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 ILLINOIS
 
 
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 — *S 1686 «*- 
 
 COMBINED HISTORY 
 
 () F 
 
 Schuyler and Brown 
 
 COUNTIES, ILL I NOIS. 
 
 WITH 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS DESCRIPTIVE OF THEIR- SCENERY, 
 
 anp 
 Biographical Sketches op some op their Prominent Men and Pioneers. 
 
 BY 
 
 "W". n.. BR.I1VXS. cfc CO., 
 
 PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 CORRESPONDING OFFICE, EDWARDSVILLE, ILL. 
 
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 \ \bTlc 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 ^> 
 
 «1 
 
 B^S^^^JB///? publishers desire to return 
 their sincere thanks to those who 
 have aided in making this work 
 thorough and complete. For the 
 incidents relative to the early settle- 
 ments of the two counties, we are 
 ifidebted to a few early pioneers, who have seen a 
 wild, frontier country develop into a wealthy and 
 populous community, and for other facts, we are un- 
 der obligations to a class of intelligent men, who, 
 amid the ordinary pursuits of life, have taken 
 pains to thoroughly inform themselves on the his- 
 tory and resources of their county. Among those 
 who have especially contributed to the completeness 
 of tlie history of Schuyler County, are, the 
 Chadseys, Judge Pinckney H. Walker, Hon John 
 C. Dagby, Joel Tullis, Mrs. Sarah Brown, Rev. 
 William Gain, William Anderson, William P. 
 Sapp, William T. Black, Charles Hatfield, Dr. 
 Hosea Davis, John S. Vance, George Little, 
 James G. McCreery, Thomas Wilson. Valu- 
 able letters were also received from Rev. Chauncey 
 Hobart, of Red Wing, Minn. , and Jonathan D. 
 Manlove, of Fort Scott, Kansas. 
 
 In the preparation of the history of Brown 
 County, we Jiave been materially assisted by Rob- 
 ert N. Curry, Dr. Saul Vandeventer, the Six fam- 
 ily, Eliliu Vandeventer, Elisha Adams, letters of 
 A. A. Glenn, Peter Rigg, Thomas B. Dehart, John 
 Teefey, Moses Black, John Harper, Judge Taylor, 
 T ' L. Vandeventer, John R. Briggs, Dr. Wm. 
 . V, Bower, William Lee and Luke W. Perry. 
 
 ^54551 
 
 The articles on Common Schools have been pre- 
 pared by gentlemen thoroughly acquainted with 
 their subject, whose names appear at the head of the 
 sketches in the body of the work. To the Clergy- 
 men of the different denominations and others 
 whose articles appear in the work, we are indebted 
 for much valuable information ; and to the County 
 Officials of both counties, we return our sincere 
 thanks for the many courtesies extended to us. The 
 Editors of the several newspapers have also ren- 
 dered assistance in that prompt and cheerful man- 
 ner so characteristic of the journalistic profession. 
 
 We have endeavored, with all diligence and care- 
 fulness, to make the best of the material at our com- 
 mand, but we <by no means claim to have produced 
 a work beyond criticism. It is almost an im- 
 possibility to publish a work free from errors 
 where the facts are gathered from a hundred 
 different sources, and depend largely, nut on exact 
 written records, but on the uncertain and conflict- 
 ing recollections of different individuals. We 
 have tried to preserve the incidents of pioneer 
 history, to accurately present the natural features 
 and material resourses of this portion of the state, 
 and to gather the facts likely to be of most interest 
 to our present readers, and of greatest importance 
 to coming generations. If our readers zaill take 
 into consideration the difficulties of the task, we 
 feel assured of a favorable verdict on our under- 
 taking. 
 
 The Publishers.
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 COUNTY HISTORY. 
 
 hap. Page. 
 
 I— Brief Sketch of the 
 
 North-West Territory, 
 
 Early explorations, 
 
 etc. etc 9 
 
 II — Brief historical Sketch 
 of Illinois, Physical 
 Features of the State, 
 Civil Organization, 
 Official Roster from 
 1809 to 1882, Popula- 
 tion, etc 25 
 
 III — Geography, Agricultu- 
 ral Resources, and 
 Railroad Facilities, 
 Names of townships, 
 Land Surfaces, ... 44 
 
 IV — Geology 47 
 
 V — Fauna, Schuyler and 
 Brown Counties. . . 53 
 
 VI — Flora, Schuyler and 
 
 Brown Counties ... 55 
 VII — Pioneers and Early Set- 
 tlers, Incidents and An- 
 ecdotes, Deep snow, 
 Habits and modes of 
 Living of the first set- 
 tlers 56 
 
 VIII— Civil History, Public 
 Buildings, County Gov- 
 ernment, early roads, 
 Mill seats, Revolution- 
 ary Pensioners, etc. 78 
 
 PAGE 
 
 IX— Bench and Bar ... 144 
 
 X— The Press 153 
 
 XI — Patriotism of Schuyler 
 
 and Brown Counties . 158 
 
 XII — Common Schools . . 194 
 
 XIII — Ecclesiastical History . 203 
 
 BIOGRAPHIES. 
 
 Baker, N. W 288 
 
 Barnes, R. M, M. D 293 
 
 Baxter, WiH. W., M. D. . . . 259 
 
 Black, Moses 264 
 
 Black, Win. T 333 
 
 Bogue, Mark 241 
 
 Bowe, Thomas 324 
 
 Bowe, John H 325 
 
 Bowman, Hiram, M. D. . . . 342 
 
 Bratten, Robert T 347 
 
 Brockman, E. C 260 
 
 Brown, Hon. Robert .... 333 
 
 Brown, J 372 
 
 Campbell, Alexander .... 279 
 
 Clark, W. A 278 
 
 Clark, Elias 327 
 
 Cox, James A 327 
 
 Cox, Stephen D . . 328 
 
 Crane, Elias F 256 
 
 Curry, George W 257 
 
 Curry, Robert N. . •. . . . .255 
 
 Darnell, Jesse 283 
 
 Darnell, John M -284 
 
 Davis, Henry K 264 
 
 Dehart, Thomas B 349 
 
 Dyson, Edwin 242 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Ferguson, John 350 
 
 Flattery, John A 307 
 
 Frank, E. S 362 
 
 Garrison George 317 
 
 Givins, John A 266 
 
 Glass, John B 263 
 
 Glaze, Wm. W 304 
 
 Gristy, Benjamin D 372 
 
 Hambaugh, Stephen D. dee'd. 304 
 
 Hammond, Jacob 240 
 
 Harper, John 266 
 
 Henry, George N 262 
 
 Henry, H. E 329 
 
 Hershman, Jacob 263 
 
 Hershman, George 265 
 
 Hinman, Gideon, dee'd. . . . 326 
 Horney, Col. Leonidas . . . 315 
 
 Howell, Ira 328 
 
 Howes, Philip A 259 
 
 Keith, Charles W 312 
 
 Kerley, King 361 
 
 Jones, Thomas 258 
 
 Lee, William 358 
 
 Long, J. M 372 
 
 Lowry, Alex K 261 
 
 Lucas, D. R. . . M. D. ... 359 
 
 Martin, Adam E 341 
 
 McDannold, T. 1 373 
 
 McPhail, Angus M 362 
 
 McPhail, Cape. E. P. (Dee'd.) . 276 
 
 McCreery, James G 243 
 
 Means, George W 261 
 
 Mehl, Andrew 288 
 
 Mills, Franklin, Sr 288 
 
 Moore, John W. 361 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Nell, Augustus 243 
 
 Nokes, Capt. S. D 360 
 
 Orr Frank 260 
 
 Parks, Absalom, dee'd. . . . 326 
 Rader, Wm. H. H. . . . . .243 
 
 Rash, David J 280 
 
 Ratcliff, A. B 371 
 
 Ravenscroft, A. D. dee'd . . . 305 
 Ray, Wm. H. . . . ■ . . . .239 
 
 Razey, Rufus G 349 
 
 Reger, .Casper ....... 326 
 
 Rigg, Abner C 278 
 
 Rigg, Wm. T 277 
 
 Ritter, H. D 287 
 
 Roberts, John 275 
 
 Root, Stephen C 303 
 
 Root, Thomas E. . . . . . .306 
 
 Rottger, Fred W 266 
 
 Seckman, J. W 323 
 
 Six, Daniel 265 
 
 Six, Alex D 307 
 
 Shineharger, G 348 
 
 Snyder, Jacob H 325 
 
 Speed, Dr. J. N. ." 240 
 
 Stout, Francis M 328 
 
 Taylor, John J 303 
 
 Tebo, George H., M. D. . . . 260 
 
 Teefey, John J 259 
 
 Vandeventer, E 301 
 
 Vandeventer, Saul, M. D. . . 302 
 
 Watson, D K 370 
 
 Weigand Adam 280 
 
 Webb, Allen 361 
 
 Williams, G. W 349 
 
 Zimmerman, G 289
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 TOWNSHIP HISTORIES 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Bainbridge 267 
 
 Birmingham 373 
 
 Brooklyn 351 
 
 Browning 308 
 
 Buckhorn 345 
 
 Buena Vista 334 
 
 Camden 342 
 
 Cooporstown 318 
 
 Elkhorn , ... 285 
 
 Frederick 281 
 
 Hickory 269 
 
 Hnntsville 363 
 
 Leo • 354 
 
 Littleton 311 
 
 Missouri 271 
 
 Mount Sterling .* 245 
 
 Oakland 289 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Pea Ridgo 366 
 
 Ripley 337 
 
 Rushville 231 
 
 Versailles 294 
 
 Woodstock • 330 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Brown, Co Buildings, . facing 118 
 
 Bowe, J. H " 324 
 
 County Map facing 9 
 
 Clark, Elias "328 
 
 Frank, Ed. S " 362 
 
 Garrison, Geo. . bet. 316 4 317 
 Kirkham, George H. . facing 314 
 
 Potts, John "362 
 
 Ravenscroft, A. D. . . " 306 
 Reger, Casper " 314 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Ritter, H. D facing 362 
 
 Schuyler, Co. Buildings, " 82 
 
 Snyder, J. H " 326 
 
 Taylor, John J . . . " 304 
 Teal, James A. . . bet. 244 & 245 
 Vandeventer, E. . . . facing 306 
 
 PORTRAITS. 
 
 Bogue, Mark 241 
 
 Barnes, R. M. M.D 293 
 
 Curry, Robert N 255 
 
 Dyson, Edward 242 
 
 Darnell, Jesse 283 
 
 Darnell, John M 284 
 
 Garrison, George 317 
 
 Garrison, Mrs. Sarah .... 317 
 Homey, Col. Leonidas .... 315 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Henry, George N 262 
 
 Lee, William 358 
 
 Nokes, Capt. S. D 360 
 
 Ray, Wm. H 239 
 
 Roberts, John 275 
 
 Rigg, William T 277 
 
 Ravenscroft, A. D., dec'd . . . 305 
 
 Vanderventer, C 301 
 
 Vanderventer, E 301 
 
 Wateon, D. K 370 
 
 Partial List of Patrons . . . 377 
 Constitution of Illinois .... 395 
 Declaration of Independence . 413 
 Constitution of the United 
 
 States 414 
 
 Amendments to the Constitu- 
 tion of the United States . 417
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 is but the life and career of 
 people and nations ; and the historian, 
 in rescuing from oblivion the life of a 
 nation or a particular people, should' 
 " nothing extenuate, nor set down aught 
 in malice ; " myths, however beautiful, 
 are at their best but fanciful ; traditions, 
 however pleasing, are uncertain ; and 
 legends, though the very essense of poesy, are unauthentic. 
 The novelist will take the most fragile thread of vivid 
 imagination, and from it weave a fabric of surpassing beauty. 
 But the historian should place his feet upon the solid basis 
 of fact, and, turning a deaf ear to the allurements of fancy, 
 sift with careful and painstaking scrutiny, the evidence 
 brought before him, and upon which he is to give the 
 record of what has been. Standing, as he docs, down the 
 stream of time, far removed from its source, he must retrace, 
 with patience and care, its meanderings, guided by the 
 relics of the past which lie upon its shores, growing fainter 
 and still more faint and uncertain as he nears its fountain, 
 ofttimes concealed in the debris of ages, and in mists and 
 darkness impenetrable. Written records grow less and less 
 explicit, and finally fail altogether, as he approaches the 
 beginning of the community, whose life he is seeking to 
 rescue from the gloom of a rapidly receeding past. 
 
 Memory, wonderful as are it3 powers, is yet frequently 
 at fault ; and only by a comparison of its many aggrega- 
 tions, can he be satisfied that he is pursuing stable-footed 
 truth in his researches amid the early paths of his subject. 
 It cannot, then, be unimportant or uninteresting to 
 trace the progress of Schuyler and Brown's gratifying de- 
 velopment, from their crude beginnings to their present 
 proud position among their sister counties. And therefore we 
 were to gather the scattered and loosening threads of the 
 past into a compact web of the present, ere they become 
 hopelessly broken and lost, and with a trust that the har- 
 mony of our work may speak with no uncertain sound to 
 the future. Records will be traced as far as they may yield 
 the information sought ; the memories of the pioneers will 
 be laid under tribute ; the manuscripts of the provident will 
 
 give their contributions, and all sources will be called into 
 
 requisition to furnish material, reliable and certain, to bring 
 forth a truthful history of these counties. • 
 
 Individual success is a proof of triumphant energy, and 
 pledges a like career to corresponding enterprises ; therefore, 
 biographies of earnest, successful, representative lives, inti- 
 mately connected with the development of these counties, 
 will illustrate what energy, determination, and indomitable 
 will have hitherto accomplished, and can yet accomplish. 
 To foster local ties, to furnish examples of heroism, to 
 exhibit the results of well-applied industry, and to mark 
 the progress of the community, literature, art, and topogra- 
 phy (an attractive trio) are freely employed to embellish 
 and render invaluable a practical and interesting work. 
 
 In prosecuting our enterprise, we shall essay, first, some- 
 thing of the history of the north-west territory, and of the 
 state of Illinois in its early settlement, with a brief sketch 
 of the title to the fee of the millions of acres of prolific 
 soil within its splendid domain. Then will follow in their 
 regular order, an account of Schuyler and Brown counties 
 up to, and including, the present ; showing their develop- 
 ment in agriculture, trade, manufactures, political influence, 
 population and wealth ; not forgetting to do honor to the 
 brave men, of all political faiths, who rallied to the common 
 defense of the country when armed treason raised its bloody 
 hand against the national life, and who bore the banner of 
 the " Prairie State " through the carnage of many hard- 
 fought fields, onward to ultimate triumph. 
 
 Brief histories of the several townships and villages com- 
 posing the respective counties will follow, wherein will appear 
 the names of the early settlers, and the more important 
 events, interspersed with incidents, humorous and sad, which 
 invariably attach to border life, but which, however graphi- 
 cally they may be told, cannot give to us of the present 
 day, who have come to our pleasant places through the toils 
 and privations of the pioneers, any realizing sense of the 
 rugged, thorny path those heroes and heroines patiently 
 and hopefully trod for many long weary years. 
 
 Now, kind reader, we leave ourselves in your hands. 
 Read our work carefully, judge it charitably, and pronounce 
 not against it, until time shall afford an opportunity of test- 
 ing its merits.
 
 HISTORY 
 
 OF 
 
 SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 A BRIEF SKETCn OF THE XORTII-WEST TERRITORY. 
 
 GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION. 
 
 N 1784 the North Western Territory was 
 ceded to the United States by Virginia. 
 It embraced only the territory lying be- 
 tween the Ohio and Mississippi rivers; 
 and north, to the northern limits of the 
 United States. It coincided with the area 
 now embraced in the states of Wisconsin, 
 Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, and 
 that portion of Minnesota- lying on the 
 east side of the Mississippi river. On the first day of March, 
 1784, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Hardy, Arthur Lee, and 
 James Monroe, delegates in Congress on the part of Vir- 
 ginia, executed a deed of cession, by which they transferred 
 to the United States, on certain conditions, all right, title 
 and claim of Virginia to the country known as the North- 
 western Territory. But by the purchase of Louisiana in 
 1803, the western boundary of the United States was ex- 
 tended to the Rocky Mountains and the Northern Pacific 
 Ocean. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles, 
 being greater than the united areas of the Middle and 
 Southern states, including Texas. Out of this magnificent 
 territory have been erected eleven sovereign states and eight 
 territories, with an aggregate population at the present time 
 of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one-third of the entire 
 population of the United States. 
 
 Its rivers are the largest on the continent, flowing thous- 
 ands of miles through its rich alluvial valleys and broad, 
 fertile prairies. 
 
 Its lakes are fresh-water seas, upon whose bosom floats 
 the commerce of many states. Its far-stretching prairies 
 have more acres that are arable and productive than any 
 other area of like extent on the globe. 
 
 For the last quarter of a century the increase of popula- 
 
 tion and wealth in the north-west has been about as three to 
 one in any other portion of the United States. 
 
 EARLY EXPLORATIONS. 
 
 In the year 1512, on Easter Sunday, the Spanish name 
 for which is Pascua Florida,* Juan Ponce de Leon, an old 
 comrade of Columbus, discovered the coast of the American 
 continent, near St. Augustine, and in honor of the day and 
 of the blossoms which covered the trees along the shore, 
 named the new-found country Florida. Juan had been led 
 to undertake the discovery of strange lands partly by the 
 hope of finding endless stores of gold, and partly by the 
 wish to reach a fountain that was said to exist deep within 
 the forests of North America, which possessed the power of 
 renovating the life of those who drank of or bathed in its 
 waters. He was made governor of the region he had visited 
 but circumstances prevented his return thither until 1521 ; 
 and then he went only to meet death at the hands of the 
 Indians. 
 
 In the meantime, in 1516, a Spanish sea-captain, Diego 
 Miruelo, had visited the coast first reached by Ponce de 
 Leon, and in his barters with the natives had received con- 
 siderable quantities of gold, with which he returned home 
 and spread abroad new stories of the wealth hidden in the 
 interior. 
 
 Ten years, however, passed before Pamphilo de Narvaez 
 undertook to proseoute the examination of the lands north 
 of the Gulf of Mexico. Narvaez was excited to action by 
 the late astonishing success of the conqueror of Montezuma, 
 but he found the gold for which he sought constantly flying 
 before him ; each tribe of Indians referred him to those 
 living farther in the interior. And from tribe to tribe he 
 and his companions wandered. They suflered untold priva- 
 tions in the swamps and forests ; and out of three hundred 
 followers only four or five at length reached Mexico. And 
 still these disappointed wanderers persisted in their original 
 fancy, that Florida was as wealthy as Mexico or Peru. 
 
 •Pascum, the old English "Push" or Passover; "Pascua Florida" 
 is the "Holyday of Flowers."
 
 10 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Among those who had faith in that report was Ferdinand 
 de Soto, who had been with Pizarro in the conquests of Peru. 
 He asked and obtained leave of the King of Spain to con- 
 quer Florida at his own cost It was given in the year 1538. 
 With a brilliant and noble band of followers he left Europe 
 and in May, 1538, after a stay in Cuba, anchored his vessels 
 near the coast of the Peninsula of Florida, in the bay of 
 Spiritu- Santa, or Tampa bay. 
 
 De Soto entered upon his march into the interior with a 
 determination to succeed. From June till November of 
 
 1539, the Spaniards toiled along until they reached the 
 neighborhood of Appalachee bay. During the next season, 
 
 1540, they followed the course suggested by the Florida 
 Indians, who wished them out of their country, and going 
 to the north-east, crossed the rivers and climbed the moun- 
 tains of Georgia. De Soto was a stern, severe man, and 
 none dared to murmur. De Soto passed the winter with his 
 little baud near the Yazoo. In April, 1541, the resolute 
 Spaniard set forward, and upon the first of May reached 
 the banks of the great river of the West, not far from the 
 35th parallel of latitude,* 
 
 A month was spent in preparing barges to convey the 
 horses, many of which still lived, across the rapid stream. 
 Having successfully passed it, the explorers pursued their 
 way northward, into the neighborhood of New Madrid ; 
 then turning westward again, marched more than two hun- 
 dred miles from the Mississippi to the highlands of White 
 river; and still no gold, no gems, no cities — only bare prai- 
 ries, and tangled forests, and deep morasses To the south 
 again they toiled on, and passed their third winter of wander- 
 ing upon the Washita. In the following spring (1542), De 
 Soto, weary with hope long deferred, descended the Washita 
 to its junction with the Mississippi. He heard, when he 
 reached the mighty stream of the west, that its lower portion 
 flowed through endless and uninhabitable swamps. 
 
 The news sank deep into the stout heart of the disap- 
 pointed warrior. His health yielded to the contests of his 
 mind and the influence of the climate. He appointed a 
 successor, and on the 21st of May died. His body was sunk 
 in the stream of the Mississippi. Deprived of their ener- 
 getic leader, the Spaniards determined to try to reach Mexico 
 by land. After some time spent in wandering through the 
 forests, despairing of success in the attempt to rescue them- 
 selves by land, they proceeded to prepare such vessels as 
 they could to take them to sea. From January to July 
 1543, the weak, sickly band of gold-seekers labored at the 
 doleful task, and in July reached, in the vessels thus built, 
 the Gulf of Mexico, and by September entered the river 
 Paunco. Oae-half of the six hundred f who had disem- 
 barked with De Soto, so gay in steel and silk, left their bones 
 among the mountains and in the morasses of the South, from 
 Georgia to Arkansas. 
 
 De Soto founded no settlements, produced no results, and 
 left no traces, unless it were that he awakened the hostility 
 of the red man against the white man, and disheartened 
 
 • De Soto probably was at the lower Chickasaw bluffs. The Spaniards 
 callod the Mississippi Rio Grande, Great River, which is the literal 
 meaning of the aboriginal name. 
 
 t De Biedna says there landed 620 men. 
 
 H 
 
 such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery for 
 better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready 
 to seize upon any news from this extensive domain, and 
 were the first to profit by De Soto's defeat As it was, for 
 more than a century after the expedition, the west remained 
 utterly unknown to the whites. 
 
 The French were the first Europeans to make settlements 
 on the St. Lawrence river and along the great lakes. Quebec 
 was founded by Sir Samuel Champlain in 1608,* and in 1609 
 when Sir Henry Hudson was exploring the noble river 
 which bears his name, Champlain ascended the Sorrelle 
 river, and discovered, embosomed between the Green moun- 
 tains, or " Verdmont," as the chivalrous and poetic French- 
 man called them, and the Adirondacks, the beautiful sheet 
 of water to which his name is indissolubly attached. In 
 1613 he founded Montreal. 
 
 During the period elapsing between the years 1607 and 
 1664, the English, Dutch, and Swedes alternately held pos- 
 session of portions of the Atlantic coast, jealously watching 
 one another, and often involved in bitter controversy, and 
 not seldom in open battle, until, in the latter year, the 
 English became the sole rulers, and maintained their rights 
 until the era of the Revolution, when they in turn were 
 compelled to yield to the growing power of their colonies, 
 and retire from the field. 
 
 The French movements, from the first settlement at 
 Quebec, and thence westward, were led by the Catholic 
 missionaries. Le Caron, a Franciscan friar, who had been 
 the companion and friend of Champlain, was the first to 
 penetrate the western wilds, which he did in 1616* in a 
 birch canoe, exploring lake Huron and its tributaries. 
 This was four years before the Pilgrims 
 
 " Moored their bark on the wild New England shore." 
 
 Under the patronage of Louis XIII, the Jesuits took the 
 advance, and began vigorously the work of Christianizing 
 the savages in 1632. 
 
 In 1634, three Jesuit missionaries, Brebeuf, Daniel, and 
 Lallemand, planted a mission on the shores of the lake of 
 the Iroquois, (probably the modern Lake Simcoe), and also 
 established others along the eastern border of Lake Huron. 
 
 From a map published in 1660, it would appear that the 
 French had at that date, become quite familiar with the 
 region from Niagara to the head of Lake Superior, includ- 
 ing considerable portions of Lake Michigan. 
 
 In 1641, Fathers Jogues and Raymbault embarked on 
 the Penetanguishine Bay for the Sault St. Marie, where 
 they arrived after a passage of seventeen days. A crowd 
 of two thousand natives met them, and a great council was 
 held. At this meeting the French first heard of many 
 nations dwelling beyond the great lakes. 
 
 Father Raymbault died in the wilderness in 1642, while 
 enthusiastically pursuing his discoveries. The same year, 
 Jogues and Bressani were captured by the Indians and 
 tortured, and in 1648 the mission which had been founded 
 at St Joseph was taken and destroyed, and Father Daniel 
 slain. In 1649, the missions St Louis and St Ignatius 
 
 • Western Aunals.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 11 
 
 •were also destroyed, and Fathers Brebeuf and Lallemand 
 barbarously tortured by the same terrible and unrelenting 
 enemy. Literally did those zealous missionaries of the 
 Romish Church "take their lives in their hands," and lay 
 them a willing sacrifice on the altar of their faith. 
 
 •It is stated by some writer that, in 1654, two fur traders 
 accompanied a band of Ottawas on a journey of five hun- 
 dred leagues to the west. They were absent two years, and 
 on their return brought with them fifty canoes and two 
 hundred and fifty Indians to the French trading posts. 
 
 They related wonderful tales of the countries they had 
 seen, and the various red nations they had visited, and 
 described the lofty mountains and mighty rivers in glowing 
 terms. A new impulse was given to the spirit of adventure, 
 and scouts and traders swarmed the frontiers and explored 
 the great lakes and adjacent country, and a party wintered 
 in 1659-GO on the south shore of Lake Superior. 
 
 In 1660 Father Mesnard was sent out by the Bishop of 
 Quebec, and visited Lake Superior in October of that year. 
 While crossing the Keeweenaw Point he was lost in the wilder- 
 ness and never afterwards heard from, though his cassock 
 and breviary were found long afterwards among the Sioux. 
 
 A change was made in the government of New France in 
 1663. The Company of the Hundred Associates, who had 
 ruled it since 1632, resigned its charter. Tracy was made 
 Viceroy, Courcclles Governor, and Talon Intendent.* Thi3 
 was called the Government of the West Indies. 
 
 The Jesuit missions were taken under the care of the new 
 govenment, and thenceforward became the leaders in the 
 movement to Christianize the savages. 
 
