I p Ifl o 0 60 ft 0 Jc\ P U=> p F F -? ft C, So-C6 \ Eft'll \ OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF IOWA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS Vol. XIII JANUARY 10, 1915 No. 24 PRESIDENT’S REPORTS FOR THE BIENNIUM ENDING JUNE 30, 1914 i: .. ,i» Or i. LiMQIS ti SfcilY Otc 2 8 ma" AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BIENNIUM ENDING JUNE 30, 1917 TO THE IOWA STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION P IS tenni Ames, Iowa Published Tri-Monthly by the Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Entered as Second-class Matter, October 26, 1905, at the Post Office at Ames, Iowa, under the Act of Congress of July 16,1904 ■;y) T^VHMnY OF IU4MsH» i 5 P iof^KiT y\S Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts Reports and Recommendations By the President SUMMARY OF TOPICS. EDUCATIONAL WORK.. Letter of Transmittal. Appropriations recommended for educational work, improvements, and enlargements at the college in the biennium July 1, 1915, to June 30, 1917. Report on educational work, improvements, and enlargements at the college in the biennium July 1, 1912, to June 30, 1914. The Student Body The Teaching Staff Collegiate Work Post-Graduate Work Sub-Collegiate W'ork Summer Session Winter Courses College Functions Campus Buildings and Land Equipment Administrative Work Finances INDUSTRIAL SERVICE WORK. Letter of Transmittal. Appropriations recommended for industrial service, including ex¬ perimental and extension work, in the biennium July 1, 1915, to June 30, 1917. Report on industrial service work, including experimental and ex¬ tension work, in the biennium July 1, 1912, to June 30, 1914. Experimental Work Extension Work Hog Cholera Serum Finances IOWA STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION D. D. Murphy, President.Elkader W. H. Gemmill, Secretary.Des Moines MEMBERS OF BOARD. TERM EXPIRES JULY 1, 1915. James H. Trewin..Cedar Rapids Roger Leavitt.Cedar Falls Edw. P. Schoentgen.Council Bluffs TERM EXPIRES JULY 1, 1917. A. B. Funk.Spirit Lake Geo. T. Baker.Davenport H. M. Eicher. Washington TERM EXPIRES JULY 1, 1919. P. K. Holbrook.Onawa Chas. R. Brenton.Dallas Center D. D. Murphy.Elkader STANDING COMMITTEES. Faculty Committee—D. D. Murphy, James H. Trewin, A. B. Funk, P. K. Holbrook, H. M. Eicher. Building and Business Committee—Chas. R. Brenton, James H. Trewin, Edw. P. Schoentgen, Geo. T. Baker, Roger Leavitt. FINANCE COMMITTEE. W. R. Boyd, Chairman.Cedar Rapids Thos. Lambert.Sabula W. H. Gemmill, Secretary.Des Moines INSPECTION OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS, P. E. McClenahan, Inspector.Des Moines John E. Foster, Assistant.Des Moines Leslie I. Reed, Assistant.Des Moines LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL IOWA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS. To the Iowa State Board of Education. Gentlemen: I have the honor to submit to you herewith recom¬ mendations for appropriations for educational work, improvements, and enlargements at the Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in the biennium, July 1, 1915, to June 30, 1917; and my report on educational work, improvements, and enlarge¬ ments at the college in the biennium, July 1, 1912, to June 30, 1914. Through your unanimous action, it became my privilege to begin service as President of the Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in September, 1912. In this, my first formal and required report, I desire to express my appreciation to all members of the Board of Education and Finance Committee for their sup¬ port. In accepting the position as President, I realized the great opportunity and responsibility of the office. Two years of service have made me the more appreciative of the responsibility and opportunity of this position and the more determined to assist to the extent of my ability in carrying forward the great work of the college along lines clearly specified in the National and State law T s under which the college is founded, and in accordance with the wishes of the Board of Education, the legislature and the people of the State. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the valuable service of Acting President Stanton, who administered the affairs of the college for a period of two years prior to the beginning of my service. As recognition of his long and efficient service and to assure his con¬ tinued connection with the most important affairs of the college, you have elected him, upon my recommendation, permanent Vice- President of the college. Very respectfully, Ames, Iowa. September 23, 1914. R. A. Pearson, President. APPROPRIATIONS RECOMMENDED FOR EDUCA¬ TIONAL WORK, IMPROVEMENTS AND EN¬ LARGEMENTS AT THE COLLEGE. IN THE BIENNIUM JULY 1, 1915 TO JUNE BO, 1917. A. Present Appropriations to be Continued Annually. It is recommended that the following appropriations, which were available for the purposes indicated (including experiment and extension work) in each of the two years ending December 31, 1915, under provision of Chapter 228 of the laws of the Thirty- fifth General Assembly, 1913, providing for a one-half mill tax, be made regular annual appropriations: Support for oollegiate departments.$ 125,000 Agricultural Extension, including home economics.*.. 48,000 Agricultural Experiment Station farm and work. 57,000 Agricultural and home economics one and two year non-collegiate courses . 12,500 Trade School and Engineering Extension. . 25,000 Engineering Experiment Station . 6,000 Veterinary Practitioners’ Course . 5,000 Veterinary Investigations . 10,000 Repair and Contingent . 10,000 Two and four year courses in home economics for home makers and teachers . 20,000 Equipment of departments and buildings . 40,000 Maintenance and improvements of public grounds. 10,000 Enlargement of buildings and small additional buildings. 10,000 Total .$ 377,500 This asking is in no sense an increase. It has been the custom for the legislature to make permanent annual appropriations for regular maintenance items at all institutions. Such items are being paid to the institutions without further legislative action. But in this case the items were provided for by special millage tax of limited duration, hence necessity of asking renewal. If this re¬ newal is allowed, work will continue as at present. If it is not allowed, work which is now being carried on will have to be aban¬ doned. B. Additional Maintenance for Educational Work at the College, Annually Beginning July 1, 1915. 1. Support for collegiate departments and Summer Session.... $ 190,000 2. Sub-collegiate courses in agriculture and home economics, and trade schools in engineering. 30,000 3. Winter short courses in agriculture, home making, and trades and trade school work. 9.500 6 IOWA STATE COLLEGE C. Special Appropriations for Improvements at the College, Including Equipment, Repairs and Minor Structures, One-half of Which Aggregate May Be Used Each Year of the Biennial Period Beginning July 1, 1915. 4. Additional equipment and furnishings for buildings and departments, including buildings now under construction...! 106,000 6. Extension of heating system and equipment for heating plant. 39,600 6. Repairs and improvements for dairy building, old agricultural hall, and barns, and provision for fruit storage. 