 
 
 Re-duge', v. t. To convert ; 
 to lower ; to subdue ; to 
 change without alteration 
 of value. 
 
 Re-du'gi-ble, a. Capable of 
 being reduced. 
 
 Re-du.€'tion, n. Act of re- 
 ducing; the changing of 
 numbers from one denomi- 
 nation to another without 
 altering their value. 
 
 Re-du-e'tive, a. Tending, or 
 having power, to reduce, 
 
 Re-dun'dange, n. Superflu- 
 ous quantity ; excess. 
 
 Re-dun'dant,a. Superabun- 
 dant ; exuberant. 
 
 Re-du'pli-eate, v. t. To re- 
 double ; to multiply ; to re- 
 peat the first letter or letters 
 of. [redoubling. 
 
 Re-du^pli-€a'tion, n. Act of 
 
 Rc-e€h'o, V. t: or i. To echo 
 back again. 
 
 Reed, n. A hollow jointed 
 stalk ; a musical pipe. 
 
 Keed'y, a. Full of reeds. 
 
 Reef, r . t. To draw in and fold 
 up, as sails. — n. Folded 
 portion of a sail ; a chain of 
 
 rocks lying at or near the 
 surface of water. 
 
 Reek, n. Steam ; vapor 
 smoke. — v. i. To send forth 
 steam or vapor. 
 
 Reek'y, a. Smoky ; dark. 
 
 Reel, n. A frame to v.iud yarn 
 or thread on ; a dance. — 
 V. To wind on a reel ; to 
 stagger. [again. 
 
 Re/-e-l8€t', V. t. To elect 
 
 Re''-e-le-e'tion,n. A second or 
 repeated election. 
 
 Re'-em-bark', v. t. ori. To 
 embark again. [anew. 
 
 Re''-e-na€t', v. t. To enact 
 
 Re^-en-a-efment, n. The re- 
 newal of a law. 
 
 Re'-en- forge', v. t. To 
 strengthen with new force. 
 
 Re^-en-forge'ment, «. Addi- 
 tional supply, particularly 
 of troops and ships. 
 
 Re/-en-gage',r. t. To engage 
 a second time. [again. 
 
 Re^-en-list', v. To enlist 
 
 Re-en'ter, v. t. To enter 
 again. 
 
 Re-en'trange, n. Act of en- 
 tering again. 
 
 Re^-es-tab'lish, i\ t. To es- 
 tablish again. 
 
 Reeve, v. t. To pass the end 
 of, as of a rope, through a 
 block, thimble. &c. 
 
 Re^-ex-am'ine, r. To ex- 
 amine again or anew. 
 
 Re-fS€'tion,n. Refreshment; 
 a simple repast. 
 
 Re-fe€'to-ry, n. A hall or 
 room for refreshment. 
 
 Re-fer' (7), r. or To send 
 back ; to direct attention ; 
 to have recourse. 
 
 Ref'er-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being referred ; assignable. 
 
 Ref/er-ee' (18), n. One to 
 whom something is referred. 
 
 Ref er-enge, n. Act of refer- 
 ring ; respect; relation. 
 
 R§f/er-gn'tial, a. Containing 
 a reference. 
 
 Re-fSr'ri-ble, a. Capable of 
 being referred ; referable. 
 
 Re-fine',^'. t. or i. To clear 
 from impurities ; to polish ) 
 to purify ; to grow pure. 
 
 Re-fined', a. Freed fc^m ex- 
 
 a, 5, 1, o, u, y,long ; a, e, I, 6, Q, y, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh.at ; Cre, veil, tCrm ; pique, firm; 
 
REFINEMENT 
 
 219 ' REGULATION 
 
 traneous matter. — Syn. Pu- 
 rified ; polished ; polite. 
 
 Ke-fme'ment, n. Act of re- 
 fining ; polish of manners. 
 
 Re-im'er, n. One who, or 
 that which, refines. 
 
 Re-f in'er-y, n. A place and 
 apparatus for refining. 
 
 Re-fit', r. t. or i. To repair. 
 
 Re-fle€t', V. To bend or 
 throw back ; to consider at- 
 tentively ; to cast reproach. 
 
 Re-fle€'tion(27), n. Act of re- 
 flecting; attentive consider- 
 ation ; censure ; that which 
 is produced by reflecting. 
 
 Re-fle-et'ive, a. Throwing 
 back ima;^es ; musing. 
 
 Rc-fle-ct'or, n. That which 
 reflects ; a polished surface. 
 
 Re'flex, a. Directed back- 
 ward ; retroactive. [back. 
 
 Eef'lu-enre, n. A flowing 
 
 Re'fliix, n. A flowing back of 
 water ; ebb. 
 
 Re -form', v. t. To correct ; 
 to amend. — n. Amend- 
 ment ; reformation. 
 
 Re-f 3rm', v. t. To form anew. 
 
 Rcf/or-ma'tion, 7?. Act of re- 
 forming ; amendment. 
 
 Re^for-ma'tion, n. Act of 
 forming anew. 
 
 Re-form'a-to-ry, a. Tending 
 to produce reformation. 
 
 Re-form'er, n. One who pro- 
 motes reform. 
 
 Re-fra-ct', V. t. To break the 
 direct course of. 
 
 Re-fra€'tion, h. Deviation 
 from a direct course. 
 
 Re-fra-et'ive,a. Uavingpow- 
 er to refract. [nacy. 
 
 Re-fra€'to-ri-ness, w. Obsti- 
 
 Re-fra€'to-ry, a. Perverse ; 
 obstinate ; contumacious. 
 
 Ref'ra-ga-ble, a. Capable of 
 being refuted ; refutable. 
 
 Re-frain', v. t. or i. To ab- 
 stain ; to forbear. — n. Bur- 
 den of a song. 
 Re-fran/gi-bil'i-ty,M. Capa- 
 bility of being refracted. 
 Re-fran'gi-ble,a. Capable of 
 
 being refracted. 
 Re-frssh', v. c To revive ; to 
 cool ; to relieve. [cooling. 
 Re-fresh'ing, a. Reviving ; 
 
 Re-frgsh'ment, n. Act of j 
 
 refreshing : that which re- j 
 freshes ; relief ; rest; food. ! 
 
 Re-frig'er-ate, v. t. To cool. I 
 
 Re-frig'er-a'tion, n. A cool- ^ 
 ing : abatement of heat. 
 
 Re-frig'er-a'tor, n. A tight 
 box for keeping things cool i 
 by means of ic e. | 
 
 Re-frig'er-a-to-ry, a. Cool- 
 ing ; mitigating heat. | 
 
 Refuge, n. A shelter from 
 danger : asylum ; sanctuary,' 
 expedient to secure protec- j 
 tion or defense. i 
 
 Ref'u-gee' (18), n. One who ' 
 flees for safety to a foreign 
 power or country. ' 
 
 Ee-ful'gen^e, \n. A flood 
 
 Re-ful'gen-Qy, I of light. < 
 
 Re-ful'gent, a. Casting a 
 bright light ; splendid ; ra- 
 diant, [to repay. 
 
 Re-fund', v. t. To pay back ; 
 
 Re-fu'sal, n. Act of refusing ; 
 denial ; rejection ; right of 
 choice ; option. 
 
 Re-fu§e', V t. To deny ; to 
 reject. — V. i. To decline to 
 accept some thing ofiered. 
 
 Refuse, n. Worthless re- 
 mains. — a. Rejected ; worth- 
 less ; of no value, [futing. 
 
 Ref/u-ta'tion, n. Act of re- 
 
 Re-fute', V. t. To prove false. 
 
 Re-gain', v. t. To obtain 
 again ; to recover. 
 
 Re'gal,a. Royal; kingly. 
 
 Re-gale', r. /. To refresh ; to 
 entertain delightfully. 
 
 Re-ga'li-a, v . pL Ensigns of 
 royalty, as the crown, scep- 
 ter, &c. ; insignia. 
 
 Re-gal'i-ty, n. Royalty. 
 
 Re'gal-ly, adv. As befits a 
 sovereign ; royally. 
 
 Re-gard', v. t. To observe ; 
 to'heed ; to esteem. — n. At- 
 tention ; esteem ; eminence. 
 
 Re-gard'less, a. Heedless ; 
 
 careless ; indifferent. 
 Re-gat'ta, n. A rowing 
 
 match ; a boat-race. 
 Re'gen-gy, n. Government by 
 
 a reirent. 
 Re-f 6n'er-ate, v. t. To pro- 
 duce finew ; to renew as to 
 the spiritual nature. 
 
 Re-gen'er-ate, a. Born 
 
 anew ; renewed. 
 Re-gen'er-a'tion, n. The 
 
 new birth; reproduction. 
 Re-gen'er-a-tive,a. Pertain- 
 ing to regeneration. 
 Re'gent,. n . One who governs 
 in the place of a king; a 
 ruler. — a. Ruling. 
 Reg'i-cide, n. The killer or 
 
 the killing of a king. 
 Regime (ra-zhemi/), w. Mode 
 of rule or management ; ad- 
 ministration. 
 Reg'i-men, w. Aruleofdiet; 
 
 ( Gram.) government. 
 Reg'i-ment, «. A body of 
 
 troops under a colonel. 
 Reg'i-ment'al, a. Belonging 
 
 to a regiment. 
 Reg'i-ment'alg. n. pi. The 
 
 uniform of a regiment. 
 Re'gicn (rC'jun),w. A tract 
 
 of land ; a countr}'. 
 Reg'is-ter, n. A catalogue ; 
 list ; record ; keeper of a 
 record ; a sliding plate in a 
 stove, &c. — V. t. To re- 
 cord ; to enroll, 
 j Reg'is-trsr, n. An officer 
 I who keeps public records. 
 Reg'is-tra'ticn, n. Act of 
 registering ; enrollment. 
 I Reg'is-try,n. A registering ; 
 i record. [ing. 
 
 Reg'nant, a. Reigning : rul- 
 j Re'gress, n. Return ; power 
 
 of returning. 
 I Re-gres'sicn (-gresh/un), n. 
 ! Act of passingback ; return. 
 Re-gret', n. Pain of mind at 
 something causing imhnppi- 
 ness ; sorrow for the past. 
 — Syn. Remorse: repent- 
 ance. — V. t. To feel sorrow 
 for ; to lamient the loss of. 
 Reg'u-lar, a. Agreeable to 
 rule ; stated ; orderly ; nor- 
 mal. — n. A soldier of a per- 
 manent or standing army. 
 Reg^u-lar'i-ty, n. Certain 
 order ; m.ethod ; uniformity. 
 Reg'u-lar-ly, adv. Statedly. 
 Reg'u-late, v. t. To adji^st by 
 rule, method, or established 
 mode : to n^ethodize. 
 Reg^u-la'ticn, v. Act of reg- 
 ulating : prescribed rule. J 
 
 son, or, do, W9lf, too, took ; vim, rije, pi,ill ; f , soft ; -c, g, hard ; ; exist ; n as ng ; tliis. 
 
REGULATOR 
 
 220 
 
 REMEMBRANCE 
 
 Rgg'u-la^tor, n. He who, or 
 that which, regulates. 
 
 Re-gur'gi-tate, r. t. To 
 throw or pour back. 
 
 Ee^ha-bil'i-tate, v. t. To re- 
 store to a forfeited right or 
 rank ; to reinstate. 
 
 Re/ha-biM-ta'tion, n. Res- 
 toration to former rights. 
 
 Re-hears'al, n. Recital; pre- 
 paratory repetition. 
 
 Re-hearse/, v. t. To narrate ; 
 to recite before exhibition. 
 
 Reign (ran), n. Royal author- 
 ity or government ; preva- 
 lence ; controlling influence. 
 — V. I. To rule. 
 
 Re^im-burse', V. To repay. 
 
 Re'im-burse'ment, n. A re- 
 funding ; repayment. 
 
 Rein (r;ui), n. Strap of a bri- 
 dle ; restraint, — v. t. To 
 guide or govern by a bridle ; 
 to restrain, 
 
 Rein'deerfran^-), ^^^g- 
 n. An animal of t^T^^^ 
 the deer kind. ^^if^f^ 
 
 Reins, n. pi. The '^^^^ 
 kidneys. ^ . 7 
 
 ReWtate',t;.i. R^^^^eer. 
 To replace in possession. 
 
 Re^in-sure' (-shijr/), '>^- t. To 
 insure by other underwrit- 
 ers. 
 
 Re-it'er-ate, v. t. To repeat ; 
 to do again. [tion. 
 
 Re-it'er-a'tion, n. Repeti- 
 
 Re-ject', V. t. To cast off; to 
 discard ; to refuse. [ing- 
 
 Re-.ie€'tion, w. Act of reject- 
 
 Ke-joige', i. or t. To be or 
 make very glad ; to gladden. 
 
 Re-joig'ing, n. Expression of 
 joy ; exultation. [again. 
 
 Re-join', r. t. or i. To join 
 
 Re join'der, n. An answer ; 
 esp. an answer to a reply. 
 
 Re-ju've-nate, v. t. To ren- 
 der young again. 
 
 R3-ju^ve-nSs'QenQe, n. A 
 being young again, 
 I Re-km'dle, v. t. To kindle 
 
 ag.iin ; to rouse anew. 
 I Re-lapse', v. i. To fall back; 
 
 to return to a former state. 
 ) — n. A falling back, 
 1 Re-late', v. t. To tell ; to re- 
 cite. — v.i. To pertain. 
 
 Re-la'tiOn, n. Act of relat- 
 ing ; narrative of facts ; any 
 connection established ; 
 kindred. [being related. 
 
 Re-la'tion-ship, n. State of 
 
 Rel'a-tive, a. Having rela- 
 tion ; respecting. — n. One 
 connected by blood or affin- 
 ity ; that which relates to 
 something else. 
 
 R61'a-tive-iy (10), nriv. With 
 relation to something else. 
 
 Re-lax', V. t. or i. To slack- 
 en ; to remit in severity. 
 
 Re^lax-a'tion, n. A slacken- 
 ing ; relief from laborious or 
 painful duties. 
 
 Re-lay', n. Horses at certain 
 stations to relieve others. — 
 V. t To lay again. 
 
 Re-lease', 1'. ^. To free from 
 restraint or obligation ; to 
 let go, as a legal claim. — n. 
 Liberation from restraint of 
 any kind ; a claim. 
 
 Rel'e-gate, v. t. To consign ; 
 to remand, [exile. 
 
 RePe-ga'tion, n. Removal ; 
 
 Re-lent', v. i. To become 
 more mild or tender. 
 
 Re-lent'less, fi. Unmoved by 
 pity ; insensible to distress. 
 
 Rel'e-vange, j n. State of 
 
 Rel'e-van-Qy, ) being rele- 
 vant ; pertinence. 
 
 Rel'e-vant, a. Pertinent ; ap- 
 plicable. 
 
 Re-ll'a-ble, a. Suitable or fit 
 to be relied on or trusted. 
 
 Re-li'anQ9, n. Trust ; depend- 
 ence ; confidence. 
 
 R§l'i<j (5), n. Remains ; a 
 dead body ; a memorial. 
 
 Rel'i€t, n, A widow. 
 
 Re-lief , n. Aid ; alleviation ; 
 prominence of a figure, as 
 in sculpture. 
 
 Re lieve', v. t. To ease ; to 
 help ; to succor ; to aid. 
 
 Re-lie'vo, n. Prominence or 
 projection offigures in sculp- 
 ture or painting, 
 
 Re-lig'ion (-lij/un),M, A sys- 
 tem of faith and worship; 
 pious practice ; piety. 
 
 Re-lig'ion-ist (-lij/un-), n. A 
 bigot or devotee, 
 
 Re-lig'ious(-lij/us), a. Pious; 
 
 godly ; devotional ; pertain* 
 ing to religion. 
 
 Re-lig'ious-ly (-lij/us-), adv. 
 Piously ; sacredly ; exactly. 
 
 Re-lin'quish (-link^wish), v. 
 t. To withdraw from ; to 
 give up ; to resign ; to re- 
 nounce ; to abandon ; to 
 quit. [of relinquishing. 
 
 Re-lin'quish-ment, n. Act 
 
 Rel'i-qua-ry, n. A email 
 chest, box, or casket, in 
 which relics are kept. 
 
 Rel'ish, n. A pleasing taste ; 
 flavor. — V. t. To give flavor 
 to. — V. i. To have a pleas- 
 ant flavor. 
 
 Re-lu€'tanQe,n. UnwilHng- 
 ness ; aversion ; repugnance. 
 
 Re-lu€'tant. a. Averse ; un- 
 willing ; loth ; disinclined ; 
 granted unwillingly. 
 
 Re-lu-e'tant-ly, adv. With 
 unwillingness. [fide. 
 
 Re-ly', V. i. To rest or con- 
 
 Re-made', imp. & p. p. of 
 Remake. 
 
 Re-main', t'. i. To continue; 
 to be left. [left. 
 
 Re-main'der, n. Any thing 
 
 Re-main§', n. pi. What is 
 left ; relics. 
 
 Re-m^nd', v.t. To send or 
 call back ; to recommit. 
 
 Re-mark', n. An observa- 
 tion ; notice ; mention ; com- 
 ment. — v.t. To observe ; 
 to note ; to express in words. 
 
 Re-miirk'a-ble, a. Worthy 
 of note ; wonderful. 
 
 Re-mark'a-bly, adv. In an 
 unusual manner. 
 
 Re-me'di-a-ble, a. Capable 
 of remedy ; curable. 
 
 Re-me'di-al, a. Affording, or 
 designed to afford, a remedy. 
 
 Re-mM'i-less, or Rem'i-di- 
 less, a. Admitting no cure. 
 
 Rem'e-dy (19), w. That which 
 is adapted to cure, or which 
 counteracts an evil. — v.t. 
 To cure ; to-restore to sound- 
 ness, health, &c. ; to repair. 
 
 Re-mSm'ber, v. t. To have 
 or keep in mind ; to call to 
 mind ; to recollect. 
 
 Re-mem'brance, n. Reten- 
 tion in mind ; recollection. 
 
 , j^, short ; care, ciir, ask, ftll, whf^t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
REMEMBRANCER 
 
 221 
 
 REPINE 
 
 Re-mgm'bran-ger, n. One 
 -who, or that which, re- 
 minds; a memento. 
 
 Ee-mmd', v. t. To put in 
 mind or remembrance. 
 
 Rgm/i-nis'QenQe,M. Recollec- 
 tion ; remembered incidents. 
 
 Re-miss', a. Slack ; negli- 
 gent, [being remitted. 
 
 Re-mis'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 Re-mis'sion (-mish/un), n. 
 Pardon ; discharge from 
 what is due ; diminution of 
 intensity. 
 
 Re-miss'ly, adv. Negligently. 
 
 Re-miss'ness, n. Negligence. 
 
 Re-mit', v. t. To send, as 
 money ; to give up ; to re- 
 sign. — V. i. To abate in 
 force or violence ; to relax. 
 
 Re-mit'tal, n. A giving back. 
 
 Re-mit'tanQe, n. Act of 
 transmitting money in pay- 
 ment ; sum transmitted. 
 
 Re-mitaent, a. Temporarily 
 ceasing or abating. 
 
 Rem'nant, n. What is left ; 
 residue ; remainder. i 
 
 Re-m6d'el, v, t. To model 
 anew. j 
 
 Re-m6n'strange, n. Expos- ; 
 tulation ; earnest advice. 
 
 Re-m6n'strant, n. One who | 
 remonstrates. 
 
 Re-in6n'strate, v. i. To urge 
 reasons against. — Syn. To 
 expostulate. 
 
 Re- morse', n. Pain of con- 
 science proceeding from a 
 sense of guilt. 
 
 Re-morse'ful, a. Full of a 
 sense of guilt. [cruel. 
 
 Re-morse'less, a. Pitiless; 
 
 Re-mote', a. Distant in 
 
 place or time ; foreign. 
 Re-mote'l5'',^0(iv. At a dis- 
 tance in time or place, &c. 
 Re-mote'ness (10), n. State 
 
 of being remote ; distance. 
 Re-mount', v. t. or i. To 
 
 mount again ; to reascend. 
 Re-mpv'a-ble, a. Admitting 
 
 of being removed. 
 Re-mov'al, n. Act of remov- 
 ing from a place. 
 Re-move', v. To change 
 place , to move. — n. Change 
 of place ; interval ; distance. 
 
 Re-mu'ner-atc, v. t. To rec- 
 ompense ; to repay. 
 Re-mu'ner-a'tion, n. Re- 
 ward ; recompense. 
 Re-mii'ner-aaive,a. Afford- 
 ing reward. [kidneys. 
 Re'nal, a. Pertaining to the 
 R6n'ard, n. A fox. 
 Re-n^s'gent, a. Growing 
 
 again ; reproduced. 
 Ren-€Oun'ter, n. A sudden 
 or casual combat ; clash. — 
 V. t. or i. To meet ; to clash. 
 Rend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 KENT.] To fplit; to tear 
 asunder ; to break ; to lacer- 
 ate ; to rupture. 
 Ren'der (8), v. t. To return ; 
 
 to give up. 
 Ren'der-ing, n. Act of re- 
 turning; a version. 
 Ren'dez-vpus (renMe-vcJl)), 
 n. A place of meeting ; a 
 meeting appointed. — v. i. 
 or t. To assemble, as troops. 
 Ren-di'tion(-dTsh/un),n. Act 
 
 of giving up ; surrender. 
 Ren'e-gade, I n. One faith- 
 Rgn'e-ga'do, I less to princi- 
 ple ; an apostate ; a deserter. 
 Re-new', v. t. To make new 
 or as good as new ; to re- 
 peat ; to furnish again. 
 Re-new'a-ble, a. Capable 
 
 of being renewed. 
 Re-new'al, n. Act of renew- 
 ing ; that which is renewed. 
 Re-new'ed-ly, adv. Anew. 
 Ren'net,n. Inner membrane 
 of a calf's stomach, used to 
 coagulate milk. 
 Re-nounge', v. t. To disown ; 
 
 to cast off formally. 
 Re-nounge'ment, n. Act of 
 
 renouncing ; renunciation. 
 Ren'o-vate,!?. To renew. 
 Ren^o-va'tion, n. Renewal. 
 Re-no wn', n. Fame ; celeb- 
 rity ; exalted reputation. 
 Re-nowned', a. Famous ; 
 
 celebrated ; distinguished. 
 R6nt, i7vp. of Rend. Tom 
 asunder. — n. A fissure or 
 laceration ; money paid for 
 lease of property. — v. t. To 
 lease, as lands, &c. [rents. 
 RSnt'al, n. An account of 
 Re-nun/ ci-a'tion (-shi-a^- 
 
 shun),n. Act of renouncing,* 
 renouncement. 
 
 Re-6r'gan-i-za'tion, n. Or- 
 ganization anew. 
 
 Re-6r'gan-Ize, f. t. To or- 
 ganize anew. 
 
 Re-paid' (14), imp. of Repay. 
 
 Re-pair', v. t. To mend ; to 
 refit. — V. i. To go ; to re- 
 sort. — n. Reparation ; sup- 
 ply of loss. 
 
 Rep'a-ra'tion, n. Restitu- 
 tion ; amends. [reply. 
 
 R6p^ar-tee' (18), n. A smart 
 
 Re-pass', v. To pass again. 
 
 Re-past', n. A meal ; food. 
 
 Re-pay', v. t. To pay back. 
 
 Re-pay'ment, n. Act of re- 
 paying ; thing repaid. 
 
 Re-peal', v. t. To make void. 
 — Syn. To revoke; annul; 
 abrogate. — n. Abrogation. 
 
 Re-peal'er, n. One who re- 
 peals, or desires repeal. 
 
 Re-peat', v. t. To do again ; 
 to reiterate. — n. Repeti" 
 tion ; that Mhich is, or is to 
 be, repeated. 
 
 Re-peat'ed-ly, adv. With 
 repetition; frequently. 
 
 Re-peat'er, n. One who re- 
 peats ; a watch that strikes 
 the hours. [resist. 
 
 Re-pel', r. f. To drive back ; to 
 
 Re-pel'len-gy, n. Quality 
 that repels. [repel. 
 
 Re-pel'lent, a. Tending to 
 
 Re-pent', v. i. To feel sor- 
 row for something done. 
 
 Re-p§nt'ange, n. Sorrow for 
 sins ; penitence : contrition. 
 
 Re-pent'ant, a. Sorrowful for 
 sin ; contrite. 
 
 Re-peo'ple, v. t. To supply 
 anew with inhabitants. 
 
 Re^per-eus'sion (-kush^un), 
 n. Act of driving back ; re- 
 bound ; reverberation. 
 
 Rep'er-to-ry, n. A book of 
 records ; a magazine. 
 
 Rep^e-tend', n. That part 
 of a repeating decimal which 
 recurs continually. 
 
 R6p/e-ti'tion (-tish^un), n. 
 
 Act of repeating ; iteration. 
 Rep/e-ti'tious (-tish/us), a. 
 
 Containing repetition. 
 Re-pine', v. i. To indulge in 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, wolf, too, tcTok ; fim, r»e, p\ill ; f, soft; e, g, hard,- ; exist ; q ng ; this. 
 
EEPLACE 
 
 222 
 
 RESCISSION 
 
 envy or complaint ; to com- 
 plain ; to murmur. 
 
 Re-plage', v. t. To put again 
 in its place ; to substitute. 
 
 He-plen'ish, v. t. To fill 
 again ; to supply ; to stock. 
 
 Re-plete', a. Full to excess. 
 
 Be-ple'tion, n. Superabun- 
 dant fullness. 
 
 Re-plev'i-a-ble, ) a. Capa- 
 
 Re-plev'i-sa-ble, ) ble of 
 being replevied. 
 
 Ee-plev'in, n. A writ to re- 
 cover goods distrained. 
 
 Ee-pl3v'y, V. t. To set at 
 liberty on security ; to bail. 
 
 Rep'Ji-eant, n. One who re- 
 j)li^js.~ 
 
 Rep'li-ca'tion, n. A plaint- 
 iffs, ifeply to a defendant's 
 plea, 'j^ 
 
 Re-ply', i. To answer ; to 
 respond ; to rejoin. — n. Re- 
 turn in words. 
 
 Re-port', V. t. To bring back 
 as an answer ; to relate ; to 
 tell. — V. i. To circulate 
 publicly. — n. Account re- 
 turned ; rumor ; loud sound, 
 as of a gun. [ports. 
 
 Re-port'er, n. One who re- 
 
 Re-p5§e', v. i. To rest ; to 
 sleep ; to lie quiet. — r. t. 
 To lay at rest ; to place in 
 confidence. 
 
 Re-p6§'it, V. t. To lodge or 
 lay up for safety. 
 
 Re-pdg'i-to-ry, n. A place 
 where things are stored. 
 
 Re''pos-ssss' {or -poz-zes^), v. 
 L To possess again. 
 
 Re''pos-ses'sion (-pos-s6sh'- 
 un or -poz-zesh'un), n. Act 
 or state of possessing again. 
 
 Rep^re-hgnd', v. t. To blame. 
 
 Rcp-'re-hen'si-ble, a. De- 
 serving of censure ; censura- 
 ble ; blameworthy. 
 
 Rep-'re-hen'sion, n. Reproof; 
 censure ; open blame. 
 
 Rap^re-hen'sive, a. Con- 
 taining reproof or censure. 
 
 RSp're-gent', v. t. To show ; 
 to exhibit ; to delineate ; to 
 personate. 
 
 R6p''re-sen-ta'tion, n. Act 
 of representing ; thing rep- 
 resented ; likeness ; descrip- 
 
 S,c, 1,5, Vi,f^long; 5, e, 1, 6,ti 
 
 tion ; statement ; exhibition ; 
 appearance for another ; a 
 body of representatives. 
 
 Rep^re-sent'a-tive, a. Fit- 
 ted to represent ; exhibiting 
 likeness. — n. One acting 
 for another ; a deputy. 
 
 Re-press', v. t. To put down ; 
 to subdue ; to crush. 
 
 Re-pres'sion (-presh/un), n. 
 Act of repressing, [repress. 
 
 Re-press'ive, a. Tending to 
 
 Re-prieve', v. t. To respite 
 for a time. — n. Suspension 
 of the execution of a sen- 
 tence ; respite. 
 
 Rep'ri-mand, n. Reproof 
 for a fault. — v. t. To chide ; 
 to reprove ; to rebuke. 
 
 Re-print', v. t. To print a 
 new edition of, especially in 
 another country. [sion. 
 
 Re'print, n. A new impres- 
 
 Re-pri'sal, n. Seizure by way 
 of ret^iation. 
 
 Re-prcach', v.t. To accuse ; 
 to blame ; to upbraid. — n. 
 Censure in opprobrious 
 terms ; invective. [brious. 
 
 Re-proach'ful (17), a. Oppro- 
 
 Rep'ro-bate," a. Lost to 
 virtue ; base ; depraved. — 
 n. One abandoned to sin. 
 
 Rep^ro-l?ate, r. t. To disap- 
 prove with detestation ; to 
 condemn." - (nation. 
 
 Rep'ronba'tioir, n. Condem- 
 
 Re^pro-auge', v^-t. To pro- 
 duce anew. Tf:.^,- 
 
 Re''pro-di^€'tion, n. -"Abt or 
 process ^f producing and^.^-^ 
 thing reproduced. 
 
 Re^pro-dire'tive, a. Pertain- 
 ing to reproduction. 
 
 Re-probf, n. Censure ex- 
 pressed ; rebuke. 
 
 Re-prpv'al (11), n. Reproof- 
 
 Re-prove', v. t. To censure 
 to the face. — Syn. To re- 
 buke ; reprimand ; blame. 
 
 Rep'tile, a. Creeping ; grovel- 
 ing ; low ; vulgar. — n. A 
 creeping animal. 
 
 Re-pub'llc (5), n. A state 
 governe(iby representatives 
 elect+'d by the citizens. 
 
 Re-pub'li-e-an, a. Pertaining 
 to, or consistent with, a re- 
 
 public. — n. One who ft- 
 vors or prefers a republic. 
 Re-pub'li-e-an-i§m, n. Sys- 
 tem of republican govern- 
 ment. 
 
 Re-pubai-ca'tion, n. A new 
 publication ; a reprint. 
 
 Re-pub'lish, t*. t. To publish 
 anew, or in another country. 
 
 Re-pu'di-ate, v. t. To di- 
 vorce ; to reject ; to dis- 
 claim. 
 
 Re-pu^di-a'tion, n. Act of 
 disclaiming ; divorce. 
 
 Re-pu'di-a'tor, ». One who 
 repudiates. 
 
 Re-pug'nange, 1 n. Unwill- 
 
 Re-pug'nan-gy, ] ingness. 
 
 Re-pug'nant, a. Unwilling ; 
 inconsistent ; averse. 
 
 Re-pulse', n. A check in 
 advancing; refusal. — v. t. 
 To repel ; to drive off. 
 
 Re-pul'sion, n. Act of re- 
 peUing or driving back. 
 
 Re-pul'sive, a. Forbidding; 
 cold ; reserved. 
 
 Rep'u-ta-ble, a. Of good re- 
 pute ; respectable. 
 
 Rep''u-ta'tion, n. General es- 
 timation ; credit ; honor de- 
 rived from public esteem. 
 
 Re-pute', V. t. To hold in 
 estimation ; to account. — 
 n. Reputation. 
 
 Re-put 'ed, a. Reckoned. 
 
 Re-quest', n. Expression of 
 desire ; petition ; state of be- 
 ing desired. — v.t. To ask. 
 
 Re'qui-em, n. A hymn or 
 
 mass sung for the dead, 
 l^^-quire', v. t. To mako 
 '^^^^Gssaxy ; to need; to de- 
 maild^t^-.to ask as a right. 
 
 Re-qulfe%e,nt (10), n. De- 
 mand ; t'tttiij^^i^uired. 
 
 R6q'ui-§ite l^^wi-zit), a. 
 Required ; necessary. — n. 
 That which is necessary. 
 
 Req^ui-si'tion (rek^vi-zTsh'- 
 un), n. Act of requiring; 
 claim made ; demand. 
 
 Re-quit'al, n. Recompense. 
 
 Re-quite', v. t. To recom- 
 pense ; to retaliate. 
 
 Re-scmd', v. t. To repeal; 
 to abrogate ; to revoke. 
 
 Re-SQi§'§ion (-sizh^un), n. 
 
 , short ; care, car, ask, all, whg,t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, tlrm ; 
 
RESCRIPT 
 
 223 
 
 RESTORATIVE 
 
 Act of rescinding ; abroga- 
 tion. 
 
 Re 'script, n. Edict or de- 
 cree of an emperor. 
 
 Res'€ue, v. t. To deliver 
 from danger or confinement ; 
 to set free. — n. Deliverance 
 froni arrest or danger. 
 
 Re-search', n. Diligent in- 
 quiry ; investigation. 
 
 I?e-§3m'blan(,e, n. Likeness. 
 
 Re §5m'ble, v. t. To be like. 
 
 Re §3nt', V. t. To be angry 
 at ; to express anger at. 
 
 Re-S3nt'ful (17), a. Apt to 
 resent ; easily provoked. 
 
 Re-§ent'ment, n. Sense of 
 injury ; displeasure. 
 
 Reg'er-va'tion, n. Act of re- 
 serving ; a proviso. 
 
 Re-§erve', r. t. To keep in 
 store ; to retain. — n. That 
 which is reserved ; restraint 
 in manner or words. 
 
 Re-§3rved', a. Not frank ; 
 cautious ; restrained ; cold. 
 
 Re-serv'ed-ly, adv. With 
 reserve ; coldly. 
 
 Re§'er-v6ir' ( rez'er-vwor'), n. 
 A large cistern or basin. 
 
 Re-set', V. t. To set again, as 
 a jewel or plant. 
 
 Re-set'tle, v. t. To settle or 
 install again. 
 
 Re-s6taie-ment, n. Act of 
 settling again. 
 
 Re-ship', V. t. To ship again, 
 as what has been imported. 
 
 Re-ship'ment, n. Act of 
 reshipping ; re-exportation. 
 
 Re-§ide', v. i. To dwell ; to 
 live ; to have one's abode. 
 
 Reg'i-denge, n. A place:©f 
 abode ; dwelling. " ' 
 
 Re§'i-dent, a. Dwellfng ; liv- 
 ing. — n. One who dwells. 
 
 Reg/i-den't^a-ry (-shi-), a. 
 Having residence ; residing. 
 
 Re-§id'u-al, a. Remaining 
 after a part is taken. 
 
 Re-§id'u-a-ry, a. Entitled or 
 pertaining to the residue. 
 
 RSg'i-due, n. Remainder, or 
 what is left ; rest. 
 
 Re-gid'u-um, n. That which 
 remains ; residue. 
 
 Re-§Tgn' (-zin/), v.t. To give 
 up in a formal manner. 
 
 Re§^ig-na'tion, n. Act of 
 resigning ; quiet submission, 
 Re-§igncd' (-zind'), P- a- 
 
 Submissive ; yielding. 
 Re-sil'i-enge, n. A recoil. 
 Re-sil'i-ent, a. Leaping back. 
 R6§'in, n. An iutiammable 
 subbtauce from the pine, 
 &c. [or like, resin. 
 
 Re§'in-0US, a. Containing, 
 Re-§ist', V. t. To act in op- 
 position to ; to withstand. 
 Re-gist'ange, n. Act of re- 
 sisting ; opposition. 
 Re-§Ist'less, a. Not to be 
 
 withstood ; irresistible. 
 Re§'o lu-ble, a. Admitting of 
 
 being resolved or melted. 
 Reg'o-lute, a. Firm to one's 
 purpose ; determined ; firm. 
 Re§'o-liite-ly, adv. With 
 
 steadiness and courage. 
 Re§'o-lu'tion, n. Act of re- 
 solving; firmness of pur- 
 pose ; formal declaration. 
 Re-§61v'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being resolved. 
 Re-§61ve', v. t. To separate 
 into component parts ; to 
 analyze. — v. i. To deter- 
 mine. — n. Fixed purpose. 
 Re-s61v'ent, n. That which 
 
 causes solution. 
 Res'o-nange, n. A reverbera- 
 
 ti'on of sound or sounds. 
 Re§'o-nant, a. Resounding. 
 Re-§6rt', v. i. To have re- 
 course ; to repair ; to go. — 
 n. Concourse of people ;-as- 
 sen>bly ; place of habitual 
 ..meeting ; a haunt. 
 . Re-§ound', v. t. or i. To 
 sound back ; to echo ; to re- 
 verberate ; to celebrate. 
 Re-souTQe', n. Means of sup- 
 ply ; resort ; expedient. 
 Re-spe€t', V. t. To regard 
 with esteem ; to honor ; to 
 relate to. — n. Regard for 
 worth ; relation ; reference. 
 Re-spe-et^a-bil'i-ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of deserving respect. 
 Re-spe-ct'a-ble, a. Worthy 
 of respect ; deserving regard. 
 Re-spe€t'a-bly, adv. So as 
 
 to merit respect. 
 Re-spe-ct'ed, a. Held in high 
 I estimation. 
 
 . Re-spe<;t'ful, a. Full of re- 
 spect, [due respect. 
 
 Re-sp3€t'ful-ly, adv. With 
 
 Re-spe€t'ive, a. Having re- 
 lation to ; particular. 
 
 Re-spe-et'ive-ly, adv. As re- 
 lating to each. 
 
 Re-spir'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being, or tit to be, breathed. 
 
 Res'pi-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 breathing, [for respiration. 
 
 Res-pir'a-to-ry, a. Serving 
 
 Re-spire', v. To breathe. 
 
 Res'pite, n. Delay ; suspen- 
 sion of punisliment ; re- 
 prieve. — v.t. To suspend 
 execution of; to delay. 
 
 Re-splen'denge, n. Brilliant 
 luster; splendor. 
 
 Re-spl6n'dent, a. Bright ; 
 splendid ; shining. 
 
 Re-spdnd', v. i. To answer ; 
 to reply ; to rejoin. 
 
 Re-sp6nd'ent, n. One who 
 responds ; an answerer in aa 
 action at law. — a. Answer- 
 ing ; accordant. [ply. 
 
 Re-sp6nse', n. Answer; re- 
 
 Re-sp6n'si-bil'i-ty, n. Lia- 
 bility to answer or pay. 
 
 Re-spon'si-ble, a. Liable to 
 account. — Syn. Account- 
 able ; answerable. 
 
 Re-sp6n'sive, a. Answering. 
 
 Rest, n. Quiet ; peace ; re- 
 pose ; sleep ; ease ; a pause ; 
 a support ; that which is 
 left. — V. i. To be quiet ; to 
 sleep ; to lean or rely. — v. t. 
 To place. 
 
 Res'tau-rant (-to-), n. An 
 eating-house. 
 
 Res-tau'ra-teur' (-to^-), n. 
 Keeper of an eating-house. 
 
 Rest'iff , ( a. Unwilling to go, 
 
 Rest'ive, j or only running 
 back ; stubborn. 
 
 Res^ti-tu'tion, n. Act of re- 
 storing ; indemnification. 
 
 Rest'ive ness, n. Obstinate 
 reluctance to move. 
 
 Rest'less, a. Yoid of rest ; 
 unsettled ; unquiet. 
 
 Re-stor'a-ble, a. Admitting 
 of being restored. 
 
 Res''to-ra'tion, n. Renewal ; 
 recovery. 
 
 Re-stor'a-tive, a. Tending to 
 
 s^n, or, dQ, wolf, t(5l), tdbk ; ^n, rije, pyll ; 9, g:, soft; «, g, hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
EESTORE 
 
 224 
 
 REVERE]^ D 
 
 restore. — n. That which 
 
 restores. [to heal. 
 
 Re-store', t. To give back ; 
 Re-strain', t. To check ; 
 
 to repress ; to hold back. 
 Re-straint', n. That which 
 
 restrains ; a hindering ; 
 
 check ; restriction. 
 Re-stri-et', v. t. To limit ; to 
 
 restrain ; to confine. 
 Re-stri-e'tion, n. Limitation. 
 Re stri-et'ive,a. Restraining. 
 Re-§ult', V. I. To proceed or 
 
 spring as a consequence. — 
 
 n. Conclusion to which any 
 
 course leads ; effect. 
 Re-§ume', r. t. To take back ; 
 
 to begin again after inter- 
 ruption. 
 Resum6 (ra/zij-ma'), n. A 
 
 summing up ; summary. 
 Re-siimp'tion,n. Act of re- 
 
 smning, or taking again. 
 Re§'ur-re-e'tion, n. A rising 
 
 again ; revival from the 
 
 grave ; the future state. 
 Re-sus'gi-tate, v. t. To re 
 
 vive ; to bring to life again. 
 Re-sus''Qi-ta'tion,n. Act of 
 
 resuscitating. 
 Re-tail', v. t. To sell in small 
 
 quantities. [quantities. 
 Re 'tail, n. Sale in small 
 Re-tail'er, or Re'tail-er, n. 
 
 One who sells at retail. 
 Re-tain', v. t. To keep in pos- 
 session or in pay. 
 Re-tain'er, n. One who re- 
 tains ; a dependent ; a fee to 
 
 engage counsel. 
 Re-take', v. t. To take again. 
 Re-tal'i-ate, v. i. To return 
 
 like forjike. 
 Re-t3,l'i-a'tion, n. Return of 
 
 like for like ; reprisal. 
 Re-tai'i-a-tive, I a. Giving 
 Re-tal'i-a-to-ry, ) like for 
 
 like ; involving retaliation. 
 Re-tard', v. t. To diminish 
 
 the f»peed of ; to delay ; to 
 
 hinder ; to impede. 
 Retch, V. i. To make an effort 
 
 to vomit. [ing. 
 Re-t§n'tion, n. Act of retain- 
 Re-ten'tive, a. Having power 
 
 to retain. 
 Re-t6n'tive-ness, n. Power of 
 
 retaining. 
 
 Re-ti-c'u-lar, a. Having the 
 form of a net. 
 
 Re-ti€'u-late, ) a. Made of, 
 
 Re-ti€'u-lat'ed, j or resem- 
 bling, net-work. [work. 
 
 Re-ti-e/u-la'tion, n. Net- 
 
 Ret'i-€ule, n. A httle bag 
 of net-work. 
 
 Ret'i-na, n. Internal ner- 
 vous tissue of the eye, which 
 receives the impression re- 
 sulting in the sense of vision. 
 
 Ret'i-niie, n. A suite or train 
 of attendants. [withdraw. 
 
 Re-tire', v. To retreat ; to 
 
 Re-tired', a. Withdrawn. 
 
 Re-tire'ment (10), n. Act of 
 living in seclusion ; privacy. 
 
 Re-tort', n. Censure returned ; 
 repartee ; a chemical vessel. 
 — V. t. To throwback; to 
 return. [by new touches. 
 
 Re-toiich', v. t. To improve 
 
 Re-traQe',t'. t. To trace back. 
 
 Re-traet', v. t. To take back ; 
 to recall. — v. L To take 
 back what has been said. 
 
 Re-tra€t'ile, a. Capable of 
 being retracted, or drawn 
 back. 
 
 Re-tra€'tion, n. Act of re- 
 tracting ; recantation. 
 
 Re-treat', n. A retiring ; a 
 place of privacy. — v. i. To 
 withdraw ; to go back. 
 
 Re-trench', v. t. To lessen ; 
 to curtail, as expenses. 
 
 Re-trench'ment, n. Act of 
 retrenching. 
 
 Ret^ri-bu'tion, n. Reward ; 
 repayment; requital. 
 
 Re-trib'u-tive, I a. Reward- 
 
 Re-trib'u-to-ry, j ing or 
 punishing. 
 
 Re-triev'a-ble,a. Capable of 
 being retrieved. 
 
 Re-trieve', v. t. To recover ; 
 to regain ; to repair. 
 
 Re'tro-^^'tion (or ret^'ro-), n. 
 Action in return. 
 
 Re'tro-gede {or ret-'ro-), v. t. 
 To cede or grant back. 
 
 Re/tro-Q6s'sion (or ret/ro- 
 sesh'un), n. Act of going 
 back or of ceding back. 
 
 Ret'ro-grade {or rS^tro-), a. 
 Going backward. — v. i. To 
 go backward. 
 
 Re^tro-gres'sion (or ret-'ro- 
 gresh'un), n. Act of going 
 backward. 
 
 Re'tro-spe€t, or R^t'ro- 
 spe-ct, n. A looking back 
 on things past. 
 
 Re'tro-spe-e'tion (or ret^ro-), 
 n. A looking back ; review. 
 
 Re^tro-spe-ct'ive (or ret^ro-), 
 a. Looking back. 
 
 Re-tftrn' (8),r. i. To come or 
 go back. — V. t. To send or 
 give back ; to repay. — n. A 
 going or giving back ; re- 
 lapse ; profit of business ; 
 restitution. 
 
 Re-turn'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being returned. 
 
 Re-iin'ion (-yun^yun), n. Act 
 of reuniting ; a second un. 
 ion ; a meeting of associates. 
 
 Re'u-nite',t". /. or ?. To unite 
 again, as things disjoined. 
 
 Re-veal', v. t. To make 
 known ; to divulge. 
 
 Re-veil'le (re-val'ye), n. The 
 morning beat of drum. 
 
 Rev'el (8), v. i. To feast riot- 
 ously ; to carouse. — n. A 
 riotous feast ; a carousal. 
 
 Rev^e-la'tion, n. Act of re- 
 vealing, or disclosing ; di- 
 vine communication. 
 
 Rev'el-ry, n. Act of revel- 
 ing ; riotous feast ; a carouse. 
 
 Re-venge', n. Malicious re- 
 turn of injury ; disposition 
 to revenge. — v. t. To inflict 
 pain or injury upon for in- 
 jury received. 
 
 Re-v6nge'ful, a. Disposed to 
 revenge ; vindictive. 
 
 Rev'e-nue(18), w. Income of 
 a state or prince. [ing. 
 
 Re-ver'ber-ant, a. Resound- 
 
 Re-ver'ber-ate,i'. t. or i. To 
 resound ; to echo. 
 
 Re-ver^ber-a'tion, n. Act of 
 reverberating. 
 
 Re-ver'ber-a-to-ry, a. Beat- 
 ing or driving back. 
 
 Re-vere', v. t. To regard with 
 fear and respect. 
 
 Rgv'er-enge, n. Veneration; 
 very great respect. — v. t. 
 To regard with reverence. 
 
 R§v'er-end, rt. Deserving rev- 
 erence ; a title of clergymen. 
 
 a, e, T, 6, u, y , long ; it, g, i, 6, il, 5^^, short ; care, car, ask, all, whfit ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
REVERENT 
 
 225 
 
 RICH 
 
 Tlev'er-ent, \a. Express- 
 
 Kev/er-6n'tial, j ing rey- 
 ence ; submissive. 
 
 ReVer-ie', ) n. Loose ; irreg- 
 
 Rev'er-y, j ular train of 
 thought. [opposite. 
 
 Re-vcr'sal,n. Change to the 
 
 Re-verse', v. t. To change 
 from one position to the op- 
 posite ; to make void. — 
 n. Opposite side ; change ; 
 adversity ; vicissitude. — a. 
 Turned backward. 
 
 Re-ver'si-ble, a. Capable of 
 being reversed. 
 
 Re-ver'sion, n. The return 
 of an estate to the grantor 
 or his heirs ; succession. 
 
 Re-ver'sion-a-ry, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or involving, a rever- 
 sion, [fall back. 
 
 Re-vert', v. i. To return ; to 
 
 Re-view' (-vQ/), v. t. To con- 
 sider again ; to inspect ; to 
 examine ; to survey. — n. 
 Careful examination ; re- 
 vision ; criticism ; inspection 
 of troops ; a periodical pub- 
 lication containing criti- 
 cisms on books, &c. 
 
 Re-vie w'er, n. One who re- 
 views ; an inspector. 
 
 Re-vile', V. t. To treat with 
 abusive language ; to vilify. 
 
 Re-vi'§al(ll), ) n. 
 
 Re-vi§'ion (-vTzh/un), ) Act 
 of revising or reviewing. 
 
 Re-vi§e' (31), v, t. To exam- 
 ine with care for correction ; 
 to review. — n. A second 
 proof-sheet. 
 
 Re-vi§'it, V. t. To visit again. 
 
 Re-vi'so-ry, a. Having power 
 to revise. 
 
 Re-vI'val (11), n. Act of re- 
 viving ; return to life ; a re- 
 ligious awakening. 
 
 Re-vi'val-ist, n. One who 
 promotes revivals. 
 
 Re-vlve', v. t. To restore or 
 bring to hfe ; to renew ; to 
 re-animate. — v. i. To re- 
 cover life and vigor. 
 
 Re-viv'^i-fi-ea'tion, n. Act 
 of returning to life ; resusci- 
 tation. 
 
 Re-viv'i-fy, v. t. To recall to 
 life. 
 
 Rev'o-ca-ble, a. Capable of 
 being recalled. 
 
 ReV^o-ea'tion, n. Act of re- 
 voking or recalling ; repeal. 
 
 Re-v6ke', v. l. To recall or 
 repeal ; to reverse . 
 
 Re-volt', or Re-v61t', v. i. To 
 renounce allegiance ; to be j 
 shocked. — n. Ilenunciation 
 of allegiance ; desertion ; re- 
 bellion. 
 
 Rev'o-lii'tion, n. Motion 
 round a center ; rotation ; a 
 great change in the govern- 
 ment of a country. 
 
 R6v/o-lu'tion-a-ry, a. Per- 
 taining to, or producing, 
 great change. 
 
 Rev'o-lu'tion-ist, n. One who 
 favors a revolution. 
 
 ReVo-lu'tion-ize, r. To ef- 
 fect a complete change in , as 
 to government or principles. 
 
 Re-v61ve', v. i. To move 
 round. — v. t. To turn in 
 the mind ; to consider. 
 
 Re-viil'sion, n. A turning 
 back ; marked repugnance 
 or hostility. 
 
 Re-viil'sive, a. Having the 
 power of revulsion. 
 
 Re-ward', v. t. To recom- 
 pense ; to repay. — n. Recom- 
 pense ; requital ; pay. 
 
 Re-write' (-rltO, v. t To 
 write a second time or again. 
 
 Rhap-s6d'i€-al (rap-), a. 
 Consisting in rhapsody \ 
 wild ; unconnected. 
 
 Rhap'so-dist (rilp/-), n. One 
 who sings, recites, or com- 
 poses rhapsodies. 
 
 Rhap'so-dy (nV-, 19), n. 
 A wild, rambling writing or 
 discourse. 
 
 Rheii'ish (rSn'-), a. Pertain- 
 ing to the river Rhine. 
 
 Rhet'o-ri-e (ret'-), r». The art 
 of speaking or writing with 
 elegance and propriety. 
 
 Rhe-t6r'i€-al (re-), a. Per- 
 taining to, or involving, 
 rhetoric ; oratorical. 
 
 Rhet^o-ri'cian (ret'o-rTsh'- 
 an), n. One who teaches or 
 is versed in the rules and 
 principles of rhetoric ; an 
 orator. 
 
 Rheum (mm), n. A thin 
 watery fluid secreted by the 
 glands. 
 
 Rheu-m5,t'i€ (nj-), a. Per- 
 taining to, or affected with, 
 rheumatism. 
 
 Rheu'ma-ti§m (nj'-), n. A 
 painful inflammatory dis- 
 ease of the joints and mus- 
 cles of the human body. 
 
 Rheum'y (rijm'-), a. Full of 
 rheum. 
 
 Rhi-n6g'er-os,.4 
 (ri-), n. Avl\ 
 African quad-^ 
 ruped hav-' Rhmoceroa. 
 mg one or two 
 strong horns on the nose. 
 
 Rh6mb (romb), \ 
 
 Rhdm'l 
 
 n'-), a. Fu U of 
 
 m 
 
 ^ Rhinoceros. 
 
 5 on the nose. 
 
 tnomo ^^omD), \ ^ 1— * 
 
 Ihdm'bus, J /\ !/ 
 n. A figure of / \ |/ 
 four equal sides, / \y 
 
 but unequal an- Rhomb, 
 gles. 
 
 Rhom'bi-c (rCm'-), a. Hav- 
 ing the figure of a rhomb. 
 
 Rhdm'boid 
 (rom'-),a. An 
 oblique-angled 
 parallel(^ram Rhomboid, 
 like a rhomb, but having 
 only the opposite sidesequal. 
 
 Rhu'barb (rjj'-), w. A plants 
 and a cathartic medicin* 
 obtained firom it. 
 
 Rhyme (rim), n. Con» 
 spondence of sounds ; verses. 
 
 — V. i. To accord in sounds. 
 
 — V. t. To turn into rhyme. 
 Rhym'er (rlm^-), n. One who 
 
 makes rhymes ; a versifier. 
 
 Rhythm (rithm or rithm ), n. 
 Regular succession of mo- 
 tions, sounds, &c., as in 
 music and dancing. 
 
 Rib, n. One of the curved 
 bones of the chest ; a curved 
 strengthening piece of tim- 
 ber in a ship. — v. t. To 
 furnish with ribs. 
 
 Rib'ald, a. Low ; base ; mean. 
 
 Rib'ald-ry, n. Low, vulga* 
 language. [ribs. 
 
 Ribbed, a. Furnished with 
 
 Rib'bon, n. A fillet of silk. 
 
 Rlge, n. A plant and its es- 
 culent seed or grain. 
 
 Rich, a. Opulent ; wealthy ; 
 
 B6n, or, dg, w^lf, too, trrok ; tlm, rye, pyll ; p, soft ; €, g, hard; a§ ; exist ; e as ng ; this. 
 15 
 
KICHES 
 
 226 
 
 EIVET 
 
 affluent; Taluable; fertile; 
 fruitful. 
 Uich'eg, n. />Z. Wealth; op- 
 ulence ; affluence. 
 Ricli'ly, adv. Abundantly. 
 E-ich'ness, n. Wealth ; op- 
 ulence ; affluence ; fertility. 
 Rick, n. A long, covered pile 
 of hay or grain in the field. 
 Rick'ets, n.pl. A disease of 
 children. [rickets. 
 Rick'et-y, a. Affected with 
 Ri-e'o-Qhet (-sha' or -shet^, 
 n. The firing of guns so as 
 to cause balls to rebound 
 from one point to another. 
 Rid, V. t. [imp. and p. p. 
 RID.] To set free ; to clear ; 
 to deliver. [away. 
 Rid'danQe, n. A clearing 
 Rid'dle, n, A coarse sieve or 
 sifter; an enigma. — v. t. 
 or i To clear from chaff 
 with a riddle ; to perforate 
 with many balls ; to solve. 
 Ride, V. i. [imp. rode ;p.p. 
 RID, RIDDEN.] To be car- 
 ried on horseback, or in a 
 vehicle. — n. An excursion 
 on horseback , or in a vehicle. 
 Rid'er, n. One who rides ; an 
 
 additional clause to a bill. 
 Ridge, n. Top of the back ; 
 a long elevation, as of land. 
 — V. t. To form into ridges. 
 Rid'i-cule, n. Derisive merri- 
 ment. — V. t. To laugh at, 
 or expose to laughter. 
 Ri-di€'u-lous, a. Deserving 
 
 ridicule ; absurd. 
 Rife, a. Prevalent ; abound- 
 ing, [use. 
 Riffraff, n. Sweepings; ref- 
 Ri'f le , n. A gun with grooved 
 barrel. — v. t. To rob; to 
 plunder ; to pillage. 
 Ri'fle-man (21), n. One 
 
 armed with a rifle. 
 Rift, n. A cleft ; a fissure. 
 Rig, V. t. To fit with rigging ; 
 
 to dress ; to clothe. 
 Rig'ger, n. One who fits a 
 
 ship with rigging. 
 Rig'ging, n. The ropes of a 
 
 ship ; dress ; tackle. 
 Right (rlt), a. Straight ; just ; 
 true ; correct ; proper ; op- 
 posite to left. — 11. That 
 
 which is right or correct; 
 justice ; just claim ; prop- 
 erty ; privilege ; side op- 
 posed to left. — adv. In a 
 straight line ; according to 
 rule ; properly ; justly : very. 
 — V. t. To set upright ; to 
 do justice to. — v. i. To 
 take a proper position. 
 Right'-an^gled (rlt^-), n. 
 Having ~an angle of ninety 
 degrees. 
 Right'eous (ri/chus), a. Ac- 
 cording with, or performing, 
 that which is right ; just ; 
 upright ; religious ; virtuous. 
 Right 'ecus -ly (ri^chus-), 
 
 adv. Justly ; uprightly. 
 Right'eous-ness (ri/chus-), 
 n. Justice; uprightness; 
 virtue; holiness. 
 Right'ful (rit/-), a. Having a 
 
 right ; just. 
 Right'-hand^ed (rlt'-), a. 
 Using the right hand more 
 easily than the left. 
 Rig'id, a. Difficult to bend ; 
 
 stiff; strict; exact; severe. 
 Ri-gid'i-ty, ) n. Stiffness ; 
 Rig'id-ness, ) strictness. 
 Rig'id-ly, adv. Inflexibly ; 
 
 exactly ; severely. 
 Rig'or(33), n. Strictness; 
 
 severity ; a shivering. 
 Rig'or-oiis, a. Strict ; severe. 
 Rill (1), n. A small brook. 
 Rim, n. A border ; edge ; mar- 
 gin. — V. t. To put a rim on 
 Rime,n. Hoarfrost; a chink. 
 Rind, n. Skin, bark, or outer 
 
 coat ; husk. 
 Ring, n. A circular line or 
 thing ; a hoop ; a metallic 
 sound ; a chime. — v. t. 
 [imp. & p. p. RUNG.] To 
 cause to sound; to put a 
 ring on. — v. i. To sound. 
 Ring'-bolt, n. A bolt with 
 an eye at its head and a ring 
 through the eye. [pigeon. 
 Ring'dove, n. A kind of 
 Ring'lead-er, n. Leader of a 
 lawless association or band. 
 Rmg'let, A curl of hair. 
 Rmg'worm (-wrivm),M. An 
 eruption of the skin forming 
 rings. 
 
 Rinse, v. t. To cleanse by 
 
 agitating in water after 
 washing ; to wash lightly. 
 
 Ri'ot,n. Uproar; tumult. — 
 V. i. To make an uproar ; 
 to revel. [in a riot. 
 
 Ri'ot-er, n. One who joins 
 
 Ri'ot-oiis, a. Disposed to riot. 
 
 Rip , r . i . To cut or tear asun- 
 der, especially at a seam. — 
 n. A rent made by ripping. 
 
 Ripe, a. Perfect in growth ; 
 mature ; complete ; finished. 
 
 Ripe'ly, adv. Maturely. 
 
 Rip'en (rip^'n), v. t. To ma- 
 ture ; to prepare. — v. i. To 
 grow ripe. [fection. 
 
 Ripe'ness, n. Maturity ; per- 
 
 Rip'ple, v. i. or t. To fret on 
 the surface. — n. Agitation 
 of the surface of water. 
 
 Rige,^. v. [imp. ROSE ; p.p. 
 RISEN.] To get up; to at- 
 tain greater height ; to in- 
 crease ; to grow ; to ascend. 
 
 Rise , n. Act of rising ; ascent ; 
 increase ; beginning ; origin. 
 
 'R\^'en{v\z'u),p.p. Ascended. 
 
 Ri§'i-bil'i-ty, n. Inclination 
 to laughter, [ing laughter. 
 
 Ri§'i-ble, a. Capable of excit- 
 
 Rig'ing, n. Act of getting 
 up ; insurrection. 
 
 Risk, n. Hazard ; danger ; 
 peril. — v.t. To expose to 
 danger ; to hazard. 
 
 Rite, n. A ceremonial obw 
 servance ; religious usage. 
 
 Rit'u-al, n. A book of rites. 
 
 — a. According to rites. 
 Rit'u-al-i§m, n. System of 
 
 rites. [to a ritual. 
 
 Rit'u-al-ist, n. One devoted 
 Ri'val, n. One in pursuit of 
 
 the same object as another. 
 
 — Syn. Competitor. — a. 
 Standing in competition. — 
 V. t. (8) To emulate ; to 
 strive to equal or excel. 
 
 Ri'val-ry,w. Strife for equal, 
 ity or superiority ; compe- 
 tition ; emulation. 
 
 Rive, V. t. [imp. rived ; 
 
 p.p. RIVEN.] To Split.^ 
 
 Riv'cn (riv'n), p. p. of Rive. 
 Riv'er, w. A large stream. 
 Riv'et, n. A pin clinched. — 
 
 v.t. To fasten with rivets; 
 
 to clinch. 
 
 a,S,i,5,u,y,/on^; S, C,X,6,u,y,5/iori/ care,car,ask,:jil,what; ere, vsil,tErm ; pique,firm; 
 
RIVULET 
 
 227 
 
 ROT 
 
 Riv'u-let, n. A small stream. ' 
 
 Rix'-d6l4ar, n. A European 
 silver coin varying in vplue 
 from 60c. to $1.08. j 
 
 Roach, n. A fresh-water fish. 
 
 Road, n. A public way for j 
 traveling ; a place for ships 
 to ride at anchor. 1 
 
 E5ad'st6ad, n. A place where 
 ships can anchor. [ble. 
 
 R5am, v. i. To rove ; to ram- 
 Roan, a. Of a dark color with 
 white or gray spots. 
 
 Roar, V. i. To make a loud, 
 continued noise. — n. A loud, 
 continuous noise ; clamor. 
 
 Roast, V. t. To cook by ex- 
 posure to heat, as before a 
 fire. — n. That which is 
 roasted. j 
 
 Rdb,!?. t. To take forcibly, or I 
 without the owner's consent. 
 — Syn. To plunder ; steal. 
 
 Rdb'ber (7), n. One who robs. 
 
 R6b'ber-y, n. A taking of 
 property without consent. 
 
 Robe,n. A long gown. — v. t. 
 To invest with a robe. | 
 
 R6b'in, n. A European song- 
 bird ; also, an American i 
 song-bird. 
 
 Ro-bust', a. Strong ; healthy. 
 
 Ro-bust'ness, n. Great and 
 hearty strength. 
 
 R6€h'et, n. A linen habit 
 worn by priests ; a surplice. | 
 
 R6ck (5), n. A largo mass of 
 stone. — V. t. orr. To move 
 from side to side ; to still. 
 
 Rock'er, n. One who, or 
 that which, rocks. 
 
 RSck'et, n. A projectile fire- 
 work, [of rocks. 
 
 Rock'i-ness, n. Abundance 
 
 Rock'-salt, n. Salt in rock- 
 like masses or large crystals. 
 
 Rock'y, a. Full of rocks : 
 hard. 
 
 Rod, n. A twig ; a pole or 
 
 perch ; 16^ feet. I 
 Rode, imp. hp. p. of Ride. | 
 Ro'dent, a. Gnawing, — n. ' 
 
 An animal tliat gnaws, 
 Rod^o-mont-ade', n. Empty 
 
 bluster ; vain boasting. 
 Roe (18), n. Female of the 
 
 hart ; eggs of a fish. 
 Roe'buck,Ji. Male of the roe. 
 
 Ro-ga'tion, w. Supplication ; 
 litany. 
 
 Rogue (18), n. A dishonest 
 person ; a knave. 
 
 Rogu'er-y, «. Knavery ; dis- 
 honest tricks ; mischievous- 
 ness. [waggish. 
 
 R5gu'ish (11), a. Knavish; 
 
 Roil, V. t. To make turbid 
 by stirring ; to excite. 
 
 Roll (1), V. t. or i. To turn 
 in a circle ; to revolve ; to 
 wrap up. — n. A thing rolled 
 up ; a small loaf of bread ; 
 a list of names. 
 
 Rdll'er, n. One who, or that 
 which, rolls. [of wood. 
 
 Roll'ing-pin, n. A cylinder 
 
 Ro'man, a. Pertaining to 
 Rome. — n. A native of 
 Rome. 
 
 Ro-manQe', n. A fictitious 
 and wonderful tale ; a sort 
 of novel. — V. i. To tell 
 marvelous tales. [mances. 
 
 Ro-man'per, n. One who ro- 
 
 Ro'man-i§m, n. Tenets of the 
 Roman Catholic church. 
 
 Ro'man-ist, iu A Koman 
 Catholic. [ful. 
 
 Ro-man'ti-e, a. Wild ; fonci- 
 
 Ro-man'ti-gism, n. State of 
 being romantic! [Rome. 
 
 Rom'ish, a. Belonging to 
 
 R6mp, n. A rude girl. — v. i. 
 To play rudely. 
 
 Rood, n. The fourth of an 
 acre ; a crucifix ; a represen- 
 tation of the Trinity. 
 
 Roof (4), n. Cover of a build- 
 ing, or something similar. — 
 V. t. To cover with a roof. 
 
 Rdt>k, V. t. or i. To cheat ; 
 to rob. — n. A bird like a 
 crow ; a cheat. 
 
 Rook'er-y, n. A collection 
 of rooks' nests ; a pile of 
 dilapidated buildings. 
 
 Room, n. Space ; extent ; an 
 apartment ; stead. — v.i. To 
 lodge. [ness. 
 
 Room'i-ness, n. Spacious- 
 
 Room'y, a. Having ample 
 room. — Syn. Spacious ; ca- 
 pacious ; large. 
 
 Roost, n. A place on which 
 birds or fowls rest ; a perch. 
 — V. i. To rest as a bird. 
 
 Rdbst'er, n. Male of the do- 
 mestic fowl ; a cock. 
 
 Root, n. The part of a plant 
 wliich shoots into the earth ; 
 the original ; first cause. — 
 V. I. To become fixed in the 
 earth, as a root ; to take 
 root. — V. t. To plant deep- 
 ly ; to dig up ; to destroy. 
 
 Rope, n. A large, stout cord. 
 
 — V. i. To draw out in a 
 slender string. 
 
 Rope '-dan 'ger, w. One who 
 dances on a rope extended 
 in the air. 
 
 Rope '-walk (-wawk), n. A 
 long building where ropes 
 are made. 
 
 Rope'-yarn, n. Threads to 
 be twisted into ropes. 
 
 Rop'i-ness (13), n. Stringi- 
 ness ; viscosit3\ 
 
 Rop'y, a. Stringy ; viscous. 
 
 R6q'ue-laur (rok/e-lor), n. A 
 kind of surtout. 
 
 Ro'§a-ry, n. A bed of roses ; 
 a string of beads for count- 
 ing prayers. 
 
 Rose, 71. A plant and flower 
 of many species. — v., imp. 
 of Rise. 
 
 Ro'§e-ate, a. Full of roses ; re- 
 sembling a rose ; blooming. 
 
 R5se'-bug, n. A kind of 
 beetle that feeds on roses, 
 &c. [and aromatic plant. 
 
 R6se^'ma-ry, n. A fragrant 
 
 Ro-sette', n. An ornament 
 made of ribbons. 
 
 Rose'-wa^'ter, n. TTater 
 tinctured with roses by dis- 
 tillation. 
 
 Rose'-wdbd, n. A kind of 
 wood much used in cabinet- 
 
 • work. It is obtained from 
 several different kinds of 
 trees. [tilling turpentine. 
 
 R6§'in, n. llesin left after dis- 
 
 Ros'ter, n. A list of officers. 
 
 Ros'tral, a. Pv.esembling, or 
 pertaining to, a beak. 
 
 Ros'triim, n . Beak of a ship ; 
 a platform for speakers. 
 
 R5'sy, a. Like a rose ,• red as 
 a rose ; blooming. 
 
 Rot, V. To putrefy ; to decay. 
 
 — n. Putrefaction; decay; 
 a fatal distemper in sheep. 
 
 son. dr, dQ, w^lf, toD, tdbk ; tlrn, rije, pvU ; 9, soft; g, hard; a§ ; e^ist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
KOTAEY 
 
 228 
 
 Bo'ta-ry , I «• Turning like 
 Eo'ta-to-ry, j a wheel on its 
 axis. 
 
 Rdaate, V. i. To revolve 
 
 round an axis, as a wheel. 
 Bo-ta'tion, n. A turning 
 round on an axis, as a 
 wheel ; regular succession. ^ 
 R5te, n. Repetition of words 
 by memory. ] 
 E6t'ten (rot'tn), a. Putrid ; 
 
 decayed ; unsound. 
 Eot'ten-ness, n. A putrid 
 
 state ; putrefaction. 
 Eo-tund', a. Round ; circu- 
 lar ; spherical ; complete. 
 Eo-tiin'da ) (18), n. A build- 
 Eo-tun'do j ing circular 
 
 within and without. 
 Eo-tund'i-ty, n. Roundness ; 
 
 sphericity. 
 Eouge (roozh), n. A red cos- 
 metic— ^^ t. To paint or 
 tinge with rouge. 
 Bough (ruf), a. Having an 
 uneven surface ; coarse ; 
 harsh ; rude ; uncivil ; loud 
 and hoarse ; tempestuous. 
 Bough'-east (rUf/kast), v. t. 
 To cover or plaster with a 
 mixture of lime and shells or 
 pebbles.— 71. A rude model; 
 plaster mixed with shells or 
 pebbles. 
 Bough'en {vviPr\),v. To make 
 
 or become rough. 
 Bough'-hew (rGfhu), v. t. , 
 To hew roughly or coarsely. | 
 Bough'ly (riif'-). adv. Rug- \ 
 
 gedlv ; coarsely harshly. 
 Bough'ness (rtif^-), n. Rug- 
 
 gedness. 
 Bough'-sh6d (rtif^-), a. Hav- 
 ing shoes armed with points. 
 Bou-lette' (roo-letO, n. A 
 game of chance, [ing press. 
 Bounge, w. Handle of a print- 
 Bound, a. Spherical ; circu- 
 lar : full ; approximate.— n. 
 A circle ; a regular course. 
 — r. To make or become 
 round. — prep. About; on 
 all sides of.—adiu On every 
 side ; circularly. 
 Bound'a-bout', a. Indirect. 
 Bound'e-lay, n. A kind of 
 song or poem of very arti- 
 ficial structure 
 
 Bound'-head, n. A Puritan. 
 Bound'ing, ) a. Somewhat 
 Bound'ish, j round. 
 Bound'ly, adv. In a round 
 
 form ; openly ; boldly. 
 Bound'ness, n. Quality of 
 
 being round ; sphericity. 
 Bound'-rob/in, n. A petition 
 or other writing with the 
 names of the signers written 
 in a circle. 
 Bouge, V. t. To wake from 
 
 rest ; to start ; to excite. 
 Bout, n. Defeat, or confusion 
 from defeat ; a multitude ; 
 fashionable assembly. — v. 
 t. To put to llight. 
 Bpute (root or rowt), n. A 
 
 course or way. 
 Ecu-tine' (roo-teenO, n. 
 
 Round or course. 
 Bove, V. i. To ramble ; to 
 wander ; to roam ; to stroll. 
 Bov'er, n. One who roves ; a 
 
 wanderer ; a pirate. 
 Bow (rou), n. A riot. 
 Bow (r5), n. A Hne of things. 
 
 — v.t. To impel with oars: 
 Bow'el (rou'el), n. The Httle 
 wheel of a spur ; a seton. — 
 V. t.{S) To insert a rowel in. 
 Bow'en (rou/en),n. Second 
 
 growth of grass, 
 Boy'al, a. Regal ; kingly. 
 Boy'al-ist, n. An adherent 
 
 to kingly government. 
 Boy'al-ly, adv. In a kingly 
 
 manner. 
 Boy'al-ty, v. Office, state, or 
 i character of a king. 
 Bub (7), V. t. To wipe; to 
 scour. —V. i. To move 
 along with pressure.— m. 
 Friction ; difficulty. 
 ' Bub'ber, n. One who, or that 
 I which, rubs ; a decisive 
 I game or games. 
 I Bub'bish, n. Waste matter ; 
 j ruins ; fragments, [redness. 
 ! Bu'bi-€und, a. Inclining to 
 Bii'ble, n. A silver and a gold 
 
 coin of Russia. 
 Bu'bri«, ) a. Red ; placed 
 I Bii'bri-c-al, ) in rubrics. 
 Bii'bri-e, n. Directions in a 
 i prayer-book as to the order 
 j of services. 
 
 1 Bu'bri-c-ate, v. t. To dis- 
 
 RULE 
 
 tinguish with red ; to ar- 
 range as in a rubric. 
 Bu'by (19), n. A gem of a red 
 
 color. — a. Of a red color. 
 Bud'der, n. The instrument 
 
 by which a ship is steered. 
 BM'di-ness, n. Redness. 
 Bud'dy, a. Of a red color; 
 
 red ; liorid. 
 Bude, a. Uncivilized ; rough; 
 
 coarse; harsh. 
 Bude'ly, adv. Roughly ; 
 
 harshly. 
 Biide'ness, n. Condition of 
 being rude ; unevenness ; in- 
 1 civility ; coarseness. 
 Bu'di-nient, n. First prin- 
 ' ciple ; element. 
 Bu^di-ment'al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to elements ; elementary. 
 Bue, n. A very bitter plant. 
 — V. t. To lament; to re- 
 gret ; to be sorry for. 
 Bue'ful (17), a. Sorrowful. 
 Buff (l),n. A plaited cloth 
 
 round the neck ; ruffle. 
 Buf'fian (ruf/yan or iQffi- 
 f ""tin), n. A boisterous, brutal 
 ^ fellow ; a cut-throat. — a. 
 
 Brutal ; savage ; vile. 
 Buf'fian-igm (rttfyan- or 
 rtif^li-an-), n. Act or con- 
 duct of a ruffian. 
 Biif'fle, v.t. To wrinkle ; to 
 plait ; to discompose ; to 
 vex; to disturb. — n. A 
 plaited article of dress ; dis- 
 turbance ; roll of a drum. 
 Bu'fous, a. Brownish red. 
 Bvig, n. A coarse, nappy, 
 
 woolen cloth ; a mat. 
 Bug'ged, a. Rough ; harsh ; 
 
 crabbed ; shaggy ; robust. 
 Bug'ged-ness, n. Rough- . 
 
 ness ; harshness. 
 Bu'in, n. Overthrow ; de- 
 struction ; remains of build- 
 ings, &c. — f. To destroy 
 utterly : to demolish. 
 Bu'in-ous, a. Destructive; 
 
 fatal ; composed of ruins. 
 Bul'a-ble, a. Conformable to 
 rule. 
 
 Bule, n. That by which any 
 thing is regulated: govern- 
 ment; authority ; an instru- 
 ment for drawing Hues. — v. 
 t. To govern ; to mark with 
 
 &. e, 1,0; 
 
 Ty, long; 5, e, 1, o, tt, y, skort ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; p.que, firm ; 
 
RULER 
 
 lines. — V. i. To have power I 
 or command ; to decide. I 
 
 Kul'er, n. One Avho rules ; a 
 governor ; an instrument i 
 for drawing lines. 
 
 Rum, n. A spirituous liquor 
 distilled from molasses. 
 
 Rum'ble, V. r. To make a 
 low, heavy, continued 
 noise, like thunder. 
 
 Rum'bling,n. A low, heavy, 
 continuous sound. 
 
 Ru'i^i-Jiant, a. Chewing the 
 cud. — n. An animal that 
 chews the cud. 
 
 Ru'ini-nate, v. i. To chew 
 the cud ; to meditate. 
 
 Ru'mi-iia'tion, n. Act of ru- 
 minating ; meditation. 
 
 Rum'mage, n. A close search. 
 — v.t. To search or examine 
 thoroughly. 
 
 Ru'mor (33), n. A flying or 
 popular report or story. — 
 V. t. To report. 
 
 Rump, n. End of the back- 
 bone and parts adjacent. 
 
 Rum'ple, V. t. To wrinkle ; 
 to make uneven. — n. A 
 wrinkle ; an irregular fold. 
 
 Run, V. L or t. [imp. ran or 
 RUN ; p. p. RUN.] To move 
 with rapidity ; to flow ; to 
 melt ; to form in a moid. — 
 n. Flow ; course ; way ; 
 
 229 
 
 small stream ; result ; un- 
 usual demands on a bank, i 
 
 Run'a-gate, \n. A fugitive; 
 
 Run'a-way, j deserter ; ren- 
 egade, [der. 
 
 Run'dle, n. Round of a Jad- 
 
 Rung,' & p.p. of Ring. 
 
 Run'let, A small stream. 
 
 Run'ner, n. One who runs ; 
 a messenger ; a part on 
 which a sled slides. 
 
 Run'net, n. See Rennet. 
 
 Runt, n. A stunted animal. 
 
 Ru-pee', n. An East Indian 
 com ; the silver rupee is 
 cents, and the gold 7 dollars. 
 
 Rupt'ure, n. A breach ; a 
 burst; hernia. — v.t. To 
 break ; to burst. 
 
 Ru'ral, a. Belonging to the 
 country ; rustic. 
 
 Ruse, n. Artifice ; stratagem. 
 
 Rtish (18), n. A violent mo- 
 tion or course ; a plant. — 
 V. i. To pass or move with 
 vehemence. 
 
 RushMight (-lit), n. A can- 
 die with a wick made of a 
 rush. 
 
 Rush'y, a. Abounding with 
 rushes. 
 
 Riisk, n. A species of cake. 
 
 Russ, or Russ, a. Pertaining 
 to Russia!'— n. The lan- 
 guage of the Russians. 
 
 SACRIFICE 
 
 Rus'set, a. Of a reddish 
 brown color. 
 
 Rus'set, ) n. An apple of 
 
 Rus'set-ing, j a russet color. 
 
 Rus'sian (rOsh^an or vx}'- 
 shan), a. Pertaining to 
 Russia. — n. A native, or 
 the language, of Russia. 
 
 Rust, n. A crust which forms 
 on metals. — v. To make 
 or become rusty. 
 
 Rus'ti€ (5), a. Rural ; rude ; 
 inelegant; simple. — n. An 
 inhabitant of the country. 
 
 Rus'ti€-ate, v. To reside in, 
 or banish to, the country. 
 
 Rus^ti-ea'tion, n. Residence 
 in, or banishment to, the 
 country. 
 
 Rus-tiQ'i-ty, n. Rustic man- 
 ners ; rudeness ; simplicity. 
 
 Rust'i-ness, n. State or qual- 
 ity of being rusty. 
 
 Rus'tle (rus/1), V. i. To make 
 a quick succession of small 
 sounds, like the rubbing of 
 silk cloth or dry leaves. 
 
 Rust'y, a. Covered »vith rust. 
 
 Rut, n. Track worn by a 
 wheel. 
 
 Ru'ta-ba^ga, n. A variety 
 
 of turnip. 
 Ruth, n. Pity; tenderness. 
 Riith'less, a. Cruel ; pitiless. 
 Rfe (rl), n. A kind of grain. 
 
 s. 
 
 S1B'A-5tH, or Sa-ba'- 
 oth,_n. Armies; hosts. 
 Sab'ba-ta'ri-an, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the Sabbath. — n. A 
 strict observer of the Sab- 
 bath ; one who regards the 
 seventh day as holy. 
 Sab'bath, n. The day of re- 
 ligious rest ; Sunday . 
 Sab-bat'i-e, ) a. Relating to 
 Sab-b^t'i-e-al, ) the Sabbath. 
 Sa'berl (29), 
 Sa'bre ) n. A ^^^^^^ 
 sword with a _ , 
 broad blade. 
 
 Sa'ble, n. An animal of the 
 weasel kind, and its fur. — 
 a. Dark ; black. 
 
 Sa-e (5), n. A little bag or re- 
 ceptacle for some animal or 
 vegetable fluid. 
 
 Sa€'€ha-rme, a. Pertaining 
 to, or having the nature of, 
 sugar. 
 
 SaQ'er-d6'tal,a. Priestly. 
 
 Sa'chem, n. An Indian chief. 
 
 Sack (5), M. A bag ; pillage of 
 a town ; a loose upper gar- 
 ment ; a sweet wine. — v. t. 
 To pillage ; to plunder. 
 
 S&ck'but, n. A brass wind in- 
 strument of music, [sacks. 
 
 Sack'-eloth, n. Cloth for 
 
 Sa-e'ra-ment, w. A solemn 
 religious ordinance, espe- 
 cially the Lord's Supper. 
 
 Sa-e'ra-ment'al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to a sacrament. 
 
 Sa'€red, a. Pertaining to 
 God or religion. — SYJf. 
 Holy ; divine ; consecrated. 
 
 Sa'€red-ly, adv. Religiously. 
 
 Sa'-ered-ness, n. State op 
 quaUty of being sacred. 
 
 Sa-e'ri-flce (-fiz), v. t. To offer 
 
 B6n, or, cks, wglf, UTo, tcTok; firn, rye, pyll ; f, *, soft; €, g, hard; as; e^ist \ q as ng; this. 
 
SACRIFICIAL 
 
 230 
 
 SALUTATION 
 
 to God in worship ; to de- 
 stroy ; to give up with loss. 
 — n. An offering to God; 
 any loss incurred. 
 
 Sa€^ri-fi'cial (-fish/al), a. 
 Pertaining to sacrifice. 
 
 Sa-e'ri-lege, n. A violation of 
 sacredr-things. 
 
 Sa^^ri-le'gious, a. Violating 
 sacred things ; involving sac- 
 rilege ; profane ; impious. 
 
 Sa^^ri-le'gious-ly, adv. Im- 
 pioasly ; profanely. 
 
 Sa€'ris-tan, w. A sexton. 
 
 Sa-e'ris-ty, n. A vestry room. 
 
 SM, a. Sorrowful ; gloomy ; 
 cheerless ; grave. 
 
 Sd,d'den (sad'dn), v. To make 
 or become sad. 
 
 Sad'dle, n. A seat for the 
 back of a horse. — v. t. To 
 put a saddle on. [dies. 
 
 Sad'dler, n. A maker of sad- 
 
 S3<d'd.ler-y, n. Materials for 
 saddles and harnesses. 
 
 SM'dle-tree, n. The frame of 
 a saddle. 
 
 SM'du-gee, n. One of a Jew- 
 ish sect which denied the 
 resurrection. [iron. 
 
 Sad'-i^ron (-i/urn), n. A flat- 
 
 SM'ly , arlv. In a sad manner ; 
 sorrowfully. [sad. 
 
 SM'ness, n. State of being 
 
 Safe, Free from danger; 
 secure. — n. A place to se- 
 cure provisions, money, &c. 
 
 Safe'-eon^duct, n. A convoy 
 or guard ; a pass or warrant 
 of security. 
 
 Safe'guard, n. A thing that 
 protects ; a defense ; a pass- 
 port ; a safe-conduct. 
 
 Safe'ly, adv. Securely. 
 
 Safe'ty (10), n. Freedom from 
 danger or loss ; security. . 
 
 Safe'ty-vaive, n. A valve by 
 which a steam-boiler is pre- 
 served from bursting. 
 
 saffron, n. A plant bearing 
 a yellow flower. — a. Like 
 saffron. 
 
 Sag, V. i. To swag ; to incline. 
 Sa-ga'ciou8, a. Of keen pen- 
 etration and judgment ; 
 sage ; wise, 
 j Sa-ga'cioiis-ly, adv. With 
 i sagacity. 
 
 Sa-g&Q'i-ty, n. Quick dis- 1 
 cernment; penetration. 
 
 Sag'a-m5re, n. An Indian 
 chief ; a sachem. 
 
 Sage, a. Wise ; sagacious ; 
 discreet. — n. A wise man ; 
 a plant or herb. 
 
 Sage'ly, adv. Wisely ; saga- 
 ciously ; acutely. 
 
 Sag'it-tal, a. Pertaining to 
 an arrow. 
 
 Sa'go, n. Granulated starch 
 from a species of palm. 
 
 Said (sed, 14), imp. & p.p. of 
 Say. 
 
 Sail, n. A ship's canvas; a 
 ship of any kind ; excursion 
 on the water. — v. To be 
 conveyed on the water, with 
 or without sails ; to fly 
 through ; to manage, as a 
 vessel. 
 
 Sail'-eloth, n. Canvas used 
 for making sails. 
 
 Sail'-loft, n. A loft or room 
 where sails are made. 
 
 Sai'lor, n. A seaman. 
 
 SaiP-yard, n. Yard or spar 
 on which sails are extended. 
 
 Saint, n. One eminent for 
 piety. — v. t. To make a 
 saint of ; to canonize. 
 
 Saint 'ed, a. Holy ; sacred. 
 
 Saint'ly, a. Resembling a 
 saint ; holy. 
 
 Sake, n. Final cause ; pur- 
 pose ; end ; reason. 
 
 Sal'a-ble (ll),a. Fitforsale. 
 
 Sa-la'cious, a. Lustful ; lewd. 
 
 Sal'ad, n. Food of raw herbs. 
 
 Sal'a-man/der, n. A small 
 reptile, formerly thought to 
 be able to live in fire. 
 
 SaPa-ried, a. Having a salary. 
 
 SaPa-ry(19), A stated al- 
 lowance for services. 
 
 Sale, n. Act of selling ; mar- 
 ket ; demand. 
 
 SaPe-ra'tus, n. A bi-ca-bo- 
 nate of potash, used in 
 cookery. 
 
 Sales'man (21), n. One em- 
 ployed to sell goods. 
 
 SaPi-C, a. Designating a law 
 which excludes females from 
 the throne. 
 
 Sa'li-ent, a. Shooting out or 
 up ; hence, prominent. 
 
 SaPi-fPa-ble (13), a. Capa- 
 ble of becoming a salt. 
 
 SaPi-fy, V. t. To form into a 
 salt, as a base. 
 
 Sa-llne', or Sa'lme, a. Salt. 
 — n. A salt spring. 
 
 Sa-lPva, n. The fluid secret- 
 ed in the mouth ; spittle. 
 
 SaPi-va-ry, a. Secreting sa- 
 liva, as the glands. 
 
 SaPi-vate, v. t. To excite an 
 unusual discharge of saliva 
 in, as by the use of mercury. 
 
 SaPi-va'tion, n. A continued 
 unnatural flow of saliva. 
 
 SaPlow, a. Of a pale, sickly, 
 yellow color. — n. A tree or 
 shrub of the willow kind. 
 
 SaP15w-nes9, n. Paleness 
 tinged with a dark yellow. 
 
 SaPly , n. A sudden eruption ; 
 wild gayety. — v. i. To leap 
 or rush out. 
 
 SaPly-port, n. A gate 
 through which troops sally. 
 
 SaPma-gun'di, n. Chopped 
 meat and pickled herring, 
 seasoned with oil, vinegar, 
 &c. 
 
 SaPmon (sSm^un), n. A large 
 fish, of a yellowish red color. 
 
 Sa-ldbn', n. A spacious and 
 elegant apartment. 
 
 SaPsi-fy, n. A garden plant. 
 
 Salt, n. A substance used for 
 seasoning food ; an old sai- 
 lor ; a combination of an acid 
 with a base. — v. t. To 
 sprinkle with salt. 
 
 Sal-ta'tion, n. Act of leaping. 
 
 SaPta-to-ry, a. Leaping or 
 dancing, or used therein. 
 
 Salt'-gei'lar, n. A small dish 
 for salt at table. 
 
 Saltiness, n. Taste of salt. 
 
 Salt-pe'ter, ) n. A mineral 
 
 Salt-pe'tre, j salt composed 
 of nitric acid and potash. 
 
 Salt'-rheum (-rijm), n. An 
 affection of the skin. 
 
 Sa-lii'bri-ous, a. Healthful. 
 
 Sa-lu'bri-ty, n. Healthful- 
 ness ; wholesomeness. 
 
 SaPu-ta-ry, a. Promoting 
 health or safety. 
 
 SaPu-taaion,n. Act of greet- 
 ing another. — Syn. Greet- 
 ing ; salute ; address. 
 
 a, C, T, 0 ,u, y, long; 5, e, !, 6, tt, 5^, short ; care, car, &sk, gU, wh^t ; ere, Tgil, term ; pYqup, Hrm ; 
 
SALUTATORIAN 231 
 
 SATIATE 
 
 Sa-lu'ta-to'ri-an, n. A stu- 
 dent who pronounces a sal- 
 utatory oration. 
 
 Sa-lu'ta-to-ry, a. Contain- 
 ing salutations or a welcome. 
 
 Sa-lute', t. To greet; to 
 hail ; to kiss ; to honor. — 
 n. Act of saluting ; a kiss ; 
 discharge of cannon. 
 
 Sai'va-ble, a. Capable of be- 
 ing saved. 
 
 Sai' vage , n . Reward for sav- 
 ing a ship or its cargo. 
 
 Gal-va'tion, n. Act of sav- 
 ing ; preservation, especially 
 preservation, from eternal 
 misery. 
 
 Salve (sdv), n. A substance 
 for covering wounds or sores. 
 SaPver, n. A plate or waiter 
 
 to present something on. 
 Z^Vyo, n. [pi. Sai'vo§, 18.) 
 An exception; military or 
 naval salute ; a volley. 
 Same, n. Identical ; not dif- 
 ferent or other ; similar. 
 Same'ness, n. Identity ; 
 
 resemblance; similarity. 
 Sa'mi-el, n. A destructive 
 wind from the desert, in 
 Arabia ; the simoom. 
 Samp, n. Maize broken coarse, 
 
 and boiled with milk. 
 SS-m'phire (or sam/fur), n. 
 A plant growing by the sea- 
 shore, and used as a pickle. 
 Sam'ple, n. A specimen. 
 SS-m'pler , n . A collection of 
 
 needle-work ; patterns. 
 San'a-tive, I a. Adapted to 
 San'a-to-ry^ ) cure ; healing. 
 San-e^ti-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 
 sanctifying. 
 San-e'ti-fy(13), v. t. To make 
 
 sacred or holy. 
 San-e-'ti-mo'nl-ous, a. Ap- 
 pearing holy ; saintly. 
 San€'ti-mo-ny, n. Hypo- 
 critical devoutness. 
 San-c'tion, n. That which 
 confirms ; solemn ratifica- 
 tion. — V. t. To ratify ; to give 
 sanction or authority to. 
 S§.n-c'ti-ty, n. Holiness ; puri- 
 ty ; religious binding fbrce. 
 San-et'u-a-ry, n. A sacred 
 place ; house of worship ' 
 place of refuge. 
 
 San€'tum, n. A place of re- 
 treat for privacy. 
 Sa,nd, n. Fine 
 particles of 
 stony matter. 
 San'dal,n. A 
 
 kind of shoe Sandals. 
 or slipper. 
 S^n'dal-wobd, n. A yellow, 
 fragrant Kastern wood, and 
 the tree producing it. I 
 S3,n'di-ver, n. A whitish 
 
 scum on melted glass. I 
 S^nd'stone, H. A rock made 
 of sand more or less firmly j 
 united. j 
 S3,nd'wich, n. Pieces of 
 bread and butter with a 
 slice of meat between them. 
 — V. t. To make into a sand- i 
 wich, or into something Uke 
 one ; to interlard. | 
 San'dy, a. Full of sand; of 
 
 the color of sand. 
 Sane, a. Sound in mind; not 
 deranged ; whole ; healthy, 
 sang, imp. of Sing. 
 San'ga-ree', n. Sweetened 
 aiid spiced wine and water. 
 Sang-froid (song-frw.V), n. 
 
 Cool blood; indifference. 
 San-guif'er-ous, a. Convey- 
 ing blood. 
 San'gui-na-ry, a. Bloody; 
 
 eager to shed blood ; cruel. 
 San'guine (siiug/gwin), a. 
 Red, like blood; full of 
 blood; confident; full of 
 hope. [ing with blood. 
 San-gum'e-ous, a. Abound- 
 San'he-drmi, n. The su- 
 preme council of the Jews. 
 Sa'ni-ous, a. Pertaining to, 
 or emitting, a thiu watery 
 fluid. 
 
 San'i-ta-ry, a. Pertaining to 
 
 health. [mind. 
 San'i-ty, n. Soundness of 
 Sank, imp. of Sink. 
 San's-erit, ) n. The ancient 
 San'skrit, j language of 
 
 Hindostan. 
 Sap, n. Vital juice of plants. 
 
 — V. t. To undermine; to 
 
 subvert by digging. 
 Sap'id, a. Well tasted ; having 
 I a relish ; savory. [ness. 
 1 Sa-pid'i-ty, n. taste ; savori- 
 
 Sa'pl-enge, «. Wisdom. 
 Sa'pi-ent, a. Wise ; sagacioua 
 S^p'less, a. Having no sap ; 
 
 dry ; withered. 
 Sap'ling, n. A young tree. 
 Sap^o-na'ceous, a. Having 
 
 the qualities of soap ; soapy. 
 Sa-p6n'i-fy, v. t. To convert 
 
 into soap. [relish. 
 Sa'por, n. Taste ; savor*, 
 Sap'phi€ (sSfik), a. Per- 
 taining to Sappho, a Grecian 
 
 poetess. 
 Sap'phire (sarir or sifur), n. 
 
 A precious stone. 
 SS,p'phir-ine (safur-in), a. 
 
 Made of, or like, sapphire. 
 SS,p'py,a. Full of sap ; juicy. 
 S^r'a-band, n. A grave 
 
 Spanish dance. 
 Sar'-eagm.n. Bitter reproach. 
 Sar-eas'ti€, I a. Bitterly 
 Sar-eas'ti€-al, j satirical; 
 
 scornfully severe. 
 Sarge'net, n. A fine, thin 
 
 silk, used for linings, &c. 
 Sar-c6ph'a-gns, n. A stone 
 
 coffin. 
 
 Sar'di-us, n. A precious 
 stone ; a carnelian. 
 
 Sar-d6n'i€, a. Forced, heart- 
 less, or bitter; — said of a 
 laugh or smile. 
 
 Sar'do-nyx, n. A precious 
 stone of a reddish yellow 
 color, allied to the onyx. 
 
 Sar'sa-pa-ril'la, n. A species 
 of medicinal plant. 
 
 sash, n. Ornamental belt or 
 band ; a window-frame. 
 
 Sas'sa-fras, n. A certain tree 
 that has an aromatic bark. 
 
 Sat, imp. of Sit. 
 
 Saltan, n. The great adver- 
 sary of man ; the devil. 
 
 Sa-tan'i-e, {a. Having the 
 
 Sa-tan'i-e-al, ) qualities of 
 Satan ; very wicked. 
 
 Satch'el, n. A little sack or 
 bag for books and papers. 
 
 Sate, V. t. To satisfy; to 
 glut ; to satiate ; to surfeit. 
 
 Sat'el-lite, w. A small planet 
 revolving round a larger ; an 
 obsequious attendant. 
 
 Sa'ti-ate (sa/shi-at), v. t. To 
 fill or gratify to the utmost; j ' 
 to satisfy ; to sate. | 
 
 B6n, or, do, wglf, too, tdbk ; tlrn, rjje, prill ; 9, soft; e, g, hard; ag ; exist ; as ng ; this. 
 
SATIATE 
 
 232 
 
 SUAivijriiiK 
 
 Sa'ti-ate, a. Filled to satiety. 
 
 Sa-ti'e-ty, n. Fullness beyond 
 desire or pleasure. 
 
 Safin, n. A glossy silk. 
 
 SaVin-et', n. A woolen cloth. 
 
 Sat'ire {in Eng. Siit-'ur), n. 
 A discourse or poem con- 
 taining severe censure ; 
 trenchant wit. 
 
 Sa-tir'i€, } «. Censorious ; 
 
 Sa-tir'i€-al, j sarcastic ; se- 
 vere in language. 
 
 Sa-tir'i€-al-ly, adv. With 
 satire. [satire. 
 
 52, t'ir-ist, n. One wlio writes 
 Sat'ir-ize, v. t. To make the 
 
 object of satire. 
 
 Sat/is-fa€'tion, n. Content ; 
 gratification of desire ; that 
 which satisfies. 
 
 SS,t/is-fa€'to-ri-ly, adv. So 
 as to give content. 
 
 Sa-t^ls-fac'to-ry, a. Giving 
 content ; making amends. 
 
 Sat'is-fy, v. t. To content ; 
 to discharge, as a debt, &c. ; 
 to give assurance to. 
 
 Sa'trap, or Sat'rap, n. Gov- 
 ernor of a province in an- 
 cient Persia. 
 
 SS-fu-ratej-u. t. To cause to 
 become completely soaked. 
 
 53, t/u-ra'tion, n. State of 
 being saturated. 
 
 SS.t'ur-day, n. The last day 
 of the week. 
 
 Sat'urn, n. A remote planet. 
 
 Sat^ur-na'li-a, n. pi. Festi- 
 val of Saturn ; unrestrained 
 license and merriment. 
 
 Sftt/ur-na'li-an, a. Riotously 
 merry ; dissolute. 
 
 Sa.t'ur-nme, a. Grave ; 
 heavy; dull; phlegmatic. 
 
 Sa'tyr, n. A fabulous sylvan 
 deity, half man, half goat. 
 
 Sauge, n. Something eaten 
 with food to improve its 
 relish, — v. t. To apply 
 sauce to ; to be impudent or 
 saucy to. 
 
 Sauge'bdx, n. A saucy fellow. 
 
 Sau'ger, n. A vessel for a 
 teacup. 
 
 Sau'gi-ly, adv. Impudently. 
 Sau'gy, a. Pert ; impudent. 
 Saun'ter (san'ter), v. t. To 
 Avander about idly. 
 
 Sau'ri-an, n. A reptile of the 
 
 lizard kind. 
 Sau'sage, n. A roll of 
 
 ininced and highly seasoned 
 
 meat stuffed into a skin. 
 Sav'a-ble (11), a. Capable of 
 
 being saved. 
 S^v'age, «. Uncivilized ; 
 
 barbarous ; cruel. — n. An 
 
 uncivilized person ; one who 
 
 delights in cruelty. [ly. 
 S5,v'age-ly, adv. Barbarous- 
 Sav'age-ness, n. Barbarous- 
 
 ness ; cruelty ; wildness. 
 Sav'age-ry, n. Barbarity. 
 Sa-van'na (18), n. An open 
 
 meadow or plain. 
 Savant (sa^vong'), n. A man 
 
 of learning. 
 Save, V. t. To preserve; to 
 
 rescue ; to spare ; to except. 
 
 — V. i. To avoid expense. 
 Sav'ing, a. Frugal ; eco- 
 nomical. — n. That which 
 
 is saved. — prep. With the 
 
 exception of. 
 Sav'ior I (33), n. One who 
 Sav'iour ) preserves ; our 
 
 Lord Jesus Christ. 
 Sa'vor (33), n. Taste ; relish ; 
 
 odor ; smell ; scent. — v. i. 
 
 To have a taste or smell. 
 Sa'vor-y, a. Pleasing to the 
 
 taste or smell . [bage. 
 Sa-voy', n. A kind of cab- 
 Saw, n. An instrument to 
 
 "cut boards, &c. ; a saying ; a 
 
 proverb. — v. t. or /. [imp. 
 
 SAWED ; p. p. SAWED, 
 
 SAWN.] To cut or divide 
 with a saw. 
 
 Saw'-pit, n. A pit for a man 
 to stand in when sawing 
 timber placed over it. 
 
 Saw'yer, n. One whose oc- 
 cupation is to saw wood, &c. 
 
 Sax'i-fra^e, n. A hardy 
 plant growing on rocks. 
 
 Sax'on {or silks/n), a. Per- 
 taining to the Saxons. — n. 
 The language of the Saxons. 
 
 Say (14), V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SAID.] To speak ; to utter ; 
 to tell ; to affirm ; to re- 
 cite ; to report. — n. A 
 speech ; something said. 
 
 Say'ing, n. An expression ; 
 sentence uttered ; a maxim. 
 
 S-c3,b, w. Incrustation over 
 a sore or wound. [sword. 
 
 S^ab'bard, n. Sheath of a 
 
 S-eab'bed, a. Covered with 
 scabs, paltry, vile. 
 
 S-eaVby, a. Full of scabs. 
 
 S^a'brous, a. Having short, 
 hard points ; rough ; rugged. 
 
 Scaffold, n. A staging for 
 workmen, or for the execu- 
 tion of a criminal. 
 
 S-eaf'fold-ing, n. Frame or 
 structure for temporary sup- 
 port. 
 
 S^agl-io'la (skal-yo'-), n. A 
 species of stucco made to 
 imitate marble. 
 
 S-ea-lade', n. Assault with 
 ladders on a besieged place. 
 
 S-eald, V. t. To burn by a 
 hot liquid or steam. — n. A 
 burning with hot liquor or 
 steam ; scurf on the head. 
 
 Seald, n. An old Norse bard. 
 
 S-cald'-head, n. An eruptive 
 disorder of the hairy scalp. 
 
 S€ale, n. Divsh of a balance ; 
 one of the membranous or 
 bony pieces forming the 
 covering of a fish ; grada- 
 tion ; gamut. — V. t. To 
 strip of scales ; to mount 
 by or as if by a ladder. — 
 V. i. To clear of scales ; to 
 take off in thin layers. 
 
 S^a-lene', a. Having three 
 unequal sides and angles. 
 
 S-ea'li-ness, n. State or qual- 
 ity of being scaly. 
 
 Scall'ion, n. A plant allied 
 to the onion. 
 
 S<;al'lop, n. A marine shell- 
 fish; a curved indentation 
 on the edge of any thing. — 
 V. t. To cut the edge of 
 into segments of circles. 
 
 S^aip, n. Skin of the top of 
 the head. — f. t. To take 
 off the scalp of. [knife. 
 
 S^aip'el, n. A surgeon's 
 
 S^al'y, a. Abounding with 
 scales ; rough. 
 
 S^am'mo-ny, n. A plant 
 and an inspissated sap ob- 
 tained from it. 
 
 S-e3,mp, n. A knavish fellow. 
 
 S^^mp'er, v. /. To run with 
 speed or hurry. 
 
 5, e, T, 5, Q, 5^, long / o, Xi,^, short ; care, car, isk, aU, wh^t j gre, vqU, term ; pique, «rm ; 
 
SCAN 
 
 233 
 
 SCINTILLATE 
 
 S«a,n {!), V. t. To examine 
 closely ; to measure by 
 counting the poetic feet. 
 
 S-ean'dal, n. Imputed dis- 
 grace ; defamatory speech or 
 report ; calumny. 
 
 S€an'dal-Ize, t'. t. To offend ; 
 to defame ; to reproach. 
 
 S€an'dal-ous, a. Disgraceful 
 to reputation ; defamatory. 
 
 S^an'ning, n. Act of resolv- 
 ing a verse into its com- 
 ponent feet. 
 
 Scan'sion, n. Act of scan- 
 ning verse. [climbing. 
 
 S€an-s5'ri-al, a. Adapted to 
 
 S-eant, v. t. To limit ; to 
 straiten ; to make scanty. — 
 a. Scarcely sufficient. — 
 adc. Not quite. 
 
 S-eant'i-ly, I ai/i*. Not fully 
 
 S€ant'ly, ) or sufficiently. 
 
 S^ant'i-ness, ) n. Want of 
 
 S^ant'ness, j sufficiency. 
 
 S-cant'ling, n. A narrow- 
 piece of timber. 
 
 Scarify , n. Hardly sufficient ; 
 sparing ; niggardly ; scant. 
 
 S€ape, n. A peduncle rising 
 from the ground and bear- 
 ing the fructification in its 
 apex. 
 
 S<;ape'-g6at (17), n. One 
 who suffers for the misdeeds 
 of others. 
 
 S^ape'-graQe, n. A grace- 
 less, hair-brained fellow. 
 
 S-ea,p'u-la, n. [pi. S-eap'u-lse.) 
 The shoulder-blade. 
 
 S^^p'u-lar, a. Belonging to 
 the shoulder or scapula. 
 
 S€ap'u-la-ry, n. Part of an 
 ecclesiastical habit. 
 
 S«ar, n. Mark of a wound. — 
 V. t. To mark with a scar. 
 
 S-earQe,a. Uncommon ; rare ; 
 not abundant. 
 
 ScarQe'ly, adv. Hardly ; 
 with difficulty. 
 
 S-ear'gi-ty, n. Deficiency ; 
 want ; lack ; dearth. 
 
 S-eare, ^'. t. To terrify sud- 
 denly ; to frighten ; to af- 
 fright. 
 
 S-care'-erow, n. A thing set 
 up to frighten birds. 
 
 S-earf (18), n. A loose cover- 
 ing of cloth ; part cut away 
 
 from a timber to make it 
 form a joint with another. 
 — V. t. "To throw on loose- 
 ly ; to cut a scarf on, as for 
 a joint on timber. 
 
 S€arf'-skm, n. Outer thin 
 skin ; cuticle. 
 
 S€ar/i-fI-€a'tion, n. A slight 
 incision of the sldn. 
 
 Sear'i-fy, f. t. To scratch 
 and cut, as the skin. [ver. 
 
 S-ear^la-ti'na, n. Scarlet fe- 
 
 S-ear-iat'i-ncus, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the scarlet fever. 
 
