i ^ 1 K^/~ 3 THE LIBRARY OF THE U?:!VEnS!TY OF !LL!?!0!3 REPORT OF THE ILLINOIS COMMISSION TO THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 1904 EDITED BY THE PRESIDENT PRINTED FOR THE ILLINOIS COMMISSION BY J. W. FRANKS & SONS PEORIA ILL. HON. DAVID R. FRANCIS Piesident "Louisiana Purchase Exposition." THE imm OF THE UKIVEnSITY OF ILLINlJl N(r^^ Z 1 • ^^' "^ Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. OFFICERS President— HENRY M. DUNLAP, Savoy Vice-President— CHARLES N. TRAVOUS, Edwardsville Second Vice-President— J. P. MAHONEY, Chicago Treasurer— WALTER WARDER, Cairo Secretary— JOHN J. BROWN, Vandalia COMMISSIONERS T. K. CONDIT, Beardstown C. F. COLEMAN, Vandalia C. C. CRAIG, Galesburg ALBERT CAMPBELL, EiTingham HENRY AL DUNLAP, Savoy DUNCAN M. FUNK, Bloomington JAMES H. FARRELL, Chicago JOHN H. MILLER, McLeansboro WILLLAM J. MOXLEY, Chicago WILLLAM AL MOUNTS, Carlinville JOSEPH P. MAHONEY, Chicago JOHN H. PIERCE, Kewanee J. N. C. SHUMWAY, Taylorville CHARLES N. TRAVOUS, Edwardsville WALTER WARDER, Cairo ril5()42 Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. EXHIBITS AND SUPERINTENDENTS Agriculture — William B. Otwell, - - - Carlinville Blind — J. H. Freeman, - - - - Jacksonville Dairy — George A. Hunt, - - - Hebron Dea{ — C. P. Gillett, ----- Jacksonville p. J ( S. P. Bartleti, - - - - Quincy •^ 1 Nat. H. Cohen, - - - Urbana Horticulture — J. W. Stanton, - - - - Rich view Juvettile Court- -^e\son G. Franklin, - - Chicago Live Stock — H. M. Rollins, - - - - Bloomington Lincoln Memorial — Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber, Springfield Mines and Mining — Walter H. Jackson, - - Vienna Piiblic and Normal Schools — Alfred Bayliss, - - . - Springfield State Home for Girls — Mrs. Ophelia Amigh, - - Geneva ( J. M. W^hite, - - - - Champaign '5 — \ University of Illinois { University. ( W. T. Eckley, - - - - Chicago Physicians and Surgeons. Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. JCTION LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Savoy, Illinois, Dec. 31st, 1904. To his Excellency Richard Yates, Governor of Illinois: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report and state- ment of the work and financial disbursements of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, held in the City of St. Louis, Missouri, April 30th to December 1st, 1904. The report gives in detail the work of the Commission, and, in most instances, the reports of superintendents, or committees, in charge of exhibits or departments. It is a matter of congratulation to the members of the Commission, and, I trust, is to the citizens of the State, that the number of exhibits made by the State was greater than at any previous Exposition or World's Fair and, what is of more importance, the exhibits were more complete and occupied a larger amount of floor space. That the installations were attractive is evidenced by the pictures included herein. Notwithstanding the expense attendant upon the construc- tion and maintenance of a State Building, the collection, in- stallation and maintenance of fourteen separate and distinct exhibits, and participation in the official and state days of the Exposition by the National Guards, Naval Reserve and Cadets of the University, the Commission will return to the State Treasury an unexpended balance, including salvage, of some $15,000. The financial statement included in this report cor- rectly states all expenses incurred except for the printing of this report and the final meeting of the Commission, not yet held, which expenses are here estimated but which will cor- rectly appear in the final statement. Respectfully submitted, Henry M. Dunlap, Presidevt Illinois Commission . ILLINOIS commissioners:: | Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition INTRODUCTION The purpose of this vohinie is to ])reserve in a brief, but compre- hensive manner, an account of the part taken by the State of Illinois in the great Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis, Missouri, April 30th to December ist, 1904, — an exposition of the progress of the World's industries, arts, sciences, and civilization to date, but more par- ticularlv an exposition of the progress of the American States which are a part of the "Purchase," and of their neighbors. The State of Illinois is not a part of the great '' Louisiana Pur- chase," which is composed mainly of that part of our country which lies between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains, but it is most intimately related to that great territory which celebrates its one hundred years as a part of the territory of the United States, just across the Mississippi from the state and city in which the Exposition is held. In fact the State of Illinois, through its great manufacturing industries, derives a large share of its wealth from the products of the states west of the Mississippi, and shares with them the advantages it enjoys as a manufacturing, as well as a producing State. To Illinois belongs the distinction of having held the first and. un- til the present greatest World's Fair. Naturally the State of Illinois at that time had a more immediate pride in its showing and spent a vastly ereater sum to gather and shelter its exhibits than it could afford for an exposition outside of its own borders ; but it is not the opinion of any that Illinois has been outclassed in any respect at the World's Fair of 1904. With comparatively a small appropriation, when the $800,000 appropriated by Illinois in Chicago in 1893 or the $1,000,000 spent by Missouri in St. Louis, is considered, Illinois has taken a leading part in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. It has not only furnished its large share of the attractions, but it has, no doubt, sent to the Exposi- tion the largest number of visitors from any one state outside of Mis- souri. It has been the duty of the Commission to provide for the Illi- nois exhibits and to furnish to Illinois people a measure of the state's own hospitality. To do this the Commission secured space in the Ex- position buildings for Illinois exhibits, gathered together the materials and displayed them in an attractive manner; and it erected, at the cost 13 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of the State, the handsome " Illinois Building." which was the home and ])ride of every Illinois visitor, while within the gates of the Exposi- tion, and was noted for its hospitality to all. Only exhibits of a public character have been installed at the ex- pense, or through the efforts, of die Commission. Private enter])rises, many of which took exhibits from this State, were not assisted at the expense of the Commission: l)ut the State exhil)its mentioned in this volume were gathered, prepared, installed and cared for whollv or in part at the expense of the State, authorized bv an act of the Fortv-Sec- ond General Assembly in 1901. which appropriated the sum of $250,- 000 for the purpose. The unexpended balance of the above amount being reappropriated by the Forty-Third General Assemblv in 1903. GOVERNOR YATES AT HEAD OF ILLINOIS TROOPS Dedication Day, April 30, 1903 14 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition THE STATE OF ILLINOIS The State of Illinois embraces 56,000 square miles of territory, bounded along its entire western border by the Mississippi River and partly on its eastern border by the Ohio and Wabash Rivers, and Lake MichVan. It is a " Prairie S^ate." It contains more acres of tillable soil than any other State in the Union, with the possible exception of Iowa, and leads all the States in the value of its agricultural products per acre. AGRICULTURE Agriculture is therefore the leading industry of the State. Illinois has 16,769,010 acres of land devoted to the cultivation of cereals, and produced in 1900 a crop valued at $212,276,816, an average of v$i2.o6 to the acre,— the highest average of all the States. The leading cereals, in order of their importance, are corn, oats, hay, broom-corn, and rye. 256,213 acres of land in this State is devoted to raising vegetables. The total value of these is $10,346,797, or $40.23 per acre. Horticul- ture is one of the most important industries of the State and is increas- ing in its importance very rapidly. In 1900 Illinois ranked third among the States in the number of apple trees and produced 9,178, 150 bushels. Peaches, pears, grapes, strawberries, and other small fruits are raised in great abundance and are everywhere a profitable crop. MINING Coal is the leading mineral product of the State, the out])ut being from twenty-five to thirty millions of tons annually. The coal is bitu- minous and is worth at the mines from 37 cents to $1.35 per ton. There are over nine hundred coal mines in the State, giving employment to 45,000 men. L^nlike many States a large portion of the mining lands is also agricultural land of the highest order and mucli more is well adapted to horticulture. OTHER INDUSTRIES Illinois has a i)()pulati()n of more than i\\Q millions and ranks as the third State in the Lhiion. New \'ork being first and l^ennsylvania second. Its metropolis, Chicago, is the second city in population, New York City alone being larger. It follows, therefore, that Illinois must, with its large population, its vast resources and its central location among the States, be a leader in manufactures, finance, transportation. — that it is an empire in itsel f . 15 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ^^^ k^^ vi«^J;"?4»--N?' ""^^'-"^.f ^W^-'^'' T mt f FOURTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY AND GALESBURG BATTERS Dedication Day, April 30, 1903 The total miles of railroad track in the State are over ii,ooo of main line or over 18,000 miles of trackage, including the branches and yard tracks. This is about one-fifth of a mile of road for every square mile of land in the State. But one other State exceeds this amount and that is Pennsvlvania. The natural centers of transportation are Chi- cago, on the Great Lakes, and East St. Louis, on the ^Mississippi River. The State is second only to New York in the volume of its finan- cial transactions. There are 1,100 banks in the State with a total capi- tal of nearly $75,000,000, and a surplus of $27,000,000. The clear- ances in Chicago alone are nearing ten billions of dollars annually. The manufactures of the State are growing rapidly. This follows from the enormous output of its agricultural and mineral resources, and as a result of unsurpassed transportation facilities and its abundance of cheap fuel. Only New York and Pennsylvania can boast a larger out- put of manufactures than Illinois, the value of these products being, according to the last census, $1,259,730,168. The capital invested, by the same authority, is $776,828,598. The manufacturing enterprises of this State give employment to 400,000 wage earners, who receive in wages $191,510,962 annually. The materials used in manufactures are worth $739,754,414. Of these materials the larger portion is agri- cultural products, wood and iron. The leading manufactures are agri- cultural implements, vehicles, railway coaches, glucose, distilled liquors, packing house products, watches, furniture, clothing, books, etc. 16 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exoosition The products of iron and steel are especially important. In these only Pennsylvania and Ohio surpass Illinois. There are twenty-six plants with a capital of $43,356,239, employing 16,642 men and pay- ing $9,640,716 in wages annually. The publishing business in the State is an important industry. There are 1,755 regular publications with a total circulation of eleven millions per issue, or an average of 6,737. EDUCATION Illinois is justly proud, therefore, of its great resources and the intelligent zeal with which they are being developed. But no statement which pretends to set forth the greatness of the commonwealth and its people is complete without attention to its system of education. Illinois affords its youth a free education from the kindergarten and primary school to the post-graduate work in its State University. Out of a total of 1,601,175 persons of "school age," between six and twenty-one years, 971,841 were enrolled in the schools. About one- third of these are in ungraded schools, where the average number of days in the school year is 92. The rest are in the graded schools where the average length of the school year is 143 days. There are 12,855 free public schools in which 27,186 teachers are employed. There are 6.800 male and 20,386 female teachers. The average wages of the men are $64.55. ^"^1 of the women $54.18 per month. The total cost of the public schools of this State is nearly $20 000,000 a year. There are 144,471 pupils and 3,963 teachers in the private schools of the State. THE STATE UNIVERSITY The University of Illinois is at the head of the educational system of the State. This institution is located at Urbana, in Champaign County, and was chartered February 28, 1867. It is therefore com- paratively a young institution, when the age of similar institutions in other States is considered. Up to the year 1892 the appropriations were small when compared Avith the sums appropriated to like purposes in other States surrounding ours. Since that date, however, the State has been more liberal. The University has equipment for every department of liberal and technical education. It is especially recognized for its work in agricul- ture and engineering. The faculty is the fourth in rank of numbers among the Universities of America and the attendance, this year about 3,700, gives the institution at least sixth rank among similar institu- tions. Among the exhibits at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition no other institution of learning made a better or more comprehensive ex- hibit. OTHER STATE INSTITUTIONS The other State educational institutions are the Illinois State Nor- mal University, located at Normal ; the Southern Illinois Normal Un- 2 17 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^SSm^Jj •« - . #i- .'*u'; ^- Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition iversity, located at Carbondale; the Eastern State Normal School, lo- cated at Charleston ; the Northern Illinois Normal School, located at De Kalb ; and the Western Illinois Normal School, located at Macomb. The charitable institutions of the State are sixteen in number and in these are 1 1,355 wards. There are six hospitals for the insane; one at Jacksonville the Central Hospital for the Insane; one at Anna, the Southern Hospital for the Insane ; one at Kankakee, the Eastern Hos- pital for the Insane; one at Elgin, the Northern Hospital for the In- sane ; one at Watertown. the Western Hospital for the Insane ; one at Bartonville. the Hospital for the Incurable Insane ; and one at Chester, the Asylum for the Criminal Insane. Other charitable institutions are the Asylum for Feeble Minded Children, at Lincoln ; the Institution for the Deaf, at Jacksonville ; the Institution for the Blind, at Jacksonville ; the Industrial Home for the Blind, at Chicago; the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, at Chicago; the Training School for Girls, at Geneva; the St. Charles Home for Boys ; the Soldier's Orphans' Home, at Normal ; the Soldiers' and Sail- ors' Home, at Quincy ; and the Soldiers' Widows' Home, at Wilming- ton. The penal and reformatory institutions are three in number, the State Penitentiary at Joliet, the Southern Penitentiary at Chester, and the State Reformatory at Pontiac. By their nature many of these institutions could not be represented among the exhibits at the Exposition. 19 ';^M4* ^ Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Illinois at the World's Fair By EMILY GRANT HUTCHINGS St. Louis, July 13. — The third of a series of brilliant military re- ceptions was given last night at the Illinois building on the World's Fair grounds. The Second regiment, with General Scott at its head, acted as host, and the receiving line included, in addition to the officers of the regiment and their wives, the two hostesses Mrs. Craig and Mrs. Coleman, wi\-es of two of the commissioners, who are detailed to pre- side over the building during the first two weeks of July.. The reception was tendered to Governor and Mrs. Yates, and it afforded an opportunity for the personnel of the Exposition and the social leaders of St. Louis to meet the Governor of Illinois. In the course of the evening elaborate refreshments were served and the charming affair closed with a grand military ball. As a center of social gayety the magnificent State Home on the hill west of the Cascades is almost without an exposition rival. How- ever, the World's Fair has something more of Illinois than social at- tractions to oft'er to the visiting public. The advantage of nearness to the seat of the World's Fair, which made possible the great displays of Missouri, was enjoyed and made use of almost as fully by the sister State of Illinois. In every depart- ment of the Exposition the great resources of Illinois are shown. The State Home is, with possibly two exceptions, the most pre- tentious of all the State buildings, and certainly its location is the most commanding. From the intramural cars this great white structure, with its generous verandas and its wealth of ornament, can be seen at several points. It is not on the Plateau of States, but is the important member of another state group on The Trail, directly west of the Cas- cade Gardens. Across the way lie the beautiful gardens of Japan, and the Lincoln museum is directly north. The building is designed along the lines of the French Renais- sance, but it is entirely modern in treatment. For instance, in the relief ornament of frieze and cornice the fleur-de-lis is replaced by the ear- of-corn motif. This is Illinois Renaissance and is something more than cut and dried ornament. It is symbolic of the State. The two great statutes that greet the visitor are those of Lincoln and Douglas. The grand central reception hall is done in tones of ivory, green and gold, with floor of tile. The medallion center of the tile is the great seal of the State. At one side of the broad staircase is * From the daily papers. 21 ■aaLta:.u...>;-,a. ■..->■ Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition a raised platform on which stands a grand piano. This elevated apart- ment serves as a reception and music room. Opening from the great hall are reading rooms, rest rooms and the office of the Commission. On the floor above are the suites of apartments for the Governor, the Commission and the officers of the buildino-. The wives of the Commissioners serve as hostesses, each one doing the honors for a period of ten days at a time. One of the most noteworthy features of the Illinois State Home is its verandas. From these every part of the Exposition grounds can be seen, and the night view is especially glorious. The building was de- signed by Illinois architects, erected i3y Illinois labor and furnished, for the most part, by Illinois firms. Hence it is really an expression of the State it represents. Its cost was $90,000. Aside from the State Home, the most remarkable exhibits of the State are those in the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy and the Palace of Asfriculture. In the former there is abundant evidence that Illinois is primarily a mining state, while the latter wholly contradicts this no- tion. As a matter of fact, Illinois ranks second to Pennsylvania in the production of coal, and its quarries yield a fine quality of both sand and lime stone. The booth in the Palace of Mines contains the largest block of soft coal ever removed from a mine. It is 6x7x8 feet in size and was hoisted 335 feet from the shaft. In the coal exhibit there are specimens of the product of over fifty mines, with chemical analysis, showing their respective heating capacity. There is a large display of the clay industry of the S<:ate, including bricks, tile, and pottery. In addition there are shown splendid speci- mens of flur spar, lead, and zinc. If these varied mineral products suffice to convince the visitor that Illinois is primarily a mining state, he should straightway inspect the two Illinois displays at the west side of the grounds. In the Palace of Horticulture there is an extensive table exhibit of fresh fruit, especially of apples and the more ephemeral fruits, such as berries and plums. However, the best display of all is in the Palace of Agriculture. In the cold storage case in the dairy section are two exceptionally good pieces of butter sculpture. They are the busts of those two great Illinoisans, Lincoln and Grant. The most striking feature of the great corn pavilion is an enor- mous broom that is typical both of the production of broom corn and of the State's broom industry. In the corners are small ornamental booths made entirely of the native woods of the State. One of these is used as an office by the Secretary. There are several excellent pictures made of various grains. Among the grain pictures are three that are worthy to stand together. These are President Lincoln. Governor Yates and the great seal of the State. By far the largest and most significant part of the exhibit is the collection of samples of corn, planted, cultivated and harvested by boys. The league of corn growers now numbers 8,000 members and there are 1,100 prizes each year, the first being $500. Each boy submits ten ears of corn from his own patch, together with an account of his 23 o H U O z o H U UJ UJ «i U. -S °l en "^ t« c UJ o U -i o s a: S a.> a Q -J 5 CO on O 2 _1 -J Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition experiences and methods. The prize winners have attached their photoi^raphs to the little pyramid of ten ears of fine corn. For the farming- industry of the State nothing could possibly be better than this annual contest. The boy is taught to look upon the scientific cultiva- tion of the soil as something worthy his best effort. That in which he takes a personal pride ceases to be drudgery. As a result of this corn contest, much of the danger that all the farmer boys will seek the great cities may be averted, and it is well that the great Exposition should encourage the boys in their worthy enterprise. 25 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Illinois Commission and its Work By HENRY M. DUNLAP. President The Forty-Second General Assembly appropriated $250,000 to provide for the participation and proper representation of the interests of the State of Illinois in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, to be held in the city of St. Louis from April 30th to December ist, 1903. After- ward the time for holding said Exposition was postponed until 1904 The law provided for the appointment of a Commission of fifteen members to be known as the "Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Exposition." The members of this Commission as originally appointed were: Samuel Alschuler, H. C. Beitler. C. F. Coleman. C. C. Craig-, F. M. Blount, H. M. Dunlap, I. L. Ellwood, J. H. Farrell. D. M. Funk, J. H. Miller, Jos. P. Mahoney, P. T. Chapman, J. N. C. Shumway, C. N. Travous, C. N. Rannals. The Commission met on the call of Governor Yates at his office in the State Capitol, J^-dy 20th, 1901, and organized by the election of ofificers as follows: Presiden^ H. M. Dunlap; vice-president, C. N. Travous; second vice-president, J. P. Mahoney; treasurer, P. T. Chap- man ; secretary, John J. Brown. J. H. Paddock was elected assistant secretarv and held that office for one year. These officers continued to serve the Commission until the completion of its work except Hon. P. T. Chapman, who was succeeded by Walter Warder as treasurer. Of the members originally appointed the following afterward re- signed, viz : I. L. Ellwood, C. N. Rannals, P. T. Chapman, Samuel Alschuler. H. C. Beitler, F. M. Blount, and were succeeded by John H. Pierce, Albert Campbell, Walter Warder, W. L. Mounts, T. K. Con ■ dit, and Wm. J. Moxley. The Commission has served from July 20th, 1901, the date of its organization up to the present time, a period of two and one-half years. During that time many meetings of the Commission were held which rec|uired the attendance of the members. The principal work, how- ever, was done through the fifteen committees, each member of the Commission as chairman of a committee having a special work to per- form. The list of these committees and members of same are given on a preceding page of this report. As president I was ex-officio a mem- ber of all committees and can bear witness that all did their work con- scientiously, and several, on whom the burden fell more than on others, with great ability and personal sacrifice. SELECTING A BUILDING SITE Owing to the great interest taken in the Exposition by the people of Illinois, the fact that St. Louis was in a commercial sense the metrop- 27 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition olis of Southern Illinois and that the Leg-islature had made a liberal appropriation. Illinois, next to Missouri, was accorded choice of a site for its State Building. The first site selected was at the head of an avenue leading- up to the higher ground from the Mines and Mineral Building, afterwards given to Ohio and on which its State Building was erected. On the afternoon of Sept. 30th, 1902, the first site selected for the Illinois Building was. together with other sites for State Buildings officially allotted with appropriate ceremonies. Director of Works, Isaac S. Taylor, made a report to President David R. Francis of the Exposition, who in an appropriate address assigned and turned over with due formality to the president of the Illinois Commission the allot- ment of ground for the Illinois Building. The president of the Com- mission responded and then introduced the Hon. Clark E. Carr, of Galesburg, who made an eloquent address on the resources of Illinois, paying a feeling tribute to her great men of the past. The address was one of the best delivered during the day and was warmly applauded. Afterward when the plans for the building had been approved it was found that the site first selected was inadequate, owing to the con- formation of the ground and a second one was allotted opposite the site of the New York Building, and where stood later the Minnesota Building. On August 27th, 1903, when everything was ready to begin work on the building, it became known that the site on the "trail" where the State Building was finally erected was available, and that place was selected as the most desirable site, everything considered. The wisdom of the choice was afterward conceded by all. This beautiful site over- looked a large portion of the Exposition and was convenient of access, occupying as it did the center of the grounds. The construction, decoration, furnishing and description of this building will be left to the committees having that in charge. EXHIBITS No one knows except those who have been identified with such work how much of labor and expense attends the planning, assembling, and installation of an exhibit at a World's Fair. To conform to the rules of the Exposition to eliminate uninteresting articles, to install attractively and exhibit that which will interest, instruct and attract the attention of the visitor requires thought, effort and expense. There were installed by, or under the auspices of, the Illinois Commission, fourteen separate and distinct exhibits, including that of live-stock. Each exhibit was in charge of a superintendent and a committee of the Commission. A report from the chairman or the superintendent of each exhibit will follow and the names of those in charge will appear in the report. They will explain in detail the nature of the exhibits made. The installation for the exhibits, by which I mean the proper outlining of the spaces occupied, the fixtures, including booths, tables, shelving, etc., was characteristic, and having seen one installation the visitor was impressed in viewing other Illinois exhibits in the different 29 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition buildings that the same type of architectural features prevailed in all of them. Pictures showing the several exhibits will discover this feat- ure. All, committees and superintendents alike, worked faithfully, earnestly and intelligently to make each exhibit a success and the result was all that could be asked or expected for the amount of money ex- pended. There was not a single failure among them all. I find it im- possible to select for special praise any where all did so well. It should be said in justice to those in charge that never before were the natural resources of the State so well presented to the people of the world at a great Exposition. Its agriculture, horticulture and mineral exhibits were never so complete and thorough. DEDICATION DAY On this occasion, April 30, 1903, when the Exposition was form- erly dedicated, the governors of many states were present, and in the parade were government troops representing every branch of the serv- ice, together with regiments or batallions of National Guards from many of the states. From Illinois came Governor Yates and staff, and Adjutant Gen- eral Scott, all mounted and at the head of the Illinois National Guard, represented in splendid form by the 4th Regiment ; Troop G, Firsc Cavalry; Battery B, Artillery Batallion, Galesburg and Naval Re- serves, composed of the ist, 2d, 3d, and 4th Divisions of the Second Ship's Crew from Moline, Rock Island, Alton, and Ouincy. President Roosevelt and ex-President Cleveland were in the reviewing stand. The showing made by the Illinois National Guard was worthy of the State. DEDICATION OF BUILDING The building was practically completed by the opening day of the Fair, except as to the furniture and furnishings which were in place shortly thereafter. The building was formally opened to the public on May 27, 1904. Cadets eight hundred strong from the University of Illinois, went into camp May 26, and formed a conspicuous part of the parade on the 27th. The parade formed at ten o'clock in the forenoon in front of the Administration Building, and consisted of carriages containing promi- nent World's Fair officials. Governor and Mrs. Yates, prominent State officials and the Illinois Commissioners, the University Cadets and a company of Jeft'erson Guards, the Decatur Military Band and the Uni- versity of Illinois Band furnished the music. The parade proceeded from the Administration Building to the Plaza St. Louis, and thence to the Illinois Building, where appropriate exercises were held. A reception followed with Governor and Mrs. Yates, President Francis of the Exposition and members of Illinois Commission in the receiving line. After the reception a collation was served in the upper balcony of the building. Nearly two thousand gues^^s were entertained. The day was beautiful and the affair was entertaining and pleasant throughout. 31 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLINOIS DAYS Ever}' State represented at the Fair celebrated its State Day and upon this occasion its glory was reflected from every part of the Fair. These State Days were held generally through September and October. In keeping with this custom Illinois State Days were appointed for September 21 and 22. Accordingly all State officers, members of the Legislature, Mayors of cities, Postmasters and the State Press were invited to be present. It was most gratifying to note the large num- bers who responded, and the Illinois visitors in general who were pres- ent on those davs. On September 21. starting at 10 A. M. the Governor and the Commission made a tour of inspection to all Illinois exhibits. The number of Illinois visitors who visited the building during this day may in some measure be estimated by the fact that three thousand Illinois buttons were given away before 2 p. m._, and that six- teen hundred people registered at the building. At 6 p. M. a dinner was given to the Governor and State officials, and at 8 P. m. a reception was held which was by far the most brilliant function given to the people of our State. It is estimated that over two thousand persons were present. The building was also beautifully illuminated on the outside by Pain's Pyrotechnic Company, and the citizens of our State had every reason to feel proud of our representa- tion at the Fair. On September 22 a parade was formed at 2 p. m. in front of Ad- ministration Building, consisting of the officials of the Exposition, Governor Yates and staff mounted, with Adjt. -General Scott at the head of the Naval Reserves from Chicago, Ouincv, Alton, and Rock Island, and three companies of the Illinois National Guards, viz : Com- pany C, Taylorville. Fifth Regiment ; Company K, Kewanee, Sixtli Regiment, and Company M, Metropolis, Eighth Regiment. The Jef- fries Military Band of Jacksonville, and the Parish Military Band of Taylorville, furnished the music for the occasion. The parade was followed by ceremonies at the State Building with appropriate ad- dresses by Governor Yates and President D. R. Francis, interspersed with music by the Shelbyville quartette. At 6 p. M. a dinner was given to visiting members of the Legis- lature by the Commission. CHICAGO DAY Chicago Day was one of the largest in attendance at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. By eight o'clock in the morning the Illinois Building was crowded. In less than two hours after distribution began fifteen thousand "Chicago Day buttons" were given out. After that there was no difficulty in designating Chicago people. The grounds fairly bloomed with yellow spots. Three registers were put out for use and for the entire day three rows of people stood in line waiting their turn to register. The building was entirely too small to accommo ■ date the mass of people who wished to hear the speeches. 3 33 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition At about twelve o'clock the Jefferson Guards cleared a path for the distinguished guests and speakers to pass through to the stage. J. P. Mahoney, vice-president of the Commission, called the meet- ing to order. Hon. J. C. Doyle, superintendent of the Illinois Building welcomed the Chicago people in the name of Governor Vates, who could not be present. President D. R. Francis was then introduced, gave a glowing tribute to Chicago people and welcomed them to the Exposition. Mayor Rollo Wells of St. Louis welcomed Mayor Harrison and the Chicago visitors. Mayor Harrison spoke next in behalf of Chicago people. Chairman Bennett, as a Chicago Alderman, made the closing ad- dress. The program closed at 1.30 but the gathering turned into an mformal reception which seemed to last all the afternoon. At two o'clock a fine musical program was rendered by Madam Anna Weiss of Chicago, pianist, and Wm. A. Willett of Chicago, bari- tone. At three-thirty the First CaAalry Band from Chicago, located on the east piazza gave a concert. At eight p. M. an informal reception was given to the Chicago visitors. At this time the Marquis de Saiza, court singer to Portugal, a fine baritone singer, rendered several selections. On Sunday, October 9, at three p. m. a sacred concert was given for the pleasure of Chicago guests. The music was furnished bv the Indian Band from the United States Government School and Mrs C J. Doyle. • • HOSPITALITY The nearness of the State to St. Louis enabled many of our people to visit the Exposition and incidentally to partake of the hospitality of the Illinois Building. The broad verandas, the ladies' parlor and 'rest rooms, the men's reading rooms, the main rotunda, upper gallery and balcony, were always occupied by resting people, and to say that thous- ands occupied the easy chairs and partook of their noonday lunch on the veranda settees, is putting it very mildly. Everything was done to make their stay at the building pleasant. Three pianos were at their service and often concerts were given for their entertainment. Two hostesses were constantly in at- tendance in the building and aided greatly in making it pleasant for Illinois people and their friends, and whether thev came arrayed in costly apparel or ordinary dress did not matter. It is greatly 'to the credit of the hostesses that several of them received letters from perfect strangers on arrival at their homes, expressing in strongest terms their gratitude for courtesies extended. A list of the ladies who acted as hostesses of the building is included in this report. The Commission was fortunate in securing as matron of the build- ing an intelligent and gracious lady in the person of Miss Mary E. Berkey.