8,000 7. Temporary provision for home economics laboratories. 1,500 8. For enlargements of buildings and additional small buildings. 30,000 9. Settling and storage water tank and filter. 15,000 In connection with the above recommendations, attention is called to appropriations by the last General Assembly amounting to ?92,000 to supplement certain items in the millage tax measure. With the arrange¬ ment of appropriations as indicated above, such supplementary item will not have to be requested for the coming biennium. D. A Special Additional Appropriation for Enlargements, Including Buildings and Land, to Supplement the Building Millage Tax, is Urgently Recommended. The following buildings and land are most needed at this time: (This list includes buildings which may be erected,on the special build¬ ing millage tax.) 10. Animal husbandry laboratories .$ 85,000 11. Science building . 65,000 12. Hospital . 30,000 13. Dairy cattle barn .20,000 14. Library building . 225,000 15. Addition to dairy building . 25,000 16. Home economics building . 175,000 17. Women’s dormitories and dining hall. 180,000 18. Poultry building . 100,000 19. Veterinary building enlargement *. 47,000 20. Beef cattle barn. 20,000 21. Abattoir . 25,000 22. Physics building . 150,000 23. Agricultural engineering building- . 150,000 24. Judging pavilion and drill hall. 200,000 26. Animal husbandry farm and buildings. 60,000 26. Horticultural experiment farm . 10,000 27. Veterinary research and serum farm. 32,000 28. Additional land near the campus. 35,000 It is recommended that approval of plans be secured for such buildings as it may be possible to erect during the biennium. APPROPRIATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL WORK 7 BRIEF STATEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR APPROPRIATIONS. 1. Support for Collegiate Departments and Summer Session_$190,000 Enrollment this year, excluding the Summer Session, is practically double the enrollment of ten years ago. The increased support is needed chiefly for additional teachers, not to care for an anticipated further in¬ crease of enrollment, but to properly teach the present student body. The increase of the college support fund by the last Assembly relieved the abnormal pressure under which the faculty was then working. It was not suficient to provide for the increase of enrollment that has occurred during the past two years. The additional 659 students of the last two years could not have been cared for except that the faculty was willing to take on additional work in excess of what should be expected of them. If the faculty is relieved of its present pressure by the appointment of additional teachers, it is expected they will be able to care for such in¬ crease of enrollment as occurs in the present biennium. It is estimated that additional fuel and light and janitor service for the new buildings will cost $20,000 annually. Members of the present faculty are entitled to some salary increase. Salaries at Ames are very low as compared with other institutions. Salaries of corresponding positions in the University of Illinois average nearly $1,000 more per year. Better salaries and perquisites at other neighboring institutions are a constant handicap in securing and holding the best teachers at the State College. With the widening application of science to the industries, it becomes necessary to widen the scope of instruction, and this means an occasional establishment of a new department or sub-department. Such enlargements needed at this college include animal breeding, plant breeding, plant physiology, plant pathology, animal nutrition, telephone engineering, and highway engineering. The Summer Session should have at least $17,000 additional to permit the best instruction for the rural and grade teachers who wish to learn something of agriculture, trade school work, and home economics. The attendance at this session has been rapidly increasing. In 1914 it was 618 as compared with 215 in 1913. In 191.5 it may be expected to exceed 1,000. It is proposed to double the length of the course so as to give the best possible assistance to the many hundreds of teachers who are forced by state legislation to prepare themselves along vocational lines. It is recommended that not to exceed five per cent of the total amount paid for salaries by the college shall be made available for retiring allow¬ ances at the discretion of the Board of Education. In this way the efficiency of the faculty will be increased without increased expense to the state. 2. Sub-Collegiate Courses in Agriculture and Home Economics and Trade Schools in Engineering.$ 30,000 Work of this grade should be strengthened for the large number of young men and women who have not finished accredited high school courses and wish to spend one or two years in preparation for useful vocations. With the educational environment and sympathies at this col¬ lege and the complete equipment which is provided for collegiate work, these courses can be given to greatest advantage. 3. Winter Short Courses in Agriculture, Home Making, Trades and Trade School Work .$ 9,500 This is to partially provide for short and intensely practical courses, largely for mature people who come to the college for a short period dur¬ ing the winter holidays. This instruction is given to many people who 8 IOWA STATE COLLEGE could not secure it in any other way. The lives and work of many citizens are made more efficient by these courses. Special attention is given to live stock, field crops, horticulture, dairying, home economics, painting and house decorating. With added support, the scope can be enlarged to in¬ clude other branches which are insistently demanding attention. At least two-thirds of this appropriation should be directed to the strictly agri¬ cultural and home economics work. 4. Additional equipment and furnishings for Buildings and Departments, including Buildings now under construction .$106,000 This item is of the utmost importance. The college is without suitable equipment in chemistry, where 1,764 students are enrolled. The chemistry equipment was burned in the chemistry building about two years ago. As is customary, this state building was not insured. A special appropriation was made by the last Assembly but it was $60,000 less than recommended. The new chemitry building is now fitted throughout with temporary equip¬ ment. The welfare of the majority of tire students in the institution is concerned. At least $60,000 is needed for chemistry equipment. It should be noted that most of this is permanent equipment such as laboratory benches, and the asking will not need to be repeated when once granted. New equipment also will be needed for the science division and the hospital when located in larger quarters. The item requested also would provide for urgent needs in the Animal Husbandry Department where animals of different breeds are needed, both to provide for the increasing number of students and to replace stock which has outgrown its usefulness. The college should have representa¬ tive animals of all types that are economically important in Iowa. There should be at least one stallion and two mares