 S-eiir'let, n. An orange-red 
 color. — a. Of an orange- 
 red color. 
 
 S^ar'lct Fe'ver. A conta- 
 gious disorder, characterized 
 by a scarlet rash. 
 
 S-carp, n. Interior slope of a 
 ditch nearest the parapet. 
 
 S-eath, )v.t. To do harm 
 
 Scathe, ) to ; to injure ; to 
 damage ; to destroy. 
 
 Sc^th'less, a. Withoutharm. 
 
 S-eat'ter, v, t. To spread 
 thinly ; to disperse ; to dis- 
 sipate ; to strew about. 
 
 S€^v'en-ger, n. One em- 
 ployed to clean streets. 
 
 Sgene, n. A stage ; subordi- 
 nate part of a play ; exhibi- 
 tion ; place of exhibition. 
 
 Sgen'er-y, 7i. Painted rep- 
 resentation of the scenes in 
 a play ; landscape. 
 
 SQen'i-c. or Sge'iii-e, ) a.Dra- 
 
 Sgen'i-e-al (sen^-), j matic ; 
 theatrical. 
 
 Sge-ndg/ra-phy, n. Repre- 
 sentation in perspective. 
 
 SgSnt, n. Odor ; smell ; sense 
 of smell. — V. t. To smell ; 
 to perfume. 
 
 SgSnt'less, a. Having no 
 smell. 
 
 SgSp'ter, ) n. Ensign of roy- 
 Sgep-tre, j alty. 
 S€ep'ti€, n. See Skeptic. 
 S-ehed'ule (sked'yijl), n. An 
 
 inventory of property, 
 
 debts, &c. ; list ; catalogue. 
 Scheme (skem), n. A plan ; 
 
 project ; contrivance. — v. t. 
 
 To plan ; to contrive. 
 S-chem'er, w. A contriver. 
 Schism (sizm), n. Division 
 
 or separation, especially in 
 a church. 
 Schig-mat'ic (siz-mat'ik), n. 
 
 One guilty of schism. 
 Schis-mat'i€ I (^*iz-), a. 
 Schis-mat'i-e-al ) Pertaining 
 to, "or partaking of, schism. 
 S€h61'ar (skoPar), n. A learn- 
 er ; a learned person ; a pu- 
 pil ; a disciple. 
 
 S€h61'ar-llke, ) a. Like, or 
 S€h61'ar-ly, j becoming, 
 a scholar. [erudition. 
 
 S-chol'ar-ship, n. Learning ; 
 
 S-cho-ias'ti-e, a. Pertaining 
 to a school, or to the school- 
 men of the middle ages. 
 
 S-cho-las'ti-Qism, n. The 
 method or the subtilties of 
 the schools. [tor. 
 
 S€h6'li-ast, n. A commenta- 
 
 S€hoai-um, 71. (Lat. pi. 
 S«ho'li-a ; Ens- pi- S€h5'- 
 li-um§.) An explanatory 
 observation. 
 
 School (skobl), n. A place of 
 discipline and instruction ; 
 a sect. — V. t. To instruct ; 
 to tutor ; to discipHne. 
 
 S€hdbl'-feP15w, n. One bred 
 at the same school and time 
 with another. 
 
 S-chdbl'-house, n. A house 
 for a school. 
 
 SchdbPing, n. Instruction. 
 
 S€ho~oPman (21), n. One 
 versed in scholastic divinity. 
 
 S-ehdbP-mas/ter, n . A male 
 teacher of a school. 
 
 S-ehobn'er, n. A JMrn 
 small, sharp-built 
 vessel, usually ^^^^k- 
 with two masts. W^SM^ 
 
 Sgi-at'i€, a. ^^'i^^' ^cIioouqu 
 ing the hip. 
 
 Sgi-at'i€-a, n. Rheumatism 
 in the hip. 
 
 Sgi'enge, n. Knowledge ; col- 
 lection of general principles ; 
 philosophical knowledge. 
 
 Sgi'en-tif ic, ) a. Accord- 
 
 SgFen-tif ic-al, j ing to, or 
 versed in, science. 
 
 Sgmail-la'tion, n. Act of 
 sparkling or twinkling. 
 
 Sgin'til-late, v. t. To emit 
 sparks ; to sparkle ; to 
 twinkle. 
 
 96n, or, do. wolf, too, took : firn, rne, pull ; C, §, soft ; €, g. hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
SCIOLISM 
 
 234 
 
 SCROFULA 
 
 SQi'o-lism, n. Superficial 
 
 knowledge. 
 SgPo-list, n. A superficial 
 
 scholar ; a smatterer. 
 Sgi'on, n. Shoot of a plant 
 
 cut for ingrafting. 
 S-cir-rhos'i-tj (rl:lr-ros/-), n. 
 
 A morbid induration, as of 
 
 a gland. 
 S-cir'rhous (skir^rus), a. In- 
 durated. 
 S-cir'rhus (skir^rus), n. A 
 
 hard tumor in the llesh. 
 SQis'sion (sizVun), n. A di- 
 
 Tiding by means of a sharp 
 
 instrument. 
 Scis'sors (siz^zurz), n. A 
 
 small cutting instrument. 
 S-eie-rot'i-e, a. Hard or firm, 
 
 as the outer coat of the eye. 
 S-eoff or To treat 
 
 ■with scorn ; to mock ; to 
 
 jeer. — n. Expression of 
 
 scorn ; mockery ; derision. 
 S-eold, V. i. or t. To find fault ; 
 
 to chide. — w. One who 
 
 scolds ; a shrew. 
 S€old'ing, n. Act of chiding. 
 S-ednge, n. A fixed hanging 
 
 or projecting candlestick ; 
 
 the skull ; sense. 
 S€obp, n. A large ladle ; a 
 
 sweep. — V. t. To lade out ; 
 
 to cut into a hollow. 
 S€6pe, n. Sweep or range of 
 
 the eye or mind; that at 
 
 which one aims ; free course. 
 
 — Syn. Space ; room ; in- 
 tention ; tendency ; drift. 
 S-eor-bu'ti-c, a. Diseased with 
 
 scurv}^ 
 
 S-eorch, v. t.- To burn on the 
 surface. 
 
 S-Core, n. A notch ; a tally- 
 mark ; twenty ; a reckoning ; 
 account. — v. t. To notch ; 
 to cut ; to mark ; to charge. 
 
 S-eo'ri-a, n. Dross ; recre- 
 ment ; slag. 
 
 S-eorn, n. Extreme and pas- 
 sionate contempt. — v. t. To 
 hold in extreme contempt ; 
 to contemn ; to disdain. 
 
 S-corn'er, n. One who scorns. 
 
 S€6rn'ful (17), a. Full of 
 scorn ;' expressive of scorn ; 
 I disdainful; haughty; con- 
 temptuous. 
 
 Scorpion. 
 
 S-eor'pl-on, n. A 
 
 reptile. 
 S-eot, n. A na-l 
 tive of Scot- 
 land ; a tax or 
 fine. 
 
 S-eotch., a. Pertaining to Scot- 
 land. — V. t. To stop, as a 
 wheel, from rolling back ; to 
 cut slightly. 
 
 Scotch'-eoPlops, Veal 
 cut into small pieces. 
 
 S€6t'-free, a. Excused from 
 payment. 
 
 S-eot'ti-Qigm, n. An idiom of 
 the Scots. 
 
 S^ot'tish, a. Pertaining to 
 Scotland or to the Scots. 
 
 S-eoun'drel, n. A mean, 
 worthless fellow ; a rascal. 
 
 S'COun'drel-ism, w. Conduct 
 of a scoundrel. 
 
 S-eour, V. t. To clean by rub- 
 bing hard. 
 
 S-eourge (skfirj), M. A whip ; 
 a lash ; punishment. — v. t. 
 To whip severely. 
 
 S«out, n. One sent to dis- 
 cover the movements and 
 condition of an enemy ; a 
 spy. — V. i. To act as a 
 scout. — V. t. To sneer at. 
 
 S-eow, n. A large flat-bot- 
 tomed boat. 
 
 S-eowl, ^*. I. To wrinkle the 
 brows in displeasure. — n. 
 A wrinkling of the brows in 
 frowning. 
 
 S-er^b'ble, v. To scrape rude- 
 ly ; to scramble: to scrawl. 
 
 S-erag, n. Something lean 
 aad thin ; a neck-piece of 
 meat. 
 
 S-erS,g'ged, ) a. Broken ; lean 
 S^rag'gy, j and rough. 
 S-erS,g'gi-ness, n. llugged- 
 
 ness of surface ; leanness. 
 S-eram'ble, v. i. To clamber 
 
 with hands and knees. — n. 
 
 A scrambling or climbing. 
 S-erap, n. A little piece ; a 
 
 fragment ; a crumb'; a bit. 
 S^r^p'-bdbk, n. A blank 
 
 book for extracts. 
 Scrape, v. t. To rub with a 
 
 rough tool. — V. i. To make 
 
 an awkward bow. —n. A 
 
 disagreeable predicament. 
 
 S-crap'er, n. An instrument 
 for scraping and cleaning. 
 
 S-cratch, v. t. or i. To rub 
 and tear the surface of. — 
 71. A slight wound ; a sort 
 of wig ; [pi.) dry scabs be- 
 tween a horse's heel and 
 pastern joint. 
 
 S-erawl, v. t. or t. To write 
 or mark awkwardly. — n. 
 Hasty, bad writing. [ed. 
 
 S-eraw'ny, a. Meagre ; wast- 
 
 S€reak, v. n. To creak, as a 
 door. — n. A creaking. 
 
 S-eream, r. i. To utter a sud- 
 den, shrill cry. — 7i. A shrill 
 outcry j a screech. 
 
 S-ereech, v. i. To shriek ; to 
 scream. — n. A. harsh, shrill 
 cry ; a scream . 
 
 S-ereed,«. A wooden rule for 
 running moldings. 
 
 Screen, v. t. To conceal ; to 
 shelter ; to defend ; to pass 
 through a screen. — n. 
 Something that shelters, or 
 shuts off view, &c. ; a parti- 
 tion ; a long, coarse sieve. 
 
 S€rew (skrij), n 
 A cylinder, or a 
 cylindrical per- 
 foration, grooved 
 spirally , used for 
 various pur- 
 poses. — v. t. Toi 
 fasten with 
 screw. 
 
 S-erib'ble, V. ?. or t. 
 without care. — n 
 writing. 
 
 Scrib'bler, n. A petty writer. 
 
 'S<5ribe, n. A writer ; a clerk ; 
 a Jewish teacher of the law. 
 
 S-erimp, v. t. To contract : to 
 shorten ; to scant, [of stock. 
 
 S-erip, w. A bag ; a certificate 
 
 Script, «. Type in the form 
 of written letters. 
 
 Script'ur-al, «• Contained 
 
 in, or according to, the 
 
 Scriptures. 
 Script'ure, n. The Old and 
 
 New Testaments. 
 Serive'ner, n. One who 
 
 draws contracts, &c. 
 S-crof u-la, n. A disease affect- 
 
 Screw. 
 
 To write 
 Careless 
 
 , G, u, y, long; S, e, i. 6, tt, y, short; cSre, oar, ask, ^U, wh^t ; Ere, vfiU, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
SCROFULOUS 
 
 235 
 
 secedp:r 
 
 ing the lymphatic glands, I 
 especially those of the neck. 
 
 S€r6f'u-lous, a. Diseased 1 
 with scrofula. [up. | 
 
 Scroll (1), n. A writing rolled : 
 
 S-erub, n. A worn brush ; a 
 mean drudge. — v. To rub | 
 hard with something coarse. 
 
 Scrub'by, a. Small and 
 mean ; stunted in growth. 
 
 S-eru'ple, n. A doubt ; hesita- 
 tion ; a weight of 20 grains. 
 
 — V. To doubt ; to hesitate. 
 S-eru'pu-16s'i-ty,n. Quality 
 
 of being scrupulous. 
 
 S€ru/pu-lous, a. Hesitating 
 or 'doubtful; careful; cau- 
 tious ; conscientiouet. 
 
 S€ru'ti-nize, r. To exam- 
 ine or search closely. 
 
 Scru'ti-ny, n. Close search. 
 
 Scrii-toire' (skrij-twor^), n. 
 A case of drawers for papers. 
 
 Scud, V. i. To be driven with 
 haste. — n. A low thin 
 cloud driven by the wind. 
 
 S-euf'fle,n. A confused quar- 
 rel or contest. — v. i. To 
 strive with close grapple. 
 
 Scull, n. A short oar ; a 
 boat. — V. t. To impel, as 
 a boat, by turning an oar at 
 the stern. 
 
 Scull'er-y, n. A place for 
 keeping kitchen utensils, 
 and doing dirty work. 
 
 Scull'ion, n. A menial serv- 
 ant in the kitchen. [ures. 
 
 Sculpt'or, n. One who sculpt- 
 
 S-eulpt'ure,w. Art of carving 
 stone or wood into images ; 
 carved work. — v. t. To 
 carve ; to cut ; to engrave. 
 
 Scum, n. Froth or impuri- 
 ties on the surface of liquor. 
 
 — V. t. To take the scum 
 from ; to skim. 
 
 Scup'per, n. A hole or chan- 
 nel cut through the side of 
 a ship to discharge water 
 from the deck. 
 Scurf, n. A dry scab ; mealy 
 crust. [being scurfy. 
 
 Scurf'i-ness(13), n. State of 
 Scurfy, a. Having scurf. 
 Scur'nle, I a. Grossly op- 
 Scur'ril-ous, ) probrious ; 
 low ; mean. 
 
 Sciir-ril'i-ty,n. Vulgar, abu- 
 sive language. 
 
 Scur'vy, 71. A disease. — a. 
 Scurfy ; low ; mean ; vile. 
 
 Scutch'eon, n. An orna- 
 mental bit of brass plate, 
 perforated with a key-hole. 
 
 Scu'ti-form, a. Having the 
 form of a shield 
 
 Scut'tle, n. A metal pail for 
 coals ; a hatchway ; opening 
 in the roof of a house fur- 
 nished with a lid. — v. i. or 
 t. To sink by cutting a hole 
 in the bottom. 
 
 Sgym'e-tar, n. See Cimeter. 
 
 Sgytiie (sTth), n. An instru- 
 ment for mowing grass. 
 
 Sea (17), n. A large body of 
 salt water, less than an 
 ocean ; the ocean ; a high 
 wave. 
 
 Sea'-board, n. The sea-shore. 
 Sea'-breeze, n. A current of 
 
 air from the sea. [sea. 
 Sea'-coast, n. Shore of the 
 Sea'-ePe-phant, n. A kind 
 
 of seal. 
 
 Sea'-far^er, n. A mariner ; a 
 seaman ; a sailor. 
 
 Sea'-f arming, a. Following 
 the business of a seaman. 
 
 Sea'-fight (-fit), n. A naval 
 engagement. 
 
 Sea'-green, a. Having the 
 color of sea- water. 
 
 Sea'-horse, n. The walrus ; 
 also, the hippopotamus. 
 
 Seal, n. A ma- 
 rine animal ; 
 a stamp with 
 a device on it ; 
 waximpressedj 
 with a seal. — ' 
 V. t. (8) To Seal, 
 fix a seal to ; to fasten with 
 
 . a seal; to ratify; to confirm. 
 
 Seal'ing-wax,* n. A sub- 
 stance for sealing letters. 
 
 Seam, n. The joining of two 
 edges of cloth ; any line of 
 junction. — v. t. To make 
 a seam on or of ; to mark 
 with something like a seam . 
 
 Sea'man (81), n. A sailor. 
 
 Sea'man-ship, n. Skill in 
 navigating. [seam . 
 
 Seam'less, a. Having no 
 
 Sea'-mew, n. A gull. 
 
 Seam'stress, n. A w^man 
 whose occupation is sewing. 
 
 Sea'-port, n. A port or har- 
 bor on the sea-coast. 
 
 Sear, v. t. To burn the sur- 
 face of; to cauterize. — a. 
 Diy ; withered. 
 
 Search, v. t. To seek for ; to 
 look for ; to inquire after. 
 
 — V . i. To seek ; to h unt. 
 
 — n. A seeking ; quest. 
 Search'er, n. One who 
 
 searches ; a seeker. 
 
 Search'ing, «. Trying; close. 
 
 Sea'-robm, n. Ample dis- 
 tance from land. 
 
 Sea'-shell, n. A marine shell. 
 
 Sea'-shore, n. The coast of 
 the sea or ocean. 
 
 Sea'-sick, a. Affected with 
 nausea at sea. [sea. 
 
 Sea'side, n. Land near the 
 
 Sea'gon (sc'zn), 7i. A fit time ; 
 a brief period ; a division of 
 the year. — v. t. To render 
 pjilatable; to spice; to dry, 
 as timber. 
 
 Sea'§oii-a-ble, a. Occurring 
 in due season or in good 
 time ; opportune ; timely. 
 
 Sea'§on-a-bly, adv. In due 
 time ; sufficiently early. 
 
 Sea'son-ing, w. That which 
 sealions ; act of drying. 
 
 Sea'-weed, n. One of a class 
 of marine plants. 
 
 Sea'-wor'thi-ness (-w(5r/- 
 tlii-), n. Quality of being 
 sea-worthy ; fitness for a 
 voyage. 
 
 Sea'-wor^thy (wQr/th5^), a. 
 
 Able to encounter the vio- 
 lence of the sea. 
 Seat, n. A chair ; bench : 
 
 place of sitting ; mansion ; 
 
 abode. — v. t. To place on 
 
 a seat. [sea. 
 Sea'ward, adv. Toward thi 
 Se-ba'ceous, a. Fat ; like fat; 
 
 yielding fatty secretions. 
 Se'cant, n. A d_ 
 
 line that cuts 
 
 another. — a. 
 
 Cutting. 
 Se-Qede', v. i. 
 
 TQ withdraw. c n. Secant. 
 Se-Qed'er,w. One who secedes. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, tcJb, tdbk ; drn. rj|e, pyll ; p, soft ; g, hard ; ag ; exist ; ij as ng ; this. 
 
SECESSION 
 
 236 
 
 SEIZIN 
 
 Se-Qes'sion (-sesh^un), n. Act 
 of seceding or withdrawing. 
 
 Seck'61 (sek^l), n. A small, 
 delicious variety of pear. 
 
 Se-elude', v. t. To shut up 
 in retirement. 
 
 Se-elii'gion, n. Act of with- 
 drawing ; retirement ; sepa- 
 ration; withdrawal. 
 
 Se-C'ond, n. Next to the first ; 
 inferior. — n. The next to 
 the first; 60th part of a 
 minute ; attendant in a duel. 
 — v.t. To support; to aid. 
 
 Se-e'ond-a-ri-ly, adv. In a 
 secondary manner or de- 
 gree, [nate. 
 
 Se-e'ond-a-ry, a. Subordi- 
 
 Se-e'ond-hand, a. Not new ; 
 previously owned by an- 
 other, [ond place. 
 
 Se-c'ond-ly, adv. In the sec- 
 
 55- e'onds, n. pi. A coarse 
 kind of flour. [cealment. 
 
 Se'-cre-Qy, n. Privacy ; con- 
 Se'€ret, a. Concealed ; se- 
 cluded ; hidden ; unseen ; 
 private. — n. Something 
 unknown or hidden. 
 Se-c're-ta-ry, n. One who 
 writes for others ; head of a 
 particular department of 
 government ; a piece of fur- 
 niture for writing at. 
 
 56- e're-ta-ry-ship (13), n. 
 Office of a secretary. 
 
 Se-€rete', v. t. To remove 
 from observation. — Syn. 
 To hide ; conceal. 
 
 Se -erection, n. A separation 
 of juices ; fluid secreted. 
 
 Se'-cret-ly, adv. In a secret 
 manner. [secretion. 
 
 Se'-ere-to-ry, a. Performing 
 
 Seiit, n. A religious denomi- 
 nation or school. 
 
 Se€-ta'ri-an, a. Pertaining to 
 a sect or to sects. — n. One 
 of a sect. [tion to a sect. 
 
 Se€-ta'ri-an-i§m, n. Devo- 
 
 Se€'ta-rist, I n. A follower of 
 
 S6ct'a-ry, ) a sect. 
 
 See'tile, a. Capable of being 
 cut, especially of being cut 
 smoothly. 
 
 SS^'tion, n. A cutting off; 
 division ; portion, [section. 
 
 Se€'tion-al, a. Pertaining to a 
 
 Se«t'or, n. Part of 
 a circle between ^ 
 two radii and the 
 included arc ; a 
 mathematical in- 
 strument, ach. Sector. 
 
 Se-e'u-lar, a. Worldly ; not 
 spiritual. — n. A layman. 
 
 See'u-lar-ize, v. t. To con- 
 vert to a secular use. 
 
 Se-e^u-lar'i-,ty, n. A worldly 
 dispositiofi, 
 
 Se-<jure', a. "Free from fear 
 or danger ; sate. — v. t. To 
 make safe. [be safe. 
 
 Se-€ure'ly (10), a^t\ Soas to 
 
 Se-€ur'i-ty (11), n. Freedom 
 from danger ; safety ; pledge. 
 
 Se-dan', n. A portable cov- 
 ered vehicle for a single per- 
 son, [turbed ; quiet. 
 
 Se-date', a. Calm ; undis- 
 
 Sed'a-tive, a. Allaying irrita- 
 bility and irritation. — n. A 
 remedy that allays irritabil- 
 ity and irritation. 
 
 Sed'en-ta-ry, a. Accustomed 
 to sit much. 
 
 Sedge, n. A coarse grass. 
 
 Sedg'y, a. Pertaining to, or 
 overgrown with, sedge. 
 
 Sed'i-ment, n. That which 
 settles at the bottom ; lees. 
 
 Sed^i-ment'a-ry, a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or consisting of, sedi- 
 ment ; feculent. 
 
 Se-di'tion (-dish/un), n. Tu- 
 mult ; insurrection. 
 
 Se-di'tious (-dish'us), a. En- 
 gaged in sedition. 
 Se-diiQe', v. t. To lead astray 
 
 by evil arts ; to corrupt. 
 Se-du'ger, n. One who se- 
 duces or corrupts. 
 Se-duc'tion, n. Leading 
 
 astray from virtue. 
 Se-du€'tive, n. Enticing to 
 
 evil ; tending to seduce. 
 Se-du'li-ty, n. Great dili- 
 gence. 
 
 Sed'u-lous, a. Very diligent. 
 
 Sed'u-loiis-ly, adv. With ap- 
 plication ; assiduously. 
 
 See, n. The seat of episcopal 
 power ; a diocese. — v. t. 
 [imp. SAW ; 7?. p. SEEN.] To 
 perceive by the eye; to be- 
 hold ; to discover. 
 
 Seed, n. That which pro- 
 duces animals or plants ; 
 original ; offspring ; race. 
 
 Seed'-€ake, n. A sweec cake, 
 containing aromatic seeds. 
 
 Seed'ling, n. A plant spring- 
 ing from a seed. 
 
 Seeds'man (21), n. One who 
 deals in seeds. 
 
 Seed'-time, n. The season 
 for sowing. 
 
 Seed'-ves'sel, n. A vessel 
 containing seed. 
 
 Seed'y, a. Abounding with 
 seeds ; shabbily clothed. 
 
 Seek, V. t. [imp. & p- p. 
 SOUGHT.] To look for ; to 
 endeavor to find. 
 
 Seek'er, n. One who seeks 
 or searches ; an inquirer. 
 
 Seem, v. i. To appear ; to 
 have a show. 
 
 Seem'ing, n. Appearance; 
 show ; semblance. — a. 
 Apparent ; specious. 
 
 Seem'ing-ly, adv. In ap- 
 pearance ; apparently. 
 
 Seem'ly, a. Becoming; de- 
 cent ; decorous ; fit. 
 
 Seen, /J. p. of See. Perceived. 
 
 Seer, n. One who foresees 
 events ; a prophet. 
 
 See'saw, n. A reciprocating 
 motion up and down. [coct. 
 
 Seethe, v.t. To boil ; to de- 
 
 SSg'ment, n. A 
 part cut off from ^ 
 a figure by a line 
 or plane. 
 
 S6g're-gate, v. t. 
 
 To separate ; to ach, Seg- 
 set apart. "^.^'"t of a 
 
 Seg/re-ga'tion,M. 
 Separation from others. 
 
 Seign-eu'ri-al (sr-n-u'rT-al), 
 a. Vested with large pow- 
 ers ; manorial. 
 Seign'ior (seen^yur), n. A 
 lord. 
 
 Seign'ior-age (seen^yur-), n. 
 A royal right ; profit or per- 
 centage. 
 
 Seign'ior-y (seen^yur-), n. A 
 lordship ; a manor. 
 
 Seine, n. A large fishing-net 
 
 Seize, v. t. To take sudden- 
 ly ; to snatch ; to grasp. 
 
 Sei'zin, n. Possession of an 
 
 a, 6, 1, o, u, long ; 6, 1, 6, tt, short ; care, car, ask, gU, whgit ; Sre, vgil, t5rm ; pique, firm •, 
 
SEIZURE 
 
 237 
 
 SENTRY-BOX 
 
 estate in freehold ; thing 
 
 Seiz'ure, n. Act of seizing ; 
 the thing seized. [often. 
 
 Sel'dom, adv. Rarely ; not 
 
 Se-l§€t', V. t. To choose from 
 a number ; to cull. — a. 
 Taken from a nun.ber ; well 
 chosen. [ing; choice. 
 
 Se-16€'tion,n. Actofselect- 
 
 Se-16-ct'man (21), n. A town 
 officer ; to manage the con- 
 cerns of the town. 
 
 SePe-n6g'ra-pliy, n. A de- 
 scription of the surface of 
 the moon. 
 
 Self (20), pron. or a. A person 
 PS a distinct individual. 
 
 Self/-eon-Qeit', n. High 
 opinion of one's powers or 
 endowments ; vanit3^ 
 
 Self^-de-nPal, n. Denial of 
 personal gratification. 
 
 Self^-es-teem', n. Good opin- 
 ion of one's self ; compla- 
 cency. 
 
 S61f'-ev'i-dent, a. Needing 
 no proof; evident without | 
 proof or reasoning. i 
 
 Self/-ex-ist'ent, a. Existing 
 of or himself; solely. 
 
 Self-'-iii'ter-est, n. Private ■ 
 interest or advantage. ■ 
 
 Self'ishjt a. Regarding one's 
 own interest solely. 
 
 Self'ish-ly, adv. With undue 
 self-love. / 
 
 Self'ish-ness, n. ' Regard to 
 Oiie's own intejest solely. 
 
 Self-love', n. <tLove of self. 
 
 Selfsame, a. Exactly the 
 same ; identical. 
 
 Self-will', n. One's own will ; 
 obstinacy. 
 
 SSll (1), V. t. [imp, & p. p. 
 SOLD.] To transfer to an- 
 other for an equivalent. 
 
 Sell'er, n. One who sells. 
 
 Sel'vage, In. Edge of cloth 
 
 SePvedge, ) woven so as to 
 prevent raveling. 
 
 Selves, p^. of Self. 
 
 Sem'lDlanQe, n. Seeming ; 
 show; hkeness. [yearly. 
 
 Sem'i-an'nu-al, a. Haif- 
 Sem^i-breve, n. A whole 
 note ; the longest note now 
 in general use. 
 
 S6m'i-gIr/-ele(-sTr'- 
 kl), n. Half of a 
 circle. 
 
 Sem'i-€5'lon, M. A 
 point (marked;), 
 used in writing Semicir- 
 and printing. ^ ^" 
 
 S6m/i-di-am'e-ter,n. Haifa 
 diameter. [iji half moon, j 
 
 Sem^i-lu'nar, a.* In form like 
 
 Sem'i-nal, a. PerUiining to 
 seed ; original ; radical. 
 
 Sem'i-na-ry, n. A place of 
 education ; a college ; acad- 
 emy ; school. — a. Pertain- 
 ing to seed. 
 
 Sfim'i-qua'ver, n. A note of 
 half the duration of the 
 quaver. 
 
 Sem'i-tone, n. Half a tone. 
 
 S6m'i-vow/el, n. A sound in- 
 termediate between a vowel 
 and consonant, or the sign 
 representing such a sound, 
 as lu and y. [ing. 
 
 Sem/pi-ter'nal, a. Everlast- 
 
 SSmp'stress, n. See Seam- 
 strfss. 
 
 Sen'ate, n. A council of sen- 
 ators ; the-^per branch of 
 a legifJlature. [a senate. 
 Sen'a-tor, n. A member of 
 Sen'a-to'ri-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 to, or becoming, a senator. 
 Sen'a-tor-ship, n. The of&ce 
 
 or dignity of a senator. 
 Send, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SENT.] To cause to go; to 
 dispatch ; to transmit. 
 Se-r^s'genge, n. A growing 
 
 ol#i decay by time. 
 Sen'es-ghal (sen^e-shal), n. 
 
 _Steward. [age; doting. 
 Se'nile, a. Belonging to old 
 Se-nil'i-ty, n. State of being 
 
 senile ; old age ; dotage. 
 Sen'ior (sen^yur), n. One 
 ""^"^jlder than another ; an aged 
 petsedi^^— a. Older in age 
 or offi<?e. {ageor office. 
 Sen-ior'i-ty, n. Priority in 
 Sen'na, n. A plant the leaves 
 of which are used as a ca- 
 thartic, [week. 
 Sen'mght (sen/nit), n. A 
 Sen-sa'tion, n. Perception by 
 j the senses ; state of excited 
 I interest. 
 
 Sen-sa'tion-al, a. Attended 
 by, or fitted to excite, great 
 interest. 
 Sense, n. Faculty by which 
 external objects are per- 
 ceived ; sensation ; discern- 
 ment : opinion ; meaning. 
 Sense'less, a. Wantingsense; 
 
 foolish ; stupid. 
 Sen/si-biPi-ty, n. Capabil- 
 ity of sensation ; acuteness 
 of perception. 
 Sen'si-ble, a. Capable of per- 
 ceptions ; perceptible by the 
 senses. — S YN. Intelligent ; 
 wise : judicious. 
 SSn'si-bly, ac^r. Perceptibly; 
 
 with good sense, [or feeling. 
 Sen'si-tive, a. Having sense 
 Sen'si-tive-ness,M. State of 
 
 being sensitive. 
 Sen'su-al (sen/shi]-), a. Af- 
 fecting the senses ; carnal ; 
 voluptuous. 
 Sen'su-al-igm (-shij-), n. A 
 state of subjection to sensu- 
 al feelings or appetites. 
 SSn'su-al-ist (-shjj-), n. One 
 
 devoted to sensuality. 
 Sen/su-3-l'i-ty (-shij-), n. Free 
 induigence in carnal or sen- 
 sual pleasures. 
 Sent. imp. & p. p. of Send. 
 Sen'tenge, n. A judgment 
 pronounced ; doom ; a short 
 saying ; a maxim ; a period 
 in writing. — v. t. To doom ; 
 to condemn. 
 Sen-ten'tial, a. Comprising 
 sentences. [pith3^ 
 Sen-ten'tioiis, a. Short and 
 Sen'tient, a. Having the 
 faculty of sensation and 
 perception. 
 Sen'ti-ment, n. A thought 
 prompted by feeling ; sensi- 
 bility ; opinion ; a toast. 
 Sen''ti-inent'al, a. Abound- 
 ing with sentiment ; affect- 
 edly tender. 
 Sen ti-ment'al-ist, n. One 
 
 who affects fine feelings. 
 Sen/ti-men-tal'i-ty, n. Af-. 
 
 feotation of sensibility. 
 Sen'ti-nel, )n. A soldier on 
 Sen'try, ) guard. 
 Sen'try-b6x, n. A box to 
 shelter a sentinel. 
 
 Bon, or, dg, W9lf, tcTo, took ; tirn, ri}e, pi^ll ; 9, soft ; g, hard ; a§ ; e^^ist ; 0 as ng ; this. 
 
SEPARABLE 
 
 238 
 
 SEVERAL 
 
 Sep'a-ra-ble, a. Capable of 
 beiug separated. 
 
 Sep'a-rate, v. To disunite; 
 to divide ; to withdraw. 
 
 Sep'a-rate, a. Divided ; dis- 
 connected ; distinct : single. 
 
 Sep'a-rate-ly, adv. Singly; 
 distinctly. 
 
 S5p/a-ra'tion, n. A disjunc- 
 tion ; disunion ; divorce. 
 
 Sep'a-ra^tist, n. A dissenter ; 
 a seceder. 
 
 Se'poy, n. A native of India 
 in the military service of 
 Europeans. [seven angles. 
 
 Sept-an'gu-lar, a. Having 
 
 Sep-tem'ber, n. The ninth 
 month of the year, [seven. 
 
 Sep'ten-a-ry, a. Consisting of 
 
 Sep-ten'ni-al, a. Returning 
 or happening every seventh 
 year ; lasting seven years. 
 
 Sep'ti€, la. Tending to 
 
 Sepai€-al, j produce putre- 
 faction. 
 
 Sep/tu-a-ge-na'ri-an, n. A 
 person seventy years old. 
 
 Sep'tu-a-gint, n. A Greek 
 version of the Old Testa- 
 ment, [much. 
 
 Sep'tu-ple, a. Seven times as 
 
 SSp'ul-eher ) (29), n. A 
 
 SSp'ul-€hre ) grave ; a tomb. 
 
 Se-pul'-chral, a. Relating to 
 burial ; deep ; grave ; hollow. 
 
 Sep'ul-tHre, n. The act of 
 burying a human being. 
 
 Se-qua'cious, a. Following. 
 
 Se'quel, n. A succeeding 
 part ; consequence ; event. 
 
 Se'quenQe, n. Order of fol- 
 lowing ; succession ; series. 
 
 Se'quent, a. Following. 
 
 Se-ques'ter, I v. t. To seize 
 
 Se-ques'trate J and hold for 
 a time ; to set apart. 
 
 Seq^'ues-tra'tion, n. Act of 
 sequestering. 
 
 Seq'ues-tra^or, n. One who 
 sequesters, or has the keep- 
 ing of sequestered property. 
 
 Se'quin, n. A gold coin of 
 Italy, and also of Turkey. 
 
 Se-ragl'io (se-ral^yo), n. Pal- 
 ace of the Turkish sultan ; 
 a harem. 
 
 SSr'aph (25), n. An angel of 
 the highest order. 
 
 Se-r3,ph'i€, a. Angelic ; pure.. 
 
 Ser'a-phine, n. A kind of 
 reed-organ. 
 
 Ser'a-phim, n. pi. of Seraph. 
 
 Ser^e-nade', n. Music per- 
 formed at night in the open 
 air in compliment to some 
 one. — V. t. To entertain 
 with a serenade. 
 
 Se-rene', a. Calm ; quiet ; 
 peaceful ; a title of honor. 
 
 Se-ren'i-ty, n. Calmness ; 
 clearness. 
 
 Serf (18), w. A slave employed 
 in husbandry. 
 
 Serge, n. A thin woolen stuff. 
 
 Ser'geant (sar^jent or ser''- 
 jent), n. A non-commis- 
 sioned military officer ; a 
 lawyer of high rank. 
 
 Se'ri-al, a. Pertaining to a 
 series. — n. A tale or other 
 writing, issued in a series of 
 numbers. 
 
 Se'ries (or se/ri-ez),7t. Order; 
 succession ; course. 
 
 Se'ri-oiis, a. Sober ; grave ; 
 earnest ; weighty. 
 
 Ser'moii, n. A discourse 
 grounded on a text of 
 Scripture. 
 
 Ser'mon-ize, v. i. To write 
 or preach a sermon. 
 
 Se-rdbn', n. A package of 
 skins for drugs, &c. 
 
 Se-r6s'i-ty, n. The thin, 
 watery part of blood. 
 
 Se'roiis, a. Consisting of 
 serum ; thin ; watery. 
 
 Ser'pent, n. A creeping an- 
 imal ; a snake ; a firework. 
 
 Ser'pent-me, a. Winding, 
 as a serpent ; sinuous. 
 
 Ser'rate, a. Notched on the 
 edge, like a saw. [blood. 
 
 Se'rum, n. Thin part of the 
 
 Serv'ant, n. One who serves, 
 or labors for, another. 
 
 Serve, v. t. To work for; to 
 obey ; to contribute to ; to 
 treat. — v. i. To perform 
 duties ; to suit ; to be of use. 
 Serv'ige, n. Duty of a serv- 
 ant ; military duty ; office ; 
 benefit ; use ] set of vessels 
 used at table. 
 Serv'ice-a-ble, a. Doing 
 service ; beneficial. 
 
 Serv'ile,a. Slavish; cringing. 
 
 Ser-vil'i-ty, n. Mean sub- 
 missiveness ; obsequious- 
 ness, [attendant. 
 
 Serv'i-tor, n. A servant •, an 
 
 Serv'i-tiide, n. Slavery ; 
 thraldom ; dependence. 
 
 Ses'sion (sesh^un), n. A 
 meeting or sitting of a pub- 
 lic body. 
 
 Sess'-pdbl, n. A hollow in 
 the earth for sediment from 
 drains. 
 
 Set, V. t. [imp. & p. p. SET.] 
 To place ; to put ; to fix ; to 
 regulate. — v. i. To descend 
 below the horizon. — n. A 
 number of things suited to 
 each other ; an assortment. 
 — p. a. Fixed ; firm ; regu- 
 lar ; prescribed. 
 
 Se-ta'ceous, a. Bristly; hairy. 
 
 Set'-6ff, n. An account set 
 against another ; offset. 
 
 Se'ton, n. A twist of thread, 
 or a few horse-hairs j to keep 
 a wound open. 
 
 Se-tose', I a. Set with bris- 
 
 Se'tous, j ties ; bristly. 
 
 Set-tee' (18), n. A long seat 
 with a back. 
 
 Set'ter, n. A sporting dog of 
 the hound kind. 
 
 Set'tle, 71. A long bench with 
 aback. — v. t. To estab- 
 lish ; to determine. — v. i. 
 To subside ; to sink. 
 
 Setaie-ment, n. Act of set- 
 tling ; adjustment ; a place 
 settled ; a colony ; jointure. 
 
 Set'tler, n. One who settles ; 
 a colonist. 
 
 Set'-tp, n. A conflict. 
 
 Sev'eri, a. Six and one. 
 
 Sev'en-nlght (sen/nlt), n. A 
 week. 
 
 Sev'enth, a. Next after the 
 sixth ; ordinal of seven. — n. 
 One part in seven ; a musi- 
 cal interval. 
 
 SSv'en-teen, n. Ten and 
 seven. [ten. 
 
 Sev'en-ty, a. Seven times 
 
 Sev'er, v.t. To part violent- 
 ly ; to disjoin. 
 
 Sev'er-al,«. Separate; more 
 than two, but not many ; 
 divers ; sundry. 
 
 a, e,T, o, u, y, long ; a, 6, 1, 6, \xj, short ; cOre, car, ask, all, wh^t \ Cre, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
SEVERALLY 
 
 239 
 
 SHARP 
 
 SSv'er-al-ly, adv. Separately. 
 
 S6v'er-al-ty, n. A state of 
 separation. [partition. 
 
 Sev'er-ange, n. Separation ; 
 
 Se-vere% a. Yery strict; 
 stern ; cruel ; painful ; ex- 
 treme. 
 
 Se-ver'i-ty, n. State of being 
 severe ; harshness ; rigor ; 
 austerity ; strictness. 
 
 Sew (so), v.t. To unite with 
 needle and thread. [sews. 
 
 Sew'er (so^er), n. One who 
 
 Sew'er (su^er), n. A passage 
 under ground for water. 
 
 Sex, n. Distinction of male 
 and female ; womankind. ' 
 
 S6x''a-ge-na'ri-an, n. A per- 
 son of sixty years of age. 
 
 Sex-ag'e-na-ry, or Sex'a- 
 ge-na-ry,a. Pertaining to 
 the number sixty ; proceed- 
 ing by sixties. 
 
 Sex/a-ges'i-ma, n. Second 
 Sunday before Lent. 
 
 Sex-an'gu-lar, a. Having six 
 angles. 
 
 Sex-en'ni-al, a. Happening 
 once in, or lasting, six years. 
 
 Sex'tant, n. Sixth part of a 
 circle ; instrument for meas- 
 uring angular distances. 
 
 Sex'tile,n. Aspect of planets 
 sixty degrees apart. 
 
 Sex'ton, n. An under officer 
 of a church. 
 
 Sex'tu-ple, a. Six times as 
 much ; having six parts. 
 
 Sex'u-al (sek/shij-), a. Per- 
 taining to, or distinguish- 
 ing, sex. 
 
 Shah, V. i. To play mean 
 tricks ; to act shabbily. 
 
 Shab'bi-ly, adv. In a mean 
 manner ; raggedly. 
 
 Shab'bi-ness, n. Quality of 
 being shabby ; meanness. 
 
 Shab'by, a. Worn ; ragged ; 
 mean : paltry ; despicable. 
 
 Shack'le (shaka), v. t. To 
 fetter; to chain; to bind. 
 
 Shack'les (shak^lz), n. pL 
 Fetters or handcuffs. 
 
 Shad, n. sing. & pi. A kind 
 of fish much prized for food. 
 
 Shad'dock (5), 71. A tree and 
 its fruit, a species of orange. 
 
 Shade, n. Interception of 
 
 light ; obscurity ; a screen ; 
 a spirit ; degree of cold ; {pi. ) 
 place of the dead. — v. t. 
 To screen from light ; to ob- 
 scure, [ing shady. 
 
 Sha'di-ness, n. State of be- 
 
 Shad'ow, n. A figure formed 
 by the interception of light ; 
 a mystical representation ; a 
 type ; phantom. —r. To 
 
 ■ cloud ; to darken ; to repre- 
 sent faintly. 
 
 Shad'ow-y, a. Full of shade. 
 
 Sha'dy, a. Sheltered from 
 the glare of light. 
 
 Shaft, n. An arrow ; straight 
 cylindrical part of any 
 thing ; passage into a mine ; 
 thills of a chaise; a long 
 axis in machinery. 
 
 Shag, n. Hough , wooly hair ; 
 cloth with a long, coarse 
 nap. — a. Hairy ; rough. — 
 V. ^ To make hairy or rough. 
 
 Shag'ged, ) a. Hairy ; rough. 
 
 Sh^g'gy, j with long wool 
 or hair. [being shaggy. 
 
 Shag'gi-ness, n. State of 
 
 Sha-green', 7i. A kind of 
 leather prepared from the 
 skins of horses, mules, &c. 
 
 Shah, n. A Persian king. 
 
 Shake, r. «. [i7np. shook; 
 p. SHAKEN.] To agitate ; 
 to cause to tremble or to 
 doubt ; to trill. — v. i. To 
 be agitated ; to quake. — n. 
 Vibratory motion. 
 
 Shak'er, n. One who shakes ; 
 one of a religious sect. 
 
 Shale, n. A kind of fine- 
 grained slaty rock. 
 
 Shall. An auxiliary verb, 
 used in forming the future 
 tense. [worsted stuff. 
 
 Shal-lobn', n. A kind of 
 
 ShaPlop, w. A kind of large 
 boat with two masts. 
 
 Shal'low, a. Not deep ; shoal ; 
 simple. — n. A place where 
 the water is not deep. 
 
 Shalt. Second person of Shall. 
 Sham, n. False pretense ; 
 imposture. — a. False : 
 counterfeit, — v. t. To pre- 
 tend ; to deceive ; to im- 
 itate ; to counterfeit. 
 Sham'ble, v. i. To walk awk 
 
 wardly and unsteadily, as If 
 the knees were weak ; to 
 shuffle ; to counterfeit. 
 Sham'bles, n. pi. A place 
 where butchers kill or sell 
 meat. 
 
 Sham'bling, n. A shuffling 
 gait. — a. Shuffling along. 
 
 Shame, n. Sense or cause oi* 
 disgrace; reproach. — v. t. 
 To make ashamed. 
 
 Shame'faged (-fust), a. Bash- 
 ful ; diffident ; modest. 
 
 Shame'ful. a. Disgraceful ; 
 scandalous ; ignominious. 
 
 Shame'less, a. Destitute of 
 shame ; impudent. 
 
 Sham'my, n. See Chamois. 
 
 Sham-pcio', ) v. t. To rub 
 
 ^ham-poo', ) and press tho 
 limbs of after warm bath- 
 ing ; to wash thoroughly the 
 head of. 
 
 Sh^m'rdck, n. White clover. 
 
 Shank, n. The bone of the 
 leg ; lower joint of the leg ; 
 long part of a tool. 
 
 Shan'ty, n. A rude hut. 
 
 Shape, V. t. [imp. shaped ; 
 
 p. p. SHAPED or SHAPEN.j 
 
 To form ; to give form or fig- 
 ure to ; to fashion ; to adjust. 
 — n. External form or fig- 
 ure ; make ; appearance. 
 
 Shape'less,a. Wanting regu- 
 larity of form. 
 
 Shape'ly, a. Well formed,* 
 symmetrical. 
 
 Shard, n. A fragment ; a 
 shell'. 
 
 Share, n. A part ; a portion ; 
 a plow-iron. — v. t. To ap- 
 portion ; to divide ; to par- 
 take with others. — v. i. To 
 have part. 
 Share'-hold^er, n. One who 
 holds a share in a joint fund 
 or property. 
 Shark, «. A vo-, 
 racious sea- 
 fish.— r.?. To 
 play the petty 
 thief ; to cheat ; to^trick. 
 Sharp, a. Having a thin 
 edge or a fine point ; keen ; 
 acute; sour; acid. — v. t. 
 To make sharp ; to sharpen. 
 V. i. To grow sharp. 
 
 Shark. 
 
 son, 6r, do, w9lf, too, tcTok ; tim, rije, p\ill ; 9, ^, 50ft; g, hard; ; epst ; as ng ; this, 
 
SIIAEPEN 
 
 240 
 
 SHIYE 
 
 Sharp 'en, v. t. or i. To make 
 or grow sharp. [swindler. 
 
 Sharp'er, n. A cheat ; a 
 
 Sharp'ly, adv. In a sharp 
 manner ; keenly ; acutely ; 
 severely ; violently. 
 
 Sharp 'ness, n. Keenness of 
 edge or point ; acuteuess. 
 
 Sharp '-set, n. Very hungry. 
 
 Shat'ter, v. t. To break in 
 pieces; to disorder. — v. i. 
 To be broken into frag- 
 ments ; {pi.) broken pieces; 
 fragments. 
 
 Shave, v. t. [imp. shaved ; 
 
 p. p. SHAVED, SHAVEN.] 
 To cut or pare off ; to de- 
 fraud. — n. To use a razor ; 
 to cut closely ; to cheat. 
 
 ShaV'er, n. One who shaves ; 
 a sharp dealer ; a boy. 
 
 Shav'ing, n. A thin slice 
 pared off. 
 
 Shawl, n. A cloth to cover 
 the neck and shoulders. 
 
 Shawm, n. An instrument of 
 music formerly in use. 
 
 She^ pr on. fe7n., standing for 
 the name of female. 
 
 Sheaf (20), n. A bundle of 
 stalks of grain ; any bundle. 
 
 Shear, v. t. [imp. sheared ; 
 
 p. p. SHEARED or SHORN.] 
 
 To cut or clip from the sur- 
 face ; to reap. 
 Shearg, n.pl. A cutting in- 
 strument with two blades ; 
 an apparatus for raising 
 . heavy weights. [bard. 
 Sheath, n. A case ; a scab- 
 Sheathe, v. t. To put into a 
 sheath or case ; to cover or 
 line. [ship's bottom. 
 
 Sheath'ing, n. Covering of a 
 Sheave, n. A wheel in a pul- 
 ley. 
 
 Shed, n. A slight building ; 
 
 an out-building. — v. t. [imp. 
 
 & J), p. SHED.] To emit; 
 
 to spill ; to cast off. [dor. 
 Sheen, n. Brightness •, splen- 
 Sheen'y, a. Bright. 
 Sheep (24), n. sing, and pi. 
 
 An animal that furnishes 
 
 wool. [sheep. 
 Sheep'-€6t, n. A pen for 
 Sheep'-fold, n. A fold or in- 
 
 closure for sheep. 
 
 Sheep'ish, a. Like a sheep ; 
 timorous ; bashful ; modest. 
 
 Sheep's '-eye, n. A sly, diffi- 
 dent, loving look. 
 
 Sheer, a. Clear ; unmingled ; 
 simple; perpendicular. — t'. t. 
 To deviate from a course. — 
 n. The bend of a ship's 
 deck. 
 
 Sheet, n. A cloth for a bed ; 
 
 a broad piece of paper. — 
 
 V. t. To fold up in, or cover 
 
 as with, a sheet. 
 Sheet '-an/-ehor, n. The 
 
 largest anchor ; last refuge. 
 Sheet'ing, n. Cloth for 
 
 sheets. 
 
 Shek'el, n. A Jewish coin, 
 worth about G2^ cents. 
 
 Shel'drake, n. A species of 
 duck. 
 
 Shelf, n. {pi. Shelves, 20.) 
 A board supported in some 
 way and designed to lay 
 things on ; a bank or rock 
 under water. [shoals. 
 
 Shelf 'y, a. Full of rocks and 
 
 Shell, n. A hard covering ; a 
 bomb. — V. t. or i. To re- 
 move or cast the shell. 
 
 Shell'-fish, n. An aquatic 
 animal covered with a shell. 
 
 Shel'ter, n. A protection ; 
 retreat; covert. — v. t. To 
 cover ; to protect ; to shield. 
 
 Shelve,!', i. To slope. — v. t. 
 To furnish with shelves ; to 
 put on a shelf. 
 
 Shelv'y, a. Abounding with 
 rocks or sand-banks. 
 
 Shep'herd, n. A man who 
 tends sheep. 
 
 Shep'herd-ess, n. A woman 
 who has the care of sheep. 
 
 Sher'bet, n. A beverage of 
 water, lemon-juice, and sug- 
 ar, [shire or county. 
 
 Sher'iff , n. Chief officer of a 
 
 Sher'ry, n. A Spanish wine. 
 
 Shew (sho). See Show, 
 
 Shewn (shon)p. p. of Shew. 
 
 Shib'bo-leth, n. Watchword 
 or test-word of a party. 
 
 Shield, 77 . Armor for defense ; 
 a buckler ; protection. — 
 V. t. To protect ; to defend. 
 
 Shift, v.t.ori. To transfer ; 
 
 I to change ; to find some ex- 
 
 pedient. — n. Evasion ; arti- 
 fice ; expedient ; a woman's 
 under-garmeut. 
 
 Shift 'less, a. Lacking in ex- 
 pedients ; without capacity. 
 
 Sliil'ling, n. A silver coin ; 
 sum of twelve pence. 
 
 Shin, n. Fore part of the leg, 
 between the ankle and knee. 
 
 Shine, v. i. [imp. & p. p, 
 
 SHINED or SHONE.] To 
 
 emit rays of light ; to bo 
 conspicuous. — n. Fair 
 weather ; brightness ; splen- 
 dor ; a fancy. 
 
 Shin'gle, n. A thin board ; 
 loose pebbles ; {pi.) a dis- 
 ease. — V. t. To cover with 
 shingles ; to cut, as hair, so 
 that one portion overlaps 
 another. 
 
 Shin'ing, a. Bright in a high 
 degree. — Syn. Brilliant ; 
 sparkling ; radiant. 
 
 Shin'y, a. Bright ; luminous. 
 
 large sea-go- 
 
 esp. one that ^yjjj^^^^^^ 
 is square-rig- ^^^^m^^ 
 ged and has ' '^Wmi^ l T K f 
 three masts. Ship. 
 — v. t. To put on board a 
 vessel of any kind, [a ship. 
 
 Ship'board, adv. On board of 
 
 Ship'-mas''ter, n. A master 
 or captain of a ship. 
 
 Ship'ment, n. Act of ship- 
 ping ; that which is shipped. 
 
 Ship'ping, n. Ships in gen- 
 eral ; vessels collectively. 
 
 Ship'-shape, adv. In a sea- 
 man-like manner ; hence, 
 properly ; well put. 
 
 Ship'wreck (-rek), n. De- 
 struction of a ship at sea. — 
 V. t. To destroy, as a ship at 
 sea, by running on shore, 
 &c. [builder of ships. 
 
 Ship'wright (-rit), n. A 
 
 Shire, or Shire, n. In Eng- 
 land, a county. 
 
 Shirk, V. t. To get off from; 
 to slink away from. 
 
 Shirt, n. A man's under-gar- 
 ment. — v. t. To cover with 
 a shirt. [ment. 
 
 Shive, n. A slice ; a frag- 
 
 a, e, I, o, u, y, long; 5, e, i, 5, ii, y, short ; care, ciir, ask, all, whgit ; ere, vfiil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
SHIVER 
 
 241 
 
 SIIIlUBBY 
 
 Shiv'er, n. A little piece. — 
 V. t. or i. To break into 
 small pieces ; to shatter ; to 
 cause to shake in the wind. 
 
 SMv'er-ing, n. A trembling 
 or shaking. 
 
 Shiv'er-y, a. Easily broken ; 
 trembling. 
 
 Shoal, n. A crowd, as of 
 fishes ; a sand-bank or bar. 
 
 — a. Shallow. — v. i. To 
 become more shallow. 
 
 ShoaPy, «• Full of shoals. 
 
 Shock,' n. A sudden shake ; 
 concussion ; a blow ; offense ; 
 a pile of sheaves. — v. t. To 
 strike with surprise, disgust, 
 or terror. 
 
 ShSck'ing, n. Striking as 
 with horror ; extremely of- 
 fensive or disgusting. 
 
 Sh6d, imp. & p. p. of Shoe. 
 
 Shoe (18), n. A covering or 
 protection for the foot. — 
 V. t. (11) {imp. & p. p. 
 SHOD.] To put shoes on. 
 
 Shpe'-black, I n. One who 
 
 Shpe'-boy, I blacks shoes. 
 
 Shpe'mak-er (shoo/-), n. One 
 who makes shoes. [Shine. 
 
 Sh5n«, or Sh6ne, ivip. of 
 
 Shdbk, imp. & p.p. of Shake. 
 
 — n. A bundle of staves, or 
 of^boards for a box. 
 
 Shoot, V. t. or i. {imp. & p. p. 
 SHOT.] To dart ; to jut ; to 
 sprout ; to discharge, as a 
 gun. — «. A sprout or young 
 branch. 
 
 Shdbt'er, n. One who, or 
 that which, shoots; a gun- 
 ner ; a fire-arm. 
 
 Sh6p, n. A building for work 
 or for trade. — v. i. To vis- 
 it shops for goods. 
 
 ShSp'-keep'er, n. A trader 
 who sells in a shop. 
 
 Sh6p'-lift/er, n. One who 
 steals from a shop. 
 
 Shdp'-Iift'ing, n. Larceny 
 committed in a shop. 
 
 ShSp'ping, n. Act of visiting 
 shops to purchase goods. 
 
 Shore, n. Coast ; land ad- 
 jacent to water ; a prop ; a 
 support. — V. t. To support 
 by props. 
 
 Shorn, p. p. of Shear, 
 
 Short, a. Not long; brief; 
 scanty ; deficient ; brittle. 
 
 Short'en, v. t. To make short 
 or shorter. 
 
 Sh6rt'6n-ing, n. Act of con- 
 tracting ; something to 
 make paste brittle. 
 
 Sh6rt'-ha,nd, n. Abbreviated 
 writing ; stenography. 
 
 Short '-lived, a. Being of 
 short continuance. 
 
 Short 'ly, ad a. Quickly ; brief- 
 ly ; concisely. 
 
 Shortness, n. Quality of 
 being short ; brevity. 
 
 Shorts, n. pi. Coarse part of 
 meal ; small clothes. 
 
 Short^-sight'ed (-sit'-), a. 
 Unable to see far. 
 
 Shot, imp. & p. p. of Shoot. 
 
 — n. Act of shooting ; a 
 small missile weapon ; a 
 reckoning or charge, [hog. 
 
 Shote, n. A small or j'ouug 
 Shdt'ten (sh6t/tn),a. Having 
 
 cast the spawn ; sprained. 
 Should (shobd), iinp. of 
 
 Shall^ denoting intention or 
 
 duty. 
 
 5h5ul'der, n. The joint that 
 connects the arm with the 
 body. — v.t. To take on the 
 shoulder ; to push or thrust 
 rudely. 
 
 Shoul'der-blade, n. The 
 broad bone of the shoulder. 
 
 Shout, V. i. To utter a loud 
 and sudden outcry. — n. A 
 loud and sudden outcry. 
 
 Shove, V. t. or i. To push ; 
 to urge. — //. A push. 
 
 Shov'el (shuv^), n. A utensil 
 for throwing earth, &c. — 
 V. t. (8) To throw with a 
 shovel. 
 
 Show,!', t. or T. [imp. show- 
 ed ; p. p. SHOWED, 
 SHOWN.] To exhibit ; to 
 display ; to prove ; to direct. 
 
 — n. Exhibition ; sight. 
 Show'-bread, ) n. Unleaven- 
 Shew'-bread, ) ed bread 
 
 placed before the Lord in 
 
 the Jewish sanctuary. 
 Show'er, n. One who shows. 
 Show'er, n. A temporary fall 
 
 of rain. — v.t. ox i. To rain 
 
 in showers. 
 
 Raining in 
 In a 
 
 Show'er-y, 
 
 showers. 
 Show'i-ly (13), adv. 
 
 showy manner. 
 Shown,/*. 7?. of Show. 
 Show'y, a. Making a show •, 
 
 fine. 
 
 Shrgd, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SHRED.] To cut into small 
 pieces, esp. long and narrovir 
 pieces. — n. A long, narrow 
 piece, cut or torn off. 
 
 Shrew (shrij ), n. An ill-tem- 
 pered brawling woman. 
 
 Shrewd (shrj^d), a. Saga- 
 cious ; astute. 
 
 Shrew'ish (shru'-), a. Like a 
 shrew ; petulant. 
 
 Shriek, v. i. To utter a loud, 
 shrill cry. — n. A loud, 
 shrill cry ; a scream. 
 
 Shrike, n. A rapacious Euro- 
 pean bird. [sound. 
 
 Shrill, a. Sharp ; piercing, as 
 
 Shrill'y, adv. Acutely. 
 
 Shrill'ness, n. Acuteness of 
 sound. [shell-fish. 
 
 Shrimp, n. A long-tailed 
 
 Shrine, n. A case or box, 
 especially for sacred relics. 
 
 Shrihk, V. i. or t. [imp. & 
 p. p. SHRUNK.] To contract ; 
 to become or make less. 
 
 Shrink'age, n. Act or meas- 
 ureof shrinking. 
 
 Shriv'el (8), r. t. or i. To con- 
 tract into wrinkles. 
 
 Shroud, n. A 
 cover ; a 
 winding 
 sheet ; {pi.) 
 a set of - 
 rope 
 reaching " 
 from the 
 mast - head 
 to the side of 
 a vessel. — 
 v.t. To cover; to shelterj 
 to dress for the grave. 
 
 Shrove'-tlde, n. Confessioa- 
 time ; Tuesday before Lent 
 
 Shrub, n. A low, dwarf tree; 
 a drink. 
 
 Shrub'ber-y, n. A collection 
 or plantation of shrubs. 
 
 Shrub'by, a. Full of shrubs ; 
 hke a shrub. 
 
 Shrouds. 
 
 son, or, dQ, W9lf, to-Q, to^ok ; flrn, rije, pull ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; a^ j exist ; u as ng ; this. 
 
SHRUG 
 
 Shrug, V. t. To draw up, as 
 the shoulders. — n. A 
 drawing up the shoulders. 
 
 Shrunk, imp. k p. p. of 
 Shrink. 
 
 Shuck, n. A shell or coyer- 
 
 ing ; a husk or pod. 
 Shud'der, n. A trembling, as 
 with horror^ — v. i. To 
 quake ; to quiver. 
 Shuffle, v.t. To change the 
 relative position of, as of 
 cards. — v. i. To prevari- 
 cate ; to evade. — n. Act of 
 shuffling; a change in 
 cards ; a trick. 
 Shuffling, n. Evasion ; 
 
 trickery ; irregular gait. 
 Shun, V. t. To avoid ; to get 
 
 out of the way of. 
 Shunt, n. A turn-off to a 
 side rail; a switch. — v. t. 
 To turn off to one side. 
 Shut,^'. t. or /. [imp. & p. p. 
 SHUT.] To close; to pro- 
 hibit ; to bar. 
 Shiit'ter, n. One who, or that 
 which, shuts ; a close cover. 
 Shut'tle, n. A weaver's in- 
 strument to shoot the 
 threads of the woof between 
 those of the warp. 
 Shutaie-e6ck,«. An instru- 
 ment used with a battle- 
 door in play. 
 Shy,rt. Shunning society ; re- 
 served. — Syn. Coy ; timid. 
 Shy'ly (13), adv. In a timid 
 
 manner; bashfully. 
 Shy'ness (13), n. Reserve ; 
 
 coyness ; bashfulness. 
 Sib'i-lant, a. Hissing. — n. 
 A letter uttered with a hiss- 
 ing sound. - [sound. 
 Sib/i-la'tion, n. A hissing 
 Sib'yl, n. A pagan prophet- 
 ess; a gypsy. 
 Sib'yl-lme,a. Pertaining to, 
 
 or resembling, a sibyl. 
 Sick (5), a. Afflicted with 
 disease; ill; ailing; indis- 
 posed; disgusted. 
 Sick'en (sik^n), v. t.ori. To 
 
 make or become sick. 
 Sick'ish, a. Exciting disgust. 
 Sick'le, n. A reaping-hook. 
 Sick'li-ness,n. State of being 
 sickly ; unhealthiness. 
 
 242 
 
 Sick'ly, a. Somewhat sick ; 
 unhealthy : infirm. 
 
 Sick'ness ,n '. A morbid state 
 of the body ; disease. 
 
 Side, n. The broad part of a 
 thing; part of the body 
 about the ribs ; margin ; 
 edge ; party ; interest. — a. 
 Lateral ; indirect. — v. i. To 
 lean to one party. 
 
 Side'b5ard, n. A kind of 
 table on one side of a room, 
 to hold dinner utensils, &c. 
 
 Side 'long, a. Lateral; ob- 
 lique ; not directly in front. 
 
 Sid'er-al, ) a. Pertaining to 
 
 Si-de're-al, ) stars ; starry. 
 
 Slde'-sad^dle, n. A woman's 
 saddle. 
 
 Side'wige, adv. On one side. 
 Si'dle, V. i. To go side fore- 
 most, [fortified place. 
 Siege, n. Act of besetting a 
 Si'e-nite, n. See Syenite. 
 Si-es'ta, n. A short sleep at 
 
 noon or after dinner. 
 Sieve, n. A small utensil 
 
 used for sifting. 
 Sift, V. t. To separate by 
 
 means of a sieve. 
 Sift'er, n. One who, or that 
 
 which, sifts. 
 Sigh (sT), V. i. To emit breath 
 
 audibly ; to lament. — n. A 
 
 deep breathing. 
 Sight (sit), Sense, act, or 
 
 object of seeing ; a show. 
 Sight'less (sTt/-),a. Wanting 
 
 sight. 
 
 Sight'ly (sit'-), a. ^ Pleasing 
 
 to the eye ; conspicuous. 
 Sign (sin), n. A token ; mark ; 
 signal ; symbol ; proof ; won- 
 der ; constellation. — v. t. 
 To subscribe one's name to. 
 Sig'nal, n. A sign to give 
 notice ; a token. — a. Emi- 
 nent; remarkable. 
 Sig'nal-ize, v. t. To make 
 distinguished ; to make a 
 signal in regard to. 
 ^\g'•^l^^.-\Y,adv. Remarkably. 
 Sig'na-tiire, n. A name or 
 
 mark signed or impressed. 
 SIgn'er (singer), n. One who 
 
 subscribes his name. 
 Sig'net, w. A seal, especially 
 a private royal seal. 
 
 SIMILE 
 
 Sig-mPi-cange, \ n. Impor- 
 Sig-mf'i-ean-gy, j tance ; 
 
 meaning ; import ; weight. 
 Sig-nif'i-eant, a. Expressive 
 of some fact or meaning ; 
 important; weighty. 
 Sig'ni-fi-ca'tion, n. Meaning 
 expressed bywords or signs. 
 Sig-nif'i-ea-tive, a. Having 
 
 or expressing meaning. 
 Sig'ni-fy, v. t. To make 
 known.— 1'. i. To express 
 meaning with force. 
 Sign'-post (sin/-), n. A post 
 
 on which a sign hangs. 
 Si'lenge, n. Stillness ; se- 
 crecy ; quiet ; muteness. — 
 r. t. To still; to appease. 
 Si'lent, a. Still ; mute ; quiet. 
 Si'lex, ) n. Silicic acid, or 
 Sil'i-ea, } the substance of 
 pure quartz. [or quartz. 
 Si-liQ'i-c, a. Relating to flint 
 SI-H'cious (-lish/us), a. Per- 
 taining to silex ; flinty. 
 Silk, n. The fine, soft thread 
 produced by the silk-worm, 
 or cloth made of the thread. 
 Silk'en, a. Made of silk ; like 
 
 silk; soft; silky. 
 Silk'-worm (-wfirm), n. A 
 
 larve that produces silk. 
 Silk 'y, a. Pertaining to, con- 
 sisting of, or resembling, 
 silk; soft; silken. 
 Sill (1), w. Foundation timber 
 of a house or window, &c. 
 SiPla-hub, n. A liquor of 
 
 wine or cider and milk. 
 SiPli-ness, n. Want of sense. 
 Sil'ly, a. Weak in intellect, 
 and self-satisfied. — Syn. 
 Simple; §,tupid. 
 Silt, n. Mud deposited from 
 running or standing water. 
 SiPver, n. . A precious metal 
 of a white color. — a. Made 
 of, or like, silver, — v. t. %o 
 cover with silver. 
 SiPver-smith, n. One 
 
 works in silver. 
 SiPver-y, a. Resembling siH.' 
 
 ver. [bling. 
 Sim'i-lar, a. Like ; resem- 
 Sim/i-lar'i-ty, n. Resem- 
 blance; likeness, [manner 
 Sim'i-lar-ly, adv. In a like 
 Sim'i-le, n. Similitude. 
 
 5. 6. 1, o. u. V, long ; a. 6, i. 6, ft, 5^, 5Aor77 care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, tt^rm ; pVque, firm; 
 
SIMILITUDE 
 
 Si-miFi-tGde, n. Comparison. 
 Sim'mer, v. i. Toboii peutly. 
 Sim^o-ni'ac-al, a. Guilty of, 
 or consisting in, simony. 
 
 Sim'o-ny, n. The crime of 
 bu}ing or selling of cliurcli 
 prefermeat. 
 
 Si-mobm', w. A hot suffocat- 
 ing wind in Arabia, Syria, 
 and the adjacent countries. 
 
 Sim'per, v. i. To smile in a 
 .silly manner. — n. An af- 
 fected or silly smile. 
 
 Sim'plc, a. riain ; artless ; 
 single ; unmingled ; silly. — 
 n. Sometliing not mixed ; 
 a medicinal plant. 
 
 Sim'ple-ton (sTm^pl- 10), n. 
 A silly or foolish person. 
 
 Sim-pliQ'i-ty, n. Plainness ; 
 artlessuess ; singleness. 
 
 Ri'm'pli-fi-ga'tion, n. Act of 
 making simple. 
 
 Sim'pli-fy, V. t. To make 
 simple, plain, or easy. 
 
 Sim'ply, arA'. Without art ; 
 plainly ; merely. [feit. 
 
 Sim'u-fate, v. t. To counter- 
 
 Sim/u-ia'tion, a. Hypocrisy. 
 
 Si'mul-ta'ne-oiis, a. llcing 
 or happening at the same 
 time with something else. 
 
 SPmul-ta'ne-ous-ly, adv. At 
 the same time. 
 
 Sin, "n. A violation of divine 
 Ij^w., or rule of duty. — v. i. 
 To depart knowingly from a 
 known rule of duty. 
 
 Sm'a-pi§m, n. A poultice 
 of pulverize'^ mustard-seed. 
 
 Singe, prep. ^fter. — adv. 
 Before this |BaOw ; ago. — 
 conj. Froni^^^'time that ; 
 because ; Qoijisi'dering. 
 
 Sin-gere', a3 True ; honest ; 
 undissembhng; unfeigned. 
 
 Sin-ger'i-ty, Freedom 
 from disguise ; honesty. 
 
 feine, n. A perpen- ^ — 
 
 :*'dicular line from f / \ 
 
 one end of an arc [ ^ ' ) 
 
 to tlie diameter V J 
 drawn through ^r— ^ 
 thef^ther end. 
 
 Si'ne-"€ilre, n. Office or posi- 
 tion with pay, but not re- 
 quiring active labor. 
 
 Sin'ew(sm/yTj),n. A tendon; 
 
 OA 243 
 
 muscle ; strength. — v. i To 
 unite as with sinews. 
 
 Sm'ew-y, a. Strong; mus- 
 cular; tendinous; brawny. 
 
 Sin'ful,a. Guilty of sin; un- 
 holy ; wicked. 
 
 Sin'ful-ness, n. State of be- 
 ing sinful; wickedness. 
 
 Sing, V. t. or 7. [imp. sang, 
 SUNG ; p. SUNG.] To ut- 
 ter musical or melodious 
 sounds. 
 
 Singe, r. t. (11) To burn the 
 external part of; to scorch. 
 — n. A shght burn or 
 scorching. [singing. 
 
 Sing'er, n. One skilled in 
 
 Smg'ing, n. Act of uttering 
 musical notes. 
 
 Sin'gle ( sTng/gl ), a . Individ- 
 ual ; separate ; alone ; un- 
 married ; sincere. — v. t. To 
 select ; to separate. 
 
 Sm'glc-ness, n. Simplicity. 
 
 Sin'gly, adv. Individually ; 
 separately ; only . 
 
 Sing'-song, n. A drawling, 
 monotonous tone. 
 
 Sm'gu-lar, a. Single ; alone ; 
 not plural ; particular ; re- 
 markable ; rare ; odd. 
 
 Sin''gu-lar'i-ty, n. Peculi- 
 arity ; oddity. [ly. 
 
 Sin'gu-lar-ly, adv. Peculiar- 
 
 Sm'is-ter, a. Left ; bad ; un- 
 fair ; unlucky. 
 
 Sm'is-trous, a. Being on, or 
 inclined to, the left side ; 
 wrong ; perverse. 
 
 Sink, V. i. [imp. sunk, 
 sank; p. p. SUNK.] To 
 settle; to fall; to subside; 
 to decline. — v. i. To im- 
 merse ; to depress ; to de- 
 grade. — n. A drain to carry 
 off filth. 
 
 Sink'ing-fund, n. A fund 
 to reduce a public debt. 
 
 Sm'iess, a. Free from sin. 
 
 Sm'ner, n. A transgressor. 
 
 Sm'-of^fer-ing, n. A sacri- 
 fice for sin. [and out. 
 
 Sm^u-a^tion,?i. A winding in 
 
 Sin^u-6s^i-ty, n. Quahty of 
 winding in and out. 
 
 Sm'u-ous, a. Winding in and 
 out; serpentine. 
 
 Sip, n. A slight taste, as of 
 
 SKATE 
 
 liquor.— u. i. ort. To drinlt 
 
 a little. 
 
 Si'phon, n. A bent tube for 
 transterring liquor from one 
 vessel to another. 
 
 Sir, 71. A title of address to 
 a man ; title of a baronet. 
 
 Sire, n. Father; title of a 
 king ; male parent of a beast. 
 _ — v.t. To generate. 
 
 Si'ren, n. A mermaid noted 
 for singing. 
 
 Sir'loin, n. The loin of bocf. 
 
 Si-r6€'-eo, n. A uoxi(.uij 
 southeast Avind in Italy. 
 
 Sir 'rah, n. A term of re- 
 jjroach ; — addressed to men. 
 
 Sir'up, n. Vegetable juice 
 boiled with sugar. 
 
 Sis'ter, n. A fi niale bom of 
 the same parents or belong- 
 ing to the same association. 
 
 Sis'ter-hdbd, n. A society 
 of sisters. [ter. 
 
 Sis'ter-ly , a. Becoming a sis- 
 Sit, V. i. [i7)!p. & p. //. SAT.] 
 To rest on the haunches ; to 
 perch; to brood, [position. 
 
 Site, 71. A situation ; local 
 
 Sifting, n. A session. 
 
 Sit'u-ate, ) a. Being in any 
 
 Sifu-a^ted, j condition. 
 
 Sit^u-a'tion, 7?. llelative po- 
 •Sition, location, or con- 
 dition ; state ; site. 
 
 Six, a. Five and one. 
 
 Six'penge, 'rt. Half a shilling. 
 
 Six'teen, a. Ten and six. 
 
 Sixteenth, a. The ordinal 
 of sixteen. 
 
 Sixth, a. Next after the fifth ; 
 being one of six equal parts 
 of any thing. 
 
 Six'ty, n:k a. Six times ten ; 
 three-score. 
 
 Siz'a-ble (11), a. Of a rea- 
 sonable bulk. 
 
 SPzar, 71. A student of rank 
 below a pensioner. [Eng.} 
 
 Size, n. Bulk ; quantity ; a 
 glutinous substance. — v. t. 
 To adjust or arrange accord- 
 ing to size ; to cover or pre- 
 pare with size. 
 
 STz^y, a. Glutinous ; ropy. 
 
 Skate, 71. A frame for the feet 
 for sliding on ice. — v. i. To 
 slide with skates. 
 
 S(5n, or, do, w^lf, t(7o, to^ok ; Qrn, rj^e, piiU ; f , ^, soft ; € , ^,hard ; ag ; exist ; q n^ : this. 
 
SKEIN 
 
 244 
 
 Skein, n. A knot or number 
 
 o'f knots of threads. 
 Skel'e-ton, n. The bones of 
 an animal retained in their 
 natural position ; general 
 structure. 
 Skep'ti€, n. One who doubts, 
 
 especially of revelation. 
 Skepai€-al, a. Doubting. 
 Skep'ti-Qism,n. Doubt; un- 
 certainty'; universal doubt. 
 Sketch, n. An outline ; a 
 rough draught. — v. t. To 
 trace by drawing outlines of. 
 Sketch'3^ a. Like a sketch ; 
 
 incomplete. 
 Skew'er (ska/-), n. A pointed 
 rod to fasten meat. — v. t. 
 To fasten with skewers. 
 Skid, n. A short piece of tim- 
 ber ; a slider. [boat. 
 Skiff (1), A small, light 
 Skill, n. Familiar knowledge 
 united to readiness of per- 
 formance. — SYN. Dexteri- 
 ty ; adroitness. — v. i. To 
 know or be knowing. 
 Skilled, a. Having familiar 
 knowledge. [boiler. 
 SkiPlet, n. A small kind of 
 Skill'ful 1(9), a. Qualified 
 Skil'ful j with skill; expe- 
 rienced. 
 Skill'ful-ly, i adv. T\ith 
 SkiFful-ly, ) knowledge 
 
 and dexterity. 
 Skim, V. t. or i. To take off 
 scum or cream ; to touch 
 slightly. [take off scum. 
 Skim'mer, n. A utensil to 
 Skim'-milk, n. Milk from 
 which the cream has been 
 skimmed, or taken. 
 Skin, n. Covcping of the 
 llesh ; hide ; rind.— v. t. To 
 deprive of the skin. — v. i. 
 To form a skin over. 
 Skin'-flint, n. A miser; a 
 niggard. [or of skin only 
 Skin'ny,a. Consisting of skin, 
 Skip, V. i. To leap lightly. — 
 V. t. To pass oyer or by. 
 n. A leap ; a bound. 
 Skip'per , n. Master of a small 
 
 trading vessel. 
 Skir'mish, n. A slight fight 
 in war. — v. i. To fight 
 slightly or in small parties 
 
 Skirt, n. A border ; the loose 
 lower part of a coat, of a 
 woman's dress, or of some 
 other garment. 
 Skit'tish, a. Shy ; timorous. 
 Skit'tles, n. pi. Nine-pins. 
 Skiilk, V. i. To lurk ; to hide. 
 Skull, n. The bony case 
 
 that incloses the brain. 
 Skull'-eap, n. A close-fitting 
 cap. , ^ 
 
 Skiink, n. A fetid animal of 
 
 North America. 
 Sky (19), n. The aerial re- 
 gion ; the heavens. 
 Sky'-light (-nt), n. A window 
 
 in a roof or deck. 
 Sky'-sail, n. A sail next 
 
 above the royal. 
 Slab, n. A thin piece of any 
 thing, especially of stone ; 
 outside piece of a sawed log. 
 Slab'ber {colloq. slob/ber), v. 
 
 i. To slaver ; to drivel. 
 Slack (5), a. Lax; loose; 
 relaxed ; remiss ; slow ; tur- 
 dy. _ »i. Part of a rope 
 having no strain on it. — v- 
 To loosen ; to relax. 
 Slack'en(siak/n),'y. To make 
 or become slack ; to relax ; 
 to be remiss or backward. 
 Slack'ness, n. State of being 
 
 slack ; remissness. 
 Slag, n. Dross of metal ; vit- 
 rified cinders. 
 Smn (U),P-P- of Slay. 
 Slake, V. t. To quench, as 
 thirst ; to extinguish ; to mix 
 with water, and reduce to 
 powder, as lime. 
 Siam, V. t. To shut with 
 force. — n. A violent shut- 
 ting or striking. 
 Slan'der, v. t. To injure by 
 false reports. — SYN. To de- 
 fame ; vilify ; calumniate. 
 
 n. False report malicious- 
 ly uttered ; defamation. 
 Slan'der-ous, a. Defama- 
 tory ; calumnious. 
 Siang, n. Low, vulgar, un- 
 
 authorii5ed language. 
 Slant, v.t.or i. To slope ; to 
 
 lie or turn obliquely. 
 Slant'ing, a. Sloping ; in- 
 clining ; oblique. 
 
 I, V. t. To strike with the 
 
 SLEEK 
 
 open hand. — n. A blow 
 with the open hand, or with 
 something iiat and broad. 
 Slash, V. t. To cut in long 
 cuts. — v.n. To strike vio- 
 lently and at random with 
 an edged instrument. — iu 
 A long incision. 
 Slat, n. A narrow strip of 
 board for various purposes. 
 Slate, n. A kind of dark stone, 
 or a thin flat piece of it. — 
 V. t. To cover with slate. 
 Slat'tern, n. A woman neg- 
 ligent of her dress or house. 
 Slat'tern-ly, a. Negligent; 
 
 sluttish. [hke, slate. 
 
 Slat'y, a. Consisting of, or 
 Slaughter (siaw'ter), n. De- 
 struction of life ; massacre ; 
 carnage. — v. t. To kill; 
 to slay ; to butcher. 
 Slaugh'ter-house (slaw/-), n. 
 
 Place for butchering cattle. 
 Slaugh'ter-ous (slaw'-), a. 
 
 Murderous ; destructive. 
 Slave, n. A person held in 
 bondage; a drudge.— r'. i- 
 to drudge ; to toil. 
 Slav'er, n. A slave-ship. 
 Sl&v'er, n. Spittle driveling 
 from the mouth. — r. i. To 
 emit spittle.— t'. t. To 
 smear with spittle issuing 
 from the mouth. 
 Slav'er-y , n. State of a slave ; 
 
 bondage; thralldom. 
 Slav'ish, a. Servile ; mean. 
 Slay, V. t. [imp. slew; p. 
 p. SLAIN.] To put to death. 
 — SYN. To kill; destroy; 
 » slaughter butcher, 
 kiay'er, ir One who kills. 
 §lea'zy,a. Thin; flimsy. 
 Sipd, n. A carriage on run- 
 t^rs for carrying heavy 
 l^rdens on the snow ; a 
 seat on runners for 
 sliding on snow. — v.t. To 
 covAcy on a sled. 
 SleM^,n. Act of trans- 
 porting on a sled ; snow 
 enough for sleds. 
 Sledge, n. A large hammer,* 
 
 a sled; a sleigh. 
 Sleek, a. Smooth, soft, and 
 glossy, —v.t. To make 
 smooth, soft, and glossy. 
 
 S, .,T, o, u, y, /on..; S, e , 1, 6. fi, sUort ; care, c4r, ask, whjt ; Ere, vfiU. t.m. ; pVque, T.^ ; 
 
SLEEKNESS 
 
 245 
 
 SMACK 
 
 Sleek'ness, n. Smoothness 
 and glossiness of surface. 
 
 Sleep, n. Slumber ; repose ; 
 rest. — V. i. [imp. & p. 
 SLEPT.] To rest with the 
 voluntary exercise or' the 
 powers of body and mind 
 suspended. 
 
 Sleep'er, n. One who sleeps ; 
 a timber for the support of a 
 
 ' rail or some superstructure. 
 
 Sleep'i-ness, n. Drowsiness. 
 
 Sleep'less, a. IhWrn^ no 
 sleep ; wakeful ; excited. 
 
 Sleep'less-ness, n. Want of 
 sleep. [drowsy. 
 
 Sleep'y, a. Disposed to sleep ; 
 
 Sleet, n. Rain and snow or 
 hail falHng together, [arm. 
 
 Sleeve, n. Covering of the 
 
 Sleigh (sla), n. A vehicle for 
 traveling on snow. 
 
 Sleigh'ing (sla/-), n. Act of 
 riding in a sleigh ; state of 
 snow with respect to riding 
 in a sleigh. 
 
 Sleight (slit), n. An artful 
 trick ; dexterity. 
 
 Slen'der, a. Thin and com- 
 paratively long ; weak. 
 
 S16n'der-ness, n. Smallness 
 of diameter; slightness. 
 
 Slept, imp. & p. p. of Sleep. 
 
 Slew (slu), imp. of Slay. 
 
 Sley, t'. t. To part and ar- 
 range in a reed, as threads. 
 
 Sllge, n. A thin piece cut off. 
 — V. t. To cut off a thin, 
 broad piece from. 
 
 Slide, V. i. or t. [imp. slid ; 
 
 p. p. SLID, SLIDDEN.] To 
 
 move along the surface ; to 
 slip. — n. A smooth, easy 
 passage on something. 
 
 Slight (slit), a. Unimportant ; 
 weak ; trifling ; slender. — n. 
 Neglect. — V. t. To treat 
 with neglect ; to disregard 
 
 Slight'ly (slit/-), adv. Super- 
 ficially. 
 
 SlPly. See Slyly. [slight. 
 
 Slim, a. Slender ; weak ; 
 
 Slime, n. Soft, moist, ad- 
 hesive earth. [glutinous. 
 
 Slim'y, a. Viscous : clammy ; 
 
 Sling, n. A weapon for throw 
 ing stones ; a throw ; a kind 
 of bandage. — v. t. [imp. & 
 
 p. p. SLUNG.] To hurl by 
 a sling ; to cast. 
 Slink, V. [imp. & p. p. 
 SLUNK.] To steal or sneak 
 away ; to miscarry. 
 Slip, V. To slide involunta- 
 rily ; to glide ; to escape. — 
 n. A sliding ; mistake ; 
 twig ; narrow piece ; strip. 
 Slip'-kn6t (-not), n. A knot 
 tliat slips along the line on 
 which it is made. 
 Slip'per, n. A kind of light 
 
 shoe worn in undress. 
 Slip'per-i-ness, n. State or 
 
 quality of being slippery. 
 Slip'per-y, «. Smooth; glib; 
 
 apt to slip away ; unstiible. 
 Slip'shdd, a. Wearing shoes 
 down at the heels ; careless. 
 Slit, n. A long cut or rent. 
 — V. t. [imp. SLIT ; p. p. 
 SLIT, SLITTED.] To divide 
 lengthvv'ise ; to rend or cut. 
 Slit'ting-mill, n. A mill 
 where iron bars are slit into 
 nail-rods, &c. 
 Sliv'er, or Sli'ver, f. t. To 
 divide into thin pieces. — n. 
 A long slice cut or torn off. 
 Slob'ber, v. n. See Slabber. 
 Sloe (27), n. Fruit of the black 
 
 thorn. 
 Sloop, w. A kind 
 of vessel having 
 one mast only. 
 S16p, 71. Water 
 carelessly 
 spilled. — pi. 
 dirty water ; 
 ready - made 
 clothes. — V. t. 
 to overflow ; to spill. 
 Slope, n. Direction down- 
 ward ; a declivity or accliv- 
 ity. — V. To form with a 
 slope ; to be inclined. 
 SlSp'py, a. Wet and dirty. 
 Slot, n. A slit or aperture in 
 
 a plate of metal. 
 S15th, or S16th,n. Sluggish- 
 ness ; laziness : a slow-mov- 
 ing animal of South Amer- 
 ica, living in trees. 
 Sloth'ful, or S16th'ful, a. 
 
 Lazy ; sluggish ; indolent. 
 Slouch, n. A hanging down. 
 To hang down ; to de 
 
 press ; to have a clownish 
 look or manner. [place. 
 
 Slough (ilou), n. A miry 
 
 Slough (sluf), n. Cast skin 
 of a serpent ; part that sep' 
 arates from a sore. 
 
 Slov'en [or sluv/n), n. A man 
 habitually careless of dress 
 and neatness. 
 
 S16v'en-li-ness [or sltiv^n-), 
 n. Habitual want ol clean- 
 liness. 
 
 S16v'en-ly (or sluv^n-), a. 
 Negligent of dress or neat- 
 ness ; loose ; disorderly. 
 Slow, a. Not fast or quick ; 
 not prompt. — Syn. Tardy ; 
 slothful ; inactive. [dily. 
 Slow'ly, adv. Not quick ; tar- 
 Slow'ness, n. Quality of 
 
 being slow ; deliberation. 
 Slue, V. t. To turn about a 
 
 fi.xed point. 
 Slug, n. A drone ; a slow or 
 lazy fellow ; a kind of snail. 
 Slug'gard, n. A person ha- 
 bitually lazy ; a drone, [lazy. 
 Slug'gish, a. Habitually 
 Sluice, n. A stream of water 
 issuing through a flood- 
 gate ; a floodgate. 
 Slum'ber, v. i. To sleep 
 lightly ; to doze. — n. Light 
 sleep ; repose. 
 Slump, v.i. To sink through 
 or in, as when walking on 
 ice or snow. 
 Slung, imp. & p. p. of Sling. 
 Slunk, imp. 8c p. p. of Slink. 
 Slur, V. t. To soil ; to sully ; 
 to pass lightly ; to perform 
 in a smooth, gliding man- 
 ner. — n. Stain ; shght dis- 
 grace or reproach ; innuen- 
 do ; a mark [ or ""] con- 
 necting notes to be sung to 
 the same syllable. 
 Slut, n. An untidy woman ; 
 
 a slattern ; a female dog. 
 Slut'tish, a. Negligent ; 
 
 dirty ; slatternh'. [crafty. 
 Sly (13), a. Artful ; cunning; 
 Sly-hobts, n. A sly person. 
 Sly'ly (L3), adv. With art 5 
 cunningly ; craftily. [sly. 
 Sly^'ness, n. Quality of being 
 Smack, v. i. To kiss loudly ; 
 to crack, as a whip ; to 
 
 son, or, dQ, w^lf, too, tobk ; drn, r^je, pyiU ; f , soft ; g, hard; a§ ; exist ; q as ng ; tills. 
 
SMALL 
 
 246 
 
 SNOW-BALL 
 
 taste. — n. A loud kiss ; ! 
 taste ; a small coasting or 
 fishing vessel. 
 Small, a. Little; slender; 
 -weak. — n. The slender or 
 narrow part of any thing. 
 Smail'-arms, n.pL. Muskets, 
 riifles, or pistols, [weak beer. 
 SmalP-beer, n. A kind of 
 Small'-pox, n. A contagious 
 and eruptive disease, [fine. 
 Smalt, n. Blue glass ground 
 Smart, a. Quick ; active ; 
 brisk ; sharp. — n. Quick, 
 pungent, lively pain. — v. i. 
 To have a keen pain. 
 Smart'!-/ ,adv . Briskly ; sharp- 
 ly ; wittily. [being smart. 
 Srnart'ness, n. Quality of 
 Smash, f. ^. To dash to pieces. 
 
 — 71. A breaking to pieces. 
 Smat'ter, v. i. To talk su- 
 perficially or ignorantly. 
 
 Smat'ter-ing, n. Slight, su- 
 perficial knowledge. 
 Smear, v. t. To daub; to soil. 
 Smell, V. t. or I. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 SMELLED, or SMELT.] To 
 perceive by the nose ; to 
 affect the nose. — n. Odor ; 
 scent ; sense by which odors 
 are perceived. 
 Smelt, V. t. To melt, as ore. 
 
 — n. A small kind of fish. 
 
 — V. imp. kp. p.of Smell. 
 Smile, r. i. To look as when 
 
 pleased or joyous. — n. A 
 peculiar contraction of the 
 face expressive of pleasure 
 or kindness, &c. 
 
 Smil'ing, a. Appearing gay. 
 
 Smirch, v. t. To cloud ; to 
 dirt ; to soil. 
 
 Smirk, v. i. To look affected- 
 ly soft or kind. — n. An 
 affectedly soft or kind look. 
 
 Smite, f. t. [imp. SMOTE ; 
 
 p.p. SMIT, SMITTEN.] To 
 
 strike ; to kill ; to blast ; 
 
 to afflict. — V. i. To strike ; 
 
 to collide. [metals 
 Smith, ^1. One who works in 
 Smith'er-y, n. The work or 
 
 workshop of a smith. 
 Smit'ten,^. p. of Smite. 
 Smock, n. A shift; achem.ise. 
 Smolce, n. Exlialation from 
 
 burning substances. — v. i. 
 
 To emit smoke. — v. t. To 
 hang in smoke ; to use in 
 smoking, as a pipe or cigar. 
 
 Smok'er, n. One who smokes. 
 
 Smok'y, a. Emitting smoke ; 
 like smoke; obscure. 
 
 Smol'der, \v. i. To waste 
 
 Smoul'der, ) away by slow 
 combustion. 
 
 Smooth, a. Even on the sur- 
 face. — V. t. To make even. 
 
 Smooth 'ly, adv. Evenly ; 
 calmly ; blandly. 
 
 Snarl, v. t. To entangle ; to 
 complicate. — v. i. To growl, 
 as a dog. — n. Entangle- 
 meut ; an embarrassing dif- 
 ficulty. 
 
 Snatch, v. t. To seize hastily. 
 — n. A hasty catch or seiz- 
 ing ; a small fragment. 
 Snath, It. Handle of a fcy the. 
 Sneak (8), v. i. To creep 
 slyly ; to behave meanly ; to 
 hide. — n. A mean, sneak- 
 ing fellow. 
 
 Smooth'ness, n. Evenness of Sneak'ing, a. Mean ; servile. 
 
 surface ; mildness of ad- 
 dress ; gentleness. 
 
 Smote, imj). of Smite. 
 
 Smoth'er, v. t. To suffocate. 
 — n. A smoke ; thick dust. 
 
 Smug'gle, v. t. To import 
 without paying duties; to 
 convey privatelj' . 
 
 SmUt, n. Soot ; foul matter, 
 or a spot made by it ; a kind 
 of fungus; mildew. — v.t. 
 To mark with smut ; to 
 soil. [with smoke. 
 
 Smiitch, v. t. To blacken 
 
 Smiit'ti-ness, n. Soil from 
 smoke ; obscenity. 
 
 Smiit'ty, a. Soiled; obscene. 
 
 Snack, n. A share ; equal 
 part or portion. 
 
 Snaffle, n. A bridle consist- 
 
 Sneer, V. i. To show con- 
 tempt by laughing or by a 
 look. — n. A scornful or 
 contemptuous look. 
 Sneeze, v. i. To eject nir vio- 
 lently through the nose. — 
 n. A violent ejection of air 
 through the no.<-e. 
 Sniff {1), V. i. or i. To draw 
 
 air audibly up the nose. 
 Snick^er, \v. i. To laugh 
 Snig'ger, J with catches of 
 voice. [to clip. 
 
 Snip, V. t. To cut off ; to nip ; 
 Snipe, n. A bird having a 
 
 long, straight, slender bill. 
 Sniv'el (snivel), w. Mucous 
 running from the nose. — 
 V. i. (8) To run at the nose ; 
 to crv, as children. 
 
 ing of a slender bit with- i Snob, n. A vulgar person who 
 out branches. | apes gentility ; an upstart. 
 
 Snag, n. A short, rough Snob'bish, a. Relating to, or 
 branch ; trunk of a large I like, a snob, 
 tree fixed at one end to the ; Snooze, v. t. To doze ; to 
 bottom of a river. | drowse, —n. A short sleep ; 
 
 Snas-'ged, 1 a. Full of snags; a nap ; slumber. 
 
 Snag^gy, j or sharp points. 
 Snail, n. A small reptile 
 which moves very slowly ; a 
 sluggard. 
 Snake, A serpent. 
 Snake'root, n. One of sev- 
 eral very different plants. 
 Snap (7), V. To break short ; 
 to" seize suddenly with the 
 teeth : to crack. — n. Act of 
 breaking suddenly. 
 Snap'-drag/on, n. A plant ; 
 
 a kit!d of game, [petulant. 
 Sn^p'pish, a. Apt to snap; 
 Snare, n. Any thing which 
 entraps; a noose. — v.t. To 
 ensfiare ; to entangle. 
 
 Snored v. i. To breathe with 
 a rough, hoarse noii-e in 
 sleep. — n. A breathing 
 with a loud noise in sleep. 
 Snorting, n. A loud, hoarse 
 
 breathing in sleep. 
 Snort, V. i. To force air 
 through th« nose with a 
 noise. [the nose. 
 
 Snot, n. Mucus from or in 
 Snout, n. The long nose of 
 
 a beast ; end of a pipe. 
 Snow, n. Frozen vapor which 
 falls in flakes. — v. i. To fall 
 in flakes. 
 Snow'-ball, n. A round mass 
 or lump of snow. 
 
 a, 5,1, o, u, y, ^on^'/it, e, i, 6, tl,^, short; care, ciir, ask, all,whj.it ; ore, vgU, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
SNOW-BERRY 
 
 247 
 
 SOLIDITY 
 
 Snow'-ber^ry, n. A shrub 
 with small white berries. 
 
 Snow'-drop, n. A bulbous 
 plant bearing white flowers. 
 
 Snow'-shoe, n. A light frame 
 for the foot, to euable a per- 
 son to walk on snow. 
 
 Snow'y, a. Full of snow ; 
 white as snow ; pure. 
 
 Snub, V. t. To check or re- 
 buke sarcastically. — n. A 
 reprimand ; a rebuke. 
 
 Snuff (1), H. Burnt wick of a 
 candle ; powdered tobacco. 
 
 — V. t. To crop, as the burnt 
 end of the wick of a candle ; 
 to inhale ; to smell, — v. i. 
 To draw air forcibly into the 
 nose. 
 
 Snuff 'b6x, n. A small box for 
 snuff. 
 
 Gnuff'er§ (9), n. pi. An in- 
 strument to snuff candles. 
 
 Snuffle, V. i. To speak 
 through the nose. 
 
 Snug, a. Lying close ; private; 
 compact and comfortable. 
 
 Snug'gle, V. i. To lie close 
 for convenience or warmth. 
 
 Sniig'ly, ar/t'. Closely; safely. 
 
 So, adv. Thus ; in like man- 
 ner or degree ; very. 
 
 Soak, V. t. or /. To steep or be 
 steeped ; to drench. 
 
 Soap, n. A compound of oil 
 or fat, and an alkali or oxide 
 used in washing. — v. t. To 
 rub with soap. 
 
 Soap'-boiFer, n. One who 
 makes soap. 
 
 Soap'stone, A soft mineral 
 feeling soapy to the touch. 
 
 Soap'-suds, n. Water im- 
 pregnated with soap. 
 
 Soap'y, a. Covered with, or 
 like, soap. 
 
 Soar, V. 'i. To mount on the 
 wing ; to fly aloft. — n. A 
 towering flight. 
 
 Sob, V. i. To sigh convulsive- 
 ly. — n. A convulsive sigh. 
 
 So'ber, a. Serious ; grave ; 
 temperate; not intoxicated. 
 
 — V. t. To make sober. 
 So'ber-ly, adv. Seriously ; 
 
 gravel yj temperately. 
 So-bri'e-ty, n. Habitual 
 temperance ; gravity. 
 
 So/bfi-quct' (so'bre-ka'), n. 
 A nickname. 
 
 So^cia-bil'i-ty (-sha-),n. Dis- 
 position for society or con- 
 versation. 
 
 S5'cia-ble (-sha-), a. Ready 
 to converse ; familiar. 
 
 So'cia-bly (-sha-), ado, Con- 
 versably ; familiarly. 
 
 So'cial (so^shal), a. Pertain- 
 ing to, or fond of, society. 
 
 So'cial-ism, n. Doctrine that 
 a community of interests is 
 the best form of society. 
 
 So-Qi'e-ty, n. Union of per- 
 sons in one interest ; fellow- 
 ship ; companionship ; an 
 association ; company. 
 
 So-Qin'i-an, n. A follower of 
 Sociuus, who denied the 
 Trinity, deity of Christ, &c. 
 
 S6ck, n. A shoe for a comic 
 actor ; a short stocking. 
 
 SSck'et, n. An opening into 
 which any thing is fitted. 
 
 S6d, n. Earth filled with 
 roots of grass. — Syn. Turf; 
 clod ; sward. — v. t. To 
 cover with sods ; to turf. 
 
 So'da, n. An alkali, forming 
 the basis of common salt. 
 
 SSd'den, p. p. of Seetke. 
 
 S6d'er, v. t. To unite with a 
 metallic cement; to solder. 
 — n. Metallic cement. 
 
 S5'fa (18), n. A long, stuffed, 
 ornamental seat. 
 
 SSf'fit, n. A ceiling. 
 
 S6ft, a. Easily yielding ; gen- 
 tle ; tender ; delicate ; weak. 
 
 Soft'en (sof/n), v. t. or i. To 
 make or become soft. 
 
 SSft'ly, ac/i'. Tenderly; gen- 
 tly ; silently. 
 
 SSft'ness, n. Quality of being 
 soft ; tenderness. [water. 
 
 S6g'gy, a. Soaked with 
 
 Soil, V. t. To daub ; to stain ; 
 to make dirty. — n. Upper 
 stratum of earth ; mold ; 
 compost ; manure ; country. 
 
 Soiree (swa-ra*'), n. An even- 
 ing party. 
 
 S5'journ, v. i. To dwell for a 
 time. — n. Temporary abode. 
 
 Sd'journ-er, n. A temporary 
 resident, as a traveler, 
 
 Sol (1), w. A note in music. 
 
 Sol'age, v. t. To give com- 
 fort to. — Syn. To comfort ; 
 cheer ; assuage ; relieve. — 
 n. Comfort in grief. 
 S5'lar, a. Pertaining to, or 
 
 proceeding from, the sun. 
 Sold, imp. 8c p. p. of Sell. 
 S61'der, v. t. To unite with a 
 fusible metallic cement. — 
 n. A fusible metallic com- 
 position for uniting the sur- 
 faces of metals. 
 
 Sol'dier (sol'jer), n. One who 
 is engaged in military ser- 
 vice ; a warrior, 
 
 SoPdier-ly (sol'jer-), a. Like 
 a good soldier ; warlike ; 
 martial. [body of soldiers. 
 
 SoPdier-y (solder-), n. A 
 
 Sole, n. Bottom of the foot or 
 of a shoe or boot. — v. t. To 
 furnish with soles. — a. 
 Single ; alone ; solitary. 
 
 SoPe-gism, n. Impropriety ia 
 language ; any absurdity. 
 
 Sole'ly, adv. Singly ; only. 
 
 S6Pemn (soPem), a. Re- 
 ligiously grave ; marked 
 with solemnity ; awful ; 
 grave ; formal. 
 
 So-lem'ni-ty, n. Religious 
 ceremony ; a rite ; gravity ; 
 .«!eriou.«;ness. 
 
 S6Pem-ni-za'tion, n. Act of 
 solemnizing; celebration. 
 
 S6Pem-mze, v. t. To cele- 
 brate in due form. 
 
 S6Penui-ly (soPem-), adv. 
 With solemnity ; gravely. 
 
 So-liQ'it, V. t. To ask with 
 earnestness. — SYN. To en- 
 treat ; supplicate ; implore. 
 
 So-liQ/it-a'tion, n. Entreaty. 
 
 So-lig'it-or, n. An advocate ; 
 an attorney. [careful. 
 
 So-lig'it-ous, a. Anxious ; 
 
 So-liQ'i-tude, n. Anxiety; 
 carefulness ; concern. 
 
 SoPid, a. Hard ; firm; com- 
 pact ; sound. — n. A sub- 
 stance having a fixed form. 
 
 S6Pi-dar'i-ty, n. Entire 
 union of interests and re- 
 sponsibilities ; fellowship. 
 
 So-lid'i-fy, v. t. To make 
 solid or compact. 
 
 So-lid'i-ty, n. Firmness \ 
 hardness ; density. 
 
 son, or, dg, wglf, too, tdbk ; firn, rye, pyll ; p, soft ; g, Jiard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
SOLIDLY 
 
 248 
 
 SOUCHONG 
 
 S61'id-ly, adv. Compactly ; 
 firmly ; densely. 
 
 So-lil'o-qmze, v. i. To utter 
 a soliloquy. [one's self. 
 
 So-liPo-quy,w. A talking to 
 
 S61'i-ta-ri-ness ( 13 ) , n . Lack 
 of company; loneliness. 
 
 S6I'i-ta-ry, a. Lonely; re- 
 tired ; single ; sole. 
 
 S61'i-tude, n. Loneliness; a 
 lonely place. 
 
 So'lo, n. A tune or air per- 
 formed by one person. 
 
 S61'stiQe, n. The point in the 
 ecliptic at which the sun is 
 furthest from the equator. 
 
 Sol-sti'tial (-stish^al), a. Be- 
 longing to, or happening at, 
 a solstice. [being soluble. 
 
 S6Vu-bil'i-ty, n. Quality of 
 
 Sol'u-ble, a. Capable of being 
 dissolved in a fluid. 
 
 So-lu'tion, n. Process of dis- 
 solving in a fluid ; mixture 
 resulting from it ; explana- 
 tion. 
 
 S61v/a-bn'i-ty, n. Ability to 
 pay all just debts. 
 
 S61v'a-ble (11), a. Capable of 
 being solved. 
 
 S61ve, V. t. To explain; to 
 unfold ; to clear up. 
 
 S61v'en-Qy, n. Abihty to pay 
 all debts or just claims. 
 
 SSlv'ent, a. Able to pay 
 debts ; dissolving. — n. A 
 fluid vrhich dissolves any 
 substance. 
 
 S6m'ber, ( a. Dull ; dusky ; 
 
 Som'bre, ) dark ; gloomy. 
 
 Sdm'broiis, a. Dark ; gloomy. 
 
 Some (slim), a. More or less ; 
 indicatinga quantity or per- 
 son unknown; certain. 
 
 S6me'b6d-y (17), «• A person 
 unknown or indeterminate ; 
 some person ; one. 
 
 Som'er-set ( slim'- ), n. A leap 
 in which one turns heels 
 over head. 
 
 Some'how, adv. In one way 
 or another. 
 
 S6meahing, n. A thing in- 
 determinate ; a part. 
 
 S6me'time§, adv. Now and 
 then ; occasionally. 
 
 Some'what (sttm^hwSt), adv. 
 In some degree or quantity. 
 
 Som-nam'bu-lism, n. Act of ! 
 
 walking in sleep. j 
 
 Som-nam'bu-list, n. One 
 who walks in sleep. j 
 
 Som-nif'er-ous, I a. Causing, 
 
 Som-nif'i€, j or tending 
 to cause, sleep. | 
 
 Som-ml'o-quenge,n. Act of i 
 talking in sleep. 
 
 Som-nil'o-quist, n. One who j 
 talks in sleep. I 
 
 Som'no-lenge, n. Sleepiness. 
 
 Som'no-lent, a. Inclined to 
 sleep ; sleepy. 
 
 Spn (sun), n. A male child 
 or descendant. 
 
 So-na'ta, n. A tune for one 
 or two instruments, [sung. 
 
 Song, n. A short poem to be 
 
 S6ng'ster, n. A singer ; a 
 bird that sings. [singer. 
 
 Song'stress, n. A female | 
 
 Son'net, n. A poem of four- 1 
 teen lines, composed accord- I 
 ing to certain rules. | 
 
 Sdn^net-eer', n. A composer 
 of sonnets or small poems. 
 
 So-n5'rous , a . Giving sound 
 when struck ; loud ; re- 
 sounding ; high-sounding. 
 
