LI B R.AR.Y 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNIVEHSITY 
 
 Of ILLINOIS 
 
 977.392 
 H76h 
 1970 
 
 
 
 — 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2012 with funding from 
 
 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 
 
 http://archive.org/details/thehistoryofrandOOmont 
 
"THE HISTORY OF RANDOLPH COUNTY, ILLINOIS, 
 INCLUDING 
 OLD KASKASKIA ISLAND" 
 
 By 
 
 /; I. J. MONTAGUE 
 
 1859 
 
 Copiod by 
 
 Eltonboth Pinkorton Leigh ty 
 
 Sparta, Illinois 
 
 1948 
 

 
 Reproduced by 
 
 DUOPAGE PROCESS 
 
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 U.S. of America 
 
 Micro Photo Division 
 Bell & Howell Company 
 Cleveland, Ohio 44112 
 
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 I I1JTRQDUCTION AND MAP Elisabeth Pinkerton Leighty 
 
 II HISTORIAN E. J. MONTAGUE'S 
 
 "A DIRECTORY, BUSINESS IIIRRGR, 
 HISTORICAL SKETCHES, RANDOLPH 
 COUNTY, ILLINOIS, WITH BRIEF 
 NOTES OF THE PIONEER SETTI2- 
 lENTS", published in 1859 Pages 1-134- 
 
 Copied by Elisabeth Pinkerton Leighty 
 P III ZEBEDIAH BARKER III, MINUTE MAN Pages 13 5-13 5a 
 
 Sketch by Mrs. Lilian Bratney Gordon 
 
 IV REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS BURIED IN 
 
 * RANDOLPH COUNTY, ILLINOIS Pages 137-142 
 
 5? According to records of Harriet J # tfalker 
 
 CLASSIFIED PRECINCT DIRECTORIES 
 (Namos not repeated in Index) 
 
 Chester 7A~ 78 
 
 Coulterville 109-111 
 Eden 83- 89 
 
 Evan3ville 100-101 
 
 Florence (Ellis Grove) 112 -113 
 Kaskaskia Island 68- 70 
 
 VI INDEX Pages H3-158 
 
 Compiled by Lirs# Eliza Keys Pinlcerton 
 
 Liberty 
 
 97- 98 
 
 Pr. du Rocher 
 
 94- 95 
 
 Preston 
 
 116-118 
 
 Shiloh Hill 
 
 119-120 
 
 Sparta 
 
 82- 86 
 
 Steeleville 
 
 104-107 
 
<* 
 
 9 
 
 
 J. 
 
SKETCHES OF KASKASKIA 
 Indians 
 
 For many years before Kaskaskia was knov/n to the white 
 man, it was an Indian village, around v/hich the crude natives 
 hunted and fished, boiled their corn and venison, smoked the 
 calumet, and danced to the guttural notes of discordant music, 
 without a reference, therefore, to the Indian tribe from which 
 Kaskaskia has taken its name, a sketch of the place, however 
 complete in other particulars, would yet be imperfect. 
 
 At the time when the first white adventurers extended th. .r 
 explorations into Illinois, a confederation embracing five trx^es 
 the Kaskaskias, the Cahokias, the Tsrrarais (or Tamaroas,) the 
 Peorias and the Mitchigammies— were found inhabiting the lllinoj s 
 country, and were called the "Illinois Confederacy". 
 
 The Kaskaskias occupied the country around the village 
 which bears their name, and claimed for their hunting grounds 
 the district which now embraces the counties of Randolph, Jack- 
 son, Perry, Washington, and portions of St. Clair and Monroe. 
 The Cahokias inhabited the region around cahokia— -another Indi- 
 an village — v/hose history commences and runs along with that of 
 Kaskaskia— situated on the eastern bank of the Mississippi 
 river, in St. Clair county, a little below a point opposite the 
 city of St. Louis. The Tammarais have left no traces of their 
 locality, except that the Twelve Mile prairie, in St. Clair Co., 
 was formerly called "Prairie Tammarais", which gives founda- 
 tion to the opinion that that was the place of their residence. 
 It was an Indian tradition that this tribe was nearly exterminat- 
 ed in a battle with the Shawnees, fought on Six Mile prairie, in 
 Perry county. The bones of the slain, and other evidences of 
 the battle were to be seen there not many years ago. sometime 
 afterward, this tribe lost its national identity and united with 
 the Cahokias. The Peorias ranged along the Illinois river in 
 the region of the now flourishing city of Peoria, and left the 
 evidences of their battles with other tribes in that country, 
 which are yet visible. The Mitchigammies were first found along 
 the shores of Lake Michigan. But they removed in a few years 
 afterwards, and settled about Fort Chartres and Prairie du 
 Rocher (Illinois). Soon afterward they ceased to exist as a 
 distinct tribe, and the remnants blended with the Kaskaskias. 
 
 These tribes were once numerous and powerful in war, and. 
 successfully defended their claims to the country around the 
 southern borders of Lake Michigan; but a series of disastrous 
 conflicts with the doubly savage pottowatomies— a powerful 
 branch of the great Chippeway nation, who claimed and exercised 
 hunting and fishing dominion over that vast extent of country 
 which now embraces the State-, of Wisconsin, Micnigan, Indiana 
 and the northern portions of Illinois-so reduced their numbers 
 that they were forced southward in search of relief from their 
 

 P 
 
Q 
 
 SKETCHES OF KASKASKIA 
 Indians 
 
 For many years before Kaskaskia was known to the white 
 man, it was an Indian village, around whi'.ch the crude natives 
 hunted and fished, boiled their corn and venison, smoked the 
 calumet, and danced to the guttural notes of discordant music. 
 Without a reference, therefore, to the Indian tribe from which 
 Kaskaskia has taken its name, a sketch of the place, however 
 complete in other particulars, would yet be imperfect. 
 
 At the time when the first white adventurers extended thj .r 
 explorations into Illinois, a confederation embracing five tr^oes 
 the Kaskaskias, the Cahokias, the Tarrarais (or Tamaroas,) the 
 Peorias and the Mitchigamraies--were found inhabiting the Illinod s 
 country, and were called the "Illinois Confederacy". 
 
 The Kaskaskias occupied the country around the village 
 which bears their name, and claimed for their hunting grounds 
 the district which now embraces the counties of Randolph, Jack- 
 son, Perry, Washington, and portions of St. Clair and Monroe. 
 The Cahokias inhabited the region around cahokia— another Indi- 
 an village — whose history commences and runs along with that of 
 Kaskaskia — situated on the eastern bank of the Mississippi 
 river, in St. Clair county, a little below a point opposite the 
 city of St. Louis. The Tammarais have left no traces of their 
 locality, except that the Twelve Mile Prairie, in St. Clair Co., 
 was formerly called "Prairie Tammarais", which gives founda- 
 tion to the opinion that that was the place of their residence. 
 It was an Indian tradition that this tribe was nearly exterminat- 
 ed in a battle with the shawnees, fought on Six Mile Prairie, in 
 Perry county. The bones of the slain, and other evidences of 
 the battle were to be seen there not many years ago. sometime 
 afterward, this tribe lost its national identity and united with 
 the Cahokias. The Peorias ranged along the Illinois river in 
 the region of the now flourishing city of peoria, and left the 
 evidences of their battles with other tribes in that country, 
 which are yet visible. The Mitchigammies were first found along 
 the shores of Lake Michigan. But they removed in a few years 
 afterwards, and settled about Fort Chartres and Prairie du 
 Rocher (Illinois). Soon afterward they ceased to exist as a 
 distinct tribe, and the remnants blended with the Kaskaskias. 
 
 These tribes were once numerous and powerful in war, and 
 successfully defended their claims to the country around the 
 southern borders of Lake Michigan; but a series of disastrous 
 conflicts with the doubly savage Pottowatomies — a powerful 
 branch of the great Chippeway nation, who claimed and exercised 
 hunting and fishing dominion over that v ast extent of country 
 which now embraces the States of Wisconsin, Michigan, Indiana 
 and the northern portions of Illinois — so reduced their numbers 
 that they were forced southward in search of relief from their 
 
cruel adversaries. But even here they were not secure from 
 
 their savage kinsmen. Predatory bands of Kickapoos and 
 Shawnees occasionally engaged them in war, and reduced them 
 in numbers. One by one these tribes ceased to exist, and 
 united with another, until finally, in the year 1830, the 
 whole Confederacy was merged into the Kaskaskia tribe, and 
 known only as the "Kaskaskia Indians." 
 
 Thus banded together, and having only about one hundred 
 and fifty warriors, they were in a condition to love peace 
 rather than war, of which they had had more than sufficient to 
 satiate the ferocity of their savage natures. They hailed the 
 advent of the whites among them with joy, and cultivated their 
 friendship as a source of protection against the attacks of 
 their Indian enemies. For this reason, they became the friend .3 
 of the whites, and often rendered valuable services in the 
 capacity of spies and guides. It was the boast of Ducoagne, 
 or Ducogne, their last chief, that his tribe had never saea 
 the blood of the white man. 
 
 They cultivated some corn in the American Bottom, which, 
 with the game they obtained by hunting, furnished them a sub- 
 sistence. They exchanged their furs v/ith the French traders 
 for such articles of apparel as their habits of life and tastes 
 demanded. Leading a listless, indolent life, v/ith no higher 
 aim or ambition than obtaining sufficient food and raiment to 
 supply the wants of nature, they became lazy, drunken, de- 
 graded and debauched, and lost that noble spirit of dignity 
 and independence which pulses in the veins of the true Indian. 
 
 In the year 1833, finding their hunting grounds occupied 
 by the industrious white man, and not fitted to enjoy the privi- 
 leges of encroaching civilization, they bade farewell to the 
 land which had been the lifetime home of themselves and their 
 fathers, and Joined that stubborn tide of emigration which has 
 borne away towards the Pacific Ocean all that wild race of men, 
 who once held undisputed possession of the continent, vrith 
 tearful eyes and bitter lamentations, they turned their backs 
 upon scenes familiar and dear, and sought new hunting grounds • 
 towards the sotting sun. The tribe is now extinct, but a few 
 of the descendants still live with other tribes of the west. 
 The common fate of the Indian race is a source of saddening re- 
 flection; but the contributions to Christianity, to science, to 
 industrial enterprise, and the world is material wealth, and to 
 the political elevation of mankind, which have followed in their 
 retreating wake, sufficiently vindicate the usurpation. 
 
 # * # # 
 
 DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT OF KASKASKIA 
 
 The precise time of the discovery and settlement of Kas- 
 kaskia by the whites is not definitely fixed, but the best 
 known data determine it to have been in the year 1686. Explor- 
 ing parties had been traversing the Mississippi valley for some 
 
 -2- 
 
time before Kaskaskia was marked for settlement, a brief 
 reference, therefore, to these successive expeditions be- 
 comes necessary in completje^y the chain of events which gave 
 an origin to Kaskaskia. (/ 
 
 The romantic adventures ot James Marquette, the Jesvit 
 Missionary, and Chevalier Joliet, a merchant of Quebec, are 
 familiar to the readers of western history. These two in- 
 defatigable and fearless men were the pioneers of those ex- 
 plorations which opened the western wilderness to the ingress 
 of a white population. Their first expedition was com- 
 menced on the 10th day of June, 1670. They started from 
 Green Bay, accompanied by five others, and crossed the coun- 
 try on the head-waters of the Fox river to the Wisconsin, 
 which stream they descended to its mouth, and floated out 
 upon the broad bosom of the majestic Mississippi, on the 
 17th of the same month. From the time the heroic adventurer, 
 DeSoto, and his brave followers discovered this great river, 
 in 1542. its mighty current had swept along unseen by the eye 
 of civilized man, until the day these two Frenchmen enteiei 
 it at the mouth of the Wisconsin river. They beheld its 
 grandeur and magnitude, M arquette remarks, "with a joy I 
 cannot express." 
 
 Resolving at once to descend and see where the fresh, 
 clear waters of this noble river were lost in the ocean, 
 they lost no time in prosecuting their perilous journey. As 
 they passed along, they noticed the Piasau — a painted* 
 rock standing on the margin of the river, near the present 
 city of Alton; the confluence of the Missouri's muddy current 
 with the pure waters of the Mississippi; the Grand Tower — 
 a high, perpendicular rock standing near the middle of the 
 river, about thirty miles below the present city of Chester; 
 the mouth of the Ohio, which they thought was the Wabash. 
 Finally, reaching an Indian village in Arkansas, where they 
 found the natives savage and ferocious, almost beyond contro] , 
 and learning it was yet a long distance to the mouth of the 
 river, they determined to return, and accordingly, on the 
 17th of July, one month from the day they first saw the 
 river — they commenced their homeward journey. Instead of re- 
 turning by the Wisconsin river as they had come, they as- 
 cended the Illinois and reached Lake Michigan about the 
 locality of Chicago, from whence they went direct to Green 
 Bay, at which place they arrived in September. 
 
 The pious and holy Marquette went about his missionary 
 labors with the Indians, and died suddenly soon afterwards. 
 Joliet went immediately to Quebec , and spread an account of 
 their discoveries before the people, who became so electri- 
 fied by the thrilling narrative of their voyage that the 
 spirit of adventure rose to fever heat. The news soon 
 reached France, and produced a similar excitement there. 
 Impelled by the feverish zeal which these reports created, 
 came Robert De La Salle, v/hose enthusiastic composition was 
 almost melting with the eagerness of adventure. Upon his ar- 
 rival at Quebec, he conceived the project of establishing a 
 
 -3- 
 
line of posts from Canada, through the Illinois country, 
 and down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico, securing 
 the approbation and influence of ^rontinac, then the 
 Governor-General of Canada, he returned to France, and laid 
 the plans of his enterprise before Colvert, the King's minis- 
 ter. Meeting a favorable consideration from the King, he 
 was created a Chevalier, and received a commission to return 
 and rebuild Fort Front inac. Upon the reconstruction of ths 
 Fort he labored with indefatigable zeal until the Autumn of 
 1677, when he sailed again to France, 
 
 Having fulfilled his mission to the satisfaction of the 
 King, he received an outfit for a voyage, and brought with 
 him thirty-four emigrants to the New world, among whom was 
 Lieutenant M. Tonti, an Italian, who became the devoted 
 friend and faithful follower of Lasalle in all his expeditions 
 and enterprises. During the next five years he traveled the 
 wilderness almost constantly, arcjnd the Lakes, and from St, 
 Anthony's F alls to the mouth ol the Mississippi, encounter- 
 ing difficulties, perils and privations almost beyond human 
 endurance. In the autumn of 1683, he sailed a third time, 
 for France. The energetic industry he had displayed in prose- 
 cuting his adventurous exploits, secured for him the cordial 
 approbation of the King, who placed under his direction a 
 fleet of four vessels, carrying two hundred and eighty emi- 
 grants for settlement in the wild country which he had been 
 exploring. It was the intention of Lasalle to make the mouth 
 of the Mississippi river; but, dissensions of a most discord- 
 ant and disastrous character arising between him and M. de 
 Beaugeu, the marine commander, the fleet drifted slowly and 
 sluggishly across the ocean, and finally, after a voyage of 
 six month's duration, they reached Madagarda Bay, in Texas, 
 having drifted southward of the Mississippi. After exploring 
 the coast for a few months, the commander left Lasalle and his 
 party to search alone for the "hidden river", and returned 
 with the fleet to France, with hope and courage such as few 
 men ever possessed, did Lasalle continue to search for the 
 mouth of the Mississippi, by which he wished to return to 
 Canada, Disappointment met him in every expedition; but his 
 spirit was a stranger to despair, and he continued to traverse 
 the marshy country along the Gulf coast, until his followers, 
 less courageous than himself, and dying from fatigue and fever, 
 became dispirited and sullenly refused to obey him. Mutiny 
 arose, which alone would have disappointed the object of the 
 search; but fate had decreed a more tragic termination to the 
 Chevalier's exploits. He was waylaid and shot dead by one of 
 the chief conspirators. 
 
 During the -two years which Lasalle had been absent, his 
 lieutenant, Tonti, who had been left in command of the Illi- 
 nois country, was engaged in explorations, and. building forts. 
 The long absence of Lasalle, from whom he could get no intelli- 
 gence, was a source of melancholy speculation for Tonti. 
 Finally, hearing a rumor that Lasalle was in the west Indies, 
 he organized an expedition, and descended the Mississippi in 
 search of him; but, on reaching the mouth, he was compelled to 
 
 -4- 
 
return without any tidings of his long lost friend. In 
 making this voyage he established several trading posts, 
 and the weight of authority establishes the opinion that 
 Kaskaskia was one of them. The presumption, therefore, is 
 irreoistablc, that M. Tonti way the first white man whose 
 foot pressed the soil on which Kaskaskia wa3 afterward 
 built. As it became a permanent settlement, its existence 
 may date from that period — 1696. 
 
 Father Allous, a companion of Lasalle, and a devoted 
 Christian missionary, came to Kaskaskia soon after the visit 
 of Tonti, and established a missionary station. He was 
 probably the first white man who made a permanent residence 
 in Kaskaskia. In a short time afterwards the French traders 
 made their advent into the place, and then commenced the 
 transition from an Indian to a French village. This trans- 
 ition, however, was rather slow for several years, as the 
 French who came at that time were chiefly traders, whose 
 avocation required them to be transient rather than perma- 
 nent inhabitants. Probably Kaskaskia could not be con- 
 sidered anything more than a trading post and mission sta- 
 tion, before the year 1712. The mission became a very 
 flourishing one soon after it was established by Father 
 Allous. In 1690, Father Gravier took charge of the station, 
 and christened it "The Village of the Immaculate Conception 
 of the Holy Virgin." A chapel was erected, probably on the 
 eastern side of the Kaskaskia river, near the residence of 
 Mr. Menard, the remains of which are still to be seen. The 
 ruins of another Jesuit chapel, erected just in the rear of 
 the present church edifice, are also visible, but at what 
 time it was built is now unknown. A Jesuit register, com- 
 mencing in 1695, has been preserved, and is now among the 
 church papers of the parish. At what particular period the 
 first permanent settlers came to Kaskaskia, and who they 
 were, is a matter more of conjecture than certainty; no 
 record of them having been preserved. It is known, however, 
 that previous to the year 1720., a considerable emigration 
 had arrived from Canada and France, by the way of New Orle- 
 ans, and made permanent settlements, as to the names of 
 these pioneers, there is also an uncertainty, but the most 
 authentic traditions v/hich the writer has been able to 
 gather, corroborates the well established belief among the 
 present inhabitants of Kaskaskia, that the following were 
 among the principal ones of those early settlers, viz: 
 Bazyl La Chapelle, Michael Derouse, (called St. Pierre,) 
 Jean Baptiste St. Gemme Beauvais, Baptiste Montreal, Boucher 
 De Montbrun, C harles Danie, Francois charlesville, Antoinc 
 Bienvenu, Louis Buyat, Alexis Doza, Joseph Paget, Prix Pagi, 
 Michael Antoyen, Langlois De Lisle, La Derrouttc, Noval, 
 and some few others. 
 
 Bazyl La Chappelle was among the first from Canada, 
 and came to Kaskaskia in company with eleven brothers, but he 
 alone of the number remained permanently. He left four sons: 
 Antoine, Louis, La Chappelle and Baptiste, from whom are 
 
 -5- 
 
descended the family bearing that name; Louis La Chappelle, 
 new living about two miles south of the village, is the 
 son of Baptiste. 
 
 Michael Derouse came also from Canada, and was the pro- 
 genitor of the numerous family of that name now living in 
 and around Kaskaskia. This is the most numerous of any 
 descendency of the original settlers. He was the father of 
 Michael, Joseph, Phillip, Jerome, DeBarbeau, who became 
 prominent and influential men in the community. Pierre 
 Derouse, now living in the vicinity of Kaskaskia, at the 
 age of 60 years, is a son of Joseph. 
 
 (It is proper to explain th«- 1 the names by which many 
 of the French are known are those of the names of the places 
 from whence they came. For instance, "Beauvais" was af- 
 fixed to the name "St. Gemmo" because that family came from 
 the city of Eeauvais in France. In many instances the real 
 name has been lost, and that of the town from which the per- 
 son came substituted. The Derouse family came originally 
 from St. Pierre, in France, which accounts for that affix 
 to their name. The right name of the Montreal family, is 
 now unknown. The first of the name who came to Canada, 
 were called "Montrois", because they came from Montrois, 
 and after they came to Kaskaskia, they received the name 
 of Montreal, for the reason that they came from Montreal, 
 iri Canada. The St. Gemme family dropped the affix "Beau-' 
 vais" after they came to Kaskaskia, and are now known by 
 the original name, some of the descendants residing in St. 
 Genevieve, Mo. are now writing the name "St. James".) 
 
 Jean Baptiste St. Gemme was the first of that family 
 who located in Kaskaskia. He was a man of some wealth and 
 became a conspicuous constituent of the place. He lived to 
 a very old age, and died leaving six sons: Raphael, Antoine, 
 Charles, Joseph, Vitol, and Baptiste, and two daughters, one 
 of whom married De Ruisseau, and is the grandmother of Mrs. 
 J. H. Lucas of St. Louis. Joseph, the third son, died in 
 early life, and was buried in Kaskaskia by the side of his 
 father and mother; Raphael became a citizen of New Orleans, 
 and died there; Charles died somewhere in Louisiana; An- 
 toine moved to Arkansas where he died, at an advanced age. 
 Vitol and Baptiste were among the first French settlers of 
 St. Genevieve, Mo., and died in that place, leaving large 
 families, some of whom are yet living; Mrs. jarrot, of St. 
 Louis, now eighty years old, is the daughter of Vitol St. 
 Gemme. Baptiste had fourteen children, three of whom are 
 yet living; viz: Augustus St. Gemme, aged 68 years; Eleanor 
 aged 66; and Julia, aged 76. 
 
 Raphael St. Gemme first located at Fort Du Quesne, and 
 took part in the defense of the Fort, an interesting account 
 of which will be found in Sparks'. He also aided in the 
 celebrated defeat of Gen. Braddock on the 9th of July, 1755. 
 He afterwards came to Kaskaskia and located permanently* His 
 family consisted of one son, Alexis, and five daughters. 
 
 -6- 
 
Alexis St. Gemme was the grandfather of Mrs. Maxwell, now 
 residing in Kaskaskia. 
 
 Baptiste Montreal came from Canada, and was noted for 
 his industry and quiet deportment. From him sprang the 
 numerous family bearing his name. One of his grandsons 
 died a few months ago, aged seventy-seven years. 
 
 Boucher De Montbrun was a man of sprightly activity, 
 and became very prominent in Kaskaskia. He married a [Miss 
 Langlois, a lady of much beauty and respectability, some 
 of his descendants are now to be found in that country. 
 
 Charles Danie devoted his life to the quiet pursuit of 
 farming. The oldest land grant on record that we have been 
 able to discover, was made to Charles Danie, on the 10th 
 day of May, 1722. His descendants became very numerous at 
 one time, but now only a few of them remain. 
 
 Francois Charlesville came among the first from Canada, 
 and engaged in 'trading down the riVs?r to New Orleans. He 
 v/as a man of remarkable shrewdness and energy, and amassed 
 considerable wealth. Charlesville left four sons — Francois, 
 Baptiste, Charles, and Louis. Andrew Charlesville, now 
 living in the Point, about 70 years old, is the son of 
 Francois, and grandson of the first Francois. 
 
 Antoine Bienvenu came from New Orleans, and brought 
 with him considerable wealth. He lived for the sole object 
 of enjoying life, and probably no man ever received a larger 
 share of life's ephemeral joys. He left three sons, Antoine, 
 Henry, and Michael, all of whom lived and died in Kaskaskia. 
 Some of their children are yet living about the village. 
 
 Louis Buyat came direct frua France to Kaskaskia. He 
 belonged to a family of some rank, and on his arrival in 
 Kaskaskia, he took a leading position among the people. 
 The bell which hangs by the c hurch, whose mellow tones 
 were the first ever heard in the Mississippi Valley, and 
 which has announced the hour of worship for more than a 
 hundred years, was sent as a present to Mr. Buyat to be 
 given by him to the infant church of America. His name is 
 intimately connected with the church and the town. From 
 him sprang a numerous descendency, Louis Buyat, the first 
 son of the pioneer, was the father of Louis, Michael, 
 Nicholas, Henry, and Joseph, who became prominent men cmong 
 the people. Joseph, the youngest son is still living, and 
 is now one of the oldest men to be found about Kaskaskia. 
 The family is less numerous now than formerly. 
 
 Alexis Doza was from Canada, and possessed a remarkable 
 energy and courage. His son, named also /lexis, became one 
 of the most distinguished characters of Kaskaskia. He was 
 fearless of danger, adventurous, energetic, and possessed a 
 degree of hardihood and endurance which rarely falls to the 
 
 -7- 
 
lot of man. It is related of him that he would start from 
 Kaskaskia at any hour, whether night or day, and make the 
 trip to Vincennes, on foot and alone, in three days. He be- 
 came a carrier of dispatches between the two posts, and 
 would travel across the country \*hen it was extremely dang- 
 erous for any white man to be found outside the villages. 
 Some of his descendants are yet living about Kaskaskia. 
 
 Joseph Paget was probably the father of Prix Pagi, 
 (although there is a difference in the orthography of the 
 names). Prix Pagi erected a mill on the site where Mr. 
 Daniel Reily's mill stands. He was murdered in the mill 
 by the Indians. 
 
 Of Michael Autyen, De Lisle, La Deroutte, and Noval, 
 we have been unable to learn anything beyond the fact, that 
 they were among the earliest pioneers, and occupied con- 
 spicuous positions in the village. 
 
 Mr. Langlois located and lived in Kaskaskia, until 
 the year 1736, when he Joined the expedition under 
 D'Artaguette (then Governor of Illinois,) and Vincennes, 
 against the Chickasaw Indians, and with them was taken 
 prisoner and burned at the stake. Some of his descendants 
 are now living about Prairie du Rocher. 
 
 Though these pioneers in the western world were sur- 
 rounded by a wilderness, inhabited only by Indians and wile? 
 beasts, with no communication with civilized man, except 
 through tedious voyages of the traders to New Orleans, and 
 the occasional visits to and from the villages of cahokia 
 and Vincennes, yet no people probably ever enjoyed life 
 better than they did. They were frank, open-hearted, broth- 
 erly, unambitious, careless of the acquisition of property, 
 contented and joyous. Bringing with them the gayeties and 
 vivacity of Paris life, they indulged in every variety of 
 social amusement, and enjoyed more of life's pleasures than 
 is usually allotted to pioneers. Destitute of a pretext 
 for that strife, contention and bickering which a desire for 
 wealth never fail3 to create, they lived in peaceful har- 
 mony, and culled from each passing hour the larger share of 
 its moments for enjoyment. Their wealth, their time and la- 
 bor, were matters of indifference — . v/ith a superabundance 
 of wheat and corn, which they reaped from the soil with but 
 little cultivation, and being supplied by the Indians with 
 plenty of venison and bear meat, they realized no cares or 
 anxiety, and were contented and happy, if the unalloyed 
 happiness of temporal life has ever been enjoyed, it was 
 certainly approached by those early pioneers of Kaskaskia. 
 
 They introduced the French system of agriculture, and 
 each family had a parcel of land in the "Common Field". A 
 strict community system was observed, and if the head of a 
 family was sick or necessarily absent, his crop was attended 
 to by his neighbors. Ordinances were made regulating the 
 repairs of fences, time of gathering crops, and opening the 
 
 -8- 
 
field for the range of stock, in the fall. Each plat or 
 land in the C ommon Field was distinctly marked out and 
 owned in fee simple by the person to whom granted. It was 
 a universal custom among the villagers, when the husband 
 returned in the evening, weary from his daily toils, for 
 his affectionate wife and children to meet him with a kiss. 
 This domestic interview was at the: gate of the door-yard, 
 in full view of tho village. It was an evidence of tho 
 happiness that reigned within. 
 
 THE CHURCH 
 
 At what time the first parish priest appeared among 
 the people of Kaskaskia, is now unknown; neither can it be 
 ascertained when the first parish church was buiZt. It is 
 certain, however, that the parish congregation occupied the. 
 Jesuit chapel until about the year 1721, when the old build- 
 ing which stood for half a century was erected. This was 
 the first permanent church built west of the Alleghany 
 Mountains, upon this continent. The bell which now hangs 
 by the spacious brick church in Kaskaskia, was brought from 
 Prance and placed upon this old building, and was the first 
 bell to ring out the tidings of Christian worship in the 
 Mississippi valley. Its measured strokes have tolled at 
 the burial of three generations, and still the towering 
 forest trees and hill sides in the vicinity echo its musi- 
 cal pealing. The church record, now among the archives of 
 the church, reaches back only to the year 1721 — the previous 
 record, if there was any kept, having been lost. At that 
 time Father Gibault was the officiating priest. He' resided 
 at Prairie du Rocher and was priest of that parish. He per- 
 formed the duties pertaining to his holy office, for both 
 these parishes, for many years, and died deeply lamented by 
 the people, for whose spiritual good he had lived and labored. 
 He lived a truly Christian life, and so deported himself as 
 to show that he was at peace with his God, and his fellow 
 men. He wa3 always cheerful, and carried with him a smile 
 and pleasant word for every one he met. The church to which 
 reference has been made, stood until about the year 1780, 
 when another was erected near the same spot, which gave place 
 to the present large brick edifice about twenty years ago. 
 It is one of the largest churches in Illinois. Father Perren 
 is now the officiating priest, and though he has attained 
 the age of sixty, he is able to read the ancient church 
 record, which is imperfect French manuscript, without the 
 aid of glasses. 
 
 GOVERNMENT 
 
 In the year 1708, the French Government sent out 
 D<Artaguette as commissary of Louisiana, with instructions 
 to put in operation a system of government* 
 
 He made some progress tov/ards the object of his mission, 
 but owing to the remote distances of the settlements from 
 each other, he could do but little. In 1712, the French 
 Government, believing the object could be best attained 
 through private enterprise, conferred upon a wealthy merchant 
 
 -9- 
 
of Paris, named Crozat, the monopoly of Louisiana for fif- 
 teen years, expecting that his commercial operations would 
 be an inducement to a speedy colonization of the country. 
 The nucleus of his operations was in Louisiana, but his 
 trading posts extended throughout the Mississippi valley, 
 A post established at Kaskaskia, was the means of creating 
 a lively trade in deer, buffalo, and bear meat, which were 
 purchased for transportation to New Orleans and Mobile. 
 This also stimulated the erection of Mills for the manu- 
 facture of flour, to be shipped to the same market. Traces 
 of these mills may be seen to this day, along the bluffs 
 which skirt the cultivated lands, and the renains of a 
 wind-mill were visible a few years ago, in the prairie 
 between Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher. The remains of a 
 mill are yet to be seen on the eastern side of ttfu river, 
 near the residence of Mr. Menard. It was prooab^y at this 
 time that a mill was erected upon the same L ;ite where Mr. 
 Riley «s mill now stands. 
 
 Crozat was succeeded, in 1717, by the "Company of the 
 West", organized in Paris, to cooperate with a crazy scotch- 
 man, ETohn Law, in a wild banking and stockjobbing scheme, 
 and invested in fee simple to the public lr.nds. From this 
 source the villages and individuals obtained grants and titles 
 to such quantities of the public domain as they wanted. This 
 company was merged into the "Royal Company of the Indies", 
 in 1719, and thereafter transacted business under that name. 
 M. Boisbriant, the representative of the crown and commis- 
 sary of the Company, and De Ursins, were stationed at Fort 
 Chartres for the purpose of conveying lands to the settlers. 
 A series of articles were enacted in 1721, by a council de- 
 puted by the King of France, for the government of the Royal 
 Company. Under these regulations the company prospered, and 
 agriculture, commerce and population increased rapidly. — 
 Here a little pebble of civilization had been dropped into 
 the centre of the wild ocdan of savage life, and the circling 
 ripple was well started, and beginning to widen out. 
 
 Through the agency of this Company, horses, cattle, 
 hogs, and chickens were introduced. Cattle were brought 
 from Canada, and were almost universally black. Horses were 
 brought from the Spanish possessions in the south. They were 
 6f the Arabian stock, having been introduced into Spain by 
 the Moors, and brought to America by the Spaniards. The 
 celebrated French, or "Point Ponies",, have descended from 
 this stock. The "Company of St. Phillips" — a branch of the 
 Royal Company, was organized in 171.9, in Paris, and Philip 
 Francois Renault was appointed the principal agent. He ex- 
 pected to engage in mining, and brought with him about two 
 hundred miners, mechanics and laborers. He stopped in the 
 West Indies and bought five hundred negro slaves, and arrived 
 •in Illinois with ample means for prosecuting the business of 
 the Company. This was the origin of the "French slaves" in 
 Illinois, whose numerous descendants can now be found in 
 Kaskaskia, St. Genevieve, St. Louis and many other places. 
 
 The charter of the Royal Company was surrendered in 
 1732, and the country reverted back again to the Government 
 
 -10- 
 
of France, M. D»Artaguette was appointed Governor of Illi- 
 nois. Under his administration the French settlements en- 
 joyed their palmiest days. He became a very popular man, 
 and was known from Louisiana to Canada. He gave his per- 
 sonal attention and energies to every enterprise whose ob- 
 ject was to benefit the people of his province. 
 
 In 1736, when the French Government decided upon an 
 expedition against the Chickasaw Indians, he collected all 
 the military force he could muster in the Illinois and Wa- 
 bash country, which consisted of a few regulars who had 
 been stationed at Fort Chartres, a few companies of volun- 
 teer militia, and about one thousand redskins, wnom he had 
 induced to join his army by his own personal influence 
 among them. He descended the Mississippi to the lower 
 Chickasaw Bluffs, and then crossed the country to the sources 
 of the Tallahatchie river, where, by appointment, he was to 
 meet Bienville, with the troops from Louisiana. Bienville 
 failed to come at the appointed time, and not being able to 
 restrain the undisciplined Indians, D'Artagv.ette was forced 
 to attack the enemy against his own judgment. His little 
 army was forced to retreat, and he and the gallant Vincennes, 
 and some others were taken prisoners and were burned at the 
 stake. Never did Indian fires crackle the sinews of braver 
 and nobler men. La Buissonierre was appointed the successor 
 of D f Artaguette, and administered the government until the 
 year 1751. During this period the whole country enjoyed a 
 profound peace. Happiness and prosperity smiled upon the 
 settlements. The Indians throughout the whole length and 
 breadth of the valley were at peace, and the commercial 
 intercourse between the Southern and Northern posts, which 
 had been interrupted by the Chickasaws, was again resumed. 
 Chevalier McCarty succeeded to the Governship in 1751, and 
 continued to hold the position until a short time before 
 the country passed into the possession of the Fnglish, in 
 1763. M. St. Ange de Belle Rive was the last of the French 
 Governors for the Illinois country. 
 
 On the arrival of Capt. Stirling, of the Royal High- 
 landers, in 1765, Governor Rive retired to St. Louis. Capt. 
 Stirling died at Fort Chartres a short time after his ar- 
 rival, and was succeeded first by Llajor Frazier, and soon 
 after by Col. Reed, who became notorious for his military 
 oppressions. His career, however, was short, as he was suc- 
 ceeded in 1760. by Col. v/ilkins, who, by the authority of 
 Gen. Gage, then Commander of the British army in America, 
 established a court of justice. He appointed seven judges 
 v/ho held court at Fort Chartres, commencing on the 6th of 
 December, 1768. This was the first court of c ommon law 
 jurisdiction ever held in the Mississippi valley. In 1772, 
 the seat of government was moved from Fort Chartres to Fort 
 Gage. The British garrison which had been stationed at Fort 
 Chartres, under the command of t he Governor, removed and 
 occupied the Fort. This Fort became the seat of Government, 
 and was occupied for that purpose as long as the English re- 
 tained possession of the country. M. Rocheblave, a French- 
 
 -11- 
 
man. was commandant at the time the Fort was surrendered to 
 Col. Clark, 1778, 
 
 CLARIS EXPEDITION 
 
 The people of Kaskaskia and the west took but little 
 part in the American Revolution, during the first years of 
 its existence. Remotely situated from the theatre of war. 
 and menaced by no invading army, they quietly pursued their 
 ordinary avocations, giving themselves but little concern 
 about affairs on the Atlantic coast. Indeed, they knew but 
 little of what was going on, for the means of obtaining news 
 was scarcely sufficient to give them a correct irca of the 
 cause of the war. A small garrison of British soldiers oc- 
 cupied Fort Gage, and passed the time in listless inactivity* 
 
 In 1778, Col. George Rogers Clark, acting under in- 
 structions of Patrick Henry, then Governor of Virginia, col- 
 lected four companies of volunteers in the neighborhood of 
 the "Ohio Falls" and"Corn Islandy and set out on an expedi- 
 tion to take Kaskaskia. This little army, numbering one 
 hundred and fifty-three men, descended the Ohio river to 
 Fort Massacre, below the mouth of the Tennessee, where they 
 landed and commenced their march across the wilderness. 
 
 On the banks of the Ohio they found a party of hunters 
 from Kaskaskia, from whom they obtained important informa- 
 tion about the state of affairs there. Clark secured John 
 Saunders, one of the hunting party, to conduct the army 
 across the country. The distance was one hundred and twenty 
 miles. Reaching the vicinity of the Fort on the ^eastern side 
 of the river, Clark concealed his men until nightfall, and 
 sent out spies to reconnoitre and report. After dark he took 
 possession of the old ferry house, three-quarters of a mile 
 above the village. Here he divided his army into three 
 parties; two were to cross the river and attack the town 
 upon two points, while the third was to capture the Fort. 
 The British had instilled into the minds of the French that 
 the "Long-Knives" — as they called the Virginians — were the 
 most terrible monsters in the world. Clark used this im- 
 pression to a good purpose. in this attack. He directed that 
 the divisions crossing the river should enter the town frcm 
 two opposite extremes, and as they c ame in they should 
 frighten the quietly slumbering people into a surrender. 
 These divisions were under the command of the intrepid 
 Captain Helm, and when they entered the town, and were well 
 distributed through it, they set up such a terrific yelling 
 and shouting as frightened the unsuspecting people into the 
 thought that the whole savage race of "Long-Knives" had brok- 
 en loose upon them. Never did such a hideous, terrifying 
 noise proceed from human beings as those Virginians kept up 
 until the dawn of day. The terrified people were told if 
 they remained in their houses they would not be hurt, but 
 if they came out, or made any resistance, they would be 
 killed in the most barbarous manner. They surrendered their 
 guns and every means of defense, and seemed willing to ac- 
 
 -18- 
 
cede to any demand which the invaders should make. Never 
 were people more effectually frightened. They believed that 
 they were surrounded by a number of these monsters sufficient 
 to exterminate the whole village in half an hour. 
 
 When morning came, the people were not less terrified 
 at the appearance of the "Long-Knives", than they had been 
 at their furious noise. 
 
 While the tumultuous uproar of taking Kaskaskia was 
 going on, Clark, at the head of the third division of his 
 little army, was quietly possessing himself of Fort G^ge. 
 The Fort was well guarded with regular soldiers, and cannon, 
 Clark had no cannon or any means whatever, of assaulting the 
 Port. It became necessary, therefore, to resort t,q strata- 
 gem. By accident, an American in the Fort, whose sympa- 
 thies were with the American cause, met Capt. Kenton, who 
 was leading the detachment to enter the Fort. This Ameri- 
 can conducted Kenton and his men in by a back gate. They 
 found a light burning, but all within were sleeping soundly. 
 Governor Rocheblave had no intimation of what was going on 
 until awakened by Capt. Kenton to be informed that he was a 
 prisoner. 
 
 The annals of romance furnish nothing more singular 
 than this achievement. The origin of the expedition, the 
 Journey — with its perils and hardships, the manner of the 
 attack, and the success, possessed the air of fiction. 
 
 V/ith the Fort in his possession, which commanded 
 Kaskaskia. Clark had the means of enforcing any mandate he 
 might issue. The people were in his power and regarded him 
 with mistrustful awe. The day after the conquest, Clark 
 organized a temporary military government, and put some 
 suspected persons in prison. Governor Rocheblave was re- 
 fractory, and Clark put him in irons and sent him in charge 
 of Capt. Montgomery to Williamsburg, then the capital of 
 Virginia. 
 
 The people, fearfully excited, and seeing these pro- 
 ceedings, concluded that some terrible doom awaited them. 
 Clark designedly remained silent, and appeared to be medita- 
 ting some mode of awful torture to inflict upon the people. 
 On the third day, U. Gibault, the priest, and some others, 
 came to Clark and asked that they might have permission to 
 assemble in the church once more before they were destroyed, 
 and bid each other a last farewell. 
 
 Clark replied, in a very careless manner, that he 
 cared but little how they took their final separation— that 
 they could go to the church if they wished. He look de- 
 struction, and his words, which were few, scorched as if 
 they proceeded from out a fiery furnace. 
 
 The whole population assembled in the church, mourn- 
 fully chanted their prayers, and took final, leave — never ex- 
 
 -13- 
 
never expecting to meet each other age In in this world. 
 After their parting interview was over — which must have 
 been a scene to melt the savage hearts of the imaginary 
 "Long-Khives" — Clark, regarding the object of his artful 
 maneuver fully accomplished, called them together, and 
 thus addressed them: 
 
 "Who do you take us to be? Do you think we are 
 savages — that we intend to massacre you? Do you think 
 Americans will strip women and children, and take the 
 bread out of their mouths? My countrymen never make waxr 
 upon the innocent. It was to protect our own wi/es and 
 children that we have penetrated this wilderness to sub- 
 due these British posts, from whence the savages are sup- 
 plied with arms and ammunition to murder us, v/e no not 
 war against Frenchmen. The King of France, your former 
 master, is our ally. His ships and soldiers are fighting 
 for the Americans. The French are our friends. Go and 
 enjoy your religion, and worship where you please. Re- 
 tain your property — and now please to inform all your 
 citizens for me that thoy are quite at liberty to conduct 
 themselves as usual, and dismiss all apprehensions of 
 alarm, v/o are your friends, and cama to deliver you from 
 the British." 
 
 This speech relieved the pressure of anxiety which 
 had weighed so heavily upon them, and a revulsion of the 
 most uproarious joy prevailed throughout the town. To 
 the people it seemed a deliverance from horrible tortures 
 and death. They cheerfully and gladly acknowledged Clark 
 the Commandant of the country. 
 
 In the winter following, Col. Clark received informa- 
 tion that Gov. Hamilton, commanding the British forces at 
 Vincennes, had determined to re-capture Kaskaskia. At 
 first Clark decided to defend, and commenced preparing 
 Fort Gage for the siege, but upon mature reflection he re- 
 solved to invade Vincennes and take Hamilton, lest Hamilton 
 should invade Kaskaskia and take him. He reinforced the 
 remnant of his army still remaining, by a volunteer company 
 of Frenchmen from Kaskaskia, under Capt. C harlesville, and 
 another from Cahokia, commanded by Capt. Mccarty, and on- 
 the 7th of February, 1779, this heroic band, with the brave 
 and sagacious Clark at its head, commenced the perilous 
 march on the "Old Vincennes trace" to Fort sackville. a 
 boat had been dispatched around by the Ohio river, carry- 
 ing two four-pound cannon, four swivels, and a quantity of 
 provisions. Capt. John Rogers, with forty-six men, was 
 entrusted with this boat, and instructed to meet the army 
 near Vincennes. V/hen Clark approached the village, he sent 
 a note to the inhabitants informing them of his arrival, 
 and the object of his coming. To make the people think 
 that he had a formidable army, he sent in the names of var- 
 ious gentlemen in Kentucky, to their acquaintances in Vin- 
 cennes, which made them believe thet nearly all Kentucky 
 was in the field. He practiced this delusion upon the 
 troops in the garrison, a3 well as upon the people of the 
 
 '-14- 
 
town, by inarching his army several times around a mound in 
 the prairie, changing the colors of the flag every time he 
 came around on the side of the mound next the Fort. These 
 several divisions of a fine Kentucky army, carefully 
 watched and counted by the soldiers in the Fort, had & 
 dampening effect upon red-coat bravery. The assault on the 
 Fort was made on the evening of the 23d. On the morning of 
 the 24th, Clark, moved apparently by an amiable desire to 
 prevent further bloodshed, sent in a note ordering Gov. 
 Hamilton to surrender the garrison immediately. 
 
 The Governor refused to comply with this peremptory 
 order, and Clark renewed the attack with all the force and 
 fury he could summon. An incessant fire of eighteen hours 
 brought forth a note from Hamilton, requesting a truce for 
 three days, and an interview with Col. Clark. To this note 
 Clark briefly replied, positively refusing to grar.t the 
 truce, but very carelessly remarked that if Hamii-on wished 
 to talk with him, he could be found at the church. Hamil- 
 ton sought the interview, .which gave Clark to understand 
 that the Governor was becoming concerned about his situa- 
 tion. Clark was powerfully courageous. He would listen to 
 nothing but an 'immediate surrender of the garrison at dis- 
 cretion. Hamilton yielded, and on the 25th, the Fort, with 
 all its stores, amounting in value to more than fifty thou- 
 sand dollars, was surrendered, seventy-nine prisoners were 
 paroled, and went to Detroit. Governor Hamilton was sent 
 under a strong. escort to the capital of Virginia. 
 
 This reference to the taking of Vincennes diverges 
 somewhat beyond the limits of these sketches, but it ap- 
 peared necessary as a connecting link in the chain of events 
 of which Kaskaskia was the prolific source, and to show more 
 fully the operations and character of Col. Clark, than whom 
 no man was better fitted for the conquest of Illinois. 
 High upon the scroll of fame should be registered, in en- 
 during characters, the name of George Rogers Clark. Upon 
 the summit of Garrison Hill, amidst the remaining ruins of 
 Fort Gage, Illinois should do honor to a gallant soldier and 
 pure patriot, by the erection of a monument to his memory. 
 
 ILLINOIS BELONGED TO VIRGINIA 
 
 Col. Clark had now effectually conquered the Illinois 
 country, and driven the British from it. Illinois then em- 
 braced the territory out of which have been formed the States 
 of Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Illinois. This territory 
 was claimed by Virginia ? and, as a matter of course, it fell 
 under her jurisdiction. In October, 1778, the House of Bur- 
 gesses created "Illinois County" — which included the whole 
 district on the "Western side of the Ohio River". Col. 
 John Todd, of Kentucky, was appointed by Patrick Henry, the 
 Governor of Virginia, Lieutenant Governor, or County Lieuten- 
 ant, and Civil Commandant of "Illinois County". He arrived 
 at Kaskaskia, on the 15th of June, 1779, and proceeded im- 
 mediately to put in operation a civil government, by estab- 
 lishing courts and appointing officers. He administered the 
 
 -15- 
 
executive trust of Illinois County until the year 1782* 
 In that year he went to Virginia, on business pertaining to 
 the county. On his return through Kentucky, finding his 
 old companions, Colonels Daniel Boone, Logan, Cooper, 
 Major McGary, and others, by whose side he had stood in many 
 a skirmish with Indians— going to fight their troublesome 
 enemies again, he could not resist the temptation of join- 
 ing them. But the romance of an Indian war became a sad 
 reality with him. He was killed in the celebrated battle 
 of Blue Licks. 
 