belonging to each of the principal draft breeds, and one bull and two cows belonging to each of the principal beef and dairy breeds, also typical specimens of hog and sheep breeds. At least $20,000 should be expended for live stock and necessary accompanying equipment. One of the greatest needs of this college is a better reference library. Scientific investigations by members of the faculty and research students are severely handicapped by having to send away for scientific works needed temporarily. Too often the necessary books cannot be borrowed. The library has been poorly quartered and almost starved. To properly equip it in the single line of veterinary science so that it would contain the records of the best work done in Europe and America, would cost at least $15,000. Money spent for reference books is an economy because it enables investigators to quickly and accurately learn results of experi¬ ments elsewhere and thus it saves time and cost of duplicating experi¬ ments here. An expenditure of $25,000 could not be called extravagant as compared with the needs. Other departments are in need of much equipment to replace what is worn out and to increase the teaching facilities which are needed for larger classes. The equipment askings represent purchases which are needed at this time. It is difficult to see how a reduction of the items can result other¬ wise than merely to postpone some purchases and continue to that extent the embarrassment suffered by lack of equipment. In making these esti¬ mates for equipment effort has been made to hold them to the minimum. 5. Extension of Heating System and equipment for Heating Plant .$ 39,600 This is made necessary by increased demands for heat for new buildings, including the extension of the heating tunnel and steam and other pipe APPROPRIATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL WORK 9 lines. An economy will be effected when the tunnel loop is finished as indicated. The items making up the total are as follows: 2 500 H. P. boilers .$ 7,000 2 sets chain grate stokers. 3,425 Piping for boilers . 1,200 Foundations and settings . 2,l(f0 Coal hopper . 1,500 Ash conveyor . 2,500 Turrell regulator . 675 Railroad scales . 1,500 Car moving apparatus . 425 Feed water pump for boilers. 750 Breeching to boilers . 450 Exciter and alternating current machine. 1,475 Vacuum system for heating three buildings. 1,000 600 ft. heating tunnel to complete the tunnel loop. 7,200 700 ft. heating tunnel to new buildings. 8,400 $ 39,600 6. Repairs and Improvements for Dairy Building, Old Agricultural Hall, Barns, and Provision for Fruit Storage .$ 8,000 Considerable space now useless or partially used can be made available. Some of the barns need overhauling to provide modern systems of venti¬ lation and to allow portions of these buildings to be used for different purposes than originally planned. A small building is needed for tem¬ porary protection of fruit when it is collected in the fall and must be held for a short time prior to marketing. The value of such a building could be saved in one or two seasons by the protection it would afford. If provision is made for a new agricultural engineering building during the biennium, $15,000 should be provided for remodeling the building which that department now occupies so that it may be used for other lines of work. 7. Temporary provision for Home Economics Laboratories .$ 1,500 Nearly 600 students are now taking work in the home economics build¬ ing which was planned for about 250. Four laboratories will need to be fitted up next year in some other building. These will require cabinets and fitting rooms and they will be regarded as temporary because no other building can permanently spare the space. Some further changes also should be made in the laboratories of the present building to provide for the handling of larger classes, 8. Enlargements of buildings and temporary small buildings ....$30,000 A considerable number of small buildings are needed to properly supple¬ ment the larger buildings and to provide for instructional and experi¬ mental requirements distant from the main campus. At least $5.0,000 could be used to decided advantage in this manner, but the item named would be sufficient to somewhat relieve the situation. Among the buildings most urgently needed are the following*' (a) Cottages for foremen and laborers.$14,000 The greatest difficulty is experienced in securing and holding good help on the college farms and other premises because of distance from residences for such persons. It is desirable also to have at least a few reliable men quartered near the college buildings to furnish help at a time of fire or other emergency. 10 IOWA STATE COLLEGE (b) Barn for Dairy Bulls.$2,000 Separate quarters are desirable for the several bulls which have to be maintained to represent different leading breeds at the Dairy Farm. Jic) Poultry Houses .;.$1,350 Additional houses are needed to provide instruction for larger classes in poultry husbandry. (d) Agricultural Engineering Annex.$10,000 The agricultural engineering department needs suitable quarters for storing and demonstrating large tractors and other agricultural machin¬ ery. About $25,000 worth of such apparatus has been loaned to the col¬ lege and much of it cannot be given good care because of limited space. The structure proposed is a cheap but durable shed building, (e) Student quarters, cattle shed and judging pavilion.$10,000 As the dairy farm is about a mile from the campus, it is necessary that a shed or pavilion be provided for stock judging and demonstration work on farms. It is also desirable to have students’ quarters provided there for the accommodation of limited numbers of students who are assigned to the work of caring for stock and obtaining practical instruction. (f) Shelter for rattler and grinding machines.$950 It is proposed to build a small addition to one of the engineering build¬ ings, at a point which will not disfigure the building, to accommodate the rattler and grinding machines which are noise and dirt producers and should be kept in quarters separate from other lines of work. (g) Outside kiln and shed for ceramics.$1,000 The need for this is due to the fact that the kilns are now located in a space which is also used for other purposes and these other purposes must be sacrificed when a blast is on because of uncomfortable heat. (h) Storehouse for foundry castings and supplies.$1,000 At the present time these castings and supplies are stored out of doors and they are deteriorating because of exposure to the weather. There are losses, also, which would not occur if a suitable building were used. (i) Building for ore dressing and coal washing.$7,000 This is to house equipment which is needed to permit necessary practi¬ cal instruction in mining engineering. (j) Temporary building for Trade School courses.$4,000 These courses are making a good beginning. Laboratory rooms are needed for some of the work which it has not been feasible to provide for in the .regular college laboratories. Later, with the enlargement of the college plant, permanent laboratories may be provided, but in the meantime a temporary building would serve the purpose. (k) Practice cottage for the home economics division.