 In the same year (1665) Pierre Claude Alloiiez was sent 
 out by way of the Ottawa river to the far west, via the Sault 
 St Mario and the south shore of Lake Superior, where he 
 landed at the bay of Chegoimegon. Here he found the 
 chief village of the Chippewas, and established a mission. 
 He also made an alliance with them and the Sacs, Foxes and 
 Illinois,^ against the formidable Iroquois. Alloiiez, the next 
 year (1666) visited the western end of the great lake, where 
 he met the Sioux, and from them first learned of the Missis- 
 sippi river which they called "Mcssipi." From thence he 
 returned to Quebec. 
 
 In 1668 Claude Dablon and Jacques Marquette estab- 
 lished the mission at the Sault called St. Marie, and during 
 the next five years Alloiiez, Dablon and Marquette explored 
 the region of Lake Superior on the south shore, and ex- 
 tending to Lake Michigan. They also established the mis- 
 sions of Chegoimegon, St. Marie, Mackinaw and Green Bay. 
 
 The plan of exploring the Mississippi probably originated 
 with Marquette. It was at once sanctioned by the Inten- 
 dent, Talon, who was ambitious to extend the dominion of 
 France over the whole West. 
 
 In 1670 Nicholas Perot was sent to the West to propose a 
 congress of all the nations and tribes living in the vicinity 
 of the lakes ; and, in 1671, a great council was held at Sault 
 St. Marie, at which the Cross was set up, and the nations of 
 
 •The duties of Intendent included a supervision of the policy, justice, 
 and finance of the province. 
 
 f The meaning of this word h said to be " Men." 
 
 the great North-west were taken into an alliance, with much 
 pomp and ceremony. 
 
 On the 13th of May, 1673, Marquette, Joliet, and five 
 voyageurs, embarked in two birch canoes at Mackinaw and 
 entered Lake Michigan. The first nation they visited was 
 the " Folles-Avoines," or nation of Wild Oats, since known 
 as the Menomonies, living around the " Baie des Puans," or 
 Green Bay. These people, with whom Marquette was some- 
 what acquainted, endeavored to persuade the adventurers 
 from visiting the Mississippi. They represented the Indians 
 on the great river as being blood-thirsly and savage in the 
 extreme, and the river itself as being inhabited by monsters 
 which would devour them and their canoes together.* 
 
 Marquette thanked them for their advice, but declined to 
 be guided by it. Passing through Green Bay, they ascended 
 the Fox River, dragging their canoes over the strong rapids 
 and visited the village, where they found living in harmony 
 together tribes of the Miamis, Mascoutens f and Kikabeaux 
 or Kichapoos. Leaving this point on the 10th of June, they 
 made the portage to the " Ouisconsin," and descended that 
 stream to the Mississippi, which they entered on the 17th 
 with a joy, as Marquette says, which he could not express."! 
 
 Sailing down the Mississippi, the party reached the Des 
 Moines River, and, according to some, visited an Indian 
 village 6ome two leagues up the stream. Here the people 
 again tried to persuade them from prosecuting their voyage 
 down the river. After a great feast and a dance, and a 
 night passed with this hospitable people, they proceeded on 
 their way, escorted by six hundred persons to their canoes. 
 These people called themselves Illinois, or Mini. The name 
 of their tribe was Peruaca, and their language a dialect of 
 the Algonquin. 
 
 Leaving these savages, they proceeded down the river. 
 Passing the wonderful rocks, which still excite the admira- 
 tion of the traveller, they arrived at the mouth of another 
 great river, the Pelcilawmi, or Missouri of the present day. 
 They noticed the condition of its waters, which they described 
 as " muddy, rushing and noisy." 
 
 Passing a great rock, § they came to the Ouabouskigon, or 
 Ohio. Marquette shows this river very small, even as com- 
 pared with the Illinois. From the Ohio they passed as far 
 down as the Alcamsca, or Arkansas, where they came very 
 near being destroyed by the natives; but they finally paci- 
 fied them, and, on the 17th of July, they commenced their 
 return voyage. 
 
 The party reached Green Bay in September without loss 
 or injury, and reported their discoveries, which were among 
 the most important of that age. Marquette afterwards 
 returned to Illinois, and preached to the natives until 1675. 
 
 On the 18th of May of that year, while cruising up the 
 eastern coast of Lake Michigan with a party of boatmen, 
 he landed at the mouth of a stream putting into the lake 
 from the east, since known as the river Marquette. He 
 performed mass, and went a little apart to pray, and being 
 
 •See legend of the great bird, the terrible " Piasa," that devoured men 
 and was only overcome by the sacrifice of a brave young chief. The 
 rocks above Alton, Illinois, have some rude representations of this 
 monster. 
 
 f Prairie Indians. J Marquette's journal. J The grand tDwer.
 
 12 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 gone longer than his companions deemed necessary, they 
 ■went in search of him, and found him dead where he had 
 knelt. They buried him in the sand. 
 
 "While this distinguished adventurer was pursuing his 
 labors, two other men were preparing to follow in his foot- 
 step, and make still further explorations, and, if possible, 
 more important discoveries. These were the Chevalier 
 Robert de la Salle and Louis Hennepin. 
 
 La Salle was a native of Rouen, in Normandy. He was 
 educated at a seminary of the Jesuits, and designed for the 
 ministry, but, for reasons unknown, he left the seminary and 
 came to Canada, in 1667, where he engaged in the fur trade. 
 
 Like nearly every intelligent man, he became intensely 
 interested in the new discoveries of the West, and conceived 
 the idea of exploring the passage to the great South Sea, 
 which by many was believed to exist. He made known his 
 ideas to the Governor-General, Count Frontenac, and de- 
 sired his co-operation. The Governor at once fell in with 
 his views, which were strengthened by the reports brought 
 back by Marquette and Joliet, and advised La Salle to 
 apply to the King of France in person, and gave him letters 
 of introduction to the great Colbert, then Minister of 
 Finance and Marine. Accordingly, in 1675, he returned 
 to France, where he was warmly received by the King and 
 nobility, and his ideas were at once listened to, and every 
 possible favor shown to him. 
 
 He was made a Chevalier, and invested with the seigniory 
 of Fort Catarocouy, or Frontenac (now known as Kingston) 
 upon condition that he would rebuild it, as he proposed, of 
 stone. 
 
 Returning to Canada, he wrought diligently upon the fort 
 until 1677, when he again visited France to report progress. 
 He was received, as before, with favor, and, at the instance 
 of Colbert and his son, the King granted him new letters 
 patent and new privileges. On the 14th of July, 1678, he 
 sailed from Rochelle, accompanied by thirty men, and with 
 Tonti, an Italian, for his lieutenant. They arrived at 
 Quebec on the 13th of September, and after a few days' 
 delay, proceeded to Frontenac. Father Lewis Hennepin, a 
 Franciscan friar, of the Recollet sect, was quietly working 
 in Canada on La Salle's arrival. He was a man of great 
 ambition, and much interested in the discoveries of the day. 
 He was appointed by his religious superiors to accompany 
 the expedition fitting out for La Salle. 
 
 Sending agents forward to prepare the Indians for his 
 coming, and to open trade with them, La Salle himself em- 
 barked, on the 18th of November, in a little brigantine of 
 ten tons, to cross Lake Ontario. This was the first ship of 
 European build that ever sailed upon this fresh-water sea. 
 Contrary winds made the voyage long and troublesome, and 
 a month was consumed in beating up the lake to the Niagara 
 River. Near the mouth of this river the Iroquois had a 
 village, and here La Salle constructed the first fortification, 
 which afterwards grew into the famous Fort Niagara. On 
 the 26th of January, 1679, the keel of the first vessel built 
 on Lake Erie was laid at the mouth of the Cayuga Creek, 
 on the American side, about six miles above the falls. 
 " In the meantime La Salle had returned to Fort Frontenac 
 
 12 
 
 to forward supplies for his forthcoming vessel. The little 
 barque on Lake Ontario was wrecked by carelessness, and a 
 large amount of the supplies she carried was lost. On the 
 7th of August, the new vessel was launched, and made ready 
 to sail. She was about seven tons' burden. 
 
 La Salle christened his vessel the " Griffin," in honor of 
 the arms of Count Frontenac. Passing across Lake Erie, 
 and into the small lake, which they named St. Clair, they 
 entered the broad waters of Lake Huron. Here they en- 
 countered heavy storms, as dreadful as those upon the ocean 
 and after a most tempestuous passage they took refuge in 
 the roadstead of Michillimackinac (Mackinaw), on the 27th 
 of August La Salle remained at this point until the middle 
 of September, busy in founding a fort and constructing a 
 trading-house, when he went forward upon the deep waters 
 of Lake Michigan, and soon after cast anchor in Green Bay. 
 Finding here a large quantity of furs and peltries, he deter- 
 mined to load his vessel and send her back to Niagara. On 
 the 18th of September, she was sent under charge of a pilot 
 while La Salle himself, with fourteen men,* proceeded up 
 Lake Michigan, leisurely examining its shores and noting 
 everything of interest. Tonti, who had been sent to look 
 after stragglers, was to join him at the head of the lake. 
 From the 19ih of September to the 1st of November, the 
 time was occupied in the voyage up this inland sea. On the 
 last-named day, La Salle arrived at the mouth of the river 
 Miamis, now St. Joseph. Here he constructed a fort, and 
 remained nearly a month waiting for tidings of his vessel ; 
 but, hearing nothing, he determined to push on before the 
 winter should prevent him. On the 3d of December, leaving 
 ten men to garrison the fort, he started overland towards the 
 head-waters of the Illinois, accompanied by three monks 
 and twenty men. Ascending the St. Joseph River, he 
 crossed a short portage and reached the The-a-ki-ki, since 
 corrupted into Kankakee. Embarking on this sluggish 
 stream, they came shortly to the Illinois, and soon after 
 found a village of the Illinois Indians, probably in the 
 vicinity of the rocky bluffs, a few miles above the present 
 city of La Salle, Illinois. They found it deserted, but the 
 Indians had quite a quantity of maize stored here, and La 
 Salle, being short of provisions, helped himself to what he 
 required. Passing down the stream, the party, on the 4th of 
 January, came to a lake, probably the Lake Peoria, as there 
 is no other upon this stream. Here they found a great 
 number of natives, who were gentle and kind, and La Salle 
 determined to construct a fort. It stood on a rise of ground 
 near the river, and was named Creve- Coeur f (broken-heart;, 
 most probably on account of the low spirits of the com- 
 mander, from anxiety for his vessel and the uncertainty of 
 the future. Possibly he had heard of the loss of the " Griffin," 
 which occurred on her downward trip from Green Bay ; 
 most probably on Lake Huron. He remained at the Lake 
 Peoria through the winter, but no good tidings came, and 
 no supplies. His men were discontented, but the brave 
 adventurer never gave up hope. He resolved to send a 
 party on a voyage of exploration up the Mississippi, under 
 
 * Annals of the Wot 
 t The site of the work is at present unknown.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 13 
 
 the lead of Father Hennepin, and he himself would proceed 
 on foot to Niagara and Frontenac, to raise more means and 
 enlist new men ; while Tonti, his lieutenant, should stay at 
 the fort, which they were to strengthen in the meantime, and 
 extend their intercourse with the Indians. 
 
 Hennepin started on his voyage on the last day of Febru- 
 ary, 1680, and La Salle soon after, with a few attendants, 
 started on his perilous journey of twelve hundred miles by 
 the way of the Illinois River, the Miami, and Lakes Erie 
 and Ontario, to Frontenac, which he finally reached in 
 safety. He found his worst fears realized. The "Griffin" 
 waa lost, his agents had taken advantage of his absence, and 
 his creditors had seized his goods. But he knew no such 
 word as fail, and by the middle of summer he was again on 
 his way with men and supplies for his band in Illinois. A 
 sad disappointment awaited him. He found his fort deserted 
 and no tidings of Tonti and his men. During La Salle's 
 absence the Indians had become jealous of the French, and 
 they had been attacked and harassed even by the Iroquois, 
 who came the long distance between the shores of Lake 
 Ontario and the Illinois River to make war upon the more 
 peaceable tribes dwelling on the prairies. Uncertain of any 
 assistance from La Salle, and apprehensive of a general 
 war with the savages, Tonti, in September, 1680, abandoned 
 his position and returned to the shores of the lakes. La 
 Salle reached the post on the Illinois in December, 1680, or 
 January, 1681. Again bitterly disappointed, La Salle did 
 not succumb, but resolved to return to Canada and start 
 anew. This he did, and in June met his lieutenant, Tonti, 
 at Mackinaw. 
 
 Hennepin in the meanwhile had met with strange adven- 
 tures. After leaving Creve-Coeur, he reached the Missis- 
 sippi in seven days ; but his way was so obstructed by ice 
 that he was until the 11th of April reaching the Wisconsin 
 line. Here he was taken prisoner by some northern Indians, 
 who, however, treated him kindly and took him and his 
 companions to the falls of St. Anthony, which they reached 
 on the first of May. These falls Hennepin named in honor 
 of his patron saint. Hennepin and his companions remained 
 here for three months, treated very kindly by their captors. 
 At the end of this time they met with a band of French, 
 led by one Sieur de Luth,* who, in pursuit of game and 
 trade, had penetrated to this country by way of Lake Su- 
 perior. With his band Hennepin and his companions re- 
 turned to the borders of civilized life in November, 1G80, 
 just after La Salle had gone back to the wilderness. Hen- 
 nepin returned to France, where, in 1684, he published a 
 narrative of his wonderful adventures. 
 
 Robert De La Salle, whose name is more closely connected 
 with the explorations of the Mississippi than that of any 
 other, was the next to descend the river in the year 1682. 
 Formal possession was taken of the great river and all the 
 countries bordering upon it or its tributaries in the name of 
 the King. 
 
 La Salle and his party now retraced their steps towards 
 the north. They met with no serious trouble until they 
 reached the Chickasaw Bluffs, where they had erected a fort 
 
 * From tlii.i man undoubtedly comes the name of Duluth. 
 
 on" their downward voyage, and named it Prudhomme. 
 Here La Salle was taken violently sick. Unable to proceed, 
 he sent forward Tonti to communicate with Count Fronte- 
 nac. La Salle himself reached the mouth of the St. Joseph 
 the latter part of September. From that point he sent 
 Father Zenobe with his dispatches to represent him at court, 
 while he turned his attention to the fur trade and to the 
 project of completing a fort, which he named St. Louis, 
 upon the Illinois River. The precise location of this work 
 is not known. It was said to be upon a rocky bluff two 
 hundred and fifty feet high, and only accessible upon one 
 side. There are no bluffs of such a height on the Illinois 
 River answering the description. It may have been on 
 the rocky bluff above La Salle, where the rocks are perhaps 
 one hundred feet in height. 
 
 Upon the completion of this work La Salle again sailed 
 for France, which he reached on the 13th of December, 
 1683. A new man, La Barre, had now succeeded Fronte- 
 nac as Governor of Canada. This man was unfriendly 
 towards La Salle, and this, with other untoward circum- 
 stances, no doubt led him to attempt the colonization of the 
 Mississippi country by way of the mouth of the river. Not- 
 withstanding many obstacles were in his path, he succeeded 
 in obtaining the grant of a fleet from the King, and on the 
 24th of July, 1684, a fleet of twenty-four vessels sailed from 
 Rochelle to America, four of which were destined for Lou- 
 isiana, and carried a body of two hundred and eighty 
 people, including the crews. There were soldiers, artificers, 
 and volunteers, and also " some young women." Discord 
 soon broke out between M. de Beaujeu and La Salle, and 
 grew from bad to worse. On the 20th of December they 
 reached the island of St. Domingo. 
 
 Joutel* was sent out with this party, which left on the 
 5th of February, and traveled eastward three days, when 
 they came to a great stream which they could not cross. 
 Here they made signals by building great fires, and on the 
 13th two of the vessels came in sight. The stream was 
 sounded and the vessels were anchored under shelter. But 
 again misfortume overtook La Salle, and the vessel was 
 wrecked, and the bulk of supplies was lost. At this junc- 
 ture M. de Beaujeu, his second in command, set sail and 
 returned to France. La Salle now constructed a rude 
 shelter from the timbers of his wrecked vessel, placed his 
 people inside of it, and set out to explore the surrounding 
 country in hope of finding the Mississippi. He was, of 
 course, disappointed : but found on a stream, which is 
 named the Vaches, a good site for a fort. He at once re- 
 moved his camp, and, after incredible exertions, constructed 
 a fortification sufficient to protect them from the Indians. 
 This fort was situated on Matagorda Bay, within the present 
 limits of Texas, and was called by La Salle Fort St. Louis. 
 
 Leaving Joutel to complete the work with one hundred 
 men, La Salle took the remainder of the company and em- 
 barked on the river, with the intention of proceeding as far 
 up as he could. The savages soon became troublesome, and 
 
 * Joutel, historian of the voyage, accompanied La Salle, and subse- 
 quently wrote his " Journal Ilistorique," which was published in Paris, 
 
 1713. 
 
 13
 
 14 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 on the 14th of July La Salle ordered Joutel to join him 
 with his whole force. They had already lost several of their 
 best men, and dangers threatened them on every side. It 
 would seem from the historian's account of the expedition 
 that La Salle began to erect another fort, and also that he 
 became morose and severe in his discipline, so much so as to 
 get the ill will of many of his people. He finally resolved 
 to advance into the country, but whether with the view of 
 returning to Canada by way of Illinois, or only for the pur- 
 pose of making further discoveries, Joutel leaves in doubt. 
 Giving his last instructions, he left the fort on the 12th day 
 of January, 1687, with a company of about a dozen men, 
 including his brother, two'nephews, Father Anastasius, a 
 Franciscan friar, Joutel, and others, and moved north-east- 
 ward, as is supposed, until the 17th of March, when some 
 of his men, who had been cherishing revengeful feelings for 
 some time, waylaid the Chevalier and shot him dead. 
 They also slew one of his nephews and two of his servants. 
 
 This deed occurred on the 20th of March, on a stream 
 called Cenis. 
 
 In 1687, France was involved in a long and bloody war. 
 The League of Augsburg was formed by the Princes of the 
 Empire against Louis XIV., and England, Spain, Holland, 
 Denmark, Sweden, and Savoy took up arms, and Louis 
 found himself battling with nearly the whole of Europe, and 
 only Turkey for an ally. This war ended with the peace of 
 Eyswick in 1697. 
 
 No material change took place in America, but the colo- 
 nists were harassed and many of their people killed or car- 
 ried captives to the Canadas. In 1688, the French posses- 
 sions in North America included nearly the whole of the 
 continent north of the St Lawrence, and the entire valley 
 of the Mississippi ; and they had begun to establish a line 
 of fortifications extending from Quebec to the mouth of the 
 Mississippi, between which points they had three great lines 
 of communication, to wit : by way of Mackinaw, Green 
 Bay, and the Wisconsin River ; by way of Lake Michigan, 
 the Kankakee and Illinois Rivers ; and by way of Lake 
 Erie, the Maumee and Wabash Rivers, and were preparing 
 to explore the Ohio as a fourth route. 
 
 In 1699, D'Iberville, under the authority of the crown, 
 discovered, on the second of March, by way of the sea, the 
 mouth of the " Hidden River." This majestic stream was 
 called by the natives " Malbouchia," and by the Spaniards, 
 ' La Palissade," from the great number of trees about its 
 mouth. After traversing the several outlets, and satisfying 
 himself as to its certainty, he erected a fort near its western 
 outlet, and returned to France. An avenue of trade was 
 now opened out, which was fully improved. 
 
 At this time a census of New France thowed a total 
 population of eleven thousand two hundred and forty-nine 
 Europeans. War again broke out in 1701, and extended 
 over a period of twelve years, ending with the treaty of 
 Utrecht, in 1713. This also extended to the American Colo- 
 nies, and its close left everything as before, with the excep- 
 tion that Nova Scotia was captured in 1710. 
 
 In 1718, New Orleans was laid out and settled by some 
 European colonists. In 1762, the colony was made ever to 
 
 14 
 
 Spain, to be regained by France, under the consulate of 
 Napoleon. 
 
 In 1803, it was purchased by the United States, for the 
 sum of fifteen million dollars, and the territory of Louisiana 
 and the commerce of the Mississippi river, came under the 
 charge of the United States. Although La Salle's labors 
 ended in defeat and death, he had not worked and suffered 
 in vain. He had thrown open to France and the world an 
 immense and most valuable country. Had established 
 several ports, and laid the foundation of more than one 
 settlement there. " Peoria, Kaskaskia and Cahokia are to 
 this day monuments of La Salle's labors; for, th'-ugh he 
 had founded neither of them (unless Peoria, which was built 
 nearly upon the site of Fort Crevecceur), it was by those he 
 led into the west that these places were peopled and civil- 
 ized. He was, if not the discoverer, the first settler of the 
 Mississippi Valley, and as such deserves to be known and 
 honored."* 
 
 The French early improved the opening made for them, 
 and before 1693, the Reverend Father Gravier began a 
 mission among the Illinois, and became the founder of Kas- 
 kaskia. For some time it was merely a missionary station, 
 and the inhabitants of the village consisted entirely of 
 natives ; it being one of three such villages, the other two 
 being Cahokia and Peoria, This we learn from a letter 
 written by Father Gabriel Marest, dated " Aux Cascaskias, 
 Autrement dit de l'lmmaculee concepcion de la Sainte 
 Vierge, le 9 Novembre, 1712." In this letter, the writer 
 tells us that Gravier must be regarded as the founder of the 
 Illinois mi sions. Soon after the founding of Kaskaskia, the 
 missionary, Pinet, gathered a flock at Cahokia,! while 
 Peoria arose near the remains of Fort Crevecoeur % 
 
 An unsuccessful attempt was also made to found a colony 
 on the Ohio. It failed in consequence of sickness.§ 
 
 In the north, De La Motte Cadillac, in June, 1701, laid 
 the foundation of Fort Pontchartrain, on the strait, (le De- 
 troit), |[ while in the southwest efforts were making to realize 
 the dreams of La Salle. The leader in the last named en- 
 terprise was Lemoine D'Iberville, a Canadian officer, who 
 from 1694 to 1697 distinguished himself not a little by 
 battles and conquests among the icebergs of the " Baye 
 D'Udson or Hudson Bay." 
 
 The post at Vincennes, on theOubache river, (pronounced 
 Wa-ba, meaning summer cloud moving swiftly), was estab- 
 lished in 1702. It is quite probable that on La Salle's last 
 trip he established the stations at Kaskaskia and Cahokia. 
 Until the year 1750, but little is known of the settlements 
 in the northwest, as it was not until this time that the atten- 
 
 * The authorities in relation to La Salle are Hennepin : a narrative pub- 
 lished in the name of Tonti, in 1697, but disclaimed by him (Charlevoix 
 III, 365. Lettres Edifiantes. 
 
 t Bancroft, iii. 196. 
 
 \ There was an Old Peoria on the northwest shore of the lake of that 
 name, a mile and a half above the outlet. From 1778 to 1796 the inhabi- 
 tants left this for New Peoria, (Fort Clark) at the outlet. American 
 
 State Papers, xviii. 476. 
 
 I Watern Annals. 
 
 I Charlevoix, ii. 284. Le Detroit was the whole strait from Erie to 
 Huron. The first grants of land at Detroit, i. «., Fort Pontchartrain, 
 were made in 1707.
 
 HIS10RY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 15 
 
 tion of tne English was called to the occupation of this por- 
 tion of the new world, which they then supposed they 
 owned. Vivier, a missionary among the Illinois, writing 
 " Aux Illinois," six leagues from Fort Chartres, June 8th, 
 1750, says : " We have here whites, negroes, and Indians, to 
 say nothing of the cross-breeds. Thore are five French 
 villages, and three villages of the natives within a space of 
 twenty-one leagues, tituated between the Mississippi and 
 another river, called the Karkadiad, (Kaskaskia). In the 
 five French villages are, perhaps, eleven hundred whites, 
 three hundred blacks, and some sixty red slaves or savages. 
 The three Illinois towns do not contain more than eight 
 hundred souls all told.* Most of the French till the soil. 
 They raise wheat, cattle, pigs and horses, and live like 
 princes. Three times as much is produced as can be con- 
 sumed, and great quantities of grain and flour are sent to 
 New Orleans." 
 
 Again, in an epistle dated November 17th, 1750, Vivier 
 says : " For fifteen leagues above the mouth of the Missis- 
 sippi, one sees no dwellings * * * * New Orleans contains 
 black, white and red, not more, I think, than twelve hun- 
 dred persons. To this point come all kinds of lumber, 
 bricks, salt-beef, .tallow, tar, skins, and bear's grease ; and 
 above all pork and flour from the Illinois. These things 
 create some commerce, as forty vessels and more have come 
 hither this year. Above New Orleans plantations are again 
 met with ; the most considerable is a colony of Germans, 
 some ten leagues up the river. At point Coupee, thirty-five 
 leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, 
 within five or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. 
 Fifty leagues farther up is the Natchez post, where we have 
 a garrison." 
 
 Father Marest, witing from the post at Vincennes, makes 
 the same observation. Vivier also says, " Some individuals 
 dig lead near the surface, and supply the Indians and Can- 
 ada. Two Spaniards, now here, who claim to be adepts, 
 say that our mines are like those of Mexico, and that if we 
 would dig deeper we would find silver under the lead; at 
 any rate the lead is excellent. There are also in this coun- 
 try, beyond doubt, copper mines, as from time to time, large 
 pieces have been found in the streams." f 
 
 At the close of the year 1750, the French occupied in ad- 
 dition to the lower Mississippi posts and those in Illinois, 
 one at Du Quesne, one at the Maumee, in the country of the 
 Kiamis, and one at Sandusky, in what may be termed the 
 Ohio Valley. In the northern part of the north-west, they 
 had stations at St. Joseph's on the St. Joseph's of Lake 
 Michigan, at Fort Pontchartrain (Detroit), at Michilli- 
 mackinac or Massillimacinac, Fox River of Green Bay, and 
 at Sault Ste. Marie. The fondest dreams of La Salle were 
 now fully realized. The French alone were possessors of 
 this va3t realm, basing their claim on discovery and settle- 
 ment. Another nation, however, was now turning its 
 attention to this extensive country, and learning of its 
 wealth began to lay plans for occupying it and for securing 
 the great profits arising therefrom. 
 
 * Lcttre^ Eiliffantes (Paris, 1781), vii. 97-106. 
 f Western Annals. 
 
 The French, however, had another claim to this country, 
 namely, the 
 
 DISCOVERY OP THE OHIO. 
 