 The successor of Col, Todd was Timothy De Montbrun, a 
 Frenchman. His name is attached to deeds of conv*<tyr.nce and 
 other public papers, now among the archives of ftendclph 
 County. 
 
 THF NORTH - WEST TERRITORY 
 
 Virginia ceded the North-west Territory to the conti- 
 nental Congress in 1784, but the bill organizing the Terri- 
 tory did not pass until 1787. General Arthur St. Clair, 
 of Pennsylvania, who had borne a conspicuous part in the 
 revolution, and filled many civil offices, was appointed 
 Governor of the newly organized Territory. Y/inthrop 
 Sargeant wasappointed Secretary, and Parsons, Barnum, and 
 Symmes, United States Judges. 
 
 Though these Territorial officers were appointed in 
 1787, they did not reach Kaskaskia until the year 1790. 
 Upon the arrival of the Governor and secretary, the county 
 of St. Clair was organized — the boundary line commencing at 
 the mouth of Mackinaw creek, on the Illinois river, and 
 running in a direct course to the Ohio; thence down that 
 river to its mouth, and up the Mississippi and Illinois 
 rivers to the place of beginning. A Court of Common Pleas 
 was established, and John Edgar, of Kaskaskia, John Baptiste 
 Barbeau, of Frairie du Rocher, and John De Moulin, of 
 Cahokia, v/ere appointed Judges, each of whom held courts in 
 the district of his residence-r-the county being divided into 
 three judicial districts. William St. Clair was appointed 
 Clerk, and Recorder of Deeds, and William Biggs, Sheriff. 
 Thus the machinery of government was set in motion, and con- 
 tinued without interruption until 1795, when Randolph 
 County was stricken off from St. Clair, and organized. As 
 a Sketch of the county will be given, further reference to 
 it will be omitted here. 
 
 To preserve the chronological order designed in these 
 sketches, it becomes necessary here to refer to the first 
 English settlers in Kaskaskia. 
 
 ENGLISH SETTLFRS IN KASKASKIA 
 
 At this period Kaskaskia was the most important place 
 west of the Alleghany Mountains, and was the point to which 
 all emigrants to the wilderness Territory directed their 
 course. After reaching Kaskaskia, they would explore the 
 
 -16- 
 
aajacent country ana select locations. Some of these to 
 whom we shall refer, remained in Kaskaskia only a short 
 time • 
 
 Some of the soldiers under Col. Clark remained in the 
 country or returned to the States and brought their fami- 
 lies and other emigrants to the newly conquered Ter-itorv 
 Among these pioneers were John Dayle, James pirrat nobort 
 
 £ob^ e ^ ri B Tf' T:, BX ^ S > James M ° ore " Shadr!lck'Bond7 
 Robert Kidd, Luke Rutherford, and James Garrison. This 
 
 band of brave pioneers who opened the way for that influx 
 of emigration which has peopled the west, reached Kaskaskia 
 in the year 1781. Dayle, Plggat, Bowen, Biggs, Kidd 
 ^^f^° rd ' and Whitehead, were soldiers, accustomed 'to the 
 Privations of pioneer life and travel. They had pursuaded 
 * e other * t0 c ° rae w "h them to the wilderness country? 
 and make their home upon the rich soil and amidst the 
 deepened forest of Illinois. 
 
 m „ „5 ayle Seated permanently in Kaskaskia, and beirr * 
 man of some education., he taught school—whether Fntlish 
 or French is now a matter of conjecture. He understood both 
 
 tled^f tiU h^ 17 ^ ° f the ° thers wre farm^rs^ and se?- h 
 llt+iZ *£ e £°^° m above Kaskaskia. This was the first 
 
 of their n se°tlin F e hTrl^T in th ° C ° Untry > and fr0 » ^ fact 
 
 abo^t iP o P ne nu^mS. ^^ "° CheSter " a "^W 
 
 About the same time, a Mr. Huff, with his fam-fiv ™,* 
 
 Huf r W h a °H herS ' , ^ L Pe nn^lvania , and ' star ted for IulAols 
 Huff had married the widow Mooredock, who had three sons 
 
 np^.J! 1 ^ tn ? party ' Wnile ascending the Mississippi 
 ™S If the S r ^ d T0wer ' the part ^ were attacked Sy Indians 
 *1 l ^-- ? H f f '„ one of «« sons, and some others of the party 
 were killed. Urs. Huff was butchered in a shocking mnn^r 7 ' 
 the remnant of the party reached Kaskaskia, and settled in* 
 M?i A ? e £ iCan Bottoa - A few years afterward!, Mr Huff was 
 SftrW *5 e * ndians > ™ the road between Kaskaskia and 
 Prairie du Rocher. John Mooredock, (the stepson of HuffS 
 n??no n ^\ fi P re , S c °n^icuously in the early events of } ' 
 
 *^u oc vmcennes in 1803, and served again in the 
 
Legislature at Kaskaskia, in 1814. He held the^rank of 
 Major in the militia, and wad field officer under Governor 
 Edwards, in the campaign of 1812. 
 
 About the year, 1782, Ichabod and George Camp came to 
 Kaskaskia, and resided for some time in the town. They 
 afterwards made improvements west of the Kaskaskia river, 
 not far from the residence of James O'Hara and Henry D* 
 Simpson. Camp's Creek, which crosses the Kaskaskia and 
 Red Bud road, between O'Hara's and Simpson's, took its name 
 from these men. They af terv/ards moved away, and located et 
 "Camp's Spring", in Missouri, a few miles west of St. Louis. 
 
 John and Israel Dodge came to Kaskaskia about the close 
 of the Revolution. Israel Dodge was the father of Henry 
 Dodge, late united States Senator from the State of Wiscon- 
 sin. Hon. A. C. Dodge, Fx-United States Senator from Iowa, 
 is the son of the Wisconsin Senator. 
 
 The Dodge family left Kaskaskia in 1794, and went to 
 St. Cenivieve. They manufactured salt at the mouth of 
 Saline Creek, a few miles below St. Genivieve, on the Mis- 
 sissippi. 
 
 John Cook, Jacob Judy, William Music, James Piggat, and 
 Robert Sybald, came to Kaskaskia about the close of the year 
 1780. Judy remained in Kaskaskia a few years, and then lo- . 
 cated on the site of "Judy's Mill," in Monroe County. He 
 erected this mill in the year 1794. It was the first water- 
 mill of any kind built by the American settlers in that re- 
 gion . It did good service for many years. 
 
 In 1784, John Edgar, from the British navy, reached 
 Kaskaskia. The circumstances of his quitting the navy and 
 seeking a home in this wild country, are of suffici?r.+: inter- 
 est to be recorded. During the Revolution he was fighting 
 against the Colonies in their struggle for Liberty ai'u Inde- 
 pendance. He had courted and married an American lar'.y, 
 whose sympathies, of course, were warm and deep for the 
 'American cause. She was a woman of extraordinary talent and 
 shrev/dness, and was the projector of many plans by which the 
 the soldiers in the British array, who became tired of fight- 
 ing against the cause of freedom , made their escape and 
 joined the Americans. On one occasion she had arranged with 
 three soldiers to desert — she was to furnish them guns and 
 uniform, and give them all necessary information to enable 
 them to reach the American camp. When they came she was ab- 
 sent, but her husband, although belonging to the British 
 army, v/as her confidant in all her operations, and knowing 
 the object for which these soldiers had come, furnished them 
 with the outfit prepared for them by her. They unfortunately 
 were apprehended, and taken back to the British camp. 
 
 There they were made to reveal the names of those who 
 had assisted them. This implicated Edgar, and he had to fly. 
 He remained awhile in the American army, v/here he became the 
 intimate friend of La Fayette, but deeming the west a safer 
 
 -18- 
 
retreat for one whose life was in such imminent jeopardy, 
 he came to Kaskaskia. His property was confiscated, but 
 his wife, with her remarkable sagacity, saved from the wreck 
 about twelve thousand dollars, which she carefully hus- 
 banded until she joined her husband, two years afterward, 
 in his western home. Mrs. Edgar »s name merits a high rank 
 among the heroines of Revolutionary memory. 
 
 Leaving the British service for the American cause, 
 was a source of no regret with Gen. Edgar. He was an Irish- 
 man by birth, and the wrongs of England towards his native 
 land had made their impress upon his patriotic mind. 
 
 He engaged in business, and stimulated the commerce of 
 the country by his energy, enterprise and sagacity. He 
 traded extensively in lands, and left, at his death, large 
 tracts in Randolph, Monroe, St. Clair, M adison, Clinton, 
 Washington, Perry and Jackson Counties, which are known to 
 this day as the "Edgar Lands". He rebuilt the mill of M. 
 Paget (which had passed into ruins), and shipped his flour 
 to the southern markets. When St. Clair C ounty was organ- 
 ized, in 1790, he was appointed one of the judges of the 
 C omraon Pleas Court, and his name appears u^on the Court 
 Records in some official capacity for more than a quarter of 
 a century. He was elected a member of the Legislature which 
 convened at Chillicothe, Ohio, under Governor St. Clair's 
 Administration. The United States appointed him Major 
 General of the Illinois Militia, which post he filled with 
 dignified ability for a long series of years. 
 
 John Rice Jones, a welchman, located in Kaskaskia, in 
 1790, and commenced the practice cf law. He was the first 
 lawyer in Illinois who practiced at the bar. Nature intend- 
 ed him for an ornament, and her work was well performed. 
 His career at the bar was brilliant. He remained in Kaskas- 
 kia until 1802, when he moved to Vincennes. In the same year, 
 he v/as appointed a United States Judge of the Indiana Terri- 
 tory. He afterwards moved to St. Louis, and finally to Wash- 
 ington County, Missouri, and became one of the most conspicu- 
 ous men in the early days of that State. He was a candidate, 
 in opposition to Col. Benton, for the United States senate, 
 before the first General Assembly of Missouri, but was c.e- 
 feated. He was elected by the same Legislature one of the 
 Judges of the Supreme Court of Missouri, which office he 
 held until his death in 1824/ 
 
 Rice Jones, the oldest son of John Rice Jones, having 
 acquired the profession of law in Connecticut, located in 
 Kaskaskia in 1806, and commenced the practice with much suc- 
 cess. He became conspicuous as a politician. He had a dif- 
 ficulty with Governor Bond, growing out of political differ- 
 ences, which almost resulted in a duel. The preliminaries 
 were arranged, and the parties were upon the ground, but 
 Jones' pistol went off by accident, just before the word was 
 given to fire, and Bond refused to fire at Jones. The matter 
 between Jones and Bond was amicably adjusted, but a contro- 
 
 -19- 
 
versy grew out of it between Jones and Dunlap, Bond's second. 
 This quarrel became bitter and malignant. One afternoon, 
 as Jones was standing on the side of the street, leaning 
 against the railing of a gallery, conversing with a lady, 
 Dunlap approached end shot him dead. 
 
 Hon. 0. W. Jones, late united states senator from the 
 State of Iowa, is a younger brother of Rice, whose terrible 
 death has just been narrated, and son of John Rice Jones. 
 
 The same year, (1790), Pierre, Hy polite, and Francois 
 Menard — three brothers — originally from Quebec, arrived in 
 Kaskaskia. Pierre established a mercantile house, and 
 opened a lucrative trade with the Indians. Endowed with rare 
 business talent, a well balanced judgment, and an honest 
 purpose, he rose rapidly to a high degree of eminence and 
 distinction among the people of the west, and became the idol 
 of the Indians. The Federal Government appointed him Indian 
 Agent, which post he held for many years, and gave perfect 
 satisfaction to. both parties. No man ever enjoyed the con- 
 fidence and esteem of the Indians more than he. They wor- 
 shiped him; and though he controlled them as a father does 
 his children, he never took advantage of that confidence 
 and simplicity to wrong them. Purity of intention and up- 
 right honesty marked the outlines of his character. In 
 private life he was a model. Sympathy and benevolence were 
 his ruling traits. From his commercial transactions he 
 realized a fortune, which he cheerfully shared with the 
 needy. No charitable call ever reached his ear without a 
 ready response. 
 
 He was often elected a member of the Legislature, and 
 was speaker of the House in 1812. He was elected Lieutenant- 
 Governor of the State, when it was admitted into the Federal 
 Union. After the close of this term of office, he declined 
 to accept public stations, and devoted himself to private 
 affairs. He died in 1844, and was buried in a vault pre- 
 pared under his own supervision, in the old grave yard at 
 Kaskaskia. 
 
 He left three sons — Pierre, Ciprlon and Edmund. The 
 two former left the county many years ago. The latter lives 
 upon his father's old place, on the eastern side of the 
 Kaskaskia river. The oldest daughter of Col. Menard, Mrs. 
 Maxwell, is yet living in Kaskaskia. she has spent her whole 
 life in the village of her nativity, and has occupied the 
 house where she now resides for more than forty years. She 
 has in her possession a Damask rose bush, 'which was brought 
 from New Orleans more than a century ago. It is the first 
 rose bush that ever bloomed in Illinois; and though it has 
 been swept over by the floods of the last hundred* years, it 
 still retains its vigor and bloom, putting forth its sprouts 
 upon the annual recurrence of springtime.— Many an ardent 
 lover has plucked a gem from its stately stock, to be pre- 
 sented to some loved one, to testify of the heart's devotion. 
 
 Francois Menard became a distinguished and successful 
 
 -20- 
 
navigator and trader upon the Mississippi. — With an energy 
 that bent before no obstacle, and a courage that defied 
 opposition, he prosecuted his perilous voyages upon the 
 river for a long series of years. Ke died in Kaskaskia, 
 
 flypolite Menard engaged in farming. He was of a very 
 lively and sociable disposition, and became very popular 
 among the people. He represented Randolph County in the 
 General Assembly one session. 
 
 William Morrison was another of the distinguished 
 characters who came to Kaskaskia in the year 1790. He came 
 from Philadelphia, as the representative of the mercantile 
 house of Bryant & Morrison, of that city, and established a 
 branch of the business in Kaskaskia. under his sagacious 
 management the transactions of the house rapidly extended 
 throughout the Mississippi Valley. The field of his opera- 
 tions was vast, but the capacity of his mind was fully ade- 
 quate to cover it. From his store in Kaskaskia, the mer - 
 chants of St. Louis, St. Genivieve, Cape Girardeau and New 
 Madrid supplied themselves with goods. 
 
 But the mighty machinery of commerce which he managed, 
 did not claim the exclusive control of his capacious mind. 
 Home was never crowded out by the pressure of business. He 
 found plenty of time to enjoy the affectionate society of 
 his family. Sociable and fond of company, his house was the 
 welcome resort of every visitor to Kaskaskia. 
 
 Much of his time was devoted to public enterprise. 
 Every project that promised to advance the prosperity of the 
 country, found in him au energetic advocate. He was the 
 moving spirit in constructing a bridge across the river at 
 Kaskaskia, the piers of which are yet standing, and form an 
 excellent monument to his public spirit. 
 
 He died in the year 1837, leaving a vacancy in life 
 which but few have the ability to fill. His remains were 
 deposited in the old graveyard at Kaskaskia, where all that 
 was mortal of so many of the pioneers has mingled with its 
 original dust. 
 
 His descendants have occupied respectable positions in 
 community. Joseph was his oldest son. He went to Ohio, and 
 resided there several years, then returned, and died at 
 Prairie du Rocher in 1845. 
 
 James, the second son, is now a citizen of Wisconsin, 
 having gone to that State many years ago. 
 
 William located in Belleville, and died there in 1843. 
 
 Lewis located in Covington, Washington county, and 
 practiced medicine there until 1851, when he removed to 
 Chester, and engaged in the mercantile business. Ho died in 
 1856. 
 
 -21- 
 
George is the youngest son, and still resides in 
 Kaskaskia, whex:e he was born, 
 
 Robert Morrison, a brother of William, came to 
 Kaskaskia in 1793. He was of a friendly, sociable disposi- 
 tion, and became very popular.. He was appointed Clerk of 
 the Common Pleas Court in 1801, and held the office for 
 many years. A favorite with the people, he was often se- 
 lected to fill positions of important trust. Like his 
 brother, he dispensed hospitality in a liberal manner, and 
 his house became the home of his friends and visitors to 
 Kaskaskia. 
 
 His second wife, who was the mother of his children, 
 was a literary prodigy. Many of her poetical contributions 
 to the magazines of that day, touched the higher order of 
 poetry. She remodeled in verse the psalms of David, and had 
 the volume presented to the Philadelphia presbytery for 
 criticism. The work passed a critical examination, and re- 
 ceived much praise, but was rejected, probably more from the 
 fact that it came from an obscure author, that from its 
 merits. She took a deep interest in politics, and often 
 wielded much influence in a political campaign by her ably 
 written communications in the newspapers. 
 
 The sons of Robert Morrison are Edgar, James Lowery 
 Donaldson, John Murray, and Robert. 
 
 Kdgar graduated at the West Point Military Academy, 
 and entered the array. He died in the home of his infancy, 
 while on a visit to his parents, in 1836. 
 
 James L. D. chose the profession of law, and prac- 
 ticed at the bar for several years. He joined the volun- 
 teers who went to Mexico, in 1846, and wa3 promoted to the 
 office of Lieutenant Colonel of Illinois* second regiment. 
 He has often been a member of the Legislature, and wa.* 
 elected to Congress in 1856. His younger brothers emigrated 
 to California, where they now reside. 
 
 Shadrack Bond, from Maryland, arrived in Kaskaskia in 
 1794. He was a nephew of Shadrack Bond, whose name was 
 mentioned among the first settlers in the American Bottom. 
 Nature had designed Bond for a Representative man, and 
 though he was surrounded by men of great minds, he soon be- 
 came a leader. He was elected first to the Territorial Legis- 
 lature, then to the lower House of congress, and the first 
 Governor of the state, without opposition. After he retired 
 from the Fxecutive chair, he was appointed Register of the 
 Land Office at Kaskaskia, and continued in that position for 
 many years. He died in 1830— the lamented and favorite 
 Statesman of Illinois, with all those noble qualities which 
 adorn mankind, the character of Governor Bond was richly en- 
 dowed . 
 
 He left two sons — Thomas and Benjamin. 
 
 -22- 
 
Thomas chose the profession of law, and practiced in 
 Randolph and adjoining counties, until the year 1849, when 
 he died, in the very vigor of manhood's youth and promise. 
 Benjamin is a respectable physician, practicing his profes- 
 sion at Evansville. 
 
 In the year 1798, Dr. George Fisher, from Virginia, 
 located in Kaskaskia, and commenced the practice of his 
 profession. He remained in the town until 1806, when he 
 moved out about five miles on the Prairie du Rocher road, 
 and opened a farm. By his sprightly activity, and practical 
 judgment, he became en influential member of the community, 
 and a popular politician. Y/hen the Indiana Territory was 
 organized, he v/as appointed Sheriff of Randolph county. 
 Upon the organization of Illinois Territory, he was elected 
 a member of the first General Assembly, and chosen speaker 
 of the House of Representatives. In 1818, he v/as elected a 
 member of the Constitutional Convention which fiamed the 
 first Constitution for the State of Illinois. 
 
 The region in which he lived has always borne the name 
 of "Dr. Fisher's Settlement", because he was the first and 
 leading man there. He died in 1820, on his farm at the foot 
 of the bluff. Jacob Fisher, who improved a farm upon the 
 western side of the Kaskaskia river, near the shoal, was the 
 only son of the Doctor. He moved away to Arkansas many 
 years ago. 
 
 Dr. Truman Tuthill came to Kaskaskia in 1802 with the 
 army, as a surgeon. Pie located and practiced for several 
 years in the town, and then ..moved to Cahokia. In 1809, 
 he was appointed Judge of the Common pleas Court of St. Clair 
 County. 
 
 Benjamin H. Doyle, John Rector, and James Haggan, came 
 to Kaska3kia in 1804, and commenced the practice' of law* 
 Haggan returned to Kentuc ky, from whence he came, and after- 
 wards became a distinguished Judge of that state. 
 
 Nathaniel Pope first appeared in Kaskaskia in 1804, tut 
 he located and practiced lav/ at St. Genivieve, Missouri, 
 until 1808, when he returned and became a permanent c itizen 
 of the former place; The year following, Illinois Territory 
 was organized, and Pope received the appointment of secre- 
 tary. In the absence of Governor Edwards, who had not yet 
 arrived, Secretary Pope, as Acting-Governor, issued a procla- 
 mation formally organizing the Territory. In 1817, he was 
 elected the Territorial delegate to congress, and became a 
 very influential member of that body. It was by his efforts 
 that the northern boundary- of the state was changed from a 
 line running due west from the southern point of Lake Michi- 
 gan and fixed upon latitude forty-two and a half degrees north. 
 Upon the admission of Illinois into the Federal union, Pope 
 was appointed Judge of the United States District Court, and 
 held that office for more than thirty years. Nature, it would 
 seem, had designed him for the bench, and he occupied the 
 position with such ability and dignity as elevated him to a 
 
 -23- 
 
high rank among the Jurists of the country. 
 
 In 1844, he moved from Kaskaskia and located In Alton, 
 where he died in 1850, having attained the age of sixty- 
 six years. He left two sons — William and John, William 
 died in St. Louis some y,:r.rs ago, John belongs to the 
 United States Topographical Service, and has become some- 
 what distinguished for his scientific efforts in sinking 
 Artesian wells on the Western plains. 
 
 The Rector family, consisting of nine brothers, came 
 to Kaskaskia in the year 1806. They were in the united 
 States Surveying Service, and only remained temporarily in 
 Kaskaskia. 
 
 prom this period up to 1830, Kaskaskia was the resi- 
 dence of many young men who have risen to positions of dis- 
 tinction, 
 
 Sidney Breese, who is now one of the most distinguished 
 Jurists and statesmen in Illinois, located at Kaskaskia on 
 his arrival in the Territory, and remained there several 
 years. He was often elected a member of the Legislature, 
 and served one or two sessions in the lower House of Congress, 
 When the judiciary of the State was re-organized, in 1835, 
 he became the first Judge of the Circuit Court whose juris- 
 diction included Randolph County, He was afterwards elected 
 by the Illinois Legislature to a seat in the united states 
 Senate, and bore a conspicuous part among the stalwart char- 
 acters of that august body. He is now upon the supreme 
 Bench of the State. 
 
 James Shields, an Irishman by birth, came to Kaskaskia, 
 and commenced his brilliant career by teaching school. He 
 afterwards studied law, and became a politician. He repre- 
 sented Randolph County in the Legislature — was Judge of the 
 Circuit Court, and when the Mexican war commenced, in 1046, 
 he was appointed Brigadier-General of the Illinois vclui.teers, 
 and distinguished himself as a brave and intrepid soldier in 
 several battles. After his return from the Mexican campaign, 
 the Illinois Legislature testified their appreciation or his 
 military services by electing him to the united staten v c, en~itc. 
 He now represents the new State of Minnesota in the senate ^f 
 the United States. 
 
 Elias K. Kane commenced the practice of law in Karka3k. J .a, 
 v in 1814, before the time of the two gentlemen previously re- 
 ferred to. He was a man of brilliant talents, and rose to a 
 high position among the members of the bar. He served in tbe 
 Legislature, and was elected by that body to the United States 
 Senate. He rose high, and died early. 
 
 David J, Baker commenced his successful career at the bar 
 in Kaskaskia, He enjoyed a lucrative practive for many yeers. 
 He now lives in Alton, having retired, in his old age, from 
 the profession. 
 
 -24- 
 
KASKASKIA , PI MCE 1800 
 
 About the commencement of the year 1800, a different 
 class of people, bringing different customs and character- 
 istics, began to disturb the quiet repose which the happy 
 people of Kaskaskia had enjoyed for nearly one hundred years, 
 and a rapid transition from a French to an American city was 
 commenced. At that time it was essentially a French villarc, 
 with all their peculiar customs. The French style of archi- 
 tecture had been adopted and preserved in the erection of 
 their buildings, and though there were some fine and ele- 
 gantly furnished houses, an altitude of one story was as 
 high, as they ever rose. The only brick house in the place 
 had been standing for fifty years or more, and at the time 
 it was built, it was the only brick house west of Pittsburg. 
 The brick of which its walls were m ade were brought from 
 Pittsburg in flatboats. It is still standing— an interest- 
 ing relic of Kaskaskia «s former days. 
 
 A new order of things was inaugurated by the new class 
 of citizens, and the place began to experience the symptoms 
 of those convulsions in which "junction cities" spring into 
 existence. General Edgar erected a large dwelling, end fur- 
 nished it in grand style. The ruins of this building still 
 remain. — the posts and chimney are standing — the more inter- 
 esting as a relic of days gone by, because it was the house 
 in whose spacious parlors General Lapayctte was entertained 
 when he visited Kaskaskia, in 1824. William Morrison, also 
 erected a large stone mansion, where he displayed hospi- 
 tality in a princely style. The walls of this building are 
 still standing, cracked, and shaken, however, It, too, is 
 interesting, because the complimentary ball to General La 
 Fayette was given in its richly furnished parlors. 
 
 In 1809, when Illinois Territory was organized, Kas- 
 kaskia became the seat of Government — the Governor and secre- 
 tary resided there, and brought all the concomitants of 
 municipal regulations. The first 303Sion of the Territorial 
 Legislature convened in Kaskaskia, on the 25th day of Novem- 
 ber, 1812, and continued to hold lt3 sessions there until 
 the capital v/as located at V^ndalia. Kaskaskia was, and had 
 been since the year 1795, t he county seat of Randolph 
 County; where the courts were held, from the supreme down to 
 the Justices. 
 
 The first newspaper in Illinois was established in 1809, 
 by Mathew Duncan, from Kentucky. He conducted it until 1815, 
 when it was purchased by Robert Blackwell and Daniel P. Cook. 
 During its existence its columns were edited by many persons 
 who have become distinguished lawyers and statesmen — Judge 
 Breese is one of them. 
 
 During the period of ten years, from 1810 to 1820, 
 Kaskaskia was the rendezvous of an immense floating popula- 
 tion, which gave it the air of a bee-hive. Every emigrant 
 to the Territory directed his course to it as the point from 
 which to explore the country and select locations. A census 
 taken then showed the population to be seven thousand and 
 
 -25- 
 
some hundreds. 
 
 About 1820 other towns began to spring up and claim 
 attention. The confusion, bustle and storm raised by the 
 swarming emigrants in Kaskaskia, began to die away, leav- 
 ing the village to gradually and quietly resume its origi- 
 nal character. 
 
 THE CONVENT 
 
 In 1832 the Sisters of the Visitation came to Kaskas- 
 kia, and commenced the erection of a Convent. By the as- 
 sistance of Col. Menard the enterprise promised a success, 
 and early in 1833 the foundation of the structure was laid. 
 The main building is one hundred and ten feet long, thirty- 
 two feet wide, and four stories high. The wing, two stories 
 high, runs back one hundred and fifty feet. It wa3 com- 
 pleted and opened for the reception of pupils in 1836. and 
 continued a flourishing institution until 1844. The build- 
 ing cost C>30,000 and was the largest of its class in the • 
 v/est, at the time of its erection. 
 
 The great flood of 1844 so damaged the building and the 
 prospects of the institution that it was abandoned by the 
 Sisters. Since then it has been yielding to the wear and 
 waste of time, and must soon pass into ruins. It is a state- 
 ly though crumbling monument of the- christian enterprise of 
 these pious and holy women. They came from Georgetown, 
 D. C, and during their stay in Kaskaskia two of them died. 
 The others — four in number — went to St. Louis, where they 
 have a popular institution. 
 
 The flood of 1844 — the most destructive that has oc- 
 curred since the Mississippi river has been known— blighted 
 the prospects of Kaskaskia, as it did those of every place 
 in the river bottom. Its commercial importance was de- 
 stroyed, and all that which give3 life and vigor to a place 
 was paralyzed. Many of the houses were twisted and racked 
 upon their foundations. The damage to property was incalcula- 
 ble. 
 
 Again, in 1851, t he bottom was inundated, and though 
 the water did not reach the higher localities, its effects 
 were damaging in destroying the crops of the vicinity, upon 
 which the trade and life of the town were dependent. And 
 again, in 1857, the waters covered the bottom, visiting de- 
 struction upon the crops and property of the Kaskaskia peo- 
 ple. These floods have left their impress deeply marked 
 upon the once beautiful cottages of the village, and but for 
 a few buildings that have been repaired and improved by the 
 more enterprising citizens, it would seem that the work of 
 decay and ruin had commenced; but it may be a century henco 
 ere another flood shall come, in which time the place may 
 fully recover from the shocks it has received. 
 
 But whatever may be the fate- which destiny has fixed — 
 whethor it shall rise again to eclipse its former greatness, 
 or whether it shall pass into ruins like Troy and Babylon— 
 
 -26- 
 
it will ever claim an important place in the annals of this 
 country. The past, at lecst, is secure. It can never pass 
 into oblivion while the history of America remains. All 
 that which imparts interest and fascination to historic 
 recollections is found in its records end traditions. With 
 an existence stretching back into the darkness of an unex- 
 plored wilderness, its history blends the wild romance of 
 Indian life with the thrilling adventures of the French 
 pioneers; their life, exploits and gayeties, for nearly one 
 hundred years; the pious labors of the Jesuit missionaries 
 among the untamed saveges; the founding of the first parish 
 church in America; the military exploits of the English in 
 1755; the transfer of the country from France to England; 
 the extraordinary campaign of Col. Clark; and the series of 
 events by which the state Government of Illinois was brought 
 into existence. 
 
 In these sketches, a superficial outline is all that 
 has been attempted. The student of history may form some 
 conception of t he prolific fountains, whose sources only 
 have been pointed out. 
 
 FORT GAGE 
 
 During the time of the Chickasaw war, in 1836? a Fort 
 was built upon the high hill on the eastern side of the Ka3~ 
 kaskia, opposite the town. Of its dimensions and the mater- 
 ials of which it was constructed, nothing is now definitely 
 known. Tradition alcne is the authority for the fact of its 
 erection at that period. It war. repaired in 1756, and oc- 
 cupied by a French garrison during the "Old French v;ar." 
 From this time the bluff on which it stood has borne the name 
 of "Garrison Hill." This old structure was destroyed by fire 
 in 1766, and another Fort upon the same spot was soon after- 
 wards erected by the F.nglish. This new structure was built 
 of immense square timbers, and was two hundred and ninety 
 feet long and two hundred and fifty-one feet wide. Within 
 the main building was a. magazine constructed of stone, a 
 commandant's chamber, and some smaller houses, v/hen Fort 
 C hartres was abandoned in 1772, the Governor and the Brit- 
 ish garrison moved to, and occupied "Fort Gage" — the Fort 
 having received that appellation in honor of General Gage, 
 the then British Commander-in-Chief At the time Col. Clark 
 besieged and took the Fort, in 1778, it v/as occupied by a 
 garrison of twenty soldiers, under the command of Governor 
 Rocheblave, and strongly guarded by four cannons. It was 
 then the headquarters of the British government in the west, 
 and contained the records of the Territory from the time the 
 English took possession, in 1763. V/hen the governor was 
 taken prisoner in his private chamber in the Fort, his wife, 
 with a solicitude that never deserts a woman in the moment of 
 peril, concealed or destroyed the archives, so that the land 
 
 -27- 
 *Note: I think 1836 is a misprint and should be 173G.EPL. 
 
grants and other valuable documents of that period, have 
 been lost* 
 
 Col, Clark occupied the Port while he remained, and 
 after he left the country and the war ceased, it was de- 
 serted, and remained without an occupont until 1801, when 
 Col. Pike»s regiment occupied it for a short time. Prom 
 this date it began to decay, and its walls soon crumbled 
 and fell to the ground. It is now an obscure ruin. The 
 truces of the walls are faintly visible. The outlines of 
 the magazine, and the breastworks thrown up during the 
 time of the Revolution, may yet be seen. 
 
 RILEY i 3 MILL 
 
 Some most deeply interesting historical recollections 
 cluster around the place, known in modern days by the name 
 of "Riley's Mill", situated on the eastern side of Kaskaskia. 
 For aught that is now known to the contrary, the first mill 
 that was erected in Illinois may have stood upon this mill 
 sitcj for tho time previous to the building of a mill there 
 has passed from the traditions of Kaskaskia, Certain it is, 
 however, that a mill was standing there one hundred and 
 fifty years ago. According to the title records, now in 
 possession of Mr. Riley, the name of him that owned the mill 
 at that period was Prix Pagi. (Thi3 name is somewhat con- 
 founded with that of Paget, and aa the French pronounce 
 both names the same, it is probable that it is the same name, 
 though spelled differently. Peck and Reynolds both employ 
 Peget, in reference to this miller, but the name in the deed 
 of Conveyance which Mr. Riley holds, is spelled Pagi.) He 
 erected a stone building, and manufactured flour for the New 
 Orleans and Mobile markets. How long he continued to run 
 the mill is not know, but he lost his life in one of those 
 tragic scenes common to Indian barbarity. One day while 
 superintending the operations of the mill, the premises were 
 attacked by a band of Kickapoo Indians, and he was murdered 
 in a most shocking manner. When the attack was made upon 
 the mill, a negro escaped by a back way, fled to the town 
 and gave the alarm. The people came and found the body of 
 Pagi upon the floor mangled and cut to pieces. The head was 
 severed from the body, scalped, and thrown into the hopper. 
 
 After the death of Pagi, the mill was abandoned, and 
 became a ruin — the walls only remaining. About the year 1795, 
 General Edgar purchased the tract of land and rebuilt the 
 mill. The mill-pond, situated about three hundred yards dis- 
 tant from the mill, was made by nature, and apparently de- 
 signed for the purpose. It covers an area of about 40 acres, 
 and is surrounded by an irregular range of hills, with an 
 outlet for the water on the side towards the mill, about 
 three hundred feet wide. An embankment, or dam, was made 
 across this outlet, and the water forced to pass through an 
 arched culvert, at the end of which is a gate to regulate the 
 passage of the water. During the interval in which the mill 
 ceased to run, this dam was almost destroyed by the wear of 
 
 -28- 
 
the floods, but it was repaired by General Edgar, and made- 
 more substantial than before. At the time these repairs 
 were made, Mrs. Edgar and "Dice", a negress belonging to 
 the family, planted some little cotton-wood cions in the 
 mellow dirt, which have grown to be stately trees. The 
 regular order in which these trees are standing upon that 
 embankment has prompted many a curious conjecture, stran- 
 gers visiting the ground are apt to notice this regularity. 
 
 Gen. Fdgar kept the mill in operation for many years, 
 and the pioneers, as they came to the country and settled 
 in different parts of the county, resorted to it to have 
 their milling done. A few of those relics of early days 
 are still remaining, and they retain vivid recollections of 
 the days when they rode astride a horse, with a sack con- 
 taining tv:o bushels of corn for a saddle, a distance of 
 ten or fifteen miles, to "Edgar »s Mill," and waited and 
 fished' in the mill-pond until their "turn" v/as ground. 
 Waiting for "turns" was an interesting epoch for boys whose 
 sociable disposition found but few opportunities for exer- 
 cise in their isolated homes. Many a happy hour has been 
 v/hiled av/ay around that old mill, by the boys who congre- 
 gated there from the different settlements. "Mill boys" 
 did not require the formalities of an introduction before 
 they joined in a game of marbles or bat. It was a privilege 
 to go to mill, and the longer they had to wait the better it 
 pleased them. With men it v/as different. They were always 
 in a hurry, and jealous of their rights. If one was ever 
 cheated out of his "turn", which sometimes happened, a 
 fight was the result. But these happy days for the boys, 
 and hours of nervous anxiety for the men, have passed away. 
 
 The mill ceased to operate again while yet in the hands 
 of General Edgar, and remained still for several years. In 
 1832, it was purchased by Messrs. Feaman & Co. It was again 
 repaired and put in good business order. This company con- 
 ducted it for some years, when it again changed hands. 
 
 It came into the possession of the present enterpris- 
 ing proprietor, Mr.- Daniel Riley, 1842. Formerly, the 
 water was conveyed to the wheel through hollow logs, since 
 Mr. Riley has had it, he has constructed a substantial 
 frame work for this conveyance, and has made such other im- 
 provements a3 prevents the was te of water, and secures a 
 sufficient quantity to keep the mill running, with about 
 fourteen horse power, during nearly the whole season. The? 
 wheel is an over-shot, and no more water is allowed to es- 
 cape from the pond than is necessary to drive the machinery. 
 
 Such is a history of this ancient mill. All that now 
 remains of the original structure is the northeast corner. 
 This part of the building has stood through all the changes 
 of its eventful existence, and its permanence would indicate 
 that it may defy the corrosive attrition of another century. 
 
 r»i ift+^LSiS**!^?-. 1 *? ^ ont ^°C the mill stands a beauti- 
 ful little mound, called "Mound Isabella", named in honor of 
 
 -29- 
 
Mrs. Edgar. Some fruit trees , planted by her and naunt 
 Dice", are still growing upon this mound. This negro 
 woman was the house servant of Mrs. Edgar. She died i 
 three year3 ago, having lived one hundred years. 
 
 A spring of pure cool water gushes out of the side 
 of .the bluff, close to the place where Mr. Riley »s store- 
 house is now located, whose clear stream has slaked the 
 thirst of those who brought the germ of civllication to 
 the Western world. A former age may claim it, and the 
 associations of antiquity may cluster around it, but its 
 waters are as fresh and pure today as when the first 
 white man drank from its pebbly urn. 
 
 Mr. Riley established a store a few years ago close 
 to his mill, and he has brought around him a very brisk 
 and remunerative trade. In 1855, finding the capacity 
 of the old mill inadequate to the demands of an increased 
 population and the increased growth of wheat, he commenced 
 the erection of a steara-mill which has since gone into op- 
 eration. Both mills may be kept running most of the year 
 by the water of the pond above described. 
 
 FORT CHARTRE3 , 
 
 Under the patronage of the Company of the v/ost, and 
 bearing a charter from tho crown of Franco, M. Pierre 
 Duquo Baiebriant. tho representative of the government, and 
 Marc Antoino do la (joiro do Urainn, tho principal secretary 
 of the Company | came to Kaskaskla, in 17} 7$ with instruc- 
 tions to erect a Fort which should be made the Seat of Gov- 
 ernment for the Illinois country. 
 
 The site selected was in the American Bottom, one 
 mile distant from the Mississippi river, and about three 
 miles from the eastern range of bluffs, in the northwest 
 corner of the present limits of Randolph County. The work 
 was commenced in 1717, and the Fort completed in two years. 
 It was called "Fort des Chartres", for the reason that its 
 erection wa3 authorized by a charter from Louis XIV, King 
 of France. It was built of timber, of ample dimensions for 
 the erection within of a building to accommodate the Fxecu- 
 tive of the Territory, one for the garrison, a magazine, 
 and 3ome others. The Fort was surrounded with a strong 
 palisade, constructed of 3uch immense timbers, and finished 
 so substantially, as to be almost impregnable to the as- 
 saults of any implements of war known to those early days. 
 
 It was designed for the purpose, and became the seat 
 of government for Illinois. It was the headquarters of the 
 French officers while the country remained in possession of 
 France. The celebrated Francois Renault resided here, and 
 directed his extensive mining operations. Baisbriant and 
 Ursins were vested with the power of making grants of land. 
 Some of their records are now in the Recorder »s office of 
 this county. For a time, Fort Chartres became the centre 
 of business, fashion, and gayety. 
 
 -30- 
 
. The Company of the west- was dissolved in 1730, and 
 D'Artaguette was appointed Governor. In 1736, when the 
 Chickasaw war commenced, Governor Bienville, of Louisville, 
 called upon the Governor of Illinois for all the troops he 
 he could raise. Fxerting his influence with the chiefs of 
 the Indian tribes west of Lake Michigan, he collected about 
 one thousand warriors at Fort Chartres. The gallant Vin- 
 cennes, of the V/abash country, united his forces with 
 D*Artaguette. All the French soldiers that could be raised 
 were rendezvoused at the Fort. Preparations for the expedi- 
 tion to meet Bienville in the South, were hastily made, and 
 the whole army departed. from Fort Chartres down the Missis- 
 sippi. 
 
 The unfortunate fate of the brave and chivalrous 
 D'Artaguette and Vincennes has ueun related. La Buissoniere 
 succeeded to the Governorship of Illinois. In 1739, a fur- 
 ther requisition was made upon him for troops. He collected 
 about two hundred French soldiers, and three hundred Indian 
 warriors and sailed from Fort Chartres down the Mississippi 
 to join the Southern array. 
 
 In 1751, the Chevalier McCarty became Governor of 
 Illinois, and arrived at Fort Chartres in August, with 
 troops to reinforce the Fort, as war at that time v/as rag- 
 ing between France and England, and threatening to disturb 
 the Western country, it v/as decided to rebuild and improve 
 the Fort. This time it was built of durable limestone, 
 quarried in the bluff three miles distant, boated across 
 an intervening lake, and carted to the Fort. The plan of 
 the new structure was different from the old one, and much 
 larger. It was an irregular square, or quadrangle. The ex- 
 terior sides v/ere four hundred and ninety-feet, and, there- 
 fore, the main building covered an area of five acres and a 
 fraction. The walls were two feet two inches thick, and 
 pierced with loop-holes at regular distances, and two port- 
 holes in the- faces, and two in the flanks of each bastion 
 for cannon. A banquette around the interior side of the 
 wall was raised three feet high for the soldiers to stand 
 upon when they fired from behind the parapets, within the 
 square of the main building were erected a Commandant's and 
 Commissary's house; a magazine for stores, and two barracks. 
 In the gorges of the bastions v/ere the powder-magazine, a 
 bakehouse and a prison. On the lower floor of the prison 
 were four dungeons. 
 
 The commandant's house was ninety-six feet long and 
 thirty feet wide. It contained a parlor, dining-room, bed- 
 chamber, kitchen, one small room, five closets for servants, 
 and a cellar. The commissary's house was precisely similar 
 to the one just described. Opposite these was the store- 
 house, ninetyfeet long and twenty-four wide. It contained 
 two large store-rooms, a parlor, chapel, an officers* guard 
 room, a closet for the storekeeper, and bedchamber. Beneath 
 the storehouse was a vaulted cellar. The barracks were each 
 twenty feet square, and each contained two rooms for officii s 
 and three for soldiers. Over each building spacious lofts 
 
 -31- 
 
extended from end to end, and were used for storing regi- 
 mental stores and entrenching tools, Capt. Pitman, an 
 engineer belonging to the British army, visited Fort 
 Chartres about the year 1768, and gave it as his opinion 
 that it was the strongest and most conveniently arranged 
 fortification on the North American Continent, 
 
 When the English took possession of the country in 
 1765, (the cession was made in 1763), Fort Chartres was 
 made the Seat of Government, and a small garrison stationed 
 there, Capt. Stirling formally took possession of the coun- 
 try on arriving at Fort Chartres, by issuing a proclamation 
 in the name of Wis Britanic Majesty," signed by Thoma3 
 Gage, then Commander-in-Chief of the British army in the 
 Colonies. Capt. Stirling died in six months after his ar- 
 rival. He was succeeded first by Major Frazier, then by 
 Col. Reed, then by Col. V'ilkins, each of whom made their 
 residence at the Fort. 
 
 When the Fort was first built, in 1718-19, it stood 
 about one mile distant from the river. In 1724., a great 
 freshet overflov/ed the river bottom, and v/ashed away some 
 of the bank in front of the Fort. The margin of the Missis- „ 
 sippi, made by alluvial soil, is ever changing. In 1756, 
 the river bank was half a mile from the Fort. A short time 
 before Capt, Pitman's visit In 1768, a sand bar was formed in 
 the river, and directed the current against the bank near- 
 est the Fort, which wore it iway rapidly. Two years after- 
 wards the river had approached so near as to alarm the offi- 
 cers about to the safety of their magnificent Fortress, In 
 1772, another freshet inundated the river bottom, and under- 
 mined the western wall of the Fort. The balance of the struc- 
 ture was greatly injured. It was abandoned, and the seat of 
 Government established at Fort Gage, upon the summit of Gar- 
 rison Hill, far above the reach of floods. 
 
 Fort Chartres was thought to be the Gibralter of Amer- 
 ica, but the turbulent current of the Mississippi, more 
 powerful than armies and navies, worked its downfal. It 
 crumbled and wasted rapidly. It was deserted, and the de- 
 molishing elements played familiar with its crumbling walls. 
 In 1020 the southeast angle was still remaining. The traces 
 of the front wall were completely gone, and the northeast 
 sections were in ruins. ' From this period the process of 
 demolition and dilapidation was rapid. Much of the stone 
 was taken av»ay, and used for building material in other 
 places. It v/as soon a heap of mouldering ruins, and the fate 
 of Palmyra, Porsepolis and Balbec, is suggested to the visi- 
 tor, as he beholds its remaining vestiges, slumbering in the 
 midst of a forest. Trees of stately growth and clinging 
 vines are growing upon its foundations. The river had re- 
 treated, and is a mile distant from the ruins, upon the inter- 
 vening land, which is in the very place where the mighty vol- 
 ume of the Mississippi's sullen waters swept along eighty 
 years ago, there is a heavy dense growth of timber. -a- 
 
 #Fort Chartres is now a State Park. The foundations of the 
 buildings and the fortress wall have been rebuilt to show 
 the original plan of the Fort. E.P.L. 
 
 -32- 
 
PRAIRIE DU ROCHER 
 
 The town of Prairie du Rocher was founded about the 
 year 17c2— one hundred and thirty-seven years ago. About 
 that time a few French families gathered together and formed 
 the nucleus for the town. Others coming to the country, cast 
 their lot with them, and a flourishing little village was 
 started. The strongest inducements it could hold out to emi- 
 grants, was its secluded situation and romantic scenery. It 
 stood at the foot of the Mississippi bluff s--whose picturesque 
 grandeur is unsurpassed by any range along that great river— 
 fourteen miles from Xaskaskia, and three miles from Fort 
 Chartres. Though it never attained that degree of importance 
 which marked the prosperity of its cotemporaneous rivals, yet 
 it acquired, in an early day, all the concomitants of a heal- 
 thy, vigorous town. The evidences of water-mills in its 
 vicinity, erected there in a very early period of its exist- 
 ence, may yet be seen, and the vestiges of stone buildings in 
 the town, evidently the work of wealth and enterprise, are 
 yet visible. 
 