$5,000 (l) Small animal building and rendering plant for the veterinary division .^.^....$7,000 (m) Indoor Rifle Range .$8,000 This is much needed in the military training department. Military train¬ ing is required at this college as a consideration in connection with th« federal appropriations. Thus, far special equipment has not been furnished, but the United States Government is becoming more and more insistent in this matter. APPROPRIATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL WORK 11 (n) Experimental Farm Buildings including storage quarters and other small structures .$4,000 9. Settling and Storage Water Tank and Filter.$15,000 The college water supply at times is as brown as coffee due to heavy iron content. The matter has been studied by competent engineers and they agree that a settling and storage tank with gravity filter will prove a satisfactory remedy. The amount requested is the result of a care¬ ful estimate. 10. Animal Husbandry Laboratories.$85,000 The Animal Husbandry department needs more building space on account of its increased enrollment and to permit widening the scope of its work. 11. Science Building ...$65,000 Almost all of the departments in the Division of Science are severely taxed in efficiency on account of their limited space. These departments carry heavy work for all divisions of the college. The division is parti¬ cularly short of laboratory space and it is proposed that two departments giving much laboratory work, namely, bacteriology and zoology, shall be quartered in the building. By removing these departments from their present quarters, other departments will be able to expand into the space vacated. This would provide for about twenty additional class rooms which are needed. 12. Hospital .$30,000 Hospital facilities are urgently needed. At present there is an old residence building in use as a hospital. It is frequently overcrowded and many sick students must remain in their boarding houses. There are several thousand calls for help at the hospital every year and several hundred bed cases. 13. Dairy Cattle Barn .$20,000 A modern dairy barn is needed to suitably care for the stock in hand and to show the latest and best ideas in dairy barn construction, The present building could easily be adapted for a stock judging pavilion which is greatly needed on the dairy farm. 14. Library Building .$225,000 The college work is greatly handicapped for the want of a library building. The urgent recommendation of the Faculty Library Committee, that an adequate fireproof building be erected in the near future for library purposes, is strongly approved. The library occupies a few recita¬ tion rooms and some corridor space in Central building. The Faculty room has been given up for a general reading and study room. These quarters are entirely too small. New books cannot be properly cared for. Seminar work, which is so important in a scientific institution, is greatly handicap¬ ped. Research work is interfered with. Students’ efforts in connection with debating and literary societies are discouraged. A new library build¬ ing would be an immense relief. It should have space where students can profitably spend spare hours between recitations and laboratory work and facilities where they may go to look up special subjects assigned to them for study. Necessary space for literary societies should be provided in this building. In the library building, or separately, there should be provided an audi¬ torium for general meetings. It should have seating space for at least 2,500 people. Such a building is needed many times for convocations and 12 IOWA STATE COLLEGE for lectures and musical events, besides commencement and special occa¬ sions. There is now no hall on the campus large enough to hold even the freshman class. For any such purpose the gymnasium must be seated at considerable cost, besides inconvenience to the required physical train¬ ing work for one or two days. 15. Addition to Dairy Building .$25,000 The present building has been in service several years and is now out¬ grown. It does not have space for instruction in cheesemaking because this work has been crowded out by market milk. The proposed addition would provide for cheesemaking, certain phases of market milk, and ice cream work, and -a class room and laboratory. 16. Home Economics Building .$175,000 The Home Economics division is growing more rapidly than any other division in the college. It will continue to grow rapidly. The present building was intended to accommodate 250 to 300 students. Double the num- oer are now taking their work in that building and overflow rooms out¬ side. The present home economics building could be utilized by other departments of the college with almost negligible cost for alterations. The division, which stands pre-eminently for woman’s work at the col¬ lege should have a structure commensurate With its importance and dignity. 17. Women’s Dormitories and Dining Hall .$180,000 The limit of available accommodations in Ames has been reached. Furthermore, the impression is getting out through the state that students should not come to this college because suitable living quarters cannot be found. The question of rooming the student body is one which is causing much anxiety. In the last biennium, when the enrollment of young women increased more than 250, the state has provided additional accommoda¬ tions for less than half this number. Fireproof dormitories should be provided as soon as possible for all women students. No one can see a student rooming house in flames without coming to this conviction,—arid such an experience has been had one or more times in practically every college in the country. Already too many students are living in rooms which they should not be compelled to occupy. The erection of dormitories for young women students means a benefit to the entire student body because they would serve to vacate houses now occupied by young women and which are greatly needed by the increasing numbers of young men. The college is receiving more and more demands from parents who insist that their daughters shall be located in buildings that are entirely under college control. These buildings can be made to pay all their expenses, and money spent in them should be looked upon as an investment. 18. Poultry Building .$100,000 The poultry products of the state are reported as worth over $50,000,000. This great industry concerns almost every one who lives in the country and a large number of residents of towns. Instruction is needed and it is asked for. A modest structure for the interests concerned could be pro¬ vided for the amount named, 19. Veterinary Building Enlargement .$47,000 The veterinary buildings are large enough except in respect to a few phases of the work. These include instruction to the increasing numbers of agricultural students, and research. It is proposed to enlarge one of the wings. APPROPRIATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL WORK 13 20. Beef Cattle Barn .$20,000 The present beef cattle barn was built many years ago. It might have been a good structure for certain purposes but it is not now well adapted for housing animals. It is old and unsafe and causes much criticism from farmers who themselves have far better equipment. 