 Son'ship, n. State or charac- 
 ter of a son ; filiation. 
 
 Soon, ndv. In a little time ; 
 shortly ; before long. 
 
 Sdbt (or stTot), n. A black 
 substance formed by com- 
 bustion. — V. t. To black 
 with soot. 
 
 Sooth, n. Truth ; reality. 
 
 Soothe, V. t. To calm ; to 
 quiet. [predict. 
 Sobth'say , v. t. To foretell ; to 
 Sdbth'say-er, n. A prophet. 
 Sdbt'y (orsdot/y), rt. Relating 
 
 to, or covered with, soot. 
 S6p, n. Food dipped in any 
 liquid. — V. t. To steep or 
 dip in liquor. 
 S6ph'i§m, n. A fallacious 
 
 argument ; a fallacy. 
 S6ph'ist, n. A captious or 
 
 fallacious reasoner. 
 S6ph'ist-er, n. A sophist ; a 
 student advanced, in Eng- 
 land beyond the first, and in 
 America beyond the second, 
 year of his residence. 
 So-phist'i€-al, a. Fallacious. 
 
 So-phist'i-c-al-ly, adv. In a 
 sophistical nianner. 
 
 So-phist'i-e-ate, v. t. To per- 
 vert ; to corrupt. [soning. 
 
 Soph'ist-ry, n. Fallacious rea- 
 
 Soph'o-more, n. A student 
 in college in his second year. 
 
 S6ph'o-m6r'i€, la.Inflat- 
 
 S6ph''o-m6r'i€-al, j ed in 
 style or manner. 
 
 SSp^o-rif er-ous, ) a. Caus- 
 
 S6p^o-rif 'i€, j ing sleep. 
 
 S6p''o-rif' i-e, n. A medicine 
 that puts to sleep. 
 
 So-pra'no, n. The treble. 
 
 S6r'ger-er, n. A magician ; 
 an enchanter ; a conjurer. 
 
 S6r'Qer-ess, n. An enchant- 
 ress, [sorcery. 
 
 Sor'ger-ous, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Sor'QBi-y, n. Enchantment; 
 witchcraft ; magic, [filthy. 
 
 Sor'did, a. Covetous ; base ; 
 
 S6r'did4y, adv. AVith cove- 
 tousness ; meanly ; basely. 
 
 Sore, n. Flesh tender and 
 painfal ; a wound ; an ul- 
 cer. — a. Tender to the 
 touch ; painful. 
 
 Sore, or Sore'ly, adv. "With 
 pain; grievously; greatly. 
 
 Sore'ness, n. Tenderness. 
 
 Sor'rel, a. Of a yellowish or 
 reddish brown color. — n. A 
 plant having a sour juice. 
 
 S6r'ri-ly, adv. Meanly ; 
 poorly ; despicably. 
 
 Sor'row, n. Pain produced 
 by a sense of loss ; regret; 
 — Syn. Grief ; sadness ; 
 unhappiness. — v. i. To be 
 sorry ; to mourn ; to grieve ; 
 to be sad. [sad. 
 
 S6r'r5w-ful, a. Mournful ; 
 
 Sdr'ry, a.' Grieved for some- 
 thing lost or past^ poor*, 
 mean ; vile. 
 
 Sort, n. A species ; kind ; 
 manner. — v. t. To dispose 
 in classes. — v. i. To agree ; 
 to associate ; to suit. 
 S6t, n. An habitual drunkard. 
 S6taish, a. Dull or stupid 
 
 with drink ; drunken. 
 Sou (soo), n. {pi. Sous, scJb.) 
 
 The 20th of a franc. 
 Sou-Qh6ng' (sob-shongO, n. 
 A kind of black tea. 
 
 a, 6, 1, 6, fi, y, long; a, 6, 1, 6, «, ^ , short ; care, car, &sk, gU, wh?t ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm } 
 
SOUGH 
 
 249 
 
 SPECIES 
 
 Sough (sQf), n. A hollow 
 
 murmur or roaring. 
 Sought (savvt), imp. of Seek. 
 Soul, n. The spiritual and 
 immortal part of man ; life ; 
 intellectual principle ; a hu- 
 man being. 
 Soul'less, a. Without a soul ; 
 
 mean ; spiritless. 
 Sound, n. Noise; a narrow 
 sea ; air-bladder of a fish. — 
 a. Whole ; unhurt. — v. i. 
 To make a noise ; to try the 
 depth of water. — v. t. To 
 cause to make a noise ; to try 
 the depth of. 
 Sound'ings, n. pL A part of 
 the sea or other water in 
 which the bottom can be 
 reached. 
 Sound'ly, adv. Healthily ; 
 
 heartily ; stoutly ; justly. 
 Sound'ness, n. State of be- 
 ing sound. 
 Soup (subp), M. A decoction 
 
 of flesh, vegetables, &c. 
 Sour, a. Acid ; tart ; crab- 
 bed. — V. i. To become acid. 
 SCurge, n. A spring ; foun- 
 tain ; origin ; first cause. 
 Sour'ish, a. Somewhat sour. 
 Sour'ly, adv. With acidity. 
 Sour'ness, n. Acidity ; tart- 
 ness ; austerity. 
 Souse, n. Pickle made of the 
 ears and feet of swine ; a 
 plunge. — V. t. To steep in 
 souse ; to plunge ; to dip. 
 South, n. Point opposite the 
 north.— a. Lying in a 
 southern direction. — adv. 
 Toward the south. — v. t. 
 To move toward the south ; 
 to cross a north and south 
 line. 
 
 South-east', n. A point be- 
 tween south and east. 
 
 South'er-ly (stith/er-), a. Be- 
 ing at, or coming from, the 
 south. 
 
 South'ern (stith/ern), a. Per- 
 taining to the south. 
 South'ing, n. Course or dis- 
 tance south ; time when the 
 moon passes the meridian. 
 South'ron (sStb/-), n. A 
 native or inhabitant of the 
 south 
 
 South'ward {or sKth/ard), 
 
 adv. Toward the south. 
 South -west', n. A point be- 
 tween south and west. — a. 
 Being at the south-west. 
 Souvenir (soov/neer'), n. A 
 remembrancer; a keepsake. 
 Sov'er-eign (sov^er-iu or 
 suv/er-in), a. Supreme in 
 power; chief. — n. A su- 
 preme ruler ; monarch. 
 Sov'er-eign-ty (sov/cr-in- or 
 sQv'er-iu-), 11. Exercise of 
 supreme power. 
 Sow (sou), n. A female swine. 
 Sow (so), V. t. [imp. SOWED : 
 
 p. p. SOWED, SOWN.] To 
 scatter as seed for growth; 
 to plant ; to spread. 
 S6wn,p p. of Soiv. [fish. 
 Soy, n. A kind of sauce for 
 Spa, n. A spring of mineral 
 water. [distance. 
 Spage, n. Room ; extension ; 
 Spa'cioiis, a. Large in ex- 
 tent ; ample ; capacious. 
 Spade, n. An instrument for 
 digging ]{pl.) a suit of cards. 
 Span, n. A hand's breadth, 
 with the fingers extended or 
 encompassing the object ; 9 
 inches. — v. (7 ) To measure 
 with the fingers extended. 
 Span'gle, n. A small plate 
 orl)oss of metal. — v. t. To 
 set with spangles. 
 Span'iard, n. A native of 
 Spain. 
 
 Span'iel (span/yel), n. A 
 
 variety of sporting dog. 
 Span'ish, a. Pertaining to 
 Spain. — n. The language 
 of Spain. 
 Spank, V. t. To strike with 
 
 the open hand ; to slap. 
 Spank'er, n. A small coin ; 
 
 after-sail of a ship or bark. 
 Spar, n. A mineral; a long 
 round beam, as a yard or 
 boom. — v.i. To fight, as 
 a pugilist. [of a vessel. 
 
 Spar'-deck, n. Upper deck 
 Spare, a. Scanty ; parsi- 
 monious ; lean ; thin. — v. t. 
 To use frugally ; to do with- 
 out ; to forbear to punish. 
 Spare'-rib, n. Ribs of pork 
 with little flesh on them. 
 
 Sp^r'ing, a. Scarce ; scanty •, 
 
 saving ; chary. 
 Spark, 71. A particle of fire; 
 a gay man ; a lover ; a gal- 
 lant. 
 
 Spark 'le, n. A small spark, 
 or particle of fire. — v. i. To 
 emit sparks. 
 Sp^r'row, n. One of ceveral 
 
 species of small birds. 
 Spar'ry, a. Re?embling spar. 
 Sparse, a. Thinly scattered 
 
 or dispersed. 
 Sparse'ly, adv. Thinly. 
 Spar'tan, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Sparta ; brave ; hardy. 
 Spasm, n. Involuntary con- 
 traction of muscles ; cramp. 
 Spas-m6d'i-c, a. Consisting 
 
 in1«pasm ; convul?ive. 
 Spat'ter, v. t. To sprinkle 
 with a liquid, or with mud. 
 Sp5-t'u-la, w. An apotliecary's 
 
 broad knife for plasters. 
 Sp5,v'in, n. A tumor on or 
 near one of the joints of a 
 horse's leg. 
 Spawn, n. Eggs of frogs and 
 fishes, — V. i. or t. To de- 
 posit, as spawn. 
 Spay, V. t. To cut out the 
 ovaries of, as of a female 
 beast. 
 
 Speak, V. [imp. spoke [ohs. 
 
 SPAKE) ; p. p SPOKE, 
 
 SPOKEX.] To utter words ; 
 to talk ; to discourse, 
 Speak'er, n . One who speaks ; 
 the presiding officer in a de- 
 liberative assembly. 
 Spear, n. A long, pointed 
 weapon of war. — v. t. To 
 pierce with a spear. 
 Spear'man (21), n. One 
 
 armed with a spear. 
 Spear'mint, 71. A plant. 
 Spe'cial (spesh^al), a. Pecu- 
 liar ; appropriate ; specific ; ■ 
 particular. 
 Spe'cial-ly (spesh-'al-), adv. 
 
 Particularly ; specifically. 
 Sp6'cial-ty (spesh^al-), n. A 
 special contract, or the evi- 
 dence of a debt under seal ; 
 a special object of attention. 
 Spe'cie (spe^shy), Coined 
 
 or hard money. 
 Spe'cies (sp5/shSz ; colloq. 
 
 south. I with little flesh on them. Spe'cies (sp5/shSz ; colloq. >T| 
 
 eon, or, do, wglf, toD, tdbk; <lm, rjje, pull ; 9, ^1 soft; -e, g, hard; ; exist ; q as ng : this. 
 
SPECIFIC 
 
 250 
 
 SPIRIT 
 
 sp j^shiz), n. Sort ; kind ; a 
 class subordinate to a genus. 
 
 Spe-gif'i-e, a. Distinguishing 
 one from another ; compre- 
 hended under a kind; pe- 
 culiar. — 71. An infallible 
 remedy. 
 
 Spe-Qif'i-e-al-ly, adv. Def- 
 initely; particularly. 
 
 SpsQ'i-fi-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 specifying ; particular men- 
 tion ; thing specified ; a \vrit- 
 ten and detailed statement. 
 
 Speg'i-fy, tJ. t. To mention, 
 as a particular thing. 
 
 Speg'i-men, n. A sample; 
 a pattern ; a model. 
 
 Spe'cioiis, a. Apparently 
 right ; appearing well at 
 first sight. [appearance. 
 
 Sps'cious-ly, adv. With Mr 
 
 Speck, n. A stain ; a small 
 discolored place. — v. t. To 
 spot ; to stain. 
 
 Splck'le, n. A small speck. 
 — v.t. To mark with small 
 specks, or spots. 
 
 Speck'led, a. Variegated 
 with small spots. 
 
 Sp3€'ta-ele, n. A show ; 
 sight; exhibition ; (/)^.) glass- 
 es to assist the sight. 
 
 Spe€-ta€'u-lar, a. Pertain- 
 ing to shows, [a beholder. 
 
 SpS€-ta'tor, n. A looker-on ; 
 
 SpS-e'ter ) (29), n. An appari- 
 
 Spee'tre ) tion ; a ghost. 
 
 Spe^'tral, a. Pertaining to 
 a specter ; ghostly. 
 
 Sp3€'trum, n. Rays of light 
 separated by a prism or by 
 other means. 
 
 Spe-e'u-lar, a. Like a mirror. 
 
 Sp3-c'u-late, V. i. To medi- 
 tate ; to buy in expectation 
 of a rise in price. 
 
 Spse'u-la'tion, n. Mental 
 view; act of speculating. 
 
 Spe-c'u-la-tive, a. Given to 
 speculation ; theoretical. 
 
 Sp5€'u-la'tor, n. One who 
 speculates. 
 
 SpS-e'u-lum, n. A glass that 
 rcllects images ; a mirror. 
 
 Spad, imp. & p. p. of Speed. 
 
 Speech, n. I'ovvcr of speak- 
 ing ; that which is spoken ; 
 language ; discourse. 
 
 a, 5, T, o, n, y, Ions ; li, e, i, o, il 
 
 Speech 'less, a. Not speaking 
 or not able to speak ; dumb ; 
 mute ; silent. 
 
 Speed, V. i. [imp. & p. p. 
 SPED.] To make haste ; to 
 hasten ; to fare. — n. Haste ; 
 dispatch ; celerity. 
 
 Speed'i-ly, adv. Quickly ; 
 hastily. [swift. 
 
 Speed'y, a. Quick ; hasty ; 
 
 Spell (1), n. A charm ; turn 
 at work ; a short time. — 
 V. t. or i. [imp. & ]j. p. 
 SPELLED, SPELT.] To 
 name or v/rite in order the 
 proper letters of a word ; to 
 take a turn at work. 
 
 Spell'er, n. One who spells ; 
 a spelling-book. 
 
 Spelt, n. A species of grain. 
 
 SpePter,?i. Zinc. [jacket. 
 
 SpSn'Qer, n. A short over- 
 Spend, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SPENT.] To consume ; to 
 waste ; to exhaust ; to wear 
 away ; to expend. 
 
 Spend'thrift, w. A prodigal. 
 
 Sperm, n. Animal seed ; 
 spermaceti ; spawn of fishes. 
 
 Sper^ma-ge'ti, n. A hard, fat- 
 ty matter obtained from tlie 
 head of whales. 
 
 Spew, V. To vomit ; to eject. 
 
 Sphere, n. A globe ; orb ; 
 circuit ; province. — v. t. To 
 place in a sphere. 
 
 Spher'i€, \ a. Having the 
 
 Spher'i-e-al, I form of a 
 sphere ; globular ; round. 
 
 Sphe-ric'i-ty, n. Rotundity. 
 
 Sph8r'i€3, 71. sing. Doctrine 
 of the sphere ; spherical ge- 
 ometry and trigonometry. 
 
 Sphe'roid, n. A body nearly 
 spherical. [a spheroid. 
 
 Sphe-roid'al, a. Formed like 
 
 Spher'ule (sfer/ool), n. A 
 little sphere. 
 
 Sphmx (18), A fobulous 
 monster having the winged 
 body of a lion and the face 
 and breast of a maiden. 
 
 SpiQe, n. An aromatic vege- 
 table substance. — v. t. To 
 season with spice, [points. 
 
 Spi-e'u-lar, a. Having sharp 
 
 Spi'QY (13), a. Pertaining to, 
 or like, spice ; aromatic. 
 
 Spi'der, n. An animal, resem- 
 bling an insect, that spins 
 webs for catching its prey. 
 
 Spig'ot, 71. A peg to stop a 
 hole in a cask. 
 
 Spike, 71. An ear of corn or 
 something resembling it ; a 
 large nail. — v. t. To fasten 
 with a spike. 
 
 Spike'nard (spik^-), n. An 
 aromatic plant and an oil 
 from it. 
 
 Spik'y, a. Having a sharp 
 point or points. 
 
 Spile, 71. A small peg or wood- 
 en pin to stop a hole. 
 
 Spill, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SPILLED, SPILT.] To shed 
 or suffer to be shed. — v. i. 
 To be lost by shedding. 
 
 Spin, V. t. or i. [i7np. & p. p. 
 SPUN.] To draw out and 
 twist into threads ; to pro- 
 tract ; to twirl. 
 
 Spm'ach ) (spin/ej), n. A 
 
 Spm'age j garden plant. 
 
 Spi'nal, a. Belonging to the 
 spine, or backbone. 
 
 Spm'dle, 71. A pin to form 
 thread on in spinning, or 
 something like this, — v.i. 
 To become thin or tall. 
 
 Spine, 71. The backbone ; a 
 thorn ; a sharp process. 
 
 Spi'nel, or Spi-nel', «. A 
 mineral of great hardness. 
 
 Spm'et, or Spi-net', n. A 
 musical instrument now su- 
 perseded by the piano-forte. 
 
 Spi-n6s'i-ty, n. State of being 
 spiny or thorny. 
 
 Spi'nous, I a. Full of spines ; 
 
 Spi'ny, I thorny. 
 
 Spin'ster, w. A woman who 
 spins ; an unmarried woman. 
 
 Spir'a-ele (or spFra-kl), n. A 
 breathing-hole. [screw. 
 
 Spi'ral, a. Winding like a 
 
 Spire, n. A winding like a 
 screw ; a twist ; a steeple ; a 
 shoot. — V. i. To shoot up 
 pyramidically ; to sprout. 
 
 Spir'it, 71. Breath ; life ,• im- 
 material and immortal part 
 of man ; soul ; a ghost ; ex- 
 citement ; vigor ; distilled 
 liquor. — v. t. To animate ; 
 to excite ; to kidnap. 
 
 , y , short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, teinn ; pYqne, iTrm ; 
 
SPIRITED 
 
 251 
 
 SPRING 
 
 Spir'it-ed, a. Full of spirit or 
 lile. [it. 
 
 Spir'it-less, a. Without spir- 
 
 Spir'it-u-al, a. Pertaining; to 
 tiie spirit ; incorporeal ; 
 mental ; holy ; ecclesiastical. 
 
 Spir^it-u-al'i-ty, n. State of 
 being spiritual ; spiritual 
 nature; pure devotion. 
 
 Spir'it-u-al-ize (31), v. t. To 
 make spiritual. 
 
 Spir'it-u-al-ly, adv. Divinel}'. 
 
 Spir'it-u-ous, a. Consisting 
 of refined spirit ; ardent. 
 
 Spirt, V. & n. See Spurt. 
 
 SpTr'y, a. Of a spiral form, 
 or of the form of a pyramid. 
 
 Spis'si-tude, n. Thickness of 
 soft substances. 
 
 Spit, n. An iron prong to 
 roast meat on ; a point of 
 land running into the sea ; 
 saliva; spittle. — v. t. To 
 put on a spit; to pierce. — 
 V. t. or i. [iWnp. & p. p. 
 SPIT.] To eject spittle. 
 
 Spite, n. Rancorous ill-will. 
 — Syn. Malice; malignity; 
 malevolence. — v. t. To be 
 angry at ; to thwart ', to in- 
 jure maliciously, [lignant. 
 
 Spite'ful, a. jMalicious ; ma- 
 
 Spit'tle, n. Moisture of th(; 
 moutli ; saliva. [spit in. 
 
 Spit-toon', n. A vessel to 
 
 Spl3,3h, v. t. To dash with 
 water or mud. — n. Water 
 or mud throvv^n on any 
 thing. [the sole flattened. 
 
 Splay '-fobbed, a. Having 
 
 Spleen, n. The milt, a glan- 
 dular organ to the left of 
 the stomach ; ill-humor. 
 
 Spleen'y,a. Angry ; peevish. 
 
 Splen'dent, a. Shining ; 
 bright. 
 
 SplSn'did, a. Bright ; showy ; 
 
 magnificent. [show. 
 Splen'did-ly, adv. With great 
 Splen'dor, n. Great bright- 
 ness ; magnificence ; pomp. 
 SplSn'e-ti-e, a. Full of spleen, 
 Splige, V. t. To unite, as two 
 ends of a rope. — n. Union 
 of ropes by intervreaviug 
 Splint, ) n. A thin piece 
 Splint'er, j of wood used to 
 protect a broken bone. 
 
 Splint, f. t. To confine with 
 splints, as a broken limb. 
 
 Splint'er, v. t. To split into 
 long, thin pieces ; to secure 
 by splints. 
 
 Split, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SPLIT.] To divide length- 
 wise ; to cleave ; to rive. 
 
 Splut'ter,n. liustle ; stir. 
 
 Spoil (8), V. t. To rob ; to 
 strip by violence; to ruin. 
 
 — V. I. To decay. — n. Plun- 
 der ; booty ; pillage. 
 
 Spoke, imp. of Speak. — n. 
 lid,y or bar of a wheel ; 
 round of a ladder. [Speak. 
 
 Spo'ken (spo'kn), p. p. of 
 
 Spokes'man (21), n. One who | 
 speaks for others. , 
 
 Spo''li-a'tion, n. Act of \ 
 plundering. [a spondee. 
 
 Spon-da'i-e, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Spon'dee (IS), n. A poetic 
 foot of two long S3'llables. 
 
 Sponge (spunj), «. A porous 
 marine substance, used for 
 various purposes ; dough 
 raised but not kneaded. — 
 V. t. To wipe out with a 
 sponge. — V. i. To live by i 
 mean arts, or by hanging on. i 
 
 Spongier (spunj^er), n. ^ One \ 
 who sponges ; a parasite. 
 
 Spong'i-ness, n. Quahty of 
 being spongy. 
 
 Spong'y, a. Porous; soft. 
 
 Spon'sal,a. Relating to mar- 
 riage, or to a spouse. 
 
 Sp5n'sion, n. Act of becom- 
 ing surety for another. 
 
 Spon'sor, n. A surety ; a 
 godf itlier or godmother. 
 
 Spdn^ta-ne'i-ty, n. Quality 
 of acting freely without re- 
 straint ; voluntary action. 
 
 Spon-ta'ne-ous, a. Tolun- 
 tary ; willing ; not com- 
 pelled, [half pike. 
 
 Spon-tdbn', n. A kind of 
 
 Spool, n. A kind of hollow 
 cylinder to wind thread on. 
 
 — V. t. To wind on spools. 
 Spoon, n. A small utensil 
 
 used in eating liquids. 
 Spdbn'bill, n. A wading bird, 
 
 with a spoon-shaped bill. 
 Spoonsful (26), n. As much 
 
 as a spoon can hold. 
 
 Spo-rad'i-c, a. Separate; 
 single. 
 
 Sport, n. Play ; mirth ; frol- 
 ic ; inock. — v. i. To play ; 
 to make merry. 
 
 Sp5rt'ful, a. Merry ; frolic- 
 some ; mirthful. 
 
 Sport'ive, a. Merry ; gay; 
 playful ; frolicsome. 
 
 Sports'man (21), n. One fond 
 of field sports. 
 
 Spot, n. A stain ; a blemish ; 
 any particular place. — v. t. 
 To mark ; to stain ; to tar- 
 nish ; to disgrace. 
 
 Spot'less, a. Free from spots ; 
 pure ; blameless. [spots. 
 
 Spot'ted, a. Marked with 
 
 Spouse, n. A husband or wife. 
 
 Spou§'al, a. Matrimonial. — n. 
 Marriage ; nuptials. 
 
 Spout, n. A projecting mouth 
 of a vessel ; a pipe. — v. t. 
 or i. To throw or issue out 
 of a narrow orifice. 
 
 Sprain , n . Excessive strain- 
 ing of the muscles or liga- 
 ments of a joint. — v. t. To 
 overstrain, as a joint. 
 
 Sprang, imp. of Spring. 
 
 Sprat, n. A small fish allied 
 to the herring. 
 
 Sprawl, r. To lie with the 
 limbs stretched out. 
 
 Spray, n. A twig ; water 
 driven in small drops by the 
 wind. 
 
 Spread, v. i. or t. [imp. & 
 
 p.p. SPREAD.] To extend ; 
 
 to expand ; to dilTuse. — n. 
 
 Extent ; expansion. 
 Spree, n. A merry frolic ; a 
 
 drinking frohc ; a carousal. 
 Sprig, A small shoot or 
 
 branch; twig. — v. t. To 
 
 work with sprigs. 
 Spright ( sprit ) , « . A spirit ; an 
 
 apparition. [brisk ; lively. 
 Spright'ful (sprit'ful), a. Gay; 
 Spright'li-ness (sprit/-), n. 
 
 Briskness ; liveliness ; gay- 
 
 ety ; vivacity. 
 Sprlght'ly (sprTt^Iy), n. 
 
 Brisk ; lively ; active ; vig- 
 " orous ; vivacious. 
 Spring, V. i. [imp. spran(3-, 
 
 SPRUNG- ; p. p. SPRUNG.] 
 
 To leap ; to bound ; to issue 
 
 s6n, or, dp, "wclf, tcTo, to"ok ; Urn, rije, pi^ill ; 9, g, soft ; g, hard; ; exist ; q as n:;* ; tills. 
 
SPRINGE 
 
 252 
 
 STAGE-COACH 
 
 with force ; to arise ; to 
 start ; to begin. — v. t. To 
 fire, as a mine ; to crack, as 
 a mast. — n. A leap ; elastic 
 force ; season of the year 
 •when plants begin to grow ; 
 a fountain ; a source. 
 
 Springe (spriuj, 11), n. A 
 snare. — v. t. To ensnare. 
 
 Sprmg'-halt, ) n. A lameness 
 
 String'-halt, ) in which a 
 horse suddenly twitches up 
 his legs. 
 
 Sprmg'i-ness, n. Elasticity. 
 
 Spring'- tide, n. A higli tide 
 at the new and full moon. 
 
 Sprmg'y, a. Containing 
 springs ; elastic ; spongy. 
 
 Sprmk'le, v. To scatter or fall 
 in small drops or particles. 
 
 Sprink'ling, n. Act of scat- 
 terfng in small particles. 
 
 Sprit, n. A pole placed diag- 
 onally to extend a sail. 
 
 Sprite, 71. A spirit ; a ghost. 
 
 Sprout, V. i. To shoot ; to 
 bud. — n. Shoot of a plant. 
 
 Spruge, a. Neat, without 
 elegance. — n. A cone-bear- 
 ing evergreen tree. — v. To 
 dress with affected neatness. 
 
 SpruQe'ly, adv. With affected 
 neatness. [trimness. 
 
 SpruQe'ness, n. Neatness ; 
 
 Sprting, imp. & p. p. of 
 Spring. 
 
 Spry (13), a. Nimble; brisk. 
 
 Spume, w. Froth ; scum. 
 
 Spum'ous, ) a. Consisting of 
 
 Spum'y, / froth or scum. 
 
 Spun, imp. of Spi7i. 
 
 Spunk, n. Dry, rotten wood ; 
 resolute spirit. 
 
 Spur, n. An instrument with 
 sharp points, worn on the 
 heel as a goad by horsemen ; 
 incitement. — v. t. To prick; 
 to incite ; to goad. 
 
 Spiirge, n. A plant, having 
 an acrid, milky juice. 
 
 Spu'ri-ous, a. Not genuine ; 
 false ; counterfeit. 
 
 Spu'ri-ous-ly, adv. Falsely. 
 
 Spiirn, V. t. To kick ; to re- 
 ject with di?d;nn. 
 
 Spurred, a. Wearing or hav- 
 ing spurs. [spurs. 
 
 Spur'ri-er, n. One who makes 
 
 Spftrt, V. t. To throw out in 
 
 a stream. — n. A small, 
 
 quick stream ; a jet. 
 Sput'ter (8), v. i. To throw 
 
 spittle ; to talk indistinctly. 
 Spy, 71. One who constantly 
 
 watches the conduct of 
 
 others. — v. t. To discover ; 
 
 to inspect secretly, [scope. 
 Spy '-glass, 71. A small tele- 
 Squab, a. Unfeathered ; 
 
 short and stout. — n. A 
 
 young pigeon ; a person of a 
 
 short, fat figure. 
 Squab'ble, v. i. To wrangle ; 
 
 to scuffle. — 71. A wrangle. 
 Squad (skwod), n. A company 
 
 or "small party. 
 Squad'ron, Part of a fleet ; 
 
 a body of cavalry troops. 
 Squal'id (skwol^id), a. Dirty 
 
 through neglect ; foul ; 
 
 filthy. 
 
 Squall, 71. A sudden and 
 
 violent gust of wind ; a loud 
 
 scream.— r. I. To scream 
 
 violently, as a child. 
 Squall'y (9), a. Subject to 
 
 squalls. 
 Squa'lor, n. Filthiness. 
 Squan'der (skwon^der), v. t. 
 
 To'spend lavishly ; to waste. 
 Square, a. Having four equal 
 
 sides and four right angles ; 
 
 true ; just ; fair. 
 
 — 71. A figure of 
 four equal sides 
 and equal angles ; 
 an open space in 
 a town ; an area Square, 
 of four sides, with houses on 
 each ; a carpenter's instru- 
 ment. — V. t. To make 
 square or equal ; to multiply 
 by itself. — v. i. To accord 
 exactly ; to suit ; to agree. 
 
 Squash'{skwosh), n. A plant. 
 
 — V. t. To beat or press into 
 pulp ; to crush. 
 
 Squat, V. i. To sit on the 
 hains and heels. — ti. Pos- 
 ture of sitting on the hams. 
 
 — a. Cowering ; short and 
 thick. 
 
 Squat'ter, 7i. One who settles 
 
 on new land without title. 
 Squav/,n. An Indian woman. 
 Squeak, v. i. To utter a 
 
 short, sharp, shrill sound. — 
 71. A short, 5-hrill sound. 
 
 Squeal, v. i. To cry with a 
 shrill sound. — n. A shrilly 
 sharp, prolonged cry. 
 
 Squeam'ish, a. Nice ; fas- 
 tidious ; dainty. 
 
 Squeeze, v. t.cv i. To press 
 close ; to crowd. — «. Close 
 compression ; pressure. 
 
 Squib, n. A kind of firew ork ; 
 a petty lampoon. 
 
 Squill (1), n. A plant with a 
 root having emetic proper- 
 ties ; a kind of shell-fish ; 
 an insect. [ly. 
 
 Squint, t'. i. To look obliqupr 
 
 Squint'-eyed,a. Having eyes 
 that squint ; oblique. 
 
 Squire, «. Same as Esquire. 
 — V. t. To wait on ; to at- 
 tend as a squire or a gallant. 
 
 Squirm, v. i. To twist and 
 struggle. 
 
 Squir'rel (skwir'rel or 
 skwur'rel), 7i. A small ac- 
 tive animal with a bushy 
 tail. 
 
 Squirt, v. t. To eject from a 
 pipe or in a stream. — 7i. A 
 pipe for ejecting liquids. 
 
 Stab, 'y. t. To pierce with a 
 pointed weapon. — n. A 
 wound with a pointed weap- 
 on, [steadiness. 
 
 Sta-bil'i-ty, n. Firmness ; 
 
 Sta'ble, a. Fixed ; durable ; 
 steady. — n. A house for 
 beasts. [eral. 
 
 Sta'bling, ti. Stables in gen- 
 Stack (5), 71. A large pile of 
 hay, grain, wood, &c. — v. 
 t. To pile in stacks. 
 
 Stad'dle, n. A support for a 
 stack of hay, &c. ; a small 
 tree of any kind. 
 
 Staff (1, 20), n. A stick for 
 support ; the five lines and 
 spaces on which music is 
 written ; a stanza ; certain 
 officers attached to an army. 
 
 Stag, n. Male of the red- 
 deer ; a hart. 
 
 Stage, 71. A raised floor or 
 platform ; the theater ; a de- 
 gree of advance. 
 
 Stage'-coach, ti. A public 
 traveling carriage. 
 
 a, e,T, o, u,y, long; a,e, i, 6, n, J', short; cure, cur, ask, all, what ; ere, v^'il, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
STAGE-PLAY 
 
 253 
 
 STATIONERY 
 
 Stage'-play, n. A theatrical 
 
 entertainment; a drama. 
 Stage'-play^er, n. An actor 
 
 of plays on the stage. 
 Stag'ger, v. i. To reel in 
 
 walking ; to vacillate. 
 St3.g'nan-Qy, n. State of 
 
 being stagnant. 
 Stag'nant, a. Not flowing ; 
 
 motionless ; still. 
 St3.g'nate, v. i. To become 
 
 stagnant : to cease to flow. 
 Stag-na'tion, n. Absence of 
 
 motion ; dullness. 
 Staid, imp. & j). p. of Stay. 
 
 — a. Steady; grave; sober. 
 Stain', V, t. To discolor ; to ; 
 
 color ; to tarnish ; to dis- 
 grace. — n. A blot ; spot ; 
 taint ; disgrace. 
 
 Stain'less, a. Free from 
 stains ; spotless. [ing. 
 
 Stair, n. A step for ascend- 
 
 Stair'-«ase, n. Framework 
 of a flight of stairs. 
 
 Stake, n. A sharpened stick of 
 wood ; martyrdom ; wager ; 
 pledge. — V. t. To defend 
 with stakes ; to wager ; to 
 pledge. 
 
 StaFa€-tit'i€, a. Relating to, 
 
 or resembling, a stalactite. 
 Sta-la€'tite, n. A mineral in 
 
 form of an icicle. 
 Sta-lag'mite, n . A deposit of 
 
 calcareous matter on the 
 
 floor of a cavern. 
 Stale, a. Vapid and tasteless. 
 
 — n. A decoy ; a long han- 
 dle ; urine, especially that 
 of beasts. — v. i. To dis- 
 charge urine. 
 
 Stalk (stawk), n. Stem of a 
 plant. — V. i. To strut. 
 
 Stall, n. A stand for a beast ; 
 a bench. — v. t. To keep in 
 a stall ; to invest. 
 
 Stall'-fSd, a. Fattened in a 
 stable, or on dry fodder. 
 
 StalPion (stal/yun), n. A 
 horse for raising stock. 
 
 Stal'wart, a. Brave ; bold ; 
 strong ; powerful. 
 
 Sta'men, n. {pi. Sta'inen§, 
 Stam'i-na, 25.) Founda- 
 tion ; support ; male organ 
 of a flower. 
 
 St3,m'mer, v. i. To pro- 
 
 nounce with hesitation or 
 imperfectly. 
 
 Stamp, V. t. To strike doAvn- 
 ward with the foot ; to im- 
 press with some mark ; to 
 coin money. — n. An in- 
 strument for making an im- 
 pression ; mark impressed ; 
 a print ; character ; make. 
 
 Stam-pede', n. A sudden 
 fright and running away of 
 cattle, horses, &c. 
 
 Stanch, v. To stop, as flowing 
 blood. — a. Firm ; sound ; 
 strong; constant and zeal- 
 ous, [prop or support. 
 
 Stan'ghion (strm'shun), n. A 
 
 Stand, V. i. ort. [imp. & p.p. 
 STOOD.] To be on the feet ; 
 to stop ; to remain : to per- 
 sist ; to be steady or firm ; 
 to endure. — n. Stop ; halt ; 
 station ; small table. 
 
 Stand'ard, w. An ensign ; a 
 banner; test. — a. Having 
 a fixed or permanent value. 
 
 Stand'ing, n. Continuance ; 
 rank ; reputation. 
 
 Stand'ish (17), n. A case for 
 holding pens and ink. 
 
 Stan'za (18), n. Lines com- 
 bined together in poetry. 
 
 Sta'ple, n. A loop of iron ; 
 mart for goods ; the pile or 
 thread of wool, cotton, &c. ; 
 principal production. — a. 
 Chief; principal. 
 
 Star, n. A luminous body in 
 the heavens ; the mark *, 
 used in printing. — v. t. To 
 set or adorn with stars. 
 
 Star 'board, n. Right-hand 
 side of a ship or boat to one 
 looking forward. 
 
 Starch, n. A granular sub- 
 stance used for stiffening 
 cloth. — a. Stiff ; precise. — 
 V. t. To stiffen with starch. 
 
 Starch'y, a. Stiff; precise. 
 
 Stare, v. i. To look with fixed 
 eyes wide open. — n. An 
 eager, fixed look. 
 
 Star'-fish, n. A marine ani- 
 mal in the form of a five- 
 rayed star. 
 
 Stark, a. Stiff ; strong ; mere ; 
 downright. — adv. \Yholly ; 
 entirely. 
 
 Star'less, a. Having no stars 
 visible. 
 
 Star'iight (-lit), n. Light 
 from the stars, [pean bird. 
 
 Star'iing, n. A small Euro- 
 
 Star'ry, a. Relating to, or 
 adorned with, stars ; stellar. 
 
 Start, V. To move suddenly; 
 to commence ; to alarm ; to 
 arouse. — n. Sudden mo- 
 tion ; act of commencing. 
 
 Start'le, v. t. To alarm sud- 
 denly. — V. i. To shrink; 
 to move suddenly, [prising. 
 
 Start'ling, a. Suddenly sur- 
 
 Starve,^'. To kill or to perish 
 with hunger or with cold. 
 
 Starve'ling, n. One who, or 
 that which, is lean. — a. 
 Pining with want. 
 
 State, »i. Condition; pomp; 
 a community of a particular 
 character ; a body politic ; 
 civil power. — v. t. To ex- 
 press in words. 
 
 Sta'ted, a. Settled ; regular ; 
 established ; fixed. 
 
 Sta'ted-ly, a*^/i\ At appointed 
 or regular times. 
 
 State'li-ness, n. Grandeur. 
 
 State 'ly, a. August; majesv, 
 tic ; dignified ; grand. 
 
 State'ment, n. Account of 
 particulars ; a recital. 
 
 State'-robm, n. An apart- 
 ment for lodging in a vessel. 
 
 States'man (21), n. One who 
 is skilled in the art of gov- 
 ernment. 
 
 States'man-ship,n. Qualifi- 
 cations or employments of a 
 statesman. 
 
 Stat'i-e, ) a. Pertaining to 
 
 Stat'i-e-al, ) bodies at rest. 
 
 Stat'i€S, n. sing. Science 
 which treats of bodies at 
 rest, or in equilibrium. * 
 
 Sta'tion, n. A fixed place; 
 situation; position ; post as- ^ 
 signed ; office ; rank ; a rail- 
 road stopping-place. — v. t. , 
 To fix in a certain place ; to 
 place : to set. 
 
 Sta'tion-a-ry, a. Fixed in a 
 place; stable; settled. i 
 
 Sta'tion-er, n. One who sells ] 
 paper, pens, ink, &c. 
 
 Sta'tion-er-y, n. Articles 
 
 son, or, dQ, wglf, too, tdbk ; fim, rije, pull ; ^, soft; €, g, hard; a^ ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
STATISTIC 
 
 254 
 
 STICKINESS 
 
 sold by a stationer, as pa- 
 per, pens, ink, &c. 
 
 Sta-tist'i-e, i a. Pertaining 
 
 Sta-tist'i-c-al, 1 to statistics. 
 
 StSi-tisVi-es, n . sing. Si pi. A 
 collection of facts, or the 
 science of collecting facts, 
 respecting the civil condi- 
 tion of a people. 
 
 Stat'u-a-ry,w. Art of carving 
 statues ; a sculptor. 
 
 Stat'ue, n. An image carved 
 from some solid substance. 
 
 Stat'ure, n. The natural 
 height of an animal. 
 
 Stat'u-ta-ble, a. Made by, or 
 conformable to, statute. 
 
 Stat'ute, n. A law enacted by 
 a legislature. [by statute. 
 
 Stat'u-to-ry, a. Established 
 
 Staunch, a. At?. See Stanch. 
 
 Stave, n. A thin, narrow 
 piece of wood for casks. — 
 V. t. [bnp. & p. p. STOVE, 
 or STAVED.] To break or 
 burst ; to push or drive ; to 
 delay forcibly. 
 
 Stay, V. i. [imp. staid or 
 STAYED, 14.] To continue 
 in a place ; to wait ; to tai'- 
 ry. — V. t. To support; to 
 prop up. — n. Continuance ; 
 a prop; any support ; [jd.) 
 a bodice ; a corse t._ 
 
 Stead, w. Place ; room ; turn. 
 
 Stead'fast, a. Firm ; con- 
 stant ; resolute. 
 
 Stead'fast-ness,n. Firmness 
 of mind or conduct. 
 
 Stead'i-ly, adv. With firm- 
 ness or constancy. 
 
 Stead'i-ness, n. Constancy. 
 
 Stead'y,a. Firm; constant; 
 uniform. — v. t. To hold or 
 keep firm ; to support. 
 
 Steak, n. A slice of meat, 
 broiled or cut for broiling. 
 
 Steal, V. [imp. stole ; p. p. 
 
 STOLE, STOLEN.] To take 
 goods privately and unlaw- 
 fully ; to pilfer ; to purloin. 
 
 Stealth, n. Act of steahng; 
 secret act. [secret ; sly. 
 
 Stealth'y , a. Done by steal th ; 
 
 Steam, n. The vapor of boil- 
 ing water ; any exhalation. 
 — V. i. To rise in vapor. — 
 V. t. To expose to steam. 
 
 Steam'boat, ) n. A vessel pro- 
 
 Steam'er, j polled through 
 the \vater by steam. 
 
 Steam'-Sn^gme, n. An en- 
 gine worked by steam. 
 
 Ste'a-tite, n. Soapstone. 
 
 Steed, n. A spirited horse. 
 
 Steel, n. Ixon combined with 
 a small portion of carbon. — 
 V. t. To overlay, point, or 
 fedge with steel ; to harden. 
 
 SteePyard, n. A kind of 
 baJance for weighing. 
 
 Steep, a. Greatly inclined ; 
 precipitous. — n. A pre- 
 cipitous place. — V. t. To 
 soak in a liquid. 
 
 Stee'ple. n. Spire of a church. 
 
 Steep'ness, n. State of being 
 steep; precipitous dechvity. 
 
 Steer, n. A young ox. — v. t. 
 or i. To direct ; to guide. 
 
 Steer'age, n. Act of steer- 
 ing ; an apartment in the 
 forepart of a ship between 
 decks. [steers a ship. 
 
 Steers'man (21), n. One who 
 
 Stel'lar, a. llelating to stars. 
 
 StePlate, a. Like a star ; ra- 
 diated. 
 
 Stem, n. Main body of a tree 
 or plant ; stock of a family ; 
 prow of a ship. — v. t. To 
 oppose, as a current. 
 
 Stench, n. Oifensive smell. 
 
 Sten'gil, n. An open-work 
 pattern over which colors 
 are passed by a brush. 
 
 Stcn/o-graph'i€,a. Express- 
 ing in short-hand. 
 
 Ste-nog'ra-pher, n. One who 
 writes in short-hand. 
 
 Ste-n6s'ra-phy, n. The art 
 of writing in short-hand. 
 
 Sten-to'ri-an, a. Very loud. 
 
 Step, V. i. To move with the 
 feet. — V. t. To set; to fix; 
 to erect a mast. — n. A 
 pace ; gait ; degree. 
 
 Step'-chlld, n. A child by 
 marriage only. [marriage. 
 
 Step'-f aether, n. A fither by 
 
 Steppe (18), n. A vast uncul- 
 tivated plain in Asia and 
 eastern Europe. 
 
 Step'ping-stone, n. A stone 
 to raise the foot above mud 
 or water, in walking. 
 
 Step'-s6n, n. A son by mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Ste're-o-s-e6pe,n. An optical 
 instrument to give to pict- 
 ures the appearance of solid 
 forms, as seen in nature. 
 
 Ste're-o-s-e6p'i€,a. Pertain- 
 ing or adapted to the stereo- 
 scope, or seen through it. 
 
 Ste're-o-type, n. A plate of 
 type-metal resembUng tho 
 surface of a page of type.— 
 V. t. To make stereotype 
 plates for. 
 
 Ste're-o-typ''er, n. One who 
 makes stereotypes. [fui. 
 
 Ster'ile, a. Barren ; unfruit- 
 
 Ste-riPi-ty, n. Quality or 
 state of being barren ; un- 
 fruitfulness. 
 
 Ster'ling, Of the standard 
 weight ; genuine. 
 
 Stern, n. Hinder part of a 
 ship. — a. Severe in look ; 
 harsh ; rigid ; austere. 
 
 Stern'-chase, n. A gun to 
 fire from the stern. 
 
 Stern'ly, adv. Harshly ; se- 
 verely ; austerely. 
 
 Stern'ness, n. Harshness. 
 
 Ster'nu-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 sneezing. 
 
 Ster-nu'ta-to-ry. n. A sub- 
 stance which provokes 
 sneezing. 
 
 Ster'to-roiis, a. Breathing 
 heavily or hoarsely ; snoring. 
 
 Steth'o-s-eope, n. An in- 
 strument to distinguish 
 sounds in the human chest. 
 
 Ste've-dore, n. One whose 
 business is to load or unload 
 vessels in port. 
 
 Stew (stu), V. t. or ?. To 
 seethe ; to boil slowly. — n. 
 Meat stewed ; a brothel ; a 
 state of worry ; contusion. 
 
 Stew'ard, n. A man who 
 manages the 'affairs of an- 
 other, [a steward. 
 
 Stew'ard-ship, n. Office of 
 
 Stick (5), n. A piece of wood; 
 a stalf. — f. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 STUCK.] To stab ; to pierce ; 
 to fix ; to set ; to stop. — v. i. 
 To adhere; to stop. 
 Stick'i-ness, n. Quality of 
 adhering; adhesiveness. 
 
 a, c, 1, o, u, y, long ; a, e, i, 6, Q, y, short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; Ore, vgil, term ; pVque, 
 
STICKLE 
 
 255 
 
 STOOP 
 
 Stick'le, V. i. To contend. 
 
 Stick'ler, n. One who stickles; 
 an obstinate contender. 
 
 Sttck'y, a. Adhesive; glu- 
 tinous; tenacious. 
 
 Stiff, a. Unbending ; rigid ; 
 inflexible ; stubborn. 
 
 Stiffen (stif/n),!'. t. To make 
 stiff. — V. 7. To grow stiff. 
 
 Stiffly, a^/f. Rigidly ; stub- 
 bornly ; obstinately. 
 
 Stiffness (9), w. Want of pli- 
 ability ; formality. 
 
 Stiff -ngcked (-nekt), a. 
 Stubborn ; obstinate. 
 
 Stffle (sti/fl), V. t. To suf- 
 focate ; to choke ; to sup- 
 press. — n. Joint of a horse. 
 
 Stig'ma, n. ( Stig'ma§ or 
 Stig'ma-ta, 25.) Any mark, 
 of infamy ; a brand ; in bot- 
 any, the top of the pistil. 
 
 Stig'ma-tize, v. t. To mark 
 with infamy. 
 
 StMet'to, n.{pl. Sti-leta6§, 
 18.) A small dagger. 
 
 Still, V. t. To silence; to 
 calm ; to quiet. — a. Silent ; 
 calm; quiet; motionless. — 
 adv. To this time ; never- 
 theless ; notwithstanding, — 
 n. A vessel for distillation. 
 
 Still'-born, a. Born lifeless. 
 
 Still'ness, n. Calmness ; 
 quiet ; silence. 
 
 Stil'ly, rt^/i-. Calmly ; quietly. 
 
 Stilt, n. A contrivance to raise 
 the foot above the ground 
 in walking. 
 
 Stim'u-lant, a. Tending to 
 excite action. — n. A stim- 
 ulating medicine. 
 
 Stim'u-late, v. t. To excite ; 
 to rouse ; to animate. 
 
 Stim/u-la'tion, n. Act of 
 stimulating or exciting. 
 
 Stim'u-la^tive, a. Tending 
 to excite ; stimulating. 
 
 Stim'u-lus, 71. Something 
 that rouses either to mental 
 action or to vital energy. 
 
 Sting, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 STUNG.] To pierce or pain 
 acutely. — n. A sharp- 
 pointed weapon with which 
 some animals are armed ; 
 act of stinging ; any thing 
 that gives acute pain. 
 
 Stm'gi-ly, adv. With mean 
 covetousness. 
 
 Stin'gi-ness, n. Mean covet- 
 ousness ; extreme avarice. 
 
 Stin'gy,a. Meanly covetous. 
 
 StiQk, n. An oiTensive smell. 
 — V. i. To emit an otfensive 
 smell. 
 
 Stint, n. A limit ; restraint ; 
 
 task. — V. t. To limit; to 
 
 confine ; to restrain. 
 Sti'pend, n. Settled pay ; 
 
 wages; salary. 
 Sti-pend'i-a-ry, a. Receiving 
 
 a stipend. — n. One who 
 
 receives a stipend. 
 Stip'ple, V. t. To engrave by 
 
 means of dots. 
 Stip'u-late, v. i. To covenant ; 
 
 to bargain ; to contract. 
 Stip^u-la'tion, n. An agree- 
 ment ; condition ; covenant. 
 Stir, V. To move ; to incite ; 
 
 to agitate ; to prompt. — n. 
 
 Agitation ; bustle. 
 Stir'rup (stur/rup or stTr^- 
 
 rup), n. A kind of ring for 
 
 a horseman's foot. 
 Stitch, V. t. To take stitches 
 
 in ; to join. ~ n. A single 
 
 pass of a needle ; a turn of 
 
 thread in sewing or knitting. 
 Stive, V. t. To make sultry 
 
 and close. 
 Sti'ver, n. A copper coin 
 
 worth about two cents. 
 Stoat, n. The ermine; — so 
 
 called in summer. 
 Stock, n. Uody of a plant ; 
 
 stem ; progenitor of a fami- 
 ly ; race ; lineage ; a handle ; 
 
 a post ; a cravat ; a fund ; 
 
 a store ; cattle. — v. t. To 
 
 furnish or store. 
 Stock-ade', n. A line of 
 
 stakes for a barrier. — v. t. 
 
 To fortify with stakes. 
 StSck'-brd^ker, n. One who 
 
 deals in stocks. 
 St6ck'-fish, n. Cod dried in 
 
 the sun, and not salted. 
 St6ck'h51d-er, n. A propri- 
 etor of public funds, or of 
 
 funds in a bank, &c. 
 Stock'ing, n. A covering for 
 
 the foot and leg. 
 StSck'-job^ber, n . One who 
 
 speculates in stocks. 
 
 Stocks. 
 
 Stocks, n. pi. 
 Public funds; 
 a frame to 
 confine the 
 legs of crimi- 
 
 St6ck'-still,a 
 Motionless. 
 
 St6ck'y, a. Thick and stout. 
 
 St5'i-c (5), n. One who affects 
 insensibility to i)leasure and 
 pain ; an apathetic person. 
 
 Sto'i-c, I a. Unfeeling : in- 
 
 Sto'i€-al, j different to pleas- 
 ure or pain. 
 
 St6'i-gi§m, n. Indifference 
 to pleasui'e and pain. 
 
 Stole, n. A long, loose vest- 
 ment. — v.. 1771 p. of ^t(al. 
 
 Stolen (stoln)./?. p. of Steal. 
 
 Stol'id, a. Hopelessly dull ; 
 stupid ; foolish. 
 
 Sto-lid'i-ty, n. Dullness of 
 intellect; stupidity. 
 
 Stom'a-eh (stum/ak),n. The 
 principal organ of digestion ; 
 appetite : inclination. — v. t. 
 To brook or endure. 
 
 Stom'a-cher (-cher), n. An 
 ornament or support for the 
 breast, worn b} women. 
 
 Sto-ma-eh'i-e, a. Strengthen, 
 ing the stom.ach. — n. A 
 medicine to strengthen the 
 stomach. 
 
 Stone, n. A m.ass of mineral 
 matter ; a concretion in the 
 kidnej s ; a v.eight of 14 
 pounds ; nut of certain 
 kinds of fruit, —v.t. To 
 pelt or kill with stones ; to 
 free from stones. 
 
 Stone'-- euVter, n. One who 
 cuts or hews stones. 
 
 Stone'-fruit, n. Fruit that 
 contains a stone ; a drupe. 
 
 Stcne' -still, a. Motionless 
 as a stone. 
 
 Ston'i-ness (13), n. Quality 
 or state of being stony ; 
 abundance of stones. 
 
 Ston'y, a. Made of stones ; 
 full of stones ; resembling 
 stone ; hard. 
 
 Stobd, i7np. of Stand. 
 
 Stool, n. A seat without a 
 back, for one person. 
 
 Stoop, v.i. To bend forward ; 
 
 B6n, 6r, dQ, W9lf, t(."o, tdbk ; firn, ri]e, pnll ; 9, ^, soft ; €, g, hard; &± ; epst ; 2 as ng ; this. 
 
STOP 
 
 to condescend ; to j- ield. — 
 n. Act of stooping. 
 
 St6p (7), r. To check the 
 motion of; to hinder; to 
 close, as an aperture : to ob- 
 struct ; to suppress. — f. i. 
 To cease to go forward. — n. 
 Cessation of motion; pause; 
 a point in writing. 
 
 Stop'-eock, n. A contriv- 
 ance for letting out or stop- 
 ping a fluid. 
 
 Stop'page, n. Act of stop- 
 ping ; state of being stopped. 
 
 St6p'per, )n. That which is 
 
 St6p'ple, \ used to close a 
 hole in a bottle or other 
 vessel. 
 
 Stor'age (11), n. Price of 
 
 storing. 
 
 Store, n. A large quantity; 
 a warehouse. — v. t. To 
 furnish ; to put away for 
 preservation. 
 
 Store'-house, n. A ware- 
 house ; a magazine. 
 
 Sto'ried, n. Related in story ; 
 having a history. 
 
 Stork, n. A large wading bird. 
 
 Storm, n. A violent disturb- 
 ance of the atmosphere ; a 
 tempest ; commotion ; as- 
 sault. — v.t. To attack by 
 open force ; to assault. 
 
 Storm'y, a. Agitated with 
 furious winds ; boisterous ; 
 ■ tempestuous 
 
 Stoup, n. A basin for holy 
 
 water at the entrance of a 
 
 Catholic church. 
 Sto'ry (19), n. History; a 
 
 narrative ; a tale ; floor or 
 
 stage of a building. 
 Stout, a. Strong ; brave ; 
 
 large; fleshy. [ily. 
 Stout'ly, adv. Strongly ; lust- 
 Stout'ness, n. Quality of 
 
 being stout ; boldness. 
 St5ve, n. An apparatus for 
 
 warming a room or house. 
 
 — v., imp. of Stave. 
 St5w, V. t. To lay up ; to fill, 
 
 by packing closely. 
 Stow'age, n. Act of stowing ; 
 
 room. 
 
 Stra-bis'mus , n. Act or habit 
 
 of looking asquint. 
 Str^d'dle, v. i. or t. To walk 
 
 256 
 
 sit, or stand, with the legs 
 wide apart. 
 Strag'gle, v. i. To wander 
 aside ; to rove. [gles. 
 Strag'gler , n. One who strag- 
 Straight (strat), a. Not 
 crooked ; direct ; upright. — 
 adv. Directly. 
 Straight'en (strat^n), v. t. To 
 
 make straight. 
 Straiglit'for-ward (strat^-), 
 a. Proceeding in a straight 
 course ; upright. 
 Straight'ly (strata-), adv. 
 
 a direct line. 
 Straightaway (strat^-), adv. 
 
 Immediately ; without delay. 
 Strain, v. t. To stretch; to 
 sprain ; to filter, —u. i. To 
 make violent efforts. — n. A 
 sprain ; force ; song. 
 Strain'er, n. An instrument 
 
 for filtering any liquid. 
 Strait, a. Narrow ; close ; dif- 
 ficult. — n. A narrow pass ; 
 distress ; difficulty. 
 Strait'en, v. t. To make nar- 
 row; to distress. 
 Strait'-jack/et, n. An appa- 
 ratus to confine maniacs. 
 StraitaaQed(-irist),a. Bound 
 tightly with stays ; strict in 
 manners or morals. 
 Strake, n. Range of planks 
 from stem to stern of a vessel. 
 Strand, n. Shore or beach ; 
 one of the twists or parts of 
 which a rope is composed. — 
 v.i.ort. To run aground ; to 
 break one of the strands of. 
 Strange, a. Foreign; un- 
 known; wonderful; odd. 
 Strange'ly (10), adv. In a 
 
 strange manner. 
 Strange'ness, n. State of 
 being strange ; singularity. 
 Stran'ger, n. A foreigner; 
 
 one unknown ; a guest. 
 Stran'gle, v. t. or i. To 
 
 choke ; to suffocate. 
 StrS,n/gu-la'tion, n. Act of 
 
 strangUng ; suffocation. 
 Stran'gu-ry, n. Painful dif- 
 ficulty in discharging urine. 
 Strap, n. A long strip of 
 leather ; thong. — v. t. To 
 beat or fasten with a strap. 
 Strap'ping, a. Large; lusty. 
 
 STRICKEN 
 
 Stra'ta, n. pi. Beds ; layers. 
 Strat'a-gem, n. An artifice, 
 particularly in war ; a trick. 
 Strat'e-gist, n. One skilled 
 
 in military movements. 
 Strat'e-gy, n. That branch 
 of military science which 
 consists in conducting great 
 military movements. 
 StraVi-fi-ca'tion, n. Ar- 
 rangement in strata. 
 Strat'i-fy, v.t. To form into 
 
 strata or layers. 
 Stratum, n. [pi. Stra'ta, 
 
 25.) A layer, as of earth. 
 Straw, n. A stalk or stem of 
 
 grain ; mass of stalks. 
 Straw'ber-ry, n. A plant 
 
 and its fruit. 
 Stray, v. i. To wander ; to 
 rove ; to ramble. — n. A beast 
 that wanders at large. 
 Streak, n. A line of color ; a 
 
 stripe. —V. t. To stripe. 
 Streak'ed (streekt or streek'- 
 
 ed), p. p. or a. Striped. 
 Streak'y, a. Having streaks. 
 Stream, n. A current of Avatcr 
 or other fluid, —i". To flow; 
 to issue in a current. 
 Stream'er, n. A flag ; ensign. 
 Stream'let, n. A small 
 
 stream ; rivulet. 
 Street, n. A way or road in 
 
 a city or town. 
 Strength, n. Quality of being 
 strong ; power ; force ; vigor. 
 Strgn^h'en, v. t. or u To 
 
 make or grow strong. 
 Stren'u-ous, a. Eagerly 
 
 pressing or urgent ; active. 
 Stren'u-ous-ly, adv. With 
 eager zeal. [portance. 
 Stress (2), M. Pressure ; im- 
 Stretch, v.t. To extend ; to 
 draw out; to strain. — n. 
 Extension ; reach ; effort. 
 Stretchier, n. One that 
 stretches ; a piece of tim- 
 ber ; a litter. 
 Strew (stru or stro), v. t. To 
 scatter ; to cover by scatter- 
 ing. 
 
 Stri'a-ted, a. Streaked \ 
 
 channeled. 
 Strick'en (strik/n), r- P- & 
 
 p. a. Struck ; smitten ; 
 
 advanced ; worn out. 
 
 T 5 ti J' Zow^;5,g,!,6,tt,y,5Aor^-care,car,ask,all,wh?t;Gre,vcil,tCrm;pique,n^ 
 
STRICT 
 
 257 
 
 STYLE 
 
 strict, a. Exact ; severe ; 
 close ; rigid ; rigorous. 
 
 Stri€t'ly, adv. Rigorously. 
 
 Strictness, n. Severity ; 
 rigor j_ closeness. 
 
 Strict'ure, n. Censure ; a 
 morbid contraction of any 
 passage of the body. 
 
 Stride, n. A long step. — v. 
 i. To walk with, long steps. 
 
 Strife, n. Contention ; strug- 
 gle ; rivalsliip. 
 
 Strike, V. t. [imp. struck ; 
 
 p. p. STRUCK, STRICKEN.] 
 
 To give a blow to ; to hit ; 
 to beat ; to impress ; to low- 
 er ; to surrender. — 1\ t. To 
 make a quick blow ; to quit 
 work so as to compel an in- 
 crease of wages. 
 
 Strik'ing, a. Impressive ; 
 surprising ; forcible. 
 
 String, n. A slender cord ; a 
 series; things filed. — v. t. 
 [imp. & p. p. STRUNG.] To 
 furnish with strings. 
 
 Stringed, a. Having strings. 
 
 Strin'gent, a. Binding close- 
 ly ; urgent ; making severe 
 requirements. 
 
 String'y, a. Fibrous ; fila- 
 mentous ; ropy ; viscous. 
 
 Strip, V. t. To make naked ; 
 to deprive of a covering ; to 
 peel. — n. A narrow piece, 
 comparatively long. 
 
 Stripe, n. A line of a dififer- 
 ent color ; a lash. — v. t. To 
 form with stripes. 
 
 Stri'ped, a. Having stripes 
 of different colors. [lad. 
 
 Strip'Iing, n. A youth ; a 
 
 Strive, V. i. [imp. strove ; 
 p. p. striven. To make 
 efforts ; to struggle in oppo- 
 sition ; to vie. 
 
 Stroke, n. A blow; a knock; 
 a dash ; a touch ; masterly 
 effort. — V. t. To rub gently. 
 
 Stroll, V. i. To wander on 
 foot ; to rove ; to ramble. — 
 n. A ramble ; excursion. 
 
 Stronger (9), n. One who 
 strolls ; a rover ; a vagrant. 
 
 Strong, a. Having great pow- 
 er. — Syn. Vigorous ; pow- 
 erful ; robust ; cogent. 
 
 Strong'ly, adv. Powerfully. 
 
 StrSng'hold, n. A fortress. 
 Strop, n. An instrument for 
 
 sharpening razors on. 
 Stro'phe, n. The former of 
 
 two stanzas, in ancient lyric 
 
 poetry. 
 Strove, imp. of Strive. 
 Strow (stro), v. t. [imp. 
 
 STROWED ;/?. p. STROWED 
 
 or STROWN.J See Strew. 
 
 Struck, imp. & p. p. of 
 Strike. [to structure. 
 
 Struct'ur-al, a. Pertaining 
 
 Structure, n. Form ; con- 
 struction ; frame ; an edifice. 
 
 Strug'gle, V. i. To strive ; to 
 labor hard ; to endeavor. — 
 n. Vigorous effort ; great 
 labor ; agony. 
 
 Stru'mous, a. Having swell- 
 ings in the glands. 
 
 Strum'pet, n. A prostitute. 
 
 Strung, imp. 8c p. p. of String. 
 
 Strut, n. An affected walk. — 
 V. ?. To walk with an affec- 
 tation of dignity. 
 
 Strych'nine, n. A very pois- 
 onous narcotic. [tree. 
 
 Stub, n. Stump of a small 
 
 Stiib'bed, a. Short and thick. 
 
 Stub'ble, n. Stumps of rye, 
 wheat, oats, &c. 
 
 Stub'born, a. Inflexible in 
 opinion ; unreasonably ob- 
 stinate ; obdurate. 
 
 Stiib'by, a. Short and thick. 
 
 Stuc'CO, n. A kind of fine 
 plaster. — v. t. To overlay 
 with stucco. 
 
 Stuck, i?>ip. & p. p. of Stick. 
 
 Stud, n. A small timber for a 
 support; a set of breeding 
 horses and marcs ; a stal- 
 lion; a kind of button ; a nail. 
 — V. t. To set with studs. 
 
 Stu'dent, n. One who studies. 
 
 Stud'ied, a. Premeditated. 
 
 Stu'di-o,n. {pi. Stii'di-os, 18.) 
 Work-shop of a sculptor. 
 
 Stu'di-ous , a. Given to study. 
 
 Stu'di-ous-ly, adv. With 
 close application ; carefully. 
 
 Stud'y, n. Application to j 
 books, or to any subject ; i 
 object of attentive considera- j 
 tion ; a room for study. — v. \ 
 (13) To apply the mind to 
 books or learning. | 
 
 Stuff (1), n. Material ; cloth ; 
 furniture ; worthless mat- 
 ter ; nonsense. — v. t. To fill 
 to excess, or by crowding ; 
 To crowd ; to cram. 
 
 Stuffing, n. That which is 
 used for filling. [fool of. 
 
 Stiil'ti-fy, V. t. To make a 
 
 Stum'ble, v. i. To trip in 
 walking. — ». A trip ; a 
 blunder. 
 
 Stum'bling-bl6ck, n. That 
 which causes one to stumble. 
 
 Stiimp, n. Part of a tree left 
 after the trunk is cut down. 
 
 Stiimp'y, a. Fall of stumps; 
 short and thick. 
 
 Stim,i;.i. To make senseless ; 
 to overpower the hearing of. 
 
 Stung, imp. & p. p. of Sting. 
 
 Stiink, imp. & p. p. of Stink. 
 
 Stiint, V. t. To hinder the 
 growth of. 
 
 Stii'pe-fac'tion, n. Insensi- 
 bility ; torpor ; stupidity. 
 
 Stii'pe-fy, v. t. To deprive of 
 sensibility ; to make stupid. 
 
 Stu-pen'doiis, a. Amazingly 
 great; wonderful. 
 
 Stii'pid, a. Wanting under- 
 standing or sensibility ; very 
 dull ; sluggish. 
 
 Stu-pid'i-ty, n. Extreme 
 dullness of perception or 
 understanding. 
 
 Stti'pid-ly, adv. With ex- 
 treme dullness. 
 
 Stii'por, n. Suppression of 
 sense ; numbness ; intellect- 
 ual or moral insensibility. 
 
 Stur'di-ly, adv. In a sturdy 
 manner ; stoutly ; hardily. 
 
 Stur'dy, a. Stout ; hardy ; 
 strong; robust. [size, 
 
 Stur'geon, n. A fish of large 
 
 StiiVter (8), v. i. To hesitate 
 in speaking ; to stammer, — ^ 
 n. Act of stuttering. 
 
 Stut'ter-er, n. A stammerer. . 
 
 Sty, n. A pen for swine ; in- ' 
 flamed tumor on the eyelid. 
 
 Styg'i-an (stij^i-an), a. Hell- 
 ish ; infernal ; dark ; black. 
 
 Sty'Iar, a. Belonging to the 
 style of a dial. 
 
 Style, n. Manner of writing ; 
 title ; pin of a dial ; an en- 
 graver's tool ; part of a 
 
 son, or, do, wQlf, tob, tcJbk \ Urn, rge, pj.ill ; 9, soft : «, g, hcurd} a§ ; e^st ; q as ng ; 
 17 
 
 this. 
 
STYLISH 
 
 258 
 
 pistil.— V. t. To call; to 
 name ; to denominate. 
 Styl'ish (11), a. Fashionable 
 in form or manner ; showy. 
 Styp'ti-C, a. Serving to stop 
 
 hemorrhage or bleeding. 
 Sua'sion (swa^zhun), n. Act 
 of persuading ; persuasion. 
 Sua'sive, \a. Tending to 
 Sua'so-ry, j persuade. 
 Suav'i-ty, n. Sweetness ; 
 
 pleasantness ; agreeableness. 
 Sub-a(j'id, a. Moderately acid. 
 Sub-al'tern, a. Inferior ; 
 subordinate.— n. An infe- 
 rior ofiBcer. 
 Sub-a'que-oiis, a. Being un- 
 der the surface of water. 
 SWdi-vide', v. t. To divide 
 again, or what has already 
 been divided. 
 Sub/di-vi'§ion (-vTzh/un), n. 
 
 A part of a division. 
 Sub-du€t', V. t. To with- 
 draw ; to subtract. 
 Sub-due' (15), v, t. To con- 
 quer ; to overcome ; to van- 
 quish ; to overpower. 
 Sub-ja'gent, a. Lying under. 
 Sub'jeet, a. Being under au- 
 thority; liable; exposed.— 
 n. One who lives under the 
 power of another ; a matter 
 in discussion ; theme ; topic. 
 Sub-3§ct', 'c. t. To bring or 
 
 put under; to subdue. 
 Sub-jg€'tion, w. A being un- 
 der control. 
 Sub-je€t'ive, a. Relating to 
 the subject; pertaining to 
 one's own consciousness. 
 Sub-join', v.t. To add at the 
 
 end ; to append. 
 Sub'ju-gate, v. t. To reduce 
 
 to slavery ; to subdue. 
 Sub/ju-ga'tion, n. Act of 
 
 subduing; subjection. 
 Sub-jun<5'tion, n. The act of 
 
 subjoining. 
 Sub-iun€t'ive, a. Added; 
 expressing condition, hy- 
 pothesis, or contingency. 
 Sub-let', 1'. t. To lease, as a 
 
 lessee, to another person. 
 Sub'Ii-mate, ) v. t. Toevapo- 
 Sub-lTme'. ) rate, as a 
 solid rubstance, by heat ; to 
 heighten : to elevate. 
 
 Subli-mate, n. Product of 
 sublimation, [sublimatmg. 
 SuVli-ma'tion, n. Act of 
 Sub-lime', a. Lofty in place 
 or style ; elevated ; grand ; 
 magnificent. — n. A lofty 
 style ; sublimity. 
 Sub-llme'ly (10), adv. In a 
 
 sublime or lofty manner. 
 Sub-lim'i-ty, n. State of being 
 
 sublime ; loftiness of style. 
 Sub-lm'gual (-ling/gwal), a. 
 
 Situated under the tongue. 
 Sub'lu-na-ry, a. Earthly ; 
 
 terrestrial ; mundane. 
 Sub^ma-rine' (-reenO, «• 
 
 Being under the sea. 
 Sub-merge', ) -y. t. To put 
 Sub-merse', ) under water. 
 Sub-mer'sion, n. Act of 
 
 plunging under water. 
 Sub-mis'sion (-mish/un), n. 
 Act of yielding to power or 
 authority ; resignation. 
 Sub-mis'sive, «. IncUned or 
 
 ready to submit. 
 Sub-mis'sive-ly, adv. With 
 
 submission; humbly. 
 Sub-mis'sive-ness,n. Hum- 
 bleness ; obedience. 
 Sub-mit' (7), V. To yield to 
 the power, Avill, or opmion 
 of another ; to surrender ; to 
 acquiesce ; to comply. 
 Sub-mul'ti-ple, n. A num- 
 ber contained in another an 
 exact number of times. 
 Sub-or'di-nate, a. Inferior 
 in order or rank; subject. 
 — n. An inferior. 
 Sub-or'di-nate, v. To make 
 
 subordinate or inferior. 
 Sub-op/di-na'tion, n. Act of 
 subordinating ; subjection. 
 Sub-orn', v. t. To procure to 
 
 take a false oath. 
 SuVor-na'tion, n. Act or 
 
 crime of suborning. 
 Sub-poe'na, n. A writ com- 
 manding the attendance of 
 a witness. — V. t. To sum 
 mon bv subpoena. 
 Sub-scribe', v. t. To write 
 underneath ; to sign ; to at- 
 test. 
 
 Sub-s€rTb'er, n. One who 
 
 subscribes. 
 Sub-S€rip'tion, n. The sign 
 
 SUBSTITUTION 
 
 ing of a name ; amount sub- 
 scribed ; attestation. 
 Sub'se-quenge, n. State of 
 
 being subsequent. 
 Sub'se-quent, a. Following 
 
 in time or order of place. 
 Sub'se-quent-ly,a(it'. Later; 
 
 afterward. 
 Sub-serve', v.t. To serve in 
 subordination ; to promote. 
 Sub-serv'i-enQe, \n. Use 
 Sub-serv'i-en-gy, ) or opera- 
 tion that promotes some 
 purpose. 
 Sub-sery'i-ent, a. Fitted to 
 
 subserve ; subordinate. 
 Sub-side', v. i. To sink or 
 
 fall to the bottom. 
 Sub-sid'enge, n. Act of sub- 
 siding, or sinking. 
 Sub-sid'i-a-ry, a. Serving to 
 
 help : auxiliary. 
 Sub'si-dize (31), t-. To pay 
 
 a subsidy to. 
 Sub'si-dy, n. Aid in money. 
 Sub-sist', V. i. To have ex- 
 istence ; to be supported. — 
 V. t. To maintain. 
 Sub-sist'enQe,n. Real being; 
 means of support; provis- 
 ions, or means of procuring 
 them. [inhering. 
 Sub-sist'ent, a. Existing; 
 Sub'scil, n. Soil under the 
 
 surface soil. 
 Sub'stange, n. Substratum ; 
 essential part ; nature ; body; 
 matter; estate ; property. 
 Sub-stan'tial, a. Real ; solid. 
 Sub-stan'tial-ly, adv. Real- 
 
 ly; truly; essentially. 
 ub-stan'tial§, n. yl. Essen- 
 tial parts. 
 Sub-stan'ti-ate (-ststn/shi-), 
 
 v.t. To prove ; to verify. 
 Sub'stan-tive, n. A noun. — 
 
 a. Expressing existence. 
 Sub'stan-tive-ly, adv. In 
 substance ; essentially ; as a 
 substantive or noun. 
 Sub'sti-tute, n. One person 
 or thing put in place of an- 
 other. — v.t. To put in the 
 place of another. — Syn. To 
 exchange ; interchange. 
 SiiVsti-til'tion, n. Act of 
 substituting; thing substi- 
 tuted. 
 
SUBSTRATUM 
 
 259 
 
 SUIT 
 
 Sub-stra'tum, n. {pi. Sub- 
 stra'ta). A stratum under 
 something; substance. 
 
 Sub-stru-c'tion, n. An under- 
 building ; foundation. 
 
 Sub-tend', v. t. To extend 
 under or be opposite to. 
 
 Sub-tense', n. The chord 
 which subtends an arc. 
 
 Sub'ter-fuge, n. An evasion 
 
 Sub^ter-ra'ne-an, ) a. Being 
 
 Sub^ter-ra'ne-ous, ) under 
 the surface of the earth. 
 
 Siib'tne, a. Fine; thin; rare. 
 
 Sub'til-ty, n. Quahty of 
 being subtile ; refinement. 
 
 Sub^til-i-za'tion, n. Act of 
 making subtile; refinement. 
 
 Sub'til-ize, V. t. To make 
 thin or fine ; to refine. 
 
 Subt'le (silt/1), a. Sly ; artful. 
 
 Sub'tle-ty (sQt'l-), n. Cun- 
 ning ; craftiness ; shrewd- 
 ness, [fully. 
 
 Sfibt'ly (sut/ly), adv. Art- 
 
 Sub-tra-et', v. t. To with- 
 draw from the rest ; to de- 
 duct. 
 
 Sub-tra€'tion, n. The taking 
 of a lesser sxim from a great- 
 er ; deduction ; withdrawal. 
 
 Sub-tr^-et'ive, a. Tending, or 
 having power, to subtract. 
 
 Sub^tra-hend', n. A sum to 
 be subtracted from another. 
 
 Sub-urb'an, a. Pertaining to, 
 or being in, the suburbs. 
 
 Sub'urbg, n. pi. Region on 
 the confines of a city. 
 
 Sub-ver'sion, n. Total over- 
 throw ; ruin. 
 
 Sub-ver'sive, a. Tending to 
 ruin. 
 
 Sub-vert', v. t. To over- 
 throw ; to destroy ; to ruin. 
 
 Su€-Qeed', v. i. or t. To fol- 
 low in order ; to come after ; 
 to be prosperous. [sue. 
 
 Su€-c§ss', n. ProsperouStjg- 
 
 Su€-Qess'ful, a. Prosperous? 
 
 Su€-Qess'ful-ly, adv. Pros- 
 perously ; favorably. 
 
 Su-e-Qes'sion (-seslVun), n. 
 Act of succeeding ; a series 
 of persons or things ; order 
 of events ; lineage. 
 
 Su€-Qes'sive, a. Following 
 in order. 
 
 Su€-gSs'sive-ly, adv. In reg- 
 ular order. 
 
 Su€-Qes'sor, w. One who suc- 
 ceeds another. 
 
 Su€-Qin€t', a. Compressed in- 
 to a narrow compass. — 
 Syn. Short ; concise ; brief. 
 
 Su€-Qin€t'ly, adv. Brietiy. 
 
 Su-e'-eor (8), v. t. To relieve 
 in distress ; to aid. — n. As- 
 sistance in distress. 
 
 Su€'-eo-tash, n. Boiled 
 maize and beans mixed to- 
 gether. 
 
 Su€'-cu-lenQe, n. Juiciness. 
 Su€'-eu-lent, a. Juicy. 
 Su€-eumb' (-kumb^, 6), v. i. 
 
 To yield ; to submit ; to sink 
 
 unresistingly. 
 Such, a. Of the like kind ; 
 
 like ; the same that (with 
 
 as). 
 
 Suck, V. t. To draw in with 
 the mouth ; to imbibe. 
 
 Suck'er, n. One who sucks ; 
 a shoot ; a fish. 
 
 Suck'le (.«*«k/l), V. t. To 
 nurr^e at the breast. 
 
 Suck'Iing, n. A child nursed 
 at the breast. 
 
 Su€'tion, ?i. Act of sucking. 
 
 Su€-t6'ri-al, a. Adapted for, 
 or living by, sucking. 
 
 Sud'den, a. Coming without 
 previous notice ; abrupt ; 
 hasty ; rapid. [pectedly. 
 
 Sud'den-ly, adv. Uncx- 
 
 Su^dor-if i-e, a. Causing 
 sweat ; producing perspira- 
 tion. 
 
 Sud§, n. sing. Water impreg- 
 nated with soap. [law. 
 
 Sue, V. t. To prosecute in 
 
 Su'et, n. Hard fat about the 
 kidneys and loins. 
 
 Suffer, V. t. To bear with 
 pain ; to undergo ; to per- 
 mit. — V. i. To endure pain. 
 
 Suf'fer-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 Xbeing suffered or endured. 
 
 Suf(fer-anQe, n. Pain en- 
 dued ; permission ; endur- 
 anee\ [fers. 
 
 Suf'fer-er, n. One who suf- 
 
 Suf'fer-ing, n. Pain endured. 
 
 Suf-fice' (suf-flzO, V. t. To 
 satisfy. — v. i. To be 
 enough. j 
 
 Suf-fi'cien-gy (-ffsh/en-), n. 
 A full supply ; competence. 
 
 Suf-fi'cient (-fi'sh/ent), a. 
 Adequate to wants : enough. 
 
 Suf-fi'cient-ly (-fish/ent-), 
 adv. Enough. 
 
 Suffix, n. A letter or a sylla- 
 ble added to the end of a 
 word. 
 
 Suf-fix', v.t. To add to the 
 end of a word, as a letter or 
 a syllable. 
 
 Suf fo-cate, v. t. To chok(r 
 by excluding air; to stifle ; 
 to smother. 
 
 Suf/fo-ea'tion, n. The act of 
 suffocating or smothering. 
 
 Suf fo-ea'tive, n. Tending to 
 suffocate or choke. 
 
 Suffra-gan, n. A bishop, 
 considered as an assistant. 
 
 Suffrage, n. A vote ; a voice. 
 
 Suf-fuse', t. To overspread. 
 
 Suf-fu''"gion, n. Act of suffus- 
 ing. 
 
 Sug'ar (shng^ar), n. A sweet 
 crystalline substance ob- 
 tained from the sugar-cane, 
 mnplo, beet, Sec — v. t. To 
 sweeten with sugar. 
 
 S u g ' a r-€ a n e 
 (shng/ar-), n. 
 A plant whose 
 juice produces 
 sugar. 
 
 Su g 'ar-16af 
 (shug/ar-), n. A 
 cone or mass of 
 refined sugar. Sugar-cane. 
 
 Sug'ar-plum (shi.ig'ar), n. 
 "A kind of candy in the form 
 of a ball. 
 
 Sug'ar-y (shug'ar-), a. 
 Sweet ; saccharine. 
 
 Sug-gest' {or sud-jestO, v. t. 
 To hint ; to intimate. 
 
 Sug-ges'tion (sug-jest/yunor 
 sud-jest/yun), «. Hint ; in- 
 timation ; insinuation. 
 
 Sug-ggst'ive (sug- or sud-), 
 a. Containing a suggestion, 
 or hint. [of suicide. 
 
 Su^i-Qi'dal, a. Of the nature 
 
 Sii'i-gide, n. Self-murder; 
 a self-murderer ; a felo-de- 
 se. 
 
 Suit, n. A ?et ; retinue ; peti- 
 tion ; courtship ; legal pro- 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, wg>lf, t^o, tcTok; to, nje, pyll; soft; -g, g, hard; as ; epst; u as ng; this. 
 
SUITABLE 
 
 260 
 
 SUPERIOR 
 
 cess ; prosecution, — f. t. or 1 authority ; to convoke ; to 
 i. To fit or "be fitted, [meet. bid : to cite ; to notify. 
 
 Sum'mong, n. sing. A call or 
 command to appear at a 
 
 Suit'a-ble, a. Fit ; proper ; 
 Suit'a-ble-ness, n. Fitness. 
 Suit'a-bly, adv. Fitly ; prop- 
 erly ; appropriately. 
 Suite (sweet), n. A retinue ; 
 
 a train ; a set ; a series. 
 Suit 'or, n. One who sues; a 
 petitioner ; a wooer, [rosely. 
 Sulk'i-ly, adv. Sullenly; mo- 
 Sulk'i-ness (13), n. Sullen- 
 
 ness ; moroseness. 
 Sulk'y, a. Sullen ; morose. — 
 n. A carriage for one jjerson. 
 Sul'len, a. Ill-natured ; cross 
 
 and silent ; morose. 
 Sul'ly,^'. t. or i. To soil ; to 
 spot ; to tarnish ; to stain 
 
 certain place and time. 
 Sump'ter, n. A pack-horse. 
 Sumpt'u-a-ry, a. Regulating 
 
 expenses of living. 
 Sumpt'u-ous, a. Character- 
 ized by expense and mag- 
 nificence ; costly. 
 Sun, n. The luminary that 
 enlightens and warms the 
 earth and other planets ; 
 sunshine. — v. i. To expose 
 to the sun. [snn. 
 Sun'-beam, n. A ray of the 
 Sun'burnt, a. Burnt or 
 scorched by the sun 
 
 Sul'phate,n. A salt composed Sun'day, n. First day of the 
 
 of sulphuric acid and a base 
 Sul'phur, n. An inflammable 
 yellow mineral ; brimstone. 
 Sul-phu're-ous, ) a. Having 
 Sul'phur-ous, j the quali- 
 ties of sulphur. 
 Sul'phu-ret, n. A combina- 
 tion of sulphur with another 
 element. 
 Sul-phii'rl-e, a. Pertaining to, 
 
 or obtained from, sulphur. 
 Sul'phur-y, a. Partaking of, 
 
 or resembling, sulphur. 
 SuPtan, n. Turkish emperor. 
 Sul-ta'na, or Sul-ta'na, I n. 
 Sul'ta-ness, ) 
 
 Wife of a Sultan. [sultry. 
 SuPtri-ness,n. State of being 
 SuPtry, a. Hot ; close ; stag- 
 nant, and oppressive, as air. 
 Sum, n. The whole amount ; 
 a quantity ; a problem in 
 arithmetic. — v. t. To col- 
 lect into a total ; to com- 
 pute. 
 
 Su'mae 
 Su'mach , 
 
 (shfTo-'mSlk), n. A 
 shrub used in 
 medicine, dyeing, &c. 
 Sum'ma-ry, a. Brief; short ; 
 concise.— n. An abridged 
 account ; an abstract, 
 f'^iiin'mer, n. ^V^armest season 
 of the year. — To pass or 
 cause to pass the summer. 
 Sum'mer-set, n. A leap heels 
 over head. [top, 
 Sum'mit, n. Highest point ; 
 Sum'mon, v. t. To call by 
 
 Aveek ; Christian Sabbath 
 Sun'der, ^^ t. To separate ; 
 
 to disunite ; to sever. 
 Sun'-dPal, n. An instrument 
 to show the time by means 
 of the shadow of a style. 
 Sun/dries, n. pi. Many differ- 
 ent or small things. 
 Sun'dry, a. More than one or 
 two. — Syn. Divers ; several. 
 Sun'flow-er, n. A plant with 
 
 large yellow tlowers. 
 Sung, imp. k p.p. of Sing. 
 Sunk, imp. 8c p. p. of Sink. 
 Siink'en,p. a. from Sink. 
 Sun'less, a. Destitute of the 
 
 sun or its rays. 
 Sun'Iight (-Ht), n. Light of 
 
 the sun. 
 Sun'ny, a. Exposed to, or re- 
 sembling, the sun ; bright. 
 Siin'rige, n. First appearance 
 
 of the sun in the morning. 
 Sun'set, n. Disappearance of 
 the sun at night. [sun. 
 Siin'shine, n. Light of the 
 Sun'shm-y, a. Bright with 
 
 the sun's rays. 
 Sun'-str5ke,w. Sudden pros- 
 tration occasioned by ex- 
 posure to heat of the sun. 
 Sup, V- i- or t. To eat supper. 
 
 — n. A small draught. 
 Su^per-a-bound', v. i. To be 
 
 very abundant. 
 Su''per-a-bund'anQe,n. More 
 I than is sufficient ; excessive 
 I abundance ; exuberance, 
 
 Su'per-a-bund'ant, a. More 
 
 than is sufficient. 
 Su/per-add', r. t. To add 
 
 over and above. 
 Su'per-an'nu-atc, v. t. To 
 impair or disquaUfy by old 
 age and infirmity. 
 Su'per-an'nu-a'ted, a. Dis- 
 qualified by old age. 
 Su-perb', a. Grand ; magnifi- 
 cent ; elegant. 
 Su-perb'ly,a(^v. Grandly. 
 Su^per-€ar'go, n. One who 
 has the care of a cargo, and 
 manages the sale of it. 
 Su^per-QiPi-ous, a. Haughty ; 
 
 dictatorial ; overbearing. 
 Su/per-QiPi-ous-ly, adv. 
 
 ILaughtily ; dogmatically. 
 Su^per-em'i-nenge, n. Emi~ 
 nence superior to what is 
 common. 
 Su'per-em'i-nent, a. Emi- 
 nent in a superior degree. 
 Su^per-er^o-ga'tion, n. A 
 doing more than duty or ne- 
 cessity^ requires. 
 Su/per-e-r6g'a-to-ry, a. Ex- 
 ceeding the calls of duty. 
 Su^per-ex'gel-lent, a. Very 
 
 excellent. 
 Su^per-fPcial (-fish/al), a. 
 Being on the surface ; shal- 
 low ; not deep. 
 Su/per-fi'cial-ly (-Hsh/al-), 
 
 adv. On the surface only. 
 Su'per-fi'cie§ (-fish/ez), n. 
 Surface ; exterior part or 
 fiice of a thing. 
 Su'per-flne', a. Very fine. 
 Su^per-flu'i-ty, n. Something 
 
 beyond what is needed. 
 Su-per'flu-ous, a. More than 
 
 is wanted ; useless. 
 Sil'per-hu'man, a. Above or 
 
 beyond what is human. 
 Su^per-in-€um'bent, a. Ly- 
 ing on something else. • 
 Su^per-in-duge', v. t. To 
 bring in or upon as au addi- 
 tion to something. 
 Su'per-in-tend' , v. t. To 
 oversee. [of overseeing. 
 Su'per-in-tgnd'enge, 7?. Act 
 Su^per-in-tend'ent, n. A 
 
 manager ; an overseer. 
 Su-pe'ri-or, a. Higher ; 
 greater ; more exalted ; prof- 
 
 5, 1 , 0, u, /on^ ; 5, 6, 1, 6, Q, 5^, short ; care, car, ask, gU, wh^t ; ere, vfiil, term ; pique, firm 
 
SUPERIORITY 
 
 2G1 
 
 SURPASS 
 
 erable, — n. One higher or 
 more excellent ; a chief. 
 
 Su-pe^ri-dr'i-ty, n. State of 
 being superior ; pre-emi- 
 nence ; predominance. 
 
 Su-per'la-tive, a. Expressing 
 the highest degree ; supreme. 
 
 Su-per'nal, a. Relating to 
 things above ; celestial. 
 
 Su/per-n^t'u-ral, a. Exceed- 
 ing the powers or laws of 
 nature. 
 
 Su'per-nu'mer-a-ry, a. Ex- 
 ceeding the number neces- 
 sary. — n. A person or thing 
 beyond what is necessary or 
 usual. 
 
 Su^per-S€rTbe', t'. t. To write 
 on the outside of ; to address. 
 
 Su^per-serip'tion, n. A writ- 
 ing on the outside. 
 
 Su^per-sede', v. t. To take 
 the place of. — Syn. To 
 overrule ; succeed ; displace. 
 
 Su''per-sti'tion(-stIsh''un), n. 
 Excessive exactness or rigor 
 in religion ; belief in omens. 
 
 Su'per-sti'tious (-stTsh/us), 
 a. Addicted to, or proceed- 
 ing from, superstition. 
 
 Su/per-sti'tioiis-ly (-stTsh'- 
 us), adv. In a stiperstitious 
 manner. 
 
 Su'per-stru-et'ure, n. Any 
 thing built on a foundation 
 or basis. 
 
 Su''per-vene', r. To come 
 upon as something extrane- 
 ous ; to take placed 
 
 Supper- vi'sal, In. Inspec- 
 
 Su'per-vig'ion, j tion ; su- 
 perintendence. 
 
 Supper- vise' (31), v. t. To 
 oversee, for direction ; to 
 superintend ; to inspect. 
 
 Su^per-vi'§or, n. An over- 
 seer. 
 
 Su'pine, n. A verbal noun. 
 Su-pine% a. Lying on the 
 
 hack ; indolent ; careless. 
 Su-pine'ly, adv. Carelessly ; 
 
 heedlessly ; indolently. 
 Su-pme'ness, n. State of 
 
 being supine. 
 Sup'per, n. The evening 
 
 meal. 
 
 Siip'per-less, a. Being with- 
 out supper. 
 
 Sup-plS,nt', u. t. To remove or I 
 displace by stratagem. 
 
 Sup'ple, a. Pliant ; flexible ; 
 yielding ; soft. [tion. 
 
 Sup'ple-ment, n. An addi- 
 
 Sup''ple-m6nt'al, ) a. Ad- 
 
 Sup'ple-ment'a-ry, | ded to 
 supply what is wanted. 
 
 Sup'ple-ness, n. Pliancy ; 
 flexibility; fucihty. 
 
 Sup'pli-ant, a. Entreating. 
 
 Sup'pli-ant, I n. A humble 
 
 Sup'pli-€ant, j petitioner. 
 
 Sup'pli-cate, v. t. To en- 
 treat for ; to beseech. — v. i. 
 To offer supplication. 
 
 Sup^pli-€a'tion, n. Humble 
 petition ; entreaty. 
 
 Sup'pli-€a-to-ry, a. Contain- 
 ing supplication. 
 
 Sup-ply', V. t. To fill up ; to 
 furnish; to provide. — n. 
 Sufficiency for wants; {pL) 
 things supplied. 
 
 Sup-port', n. A prop ; main- 
 tenance. — V. t. To prop; 
 to sustain ; to maintain. 
 
 Sup-port'a-ble, o. Capable of 
 being supported. 
 
 Sup-p6§'a-ble (11), a. Ca- 
 pable of being supposed. 
 
 Sup-pose', V. t. To admit 
 without proof ; to assume to 
 be true ; to imply ; to think. 
 
 Sup''po-§i'tion (-zish''un), n. 
 Something supposed ; an 
 hypothesis. 
 
 Sup-p6s/i-ti'tious (-tish^us), 
 a. Not genuine ; counter- 
 feit ; illegitimate. 
 
 Sup-press', v. t. To overpow- 
 er and crush ; to conceal. 
 
 Sup-pr6s'sion (-presh/un), 
 n. Act of suppressing. 
 
 Sup'pu-rate, v. To generate 
 pus. 
 
 Sup^pu-ra'tion, n. Act or 
 process of suppurating. 
 
 Siip'pu-ra/tive, a. Promot- 
 ing suppuration ; tending to 
 suppurate. [the world. 
 
 Su^pra-mun'dane, a. Above 
 
 Su-prem'a-gy, n. Highest 
 powder or authority. 
 
 Su-preme', a. Highest : great- 
 est ; most powerful ; chief. 
 — 71. The highest and great- 
 est Being ; God. 
 
 Su-preme'ly, adv. In the 
 highest degree. 
 
 Sur-charge', v. t. To over- 
 charge ; to overload. — n. 
 Excessive charge or load. 
 
 Sfir'gin-gle, n. A girth pass- 
 ing over a saddle or blanket. 
 
 Surd, n. A quantity whose 
 root can not be exactly ex- 
 pressed in numbers. — a. 
 Incapable of being expressed 
 exactly by an integral num- 
 ber or by a vulgar fraction ; 
 w hispered, without tone. 
 
 Sure (shijr), a. Certainly 
 knowing ; not liable to fail. 
 — Syn. Certain ; stable ; 
 firm ; confident ; secure. 
 
 Sure'ly (shijr^-), adv. Cer- 
 tainly. 
 
 Sure'ty (shijr^-), n. Certain- 
 ty ; security against loss ; 
 a bondsman ; a bail. 
 
 Sure'ty-ship (13), n. State of 
 being surety for another. 
 
 Surf, n. Continual swell of the 
 sea upon the Fhore. [Ifcies. 
 
 Sur'fage, n. Outside ; super- 
 
 Sfir'feit, n. Fullness occa- 
 sioned by excess. — v. t. or 
 I. To feed to excess. 
 
 Stlrge, n. A large wave or 
 billow. — V. 7. To swell ; to 
 rise high and roll, as waves. 
 
 Sfir'geon (-jun), n. One who 
 practices surgery. 
 
 Sur'ger-y. n. Art of healing 
 external injuries of the body 
 by manual operations. 
 
 Sljr'gi-e-al, a. Pertaining to 
 surgery. 
 
 Sur'li-ness, n. Crabbedness. 
 
 Sur'loin,rj. A loin of beef, or 
 the upper part of it. [sour. 
 
 Sur'ly, a. Morose ; crabbed ; 
 
 Sur-mise' (31), v. t. To imag- 
 ine ; to conjecture. — n. Sus- 
 picion ; conjecture. 
 
 Sur-mount', v. t. To over- 
 come ; to surpass ; to exceed. 
 
 Sur-mount'a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being surmounted. 
 
 Sur'name, n. A name added 
 to the baptismal name ; a 
 family name, [family name. 
 
 Sur-name', v. t. To call by a 
 
 Sur-pass', v. t. To go be* 
 yond ; to exceed ; to excel. 
 
 •<5n, or, dQ, WQlf, tOR), tdbk ; to, rye, pyll ; p, soft; €, g, hard; a§ ; epst ; q as ng ; this. 
 
SURPASSING 
 
 262 
 
 SWEEP 
 
 Sur-pass'ing, v- P^- or a. 
 Exceeding others ; excellent 
 in an eminent degree. 
 Sur'plige, n. A white gar- 
 ment worn by clergymen. 
 Sur'plus, |n. Excess be- 
 Sur 'plus-age, j yond what 
 
 is necessary ; overplus. 
 Sur-pri§'al, n. Act of sur- 
 prising ; state of surprise. 
 Sur-pri§e', n. A moderate 
 degree of wonder suddenly 
 excited, — i'. t. (31) To come 
 or fall upon unexpectedly ; 
 to excite wonder in. 
 Sur-pri§'ing, a. Exciting 
 
 surprise ; wonderful. 
 Sur-ren'der,t'. t. To yield; to 
 deliver up. — n. Act of yield- 
 ing or giving up to another. 
 Sur^rep-ti'tious (-tish/us), a. 
 
 Done by stealth or fraud. 
 Sur^rep-ti'tious-ly (-tish^- 
 US-), adv. By stealth ; fraud- 
 ulently. 
 Sur'ro-gate, n. A deputy; a 
 delegate; one who presides 
 over the probate of wills, and 
 the settlement of estates. 
 Sur-round', v. t. To inclose 
 
 on all sides ; to encompass. 
 Sur-tput' (-tcTot/), n. A close- 
 fitting overcoat. 
 Sur-vey' (14), v. t. To view 
 attentively ; to measure and 
 delineate, as land. 
 Sur'vey, w. A general or a 
 particular view ; mensura- 
 tion ; a plan or draft. 
 Sur-vey'ing, n. Act or art 
 of nieasuring land, and de- 
 ' lineating it on paper. 
 Sur-vey'or, n. One who 
 measures land ; an inspec- 
 tor of goods, highways, &c. 
 Sur-vi'val, n. A living longer 
 
 than another. 
 Sur-vive', v. t. To live long- 
 er than ; to outlive. 
 Sur-viv'or, n. One who out- 
 lives another. [survivor. 
 Sur-viv'or-ship, n. State of a 
 Sus-gep/ti-bil'i-ty, n. Qual- 
 ity of receiving impressions ; 
 sensibility. 
 Sus-gep'ti-ble, ) a. Capable 
 Sus-gep'tive, J of receiving 
 impressions. 
 
 Sus-pe-et', tJ. t. To imagine 
 to exist ; to mistrust ; to 
 doubt ; to have suspicion of. 
 
 Sus-pend', v. t. To attach 
 to something above ; to 
 cause to cease for a time. — 
 Syn. To hang ; intermit ; 
 interrupt; delay; hinder. 
 
 Sus-pend'er, w. One who 
 suspends; (pZ.) braces. 
 
 Sus-pense', n. State of un- 
 certainty ; cessation for a 
 time ; indecision. 
 
 Sus-pen'sion, n. Act of sus- 
 pending ; temporary or con- 
 ditional interruption or de- 
 lay, [suspend. 
 
 Sus-pen'so-ry, a. Serving to 
 
 Sus-pi'cion (-pish/un), n. 
 Mistrust ; doubt ; jealousy. 
 
 Sus-pi'cious (-plsh/us), a. 
 Apt or inclined to suspect. 
 
 Sus-pi'cious-ly (-pish/us-), 
 adv. So as to excite suspi- 
 cion. 
 
 Sus/pi-ra'tion, n. A sigh. 
 
 Sus-tain', 1'. t. To bear; to 
 support ; to uphold ; to en- 
 dure ; to maintain. 
 
 Sus'te-nange, n. Food that 
 sustains ; support ; main- 
 tenance ; provisions. 
 
 Sus^ten-ta'tion, n. Support. 
 
 Sut'ler, n. One who follows 
 an army and sells provisions 
 and liquors to the troops. 
 
 Sut-tee' (18), n. A Hindoo 
 widow who immolates her- 
 self on the funeral pile of 
 her husband. 
 
 Sut'ure, n. A seam ; joint of 
 the bones of the skull. 
 
 Swab (swob), n. A mop for 
 cleaning floors, &c. ; a 
 sponge for cleaning the 
 mouth. — V. t. To wipe 
 with a mop or swab. 
 
 Swad'dle, v. t. To swathe 
 — n. Clothes bound tight 
 around the body. 
 
 Swag, V. i. To sink down by 
 its weight. 
 
 Swag'ger, v. i. To boast ; 
 to brag ; to bluster. — n. 
 Insolence of manner. 
 
 Swain, n. A rustic ; a coun- 
 try gallant or lover. 
 
 Sw4le, n. A tract of low 
 
 Swan. 
 
 land. — V. i. To melt and 
 run down, as a candle. 
 
 Swal'low, n. A small migra- 
 tory bird ; the throat. — v. 
 t. To take into the stomach ; 
 to absorb ; to engross. 
 
 Swam, imp. of Swim. 
 
 Swamp (swGmp), n. Low, 
 wet, soft, spongy ground; a 
 marsh ; a fen ; a bog. 
 
 Swamp'y, a. Low, wet and 
 spongy, as land. 
 
 Swan, n. A bird 
 hke the goose, 
 but handsom- 
 er and more 
 graceful. 
 
 Swap (swop), V. 
 t. To exchange ; to barter. 
 — n. An exchange ; barter. 
 
 Sward, n. Grassy surface of 
 land ; compact turf. 
 
 Swarm, n. A multitude, esp. 
 of bees ; a crowd. — v. i. To 
 leave a hive in a body. 
 
 Swarth'i-ly, adv. With a 
 tawny or dusky hue. 
 
 Swarth'y, a. Of a dark hue. 
 
 Swath, n. A line of grass, 
 ^c., cut down in mowing; 
 whole sweep of a scythe. 
 
 Swathe, n. A band or fillet ; 
 a bandage. — v. t. To bind 
 with bands or bandages. 
 
 Sway (14), v. t. or i. To 
 wield ; to govern ; to move 
 or wave. — n. Rule; com- 
 mand; power; influence. 
 
 Swear, v. i. [imp. swore ; 
 p. p. SWORN.] To afiirm 
 with a solemn appeal to God 
 for the truth of what is af- 
 firmed ; to use profane lan- 
 guage. — V. t. To cause to 
 take an oath. 
 
 Swear'ing, n. Act of one who 
 swears; profanity. 
 
 Sweat, n. The moisture which 
 issues through the pores of 
 an animal ; perspiration. — 
 v.i.ovt.To excrete moisture 
 from the skin ; to perspire. 
 
 Sweat'y, n. Moist with 
 sweat; covered with sweat. 
 Sweep, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 SWEPT.] To clean with a 
 broom or brush ; to pass 
 along. — v.i. To pass with 
 
 a, e, 1, o, u, y, loTig; a, 6, 6, ti, j^, short ; care, car, isk, all, wh^t ; gre, VQil, t5rm ; pique, firm ; 
 
SWEEPINGS 
 
 263 
 
 SYMPATHIZE 
 
 svriftness and violence. — n. 
 Act of sweeping ; range ; a 
 large oar ; one who sweeps. 
 
 Sweep'ingg, n. pi. 'J'hiugs 
 collected in sweeping. 
 
 Sweep'stakes, n. pi. The 
 whole money won at a race ; 
 one who wins all. 
 
 Sweet, a. Grateful to the 
 taste, or to any sense ; not 
 sour ; fresh ; soft and gentle. 
 
 Sweet'-bread, n. The pan- 
 creas of an animal. 
 
 Sweet'bri-ar, n. A fragrant 
 shrub of the rose kind. 
 
 Sweet'en, v. t. or i. To make 
 or become sweet. 
 
 Sweet'6n-ing, n. Something 
 which sweetens. 
 
 Sweet'heart, n. A lover ; a 
 mistress. 
 
 Sweeping, n. A sweet apple. 
 
 Sweet'isli, a. Rather sweet. 
 
 Sweet'ly, adv. With sweet- 
 ness ; gratefully ; agreeably. 
 
 Sweet'meat, n. Fruit pre- 
 served with sugar. 
 
 Sweet'ness, w. Gratefulness 
 to the taste or other sense. 
 
 Swell, V. t. To dilate or ex- 
 tend ; to increase the size of. 
 
 — V. i. To be inflated; to 
 grow larger. — n. Extension 
 of bulk. [tumor. 
 
 Swelling, n. Protuberance ; 
 Swelt'er, i*. To oppress or 
 
 to be overcome with heat. 
 SwSlt'ry, a. Sultry. 
 Swept, imp. & p. p. of 
 
 Sweep. 
 
 Swerve, V. t. To deviate ; to 
 wander. 
 
 Swift, a. Moving with celer- 
 ity. — Syn. llapid ; speedy ; 
 ready ; fleet ; quick ; nim- 
 ble. — n. A small bird re- 
 sembling the swallow. 
 
 Swift'ly, adv. Rapidly. 
 
 Swift'ness, n. Rapidity ; 
 celerity ; speed. 
 
 Swig, V. i. or t. To drink in 
 large draughts. 
 
 Swill, V. t. To drink largely. 
 
 — n. TTash for swine. 
 Swim, V. i. [imp. swam ; 
 
 p. p. SWUM.] To float or 
 move in water ; to glide 
 along ; to be dizzy. 
 
 Swim'mer, n. One who 
 swims. [who swims. 
 
 Swim'ming, n. Act of one 
 
 Swiin'ming-ly, adv. AVith- 
 out obstruction; very suc- 
 cessfully ; prosperously. 
 
 Swin'dle, v. t. To cheat or 
 defraud grossly, or with de- 
 liberate artifice. 
 
 Swin'dler, n. A cheat; a 
 sharper ; a rogue. [bog. 
 
 Swine, n. sing, and pi. A 
 
 Swine'-herd, n. A keeper of 
 swine. 
 
 Swing, V. i. or /. [imp. & p. 
 p. SWUNG.] Tomovetoand 
 fro, as a body suspended; 
 to vibrate. — n. A waving 
 motion ; apparatus for 
 swinging ; free course. 
 
 Swinge (11), V. t. To punLsh. 
 
 Swin'gle, V. t. To clean, as 
 flax, by beating. — n. An 
 instrument of wood like a 
 knife, for cleaning flax. 
 
 Swin'ish ( 11 ), a. Like swine ; 
 gross; bestial; sensual. 
 
 Swipe, n. Beam by which 
 the water in a well is raised. 
 
 Swiss, n. sing. & pi. A native 
 of Switzerland ; the people 
 of Switzerland. 
 
 Switch, n. A flexible twig; 
 a movable pair of rails. 
 
 Swiv'el (swivel), 
 n. AringjHnk,' 
 or staple, Swivel, 
 turning on a pin or neck ; a 
 small gun that may be 
 turned on a pivot. [Swell. 
 