 In the vicinity of the town were many natural objects 
 of curiosity, to attract the attention of those who had a 
 taste for the wonderful, and probably- from this cause many 
 were induced to locate in that place. The natural mill site 
 situated in a ravine which abruptly breaks the range of 
 rocky bluffs that overlooks the town, was something to at- 
 tract wonder and admiration, as well as to furnish to some 
 enterprising capitalist the advantages of a saw mill more 
 than half constructed. The range of bluffs on one side of 
 this break, following the course of the ravine, describes 
 an arc, and a natural ridge starting from a point of the 
 bluff on the opposite side of the ravine, marks the diameter 
 of the circle, and reaches within two hundred feet of the 
 bluff on the other side. This ridge was finished out by 
 artificial means in the days of the Jesuits, and gave a fall 
 of near twenty feet to the water whure it dammed the ravine. 
 The area of the mill-pond is about two hundred acres, and 
 the stream of water coming through the bluffs is fed by 
 never-failing springs. 
 
 There is a spring situated at the foot of the bluffs, 
 one mile above the town, which gushes out at the base of a 
 perpendicular rock, towering up two hundred feet high, and 
 sends forth an immense volume. Formerly the aperture through 
 which the water rose was about six feet in diameter, and its 
 depth could not be fathomed. Latterly, it has been nearly 
 filled with sticks and stones by wanton hands. The crystal 
 purity of this spring would suggest that it might have been 
 the fountain so eagerly sought by the Spanish explorers of 
 this Continent, which they supposed to possess properties 
 that would give immortality to youthful vigor. 
 
 A cave in the side of the bluff not far distant from the 
 spring, is another object of curious interest. The entrance 
 to the cavern is about sixty feet high from the base of the 
 
rock; is almost round, and about six foot in diameter. 
 Its interior chambers have been explored somewhat, but 
 nothing is known of their dimensions. There is a legend 
 which relates that at one time the Spaniards hid valuable 
 treasures in the cave. Many an avaricious spirit has searched 
 and shoveled in vain for the possession of those treasures, 
 and the same inducement to search remains. 
 
 The common Field, and Commons of Prairie du Rocher were 
 granted to the village in the year 1730, by jean Baptiste 
 St. Therse, nephew of Baisbriant, Governor of Louisiana, 
 who obtained the title from the Royal Company of the Indies. 
 The church propertv was obtained from the same source, and 
 the church was erected in t he year 1734. The same build- 
 ing is still standing, and forms one of the most interesting 
 relics of former years to be found about the village. It 
 was constructed in the French style of architecture, by 
 driving cedar posts into the ground, and filling the space 
 between them with stone and m ortar. For a period of one 
 hundred and twenty-five years it hs stood against storm and 
 flood, and its walls have echoed the pious articulations 
 of many holy m en, who have long since passed to the realms 
 of a brighter existence. Within its portals have been 
 christened the infants of three succeesive generations, and 
 the marriage vows of the parish people in all that time have 
 been heard at its sacred altar. But mutation has been 
 written upon it as surely as it was upon the minarets of 
 ancient Ninevah. Though the rites of the church are yet 
 performed within its ancient portals, the time-worn walls 
 are yielding to the pressure of the roof, and must ere long 
 fall to the ground. Preparations have already commenced for 
 the erection of a new one, which will contrast strikingly 
 with the rude structure of the old one. 
 
 Among the earliest of the French settlers in Prairie 
 du Rocher, appear the names of Etenne Langlois, Jean Bap- 
 tiste Blais, Jean Baptiste Barbeau, Antoine Louvier, 
 LaCompte, and some others. 
 
 Etenne Langlois came from Canada, and devoted himself 
 to farming. He bedame a very influential man in t he com- 
 munity, and left a very respectable family. His oldest son, 
 Etenne, was a wheel-wright, and a very useful man in the 
 town. He left three sons — Etenne, Charles, and William. 
 Charles is now living about four miles west of Prairie du 
 Rocher. The other two died several years ago. 
 
 Francois was the second son of the first Langlois, and 
 the father of Jerard, Antoine, Frencois, Michael, and 
 Benjamin, who were conspicuous members of that community 
 forty years ago and later. Francois Langlois, now living 
 about five miles cast of the town, is the son of Jerard. 
 The family is very numerous. 
 
 Jean Baptiste Blais was the germ of that respectable 
 family. He devoted himself to the quiet pursuit of farming, 
 
 -34- 
 
find was a leading man in the village. He reached an ex- 
 treme old age, end died in the yeer 1783, leaving four sons — 
 Antojne, Joseph, Charles, and Louis — the latter died in 
 early life. The others were industrious, respectable citi- 
 zens. Joseph and Antoine died in 18<;3; Charles in 1031. 
 Antoine Blais, who is now merchandising in Prairie du Rocher, 
 and Expedient, his brother, living seven miles east of the 
 town, are sons of Antoine, and grandsons of Jean Baptiste 
 Joseph. 
 
 Jean Baptiste Barbcau was another of the first emi- 
 grants from Canada, and one of the founders of Prairie du 
 Rocher. He was the father of the respectable family bear- 
 ing his name, who have always held a prominent position in 
 that community. Hi3 sons were Andrew, Antoine, Baptiste, 
 and Henry, all of whom are dead. Their descendants are 
 numerous. Andrew, the oldest son, reached an extreme old 
 age, and died suddenly, while walking upon the bluffs, a few 
 months ago. Mr. Cole and Mr. Crane, of St. Louis, both mar- 
 ried daughters of Antoine. 
 
 Antoine Louvier cane in early times from Canada and en- 
 gaged in farming. His son Antoine became a very prominent 
 man, and died in 1836., leaving a very numerous family, many 
 of whom are still living in the village. 
 
 Damour Louvier was a branch of the same family and 
 lived in the town during a long life. 
 
 A Mr» LaCompte was one of the first settlers, and died 
 about the close of the last century. He left a son who was 
 promoted to the post of Major of the Militia, 1812, which 
 place he filled with much popularity. He was among the first 
 men of Prairie du Rocher during his life. He has c son now 
 residing in St. Genivieve, Missouri. 
 
 Among those who came in later years are the names of 
 Jean Baptiste du Clais; Frny, Joseph, Alexis and Isadore 
 Godair; Francois and Joseph Tonga: s; Joseph Champagne; 
 Joseph Lamore; the Fascair family and some others. 
 
 Jean Baptiste DuClais was a blacksmith, and a very 
 useful man to the town, and the surrounding country. He 
 lived to be very old, and died in 1838. He had a son, 
 Michael, who was an industrious farmer. He died in 1839, 
 leaving a large family, many of whom are now living in the 
 town. 
 
 The Godair brothers came from Detroit and engaged in 
 farming. They became somewhat distinguished for hunting ad- 
 ventures. They left a numerous descendency, who are engaged 
 in farming. 
 
 Joseph Tongais lived in Prairie du Rocher 'until his 
 death, in 1827, having spent an industrious life. His 
 brother Francois died in 1827, leaving two sons — Francois 
 and Amade— both residing in Monroe County. 
 
 -35- 
 
Joseph Champagne was a Canadian, and came to Prairie 
 du Rocher about the close of the last century. He was a 
 carpenter by trade, and built the mansion of Col. Menard, 
 at the foot of Garrison Hill, on the east side of the Kas- 
 kaskia river. This house is still standing, but in a state 
 of rapid decay.* Champagne died in St. Clair County, in 
 1828. ^ , fL 
 
 Joseph Lamore was a farmer, and died in 18S5, leaving 
 no descendent3 about Prairie du Rocher. 
 
 The Fascair family became numerous, and bore a conspicu- 
 ous part in the community. Ambrose, John and Henry Kerr, 
 are descendants of this family. 
 
 The history of Prairie du Rocher presents no marked 
 event. It was strictly a French village for more than an 
 hundred years, and the orderly inhabitants quietly pursued 
 their various avocations, enjoying their social amustraenis 
 undisturbed. They were a happy, contented people, unambi- 
 tious, and careless of wealth or distinction. They were free 
 from that strife, contention and turmoil which attends the 
 pursuit of wealth and political preferment. Their life was 
 an uninterrupted stream of quiet, joyous happiness. 
 
 About the year 1800, the first English or American 
 settlers appeared among the people of Prairie du Rocher. 
 Archibald McNab came from Kentucky and established a tan- 
 yard — the first in the place — and carried on that business 
 until 1821. In that year he died* Alexander McNab, now 
 living in the town, is a son of Archibald. 
 
 About the same time, or probably as early as 1795, 
 Clement Drury, from Maryland, came to Prairie du Rocher, 
 and erected a horse-mill. This mill stood near the present 
 residence of Mr. Sprigg. % It did a good business, and was a 
 great benefit to the people for many years, Mr. Drury died 
 in 1812, leaving four sons — John, William, Clement, and 
 Raphael. John emigrated and settled in Missouri, v/illiam 
 and Clement located in town, and died there some years ago, 
 leaving families. Raphael died in California. 
 
 Henry Conner came from Kentucky, in 1812, and settled 
 in the town. Two years afterwards, he was appointed to the 
 office of Sheriff. He was Marshal of the Territory at one 
 time, and filled other offices. He left three sons— Barnet, 
 William, and Edward. Barnet located in Monroe county, and 
 died there in 1852. William lives in Wisconsin. Edward 
 located in Prairie du Rocher, where he died, leaving a family 
 which still reside there. 
 
 In 1814, Henry Kerr, an Englishman, came from Boston, 
 and established a store. He continued in this business 
 several years. Ambrose, John, and Henry Kerr, before re- 
 ferred to, are his sons. The two former are merchandising; 
 the latter lives two miles from town, and is engaged in farm- 
 
 ing ' -36- 
 
 *The Menard house has been restored. E#P.L# 
 
In 1824, the population of Prairie du Rocher was about 
 five hundred. In that year, Andrew Bar beau built a mill 
 about one mile below town. In 1825, the town was incorpo- 
 rated, but there appearing to be no necessity for an organi- 
 zation, it was abandoned. In 1835, it was renewed again, 
 but since has ceased to exist. In 1840, William Kcnry, Isq. 
 erected and put in operation a steam-mill upon the same 
 ground where the new mill of Brickey & Lee now stands. In 
 1850, an impetus was given to the progress of the town, 
 since which time it has been improving rabidly, and promises 
 a healthy and vigorous growth. 
 
 The place now contains one first class flouring mill; 
 four dry goods stores; two grocery stores; two furniture 
 stores; one saddlery shop; one tailor shop; one boot and 
 shoe shop; one wagon shop; three blacksmith shops; ono wagon 
 manufactory two caprcntcr and cabinet shops; two hotels; 
 one church— no resident priest. Present population about 
 five hundred. 
 
 RAND OLPH COUNTY 
 
 A special sketch having been devoted to the leading 
 events which precede the existence of Randolph county, and 
 which transpired within its limits; and, also, a sketch of 
 the towns which have marked its progress, but little remains 
 of its history beyond the transition from a wilderness to 
 the high state of prosperous development which it now enjoys, 
 and the arrival of the pioneers who laid the foundation for 
 that great change. 
 
 1798^-Tradition has it that when Col. Clark took pos- 
 session of the country, in 1778, he named the district around 
 Kaskaskia "Randolph County", as a como: .'.ment to Edmund Ran- 
 dolph, the distinguished Statesman of Virginia. The limits 
 of the county were not defined: neither was there a CD-imy 
 organization. Upon the arrival of Governor St. Clair, e.'c 
 Kaskaskia, in 1790, he established St. Clair C ounty, which 
 embraced all the southern part of the state below a point 
 on the Illinois river, including the region which Col. 
 Clark had previously named Randolph County « 
 
 1795 — in 1795, however, Randolph County was formally es- 
 tablished, and the machinery of local government put in op- 
 eration. It included all that part of the state which lies 
 south of a line running upon the parallel of the New Design 
 Settlement, in Monroe county, due east to the wabash river. • 
 
 At the time the county was organized, the area which it 
 now includes was an almost unbroken wilderness, interrupted 
 only by the villages of Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher . 
 But the precursors of civilization and refinement were on 
 their way, and the rays of a new era were reaching into its 
 wild woods. The story of its fertile soil, its delightful 
 and health-giving climate, and its crystal streams of water, 
 had gone to the Atlantic coast and awakened a spirit of emi- 
 gration. Lured by the accounts of a country for which Nature 
 
 -37- 
 *I believe this is a misprint and should be 1778, E.P.L. 
 
had done so much, the pioneers began to dro* in and Join 
 the scattering few who had already located amidst its 
 darkened forests. These v/erc a brave and noble race of 
 men, and merit a place in these sketches. They opened 
 the way for the great improvement that has followed, the 
 blessings of which are now enjoyed by those inhabiting the 
 county.. They, too, furnished the materials, and with them 
 occurred the events which impart all that is interesting to 
 the early history of Randolph County. 
 
 SETTLEMEHT --AND PIONEERS OF 
 RANDOLPH COUNTY 
 
 1780. — A little colony of pioneers— some of whom were 
 soldiers under Col. Clark— made a settlement on the east 
 side of the Kaskaskia river, three miles from town, as early 
 as the year 1700. The names of these settlers were John 
 Montgomery, Joseph Anderson, John Dodge, John Doyle, David 
 Pagon, M. Augustus, James Curry, and Levi Teel. They 
 erected a few rude cabins, and made small farms. John 
 Montgomery located upon the identical spot where Stace 
 McDonough settled when he came to the country twenty years 
 later. The settlement was almost broken up before the year 
 1790. 
 
 These pioneers experienced all the incidents common k 
 to frontier life, and encountered .perilous adventures of a 
 character so thrilling as to assume the air of fiction. 
 One day, James Curry and Levi Teel were out hunting, and 
 being overtaken by nightfall, they encamped in a new house 
 Just erected by David Pagon, but not yet occupied. During 
 the latter part of the night, the house was besieged by a 
 band of sixteen Piankashaw Indians. Teel proposed to sur- 
 render, lest a worse fate should befall them. To thi? 
 proposition Curry resolutely demurred. He was brave, Jen 
 to desperation; and knowing the house had been built sub- 
 stantial, and that the door was strongly barred, he £<? - 
 termined to give battle. Teel went to the door, eithe- to 
 open it, or reconnoitre, and while standing near it, the 
 Indians stuck a spear through a hole in the door into his 
 foot, which fastened him to the floor, instinctively he 
 seized the spear to pull it out, when another spear was 
 driven into his hand. Hu heartless enemies now had him 
 fast, and they Jigged and cut his hands in a most shocking 
 manner. Curry, fearing lest Teel should open the door, 
 mounted the loft and commenced firing upon the assailants. 
 He fired three shots in rapid succession, each time bring- 
 ing a warrior to the ground. Still fearing that Teel would 
 open the door, he descended to the floor, and finding him 
 disabled, he again sprang to the loft and renewed his des- 
 perate defense. Discovering that the Indians had huddled 
 close against the house to avoid his destructive shots, he 
 tumbled the weight-poles of the roof down upon them, killing 
 their chief, and wounding some others. This intrepid feat, 
 and the approach of morning light drove the Indians from zhe 
 house, leaving Curry the victorious champion of the siege. 
 
 -38- 
 
By his fearless daring he saved himself and companion from 
 Indian captivity, and probably death at the stake. 
 
 Curry ?/as one of Clark* s favorite soldiers, and dis- 
 tinguished himself in the capture of Forts Gage and sack- 
 Ville. He was foremost in every perilous enterprise, and 
 never quailed before danger. His life v/as one of thrilling 
 adventures, and fate doomed him to a tragic end. In company 
 with Joseph Anderson, he went out hunting and never returned. 
 The presence of lurking, hostile savages, left no doubts 
 about the manner of his death. 
 
 Joseph Curry, now an old man, living at Mr, Riley »s 
 Mill, is a grandson of the pioneer hero. 
 
 This little settlement was hrrrassed unceasingly by the 
 Indians until the settlers were forced to abandon it. But 
 it was renewed again in a few years, and became one of the 
 most important in the county. 
 
 1780 -" In the same year that this settlement was made 
 opposite Kaskaskia, another one v/as commenced on the same 
 side of the river, above the mouth of Nine Mile creek, by 
 some of Clark f s soldiers, and a few friends whom they had 
 induced to Eome to tne country. Among the settlers were 
 Daniel Hicks, Henry and Elijah Smith, Hitterbrand, Hayden, 
 Lanceford and some others. Kostof these men lived and died 
 in this settlement. They were quiet, industrious people, and 
 took but little part in any thing beyond the limits of their 
 own neighborhood. The descendants of some of them are still 
 living in the county. 
 
 1783 — In the year 1783, Thomas Hughs, from Kentucky, 
 came to the Territory to select a place with a view of bring- • 
 ing out his family. He marked a place for settlement in the 
 eastern side of the Kaskaskia river, in the Kontgomor^ 
 neighborhood, and then returned for his family in K-n" <^v. 
 On his return to that State, he persuaded some friend" \,d ac- 
 company him, and a small pcrty started for Illinois, vhile 
 crossing the Ohio river, they were attacked by Indians, and 
 Hughs and three others of the party were killed. Mrs. Hughs 
 was sitting in the boat with her child at the breast, and a 
 ball from one of the savages* guns spattered its brains in 
 her face. 
 
 The balance of the party escaped and returned to Kentucky. 
 Some years afterwards, Mrs. Hughs married James pillars, and 
 with his two sons- John and Richard, and the surviving son of 
 Hughs — James — they resolved to resume the journey to the wilds 
 of Illinois, which ftad been so suddenly interrupted by the 
 death of Hughs. 
 
 1795— They arrived at Kaskaskia in 1795, and made a 
 settlement on the east side of the r iver — on the farm which 
 is now occupied by Henry Hughs, and widely known as the »'o3d 
 Hughs place". Pillars remained upon the farm several years, 
 find was an industrious, quiet and respected citizen. 
 
 -39- 
 
James Hughs — son^ of him who was killed by the Indians — 
 returned to Kentucky and married, and ccme again to Illinois 
 in the year 1800. He was a man of remarkable energy and 
 sound Judgment, and became a very important constituent of 
 the infant settlement. He was in the United states ranging 
 service, in 1812, He obtained possession of his step- 
 father's farm, and lived upon it until his death. His sons 
 have borne a respected position in this county. 
 
 James Hughs was the oldest, and became a <ery popular 
 man. He was often elected to fill important offices. He 
 died in Kaskaskia, in 1842. John Hughs v/as the second so:., 
 and now lives about ten miles northwest of Chester. stace 
 located on the west side of Kaskaskia river, in the : Harra 
 neighborhood, and died there in 1857. Felix resides near 
 his brother John, is a farmer, and holds the office of magis- 
 trate. Henry lives upon the farm of his father where he was 
 born. 
 
 John Pillars opened a farm about half a mile northwest 
 of his father, but moved soon afterwards, and located on the 
 western side of the Opossumden prairie. He was a man of 
 high standing, having been chosen major of the militia, 
 which position he held for a long term of years. He died in 
 1851, on his farm, where he had lived nearly half a century. 
 
 Richard Pillars was of a migratory disposition, seldom 
 remaining long at any place. He last lived on Mary's 
 River, near the Little Mill seat, and died there in 1844. 
 The descendants of the Pillars are still residing in the 
 county. 
 
 1797 — Stace McDonough, one of the most conspicuous and 
 leading characters of pioneer times, came and located in the 
 Pillars' settlement in 1787. He was a soldier in the Ken- 
 tucky militia, and was in many expeditions against the Ii.cfj - 
 ans. He served under Col. Clark in an expedition to the 
 Wabash, in 1786. He v/as in the disastrous defeat of Gen. 
 St. Clair, in 1791, and miraculously saved himself from that 
 dreadful carnage. He commanded a boat on the Ohio river, in 
 1793, and while passing down the stream was shot in the 
 shoulder by some lurking savages on the shore. This wound 
 affected him through life. He was also with Anthony Wayne, 
 and suited the character of that General, whose exploits 
 gained for him the sobriquet of "Mad Anthony." During the 
 war of 1812, he carried the mail from St. Louis, by way of 
 Ka3kaskia, to Shawneetown, and though the route was beset by 
 dangers from the hostile Indians, he ra ade his trips regu- 
 larly. He was elected Captain of a ranging company, and 
 filled the station with marked ability. He lived on the 
 farm where he first settled, for nearly half a century, and 
 died much lamented. He left two sons — James and David; 
 the former settled in the lower cv* of the Opossumden Preiri* 
 about the year 1820. He died there some years ago, and his 
 family are living around the old farm. David lives on the 
 farm made by his father. 
 
1798 — Another addition was made to this settlement in 
 the person of Jonathan Pettit, in the year 1798. He was e 
 noble specimen of the pioneer clojj, and by his enterpris- 
 ing energy he became a valuable acquisition to the little 
 
 colony in which he located. He erected a mill on Mine Mile 
 creek at the point where the Chester and Evansville roar 1 , 
 crosses that stream. Some evidences of the existence of 
 this mill may yet be found. Pettit was an active, industri- 
 ous man, full of life and energy. Like. most of the brave 
 pioneers, he Joined the "Rangers" in 181L, and discharge::'. 
 his military duties in a manner very creditable to MmscO.f 
 and the service. His sons were David, Henry, Jon:.c 1 -.ar, -Mid 
 Joseph. The only one of the name of this family r*m*:L!ii;,* 
 in the county is Henry Newton Pettit, who lives about five 
 miles northwest of Chester. 
 
 1795-- About 1795, John J. vhitesidc, and some others, 
 
 laid of£ a town on the western bank of the Kaskaskia river, 
 
 not far from the northern limit3 of Randolph county, and 
 
 called it Washington, but it ceased to grow and be called a 
 
 town in a very few years. It was a town only in name. Sorre 
 
 of the Going family located in this town, but they remained 
 but a short time. 
 
 Before the close of the century, another settlement was 
 commenced in Horse Prairie — a name-given it because of the 
 great number of wild horses found in it. The settlers here 
 were Samuel and Winder Kinney, Jarrot Brickey, Chance Rat- 
 cliff, Gibbons, Robert McMahon, and some others. These men 
 had first located about the -New Design, in Monroe County. 
 For a time this settlement promised to become permanent and 
 lasting, but it v/as harrassed by the Indians until nearly 
 all the settlers left it. 
 
 One of the most shocking Indian butcheries that ever 
 befell the family of any man, happened to that of Robert 
 McMahon. The Indians attacked his house one day, while the 
 family were all at home, and killed Mrs. McMahon and four 
 children. McMahon himself, and two small daughters, were 
 fettered and taken prisoners. The Indians, with their 
 captives, hurried away, lest the whites should pursue them. 
 Some days afterwards, Mr. Judy went to McMahon »s house, and 
 instead of finding the family alive and well, as he had ex- 
 pected, he found the mangled bodies of five stretched in a 
 row upon the floor, and the dead body of the baby in the 
 cradle, supposed to have died of hunger. The sad intelli- 
 gence was given to the settlements around, and a small party 
 started in pursuit of the Indians, but they had made good 
 their escape. 
 
 The people of the surrounding neighborhoods gathered 
 together and buried the dead bodies, and after the funeral 
 was over, a religious meeting was held. The solemn devotions , 
 prompted by the awfully sorro\vful occasion, continued until 
 a late hour in the evening. Just as the congregation was 
 about breaking up, Mr. McMahon came in, nearly exhausted, 
 
 -41- 
 
and fainting from fatigue and mental anxiety* If some 
 mysterious being from the spirit world had appeared in the 
 midst of that assembly, no* greater surprise could have been 
 produced. He was informed that his family had been buried 
 that day, and the awful butchery of which they were the vic- 
 tims, had been the occasion of that meeting. Struggling 
 emotions of piercing sorrow and thankful Joy filled his 
 heart. His* family had been murdered, but kind friends had 
 buried them, and mingled tears of sorrow with the sod o^er 
 their graves; he had escaped from a horrible captivity, and 
 generous friends surrounded him, but the thought or his two 
 lovely daughters, still subject to the will of Jiear^leis 
 savages, almost made him frantic, imagine, if poss^b...3, tne 
 feelings of that man with such reflections upon his mi:^. 
 He told the story of the attack upon his house, and how 
 brutally his lovely family were murdered before his eyes 9 
 while he was bound and tied down, unable to defend them. 
 When his wife and four children lay dead upon the floor, he 
 and the two little girls were marched off, and started under 
 the control of their captors, they knew not whither. The 
 first night after they started, the Indians tied McMahon 
 down with tug-ropes, stripped him of most of his clothing, 
 and put a belt containing little bells around his body, so 
 that escape was impossible. 
 
 This night a heavy snow fell, and the weather turned 
 excessively cold. The next day they traveled hastily over 
 the snowy, frozen ground, v/hich almost killed McMahon and the 
 little girls. The third night the party camped above Sugar 
 Creek, not far from the locality of Lebanon, in St. Clair 
 County. They had nothing but dried venison to eat, and so 
 little of that, that it did not satisfy the cravings of 
 nature. But McMahon, although nearly starved and frozen, 
 determined to make his escape if possible. The Indians took 
 the precaution to tie and secure him as they had done the 
 previous night, but, after they had all lain down and were 
 asleep, he slipped the cords from his wrists and body, and 
 tied what little clothes he yet had on. around the belt of 
 bells, so that they made no noi3e. He was Just attempting 
 to rise, when one of the Indians raised his head up and 
 looked around, but not noticing McMahon, laid dov/n again. 
 When the Indian again slept, he rose quietly and escaped, 
 leaving his shoes and most of his clothing. Traveling a 
 short distance, barefooted and almoet naked, he thought it 
 would be death to continue, and returned to the camp and 
 tried to get his shoes, but he could not without waking the 
 Indians. Prefering to die a free man, of cold and hunger, 
 in the woods, rather than risk his life with those who had 
 cruelly murdered his family, he started for the New Design, 
 scarcely expecting to ever reach it. The night following 
 that of his escape, he laid dov/n by a log, and covering him- 
 self with leaves, he slept a little, but his feet and elbows 
 were severely frost bitten. The next day, late in the even- 
 ing, he arrived at Prairie du Rocher, nearer dead than alive 
 From there he proceeded to the Lemons' Fort to Join his 
 friends as above related. 
 
 -42- . 
 
He did not inform his daughters of his intention to 
 escape, fetring they might cry and prevent him from get- 
 ting away. He left them bitter as was the necessity, to 
 the mercy of the savages, trusting that they might yet 
 be rescued; and so they were. 
 
 One incident connected with this horrible affair 
 should be related to show the sagacity of a little fiste 
 dog. During the few days that McMahon »s family lay dead, 
 in the house where they were murdered, this little dog, a 
 favorite in the family, would come to the New Design, 
 whine piteousiy, and run back and forth towards McMihonts 
 house, but no one took notice of him. His visits were re- 
 peated daily; but the object of his coming was not imagined 
 or thought of until the murder was discovered. 
 
 V/hen McMahon had returned and gone into the meeting, 
 previously mentioned, this little dog was in the house. He- 
 did not recognize his master at first, he was so changed, 
 but after a while he found him out, and then leaped upon 
 him, and frisked about almost wild with joy. 
 
 Some yesrs after the murder of his family, McMahon 
 married again, and lived in Horse* Prairie. He was appointed 
 a Judge of the Common Pleas- Court, and a justice of the 
 Peace in Randolph County, which offices he filled with much 
 ability and satisfaction a long time. He moved first to 
 St. Clair, and then to Madison county, v/here he died. 
 
 As remarked in a preceding paragraph, the settlement 
 in Horse Prairie was almost broken previous to the year 
 1800. Besides McMahon, Henry Levcns and Jarrot Brie key, 
 were about the only ones who remained permanently. The sons 
 of Henry Levens — Thomas, Isaiah, Otho and Bazyl — all located 
 around the home of their father, and became prominent men 
 in that little community, but they, and all their descen- 
 dants, are gone now. 
 
 Jarrot Brickey was another of the sturdy, staunch 
 pioneers, who braved the dangers of Indian Massacres and 
 midnight assassinations. He lived an industrious, respected 
 citizen of Horse Prairie for nearly half a centure, and dur- 
 ing that time he was prominent in all those scenes which 
 mark the pioneer times of Randolph County. Ho was a Bangor 
 in 1812. 
 
 His son— Preston B. Brickey— located half a mile north 
 of Red Bud, and became a respectable farmer. His sons — 
 John and William — are now citizens of Red Bud, and own a 
 large flouring mill. 
 
 1800.— Outside of Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher, the 
 two settlements to which reference has been mede in the pre- 
 ceding paragraphs, included the entire population of Randolph 
 County, at the commencement of the present century; but the 
 way was now opened, and new arrivals beccme more frequent. 
 New settlements were commenced, and additions made to those 
 
 - 43 - 
 
already established, more rapidly. 
 
 v Among the first immigrants to the County, after the 
 commencement of 1800 was Robert Reynolds, from Tennessee, 
 end formerly from Ireland. After remaining in Kaskaskia 
 a few months, he located in the settlement of Hughs and 
 Pillars, on the east side of the river. He became a leading 
 man in the new settlement, and was often elected to fill 
 important offices in the county. He remained in the county 
 upwards of twenty years, and then went to Madison county, 
 where he died. His oldest son, John Reynolds, became a 
 distinguished man in early times — was elected a jud*e of 
 the Supreme Court, a member of the Legislature, a member of 
 Congress, Governor of the State, and is now more intimately 
 known by the people than any other man in Illinois. He now 
 lives in Belleville, at the age of sixtyrthree years. Hi"* 
 brother, Thomas Reynolds, became a distinguished lawyer and 
 judge. 
 
 1801 — In 1801, Joseph Heard arrived in Kaskaskia and 
 settled upon Garrison Hill. A few years afterward he movea 
 and opened a farm two and a half miles' north of Chester, on 
 Gravel Creek, the same that is now owned by J. B. Holmes, 
 and cultivated by John Claupick. Heard lived here for some 
 years, and improved his farm, and raised large crops. 
 Hugh Heard, the oldest son of Joseph, settled upon a farm 
 about two miles north of his father, which is yet known as 
 the "Old Heard Farm." It is now occupied by Henry Bode. 
 Heard occupied this farm for many years, and then moved 
 away to Wisconsin. 
 
 James Heard, the second son, located still farther 
 north, and made a farm, where he lived to be an old man. 
 Joseph, William, and James Heard, now living in the same 
 neighborhood, are the sons of James. 
 
 180.1— George Franklin came with Joseph Heard, and made 
 the farm on which Lemuel Barker now lives, four miles east 
 of Kaskaskia. Some years afterwards he moved and settled 
 one mile east of the present location of Pinckneyville, in 
 Perry County, on what is now known as the "Old Baldridge 
 Farm." 
 
 180£--.In 1802, the "Irish fettlement", neat* the mouth 
 of Plumb Creek, was founded. James Patterson, from Abbe- 
 ville District, S»outh Carolina, came with his family, and 
 branching out beyond the limits of the other settlement, 
 made a permanent location at this place, which took its name 
 from the fact that he and subsequent settlers were from 
 South Carolina — or what is sometimes known as "South Caro- 
 lina Irish". 
 
 James Patterson was a man of remarkable energy and 
 activity, and always stood high in the community. He often 
 held the offices df Justice of the Pease and County commis- 
 sioner. In the ranging service of 1812 he bore an active 
 
 -44- 
 
pert. He had four sons — Joh} Samuel, Reuben, and James 
 •Harvey. John located in the same settlement of his father, 
 where he lived for many years, and afterwards moved to 
 Hill Prairie, where he died in 1837. Samuel settled in 
 Horse Prairie: Reuben in Hitchcock Prairie, where he now 
 lives, James' H. now lives upon the farm first made by his 
 fathei . The Patterson family have always occupied a promi- 
 nent position in the county, and are well and widely known. 
 
 1802 — John Fulton, from Tennessee, came in 1802, and 
 located in the same settlement. He was a valuable addition 
 to this community always active, and foremost in whatever 
 promised to promote the best interests of the public. Hi? 
 sons — Thomas, David, and Cyrus^-all located in the seme 
 neighborhood, where Thomas and Cyrus died. David lives ?i. 
 Marion County. 
 
 1802 — William Roberts, from Lexington, Kentucky, came 
 in 1802, and settled on the east side of the Kaskaskia river. 
 in the neighborhood of Hughs. He opened a farm and in addi- 
 tion to this employment, he traded down the river, and be- 
 came well known along the banks of the Mississippi, from 
 Kaskaskia to New Orleans. Having spent twenty years of an 
 eventful and useful life, amidst the pioneer scenes of I.'JK- 
 nois, he died in 1822. 
 
 1802 — Thoma3 Roberts, son of William, who had nearly 
 reached his majority at the time of coming to Illinois, 
 located upon a farm near his father. He became a highly 
 respected citizen as he advanced in age, and was often pro- 
 moted to positions of importance. He held the office of 
 Justice of the Peace for a long term of years, and v/as 
 County Commissioner at various times. Towards the close of 
 his life he became a devoted Christian, and gave his time 
 and means liberally to the church. He died in 1858. His 
 descendants are numerous. His sons were Thomas, Darius, 
 William, John, Daniel Preston, Jacob, wyley, volney, and 
 Perry. All have families except Darius, who died in early 
 life. 
 
 — 1802 — Robert Tindall came from Chester County, South 
 Carolina, and settled on what is now known as the Fleming 
 Farm, situated some five miles northeast of Chester. Here 
 he commenced the erection of a water-mill, on a small stream 
 which flows past the farm, but before it v/as completed the 
 Floods washed it away. He then erected a horse-mill near 
 his residence, at which the settlers around were supplied 
 with their breadstuff. The advantage of this mill was felt 
 by all the new comers, and it was a great inducement for 
 them to settle around it. Mr. Tindall was a valuable pioneer 
 In the settlement, and spent a life in some useful employment 
 to himself and his neighbors. 
 
 He had four sons, two of whom are yet living— Reuben 
 and Robert. The former is a citizen of Chester, and known 
 as one of the oldest natives of Illinois. Robert lives in 
 the vicinity of Steelsville. 
 
 -45- 
 
1802— John and Ephraim Bilderback came to Illinois In 
 the year 1802, and located permanently. Ephraim made a 
 farm in the region of the settlement on the east side of 
 the Kaskaskia river, about one mile north of Edgar's — now 
 Riley's mill. John settled upon a farm which adjoins, or 
 forms a part of the one now occupied by Armsted Jones. 
 These two men were intelligent, active, and industrious; ani 
 by their solid, substantial ability, they soon became the 
 representative men in the little community of which they 
 formed a part. 
 
 1802— John was in the ranging service, end displayed 
 the same traits of perseverance and "bravery there that 
 characterized him in the retired but equally responsible 
 sphere of life. He died, leaving no descendants. 
 
 Ephraim devoted himself to farming, almost constantly, 
 and displayed an industry that is worthy of imitation. He 
 was the father of William, Stuart, James, Charles, Franklin ; 
 Henry, Ephraim, Thomas, and John, each of whom became re- 
 spectable citizens of the county. William located a short 
 distance below the site of Liberty, near the dividing line 
 between Randolph and Jackson counties, where he lived for 
 many years, then moved away to Wisconsin, and died there in 
 
 1849. Franklin lived at the old place. Ephraim went to 
 Perry County, and remained a few years, but returned and 
 made a farm on Mary's river, and remained until his death. 
 John settled in Lively Prairie, where he died. James is 
 still living upon a farm about four miles north of Chester. 
 There are many of the descendants of these men now living in 
 the county. 
 
 1800 — Benjamin Crane, with seven sons — Benjamin, 
 Squire, William^ James, Joel, Lev/is, and John — c ame to Illi- 
 nois about 1802, or probably two years earlier, and settled 
 en Mary's river, about four miles above the mouth. These 
 were men of decided character, and soon became known in all 
 the other settlements. Their traits of character were well 
 adapted to a pioneer country, and their influence in advanc- 
 ing the new region in which they had decided to live, was 
 successfully exerted. They were the leading men in settling 
 the country around the mouth* of Mary's river, and the is- 
 land opposite, which bee rs the name of Crane's Island. John 
 lived upon this Island for many years, and died there in 
 
 1850. Joel died the same year. The other brothers, except 
 Lewis, who now lives in California, died several years pre- 
 vious. James Harvey and Nelson R. Crtnc, residents of Ches- 
 ter, are sons of John Crane. 
 
 1802 — Paul Harelston settled on the west side of the 
 Kaskaskia river, in 1802, near the mouth of camp's Creek. 
 He became a very prominent man in those early days, and held 
 the office of Sheriff for a short time. No other information 
 could be obtained about him. 
 
 Abijah Leavitt was a soldier in Col. pike's division, 
 which came to Fort Gage in 1803. He obtained a discharge 
 
 -46- 
 
from the army, and made a farm one mile back of Garrison 
 Hill. He lived upon this farm until a few years ago, when 
 he died. A quiet, industrious citizen, he enjoyed the es- 
 teem of his neighbors. The place where he lived is now oc- 
 cupied by his son. 
 
 1803 — Robert Muggins, from South Carolina, settled in 
 the Irish settlement, in 1803. He lived there some years, 
 and then moved into the Oppossumuun prairie, James Hue? ins, 
 son of Robert, settled in Flat Prairie about the year 1017, 
 and made the farm which is now known as the "Arche Mcpill 
 piece." It was the first farm in that Prairie. Tho de- 
 scendants of Hucgins are now living in Perry County. 
 
 1804 — John Lacy came to Illinois from south Carolina 
 in 1804, and settled upon the farm which has been known in 
 later years as the "Major Adair place." He lived here somp 
 years, until his death, . Major Adair married the widow 
 Lacy. John Lacy, now living upon the same place, is a son 
 of the pioneer. 
 
 1804— In 1804, a numerous and valuable addition was 
 made to the Irish settlement at the mouth of plumb Creek. 
 John McClinton, David and James Anderson, and Adam Hill, 
 from Abbeville, South Carolina with their families, number- 
 ing in the aggregate thirty-one members — nine of whom are 
 yet living — arrived in this settlement, on the £5th of 
 December of that year. This company infused into the little 
 settlement a life end activity hitherto unknown. 
 
 John McClinton *s wife died a few weeks after they ar- 
 rived, and he died about one year after her death, leaving 
 John, Samuel, and William — who were placed under the guardi- 
 anship of the Hills and Anderson. John and William both 
 died many years ago. Samuel located finally near Sparta, 
 where he lived for many years, and became widely known as 
 an active, respectable citizen. He died four or five years 
 ago, leaving a large family. 
 
 1804 — David Anderson, who afterwards obtained the title 
 of Colonel, was a leading and popular man in the community 
 from the time of his arrival. He was a strong, athletic 
 man, very benevolent and kind in his disposition, and a firm 
 friend of the church. His merit became known beyond the 
 limits of his own neighborhood, and he was often called upon 
 to fill stations of official trust. As Colonel of the mili- 
 tia he was a favorite, and displayed an ability creditable 
 to himself and the high position he filled. His sons all 
 died while young. His oldest daughter married Robert G. 
 Shannon. 
 
 1804 — James Anderson lived but a few years after coming 
 to Illinois. He was noted for his retired, unassuming dis-" 
 position, and kindness of heart. He left five sons— James, 
 John, William, Thomas and David, all of whom became respects 
 ble citizens of the county. William and David are dead; the 
 other three are still living. Thomas is a prominent member 
 
 -47- 
 
of the church. 
 
 1804— Adam Hill settled on the farm now occupied by 
 Mrs. Kelly, near Evansville. Here he lived in the quiet 
 pursuit of farming until his death. His sons, John, 
 William, Adam. Robert and Samuel became well known citizens 
 of the county. William is now living in Marion county. 
 John, Adam and Robert are dead. Samuel is living near the 
 old place of his father, a kind, sociable citizen. 
 
 1804— The Irish Settlement was increased by another 
 party of emigrants from Abbeville, south Carolina, during 
 the same year, or in the commencement of the year follow- 
 ing. Absalom Cox, James and Archibald Thompson, William 
 McBride and Robert McDonald, were the leaders of this party. 
 
 Absalom Cox was elected in later years a Captain of a 
 militia com]>any. He was an important member of the commun- 
 ity, and lived a useful life. He established a ferry across 
 the Kaskaskia river, which is known to this day as "Cox's 
 Ferry." He died on the farm where he settled, leaving four 
 sons: — John, William, Thomas, and Absalom. 
 
 John is now fin old man living upon his father's farm. 
 William lives adjoining the same place. Thomas and Absalom 
 are dead. 
 
 1804 — James Thompson located upon a farm in % this settle- 
 ment, and lived a life of an industrious, respectable citi- 
 zen. He was a man of patriotic feelings, and his country 
 never called for his services without a ready response. His 
 sons were Robert and Archibald, the latter died in youth. 
 
 Robert lived on Plumb. Creek, where he died in 1830. 
 His sons were James B., John B., Andrew and Robert. The 
 former two are living in the settlement of their father and 
 grandfather; the latter tv/o are dead. 
 
 1804 — Archibald Thompson was a man of excellent char- 
 acter, and a very efficient member of the community. He 
 lived some years in the settlement where he first located, 
 and then moved, in the year 181c, to a pltce two miles south 
 of the present t own of Evansville. Reaching an advanced 
 age, he died in 1833. His sons were' Robert, William, Hoses, 
 Archibald, John and James. Robert lived upon the farm, made 
 
 by his father until he grew to be on old man, and died only 
 a few weeks since. William settled two and a half miles 
 south of Preston, where he still resides. Moses settled 
 about 1816 on the farm now occupied by John M. Thompson. 
 
 He afterwards moved to St. Clair County, and died there 
 in 1846. Archibald went to Hitchcock Prairie in 18<:2, and 
 lived there until his death, in 1856. His descendants are 
 living in the same neighborhood. John Thompson became a 
 very prominent man in the county. He was once County Com- 
 missioner. In 1836 he was elected a member of the Legis- 
 lature, and died during the session of that body. James 
 
 -48- 
 
Thompson, the youngest of the brothers, lived upon his 
 father's farm until he died, in 1835. 
 
 1804 William McBride was a valuable constituent of the 
 
 Irish Settlement. He labored much, and lived in a manner 
 which rendered him a favorite in the community. He was 
 somewhat advanced in age when he came, but he endured the 
 privations of pioneer life very well. He died in 1818. His 
 sons, Thomas— who had a family when they come, John and 
 William, settled around their father, and were industrious, 
 highly esteemed citizens. They arc all dead now. Thomas 
 left two sons— William and John. The former lives in Wash- 
 ington County; the latter on the old place. William McBride 
 was Captain of a militia company in 1813, and once held the 
 office of County Commissioner* Mrs. Wilson, now living in 
 Chester, is the only surviving one of John McBride »s family. 
 
 1804 — Robert McDonough remained in the settlement until 
 his death. His family then moved away, and none of his 
 descendants are now in the county. 
 
 1804— In the same year — 1804— Samuel Cochran located 
 upon the land which is now known as the "Haskin farm." He 
 was far out from the settlement at that time, and lived some- 
 what secluded, yet he was very sociable, and fond of company. 
 He was an influential and popular man, and held several im- 
 portant offices. He died in Jackson County, in 1824. His 
 sons were John, William, George, Alexander and Elisha. 
 John improved a farm near the Bilderbacks, and lived upon it 
 until his death. William settled, lived and died upon the 
 farm on which Joseph Hardin now resides, one mile northwest 
 of Chester. Mrs. Vanzant, now living in Chester at an ad- 
 vanced age, is the daughter of Samuel Cochran. George moved 
 to Jackson County, and there became a very prominent man. 
 The other brothers also went to Jackson county. They were 
 noted for their exploits in hunting. 
 
 1804 — About this time a man by the name of Emsley Jones 
 settled in the region of Liberty. Another man named Reed 
 and settled in the same neighborhood. Jones and Reed got 
 into a quarrel, which finally resulted in Jones killing 
 Reed, for which crime he v/as hung, in Kaskaskia. This was 
 the first execution upon the gallows in Randolph County. 
 A short time afterwards, an Indian was hung for murdering a 
 white man, These are the only two instances where capital 
 punishment has been resorted to within the limits of the 
 county since it had an existence, and it is earnestly hoped 
 that such a proceeding will never again blacken her fair 
 fame. If, however, the necessity should occur, her courts 
 must yield obedience to the requirements of imperative laws. 
 
 1805 — Alexander Barber came in 1805 from Ohio. He 
 first settled near the Bilderbacks, on the east side of the 
 Kaskaskia river. Being a man of strong native intellect, a 
 clear Judgment, and robust constitution, he took a leading 
 position among the other stalwart characters of the settle- 
 
ment in which he located. His employment was farming, but, 
 as the settlements increased, he was engaged in building 
 mills. Skilled in this branch of business, and possessing 
 a great energy, he was a very useful man in the new country, 
 and did much for its advancement. About the year 1825, he 
 located on the farm where he now resides, two miles north 
 of Liberty. Here he erected a mill; and he has been engaged 
 with mills nearly ever since. The name of Barber suggests 
 the idea of a mill. More than forty years ago he was elect- 
 ed a Justice of the Peace— a position for which Nature 
 seems to have designed him — and he still holds the office, 
 having filled it during all that time without intermission. 
 There is probably no man in Illinois who has held that of- 
 fice so long, and probably no man that ever filled the of- 
 fice whose official acts have given such general satisfac- 
 tion. A few months more and he will have attained his four- 
 score years, yet he retains his intellectual faculties in 
 their vigor and brightness. He has fifty-four years of the 
 history of this county fresh in his memory. He belongs to 
 a generation past, but lives yet as a noble specimen of his 
 compeers. 
 
 Alexander Clark was another of those who came in 1805. 
 He located three miles south of the present town of Evans- . 
 ville. How long he remained, or what position he occupied, 
 could not be learned. 
 
 1805 — Joseph Lively came, in 1805, from Abbeville, 
 South Carolina, and settled the Seymour farm, three miles 
 north of Kaskaskia. He lived u±;on the farm until 18£3, 
 when he moved and settled in the lower end of Oppossumden 
 Prairie. He moved the next year and settled upon the place 
 where Judge John Campbell resides. He was active, industri- 
 ous, and benevolent. He died in 1833. His sons were Amos, 
 Shadrack, Inoch, Richard, James, and Reuben,, who have be- 
 come well known to the people of the county, and from whom 
 a numerous descendancy has sprung. They were farmers, gen- 
 erally, and good neighbors. Some of them are yet living, 
 though old men. 
 
 1805 — John Lively a brother of Joseph, who came at the 
 same time, settled in the Prairie northeast of the Irish 
 Settlement, from which circumstance the prairie has been 
 c ailed "Lively Prairie". He was the pioneer of that part 
 of the county, and sustained his position in a manner which 
 excites sentiments of pride in his descendants. He lived in 
 this prairie during his life, which closed in 18L6. Reuben 
 Lively, who lives near Athens, in St. Clair County, is the 
 oldest son or John Live!;*. His other sons were James, Turner , 
 William and Hugh P. — the latter was accidentally killed by 
 the falling of a tree. Turner and William are residents of 
 the prairie where their father lived. James is dead. 
 
 1806— In the year 1806, George Wilson and Samuel 
 Crozier, from Abbeville, South Carolina, arrived in the 
 County. George Wilson settled on Plumb creek near the forks. 
 