21. Abattoir .$25,000 Provision needs to be given for instruction in slaughtering animals, and dressing and caring for meats, especially for local markets. A large amount of slaughtering is now going on in temporary quarters in con¬ nection with hog cholera serum manufacture and the slaughtering of animals in the Animal Husbandry department. 22. Physics Building .$150,000 The Physics Department is one of the largest in the college. The work given by the department has nearly doubled in three years and the present quarters are inadequate and also not adapted to the work. The depart¬ ment is unable to give laboratory work with some of its courses because of lack of space. A new building adapted to the work would greatly increase the efficiency of the instruction given. 23. Agricultural Engineering Building.$150,000 Nearly 1,800 students are taking work in the Agricultural Engineering Department. A large amount of equipment having high value is loaned by manufacturers. The department needs more room for instruction and more room for storage. This department has grown so rapidly and has become so firmly established that it should have a building better adapted to its needs. The building which it now occupies could well be used for sub-collegiate work. 24. Judging Pavilion and Drill Hall .$200,000 The charter of this college requires instruction in military tactics. A large sum of money is received annually from the United States Govern¬ ment with the understanding that this provision of the charter will be faithfully observed. The War Department has been lenient with this and other institutions, but their requirements are becoming more exacting. It is of the highest importance that, in case of need, college trained young men shall be qualified to serve as lieutenants in the army. There is prob¬ ably no point in the state where military training can be given to better advantage than at the land grant college. The same structure would serve advantageously as a judging pavilion when large quarters are needed. Also, it would serve for agricultural shows and demonstrations. In these respects it would serve a valuable purpose. 25. Animal Husbandry Farm and Building .$60,000 The educational and experimental work of the Animal Husbandry De¬ partment is greatly handicapped because of lack of farm facilities. This department stands for the greatest activities of the state. It should have considerable land area and farm buildings so that it can develop and illustrate its teachings. 26. Horticultural Experiment Farm .$10,000 The Horticultural Department needs a farm at a point distant from Ames where soil conditions and climate are somewhat different, for the purpose of developing and testing varieties and supplementing the work which is under way on the college farm. 14 IOWA STATE COLLEGE 27. Veterinary Research and Serum Farm .* .$32,000 To satisfactorily conduct veterinary research, a farm is needed for the accommodation of animals under observation and other animals used in the production of protective lymphs and anti-toxins, etc. 28. Additional Land near the Campus .$35,000 Additional land for college purposes is certain to be needed in the very near future, and it would be an economy to secure it at this time before prices are further advanced. The need of the land arises especially in connection with housing of students and providing suitable exercise grounds. REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL WORK, IMPROVE¬ MENTS, AND ENLARGEMENTS AT THE COL¬ LEGE IN THE BIENNIUM JULY 1, 1912, TO JUNE 30, 1914. \ THE STUDENT BODY. ENROLLMENT. The rapid increase of enrollment in recent years in this land grant college and in similar land grant colleges in other leading states is one of the most striking developments of the day in the educational world. To care for our increase of enrollment, which is 659 in two years, is our chief problem and explains our chief needs. The increase of 659 does not include Short Course or Sum¬ mer Session students but those who are in the college for the full academic year. The following table and accompanying chart show the enroll¬ ment for the year 1897-98 and each year since: THE STUDENT BODY 15 w o m a & o o s . w § S8«hn I 2J ^ S be 1 o %bca ^ a o m'S“ c« ojM . fl © © So S a c o .. ^°KW ® 0-0 . ^ os "g cl « « Tr £ 03 © © oo 5 , ^ « oSisii O fc c c c o £i "to og ^ wj o © « C3 +s O © © fc hfi 16 IOWA STATE COLLEGE 3600 OOC'0-C v Jf0^l^ y) N®S5o _ OJ -o ^^oooooooooor_^52T I I i I III | | l l 1 I 9 | | . cvjco^ti£pr^ooo[}o — cvjoo Ypnr (DCDCnOOOOOOOOOO — — — ~ Tear CO CD CD 'Heavy /ine indicates Totai CoHegriate, Non- Collegiate and Summer Session Attendance, without duplicates. Short Courses III Summer Session Non - Collegiate Co/lecriate THE STUDENT BODY 17 It will be noted that the largest increase is in agriculture and the next largest is in home economics. These two lines of work have attracted the greatest increases in student enrollment gen¬ erally throughout the country. The reason is easy to understand. A vast store of knowledge concerning agriculture and home mak¬ ing has been developed during the last few years. This is now in form to be given to the people. The benefits of having this knowledge are being realized more and more. A. new State law requires vocational instruction in the public schools, which means many teachers must be trained in agriculture, trade school work and domestic science. In a short time college enrollment in these two subjects may be expected to reach its normal level as has been the experience in other lines of instruction, which were earlier established in schools and colleges and have had their periods of rapid growth. Enrollment in engineering courses shows a decrease in recent years at the State College but not as much decrease as was experi¬ enced at most other institutions. This was due to economic con¬ ditions throughout the whole country and already there is evidence that conditions are changing and the engineering enrollment will show an increase. The decrease shown in enrollment in veterinary medicine was due to raising the entrance requirements so that this work would rest on the same educational basis as other important branches. The decrease of enrollment in industrial science is an indication of the preference of young people to prepare themselves for the more practical special technical lines rather than in the general sciences, which may not offer as many well paying positions. The following tables show the number of students in each class and course in the years 1912-13 and 1913-14: Summary of Enrollment. Year 1912-13. 