^ Her ability was tested on many occasions and the success of all functions held at the building was largely due to her earnest efforts and good judgment. So great was her success that the Chicago Day 35 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition accounts in the ciU' papers were full of her praises. The Commission is under ()1)hg-ations for her faithful and efficient services. The Superintendents of the l)uild- ino-s were three in number. Mr. Tui.irs Kespohl, jr.. of Oumcy. served from May until in August, and the Commission parted Nvith liim with regret, for his administra- tion was highly satisfactory and the Commission dou1)ted its ability to re])lace him with another as com- l)etent. However, in the person of ]\Ir. C. J. Doyle of Greenfield, they were happily disappointed and ideased. Mr. Doyle entered upon his duties as to the manor born and until his departure in November no fault could be found. His adminis- tration reflected credit upon the Commission and himself. All re- member with pleasure his genial smile, accommodating disposition and cheerful sinrit under trying circumstances. Mr. Fred C. Doods, of Springfield, filled out the unexpired term as Superintendent on Mr. Doyle's retirement about November ist. MISS MARY E. BERKEY Matron JULIUS KESPOHL. JR. Superintendent Illinois Building, May -August C. J. DOYLE Superintendent Illinois Building, August-October 37 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition CLOSING UP The closing up of the business of the Commission, the sale of the building, furniture and exhibits, involved considerable work. The Commission on two separate occasions advertised the building- and furniture for sale. Advertisements to that effect appearing in the St. Louis, Chicago, and Springfield papers. Opportunity was given for people to bid for the building and furnishings as a whole, for them separately or for any part. About sixty separate bids were received. Some for one article only, many for a few pieces of furniture and a very few for the building or furniture as a whole. Four bids were re- ceived for the building, viz: $200, $500, $750, and $1,000. The bids on the building included a provision that all debris from the wrecking of same should be removed and the ground cleared and left as it was originally. All of which involved considerable expense. The bid of the Southern Illinois Construction Company of East St. Louis, was the highest, including- building, furniture and furnishings, and amounted to $4 250. This bid was accepted. Articles in other exhibits not in- cluded were afterward disposed of and are included in the financial statement, bringing the amount of salvage to over $5,000. This amount seems small but is in line with the results at all expositions. At Chicago with a net appropriation of $662,000 and wnth a building and furnishings costing $277,000, the total amount realized from the sale of building and furnishings was $3,926.50. At Omaha and Buffalo the amounts realized were less than $1,000. ■i9 PRESIDENT FRANCIS AND GROUP OF ILLINOISANS. CHICAGO DAY Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Report of the Building Committee By C. N. TRAVOUS, Chairman. The Building Committee held its first meeting June 24th, 1902, followed by many subsequent ones before the plans for building were finally adopted in August, 1903. At this first meeting it was decided to erect a building costing $50,000 exclusive of decorations, lighting and furnishings. Professor Jas. M. White of the University of Illi- nois, who designed the Illinois Building at the Pan-/\merican Exposi- tion, was present on invitation of the committee and was employed to draw up the initial specifications and advise with the committee in re- gard to the general character of the building. The committee is under many obligations to Prof. White for many practical suggestions. At this first meeting the general plan of the building was outlined. It was further decided to secure plans for the building by a mixed competi- tion among Illinois architects. The plans to be submitted to the com- mittee at an open meeting and in such manner that the names of the architects competing should not be known to the members of the com- mittee. Five architects were selected and paid $100 each for drawing plans for a building and competition was left open for as many more as desired to enter the competition, the successful competitor to receive the regular commission for supervising the construction of the building. Specifications were printed and furnished to all who desired them. A site was selected for the building and dedicated Sept. 30th, 1902, but was afterward found to be unsuited to the building and twice changed until finally located on the "Trail" overlooking a considerable portion of the Exposition grounds, a site peculiarly adapted to the style of architecture of the building. At a meeting of the committee held in Springfield, Oct. loth, 1902, twelve plans for the State Building were submitted in competi- tion. After careful consideration of the plans, each of which possessed features of special merit the one numbered five was selected as the best. Number four as the second best. Number five was found to be that of Watson & Hazleton of Chicago, and numl)er four that of White & Temple, Champaign. At subsequent meetings of the committee the details of the plans were gone o\'er with the architects and some changes made, and later on advertisements were placed in leading papers asking that bids be submitted for the construction of the build- ing. At a meeting held for the purpose of considering these bids it was found that the building — completecl as per the bids submitted and other items not included in them, would cost $150,000. All bids were there- 41 y" m Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition fore rejected and the architects directed to remove from the plans the "Room of State," which was estimated to reduce the cost $17,000, and other changes were made reducing- the amount about as much more. Several meetings of the committee were held and finally on August 17th, 1903, it was decided, with the approval of the Commission, to construct the building by day's labor under the supervision of a com- petent builder, it having been demonstrated to the committee that an agreement or trust among contractors at the Fair precluded bids that were reasonable and fair to the State. James L. Brown, a practical builder, agreed to undertake the supervision of the work of construc- tion and entered into a satisfactory bond with the committee, condi- tioned on the ultimate cost of building and faithful service, for which service he was to receive 10 per cent, of the cost of the building, pro- vided same did not exceed the amount agreed upon, viz : $50,000, not including the staff and inside painting. The building was completed by Mr. Brown within the specified amount. The ornamental staff, terraces*, painting, inside decorations, landscaping, electric lights, gas, sculpture and other items not in the contract with Mr. Brown, together with his commission and that of the architects brought the total cost of the building to $88,582.06. The following is the architects : DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING The location of the building remote from the principal group of State buildings, together with its ornate character and size, gave it a distinction enjoyed by no other State building. The building was one of the largest erected by the different com- monwealths. Its extreme dimensions were 250x115 feet. It is two lofty stories in height and of extremely ornamental character, both in- side and out, its style being the most florid of the modern French Renaissance of the period of Louis XVI. Its location on the side of a hill made it necessary to construct a wide stylobate or terrace extend- ing all around the building, which immediately gave it a distinctive character apart from all other structures in its immediate vicinity. The central feature of the building was a large rotunda extending up through the tw^o stories and surmounted by a lofty dome. The ro- tunda was used as a lounging room and reception room on special oc- casions, and the gallery around the second story afforded ample room for the large gatherings of people present at such times. To the right and left of the rotunda in the first story were rest rooms for ladies and gentlemen, with offices for the President, Secretary, etc. The second story was provided with meeting rooms for the Commission, Gov- ernor's reception rooms and private rooms for the members of the Com- mission. The distinctive features of the building were the wide verandas and balconies which extended around the four sides of the building at the level of both flor^-s, anrl in addition to the wide terrace outside the 43 Report of ihe Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition porches, provided ample resting- place for the vast throngs in constant attendance. The interior of the building was handsomely decorated in differ- ent colors appropriate to the style of architecture and elaborately fur- nished in keeping. A feature of the building very much admired, was the two heroic statues flanking the principal entrance to the building. They were of Lincoln and Douglas, and were executed by the well-known sculptor, Mr. Charles J. Mulligan. In adopting the method of construction by day labor in lieu of submitting same to contract, your committee believe it has saved to the State in cost of building upwards of $35,000. The method pursued necessitated much work and anxiety on the part of the building com- mittee, but the saving to the State was compensation for the effort and for the risk taken. 45 a z Q CQ o z _1 _1 o o Di z g H c U U] cr: Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Report of the Committee on Grounds, Exterior and Interior Decoration, and Fur- nishing of Building. By J. N. C. SHUMWAY, Chairman The style of architecture of the Illinois Building was that of the period of Louis XVI, which with its exterior features of broad veran- das and terraces, and ornate stages or stories rising to a lofty dome, demanded heavy ornamentation. On two sides of the dome were placed large sculpture groups symbolical of Agriculture and Manufac- tory, and heavy doric columns supporting the main entrance on the East, which led to a logia, thence through an arch into the main ro- tunda, all having a floor of Mosaic marble, with a seal of the State laid in the center. Resting upon high pedestals, one on each side of the main entrance of the building, were colossal statutes of Abraham Lin- coln and Stephen A. Douglas as they appeared during the time of their celebrated debate throughout Illinois in 1858. The interior decoration of the building was treated in the manner incident to the time of Louis XVI, which was of a florid treatment and of imposing design. The rotunda was decorated with bronze and color and opened to view a triple tier of balconies and a vaulted dome sixty feet above the floor, which were decorated in similar color and design. The walls were of Pompeian red, with centers of pale green stucco cornices, and the large engaged pillars in the walls, as also the columns that supported the balcony, all having cornucopia corbels tinted with ivory and flecked with gold, and a base thirty-six inches high of green marble. The rear part of the rotunda was a raised foyer, furnished with heavy Mission furniture and a grand piano (loaned by the Cable Company of Chi- cago) . Around the walls were mahogany cases filled with manuscript, pictures, and relics of Abraham Lincoln ; the floor and steps leading to it were covered with red Wilton tapestry and the large cathedral stained glass windows were draped with heavy red velour drapery em- broidered in Louis XVI design, as were all the windows in the rotunda, all being hung on separate rods over lace curtains. In the rotunda were six large Stickney Mission davenports, each with an extra thick Spanish leather cushion seat and three Spanish leather pillows. To the right of the rotunda, and partially concealed by sweeping velour portiers, was the gentlemen's resting room furnished with old Spanish I leather top tables, tabourettes, desks, and chairs of Mission Antwerp 47 I» % -MA- \ Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition oak. The walls were of Pompeian red, panelled ceilings, with de- corative cornices, and windows draped in gold velour with l)ands of illuminated leather in shades of green hung over fish-net curtains on separate rods to the sills. The floors being covered by four large rugs, and a circular divan upholstered with Spanish leather in the center of the room. From this room access was had to the superintendents' room and the press room, both furnished in golden oak furniture of necessary and comfortable patterns, with lace curtains at the window^s. To the left of the rotunda, beyond full portiers, through a wide hall, was the ladies' sitting room, similar to the gentlemen's room except that the color scheme was red and pale green ; in the center of the room surrounding a large column of imitation onyx, was a large easy divan of Spanish leather upholstery, and on the floor, placed in a diamond form, were four large olive green rugs, the window draperies were of green moire silk damask, in handsome French design wnth appropriate trimmings. This room was filled with various designs of rockers, chairs, desks, tables, hassocks, and couches all of pale green fiber rush construction in perfect harmony with the decorations, also a piano. Leading from this room was the ladies" toilet, the high windows with ruffled muslin curtains and the furniture of golden oak, and the lava- tory and closets of porcelain made the room all that was desired. To the left, as you entered the ladies' sitting room, was the ladies' retiring room, provided with a princess toilet dresser and three fiber rush couches, tables and chairs, the windows with pink moire silk damask draperies and lace curtains. This room was constantly occupied by ladies who were fatigued or indisposed. On the north and south sides of the logia, and opening into the rotunda were the secretary's office and the hostess' entertaining room, before the double doors of each hung rich portiers, the window^s of each room being draped alike with green crinkled silk with applique ornaments of heraldic design on val- ance, and lace ciu'tains on separate rods. The floors were covered with appropriate rugs and the furniture was of w^eathered oak, Mission style. The verandas and broad terraces were surrounded at appropriate inter- \als with beautiful shaped vases of stafif construction with galvanized iron linings, three feet in diameter and deep enough to hold potted ]jlants and flowers with which they were filled and were kept green and 1)looming; this, tog'ether wath the heavy banks of variegated verdure and shrubbery in the lawn surrounding the building, enhanced the beauty and enjoyment of the view, to the thousands of visitors, who found comfort and rest, seated in the hundreds of garden chairs and settees scattered conveniently over the twenty-eight thousand square feet of veranda and terrace space around this structure. Two broad sweeping stairways with heavy landings both covered with red Wilton tapestry, one on the south and one on the north ascended from the ro- tunda to the balcony with its polished floor and Oriental rugs, and stained glass wnndow^s and sliding doors with art lace curtains ; on the west of which was a large recess artistically decorated and amply fur- nished with fiber rush patterns of desks, chairs, etc., in this room were held many reunions during the Exposition. At the four corners of the 4 49 o z 5 _j D CQ o z -J o -J < C c/5 UJ Q < -J UJ X Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition balcony were large openings out onto a broad gallery from which a view of the entire grounds could be had. On the north and south in the center, hung portiers of mercerized armure with braid trimmings red on the balcony side and green on the inside; behind these portiers were halls flanked on both sides by rooms used for offices and sleep- ing rooms for the hostesses, the matron, and toilet and bath rooms. The one on the north terminating in a large room which was furnished for the use of the Commission and on State occasions by the Governor and for small receptions. It was equipped with Mission furniture of Flemish oak including office desk and leather divan ; the draperies were of soft striped silk in color, draped inside of a six-inch panel, with nile- green velour. having lace curtains on separate rods at windows, and curtains to slide on rods at the door. A large appropriate rug covered most of the floor. Opening off of the southeast corner of this room were two guest chambers, these were handsomely furnished and fitted, one with birds' eye maple, princess dressing table, dresser, chiffonier, commode, rockers and chairs, and the other room with the same articles of furniture in mahogany, both chambers were supplied with brass bed steads of new design and other small articles of appropriate character, including screens, hassocks, waste baskets, cuspidors, chamber sets, etc. The windows were draped, one room in cretonne and the other in madras over lace. The floors of these rooms, as were all the floors of the balcony chambers, were covered with Japanese matting. The other chambers and office rooms on the balcony floors were furnished for constant use w^ith plain substantial enameled iron bedsteads, dress- ers, wash stands, commodes, clothes boxes, desks (where necessary), and such other small appurtenances that were required to complete their furnishings. All the windows being draped with cretonne or madras hangings over muslin curtains. The two bathrooms were sup- plied each with a porcelain tub. lavatory, closet and waste sink, there were supplied throughout the building ten of these closets, nine lava- tories, and one large slate urinal located in the men's wash room in the basement. In the basement reached by stairway off the northwest cor- ner of the rotunda was located the sleeping quarters for the employees, whose constant presence in the building was required, the rooms being finished with plain neat furniture. The building was lighted by electric- ity, the Nernst Lamp being used, suspended without electroliers in the centers of the ornamental squares in the rotunda and adjoining rooms and in the balcony and apex of the dome. These lamps, added to the feature of the decoration, and when lighted made the Illinois Building and its verandas and terraces the most brilliantly illuminated structure of any among the State or foreign group. Commodious cedar bar- rels, one at the southwest and one at the northwest corner just outside of the door of the rotunda, were connected with water filters direct and kept at all times filled with cold pure water, a provision appreciated by thirstv thousands. 53 HOSTESSES OF ILLINOIS BUILDING Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Report of Hostesses By MRS. T. K. CONDIT, Secretary Xo home, no matter how grand or how humble, is complete with- out a hostess and so all the State Buildings at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, wliich were tlie homes for the people of the various States, had their various hostesses. Most of the Commissions of the various States chose one person to serve as hostess for the entire period of the Fair and paid that per- son a suitable salary. By an action of the Illinois Commission this order was changed in Illinois and the wives or daughters of the Com- missioners were to serve in turn as hostesses without salary, thus divid- ing the honors and privileges. According to this ac^ of the Commission the wives or daughters of the Commissioners met in St. Louis at the Planters Hotel on April 29th, 1904, and formed an organization known as the "Illinois Hos- tesses of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The officers of the or ganization were: Mrs. H. M. Dunlap. president; Mrs. T. K. Condit. secretary, and Mrs. Richard Yates, hostess in chief on State occasions. At the same meeting it was decided that the hostesses were to serve two at a time, the time to be so divided that each couple should serve twice and each for an equal period. We drew lots for partners and also for the order of serving. The names of the hostesses and the order and time of serving as carried out through the summer is as follows : May 27 to June 9. Aug. 27 to Sept. 8 . June 10 to June 22, Sept. 9 to Sept. 22 . June 23 to July 5 . . Sept. 23 to Oct. 6 . . July 6 to July 18. . bet. 7 to bet. 20 . . July 19 to July 31 . Oct. 21 to Nov. 3. . Aug. I to Aug. 13 Aug. 14 to Aug. 26 Nov. 17 to Nov. 30 C. N. Travous Edwardsville. T. K. Condit Beardstdwn. H. M. H. M. Dunlap Savov. Rollins Bloomineton. Walter Warder Cairo. J. N. C. Shumway Taylorville. C. F. Coleman Vandalia. \ Mrs. '/ Mrs. j Mrs. / Mrs. i Mrs. / Mrs. j Mrs. / Mrs. C. C. Craig Galesburg-. Airs. J. H. Miller McLeansboro. J. J. Brown Vandalia. John Dadie Chicago. C. N. Travous Edwardsville. .Albert Campbell Effingham. W. L. Mounts Carlinville 55 15 Mrs. i Mrs. ) Mrs. Mrs. Mrs. en J < Q O z o o z z z i tn H ul Q < U en O z u. O > H > z Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Three of our Commissioners' wives were unable to serve. They were: Mrs. J. H. Farrell of Chicago, Mrs. John Pierce of Kewanee, and Mrs. J. P. Mahoney of Chicago. Each lady who served took the duties upon herself at the ap- pointed time and discharged them to the best of her ability. The duties of the hostesses were not arduous but confining, as each hostess gave her entire time to the building and to her duties dur- ing her time of serving. Aside from being a duty, it was a privilege to speak to and try to entertain any who seemed to be alone and lonesome and to do what we could to render aid to any who were over-tired or sick. We con stituted ourselves a reception committee each day to meet anyone who cared to meet us or inquire for friends and were present at all social affairs in our own building, also represented our own dear State of Illinois at all outside social functions to the best of our ability. During the summer an organization of the hostesses of all the State Buildings was formed known as the "Hostesses Association of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition." The object of this organization was purely social. During the summer and fall many very pleasant meetings were held in the various State Buildings. Just before the close of the Exposition the Hostess Association gave a banquet in honor of President Francis and the Board of National Commissioners. On November 25th, our president called a reunion of the Illinois hostesses, and at the same time we entertained the Hostess Association of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at a reception given in the Illi- nois Building in honor of Mrs. Richard Yates. For the entertainment of our guests at this reception "Ceremonial Tea" was served by native Japanese maids as it is served to the nobility and wealthy classes of people in Japan. We certainly enjoyed our reunion but parted w'ith reluctance, won- dering when we would be together again, but happy that we had been able to help to make Illinois a success at the World's Fair and that we had been able to meet and know so many people from all over our State. LIST OF MEETINGS, CONVENTIONS AND RECEPTIONS The meetings and entertainments at the Illinois Buildine were varied. No State in the Union, except possibly Missouri, was repre- sented in such large numbers at the Fair. Our handsome spacious building and the hospitality of our hostesses made all entertainments popular, therefore at all social affairs given in the building, Illinois was honored with representatives from many States and foreign buildings as well as vast numbers from our own State. Not all of the entertainments were given by the Commission. Fre- quently the building was tendered to different organizations in the State and arrangements made entirely by them. There were numerous reunions, conventions, and association meetings. The following is a list of the entertainments, special days, etc., which is as complete as it is possible to compile at the close of the Fair: 37 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition May 27. — Dedication of Tllinois Building-. June 10. — Western Reserve [Military Academy, Upper Alton. 111. June 16. — Illinois Graduates of Oxford University. June 24. — Decatur Cadets informal reception. June 28 to July i. — Headquarters for Illinois teachers to the Na- tional Educational Association. June 29. — Reception to Illinois teachers and friends with pro- gram of speeches by leading educators of the State. Julv I. — Chicago Oral Teachers Club reception. Addresses by educators from Sta^^e Institutions for Blind and Deaf, music by blind pupils and a drama in one act by deaf children. Julv 4. — California and Illinois united to celebrate with speeches by men from both States. Gov. Pardee of California, gave principal address. July 12. — Reception Second Infantry Illinois National Guards. Col. Stewart. July 14. — The acting hostesses entertain the Hostess Association of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, it being a regular business meet- ing followed by social hour. July 15. — Reception by Commission to all Illinois people visiting the Fair. July 19. — Reception First Infantry Illinois National Guards, Col. Sanborn. July 25. — Informal reception to a body of L'ni\ersity of Illinois boys who w'ere camping on the Fair grounds. July 26. — Reception Seventh Infantry Illinois National (niards. Col. Moriarty. August 9. — Reception Third Infantry Illinois National Guards. Col. Fisher. August i^). — Reception to Governor and ]^Irs. Yates. August 23. — Reception Fourth Infantry Illinois National Guards, Col. Tanner. August 24. — Bunker Hill Day. Augiist 25. — Eightieth Illinois N^oluntcers, reunion. August 30. — State Press Association, entertained with ladies to dinner at East Pavilion by Commission. August 31. — Reception to Illinois Society of St. Louis by Com- mission. 59 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Sept. I, 2, 3. — Meeting of the Chambers, Bowlus, Remsburg and Shawl Reunion Association. Sept. 6. — Musical by Herman Lehann. noted boy pianist. Sept. 14. — Thirty-third Illinois Infantry Veteran Association, re union. Sept. 15. — Cesna family reunion. Sept. 16. — Belleville Day. Sept. 19. — Thirty-ninth Annual Reunion of Eighth Illinois Cav- alry Association. Sept. 20. — Eighty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry Association. Sept. 21, 22. — Illinois Days. Sept. 22. — Columbia Day. Sept. 22. — Illinois Naval Reserve, Capt. Darby. Oct. I. — Recital by Madam Anna Weiss, pianist, and Wm. A. Willett, baritone, both of Chicago. Oct. 6, 7. — One hundred orphans from Lincoln Masonic Home make building their headquarters. Oct. 8. — Chicago Day. Oct. 8. — Recital by same talent as October i. Oct. 9. — Sacred concert, 3 p. m. for Chicago visitors. Oct. II. — Reception from 4 to 6 p. m. Illinois Chapters of the Daughters of the American Revolution receive the National officers and visitors. The Marquise de Souza, court singer to Portugal, sang. Oct. 13. — Illinois Central passenger agents meeting. Oct. 13. — Illinois Central Land Agents Association. Oct. 14. — Piano recital by Verner Henchie of Springfield, assisted by Milton Lutz, violin, of Decatur. Oct. 14, 15. — Tenth Missouri Infantry reunion. Oct. 18, 19. — Annual convention of Bankers Association of Illi- nois. Oct. 18. — Reception to Bankers Association of Illinois. Oct. 19. — American Association of Farmers Institute Workers convention. Oct. 19. — Reception to American Association of Farmers Insti- tute Workers. Oct. 20. — Missionary convention of Christian Church. 60 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Oct. 21. — Reception by St. Louis Live Stock Exchange to Na- tional Live Stock Exchange. Oct. 24 to 28. — National Creamery Butter Makers Association. Oct. 28. — Musical by Garnett Hedge, baritone, of Chicago ; Mrs Claude Wyant, reader, of Toledo. Oct. 31. — Waterloo Day. Nov. 25. — Reunion of Illinois Hostesses and reception by them to Hostess Association of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, in honor of Mrs. Richard Yates, from 2 to 5 p. m. Nov. 25. — Dinner for Commission and guests at West Pavilion at 6 p. M. 61 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Lincoln Memorial Exhibit Committee-J. H. MILLER, Chairman. J. N. C. SHUMWAY. H. M. DUNLAP MADE UNDER DIRECTION OF THE ILLINOIS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY Reported by MRS. JESSIE PALMER WEBER, Secretary As soon as the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Ex- position had been appointed, the members of the Illinois State Histori- cal Society felt that it woidd be fitting that the Society should make an exhibit and show to the people of Illinois and of other States and coun- tries the kind of work which the Society is doing and planning to do. A committee was appointed from the Society to confer with ^he Com- mission and ask that some portion of the State's appropriation for the Exposition be allotted to the Historical Society for the purj^ose of mak- ing an historical exhibit. The most active members of this Committee were : Capt. J. H. Burnham, Dr. Edmund J. James and Prof. Edwin Earle Sparks. It was. in a large measure, due to the untiring efforts of Capt. J. H. Burnham that the Commission. 'with the multiplicity of demands upon it. made an appropriation to the Society of two thousand dollars ($2,000). The Commission having made the appropriation — the matter of using it came before the annual meeting of the Historical Society in January. 1904. At that meeting it was voted that the mat- ter of the exhibit with full power to act be referred to the Board of Trustees of the Illinois State Historical Library. This Board, consist- ing of Dr. E. J. James and Mr. George N. Black, accepted the trust and it was under the direct su]:)er\'ision and direction of ]\Ir. Geo. N. Black that the exhibit was planned, collected and placed in the Illinois Building. As the fund was small and the time brief for the prepara- tion of the exhibit, the Trustees of the Library decided that no better and more appropriate exhibit could be made than a manuscript and pictorial life of Abraham Lincoln. — these manuscripts and pictures to be arranged so plainly that they coidd be imders^ood and ajjpreciated by all. Illinois has a glorious history and among her sons and daughters are many heroes, but the brightest ]iage of her history and one of her titles to world-wide fame is that Al)raham Lincoln was one of her citi- zens. The ])lan of the exhibit was to utilize all tlie possible space and as this was the only exhibit in the Illinois Building, it was made as hand- some in appearance as possible. 63 u z. 5 . 5 CQ I t/) o z Zj 2 O H U LU _1 < o -J O u z Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber, the Secretary of the Historical Society made trips to Washington, D. C. Louisville, Ky., Chicago, and other cities visiting- the leading Lincoln collections in the United States and the official records in Washington, obtaining as much original matter as possible and fac-similie photographs of papers where the original could not l)e obtained, and the photographs of persons and places con- nected with the life of Abraham Lincoln. Mr. Charles F. Gunther, of Chicago, loaned much valuable matter from his splendid collection, as did Mr. Jesse W. Weik of Greencastle, Indiana, and Mr. H. E. Barker of Springfield. The plan of the exhibit was to have a com- plete manuscript and pictorial life of Lincoln. Accordingly, sixteen large wall frames handsomely labeled in gold letters were prepared. The labels read as follows : I 2 3 4 5 6. 8. Ancestry of Lincoln. Youth of Lincoln. Lincoln at New Salem. Lincoln as a Surveyor. Lincoln in the Black Haw^k War. Lincoln as a Lawyet^ (tw^o cases). Lincoln in Congress. Domestic Life of Lin- coln. 9- lO. 1 1. 12. 13- 14. 