 Swollen (swoln), p. p. of 
 
 Swoon, V. i. To faint. — n. 
 A fainting fit. 
 
 Swoop, v.t.oTi. To foil on 
 and seize with a sweeping 
 motion. — n. A pouncing on 
 and seizing, as a bird of prey. 
 
 Swop, n. & V. See Swap. 
 
 Sw5rd (sord), n. A weapon 
 for cutting or thrusting. 
 
 Sword'-fish (sord/-), n. A 
 large fish, having the upper 
 jaw elongated iuto a sword- 
 shaped process. 
 
 Swore, imp. of Swear. 
 
 Sworn, p. p. or p. a. from 
 Sivtar. 
 
 Swum, ITT?/?. & p.p. of Swim. 
 
 Swung, imp. k p. p. of 
 Swing. 
 
 Syc'a-m6re, n. A large tree 
 allied to the common fig ; in 
 England, a large maple ; in 
 America, the plane-tree, or 
 buttonwood. 
 
 Sy-c'o-phan-gy, n. Obsequi- 
 ous flattery ; servility. 
 
 Sy€'o-pliant, n. An obsequi- 
 ous flatterer of princes and 
 great men ; a base parasite. 
 
 Sy€''o-ph3,nt'i€, a. Servilely 
 flattering ; parasitic. 
 
 Sy'e-nite, n. A crystalline 
 rock closely resembling 
 granite. [syllables. 
 
 Syl-lab'i€ (5),a. Relating to 
 
 Syl-lab/i-ca'tion, n. The for- 
 mation of syllables. 
 
 SyPla-ble, n. A letter or 
 combination of letters ut- 
 tered together, or by one im- 
 pulse of the voice. 
 
 Syl'la-bub, n. A drink made 
 of wine and milk. 
 
 Syl'la-bus, n. An abstract. 
 
 Syl'lo-gism, n. A regular 
 argument consisting of three 
 propositions. 
 
 SyFlo-gist'i€, a. Pertaining 
 to, or consisting of, a syllo- 
 gigm. 
 
 Sylph, n. A kind of fairy in- 
 habiting the air. 
 Syl'van, n. A fabled deity 
 
 of the wood; a faun. — a. 
 
 Forest-like ; rural ; rustic. 
 Sym'bol, n. A type, emblem, 
 
 sign, or representation. 
 Sym-bol'i-c, I a. Express- 
 Sym-boPi-e-al, j ing by 
 
 means of symbols or signs. 
 Sym-b61'i€-al-ly, adv. By 
 
 signs ; typically. 
 Sym'bol-Ize (31), v. t. or i 
 
 To represent by a symbol. 
 Sym-met'ri€-al, a. Propor? 
 
 tional in its parts. ; 
 Sym-met'ri-e-al-ly, adv[ 
 
 With due proportions. • i 
 Sym'me-try, n. Adaptation 
 
 of parts to each other or to c 
 
 the whole. 
 Sym^pa-thet'i-e, a. Having, c 
 
 or produced by, sympathy. <3 
 Sym'pa-thize, v. i. To feel 1 
 
 for another. 
 
 Bon, 6r, dg, wolf, tcTo, tcTok ; firn, rye, pull ; 9, ^, soft ; €, g, hard ; a^ ; ejist; y as ng ; tiiia. 
 
SYMPATHY 
 
 264 
 
 TACITUEK 
 
 Sym'pa-tliy, n. Fellow-feel- 
 ing ;, commiseration ; pity. 
 
 Sym-pho'ni-ous, a. Agree- 
 ing in sound ; harmonious. 
 
 Sym'pho-ny, n. Harmony of 
 sounds ; an elaborate musi- 
 cal composition for instru- 
 ments. 
 
 Symp'tom, n. A sign or in- 
 dication, as of disease ; tok- 
 en ; mark ; note. 
 
 Syinp''tom-at'i€, a. Indi- 
 cating the existence of some- 
 thing else. 
 
 Syn-aer'e-sis, ) n. Contrac- 
 
 Syn-er'e-sis, j tion of a 
 word by drawing two vowels 
 together into one syllable. 
 
 Syn'a-gogue (-gog), n. A 
 Jewish place of worship. 
 
 S^n'«hro-nal, ^ a. Hap- 
 
 Syn-ehr6n'i€-al , J pening at 
 
 Syn'-ehro-nous, ) the same 
 time; simultaneous. 
 
 Sj^n'-ehro-nism, w. Concur- 
 rence of two or more events 
 in time. 
 
 Sj^n'€0-pate, r. t. To con- 
 tract by syncope. 
 
 S^n-'-eo-pa'tion, n. Contrac- 
 tion of a word by taking a 
 letter or letters from the 
 middle. 
 
 Syn'€0-pe, n. Retrenchment 
 of one or more letters from 
 
 the middle of a word ; a 
 fainting fit. 
 
 Syn'di-e, n. A magistrate in- 
 vested with different powers 
 in different places. 
 
 Syn-e-eh'do-ehe, «. A figure 
 of rhetoric by which the 
 whole is put for a part, or a 
 part for the whole. 
 
 Syn'od, n. An ecclesiastical 
 council ; a convention. 
 
 Syn-6d'i€, I a. Relating to 
 
 Syn-6d'i-e-al, J a synod. 
 
 Syn'o-nym, )«. Awordhav- 
 
 S^n'o-nyme, jing the same or 
 very nearly the same mean- 
 ing as another. 
 
 Syn-6n'y-mize, v.t. To ex- 
 press in different words of 
 the same meaning. 
 
 Syn-6n'y-inoiis, a. Having 
 the same meaning ; pertain- 
 ing to, or containing, syn- 
 onyms. 
 
 Syn-on'y-my, w. Quality of 
 expressing the same m.ean- 
 ing in different words. 
 
 Syn-6p'sis, w. (y>Z. Syn-6p'- 
 se§). A general view ; an ab- 
 stract ; an epitome. 
 
 Syn-6p'ti€, ) a. Affording a 
 
 Syn-6p'ti€-al, j general view. 
 
 Syn-ta€'ti€, I a. Relating 
 
 Syn-ta-e'ti€-al, I to syntax. 
 
 S^n'tax, ». The arrange- 
 
 mant or construction of 
 
 words in sentences. 
 Syn'the-sis, n. Composition, 
 
 or the putting of two or 
 
 more things together. 
 Syn-thet'i-e, j a. Pertain- 
 Syn-thet'i-e-al, j ing to, or 
 
 consisting in, synthesis. 
 Syn-thet'i-e-al-ly, adv. By 
 
 synthesis ; by composition. 
 Syph'i-lis, n. An infectious 
 
 venerea] disease. 
 Syr'i-a-e, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Syria, or its language. — n. 
 
 The language of Syria. 
 Sy-rin'ga,n. The lilac; also, 
 
 the mock orange. 
 Syr'inge, n. A kind of pipe 
 
 for injecting liquids. — v. t. 
 
 To inject or cleanse by 
 
 means of a syringe. 
 Sys'tem, n. Connected as- 
 semblage of parts or things ; 
 
 regular order or method. 
 Sys'tein-S,t'i<;, a. Pertaining, 
 
 or proceeding according, to 
 
 system ; methodical. 
 Sj?'S''tem-3,t'i€-al-ly, adv. In 
 
 a systematic manner. 
 Sys'tem-a-tize, v. t. To re- 
 duce to system or regular 
 
 method ; to methodize. 
 S^S'to-le, n. The shortening 
 
 of a syllable ; contraction of 
 
 the heart and arteries. 
 
 T. 
 
 TAB, n. A border of lace 
 on the inner front edge 
 of a bonnet. 
 L^b'by, «. Wavy ; watered ; 
 brindled. — n. A wavy or 
 watered silk ; a brindled va- 
 riety of cat. 
 rab'er-na-€le, n. A tent ; a 
 temporary and portable 
 temple of the Jews ; place 
 for keeping some holy or 
 precious thing. — v. i. To 
 reside for a time. 
 T^b'la-ture, n. A painting 
 on a wall and ceiling. 
 
 Ta'ble (18), «. An article of 
 furniture with a flat sur- 
 face ; a board ; fare ; a syn- 
 opsis or schedule. — v. t. To 
 lay on the table ; to post- 
 pone ; to form into a table. 
 
 Tab'leau (tS.hno), n. {pL 
 Tableaux, -loz, 25.) A 
 picture-like representation 
 of some scene by means of 
 persons grouped together; a 
 still pantomime. 
 
 Ta'ble-land, n. Elevated 
 flat land ; a plateau. 
 
 Tab'let, n. A little table; a 
 
 flat surface ; a memoran- 
 dum-book. 
 
 Ta-bdb',n. A religious inter- 
 dict ; a prohibition. — v. t. 
 To forbid approach to or 
 nse of ; to hold sacred. 
 
 Ta'bor, n. A small drum. 
 
 Tab'u-lar, a. Having the 
 form of, or pertaining to, a 
 table. 
 
 T3<g'it, a. Silent ; implied 
 Tag'it-ly, adv. Without 
 
 words ; by implication. 
 Tag'i-turn, a. Habitually si- 
 lent ; reserved ; reticent. 
 
 2,(5,I,o,ti,y,;ong-/a,e,!,6,tt,y, sAorf; care, car, &sk, all, wh^t } ere, vgil,t8rm ; pique, firm j 
 
TACITURNITY 
 
 265 
 
 Tac^i-tur'ni-ty, n. Habitual i Tale, n. A story ; a narrative ; 
 
 silence ; reserve ; reticence, 
 T^ck (5), w. A sort of small 
 nail ; a rope ; course of a ship 
 as to the position of her sails. 
 — V. t. To fasten slightly. 
 
 V. i. To change the 
 
 course of a ship by means 
 of her sails. 
 T§.ck'le(tak/l),n. A machine 
 for raising heavy weights; 
 rigging and apparatus. — v. 
 t. To harness ; to seize. 
 Tack'ling, n. Rigging of a I Talk (tawk),»i 
 
 ship; harness. versation ; rumor. — r. i. 
 
 Ta-et, n. Nice perception or To speak, as in familiar dis- 
 
 skill. [tactics. ! course. 
 
 T^^'ti-e-al, a. Pertaining to ; Talk'a-tive (tawk^-), a. Given 
 Ta€-ti'cian (-tish/an), H. One I to much talking. — Syn. 
 
 ;i number or enumeration, 
 Tale'-bear'er, n. An officious 
 
 informer; a tell-tale. 
 Tal'ent, n. An ancient weight 
 and coin ; intellectual abil-" 
 ity ; faculty. 
 Tal'ent-eU, a. Possessing 
 talents. 
 
 Tal'i§-man (21), n. A magic- 
 al cliaracter; a charm. 
 Tal/i§-man'i€, a. Affording 
 niagical protection. 
 " ■ Familiar con- 
 
 versed in tactics, 
 
 Ta€'ti-es, n. sing. Science 
 and art of disposing mili- 
 tary or naval forces ia order 
 for battle. 
 
 T^-e'tile, a. Capable of being 
 touched. [touch. 
 
 Ta,€t'u-al, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Tad'pole, n. The young of a 
 frog in its first state. 
 
 Taff'rail, n. Upper part of 
 a ship's stern. 
 
 Taf'fe-ta, ) n. A fine glossy 
 
 TS-ffe-ty, ) silk stuff. 
 
 Loquacious ; garrulous. 
 Tall {I), a. High in stature ; 
 
 lofty. [ness. 
 TpJFness, n. Height; lofti- 
 TaPlow, n. Hard fat of an 
 animal, especially of the 
 sheep and the ox. — v. t. 
 To smear with tallow. 
 Tai'15w/-chan/dler, 7J. One 
 
 who makes tallow candles. 
 TS,l'ly, A notched stick 
 for keeping accounts ; a 
 match ; a mate. — v. t. or i. 
 To agree ; to correspond 
 
 Tag, M. A metallic point at : Tal'mud, n. A book of He- 
 the end of a string ; a label. | brew laws and traditions. 
 — V. t. To fit with a point i TaPon, n. The claw of a bird 
 or points. | of prey. [being tamed. 
 
 Tail (4), n. Appendage of an i Tam'a-ble (11), a. Capableof 
 animal behind; back, lower, Tam'a-rmd, n. A tropical 
 or inferior part. tree and its acid fruit. 
 
 Tai'lor, n. One who makes Tam'bpur, n. A small flat 
 men's clothes. drum ; a circular frame for 
 
 Tai'lor-ess,n. A woman who embroidery; a kind of em- 
 makes men's or boys' broidery, 
 clothes. Tam/bpur-me' 
 Taint, v. t. To infect; to (t a m^ boor- 
 contaminate; to corrupt. — een'), n. A 
 n. Infection ; corruption. shallow drum 
 Take, v. t. [imp. took ; p. with only one rp^^J^- 
 p. TAKEN.] To receive ; to skm. 
 
 seize; to catch ; to hold; to Tame, a. Accustomed to 
 
 assume; to convey. — ^^ i. man; gentle; mild. — r. t. 
 
 To have the natural effect ; To reclaim from wildness ; 
 
 to gain reception. to subdue ; to conqner. 
 
 Tak'ing, a. Alluring; at- Tame'ly, a^/f. AVith mean 
 
 tracting. • I submission ; servileness. 
 
 Tal-C (5), n. A soft greenish I Tam'my, n. A glazed woolen 
 
 mineral of a soapy feel. | stuff. 
 
 TAPER 
 
 T^mp, V. t. To fill up, as a 
 hole in blasting. 
 
 T^m'per(8),^•. i. To meddle. 
 
 Tam'pi-on, I n. Stopper of a 
 
 T6m'pi-on, j gun or cannon. 
 
 Tan (7),v. To convert into 
 . leather ; to make or become 
 brown . — w. Bark prepared 
 for tanning; a yellowish- 
 brown color. 
 
 T^n'dem, adv. One behind 
 another ; — said of horses. 
 
 T5,ng, n. A strong taste •, 
 rolisli ; a kind of sea-weed. 
 
 Tan 'gent, n. 
 A right lino 
 which mere- 
 ly touches a 
 curve. 
 
 Tan/gi-bil 'i- 
 ty, n. Qual- c, c, c. Tan- 
 ity of being geuts. 
 tangible. 
 
 Tan'gi-blc,a. Perceptible by 
 the touch ; palpable ; readi- 
 ly apprehensible. 
 
 Tan'gle, To unite together 
 confusedly; to insnare.— 
 n. An intricate knot. 
 Tank, n. A large basin or 
 cistern. 
 
 Tank'ard, n. A large vessel 
 
 for liquors, with a lid. 
 Tan'ner, n. One whose occu- 
 pation is to tan hides. 
 Tan'ner-y , n . House and ap- 
 paratus for tanning. 
 Tan'nin (30), n. The astrin- 
 gent principle of the bark 
 of the ®ak and other trees. 
 Tan'sy, n. A very bitter plant. 
 Tan'ta-llze (31 ), v.t. To tease 
 
 with false hopes. 
 Tan'ta-mount^ a. Equiva- 
 lent in value or signification. 
 Tan'-yard, n. A yard where 
 
 tanning is carried on. 
 Tap, 1'. t. To touch or strik9 
 lightly ; to put a new sole or 
 heel on. — n.A gentle blow ; 
 a spile or pipe for drawing 
 liquor ; a bar. 
 Tape, n. A narrow fillet. 
 Ta'per, n. A small wax can- 
 dle — a. Decreasing regu- 
 larly toward the point. — 
 V. t. or i. To decrease grad- 
 ually toward one end. 
 
 86ii, or, dQ, w^lf, too, to^ok ; tlrn, rije, pull ; 9, ^, 5o/i / g, hard; a^ ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
TAPESTEY 
 
 266 
 
 TEARLESS 
 
 Tap'es-try, n. A kind of 
 woven hangings of wool and 
 silk, often embroidered. 
 
 Tape'-worm (-wurm), w. A 
 broad, flat, many-jointed 
 worm, bred in the intestines. 
 
 Tap^i-o'-ea, n. A starch ob- 
 tained from the roots of a 
 Br^iziiian plant. 
 
 Tap'-house, n. A house 
 wherejiquors are retailed. 
 
 Tap'-rc5bt, n. The chief root. 
 
 Tap'ster, n. One who draws 
 liquors. 
 
 Tar, n. A resinous substance 
 obtained from pine-trees ; a 
 sailor. [See Tarpaulin.] — 
 V. t. To smear with tar. 
 Ta-ran'tu-la, n. A species of 
 spider. [pace. 
 Tar'di-ly, adv. With a slow 
 Tar'di-ness (13), n. Slow- 
 ness of motion; latene.ss. 
 Tar'dy, a. Moving with a 
 
 slow pace or motion ; late. 
 Tarc,n. A troublesome weed ; 
 allowance in weight for the 
 cask or bag. 
 Tar'get, n. A small shield ; a 
 
 marli to shoot at. 
 Tar'iff , n. A table of duties 
 
 or customs on imports. 
 Tar'la-tan, n. A kind of 
 
 thin, transparent muslin. 
 Tiir'nish, v.t. To sully ; to 
 
 lose brightness. 
 Tar-pau'lin, n. Canvas 
 tarred ; a waterproof hat 
 worn by sailors ; a sailor. 
 Tar'ry, v. i. To stay ; to re- 
 main ; to (;ontinue ; to de- 
 lay ; to abide. 
 Tiir'ry, a. Covered with, or 
 
 like, tar. 
 Tart, a. Acid; sharp ; severe. 
 — n. A kind of small open 
 pie. [en cloth. 
 
 Tar'tan,n. A checkered wool- 
 Tar 'tar, n. An acid salt de- 
 posited from wine ; concre- 
 tion on the teeth. 
 Tar-ta're-an, a. Pertaining 
 
 to Tartarus ; hellish. 
 Tar-ta're-ous, I a. Consist- 
 Tar 'tar-ous, j ing of, or 
 
 like, tartar. 
 TsLT-t^v'i^, a. Pertaining to, 
 or obtained from, tartar. 
 
 T'drt^ly, adv. Sharply; sour- 
 ly ; acrimoniously. 
 
 Tart'ness, n. Sharpness; 
 acidity ; acrimony. 
 
 Task, 71. Business imposed ; 
 burdensome employment. — 
 V. t. To impose a task on ; to 
 oppress with burdens. 
 
 Task'-mas^ter, n. One who 
 imposes tasks. 
 
 Tas'sel, n. A pendent orna- 
 ment ending in a fringe. — 
 v.t. {8) To adorn with tas- 
 fsels. 
 
 Taste, V. t. To perceive by 
 the palate ; to eat a little 
 of ; to experience ; to relish. 
 — n. Act or sense of tast- 
 ing ; intellectual relish or 
 discernment ; style ; a kind 
 of narrow ribbon. 
 
 Taste'ful, a. Having a high 
 relish ; exhibiting good 
 taste. [taste. 
 
 Taste'ful-ly, adv. AVith good 
 
 Taste'less, a. Having no 
 taste ; insipid. [taste. 
 
 Tast'i-ly, adv. With good 
 
 Tast'y, a. Having good taste ; 
 according to taste ; elegant. 
 
 Tat'ter, v. t. To rend into 
 rags. — n. A piece torn and 
 hanging ; a rag. 
 
 Tat/ter-de-mal'ioii {-m^V- 
 yun), n. A shabby fellow. 
 
 Tat'tle, V. i. To tell tales or 
 secrets. — n. Idle, trifling 
 tallc or chat ; prate. 
 
 Tat'tler, n. An idle talker. 
 
 Tat-too', n. A beat of drum 
 at night ; figures stained on 
 the skin. — v. t. (15) To 
 stain indelibly, as the skin, 
 by pricking in dye-stuffs. 
 
 Taught (tawt), imp. & p. p. 
 of Teach. — a. See Taut. 
 
 Taunt (tiint), v. t. To insult 
 with reproachful words. — 
 Syn. To deride; mock; re- 
 vile ; insult ; upt3raid. — n. 
 A gilae ; scoff. 
 
 Taut, a. Tight ; stretched. 
 
 Tau'to-16g'i€-al, a. Repeat- 
 ing the same meaning. 
 
 Tau-tol'o-gy, n. Repetition 
 of the same meaning in dif- 
 ferent words. 
 
 Tav'crn, n. A public house 
 
 I kept for the entertainment 
 and accommodation of trav- 
 elers and other guests. 
 
 Tav'ern-keep^er, n. One 
 who keeps a tavern. 
 
 Taw, V. t. To dress and pre- 
 pare in white leather. 
 
 Taw'dri-ly, ac?i5. With excess 
 of finery. 
 
 Taw'dri-ness, n. State of 
 being tawdry ; excessive 
 finery. 
 
 Taw'dry , a. Gaudy in dress; 
 showy without taste. 
 
 Taw'ny, a. Of a dull yellow- 
 ish brown color, like tan. 
 
 Tax, n. A rate assessed on a 
 person for some public use ; 
 task exacted. — v. t. To 
 subject to pay a tax ; to ac- 
 cuse ; to charge. [taxed. 
 
 T^x'a-ble, a. Liable to bo 
 
 Tax-a'tion, n. Act of im- 
 posing taxes ; impost. 
 
 Tax'i-der''my , n. Art of pre- 
 paring the skins of animals, 
 so as to represent their nat- 
 ural appearance. 
 
 Tea, n. A plant, or a decoc- 
 tion of its dried leaves. 
 
 Teach, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 TAUGHT.] To instruct; to 
 inculcate ; to show ; to tell. 
 
 Teach'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being taught ; docile. 
 
 Teach'er, n. An instructor. 
 
 Tea'-€up, n. A small cup to 
 drink tea from. 
 
 Teak, n. An East India tree, 
 and its timber. 
 
 Tea'-ket^tle, n. A kettle to 
 boil water in for making 
 tea. [fowl. 
 
 Teal, n. A web-footed water- 
 Team, n. Two or more horses 
 or oxen harnessed together. 
 
 Team'ster, n. One who 
 drives a team. 
 
 Tea'-p6t, n. A vessel in 
 which tea is made. 
 
 Tear, n. A drop of water or 
 brine from the eyes. 
 
 Tear, v. t. or [imp. tore ; 
 p. p. torn.] To pull asun- 
 der ; to rend ; to lacerate. 
 
 Tear'ful, a. Shedding tears ; 
 weeping. [tears. 
 
 Tear'less, a. Shedding no 
 
 a, ^yi^o^xi^y , long ; i, 6,tl, 
 
 short ; care, car, &sk, g,ll, what ; ere, vgil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
TEASE 
 
 Tea§e, v. t. To comb or card; 
 
 to liarass ; to vex. 
 Tea'§el (tG'zl), n. A burr, or 
 other thing used for raising 
 a nap on woolen cloth. 
 Tea'-spobn, n. A small 
 spoon, used in drinking tea, 
 Teat, n. The nipple. [&c. 
 Te-eh'ni€-al, a. Relating to 
 any art, science, or business. 
 T6€h/ni-cari-ty, n. Quality 
 of being technical ; that 
 which is technical. 
 Te€h/no-16g'i€-al, a. Of, or 
 
 pertaining to, technology. 
 Te-ch-nol'o-gy, n. A treatise 
 
 on the arts. 
 Tech'y, a. Peevish ; fretful. 
 Te€-t6n'i€, a. Pertaining to 
 
 building or construction. 
 Ted'der, n. A tether. 
 Te De'um, n. An ancient 
 
 hymn of thanksgiving. 
 Te'di-ous (or ted^yus), a. 
 Tiresome, from continuance 
 or slowness. —Syn. Weari- 
 some ; irksome ; fatiguing. 
 Tc'di-um, n. Irksomeness. 
 Teem, v. To bring forth, as 
 
 an animal ; to be prolific. 
 Teens, n.p/. Ye;A,rs between 
 
 twefve and twenty. 
 Tee'ter, v. i. To ride on the 
 
 end of a balanced board. 
 Teeth (21), n., pL of Tooth. 
 Teeth, v. i. To breed teeth. 
 Tee-t5'tal, a. Entire ; total. 
 Tee-to'tal-ism, n. Principle 
 
 of strict temperance. 
 Tee-to'tum, n. A kind of top. 
 Teg'u-ment, n. A covering. 
 Tel'e-gram, n. A telegraphic 
 
 message or despatch. 
 T61'e-graph, n. An appara- 
 tus for communicating in- 
 formation rapidly between 
 distant places by signals, 
 TeFe-graph'i€, a. Pertain- 
 ing to a telegraph. 
 Tel'e-s-cope, n. An optical 
 instrument for viewing dis- 
 tant objects. 
 TePe-s-cop'ie, ) a. Per- 
 TeFe-S€6p'i€-al, j taining 
 
 to a telescope. 
 Tell, ^^ t. [imp. & p. p. 
 TOLD.] To count to num- 
 ber ; to relate ; to inform 
 
 267 
 
 V. i. To produce a marked 
 effect. 
 
 Tell'er, n. One who tells ; an 
 officer of a bank who counts 
 over money received, and 
 pays it out on checks. 
 Tell'-tale, n. An officious 
 informer. — a. Telling tales. 
 Te-mer'i-ty, n. Hash bold- 
 ness ; foolhardiness. 
 Tgm'per, n. Constitution of 
 mind ; due mixture ; prone- 
 ness to anger ; state of a 
 metal as to hardness. —r. 
 t. (8) To mix in due propor- 
 tion ; to qualify ; to soften ; 
 to bring to a proper degree 
 of hardness. 
 Tem'per-a-ment, n. Internal 
 constitution ; peculiar phys- 
 ical and mental character. 
 Tem'per-anQe, n. Moderate 
 indulgence of the appetites. 
 Tem'per-ate, a. Moderate ; 
 
 abstemious ; sober. 
 Tem'per-ate-ly, adv. With 
 moderation ; without excess. 
 Tem'per-a-ture, n. State 
 with regard to heat or cold. 
 Tem'pest,n. A violent storm ; 
 
 commotion ; tumult. 
 Tem-pest'u-ous, a. Stormy ; 
 
 violent; turbulent. 
 Tem'plar, n. A student of 
 
 law. [Eng.] 
 Tem'ple, n. An edifice erected 
 to some deity ; a church ; 
 flat part of the head between 
 the forehead and ear. 
 Tem'plet, n. A piece of tim- 
 ber used in building. 
 Tem'po-ral, a. Pertaining to 
 a temple ; pertaining to this 
 life ; secular ; not spiritual. 
 Tem/po-ra,l'i-ty,n. Revenues 
 of an ecclesiastic, derived 
 from lands, tithes, &c. 
 Tem'po-ral-ly, adv. With re- 
 gard to this life. 
 Tem'po-ra-ri-ly (13), adv. 
 
 For a time only. 
 Tem'po-ra-ry, a. Continuing 
 for a time only ; transitory. 
 Tem'po-rize (31), i. To 
 comply with the time or oc- 
 casion. 
 
 Tempt, v.t.To entice to what 
 is wrong ; to lead into evil ; 
 
 TENET 
 
 to venture on. — Syn. To 
 
 allure ; seduce ; solicit. 
 Temp-ta'tion, n. Act of 
 
 tempting ; that which 
 
 tempts ; trial. 
 Tempt'er, n. One who 
 
 tempts, or entices to evil. 
 Ten, a. Twice five ; a decade. 
 Ten'a-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being held. 
 Te-na'cious, a. Holding fast; 
 
 retentive; adhesive. 
 Te-n5,g'i-ty, n. The quality 
 
 of being tenacious. 
 Ten'an-gy, n. A holding or 
 temporary possession of 
 what belongs to another. 
 Ten'ant, n. One who holds 
 lands or tenements of an- 
 other. — v. t. To hold or 
 possess as a tenant. 
 
 Ten'ant-a-ble, a. Fit to bo 
 rented. [tenants. 
 
 Ten'ant-ry, n. A body of 
 
 Tend, v. t. To watch ; to 
 guard ; to move in a certain 
 direction ; to aim at ; to 
 wait on. — v. i. To move ; 
 to aim ; to incline. 
 
 Tend'en-Qy,»?. Drift; direc- 
 tion ; inclination ; course. 
 
 Tend'er, n. A small vessel 
 that attends a larger ; an 
 offer. — V. t. To offer, 
 
 Ten'der, a. Easily impressed 
 or injured ; easily moved to 
 pity, forgiveness, or favor. 
 — Syn. Delicate; soft; 
 mild : humane. 
 
 Ten'der-ly, adv. Gently ; 
 kindly ; softly ; mildly. 
 
 Ten'der-loin, n. A tender 
 part of flesh in the hiud 
 quarter of beef. 
 
 Ten'der-ness,n. Quality of 
 being tender ; softness. 
 
 Ten'di-nous, a. Full of ten- 
 dons ; sinewy. 
 
 Ten'don, n. A hard inse^'^v. 
 sible cord by which a mu 
 cle is attached to a bone. ^ 
 
 Ten'dril, n. A spiral sho 
 or olasper of a vine. q 
 
 Ten'e-ment, n. A house 
 part of a house for the u^^ 
 of one family. ^ ,(3 
 
 Ten'et, n. Opinion ; priv^ 
 ciple ; dogma ; doctrine. 
 
 86n, 6r, dft, w^lf, to-o, to^ok ; to, rue, pijdl ; 9, ^, sqft ; €, g, hard ; ; exist ; Q as ng ; 
 
TENFOLD 
 
 268 
 
 TETRAGON 
 
 Ten'lt31d, a. Teu times as 
 many or much. 
 
 Ten'nis, n. A play with rack- 
 et and ball. 
 
 Ten'on, n. That part of a 
 piece of wood which is cut 
 to enter a mortise. 
 
 Ten'or (33), n. General 
 course ; purport ; higher 
 kind of male voice. 
 
 Tense, a. Strained tight. — 
 n. Form or variation of a 
 verb to express time. 
 
 Tense'ness, w. State of being 
 tense ; stiifness. 
 
 Ten'sion, n. Act or degree 
 of stretching ; stiffness ; elas- 
 tic power. 
 
 Tent, n. A portable lodge or 
 canvas ; a roll of lint or lin- 
 en for surgical use. — v. t. 
 To lodge in a tent ; to cover 
 with tents ; to probe. 
 
 Ten'ta-ele, n. An organ of 
 certain insects for feeling or 
 motion. [al. 
 
 Ten'ta-tive, a. Experiment- 
 
 Tent'ed, a. Covered or fur- 
 nished with tents. 
 
 Ten'ter, n. A frame with 
 hooks for stretching cloth. 
 
 — V. t. To stretch on hooks. 
 Tenth, a. The ordinal often. 
 
 — n. One part in ten ; a 
 tithe. [place. 
 
 Tenth'ly, adv. In the tenth 
 Te-nu'i-ty, n. Thinness ; 
 
 slenderness ; subtil ty. 
 Ten'u-ous, a. Thin ; slender ; 
 
 small ; rare ; subtile. 
 Ten'ure, n. Act, right, or 
 
 manner, of holding. 
 Tep/e-f^c'tion, n. Act of 
 
 warming. 
 Tgp'id, a. Moderately warm. 
 Te'por, n. Gentle heat. 
 Ter'a-phim, n. pi. House- 
 . hold deities. 
 
 Jir'e-binth, n. The turpen- 
 tine tree. 
 
 ■Sr/gi-ver-sa'tion (ter/jl-), 
 "n. A shifting; subterfuge. 
 3rm, n. A boundary ; limit- 
 ed time ; word ; condition ; 
 Jtime of session. — v. t. To 
 J call ; to name, 
 •er'ma-gan-gy, n. Turbu- 
 lence. 
 
 Ter'ma-gant, n. A brawl- 
 ing, turbulent woman. — a. 
 Quarrelsome; shrewish. 
 
 Ter'mi-na-ble, a. Capable of 
 being bounded or ended. 
 
 Ter'mi-nal, a. Ending ; form- 
 ing the end. 
 
 Ter'mi-nate, v. t. To set 
 the limit to ; to put an end 
 to. — Syn. To limit; com- 
 plete ; finish ; bound. — -y. i. 
 To end ; to close. 
 
 Ter^mi-na'tion, n. Limit ; 
 bound ; end ; result. 
 
 Ter/mi-n61'o-gy, n. A trea- 
 tise on terms ; terms used ; 
 nomenclature. 
 
 Ter'mi-nus, n. (pL Ter'mi- 
 m, 25.) A boundary ; a 
 boundary-stone ; either end 
 of a railroad. [ant. 
 
 Ter'mite (18), n. The white 
 
 Ter'na-ry, a. Proceeding by 
 threes. — n. Three. 
 
 Ter'rage (18), n. A raised 
 bank of earth ; a flat roof. 
 
 Ter'ra Cot'ta. A kind of pot- 
 tery made from fine clay. 
 
 T6r'ra-pin, n. A large kind 
 of turtle or tortoise. 
 
 Ter-ra'que-ous, a. Composed 
 of land and water. 
 
 Ter-rene', a. Terrestrial ; 
 earthly. 
 
 Ter-res'tri-al, a. Belonging 
 to the earth ; earthl3^ 
 
 Ter'ri-ble, a. Fitted to excite 
 terror. — Syn. Fearful ; 
 frightful ; formidable ; aw- 
 ful ; shocking. 
 
 Ter'ri-bly, adv. Frightfully. 
 
 Ter'ri-er, n. A dog that pur- 
 sues game into holes. 
 
 Ter-nf'i€, a. Adapted to ex- 
 cite terror; dreadful. 
 
 Ter'ri-fy, v. t. To frighten. 
 
 Ter^ri-to'ri-al, a. Pertain- 
 ing to territory. 
 
 Ter'ri-to-ry, n. A tract of 
 land ; a district of country. 
 
 Ter'ror, n. Great fear; dread. 
 
 TSr'ror-i§m, n. A state im- 
 pressing terror. 
 
 Terse, a. Elegantly concise. 
 
 Terse'ly, adv. Neatly and 
 concisely. 
 
 Terse'ness, n. Smoothness 
 and compactness. 
 
 j Ter'tian (ter^shan), a. Hap- 
 I pening every third day. 
 
 Ter'ti-a-ry (tCr/shi-a-ry), a. 
 I Third; of the third forma- 
 I tion, rank, or order. 
 ' Tes'sel-ate, v. t. To form 
 
 into, or lay with, checkered 
 
 work. 
 
 Tes/sel-a'tion, n. Mosaic 
 work, or the making of it. 
 
 T6st, n. A cupel to try met- 
 als ; critical examination or 
 trial; standard. — v. t. To 
 try by a fixed standard ; to 
 put to proof. 
 
 Tes-ta'cean, n. A shell-fish, 
 especially mo Husks. 
 
 Tes-ta'ceous, a. Having a 
 hard, continuous shell, as 
 the oyster or clam. 
 
 Test'a-ment, n. A will ; one 
 of the two general divisions 
 of the Scriptures. 
 
 Test'a-ment'a-ry, a. Relat- 
 ing to, or bequeathed by, a 
 will or testament. 
 
 Test'ate, a. Having made 
 and left a will. 
 
 Tes-ta'tor, n. One who 
 leaves a will. 
 
 Tes-ta'trix,7i. A female tes- 
 tator. 
 
 Tes'ter, n. Top covering of a 
 bed. 
 
 Tes'ti-€le, n. A gland that 
 secretes seminal fluid. 
 
 Tes'ti-fy, v. t. To give testi- 
 mony ; to bear witness. 
 
 Tes'ti-ly, adv. Peevishly. 
 
 Tes^ti-mo'ni-al, n. A certif- 
 icate of good character or 
 conduct. 
 
 Tes'ti-mo-ny, n. Affirma- 
 tion in proof of some fact. 
 — Syn. Evidence; proof. 
 
 Tes'ti-ness, n. Peevishness. 
 
 Tes'ty, a. Peevish ; fretful. 
 
 Tet'a-nus,n. The locked-jaw. 
 
 Tete-a-tete (tat-ii-tatO, n. 
 Lit. , head to head ; hence, 
 private conversation ; a form 
 of sofa for two persons. 
 
 Tgth'er, v. t. To confine with 
 a rope, as a horse. — n. A 
 rope or chain to confine a 
 beast in a field. 
 
 Tet'ra-gon, n. A figure with 
 four angles ; a quadrangle. 
 
 \ 0,1,0, u,y,Zo/ig-; 5, e, 
 
 y, sliort ; care, ciir, ask, ,ill, wh^t ; ere, veil, term ; pYque, firm ; 
 
TETRAHEDRON 
 
 269 
 
 THICK 
 
 Tet^ra-he'dron, n. 
 A solid figure iui- 
 closed by four 
 equal triangles. 
 
 Te-tram'e-ter, n. 
 A verse consisting 
 of four measures. Tetrahe- 
 
 Te'trar€h, n. A drons. 
 Roman governor of the 
 fourth part of a province. 
 
 Te-trar€h'ate, ) n. Office or 
 
 Tet'rar-ch-y, ) jurisdiction 
 of a totrarch. [four verses. 
 
 Te-tras'ti-eh, n. A poem of 
 
 Tet'ter, n. A cutaneous dis- 
 ease, causing a troublesome 
 itching. 
 
 Teu-tdn'i€, a. Relating to the 
 ancient Germans. 
 
 Text, n. A passage of Script- 
 ure selected as the subject of 
 discourse ; composition on 
 which a note is written. 
 
 Text'-book, 71. A manual of 
 instruction ; a school-book. 
 
 Text'-hand, n. A large kind 
 of writing. [by weaving. 
 
 Tex'tile, «. Woven; formed 
 
 Text'u-al, a. Pertaining to, 
 or contained in, the text. 
 
 Text'u-al-ist, I n. One versed 
 
 Text'u-a-ry, I in Scripture. 
 
 T6xt'ure,n. Manner of weav- 
 ing ; fabric formed by weav- 
 ing. 
 
 Th3,n, conj. A particle ex- 
 pressing comparison. 
 
 Thane, n. An Anglo-Saxon 
 baron or dignitary. 
 
 Thank, v. t. To express 
 gratitude to for a favor. 
 
 Thank'ful (17), a. Full of 
 gratitude. 
 
 Thank'ful-ly, adv. In a 
 thankful manner ; grateful- 
 ly, [tude. 
 
 Thank 'ful-ness, n. Grati- 
 
 Thank'less, a. Unthankful; 
 ungrateful. 
 
 Thanks, n. pi. Expression 
 of gratitude. 
 
 Thanks'giv-ing, n. Act of 
 giving thanks ; a day for 
 publicly expressing grati- 
 tude to God. 
 
 Thank'-wor'thy (-wQr/th5'0, 
 a. Deserving thanks. 
 
 Th3,t, pron. referring to some- 
 
 thing before mentioned or j 
 understood, or to something I 
 more remote ; who ; which, i 
 — co7ij. introducing a cause 
 or consequence. 
 Thatch, n. Straw for covering 
 a roof. — V. t. To cover with 
 straw, reeds, or the like. 
 Thaw, V. i. or t. To melt as 
 ice or snow. — n. The melt- 
 ing of ice or snow. 
 Tho,, definite article, or defini- 
 tive a. denoting a particular 
 person or thing. 
 The'a-ter \ (29), n. A place 
 The'a-tre j for dramatic ex- 
 hibitions, &c. ; region of 
 operations of an army. 
 The-at'ri€, ) a. Pertain- 
 The-^t'ri€-al, J ing to, or 
 
 suiting, a theater. 
 Thee, pron. Objective case 
 
 singular of Tkou. 
 Theft, n. A felonious taking 
 of property ; act of stealing ; 
 thing stolen. 
 Their (tiiar), a. j?ron. Belong- 
 ing to them. 
 Tiieirg, a. pron. Of them. 
 The'igm, n. Belief in a per- 
 sonal God. 
 The'ist, n. One who believes 
 
 in a personal God. 
 The-ist'i€, la. Pertaining 
 The-ist'i€-al, j to theism. 
 Tiicm, pron. Objective case 
 
 of Tliey. 
 Theme, n. Subject or topic ; 
 
 essay ; a radical verb. 
 Them-selves', yvroji.,- pi. of 
 
 himse'f, herself, or itself. 
 Then, adv. At that time ; 
 afterward ; therefore. — conj. 
 In that case. 
 Thenge,arfy. From that place 
 
 or time. 
 Thenge 'forth, ) adv. 
 Thenge-tor'ward, j From 
 
 that time onward. 
 The-o-e'ra-gy, n. A govern- 
 ment immediately directed 
 by God. 
 The/o-erat'i€-al, a. Relating 
 
 to theocracy. 
 The-6d'0-lite, n. An instru- 
 ment used in surveying. 
 The^o-16'gi-an, 71. One versed 
 in theology ; a divine. 
 
 Thc/o-16g'i€, 1 a. Pertain- 
 
 Thc'o-log'i-c-al, j ing to 
 theology. 
 
 The-61'o-gy, n. The science 
 of God and divine things. 
 
 The-or'bo, 71. A musical in- 
 strument like a large lute. 
 
 The'o-rem, n. A statement 
 of a principle to be demon- 
 strated. 
 
 The'o-ret'i€, ) a. Pertain- 
 
 The/o-r6t'i€-al, ) ing to 
 theory ; speculative ; nok 
 practical. 
 
 The/o-ret'i€-al-ly, adv. In 
 theory. [theorizing. 
 
 The'o-rist, n. One given to 
 
 The'o-rize, v. i. To form 
 theories ; to speculate. 
 
 The'o-ry (10), n. Specula- 
 tion ; scheme ; science as 
 distinct from art. 
 
 Ther/a-peu'ti€, a. Pertain- 
 ing to the heaUng art ; cur- 
 ative, [place. 
 
 There (tliar), adv. In that 
 
 Tiiere^a-bout', adv. Near 
 that place or number. 
 
 Tiiere-af t'er, adv. After that. 
 
 There-at', adv. At that place ; 
 on that account. 
 
 Thcre-by', adv. By that ; for 
 that cause. 
 
 There'fore (ttier^'for orthar'- 
 tor), adv. For this or that 
 reason ; consequently, [this. 
 
 Thcre-in', adv. In that or 
 
 Tii§re-6f' (-off/ or -6v/), adu. 
 Of that or this. [this. 
 
 Tiiere-6n', adv. On that or 
 
 There'up-bn', adv. Upon 
 that or this. 
 
 There-with' (or -with/), adv. 
 With that or this. 
 
 Ther'mal, a. Warm ; tepid. 
 
 Ther-mom'e-ter, n. An in- 
 strument for measuring tem- 
 perature. 
 
 Thgr/mo-met'ri-c-al, a. Pt^^ 
 taining to a thermometer. 
 
 Thc-sau'rus, n. A treasurv^ 
 a storehouse of informatioi 
 
 Tiiese, pron. ; pi of Thi?. q 
 
 The'sis, n. {pi. The'ses, 2' 
 A theme ; an essay. 
 
 Tiiey, pro7i. ; pi. of he, 
 or it. 
 
 Thick, a. Not thin ; dense 
 
 Bon, or, d9, wglf, too, tdbk ; tirn, rije, p\ill ; 9, ^, soft; e. g, hard; ; exist ; e as ng ; thi^i 
 
THICKEN 
 
 270 
 
 THROW 
 
 close; gross. — adv. Close- 
 ly ; in quick succession. — 
 n. The thickest part. 
 
 Thick'en (thik-'n), v. t. or i. 
 To make or become thick. 
 
 Thick'et, n. A collection of 
 trees or shrubs closely set. 
 
 Thick'ly, adv. Closely ; 
 densely ; deeply. 
 
 Thick'ness, n. The state of 
 being thick ; denseness. 
 
 Thick'-set, a. Close planted; 
 having a short, thick body. 
 
 Thief (20), »t. One who steals. 
 
 Thieve, v. i. To steal or 
 practice theft ; to pilfer. 
 
 Thiev'er-y, n. The practice 
 of stealing; theft. 
 
 Thiev'ish, a. Given to theft. 
 
 Thigh (thi), n. Part of the 
 leg above the knee. 
 
 Tliill§, n. pi. Shafts of a 
 wagon or other carnage. 
 
 Thim'ble, n. A metal cap for 
 the finger in sewing. 
 
 Thin, a. Not thick ; lean ; 
 slender. — v. t. To make 
 thin or thinner ; to dilute ; 
 to attenuate; to rarefy. 
 
 Thine, a. Belonging to thee. 
 
 Thing, n. An inanimate ob- 
 ject ; whatever exists; event 
 or action. 
 
 Think, v. i. or t. [imp. & p. 
 THOUGHT.] To have 
 ideas ; to reflect ; to im- 
 agine ; to judge. 
 
 Third, a. Next after the sec- 
 ond. — n. A third part ; an 
 interval of three tones in 
 music; {pi.) the third part 
 of an estate to which a widow 
 is entitled by law. 
 
 Third'ly, adv. In the third 
 place. 
 
 Thirsty n. Desire of drink. — 
 V. i. 'io feel a want of drink ; 
 t© long. 
 
 .'hirst'y, a. Suffering from 
 
 want of drink ; dry ; parched. 
 
 hir'teen, a. Ten and three. 
 
 hir'teenth, a. Ordinal of 
 
 thirteen ; third after tenth, 
 -hir'ti-eth, a. Next after the 
 
 29th ; being one of 80 equal 
 
 parts of a thing. 
 
 hir'ty, a. Tlirice ten. 
 -his, pron. (pi. These.) de- 
 
 nothig something present or 
 
 near in place or time. 
 This'lle (thisa), n. A prickly 
 
 plant of several genera. 
 Thitii'er, adv. To that place, 
 
 point, or result. 
 Thi'th'er-v/ard, adv. Toward 
 
 that place. 
 Thole, n. A pin in the gun- 
 wale of a boat, to keep the 
 
 oar in place. 
 Th6ng, n. A strap of leather. 
 The 'rax, n. Cavity of the 
 
 chest. 
 
 Thorn, n. A prickly tree or 
 shrub ; a spine ; a prickle. 
 
 Thorn'y, a. Full of thorns. 
 
 Thor'ough (thur/o), a. Pass- 
 ing through ; complete. 
 
 Thor'ough-fare (thur^o-), n. 
 A passage. 
 
 Thor'ough-ly (thttr/o-), adv. 
 Completely. 
 
 Thor'ough-wort {thttr^o- 
 wQrt), n. A medicinal plant. 
 
 T-ho§e, pron. ; pi. of That. 
 
 Th.OM^pron. denoting the per- 
 son addressed. 
 
 Th5ugh (tiio), adv. & conj. 
 Granting ; admitting ; allow- 
 ing ; however. 
 
 Thought (thjiwt), imp. & p. 
 p. of Think '.— n. That which 
 the mind thinks ; idea ; con- 
 ception ; reflection ; notion. 
 
 Thought'ful (thawt/-), a. 
 Given to thought; contem- 
 plative ; meditative. 
 
 Thoughtless (thawt^-), a. 
 Heedless ; careless. [dred. 
 
 Thou'sand, a. or n. Ten hun- 
 
 Thou'gandth, a. Ordinal of 
 thousand. 
 
 ThralPdom ) (9), n. Slavery ; 
 
 Thral'dom ) bondage. 
 
 Thrash, v. t. To beat out 
 grain from ; to beat sound- 
 ly ; to drub. 
 
 Thread, n. A small twist of 
 silk, cotton, flax, &c. ; a 
 filament. — v. t. To put a 
 thread in ; to pass through. 
 
 Thread'bare, a. out ; \ 
 
 common ; trite ; stale. 
 
 Threat, n. Denunciation of 
 ill ; menace. [menace. 
 
 Threaten (thret/n), v. t. To 
 
 Threat'cn-ing, a. Indicating! 
 
 a threat or some danger; 
 imndnent ; impending. 
 
 Three, a. Two and one. 
 
 Three'fold, a. Thrice re- 
 peated ; consisting of three. 
 
 Three'penge (thrlp/ens), n. 
 A coin worth three pennies. 
 
 Three's-eore, a. Thrice 
 twenty ; sixty. 
 
 Thresh, v. t. To thrash. 
 
 Thresh'old, n. The door sill; 
 entrance ; gate. 
 
 Threw (thrij), imp. of Throw. 
 
 Thrige, adv. Three times. 
 
 Thrid, V. t. To slide or pass 
 through ; to thread. 
 
 Thrift, n. Wise management; 
 economy ; prosperity. 
 
 Thrift'less, a. Extravagant ; 
 prodigal ; profuse. 
 
 Thrift'y, a. Thriving by in- 
 dustry. — Syn. Frugal ; 
 careful ; economical. 
 
 Thrill, V. t. To pierce. — v. i. 
 To feel a sharp tingling sen- 
 sation. — n. A warbling ; a 
 shivering or sharp tingling 
 sensation. 
 
 Thrive, i'. i. [imp. thrived; 
 
 p.p. THRIVED, THRIVEN.] 
 To prosper by industry. 
 
 Thriv'ing (11), a. Flourish- 
 ing ; prosperous. 
 
 Throat, n. Fore part of the 
 neck or something similar. 
 
 Thr6b, v. i. To beat forcibly ; 
 to palpitate. — n. A strong 
 pulsation. 
 
 Throe, n. Extreme pain 
 anguish ; agony. 
 
 Throne, n. A royal seat. 
 
 Throng, n. A crowd of peo- 
 ple ; a multitude. — v. i. or 
 t. To crowd together. 
 
 Throt'tle, n. The Avindpipe. 
 
 — v. i. or t. To choke. 
 Thr pugh ( th r (To ) , ;7/-f;7 . From 
 
 ey(d to end of ; by means of. 
 
 — tidv. From one end or 
 side to the other; to the 
 end ; to the ultimate pur- 
 pose. 
 
 Thrpugh-out' (thrcfo-outO, 
 prep. Quite through. — 
 adv. In every part. 
 
 Throve, imp. of Thrive. 
 
 Thr5w, V. t. [imp. turhw ; 
 p. p. THROWN.] To fling ; 
 
 , I, o, u, y, long ; ii, C, i, 6, ii , 5', short ; care, car, ask, wh^t f ere, veil, tSrm ; pi'que, firm ; 
 
TIIRUM 
 
 271 
 
 TINE 
 
 to cast ; to toss ; to hurl ; to 
 
 send ; to turn ; to twist. — 
 
 n. A cast ; a fall. 
 Thrum, n. Eud of a weaver's 
 
 thread. —V. t. To insert 
 
 tufts in. — V. i. To play 
 
 coarsely or rudely. 
 Thrush, n. A singing bird ; 
 
 nlcer.s in the mouth. 
 Thrust, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 
 THRUST.] To push or drive 
 
 ■svith force ; to urge ; to stab. 
 
 — n. A violent push. 
 Thug, n. One of a religious 
 
 association of robbers and 
 
 assassins in India. 
 Thumb (thQm), n. The short 
 
 thick finger, —v.t. To soil 
 
 or wear with the thumb or 
 
 the fingers. 
 Thump, V. To strike or beat 
 
 with something thick or 
 
 heavy. — n. A heavy, dull 
 
 blow. 
 
 Thun'der, n. Sound which 
 follows lightning. — v. i. To 
 discharge electrical fluid 
 with noise. _ [lightning. 
 
 Thun'der-bolt, w. A shaft of 
 
 Thun'der-show/er, n. A 
 shower accompanied with 
 thunder. 
 
 Thun'der-struck, a. As- 
 tonished; amazed. 
 
 Thur§'day, n. The fifth 
 day of the week, [manner. 
 
 Thus (2), adv. So ; in this 
 
 Thwack, v. t. To beat ; to 
 bang. — n. A heavy blow ; 
 a thump. 
 
 Thwart, v. t. To cross ; to 
 oppose. — a. Being across. 
 
 Thy, a. Belonging to thee. 
 
 Thyme (tlm), n. A plant. 
 
 Th^-self, pron. An empha- 
 sized form of Thou. 
 
 diadem ; the 
 pope's triple 
 crown. 
 Tick, n. Credit ; 
 an insect ; a' 
 
 slight noise ; a Tiara, 
 case for feathers. — v. i. To 
 run upon credit. 
 Tick'en, \n. Cloth for bed- 
 Tick'ing, J ticks. 
 Tick'et, n. A piece of paper 
 
 entitling to some right or 
 privilege. — v. t. To mark 
 or distinguish by a ticket. 
 
 Tick'le, V. t. To excite a 
 peculiar thrilling sensation 
 by the touch ; to please. 
 
 Tick'lish, a. Easily tickled ; 
 liable to totter and fall at 
 the slightest touch. 
 
 TId'al, a. Relating to tides. 
 
 Tid'bit, 71. A delicate piece of 
 any thing eatable ; a dainty. 
 
 Tide, n. The ebb or flow of 
 the waters of the ocean. 
 
 Tide'-wait'er, n. An officer 
 who watches the landing of 
 goods, to secure the pay- 
 ment of duties. 
 
 Ti'di-ly (13), adv. With neat- 
 ness and simplicity. 
 
 Ti'dings, n. pi. News ; intel- 
 ligence"; information. 
 
 Ti'dy, a. Neat and simple. — 
 n. A pinafore ; a cover for 
 the back of a chair, &c. 
 
 Tie (12), V. t. To bind ; to 
 fasten. — n. A knot ; an ob- 
 ligation ; bond; equality, as 
 of votes. 
 
 Tier, n. One of two or more 
 rows, one above another. 
 
 Tierge (or terss), n. A cask 
 or measure holding forty- 
 two wine gallons. 
 
 Tiff, n. A small draught of 
 liquor ; a fit of anger, [silk. 
 
 Tif fa-ny, n. A kind of thin 
 
 Ti'ger, n. An j-* 
 Asiatic beast ^^^^^^ 
 
 Compact; 
 
 close ; tense. Tiger. 
 Tighten (tit/n), v. t. To 
 
 make tight or more tight. 
 TIght'ly (tit/-), adv. Closely. 
 Ti'gress, n. A female tiger. 
 Til'bu-ry, n. A kind of gig 
 
 without a top. 
 Tile, n. A thin piece of baked 
 
 clay for covering buildings, 
 
 for floors, &c. — v. t. To 
 
 cover with tiles. 
 Till, n. A money box in a 
 
 shop. — prep. Up to the 
 
 time of. — V. t. To plow and 
 
 dress, as land ; to cultivate. 
 Till'age, n. Culture of land. 
 
 Till'er, n. Handle of a rud- 
 der ; a husbandman ; sprout 
 from a root or stump. — v. i. 
 To put forth sprouts from 
 the root or stump. 
 
 Tilt, n. An awning ; a thrust ; 
 a military exei'cise ; a largo 
 hammer. — v.t. To inchne 
 to thrust, as a lance ; to 
 hammer or forge. — v. i. To 
 thrust with a lance ; to 
 fight ; to lean or fall. 
 
 Tilt'-ham'mer, n. A heavy- 
 hammer in iron works. 
 
 Tim'ber, n. Wood for build- 
 ing, for tools, furniture, 
 &c. ; a beam. — v. t. To 
 furnish with timber. 
 
 Tim'brel,7i. A kind of drum. 
 
 Time, n. A particular part 
 of duration ; season ; age ; 
 period ; the present life ; 
 repetition ; measure of 
 sound. — v.t. To adapt to 
 the occasion ; to mark the 
 time of. 
 
 Time'-keep'er, n. A clock or 
 watch ; a time-piece. 
 
 Time'ly, a. In good time ; 
 Reasonable. — adv. Early ; 
 in good time. 
 
 Time'-piege, n. A clock or 
 watch ; a time-keeper. 
 
 Tlme'-serv'er, n. One who 
 complies with the times ; a 
 temporizer ; a trimmer. 
 
 Time'-serv'ing, a. Obsequi- 
 ously complying with pre- 
 vailing opinions. 
 
 Tim'id, a. Wanting courage. 
 — Syn. Fearful ; timorous ; 
 cowardly ; pusillanimous. 
 
 Ti-mid'i-ty, n. Want of 
 courage. [id. 
 
 Tim'o-rous, a. Fearful ; tim- 
 
 Tin, 71. A soft white metal ; 
 a thin plate of iron covered 
 with tin. —V. t. To cover 
 with tin. 
 
 Tin^'al. n. Crude borax. 
 
 Tin-et'ure, n. Spirituous so- 
 lution of a substance ; tinge 
 or shade of color. — v.t. To 
 tinge ; to imbue. 
 
 Tin'der, n. Something very 
 inflammable, for kindling 
 fire from a spark. 
 
 Tine, n. A tooth or prong. 
 
 fl6n, or, dQ, W9lf, to-Q, took ; <irn, r«e, pi;ll; soft ; g, hard; ; epst ; D as ng ; this. 
 
TIN-FOIL 
 
 272 
 
 TOMB 
 
 Tin'-foil, n. Tin reduced to 
 
 a, thin leaf. 
 Ting, V. t. To tinkle. 
 Tinge, n. A color ; dye ; 
 
 tincture; slight taste. — v. t. 
 
 To color ; to dye ; to stain ; 
 
 to imbue. 
 Tin'gle (ting/gl), V. i. To 
 
 feel a sharp thrilling or 
 
 pricking sensation. 
 Tink'er, n. One who mends 
 
 vessels of metal. — v. To 
 
 mend, as metal wares. 
 Tink'le, v. i. To make small, 
 
 quick, sharp sounds, as by 
 
 striking on metal. 
 Tink'ling, n. A small, quick, 
 
 sharp metallic sound. 
 Tin'man, \n. One who deals 
 Tin'ner, j in tin. 
 Tin'ny, a. Relating to, or 
 
 like, tin. 
 Tin'sel, n. A shining materi- 
 al, more gay than valuable. 
 
 — a. Gaudy ; showy to ex- 
 cess. — V. t. (8) To adorn 
 with tinsel. 
 
 Tint, n. A slight coloring. 
 
 — V. t. To give a slight 
 coloring to ; to tinge. 
 
 Ti'ny, a. Yery small ; minute. 
 Tip, n. The end ; the point. 
 
 — V. t. To form a point 
 upon ; to lower one end of, 
 as of a cart. 
 
 Tip'pet, n. A covering of fur 
 for the neck. 
 
 Tip'ple, V. i. To drink strong 
 liquors habitually. 
 
 Tip'pler, n. An habitual 
 drinker of strong liquors. 
 
 Tip'staff , n. A constable. 
 
 Tip'sy, a. Partially intoxi- 
 cated ; half drunk. 
 
 Tip't5e, n. The tip or end 
 of the toe. 
 
 Ti-rade', n. A strain of 
 violent invective or decla- 
 mation. 
 
 Tire, n. A row or rank ; a 
 band of iron for a wheel. — 
 V. t. or i. To weary or be- 
 come weary. 
 
 TTr'cd, a. Fatigued ; weary. 
 
 Tire 'some, a. Tedious ; fa- 
 tiguing; wearisome. 
 
 TIre's6me-ness, n. Tedi- 
 ousness. 
 
 Tis'sue (tish/shTj), n. Cloth 
 interwoven with gold or 
 silver ; union or texture of 
 anatomical elements ; a con- 
 nected series. [titmouse. 
 
 Tit, n. A small horse ; a 
 
 Tit'bit, n. See Tidbit. 
 
 Tithe, w. Tenth of any thing. 
 
 — V. t. To tax to the 
 amount of a tenth. 
 
 Tith'ing-man (21), n. A 
 
 parish oliicer ; a kind of 
 
 constable. 
 Tit'il-late, v. t. To tickle. 
 Tit^il-la'tion, n. Act of tick- 
 
 hng ; any slight pleasure. 
 Ti'tle, n. An inscription ; 
 
 right ; appellation of honor. 
 
 — V. t. To name ; to call. 
 Tit 'mouse (21), n. A small 
 
 perching bird. 
 Tit'ter, v. i. To laugh with 
 the tongue against the up- 
 per teeth, or with restraint. 
 
 — n. A restrained laugh. 
 Tit'tle, n. A minute part ; 
 
 a point ; a dot ; a jot. 
 
 Tit'tlc-tataicn. Idle, trifling 
 talk ; an idle talker. 
 
 Tit'u-lar , a. Existing in name 
 only ; nominal. 
 
 Tit'u-la-ry, a. Pertaining to, 
 or consisting in, a title ; 
 nominal. 
 
 To, prep, indicating approach 
 and arrival, or motion, 
 course, or tendency, [reptile. 
 
 T5ad, n. A small well-known 
 
 Toad'stdbl, n. A fungous 
 plant ; a mushroom. 
 
 Toast, V. t. To dry and 
 scorch at the fire ; to drink 
 to the health or in honor 
 of. — n. Bread dried and 
 scorched ; a name or senti- 
 ment, &c., honored by 
 drinking. 
 
 To-ba€'€0, n. A plant used 
 for smoking and chewing. 
 
 To-ba€'-eo-nist, n. A dealer 
 in, or a manufacturer of, to- 
 bacco. 
 
 T6€'sin, n. An alarm-bell. 
 Tod, n. Twenty-eight pounds. 
 To-day', n. This present 
 
 day. — adv. On this day. 
 Tod'dle, V. i. To walk with 
 
 short steps, as a child. 
 
 T6d'dy, n. A mixture of 
 spirit and water sweetened. 
 
 Toe(18),n. One of the extrem- 
 ities of the foot. — V. t, (11) 
 To touch with the toes. 
 
 To-getii'er, adv. In the same 
 place or time; in company. 
 
 Tog'gle-joint, n. An r^] 
 elbow or knee joint. l7 
 
 Toil,^. t. To work hard. // 
 — n. (4) Hard labor; w 
 a net or snare. Vi 
 
 Toi'let, n. A dressing 
 table ; dress ; attire. Toggle- 
 
 ToiPsome, a. Labori- joint, 
 ous ; wearisome. 
 
 To-kay', n. Wine made at 
 Tokay, in Hungary. 
 
 To'ken (to^kn), n. Some- 
 thing intended to represent 
 another thing. — Syn. Sign ; 
 note ; symbol ; badge. 
 
 Told, imp. & p. p. of Tell. 
 
 Tole, V. t. To allure by bait. 
 
 T61'er-a-ble, a. Capable of 
 being endured ; passable. 
 
 T61'er-a-bly, adv. Moder- 
 ately well ; passably. 
 
 Tdl'er-ange, n. Act of en- 
 during; toleration. 
 
 T61'er-ant, a. Inclined to 
 tolerate ; indulgent. 
 
 T6Per-ate, v. t. To allow by 
 not hindering ; to suffer. 
 
 T6Per-a'tion, n. Act of tol- 
 erating ; sufferance. 
 
 Toll (1), w. A tax for some 
 liberty or privilege ; a mill- 
 er's portion of grain for 
 grinding; sound of a bell 
 rung slowly. — v. To ring 
 with slow and uniform 
 strokes. 
 
 ToU'-bridge, n. A bridge 
 where toll is paid for passing. 
 
 Toll'-gate, n. A gate where 
 toll is paid. 
 
 Toll'-house, n. A house 
 where toll is taken. 
 
 T6m'a-hawk, n. An Indian 
 war-hatchet. — v. t. To cut 
 or kill with a tomahawk. 
 
 To-ma'to, or To-ma'to ( pi. 
 To-ma'toes, -ma^- or 
 -m.V-, 18), n. A garden-plant 
 and its fruit. 
 
 Tomb (t(Tc)m), n. A grave; 
 a vault for the dead. 
 
 a 5, T, 6, u, y,Zong-/ 5,6,1,6, II, 
 
 L, y, short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 
TOMBOY 
 
 273 
 
 TOUCHY 
 
 TSm'boy, n. A romping girl. 
 
 Tomb'stone (tobm''ston), n. 
 A stone at a grave. 
 
 Tome, n. A ponderous vol- 
 ume* 
 
 To-m6r'r6w, n. Day after 
 the present. — adv. On the 
 day after this. 
 
 T6m'titj n. The titmouse* 
 
 T6n, n. Prevailing fashion. 
 
 Ton (tan), n. Weight of 2000 
 gross, or 2240 pounds ; 40 
 cubic feet. 
 
 Tone,M; Sound or character 
 of a sound ; iutiection ; 
 ■whine ; strength ; vigor ; 
 spirit, — v. t. To utter with 
 a kind of whine ; to tune. 
 
 T6ng§, n. pi. Instrument to 
 handle fire or heated metals, 
 and for other purposes. 
 
 Tongue (tung),w. The organ 
 of taste and speech, orBome- 
 thing resembling it j a lan- 
 guage ; speech. 
 
 Tongue'-tied (tung^-), a. 
 Unable to speak freely. 
 
 T6n'i-e, a. Increasing 
 strength. — n. A medicine 
 that increases the strength. 
 
 To-night' {-nW), n. This 
 very night* 
 
 Tdn'nage (tSn^j), n. Amount 
 of tons ; duty by the ton. 
 
 Tdn'sil, n. One of two glands 
 in the throat. 
 
 Ton'sure (-shi^r), n. Act of 
 shaving the crown of the 
 head ; state of being shorn. 
 
 Ton-fine' (-teen/), n. An an- 
 nuity or survivorship. 
 
 Too, adv. Over; more than 
 enough ; also. 
 
 Took, imp. of Take. 
 
 Tool, n. An instrument ; a 
 hireling. [iar sound. 
 
 Toot, V. i. To make a pecul- 
 
 Tdbth (21), n. A small bone 
 attached to the jaw for chew- 
 ing ; a prong. — v. t. To in- 
 dent ;_to furnish with teeth. 
 
 Tooth'a-che (-ak), n. A pain 
 i^ the teeth. 
 
 Tqoth'less, a. Wanting teeth. 
 
 Tooth'-pick, n. An instru- 
 ment for cleaning the teeth. 
 
 Tooth'sdme, a. Pleasing to 
 the taste ; palatable. 
 
 T6p, n. The 
 highest part; 
 platform 
 round the 
 head of tljc- 
 lower mast ; 
 a toy. — V. i. 
 
 to cap ; to rise above or 
 aloft ; to excel. 
 
 T6'p3.z, n. A precious stone 
 of a yellowish color. 
 
 To'per,n. One who drinks to 
 excess ; a drunkard ; a sot. 
 
 To'phet, n. Hell. 
 
 T6p'i€, n. Subject of dis- 
 cour.«e ; a matter treated of. 
 
 Top'i-c-al, a. Pertaining to a 
 place : limited ; local. 
 
 T6p'-kn6t (-not), n. An or- 
 namental bow worn by 
 women on the head. 
 
 TSp'mast, n. Mast next above 
 the lower mast. 
 
 T6^'most, a. Uppermost ; 
 highest. 
 
 To-p6g'ra-pher, n. A writer 
 on topography. 
 
 T6p/o-graph'i-e, 1 a. De- 
 
 T6p/o-graph'i€-al, j scrip- 
 tive of a place. 
 
 To-p6g'ra-phy, n. Minute 
 delineation and description 
 of any place or region. 
 
 Top'ple, V. i. To pitch for- 
 ward ; to tumble down. 
 
 Torch, n. A light made of 
 some combustible sub- 
 stance ; a llambeau. 
 
 Torch'-light (-ITt), n. Light 
 of a torch, or of torches. 
 
 Tore, imp. from Tear. 
 
 Tor'ment, n. Extreme pain. 
 
 Tor-ment', v. t. To put to 
 extreme pain, or anguish. 
 
 Tor-ment'er, ) n. One who 
 
 Tor-ment'or, ) torments. 
 
 Torn, p. p. of Tear. 
 
 Tor-na'do, n. A violent gust 
 of wind ; a hurricane. 
 
 Tor-pe'do, n. A fish having 
 electric power ; an engine for 
 blowing up ships ; a small 
 explosive fire- work. 
 
 Tor'pid, a. Having lost mo- 
 tion or the power of feeling. 
 — Syn. Numb ; dull ; slug- 
 gish ; inactive. 
 
 Tor-pid'i-ty, } n. Numb- 
 
 Tor'pid-ness, ) ness ; in- 
 sensibility ; dullness. 
 
 Tor'por, n. Numbness ; dull- 
 ness ; sluggishness. 
 
 T6r're-fy, v. t. To parch ; to 
 roast ; to scorch. 
 
 Tor'rent, n. A violent 
 stream. [parched. 
 
 Tdr'rid, a. Burning; hot; 
 
 Tor'sion, n. Act of twisting; 
 force with which a thing 
 untwists. 
 
 Tort, n. Wrong ; injury done, 
 
 Tdr'toise ^^g^^ 
 
 a hard r^. 'T' ^ 
 scaly case. •Tortoiae. 
 
 Tort'u-ous, a. Twisted j 
 winding ; deceitful. 
 
 Tort'ure, n. Extreme pain ; 
 anguish ; torment. — v. t. 
 To inflict extreme pain 
 upon ; to torment. 
 
 To'ry, n. An advocate for 
 royal power ; a conservative. 
 
 T6'ry-i§m, n. The princi- 
 ples of tories. 
 
 T6ss, V. t. To throw with 
 the hand ; to throw upward, 
 or with a jerk. — v. t. To 
 roll and tumble ; to writhe. 
 — n. Act of tossing. 
 
 To'tal, a. Whole; com- 
 plete ; entire. — n. The 
 whole sum or amount. 
 
 To-tal'i-ty, n. The whole 
 sum, quantity, or amount. 
 
 T6'tal-lj,adv. Wholly ; com- 
 pletely ; entirely. 
 
 Tdt'ter, v. i. To vacillate. 
 
 Touch, V. t. To come in con^ 
 tact with ; to reach to ; to 
 feel; to affect. — n. Con- 
 tact ; sense of feehng j 
 feature. 
 
 Touch'i-ness, n. Peevifshness 
 
 Touch'ing, a. Adapted t 
 affect the feelings. 
 
 Touch'-me-not^, n. A plant. 
 
 Touch'-stone, n. A criterio- 
 or test. 
 
 Totich'-wdbd, n. Decay e 
 wood that easily takes fire. 
 
 Touch'y, a. Peevish ; irri 
 table ; irascible. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, W9lf, too, tdbk ; tin, rjje, pi^ill ; p, soft,' €, g, hard; as ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
TOUGH 
 
 274 
 
 TRAMPLE 
 
 Toiigh (ttif ), a. Flexible but 
 
 not brittle ; firm ; strong ; 
 
 stiff; severe; violent. 
 Tough'en (tuf^n), v. To make 
 
 or grow tough. 
 Tou-pee', n. A small wig. 
 Tour ( tiTor), n. A journey in 
 
 a circuit; turn of duty. — 
 
 Syn. Circuit; excursion; 
 
 jaunt ; journey. 
 Tpur'ist {toor^ist), n. One 
 
 who makes a tour. 
 Tour'na-ment (tQr/-), n. A 
 
 mock-fight or martial sport 
 
 on horseback. 
 Tour'ni-quet (-ket), n. A 
 
 surgical bandage which is 
 
 tightened by a screw. 
 Tou§e, v.t. To pull and haul. 
 Tow, n. Coarse and broken 
 
 part of flax or hemp. — v. t. 
 
 To draw through the water 
 
 by a rope. 
 Tow'age, n. Act of towing ; 
 
 price for towing. 
 To'ward (tabard), ) prep. 
 To'wardg (to^ardz), ) In the 
 
 direction of; with respect 
 
 to ; near by. 
 To'ward, a. Apt ; docile ; 
 
 teachable ; tractable, [learn. 
 To'ward-ly, a. Ready to 
 Tow'el, n. A cloth for wiping 
 
 the hands, &c. 
 Tow'er, n. A high edifice ; a 
 
 citadel. — v. i. To be lofty ; 
 
 to soar aloft. 
 Tow'er-ing, a. Very high; 
 
 elevated ; soaring. 
 Tow'-line, n. A rope for tow- 
 ing a ship, &c. 
 Town, n. A large collection 
 
 of houses; the inhabitants. 
 Town'ship, n. Territory or 
 
 district of a town. 
 Towng'man (21), n. One of 
 
 the same town. 
 Town'- talk {-tawk),n. Com- 
 mon talk of a place. 
 ^T6x/i-e61'o-gy, n. The sci- 
 ence which treats of poisons. 
 Toy, n. A plaything ; a trifle ; 
 
 folly ; sport. — v. i. To dally ; 
 
 to trifle. [deals in toys. 
 "[Toy'inan (21), n. One who 
 Toy'-sh6p, n. A shop where 
 ^ toys are sold. 
 Trage, n. A footprint; a 
 
 track ; a vestige ; mark ; 
 token ; {pi.) the straps of a 
 harness for drawing. — v. t. 
 to delineate by marks ; to 
 follow by footprints or some 
 other mark, [being traced. 
 
 Trage'a-ble (ll),a- Capable of 
 
 Tra'ger-y, n. Ornamental 
 work in architecture. 
 
 Tra'-ehe-a, n. The windpipe. 
 
 Track (5), n. A footstep; 
 path ; road, as of a railway. 
 
 — V. i. To follow by traces. 
 Track'less, a. Having no 
 
 track ; untrodden. 
 
 Tra€t, n. Region of indefinite 
 extent ; a short treatise, esp. 
 one on practical religion. 
 
 Tra-et'a-ble, a. Easily man- 
 aged ; docile. 
 
 Tra€t''a-bil'i-ty, n. State or 
 quality of being manageable. 
 
 Tr3,-e'tate, n. A treatise. 
 
 Traet'ile, a. Capable of being 
 drawn out in length. 
 
 Tra-e-til'i-ty, n. Capacity of 
 being drawn out in length. 
 
 Tra-e'tion, n. Act of drawing. 
 
 Tra€'tive, a. Serving to 
 draw ; attracting. 
 
 Trade, n. Commerce ; traffic, 
 business ; calling. — v. i. To 
 buy or sell ; to traffic ; to 
 deal. [trade. 
 
 Trad'er, n. One engaged in 
 
 Trades'man (21), n. A shop- 
 keeper. 
 
 Trade'- wind, n. A periodi- 
 cal wind across the ocean in 
 or near the torrid zone. 
 
 Tra-di'tion (-dish/un),n. De- 
 livery ; oral account trans- 
 mitted from father to son. 
 
 Tra-di'tion-al I (-dish^- 
 
 Tra-di'tion-a-ry j un-),a. 
 Delivered or communicated 
 by tradition. 
 
 Tra-diiQe', v. t. To defame ; 
 to slander ; to vilify. 
 
 Tr3;f' fie, n. Dealing for pur- 
 poses of any kind. — Syn. 
 Commerce ; trade ; barter. 
 
 — t'. ?. (6) To buy and sell ; 
 to barter ; to trade. 
 
 Traf'fick-er (6), w. A trader. 
 Tra-ge'di-an, n. An actor 
 
 or a writer of tragedies. 
 TrS,^'e-dy, n. A dramatic 
 
 poem representing some ac- 
 tion having a fatal issue. 
 
 Trag'i-e. I a. Relating to 
 
 Trag'i-e-al, ) tragedy ; fat^l ; 
 calamitous ; mournful, 
 
 Trag/i-eom'e-dy, n. A com- 
 position partaking of the 
 nature both of tragedy and 
 comedy. 
 
 Trail, v. t. ov i. To draw 
 along the ground. — n. 
 Scent left on the ground ; a 
 track ; any thing drawn. 
 
 Train, v. t. To draw along ; 
 to trail ; to allure ; to exer- 
 cise ; to discipline ; to edu- 
 cate, or bring up. — n. 
 Something drawn along ; 
 trail ; tail ; retinue ; pro- 
 cession ; line, as of cars ; 
 series; process. 
 
 Train'-b3,nds , n. pi. Militia. 
 
 Train'-oil, n. Oil obtained 
 from the blubber or fat of 
 whales by boiling. 
 
 Traipse, v. i. To walk slut- 
 tishly or carelessly. 
 
 Trait, n. A stroke ; a marked 
 feature or peculiarity. 
 
 Trai'tor, n. One who vio- 
 lates his allegiance or his 
 trust; one guilty of treason. 
 
 Trai'tor-oiis, a. Treacher- 
 ous ; guilty of treason ; 
 faithless; disloyal. 
 
 Trai'tress, n. A female trai- 
 tor, [cast through. 
 
 Tra-jg-et', v. t. To throw or 
 
 Tra-je€'tion, n. A throwing 
 or casting through or across. 
 
 Tra-je€t'o-ry, n. A curve 
 which a moving body de- 
 scribes in space. 
 
 Tr3,m, n. A coal-wagon, or 
 one of the rails on which it 
 runs. 
 
 Tram'mel, n. A shackle ; a 
 hook. — f. (8) To catoh ; 
 to shackle ; to confine. 
 
 Tra-m6n'tane, or Tram'on- 
 tane, a. Lying or being be- 
 yond the mountain ; foreign; 
 barbarous. 
 
 TrS-mp, V. To tread; to 
 travel. — n. Afoot-traveler. 
 
 Tr^mp'er, n. One who 
 tramps ; a vagrant. [foot. 
 
 Tram'ple, v. t. To tread under 
 
 aa,5,i,o,ii,y,Zo»g',- 6,1,6, u. 
 
 short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, tT-tm ; pYque, firm ; 
 
TRANCE 
 
 275 
 
 TRANSPOSE 
 
 Tr^nge, n. A state of insen- 
 sibility ; catalepsy ; ecstasy. 
 
 Tran'quil (truijk/wil), a. 
 Quiet ; calm ; pea^ttful ; un- 
 disturbed. 
 
 Tran'quil-ize ) (7), v. t. To 
 
 Tran'quil-lize j quiet ; to 
 render calm ; to allay. 
 
 Tran-quiPli-ty (7), Quiet- 
 ness ; a calm state. 
 
 Tran'quil-ly, adv. Peace- 
 fully ; quietly ; calmly. 
 
 Trans-^ct', v. t. To do ; to 
 perform ; to conduct. 
 
 Trans-^€'tion, n. Perform- 
 ance ; management ; act or 
 affair. [transacts. 
 
 Trans-3,-et'or, n. One who 
 
 Traiis-al'pine, a. Being be- 
 yond the Alps in regard to 
 Rome. 
 
 Tra,ns^at-ian'ti-c, a. Being 
 beyond, or on the other side 
 of, the Atlantic. 
 
 Tran-sgend', v. t. To go be- 
 yond ; to surpass ; to exceed. 
 
 Tran-sgend'enge, n. State 
 of being transcendent ; su- 
 pereminent. 
 
 Tran-sgend'ent, a. Surpass- 
 ing ; pre-eminent. 
 
 Tr^-n/sgend-enfal, a. Su- 
 pereminent ,• surpassing 
 others; vague and illusive. 
 
 Tran-sgend'ent-ly, adv. Su- 
 pereminently ; most excel- 
 lently. 
 
 Tran-s€ribe', v. t. To copy ; 
 to Avrite over again, or in the 
 same words. [an original. 
 
 Tran's^ript, n. A copy from 
 
 Tran-S€rip'tion, n. Act of 
 transcribing, or copying. 
 
 Tran'sept, n. Part of a 
 church at right angles to 
 the body. 
 
 Trans-fer', v. t. To convey 
 from one place or person to 
 another ; to sell ; to alienate. 
 
 Trans'fer, n. Conveyance to 
 another ; removal. 
 
 Trans-fer'a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being transferred. 
 
 Trans'fer-enge, ) n. Act of 
 
 Trans-fer'renge, ) transfer- 
 ring; transfer. 
 
 Trans-fer'ri-ble, a. Capable 
 of being transferred. 
 
 Trans-fig/u-ra'tion, n. A 
 change of form or appear- 
 ance. 
 
 Trans-fig'ure, t?. t. To 
 change the outward form or 
 appearance of. 
 
 Trans-fix', v. t. To pierce 
 through. 
 
 Trans-form', v. ^ To change 
 the form or appearance of; 
 to metamorphose. 
 
 Trans^for-ma'tion, n. Meta- 
 morphosis ; change of form. 
 
 Trans-fuge', v. t. To pour 
 out of one into another. 
 
 Trans-fu'§ion, n. Act of 
 pouring from one vessel into 
 another. 
 
 Trans-gr6ss', v. t. To over- 
 pass, as a rule ; to break ; 
 to violate. — v. i. To sin. 
 
 Trans-gres'sion (-gresh^un), 
 n. Violation of a law ; sin. 
 
 Trans-gress'or, n. One who 
 transgresses. 
 
 Tran'sient (-shent) a. Pass- 
 ing ; hasty ; not stationary. 
 
 Tran'sient-ly, adv. For a 
 short time. 
 
 Tran'sit, n. A passing, as of 
 goods through a country, 
 or as a planet over the sun's 
 disk ; a line of passage. 
 
 Tran-si'tion (-sizh/un or 
 -zYsh''uu), n. Passage from 
 one place or state to an- 
 other; change. 
 
 Tran-si'tion-al (-sizh^un- or 
 -zish^un-), a. Involving, or 
 denoting, transition. 
 
 Tran'si-tive, a. Expressing 
 action passing from an agent 
 to an object. 
 
 Tran'si-to-ry, a. Continu- 
 ing but a short time ; fleet- 
 ing ; transient. 
 
 Trans-late', v. t. To re- 
 move ; to render into another 
 language ; to interpret ; to 
 explain in other words. 
 
 Trans-la'tion, n. Act of 
 translating ; that which is 
 translated ; a version. 
 
 Trans-la'tor, n. One who 
 translates. 
 
 Trans-lu'gent, a. Transmit- 
 ting rays of light, but not 
 transparent. 
 
 Tr3,ns'ma-rme' (-recn/), a. 
 Lying beyond the sea. 
 
 Trans'mi-grate, v. i. To 
 pass from one conntry or 
 body to another. 
 
 Trans^mi-gra'tion, n. A 
 passing frouj one country or 
 body to another. 
 
 Trans-mis'si-ble, a. Capa- 
 ble of being transmitted. 
 
 Trans-mis'sion (-mish/un), 
 n. Act of transmitting ; state 
 of being transmitted. 
 
 Trans-mis'sive, a. Capable 
 of being transmitted. 
 
 Trans-mit', v. t. To send 
 from one person or place to 
 another. [sion. 
 
 Trans-mit'tal,n. Transmis- 
 
 Trans-mu'ta-ble, a. Capa- 
 ble of being transmuted. 
 
 Trans''mu-ta'tion,n. Change 
 into another substance, na- 
 ture, or form. 
 
 Trans-mute', v. t. To change 
 into another substance, na- 
 ture, or form ; to transform. 
 
 Tran'som, n. A cross-beam. 
 
 Trans-par'en-gy, n. Quali- 
 ty of being transparent. 
 
 Trans-par 'ent, a. Transmit- 
 ting rays of light, so that 
 bodies can be distinctly 
 seen ; clear. 
 
 Trans-pierge', v. t. To pierce 
 through. 
 
 Tran^spi-ra'tion, n. Act of 
 passing through pores. 
 
 Tran-spire', v. t. or i. To 
 emit in vapor ; to become 
 publicly known. 
 
 Trans-pia,nt', v. t. To re- 
 move and plant in another 
 place. 
 
 Trans^plan-ta'tion, n. Act 
 
 of planting in another place. 
 Trans'port, n. A ship fo 
 
 transportation ; passion 
 
 ecstasy ; rapture. 
 Trans-port', v. t. To convey 
 
 to carry into banishment 
 
 to ravish with pleasure. 
 Trans^por-ta'tion, n. Act o 
 
 transporting ; banishment. 
 Trans-pos'al, n. Act o 
 
 transposing. 
 Trans-pose', v. t. To pu 
 
 each in place of the other. 
 
 i!6n, dr, do, wolf, too, tobk ; tarn, rye, pi.ill ; 9, ^, soft; g, hard; a§ ; epst ; q as ng ; thi 
 
TRANSPOSITION 
 
 276 
 
 TEIAD 
 
 To trap ; to 
 
 A snare. 
 
 A door in a 
 
 Trans^po-gi'tion (-zish^un), 
 n. Mutual change of places. 
 
 Trans-ship', v.t. To trans- 
 fer from one ship or convey- 
 ance to another. 
 
 Tran ' sub - stan / ti - a ' tion, 
 (-shi-a^-), n. A supposed 
 change of the bread and 
 wine, in the eucharist, into 
 the real body and blood of 
 Christ. 
 
 Tran-sude',t'. i. To pass out 
 
 through the pores, as sweat. 
 Trans' verse, n. The longer 
 
 axis of an ellipse. 
 Trans-verse', a. Lying in a 
 
 cross direction. 
 Trap, n. A contrivance for 
 
 catching animals ; a snare ; 
 
 a heavy igneous rock. — v.t. 
 
 or t. To catch in a trap ; to 
 
 insnare. 
 Tra-pan', v. t. 
 
 insnare. — n. 
 Trap'-ddbr, n. 
 
 floor or roof. 
 Tra-pe'zi-um, n. 
 
 A plane figure 
 
 contained under 
 
 four right lines, 
 
 of which no two Trapezium, 
 
 are parallel. 
 Trap'e-zoid, n. A 
 
 plane, four-sided 
 
 figure, having 
 
 two of the oppo- Trapezoid. 
 
 site sides parallel to each 
 
 other. [ments. 
 Trap'ping§, n. pi. Orna- 
 Tr^sh, n. Any waste or 
 
 worthless matter. 
 Trash' y, a. Waste ; worthless. 
 Trav'ail, v. i. To toil ; to 
 
 suffer the pains of child- 
 birth.— n. Toil; labor in 
 
 childbirth. 
 Tr^v'el (8), v. i. To make a 
 
 journey or voyage ; to go. 
 
 — n. A journey or voyage, 
 Tr^v'el-er l(8),«. One who 
 Trav'el-ler ) travels. 
 Tr3,v'erse, a. Lying across. 
 
 — V. t. To cross ; to deny. 
 
 — n. A barrier or obstruc- 
 tion ; a denial. 
 
 Traves-ty, n. A parody. — 
 V. t. To translate so as to 
 turn to ridicule ; to parody. 
 
 Tray, n. A waiter or salver ; 
 
 a small trough. 
 Treach'er-ous, ct. Faithless; 
 
 false ; perfidious. 
 Treach'er-y, n. Violation of 
 
 faith ; perfidy. 
 Trea'-ele, n. A thick sirup 
 produced in refining sugar ; 
 
 Tr6ad, v. i. [imp. trod ; p. 
 
 p. TROD, TRODDEN.] To 
 
 Step ; to set the foot ; to 
 walk. — u. t. To step or 
 walk on ; to trample. — n. 
 Manner of stepping. 
 Trgad'le, ) n. The part of 
 Tred'dle, ) a loom, &c., 
 which is moved by the foot. 
 Tread'-mill, n. A mill worked 
 by persons treading on a 
 wide horizontal wheel. 
 Trea'§on, n. Violation of 
 
 allegiance; disloyalty. 
 Trea'son-a-ble, a. Partak- 
 ing "of, or pertaining to, 
 treason : traitorous. 
 Tr6a§'ure (trezh/ijr), n. 
 Wealth accumulated ; great 
 abundance; that which is 
 highly valued. — V. t. To 
 lay up ; to hoard. 
 Trea§'ur-er, n. An ofl&cer 
 
 in charge of a treasury. 
 Trea§'ur-y { trezh/ijr- ) , n. A 
 place where public money 
 is kept ; financial depart- 
 ment of a government. 
 Treat, v. t. or i. To handle ; 
 to use ; to manage ; to ne- 
 gotiate; to entertain. — n. 
 Entertainment given. 
 Trea'tise (18), n. A written 
 
 discourse; a dissertation. 
 Treat'ment, n. Manner of 
 
 treating ; management. 
 Trea'ty (19), n. A formal 
 agreement between two or 
 more independent states or 
 sovereigns. — Syn. Nego- 
 tiation ; compact. 
 Treb'le,a. Threefold; triple. 
 — V. To make or become 
 threefold.— n. Highest part 
 in music ; soprano. 
 Treb'ly. adv. In a threefold 
 
 number or quantity. 
 Tree (18), n. The largest of 
 1 the vegetable kind ; a per- 
 
 ennial plant consisting of a 
 trunk, roots, and branches. 
 Tree'nail {coinmonly pron. 
 trun/ntl), n. A long wooden 
 pin to fasten the planks of a 
 ship. 
 
 Tre'foil, n. A A'^M. 
 three - leaved ^ ®3> 
 plant of many Trefoils, 
 species ; an architectural or- 
 nament of three cusps in a 
 circle. 
 
 Trel'lis, n. A frame of cross- 
 barred work , or lattice-work, 
 used for various purposes. 
 Trem'ble, v. i. To shake or 
 quake ; to quiver ; to shud- 
 der ; to quaver. 
 Tre-mgn'dcus, a. Terrible ; 
 
 awful; frightful. 
 Tre'mor, or Trem'or, n. An 
 
 involuntary trembling. 
 Trem'u-lous, a. Trembling; 
 
 shaking; quivering. 
 Trench, v. t. To cut or dig, 
 as a ditch. —r.i. To en- 
 croach.— n. A ditch ; a fosse. 
 Tren'chant, a. Cutting; 
 
 sharp ; severe ; unsparing. 
 Trench'er, n. One who digs 
 
 a trench ; a wooden plate. 
 Trench'er-man (21), n. A 
 great eater ; a gormandizer. 
 Trend, v. i. To run ; to tend. 
 Tre-pan', n. A cylindrical 
 saw for perforating the 
 skull, — r. t. To cut with a 
 trepan, as the skull. 
 Tre-phine', or Tre-phine', 
 n. A circular or cylindrical 
 saw for trepanning. 
 Trep'i-da'tion, n. A trem- 
 bling : a state of terror. 
 Tres'pass, V. To intrude; 
 to transgress ; to offend. — 
 n. Violation of another's 
 rights; transgression. 
 Tress, n. A braid, knot, or 
 
 curl of hair ; a ringlet. 
 Trgs'tle (tresa), n. A framd 
 
 to support any thing. 
 Tr6t, n. An allowance for 
 waste, after tare is deduct^'d. 
 Trev'et, n. A three-legged 
 stool. [or dit'e. 
 
 Trey, n. The three at cards 
 Tri'ad, n. A union of three ; 
 three things united. 
 
 i, 6, 1, 0, a, 5^, long ; 5, e, 6, ti, short ; cSre, car, &Bk, aU, wh^t ; Sre, vfiil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
TRIAL 
 
 277 
 
 value or importance. — v. i. 
 To act or talk with levity. 
 Tri'fling, a. Of little value or 
 importance; trivial. — n. 
 Employment in things of 
 no importance. 
 Trl-f6'li-ate,a. Having three 
 leaves. [form or shape. 
 
 Triform, a. Having a triple 
 Trig (T), v. t. To stop or 
 
 fa.sten, as a wheel. 
 Trig'ger, n. Catch of a gun 
 or pistol. 
 
 Ilaving TrPglyph,n. An ornament in 
 the frieze of Doric columns. 
 Trig/o-no-met'ri-e-al, a. Per- 
 taining to trigonometry. 
 Trig/o-n6m'e-try,n. Art of 
 
 measuring triangles. 
 TrPgr^ph, n. Three letters 
 
 used to express one sound, 
 Tri-he'dral, a. Ilaving three 
 
 equal sides or faces. 
 Tri-he'dron, n, A figure 
 
 having three equal sides. 
 Tri-iat'er-al,a. Having three 
 sides. [three letters, 
 
 paid as an acknowledgment , Tri-lit'er-al, a. Consisting of 
 of submission. [instant. | Trill (1), n. A shake 
 
 Tri'al, n. Act of trying ; exam- 
 ination ; experiment ; test. 
 
 Tri'an-gle, n. A figure of 
 three angles and three sides. 
 
 Triangles. 
 1, equilateral triangle; 2, isosceles 
 triangle; 3, right-angled trian- 
 gle; 4, obtuse-angled triangle; 
 5, scalene triangle. 1, 2, and .5, 
 are also acute-angled triangles. 
 
 Tri-an'gu-lar, a. 
 
 three angles. I 
 Tribe, n. A family or race ; 
 
 a class or division, [liiction. 1 
 Trib/u-la'tion, n. A great af- 
 Trl-bu'nal, n. A court of [ 
 
 justice. I 
 Trib'iine, n. An ancient Ro- I 
 
 man magistrate ; a kind of 
 
 pulpit. 
 
 Trib'u-ta-ry, a. Subject to 
 triluute; paying tribute.— 
 n. One who pays tribute. 
 
 Trib'ute,n. A periodica! tax 
 
 A short time; 
 An artifice for the 
 
 TriQe, n. 
 Trick, n. 
 
 purpose of deception ; strat- ] 
 agem; wile. — v. t. To; 
 cheat ; to deceive ; to deco- 
 rate. 
 
 Trick'er-y, n. Artifice ; 
 
 knavery ; dressing up. [ful. j 
 Trick'ish, a. Knavishly art- 
 Trick'le, V. i. \ To flow in 
 
 small, slow dro'ps. [cheat. 
 Trick'ster, n. A deceiver ; a 
 Tri'-eol-ored, a. Composed 
 
 of three colors. 
 Tri-€US'pid, a. Having three 
 
 cusps, or points. 
 Tri'dent, n. A scepter with 
 
 three prongs. 
 Tri-dent'ate, a. Having 
 
 three prongs. 
 Tri-en'ni-al, a. Happening 
 
 every third year; lasting 
 
 three years. 
 Tri-gn'iii-al-ly, adv. Once 
 
 in three years. 
 Tri'er, w. One who tries. 
 Tri'fid, a. Divided into three 
 
 parts. 
 
 Tri'fle, n. A thing of little 
 
 quaver of the voice in sing 
 ing. — V. t. To quaver or 
 shake ; to flow in drops. 
 Trill'ion (tril/yun), n. In 
 Eng. , a million raised to the 
 third power; in Amer.^ a 
 thousand billions. 
 Trim, a. Nice ; neat ; com- 
 pact ; tight, —v.t.ov i. To 
 make trim ; to dress ; to 
 prune ; to balance, as a ves- 
 sel. — V. i. To fluctuate in- 
 tentionally between parties. 
 — n. Dress ; condition. 
 Trim'mer , n. One who trims ; 
 
 a time-server. 
 Trim'ming, n. Ornamental 
 appendages, as of a garment, 
 Trine, a. Threefold. — n. 
 Distance of 120 degrees be- 
 tween planets. 
 Trin'i-ta'ri-an, a. Pertaining 
 to the Trinity. —n. One 
 who believes in the Trinity. 
 Trm'i-ty, n. Union of three 
 persons (Father, Son, and 
 Holy Spirit) in one Godhead. 
 Trink'et, n. A small orna- 
 ment, as a jewel or ring. 
 
 TEITURATE 
 
 Tri-no'ml-al, w. A quantity 
 consisting of three terms. 
 
 Tri'o, or Tri'o (18), n. A 
 piece of music for three per- 
 formers ; three together. 
 
 Trip,!'. To step lightly and 
 quickly ; to stumble ; to 
 err. — v. t. To cause to 
 trip ; to supplant. — ». Ex- 
 cursion ; stumble ; error. 
 
 Trip'ar-tite,or Tri-part'Ite, 
 a. Divided into three parts. 
 
 Tripe, w. The large stomach 
 of the ox, cow, &c., pre- 
 pared for food. 
 
 Tri-per'son-al, a. Consisting 
 of three persons. 
 
 Trip'-ham'mer, n. A heavy 
 hammer moved by project- 
 ing teeth on a revolving 
 shaft. 
 
 Triph'thong (trif^- or trip'-), 
 n. A union of three vo\yels 
 in a s) liable, as i<?u in adieu. 
 Triph'thdn'gal (trif- or 
 trip-), a. Pertaining to a 
 triphthong. 
 Trip'le (trip/l), a. Treble; 
 threefold . — v.t. To make 
 threefold ; to treble. 
 Trip'let, n. Three verses that 
 
 rhvme ; three of a kind. 
 Trip'li-cate, a. Threefold. 
 Tri-pliQ'i-ty, n. State of be- 
 ing threefold. [three feet. 
 Tri'pod, n. A stool with 
 Tri-se-et', v. t. To cut into 
 
 three equal parts. 
 Tri-se€'tion, n. A division 
 
 into three equal parts. 
 Tris/yl-iab'i<;, a. Consist- 
 ing of three syllables. 
 Tri-syl'la-ble, n. A word 
 composed of three syllables. 
 Trite, a. Worn out ; stale ; 
 
 hackneyed ; common. 
 Tri'the-i§ra, n. A belief in 
 
 three Gods. 
 Tri'the-ist, w. One who b^^ 
 
 lieves in three Gods. 
 Triahe-ist'i€, a. Pertainin 
 
 to tri theism. 
 Trit'u-ra-ble, a. Capable c * 
 
 being triturated. 
 Trit'u-rate, v. t. To redue 
 to a fine powder by pound 
 ing or grinding ; to grind 
 to pound. 
 
 XT 
 
 son, ©r, dQ, wglf, to-Q, to^ok ; Orn, rije, p^U ; ^, soft ; g, hard ; a^ ; exist ; a as ng , 
 
 mi 
 
TRITURATION 
 
 278 
 
 TUB 
 
 Trit/u-ra'tion,M. Act of trit- 
 urating;, 
 
 Tri'umph, n. Pomp or joy 
 for victory or success ; vic- 
 tory. — V. t. To rejoice at 
 success ; to obtain victory ; 
 to prevail. 
 
 Tri-umph'al, ) a. Celebrat- 
 
 Tri-umph'ant, j ing victory. 
 
 Tri-um'vir, n. One of three 
 men united in office. 
 
 TrI-um'vi-rate, n. Govern- 
 ment by three men. 
 
 TrPvine, a. Being three in one. 
 
 Tri-u'ni-ty, n. State of being 
 triune. [stool or table. 
 
 Triv'et, n. A three-legged 
 
 Triv'i-al, a. Trifling ; hght ; 
 worthless ; inconsiderable. 
 
 Tro'-ear, n. An instrument 
 to tap dropsical persons. 
 
 Trod, imp. Sc p. p. of Tread. 
 
 Trod'den, p. p. of Treacf. 
 
 Troll, V. t. To roll ; to turn ; 
 to utter volubly ; to entice ; 
 
 — V. i. To fish by drawing 
 the bait through the water. 
 
 Trol'lop, n. A slattern. 
 Trom-bone', n. A deep-toned 
 
 brass instrument of the 
 
 trumpet kind. 
 Troop, n. A company, esp. 
 
 of soldiers ; an army. — v. 
 
 i._To march in a body. 
 Troop'er, n. A horse-soldier. 
 Trope, n. Use of a word in a 
 
 figurative sense. 
 Tr5'phied, a. Adorned with 
 
 trophies. 
 Tro'phy (19), «. A memorial 
 
 of victory in battle. 
 Tr6p'i€, 11. Line that bounds 
 
 the sun's greatest declina- 
 tion from the equator. 
 Tr6p'i€-al, a. Pertaining to, 
 
 or being within, the tropics ; 
 
 figurative ; metaphorical, 
 "rot, V. i. To move in a trot. 
 
 — n. A peculiar pace of a 
 horse, faster than a walk, 
 roth, n. Truth ; fidelity, 
 rot'ter, n. A beast that 
 trots ; foot, as of a slieep. 
 roub'lc, V. t. To disturb ; 
 to annoy. — n. Disturb- 
 ance ; annoyance, 
 roub'le-some, a. Giving 
 trouble. — Syn. Harassing ; 
 
 annoying ; wearisome ; vex- 
 atious, [order. 
 
 Troub'lous, a. Full of dis- 
 
 Trdugh (trawf), n. A long 
 hollow vessel or receptacle. 
 
 Trounge, v. t. To beat or 
 punish severely. 
 
 Trow'sers, \n. pi. Loose 
 
 Trou'gers* ) pantaloons. 
 
 Trous-seau' (trob-soO, w. 
 Outfit of a bride. 
 
 Trout (24), n. A fresh-water 
 fish of the salmon kind, 
 esteemed most delicate food. 
 
 Tro'ver, n. An action for 
 goods found and not dehv- 
 ered to the owner on de- 
 mand. 
 
 Trdw, V. i. To suppose or 
 think. 
 
 Trow'el, n. A tool for laying 
 bricks and stones in mortar. 
 
 Troy '-weight (-wat), n. A 
 weight "of 12 oz. to the 
 pound, for weighing gold, 
 silver, &c. 
 
 Tru'ant, a. Idle ; wandering 
 from school. — n. An idler ; 
 a boy who absents himself 
 from school without leave. 
 
 TruQe, n. A temporary ces- 
 sation of hostilities for ne- 
 gotiation ; brief quiet. 
 
 Truck, V. To barter. — n. 
 Exchange of goods ; barter ; 
 a low cart ; a small solid 
 wheel. 
 
 Truck'le, n. A small wheel. 
 — V. i. To yield obsequi- 
 ously. 
 
 Truck'le-b6d, n. A low bed 
 
 that runs on little wheels. 
 Truck'man (21), n. One who 
 
 conveys goods on a truck. 
 Tru'-eu-lenge, n. Savage fe- 
 
 roctity or cruelty. 
 Tru'€u-lent, a. Fierce ; 
 
 cruel ; of savage aspect. 
 Trudge, v. i. To go on foot ; 
 
 to jog along heavily. 
 True, a. Conformable to fiict 
 
 or a pattern ; exact ; right ; 
 
 genuine ; real ; faithful. 
 Truffle (trij/fl), n. A kind of 
 
 subterraneous mushroom. 
 Tru'ism, n. An undoubted or 
 
 self-evident truth. 
 Trull, n. A low, lewd woman. 
 
 Tru'ly (10), arfv. Certainly; 
 
 really ; exactly. 
 Trump, n. A winning card ; 
 a trumpet. — v. t. or V. To 
 win with a trump ; to de- 
 vise ; to fabricate. 
 Trump'er-y, /i. Empty talk ; 
 
 trities ; rubbish. 
 Trump'et, n. A wind instru- 
 ment of music. — V. t. To 
 publish, by sound of trump- 
 et ; to proclaim. 
 Trump'et-er, n. One who 
 
 sounds a trumpet. 
 Trun'€ate, v. t. To cut off. 
 Trun'-ca-ted, a. Cut or lop- 
 ped off short. [eating. 
 Trun-€a'tion, n. Act of trun- 
 Trun-gheon (truu^shun), n. 
 
 A short staff ; a club. 
 Trun'die, v. i. To roll, as ou 
 little wheels, or as a hoop. 
 — n. A httle wheel. 
 Trun'dle-bed, n. A low bed 
 
 moved on little wheels. 
 Trunk, n. Stem or body of a 
 tree ; body of an animal ; 
 the proboscis of an ele- 
 phant; a box or chest for 
 containing clothes, &c. 
 Trun'nion (trun^yun), w. A 
 knob on each side of a can- 
 non, to support it. 
 Truss (2), n. A bundle, as of 
 hay ; a bandage for rup- 
 tures. — V. t. To pack or 
 bind close ; to skewer. 
 Trust, n. Confidence ; faith ; 
 credit given. — v. t. To rely 
 on ; to believe ; to sell on 
 credit to. — v. i. To be con- 
 fident ; to confide. 
 Trust-ee' (18), n. One to 
 whom property is legally 
 committed in trust. 
 Trust'i-ly, adv. In a trusty 
 manner. [honesty. 
 Trust'i-ness, n. Fidelity ; 
 Trust'y, a. Worthy of trust. 
 Truth, n. Conformity to re- 
 ality or fact ; fidelity ; ve- 
 racity ; honesty ; an estab- 
 lished principle. 
 Truth'ful, a. Full of truth ; 
 
 veracious ; trustworthy. 
 Try, V. t. or i. To attempt ; 
 
 to endeavor ; to ie&t. 
 Tiib, n. An open wooden 
 
 6, 1, o, n, Yylong ; a, i, 6, tt , J^, short ; care, ciir, ask, p, wh^t ; Grc, veil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
TUBE 
 
 279 
 
 vessel, used for various pur- 
 poses. [der;apipe. 
 Tube, n. A long hollow cyhn- 
 Tu'ber, n. A tieshy rounded 
 
 stem or root. 
 Tu'ber-ele, n. A small swell- 
 ing ; a pimple. 
 Tu-ber'-eu-lar, ) a. Full of 
 Tu-ber'-cu-lous, ) tubercles. 
 Tube'ro§e,or Tu'ber-6§e, n. 
 A flowering plant with a 
 tuberous root. [or tubers. 
 Tu'ber-ous, a. Full of knobs 
 Tu'bu-lar, a. Resembling, or 
 
 consisting of, a pipe. 
 Tu'bu-lous, a. Hollow, like a 
 
 tube or pipe. 
 Tuck, n. A fold in a dress. — 
 V. t. To thrust in or to- 
 gether ; to fold under. 
 Tuck'er, n. A small, thin 
 piece of the dress for cover- 
 ing the breast. 
 Tues'day ( tuz'dy ) , n. Third 
 
 day of the week. 
 Tuft, n. A bunch of grass, 
 hair, &c. — v. t. To adorn 
 with tufts. 
 Tuft'ed, a. Growing in tufts. 
 Tiig, V. i. To pull with great 
 effort. — n. A pulUng Avith 
 great effort ; trace of a har- 
 ness ; a steam tow-boat. 
 Tu-Ption (-ish^uu), n. Guard- 
 ianship; instruction; price 
 of instruction. 
 Tu'lip, n. A plant and flower. 
 Tum'ble, v.i. To roll about 
 or down. — v. t. To turn 
 over or throw about care- 
 lessly ; to disturb ; to rum- 
 ple.— m. A tumbling or roll- 
 ing over ; a fall. 
 Tum'bler, n. One who tum- 
 bles ; a drinking glass. 
 Tum'brel, n. A ducking 
 stool ; a cart ; a military 
 wagon ; a kind of basket. 
 Tii/me-fa-e'tion, n. A swell- 
 ing ; a tumor. 
 Tu'me-fy, v. To swell. 
 Tu'mid, a. Swelled; distend- 
 ed ; pompous. [swellino:. 
 TTi'mor (83), n. A morbid 
 Tu'mu-lar, ) a. Consisting 
 Tu'mu-lous, J in a heap. 
 Tu'mult, n. Wild commo- 
 tion ; uproar. 
 