 The largest branch of the Mississippi river from the east, 
 known to the early French settlers as la belie riviere, called 
 " beautiful " river, was discovered by Robert Cavalier de 
 La Salle, in 1669. While La Salle was at his trading-post 
 on the St. Lawrence, he found leisure to study nine Indian 
 dialects, the chief of which was the Iroquois. While con- 
 versing with some Senecas, he learned of a river called the 
 Ohio, which rose in their country and flowed to the sea. 
 
 In this statement the Mississippi and its tributaries were 
 considered as one stream. La Salle, believing as most of 
 the French at that period did, that the great rivers flowing 
 west emptied into the Sea of California, was anxious to em- 
 bark in the enterprise of discovering a route across the 
 continent He repaired at once to Quebec to obtain the 
 approval of the Governor and the Intendent, Talon. They 
 issued letters patent, authorizing the enterprise, but made 
 no provisions to defray the expenses. 
 
 At this juncture the seminary St. Sulpice decided to send 
 out missionaries in connection with the expedition, and La 
 Salle offering to sell his improvements at La Chive to raise 
 the money, the offer was. accepted by the Superior, and two 
 thousand eight hundred dollars were raised, with which La 
 Salle purchased four canoes and the necessary supplies for 
 the outfit. 
 
 On the 6th of July, 1669, the party, numbering twenty- 
 four persons, embarked in seven canoes on the St. Lawrence. 
 Two additional canoes carried the Indian guides. 
 
 In three days they were gliding over the bosom of Lake 
 Ontario. Their guides conducted them directly to the 
 Seneca village on the bank of the Genesee, in the vicinity 
 of the present city of Rochester, New York. Here they 
 expected to procure guides to conduct them to the Ohio, but 
 in this they were disappointed. After waiting a month in 
 the hope of gaining their object, they met an Indian from the 
 Iroquois colony, at the head of Lake Ontario, who assured 
 them they could find guides, and offered to conduct them 
 thence. On their way they passed the mouth of Niagara 
 river, when they heard for the first time the distant thunder 
 of the cataract. Arriving among the Iroquois they met 
 with a friendly reception, and learned from a Shawnee 
 prisoner that they could reach the Ohio in six weeks. * De- 
 lighted with the unexpected good fortune, they made ready 
 to resume their journey, and as they were about to start they 
 heard of the arrival of two Frenchmen in a neighboring 
 village. One of them proved to be Louis Joliet, afterwards 
 famous as an explorer in the west. He had been sent by 
 the Canadian government to explore the copper mines on 
 Lake Superior, but had failed and was on his way back to 
 Quebec. 
 
 On arriving at Lake Superior, they found, as La Salle 
 had predicted, the Jesuit fathers, Marquette and Dablon, 
 occupying the field. After parting with the priests, La 
 Salle went to the chief Iroquois village at Onondago, where 
 he obtained guides and passing thence to a tributary of the 
 Ohio south of Lake Erie, he descended the latter as far as 
 
 15
 
 16 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 the falls of Louisville. Thus was the Ohio discovered by 
 La Salle, the persevering and successful French explorer of 
 the west in 1669. 
 
 When Washington was sent out by the colony of Virginia 
 in 1753, to demand of Gordeur de St. Pierre why the French 
 had built a fort on the Monongahela, the haughty com- 
 mandant at Quebec replied : "We claim the country on the 
 Ohio by virtue of the discoveries of La Salle, and will not 
 give it up to the English. Our orders are to make prisoners 
 of every Englishman found trading in the Ohio valley." 
 
 ENGLISH EXPLORATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 We have sketched the progress of French discovery in 
 the valley of the Mississippi. The first travelers reached 
 that river iu 1673, and when the year 1750 broke in upon 
 the father of waters and the great north-west, all was still 
 except those little spots upon the prairies of Illinois and 
 among the marshes of Louisiana. 
 
 Volney, by conjecture, fixes the settlement of Vincennes 
 about 1735.* Bishop Brute, of Indiana, speaks of a mis- 
 sionary station there in 1700, and adds : " The friendly 
 tribes and traders called to Canada for protection, and then 
 M. De Vincennes came with a detachment, I think, of 
 Carignan, and was killed in 1735. ''f Bancroft says a mili- 
 tary establishment was formed there in 1716, and in 1742 a 
 settlement of herdsmen took plaee.J In a petition of the 
 old inhabitants at Vincennes, dated in November, 1793, we 
 find the settlement spoken of as having been made before 
 1742.§ And such is the general voice of tradition. On the 
 other hand, Charlevoix, who records the death of Vincennes, 
 which took place among the Chickasaws, in 1736, makes no 
 mention of any post on the Wabash, or any missionary 
 station there. Neither does he mark any upon his map, 
 although he gives even the British forts upon the Tennessee 
 and elsewhere. Such is the character of the proof relative 
 to the settlement of Vincennes. 
 
 Hennepin, in 1663-4, had heard of the " Hohio." The 
 route from the lakes to the Mississippi, by the Wabash, was 
 explored 1676,[| and in Hennepin's volume of 1698, is a 
 journal, said to be that sent by La Salle to Count Frontenac 
 in 1682 or '83, which mentions the route by the Maumee^f 
 and Wabash as the most direct to the great western river. 
 
 In 1749, when the English first began to think seriously 
 of sending men into the west, the greater portions of the 
 states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and 
 Minnesota were yet under the dominion of the red men. 
 The English knew, however, of the nature of the vast 
 wealth of these wilds. 
 
 In the year 1710, Governor Spotswdod, of Virginia, had 
 matured a plan and commenced movements, the object of 
 which was to secure the country beyond the Alleghenies to 
 the English crown. In Pennsylvania, also, Governor Keith 
 and James Logan, Secretary of the Province from 1719 to 
 
 • Volncy's View, p. 336. 
 
 t Butler's Kentucky. 
 
 J History U. S. iii. 340. 
 
 | American State Papers, xvi. 32. 
 
 | Histoire General Des Voyages xiv., 758. 
 
 1[Now called Miami. 
 
 1731, represented to the powers of England the necessity of 
 taking steps to secure the western lands. Nothing, however, 
 was done by the mother country, except to take certain 
 diplomatic steps to secure the claim of Britain to this unex- 
 plored wilderness. England had from the outset claimed 
 from the Atlantic to the Pacific, on the ground that the dis- 
 covery and possession of the sea coast was a discovery and 
 possession of the country ; and as is well known, her grants 
 to Virginia, Connecticut, and other colonies, were through 
 from " sea to sea." This was not all her claims ; she had 
 purchased from the Indian tribes large tracts of land. This 
 was also a strong argument. 
 
 In the year 1684, Lord Howard, Governor of Virginia, 
 held a treaty with the five nations at Albany. These were 
 the great Northern Confederacy, and comprised at first the 
 Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas. 
 Afterward the Tuscaroras were taken into the confederacy, 
 and it became known as the six nations. They came under 
 the protection of the mother country, and again in 1701 they 
 repeated the agreement. Another formal deed was drawn 
 up and signed by the chiefs of the National Confederacy in 
 1726, by which their lands were conveyed in trust to Eng- 
 land, " to be protected and defended by his majesty, to and 
 for the use of the grantors and their heirs." The validity 
 of this claim has often been disputed, but never successfully. 
 Iu 1774, a purchase was made at Lancaster of certain lands 
 within the " colony of Virginia," for which the Indians 
 received £200 in gold and a like sum in goods, with a 
 promise that as settlements increased, more should be paid. 
 The commissioners from Virginia at the treaty were Col. 
 Thomas Lee and Col. William Beverly. 
 
 As settlements extended, and the Indians _.egan to com- 
 plain, the promise of further pay was called to mind, and 
 Mr. Conrad Weiser was sent across the Alleghenies to Logs- 
 town. In 1784,* Col. Lee and some Virginians accom- 
 panied him, with the intention of ascertaining the feelings 
 of the Indians with regard to further settlements in the west, 
 which Col. Lee and others were contemplating. The object 
 of these proposed settlements was not the cultivation of the 
 soil, but the monopoly of the Indian trade. Accordingly 
 after Weiser's conference with the Indians at Logstown, 
 which was favorable to their views, Thomas Lee, with 
 twelve other Virginians, among whom were Lawrence and 
 Augustine, brothers of George Washington, and also Mr. 
 Hanbury, of London, formed an association which they 
 called the "Ohio Company," and in 1748 petitioned the 
 king for a grant beyond the mountains. This petition was 
 approved by the English government, and the government 
 of Virginia was ordered to grant to the petitioners half a 
 million of acres within the bounds of that colony beyond 
 the Alleghenies, two hundred thousand of which were to be 
 located at once. This portion was to be held for ten years 
 free of quit-rent, provided the company would put there one 
 hundred families within seven years, and build a fort suffi- 
 cient to protect the settlement. The company accepted the 
 proposition, and sent to London for a cargo suited to the 
 Indian trade, which should arrive in November, 1749. 
 
 • Plain Facts, pp. 40, 120.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 17 
 
 Other companies were also formed about this time iu Vir- 
 ginia to colonize the west. On the 12th of June, 1749, a 
 grant of 800,000 acres from the line of Canada, on the 
 north and west, was made to the Loyal Company, and on 
 the 29th of October, 1751, another of 100,000 acres to the 
 Greenbriar Company. * 
 
 The French were not blind all this time. They saw that 
 if the British once obtained a stronghold upon the Ohio, 
 they might not only prevent their settlements upon it, but 
 in time would come to the lower posts, and so gain, posses- 
 sion of the whole country. Upon the 10th of May, 1744, 
 Vandreuil, the French governor, well knowing the conse- 
 quences that must arise from allowing the English to build 
 trading posts iu the north-west, seized some of their frontier 
 posts, to further secure the claims of the French to the 
 west. Having these fears, and seeing the danger of the 
 late movements of the British, Gallisoniere, then Governor 
 of Canada, determined to place along the Ohio evidences of 
 the French claim to, and possession of, the country. For 
 that purpose he sent, in the summer of 1749, Louis Celeron, 
 with a party of soldiers, to place plates of lead, on which 
 were written out the claims of the French, in the mounds 
 and at the mouths of the rivers. These were heard of by 
 Willliam Trent, an Indian commissioner, sent out by Vir- 
 ginia in 1752, to treat with and conciliate the Indians, 
 while upon the Ohio, and mentioned in his journal. One of 
 these plates was found with the inscription partly defaced. 
 It bears date August 16th, 1749, and a copy of the inscrip- 
 tion, with particular account, was sent by De Witt Clinton 
 to the American Antiquarian Society, among whose journals 
 it may now be found. These measures did not, however, 
 deter the English from going on with their explorations. 
 
 In February, 1751, Christopher Gist was sent by the 
 Ohio Company to examine its lands. He went to a village 
 of the Twigtwees, on the Miami, about 150 miles above its 
 mouth. From there he went down the Ohio River nearly 
 to the falls, at the present city of Louisville, and in Novem- 
 ber ha commenced a survey of the company's lands. In 
 1751, General Andrew Lewis commenced some surveys in 
 the Greenbrier country, on behalf of the company already 
 mentioned. Meanwhile the French were busy iu preparing 
 their forts for defence, and in opening roads. In 1752 
 having heard of the trading houses on the Miami River, 
 they, assisted by the Ottawas and Chippewas, attacked it, 
 and, after a severe battle, in which fourteen of the natives 
 were killed and others wouuded, captured the garrison. 
 The traders were carried away to Canada, and one account 
 says several were burned. This fort, or trading house was 
 called by the English writers Pickawillany. A memorial 
 of the king's ministers refers to it as " Pickawellanes, in the 
 centre of the territory between Ohio and the Wabash." 
 This was the first blood shed bstween the French and 
 English, and occurred near the present city of Piqua, Ohio. 
 The English were determined on their part to purchase a 
 title from the Indians of lands which they wished to occupy, 
 and in the spring of 1752, Messrs. Fry.f Lomax and Pat on 
 
 ■ Revised Statutes of Virginia. 
 
 I Afterwards Commander-in-chief over Washington, at the commence- 
 meut of t'.ie Frcncli War of 1775. 
 
 were sent from Virginia to hold a conference «ith the 
 natives at Logstown, to learn what they objected t.> in the 
 treaty at Lancaster, and to settle all difficulties On the 
 9th of June the commissioners met the red men at Logs- 
 town. This was a village seventeen miles below Pittsburgh, 
 upon the north side of the Ohio. Here had been a trading 
 post for many years, but it was abandoned by the Indians 
 in 1750. At first the Indians declined to recognize the 
 treaty of Lancaster, but the commissioners taking aside 
 Montour, the interpreter, who was a son of the famous 
 Catherine Montour, and a chief among the six nations, 
 being three-fourths of Indian blood, through his influence 
 an agreement was effected, and upon the 13th of June they 
 all united in signing a deed, confirming the Lancaster treaty 
 in it3 fullest extent. Meanwhile the powers beyond the seas 
 were trying to out-manoeuver each other, and were professing 
 to be at peace. The English generally outwitted the Indians, 
 and secured themselves, as they thought, by their polite 
 conduct. But the French, in this as iu all cases, proved that 
 they knew best how to manage the natives. While these 
 measures were taken, another treaty with the wild men of 
 the debatable land was also in contemplation. And in Sep- 
 tember, 1753, William Fairfax met their deputies at Win- 
 chester, Virginia, where he concluded a treaty. In the 
 month following, however, a more satisfactory interview took 
 place at Carlisle, between the representatives of the Iroquois, 
 Delawares, Shawnees, Twigtwees, and Wyandots, and the 
 commissioners of Pennsylvania, Richard Peters, Isaac Norris, 
 and Benjamin Franklin. Soon after this, no satisfaction 
 being obtained from the Ohio, either as to the force, position, 
 or purposes of the French, Robert Dinwiddie, then Governor 
 of Virginia, determined to send to them another messenger, 
 and learn if possible their intentions. For this purpose he 
 selected a young surveyor, who, at the age of nineteen had 
 attained the rank of major, and whose previous life had 
 inured him to hardships and woodland ways ; while his 
 courage, cool judgment, and firm will, all fitted him for such 
 a mission. This personage was no other than the illustrious 
 George Washington, who then held considerable interest in 
 western lands. He was twenty-one years old at the time of 
 the appointment.* Taking Gist as a guide, the two, accom- 
 panied by four servitors, set out on their perilous march. 
 They left Will's Creek, where Cumberland now is, on the 
 15th of November, and on the 22d reached the Monongahela, 
 about ten miles above the fork. From there they went to 
 Logstown, where Washington had a long conference with 
 the chiefs of the six nations. Here he learned the position 
 of the French, and also that they had determined not to come 
 down the river until the following spring. The Indians were 
 non-committal, they deeming a neutral position the safest. 
 Washington, finding nothing could be done, went on to Ve 
 nango, an old Indian town at the mouth of the French 
 Creek. Here the French had a fort called Fort Machault. 
 On the 1 1th of Djcember he reached the fort at the head of 
 French Creek. Here he delivered Governor Dinwiddie's 
 letter, received his answer, and upon the 16th set out upon 
 his retura j mrn >y with no one but Gist, hii guide, aud a few 
 
 •3parks>' Washington, Vol. ii., pp. 428-447.
 
 IS 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Indians, who still remained true to him. They reached home 
 in safety oa the 6th of January, 1754. From the letter of 
 St. Pierre, Commander of the French fort, sent by Washing- 
 ton to Governor Dinwiddie, it was perfectly clear that the 
 French would not yield the West without a struggle. Active 
 preparations were at once made in all the English colonies 
 for the coming conflict, while the French finished their fort 
 at Venango and strengthened their lines of fortifications to 
 be in readiness. The Old Dominion was alive. Virginia 
 was the center of great activities. Volunteers were called 
 for, and from neighboring colonies men rallied to the conflict, 
 and everywhere along the Potomac men were enlisting under 
 Governor's proclamation, — which promised two hundred 
 thousand acres on the Ohio. Along th : s river they were 
 gathering as far as Will's Creek, and far beyond this point, 
 whither Trent had come for assistance, for his little band of 
 fjrty-one men, who were working away in hunger and want, 
 to fortify that point at the fork of the Ohio, to which both 
 parties were looking with deep interest. The first birds of 
 spring filled the f jrest with their songs. The swift river 
 rolled by the Allegheny hillsides, swollen by the melting 
 snows of spring and April showers. The leaves were appear- 
 ing, a few Indian Scouts were seen, but no enemy seemed 
 near at hand, and all was so quiet that Frazier, an old In- 
 dian trader, who had been left by Trent in command of the 
 new fort, ventured to his home at the mouth of Turtle Creek, 
 ten miles up the Monongahela. Bat though all was so quiet 
 in that wilderness, keen eyes had seen the low entrenchment 
 that was rising at the fork, and swift feet had borne the news 
 of it up the valley, and on the morning of the 17th of April, 
 Ensign Ward, who then had charge of it, saw upon the 
 Allegheny a sight that made his heart sink ; — sixty batteaux 
 and three hundred canoes, filled with men, and laden deep 
 with cannon and stores. The fort was called on to surren- 
 der: by the advice of the Half-King, Ward tried to evade 
 the act, but it would not do. Contrecoeur, with a thousand 
 men about him, said ' Evacuate,' and the ensign dared not 
 refuse. That evening he supped with his captor, and the 
 next day was bowed off by the Frenchman, and, with his 
 men and tools, marched up the Monongahela." The French 
 and Indian war had begun. The treaty of Aix la Chapelle, 
 in 1748, had left the boundaries between the French and 
 English possessions unsettled, and the events already narra- 
 ted show that the French were determined to hold the coun- 
 try watered by the Mississippi and its tributaries : while the 
 English laid claim to the country by virtue of the discoveries 
 by the Cabote, and claimed all the country from New Found- 
 land to Florida, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The 
 first decisive blow had been struck, and the first attempt of 
 the English, through the Ohio Company, to occupy these 
 lands had resulted disastrously to them. The French and 
 Indians immediately completed the fortifications begun at 
 the fork, which they had so easily captured, and when com- 
 pleted gave to the fort the name of Du Quesne. Washing- 
 ton was at Will's Creek, when the news of the capture of the 
 fort arrived. He at once departed to recapture it On his 
 way he entrenched himself at a place called the " Meadows," 
 where he erected a fort called by him Fort Necessity. From 
 
 ■ 
 
 there he surprised and captured a force of French and Indi- 
 ans marching against him, but was soon after attacked by a 
 much superior force, and was obliged to yield on the morn- 
 ing of July 4th. He was allowed to return to Virginia. 
 
 The English Government immediately planned for cam- 
 paigns, one against Fort Du Quesne, one against Nova Sco- 
 tia, one against Fort Niagara, and one against Crown Point. 
 These occurred during 1755-6, and were not successful in 
 driving the French from their possessions. The expedition 
 against Fort Du Quesne was led by the famous Braddock, 
 who, refusing to listen to the advice of Washington and those 
 acquainted with Indian warfare, suffered an inglorious de- 
 feat. This occurred on the morning of July 9th, and is gen- 
 erally known as the battle of Monongahela or " Braddock's 
 defeat" The war continued through various vicissitudes 
 through the years 1756-7, when, at the commencement of 
 1758, in accordance with the plans of William Pitt, then 
 secretary of state, afterwards Lord Chatham, active prepa- 
 rations were made to carry on the war. Three expeditions 
 were planned for this year: one under General Amherst, 
 against Louisburg; another under Abercrombie, against 
 Fort Ticonderoga ; and a third under General Forbes, against 
 Fort Du Quesne. On the 26th of July, Louisburg surren- 
 dered after a desperate resistance of more than forty days, 
 and the eastern part of the Canadian possessions fell into the 
 hands of the British. Abercrombie captu red Fort Fronte- 
 nac, and when the expedition against Fort Du Quesne, of 
 which Washington had the active command, arrived there, 
 it was found in flames and deserted. The English at once 
 took possession, rebuilt the fort, and in honor of their illus- 
 trious statesman, changed the name to Fort Pitt 
 
 The great object of the campaign of 1759, was the reduc- 
 tion of Canada. General Wolfe was to lay siege to Quebec ; 
 Amherst was to reduce Ticonderoga and Crown Point ; and 
 General Prideaux was to capture Niagara. This latter place 
 was taken in July, but the gallant Prideaux lost his life. 
 Amherst captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point without a 
 blow ; and Wolfe, afcer making the memorable ascent to the 
 plains of Abraham, on September 13th, defeated Montcalm, 
 and on the ISth the city capitulated. In this engagement, 
 Montcalm and Wolfe both lost their lives. De Levi, Mont- 
 calm's successor, marched tt Sillery, three miles above the 
 city, with the purpose of defeating the English, and there, 
 on the 28th of the following April, was fought one of the 
 bloodiest battles of the French and Indian war. It resulted 
 in the defeat of the French, and the fall of the city of Mon- 
 treal. The Governor signed a capitulation by which the 
 whole of Canada was surrendered to the English. This 
 practically concluded the war, but it was not until 1763 
 that the treaties of peace between France and England 
 were signed. This was done on the 10th of February of that 
 year, and under its provisions all the country east of the 
 Mississippi and north of the Ibervill river in Louisiana, were 
 ceded to England. At the same time, Spain ceded Florida 
 to Great Britain. 
 
 On the 13th September, 1760, Major Robert Rogers was 
 sent from Montreal to take charge of Detroit, the only re- 
 maining French post ia the territory. He arrived there on
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 19 
 
 the 9th of November, and summoned the place to surrender. 
 At first the commander of the post, Beletre, refused, but on 
 the 29th, hearing of the continued defeat of the French army, 
 surrendered. The North-west Territory was now entirely 
 under the English rule. In 1762, France, by a secret treaty, 
 ceded Louisiana to Spain, to prevent it falling into the hands 
 of the English, who were becoming masters of the entire 
 West. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fon- 
 tainbleau, gave to the English the dominion in question. 
 Twenty years after, by the treaty of peace between the United 
 States and England, that part of Canada lying south and 
 west of the great lakes, comprising a large territory, was 
 acknowledged to be a portion of the United States. In 
 1803 Louisiana was ceded by Spain back to France, and by 
 France sold to the United States. By the treaty of Paris, 
 the regions east of the Mississippi, including all these and 
 other towns of the north-west, were given over to England ; 
 but they do not appear to have been taken possession of until 
 1765, when Captain Stirling, in the name of the Majesty in 
 England, established himself at Fort Chartres, bearing with 
 him the proclamation of General Gage, dated December 
 30th, 1761, which promised religious freedom to all Catho- 
 lics who worshiped here and the right to leave the country 
 with their effects if they wished, or to remain with the priv- 
 ileges of Englishmen. ^During the years 1775 tnd 1776, by 
 the operations of land companies and the perseverance of 
 individuals, several settlements were firmly established be- 
 tween the Alleghenies and the Ohio river, and western land 
 speculators were busy in Illinois and on the Wabash. At a 
 council held in Kaskaskia, on July 5th, 1773, an association 
 of English traders, calling themselves the " Illinois Land 
 Company," obtained from the chiefs of the Kaskaskia, Ca- 
 hokia, and Peoria tribes two large tracts of land lying on the 
 east side of the Mississippi river south of the Illinois. In 
 1775 a merchant from the Illinois country, named Viviat, 
 came to Post Vincennes as the agent of the association called 
 the " Wabash Land Company." On the 8th of October he 
 obtained from eleven Piaukeshaw chiefs a deed for 37,497, 
 600 acres of land. This deed was signed by the grantors, 
 attested by a number of the inhabitants of Vincennes, and 
 afterward recorded in the office of a Notary Public at Kas- 
 kaskia. This and other land companies had extensive 
 schemes for the colonization of the West ; but all were frus- 
 trated by the breaking out of the Revolutionary war. On 
 the 20th of April, 1780, the two companies named consoli- 
 dated under the name of the " United Illinois and Wabash 
 Land Company ; " they afterwards made strenuous efforts to 
 have these grants sanctioned by Congress, but all signally 
 failed. When the war of the Revolution commenced, Ken- 
 tucky was an unorganized country, though there were several 
 settlements within her borders. 
 
 In Ilutchins' Topography of Virginia, it is stated that at 
 that time Kaskaskia contained 80 houses, and nearly 1,000 
 white and black inhabitants, the whites being a little the 
 more numerous. Cahokia contained fifty houses, 300 white 
 inhabitants, and 80 negroes. There were east of the Missis- 
 sippi river, about the year 1771 — when these observations 
 wcro made — " 300 white men capable cf bearing arms, and 
 
 238 negroes." From 1775 until the expedition of Clark, 
 nothing is recorded and nothing known of these settlements, 
 save what is contained in a report made by a committee to 
 Congress in June, 1778. From it the following extract is 
 made : " Near the mouth of the river Kaskaskia, there is a 
 village which appears to have contained nearly eighty fam- 
 ilies from the beginning of the late Revolution ; there are 
 twelve families at a small village at La Prairie Du Rochers, 
 and nearly fifty families at the Cahokia village. There are 
 also four or five families at Fort Chartres and St. Philip's, 
 which is five miles further up the river." St. Louis had been 
 settled in February, 1764, and at this time contained, inclu- 
 ding its neighboring towns, over six hundred white and one 
 hundred and fifty negroes. It must be remembered that all 
 the country west of the Mississippi was under French rule, 
 and remained so until ceded back to Spain, its original owner, 
 who afterwards sold it and the country including New Or- 
 leans to the United States. At Detroit, there were, accord- 
 ing to Captain Carver, who was in the north-west from 1768 
 to 1776, more than one hundred houses, and the river was 
 settled for more than twenty miles, although poorly cultiva- 
 ted, the people being engaged in the Indian trade. 
 