 -50- 
 
From there he went to the mouth of Dozar Creek, and re- 
 mained until 1812, when he moved into the Fort, He 
 lived in the Fort for some years after the settlers had 
 returned to their homes. In 1827 he moved into Hitch- 
 cock Prairie,' and lived there until his death in 1857, 
 Mr. Wilson was a man in whom were blended all those 
 noble traits of character which distinguished the early 
 pioneers — high-minded, generous, brave. Through his 
 long life he maintained a high position among his neigh- 
 bors, and though he had reached the age of seventy-five 
 when he died, his death was a loss felt by the community. 
 Hi3 sons are John A., George, Willie m L. , James and 
 Andrew. John A. Wilson ha3 filled the office of Sheriff 
 of the county, and is now the Major of the city of 
 Sparta. George lives upon the old place of his father, 
 William L. is a citizen of Chester. James lives near ishe 
 old place in the prairie. 
 
 1806 — Samuel Crozier opened a farm on Nine 
 Mile Creek, two miles south of the location of Evancville. 
 He was a man of high intellectual abilities, soci^Dle and 
 benevolent. He rose to position and influence without 
 an effort. In 1827 he was chosen a member of the Legis- 
 lature, He died in 1834. His sons were John, James, 
 Andrew, Archibald and Samuel B. John Crozier settled 
 upon the site of Red Bud in Horse Prairie, in 1824. He 
 was the father of Samuel Crozier who was one of the 
 founders, and a highly esteemed citizen of Red Bud, and 
 who died a few weeks ago; also James, who is still liv- 
 ing in t hat town, and Thomas. The brothers of John 
 Crozier became citizens of the county, and lived in it 
 until they died. The Crozier family has always sustained 
 a very respectable position in the community, 
 
 Mr. Mansker, .father of Samuel Mansker, made a settlr- 
 ment on Liberty Island, in 1806, but the farm he made 
 washed away in a few years, and he removed. Samuel 
 M ansker settled upon the farm where he now lives in tlv 
 same year that his father located upon the Island. He 
 has been a sturdy, persevering and respectable citizen. 
 
 1807 — John Campbell, from Abbeville, South Carolina, 
 settled near the mouth of Nine Mile Creek, in 1807. He 
 lived upon that place until 1620, v/hen he moved to a 
 place four miles east of Fvansville, and died there in. 
 1827. His life was that of an unassuming, retired and 
 respectable citizen. His sons, John, Samuel, Archibald 
 and James all settled in tne neighborhood of their father, 
 
 1807 — During the Jrear 1807, John Taggart, from 
 South Carolina, came to the county. He remained for 
 some time about Xaskaskia, finally joined the ranging 
 service, and after receiving his discharge he settled 
 upon the farm where he now resides, about nine miles 
 north of Chester. Amos Taggart, who lives on the Chester 
 and Sparta road, is a son of John, 
 
 -51- LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 
 
1907 Daniel Taggart, brother of John, came from 
 
 South Carolina at the samo time. He was also in the 
 ranging service, and after the company was disbanded he 
 located upon a farm near his brother. His sons are John, 
 William, Amos and Daniel, ail of whom are living in the 
 neighborhood of their father. 
 
 1807— John Steele, from Tennessee, came to the county 
 
 in 180 r 
 and 
 mentL 
 
 now stands. Here he formed the nucleus of a settlement, 
 which increased rapidly. During his long life he displayed 
 the seme energy in every undertaking as had done in 
 establishing this settlement. He was a man of sterling 
 worth— a noble specimen of the pioneers. His sons were 
 George, Archibald. Janes, John, and Thomas, from whom 
 the numerous family bearing their name, living around 
 Steelesviile, have descended. George Steele was th3 
 founder of Georgetown, since called steelesviile, and the 
 proprietor of Steele's Hills, a point widely known in 
 early times. He v/as a man of enterprising energy, and a 
 very useful citizen. He was the father of James and 
 Thomas Steele. 
 
 Archibald Steele, the Second son of the pioneer, 
 opened a farm one-half mile southwest of Steelesviile, 
 and lived there until his death, a few months ago. 
 Inheriting the characteristics of his father, he was a 
 leading, influential member of the community in which he 
 lived. He was the father of Anthony, Jefferson, Rllen, 
 Merrit, Jasper, and Lindsay. Anthony now holds the of- 
 fice of Sheriff. 
 
 James Steele remained a citizen of the county until 
 1849, when he moved away to Iowa. John and Thomas are 
 living near Steelesviile. 
 
 1803 — In this year, one of the most remarkable 
 pioneers that figured in the county, came and settled 
 about three miles south of Steelesviile. That man was 
 Jacob Bowerman. Decision of character was a leading 
 trait, and shone out in all his operations. He was a 
 representative man, and filled the position of a leader 
 with, marked ability. His ingenuity was unbounded. He 
 was master of almost every trade, and from the fertility 
 of hi3 genius he could manufacture guns, though he never 
 served an apprenticeship to the trade. As a marksman, 
 with the rifle he had no superior. He lived on the farm 
 where ho first settled only a short time, then opened the 
 farm on which Archibald Stucle lived during life, and 
 afterwards settled upon the farm, on the western side of 
 Steelesviile, which i3 known as the "old Dov/erman place. 
 He had four sons- Jonathan, Jesse, Michael, and William — 
 three of whom are yet living — Je-3se being dead. Jonathan 
 resides in Jackson county; Michael lives three miles south 
 of Steelesviile; and William lives three miles north of 
 
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the same place. 
 
 1808 — In this year, another addition was made to the 
 Irish Settlement. Robert Foster and John Anderson arrived 
 from South Carolina, Abbeville District, having made that 
 long journey on horseback. Foster first located near the 
 settlement of Killer and McCormack, where James and George 
 McCormack now live. He afterwards moved on to Plumb CrPel; 
 and erected a steam distillery and a horse-mill. With this 
 appendage to the settlement, inducements were offered to 
 immigrants which brought many to it. Foster »s mill was the 
 center of attraction — the place for all public gatherings, 
 musters, &c. Mr. Foster, as his work3 indicate, was a man 
 for the time3 — enterprising, determined, and accommodating. 
 Possessing a practical judgment, his efforts were directed 
 to such projects as promised to advance the public inter- 
 ests. He was sometimes called to fill official stations, 
 which he did with high satisfaction. He was a devoted 
 friend of the church, and a Christian in the- fullest sense 
 of the term. He died in 1831. His sons were samuc.i , John, 
 James A., William, and David. Samuel died in Sparta, some 
 years ago. John died before Samuel. James A. Foster was 
 one of the founders of Sparta, and he has been a successful 
 merchant of that place for many years. . David and William 
 Foster reside near Sparta. 
 
 &808 — John Anderson settled near the farm of his 
 brother, Col. Anderson, and there lived until his death. He 
 was a faithful friend of the church, and filled the office 
 of ruling elder from the time the church was organized until 
 his death, in which position he acted well his part. He 
 held the office of Justice of the Peace for a great number 
 of years. 
 
 1808 — A fSr. Henderson, from South C arolina, came in 
 1808, and settled the farm n ow occupied by James Walsh, on 
 the western side of ths Kaskaskia river, at Evansville. 
 
 1808 — John Clendenin, from Green County, Kentucky, came 
 to Illinois in 1808, and settled upon the farm which for a 
 long time was known by the name of the "Porter place," now 
 an addition to Chester. He was a Revolutionary Soldier, and 
 an excellent representative of that class of brave, patri- 
 otic men. It is related of him, that once while guarding 
 some prisoners, a lady came and asked of him permission to 
 see her brother, who was a prisoner. Too gallant to refuse 
 the lady the privilege of seeing her brother, and confiding 
 in her integrity, he divested himself of his uniform and 
 loaned it to her. She put it on, made the visit to her 
 brother, and returned it to him according to her promise. 
 This incident is a mirror which reflects the noble character 
 of the man. His life among the pioneers was that of a high- 
 minded, honorable, industrious citizen— and to which his 
 descendants may revert with sentiments of pride. James, 
 Henry, John, and Harvey Clendenin, who have filled so large 
 a space in the history of Randolph County, were his sons; 
 all of whom were approaching manhood when they arrived in Illi- 
 nois - -53- 
 
James Clendenin opened the farm where Harvey Lemons now 
 lives, and afterwards moved to the neighborhood of Liberty, 
 where he died, in 1851. He was the father of Simpson and 
 John H. Clendenin. 
 
 Henry Clendenin died in early life, leaving no family, 
 
 John Clendenin is yet living, having spent fifty-one 
 years of his life amidst the scenes and events of Randolph 
 County, He is the father of James Harvey, and Henry simp- 
 son Clendenin, 
 
 Harvey Clendenin became a prominent man in the county, 
 and filled the Office of County Commissioner, in which 
 position he distinguished himself as a man of sound judg- 
 ment and clear discrimination. He was the father of Ephrarn 
 R,, John C . , Samuel, Harvey, and Henry Clendenin, who have 
 become well known citizens of the county. 
 
 1808— Richard Robbison came from South Carolina, in 
 1808, and first settled in the Bilderback settlement, but 
 afterwards he moved into the region of the Steele settle- 
 ment. Here he lived and raised a large family. His sons 
 are John, Joseph, Richard, James, Shadrack, William. Thomas, 
 and Jefferson, from whom the numerous family of that name 
 now living in the county have descended. 
 
 1808— Andrew McCorraack settled in the Bilderback settle- 
 ment in the year 1808. His sons, James and George, live in 
 the same neighborhood where their father located. 
 
 1808— John Miller settled in the same neighborhood 
 about the same time. 
 
 1808— James White came from South Carolina in 1808, 
 and settled on the hills one-half mile north of the road 
 from Chester to Steelesville, v/here the road crosses Mary's 
 river. 
 
 1808 — Augustus Davis, first settled, in 1808, near 
 Kaskaskia, and afterwards moved to the Steele settlement. 
 Some of his descendants are still living in the county. 
 
 1808— William Barnett came from Kentucky, and located 
 in the Irish settlement. He wa3 a man of industrious habits, 
 retired disposition, yet bold and firm when necessity re- 
 quired it. He died in 1818, His sons were John and William 
 Barnett, John lived upon his fathers farm, and reared a 
 large family. William M., Alexander C, Samuel, Corrydon 
 and John Barnett were his sons, Corrydon is the only one 
 now living, 
 
 AVilliam, the second son of the pioneer, was drowned. He 
 was out in the campaign against the Indians in 1813, and 
 when returning home, having reached Plumb creek, only two 
 miles distant from his father's house, he was drowned, 
 
 1809 — John Beatte was added to the Irish settlement in 
 
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1809. He was from Abbeville, South Carolina, and became a 
 valuable citizen in the community. He was retired and very 
 quiet, yet a man of much force and decision of character. 
 Johv Andrew and Charles Beatte were his sons. John and 
 Andrew died several years ago, leaving large families. 
 Charles is still living. 
 
 1809— Choslcy Allen, from Virginia, settled in Horse 
 Prairie, in 1809, and formed the nucleus for a settlement in 
 that region of the county. He was a man possessing all the 
 qualifications of a pioneer leader, and left a memory re- 
 vered and esteemed by his neighbors. His sons were James, 
 John, Albert, William and Miner, who became highly respected 
 citizens of that prairie, John W. Allen, now a citizen of 
 Red Bud, is the son of James Allen; and James R. Allen, a 
 merchant of the same place, is the son of John Allen. 
 
 1809— Raleigh Ralls, settled in Horse Prairie about tho 
 same time of Allen. He came from Virginia, and brought with 
 him the characteristics of a Virginia gentleman. Edward 
 and John Ralls who became prominent citizens of that prairie 
 were his sons. John v/as known as a pioneer preacher, and 
 he filled the duties of that sacred office until his death, 
 in 1857. James M. Ralls, who is Clerk of the Circuit Court, 
 is a son of Rev. John Ralls. 
 
 1809 — Edward Faherty located on the southern border of 
 Horse Prairie in 1809, and lived there, a highly respected 
 citizen, until his death. Patrick and John Faherty, now 
 living in the prairie, are his sons. 
 
 1809 — This year came Ezra Owens and Thomas J. V. , his 
 son, who settled in the Dr. Fisher neighborhood. Owens be- 
 came a prominent man. He -was chosen Ma 2 or of the militia, 
 and filled the office with creditable ability. His son 
 Thoma3 J. V. Owens filled the office of Sheriff at one time, 
 and was a member of the legislature. 
 
 During the period of ten years, from 1800, through 
 which the arrival of the settlers have been faithfully 
 chronicled, according to the best available data, no event 
 occurred of special moment. From this time, however, com- 
 menced the Indian troubles which continued until after the 
 close of the war of 1812. Fortunately, however, for the 
 infant settlements of this county, they were free from those 
 midnight butcheries which were visited upon the settlements 
 in other portions of the surrounding country. In Washington 
 County the family of John Lively— a relative of those of that 
 name who had settled in this county — fell victims to savage 
 barbarity. One afternoon, when all the family but two were 
 gathered within the cabin, the Indians came, brutally mur- 
 dered every one in the house, and then set fire to it, and 
 consumed the freshly made corpses with the timbers of the 
 building, as no one present was left to tell the particulars 
 of this horrible tragedy, they have never been known. A son 
 of Mr, Lively, William, who was then a small boy, was out at 
 the time of the murder, hunting horses. On returning he dis- 
 
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covered the flames and smoke rising from his father's cabin, 
 and fearing lest the sad reality be true, he went away to 
 a neighbor's house and gave the information of what he had 
 seen. They went and found only the crisped and charred 
 forms of their friends smouldering in the ashes of the cabin. 
 William and Jane, a little girl, who happened to be visiting 
 some of her little friends in the neighborhood, escaped the 
 terrible fate of their parents, and brothers and sisters, 
 and are yet living. William is one of the oldest citizens 
 in Washington County. Jane married William Caudle, of this 
 county and is the mother of a large family, and still liv- 
 ing at an extreme old age. 
 
 From 1810, until after the c3ose of the war of 1812, 
 there v/as but little emigration to the county, and but lii,+le 
 advancement of any kind. There was but one arrival in 1811 — 
 that of Michael Harmon, and emigrant from Tennessee. He 
 explored the country around Kaskaskla, ind decided to set- 
 tle in the region now known as the "Harmon settlement." H p 
 returned to Tennessee and brought out his family. Iu the 
 ensuing fall he died, leaving his seven sons to maintain the 
 ground he had claimed, for cultivation. They all settled 
 around the place where their father died, and gave to the 
 region an importance which attracted attention at the time, 
 and which is well known over the county yet. rive of the 
 sons of the pioneer are yet living — Joseph, Abraham, George, 
 John, and James — and around them live their children and 
 grandchildren. This is probably the most densely popu- 
 lated of any settlement now in the county. Twenty-two years 
 ago, a Methodist society was organized in the settlement, 
 by Rev. Lopez, and has been an institution ever since, under 
 the supervision of the Southern Illinois Conference. In 
 1855, a church edifice was completed and christened 
 "Palestine Church". 
 
 With Harmon is family came John Young, who located upon 
 the farm now occupied by Mr. Hargus, in the region of 
 Ellis* Grove. Stephen Young, living in the same neighbor - 
 hoos, is a son of John Young. 
 
 1812— In 1812, William Nelson, (an Irishman by birth,) 
 from Abbeville, South Carolina, settled on Horse Creek. 
 He was a man of enterprising habits, and erected a distill- 
 ery, which gave to his place an attractive importance. He 
 became a prominent man, and held the office of County Com- 
 missioner, and was Justice of the Peace for a long term of 
 years. He died in 1844, upwards of seventy years of age. 
 He had four sons—John G., Isarc. William, Robert, and 
 Wilson--all of whom (except the last one), became citizens 
 of the county. John G. Nelson was often elected justice of 
 the Peace, and at one time was elected County Commissioner. 
 He died in 1852. Isaac H. Nelson, Clerk of the County Court, 
 is a son of John G. Nelson. Isaac is still living upon the 
 old place of his father, having filled the office of Justice 
 of the Peace for meny years. William and Robert settled, 
 lived, and died close by the farm where their father settled. 
 
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1812— Hugh Leslie came from Abbeville, South Carolina 
 with Nelson; Samuel, and Mathew Leslie, living in Hill 
 Prairie, are his sons. 
 
 During the year 1812, the hostility of the Indians 
 rendered it necessary for all the settlements to seek pro- 
 tection in the Forts. A block house, or fort, was erected 
 in some central positionin al.l the principal settlements. 
 One was erected in the Irish Settlement, of convenient 
 size to accommodate all the settlers. Another one was 
 erected in Dr. Fisher's neighborhood; another at Georgetown; 
 another at Jacob Bowcrman»s. The settlers on the east side 
 of the Kaskaskia river took refuge in Fort Gage. Tne peo- 
 ple abandoned their private houses, and quartered in these 
 forts, living as one family, adopting for the ci:ae being 
 something of a community system. The men pursued their 
 ordinary business, but never left the forts without their 
 guns. They were sometimes attacked while in the field at 
 but no instance of a murder ha3 been found. 
 
 1814 — James and Samuel Thomson, from Abbeville, south 
 Carolina, arrived at Kaskaskia in 1814. They v/ere both 
 young men. James taught school in Kaskaskia three years, 
 then located upon the farm where he nov; resides. He was 
 skilled in surveying, and was employed for twenty years in 
 the United States Surveying Service, and ha3 in late years 
 filled the office of County Surveyor, several terms; and 
 he is now the chief deputy in that office, with its full 
 control and management. He commanded a company of militia 
 in the Black Hawk War. Under Governor Reynold's adminis- 
 tration he was appointed Judge of the probate court, in 
 which position he continued during seventeen successive 
 years. In all these stations he discharged his duties in 
 a manner that won universal satisfaction. His profession 
 is that of surveyor; and whenever the name of James Thomp- 
 son is mentioned, the idea of surveying is suggested. His 
 foot has probably made its impress upon every section of 
 land in Randolph county. John P. Thompson, who died in 
 1851, while holding the office of Sheriff, was the oldest 
 son of James Thompson. 
 
 Samuel Thompson, brother of James, was also a sur- 
 veyor, and often held that office in the county. He, too, 
 was employed in the United States Surveying Service for 
 many years. He died about the year 1848, leaving a largo 
 and respectable family. 
 
 1814— William and John Allen, from Georgia to Ohio, 
 from whence they came to Illinois, in 1814, settled ad- 
 joining the Irish Settlement. They were upright, honorable 
 men, and highly esteemed by the community. William died at 
 North's Ferry, on the Kaskaskia river, about the year 1840. 
 John died five years later. Aaron M. Allen, a prominent 
 merchant of Sparta, is the son of John Allen. 
 
 4-u ^15 — Alexander Gaston, from Kentucky, settled upon 
 the John McFarland place in 1815, He wa3 succeeded by his 
 
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son, Alexander, who lived and died upon the same place , 
 
 1816 — Andrew Barders (note: this name also spelled 
 Borders, F.P.L.) came to the Irish settlement in 1816. 
 He was then a young man, full of hope and vigor. He lived 
 for a time with Robert Foster, and attended his distillery. 
 Afterwards he located upon the farm where he now lives. 
 Possessing a strong, robust constitution, a vigorous mind, 
 end clear Judgment, he has been the leader of his neighbor- 
 hood; and by his industry, economy and cautiousness in tra- 
 ding, he has become very wealthy. 
 
 1816— -Thomas Mudd, from Kentucky, came in 1816, with 
 sevan sons — James, Francis, Fdward, Joseph, Phelix, John, 
 and William — all of whom settled on the high lands in the 
 prairie back of prairie du Rochei . This family has always 
 occupied a very respectable position in thin county. Three 
 of the seven brothers are yet living — Edward, (who lives in 
 Iowa,) Francis and John live where they settled forty-two 
 years ago. William Mudd, who is an Associate justice of 
 the County Court, is a son of James Mudd. The family has 
 become very numerous. 
 
 1816 — Samuel Crawford, from Tennessee, came in 1816. 
 His residence was transient until 1819, when he settled in 
 the lower end of Oppossunden Prairie. He became a popular 
 man, and was often promoted to official stations. He held 
 the office of Justice of the Peace, v/as Receiver of Public 
 Monies in the Land Office, at Kaskaskia, and served one 
 session in the Legislature. His sons were James H. , Hugh 
 M., William, Stace ? and John. Jcir.es lives in Galena. Hugh 
 in Camptown, and William in Florence; stace and John both 
 died in California, Hugh and William have held the office 
 of Justice of the Peace. 
 
 1816 — William Fowler came from South Carolina, and 
 made the farm on which Abram Harmon, Sr., now lives. He 
 was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and a zealous 
 patriot. When he died, in 1846, his death was deeply re- 
 gretted by those who had an opportunity of appreciating his 
 worth. He had three sons, only two of whom came to this 
 county — James and Washington. James lived near his father 
 some years, and then moved to Perry County. His two sons, 
 William and John, became citizens of this county, and died 
 here— the former in 1856, the latter in 1859. Washington 
 lived and died in the neighborhood where his father settled. 
 His children live around the old place. 
 
 1816 — John Layno came from Tennessee, and settled near 
 Georgetown, whore he died. Ellsha Layno, now living in 
 Chester, is the only son of John Layne now in the county. 
 
 1816— Jam^ Slater settled necr the residence of Hughs 
 in this year, and lived there until his death. Joseph 
 Slater, living in the same neighborhood, is the only son 
 now remaining in the county. 
 
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1816 — In this year, Cornelius Adkins made a settlement 
 in the lower end of short *s Prairie. He remained there many 
 years . 
 
 1816 — Benjamin Brown settled in the Bradley neighbor- 
 hood. How lcr\F 3 he remained here, or whether his descendants 
 are in the county, could not be a seer tained . 
 
 1816 — In th c - same year, Emanuel Canady came from Tennes- 
 see, and settled hear the Steeles. He afterwards moved to 
 the Bradley settlement, where he still resides. Though he 
 has passed through the privations ci' pioneer life, and 
 reached an old age, he is still strong and active. 
 
 1817 — In 1817, the Bradley family settled in the region 
 of Shiloh, and opened the way for the settlement of that part 
 of the county. Each member of this family was a tower of 
 strength within himself. In all „;*. se enterprises, whether 
 civil or military, which interested the public, the name of 
 Bradley was conspicuous. James, Frcr.ld.in, William and 
 Richard Bradley are now the representatives of the family, 
 and are old men. Their descendants are numerous. 
 
 1817 — Robert Mann came to the county in 1817, and opened 
 a farm near the Irish Settlement, where he lived until his 
 death. Such was his character that his descendants, who 
 have risen to high positions, may regard him with feelings 
 of pleasure. His sons are John, William, Robert, and Alexan- 
 der. John came to the county some years after his father, 
 and lives five miles northwest of Chester. He once held the 
 office of- Judge of County Commissioner »s Court, from which 
 fact the appellation of "Judge" has been given him, and by 
 that title he is well known. He is the father of a large and 
 respectable family. William Mann still lives near the placo 
 where his father settled, and has his children around him, 
 who are active members in the community. Robert Mann has 
 filled several important offices — was an officer in a company 
 of militia that went out in the Black Hawk campaign, once 
 represented the county in the Legislature, and filled the 
 office of School Commissioner. Alexander Mann lives upon 
 the old place made by his father. 
 
 1617 — Colonel Gabriel Jones, from Adair County, Kentucky, 
 came in the year 1817, and settled on the farm one mile west 
 of Steelesville, which is widely known as the "old Col. Jones 
 place.". His talents, energy, activity, and high sense of 
 honor, placed him forward as a lector, and he became a promi- 
 nent actor in all the public matters of those times. In the 
 Black Hawk War he was promoted to the position of Colonel, 
 and he distinguished himself as an able officer and gallant 
 soldier. He has represented the county in the General Assem- 
 bly, and filled other offices of responsible trust. He is 
 now the Mayor of the city of Chester, and holds the office 
 of Justice of the Pecce. Though he ha3 reached the sere of 
 life, he is yet active and vigorous. 
 
 1817 — Ignatius Sprigg, an emigrant from Maryland, settled 
 
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in the American Bottom, between Kaskaskia and Prairie du 
 Rocher, on the Rector farm, in 1817. He was another of the 
 sound, practical, honorable minded pioneers, and the people 
 often testified their appreciation of his worth by electing 
 him to positions of responsible trust — first to the office 
 of County Treasurer, and next to thn ; ; of sheriff, which he 
 held during a period of ten years. H* is now a citizen of 
 Arkansas, engaged in the United Stat™ Surveying service. 
 
 1817 — James and Henry 0»Ha?a caae to the county in this 
 year, and settled in the region whsre James now lives. 
 Both of these men have occupied positions of official trust* 
 and stand high in the estimation of the people. They are 
 both still living, having attain jd r. old age. The settle- 
 ment where they live has taken their 11**1$, and assumed a 
 position of note and importance. St. Patrick's Church was 
 organized in this settlement some years ago, and in 1353, a 
 church building was erected under the supervision of Father 
 Hane. Father Gifford, a very old man» is now the officiating 
 priest. 
 
 1817 — Curtis Coon came to Kaskaskia about the year 1817. 
 He was a native of Boston, Massachusetts, and had spent 
 several years in the V/est Indies engaged in heavy commercial 
 transactions. After remaining a. year in Kaskaskia he pur- 
 chased and settled upon the Haskin farm two miles southwest 
 of Chester. His talents were of a high order, and he pos- 
 sessed an energy and business qualifications which peculiar- 
 ly fitted him for public office. He filled the office of 
 Judge of the Probate Court for a term of years, and his of- 
 ficial acts in that Court were usually regarded with high 
 satisfaction. In every station whoro he presided he was a 
 model. 
 
 1817 — Daniel Alexander, from Maine, c ame to the county 
 in 1817. For a time he worked at the mouth of Okaw; then 
 purchased a farm in the Hughs settlement, which he afterv/ards 
 sold to Charles Stratton. Some years ago he went to Texas, 
 and was murdered there. 
 
 1817 — James McFarland came from South Carolina and 
 settled on the west fork of Maryts river, near the Kaskaskia 
 road, and lived there until his death. Andrew McFarland, 
 who lives in the same neighborhood, is the only surviving 
 son of James McFarland. 
 
 1817— Samuel Nisbet from South Carolina, made a settle- 
 ment one mile east of Eden, in 1817. He was an industrious, 
 honorable man, and a firm friend of the church. But few men 
 ever possessed the faculties of enduring the privationa of a 
 pioneer country more than ho> Ho io still living. 
 
 1817— William Morris, from Ohio, settled in the Oppossum- 
 den Prairie in 1817. His son lives upon the same place. 
 
 1817 — In this year, or shortly afterwards, Cwin. Barrows, 
 Houseman and 3orae others, settled in the Bradly settlement. 
 
 .60- (Bradley) 
 
They were valuable additions to that community, and men of 
 high character. Their descendants are numerous and respect- 
 able. 
 
 1817 — Henry Will settled upon the ^oint of the bluff 
 above Kaskaskia in 1817. His character was that of an in- 
 dustrious farmer and good neighbor. His con, Daniel V/ill, 
 now lives upon the same place. Around this point an im- 
 portant settlement was formed, and a church organization was 
 made several years ago. 
 
 1818 — Joseph and Thomas Orr, from Virginia, settled in 
 the O'Harra neighborhood in 1818. Joseph was cfcD^'i Major 
 of a militia regiment, which post he filled with civcvi u .able 
 ability. He was an early citizen of Sparta, and ^ i in 
 that place in 1850. Thomas moved to Pitte county in 1J?9. 
 
 1818--Bencdict Harrel was added to the o»Har'- settlement 
 in 1818; Cornelius and Thomas Harrel now living is the same 
 neighborhood are his sons. 
 
 1818--John Brewer, another emigrant from Kentucky, came 
 to the O'Hara settlement in 1318. He brought with him six 
 sons— Thomas, Felix, Vincent, George, Pius, and John, all of 
 whom became important constituents of the community. John 
 once filled the office of County Commissioner, and is now a 
 Justice of the Peace. 
 
 1818 — The Hull family arrived in the O'Hara settlement 
 in 1818. They were from Kentucky — four brothers — Norton, 
 Samuel, Lev/is, and Thomas. Norton Hull was a conspicuous 
 man, having conferred upon him the office of captain of a 
 militia company. He and his brother Samuel died where they 
 located. Thomas and Lewis died in Pike county. 
 
 1818— In this year, Rev. Silas Crisler, from Boone 
 county, Kentucky, arrived in Illinois, and made a farm six 
 miles east of Kaskaskia, not far from the Harmon Settlement. 
 Possessing strong natural faculties, a large amount of kind- 
 ness and generosity, and some eccentricity, he became well- 
 known, and highly esteemed. Much of his time was devoted 
 to his sacred calling. Gravel Creek Church, of which he was 
 the founder and pastor for many years, was amonj the first 
 Baptist churches in Illinois. He died in 1851. His three 
 sons — Abel, Leonard and John are all living, having been 
 highly respected citizens of the county during life. 
 
 1818 — Amasa Aldrich., a native of Worcester County, Massa- 
 chusetts, came to Kaskaskia, in 1818. He remained a few years 
 and then located upon a farm two miles north of Chester, in 
 a region around which there were no settlements near. He 
 was the pioneer of his settlement. In 1853 he died, having 
 lived to see the country around changed from a wild into a 
 thickly settled and highly cultivated district. 
 
 1819 — Alexander Campbell, from Tennessee, came to the 
 Irish Settlement in 1819* He remained here a few years, then 
 
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removed to a farm near the Bowerman settlement. He was e 
 quiet, good, industrious citizen, and died in 1827, leaving 
 a large family. His sons were Edward, John, Andrew. Y/illiam, 
 and Alexander, The latter three are dead, Edward Iive3 
 near his father's old place. Has been County Commissioner 
 and Justice of the Peace. In 1838, John Campbell was elect- 
 ed to the office of Sheriff, and continued in that position 
 ten successive years; was afterwards elected Judge of the 
 County Court, then sheriff again; and he now holds the of- 
 fice of Judge of the County Court. 
 
 1819— Eli Short was an emigrant from Kentucky. He 
 settled on the eastern edge of the prairie which b*ers his 
 name, and lived there until his death, in 1844, H? vas a 
 soldier in the war of 1812, having enlisted in a Kei :ucky 
 regiment, and was at the celebrated battle of Tippecanoe, 
 where he received a wound, from which he never full recovered. 
 He drew a pension as long as he lived, seeing the want of 
 Gospel ministers in the new country, he commenced preaching 
 and continued to discharge the duties of his holy office 
 until he died. His oldest son, Abraham, remained in Ken- 
 tucky, and died there. Three others came with him to Illi- 
 nois. Denard Short settled near his father, and died in 
 1830. John is still living, and occupies a farm two miles 
 east of steelesville. Jefferson Short went out in the cam- 
 paign against the Indians in the Black Hawk war, and was 
 killed. 
 
 1819 — David Hathorn came from Ohio, and settled first 
 near the present location of Evansville. In 1825, he lo- 
 cated in the southern end of Oppossumden Prairie, where he 
 remained until his death. He was a good citizen, and bore 
 the part of a high-minded, generous man. His sons were 
 Samuel, James, Thomas, David, and William, of whom James 
 alone is living, 
 
 1819 — James Baird, from Ohio, came in 1819, and 
 settled the place three miles south of Sparta, now occupied 
 by Alexander Wylie. In his younger days he was strong, 
 athletic, and a leading man. He is now in the sere of life, 
 and his friends are as numerous as his acquaintances. One 
 of his sons, John Baird, is Judge of the county court of 
 Perry County, 
 
 1819 — Adanijah Ball made a settlement upon Rock 
 Castle Creek, in 1819— penetrating a little farther into 
 the wilderness. He lived and died in that region. One of 
 his sons, Franklin Ball, became a prominent man, and once 
 represented the county in the General Assembly. He died in 
 1856. 
 
 1819— Arthur Parks ceme out from Kentucky in the 
 spring of 1819, and cultivated a crop during the summer. 
 In the fall he returned and brought his family. Ho made a 
 farm on the eastern end of Lively Prairie, where he spent 
 the remainder of his life, which closed in 1844. Possessed 
 of a strong, practical mind, and discriminating Judgment, 
 
 -62- 
 
he was a man in whom the people placed confidence. He once 
 held the office of County Commissioner, and was a justice 
 of the Peace for a great number of years. He had eight 
 sons, four of whom arc now citizens of the county; James B. 
 Parks, of Sparta, who has held the office of County surveyor; 
 John Parks, of Chester; Arthur and Alfred, who live upon the 
 farm of their father. 
 
 1819 — Gegrge Stratton came in 1819, and settled in the 
 American Bottom. Soon afterwards he bought the land on 
 which that part of Chester situated upon the hill now stands, 
 and made a farm which embraced what is now known as the 
 Buena Vista Addition. 
 
 1019 — Isaac Rust, a native of Maine, who had spent 
 several years at sea, came to Kaskaskia in 1819, After re- 
 maining a few years, he went to sea again, and spent a year 
 upon the "Ocean Wave"; then returned and located permanently 
 in Kaskaskia. He was a wagon m a!; r, and introduced an im- 
 proved style of that vehicle among the people of that vil- 
 lage. In 1836, he purchased and moved upon the farm two 
 miles east of Chester, where he now lives. Firmness, deci- 
 sion, industry and generosity are the leading traits of his 
 character. He is the main pillar of the community around 
 him, and often neighborhood difficulties are referred to 
 him for adjudication. The appeal of want never reached his 
 ear without a cheerful response. 
 
 1819 — Shelton Evans and Levi Simmons settled on the 
 point below Kaskaskia in 1819, or probably before that date. 
 In 1825 they moved and located permanently in Horse Prairie. 
 Emanuel Evans, living near Red Bud, is a son of shelton 
 Evans. Levi Simmons left a large family. One of his sons, 
 William Simmons v/as a joint proprietor of Red Bud. 
 
 1820 
 
 lft£0 — Robert Bratncy came from Tennessee to the Irish 
 Settlement, in 1820. His life was that of an industrious 
 farmer, good citizen, and generous neighbor. But one of his 
 sons came to this county with him. He settled upon Plumb 
 Creek, and lived a long and useful life in that community. 
 He was the father of John B., Robert N. , and James C. Brat- 
 ney, all citizens of the same neighborhood where their 
 father lived and died. John B. Bratney holds the office of 
 Justice of the Peace. 
 
 1820 — Martin Smith, an emigrant from the State of New 
 York, came to the county in 1820. The greater part of his 
 life was spent in Randolph County. His only surviving son, 
 John S. Smith, now well advanced in years, lives two miles 
 from Chester, on the Plank Road. He improved this farm more 
 than thirty years ago, and he has spent his life thus far 
 upon it. He is a quiet, industrious, intelligent, good citi- 
 zen, end an accommodating neighbor. 
 
 1820 — John Thomison made a farm in 1820, four miles west 
 of Sparta, where he lived several years. Towards the close 
 of his life he spent his time with his children, in Short's 
 
 -63- 
 
Prairie • George Thomison, a highly respected citizen and 
 merchant of steelesviile, is a son of John Thomison. 
 
 1820 — Mr. Adams, from Kentucky, settled in Horse 
 Prairie, about the year 1820. He was an excellent repre- 
 sentative of the Kentucky pioneers. His son, Samuel B. 
 Adams, is a prominent citizen of that prairie, and has 
 filled the office of Associate Justice of the County Court. 
 He now holds the office of Justice of the peace. 
 
 1820— About the year 1820, the Mc Dills— Thomas, William 
 and John, settled in the region around the present city of 
 Sparta, They became the leading men of that part of the 
 county. Thomas McDill is yet living at an extreme old age, 
 an admirable representative of a past generation. He made 
 a farm one mile end a half west of the location of Sparta, 
 and has lived upon it ever sine e. William and John settled 
 in Flat Prairie, where they lived, highly esteemed citizens 
 for a long series of yoars. The descendants of theso men 
 are numerous. 
 
 1820— Alexander Alexander came in the latter part of 
 1819, or the beginning of 1820. He was from Chester, South 
 Carolina, and located upon a farm one mile south of the 
 locality of Eden. He was the pioneer of that now populous 
 and wealth region. His five sons are still living, respect- 
 able, industrious citizens like their father. 
 
 1820 — John and Samuel Cochran, from Belfast, Maine, 
 arrived in the county in 1820. John first settled upon the 
 farm now belonging to Mr. Darwin, near the mouth of Mary» s 
 river. Soon afterv/ards he settled upon the farm now occupied 
 by Isaec Rust. He moved away to Hancock County about the 
 year 1829. Andrew Cochran made the farm two miles and a 
 half from Chester on the plank road, which is occupied by 
 the V/idow Douglas. He moved to Hancock County about the 
 year 1830. 
 
 1820 — About this year, or probably the year before, 
 David Cathcart, John Dickey, and John McMillen, came and 
 settled in the lower end of Flat Prairie. The arrival of 
 these three men with their families added much strength to 
 the little settlement, and gave it a prominence and charac- 
 ter which induced others to settle in it. They became in- 
 fluential, highly esteemed citizens. Their descendants are 
 now numerous, and among the best citizens of that region. 
 
 1821 — Ebenezer Alexander, from Chester, south Carolina, 
 and James Anderson, from Pittsburgh, came to the settlement 
 in the lower end of Flat Prairie , in 1821. Mr. Alexander 
 is still living, having spent nearly forty years of an in- 
 dustrious, useful life in the same neighborhood. He has a 
 large family. 
 
 James Anderson was an intelligent, honorable, high 
 minded citizen, and died much lamented. He left two sons — 
 Francis B. Anderson, Esq., of Sparta, who occupies a respecta- 
 
 -64- 
 
ble position et the Rtndol^h Co. E^r fend Jemes /nderson,a respect; 
 ble farmer, living near his father's old place. 
 
 1822 — This year, Samuel Douglas, with James Bean, Thomas 
 McBride, James Redpath, and some others, made a settlement 
 in Hitchcock Prairie. Samuel Douglas came to Illinois in 
 1804, with John and James Anderson. He was then but ten 
 years old. Having reached man«s estate, he married and lo- 
 cated as previously stated, and became an influential, lead- 
 ing man in his settlement. He once held office of County 
 Commissioner. His five sons — John A., Archibald, George w., 
 Samuel H. , and James T. Douglas, are all living, and their 
 descendants are numerous, 
 
 James Coulter, John and Alexander McKclvcy, settled in 
 the Grand Cote Prairie, in the northeastern port of tho 
 county, in 1822, and were, thcreforo, tho pioneers of that 
 region. They are all still living, having gathered around 
 them a numerous population. They have always held a re- 
 spectable position in the community, and stood high in the 
 church. 
 
 In the same year, Elisha, George, Charles, and Fortiss 
 Hitchcock, settled in that prairie, from whom it has taken 
 its name. There is none of this family now remaining in the 
 prairie. 
 
 Gv.'in 
 Sometime previous to 18£5, William Swlaa, Burko, House- 
 man, and James Gillespie had settled in the region of tho 
 Bradleys. The descendants of Gwih are living in the same 
 neighborhood. John K., and Thomas C Burke, sons of the 
 pioneer, are leading men in that community. James M. House- 
 man, a respectable farmer in that region, is a son of the 
 pioneer. James Gillespie is still living, and the people 
 of the county have often testified their appreciation of his 
 worth by electing him a member of the County Court. He now 
 holds the position of Associate Justice. 
 
 (Thus meeting each pioneer as he arrived, and noting 
 the locality of his settlement, a mirror-like view of the 
 settlement of the county has been presented. It is diffi- 
 cult to decide at precisely what period of time the immi- 
 grants ceased to be pioneers, but reference has been made 
 to them just so long as it was required to settle the vari- 
 ous districts or settlements of the county. Omissions have 
 probably occurred; indeed, if they have not, it is remark- 
 able. There may be some inaccuracies respecting dates. 
 The authority which was considered most reliable has been 
 followed, though it has been difficult to decide, in some 
 instances v/here a difference has occurred, which was en- 
 titled to preference.) 
 
 Scattering settlements having been made in nearly all 
 parts of the county, the transition from the wild state in 
 which it was found, commenced with determined certainty. 
 
 -65- 
 
Making farms and raising corn was the chief occupation of 
 
 the settlers until about the year 1825, when they commenced 
 planting and exporting cotton. During the next five years, 
 much attention was given to the production of this article 
 in the neighborhood of Columbus (now Sparta) and several 
 cotton gins had been erected. In 1830, about eighty bales 
 of cotton, of good quality, were exported from smith's 
 Landing, (now Chester), 
 
 The production of cotton gradually gave way to the rais- 
 ing of castor beans, which, for some years, was the chief 
 article of commerce. Oil mills were erected in various 
 parts of the county, for the manufacture of castor oil, 
 which was shipped to eastern markets, and always supplied 
 the country with money. 
 
 About the year 1839-40, the Messrs. Cole, who had 
 erected a steam flouring mill at Chester, commenced export- 
 ing flour to Southern and Eastern markets. This induced 
 the cultivation of wheat, which has gradually increased 
 until now it is the staple crop. Corn, oats, and hay have 
 grown to be important crops, and great quantities above 
 home consumption are. annually exported to foreign markets* 
 
 In the past twenty years the increase in every depart- 
 ment of agriculture has been most wonderful, There are now 
 thirteen first class merchant mills in successful operation, 
 and yet great quantities of wheat are shipped to distant 
 markets. The production of fruit has become an important 
 item of commerce, and the soil and climate are found to be 
 well adapted to its successful growth. Irish potatoes have 
 proved a profitable crop, and farmers are devoting much at- 
 tention to its cultivation. 
 
 The county contains about five hundred and sixty square 
 miles of Territory. Its western boundary is the Mississippi 
 river — forty miles in extent. The Kaskaskia river, navi- 
 gable during a greater part of the season, divides it nearly 
 through the centre. Its northern and eastern boundaries in- 
 clude the extreme points of the great prairies of the state. 
 Along its southern border stands a heavy growth of timber. 
 The interior i3 an intermixture of the boundaries. 
 
 Though the agricultural capacity of the county is im- 
 mense, its great source of wealth is stone coal. Nearly 
 the area of three townships, in the centre, is underlaid 
 with a seam of stone coal, of a superior quality, varying 
 from two to six feet in thickness. 
 
 The population of the county is about twenty thousand. 
 The census to be taken next year v/ill probably show a great- 
 er number, as the population is increasing rapidly. 
 
 For more minute particulars of the progress of business, 
 and its present commercial capacity, the reader is referred 
 to the sketches of the cities and towns which follow. 
 
 -66- 
 
RA NDOLPH COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
 
 In the year 1851, the enterprising farmers of Flat 
 Prairie conceived the idea of organizing an Agricultural 
 Society. On the 9th of January, 1852, the Messrs. Addison, 
 Crawford, Craig, Robertson, Brown, Beattie, and a few others, 
 met together and constituted the society. Robert Brown 
 was chosen President, Jacob B. Beattie, Treasurer, and Will- 
 iam Addison, Secretary. 
 
 The first Annual Fair, or Exhibition, was held the 
 third Wednesday in October, 1852, on the farm of James 
 Craig, Flat Prairie. The second Fair was held at the same 
 place, 4th October, 1853. And the third Annual Fair on the 
 farm of William Robertson, Flat Prairie, 25th October, 1854. 
 The members of the Society — and consequent need of addition- 
 al accommodation having greotly increased — the citizens of 
 Sparta Joined with those of the surrounding country in rais- 
 ing subscriptions to board-fence a lot in Sparta, which Mr. 
 Matthew McClurken handsomely gave free, for five years. On 
 this lot the three successive Fairs of »55,'56,and »57, were 
 held, each surpassing the other in interest and attraction, 
 and in the numbers in attendance. 
 
 In the early part of 1858, the Executive Board pur- 
 chased a beautiful piece of land, of ten acres, at Sparta — 
 and at an expense of nearly two thousand dollars, have had 
 it substantially fenced, with extensive stables for horses, 
 cattle, &c, and buildings erected for exhibiting ladies' 
 work, mechanical, and other articles. On this ground the 
 Fair of 1858 was held, on the 6th and 7th days of October, 
 and every year they are, adding to the improvements and em- 
 bellishments of the grounds. The grounds and improvements 
 are not the property of any company or of individuals — but 
 belong to whoever are the members of the Society. The 
 Officers, and Executive Committee for 1859, are: John A. 
 Nelson, President; William Addison, Secretary and Treasurer. 
 Executive Board: Samuel L. Boyd, V/m. Robertson, James 
 Craig, Aaron M. Allen, and John Watson — with Vice ^residents, 
 who ere ex-off icio members of Executive C ommittee — for 
 Sparta, James Crawford; for Georgetown, Her. Heightman; 
 Liberty, H. McLaughland; Chester, Jacob M . Bair; Kaskaskia, 
 Joshua G. Burch; Prairie du Rocher, V/m. Henry, Esq.; Union 
 Precinct, R. D. Durfee; Burnet's, Wm. Rutherford. 
 
 WESTERN RANDOLPH COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
 
 The enterprising farmers around Evansville organized 
 an Agricultural Society in 1854. After holding four suc- 
 cessive and creditable exhibitions, wisdom suggested the 
 propriety of uniting with the other Society; hence this one 
 has been discontinued. 
 