15- Lincoln and Douglas. Lincoln and Douglas De- bates. Lincoln and the Founda- tion OF THE Republican Party. The Campaign of i860. Lincoln in Washington, The Cabinet. The War of Rebellion. Assassination and Death. The titles indicate the character of the contents. In the first of these cases "The Ancestry of Lincoln," is a photo- graph, an exact reproduction of the letters, patent and field notes of survey of four hundred (400) acres of land from the State of Vir- ginia, to Abraham Lincoln (the name is spelled "Linkhorn"), grand- father of the President Abraham Lincoln. Then the plan of fortifica- tion of block house at Hughes' Station Kentucky, where the first Ab- raham Lincoln lived. It w^as just outside of this block house station that this Abraham Lincoln was killed by the Indians. Thomas Lin- coln, his son (father of the late Abraham Lincoln), was, after this cruel murder of his father, a noted Indian hater and Indian fighter. This case contains a copy of the records of the County Clerk of Wash- ington County, Ky., containing an exact photograph of the record of the marriage of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks, the parents of Mr. Lincoln. This entry is in the form of a record or return to the County Clerk of the marriages performed by the Rev. Jesse Head, a pioneer Methodist preacher, who performed the marriage ceremony, uniting the man and woman wdio were destined to be the parents of one of the world's greatest heroes. A picture of the old preacher accom- panies this paper and there are other papers which are intended to set at rest the great calumny wdiich is even now whis])ered against the fair name of the mother of Abraham Lincoln. The next case — "The 65 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Youth of Lincoln," contains a picture of his stepmother, Mrs. Sallie Bush Lincoln, and of the license which was issued for the marriage of Thomas Lincoln and this, his second wife, pictures of his Indiana friends, his mother's tomb and a fac-simile of Lincoln's famous youth- ful doggerel written on the leaf of his old grammar, the title page of which is exactly reproduced. The poem ( ?) reads: " Abraham Lincoln, his hand and pen. He will be good, but God knows when." This youthful writing shows something of the characteristic hand- writing which became so famous in later days. " Lincoln at New Salem," treats of the days of wrestling matches, store keeping and Ann Rutledge. Pictures of his political life are here reproduced. A fac-simile of a letter written by Mr. Lincoln, as post- master of New Salem, the original tally sheet of an election in "Clary's Grove Precinct," Aug"ust i, 1831, containing the actual record of Mr. Lincoln's first vote, is one of the many interestingpapersrelatingtothis period of his life, as well as the copy of a "Bond Berry and Lincoln to keep a tavern." These are actual parts of the records of Sangamon County. In "Lincoln as a Surveyor" are many original papers, petitions for the opening of roads and the reports of surveys, original maps (Mr. Lincoln's own work) neat, clear and well-preserved after the lapse of nearly three-quarters of a century. "Lincoln in the Black Hawk War" is characteristic of the episode in Mr. Lincoln's life, of which he, himself, said that "it was the proud- est moment of his life when he was elected captain of his company." A fine picture of Black Hawk from McKenney's gallery and the orig- inal muster rolls of the Illinois troops in the Black Hawk War. There are also pictures of Col. Robt. Anderson, who was the officer that mus- tered Mr. Lincoln into the service of the United States during the Black Hawk War and was later the hero of Ft. Sumter; of Jefferson Davis as he appeared at that period, as a young lieutenant, and of Capt. Elijah lies, who was at one time captain of the Company in which Mr. Lincoln served and in after years an influential citizen of Springfield and a friend of Mr. Lincoln. "Lincoln as a Lawyer" has much rare original matter, letters and papers. Legal papers of the firm of Stuart & Lincoln — of the firm of Lincoln & Herndon, and many characteristic letters showing the trend of Mr. Lincoln's mind. A rare original one is that in which he advises his client to settle the matter with his adversary out of court and promising not to charge him a fee if he does so. An amusing item is a card issued during the campaign of 1864 (of course, not by Mr. Lincoln), which reads as follows: 66 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition "To whoiii It May Concern: A. Lincoln, Attorney and Counsellor at Law. Springfield, Illinois. "My old customers and others, no doubt, know of the terrible time I have had in crossing the stream and will be glad to know that I will be back on the other side, from which I started, on or before the Fourth of March next, when I will be ready to swap horses, dispense law, make jokes, split rails, and perform other matters in a small way." In the collection "Lincoln as a Lawyer" are fac-simile photo- graphs of the papers in the famous case of Mr. Lincoln as attorney for the Illinois Central Railroad and in this case Mr. Lincoln was obliged to bring suit for his fee. Accompanying these papers is an affidavit from prominent members of the Central Illinois bar certifying that the fee charged was not excessive. Mr. Lincoln won his suit with costs. This fee, $5,000.00, was the largest fee he ever received. The Illinois Central road has issued a most beautiful book containing photographs of these papers, and a copy of the pass used by Mr. Lincoln as an at- torney for the railroad. This book is also a part of the exhibit. This case contains letters on legal matters from O. H. Browning, Leonard Swett and other friends, and rare and curious legal papers. "Lincoln in Congress" was most noted for the fact that he did not heartily favor the war with Mexico. Some of our Illinoisans bore prominent part in that struggle and the gallant John J. Hardin lost his life in it. Pictures of Mr. Lincoln's Illinois colleagues in the House of Representatives of the United States appear and fac-similes of papers bearing upon their course in Congress. Wm. H. Bissell gained great distinction in the Mexican War but he figures most in the exhibit, which is marked "Lincoln and the foundation of the Re- publican Party." "The domestic life of Lincoln" is one of the most interesting of the exhibits. There is a beautiful picture of Mrs. Lincoln and of the house in which they were married and various pictures of the "home" now a shrine for Americans and which is the property of the State of Illinois. The actual marriage license and clergyman's return, pictures of Mr. and Mrs. Ninian W. Edwards, the sister and brother-in-law of Mrs. Lincoln and in whose hospitable home Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln were married. Intimate friends are pictured, too, and letters which relate to personal and domestic matters. The exhibit contains a priceless treasure in having the skirt of the gown in which Mrs. Lincoln was married. It is a very pretty white brocaded satin, made much as skirts are now made, and, of course, made entirely by hand. It was owned by Mrs. Wallace, the sister of Mrs. Lincoln. She had worn it at her own wedding a few years be- fore and as Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln decided rather hastily to be married 67 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at once, the bride having no appropriate gown borrowed her sisters' dress. At the wedding some coffee was spilled on the skirt and so the dress was never worn again. This dress, more than sixty years old, is still in the family of Mrs. Walter L. Patterson, a granddaugh- ter of Mrs. Wallace. Mrs. Patterson very kindly loaned this to the exhi])it. In this exhibit are fac-simile copies of Mr. Lincoln's letters to Mary Owen, an early sweetheart. The photographs are so exact that one must be told that they are copies or it would be thought they were originals. These are surely the cjueerest love-letters and pro- posal of marriage that any woman ever received. It has been said that Mr. Lincoln never recovered from the death of Ann Rutledge, his boyhood sweetheart, and that may have been why these letters are so free from sentiment ; at any rate, ]\Iary Owen found another lover and the originals of these letters are owned by her son. Other friends are pictured there and papers and letters relating to the children and friends of Mr. Lincoln appear. In this exhibit is a fine photograph of Mr. Robt. T. Lincoln, the only surviving' child of Mr. Lincoln, and which was the gift to the collection of Mr. Robt. T. Lincoln. The "Lincoln and Douglas" cases contain rare pictures of Stephen A. Douglas and of his family and friends, as well as original letters of Mr. Douglas. Much of the Douglas matter is the property of Mr. J. McCan Davis of Springfield, who loaned it for the exhibit. Accom- panying these is an original copy of the Lincoln and Douglas debates and the pictures of places and people prominent at that time and con- nected with Mr. Lincoln. "Lincoln and the foundation of the Republican Party" is mainly devoted to the Bloomington Convention of 1856, and to Mr. Lincoln's letters to friends on the subject of the Anti-Nebraska" agitation, which stirred men's souls at that time. There is a picture of Gen. John M. Palmer, who was chairman of the Boomington convention and a pict- ure of the survivors of the same convention. This last was taken in May, 1900, when the McLean Historical Society entertained the few who remained of that historic band. Pictures and letters of Lyman Trumbull and O. H. Browning also are a part of this exhibit and there is a picture of Wm. H. Bissell nominee of the convention for Gover- nor, a picture of the elder Richard Yates and an original report of the Springfield Republican Convention of 1858, in which Mr. Lincoln made his famous "House divided against itself" speech. The cam- paign of i860 is a most interesting part of the exhibit. The picture of "\\'igwam" at Chicago, where Mr. Lincoln was nominated for the presidency, of William Seward, his principal op- ponent before the convention for high honors of the nomination, the most prominent men who took part in its deliberations, Horace Gree- ley, Carl Schurz, and George Ashman, of Mass., chairman of the con- vention, Mr. Lincoln's letter of acceptance and much more of deepest interest which must be omitted for want of space, but some speeches of Mr. Lincoln's in fac-simile must not be omitted for they are character - 68 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition istic of him in writing and in phraseology: The "Lincoln in Wash- ington" and "The War of Rebellion," contain the farewell address to his neighbors and friends, pictures of his friends who accompanied him, including an early one of John Hay, who left Springfield as the Secretary of Mv. Lincoln, and who-, under the tutelage of Mr. Lincoln and from the deep study of his life and its message to humanity, has developed along grand lines and is toda}^ one of the foremost statesman of the world. This is a picture of Mr. Lincoln taken with the two young men, his secretaries and afterwards his biographers, John Hay and John G. Nicolay. Pictures and letters illustrating this period of Mr. Lincoln's life make up this exhibit. A picture of Hannibal Ham- lin, vice-president at his first election, and of Andrew Johnson, vice- president at Mr. Lincoln's second election, and who succeeded him after the assassination, the members of his cabinet. These contain exact photographic copies of his inaugural messages, the emancipation proclamation, his last Thanksgiving proclamation, military passes and other papers obtained from the records of the State Department at \\'ashington ; letters on political and military matters, his notable tele- gram to Gen. Grant before the fall of Richmond and much beside, that is of priceless historic value and interest, pictures are given of the Major-General, whom Illinois gave to the nation and of the great "War Governor" who worked so effectively for the safety of the country. Last comes "The Assassination and Death," this last part, this sad ending to this glorious panorama is also comple'^e in detail. The program of the "Our American Cousin," with ^Miss Laura Keene in the leading part, appears, pictures of Miss Harris and Major Rathbone. who accompanied President and Mrs. Lincoln to the play, are given, pictures of the party and of all the shameful con- spirators, the house to which he was carried and many papers and pro- clamations relating to the crime, which shocked Christendom, are giv- en; original newspapers are exhibited from New York, Philadelphia, and other cities, giving accounts of the crime in detail, the arrival at Springfield of the remains of the martyred chief, who had not visited his home since he had left it uttering the tender words of farewell to his neighbors and friends. The official programs of the funeral pro- cession with the lines of march and the names of officials; then, of the tomb as it first appeared, and as it has been reconstructed. There are many pictures of l\Ir. Lincoln in these different cases, as nearly as possible as he appeared at the age at which the events de- picted occurred — many of them being rare and valuable. There are more than thirty framed pictures of ]\Ir. Lincoln beside the smaller photographs and other pictures, which appear in the cases and show cases. Lender the wall cases were arranged four large show cases, con- taining articles which were too large for the wall cases or which were left out for want of space ; among these is a plaster bust or statuette of Mr. Lincoln made by Leonard Volk when he was in Springfield en- gaged on his noted statue of Lincoln. Mr. Volk made two of these — one of which he kept for liis own collection, the other, which is the one 69 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition exhibited in this collection, he took, personally, to the office of the Illi- nois State Journal in Springfield and presented it to Mr. E. L. Baker, then one of the proprietors of the Journal. Mr. Baker was afterwards appointed a United State Consul in South America and he left the bust in the office. When the Journal Company was dissolved, this bust fell to the share of Mr. J. D. Roper and it is now his property. There have been hundreds of books written about Mr. Lincoln but the Historical Society had only space to exhibit some of the most rare ; among them the first published life of Lincoln. This was published simultaneously by the New York Tribune and the Chicago Tribune, i860. It was written by one of the editors of the Chlicago Tribune, Mr. John Locke Scripps. It is only a little pamphlet and is called "Tribune Tracts No. 6. It is so very scarce that when Mrs. F. B. Dyche, the daughter of Mr. Scripps, wished to reprint it as a memorial to her father, she had the greatest difficulty in finding a copy. She succeeded, however, and the Cranbrook Press of Detroit brought out, in 1900, a beautiful illuminated reprint, in gorgeous dress and size, of the modest little pamphlet, which at the time of its publication sold at the rate of twenty dollars ($20) a thousand copies — now, a single copy of it brings as many dollars. The various campaign lives are in the collections — "The Life of Lincoln," by Ward H. Lamon; "Herndon's Life of Lincoln;" Isaac N. Arnold's Biographies ; Lives of Lincoln in the French and German Languages ; Miss Tarbell's sumptuous volumes and others equally rare and interesting. A copy of Blackstone from the law office of Lincoln & Herndon, with the name of the firm on the fly leaf, is one of the most interesting books of the collection. A frame contains the Lincoln coat of arms and another contains the postage stamps of various denominations which have been issued by the United States Government on which the features of Mr. Lincoln appear. These are but a few of the many ob- jects of interest which the Illinois State Historical Society has collected for this exhibit. An attempt only has been made to show that the object of the collection has been to prepare and place upon the walls of the Illinois Building at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, a plain and simple life of Abraham Lincoln, the greatest citizen of the State of Illinois, and the greatest American of his generation, and to arrange it so plainly that the plainest citizen or the smallest child, who can read, may read the story of his life and appreciate Abraham Lincoln, the plain man of the people, the citizen of Illinois. 70 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Agricultural Exhibit Committee— C. C. CRAIG, Chairman, C. N. TRAVOUS, H. M. DUNLAP Reported by C. C. CRAIG, Chairman The Committee on Agriculture of the Illinois Commission through its chairman, begs leave to submit the following report of its work in connection with the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904, Soon after the organization of the Commission, the different members were assigned to various committees. The Agricultural Committee was organized and the scope and character of the exhibit to be made by Illinois was carefully considered. Other States and countries might be satisfied with showing their products for the purpose of attracting immigration and selling or settling the land within their borders, but it was felt that Illinois should in addition to setting forth its advantages in this respect, show some of the things that farmers of the present day are interested in knowing. So it was early planned to make this exhibit as instructive as possible and to illustrate recent researches and discoveries and experiments in practical farming as well as to make a comprehensive exhibit of the agricultural products of Illinois. It would have been a comparatively easy matter to have arranged with professional exhibitors and growers of agricultural products to furnish unlimited quantities of the corn, cereals, grasses and other products of the State for exhibition and arrange same in an attractive manner. This, however, had been done in almost every previous agri- cultural exhibit made by the State and had we stopped at this, there would have been nothing to show the progress made in scientific farm- ing and research for the past eleven years, since the great Columbia Exposition at Chicago, and in fact, nothing new or particularly useful other than wdiat the world has become familiar with in past exposi- tions. A great many things have been discovered within the last few years, and facts of inestimable value to the farmers of this and other States, by the work of the Agricultural Department of the State Uni- versity, and through the Farmer's Institutes and various agricultural societies and private individuals, who have devoted their time to thoughtful, progressive, and successful agricultural experiments. It was also deemed best to keep the exhibit along these lines with- in practical bounds to show what would be to the benefit of every 71 ^^^RBi^ 'V Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition farmer from every section of the State in his ordinary every-day work. With this idea in view, the committee communicated with the \ arious members of the State Board of Agriculture, the instructors of the -\g- ricultural Department at the State University at Urbana, the officers of the State Farmer's Institute, The Illinois Corn Breeders, and the Illinois Corn Growers Association, and other ag-ricultural societies, and individual farmers, whose advice was at all times freely given, and was found to be of the greatest value in getting up tlie exhibit. In every instance the gentlemen that we consulted, agreed with tis as to the proposed character of the exhibit and that the exhibit was so great a success, is very largely due to the interest taken and the time atid thought spent by those persons and associations of the State, who are interested in the encouragement and advancement of farming. It was, also, determined by this conimittee after extended con- sultation, to devote entire attention to the exploitation of those pro- ducts, which can be grown most sucessfully and profitably within the limits of this State. While the interests of our own State were, of course, always given the iirst consideration, such an exhibit would be of just as much interest and value to adjoining States, or in fact any countries of the temperate zone, where similar conditions of climate and soil exist as in the State of Illinois. Accordingly, it was determined to exploit the principal crop of the State, which surpasses all others in value that of corn. It is not necessarv here to go into details or statistics to show the importance of this crop to the people of our State. The annual production in bushels, the value, the number of per- sons whose welfare is cbrec^ly concerned in the growing and handlirig of coi"n, and the manufacture of the various products of corn, are all estimated in figures that are almost incomprehensible; suffice it to say that the value of this crop raised in the State of Illinois, is from two hundred to three himdred millions of dollars every year. It is the greatest crop in the United States, its value, when gathered from the fields, was a round billion of dollars in 1903, and more than that in 1904, and its value as it left the farmer's hands was greater. There are more persons directly affected by the value and cpiantity of this crop, than any other cereal grown in the world. There is no other cereal, which can be put to so many uses, profitably, as corn. While its use is pretty generally understood as food for men and beast, and while two of its princii)al products, alcohol and glucose are known to be tised extensively in the arts and sciences and in the manufacture of many products in daily use, it is not generally known that sugar, rubber, oils, and syrups of various kinds, as well as some fifty other products, are being manufactured and their use is being extended every year, which with the extending use of this ci"op in foreign countries, tends to increase the value of this great product and the consequent prosper- ity of those engaged in its cultivation and manufacttire. The aggregated efTect of every practical discovery that tends to improve the quality or increase the quantity of the corn crop, or facili- tate its handling, or finds a new use for it, can hardly be estimated. 73 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ONE SECTION OF CORN EXHIBIT BY FARMER BOYS While the quality and quantity of the corn crop, always depends in great part upon the season and fertility of the soil and proper cultiva- tion, it has been demonstrated that the average yield is increased and improved from ten to twenty per cent., other conditions which cannot be controlled being equal, by the proper breeding of true types best adapted to the locality where grown and the careful selection of seed therefrom. It was, therefore, determined to illustrate as far as pos- sible, all these things. We, also, planned to exhibit choice specimens of wheat, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, kaffir corn, clover, broom corn, and other grains and grasses, and did exhibit those varieties that can best be raised in the different sections of our State. The grains were shown both in the sheaf and threshed. We, also, collected over one hundred varieties of native woods from different sections of the State. The question next in importance now before the farmers of this and adjoining States, is the matter of maintaining and adding to the fertility of the soil. It is impossible even in Illinois to raise corn or any other cereal, season after season, without exhausting the soil and the question is how to diversify or rotate the crops so as to get the best crops and the most crops from the land and at the same time by prop- erly alternating with leguminous products and grasses, to restore and retain the necessary fertile elements in the soil. A series of experiments have been conducted along these lines by the experiment station at the State University at Urbana for the past 74 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition several years and the work is now in progress of collecting soils from each locality in the State with a view of making a complete and accur- ate soil map of the State. It was determined to illustrate this work and this was faithfully done at the Exposition under the direction of Prof. C. G. Hopkins, and his assistant Mr. L. H. Smith of the State University, and on a scale and with a completeness of detail not here- tofore attempted on any similar occasion. The report of this exhibit is hereto appended. The committee was early on the ground when space was assigned to the various States and countries in the Agricultural Building, and secured for the Illinois exhibit spaces 47 and 48, next to the center aisle and near the middle of the building. The plans for the installation were made and submitted by Mr. Seth J. Temple of the State Univer- sity, and bids for the construction of the same were advertised for, and contracts closed. Soon after the organization of the committee, Mr. Will B. Otwell, of Carlinville, who needs no introduction to the farmers of Illinois, as a practical thinker and active worker, in the State Farmer's Institute and in all that pertains to the advancement of agricultural interests, was appointed superintendent of agriculture and from that time on, devoted his efforts to the collection and installation of the exhibit, and it is to his active supervision that much of the success of the exhibit is due. Mr. Otwell. with the idea of stimulating study and interest in high class farming among those, who are at the best age to learn, and who will in a few years succeed to the active management of the farm- ing interests of the State, got up what is known as the Farmer Boy's Corn Contest of Illinois. Subscriptions were solicited from various societies and persons, of those who were interested in the advancement of agriculture, and upwards of three thousand dollars in prizes was donated by them to be awarded to the successful exhibitors among the farmer boys. The conditions of the contest were advertized through the State Farmers Institute and County Institutes to the boys of the State and these prizes were offered for those who would respond and send in ex- hibits in ten ear lots of corn that they had raised themselves. These prizes were offered without expense to the Commission. The contest proved very popular and stimulated great interest among the young and coniing farmers of the State, so much so that several thousand, representing every County in the State, entered the contest and over one thousand individual exhibits of remarkably fine corn, grown by these boys under the conditions of this contest, were placed on exhibi- tion. This helped to create an unusual amount of interest in our exhibit not only from the people of this, but from other States and countries, and was in the opinion of every one interested in such matters, the best and largest exhibit of corn ever got together at one time, and the man- ner in which it was done and the personnel of the exhibitors made it one of the most interesting exhibits ever shown. This exhibit was one of those, which took the grand prize. The idea originated with 75 Report of ihe Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ONE SECTION OF CORN EXHIBIT BY FARMER BOYS Mr. Otwell, and was carried out by liim, and is more fully detailed in his report, which is appended. During- the fall and winter of 1903 most of the exhibits were col- lected by the committee and by Mr. Otwell. and safely stored in Car- linville, and as soon as the Palace of Agriculture was ready for occu- pancy, these exhibits were shipped in carload lots to St. Louis and the work of installino- them commenced. Mr. R. F. Garten of Princeton, Illinois, a grain i)icture artist, had charge of the grain pictures and decorations and made a very attractive display. Mr. E. E. Chester of Champaign, Illinois, assisted during the in- stallation in selecting and classifying the show corn. The ins'^allation and exhibit was completed early in May, soon after the Fair opened, except the soil exhibit which was not finished in all its details until about a month later. The Corn Products Company of Chicago, kind- ly donated to the committee, an assortment of some thirty new by- products of corn, which have been manufactured by them in the last few years, including different varieties of glucose, starch, jM'Oteins. and different varieties of sugar, rubber, dextrine, corn oils, syrups, etc.. which were exhibited in large jars arranged in the form of a pyramid. The entire agricultural exhibit covered 10,000 square feet of floor space. During the Fair additions were made from time to time as the season progressed and specimens of grains and corn from the crop of 76 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition 1904 was added from time to time. The Funk Brothers Seed Com- pany of Bloomington. contributed a very creditable display of differ- ent ^•arieties of corn and oats and other grains. The Bloomington Canning Company of Bloomington exhibited a fine display of canned vegetables. The exhibit was installed and kept up during- the Fair at an ex- pense of less than $20,000, $18,000 of which amount was originally allotted to this committee from the appropriation, and supplemented later with an additional amount. Mr. \V. T. Brown, of Carlinville, acted as assistant superintendent from the time the exhibit was installed until the close of the Fair. The exhibit as completed, showed the variety and character of Illinois soils, and also, showed the elements, which they contain and what they lacked in various portions of the State. The proper treat- ment, cultivation, and fertilization, necessary to bring each kind of soil to the standard and keep it there ; the products that could be raised to best advantage on these soils ; the method of raising them, and the appearance and characteristics of these crops at various stages of their growth ; the best seed to plant, and finally, the grown and ripened pro- ducts and the various articles manufactured therefrom, and the uses to which they could most successfully and profitably be put; attendants were engaged, who were able to fully explain the various features of the exhibit, and as there were so many things that had never been ex- hibited or shown anywhere before, the exhibit appealed strongly to those interested in farming. The Illinois space proved very popular and was daily thronged with large crowds of people. Of the millions of visitors, who- came to the Fair, nearly all of them at some time or another, visited the Agri- cultural Building and the Illinois Agricultural Building exhibit, 139.- 000 persons registered there, and the comments made by agricultural papers and the Press generally ; the illustrations of portions of the ex- hibit that have appeared in different magazines ; the inquiries made of members of this committee, and the superintendent of agriculture, both orally and by mail, by the Commissioners and exhibitors from foreign countries, and the deep interest displayed, in the scientific features of the exhibit, by visitors and prominent farmers from this and other States, and awards received, speak more for the merits and success of this exhibit, than anything we could say here. The only attempt made to furnish an exhibit along the same lines as Illinois, was that in a portion of the German section of the Agricul- tural Building, in which there was a very elaborate and complete in- stallation of scientific apparatus and labora^^ory work used in agricul- tural experiments as well as illustrations of seeding and growth of various grains on different soils. This, however, while very complete and elaborate, was not in such shape as to be readily understood by the average visitor, and even if understood, would fail to bring home the simple truths impressed by the Illinois exhibit. While this committee does not claim to have advanced any new or startling discoveries in agriculture, we tried with the means at our command to make an ex- hibit that was creditable to the State we represented, and we l)elieve 77 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition that the nature of the exhibit, and the manner of installing and con- ducting the same, has resulted in material good to the people of the State and their interests. This committee appreciates the assistance given by the President of the Commission, himself a practical farmer, who, as a member of the committee, took an active part in all its work and we also desire to express our appreciation of the cordial support and assistance of the other members of the Commission in all our plans and undertakings. We append herewith the reports of Mr. Otwell, Superintendent of Agriculture, Mr. E. E. Chester, President of the Illinois Corn Breed- ers Association, and the Agricultural Department of the State Univer- sity, as well as a list of the prizes and awards, all of which is respect- fully submitted. STATE SEAL IN GRAINS AND GRASSES 78 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Agricultural Exhibtt CONTINUED. By W. B. OTWELL. Carlinville. Superintendent To the Coininitfce on Agriculture of the Illinois Commission: Gentlemen : — From the ver}'- start it was agreed by the Illinois Commission and the Superintendent that the agricultural display at the World's Fair should be plain, massive and educational. It was thought that if, when the exhibit should be dismantled, its effects were all gone, and only during the period of the Fair, it should be attractive, then it would be considered more or less a failure. But, if on the other hand, an exhibit could be installed that would be plain, educational and repre- sentative of the agricultural resources of the great State of Illinois and its lessons brought out so forcefully during the Fair that when the Ex- position should be over and the exhibit torn down, its lessons should go on doing good for long years afterward, then it would be considered truly a success. Accordingly this plan was adopted and the work pro- ceeded in harmony with the idea. It was decided that corn, pure bred corn, should be the great cen- tral product and that it should be surrounded by all the other seeds, grains, and grasses of the farm. In order to intensify the interest in a corn exhibit and make it rep- resent as near as possible, all sections of the State and draw into interest as many corn growers as possible, a corn show was held in connection with the State Farmers' Institute that convened in Decatur on Feb. 23-24-25, 1904. Four hundred dollars in cash premiums were offered on both white and yellow corn to be classified as first, second, third, fourth, and fifth premiums, for the corn growing districts of Northern, Central, and Southern Illinois. Gold medals were also offered for the sweep stakes white or yellow for the entire State. This not only brought out a large display, but it beyond question brought together the finest display of pure bred corn ever seen in Illi- nois. Fifty of these exhibits were taken to St. Louis and as each ex- hibit was for 100 ears it made 5,000 ears of as fine corn as one would care to see. This started a widespread interest in our corn exhibit throughout the State and by the time it was all installed at St. Louis, it is estimated that we had 40,000 ears of fine corn upon exhibition and it came from^ all sections of the State. It was thought advisable to try to surpass all other States on the one great agricultural product, corn, rather than spread out over too 79 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition many other products and as a result, it was admitted by all superior corn judges, early in the Fair, that Illinois had beUer corn and more of it than any other State at the Fair. Another feature of our great corn exhibit was the display of the pure bred varieties of Illinois.. This was freely commented on at St. Louis by farmers and corn judges from oMier States and it was but fitting that Illinois should lead in pure bred corn, since our State was first to advance the principles of corn breeding. Many States will fol- low our example in the matter of breeding corn and to thousands of in- terested farmers, the principles of breeding corn were explained and no doubt but that upon thousands of farms, throughout the United States, corn will be grown the coming year according to the rules as laid down by the Corn Breeders of Illinois. Likewise many members of the Corn Growers Organization of the State furnished their best corn and they have been given, like the Corn Breeders Organization, places of prominence in the agricultural exhibit so as to exploit their choice products in the best possible man- ner. Great interest has been taken in our exhibit by farmers from every section of the United States, for they felt that they could come to Illi- nois to find the most advanced ideas in corn culture and the best and purest of seed for their fields the coming year. Those in charge of the agricultural exhibit of Illinois can testify that the farmers of the United States, who visited our display in order to find the very best corn possible to produce, were delighted with w^hat they found. And in this connection it might be stated that thousands of school teachers from every State came to the Illinois section to study corn, in a more scientific manner than they had ever studied it before. This was especially true of the teachers of the East and South. There was no effort made to collect every known grain or grass or seed that grows upon the farm, but to display such products as were considered most valuable to the different sections of the State. For instance, instead of putting in our display every variety of corn that could be procured — whether of value or not. only the leading standard varieties were installed and such valuable varieties were exhibited in such proportion and in such profusion as to demonstrate their value in different sections of the State. Large displays of wheat, oats, grasses, and grains of all kinds, in sheaf and threshed were exhibited, and it was intended to show both the growth of the root and stalk as well as the grain. As an example, more than thirty varieties of oats were ex- hibited, showing root growth, stalk growth, size and length of head, and beside each variety was one peck of the oats threshed. In one corner of our exhibit