 On the breaking out of the Revolution, the British held 
 every post of importance in the West. Kentucky was 
 formed as a component part of Virginia, and the sturdy 
 pioneers of the West, alive to their interests, and recog- 
 nizing the great benefits of obtaining the control of the 
 trade in this part of the New World, held steadily to their 
 purposes, and those within the commonwealth of Ken- 
 tucky proceeded to exercise their civil privileges of electing 
 John Todd and Richard Gallaway burgesses, to represent 
 them in the assembly of the present state. The chief spirit 
 in this far-out colony, who had represented her the year 
 previous east of the mountains, was now meditating a move 
 of unequalled boldness. He had been watching the move- 
 ments of the British throughout the north-west, and under- 
 stood their whole plan. He saw it was through their 
 possession of the post at Detroit, Vincennes, Kaskaskia, and 
 other places, which would give them easy access to the vari- 
 ous Indian tribes in the north-west, that the British intended 
 to penetrate the country from the north and south, and 
 annihilate the frontier fortresses. This moving, energetic 
 man was Colonel, afterwards General George Rodgers Clark. 
 He knew that the Indians were not unanimously in accord 
 with the English, and he was convinced that, could the 
 British be defeated and expelled from the north-west, the 
 natives might be easily awed iuto neutrality ; by spies sent for 
 the purpose, he satisfied himself that the enterprise against 
 the Illinois settlements might easily succeed. Patrick Henry 
 was Governor of Virginia, and at once entered heartily into 
 Clark's plans. The same plan had before been agitated in 
 the Colonial Assemblies ; but there was no one until Clark 
 came who was sufficiently acquainted with the condition of 
 affairs at the scene of action to be able to guide them. 
 
 Clark, having satisfied the Virginia leaders of the feasibility 
 of his plan, received on the second of January two sets of 
 instructions : one secret, the other open. The latter authoriz- 
 ed him to proceed to enlist seven companies to go to Ken- 
 
 19
 
 20 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN- COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 tucky, subject to his orders, and to serve three months from 
 their arrival in the west. The secret order authorized him 
 to arm the troops, to procure his powder and lead of General 
 Hand, at Pittsburg, and to proceed at once to subjugate the 
 country. 
 
 With these instructions Clark repaired to Pittsburg, choos- 
 ing rather to raise his mep west of the mountains. Here he 
 raised three companies and several private volunteers. 
 Clark at length commenced his descent of the Ohio, which 
 he navigated as far as the falls, where he took possession of 
 and fortified Corn Island, between the present sites of Louis- 
 ville, Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana. Remains of 
 this fortification may yet be found. At this place he ap- 
 pointed Col. Bowman to meet him with such recruits as had 
 reached Kentucky by the southern route. Here he an- 
 nounced to the men their real destination. On the 24th of 
 
 ^June he embarked on the river, his destination being Fort 
 Massac or Massacre, and then marched direct to Kaskaskia. 
 The march was accomplished and the town reached on the 
 evening of July 4. He captured the fort near the village, 
 and soon after the village itself, by surprise, without the 
 loss of a single man or killing any of the enemy. Clark 
 
 . told the natives that they were at perfect liberty to worship 
 as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the conflict 
 they would, and he would protect them from any barbarity 
 from British or Indian foes. This had the desired effect> 
 and the inhabitants at once swore allegiance to the Ameri" 
 can arms, and when Clark desired to go to Cahokia on the 
 6th of July, they accompanied him, and through their in- 
 fluence the inhabitants of the place surrendered. Thus two 
 important posts in Illinois passed from the hands of the Eng- 
 lish into the possession of Virginia. During the year 
 (1779) the famous " Land Laws " of Virginia were passed- 
 The passage of these laws was 'of more consequence to the 
 pioneers of Kentucky and the north-west than the gaining 
 of a few Indian conflicts. These grants confirmed in the 
 main all grants made, and guaranteed to actual settlers their 
 rights and privileges. 
 
 After providing for the settlers, the laws provided for sell- 
 ing the balance of the public lands at forty cents per acre. 
 To carry the Land Laws into effect, the Legislature sent 
 four Virginians westward to attend to the various claims 
 over many of which great confusion prevailed concerning 
 their validity vote.* These gentlemen opened their court on 
 October, 13, 1779, at St. Asaphs, and continued until April 
 26, 1780, when they adjourned, having decided three thou- 
 sand clai ms. They were succeeded by the surveyor, — George 
 May, who assumed the duties on the 10th day of the month 
 whose name he bore. With the opening of the next year 
 (1781) the troubles concerning the navigation of the Missis- 
 sippi commenced. The Government of Spain exacted such 
 measures in rt lation to its trade as to cause the overtures 
 made to the United States to be rejected. The American 
 Government considered they had a right to navigate its 
 channel. To enforce their claims, a fort was erected below 
 the mouth of the Ohio on the Kentucky side of the river, f 
 
 • Butler's Kentucky. 
 
 t American State Papers. 
 
 The settlements in Kentucky were being rapidly filled by 
 emigrants. It was during this year that the first seminary 
 of learning was established in the West in this young and 
 enterprising commonwealth. 
 
 The settlers did not look upon the building of the fort in 
 a friendly manner as it aroused the hostility of the Indians. 
 Spain had been friendly to the colonies during their struggle 
 for independence, and though for a while this friendship ap- 
 peared in danger from the refusal of the free navigation of 
 the river, yet it was finally settled to the satisfaction of both 
 nations. The winter of 1779-80 was one of the most unusu- 
 ally severe ones ever experienced in the West. The Indians 
 always refered to it as the " Great Cold." Numbers of wild 
 animals perished, and not a few pioneers lost their lives. 
 The following summer a party of Canadians and Indians, 
 attacked St. Louis, and attempted to take possesion of it in 
 consequence of the friendly disposition of Spain to the revolt- 
 ing colonies. They met with such a determined resistance 
 on the part of the inhabitants, even the women taking part 
 in the battle, that they were compelled to abandon the con- 
 test. They also made an attack on the settlements in Ken- 
 tucky, but, becoming alarmed in some unaccountable man- 
 ner, they fled the country in great haste. About thU time 
 arose the question in the Colonial Congress concerning the 
 western lands claimed by Virginia, New York, Massachu- 
 setts and Connecticut. The agitation concerning this sub- 
 ject finally led New York, on the 19th of February, 1730, to 
 pass a law giving to the delegates of that State in Congress 
 the power to cede her western lands for the benefit of the 
 United States. This law was laid before Congress during 
 the next month, but no steps were taken concerning it until 
 September 6th, when a resolution passed that body calling 
 upon the states claiming western lands to release their claims 
 in favor of the whole body. This basis formed the Union, 
 and was the first after all of those legislative measures, 
 which resulted in the creation of the States of Ohio, Indiana, 
 Illinois,Michigan,Wisconsin and Minnesota In December of 
 the same year, the plan of conquering Detroit again arose. The 
 conquest might easily have been effected by Clark, had the 
 necessary aid been furnished him. Nothing decisive was ' 
 done, yet the heads of the Government knew that the safety 
 of the North-West from British invasion lay in the capture 
 and retention of that important post, the only unconquered 
 one in the territory. 
 
 Before the close of the year, Kentucky was divided into 
 the counties of Lincoln, Fayette, and Jefferson, and the act 
 establishirg the town of Louisville was passed. Virginia in 
 accordance with the resolution of Congress, on the 2d day 
 of January, 1781, agreed to yield her western lands to the 
 United States upon certain conditions, which Congress would 
 not accede to,* and the Act of Cession, on the part of the Old 
 Dominion, failed, nor was anything farther done until 1783. 
 During all that time the colonies were busily engaged in the 
 struggle with the mother country, and in consequence thereof 
 but little heed was given to the western settlements. Upon 
 the 16th of April, 1781, the first birth north of the Ohio 
 River of American parentage occurred, being that of Mary 
 
 * American State Tapers.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 21 
 
 Heekewelder, daughter of the widely known Moravian Mis- 
 sionary, whose band of Christian Indians suffered in after 
 years a horrible massacre by the hands of the frontier settlers, 
 who had been exasperated by the murder of several of their 
 neighbors, and in their rage committed, without regard to 
 humanity, a deed which forever afterwards cast a shade of 
 shame upon their lives. For this and kindred outrages on 
 the part of the whites, the Indians committed many deeds of 
 cruelty which darken the years of 1781 and 1782 in the his- 
 tory of the North-west. During the year 1782 a number of 
 battles among the Indians and frontiersmen occurred, and 
 between the Moravian Indians and the Wyandots. In these, 
 horrible acts of cruelty were practiced on the captives, many 
 of such dark deeds transpiring under the leadership of fron- 
 tier outlaws. These occurred chiefly in the Ohio Valleys. 
 Contemporary with them were several engagements in Ken- 
 tucky, in which the famous Daniel Boone engaged, and who, 
 often by his skill and knowledge of Indian warfare, saved 
 the outposts from cruel destruction. By the close of the 
 year victory had perched upon the American banner, 
 and on the 30th of November, provisional articles of 
 peace had been arranged between the Commissioners of 
 England and her unconquerable colonies ; Cornwallis had 
 been defeated on the 19th of October preceding, and the lib- 
 erty of America was assured. On the 19th of April follow- 
 ing, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, peace was 
 proclaimed to the Army of the United States, and on the 3d 
 of the next September, the definite treaty which ended our 
 revolutionary struggle was concluded. By the terms of that 
 treaty, the boundaries of the West were a? follows : On the 
 north the line was to extend along the centre of the Great 
 Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long 
 Lake, thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of 
 the Mississippi River; down its center to the 31st parallel of 
 latitude, then on that line east to the head of the Appalach- 
 icola River ; down its center to its junction with the Flint ; 
 thence straight to the head of St. Mary's River, and thenca 
 down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. 
 
 Following the cessation of hostilities with England, several 
 posts were still occupied by the British in the North and 
 West. Among these was Detroit, still in the hands of the 
 enemy. Numerous engagements with the Indians through- 
 out Ohio and Indiana occurred, upon wh' se lands adventur- 
 ous whites would settle ere the title had been acquired by the 
 proper treaty. To remedy this evil, Congress appointed 
 Commissioners to treat with the natives and purchase their 
 lands, and prohibited the settlement of the territory until 
 this could be done. Before the close of the year another 
 attempt was made to capture Detroit, which was, however, 
 not pushed, and Virginia, no longer feeling the interest in 
 the North-west she had formerly done, withdrew her troops, 
 having on the 20th of December preceding, authorized the 
 whole of her possessions to be deeded to the United States. 
 This was done on the 1st of March following, and the North- 
 west Territory passed from the control of the Old Dominion. 
 To General Clark and his soldiers, however, she gave a tract 
 of one hundred and fifty thousand acres of land, to be situ- 
 ated anywhere north of the Ohio wherever they chose to 
 
 locate them. They selected the region opposite the falls of 
 the Ohio, where is now the village of Clarksville, about mid- 
 way between the cities of New Albany and Jeffersonville, 
 Indiana. 
 
 While the frontier remained thus, and General Haldi- 
 mand at Detroit refused to evacuate, alleging that he had no 
 orders from his king to do so, settlers were rapidly gather- 
 ing about the inland forts. In the spring of 1784, Pittsburg 
 was regularly laid out, and from the journal of Arthur Lee, 
 who passed through the town soon after on his way to the 
 Indian council at Fort Mcintosh, we suppose it was not very 
 prepossessing in appearance. He says, " Pittsburg is in- 
 habited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who live in paltry 
 log houses, and are as dirty as if in the North of Ireland, or 
 even Scotland. There is a great deal of trade carried on, 
 the goods being brought at the vast expense of forty-five 
 shillings per hundred lbs. from Philadelphia and Baltimore. 
 They take in the shops flour, wheat, skins and money. There 
 are in the town, four attorneys, two doctors, and not a priest 
 of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel." 
 
 Kentucky at this time contained thirty thousand inhabi- 
 tants, and was beginning to discuss measures for a separation 
 from Virginia. A land office was opened at Louisville, and 
 measures were adopted to take defensive precaution against 
 the Indians, who were yet, in some instances, incited to deeds 
 of violence by the British. Before the close of this year, 
 1784, the military claimants of land began to occupy them, 
 although no entries were recorded until 1787. The Indian 
 title to the Northwest was not yet extinguished, they held 
 large tracts of lands, and in order to prevent bloodshed Con- 
 gress adopted means for treaties with the original owners 
 and provided for the surveys of the lands gained thereby, as 
 well as for those north of the Ohio, now in its possession. 
 On January 31, 1786, a treaty was made with the Wabash 
 Indians. The treaty of Fort Stanwix had been made in 
 1781, that at Fort Mcintosh in 1785, and through these 
 vast tracts of land were gained. The Wabash Indians, how- 
 ever, afterwards refused to comply with the provisions of 
 the treaty made with them, and in order to compel their 
 adherence to its provisions, force was used. 
 
 During the year 1786, the free navigation of the Mis- 
 sissippi came up in Congress, and caused various discussions, 
 which resulted in no definite action, only serving to excite 
 speculation in regard to the Western lands. Congress had 
 promised bounties of land to the soldiers of the Revolution, 
 but owing to the unsettled condition of affairs along the 
 Mississippi respecting its navigation, and the trade of the 
 Northwest, that body, had in 1783 declared its inability to 
 fulfill these promises until a treaty could be concluded be- 
 tween the two governments. Before the close of the year, 
 1786, however, it was able, through the treaties with the 
 Indians, to allow some grants and settlements thereon, and 
 on the 14th of September Connecticut ceded to the general 
 government the tract of land known as the '' Connecticut 
 Reserve," and before the close of the year a large tract of 
 land was sold to a company, who at once took measures to 
 settle it. By the provisions of this grant, the company were to 
 pay the United States one dollar per acre, subject to a de- 
 
 21
 
 •22 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 duction of one-third for bad lands and other contingencies, 
 they received 750,000 acres bounded on the south by the 
 Ohio, on the east by the Seventh range of townships, on the 
 west by the Sixteenth range, and on the north by a line so 
 drawn as to make the grant complete without the reservation. 
 In addition to this Congress afterward granted 100,000 acres 
 to actual settlers, and 214,285 acres as army bounties under 
 the resolutions of 1789 and 1790. While Dr. Cutler, one of 
 the agents of the company, was pressing its claims before 
 Congress, that body was bringing into form an ordinance 
 for the political and social organization of this Territory. 
 When the cession was made by Virginia, 1784, a plan was 
 offered, but rejected. A motion had been made to strike from 
 the proposed plan the prohibition of slavery, which prevail- 
 ed. The plan was then discussed and altered, and finally 
 passed unanimously, with the exception of South Carolina. 
 By this proposition the Territory was to have been divided 
 into ten States by parallels and meridian lines. There were, 
 however, serious objections to this plan ; the root of the diffi- 
 culty was in the resolution of Congress passed in October, 
 17S0, which fixed the boundaries of the ceded lands to be 
 from one hundred to one hundred and fifty miles square. 
 These resolutions being presented to the Legislatures of Vir- 
 ginia and Massachusetts they desired a change, and in July 
 1786, the subject was taken up in Congress and changed to 
 favor a division into not more than five States, and not less 
 than three ; this was approved by the Legislature of Virginia. 
 The subject was again taken up by Congress in 17S6, and 
 discussed throughout that year, and until July 1787 when 
 the famous " compact of 1787 " was passed, and the founda- 
 tion of the government of the Northwest laid. This compact 
 is fully discussed and explained in the sketch on Illinois in 
 this book, and to it the reader is referred. The passage of this 
 act and the grant to the New England Company was soon 
 followed by an application to the Government by John Cleves 
 Symmes, of New Jersey, for a grant of land between the 
 Miamis. This gentleman had visited these lands soon after 
 the treaty of 1786, and being greatly pleased with them, 
 offered similar terms to those given to the New England 
 Company. The petition was referred to the Treasury Board 
 with power to act, and a contract was concluded the follow- 
 ing year. During the autumn the directors of the New 
 England Company were preparing to occupy their grant 
 the following spring, and upon the 23d of November made 
 arrangements for a party of forty-seven men, under the 
 superintendency of General Rufus Putnam, to set forward. 
 Six boat-builders were to leave at once, and on the first of 
 January the surveyors and their assistant 3 , twenty-six in 
 number, were to meet at Hartford and proceed on their 
 journey westward, the remainder to follow as soon as possi- 
 ble. Congress in the meantime, upon the 3d of October, 
 had ordered seven hundred troops for defense of the western 
 settlers, and to prevent unauthorized intrusions, and two 
 days later appointed Arthur St Clair Governor of the Ter- 
 ritory of the Northwest 
 
 AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The civil organization of the Northwest Territory was 
 
 now complete, and notwithstanding the uncertainty of In- 
 
 ■ 
 
 dian affairs, settlers from the east began to come into the 
 country rapidly. The New England Company sent their 
 men during the winter of 1787-8, pressing on over the Alle- 
 ghenies by the old Indian path which had been opened into 
 Braddock's road, and which has since been made a national 
 turnpike from Cumberland, westward. Through the weary 
 winter days they toiled on, and by April were all gathered 
 on the Youghiogheny, where boats had been built and a 
 once started for the Muskingum. Here they arrived on the 
 7th of that month, and unless the Moravian missionaries be 
 regarded as the pioneers of Ohio, this little band can justly 
 claim that honor. 
 
 General St Clair, the appointed Governor of the North 
 west not having yet arrived, a set of laws were passed, writ- 
 ten out and published by being nailed to a tree in the 
 embryo town, and Jonathan Meigs appointed to administer 
 them. Washington in writing of this, the first American 
 settlement in the Northwest said : " No colony in America 
 was ever settled under such favorable au spices as that which 
 has just commenced at Muskingum. I know many of its set- 
 tlers personally, and there were never men better calculated 
 to promote the welfare of such a community." On the 2d 
 of July a meeting of the directors and agents was held on 
 the banks of the Muskingum, "for the purpose of naming 
 the new born city and its squares." As yet the settlement 
 was known as the " Muskingum," but was afterwards changed 
 to the name, Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette. 
 Two days after, an oration was delivered by James M. Var- 
 num, who with S. H. Parsons and John Armstrong had been 
 appointed to the judicial bench of the territory on the ICth 
 of October 1787. On July 9, Governor St. Clair arrived 
 and the colony began to assume form. The act of 1787 pro- 
 vided two distinct grades of government for the Northwest, 
 under the first of which the whole power was invested in tho 
 hands of a governor and three district judges. This was 
 immediately formed on the governor's arrival, and the first 
 laws of the colony passed on the 25th of July : these provid* 
 ed for the organization of the militia, and on the next day 
 appeared the Governor's proclamation, erecting all that 
 country that had been ceded by the Indians east of the 
 Scioto River into the county of Washington. From that 
 time forward, notwithstanding the doubts yet existing as to 
 the Indians, all Marietta prospered, and on the second of 
 September the first court was held with imposing ceremonies. 
 
 The emigration westward at this time was very great. 
 The commander at Fort Harmer, at the mouth of the Musk- 
 ingum reported four thousand five hundred persons as having 
 passed that post between February and June 17S8, many of 
 whom would have purchased of the " Associates," as the 
 New England Company was called, had they been ready to 
 receive them. On the 26th of November 1787 Symmes 
 issued a pamphlet stating the terms of his contract and the 
 plan of sale he intended to adopt In January 1 788, Mat- 
 thias Denman, of New Jersey, took an active interest in 
 Symmes' purchase, and located among other tracts the sec- 
 tions upon which Cincinnati has been built Retaining one- 
 third of this locality, he sold Ihe other two-thirds to Robert 
 Patterson and John Filson, and the three about August
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND -BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 23 
 
 commenced to lay out a town on the spot, which was desig- 
 nated as being Licking River, to the mouth of which they 
 proposed to have a road cut from Lexington ; these settle- 
 ments* prospered but suffered greatly from the flood of 1789. 
 On the 4th of March 1789, the Constitution of the United 
 States went into operation, and on April 30th, George 
 Washington was inaugurated President, and during the next 
 summer an Indian war was commenced by the tribes north 
 of the Ohio. The President at first used pacific means, but 
 these failing, he sent General Harmer against the hostile 
 tribes. He destroyed several villages, but was defeated in 
 two battles, near the present city of Fort Wayne, Indiana. 
 From this time till the close of 1795, the principal events 
 were the wars with the various Indian tribes. In 1796, 
 General St. Clair was appointed in command, and marched 
 against the Indians ; but while he was encamped on a stream, 
 the St Mary, a branch of the Maumee, he was attacked and 
 defeated with a loss of six hundred men. General Wayne 
 was then sent against the savages. In August, 1794, he met 
 them near the rapids of the Maumee, and gained a compltte 
 victory. This success, followed by vigorous measures, com- 
 pelled the Indians to sue for peace, and on the 30th of July, 
 the following year, the treaty of Greenville was signed by 
 the principal chiefs, by which a large tract of country was 
 ceded to the United States. Before proceeding in our nar- 
 rative, we will pause to notice Fort Washington, erected in 
 the early part of this war on the site of Cincinnati. Nearly 
 all the great cities of the North-west, and indeed of the whole 
 country, have had their nuclei in those rude pioneer struc- 
 tures, known as forts or stockades. Thus Forts Dearborn, 
 Washington, Ponchartrain, mark the original sites of the 
 now proud cities of Chicago, Cincinnati and Detroit. So of 
 most of the flourishing cities east and west of the Mississippi. 
 Fort Washington, erected by Doughty in 1790, was a rude 
 but highly interesting structure. It was composed of a num- 
 ber of strong'y-built hewed log cabins. Those designed for 
 soldiers' barracks were a story and a half high, while those 
 composing the officers' quarters were more imposing and more 
 conveniently arranged and furnished. The whole was so 
 placed as to form a hollow square, enclosing about an acre 
 of ground, with a block house at each of the four angles. 
 Fort Washington was for some time the headquarters of both 
 the Civil and Military governments of the North-western 
 Territory. Following the consummation of the treaty vari- 
 ous gigantic land speculations were entered into by different 
 persons* who hoped to obtain from the Indians in Michigan 
 and northern Indiana, large tracts of lands. These were 
 generally discovered in time to prevent the schemes from 
 being carried out, and from involving the settlers in war. 
 On October 27, 1795, the treaty between the United States 
 and Spain was signed, whereby the free navigation of the 
 Mississippi wa3 secured. No sooner had the treaty of 1795 
 been ratified than settlers began to pour rapidly into the 
 west. The great event of the year 1796, was the occupa'ion 
 of that part of the North-west including Michigan, which 
 was this year, under the provisions of the treaty, evacuated 
 by the British forces. The United States owing to certain 
 conditions, did not feel justified in addressing the authorities 
 
 in Canada in relation to Detroit and other frontier posts. 
 When at last the British authorities were called upon to give 
 them up, they at once complied, and General Wayne who 
 had done so much to preserve the frontier settlements, and 
 who before the year's close, sickened and died near Erie, 
 transferred his headquarters to the neighborhood of the lakes, 
 where a county named after him was formed, which included 
 the north-west of Ohio, all of Michigan, and the north-east 
 of Indiana. During this same year settlements were formed 
 at the present city of Chillicothe, along the Miami from 
 Middleto^vn to Piqua, while in the more distant West, settlers 
 and speculators began to appear in great numbers. In Sep- 
 tember the city of Cleveland was laid out, and during the 
 summer and autumn, Samuel Jackson and Jonathan Sharp- 
 less, erected the first manufactory of paper — the " Redstone 
 Paper Mills" — in the West. St. Louis contained some 
 seventy houses, and Detroit over three hundred, and along 
 the river, contiguous to it, were more than three thousand 
 inhabitants, mostly French Canadians, Indians and half- 
 breeds, scarcely any Americans venturing yet into that part 
 of the North-west. The election of representatives for the 
 territory had taken place, and on the 4th of February, 1799, 
 they convened at Losantiville — now known as Cincinnati, 
 having been named so by Gov. St. Clair, and considered the 
 capital of the territory, — to nominate persons from whom the 
 members of the Legislature were to be chosen in accordance 
 with a previous ordinance. This nomination being made, 
 the Assembly adjourned until the 16. h of the following Sep- 
 tember. From those named the President selected as mem- 
 bers of the council, Henry Vandenburg, of Viucennes, Robert 
 Oliver, of Marietta, James Findley, and Jacob Burnett, of 
 Cincinnati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. On the 16th 
 of September, the Territorial Legislature met, and on the 
 24th, the two houses were duly organized, Henry Vanden- 
 burg being elected President of the Council. The message 
 of Gov. St. Clair, was addressed to the Legislature Septem- 
 ber 20th, and on October 13th, that body elected as a dele- 
 gate to Congress, General Wm. Henry Harrison, who re- 
 ceived eleven of the votes cast, being a majority of one over 
 his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of General St. Clair. 
 The whole number of acts passed at this session and approved 
 by the Governor, were thirty-seven — eleven others were 
 passed but received his veto. The most important of those 
 passed related to the militia, to the administration, and to 
 taxation. On the 19th of December this protracted session 
 of the first Legislature in the West closed, and on the 30th 
 of December the President nominated Charles Willing By id, 
 to the office of secretary of the Territory, vice Wm. Henry 
 Harrison, elected to Congress. The Senate confirmed his 
 nomination the next day. 
 
 DIVISION OF THE NORTH-WEST TERRITORY. 
 
 The increased emigration to the north-west, and extent of 
 the domain, made it very difficult to conduct the ordinary 
 operations of government, and rendered the efficient action 
 of courts almost impossible ; to remedy this it was deemed 
 advisable to divide the territory for civil purposes. Con- 
 
 23
 
 24 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 gress, in 1800, appointed a committee to examine the ques- 
 tion and report some means for iu solution. 
 
 This committee on the 3d of March reported : " In the 
 ■western countries there had been but one court having cog- 
 nizance of crimes, iu five years, and the immunity which 
 offenders experience attracts, as to an asylum, the most vile 
 and abandoned criminals, and at the same time deters useful 
 citizens from making settlements in. such society. The 
 extreme necessity of judiciary attention and assistance is 
 experienced in civil as well as in criminal cases. * * * * 
 To remedy this evil it is expedient to the committfe that a 
 division of said territory into, two distinct and separate 
 governments should be made, and that such division be 
 made by beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami river, 
 running directly north until it intersects the boundary 
 between the United States and Canada." 
 
 The report was accepted by Congress, and, in accordance 
 ■with its suggestions, that body passed an act extinguishing 
 the north-west territory, which act was approved May 7th. 
 Among its provisions were these: 
 
 " That from and after July 4 next all that part of -the 
 territory of the United States north-west of the Ohio river, 
 which lies to the westward of a line beginning at a point 
 opposite the mouth of the Kentucky river, and running 
 thence to Fort Recovery, and thence North until it shall 
 intersect the territorial line between the United States and 
 Canada, shall for the purpose of temporary government, 
 constitute a separate territory and be called the Indian 
 Territory." 
 