 -67- 
 
DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 6 South, Range 7 West — Kaskaskia 
 
 Anderson, John — farmer 
 
 Buyat, Joseph, — farmer 
 Bauvais, Alexis— H 
 Barker, Lemuel » 
 Barker, Fayette » 
 Barlow, William — Clock re- 
 pairer 
 Beiter, Danatus, shoemaker 
 Beare, Christopher, farmer 
 Beare, John »' 
 
 Bilderback, James » 
 Boucher ie, Edward, coroner 
 Barnskawky, Joseph farmer 
 Balweizer, Daniel farmer 
 Bond, Squire A. » 
 Bode, Henry " 
 
 Brown, Charley " 
 Buyat, August « 
 Buyat, Belonle •' 
 Burghard, Joseph » 
 Burch, J. G. " 
 Burk,jamos » 
 
 Caplot, Pierre » 
 Caplot, Antoine P. » 
 Caudle, Henry » 
 Caudle, Gregory » 
 Caudle, William » 
 Caudle, John »• 
 Caudle, Elney " 
 Caudle, Anderson, Jr. " 
 Caudle, Harrison « 
 Cannady, Henry » 
 Cannady, James, laborer 
 Crew, John laborer 
 Chenoix (Che-nu) , Julian, 
 
 farmer 
 Chenoix, Henry, farmer 
 Canbery, Charles, tailor 
 Conrad, John farmer 
 Colbert, George » 
 Conant, Nathan " 
 Conant, Sullivan, cooper 
 Crisler, Leonard, farmer 
 Crawford, William H. , cooper 
 Crisler John M. cooper 
 Cullen, Ov/en " 
 Cullen, Daniel »» 
 
 Deppe, F. C. farmer 
 Derouse, Peter wagonmaker 
 Derouse, Belo J. farmer 
 Derouse, Lewis » 
 Detrech, Conrad wagonmaker 
 
 Evans, Adam 
 
 farmer 
 
 Feaman, Jacob capitalist 
 
 Feaman, Adam 
 
 farmer 
 
 Fisher, Henry 
 
 ii 
 
 Gary, Theodore 
 
 ii 
 
 Gant, Thomas 
 
 ii 
 
 Gant, Alfred 
 
 tt 
 
 Gant, Harvey 
 
 it 
 
 Gant, Wesley 
 
 it 
 
 Cant, Robert 
 
 ii 
 
 Gant, William 
 
 ii 
 
 Gant, Thomas, Jr. 
 
 ii 
 
 Gardner, A. 
 
 ti 
 
 Gould ing, James 
 
 it 
 
 Gubernater, George E. " 
 
 Huls, Joel, Sr. 
 
 ti 
 
 Huls, Joel, jr. 
 
 ii 
 
 Hartman, Michael 
 
 n 
 
 Haney, Patrick 
 
 ti 
 
 Hargus, James H. 
 
 n 
 
 Haney, John 
 
 ti 
 
 Haney, James 
 
 it 
 
 Harmon, Joseph 
 
 it 
 
 Harmon, James 
 
 it 
 
 Harmon, Henry 
 
 it 
 
 Harmon, Elijah 
 
 ti 
 
 Harmon, Michael 
 
 ti 
 
 Harmon, Abram, Jr, 
 
 , cooper 
 
 Harmon, John, Sr, 
 
 farmer 
 
 Harmon, Lewis 
 
 ti 
 
 Harmon, Felix 
 
 ti 
 
 Harris, E. 
 
 merchant 
 
 Harris, John 
 
 farmer 
 
 Heard, Jomes 
 
 farmer 
 
 Harmon, James 
 
 ii 
 
 Heard, Joseph 
 
 ti 
 
 Heard, William 
 
 if 
 
 -68- 
 (Note: Since this history was written in * ., this directo- 
 ry would be the people living in the county then.) 
 
Hill, Stephen farmer 
 Hock, Henry- 
 Hunt, James 
 Hunt, Henry 
 Hughes, Henry 
 Hughes, John 
 Hughes, James 
 
 Jones, Armstead, Sr. 
 Jones, Armstead, Jr. 
 
 farmer 
 it 
 
 Kavanaugh, Davis 
 
 Kane, John 
 
 Kamynski, Otto physician 
 
 Kavanaugh, John far met 
 
 Karstetter, Samuel » 
 
 Karstetter, Martin « 
 
 Karstetter, William « 
 
 LaChapelle, Lev/is farmer 
 
 LaChapelle, John " 
 
 Labrier, Antoine 
 
 Labrier, Peter 
 
 Leavitt, Abijah 
 
 Leavitt, John 
 
 Leavitt, Fdward 
 
 Ledbetter, John 
 
 Ledbetter, Martin 
 
 Lehnherr, Jacob 
 
 Leniing, Harvey 
 
 Leming, William 
 
 Link, John 
 
 Lilly, John J. 
 
 Linch, Isaac « 
 
 Lortz, Henry M. , blacksmith 
 
 Mac key, James, 
 
 farmer 
 
 Mac key, William 
 
 it 
 
 Mackey, George 
 
 f? 
 
 Mann, Jonathan B. 
 
 11 
 
 Mann, W. H. 
 
 » 
 
 Mann, Alfred 
 
 ii 
 
 Mann, John 
 
 ti 
 
 Maxwell, Robert A. 
 
 « 
 
 Maxwell, William 
 
 ii 
 
 Maxwell, John 
 
 ti 
 
 Maxwell, Ferdinand, raer- 
 
 
 chant 
 
 Menard, Edmund, 
 
 farmer 
 
 Milligan, William 
 
 A. » 
 
 Milligan, James 
 
 ri 
 
 Milligan, Thomas 
 
 ii 
 
 Morrison, H. H. 
 
 « 
 
 Murphy, William farmer 
 Murphy, Owen farmer 
 Mulholland, William " 
 Meyers, Christian « 
 Morrison, George « 
 McDonough, Thomas J. « 
 Morrison, Rev. A. A. » 
 Morrison, Hugh 
 
 Nif ong , John 
 Nifong, H. 
 Nixon, William J. 
 Nixon, James 
 Nixon, William 
 
 Oatt, John 
 Owens, Anthony, 
 Owens, George £• 
 Owens, Timothy 
 
 Pearman, James 
 Pearman, Jesse 
 Pariset, P. 
 Porter, Joseph 
 Porter, H. 
 Prew, Francis 
 
 teacher 
 
 farmer 
 ti 
 
 ii - 
 ii 
 tt 
 
 farmer 
 ti 
 ti 
 ii 
 
 Reily, Daniel, miller & mer- 
 chant 
 Raleigh, William farmer 
 Roam, John 
 Ruckenberg , Henry 
 Rocke, John, 
 Rocke, Thomas 
 Ruckle, John 
 Roberts, Hiram 
 Roberts, Jacob 
 Roberts, perry 
 Roberts, Wiley 
 Roberts, Volney 
 Roberts, Daniel P. lawyer 
 Runck, Frederick E. farmer 
 Runck, Fred 
 
 •69- 
 
 Seymour, Edward 
 Seymour, George 
 Seymour, Henry 
 Scharppell, John S» 
 Scharppell, John 
 Sinker, Henry 
 Smith, William 
 Smith, Stephen 
 
 farmer 
 
 ii 
 
 "">" " ■ ■■ ■■ ■ ' ■" 
 
 ^ mUMW' I f i' mWMi l 
 
Snow* William E. farmer 
 Spindle, John D* n 
 
 Styles, David " 
 Stype, Henry, Justice of 
 
 the Peace 
 Staley, George W. -Merchant 
 Sulser, R. M. farmer 
 Syke3, Aaron B. " 
 Stanley, Joseph laborer 
 
 farmer 
 ti 
 it 
 it 
 ii 
 ii 
 
 farmer 
 u 
 
 Uhls, Alonzo 
 Unger, Eli 
 Unger, Philip, merchant & 
 postmaster 
 
 Verlin, Joseph farmer 
 Vansan, Samuel » 
 Vansam, William " 
 
 Welch. John, 
 Weigel, Peter 
 Wundt, W. H. 
 Williamson, Bird 
 V;clr, James W. 
 Weir, William J. 
 Wiswell, Andrew 
 Wis sal, Conrad 
 Wood, A. C. 
 walster, Nicholas 
 Wright, Isaac, jr. farmer 
 Wheeler, James M. « 
 
 Young, Andrew 
 Young, Stephen 
 
 farmer 
 ti 
 
 CHESTER 
 
 In the early part of the year 1619, a company was 
 organized in Cincinnati, Ohio, composed of the late Major 
 William Oliver, W. Bart, David Brora, Daniel D. Smith and 
 others, for the purpose of purchasing the lands at the Junc- 
 tion of the Mississippi and Kaskaskia rivers. Daniel D. 
 Smith (afterwards killed by Winchester, at Fdwardsville,) 
 came to Illinois as the agent of the conpany and purchased 
 a large tract of land near the mouth of the Kaskaskia, and 
 commenced what he intended should be th-3 future metropolis 
 of Illinois, and named it Portland. The year following, the 
 late Benjamin A. Porter (afterwards the founder of Helena, 
 Arkansas,) came out and erected a number of dwellings under 
 a contract with the proprietors, and also built a steam 
 mill. But towns in those days were not needed, and despite 
 the prodigious efforts of the proprietors, this town obsti- 
 nately refused to grow. Ten years afterwards it had be- 
 come a ruin, and now only the faint vestige of the mill may 
 be seen. 
 
 In 1829 Samuel Smith, James L. Lamb and Thomas Mather 
 purchased the land on which Chester now stands, from the 
 late Judge John McFerren who had entered it in the year 1818. 
 In the summer of 1829 Mr. Smith built the first house in 
 Chester, the s&me that is now occupied by R. H. Mann as a 
 residence. In the same year Mr. Smith commenced the erec-* 
 tion of a mill on what was then known as the "screw Auger" 
 principle. This, however, was abandoned before c ompletion. 
 
 In the fall of 1829, Mather, Lamb & Co., (then mer- 
 chants of Kaskaskia,) built a slaughter house for the pur- 
 pose of slaughtering and packing the beef of the county, 
 
 -70- 
 
which was then plenty, and of good quality, In the same 
 year Mr. S. B. Opdyke, representing the house of Mather, 
 Lamb & Co., built a storehouse and opened a stock of goods. 
 A large warehouse was erected at the same time. 
 
 In the spring of 1831, Samuel Smith laid off that 
 part of his land below Wall street into town lots, and 
 Mather, Lamb & Co., laid off a few lots above v/all street. 
 The idea of building a town having become fixed, Mrs. 
 Jane Smith gave it the name of Chester — she was a native 
 of Chester, England. At this time the population consisted 
 of Samuel Smith, Seth Allen, R. B. Servant, with their 
 families, and S. B. Opdyke, Elias Reeder and Samuel Perry. 
 The late, lamented Seth Allen, had established a cooper 
 shop in 1029, which he conducted for a number of years, 
 manufacturing barrels for packing beef, and for castor oil. 
 R. B. Servant established a mill for the manufacture of 
 castor oil, in the fall of 1830, which for several years 
 was the institution of the place, and gave to the young 
 town a considerable commercial importance. In 1831 Silas 
 Leland established a blacksmith shop. The first brick house 
 in this place v/as erected by Amizi Andrews, in 1832. This 
 house was knocked down in 1844 by a steamboat. The same 
 year, Horace Francis erected the stone building which he 
 now occupies. At this time the forest trees were growing 
 around where the mill, Swanwick's Row and Holmes » resi- 
 dence now stand. The storehouse nov; occupied by D. Block 
 & Bro. was built by Holmes U Swanwick in 1833, in which 
 they opened the second stock of goods ever brought to this 
 town. 
 
 About this time, the venerable father Mathews, then in 
 manhood f s vigor, commenced holding religious service, and 
 gave an origin to the Presbyterian church of Chester. 
 
 The first physician of Chester v;as Dr. Barbee, who 
 located in 1834, but died shortly afterwards. Dr. Ferris, 
 who was a prominent physician of Chester for several years, 
 came in 1835. In the same ye.'.r Walker & Wilkerson opened 
 a large grocery store. The Messrs. Cole built a mill in 
 the lower part of town, in 1837. It was both a saw and 
 grist mill. At the same tijjic a ferry boat, driven by 
 horse power, took t he place of the flat boat which had be- 
 come inadequate to the business. These horse boats gave 
 place to steam ferry boats about 1849. In 1836 a frame 
 school house (the house now used as the African church,) 
 was built and used a3 a union church and Sunday sc hool 
 room. The Messrs. Cole made improvements in their mill in 
 1839, and commenced exporting flcr to the southern markets. 
 
 In 1840, the name of the Presbyterian church was 
 changed from the Kaskaskia to the Chester Presbyterian 
 church, and Rev. C. C. Riggs became the permanent pastor. 
 He was succeeded by Rev. B. F. Spillman, late of Shawnee- 
 town. In 1846, the stone church was commenced, and completed 
 the year following. The late Rev. John Kennedy assumed the 
 pastoral charge of the church in the early part of 1850, and 
 
 -71- 
 
continued until relieved by death, in the summer of 1851, 
 Rev, P. D. Young succeeded to the charge of the congrega- 
 tion in the latter part of 1852, and remained until 1056. 
 Rev. B. H. Charles took charge of the church in the latter 
 part of 1857, and he i3 now the officiating pastor. 
 
 A Baptist church was organized under the ministerial 
 
 labors of R ev. Peters, of Waterloo, as early as 
 
 1842, end probably some years before. Capt. Rogers, a de- 
 voted Christian, was an active, zealous member" of this 
 
 church; and contributed much to its propserity. Rev._ 
 
 Jenkins became pastor of the church in 1845, and continued 
 to labor for the congregation nearly three years. After his 
 retirement the church v/as left without a pastor, and during 
 a two years absence of Capt. Rogers, about 1849-50, the 
 organization was abandoned. On the return of Capt. Rogers, 
 in 1851, he collected the members together, and effected a 
 new organization. Rev. IT. L. Phillips occasionally preached 
 for the congregation. In 1853, the large brick church was 
 erected, and Rev. J. B. Kelly installed as pastor. In the 
 latter part of 1854, Rev. 0. L.Barler succeeded Mr. Kelly, 
 and he is now the officiating minister. 
 
 In the year 1840, Rev. H. Hatton, a Methodist minister, 
 collected six communicants of that denomination, and orga- 
 nized the Methodist Church of Chester. It was placed under 
 the southern Illinois conference, and regularly supplied 
 with a preacher. A German Methodist church was organized 
 in 1848. The two congregations united their efforts and 
 erected a brick church in 1850. 
 
 The Associate Reformed Church of Chester wes organized 
 by Rev. James McAuley in the year 1843. The congregation 
 depended upon the Synod for supplies in preaching until 
 1858, when Rev. V. A. Pollock v/as duly ordained pastor of 
 the church. Under his efforts a church edifice is in course 
 of erection which will be an ornament to the place. 
 
 In 1844, Rev. William Mitchell, a clergyman of the 
 Episcopal church, came to Chester, and commenced his labors 
 with the few members of that denomination living in and near 
 the town. Shortly afterwards, the church was organized. The 
 unceasing, quiet labors of Dr. Mitchell soon gathered 
 strength to the little congregation, and in 1848 the fine 
 church edifice in which the congregation now worship was com- 
 menced. Four years afterwards it was completed and opened 
 for public service. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Butterman organized the First Lutheran church 
 of Chester, in the early part of 1849. The following fall, 
 Rev. M. Eirich succeeded Mr. Butterman, and commenced at 
 once the erection of their beautiful church building, which 
 was completed in a few months. Under the constant labors 
 of Mr. Eirich, the church has gradually increased its member- 
 ship. 
 
 In 1849 Father Peren, of Kaskaskia, (died Oct. 4, 1859) 
 
came to Chester , and, collecting the members of the Catholic 
 Church, first commenced spying mess. He occasionally visit- 
 ed the congregation, and performed the rites of the church. 
 The church building was erected in 1852. Father Pcren con- 
 tinued his v-sits imtil a few months a^o,when Father Repies 
 took charge cf the church. 
 
 Messrs. Holmes & Swanwick commenced the erection of 
 the stone flouring mill in 1842, and completed it in 1846. 
 This gave a fresh impetus to the prosperity of the place, 
 and its bounds began to expand. In 1848, Chester became 
 the county seat of Randolph County, and the large Court 
 House, (an engraving of which may be seen on the front page) 
 was erected. From that time the improvement of the place 
 has been steady. 
 
 At the session of the General Assembly, in 1855, a 
 city charter was granted to Chester, v/hich v/as adopted and 
 went into operation a few months afterwards. At the first, 
 charter election the following City Council was elected: 
 
 Joseph Williamson, Mayor 
 
 Aldermen — R. H. C rittenden and G. S. Jones, First Ward 
 « I. H. Nelson and Henry Stump, second Ward 
 w Frederick Buckman and Alfred whitaker, Third ward 
 
 1857 — At the next annual election the Board consisted of: 
 
 Frederick Buckman, Mayor 
 
 Aldermen — R. H. Crittenden and A. S. Palmer, First Ward 
 " I. H. Nelson, and Henry Stump, second Ward 
 " Alfred Whitaker and J. G. Middendorf , Third Ward 
 
 1858— Third Board: 
 
 Seth Allen, Mayor 
 
 Aldermen— A. Block and A. S. Palmer, First Ward 
 
 I. H. Nelson and Henry Stump, Second ward 
 F. Buckman and J. G. Middendorf, Third Ward 
 
 1859— Fourth Board: 
 
 Gabriel Jones, Kayor 
 
 Aldermen— A, Block and A. Dunn, First Ward 
 
 I. H. Nelson and Henry Stump, second ward 
 F. Buckman and J. G. Middendorf, Third ward 
 
 The erection by the city of a large public school house 
 in 1858, closes the leading events of her history. This 
 building is an ornament to the place, and will be a lasting 
 monument to the intelligent spirit of her citizens. 
 
 -73- 
 
■■ ' ' ■ - . ■ ■ ■■ - .... 
 
 
 
 MENARD 
 
 Menard is a part of Chester, though It lies outside of 
 the city limits. It is the seat of H. C. Cole & Co is ex- 
 tensive corawr.rc.ta3 operations, which gives it a local char- 
 acter and smitV;S it to a name. It will probably be brought 
 into the chaste.' limits of Chester before long, and consti- 
 tute the Fourth Ward. 
 
 CHESTER DIRECTORY (1859 E.P.L.) 
 
 Andrews, Amzi, druggist 
 Adams, Robert, cooper 
 Allmyer, John H. , merchant 
 Allmyer Frederick, stone mason 
 Allen, Thomas G., lawyer 
 Anderson, Charles C, merchant 
 Anderson, A. A. keeps Chester Hotel 
 Assman, V/illiam, physician 
 Andrews, Truman, Rev. farmer 
 
 Baumann, JohnF., cigar maker 
 Barler, 0. L. Rev. teacher 
 Bewie, Carl, Shoemaker 
 Beare, Joseph, merchant 
 Beare, Nicholas, lumber merchant 
 Block, Charles, grocer 
 Block, David, " 
 Block, Adolph, commission mer- 
 chant 
 Bommelman, F. shoemaker 
 Burns, V/illiam, grocer 
 Bungie, William " 
 Brown, Andrew^* teamster 
 Brown, A. F., laborer 
 Buckman, Frederick, merchant 
 Burbes, Peter, stone mason 
 
 Cole, H. C. merchant 
 
 Cole, A. 8. » 
 
 Crissey, Morris, salesman 
 
 Cole, John P. " 
 
 Christian, James M. stone mason 
 
 Clement, JUdson, plasterer 
 
 Crittenden, Richard H., clerk 
 
 in mill 
 Chapman, A. B., carpenter 
 Clieman, William, grocer 
 Crain, Nelson R., wagon maker 
 Callaway, Thomas H. , constable 
 Charles, B. H. Rev. 
 Childs, C. J., Dr. 
 Clemens, Curtis C, proprietor 
 
 of "Democrat" 
 Crisler, John W. , clerk 
 
 Decker, Harmon, teamster 
 
 Detmore, Lewis, stone 
 mason 
 
 Dillon, Martin, stone 
 cutter 
 
 Dunn, Alexander, merctoit 
 
 Dunn, Frank, clerk 
 
 Douglas j Thomas Resales- 
 man 
 
 Elliott, Ed., engineer 
 Edwardc, John L. drug- 
 gist 
 
 Finne, William, farmer 
 Francis, Horace, street 
 commissioner 
 
 Gindraw, Peter, cabinet- 
 maker 
 
 Gahrs, Henry, cabinet 
 maker 
 
 Oansman, Frank, black- 
 smith 
 
 Glister, Henry, flour 
 packer 
 
 Griswold, George R. , 
 farmer 
 
 Gray, Ftnerson. cooper 
 
 Griss, Frederick, porter 
 at Coles' mill 
 
 Gordon, W. A. physician 
 
 Gnaigy, Jacob, grocer 
 
 Hall, E. J. Druggist 
 Hartenberger, Jacob, 
 
 wagon maker 
 Hartenberger, Peter 
 
 teamster 
 Haskin, C.J , keeps 
 
 T 4 ...TV*.,. n *-rkl< 
 
Haskin, Charles I., commis- 
 sion merchant 
 
 Holmes, J. B., dealer in real 
 estate 
 
 Holbrook, J. C, lawyer 
 
 Hoff, Nicholas 
 
 Horn, Casper, liOtel keeper 
 
 Hobbs, Tnomas, butcher 
 
 Harmer, Geo, W. , clerk of 
 wharf boat 
 
 Hobls, James, butcher 
 
 Naler, Isaac, laborer 
 Nelson, Isaac H. , clerk of 
 
 county court 
 Neville, Harvey, Sr.. lawyer 
 Neville, Harvey, Jr. 'engi- 
 neer 
 Nisbet, Hugh B. , proprietor 
 
 of "Democrat" 
 
 Ochs, Adam, cooper 
 
 Jones, James, H. , merchant 
 Jones, G. S. " 
 Jones, Gabriel, mayor and 
 justice of peace 
 Jourdan, Jar;?d B., saddler 
 
 Kipp, John Henry, salesman 
 Knapp, J, J., carpenter 
 Kerr, David, druggist 
 
 Lannaman, Harmon, clerk 
 Lakeman, William R., gardener 
 Layne, Elisha, carpenter 
 Leittleton, John A., engineer 
 Lish, A. P. brewer 
 Lybarger, D. S., blacksmith 
 Loughran, Hugh, merchant 
 Loughran, Charles " 
 Lieper, A. H. , physician 
 
 Mattingly, J. B., steamboat 
 
 coptain 
 Mann, Robert, wagon maker 
 Mann, Robert H. , salesman 
 Middendorf, John G., merchant 
 Morey, A., lumber merchant 
 Morrison, Thomas S., lawyer 
 Montague, C, plasterer 
 Montague, E. J, publisher of 
 
 Directory 
 McCullun, Uriah, cooper 
 Mc Qui stan, John C . , inn- 
 keeper 
 McNabny, John, deputy post 
 
 master 
 Mann, John H. teacher 
 McBrine, William, keeps hotel 
 
 -75- 
 
 Palmer, A. S. , iurniture mer 
 
 chant 
 Paulus, John, orickmaker 
 Phillip, E' grocer 
 Phillip, A. " 
 Pollock, Vi. A. Rev. 
 
 Ralls, J. II., clerk of cir- 
 cuit court 
 Rader, Henry, cooper 
 Robbe, fredcrick, laborer 
 Rehfeldt, William, miller 
 Roberts, William, saddler 
 Robison, J^mes W. , capt. of 
 
 "Wild Duck" 
 Ritter, Valentine, grocer 
 Reno, John w., cooper 
 Runger Henry, stone mason 
 
 Sonnamann, Harman, plasterer 
 Sauppe, Henry, Dr. 
 Schuchert, J. F. merchant 
 Schuchert, William, sales- 
 man 
 Schuchert, J.F.M, blacksmith 
 Schrader, Charles, cooper 
 Shane, Phillip, brickmaker 
 Servant, R.B., justice of 
 
 peace 
 Shrader, E. , laborer 
 Sherman, J.G. , carpenter 
 Shardong, Charles » 
 Shutz, Henry, clothier 
 Smith, Davis, butcher 
 Smith, Thomas, baker 
 Sonnanberg, Henry, miller 
 Speckman, Henry, gardener 
 Stump, David, stone mason 
 Stump, Henry, carpenter 
 Stolle, H. R. grocer 
 
iniM mifimn MiiiiiiiifiiiKffniifiiiiinTiinn *.».,.„,. 
 
 ii ■iirffcmtiiii.iMiniiwiii ii urn 
 
 Biir-M'MiiililiM 
 
 Swanwick, John 
 Swanwick, Francis 
 
 Tackenbery, Henry, tailor 
 Trefte, Frederick, wagon 
 
 maker 
 Threldkell, w. H. , keeps 
 
 boarding house 
 Toppe, David, carpenter 
 
 Walker, F., grocer 
 Widen, W. s. 
 
 Warren, Stanford, carpen- 
 ter 
 Warren, Alfred, teamster 
 Warren, John K. Carpenter 
 
 Wassell, Charles, merchant 
 
 tailor 
 Wegner, August, cabinet maker 
 Weibuck, C ., mason 
 Wheerly, Raymond, jeweler 
 Whi taker, Alfred, furniture 
 
 merchant 
 Wilbern, James, wagonmaker 
 Wester, Frederick, jailor 
 Wegner, Christian, carpenter 
 Williamson, Joseph, tinner 
 
 f-nd stove merchant 
 Williamson, c-C. keeps ^err^ 
 Williamson, IVanci': M., tinner 
 Williams, j, 
 
 * ■* * # * # # 
 
 TOWNSHIP 7 SOUTH, RANGE 7 WEST— CHESTER (1859) 
 
 Arpin, Michael, laborer 
 Abbey, William, farmer 
 
 Barnes, Thomas, farmer 
 Burch, J. G. " 
 Boga, Frederick » 
 Benvenn, Lewis, cooper 
 Bair, Jacob M., Sr,, farmer 
 Bair, Jacob M., Jr. " 
 Bair, David, teamster 
 Bartles, C, farmer 
 Brown, A. F. » 
 Burk, William, farmer 
 Browder, William M. , farmer 
 
 Clampick, John farmer 
 Clore, Harrison " 
 
 Johnson, Robert, farmer 
 Janna, Andrew « 
 Janna, Michael « 
 
 Kipp, F. W. n 
 
 Kriege, H. " 
 
 Lahmann, August 
 
 Marlin, William, C. farmer 
 
 Miller, William, » 
 
 Mitchell, Rev, W. « 
 
 Montreal, Joseph. laborer 
 
 Montreal, Michael, Sr. f^r^r 
 
 Montreal, JUchael, jr. farmer 
 
 Montreal, John farji^- 
 
 Menard, Lewis i'arinor 
 
 Farley, David, farmer 
 
 Gross, Ferdinand, farmer 
 Gindran, Francis C. " 
 Gindran, Peter »» 
 
 Hess, Antoine 
 Hanna, J. c., Jr. 
 Harden, Joseph 
 Hirte, Christie 
 Herbert, peter 
 Hoff, Nicholas 
 
 Pettit, Henry N. farmer 
 
 Rockwell, Laurin farmer 
 Rockwell, Ephraim D. 
 Rockwell, Justus 
 Raville, John B. , 
 
 Sanders, Charles L. , 
 Seguin, Antoine 
 
 Tindall, r. w. , teamster 
 Tindall, Nelson, cooper 
 Thompson, William, farmer 
 
Weibuck, Christoff, farmer 
 Webb, Solomon, farmer 
 
 TOWNSHIP 7 SOUTH, RANGE 6 WEST— CHESTER ( 1859 EPQ 
 
 Adam, James, farmer and 
 lumber merchant 
 
 Adam, James P. , farmer and 
 lumber merchant 
 
 Biermann, Frederick, farmer 
 Bisner, Henry, farmer 
 Bilderback, S. P. " 
 Brown, Lemuel M. " 
 Brooks, John « 
 
 Crisler, Abel « 
 Crisler, Thomas J. » 
 Cassell C, " 
 Caney, August " 
 Clare, Abram " 
 Clare, Franklin B. « 
 Cander, Martin » 
 Crittenden, William farmer 
 Crawford, Hugh M. farmer (jus- 
 tice of the peace) 
 Campbell, Elisha, farmer 
 Craige, Robert farmer 
 
 Dixon, Mungo, farmer 
 Dame, Charles R., farmer 
 Demack, Lewis " 
 Douglas, Robert S. » 
 Douglas, Adam « 
 Douglas, Launcey " 
 Douglas, James, farmer & 
 
 miller 
 Douglas, Andrew, farmer 
 Dravies, Henry » 
 Darwin, John G., farmer & 
 
 wood merchant 
 Dean, John, farmer 
 
 Ebers, Henry, farmer 
 Emery, Robert " 
 Esselmann, Bernard, farmer 
 
 Fey, Phillip, farmer 
 Fleetwood, George, farmer 
 Fulford, Thomas, farmer 
 
 Graham, Robert S., farmer & 
 
 carpenter 
 Gilchrist, Archibald, farmer 
 Groh, Frederick, farmer 
 Greenawalt . Henry, farmer 
 Griffith, vtflliam farmer 
 
 Hartenberger, C. , farmer 
 Hays, Joseph C. , brickmaker 
 Hahn, Christian, farmer 
 Hansick, Albert « 
 Harkness, George « 
 Heine, Henry » 
 Hinkback; Girard " 
 Hillerman, Frederick farmer 
 Hill, Thomas « 
 Hindman, Junes H. » 
 Haney, John « 
 Holloman, Ezekiel « 
 Harnbush » 
 
 uohnson, Bartholomew, farmer 
 
 Kettler, Christopher, farmer 
 Kennedy, Eli, farmer 
 Kean, Joseph " 
 Knapp, Philip C. f » 
 Knapp, Jacob « 
 Knope, Lewis » 
 Kazma, Jacob " 
 
 Lively, Fleming, farmpi 
 
 Lively, Reuben 
 
 Laws on, Mason 
 
 Lawson, Andrew K« 
 
 Linder, Lewi3 
 
 Lively, Richard 
 
 Lybarger, Edmund S. farmer 
 
 Mason, James W. , farmer 
 Merchencosky, Peter" 
 Miller, Matthew » 
 Myers, Peter, blacksmith 
 Moore, William, farmer 
 
 Noach, Simon, farmer 
 
 Oldenslaker, Peter, farmer 
 
 77- 
 
— 
 
 Pettit, Thomaa, farmer 
 Peck, Jacob, Sr. If 
 Pinker ton, David J. " 
 Peck, Jacob, Jr. « 
 Proctor, Thomas » 
 
 Ray, waiter, 
 Rushka, M. 
 Riggs, D&vid 
 
 Kiggs, Dfcvia 
 Robison, Joseph, Sr." 
 Robison, Joseph, Jr." 
 Rust, George S., keeps 
 
 hotel 
 Rust, Isaac, farmer and 
 wagon maker 
 
 Runger, Frederick, farmer 
 
 Shutz, Charles 
 Shutz, Benjamin 
 Schrader, Frederick 
 Schrader, Julius 
 Smith, John S. 
 Smith, Francis 
 Sullivan Lessenbee 
 Schzirkosky, C. L. 
 
 Tagder. John farmer 
 Tindall, Reuben, jr. farmer 
 Telfer, Charles M. " 
 Turner, Wilson " 
 
 Vanover, Samuel 
 
 Welge, Conrad 
 Whitson, H. C . 
 Williamson, cird 
 Wilcox. William 
 Wilagala, Martin 
 Wood, Enock 
 Wood, John M. 
 Woolshack, Joseph 
 Woolshack, Voluntine 
 
 Young, John fanner and tailor 
 Young, Richer! M. , nurseryman 
 
 Young, James, "Farmer 
 Yarres, Damon, farmer 
 
 * # # # # # 
 
 -78- 
 
SPARTA 
 
 The ground on which the City of Sparta now stands was 
 originally purchased and owned by John Armour, an emigrant 
 from Pennsylvania , who located upon it in the ye; r 18^6. 
 He erected a small log house, and made a farm upon the 
 ground. Anticipating the wants of the growing settlements 
 around him, and being a man of enterprise, he erected and 
 put in operation a tread-mill, which stood near the spot 
 now occupied by the Mansion House. The erection of this 
 mill was the "circumstance" to which the ci~y owes its ex- 
 istence. Robert G» Shannon, (v/ho v/as then keeping a store 
 one mile south of the embryo town,* seeing that nearer the 
 mill would be a better locality for selling goodL. pur- 
 chased a small quantity of Mr. Armour's land, and erected 
 a small store house near the locality where now stands the 
 large brick building known as "Shannon »c Old store House." 
 Here he commenced that successful business career which so 
 distinguished him through a long life, and which has left 
 an enduring name in the annals of Sparta. 
 
 V/ith a mill and a store as a basis for a town, the 
 enterprising proprietor had his land surveyed into town lots, 
 and proceeded to dispose of them at public auction. The 
 first lot sold was purchased by Samuel Hill for the sum of 
 four dollars. This sale took place in the year 1829, from 
 which period the place nuy date its existence, as it com- 
 menced to improve and assume the character of a village 
 from that time. 
 
 During the same year, James McClurken, whose name was 
 intimately connected with the progress of the place for 
 thirty years, built a house on the hill southeast of the 
 town. In the same year, Lawson Murphy, another of the promi- 
 nent citizens of the place, established a brickyard, and 
 commenced making brick. About the same time, Cornhill Eal- 
 lard built a shop, and commenced blacksmithing. Alexander 
 Campbell established a carpenter shop, several dwellings 
 were erected in the same year. In the spring of 1830, Dr. 
 Pyles, then a young man, came to the town and openeda' 
 school. The year following, James A. Poster settled in the 
 town and has been a citizen ever since. Dr. Joseph Farnon, 
 who has been the leading physician of the town and vicinity 
 for many years, located in 1830. In 1833, William H. McDill 
 opened a hotel. In 1834, John A. Wilson, John Little, John 
 Gray, Thomas Gaston, and John W. Slade became citizens of 
 the town, and gave it quite an impetus for improvement. 
 Slade & McClurken established a store — the second in the 
 place. 
 
 The prospects of the town induced a steady increase of 
 population and business importance, sufficient progress had 
 been made to establish the certainty of building a town, and 
 the beautiful location and the rich farming lands around, 
 which have since been reduced to a high state of cultivation, 
 increased the inducements for persons to locate. In 1836, 
 
 -79- 
 
the town received a valuable acquisition in the person of 
 William Rosborough, who established the well known and ex- 
 tensive mercantile house of which he is the senior partner. 
 He opened his store first in the neighborhood four miles 
 from Sparta, but seeing the advantages of the location and 
 prospects of the place, he moved into town. 
 
 In 1837, the town was incorporated, and received the 
 name of Columbus. The first Board of Town Trustees consisted 
 of Dr. Joseph Farnon, Lawson Murphy, John A. Wilson, James 
 A. Foster, and John VV. Slade. A code of ordinances was en- 
 acted, and the town government put in successful operation. 
 The first business transacted by the Board was imposing a 
 five" of one dollar upon Robert G. Shannon for the offense 
 of leaving his wagon in the street during the r.:.gnt. 
 
 The brick School House, known in later years as "Sparta 
 Seminary", was built in 1038, and though somewhat antiquated 
 in appearance now, it was then a magnificent structure, far 
 in advance of the times. It gave to Sparta her reputation 
 for schools, which she has always sustained with high credit 
 to herself, and advantage to the youth. 
 
 In 1839, a steam grist and saw mill was erected by 
 James McClurken. This gave an additional importance to the 
 commercial interests of the place, and new improvements im- 
 mediately followed. Mr. McClurken had previously put in op- 
 eration a cotton gin, which stood south of the town. 
 Cotton was raised and shipped in considerable quantities from 
 county thirty years ago. 
 
 In tho same year — 1839 — the "Columbus Herald" was es- 
 tablished by James Morrow. He conducted the paper nearly a 
 year, and sold it to John F. Detrich. It was during the year 
 1839 that the name of the town was changed from Columbus to 
 Sparta, and Mr. Detrich changed the name of his paper to 
 "Sparta Democrat". 
 
 The first oil mill for the manufacture of c aster jjl! 
 was put in operation by James McClurken, in 1840. The manu- 
 facture of castor oil, and the buying of castor bean:;, 
 formed an important item in the commerce of Sparta for many 
 years. Oil mills were afterwards erected by R. G. Shannon 
 and William Rosborough, and the farmers in the vicinity found 
 a ready market at these mills for their castor beans, of which 
 great quantities were raised. 
 
 In 1843, the members of the Associate Reformed Church 
 commenced the erection of their spacious brick building, 
 which wa3 completed three years later. The congregation had 
 been organized somo years before, and the Rov. William M. 
 Graham was tho preacher. He was succeeded, in 1047, by Rov. 
 David McDlll, a distinguished minister of that denomination. 
 Rev. John F. Stuart succeeded Dr. McDill two years ago, and 
 is now the pastor of the church. 
 
 In 1842 ,a Methodist Society was organized by Rev. M. 
 
Martree. A church building wa3 erected in 1848, and the 
 pulpit has been supplied by the various ministers appointed 
 by the Methodist Conference. 
 
 A Baptist Church was organized by Rev. H. S. Deppe, 
 in 1854. A church building was erected the following year. 
 Rev. J. B. Campbell is the regular minister. 
 
 One of the most important additions to the business of 
 Sparta, was the erection, in 1850, of a Woolen Factory, by 
 the Messrs. McClurken. It was constructed at a heavy expense 
 and has been in successful operation ever ;jnce. The pres- 
 ent proprietor, Mr. Thomas McClurken, has f»*de additions 
 to its manufacturing capacity during this Sanson, and now 
 the wool growers of this and adjoining couitujcj Lave a reedy 
 market for their wool. 
 
 Since 1853, two large merchant mills iv-vt ocen erected, 
 each one v/ith a capacity of producing two hundred and fifty 
 barrels of flour per day. The construction of these mills 
 was the work of joint stock associations, and the enterprises 
 have given a fresh impetus to the raising of wheat, which is 
 now produced as a staple crop. 
 
 At the last session of the General Assembly, sparta ob- 
 tained a City Charter, which went into operation a few 
 months ago. At the Charter Election, the following city 
 officers were elected: 
 
 JOHN A. WILSON, Mayor 
 
 Aldermen: 
 
 First Ward — Robert Gammell and John Watson 
 
 Second Ward — Matthew McClurken and Hugh Kirkpatrick 
 
 Third Ward — J. F . McCandless and John W. Mccormack 
 
 Fourth Ward — Robert J. Harmer and Samuel Niel 
 
 Street Commissioner — James Laughlin 
 
 Treasurer — Joseph McHenry 
 
 Assessor — H. C. McCormack 
 
 A steady increase of all the concomitants of a town 
 has marked the progress of Sparta from its commencement. 
 Situated in the centre of one of the most fertile and eligi- 
 ble farming regions in Illinois, the town was surrounded by 
 a class of industrious, enterprising and practical farmers, 
 who have reduced the soil to a high state of cultivations, 
 which has produced a healthy advancement in every department 
 of commerce. 
 
 The young city now contains ten dry goods stores; three 
 grocery stores; one boot and shoe store and manufactory; 
 three boot and shoe shops; two stove and tinware stores; three 
 tailor shops; one jewelry store; three millinary shops; two 
 confectionery stores; one bakery; two furniture stores; two 
 saddlery and harness shops; two wagon, one plow, and four 
 blacksmith shops; one steam barrel manufactory; two flouring 
 
 -81- 
 
 l» ,, I.I J . W I ^ | l. 1 II I II J IIi p > | l W I J | J^^ . tW , M I ,l,l . ..M l .. ,.,.■■ ,. . 1, .,,., „«„ „ | „ . , „, . „ , .„ , ,. , „ „ „>. ,, , , ,, . .. IHBI .. -.. I ..HWW. 
 
mills; one sew mill; one woolen factory; three hotels; 
 three churches; three school houses; one academy; two 
 literary sooieties; one library; five physicians; three 
 lawyers; four resident ministers. 
 
 SPJRTi 2I2I£I0RY 
 
 Allen, Aaron M., merchant 
 Abernathy, Thomas, carpenter 
 Aitkin, James, Carpenter 
 Anderson, Francis B., lawyer 
 Anderson, Noble, farmer 
 Anderson, William, shoemaker 
 Ackins, William P., engineer 
 Atkins, John, tinner 
 Allen, Andrew, teamster 
 
 Brown, Lemuel, A. C, stove 
 
 merchant 
 Brown, M. M. , Rev., principal 
 
 of Union Academy 
 Brown, Samuel, tinner 
 Brown, Kinsley, tinner 
 Brown, John Lyman, proprietor 
 
 of "Herald and Press" 
 Brown, Nicholas H., tinner 
 Brown, James C, cacpenter 
 Brown, James £., miller 
 Baird, William M. carpenter 
 Baird, Reuben » 
 Baird, George C. » 
 Baty, Francis H., trader 
 Baily, Reuben, Reeps livery' 
 Baldridge, William 
 Brown, Thomas 
 Beaver, David, furniture 
 
 dealer 
 Brunson, Frederick, shoemaker 
 Ba scorn, Arthur W. Teamster 
 
 Campbell, Louis Hi, painter 
 Clendenin. Henry S., Saddler 
 Cowel, William, cabinet maker 
 Camp, M, canpenter 
 Chapman, Hiram, shoemaker 
 Caldwell, William J., jobber 
 *Chalmbers, William G., saddler 
 (Xruther3, Caleb, blacksmith 
 Caruthers, Finley blackmmith 
 
 (should be Crothers, F.P.L.) 
 Calderwood, Hugh, superintendent 
 of Sparta mill. 
 
 82- 
 
 Detrich, John E., merchant 
 Detrich, Jacob s. furniture 
 
 dealer 
 Dickey, James, laborer 
 Dobbins, John S., blacksmith 
 Dobbins, Andrew, wagonmaker 
 
 Edward Croslcy, spinner in 
 
 factory 
 Fdgar, William, book merchant 
 Edminston, Abner 
 Eekuph 
 
 Farnan, Joseph, physician 
 
 and druggist 
 Farnan, James, physician 
 Fair born, John laborer 
 Foster, Robert L, expressman 
 Ferris, D. S. minister 
 
 Gardner, Henry, trader 
 Gardner, Nicholas, grocer 
 Gardner, Fayette, carpenter 
 Goddard, J. H. 
 
 Goddard, William B. , carpenter 
 Gillebran, Adam laborer 
 Gammill, Robert, miller 
 
 (this probably should be 
 spelled Gemraill) EPL 
 Gerred, Hugh, lumber merchant 
 Gorsuch, Elijah, boot and shoe 
 
 merchant 
 Gorsuch, M. G.> physician and 
 
 druggist 
 Gordon, James, merchant 
 Gray, James, baker 
 Gray, John, tailor 
 Gutherie, Hugh R. , physician 
 
 Gutelius, John F., innkeeper 
 Gray, William 
 Grenslet, E., cooper 
 Gobsan, Robert, stone mason 
 Graham, George, shoemaker 
 
 Harmor, Robert J., clerk of 
 
 union mill 
 Hood, Archibald 
 
Hood, James, merchant 
 
 Hood, Robert, " 
 
 Hood, John 
 
 Hood, William, mason 
 
 Hopkins, Richard R. , physician 
 
 Hudson, John, salesman 
 
 Kirkpatrick, John, miller 
 Kirkpatrick, Hugh, inn keeper 
 Klene, Benjamin, brickmaker 
 
 Long, Zachariah, tinner 
 Lexton, Matthew, teamster 
 Luther, A. A. 
 
 ..juker 
 binet 
 
 Luther, A. A. 
 Lahmann, Bartley, butcher 
 Lafferty, Jesse, groom 
 Laws on,— Mur-phy?— Teamster 
 Lawson,Mary A., confecti 
 Lattimore, Joooph, mason 
 Little, R. B., merchant 
 Lindsay, Samuel, wagon m< 
 Luther # James M.C., cabii 
 
 maker 
 
 Laird, Isaac, cooper 
 Laird, Martin » 
 
 Maxwell/ Je me s, teamster 
 
 Matlock, William L. , plasterer 
 
 Miller, Andrew, Jeweler 
 
 Miller, James W 
 
 Minner, johnW., ambrotypist 
 
 Monroe, William 
 
 Morrow, John B., lawyer 
 
 Murphy, William P., lawyer 
 
 Murphy, David 
 
 Murphy, John Calvin 
 
 Maxwell, Thomas C, farmer 
 
 McMillan, William, H., farmer 
 
 McLain, Thoron, carpenter 
 
 Mclain, Daniel « 
 
 McCutcheon, John M. , express- 
 man 
 
 McCandless, James F. 
 
 McCorraack, John W. , black- 
 smith 
 
 McCormack, Matthew S., 
 merchant 
 
 McCormack, William, inn 
 keeper 
 
 McCormack, Hugh C, merchant 
 
 McClurken, Thomas, factory 
 merchant 
 
 McClurken, Matthew, farmer 
 
 McDonald, Robert 
 
 McDill, Robert 
 
 McDill, Thomas, printer 
 
 -83- 
 
 McHenry, Joseph, merchant 
 McHenry, Robert, M. teacher 
 McHenry, Francis 
 McKay, John L. , tailor 
 McMillan, John R.,teamster 
 McDonald, Marshall » 
 
 Newson, Archibald 
 Newman, August, barber 
 Neill, Samuel, harness 
 
 maker 
 Neill, John, blacksmith 
 Nay lor, Presley 
 
 Orr, Thomas A.K., butcher 
 
 and teomster 
 Orr, Craton, blacksmith 
 Osburn, L. James, painter 
 
 Patteson, Robert F., keeps 
 
 livery 
 Parks, James B»* merchant 
 Perkins, Jeremiah C. , keeps 
 saloon & variety 
 store 
 Perkins, Fphraim, black- 
 smith 
 Perkins, Elias, blacksmith 
 Pawel, James, oculist 
 Pyles, Lucius, carpenter 
 palmer, P. W. , cooper 
 
 Rosborough, William, mer- 
 chant 
 Rosborough, Robert, sales- 
 man 
 Raybron, Francis, black- 
 smith 
 Rea, William, teamster 
 Rigdon, David, keeps livery 
 Roseman, Henry, merchant 
 
 Stevenson, William A., 
 
 wagon maker 
 Storraant, H. C, carpenter 
 Stuart, John F ., minister 
 Spindle, Edward J., laborer 
 Sherlock, Richard, teamster 
 Smith, Henry, tailor 
 Stevenson, William J. , 
 
 merchant 
 Shannon, John R. 
 Shannon, James 
 Shannon, Mooes F. 
 