was erected a triangle of grain pict- ures, three in number, each six by eight feet, and made entirely of seeds. One picture was that of Abraham Lincoln, another Governor Richard Yates and a third represented the State Seal. Mounted upon one of the large corn pavillions were two other grain pictures each six by eight feet, one representing a summer scene and the other a winter 6 81 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition scene. These large pictures came fully up to the high standard of other grain scenes at the Fair and it is but just to say that they were made by Mr. R. F. Garten of Princeton, Illinois, who has made a success in this line. Upon seven large tables were displayed more than 500 glass bot- tles of seeds ranging from eight ounces to one gallon each. But the feature of our agricultural display that attracted more at- tention than anything else and we are led from a whole summer's ob- servation to say — attracted more favorable inspection and comment, than any other display in the entire Agricultural Building was the im- mense display of corn grown by the farmer boys of Blinois. The Com- mission from the very start determined to make the display by the farmer boys a strong feature of the exhibit and how well their efforts were rewarded is now known by millions of people who visited the Agricultural Building. The Superintendent solicited special premiums to the amount of $3,500. Circulars describing the Farmer Boys Corn Contest were placed in the hands of 120,000 farmer boys in Blinoisi Eight thousand entered the contest. The prize corn — more than one thousand exhibits of ten ears each. was beautifully and plainly installed in such a manner that the quantity and Cjuality of the corn was in plain sight and upon more than six hun- dred of these little piles of corn, were placed the photograph of the boy who raised it. Above these two vast pyramids of white and yellow corn, each twenty by thirty feet was a handsome banner inscribed : "Grown by the Farmer Boys of Illinois." This corn was of fine type and cjuality, quite uniform in appear- ance and measurement and with the significant sign above it and the bright open-faced photographs upon it, was a sight worthy the admira- tion of the whole world. I doubt if there was another exhibit at the World's Fair before which more admiring people have stood, than at these boys' corn pavil- ions. It was not alone the fine exhibit of corn that attracted their at- tention, but it was the personality behind the corn that compelled the passing thousands to stop and gaze with wonder. To show how this exhibit was appreciated by the very best people it is only necessary to call attention to the great numbers of newspapers that have written about this exhibit this summer. The editor of "U^orld's JVorks" of New York, who gave the display a good write-up and published a full page photograph of the corn said that the article had been more widely copied throughout the East than any other agricultural article they had ever published. And as I write there lies upon my desk requests from "The American Boy," The Breeders Gazette, and the Agricultural Department of the United States Government for photographs and description of the Illinois Farmer Boys Corn Contest, at St. Louis. Photographs have also been furnished upon request for the public schools of St. Louis, Chicago, and New York City. Mr. Farr, assist- ant superintendent of Cook County, has had the photo of the boys corn made into a ''slide" to be used in his moving picture entertainment and 82 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition lecture. Likewise Secretary A. B. Hostetter of the Illinois State Farmers Institute. One hundred thousand postal card half tones of the boys corn were handed out to admiring- visitors and ten times as many more could have been given away. No other exhibit at the Fair resembled this one and the great good which will accrue from it alone, is worth many times in effort and money all it cost. Instrumental and vocal music were daily features to help entertain the tired visitors. Our check room and baggage room and rest room, were constantly occupied and every effort was made to make all visitors and especially Illinois visitors feel at home. All our help and assistants were congenial and careful to look after the comfort of the callers and safety and attractiveness of the ex- hibit. And now that the Fair is over, it is my earnest belief that we so conducted the Illinois section in the Palace of Agriculture, as to bring much good to the farming interests of Illinois and that it was a credit to the Commission and the State. LIST OF PRIZES AND AWARDS To the display of corn exhibited by the farmer boys of Illinois. . .Grand prize University of Illinois, Urbana (Experiment Station) Investigation of Illinois Soils, illustrated Grand prize Corn Breeders' Association, exhibited by the Corn Breeders' As- sociation, and in the name of J. H. Coolidg'e, president. Gales- burg. 111., display pure bred corn Grand prize Corn Growers' Association, exhibited by the Corn Growers' As- sociation, in the name of E. E. Chester, president. Champaign, 111., display of corn Grand prize To the Glucose Sugar Refining Co., Chicago Grand prize Collective exhibit corn products, glucose, etc Grand prize To the Illinois Commission, best display of agricultural products, grasses, seeds, etc., by the State of Illinois Grand prize It will be borne in mind that the Grand Prize is the highest award and was only made on collective exhibits. Upon individual exhibits medals were awarded as follows : J. A. Boyd, x\thens. 111 Gold medal T. P. Chester, Champaign Gold medal Geo. Dunseth, Waverly Gold medal Funk Bros., Bloomington Gold medal W. E. Johnson, Athens Gold medal M. H. "Sutton, Decatur Gold medal Peter Sutton, Decatur Gold medal J. O. Toland, Humboldt Gold medal F. A. Warner, Sibley Gold medal J. W. Workman, Maxwell Gold medal Emil Hartman. Eureka Silver medal E. S. Helms, Belleville Silver medal A. A. Hill, Casner Silver medal 83 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition D. A. Blaloch, Decatur Silver medal J. J. Billman, Ivesdale Silver medal I. E. Broaddus, Henry Silver medal C. D. Duff, Clay City Silver medal H. G. Easterly, Carbondale Silver medal Geo. Eskridge, Toledo Silver medal W. H. Evans and S. L. Utty, Lincoln Silver medal Geo. Faith, Warrensburg Silver medal Thos. Lyons & Co., Areola Silver medal J. E. Muirheid, Decatur Silver medal Israel Mills, Clay City Silver medal C. M. Roberts, Areola Silver medal J. M. Schoeder, Murphysboro Silver medal J. A. Stone, Bement Silver medal Robert Styne, Sadorus Silver medal Bloomington Canning Co., Bloomington Silver medal J. B. Bratney, Preston Bronze medal John B. Butt, Maroa Bronze medal John Chantry, Yates City Bronze medal A. T. Doerr, Harvel Bronze medal G. C. Duensing, Toledo Bronze medal Fritz Korte, Round Knob Bronze medal Wm. Green, Lockport Bronze medal Fred Harford, Verona Bronze medal E. V. Lane, Lacon Bronze medal Wm. Lehman, Pontiac Bronze medal W. H. Menefee, Minonk Bronze medal F. A. Miller, Carlinville Bronze medal Geo. Morris, Lintner Bronze medal H. T. Peterson, Monmouth Bronze medal W. H. Rothgeb, Millford Bronze medal E. C. Richards, Hillsboro Bronze medal John H. Roth, Panola Bronze medal J. F. Shelley, Sterling Bronze medal Jesie M. Sloan, Browns Bronze medal A. Vaubel, Washington Bronze medal Wm. F. Walcott, Amboy Bronze medal E. Northen, Murphysboro Bronze medal I i 84 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Corn Breeding Exhibit at the World's Fair REPORT OF ILLINOIS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION EXHIBIT, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, URBANA, ILLINOIS By PROFESSOR C. G HOPKINS One of the many interesting features of the immense corn display to be seen in the Illinois section of the Palace of Ag-riculture is the ex- hibit illustrating the improvement of corn by breeding. This work which was instituted and is being carried on at the Illinois Agricultural Station has attracted the attention of the scientific world for a number of years, but its intense practical significance has more recently through the popular magazines and agricultural press caught the interest of the general public. It has been demonstrated that the corn plant is just as susceptible to the laws of breeding and heredity as any member of the animal king- dom and that by intelligently applying these laws any characteristic of corn can be modified at the will of the corn breeder. For example: it has been found entirely possible by selecting and breeding corn to change its composition so that we may produce corn especially adapted to special purposes, either for feeding or for manufacturing. The ex- hibit brings out the results of these experiments in a most interesting and striking manner. There is shown here a bushel of the grain sep- arated into its various chemical constituents. The amount of carbohy- drates which is mostly starch, the amount of protein which is the great nutritive substance in feeding, the amount of oil which now serves so many useful purposes, and the amount of ash or mineral matter which the farmer actually removes from his land every time he sells a bushel of corn are all shown by actual specimens. The accomplishment of the experiment station is changing the re- lative amounts of these constituents at will, and thereby adapting the corn to different purposes, is clearly and graphically illustrated. For example : the progress of the work through seven generations of breed- ing with the purpose of increasing the oil content is represented by a series of jars containing corn oil in the varying quantities in which it has been produced in the crop each succeeding year. A correspond- ing series represents the results obtained at the same time in breeding to decrease the oil, and by the arrangement of the jars one readily ob- serves the effect of the breeding as it progresses from year to year until 85 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition IN STATE EXPERIMENTAL STATION EXHIBIT finally after seven generations one strain of corn actually contains more than double the quantity of oil per bushel than the other strain and both originating from the same variety. TABLE SHOWING THE INCREASE AND DECREASE IN THE OIL CONTENT OF CORN PRODUCED BY BREEDING AT THE ILLINOIS AGRICULT- URAL EXPERIMENT STATION: Per Cent. OF Oil in Crop High Oil Plot. Low Oil Plot. 1896 1897 4.70 5.73 5.15 5.64 6.10 6.09 6.41 6.53 4.70 4.06 1898 3.99 1899 3.82 1900 '. 190] 3.59 3.43 1902 3.01 1903 2.97 Ear highest in oil 7.71 Ear lowest in oil 2.12 The glucose factories will pay a premium for high oil corn, while low oil corn is desirable for certain feeding purposes. A similar series of jars represents the progress of the work in i breeding for increase and decrease of protein content. 86 Starting with Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition the same variety of corn and selecting and breeding- in the two opposite directions, namely : for high protein and for low protein, one can ob- serve the results obtained each year until finally after seven generations the high protein strain contains about one and one-half times the amount of this most valuable nutrient constituent as does that of the low protein. TABLE SHOWIXG THE INCREASE AND DECREASE IN PROTEIN PRODUCED BY BREEDING CORN AT THE ILLINOIS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION: Per Cent. Protein in Crop High Protein Plot. Low Protein Plot. 1896 11.92 11.10 10.92 1897 10.55 1898 11.05 10.55 1899 11.46 9.86 1900 12.32 9.38 1901 14.12 10.05 1902 12.34 8.22 1903 13.04 8.62 High protein corn gives a better balanced ration than does ordin- ary corn. Low protein corn contains large amounts of starch, and so of special value to the starch factories. The practical significance to all this is in the fact that the oil of corn has become such a valuable commercial product upon the market that there is a demand by the manufacturers, especially in vast glucose industry, for corn richer in oil. On the other hand the farmer now generally recognizes the value of feeds rich in protein. His ordinary corn does not contain sufficient quantity of this important nutrient and consequently he is forced to buy more concentrated feeds w- ith which to reinforce his corn, especially in feeding for the production of meat, milk or eggs. Appreciating the importance of these matters there has . been a great demand from all parts of the country for this highly bred seed. It is impossible as well as out of the province of the experiment station to supply seed on a commercial scale, but by establishing prin- ciples and working out methods it can aid the practical seed corn breeders in this work, and several of the most progressive corn breed- ers of Illinois are now in close co-operation wnth the experiment station in improving their dift'erent varieties along these lines. One of the features of this exhibit consists in specimens and charts completely illustrating the methods employed in this co-operative work. It is possible to select seed corn that is high in protein or oil by simply observing the mechanical structure of the kernel. Any farmer can do this for himself with no apparatus required other than a pocket knife. The principles of this method are fully illustrated in this ex- hibit. Another striking example of breeding and the force of heredity 87 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in fixing- particular characteristics is shown in an exhibit of corn plants from two separate plots planted from ears of the same variety, but the one lot selected for ears borne high on the stalk and the other for ears borne low on the stalk. The average difference produced in the first generation of this selection was fourteen inches. All of this corn improvement is based upon a fundamental prin- ciple which stated reads as follows: "Every individual corn plant is possessed of an individuality similar to the individuality in animals." Like in the breeding of animals so in the breeding corn there is kept a registry and pedigree record of every individual seed ear that is planted. One of the most interesting features of the exhibit illustrates th manner of keeping these records and there are given actual pedigree records of certain ears in which the ancestry is traced back through eight generations of breeding. The entire exhibit is supplemented by charts and photographs il- lustrating many phases of the work as it is being carried on and to the interested spectator whose questions may not be answered by some part or other of the exhibit itself there appears an invitation to apply to the experiment station for information or for any of the regular publica- tions relating to this most interesting subject. r Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Soil Exhibit By C.;.G. HOPKINS and J. H. PETTIT, University of Illinois Experiment Station The soils of Illinois based upon their geological formation, may be divided into fourteen large soil areas as indicated upon the accom- panying map. In each one of these large divisions, as, for instance, the Lower Illinoisan Glaciation, there may be several types of soil re- sulting from the action of wind, water, and climatic conditions since the time of the glacier, but there is one type of largest distribution char- acteristic of that area and remarkable uniform in character as is shown by crop yields and by chemical and mechanical analysis. The earliest glaciation, known as the Illinoisan Glaciation, covered the whole State with the exception of some seven counties in the ex- treme south, a narrow strip in Calhoun and Pike Counties in the west, and Jo Davies and a part of Stephenson and Carroll Counties in the northwest. Due to recognized differences in the soil of this great area, where it is still exposed, as well as its composition, it has been divided into the Upper. ] H < _1 a. Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition can be so reduced in time as to limit the yield of the crop. Upon these data the following suggestions are based : 1. Practice some good rotation, such as corn, oats, clover, and pasture; or corn, wheat, clover, and pasture. 2. Feed all crops, with the possible exception of wheat and some .corn, use plenty of bedding and return all manure to the land. 3. Apply 500 pounds steamed bone meal or 1,000 pounds raw rock phosphate to the clover sod every three or four years, preferably mixed with manure and plowed under for corn. 4. Apply 1,000 to 2.000 pounds of ground limestone after the ground is plowed for corn, if necessary to the successful growing of clover. The following tables are herewith appended. Yields obtained from three types of soil in Illinois when the three elements of plant food are applied separately : Treatment Sand ( Deficient in N . ) Bu. Corn Per Acre Nitrogen (N.) Phosphorus (P.) Potassium (K.).. 65 25 20 Lower Illinoisan Glaciated Prairie. (Deficient in P. Bu. Wheat Per Acre Peaty Swamp ( Deficient in K. ) Bu. Corn Per Acre 3.0 4.6 72.6 97 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Corn Growers of Illinois By E. E. CHESTER, President Association The leading cereal production of the State of Illinois being corn, it is a fortunate thing for the masses, that there is an organized etTort for its improvement, both in yield per acre and in the intrinsic value of this product. As a little more than fifty per cent, of the area in the United States devoted to cereals, is in corn ; how vastly more does the prosperity of a great corn State like Illinois depend upon the intelligent care given to this great crop by the large army of corn growers in the State. It is fortunate for Illinois that two five associations exist, working for the improvement of this cereal, viz : The Corn Breeder's Associa- tion and the Corn Grower's Association. The former has for its object the increase of the yield per acre by breeding only from corn that has given a high yield, thus establishing an inherited prepotency towards increase in yield. The fact has also been established that the vakie of the crop can be increased by increasing or diminishing the various contents of the corn ; thus fitting it for the various uses we make of it. Corn with a high per cent of starch is better for the starch factory, with a lower per cent of starch and high in protein or oil, or both, for the feed lot. Foi manufacturing into glucose high oil corn is preferred, because oil is the most valuable content of corn, pound for pound on the market and is first extracted, before final manipulation. The Corn Breeder's are making constant eft"ort and some progress towards the production of these types of corn for special uses. It has taken a generation of time to produce an animal best fitted for a special use, and the public should not expect the corn breeder to produce a type of corn as high in protein as oats or low enough to produce the best o-rade of bacon, in the short time thev have been delvino- into the mysteries of plant breeding as applied to corn. Environment and heredity are two great factors in plant and ani- mal breeding and can in some sense be controlled. It is to be hoped the efforts of this association will be crowned with success for if a small per cent be added to each farmer's crop, it will amount to hundreds of thousands of dollars per annum, and besides be a legacy to the future generations of the earth. The exhibit made by the corn breeders consisted of one hundred and three bushels, contributed by its members, and was located on the west large pyramid, on tables and in glass cases in the Illinois exhibit, 98 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in the Agricultural Building. As an exhibit it received the highest award — A Grand Prize. Individual exhibitors secured five gold med- als, the highest award given to single exhibits of corn, besides a few sil- ver medals. While the exhibit w^as not spectacular, it demanded the attention and commendation of thousands of thoughtful students of agricultural progress. In behalf of the Corn Breeder's Association I desire to thank your Commission for giving the Association an opportunity to place their efforts in corn improvement before the eyes of the world, believing the world will be benefitted by the efforts made by this little band of Illinois men. The Corn Grower's Association has for its object, the very careful and systematic selection of seed corn, and with this in view it has de- veloped a system of measuring the good and bad features of corn, using this rule in their corn schools, and in the selection of prize corn in corn shows. The desire of the members of this association is that nothing but the very best shall go into the planter boxes of the Corn Growers of Illinois and ^\•ith this in view they have distributed over the State the following : SCORE CARD (Revised, January, 1903.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Uniformity — (a) Trueness to type (b) Uniformity of exhibit . Shape of ear Color Market condition Tips Butts Kernel uniformity Kernel shape Length Circumference Space — (a) Between rows (b) Between kernels at cob Proportion of corn to cob Total Points 5 5 5 10 10 10 5 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 100 This card is subject to revision from year to year as changes are suggested by actual practice. The exhibit consisted of sixty, one hundred ear lots, located on two pyramids in the southwest and northwest corners of the Illinois exhibit and in two glass cases, as a whole containing corn in type and 99 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition character that was not excelled in this world's great corn show. It re- ceived a grand prize as a collective exhibit and a number of gold and silver medals, with but very few bronze. The Funk Brothers Seed Co. deserves more than a passing notice for the attractive feature of their exhibit, consisting of a manufactured ear of corn standing sixteen feet high, fully representing a typical per- fect ear of corn, flanked by a large collection of corn of the various types they grow. This collective exhibit also received a grand prize and attracted universal admiration. The crowning feature of the world's corn show was the scientific exhibit made by the University of Illinois, showing what had been done in seven years for the improvement of corn by breeding. The changes brought about by breeding in the oil and protein con- tent of corn as exhibited gives abundant evidence that this greatest of food plants is susceptible to changes that shall make it of more value to the human race. The practical value of this exhibit can never be known or estimated in dollars and cents, for time only will tell who of the tens of thousands of people who looked and wondered at its simplicity, will apply its chief thought to the business of corn growing. Had every land owner in Illinois given up a week of time and the necessary funds for expense to visit the World's Fair, and seen nothing else, and fully comprehended the Illinois soil exhibit, they would have been abundantly compensated for time and expense. If a more valuable and interesting exhibit was in Forrest Park during the continuance of the Universal Exposition, its location has not been reported. To be able to see at a glance the conditions of the soil all over the State and to understand the possibilities of its production, this exhibit ought at any expense to be put in the most conspicuous place, perma- nently before the eyes of the people of Illinois. These two university exhibits, were entered in the Educational Department and each received a Grand Prize, the highest award, yet a trifling compensation for so valuable contributions to scientific agri- culture. 100 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Dairy Exhibit Committee— W. L. MOUNTS, Chairman; J. H. PIERCE, H. M. DUNLAP REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT GEORGE E. HUNT, Hebron There was no exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition that excited more comment or was viewed with more genuine interest than the magnificent exhibition of butter in the mammoth glass refrigerated cases located in the Palace of Agriculture. There was none that peo- ple inquired for more or that will be remembered by them longer than the Butter Statuary. One of the most attractive and interesting sections of this exhibit is that installed by the Illinois Commission, under the direction of W. L. IMounts, John H. Pierce, and H. M. Dunlap, com- prising the Dairy Committee, and Geo. A. Hunt, Superintendent of the exhibit. The statuary in this exhibit consists of a full length ideal statue representing 'Tllinois," holding the Shield of State with one hand, while the other grasps the shaft holding for the streamer read- ing 'Tllinois" in large clear golden letters. On either side of this fig- ure were large busts of Lincoln and Grant. These busts and the full length figure were made of pure, Illinois creamery butter. The character of the statuary reflects great credit on the repre- sentative of Lorado Taft's Studio, Mr. Crunelle, who did the work. The folds of the drapery and the features of the noted men represented are portrayed with a truth funess and perfection that it will be difficult to equal and which no one can excel. The background for the statuary was arranged with the banner won by the Illinois Creameries and two large United States flags which were in keeping with the historical character of the two men repre- sented. At the sides and in front heavy draperies separate the statuary from the commercial exhibits, which consist of print butter from the Elgin district and from the University of Illinois, arranged in various designs; also samples of Borden's Condensed Milk and Malted Milk, St. Charles Evaporated Cream and Highland Evaporated Cream. There were also jars with samples showing the amounts of water, butter fat, casein, albumen and other ingredients entering into the com- position of a thirty-pound tub of butter. Tables showing the value of the great dairy industry of Illinois, the production of butter and cheese in the Elgin district, the butter and cheese market of Chicago, and large photographs portraying typical Illinois dairy cows and Illinois creameries and condensing plants oc- cupy prominent positions among the exhibits. Several bulletins from 101 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition BUST OF LINCOLN IN BUTTER BUST OF GRANT IN BUTTER the University of Illinois agricultural experiment station, showing the importance of clean milk and pure butter and other information of value to dairymen are distributed from the Superintendent's desk. The cheese exhibit, consisted of samples made by students at the University of Illinois, and a large collection installed by M. Uhlmann & Co., of Chicago, occupy a space in the cheese case directly opposite the butter exhibit. The refrigerator which contained these exhibits has a glass front formed of three thicknesses of plate glass with air spaces between. The temperature inside the case was kept close to the freezing point by an ice-making machine in constant operation. There was no doubt that this exhibit gave great prominence to the dairy interests of the State to visitors from Illinois, as well as the hundreds of thousands of people from other States and foreig'u coun- tries, who saw this exhibit were given an object lesson which will be far-reaching in its results. Many a young man from Illinois and other States as w^ell, w^ent home with new' thoughts and new ideas which will be put into practice as a result of his visit to the dairy exhibits. While the wealth of Illinois is in her fertile soil, it is a well known fact that in order to maintain this wealth it is necessary to return to the soil the elements of fertility taken aw^ay by the continued cropping from year to year. The great increase in dairying in Central Illinois during the past few^ years not only demonstrates the fact that dairying is a profitable business, but also drawls attention to the fact that the farmers are be- ginning to realize that dairying with the proper crop rotation is one of 102 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLINOIS BUTTER EXHIBIT the best methods known of retaining the soil fertility. As an instancvi of this : on a certain farm in Madison County, the yield of corn per acre was doubled in two years by this method of growing suitable crops and feeding the cows and returning the barnyard manure to the soil. Another evidence of the efifect of dairv farming on the soil is shown by the fact that in the best dairy Counties of Northern Illinois, which are supposed to be north of the great corn belt of the State, the average yield of corn per acre is forty-two bushels ; while in Central Illinois, where large yields can be obtained by proper methods, the average is only thirty-six bushels per acre. At Greenville, in Bond County, where in 1900 not more than 3,000 pounds of milk was de- livered per day, the daily delivery has increased to about 70,000 pounds during the past four years and during this time the value of farm ])roperty in that section has increased thirty-three and one-third per cent. Since the building of the first creamery in 1867, the dairy industry of Illinois has made a steady increase ; the value of butter and cheese in the Elgin district alone has increased from $81,000 in 1872, to nearly $12,000,000 in 1903. Elgin, in Kane County, is in the center of what is known as the greatest dairy region in the world. A Board of Exchange, where but- ter and cheese are bought, is maintained at this point, which is an im- portant factor in the butter markets of the world. The average price for creamery butter on the Elgin Board during the past thirty-two years is 26 3- to cents ])er pound. 103 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The butter production for 1903 amounted to 46,294,471 pounds, the cheese production for same year was 4,177,407 pounds. There has been a great increase in the Chicago butter and cheese market, during the past few years. The butter receipts during 1903 (not including through shipments) amounted to 110,000,000 pounds; the cheese receipts for the same period were 82,000,000 pounds. Ilh- nois has in round numbers, 1,065,000 cows valued at $42,500,000: produces annually 485,000,000 gallons of milk, valued at $30,000,000. Amount of butter produced annually, 86,600,000 pounds ; amount of cream sold annually, 1,800,000 gallons; amount of cheese produced annually, 9,400,000 pounds ; annual production of condensed milk, 100,000 000 pounds. McHenry County, located in the extreme northern portion of the State, is the banner dairy county and produces more milk and over one million pounds more butter than any other, county ; has more creamer- ies than any other county in the State and more cows per capita than any other county in the United States, McHenry County has fifty thousand cows from which two million pounds of butter and over two hundred million pounds of milk are sold annually, bringing in to the farmers a revenue of between three and one-half and four million dollars annually from these two products alone. LIST OF PERSONS AND FIRMS WHO FURNISHED EXHIBITS FOR THE DISPLAY CASE. 1. John Newman Elgin, 111. 2. Elgin Butter Co Elgin, 111. 3. Elgin Butter Tub Co Elgin, 111. 4. W. S. Moore & Co Chicago, 111. 5. George W. Linn & Son Chicago, 111. 6. Geo. H. Gurler DeKalb, 111. 7. University of Illinois Urbana, 111. 8. Borden's Condensed Milk Co 9. St. Charles Condensing Co 10. Helvetia Milk Condensing Co 11. M. Uhlmann & Co Chicago, 111. LIST of those who PARTICIPATED IN THE CREAMERY BUTTER contests Wm. Bote, Aurora. 7. J. H. Cooley, Hillsdale. Anton Buehler, Bemes. 9. . Chas. Castells, Forreston. George Bloyer, Harper. 8. C. Christensen, Mascoutah. K. B. Carpenter, Mt. Carroll 10. F. J. Dickinson, Woodbine. Geo. A. Cutler. Belvidere. 11. FI. R. Duell, Sandwich. Alice M. Cooksley, 12. Wm. Engelbright, Stillman Valley. Fairhaven. 104 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 A. D. Farnham, Thompson. 29. E. F. Harrison, Ringwood. 30. J. H. Hilfiler, Manhattan. 31. H. H. Hopkins, Hinckley. John G. Goeller, 32- Tower Hill. 33. M. G. Holtgrave, Strasburg. 34. Geo. W. Hoppensteadt, 35. Beecher. ^5 Ernest Johnson, Hebron. William Kane, Morrison. 37. L. H. Knigge, McHenry. 38. P. J. Kolbert. Oregon. 39. G. W. Lorah, Sugar Grove. 40. Mat. Ludwig, Lockport. 41. C. McConaghie, Leland. 42. John jNIingle. St. Marie. Mutual Creamery Co., 43- Mascoutah. Frank McFarlan, Big Rock. Fred P. Maschke, Milbrook. Theo. W. Marquardt, Lombard Louis Nelson, Camp Point. P. J. Springsteen, Elgin. L O. Schoch, Freeport. O. A. Selfried, Dakota. J. D. Terpening, New Lenox. F. B. Thompson, Warren. Chas. Thornton, Argyle. D. Van Patten. Plainfield. S. J. Vankuren. Franklin. A. C. Winter, Waterman. West Sangamon Creamery Assn., New Berlin. C. L. Weihe, New ?^Iinden. LIST OF THOSE WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE DAIRY BUTTER CONTEST. Mrs. H. p. Purviance Lincoln, 111. Mrs. Orilla Gillies Harvard, 111. Mrs. W. W. Corrington Springfield, 111. R. A. Bloomfield Mt. Sterling, 111. Leland Hotel Farm Springfield, 111. A. R. Stickle Good Hope, 111. The advisory dairy committee who assisted the Superintendent and Dairy Committee of the Commission were: Chairman, Joseph Newman, Elgin; secretary, George Craven, 154 Lake St., Chicago; A. J. Glover, Elgin ; D. E. Wood, Elgin ; George H. Gurler. DeKalb ; George W. Linn, 103 South Water St., Chicago; and Thos F. Gal- lagher, 191 South Water St., Chicago. Mr. Newman is President of the State Dairymen's Association and Geo. Craven is secretary. These gentlemen very ably assisted the Dairy Committee of the Commission and the Superintendent and the success of the exhibit is largely due to them. A Gold Medal was awarded the Illinois butter exhibit by the jury. 1U5 •sr Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Live Stock Exhibit Committee-D. M. FUNK, Chairman; A. CAMPBELL, H. M. DUNLAP IMPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT H. M. COLLINS, Bloomington The Illinois State Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposi- tion set apart $15,000 to make a duplication as far as possible of pre- miums won by the breeders of live stock exhibited in the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, less $1,000 which was reserved to provide for the necessary expenses incident to printing, proportioning and distribut- ing the said prize fund. The following agreement was entered into be- tween the breeders and the Commission. In case the duplication calls for more than $15,000, then all the prizes won in the regular classes to be proportionately scaled down to make the aggregate $15,000 less the necessary expense of supervision and distribution. That in case the duplication of regular prizes won by the Illinois exhibitors of live stock do not reach the sum of $15,000, the balance remaining, less the necessary expense referred to, be pro-rated to the five best animals in each ring, exhibited from Illinois, using the regular prize list of the Department of Live Stock at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition as a basis for such competition. The Superintendent of Live Stock is gratified to report that the exhibitors of live stock from the State of Illinois won one-twentieth of the entire premiums offered by the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis, and in computing the per cent, find that the amount ap- propriated by the Illinois Commission will pay thirty-four and a half per cent, of the premiums won by the Illinois exhibitors. A catalogue of the premiums won, and by whom, also an itemized statement of disbursements to exhibitors, is hereunto appended : Amount set aside by the Commissioners of the Louis- iana Purchase Exposition for the live stock exhibit. $15,000.00 By amount charged to administration, inchiding salary of Superintendent, stationery and pubHcation of report $770.43 By amount distributed to live stock breeders 14.229.57 $15,000.00 $15,000.00 107 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF THE AWARDS MADE TO ILLINOIS LIVE STOCK AT THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION BY THE JURY OF AWARDS. HORSES Division A., Class i. — Standard Trotters. George W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, 111. Gelding, four years old or over, 5th prize. Thomas Wilson, Pleasant Plains, 111. Gelding, four years old or over, 3d and 4th prizes. Mare, three years and under four, 3d and 4th prizes. Archie Mains, Virginia, 111. Gelding, four years old or over, ist prize. J. R. Peak & Sons, Winchester, 111. - ■ Stallion, four years old or over, ist prize. Stallion, three years old and under four, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion, two years old and under three, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 4th prize. Stallion, under one year, 2d prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 4th prizes. Mare, three years and under four, ist prize. , Mare, two years and under three, 3d and 5th prizes. | Mare, one year and under two, ist and 5th prizes. Stallion, three years old or over, champion, ist and 5th prizes. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist and 5th prizes. Stallion, any age, grand champion, ist and 5th prizes. 4 animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d and 5th prizes. 2 animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d and 4th prizes Stallion and 4 Mares, three years old or over, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion and 4 Mares, under three years, 2d prize. Stallion and 4 Mares, all two years old or over, bred by Ex., ist prize. Gelding, three years and under four, 3d prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, three years and under four, 2d prize. Mare, two years and under three. 2d prize. Crum & Crum, Literberry, 111. Stallion, two years and under three, ist and 5th prizes. Mare, two years and under three, ist prize. Mare, one year and under two, 4th prize. 108 I { Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition INIare, under one year, 4th prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 3d prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 3d prize. Division A., Class 3. — French Coach. E. M. Barton, Hinsdale, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 4th prize. Stallion, three years and under four, 3d prize. Stallion, two years and under three, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion, under one year, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, four years old or over, 3d and ist prizes. Mare, three years and under four, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, one year and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, under one year, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion, two years or under, champion, ist prize. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, two years or under, champion, ist prize. Mare, any age, grand champion ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d and 3d prizes. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d and 3d prizes. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, ist prize. Stallion and four ]Mares, all two years old or over, bred by Ex., ist prize. Gelding, three years and under four, ist prize. Division A., Class 4. — German Coach. Oltmanns Bros., Watseka, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 4th prize. Stallion, three years and under four, ist prize. Stallion, two years and under three, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d prize. Stallion, under one year, 2d and 3d prizes. Mare, four years old or over, 2d and 4th prizes. Mare, three years and under four, ist and 4th prizes. Mare, two years and under three, 3d prize. Mare, one year and under two, 2d and 5th prizes. Mare, under one year, 3d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 4th and 5th prizes. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, three years old of over, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 2d prize. Stallion and four Mares, all two years old or over, bred by Ex., ist prize. 109 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Gelding, four years old or over, ist and ad prizes. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, two years and under three, 2d and 3d prizes. Division A., Class 5. — English Coach. Robert Burgess & Son, V/enona, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, ist and 4th prizes. Stallion, three years and under four, ist prize. Stallion, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Stallion, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Division A., Class 6. — Hackney. Robert Burgess & Son, Wenona, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 2d prize. Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, J- G. Truman, Prop., Bushnell, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 5th prize. Stallion, three years and under four, ist prize. Division A., Class 7. — Morgan. The Morgan Horse Company, Carpentersville, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 5th prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 5th prize. Mare, four years old or over, 2d prize. Mare, one year and under two, 5th prize. Mare, under one year, ist and 2d prizes. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 4tt p''ize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 4th prize. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, 4th prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 4th prize. J. C. Brunk, Rochester, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 4th prize. Stallion, three years and imder four, ist prize. Stallion, two years and under three, 3d prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist prize. Mare, three years and under four, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, two years and under three, 4th prize. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 3d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d prize. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, 2d prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 2d prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist prize. 110 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Division A., Class 4. — Gcnnan Coach. Gebh. Oltmanns, Watseka, 111. Two animals of either sex, any aj;c, jjroduce of one mare, 3d prize. Gelding, four years old or over, 3(1 prize. Division A., Class 7. — Morgan. C. F. Dewey, Amboy, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d prize. Stallion, under one year, ist prize. Mare, two years and under three, 3d prize. IMare, one year and under two, ist prize. Mare, two years old or under, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 5th prize. Division A., Class 8. — SachUc. Ed. Hodgson, El Paso, III. Stallion, four years old or over, 4th prize. John A. Ayers, Jacksonville, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 3d prize. StalHon, one year and under two, 5th prize. Mare, three years and under four. 5th prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 5th prize. Mare, two years and under three, 5th prize. Fred R. Cravens, Pisgah, 111. Stallion, three years and under four. 4th prize. Fred Recoe, Litchfield, 111. Gelding, three years and under four, 3d prize. J. M. Denton, Bloomington, 111. Mare, four years old or over, 2d prize. Mare, four years old or over. 4th prize. Division A., Class 9. — Shetland Ponies. Chas. E. Bunn, Peoria, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 2d and 3d prizes. Stallion, three years and under four, ist and 2d prizes. Stalhon, two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Ill Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Stallion, under one year, 2d and 3d prizes. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 3d prizes. Mare, three years and imder four, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, two years and under three, ist and 3d prizes. Mare, one year and under two, ist and 3d prizes. Mare, under one year, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Stallion, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, two years old or under, ist prize. ]\Iare, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist and 3d prizes. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, ist and 3d prizes. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, ist and 3d prizes. Stallion and four Mares, all two years old or over, bred by Ex., ist prize. Geo. a. Heyl, Washington, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, ist and 4th prizes. Stallion, three years and under four, 3d and 4th prizes. Stallion, two years and under three, 2d and 3d prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, 3d prize. Stallion, under one year, ist and 4th prizes. Mare, four years old or over, 2d and 4th prizes. Mare, three years and under four, 3d and 4th prizes. Mare, two years and under three, 2d and 4th prizes. Mare, one year and under two, 2d prize. Mare, under one year, ist and 3d prizes. Stallion, two years and under, champion, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, 2d prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 2d prize. Division A., Class ii. — French Draft. Dan Augustine, Carlock, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, ist prize. Robert Burgess & Son, Wenona, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 5th prize. Stallion, three years old and under four, ist and 5th prizes. Stallion, two years and under three, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, 4th prize. Stallion, three years old or over, ist prize. Stallion, any age, ist prize, champion. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d and 3d prizes. 112 \ Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Ed. Hodgson, El Paso, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 2d prize. Stallion, two years and under three, 5th prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 3d prize. Stallion, under one year, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, three years and under four, ist and 2d prizes. j\Iare, two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, one year and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, under one year, ist prize. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, two years or under, 1st prize. Mare, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 4th prize. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, ist prize. Stallion and four Mares, all two years old or over, bred by Ex., ist prize. Stallion, three years and under four, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d prize. Division A., Class 12. — Clydesdale. T. L. WiBARY, Tremont, 111. Stallion, three years and under four, ist prize. Stallion, two years and under three, 4th prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d prize. Stallion, under one year, ist prize. Mare, four years old or over, 2d and 5th prizes. Mare, three years and under four, 2d and 5th prizes. Mare, two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, one year and under two, 2d prize. Mare, under one year, ist prize. Stallion, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, two years or under, champion, ist prize. Stallion, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare. 2d and 5th prizes. Stallion and four ]\Iares, three years old or over, 2d and 5th prizes. Stallion and four IMares, under three years, ist prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist prize. A. D. SODERBERG, OsCO, 111. Stallion, two years and under three, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 3d prize. Stallion, imder one year, 3d prize. Mare, four years old or over, 4th prize. Mare, three years and luider four. 3d prize. « 113 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase ExDOsition Mare, two years and under three, 3d prize. I Mare, one year and under two, 3d and 4th prizes. 1 Mare, under one year, 4th prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d prize. Stallion and four Mares, under three years, 2d prize. Mare, three years and under four, 1st prize. A. V. BiEDENFELD^ DanviUe, III. Mare, one year and under two, ist prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 4th prize. Ed. Hodgson, El Paso, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 2d prize. Mare, under one 3'ear, 2d prize. Division A., Class 13. — Shire. Robert Burgess and Thos. Burgess, Wenona, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 5th prize. Stallion, three years and under four, 4th prize. Robert Burgess & Son, Wenona, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, ist prize. Stallion, three years and under four, 3d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Stallion, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Truman Bros., Bushnell, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 3d prize. Stallion, three years and under four, ist and 5th prizes. Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111. Stallion, four years old or over, 2d and 4th prizes. Stallion two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Stallion, one year and under two, 3d prize. Mare, four years old or over, ist and 3d prizes. Mare, three years and under four, ist and 2d prizes. Mare, two years and under three, 3d and 4th prizes. Stallion, two years or under, champion, ist prize. Mare, three years old or over, champion, ist prize. Mare, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist and 3d prizes. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, ist and 4th prizes. Stallion and four Mares, three years old or over, ist prize. 114 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition F. M. MouNTjOY, Atlanta, 111. Stallion, three years and under four, 2d prize. Stallion, one year and under two, 5th prize. Mare, four years old or over, 5tli prize. Mare, two years and under three, ist prize. INIare, one year and under two, 3d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 2d prize. Mare, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Geo. Warner, Mahomet, 111. Stallion, under one year, ist prize. Mare, one year and under two, 4th prize. Mare, under one year, 2d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one mare, 5th prize. A. G. SODERBERG, OSCO, 111. Mare, two years and under three. 2d prize. Mare, one year and under two, 2d prize. Division A., Class 18. — Mules. M. D. Pendleton, Son & Co., National Stock Yards, 111. Single Mule, 14 and under 15 hands, 3d prize. Pair of Mules, 14 and under 15 hands, to wagon, 3d prize. Division A., Class 20. — Roadsters. Tiios. Wilson, Pleasant Plains, 111. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), four years old or over, to road wagon, 1st prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), three years old and under four, to road wagon, ist prize. Single Mare or Gelding (trotter), four years old or over, to road wagon or buggy, 2d and 3d prizes. Single Mare or Gelding (trotter), three years old and under four, to road wagon or buggy, ist and 2d prizes. Pacer, Mare or Gelding, three years old or over, to road wagon, 2d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), any age, to road wagon, champion, 1st prize. Crum & Crum, Literberry, III. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), three years old and under four, to road wagon, 2d prize. lis Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Archie Mains, Virginia, 111. Single Mare or Gelding (trotter), four years old or over, to road wagon or buggy, 1st prize. Single Mare or Gelding (trotter), any age, to road wagon or buggy, champion, ist prize. J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), four years old or over, to road wagon, 3d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings (trotters), three years old or under four, to road wagon, 3d prize. Mare or Gelding for brougham. 15 13 hands or over, 2d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings for coach, landau or victoria, 16 hands or over, 2d prize. Family Mare or Gelding, 15:3 hands or over, ist prize. Single Mare or Gelding (trotter), four years old or over, to road wagon or buggy, ist and 2d prizes. Mare or Gelding (pacer), three years old or over, to road wagon, ist prize. Division A., Class 21. — Harness Horses. J. S. Bratton, East St. Louis, 111. Four-in-hand team (Mares or Geldings), to coach or body break, ist prize. Mare or Gelding for runabout, 14:2 and not exceeding 15:2 hands, 2d prize. Mare or Gelding, 15 and not exceeding 15 :3 hands, 3d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings, 15 and not exceeding 15:3 hands, ist prize. Four-in-hand team (Mares or Geldings), to coach or body break, ist prize. Mare or Gelding for brougham, 15:3 hands or over, 2d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings for brougham or victoria, 15 :2 hands or over, 1st prize. Family Mare or Gelding, 15:3 hands or over, 3d prize. Joseph C. Brunk, Rochester, 111. Mare or Gelding over 14:1 and under 15 hands, 2d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings over 14:1 or under 15 hands. 3d prize. Oltmanns Bros., Watseka, 111. Mare or Gelding, 15 and not exceeding 15:3 hands, ist and 3d prizes. Pair of Mares or Geldings for coach, landau or victoria, 16 hands or over, 1st and 3d prizes. Mare or Gelding over 14:1 and under 15 hands, ist and 2d prizes. Mare or Gelding 15 and not exceeding 15:3 hands, 2d prize. Thos. Wilson, Pleasant Plains, 111. Family Mare or Gelding, 15 :3 hands or over, 2d and 3d prizes. 116 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Archie Mains, Virginia, 111. Mare or Gelding-, over 14:1 and under 15 hands, ist prize. Oltmanns Bros., Watseka, 111. Pair of Mares or Geldings, 15 and not exceeding 15:3 hands, ist prize. J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111. Pair of INIares or Geldings over 14:1 and under 15 hands, 2d prize. Pair of Mares or Geldings for brougham or victoria. 14:2 hands or over, 3d prize. Division A., Class 22. — Ponies in Harness. Geo. a. Heyl, Washington, 111. Pony in harness, 3d prize. Pair of Ponies in harness, 2d prize. Four-in-hand team in harness. 2d prize. Chas. E. Bunn, Peoria, 111. Pony in harness, ist and 2d prizes. Pair of Ponies in harness, ist and 3d prizes. Four-in-hand team in harness, ist prize. Mrs. a. L. Bunx, Peoria, 111. Pony under 12 hands in harness, 2d and 3d prizes. Pony 13 and not exceeding 14 hands in harness, ist and 2d prizes. Pair of Ponies under 12 hands in harness, ist prize. Pair of Ponies 12 and not exceeding 13 hands in harness, ist prize. Pair of Ponies, 13 and not exceeding 14 hands in harness, ist prize. Ias. S. Bratton, East St. Louis, 111. Pony 12 and not exceeding 13 hands in harness, ist prize. Division A., Class 23. — Business Horses. Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111. Single Mare or Gelding weighing over 1,700 lbs., to cart, 2d and 3d prizes. Pair of horses weighing over 3.500 lbs. to wagon or truck, 2d prize. Geo. Warner, Mahomet, 111. Pair of horses weighing over 3.500 lbs., to wagon or truck, 3d prize. Oltmanns Bros., Watseka. 111. Single Mare or Gelding not exceeding 1,200 lbs., to light single delivery outfit. 3d prize. 117 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Division A., Class 24. — Horses of Commerce. Thos. Wilson, Pleasant Plains, 111. Coach horse, 3d prize. Archie Mains, Virginia, 111. Roadster, 3d prize. J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111. Artillery horse, 3d prize. Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, 111. Draft horse, 2d prize. CATTLE Division B., Class 25. — Shorthorns. J. F. & J. W. Prather, Williamsville, 111. Bull, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. H. J. Sconce, Sidell, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist and 2d prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. Division B., Class 26. — Herefords. H. J. Fluck, Goodenow, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, 2 years old and under three, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, 18 and under 24 months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, ist prize. A. R. Haven, Greenfield, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, 18 and under 24 months, 3d prize. Division B., Class 27. — Aberdeen- Angus. C. H. Gardner, Blandinsville, 111. Bull, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Bull, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Bull, under two years, champion, ist prize. 118 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition M. A. Judy, Beecher, 111. Bull, six and under twelve months, 5th prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, 2d prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d and 3d prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 3d prize. M. P. & S. E. Lantz, Carlock, 111. Bull, two years and under three, 3d prize. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. Bull, under two years old, two heifers, one year and under two, and two heifers, under one year, 3d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 3d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, 2d prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist and 3d prizes. S. Melvin, Greenfield, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. E. Reynolds & Son, Prophetstown, 111. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. Heifer, under six months, 4th prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. J. O. Strubinger, El Dara, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 2d prize. Bull, under six months, 4th prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. Division B., Class 28. — Gallozvays. Fred T. Davis, Mendota, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, tw-o years old and under three, ist prize. O. H. SwiGART, Champaign, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 3d prize. Bull, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. Bull, under six months, 3d and 4th prizes. Heifer, two years and under three, 2d and 3d prizes. Heifer, two years and under three, 2d and 3d prizes. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist and 3d prizes. Heifer, under six months, ist prize. Heifer, under two years, champion, ist prize. 119 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, grand champion, 3d prize. Bull, under two years ; two Heifers, one year and under two, and two Heifers, under one year, young herds, 2d prize. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, females to be of exhibitor's breeding, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist prize. • Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, ist and 4th prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist and 2d prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, under six months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed 'Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, under six months. Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. Division B., Class 29. — Red Polled. Borden Stock Farm, Tonti, 111. Bull, under six months, 3d prize. Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months. 5th prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 3d prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, under six months, 2d prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, under six months, ist prize. Bull, three years old or over, 4th prize. J. J. Chambers, Sadorus, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 3d prize. Bull, two years and under three, 3d and 4th prizes. Bull, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. Bull, under six months, ist and 4th prizes. Heifer, two years and under three, 5th prize. Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 4th prize. Heifer, six and under twelve months, 4th and 5th prizes. Heifer, under two years, champion, ist prize. Cow or Heifer, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, 4th prize. 120 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Bull, under two years old; two Heifers, one year and under two, and two Heifers, luider one year, 2d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, 5th prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, tw-o years old and under three, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, tw'elve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. J. S. Crowder & Son, Bethany, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 2d prize. Bull, tw'O years and under three, 5th prize. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 3d prize. Bull, twelve and under eighteen months, 4th prize. Bull, six and under twelve months, ist and 4th prizes. Cow, three years old or over, 2d prize. Heifer, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Heifer, under six months, 4th prize. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, 5th prize. Bull, under two years old; two Heifers, one year and under two, and two Heifers, under one year, 4th prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 3d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, two years old and under three, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, under six months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, anv ace. chamnion, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Division B., Class 30. — Dcz'oiis. \y. E. Davis, Mendota, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 2d prize. Bull, two years and under three, ist prize. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. Bull, under six months, ist prize. Cow, three years old or over, ist and 3d prizes. Heifer, two years and under three, ist and 2d prizes. Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Heifer, under six months, ist prize. Cow, two years old or over, champion, ist prize. Heifer, under two years, champion, ist prize. Cow or Heifer, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Fleifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, ist prize. 121 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, females to be of exhibitor's breeding, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, ist and 2d prizes. Steer or Spayed Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Steer or Spayed Heifer, any age, champion, ist prize. Division B., Class 30. — Devons. J. J. Winn, Utica, 111. Bull, three years old or over, ist prize. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Cow, three years old or over, 2d prize. Bull, two years old or over, champion, ist prize. Bull, under two years, champion, ist prize. Bull, any age, grand champion, ist prize. J. H. Jennings, Streator, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 3d prize. Bull, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Cow, three years old or over, 5th prize. Heifer, two years and under three, 2d prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, 5th prize. Heifer, under six months, 2d prize. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, 3d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 5th prize. Division B., Class 32. — Brozvn Szviss. E. M. Barton, Hinsdale, 111. Bull, three years old or over, 2d prize. i Bull, two years and under three, 4th and 5th prizes. Bull, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. Bull, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Bull, under six months, 3d and 5th prizes. Cow, three years old or over, 4th prize. Heifer, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. Heifer, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Heifer, six and under twelve months, 5th prize. Heifer, under six months, ist and 4th prizes. Bull, two years old or over; Cow, three years or over; Heifer, two years and under three; Heifer, one year and under two, and Heifer, under one year, 3d prize. 122 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Bull, under two years old ; two Heifers, one year and under two, and two Heifers under one year, 4th prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, produce of one cow, 5th prize. Division B., Ci-ass 32. — Devons — Fat Animal. H. T- Fluck, Goodenow, 111. Steer or Spayed Heifer, champion over all, ist prize. Division H., Class 255, Eastern District. Car Lot Cattle Grain Fed. L. H. Kerrick, Bloomington, 111., 2d prize. SHEEP Division C, Class 46. — Shropshire. R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111. Wether, one year old and under two, 3d prize. Division C, Class 47. — Cotszvold. Lewis Brothers, Camp Point, 111. Ram, two years old or over, 3d prize. Ram, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 3d prize. Ram, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Ram, six and under twelve months, ist and 5th prizes. Ram, under six months, ist and 3d prizes. Ewe, two years old or over, ist prize. Ewe, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Ewe, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d and 3d prizes. Ewe, six and under twelve months, 2d and 5th prizes. Ewe, under six months, 2d and 4th prizes. Ram, one year old or over, champion, ist prize. Ram, under twelve months, champion, ist prize. Ram, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Ewe, one year old or over, champion, ist prize. Ewe, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one ewe, 5th prize. Ram and three Ewes, eighteen months old or over, ist prize. Ram and three Ewes, under eighteen months, ist and 4th prizes. 123 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Division C, Class 48. — Oxford. R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111. Ram, eighteen and under twenty- four months, 1st prize. Ram, twelve and under eighteen months, 5th prize. Ram, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Ram, under six months, 2d and 5th prizes. Ewe, eighteen and twenty-four months, 2d prize. Elwe, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Ewe, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes. Ewe, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Ram, one year old or over, Champion, ist prize. Ewe, under twelve months, ist prize. Ram, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d prize. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one Ewe, 2d and 5th prizes. Ram and three Ewes, eighteen months old or over, 2d prize. Ram and three Ewes, under eighteen months, 2d and 5th prizes. Wether, one year old and under two, ist prize. Wether, six and under twelve months, 3d prize. Wether, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Pen, three -Wethers, one year old and under two, ist and 3d prizes. Pen, three Wethers, under six months, ist prize. Wether, any age, champion, ist prize. Pen, three Wethers, any age, champion, ist prize. Wether, one year old and under two, 3d prize. Wether, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes. Wether, under six months, 3d prize. Pen, three Wethers, one year old and under two, 2d prize. Pen, three Wethers, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Pen, three Wethers, under six months, 2d prize. Division C, Class 51. — Cheviot. M. P. & S. E. Lantz, Carlock, 111. Ram, two years old or over, 3d and 4th prizes. Ram, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. Ram, six and under twelve months, ist and 2d prizes. Ram, under six months, 2d and 5th prizes. Ewe, two years old or over, 5th prize. Ewe, eighteen and under tw^enty-four months, ist and 4th prizes. Ewe, twelve and under eighteen months, ist and 5th prizes. Ewe, six and under twelve months, ist and 2d prizes. Ewe, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Ram, under twelve months, champion, ist prize. 124 I Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Ewe, under twelve months, champion, 1st prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, ist and 5th prizes. Two animals of either sex, any age, produce of one Ewe, 2d prize. Ram and three Ewes, eighteen months old or over, 4th prize. Ram and three Ewes, under eighteen months, ist and 4th prizes. Division C, Class 53. — Merino A. — Wrinkly Type. A. S. Peek, Geneva, 111. Ram, two years old or over, 3d prize. Ewe, two years old or over, 3d and 4th prizes. Ewe, twelve and under eighteen months, 4th prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 3d prize. Ram and three Ewes, eighteen months old or over, 4th prize. E. Peek & Sons, Geneva, 111. Ram, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Ram, under six months, ist prize. Ewe, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. Ram, under twelve months, champion, ist prize. Ram and three Ewes, eighteen months old or over, 3d prize. Ram and three Ewes, under eighteen months, 3d prize. Division C, Class 59. — Suffolk. S. Melvin, Greenfield, 111. Flock of Suffolk Sheep, not less than five head, consisting of Ram and four Ewes, any age, 3d prize. SWINE Division D., Class 64. — Poland-China. Ira E. & S. L. Bryan, Ohio, 111. Sow, two years old or over, 3(1 prize. Sow% eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. J. A. Funk, Heyworth, 111. Boar, twelve and under eighteen months, 4th prize. C. J. Off, Peoria. 111. Boar, two years old or over, ist prize. 125 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Division D., Class 65. — BerksJiires. C. G. Council, Vandalia, 111. Boar, six and under twelve months, 4th prize. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, 3d prize. . Barrow, one year old and under two, 2d and 3d prizes. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 2d and 3d prizes. Barrow, under six months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, 2d prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 2d prize. Chas. Council, Vandalia, 111. Barrow, one year old and under two, ist prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Barrow, under six months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, ist and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, ist and 3d prizes. Barrow, any age, champion, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, any age, champion, ist prize. A. J. LovEjoY, Roscoe, 111. Boar, two years old or over, 2d prize. Division D., Class 66. — Duroc-Jerseys. Edward Aldrich, Rosemond, 111. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Thos. Bennet, Roseville, 111. Boar, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. Boar, under six months, 4th prize. C. R. Doty, Charleston, 111. Barrow, one year old and under two, ist prize. Barrow, under six months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Barrow, any age, champion, ist prize. Barrow, one year old and under two, 3d prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 3d prize. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, 2d prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 2d prize. M. W. Grier, Rushville, 111. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. 