 Gen. Harrison (afterwards President), was appointed 
 governor of the Indiana Territory, and during his residence 
 at Vincennes, he made several important treaties with the 
 Indians, thereby gaining large tracts of land. The next 
 year is memorable in the history of the west for the purchase 
 of Louisiana from France by the United States for $15,000,- 
 000. Thus by a peaceful manner the domain of the United 
 States was extended over a large tract of country west of 
 the Mississippi, and was for a time under the jurisdiction of 
 the north-western government. The next year Gen. Harri- 
 son obtained additi nal grants of land from the various 
 Indian nations in Indiana and the present limits of Illinois, 
 and on the 18th of August, 1804, completed a treaty at St. 
 Louis, whereby over 51,000,000 acres of land were obtained. 
 
 During this year, Congress granted a township of land 
 for the support of a college and began to offer inducements 
 for settlers in these wilds, and the country now comprising 
 the state of Michigan began to fill rapidly with settlers 
 along its southern borders. This same year a law was 
 passed organizing the south-west territory, dividing it into 
 two portions, — the territory of New Orleans, which city was 
 made the seat of government, and the district of Louisiana, 
 which was annexed to the domain by General Harrison. 
 
 On the 11th of January, 1805, the territory of Michigan 
 was formed, and Win. Hull appointed governor, with head- 
 quarters at Detroit, the change to take effect Jun9 30th. 
 On the 11th of that month, a fire occurred at Detroit, which 
 d stroyed most every building in the place. When the 
 officers of the new territory reached the post, thev found it 
 
 "in ruins, and the inhabitants scattered throughout the coun- 
 try. Rebuilding, however, was commenced at once. While 
 this was being done, Indiana passed to the second grade of 
 government. In 1809, Indiana territory was divided, and 
 the territory of Illinois was formed, the seat of government 
 being fixed at Kaskaskia, and through her General Assem- 
 bly had obtained large tracts of land from the Indian tribes. 
 To all this the celebrated Indian Tecumthe, or Tecumseh, 
 vigorously protested,* and it was the main cause of his 
 attempts to unite the various Indian tribes in a conflict with 
 the settlers. He visited the principal tribes, and succeeded 
 in forming an alliance with most of the tribes, and then 
 joined the cause of the British in the memorable war of 1812. 
 Tecumseh was killed at the battle of the Thames. Tecum- 
 seh was, in many respects, a noble character, — frank and 
 honest iu his intercourse with General Harrison and the 
 settlers ; in war, brave and chivalrous. His treatment of 
 prisoners was humane. In the summer of 1812, Perry's vic- 
 tory on Lake Erie occurred, and shortly after, active pre- 
 parations were made to capture Fort Maiden. On the 27th 
 of September, the American army under command of 
 General Harrison, set sail for the shores of Canada, and, in 
 a few hours, stood around the ruins of Maiden, from which 
 the British army under Proctor had retreated to Sandwich, 
 intending to make its way to the heart of Canada by the 
 valley of the Thames. On the 29th, General Harrison was 
 at Sandwich, and General McArthur took possession of 
 Detroit and the territory of Michigan. On the 2d of Octo- 
 ber following, the American army began their pursuit of 
 Proctor, whom they overtook on the 5th, and the battle of 
 the Thames followed. The victory wa3 decisive, and practi- 
 cally closed the war in the north-west. In 1806, occurred 
 Burr's insurrection. He took possession of an island in the 
 Ohio, and was charged with treasonable intentions against 
 the Federal government. His capture was effected by 
 General Wilkinson, acting under instruction of President 
 Jefferson. Burr was brought to trial on a charge of treason, 
 and, after a prolonged trial, during which he defended him- 
 self with great ability, he was acquitted of the charge of 
 treason. His subsequent career was obscure, and he died 
 in 1836. Had his scheme succeeded, it would be interesting 
 to know what effect it would have had on the north-we tern 
 territory. The battle of the Thames was fought October 
 6th, 1813. It effectually closed hostilities in the north-west, 
 although peace was not restored until July 22d, 1814, when 
 a treaty was made at Greenville, by General Harrison, be- 
 tween the United States and the Indian tribes. On the 24th 
 of December, the treaty of Ghent was signed by the repre- 
 sentatives of England and the United States. This treaty 
 was followed the next year by treaties with various Indian 
 tribes throughout the north-west, and quiet was again 
 restored. 
 
 PRESENT CONDITION OF THE NORTH-WEST. 
 
 In former chapters we have traced briefly the discoveries, 
 settlements, wars, and most important events which have 
 occurred in the large area of country denominated the 
 
 * American State Papers
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 25 
 
 north-west, and we now turn to the contemplation of its 
 growth and prosperity. Its people are among the most 
 intelligent and enterprising in the Union. The population 
 is steadily increasing, the arts and sciences are gaining a 
 stronger foothold, the trade area of the region is becoming 
 daily more extended, and we have been largely exempt from 
 the financial calamities which have nearly wrecked com 
 munitSes on the seaboard, dependent wholly on foreign com- 
 merce or domestic manufacture. Agriculture is the leading 
 feature in our industries. This vast domain has a sort of 
 natural geographical border, save where it melts away to 
 the southward in the cattle- raising districts of the south- 
 west. The leading interests will be the growth of the food 
 of the world, in which branch it has already outstripped all 
 competitors, and our great rival will, be the fertile fields of 
 Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Texas a"nd New Mexico. 
 
 To attempt to give statistics of grain productions for 1880 
 would require more space than our work would permit of. 
 Manufacturing has now attained in the chief cities a foot- 
 hold that bids fair to render the north-west independent of 
 the outside world. Nearly our whole region has a distribu- 
 tion of coal measure which will in time support the manu- 
 factures necessary to our comfort and prosperity. As to 
 transportation, the chief factor in the production of all articles 
 except food, no section is so magnificently endowed, and 
 our facilities are yearly increasing beyond those of any 
 other region. 
 
 The principal tradeand manufacturing centres of the great 
 north-west are Chicago, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, 
 Detroit, Cleveland and Toledo, with any number of minor 
 cities and towns doing a large and growing business. The 
 intelligence and enterprise of its people ; the great wealth of 
 its soil and minerals ; its vast inland seas and navigable 
 rivsrs; its magnificent railroad system ; its patriotism and 
 love of country will render it ever loyal in the future as in 
 the past. Thepeople of the Mississippi Valley are the key- 
 stone of the national union and national prosperity. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 EGINNING the history of this great State 
 
 we direct attention briefly to the discovery 
 
 and exploration of the Mississippi. Hernando 
 
 De Soto, cutting his way through the wildcr- 
 
 , Jj ness from Florida, had discovered the Missis- 
 
 •^fpCy f \ S 'PP* * n tne y ear 1542. Wasted with disease 
 ^- J -v. " and privation, he only reached the stream 
 J J to die upon its banks, and the remains of 
 
 the ambitious and iron-willed Spaniard found 
 a fitting resting-place beneath the waters of the great river. 
 The chief incitement to Spanish discoveries in America was 
 a thirst for gold and treasure. The discovery and settle- 
 ment of the Mississippi Valley on the part of the French 
 
 must, on the other hand, be ascribed to religious zeal. 
 Jesuit missionaries, from the French settlements on the St. 
 Lawrence, early penetrated to the region of Lake Huron. 
 It was from the tribes of Indians living in the West, that 
 intelligence came of a noble river flowing south. Marquette, 
 who had visited the Chippewas in 1G68, and established 
 the mission of Sault Ste. Marie, now the oldest settlement 
 within the present commonwealth of Michigan, formed the 
 purpose of its exploration. 
 
 The following year he moved to La Poiute, in Lake 
 Superior, where he instructed a branch of the Hurons till 
 1G70, when he removed south and founded the mission at 
 St. Ignace, on the Straits of Mackinaw. In company with 
 Joliet, a fur-trader of Quebec, who had been designated by 
 M. Talon, Intendent of Canada, as chieftain of the explor- 
 ing party, and five French voyageurs, Marquette, on the 
 10th of June, 1G73, set out on the expedition. Crossing 
 the water-shed dividing the Fox from the Wisconsin rivers, 
 their two canoes were soon launched on the waters of the 
 latter. Seven days after, on the 17th of June, they joy- 
 fully entered the broad current of the Mississippi. Stopping 
 six days on the western bank, near the mouth of the Des 
 Moines River, to enjoy the hospitalities of the Illinois 
 Indians, the voyage was resumed, and after passing the 
 perpendicular rocks above Alton, on whose lofty limestone 
 front were painted frightful representations of monsters, 
 they suddenly came upon the mouth of the Missouri, known 
 by its Algonquin name of Pekitanoni, whose swift and 
 turbid current threatened to engulf their frail canoes. The 
 site of St. Louis was an unbroken forest, and further down 
 the fertile plain bordering the river reposed in peaceful 
 solitude, as, early in July, the adventurers glided past it. 
 They continued their voyage to a point some distance below 
 the mouth of the Arkansas, and then retraced their course 
 up the river, arriving at their Jesuit Mission at the head of 
 Green Bay, late in September. 
 
 Robert Cavalier de La Salle, whose illustrious name is 
 more intimately connected with the exploration of the 
 Mississippi than that of any other, was the next to descend 
 the river, in the early part of the year 1682. La Salle was a 
 man of remarkable genius, possessing the power of originating 
 the vastest schemes, and endowed with a will and abridgment 
 capable of carrying them to successful results. Had ample 
 facilities been placed by the king of France at his disposal, 
 the result of the "colonization of this continent might have 
 been far different from what we now behold. He was born 
 in Rouen, France, in 1G43, of wealthy parentage, but ho 
 renounced his patrimony on entering a college of the Jesuits 
 from which he separated and came to Canada a poor man 
 in 1666. The priests of St. Sulpice, among whom he had a 
 brother, were then the proprietors of Montreal, the nucleus 
 of which was a seminary or convent founded by that order. 
 The Superior granted to La Salle a large tract of land at 
 La Chine, where he established himself in the fur trade. 
 He was a man of daring genius, and outstripped all his 
 competitors in exploits of travel and commerce with the 
 Indians. In 1669 he visited the headquarters of the great 
 Iroquois Confederacy, at Onondaga, in the heart of New 
 
 25
 
 26 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 York, and obtaining guides, explored the Ohio River to the 
 falls at Louisville. 
 
 In order to understand the intrepid genius of La Salle, 
 it niUft be remembered that for many years prior to his 
 time the missionaries and traders were obliged to make their 
 way to the North west by the Ottaway River (of Canada), 
 on account of the fierce hostility of the Iroquois along the 
 lower lakes and Niagara River, which entirely closed this 
 latter route to the Upper Lakes. They carried on their 
 commerce chiefly by canvas, paddling them through the 
 Ottaway to Lake Nipissing, carrying them across the port- 
 age to French River, and descending that to Lake Huron. 
 This being the route by which they reached the North-west, 
 accounts for the fact that all the earliest Jesuit missions 
 were established in the neighborhood of the Upper Lakes- 
 La Salle conceived the grand idea of opening the route by 
 Niagara River and the Lower Lakes to Canadian commerce 
 by sail vessels, connecting it with the navigation of the 
 Mississippi, and thus opening a magnificent water communi- 
 cation from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. 
 This truly grand and comprehensive purpose seems to 
 have animated him in all his wonderful achievements and 
 the matchless difficulties and hardships he surmounted. 
 
 As the first step in the accomplishment of this object he 
 established himself on Lake Ontario, and built and gar- 
 risoned Fort Frontenac, the site of the present city of 
 Kingston, Canada. Here he obtained a grant of land from 
 the French crown and a body of troops by which he beat 
 back the invading Iroquois and cleared the passage to 
 Niagara Falls. Having by this masterly stroke made it 
 safe to attempt a hitherto untried expedition, his next step 
 as we have seen, was to advance to the falls with all his 
 outfit for building a ship with which to sail the lakes. He 
 was successful in this undertaking, though his ultimate pur- 
 pose was defeated by a strange combination of untoward 
 circumstances. The Jesuits evidently hated La Salle and 
 plotted against him, because he had abandoned them and 
 co-operated with a rival order. The fur traders were also 
 jealous of his superior success in opening new channels of 
 commerce. At La Chine he had taken the trade of Lake 
 Ontario, w,hich but for his presence there would have gone 
 to Quebec. While they were plodding with their bark 
 canoes through the Ottaway he was constructing vessels to 
 command the trade of the lakes and the Mississippi. These 
 great plans excited the jealousy and envy of the small 
 traders, introduced treason and revolt into the ranks of his 
 own companions, and finally led to the foul assassination by 
 which his great achievements were prematurely ended. In 
 1C82, La Salle, having completed his vessel at Peoria, 
 descended the Mississippi to its confluence with the Gulf of 
 Mexico. At its mouth he erected a column, and decorating 
 it with the arms of France, placed upon it the following 
 inscription : 
 
 LOUIS LE GRAND, KOI DE FRANCE ET DE NAVARRE REGNE ; 
 LE XEUVIEME AVIUL, 1G82. 
 
 Thus France, by right of discovery, lay claim to the 
 Mississippi Valley, the fairest portion of the globe, an 
 
 empire in extent, stretching from the Gulf to the Lakes, 
 and from the farthest sources of the Ohio to where the head 
 waters of the Missouri are lost in the wild solitudes of the 
 Rocky Mountains. La Salle bestowed upon the territory 
 the name of Louisiana, in honor of the King of France, 
 Louis XIV. 
 
 The assertion has been made that on La Salle's return up 
 the river, in the summer of 1682, a portion of the party 
 were left behind, who founded the village of Kaskaskia and 
 Cahokia, but the statement rests on no substantial foun- 
 dation. 
 
 THE FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN ILLINOIS. 
 
 The gentle and pious Marquette, devoted to his purpose 
 of carrying the gospel to the Indians, had established a 
 mission among the Illinois, in 1675, at their principal town 
 on the river which still bear stheir name. This was at the 
 present town of Utica, in La Salle County. In the presence 
 of the whole tribe, by whom, it is recorded, he was received 
 as a celestial visitor, he displayed the sacred pictures of the 
 Virgin Mary, raised an altar, and said mass. On Easter 
 Sunday, after celebrating the mystery of the Eucharist, he 
 took possession of the land in the name of the Saviour of 
 the world, and founded the "Mission of the Immaculate 
 Conception." The town was called Kaskaskia, a name 
 afterwards transferred to another locality. The founding 
 of this mission was the last act of Marquette's life. He 
 died in Michigan, on his way back to Green Bay, May 18, 
 1675. 
 
 La Salle, while making preparations to descend the 
 Mississippi, built a fort, on the Illinois River, below the 
 Lake of Peoria, in February, 1680, and in commemoration 
 of his misfortunes, bestowed upon it the name of Crcvecceur, 
 " broken-hearted." Traces of its embankments are yet dis- 
 cernible. This was the first military occupation of Illinois. 
 There is no evidence, however, that settlement was begun 
 there at that early date. 
 
 On La Salle's return from this exploration of the Missis- 
 sippi, in 1682, he fortified " Starved Rock," whose military 
 advantages had previously attracted his attention. From 
 its summit, which rises 125 feet above the waters of the 
 river, the valley of the Illinois speeds out before the eye in 
 landscape of rarest beauty. From three sides it is inacces- 
 sible. This stronghold received the name of the Fort of 
 St. Louis. Twenty thousand allied Indians gathered round 
 it on the fertile plains. The fort seems to have been aban- 
 doned soon after the year 1 700. 
 
 Marquette's mission (1675), Creveceeur (1680), and the 
 Fort of St. Louij (1682), embrace, so far, all the attempts 
 made towards effecting anything like a permanent settle- 
 ment in the Illinois country. Of the second few traces 
 remain. A line of fortifications may be faintly traced, and 
 that is all. The seed of civilization planted by the Jesuit, 
 Marquette, among the Illinois Indians, was destined to pro- 
 duce more enduring fruit. It was the germ of Kaskaskia, 
 during the succeeding years of the French occupation— the 
 metropolis of the Mississippi Valley. The southern Kas- 
 kaskia is merely the northern one transplanted. The 
 Mission of the Immaculate Conception is the tame.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 27 
 
 FOUNDING OF KASKASKIA. 
 
 On the death of Marquette, he was succeeded by Alloiicz, 
 and he by Father Gravier, who respectively had charge of 
 the Mission on the Illinois River Gravier is said to have 
 been the first to reduce the principles of the Illinois lan- 
 guage to rules. It was also he who succeeded in trans- 
 ferring Marquette's Mission from the banks of the Illinois 
 south to the spot where stands the modern town of Kas- 
 kaskia, and where it was destined to endure. The exact 
 date is not known, but the removal was accomplished some 
 time prior to the year 1685, though probably not earlier 
 than 1082. 
 
 Father Gravier was subsequently recalled to Mackinaw, 
 and his place was supplied by Bineteau and Pinet. Pinet 
 proved an eloquent and successful minister, and his chapel 
 was often insufficient to hold the crowds of savages who 
 gathered to hear his words. Bineteau met with a fate 
 similar to that which befell many another devoted priest in 
 his heroic labors for the conversion of the savages. He 
 accompanied the Kaskaskias on one of their annual hunts 
 to the upper Mississippi, that his pastoral relations might 
 not suffer intermission. His frame was poorly fittfd to 
 stand the exposure. Parched by day on the burning 
 prairie, chilled by heavy dews at night, now panting with 
 thirst and again aching with cold, he at length fell a 
 victim to a violent fever, and " left his bones on the wilder" 
 ness range of the buffaloes." Pinet shortly after followed 
 his comrade. 
 
 Father Gabriel Morrest* had previously arrived at Kas- 
 kaskia. He was a Jesuit. He had carried the emblem of 
 his faith to the frozen regions of Hudson's Bay, and had 
 been taken prisoner by the English, and upon his liberation 
 returned to America, and joined the Kaskaskia Mission. 
 After the deaths of Bineteau and Pinet, he had sole charge 
 until joined by Father Mermet shortly after the opening of 
 the eighteenth century. 
 
 The devotion and piety of Mermet fully equalled those of 
 his companion. He had assisted in collecting a village of 
 Indians and Canadians, and had thus founded the first 
 French port on the Ohio, or, as the lower part of the river 
 was then called, the Wabash. At the Kaskaskia Mission 
 his gentle virtues and fervid eloquence seem not to have been 
 without their influence. "At early dawn his pupils came 
 to church dressed neatly and modestly, each in a large deer- 
 skin, or in a robe stitched together from several skins. 
 After receiving lessons they chanted canticles ; mass was 
 then said in presence of all the Christians in the place, the 
 French and the converts — the women on one side and the 
 men on the other. From prayer and instruction the mis- 
 sionaries proceeded to visit the sick and administer medicine, 
 and their skill as physicians did more than all the rest to 
 win confidence. In the afternoon the catechism was taught 
 in the presence of the young and the old, when every one, 
 without distinction of rank or age, answered the questions of 
 the missionary. At evening all would assemble at the 
 chapel for instruction, for prayer, and to chant the hymns 
 of the church. On Sundays and festivals, even after vespers 
 a homily was pronounced ; at the close of the day parties 
 
 would meet in houses to recite the chaplet in alternate 
 choirs, and sing psalms until late at night. These psalms 
 were often homilies with words set to familiar tunes. Satur- 
 day and Sunday were days appointed for confession and 
 communion, and every convert confessed once in a fortnight. 
 The success of the mission was such that marriages of 
 French immigrants were sometimes solemnized with the 
 daughters of the Illinois according to the rites of the 
 Catholic Church. The occupation of the country was a 
 cantonment of Europeans among the native proprietors of 
 the forests and the prairies.* A court of law was unknown 
 for nearly a century, and up to the time of Boisbriant there 
 was no local government. The priests possessed the entire 
 confidence of the community, and their authority happily 
 settled, without the tardy delays and vexations of the courts, 
 the minor difficulties which threatened the peace of the 
 settlement. Of the families which formed part of the 
 French population in the early history of Kaskaskia, there 
 is some uncertainty. There is, however, authority for 
 believing that the following were among the principal 
 settlers: Bazyl La Chapelle, Michael Derouse, (called St. 
 Pierre), Jean Baptiste St. Genime Beauvais, Baptiste Mon- 
 treal, Boucher de Montbrun, Charles Danie, Francois 
 Charlesville, Antoine Bienvenu, Louis Bruyat, Alexis Doza, 
 Joseph Paget, Prix Pagi, Michael Antoyen, Langlois Do 
 Lisle, La Derrou te and NovaL 
 
 AS PART OF LOUISIANA. 
 
 The settlements of Illinois had been a separate depend- 
 ency of Canada. In 1711, together with the settlements on 
 the Lower Mississippi, which had been founded by DTher- 
 ville and Bienville, they became united in a single province 
 under the name of Louisiana, with the capital at Mobile. 
 
 The exclusive control of the commerce of this region, 
 whose boundless resources, it was believed, were to enrich 
 France, was granted to Anthony Crozat, a merchant of 
 great wealth. "We permit him," says the king in his 
 letters patent, " to search, open, and dig all mines, veins, 
 minerals, precious stone3 and pearls, and to transport the 
 proceeds thereof into any part of France for fifteen years." 
 La Motte Cadillac, who had now becomo royal Governor of 
 Louisiana, was his partner. Hopes of obtaining great 
 quantities of gold and silver animated the proprietors, as 
 well as agitated France. Two pieces of silver ore, left at 
 Kaskaskia by a traveler from Mexico, were exhibited to 
 Cadillac as the produce of a mine in Illinois. Elated by 
 this prospect of wealth, the Governor hurried up the river 
 to find his anticipations fade away in disappointment. 'Iron 
 ore and the purest lead were discovered in large quantities 
 in Missouri, but of gold, and silver, and precious stones not 
 a trace was found. After Crozat had expended 425,000 
 livres, and realized only 300,000, he, in 1717, petitioned the 
 king for the revocation of his charter. The white popula- 
 tion had slowly increased ; and at the time of his departure 
 it was estimated that the families comprising the Illinois 
 settlements, now including those on the Wabash, numbered 
 three hundred and twenty souls. 
 
 * Bancroft. 
 n
 
 28 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 The commerce of Louisiana was next transferred to the 
 Mississippi Company, instituted under the auspices of the 
 notorious John Law. The wild excitement and visionary 
 schemes which agitated France during Law's connection 
 with the Company of the West, and while at the head of 
 the Bank of France, form the most curious chapter in the 
 annals of commercial speculations. These delusive dreams 
 of wealth were based mainly upon the reports of the fabu- 
 lous riches of the Mississippi Valley. Attempts to colonize 
 the country were conducted with careless prodigality. 
 Three ships landed eight hundred emigrants in August, 
 1718, near Mjbile, whence they were to make their way 
 overland to the Mississippi. Bienville, on the banks of that 
 river, had already selected the spot for the Capital of the 
 new Empire, which, after the Regent of France, was named 
 New Orleans. From among the emigrants, eighty convicts 
 from the prisons of France were sent to clear away the 
 coppices which thickly studded the site. Three years after 
 in 1721, the place was yet a wilderness, overgrown with 
 canebrakes, among which two hundred persons had en- 
 camped. 
 
 Phillip Renault was created Director-General of the 
 mines of the new country, and an expedition was organized 
 to work them. Renault left France, in 1719, with two 
 hundred mechanics and laborers. Touching at San Domingo 
 he bought five hundred negro slaves for working the mines. 
 On reaching the Mississippi, he sailed to Illinois, the region 
 in which gold and silver were supposed to abound. A few 
 miles from Kaskaskia, in what is now the south-west corner 
 of Monroe County, was the seat of his colony. The village 
 which he founded received the name of St. Phillip's. From 
 this point variou3 expeditions were sent out in search of the 
 precious metals. Drewry's Creek, in Jackson County, was 
 explored ; St. Mary's, in Randolph ; Silver Creek, in 
 Monroe ; and various parts of St. Clair County, and other 
 districts of Illinois. On Silver Creek, tradition has it that 
 considerable quantities of silver were discovered and sent to 
 France, and from this the stream has its name. By the 
 retrocession of the territory to the crown, Renault was left 
 to prosecute the business of mining without means. His 
 operations proved a disastrous failure. 
 
 . FORT CHARTRES. 
 
 Meanwhile war had sprung up between France and Spain 
 and to protect the Illinois settlements from incursions of 
 Spanish cavalry across the Great Desert, it was thought 
 advisable to establish a fort in the neighborhood of Kas- 
 kaskia. A Spanish expedition had, indeed, been fitted* out 
 at Santa Fe, but their guides, leading it by mistake to the 
 Missouri Indians, instead of (he Osages, enemies instead of 
 friends, the whole party was massacred, with the exception 
 of a priest who escaped to relate the fate of his unfortunate 
 comrades. Previous to this La Salle, on the occasion of his 
 visit to Paris, had shown the necessity of building a chain 
 of forts from Canada to the Gulf, in order to secure the 
 territory to the crown of France. In 1718, Boisbriant was 
 despatched to Illinois. He began the building of Fort 
 Chartres, long the strongest fortress on the Western Conti- 
 
 nent, and of wide celebrity in the subsequent history of 
 Illinois. 
 
 Fort Chartres stood on the east bank of the Mississippi, 
 . seventeen miles north-west of Kaskaskia, and between three 
 and four miles from the location of the present village of 
 Prairie du Rocher. The Company of the West finally built 
 their warehouses here. In 1721, on the division of Louisi- 
 ana into seven districts, it became the headquarters of Bois- 
 briant, the first local Governor of Illinois. Fort Chartres 
 was the seat of the Government of Illinois, not only while 
 the French retained possession of the country, but after it 
 passed under English control. When the fort was built, it 
 stood about one mile distant from the river. In the year 172-1 
 an inundation of the Mississippi washed away a portion of 
 bank in front of the fort. 
 