Skelley, 
 
 Skelley, 
 
 Skelley, 
 
 Shelley, 
 
 Simpson, 
 
 Shiner, 
 
 Saunders 
 
 Sanders, 
 
 Sanger s, 
 
 Alexander 
 
 John laborer 
 
 William 
 James, painter 
 
 George, physician 
 John, teameter 
 , James, carpenter 
 
 Thomas, tinner 
 
 George, wagonmaker 
 
 Taylor, John, justice of 
 
 the peace 
 Taylor James H., merchant 
 Taylor, Hugh C, " 
 Telfard, William. shoemaker 
 Treat, Joseph, laborer 
 Taylor, James, '» 
 
 Watson, John, merchant 
 Wood, Sidney, carpenter 
 Wilson, Samuel 
 Wilson, Samuel, constable 
 
 and city marshal 
 Wilson, John A- , postmaster 
 
 and mayor 
 Wilson, William F. 
 Wise, Daniel, salesman 
 Wolfington, P. laborer 
 Whitim, George, barrel manu- 
 facturer 
 Watson, James, stone mason 
 White, Andrew J,, cooper 
 
 Yontz, John, miller 
 
 TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH. RANOF 6 WFST-- SPARTA 
 
 Baird, Samuel P., farmer 
 
 Baird, P. » 
 
 Beattie » 
 
 Beattie, J. M. » 
 
 Becket, A, G. " 
 
 Blair, John M. » 
 
 Blair, J. H. » 
 
 Blair, D. « 
 
 Blair, William » 
 
 Blair, James " 
 
 Blair, Alexander »». 
 Blackmore, 
 
 Borders, Andrew, farmer 
 
 Boyd, William » 
 
 Boyd, James J, " 
 
 Boyd Robert V. » 
 
 Boyd, Samuel »» 
 
 Boyd, Thomas " 
 
 Boyd, David B. « 
 
 Boyd, James '< 
 
 Brown, Joseph, Jr. « 
 
 Brown, James M. » 
 
 Brown, David « 
 
 Brown, Joseph, Sr. " 
 
 Brown, Henry, B. » 
 
 Brown, Charles E. " 
 
 Chandler, Noel » 
 Chalrabers, Thomas A. farmer 
 Chalmbers, David ti 
 Clendenin, James H. " 
 Couch, John » 
 Cooper, William " 
 Cooper, James A. •• 
 Coulter, John '• 
 Crothers, B. L. , blacksmith 
 
 -84- 
 
 Cunningham, John R. , farmer 
 Cunningham, James W. , " 
 Cunningham, George V., " 
 
 and teacher 
 Cunningham, Robert, farmer 
 
 nial, Isaac, farmer 
 Dillman, John, » 
 Dickey, George » 
 Dawer, John " 
 
 Fellers, John G., " 
 Finley, Francis » 
 Foster, v/illiam w 
 Frazier, v/illiam, Sr., farmer 
 Frazier, William, Jr., » 
 Gs — see page 85 
 Henderhoff, Peter, farmer 
 Hegens, David, W. »■ 
 Hood, John, « 
 Hood, Alexander « 
 Houston, John » 
 
 Kell, John F., farmer 
 Kinny, Alexander, " 
 
 Lemmons, Jacob, farmer 
 Lessley, R. M. »» 
 Lessley, Alexander " 
 Lively, A. P. « 
 Lively, William " 
 Lively, Turner » 
 Lochead, J. M. » 
 Lyle, Thomas » 
 
 Ma lone, James, collier 
 
Mann, John B. , farmer 
 Martin, William, » 
 Mathews, William « 
 Miller, John " 
 Mirott, John, wagonmaker 
 Marrow, William, farmer 
 Harrow, James C. " 
 Morris, Fphraim » f 
 Morris, William, Jr. 
 Morris, Isaac, farmer 
 Murphy, A. B. n 
 McAnullty, James H. , farmer 
 McAtee, John A., farmer 
 McConachie", David » 
 McDonald, David V 
 Mc Do land, James li. " 
 McDonald, Levi » 
 Mc Daniel, James » 
 McDill, N. B. " 
 McDill, Archibald M. , farmer 
 Mc Dill, David A., farmer 
 McGee, James farmer 
 McLaughlin, Matthew, " 
 McNeil, William, Sr. farmer 
 McNeil, William, Jr. " 
 KcIIenry, William " 
 
 Orr, Thomas 
 Orr, John 
 Orr, John P 
 
 farmer 
 faomer 
 
 Parks, John, farmer 
 Parks, James G#, fanmcr 
 Parks, A. W. 
 Parks, Alfred 
 Parks, John II. , 
 Parks, Thomas A. 
 Perkins, George H. , farmer 
 Pressly, Samuel » 
 
 Ritchey, William 
 Robinc.n, Frederick 
 
 Sinclair, Robert 
 Stewart, William 
 
 Temple, David, farmer 
 Temple, John « 
 Temple, William « 
 Town s e nc". , Da v id " 
 Toverea, Arthur T. , farmer 
 
 Weir, Robert, sr., fa 
 Weir, James N. fa 
 Weir, Samuel T. " 
 Weir, William 
 Weir, Samuel 
 Weir, James B. 
 Weir, John 
 Wilson, Henry J. 
 Wilson, William F 
 Wilson, David 
 Wilson, Martin W. 
 
 rmer 
 rmer 
 
 wi.±son, Martin w. 
 Wolford, Frederick 
 wolford, Daniel 
 Wolford, George " 
 Wright, Stephen, sr." 
 Wright, Stephen, *•* " 
 Wylie, Samuel M. 
 wylie, John, Sr. 
 Wylie, Jame<- 
 
 G. 
 
 jr " 
 
 n 
 ii 
 
 Yates, E. , farmer 
 Young, William, farmer 
 
 ^Gross, Anderson, it' 
 Gross, George Sr. 
 Gross, George W. 
 
 TOWNSHIP 4 SOUTH, RANGE 6 WEST—SPARTA 
 
 Anderson, Thomas, farmer 
 Anderson, J. A. P. « 
 Anderson, Archie " 
 Armour, James C. " 
 
 Block, Andrew, 
 Block, N. N. 
 Borders, M .W. 
 Borders, Jas. J,, 
 Borders, Elias K. 
 Boyle, Thompson 
 Boyle, Adam 
 Boyle, James 
 Burnett, Wm. 
 Burns, Joseph 
 
 Campbell, John, farmer 
 Campbell, Thos. 
 Cathcart, v 'm. J.s. 
 Cathcart, Richard 
 Cathcart, R. B. 
 CathCc.rt, C. M. 
 Cathcart, James 
 Cathcart, John 
 Chassclls, A. M« 
 Christy, Jas., 
 Crawford, Wm., 
 r rthbertson, Alex 
 Cuthbertson, Robert » 
 
 -S5- 
 
Danley, Thomas, farmer 
 Dunn, William M. " 
 Dunn, James W. " 
 Dunn, John " 
 
 Edgar, A. J. 
 Edgar, W. M. 
 Edgar, R. M. 
 Edgar, James 
 Edgar, William S. 
 Ev/ing, Samuel 
 Ewing, John 
 
 Fulton, 
 Finley, 
 Finley, 
 Finley, 
 Finley, 
 Fawlds, 
 Fulton, 
 
 James, 
 
 William 
 
 Thomas 
 
 James 
 
 Matthew 
 
 Jame3 
 
 William 
 
 Greer, Hugh, 
 Gregg, Samuel 
 Gray, R. W. 
 Gray, /, F. 
 
 Harwell, J, C. " 
 Hemphill, Matthew « 
 
 Hetherington, George farmer 
 
 Hetherington, James » 
 
 Houston, William " 
 
 Houston, William « 
 
 Johnson, William " 
 
 Keys, Joseph, 
 Kilpatrick, John 
 Kirkwood, Robert 
 Kirkwood, Matthew 
 
 Leslie, Samuel 
 Lackey, William 
 Leslio, M . M. 
 Lindsay, John H. 
 Lindsay, Thomas B. 
 Little, William 
 Little, William C. 
 Light body, R. W. 
 Lynn, Joseph 
 Lynn, William R. 
 lynn, John 
 Lyons, R. w. 
 Lyons, G. 
 
 Marshall, R. W. , physician 
 
 Marshall, J, J # farmer 
 Marshall, Adam, teacher 
 
 06- 
 
 Matthews, Joseph B. , farmer 
 Matthews. James 
 Meek, William 
 Meek, Samuel J. B« 
 Morrison, Robert 
 Murphy, James H. 
 McBride, A. 
 McBride, John 
 Mcclinton, James 
 McClinton, William 
 Mc Hat ton, Armour 
 Mclntyre, John 
 Mc II vain A. 
 McKelvey, s. W. 
 McKelvey, Alex R. 
 McMasters, James 
 McMillan, James H. 
 McMillan, William T. 
 McMurdo, John 
 McMurdo, William 
 
 Patterson, R. L. « 
 
 Rankin, Robert, " 
 
 Red path, R. w 
 
 Re^ oath, jatios H. " 
 Ritchey, jam-rs M. farmer and 
 
 coal xer chant 
 Ritchey, ftoberc J., farmer 
 
 Rieddle, Joseph w 
 
 Rodgers, Samuel J,, « 
 
 Rodgers, A. » 
 
 Rodgers, w. » 
 
 Rutherford, William " 
 
 Rutherford, Robert « 
 
 Schrider, Henry, Rev. 
 
 Short, Thomas « 
 
 Smith, Moore, Jr. « 
 
 Smith, James, C. » 
 
 Smiley, Jame3 » 
 
 Stevenson, Michael Sr. »» 
 
 Temple, Robert 
 Toverea, Bartley 
 Tweede, Hugh 
 Tweede, David 
 Tweede, John 
 
 Walker, James 
 Walker, William 
 Wallace, James 
 Welsh, James 
 White, Francis 
 Wilson, Hugh 
 Wocu, William 
 Wylie, John 
 Wylie, Alex. 
 
 wylie, 
 Yeoman 
 
 Robert 
 , David 
 
 C. 
 
I £ I 2 
 
 Rev. Samuel Vtylie purchased aud located upon the site 
 of Eden, in the year 1822-3. Sometime afterwards, Adam 
 V/ylie and James Ford located in the place. At that time 
 there were but few settlers in the adjacent country, and 
 the idea of making a town probably had not entered into the 
 minds of the proprietors. Rev. Mr. V/ylie had collected to- 
 gether a congregation of his church, and held public ser- 
 vices in a house down near where the grave yard is. As the 
 immigrants came into the county, they were induced to settle 
 around this place, in order to enjoy the privileges of the 
 church. The congregation, therefore, increased as rapidly 
 as the country was settled. About the year 1833, the spa- 
 cious brick church in which Mr. Wylie's congregation still 
 worship was erected. This was the beginning of the town. 
 About the same time the congregation suffered a division, 
 and the seceding portion erected another large church in 
 three years afterwards. Two spacious churches and a few 
 dwellings around them now stood upon the beautiful little 
 mound in the prairie, and suggested to the proprietor, who 
 appreciated the beautiful, the idea of building a town, 
 which should be called Eden. It was then the closest type 
 of Eden of any spot in Illinois • 
 
 In the year 1837, a portion of the Ian/ was surveyed 
 into town lots, and but a short time af:crvVe;ds Eden con- 
 tained a store, oil mill, carding machine^ .'oundry and 
 machine shop, and many other town fixtm cj. ^ts churches and 
 its shops have constituted the chief materials of interest, 
 and given the character of a religious . moral, intelligent 
 and industrious people to its inhabitants. The first wagon 
 shop in Eden was established in 1839, by w. R. Brown, since 
 then several have gone into operation. For many years, the 
 shops of Eden have supplied a large portion of the southern 
 part of Illinois with wagons carriages and plows. 
 
 Rev. Samuel vylie, who is the founder of the place, 
 first came to Kaskaskia in 1817, and was the first man in 
 Illinois to give form and stability to the Reformed Presby- 
 terian Church. For more than forty years he has proclaimed 
 the words of truth and life to the people of his church. He 
 alone of the pioneer ministers who appeared in Illinois 
 previous to 1818 i3 living. He is a distinguished light in 
 the church, and a faithful gospel minister. 
 
 Eden now contains a population of about three hundred; 
 has one dry goods store; four wagon shops; one carriage and 
 plow manufactory; one school house; one literary society, 
 with a large library; a saddlery shop, and some other town 
 appendages. 
 
 a4fr 
 
M PMHSCTfflK 
 Township 5 South, Range S west— Wen 
 
 Adams, 0. K» ; farmer 
 Alexander, Ebenozor, termer 
 Andcruon, John A. H. , ■' 
 Anderson, James B., « 
 Alexander, waiter, nurseryman 
 Armour, A. 
 
 Bergfeldt., W. 
 Bates', Joseph C, 
 
 farmer 
 black- 
 smith 
 farmer 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 merchant 
 farmer 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 
 Banister, Oliver, 
 Banister, Jesse 
 Be&ttie, Juseph 
 Beattie, Robert 
 Bottom, Luke, 
 'Brooks, Robert, 
 Brown, George 
 Brown, Hugh 
 Brown, W. R.. lumber merchant 
 Drown, Lemuel A. C. tinner 
 Burna, Samuel, manufacturer^ 
 Burlingharae, A. H., carrlag 
 
 and wagon manufacturer 
 Beattie, James, farmer 
 Bottom, James, blacksmith 
 
 Callighen, John, me hanic 
 Campbell, James, farmer 
 Campbell, J.B. Rev. painter 
 Tampbell, William, farmer 
 Campbell ,v.George, " 
 Campbell, John " 
 Calvin, John, blacksmith 
 Cruthers(Crothers) F.R. 
 
 ploughmaker 
 Cruras, /.din 
 Curtis, Augustus, farmer 
 
 Dobbins, Theodore A., farmer 
 Dobbs, Richard, •» 
 Dickey, John " 
 
 Dickey, Alexander S. wagon- 
 maker 
 Dickson, Charles 
 Dickey, Alexander, farmer 
 Dickey, n 
 
 Enos, James, 
 
 Flack, J. J. 
 Foster, A. W. 
 Fulton, David 
 Fulton, John 
 
 farmer 
 
 farmer 
 ii 
 
 -88^ 
 
 Galloway, James, farmer 
 Gaston, Samuel « 
 Gaston, James, blacksmith 
 Gault, H. C# 
 Gault, p. B, wagonmaker 
 Gault, C . M . » 
 Gordon, William C. ,Sr. farmer 
 Gordon, William, C. , Jr. » 
 Gordon, A. J. " 
 
 Gordon, John R. » 
 
 Gaston, Robert, wagonmaker 
 
 Harrison, G. W. farmer 
 
 Hall, L. I. " 
 
 Hill, Edmund »' 
 
 Hood, Joseph » 
 
 Hughes, John M. » 
 
 Hyndeman, C. F.« carpenter 
 Holden, R. L. , blacksmith 
 
 KavanauRh, D^vid, wagonmaker 
 Kyle, r. j. 
 
 Lewis, John 
 Lewis, Fdv/.ard 
 Lucaa , A . , farmer 
 Lyle, James, farmer 
 Lewi j, Frank 
 Lewis, Abram 
 
 Mills, Steven 
 
 Maxwell, Thomas C . , farmer 
 
 Maxwell, John 
 
 Miller, Charles R. farmer 
 
 More, John, carpenter 
 
 Michael, J. , farmer 
 
 McCormack, J# , farmer 
 
 McCormack, M. , farmer 
 
 McConechie (McConachie), David 
 
 McCoughcn, John farmer 
 
 Mc Clint on, John, » 
 
 McMillan, w. H. 
 
 McKee, Alexander 
 
 McKee, R. G. 
 
 McKee, William 
 
 McKee, J. 0. 
 
 McConachie, John 
 
 McMillan, Milton 
 
 Nimock, Samuel, cabinet maker 
 
 Nelson, Thomas, florist 
 
 Nisbet, Samuel t. , farmer 
 
 Nisbet, Robert » 
 
Nisbet, Samuel 
 Nisbet, James, 
 
 Parker, Peter 
 Pattan, Joseph 
 Pillers, P. W. 
 
 farmer 
 painter 
 
 farmer 
 t? 
 
 Robbins, Charles, farmer 
 Robison, Richard, " 
 Ros borough, James » 
 Robison, John S. " 
 
 Shrewsberry, Benedict, " 
 Snodgrass, Reuben, 
 Snodgrass, Rilan 
 Snodgrass, Robert 
 Stuart, Alexander 
 Stuart, James 
 Steele, Merit 
 Steele, Martin 
 Steele, Anthony 
 Stevenson, Robert, Sr. mer« 
 
 chant 
 Stevenson, Michael, Jr. 
 
 saddler 
 Stevenson, John, merchant 
 Steele, Albert 
 Stevenson, Robert, Jr. 
 wagon maker 
 Stevenson, Allen, black- 
 smith 
 
 Valentine, James. H« 
 
 Watt, Richard, merchant 
 v/ard, josiah, farmer 
 Wilson, John " 
 Wilson, John, (Irish)" 
 Wilson, James R. " 
 V/ilson, James C. " 
 v/ylie, Samuel Rev. 
 Ward, Ryly, farmer 
 Wilson, Wilson " 
 Wilson, M. W. " 
 Wilson, Joseph « 
 
 Zumbro, George, carpenter 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 P. B. & C. M. Gault, manufacturers of wagons, carriages, 
 Buggies, Sulkies, &C.,&C, Eden, Illinois. This firm has 
 invariably taken the "BLUE RIBBON", at the County Fair, on 
 Buggies, whenever they have exhibited. Orders solicited, 
 and filled on short notice. Our work is warranted. 
 
 * # * #> -it- 
 
 JOHN MICHAN, Attorney and Counselor at Law, Fden, Illinois. 
 
 * « * * * 
 
 Thomas Nelson, Florist, Fden, Illinois, has Dahlias, Roses, 
 Tulips, Hyacinths, Bulbs, Greenhoi.:;e plants, and Shrubbery. 
 Seeds, known to be genuine, caa be obtained from me. 
 
 ***** 
 
 89- 
 
This thriving town is situated upon a gradually rising 
 eminence in Horse Prairie, near the line which divides the 
 counties of Monroo and Randolph, Its history embraces no 
 events of early times to give it the interest of antiquity 
 its origin dating no farther back than the yotr 1044, The 
 first house upon the ground whero the town no stands was 
 erected in that year by Mr. Richmond D. Durfee. The year 
 after he built a storehouse and commenced selling goods. 
 About the seme time Samuel Crozier erected a dwelling, 
 which at that time occupied a position to the south of where 
 the town afterwards stood, but it is now nearly surrounded 
 with houses. 
 
 In the year 1847, William Simmons, who owned a pert of 
 the town site, had his land surveyed into town lots, and pro- 
 ceeded to dispose of them at public auction. The year after, 
 Mr. Durfee had his land surveyed and made another public 
 sale. Such was the encouragement received from these two 
 sales that Samuel Crozier brought his land into market, and 
 found ready and anxious purchasers. About the same time a 
 flouring mill was erected and put in operation a little to 
 the northeast of town, which is doing business yet. 
 
 From this tlrno the town commenced a rapid and success- 
 ful improvement, Tho first brick building was the school 
 house, erected in 1053, since which time bricks have been 
 used almost exclusively for building material. Soon after- 
 wards followed the erection of a largo merchant mill within 
 tho limits of the town, whose capacity for grinding is about 
 two hundred and fifty barrels of flour per day. This gave 
 an additional impetus to the business prosperity of the place 
 and not long afterwards there arose the spacious storehouse 
 of Durfee & Crozier, a row of brick buildings covering a 
 large portion of a block, a large brick brewery, and many 
 other buildings of note and importance. There is now in 
 procees of construction a large hotel, t cost of which 
 will amount to $12,000, and a large storehouse by smith, 
 Allen & Co., v/hich will be an ornament to the town. 
 
 Though the growth of the place has been marked by a 
 rapidity which seldom attends the progress of inland towns, 
 it has not gone in advance of the surrounding country, from 
 which it draws its commercial vitality. As a farming region, 
 Horse Prairie and its margin of undulating timbered land, 
 are unsurpassed in beauty and fertility. 
 
 Tho immense crops of wheat, corn, hay and potatoes, 
 harvested from the farms in this prairie, would put to a se- 
 vere test the credulity of the toiling farmer who gathers hia 
 eight and ten bushels per acre from the stony hill sides of 
 New England. Among the farmers around Red Bud are to be 
 found the most industrious, enterprising and wealthy in the 
 county. In this fact lies the secret of Red Bud«s prosper- 
 ity. Every inland town depends upon the progress and advance- 
 ment of the country around for its own prosperity. The pros- 
 
 -90- 
 
perity. The prosperous state of the surrounding country may, 
 therefore, be inferred from the amount of business done in 
 Red Bud. There are five dry goods stores; six grocery 
 stores; two flouring mills; two lumber yards; six merchant 
 tailors; one drug store; one brewery; one livery stable; 
 five boot and shoe shops; three blacksmith shops; three 
 wagon manufactories; one saddlery and harness shop; four 
 hotels; two brick yards; four carpenter shops; three cabi- 
 net shops; three tin shops; one jewelry store; one ambro- 
 type gallery; one high school supported by the town, inde- 
 pendent of the public revenue, 
 
 RED BUD DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 4 South, Range 8 west — Red Bud 
 
 Albers, J. T.> merchant 
 Allen, J. R., postmaster 
 Allen, Miner, farmer 
 Allen, J. W., notary public 
 Addams, J. R., farmer & Justice 
 of the peace 
 Allrecht, M. - plasterer 
 Altman Adam, butcher 
 
 Beresson Earnst, farmer 
 
 Beresson, V/illiam, » 
 
 Besterbortel, Fred » 
 
 Biffar, George " 
 
 Bartles, C. F. " 
 
 Barker, Minor, carpenter 
 
 Barker, D. M. « 
 
 Biffar, Henry » 
 
 Blu, V. , teamster 
 
 Born, John, blacksmith 
 
 Boge, Henry, laborer 
 
 Bauer, Henry, farmer 
 
 Bada Frederick, « 
 
 Brasse, V/illiam " 
 
 Brasse, Louis, « 
 
 Br ockmin, Henry, laborer 
 
 Bruner, John, cooper 
 
 Bricky, William, lumber raerchart 
 
 Brockmin, J. F., shoemaker 
 
 Bosse, Antony, farmer 
 
 Burgo Louis, » 
 
 Bochoff, G., merchant 
 
 Boergherting, Henry, laborer 
 
 Bush, Fred, teamster 
 
 Bush, John, laborer 
 
 Brasse, Henry, farmer 
 
 Brickey, John, miller 
 
 Brown, E. S. laborer 
 
 Clark, Reuben, farmer 
 Cline, Wm. » 
 
 91- 
 
 Conoly, John, teamster 
 Conoly, Charles " 
 Coleman, Henry, lawyer 
 Crozier, J. L. farmer 
 Cullin, Kil Timor ty, farmer 
 Cardwell, W. J., doctor 
 Crocher, James, principal of 
 
 high school 
 Crouda, Joseph, carpenter 
 
 Donoho, Michael, farmer 
 Deterding, Fred, wagonmaker 
 Deitzel, William, druggist 
 Donouse, John, farmer 
 Deaker, V/illiam, do 
 Durfee, R. D. , merchant 
 Davis, E. R. » 
 Durfee, Aaron, retired 
 Dooly, Michael, laborer 
 
 Fberding, Conrad, farmer 
 Eppers, J. W., barkeeper 
 Eisse, Frederick, cabinet- 
 maker 
 Eberding, Henry, farmer 
 Evans, Emanuel, farmer 
 Elig, Christian, miller 
 Erie, peter, farmer 
 Egerding, Cherles, blacksmith 
 
 Flcnigan, John, farmer 
 Faherty, Mary « 
 Feuerstein, Lecnder, watch- 
 maker 
 Faherty, Edward, farmer 
 Fink, Charle3 " 
 Friel, Hugh, barkeeper 
 Forcade, Fred, teamster 
 
 Gesting, Henry, farmer 
 
Leirty, Nicholas, teameter 
 Lindess, Casper, Blacksmith 
 Gilbert^ Charles H Leifer, Fred., farmer 
 Gore, C .G., constable Leifer, Conrad 
 Glenor, Julia, farmer Lintner, Phillip 
 Guramel, Henry, cabinetmaker Lohman, August 
 Geissaman, Henry, Teamster Lohman, Fred 
 Gettleman, George, farmer Longpin, Henry 
 Green, A. N. , tinner Lipkiman, Fred 
 Gubert, Henry, farmer Leifer, Dederich 
 Gubert, Christ » Liddy, Timothy 
 Griffin, H. B., school teacher 
 
 Gubert, Fred. farmer 
 Gubert, William » 
 Gubert, Charles H 
 Gore, C .G., constable 
 Glenor, JUlia, farm 
 
 Henna, Fred, school teacher 
 Harrison, R. C. " 
 Haak, J. F. , painter 
 Hinesens, August, cabinet 
 
 maker 
 Huth, Charles, laborer 
 Huth, August, » 
 Haite, Joseph, carpenter 
 Heaferain, George, carpen- 
 ter 
 Heuer, William, tailor 
 Heuer, Henry, brick mason 
 Helbick, John « " 
 Heigle, Antony " " 
 Huth, M athia, farmer 
 Henicker, Fred, miller 
 Huber, Peter, farmer 
 Hack, Mine, farmer 
 Hilgamin, William farmer 
 Hormbutt, Fred., « 
 Haake, Frank., stone cutter 
 Heining, William, hotel 
 
 keeper 
 Haynes, 0. K. « » 
 Heirty, Theodore, stone 
 
 cutter 
 Hef, J. C, carpenter 
 
 Jahle, Christian, shoemaker 
 Jahle , Paul , - shoemaker 
 Jahle, Joseph « 
 
 Kuker, Henry, farmer 
 Kuker, Fred » 
 Keefer, Antony, stone mason 
 Koister, Charles, farmer 
 Kline, John, tailor 
 Koch, Henry » 
 Klepper, Henry, caopenter 
 Klepper, William, " 
 Krearaer, Charles, farmer 
 Koch, Deitrich* " 
 Knoka, Charles " 
 
 McCan, Hugh, w 
 McCan, Patrick " 
 Mann, Christian « 
 Mohr, J.C., barkeeper 
 Mohrs, Henry farmer 
 He Bride, Isaac, « 
 McBride, J. T. " 
 McBride, T. J. » 
 Minholhy, Charles, brickmason 
 
 Nagel, C. H., brickmason 
 Nag el, Earnest » 
 Nearger, Fred., " 
 Nelson, Isaac » 
 Nelson, William » 
 
 Owen, Levi, brickmason 
 Owen, C. C. » 
 Outen, William " 
 Outen, " 
 
 Offerding, Daniel, hotel keeper 
 Ortgeison, Gehard, shoemaker 
 Ohlwein, David, farmer 
 Owen, William « 
 Obst, Ferdinand, carpenter 
 
 Parrot, 
 
 Peter 
 
 farmer 
 
 Parrot, 
 
 Louis 
 
 it 
 
 Peach, 
 
 John 
 
 ti 
 
 Peurggroth, Fred 
 
 it 
 
 Pelzer, 
 
 Louis 
 
 ti 
 
 Prowse, 
 
 William 
 
 u 
 
 Poston, 
 
 0. N., M. 
 
 D. 
 
 Ralls, J. & R., farmers 
 Ralls, William, « 
 Ralls, John " 
 Rail, John » 
 Rail, Louis » 
 Rathut, Charles, carpenter 
 Rathut, William plasterer 
 Ronnerberger, F., farmer 
 Rinehardt, Charles, shoemaker 
 
 •92- 
 
■■i in in n 
 
 Ruhnkorf, Conrad, laborer 
 Ruhnkorf, Henry, wagonmaker 
 Ritter, Henry, blacksmith 
 Ruker, Fred, Sr. , carpenter 
 Ruker, Fred, Jr., farmer 
 Resse, Fred., capenter 
 Roscon, James, farmer 
 Ronald, Earns t " 
 Ronald, Conrad » 
 Ronald, Fred » 
 Rollpink, Fred., « 
 Rose, Joseph, carpenter 
 Rosenmier, Fred, « 
 Robbins, Wm. S., teamster 
 Ruppel, Leonard, butcher 
 Reity, Adam, clerk 
 
 Schrieber, Charles, Jr,,mer 
 Schrieber, Charles, Sr., fa 
 Schrieber, F. , Sr. « 
 Schrieber, F. , Jr. " 
 Saxorunier, George, saddler 
 Shatter, Fred, laborer 
 Shintheln, Margaret, farmer 
 Smook, August, farmer 
 Snook, William " 
 Shrader, Conrad, " 
 Short, John » 
 Small, David « 
 Smith, Henry » 
 Smith, Conrad » 
 Smith, N., justice of peace 
 Smith, R. J., merchant 
 Smith, Laurence, hotel 
 
 keeper 
 Simmons, Luther, farmer 
 Simmons, S. L. " 
 Simmons, H. Mc. » 
 Sipple, Christian, carpenter 
 Sippel, Henry, farmer 
 Salger, Earnst « 
 Salger, Fred »• 
 Sliger, John " 
 Stillborn, Fred., » 
 Smith, H. C. » 
 Starnn, William »' 
 Starnn, August n 
 
 Stoehr , ( Joh , Lawyer 
 Snyder, Christopher, horse far- 
 rier 
 Salfrank, Henry, barber 
 Seibert, J. a., ambrotypist 
 Seibert, H. , stone cutter 
 Stineham, Jacob, farmer 
 Stineham, prank « 
 Stumph,. Jacob, D.D. 
 Sturgeon, J. R. D.D. 
 
 Taylor, spencer, miller 
 Treaneller, Mathias, laborer 
 Teiler, William butcher 
 Tummel, John brickmason 
 Tummel, Frank " 
 
 chant 
 rmer 
 
 Uffuman, Louis, farmer 
 
 Voges, Henry, teamster 
 Voges, Conrad, sr., farmer 
 Voges, Conrad, Jr. »' 
 Voss, Fred n 
 
 Veight, William, M. D. 
 Vagely, s. Laborer 
 
 Walker, Fred, farmer 
 Wichlien, A. » 
 Wichlien, John L. « 
 Wichlein, John, gunsmith 
 Weaver, Daniel, farmer 
 Weaver, Peter »» 
 Wehrhelm, Phillip, sr. farmer 
 Wehrheim, Philip, jr. » 
 Winegertner, Charles, carpenter 
 Weber, Jacob »» 
 
 V/undt, Charles, M.D. 
 Wagoner, Fred, wagonmaker 
 Wipkin, Fred, farmer 
 Wipkin, August, « 
 Wilson, James G. , farmer 
 Wilson, Gilbert « 
 Weiss, Leonard, blacksmith 
 Wilson, R. s. farmer 
 Weiss, Phil. & Adam, tailors & 
 shoemakers. 
 
 Yeager, Antony, farmer 
 Young, William, « 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT 
 
 A. B. Agnew, M. D. Physician and Surgeon, Prairie du Rocher, 
 Randolph County, 111. 
 
PRAIRIE DU ROCHFR DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 5 South, Range 9 We3t~ Prairie du Rocher 
 
 Agnew, A. B. physician 
 Albert, Antoino, farmer 
 Atcher, Charles » 
 
 Bachelier, Frank, merchant 
 
 Brickey, Frank W., mer- 
 chant miller 
 
 Bachelier, Philibert, car- 
 penter 
 
 Barbeau, Benjamin, farmer 
 
 Barbeau, Andrew, Jr. " 
 
 Barbeau, Henry, 
 
 Barbeau, John B. 
 
 Barbeau, /.ntoine 
 
 Barbeau, Baptiste 
 
 Brown, Matthew 
 
 Barber, Francis 
 
 Bege, Leurent 
 
 Buyat, Ambrose 
 
 Benvenu, Raynold 
 
 Blandford, Felix 
 
 Blais, Joseph 
 
 Blais, Thomas 
 
 Boneau, Pierre 
 
 Brewer, John Sr 
 
 Brewer, George 
 
 Brown, Albion 
 
 Blais, Godfrey 
 
 Blandheld, Alb< 
 
 Blais, Narciss\ 
 
 Albert 
 ~sus 
 
 Cavanau, L. D. " 
 Chaudel, Theophill. proprie 
 
 tor Union Hotel 
 Chartreau, Michael " 
 Chcoweth, Gabriel » 
 Clark, James » 
 
 Connely, James » 
 Collegnor, Joseph " 
 Curat, Alphonse » 
 Carr, Benjamin, laborer 
 
 Davis, H. S., blacksmith 
 Derouse, Edward, farmer 
 Deffry, Maxemilion, farmer 
 Danane, Martin » 
 Danjan, John » 
 
 Dorron, Lesen « 
 Dorron, Ferain » 
 Drawry, Clement » 
 Drapan, William » 
 
 Due la sp Eugene 
 Duo las, Rosemond 
 
 Godair, Pierre 
 Godair, John B. 
 Godair, eelerin 
 Grevet, Danis 
 Granmer, John B« 
 Guebert, C* 
 
 farmer 
 farmer 
 
 farmer 
 it 
 ti 
 ti 
 it 
 ti 
 
 Harris, Gravais « 
 
 Harris, Thomas « 
 
 Hansbrough, Flija « 
 
 Hare stead, Thomas « 
 
 Haynes, Hosea «» 
 Henry, William, justice of the 
 
 peace and notary public 
 Hesse, Edraund 
 
 jeffry, w. M. , physician 
 
 Johnson, John farmer 
 
 Kerr, Henry 
 Kerr, John 
 Kerr, A. 
 
 farmer 
 merchant 
 
 LaChapelle, Amedee, farmer 
 
 Langlois, Francis farmer 
 
 Langlois, Antoine »• 
 
 Levery, Joseph « 
 
 - Levery, Godfrey t» 
 
 Louviere, John B. " 
 
 Louviere, Henry « 
 
 Louviere, Ciprain « 
 
 Louviere, Baptiste " 
 Lee, A. H. , merchant miller 
 
 Manning, Isadore, 
 Medeaf, Fdward 
 Medeaf, Charles B. 
 Miller, William 
 Moass, Solomon 
 Mangen, Prosper 
 Mongen, Francis 
 Mudd, Thomas L. 
 Mudd, Vincent 
 Mudd, Thomas 
 Mudd, James T. 
 Montgomery, Thomas L. 
 
 farmer 
 it 
 ti 
 ti 
 it 
 ii 
 it 
 ti 
 it 
 ii 
 ii 
 ii 
 
 -94- 
 (I believe this should be Duclas or Duclos.F.P.l.) 
 
McNabb, J&tthew, farmer 
 McGee, Augustus, saddler 
 
 Neal, Joseph, 
 
 farmer 
 
 Owen, Constantine, farmer 
 Owen, Croswell, farmer 
 
 Perrat, Ferdinand, farmer 
 Perrat, Francis » 
 Phegly, Jacob » 
 Phegly, John " 
 Panpar, Pela2ie « 
 Pairier, Frederick " 
 
 Robbins, William 
 Ray, Ely A. 
 Ray, Antoine 
 Ray, Adolphus 
 Ray, Ferdinand 
 Ray, Phelix 
 
 Santean, John B. # farmer 
 Shea, Michael « 
 Simiaons, Henry H* « 
 
 Skedmore, H. M. « 
 Steinkop, Frederick, mason 
 Sprigg, James D. > merchant 
 Sprigg, John " 
 Schrider, Dr., farmer 
 
 Thibeau, Israel 
 Timpton, Sias 
 Tuller, John B. 
 Thibeau, Francis 
 
 Wenther, George, 
 
 TWP 5 S., RANGE 10 W. 
 
 England, Robert 
 
 Elliot, Joseph, farmer 
 
 Godair, Alexis, farmer 
 
 Langlois, Etienne, C, 
 
 Louviere, John N., 
 
 Louviere, Eugene 
 
 Louviere, Vital 
 
 Louviere, Benjamin 
 
 Sears, S. S. commission 
 merchant 
 
 Waldron, William, farmer 
 
 TWP 7 S., RANGE 8 W. 
 
 Bienvenu, Francis E. 9 farmer 
 Bienvenu, Lewis, « 
 
 Casson, Antoine B. , " 
 
 Casson, Felix « 
 
 Charliville, Charles »' 
 
 Charliville, Francois » 
 
 Derou3e, Joseph T. 9 
 Dobbs, W. £. 
 Dobbs, Jonathan 
 Dobbs, Richard 
 Doza, Alexis 
 Doza, William 
 Danis, Antoine 
 
 Gendrou, Luke 
 
 Pujol, Louis, P. 
 Planase, Antoine 
 
 Thomas Fulton 
 Thomas Matthew 
 Thomas Plumer 
 
 .05- 
 
LIBERTY 
 
 About the year 1805, John Hickman built a house in 
 front of the present location of Liberty, on land which 
 has long since given place to the current of the river. 
 In 1806, Mr. Mansker, father of Samuel Mansker, built a 
 house on the island opposite the town, and opened a farm. 
 Samuel Mansker built the first house within the limits of 
 the present town — the same that is now occupied by Mr. 
 Tuthill as a chair manufactory. The first store was es- 
 tablished by James McCormack. 
 
 In the year 1832, John Stearns, an emigrant from Ten- 
 nessee, purchased the land end laid off the upper part of 
 town into town lots. A sprightly improvement followed, 
 and the place rapidly assumed tov/n proportions. About the 
 year 1836, Capt. w, B. Charles, James Dean, Dr. Manning, 
 Harvey Clendenin, Samuel Barber, Thomas Frazier, F. G. Hall, 
 Brewster, and some others located in the town, and gave it 
 quite a start towards a high destiny. Mansker, Clendenin 
 & Barber established a store and carried on a heavy busi- 
 ness in buying and shipping grain. At this time there was 
 probably more corn shipped from Liberty than from any other 
 port in Randolph County. 
 
 The town was incorporated in 1837, and the local 
 government set in motion. The first board of town trustees 
 consisted of William B. Charles, Nathaniel Manning, John D. 
 Stearns, John Stearns and Jacob Parks. John Stearns was 
 elected President, and Harvey Clendenin, Clerk. 
 
 The place maintained a gradual improvement until about 
 the year 1842. From that period there was but little pro- 
 gress until about four years ago. in 185B, the enterpris- 
 ing citizens of the tov/n and vicinity organized a Joint 
 stock association, and commenced the erection of a large 
 flouring mill.' This was the signal for other improvements, 
 and during the next two years a great many new houses were 
 built. The mill was completed and set in operation in 1856. 
 It is of the largest class of merchant mills, capable of 
 producing two hundred and fifty barrels of flour per day. 
 
 The town now contains five dry goods stores; two 
 grocery stores; one chair factory; one wagon shop; two black- 
 smith shops; one boot and shoe shop; one cooper shop; one 
 hotel; three physicians; one school house. 
 
 Liberty i3 one of the lergest wood markets on the Missis- 
 sippi river. About ten thousand dollars' worth of wood is 
 sold from her numerous yards annually. 
 
 A church was organized in Liberty, about the year 1844, 
 by Rev. C. C. Riggs. The congregation usually occupy the 
 school house. Rev. B. H. Charles supplies the pulpit oc- 
 casionally. 
 
 Liberty is situated in the southeast corner of Randolph 
 
 -96- 
 
County, upon a strip of level lord, with the Mississippi 
 front end a range of v/ild, cragged bluffs in the roar. 
 The river at this point is probably narrower than at any 
 other place between New Orleans and St. Anthony Falls, 
 measuring in an ordinary stage of water something less than 
 four hundred yards. The country surrounding Liberty is 
 somewhat broken, and heavily timbered. The soil on the 
 uplands is well adapted to the production of wheat, of 
 which the farmers raise large quantities. 
 
 LIBER TY DIRECTORY 
 Township 8 South, Range 5 West — Liberty 
 
 Armstrong, William, 
 Armstrong, Samuel, 
 Armstrong, Hubert 
 
 farmer 
 
 Barber, Fzekiel, wood mer- 
 chant 
 Barber, Alexander, farmer 
 Barber, James « 
 Beaver, Charles W. , laborer 
 Brown, James M. farmer 
 Bryant, Thomas « 
 Bryant, William teamster 
 Buar, blacksmith 
 Barnes, Benjamin, wood dealer 
 Bennett, R., laborer 
 Barber, Joseph, Br, 
 Barber, Joel, Dr. 
 Brown, John, farmer 
 Barber, Samuel, farmer 
 
 Carter , Coiman , laborer 
 Clendenin, E. R. carpenter 
 Clendenin, J. C, merchant 
 Clendenin, John H. farmer 
 Clendenin, Samuel, " 
 Clendenin, Harvey » 
 Clendenin, William H. , mer- 
 chant 
 Crisler, John, blacksmith 
 Criley, John, plasterer 
 Childers, Harvey, farmer 
 Carter, Samuel « 
 Clifford, C. 
 Clifford, Samuel 
 Crane, Joseph H. 
 
 Dean, James, merchant 
 
 Emery, William, wagonmakcr 
 
 Floyed, George W. laborer 
 Fulford, Thomas, farmer 
 Frazier. Thomas " 
 
 Frazier, Alexander, carpen- 
 ter 
 Frickcy, August, miller 
 
 Gentry, William, laborer 
 
 Gentry, pleasant, » 
 
 Gentry, John 
 
 Gentry, William 
 
 Haskins, Charles R., farmer 
 Harry, »v. (}., shoemaker 
 Hamilton, Archibald, farmer 
 Hooker, George w. , car- 
 penter 
 Hooker, Jacob, carpenter 
 Hooker, William, laborer 
 i4 ^bbs, Richard, farmer 
 Henderson, B.B. 
 Hardy 
 Hobbs, Thomas, farmer 
 
 Jones, Samuel T. , merchant 
 Jones Cc Clendenin, merchants 
 Jones. W.W. , Dr. 
 Jernegan, William B. , cooper 
 Jeffrey, William M. , farmer 
 Jeffrey, Robert, teacher 
 
 Kirk, John, laborer 
 
 Lester, John, farmer 
 Lakeman, Jr.mes, M., merchant 
 Lawder, William, farmer 
 Lawder, James » 
 Lively, James, laborer 
 Lawson, Samuel 
 
 Mcrgon, John, laborer 
 Mann, J#P., merchant 
 Mann, C. A., Dr. 
 Mc Kenny, James, clerk 
 
 97 
 
TWP 8 SOUTH, RANGE 6 WEST 
 
 TWP 8 SOUTH, RANG! 
 
 Parres, Vincent, salesman Barnfield, T. H. , salesman 
 Purely, Edward F., miller Barnfield, J.J. , farmer 
 
 Reed, James D. , blacksmith 
 Ryan, Augustus « 
 Reese, Jordan, farmer 
 Ray, mate on river 
 Robbins, W. S. 
 aickards, Benjamin, miller 
 
 Scudamore, G., 
 Simpson, John 
 Simponn, JamSs 
 Stone, J. H. 
 Stokes, Elijah 
 
 farmer 
 
 Tope, G. Wt f laborer 
 Tuthill, S. P., ch&ir maker 
 Tudor, John, farmer 
 Tunis, John " 
 Tudor, Thomas " 
 
 Underhill, Marion, farmer 
 
 Carr, William, farmer 
 
 Fleetwood, George w. , farmer 
 Flin, Pen*y farmer 
 
 Hindman, Harvey, farmer 
 Hindman, Alexander, » 
 Hindman, Alexander, jr., farmer 
 
 Lawson, Isaac, farmer 
 Law, Alexander, » 
 
 Mansker, R. B. , farmer 
 llansicer, Samuel » 
 Moore, John, -farmer 
 Moore, Robert " 
 Mansker, William W. , teacher 
 Moore, Americus, farmer 
 
 Pearson, Absalom, farmer 
 Pearson, William » 
 
 Van Meter, H. M. Weakley, John " 
 
 Vickers, Montraville, farmer v/ilson, John " 
 
 Vickers, Moses cooper Williams, Thomas " 
 Vance, William, Dr. 
 
 Walters, George W., merchant 
 Walters, A. J., merchant 
 Ward, E. J. » 
 Wise, E. G. » 
 Wingate, R. farmer 
 Winthraw, R., laborer 
 Wilson, Johnson farmer 
 Whitehouse, Joseph, farmer 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 S. Turner, Jones & Co., have in Store a carefully selected 
 stock of DRY-GOODS, which they offer at very low prices 
 for cash. Attention is called to their Stock of Boots and 
 Shoes, Which will be found extensive, and of the best make 
 and material. Groceries are selected to answer the wishes 
 of regular customers, and can be relied upon for quality. 
 Bridles, Harness, &c, constantly kept in store. Liberty, 111, 
 
 * * # # 
 
 J. P. MANN, Liberty, Illinois, Jones' Creek Post Office. 
 Keeps on hand a large Stock of DRY-GOODS, GROCERIES, HARD- 
 WARE, QUFENSWARE, BOOTS AND SHOES, HATS AND CAPS, CLOTHING, 
 WOODEN AND WILLOW V/ARE, All of which he sells low to cash 
 or prompt time purchasers. 
 
 B. N. Bond, Physician/ Surgeon, and Accoucher, Evansville, 
 Illinois, attends to all calls for his professional services. 
 
 -98- 
 
EVANSVILLE 
 
 Evansville stands upon the eastern bank of the 
 Kaskaskia river, ten miles above Kaskaskia, in township 
 five, south of range eight west. At the point where the 
 town is located, there is no bottom land, the hill rising 
 gradually from either side of the river bank. 
 
 A farm was made upon the locality of the town by 
 Andrew White, in the year 1811. some years afterwards 
 White sold the farm to Adam Henderson, who sometime after- 
 wards sold it to Levi North. Mr. North established a 
 ferry across the river in 1826, and "North's Ferry" soon 
 became widely known, and kept the name until the growth 
 of the town forbid the appellation. North sold out to 
 Eli Chappell, and Chappell sold to Cadwell Evans, from 
 whom the town takes its name, with the common affix of 
 Americrn villages attached. 
 
 Evans laid off the land into town lot3 in the year 
 1834, and commenced selling town property, at which time 
 the town consisted of Mr. Evans » dwelling house, a shop 
 for repairing wagons, stocking and repairing plow's, &c, 
 and the ferry. In 1837 Mr. Ivans erected a horse mill. 
 The same year Paul Craddock erected a cooper shop. The 
 following year Edmund Eccles and Joseph Bratney established 
 a tanyard. About the same time Mr. Evans erected and 
 opened a hotel. A saddlery shop was established the next 
 year by Y/illiam IlcNeal. The next year, 1840, William and 
 McKee O'Melvany brought to the town a stock of dry goods 
 and commenced merchandizing. At this time the flourishing 
 aspect of affairs induced the opinion that Evansville must 
 become a place of some business importance, but under the 
 heavy financial embarrassment which almost crushed out the 
 energies of western prosperity about this time, there was no 
 more improvement until the year 1847, when a new impetus 
 wa3 given the town by Volien v/eirham, who erected a store 
 house and commenced selling goods. Other acquisitions were 
 made to the town as time passed along. In 1854, Jonathan 
 Chestnutwood, from Ohio, came to the place and established 
 a dry goods store. Goon afterwards ctme David Hartzell, 
 the now business partner of Chcstnutv/ood. The same year 
 Evans & Weirheim erected and put in operation a steam four- 
 ing mill. In 1857 Vfunderlick erected a brewery, in which 
 is brewed the celebrated "Evansville Beer." 
 
 The growth of the place thus far has depended upon the 
 improvement of the country around it,— but the successful 
 navigation of the Kaskaskia river during the past season is 
 giving advantages to the place which will create much im- 
 provement. In addition to what has been mentioned the town 
 contains two wagon manufactories; ov/o blacksmith shops; 
 five cooper and one saddlery shop; two hotels; two physicians 
 several carpenters and masons; one tailor; a good school 
 house in which a permanent school is kept by James a. J. 
 Martin. Ferry kept by James Walsh. 
 
 .,-99- 
 
The Methodist denomination have two church organiza- 
 tions — English and German — both organized in 1858, Taylor 
 preaches for the former. Baah for the latter. Catholics 
 are building a house of worship. 
 
 EVANSVILLF DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 5 South, Range 8 West — Evansville 
 
 Anderson, James P. 
 
 Borthal, Michael farmer 
 
 Bart, John, 
 
 Blais, E. 
 
 Braise, Henry 
 
 Braise, Frederick, 
 
 Bruzer, Lewis 
 
 Brown, John 
 
 Brown, George T. 
 
 Brewer, Felix 
 
 Butler, Thomas 
 
 Bond, 3. N. , physician 
 
 Horrel, Benedict farmer 
 
 Horrel, Benedict, J. « 
 
 Horrel, Cornelius 
 
 Horrel, John M . 
 
 Horrel, Francis F. 
 
 Horrel, Thomas. L. 
 