1—Division of Agriculture. Graduate Students: Agronomy Animal Husbandry Horticulture and Forestry Dairying 1 5 3 2 11 18 IOWA STATE COLLEGE Senior Class: Agronomy 19 Dairying 11 Animal Husbandry 54 Horticulture and Forestry 9 Agricultural Engineering 7 Agricultural Education 3 Home Economics 22 Science and Agriculture 1 126 Junior Class: Agronomy 19 Dairying 9 Animal Husbandry 58 Horticulture and Forestry 13 Agricultural Engineering 9 Home Economics 46 154 Sophomore Class: Agronomy 22 Animal Husbandry 100 Dairying 19 Horticulture and Forestry 17 Agricultural Education 7 Agricultural Engineering 22 Home Economics 76 263 Freshman Class: Agriculture 289 Agricultural Engineering 51 Agricultural Education 12 Home Economics 167 519 Specials: Agriculture 19 19 Irregular: Home Economics 10 10 Short Courses: Two Year Agriculture 183 One Year Dairying 35 218 Winter Short Courses: Agronomy and Animal Husbandry 565 Farm Dairying 15 Creamerymen 80 Home Economics 61 721 THE STUDENT BODY 19 Silo School: Summer Course Winter Course 2— Division of Veterinary Medicine. Senior Class Junior Class Sophomore Class Freshman Class 3— Division of Engineering. Senior Class: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering ^ Electrical Engineering Mining Engineering Ceramics Junior Class: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mining Engineering Sophomore Class: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mining Engineering Ceramics Industrial Chemistry Freshman Class: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mining Engineering Ceramics Industrial Chemistry Specials: Mining Engineering Irregular: Mechanical Engineering Civil Engineering 65 5 73 2114 21 18 15 16 70 70 23 36 18 6 1 84 23 31 32 2 88 22 29 49 7 2 1 110 68 45 82 5 3 4 207 1 1 2 3 5 495 20 IOWA STATE COLLEGE 4—Division of Science. • Graduate Students 4 Senior Class 11 Junior Class 5 Sophomore Class 21 Freshman Class 26 Specials 4 Irregular 3 74 74 5—Department of Music. Collegiate Course 9 Unclassified 121 130 130 6—Summer School. 128 128 128 Total 3011 Less duplicates 129 2882 Music (unclassified) 55 Summer School 44 Winter Short Course 30 129 Summary of Enrollment. Year 1913-14. 1—Division of Agriculture. Graduate Students Agricultural Education Agronomy Animal Husbandry Horticulture Senior Class Agricultural Education Agricultural Engineering Agronomy Animal Husbandry Dairying Forestry Horticulture Junior Class Agricultural Education Agricultural Engineering Agronomy Animal Husbandry Dairying Forestry Horticulture 2 3 3 4 12 2 13 15 56 10 9 5 110 5 11 20 69 17 4 6 132 THE STUDENT BODY 21 Sophomore Class Agricultural Education 10 Agricultural Engineering 40 Agronomy 52 Animal Husbandry 92 Dairying 13 Forestry 17 Horticulture 8 232 Freshman Class Agricultural Education 14 Agricultural Engineering 69 Agriculture 371 454 Specials Agricultural Education 3 Agricultural Engineering 2 Agriculture 5 Forestry 1 Horticulture 1 12 Irregular Agriculture 1 Forestry 1 2 Non-Collegiate Two-Year Agriculture 230 One-Year Dairying 45 275 Winter Short Courses Agronomy and Animal Hus¬ bandry 462 Creamerymen 115 Farm Dairying 27 604 2—Division of Engineering. Senior Class Agricultural Engineering 13 Chemical Engineering 2 Civil Engineering 27 Electrical Engineering 21 Mechanical Engineering 20 Mining Engineering 2 85 Junior Class Agricultural Engineering 11 Chemical Engineering 1 Civil Engineering 24 Electrical Engineering 32 Mechanical Engineering 12 Mining Engineering 3 83 1833 22 IOWA STATE COLLEGE Sophomore Class Agricultural Engineering Ceramics Chemical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mining Engineering Freshman Class Agricultural Engineering Ceramics Chemical Engineering Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mining Engineering Structure Design Specials Agricultural Engineering Irregular Civil Engineering Mechanical Engineering Non-Collegiate Two-Year Trade School Winter Short Courses Painters Engineering Highway Engineering 3— Division of Home Economics, Senior Class Junior Class Sophomore Class Freshman Class Specials Irregulars Non-Collegiate Two-Year Home Economics Winter Short Course 4— Division of Science. Graduate Students Senior Class Junior Class Sophomore Class Freshman Class 40 1 3 39 40 46 5* 174 69 3 5 59 95 67 3 3 304 2 2 1 1 2 22 22 57 51 81 189 861 42 60 96 239 437 6 6 3 3 24 24 54 54 524 13 17 9 14 26 THE STUDENT BODY 23 Specials Irregulars 5—Division of Veterinary Medicine. 91 91 Graduate Students 1 Senior Class 14 Junior Class 17 Sophomore Class 14 Freshman Class 31 77 77 rtment of Muisc. Collegiate Course 7 Unclassified 132 139 139 ner School 215 215 215 Total 3740 Less Duplicates Agricultural Engineering 135 Summer Session 63 Music 84 282 282 3458 If the student enrollment appears large it should be remembered that enormous interests are to be served. A large number of well trained men and women will be required in the State of Iowa to maintain her present standing against the increasing difficulties that come with increasing years of settlement and to develop her resources and maintain her position as compared with other states where wonderful progress is being made in connection with investi¬ gation and education along technical lines. In this conection some statistical data are of interest. According to the 1910 census for the United States, Iowa had 217,044 farms with a total value of farm property of $3,745,860,544. The value increased 104% in the ten years ending 1910. Of this amount $2,801,973,729 was in land; $455,405,671 was in buildings; $95,477,948 in implements and machinery and $393,003,196 in live stock. The value of corn, Iowa’s chief crop, exceeds $200,000,000 per year. According also to federal authority, in 1909 Iowa had 5,528 manufacturing establishments, which employed an average of 78,360 persons and paid out during the year $43,514,000 in sal¬ aries and wages. The value of all manufactured products was $259,238,000. The State Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates the value of manufactured products for the year 1913 as $406,225,576, which is an increase of about 57 per cent over the amount reported 24 IOWA STATE COLLEGE by the United States census for 1909. Iowa also produced products to the amount of $13,877,781 from mines and quarries. Every county in the State is represented by a good-sized delega¬ tion in the student enrollment. The number from Story county is particularly large because many families move to Ames and make this city their home while the young people are being educated. In 1912-13 seven families in Iowa were represented by three chil¬ dren in the College. One hundred and three families were repre¬ sented by two members. Thirty-five families in Ames sent two or more students, or altogether 76, to the College. There is a con¬ siderable number of students from other states but they do not equal in number the Iowa students enrolled in other states. A small number of foreign students is included in our enroll¬ ment. These pay the additional tuition fee required of students from out of the State. In a personal letter the United States Com¬ missioner of Education, Honorable P. P. Claxton, calls attention to the fact that the European war may be expected to have the effect of sending more foreign students to American institutions of higher learning. Some may come from the countries that are at war but more from South American and other peaceful coun¬ tries whose young men have been going to England and Germany and France. In addition, the American students who would go abroad will now ask for instruction at home. Iowa State College will feel the effect of this added demand caused by the deplorable conditions in Europe. The graphic bn page 229 shows the stu¬ dent enrollment by counties for the academic year of 1913-1914 and the one on page 230 shows