 Captain Philip Pitman visited Illinois in 1766. He was 
 an engineer in the British army, and was sent to Illinois to 
 make a survey of the forts, and report the condition of the 
 country, which had recently passed under British control. 
 He published in London, in 1770, a work entitled, " The 
 present State of the European Settlements on the Missis- 
 sippi," in which he gives an accurate description of Fort 
 Chartres : 
 
 " Fort Chartres, when it belonged to France, was the seat 
 of the government of the Illinois. The headquarters of the 
 English commanding officer is now here, who, in fact, is the 
 arbitrary governor of the country. The fort is an irregular 
 quadrangle. The sides of the exterior polygon are four hun- 
 dred and ninety feet. It is built Of stone, and plastered over, 
 and is only designed for defence against the Indians. The 
 walls are two feet two inches thick, and are pierced with 
 loopholes at regular distances, and with two port holes for 
 cannon in the facies, and two in the flanks of each bastion. 
 The ditch has never been finished. The entrance to the fort 
 is through a very handsome rustic gate. Within the walls 
 is a banquette raised three feet, for the men to stand on when 
 they fire through the loopholes. The buildings within the 
 fort are, a commandant's and a commissary's house, the 
 magazine of stores, corps de garde, and two barracks. >These 
 occupy the square. Within the gorges of the bastion are a 
 powder-magazine, a bake-house, and a prison, in the floor of 
 which are four dungeons, and in the upper, two rooms and 
 an out-house belongingto the commandant. The command- 
 ant's house is thirty-two yards long and ten broad, and con- 
 tains a kitchen, a dining-room, a bed-chamber, one small 
 room, five closets for servants, and a cellar. The commis- 
 sary's house is built on the same line as this, and its propor- 
 tion and the distribution of its apartments are the same. 
 Opposite these are the store-house, and the guard-house, each 
 thirty yards long and eight broad. The former consists of 
 two large store rooms, (under which is a large vaulted cellar), 
 a large room, a bed-chamber, and a closet for the storekeeper. 
 The latter of a soldiers' and officers' guard-room, a chapel, 
 a bed-chamber, a closet for the chaplain, and an artillery 
 store-room. The lines of barracks have never been finished. 
 They at present consist of two rooms each for officers, and 
 three for soldiers. They are each twenty-five feet square, 
 and have betwixt a small passage."
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 29 
 
 Such was Fort Chartres, believed at. the time to be the 
 most convenient and best built stronghold in North America ! 
 Just before the French surrender, forty families lived in the 
 neighboring village, in which stood a parish church, under 
 the care of a Franciscan friar, and dedicated to St. Anne. 
 At the time of the surrender to the English, all, with the 
 exception of three or four families, abandoned their homes, 
 and removed to the west bank of the Mississippi, preferring 
 the government of La Belle France to the hated English 
 rule, ignorant that by secret treaty the territory west 
 of the Mississippi had been ceded to Spain, even before 
 the transfer of the region eastward was made to the 
 English. 
 
 But the glory of the old fortress soon departed! In 1756 
 nearly half a mile intervened between Fort Chartres and the 
 bank of the Mississippi. A sand bar, however, was forming 
 opposite, to which the river was fordable. Ten years later 
 the current had cut the bank away to within eighty yards of 
 the fort. The sand-bar had become an island, covered with 
 a thick growth of cottonwoods. The channel between it 
 and the eastern bank was forty feet in depth. In the great 
 freshet six years after, in 1772, in which the American Bot- 
 tom was inundated, the west walls and two of the bastions 
 were swept away in the flood. It was abandoned by the 
 British garrison, which took up its quarters in Fort Gage, 
 on the bluff opposite Kaskaskia, which then became the seat 
 of government. From this date its demolition proceeded 
 rapidly. In 1820 the south-east angle was still remaining. 
 Only vestiges of the old Fortress can now be traced. Much 
 of the stone was carried away, and used for building pur- 
 poses elsewhere. Trees of stately growth cover the founda- 
 tions. The river has retreated to its original channel, and 
 is now a mile distant from the ruins. A growth of timber 
 covers the intervening land, where less than a century ago 
 swept the mighty current of the Father of Waters. 
 
 UNDER FRENCH RULE. 
 
 During the few years immediately succeeding the comple- 
 tion of Fort Chartres, prosperity prerailed in the settlements 
 between the Kaskaskia and the Miss : ssippi rivers. Prairie 
 du Rocher, founded about the year 1722, received consider- 
 able accessions to its population. Among the earliest French 
 settlers to make their homes here were Etienne Langlois, 
 Jean Baptiste Blais, Jean Baptiste Barbeaux, Antoine 
 Louvier, and the La Compte and other families, whose de- 
 scendants are still found in that locality. New settlements 
 sprang up, and the older ones increased in population. At 
 Kaskaskia, the Jesuits established a monastery, and founded 
 a college. In 1725 the village became an incorporated town, 
 and the king, Louis XV., granted the inhabitants a com- 
 mons. The Bottom land, extending upward along the Mis- 
 sissippi, unsurpassed for the richness of its soil, was in the 
 process of being rapidly settled by the larger number of new 
 arrivals in the colony. Fort Chartres, the seat of govern- 
 ment and the headquarters of the commandment of Upper 
 Louisiana, attracted a wealthy, and for Illinois, a fashionable 
 population. 
 
 After having been fourteen years under the government 
 
 of the Western Company, in April, 1732, the king issued a 
 proclamation by which Louisiana was declared free to all his 
 subjects, and all restrictions on commerce were removed. 
 At this time many flourishing settlements had sprung up in 
 Illinois, centering about Kaskaskia, and the inhabitants were 
 said to be more exclusively devoted to agriculture than iu 
 any other of the French settlements in the West. 
 
 M. D'Artaguette, in 1732, became commandant of Fort 
 Chartres, and Governor of Upper Louisiana. Between New 
 Orleans and Kaskaskia the country was yet a wilderness. 
 Communication by way of the Mississippi was interrupted 
 by the Chickasaws, allies of the English and enemies of 
 France, whose cedar barks shooting boldly out into the cur- 
 rent of the Mississippi, cut off the connection between the 
 two colonies. It was in an attempt to subdue these that 
 M. D'Artaguette, the commandant, lost h : s life. An officer 
 arrived at Fort Chartres from M. Prerrier, Governor-General 
 at New Orleans, in the year 1736, summoning M. D'Arta- 
 guette, with his French soldiers, and all the Indians whom 
 he could induce to join him, to unite in an expedition against 
 the enemy. With an army of fifty Frenchmen, and more 
 than one thousand Indians accompanied by Father Senat 
 and the gallant Vincennes, commandant of the post on the 
 Wabash, where now stands the city bearing his name, 
 D'Artaguette stole cautiously in the Chickasaw country. 
 His Indian allies were impatient, and the commander con- 
 sented, against his better judgment, to an immediate attack. 
 One fort was carried — another — and then in making the as- 
 sault on the third, the young and intrepid D'Artaguette fell 
 at the head of his forces, pierced with wounds. The Indian 
 allies made this reverse the signal for their flight. The 
 Jesuit Senat might have fled, Vincennes might have saved 
 his life, but both preferred to share the fate of their leader. 
 The captives afterward met death at the stake under the slow 
 torments of fire. 
 
 La Buissoniere succeeded as commandant at Fort Chartres. 
 In 1739 a second expedition was undertaken against the 
 Chickasaw country. La Buissoniere joined Bienville, then 
 Governor-General of Louisiana, with a force of two hundred 
 Frenchmen and three hundred Indians. The whole force 
 under Bienville was twelve hundred French and five hun- 
 dred Indians and negroes. His men suffered greatly from 
 malarial fevers and famine, and returned the following 
 spring without conquering the Chickasaws, with whom after- 
 ward, however, amicable relations were established. 
 
 The period from 1740 to 1750 was one of great prosperity 
 for the colonies. Cotton was introduced and cultivated. 
 Regular cargoes of pork, flour, bacon, tallow, hides and 
 leather, were floated down the Mississippi, and exported 
 thence to France. French emigrants poured rapidly into 
 the settlements. Canadians exchanged the cold rigors of 
 their climate for the sunny atmosphere and rich soil of the 
 new country. Peace and plenty blessed the settlements. 
 
 La Buissoniere was followed, in 1750, by Chevalier Ma- 
 carty as Governor of Upper Louisiana, and Commandant of 
 Fort Chartres. Peace was soon to be broken. The French 
 and English war, which terminated in 1759 with the defeat 
 of Montcalm on the plains of Abraham, and the capture of
 
 30 
 
 .HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Quebec, began with a struggle for the territory on the Upper 
 Ohio. Fort Chartres was the depot of supplies and the place 
 of rendezvous for the united forces of Louisiana, and several 
 expeditions were fitted out and dispatched to the scene of con- 
 flict on the borJer between the French and English settle- 
 ments. But France was vanquished in the struggle, and its 
 result deprived her of her princely possessions east of the 
 Mississippi. 
 
 CHARACTER OF THE EARLY FRENCTI SETTLERS. 
 
 The early French inhabitants were well adapted by their 
 peculiar traits of character for intercourse with their savage 
 neighbors of the forest, with whom they lived on terms of 
 peace and friendship. For this reason, the French colonists 
 almost entirely escaped the Indian hostilities by which the 
 English settlements were repressed and weakened. The 
 freest communication existed between the two races. They 
 stood on a footing of equality. The Indian was cordially 
 received in the French village, and the Frenchman found a 
 safe resting-place in the lodga of the savaga. In scenes of 
 social pleasure, in expeditions to remote rivers and distant 
 forests, in the ceremonies and exercises of the church, the 
 red men were treated as brothers, and the accident of race 
 and color was made as little a mark of distinction as possi- 
 ble. Frequent intermarriages of the French with the In- 
 dians strongly cemented this union. For nearly a hundred 
 years the French colonists enjoyed continual peace, while the 
 English settlements on the Atlantic coast were in a state of 
 almost constant danger from savage depredations. 
 
 It was doubtless greatly owing to the peculiar facility with 
 which the French temperament adapted itself to surround- 
 ings, and the natural address with which Frenchmen ingra- 
 tiated themselves in the favor of the savages, that this happy 
 condition of affairs existed. But something must be ascribed 
 to the differences of character between the French and Eng- 
 lish in regard to their aggressiveness. The English colonists 
 excited the jealousy and fear of the Indians by their rapid 
 occupation of the country. New settlements were constantly 
 being projected, and the white population pushed farther 
 and farther into the wilderness. When the Indians saw 
 their favorite haunts broken up, and their hunting grounds 
 invaded, a natural feeling of distrust and jealousy led them 
 to warfare against the English. With the French it was 
 different. There was but little disposition to found new 
 settlements, or occupy the wilderness. They were essentially 
 a social people, and the solitary life of a pioneer in the forest 
 was repugnant to their disposition. They lived in compact 
 villages. Their houses were in close proximity. With 
 abundant room for spacious streets, they yet made them so 
 narrow that the merry villagers could converse with ease 
 across the street, each from his own cottage. Hunting was 
 a favorite pursuit, and the chief means of support. With 
 this mode of life the French were content Ambition failed 
 to incite them to conquer the wilderness, and push their set- 
 tlements to unknown regions, and avarice was wanting to 
 lead them to grasp after great possessions. The development 
 of the "territorial paradise," as La Salle had called the re- 
 gion through which he passed on his first voyage down the 
 Mississippi, was to be accomplished by another race. 
 
 80 
 
 A POSSESSION OF GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 By the treaty of Fountainbleau, 1762, the vast possessions 
 of France, east of the Mississippi, with the exception of the 
 island of New Orleans, passed under British control. P\)rt 
 Chartres and the other Illinois posts were surrounded by an 
 impenetrable barrier of hostile savages, friends to the French 
 and enemies to the English, and the French officers were 
 authorized to retain command until it was found possible for 
 the English to take possession. M. Neyon de Villiers was 
 commandant of Fort Chartres, and upon his retiring in 1764, 
 St. Ange d'Bellerive took upon himself the duties of that 
 position/ It was the time of Pontiac's conspiracy, when the 
 Indian tribes, inflamed by the savage spirit of that warrior, 
 were precipitating themselves on the English settlements 
 from Canada to Carolina. The French commandant of Fort 
 Chartres was besieged for arms and ammunition to be used 
 against the English. The French flag was still flying over 
 the Fort, and the fact of the territory having beeu ceded to 
 Great Britain was not generally known except to those in 
 authority. The commandant was visited by embassies from 
 the Illinois, the Delawares, Shawneea and Miamis, and 
 finally Pontiac himself, at the head of four hundred warriors, 
 entered the council hall. St. Ange d Bellerive, unable to 
 furnish arm?, offered instead his good will. Tbe reply was 
 received with dissatisfaction. The Indians pitched their 
 lodges about the Fort, and for a time an attack was seriously 
 apprehended. Finally Pontiac dispatched a chosen band of 
 warriors to New Orleans to obtain from the Governor there 
 the assistance St. Ange refused to grant. 
 
 Pontiac was killed a few years after. Disappointed by 
 the failure of his plans against the English, he retired to the 
 solitude of the forests. In the year 1769, he suddenly made 
 his appearance in the neighborhood of St. Louis. Arrayed 
 in the French uniform given him by the Marquis Montcalm 
 a short time previous to the latter*s death on the Plains of 
 Abraham, he visited St. Ange d'Bellerive, who at that time 
 had removed from Fort Chartres to St Louis, where he had 
 become one of the principal inhabitants and commandant of 
 the Spanish garrison. While at St Liuis, he crossed the 
 Mississippi to attend asocial gathering of Indians at Cahokia. 
 Becoming intoxicated he started to the neighboring woods, 
 when an Indian of the Easkaskia tribe, bribed by an Eng- 
 lish trader with a barrel of whiskey, stole up behind him and 
 buried a tomahawk in the brain of the renowned warrior. 
 St. Ange procured the body, and buried it with all the honors 
 of war near the fort under his command in St. Louis. The 
 tramp of a great city now sweeps over his grave. 
 
 Two attempts, on the part of the English, to take posses- 
 sion of Illinois and Fort Cbartres, had been made by way of 
 the Mississippi, but hostile Indians on the banks of the river 
 had driven back the expeditions. Meantime a hundred 
 Highlanders of the Forty-second Regiment, those veterans 
 " whose battle cry had echoed over the bloodiest fields of 
 America," had left Fort Pitt, now Pittsburg, and descending 
 the Ohio, appeared before Fort Chartres while the forests 
 were yet rich with the varied hues of autumn. St. Ange 
 yielded up the citadel. It was on the tenth day of October, 
 1765, that the ensign of France on the ramparts of the Fort
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS., 
 
 31 
 
 gave place to the flag of Great Britain. Kaskaskia had now 
 been founded more than three-fourths of a century. 
 
 On the surrender of Fort Chartres, St. Ange with his gar- 
 rison of twenty-one soldiers retired from the country, and 
 became commandant at St. Louis, an infant settlement just 
 founded. A large number of the French residents of Kas- 
 kaskia and other settlements refused to live under English 
 rule. Many of the wealthiest families left the country ; some 
 removed across the Mississippi, to the small village of Ste. 
 Genevieve, under the impression that on the west bank of the 
 Mississippi they would still find a home under the govern- 
 ment of France, wfiile in truth that territory had been ceded 
 to Spain by a secret treaty in 1762. Others joined in found- 
 ing the city of St. Louis. The French settlements in Illinois, 
 at a period immediately preceding this date, were at the 
 zenith of their prosperity. From that day the French in- 
 habitants have declined in numbers and influence. In 1765, 
 the population of the Illinois settlements was computed as 
 follows: White men able to bear arms, seven hundred; white 
 women, five hundred ; white children, eight hundred and 
 fifty ; negroes, nine hundred ; total, two thousand nine hun- 
 dred and fifty. One-third of the whites, and a still larger 
 proportion of the blacks, removed on the British taking pos- 
 session. A population of less than two thousand remained. 
 Few English, or Americans, with the exception of the British 
 troops, were in the country. 
 
 Captain Stirling, who now had command of the Fort, issued 
 a proclamation guaranteeing the inhabitants the liberty of 
 the Catholic faith, permission to retire from the country, and 
 enjoyment of their full rights and privileges, only requiring 
 an oath of fidelity and obedience to His Majesty, the English 
 King. Captain Stirling died some three months after his 
 arrival. In the period that elapsed before the coming of his 
 successor, St. Ange d'Bellerive returned from St. Louis, and 
 discharged the duties of commandant. Major Frazier, from 
 Fort Pitt, exercised for a time an arbitrary power, and his 
 successor, Col. Reed, proved still worse. lie held the office 
 eighteen months, and during that time aroused the hatred of 
 the settlements by his oppressive measures. Lieutenant Colo- 
 nel Wilkins assumed command in 1768. 
 
 Captain Pitman, to whose book on " The Present State of 
 the European Settlements on the Mississippi" reference has 
 already been made, gives the following descriptijn of Kas- 
 kaskia, as it appeared in 1766. 
 
 The village of Notre Dame de Cascasquias is by far the 
 most considerable settlement in the country of the I linois, 
 as well from its number of inhabitants as from its advan- 
 tageous situation. 
 
 " Mons. Paget was the first who introduced water mills in 
 this country, and he constructed a very fine one on the river 
 Cascasquias, which was both for grinding corn and sawing 
 boards. It lies about one mile from the village. The mill 
 proved fatal to him, being killed as he was working 
 .it, with two negroes, by a party of Cherokees, in the 
 year 1764. 
 
 " The principal buildings era the church and the Jesuits' 
 house, which has a small chapel adjoining it; these, as well 
 as some of the other houses in the village, are built of stone, 
 
 and, considering thi3 part of ths world, make a very good 
 appearance. The Jesuits' plantation consisted of 240 arpents 
 (an arpent is 85-100 of an acre) of cultivated land, a very 
 good stock of cattle, and a brewery which was sold by the 
 French commandant, after the country was ceded to the 
 English, for the crown, in consequence of the suppression of 
 the order. 
 
 " Mons. Beauvais wa i the purchaser, who is the richest of 
 the English subjects in this country; he keeps eighty slaves; 
 he furnishes 86,000 weight of flour to the King's magazine, 
 which was only part of the harvest he reaped in one year. 
 Sixty-five families reside in this village, besides merchants, 
 other casual people, and slaves. The fort which was burnt 
 down in October, 1766, stood on the summit of a high rock 
 opposite the village and on the opposite side of the river. 
 It was an oblong quadrangle, of which the extreme polygon 
 measured 290 by 251 feet. It was built of very thick square 
 timber, and dove-tailed at the angles. An officer and twenty 
 soldiers are quartered in the village. The officer governs 
 the inhabitants under the direction of the commandant at 
 Fort Chartres. Here are also two companies of militia." 
 
 Of Prairie du Eocher, Pitman writes that " it is a small 
 village, consisting of twenty-two dwelling-houses, all of which 
 are inhabited by as many families. Here is a little chapel, 
 formerly a chapel of ease to the church at Fort Chartres, 
 The inhabitants are very industrious, and raise a great deal 
 of corn and every kind of stock. The village is two miles 
 from Fort Chartres. It takes its name from its situation, 
 being built under a rock that runs parallel with the Missis- 
 sippi river at a league distance, fjr forty miles up. Here u 
 a company of militia, the captain of which regulates the 
 police of the village." 
 
 In describing the distance from Fort Chartres, the author, 
 doubtless, refers to Little Village, which was a mile or more 
 nearer than Prairie du Bocher. The writer goes on to de- 
 scribe "Saint Philippe" as a "small village about five miles 
 from Fort Chartres on the road to Kaoquias. There are 
 about sixteen houses and a small church standing ; all of the 
 inhabitants, except the captain of the militia, deserted in 
 1765, and went to the French side (Missouri ) The captain 
 of the militia has about twenty slaves, a good stock of cattle, 
 and a water mill for corn and planks. The village stands 
 on a very fine meadow about one mile from the Mis- 
 sissippi. 
 
 From the same authority wo learn that the soil of the 
 country is in general rich and luxuriant. It was favorably 
 adapted to the production of all kin Is of European grains 
 which grew side by side wit'i hops, hemp, flax, cotton and 
 tobacco. European fruits arrived to great perfection. Of 
 the wild grapes a wine was made, very inebriating, and in 
 color and taste much like the red wine of Provencs. In the 
 late wars, New-Orleans and the lower parts of Louisiana 
 were supplied with flour, beef, wine3, ham3, and other pro- 
 visions, from this country. At present, its commerce is 
 mostly confined to the peltry and furs which are got in traf- 
 fic from the Indians ; for which are received in turn such 
 European commodities as are necessary to carry on that c jm- 
 merce and the support of its inhabitants." 
 
 31
 
 32 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CONQUEST BY CLARKE. 
 
 On the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, it is 
 probable that the British garrison (removed in 1772 from 
 Fort Chartres to Fort Gage, opposite Kaskaskia,) had been 
 withdrawn. Illinois was remote from the theatre of action, 
 and the colonists were little disturbed by the rumors of war 
 which came from the Atlantic coast The French inhabitants 
 were rather in sympathy with the Americans than the Eng- 
 lish, but probably understood little of "the nature of the 
 struggle. Illinois belonged to the jurisdiction of Virginia. 
 George Rogers Clarke, who visited Kentucky in 1775, seems 
 to have been the first to comprehend the advantages which 
 would result from the occupation of Illinois by the Ameri- 
 cans. He visited Virginia, where he laid his plans before 
 Patrick Henry, the Governor of the State. Clarke received 
 his instructions, January, 1778, and the following month set 
 out for Pittsburg His instructions were to raise seven com- 
 panies of men, but he could only succeed in enlisting four 
 commanded by Captains Montgomery, Bowman, Helm, and 
 Harrod. On Corn Island, opposite Louisville, on the Ohio, 
 Clarke announced his destination to the men. At the mouth 
 of the Tennessee, a man named John Duff was encountered, 
 with a party of hunters, who had recently visited Kaskaskia, 
 and also brought the intelligence that one Rocheblave, a 
 French Canadian, was in command at that point, that he 
 kept the militia well drilled, and that sentinels were posted 
 to watch for the "Long Knives," as the Virginians were 
 called, of whom the inhabitants were in terror. Securing his 
 boats near Fort Massacre (or Massac,) Clarke undertook the 
 journey across the country, one hundred and twenty miles, 
 to Kaskaskia. It was accomplished with difficulty. On the 
 afternoon of the fourth of July, 1778, the exhausted band of 
 invaders came to the vicinity of Kaskaskia, and concealed 
 themselves in the hills to the east of the town. After dark 
 Clarke proceeded to the old ferry-house, three-fourths of a 
 mile above the village, and at midnight addressed his troops 
 on the banks of the river. He divided his force into three 
 parties. Two were to cross to the west side of the river, and 
 enter the town from different quarters. The third, under the 
 direction of Clarke himself, was to capture the fort on the 
 east side. Kaskaskia at that time was a village of about two 
 hundred and fifty houses. The British commander last in 
 charge had instilled in the mind* of the people the impres- 
 sion that the Virginians, otherwise the " Long Knives," were 
 a ferocious band of murderers, plundering houses, slaughter- 
 ing women and children, and committing acts of great atro- 
 city. Clarke determined to take advantage of this, and so 
 surprise the inhabitants by fear as to induce them to submit 
 without resistance. Clarke effected an entrance to the fort 
 without difficulty. The other parties at a given signal en- 
 tered Kaskaskia at the opposite extremities, and with terri- 
 ble outcries and hideous noises, aroused the terrified inhabi- 
 tants, who shrieked in their alarm, "The Long Knives!' 
 "The Long Knives are here!" The panic stricken towns- 
 men delivered up their arms, and the victory was accom- 
 plished without the shedding of a drop of blood. M. Roche- 
 blave, the British commandant, was unconscious of the pres- 
 ence of the enemy, till an officer of the detachment entered 
 
 as 
 
 his bed-chamber, and claimed him as a prisoner. y In accord- 
 ance with his original plan of conquering the inhabitants by 
 terror, and then afterward winning their regard and grati- 
 tude by his clemency, Clarke, the next day, withdrew his 
 forces from the town, and sternly forbade all communication 
 between it and his soldiers. Some of the principal militia 
 officers, citizens of the town, were next put in irons. The 
 terror now reached its height. The priest, and a deputation 
 of five or six elderly men of the village, called on Clarke, 
 and humbly requested permission to assemble in t!.e«hurch, 
 to take leave of each other and commend their future lives 
 to the protection of a merciful God, since they expected to 
 be separated, perhaps never to meet again. Clarke gruffly 
 granted the privilege. The whole population convened at 
 the church, and after remaining together a long time, the 
 priest and a few others again waited upon the commander of 
 the American forces, presenting thanks for the privilege they 
 had enjoyed, and desiring to know what fate awaited 
 them. 
 
 Clarke now determined to lift them from their despair, and 
 win their gratitude by a show of mercy. " What!" said he; 
 " do you take us for savages ? Do you think Americans will 
 strip women and children, and take bread from their mouths? 
 My countrymen disdain to make war on helpless innocents." 
 He further reminded them that the King of France, their 
 former ruler, was an ally of the Americans, and now fighting 
 their cause. He told them to embrace the side they deemed 
 best, and they should be respected in the enjoyment of their 
 liberty and the rights of property. 
 
 The revulsion of feeling was complete. The good news 
 spread throughout the village. The church-bell rang a 
 merry peal, and the delighted inhabitants gathered at the 
 chapel, where thanks were offered to God for their happy 
 and unexpected deliverance. The loyalty of the inhabitants 
 was assured, and ever after they remained faithful to the 
 American cause. The French inhabitants of Kaskaskia 
 were readily reconciled to a change of government. In 
 October, 1778, the Virginia Assembly erected the conquered 
 territory into the County of Illinois. This County embraced 
 all the region north-west of Ohio, and five large states have 
 since been formed from it. Colonel Clarke was appointed 
 military commander of all the western territory north and 
 south of the Ohio, and Colonel John Todd, one of Clarke's 
 soldiers, who next to Clarke had been the first man to enter 
 Fort Gage, was appointed lieutenant-commander of Illinois. 
 In the spring of 1779, Colonel Todd visited Kaskaskia, and 
 made arrangements for the organization of a temporary 
 government. Many of the French inhabitants of Kaskaskia, 
 Prairie du Rocher, and the other settlements-, readily took 
 the oath of allegiance to Virginia. Colonel Todd was killed 
 at the famous battle of Blue Licks, in Kentucky, August, 
 1782, and Timothy deMontbrun, a Frenchman, succeeded 
 him as commandant of Illinois County. Of his administra- 
 tion but little is known. 
 
 the "compact of 1787." 
 
 In 1632 Illinois became a possession of the French crown, 
 a dependency of Canada, and a part of Louisiana. In 1765 
 the English flag was run up on old Fort Chartres, and
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 33 
 
 Illinois was counted among the treasures of Great Britain. 
 In 1779 it was taken from the English by Col. George 
 Rogers Clark: this man was resolute in nature, wise in coun- 
 cil, prudent in policy, bold in action, and heroic in danger. 
 Few men who have figured in the early history of America 
 are more deserving than he. Nothing short of first-class 
 ability could have rescued " Vincins" and all Illinois from 
 the English, and it is not possible to over-estimate the in- 
 fluence of this achievement upon the republic. In 1779, 
 Illinois became a part of Virginia. It was soon known as 
 Illinois county. In 1784 Virginia ceded all this territory 
 to the general government to be cut into states, to be republi- 
 can in form, with " the same right of sovereignty, freedom 
 and independence as the other states." 
 