 Hull, James 
 
 Har stead, John 
 
 Hartzell, David, merchant 
 
 Jeffry, C. 
 
 farmer 
 
 Kerston, Henry farmer. 
 Knott, Killery » 
 Campbell, Archibald, farmer Kucker, Frederick H. " 
 
 Carroll, Martin » 
 Clase, John W. " 
 Crorgon, James » 
 
 Chestnutwood, J. merchant 
 
 Degner, Frederick, farmer 
 Derouse, Phillip, " 
 Divers, Andrew » 
 Dawling, Michael " 
 Douglas, G. W. " 
 Doug la 3, John A., farmer & 
 justice of peace 
 
 Eccles, Edmund, grocer 
 Evans, William, farmer 
 
 Faharty, Manns, 
 Flawley, Michael 
 Flam, Gasper 
 
 Gueble, John, farmer 
 Giberding, Debrich, » 
 Gross, Nicholas •' 
 
 Hasemirrer, Lattis, farmer 
 Hannaman, Henry farmer 
 Hannibutt, Charles « 
 Hannibutt, Frederick, Jr. 
 
 farmer 
 Hermiss, Phillip » 
 Hindraann, Frederick " 
 Ha man, Rudd '» 
 Hopka, Henry » 
 
 Kucker, William 
 
 Martin, James A* J« 
 Marlin, Fleetwood 
 Mitchell, Robert 
 Mudd, Henry 
 Mudd, Francis 
 Mudd, Charles 
 Mudd,. John 
 Murphy, Michael 
 McCraw, John 
 McCann, James 
 McDermot, James 
 
 ! Harra, James 
 Ohmes, Charles 
 
 *Paulter, Joseph Sr. 
 *Paulter, Joseph, jr. 
 *Paulter, Paul 
 
 Rabe, Dederick 
 Ready, Edward 
 Runger, Frederick 
 
 Simpson, John C. 
 Simpson, H. D. 
 Simpson, Thomus A. 
 Simpson, James D. 
 Simpson, Thomas L. 
 Smith, Lyman 
 Skeudmore, A. G. 
 Stiffens, Otto 
 
 teacher 
 farmer 
 
 ii 
 
 it 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 ti 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
 ti 
 
 ii 
 
 -100- 
 (*1 believe Paulter should be Pautler. EPL) 
 
Tillman, Frederick V/egner, Dedrich 
 Thompson, John M. Wehrheim, John 
 
 Welshire, C. H. 
 Vinsan, John V/halen, Jonathan 
 
 Walsh, James Young, Andrew 
 
 Walsh, Nicholas Yum, Peter 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 Cheap Cash StoreJJ Evansville, Illinois. J. Chestnutwood, 
 dealer in Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, boots and shoes, 
 sugcr, coffee, tea, molasses, rice tobacco, and every 
 article and variety of Goods wanted in the Evansville 
 Market. All kinds of Merchantable Produce taken in ex- 
 change for Goods. Call at the CHEAP CASH STORE 1 
 Evansville, October 15, 1859. 
 
 Thomison & Harmon, Steele3Vllle, 111. Dealers in Dry- 
 Goods, boots and shoes, hats and caps, groceries, hardware 
 and cutlery, and all other articles necessary to consti- 
 tute a complete assortment of such Goods as the country de- 
 mands. Our business is transacted on the mutual principle, 
 and we invite our friends and the public generally to 
 bring us every article of merchantable produce, and ex- 
 change it for Goods. Give us a call when you visit Steeles- 
 ville. 
 
 Cheap Cash Store, J. II. Malone & Bro., Having established 
 themselves in the Dry-goods & Grocery business, would re- 
 spectfully solicit a share of the patronage around steeles- 
 ville. In our store will at all times be/found a complete 
 variety of Dry-goods, Hats, Caps, Boots, Shoes, Sugar, 
 Molasses, Coffee, Tea, Pepper, Spice, fcc#, &c Our stock 
 is open for inspection, and everybody is invited to call 
 and see us. ^ . 
 
STEELESVILLE 
 
 Steelesville, formerly named and yet called George- 
 town, is situated towards the eastern boundary of the 
 county, fifteen miles from Chester, on the road leading 
 to Pinckneyville. The old Indian trail and road leading 
 from shawneetown to Kaskaskia passed over the ground on 
 which the town is made, and for* many ydai's before there 
 was any prospect of a town, it was the principal thorough- 
 fare of travel for the Southern District of Illinois, Emi- 
 grants, from beyond the Ohio, crossed the river at Shawnee- 
 town, and came thi3 route to Kaskaskia. 
 
 George Steele, the original proprietor of steelesville, 
 located upon the land where the town stands, in 1810, and 
 made a small farm. The most important event in the early 
 history of this, place was the erection of a Fort or "Block 
 House," in the year 1812, in which the neighboring settlers 
 took refuge from the Kickapoo Indians, whose hostilities 
 towards the Americans had been excited by the British. Dur- 
 ing one whole season the people lived in this Fort, and 
 never left it without their guns and arms of defense. 
 
 The foundation of the town was laid in 1825, by the 
 erection of a tread-mill by Mr. Steele. The mill machinery 
 was driven by the weight of oxen treading upon an inclined 
 wheel, which created sufficient power to drive and run the 
 burrs. The mill created the necessity for a store. This 
 necessity was supplied two years afterwards by Col. Gabriel 
 Jones, who opened the first stock of goods ever brought to 
 Georgetown. In the same year-1827-a post office was estab- 
 lished, and Col. Jones appointed Postmaster. The post office 
 was named 'Steele's Mills," find it still retains the origi- 
 nal name, though the tovn was first called Georgetown, and 
 afterwards, by Act of the Legislature, changed to Steeles- 
 ville. 
 
 V/ith a mill, a store, a post office, a hotel, and a 
 blacksmith shop, as a basis to start upon, the enterprising 
 proprietor proceeded in 1832, to have his land surveyed 
 into town lots, which he offered for sale at public auction. 
 Among the purchasers at this first sale of lots, were Capt. 
 Rogers, Col. Jones, Dr. Jones, Robert Jones, and Tanner 
 Briggs. From this time the town commenced growing, and its 
 progress has been slow and gradual — additions being made Just 
 as fast as the advancing country around increased the de- 
 mands of trade. 
 
 In 1838-9, Mr. Steele erected * brick residence, the 
 first brick building in the place, which was an ornament to 
 the town. It is now owned and occupied by Harry Jenkins as 
 a hotel. 
 
 In the year 1842, the old mill becoming worn and unsteady 
 from the dilapidation of age, Mr. Steele built another one, 
 
 -102- 
 
near where the first one stood, upon the same plan but much 
 lareger. It did excellent service for several years, but 
 its din and noise are heard no more— only the wreck of it 
 remaining. 
 
 The first church of Georgetown wan organized in 1834, 
 by Rev. Eli Short. The congregation continued to worship 
 regularly for some years, but finally the members becoming 
 scattered, the organization was abandoned, Another church 
 was organized in 1838, by Rev. J. B. Alcoct, a Baptist 
 minister, and this may be called the first Baptist church 
 of Stcelesville. A school house, standing c little to the 
 
 eastward of town, was used for church purposes by the con- 
 gregation until 1848, when a new building was erected in the 
 western part of town. 
 
 In 1854, this congregation divided upon some question 
 of difference, and the dissenting portion erected a new 
 church building, and have become a distinct organization. 
 Rev. H. S. Gordon supplies the pulpit of the new church, and 
 Rev. H. S. Deppe that of the old one. 
 
 The Methodists have an organization, (the date of whose 
 commencement has been lost) and preaching occassionally by 
 Rev. Mr. .ray. 
 
 The Presbyterian Church was organized about eight 
 months ago, uy Rev, B. H. Charles, of Chester. The congrega- 
 tion occupies the old Baptist Church, and Rev. A. A. Morri- 
 son fills the pulpit. 
 
 Stcelesville has one school house, in which a school is 
 kept regularly. It is a good, substantial frame building, and 
 stands a little to the northward of town. A new flouring 
 mill has just been put in operation, with a capacity of grind- 
 ing one hundred and fifty barrels of flour per day. They 
 have~a good steam saw mill; four dry goods stores; one wagon 
 shop; two cabinet shops; one boot and shoe shop; one cooper 
 shop; one blacksmith shop; one tailor shop; one hotel, and 
 two physicians. 
 
 -103- 
 
STEBLESVILLE DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 6 south, Range 5 west— Steelesville 
 
 Adams, Tilford 
 Arnold, Elias, farmer 
 
 Badgley, David, S., farmer 
 Berner, John II. , miller 
 Berner, Joseph W. " 
 Berner, Frederick, farmer 
 Barrand, Robert 
 Benson, Christopher 
 Beggeman, Henry Sr. 
 Beggeman, Henry Jr. 
 Beggeman, August 
 Black, George F ., physician 
 Blair, James H., farmer 
 Blair, Robert H. " 
 Bowerman, Michael, farmer 
 Brown, Joseph » 
 Brown, David « 
 Brown, Isene B., merchant 
 Brown, Preston " 
 Brown, William H., farmer 
 Brown, Samuel N. blacksmith 
 Brown, James T. farmer 
 Brown, Alfred A. 
 Brown, William 
 Brown, Michael 
 Blashear, William W. 
 Blackelsby, Thomas 
 Busher, Henry 
 
 Campbell, William F. " 
 Castellow, Alfred " 
 Castellow, John T. black- 
 smith 
 Cross, Francis, farmer 
 
 Deppe, H. S. Rev. farmer 
 Dennis, Charle3 J. « 
 Dennis, James « 
 Deppe, Augustus » 
 Dogget, Rev. farmer & 
 
 teacher 
 Duncan, Jacob, farmer 
 
 Ebers, Frederick, farmer 
 Edwards, Thomas B. P 
 
 Forsee, Napoleon, farmer 
 For see, Richard » 
 
 Glapford, Reuben, 
 Gordon, George 
 Gordon, H. S. Rev. 
 Green, Carter 
 
 Guynion, Thomas 
 
 farmer 
 
 Inglaes, B. F. carpenter 
 
 jernigan, W. R., farmer & brick 
 
 maker 
 Jenkins, R. H. Hotel keeper 
 
 Kampen, Charles, farmer 
 Korn, Abraham »' 
 Korn, Flijah " 
 Korn, Jacob » 
 Korn, John " 
 
 Kane, James » 
 
 Kendall, Fdwtrd, wagon maker 
 
 Lehnhoff, Lewis, farmer 
 Lehnburg, Christopher, farmer 
 Lively, Lewis, farmer 
 Lively, Shadnck, farmer 
 Lickess, p:-b^rt, merchant 
 Lickess, John farmer 
 Lofton, 1-li farmer & school 
 
 commissioner 
 Luhf singer, Henry, shoemaker 
 
 Malone, John B. , farmer 
 Malone, James M. , merchant 
 Malone, J. A. " 
 Mathews, John Rev. 
 Ma this, Leonard, farmer 
 Mathls, John " 
 Marion, J. 
 
 Martin, William C. , farmer 
 Hossburg, Frederick, » 
 Misselhorn, William « 
 Minter, Jacob " 
 Morgan, J. F . " 
 Morgan, G. S. , physician 
 Morris, jtmes, cabinet maker 
 Morrison, John, farmer 
 Morrison, Robert, farmer 
 Monteith, John A., farmer 
 Myerhoff, Henry farmer 
 
 -104. 
 
Pahlman, Henry, carpenter 
 Parker, Senaca, merchant 
 
 miller 
 Perily, Henry, farmer 
 
 Robison, William, farmer 
 Robison, Cyrus, cooper 
 
 Robison, Daniel, farmer 
 Rossindall, Frederick, farmer 
 Ruhrede, Frederick farmer 
 Russell, Leonard farmer 
 Ruizede, Henry farmer 
 Rihnheart, August, cooper 
 
 Shafer, Daniel H., brickmaker 
 Short, John T. , farmer 
 Short, John E. farmer 
 Short, Thomas E. farmer 
 Short, Richard J. « 
 Smith, Lev/is M . " 
 Sower by, A. G. carpenter & 
 
 cabinet maker 
 Soaper, Robert, farmer 
 Stevens, William H. , farmer 
 Stillwaugh, Jacob » 
 Stillwaugh, Albert » 
 Stoker, James M « ,f 
 Steele, Albert " 
 Steele, Rilen » 
 Steele, Thomas " 
 Steele, James » 
 Steele, John Sr., " 
 Steele, James, C . " 
 Steele, Harvey « 
 Steele, Jasper " 
 Steele, Elvis ti 
 Steele, Thomas » 
 Steele, M. E. " 
 Steele, Carroll " 
 Schewsberry, George W. cooper 
 Staley, Jacob, farmer 
 
 Tatum, William B., farmer 
 Tate, William " 
 
 Thomson, George merchant 
 
 Thomas, John W. farmer 
 
 Uhles, James H. , farmer 
 
 Vaughan, James farmer 
 Wilden, B. farmer 
 Wcatte, Henry, f armor 
 
 Whitford, S. C. 
 Young, Ephraim J. Blacksmith 
 
 Twp 6 S - R. 6 W-Harmon 
 settlement 
 
 Arnold, Elias, farmer 
 Addler, William « 
 Adair, William farmer & 
 
 teacher 
 Albert, John, farmer 
 
 Beggamann, Augustus, farmer 
 
 Baird, A. P. " 
 
 Barnet, Martin B. » 
 
 Bean, James J. " 
 
 Bean, Davie » 
 
 Bean, Benj-^in « 
 
 Bean, Will: am » 
 
 Bo swell, Timothy " 
 
 Burrows, Ezekiel " 
 
 Campbell, Edward 
 Campbell, John 
 Caudle, John 
 Caudle, Sampson 
 Caudle, Richard 
 Carstatter, David 
 Carter, Julian, teacher 
 #Cieckneyer, John farmer 
 Coiman, R. E. " 
 
 Clawscn, vvederick " 
 
 Detmoie ; ^"ederick, farmer 
 Dagener , Jenry " 
 Dillard, William » 
 
 Dillard, John A. 
 
 it 
 
 Ditty, Amos' 
 
 ii 
 
 Deunsing, F. Sr.,Rev. 
 
 tt 
 
 Deunsing, F. Jr. 
 
 it 
 
 Dresemyer, Henry 
 
 ti 
 
 Delany, A. 
 
 ii 
 
 Delany, John A. 
 
 n 
 
 Dunsing, F. M. 
 
 ii 
 
 L'bers, William 
 
 11 
 
 Elsey, William 
 
 ii 
 
 Elliot, Joseph 
 
 ii 
 
 Fxum, William 
 
 ii 
 
 Exum, Crawford 
 
 ii 
 
 Exum, John 
 
 ii 
 
 Ewbanks, John F. 
 
 ti 
 
 Fanslow, Frederick, 
 
 it 
 
 Ficne, Henry, 
 
 ti 
 
 Flanagan, Michael 
 
 ti 
 
 Fleming, James 
 
 ii 
 
 Fleming, John 
 
 tt 
 
 --105- 
 * This name is now commonly spelled Sickmeyer in the county. FPL 
 
Poster, John farmer 
 
 Fleming, William, farmer 
 
 Gant, John H. , farmer 
 
 Gramels, Henry farmer 
 Glenn, Amos H. " 
 Gant, Thomas w 
 
 Hackmaster, Henry 
 
 Hanna, James H. 
 
 Harmon, John C. 
 
 Harmon, John Jr. 
 
 Harmon, William " 
 
 Harmon, Phillip « 
 
 Harmon, George Sr. » 
 
 Harmon, George, Jr. « 
 
 Harmon, Abraham Sr. » 
 
 Harmon, Abraham Jr. " 
 
 Harmon, Michael " 
 
 Harmon, James Jr. » 
 
 Harmon, Jacob » 
 
 Harmon, George T. " 
 
 Harris, John « 
 
 Harris, Samuel « 
 
 Harris, Eli » 
 
 Hartman, John H. » 
 
 Hathorn, James » 
 
 Hathaway, Milton " 
 
 Hathaway, James " 
 
 Heard, William » 
 
 Hesemeyer, Frederick" 
 
 Heitmann, Harmanj. " 
 
 Henderlighter,W.J.O." 
 
 Hagranee, Frederick « 
 
 Hoppe, Frederick « 
 
 Hughes, Felix " 
 
 Hartley, Daniel » 
 
 Heitman, Detrick « 
 
 Jay, C. F. R ev., farmer 
 Johnson, Peter « 
 Jorgens, Detrick « 
 
 Karstens, Frederick 
 Karstens, Lewis 
 Keller, John P. carpenter 
 Knope, Frederick, farmer 
 Knope, George » 
 Knope, Henry « 
 Kern, Phillip « 
 Kakle, Henry, farmer & 
 blacksmith 
 
 Lohrding, Henry, farmer 
 Lively, Reuben » 
 Lawrence, Job » 
 
 Lawrence, Charles, farmer 
 Lawrence, Joseph, school 
 
 teacher 
 Lacy, John, farmer 
 Lehnherr, isatc, merchant 
 Lendweill, H., farmer 
 Lively, Edward, cooper 
 Lively, Joseph, farmer 
 
 Maxwell, James, farmer 
 Maxwell, William « 
 Marlin, John ;<U cooper 
 Marlin, Tfcj'i-as farmer 
 Marlin, William, jr. farmer 
 Malone, v/illiam D. farmer & 
 
 blacksmith 
 Mahan, A. J., farmer 
 Mahan, John, » 
 Mahan, David » 
 Monis, William « 
 Miller, Frederick, farmer 
 Miller, Augustus " 
 Moore, Levi. 
 
 Moore, Levi. 
 Moore, William 
 Moore, James H. 
 Moore, Joseph S. 
 Morrow, Jam? 3 Sr. 
 Meyers, Lewis 
 Meyers, Her - 
 
 Meyers, George 
 Meyers, Jr-Ln H. 
 Meyers, John 
 Meyers, Valentine » 
 McCan, James B. « 
 McDonald, Marshall, 1 
 McDonald, W. W. " 
 McDonald, John T. 
 McFarlin, Andrew 
 Mckee, Samuel 
 McLaughlin, Robert 
 McMannis, William •• 
 McMannis, Joseph « 
 McNulty, Joseph M •" 
 McNabney, James « 
 McNabney, Robert 
 
 Neff, George, 
 Neerae'yer, August 
 
 r 
 
 farmer 
 
 Oliver, Adam, 
 
 PeEket, William 
 
 Reimer, Peter, 
 Rinkle, Henry 
 Rotrock, D. S. 
 Runger, jergins 
 
 aoe- 
 
Ray, M. R., farmer 
 
 Simmons, David M • farmer 
 Shack, Peter " 
 Shernback, Henry f! 
 Sonnenberg, William » 
 Sternback, Lewis " 
 Sternback, Henry » 
 Sternback, Frederick" 
 Sternback, William " 
 *- Snaker, Henry " 
 Snider, William " 
 
 TaggarG, John Sr. " 
 Taggart, John Jr. " 
 Taggart, John L. M 
 Taggart, David » 
 Taggart, Amos, Sr. " 
 Taggart, Amos, Jr. " 
 Thils, Frederick, blacksmith 
 Teitza, Frederick.,farmer 
 
 Vinyard, William, tollgate 
 keeper 
 
 Welshans, Lev/is, farmer 
 Westerman, Henry " 
 Were, Charles »» 
 Wilson, James C. » 
 Wilson, Hugh M. » 
 Wilson, Alexander M. M 
 Were, John, farmer 
 Were, Frederick, farmer 
 Weiding, Her y " 
 Wheitbush, franiy " 
 Wilson, joim » 
 
 w # # # 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 Dan'l Reiiy. E. A. Reily, Henry Reily. D&n.n. Reily & Sons, 
 Ka^£%$^1ua Mills, north of the Town of Kaskaskia, and East 
 of Kaskaskia River, buy wheat, corn, and country produce 
 generally; and keep on hand, and sell at *ir.iform and low 
 prices, a full assortment of St* pie Dry Goods, Groceries, 
 Men's and Boy's Clothing, Boots and Shoes, hats and caps, 
 harness, furniture, queensware, tinware, and stoves, dye- 
 stuffs, paints, and patent medicines, straw cutters, plows, 
 laths, shingles, dressed yellow pine flooring, and assorted 
 White Pine Lumber; and in fact, every article that the most 
 prompt attention to the wants of a growing neighborhood 
 suggests.. Have also on hand, and will sell at an extremely 
 low price, the second-hand, single-flue Boilers and Engine. 
 Also, one of Clark's Flouring Mills, complete. A rare 
 chance for getting a cheap Mill. 
 
 # # # # & 
 
 Kaskaskia Store, George W. Staley, merchant & shipper, 
 Kaskaskia, 111., announces to the public that he has on hand 
 a complete assortment of Dry-Goods, which will be found to 
 embrace every article the market demands. The ladies are 
 requested to c all and examine hi;: Fine and Fancy Dress 
 Silks, which they will find particularly attractive. A full 
 supply of Boots and Shoes, Hats end C aps, Groceries, 
 Coffee, Sugar, M olasses, Tar, Tobacco, and every article 
 neceesary to the wants of the -country, always on hand. 
 G. W. STALEY, Kaskaskia, Oct. 15, 1859. 
 
RANDOLPH 
 
 About the year 1842, Mr. Capman, late of Randolph 
 County, laid off and attempted to fan the breath of life 
 into a place on the old Sparta road, seven miles from 
 Chester. But the sequel shows the progress was slow. 
 In 1855 there was nothing to be seen of the town except 
 the small grocery establishment of John wood, and a few 
 farm houses in the vicinity. The Germans, however, in 
 the meantime, had settled the surrounding country, which 
 they were cultivating with a great deal of industry and 
 prudence. In 1856, Mr. Isaac Lehiiherr went to Randolph 
 and erected a building in which he placed a stock of goods, 
 and at once commenced doing a brisk business. A post of- 
 fice was established the ensuing winter, which was called 
 Bremen. 
 
 Mr. Buckman has since opened a store, and several 
 workshops are in operation in the vicinity. 
 
 About the year 1840, the Lutheran Germans built a 
 church near Randolph, where regular service has been held 
 ever since. This church was organized by Rev. Mr. Dunsing, 
 who still continues tc preach for the congregation. Another, 
 Lutheran church was organized in 1849, by Rev. M. Eirich, 
 of Chester. There are now about sixty families belonging 
 to the congregation of this church. Rev. Mr. Tegtmeyer is 
 the minister. 
 
 Advertisements 
 
 Old Stone Store, oldest established house in Chester; the 
 proprietors of the "Old Stone Store" would call the atten- 
 tion of the public to their immense stock of Dry-Goods, 
 clothing, superior kerseys, boots and shoes, hats and caps, 
 which they offer for sale at extremely low prices. Their 
 glass and queensware is of a superior kind, and offered for 
 sale at very low rates. A heavy stock of iron, nails, spades, 
 shovels, forks, plows, &C, always on hand. 
 
 J. H. & G. 3. JONES 
 * -m* # * # 
 
 F. Buckman has in Store a large and carefully selected Stock 
 of Fancy & Staple dry-goods, designed for the Chester Market, 
 and offered on such terms as must please the purchaser. 
 His Stock of boots & shoes is large and varied, and of the 
 best quality and latest styles, particular attention is in- 
 vited to his Stock of hats & caps, which will be found of 
 the latest styles and best material. Clothing, of material 
 purchased and made by experienced workmen, always on hand. 
 Orders filled on short notice, Catawba grape vines, and 
 native wine for sale. 
 
 -108- 
 
COULTERVILLE 
 
 Coulterville is situated in Grand Cote prairie, some 
 eight miles northeast of Sparta. The beautiful region which 
 the town now occupies was in a state of nature, and afforded 
 pasturage for the wild deer of the prairie until the year 
 of 1822 , when James Coulter , John and Alexander MCKelvey, 
 James Dickey, Samuel Boyd and James Strohan* came and lo- 
 cated in the immediate vicinity. 
 
 Under the management of these industrious and enter- 
 prising farmers, Grand Cote Prairie began a rapid change 
 from a forest of waving prairie grass to a prosperous rural 
 settlement. These improvements continued until nearly the 
 whole of this fertile region has been subdued and made to 
 teem with the productions of civilization. 
 
 In 1850, James Coulter had a portion of his land sur- 
 veyed into town lots, which he offered for sale. The beauti- 
 ful locality of the proposed town, and the fertility of the 
 surrounding country soon attracted attention. Two years 
 afterwards, the place commenced improving. In 1852-3, two 
 churches were erected, and Henry Taylor commenced the mer- 
 cantile business by opening a dry-goods store. 
 
 The place contains at the present time, two churches; 
 two stores; one wagon shop; three blacksmith shops; one 
 merchant mill; one saw mill; one shoe shop; one drug store; 
 three carpenter shops; one tin shop; one saddlery; two hotels; 
 one brick yard; one brick school house, and two physicians. 
 
 It is a remarkably healthy place. During the last five 
 years but one death has occurred within a mile and a half of 
 the placet 
 
 COULTERVILLE DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 4 South, Range 5 Y/est— Coulterville 
 
 Addison, William, capitalist 
 Anderson, John, Sr., farmer 
 Anderson, John, Jr. " 
 Atkin, John » 
 
 Anderson, James W* " 
 Alston, Andrew " 
 Alexander, Y/illiam R. » 
 Alexander, W. S. " 
 
 Baird, Alexander, 
 Becket, Garvin 
 Beatte, Jacob B. 
 Beatte, R. S. 
 Boyd, Samuel L. 
 Brown, Robert, Sr. 
 Burns, John S. 
 Burns, Stewart 
 Burns, Archibald 
 
 -109- 
 *(Strohan, also spelled Strachan 
 
 Cathcart, Joseph, 
 Cathcart, Robert 
 Campbell, D. C. 
 Carmichael, John 
 Campbell, Alexander 
 Coulter, John w'. 
 Coulter, James Sr. 
 Coulter, jcmes jr. 
 Craig, William 
 Craig, James 
 Crawford, Henry 
 Cr-wford, William B. 
 Crawford, James 
 Crawford, Benj. C. 
 Crawford, Bryce 
 Curtis, William H. 
 Curtis, S. G. 
 Cunningham, wm. 
 
 and strahan. EPL) 
 
 farmer 
 tt 
 
 teacher 
 farmer 
 
 M 
 
 it 
 it 
 n 
 n 
 it 
 ii 
 ii 
 ii 
 ii 
 t; 
 it 
 ft 
 it 
 
Cuthbertson, Robert, farmer 
 
 Dickey, J. L., merchant 
 Dickey, W. J., farmer 
 Dickey, Alexander, farmer 
 Dickey, John A. " 
 Jamison, Samuel W. , merchant 
 Dickson, J* J., farmer 
 Duckworth, James, farmer 
 Dunlap, Robert, » 
 
 East, James, " 
 Easdale, Hugh » 
 Edmiston, William Sr.» 
 Edmiston, V/illiam, Jr." 
 Edmiston, A. G. " 
 Edmiston, Rufus » 
 Edmiston, James A. » 
 Elliotte, R. B. " 
 
 Finly, John, » 
 Foster, David A, » 
 
 Gault, R.H. 
 Gault, James C • 
 Garver, Daniel 
 Garvin, George 
 Goring, Peter 
 Gordon, Nathaniel 
 
 Haw ley, Samuel, « 
 
 Hays, Isaac H. " 
 
 Hair, John B. " 
 
 Herrick, John « 
 
 Hood, James « 
 
 Hood, William » 
 Hughes, John, shoemaker 
 
 Jamison, Joseph, » 
 
 James, Robert « 
 
 Keys, Robert » 
 Kirkpa trick, John S. « 
 
 Kerr, John, ti 
 
 Kean> Christopher » 
 
 Kennedy, Hugh » 
 
 King, Alexander " 
 
 Lemmon, Isaiah S. « 
 
 Little, Samuel, 11 
 
 Lynn, Charles E. » 
 
 Matthews, R # 11 
 
 Matthews, W. J. n 
 
 Miller, John G. » 
 
 Moore, Thos # C. . " 
 
 Moore, William B. " 
 
 Moore, Alexander, sr. 
 
 , farmer 
 
 Moore, Alexander, jr. 
 
 it 
 
 Morton, Andrew 
 
 » 
 
 Muir, Robert 
 
 n 
 
 Murphy, John 
 
 it 
 
 Murphy, T. G. 
 
 11 
 
 Munford, David 
 
 ii 
 
 Munford, William 
 
 " 
 
 McDill, James 
 
 11 
 
 McDill, Thomas 
 
 it 
 
 McDill, John 
 
 ti 
 
 McMillan, Matthew 
 
 w 
 
 McMillan, S.W. 
 
 n 
 
 McMillan, Randell 
 
 ii 
 
 McMurray, James 
 
 ti 
 
 Mclntyre, Daniel 
 
 " 
 
 McLaughlin, John 
 
 ti 
 
 McKelvey, James W« 
 
 ii 
 
 McKelvey, Charles 
 
 » 
 
 McKelvey, A. 
 
 SI 
 
 McKelvey, Robt« B. 
 
 ii 
 
 McKelvey, T. E. 
 
 » 
 
 McKelvey, J, C. 
 
 « 
 
 McKelvey, samil w. 
 
 tt 
 
 McRill, 0. G. 
 
 :i 
 
 McNeill, John, blacksmith 
 
 Pinkerton, John, farmer 
 Pinker ton, Luther " 
 Pinkerton, Benjamin, student 
 Pinkerton, James H. 
 
 Robertson, Robert, 
 Robertson, William 
 Rice , H.H. Dr. 
 Robison, John, 
 Russell, Alexander 
 
 farmer 
 it 
 
 farmer 
 
 Selfridge, John « 
 Sinclair, John " 
 
 Sloan, John J. , blacksmith 
 Lniith, Robert, farae: 
 Smith, A. " 
 
 Smith, Moore »» 
 
 Sproule, James, wagonmaker 
 Strahan, Blair, farmer 
 Stephenson, Robert, farmer 
 
 Taylor, Henry, farmer 
 Taylor, W, B., blacksmith 
 Thompson,' J. s., merchant 
 Thompson, W. L. , farmer 
 Thompson, A. U* farmer 
 Thompson, John M» , cooper 
 
 watters, Charles, farmer 
 v/hltaker, w. B. , wagonmaker 
 
 110. 
 
White, William, former 
 Wilson, James, Sr. '' 
 Wilson, Peter C» « 
 Wilson, David « 
 Wisely, James M. » 
 Woods ide, Samuel Sr, y* 
 
 V/oodside, Samuel, Jr. farmer 
 Wood side, James " 
 V/oodside, John J, " 
 Wright, John " 
 
 Wyley, James « 
 
 Wyley, John " 
 
 ****** 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS . 
 
 Herman C. Cole— Abner B. Cole, H. C. Cole & Co., Cole's 
 Mill, Chester, 111. manufacture Hf.G., Ne Plus Ultra, 
 Cole's Mills, & Orange Flour. Sell all kinds of Dry-goods, 
 Groceries, Hardware, Iron, Nails, Glass, and all descriptions 
 of Lumber, Lath, Shingles. Also, all kinds of Agricultural 
 Implements. Make cash advances on produce For shipment 
 South or Fast. Sell Sight Exchange on New Orleans and St. 
 Louis. Pay cash for all kinds of Farm Produce, 
 
 * * * * * 
 
 Clothing of Every Variety and Quality, of the most desirable 
 styles, and Superior Work, Received from Superior workmen; 
 at Henry Shutz's City Clothing Store, Front street, opposite 
 City Mills, Chester, Illinois. A full supply of Boots, 
 Shoes, Hats, Caps, &C. And every description of Gentlemen's 
 Furnishing Goods, Jewelry, &C. HENRY SHUTZ. 
 
 * * * * * 
 
 CHESTFR & ST. LOUIS Regular Tri-woekly Packet. The fast 
 and commodious steamer,"WILLIAM GARVIN" Will continue to 
 ply as a regular passenger and freight Packet between the 
 above named Ports, leaving Chester every Wednesday, Friday, 
 and Sunday mornings, at 7 o'clock; and leaving St. Louis 
 every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evenings, at 4 o'clock, 
 ALFX. ZEIGLER, Master. Joe S. Keith, jas. Winburn, Clerks 
 
 ****** 
 
 WILLIAM SANNFMANN k BRO. Y'ould announce to the citizens of 
 Chester, and vicinity, that they have just opened a large 
 Stock of Family Groceries in their new building, at the 
 angle of the Plank Road, Chester, Illinois. They have also 
 in Store a variety of Dry-goods, to which they invite espv^iel 
 attention. Their stock of Boots and Shoes will be found of 
 the best quality. They have also an extensive variety of 
 hats and caps. They invite a call from every person, feel- 
 ing confident that they will be able to please, 
 
 ***** 
 
 GAHRS & WHITAXER, manufacturers and wholesale and retail 
 dealers in all kinds of vfurniture, Chester, Illinois, 
 
 ***** 
 
 - Ill- 
 
FLORENCE 
 
 This place is situated in Township 6 south, of Range 
 7 west, some three miles northeast of Kaskaskia, and about 
 two miles from the Kaskaskia river. It has an elevated 
 situation, and surrounded by springs of pure water. The 
 region in which this village is situated has many natural 
 advantages. It has a heavy growth of excellent timber, and 
 a fertile soil, adapted to the cultivation of all the vege- 
 tables, grains, grasses and fruits peculiar to southern 
 Illinois, The Kaskaskia river which is now navigated by 
 small steamers during the greater portion of the year, 
 serves as a highway for the transportation of its surplus 
 produce. 
 
 In 1852, George Ellis purchased a portion of the old 
 Hunt farm, erected a house and opened a store, A post of- 
 fice was also established, and Mr. Fllis appointed Postmaster, 
 During the same year, a Union Meeting House was erected, 
 and a school house having been previously built, the place 
 began to assume the air of a village. Mr, Ellis now had 
 his land surveyed into town lots, and the place was called 
 "Ellis Grove". 
 
 In 1855, the Baptists erected a large meeting house. 
 This church is well attended, and the society is in a flour - 
 ishing condition. Rev. W. R. McClure is the present pastor. 
 
 Mr. Ellis» Store being destroyed by fire, in 1857, he 
 sold his property in the place and removed to urbana. Mr, 
 William Crawford now removed to the place and took charge of 
 the post office, and opened a small stock of goods. A shoe 
 shop was soon after established, a cooper shop has since 
 been built, and Messrs. Buckman & Peters are erecting a stor^ 
 house in which they intend to open a dry good store during 
 the coming fall. In all probability a brisk trade will be 
 conducted in Florence at no distant day. 
 
 Township 6 South, Range 8 west— Florence 
 
 Andrews, Charles, farmer 
 
 Brown, Peter, 
 Besson, Joseph 
 Bansen, Clark 
 Brewer, John W. 
 Burkhardt, John 
 Brown, Pias, 
 Boyle, Wm. 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 
 ii 
 
 it 
 cooper 
 farmer 
 
 Cecil, F. S. farmer 
 Cecil, Piers R. D, , » 
 Chenoux, Mitchell, (Che-nu) 
 
 farmer 
 Chenoux, Joseph, farmer 
 
 -112- 
 
 Davis, John 
 Deninger, George 
 Derouse, Charles 
 Derouse, Louis C . 
 Derouse, Pierre R. 
 Derouse, josej>h J, 
 Derouse, Francis J, 
 
 farmer 
 ii 
 
 Fisher, James G. " 
 Fisher, Archibald « 
 Fisher, Henry « 
 
 Gradie, Amos 
 
 Glain, Elizabeth 
 
 Gentry, jas. C., wagonmaker 
 
 Gerner, Andrew, farmer & cooper 
 
Hamilton, Bridget W. farmer 
 
 Heckmann F. Gabriel, carpenter 
 
 Heckmann, Phillip, farmer 
 Heckmann, Matthew, « 
 Hargus, Jos. H. » 
 Hargus, Hamilton « 
 
 Jones, Armestead, " 
 James Griffith » 
 
 Kaler, George, 
 
 Mudd, Felix, 
 McGuire, V/illiam 
 
 Pavard, Etienne 
 Penney, Joseph, 
 Phigley, William 
 
 Roberts, S. V. 
 Roots, George 
 
 Snider, Phillip, 
 
 Thomson, L. R. 
 Tilman, Charles 
 
 Will, Joseph, 
 Will, Daniel 
 
 farmer 
 
 Opperman, Grispard, farmer 
 
 * * * * -:<'- * 
 
 Advertisements 
 
 Arazi Andrews — John L. Fdwards, Andrews & Fdwards, dealers 
 in every variety of Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, Varnijhes 
 Dye-stuffs, Window Glass, Spirit gas, Alcohol, Turpentina, 
 Books and stationery, Jewelry, Perfumery, Notions, &C. 
 Chester, 111. 
 
 ****** 
 
 Thomas G. Allen, Attorney and Counselor. Will practice law 
 in the Circuits comprising Randolph and adjoining counties. 
 Also, in the Supreme Court of the state, and in the United 
 States District and Circuit Courts. Residence and Office. 
 Chester, Illinois. 
 
 * -M- » * # fl- 
 
 ames C. Holbrook, Attorney and Counselor at Law, and 
 Notary Public, Chester, Illinois, office in the court house. 
 Will practice in Randolph and adjoining counties, and Supreme 
 Court in Illinois, and United States Courts, &c. 
 
 ****** 
 
 Thomas S. Morrison, attorney and counselor at law; office 01 
 Sparta Street, Chester, Randolph County, Illinois, 
 
 ****** 
 
 Harvey Nevell, attorney at law, Chester, 111. Residence in 
 Chester. 
 
 *113- 
 
LAFAYETTE 
 
 Is situated on the left bank of the Kaskaskia river, 
 about ten miles above Evansville. It was laid off at quite 
 an early day, although there was not much business done 
 there in consequence of its isolation, until a recent day, 
 when the successful navigation of the stream on which it 
 stands, linking it in the chain of communication with other 
 places, rendered it an important shipping point. 
 
 Large quantities of grain are shipped from this place 
 and conveyed to the Mississippi river, there to be trans- 
 ported to different markets; and a large share of the flour 
 manufactured at Red Bud is shipped from this point. 
 
 Also, a considerable is done here in the lumber business 
 and something in the dry goods line; a store of this des- 
 cription and a saw mill being in operation. 
 
 * # * * * * 
 
 Advertisements 
 
 Raymond Wheerly, dealer in Clocks, watches, jewelry, specta- 
 cles, Gold Pens, etc. watches and clocks repaired at short 
 notice, and warranted. Shop in Chester, on the Hill, near th< 
 Court House. 
 
 ****** 
 
 D. Block & Bro., Wholesale & Retail Grocers; dealers in 
 foreign and domestic liquors. Chester, Illinois 
 
 * * * * * * 
 
 C. Was sell, merchant tailor, and dealer in Gentlemen* s 
 furnishing goods. No. 2 Swanwick's Row. Chester, Illinois. 
 
 ****** 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Store. I offer for sale, at my two 
 places of business, near the Court House, in Chester, a good,, 
 new, and well assorted stock of Goods, consisting in part of 
 Men's Boots and Shoes; Ladies', Misses', and Children's bootj. 
 Shoes, and Gaiters; family Groceries; Hardware, Queensware, 
 Nails, Cedarware, Stoneware, Tobacco, Notions. Toys. 
 
 Also, a large assortment of Baskets, from a very fine 
 article to the strong feed basket. Whisky by the barrel and 
 half barrel, together with other articles too tedious to men- 
 tion. Goods will be exchanged for merchantable produce, and 
 the best prices paid, by A. PHILIPP, Chester, Sept. 17, 1853 
 
 -114- 
 
P £ E S T N 
 
 James Patterson settled upon the town site of preston 
 in 1804, and opened a farm. In 1816, washing ton sterrit 
 bought the farm, and lived upon it until 1820, when he sold 
 it to John Rankin, who shortly afterwards sold to James 
 Pollock. lAr. Pollock r»stablished a tan yard in 1825, and 
 for several years carried on an extensive business in that 
 line. Samuel B. Strenky opened a store in 1833, Two years 
 afterwards, Pollock & Bratney opened a store — the second one 
 in the place. In 1836, James Pollock laid off his land into 
 town lots, from which the town may date its existence. 
 
 It has always been an unobtrusive, quiet town, furnish- 
 ing such acccomraodations as the surrounding country demanded. 
 It has usually consisted of a church, store, post office, 
 blacksmith shop, hotel, and a physician. 
 
 Its history consists chiefly in the church. Rev. s. 
 Brown, of Kentucky, visited the Irish Settlement about the 
 year 1810, and organized the congregation, some time after- 
 wards, Rev. S. Crothers visited the congregation and 
 preached a short time. But the church could claim no more 
 than a nominal existence until the year 1818, when Rev. 
 Samuel \vylJe wcs regularly installed pastor of the church. 
 When his services were secured a church building was erected, 
 probably the first Protestant church in Illinois. It was 
 built of logs, in the usual style of all houses in those 
 days. The house was erected and finished for use in two 
 days. Rev. Samuel Wylie was succi ded in the ministerial 
 charge of this congregation, and continued in that station 
 until 1829. In 18?i, a ev. S^ C Baldridge succeeded to the 
 charge, and remained five years. He was succeeded by Rev. 
 Jamee McAuley, in 1840, the congregation having been without 
 a pastor during an interval of four years. The large church 
 edifice was erected in 1842. Rev. M. .M. Brown became pastor 
 of the church in 1849, end remained until 1854. The year 
 following Rev. James W. Glenn cook charge of the congrega- 
 tion, and he is yet the pastor. 
 
 This is the mother of Associate Reformed Churches in 
 Illinois. 
 
 Union Church, located three miles south of Sparta, 
 was a branch of the Preston Church. Rev. John Reynolds and 
 Alexander Porter, from 1826, occasionally preached in c 
 school house in the neighborhood. Rev. s. C. Baldridge was 
 chosen pastor in 1830, and organized the church. The year 
 after, the brick church* now standing, was erected. Arthur 
 Parks, Maxwell McCormack, and William McKee, were the firsfc 
 Ruling Flders. In later years this chirch has been supply 
 with preaching by the minister of the spcrta church. 
 
 -115- 
 
TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH. RANGE 7 WFST-- PRESTON 
 
 Anderson, James W. farmer 
 Ahuhizer, John, farmer 
 Alexander, John, " 
 
 Barnett, Corydon, M 
 Beatte, Robert T. " 
 Berthall, Daniel » 
 Been, James A,, surveyor 
 Been, Ev M. , farmer 
 Beatte, Charles, « 
 Blam, John » 
 Bratney, J, B., merchant & 
 justice of the peace 
 Bratney, R. N. farmer 
 Bratney, J, C. teacher 
 
 Carr, Abner, farmer 
 Campbell, James C 
 Campbell, James 
 Campbe 11 , John C . 
 Canck, James B. 
 Cochran, M. E., 
 Crozi.er, A. H. 
 
 Dashner, Peter 
 Detinhifer, Henry 
 Douglas, John 
 Douglas, S. B., 
 
 Fayett, Francis, » 
 
 Greer, Hemp A., » 
 Glenn, James v., Rev, 
 Glasgow, John, farmer 
 Greer, Jefferson, » 
 Gray, William, » 
 Gray, James » 
 Gucher, 'Frederick, « 
 Glessner, Lawrence " 
 
 Hacket, George W. 
 Haynes, v/illiam L, 
 Homrail, Jacob 
 Hommil, Nicholas 
 Henderson, M. M. 
 Hinchback, Godfrey 
 Hill, Samuel 
 Hogg, Archibald 
 Haly, William 
 
 Johns, Robert 
 
 Karr, Richard, farmer 
 
 Kemper, Christian « 
 
 Kelly, James " 
 
 Kinsler, Jacob " 
 
 Kook, Philip " 
 
 Loughart, John, . »' 
 
 Long, Henry n 
 
 Mann, James, 
 
 Mann, Robert C. 
 
 Mann, w. M. 
 
 Mann, C. P. 
 
 Mann, L. A. 
 
 Mann, R. H. 
 
 Monn, v/illiam C, blacksmith 
 
 Mann, R. c. farmer 
 
 Iv,;.ller, S. B. 
 
 Miller, josiah 
 
 Morrow, James F. 
 
 McAuly, D. T., Rev. 
 
 Mccormack, George 
 
 McCormack, A. A. 
 
 Mccormack, James C. , 
 
 McCocrd, William 
 
 Mccarty, John H. 
 
 McDonald, Thomas 
 
 Nifong, Francis, 
 
 Oberly, Martin 
 
 Pollock, T. C. 
 Pollock, James 
 Pollock, W. W. 
 Patterson, James 
 Prebley, Robert 
 Pritty, Jacob 
 
 Ratliff, John 
 Ratliff , John Jr. 
 Ratliff, Daniel 
 Ray, Adam 
 Regnault, William 
 Rath, Leonard 
 
 Shappell, Nicholas, 
 Shu line, John 
 Smith, Theresa 
 Stolle, Gustavo 
 Stevenson, William 
 
 ■116- 
 
Spurgeon, 
 
 Lewis farmer 
 
 Stanly, George 
 
 u 
 
 Skinner, , 
 
 John 
 
 ti 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 James B. 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 John B. 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 Adam H. 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 William 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 Archibald 
 
 C.» 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 John C. 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 John R. 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 James 
 
 it 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 A. J* , 
 
 ii 
 
 Thompson, 
 
 Robert M. 
 
 ii 
 
 Wunderley, Martin, farmer 
 Wilson, Ed. H. 
 wettenbrink, Maxwell 
 Wyley, John 
 Wiley, Joseph 
 Wiley, oamuel 
 Wright.. Isaac jr. 
 Wright, jolin K. 
 Williamson, J. K. 
 Wright, A. C 
 
 TOWNSHIP 4 SOUTH. RANGE 7 WK.'J— BURNFTTJ S 
 
 Adams, Samuel B. , 
 
 farmer 
 
 Hill, w. M. 
 
 farmer 
 
 Allen, /ndrew 
 
 n 
 
 Hill, John 
 
 ii 
 
 Allen, William 
 
 it 
 
 Harden, Frederick 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 Hay, Bartholomew 
 
 n 
 
 Bessen, George, 
 
 ii 
 
 Hoppe, Michael A. 
 
 n 
 
 Bilycri, Michael, 
 
 it 
 
 Hulcher, William 
 
 n 
 
 Bern, William 
 
 ti 
 
 
 
 Bern, James A. 
 
 ti 
 
 Keller, Andrew 
 
 ii 
 
 Black, Thome o 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 Barbeck, Thomas 
 
 it 
 
 Lemingj Joseph E. 
 
 ii 
 
 Boak, Godlip, 
 
 it 
 
 Leraing, Thomas 
 
 ii 
 
 Bowers, Aaron 
 
 ti 
 
 Lemingj Hamilton 
 
 ii 
 
 Boyd, John II. 
 
 i» 
 
 Liddy, Timothy 
 
 ii 
 
 Boyd, John V. 
 
 ii 
 
 Laws on, David 
 
 ii 
 
 Boyle, Thomas 
 
 it 
 
 Lyons, Joseph 
 
 ii 
 
 Boyle, John 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 Bean, Reuben 
 
 ii 
 
 Mabe, Larkin, 
 
 ii 
 
 Burghans, Edwin 
 
 ti 
 
 Mathews, Robert 
 
 ti 
 
 Burnett, Alexander 
 
 ii 
 
 Marvin, William 0. 
 
 n 
 
 Burnett, Andrew 
 
 ii 
 
 Marvin, Joseph M. 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 Montgomery, Joseph 
 
 ti 
 
 Campbell, Thomas, 
 
 H 
 
 Mudd, William 
 
 u 
 
 Cox, Absalom 
 
 II 
 
 McKurdo, Thomas 
 
 u 
 
 Cox, William 
 
 II 
 
 Mulherrn, Luke 
 
 ii 
 
 Cox, Joseph M. 
 