 Tu-mult'u-a-ry, a. Disorder- I 
 
 ly- i 
 
 Tu-mult'u-ous, a. Full of 
 tumult ; conducted with tu- 
 mult. — Syn. Disorderly ; 
 turbulent ; noisy ; lawless. 
 Tun, n. A large cask ; a 
 measure for liquids of four 
 hogsheads. See 
 Tune, n. A series of musical 
 not€S ; order ; harmony. — 
 V. t. To put in a proper 
 musical or other state. 
 Tune'ful, a. Harmonious. 
 Tu'ni€, n. A Roman and East- 
 ern under-garment, worn by 
 both sexes ; a membrane. 
 Tu'ni-ele, n. A natural cov- 
 ering ; an ecclesiastical robe. 
 Tun'nel, n. A pipe for pour- 
 ing liquors into vessels ; a 
 funnel ; an artificial under- 
 ground passage, —v. t. (8) 
 To form hke, or into, a tun- 
 nel, [ern head-dress. 
 Tur'ban, n. A kind of East- 
 Tur'bid,a. Muddy : not clear. 
 Tur'bid-ness, n. Muddiness. 
 Tur'bi-na'ted, a. Shaped 
 
 like a top ; spiral ; twisted. 
 Tur'bine, n. A horizontal 
 
 water-wheel. 
 T^r'bot, «. A kind of flat fish. 
 Tur'bu-lenge, ) n. Tumult ; 
 Tur'bu-len-Qy, I confusion. 
 Tur'bu-lent, a. Tumultuous ; 
 
 riotous ; disorderly. 
 Tii-reen', n. A large, deep 
 
 vessel for holding soup. 
 Turf (18), n. A stratum of 
 earth filled with roots ; sod ; 
 sward. — v. t. To cover with 
 turf. ' [with, turf. 
 
 Turfy, a. Full of, or covered 
 Tur-ges'Qenqe, n. State of 
 
 becoming turgid. 
 Tur'gid, a. Distended ; 
 
 swelled ; tumid ; bombastic. 
 Tur-gid'i-ty, n. A turgid or 
 
 swelled state ; bombast. 
 Tur'key (19), n. A large fowl, 
 
 a native of Am.erica. 
 Tur-kois' {-koiz' or -keez''), 
 n. A* bluish green gem. 
 See Turquoise. 
 Tur'mer-i-e (5), «. An East 
 Indian plant used for dye- 
 ing. 
 
 TWANG 
 
 Tfir'moll, n. Harasstng 
 
 labor ; trouble ; disturb- 
 ance ; commotion. 
 Tfirn, V. To move or go 
 round ; to revolve ; to alter ; 
 to change. — n. Act of mov- 
 ing or going round ; change. 
 Tiim'-eoat, n. One who 
 changes sides or principles ; 
 a renegade ; a deserter. 
 Tfirn'er-y, n. The art of 
 shaping solid articles by a 
 lathe. [esculent root. 
 
 T^r'nip, n. A plant and its 
 Turn'key (19), «. One who 
 
 keeps the keys of a prison. 
 Turn'pike, n. A toll-gate ; 
 a road on which are turn- 
 pikes. 
 
 Turn'sole, n. A heliotrope. 
 Turn'stne, n. A kind of 
 
 turnpike in a footpath. 
 Tfir 'pen-tine, n. A resinoug 
 
 juice from various trees. 
 T&r'pi-tude, n. Baseness. 
 Tur-quoi§e' (-koiz^ or -keezO, 
 n. A bluish-green mineral, 
 used in jewelry. 
 Tur'ret, n. A small tower. 
 Tur'ret-ed,a. Furnished with 
 turrets ; formed like a tower. 
 Tiir'tle,n. A 
 
 species of 
 wild dove; 
 a sea-tor- 
 toise. 
 Tlir'tle- 
 
 Turtle. 
 
 d6ve,n. A dove or pigeon. 
 Tus'can, a. Relating to 
 Tuscany, or to a certain 
 order of architecture. 
 Tusk. n. A long, pointed 
 
 tooth of certain animals. 
 Tus'sle (ttls/sl), n. A scuffle. 
 Tu'te-lage, n. Guardianship ; 
 
 protection; care. 
 Tu'te-lar, ) a. Guarding ; 
 Tu'te-la-ry, ) protecting. 
 Tii'tor, n. Instructor ; teach- v 
 er, — t,. To instruct ; to 
 discipline. [guardianship. 
 Tu'tor-age, n. Instruction ; 
 Tu'tor-ess, n. A female tutor. > 
 Twad'dle, v. i. To prate. 
 Twain, a. & n. Two. 
 Twang, V. i. To sound with 
 a quick, sharp noise. — n. 
 A sharp, quick sound. 
 
 ^6n, or, do, wQlf, tol), tdbk ; Orn, nje, pi^U ; f , soft ; g, Imrd ; ag ; e^ist ; Q as ng ; fliis. 
 
TVYATTLE 
 
 280 
 
 UMBEL 
 
 Twat'tle (twot/tl), v. i. To 
 prate ; to talk much and 
 idly ; to twaddle. 
 
 Tweak, v. t. To twitch. — n. 
 A sharp pinch or jerk. 
 
 Twee'dle, v. t. To handle 
 hghtly ; to coax ; to allure. 
 
 Tweed§, n. pi. Cotton or 
 woolen goods of hght fabric. 
 
 Twee'zer§, n. pi. Small nip- 
 pers for plucking out hairs, 
 and for other purposes. 
 
 Twelfth, a. Ordinal of twely^ 
 
 Twelve, a. Two and ten. 
 
 Twelve'month, n. A year. ' 
 
 Twen'ti-eth, a. Ordinal of 
 twenty. 
 
 Twen'ty, a. Twice ten ; a 
 score. 
 
 Twige, adv. Two times ; 
 doubly. 
 
 Twig, n. A small shoot or 
 branch of a tree or shrub. 
 
 TwPlight (-lit), n. Faint 
 light seen after sunset and 
 before sunrise. 
 
 Twill, v.t. To weave in ribs. 
 
 Twin, n. One of two pro- 
 duced at a birth. 
 
 Twine, v.t.ori. To twist ; to 
 ■wrap closely round ; to 
 •wind. — n. Strong twisted 
 thread ; a twist. 
 
 Twinge, v. i. To feel a short, 
 sharp pain. — n, A quick, 
 darting pain. 
 
 Twink'le, t;. i. To blink ; to 
 
 wink; to sparkle. — n. A 
 wink ; time of a wink. 
 
 Twink'ling, n. A wink; a 
 sparkling ; an instant. 
 
 Twirl, V. t. To move or whirl 
 round rapidly. — w. A rapid 
 whirling or turning. 
 
 Twist, v.t. To wind, as one 
 thread round another; to 
 convolve. — n. A contor- 
 tion ; a thread or cord made 
 by twisting. 
 
 Twit, v.t. To reproach ; to 
 taunt ; to upbraid. 
 
 Twitch, V. t. To pull sudden- 
 ly. — n. A pull with a jerk. 
 
 Twit'ter {l),v.i. To make a 
 small, intermitted noise, as 
 a swallow. 
 
 Two [too), a. One and one. 
 
 Twp'-edged (to-o/-),a. Hav- 
 ing an edge on both sides, 
 
 Two'foia (to*o/-), a. Two of 
 the kind ; double. 
 
 Tym'bal, n. A kettle-drum. 
 
 Tym'pan, n. A frame for 
 holding sheets of paper for 
 printing.' 
 
 Tym'pa-num, n. Drum of 
 the ear. 
 
 Type, n. A mark ; an em- 
 blem ; a figure ; a sign ; a 
 symbol ; a letter or other 
 character for printing from . 
 
 Ty'phoid, a. Resembling 
 typhus fever. — n. A fever 
 resembling typhus. 
 
 Ty.phoon', n. A violent 
 
 tornado in the Chinese seas. 
 
 Ty'phus, n. A fever char- 
 acterized by great prostra- 
 tion and cerebral disturb- 
 ance, [figurative. 
 
 Typ'i€-al, a. Emblematical : 
 
 Typ'i^-al-ly, adv. In a typ. 
 leal or figurative manner. 
 
 Typ'i-fy, v. t. To represent 
 by a type, or emblem. 
 
 Ty-p6g'ra-pher (tl- or tl-), n. 
 A printer. 
 
 Typ'o-graph'i-e-al, or Ty'- 
 po-graph'i€-al, a. Relating 
 to type or to printing. 
 
 Ty-p6g'ra-phy (ti- or tT), m. 
 Art of printing. 
 
 Ty-ran'ni-c, T a. Imperi- 
 
 Ty-ran'ni-e-al, J ous; des- 
 potic ; cruel. 
 
 Ty-r^n'ni^-al-ly, adv. In 
 the manner of a tyrant. 
 
 Ty-ran'ni-Qide, n. The kill- 
 ing, or the killer, of a ty- 
 rant, [a tyrant. 
 
 Tyr'an-nize, v. t. To act as 
 
 Tjr'an-nous, a. Cruel; ar- 
 bitrary ; despotic ; unjustly 
 severe ; tyrannical. 
 
 Tyr'an-ny, n. Arbitrary ex- 
 ercise of power; despotism. 
 
 Ty'rant, n. An arbitrary 
 ruler ; a cruel master ; an 
 oppressor. 
 
 Ty'ro, n. {pi. Ty'ros.) A 
 beginner ; a novice. 
 
 u. 
 
 U-BlQ'UI-TT, «. Exis. 
 tence every where. 
 -=Or-biq'ui-ta-ry (-bik^wi-), a. 
 Existing every where, 
 d'der, n. The bag with the 
 teats of a cow, &c. 
 g'li-ness (13), n. Deformity ; 
 moral depravity ; ill -nature, 
 g'ly , a. Not handsome ; de- 
 formed; ill-natured. 
 I'ger, n. A sore that dis- 
 charges pus. 
 
 I'ger-ate, v. i. To become 
 
 ulcerous; to turn to an 
 ^ ulcer. [ating. 
 UFger-a'tion, n. Actofulcer- 
 tJl'Qer-ous, a. Afflicted with 
 
 ulcers ; discharging puru- 
 
 lent or other matters. 
 tJl'lage, n. What a cask 
 
 wants of being full. 
 ITl-te'ri-or, a. Lying beyond ; 
 
 further ; more remote. 
 Ul'ti-mate, a. Final; furthest, 
 ul'ti-mate-ly, adv. Finally ; 
 
 at last ; in the end. 
 
 "O^Pti-ma'tum, n. A final 
 
 proposition or condition ; 
 
 last offer. 
 TTPtra, a. Radical ; extreme. 
 iTFtra-ma-rine' (-ma-reen/), 
 
 n. A beautiful blue pigment. 
 Ul^tra-mdn'tane, a. Being 
 
 beyond the mountains or 
 ^ the Alps. 
 
 IJPtra-mun'dane, a. Being 
 
 beyond the world. 
 Um'bel, n. A collection of 
 
 small llowers in a head. 
 
 » e, 1, o, u, y, long; a, q, J, 6, U, f, short; cSre, car, ask, gll, wh^t ; ere, ygil, tCrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
UMBELLIFEROUS 
 
 tJm/bel-lif'er-ous, a. Bear- 
 ing umbels. 
 
 XJm'ber, n. A brownish ore 
 of iron, used as a pigment. 
 
 Um-bil'i€-al, a. Pertaining 
 to the navel. [deer. 
 
 Um'ble§, n. Entrails of a 
 
 tTm'bra^e, n. A shade; re- 
 sentment; offense; affront. 
 
 Um-bra'geous, a. Shady. 
 
 Um-brePla, n. A portable 
 screen from the sun or rain. 
 
 tJm'pi-rage, w. The decision 
 of an umpire ; arbitrament ; 
 authority of an umpire. 
 
 tjTm'pire, n. A third person to 
 whose sole decision a contro- 
 yersy or question between 
 parties is referred. 
 
 ■D"n. A negative prefix, which 
 may be attached at will to 
 almost any English adjective 
 or participle used adjective- 
 ly, while it is also attached 
 to less numerous classes of 
 nouns and verbs. As the 
 former class of words is 
 unlimited in extent, and 
 Buch compounds may be 
 formed by any writer or 
 speaker from almost all the 
 adjectives and participles in 
 the language, very many of 
 them will be omitted from 
 this Dictionary, more es- 
 pecially such as are nega- 
 tions of the simple word, 
 and are readily explained 
 by prefixing a not to the 
 letter; also, derivatives of 
 these words in ly and ness. 
 A pretty full list of these 
 words is subjoined. 
 
 Un is prefixed to adjectives, 
 or to words used adjectively; 
 as, (1.) To adjectives, to denote 
 the absence of the quality des- 
 ignated by the adjective ; as, 
 unaccordant^ unaided, unam- 
 bitious, unancdous, unappre- 
 ciable, unartificial, unattaina- 
 hle, unauthorized, unbearable, 
 unbrotherly, uncandid, unca- 
 nonical, iincheerful, unclassical, 
 uncommercial, itnconffenial, un- 
 cordial, uncourtly, undefinable, 
 undemocratic, undevout, un- 
 distinguish able, rmendurable, 
 un-English, unenviable, unes- 
 sential, uneventful, unfamiliar, 
 unfeminine, unfraterxial, un 
 
 281 
 
 genial, vngevteel, ungentle, wn- 
 grammatical, unimportant, un- 
 inhabitable, unjustifiable, un- 
 kingli/, unmaidenly, unman- 
 arjeahle, unmeet, unmelodious, 
 unmotherly, unmusical, unob- 
 servant, unpardonable, un- 
 patriotic, unphilanthropic, un- 
 philosophic, unpoetic, unpro- 
 nounceable, unquenchable, un- 
 rational, unremunerative, un- 
 romantic, unscholarly, unscien- 
 tific, unselfish, unserviceable, 
 unsubstantial, unsuspicious, un- 
 thankful, untidy, unvocal, U7i- 
 warlike, unwatcfiful, univeary, 
 unwelcome, unwomanly, un- 
 worldly, and the like. (2.) To 
 past passive participles, to indi- 
 cate the absence of the con- 
 dition or state expressed by the 
 participle ; as, unabated, un- 
 abridged, unaccented, una- 
 dorned, unadulterated, unaid- 
 ed, unaltered, unanswered, un- 
 appreciated, unarmed, un- 
 asked, unassuted, unattempted, 
 unattended, unbaplized, unbi- 
 ased, unbleached, unbought, un- 
 called, unchanged, unchecked, 
 uncircumcised, unclouded, un- 
 compounded, unconfined, un- 
 congealed, unconquered, uncon- 
 strained, uncultivated, unde- 
 cided, undefended, undefiled, 
 undeserved, undesigned, undi- 
 gested, undiminished, un- 
 dimmed, undisguised, undis- 
 puted, undisturbed^ uneduca- 
 ted, unemployed, unenlight- 
 
 ened, unexhausted, unexplain- 
 ed, unexplored, unfathomed, 
 unfe'rmented, unforeseen, un- 
 fulfilled, unfurnished, unguard- 
 ed, unguessed, unharmed, un- 
 heeded, unhelped, unhonored, 
 unimpeached, uninclosed, un- 
 inhabited, uninspired, unleav- 
 ened, unloved, unmarried, un- 
 masked, unmatched, unmingled, 
 unmitigated, unmixed, un- 
 moved, unnerved, unnoticed, 
 unobserved, unobstructed, un- 
 ornamented, unperceived, un 
 polished, unpracticed, unpre- 
 meditated, imprepared, unpro- 
 tected, unprovoked, unpun- 
 ished, unread, unreconciled, un- 
 refined, unrelated, unrepresent- 
 ed, unresisted, unrewarded, un- 
 satisfied, unscathed, unsettled, 
 unshared, unsheltered, unshod, 
 unshorn, unskilled, unsolicited, 
 unsouaht, unstinted, unstudied, 
 unsullied, tumirpassed, unsus- 
 pected, untasted, untaught, un- 
 terrified, untried, untutored, 
 unvaried, unwarranted, nn- 
 ivedded, unwept, and the like. 
 (3.) To present participles 
 which come from intransitive I 
 verbs, or are themselves em- { 
 
 UNAWARE 
 
 plovcd as adjectives, to mark 
 the'^absence of the activity, dis- 
 position, or condition implied 
 by the participle; as unaccom- 
 modating, unasjnring, un- 
 blenching, uncalculating, un- 
 changing, uncomplctiniiig, un- 
 consuming, unconvincing^ un- 
 deserving, undiminishing, un- 
 disceining, undoubting. unedi- 
 fying, unenvying, unfading, un- 
 faltering, unflinching, ungrudg- 
 ing, unheeding, uninteresting ^ 
 uninviting, unujving, unmoving, 
 unobserving, unoffending, un- 
 pitying, unpleaging, unquestion- 
 ing, unrepining, unresisting, un- 
 resting, unsearching, umeeing, 
 unshrinking, unsuspecting, un- 
 sympathizing, unvarying, un- 
 wavering, and the like. 
 
 Un-a'ble, a. Not having 
 ability or power ; impotent. 
 
 Un/a€-Qept'a-ble, «• Not 
 acceptable ; disagreeable. 
 
 tJn/a-e-eount'a-ble, a. Not 
 to be accounted for; inex^ 
 plicable. 
 
 tJn'ad-vig'a-ble, a. Not ad- 
 visable ; inexpedient. 
 
 Un/af-fe€t'ed, a. Not af- 
 fected or moved ; not artifi- 
 cial ; simple ; natural. 
 
 tJn/al-loyed', a. Not alloyed; 
 pure. 
 
 Un-al'ter-a-ble, a. Not to 
 
 be'altered; changeless. 
 Un-a'mi-a-ble, «. Not ami- 
 able ; repelling affection ; 
 ill-natured, 
 tr/na-nim'i-ty, n. Agreement 
 in opinion or determination. 
 XT-nan'i-mous, a. Being of 
 one mind- ; harmonious ; 
 formed with the agreement 
 of all. [entire agreement, 
 tr-nan'i-mous-ly, adv. With 
 Un-an'swer-a-ble (-iin/ser-a- 
 bl), a. Not answerable ; not 
 to be refuted. 
 TJn-apt', a. Not apt gr ready ; 
 
 dull; stupid. 
 ■&n/as-sum'ing, a. Not as-,. 
 
 suming ; humble ; modest. 
 tJn/a-vail'ing, a. Of no 
 
 avail; ineffectual; useless. 
 Un^a-void'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be shunned ; necessary ; 
 inevitable. , 
 tJn/a-void'a-bly, adv. In- 
 evitably ; necessarily. 
 tJn'a-ware* , u. Without ' 
 
 g6n, or, dQ, W9lf, tub, took ; 
 
 tvu, rije, p^iTTcT^T^^/^^^ '^^^^ ' Xi^i^Si this. 
 
UNAWARES 
 
 thought ; inattentive ; giv- 
 ^ iug no lieed. 
 
 un/a-wares', adv. Suddenly ; 
 unexpectedl3^ 
 
 TJn-bar'j v.t. To remove a bar 
 
 ^ from ; to unfasten ; to open. 
 
 tJn/be-eom'ing, a. Not be- 
 coming; improper; unsuit- 
 
 ^ able ; indecorous. 
 
 Un/be-lief, n. Incredulity; 
 
 ^ skepticism ; infidelity. 
 TJn/be-liev'er, n. An infi- 
 
 ^ del ; a skeptic. 
 
 Un'be-liev'ing, a. Incredu- 
 lous; skeptical; infidel. 
 Un-bend', v. t. To relax or 
 slacken. — v. i. To become 
 relaxed. 
 Un-bend'ing, a. Unyielding ; 
 
 inflexible ; firm ; rigid. 
 Un-bPas (8), v. t. To free 
 
 from bias or prejudice. 
 TJn-bmd', v. t. To untie; to 
 
 unfasten ; to loose. 
 Un-blem'ished (-blem/isht), 
 
 «. Free from blemish ; pure ; 
 
 spotless, [happy ; wretched. 
 TJn-blest', a. Not blessed ; un- 
 Un-bolt', v.t. To remove a 
 
 bolt from ; to unfasten. 
 Un-born', a. Not born ; still 
 
 to appear ; future. 
 TJn-bo'§om (-bcToz/um), v. t. 
 
 To disclose freely ; to reveal. 
 TJn-bound'ed, a. Having no 
 
 bounds or limits ; infinite ; 
 
 unrestrained. 
 Un-bri'dle ,v.t. To free from , 
 
 or as from, the bridle. 
 Un-br5'ken (-bro/kn), a. En- 
 tire ; whole. 
 tJn-buck'le, v. t. To loose 
 
 from buckles ; to unfasten. 
 Un-bur'ied (-ber/id, 13), a. 
 
 Not buried ; disinterred. 
 TJn-bur'den, v. t. To rid of 
 
 a burden ; to throw off, as a 
 
 burden ; to relieve. 
 TTn-but'ton (-but/tn), v. t. To 
 
 loose the buttons of. 
 
 n-geas'ing, a. Not ceasing ; 
 
 continu.il ;_ j)erpetual. 
 
 n-ger^e-mo'ni-ous, a. Not 
 
 ceremonious ; informal ; fa- 
 miliar. 
 
 n-ger'tain, a. Not certain ; 
 precarious; insecure; doubt- 
 ful ; dubious. 
 
 282 
 
 UNDAUNTED 
 
 TJn-ger'tain-ly, adv. Not 
 
 certainly; doubtfully. 
 Un-ger'tain-ty, n. Want of 
 
 certamty ; doubtfulness. 
 Un-chairi', v.t. To free from 
 
 chains or thralldom. 
 Un-change'a-ble,a. Not sub- 
 ject to change ; immutable. 
 Un-change'a-bly,ai/v. With- 
 out change ; immutably. 
 Un-char'i-ta-ble, a. Having 
 no charity ; severe in judg- 
 ing ; harsh ; censorious. 
 Un-ehris'tian (-krist/yan), a. 
 Contrary to Christianity : 
 unbecoming a Christian. 
 IXn-church', v. t. To expel 
 
 from a church. 
 Un-giv'il, a. Not civil; im- 
 polite ; uncourteous ; rude. 
 Un-giv'il-ized, n. Not civil- 
 ized or reclaimed *rom sav- 
 age life ; rude ; barbarous ; 
 savage. 
 
 Un-giv'il-ly, adv. Rudely I 
 Un-elasp', v. t. To loose the 
 ^ clasp of. 
 
 "tn'-ele (unka), n. A father's 
 
 or a mother's brother. 
 Un-elean', a. Not clean ; 
 foul ; dirty ; filthy ; impure ; 
 sinful ; wicked. 
 Un ^lean'ness, n. Filthi- 
 ness ; impurity ; sinfulness. 
 TTn-elo§e', v. t. To open. 
 TJn-coil', V. L To unwind 
 
 and open. 
 Un-eome'ly, a. Not comely ; 
 
 homely ; disagreeable. 
 Un-€6m'fort-a-bIe, a. Af- 
 fording no comfort; giving 
 uneasiness. 
 Un-eom'fort-a-bly, adv. 
 Without comfort or cheer- 
 fulness. 
 
 TJn-eSm'mon, a. Not com- 
 mon ; infrequent ; rare ; un- 
 usual ; remarkable. 
 Un-€6m'mon-ly, adv. Unu- 
 sually. 
 
 Un-€6m'pro-mi§/ing, a. Not 
 agreeing to terms ; inflex- 
 ^ ible ; firm. 
 
 Un/^on-gern', n. Want of 
 ^ concern ; indifference. 
 Un/-con-gern'ed-ly, adv. 
 ^ Without concern. j 
 tJn/-eon-di'tion-al (-dlsh^- 1 
 
 un-), a. Not limited by con- 
 ditions; absolute. 
 Ur.-€6n'quer-a-ble (-konk^- 
 er-a-bl), a. Not to be con- 
 quered. - Syn. Invincible: 
 insuperable. 
 Un-€6n'scion-a-ble (-kon^- 
 shun-), a. Unreasonable; 
 inordinate ; enormous. 
 Un-corKscion-a-bly.at/t'. In 
 an unconscionable manner. 
 Un-€6n'scious (-kon/shus), 
 a. Not having conscious- 
 ness ; not made the object 
 of consciousness ; impercep- 
 tible. 
 
 Un-eon'scioiis-ly, adv. 
 
 Without consciousness. 
 Un--e6n'scious-ness, n. 
 Want of consciousness or 
 perception. 
 Un-€6n/sti-tu'tion-al, a. Not 
 constitutional; contrary to 
 the constitution. 
 Un-e6ii/sti-tu/tion-aPi-ty , n. 
 Quality of being unauthor- 
 ized by, or oppoted to, the 
 ^ constitution. 
 
 Un^-eon-trol'la-ble, a. Not 
 to be controlled ; ungovern- 
 ^ able. 
 
 Un^-eon-vert'ed, a. Not con- 
 verted or regenerated ; im- 
 penitent. 
 Un-eork', v. t. To draw the 
 
 cork from. 
 Un-eoert'e-ofis (-kfirt/e-us), 
 a. Uncivil ; rude ; impolite. 
 Un-eputh'(-ko"othO, a. Un- 
 familiar ; unusual ; not ren- 
 dered pleasing by familiari- 
 ty. — Syn. Odd; strange; 
 awkward. [ness. 
 Un-eouth'ness, n. Awkward- 
 Un-€6v'er, v. t. To take the 
 cover from ; to open. — v. i. 
 ^ To bare the head. 
 tJn-e'tion, n. Act of anoint- 
 ^ ing ; unguent ; ointment. 
 Un€t'u-ous (Kijkt/yi;-us), a. 
 
 Oily ; fat ; greasy, [a curb. 
 Un-<5urb', v. t. To free from 
 Un-€url', V. t. To straighten 
 out, as any thing that has 
 been curled. [date. 
 Un-dat'ed, a. Having no 
 Un-daunt'ed, a. Fearless; 
 bold ; brave ; intrepid. 
 
 , 5, T, o, u, J^, long ; a, g, I, a, short ; care, car, ask, gll, wh^it ; ere, veil, tCrm ; pique, ftrm^- 
 
UNDECEIVE 
 
 283 
 
 To free 
 
 trn^de-geive', v. 
 from deception. 
 
 Un'de-m'a-ble, a. Impossi- 
 ble to be denied ; palpably 
 true ; obvious. [putably. 
 
 IJn'de-ni/a-'bly, adv. Indis- 
 
 tTn'der, prep. Lower than ; 
 beneath ; below. — a. Lower 
 in rank ; subordinate ; in- 
 ferior. —ac/f. In a lower 
 condition ; in subjection. 
 
 iJiyder-a'gent, n. A subor- 
 dinate agent. 
 
 fi'iVder-bid', v. t. To bid or 
 offer less than. 
 
 tJn'der-brush, n. Small trees 
 and shrubs in a wood. 
 
 Un'der-cur^rent, n. A cur- 
 rent below the surface. 
 
 "CTn^der-do', v. To do less than 
 is requisite or desirable. 
 
 tTn^der-go', v.t. To bear ; to 
 endure ; to suffer ; to sus- 
 tain ; to pass through. 
 
 ■&nMer-grad'u-ate, n. A 
 student in a college who has 
 not taken his degree. 
 
 tJn'der-ground, a. Being 
 below the surface of the 
 ground ; subterranean. 
 
 tJn'der-growth, n. Shrubs 
 which grow under trees. 
 
 tJn'der-hand, a. Clandes- 
 tine ; secret ; sly. — adv. By 
 secret means ; by fraud. 
 
 tJn'der-hand/ed, a. Claudes- 
 tine. 
 
 tJn/der-lay', t. To lay 
 under or beneath. 
 
 ■&n/der-let', v. t. To let or 
 lease under a lease. 
 
 ■&n/der-lie', v. t. To lie un- 
 der ; to be the basis of. 
 
 ■&n/der-lme', v. t. To mark 
 a line beneath, as words. 
 
 tJn'der-ling, n. An inferior. 
 
 t5"n/der-mine', v. t. To ex- 
 cavate the earth beneath ; 
 to ruin or injure in an un- 
 derhand way. 
 
 tJn^der-neath' (or -neethO, 
 adv. or prep. Under ; be- 
 neath. 
 
 Un/der-pm', v. t. To lay 
 stones under, as under the 
 sills of a building. 
 
 tJn'der-pm'ning, n. Stones 
 on which a building rests. 
 
 tJn/der-rate', v. L To rate 
 
 below the value. 
 tJn/der-s-core', v. t. To draw 
 
 a line or mark under. 
 tJn/der-sell', v. t. To sell 
 
 cheaper than another. 
 tJn/der-sign' (-sin/), v. t. To 
 write one's name at the foot 
 or end of. 
 trn'der-sh6t/, a. Moved by 
 water passing beneath ; — 
 said of a water-wheel. 
 tJn/der-stand', v. t. [imp. & 
 
 p. p. UNDERSTOOD.] To 
 
 comprehend ; to know ; to 
 have information ; to sup- 
 pose to mean. 
 tJn/der-stand'ing (8), n. 
 Knowledge ; interpretation ; 
 the intellectual powers ; in- 
 tellect ; judgment ; sense. 
 tJiVder-stdbd', imp. & p. p. 
 
 of Understand. 
 Un'der-strap/per, n. An in- 
 ferior agent ; a subaltern. 
 tJn/der-take',r. t. [hnp. un- 
 dertook; p.p. UNDER- 
 TAKEN.] To take in hand ; 
 to attempt ; to engage in. 
 Un/der-tak'er, n. One who 
 undertakes; one who takes 
 the management of funerals. 
 Un/der-tak'ing, n. An enter- 
 prise ; any business, [take. 
 tJn/der-tdbk', imp. of Under- 
 tJTn/der-tone, n. A low tone. 
 tJii'der-tow, n. A current of 
 water below having a differ- 
 ent direction from that on 
 the surface. [derp^o. 
 tJn/der-went', imp. of Un- 
 tJn/der-val'ue, v. t. To rate 
 
 below the worth 
 Un'der-w(5bd, w. Small trees. 
 "&n/der-work' (-wQrkO, t'- ^• 
 To do like work at a less 
 price than. 
 Un'der-write/ (-ritO^f - i- To 
 insure. [insurer. 
 tJn'der-writ/er {-v\t'-), n. An 
 tJn/de-sign'ing (-sin/- or 
 -z\n'-),a. Artless; sincere. 
 Un-de'vi-a^ting, a. Not de- 
 viating ; steady ; regular. 
 tJn/di-vid'ed, a. Not divided ; 
 
 whole ; entire. 
 Un-do', V. t. [imp. undid ; 
 j9. UNDONE.] To reverse 
 
 UNEVEN 
 
 what has been done ; tp 
 take to pieces ; to unfasten ; 
 to ruin. 
 Un-do'ing, n. Be versa! ; ruin. 
 Un-done' (-dtin/), Un- 
 fastened ; ruined ; not done ; 
 unfinished. 
 Un-doubt'ed (-dout/ed), a- 
 Not doubted ; indubitable; 
 indisputable. 
 Un-doubt'ed-ly (-dout/-), 
 
 adv. Indisputably. 
 Un-dress', v.t. To divest of 
 clothes ; to strip ; to dis- 
 robe ; to deprive of orna- 
 ments. 
 
 Un'dress, n. A loose, neg- 
 ligent dress. 
 Un-due', a. Not due; ex- 
 cessive ; immoderate. 
 tJn'du-late, v. t. or i. To 
 move backward and for- 
 ward, or up and down, as a 
 wave ; to vibrate. 
 Un'du-la/ted, a. Waved; 
 
 wavy ; undulatory. 
 tJn/du-la'tion, n. A waving 
 
 motion or vibration. 
 tJii'du-la-to-ry, a. Moving 
 
 like waves ; vibratory. 
 Un-du'ly, adv. In an undue 
 manner ; improperly ; ex- 
 cessively. 
 Un-dy'ing, a. Not dying ; not 
 subject to death ; immortal. 
 Un-earth', v. t. To draw 
 from the earth; to remove 
 the earth from ; to uncover ; 
 to bring to light. 
 Un-earth'ly, a. Not terres- 
 trial ; supernatural 
 Un-ea'si-ness, n. Disquiet 
 
 perturbation. 
 Un-ea'§y, a. Not easy ; rest- 
 less ; disturbed. 
 Un-end'ing, a. Not ending ; 
 
 everlasting ; eternal. 
 Un-e'qual, a. Not equal, or 
 even ; inferior ; inadequate ; 
 disproportioned ; partial ; 
 unjust : unfair. 
 Un-e'qual-ly, adv. In dif- 
 ferent degrees ; unfairly. 
 Un/e-qmv'o-eal, a. ^ Not 
 
 equivocal ; clear ; evident. 
 Un-err'ing, a. Committing 
 
 no mistake ; certain. 
 Un-e'ven (-e/vn), a. Not 
 
 B6n, or, do, W9lf, i^o, tdbk; to, rye, p\ill ; f, ^, soft; g, hard; ; e^ist 5 u as ng 
 
 this. 
 
UNEVENNESS 
 
 even ; not level or uniform ; 
 
 rough ; irregular. 
 Un-e'ven-ness, n. Want of 
 
 equality or uniformity. 
 ■&n^ex-Qep'tion-a-ble, a. Not 
 
 liable to objection; fault- 
 ^ less ; good. 
 
 Un/ex-gep'tion-a-bly, adv. 
 
 So as to be liable to no ob- 
 ^ jection. 
 
 Un^ex-pe-et'ed, a. Not ex- 
 pected ; sudden ; coming 
 without warning. [denly. 
 
 Un/ex-pe-et'ed-ly, adv. Sud- 
 
 Un-fail'ing, a. Not failing; 
 not liable to fail ; abiding. 
 
 Un-fair', a. Not fair ; disin- 
 genuous ; dishonest. 
 
 Un-fair'ly, adv. In an un- 
 fair manner ; dishonestly. 
 
 Un-fair'ness, w. Want of 
 fairness or honesty. 
 
 Un-faith'ful, a. Not faith- 
 ful ; negligent of duty ; 
 treacherous ; perfidious. 
 
 Un-faith'ful-ness, Breach 
 of faith ; infidelity. 
 
 Un-fasli'ion-a-ble, a. Not 
 according to the fashion. 
 
 Un-fast'en (-fas^n), v. t. To 
 loose ; to unbind ; to untie. 
 
 Un-fatii'om-a-ble, a. Not 
 to be fathomed ; profound. 
 
 Un-fa'vor-a-ble, a. Not fa- 
 vorable ; adverse ; contrary. 
 
 Un-feel'ing, a. Void of feel- 
 ing or sensibility ; insensi- 
 ble ; cruel; hard-hearted. 
 
 Un-feign«d' (-fandO, a. Not 
 feigned ; real ; sincere. 
 
 Un-feign'ed-ly (-fan/-), adv. 
 Without hypocrisy. 
 
 Un-fiPial (-yal), a. Not be- 
 coming a son or daughter. 
 
 Un-fm'ished (-fm/isht), a. 
 Not finished ; incomplete ; 
 imperfect. 
 
 Un-fit', V. t. To disable ; to 
 disqualify. — a. Not fit or 
 quahfied.— Syn. Improper ;• 
 unqualified ; incompetent. 
 
 Un-fix', V. t. To loosen ; to 
 unsettle. 
 
 Un-fold', V. t. To expand; 
 
 ^ to spread out; to disclose. 
 
 Un/for-giv'ing, a. Not dis- 
 posed to forgive ; implaca- 
 ble ; inexorable. 
 
 284 
 
 Un-fort'u-nate, a. Not for- 
 tunate ; not successful. 
 Un-found'ed, a. Having no 
 foundation ; baseless ; vain. 
 Un-friend^y, a. Not friend- 
 ly ; unfavorable ; hostile. 
 Un-fruit'ful, a. Not fruit- 
 ful ; barren ; sterile. 
 Un-furl% V. t. To unfold ; to 
 open or spread ; to expand. 
 Un-fur'nish, v. t. To «trip 
 of furniture ; to leave 
 naked or bare. 
 Un-gain'ly, a. Not expert 
 or dexterous ; clumsy ; 
 awkward; uncouth. 
 XJn-gen'er-ous, a. Not gen- 
 erous ; illiberal ; unkind ; 
 mean; dishonorable. 
 Un-god'li-ness, n. Impiety. 
 Un-god'ly, a. Irreligious ; 
 
 wicked ; impious ; sinful. 
 Un-gov'ern-a-ble, a. Not to 
 be governed or restrained ; 
 wild ; licentious, 
 irn-grage'ful, a. Wanting 
 grace ; inelegant ; awkward ; 
 clumpy ; uncouth. 
 TJn-gra'cious, a. Not gra- 
 cious ; showing no kindness 
 of heart ; unpleasing. 
 Un-grate'ful, a. Not grate- 
 ful ; unthankful ; disagree- 
 _ able. 
 
 Un'guent (ung/gwent), n. An 
 ointment. 
 
 Un-hal 'lowed, a. Profane; 
 unholy ; impure ; wicked. 
 
 Un-hand's6me (-lian/sum), 
 a. Not handsome ; illiberal ; 
 unfair; impolite. 
 
 Un-hand's6me-ly (-h3n/- 
 sum-), adi\ Ungracefully ; 
 illiberally ; unfairly. 
 
 Un-Mnd'y, a. Not handy; 
 awkward ; inexpert. 
 
 Un-hap'pi-ly, adv. Unfort- 
 imately ; miserably. 
 
 Un-Mp'pi-ness, n. Calam- 
 ity ; misfortune ; infelicity. 
 
 Un-hap'py, a. Not hap])y or 
 fortunate ; rather misera- 
 ble ; evil ; calamitous. 
 
 Un-har'nesSji'. t. To strip of 
 harness ; to divest of armor. 
 
 Un-health'y, a. Wanting 
 health ; unsound ; sickly ; i 
 insalubrious. 
 
 Unicorn. 
 
 UNIPAROUS 
 
 Un-heard' (-herd/), a. Not 
 heard ; unknown ; obscure. 
 
 Un-hmge', v.t. To take from 
 the hinges ; to displace ; to 
 unfix by violence. 
 
 Un-hitch',t'. t. To loose from 
 being hitched ; to unfasten. 
 
 Un-ho'li-ness, n. Want of 
 holiness ; impiety ; sinful- 
 ness ; wickedness. 
 
 Un-ho'ly, a. Not holy ; pro- 
 fane ; wicked ; impious. 
 
 Un-hdbk', v. t. To loose from 
 a hook. 
 
 Un-horse', v. t. To throw 
 from a horse or saddle. 
 
 Un-hurt', a. Not hurt ; safe 
 and sound ; whole. 
 
 tj'ni-eorn, n. A 
 fabulous ani- 
 mal with one . 
 horn. 
 
 U/ni-fi-ea'tion, 
 n. Act of so 
 uniting with ; 
 another as to 
 make one be- 
 
 _ iug- 
 
 U'ni-form, a. Having always 
 the same form. — Syn. 
 Equal ; even ; alike ; un de- 
 viating. — n. A dress of the 
 same kind worn by persons 
 who belong to the same 
 regiment, &c. 
 Tj/ni-form'i-ty, n. Resem- 
 blance to itself at all times ; 
 consistency ; sameness. 
 tJ'ni-form-ly, adv. In a uni- 
 ^ form manner. 
 tJn/im-peach'a-ble, a. Not 
 to be impeached ; free from 
 ^ stain or fault ; blameless. 
 Un/in-tel'li-gi-ble, a. Not 
 intelligible; not to be un- 
 derstood ; obscure. 
 Un-in'ter-est-ed, a. Having 
 no interest or property in ; 
 not having the mind inter- 
 ested or engaged. 
 Un'ion (yyn/yun), n. Act of 
 uniting ; junction ; coali- 
 tion ; confederation ; har- 
 mony ; concord ; upper in- 
 ner corner of a flag. [ion. 
 Un'ion-ist, n. A lover of un- 
 U-nip'a-rous, a. Producing 
 one at a birth. 
 
 ^> «i 1, Of y, long; a, e, 1, 6, ti , f, short ; care, car, ask, ftU, whgit ; ere, veil, term ; piaue, firm ; 
 
UNIQUE 
 
 285 UNPRINCIPLED 
 
 ir-niqtie'(yi]-neek/),«. Single 
 in kind or excellence ; with- 
 out a like or equal. 
 
 "Or'ni-son, n. Agreement ; 
 concord ; union ; accord- 
 ance or coincidence of 
 sounds. 
 
 U-nis'o-nant, ) a. Being in 
 U-nis'o-nous, I unison ; 
 
 sounded together. 
 0'nit, n. One ; a single per- 
 son or thing ; the least 
 whole number. 
 tJ/ni-ta'ri-an, n. One who 
 believes that God exists only 
 in one person. — a. Per- 
 taining to Unitarians. 
 tJ/ni-ta'ri-an-igm, n. The 
 
 doctrines of Unitarians. 
 XJ-nite', V. t. To join or put 
 together; to form a whole. 
 — v.i. To become one; to 
 act in concert. 
 U-nit'ed-ly, adv. With 
 
 union, or joint efforts. 
 "Cr'ni-ty, n. State of being 
 one ; oneness ; concord ; any 
 definite quantity or aggre- 
 gate taken as one. 
 tJ'ni-vaive, \ a. Haying 
 ■Q^ni-vaiv'u-lar, ) one valve 
 
 only, as a shell. 
 tT'iii-valve, n. A shell hav- 
 ing one valve only. 
 ■Q/ni-ver'sal, a. Extending 
 
 to all ; whole ; total. 
 "CF/ni-vgr'sal-ism, n. Belief 
 
 that all men will be saved, 
 tr^ni-ver'sal-ist, n. An ad- 
 herent to Universalism . 
 tJ^ni-ver-sai'i-ty, n. State 
 or quality of being univer- 
 sal ; unlimited extension, 
 tr ^ni- ver's al-ly, adv. 
 
 Throughout the whole. 
 U'ni-verse, n. The whole 
 
 system of created things, 
 tr-'ni-ver'si-ty, n. An insti- 
 tution where all the sciences 
 and arts are taught. 
 TJn-just', a. Contrary or op- 
 posed to justice ; wrongful ; 
 iniquitous. 
 Un-jtist'ly, adv. Wrongfully. 
 Un-klnd', a. Not kind ; 
 
 cruel ; harsh. 
 TTn-kmd'ly, adv. With un- 
 kindness ; cruelly. — a. Un- 
 
 natural ; unfavorable ; ma- 
 lignant. 
 Un-kind'ness, n. Want of 
 
 kindness. 
 Un-knit' (-nit/), v. t. To sep- 
 arate, as threads that are 
 knit ; to open. 
 Un-know'ing-ly (-noting-), 
 
 adv. Ignorantly. 
 Un-lage', v. t. To unfasten ; 
 
 to loose the dress of. 
 Un-lade', v. t. To unload ; 
 
 to discharge. 
 Un-law'ful, a. Not lawful; 
 
 contrary to law ; illegal. 
 Un-law'ful-ly, adv. In vio- 
 lation of law; illegally. 
 Un-law'ful-ness,n. Illegal- 
 ity; contrariety to law. 
 Un-learn', v. t. To forget, 
 
 as what has been learned. 
 Un-learn'ed, a. Ignorant; 
 
 illiterate. [not. 
 Un-16ss', conj. Except; if 
 Un-let'tered, a. Illiterate. 
 Un-like', a. Not like ; dis- 
 similar ; diverse, [probable. 
 Un-like'ly,a. Not likely : im- 
 Un-like'ness, n. Want of 
 resemblance ; dissimilitude. 
 Un-lim'it-ed, a. Not limited ; 
 boundless ; undefined : in- 
 definite ; not restrained. 
 TJn-link', v. t. To separate, 
 
 as links ; to disconnect. 
 Un-load', v. t. To relieve of 
 
 a load ; to disburden. 
 Un-16ck', V. t. To unfasten, 
 as what is locked; to ex- 
 plain ; to open, [loveliness. 
 Un-16ve'li-ness, n. Want of 
 Un-16ve'ly, a. Not amiable ; 
 
 disagreeable ; repellant. 
 TJn-liick'y, a. Not lucky ; 
 
 unfortunate; unhappy. 
 Un-man', v. i. To deprive 
 of virility or strength ; to 
 dishearten. 
 TJn-man'ly, a. Unsuitable 
 to a man ; effeminate ; ig- 
 noble; base. [rude. 
 Un-man'nered, a. Uncivil: 
 Un-man'ner-ly, a. Ill-bred ; 
 
 uncivil ; rude in behavior. 
 Un-mask', v. t. To remove 
 
 a mask or disguise from, 
 Un-mean'ing, a. Having no 
 meaning or expression. 
 
 Un-mer'gi-ful, a. Having no 
 
 mercy ; cruel ; inhunian. 
 Un-mobr', v. t. To cause to 
 ride with a single anchor, 
 after having been moored 
 by two or more cables. 
 Un-n^t'ur-al, a Contrary 
 to the laws of nature, or to 
 natural feelings. 
 Un-neg'es-sa-ri-ly, adv. 
 
 Without necessity. 
 Un-neg'es-sa-ry, a. Not 
 necessary ; useless ; needless. 
 Un-neigh'bor-ly (-UcVbur-), 
 a. Not becoming a neigh- 
 bor; unfriendly; unkind. 
 TJn-nerve', r. t. To deprive 
 of nerve or strength ; to en- 
 feeble : to weaken. 
 Un-num'bered.a. Not num- 
 bered, or not possible to be 
 ^ nunibered ; countless. 
 tJn/ob-tru'sive, a. Not ob- 
 trusive or forward ; modest. 
 Un-6s/ten-ta'tious, a. Not 
 ostentatious ; not making a 
 showy display ; modest. 
 Un-pS.ck', V. t. To open, as 
 
 things packed. 
 Un-pal'a-ta-ble, rt. Notpala- 
 
 table : disagreeable. 
 Un-par/al-leled, a. Having 
 no parallel or equal ; match- 
 less ; peerless. 
 Un-par/Iia-ment'a-ry, a. 
 Contrary to the usages of 
 Parliament or the rules of 
 legislative bodies. 
 Un-pm', V. t. To unfasten 
 or undo, as what is pinned. 
 Un-pleas'ant, a. Not pleas- 
 ant ; di'spleasing ; disagree- 
 able. 
 
 Un-pop'u-lar, a. Not enjoy- 
 ing public favor; disliked 
 by the people ; disposing to 
 public disfavor. 
 Un-preQ'e-dent-ed, n. Hav- 
 ing no precedent ; novel. 
 Un-prej'u-diced (-prej']]- 
 dist), a. Free from preju- 
 dice or bias ; impartial. 
 Un-pre-tend'ing, a. Not 
 making pretensions ; mod- 
 est. 
 
 Un-prm'gi-pled, a. Devoid 
 1 of moral principle ; destitute 
 of virtue ; profligate. 
 
 »6n, or, dQ, wQlf , too, took ; to, rye, pnU ; p, g:, soft ; g, hard ; a§ ; exist ; c as ng ; this. 
 
UNPRODUCTIVE 
 
 286 
 
 UNTIL 
 
 tJn/pro-du€'tive, a. Not 
 fruitful ; barren ; sterile. 
 
 Un-prof'it-a-ble, a. Pro- 
 ducing no profit ; serving no 
 purpose ; useless. 
 
 Un-pr6m'is-ing, a. Giving 
 no promise of good. 
 
 tJn/pro-pi'tious ( -pish/us ,) a. 
 Not favorable ; dark ; dis- 
 couragingj adverse. 
 
 Un-qual'i-fied, a. Not quali- 
 fied ; not fit ; absolute. 
 
 Un-ques'tion-a-ble (-kwest/- 
 yun-), a. Not to be ques- 
 tioned or doubted ; indubi- 
 table ; certain. 
 
 Un-ques'tion-a-bly (-kwest^- 
 yun-), adv. Beyond all 
 doubt ; indubitably, [less. 
 
 Un-qui'et, a. Uneasy ; rest- 
 
 Un-rav'el (-rava, S),v. t. To 
 disentangle ; to solve. 
 
 Un-re'al, a. Not real ; hav- 
 ing appearance only, 
 
 Un-rea'son-a-ble (-rS/zn-), a. 
 Exceeding the bounds of 
 reason ; immoderate ; exor- 
 bitant ; inordinate. 
 
 Un-rea'son-a-ble-ness, n. 
 State of being unreasonable. 
 
 Uii-rea'son-a-bly, adv. Ex- 
 
 ^ cessiveTy ; immoderately. 
 
 Un^re-gen'er-ate, a. Not 
 regenerate ; remaining at 
 
 ^ enmity with God. 
 
 tJn/re-lent'ing, a. Feeling 
 
 ^ n-o pity ; hard ; cruel. 
 
 Un^re-mit'ting, a. Not abat- 
 ing ; incessant ; continued ; 
 
 ^ persevering. 
 
 TJn're-gerve', n. Absence of 
 
 ^ reserve ; perfect frankriess. 
 
 tJii^re-§erved', a. Open ; 
 
 ^ frank ; free ; ingenuous. 
 
 Un^re-§erv'ed-ly, adv. \Fith- 
 out reservation ; frankly. 
 
 Un-rest', n. Wfint of rest or 
 repose ; unquietness. [ging. 
 
 Un-rig', V. t. To strip of rig- 
 'Un-right'eoiis (-ri/chus), a. 
 Not righteous ; unjust ; 
 wicked ; evil. 
 
 Un-right'eous-ness (-ri^- 
 chus-), n. ^yickedness. 
 
 Un-rlpe', a. Not ripe ; imma- 
 ture. 
 
 Un-ri'valed, ) a. Having no 
 Un-ri' vailed, i rival; peerless. 
 
 Un-riv'et, v. t. To loose the 
 
 rivets of ; to unfasten. 
 Uii-r6be% v. t. To disrobe; 
 
 to undress. 
 Un-roll', V. t. To open, as 
 what is rolled ; to display. 
 
 Un-roof , V. t. To strip off 
 the roof or covering of. 
 
 Un-root', V. t. To eradicate. 
 
 Un-ruf fled, a. Not ruffled ; 
 calm ; tranquil ; quiet. 
 
 Un-ru'ly, a. Ungovernable ; 
 turbulent ; refractory. 
 
 Un-sad'dle, v. t. To take a 
 saddle from ; to unhorse. 
 
 Un-safe', a. Not safe ; not 
 free from danger ; danger- 
 ousj perilous. 
 
 TJn-saPa-ble (11), a. Not hav- 
 ing a quick sale. 
 
 Un-saVis-fa-c'to-ry, a. Not 
 affording satisfaction. 
 
 Un-sa'vor-y, a. Not savory ; 
 havjng a bad taste ; insipid. 
 
 TJn-say', v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 UNSAID.] To recall, as 
 what has been said. 
 
 Un-s€rew' (-skrij/), v. t. To 
 loose from screws ; to with- 
 draw, as a screw. 
 
 Un-s€ru'pu-lous, a. Having 
 no scruples ; unprincipled. 
 
 Un-seal', v. t. To open, as 
 ' what is sealed. 
 
 Un-search'a-ble, a. Not to 
 be searched into ; inscruta- 
 ble; mysterious. 
 
 Un-sea'son-a-ble (-se/zn-),a. 
 Not seasonable ; ill-timed ^ 
 untimely ; unfit. 
 
 Un-sea'son-a-bly, adv. Not 
 in due "season, [from a seat. 
 
 Un-seat', v. t. To throw 
 
 Un seem'Iy, a. Not seemly ; 
 unbecoming ; indecent ; im- 
 proper. — adv. Indecently, 
 
 Un-seen', a. Not seen : invisi- 
 ble, [disturb. 
 
 Un-set'tle, v. t. To unfix ; to 
 
 Un-shack'le, v. t. To loose 
 from shackles ; to set free. 
 
 Un-shak'en, a. Not shaken ; 
 firm ;_ stable. 
 
 Un-sheathe', v. t. To draw 
 from the sheath. [a ship, 
 
 Un-ship', V. t. To take out of 
 
 Un-sight'ly (-sTt/ly), a. Not 
 sightly ; deformed ; ugly. 
 
 Un-skill'ful, ) a. Wanting 
 Un-skil'fui, ) skill or dex- 
 terity ; clumsy. 
 Un-skiU'ful-ness, ) n. Want 
 Un-skiPful-ness, j of skill; 
 
 clumsiness. 
 Un-so'cia-ble (-so^sha-bl), a. 
 
 Not sociable ; averse to so- 
 ^ ciety. 
 
 tJn/so-phis'ti-«a/ted, a. Not 
 adulterated ; pure ; j^imple. 
 
 Un-sound', a. Not sound ; 
 defective ; deceptive. 
 
 TJn-sound'ness, n. Defect- 
 iveness; infirmity. 
 
 Un-spar'ing, a. Not sparing; 
 liberal ; profuse. 
 
 Un-speak'a-ble, a. Not to be 
 uttered or expressed; inef- 
 fable; unutterable. 
 
 Un-speak'a-bly, adv. In- 
 expressibly ; unutterably. 
 
 Un-sp6t'ted, a. Not spotted ; 
 spotless ; pure ; immaculate. 
 
 Un-sta'ble, a. Not stable or 
 steady. — Syn. Inconstant; 
 irresolute ; wavering ; muta- 
 ble; changeful. 
 
 Un-stead'y, a. Not steady 5 
 mutable ; variable ; change- 
 able. 
 
 Un-stop', t. To take a 
 stopple or any obstruction 
 from ; to open. 
 
 Un-string', v. t. To deprive 
 of strings ; to relax ; to 
 loosen ; to take from a 
 -String. 
 
 tJn/su-c-Qgss'ful, a. Not suc- 
 cessful ; meeting with fail- 
 ure ; unhappy. 
 
 Un-suit'a-ble, a. Not suit- 
 able ; unfit ; improper. 
 
 Un-siiit'a-bly, adv. In an 
 unsuitable manner ; incon- 
 gruously, [song. 
 
 TJn-sung', a. Not recited io 
 
 TJn-swathe', v. t. To relieve 
 from a bandage. 
 
 Un-tam'a-ble, a. Not to be 
 tamed or subdued. 
 
 Un-think'ing, a. Thought- 
 less ; inconsiderate. 
 
 Un-thrift'y, a. Prodigal ; not 
 thriving ; profuse ; lavish. 
 
 Un-tie', t. To loosen, as a 
 knot ; to unbind. 
 
 Un-til' (16), prep. Till; as 
 
 5, 6, 1, 5, Q, y, long: a, Y, 5, tt, y, short ; care, car, &sk, all, what ; ere, vgil, tSrm ; pYque, fTrm ; 
 
UNTIMELY 
 
 287 
 
 URGENCY 
 
 far as. — conj. Up to the 
 
 time that ; till. 
 TJn-time'ly, a. Not timely ; 
 
 premature ; unseasonable. 
 Un-tir'ing, a. Not tiring ; 
 
 enduring ; patient ; indefat- 
 ^ igable. 
 
 Vn' to, prep. To. 
 
 Un-told', a. Not told ; not re- 
 lated ; not numbered. 
 
 TJn-to'ward, a. Froward ; re- 
 fractory ; awkward ; cross ; 
 inconvenient. 
 
 tJn-tract'a-hle, a. Ungovern- 
 able ; stubborn ; intractable. 
 
 Un-tr4v'eled, a. Not trodden 
 by passengers ; not trav- 
 eled ; never having seen 
 foreign countries. 
 
 Un-true', a. Not true ; false ; 
 contrary to fact ; disloyal. 
 
 Un-tm'ly, adv. Falsely. 
 
 Un-triiss', v. t. To loose from 
 a truss ; to let out. 
 
 Un-truth', n. Falsehood ; 
 treachery ; a lie. 
 
 Un-twme', v. t. To untwist. 
 
 tin- twist', V. t. To separate 
 and open, as twisted 
 threads ; to disentangle. 
 
 Un-used', a. Not used ; not 
 accustomed. 
 
 Un-u'§u-al (-yn^zhi]-), a. Not 
 usual ; uncommon ; rare ; 
 infrequent. 
 
 TJn-ut'ter-a-ble, a. Not to 
 be uttered ; inexpressible. 
 
 Un-var'nished (-var/nisht), 
 a. Not varnished ; plain ; 
 truthful. 
 
 Un-veil', v. t. To remove a 
 veil from ; to uncover. 
 
 Un-wa'ri-ly, adv. Heedlessly ; 
 carelessly. 
 
 Un-wa'ri-ness, n. Want of 
 caution ; heedlessness. 
 
 Un-war'rant-a-ble (un-wor^- 
 rant-), a. Not warrantable ; 
 illegal; improper. 
 
 Uri-war'rant-a-bly, adv. 
 Without warrant or author- 
 ity ; improperly. 
 
 Un-wa'ry, a. Not vigilant or 
 cautious ; precipitate. 
 
 Un-wea'ried, a. Not wea- 
 ried ; indefatigable. 
 
 Un-weave', v. t. Toundo^as 
 what has been woven. 
 
 Un-wgll', a. Not well ; indis- 
 posed ; ill ; aihng. 
 
 Un-whole's6me (-hol^sum), 
 a. Not wholesome ; insalu- 
 brious. 
 
 Un-wield'y, a. Unmanage- 
 ble ; bulky ; ponderous, 
 
 Un-will'ing, a. Not willing : 
 reluctant ; loath ; disin- 
 clined. 
 
 Un-wind', v. t, [imp. & p. p. 
 UNWOUND.] To wind otf; 
 to untwist ; to disentangle. 
 
 Un-wlse', a. Not wise ; in- 
 judicfous ; indiscreet. 
 
 Un-wit'ting-ly, adv. With- 
 out knowledge ; ignorantly. 
 
 Un-w6nt'ed, a. Unaccus- 
 tomed ; uncommon ; infre- 
 quent ; rare. 
 
 Un-wor'thi-ly (-wflr/thT-), 
 adv. Not according to desert. 
 
 Un-wor'tiii-ness (-wQr/tlii-), 
 n. Want of worth. 
 
 Un-wor'tiiy (-wCir^tliJO, «• 
 Not worthy ; wanting merit ; 
 worthless ; discreditable. 
 
 Un- wreathe' (-reeth/), v. t. 
 To untwist, as any thing 
 wreathed. 
 
 Un- writ 'ten (-rTtan), a. Not 
 written ; oral ; blank. 
 
 Un-yield'ing, a. Not yield- 
 ing ; stubborn ; obstinato. 
 
 Un-y5ke', v. t. To loose from 
 
 ^ a yoke. 
 
 Up, adv. Aloft ; on high ; 
 above ; from a lower to a 
 higher position ; in a higher 
 place or position ; complete- 
 ly. — prep. From a lower 
 to a higher place on or 
 along ; at the top of. 
 
 Up-braid', v. t. To charge 
 with something wrong ; to 
 reprove severely. — Syn. To 
 
 ^ reproach ; blame ; censure. 
 
 tJp'-east, a. Thrown upward. 
 
 Up-heave', v. t. To heave or 
 lift up from beneath 
 
 Up-heav'al, n. A heaving 
 
 ^ up from beneath. 
 
 Up'hill, a. Ascending; diffi- 
 cult ; laborious. 
 
 Up-hold', V. t. [imp. & p.p. 
 UPHELD.] To elevate ; to 
 support ; to maintain ; to 
 countenance. 
 
 Up-hold'er, n. One who up- 
 holds, [furnishes houses. 
 
 Up-hol'ster-er, n. One who 
 
 Up-hol'ster-y, n. Furniture 
 
 ^ supplied by upholsterers. 
 
 tJp'land, n. High land. — a. 
 Higher in situation. 
 
 Up-lift', v. t. To raise aloft. 
 
 Up-6n', prep. On ; — in all 
 
 ^ the senses of that word. 
 
 Up'per, a. Further up ; 
 
 _ higher in place ; superior. 
 
 Up'per-hand^ n. Ascenden- 
 
 ^ cy ; superiority. 
 
 Up'per-most, a. Highest in 
 place or rank. [hft up. 
 
 Up-raige', v. t. To raise; to 
 
 Up'right or Up-right' (-rlt), 
 a. Erect ; perpendicular ; 
 
 _ just ; honest. 
 
 tJp'rlght-ly or Up-right'ly 
 (-rit-), adv. In an upright 
 
 ^ manner ; honestly. 
 
 tJp'right-ness or Up-right'- 
 ness (-rlt-), n. Erectness ; 
 
 ^ honesty. 
 
 tJp'roar, n. Great noise and 
 
 disturbance ; tumult. 
 Up-rdbt', v. t. To root up ; to 
 
 eradicate. 
 Up-set', V. t. To overturn : to 
 ^ overset. [elusion. 
 Up'shot, n. Final issue ; con- 
 Up'side, 11. The upper side. 
 Up'start, n. One suddenly 
 ^ raised to wealth or power. 
 Up'ward, a. Directed to a 
 
 higher place, 
 tlp'ward, ) adv. Toward a 
 tJp'wards, j higher place ; 
 
 above ; in the upper parts. 
 U-ra'ni-um , n . A metal . 
 "O'''ran-og'ra-phy, \n. A dc- 
 0^ran-61'o-gy, I scription 
 
 of the heavens and heavcn- 
 _ ly bodies. [ets. 
 TJ'ra-nus, n. One of the plan- 
 'O'r'ban, a. Pertaining to a 
 
 city. 
 
 Ur-bane', a. PoHte; court-. 
 
 eous ; refined. 
 Ur-ban'i-ty, n. Politeness ; 
 
 courtesy. [hog. 
 'O'r'chin, n. A child ; a. hedge- 
 Crge, V. t. To impress; to 
 
 impel ; to incite; to solicit. 
 "O'r'gen-gy, n. Pressure of 
 necessity ; importunity. 
 
 B6n, or, do, W9lf, tcTo, tdbk ; firn, rye, p\ill ; 9, ^, soft; €, g, hard ; as ; exist ; o as np: ; this. 
 
URGENT 
 
 288 
 
 VAIN 
 
 Or'^ent, a. Pressing ; ear- 
 nest ; importunate. 
 
 t^'ri-nal, n. A vessel for urine. 
 
 "O'ri-na-ry, a. Relating to, or 
 resembling, urine. 
 
 tjT'rme, n. A fluid secreted by 
 the kidneys. 
 
 tjrn, 11. A vessel of various 
 form ; a kind of vase. [ We. 
 
 Us(2), pron. Objective case of 
 
 tJs'age (11), w. Mode of using ; 
 treatment ; custom ; long- 
 continued practice. 
 
 ^se (yijss), ?T. Act of employ- 
 ing ; employment ; necessi- 
 ty ; utility ; practice ; cus- 
 tom ; interest. 
 
 tTse (yijz), V. t. To employ ; 
 to handle ; to treat ; to con- 
 sume ; to render familiar. — 
 V. i. To be accustomed. 
 
 tjTse'ful, a. Serviceable ; prof- 
 itable ; beneficial. 
 
 tise'ful-ly , adv. With use or 
 profit. 
 
 "Cse'ful-ness, n. Quality of 
 being useful ; utility. 
 
 ITse'less, a. Having no use ; 
 ansvrering no purpose ; 
 
 ^ vain ; fruitless ; ineffectual. 
 
 Ush'er, n. An officer to in- 
 troduce strangers, or to 
 walk before a person of 
 
 rank ; an under teacher. — 
 
 ^ V. t. (8) To introduce. 
 
 tJTs'que-baugh (-baw), n. A 
 kind of whisky. 
 
 TJ'§u-al (yij/zhij-), a. Custom- 
 ary ; common ; ordinary. 
 
 tj'§u-al-ly, adv. Customary. 
 
 tr^su-eap'tion, n. Acquisi- 
 tion of a right to property 
 by possession of it for a cer- 
 tain prescribed term of 
 years. 
 
 "C'su-fru-et (yy^zhi}-), n. 
 Right of using another's 
 property without impairing 
 the substance. 
 
 0'§u-rer (yu/zhi)-), n. One 
 who practices usury. 
 
 U-su'ri-ous (yi}-zu^-), a. 
 Practicing usury. 
 
 U-surp', V. t. To seize and 
 hold possession of wrong- 
 fully or by force. 
 
 tr^'sur-pa'tion, n. Illegal 
 seizure or possession. 
 
 U-surp'er, n. One who 
 usurps. 
 
 ti'su-ry (yi]/zhu-), n. Ex- 
 orbitant or illegal interest 
 for the use of money. 
 
 U-ten'sil, n. An instrument ; 
 a household implement or 
 vessel. 
 
 T3"'ter-ine, a. Born of the 
 same mother, but by a dif- 
 ferent father. 
 
 U-tiPi-ta'ri-an,a. Pertaining 
 to utility. — n. One who 
 considers utility as the sole 
 standard of virtue. 
 
 U-tiFi-ta'ri-an-i§m, n. Doc- 
 trine or system of general 
 utility. 
 
 U-til'i-ty, n. Production of 
 good ; profit ; usefulness. 
 
 tJt'most, a. Extreme ; last 
 greatest. — n. The most 
 that can be. 
 
 TJ-to'pi-an, a. Ideal ; fanci" 
 
 ^ ful ; chimerical. 
 
 tJt'ter, a. Outward ; extreme ; 
 absolute ; entire. — v. t. To 
 speak ; to pronounce ; to put 
 
 ^ in circulation. 
 
 tJt'ter-ange, n. Act or man- 
 ner of uttering ; circulation ; 
 
 ^ pronunciation. 
 
 Ut'ter-ly, arfv. Completely; 
 
 ^ fully- 
 
 "O't'ter-most, a. Furthest ; 
 
 most remote ; extreme. — n. 
 
 Greatest degree. 
 tT've-oiis, a. Like a grape. 
 Ux-o'ri-ous, a. Submissively 
 
 or excessively fond of a 
 
 wife, 
 
 Y. 
 
 V(ve), is only another form 
 of the character U, the 
 two letters having formerly 
 been used indiscriminately, 
 the one for the other. 
 Va'€an-Qy, n. Emptiness ; 
 leisure ; vacuity ; an unoc- 
 cupied office. 
 Va'-cant, a. Empty ; void ; 
 
 unoccupied ; abandoned. 
 Va'-eate, v. t. To leave empty ; 
 
 to annul. [recess. 
 Va-ca'tion, n. Intermission ; 
 VS,€'Qi-nate, v. t. To inocu- 
 late with cow pox by means 
 of virus taken ( usually indi- 
 rectly ) from cows. 
 
 Va-c^gi-na'tion, n. Art or 
 act of vaccination ; inocula- 
 tion with cow-pox. 
 
 Va€'gme, a. Pertaining to, 
 or derived from, cows, or 
 from vaccination. 
 
 Vag'il-lan-gy, w. Vacillation. 
 
 Vag'il-latc, v. i. To waver ; 
 to reel ; to fluctuate. 
 
 Vag^il-la'tion, n. Act of 
 vacillating ; a wavering ; 
 unsteadiness ; inconstancy. 
 
 Va-€u'i-ty, n. Emptiness ; 
 void ; vacuum. 
 
 Va€'u-um, n. Empty space. 
 
 Vag'a-b6nd, n. A vagrant. 
 — a. Wandering idly or 
 
 without any settled habita- 
 tion, [whim. 
 
 Va-ga'ry (19), w. A freak \ a 
 
 Va'gran-gy, n. A wandering 
 without a settled home. 
 
 Va'grant, a. Wandering ; 
 unsettled. — n. An idl« 
 wanderer ; a strolling beg- 
 gar ; a tramp. 
 
 Va^ue, a. Unsettled ; indefi- 
 nite ; loose. [manner. 
 
 Vague'ly, adv. In a vague 
 
 Vail, M. A covering to con- 
 ceal ; a veil. — v.t. To hide 
 from sight ; to cover. 
 
 Vain, a. Fruitless ; ineffect- 
 ual ; having a high opinion 
 
 5, e, 1, o, u, y, long ; a, 6, i, 6,n,^, short / care, car, ask, all, whgit ; ere, veil, term ; pYque, firm ; 
 
VAINGLORIOUS 
 
 289 
 
 VEGETABLE 
 
 of one's self, or of what be- 
 longs to one. [ful. 
 
 Vain-gl5'ri-ous, a. Boast- 
 
 Vain-glo'ry, n. Empty pride. 
 
 Vain'ly, adv. Without effect ; 
 with empty pride. 
 
 Va^l'anQC, n. Drapery round 
 a bedstead. [valley. 
 
 Vale, n. A low ground ; a 
 
 VaPe-di€'tion, n. A bidding 
 farewell; an adieu. 
 
 Val'e-di€'to-ry, a. Bidding 
 farewell. — n. A farewell 
 address. 
 
 Val'en-tine, n. A sweetheart 
 chosen, or a letter sent to a 
 sweetheart, on St. Valen- 
 tine's day, the 14th of Feb. 
 
 Va-le'ri-an, n. A plant used 
 in medicine. 
 
 Val'et (or viiKa), n. A person- 
 al attendant^ 
 
 V^-Pe-tu^di-na'ri-an, a. Sick- 
 ly ; infirm. — n. A person 
 in a weak state of health. 
 
 VaFe-tu'di-na-ry, a. In- 
 firm ; sickly ; weakly ; seek- 
 ing to recover health. 
 
 Vai'iant, a. Intrepid in 
 danger ; performed with 
 valor. —Syn. Stout; bold ; 
 brave ; courageous ; heroic. 
 
 Val'id, a. Firm ; good in law. 
 
 Va-lid'i-ty, n. Legal force ; 
 strength ; cogency. 
 
 Va-l'ise', n. A traveling-case ; 
 a portmanteau. 
 
 Val-la'tion, n. A rampart ; 
 an intren^hment. 
 
 Val'ley (19), n. A low place 
 between hills ; a vale. 
 
 Val'or (33), n. Courage ; 
 bravery ; prowess ; intrepid- 
 ity ; gallantry. 
 
 Val'or-ous, a. Valiant ; gal- 
 lant; brave. [precious. 
 
 Val'u-a-ble, a. Having value ; 
 
 VaPu-a'tion, n. Act of fix- 
 ing the value ; appraise- 
 ment ; value set. 
 
 Val'ue, n. Worth ; price ; 
 rate. — v. t. To estimate 
 the worth of ; to rat« ; to 
 appraise ; to prize. 
 
 Valve, n. A folding door ; a 
 lid opening only one way. 
 
 Valv'u-lar, a. Having, or re- 
 lating to, valves. 
 
 Vamp, n. Upper leather of 
 a shoe. — t\ t. To put new 
 upper leather on ; to mend. 
 
 Vam'pire, n. A species of 
 bat ; a fabled demon. 
 
 Van, n. Front of an army ; 
 a kind of wagon. 
 
 Van'dal, n. A man of un- 
 common ferocity ; an igno- 
 rant barbarian. 
 
 Van'dal-ism, w. Ferocious 
 cruelty ; "barbarism. 
 
 Van-dyke', n. A kind of 
 neckerchief with points. 
 
 Vane, n. A plate to show the 
 direction of the wind ; a 
 weathercock. 
 
 Van'guard, n. Troops in 
 front ; first line of an army. 
 
 Va-nil'la, n. A tropical 
 plant, and an oil and a per- 
 fume extracted from it. 
 
 VSn'ish, t'. I. To disappear; 
 to become invisible. 
 
 Van'i-ty, n. Empty pride ; 
 ostentation ; conceit. 
 
 V3,n'quish (vSnk/wish), v. t. 
 To conquer ; to subdue ; to 
 overcome ; to beat. 
 
 Van'tage, n. Superiority. 
 
 V^n'tage-ground, n. Su- 
 periority of place or state. 
 
 Vap'id, a. Spiritless ; flat ; 
 insipid ; dull. 
 
 Va'por (33), n. A fluid ren- 
 dered aeriform by heat ; 
 steam ; {■pi.) a disease of 
 debility. — v. i. To emit 
 vapor ; to brag ; to boast. 
 
 Vap^o-ra'tion, n. Act of con- 
 verting into vapor. 
 
 Va'por-bath, n. A bath of 
 vapor or steam. 
 
 Vap'or-ize, V. t. To convert 
 into vapor. 
 
 Va'por-y, a. Full of vapors ; 
 splenetic"; peevish. 
 
 Va'ri-a-ble, a. Changeable; 
 mutable ; inconstant. 
 
 Va'ri-a-ble-ness, n. Aptness 
 to change ; inconstancy. 
 
 Va'ri-a-bly, adv. Change- 
 ably ; inconstantly. 
 
 Va'ri-ange, n. Disagreement. 
 
 Va^ri-a'tion, n. A change ; 
 deviation ; difference. 
 
 Var'i-€OSe, a. Preternatu- 
 raUy enlarged, as a vein. 
 
 Va'ri-e-gate, v. t. To direr- 
 
 sify ; to vary. 
 
 Va^ri-e-ga'tion, n. Diversity 
 of colors. 
 
 Va-ri'e-ty, n. Change ; dif- 
 ference ; diversity. 
 
 Va'ri-o-loid, or V3,r'i-o- 
 loid^, n. A disease resem- 
 bling the small-pox. 
 
 Va-ri'o-lous, a. Pertaining 
 to the small-pox. 
 
 Va'ri-ous, a. Different; di- 
 verse, [ent ways. 
 
 Va'ri-ous-ly, adv. In difler- 
 
 Var'let, n. A servant or foot- 
 man ; a scoundrel ; a rascal. 
 
 Var'nish, n. A glossy liquid. 
 — V. t. To lay varnish on. 
 
 Va'ry (13), v. t. To alter ; 
 to differ ; to diversify. — v. i. 
 To be altered in any man- 
 ner ; to be different ; to de- 
 viate ; to depart ; to disagree. 
 
 V3,s'<iu-lar, a. Relating to, 
 or consisting of, vessels. 
 
 Vase {in England, vaz or 
 vaz), n. An ornamental 
 urn-shaped vessel. 
 
 Vas'sal, n. A dependent ; a 
 bondman. 
 
 V5.s'sal-age, n. Slavery ; 
 bondage ; thralldom. 
 
 Vast, a. Immense ; great ; 
 numerous ; enormous. 
 
 Vas-ta'tion, n. A laying 
 waste ; devastation. [ly. 
 
 Vast'ly,adf. Greatly ; huge- 
 
 Vast'ness, n. Immense ex* 
 tent ; immensity. 
 
 Vat, n. A large cistern. 
 
 Va-tiQ'i-nate , v. i. To proph- 
 esy ; to foretell. [cy. 
 
 Va-tiQ^i-na'tion, n. Propho- 
 
 Vault, n. A continued arch, 
 or an arched roof or ceiling ; 
 a cellar. — v. t. To arch ; 
 to cover with, or shape to, 
 a vault, — V. i. To leap. 
 
 Vault 'ed, a. Arched ; con- 
 cave. 
 
 Vaunt (vant), v. i. To boast; 
 to brag. — n. Vain boast. 
 
 Veal, n. Flesh of a calf. 
 
 Ve-dette' (ve-detO, n. A sen- 
 tinel on horseback. 
 
 Veer, v. t. or /. To turn; to 
 turn aside ; to change. 
 
 Veg'e-ta-ble, n. A plant, ea^ 
 
 s6n, or, dQ, wglf, tc7o, to^ok ; (kn, rye, p\iU ; 9, soft ; €, g, hard} a§ ; exist ; o as ng ; ttiia. 
 
VEGETATE 
 
 290 
 
 VERJUICE 
 
 pecially an edible plant. — a. 
 Of the nature of plants. 
 
 Veg'e-tate, v. i. To grow, as 
 plants. [plants. 
 
 Veg^e-ta'tion, n. Growth of 
 
 Veg'e-ta/tive, a. Growing, 
 as plants. 
 
 Ve'lie-menge, w. Violent ac- 
 tivity or force ; ardor. 
 
 Ve'he-ment, a. Acting with 
 force. — Syn. Furious j ear- 
 nest ; ardent ; eager. 
 
 Ve'hi-«le, n. A carriage. 
 
 Veil, n. A thin cover for 
 the face. — v. t. To throw a 
 veil over ; to conceal. 
 
 Vein, n. A vessel which re- 
 turns the blood to the heart ; 
 a current. — v. t. To form 
 or mark with veins. 
 
 Veined, ) a. Full of veins ; 
 
 Vein'y, j variegated. 
 
 Vel'Iiun, n. A fine kind of 
 parchment. 
 
 Ve-16Q'l-pede, n. A kind of 
 light vehicle for, and pro- 
 pelled by, a single person. 
 
 Ve-16Q'i-ty, n. Swiftness ; ra- 
 pidity ; celerity ; speed. 
 
 Vel'vet, n. A rich silk stuff, 
 or stuff of silk and cotton, 
 with a thick nap. — a. Like 
 velvet; soft; smooth. 
 
 VePvet-een', n, A kind of 
 velvet made partly of cot- 
 ton, [vet. 
 
 V61'vet-y, a. Soft ; like vel- 
 
 Ve'nal, a. Mercenary ; sor- 
 did ; — pertaining to a vein, 
 or to veins. 
 
 Ve-n^l'i-ty, n. Mercenari- 
 ness. 
 
 Vend, v.t. To sell ; to offer 
 for sale. 
 
 Ven-dee', n. One to whom 
 a thing is sold. 
 
 V6nd'er, n. One who sells. 
 
 Vend'i-ble, a. Capable of 
 being sold ; salable. 
 
 Ven-di'tion (-dish^un), n. 
 Act of selling ; sale. 
 
 Ven-due', n. Public sale to 
 the highest bidder ; auction. 
 
 Ve-neer', v. t. To overlay 
 with thin pieces of wood. — 
 n. Tliin slices of a valuable 
 wood for overlaying some in- 
 ferior material. 
 
 VSn'er-a-ble, a. Worthy of 
 veneration or reverence. 
 
 Ven'er-ate, -u. t. To regard 
 with respect and revei'ence. 
 
 Ven/er-a'tion, n. Highest 
 degree of respect and rev- 
 erence. 4 
 
 Ve-ne're-al, a. Kelating tcr 
 sexual intercourse. 
 
 Ven^e-se-e'tion, n. Act of 
 opening a veia to let blood. 
 
 Venge'ange, n. Intiiction of 
 pain in return for an injury ; 
 revenge. 
 
 Venge'ful, a. Vindictive ; 
 revengeful. [cusable. 
 
 Ve'ni-al, a. Pardonable ; ex- 
 
 Ven'i-son (ven^i-zn or ven^- 
 zn), n. The flesh of deer, 
 hares, &c. [spite. 
 
 Ven'ora, n. Poison ; malice ; 
 
 Ven'om-oiis, a. Poisonous. 
 
 Ve'nous, a. Contained in, 
 or relating to, the veins. 
 
 Vent, n. A passage for a 
 fluid. — V. t. To let out ; 
 to emit ; to utter ; to report. 
 
 Vent'-hole, n. A small hole 
 for air ; a vent. [for air. 
 
 Ven'ti-du-et, n. A passage 
 
 Ven'ti-late, r. /. To fan ; to 
 expose to air ; to make pub- 
 lic. 
 
 Ven/ti-la'tion, n. Act of ven- 
 tilating. 
 
 Ven'ti-la^'tor, n. One who 
 ventilates ; a contrivance to 
 introduce pure air. 
 
 Ven'tral, a. Belonging to 
 the belly. 
 
 Ven'tri-€le, n. A cavity in 
 an animal body, as of the 
 brain, larynx, or heart. 
 
 Ven-tril'o-qui§m, n. Art of 
 speaking so that the voice 
 seems to come from a dis- 
 tance. 
 
 Ven-tril'o-quist, n. One who 
 practices ventriloquism. 
 
 Vent'ure,f. i. To have cour- 
 age to do or undertake some- 
 thing ; to run a risk. — S YN. 
 To dare ; hazard ; risk. — n. 
 A risking ; haz.ard ; chance ; 
 contingency; stake. 
 
 V6nt'ure-s6me, ) a. Inclined 
 
 Vent'iir-oilS, I to vent- 
 ure ; bold ; daring. 
 
 VSn'iie, n. A neighborfiood> 
 
 or near place. 
 
 Ve'nus, n. Goddess of female 
 be.auty and love ; a planet. 
 
 Ve-ra'cioiis , a. Observant 
 of truth ; trvitliful. 
 
 Ve-rag'i-ty, n. Observance 
 of truth ; truthfulness. 
 
 Ve-ran'da (18), n. A kind of 
 open portico. 
 
 Verb, n. A word which af- 
 firms something of some 
 person or thing. 
 
 Verb'al, a. Spoken ; oral ; 
 relating to words ; literal. 
 
 Verb'al-ly, adv. By word of 
 mouth ; orally. 
 
 Ver-ba'tim, adv. Word for 
 word ; in the same words. 
 
 Ver'bi-age, n. Wordiness; 
 verbosity. 
 
 Ver-bose', a. Abounding in 
 words; prolix; wordy. 
 
 Ver-b6s'i-ty, n. The use of 
 too many words ; prolixity. 
 
 Ver'dan-gy, n. Greenness j 
 rawness. [raw. 
 
 Ver'dant, a. Green ; fresh; 
 
 Ver'di-et, n. The decision of 
 a jury in a case submitted 
 to them ; opinion pro- 
 nounced, [copper. 
 
 Ver'di-gr'is, n. Green rust of 
 
 Verd'ure, n. Greenness ; 
 freshness of vegetation. 
 
 Verge, n. A kind of rod or 
 mace ; border ; brink ; edge. 
 — V. i. To approach the 
 limits ; to incline ; to tend. 
 
 Verg'er, n. A mace-bearer. 
 
 Ver-'i-fi-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 verifying ; confirmation. 
 
 Ver'i-fy, v. t. To prove to 
 be true ; to confirm ; to au- 
 thenticate, [tainly. 
 
 Ver'i-ly, adv. Truly ; cer- 
 
 Ver^i-sim'i-lar, a. Probable. 
 
 Ver^i-si-miPi-tude, n. Re- 
 semblance to truth; prob- 
 ability ; likelihood. 
 
 Ver'i-ta-ble, a. Agreeable to 
 fact; true; actual; real. 
 
 V6r'i-ta-bly, adv. Really ; 
 truly ; actually. [ality. 
 
 Vgr'i-ty (19), n. Truth ; re- 
 
 Ver'juige, n. Sour juice ex- 
 pressed from wild apples, 
 gi-een grapes, &c. 
 
 E, S, 1, 6, u, y, long ; g, 1, 6, fl, 5^, short ; care, ciir, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, veil, tCrm ; pique, Arm ; 
 
VERMICELLI 
 
 291 
 
 VICINAGE 
 
 Ver-'ml-cel'll {-chmi or 
 -seFIi), n. A paste made 
 into a slender, worm-like 
 form. [worm. 
 
 Ver-mi€'u-Iar, a. Like a 
 
 Ver-mi-e'u-late, v. t. To in- 
 lay so as to give the appear- 
 ance of the tracks of worms. 
 
 Ver-mi€^u-la'tion, n. Mo- 
 tion like that of a worm, or 
 something resembling such 
 motion. [to expel worms. 
 
 Ver'mi-fuge, n. A medicine 
 
 Ver-mil'lon (-mil^yun), n. 
 A bright red pigment or 
 color ; cochineal. 
 
 VSr'min, n. All sorts of small 
 noxious animals. 
 
 Ver-mip'a-rous, a. Produ- 
 cing worms. [on worms. 
 
 Ver-miv'o-rous, a. Feeding 
 
 Ver-na€'u-lar, a. Native ; 
 belonging to the country of 
 one's birth. 
 
 Veronal, a. Belonging to, or 
 appearing in, the spring. 
 
 Ver'sa-tile, a. Turning with 
 ease from one thing to an- 
 other ; variable. 
 
 Ver/sa-til'i-ty, n. Quality 
 of being versatile. 
 
 Verse (18), n. A single line 
 of poetry ; a short division 
 of a prose composition. 
 
 Versed (vSrst), a. Well 
 skilled ; practiced ; acquaint- 
 ed ; conversant. 
 
 Ver'si-fi-€a'tion, M. The art 
 of composing verses. 
 
 Ver'si-fi^er, n. One who 
 turns prose into verse. 
 
 Ver'si-fy, v. t. To describe 
 in verse ; to turn into verse. 
 — v.i. To make verses. 
 
 Ver'sion, n, A translation. 
 
 Ver'te-bra, n. {pi. Verte- 
 brae, 25.) One of the joints 
 of the spine, [the vertebrae. 
 
 Ver'te-bral, a. Relating to 
 
 Ver'te-brate, a. Having a 
 back-bone. — n. An animal 
 having a back-bone. 
 
 Ver'te-bre (-ber), n. A ver- 
 tebra ; a joint of the spine. 
 
 Ver'tex, n. {pi. Vgr'tex-eg 
 or Ver'ti-ges, 25.) The 
 crown or top f summit. 
 Ver'ti-eal, a. Being in the 
 
 zenith ; perpendicular ; up- 1 V5t'er-i-na-ry, a. Pertaining 
 
 right ; plumb. 
 
 Ver-tiQ'i-ty, n. Power of 
 turning ; rotation. 
 
 Ver-tig'i-nous, a. Affected 
 with vertigo ; giddy ; dizzy. 
 
 Ver'ti-go, n. A swimming 
 of the head ; dizziness. 
 
 Ver'vain, n. A plant. 
 
 Ver'y, a. True ; real ; actu- 
 al. — adv. In or to a great 
 degree', eminently. 
 
 Ves'i-€ate, v. t. To blister. 
 
 Ves^i-ea'tion, n. Act of 
 raising blisters. 
 
 Ves'i-ea-to-ry, a. Having a 
 power to blister. — n. A 
 blistering application. 
 
 Ves'i-ele, n. A little air- 
 bladder. 
 
 Ve-si-e'u-lar, a. Pertaining ^ Vi'al^ ^- small bottle 
 
 to the art of healing the 
 diseases of domestic animals. 
 Ve'to (18), n. An authorita- 
 tive prohibition. — v.t. To 
 forbid the enactment of. 
 Vex, V. t. To tease ; to pro- 
 voke ; to irritate. 
 Vex-a'tion , « . Act of irritat- 
 ing ; trouble ; annoyance. 
 Vex-a'tious, a. Provoking; 
 
 troublesome. 
 Vi'a-ble, a. Capable of living, 
 as a child prematurely bom. 
 
 ri'a-du-ct, 
 A structure { 
 for canning! 
 a railr^d f 
 across a val- 
 ley or river. 
 
 to, or consisting of, vesicles. 
 Ves'per, n. The evening star ; 
 
 evening ; Venus ; {pi. ) even- 
 ing song or service. 
 Ves'sel, n. A hollow dish 
 
 of any kind ; a cask ; a tube ; 
 
 any structure intended for 
 
 navigation, &c. 
 Vest, n. Any garment ; a 
 
 waistcoat. — r. t. To clothe ; 
 
 to put in possession. — v. i. 
 
 To come or descend. 
 Ves'tal, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Vesta, a virgin goddess of 
 
 the Romans ; chaste. — n. 
 
 A virgin consecrated to 
 
 Vesta. 
 
 Vest'ed, a. Fixed ; not con- 
 tingent, as rights. 
 
 Ves'ti-bule, n. An ante- 
 chamber between the hall 
 and the outer doors ; a kind 
 of porch. [a trace, 
 
 Ves'tige (18), n. A footstep ; 
 
 Vest'ment, n. A garment. 
 
 Ves'try, n. A room for vest- 
 ments in a church ; a paro- 
 chial committee. 
 
 Vest'ure, n. A garment ; 
 articles worn. — Syn. Ap- 
 parel ; dress ; clothing. 
 
 Vetch, n. A leguminous plant. 
 
 Vet'er-an, a. Long exercised 
 in any thing, especially in 
 war. — n. An old soldier. 
 
 VeVer-i-na'ri-an, n. One 
 skilled in diseases of cattle. 
 
 (^) To put into a vial, or 
 into vials, [food; victuals. 
 Vi'andg, 71. pi. Articles of 
 Vi'brate, f. /. or ?. To move 
 
 to and fro ; to oscillate. 
 Vi-bra'ticn, n. Act of vi- 
 brating; oscillation. 
 Vi'bra-to-ry, a. Consisting 
 in vibration or oscillation ; 
 causing vibration. 
 Vi-e'ar, n. Incumbent of an 
 
 appropriated benefice. 
 Vi€'ar-age, n. Benefice or 
 
 residence of a vicar. 
 Vi-ea'ri-ous, a. Acting in 
 place of another ; deputed ,* 
 delegated : substituted. 
 Vlge, n. A blemish ; fault ; 
 immoral conduct or habit ; 
 a smith's instrument. 
 Vi'Qe, a Latin prefix, denot- 
 ing one who acts in the 
 place of another. 
 ViQe'-ad/mi-ral, n. An offi- 
 cer next in rank to an ad- 
 miral, [for the consul. 
 Vige-eSn'sul, w. One acting 
 VIge-ge'rent, n. An officer 
 
 acting in place of another. 
 VIge-re'gal,a. Pertaining to 
 
 a viceroy. 
 Vice'roy, n. A governor 
 ruling as the substitute of 
 a king., 
 Vige roy'al-ty, n. Office or 
 
 jurisdiction of a viceroy. 
 Vig'i-nage,n. Neighborhood. 
 
 sOn, 6r, dg, W9lf, tcTo, tdbk; to, rae, pyU ; f, soft; g, hmd; a§ j e^yst ; c aa ng j ttiis. 
 
yicmiTY 
 
 292 
 
 VISCID 
 
 Vi-gln'i-ty, n. Neighborhood. 
 
 Vi'cious (vlsh'us), a. Im- 
 moral ; depraved ; corrupt ; 
 wicked ; unruly. 
 
 Vi-gis'si-tude, n. Regular 
 change ; alternation ; muta- 
 tion ; mutual succession. 
 
 Vi€'tiin, n. A living being 
 sacrificed ; something de- 
 stroyed ; a dupe. 
 
 Vi€'tim-ize, v. t. To make a 
 victim or dupe of. 
 
 Vi^'tor, n. A conqueror. 
 
 Vi-e-t5'ri-ous, a. Superior 
 in contest. — Syn. Con- 
 quering ; triumphant ; suc- 
 cessful. 
 
 Vi€'to-ry, n. Conquest ; 
 triumph ; success. 
 
 Vict'ual (vit^l, 8), V. t. To 
 supply with provisions. 
 
 Vict'ual-er (vit^l-er), n. One 
 who supplies provisions. 
 
 Vict'ualg (vit/lz),n.;?/. Food 
 prepared for the table. 
 
 Vi-d6Pi-Qet, adv. To wit; 
 namely ; — abbreviated viz. 
 
 Vie (12), V. i. To strive for 
 superiority ; to contend. 
 
 View (vu), V. t. To see; to 
 behold ; to survey. — n. 
 Sight ; survey ; inspection ; 
 prospect ; opinion. 
 
 View'less (vu/-),a. Invisible. 
 
 Vig'il, w. Watch; nocturnal 
 devotion ; a fast. 
 
 Vig'i-lanQe, n. Watchfulness. 
 
 Vig'i-lant, a. Watchful ; 
 circumspect ; attentive. 
 
 Vignette (vin-yet^ or ym'- 
 yet), n. A wood-cut or en^ 
 graving, in a book, not in- 
 closed within a definite bor- 
 der. 
 
 Vig'or (33), n. Energy ; force 
 of body or strength of 
 mind ; strength. 
 
 Vig'or-ous, a. Full of, or 
 exhibiting, active force. — 
 Syn. Strong,- powerful; 
 forcible ; agile. 
 
 Vile, a. Contemptibly mean 
 or low ; base ; sordid. 
 
 Vile'ly, adv. Basely ; mean- 
 ly ; shamefully. 
 
 Vil'i-fPer, n. One who vili- 
 fies ; a traducer. [traduce. 
 
 Vil'i-fy, t'. To defame; to 
 
 Vil'15l(18),n. A country resi- 
 dence ; a country-seat. 
 
 Vil'lage, n. A small in- 
 habited place, f of a village. 
 
 ViPla-ger, n. An inhabitant 
 
 Villain, n. A feudal tenant 
 of the lowest class ; a vile, 
 wicked person ; a rascal. 
 
 Vil'lain-ous ( (27), a. Wicked; 
 
 ViFlan-ous i base. 
 
 Villain -y ) (27), n. Extreme 
 
 Vil'la-ny j depravity or 
 wickedness. 
 
 Vil'lan-age, n. Feudal serv- 
 itude. 
 
 Vil-lose', ) a. Nappy ; downy ; 
 
 Villous, j shaggy; velvety. 
 
 Vi-mm'e-ous, a. Made of, or 
 producing, twigs. 
 
 Vi-na'ceous (-na^shus), o. 
 Belonging to wine or grapes. 
 
 Vm'di-eate, v.t. To defend 
 with success ; to justify ; to 
 maintain ; to support. 
 
 Vm^di-ea'tion, n. Justifica- 
 tion; defense; support. 
 
 Vin'di-ea/tive, ) a. Tend- 
 
 Vin'di-ea-to-ry, ) ing to 
 vindicate. [vindicates. 
 
 Vin'di-ca^tor, n. One who 
 
 Vin-di-e'tive, a. Revengeful. 
 
 Vine, n. A climbing plant pro- 
 ducing grapes ; hence, any 
 climbing or trailing plant. 
 
 Vin'e-gar, n. An acid liquor 
 obtained from wine, cider, 
 &c., by fermentation. 
 
 Vine'yard (vineyard), n. A 
 plantation of grape-vines. 
 
 Vi'nous, o.. Having the qual- 
 ities of, or pertaining to, 
 wine. 
 
 Vint'a^e, n. Produce, in 
 
 grapes or in wine, of vines ; 
 
 time of grape-gathering. 
 Vint'a-ger, n. One who 
 
 gathers the vintage. 
 Vint'ner , n. A dealer in wines. 
 VIn'y, a. Pertaining to vines. 
 Vi'ol, n. A stringed musical 
 
 instrument. 
 Vi'o-la,?i. An instrument of 
 
 the violin kind, a fifth lower 
 
 in compass than the violin. 
 Vi'o-la-ble, a. Capable of 
 
 being violated. 
 Vi^o-la'ceous, a. Like violets 
 
 in color. 
 
 Vi'o-late, V. t. To abuse; to 
 do violence to ; to ravish. 
 
 VPo-la'tion,n-. Act of violat- 
 ing ; transgression ; rape. 
 
 Vi'o-lenQe, w. Highly excited 
 action ; unjust force ; rape. 
 
 Vi'o-lent, a. Excited by 
 strong passion ; outrageous; 
 furious ; extreme. 
 
 Vi'o-let, n. A plant and its 
 flower ; a dark, reddish-blue 
 color. 
 
 VPo-lin', n. A stringed in- 
 strument of music ; a fiddle. 
 
 Vi'per, n. A kind of poison- 
 ous serpent. 
 
 Vi'per-ine, a. Pertaining to 
 vipers. 
 
 Vi-ra'go {pi Vi-ra'goes, 18), 
 n. A bold, masculine wom- 
 an ; a termagant. 
 
 Vir'gin, n. A maid ; a maiden. 
 — a. Chaste; maidenly; 
 modest ; pure ; undefiled ; 
 new ; fresh. 
 
 Vir'gin-al, a. Maidenly. 
 
 Vir-gi'n'i-ty, n. Maidenhood. 
 
 Vi-rid'i-ty, n. Greenness. 
 
 Wrile,or Virile, a. Belong- 
 ing to males. 
 
 Vi-rill-ty (vi- or vi-), n. Man- 
 hood. 
 
 Vir-tu', n. A love of the fine 
 arts ; a taste for curiosities. 
 
 Virt'u-al, a. Being in essence 
 or effect ; not in fact. 
 
 Virt'u-al-ly, adv. In efficacy 
 or effect only. 
 
 Vir'tue, n. Strength ; effi- 
 cacy ; moral excellence. 
 
 Vir^tu-o'so, n. {pi. Vir'tu-o'- 
 s6§ or Vir/tu-6'si, 18, 25.) 
 One skilled in the fine arts, 
 in curiosities, &c. 
 
 Virt'u-ous, o. Morally good ; 
 righteous; chaste; pure. 
 
 Vir'u-lenge, n. Poisonous- 
 ness; malignity. 
 
 Vir'u-lent, a. Very poison- 
 ous; malignant; bitter. 
 
 Vi'rus,M. Contagious matter 
 from ulcers, &c. ; poison. 
 
 Vig'age, n. The face ; coun- 
 tenance ; look ; features. 
 
 Vis'ger-a, n. pL The bowel?. 
 
 Vis'Qer-al, a. Pertaining to 
 the viscera. 
 
 Vis'gid,a. Glutinous; sticky. 
 
 5, e, 1, 0. u, long ; S, 6, Y, 6, ti, ^ , short ; cSre, cir, ask, all, wh^t ; Ore, veU, t5rm ; pique, firm j 
 
VISCIDITY 
 
 293 
 
 VOMIT 
 
 Vis-Qid'i-ty, \n. Glutinous- 
 
 Vis-e6s'i-ty , ) ness ; sticki- 
 ness ; tenacity. 
 
 VIs'€Ount (vl'kount), n. A 
 nobleman next in rank be- 
 low an earl. 
 
 Vis'€Ount-ess (vFkount-), n. 
 A viscount's wife. 
 
 Vis'€Ous, a. Glutinous ; ad- 
 hesive; stick> 
 
 Vise, n. An instrument for 
 griping and holding things. 
 
 Vi§'i-bil'i-ty, n. The state 
 or quality of being visible. 
 
 Vis'i-ble, a. Perceivable by 
 tiie eye ; perceptible. 
 
 Vis'i-bly, adv. Perceptibly ; 
 plainly ; clearly. 
 
 Vig'ion (vTzh^un), n. Faculty 
 or sense of sight; appari- 
 tion ; phantom. 
 
 Vis'ion-a-ry (vizh-'un-), a. 
 Given to reverie ; imagina- 
 ry ; having no foundation. 
 — n. One who forms im- 
 practicable schemes. 
 
 Vig'it (8), V. t. To go or come 
 to see; to examine. — n. 
 Act of going or coming to 
 see ; examination. 
 
 Vis'it-ant, n. One who visits. 
 
 Vi§/it-a'tioii, n. Act of visit- 
 ing ; access for examination. 
 
 Vi§'it-or, n. One who visits. 
 
 Vi§'or, or Vi'gor, n. A mask; 
 disguise ; forepiece of a cap. 
 
 Vig'ta (18), n. A prospect or 
 view through an avenue ; 
 the avenue itself. 
 
 Vi§'u-al (vizh^'yij-), a. Be- 
 longing to the sight ; used 
 in sight. 
 
 Vi'tal, a. Pertaining to life ; 
 very important. — Syn. Es- 
 sential ; necessary ; imme- 
 diate; absolute. 
 
 Vi-tai'i-ty, n. Quality of 
 being vital ; principle of life ; 
 animation ; tenacity of life. 
 
 VPtal-ly, adv. In a manner 
 affecting life ; essentially. 
 
 VPtal§, n. pL Parts of ani- 
 mal bodies essential to life, 
 or to a sound state. 
 
 Vi'ti-ate (vish/i-at), v. t. To 
 make vicious or faulty ; to 
 injure ; to invalidate. 
 
 Vi^ti-a'tion (vish-i-), n. Dep- 
 
 ravation ; corruption 5 in- 
 validation. 
 
 Vit're-ous, a. Pertaining to, 
 or resembling, glass. 
 
 Vit'ri-f^e'tion, n. Act of 
 converting into glass by 
 heat. [glass. 
 
 Vit'ri-fy, V. To convert into 
 
 Vit'ri-ol, n. A soluble sul- 
 phate of any metal. 
 
 Vit^ri-dPi-c, a. Pertaining to, 
 or obtained from, vitriol. 
 
 Vi-tu'per-ate, v. t. To over- 
 whelm with abuse 
 
 Vi-tu'per-a'tion, 11. Severe 
 censure ; abuse. 
 
 Vi-tu'per-a-tive,a. Contain- 
 ing severe censure ; abusive. 
 
 Vi-va'cious, a. Lively ; brisk. 
 
 Vi-v^Q'i-ty, n. Liveliness ; 
 sprightliness ; animation. 
 
 Viv'id, a. Lively; bright; 
 active; spirited; sprightly. 
 
 Viy/i-fi-ca'tion, n. Act of 
 vivifying. [to. 
 
 Viv'i-fy, V. t. To impart life 
 
 Vl-vip'a-rous, a. Producing 
 young alive. 
 
 Vix'en, n. A cross, ill-tem- 
 pered woman. 
 
 Viz'ard, n. A mask. 
 
 Viz'ier (viz^yer or vT/zeer'), n. 
 A high executive officer in 
 Turkey, &c. 
 
 V6'€a-ble, n. A word ; term. 
 
 Vo-c3,b'u-la-ry, n. A list of 
 words arranged alphabeti- 
 cally and explained ; sum of 
 words used. 
 
 Vo'-cal, a. Having a voice; 
 spoken with voice or tone. 
 
 Vo-eaPi€, a. Consisting of 
 the voice, or of vowel 
 sounds. [vocal musician. 
 
 Vo'-eal-ist, n. A singer, or 
 
 Vo-€aPi-ty, n. Quality of 
 being vocal. [vocal. 
 
 Vo'-eal-ize (31), v. t. To make 
 
 Vo-«a'tion, n. Act of call- 
 ing ; occupation ; employ- 
 ment ; calling ; business. 
 
 V6€'a-tive, n. Fifth case of 
 Latin nouns, used in direct 
 address. 
 
 Vo-^if er-ate, v. i. To cry 
 out with vehemence. 
 
 Vo-Qif/er-a'tion, n. Loud or 
 violent outcry ; clamor. 
 
 Vo-Qif'er-ous, a. Clamorous. 
 
 Vogue (vog), n. Temporary 
 fashion or mode. 
 
 Voige, n. Sound uttered by 
 the mouth ; a vote ; suffrage. 
 
 Void, a. Vacant; empty; 
 destitute •, null : unsubstan- 
 tial. — n. An empty space ; 
 a vacuum. — v. t. To quit ; 
 to eject ; to annul. 
 
 Void'ange, n. Act of void- 
 ing ; ejection . 
 
 Void'er, n. One who voids; 
 a tray for removing dishes. 
 
 V61'a-tile, a. Evaporating 
 quickly ; lively ; gay ; tickle. 
 
 V6Pa-til'i-ty, n. Disposition 
 to fly off in vapor ; levity. 
 
 V6Pa-til-ize, v. t. To cause 
 to exhale or evaporate. 
 
 VoI-C§,n'i€, a. Pertaining to, 
 or produced by, a volcano. 
 
 Vol-ea'no, n. {pi. Vol-ea'- 
 n5e§, 18.) A mountain emit- 
 ting fire, lava, &c. 
 
 Vo-li'tion (-llsh/un), n. The 
 act or power of willing. 
 
 VdPley (19), n. A discharge 
 of many small arms at once. 
 
 V6Pu-biPi-ty, n. Fluency of 
 speech. 
 
 V6Pu-ble, a. Apt to roU; 
 fluent 
 
 V6Pu-bly, adv. In a rolling 
 
 or fluent manner. 
 VoPume (voPyijm), n. A 
 
 book ; dimensions ; compass. 
 Vo-lu'mi-nous, a. Consisting 
 
 of many volumes : copious. 
 V6Pun-ta-ri-ly, adv. Of one's 
 
 own free will. 
 V6Pun-ta-ry, a. Proceeding 
 
 from choice ; willing ; free. 
 
 — n. An air played at will. 
 VSPun-teer', n. One who 
 
 enters into any service of 
 
 his own free will. — v. To 
 
 offer or engage voluntarily. 
 Vo-lupt'u-a-ry, n. One given 
 
 to luxury ; a sensualist. 
 Vo-Iupt'u-ous, a. Luxuri- 
 ous ; sensual. 
 Vo-lute', n. A kind of spiral 
 
 scroll, used in the capital of 
 
 a column. 
 V6m'it, V. t. To throw up 
 
 from the stomach ; to spew ; 
 
 to puke, — n. An emetic. 
 