126 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition George W. Sackman, Ripley, 111. Boar, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Boar, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d prize. Boar, under six months, 2d prize. Boar, one year old or over, champion, ist prize. Boar, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d prize. Boar and three Sows, under one year, 4th prize. Geo. W. Trone, Rushville, 111. Boar, two years old or over, 3d prize. Boar and three Sows, over one year old, 5th prize. Barrow, one year old and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Barrow, six and under twelve months, ist and 2d prizes. Barrow, under six months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 1st prize. Barrow, any age, champion, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, any age. champion, ist prize. Division D., Class 67. — Chester JVhite. J. W. Dorsey & Sons, Perry, 111. Boar, six and under twelve months, 3d and 5th prizes. Sow, two years old or over, 3d prize. Sow, eighteen and under twenty-four months, ist prize. Sow, twelve and under eighteen months, 3d prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 3d prize. Boar and three Sows, over one year old, 4th prize. Boar and three Sows, under one year, 3d prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Barrow, one year old and under two, ist prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 3d prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, 2d prize. Barrow, any age, champion, ist prize. F. E. Bone, Ava, 111. Boar, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 4th prize. Barrow, under six months, 3d prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 2d prize. C. R. Doty, Charleston, 111. Boar, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 2d prize. Sow, eighteen and under twenty-four months, 5th prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 3d prize. 127 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Barrow, one year old and under two, 2d and 3d prizes. Barrow, six and under twelve months, ist and 2d prizes. Barrow, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, ist prize. Pen, three Barrows, any age, champion, ist prize. Chas. Griffith, Woburn, 111. Sow, six and under twelve months. 4th prize. Sow, under six months, 5th prize. Division D., Class 68. — Essex. M. A. Miller, Belleville, 111. Boar, two years old or over, ist and 2d prizes. Boar, eighteen and under twenty- four months, ist prize. Boar, twelve and under eighteen months, 2d and 4th prizes. Boar, six and under twelve months, ist and 2d prizes. Boar, under six months, 4th prize. Sow, two years old or over, 4th and 5th prizes. Sow, eighteen and under twenty- four months, ist and 3d prizes. Sow, twelve and under eighteen months, ist prize. Sow, six and under twelve months, 2d and 4th prizes. Sow, under six months, 3d and 4th prizes. Boar, under twelve months, champion, ist prize. Sow, one year old or over, champion, ist prize. Sow, any age, grand champion, ist prize. Four animals of either sex, any age, get of one sire, 2d and 4th prizes. Four animals of either sex, any age, produce of one sow, ist and 4th prizes. Boar and three Sows, over one year old, ist and 2d prizes. Boar and three Sows, under one year, ist and 2d prizes. Boar and three Sows, one year old or over, bred bv Ex., ist prize. Barrow, one year old and under two, ist and 3d prizes. Barrow, six and under twelve months, 3d prize. Barrow, under six months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two, ist and 2d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, any age, champions, ist prize. Barrow, one year old and under two. ist prize. Barrow, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes. Barrow, under six months, ist and 2d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, one year old and under two. 2d and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, six and under twelve months, ist and 3d prizes. Pen, three Barrows, under six months, ist prize. Barrow, any age, champion, ist prize. 128 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Division D., Class 71-F. — Grand Champion Grade Barrows, by Ages Geo. W. Trone & Sons, Rushville, 111. Barrow, champion over all grades and ages, ist prize. Division D., Class 72. — Victoria. Geo. S. Davis, Jr., Chicago Heights, 111. Herd of Victoria Swine, not less than five head, consisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, ist and 4th prizes. H. Davis, Chicago Heights, 111. Herd of Victoria Swine, not less than five head, consisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, 2d and 3d prizes. Division D., Class 72-A. — Small Yorkshire or Suffolk. Geo. F. Davis, Jr., Chicago Heights, 111. Herd of small Yorkshire or Suffolk Swine, not less than five head, con- sisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, ist prize. G. F. Davis, Chicago Heights, 111. Herd of small Yorkshire or Suffolk Swine, not less than five head, con- sisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, 2d prize. Division D., Class 72-B. — Hampshire. John Goodwin, Jr., Pontiac, 111. Herd of Hampshire Swine, not less than five head, consisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, ist and 3d prizes. E. C. Stone, Armstrong, 111. Herd of Hampshire Swine, not less than five head, consisting of Boar and four Sows, any age, 2d and 4th prizes. 129 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition POULTRY Dr'isiox E. — American. Class "jt,. Sec. 6. — IJliitc Plyiiioiifh Rock. J. H. Duncan, \\'illianisville. 111. — Cockerel, ist prize. Class 73, Sec. 5. — Biiif Plymouth Rock. W. E. Russell, Danville, HI. — Hen, 2d prize. Class yi,. Sec. 9. — Golden U'yaudoffc. B. F. HisLOP, Milford, 111. — ^Hen. ist and 3d prizes. Class 73, Sec. 8. — Buff Wyandotte. H. E. Bates, Galesburg, 111. — Cockerel, 3d prize. Class 73, Sec. 8. — Buff JJ^yaudotte. AcKLEY & Page, Woodstock, 111. — Cock, ist and 2d prizes; Hen. 3d prize. Class /T,. Sec. 12. — JJdiitc JJ'yandottc. Clement & Fike, Libertyville, 111. — Cock, 2d prize. Class 73, Sec. 12. — JJliitr JJ^yandottc. Emma B. Poultry Farm, Gurnee. 111. — Cockerel, 2d prize. Class 73, Sec. 10. — Silver U^yaiidottc. A. & E. Tarbox, Yorkville, 111. — Hen. 3d prize. Class 73, Sec. 10. — Sihcr JJ'yaiidottc. A. C. Laduc, Chenoa, 111. — Cock, ist prize; Cockerel, 2d prize; Breeding- Pen, 3d prize. Class 73, Sec. 2. — Black .Tai'as. Herbert Hodgson, Albion, 111. — Cock, 2d and 3d prizes; Cockerel, 2d and 3d prizes; Hen, ist and 3d prizes; Pullet, ist. 2d and 3d prizes. Class 74. Sec. 6. — JJliitc CocJiiiis (Asiatic). W. O. Swain, Arlington, 111. — Hen, 2d prize; Pullet, 3d prize, 130 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ASIATIC. Class 74, Sec. 6. — White Cochins. F. T. Franklin, Urbana. 111. — Cock, ist prize; Cockerel, 3d prize; Hen, ist prize; Pullet, ist prize; Breeding pen, ist prize. Class 74, Sec. 5. — Partridge Cochins. Kline & Anderson, Macon, 111. — Hen, 3d prize ; Breeding pen, 2d prize. Class 74, Sec. 6. — Partridge Cochins. Jas. W. Haworth, Danville, III. — Cock, ist prize; Cock, 3d prize. Class 74, Sec. 4. — Bnff Cochins. R. L. Leitch, Rock Falls, 111. — Cock, 3d prize; Hen, 3d prize. Class 74, Sec. 4. — -Buff Cochins. Henry J. Jenner, Pocahontas, 111. — Pullet, 3d prize; Breeding pen, 2d prize. Class 74, Sec. 4. — Buff Cochins. Gelder & Robertson, Palmyra. 111. — ^Hen, ist and 2d prizes; Breeding pen, 3d prize. Class 74, Sec. 3. — Black Cochins. R. S. Franklin, Urbana, 111. — Cockerel, 3d prize; Pullet, 2d prize; Breeding pen, 1st prize. Class 74, Sec. i. — Dark Brahnias. W. Berberich, Elgin, 111. — Hen, 3d prize. Class 74, Sec. 7. — Black Langshans. J. H. Murray, Greenfield, 111. — Cockerel, ist prize. Class 74. Sec. 7. — Black Langshans. Gelder & Robertson, Palmyra, 111. — Cock, 3d prize. Class 74, Sec. 7. — Black Langshans. J. F. Bateman, Waverly. 111. — Cock. 2d prize; Cockerel, 2d prize; Breeding pen, 2d prize. MEDITERRANEAN. Class 78, Sec. 2. — Andalusians. H. HoDGREN, Albion, 111. — Hen, 2d prize; Breeding pen. 2d prize. 131 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Class 78, Sec. 4. — Rose Comb White Leghorns. J. A. Leland, Springfield. 111.- — Pullet, 3(1 prize. Class 78, Sec. 4. — Rose Comb IThite Leghorns. Rocky River Poultry Co., Chicago, 111. — Cock, ist and 2d prizes; Cockerel, 1st prize; Hen, ist, 2d and 3d prizes; Pullet, ist and 2d prizes; Breeding pen, 1st and 2d prizes. Class 78, Sec. 6^. — Rose Comb Brozvn Leghorns. Dr. S. M. Reed, Wyanet, 111. — Pullet, ist prize; Pullet, 2d prize. Class 78, Sec. 9. — Minorcas. H. Neiselbach, Melrose Park, 111. — Hen, 2d prize; Breeding pen, ist prize. Class 78, Sec. ii. — White Face Bhick Spanisli. Geoette Bro.s., Springfield, 111. — Breeding pen, 3d prize. POLISH. Class 79, Sec. 4. — White Crested Polish. Geo. W. Trent, Ravenwood, 111. — Pullet, 2d prize. Class 79, Sec. 4. — White Crested Blaek Polish. Homer Bros., Carlinville, 111. — Cockerel, 2d prize; Hen, 3d prize. . Class 81. — Ga:mes. Sec. I. — Birchen Game. W. H. Thompson, Collinsville, 111. Cock, 1st prize. Sec. 2. — Black Breasted Red Game. Cock, 1st and 2d prizes. Cockerel, ist and 2d prizes. Hen, 2d and 3d prizes. Pullet. 1st and 2d prizes. Breeding pen, ist prize. Sec. 4. — Broien Red Game. Cock, 2d prize. Cockerel, 2d prize. . Hen, 1st prize. Pullet, 1st prize. Breeding pen, ist prize. 132 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Sec. 5. — Golden Duckzuing Game. Cockerel, 2d prize. Hen, 3d prize. Pullet, 1st prize. Sec. 6. — Silver Diickzciiig Game. Cock, 1st and 2d prizes. Cockerel, ist and 2d prizes. Hen, 3d prize. Pullet. 1st and 2d prizes. Breeding pen. ist prize. Sec. 7. — Red Pyle Game. Pullet. 2d prize. Class 82. — Game Bantams. Sec. I. — Birchen Game Bantam. J. Banks, Collinsville, 111. Cockerel, 2d prize. Hen, 3d prize. Class 79, Sec. 4. — Golden Duckioing Game Bantams. Cockerel, 3d prize. Pullet, 3d prize. Class 82, Sec. 3. — Blach Breasted Red Game Bantams. R. R. A'oRiES, Peoria, 111. Cock. 1st prize. Cockerel, ist prize. Hen, 1st prize. Pullet, 1st prize. Sec. 5. — Silver Duckzuing Game Bantams. Cock, 1st prize. Pullet, ist prize. Pullet, 3d prize. Sec. 6. — Red Pyle Game Bantams. Cock, 1st prize. Cockerel, ist and 2d prizes. Hen, 1st and 3d prizes. Pullet, 1st prize. Class 83. — Oriental Game and Game Bantams. Sec. 2. — White Indian Game. W. S. Templeton, Dakota. 111. Cock, 1st and 3d prizes. Cockerel, ist and 3d prizes. Hen, 2d and 3d prizes. Pullet, 1st and 2nd prizes. Breeding pen, ist prize. 133 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Class 84. — ^Miscellaneous Fowls. Sec. 4.- — Suinatras (Black). W. H. Thompson, Collinsville, 111. Cockerel, ist and 3d prizes. Pullet, 2d and 3d prizes. Class 85. — Turkeys. Sec. 2. — Bronze Turkeys. B. F. HisLOP, Milford, 111. Cockerel, ist prize. Hen, 1st prize. Sec. 5. — Uliite Holland Turkeys. Thos. Vane, Princeton, 111. Cockerel, ist prize. Sec. 5. — JJ'hite Holland Turkeys. Paul Woods, Carlinville, 111. Cock, 2d prize. Hen, 3d prize. Pullet, 1st prize. Class 86. — Ducks. — Sec. 9. — Pekiu Ducks. Theo. Ambrosius, Carlinville, 111. Cock, 3d prize. Cockerel, 2d and 3d prizes. Pullet, 1st and 3d prizes. Sec. 10. — Rouen Ducks. F. D. Fowler, Carlinville, 111. Hen, 1st prize. Pullet, 3d prize. Sec. II. — Szceedisli Ducks. David Siegfried, Belleville, 111. Cock, 2d prize. Hen, 3d prize. Class 87. Sec. 6. — Toulouse Geese. B. F. HisLOP, Milford, 111. Cock, 3d prize. Cockerel, 3d prize. Cockerel, ist prize. Hen, 3d prize. 134 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition LIST OF EXHIBITORS OF LIVE STOCK AND AMOUNT PAID EACH BY THE ILLINOIS COMMISSION HORSES NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Trone & Sons Rushville, 111 $ 5.18 Wilson, T Pleasant Plains, 111 31.05 Mains. A \^irginia, 111 13.80 Peek & Son Winchester. Ill 834.90 Crum & Cruni Literberry, 111 144.90 Barton, E. M Hinsdale, 111 614.10 Oltmanns Bros W^atseka. Ill 412.28 Burgess & Son Wcnona, 111 148-35 Burgess & Son Wenona. Ill 17.25 Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm. .Bushnell, 111 34-50 Morgan Horse Co Carpentersville, 111 110.04 Brunk. J. C Rochester, 111 291.53 Oltmanns Bros Watseka. Ill 20.70 Dewey, C. F Amboy, 111 101.78 Hodgson, Ed El Paso, 111 10.35 Ayers, T- A Jacksonville, 111 46.58 Cravens, F. R Pisgah, 111 10.35 Recoe, F Litchfield. Ill 8.63 Denton. J- W Bloomington. Ill 17.25 Bunn. C. E Peoria, 111 681.38 Heyl. G. A Washington, 111 305-33 Augstin, D Carlock, 111 34-50 Hodgson, Ed El Paso, 111 790-05 Wibray, T. L Trcmont, 111 565.80 Soderberg, A. G Osco. Ill 201.83 Biedenfeld. H. V Granville. Ill 41.40 Hodgson, E. D El Paso. Ill 43-13 Burgess & Sons Wenona. Ill 284.63 Burgess & Burgess Wenona. Ill 24.15 Burgess & Son Wenona, 111 231.15 Truman Bros Bushnell. Ill 62.10 Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm. .Bushnell, 111 576-15 Mountjoy, F. M Atlanta, 111 155-25 Warner, Geo Mahomet. Ill 106.95 Soderberg. A. G Osco. Ill 43-13 Pendleton & Son National Stock Yards, 111 27.60 Wilson, T. H Pleasant Plains, 111 189.75 Crum & Crum Literberry, 111 20.70 Bratton, J- S East St. Louis. Ill 215.63 Brunk, J. C Rochester. Ill 24.15 Mains, A Virginia. Ill 65.55 135 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition HORSES.-Concluded NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Oltmanns Bros Watseka, 111 156.98 Peek & Son Winchester, 111 219.08 Heyl, G. A Washington, 111 29.33 Bunn, C. E Peoria, 111 63.83 Bunn, A. L., Mrs Peoria, 111 74.18 Truman's Pioneer Stud Farm. .Bushnell, 111 63.83 Warner, Geo Mahomet, 111 17-25 CATTLE NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Prather, J. F & J. W Wilhamsville, 111 13.80 Sconce, H. J Sidell, 111 105.23 Fluck, E. J Goodenow, HI 75-90 Haven, A. S Greenfield. Ill 8.63 Gardner, C. H Blandinsville, 111 56.93 Judy, M. A Beecher, 111 44.85 Lantz, M. P. & S. E Carlock, III 163.88 Melvin, S Greenfield, 111 10.35 Reynolds & Son Prophetstown, 111 32.7S Strubing-er, J. O El Dara, 111 53.48 Davis, F. T Mendota, 111 13.80 Swigart, O. H Champaign, 111 533-03 Borden Stock Farm Tonica. Ill 5^-75 Chambers, J. J Sadoris, 111 255.30 Crowder & Son Bethany, 111 217.35 Davis, W. E Mendota, 111 393-30 Winn, J. J Utica, 111 139-73 Jennings, J. E Streator, 111 93-^5 Barton, E. H Hinsdale, 111 148.35 Fluck, H. J Goodenow, 111 69.00 SHEEP 1 NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Lewis Bros Camp Point, 111 389.85 Stone, R. J Stonington, 111 3.45 Stone, R. J Stonington, 111 386.40 Stone, R. J Stonington, 111 29.33 Lantz, M. P. & S. E Carlock, 111 202.86 Peek, A. S Geneva, 111 46.58 Peek & Son Geneva, 111 60.38 Melvin, S Greenfield, 111 25.88 136 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition SWINE XAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Bryan, I. E & S. L Ohio. Ill 24.15 Funk, J. A Heyworth. Ill 10.35 Off, C. F Peoria. Ill 20.70 Council. C. G Vandalia. Ill 106.95 Council, C \'andalia. Ill 167.33 Lovejoy & Son Roscoe, 111 17-25 Aldrich. Edw Rosemond, 111 8.63 Bennet. T Rossville. Ill 25.88 Doty, C. R Charleston, 111 II5-58 Greer, M. W Rushville. Ill 17-25 Sachman. Geo. W Ripley. Ill 169.05 Trone. G. W Rushville. Ill 181. 13 Bone, F. E Ava, 111 24.15 Dorsey & Sons Perry, 111 170.78 Doty. C. R Charleston, 111 200.10 Griffith, Chas Woburn, III 15-53 Miller, M. A Belleville, 111 337-07 Miller, M. A Belleville, 111 83.84 Trone & Sons Rushville, 111 34-50 Davis, G. F Chicago Heights. Ill 69.00 Davis, H Chicago Heights. Ill 60.38 Davis, G. F., Jr Chicago Heights, 111 51-75 Davis, C. F Chicago Heights, 111 34-50 Goodwin. Jno.. Jr Potomac. Ill 77-63 Stone. E. C Armstrong, 111 5^-75 POULTRY NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Duncan. J. H Williamsville. Ill 3-45 Russell, W. E Danville, 111 2.07 Hislop, D. F Milford, 111 4-83 Bates, H. E Galesburg, 111 1.38 Ackley & Page Woodstock. Ill 6.90 Clement & Fike Liberty ville. 111 3-45 Croswick, J. E Alton. Ill 2.07 Emma B. Poultry Farm Gurnee, 111 2.07 Tarbox. A. & E Yorkville. Ill 1.38 Le Due, A. C Chenoa, 111 6.90 Hodgson. H Albion. Ill 11.04 Swain, W. C Arlington, 111 2.76 Franklin. F. T Urbana. Ill 10.70 Kline & Anderson Macon. Ill 3.45 Haworth, J. W Danville. Ill 4-83 Leitch, R. L Rock Falls. Ill 2.76 JcnnLr, H. J Pocahontas. Ill 3.45 137 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition POULTRY.-Concluded NAME ADDRESS AMOUNT Gelder & Robertson Palmyra, 111 6.90 Franklin, R. S Urbana, 111 5.18 Berberich, W Elgin, 111 1.38 Murray, J- H Greenfield, 111 3.45 Gelder & Robertson Palmyra, 111 1.38 Bateman, J. F Waverly, 111 6.21 Hodgren, H Albion, 111 4.14 Leland. J. A Springfield, 111 1.38 Rock River Poultry Co Chicago, 111 26.91 Reed, S. H Wyanet. Ill 5.52 Neiselbach, H Melrose Park, 111 4.14 Geoette Bros Springfield, 111 1.38 Trent, G. W Ravenwood, 111 2.07 Homer Bros Carlinville, 111 345 Thompson, W. H Collinsville. Ill 68.31 Thompson, W. H Collinsville, 111 2.07 Banks, J Collinsville, 111 4-83 Vories, R. R Peoria, 111 39-33 Templeton, W. F Dakota, 111 16.22 Thompson, W. H.. Collinsville. Ill 4-83 Hislop, B. F Milford, 111 6.90 Vane, Thos Princeton, 111 3-45 Woods, Paul Carlinville, 111 6.90 Ambrosius, Theo Collinsville, 111 9-6^ Fowler, F. D Carlinville, 111 345 Silgfried, D Belleville, 111 345 Hislop, B. F Milford, 111 7-59 138 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Horticultural Exhibit Committee— H. M. DUNLAP, Chairman; C. F. COLEMAN, J. H. MILLER REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT J. H. STANTON. Richview Illinois now classed as the third State in the production of fruits, promises soon to reach the top through progressive operation, increased acreage and the number of trees, of the tree fruits, that are reaching bearing ag'e each year. Among the commercially grown tree fruits, apples, peaches, and pears are grown most extensively, in the order named. An important feature of fruit growing in this State is the length of the maturing sea- son, which begins in the southern district about June ist, and as the season progresses proceeds northward in the State for six weeks on each variety grown. Fruit is grown throughout the entire State and the State is divided into districts for the purpose of determining varie- ties adapted to each. For other purposes of interest to the growers, the State is divided into three districts, viz : Northern, Central, and South- ern. The Southern district having very extensive orchards, and small fruit acreage. Three counties in this district having over 70,000 acres in apple trees. From two stations on one line of railroad have been shipped train loads of small fruits in a clay and ten stations on same line shipped in one season 61,953 tons of fruits and vegetables. The Central district has extensive orchard plantings. The Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis in 1904 appropriated $12,000 for the purpose of an Illinois fruit display at said Exposition to be installed on May ist, and main- tained until December ist, 1904 (the entire period of the Exposition). This appropriation having been made in August, 1903, with directions that such fruits of the crop of 1903 as could be held over in cold storage be secured to maintain the fruit exhibit from May ist, 1904, imtil the crops of that year matured. Aj>])les being the only fruit that could be held over successfully, a supply of them vms secured and placed in stor- age in September, October, and November, 1903. Five thousand square feet of space was secured in the Palace of Horticulture at the Exposition for the exhibit and installation, fixtures placed thereon prior to the opening of the Exposition May ist, 1904, upon which date the exhibit was put in place, and maintained with apples from storage of 1903 croji until the crop of 1904 began to ma- 139 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition tnre al)<)iit June ist. From this latter date fruits of all kinds were sup- plied as they matured, during the period of the Exposition. Among the most popular varieties of apples exhiliited were: For curly apples. — Yellow Transparent, Red June, Benoni, Wealthy, Duchess, Maiden Blush. For fall or carl\ -zeiiilcr. — ( irimes Golden, Jonathan. U'iiilcr ■varieties. — \\'ine Sap, Willow Twig, Rome Beauty, Ben Davis. Peaches. — Reeves, Elherta, Diamond. Pears. — Bartlett, Tvson, Sechel, Duchess. LIST OF EXHIBITORS AND AWARDS ON COLLECTIONS OF APPLES AND OTHER FRUITS Prizes Awarded. To Illinois Commission on installation of exhibit. Grand Prize; on exhibit of fruit. Grand Prize. First Prizes, Gold Medals. Heaton Bros New Burnside J. W. Stanton Richview S. G. SovERHiLL Tiskilwa E. A. Riehl Alton Second Prizes, Silver Medals. Central Horticulture Society, E. D. Kennedy Alound City Jno. J. Foster. President, Normal A. W. Louis New Burnside Northern Horticulture Society, C. Laubmeyer Odin H. T. Thompson, President, ]\Iaringo T. P. Mautz Stewardson Southern Horticulture Society, A. C. Mattaz Hardin J. W. Stanton, President, Richview W. B. McGuire Carbondale H. A. Aldrich Neoga H. L. McKee Villa Ridge E. J. Ayres Villa Ridge H. G. McPike Alton D. F. Beauman Tunnel Hill C. M. Paisley & Son Irving L. R. Bryant Princeton G. H. Perrine & Sons Centralia W. E. Carlin Jerseyville Chris. Ringhausen Hardin Chapman & Hooker Vienna E. D. Slanker Olney W. L. Cope Tonti W. J. Stiles Sandoval J. A. DooDS Sandoval P. Stemler Waterloo W. Dy'Ke Effingham F. H. Simpson Flora I. W. Fuller Anna B. L. Wiley ?\Iakanda H. L. Graff Murphysboro C. H. Williamson Quincy A. A. Hinckley DuBois C G. Winn Griggsville F. B. Hines Alto Pass E. Worthern Alurphysboro Jas. Husband Leanderville D. P. Anderson Anna 141 X X UJ H 5 oi u. o z o p u UJ CO 4 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Third Prizes, Bronze Medals. S. J. Baldridge Richvicw Jas. Barton Crab Orchard E. E. Beebe Parkersburg S. J. Beers Vandalii Geo. a. Bell Cobden D. J. Brown Peoria W. R. Grain Villa Ridge L. F. DiNTLEMEN Belleville G. H. EcKERT Dixon G. \\'. Endicott \llla Ridge C. H. EcKERT Belleville F. HoLDEN Litchfield M. A. Hooker McLeansboro S. D. LaRosh Pekiii E. G. Mendenhall Kinmundy W. S. Ross Alma G. W. Scott Hardin E. Tucker Richview W. A. Young Butler Additional List of Illinois Exhibitors. Most of whose exhibits were not entered for competition but whose contributions aided in making the Illinois exhibit a success : Angustine & Go Normal Wm. Berry New Burnside J. H. Galance Millville H. M. DuNLAP Savoy J. F. Jolly Olney W. D. Linton Patoka G. W. Leeright Murphysboro O. Z. McKee Mounds Wm. Perry Milton W. S. Patrick Westridge Wm. Rider Shawneetown J. H. Shipperd Makanda H. T. Thompson Marengo J. Trammel Stonefort G. Vaughn Odin G. H. Webster Gentralia 143 i SECTION OF COAL EXHIBIT Report of ihe Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Mines and Metallurgy Exhibit Committee.-W. WARDER, Chairman; J. N. C. SHUMWAY, H. M. DUNLAP REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT WALTER H. JACKSON, Vienna LIST OF AWARDS Illinois State Exhibit Gold Medal Illinois State Exhibit Silver Medal Illinois State Commission Gold Medal Geo. S. Mepham & Co., East St. Louis, Mineral paints and colors Silver Medal Natural Carbon By-Products Co., Freeport Bronze Medal The exhibit covers a space 25 x 75 feet, facing on two of the main aisles near the southeast entrance, to the Mines and Metallurgy Build- ing- The installation is uniform with that of the other exhibits of the State. The object of the exhibit is to show particularly the mineral, and to some extent the mineral industries, though Illinois is not con- sidered generally an important mining country, the value of mineral products is increasing at a rapid ratio. The most important branch of production, according to its value, is that of coal. After this comes the various materials used in the man- ufacture of brick and ceramics. The building stone, although limited to a few varieties of limestone and sandstone, are of great importance, as is also stone and gravel used for road material, railroad, ballast, concrete, and flux for iron reduc- tion. Portland and Natural cements are extensively manufactured and the domestic product is rapidly replacing imported materials. The Natural cement especially has taken a leading part and cement is also being produced as a by-product from the various steel plants. Lead and zinc, which occur in connection with each other have for a long time been produced in Jo Davies County, and in later years in Southern Illinois in veins mined partly for fluorite. Fluorite is of increasing importance in the arts and its production on a commercial scale is so far limited to deposits in Illinois and Kentucky. Its abund- ance in this State has increased its availability for many purposes. The manufacturers of pigments are availing themselves of various materials adapted to their uses. 10 145 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition COAL, The exliil)it of coal consists of a series of large bl(jcks intended to show the character and thickness of the veins ; the largest block, weigh- ing fifteen tons, is the largest single piece ever hoisted from a mine ; there are eleven of these blocks from different mines ranging from the largest down to one block of one ton. The following companies are exhibitors : Breese Coal Mining Co., Breese, size, 3 ft. 7 in. x 3 ft. 7 in. x 7 ft. 8 in. Coal Valley Mining Co., Sherrard. 3 ft. x 3 ft. x 3 ft. Springfield Coal ^Mining Co.. ■Mine at Taylorville. 3 ft. x 3 ft. X 8 ft. Southern Illinois Coal Mining and ^^'ASIIIXG Co., Marion 3>4 ft. X 3>4 ft. x9 ft. Springfield District Coal Operators Association. Spring- field, 3 ft. x 3 ft. X 6 ft. Chicago Virden Coal Co., Virden. 6 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. 3 in. Williamson County Coal Co., Johns*^on, 3 ft. x 3 ft. x 9 ft. Big Muddy Coal & Iron Co., Carterville, 3 ft. x 3 ft. x 8 ft. 7 in. Big Muddy Coal & Iron Co., Mnrphysboro, 2V^ ft. x 2^ ft. x 6 ft. Empire Coal Co., Gilchrist, 3 ft. x 3 ft. x 4 ft. -4 ft. Madison Coal Co., Divernon, 6 ft. x 7 ft. x 8 ft. 2 in. A series of smaller specimens is exhibited on the tables showing analysis and physical properties. A bulletin prepared under the direction of S. \\\ Parr, M. S., Pro- fessor of applied chemistry at the University of Illinois (University Studies Vol. i. Part 7), gives one hundred fifty analysis and calorine- metric tests of Illinois coal, and describes the methods used in obtaining the tabulated results. The ])amphlet is illustrated and accompanied by charts, giving in a graphic manner the average constitution of Illi- nois coal and similar charts of other coals for comparison. Prof. Parr's pamphlet has been widely distributed and has l)een highly appreciated by the State Commission as an aid in giving inform- ation to users of coal, and is here reproduced in ]jart. CLAY In clay products, the importance of the industry can only be shown l)y statistics as common brick wlu'ch is made all over the State in such a uniform character, and so well known that exhibits are not necessary. 147 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition A fine line of face bricks was also left out, as it would duplicate ex- hibits made by manufacturers in other sections of the building. This also to a great extent of tlie Northwestern Terra Cotta Company, which is the best material of its kind in the country. Brick and clays are exhibited from : The Purington Paving Brick Co., Galesburg. The Springfield Paving Brick Co., Springfield. Barr Clay Company, Streator. B. F. Townsley, Aledo. Argillo Works, Carbon Cliff. Streator Paving Brick Company, Streator. Selley & Son, Danville. Mamer Bros., Campus. Many of the Illinois clays are excellently adapted for the manu- facture of stone-ware and sewer pipe. The Stoneware Pipe Company of East Alton, and the Argillo Works of Carbon Cliff, exhibit sewer pipes. While stoneware industry of the State is extensively developed, the exhibit of Weir Pottery of Monmouth, was considered sufficiently characteristic to represent the industry. A series of clays are arranged in cubes and boxes and selected to show such as adapted to the principal lines of the industry, ranging from kaolin to fire clays. In this connection, we also show some speci- mens of Amorphous Silica, which is used in the pottery industry. STONE Neither the Geology or Topography offer many opportunities for the development of stone quarries, but such stone as is available is ex- tensively used. The limestone of the Silurian series are the principal sources of supply. The quarries about Joliet being among the largest in the United States. The limestone is generally used in the form of rubble or frock faced ashler. Among other specimens of limestone in the shape of eight-inch dressed cubes, are shown from the quarries of: Wm. Cooper, Monmouth. P. J- Howard, Rosiclare. S. B. Strate, Palmyra. H. HoLSHSER, Marine. Chase Quarry, Jonesboro. W. H. Ballard, Jonesboro. H. J. Bowman, Alton. Ft. Madison & Appanoose Stone Co., East Ft. ^^ladison. 148 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Casper Steel Quarry & Construction Co., Stolle. Queen City Quarry Co., Rockton. Alton Lime & Cement Co., Alton. Some beds of sandstone produce excellent building material which has long been used for local purposes, but is now finding a wider mar- ket. The following being exhibitors : Colona Sandstone Co., Murphysboro. H. S. Crabtree, Anna. J. W. Oliver, Charleston. Great quantities of crushed limestone are used for road making. Specimens are shown from : Grafton Quarry Co., Grafton. Ft. Madison & Appanoose Stone Co.^ East St. Louis. The glacial gravels of the northern part of the State are also ex- tensively used for this purpose. LEAD AND ZINC The lead and zinc from Jo Davies County occurs in veins and cavi- ties in the Silurian limestone. Large masses of galena crystals and of sphalerite or zinc blende are exhibited. Mining has been carried on in this district for over fifty years, but the industry is capable of very great extension according to a recent report made by Mr. H. Foster Bain, of the United States Geological Survey. The lead and zinc of Southern Illinois occurs associated with veins of fluorite and are of secondary importance in this district. Specimens are exhibited by : GoLcoNDA Mining Co., Golconda, Pope County. Henry Pierce, Golconda, Pope County. Fairview Mining Co., Rosiclare, Hardin County. R. F. Taylor, Elizabethtown. Royal Mining Co., Galena, Jo Davies County. Little Corporal Mine, Galena. Jo Davies County. Aldenburg Mine, Galena, Jo Davies County. Klenger & Webber, Galena, Jo Davies County. FLUORSPAR Fluorspar, which is found only in the southern part of the State, has, within the last few years developed into an extensive mining dis- 149 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition trict, having one of the largest fluorspar mines in the United States. The deposits are in fissure veins, having a width in some cases of twen- ty-five feet. The exhibit consists of crystallized specimens showing well defined crystal, also large specimens in massive forms. The fol- lowing exhibitors have contributed a number of specimens : GoLcoNDA Mining Co., Golconda. Henry Pierce, Golconda. Fairview Mining Co., Rosiclare. RosiCLARE Lead and Fluorspar Mining Co., Rosiclare. R. F. Taylor, Elizabethtown. PAINTS As to paint pigments and mineral colors which are manufactured product, only a part of the material is mined in Illinois. This exhibit of Geo. S. Mepham & Company, of East St. Louis, was awarded a sil- ver medal. The exhibit of the Natural Carbon By-products Company of Free- port, shows the carbonaceous shales in their crude state and pulverized forms ; also the oil which is extracted from these shales. The pulver- ized shale mixed with oil makes a fine preservative paint for wood and steel, and will no doubt, within a few years, become a large industry in that part of the State. This exhibit was awarded a bronze medal. SILICA Silica in the form of a very pure friable amorphous deposit is found in large quantities in Union County. This promises to be of value for glass and pottery making. It is not manufactured in the form of a wood filler and as an ingredient in paints. Gypsum, although not mined expensively in Illinois, is exhibited in the finished product, which is prepared by the United States Gypsum Company, this being part of their exhibit, which was awarded a Grand Prize. The collective exhibit was awarded two gold medals and a silver medal ; one gold and a silver medal to the State of Illinois, the other gold to the Illinois State Commission. ADDITIONAL LIST OF EXHIBITORS AND LOCALITIES CONTRIBUTING Alexander County, E. A. Smith. Cairo. Ochre. American Sand, Lime and Brick Co., Chicago. BouscHER, J. C, Jonesboro. Amorphous silica. 150 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Campus Brick and Tile Works. Campus. Clay. Greenville. Clay. Elizabethtown. Iron ore and pig iron. Fowler, James, Cobden. Shale and lime. Glenn, J. C, Murphysboro. Building stone. Goodman & Karraker, Cobden. Clays and ])rodncts. Grieb, John, Jonesboro. Amorphous silica. Hardin County, Rosiclare. Zinc, lead and fluorite. Hicks, Chas. F.. Drake. Clay and products. Mathieson & Hegeler Zinc Co., La Salle. Zinc spelter. Northwestern Terra Cotta Co. Clay and products. Oldenburg Mine, Galena. Zinc and lead ores. Purington Paving Brick Co., Galesburg. Clay and products. Quarries Operating Co.. Lemont. Building stone. Reynolds. George H., Deer Park Glenn. Clay and products. Shelton Pottery Co., Me*^ropolis. Clay and products. Sinclair, D., Ullin. Building stone. Townsley, B. F., Aledo. Clay and products. Waters. W. M., Galena. Zinc and lead ores. WiER Pottery Co., Monmouth. Clay and products. James Terro, Troy. Spheroid. Crystal Flourspar Mfg. Co. Ore. COAL INDUSTRY OF ILLINOIS Illinois Ranks Second Among the Coal Producing States Year TOTAL QUANITY SHORT tons total value AvK, Profit Per Ton- Ave. No. Days Active Ave. No. Employed 1889 12,104.272 $11,755,203 $ .97 1890 15.292.420 14,171,230 .93 204 28574 1891 15,660,698 14,237,074 .91 216 32591 1892 17,862,276 16,243,645 .91 220 34585 1893 19,949,564 17,827,595 .89 229 35390 1894 17,113,576 15,282.111 .89 183 38477 1895 17,735,864 14,239,157 .80 182 38(i30 1896 19,786,625 15,809,736 .80 186 33054 1897 20,072,758 14.472,529 .72 185 33788 1898 18,599,299 14,567,598 .78 175 35026 1899 24.439,019 20,744,553 .85 228 36756 1900 25,765,981 26.927,185 1.04 226 39101 1901 27,331,552 28,163,937 1.03 220 41880 1902 32,939,373 33.945.910 1.03 226 47411 Total tons for fourteen j'ears 284,655,277 Total value for fourteen years $258,387,463 151 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition CLAY INDUSTRY OF ILLINOIS Rank of State Fourth Material 1900 1902 Brick $5,133,619 1,311.360 622,470 641,473 $6,422,812 Tile 1,668,996 Terra Cotta 1,000,765 Pottery 789,367 Total Value $7,708,859 $9,881,840 STONE INDUSTRY OF ILLINOIS Rank of State Second Material Purpose V.ALUE /■ For Building For Roadmaking ... $ 640,443 588,796 Limestone -^ For Ballast For Concrete For otherwise 399,537 232,439 1,371,403 Total Value $3,222,608 152 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Department of Mines and Metallurgy ILLINOIS EXHIBIT SUPPLEMENTARY REPORT By S. W. PARR, M. S., University of Illinois Illinois occupies a somewhat anomalous position in the matter of mineral and metallurgical interest. While having the first and second largest zinc producing plants in the world the production of raw ore within the borders of the State is insignificant. Similarly while pos- sessing one of the largest steel mills in the world, producing the finished product direct from the ore, the ore itself all comes from without the State. The accessory factors which have been largely responsible for the location of these interests have been, first, shipping facilities, and second, the abundance and cheapness of the fuel supply. COAL DEPOSITS Instances could be indefinitely multiplied indicating the import- ance to our industrial life of the coal deposits of the State. Ranking second among all the States in its tonnage production and with an an- nual output valued at $35,000,000, it is entirely fitting that chief promi- nence should be given this feature in the Illinois exhibit devoted to Mines and Metallurgy. It is probably not too much to say, indeed others who are competent to judge have said that the Illinois coal ex- hibit was the best arranged and most instructive in its line on the grounds. Especially noteworthy was the specimen, measuring 6 ft. x 7 ft. x 8 ft. 2 in., being one unbroken block and weighing fifteen tons. The samples were well distributed throughout the coal producing area and were most excellent illustrations of the complete cross-sections of their respective veins. RELATIVE VALUES In connection with the coal exhibit there should be mentioned the charts and bulletin embodying a study of the chemical composition of the coals of the State.This is the first serious attempt ever made to de- termine the quality of Illinois coals, their calorific values, etc., from the chemical standpoint. The results thus made available are of un- usual general interest and the published material has been in great de- mand by both users and producers of coal both in this and other States. 