the enrollment by states for the same year. THE STUDENT BODY 25 / > (H a "3 CO Number Salary Number Salary Number Salary Professor _ 15 $ 3,713 14 $ 3,803 38 $ 3,330 6 $ 3,433 ARfinfiint.fi Prnfp.fisnT 1 3,000 8 2,825 Assistant Professor_ 14 2,628 19 2,286 28 2,378 A 33 1,866 14 1,771 19 1,684 TnHt.mpt.nr 28 1,453 49 1,456 53 1,351 Assistant 29 1,107 13 1,034 21 1,010 Total _ 119 110 167 6 Iowa State College. (For the Year 1914-1915.) Agriculture Engineering Science Veterinary Medicine Number Salary Number Salary Number - Salary — Number Salary | Professor _ 16 $ 2,735 6 $ 2,817 10 $ 2,690 4 $ 2,375 Associate Professor - 13 1,886 13 2,016 17 1,744 2 1,950 Assistant Professor- 11 1,668 10 1,430 14 1,407 1 1,800 Tnstmptnr 21 1,297 13 1,039 37 1,067 Assistant 1 1,000 0 883 2 1,200 Total 62 42 84 9 It will be seen that the average difference in leading positions of corresponding rank is about $1,000 per year in favor of the teachers in Illinois. THE TEACHING STAFF 55 In this College it frequently happens that a graduate student secures a position at a better salary than the instructors who taught this student themselves receive. It would be an advantage if we could establish minimum salaries for different grades of teaching service as follows: Full professors, $2,750; associate professors, $2,250; assistant professors, $1,600; in¬ structors, $1,000; assistants, $800. Low salaries are compensated for to a very small degree by a policy of allowing traveling expenses for members of the faculty when attending scientific meetings which they may do to the adv- vantage of the college. These trips are in addition to necessary offi¬ cial trips, such as to investigate buildings or educational policies elsewhere or to accompany classes of students on educational trips. The following statement shows the amounts expended in the last College year for traveling expenses for different purposes outside of extension work, experiment station work, and hog cholera serum work. To accompany classes.$ 706.70 For interviews with candidates. 450.49 To buy live stock and supplies. 121.12 To attend scientific meetings, etc. 2,751.77 To study methods at other colleges. 423.52 Part compensation for services. 61.37 Buildings inspections and to consult architect. 63.72 International Live Stock Exposition and Fairs. 342.99 Miscellaneous . 334.17 Total .$5,255.85 It will be noted that the amount expended on account of attend¬ ing scientific meetings, etc., is only $2,751.77 or an average of less than $14 per teacher. It is believed that this small amount gives more satisfaction to the faculty and larger returns to the State as it is being used than if it were added to the salary payments. The American Association of Agricultural Colleges and Experi¬ ment Stations has approved a plan, which it is hoped may be worked out with the co-operation of the United States Department of Agriculture, whereby members of agricultural faculties who are entitled to sabbatical leave of absence may combine this absence with a study along their special line in some foreign country for a period from a few months to a year. Under this plan the college would continue to pay a part or all of the salary during the absence and the Federal government would pay expenses and any appropri 56 IQWA STATE COLLEGE ate supplementary salary. It is believed that such trips would prove of great benefit to the institutions represented and they would do much to strengthen the spirit of loyalty on the part of the faculty. RETIRING ALLOWANCES. The Legislature of Iowa has taken the necessary steps for a legislature to secure pension benefits from the Carnegie Founda¬ tion. The Board of Education has done its part. But pen¬ sions are not as yet provided. Much might be said upon this sub¬ ject. Criticism has been made of late, by persons whose opinions must be respected, to the effect that the State of Iowa should pro¬ vide the small sum necessary to give retiring allowances to teach¬ ers who deserve this recognition, rather than ask for such aid from another source. The Legislature has gone on record as desiring to have a pension system. It is well known that college teachers are poorly paid, and the fact is evident to many who are closely in touch with the situation that efficiency of a college teaching staff is seriously affected when teachers who should no longer be in service are continued in service, as is now the practice and will certainly remain the practice until some appropriate plan is put into oper¬ ation to care for them at least in part. This subject has been thoroughly studied by Dean Eugene Dav¬ enport of the University of Illinois, and he has shown that an insti¬ tution with a given amount of money for salary payments will secure larger and better returns if it sets aside a small portion of this fund to be used for retiring allowances and requires full and efficient service from all persons on the salary roll. In other words, a faculty made up entirely of strong, vigorous teachers, whose total salary payments amount to a given sum, is more efficient than a faculty including a few who have passed their period of efficiency, though this latter faculty receives a larger amount in salaries. It is urgently recommended that provision be made by the legis¬ lature whereby a reasonable proportion of funds available for sal¬ aries may be set aside by the Board of Education annually for use as retiring allowances as the Board of Education may determine, the benefits to be extended to those who have served long and faith¬ fully, and, to a limited extent, to their dependents. COLLEGIATE WORK 57 COLLEGIATE WORK. In 1911 a circular was issued by the United States Bureau of Education in which it was attempted to classify universities and colleges with reference to the value of their educational wqrk. Class I includes many of the leading institutions of the country. Its definition is as follows: “Institutions whose graduates would ordinarily be able to take the Master’s Degree at any of the leading graduate schools in one year after receiving the Bachelor’s Degree without necessarily doing more than the amount of work regularly prescribed for such high degree. ’ ’ In accordance with this definition, Iowa State College of Agri¬ culture and Mechanic Arts may be included in the Class I list with her corresponding sister institutions in the adjoining and more dis¬ tant states. Through action of the Board of Education, steps have been taken . to establish profitable co-operative arrangements between the State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts and other universities and colleges of the State, whereby students may take three years of work in the other institution, then two years of technical work at this College, a total of five years in the two institutions, and re¬ ceive a degree from each. It is believed this arrangement will be profitable on both sides. It will, for example, permit many young men interested in agriculture or engineering to take their prelim¬ inary foundation work, which is mostly covered by our freshman and sophomore years, in another institution of their choice, and come to Ames for the two years work which are given to juniors and seniors. This will tend to lessen the number of students