 If 
 
 McAuley, James 
 
 i» 
 
 Cowan, James 
 
 II 
 
 McAuley, George W. , 
 
 n 
 
 Cowan, John J. 
 
 II 
 
 McDonald, James H* 
 
 ti 
 
 
 
 lie for mack, James C. 
 
 n 
 
 Dannuse, Lewis, 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 Douglas, A. T. 
 
 II 
 
 Nelson, William R. 
 
 it 
 
 Doaly, John 
 
 II 
 
 Nelson, George W. 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 Nelson, Robert L. 
 
 ti 
 
 Ewing, Charles, 
 
 II 
 
 Nelson, John A. 
 
 ti 
 
 Ewing, William J. 
 
 II 
 
 Newel, James 
 
 it 
 
 Hays, George, 
 
 II 
 
 O'Harra, Henry, 
 
 it 
 
 Hents, Christian 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 Henderson, M. G. 
 
 II 
 
 
 
 117- 
 
TOWNSHIP 4 SOUTH. RANGE 7 WEST—BURNETT j 8 
 
 Preston, Robert H. farmer Taylor, Charles W. farmer 
 
 and justice of the peace Thompson, Archie, " 
 
 Preston, David C, farmer • Thompson, A. W. « 
 
 Preston, William B. " T'wapson, Daniel C. " 
 
 Rhule., Frederick, 
 
 81 
 
 Rhule, Jared 
 
 11 
 
 . • . . '■••••■ ■ . • 
 Scjdder* i.^aac Jr. 
 
 ft 
 
 Scudder,rH«~«nry- ' 
 
 tl 
 
 ^KShanback, Ernest 
 
 II 
 
 Snodgrass, John M. 
 
 fl 
 
 Spitz, Conrad 
 
 II 
 
 Stockwell, John 
 
 II 
 
 Stively, Voluntine 
 
 11 
 
 T-iOiir son, James " 
 
 Ih")upson, Robert « 
 
 # Tet.bcrt, V/esly « 
 
 Weidling, William 
 Wilson, Absalom 
 Wilson 
 
 ADVERTISFMFNT8 
 
 JOHN B, BRATNEY would respectfully call attention to his 
 well assorted Stock of DRY-GOODS, which he proposes to 
 sell on terms that will induce the people of PRESTON AND 
 VICINITY to purchase of him. In his store will be found 
 an assortment of BOOTS & SHOES suited especially to the 
 wants of his customers. All kind.--: of GROCERIES, SUGAR, 
 COFFEE, MOLASSES, TEA, MACKEREL, RICE, PEPPER, SPICES. 
 TOBACCO, &C, constantly on hand. 2\ery article usually 
 wanted in the community, will be found in his store. All 
 kinds of Merchantable Produce wanted in exchange for goods. 
 Preston, 111. 
 
 ******* 
 
 CHESTER HOTEL. Mrs. E. T. & Mr. A. A. Anderson, Proprie- 
 tors. On Front Street, one square above the wharf -boat. 
 A good stable in connection with the House. McCutcheon»s 
 Hacks leave this house daily for Sparta. 
 
 ** * tt * * * * 
 
 BANK OF CHESTER. The Bank of Chester allows interest to 
 Time Depositors; buys and sells Fxchange on the principal 
 cities of the United States; makes Collections, and does a 
 general Banking Business. C. Miltonberger, cashier. 
 
 ******* 
 
 CHAS. J. CHILDS,M.D., Physician, surgeon, and Obstetrician* 
 Office opposite the Store of J. H. & G. S. Jones. Chester, IlL 
 
 * * * * * * * 
 JAMES H. WATT, Attorney & Counselor at Law; Chester, 111. 
 Office in the Court House. 
 
SHILOH HILL 
 
 About the years 1851-2, Mr, Durkee began selling 
 goods at Gillespie »s Prairie, which he continued until he 
 was succeeded by s. P. Mace, in 1856. Mace conducted the 
 business until 1858, when he discontinued, and Mr. James 
 Pickett opened a store, and is now merchandizing in that 
 neighborhood. In the autumn of the year 1856, there was 
 a sale of lots which had been previously laid off, and 
 which belonged to the eighty acre tract ceded by the Legis- 
 lature of Illinois to the people of this neighborhood, for 
 the purpose of establishing a College, to be entitled 
 "Shiloh College", a charter for the College being given at 
 the same time. 
 
 A good school has been supported for a number of years 
 at this place, although as yet they have no building fitted 
 for conducting a school of high grade; yet, as the country 
 is improving rapidly, and gaining strength with age, and 
 the inhabitants in general being of industrious habits and 
 literary turn of mind, we may safely predict that ere long 
 a Seminary of high character will be in successful operation, 
 
 The progress of the times will also demand that a town 
 of more or less importance shall arise, that the people may 
 dispose of their marketing, and obkrii' their purchases with- 
 out the inconvenience of traveling to a distant place. 
 
 SHILOH HILL DIRECTORY 
 
 Township 7 South, Range 5 West — Shiloh Hill 
 
 Barrow, Newton, farmer 
 Bilderback, James F. ! ' 
 Bilderback, William H » 
 Broughton, Abel' 
 Burke, T. C. 
 Burke, J. K. 
 Burke, John B. 
 Burke, E. B. 
 Butler, Leaman 
 
 Caruthers, John Dr. 
 Cannady, Fmanuel, 
 Carson, David 
 Chapman, Jeremiah 
 Clark, John 
 Clifford Cunningham 
 Crisler, Owen P. 
 Crisler, William 
 
 Dennis, John W. 
 Dennis, R. F. 
 
 Emery, Steven, wagonmaker 
 Fmery, Henry farmer 
 I'mery, John » 
 
 Imery. Robert blacksmith 
 Erchelmann, Henry farmer 
 
 Fray, Moses « 
 
 -119- 
 
 Gilespie, James 
 Glore, jeptha 
 Greer, John R. 
 Greenav/ault, Joseph 
 Gray, v/illiam 
 Gray, jasper 
 Gray, v/illiam B. 
 Gwin, James 
 Gwin, v/illiam C. 
 
 Halworth, Paul 
 Hagler, John 
 Hartman, Henry 
 Haney, Hiram 
 
farmer 
 it 
 
 Haney, Daniel 
 
 Haney, Douglas 
 
 Helmns, Henry " 
 
 Hobbs, R. S. ,f 
 
 Houseman. J. M. " 
 Hornbustle, John H. » 
 
 Husband, Harmon " 
 
 Ireland, Martin, Justice 
 
 of the Peace 
 Ireland, A. T., blacksmith 
 
 Jones, John C, farmer 
 Johnson, Isaac, R. » 
 Johnson, William L. » 
 Johnson, John C. " 
 
 Kelly, Thomas 
 Knope, John F. 
 Knope, Henry F. 
 
 Lancaster, William, M 
 
 Lindenberg, Clement « 
 
 Lowery, Hugh " 
 
 Leatterdell, Hugh » 
 
 Mace, S. P. , merchant 
 Moore, Francis , farmer 
 Mardin, John S. " 
 McCankey, Robert » 
 McLaughlin, James Sr. farmer 
 McLaughlin, James Jr. » 
 McLaughlin H. H. « 
 M cLaughlin.John W. " 
 McNeill, Robert » 
 McNeill, Harvey » 
 
 # * # * # 
 
 Neely, John farmer 
 Neal, Thomas F. " 
 
 Parkhill, John, •» 
 
 Peters, F. C. " 
 
 Pister, John » 
 
 Pillers, Andrew J, " 
 
 Pierson, William " 
 
 Reed, William Vf. •» 
 Rickenberg, Detrick « 
 
 Sasse, Adolph " 
 Sheldan, D. " 
 Short, William A. farmer & 
 
 carpenter 
 Shaffer, John H. farmer 
 Simmons, George « 
 Steele, Wilson " 
 Steele, Alfred 
 Steele, John T. 
 Steele, Andrew 
 Steele, John M. 
 Stone, Joseph 
 Stone, John 
 
 Thompson, Andrew 
 Tudar, Thomas 
 
 Vowel, wylie, 
 Vowel, Jason 
 
 Walder, Conrad 
 Welga, Henry 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT' . 
 
 BOSTON STORE, Front Street, Chester, HI. MAMMOTH STOCK. 
 JOSEPH BEARE, who would respectfully announce to the citizens 
 of Randolph, Perry, and Jackson, that he has now on hand, 
 o*>e of the largest and most complete stocks of Goods ever 
 offered in Southern Illinois, consisting in part of every 
 description of plain and fancy Dry-goods, Clothing, Cloths, 
 Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Shirts, Shawls, Mantillas, 
 Delanes, Tweeds, Jeans; Black. Fancy, and Figured Silks: 
 English, French, German, and American Prints; Bonnets of the 
 Finest of Texture and Latest Styles; A No. 1 article of 
 Coffee, Sugar, Tea & Tobacco, Salt, Hardware, Queensware, 
 Stoneware, and a thousand and one other articles not enumer- 
 ated, which will be disposed of cheap for cash or country 
 produce. Also, a large lot of pine and cypress shingles, 
 White and Yellow Pine, and Dressed Flooring. Having pur- 
 chased my stock upon the "Cash System". I can afford and I 
 am determined to sell, EXTREMELY LOW, FOR CASH. 
 
 -120- 
 
CAMPTOWN 
 
 On the completion of the Randolph County Plank Road 
 in 1854, a toll gate was established about two miles from 
 Chester. The next year Mr. G. S. Rust being appointed gate 
 keeper, erected a building and commenced selling goods. 
 Mr. Rust soon after purchased a fractional part of Mr. 
 Smith's farm which was cut off by the plank Road, which he 
 has recently laid off into lots and sold to private bidders. 
 
 A hotel was built by Mr. G* S. Rust in the spring of 
 1858. A workshop was also built by Rust & Farly for the 
 purpose of manufacturing and repairing farmer's implements. 
 
 During the past season Mr. Alexander Lockead and Mr. 
 H. A. Crawford have erected for themselves neat and sub- 
 stantial dwelling houses. Some other dwellings are in con- 
 templation. 
 
 # Mr # * M- * 
 
 TOV/NSHIP TREASURERS 
 
 David Munford, Treasurer 
 
 John Me chan, ' •' 
 
 Marshal w. Doggett " 
 
 Harmon Husband « 
 
 Samuel Clendenin '» 
 
 William Rutherford » 
 
 James Parks, Acting" 
 
 Edv/ard Campbell " 
 
 Isaac Rust " 
 
 Samuel fc&nsker « 
 
 Francis Boyle « 
 
 John B. Brantney « 
 
 Wiley Roberts « 
 
 R. B. Servant " 
 
 J. R. Allen »« 
 
 H. D. Simpson » 
 
 Charles Tilman '« 
 
 Never was organized 
 
 William Henry » 
 
 The greater part of this Township 
 is in Monroe County, and the Treasurer, 0. M. Matingly, 
 resides in Monroe county; his post office adaress I have 
 not learned. Mr. Bricky, of Prairie du Rocher, has trans 
 acted business for him. 
 
 Town. 
 
 4 
 
 S, 
 
 R, 
 
 5 W. 
 
 ii 
 
 5 
 
 ii 
 
 it 
 
 5 '» 
 
 it 
 
 6 
 
 ii 
 
 tt 
 
 5 « 
 
 ti 
 
 7 
 
 ii 
 
 ti 
 
 5 « 
 
 ti 
 
 8 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
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 4 
 
 ti 
 
 M 
 
 6 " 
 
 it 
 
 5 
 
 it 
 
 
 6 », 
 
 it 
 
 6 
 
 tt 
 
 ft 
 
 6 »• 
 
 ii 
 
 7 
 
 ii 
 
 It 
 
 6 « 
 
 ii 
 
 8 
 
 ii 
 
 If 
 
 6 " 
 
 it 
 
 4 
 
 it 
 
 If 
 
 7 '« 
 
 TI 
 
 5 
 
 it 
 
 
 7 « 
 
 it 
 
 6 
 
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 7 » 
 
 h 
 
 7 
 
 it 
 
 
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 4 
 
 it 
 
 
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 it 
 
 5 
 
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 •121- 
 
COURT DIRECTORY 
 
 Court of Common Pleas. — Organized 1795* 
 
 Names of judges 
 
 John Edgar 
 William Morrison 
 Pierre Menard 
 Robert McMahon 
 George Fisher 
 John Beard 
 
 Robert Reynolds 
 
 Nathaniel Hull 
 Antoine Louvier 
 John Grovenier 
 James Finney 
 Samuel Cochran 
 
 This Court was superseded in 1809 by the County Court, 
 composed of justices of the Peace, three of whom were nece? 
 sary to constitute a quorum. 
 
 justices' Names 
 
 Phillip Fouke 
 Henry Lev ens 
 William Arundel 
 Samuel 0»Melveny 
 John McFerren 
 Paul Harrelston 
 
 navid Anderson 
 Archibald Thompson 
 John Phelps 
 Alexander Wilson 
 Robert Gaston 
 
 The County Court was superceded by the 
 Court of Common Pleas in 1811 
 
 Names of judges 
 
 John McFerren 
 William Morrison 
 James Finney 
 David Anderson 
 Phillip Fouke 
 
 George Fisher 
 Archibald Thompson 
 Antoine L. Chenett 
 Miles Hotchkiss 
 Pierre Lacampte 
 
 The County Commissioners! Court-- Fstablished in 1819. 
 
 1819- 
 1820- 
 1822- 
 1824- 
 1825- 
 1826- 
 1827- 
 1828- 
 1830- 
 1832- 
 1634- 
 1835- 
 1636- 
 1838- 
 183 9-, 
 1841- 
 
 Names of Commissioners 
 
 -Curtis G^5m, David Anderson, James Patterson. 
 -David Anderson, James Thompson, Miles Hotchkiss 
 -Gabriel Jones, Francois Menard, John Miller 
 -Arthur Parks, Josiah Betts, Franklin P. Owen. 
 -Arthur Parks, Josiah Betts, John C.-Crozier. 
 -Arthur Parks, h. H. Fleming, Pierre R. Derouse. 
 -R. H. Fleming, Pierre R. Derouse, James s. Guthrie. 
 -James £. Guthrie, Thomas Roberts, Felix St. Vrain. 
 •Thomas Roberts, William G. Hizer, John Thompson 
 -Thomas Roberts, William G. Hizer, John G. Nelson. 
 •John G. Nelson, James Gillespie, James s. Guthrie 
 ■John G. Nelson, James Gillespie, Robert Clark. 
 ■James O'Harra, Gabriel Jones, William G. Hizer. 
 •William G. Hizer, Samuel Douglas, Harvey Clendenin. 
 •William G. Hizer, Harvey Clendenin, Lawson Murphy. 
 Harvey Clendenin, Lawson Murphy, Henry 0»Harra. 
 -122- 
 
1842 — Harvey Clendenin, Henry CMHarra, John Mann. 
 1844— John Mann, Edward Campbell, wm. McBride. 
 
 The Record from 1844 to 1048 was destroyed by fire. 
 
 Under the existing Constitution of Illinois, which 
 went into operation in 1848, the County Court superseded 
 the County Commissioners* Court. 
 
 1849 — John Campbell, County Judge- 
 Reuben Bailey, Associate justice 
 John Brewer, " " 
 
 1853 — William P. Haskin, County Judge 
 
 James Gillespie, Associate justice 
 Samuel B. Adams, " " 
 
 1854 — A vacancy occurring in 1854 by the death of Judge 
 Haskin, Richard B. Servant was elected for the re- 
 mainder of the term. 
 
 1857 — John Campbell, County Judge 
 
 James Gillespie, Associate justice 
 William Mudd, » « 
 
 Court of Quarter Sessions 
 
 This Court was composed of justices of the Peace, 
 and held its sessions once in three months — hence the name 
 of "Quarter Sessions." 
 
 General Court 
 
 Upon the organization of Illinois Territory, in 1809 
 a higher Court, called the General Court, was established. 
 The following named gentlemen appear to have acted as Judges 
 of this Court, viz: 
 
 Jesse B. Thomas William sprigg 
 
 Obadiah Jones John Reynolds 
 
 Alexander Stuart Daniel P. Cook 
 
 Stanley Griswoid John warnock. 
 
 Supreme Court 
 
 The Supreme Court of Illinois held its first session 
 in Kaskaskia, in 1819. Upon the records pertaining to 
 Randolph County, the following named gentlemen appear to 
 have acted as Judges, viz: 
 
 Joseph Phillips Theophilus W. Smith 
 
 Richard M . Young Samuel D. Lockwood 
 
 Thomas Reynolds Thomas C. Browne 
 
 John Reynolds 
 
 -123- 
 
Circuit Court 
 
 The Judiciary of Illinois was remodeled and reorganized 
 in 1835, at which time the Circuit Court was established. 
 
 Names of Judges 
 
 1835 Sidney Breese 1849 w. H. Underwood 
 
 1843 James Shields 1855 Sidney Breese 
 1845 Gustavus Kocrner 1858 H.K.S. OHielveny 
 
 Probate Court 
 
 This Court, w£s established under the Constitution of 
 1818. Curtis Ganx* was appointed Probate judge, and held 
 
 the office ten years. He was succeeded by Hunt, who 
 
 remained in office but a short time; and he was succeeded 
 by James Thompson, who held the office seventeen years in 
 succession — until the adoption of the new constitution in 
 1848, since which time the County judge has been ex-officio 
 Judge of the Probate Court. 
 
 Sheriffs of Randolph County 
 
 1801 James Edgar 1838 John Campbell 
 
 1803 George Fisher 1648 John A. Wilson 
 
 1805 James Gilbreath 1850 Jno. P. Thompson 
 
 1806 Benjamin Stevens 185^ Sevenain St. Vrain 
 1814 Henry Conner 1854 John Campbell 
 1821 Samuel c Crlsty 10fG Sevenain St. Vrain 
 1823 T.J.V. Owens lBbti Anthony steole 
 1828 Ignatius Sprigg 
 
 Clerks of the General and Circuit Courts 
 
 V/. C. Greenup John M. Langlois 
 
 James Hughs Charles Kane 
 
 V/illiam Gutherie E. Leavenworth 
 
 James Quin James M. Ralls 
 
 Clerks of the Common Pleas and County court 
 
 1795 Robert Morrison 1841 F. Maxwell 
 
 1809 v-m. c. Greenup 1815 John w. Gillis 
 
 1827 Miles A. Hotchkiss 1051 James M. Cole 
 
 183*; Jc-mes Hughs 1853 Isaac H. Nelson 
 1838 A. J. Dickison 
 
 County Surveyors 
 James Thompson James B. parks 
 
 Samuel G. Thompson James Thompson 
 Ferdinand Humphreys Joseph Noel 
 Ezekiel W. Robbins 
 
 •124- 
 
Members of the Randolph County Bar 
 
 Thomas G. Allen 
 Francis B. Anderson 
 James C. Holbrook 
 E. G. Hallowell 
 
 John Michan 
 W. P. Murphy 
 Tiioi.R.3 S. Morrison 
 James H. Watt 
 
 County Officers 
 
 John Campbell, County Judge 
 James Gillespie, Associate 
 
 Justice 
 Williem Mudd, » » 
 Isaac H. Nelson, Clerk County 
 
 Court 
 James M. Ralls, Clerk Circuit 
 Court and Recorder 
 
 Joseph Noel, surveyor 
 
 James Thompson, Deputy Sur- 
 veyor 
 
 Hugh B. Nisbet, Treasurer 
 and Assessor 
 
 Eli Lofton, school Commis- 
 sioner 
 
 Kaskaskia Pr»ct 
 
 Chester Precinct 
 
 Liberty Precinct 
 
 Mill Creek 
 
 Georget»n Prcc»t 
 
 Sparta Precinct 
 
 Burnett's Prec»t 
 
 Precinct Officers 
 
 John Stype, Justice of the Peace 
 Louis Derouse " tt 
 Edv/ard Boocherie, Constable 
 James Hunt, Constable 
 
 Felix Hughs, Justice of the peace 
 Leonard Crisler « n 
 H. M . Crawford " " 
 
 Amos Taggart, Constable 
 Amos Ditty w 
 John Harmon, Jr. » 
 
 Alex. Barber, justice of the peace 
 B'.. J. V'ard " h 
 
 W. B. Jernigan, Constable 
 
 S. P. Mace, justice of the Peace 
 Martin Irelr.nd, justice of the Peace 
 Isaac R. Johnson, Constable 
 Flijah Stokes 
 
 fl. G# Sov/erby, justice of the peace 
 Mathias R. Ray, justice of the Peace 
 Cyrus E. Robbison, Constable 
 John T. Steele 
 
 John Taylor, Justice of the Peace 
 W. R. Brov/n 
 
 Hugh C. Gault, Constable 
 Andrew Wilson 
 
 R. H. Preston, Justice of tho Peace 
 J. J. Borders, « » 
 
 William North, Constable 
 James McMillan, « 
 
 -125- 
 
Union Precinct John R. Adams, Justice of the Peace 
 
 Nathaniel Smith, " «J 
 John F. Outen, Constable 
 Charles G. Gore * » 
 
 Pr. du Rocher Wro. Henry, Justice of the Peace 
 
 John Brewer, " " 
 
 Evansville Prec't J. A. Douglas, justice of the Peace 
 
 J, B. Bratney, » " 
 
 John M. Thompson, Constable 
 A. C. Wright, Constable 
 
 Chester City R. B. Servant, Justice of the Peace 
 
 Gabriel Jones » « 
 
 Thomas H. Callaway, Constable 
 John C. McQuiston, " 
 
 ■h- # ***'#*'-* 
 
 Advertisements 
 
 A, S. PALMER, Wholesale and Retc.il Dealer in plain and 
 ornamental furniture. Bureaus, Bedsteads, Tables, Desks, 
 Secretaries, Scfes, Sofas, Lounges, Mattresses, Cribs, 
 Bookcases, vardrobes, Chairs, Churns, Mirrors, Clocks, and 
 Trimmings. In short, every description of furniture, 
 clocks ?:C, &C. Front Street, Brick Roy/, nearly opposite 
 Wharf boat. Chester, Illinois, we will sell as cheap as 
 any other house, In the Western Country, and v/arrant all 
 that we sell. "Nuf sed," A. S. palmer. 
 
 # -ft # ■»• * * # * # 
 
 1859 THE BUCKEYE HOUSE, By John C. M'Quiston, Chester, 111. 
 -ft -ft ■}{■ * # -:<• ■«• # # 
 
 PLANTER'S HOUSE, Corner Front and Angle streets, Chester, 
 Illinois, WILLIAM t fcBSAfflS j proprietor, stable in connec- 
 tion with the house .">***, /&AsLdju 
 
 ■ft -ft -ft -ft -ft -ft -ft # -ft 
 
 TWO. MILE HOUSE, Camp town, Illinois. The undersigned is 
 prepared to accommodate customers day or night, in the most 
 satisfactory manner. He intends to keep as good a house as 
 can be found in the country. Horses kept by the day or week, 
 on reasonable terms. G. S. RUST 
 
 ?«* 
 
 
 ■ft ^ ^ -ft •«■ -ft -ft # -ft 
 
 ILLINOIS HOUSE, opposite wharf Boat, Chester, Illinois. 
 Travelers will find this a convenient and pleasant stopping- 
 place. Bakery in connection with this House. 
 C. HORN, Proprietor. 
 
 -126- 
 * (probe bly should be Glore instead of Gore, E.P.L.) 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 The Quickest ;.nd most Relii ble, and at the same time, 
 the most Efficacious and Pleasant /rticle ever Employed 
 for the Hair, is PROF. 0. J. WOOD'S HAIR RESTORATIVE. 
 Read and Believe. 
 
 The "New York Day Book says: "The majority of Hair 
 Fashes, Hair Dyes, Hair Tonics, Hair Oils, and the number- 
 less preparations which are now before the public under 
 such extravagant, hyperbolical, and fantastic titles, as we 
 see paraded in show window cards end newspaper headings, as 
 hair preparations, are all humbugs of the first *;ater; 
 their real merit, when they possess any, is: thr-.t they do 
 no harm. HOG'S LARD, WHALE OIL, LARD OIL. SWEE'l OIL, seem- 
 ed and colored, make up, when in beautiful wrappers and 
 white flint glass bottles, the costliest character of tonios; 
 and when thus costly, are baptized with some trisyllable 
 term, and caught at by verdant young and old of both sex*-.. 
 Such is not the character of Professor wood's Hair Restora- 
 tive. This gentleman comes before the world without any 
 "high falutin' Xilophlorium, or any other astounding and 
 startling catchpenny terms; he simply advertises a Hair 
 Restorative — what it expresses, precisely — and as a restora- 
 tive it acts. Buy Professor rood's Hair Restore tive, and as 
 you value your scalp, aye, your very brains, apply nothing 
 else; for it may be that you will get some worse substance 
 than perfumed lard oil on your cranium. — Remember, wood's 
 Restorative for the Hair is the best article extant." 
 IT WILL, BY NATURE'S OWN PROCESS, RESTORE GRAY HAIR TO THE 
 ORIGINAL COLOR I Will make it grow on Bald Heads; Will 
 restore the Natural Secretions; will remove at once all 
 itching; Will remove ail Dandruff; Will cure all eruptions — 
 even Scald Head; Will make the Hair Soft and Glossy; Will 
 make the old appear young again; Will preserve the Color of 
 Heir to old age; Will always Fasten it and stop its Falling; 
 and is one of the best Toilet /rticles for the Hair now in 
 use. Manufactured by 0. J. Wood & Co., and sold Wholesale 
 and Retail, at 444 Broadway, New York, and 114 Market St., 
 St. Louis, Mo. Also, sold by all Druggists in the City and 
 Country « SOLD IN CHESTJR BY 
 
 E. J. HALL AND EDWARDS & ANDREWS 
 
 ■jf Jf # ■}{• # n- 
 
 SPRING HILL ACCOMMODATION. The undersigned is making prepa- 
 rations to devote his exclusive attention to the entertain- 
 ment of those who favor him with fieir patronage at Spring 
 Hill. HIS TABLP will always be supplied in a style that will 
 render perfect' satisfaction to his guests. THE STABLE will 
 be furnished with Corn, Oats, and Hay, and kept in the best 
 of order o 
 
 J. M. BAIR 
 
 * * Mr 4t * # 
 
 -127- 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 ttARTIN DILLON, Dealer in Italian and American Marble. 
 monuments, tombstones, etc. Persons wishing to beautify 
 the last resting place of their departed friends with some- 
 thing neat, appropriate, and durable, can be accommodated 
 on the most reasonable terms, by application at my shop, 
 one door north of J. H* k G. S. Jones i Dry Goods Store, 
 Front Street, Chester, 111. As none but the BEST MATERIAL 
 is used, persons may rely on being furnished with the best 
 of material. The workmanship will be executed in the most 
 beautiful style. The public are invited to CcJ.j and ex- 
 amine specimens of his work. 
 
 *- * # # * # 
 
 C. LOUGHRAN 
 
 C, 
 
 andi:rso;\ t 
 
 LOUGHRAN & ANDERSON, Dealers in FANCY & STAPLE DRY-GCGI'S, 
 BONNETS, HATS AND CAPS, HOSIERY AND NOTIONS, BOOTS AND 
 SHOES, HARDWARE AND CUTLERY, GLASSWARE, AND QUFENSWARE: 
 together with TEN THOUSAND OTHER ARTICLES TOO NUMEROUS TO 
 MENTION. No. 17 Front Street, Chester, 111. 
 
 -If * * * -M- * 
 
 LIVFRY STABLE 
 
 C, I. HASKIN; ?.?ont St , Chester, 111. 
 
 Where may be courtan.'-ly found a $ood supu?,y of first class 
 Saddle Horses, . Prompi driving horses, open and topped bug- 
 gies, & carriage. , which will be let on the most reasonable 
 terms. Passengers conveyed to any point on short notice. 
 Horses fed by the day or week. 
 
 ****** 
 
 SHANNON HOUSE, Corner of Maine and St. Louis Streets, 
 Sparta, Illinois. 
 
 This well known First Class Hotel, having recently under- 
 gone repairs, now offers superior attractions to the travel- 
 ing public. Fully determined that every attention shall be 
 given to the wants of those who favor this House with their 
 patronage, the Proprietor respectfully solicits a call, 
 feeling satisfied that he will be able to render his guests 
 comfortable. Stages for St. Louis, Belleville, and Chester 
 leave this House daily. 
 
 J. F. GUTELIUS, Proprietor. 
 
 ****** 
 
 H* R. GUTHRIE, M . D. Office, Broad Street, Sparta, 111 
 
 ****** 
 -128- 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 SPARTA LIVERY STABLE. D. RIGDON & CO. 
 
 Would respectfully announce to the citizens of Sparta and 
 the public in general, that they are now prepared to accom- 
 modate all who may favor them with their patronage. Having 
 recently made large additions to their stock, they can now 
 accommodate all with Saddle Horses, Top & Open Buggies, and 
 Carriages, of a superior quality, and on the most reasonable 
 terms a Persons wishing to be conveyed to different points, 
 can be accommodated in good style, on the shortfLt notice. 
 Horses stabled and fed "by the day or week, 
 
 # # •?{• •}<• -ft # 
 
 SPARTA DRUG AND BOOK STORE. JOSITH FARNAN, wholesale and 
 retail dealer in Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, VaiTirhep, 
 Lamps, Books, Window Glass, Stationery, and Fancy Ar ^-V • 
 Patent Medicines; Paints, Oils, and Varnishes; Books anU 
 Stationery; Notions and Fancy Articles; window Glass, o; 
 the best quality. Also, paint, v&rn.ish and cloth brushes; 
 candies, spices, &c. Physicians and Country Merchants sup- 
 plied at a very small per cent, above St. Louis prices. 
 Prescriptions compounded at all hours, store on the corner 
 of St. Louis and Broad Streets. 
 
 -:<•-)*• -n- -* •}{■ ;:• 
 
 A SELECT STOCK OF DaY-GOODS, RIADY-MAD1 CLOTHING, GROCPRIES, 
 HARDWARE, QUEENPVA2E, AND CHINA 1 ™™. HATS AND CAPS, BOOTS 
 AND SHOES, &C . Kept constantly on hand by the undersigned, 
 MAIN STREET, SPARTA, For Sale Cheaper than the Cheapest. 
 All kinds of Produce will be taken in exchange for Goods 
 at Market prices. 
 
 J. B. Parks 
 
 •}{■ * •?*■ -*:- # 
 
 JOHN TAYLOR, City Recorder, Justice of the peace, and Note ry 
 Public; will attend to collecting claims on commission or 
 otherwise. Office at Broadway, Sparta, 111, Jurisdiction 
 as Recorder in debt or damages, $500 00. 
 
 # # # * .{■ * 
 
 Variety Store, Mrs. K. Lav/son keeps constantly on hand 
 Chocolete, Oysters, Crackers, Cheese, Nuts of every kind, 
 Tobacco, Cigars, Mackerel, Soap, Candles, Salt, Tea, Brooms, 
 Baskets, Toys, Hoop Skirts, and Notions of every variety, 
 at her old stand on MAIN STREET, one door east of the 
 Shannon House, Sparta, Illinois, v/here she hopes to recr-ive 
 a liberal share of public patronage, 
 
 -a- # ?<■ # •* # 
 
 -129- 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 PEOPLE'S SALOON, Main Street, Sparta, Illinois, 
 J, C. PERKINS, Proprietor. Dealer in all kinds of con- 
 fectionery; foreign and domestic fruits; nuts, oysters, 
 and sardines; tobacco and cigars; fancy perfumery and hair 
 oils. All descriptions of Family Groceries, &c. Also, 
 Ice Cream, Soda, and Refreshments, 
 
 •«• * # •«• # 
 
 FRANCIS B. ANDERSON, Attorney and Counselor at Lay, and 
 Solicitor in Chancery; v/ill attend with fidelity arid 
 promptness to all business entrusted to him, an'l connected 
 either directly or indirectly with his profession, whether 
 in the United States or elsewhere. 
 
 OFFICE ON MAIN STREET, Sparta, Illinois. 
 
 tt # # it # 
 
 N. R, BROV.'N, Wholesale and retail deader in Stoves and 
 flnvare, Broadway, Sparta, J 31. 
 
 JAMFS FARNAN. Physician and Surgeon, Tenders his profes- 
 sional services to the citizens of Sparta and vicinity. 
 
 Office on Br>adwv% Sparta, Illinois. 
 
 # * it # it 
 
 A CARD. 
 
 FINLEY R. CROTHERS, Blacksmith and Plowmaker, 
 
 Broadway, Sparta, ill. All work warranted, and his Plows 
 
 not excelled by any. 
 
 * *t * * # 
 
 SP/.RTA CITY. J. S. Detrich, Dealer and manufacturer of 
 all kinds of Furniture, and undertaker of Funerals in all 
 its Branches, &c. 
 
 *■**■»■ *■ 
 
 SPARTA JEWELRY STORE — A. MILLER, keeps constantly on 
 hand, at his old stand, 
 
 Maine street, Sparta, Illinois , A select assortment of 
 Jewelry, and Fancy Articles, which he offers to the public 
 Cheap for Cash. Repairing Clocks and vetches done on short 
 notice, in the best manner. 
 
 -;»- # it it # 
 -130- 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 JOHN W. MINNER'S Ambrotype, Melaneotype, Daguerreotype, 
 and Photographic Gallery. Keeps constantly on hand all 
 Photographic Material, Threp doors west of Public Square, 
 Maine Street, Sparta, 111. 
 
 •* •* vfr # -'■ 
 
 R. R. HOPKINS, M. D. , physician for diseases of the throat 
 and lungs, by auxiliaries and medicated inhalation. Dis- 
 eases generally of women and children, receive particular 
 attention. Chronic diseases. A large number of persons 
 laboring under Chronic Diseases, which have heretofore been 
 subjected to the use of the knife, may now be relieved by 
 the Eclecxv-. System of surgery, by and with a much easier 
 plan, ravi!.;' both the bad effect of the old treatment and 
 much suffering. 
 
 # # # -?f * 
 
 J. A. POSTER * Spcrtfc, ril. dealer in fancy end staple Dry- 
 Goods, hatr; , cfc.us, bots, shoes, groceries, queensware, 
 hardware, r.. .Is, iron, glass. Farming utensils, ready- 
 made clothlr.v in short, a general assortment of Merchandise 
 suite ble to Via wants of the consumer — all of which are 
 offered at she lowest prices. The public are invited to 
 examine. 
 
 # * # # ■* 
 
 JOHN E. DFTRICH, Main Street, Sparta, Illinois, dealer in 
 Staples and Fancy Dry-goods, hardware, queensware, glass- 
 ware, boots and shoes, hats and caps, clothing, groceries, 
 tobacco, and all kinds of Merchandise suited to the wants 
 of the trade generally. 
 
 TO THE FARMERS OF SOUTHERN ILLINOIS,. SPARTA WOOLEN FACTORY. 
 
 I have made large additions to ray Factory, of new Improved 
 Machinery, and am manufacturing and will keep a large stock 
 at all seasons of the following Goods, manufectured by me 
 with special reference to durability; satinets, cassimeres, 
 Tweeds, Indigo Blue and Mixed Jecns, Bed-blankets, Plaid, 
 Red, Plain Colored fie White Flannels, knitting and single 
 yarns of all sizes. Custom carding and spinning, Fulling, 
 Coloring, and Finishing, done on short notice. Persons from 
 a distance always accommodrted at the time they bring their 
 Wool. 
 
 THOS. MCCLURKEN. 
 
 N. B. Wool and Grer.se wanted in exchange. 
 
 # # # a # 
 
 -131- 
 
ADVERTISEMENTS 
 
 WM. ROSBOROUOH k CO., SPARTA, ILLINOIS. 
 
 THE OLDEST HOUSE IN THE COUNTY, * ~*ablished in the year 1835 
 
 Have always on hand the largest and most complete Stock of 
 Clothing, Dry-goods, Groceries, Hardware, Hats and Caps, 
 Boots and Shoes, &c, &c that is offered in the market, to 
 which they invite the attention of CASH AND PROMPT PAYING 
 PURCHASERS. Sparta, October, 1859. 
 
 NEW LIVERY STABLE BARTLPT TOVFRA would respect- 
 fully announce to the citizens of Sparta and vicinity, that 
 he had opened a new and splendid stable on St. Loui3 Street, 
 Sparta, Illinois, where he will keep constantly on hand 
 Saddle and Buggy Horses, carriap.us, open and top buggies, 
 of the best quality; and will accommodate all who may favor 
 him with their custom on more reasonable terras than ever 
 offered in the city. He hopes, by strict attention to his 
 business, to merit a liberal share of public patronage. 
 
 * # ft. # ft *fr 
 
 M. G. GORSUCH, M. D. , Sparta, Illinois, dealer in drugs, 
 medicines, & chemicals, dye-woods and dye-stuffs, oils, 
 paints, and painters' articles, varnishes, window glass 
 and putty, glassware, French, English and American perfumery, 
 Fine toilet and shaving soaps, fine hair and tooth brushes, 
 paint brushes, surgical and dental instruments, spices, 
 snuffs, manufactured tobacco; all the patent medicines of 
 the day; pure wines and brandies, for medicinal purposes; 
 choice toilet and fancy articles, etc, etc. 
 
 SPARTA & CHESTER 
 
 Sparta, Athens, Belleville, and St. Louis Daily Moil and 
 Passenger coach iine. Having secured a Daily Mail Contract 
 between the above points, I have established a Daily Mail 
 Coach Line for the accommodation of the traveling public- 
 leaving Sparta every morning (Sundays excepted) at 6 o'clock 
 A. M. for Chester: returning, leaves Chester every day 
 (Sundays excepted) ut 2, P.M., arriving in sparta the same 
 evening; leaving Sparta for Athens, Belleville, and St. Louis, 
 every morning (Sundays excepted) at 6 A.M., arriving at St. 
 Louis the same evening; leaving St. Louis every morning at 
 6 A.M. from No. 60 Collins Street, King's Hotel, the Post 
 Office, Green Tree Tavern, arriving at sparta the same 
 evening. 
 
 I also run the BUCKIYE BOY FREIGHT & EXPRESS WAGONS on the 
 above routes, and will carry Freight at usual rates with 
 
 -132- 
 
promptness and safety, between any of the above points, 
 I will also attend to Express Business of any kind, to 
 any part of the United States or Fur ope. Packages or 
 money' forwarded to any part of the v/orid having Express 
 connections. Will buy and sell Drafts and Bills of Ex- 
 change on any part of the world. Will also attend to 
 making collection of notes and accounts. Business of any 
 kind entrusted to my care will be faithfully and promptly 
 attended to. Orders respectfully solicited. I can be seen 
 Wednesdays and Thursdays, at No. 60 Collins street, and 
 Saturdays and Mondays at my office in Sparta. 
 
 JOHN M. McCUTCHFGN 
 
 # * * * * * 
 
 1859 I860 
 
 FALL AND WHITER STOCK 
 
 J. And R. Hood, wholesale and Retail Merchants, Broadway, 
 Sparta, 111. have received, direct from the Fast, a large, 
 splendid, and carefully selected stock of fall & winter 
 goods, (our stock consists in part of a large and most 
 fashionable stock of Gentlemen »s and Youth ts clothing and 
 furnishing goods, All of which tl* ../ warrant to fit, or no 
 sale. Also, Black, Drown, and Drab Cloths, Doe skins, 
 Casinetts, Cassimeres, Black, Fancy, and Ficured Silks, 
 Alpacccs, Delaines, French, English, and American Prints, 
 Ginghams, Ribbons, Dress Trimmings, Lace, Notions, Shawls, 
 Mantillas, Hats and Caps, Boots and Shoes, Hardware, Cut- 
 lery, Glassware, Queensware, and a full stock of Groceries. 
 The highest market price paid for merchantable produce. 
 
 ****** 
 
 NEW GOODS NEW GOODS 
 
 MCHENRY & 1 "ATS0N, Cor. of Broad & McMillan Streets, Sparta, 
 111., are now receiving and opening a large and attractive 
 stock of goods from the Last, which, for variety and beau+y 
 of style are unsurpassed. Our stock consists of Dry-Goods, 
 Clothing, Hats and Caps, Boots, and shoes, Hardware, 
 Queensware and Groceries, we invite ell persons coming to 
 trade in Sparta to give us a call end examine our prices. 
 To caeh and produce customers, we offer liberal inducements. 
 
 ****** 
 -133- 
 
ILLINOIS MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, incorporated in 
 1830. Principal office at Alton, 111, Capital $1,000,000. 
 
 Stores and Merchandise, Dwelling Houses and Purnituroj 
 Barnes and Hay and Grain; First Clas3 Mills, Shops, and 
 othur Buildings, with their contents, insured against 
 LOWS OR DAMAQh BY FIHE# 
 
 This company has now boon in oxistonco over twenty 
 ycaroi dous not ioouu policies out of this Stat ej has 
 paid nearly Half a Million DolJorn for Losuoaj has furn- 
 ished Insurance to it3 members for less than two-thirds 
 the price charged by the best Stock Companies. It has 
 the largest and best secured Capital of any insurance 
 company in the Y/ost. 
 
 Arrangements have now been completed, which enables 
 the Directors to pay all Losses within ninety days) Mer- 
 chants can now have their stocks insured in the Illinois 
 Mutual, and in case of loss, actually get their money as 
 soon as is promised by any other Company. 
 
 To the Farmer end the Mechanic, this company has bo- 
 come a State Benevolent Association, in which, at a mod- 
 erate cost, their Homes and Shops may be insured against 
 the ravages of Fire, with a certainty that, if destroyed, 
 they will receive the mole Amount Insured, v/ithout liti- 
 gation, or unnecessary delay. 
 
 It has become the Insurance Company for the People 
 of Illinois, — annually saving large sums of money in the 
 State that would otherwise bu taken out by foreign Com- 
 panies, with all these inducements who can now afford to 
 remain uninsured in the Illinois Mutual? 
 
 BOARD OF DIRECTORS. 
 
 B. K. Hart, M. D. , Alton John Atwood, Esq., Alton 
 
 Hon. Samuel v/ade, Alton J. w. schweppe, Esq. , Alton 
 
 Hon. H. W. Billings, Alton Benjamin F.Long,M.D. 
 John James, M. D., Upper Alton Monticello 
 
 Timothy Turner, Esq., Monticello Klias Hibbard,E'3q. , Alton 
 
 Hon. Lyman Trumbull, Alton Hon. Francis A.Hoffmann, 
 Hon. Robert Smith, Alton Chicago 
 
 Henry Lea, Esq., Alton Lewis Kcllenberger,l:3q. 
 
 Alton 
 
 Benjamin F. Long, President M.O. Atwood, Fsq. , Alton 
 
 L. Kellenbergcr, Treasurer 
 
 M. 0. Atwood, Secretary 
 John Atwood, Assistant Soo 
 retary. 
 
 JOHN BLAISD?LL, General Agent 
 
 A. C. Hankinson, Assistant Generel Agent 
 
 Agents have been appointed in every County, and in all 
 principal Cities and Towns in the State, to whom applica- 
 tion for Insurance may be made. 
 
 •134- 
 
ZEBIDI/H BARKER II I j REVO LUTIONARY SOLDIFR 
 
 By: Mrs. C h erlcs Gordon 
 Sparta, Illinois 
 
 The earliest record of the Barker family is that of 
 Richard Barker, born in Kent County, Fngiand, and died in 
 1693. His son, Stephen, came to America and settled at 
 Methuen, Mass. succeeding him were Zebediah I and Zebe- 
 diah II, born in 1720 in Methuen, Mass., who was a Bap- 
 tist minister and was married in 1749 to Deborah Merrill. 
 Their son, Zebediah III, Revolutionary ancestor, v^s born 
 in Methuen, Mass. in 1750 and died in New Design, Monroe 
 Co., 111. and his remains now rest in the Barker-Toiin 
 Cemetery, New Design. He married Susan Messer and to them 
 were born four sons: Abner, Isaac, Asa, and Daniel Messer. 
 
 These four sons trcked from Massachusetts to Vermont, 
 then later to Ohio in the vicinity of M arietta early in 
 the 19th century, and while in Ohio, Daniel enrolled in the 
 Militia of the War of 1812. Later the four brothers built 
 & keel boat on the Muskingum river, floated down the Ohio 
 river to Cairo and from there poled and towed up the Miss- 
 issippi to Herculaneum, Mo., about forty miles south of St. 
 Louis where they landed in December, 1817. 
 
 In the spring of 1818, the four brothers came to Illi- 
 nois and settled on farms in Monroe Co., four miles south 
 of Waterloo, known as the New Design settlement, now Burks- 
 ville. Daniel Messer Barker, born July 12, 1784, died Aug. 
 11, 1868, married Mary Varnum, and to this union were born 
 four sons: Lewis, Hiram, Albert and Myron. 
 
 His second wife was Rachel Jarre tt, born X\i Canada 
 July 24, 1801, later lived it Virginia, she married John 
 Ross and they settled near Lebcnon, 111., where he died 
 leaving one daughter, Nancy Ross, she married Daniel Barker 
 in 1830 and to this union v/ere born four daughters: Evalyn, 
 Melcena, Susan Ophelia, and Fliza Bennett and one son, Dan.^1 
 Perry. They moved to Red Bud, 111. soon after their mar- 
 riage where they remained through their lifetime. 
 
 Zebediah Barker III served as "Minute Man"; also from 
 June, 1776, for over two years. During this time he was an 
 Orderly Sergeant under Capt. Malvon, Capt. David whittier, 
 and Col. Thomas Poor. He was in the Battles of Stillwater, 
 Fort Clinton, and Kingts Ferry. 
 
 He came to Illinois in 1818, settling in New Design, 
 Monroe Co., where he died Oct. 10, 1819 and was buried in 
 the Barker-Tolin Cemetery, one end one-half miles from Burke - 
 ville. On May 15, 1934, the Fort Chartres Chapter of the 
 Daughters of the American Revolution, Sparta, ill. dedicated 
 a large monument as a mcmoricl to the Revolutionary soldiers 
 buried in Randolph County, on the campus of the Sparta Twp. 
 High school. The name of Zebediah Barker was not included • 
 
 -135- 
 
■it IMS 
 
 *PB-7200-3 
 75*46? 
 
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 3.161.423 |