 In 1787 it was the object of the wisest and ablest legisla- 
 tion found in any merely human records. No man can 
 study the secret history of The Compact of 1787 and not 
 feel that Providence was guiding with sleepless eyes these 
 unborn states. The ordinance that on July 13, 1787, finally 
 became the incorporating act, has a most marvelous history. 
 Jefferson had vainly tried to secure a system of government 
 for the north-western territory. He was an emancipationist 
 of that day, and favored the exclusion of slavery from the 
 territory Virginia had ceded to the general government, 
 but the south voted him down as often as it came up. In 
 1787, as late as July 10, an organizing act without the 
 anti-slavery clause was pending. This concession to the south 
 was expected to carry it Congress was in session in New 
 York city. O.i July 5, Rev. Dr. Manasseh Cutler, of 
 Massachusetts, came into New York to lobby on the north- 
 western territory. Everything seemed to fall into his hands. 
 Events were ripe : the state of the public credit, the growing of 
 southern prejudice, the basis of his mission, his personal 
 character, all combined to complete one of those sudden and 
 marvelous revolutions of public sentiment that once in five 
 or ten centuries are seen to sweep over a country like the 
 breath of the Almighty. Cutler was a remarkable man ; a 
 graduate of Yale, he had studied and taken degrees in the 
 three learned professions, law, divinity and medicine, Har- 
 vard had given him his A. M., and Yale had honored herself 
 by adding his D. D. He had thus America's best literary 
 indorsement. He had published a scientific examination of 
 the plants of New England. His name stood second only to 
 that of Franklin as a scientist in America. He was a courtly 
 gentleman of the old style, a man of commanding presence, 
 and of inviting face. Thesouthern members were captivated 
 by his genial manners, rare and profound abilities. He 
 came representing a company that desired to purchase a 
 tract of land now included in Ohio, for the purpose of plant- 
 ing a colony. Government money was worth eighteen cents 
 on the dollar. This Massachusetts company had collected 
 enough to purchase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other specu- 
 lators in New York made Dr. Cutler their agent ; on the 
 12th he represented a demand for 5,500,000 acres. This 
 would reduce the national debt. Jefferson and Virginia 
 were regarded as authority concerning the land Virginia 
 had just ceded. Jefferson's policy wanted to provide for the 
 public credit, and this was a good opportunity to do some- 
 
 thing. Massachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, 
 which she was crowding on the market. She was opposed 
 to opening the north-western region. This fired the zeal of 
 Virginia. The South caught the inspiration, and all exalted 
 Dr. Cutler. The English Minister invited him to dine with 
 some of the Southern gentlemen. He was the centre of in- 
 terest; the entire South rallied around him. Massachusetts 
 could not vote against him, because many of the constituent* 
 of her members were interested personally in the western 
 speculation ; thus Cutler, making friends with the south, and 
 doubtless using all the arts of the lobby, was enabled to 
 command the situation. True to deeper conviction, he 
 dictated one of the most compact and finished documents of 
 wise statesmanship that ever adorned any human law book ; 
 he borrowed from Jefferson the term " Articles of Compact," 
 which preceding the federal constitution, rose into the most 
 sacred character. He then followed very closely the constitu- 
 tion of Massachusetts, adopted three years before, — its most 
 marked points were : 
 
 1st: The exclusion of slavery from the territory forever. 
 
 2d. Provision for public schools, giving one township for 
 a seminary, and every section numbered 16 in- each town- 
 ship ; that is, one thirty-sixth of all the land for public 
 schools. 
 
 3d. A provision prohibiting the adoption of any consti- 
 tution, or the enactment of any law that should nullify 
 pre-existing contracts. 
 
 Be it forever remembered that this compact declared 
 that " Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary 
 to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools 
 and means of education shall always be encouraged," Dr. 
 Cutler planted himself on this platform and would not yield. 
 Giving his unqualified declaration that it was that or nothing 
 — that unless they could make the land desirable they did 
 not want it — he took his horse and gig and started for the 
 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. On July 13, 
 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was unanimously 
 adopted, every Southern member voting for it, and only one 
 man, Mr. Yates of New York, voting against it, but as the 
 States voted as States, Yates lost his vote, and the compact 
 was put beyond repeal. Then the great States of Ohio, In- 
 diana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin — a vast empire, 
 the heart of the great valley — were consecrated to freedom, 
 intelligence, and honesty. In the light of these ninety-five 
 years, it is evident to all that this act was the salvation of 
 the republic and the destruction of slavery. Soon the south 
 saw their great blunder, and tried to repeal the compact. 
 In 1803 Congress referred it to a committee, of which John 
 Randolph was chairman. He reported that this ordinance 
 was a compact, and opposed repeal. Thus it stood a rock 
 in the way of the on-rushing sea of slavery. With all this 
 timely aid it was, after all, a most desperate and protracted 
 struggle to keep the soil of Illinois sacred to freedom. It 
 was the natural battle field for the irrepressible conflict, In. 
 the southern end of the State Blavery preceded the compact. 
 It existed among the old French settlers, and was hard to 
 eradicate. The southern part of the State was settled from 
 the slave States ; and this population brought their laws,
 
 M 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 custom", and institutions with them. A stream of popula- 
 tion from the North poured into the northern part of the 
 State These sections misunderstood and hated each other 
 perfectly. The-Southerners regarded the Yankees as a skin- 
 ning, tricky, penurious race of peddlers, filling the country 
 with tinware, brass clocks, and wooden nutmegs. The 
 Northerner thought of the Southerner as a lean, lank, lazy 
 creature, burrowing in a hut, and rioting in whisky, dirt 
 and ignorance. These causes aided in making the struggle 
 long and bitter. So strong was the sympathy with slavery 
 that in spite of the ordinance of 1787, and in spite of the 
 deed of cession, it was determined to allow the old French 
 settlers to retain their slaves. Planters from the slave 
 States might bring their slaves, if they would give them a 
 chance to choose freedom, or years of service and bondage 
 for their children till they should become thirty years of age. 
 If they chose freedom they must leave the State in sixty 
 days or be sold as fugitives. Servants were whipped for 
 offences for which white men are fined ; each lash paid forty 
 cents of the fine. A negro ten miles from home without a 
 pass was whipped. These famous laws were imported from 
 the slave States, just as they imported laws for the inspec- 
 tion of flax and wool when there was neither in the State. 
 These black laws are now wiped out. A vigorous effort was 
 made to protect slavery in the State Constitution of 1S18 ; it 
 barely failed. It was renewed in 1626, when a convention 
 was asked to make a new constitution. After a hard fight the 
 convention was defeated ; but slaves did not disappear from 
 the census of the State until 1850. There were mobs and 
 murders in the interest of slavery. Lovejoy was added to 
 the list of martyrs — a sort of first fruits of that long line of 
 immortal heroes who saw freedom a3 the one supreme desire 
 of their souls, and were so enamored of her that they pre- 
 ferred to die rather than survive her. 
 
 LAXD TE>*CRES. 
 
 The early French settlers held the possession of their land 
 in common. A tract of land was fixed upon for a Common 
 Field, in which all the inhabitants were interested. 
 
 Besides the Common Field, another tract of land was laid 
 off on the Commons. All the villagers had free access to 
 this as a place of pasturage for their stock. From this they 
 also drew their supply of fuel. 
 
 Individual grants were likewise made. Under the French 
 system, the binds were granted without any equivalent con- 
 sideration in the way of money, the individuals satisfying 
 the authorities that the lands were wanted for actual settle- 
 ment, or for a purpose likely to benefit the community. The 
 first grant of land, which is preserved, is that made to Charles 
 Danie, May 10th, 1722. The French grants at Kaskaskia 
 extended from river to river, and at other places in the Bot- 
 tom they commonly extended from river to bluff. Grants of 
 land were made for almost all the American Bottom, from 
 the upper limits of the Common Field of St Phillip's to 
 the lower line of the Kaskaskia Common Field, a distance 
 of nearly thirty miles. 
 
 The British commandants, who assumed the government 
 on the cession of the territory by France, exercised the pri- 
 
 vilege of making grants, subject to the approval of his Ma- 
 jesty, the King. Colonel Wilkins granted to some merchants 
 of Philadelphia a magnificent domain of thirty thousand 
 acres lying between the village of Kaskaskia and Prairie du 
 Rocher, much of it already covered by French grants pre- 
 viously made. For the better carrying out their plans, the 
 British officers, and perhaps their grantees, destroyed, to 
 some extent, the records of the ancient French grants at 
 Kaskaskia, by which the regular claim of titles and convey- 
 ances was partly broken. This British grant of thirty 
 thousand acres, which had been assigned to John Edgar, 
 was afterward patented by Governor St. Clair to Edgar and 
 John Murray St Clair, the Governor's son, to whom Edgar 
 had previously conveyed a moiety by deed. Although much 
 fault was found with the transaction, a confirmation of the 
 grant was secured from the United States government 
 
 When Virginia ceded Illinois, it was stipulated that the 
 French and Canadian inhabitants, and other settlers, who 
 had professed allegiance to Virginia, should have their 
 titles confirmed to them. Congress afterwards authorized 
 the Governor to confirm the possessions and titles of the 
 French to their lands. In accordance with this agreement 
 Governor St Clair, in 1790, issued a proclamation directing 
 the inhabitants to exhibit their titles and claims of the lands 
 which they held, in order to be confirmed in their possession. 
 Where the instruments were found to be authentic, orders of 
 survey were issued, the expense of which was borne by the 
 parties who claimed ownership. The French inhabitants 
 were in such poverty at this time that they were really una- 
 ble to pay the expenses of the surveys, and a memorial 
 signed by P. Gibault, the priest at Kaskaskia, and eighty- 
 seven others, was presented to Governor St Clair, praying 
 him to petition Congress for relief in the matter. In 1791, 
 Congress directed that four hundred acres of land should be 
 granted to the head of every family which had made improve- 
 ments in Illinois prior to the year 1788. Congress had also 
 directed that a donation be given to each of the families then 
 living at either of the villages of Kaskaskia, Prairie du 
 Rocher, Cahokia, Fort Chartres, or St Phillips. These were 
 known as the " bead-right " claims. 
 
 At an early date, speculation became ac'.ive in the land 
 claims of different kinds; bead-rights, improvement rights, 
 militia right : , and fraudulent claims were produced in great 
 numbers. The French claims were partly unconfirmed, 
 owi:;g to the poverty of that people, and these were forced 
 on the market with the others. The official report of the 
 commissioners at Kaskaskia, made in 1810, shows that eight 
 hundred and ninety land claims were rejected as being ille- 
 gal or fraudulent Three hundred and seventy were 
 reported as being supported by perjury, and a considerable 
 number were forged. There are fourteen names given of 
 persons, both English and French, who made it a regular 
 business to furnish sworn certificates, professing an intimate 
 knowledge, in every case, of the settlers who had made cer- 
 tain improvements upon which claims were predicated and 
 when and where they were located. A Frenchman, clerk 
 of the pari h of Prairie du Rocher, " without property and 
 fjnd of liquor," after having given some two hundred depo-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 35 
 
 sitions in favor of three land claimant speculators, " was 
 induced, ' in the language of the report, " either by compen- 
 sation, fear, or the impossibility of obtaining absolution on 
 any oiher terms, to declare on oath that the said depositions 
 were false, and that in giving them he had a regard for 
 something beyond the truth." 
 
 The report of the commissioners raised many doubts in 
 regard to the validity and propriety of a number of confir- 
 mations by the Governors, and much dissatisfaction among 
 the claimants ; and in consequence, Congress in 1812, passed 
 an act for the revision of these land claims in the Kaskaskia 
 district. The commissioners under this law were Michael 
 Jones, John Caldwell, and Thomas Sloo. Facts damaging 
 to persons who occupied positions of high respectability in 
 the community, were disclosed. They reported that the 
 English claim of thirty thousand acres confirmed by Gover- 
 nor St. Clair to John Edgar and the Governor's son, John 
 Murray St. Clair, was founded in neither law or equity ; that 
 the patent was issued after the Governor's power ceased to 
 exist, and the claim ought not to be confirmed. Congress, 
 however, confirmed it. 
 
 For a period of several years, emigration was considerably 
 retarded by the delay in adjusting land titles. The act of 
 Congress passed in 1813, granting the right of pre-emption 
 to settlers, was influential in bringing the public lands into 
 market. Emigrants poured into the country, and improve- 
 ments were rapidly made. 
 
 . PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE STATE. 
 
 In area the State has 55,410 square miles of territory. It 
 is about 150 miles wide and 400 miles long, stretching in 
 latitude from Maine to North Carolina It embraces wide 
 variety of climate. It is tempered on the north by the great 
 inland, saltless, tideless sea, which helps the thermometer 
 from either extreme. Being a table-land, from 690 to 1,600 
 feet above the level of the sea, one is prepared to find on the 
 health maps, prepared by the general government, an almost 
 clean and perfect record. In freedom from fever and mala- 
 rial diseases and consumptions, the three deadly enemies of 
 the American Saxon, Illinois, as a State, stands without a 
 superior, She furnishes one of the essential conditions of a 
 great people — sound bodies; we suspect that this fact lies 
 back of that old Delaware word, Illini, superior men. The 
 great battles of history have been determinative; dynasties and 
 destinies have been strategical battles, chiefly the question of 
 position ; Thermopylae has been the war-cry of freemen for 
 twenty-four centuries. It only tells how much there may be 
 in position. All this advantage belong to Illinois. It is in 
 the heart of the greatest valley in the world, the vast region 
 between the mountains — a valley that could feed mankind 
 for a thousand years. It is well on toward the centre of the 
 continent. It is in the great temperate belt, in which have 
 been found nearly all the aggressive civilizations of history. 
 It has sixty-five miles of frontage on the head of Lake Michi- 
 gan. With the Mississippi forming the western and south- 
 ern boundary, with the Ohio running along the south-eastern 
 line, with the Illinois river and Canal dividing the State 
 diagonally from the lake to the Lower Mississippi, and with 
 the Rock and Wabash rivers furnishing altogether 2,000 
 
 •miles of water-front, connecting with, and running through, 
 in all about 12,000 miles of navigable water. But this is 
 not all. These waters are made most available by the fact 
 that the lake and the State lie on the ridge running into the 
 great valley from the east. Within cannon-shot of the lake 
 the water runs away from the lake to the gulf. The lake 
 'how empties at both ends, one into the Atlantic and one into 
 the Gulf of Mexico. The lake thus seems to hang over the 
 land. This makes the dockage most serviceable ; there are 
 no steep banks to damage it. Both lake and river are made 
 for use. The climate varies from Portland to Richmond. 
 It favors every product of the continent including the tropics, 
 with less than half a dozen exceptions. It produces every 
 great nutriment of the world except bananas and rice. It 
 is hardly too much to say that it is the most productive spot 
 known to civilization. With the soil full of bread and the 
 earth full of minerals; with an uppsr surface of food and an 
 under layer of fuel; with perfect natural drainage, and 
 abundant springs and streams and navigable rivers ; half 
 way between the forests of the North and the fruits of the 
 South ; within a day's ride of the great deposits of iron, coal, 
 copper, lead and zinc: containing and controlling the great 
 grain, cattle, pork, and lumber markets of the world, it is 
 not strange that Illinois has the advantage of position. This 
 advantage has been supplemented by the character of the 
 population. In the early days when Illinois was first admit- 
 ted to the union, her population were chiefly from Kentucky 
 and Virginia. But, in the conflict of ideas concerning sla- 
 very, a strong tide of immigration came in from the East, and 
 soon changed this composition. In 1880, her now native 
 population were from colder soils. New York had furnished 
 143,290: Ohio gave 172,623: Pennsylvania 108,352: the 
 entire South gave us only 216,734. In all her cities, and in 
 all her German and Scandinavian and other foreign colonies, 
 Illinois has only about one-fifth of her people of foreign 
 birth. 
 
 PROGRESS OF DEVELOPMENT. 
 
 One of the greatest developments in the early history 
 of Illinois, is the Illinois and Michigan canal, connecting the 
 Illinois and Mississippi rivers with the lakes. It was of the 
 utmost importance to the State. It was recommended by 
 Governor Bond, the first governor, in his first message. Two 
 bright young engineers surveyed it, and estimated the cost 
 at $600,000 or $700,000. It finally cost $8,000,000? In 
 1825, a law was passed to incorporate the canal company, 
 but no stock was sold. In 1826, upon the solicitation of 
 Daniel P. Cook, congress gave 800,000 acres of land on the 
 line of the work. In 1828, anbther law-commissioner was 
 appointed, and work commenced with new survey and new 
 estimates. In 1834-35, George Farquar made an able 
 report on the whole matter. This was, doubtless, the 
 ablest report ever made to a western legislature, and it be- 
 came the model for subsequent reports and action. From 
 this the work went on until it was finished in 1848. It cost 
 the State a large amount-of money ; but it gave to the indus- 
 tries of the State an impetus that pushed it up into the first 
 rank of greatness. It was not built as a speculation. But 
 it has paid into the Treasury of the State an average annual 
 
 35
 
 36 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Dett sum of over 111,000. Pending the construction of the 
 canal, the land and town-lot fever broke out in the state, in 
 1834-35. It took on the malignant type in Chicago, lifting 
 the town up into a city. The disease spread over the entire 
 State and adjoining States. It was epidemic. It cut up 
 men's farms without regard to locality, and cut up the purses 
 of the purchasers without regard to consequences. There 
 was no lack of buyers ; speculators and money swarmed into 
 the country. This distemper seized upon the Legislature in 
 1836-37, and left not one to tell the tale. They enacted a 
 system of internal improvement without a parallel in the 
 grandeur of its conception. They ordered the construction 
 of 1 ,300 miles of railroad, crossing the State in all directions. 
 This was surpassed by the river and canal improvements. 
 There were a few counties not touched by either railroad or 
 river or canal, and those were to be comforted and compen- 
 sated by the free distribution of $200,000 among them. To 
 inflate this balloon beyond credence it was ordered that work 
 should be commenced on both ends of each of these railroads 
 and rivers, and at each river-crossing, all at the same time. 
 The appropriations for the vast improvements were over 
 $12,000,000, and commissioners were appointed to borrow 
 money on the credit of the State. Remember that all this -was 
 in the early days of railroading, when railroads were luxu- 
 ries ; that the State had whole counties with scarcely a 
 cabin, and that the population of the State was less than 
 400,000, and you can form some idea of the vigor with 
 which these brave men undertook the work of making a 
 great State. In the light of history it appears that this was 
 only a premature throb of the power that actually slumbered 
 in the soil of the State. It was Hercules in the cradle. At 
 this juncture the State bank loaned its funds largely to 
 Godfrey Gilman & Co., and other leading houses for the 
 purpose of drawing trade from St. Louis to Alton. Soon 
 they failed, and took down the bank with them. In 1840, 
 all hope seemed gone. A population of 480.000 were load- 
 ed with a debt of $14,000,000. It had only six small cities, 
 really only towns, namely: Chicago, Alton, Springfield, 
 Quincy, Galena and Nauvoo. This debt was to be cared 
 for when there was not a dollar in the treasury, and when 
 the State had borrowed itself out of all credit, and when 
 there was not good money enough in the hands of all the 
 people to pay the interest of the debt for a single year. Yet 
 in the presence of all these difficulties the young State 
 steadily refused to repudiate. Gov. Ford took hold of the 
 problem and solved it, bringing the State through in triumph. 
 Having touched lightly upon some of the most distinctive 
 points in the history of Illinois, let us next briefly consider 
 the 
 
 MATERIAL RESOURCES OF THE STATE. 
 
 It is substantially a garden four hundred miles long and 
 one hundred and fifty wide. Its soil is chiefly a black sandy 
 loam, varying from six inches to six feet thick. On the 
 American Bottoms it has been cultivated for over one hun- 
 dred and fifty years without renewal. About the old French 
 towns it has yielded corn for a century and a half without 
 rest or help. It produces nearly everything green in the tem- 
 perate and tropical zones ; she leads any of the other States 
 
 36 
 
 in the number of acres actually under plow. Her products 
 from 25,000,000 acresare incalculable. Her mineral wealth 
 is scarcely second to her agricultural power. She has coal, 
 iron, lead, copper, zinc, many varieties of building stone, 
 fire clay, cuma clay, common brick and tile clay, sands of 
 all kinds, gravel, mineral paint, everything needed for a 
 high civilization. Left to herself, she has the elements of 
 all greatness. The single item of coal is too vast for an 
 appreciative handling in figures. We can handle it in gene- 
 ral terms, like algebraical signs, but long before we get up 
 into the millions and billions, the human mind drops down 
 from comprehension to mere symbolic apprehension. Nearly 
 four-fifths of the entire State is underlaid with a deposit of 
 coal more than forty feet thick on the average, inclftding all 
 strata (now estimated by recent surveys, at seventy feet 
 thick). You can get some idea of its amount, as you do of the 
 amount of the national debt There it is, 41,000 square 
 miles, one vast mine into which you could bury scores of 
 European and ancient empires, and have room enough 
 all round to work without knowing that they had been 
 sepulchered there. Put this vast coal-bed down by the 
 other great coal deposits of the world, and its importance 
 becomes manifest. Great Britain, has 1 2,000 square miles 
 of coal; Spain 3,000; France 1,719; Belgium 578; Illi- 
 nois about twice as many square miles as all combined. 
 Virginia has 20,000 square miles ; Pennsylvania, 16,000 ; 
 Ohio, 12,000; Illinois has 31,000 square miles ; one-seventh 
 of all the known coal on this continent is in Illinois. 
 
 Could we sell the coal in this single State for one-seventh 
 of one cent a ton it would pay the national debt Great 
 Britain uses enough mechanical power to-day to give each 
 man, woman and child in the kingdom the help and service 
 of nineteen untiring servants. No wonder she has leisure 
 and luxuries. No wonder the home of the common artisan 
 has in it more luxuries than could be found in the palace of 
 good old King Arthur. Think, if you can conceive of it, of 
 the vast army of servants that slumber in Illinois, impatient- 
 ly awaiting the call of genius to come forth to minister to 
 our comfort At the present rate of consumption England's 
 coal supply will be exhausted in 250 years. At tho same 
 rate of consumption (which far exceeds our own) the deposit 
 of coal in Illinois will last 120,000 years. Let us now turn 
 from this reserve power to £he 
 
 ANNUAL PRODUCTS 
 
 of the State. "We shall not be humiliated in this field. Here 
 we strike the secret of our national credit. Nature provides 
 a market in the constant appetite of the race. For several 
 years past the annual production of wheat in Illinois has 
 exceeded 30,000,000. That is more wheat than was raised 
 by any other State in the Union ; with corn, she comes for- 
 ward with 140,000,000 bushels, twice as much as any other 
 State, and one-sixth of all the corn raised in the United 
 States. She harvested 2,767,000 tons of hay, nearly one- 
 tenth of ail the hay in the Republic. It is not generally 
 appreciated, but it is true, that the hay crop of the country 
 is worth more than the cotton crop ; the hay of Illinois equals 
 the cotton of Louisiana.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 37 
 
 The valuation of her farm implements is $230,000,000, 
 and the value of her livestock, is only second to the great 
 State of New York. She raises from 25,000,000 to 30,000,- 
 000 hogs annually, and according to the last census packed 
 about one h.sC.i of all that were packed in the United States. 
 This is no insignificant item. Pork is a growing demand of 
 the old world. Illinois marked $04,000,000 worth of 
 slaughtered animals ; more than any other State, and one- 
 seventh of all the States. 
 
 Illinois is a grand and wonderful State, peerless in the fer- 
 tility of her soil, and inexhaustible resources. She is fast 
 marching on towards her predestined place as first among the 
 sisterhood. 
 
 We subjoin a list of the things in which Illinois excels all 
 other States. 
 
 Depth and richness of soil ; per cent, of good ground ; 
 acres of improved land ; large farms — number of farmers ; 
 amount of wheat, corn oats, and honey produced ; value of 
 animals for slaughter; number of hogs; amount of pork; 
 and number of horses. 
 
 Illinois excels all other States in miles of railroads and in 
 miles of postal service, and in money orders sold per annum, 
 and in the amount of lumber sold in. her markets. She pays 
 a larger amount of internal revenue to the general govern- 
 ment than any other state. 
 
 Illinois is only second in many important matters. This 
 sample list comprises a few of the more important: 
 
 Permanent school fund (good for a young State) ; total 
 income for educational purposes; number of publishers of 
 books, maps, papers, etc- ; value of farm products and im- 
 plements, and of live stock ; in tons of coal mined. 
 
 The shipping of Illinois u only second to New York. Out 
 of one port during the business hours of the season of navi- 
 gation she sends forth a vessel every ten minutes. This does 
 not include canal boats, which go one every five minutes. 
 No wonder she is only second in number of bankers and 
 brokers or in physicians and surgeons. 
 
 She is third in colleges, teachers and schools ; cattle, lead, 
 hay, flax, sorghum, and beeswax. 
 
 She is fourth in population ; in children enrolled in public 
 schools, in law schools, in butter, potatoes, and carriages. 
 
 She is fifth in value of real and personal property, in theo- 
 logical seminaries and colleges exclusively for women, in 
 milk sold, and in boots and shoes manufactured, and in book- 
 binding. 
 
 She is only seventh in the production of wood, while she is 
 the twelfth in area. She now has much more wood and 
 growing timber than she had thirty years ago. 
 
 A few leading industries will justify emphasis. She man- 
 ufactures $210,000,000 worth of goods, which place her 
 nearly equal to New York and Pennsylvania. 
 
 In the number of copies of commercial and financial news- 
 papers issued, she is only second to New York, and in her 
 miles of railroads she leads all other States. More than two- 
 thirds of her land is within five miles of a railroad and less 
 than two per cent, is more than fifteen miles away. 
 