 B6n, or, dQ, WQlf, tcTo, took ; Urn, rije, pi^U ; 9, soft; g, hard; ; exist ; q as ng ; this. 
 
VORACIOUS 
 
 294 
 
 WAKEFUL 
 
 Vo-ra'ciotis , a . Greedy to eat . 
 
 Vo-rag'i-ty, n. Greediness of 
 appetite. 
 
 Voraex, n. {r^. V6raex-e§ 
 or Vor'ti-ges, 25. ) A wiiirl- 
 pool ; a whirlwind. 
 
 V6r'ti-eal,a. Having a whirl- 
 ing motion. 
 
 Vo'ta-ry (19),n. One devoted 
 to any service or pursuit. — 
 a. Devoted ; promised. 
 
 Vote, n. Expression of choice ; 
 sufiFrage ; ballot. — t;. To ex- 
 press one's choice by the 
 voice or by a written ticket ; 
 to choose or determine by 
 means of votes. 
 
 Vot'er, n. One who votes, or 
 who has a right to vote. 
 
 V5'tive, a. Given by vow. 
 
 Vouch, V. t. To call to wit- 
 ness ; to warrant ; to sup- 
 port ; to establish. 
 
 Vouch'er, n. One who vouch- 
 es ; a book or paper that 
 
 confirms the truth of ac- 
 counts. 
 
 Vouch-safe', v. t. To con- 
 descend to grant. — v. i. To 
 deign ; to descend. 
 
 Vow, n. A solemn promise to 
 God or to some deity. — v. 
 To consecrate by a solemn 
 promise; to assert solemnly. 
 
 Vow'el, «. A vocal sound 
 made through an open po- 
 sition of the mouth organs, 
 asa, (?, 0. — a. Vocal. 
 
 Voy'age {colloq. voij), n. A 
 journey by water. — v. i. To 
 travel by water. 
 
 Voy'a-ger {colloq. voij'er), n. 
 One who journeys by water. 
 
 Vul'^an^ize, v. t. To impart 
 certain properties to, as in- 
 dia-rubber, by causing it to 
 combine with sulphur. 
 
 Vul'gar, a. Pertaining to 
 common people ; being in 
 general use ; offensively 
 
 mean or low. — SYN. Com- 
 mon ; ordinary ; mean ; un- 
 refined. — n. The common 
 people ; the populace. 
 
 Vul'gar-i§m, n. A vulgar 
 phrase or expression. 
 
 Vul-gar'i-ty, n. Clownish- 
 ness ; rudeness. 
 
 Vul'gar-ly, adv. Common- 
 ly ; coarsely ; rudely. 
 
 Vul'gate, n An ancient 
 Latin version of the Bible. 
 
 Vul'ner-a-ble, a. Capable 
 of being wounded. 
 
 Vul'ner-a-ry, a. Useful in 
 healing wounds. 
 
 Vul'pine, a. Pertaining to, or 
 resembling, the fox; cun- 
 ning; crafty. 
 
 Vult'ure (18), n. A large bird 
 of prey, found only on the 
 Eastern continent. 
 
 Vult'ur-ine, a. Pertaining 
 to the vulture ; resembling 
 the vulture. 
 
 WAB'BLE (woVbl),!?. t. 
 * To move staggeringly 
 from side to side. — n. A 
 hobbling, unequal motion, 
 as of a wheel. 
 Wad, n. A small mass of 
 paper, tow, &c., to stop the 
 charge of a gun or any 
 aperture. — v. t. To form 
 into a wad. 
 Wad'ded, a. Formed into a 
 
 wad ; quilted. 
 Wad'ding, n. A wad, or the 
 materials for wads ; a soft 
 stuff used in quilting. 
 Wad'dle, v. i. To walk like 
 
 a duck or a fat person. 
 Wade, V. To walk through 
 - any yielding substance. 
 Wa'fer, n. A thin kind of 
 cake or bread ; a thin leaf 
 of paste for sealing letters, 
 &c. — V. t. To seal with a 
 wafer. [cake. 
 jWaf fie, n. A thin kind of 
 
 Waft, v.t. To bear through 
 a fluid or buoyant medium. 
 
 W3,g, n. A merry, droll fel- 
 low. — V. t. To move one 
 way and the other ; to 
 move ; to stir. 
 
 Wage, V. t. To pledge; to 
 stake ; to hazard ; to bet. 
 
 Wa'ger, n. Something haz- 
 arded ; a bet. — v. t. To 
 offer to bet. 
 
 Wa'geg, n. pi. Hire ; reward 
 of services. 
 
 W^g'ger-y, n. Pleasantry ; 
 drollery ; sportive trick. 
 
 Wag'gish, a. Roguish ; droll. 
 
 Wag'on, n. A vehicle on 
 four wheels, especially one 
 for carrying freight. 
 
 WS,g'on-er, ?r. One who con- 
 ducts a wagon. 
 
 Waif (4), w. Goods found, but 
 not claimed. 
 
 Wail, V. To weep ; to lament. 
 
 Wain,n. A wagon. 
 
 Wain's<;ot, n. A wooden lin- 
 ing of rooms, made in pan- 
 els. — V, t. To line with 
 boards in panel. 
 
 Waist, n. Part of the body 
 just below the ribs ; middle 
 part of a ship. 
 
 Waist'band, n. The band or 
 upper part of trousers, &c. 
 
 Waist'€6at, n. A garment 
 worn under the coat. 
 
 Wait, V. v. To stay in expec- 
 tation ; to attend. 
 
 Wait'er, n. One who waits; 
 an attendant ; a tray. 
 
 Wait'ing-maid, w. A female 
 servant who attends a lady. 
 
 Waive, v. t. To relinquish 
 voluntarily ; to forego. 
 
 Wake,-?;, i. To cease to sleep. 
 — n. A watch ; track of a 
 vessel in water. 
 
 Wake'ful (17), a. Unable or 
 indisposed to sleep ; vigi- 
 lant; watchful. 
 
 5, 6, 1, 0, a, y, Ions; tt, care, car, &sk, all, wh^t ; 6re, vqU, t5nn ; pique, Hrm ; 
 
WAKEN 
 
 Wak'en, V. L or t. To rouse I 
 
 from sleep ; to awake. ] 
 
 Wale, n. A ridge or streak ; 
 one of the long planks of a 
 ship's side. — v. t. To mark 
 with wales, or stripes. 
 
 Walk (wavvk), f. i. To move 
 oil foot ; to go by steps. — n. 
 A gait ; a step ; a path. 
 
 Wall (1), w. An inclosing 
 fence of brick or stone ; side 
 of a room ; a defense. — v. t. 
 To inclose with a wall. 
 
 Wal'let, M. A bag or knap- 
 sack ; a pocket-book. [e.ye. 
 
 Wall'-eS^e, n. A whitish 
 
 Wal'lop (8), V. To boil. — 
 t*. t. To beat soundl3^ 
 
 WaPlow, V. i. To roll one's 
 self about, as on mire. 
 
 Wal'nut, n. A tree and its 
 
 295 
 
 Waltz (waits), 
 
 n. A dance by two persons 
 in circular figures ; a tune 
 for the dance.— r. t. To 
 dance a waltz. 
 
 Wam'puin, n. Strings of 
 shells used as current money 
 by the North American In- 
 dians. 
 
 Wan ( won ) , a. Having a pale 
 and sickly hue. 
 
 Wand (wond), n. A long 
 staff or rod- 
 
 Wan'der, v. i. To rove ; to 
 ramble ; to be delirious. 
 
 Wan'der-er, n. One who 
 wanders ; a rover. 
 
 Wane, r. t To decrease ; to 
 fail. — H. Decrease ; de- 
 cline ; failure. 
 
 Wan'ness ( w6n''ness), n. A 
 sallow, dead, pale color. 
 
 Want, n. Need ; necessity ; 
 destitution ; poverty ; thing 
 of which the loss is felt. — i'. 
 i. or t. To be deficient or 
 destitute of; to desire. 
 
 Wan'ton, a. Sportive ; licen- 
 tious. — V. i. (8) To revel ; to 
 frolic. — n. A lewd person. 
 War, n. A contest between 
 
 states, carried on by force. 
 — V. I. To carry on war; to 
 contend. 
 
 War'ble, v. i. To quaver or 
 modulate the voice. — v. t. 
 To trill ; to carol. — n. A 
 quavering of the voice. 
 
 War'bler, n. One who war- 
 bles ; i\ singing-bird. 
 
 War'-er/, n. A cry or sig- 
 nal used in war. 
 
 Ward, n. A watch ; guard ; 
 custody ; protection or pro- 
 tector ; part of a lock ; a 
 person under a guardian ; 
 division of a city or of a 
 hospital. — oj. t. or i. To 
 watch ; to guard. 
 
 Ward'en, n. A keeper; a 
 guardian. 
 
 Ward'er, n. A keeper ; a 
 guard. 
 
 Ward'r5be, n. A portable 
 closet for clothes ; wearing 
 apparel. _ 
 Ward'-room, n. A room in 
 ships in which officers mess. 
 Ware, v. t. [hup. wore.] To 
 
 wear ; to veer. 
 Ware§, n. jd. Goods; mer- 
 chandise ; commodities. 
 Ware 'house, n. A store- 
 house for goods. 
 War'fare, n. Military ser- 
 vice ; hostilities ; contest. 
 Wa'ri-ly (13),a</f. Cautious- 
 ly ; with circumspection. 
 Wa'ri-ness, n. Cautious- 
 ness ; circumspection. 
 Wartlike, n. Relating or 
 
 adapted to war ; martial. 
 Warm, a. Having moderate 
 li'eat ; zealous ; keen. — v. t. 
 or i. To heat moderately ; 
 to become, or cause to be- 
 come, animated. 
 Warmth, n. Moderate heat ; 
 
 ardor ; enthusiasm ; zeal. 
 Warn, v. t. To caution ; to 
 
 admonish ; to notify. 
 Warn'ing, n. Caution ; ad- 
 monition ; previous notice. 
 Warp, n. Threads that run 
 lengthwise in a loom ; a rope 
 used in towing. — v. i. or t. 
 To turn or twist out of 
 shape ; to deviate ; to per- 
 vert ; to tow with a warp or 
 
 WASSAIL 
 
 line attached to buoys, aa- 
 
 chors, or the like. 
 War'rant, n. A commission ; 
 authority; precept; guar- 
 anty; voucher. — v. t. To 
 authorize or justify ; to as- 
 sure, [ble. 
 War'rant-a-ble, a. Justifia- 
 War'ran-tee', n. One to 
 whom land, or other thing, 
 is warranted. 
 War'ran-ty, n. A covenant 
 of security : a guarantee. — 
 V. t. To warrant. 
 War'ren, n. A place for rab- 
 bits, fowls, or fish, &c. 
 War'rior (wiir/yur), n. A 
 
 military man ; a soldier. 
 Wart, n. A small hard ex- 
 crescence on the skin. 
 Wart'y, a. Having warts; 
 
 like warts. [war. 
 War'-w5rn, a. Worn with 
 Wa'ry, a. Cautious of danr 
 ger ; prudent ; circumspect. 
 Wa§ (2). Past tense of the 
 
 substantive verb To he. 
 Wash, V. t. To cleanse by 
 water ; to wet ; to lave ; to 
 remove by the action of 
 water. — n. Ablution ; al- 
 luvial matter ; a cosmetic ; 
 refuse matter from a kitch- 
 en ; a coating of metal. 
 Wash-ball, n. A ball of soap. 
 Wash'-board, n. A board 
 " next the floor ; a board on 
 which clothes are rubbed in 
 washing. 
 Wash'er,n. One who washes ; 
 a ring of metal or leather, 
 to relieve friction or to se- 
 cure tightness of joints, &c. 
 Wash'er-wpm'an (21),n. A 
 woman who washes clothes. 
 Wash'ing, n. Act of one who 
 washes ; clothes washed, 
 especially at one time. 
 Wash'y, a. AVatery ; weak; 
 
 thin ; diluted. 
 Wasp , n . An insect that stings 
 
 severely. 
 Wasp'ish, n. Peevish ; pet- 
 
 ulant ; like a wasp. y ' 
 
 Was'sail, n. A drinking to o 
 one's health ; a liquor made 
 of apples, sugar, and ale ; a fc 
 drunken bout. 
 
 •1 
 
 son, or, ds, w<?lf, to'c, tcTok ; drn, rjio, pvll ; 5, ^oft; g, Mrd/ as ; exist ; q as ng } ttiia. 
 
WAST 
 
 296 
 
 WEATHER 
 
 Wast, imp. of To he, in the 
 2d person sing., indicative. 
 
 Waste, V. i. To spend ,* to 
 dissipate ; to lavish ; to 
 squander. — a. Desolate ; 
 valueless; wild. — n. Act 
 of wasting; worthless rem- 
 nant ; loss ; desolate ground. 
 
 Waste'ful, a. Destructive; 
 lavish ;' extravagant. 
 
 Watch, n. Guard ; vigil ; one 
 who watches, or those who 
 watch ; a pocket time-piece ; 
 time of guarding. — v. i. To 
 be awake ; to keep guard ; 
 to wait. — V. t. To observe 
 closely ; to have in keeping. 
 
 Watch'er, «. One who 
 
 Watch'ful (17), a. Careful 
 to observe ; guarding with 
 caution. — Syn. Vigilant ; 
 cautious ; attentive ; cir- 
 cumspect; wary. 
 
 Watch'-house, n. A house 
 in which a watch or guard 
 is placed. 
 
 Watch'man (21), n. A sen- 
 tinel ; a night-guard. 
 
 Watch'-tow^er, n. Tower for 
 a watch or sentinel. 
 
 Watch'-word (-wurd),«. A 
 sentinel's pass-word ; a 
 countersign. 
 
 Wa'ter, n. The most com- 
 mon of all fluids ; urine ; a 
 body of water ; luster of a 
 diamond. — v. t. or i. To ir- 
 rigate ; to cause or allow to 
 drink ; to shed water. 
 
 Wa'ter-eoPorg, n. pi. Colors 
 diluted and mixed with 
 gum-water. 
 
 Wa'ter-eourse, n. A chan- 
 nel or canal for water. 
 
 Wa'ter-eress, n. A small 
 plant, used as a salad. 
 
 Wa'ter-fall, a. A cascade ; 
 a cataract ; a kind of female 
 head-gear of hair. 
 
 Wa'ter-fowl, n. A bird that 
 frequents the water. 
 
 Wa'ter-i-ness, n. Quality or 
 state of being watery. 
 . Wa'ter-ish, a. Like water; 
 
 thin ; moist ; wet. [man. 
 , Wa'ter-man (21), n. A boat- 
 
 Wa'ter-mark, n. A device 
 
 TTTOUght into paper during 
 the process of manufacture. 
 
 Wa'ter-mePon, n. A plant, 
 and its pulpy fruit. 
 
 Wa'ter-mill, n. A mill 
 turned by water. 
 
 Wa'ter-pot, n. A vessel to 
 hold water. 
 
 Wa'ter-probf, a. Not ad- 
 mitting water. 
 
 Wa'ter-rot, v. t. To rot by 
 steeping in water, as flax. 
 
 Wa'ter-spout, n. A whirl- 
 ing column of water at sea. 
 
 Wa'ter-tight (-tit), a. So 
 tight as to reiain or not to 
 admit water. 
 
 Wa' ter- wheel, n. Any wheel 
 for propelling machinery, 
 &c., made to revolve by the 
 action of water. 
 
 Wa'ter-3'", a. Aqueous ; thin ; 
 tasteless ; wet ; washy. 
 
 Wat'tle,w. A twig; a hur- 
 dle ; fleshy excrescence un- 
 der the throat of a cock, 
 &c. — V. t. To interweave, 
 as twigs ; to plat ; to form 
 of platted twigs. 
 
 Waul, v. i. To cry as a cat. 
 
 Wave, n. A moving ridge or 
 swell of water. — v. i. or t. 
 To move one way and the 
 other, like a wave ; to re- 
 linquish ; to waive. 
 
 Wave'less, a. Free from 
 waves ; calm ; smooth. 
 
 Wave'-6f^fer-ing, n. An 
 offering in the Jewish ser- 
 vices made by waving the 
 object toward the four car- 
 dinal points. 
 
 Wa'ver, v. i. To fluctuate ; to 
 vacillate ; to be unsteady or 
 undecided. 
 
 Wa'vy, a. Rising or swelling 
 in waves ; undulating. 
 
 W&x (3), n. A tenacious 
 substance formed by bees. 
 — V. i. [imp. WAXED ; p. p. 
 WAXED or WAXEN.] To 
 grow ; to increase ; to be- 
 come. — V. t. To rub or smear 
 with wax. [sembliug, wax. 
 
 Wax'en, a. Made of, or re- 
 
 Wax'-work (-wiirk), n. A 
 figure or figures formed of 
 wax. 
 
 W3,x'y, a. Like wax ; soft ; 
 yielding. 
 
 Way, n. A road ; room ; 
 course; means; mode. 
 
 Way'-bill, n. A list of pas- 
 sengers or of baggage. 
 
 V/ay'far-er, n. A traveler. 
 
 Way'far-ing, a. Traveling. 
 
 Way'lay, v. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 WAYLAID.] To lie in wait 
 for, especially to seize, rob, 
 or slay . 
 
 Way'ward, a. Froward ; 
 perverse ; willful. 
 
 We, pron. ; pi. of 7. 
 
 Weak (4), a. Feeble ; infirm ; 
 frail; soft; low; spiritless. 
 
 Weak'en, v. t. To make 
 weak ; to enfeeble ; to de- 
 bilitate ; to enervate. 
 
 Weak'ly , adv. In a weak or 
 feeble manner. — a. Infirm. 
 
 Weak'ness, n. Feebleness; 
 infirmity ; debility. 
 
 Weal, n. Happiness ; pros- 
 perity : a sound, healthy, 
 prosperous state. [es. 
 
 Wealth, n. Afiluence ; rich- 
 
 Wealth'y, a. Rich ; opulent. 
 
 Wean, v. t. To accustom to 
 a deprivation of the breast ; 
 to withdraw from any desire. 
 
 Wean'ling, n. A child or 
 animal newly weaned. 
 
 Weap'on, n. An instrument 
 of offense or defense. 
 
 Wear, v. t. ori. [irnp. WORE ; 
 p. p. WORN.] To carry or 
 have on ; to waste by fric- 
 tion or by use ; to consume ; 
 to turn round, as a ship, 
 with the stern toward the 
 wind. — n. Act of wearing ; 
 thing worn. 
 
 Wear, n. A dam in a river ; 
 a net of twigs in a stream. 
 
 Wea'ri-s6me, a. Tiresome; 
 fatiguing ; tedious. 
 
 Wea'ry, a. Tired ; fatigued ; 
 — V. t. To tire ; to fatigue. 
 
 Wca'§and, «. The windpipe. 
 
 Wea'sel (w«"/zl), n. A certain 
 smatl quadruped, very slen- 
 der and agile. 
 
 Weath'er, n. State of the 
 atmosphere. — v. t. To sail 
 to the windward of ; to en- 
 dure. 
 
 ^, 6, T, o, u, y, Ions ! 5, e, I, o, tt. 
 
 L, y, short ; cure, car, ask, all, wh§.t j Ore, vsil, term ; pique, ffrm ; 
 
WEATHER-COCK 
 
 297 
 
 WHEEL 
 
 ■W6ath'er-e6ck, n. A vane ; 
 a vacillating person. 
 
 Weatii'er-gage, n. Position 
 of a ship to the windward 
 of another ; position of ad- 
 vantage. 
 
 W6atii'er-glass, n. A con- 
 trivance to foreshow changes 
 of weather ; a barometer. 
 
 Weath'er-wT§e, a. Skillful 
 in foretelling the weather. 
 
 Weave, v. t. [imp. wove ; 
 
 p. p. WOVE, WOVEN.] To 
 
 unite, as threads, so as to 
 form cloth. [weaves. 
 
 Weav'er, n. One who 
 
 Web, n. Any thing woven ; 
 a film ; a membrane. 
 
 Webbed (7), a. Having the 
 toes united by a membrane. 
 
 W6b'bing, n. A strong nar- 
 row fabric of hemp used for 
 various purposes. 
 
 Web'-fdbVed, a. Having 
 webbed feet. 
 
 Wed, V. t. To marry ; to 
 unite closely or strongly. 
 
 W6d'ding, n. Nuptial cere- 
 mony ; marriage. 
 
 Wedge, n. A piecel 
 of metal or of wood 
 sloping to an edge, 
 used for splitting. Wedge. 
 — V. t. To fasten by means 
 of wedges. [state. 
 
 W6d'16ck (5), n. Married 
 
 Wedne§'day (wenz'dy), «• 
 The fourth day of the week. 
 
 Wee, a. Small; little. 
 
 Weed, n. A useless or trouble- 
 some plant; (pi.) mourning 
 apparel. — v. t. To free from 
 noxious plants ; to root out. 
 
 Weed'y, a. Full of weeds. 
 
 Week, n. Period of seven 
 days. [cept Sunday. 
 
 Week'-day, n. Any day ex- 
 
 Week'ly, o. Happening or 
 done every week. — adv. 
 Once a week. — n. A publi- 
 cation issued once every 
 week. 
 
 Ween, v. i. To think ; to 
 fancy. 
 
 Weep, V. i. or t. [imp. & p. p. 
 WEPT.] To shed tears ; to 
 bewail ; to lament ; to be- 
 moan; to drip. 
 
 Wee'vil (we/vl), n. A small 
 insect that injures grain. 
 
 Weft, n. The woof of cloth. 
 
 Weigh (wa),v. t. To ascer- 
 tain the weight of ; to pon- 
 der. — v.i. To have weight. 
 
 Weight (wat), n. Heaviness ; 
 gravity ; importance ; some- 
 thing for ascertaining the 
 weight of other bodies. 
 
 Weight'y (wat^-), a. Heavy ; 
 important. 
 
 Weird, a. Skilled in witch- 
 craft ; supernatural ; un- 
 earthly ; wild. 
 
 Wel'€6me (17), n. Kind re- 
 ception or salutation. — a. 
 Received with gladness ; 
 grateful ; pleasing. — v. t. 
 To salute or entertain with 
 kindness. 
 
 Weld, V. t. To beat or press 
 into union, as heated metals. 
 
 Wel'fare (17), n. Health ; 
 happiness ; prosperity ; suc- 
 cess, [heavens. 
 
 Wgl'kin, n. The sky; the 
 
 Well, n. A spring; a deep 
 circular pit for water. — f. i. 
 To flow forth ; to spring ; to 
 issue. — a. Not sick ; being 
 in health, good stivte, or fa- 
 vor. — adv. Not amiss ; 
 rightly ; properly. 
 
 Well'-be^ing, n. Welfare; 
 prosperity ; weal. 
 
 Well'-bred(17),a. Educated 
 to polished manners ; re- 
 fined ; cultivated. 
 
 Well'-nlgh (-nl), adv. Very 
 nearly ; almost. 
 
 Well'-spent, a. Tirtuously 
 employed or passed. 
 
 WelP-sweep, n. A long pole 
 balanced on a high post, 
 used for raising a bucket in 
 a well. 
 
 Well'-wish^er, n. A friend. 
 Welsh, a. Pertaining to 
 
 Wales. — n. The inhabitants 
 
 or the language of Wales. 
 Welt, n. A border ; an edging. 
 Wel'ter (8), v. i. To roll, as 
 
 in mire ; to wallow. 
 Wen, n. A fleshy tumor. 
 Wench, n. A young woman ; 
 
 a strumpet ; a negress. 
 Went, imp. of Go. 
 
 Wept, imp. of Weep. 
 
 Were (wcr), imp. pi. of Be. 
 
 Wert. Second person singular 
 of Were. 
 
 West, n. Region where the 
 sun sets, or opposite to the 
 east. — adv. At or toward 
 the westward. — a. Situated 
 toward, or relating to, the 
 west ; coming from the west. 
 
 West'er-ly, a. Being toward, 
 or in, or from, the west. 
 
 West'ern, «. Being in, or 
 moving toward the west. 
 
 W6st'ward, I adv. To- 
 
 West'ward-ly, j ward the 
 west. 
 
 Wet, a. Full of moisture; 
 very_ damp ; rainy. — n. 
 Water ; wetness; n;oisture ; 
 humidity. — t. [iinp. & 
 p.p. WET.] Tofillormoist- 
 en with a liquid. 
 
 Weth'er, n. A castrated ram. 
 
 Whale (hwal), n. The largest 
 of marine animals. 
 
 Whale'bcne, n. A firm elastic 
 substance from the upper 
 jaw of the whale. 
 
 Whale'man(21),n. Amanem- 
 plo} ed in the whale-fishery. 
 
 Wharf (hwarf, 20), n. A 
 mole, pier, or quay, for land- 
 ing goods at. 
 
 Wharf'in-ger, n. Superin- 
 tendent or proprietor of a 
 wharf. 
 
 What (hwot), pron. That 
 which ; partly ; — as an ex- 
 clamation, how remarkable ; 
 how great. It is also used 
 interrogatively. [or that. 
 
 What -ev'er, pron. Being this 
 
 What'not, n. A piece c f fur- 
 niture, with shelves for 
 books, ornaments, &c. 
 
 What^so-ev'er, pron. What- 
 ever, [grain. 
 
 Wheat, n. A species of fino 
 
 Wheat'en, a. Made of wheat. 
 
 Whee'dle, v. t. To entice by 
 soft words ; to coax ; to flat- 
 ter ; to cajole. 
 
 Wheel (3), A circular frame 
 turning on an axis ; a turr , 
 or revolution. — v. t. Tc 
 cause to move on wheels. — ^ 
 V. i. To turn ; to revolve. 
 
 son, or, dQ, w^lf, toD, tdbk ; Urn, rije, pyll ; 9, ^, soft / €, g, hard; ; epst ; q as ng ; this- 
 
WHEELBARROW 
 
 298 
 
 WHITHER 
 
 Wheel 'bar-row, n. A sort of 
 
 hand-cart with one wheel. 
 Wheel'-wrlght (-rit), n. A 
 
 maker of wheels. [hard. 
 Wheeze, v. i. To breathe 
 Whelm, V. t. To cover ; to 
 
 immerse ; to bury. 
 Whelp, n. A puppy ; a cub. 
 
 — V. I. To bring forth cubs 
 
 or puppies. 
 When, adv. At what time ; 
 
 while ; whereas. 
 Whenge, adv. From what 
 
 or which place. 
 WhgnQe'so-ev^er, adv. From 
 
 whatever place. 
 When-ev'er, \adv. At 
 When''so-ev'er, 1 whatever 
 
 time. 
 
 Where, adv. At or in what 
 place ; whither. 
 
 •45^ere''a-bouts', adv. Near 
 
 ^^hat or which place ^ con- 
 cerning whicS. 
 
 Where-as', ai/i'. Since; when 
 in fact. 
 
 Where-at', adv. At what. 
 
 Where-by', adv. By which ; 
 by what. 
 
 Where'fpre (18), adv. For 
 whicb^ reason ; for what rea- 
 son ; why. [what. 
 
 Where-in', adv. In which or 
 
 Where'ln-tp', adv. Into 
 which or what. 
 
 Where-6f' (-olF or -ov'), adv. 
 Of which or what. 
 
 Where-6n', I adv. On 
 
 Where^up-6n', ) which or 
 what. 
 
 Where''so-Sv'er, adv. In 
 what place soever ; where- 
 ever. [to what end. 
 
 Where-tp', adv. To which ; 
 
 Where''up-6n', adv. Upon or 
 in consequence of which. 
 
 Wh6r-ev'er (17), adv. At 
 whatever place. 
 
 Where-with' (-with' or 
 -wTtii''), adv. With which ; 
 with what. 
 
 Whfer'ry, n. A light shallow 
 boat, built long and narrow 
 for fast rowing or sailing. 
 Vhet (7), V. t. To sharpen 
 by friction ; to stimulate. — 
 «7. Act of sharpening by fric- 
 tion ; a stimulant. 
 
 Wheth'er, pron. Which of 
 the two. — conj. Used to 
 introduce the first of two or 
 more alternative clauses. 
 
 Whet'stone, n. A stone for 
 sharpening edged tools. 
 
 Whey, n. The thin, watery 
 part of milk. 
 
 Which, pron. relating to 
 things. It is used inter- 
 rogatively and relatively, 
 both as a substantive and 
 an adjective. [of air. 
 
 Whiff (1), w. A quick puff 
 
 Whiffle, V. i. To waver ; to 
 be unsteady or fickle. 
 
 Whif'fle-tree, n. The bar to 
 which the traces of a car- 
 riage are fastened. 
 
 Whig ( 3) , n. One of a certain 
 political party. 
 
 Whig'gish (7), a. Inclined to 
 whiggery ; pertaining to 
 whigs or to their principles. 
 
 Whig'gism, I n. The princi- 
 
 Whig'ger-y , ) pies of whigs . 
 
 While, n. Time ; space of 
 time. — adv. During the 
 time that ; as long as ; in 
 which case. — v. t. To spend 
 or pass, as time. 
 
 Whilst, adv. While. 
 
 Whim, In. A freak of 
 
 Whim'gey, > fancy ; a ca- 
 price, or capricious notion. 
 
 Whim'per, v. i. To cry with 
 a low, whining, broken 
 voice ; to complain in a 
 shrill tone. 
 
 Whim'§i-eal, a. Full of 
 whims; curious; odd; fan- 
 tastic ; freakish ; capricious. 
 
 Whin, w. Gorse ; furze. 
 
 Whine, v. i. To lament or 
 complain in a plaintive 
 tone. — n. A nasal, puerile 
 tone of complaint. _ 
 
 Whin'ny, v. t. To make a 
 shrill noise, as a horse. 
 
 Whip, n. An instrument for 
 driving teams or for correc- 
 tion; a coachman. — v. t. 
 To strike with a whip ; to 
 lash ; to beat ; to jerk. 
 
 Whip'ple-tree, n. A bar to 
 fasten the tugs or traces of 
 a carriage to. 
 
 Whip'-pobr-wiU, n. An 
 
 American bird, so called 
 from its note. 
 
 Whip'savv, n. A saw for di- 
 viding timber lengthwise. 
 
 Whip'-stock, n. The handle 
 of a whip. 
 
 Whir, V. i. To whirl round 
 with noise. — n. A buzzing 
 or whizzing sound of any 
 thing in rapid revolution. 
 
 Whirl, V. To turn rapidly. — 
 n. A rapid turning. 
 
 Whirl'i-gig, n. A child's toy. 
 
 Whirl'pool, n. An eddy ; a 
 vortex of water. 
 
 Whirl'wind, n. A violent 
 wind moving circularly. 
 
 Whisk, n. A small brush ; a 
 rapid, sweeping motion. — 
 V. t. To brush with a whisk ; 
 to move rapidly. 
 
 Whisk'er, n. Hair growing 
 on the sides of the face. 
 
 Whis'ky, ) n. A spirit dis- 
 
 Whis'key, ) tilled from bar- 
 ley, wheat, rye, or maize. 
 
 Whis'per, v. To speak or ad- 
 dress in a low voice." — n. A 
 soft, sibilant voice ; utter- 
 ance without sonant breath. 
 
 Whist, n. A certain game at 
 cards. — a. Silent ; mute. 
 
 Whis'tle (hwYsa), v. i. To 
 make a kind of sharp, musi- 
 cal sound with the breath 
 forced through the lips ; to 
 sound shrilly. — n. A shrill 
 sound made by the breath, 
 &c. ; a pipe that makes a 
 shrill sound. 
 
 Whit, n. A bit ; a jot ; a tittle. 
 
 White, a. Of the color of 
 snow ; pale ; pure ; clean. — 
 n. A white color ; any thing 
 white, as part of the eye. 
 
 Whit'en, v. To make or be- 
 come white ; to bleach. 
 
 Wfeite'ness, n. State or qual- 
 ity of being white. 
 
 White'-swelPing, M. A lin- 
 gering inflammation of the 
 knee-joint. 
 
 White'wash, n. Lime and 
 water for whitening walls, 
 &c. — V. t. To cover with 
 whitewash ; to give a fair 
 external appearai^ce to. 
 
 Whith'er, adv. To what or 
 
 1, 5r, short / care, car, ask, p, wh^t ; ere, vfiil, t5rm ; p^q^o, firm ; 
 
WHITHERSOEVER 
 
 which place, point, or de- 
 gree. 
 
 Whith'er-so-gv'er, adv. To 
 whatever place. 
 
 Whifing, n. Ground chalk ; 
 a sea-fish allied to the cod. 
 
 Whit'ish, a. Moderately 
 white ; somewhat white. 
 
 Whit'leath-er, n. Leather 
 dressed with alum, salt, &c,, 
 very pliable and tough. 
 
 "Whit'ldw, n. A suppurating 
 tumor on the finger or toe. 
 
 Whit'tle, V. t. To cut off the 
 surface of with a knife. 
 
 "Whiz, n. A humming or hiss- 
 ing sound. — V. t. (7) To 
 make a humming or hissing 
 sound. 
 
 Who (hob), 77ron. Which or 
 what person or persons. 
 
 Whp-ev'er (hoo-),pro«. Any 
 person whatever. 
 
 Whole (hoi), a. All ; entire ; 
 complete; sound. — n. The 
 entire thing ; totahty. 
 
 Whole'sale (hoP-), n. Sale 
 by the piece or quantity. — 
 a. Pertaining to trade by 
 the piece or quantity. 
 
 Whole'some (hol/sum), a. 
 Favorable to health ; salu- 
 tary ; useful. 
 
 Whol'ly (hol/y, 10), adv To- 
 tally ; entirely. 
 
 Whom (hdom), pron. Ob- 
 jective case of Who. 
 
 Whom^so-ev'er (hcTom/-), 
 pr'on. Objective case of Who- 
 ever. 
 
 Whdbp (hcTop), n. A shout. 
 — V. i. To shout ; to hoot. 
 
 Whobp'ing-c6ugh (hoop^- 
 ing-kuf), n. A violent, con- 
 vulsive cough ; hooping- 
 cough. 
 
 Whore (hor), n. A prostitute, 
 
 Whor'tle-b6r/ry (hwarai-V 
 n. A plant, and its small 
 edible berry. 
 
 Whose (hobz), pron. Posses- 
 sive* case of Who. 
 
 Whp/so-ev'er (hoo'-), a. Any 
 person whatever. 
 
 Whur, n. A humming sound ; 
 whir. — V. i. To make a 
 rough, humming sound. 
 
 Why (18), adv. For what 
 
 299 
 
 reaflon ; for which reason ; i 
 reason, or cause for which. ] 
 Wick (5), n. The cotton cord 
 
 of a caudle or lamp. 
 Wick'ed, a. Evil ; vicious ; 
 
 sinful ; iniquitous. 
 Wick'ed-ly, adv. In a wicked 
 
 manner ; viciously. 
 Wick'ed-ness, n. Yice ; 
 
 crime ; sin ; guilt ; iniquity. 
 Wick'er, n. A small twig. — 
 
 a. Made of small twigs. 
 Wick'et, M. A small gate. 
 Wide, a. Having great ex- 
 tent each way or between 
 the sides ; not narrow. — 
 — Syn. Broad ; extensive ; 
 remote ; distant. — adv. At 
 a distance ; far. 
 Wide'ly (10), adv. To a wide 
 
 degree ; extensively. 
 WId'en, V. t. or i. To make 
 
 or grow wider. 
 Wid'geon (wTd^jun), n. A 
 water-fowl of the duck kind. 
 Wid'ow, n. A woman who 
 has lost her husband. — v. 
 t. To deprive of a husband ; 
 to bereave. 
 Wid'6w-er, n. A man whose 
 
 wife is dead. 
 Wid'ow-htTod, n. The state 
 
 or condition of a widow. 
 Width, n. Extent from side 
 
 to side ; breadth. 
 Wield, v.t. To control ; to 
 
 sway ; to employ ; to use. 
 Wife (20), n. The lawful con- 
 sort of a man. 
 Wig, n. An artificial cover- 
 ing of hair for the head. 
 Wight (wit), n. A person ; a 
 being. [cabin or hut. 
 
 Wig'wam, n. An Indian 
 Wild, a. Fierce; desert; 
 rude ; savage ; licentious ; 
 fanciful. — n. A wilderness. 
 Wnd'cat, n. A feline ani- 
 mal, very strong and fierce. 
 WiPder-ness, n. A wild, un- 
 cultivated tract. 
 Wild'fire, «. An inflamma- 
 ble composition, very hard 
 to quench when on fire. 
 Wild'ly, adv. In a wild man- 
 ner. 
 
 Wile, n. A trick ; insidious 
 artifice ; stratagem ; fraud. 
 
 ^TNDING-SHEET 
 
 Wi'li-ness, n. State of being 
 
 wily ; cunning ; craft. 
 Will,n. The faculty of choos- 
 ing ; choice ; inclination ; 
 command ; testament. — v. 
 t. To determine by an act 
 of choice ; to dispose of, by 
 testament. — auxiliary verb 
 [imp. WOULD], used to de- 
 note futurity. 
 Will'ful, \ a. Stubbojn ; un- 
 
 governable. 
 adv Stub- 
 bornly. 
 ; n. Obstinacy 
 i of will ; stub- 
 
 Wil'ful, S 
 Will'fuMy, \ 
 Wil'ful-ly, i 
 Will'ful-ness, 
 Wil'ful-ness, 
 
 bornness. 
 Will'ing, a. Free to do ; ready. 
 Will'ing-ly, adv. By free 
 
 will or one's own choice. 
 Will'ing-ness, n. Free 
 
 choice ; readiness. 
 Wil'low, n. A kind of tree. 
 Wil'16w-y, a. Aboiinding 
 with willows ; like a willow. 
 Wilt, V. i. To begin to wither. 
 Wi'ly, a. Cunning ; crafty ; 
 
 artful; sly. 
 Wim'ble, n. An instrument 
 
 to bore holes with. 
 Win, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 WON.] To gain; to get; to 
 allure. [start back. 
 
 Winge, V. t. To shrink; to 
 Winch, n. A kind of lever ; 
 
 a crank-handle. [breath. 
 Wind, n. A current of air; 
 Wind, V. t. [imp. & p. p. 
 WOUND.] To turn ; to 
 twist ; to coil ; to encircle ; 
 to sound by blowing. 
 Wind'age, n. Difference be- 
 tween the diameter of a gun 
 and that of a ball. 
 Wind'bound, a. Detained 
 
 by contrary winds. 
 Wind'fall, n. Fruit blown 
 off ; any unexpected benefit. 
 Wind'-flow^er, n. The an- 
 emone ; — formerly thought 
 to open only when the wind 
 was blowing. 
 Wind'-gall, n. A soft tumor 
 
 on a horse's fetlock. 
 Wind'-gun, n. A gun dis 
 
 charged by air. 
 Y/ind'ing-sheet, n. A shrou ' 
 to wrap the dead in. 
 
 86n. or, dQ, wolf, t(7o, tdbk; fim, r]jG, p\ill ; e, ^, so/f; €, g, hard; ; epst ; q as ng; tiiis. 
 
WINDLASS 
 
 800 
 
 WOMANHOOD 
 
 Wind'lass, w. 
 
 A machine 
 for raising 
 weights. 
 *Wmd'mill,M. 
 
 "Win'dow, n. An opening in 
 the wall of a building for 
 the admission of light. 
 
 Wind'pipe, n. Passage for 
 the breath to and from the 
 lungs ; the trachea. 
 
 "Wmd'row, n. A line of hay. 
 
 Wind'ward, a. Lying toward 
 the point from which the 
 wind blows. — n. The point 
 from which the wind blows. 
 — adv. Toward the wind. 
 
 Wind'y, a. Stormy ; tem- 
 pestuous ; flatulent ; empty. 
 
 Wine, n. Fermented juice of 
 grapes and of other fruits. 
 
 Wine'-bib'ber, ti. One who 
 drinks much wine. 
 
 Wine'-glass, n. A small 
 glass from which wine is 
 drank. 
 
 Wing, n. Limb of a bird. — v. 
 t. To furnish with wings ; 
 to transport by flight ; to 
 wound on the wing. 
 
 Wink, V. i. To shut and open 
 the eyelids quickly ; to con- 
 nive. — n. A quick closing 
 and opening of the eyelids ; 
 a hint given by shutting the 
 eye with a significant cast. 
 
 "Win'ner, n. One who wins. 
 
 Wm'ning, a. Attractive ; 
 charming. 
 
 Win'now, V. t. To separate, 
 as chaff, by means of wind. 
 
 Win'ter, n. The cold season 
 of the year. — t;. ?. (8) To 
 pass the winter. — v. t. To 
 feed in winter. 
 
 Win'ter-green, n. A small 
 evergreen plant having 
 bright red berries.. 
 
 Win'ter-kill, v.t. To kill by 
 the cold of Minter. 
 
 Wm'ter-y, ) a. Suitable to, 
 
 ^Vin'try, j or lilie, vvinter ; 
 
 V cold. 
 
 iV^ipe, V. t. To clean or re- 
 move by rubbing ; to rub 
 off. — n. A rub ; a stroke. 
 
 ,i,c,T,o,u,y,/ong'/a,6,i, 6,u 
 
 Wip'er, n. One who wipes ; 
 
 something used for wiping. 
 Wire, n. An even thread of 
 metal. 
 
 Wire'-draw^er, n. One who 
 forms wire by drawing. 
 
 Wire'-pulPer, n. One who 
 pulls the wires of a puppet ; 
 hence, an intriguer. 
 
 Wir'y, a. Made of, or resem- 
 bling, wire ; sinewy. 
 
 Wi§'dom (10), n. Knowledge, 
 and the capacity to make 
 due use of it ; sagacity. 
 
 Wi§e, a. Having wisdom. — 
 Syn. Sage ; sagacious ; ju- 
 dicious ; prudent ; grave. — 
 n. A manner or way. 
 
 Wi§e'a-€re, «. A shallow 
 pretender to great wisdom. 
 
 Wish, V. i. To desire or long 
 for. — V. t. To desire ; to 
 long for ; to frame or ex- 
 press a desire about. — n. A 
 desire ; thing desired. 
 
 Wish'ful,a. Feeling or show- 
 ing desire ; eager. 
 
 Wisp, M. A small bundle of 
 straw or hay. 
 
 Wist'ful, a. Eagerly atten- 
 tive ; wishful. 
 
 Wit, n. Faculty of associat- 
 ing ideas, or ideas associated, 
 in an unusual and felicitous 
 manner ; mind ; sense ; a 
 man of genius, fancy, or 
 humor. — v. t. To know ; 
 to be known. 
 
 Witch, n. A woman who 
 practices sorcery. — v. t. To 
 charm. [witches. 
 
 Witch'^raft, n. Practices of 
 
 Witch'er-y, m. Witchcraft; 
 sorcery ; enchantment. 
 
 With, prep. By, denoting 
 cause, nearness, means, or 
 instrument, &c. 
 
 With-aP, adv. With; flke- 
 wise ;' at the same time. 
 
 With-draw', v. t. To take 
 back. ~v. i. To retire ; to 
 retreat. [withdrawing. 
 
 With-draw'al, n. Act of 
 
 Withe (with), n. A willow 
 twig, or handmade of twigs. 
 
 With'er, v. t. or /. To fade ; 
 to dry up ; to decay. 
 
 With'erg, n. pi. The ridge 
 
 between the shoulder-bones 
 of a horse. 
 With-hold', V. t. [imp. Sc^p, 
 
 p. WITHHELD.] To hold 
 
 or keep back. 
 
 With'in', prep. In the inner 
 part of. — adv. Inwardly. 
 
 Witii-out', prep. Out of ; be^ 
 yond ; independently of. — 
 adv. On the outside. — conj. 
 Unless ; except. 
 
 With -stand', v. t. [imp. 
 WITHSTOOD.] To oppose; 
 to resist. 
 
 With'y, a. Made of, or like, 
 withes ; flexible. 
 
 WiVless, a. Wanting wit or 
 understanding. 
 
 Wit'ling, n. A pretender to 
 wit ; one who has little wit. 
 
 Wit'ness, n. Testimony ; 
 evidence ; a person who tes- 
 tifies or gives evidence. — v. 
 To see ; to bear testimony ; 
 to attest. 
 
 Wit'ti-Qism, n. A phrase af- 
 fectedly'witty ; a conctit. 
 
 Wit'ti-ly, adv. With wit. 
 
 Wit'ting-ly, adv. Knowing- 
 ly ; by design. 
 
 Wit'ty (7), a. Full of wit; 
 smart ; humorous ; droll ; 
 facetious; satirical. 
 
 Wlveg, n. ; pi. of W ife. 
 
 Wiz'ard, n. A magician ; a 
 conjurer ; a sorcerer. 
 
 Wiz'en, a. Thin; dried up. 
 
 Woad, n. A plant, the kaves 
 of which furnish a blue col- 
 oring matter. 
 
 Woe (27), n. A heavy calam- 
 ity ; sorrow ; grief. 
 
 W6e'-be-g6ne^ a. Over- 
 whelmed with woe. 
 
 Wo'ful ) (17), a. Very sor- 
 
 Woe'ful ) rowful ; full of 
 distress. — Syn. Calami- 
 tous ; afflictive ; miserable. 
 
 Wolf (wylf, 20), n. A car- 
 nivorous animal. 
 
 Wolfish, a. Like a wolf ; ra- 
 pacious ; destructive. 
 
 Wolf's'bane, n. A poisonous 
 plant. 
 
 Wom'an (21), n. An adult 
 female of the human race. 
 
 Wom'an-hdbd, n. The stato 
 or qualities of a woman. 
 
 , f, short; care, car, Sisk, all, wh§it ; Ore, vgU, tCrm ; pique, firm j 
 
WOMANLY 
 
 801 
 
 WRAPPING 
 
 Wom'an-ly, a. Becoming a 
 woman. 
 
 Womb (wcJbm), n. Place 
 where any thing is gener- 
 ated or produced. [Woman. 
 
 Wom'en (wim'en), n. pi. of 
 
 Won, imp. & p. p. of Win. 
 
 Won'der, n. Surprise ; as- 
 tonishment. — V. i. To be 
 surprised ; to marvel. 
 
 W6n'der-ful, a. Exciting 
 wonder or surprise; aston- 
 ishing ; surprising. 
 
 W6n'drous, a. Wonderful; 
 marvelous; strange. 
 
 W6nt(want),a. Accustomed ; 
 habituated. — v. i. To be 
 accustomed. 
 
 Wdnt'ed (wunt^ed), a. Ac- 
 customed ; customary. 
 
 Wc5b(15), V. t. To solicit in 
 marriage. — v. i. To make 
 love ; to court. 
 
 Wdbd, n. A collection of 
 trees ; substance of a tree ; 
 timber; fuel.— r. t. To 
 supply with wood, [plant. 
 
 Wdbd'blne, n. A climbing 
 
 W(5t)d'chuck, n. A certain 
 small burrowing animal. 
 
 Wdbd'€6ck, n. A bird of 
 the snipe family. 
 
 Wdbd'-cut, n. An engrav- 
 ing on wood, or an impres- 
 sion from it. 
 
 W(5&d'ed, a. Covered or sup- 
 plied with wood. 
 
 Wobd'en (wobd'n), a. Made 
 of wood ; hard ; clumsy. 
 
 Wdbd'-house, n. A house 
 or shed for wood. 
 
 Wdbd'land, n. Land covered 
 with wood or trees. 
 
 W(5bd'-nymph, n. A fabled 
 goddess of the woodg. 
 
 Wdbd'peck-er, n. A bird 
 that pecks holes in trees in 
 pursuit of insects. 
 Wdbd'y, a. Abounding with, 
 
 or consisting of, wood. 
 Wc5b'er, n. One who wooes. 
 Woof, n. Threads that cross 
 the warp in weaving ; weft. 
 WdbL n. The fleece of sheep ; 
 
 short, thick, crispy hair. 
 WdblV^n ( (8), a. Consisting 
 WdbPlen \ of, or pertaining 
 to, wool. 
 
 Wdbl'Ii-ness, n. State or 
 quality of being woolly. 
 
 Wdbl'ly, a. Consisting of, or 
 resembling, wool. 
 
 Wobl'-s3,ck, n. A sack of 
 wool ; seat of the Lord 
 Chancellor of England in 
 the House of Lords. 
 
 Word (wQrd), n. Spoken or 
 written sign of an idea ; a 
 term ; vocable ; message ; 
 promise ; token ; tidings ,* 
 the Scriptures. — v. t. To 
 express in words. 
 
 Word'i-ness (wfird^-), n. Yer- 
 bosity ; verbiage. 
 
 Word'ing (wQrd''ing),n. Man- 
 ner of expi*essing in words. 
 
 Word'y (wurd/5'), «• ^'sing 
 many words ; verbose. 
 
 Wore, imp. of Wear. 
 
 Work (wQrk), v. i. [imp. & p. 
 p. worked; wrought.] 
 To labor ; to operate ; to 
 strain ; to toil ; to ferment. 
 — V. To prepare or form by 
 labor ; to embroider. — n. 
 Labor ; toil ; employment ; 
 a book ; any thing made. 
 
 Work'-house (wQrk'-), n. A 
 house for employing the idle 
 or poor. [tion. 
 
 Work'ing (wQrk/-), n. Opera- 
 
 Work'man (wQrk/-, 21), n. 
 A worker ; a skilled laborer. 
 
 Work'man-ship (wurk/-), n. 
 Work done ; manufacture ; 
 manner of making ; skill. 
 
 Work'shop (wdrk^-), n. A 
 shop where work is done. 
 
 World (wQrld), n. The earth ; 
 the universe ; mankind ; all 
 which the earth contains. 
 
 World'li-ness (wfirld^-), n. 
 State of being worldly ; inor- 
 dinate love of earthly things. 
 
 Worldling (w<irld/-),n. One 
 devoted to worldly things. 
 
 World'ly (wtlrld/-), a. ^Re- 
 lating to this world ; devoted 
 to worldly enjoyments ; tem- 
 poral. 
 
 W orra ( wt^ rm ) , n . Any sm all , 
 creeping insect ; a grub ; a 
 reptile ; any thing spiral. — 
 V. t. To work slowly and 
 secretly. — v. i. To gain 
 slowly and by secret means. 
 
 Worm'wdbd (wQrm'-), n. A 
 plant having a bitter taste. 
 
 Worm'y (wurm'-), v. Full of 
 worms; like a worm. 
 
 Worn, p. p. of Wear. 
 
 ^bv'TY (wGr^rj^, 13), v. t. To 
 harrass with importunity, 
 anxiety, or labor. — Syn. 
 To tease ; trouble ; vex. — n. 
 Vexation ; anxiety ; trouble. 
 
 Worse (wQrss), a. More bad. 
 n. A more evil state. — adv. 
 In a manner more evil. 
 
 Wor'ship (wQr'ship), n. Re- 
 ligious homage ; adoration ; 
 a title of honor. — v. t. or i. 
 (8) To adore. 
 
 Wor'ship-er / (wQr-),a. One 
 
 Wor'ship-per \ who worships. 
 
 Wor'ship-ful (wOr'ship-), a. 
 AV'orthy of honor. 
 
 Worst (wfirst), a. Most vile 
 or wicked. — n. The most 
 evil state. — v. t. To defeat. 
 
 Wprst'ed (wnst/ed), n. Yarn 
 from combed and long sta- 
 ple wool. — a. Consisting 
 of worsted. [herb. 
 
 Wort (wurt), n. A plant ; an 
 
 Worth (wQrth), v. i. To be, 
 as, woe worth the day. — n. 
 Yalue; desert. 
 
 Wor'tiii-ly (wGr^-), adv. So 
 as to deserve well ; suitably. 
 
 Worth'less ( wQrth'-), a. Hav- 
 ing no worth or value. 
 
 Wor'thy (wCir/thJ-), a. Hav- 
 ing worth ; deserving ; ex- 
 cellent; meritorious. — n. A 
 man of eminent worth. 
 
 Would (w(5bd), imp. of Will. 
 
 Wound ( wcJond or wownd), n. 
 A hurt; a cut ; a bruise. — 
 V. t. To hurt or bruise. — 
 imp. of Wind. 
 
 Wove, imp. of Weave. 
 
 Wov'en, p. p. of Weave. 
 
 Wran'gle (n1ng/gl), w. An 
 angry dispute. — v. i. To 
 dispute angrily or noisily. 
 
 Wran'gler (rSng^gler), n. 
 One who wrangles. 
 
 Wrap (rap, 1),v. t. To roll or 
 fold together ; to involve. 
 
 Wrap'per (r:tp'per), n. One 
 who, or that which, wraps ; 
 a cover. [covering. 
 
 Wrap'ping (rap^-), n. A 
 
 ^ 86n, or, dQ, w^lf, t<ro, tcJbk ; flm, rjje, pyll ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; a§ ; ejist ; 0 as ng ; this. 
 
WRATH 
 
 802 
 
 YARD 
 
 Wrath (rath), n. Violent an- 
 ger or exasperation. — Syn. 
 Fury ; rage ; passion ; re- 
 sentment ; indignation. 
 
 Wrath'ful (rath/-), a. Angry ; 
 enraged; furious. [angry. 
 
 Wrath'y (rath^-), a. Very 
 
 Wreak (reek), v.t. To inflict. 
 
 Wreath (reeth),n. Something 
 
 ' twisted ; a garland. 
 
 Wreathe (reeth), v. t. To 
 twist ; to entwine. 
 
 Wreck (rek), v. t. To destroy 
 or damage, as a vessel, by 
 driving on the shore or on 
 rocks, &c. ; to strand. — n. 
 Destruction by sea ; any 
 thing wrecked ; ruin. 
 
 Wreck'er (rek^er), n. One 
 who causes a wreck ; one 
 who searches for wrecks. 
 
 WrSn (ren), n. A small bird. 
 
 Wrench (rench), v. t. To 
 pull with a twist ; to wrest. 
 — n. A violent twist ; a 
 sprain ; an instrument for 
 turning bolts, &c. 
 
 WrSst (rest), v. t. To take 
 from by force ; to distort. — 
 n. Violent perversion. 
 
 Wres'tle (res'l), v. i. To 
 grapple and struggle ; to 
 strive, [skilled in wrestling. 
 
 Wres'tler (res^ler), ». One 
 
 Wrgst'ling (rgg/Hng), n. A 
 wrestle ; a struggle. 
 
 Wretch (rech), n. A miser- 
 able person ; a vile knave. 
 
 Wretch'ed (rech'ed), a. Very 
 miserable. — Syn. Unhap- 
 py ; afflicted ; worthless. 
 
 Wrig'gle (rig/gl), v. i. To 
 move to and fro with short 
 motions. — v. t. To move 
 by twisting and squirming. 
 
 Wrig'gler (rig^-), n. One who 
 wriggles. 
 
 Wright (rit), n. A workman ; 
 an artificer. 
 
 Wring (ring), v. t. [imp. & p. 
 
 p. WRINGED or WRUNG.] 
 
 To twist ; to turn ; to strain ; 
 to distress ; to extort. 
 
 Wring'er (ring/-), n. One 
 who rings ; a machine for 
 wringing clothes after they 
 have been washed. 
 
 Wrink'le (rmk/1), n. A 
 crease ; ridge ; furrow. — v. 
 To contract into furrows. 
 
 Wrist (rist), n. Joint con- 
 necting the hand and arm. 
 
 Wrist'band (rist^-), n. Part 
 of a sleeve covering the wrist. 
 
 Writ (rYt), w. A writing ; the 
 Scriptures ; a legal instru- 
 ment or process. 
 
 Write (rit), v. t. [imp. 
 
 WROTE ; p. p. WRITTEN.] 
 
 To form as letters and 
 words, with a pen ; to in- 
 scribe ; to compose. 
 
 Writ'er (rlt/er), n. One who 
 writes ; an author. 
 
 Writhe (ritii ),v.t. To twist ; 
 to distort or be distorted. 
 
 Writ'ing (ruling, 11), n. Act 
 of one who writes ; that 
 which is written ; a manu- 
 script ; a deed. 
 
 Writ'ten (rit/tn), a. Ex- 
 pressed in letters. 
 
 Wrong (rong), n. Injustice ; 
 injury. — a. Not right ; er- 
 roneous. — V. t. To injure. 
 
 WrSng'ful (rQng/-, 17), a. 
 Unjust ; injurious. 
 
 Wrong'-head'ed (rong/-), a. 
 Wrong in opinion ; perverse. 
 
 Wr6ng'ly (rong/-), adv. In- 
 juriously ; unjustly ; amiss. 
 
 Wrote (r5t), imp. of Write. 
 
 Wroth (rawth), a. Full of 
 wrath ; very angry. 
 
 Wrought (rawt), imp. & p. p. 
 Formed by labor. 
 
 Wriing (rilng), imp. &, p. p. 
 of Wring. 
 
 Wry (rl), a. Twisted ; dis- 
 torted. 
 
 Wry 'ness ( ri/- , 13 ) , n. Qual- 
 ity of being wry. 
 
 X. 
 
 vAN'THI-€ (zan/thik), a. 
 
 Yellov.ish. 
 Xe'bC€(zG/bek,5), «. A three- 
 masted vessel used in the 
 Mediterranean sea. 
 
 Xy-16g'ra-pher (zT-), n. A 
 wood-engraver. 
 
 Xy/lo-graph'i€ ) (zT-), a. 
 
 X^/lo-graph'i€-al j Belong- 
 ing to wood-engraving. 
 
 Xy-16g'ra-phy (zT-), n. The 
 act or the art of engraving 
 on wood. 
 
 X^-16ph'a-goiis(zI-),a. Feed- 
 ing on wood. 
 
 Y. 
 
 YACHT (yot), n. A sea- 
 going vessel for pleasure- 
 V" trips, racing, &c. 
 Yacht'ing (yot/ing), n. Sail- 
 
 ing on pleasure excursions 
 in a yacht, [its edible root. 
 Yam,w. A tropical plant and 
 Yan'kee (10), n. A New-Eng- 
 
 lander ; a citizen of the 
 Northern States. 
 Yard, n. A measure of three 
 feet ; an inclosure ; a long, 
 
 - a, e, I, 0, u, y.long ; !, 6, ti, short ; care, car, ask, all, wh^t ; ere, vgil, tSrm ; pique, firm f 
 
YARD-ARM 
 
 803 
 
 ZIGZAG 
 
 giender piece of timber by 
 wiiich a sail is extended. 
 
 Yard'-arm, n. Half of a 
 ship's yard. 
 
 Yard'-stick, ) n. A stick 
 
 Yard '-wand, j three feet in 
 length, used as a measure. 
 
 Yarn, n. Spun wool, flax, 
 or cotton ; a story spun out. 
 
 Yar'row, n. A plant having 
 a strong smell and taste. 
 
 Yaw, n. Temporary devia- 
 tion of a vessel from her 
 course. — v. i. To deviate. 
 
 Yawl, n. A ship's boat. 
 
 Yawn, V. i. To gape. — n. 
 Act of gaping. 
 
 Ye, pron. Plural of Tliou, 
 
 Yea (or ye), arfr. Yes; ver- 
 ily; certainly; ay. 
 
 Yean, v. To bring forth. 
 
 Yean'ling,n. A young sheep. 
 
 Year, n. Time occupied by 
 the earth in revolving 
 around the sun ; twelve cal- 
 endar months, or 365 days. 
 
 Year'ling, n. A beast a year 
 old. 
 
 Year'ly, a. Annual ; com- 
 ing every year. — adv. An- 
 nually ; once a year. 
 
 Yearn, v. i. To feel earnest 
 desire ; to long. 
 
 Yearn'ing,n. Strong desire. 
 
 Yeast, n. Froth of beer or 
 other liquor in fermenta- 
 tion. 
 
 Yeast'y , a. Foamy , like yeast. 
 Yelk, n. Yellow part of an 
 egg. 
 
 Ygll (l),v. ». To utter a sharp 
 outcry. — n. A sharp, loud 
 outcry. 
 
 Yel'low," a. Of the color of 
 gold.— n. A bright gold 
 color. 
 
 Yel'low Fe'ver. A malignant 
 fever, attended with yellow- 
 ness of the skiu. 
 
 Yel'15w-ish, a. Moderately 
 jellow. 
 
 Yel'lows, n. pi. Jaundice in 
 horses, &c. ; a disease of 
 peach-trees. [a dog. 
 
 Yelp, V. i. To bark shrilly, aa 
 
 Yeo'man (21), n. A freehold- 
 er ; a man free bom. 
 
 Ye5'man-ry, n. The collect- 
 ive body of yeomen. 
 
 Yerk, v. t. To jerk. — n. A 
 jerk. 
 
 Yes (2), adv. Yea; a word 
 
 that affirms. 
 Yest,n. See Yeast. 
 Yes'ter, a. Last ; next be- 
 fore the present. 
 Yes'ter-day, n. The day last 
 
 past. — adv. On the day 
 
 last past. 
 Yet, conj. Nevertheless. — 
 
 adv. Besides ; at least ; 
 
 even ; at all ; thus far. 
 Yew (y]j), n. An evergreen 
 
 tree allied to the pines. 
 Yield, V. t. To produce ; to 
 
 furnish; to afford. — v. i. 
 
 To surrender ; to comply ; 
 
 to give way. — n. A jerk. 
 Yield'ing, p. a. Inclined to 
 
 give way ; compliant. 
 
 Yoke, n. A frame worn on 
 the neck, used to connect 
 oxen for work ; bondage ; a 
 couple. — V. t. To connect ; 
 to unite. 
 Yoke'-fePlow, ) n. An asso- 
 Yoke'mate, ) ciate ; a 
 
 couipuniou ; a partner. 
 Yolk (yolk or y5k), n. Tho 
 
 } elk of an egg. 
 Yon, ) a. Being at a dis- 
 Yon'der, j tance, but within 
 
 view. — adv. At a distance, 
 
 within view. 
 Yore, adv. Of old time. 
 You (yoo), pron. Second 
 
 jxirson singular or plural. 
 Young, a. Not long born ; 
 
 juvenile. — n. The offspring 
 
 of animals. 
 Youn'ger (yHng/ger), a. Not 
 
 so old as another. 
 Yoiin'gest (yung/gest), a. 
 
 Having the least age. 
 Young'ish, a. Rather young. 
 Young'ling, n. A youth; 
 
 any j oung creature. 
 Young'ster, n. A young per- 
 son ; a lad. 
 Your, possessive pron. Bo- 
 longing to you. 
 Your-seW , pron. You only ; 
 
 --used emphatically. 
 Youth, n. The early part of 
 
 life ; a young person ; young 
 
 persons collectively. 
 Yoijth'ful, a. Young ; fresh ; 
 
 vigorous ; pertaining to 
 
 youth. 
 Yule, n. Christmas. 
 
 After, n. impure ox- 
 jtJ ide of cobalt. 
 Za'ny (19), n. A merry-an- 
 
 drew ; a buffoon. 
 Zeal, n. Passionate ardor; 
 
 earnestness. 
 ZeaPot (zel^ot), n. One fuU 
 
 of zeal. 
 
 Zeal'ous (zeFus), a. Filled 
 with zeal ; eager ; earnest. 
 
 Ze'bra (18), n. 
 A South Af- 
 rican animal 
 marked with 
 
 . _stripes. 
 
 Ze'nith, n. 
 
 That point in Zebra, 
 the heavens which is di- 
 rectly overhead ; greatest 
 height. 
 
 Zeph'yr, n. A gentle west 
 wind. 
 
 Ze'ro {pi. Ze'ros, 18), n. The 
 cipher, 0 ; the point from 
 which a thermometer is 
 graduated. 
 
 Zest, n. Orange peel cut thin ; 
 a relish ; taste. — v. t. ' To 
 give a flavor to. 
 
 Zig'za.g^ a. Having frequent 
 
 »oa, or, dQ, w^lf, too, tdbk ; firn, rue, pi^U ; 9, sojt ; g, hard ; ; epst 5 a as ng ; this. 
 
ZINC 
 
 804 
 
 ZYMOTIC 
 
 short, sharp turns. — n. 
 
 Something with short turns. 
 
 — v.t.{S) To form with 
 
 short turns. 
 Zin-e (5), n. A bluish-white 
 
 metal. [zinc. 
 Zmck'y (6), a. Pertaining to 
 Zo'di-a-e (5), n. ^^p^ ^ 
 
 An imaginary ^ \ 
 
 belt in the 
 
 h e a y e n s , 
 
 which is the 
 
 Bun's path, 
 
 and contains Zodiac. 
 
 twelve constellations or 
 fr signs. 
 Zo-di'a€-al,a. Pertaining to, 
 
 or within, the zodiac. 
 Zone, n. One of five great 
 
 divisions of the earth hav- 
 
 ing relation to climate ; a 
 girdle ; circumference. 
 
 Zo-6g'ra-pher, n. One who 
 describes animals, their 
 habits, &c. 
 
 Zo^o-graph'i-e-al, a. Per- 
 taining to the description of 
 animals. 
 
 Zo-6g'ra-phy, n. The de- 
 scription of animals'. 
 
 Zo/o-log'i-e-al, a. Pertaining 
 to zoology. [in zoology. 
 
 Zo-6Po-gist, n. One versed 
 
 Zo-61'o-gy, n. Science of an- 
 imals, their structure, hab- 
 its, &c. 
 
 Zo-on'o-my, n. The laws of 
 animal life. 
 
 Zo'o-phyte, n. A body par- 
 taking of the nature both 
 
 of an animal and a vegeta- 
 ble, [to zoophytes. 
 Zo'o-ph^'i«, a. Pertaining 
 Zo-6t'o-mist, n. One who 
 dissects the bodies of ani- 
 mals. 
 
 Zo-6t'o-my, n. The anatomy 
 of brute animals. 
 
 Zouave (zwav or zob-av^), n. 
 One of a body of soldiers 
 wearing an Arab dress. 
 
 Zyg^o-mat'ie, a. Pertaining 
 to the cheek bone. 
 
 Zy-m61'o-gy, n. A treatise 
 on, or the doctrine of, fer- 
 mented liquors. 
 
 Zy-m6t'i-e, a. Pertaining to, 
 or caused by, fermentation, 
 or some principle of disease 
 acting like a ferment. 
 
 a, e , 1, o, Q , y , long ; 3 , e , i , 6, U, , short ; care, car, ask, all, what ; ere, veil, term ; pique, firm ; 
 Bon, 6r, do, W9lf, too, tol)k ; dm, rj^e, pi,ill ; f, ^, soft ; €, g, hard ; } ejist } 11 as ng ; this. 
 
 Ya 
 
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS. 
 
 Ar. Arabic. 
 Dan. Danish. 
 Fr. French. 
 Ger. German. 
 Hung. Hungarian. 
 Fort. Portuguese. 
 
 pron. pronunciation. 
 Russ. Russian. 
 Sp. Spanish. 
 Sw. Swedish. 
 Syn. Synonym. 
 Turk. Turkish. 
 
 g,i, 9, marked with this sign [J under- 
 neath, have an obscure sound similar to 
 that of short w, but are usually consid- 
 erably shorter, and, indeed, sometimes 
 are almost mute: thus, Grat^'tan might 
 be pronounced grat^tUn or griiVt'n ; Hel^- 
 Igr, hSPlur or hel^rr, &c. 
 
 S, e, 5 are similar in sound to a, e, o, but are 
 not to be pronounced so long. 
 
 H is employed to denote the long sound of a. 
 
 b has a sound similar to e in her ; it may be 
 Anglicized by e. 
 
 U represents the sound of the German Yi and 
 the French which are uttered with the 
 lips in the position for oo and the tongue 
 in that for ee ; it may be Anglicized by the 
 English u. 
 
 U, small capital, is intended to represent the 
 sound of the French eu, which is pro- 
 nounced nearly like u in the English word 
 fur. 
 
 B, small capital, is used to denote the sound 
 of 6 in Spanish, often nearly approximat- 
 ing that of V. 
 
 D, small capital, is intended to represent a 
 sound similar to th in this. 
 
 a and K, small capitals, indicate a peculiar 
 guttural sound of the German cA, or one 
 similar to it. 
 20 
 
 H, small capital, has a sound somewhat similar 
 
 to the preceding, but more resembling a 
 
 strongly aspirated h. 
 I {I liquid) is to be pronounced like IH in 
 
 million ; it blends the sounds of / and y 
 
 consonant. 
 
 M and N, small capitals, are used in the re- 
 spelling of French words, to represent the 
 nasal sound of the preceding vowel, and 
 are not themselves to be pronounced. The 
 French nasal vowels are aN, 5n, on, tlN, be- 
 ing similar in sound to ang^ 6ng,6ng, ung. 
 
 S is pronounced like ni in minion ; it blends 
 the sounds of n and y consonant. 
 
 R, small capital, has nearly the sound of rr m 
 terror, but stronger. 
 
 8 is used to indicate that the sound of the s iff 
 very soft, nearly resembling our z. In 
 the middle of a word it should be pro- 
 nounced like a soft z, 
 
 w has a sound similar to our v. The " over 
 the w is intended to point out its alliance 
 to our V. 
 
 y and ey at the end of an unaccented syllable 
 sound like i in pin. 
 
 ait and aiv have the sound of a in falL 
 
 ee indicates the clear sound of short t before r, 
 as in the English words spirit, miracle, &c. 
 
 oiv is to be pronounced like ow in cow, and ou 
 like ou in house. In respelling for pronun- 
 ciation, ow has been replaced by ou wher- 
 ever the former combination would be 
 liable to be pronounced like 5, .as in grot^,, 
 tow, &c. 
 
 The other marked letters are the same 9' 
 those used in the body of the Bictionaiuent 
 (305) — 
 fais. 
 
306 
 
 MODERN GEOGEAPmCAL NAMES. 
 
 Aa (S) 
 
 Aalborg (51'boRG) 
 Abbeville (Fr.) (ab'- 
 
 AVbe-ville(S. C.) 
 Ab/er-br6th'9ck, or 
 
 Ar^broath. 
 Ab/er-deen' [ga'm) 
 Abergavenny (Sb^er- 
 Ab^er-isfwith {th as 
 
 \nthin) 
 Abomey (ab^o-ma') 
 Abookeer, or Abukir 
 
 (a-boo-keerO 
 Ab/ys-sinl-a [ko) 
 Acapulco (a-ka-pool''- 
 Ac'co-mac' 
 
 Ach-een', or Atch- 
 een' [kwee) 
 Acqui, or Aqui (a^- 
 Acquia (a-kwi''a) 
 Acre (a/kr or a-'ker) 
 Adige (a/de-je) [beRGO 
 Adlerberg (a'dler- 
 Adour (a'dooR') 
 Adrianople (ad/ri-an- 
 Ad/ri-at'ic [o'pl) 
 ^gean (Sea) (e-jee/an) 
 Afghanistan (af-gan^- 
 
 is-tan') 
 A^'in-court (or a'- 
 
 zh5N/kooR') 
 Agulhas (a-gooVyas) 
 Ah'med-nug'gur 
 Aix (aks) 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle (5ks- 
 
 la-sha/pel') 
 Ajaccio (a-yat''cho) 
 Akerman ( a'kor-manO 
 AFa-ba'ma, or AFg- 
 
 ba/ma 
 Alamo (Vlii-mo) 
 Aland (a/land) (Sw. 
 
 Aland, o^liind) 
 A-lap^a-h,y 
 Al-bii/ui-a 
 Albano (jil-ba'no) 
 Albans, St. (sgnt awF- 
 
 bunz) 
 Albany (aTvl''ba-n5^) 
 AFbe-marle' (U. S.) 
 
 Ibuquerque (al-boo- 
 
 ker./kil or al^boo- 
 crk) 
 
 la(al-ka-laO [ra) 
 >tara (al-kan^ta- 
 
 Al/d§r-ney 
 
 Alem Tejo, or Alen- 
 
 Tejo(a-leN-ta/zho) 
 Alenfon (a-len^sgn ; 
 
 Fr.j)ron.'i.'\o^'?o\x') 
 Alessandria (al-es- 
 
 sanMre-a) 
 Aleutian (a-lu'shi-an) 
 AFex-an-dret'ta 
 APe^-an'dri-a 
 Algarve (al-gaR^vS) 
 Al-§e/ri-a [ras) 
 Algeziras (al-je-zee^- 
 Al-gierg/ 
 
 Al-T-cant', or Alicante 
 
 (a-le-kan^tS,) 
 Allahabad (aFlah-ha- 
 AFle-gha/ny [bad') 
 Almaden (al-ma-neii/) 
 Almeida (al-ma''e-da) 
 Alsace (aPsass') 
 Altai (al-tiO 
 Altamaha (awl'ta-ma- 
 
 haw') 
 Al'tgn 
 
 Altona (aFtg-na) 
 Altorf (aiaoRf), or 
 
 Altdorf 
 Am''a-zQa 
 Am -boy' 
 Am-boy''na 
 A-m6r/i-ca 
 Amherst (am'grst) 
 Amiens (am^-gnz ; Fr. 
 
 pron. a-me^oN') 
 Am'mQ-noo'suck 
 Amoo, or Amou 
 
 (a-mooO 
 Amoor, or Amour 
 
 (a-moorO 
 A-moy' 
 Am^'stgr-dam' 
 An-a-deer/, or Anadir 
 Anahuac (ii-na-wakO 
 A-nam' or An^nam' 
 AndalUwSia (an^da-lu'- 
 shi-a ; Sp. pron. an- 
 da-loo-thee/ji) 
 AnMa-man'^ 
 Andes (anMez) 
 Andorra (an-doR''Ra) 
 An^do-vgr 
 An'dros-cog'gin 
 Angers (an^'jgrz) 
 Anglesey, or Anglesea 
 
 (ang'gl-se) 
 An-go'la [too'rii) 
 Angostura (an-gos- 
 
 V. Ions : 5, 5. Bcc, short : care, far, ask, 
 
 Anhalt (an-'halt) 
 Anholt (an/hol-t) 
 An'jou {Fr. pron. oN''- 
 
 zhoo') 
 Annagh (an-na') 
 An-nap/o-lis 
 Ann A-runMel 
 Annecy (an'se') 
 Annobon (an^no-bon*) 
 Anspach (ans^paK) 
 Antibes(5N/teeb') 
 An/tl-cos'ti 
 An-tie'tam 
 Antigua (an-te'ga) 
 Antilles (an-teeF or 
 
 oN^teel') 
 An/ti-ocb 
 
 Antioquia (an-te-o- 
 
 kee'a) 
 Antwerp 
 Apache (a-pa'cha) 
 Ap''en-nine§ 
 Ap'pa-lach'ee 
 Ap/pa-lach/i-€ona 
 Apurimac (a-poo-re- 
 
 makO 
 Aquila (a^kwe-la) 
 Arabia (a-ra'bi-a) 
 Arad (or'od-') 
 Ar^a-gon {Sp. pron. 
 
 a-ra-gonO 
 Ir^al 
 Ar'a-rat 
 Ar-cot' 
 
 ArMgn, or Ardennes 
 
 (aR^den') 
 Arequipa ( a-rS-kee-'pa) 
 ArgcnteuiK (aR-'zhSN^- 
 tul') 
 
 Ar/gen-tine Re-public 
 Argostoli (aR-gos'to- 
 lee) [gilO 
 Argyle, or Argyll (ar- 
 Arica (a-re^ka) 
 Ariego (a^re-azh') 
 Ar/i-zo'na 
 
 Ar-kan'sas {formerly 
 
 pron. ar^kan-saw) 
 Aries (arlz ; Fr. pron. 
 aRl) 
 
 Armagh (ar-maO 
 Armagnac (aR^man^- 
 Ar-mc^nY-a [yak') 
 A-roos^tobk 
 Arpino (aR-pee'no) 
 Ar''ra-can', or Aracan 
 Ar-rap'a-hoe. Syn. 
 Arapahoe 
 
 Ar'ras ( J^V. pron. Sr'- 
 
 ras') 
 Artois (aR^tvra') 
 Ar/uu-del (Eng.) 
 A-run'del (U. S.) 
 Ag^aph 
 
 Aschalfenburg (a- 
 
 shaffen-burg) 
 Ascoli (as/ko-lee) ^^ 
 A-shan'tee, or Ash'- 
 
 an-tee' 
 Ash/ta-bu1a [lot) 
 Ash^ue-lot " (ash^we- 
 Asia (a'shi-a, not a'- 
 
 zhi-a) 
 As-sam' 
 As-sin'ni-boin' 
 Assisi (as-see^see) 
 Asterabad (as^tgR-a- 
 
 bad') 
 Asti (as'tee) 
 Astorga (iis-toR'ga) 
 As-to'ri-a [trakhan 
 As-tra-ean', or As- 
 Asturias (as-too^re-as) 
 Atacama (ji-ta-ka/mii) 
 Atchafalaya (atch-af- 
 
 AtVa-pcs'covr, or 
 
 Ath^a-bas'cjj 
 Ath-lone' 
 Ath/Ql, or A'thQl 
 Athy (a-thiO 
 At/las 
 Aube (ob) 
 Augs^burg 
 
 Augustine, St. (sgnt 
 
 aw'gus-teenO 
 Aurungabad (o-rung^- 
 
 ga-bad') 
 Aus/tgr-litz(-lits; Ger. 
 "pron. ows'tgr-lits)^ 
 Aus^tral-a'si-a (-a^- 
 
 shi-aj 
 Aus-tra''li-a 
 Aus''tr!-a 
 Autun (6/tS_N') 
 Auvergne (o-vcrn'' or 
 
 o'vC'Rn') 
 Aux Cayes (o ka) 
 Auxerre (o-'seR') 
 Auxonne (oks^on'), or 
 
 Aussone (os/sQn') 
 Ava (a'va) 
 
 Avignon (a'ven/ySN') 
 Avon (a'VQn) 
 Ayr(ar) 
 I Ayrshire (fir'shir) 
 
 Arapanoe. i ^ji^-*""" ""i-/ 
 
 all, wh^t ; §re, veil, tSrm ; pique, fTrm ; 86n 
 
MODEKN GEOGRAPinCAL NAMES. 
 
 307 
 
 Ar/of, Azoph, or AzoT 
 Azores (rj-zorz' or a- 
 zo/rez) 
 
 Ba'bel-manMel, or, 
 more correctly, Bab'- 
 el-man'deb 
 Badajos (b:id-a-hosO 
 Baden (ba^dsn or 
 
 bad/gn) 
 Bagdad (bag-dad' or 
 bag'dad) ; written 
 also Bagdat. 
 Ba-ba'mas 
 Bahia (ba-e/ji) 
 Baikal (bi'kalO 
 Baireuth {bi/n]th 
 Ger. pron. bl'roit) 
 BaFa-ghauts' 
 BaFa-klii'va 
 Balaton, more, correct- 
 ly Bilatony (bli/- 
 law-toii) [?el. 
 Bale (bal). Syn. Ba- 
 BaFe-itr'ic (Islands) 
 Balize (ba-leezO 
 Balkan (bal-kanO 
 Balkh (balk) ; written 
 also Bulkh. [spaw) 
 BalFstgn Spa (spa or 
 Bal-m5r'al 
 BaVtic 
 
 Bal't!-more (or bawV- 
 
 'ti-mor) 
 Banff (bamf ) ; some- 
 times tvritten Bamff. 
 Bang/kok' [ggr) 
 Bangor (Eng.) (bang^- 
 Bau'gor (U. S.) 
 Ban'tam' 
 
 Bapaume (ba'pom') 
 Earataria (ba-ra-tii^- 
 re-a) 
 
 Barbados, or Barba- 
 
 does (bar-ba/dQz) 
 Bar-ce-lo^na (or baR 
 
 thtl-lo/na) 
 Barege (bii/razh') 
 Barita (ba-ree^ta) or 
 
 Barrita 
 Barnaul (baR-nowF) 
 Bar're {in two sylla- 
 bles.) 
 
 Basel (ba'zel) (Ft. 
 Bale, or Basle, bal) 
 
 Ba-ta/vT-a [roozh) ' 
 Baton Rouge (bat'un 
 Ba-va-ri-a 
 Bayeux (ba/yub') 
 Bayonne (ba^yon') 
 Bayreuth. -See Bai- 
 reuth. 
 Beaufort (British Do- 
 minions) (bo/furt) 
 Beaufort (S. C.) (bu^- 
 furt) 
 
 Behring'a (beer'ingz) 
 
 (Strait) 
 Bel'ed-el - .Ter-eed' ; 
 written also Beled- 
 el-Jerid, Biled-ul- 
 Gerid, &c. 
 Bel-fast' (Ireland) 
 Bel'fast (Maine) 
 Belgium (bel^jt-um) 
 Belgrade' [(bel-TlO 
 Belle Isle, or Bellisle 
 Belloochistan (bel- 
 
 loo/chis-tan') 
 Benares (ben-a'res) 
 Bengal (ben-gawlO 
 Bcnguela (ben-ga'la) 
 Benin (ben-een^) 
 Ben-Lo'mond 
 Ben-Ne'vis 
 BCrg'en 
 Berk'shire 
 
 Berlin " ( Ger. pron. 
 
 bgR-leen') 
 Bcr-mu/da^, or Ber- 
 
 moo'thes 
 BCrn, or Bt5me {Fr. 
 and Ger. pron. 
 beRn or bcRn) 
 Ber/wick(Eng.)(bgr'- 
 rik) 
 
 Ber'wick (U. S.) 
 Besanfon (b'zdN^soN') 
 Bexar ( ^p. pron. b5- 
 naR/ ; often pron. by 
 f/ieTrxan.s, bgh-har' 
 or bar) 
 Beyroot, Berut, or 
 Bairout (ba^root; 
 Turlc. pron. bF- 
 root) 
 
 Bilbao (bil-ba'o ; often 
 written and pro- 
 nounced in Eng., 
 Bil/bo-a) 
 Biled-ul-Gerid (biF- 
 
 cd-dbl-jer-eedO 
 Bi^ler-ic-a 
 
 (bing/' 
 
 Bing/cn 
 Biughamton 
 
 um-tun) 
 BTWma. Syn. Burma. 
 Birmingham (bir'- 
 
 ming-um) 
 Bis^cay 
 
 Blanc, Mont (mON 
 bloN), or Mount 
 Blaoc. 
 Blenheim (blen/Jm) 
 Bogota (bo-go-taO 
 Bo-he/mT-a 
 
 Bokhara (bo-Ka'ra), or 
 
 Bu-cha/ri-a 
 Bo-liv'i-a- {Sp. pron. 
 
 bo-leCve-a) 
 Bologna (bo-lon'-yi) 
 Bom-buy' 
 
 Bo'na Yis'ta, or Bo'a 
 
 Yis'>ta 
 Bootan" (boo-tan'), or 
 
 Bhootan 
 Bordeaux (boR'do') or 
 Bourdeaux (booR'- 
 do') 
 Borgne (bom) 
 Bor'ne-o 
 
 Bor-noo' ; written also 
 Bornou [no) 
 Borodino (bor-o-dee'- 
 Bos'ni-a 
 
 Bos/po-rus; less cor- 
 rectly written Bos- 
 phorus. 
 Both'ni-a 
 
 Boulogne (boo-lon' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. boo'lon') 
 Bourbon (boor^bun ; 
 
 Fr. pron. booR'box') 
 Bourbon (Ky.) (bQr' 
 bun) 
 
 Bourdcaux. See Bor- 
 1 deaux. 
 Bowdoin (bo'dcn) 
 Brabant (bra'bant or 
 
 bia-bant') 
 Bra-gan'za 
 
 Bruh'mn-poot'ra, or 
 
 Bur'ram-poo't^r 
 Bra-ziF "(Porf. pron. 
 
 bra-zeel' ) 
 Brn-zo'ri-a 
 
 Braaos (bra'zQS or 
 
 bra'soss) 
 Bread-aFbane 
 Brechin (breK'in) 
 Brec'gn 
 
 Breda (br5-da0_ 
 Brem'gn (or bra'mgn) 
 
 (Europe) 
 Bre'mcn (U. S.) 
 Breslau (bres'law or 
 
 bres'loif) 
 Breton (brit'un^ 
 
 (Cape) 
 Britain (brit'un or 
 
 brit/n) 
 Brit/ta-ny (I'r.^Bre- 
 
 tagne, brgh-tan') 
 Brobk/llne 
 
 Brook/15n [brick) 
 BrUck (brlik, almost 
 Bri)/j?es (Fr. pron. 
 
 briizh) 
 Bruun (brUn or brUn) 
 Bruns'wick 
 Brus'sjila (Fr. Brux- 
 
 ells, bru/selO 
 Bu-i:hi'rl-ri. Syn. 
 
 Bokhara. 
 Bu/chQ-rest', or Bu- 
 charest 
 Bu'da {Hung. pron. 
 
 boo'dohO 
 Buena Vista (bwa'na 
 
 vis'ta) 
 Buenos Ayres (bo'nus 
 a/riz ; Sp. pron. 
 bwa'nogs I'res) 
 Bur/gun-dy 
 Bulgaria (bobl-gaM-n) 
 Balkh. Syn. Balkh. 
 BRr/ram-poo'tfT. Syn. 
 
 Brahmapootra. 
 Bushire (boo-sheer^ 
 Byzantium (b!-zan'- 
 shi-um) 
 
 Ca-bool' {called by the 
 
 "natives Ka^blil) 
 Ca/diz ( Sp. pron. kii'- 
 
 Deth) 
 Caen (koN) 
 
 Caermarthen (kcr- 
 mar/then) [vgn) 
 Caernarvon (ker-nar^- 
 Caf-fra''ri-a 
 Ca-haw'ba 
 CaPro (Egypt) 
 Cai^ro (U. S.) 
 Ca-la/bri-a (or ka-la'- 
 , "bre-a) 
 
 ds.-?lf,t<5!>,t<rok; <lm,ri,e,pgu; ,,§,.0/,; c,g, aj ; ejistio^ng; thi, (see p. 306^ 
 
808 
 
 MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Calais (kSHss; Fr. 
 
 pron. ka^la') 
 Cal-cut''ta 
 CaFi-cut 
 Cal''i-for'm-a 
 Callao (kjti-la'o or 
 
 kal-yS/o) 
 Cam-bay/ 
 
 Cam-bo/di-a, or Gam- 
 boge/ 
 
 Cam^bray, or Cambrai 
 {Fr.pron. koM-'bra') 
 
 Cambridge (kam/brij) 
 
 Cam peachy (kam-pee^- 
 che) 
 
 Can''a-da 
 
 Canajoharie (kan'a-jo- 
 hSr're) 
 
 Canandaigua (kan^an- 
 da'gwa ) 
 
 Cjuiaries {ka-na''reez) 
 
 Ca-nav'er-al 
 
 Can-da-har', or Kan- 
 dahar 
 
 Cand'i-a, or Crete 
 
 Cannes '(kan) 
 
 Canterbury (kan-'tgr- 
 ber-e) 
 
 Can^ton (China) 
 
 Can^tQn (U. S.) 
 
 Cape Breton (kap 
 brit^fn or \>v\t'\xn) 
 
 Cap^u-a 
 
 C;i-rac'as, or Caraccas 
 
 Cardenas (kaR/da^nas) 
 
 Ciir^ib-be'an Sea 
 
 Ca-rin^'thi-a 
 
 Carlisle (kar-UlO 
 
 Carlscrona (karls- 
 kroo^na) ; or Carls- 
 croon 
 
 Carlsruhe, or Karls- 
 ruhe (karls^roo) 
 CaroUna (kar'o-ll'na) 
 Carpathian (kar-pa''- 
 
 thi-an) 
 Car'pen-tii'rT-a 
 Carrara (kaR-Ra^ra) 
 Cartagena (kar^ta-je'- 
 ng, ; Sp. pron. kaR- 
 ta-Hii^'na) 
 Cashmere, or Kash- 
 
 mire (kash-meer^) 
 Cas/pl-an 
 
 Cassiquiari (ka-se-ke- 
 
 a^ree ) 
 Castile (kas-teel^) 
 Castine (kas-teen^) 
 
 Cat-'a-lo'm-a 
 Cat^e-gat, or Kattegat 
 Caubul (kaw-booP). 
 
 Syn. Cabool. 
 Cau''c<3,-sus 
 Cayenne (ki-en'') 
 Cayuga (ka-yoo^ga) 
 Cebu (se-boo''), Sijn, 
 
 Zebu. 
 Cefalu (chef-a-looO 
 Celebes (seVe-biz) 
 Cen^is (or se^ne') 
 Ceph/a-lo'ni-a 
 Ceuta" (sQ/ta ; Sp. 
 
 pron. tha^oo-ta) 
 Cevennes (sa'^ven') 
 Ceylon (see'^lgn or si- 
 
 ionO 
 
 Chagres (cha-'gres) 
 Chaleur (sha-loor/) 
 Chalons (sha^'loN' 
 Chamouny (sha/moo^- 
 ne') 
 
 Champagne (shoN'- 
 pan') 
 
 Champaigne (sham- 
 
 panO 
 Cham -plain' 
 Chandeleur (shan-dg- 
 
 loor'' ) 
 
 Chang-hai. Syn. 
 
 Shang-hai. 
 Chantilly (shan-tiK- 
 
 lee ; Fr. pron. 
 
 sh^N/tel^ye' or 
 
 Bh6N/te''ye') 
 Chapultepec (cha- 
 
 pool-ta-pekO 
 Charente (sha^roNt') 
 Chartres (shaRt'r) 
 Chat'ta-hoo'che 
 Chat'ta-noo'ga 
 C haudiere ( shoMe-SR-' ) 
 Chautauqua (sha- 
 
 taw'kwa) 
 Chelmsford (chemz''- 
 
 furd) 
 
 Cheltenham (chelt^- 
 num) 
 
 Chemung (she-mung'') 
 Chenango (she-nang/- 
 
 go) 
 Che-raw' 
 
 Cherburg (sher'burg 
 
 or phSR'booR') 
 Cher/o-kee' 
 Chertsey (ches'se) 
 Ches'a-peake 
 
 Che-sun'cobk 
 
 Cheviot (chiv'e-ut) 
 
 Cheyenne (she-en') 
 
 Chicago (she-kaw'go) 
 
 Chick'a-hom'I-ny 
 
 Chick'a-mau'ga 
 
 Chick'a-pee' 
 
 Chick'a-sawg 
 
 Chihuahua (che-wa'- 
 ■wa) 
 
 Chih (chil'le) 
 
 Chil'll-coth'e 
 
 Chillon (she'ySN' or 
 shil'lgn) 
 
 Chiloe (che-lo-a'j al- 
 most chil-way') 
 
 Chimborazo (chim'bo- 
 ra'zo) 
 
 Chi'na 
 
 Chinchilla (chin'- 
 
 cheeKya) 
 Chin In'dt-a 
 Chippenham (chip'- 
 
 num) 
 
 Chippewa (chip'pe-wa) 
 Chip/pe-way 
 Chiswick (chiz'ik) 
 Chowan (cho-wSln') 
 Christiania (kria-te-i'- 
 ne-a) 
 
 Chudleigh (chtld'lee) 
 Chuquisaca (choo-ke- 
 
 sa'ka) 
 Cincinnati (sin'sin- 
 
 nah'tl) 
 Circassia (sQr-kash'Y-a) 
 CT'ren-ces'ter {co7n- 
 
 monly pron. sis'e- 
 
 ter or sis/is-tgr) 
 Civita Vecchia (cliee'- 
 
 vc-tii vek'ke-ii) 
 Clogher (kloh'Her) 
 Clyn-melK 
 Coango (ko-ang'go) 
 Coblcutz (kob'lcnts) 
 
 (Gcr. Coblenz, ko'- 
 
 blC'nts) 
 Cochin (ko-cheen') 
 Co'chin Chi'na 
 Cohahuila, or Coa- 
 
 huila (ko-a-wee'lii) 
 Co-im'bra (or ko-eem'- 
 
 bra) 
 
 Coleraine (kol-riin') 
 Cologne (ko-lon') 
 Colorado (kol'o ra'- 
 
 do) 
 Co-lum'bi-a 
 
 Com'o-riu 
 Com'o-ro 
 
 Compiegne (kCM'pe- 
 an') 
 
 Conemaugh (kon'e- 
 maw) 
 
 Congo (kong'go) 
 
 Connaught (kon'- 
 nawt) 
 
 Connecticut (kgn- 
 net'i-kut) 
 
 Con-stan't!-no'pk 
 
 Cooch Bahar(ba-har') 
 
 Coos (ko-os^) 
 
 Co'pcn-ha'ijen (Dan- 
 ish I^obenhavn^ 
 kyo-ben-hown') 
 
 Cor-dil'ler-as ( Sp. 
 pron. koR-del-ya'- 
 riis) 
 
 Cor'do-va, or Cordoba 
 Co-re'a 
 
 Corfu ("kor-foo' or kor'- 
 
 fu) 
 Cor'inth 
 
 Corpus Chris'ti (kor'- 
 
 pus kris'te) 
 Corrientes (koR-Re- 
 
 Cn'tes) 
 Cor'si-ca 
 
 Co-run'nn, (Sp. Co, 
 
 runa, ko-roon'ya) 
 Costa Rica (kos'ta 
 
 ree'ka) 
 Cotopaxi (ko-to- 
 
 paks'e ; Sp. pron. 
 
 k<i-to-pah''He) 
 Coventry (kuv'en-tre) 
 Cov-'ing-t^jn 
 Cowes(kowz) 
 Cracow (kra'ko) 
 Crecy (kres'se ; Fr. 
 
 pron. kra'se') 
 Cre-mo'na {It. pron. 
 
 kra-mo'na) 
 Cri-me'a (Russ. 
 
 Krim.") 
 Croatia (kro-a'shi-a) 
 Croix, St. (kroi). Syn, 
 
 Santa Cruz. 
 .Cronstadt (kron'stiit) 
 Cu'ba ( Sp. pron. koo'- 
 
 ba) 
 Cul'pep-per 
 Cumana (koo-ma-na') 
 Cura^^oa (ku'ra-so') 
 Cur'ri-tuck' 
 Cuzco (koos'ko) 
 
 a, 6, &c., Zong-; S., &c. ,5Aorf; c&re, far, ask, ^H, vfhg,t ; ^re,TciI,t5rm; pique, ftrm; B6n,6r, 
 
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 809 
 
 D. 
 
 Dahomey (dah/ho- 
 Da-ko^a [ma') 
 Dalles (dillz) 
 Dalmatia (dal-ma/- 
 
 shi-n) 
 Dalton (dawFtQn) 
 Dant/zic (dant/sik) 
 
 (Ger. Danzig, dant/- 
 
 siG) 
 Dan^ube 
 
 Dardanelles (dar^da- 
 nelz') [on) 
 
 Darien (Ga.) (da^re- 
 
 Darien, Isthmus of 
 (dii-re-enO 
 
 Darmstadt (daRm'stat ) 
 
 Dartmouth (dart^- 
 muth) 
 
 Dec/can, or Dek^'kan 
 
 DeFa-go'a 
 
 Delaware"! deVa-war ) 
 Delft (et'ery letter 
 should be pro- 
 nounced.) 
 Delhi, or Dehli (Hin- 
 
 dostau) (dePlee) 
 Demerara (dem'or-a'- 
 ra) [shir) 
 Denbighshire (den/be- 
 Deptford (det/furd) 
 DSr^by (or dar/bt) 
 Derne (dSr^nc or dCr'- 
 ngh) 
 
 Des Moines (de moin) 
 Des^sau ( Ger. pron. 
 
 des^sow) 
 De-troit/ 
 
 Dhawalaghiri (da- 
 
 -woVa-ger're) 
 Dieppe! dyep or de-epO 
 Dijon (de^zhoN') 
 Dnieper (nee/per ; 
 
 Russ. pron. dnyep'- 
 
 cr) 
 
 Dniester (nees^ter ; 
 Russ. pron. dny^s^- 
 tor) 
 
 Do/fra fi-eld'. Sy 7i. 
 
 Dovrefield. 
 Domingo (do-ming^go) 
 Dominica (dom''e-nee'- 
 
 ka) 
 
 Donegal (don-e-gawlO 
 Dongola (dong'go-ln) 
 Dor-dogne (dor/don' ; 
 Fr. pron. doR^don') 
 
 Douai, or Douay (doo'- 
 
 W) ; sometimes 
 written Do way. 
 Doubs (doobz or doo) 
 Douro (doo^ro) 
 Do/vro-t'i'-eld' (Norw. 
 Daavrefjeld, do^vrg- 
 fyeld') 
 Drin (dreen), or Drino 
 
 (dree^no) 
 Drogheda (droh^HS- 
 d^) 
 
 Droutheim (dronVim) 
 Dublin 
 
 Dubuque (du-bc7okO 
 Duero (doo-a/ro or 
 
 dwi/ro) 
 Dulwich (dul/ij) 
 Dum-blane^ [freess') 
 Dumfries (dum- 
 Dun-bar^ 
 
 Dundalk (dun-da wk') 
 Dun-dass^ 
 Dun-dee' 
 
 Dunfermline (dum- 
 
 fer^lin) 
 Duquesne (du-kan^) 
 Durham (dtir^um) 
 Dus/sel-dorf (Ger. 
 DUsseldorf, diis'sgl- 
 doRf ) 
 DwPna 
 
 E. 
 
 Ecuador (ek-wii-doRO 
 Edinburgh (ed^in-bur- 
 ruh); written also, 
 but less properly, 
 Edinboro'. 
 Ed^is-to 
 Egypt (e/jipt) 
 Elbe (elb ; Ger. pron. 
 
 ePbeh) 
 El-boorz', or El-brooz'; 
 written also Elburz 
 and Elbrouz 
 El/gin-shire 
 El Paso del Norte (el 
 
 pii'so del noR''ta) 
 El'sf-nore', or Elsi- 
 
 neur (eVse-nur') 
 England (ing^gland) 
 Entre Douro e Minho 
 (en/tra doo'ro a 
 meen/yo) 
 Erfurt (eR/fobRt) 
 Erie (e^ree) 
 
 Essequibo (5s-sa-kc/- 
 bo) 
 
 Estremadura (es-tra- 
 ma-Doo'ra) [toz) 
 Euphrates (y]j-fra'- 
 Europe (u'rup) 
 
 Faeroe ( f a'ro or f a'ro-e) 
 Falkland (fawk^land) 
 Falmouth (Ifal'muth) 
 Falster (r^FstCr or 
 
 laFstj^r) 
 Faroe ( tu'ro or fa'rb-o) 
 Fayal (fl-awF ; Port. 
 
 pron. il-'^V) 
 Foe/jee. tiyn. Fiji. 
 Ferrara (fcR-Ra'ra) 
 Fezzaa (lez^zan') 
 Fiji [pronounced, and 
 
 often written^ Fee'- 
 
 jee) 
 
 Fiuisterre, Cape (fin- 
 
 is-terO 
 Fin^land 
 Fiume (fyoo^ma) 
 Flan'der^ 
 Flor/ence 
 Flo'rgs 
 Flora-da 
 
 Fontainebleau (foN^- 
 
 tan^blij') 
 For-mo'sa 
 France (tVanss) 
 Frauk''f(^rt 
 
 Freiburg (frPburg or 
 
 frl'bd'oRG) 
 Friej/land 
 Frio (ffee^o) 
 Frob/ish-er'H Strait 
 Fulda (fobVda) 
 Funchal (foon-shaF) 
 Fii'nen 
 
 G. 
 
 Gaeta (ga-a'ta) 
 Galapagos (gaVa-pa'- 
 
 gus) 
 Galatz (ga'lats) 
 Ga-le'na 
 
 Galicia (ga-lish^-a) 
 
 Gal/li-po-l:s' (Ohio) 
 
 Gal'lo-way 
 
 GaVves-tQn 
 
 Gal way (gawFwa) 
 
 Gan'^eg 
 Garda (gaR^da) 
 Garonne (ga-ron^) 
 Gas'co-nj^ 
 Gaspe (gas/pSO 
 Gclders, or Guelders 
 
 (gePdgrz) 
 Clen/g-see' 
 Ge-ne'va 
 Gen'o-a 
 Geor/^f-a 
 (j;er''ma-n5>^ 
 Geysers (gl'serz) 
 Ghauts (gawts) 
 Ghent (gent) 
 CiT-brjil'tar 
 Gila (He'llii) 
 Gilolo (ne-lo/lo) 
 Gizeh (jee/zeh or geC- 
 Glas''gow [zeh) 
 Gloucester (glosacr) 
 Gol-con'da 
 Gon'dar 
 Gotha (go'ta) 
 Goth/land 
 
 Gcittingeu, or Goettin- 
 
 gen (get^ting-gu or 
 
 got/ting-gn) 
 Gram'pi-.;in 
 Granada (gra-na''da) 
 Gratz, or Graetz(grets) 
 Great Britain (brit/un 
 
 or brit'n) 
 Greenwich (grin/ij) 
 Grenada (gre-na^da) 
 Grenoble (gren-ob^l or 
 
 grch-no'b'l) 
 Grisons (gre/zox') 
 Gross- Wardein (gros- 
 
 waR^dm ) 
 Gro'ton (Eng.) 
 Gro'ton (U. S.) 
 Guadalajara, or Gua* 
 
 dalaxara (gwii-Dii- 
 
 la-Ha''ra) 
 Guadaloupe (gaw'da^ 
 
 loop' or ga'da-loopO 
 Guadalupe (gwa-da- 
 
 loo/pa or gaw'da- 
 
 loop') 
 Guadalquivir (gaw^- 
 
 dal-kwiv'er ; Sp. 
 
 pron. gwa-Diil-ke- 
 
 tccrO 
 Guadiana (gaw'de-a'- 
 
 na or gwa-De-a^na) 
 Guardafui (gwar^da- 
 
 fwee or gar'da-fwe') 
 
 dQ, W9lf, to-o, to-ok ; to, rye, p^U ; 9, ^, soft / c, g, hard ; ^ ; exist; o 05 ng fiiia (see p. 305). 
 
810 
 
 MODEKN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Guatemala (gaw'te- 1 
 ma'la or gwii-te- 
 mii/la) [keeP) 
 Guayaquil _ (gwi-a- 
 Guernse}^ [gern^ze) 
 Guiana (ge-a^na), or 
 
 Guyana 
 Guildford (gil^ford) 
 Guinea (t?in/e) [dotO 
 Guyandott (gi-au- 
 
 H. 
 
 Haarlem, Haerlem, or 
 
 Harlem (har/lem) 
 Had-ra-maut' 
 Hague'^(haig), The 
 Hainan (hl-uan/) [dee) 
 Hakodadi (ha-ko-da^- 
 Hal/i-fax 
 Halle (haPleh) 
 Hallo well (hoPo-wel) 
 Ham'burg ( Ger. pron. 
 
 ham''booRG) 
 Hamp^shire [no^ver) 
 Han'o-ver (Ger. han- 
 Hartz, or Harz (harts) 
 Hat^ter-as 
 
 Ha-van''ji, or Havanna 
 Haverhill (Eng. )(hav/- 
 er-il) [v^'riil) 
 Haverhill (Mass. )(ha/- 
 Havre de Grace (hav''- 
 
 cr de grass) 
 Hawaii (ha-wl/ee) 
 Hayti, or Haiti (h-a'ti) 
 Hebrides (heb^ri-dez) 
 Hecag, [beRGO 
 Heidelberg (hi'del- 
 HQ-le/n<:j(St.) 
 Hen-lo/pen 
 Hen-rl^ko 
 Herat (hor-atO 
 ller/cu-la'ne-um 
 Her/e-fQrd [furd) 
 Hertford (Eng.) (har^- 
 Hcsse Cas'sel 
 Hess^ Darmstadt (hess 
 
 daRm/stiit) 
 Himmaleh (him-ma/- 
 la), or Him-a-la/ya 
 Hin-do-stan^, or In- 
 
 do-stan' 
 His-pan-T-o-la 
 Ho-ang^ho {pro- 
 nounced almost 
 whaDg^ho) 
 
 Ho^bar-tQii or Hob''- 
 
 ar-t^n 
 Ho/bo-kcn 
 Hop land 
 
 Holstein (hol/stin) 
 Hol/y-head [ras) 
 Honduras (hon-doo^- 
 Honfleur (hoN^jilUE' 
 
 or ON^l'lUR') 
 H6n/I-t2n [loo) 
 Honolulu (ho-no-loo''- 
 Hoog/ly [ton'ik) 
 Ilousatonic (hoo^sa- 
 Hue (hoo-a^) 
 Hungary (hung^ga-rT) 
 Hu^rgn [bad') 
 Hyderabad (hFder-a- 
 Hythe (hith) • 
 
 I. 
 