153 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition CLAY INDUSTRIES Next in importance is the clay industries of the State. In this line Illinois makes a most creditable showing, ranking third and producing an annual output of the value of $10,000,000. The most important lines are the manufacture of high grade brick and terra cotta, vitrified and farm tile and common pottery. The clays and shales of the State are of such a nature as to indicate possibilities along these lines far in excess even of our present excellent showing, and ranging all the way from high grade material for the finest pottery to the best shales for paving and face brick. BUILDING STONE In the production of limestone Illinois is surpassed only by Penn- sylvania. The total value of the annual output being three and one- half million dollars. FLUORSPAR While the above items include the more prominent products we should not fail to note the flourspar exhibit which shows Illinois to possess the greatest deposit of flourspar in the world. The use of this material is growing and the product is used in the manufacture of glass, as a flux in iron smelting and for the manufacture of chemicals. AMORPHOUS SILICA Among the most interesting of the geological products are the ex- tensive deposits of amorphous silica in Union and Alexander Counties. The use of this material is on the increase and its adaptability to a wide range of service is beginning to be recognized. While beds of marl have not been met with the cement materials of Southern Illinois are in evidence and only await intelligent investi- gation to gain proper recognition. A new zinc field has been found and is being developed in Pope and Hardin Counties. NO ECONOMIC SURVEY One striking fact has been most vividly developed by the exhibit. The very excellence of its showing emphasizes the fact that Illinois has nothing in the way of an economic survey of the mineral resources and possibilities of the State. This exhibit illustrates above all things else the need and the justification of such a survey. 154 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Fish Exhibit Committee.— A. CAMPBELL, Chairman; J. N. SHUMWAY, H. M. DUNLAP In Charge of STATE FISH COMMISSION NAT H. COHEN, President; S. P. BARTLETT, Secretary This exhibit at the United States Fish Commission Building was in the large aquarium, situated in the southeast corner of the build- ing, and the two smaller aquaria immediately adjoining on the right and left. In the larger aquaria, the Commissioners decided to show the com- mercial fishes of the State, that is to say, such fishes as were commonly used for shipping, and found in greatest abundance ; namely : the carp, buffalo, the coarser cat-fishes, and dog-fish. The dog-fish, in the last few years, have become a very important factor in the food supply, hav- ing been previously thrown away as worthless, but now extensively used by a class of people in the larger cities, and sold alive under the name of grass bass. In this aquarium has been carried for a period of seven months, perhaps the largest amount in weight ever carried in an aquarium for that length of time with so small a percentage of loss. In the smaller aquaria, was shown the game fish of the State, a list of which comprises the black bass, crappie, sun-fishes, yellow perch, white perch, war mouth bass, and the two varieties of striped bass. These aquarias have attracted a great deal of attention, particular- ly, among those who are interested in the subject of fish propagation and distribution, and have given people a better idea of what our State has produced than could have been obtained by any other method. The use of the Steamer Illinois during the season, has been almost continuous in carrying fish from places where they were collected to St. Louis, and has been the only practical way in which they could be de- livered in proper condition. The water at St. Louis for the whole period of the Exposition, has been of a character that has called for the strictest attention on the part of the employes. The process of clearing the water used by the St. Louis Water Company is of such a nature that the water comes to the building thoroughly imi)regnated with chemicals. A very large quant- ity of lime is used for the purpose of throwing down the solids in the water in their reservoirs, and has frequently shown such strength that it has eaten the covering from some of the zinc appliances in the build- ing. It has the effect of taking the mucous coating from off of the fishes, and is rapidly followed by the development of fungus, if not 155 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLINOIS FISH EXHIBIT properly cared for, would result in the destruction of the fish in a very short time. The distance from the river or depot to the World's Fair grounds being- so great, made the transportation of fish from either point ex- pensive, but aside from that we have but little to complain of, as will be noted from our accounts. The only feature of expense that we have asked to have paid, other than the taking of fish, is that of coal used on Steamer Illinois, and cost of hauHng. Personal attention has been given the exhibit by the Commission- ers, at least two days of each week, frequently for the whole week, with a view to do what we could to explain to those interested, the scope and nature of our work. The fishing industry of the State represents one of the greatest commercial interests. First, the rivers of our State produce annually from fifteen to twenty million pounds of coarser fish which find a mar- ket in the east, bought at a price that affords good compensation to the fishermen along the rivers, and from the fact that they are selling them dressed, enables the fishermen to get a full price for the full weight of his sales. The gamier varieties, are shipped to larger markets, and have been selling for a good price. The output of the fish business in 156 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLINOIS FISH EXHIBIT the city of Chicago has assumed gigantic proportion. Fish food pro- duced, as it is without material cost to the fishermen, is put upon the market at prices which make it a very cheap food, and we feel author- ized in saying that there is no more economical food producing source than that developed in the work of our Commission. Comparisons are always invidious, but we can hardly allow this report to pass from us, without saying that from the economical standpoint. Illinois has had the advantao-e of all other States having exhibits at the World's Fair. At the Forestry, Fish and Game Building, space was given for the pur- pose of making a live fish display by all the States in the Union. A num- ber of the States made an appropriation ranging from ten to twenty thousand dollars for the purpose of making a live fish display. Part of the States proceeded to install their plant, make their collections and undertake their exhibit. We regret to say in a large majority of in- stances, they have failed on account of not having the proper means of areation. Illinois, on the other hand, was fortunate enough to make the arrangements mentioned with the United States Fish Com- mission, and was allotted a much better space than we could have hoped to obtain without special interest being taken in our work. They gave our exhibit the same care and attention that they gave their own, and T 157 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition think we can safely say, the g^eneral opinion, as has been expressed, is that the exhibit of live fish of the United States Fish Commission (of which Illinois is a part), has been unequalled in the history of aquaria in this country. We, as Commissioners, desire to thank the Illinois Commission for the great courtesy extended us, and hope that what we have done, will meet with approval, and prove to be in the end as practical as we think it has been. 158 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition The Public and Normal School Exhibit Committee. -WM. J. MOXLEY. Chairman; W. L. MOUNTS. H. M. DUNLAP REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT By ALFRED BAYLISS. Springfield The exhibits of the common schools and the five State Normal schools were installed under the direction of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction. The material of the exhibits was furnished, ex- cept that from the Normal schools, by the school distric^^s, without ex- pense to the Commission, and in substantial conformity with the fol- lowing suggestions, sent to the schools about November i. 1903. Fourteen hundred and four square feet are available for the public schools of Illinois, including the State Normal schools. As far as pos- sible in this space, and within the time now remaining, it is desired that the present status of school education shall be shown, and to this end the co-opera+ion of all school officers, superintendents and teachers is cordially invited. CLASSIFICATION OF SCHOOLS GROUP I. — Elementary Education Class I. Country Schools. Class 2. Semi-graded Schools. Class 3. Graded Schools. GROUP II. - Secondary Education Class 4. High Schools. Class 5. Normal Schools. Under this classification it is desired to exhibit : 1. Legislation, organization, general statistics. 2. Buildings, photographs, plans, models. 3. Administrative methods. 4. Results obtained by methods of instruction. MATERIAL OF EXHIBIT CLASS I. — Country Schools 1 . The design of the best one-room school-house in the county, to include floor plans and method of heating and ventilating. 2. Photographs of ten of the best one-room school buildings in the countv, preferably with pupils and teachers in front of the build- mgs. 159 H ffl I X u _1 O o I u en _1 o < y CQ a. Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ' 3. Photographs of every school building in ten or more counties, I as above. ' 4. Photographs of groups and classes of pupils at work, ' 5. Photograhs of school liliraries, museums, natural history col- : lections, etc. 6. Photographs of school gardens. 7. Manual training work of all kinds. 8. Collections of written work, honestly prepared and in*:elligent- ly labeled, bound in volumes arranged by grades, so as to clearly and faithfully illustrate the solid and indispensable work of the school. 9. Free hand drawing, color work, illustrations, map-drawing, etc. 10. A bound collection of circulars, programs of teachers' meet- ings, school papers, and other printed matter used by the county super- intendents in administrative work. CLASS II. — Semi-Graded Schools i Material for exhibits from schools of this class may be chosen from the items enumerated for country schools or graded schools, in the discretion of teachers, acting under the advice of the county super- intendents. All schools in buildings with fewer than eisrht rooms mav : be counted in this class. CLASS III. Graded Schools 1. In this class should be placed schools in buildings with eight or more rooms for grades below the high school. For work done in this class, the unit is the city, and material may be prepared under the direction of the city superintendent, or corresponding officer. To the itemized suggestion of material under Class I may be added apparatus, appliances, models and materials used in teaching each of the eight grades ; lists of supplementary and collateral reading, reference books, maps, charts, magazines and newspapers in use; printed courses of study, manuals of directions, blanks, reports, records, etc. ; programs, rules and regulations, annual reports and other printed matter. 2. Photographs of all school buildings in the city, showing pupils and teachers at work, as well as exteriors and play grounds. 3. Statistical charts, diagrams and tables, showing graphically the important facts in regard to the population, the number and kind of schools, number of teachers, number of pupils, cost of instruction, etc. CLASS IV.- High Schools 1. A photograph of each and every building in Illinois, used ex- clusively for high school purposes, is earnestly desired. 2. Photographs of physical, chemical and biological laboratories, and the assembly rooms are especially desired. 3. Photographs of manual training and household arts depart- ments, showing equipment and pupils at work. 11 161 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition A COLLECTION OF WOODS BY PUPILS OF COUNTRY SCHOOLS Exhibited at Crawford County Farmers' Institute 4. The school grounds, shown by topographical maps and photo- graphs. 5. School gymnasiums, games and out door sports. 6. Printed lists of text-books, libraries and collateral reading lists. 7. Courses of Study. 8. A graphic representation of the history of the school, show- ing number of graduates, their present occupations, the per cent of pupils who have gone to college higher technical, or professi(^nal schools, and other data tending to illustrate the plans, methods and ideals of the school. 9. Choice specimens of pupils" work in physics, chemistry, biol- ogy and in manual training. 10. Bound volumes of the written work of the pupils, intelligently labeled to show conditions under which the work was done. CLASS V. Normal Schools 1. Topographical map of grounds. 2. Photographs of grounds and buildings. 3. Photographs of interior views of libraries, class room, labora- tories, etc. 162 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition 4. Publications of the school, or of members of the faculty. 5. Thesis of students, graduates, or undergraduates. 6. Special methods of instruction, and piece of apparatus in- vented at, or peculiar to an institution. 7. The Course of Study, equipment, maintenance, history and purposes of the school shown by charts, catalogs, year books, etc. 8. A representative collection of work done by pupils in the prac- tice school. 9. A representative collection of students' written work with especial reference to those forms peculiar to Normal schools, as obser- vation notes, lesson plans and the like. 10. A pamphlet for judicious free distribution, to include para- graphs explanatory of the objective exhibit as well as a restrospective view^ of the school. EXHIBIT REGULATIONS Flat exhibits, because of the limited space, must be shown in wall cabinets. Drawings, photographs, and unbound written work must be mounted on cardboard, the standard dimensions of which will be 2.2 by 28 inches, the latter dimension being vertical. It is recommended that all cardboard used be of court gray color. Photographs for wall cabinets should be either 8 by 10 or 1 1 by 14 inches, and should be mounted directly on the full sized cardboard. Pupils' written work should be on paper 8 by 10 inches. The paper should be of good grade. At the left of each sheet a margin of one and one-quarter inches should be left for binding. The writing may be on one or both sides of the sheet, at the option of the teacher, care being taken to preserve the binding margin. At the top of the first sheet of each pupil's work should be written the name, age and grade of the pupil. Only regular class work is desired. The first draft of the work by the pupil might be followed by an improved draft embodying the corrections. Whenever the subject demands it, a single set of questions, neatly written or printed, should precede the answer papers in each subject. A photograph of the class would be an interesting frontispiece to a volume of work. All exhibits should, as nearly as circumstances will permit, be fully prepared for installation and ready for shipment in accordance with directions, to be supplied later, as early as April i, 1904. The exhibit was a large one, including something on every line suggested. Some idea of its magnitude and variety may be had from the statement that it included more than eleven hundred bound volumes of written work, thirty-three hundred photographs, three thousand pieces of hand work (manual training), and sixty-five hundred draw- ings, all conforming to the "regulations" as heretofore stated. All of 163 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition the Normal schools were well represented, seventy city districts, ten township high schools, and twenty-seven county exhibits of work by country schools. The late date of beginning the preparation of the exhibit had something to do wath its quality and character. Six months from the first notice given schools is too short a time in which to prepare a well organized exhibit of the plan, methods, and work of a State system of schools. Many of the superintendents and teachers who contributed to the Illinois exhibit did not receive authority from the governing boards to incur the necessary expense until their exhibits ought to have been nearly ready for shipment. Some superintendents, both in counties and cities, had to find their own ways and means. This is not always easy to do on short notice. Hence the tardy arrival of much of the material. The preparation of the booth was also delayed by the con- tractors. The factory in New Jersey which contracted to furnish the exhibit cases also caused a fortnight's delay, although the Illinois order was among the early ones. These handicaps, to which may be added a Cjuite inadec|uate appropriation for expenses, combined to detract somewhat from the general appearance of the whole exhibit, as viewed by the casual observer. On the other hand, they also made it impos- sible to present anything other than a fair, every-day in the year repre- sentation of the Illinois schools. Without doubt it would be quite pos- sible for one with authority to select, and take wherever found, pieces of school work, without notice, to canvass the schools of Illinois and assemble an exhibit as good or better than this one within the next thirty days, or within any like period within the next school year. The exhibit had the merit of truth, as far as the truth may well be shown by hasty and inexpensive objective methods. While, therefore, as stated, the exhibit was somewhat crowded, and so installed as to be less impressive than might have been wished to the casual and hasty observer, it is believed that it was well calculated to inform students of education as to actual present conditions in the free schools of Illinois. Taken in connection with the fine exhibit of the City of Chicago, and the more costly exhibit of the University, it may be said that the educational provisions and methods of the State of Illinois were abundantly represented at the Louisiana Purchase Ex- position. The awards given to the Normal and Common school exhiliit were as follows : GROUP I Grand Price — State Department of Public Instruction. Gold Medals — East St. Louis, Board of Education. Peoria, General Exhibit. Peoria, School Music. Winnebago Countv. 165 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Silver Medals — Champaign, Board of Education. Galesburg, Board of Education. Rock Island, Board of Education. Springfield, Board of Education. Bronze Medals — Havana, Board of Education. Galva, Board of Education. Piatt County. GROUP II Gold Medal — Illinois Normal Schools : Collective, DeKalb, Normal. Charleston. Silver Medals — Five Illinois State Normal Schools : Collective exhibit. Illinois Normal Schools: Collective, Carbondale, Ma- comb. Normal Schools, Northern and Normal University. Board of Education, East St. Louis. Board of Education, Galesburg. Board of Education, Peoria. Board of Education, Springfield. Township High Schools : Collective, Oak Park, Ot- tawa. La Salle, Pontiac, Sterling, Streator, Prince- ton. GROUP VllI Gold Medals — Alfred Bayliss, Springfield, Illinois. N. C. Dougherty, Peoria, Illinois. 166 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Exhibit of the University of Ilhnois Committee-WM. J. MOXLEY, W. K. MOUNTS, H. M. DUNLAP Superintendent JAMES M. WHITE, Champaign The educational exhibit of the University of Illinois occupied a space 30 by 45 feet, or an area of 1,290 square feet, open upon an aisle on its long dimension. Against the back and the two side walls were glass-inclosed cases seven feet high, and above these were many en- larged photographs in frames showing the main buildings, views of the campus etc., together with numerous pictures from the department LIBRARY BUILDING of art and design, also a set of finely colored plates of the food and game fish of Illinois. Other cases occupied a part of the central area of the space with room for seats and a writing table. The exhibits were classified according to general subjects illustra- tive of the equipment and work of the colleges of the University from which they came. Professor James M. White of the department of architecture, acting by the authority of the University, collected, ship- 167 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS EXHIBIT ped, and arranged the exhibit, which was made at the expense of the Ilhnois Commission for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. An at- tendant also paid by the Commission was on hand to supply published documents and information to visitors. The exhibits from the colleges were as follows : COLLEGE OF LITERATURE AND ARTS The exhibit of the College of Literature and Arts consisted of: A. Charts representing the growth of the College and the enroll- ment and work of its various departments. B. Charts showing the growth of the College as compared with the other colleges of the University. C. Specimens of work done by students in the department of Art and Design. D. Separate histories in bound volumes, of the growth, the work and the course of each department of the College. E. Publications of the Faculty. F. Specimens of students' thesis. G. A carefully prepared index of the periodical literature of education, compiled by the department of education. The charts were of two kinds ; some showed by means of a broken line the upward trend of the attendance of students, both in the college 168 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition UNIVERSITY OF ILLINO'S EXHIBIT at large and in each of its departments. These charts were constructed by the method of co-ordinates. The other class of charts consisted of circles divided into sectors, which, being- differently colored, repre- sented some particular interest. The third division of the exhibit, relating to art and design, gave a systematic exhibition of the graded work of the department from the elementary drawing of objects through the painting of finished por- traits and landscapes. The group contained illustrations of cast draw- ing, pen and ink rendering, and other divisions of the work. The volume setting forth the history of the separate departments were typewritten and some of them illustrated. In some cases stu- dents' essays were included as examples of the work done in the depart- ment. In each case the history of the department was sketched in order to show the development of its courses as well as the increase in its attendance. Its aims, scope, and method of instruction were sei forth in some detail, and each also contained a biograj^hical sketch of the present staff of the department. The histories of several depart- ments were in some cases bound together so that each department was not always represented by a separate volume. Greek and Latin wer-i bound together, as were the histories of the modern language depart- ments. One volume represented the philosophical group including philosophy, psychology and pedagog}'. Books published by the faculty were, as far as possible, collected and placed on exhibition. Besides these were also many pamphlets and 169 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition periodical articles written by members of the faculty. The Hst was far from being" complete, yet there were more than one hundred books and bound pamphlets to represent the productive activity of the College Faculty. Specimens of students' thesis represented the average work done by writers of undergraduate thesis. Several graduate thesis of marked merit were also included. These were all bound in half leather. An index of periodical literature on educational subjects requiring two or three years to get together, was prepared under the direction of the department of education. The references are by the Dewey system and the list is that to be exhaustive for the period it covers. COLLEGE OF SCIENCE The exhibit of the College of Science contained diagrams and photographs and a set of bound volumes of the contributions to science published by the members of the college faculty, but was otherwise al- most wholly illustrative of the work of only one of its eight depart- ments, that of chemistry, and in this it was confined to the results of two lines of investigation which have for some years been closely as- sociated with the work of the department ; first, a study of the chemical composition and heating value of the coals of the State, and, second, a sanitary survey of Illinois waters. The importance of the first is em- phasized by the fact that Illinois ranks second among American States in tonnag'e output, with a valuation in the aggregate of $35,000,000 annually. The exhibit showed four pieces of apparatus developed in the de- partment and designed especially for determining the number of heat units ; the per cent of total carbon ; the sulpur content; and the cooking properties and percentage. The analytical results for one hundred fifty samples of Illinois coal were obtained by the aid of these instruments, and charted in groups corresponding to the seven mine-inspection districts, and also accord- ing to the geological seams. Under the second division, the sanitary work on the waters of the State was illustrated by four ten-gallon jars of water, each accompanied by a bottled collection showing, in proper proportion, the different min- eral constituents held in solution. The four samples illustrated waters from springs; from shallow drift wells; from deep drift water; and from deep rock water. A very notable feature of this exhibit was a set of charts illus- trating the self-purification of the Illinois river, covering considerable periods both before and after the opening of the Chicago drainage canal, and showing, besides the transformations resulting from aeration and oxidation, the tendency of large streams to retain their individual- ity after uniting, instead of becoming a uniform mixture. Progress made in a natural history survey of the State was par- tially illustrated by a collection of the food and game fishes of Illinois, and by a set of colored plates of fishes shown in frames under glass. 170 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition A set of large diagrams was included in the exhibit, showing the registration of the college for each of the last ten years, the registration of men and women respectively, and the ratio of each to the total num - ber of each in the entire University. These, together with photo- graphs illustrating the buildings and equipment of the college, were mounted in large frames hinged against the wall. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTUFIE The agricultural portion of the University exhibit was designed to show the comparative produce of Illinois soils expressed in terms of both crops and animal products. The yields shown were of corn, wheat, oats, beans, potatoes, apples, tomatoes, milk, butter, cheese, pork, mutton, and beef. ~ - The actual amount of corn, wheat, apples, and other crops shown was the normal yield of one-hundredth of an acre of standard fertile soil of Illinois. The milk shown was the amount that should be pro- duced from the same amount of land when growing crops suitable for milk production, and the butter and cheese shown were such as could be made from this milk. A mounted steer which when living weighed 750 pounds repre- sented the amount of beef that should be produced from an acre of soil in one year. The same land would produce ten such sheep as shown, weighing in all 1,100 pounds, or 100 pigs like the roaster shown or their equivalent, with a total weight of i .400 pounds. Incidentally the work in soil improvement was shown by a num- ber of yields from soils naturally deficient in fertility, taken both before and after treatment, and thus showing the benefit of intelligent methods of soil restoration. These results are shown in the following table, in which the yield should be compared with those from a normal fertile soil — seventy-five bushels for corn, thirty bushels for wheat, and sixty bushels for oats. Yields obtained from three types of soil in Illinois when the three elements of plant food are applied separately : Treatment Sand (Deficient inN.) Lower Illinoisan Glaciated Prairie (Deficient in P.) Bu. Wheat PER A. Peaty Swamp (Deficient in K.) Bu. Corn PER A. Bu. Corn per A. Nitrogen(N.) 65 25 20 11.5 28.3 14.7 3.0 Phosphorus(P.) 4.6 Potassium(K.) 72.6 171 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ARMORY AGRICULTURAL BUILDING in ri s g r E SH W^ i£i It! CHEMICAL LABORATORY 172 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition In a similar way the relative efficiency of cows was brought out by showing-, not one but two amounts of milk, butter, and cheese as the product of an acre — one by an ordinary cow of low efficiency and the other, three times as great, by a cow of high efficiency. These items are all combined and shown in the followins: table expressing what an acre of fertile Illinois soil can produce in one year ; Corn 75 bushels Wheat 30 bushels Oats 60 bushels Beans 20 bushels Potatoes 200 bushels Tomatoes •. 300 bushels Apples 200 barrels Beef 750 pounds live weight Mutton 1,100 pounds live weight Pork 1,400 pounds live weight Milk (by a cow like Tina Clay Queen) 1,804 pounds Milk (by a cow like Rose) 3,800 pounds Butter (by a cow like Tina Clay Queen) 75 pounds Butter (by a cow like Rose) 221 pounds Cheese (by a cow like Tina Clay Queen) 147 pounds Cheese (by a cow like Rose) 488 pounds In addition to house plans, interior, and other material for stu- dents' work the household science department showed the total food value of all these products in terms of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and total nutrients. The energy content per acre was shown in terms of calories, and the cost per pound of each at the retail price. It also showed the equivalents in total nutrients and in total proteins of a cjuart of milk as compared with fifteen common food materials. An- other chart showed a day's ration for one person, according to accepted dietary standards at a cost of twenty-five cents for the raw material. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING The articles contributed by this college were arranged in an al- cove, partly enclosed by cases of books and for folding frames on which were placed photographs and diagrams mounted on large cards. A larger case contained the more bulky specimens of the work of students in the engineering shops. Above these cases were placed on the walls enlarged views and some original designs by architectural students. A large series of good photographs, arranged for convenient ex- amination, presented views of all buildings occupied by the College of Engineering, especially of their interiors, showing class and drawing rooms, shops and laboratories, incidentally illustrating much of the equipment of machines and apparatus. A series of large diagrams and tables afforded full information concerning the very remarkable in- crease in the number of students in attendance during recent years. 173 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ENGINEERING BUILDING Since the engineering shops form a part of the department of me- chanical engineering, the larger and more obvious portion of the entire exhibit was contributed by this department. The shop work of students comprised a complete series for the course during the first two years in woodwork, forging, foundry, in the use of machines, and in bench work, progressing from the most elementary to complex forms. Great care is devoted to methods and instruction here, not for teaching trades or training mechanics," but to show the future engineer how to handle materials and combine them in a machine or structure, in order that he may be able intehigently to design for economical construction. The system employed here is not excelled elsewhere. Advanced work of similar character was shown by the cylinders of Sayers & Zimmerman's sixty-five horse power tandem compound steam engine, designed and built by students, and to be placed in the new steam engineering laboratory; an Oliver recording machine for testing motors ; also numerous small tools made in the shops by stu- dents, and shown as specimens of excellent workmanship. Illustrating advanced work in machine design there were shown complete working drawings for Kuss & Skinner's eighty-five horse power engine for superheated steam and Park's steam hammer; (2) a series of students' note books in shops and laboratories; (3) some bound copies of these by seniors ; and (4) a case containing copies of all text books used in the entire course in mechanical engineering. The department of civil engineering furnished a large series of note and field books, copies of working designs for engineering struc- 174 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition tures, reports from cement lal)oratory. and several examples of thesis by senior students. Especial care was taken fully to illustrate the ex- cellent course of study in the different branches of surveying, especially in its application to railway engineering, and in the economical design and construction of steel bridges — a matter of vital importance to rail- ways with rapidly increasing weight of trains. Much time and study have been devoted by the department to experiments on lime and cement mortars and concrete, obtaining results that have become classic in engineering, and this work was fully shown in the exhibit. The department of applied mechanics pays chief attention to in- struction and experiments in its well equipped laboratories concerning the strength of engineering materials. The exhibits chiefly consisted of numerous specimens of materials showing the result of experiments on steel, cast iron, wood under various stresses, concrete, and especiallv paving bricks, to which especial attention has been devoted. To these are added a series of problems in mechanics and another on note books or laboratory experiments. From the department of architecture was sent a series of framed designs by students, mostly prepared as the final work before gradua- tion and giving evidence of the attainments of each man. The prin- cipal subjects were: "Chautauqua Assembly," "Country Club," "Music school," and an "Institutional Church." A special illustrated circular of information concerning this department was printed and distributed to visitors. The department of physics contributed photographs of its labora- tories and apparatus, sets of students' note books in general and ad- vanced physics, and especially a complete series of the excellent prob- lems devised for students' experiments, the result of many years of ex- perience in this department. COLLEGE OF MEDICINE The exhibit of the Colleg'e of Medicine consisted of a large series of normal and pathological specimens and dextrously executed dissec- tions of various portions of the human body. These were mounted so as to show to the best advantage the special peculiarities in each case and so as to secure permanent preservation. On the whole the exhibits from the University afforded an excel- lent exposition of its equipment and of material results of its training ; the spirit that vivifies its method can not be made known at an exhibi- tion, but can only be ascertained by careful personal investigation. Grand Prizes were given the University exhibit as a whole, also to the Mechanical Engineering exhibit. The experiment station illustrat- ing the breeding of corn and the treatment of soils, under the direction of Dr. C. T. Hopkins, also received a Grand Prize. From August ist until the close of the Fair, Mrs. Laura B. Evans was in immediate charge of the University exhibit. 