in the lower classes in this College and may benefit some by permitting them to take a part of their college work nearer home or in an in¬ stitution favored by themselves or their parents for any reason, and it will relieve the other institution of the necessity of dupli¬ cating the expensive equipment provided here by the State for giving technical instruction. The five years of work should result in a course somewhat stronger along so-called cultural lines than 58 IOWA STATE COLLEGE a four-year course in this College. It has an advantage also in leading to a degree from each institution. The plan depends upon a thorough understanding between the two institutions, whereby each is willing to accept the work of the other, and under which the courses will be worked out jointly so that there will be no ques¬ tion concerning the work in one institution fitting that given to the student at the other place. Co-operative arrangements are now under consideration with several institutions. Steps have been taken to bring the different divisions of this College into closer relations by providing for visiting committees in the different division faculties to attend meetings of other division faculties. There has been some embarrassment because important subjects in courses of study leading to a degree are not represented in the division faculty in immediate charge of that degree. For example, the botany department has not been repre¬ sented in the agricultural faculty, and the department of math¬ ematics has not been represented in the engineering faculty. Both botany and mathematics are taught in departments in the Division of Industrial Science. Physics has not been represented in the home economics faculty or agricultural faculty, although it is an important subject in agricultural and home economics courses. The physics department is included in the Division of Engineering, where most of its work is required. Under the new plan, each division is represented by a committee of three of its teachers in each other division faculty. Further progress along this line is being considered with the hope that a plan may be developed which will bring together representatives of all departments or divisions which give important instruction leading to any degree, in the fac¬ ulty which is primarily in charge of that degree. The State Board of Examiners is charged with important duties in connection with the supervision of teachers. The State College is not represented in the membership of the Board. As a consider¬ able number of students from this College enter the teaching pro¬ fession, and it is highly desirable that they should do so, it would seem that this College should be represented on the Board, together with the State University and the State Teachers’ College. It is believed that the State law should be amended to so provide. It may be well here again to emphasize that the national Land Grand Act of 1862, under which this College is founded, provides in no uncertain terms for collegiate grade of instruction in agricul¬ ture, engineering, and all other lines of work included in our cur- COLLEGIATE WORK 59 riculum. The Land Grant Act does not exclude other and lower grades of educational work, but in various ways it specifically pro¬ vides for collegiate work. As late as 1890 the author of the law, Hon. Justin S. Morrill of Vermont, wrote that he hoped no effort would be successful in reducing a land grant institution below the rank of a college, and he continued, “It was of course intended by giving the lead to Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts to enable the sons of farmers to obtain an education to fit them as farmers or for any other vocation which they might choose. It was hoped to be particularly valuable to the industrial classes but it was never intended to exclude education of the highest dignity. ” From time to time even now, the question is raised as to whether land grant colleges are expected to do collegiate work. It is pointed out by some critics that as they are to serve the industrial classes it must be that Congress intended them k to do a lower grade of work. As if the industrial classes are not entitled to the best! Farmers and mechanics chiefly make up our industrial classes. Thus far in our history the industrial classes have contributed the most im¬ portant part of the learned men of the country. A better interpre¬ tation of the law would be that Congress wished to place the best educational facilities at the disposal of the great bulk of our popu¬ lation instead of having these advantages limited to comparatively few who are well to do or who might have special help in securing an education in a private institution. This national law provides for a college where the leading object is to be to teach such branches of learning as are related to agri¬ culture and the mechanic arts. This college teaching must be done to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions of life. This is called for by the national law and with the addition that it is to be without excluding other scientific and classical studies and that it is to include military tactics- Collegiate work was started at land grant colleges in many States, both in agriculture and mechanic arts, under the provisions of this national law. The situation was well known in Congress when section 4, which refers to the grade of instruction, was amended in 1883. If Congress had wished to lower the grade of work in agri¬ culture or mechanic arts from the collegiate grade, they could have made further amendments in section 4, but the part of this section which relates directly and indirectly to the grade of work to be given was carefully left without change. 60 IOWA STATE COLLEGE The provisions of the Federal Land Grant Act have been accepted by the State of Iowa and the carrying out of these provisions has been entrusted to the Iowa State College of Agriculture and Me¬ chanic Arts. The legislatures of Iowa have repeatedly shown that they want collegiate work of high character to be given at this Col¬ lege. This, of course, does not preclude sub-collegiate, experimen¬ tal, extension and short course work, but collegiate courses offered should be at least equal to corresponding courses in other land grant institutions, else they would not be good enough for many young men and young women of this State who have chosen agri¬ culture or engineering for their life .work and who wish *to have the best possible preparation. In these days it is recognized that agriculture or mechanic arts is as difficult to master as is law or liberal arts, and a thorough collegiate education is as profitable in the one as in the other. To advocate that education in agriculture of as high scholastic standard as education in other lines should not be offered in a great agricultural State, would be to indicate that agriculture is an inferior industry; at least it would be so regarded by the best and most promising young men and they would avoid such a calling. The same is true of engineering, vet¬ erinary medicine or industrial science, and it is true for young women in home economics. The giving of collegiate instruction is the largest activity of this College. Doubtless it will alwa