 Tce-'land 
 
 I'da-ho [-noiO 
 I]linois (il-li-noiz^ or 
 Il-lj^r/i-a 
 
 In^dl-a * [na) 
 
 In^di-an'a (or in-di-a^- 
 
 In'di-an-ap'Q-lis 
 
 Indies (in^diz) 
 
 Ingolstadt (ing^ol- 
 stat or ing'gol-stiit'' ) 
 
 Innspruck (inss^- 
 prcTok), or Inns- 
 bruck (inns/briik) 
 
 In/ver-a'ry [IftK'i) 
 
 Inverlochy (iu^ver- 
 
 In-vgr-ness' 
 
 lona (e-o^ua) 
 
 Ionia (I-o^ni-a) 
 
 I''o-wa 
 
 Ir-kootsk' 
 
 Iroquois (Tr-o-kwoyO 
 Isere (e^'zeR') 
 Is/ling-ton 
 
 Ispahan (is-pa-han^ 
 
 or Isfahan 
 It/a-ly 
 
 T-u"ka [or Ibiza 
 
 Ivi(ja,"lviza (e-vee^sa), 
 
 J. 
 
 Jalapa (Ha-la''pa) 
 .lalisco (Hii-lees^ko or 
 
 uii-lis-'ko) 
 Jamaica (ja-ma^ka) 
 
 Ja-pan^ 
 
 Japura (na-poo'ra) 
 Java (ja^va or ja''va) 
 Jeddo (yed^do) [na) 
 Jen'a ( Ger. pron. y'si^- 
 Jersey (jer-'zl) 
 Je-rij^sa-lem 
 Jesso, or lesso (yes^so) 
 Jol'I-ba, or Djoiiba 
 Jorullo" (Ho-rool/yo ; 
 often pron. Ho-roo^- 
 
 yo) 
 
 Ju^an Fer-nan^dez 
 Ju^an, Saint (Sp. San 
 
 Juan, san Hoo-an' 
 
 or san Hwan) 
 Jungfrau (ydt)ng/- 
 Ju^ni-at'a [frow) 
 Jut/land" 
 
 K. 
 
 KaFa-ma-zoo' 
 Kalusz (ka^loosh) 
 Kamieniec (kiim-'yen'- 
 yetsO 
 
 Kamt-chat^ka, or 
 Kamt-schat^ka 
 
 Kanawha (ka-na'w''wa) 
 
 Kan''da-har' 
 
 Kankakee (kan-kaw^- 
 kee) 
 
 Kan'sns 
 
 Kara ("ka'ra) 
 
 Kash-gar^, or Cashgar 
 
 Ka-tah/din 
 
 Ka/ trine, or Kafrine 
 
 Keighly (keeth/le 
 
 Kelat (kel-atO, or Ke- 
 
 Ken-'ne-beck' [lath 
 
 Ken^ne-bunk' 
 
 Ken-tuck^y 
 
 Ke'o-kuk^ 
 
 Kerguelea (kerg^e- 
 Icn) Land 
 
 Kerman (ker-man^) 
 
 Khartoom or Khar- 
 toum (Kar-toomO 
 
 Khiva, or Kheeva 
 (Kee^va) 
 
 Khorassan (Ko^ras- 
 san') 
 
 Kiakhta {ke-aK^ta) 
 
 Kick/a-poo' 
 
 Kief, or Kiew (ke-ef'' 
 or Ki-evO 
 
 Kiel (keel) 
 
 Kil-ken/ny 
 Kil-lar-'ney 
 Kil-mar/nQck 
 Kincardine (king-kar^- 
 din) [ta'c) 
 Kingkitao (king-ke- 
 Kin-ross'' 
 Kin-sale' 
 
 Kircaldy (kir-kawFdy 
 
 or kir-kaw^dj^ ) 
 Kirkudbright (kir- 
 
 koo'bree) 
 Kit/ta-tin'ny 
 Kiz'if Ir'mak [fooRtO 
 Klageufurth (kla'gen- 
 Klau/gen-burg ( Ger. 
 
 pron? klow'zen- 
 
 bo'cRQ/) 
 Kbnigsberg (ko^nigz- 
 
 berg), or Koenigs- 
 
 berg (ken^igz-berg ; 
 
 Ger. pron. kb'ulGS- 
 
 bgRG' ) 
 
 Kooban, or Kuban 
 (koo-ban'') 
 
 Koordistau, or Kur- 
 distan (koor-dis- 
 tanO 
 
 L. 
 
 Laaland (law'land), or 
 
 Lol'land 
 Lab^ra-dor' 
 Lac'ca-diveg'' 
 Lack'a-wan'na 
 Lad'o-g.a 
 
 La-drone^' {Sp. pron. 
 
 laD-ro/nt's) 
 Lago Maggiofe (la'go 
 
 miid-jo/ra) 
 Laguna del Madre (la- 
 
 goo'na del miiD^ra) 
 Lahore (lii-horO 
 Laibach (lI/baK). Syn. 
 
 Lay bach. 
 La Mancha (lii man'- 
 
 chii) [shir) 
 Lancashire (layk'av 
 LanCas-tcr 
 Lan-dalT^'; more prop^ 
 
 erly LlandafF. 
 Langres (loNg'r) 
 Languedoc (loN^'geh- 
 
 dok') 
 
 La Plata (la pla'ta). 
 
 See Plata. 
 I La Puebla de los An- 
 
 a. 5, &c., Ions ! a, e, &c. , short ; care, fiir, &sk, all, whgit { Gro, veil, term ; pique, firm ; s6n, 6r, 
 
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 811 
 
 gelea (IS pw6b/la da 
 158 aag/Hel-es) 
 Laa/sa, or H'lassa 
 
 (h'fiis/sa) 
 Latakia (lii'ta-kee'si), 
 or Ladikia (la'de- 
 kee'a) 
 Lausanne (IS^zan') 
 Lay bach, or Laibach 
 
 (IFbiiK) 
 Leam'ing-tQn 
 Leg-horn' (or leg'- 
 
 horn) 
 Lehigh (lee^i) 
 Leicester (lesser) 
 Leinster (lin/stiir or 
 
 leen/stgr) 
 Leipsic (lip'sik) (Ger. 
 
 Leipzig, lip'tsiG) 
 Leith (leeth) 
 Le'na {Russ. pron. 
 
 la-na) 
 Leom/in-ster (U. S.) 
 Leominster (Eng.) 
 
 (lem'ster) 
 Le'on {Sp. pron. la- 
 
 onO 
 Le-vant' 
 Lev'en, Loch 
 Lew'ish-ani 
 Leyden, or Leiden (11'- 
 
 den or la/den) 
 Li-be^ri-a 
 
 Lichtenfels (liK'tgn- 
 felsO 
 
 Liege (leej ; Fr. pron. 
 
 le-SzhO 
 Lille, or Lisle (leel) 
 Lima (Peru) (lee^ma) 
 Lima(U. S.)(n/ma) 
 Lim/§r-ick 
 Limoges (le^mozh') 
 Lincoln (link'un) 
 Lin-lith'gow 
 Lis'bQu 
 Lisle (leel) 
 Lith'u-a'ni-^ 
 Liv'er-pool 
 Li-vo''ni-a 
 
 Llandaff (lan-daf ), or 
 Landaff [Ign) 
 Llangollen (lan-goth^- 
 Llanos (lya^nos) 
 Loango (lo-ang'go) 
 Lof-fo/den, or LQ-fo'- 
 
 den 
 Loire (IwaR) 
 Lom'bar-dy 
 
 Lomond, Loch (loK 
 
 lo'uiund) 
 London (lun'dun or 
 
 lun'd'n) 
 Londonderry (lun^- 
 
 dun-der'ri) 
 Loo Choo {ch as in 
 
 child) 
 Lorraine (lor^ran') 
 Lothian (loahl-an) 
 Lou'don (ou as In 
 
 shout) 
 Louis, St. (sent loo'is 
 or loo/e ; Fr. pron. 
 sSn loo/e') [iidO 
 Louisiade (loo-ee-ze- 
 Louisiana (loo'e-ze- 
 a'na) 
 
 Louisville (loo'is-vil ; 
 formerly pron. \oo'' 
 
 Lli/beck 
 
 Luc'ca {It. pron 
 
 look'ka) 
 Lucerne (loo-sSrn') 
 LQck'now' 
 Lu'ncn-burg 
 Lutzen (lobt'sgn) 
 Lux'em-burg (^'r- 
 Luxembourg, lliks/- 
 QN^booR') [zernO 
 Luzerne (U. S.) (lu 
 Luzon (loo-zonOi or 
 LuQon ( Sp. pron. 
 loo'thon') 
 Ly/gns (Fr. Lyon, 
 le/On') 
 
 M. 
 
 Maastricht (mSs'triKt 
 
 or mas'triat) 
 Macao (ma-ka'o or 
 
 ma-kow') 
 Ma-cas'sar 
 Machias (ma-chFas) 
 Mack'i-naw 
 Macon (France) (ma^- 
 koN') [kun) 
 I Macon (U. S.) (ma'- 
 1 Mad'a-gas'car 
 Madeira (ma-dee'r.^ ; 
 
 Port. pron. ma-da'- 
 Mad-ras/ [e-ra) 
 Mad-rid' {Sp. pron. 
 ma-DreeD', almost 
 math-reeth') 
 
 Mad'rid(U. S.) 
 Maelstrom (mal'strum 
 
 or maPstrum) 
 Maestricht, or Maas- 
 tricht (mas'triKt) 
 Mag'a-dox'o, or Maga- 
 
 doxa 
 Mag'da-le'na 
 Mag'de-burg ( Ger. 
 pron. maa'dgh- 
 booRQ') 
 Main, or Mayn (mln) 
 Maine (France) (man; 
 Fr. prun. almost 
 m&n) 
 Maine (U. S.)(man) 
 Ma-jor'ca 
 Mal'a-bar' 
 Ma-lac'ca 
 
 Mal'a-ga (or ma'la-ga) 
 
 MalMen 
 
 Maldives (mal'dlvz) 
 Malmesbury (mamz'- 
 
 bgr-i) 
 MaFmd (or maVmb) 
 Malta (mawl'ta ; It. 
 
 pron. mal'ta) 
 Malvern (maw'vern) 
 Malwah (mawl'wa) 
 Man'ches-tcr 
 Ma-uil'la (Sp. Manila, 
 
 ma-nee'la) 
 Mantchooria (man- 
 
 choo/re-a) 
 Man'tu-a (It. Manto- 
 
 va, man'to-va) 
 Maracaybo, or Mara- 
 caibo"^(ma-ra-kFbo) 
 Mar/ble-h6q,d' 
 Marlborough (mawF- 
 
 brtth) 
 Mar^mg-ra, or Mar'- 
 
 ma-ra) 
 Marquesas (mar-ka'- 
 
 Marseilles (mar-salz') 
 (Fr. Marseille, maa'- 
 sal') 
 Mar'ta-ban' 
 Martinique (mar'ti- 
 
 neek') 
 Ma'ry-land 
 Mas'sa-chu'setts 
 i Mat'a-gor'da 
 Mat/a-mo'rgs, or Mat- 
 
 amoras 
 Ma-tan'zas (or ma' 
 tan'thdis) 
 
 Mauch-Chuiik(mawlL- 
 
 chunkO 
 Mau-mee' 
 
 Maurepas (mo're-paO 
 Maiiritius (maw-rish'- 
 !-us) 
 
 Mayence. See Mentz. 
 Mayenne (ma'yeu' or 
 
 ml'en') 
 Maz'at-lan' (or ma- 
 . sat-lanO 
 1 Mechlin (mek'lin) 
 Meck/len-burg ( Ger. 
 pron. mek'lgn- 
 bobRGO 
 Medina (Arabia) (me- 
 
 dee'na ) 
 Medina "^(U. S.) (me- 
 
 ^'^^) 
 Melbourne (mela)iirn) 
 
 Mel-roje' 
 
 Mem'gl (or m^'mel) 
 Mem'phre-ma'gog 
 Menai (meu'i or menf- 
 
 a) (Strait) 
 Mendocino (men-ao- 
 
 see^no) 
 Mer^i-da (or mer'e-da) 
 Mera-on'eth 
 Mer^rT-mack 
 Mersey (mCr^zT) 
 Messina (mes-seft'na) 
 Mesurado (ma-soo-ra'- 
 do) [pron. mas) 
 Metz (mets ; Fr. 
 Meuse (muz ; Fr. 
 
 pron. muz) 
 Mex/i-co 
 Miaco (me-a^o) 
 Miami (mi-a/mi) 
 Michigan (mish'i-g'n, 
 
 or mish'i-gan) 
 Milan (mil^an or ml- 
 
 Mil-wau/kee, or Mil- 
 
 wau'kie 
 Mindanao (mln-da- 
 na'o) 
 
 Min'ne-so'ta lea) 
 Mi-nor^ca, or Men-or'- 
 Miramachi (mir'a-ma- 
 
 shee') 
 Mis-sis'que ^ 
 Mis/sis-sip'pi 
 Missolonghi (mis/so- 
 
 long'ge) 
 Missouri (mis-soo'n) 
 Mobile (mo-beelO 
 
 jjum' uEii. -vAj ' . — OAKA 
 
812 
 
 MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Mocha (mo/ka) [na) 
 Mod-'e-na {of 
 Mo/hawk 
 Moldau (moPdow) 
 Mol-da/yi-a 
 Mo-luc'cag* 
 Mon-go^H-a 
 Mo-non/ga-he'la 
 Mon-ro'vi-a 
 Mon-ta'n^'* [boN') 
 Montauban (moN^to/- 
 Mont Blanc (moN 
 bloN) or Mount 
 BlSnc. 
 Mont Cenis (mSN seh- 
 
 ne'' or seh-ness^)'^ 
 Montenegro (mon-tS- 
 
 niX^gro) 
 Monterey (mon-tS-ra') 
 Mon'te-vid'e-o ( or 
 
 mon-ta-vee''da-o) 
 Montgomery (mgnt- 
 
 gum/er-e) 
 Mont-pe'l!-er 
 Mont-pel^lT^r [Fr. 
 
 pron. moN'pel''le-a') 
 Montreal (mont^re- 
 awl') 
 
 Moorzook, Mourzouk, 
 or Murzuk (moor- 
 zook') 
 
 Mo-ra'vi-a 
 
 Moray ; "pron. , and 
 often written^ MQr/- 
 
 Mo-re^a [ray. 
 
 Morena, Sierra, (se-eR^- 
 Ra mo-ra'na) 
 
 Mo-roc/co 
 
 Mos'cow 
 
 Moselle (mo-zelO 
 
 Mo'sul, or Moo'sul 
 
 Moy^a-men'sing 
 
 Mozambique (mo-zam- 
 beekO 
 
 Munich (mu'nik)( Ger- 
 man Mdnchen, 
 mUn'Hgn) 
 
 Munster \ Ireland) 
 
 Mur, or Muhr (mooR) 
 
 Mursuk. See Moor- 
 zook. 
 
 Mus-caf [teen') 
 Muscatine (mus^ka- 
 Mus-co''gee 
 Mus^cQ-Ty 
 
 Muskingum (mus- 
 
 king/gum) 
 Mysore (ml-sor'')' 
 
 3sr. 
 
 Nacogdoches ( nak^o - 
 do'chiz) 
 
 Namur (na/mur; Fr, 
 pron, na^miiR') 
 
 Nan^cy ( Fr. pron. 
 noN-'se') 
 
 Nangasaki (nang-ga- 
 sa%e) 
 
 Nan-kin', or Nan- 
 king' 
 
 Nantes (nanta ; Fr. 
 
 pron. noNt) 
 Nan-tuck'et 
 Naples (na'plz) 
 Narbonne (naR'bon') 
 Nash'u-a 
 
 Nas'sau" ( Ger, pron. 
 nas'sou) 
 
 Natal (na-talO 
 
 Natch'i-toch'es (some- 
 times pronounced 
 nak/g-tush') 
 
 Nav'a-hoe (Indians); 
 ivritten also Nabajo. 
 
 Navarre (na-var') 
 
 Ne-bras^ka " 
 
 Neck'ar, or Neck'er 
 
 Neel'gher'ry, or Neil- 
 gherry (neel'ger'- 
 ree) [rT-po 
 
 Neg-ro-pont', or Eg'- 
 
 Ne-o'sho 
 
 Neots, St. (sent neets') 
 
 Ne-paul', or Nepal 
 
 Nor-bud'dah 
 
 Neufchatef, or Neu- 
 chatel (nush^a'tel') 
 
 Neuilly - sur - Seine 
 (nuh-'ye'suR'sS-n') 
 
 Neuse (nus) 
 
 Ne'va {Russ. pron. 
 na~va) 
 
 Nevada (na-va'Da) 
 
 Nevers (neh-veR') 
 
 Newfoundland (nu'- 
 fund-land') 
 
 New Or'le-ans ; often, 
 but less correctly, 
 called New Or- 
 leans'. 
 
 Ngami ('n-ga'mee) 
 
 Niagara (nl-ag'a-ra) 
 
 Nicarauga (nik'a-ra'- 
 gwa) 
 
 Nice (nees) 
 
 Niemen (nee'mgn) 
 
 Niger (nl'jgr), or 
 
 Quor'ra 
 Nile [(neem) 
 Nimes, or Nismes 
 Ni-phon', or Ni-pon' 
 Nip'is-sing' 
 Nizh'nee (or Nijni) 
 
 Nov'go'rod 
 Norfolk (nor'fQk) 
 Nor'man-dy 
 Nor'ridge-wock 
 Norrkbping (noR'chb- 
 
 ping) 
 
 Nor' way [rij) 
 Norwich (Eng.) (nor- 
 Norwich (U. S) (nor'- 
 
 rich or nor'wich) 
 Nova Scotia (no'va 
 
 sko'sh!-a) 
 No'va Zeni'bl^ 
 Nu'bl-a 
 
 Nueces" ( nwa'sSs ) 
 Nu 'rem -berg (Ger. 
 
 Nurnberg, njjRn'- 
 
 beRG) 
 Nyanza (ne-an'za) 
 Nykbping, or Nykjbp- 
 
 ing (nli'chb'ping, 
 
 almost nee'chtip- 
 
 mg) 
 
 O. 
 
 Oahu (wah'hoo) 
 Oaxaca, or Oajaca(wa- 
 
 Hd'kii) 
 O'bor-lin [Ob 
 Obi, or Oby (o'be), or 
 Oceana (o'she-a'na ) 
 Oceania (o'she-a'm-a) 
 Oceanica (o'she-anl- 
 
 ka) 
 
 Oc-mul'gee ; formerly 
 ivritten Oakmulgee. 
 0-co'nee 
 
 Odense (6'dcn-seh) 
 O-des'sa 
 Oeland"(o'land) 
 Ogeechee (o-gee'chee) 
 0-hI'o 
 
 Okhotsk (o-Kotsk') 
 Ol'den-burg ( Ger. 
 
 pron. ol'don-bd'oRa') 
 Olmiitz (ol'miits) 
 Omaha (5'ma-haw') 
 Oman (o-man') 
 0-ne'ga {Russ. pron. 
 
 o-na'ga) 
 
 Oneida (o-nl'da) 
 Onondaga "(on'un- 
 
 daw'ga) 
 Ontario (on-ta'ri-o) 
 Op'e-loi]'sas 
 0-por'to 
 Or'e-gQn 
 O'ri-no'ko 
 Orizaba (o-re-sa'ba) 
 Orkneys (ork'nez) 
 Or'le-an§ {Fr. pron- 
 
 OR'la'oN') 
 
 O'sage' 
 
 Os'na-briick' ; often 
 calledhy the English, 
 Og'na-burg. 
 
 Ost-end' 
 
 Os-we'go 
 
 Ot'ta-wa.( or ot'tg-wa) 
 Oude (owd) 
 Ouse (ooz) 
 0-zark' 
 
 P. 
 
 Pa-dang' 
 
 Pad'u-a (It. Padova, 
 
 pa'do-va) 
 Paisley (paz'h) 
 Pal'em-bang' 
 Palenque (pa-leok'5) 
 Pa-ler'mo 
 Pal'es-tlne 
 
 Palmas, or Las Palmas 
 
 (las pal'mas) 
 Palo Alto (pa'lo al'to) 
 Pam'li-co 
 
 Pa-mun'key, or Pa- 
 
 mu^'ky 
 Panama (pan'a-ma') 
 Papua ( pap'oo-a or 
 
 pa'poo-a) 
 Para (pa-ra') 
 Paraguay (pa-rH-gwa' 
 
 or pa-ra-gwi' ) 
 Par'a-mar'i-bo 
 Parana (pa-ra-na') 
 Paran.^-lba, or Para- 
 
 nahiba (pii-ra-na- 
 
 ee'ba) 
 Parina ( pa-re-na') 
 Paris ( pilr'is ; Fr. 
 
 pron. pa'Re') 
 Poscagoula (pas'gji- 
 
 goo'la) 
 Paso del Norte (pa'so 
 
 del noR'ta) 
 
 &c.,/ong'; &,5,&c.,sAorf; cSlre, iar, ask, {jU, wh^it ; fere, vgil, tSrm; pique, firm; s6n,6r, 
 
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES, 
 
 813 
 
 Pas-aa/ic 
 
 Pas^sa-ma-quod'dy 
 
 Pat/a-go'ui-a 
 
 Pavia ( pii-vee^a) 
 
 Paw- tuck/ et 
 
 Pays de Vaud {pa'a 
 
 deh vo) 
 Paz, La (la paz ; Sp. 
 
 pron. la path) 
 Pe-chee-lee (pS-chee- 
 
 lee') 
 PeMee' 
 
 Pe'kia', or Peeking' 
 Pe-lew/ 
 
 Pembina (pem/be-na) 
 Pembroke (pem^- 
 
 brook) 
 Penn^syi-vii'ni-a 
 Pe-nob^scQt 
 Peu^sa-co'la 
 Penzance (p6n-zans8'') 
 Pe-Q/rl-a 
 
 Pernambuco (p6R- 
 
 nam-boCko) 
 Persia (per^sht-a, not 
 
 per^zhl-a ) 
 Peru (pe-roo') 
 Peschiera ( pes-ke-a'ra) 
 Pesth (pest) 
 Pet-cho'ra, or Pet- 
 
 schora " 
 Pe/teri-burg, Saint 
 Phil/a-dePphi-j 
 Phil'i'p-pme 
 Pictou (pik-too^) 
 Piedmont (peed^mont) 
 Pilcomayo (pil-ko- 
 
 mVo) 
 Pisa (pee^sa) 
 Pis-cat'a-qua 
 Pis-cat'a-quis 
 Plaquemine (plak^- 
 
 men') 
 Plata, La (la pla'ta) 
 Plata, Rio de la (re^o 
 
 dS la pla^ta) 
 Plombieres (ploN^be- 
 
 eu') 
 
 Plymouth (plim^'uth) 
 Poitiers, or Poictiers 
 
 (poi-teerz^ ; Fr. 
 
 pron. pwa^te-a') 
 Poitou, or Poictou 
 
 (poi/too ; Fr. pron, 
 
 pwa/too') 
 Po^land [shi-a) 
 Polynesia (poVi-nee''- 
 Pom^e-ra'ni-a 
 
 Pompeii (pom-pii^yee) 
 Pondicherry (pon^de- 
 
 sher'ree) 
 Pout'char-train' 
 PopayaiT (po-pi-an' or 
 
 po-pii-yan'') 
 Po-po-cat^^-petP 
 Port-au-Prince (port- 
 
 o-prinss ; Fr. pron. 
 
 poRt-o-priiNss) 
 Por'to Prinze i-pe 
 Porto Rico (por-to 
 
 ree^ko) 
 Portsmouth (ports''- 
 
 muth) 
 Port^u-gal 
 Posen (po^zgn) 
 Po-to^mac 
 
 Potosi ("po-to-see^ or 
 
 po-to-'see) 
 Poughkeepsie (po- 
 
 kip^si) 
 Prague (prag) 
 Prairie du Chien (pra^- 
 
 ri dij sheen) 
 Pres^burg, or Press'- 
 
 burg ( Ger. pron. 
 
 press/bcToRG) 
 Presque Isle (presk 
 
 eel) 
 
 Prip/ets, (Polish Pry- 
 pec, prip'ets) 
 
 Provence (pro^vSNSS') 
 
 Prussia (prttsh'i-a or 
 proo'shi-a) 
 
 Prijth ( Ger. pron. 
 proot) 
 
 Puebla(pweb''la) 
 
 Punjab (pun-jab''), or 
 Pun-jauV 
 
 Pyrenees (pir^e-nez) 
 
 Q. 
 
 Que-bec' 
 Quito (kee^to) 
 Quor^ra. Syn. Niger. 
 
 B. 
 
 Raab (rUb) 
 Racine (ras-seen'') 
 Rah way (raw^wa) 
 Raleigh (raw/li) 
 Rangoon (rang-goon>') 
 
 Rap^d-an', or Rap'id 
 Ann 
 
 Rap^pa-han'nQck 
 Raritan, or Rariton 
 
 (rar^it-un) 
 Rat'is-bon (Ger,_ Re- 
 
 gensburg, Ra'ggns- 
 
 booRGO 
 Reading (red^'ing) 
 Re-ho'b^th 
 Rei/ki-a-vik 
 Reims,' or Rheims 
 
 (reemz; Fr. pron. 
 
 raNz) 
 Rhine (rln) 
 Rhodes (rodz) 
 Rhone (ron) 
 Rideau (rc'/do') 
 Ri/gji {or ree/ga) 
 Rio del Norte (rl^o del 
 
 nort; Sp. pron. 
 
 ree/Q del noR^ta) ; 
 
 called also the RI'o 
 
 Gnlnde ; ( Sp. pron. 
 
 ree'o gran-'da) V7id 
 
 Rio Bravo (ree^o 
 
 bra^ vo ) 
 Rio Janeiro (rVo ja- 
 
 nec'ro or ree^o ja- 
 
 na^ro) 
 Ro'a-noke' 
 
 Rochelle, or La Ro- 
 chelle (la Ro'shel') 
 
 Romania (ro-ma/ne-a 
 or ro-ma-nee'a) 
 
 Rome(rom) [lia 
 
 Roo-me'li-a, or Rume- 
 
 Roth/er-hjthe {vul- 
 garly, red''rif) 
 
 Rot'ter-dam' 
 
 Rouen (roo^en ; Fr. 
 pron. rwoN) 
 
 Riigen (rii/gen) 
 
 Russia (rttsh^i-a or 
 roo'shl-a) 
 
 S. 
 
 Saale (sa-'leh) 
 Sabine (sa-been'') 
 Saco (sa^v/ko) 
 Sag-hal^i-en, or Sak- 
 
 halien 
 Sag'i-naw 
 
 Saguenay (sag^eh-na') 
 Sahara (sa-ha^ra or 
 sah^ha-ra) 
 
 SaVgon (sT'gon') or 
 
 Saigong (sl/gong') 
 St. Bernard (sent bCr^- 
 nnrd) 
 
 Saint Germain. See 
 Germain, Saint, 
 and so for all the 
 other na7nes having 
 the prefix Saint. 
 
 Salado (sa-la'Do) 
 
 Sal-a-manc'a {or sa- 
 la-mang'kli) 
 
 Saline (sa-leen'') 
 
 Salisbury (saw]//b(T-T) 
 
 Salvador (siil-va-ddR/) 
 
 Saltz-'burg (siiwlts'- 
 burg), or Salzburg 
 ( Ger. pron. salts'- 
 b(>bRG) 
 
 Sam^ar-cand' 
 
 Samoa (sa-mo^a) 
 
 San An-to^ni-o 
 
 San Diego (siin de- 
 a/go) 
 
 Sand^wich {or sand'- 
 wy) 
 
 San Fran-cis/co (or 
 
 san fran-sees'ko) 
 San Joaquin (san ho- 
 
 a-keen^ ) 
 San Jose (san no-sa^ 
 San Ju^an {Sp. pron. 
 
 san Hoo-an/ orhwan) 
 San Salvador (san sal- 
 
 va-doR') 
 Santa Cruz (san^'ta 
 
 kroos ; Sp. pron. 
 
 san/ta-krooth), or 
 
 St. Croix (sent kroi) 
 Santa Ye de Bogota (dS 
 
 bo-go-ta/) 
 Santa Maria (san''ta 
 
 ma-ree^a) 
 San^tee' 
 
 Santiago (san-te-a^go) 
 Saone (son) 
 Siir/a-gos'sa (Sp. Zara- 
 goza, tha-ra-go/tha) 
 SgLr'a-to'ga 
 
 Sar-din/i-a [to) 
 Sarmiento (saR-me-en- 
 Sas-katch'a-wan' 
 Sault de Sainte Marie 
 (Fr. pron. so deh 
 s5n ma're'), but now 
 usually called Sault 
 (soo) St. Ma'ry. 
 Sava (sa'va) 
 
 Pom^e-ra'ni-a Rangoon (rang-goon>') sah^ha-ra) Sava (sa'va) 
 
 dQ, wglf, t<R), tdbk ; iim, rye, pyll ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; aa ; exist ; q as ng ; liiis (see p. 305). 
 
814 MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Sa-van^nah 
 Sav^oy {or sa-voiO 
 Saxe Altenburg (saks 
 
 arten-burg) 
 Saxe Co/burg 
 Saxe Weimar (saks 
 
 wFmar) 
 Sax/Q-ny _ 
 Scari'di-naM-a 
 Scarborougk (skar'- 
 
 b'rub. or skar/bur- 
 Scbeldt (skelt) [rah) 
 Schemnitz ( shem^nits ) 
 Schenectady (ske- 
 
 nek^ta-d^^) 
 Schiedam (sKee/dam') 
 Schiraz (she'raz') 
 Schleswig. See Sles- 
 
 wick. [ree) 
 Schoharie (sko-hiir/- 
 Schoodic (skoo'dik) 
 Schuyler (skiaer) 
 Schuylkill (skooFkil) 
 Schwerin (shwa-reeaO 
 Scilly (sil'H) 
 Scinde (slnd) 
 Scio (sVo or shee-'o) 
 Scioto (sl-o^to) _ 
 Scituate (sit/u-at) 
 Scla-vo'm-a 
 ScoVland 
 
 Scutari (skoo^ta-ree) 
 Secunderabad (se- 
 
 ktin/d.er-a-bad') 
 Seine (san) 
 Sen'e-ca 
 
 Senegal (sen^e-gawl') 
 Sen^e-gam'bi-a 
 Serin gapatam (ser- 
 
 ing/ga-pa-tam') 
 SCr^vI-a 
 
 Setubal (sS-too/bal), 
 or Setuval {s^-too'- 
 val), or St. Ubes 
 (ubz) 
 
 Sev'as-to'pQl (or se- 
 vas^to-pol) ; less cor- 
 rectly, Sebastopol. 
 
 Sev'Qrn 
 
 Seville (Rev^il or se-vilO 
 Sevre (sev'r or sav'r) 
 Seychelles (sS/shel') 
 Shamo (sha^mo') 
 Shang-Uai, or Chang- 
 
 Ilai (shang/hi') 
 Sheeraz, or Shiraz 
 
 (she'raz' or shee^raz) 
 Sheer-ness/ 
 
 Shen/an-do'ah 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 (shriiz/ber-i) 
 Shrewsbury (England) 
 (shruz/ber-i or 
 shroz/ber-i) 
 Shrop/shire 
 Slam (sl-am/ or se^am') 
 Sl-be^rl-a 
 819/1-15^ 
 
 Si-en^na (It. Siena, se- 
 
 a/nii) 
 
 Sl-er/ra Le-o^ne {Sp. 
 pron. se-eR-'Ra la-o^- 
 na) 
 
 Sierra Madre (se-eR^Rii 
 
 maD^ra) 
 Sierra Morena (se-eR^ 
 
 Rii mo-ra-'na) 
 Sierra Nevada (se-eR^- 
 
 Ra na-va/Dii) 
 Silesia (si-lee/shi-a) 
 Sira/plon {Fr. pron 
 
 saN'plo5f') 
 Sinde, or Scinde (sind) 
 Singapore (sing^ga^ 
 por'), or Singapoor 
 Sin-o'pe 
 
 Sioux {usually pron. 
 soo ; Fr. pron. se- 
 00') 
 Skye (ski) 
 
 Sla-vo/m-a, or Scla- 
 
 vo^ni-a 
 Sles/wick (Ger. Schles- 
 
 wig, shles'wiG) 
 Sluys (slois) 
 Smo-lensk'', or Smo- 
 
 len'sko 
 Smyrna (smTr^na) 
 So-coarii, or Soc/o tra 
 Solferino (sol-fa-ree'- 
 no) 
 
 Somauli (so-maw/lee) 
 Som/cr-set 
 So-no'rii 
 
 Soodan, Soudan, or 
 
 Sudan (soo-'diin') 
 Sorata (so-ra^ta) 
 Southampton (suth- 
 
 hamp'tun) 
 Spa (spaw; Fr. and 
 
 Flem. pron. spii) 
 Spitz-berg^en 
 Staten Island (staVtn 
 I/land) ftun) 
 Staunton (Va.) (stan^- 
 Staunton (Eng.) 
 
 ( Stan' tun or atSLn^- 
 tun) 
 
 Stettin (stet-teen') 
 Steuben (stu^ben or 
 
 stu-benO 
 Stock/holm 
 Ston'ing-ton 
 Stralsund (stral'- 
 
 soond) 
 Strasbourg (straz^- 
 
 burg) 
 Strasburg (Germany) 
 
 stras/bdbRG) 
 Stutt^gart, or Stut- 
 gard ( Ger. pron. 
 stobt^gaRt) 
 Styria (stir''i-a) 
 Suabia, or Swabia 
 
 (swa/bi-a) 
 Suez (soo'ez ; Arab, 
 pron. soo-ez^ or soo- 
 
 Suffolk (suf fQk) 
 Suir (shijr) 
 Sumatra (soo-ma^tra) 
 SunMii 
 
 Surat (soo-ratO 
 Surinam (soo-rl-namO 
 Sus^'que-han'na 
 Sutledge (sut/Rvj) 
 Swc'den 
 
 Switz/gr-land (swits^-) 
 Syr^a-cuso 
 SJ-r/f-a 
 
 Szegedin (seg^ed/en' 
 or seg^ed/in'j 
 
 Ta-co'ny 
 
 Taf T-let', or Tafl-lelt' 
 
 TiVgus 
 
 Tahiti (ta-hee^te) 
 Tah^le-quah 
 TaPla-poo'sa 
 Tampico (tam-pee/ko) 
 Tananarivoo (ta-na- 
 
 na-re-voo^) 
 Tangier (tan-jeeW) 
 Taos (ta^os, almost 
 
 towss) 
 Tas-ma/m-a 
 Taunton (Eng.) 
 
 (tawn^ton) 
 Taunton (xMass. ) (tiin^- 
 
 tQn) 
 Tchad (chad) 
 
 Tehran, or Teheran 
 
 (tgh-h'ranO 
 Tehuantepec (ta-wan 
 
 ta-pekO 
 Teignmouth_ (tin^- 
 
 muth or tan^muth) 
 Temesvir (tem-esh- 
 
 vHrO 
 
 Teneriffe (ten^er-ir) 
 (Sp. Tenerife, ta-nil- 
 ree'ia) 
 
 Ten'nes-see' 
 
 Ter'ra del Fu-e'go, or 
 TierradelFuego(te- 
 eR^Ra del fwa'go) 
 
 Terre-Bonne (teR''- 
 bon'; often jnon. 
 tar-bon) 
 
 Terre-Haute (ter^reh- 
 hot ; Fr. pron. teR^- 
 hot' or ter-reh-hot) 
 
 Teviot (tiv/e-ot) 
 
 Thames (temz) 
 
 Thebes (theebz) 
 
 Theiss (tis) 
 
 Thes^sa-ly, or Thes- 
 
 sa''li-a 
 Thibet, "or Tibet (tib'- 
 
 et or ti-beV) 
 Ti/ber 
 
 Tl-con/dcr-o'ga 
 Tiflis (tif-leesO 
 Ti/gris 
 
 Tim-buc^too [r?) 
 Tipperary (tip-per-a/- 
 Titicaca (tit-e-ka^ka) 
 Tivoli (tiv^o-le or tee'- 
 
 vo-lee) 
 Tobago (to-ba^go) 
 To-bolsk' 
 To-kfiy' 
 
 To-leMo {Sp. pron. 
 
 to-la^Do) 
 Tom-big'bee 
 Tonkin, or Tonquin 
 
 (ton-keen/) 
 Toorkistan, or Turkia- 
 
 tan (tooR^kis-tiinO 
 To-pe'ka 
 
 Tbplitz, Toeplitz(tbp/- 
 lits), or Teplit2 
 (tep/lits) 
 Tor-bay' 
 To-ron^to 
 
 Tortuga (tor-too^ga) 
 Toulon (too^oN') 
 Toulouse, or Thou- 
 louse (too/loozO 
 
 a 8, &o.. long; &, 8, &c, ^Aor/ ; ciro, Kr. bsk, ftll. wUjt ; Ore. vsU, «rm 1 pYque, fin. ; sOn, or. 
 
MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 315 
 
 Touraiue (toc/rilnO 
 Tournay (tooR'na') 
 Tours (tooR) 
 Towcester (tows^ter) 
 Trafal-gar', or Tra- 
 
 fai/gar 
 Tran^'^yl-va'm-a 
 Treb'i-zond./ 
 Trichinopoli, or Trich- 
 
 inopoly (tritch^ia- 
 
 op'o-le) 
 Triest, or Trieste (tre- 
 
 est' or tre-es/ta) 
 Trincoraalee (trink^o- 
 
 ma-lec') 
 Trin'I-dad' 
 Trip'o-l! 
 
 Trois Rivieres (trwa 
 
 re' ve-eR' ) 
 Trujillo (troo-Heel/yo) 
 Tubingen (tii/bing-gn) 
 Tur^co-ma'ni-a 
 Tu^nis 
 
 Tu'rin (or tu-rinO 
 Turnkey 
 Tus-'ca-loo'sa 
 Tus^ca-ny 
 
 Tus^ca-ro'ra [rolO 
 'l^v'o\{Ger^pron. te- 
 
 Utah (yoo/ta, less 
 
 jjToperly yoo'taw) 
 Utrecht (u'trekt) 
 Uttoxeter (uks/e-tgr 
 
 V. 
 
 Valencia (va-len/shl-a ; 
 
 Sp. pron. -vii-leu'- 
 
 the-a) 
 Val/la-do-lid' ( Sp. 
 
 pron. val-yii-DO- 
 
 leeDO [so) 
 Valparaiso (val-pa-ri^- 
 Vancouver (van-koo^- 
 
 ver) 
 
 Van Diemen's (van 
 
 dee-'mcnz) 
 Vaud (v5), or_ Pays- 
 
 de-Vaud (pa^e-doh- 
 
 Ubes, Saint. Ste Se- 
 
 tubal. 
 Ucayale (oo-kl-a/la); 
 
 or Ucayali (oo-kT-a'- 
 
 lee) 
 
 Ukraine (yoo/kran or 
 oo-krunO [oolm) 
 
 Ulm ( Ger. pron. 
 
 Ulster (Ireland) (Ql^- 
 Bter) 
 
 Um-ba/gog 
 
 Upernavik (oo-peR^- 
 
 na-vik) 
 Up^sal, or Upsala (up- 
 
 sa'la) [ralO 
 U^ral, or Oural (oo- 
 Uri" (yoo^ri) ( Ger. 
 
 pron. oo^re) 
 Uruguay (u'roo-gwa^ 
 
 or oo-roo-gwl^ ) 
 Ushant (ush/ant) 
 U'ti-ca 
 
 Vendee La (la von'- 
 dJl' 
 
 Vendome (voN^om') 
 Venezuela (ven'e- 
 
 zwee'la ) 
 Venetia ( ve-ne^shi-a) 
 Venice (ven^iss) 
 Vera Cruz (va^rii 
 
 kroos) 
 Vergennes (ver-jenz'') 
 Ver-mont^ 
 Verona (va-ro'na) 
 Versailles (vor-salz/ ; 
 Fr. pron. veR/s^F or 
 veR-siiy'O 
 Ve-Hij'vi-us 
 Vienna (ve-en^na) 
 Villa ( in Sp. veel^yii ; 
 in Fort. veel''la or 
 viiaa) 
 Villa Rica (Sp. Amer- 
 ica) (veeVya ree^kii) 
 Villa Rica (Brazil) 
 (viFla, or veeVla, 
 ree-'ka) 
 Vincennes (vin^senz' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. vaN''sen') 
 Virginia (vcr-jin/i-a) 
 Vistula (vist/yu-la) 
 Vitebsk (ve-tebskO, or 
 
 Vitepsk 
 VoVga, or Wolga 
 Vosges (v5zh) 
 
 Wabash (waw'bash) 
 Waday (wii/di) 
 Wagram (wa/gram or 
 
 wa'gram) 
 Waldoborough(wawF- 
 
 do-bur'rtih) 
 Wulei _ [a) 
 
 Vfallachia (wol-Wki 
 \Valtham(Eng.)(wGl/- 
 
 tam) 
 
 Waltham (Mass.) 
 
 (wol'thiim) 
 Warasdin (wa'ras- 
 
 deenO 
 ■VVar'saw 
 
 Warwick (Eng.) (wor^- 
 rik) 
 
 Warwick (U. S.)(wor/- 
 
 wik or wor^rik) 
 Washita (wosh'i-taW) 
 Wa^ter-ee' 
 WjVtgr-loo' 
 Weimar (\vFmar) 
 Wener (wu'nor), or 
 
 Wenner (wen'nor) 
 We/ger {Ger. pron. 
 
 \vn7zcr) 
 West Indies (in'dcz) 
 ^V'est-pha/^-a 
 Wey m o u th ( wa^muth ) 
 Wil^na, or Vilna 
 Windsor (win/zgr) 
 ^Vin/ne-b'i'go 
 Win/ui-peg 
 
 Winnipiseogee (win^- 
 
 ne/pis-sok'ki) 
 Wis-cjis^set 
 Wis-con'sin 
 Wit/ten-berg ( Ger. 
 
 pron. ^vit'ten-beRG'') 
 AV'oburn (woo'burn) 
 AVolverhampton 
 (wobl/ver-hamp'- 
 tun) 
 
 Woolwich (wooFitch 
 
 or wobFij) 
 Worcester ( wdbs^ter) 
 Worms (wflrmz ; Ger. 
 
 pron. woRms) 
 Wurtemberg (wtlr^- 
 tem-berg ; Ger. 
 pron. wuR'tem- 
 beRG') 
 
 Wy^an-dot' 
 
 Wy-o'ming 
 
 Wythe (with, th being 
 sounded as in tkin) 
 
 X. 
 
 Xenia (zee^ni-a) 
 Xenil (ua-neelO 
 Xingu, or Chingu 
 (shen-gooO 
 
 Yakootsk (ya-kootskO; 
 written also Ya- 
 koutsk. 
 Yang'tse-kiang 
 
 ( y ang/-tse-ke-ang' ) 
 Ya-zoo^ 
 
 Yeddo, or Jeddo (yed^- 
 
 do) 
 
 Yekatarinoslav (ya- 
 
 ka-ta-ree-no-slavO 
 Yem^en 
 
 Yenisei (yen^e-sa'c or 
 
 yen-e-sa^ ) 
 Yesso, or Jesso (yes^- 
 
 RO) 
 
 Yo-sem/i-te. 
 Ypres (eep'r) 
 Yij/ca-tan' (or yoo'- 
 
 ka-'tan') 
 Yvetot (Gv^to') 
 
 z. 
 
 Zacatecas (zak-a-ta>'- 
 kas or sii-ka-ta'kas) 
 
 ZaVfe, or Zahir (za- 
 eerO [ze) 
 
 Zam-beze' (or zam-ba^- 
 
 Zanguebar (zang^gu' 
 bar') 
 
 Zan^'te 
 
 Zan^zi-bar' 
 
 Zollverein( tsol'for-In/ ) 
 Zirich (zu'rik : Ger. 
 
 pro7i. tsU/riK) 
 Zuyder, or Zuider, Zee 
 
 I (zFder zee or zoo' 
 
 I der-zee) 
 
 \J - Ul-vx* — 
 
MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 A. 
 
 Abd-el-Kader (abd- 
 ^ el-kaMer) 
 ^b''g-lard 
 
 Abercromby (Sb'er- 
 
 krum/bi) [th! 
 Abernethy (iWer-ne- 
 Abinger (jib/in-jer) 
 Abu-Bekr, or Abou- 
 
 Bekr (a'boo-bekrO 
 Adair (a-dar') 
 Adanson (a''dQN''soN') 
 Adelung (a^doh-lobng) 
 Agassiz (ag/a-see or 
 
 a-gas^siz ; Fr. pron. 
 
 a/gas''se') 
 Abmed (aH-'mgd), or 
 
 Acbmet (iiK/mct) 
 Ainsworth( anz' wgrtb ) 
 Akenside (a^ken-sid) 
 Aladdin (a-lad''din) 
 Alaric (aPa-rik) (Lat. 
 
 A-lar^i-cus) 
 Alboni (al-bo'iiee) 
 Albuquerque (SFbu- 
 
 kerk ; Port. pron. 
 
 jif-boo-keRk' or al- 
 
 boo-keR'ka) 
 Alcuin (ttl^'kwin) 
 Aldrich (awl/dritch or 
 
 awl-drlj) 
 Alembert (a^loN/beR'), 
 
 or d'Alembert (da^- 
 
 loN^beR') 
 Alfieri (al-fe-a^ree) 
 Alford (awl/ford) 
 Ali (ii-'lee) 
 
 Alighieri (a-le-ge-a/- 
 roc) 
 
 Alison (^ll^i-son) 
 Allston (awPstQn) 
 •Almack (iil/mak) 
 Almeida (al-ma^c-da 
 
 or al-mn^dn ) 
 Alsop (awPsop) 
 Alston (awl^stgn) 
 Alton (Eng.) (awPton) 
 Alvarez (Sp.) ( aPv li- 
 re th) 
 
 Am/a-de'us. Sijn. 
 Amadeo. 
 
 Amerigo (a-ma-ree^go 
 or a-mer^e-go). /See 
 Yespucci. 
 
 Amiot, or Amyot (a'^- 
 me-o') 
 
 Ampere (oN^peR') 
 
 Am/u-rath 
 
 Andre (Eng.) (5n/dra 
 
 or an^drl) 
 Angelo (an/ja-lo) 
 Angouleme (oN^'goo^- 
 
 lem' or6N''goo''lam') 
 An'strij-ther {popular- 
 ly an^ster) 
 Xr^a-go iFr. pron. 
 
 a^ra^go') 
 Aram (a^ram) 
 Ar^buth-not 
 Ariosto (itr/i-os'to or 
 
 a-re-os'to) 
 Armini u s (ar-min-l-us ) 
 Arnaud {iXR'nd') 
 Arnauld (aR^no') 
 Arteveld (aR-ta-velt-'), 
 
 or Artevelde"{aR-ta- 
 
 veVdeh) 
 Xr^un-del 
 Ascham (as^am) 
 Asbburnham (Ssh/- 
 
 b urn -am) 
 Xsli^bur-ton, or Ash'- 
 
 bur^tQn 
 Atahualpa (a-ta- 
 
 hwaPpa) 
 Xth/cl-stan 
 Aubigne (o^ben^ya') 
 Aubrey (Eng.) (aw^- 
 
 bri) 
 
 Au^du-bon {Fr. pron. 
 
 Augustine (Saint) 
 (sent aw^gus-tln) 
 
 Aurungzebe (o'rQng- 
 zab^ or aw'rung- 
 zeeb^ 
 
 Averroes (a-ver^ro-Cs 
 
 or av-er-ro'cs) 
 Avicenna ( iiv'c-sen'- 
 
 na) 
 
 Aycshab (a^o-sba) 
 Ay ton, Aytoun" (a^- 
 tun) 
 
 B. 
 
 Baba, Ali (a^lee ba^ba) 
 Bach (biiK) 
 Bacbe (batch) 
 Baillic (bailee) 
 Bailly (Fr.) (ba^lo or 
 
 ba/ye') 
 Bajazet (bJlj/a-zet) 
 Balboa (bai-bo-'a) 
 Balfour (baPfur; in 
 
 Scot. bal-foorO 
 Ballou (bal-looO 
 Balzac (baPziik') 
 Barbarossa (bar^ba- 
 
 ros'sa) 
 Barbauld (Eng.) (bar^- 
 
 bav.id or bar-bo^) 
 Barbour (bar^bur) 
 Barere (ba'reR') 
 Barctti (ba-ret/tee) 
 Barham (bjlr^am) 
 Baring (Eng.) (barr- 
 ing) 
 Barras (ba'ra') 
 Barrere (barren'). 
 
 See Barere. 
 Barth (baRt) 
 Barthelemy (baR/tal'- 
 
 me' or baR/ta^leh- 
 
 me') 
 Bilth/first 
 Bauer (bow-'er) 
 Baumgarten (bowm''- 
 
 giiR-ton) 
 Bayard (bayard or hV- 
 
 ard ; Fr. pron. hd^- 
 
 yaR') 
 
 Beatrice (bO^a-treess ; 
 It. pron. ba-ii-tree^- 
 cba) 
 
 Beattie (bee-'ti ; Scotch 
 
 pron. ba^tt) 
 Beauchamp (Eng. ) 
 
 (bee/cham) 
 Beauchamp (Fr.)(bo'- 
 
 shoN') 
 Beauclerc (bo^klerk) 
 Beaufort (Eng.) (bo''- 
 
 fort) 
 
 Beaufort (Fr.) • (bo^- 
 
 foR') 
 
 Beauhamais (bo^aR' 
 na') 
 
 Beaumarchais (bo''- 
 
 miiR^shu') 
 Beaumont (Eng. ) (bo''- 
 
 mont) 
 Beauregard (Am.) 
 
 (bo'reh-gard/) 
 BedMoeg 
 Bede (beed) 
 Bedell (Amer.) (be- 
 
 dglO 
 
 Bedell (Eng.) (bee^'del 
 
 or be-del^) 
 Beethoven (ba'to-ven) 
 Behn (ben) 
 Behring (beeWing ; 
 
 Danish pron. ba-'- 
 
 ring) 
 Belknap (bel^nSp) 
 Bellamy (Eng.) (beF- 
 
 la-mi ) 
 BePlen-den 
 Bellini (bel-lee-'nee) 
 Bel^sham 
 
 Belzoni (bel-zo/nee) 
 Ben^'bow 
 
 Bentham (ben/t<;jm or 
 
 ben^thjtm) 
 Bentivoglio (ben-te- 
 
 \oVyo) 
 Benvenuti (ben-va- 
 
 noc'tee) 
 Beranger (ba''roN''2ha') 
 Berke'ley {formerly 
 
 bark/1 J) 
 Bernadotte (ber-na- 
 
 dot/ or beR^nii^'dot'^) 
 Btr^Nard {Fr. pron. 
 
 beR^naR') 
 Berzelius (ber-zec'li- 
 
 us : Sic. pron. beR- 
 
 zTT/le-us) 
 Beth/am 
 
 Bethune (boh-thoon' 
 Bewick (bu-'ik) 
 Bo/za 
 
 Billaud-Varennes (be' 
 
 yo'-vii^renn') 
 Biot (be/o' or be'ot') 
 Bligh (bll) 
 
 Blomfield (bltim/feeld) 
 
 fi,S, feCjiong-/ a,e, &c.,.?//.ori/ care, far, ask, fjH, whijt ; Sre, vsil,tCrm; pique, firm; S(jn,or, 
 
MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 317 
 
 Blount (bltlnt) 
 BlUcher (bloo^kgr ; 
 
 Ger. pron. blU^Kgr) 
 Bluinenbach (bloo'- 
 
 meii-baK) [ya) 
 Bobadilki (bo-Ba-DeeK- 
 Boccaccio (bok-kat/- 
 
 cho) (in French and 
 
 old English Boccace, 
 
 bok^kass') 
 Bockh (bok) 
 Bode (bo'd(^h) 
 Boerhaave (bor^hav *, 
 
 Dutch pron. booR'- 
 
 ha^vgh) 
 Bbhme (bb/meh), or 
 
 Bdhm (bom) 
 Boileau (boi'lo ; Fr. 
 
 pron. bwii'lo') 
 Bojardo, or Boiardo 
 
 (bo-yaR''do) 
 Boleyn (baol'in) 
 Bolingbroke (bol'mg- 
 
 brobk, formerly 
 
 bobl'ing-brook). 
 Bolivar (bo-lee'vaR; 
 
 erroneously pron. 
 
 bol'i-var') 
 Bonaparte (bo''na- 
 
 part ; It. pron. bo- 
 
 na-paR'ta) 
 Bonheur (bo^nuR') 
 Borghese (boR-gii/za) 
 Borgia (bor'ja or boR^- 
 
 Ja) 
 
 Bos-caw'gn, or Bos'- 
 ca-wgn 
 
 Bossuet (bos^aii-a', al- 
 most bos'swa') 
 
 Bossu (bo'su') 
 
 Bossut (bo^sd') 
 
 Bo>/well 
 
 Both^well [ris. 
 Botzaris. See Bozza- 
 Boacher (Eag.) (^ow^- 
 chgr) 
 
 Boucher (Fr.) (boo'- 
 sha') 
 
 Boudiaot (boo''de-not) 
 Bougainville (boo^- 
 
 g^N^vel') 
 Bourbou (boor^bQu) ; 
 
 Fr. pron. booR'boN') 
 Bourdaloue (booR'da'- 
 
 loo') 
 
 Bourdon (booR'doN') 
 Bourne (b5rn) [§n') 
 Bourrienne (boo^re- 
 
 Bouterwek (boo-'tgr- 
 wek) 
 
 Bouvier (Am.) (boo- 
 veer') 
 
 Bowditch (bou^ditch) 
 
 Bowdoin (bo'dn) 
 
 Bowles (bolz) 
 
 Bovvring (bour^ing) 
 
 BoyMell 
 
 Boyer (bwa^ya') 
 
 Bozzaris, or Botzaris 
 ( bot''sa-ri8 ; popular- 
 ly called bQz-zar^is) 
 
 Brahe (bra or bra; 
 Danish pron. bra/- 
 eh) 
 
 Bra/ m ah 
 
 Bramante d'Urbino 
 
 (bra-man^tu dooR- 
 
 bee'no) 
 Brandt (brant) 
 Bremer (bree-'mgr ; 
 
 Sw. pron. bra^mgr) 
 Brissot (bre-'soO 
 Brockhaus (brok^- 
 
 howss) 
 Broderip (brod^rip) 
 Brodie (bro''di) 
 Broeck (brcrok) 
 Brome (brTom) 
 Brom^ley (brttm'li) 
 Bronte (bron-'te) 
 Brough (bruf) 
 Brougham (broo^am 
 
 or broo'm ) 
 Brough ton (brow^tQu) 
 Bru-n61/ 
 
 Brunelleschi (broo- 
 
 nel-lgs^ee) 
 Brunet (brd/na') 
 Buchanan (buk-an'- 
 an ; often mispro- 
 nounced bu-kan^an) 
 Buffon (buffgu "or 
 
 bUf/foN') 
 Bulwer (bcfol^'wer) 
 Bunsen (bdbn/sgn) 
 Buonarotti (boo-o^na- 
 
 rot'tee) 
 Burckhardt (b(5rk/- 
 hart ; Ger. pron. 
 bcJoRk^hart) 
 Bur-dett/ 
 Burger (buR-'ger) 
 Burgoyne (bur-goin'') 
 Burleigh (bur/lT). 
 Bussy d'Amboise 
 (bii-'se'doN/bwaz') 
 
 O. 
 
 Cab^ot 
 Ca-do/gan 
 cRd-waPla-der 
 Cagliari (kal'ya-ree) 
 Cagliostro (kal-yos^- 
 Cairns (karnz) [tro) 
 Caius (keez) 
 CaPa-my 
 
 Calderou ( kal-dS-ronO 
 Calhoun (kal-hoon'') 
 CjiU'cytt 
 
 Ciil-'met ( Fr. pron. 
 
 kal^ma') 
 Calvert (Eng.) (kSF- 
 vgrt) [vert) 
 Calvert (Amer.) (kol^- 
 Cambaceres (koN^ba^- 
 
 sa^res') 
 Cam^gr-on [o-ens) 
 Ca-mo'en3 (or kitm^- 
 Campbell (kitm^gl) 
 
 Some fami- 
 lies of this name call 
 themselves kam'bgl. 
 Canova (ka-uo'va) 
 Canrobert (koN^ro'- 
 beR/) 
 
 Cantemir, or Kantemir 
 (kSn^tQh-meer or 
 kiin'te-meer/) 
 
 Canute (k?i-nut/) 
 
 Carpet {Fr. pron. ka'- 
 pa') roo') 
 
 Carew {generally ka- 
 
 (3arlisle (kar-lTl-') 
 
 Carlyle (kar^lll or kar- 
 
 mn 
 
 Carraichael (kar-ml''- 
 
 kel or kar''mT-kel) 
 Carteret (kar^ter-et) 
 Casimir (kSs^e-meer) 
 Castlereagh (kSs/sl- 
 C;"iv/en-dish [ra^ 
 Cecif(ses/il or sis/il) 
 Cellini (chel-lee^nee) 
 Cenci (chen^'chee) 
 Cervantes Sa^vedra 
 (ser-van^tgz sa-ved^- 
 ra) 
 
 Chalmers (chSFmerz; 
 Scot. pron. chaw''- 
 merz) 
 Chamisso (sha''me''so') 
 ChampoUion (sham- 
 poPle-Qn, or shoN''- 
 poFle-5N') 
 
 Charlemagne (sharpie- 
 man/ ; Fr. pron. 
 shaRl'man') 
 
 Chateaubriand (sha'- 
 to^'bre'^oN') 
 
 Chatham (chSt'am) 
 
 Chauncey (chan/sl 
 or chawn/gi) 
 
 Cherubini (ka-roo- 
 bec^nee) 
 
 Ches^t'l-dgn 
 
 Cheyne (chan or chTn) 
 
 Childebert (chil^de- 
 
 Chil'dyr-ic [bgrt 
 
 ChiFpgr-ic 
 
 Chisholm (chiz''Qm) 
 
 Cinq Mars (saNk' 
 maRs') 
 
 Claverhouse (klav^gr- 
 tls or klav^CTs) 
 
 Clotairc (klo'teR') 
 
 Clough (klQf) 
 
 Clo-'vis 
 
 Cochrane (kok^ran) 
 Cockburn (ko'burn) 
 Coeur de Lion (kur de 
 
 IVqu) 
 Coke(kcrok or kok) 
 Colbert (koPbeR') 
 CoKby 
 Co-len^'so 
 
 Coleridge (koPrlj) 
 
 Col'man 
 
 CoPton 
 
 Combe (koom) 
 
 Comstock (kOm^stok) 
 
 Conde (kon^da ; Fr. 
 
 pron. kSNMa') 
 Confucius (kon-fQ/shi- 
 
 us) 
 
 Congreve (kong-'grev) 
 Copernicus (ko-per''- 
 
 ni-kus) 
 Corday (kor^daO 
 Corneille(kor/nal'; Fr. 
 pron. koR^nill' or 
 koR^nSy") [lis) 
 Corn wallis ( kom-woK- 
 Correggio (kor-red^jo) 
 Cor^tez (Sp. Cortes, 
 
 koR-tesO 
 Cousin (koo^z^N') 
 Cowper (kow'pgr or 
 CrSd/Qck [koo/per) 
 CrSsh^aw 
 Crichton (kri^tQu) 
 ' Cromwell (krum^wel 
 I or krom^'wel) 
 
 t, W9lf, too, tdbk ; to, rjje, p\ill ; p, soji ; g, hard; ; ejist; o <w ng ; this (see p. 305). 
 
318 
 
 Cunard (ku-nardO 
 Cuvier (kli/ye-a' 
 ku^'ve-gr) 
 
 MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Durer (du'rer or da^- 
 rer) 
 
 Duyckinck (dFkink) 
 Dyche (dich or ditch) 
 
 Dagobert (dlig^o-bCrt 
 
 or da^go/beR/) 
 Baguerre (da^geR') 
 Dalhousie (dtll-hoo/zi) 
 Daltou (dawFtQii) 
 Dalzell (da-elO 
 Damiens (da^me-SN') ; 
 
 Anglicized Da/mi- 
 
 eng. 
 
 Dampier (dam^peer) 
 Dante (dan^te ; It. 
 
 pron. dan^ta) 
 Daiiton (dan/tQii or 
 
 dON'tON') 
 
 D'Arblay (dar^bla) 
 Daubigne (do/ben/ya') 
 DiVen-ant 
 Di1v/gn-port [dol') 
 De Candolle (dgh koN^- 
 De-ca/tur [bi) 
 Derby (dSr^bi or dar^- 
 Derzhavin (deR-zha^- 
 vin) 
 
 Descartes (d^'kaRt') 
 Devereux (dev/gr-oo) 
 Dewees (dg-weezO 
 D'Ewes (duz) 
 Diderot (ded'ro' or 
 
 de^dgh-roO 
 Didot (de/doO 
 Disraeli (diz-ra/gl-ee) 
 Domenichino (do-mS- 
 
 ne-kee'no) 
 Donizetti (don/e-zef- 
 
 tee or do-nid-zet^tee) 
 Don^o-van 
 
 Ducange (du-kiinj/ ; 
 
 French pron. dii^- 
 
 koNzh') 
 Duchesne (du/shan') 
 Duclos (dii^klo') 
 Dudevant (dilMgh- 
 
 von' or dUd''voN') 
 Dumas (du/mii') 
 Dumont (dii/moN') 
 Dun-bar' 
 
 Duncan (duQk/an) 
 Dundas (dun-diissO 
 Dupont (Am.) (du- 
 pontO [rSindO 
 Durand (Am.) (du 
 
 E. 
 
 Echard (Eng.) (Stch^- 
 ard) 
 
 Bgerton (ej'gr-tQn) 
 Elgin (eFgin) 
 Ellesmere (elz^'meer) 
 Elmes (elmz) 
 Elphinstone (eVfin- 
 
 stgn) 
 Elzevir (eVzgh-vir) 
 Encke (eQk/gh) 
 Enghien (oN^ge-iiN') 
 Epes (eps) 
 
 Erasmus (e-rSiz/mus) 
 Eric (er''ik) 
 Ericsson (er''ik-sQn) 
 Erskine (ers'kin) 
 Este (es/te or es'ta) 
 Esterhazy, or Eszter- 
 , hdzy (es'tgr-ha'ze) 
 Etienne(a/te-ennO 
 Ewart (yoo'art) 
 Ewing (yoo'ing) 
 Eyre (ar) 
 
 Fontaine (fon-tan' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. foN'ten') 
 Fontenelle (fon-tgh- 
 neF ; Fr, pron. 
 foNt/neF) 
 Forbes (Eng.) (forbz) 
 Forbes (Scot. )(ior/bsz) 
 Fordyce (for-disO 
 Forsyth (fgr-sith/) 
 Fortescue (Jor'tgs-ku) 
 Fosbroke (fos^brdbk) 
 Fothergill (foth/er-gil) 
 Fouche (foo'sha') 
 Foulis (fow^lis; Scot. 
 
 pron. fowlz) 
 Foulques (fook) 
 Fouque (foo/ka'). 
 
 La Motte-Fouque. 
 Fourcroy (fooR/krwa') 
 Fourier (foo're-gr ; Fr. 
 
 pron. foo're-S,') 
 Francia (South Am.) 
 
 (fran'se-a) 
 Frelinghuysen (free'- 
 
 ling-hi''zen) 
 Fremont, or Fremont 
 
 (Am.) (fre-m5nt0 
 Frob^ish-er 
 Froissart (frois'sart' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. frwa'saR') 
 Froude (frood) 
 Fulton (fool/ton) 
 FuseU (fu/sg-ll) 
 
 Fabyan, or Fabian 
 
 (f;Vbi-an) [hit) 
 Fahrenheit (fiir/gn- 
 Falconer (fawk'ngr or 
 
 faWken-gr) 
 Falkland (fawk/land) 
 Faneuil (fan/il) 
 Faraday (ttir/a-da) 
 Famese (far-neez-' ; It. 
 
 pron. far-na'sa) 
 Farquhar (far'kwar or 
 
 far^kar) 
 Fatima (fa'te-ma or 
 
 m/e-ma) 
 Faust (fowst or fawst) 
 Fenelon (fen/gh-lQn ; 
 Fr. pron. fan^loN' or 
 
 ta^neh-loNO 
 Fichte''(fiK/tgh) 
 Fingal (fing'gal or 
 
 fing-gawlO 
 Firdousi, or Firdausi 
 ( fir-do w'see) 
 
 G. 
 
 Gainsborough (gang' 
 b'rQ) [nee) 
 
 Galignani (ga-len-ya 
 
 Galileo (gaH-lee'o ; It. 
 pron. ga-le-la-'o) 
 
 Giliaa-tin 
 
 GitKlau-det" 
 
 Gait (gawlt) 
 
 Galvani (gal-va'nee) ^ 
 
 Garcilasso {or Garci 
 laso) de la Yega 
 (gaR-the-las/so, or 
 gar-se-lSs/so, da la 
 va^gii) 
 
 Gardiner (gard'ngr) 
 
 Garibaldi (gar-l-bSl' 
 di or ga-re-bal'dee) 
 
 Gascoygne, or Gas- 
 coigne (gSLs-koinO 
 
 Gay-Lussac (g^'lUs^ 
 Goll (jel) [sak') 
 
 Genet (jgh-net' or 
 
 zh'na) 
 Gengis Khan, or Jen- 
 
 gis Khan (jSng'gis 
 
 kan or kan) 
 Genlis (zhoN^leO 
 Genseric (jen'sgr-ik) 
 Geoffroy (Eng.) U^f''- 
 
 fri) 
 
 Gerard (Eng. )(j6r/ard) 
 
 Gerry (ger^'ri) 
 
 Gessler (gSss'lgr) 
 
 Gib''bQn 
 
 Gibbg 
 
 Gib'SQn 
 
 Gifford (giffgrd and 
 jif/fQrd) [bgrt) 
 Gilbert (Eng.) (giF- 
 Gilchrist (gil/krist) 
 Gil-fn/lan_ 
 Gillespie" (gil-15s/pi) 
 GiFman 
 Gil'niQre 
 Gilpin 
 
 Giotto (ji5t/to) 
 Girard ( Am.) (je-rardO 
 Gi^'bgrne 
 
 Glauber (glaw'bgr or 
 
 glou'bgr) 
 Gleig (gleg) 
 Glendower (glen'dou- 
 Glover (glQv/gr) [cr) 
 Go-doFphin 
 Goethe. See Gothe. 
 Goldoni (gol-do/nee) 
 Gonzalo (gon-tha'lo). 
 Gortchakov, or Gorts- 
 chakow (gor^cha- 
 kof) [tgh) 
 Gbthe, or Goethe (go'- 
 Gough (gof) 
 Gould (goold) [gor) 
 Gower (gow^er and 
 Graeme (gram) 
 Granger ( Eng. )(gran'- 
 Greaves (greevz) [jgr) 
 Greenough (grcen/o) 
 Gresh^am 
 
 Grisi (gree'see) [Qr) 
 GrosTenor (gro'vgn- 
 Grotius (gro'shi-tis) 
 Grouchy (groo^sheO 
 Guelph (gwelf) [no) 
 Guercino (gweR-chee'- 
 Guicciardini (gwet- 
 
 chaR-dee'nee) 
 Guido Reni (gwee'do 
 ra^nee) 
 
 i,6,&c.,Zon,^; ^, §, &c.,5Aar^- c^re, far, ask, ftH, ^hat ; ^re,-eil,term; pique, firm ; 86n, or, 
 
MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 310 
 
 Oulse (gwez) 
 
 Guizot (gwe'zo' or 
 
 ge^zo') 
 Gunther (gun'tor) 
 Gutenberg (goo'tgn- 
 
 bgRO/ or goo/tgn- 
 
 b6RG) 
 Guthrie (guth/ri) [ON') 
 Guy on (gl'S^ 
 Guyot (ge/Q') 
 
 Ilovey (huv^) 
 Huger(Am.) (u-jeeO 
 Hughes (huz) 
 Humboldt (hQm/bolt ; 
 
 Ger. pron. h(5bm^- 
 Hus/kTs-sgn [bolt) 
 Huss, or Hub (huss ; 
 
 Ger. pron. h^ss) 
 Huyghens (hi/genz or 
 
 hoi/gen z) 
 Hyder Ali (hinder a^- 
 
 lee) 
 
 Hafiz (hii/fiz) 
 Hahnemann (ha/ngh- 
 man) 
 
 Hak/lijyt ; xoritten 
 
 also Hackluyt. 
 Ha-lo^ran 
 
 H5n/dgl(Ger. Handel 
 hen/dgl)' [kurt) 
 Harcourt ( Eng. ) ( har^- 
 Hardicanute (har^de- 
 
 k^-nut') 
 Hardinge (har^ding) 
 Haroun - al - Raschid 
 (ha-roon/al-rilsh'id) 
 Hauy (ha/ we') 
 Havelock (hay/eh-lok) 
 Haydn (ha'dn ; Ger. 
 
 pron. hiMn) 
 Haynau (hl^now) 
 Hearne (hern) 
 Hegel (ha/ggl) 
 Heine (hl/ngh) [man) 
 Heintzelman (hint'sgl- 
 Helvetius (hgl-vee^shi- 
 Hgm/ang [us) 
 Hengist (hgng'gist) 
 Herder (her^dgr or 
 
 heR/der) 
 Herrera(eR-Ra/ra) 
 Herschel (her/shgl) 
 Hewes (huz) 
 Heylin (ha/lin) 
 Heyne (hi/neh) 
 Heyse (hl/zeh) 
 Hey wood (hu^'wd'od) 
 Hogarth (ho^garth) 
 Holbein (hoVbln) 
 Holinshed, or Hollyn- 
 
 shed (hol/inz-hed) 
 Holmes (homz) 
 Houdon (oo^doN') 
 Houghton (ho/ ton) 
 Houston {popularly 
 pronounced hu^stQu) 
 
 Knowles (nolz) I Liebig (lee^big) 
 
 Kbrner, or Koerner ' Lingard (ling'gard) 
 
 (koR/nor) [ko) Linnaeus (lin-nee'Cls) 
 
 Kosciusko (kos-si-us/- 
 Kossuth (kosh/shoof) 
 Kotzebue (kot'sgh- 
 
 bu ; Ger. pron. ')^ot'- 
 
 sgh-boo) ^ 
 Krummacher(kraom/- 
 
 maK-gr) 
 
 Inchbald (Inch/bald) 
 Inez (ee'nGz) 
 In/ge-low 
 I re ton (ir^tgn) 
 Iriarte (e-re-aR^tJl.) 
 
 Syn. Yriarte. [da) 
 Iturbido (e-tooR^be- 
 Ivan (Russ.) (e-vanO 
 
 Jacobi (ya-ko^bee) 
 Jamieson (jam'e-SQn 
 
 or jfi/mt-sQu) 
 Jean Paul (zhoN powl 
 
 or jeen pawl ) 
 Jellachich (yel/la-KiK) 
 Joan of Arc (Fr. Je- 
 anne d'Arc, zhan 
 daRkO [zhwSN/vel') 
 Joinville (join'vil or 
 JoufFroy (zhooffrwa') 
 Juarez (Hoo-a'res or 
 
 HWa^reth) 
 Junot (zhli/no') 
 
 Kant (kSnt or kant) 
 Kantemir (kan^tg- 
 
 meer) 
 Kavanagh (kav'a-na' 
 
 or kav/a-naii') 
 Kearney ("kar/nl) 
 Keble {kgb'l) 
 Keightly (klt^ee) 
 Kneller (neFlgr ; Ger. 
 
 pron. kneVler) 
 Knollea (nolz); ivrit- 
 
 ten also Knollys 
 
 (nolz) 
 
 Linnell (lin^ngl) 
 Liszt (ITst) 
 
 Lloyd (loid) [va/ga) 
 Lope de.Yega(lo/pa dS 
 Lothaire (lo-ther^ or 
 
 lo-teR/) 
 Loudon (lou/dgn) 
 Louis ( loo^is ; Fr. pron. 
 
 loo'e') 
 Lowth (louth) 
 Loyola (loi-o/la or lo- 
 LJ'f/grd [yoaa) 
 
 Lacroix (la^krwa') 
 Ladislas (lad/is-his) ; 
 
 written also Lad^is- 
 
 la'us. 
 
 La Fayette, or Lafay- 
 ette (la/fti-et') 
 
 Laffitte (liif/nt' or 
 fet') 
 
 La Fontaine (la fOn'- 
 
 tiin' ; Fr. pron. la'- 
 
 foN/ton') 
 Laing (lang) [ten') 
 Lamartine (la^maR/- 
 Lamballe (loN/baF) 
 La Motte-Fouque (la , Mack/in-tosh 
 
 mot-foo/ka') ^ i Mack/lin 
 La Perouse (la pu'- 
 
 rooz') 
 Laplace (la^plaps') 
 Las Casas (las ka^sas) 
 Las Cases (las kaz) 
 
 La^tham „ , , 
 
 Lavater (la-va^ter or Macready (ma-kree^di) 
 
 M. 
 
 Macaulay (ma-kaw/li) 
 MacchiaTelli (mak-ke- 
 
 a-vePlee). Syn. 
 
 Machiavel. 
 MacCulloch (ma-kuF- 
 
 IQh) [van') 
 Macllvaine (nulk/il- 
 Mackay (ma-ka' and 
 
 ma-kT') 
 
 Mac-lau'rin 
 Maclean (mak-lan^) 
 Macleod (ma-klowdO 
 Maclin (ma-klTnO 
 Maclise (ma-kleez') 
 Macomb (ma-komb/) 
 
 la/va/teR/) 
 Lavoisier( la/vwa^ze-a' ) 
 Layard (la'ard) 
 Legare (Am.) (Igh- 
 
 gree/ ) 
 Legendre(leh-zhSNdV 
 
 or leh-jen^dgr) 
 Leibnitz, or Leibniz 
 
 (ITp/nits) 
 Leigh (lee) 
 Leighton (la/ton) 
 Lempriere (lem/pri-er 
 
 or lem-preer' ) 
 Le Sage, or Lesage 
 
 (Igh-siizh/) 
 L-Estrange (les-tranjO 
 Le^vgr 
 
 Leverrier (Igh-ver/ri- 
 
 er or leh-T^/re-a') 
 Liddell (ITd/del) 
 Lieber (lee^bgr) 
 
 Mad'oc 
 Magellan (ma-jel^lan ; 
 Sp . pron. " ma-H6I- 
 yan') 
 Maginn (ma-ginO 
 Mahmtid, or Mah- 
 moud (mah/raood') 
 Mahomet (ma-hom^et, 
 ma^ho-met, or ma/- 
 ho-met). See Mo- 
 hammed. 
 Mahon (ma-hoon' or 
 
 ma-hon/) 
 Main t enon _ (mSNt^- 
 noN' or man/te-non) 
 Malcolm (m^tl/kom) 
 Malone (ma-lonO 
 Malte Brun (mawlt 
 brtin/ or malt^g- 
 br«N') 
 Mantell (mSLn^tl) 
 
 d9, wQlf, to-o, to-ok ; fim, r»e, pijll 5 C, soft ; g, hard ; a^ ; exist ; u a. ng ; ttiis (see p. 305V 
 
320 MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 Marat {ma-'ra') 
 Marie- Antoiaette 
 
 (ma-'re' oN/twa^net') 
 Marie Louise (ma^re' 
 
 loo'ez') [^n) 
 Marion (Am.) {mS.r'e- 
 Marlborough (mawl^- 
 
 b'ro) 
 Marlowe (mar^lo) 
 Martel (inaR^eF) 
 Martineau (Eng.) 
 
 (mar/tl-no) 
 Masaniello (ma-sa-ne- 
 Mas^sa-soit' [ePlo) 
 Massena (mas-sa^na ; 
 
 Fr, pron. ma''sa'na') 
 Massillon (nifis^sil-lon 
 
 or mas^se^yoN') 
 Massinger (mSs^'sin- 
 
 Mather (mSth^er) 
 Maturiu (inat/yoo-rin) 
 Maunder (mawnMor) 
 Maury ( Am. ) (maw/ri 
 
 and mQr'ri) 
 Maury (Fr.) (mo/re') 
 Mazarin (nutz^'a-reen' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. ma-'za'- 
 
 Mazzini (mat-see'nee 
 
 or ma-zee^nee) 
 Meagher (ma''gr) 
 Medici (med'e-chee) 
 Medicis (maMe'sess' or 
 
 med^e-sis) 
 Meigs (mCgz) 
 Melanchthon (tDg- 
 
 l:iDk/thon) 
 Mendelssohn (men^- 
 
 del-son) 
 Mendoza (mcn-do'za ; 
 
 Sp. pron. men-do'- 
 
 tha) 
 
 Mefcastasio (met''a-?ta'- 
 se-o or nia-ta-stii^- 
 se-o) 
 
 Metternich (met/tor- 
 nlk or meVter-niK) 
 Meyer (ml^er) 
 Mey erbeer( mi'gr-baR^ ) 
 Mcyrick (mer^ik) 
 
 MiFlTn-i?en 
 Milne (Scot.) (mil) 
 Milne (Eng.) (mlln) 
 Milnes (milz) 
 Mirabeau (mtr'a-bo' 
 or me^ra^bo') " [la) 
 Mirandola (me-ran'do- 
 
 Mo-hSm'med 
 Moiiere (mo^le-eR') 
 3Iolyneux (mol'i- 
 
 nooks^ ) 
 Moucreitf ( mon-kreef ) 
 Monroe (mgn-ro/) 
 Monstrelet (moNs'- 
 
 trgh-la') [gu) 
 Montague (mon^ta- 
 Montaigne (mon^tan' ; 
 
 Fr. pron. moN^tan') 
 Montalembert (moN^- 
 
 ta^loN^beR') [kam^) 
 Montcalm (mont- 
 Montecuccoli (mon'ta- 
 
 kobk^ko-lee) 
 Montespan (mon-'tes- 
 
 pSn' ; Fr. pron. 
 
 moN-'tes^poN') 
 Montesquieu (m5n'- 
 
 tes-ku' ; Fr. pron. 
 
 nQON/tas/ke-uh') 
 Montgolfier (moN/gol/- 
 
 fe-a' or mont-gol^f i- 
 
 gr) 
 
 Montgomery ( Eng. ) 
 
 (mynt-giim/er-i) 
 Montrose (mgnt-roz'') 
 Moore (Eng.) (m5r) 
 Moray (milr^rl) 
 Moreau (mo^ro') 
 Morel (mo^rel') 
 Morell (mo-rellO 
 Morrell (Am.) (mSr^- 
 Mor-'tQU [rel) 
 Mo^'by 
 
 Motteux (mot-too'') 
 Moultrie (moo/trl) 
 Mow/att 
 
 Mozart (mo-zart' ; 
 Ger. pron. mot'sart) 
 
 Miiller (mlil/ler, al- 
 most mil^'ler) 
 
 Munchhausen (mtin- 
 chaw^sen ; Ger. 
 pron. miinK-how''- 
 zen) [rat/) 
 
 Murat (md^ra' or mu- 
 
 Murillo (moo-reel^yo 
 or miJ-riVlG) 
 
 Mylne (miln) 
 
 3sr. 
 
 Napier (na^pe-er) 
 Neck^er ( Fr. pron. 
 \ nSk/kt'R') 
 
 Ney (na) 
 
 Niebuhr (nee^boor) 
 Nos^tra-da'mus 
 Novalis (no-ya^'lis) 
 
 O. 
 
 Oberlin (o/ber-lin) 
 Ogilby (o/g'l-bi/ 
 Ogilvie (o/g'l-vi| 
 Ohlenschlager, or Oeh- 
 
 lenschlager (d'len- 
 
 shia/ger) 
 Olmstead (um'sted or 
 
 om^sted) 
 O'Meara (o-mee''ra ; 
 
 Irus/i pron. o-ma'ra) 
 Orsini (oR-see'nee) 
 Ossian (Osh'an) 
 Ousely (ooz/fi) 
 Oxenstiern (oks'§n- 
 
 stem') 
 
 P. 
 
 PaPgrave 
 
 Palmerston (pam^er- 
 stQn) [lee) 
 Paoli (pa^o-lee orpow^- 
 Par/a-pel^sCLs 
 Pardoe (par-'do) 
 Par''nell 
 
 Pascal (pSs^kal ; Fr. 
 
 pron. piis'kal') 
 Pearce and Pearce 
 PSar'sQn and Pear'son 
 Pepin (pgp'in or pipp- 
 in ; Fr. pron. peh- 
 pXnO 
 
 Pepys (peps) [see) 
 Pestalozzi (pes-ta-lot^- 
 Petrarch (pee^trark) 
 
 (It. Petrarca, pa- 
 
 traR''ka) 
 Piccolomini (pik-ko- 
 
 lom^e-nee) 
 Pierce (pet^rss or pt;rss) 
 Piozzi (pe-ot^see or pe- 
 
 6z/zY) 
 
 Pizarro ( pe-zSir^ro ; 
 Sp. pron. pe-thaR/- 
 Ro) [t^'e-net) 
 
 Plantagenet (pl5n- 
 
 Pleyel (plT'gl); or 
 Pleyl (pill) 
 
 Po-'ca-hSn'tas 
 
 Po^cScke 
 
 Poin-sett' 
 
 Polk (polk or pok) 
 
 Pombal (pom-bal'') 
 
 Pompadour (pom'pa- 
 
 doToR' or poM/pa/- 
 
 dcToR') 
 Ponce de Leon (pon'- 
 
 tha da la-on'l 
 Poniatowski (po-ne-a- 
 
 tov^ske) 
 Popham (pop-'am) 
 Porteus (por/ testis) 
 Poussin (poo^siiN') 
 Powell (pou'gl) 
 Pow/hat-tan' 
 Praed fprad) 
 Preble (preba) 
 Prichard (pritch/ard) 
 Prideaux (prid^o "a^irf 
 
 prid/fix) 
 Priessnitz ( preess^'nits) 
 Pughe (pu) 
 Pugin (pu''jin) 
 Pulaski (pu-las''kee 
 
 Pol. pron. poo-lius^- 
 
 kee). 
 Pulci (pool^chee) 
 Pulteney (pult^m) 
 Pusey (pii^zi) 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quarlea (kwarlz) 
 Quevedo (kS-va'Do) 
 Quincy (kwln^si or 
 kwin'zl) 
 
 Rabelais (ra'bch-la' or 
 rab^'la') 
 
 Rachel (Fr.) (ra^sheP) 
 
 Racine (ra^sen' or rSs- 
 seen^ ) 
 
 RafFaelle (raf-fa-eVlS) 
 Syn. Raphael. 
 
 Raleigh (raw^li); writ- 
 ten also Ralegh. 
 
 Ranke (rank^gh) 
 
 Raphael (ra'fa-gl or 
 rjiffa-gl) 
 
 Rapin (rSp'tn or ra'- 
 pSN) 
 
 Reaumur (ra'o/mliR' 
 or ro'mur) 
 
 See, long; SL,6, 8cc., short,- c&re, far, ask, allr wh^t; ere,vgU,tSnn;. pique, firm; s6n^6r, 
 
MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAJMES. 
 
 321 
 
 Rembrandt (rgm/- 
 
 br."iiit) 
 Ren/nell 
 
 Keuchiin (roiK^lin) 
 Reynolds (reu\)ldz) 
 Ricasoii (re-k a' so-lee) 
 Riccio (rot/cho) 
 Richelieu (resh/eh- 
 
 loo ; Fr. pron. resh^- 
 
 le-uh') 
 Richter(rTK^tgr). Sj/n. 
 
 Jean Paul. 
 Rienzi (re-en-'zee), or 
 
 Rienzo (re-en^zo) 
 Rives (Amer.) (reevz) 
 Rizzio (ret-'se-o or rif- 
 
 se-o) 
 
 Robespierre (ro'bes- 
 peer'' or rob/gs-pe- 
 t'R') [shoN'bo') 
 Rochambeau (ro^- 
 Roehefoucauld (rosh^- 
 foo-ko' or rosh^'foo/- 
 koO _ [zhaO 
 
 Roget (ro^zha or ro^- 
 Romilly (Eng.) (rom^- 
 il-T) 
 
 Rosecrans (roz^rSnts) 
 Rothschild (ros/chlld ; 
 
 Ger. pron. rot-'shllt) 
 Rousseau {roo^so') 
 Routledge (rtttaij) 
 Rowe (ro) 
 Rowley (rou'^li) 
 Rutgers (rut^gers) 
 Rutherford (ruth.^'er- 
 
 fS)rd) 
 
 s. 
 
 Saadi. See Sadi. 
 Sabine (sab-'in) 
 Sacheverell (sa-chev'- 
 
 gr-el) 
 Saintiue (saN/ten') 
 Saint-John (senf-jon 
 
 or sin^jen) [jer) 
 Saint Leger (siFlin- 
 Saint-Pierre (sent- 
 
 peer or sSN'pe-eR' ) 
 Saint-Simon (sent-si/- 
 
 mgn or saN^se^moN') 
 Saladin (saFa-dm) 
 Sand (Fr.) (son) 
 San^dys {or sandz) 
 Saunderson (saa/der- 
 
 son) 
 
 Saussure (so^sur' or 
 so^siiR') [il) 
 Savile, or Saville (sav^- 
 Savonarola (sa-vo-nii- 
 
 ro'la) 
 Scaliger (skaH-jor) 
 Scheliing (shePling) 
 Schenck (skenk) 
 Schiller (shil/ler) 
 Schlegel (shhVgel or 
 shla^'GoI) [er-maK^cr) 
 Schleiermacher (shli'- 
 Schmidt (shmit) 
 Schuyler (skFler) 
 Scoresby (skorz'bi) 
 Scougal (skoo^gal) 
 Scribe (skreb) " [da) 
 Sepulveda (sa-pooPva- 
 Ser-ve^ttis 
 
 Sevigne (sa-veen^yJl or 
 
 sa^'ven^ya') 
 Seward (su^ard) 
 Seymour (see'mcr) 
 Shakes^peare ; " writ- 
 
 ten also Shakspeare 
 
 and Shakspere. 
 Shiel (sheel) 
 Sidmouth (sid^miith) 
 Sieyes (se-6s', se-a', or 
 
 se-a'ya')^ 
 Sigel (see'gel) [mtind) 
 Sigismund (sy^is- 
 Sigourney (sTg/or-ni) 
 Sismondi (sis-mon-'di ; 
 
 It. pron. ses-mon''- 
 
 dee) 
 Slidell (sli-deP) 
 Snorri Sturluson 
 
 (snor^ree stoor^ldb- 
 
 SQn) 
 Soane (son) 
 Sobieski (so-be-es'kee) 
 Socinus (so-sPntis) 
 Somers (sum^erz) 
 Sontag (son^tag or 
 
 son^taG) 
 Sotheby (stlth/e-bi) 
 Soule (sol) _ " [la') 
 Soule (soo-la/ or eoo^- 
 Soulouque (soo^lcTok') 
 Soult (soolt) 
 Southard (sttth^grd) 
 Southern (suth^ern) 
 Sou they (sowth/i) 
 Sowerby (sou''er-bi) 
 Soyer (soi/er or swa/- 
 
 Spalding (spawPding) 
 
 Spinola (spee'no-la) 
 Spinoza (spe-no-'za) 
 Spurtzheini (spooRts'- 
 
 h7m or spQrz^im) 
 Stael (stal or stawl) 
 Stanhope (stSn'Qp) 
 Stanislaus (stSn-is-la''- 
 
 iis or sfan-is-la^'us) 
 Staunton (stan'ton) 
 Steuben (Am.) (stu^- 
 Storra (storz) [bgn) 
 Stowell (sto/gl) 
 Strahan and Strachan 
 (strawn) [sant) 
 Stuyvesant (stPvg- 
 Sue (su; Fr.pron. sii) 
 Suleyman (soo-la- 
 mlin^). Syn. Soli- 
 man, [sii/ye') 
 Sully (sQPli ; Fr. pron. 
 Suwarrow (soo-or^ro) ; 
 vrritten Souvoroff 
 or Suworow {Russ. 
 pron. soo-vo^rof) 
 Swe'dgn-borg' {Sw. 
 
 pron. swii/den-boRG ) 
 Sydenham (sid''en-am ) 
 
 T. 
 
 Talbot (tawPbot) 
 Talfourd (tawP^fgrd) 
 Taliaferro (t6PI-vgr, 
 
 and sometimes teP- 
 
 fgr) 
 
 Talleyrand (taPH- 
 
 rSnd; Fr. pron. taX'- 
 
 la^roN') 
 Talimadge CtiiPmYj) 
 Tamerlane ( t^m^gr- 
 
 lan or tSm^'gr-lan') 
 Taney (taw-'ni) [so.) 
 TSs^so {It. pron. tas''- 
 Tassoni (tas-so'nee) 
 Te-ctim/sgh [miith) 
 Teignmouth (tin^- 
 Teniers ( t^n/yerz ; Fr. 
 
 pron. tgh-ne-u' or 
 
 ten-ya^) 
 Thackerav (tha-k^er-rT) 
 Thalberg''(taPbgRG) 
 Theobald (thee^o- 
 
 bawld or tib/bald) 
 Thesiger (thes^T-jer) 
 Thierry (te-er^ri or te- 
 
 a-'ree') 
 Thiers (te-eR^) 
 
 Tholuck(toa(rok\ 
 Thom (tom) 
 Thoresby (thorz^bi) 
 Thorwaldsen ( tor'- 
 
 wald-sen or UyeJ- 
 
 vald-sgn) 
 Tieck (teek) 
 Tighe (tl) [te/ye') 
 Tilly (tiPle; Fr.pron. 
 Timur, or Timour 
 
 (tee^moor') 
 Tintoretto (ten-to- 
 
 ret/ to) 
 Tippoo Sahib (tip/po 
 
 sa^hTb; almost sa'^ib) 
 Tischendorf (tish'gn- 
 
 dORf) 
 
 Titian (tish'an) 
 Tocqueville "(tok'vTI; 
 
 French, pron. tok^- 
 
 veP) 
 
 Torquato (toR-kwa^to) 
 Torquemada (toa-kS- 
 
 ma''Da) 
 Toucey (tou^Bi) 
 Toussaint L'Ouver- 
 
 ture (too^saN' loo'- 
 
 veR/fiiR') [end) 
 Townshend (townz'- 
 TrM/gs-c5nt 
 Trowbridge (tro'brij) 
 Tyndale (tin^al) 
 Tyrwhitt (tefit or 
 
 ter^wit) 
 
 TJ. 
 
 Uhland (oo^nfc or 
 
 yoo^land) 
 Ulfilas," or Ulphilaa 
 
 (uPH-las) 
 Upham (up'am) 
 Urquhart (firk/art) 
 Uwins {yoo^vaz) 
 
 V. 
 
 Val-lan^di-gham (-dt- 
 gam) [rgn) 
 Van Buren (v5n hn'- 
 Vanbrugh (vSn/broo) 
 Vancouver (van-koo^' 
 ver) 
 
 Vandyke (v5u-dTk/) 
 (Dutch Vandyc :, or 
 Vandjik, van-dlk/) 
 
 ^.Qf w^If^ tJb, t(5bk ; firn, nje, pi^ill ; 9, ^, soft ; g, hard ; as ; e^ist ; d ng ; this (see p. SOo). 
 21 
 
822 
 
 Tan Rensselaer (vSn 
 
 ren/sel-ar) [tel') 
 Vattel (vtit-teV or vat'- 
 Tauban (yo'boN') 
 Taughan (vaw'n or 
 
 vaw-'an) 
 Vaux (Eng. & Am.) 
 
 (vawks) 
 Tega (va/ga) 
 Yelasquez (Ta-las'kez 
 
 or va-lag/keth) 
 Vemet (veR/nS') 
 Terplanck( vgr-piask' ) 
 Ver-ste^gan 
 
 Vespucci (v6s-pooV- 
 
 chee) 
 Yicente (ve-sen'ta) 
 Yida (vee/dii) 
 Yidocq (ve^dok') 
 Yilliers (viFyerz) 
 Yinci (vin/cheo or 
 
 yen'chee) 
 Yladimir (vlad's-mer) 
 Yolney (vSVni; Fr. 
 
 pron. ToFna') 
 Yoltaire (vol-ter' or 
 
 voFteR') 
 Yortigem (Tor'tg- 
 
 gern) 
 Yoss(Ger.)(foss) 
 
 MODERN BIOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 
 
 w. 
 
 Waldemar jwoVde- 
 mar or walMeh- 
 m^r) [stm) 
 
 Wallenstein (woFlgn- 
 
 War^bur-tQn 
 
 Wargentia (war'gen- 
 teen) [ing-tQn) 
 
 Washington (wosh^- 
 
 Watteau (vat^to') 
 
 Weber (wa'bgr or wa'- 
 ber) 
 
 Wellesley (wglz/li) 
 Wemys (weemz or 
 
 wimz) 
 Werner (wSr^ner or 
 
 \veR/ner) 
 Whalley (hwSiai) 
 Whewell (hWel) 
 Whitefield(hwit/feeld) 
 Wieland (wee^land 
 German pron. wee' 
 
 lant) 
 
 Willougbby (wiiaQ-bi) 
 Willughby (wiPlQ-bi) 
 Winckelmann (wmk'- 
 
 el-nian) 
 Windham (wind'am) 
 Wolcott (wOPkgt or 
 
 w(5t)Fk5t) 
 
 Wolfif (Eng.) (w(5'olf) 
 Wollaston (w(5'oFas- 
 tgn) 
 
 Wollstonecraft (wooF- 
 
 stgn-kriift) 
 Wolsey (wcJbVzi) 
 Worcester (woos'ter) 
 Wordsworth (wfirdz^- 
 
 w firth) 
 WouTerman (wow^- 
 
 yer-man) 
 Wraxall (rSks^al or 
 
 rSks/al) 
 Wycherley (vritch'- 
 
 gr-H) 
 
 Wycliffe ( wik^lif) ; also 
 
 Wyclif, Wiclif, and 
 
 Wickhffe. 
 Wyntoun (wm^tQn or 
 
 ■win^toyn) 
 Wythe (with ; /A as in 
 
 thin) 
 
 Y. 
 
 Xavier (zSv/t-er ; Sp. 
 
 pron. Ha-ve-aR^) ^ 
 Ximenes (zi-mee^nez ; 
 
 Sp. pron. He-ma-'- 
 
 nSs) 
 
 Yonge (yung) 
 Youatt (yoo^nt) 
 Youmans (yoo'manz) 
 Yriarte (e-re-aR^ta) 
 Ysabeau (e-'za^bo') 
 
 Z. 
 
 Zim^mer-mann ( Ger. 
 
 pron". tsim^mer- 
 
 nian) [doRf) 
 Zinzendorf (tsint^sen- 
 ZoUikofer(Ger.)(tsol'- 
 
 le-ko^fer) 
 Zol'H-koffer (Am.) 
 Zouch (zooch) 
 Zschokke (tsh6k/keh) 
 Zumala - Carregui 
 
 (thoo-ma^la-kaR-Ea' 
 
 gee) 
 
 Zumpt (tsoompt) 
 Zuniga (thoon-yee^ga) 
 Zwin'gli {Ger. pron. 
 tswing^lee) (Lat. 
 Zwin/gli-Qs or Zuin'- 
 gli-us) ; tvritten also 
 Zwingle (zwing^gl) 
 Zwirner (tswiRu/gr) 
 
 a,e, &e., long; p., e, &c., short / c^re, far, ask, all,wliat ; gre,vsil, tSrm ; pique, firm ; 
 
PEONOIJNCING AND EXPLANATORY VOCABTJLAEY 
 
 OF 
 
 COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES. 
 
 L NAMES OF MEN. 
 
 Aaron (ar/un). [Ileb.] Lofty ; 
 inspired. 
 
 A'beL [Heb.] Breath; tran- 
 sitoriness ; vanity. 
 
 A-bi'eL [Ileb.J Father of 
 strength. 
 
 A-brjah. [Ileb.] To whom 
 Jehovah is a Father, [light. 
 
 Ab'ner. [Ileb.] Father of 
 
 A'bra-ham. [Ileb.] Father 
 of a multitude, [elevation. 
 
 A'bram. [Ileb.] Father of 
 
 Ad'am. [Ileb.] Man; earth- 
 man ; red earth. 
 
 A-d61'phus. [0. H. Ger.] 
 Noble wolf, i. e. noble hero. 
 
 Ad/Q-ni'ram. [Heb.] Lord 
 of height. 
 
 Ara-ri€. [0. II. Ger.] All- 
 rich ; or, noble ruler. 
 
 Al'bert. [0. H. Ger.] Nobly 
 bright ; illustrious. 
 
 Al'bi-on. [Celt.] Mountain- 
 ous land ; — the ancient 
 name of England. 
 
 APex-aii'der. [Gr.] A de- 
 fender of men. 
 
 Al'fred. [0. H. Ger.] Elf 
 in council; t. e., good coun- 
 selor. [Alphonso. 
 
 A-16n'zo. [0. Ger.] Same as 
 
 Al'phe-us [properly Al-phe'- 
 ns). [Ileb.] Exchange. 
 
 Al-ph6n'so. [0. H. Ger.] All- 
 ^ ready ; willing. 
 
 APvan:} tHeb.] Iniquity. 
 Al'vin, ) [0. II. Ger.] Be- 
 Al'win. S loved by all. 
 Am'a-ri'ah. [Heb.] A\Tiom 
 
 Jehovah promised. 
 Am'a-sa. [Heb.] A burden. 
 
 Am'brose. [Gr.] Immortal ; | 
 ^ divine. 
 
 Am'mi. [Heb.] My people. I 
 A'mos. [Heb.] Strong ; ecu- [ 
 rageous ; otktrwise^ a bur- 
 den. 
 
 An'drew (iin/drij). [Gr.J 
 Strong; manly. 
 
 An'selm. [0. II. Ger.] Pro- 
 tection of God. 
 
 An'tho-ny (-to-), 1 [Lat.] 
 
 An'to-ny. j Priceless ; 
 
 praiseworthy. 
 
 Ar'chi-bald. [Ger.] Extreme- 
 ly bold ; other wise ^ holy 
 prince. 
 
 Ar'te-mas. [Gr.] Gift of 
 
 Artemis, or Diana. 
 Ar'thur. [Celt.] High ; noble. 
 A'sa. [Heb.] Healer ; phy- 
 sician. [God. 
 As'a-hel. [Heb.] Made of 
 A'saph. [Heb.] A collector. 
 Ash'er. [Heb.] Happy ; fort- 
 unate, [ness. 
 Ash'ur. [Heb.] Black ; black- 
 Au-gus'tin, ) [Lat.] Belong- 
 Au-gus'tine, { ing to Au- 
 Aus'tin. ) gustus. 
 Au-gus'tus. [Lat.] Exalted; 
 
 "imperial. [of the Lord. 
 Az^a-rl'ah. [Heb.] Helped 
 
 B. 
 
 BS,p'tist. [Gr.] A baptizer ; 
 
 a purifier. 
 Bar'ua-bas, ) [Heb.] Son of 
 Bar'na-by. j consolation. 
 Bar-th61'o-mew. [Heb.] A 
 
 warlike son. 
 Bar-ziPiai. [Heb.] Iron of 
 
 the Lord; firm; true. 
 B&§'il. [Gr.] Kingly ; royal. ^ 
 
 Ben'e-di-ct. [Lat.] Blessed. 
 Ben'ja-min. [Heb.] Son of 
 
 the right hand 
 Be-ri'ah. [Heb.] In calamitv. 
 Ber'nard, I [0. H. Ger.] Bold 
 Bar'nard. ) as a bear. 
 Ber'tram. [0. H. Ger.j Bright 
 
 raven. 
 
 Be-z^l'e-el. [Heb ] In the 
 shadow ( protection) of God. 
 
 Bon'i-fage. [Lat.] A bene- 
 factor. 
 
 c. 
 
 ■ead-wal'la-der. [Brit.] Bat- 
 tle-arranger. 
 
 Q^e'sar. [Lat.] Hairy ; or, 
 blue-eyed ; or, born under 
 the cesarean operation. 
 
 •€a'leb. [Heb.] A dog. 
 
 -Gal'vin. [Lat.] Bald. 
 
 Cecil (se^sil, sis^il, or ses'il). 
 [Lat.] Dim-sighted. 
 
 Qe'phas. [Aramaic] A stone. 
 
 Charle§. [0. II. Ger.] Strong; 
 manly ; noble-spirited. 
 
 ■Ghrist'lan. [Lat.] Belong- 
 ing to Christ ; a believer in 
 Christ. [ing Christ. 
 
 ■eiirisao-pher. [Gr.] Bear- 
 
 ■Clar'enge. [Lat.] Illustrious. 
 
 ■€lem'ent. [Lat.] Mild-tem- 
 pered; merciful. 
 
 -Con'rad. [0. H. Ger.] Bold 
 in council ; resolute. 
 
 ■€6n'stant. [Lat.] Firm ; 
 faithful. 
 
 •€6n'stan-tme. [Lat.] Res- 
 olute ; firm. 
 
 ■Cor-ne'li-us (or kor-neey- 
 yus). [Lat.] [Uncertain.) 
 
 son, or, dQ, wglf, too, tOt>k ; tirn, rye, p\ill ; ^,^soft; g, hard; ; exist ; n ng 
 
 (323) 
 
 this. 
 
S24 
 
 -Guth'bert. [A.-S.] Koted 
 
 spleudor. 
 gyiD'ri-an. [Gr.] Of Cyprus. 
 Q/r'il. [Gr.] Lordly. 
 Qy'rus. [Per.] The sun. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dan. [Heb.] A judge. 
 
 Dan'i-el (or dar/yel). [Heb.] 
 A divine judge. 
 
 Da-ri'us. [Per.] Preserver. 
 
 Da'vid. [Heb.] Beloved. 
 
 De-me'tri-us. [Gr.] Belong- 
 ing to Ceres. 
 
 Den'is, I [Gr.] Same as Di- 
 
 Den'nis. ) onysius. [Fr. 
 form.] 
 
 Der'rick. [0. H. Ger.] A 
 corruption of Theodoric. 
 
 DFo-nys'i-us (-iiizh/l-us). 
 [Gr.] Belonging to Dio- 
 nysos, the god of wine. 
 
 D6n'ald. [Celt.] Proud chief. 
 
 Dun'^an (diink/an). [Celt.] 
 Brown chief. 
 
 COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eb'en. [Heb.] A stone, 
 fib'en-e'zer. [Heb.] The 
 
 stone of help. 
 Ed'gar. [A.-S.] A javelin (or 
 
 protector) of property. 
 Ed'mund. [A.-S.] Defender 
 
 of property, 
 fid'ward. [A.-S.] Guardian 
 of property. [property. 
 Ed'win. [A.-S.] Gainer of 
 Eg'bert. [0. H. Ger.] The 
 sword's brightness ; famous 
 with the sword. 
 El'bert. [0. H. Ger.] The 
 
 same as Albert. 
 EPdred. [A.-S.] Terrib e. 
 E/le-a'zer. [Heb.] To whom 
 
 God is a help. 
 E'lT. [Heb.] A foster son. 
 E-H'ab. [Heb.] God is his 
 father. 
 
 E-li'as. [Heb.] The same 
 as ELIJAH. ^ [LoM. 
 
 E-li'hu. [Heb.] .God the 
 E-li'jah. [Heb.] Jehovah is 
 mv God. [salvation 
 E-li'pba-let. [Hob.] God of 
 E-li'sha. [Heb.] God my 
 salvation. 
 
 E-li'zur. [Heb.] God is my 
 rock. [of ELISHA. 
 
 El'lis. [Heb.] A variation 
 El'mer. [A.-S.] Noble ; ex- 
 cellent. [A contraction oi 
 ETflELMER.] 
 
 Ei'na-than. [Heb.] God gave. 
 Em-man'u-el. [Heb.] God 
 
 with us. 
 Km'er-y, ) [a.-S.] Power- 
 Em'mer-y, \' . rich. 
 Em'o-ry. ) 
 
 E'no€h. [Heb.] Consecrated; 
 
 dedicated. 
 E'nos. [Heb.] Man. [ful. 
 E'phra-im. [Heb.] A'ery fruit- 
 E-ra§'mus. [Gr.] Lovely ; 
 
 w^orthy to be loved. 
 E-ras'tus. [Gr.] Lovely ; 
 
 amiable. [powertul. 
 E'ri€. [A. S.] Rich ; brave ; 
 Er'nest. [Ger.] Earnest. 
 E'than. [Heb.] Firmness ; 
 
 strength. 
 Eu'gene, or Eu-gene'. [Gr.] 
 