175 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Exhibits from the Medical and Dental Colleges of the University of Illinois REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT DR. W. T. ECKLEY, 979 Jackson Blvd., Chicago The medical and dental departments of the University of Illinois exhibited their respective products illustrative of their technical instruc- tion, in the south balcony of the Palace of Education, in the section of Charities and Correction, of the Department of Social Economy, Louis- iana Purchase Exposition. Collectively, their exhibits were educational and rq^resented in large part the work of the students of these two departments of the L'niversity. Much credit for the successful outcome of the exhibit is due the dean, Dr. AMlliam E. Otiinn, and the secretary. Dr. D. A. K. Steele of the medical department, and Dr. B. J. Cigrand and Dr. C. E. Jones,, dean and secretary respectively, of the Dental school. The medical exhibit was awarded a grand prize, and it is indeed significant and a fact of which every citizen of our state may justly feel proud, that our dental school captiu'ed the only gold medal awarded for dental school exhibits. Every effort was made by the exhibitors to make the temporary stay of their visitors one of comfort, profit and recreation. Every specimen exhibited was in itself an art study for the layman, and a scientific study for the physician and dentist. To add not only to the attractiveness, but also to the scientific usefulness, a well equipped read- ing room, provided with literature bearing directly on the specimens exhibited, was maintained, and many, indeed, were the visitors who availed themselves of its privileges. From June to December first the sotith balcony was visited by about I ^o.ooo sightseers, and taking into consideration the location in the balcony and the intimate relation l)orne liy medicine to the common aft'airs of human life, we justly conclude that the vast numbers of visi- tors, representing every nation, contained more than idle curiosity seek- ers. The L'niversity of Illinois showed the world the full meaning of practical instruction in medicine and dentistry — a logical consumma- tion only, however, when it is recalled that Chicago today is the great- est medical center on the continent and the L^niversit'y of Illinois, in point of monetary resources, second to no institution of learning in the United States. 12 177 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition PHYSIOLOGICAL LABORATORY For evident reasons associated with clinical instruction and the study of anatomy and pathology on the dead, the medical and dental departments of the University of Illinois are located in Chicago. In a modern medical, or dental education, clinical or bedside instruction is a necessary adjunct to didactic lectures. In Chicago thousands of sick annually visit the free clinics and dispensaries, both medical and dental, and while in the capacity of patients they receive all the benefits of mod- ern therapeutic or surgical methods, they in turn confer on their bene- factors, the professional schools, incalculable good by permitting their ailments to be studied by the students, under competent clinical instruc • tors. A great city then, having ample clinical advantages, is necessary to the welfare of professional schools looking to the greatest good of humanity; hence, the reciprocity between the impecunious patient and the student of medicine and dentistry works a double good. It is in the dissecting room and post-mortem chamber that the stu- dent learns the delicate art of using scalpel, forceps, tenaculum, ligature and bandage. Here he acquires a knowledge of form, relations, nutri - tion, function and adaptability of organs to environment. Here he studies pathology, the science treating of organs influenced by injury or disease. Here he studies the results of fractures and dislocations, and 178 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition PATHOLOGICAL LABORATORY witnesses the ravages of tuberculosis and cancer. Here in a word, the future diagnostician of disease is incubated. The recent exhibits of the medical and dental schools of the Uni- versity were principally on anatomy and pathology. Anyone having studied the exhibits and appreciated the amount of time and material consumed in their preparation must endorse the decision of the jurors awarding the prizes, and heartily commend both the faculty and stu- dents of the institution exhibiting them. The exhibit was conducted and planned on lines consistent with the policy and spirit of the promoters of the Exposition, viz : to show something practical and the principles underlying its production. The reader or observer may judge for himself our success in following this precept, when he recalls that we exhi1)ited dissections of all parts of the human body, duplicate in many instances by parallel dissections on the lower animals ; that we presented beautifully mounted pathological specimens prepared under the direction of Prof. W. A. Evans, collect- ively illustrative of all the diseased conditions of the human body in this latitude; that we brought together in our model dissection and post- mortem room unit, the latest instruments, antiseptics and other con- veniences for both dissecting material and operators. 179 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition As in the practice of his pi-ofession. the law inticipates on the part of the practitioner the possession of ordinary skill and the exercise of ordinary care, so here are our students taught the practical lesson thai ordinary care and ordinary skill contemplate aseptic and antiseptic pre- cautions. That our exhihit might be more closely in touch with the practical, as estiinated by the practitioner of medicine, we accepted the assistance of the following gentlemen who at the time the exhibit was in ])repara- tion were doing post graduate work in our scliool. Dr. (laines of Bates City, Missouri, contributed a dissection showing the brain and spinal cord in situ : Dr. \Tctor. of Iowa, presented pelyic and articular dissections; Drs. Hughes and Dilworth of Indiana and California respectiyely, dissected the human head and neck, elaborated with refer- ence to surgical operations in these regions ; Drs. Skinner and Skinner of Bano-or, N. H.. contributed dissections of the extremities and ab- dominal organs : Dr. Parsons of Dakota contributed many valuable and practical specimens. With one exception, these gentlemen are alumni of medical colleges other than our own. Each, however, brought his own ideas of originality and inc(^rporated the same in his work. Each had been practising medicine for years, and consequently our exhibit profited not only by the product of his handiwork, but also by the light of his genius, experience, originality and practical views. A number of individuals affiliated with the school of friendship and confidence only, exhibited their products under the banner of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago. Each was awarded a gold medal on his exhibit. Each was a specialist in his particular line, a circumstance always enhancing the comparative value of a com- modity. Each exhil)ited article had a direct bearing either on anatomy or pathology, hence it enhanced correspondingly the value of the gen- eral exhibit in its totality. Dr. James Moores Ball, author of Modern Ophthalmology, a resident in St. Louis, contributed his private collec- tion of diseased and injured human eyes, consisting of twenty-five jars. Dr. Gustav Futterer of Chicago, contributed micro-photographs and descriptive reprints embodying his orinigal research on "Genuine Epi- thelial Hyperpasia Artificially Produced in the Stomach of Ralobits.'" I. D. Young, Pontiac, Illinois, and student of Barnes ]\Iedical College. St. Louis, presented a dissection of brain and spinal cord in continuity. C. D. Kiler, Belleflower, Illinois, exhibited a rare specimen of swine with two heads and six legs. Truax Green & Company, Chicago, ex- hibited the most complete and extensi\-e collection of abnormal and pathologic bones in America. Kny-Scherer of Xew York, and W . R. Grady of Chicago, furnished instruments, and the National Embalm- ing Company of Westport, Connecticut, furnished a complete embalm- ing apparatus for the "Model Dissecting Room." \^an Horn and Saw- tell, and Seabury and Johnson of Xew York, furnished respectively a complete line of catgut and surgical s]:)ecialties. The infiuence of our medical and dental schools extends from ocean to ocean. The following publishers of medical books exhibited ])ul)lications having direct bearing on anatomic and pathologic specimens : H. E. 181 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Colegrove, the Cleveland Press, the Chicago Medical Book Company, Chicago ; Leo Bros, and P. Blakiston's Son & Company, Philadelphia ; D. Appleton & Company, New York, Through the courtesy of the United States Fish Commission, the Illinois Fish Commission and Mr. Van Hook of the Fish, Forestry and Game Building, our exhibit came into possession of a rare collection of fish for dissection. Special attention was and is at present being given to dissection of the edible and game fish of the Illinois waters. The south balcony was shared with us by the following institu- tions : Washington University ; University of St. Louis, Health De- partment of St. Louis ; Creighton Medical College, Omaha ; and Mc- Gill University, Toronto, Canada. In our exhibit were found specimens illustrating the following branches of medical and dental science, which were available to those especially interested in these particular lines of investigation : Osteology 200 specimens Pelvic Dissections 24 specimens Head Dissections 46 specimens Nervous System 22 specimens Urinary Organs 14 specimens Respiratory Organs 17 specimens Liver and Stomach 16 specimens Generative and Urinary Organs. ... 10 specimens Unclassified Specimens 206 specimens Dental display 327 specimens 182 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition State Institutions Committee. -J. P. MAHONEY, Chairman; T. K. CONDIT, H. M. DUNLAP ILLINOIS INSTITUTION FOR THE EDUCATION OF THE BLIND Report of the Superintendent. — J. H. FREEMAN, Jacksonville This institution had an active exhibit, extending over a period of seven weeks, and an inactive or "dead" exhibit displayed throughoni the entire six months of the Exposition. In the active exhibit it was the aim to show by means of classes, not only how the blind are taught, but to give the public an opportunity to form a more intelligent and accurate opinion in regard to the ability of this class of pupils to become educated. During the month of June a class of boys illustrated the work done in our sloyd department, and class of girls exemplified the pro- cesses employed in sewing, crocheting, bead, raphia, and other kinds of industrial work. In the latter part of August and the first two weeks in September, another class was at the Fair. Besides illustrating the work done in our literary and musical departments, our printer, a blind man, was present to show our stereotype machine and to explain the manner in which it is used. During the week beginning October 17, the i8th of that month being "Helen Kellar Day," Emma Kubicek. our deaf-blind girl, with her teacher. Mrs. Jordan, was at the Fair. Thousands of visitors ob- served her work and expressed their appreciation as well as surprise at what had been accomplished in the education of this blind, deaf and dumb girl. In the "dead" exhibit we displayed hammocks, horse nets, brooms and brushes made in our shop department, and a piano constructed by our teacher of piano-tuning, a blind man, from parts furnished by a manufacturer. From our sloyd rooms we sent such articles as a spice- cabinet, taboret, a flower-pot stand, tool-rack, a checker board, hatchet handle, picture frame, glove box, pen tray, etc. From the girls' work- rooms we exhibited a fire-screen, pillow baskets, sewing bags, broom handles made from raphia, chains, napkin rings, cup and saucer, twine holder, broom holder, needle books, picture frames, e^c, made from beads ; and shawls, jackets, moccasins, slippers, etc., illustrating the work in crotcheting. We exhibited also specimens of button-hole making, quilt pieces, handkerchiefs, slippers, lace work, made by hand, 183 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the following made on the machine: dresses, skirts, night dresses, aprons, drawers, corest covers, etc. In a cabinet purchased for that purpose we exhil)ited twenty-four photographs showing our buildings, chapel, general dining room, sev- eral of the class rooms with the pupils engaged in their studies, groups of the pupils by classes or departments, the typewriting room with pupils and teacher at work, the printing room, and other imj^ortant features of the school. In the cabinet the work done in our literary department was also displayed, the classes from the kindergarten to the high school being represented. The work except what was done on the Remington typewriter was in the Braille notation, and em- liraced nearly all the studies pursued in our school. While the work in the Braille notation could not be understood by the general public. it was inspected bv instructors from other institutions for the blind and recei\'ed words of warm commendation. The interest evinced by the many \-isitors who congregated about the bt^oths in the Education Building where our pupils were at work, and who inspected the many articles which they had made with their hands, is evidence of the wisdom of the Illinois World's Fair Com- mission in providing the means of making such an exhibition of our processes and products. The institution for the education of the Ijlind was awarded a grand prize, also a gold medal, and Mr. Hugh A. Reynolds, a blind man and teacher of piano, was awarded a silver medal. 185 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition State Institutions CONTINUED ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF Report of Superintendent, C. P. GILLETT, Jacksonville The exhibit of the IlHnois School for the Deaf, at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition was installed in the Model School for the Deaf in the Education Building, and was presented as two exhibits at different times, the first in July and August, and afterward in September. The first exhibit, a class representing the industrial department of the in- stitution, was detailed to run a printing press, the use of which was accorded by courtesy of the Meihle Printing Press Company, of Chi- cago, 111. The instructor and boys who participated in this exhibit took much interest in the work, with creditable results. A quantity of illustrated pamphlets were struck off and given to visitors as sou- venirs. Industrial training is an important feature of this institution, and it would have been desirable to have had a display from the other departments of industry, of which there are several, had it been prac- ticable. The class w^as honored with a visit from the Governor and the Illinois World's Fair Commissioners at the time of their tour of inspection of the various exhibits of the State. This institution was the only one that made a successful exhibit in press work. In September an exhibit of an entirely different character was conducted, consisting of two classes of children from the primary grades of the literary department of the institution — a third year class the first half of the month, and a fifth grade the latter half. The tax upon the teachers and pupils being severe, the classes were detailed for but two weeks each. The results were highly satisfactory in the \ case of both classes. Visitors were constantly in attendance, the 1 crowds being so great at times that many could not satisfactorily ob- ! serve the work. There were those who made repeated visits, and much I interest was manifested. Many thoughtful inquiries were made about j the institution, the w'ork and results accomplished, etc., and it was evi- dent that a new field of labor was presented to the minds of many. The section of the building where the exhibit was installed was a rendez- vous for deaf people from all parts of the country. These two classes were from the oral department of the school, and this, the oral method of instruction, made a deep impression upon the visitors. But in con- versation out of school hours, the children lieing permitted to commun- icate with one another by means of the sign language, the attention and niterest of the spectators in their conversation was enlisted. 187 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition There were similar exhibits from institutions of other States, all of a highly creditable character. The work of the Illinois school was such as to bear most favorable comparison with others. It afforded opportunity to demonstrate to the public what the institution is ac- complishing'. Several hundred persons visit the institution in the course of a vear. but the work that was done at the Fair was brought to the attention of a great many who would never ha^•e occasion to visit the school at Jacksonville. Thus good was accomplished by the exhibit so far as the public was concerned, and the time, labor and money that was involved was well expended. The superintendent has received notice that a gold medal prize v;as awarded the school. 1^9 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Juvenile Court Exhibit REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT N. G. FRANKLIN, 625 W. Adams Street, Chicago The Juvenile Court law of Illinois was passed by the Legislature in 1899, and became operative July first, of the same year. Under the beneficent provisions of the law, good results are al- ready seen in the diminution of juvenile crime, the minimizing of tru- ancy, the improvement of homes, the gradual, though sure, uplifting of wayward children. Through the operations of the Juvenile Court, all child-saving or- ganizations have been crystallized and through united effort great im- ])rovement is shown. Co-operation in child saving is necessary, for upon this text : "It is wiser and less expensive tO' save children than to punish criminals," all must agree and all must have the same end in view. Students from European universities have made full and exhaus- tive studies of the Juvenile Court exhibit, and great interest was mani- fested in its workings, not only by citizens of Illinois, but from nearly all the great commonwealths of the Union. To the student of Sociology, the exhibit has afforded valuable data and to the casual observer it has been a source of profit. The law is so framed that all its benefits apply to the entire State. The purpose of the law is indicated in its title : "An act to regulate the treatment, and control of dependent, neglected and delinquent children." The purpose of the law is further defined in section 21, to- wit : "That the care, custody and discipline of a child shall approximate as nearly as may be that which should be given by its parents, and in all cases where it can be properly done, the child to be placed in an ap- proved home and become a member of the family by legal adoption or otherwise." The law applies to two classes of children : First. Dependent children, i, c, children under the age of six- teen years, who are "destitute, homeless, or dependent," — dependent upon the public for support, without proper parental care, residents in disreputable homes, having unfit homes, and children under ten years of age who are found begging, peddling or participating in public en- tertainments. Second. Delinquent children, /. r.. boys and g-irls under sixteen years of age who are criminal, incorrigible, associates of thieves or 190 Report of ihe Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition vicious persons, or who frequent houses of ill fame, or gambling- houses. Any reputable citizen of the county may petition in 1)elialf of a dependent or delinquent child. Tlie petition must be filed either with the circuit of county court of any county. In Chicago such petitions g-Q to the Juvenile Court. The law is expressly formed to avoid treating a child as a criminal, to this end the proceedings are divested of all the features which attach to a criminal proceeding. Instead of a "complaint" or "indictment," there is a "petition;" instead of a "warrant," there is a summons. The child is not "ar- rested," but is brought in by a parent or guardian, or by a probation officer. The law expressly forbids keeping a child under twelve years of age in any jail or lockup, but he is to be temporarily in a "Detention Home," or other suitable place outside of the jail. When a child is brought into court, the inquiry is with reference to the condition of the child. Is there a condition of dependency, or a condition of delin- quency? Instead of a prosecutor, there is a "probation officer" who is there not to convict the child, but to represent his interests. Instead of a jury of twelve men, there is a jury of six men, or no jury at all. The child is not "convicted," but is "found dependent," or "found delin- quent." The child is not "sentenced" to a reformatory or prison, but is committed to the care of a probation officer, or to the care of a friendly institution. The proceedings in court are informal. The strict rules of evidence are not adhered to. The effort is, first to find out what is the best thing to be done for a child ; and second, if possible, to do it. When a child under sixteen years of age violates the law, /. c, be- comes delinquent, or if it is dependent, it is taken to the Detention Home, where he is detained until such time as he may be taken to the Juvenile Court, when the court determines the condition of delinquency or dependency. I The Court, after hearing the evidence, then places the child in 'such institution as may best be suited for the case, or he may place him in a sui^-able home, or may turn him over to a probation officer, who looks after his interests. Under the instructions of the Court, the , child is ordered to report from time to time to a probation officer whose I duty it is to examine into the condition of the home, note environments 'and report to the Court full history of the case, or the Court mav com- imit such child, if a boy, to a training school for boys, or. if a girl, to an ^industrial school for girls, or the Court may commit any child to an institution within the county incorporated under the laws in this , State, that may care for delinquent children, or be provided by a city I or county suitable for the care of such children, or to the care of any 'State inshtution which may be established for the care of delinquent (boys, or, if a girl, over the age of ten (lo) years, to the State Home jtor Juvenile Female Offenders. In no case shall a child be committed ; beyond his or her minority. A child committeed to such an institution 191 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition shall be subject to the control of the Board of Managers thereof, and the Board of Managers shall have ])ower to parole such child on such conditions as it may prescribe, and the Court shall, on such recom- mendations of the Board, have power to discharge such child from custody whenever, in the judgment of the Court, his or her reformation is complete; or the Court may commit the child to the custody of some association that will receive it, embracing in its objects the care of neg- lected or dependent children. This report would not be complete without referring to those wise men and women who worked so long and faithfully to make it success- ful. To Judges Richard S. Tuthill, Harvey B. Hurd, Justice T. D. Hurley, who put in motion the machinery of the Juvenile Court, and to Mrs. Lucy M. Flower, Miss Julia C. Lathrop, Mrs. Joseph K. Bowen, and many others who assisted so materially in advancing the work, every citizen of Chicago should feel indebted. A gold medal was awarded the Juvenile Court exhibit. 192 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition GlRl^' ROOM State Training School for Girls REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OPHELIA L. AMIGH. Geneva In 1893 a law was passed by the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, providing- for a institution which shall be known as a State Home for Juvenile Female Offenders. This home was located at Geneva, Illinois, and buildings erected, which upon completion were open for the reception of girls between the ages of ten and sixteen years, who might be committed thereto by due process of law. The provisions for the law are as follows : Whenever any girl lietween the ages of ten and sixteen years is convicted, before any court lit record, of anv oft'ense, which if con.imitted by an adult, would be l>unishable by confinement in any house of correction or county jail. ^uch juvenile offender may be committed 1)y the order of such court to the State Home for Juvenile Female Offenders, for a time not less than one year nor beyond their minority. 193 13 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition LAUNDRY ROOM, STATE HOME FOR GIRLS Any girl committed under the provision of this act may, by the trustees of said home, be placed in the home of any good citizen upon such terms as may be agreed upon, or as a servant to follow any em- ployment which in the judgment of the trustees will be for her advant- age. In case such girl is mistreated or the terms agreed upon are not observed, then it is the duty of the trustees to take such girl again into the custody, care and protection of said home. The purpose of the exhibit, which was to represent the State Training School for Girls at the Exposition, was to show what young girls, who had not cultivated habits of usefulness, could do under care- ful training, also to give such encouragement as would make them proud to have their work inspected and criticised. The exhibit consisted of a variety of useful articles, eighty-two in number, such as children's clothing, handkerchiefs, crochet work, doilies, collars, and cuffs, etc., done so neatly as to give evidence of much careful training. It was our object to bring to the attention of the people of our own State the work of this institution, that by their encouragement and aid we might enlarge this work, and be placed in position to advance in the rig-ht direction. Most of these articles were made by girls who, when they entered the institution, could not hold a needle properly. To those who have been interested in the work of this institution, we wish to show that their labors have born fruits. 195 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Financial Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition FROM JULY 20. 1901 TO DECEMBER 31, 1904 State appropriation $250,000.00 Received from rebates* and sale of buildinu. furniture, exhibits, etc S-^'^7-7^ $255-867.76 Amount expended, vouchers numbered i to 1610 inclu- sive 239,563.41 Balance unexpended, including salvage 16,304.35 255,867.76 SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES Illinois Building, including improvements of grounds $ 88.582.06 Furniture and fixtures 11,437.81 ^laintenance of Illinois Building 18,721.09 Opening Day Ceremonies, including transportation of National ( aiards. April 30th, 1903 2,438.95 Dedication of Illinois Building, including transportation of Cadets, University of Illinois, May 27th, 1904 3,883.25 Illinois Days, September 21st and 22d, 1904. including expenses of National Guards 4,129.68 Secretary's Ofiice, salary, assistants, expenses, postage, etc 12,846.06. General expenses, including expenses members of Commission. . . . 13,548.79 Printing 853. 55T Press and Publicity 2,945.34 FOR EXHIBITS. — Expense of Installation and Maintenance Agriculture $ 19,716.12 Horticulture 12,690.30 Dairy 3.972-32 Live Stock 14,966.03 Fish 1,492.51 :\Iines and Mineral 6,305.62 Lincoln Memorial 1,483-98 L'niversity of Illinois 7,188.78 Public and Normal Schools 7-647-37 Physicians and Surgeons (Chicago) U. of 1 894.38 School for Deaf and Dumb (Jacksonville) 854.31 School for Blind (Jacksonville) 1,004.04 juvenile Court (Chicago) 1,806.67 Training School for Girls (Geneva) 1 54-40 $239,553.41 * Insurance rebate of S317.46 not yet collected is included. t This item does not include the expense of publisliingr this report, the contract for which is J741.50. The publication in detail of vouchers will be found in the published reports of the Auditor of State. 197 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition INDEX PAGE Agriculture Report 79 Agriculture Exhibit yi Agriculture Exhibit, list of prizes and awards 83 Building Stone Industries 154 Chicago Day 33 Corn Breeding Exhibit 85 Crop Yields in Soil Experiment 93 Corn Growers of Illinois 98 Coal Exhibits 147 Clay Exhibits 147 Coal Industries of Illinois 151 Clay Industries of Illinois 152, 154 Coal Deposits 153 Dedication of Illinois Building 31 Description of Building 43 Dairy Exhibit loi Education 17 Exhibits 29 Exhibits from Medical and Dental Colleges 177 Fertility in Illinois Surface Soil 92 Fluorspar Exhibit 149 Fluorspar Industry 154 Fish Exhibit 155 Horticultural Exhibit 139 Illinois Commission — Ofificers and Members 7 Illinois Commission — Standing Committees of 8 Illinois Commission — Exhibits and Superintendents 10 Illinois Commission arid its Work 27 Introduction 13 Illinois at the World's Fair 21 Illinois Days 33 Illinois School for the Deaf 187 Juvenile Court Exhibit 190 Letter of Transmittal 11 List of Meetings, Conventions and Receptions 57 List of Persons and Firms participating in Dairy Exhibit 104 List of Awards to Live Stock (Horses) 108 List of Awards to Live Stock (Cattle) n8 List of Awards to Live Stock ( Sheep) 123 List of Awards to Live Stock ( Swine) 125 List of Awards to Live Stock (Poultry) 130 List of the Exhibitors of Live Stock and amount paid each 135 List of Exhibitors and Awards Fruit Exhibit 141 Lincoln Memorial Exhibit ' 63 199 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition INDEX. - Concluded PAGE Live Stock Exhibit 107 Lead and Zinc Exhibit 149 Mines and Metallurgy Exhibit -145. 153 Other State Institutions 17 Paint Exhibits 150 Public and Xormal School Exhibits 159 Report of Budding' Committee 41 Repart of Committee on Grounds, exterior and interior Decoration of Building- and Furnishings 47 Report by Mrs. Ophelia Amigh, Superintendent School for Girls 193 Alfred Bayliss, Superintendent Public Instruction 159 Mrs. T. K. Condit. Secretary Hostesses 55 N. H. Cohen and S. P. Bartlett, Fish Commission 155 E. E. Chester, President Corn Growers Association 98 C. C. Craig, Chairman x\g-riculture Committee 71 H. M. Dunlap, President Illinois Commission 27 Dr. W. T. Eckley, Superintendent Physicians and Surgeons.. 177 J. H. Freeman. Superintendent Blind 183 N. G. Franklin, Superintendent Juvenile Court 190 C. P. Gillett, Superintendent Deaf 187 Geo. E. Hunt, Superintendent Dairy loi Prof. C. G. Hopkins, on Corn Breeding 85, 89 Walter H. Jackson, Superintendent Mines and Minerals 145 \V. B. Otwell, Superintendent Agriculture 79 Prof. S. W. Parr, on Mineral Exhibit 153 J. H. Pettit, on Soil Experiments 89 H. M. Rollins, Superintendent Live Stock 107 J. W. Stanton, Superintendent Horticulture 139 J. N. C. Shumway, Chairman Committee 47 C. N. Travous, Chairman Building- Committee 41 Prof. J. M. White, University of Illinois 167 Mrs. Jessie Palmer Weber. Lincoln Memorial 63 Selecting- a Building- Site 27 Sale of Building- and Furniture 39 State of Illinois 15 Soil Exhibit 89 Score Card for Corn 99 Stone Exhibit 148 Silica Exhibit 150 Stone Industry of Illinois 152 State Institution for the Blind 183 State Training- School for Girls 193 Table Showing- Oil Content of Corn 86 Table Showing Protein in Corn 87 Table of Corn Yields in Soil Experiments 94 University of Illinois 17 University of Illinois Exhibits 167 200 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Illinois Buildino- Frontispiece The Cascades Title Page Hon. David R. Francis 3 Hon. Richard Yates. Governor 9 Illinois Commissioners 12 < iovernor Yates at head of Illinois Troops 14 l<"ourth Illinois Infantry. Galesburg- Battery 16 Plaza and Monument 18 Grant's Cabin 20 Illinois Building- in process of erection 22 Illinois Building in process of erection 24 Illinois Building- in process of erection 26 Allotment of site of Illinois Building 28 Governor Yates and Illinois Commissioners Dedication Day 31 Group of Illinoisans, Dedication Day 32 Dedication Day Group 34 Mrs. ^'ates and Group of Illinois Ladies 36 Miss Mary E. Berkey, Matron t^j Julius Kespohl, Jr.. Superintendent t,"/ C. J. Doyle, Superintendent 37 Mayor Harrison and President Francis, Chicago Day T)^ ( iroup of Illinoisans, Illinois Day 40 Illinois Building from the Southeast 42 iMTurth Illinois Infantry 44 Reception Room, Illinois Building- 46 Rotunda, Illinois Building 48 Upper Gallery, Illinois Building 50 The Ladies Parlor, Illinois Building 51 Men's Reading Room, Illinois Building 52 Hostesses of Illinois Building 54 University of Ilhnois, Cadets 56 Governor Yates and Staff 58 Lincoln Memorial Exhibit 62, 64 Section of Agriculture Exhibit 72, 74, 76, 80 State Seal in (irain and (brasses y^ Section Experiment Station Exhibit 86 Wheat on Unglaciatcd Soil 90 Soil Exhibit 9 [ Wheat Croj) with Legume and Lime Treatment 94 201 Report of the Illinois Commission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition ILLUSTRATIONS.— Concluded PAGE Wheat Crop with Legume, Lime and Phosphate Treatment 95 Effect of Potassium on Pea Soils 96 Busts of Lincoln and Grant, in Butter 102 Illinois Butter Exhibit 103 j Exhibit of Prize Herds 106 Fruit Exhibit, Commercial Packages 140 Section of Fruit Exhibit 142 The Largest Block of Coal 144 Mines and Mineral Exhibit 146 Section of Fish Exhibit 156, 157 Section of Public and Normal School Exhibit 160, 164 Collection of Woods by Pupils of Country Schools 162 Library Building 167 University of Illinois Exhibit 168, 169 Buildings on University of Illinois Campus 172 Engineering Building 17I Medical School Building, Chicago 176 Physiological Laboratory 178 Pathological Laboratory 179 Physicians and Surgeons Exhibit 180 Institution for the Blind 184 Teaching the Blind Typewriting 186 Illinois School for the Deaf 188 Girls Room, State Training School 193 School Room, State Home for Girls 194 Laundry Room, State Home for Girls 195 202 T' •■ ■ >.■ -■- r ' r-. ^^: ^^yi'fr^' ^^ wK ■' ■ %^4 '<:^i>^ ■" ^j'^^'-v ■' ^, -' '-■ .,-i P>5- U ; ^ S.-^' ^ -j.'^ ff^.l ^*^ ■"■■'/, ■ ■ ■ '' , ^ i'-'^ ■>-<.• ► [ 'eOUNO^ UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 3 0112 031878876 mimui