 Well-born ; noble. 
 Eiis'tage. [Gr.] Healthy ; 
 
 strong; standing firm . 
 Ev'an. [Brit.] The same as 
 JOHN. [of God. 
 
 E-ze'ki-eL [Heb.] Strength 
 Ez'ra. [Heb.] Help. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fe'lix. [Lat.] Happy ; pros- 
 perous. 
 
 Eer'di-nand. [0. H. Ger.] 
 
 Brave ; valiant. 
 Fer-nan'do. [0. H. Ger.] 
 
 The same as Ferdinand. 
 Fes'tus. [Lat.] Joyful; glad. 
 Fran'gis. [Fr.] Free. 
 Frank. [Fr.] A contraction 
 
 of "Francis. 
 FrSd'er-i€, 1 [0. H. Ger.] 
 Fred'er-ick. ) Abounding 
 
 in peace ; or, peaceful ruler. 
 
 G. 
 
 Ga'bri-el. [Heb.]Manof God. 
 Ga'ius (g^i'yus). [Lat.] Pve- 
 ioiccd. 
 
 Ga-ma'li-eL [Heb.] Recom- 
 pense of God. 
 Gar'ret. [0. H. Ger.] An- 
 other form of Gerald 
 
 Geof'irey. [0. H. Ger.] The 
 
 same as Godfrey. 
 
 George. [Gr.] A landholder; 
 husbandman. 
 
 Ger'ald, I [0. H. Ger.] Strong 
 
 (ier'ard. ) with the spear. 
 
 Ger'shom. [Heb.] An exile. 
 
 Gid'e-on. [Heb.] A de- 
 stroyer. 
 
 GiPbert. [0. H. Ger.] Yel- 
 low-bright ; famous. 
 
 Giles. [Gr.] A kid. 
 
 Giv'en. [Eng.] Gift of God. 
 
 God'dard. [0. Ger.] Pious; 
 virtuous. 
 
 God'frey. [0. H. Ger.] At 
 peace with God. 
 
 Greg'o-ry. [Ger.] Watch- 
 ful ; vigilant. 
 
 Griffith. [Brit.] Having 
 great faith. [rior ; hero. 
 
 Gus-ta'vus. [Sw.] A war- 
 Guy. [Fr.] A leader. 
 
 H. 
 
 Han'ni-bal. [Punic] Grace 
 
 of Baal. 
 Har'old. [A.-S.] A cham- 
 pion ; general of an army. 
 He'man. [Heb.] Faithful. 
 Hen'ry. [0. H. Ger.] The 
 
 head or chief of a house. 
 Her'bert. [A.-S.] Glory of 
 the army. [warrior. 
 Her'man. [0. H. Ger.] A 
 Hez/e-ki'ah. [Heb.] Strength 
 of the Lord. [merry. 
 HiPa-ry. [Lat.] Cheerful ; 
 Hi'ram. [Heb.] Most noble. 
 Hor'age. [Gr.] Same as 
 
 Horatio. [Fr. form.] 
 Ho-raai-o(ho-ra/shi-o). [Gr.] 
 
 ( Uncertain.) 
 Ho-se'a. [Heb.] Salvation. 
 How'ell. [Brit.] Sound ; 
 whole. 
 
 Hu'bert. [0. H. Ger.] Bright 
 
 in spirit ; soul-bright. 
 Hugh (hu), ) [D.] Mind ; 
 Hu'go. ) spirit ; soul. 
 
 Humph'rey. [A.-S.] Pro- 
 tector of the home. 
 
 I. 
 
 l€h'a-bod. [Heb.] The glory 
 has departed. 
 
 ^u,l viiLiwii. ^ — — 
 
COJMMON ENGLISH CHKISTIAN NAMES. 
 
 325 
 
 [Gr.] Ardent ; fiery. | 
 Im-man'u-el. [lleb.] The 
 ^ same as Emmanuel. 
 |n'gram. [Teut.] Raven. 
 In'i-go. [Cir.] The same as 
 
 Ignatius. [Sp. form.] 
 i'ra. [Ileb.] "Watchful. 
 I'§aac (i^'zak). [Heb.j Laugh- 
 ter. 
 
 I-§a'iah (T-zu/ya). [Ileb.] Sal- 
 ^ vation of the Lord. [God. 
 I§'ra-eL [Ileb.] A soldier of 
 Iv'an. [Brit.] The same as 
 John. [Russian form.] 
 
 J. 
 
 Ja'bez. [Ileb.] He will cause 
 pain. 
 
 Ja.'€ob. [Ileb.] A supplanter. 
 Ja'i-rus. [Ileb.] lie will en- 
 lighten. 
 
 Jame§. [Ileb.] The same as , 
 
 Jacob. [ment. 
 Ja'pheth. [Ileb.] Enlarge- 
 Ja'red. [Heb.] Descent. 
 Ja'son. [Gr.] A healer. 
 Jas'per. [Per.] ( Uncertain.) 
 Ja'van. [Ileb.] Clay ; supple. 
 Jgd^e-di'ah. [Heb.] Beloved 
 
 of the Lord. 
 Jeffrey. [0. II. Ger.] Same 
 
 as Godfrey. 
 Jer^e-mi'ah, ) [Heb.] Exalt- 
 Jer'e-my. j ed of the 
 
 Lord. 
 
 Jer'ome (in Eng.), Je-rome' 
 (in Amer.). Holy name. 
 
 Jes'se. [Heb.] Wealth. 
 
 Jo'ab. [Heb.] Jehovah is his 
 father. [cuted. 
 
 J5b. [Heb.] Afflicted ; perse- 
 
 Jo'el. [Heb.] The Lord is 
 God. [gift of God. 
 
 John (jon). [Heb.] Gracious 
 
 ~;} [Ileb.] A dove. 
 
 Jon'a-than. [Heb.] Gift of 
 Jehovah. 
 
 J5'seph. [Heb.] He shall add. 
 
 J6sh'u-a. [Heb.] God of sal- 
 vation. 
 
 Jo-si'ah, ) [Heb.] Given of 
 Jo-si'as. ) the Lord. 
 Jo'tham. [Heb.] The Lord is 
 
 upright. 
 Ju'dah. [Heb.] Praised. i 
 
 Ju'li-an. [Lat.] Sprung from, ! 
 
 or belonging to, Julius. 
 Ju'li-us. [Gr.] Soft-haired. 
 Jus'tin, ) [Lat.] JiLst ; up- 
 Jus'tUS. j right. 
 
 K. 
 
 Ken'elm. [A.-S.] A defender 
 
 of his kindred. 
 Ken'neth. [Gael.] A leader ; 
 
 commander. 
 
 L. 
 
 La'ban. [Heb.] White. 
 Lam'bert. [0. H. Ger.] H- 
 lustrious with landed pos- 
 sessions. 
 Lan'ge-lot. [It.] A little an- 
 gel ; otherwise, a little lance 
 or warrior ; or, a servant. | 
 Lau'renge, I [Lat.] Crowned 
 Law'reiige. j with laurel. I 
 L^z'a-rus. [Heb.] God will 
 help. 
 
 Le-an'der. [Gr.] Lion-man. 
 Lem'u-el. [Heb.] Created 
 
 by God. 
 Leon'ard (len^ard). [Ger.] 
 
 Strong or brave as a lion. 
 Le-6n'i-das. [Gr.] Lion-like. 
 Le'o-pold. [0. H. Ger.] Bold 
 
 for the people. 
 Le'vi. [Heb.] Adhesion. See 
 
 Gen. xxix. 34. 
 Lew'is (loQ/is). [0. H. Ger.] 
 
 Bold warrior. 
 Li'nus. [Gr.] Flaxen-haired. 
 Li'o-nel. [Lat.] Young lion. 
 Llew-el'lyn (lu-el/lin). 
 
 [Celt.] Lightning, [people. 
 Lo-am'mi. [Heb.] Not my 
 Lo-ren'zo. [Lat.] The same 
 
 as Laurence. 
 L6t. [Heb.] A veil ; covering. 
 Lou'is. [0. II. Ger.] The same 
 
 as Lewis _ [Fr. form.] 
 Lu'ci-an nu^shl-an). [Lat.] i 
 
 Belonging to, or sprung 
 
 from, Lucius. 
 Lu'ci-us (lu^shi-lts). [Lat.] 
 
 Born at break of day. 
 Lu'do-vi€. [0. H. Ger.] Same 
 
 as Lewis. [Ger. form.] 
 Lilke. [Lat.] Light. 
 Lu'ther. [Ger.] Illustrious 
 
 warrior. 
 
 Ly-€tir'gus. [Gr.] Wolf- 
 driver. 
 
 M. 
 
 Ma'do€. [W.] Good ; benefi- 
 cent, [of the Lord. 
 ]Mal'a-€hi. [Heb.] Messenger 
 Ma-n^s'seh. [Heb.] Forget- 
 fulness. 
 
 Mar-gel'lus. [Lat.] Diminu- 
 tive of Marcus. 
 
 Mar'ci-us (n.ar^thi-Ks). [Lat.] 
 Same as Makcus. 
 
 IVIar'-eus, j [Lat.] A ham- 
 
 IVIark. j nier ; ot/trrivise, 
 a male ; or, sprung from 
 Mars. 
 
 IVIar 'ma-duke. [A.-S.] A 
 
 mighty noble. 
 ]VIar'tin. [Lat.] Of Mars ; 
 
 warlike. 
 IMat'thew (muth/yij). [Heb.] 
 
 Gift of Jehovah. 
 Mat-thi'as (math-thi/as). 
 
 [Heb.] Gift of the Lord; — 
 
 the same as Matthew. 
 IVEau'rige. [Lat.] Moorish ; 
 
 dark-colored. 
 ]V[ax'i-mil'i-an. [Lat.] The 
 
 greatest ^niilianus. 
 MV^ah. [Heb.] Who is like 
 
 the Lord ? 
 IMi'-eha-el (or mi/kel). [Heb.] 
 
 Who is like God ? 
 IVUleg. [Lat.] A soldier. 
 IMor'gan. [Brit.] A seaman ; 
 
 a dweller on the sea. 
 ]V[o'§es. [Egypt.] Drawn out 
 
 of the water. 
 
 N. 
 
 Na'hum. [Heb.] Consolation. 
 Na'than. [Heb.] Given ; a 
 gift. 
 
 Na-than'a-el, ) [Heb.] The 
 Na-than'i-eL ) gilt of God. 
 Neal ) [Lat.] Dark : swarthy ; 
 NeiL j othericise [Celt.], 
 Chief. [of the Lord. 
 
 Ne^he-mT'ah. [Heb.] Ccmfort 
 Ni-eh'o-las, I [Gr.] Victory of 
 Ni-e'o-las. j the people. 
 No'ah. [Heb.] Rest ; comfort. 
 No'eL [Lat. Dies Anfnlis.] 
 Christmas ; born on Christ- 
 mas day. 
 
 son, or, do, W9lf, too, tdbk; fim, ryje, pi^ll ; p, ^, soft; €, g, hard; as ; exist ; o a* ng ; tiiis. 
 
326 COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES. 
 
 Nor'man. [Ger.] A north- 
 man ; a native of Normandy. 
 
 0. 
 
 O^ba-di'ah. [Heb.] Servant 
 
 of the Lord. 
 O'bed. [Heb.] Serving God. 
 0€-ta'vi-us, ) [Lat.] The 
 0€-ta'vus. ) eighth-born. 
 Ol'i-ver. [Lat.] An ohve- 
 
 tree. [aineer. 
 0-res'tes. [Gr.] A mount- 
 Or-lan'do. [Tent.] Same as 
 
 Rov^^LAND. [It. form.] 
 6s'€ar. [Celt.] Bounding 
 
 warrior. 
 Og'mond, HO. H.Ger.] Pro- 
 6s'mund- ) tection of God. 
 5|'wald. [0. H. Ger.] Power 
 
 of God. 
 
 Ow'en. [Celt.] Lamb ; other- 
 wise^ young warrior. 
 
 Patrick. [Lat.] Noble ; a 
 patrician. 
 
 Paul. [Lat.] Little. [Paul. 
 
 Pau-irnus. [Lat.] Same as 
 
 Pe'leg. [Ileb.] Division. 
 
 Per'e-gnne. [Lat.] A stran- 
 ger. 
 
 Pe'ter. [Gr ] A rock. 
 PhMan'der. [Gr.] A lover of 
 men. 
 
 Phi-le'moa. [Gr.] Loving ; 
 
 friendly. [horses. 
 PhiPip. [Gr.] A lover of 
 Phin'e-as, HUeb.] Mouth 
 Phm'e-has. ) of brass 
 Pi'us. [Lat.] Pious ; dutiful. 
 PoPy-earp. [Gr.] Much fruit. 
 Pre-serv'ed. [Kng.] He- 
 deemed ; saved. 
 
 Reu'ben. [Heb.] Behold, a 1 
 son. 1 
 Reu'el. [Heb.] Priendof God. , 
 Rgyn'old. [0. H. Ger.] The , 
 
 same as Reginald. I 
 Rich'ard. [0. H. Ger.] Hich- 
 
 hearted ; powerful. 
 Il6b'ert. [0. H. Ger.] Bright 
 
 in fame. 
 R6d'er-i€, \ [0. H. Ger.] 
 Rod'er-ick. ) Rich in fame. 
 Bo'dolph, I [0. H. Ger.] 
 Bo-d61'phus. ) Famous 
 
 ■wolf, or hero. 
 Rog'er. [0. H. Ger.] Fa- 
 mous with the spear. 
 Haaand. [0. H. Ger.] Same 
 
 as Rowland. [Fr. form.] 
 Rowland. [0. H. Ger.] Fame 
 
 of the land. 
 Ru'dolph, ) [0. H Ger.] 
 Kii-dSPphus. ) Variations 
 
 of RODOLPHUS. [haired. 
 Ru'fus. [Lat.] Red; red- 
 Ru'pert. [0. H. Ger.] Same 
 
 as ROBERT. 
 
 s. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quin'tin. [Lat.] The fifth. 
 
 R. 
 
 Balph (m En?r. often pron. 
 rif.) [0. H. Ger.] Same as 
 RODOLPHTis. [ingofGod. 
 R3,ph'a-el. [Heb.] Theheal- 
 Bel'i-nald. [0. H. Ger.] 
 Strong ruler 
 
 SaPmon. [Heb.] Shady. 
 Sam'son, J [Heb.] Splendid 
 Samp'son. ) sun ; i. e., great 
 
 joy and felicity. 
 Sam'u-el. [Heb.] Heard of 
 
 God •, asked for of God. 
 Si-ul. [Heb.] Asked for. 
 Se'ba. [Heb.] Eminent. 
 Se-b^s'tian (-biist/yan). [Gr.] 
 
 Venerable ; reverend. 
 Se-re'no, \ [Lat.] Calm; 
 Se-re'nus. ) peaceful. 
 S6th. [Heb.] Appointed. 
 Sig'is-mund. [0. H. Ger.] 
 
 Conquering protection. _ 
 SPlas. [Lat.] A contraction 
 of SiLVANUS. [a wood. 
 Sil-va'nus. [Lat.] Living in 
 Sil-v6saer. [Lat.] Bred m 
 
 the country ; rustic. 
 Sim'e-on, ) [Heb.] Hearing 
 SPmon. ) with acceptance. 
 S6Po-mon. [Heb.] Peaceable. 
 Ste'phen (stc^vn). [Gr.] A 
 I crown. 
 SvPvan, 1 The same as 
 Syl-va'nus. j Silvanus. 
 Syl-v6s'ter. The same as 
 
 SfLVESTER. 
 
 Thad'de-'as. [Syr.] ThewiF«. 
 The'o-bald {formerly tib/- 
 
 ald). [0. H. Ger.] Bold for 
 
 the people. 
 The'o-dore. [Gr.] The gift 
 
 of God. 
 
 The-6d'o-ri€. [A.-S.] Power- 
 ful among the people. 
 
 The-oph'i-lns. [Gr.] A lover 
 of God. 
 
 The'ron. [Gr.] A hunter. 
 
 Thom'as (torn/as). [Heb.] A 
 twin. " [God. 
 
 Tim'o-thy. [Gr.] Fearing 
 
 TPtus. [Gr.] (Uncertain.) 
 
 To-bPah, ) [Heb.] Distin- 
 
 To-bPas. j guished of the 
 I Lord. 
 
 I Tris'tam, ) [Lat.] Grave ; 
 
 Tris'tram. ) pensive ; mel- 
 ancholy ; sorrowful ; sad. 
 
 Tyb'alt. [0. H. Ger.] A con- 
 traction of Theobald. 
 
 u. 
 
 U-lys'se§. [Gr.] A hater. 
 •O'r'ban. [Lat.] Of the town; 
 
 courteous : polished. 
 TJ-rPah. [Heb.] Light of the 
 Lord. i^^^^^^' 
 tT'ri-an. [Dan.] A husband- 
 tT'ri-el. [Heb.] Light of God. 
 
 V. 
 
 VaPen-tme. [Lat.] Strong; 
 
 healthy ; powerful. 
 Vi€'tor. [Lat.] A conqueror. 
 Vin'gent. [Lat.] (Conquering. 
 Viv'i-an. [Lat.] Lively. 
 
 WaPter. [0. H. Ger.] RulinR 
 the host. 
 
 WilPiam. [0. H. Ger.] Reso- 
 lute helmet, or, helmet of 
 resolution ; defense ; pro- 
 
 Win'frgd. [A.-S.] Win-peace. 
 
 Z&b'di-eL [Heb.] Gift of 
 God. 
 
 Diroii}^ I U.IX-L . • . —7 ^ 
 
COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES. 327 
 
 Za€-«lie'us. [Ileb.] Inno- 
 cent ; pure. 
 
 Zach^a-ri'ah, \ [Heb.] Re- 
 
 Z^€h'a-ry. ) memberedof 
 the Lord. 
 
 Za'dok. [Heb.] Just. 
 
 Z6b^a-dl'ah, ) [Heb.] Gift of 
 Z6b'e-dee. I the Lord. 
 Z6€h/a-ri'ah. [Ueb.] Same 
 
 as Zachariah. 
 Zgd^e-ki'ah. [Ueb.] Justice 
 
 of the Lord. 
 
 Ze-16'te§. [Gr.] A aealot. 
 Ze'nas. [Gr.] Gift of Ju- 
 piter. 
 
 Z6ph/a-nPah. [Ueb.] Hid of 
 the Lord. 
 
 II. NAMES OF WOMEN. 
 
 A. 
 
 Ab'i-gail (ab/i-gel). [Heb.] 
 
 My father's joy. 
 Aeh'sa. [Heb.] Anklet. 
 A'da. [0. H. Ger.] Same as 
 
 Edith. Jas Adeline. 
 Ad'a-line. [0. H. Ger.j Same 
 Ad'e-la. [0. H. Ger.] Same as 
 
 Adeline, [as Adeline. 
 Ad'e-laide. [0. H. Ger.] Sake 
 A-de'li-a [0. H. Ger.] X 
 
 variation of Adela. 
 Ad/e-li'na, j [0. H. Ger.] Of 
 Ad'e-llne. j noble birth; a 
 
 princess, 
 Ag'a-tha. [Gr.] Good ; kind. 
 
 rAg'ne§. [Gr.] Chaste; pure. 
 Al'e-the'a. [Gr.] Truth. 
 APex-an'dra, I [Gr.] 
 APex-an-dri'n^. j Feminine 
 
 of Alexander. 
 Al'ige, ) [0. H. 
 
 A-liQ'i-a (-Hsha-). j Ger.] 
 
 Same as Adeline. 
 Al-mi'ra. [Ar.] Lofty ;' a 
 
 princess. 
 Al-tlie'a. [Gr.] A healer; 
 Am'a-bgl. [Lat.] Lovable; 
 
 amiable. [to be loved. 
 
 A-mS>n'da. [Lat.] Worthy 
 A me'li-a (or a-meeFya). [0. 
 
 H. Ger.] Busy; energetic. 
 A'my. [Lat.] Beloved. 
 An-gel'i-ea, j [Gr.] Lovelf ; 
 An^ge-li'na. ) angelic. . 
 Ann, ) [Heb.] Grace ; — t"he 
 An'i^a, [ same as H4N- 
 Anne. ) nah. j 
 An-nei*e'. [Heb.] A valua- 
 tion of Anne. [Fr. form.] 
 An'toi-nette'. [Gr.] Dim. 
 of Antonia. [Fr. fortn.] 
 
 An-to'ni-a, ) [Lat.] Inesti- 
 An^o-ni'na. j mable. 
 Ar'a-b^l'la. [Lat.] A fair 
 altar ; otherwise, an Arabian 
 _ woman. [ofARlADNE. 
 A'ri-S-n'a. [Gr.] A corruption 
 Au-gus'ta. [Lat.] Feminine 
 "of AUGUSTUS. 
 
 Au-re'li-a {or aw-reePya). 
 "■[Lat.] Feminine of AURE- 
 •LIUS. 
 
 Au-ro'ra. [Lat.] Morning 
 redness ; fresh ; brilliant. 
 
 I ^- 
 
 :^ar'ba-ra. [Gr.] Foreign ; 
 
 ■ strange. 
 
 tee'a-triQe, ) [Lat.] Making 
 Be'a-trix. j happy. 
 Be-lm'da. {Uncertain.) - 
 ^er'tha. [0. H. Ger.] Bright. 
 Bet'sey. [Heb.] A corruption 
 ^f Elizabeth. 
 
 BrMg'et. [Celt.] Strength. 
 
 \ c. 
 
 Ca-iiiPla. [Lat.] Attendant 
 
 at asacrilBce. 
 ■ear'oi-lme. [0. H. Ger.] Fem- 
 
 ininjb of Carolus, the Latin 
 
 of piarles. [Fr. form.] 
 •€as-san'dra. [Gr.] She who 
 
 inflames with love. 
 •€§,tli^a-ri'na, ) 
 •€atH'a-rIne, [ [Gr.] Pure, 
 ■eath'er-me. ) 
 Qe-^il'i-a, I [Lat.] Feminine 
 Ce^i-ly. ) of Cecil. 
 Q^Hes'tine. [Lat.] Heavenly. 
 
 ge'li-a (or seeFyS). [Lat.] 
 Feminine of CaSLius. [It. 
 form.] 
 
 Ch^r'i-tj^. [Eng.] Love. 
 
 ghar'lotte. [0. H. Ger.] Fem. 
 of Charles. [blooming. 
 
 •Ghlo'e. [Ger.] A green herb; 
 
 ■ehris^ti-an'a, I [Gr ] Fem. 
 
 €hris-ti'na. j of Chris- 
 t I anus, Lat. for Christian. 
 
 giQ'e-ly. [Ljit.] A corruption 
 of Cecilia. [trious. 
 
 €iar'a. [Lat.] Bright; illus- 
 
 ■eiar'ige, ) [Lat.] A varia- 
 
 ■eia-ris'sa. } tion of Clara. 
 
 ■€lau'di-a. [Lat.] Feminine 
 oif Claudius. 
 
 ■eiem^en-ti'na, ) [Lat.] Mild; 
 
 ■eiem'en-tine. ) gentle. 
 
 ■eSn'stange. [Lat.] Firm ; 
 constant. 
 
 ■eo'ra. [Gr.] Maiden; — an- 
 other form of CORINNA. 
 
 ■Gor-de'li-a {or -deePya). 
 [Lat.] Warm-hearted. 
 
 •€o-rm'na. [Gr.] Maiden. 
 
 ■eor-ne'li-a (or -neel'ya). 
 [Lat.] Feminine of Corne- 
 lius. [Mt. Cynthus. 
 
 Qyn'thi-a. [Gr.] Belonging to 
 
 D. 
 
 Deb'o-rah. [Heb.] A bee. 
 De'li-a (or deel^ya). [Gr.] Of 
 Delos. 
 
 Dl-an'a. [Lat.] Goddess. 
 Di'nah. [Heb.] Judged. 
 Do'ra. [Gr.] A contraction 
 
 of Dorothea. 
 Dor'cas. [Gr.] A gazelle. 
 Do-rin'da. [Gr.] Same as 
 
 Dorothea. 
 
 son, 8r, do, wglf, too, tdbk ; to, rije, p\ill ; 9, soft; -e, g, hard; ag ; exist ; c ng ; tiiis. 
 
328 COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAIMES. 
 
 DSr^o-the'a, 
 D6r'o-thy. 
 
 [Gr.] The gift 
 : of God. 
 
 E. 
 
 E'dith. [0. H. Ger.] Happi- 
 ness ; otherwise, rich gift. 
 Ed'na. [Heb.] Pleasure. 
 £l'e-a-nor, I [Gr.] Light ; — 
 El'i-nor. j the same as 
 
 Helen. 
 E-Hs'a-beth, ) [Heb.] Wor- 
 E-liz^a-beth, \ shiper of God ; 
 E-li'za. ) consecrated to 
 
 God. [of Eleanor. 
 
 El'la. [Gr.] A contraction 
 El'len. [Gr.] A diminutive 
 
 of Eleanor. 
 El-vl'ra. [Lat.] T\Tiite. 
 £m'e-line, ) [0. H. Ger.] 
 £m'me-line. ) Energetic ; 
 
 industrious. 
 £m'i-ly. [0. H. Ger.] Same 
 
 as Emeline. 
 Sim'ma. [0. H. Ger.] Same 
 
 as Emeline. 
 Er'nes-fine. [Ger.] Femi- 
 nine and dim. of Ernest. 
 Esther les^ter). [Per.] A 
 
 Ftar ; good fortune, 
 fith'el. [0 H. Ger.] Noble ; 
 of noble birth ; — the same i 
 as Adela. I 
 fith'e-lmd, ) [Teut.] Noble 
 Eth/e-lin'da. ) snake. 
 Eu-d5'ra. [Gr.] Good gift. 
 Eu-ge'ni-a. [Gr.] Eemiume 
 
 of Eugene. 
 Eu-ge'me [Gr.] Same as 
 
 Eugenia. [Fr. form.] 
 Eu'niQe. [Gr.] Happy tIc- 
 tory. [report. 
 Eu-phe'mi-a. [Gr.] Of good 
 E'va. [Heb.] Life. 
 E-van'ge-line. [Gr.] Bring- 
 ing glad news. 
 Eve. [Heb.] Same as Eva. 
 fiv^e-li'na, ) [Heb.] Diminu- 
 £v'e-line. i tive of Eva. 
 [It. form.] 
 
 Ean'ny. [Ger.] A diminutive 
 
 of Frances. 
 Eaus-ti'na. [Lat.] Lucky. 
 Ee-lic'i-a (fe-lish/i-a). [Lat.] 
 
 Happiness. 
 
 n-de'li-a (or -deeFya). [Lat.] 
 
 Faithful. 
 F15'ra. [Lat.] Flowers. 
 Flor'enge. [Lat.] Blooming; 
 
 flourishing. [Francis. 
 rran'Qe§. [Ger.l Feminine of 
 Fred'er-Pca. [0. H. Ger.] 
 Feminine of FREDERICK. 
 
 G. 
 
 Geor/gi-an'a, I [Gr.] Femi- 
 6e6r-gi'na. j nine of 
 George. [Gerald. 
 Ger'al-dme. Feminine of i, — , , 
 
 Ger'trude. [0. H. Ger.] i J6'§e-phiiie. J 
 
 Spear-maiden. [heroine. SEPH. 
 Gri-seFda. [Teut.] Stone- Joy^e. [Lat.] Sportive, 
 uribCiua L J Ju'dith. [Heb.] Praised, 
 
 H. 
 
 Jan'et (m Eng.). [Heb.] 
 Dim. of JANE. 
 Jaq'ue-line. [Heb.] Femi- 
 nine of James. [Fr . form.] 
 Jean, ) [Heb.] Same 
 
 Jeanne, } as Jane or 
 Jean-nette'. ) Joan. [Fr. 
 forms.] 
 
 Je-mi'ma. [Heb.] A dove. 
 Je-ru'sha. [Heb.] Possessed; 
 
 married. 
 Joan (jpn), j rj^^^^ 
 Jo-an'na, mneof John. 
 Jo-han'na. ) 
 
 Jo-se'pha, I [Heb.] Femi- 
 nine of Jo- 
 
 Han'nah. 
 
 as ANNA 
 Har'ri-et, 
 Har'ri-ot, 
 
 [Heb.] The same 
 
 \ [Per.] 
 ] The 
 
 Feminine 
 
 Honor- 
 
 [O.H.Ger.] Fem- 
 inine and dimin- 
 utive of Henry. 
 
 Hen/ri-et'ta. [0. H. Ger.] 
 Feminine and diminutive of 
 HENRY. [Fr. form.] 
 
 Heph'zi-bah. [Heb.] My de- 
 light is in her. 
 
 Hes'ter 
 
 Hes'ther (hes/ter). 
 
 same as ESTHER 
 Hi-la'ri-a. [Lat.] 
 
 of Hilary. 
 Ho-n5'ra, \ [Lat.] 
 Ho-no'ri-a. I able. 
 Hor-ten'si-a (hor-ten/shi-a). 
 
 [Lat.] A lady gardener. 
 Hul'dah. [Heb.] A weasel. 
 
 I. 
 
 I'da. [0. H. Ger.] Godlike. 
 I'nez. [Gr.] Same as Agnes. 
 
 [Portuguei^e form.] 
 I-re'ne. [Gr.] Peaceful. 
 Is'a-bel, ) [Heb.] The same 
 Ig^a-bel'la. j asELizABETH. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jane. [Heb.] Feminine of 
 John ; — same as JOANNA. 
 Ja-n6t' [in Scot. & U. S.), 
 
 Jul'i-a (or jul/ya). [Lat.] Fem- 
 inine of JULIUS. 
 Juai-an'na. [Lat.] Feminine 
 
 of Julian. 
 Ju'li-et. [Lat.] Diminutive 
 
 of JULIA. [Fr. form.] 
 Jus-ti'na. [Lat.] Feminine 
 of JUSTIN. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kath'a-rine, ) [Gr.] The 
 Kath'er-ine. ) same as 
 
 Catharine. 
 Ke-tu'rah. [Heb.] Incense. 
 Ke-zi'ah. [Heb.] Cassia. 
 
 Lau'ra. [Lat.] A laurel. 
 
 Lau-rm'da. [Lat.] A varia- 
 tion of LAURA. 
 
 La-vm'i-a. [Lat.] Of Latium. 
 
 Le/o-n5'ra. [Gr.] The same 
 as Eleanor. 
 
 Le-ti'ti-a (le-tish/i-a). [Lnt.] 
 Happiness. [Letitia. 
 
 Let'tige. A corruption of 
 
 Lo'is. [Gr.] Good ; desirable. 
 Lou-i'ga, \ [0. H. Ger.] F. m- 
 Lou-ise'. ) inine of LoT i?. 
 Lu'ci-a (-shi-a). [Lat.] tSume 
 
 as Lucy. [It. form ] 
 Lu-Qin'da. [Lat.] Same as 
 
 Lucy. 
 
 Lu-ere'ti-a (-kro/shi-). [Lat.] 
 Gain ; ot/ienvise, light. 
 
 TITiXs ,^>f^ '1'^'' all, wh^t ; £re, viil, term ; p .que, firm ; 
 
COMMON ENGLISH CHRISTIAN NAMES. 329 
 
 Lu'gy. [I^at.] Feminine of 
 
 Lucius. 
 Lyd'i-a. [Gr.] A native of 
 
 Lydia, in Asia Minor. 
 
 M. 
 
 Ma'bel. [Lat.] A contraction 
 
 of AMABEL. 
 
 Mad'e-llne. [Ueb.] Same as 
 Magdalene. [Fr. form.] 
 
 Mag'da-lene [properly uulg^- 
 da-lG'ne). [Ileb.] Belong- 
 ing to Magdala. 
 
 Mar-gel'la. [Lat.] Feminine 
 of Marcellus. 
 
 Mar'ci-a (-shi-). Feminine 
 of Marcius. 
 
 Mar'ga-ret. [Gr.] A pearl. 
 
 Ma-ri'a. [Ueb.] The same 
 as Mary. [Lat. form.] 
 
 Ma^ri-anne'. [Ueb.] A com- 
 pound of Mary and Anne. 
 
 Mar'i-on. [Ileb.] A French 
 form of Mary. 
 
 Mar'tha. [Ileb.] The ruler of 
 the house ; otherwise^ sor- 
 rowful ; melancholy. 
 
 Ma'ry. [Ileb.] Bitter; o«/i^r- 
 wise^ their rebellion ; or star 
 of the sea. 
 
 Ma-thiKda (-tiP-), ) [0. H. 
 
 Ma-tiFda. ) Ger.] 
 
 Mighty battle-maid. 
 
 Maud. A contraction of MA- 
 THILDA, or of Magda- 
 lene. 
 
 May. The month of May, or 
 
 a diminutive of Mary. 
 Me-het'a-bel, ) [Ueb.] Bene- 
 Me-hit'a-ble. ) fitedofGod. 
 Mel'i-gent. [Lat.] Sweet 
 
 singer ; otherwise [Teut.], 
 
 work -strength. 
 Me-lis'sa. |Gr.] A bee. 
 Mil'dred. [Ger.] Mildthreat- 
 
 ener. 
 
 Mi-ran'da. [Lat.] Admirable. 
 Mir'i-am. [Heb.] Same as 
 Mary. [or laments. 
 
 My'ra. [Gr.] She who weeps 
 
 N. 
 
 KSn'Qy. A familiar form of 
 
 ANNE. 
 
 No'ra. A contraction of Ho- 
 NORA, and of LEONORA 
 
 n I Sib'yl, ) [Gr.] A prophet 
 
 ^' \ Si-byl'la. ) ess. 
 
 0€-ta'vi-a. [Lat.] Feminine \ So-phi'a. [Gr.] Wisdom. 
 
 of OCTAVIUS. 
 
 ^}yi^ . ![Lat.] An olive. 
 0-liv'i-a. j 
 
 0-pbe'li-a (or o-feel'ya). [Gr.] 
 
 Serpent. 
 0-lym'pi-a. [Gr.] Heavenly. 
 
 Pau-li'na, ) [Lat.] Feminine 
 Pau-line'. ) of Paul i nus. 
 Pe-n61'o-pe. [Gr.] A weaver. 
 Phe'be. [Gr.] The same as 
 PHCEBE. [of Philip. I 
 PhMip'pa. [Gr.] Feminine 
 Phoe'be. [Gr.] Pure ; radi- 
 ant, [bough. 
 PhyPlis. [Gr.] A green 
 P61'ly. [Eng.] A variation of 
 Molly, from Mary. [old. 
 Pris-Qil'la. [Lat.] Somewhat 
 
 R. 
 
 Ra'chel. [Ileb.] A ewe. 
 E,e-be€'€a, I [Ileb.] Of en- 
 Re-bek'ah. j chanting 
 beauty. 
 
 Rho'da (roMa). [Gr.] A rose. 
 
 Il5'§a. [Lat.] A rose. 
 
 R6§'a-b61, I [Lat.] A fair 
 
 Ros/a-bel'la. ) rose. 
 
 Ro-sa'li-_a, ) [Lat.] Little and 
 
 E6§'a-lie. ) blooming rose. 
 [Fr. and It. forms.] 
 
 R6s'a-lind. [Lat.] Beauti- 
 fiil as a rose. 
 
 R6s'a-niond. [Teut.] Horse- 
 protection ; i. e.j famous 
 protection. [day. 
 
 Rox-an'a. [Per.] Dawn of 
 
 Ruth. [Heb.] Beauty. 
 
 [Gr.J Of a 
 
 s. 
 
 [Lat.] 
 
 A Sabine 
 
 Sa-bi'na. 
 
 woman. 
 Sa-lome' (properly sa-lo''me). 
 [Heb.] Peaceful. 
 
 i^^th.^Heb.] A princess. 
 Se-li'na. [Gr.] Parsley ; 
 
 othericise, moon. 
 Se-re'na. [Lat.] Feminine Ze-no'bi-a. 
 
 So-phro'ni-a. 
 
 sound mind. 
 Stel'la. [Lat.] A star. 
 Steph'a-na. [Gr.] Feminine 
 
 of Stephen. 
 Su'san, ) 
 Su-san'na, [ [Heb.] A lily. 
 Su-§aii'nah. ) 
 
 T. 
 
 T&b'i-tha. [Syr.] A gazelle. 
 The'o-do'ra. [Gr.] Feminine 
 
 of THEODORE. 
 
 The/Q-do'gi-a (-do^zhi-aj. 
 [Or.] Gift of God. 
 
 The-re'sa. [Gr.] Carrying 
 ears of com. 
 
 Thom'a-sa (torn/-), ) [Heb.] 
 
 Th6m'a-§me. j Femi- 
 nine of 'J IIOMAS. 
 
 Try-phe'na. [Gr.] Delicate; 
 luxurious. [ous ; dainty. 
 
 Try-ph6'§a. [Gr.] Luxuri- 
 
 u. 
 
 tJl'ri-ea. [0. H. Ger.] Bich. 
 U-ra'ni-a. [Gr.] Heavenly ; 
 
 — name of one of thf Wu?e8. 
 t5'r'su-la. [Lat.] She-bcir. 
 
 V. 
 
 Va-le'ri-a. [Lat.] Feminine 
 
 of Valerius. 
 Vi€-t6'ri-a. [ Lat.] Victory ; 
 
 feminine of A'icTOR. 
 Vi'o-la. [Lat.] A violet. 
 Vir-gin'i-a. [Lat.] Virgin ; 
 
 pure. 
 
 Viv'i-an. [Lat.] Lively. 
 
 w. 
 
 Wn/hel-mi'na. [0. H. Ger.] 
 Feminine of Wilhelm, 
 German of William. 
 Wm'i-fred. [Teut.] A lover 
 of peace. 
 
 of Sere nus or Sereno. 
 
 life from Jupiter. 
 
 z. 
 
 [Gr.] Haling 
 
 85n, or, dQ, w(?lf, too, tdbk ; Qm, rije, pi^ll ; g, soji; €, g, hard; aj ; exist \ n 05 ng ; 
 
 thi3. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 (See page xii.) 
 
 A. 1 
 
 o., or @. i-^d.) To or at 
 a. or ad. {Ana., Gr, ava.) 
 
 ^In med. , Of each the same 
 
 quantit3^ 
 A. A. G. Assistant Adjutant 
 
 General. 
 A. A. S. [Academi^e Amer- 
 icans Socius. ) Fellow of the 
 
 American Academy. 
 A. B. (Artium Baccalaureus.) 
 
 Bachelor of Arts. 
 A. B. C. F. M. American 
 
 Board of Commissioners for 
 
 Foreign Missions. 
 Abp. Archbishop. 
 A. C. [Ante Christum.) Before 
 
 ■ Christ. 
 Acc. or Acct. Account. 
 Act., or act. Active. 
 A. D. {Anno Domini.) In the 
 
 year of our Lord. 
 Ad lib. {Ad libitum.) At 
 
 pleasure. 
 Adm. Admiral. 
 Admr. Admiiii.^trator. 
 Admx. Administratrix. 
 
 or Mt. {JEtatis.) Of age ; 
 
 aged. 
 
 Al.^ or Ala. Alabama. 
 
 A. M. {Artium Ma^ister.) 
 Master of Arts. — ( Ante 
 Meridiem.) Before noon. 
 
 Amer. American. 
 
 Amt. Amount. 
 
 Anon. Anonymous. 
 
 Am. Answer. 
 
 Apr. April. 
 
 Ark. Arkansas. 
 
 Asst. Assistant. 
 
 A. U. C. {Ab Urbe Condi tfi.) 
 In the year from the build- 
 ing of the city, i. e., Rome. 
 
 Aug. August. 
 Av. Avenue. 
 
 B. 
 
 h. born. 
 
 B. A. British America ; 
 Bachelor of Arts. 
 
 Bart., or Bl Baronet. 
 (330) 
 
 Bbl. Barrel, barrels. 
 B. C. Before Christ. [Law, 
 B. C. L. Bachelor of Civil 
 B. D. Bachelor of Divinity. 
 Bd. Bond ; Bound. 
 Bk. Bank ; Book. 
 B. L. Bachelor of Laws. 
 Bl. Barrel. 
 Bp. Bishop. 
 Br., or Bro. Brother. 
 Brig. Brigade; Brigadier. 
 Brig.' Gen. Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral. 
 
 Brit. Britain ; British. 
 
 C. {Centum.) A hundred; 
 Cent. 
 
 Cal. California ; — ( Calendx.) 
 
 Calends. 
 Cant. Canticles. 
 Capt. Captain. 
 Cat. Catalogue. 
 Cath. Catholic. 
 C. A. S. { Connecticuttensts 
 
 Academim Socix.) Fellow of 
 
 the Connecticut Academy. 
 C. C. P. Court of Common 
 
 Pleas. 
 
 C. E. Canada East; CItU 
 
 Engineer. 
 Cent. { Centum.) A hundred. 
 Cf. or cf. { Confer.) Compare. 
 C. H. Court-liouse ; Custom- 
 
 Ilouse. 
 Cli. Church ; Chapter. 
 Chap. Chapter. 
 Chron. Chronicles. 
 C. J. Chief .Justice. 
 I Cld. or eld. Cleared. 
 I C. M. Common Meter. 
 Co. Company ; County. 
 C. O. D. Cash (or Collect) 
 
 on Delivery. 
 Col. Colonel; Colosaians. 
 Coll. College; Collector. 
 Comp. Compare ; Compara- 
 tive : Compound. 
 Con. { Contra.) Against; In 
 
 opposition. 
 Con., or Cr. Contra; Credit. 
 
 Conn., Con., or Ct. Connec- 
 ticut. 
 
 Const. Constable; Constitu- 
 Cor. Corinthians. [tion. 
 Cor. Mem. Corresponding 
 Member. [retary. 
 Cor. Sec. Corresponding Sec- 
 Cos. Cosine. 
 
 C. P. Court of Probate ; 
 Common Pleas. 
 
 Cr. Credit; Creditor. 
 
 Crim. Con. Criminal Con- 
 versation, or Adultery. 
 
 C. S. Court of Sessions.— 
 {Custos Sigilli.) Keeper of 
 the Seal. 
 
 Ct. Connecticut ; Count ; 
 Court. [A hundred. 
 
 Ci., or ct. Cent. — ( Centum.) 
 
 Cts., or cts. Cents. 
 
 C. W. Canada West. 
 
 Cwt., or cwt. {h&t. Centum, 
 a hundred, and English 
 weight. ) A hundred weight. 
 
 Cyc. Cyclopaedia. 
 
 D. 
 
 jD., or d. {Denarius or de- 
 narii.) A penny, or pence. 
 Dan. Danish; Daniel. 
 
 D. C. District of Columbia. 
 — {Da Capo.) Again, or 
 From the beginning. 
 
 D. C. L. Doctor of Civil (or 
 Canon) Law. 
 
 D. D. {Divinitatis Doctor.) 
 Doctor of Divinity. 
 
 Dea. Deacon. 
 
 Dec. December. 
 
 Deft., or deft. Defendant. 
 
 Del. Delaware ; Delegate. 
 
 Del. {Delineavit.) He (or 
 she) drew it;— prefixed to 
 the draughtsman's name. 
 
 Dep. Deputy ; Department. 
 
 Dept. Department ; Depo- 
 nent. 
 
 Deut. Deuteronomy. 
 D ft., or d ft. Defendant. 
 D. G. {Dei Gratia.) By the 
 grace of God. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 331 
 
 Diet. Dictionary. 
 J). 31. Doctor of Music. 
 Do., or do. {Ditto.) The 
 same. 
 
 DoLs., or dels. Dollars. 
 
 Doz., or doz. Dozen. 
 
 Dr. Debtor; Doctor; Dram. 
 
 Dwt. (Lat. Denarius and 
 English weight.) Penny- 
 weight 
 
 E. 
 
 Fr. France ; French. 
 
 F. R. G. Fellow of the 
 
 Royal Geographical Society. 
 
 Fri. Friday. [Society. 
 
 F. R. S. Fellow of the Uo\ al 
 
 F. R. S. E. Fellow of the 
 Royal Society, Edinburgh. 
 
 F. R. S. L. Fellow of the 
 Royal Society of Literature. 
 
 F. S. A. Fellow of the So- 
 ciety of Arts. 
 
 Ft., or ft. Foot, feet ; Fort. 
 
 J. H. S. {lesus [or Jesus] 
 Hominum Salvator.) Jesus 
 the Savior of Men. 
 
 111. Illinois. 
 
 In. Inch, inches. 
 
 Ind. Indiana. 
 
 incog, {incognito.) Unknown. 
 In Urn. (In limine.) At the 
 outset. 
 
 /. N. R. I. {lesns [or Jesus] 
 Nazarenus, Rex ludsco- 
 rum [or Judxorum ] . ) J esus 
 of Nazareth, King of the 
 
 inst. Instant. [Jews. 
 
 lo. Iowa. 
 
 I. O. O. F. Independent 
 Order of Odd Fellows, [as. 
 ?:. q. (idem quod.) The same 
 Is., or Isa. Isaiah. 
 It.\oT Ital. Italian ; Italic. 
 
 J. 
 
 /. Judge. 
 
 J. A. Judge Advocate. 
 
 Jan. January. 
 
 /. C. Jesus' Christ. 
 
 /. C. D. (Juris Cirilis Doc- 
 tor.) Doctor of Civil IjSlw. 
 
 J. D. (Juru7n Doctor.) Doc- 
 tor of Laws. 
 
 Jer. Jeremiah. 
 
 J. P. Justice of the Peace. 
 
 /. Frob. Judge of Probate. 
 
 Jr., or jr. Junior. 
 
 /. U. D. (Juris Utri usque 
 Doctor.) Doctor of Both 
 Laws (i. e., the Canon and 
 the Civil Law.) 
 
 Jud. Judith. 
 
 Judg. Judges. 
 
 Jun., Junr. Junior. 
 
 K. 
 
 K. King. 
 
 Kan. Kansas. 
 
 K. C. King's Council. 
 
 K. C. B. Knight Comman- 
 der of the Bath. 
 
 Ken., or Ky. Kentucky. 
 
 K. G. C. Knight of the 
 Grand Cross. 
 
 Ki. Kings. 
 
 Knt.,ov Kt. Knight. 
 
 Ky. Kentucky. 
 
 Ii. 
 
 L. Lady ; Latin ; Lord. 
 
 East; Earl. 
 EcgL, or Eccles. Ecclesiastes ; 
 
 Ecclesiastical. 
 Ecclus. Ecclesiasticus. 
 Ed. Editor ; Edition. 
 E. E. Errors excepted ; Ells 
 
 EngUsh. [example. 
 e. g. (exempli gratia.) For 
 E. I. East Indies, or East 
 
 India. 
 
 E. I. C. East India Company. 
 E. Lon. East longitude. 
 E. N. E. East-North-East. 
 Eng. England ; English. 
 Eph. Epliesians ; Ephraim. 
 Esd. Esdras. 
 E. S. E. East-South-East. 
 Esq. , or Esqr. Esquire. 
 Esth. Esther. 
 
 et al. (et alibi.) And else- 
 where. — (et alii, or alia;.) 
 And others. 
 
 Etc., etc., or ^c. (Et cxteri, 
 cxterse, or cxtera.) And 
 others ; and so forth ; and 
 the like. 
 
 et seq. (et sequ^ntes, or et 
 sequentia. ) And the follow- 
 ing. 
 
 Ex. Example ; Exodus. 
 Exec. , or Exr. Executor. 
 Execx. Executrix. 
 Exod. Exodus. 
 Ez., or Ezr. Ezra. 
 Ezek. Ezekiel. 
 
 F. 
 
 Fahr. Fahrenheit. 
 
 F. A. S. Fellow of the So- 
 ciety of Arts. 
 
 Feb. February. 
 
 Fee, or fee. (Fecit.) He (or 
 she) did it. 
 
 Flor. Florida. 
 
 Fo., or Fol. Folio. 
 
 G. 
 
 Ga. Georgia. 
 
 Gal. Galatians. 
 
 Gal., or gal. Gallon, gallons. 
 
 G. B. Great Britain. 
 
 G. C. B. Grand Cross of the 
 Bath. 
 
 Geti. Genesis ; General 
 Gent. Gentleman. 
 Geog. Geography. 
 Gov. Governor. 
 Gr. Greek ; Gross. 
 Gr., or gr. Graiu, grains. 
 
 H. 
 
 H. , or h. Hour, hours. 
 Hub. Habakkuk. 
 Hag. Haggai. 
 
 H. B. M. His (or Her) Bri- 
 tannic Majesty. 
 
 Hebr. Hebrew ; Hebrews. 
 
 if. E. I. C. Honorable East 
 India Company. 
 
 H/id , or lilid. Hogshead. 
 
 H. I. H. His (or Her) Im- 
 perial Highness. 
 
 H. M. S. His (or Her) Maj- 
 esty's Steamer, Ship, or 
 Service. 
 
 Ho)i. Honorable. 
 
 Hos. Ilosea. 
 
 H. R. House of Represent- 
 atives. 
 
 H. R. E. Holy Roman Em- 
 pire. 
 
 H. R. H. His (or Her) Roy- 
 al Highness. 
 Hand. Hundred. 
 
 I. 
 
 la. Indiana. [same place. 
 lb., Ibid. (Ibidem.) In the 
 Id. (Idem.) The same. [is. 
 /. e., or i. e. (Id est.) That 
 
832 
 
 L., lb., or 113. {Libra.) ^ A 
 pound, in weight. [ling. 
 
 L.,/., ov £. A pound ster- 
 
 La. Louisiana. 
 
 Lam. Lamentations. 
 
 Lat. Latin. 
 
 Lat.,OTlat. Latitude. 
 
 Lb., lb., or lb. [Libra.) A 
 pound in weight. 
 
 L. C. Lower Canada. 
 
 C. c. Lower case. — [loco cita- 
 to.) In the place before 
 cited. 
 
 L. C. J. Lord Chief Justice. 
 Ld. Lord. 
 
 Lea., or lea. League. 
 Lev. Leviticus. 
 L. I. Long Island. 
 Lieut., or Lt. Lieutenant. 
 LL.B. {Legum Baccalaureus.) 
 Bachelor of Laws. 
 (SJr^The initial letter is 
 doubled to signify the plural. 
 LL.D. {Legurn Doctor.) Doc- 
 tor of Laws. 
 Lon., Long. Longitude. 
 Lou., or La. Louisiana. 
 Lp.: or Lr/p. Lordship. 
 L. S. {Locus Sigilli.) Place 
 
 of the Seal. 
 L. S. D., or I. s. d. {Libra, 
 Solid i. Denarii.) Pounds, 
 Shilhngs, Pence. 
 Lt. Lieutenant. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. Marquis ; Monsieur. — 
 
 ( Mille. ) Thousand. — { Me- 
 ridies. ) Meridian , or noon. 
 
 M.,orm. Mile, miles. 
 
 M. A. Master of Arts. 
 
 Mac, or Mace. Maccabees. 
 
 Maj. Major. 
 
 Maj.-Gen. Major-General. 
 Mai. Malachi. 
 Mar. March. 
 
 JVIa.s.s., or Ms. Massachusetts. 
 
 Matt. Matthew. 
 
 M. B. { Mfdicinm Baccalaure- 
 us. ) Bachelor of Medicine. 
 
 M. C. Member of Congress. 
 
 M. D. [Medicime Doctor. 
 Doctor of Medicine. 
 
 Md. Maryland. 
 
 Mdlle. Mademoiselle. 
 
 M. E. Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 Me. Maine. 
 
 Mem. Memorandum. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 Messrs., or MM. {Messieurs.) 
 Gentlemen ; Sirs. 
 
 Meth. Methodist. 
 
 Mi. Mississippi. 
 
 Mic. Micah. 
 
 Midi. Michigan. 
 
 Mm., or 7riin. Minute, mm- 
 
 Minn. Minnesota. [utes. 
 
 Miss. Mississippi. 
 
 Mile. Mademoiselle. 
 
 MM. Their Majesties.— {3fes- 
 sievrs. ) Gentlemen. See 
 LL.B. 
 
 Mme. Madame. 
 
 Mo. Missouri. 
 
 Mo., or wo. Month. 
 
 Mon. Monday. 
 
 Mons. Monsieur, or Sir. 
 
 Mos., or mos. Months. 
 
 M. P. Member of Parlia- 
 ment. 
 
 Mr. Master, or Mister. 
 
 M. R. L Member of the 
 
 Royal Institution. 
 Mr^s. Mistress, or Missis. 
 MS. Manuscript. 
 MSS. Manuscripts. 
 Mt. Mount, or Mountain. 
 Mus. D., Mk.s. Doc.,ot Mus. 
 Doct. Doctor of Music. 
 
 N.. North. 
 
 N. , or n. Noun ; Neuter. 
 N. A. North America. 
 Nah. Nahum. 
 Naut. Nautical. 
 N. B. New Brunswick. — 
 {Nota Bme.) Note well, or 
 take notice. 
 1 N. C. North Carolina. 
 I N. E. North-East ; New 
 England. 
 Neb. Nebraska. 
 Neh. Nehemiah. 
 Nem. Con,. {Nemine Contra- 
 dicente.) No one contra- 
 dicting ; unanimously. 
 Nem.. Diss. {Nemine Dissen- 
 
 tiente. ) No one dissenting. 
 Neut., or neift. Neuter. 
 JV. F. Newfoundland. 
 ) JV. H. New Hampshire. 
 iV. J. New Jersey. 
 JV Lat. North Latitude. 
 JV. N. E. North-North-East, 
 N. N. W. North-North-West, 
 JVo., or no. {Numero.) Num 
 ber 
 
 Non Pros., or Non pros. 
 { Non Prosequitur). He does 
 not prosecute ; — a judg- 
 ment entered against the 
 plaintiff when he does not 
 appear to prosecute. 
 
 Non seq., or non seq. {Non 
 sequitur.) It does not fol- 
 low. 
 
 Nos., or nos. Numbers. 
 
 JVot'. November. 
 
 JV. P. New Providence; No- 
 tary Public. 
 
 JV. S. Nova Scotia; New 
 Stvle (since 1752). 
 
 JV. f. New Testament. 
 
 Num., or Numb. Numbers. 
 
 JV. W. North-West. 
 
 N. Y. New York. 
 
 O. Ohio. 
 
 Ob.,ov ob.{ Obiit.) Died. 
 Obad. Obadiah. 
 Obt., or Obdt. Obedient. 
 Oct. October. 
 Olym. Olympiad. 
 Or. Oregon. 
 
 O. S. Old Style (previous to 
 1752). 
 
 O. T. Old Testament. 
 
 Oz., or oz. Ounce, or ounces. 
 
 |^== The z is here used to 
 represent the character , 
 anciently an abbreviation for 
 terminations. 
 
 P. 
 
 P. , or p. Page ; Part ; Pipe. 
 Pa. Pennsylvania. 
 Pass. , or pass. Passive. 
 Pd. Paid. 
 
 P. E. I. Prince Edward 
 
 Island. 
 Penn. Pennsylvania. 
 Per an., or per an. {Per aru 
 
 'num. ) By the year. 
 Per cent., per cent., Per ct ., or 
 
 per ct. {Per centum.) By the 
 
 hundred. 
 Ph. D. { Ph ilosoph ix Doctor. ] 
 
 Doctor of Philosophy. 
 Phil. Phihppians; Philemon. 
 Phila. Philadelphia. 
 Pinx. , or Pxt. {Pinxit.) He 
 
 (or she) painted it. 
 Pk., or pk. Peck. 
 Plff. Plaintiff. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 333 
 
 P.M. Post-Master. —(Po5? 
 
 Meridiem . ) Afternoon. 
 P. O. Post-Office. 
 Pus., pas., Pass., or poss. 
 
 Possessive. 
 pp. Pages. See LL.B. 
 Pph., or pph. Pamphlet. 
 Pres. President. 
 Prof. Professor. 
 Pro tern., or pro tern. {Pro 
 
 tempore.) For the time 
 Prov. Proverbs. [being. 
 Prox. { Proximo. ) Next. 
 P. -S". [Post scriptiim.) Post- 
 P5., Psalm, or Psalms, [script. 
 Pt. Pint; Point; Port. 
 Pwt.^ or pwt. Pennyweight. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Q. Question, [tion; Queen. 
 
 Q., or Qii. Query ; Ques- 
 
 Q. C. Queen's Council. 
 
 Q. d. ( Quasi dicat.) As if he 
 should say. 
 
 Q. E. D. ( Quod Erat Demon- 
 strandum.) Which was to 
 be demonstrated. [General. 
 
 Q. M. G. Quartermaster- 
 
 Qr., or qr. Quarter (28 
 pounds) ; Farthing ; Quire. 
 
 Qt. , or (jt. Quart : Quantity. 
 
 Q. V. , or q. v. ( Quod vide. ) 
 Which see. 
 
 Qy. Query. 
 
 R. 
 
 R. A. Royal Academy, or 
 Academician. 
 
 R. E. Royal Engineers. 
 
 Rec. Sec. Recording Secre- 
 tary. 
 
 Rev. Revelation; Revolu- 
 tion ; Review ; Revenue ; 
 Reverend. 
 
 R. I. Rhode Island. 
 
 R. N. Royal Navy. 
 
 Royn. Roman : Romans. 
 
 Rom. Cath. Roman Catholic. 
 
 R. R. Railroad. 
 
 Rt. Hon. Ripjht Honorable. 
 
 Rt. Rev. Right Reverend. 
 
 S. 
 
 S. South; Shilling. 
 S. A. South America. 
 Sam. Samuel. 
 Sat. Saturday. 
 i& a South Carolina. 
 
 Sc., or Sculp. {Sculpsit.) He 
 (or she) engraved it. 
 
 Sc/i., or Schr. Schooner. 
 
 Scit., or Sc. ( Scilicet. ) To wit ; 
 
 S. E. South-East. [namely. 
 
 Sec. Secretary. 
 
 Sec, or sec. Second ; Section. 
 
 Sen. Senate ; Senator ; Senior. 
 
 Sep., or Sept. September. 
 
 Serv., or Servt. Servant. 
 
 S. H. S. (Societatis Histo- 
 risB Socius. ) Fellow of the 
 Historical Society. [Court. 
 
 S. J. C. Supreme Judicial 
 
 S. Lat. South Latitude. 
 
 Sid., or sld. Sailed. 
 
 ^. M. Short Meter. 
 
 Soc. Society. 
 
 Sq. ft. , or 57. ft. Square feet. 
 
 Sq. in., or sq. in. Square 
 inches. [miles. 
 
 Sq. m., or sq. m. Square 
 
 SS., or ss. (Scilicet.) Name- 
 ly. —( S'fwr.s.) Half. 
 
 S. S. E. South-South-East. 
 S. W. South-South-West. 
 
 St. Saint ; Street ; Strait. 
 
 S. T. D. [SarrfB Theologix 
 Doctor.) Doctor of Divin- 
 itv. 
 
 5. r. P. {Sacrie Theologix 
 Professor. ) Professor of 
 Theology. 
 
 Su.,oT Sun. Sunday. 
 
 Subj., or subj. Subjunctive. 
 
 Supt. Superintendent. 
 
 Surg. Surgeon ; Surgery. 
 
 5. W. South-West. 
 
 T. 
 
 Ten., or Tenn. Tennessee. 
 
 Tex. Texas. 
 
 Thess. ThessalonianS. 
 
 T/iurs. Thursday. 
 
 Tim. Timothy. 
 
 Tit. Titus. 
 
 Tr. Transpose. 
 
 Tw., or Tues. Tuesday. 
 
 U. 
 
 U. C. Tipper Canada. 
 
 Tilt., or ult. {Ultimo.) Last, 
 
 or of the last month. 
 U. S. United States. 
 U. S. A. United States of 
 
 America ; United States 
 
 Army. 
 
 U. S. M. United States Mail ; 
 United States Marine. 
 
 U. S. N. United States Navy. 
 U. S. V. United States Vol- 
 unteers. 
 U. T. Utah Territory. 
 
 V. 
 
 V. Verb ; Verse. 
 
 V. a., or V. a. Verb active. 
 
 Va. Virginia. 
 
 Vice Pres. Vice President. 
 
 Vid., or vid. ( Vide.) Sep. 
 
 F/5., or Vise. Viscount. 
 
 Viz., or viz. {Videlicet.) 
 
 Namely ; To wit. [See Note 
 
 under Oz.] 
 V. n.,or V. n. Verb neuter. 
 Vol., or vol. Volume. 
 V. R. { Victoria Regina.) 
 
 Queen Victoria. 
 Vs., or vs. { Versus.) Against, 
 
 or In opposition. 
 Vt. Vermont. 
 
 w. 
 
 W. "West; Welsh. 
 
 Wed. Wednesday. 
 
 W. I. West Indies. ^ 
 
 Wis. , or Wise. ,. V yyg . 1 1. 
 
 W. Lon. West i^ongitude. 
 
 IF. Va. West Virginia. 
 
 ir. N. W. AVest-North-West. 
 
 W. S. W. West-South-West. 
 
 Wt., or wt. Weight. 
 
 X. 
 
 X., or Xt. Christ. 
 Xmas. Christmas. 
 
 Y. 
 
 Yd'., or yd. Yard, 
 ye, or The. 
 
 (51^^ The y in this abbre- 
 viation is a corrupt represen- 
 tation of the Anglo-Saxon p. 
 or th, introduced at the time 
 when the Anglo-Saxon alpha- 
 bet was superseded b}^ the 
 Old English or Black Letter, 
 in which g (7/) bore a consid- 
 erable resemblance in form to 
 
 V- 
 
 z. 
 
 Zach. Zachary. 
 Zech. Zechariah. 
 Zeph. Zephaniah. 
 Zool. Zoology. 
 
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC., 
 
 FROM 
 
 THE GEEEK, THE LATIN, AND MODEEN FOEEIGN LANGUAGES, 
 
 NOTE.— L. Latin; Fr. French ; Ji. Italian; 5;?. Spanish ; Gr. Greek. 
 
 A. 
 
 A ia Frangaise. [Fr.] After 
 the French mode ; — la 
 mode, in fashion ; — PA71- 
 glaise, after the Eughsh 
 fashion. 
 
 A fortiori, [h.] With stronger 
 reason; — mensd et thoro, 
 from bed and board ; —pos- 
 teriori, from the effect to the 
 cause ; —;?r/ori, from the 
 cause to the effect; — -ym- 
 culo matrimonii^ from the 
 tie of marriage. 
 
 AbandoL ,1 Disregard of 
 self, or of appearances . 
 
 Ab extra. [L.] From Vvithout ; 
 
 — initio, from the begin- 
 ning ; — intra, from within ; 
 
 — U710 disce omnes, from 
 one learn all; from a sin- 
 gle instance infer the whole. 
 
 Ad eimdem (sc. gradum). [L.] 
 To the same degree ; — /i07ni- 
 nem, to the man ; that is, to 
 his interests and passions ; 
 
 — infinitum, to infinity ; — 
 interim, in the mean while ; 
 
 — libitum, at pleasure ; — 
 nausram, to disgust. 
 
 Adscriptus glebie. [L.] Be- 
 longing or attached to the 
 soil. 
 
 Agenda. [L.] Things to 
 done. 
 
 Alere Jlammam. [L.] To feed 
 the llame. 
 
 Alis volat propriis. [L.] She 
 flies witii her own wings ; — 
 motto of Oregon. [come. 
 
 AUons. [Fr.] Let us go; 
 
 Alma motrr. [L.] A foster- 
 ing mother. 
 
 Alter ego. [L.l Another self. 
 
 (334) 
 
 I Amende honorable. [Fr.] Sat 
 
 isfactory apology. 
 I Amour propre. [Fr.] Self- 
 love ; vanity. 
 Anglicc. [L.] According to the 
 
 English manner. 
 Anno xtatis sux. [L.] In the 
 year of his or her age ; — 
 Cliristi, in the year of 
 Christ ; — Domini, in the 
 year of our Lord ; — mundi, 
 in the year of the world ; — 
 urbis conditx, in the year 
 the city (Rome) was built. 
 Ante bellum. [L.] Before the 
 ^ar ; — meridiem ^ before 
 noon. 
 
 Appui. [Fr.] Point of support. 
 Aqua vitx. [L.] Brandy ; 
 
 spirit ; alcohol. 
 Arbiter elegantiarum. [L.] An 
 umpire in matters of taste. 
 Argument um ad hominem. 
 [L.] An argument deriving 
 its force from the situation 
 of the person to whom it is 
 addressed. [artist's room. 
 Atelier. [Fr.] A workshop, or 
 Aucontraire. [Fr.] On the con- 
 trary : — fait, well instruct- 
 ed ; 'expert ; — revoir, adieu 
 intil we meet again. 
 
 Basbleu. [Fr.] A blue-stocking. 
 
 Bmumnnde. [Fr.] The fash- 
 ionable world. 
 
 Beaux esprits. [Fr.] Gay spir- 
 its ; men of wit. [mind. 
 
 Bel esprit. [Fr.] A brilliant 
 
 Bni trovato. [Tt.] Well found ; 
 a happy invention. 
 
 Betenoir. [Fr.] A bugbear. 
 
 Bijou. [Fr.] A jewel. 
 
 Billetdoux. [Fr.] A love-letter. 
 
 Bizarre. [Fr.] Odd ; fantastic. 
 
 Blase. [Fr.] Pallid ; surfeited ; 
 rendered incapable of con- 
 tinued enjoyment. 
 
 Bona fide. [L.] In good faith. 
 
 Bon bon. [Fr.] A sugar-plum ; 
 — jour, good day; good 
 morning ; — 5a/r,goodeven- 
 iug- 
 
 Bonhomie. [Fr.] Good-natured 
 simplicity. 
 
 Boulevard. [Fr.] A public 
 walk or street occupying the 
 site of demolished fortifica- 
 tions. 
 
 BouLeversement. [Fr.] An 
 overturning ; subversion. 
 
 Bourgeois. [Fr.] A man of 
 middle rank in society. 
 
 Bourgeoisie. [Fr.] Middle 
 classes of society ; traders. 
 
 Brochure. [Fr.] A pamphlet. 
 
 Brusque. [Fr.] Rude; blunt. 
 
 Brutum fulmen. [L.] A harm- 
 less thunderbolt. 
 
 Caco'dthes loquendi. [L.] A 
 
 rage for speaking ; —scnben- 
 
 di\ an itch for scribbhug. 
 Cxteris paribus. [L.] Other 
 
 things being equal. 
 Ca,fc. [Fr.] A coffee-house. 
 Calcche. [Fr.] A half-coach 
 
 or calash. 
 Canaille. [Fr.] The rabble. 
 Cantatrice. [It.] A female 
 
 professional singer. 
 Caput mortuum. [L.] The 
 
 worthless remains. 
 Casus belli, [h.] That which 
 
 involves or justifies war. 
 Catalogue raisonne. [Fr.] A 
 
PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC. »35 
 
 WORDS, 
 
 catalopjue of books arranged 
 
 according to their subjects. 
 Caveat emptor. [L.] Let the 
 
 buyer beware. 
 Chapenu has. [Fr.] Hats off ; 
 
 — bras^ a military cocked 
 
 hat. 
 
 Charge affaires. [Fr.] An 
 inferior diplomatic repre- 
 sentative at a foreign court. 
 
 Charivari. [Fr.] A mock sere- 
 nade of discordant music. 
 
 Chateaux en Espagne. [Fr.] 
 Castles in Spain, the land 
 of romance ; castles in the 
 air. [piece. 
 
 Chef-WcEUvre. [Fr.] A master- 
 
 Chcre amie. [Fr.] A dear 
 friend ; a mistress. 
 
 Chevalier d'' Industrie. [Fr.] 
 One who lives by persever- 
 ing fraud. [former. 
 
 Ci-devant. [Fr.] Formerly ; 
 
 Circa, or Circiter. [L.] About. 
 
 Citoyen. [Fr.] A citizen ; a 
 burgher. 
 
 Coiffeur. [Fr.] A hair-dresser. 
 
 Comme il faut. [Fr.] As it 
 should be. 
 
 Compos mentis. [L.] Of a 
 sound mind. 
 
 Con amore. [It.] With love ; 
 earnestly. 
 
 Confrere. [Fr.] A brother ; an 
 associate. 
 
 Conge d^elire. [Fr.] A leave 
 to elect. 
 
 Contretemps. [Fr.] An awk- 
 vy^ard mishap or accident. 
 
 Conversazione. [It.] A meet- 
 ing of company for conver- 
 sation. 
 
 Cordon sanitaire. [Fr.] Aline 
 of troops to prevent the 
 spreading of pestilence. 
 
 Corps diplomatique. [Fr.] A 
 diplomatic body. 
 
 Corpus delicti. [L.] The sub- 
 stance or foundation of the 
 ofiFense. 
 
 Corrigenda. [L.] Typograph- 
 ical errors to be corrected. 
 
 Coup d'^etat. [Fr.] A stroke of 
 policy in public affairs ; — de 
 grace., a finishing stroke ; — 
 de main, a sudden enterprise 
 or effort ; — de soleil, a 
 stroke of the sun. 
 
 Crescite, et midtiplicamini. 
 [L.] Grow, or increase, and 
 
 multiply ; — the motto of i 
 
 Maryland. 
 Crevasse. [Fr.] A deep crevice ; 
 
 a breach. 
 Crimen Ixsx majestatis. [L.] 
 
 Iligh treason. 
 Crux criticorum. [L.] The 
 
 puzzle of critics ; — mathe- 
 
 maticorum, the puzzle of 
 
 mathematicians. 
 Cui bono ? [L.] For whose 
 
 benefit? Colloquially, but 
 
 erroneously, of what use? 
 Cuisine. [Fr.] A kitchen ; 
 
 cookery. 
 Cum grano salis. [L.] With 
 
 a grain of salt; with some 
 
 allowance ; — privilegio, 
 
 with privilege. 
 Currente calamo. [L.] With a 
 
 running or rapid pen.^ 
 Custos rotulorum. [L.] Keeper 
 
 of the rolls. 
 
 D. 
 
 De gustibus non est dispu- 
 tandiim. [L.] There is no 
 disputing about tjistes ; — 
 jure, from the law ; by 
 right ; — mortuis nil nisi 
 bonum, say nothing but 
 good of the dead; — novo, 
 anew ; — profundis^ out of 
 the depths. 
 
 Be trop. [Fr.] Too much, or 
 too many ; not wanted. 
 
 Dei gratia. [L.] By the grace 
 of God. 
 
 Demimonde. [Fr.] Disrepu- 
 table female society ; aban- 
 doned women. 
 
 Deo gratias. [L.] Thanks to 
 God ; — volente, Gi^d \rilling. 
 
 Dernier ressort. [Fr.] Arlast 
 resource. 
 
 Deus ex machina. [L.] A god 
 coming down from the 
 staging (of a theater) ; an 
 unexpected and fortunate 
 occurrence. 
 
 Diesirx. [L.] Day of wrath; 
 
 — non, a day on which 
 judges do not sit. 
 
 Dieu dafend le droit. [Fr.] 
 God defends the right ; — et 
 mon droit, God and my 
 right. 
 
 Dirigo. [L.] I direct or guide ; 
 
 — the motto of Maine. 
 
 I Disjecta membra. [L.] Scat- 
 tered limbs or remains. 
 ' Distingue. [Fr.] Distinguish- 
 ed ; eminent. 
 Distrait. [Fr.] Absent in 
 
 thought. 
 Dolce far niente. [It.] Sweet 
 doing-nothing ; sweet idle- 
 ness. 
 
 Doitiinus vobiscum. [L.] Tho 
 
 Lord be with you. 
 Double entente. [Fr.] Double 
 meaning ; a play on words. 
 Douceur. [Fr.] A bribe. 
 Dramatis personx. [L.] Char- 
 acters represented in a 
 drama. 
 
 Dulce et decorum est pro pa- 
 tria mori. [L.] It is sweet 
 and honorable to die for 
 one's country. 
 Dum vivimus, vivamus. [L.] 
 
 While we live, let us live. 
 Durante beneplacito. [L.] 
 During good pleasure ; — 
 vita, during life. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eau de vie. [Fr.] Water of 
 
 life ; brandy. 
 Ecce homo. [L.] Behold the 
 man ; — applied specifically 
 to any picture representing 
 the Savior given up to the 
 people by Pilate, and wear- 
 ing the crown of thorns. 
 E pluribus unum. [L.] One 
 out of many ; one composed 
 of many ; — the motto of the 
 United States. 
 Editio princeps. [L.] The first 
 
 edition. 
 jSgalite. [Fr.] Equality. 
 :^lcve. [Fr.] A pupil ; a foster 
 child. 
 
 :Elite. [Fr.] A choice or select 
 . body of persons. [tion. 
 SlQge. [Fr.] A funeral ora- 
 jSmeute. [Fr.] A riot; a mob. 
 Employe. [Fr.] One who is 
 
 employed. 
 En arriere. [Fr.] In the rear ; 
 — famille, in a domestic 
 state ; — passant, in pass- 
 ing ; by the way ; — rapport, 
 in a condition or relation 
 of S3'mpathy ; in a condition 
 to admit of free communica- 
 1 tion; — route, on the way. 
 
36 
 
 WORDS, PHEASES, PROVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Enceinte. [Fr.] Pregnant. 
 Enfans perdus. [Fr.] Lost 
 
 children; a forlorn hope. 
 Ense petit placidam sub Liber- 
 tate quietem. [L.] With the 
 sword she seeks quiet peace 
 under liberty ; — the motto 
 of Massachusetts. . 
 Entente cordiale. [Fr.] Evi- 
 dences of good will, ex- 
 changed by the chief persons 
 of two states. [ourselves. 
 Entre nous. [Fr.] Betvveen 
 Entree. [Fr.] Entry; first 
 
 course at table. 
 Entrepot. [Fr.] A bonded 
 
 warehouse ; a free port. 
 Ergo. [L.] Therefore. 
 Esprit de corps. [Fr.] The 
 animating spirit of a collec- 
 tive body. [perpetual. 
 Esto perpetua. [L.] Let it be 
 Et cum spiritu tuo. [L.] And 
 with thy spirit \—id genus 
 omne, and every thing of 
 the sort ;—sic de simdibus, 
 and so of the like;— 
 Brute! and thou also, 
 Brutus! , . X 
 
 Eureka (evprjKa, hu-re/ka.) 
 [Gr ] I have found it ; — the 
 motto of California. 
 Exanivio. [L.] Heartily; — 
 cathedra, from the bench; 
 with high authority ; — qf- 
 Jicio, by virtue of his office; 
 —parte, on one side only; 
 — pede Herculem, we recog- 
 nize a Hercules from the 
 size of the foot ; that is, m'c 
 judge of the whole from the 
 specimen -—post facto, after 
 the deed is done. 
 Excelsior. [L.] Higher; more 
 elevated ; — the motto of 
 New York. 
 E.rrerpta. [L.] Extracts. 
 Exempli gratia. [L.] By way 
 
 of example. 
 Exeunt 07vnes. [L.] All gof^ut. 
 Expose. [Fr.] An exposition. 
 
 F. 
 
 Facile princeps. [L.] Evident- 
 ly pre-eminent ; the admit- 
 ted chief. 
 
 Faubourg. [Fr.] A suburb.^ 
 
 Fauleuil. [Fr.] An easy chair. 
 
 Faua: pas. [Fr.] A false step. 
 
 Fecit. [L.] He made it. 
 Femmecouverte. [Fr.] A mar- 
 ried woman ; — de diambre, 
 a chambermaid. 
 Festina lente. [L.] Hasten 
 slowly. [festival. 
 Fete champctre. [Fr.] A rural 
 Feu de joie. [Fr.] A firing of 
 guns in token of joy; a 
 bonfire. 
 Feuilleton. [Fr.] Bottom part 
 of a French newspaper, 
 separated by a fine from the 
 rest, and devoted to hght 
 literature, criticism, &c. 
 Fiacre. [Fr.] A hack. 
 Fidei defensor. [L.] Defender 
 of the faith. ^ . 
 
 Fille de chambre. [Fr.] A 
 chambermaid ; — de joie, a 
 prostitute. 
 Flagrante bello. [L.] During 
 hostilities ; — delicto, in the 
 commission of the crime. 
 Fortlter inre.^ [L.] With firm- 
 ness in acting. 
 Friseur. [Fr.] A hair-dresser. 
 Fuit Ilium. [L.] Troy has 
 
 been. . 
 Fusillade. [Fr.] A simultane- 
 ous discharge of fire-arms. 
 
 G, 
 
 Gallicd. [L.] In French. 
 Gargon. [Fr.] A boy, or a 
 waiter. 
 
 Garde du corps. [Fr.] A body 
 guard; — mobiU, a guard , 
 liable to genesftl service. 
 
 Genius loci. WA The genius 
 of the pl^ tPolice. 
 
 Genf^d'njhes- \^^-'\ ^rmed 
 
 GloriciWexceUis. [L.] Glory 
 tO'jPM in the highest; — 
 v£.n, glory be to the 
 Father. 
 
 VvZ>Qi trc-avToi/ ( Gnothi seau- 
 ton). [Gr.] Know thyself. 
 
 H. 
 
 Haud passibus xquis. [L.] 
 
 Not with equal steps. 
 Haut gout. [Fr.] High flavor; 
 
 fmc or elegant taste. 
 Haute nouveautc. [Fr.] A 
 
 great novelty. 
 Hicetubique. [L.] Here and 
 
 everywhere ; — jacet, here 
 
 lies ; — labor, hoc opus e.^*, 
 this is labor, this is work. 
 Hoc age. [L.] Dothis; — an- 
 no, in this year.; — ^oco, in 
 this place ; — tempore, at 
 this time. 
 Honi soit qui mal y pense. 
 [Fr.] Shame on him who 
 evil thinks. 
 Hora c sempre. [It.] It is 
 
 always time. 
 Hors de combat. [Fr.] Out of 
 
 condition to fight. 
 Humanum est errare. [L.j 
 To err is human. 
 
 I. 
 
 Ichdien. [German.] I serve. 
 Id est. [L.] That is ; — ge- 
 nus omne, all of that sort. 
 Imprimatur. [L.] Let it bo 
 printed ; — a license to print 
 a book, &c. 
 Improvvisatore. [It.] Anim- 
 
 promptvi poet. 
 Improvvisatrice. [It.] An im- 
 promptu poetess. 
 Inseternum. [L.] Forever", 
 
 articulo mortis, at the 
 
 point of death ; - commen- 
 dam, in trust; — cwna, m 
 the court ; — equilibrw^m 
 equilibrium ; — esse, m be- 
 ing • — extremis, at the 
 point of death;— fagrante 
 delicto, taken in the fact; 
 — formct pauperis, as a poor 
 man; — foro conscrentix, 
 before the tribunal of con- 
 science ;— /««wro, m fu- 
 ture ; henceforth ; — hoc sig- 
 no rinces, in this sign or 
 under this standard, thou 
 Shalt conquer ; — limine, at 
 the threshold ; — ^oco, in 
 the proper place ; — loco pa- 
 rentis, in the place of a pa- 
 rent • — medias res, into the 
 midst of things, or affairs ; 
 — medio tutissimus ibts, 
 you will go most safely m 
 the middle ; — memonam, 
 in memory; — nubibus, la 
 the clouds ; — perpetuum, 
 forever ; —./^o.-^.s^ in possible 
 existence ; —7^''o/^'-'« P^rso- 
 n&,m person ;—puris natw^ 
 ralibus, quite naked ; — re, 
 in the matter of; — rem. 
 
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC. 337 
 
 against the thing ; — sxculd, 
 sxculorum^ for ages on ages ; 
 — situ, in its original situa- 
 tion; — statu quo, in the 
 former state ; — terror tm, as 
 a warning ; — to to, in the 
 whole ; entirely ; — totidem 
 verbis, in so many words ; — 
 transitu, on the passage ; — 
 usum Delphi ni, for the use 
 of the Dauphin ; — utrum- 
 que paratus, prepared for 
 either eyent; — vacuo, in 
 empty space ; — verba ma- 
 gistri jurare, to swear to, 
 or by, the words of another ; 
 to adopt opinions on the au- 
 thority of another ; — vino 
 Veritas, there is truth in 
 wine. 
 
 Infanta. [Sp.] A princess of 
 the blood royal in Spain 
 and Portugal. 
 
 Infante. [Sp.] Any son of 
 the king, except the eldest, 
 or heir apparent. 
 
 Insouciance. [Fr.] Indiffer- 
 ence ; carelessness. 
 
 Inter alia. [L.] Among other 
 things ; — nos, between our- 
 selves. 
 
 Invito, Minerva. [L.] Without 
 
 genius. [said it. 
 
 Ipse dixit. [L.] He himself 
 Ipsissima verba. [L.] The 
 
 very words. 
 Ipso facto. [L.] In the fact 
 
 itself; — jure, by the law 
 
 itself. 
 
 J. 
 
 Je ne sais quoi. |Tr.] I know 
 
 not what. 
 Jeu de mots. [Fr.] A play on 
 
 words ; a pun ; — esprit, a 
 
 witticism. 
 Jupiter tonans. [L.] Jupiter 
 
 the thunderer. 
 Jure divino. [L.] By divine 
 
 law ; — humano, by human 
 
 law. 
 
 Jus civile. [L.] Civil law; 
 — divinum, divine law; — 
 et norma loguendi^ the law 
 and rule of speech ; — gen- 
 tium, law of nations. 
 
 Juste milieu. [Fr.] The gold- 
 en mean. 
 
 Labor ipse voluptas. [L.] La- 
 bor itself is pleasure ; — om- 
 nia vincit, labor conquers 
 every thing. 
 
 Laissez faire. [Fr.] Let alone. 
 
 Lapsus lingux. [L.] A slip 
 of the tongue. 
 
 Laus Deo. [L.] Praise to 
 God. 
 
 Le beau monde. [Fr.] The 
 fashionable world ; — diable 
 boiteux, the lame devil ; — 
 roi le veut, the king wills 
 it ; — roi s''avisera, the king 
 will consider or deliberate. 
 
 Lese majestc. [Fr.] Iligh 
 treason. 
 
 Vctoile du nord. [Fr.] The 
 star of the north ; — the 
 motto of Minnesota. 
 
 Lettre de cachet. [Fr.] A 
 sealed letter ; a royal war- 
 rant. 
 
 Lex non scripta. [L.] The 
 common law ; — scripta, 
 statute law ; — talionis., the 
 law of retaliation. 
 
 Liaison. [Fr.] An alliance ; 
 an illicit connection, [trial. 
 
 Lite pendente. [L.] During 
 
 Loco citato. [L.] In the 
 place cited. 
 
 Locum tenens. [L.] A depu- 
 ty or substitute ; a proxy. 
 
 Locus in q^o. [L.] The place 
 in which ; -^sigilli, place of 
 the seal. 
 
 Longo intervalt'- [L.] By or 
 with long inte* • 
 
 Lucus d non iuct,. ^ [L.] 
 A jeu d'' esprit in etymology, 
 which, assuming that 1,'cus, 
 a dark wood or grove, is de- 
 rived from the verb lucere. 
 to shine, supposes it must 
 be d non lucendo, from its 
 not being light. 
 
 Lusus naturx. [L.] A sport 
 or freak of nature. 
 
 M. 
 
 Made virtute. [L.] Proceed 
 in virtue. [faith. 
 Ma fois. [Fr.] Upon my 
 Magnum opus. [L.] A great 
 work. 
 
 Magnus Apollo. [L.] Great 
 
 Apollo ; one of high author- 
 ity. 
 
 Maitre de hotel. [Fr.] A 
 
 house-steward. 
 Maid propos. [Fr.] Ill-timed. 
 Malgrc nous. [Fr.] In spite 
 
 of us. [itself. 
 Malum in se. [L.] Bad in 
 Mare clausum. [L.] A closed 
 
 sea ; a bay. 
 Materiel. [Fr.] Materials or 
 
 instruments employed ; op- 
 posed to personnel. 
 Mauvais goflt. [Fr.] Bad 
 
 taste ; — honte^ false mod- 
 
 esty. 
 
 Me judice. [L.] I being judge. 
 
 Melange. [Fr.] A medley. 
 
 Melee. [Fr.] A hand-to- 
 hand fight ; a riot. 
 
 Memento mori. [L.] Remem- 
 ber death. 
 
 Memorabilia. [L.] Things 
 to be remembered. 
 
 Mens sayia in corpore sano. 
 [L.] A sound mind in a 
 sound body. 
 
 Mesalliance. [Fr.] Improper 
 association ; marriage with 
 one of lower station. 
 
 Meum et tuum. [L.] Mine 
 and thine. 
 
 Mirabile dictu. [L.] Won- 
 derful to be told; — visu, 
 wonderful to be seen. 
 
 Mittimus. [L.] We send; — 
 a writ to commit an offend- 
 er to prison. 
 
 Modus operandi. [L.] Man- 
 ner of operation. 
 
 Montani semper liberi. [L.] 
 Mountaineers are always 
 freemen ; — the motto of 
 West Virginia. 
 
 Monumentum sere perennius. 
 [L.] A monument more 
 durable than brass. 
 
 M f^ tjji.'!(]ri in parvo . [L.] Much 
 iiii\Vtle. 
 
 MutdXs mutandis. [L.] The 
 necessary changes being 
 made. 
 
 Mutato nomine. [L.] The 
 name being changed. 
 
 ]sr. 
 
 Naive. [Fr.] Having native 
 or unaffected simplicity. 
 
338 
 
 WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC. 
 
 NalveU. [Fr.J Native sim- 
 plicity. 
 
 JVe pZM5 ultra. [L.] Nothing 
 further ; — quid nimis, not 
 any thing too much or too 
 far ; — sutor ultra crepidarrij 
 let not the shoemaker go 
 beyond his last. 
 Me. [Fr.] Bom ; as, Madame 
 de Stael, nee (that is, whose 
 maiden name was) Necker. 
 Negligee. [Fr.] An easy, un- 
 ceremonious attire ; undress. 
 Ifemine contradicente. [L.] 
 No one speaking in opposi- 
 tion ; — dissentiente^ no one 
 dissenting. 
 Nemo me impune lacessit. 
 [L.] No one wounds me 
 with impunity ; — the mot- 
 to of Scotland. 
 Nil admirari. [L.] To won- 
 der at nothing ; — desperan- 
 c/im, never despair. 
 Nimporte. [Fr.] It matters 
 not. 
 
 Noblesse oblige. [Fr.] Rank 
 imposes obligation; much 
 is rightly expected of one of 
 high birth or station. 
 
 Nolens volens. [L.] Whether 
 he will o» not. [touch me. 
 
 Noli me tan^ere. [L.] Don't 
 
 Nolle prosequi. [L.] To be 
 unwilling to proceed. 
 
 Nom de plume. [Fr.] A pen 
 name ; an assumed title ; — 
 de guerre J a war name ; a 
 traveling title; a psendo 
 nym. . 
 
 Non compos mentis. [h.] 
 Not in sound mmd ; — est 
 inventitSj he has not by«fi 
 found ; — obstante^ not^lth- 
 Btanding : — !<,nu:s. -}fior^r, 
 I shall not wholly die ; — 
 sequitur, it ioes not follow i, 
 an unv.ai-ranted cr;;^"iu- 
 sion ' I 
 
 Nosce 'fiipsum. [L.^l^now 
 thyself. 
 
 Noia bene. [L.] Mark well. 
 
 Noubliez pas. [Fr.] Don't 
 forget. [s<?e. 
 
 Nous verrons. [Fr.] We sh;ill 
 
 Novushomo. [L.] Anewm ni. 
 
 Nuance. [Fr.] Shade ; gi-.ua- 
 tion ; tint. 
 
 '^udum pactum. [L.| A con- 
 tract made Without any con 
 
 sideration, and therefore 
 Toid. [or never. 
 
 Nunc aut nunquam. [L.] Now 
 
 Obiit. [L.] He, or she, died. 
 Obsta principiis. [L.] Re- 
 sist the first beginnings. 
 Odium theologicum. [L.] The 
 
 hatred of theologians. 
 Ohe! jam satis. [L.] 0, 
 
 now there is enough. 
 Ot iroAXot (Hoi polloi). [Gr.] 
 
 The many ; the rabble. 
 Omnia vincit amor. [L.] 
 Love conquers all things ; — 
 vincit labor, labor over- 
 comes all things. 
 On dit. [Fr.] They say ; 
 
 flying rumor. 
 Onus probandi. [L.] The 
 
 burden of proving. 
 Ora e semi)re. [It.] Now 
 and always. [us. 
 Ora pro nobis. [L.] Pray for 
 Orerotundo. [L.] With round, 
 
 full voice. 
 O! si sic omnia. [L.] O 
 that he had always done or 
 spoken thftis. 
 O temporal O mores! [L.] 
 0 the times 0 the jjaan- 
 ners! ^ / 
 
 Otium cum digmtat^ 
 Ease with dignity^ignified 
 leisure, jf _ 
 
 Oubliette/^ [FryW)tmgeon of 
 
 Oui^r/ 7^.] Hearsay 
 ''^ ^ ' 
 
 an Ml^r-M 
 
 c] A workman ; 
 
 P. 
 
 Papier mhchc'\ [Fr.] Chewed 
 or mashed jjiiper ; a hard 
 sul^tancp nade of a pulp 
 from raji- ; jr paper. 
 
 Par ey^rp'e. [Fr.] For ex- 
 ample : — excellence., by way 
 of eminence. 
 
 Van passu. [L.] With equal 
 pace. 
 
 Par nobile fratrum. [L.] A 
 noble pair of brothers ; two 
 just alike. [of honor. 
 
 Parole d'honneur. [Fr.] Word 
 Particeps criminis. [L.] An 
 accompUce. 
 
 Parvenu. [Fr.] An upstart ; 
 
 one newly risen into notice. 
 Pas d pas. [Fr.] Step by step. 
 Passe, [fr.] Past; out of 
 
 use ; faded ; worn out. 
 Passe-partout. [Fr.] A mas- 
 ter-key. [liver pie. 
 Pate de foie gras. [Fr.] Goose- 
 Paterfamilias. [L.] The fa- 
 ther of a family. 
 Pater noster. [L.] Oir' fa- 
 ther ; the Lord'-' prayer : — . 
 patriXy father cf hi ' tnintry. 
 Patois. [Ft.] -tTiUiect of ttio 
 
 lower cList 
 Patres conscripti. [L.] Con- 
 script fathers ; the Roman 
 senators. j|* 
 Perofivi. [L.] Ihav%sinn&d. 
 Peine forte et dure. [Fr.] 
 Strong and severe punish- 
 ticnt. [likirg. 
 Penchant. [Fr.] Inclination ; 
 Pendente lite. [L.] Pending 
 
 the suit. 
 Ptnsee. [Fr.] Thought. 
 Per annum. [L ] By the 
 year ; — capita, hy tlie head. 
 centum, by the hundred ; — 
 contra, contrariwise ; — se, 
 by itself cousidered. 
 Perdu^ [Fr.] Lost. 
 Personnel. [Fr.] Bodv of per- 
 sons employed in some pub- 
 lic service. 
 Petitio,principii. [L.l A beg 
 
 ging of the question. 
 Petit maitre. [b'r.] A dandy ; 
 
 a coxcomb. 
 Peu de chose [Fr.] A trifle. 
 Pirouette. [Vr.] A v. Kirl on 
 
 the toes, as in d;uu 'ni;. 
 Pis-aller. [Fr.] The l .^i. shift. 
 Pi'd. [It.] More. 
 Pleno jure. [L,] AVith full 
 authority. [web. 
 Plexus. [L.] A net-%York; 
 Poco d poco. [It.] Little by 
 " little. 
 
 Poeta nascitur. von f.t. IL..J 
 The poet is born, not made. 
 Point d'appui. n^r.] Point 
 
 of support ; prop. 
 Pons asinorum. [L.] Bridge 
 
 of asses. 
 Post mortem. [L.] After 
 death ; — obitum, at^ex 
 death. 
 
 Pot-pourri. [Fr.] A hotch- 
 potch ; a medley. 
 
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC. 839 
 
 Prsiix chevalier. [Fr.] A braye 
 kniglit. 
 
 Prima facie. [L.] On the 
 first view. 
 
 Primus inter pares. [L.] Chief 
 among equals. 
 
 Principia, non homines. [L.] 
 Principles, hot men. 
 
 Pro aris et focis. [L.] For 
 our altars and firesides ; — 
 bono publico, for the public 
 good ; — et con, for and 
 against; — forma, for tho 
 sake of form ; — hoLc vice, 
 for this turn or occasion ; — 
 rata J in proportion ; — tem- 
 pore, for the time. 
 
 Proces verbal. [Fr.] A writ- 
 ten statement. 
 
 Profanum vulgus. [L.] Tho 
 profane vulgar. 
 
 Prohpudor. [L.] 0, for shame. 
 
 Propria quss maribus. [L.] 
 Those things which are ap- 
 propriate or peculiar to 
 men, or to husbands. 
 
 Punica fides. [L.] Punic 
 faith ; treachery. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quantum libet. [L.] As much 
 as you please ; — meruit, as 
 much as he deserved ; — mu- 
 tatus ab illo ! how changed 
 from what he was I ; — suf- 
 ficit., a sufficient quantity ; 
 
 — vis^ as much as you will. 
 Quasi. LL.] As if; in a man- 
 ner. 
 
 Quelque chose. [Fr.] A tri- 
 fle ; something ; any thing. 
 
 Quid pro quo. [L.] One thing 
 for another ; an equivalent ; 
 
 — rides ? why do you laugh? 
 Quifacitper alium,facit per 
 
 se. [L.] lie who does a 
 thing by the agency of an- 
 other, does it himself. 
 
 Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? 
 [L.] Who shall guard the 
 guards themselves ? 
 
 Qui tain ? [L.] Who as well ? 
 
 Qui transtulit, sustinet. [L.] 
 He who transplanted, still 
 sustains ; — the motto of 
 Connecticut. 
 
 Qui vive? [Fr.] Who goes 
 there? — hence, on the qui 
 vive, on the alert. 
 
 Quo animo ? [L.] With what 
 mind or intention ? — jure ? 
 By what right ? 
 
 Quod erat demonstrandum. 
 [L.] Which was to be de- 
 monstrated ; — vide^ which 
 see. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rara avis. [L.] A rare bird. 
 
 Uecueil. [Fr.] Collection. 
 
 Reductio ad absurdum. [L.] 
 A reducing a position to an 
 absurdity. 
 
 Rpgnant populi. [L.] The 
 people rule ; — the motto of 
 Arkansas. [Properly, Reg- 
 nat populus.] 
 
 Religio loci. [L.] The re- 
 ligious spirit of the place. 
 
 Renommce. [Fr.] Pwenown ; 
 fame. 
 
 Requiescat in pace. [L.] May 
 he rest in peace. 
 
 Res angusta domi. [L.] Nar- 
 row circumstances at home ; 
 poverty. [the end. 
 
 Respice finem. [L.] Look to 
 
 Resume. [Fr.] A summing 
 up ; recapitulation. 
 
 Resurgam. [L.] I shall rise 
 again. 
 
 Revenons d nos moutons. 
 [Fr.] Let us return to our 
 sheep ; let us return to our 
 subject. 
 
 Rifacimento. [It.] Renewal ; 
 re-establishment. 
 
 Robe de chambre. [Fr.] A 
 dressing-gown or morning- 
 gown. 
 
 Rouleau. [Fr.] A little rolL 
 
 Rudis indigesta moles. [L.] 
 A rude and undigested mass. 
 
 Ruse de guerre. [Fr.] A strat- 
 agem of war. 
 
 Rus in urbe. [L.] The coun- 
 try in town. 
 
 s. 
 
 Salle. [Fr.] A hall. 
 
 Salon. [Fr.] An apartment 
 for company ; a fashionable 
 party ; or fashionable so- 
 ciety. 
 
 Salus popidi suprema est lex. 
 [L.] The welfare of the peo- 
 
 ple is the supreme law ; — 
 
 the motto of Missouri. 
 Sanctum sanctorum. [L.] 
 
 Holy of holies. 
 Sa?is ccrcriionie. [Fr.] With- 
 
 outceremony ; — pevr et sans 
 
 reproche, without fear and 
 
 without reproach. 
 Sauve qui jjeut. [Fr.] Save 
 
 himself who can. 
 Savoir /aire. [Fr.] AbiUty ; 
 
 — vivre, good breeding. 
 Scandalum magnatuvi. [L.] 
 
 Defamatory speech or writ- 
 ing to the injury of p«rsona 
 of dignity. 
 
 Scire facias. [L.] Cause it 
 to be known. 
 
 Sconce. [Fr.] A sitting or 
 session. 
 
 Serundim artem. [L.] Ac- 
 cording to rule ; — naturarn, 
 according to the course of 
 nature. 
 
 Semper felix. [L.] Always 
 fortunate ; — fidelis, always 
 faithful ; — idem , always 
 the same ; — ^araiiw, always 
 ready. 
 
 Sejiatiis consultum. [L.] A 
 
 decree of the Senate. 
 Se non e vcro, e ben trovato. 
 
 [It.] If not true, it is well 
 
 feigned. 
 Sesquipedalia verba. [L.] 
 
 \\'ords a foot and a half 
 
 long. 
 
 Sic iturad astra. [L.] Such is 
 the way to immortality ; — 
 passiyn, so every v. here : — 
 semper tyrannis, ever so to 
 tyrants, — the motto of Vir- 
 ginia ; — transit gloria mun- 
 di, so pass'es away earthly 
 glory ; — vos non vobis, thv.s 
 you do^ not labor for your- 
 selves. 
 
 Sicut ante. [X.] As before ; 
 
 — patribus, sit Deus nobis, 
 as God was with our fathers, 
 so may he be with us. 
 
 Similia similibus curantur. 
 [L.] Like things are cured 
 by like. 
 
 Si monumentum quscris, cir- 
 cumspice. [L.] If yon seek 
 his monument, look around. 
 
 Sim.plex munditiis. [L.] Of 
 simple elegance. 
 
 Sine cura. [L.] Without 
 
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC. 
 
 340 
 
 charge or care ; — die, with- 
 out a day appointed ; — qua 
 non, an indispensable con- 
 dition. , _ 
 
 Si quseris peninsulayn ama- 
 7iam, circumspice. IL.J ii 
 thou seekest a beautitul pen- 
 insula, behold it here ; — 
 the motto of Michigan. 
 
 Sit tihi terra levis. [L.] May 
 the earth lie hghtly upon 
 
 SotTisant. [Fr.] Self-styled. 
 
 Soubrette, [Fr.] Anintngumg 
 woman. [ing on one toot. 
 
 Stans pedeinuno. [h.\ fctana- 
 
 Stat magni nomniis umbra. 
 [L] He stands the shadow 
 of a mighty name, [which. 
 
 Statu quo. [L.] The state m 
 
 Stet. [L.] Let it stand. . 
 
 Suaviter in rnodo, fortUer in 
 re. [L.] Gentle in manners, 
 but resolute in deed. 
 
 Sub jurlice. [L.] Under con- 
 sideration ;— rosa, under 
 the rose ; privately. 
 
 Sui (generis. [L.] Of its own 
 kind. [chief good. 
 
 Suum cuique. [L.] Let each 
 have his own. 
 
 T. 
 
 Tabula rasa. [L.] A smooth 
 • or blank tablet. 
 Tapis. [Fr.] Cover of a coun- 
 cil-table ; hence, to be on the 
 tapis is to be under consid- 
 eration. 
 Tempora mutantur, et nos 
 mutamur in illis. [L.] The 
 times are changed, and we 
 are changed with them. 
 Tempus fugit. [L.] Time flies. 
 Terrx fiUus. [L.] A son of 
 the earth ; that is, a human 
 being ^—firma, sohd earth,* 
 a safe footing ; — incogru'" 
 an unknown country. 
 Tertium quid. [L.] A third 
 something \ a nondescript. 
 
 Tiers-etat. [Fr.] The third 
 estate ; commons or com- 
 monalty. 
 To Kakov ( To kalon). [Gr.] 
 The beautiful; the chief 
 good. . , 
 
 Totidem verbis. [L.] In just 
 
 so many words. 
 Toties quoties. [L.] As often 
 
 Toto ccelo. [L.] By the whole 
 heavens; diametrically op- 
 
 Tout-d-fait. [Fr.] Entirely; 
 — au contra ire, on the con- 
 trary ensemble, the whole 
 taken together. 
 
 Uberrima Jides. [L.] Super- 
 abounding faith. 
 
 Ubi supra. [L.] Where above 
 mentioned. " 
 
 Ultima ratio re gum. [L.| ine 
 last argument of kings ; 
 ^ar ; — Tkule, utmost limit. 
 
 Una voce. [L.] With one 
 voice. 
 
 Uno animo. [L.] With one 
 
 mind; unanimously. 
 Usque ad aras. [L.] To the 
 
 very altars ] — ad 7iausea7n, 
 
 to disgust. 
 Utile dulci. {\A The useful 
 
 with the pleasant. 
 Ut infra. [L.] As below; — 
 
 supra, as above stated. 
 Uti possidetis. [L.] As you 
 
 possess; state of present 
 
 possession. 
 
 Vade mecum. [L.] Go with 
 kme ; a constant companion. 
 
 ! victis. [L.] Woe to the 
 
 vanquished. 
 Yale. [L.] Farewell. 
 Talet de ckambre. [Fr.] An 
 
 attendant ; a footman. 
 Veni, vidi, vici. [L.] I came, 
 
 1 saw, 1 conquered. 
 
 Verbatim et literatim. [L.] 
 Word for word and letter for 
 letter. _ . 
 
 Verbum sat sapienti. [l^.J 
 A word is enough for a wise 
 man. 
 
 Vetturo. [It.] A hack. 
 
 Vetturino. [It.] Ahackman. 
 
 Vtxata quaostio. [L.] A dis- 
 puted question. 
 
 Via. [L.] By the way of. 
 
 Via media. [L.] A middle 
 course. 
 
 Vice. [L.] In the place «f; 
 — versdL, the terms being ex^ 
 changed. 
 Vide ut supra. [L.] See what 
 
 is stated above. 
 Vi et armis. [L.] By force 
 
 and arms ; by main force. 
 Vincitamorpatrise. [L.] Love 
 of country prevails ; — om- 
 nia Veritas, truth conquers 
 all things. 
 Vis d vis. [Fr.] Opposite; 
 
 facing. , , 
 
 Vis a tergo. , [L.] A propel- 
 hng force from behind; — 
 inertisR, the power of iner- 
 tia ; resistance; — the 
 vigor of life. 
 Vitam impendere vero. L^-J 
 To stake one's Ufe for tho 
 truth. 
 
 Vivatregina. [L.] Long live 
 the queen ; — r6a;, long hvo 
 the king. 
 Viva voce. [L.] By the liv- 
 ing voice ; by oral testimo- 
 
 Vive la republique. [Fr.] Long 
 live the repubhc ; — la baga- 
 telle! success to trifling; — 
 le roi, long live the king. 
 Voild. [Fr.] Behold; there 
 
 is, or there are. 
 Vox, et prspterea nihil. [L... 
 A voice, and nothing more 
 —populi, vox Dei, the voic( 
 of the people is the voice o: 
 God. 
 
 Vrai semblance. [Fr.] Appear 
 aiice of truth, 
 
A CLASSITIED SELECTION 
 
 OP 
 
 PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 FOR 
 
 WEBSTER'S PRIMARY SCHOOL DICTIONARY. 
 
 dn^^ Any words in the explanation of the following grouping of Illustrations not found in 
 tho body of the work, may be found explained ia Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. 
 
 FLAGS, BAJXriSTERS, I]SrSIG]\riA, &o. 
 
 Grescesnt Device. Ecclesiastical Gonfalon. Oriflamm^ 
 
PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
 GAMES, AMUSEMENTS, & 
 
 Tangram. 
 
WEBSTER'S PRIMARY SCHOOL DICTIONARY. 347 
 
 VEHICLES FOR LAND AIsTD A:^IIIAT. LOCOMOTION. 
 
 Clarence- Coupe. Dog-carfe. 
 
WEBSTER'S PRIMAEY SCHOOL DICTIONARY. 349 
 
 AmMALS — BIRDS. 
 
 Canvas-back. Chaffinch. Cormorant. 
 
 Corn-crake. Dove. Dofcterei. 
 
PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS FOR 
 
 AIsrmALS — BEASTS. 
 
 White Eear. 
 
 Bactruui l ;imel. 
 
 I'allow Deer. 
 
WEBSTER'S PRBIARY SCHOOL DICTIONAEY. 351 
 
 ANIMAIiS — FISHES. 
 
PICTORIAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 DOMESTIC ECOlSrOMY-.— UTSnSrSILS, FUKNITITEE, &C. 
 
 Smoke-jack. Spinning-wheel.