 The Religion and Morals of the State keep step with her 
 productions and growth. She was born of the missionary 
 
 spirit. It was a minister who secured her the ordinance of 
 1787, by which she has been saved from slavery, ignorance, 
 and dishonesty. Rev. Mr. Wiley, pastor of a Scotch congre- 
 gation in Randolph County, petitioned the Constitutional 
 Convention of 1818 to recognize Jesus Christ as King, and 
 the Scriptures as the only necessary guide and book of law. 
 The Convention did not act in the case, and the old cove- 
 nanters refused to accept citizenship. They never voted 
 until 1824, when the slavery question was submitted to the 
 people. But little mob violence has ever been felt in the 
 State. In 1817 the regulators disposed of a band of horse 
 thieves that infested the territory. The Mormon indignities 
 finally awoke the same spirit. Alton was also the scene of a 
 pro-slavery mob, in which Lovejoy w,as added to the list of 
 martyrs. The moral sense of the people makes the law 
 supreme, and gives the State unruffled peace. With about 
 $23,000,000 in church property, and 4,321 church organiza- 
 tions, the State has that divine police, the sleepless patrol of 
 moral ideas, that alone is able to secure perfect safety. Con- 
 science takes the knife from the assassin's hand and the blud- 
 geon from the grasp of the highwayman. We sleep in safety 
 not because we are behind bolts and bars — these only de- 
 fend the innocent ; not because a lone officer sleeps on a 
 distant corner of the street ; not because a sheriff may call 
 his posse from a remote part of the county ; but because con- 
 science guards the very portals of the air and stirs in the 
 deepest recesses of the public mind. This spirit issues within 
 the State 9,500,000 copies of religious papers annually, and 
 receives still more from without. Thus the crime of the 
 State is only one-fourth that of New York and one-half that 
 of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Illinois never had but one duel between her own citizens. 
 In Belleville, in 1820, Alphonso Stewart and William Ben- 
 nett arranged to vindicate injured honor. The seconds 
 agreed to make it a sham, and make them shoot blanks. 
 Stewart was in the secret Bennett mistrusted something, 
 and, unobserved, slipped a bullet into his gun and killed 
 Stewart. He then fled the State. After two years he was 
 caught, tried, convicted, and, in spite of friends and political 
 aid, was hung. This fixed the code of honor on a Christian 
 basis, and terminated its use in Illinois. The early preachers 
 were generally ignorant men, who were accounted eloquent 
 according to the strength of their voices. Gov. Ford says, 
 "Nevertheless these first preachers were of incalculable ben- 
 efit to the country. They inculcated justice and morality. 
 To them are we indebted for the first Christian character of 
 the Protestant portion of the people." 
 
 In Education, Illinois surpasses her material resources. The 
 ordinance of 1787 consecrated one thirty-sixth of her soil to 
 common schools, and the law of 1818, the first law that went 
 upon her statutes, gave three per cent, of all the rest to Educa- 
 tion. The old compact secures this interest forever, and by its 
 yoking together morality and intelligence it precludes the 
 legal interference with the Bible in the public schools. With 
 such a start it is natural that wc should have about 11,500 
 schools, and that our iliteracy should be less than New York 
 or Pennsylvania, and about one-half of Massachusetts. What 
 a grand showing for so young a State. These public schools
 
 38 
 
 'HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 soon made colleges inevitable. The first college, still flour- 
 ishing, was started in Lebanon in 1828, by he M. E. Church, 
 and named after Bishop McKendree. Illinois college at 
 Jacksonville followed in 1830, supported by the Presbyterians. 
 In 1832 the Baptists built Shurtleff college at Alton, and 
 Knox college at Galesburg followed in 1838, and Jubilee 
 college at Peoria in 1847, and the good Catholic missionaries 
 long prior to this had established in various parts of the State, 
 colleges, seminaries and parochial schools. After these early 
 years colleges have rained down. A settler could hardly 
 encamp on the prairie but a college would spring up by his 
 wagon. The State now has one very well endowed and 
 equipped university, namely the North-western University, 
 at Evanston, with six colleges, ninety instructors, over one 
 thousand students, and $1,500,000 endowment Rev. J. M. 
 Peck was the first educated Protestant minister in the State. 
 He settled at Rock Spring, St. Clair County, about 1820, and 
 has left his impress on the State. He was a large contribu- 
 tor to the literature of that day in this State ; about 1 837 he 
 published a Gazetteer of Illinois. Soon after John Russell, 
 of BlufTdale, published essays and tales showing genius. 
 Judge James Hall published the Illinois Monthly Magazine 
 with great ability, and an annual called The Western Sou- 
 venir, which gave him an enviable fame all over the United 
 States. From these beginnings, Illinois has gone on till she 
 has more volumes in public libraries even than Massachu- 
 setts, and of the 44,500,000 volumes in all the public libra- 
 ries of the United Sates, she has one-thirteenth. 
 
 In 1860 she had eighteen colleges and seminaries ; in 1870 
 she had eighty. 
 
 That is a grand advance for the war decade. Her growth 
 in the last ten years has been equally marvellous. 
 
 This brings us to a record unsurpassed in any age. 
 
 THE WAR RECORD OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 We hardly know where to begin, or how to advance, or 
 what to say, as we can at best give only a broken synopsis 
 of her gallant deeds. Her sons have always been foremost 
 on fields of danger. In the war of 1812 she aided in main- 
 taining national sovereignty. In 1831-32, at the call of 
 Gov. Reynolds, her sons drove Blackhawk over the Missis- 
 sippi. 
 
 When the Mexican war came, in May, 1846, 8,370 men 
 offered themselves when only 3,720 could be accepted. The 
 fields of Buena Vista, Chapultepec and Vera Cruz, and the 
 storming of Cerro Gordo, will perpetuate the bravery and 
 the glory of the Illinois soldier. But it was reserved till 
 rtur day for her sons to find a field and a cause and a foe- 
 man that could fitly illustrate their spirit and heroism. 
 Illinois put into her own regiments for the United States 
 government 256,000 men, and into the army through other 
 states enough to swell the number to 290,000. This far ex- 
 ceeds all the soldiers of the federal government in all the 
 war of the revolution. Her total years of service were 
 600,000. She enrolled men from eighteen to forty-five 
 years of age when the law of Congress in 1864 — the test 
 time — only asked for those from twenty to forty-five. Her 
 enrollment was otherwise excessive. Her people wanted to 
 
 38 
 
 go and did not take the pains to correct the enrollment. 
 Thus the basis of fixing the quota was too great, and then 
 the quota itself, at least in the trying time, was far above 
 any other State. Thus the demand on some counties, as 
 Monroe, for example, took every able-bodied man in the 
 county, and then did not have enough to fill the quota. 
 Moreover, Illinois sent 20,844 men for ninety or one hundred 
 days, for whom no credit was asked. When Mr. Lincoln's 
 attention was called to the inequality of the quota compared 
 with other states, he replied, " The country needs the sacri- 
 fice. We must put the whip on the free horse." In spite 
 of these disadvantages Illinois gave to the country 73,000 
 years of service above all calls. With one-thirteenth of 
 the population of the loyal States, she sent regularly one- 
 tenth of all the soldiers, and in the peril of the closing 
 calls, when patriots were few and weary, she then sent one- 
 eighth of all that were called for by her loved and honored 
 son in the White House. Her mothers and daughters went 
 into the fields to raise the grain and keep the children to- 
 gether, while the fathers and older sons went to the harvest 
 fields of the world. What a glorious record there is treas- 
 ured up in the history of this great country for the patriotic 
 Illinois soldier. Her military record during the Rebellion 
 stands peerless among the other States. Ask any soldier 
 with a good record of his own, who is thus able to judge, 
 and he will tell you that the Illinois men went in to win. 
 It is common history that the greater victories were won in 
 the West. When everything else was dark, Illinois was gain- 
 ing victories all down the river, and dividing the confederacy, 
 Sherman took with him on Lis great march forty-five regi 
 ments of Illinois infantry, three companies of artillery, and 
 one company of calvary. He could not avoid going to the 
 sea. Lincoln answered all rumors of Sherman's defeat with 
 " It is impossible ; there is a mighty sight of fight in 100,- 
 000 Western men." Illinois soldiers brought home 300 
 battle-flags. The first United States flag that floated over 
 Richmond was an Illinois flag She sent messengers and 
 nurses to every field and hospital, to care for her sick and 
 wounded sons. When individuals had given all, then cities 
 and towns came forward with their credit to the extent- of 
 many millions, to aid these men and their families. Illinois 
 gave the country the great general of the war — Ulysses S. 
 Grant — since honored with two terms of the Presidency of 
 the United States. 
 
 One other name from Illinois comes up in all minds, 
 embalmed in all hearts, that must hav£ the supreme place 
 in this story of our glory and of our nation's honor : that 
 name is Abiaham Lincoln, of Illinois. The analysis of Mr. 
 Lincoln's character is difficult on account of its symmetry. 
 In this age we look with admiration at his uncompromising 
 honesty. And well we may, for this saved us thousands 
 throughout the length and breadth of our country who knew 
 him only as "Honest Old Abe," and voted for him on that 
 account ; and wisely did they choose, for no other man could 
 have carried us through the fearful night of the war. 
 When his plans were too vast for our comprehension and 
 his faith in the cause too sublime for our participation, 
 when it was all night about us, and all dread before us.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 39 
 
 and all sad and desolate behind us : when not one ray shone 
 upon our cause ; when traitors were haughty and exultant 
 at the south, and fierce and blasphemous at the North ; 
 when the loyal men here seemed almost in the minority; 
 when the stoutest heart quailed, when generals were defeat- 
 ing each other for place, and contractors were leeching out 
 the very heart's blood of the prostrate republic: when 
 everything else had failed us, we looked at thi3 calm, patient 
 man standing like a rock in the storm and said, " Mr. Lin- 
 coln is honest, and we will trust him still." Holding to this 
 single point with the energy of faith and despair we held 
 together, and, under God, he brought us through to victory. 
 His practical wisdom made him the wonder of all lands. 
 With such certainty did Mr. Lincoln follow causes to their 
 ultimate effects, that his foresight of contingencies seemed 
 almost prophetic. He is radiant with all the great virtues, 
 and his memory shall shed a gloi-y upon this age that shall 
 fill the eyes of men as they look into history. Other men 
 have excelled him in some points, but taken at all points, all 
 in all, he stands head and shoulders above every other man 
 of six thousand years. An administrator, he served the 
 nation in the perils of unparalleled civil war. A statesman, 
 he justified his measures by their success. A philanthropist, 
 he gave liberty to one race and salvation to another. A 
 moralist, he bowed from the summit of human power to the 
 foot of the Cross, and became a Christian. A mediator, he 
 exercised mercy under the most absolute obedience to law. 
 A leader, he was no partizan. A commander, he was un- 
 tainted with blood. A ruler in desperate times, he was 
 unsullied with crime. A man, he has left no word of pas- 
 sion, no thought of malice, no trick of craft, no act of 
 jealousy, no purpose of selfish ambition. Thus perfected, 
 without a model and without a peer, he was dropped into 
 these troubled years to adorn and embellish all that is good 
 and all that is great in our humanity, and to present to all 
 coming time the divine idea of free government. It is not 
 too much to say that away down in the future, when the 
 Republic has fallen from its niche in the wall of time; when 
 the great war itself shall have faded out in the distance like 
 a mist on the horizon ; and when the Anglo-Saxon language 
 shall be spoken only by the tongue of the stranger, then the 
 generation looking this way shall see the great President as 
 the supreme figure in this vortex of hist ry. 
 
 CIVIL ORGANIZATION. 
 
 The history of Illinois has been traced while a possession 
 of France, and when under the British government ; and 
 the formation of Illinois as a County of Virginia has been 
 noted. The several States afterwards agreed on the adop- 
 tion of Articles of the Confederation, to cede their claims to 
 the western land to the General government. Virginia 
 executed her deed of cession March 1st, 1784. For several 
 years after, there was an imperfect admistration of the law 
 in Illinois. The French customs partly held force, and 
 affairs were partly governed by the promulgations of the 
 British commandants issued from Fort Chartres, and by the 
 regulations which had subsequently been issued bv the Vir- 
 ginia authorities. 
 
 By the ordinance of 1787, all the territory north-west of 
 the Ohio was constituted into one district, the laws to be 
 administered by a governor and secretary ; a court was insti- 
 tuted of three judges. A general assembly was provided 
 for, the members to be chosen by the people. General 
 Arthur St. Clair was selected by Congress, as Governor of 
 the north-western territory. The seat of government was at 
 Marietta, Ohio. 
 
 In the year 1795, Governor St. Clair divided St. Clair 
 County. All south of a line running through the New 
 Design settlement fin the present County of Monroe) was 
 erected into the County of Randolph. In honor of Edmund 
 Randolph of Virginia, the new county received its name. 
 
 Shadrach Bond, afterwards the first Governor, was elected 
 from Illinois, a member of the Territorial Legislature which 
 convened at Cincinnati, in January, 1799. In 1800 the 
 Territory of Indiana was formed, of which Illinois consti- 
 tuted a part, with the seat of government at Vincennes. 
 About 1806, among other places in the West, Aaron Burr 
 visited Kajkaskia in an endeavor to enlist men for his 
 treasonable scheme against the government. In 1805, 
 George Fisher was elected from Randolph County a mem- 
 ber of the Territorial Legislature, and Pierre Menard was 
 chosen member of the Legislative Council. 
 
 By act of Congress, 1809, the Territory of Illinois was 
 constituted. Ninian Edwards was appointed Governor of 
 the newly organized Territory, and the seat of government 
 established at Kaskaskia. ' Nathaniel Pope, a relative of 
 Edwards, received the appointment of Secretary. 
 
 For nearly four years after the organization of the Terri- 
 torial Government no legislature existed in Blinois. An 
 election for representatives was held on the eighth, ninth, 
 and tenth of October, 1812. Shadrach Bond, then a resi- 
 dent of St. Clair County, was elected the first Delegate to 
 Congress from Illinois. Pierre Menard was chosen from 
 Randolph County member of the Legislative Council, and 
 George Fisher of the House of Representatives. The Legis- 
 lature convened at Kaskaskia on the twenty-fifth of Novem- 
 ber, 1812. 
 
 In April, 1818, a bill providing for the ad:niisiou of Illi- 
 nois into the Union as a sovereign State was passed by Con- 
 gress. A Convention to frame a Constitution assemblel at 
 Kaskaskia in the following July. The first election under 
 the Constitution was held in September, 1818, and Shadrach 
 Bond was elected Governor, and Pierre Menard, Lieutenant 
 Governor Illinois was now declared by Congress admitted 
 to the Union as on an equal footing in all respects with the 
 original States. The Legislature again met at Kaskaskia in 
 January, 1819. This was the last session ever held at Kas- 
 kaskia. Vandalia, the same year, was selected as the Capital 
 of the State. It was stipulated that Vandalia was to be the 
 Capital for twenty years. At the end of that period it was 
 changed to Springfield. Below we give list of governors 
 and staff officers of Illinois. 
 
 Illinois was constituted a separate Territory by act of Con- 
 gress February 3d, 1809. The boundaries were described 
 as follows : 
 
 88
 
 40 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ILLINOIS TERRITORY. 
 
 from 1809, 
 
 to 1882. 
 
 * " That from and after the first day of March next, all 
 that part of the Indiana Territory which lies west of the 
 Wabash river and a direct linedrawn from the said Wabash 
 river and Post Vincennes due north to the territorial line 
 between the United States and Canada, shall for the purpose 
 of temporary government, constitute a separate territory, and 
 be called ' Illinois.' " 
 
 The seat of government was fixed at Kaskaskia. 
 
 The territorial government was continued under the first 
 grade from 1809 until 1812, when by a vote of the people 
 the second grade was adopted. 
 
 Under the first grade, the Governor and Judges, who 
 received their appointment from the President, constituted 
 the Legislative Council, and enacted laws for the govern- 
 ment of the people. The Governor possessed almost un- 
 limited power in the appointment of officers ; the Secretary 
 of the Territory being the only officer, not appointed by the 
 Governor. 
 
 Under the second grade, the people elected the Legisla- 
 ture, which was composed of a Legislative Council and a 
 House of Representatives. The Legislative Council was 
 composed of five members, and the House of Representatives 
 of seven members. 
 
 The Legislature enacted the laws for the government of 
 the people, but the Governor was possessed of the absolute 
 veto power, and was therefore in position to dictate the laws, 
 if he chose to exercise the power. 
 
 The people also elected the Delegate to Congress by popu- 
 lar vote. 
 
 Territorial Officer*. 
 
 The following is a complete roster of territorial officers 
 from 1S09 until the organization of the State government 
 in 1818 : 
 
 John Rovle -„ 
 
 Niniau Edwards 
 
 GOVERNORS. 
 
 March 7, 1809. Declined. 
 
 „ April 24, 1809, to December 6, 1818. 
 
 The term of the Governor's appointment was two years. Governor Edwards 
 was re-appointed from time to time, as his term expired, and served through 
 the entire territorial government. 
 
 SECRETARIES. 
 
 Nathaniel Pope.. 
 Joseph Phillips.. 
 
 March 7, 1800, to December 17, 1816. 
 
 -December 17, 1816, to October 6, 1818. 
 
 AUDITORS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS. 
 
 H. IT. Maxwell-... 
 
 Daniel P. Cook 
 
 R.-.bert Blackwell.. 
 Elij»h C. Berry 
 
 1812 to 1816. 
 
 -—January IS, 1816, to April, 1817. 
 
 April \ 1*17, to August, 1817. 
 
 August 28, 1817, to Octobers 1818. 
 
 ATTORXETS-GEXERAL. 
 
 Benjamin IT. Doyle -Inlv 24, 1S09, to December, 1809. 
 
 John J. Crittenden December SO, 18uo, to April, 1810. 
 
 • T. Crittenden \j>ril 7. 1*10, to October, mo. 
 
 Benjamin M. Piatt October -".', IStO, to June, 1813. 
 
 William Hears.- - June 23, 1813, to February 17, 1818. 
 
 • From Legislative Directory, published 1881. 
 
 H 
 
 TREASURERS. 
 John Thomas - 1812 to 1818. 
 
 DELEGATES TO CONGRESS. 
 
 Shadrach Bond December, 1812, to 1814. 
 
 Benjamin Stephenson September 29, 1814, to 1817. 
 
 Nathaniel Pope _ .0817 to 1818. 
 
 JUDGES. 
 
 Ohadiah Jones, March 7,1809. 
 
 Alexander Stuart March 7, 1809. Resigned. 
 
 !i. Thomas March 7,1809. 
 
 Stanley Griswold _ March Hi, 1810. Vice Stuart. 
 
 William Spring July 29, 1813. 
 
 Thomas Towles October 28, '815. 
 
 Daniel Cook. (Western circuit.) -...January 13, 1818. 
 
 John Warnock. (Western circuit.) Junes, 1818. 
 
 John McLean. (Eastern circuit) -January 13, 1818. Declined. 
 
 Elias Kent Kane. (Eastern circuit.) February 17, 1818. 
 
 William Mears. (Eastern circuit.) -February 17,1818. 
 
 Jeptha Hardin. (Eastern circuit.) March 3," 1818. 
 
 ADJUTAXTS-GESERAL. 
 
 Elias Rector _. Mav 3, 1809, to Julv 18, 1809. 
 
 Robert Morrison July 18, 1809, to Mav 28, 1810. 
 
 Elias Rector Mav 28, 1810, to October 25 1813. 
 
 Benjamin Stephenson „. December 13. 1813, to October 27, 1814. 
 
 Wm. Alexander ~ October 27, 1814, to December, 1818. 
 
 First Territorial Legislature— 1818. 
 
 Convened at Kaskaskia on the 25th day of November, A. D. 1812. Adjourned 
 the 26th day of December, 1812. Second session convened and adjourned 
 November 8, A. D. 1813. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President Pierre Menard. 
 
 Secretary - — John Thomas. 
 
 Doorkeeper Thomas Van Swearingen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Pierre Menard „ Randolph. Samuel Judy 
 
 Benjamin Talbott. Gallatin. 
 
 William Biggs St. Clair. 
 
 Thomas Ferguson . 
 
 - — Madison. 
 .. — Johnson. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Speaker -«.« —. -George Fisher. 
 
 Oerk -William C Greenup. 
 
 Doorkeeper - ..Thomas Van Swearingen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 George Fisher . — Randolph. 
 
 Alexander Wilson- Gallatin. 
 
 Phillip Trammel _. Gallatin. 
 
 John Grammar Johnson. 
 
 Joshua Oglesby St. Clair. 
 
 Jacob Short- St. Clair. 
 
 William Jones Madison. 
 
 1814. 
 
 Second Territorial Le*£tslat 
 
 FIRST SESSION". 
 
 Convened at Kaskaskia the 14th day of November, A. D. 1814. Adjourned 
 December 24, A. D., 1814. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President.... 
 
 Secretory 
 
 Doorkeeper.. 
 
 ....Pierre Menard. 
 ..-John Thomas. 
 —Thomas Stuart. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Pierre Menard Randolph. 
 
 William Bieg* *t. Clair. 
 
 Benjamin Talbott Gallatin. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Samuel Judy Madison. 
 
 Thomas Ferguson Johnson. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Sneaker - - - Risdon Moore. 
 
 Oar* - - William Mears. 
 
 Doorkeeper - Thomas Stuart. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Risdon Moore St. Clair. 
 
 William Rabb Madison. 
 
 James Lemen, Jr St. Clair. 
 
 James Gilbreath* Randolph. 
 
 Phillip Trammel _ Gallatin. 
 
 Thomas C. Browne— Gallatin. 
 
 Owen Evans -.Johnson. 
 
 Second Territorial Legislature— IS 15. 
 
 SECOND SESSION 
 
 Convened pursuant to adjournment, the 4th day of December, A. D. 1815. 
 Adjourned January 11, A. D. 1816. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. 
 
 0FFICEES. 
 
 President - Pierre Menard. 
 
 Secretary -John Thomas. 
 
 Enrolling and Engrossing Clerk Wm. C. Greenup. 
 
 Doorkeeper Ezra Owen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Pierre Menard -Randolph. 
 
 Samuel Judv Madison. 
 
 Benjamin Talbott Gallatin. 
 
 • Expelled 
 
 William Biggs St. Clair. 
 
 Thomas Ferguson. Johnson.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 41 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Speaker Riadon Moore. 
 
 Clerk Daniel P. Cook. 
 
 Doorkeeper Ezra Owen. 
 
 Enrolling and Engrossing CUrk Wm. C.Greenup. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Risdon Moore St. Clair. 
 
 Phillip Trammel Gallatin. 
 
 Thomas C. Browne Gallatin. 
 
 Jarvis Hazelton Randolph. 
 
 Third Territorial 1.. «i*lal ore Mii-17. 
 
 FIRST SESSION. 
 
 Convened at Kaskaskia the 2d day of December, A. D. 181G. 
 January 14, A. D. 1817. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. 
 
 John G. Lofton Madison. 
 
 William Rabb Madison. 
 
 James Lomen, Jr St. Clair. 
 
 Adjourned 
 
 OFFICERS, 
 
 President • Pierre Menard. 
 
 Secretary Joseph Conway. 
 
 Enrolling and Engro sing Clerk R. K. McLaughlin. 
 
 Doorkeeper .' Ezra Owen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Pierre Menard Randolph. 
 
 John G. Lofton Madison. 
 
 Abraham Amoj St. Clair. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 John Grammar Johnson. 
 
 Thomas C. Browne Gallatin. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Speaker George Fisher. 
 
 Clerk Daniel P. Cook. 
 
 Enrolling and Engrossing Clerk R. K. McLaughlin. 
 
 Doorkeeper Ezra Owen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 George Fisher. Randolph. 
 
 C. R. Matheny St. Clair. 
 
 Wm. H. Bradsby St. Clair. 
 
 Nathan Davis .Jackson. 
 
 Joseph Palmer Johnson. 
 
 Seth Gard Edwards. 
 
 Samuel Omelveny Pope. 
 
 Third Territorial Legislature— 1817-18. 
 
 SECOND SESSION. 
 
 Convened at Kaskaskia the 1st day of December, A. D. 1817. Adjourned 
 January 12, A. D. 1818. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President Pierre Menard. 
 
 Secretary Joseph Conway. 
 
 Enrolling an I Engrossing Clerk R. K. McLaughlin. 
 
 Doorkeeper .". Ezra Owen. 
 
 Pierre Menard Randolph. 
 
 Abraham Arv.os Monroe. 
 
 John Grimmar Johnson. 
 
 John G. Lofton Madison. 
 
 Thomas C. Browne Gallatin. 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Speaker : George Fisher. 
 
 Clerk Daniel P. Cook. 
 
 Enrolling and Engrossing Clerk It. K. McLaughlin. 
 
 Doorkeeper '. Ezra Owen. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 George Fisher Randolph 
 
 Chas. R. Matheny... St, Clair. 
 
 Willis Hargraves White. 
 
 Wm. H. Bradsby St. Clair. 
 
 Joseph Palmer". Johnson. 
 
 M. S. Davenport Gallatin. 
 
 First Constitutional Convention. 
 
 CONVENTION OF 1818. 
 
 Assembled at Kaskaskia, July — , 1818. Adjourned August 26, 
 1818. Thirty-three delegates. One member from Washington county 
 died during the sitting of the convention ; name unknown. Constitu- 
 tion adopted in convention without .being submitted to a vote of the 
 people. Approved by Congress, December 3, 1818. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President Jesse B. Thomas. 
 
 Secretary William C. Greenup. 
 
 DELEGATES. 
 
 St- Clair — Jesse B. Thomas, John Messinger, James Lernen, Jr. 
 Randolph — George Fisher, Elias Kent Kane. 
 
 Madison — Benjamin Stephenson, Joseph Borough, Abraham Pric- 
 kett. 
 
 Gallatin— Michael Jones, Leonard White, Adolphus F. Hubbard. 
 
 Johnson — Hezekiah West, Wm. McFatridge. 
 
 Ednards Seth Gard, Levi Compton. 
 
 White— Willis Hargrave, Wm McIIenry. 
 
 Monroe— Caldwell Cams, Enoch Moore, 
 
 Pope — Samuel Omelveny, Hamlet Ferguson. 
 
 Jackson— Conrad Will, James Hall, Jr. 
 
 Crawford -Joseph Kilehell, Edward N. Cnllom. 
 
 Bond— Thomas Kirkpatrick, Samuel G. Morse. 
 
 Union — William Echols, John Whiteaker. 
 
 Washington — Andrew Bankson. 
 
 Franklin— Isham Harrison, Thomas Roberts. 
 
 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Under the constitution of 1818 the elective officers were the Gover- 
 nor and Lieutenant-Governor, who held office for four years. The 
 election returns were transmitted by the returning officers, directed to 
 the Speaker of the House of Representatives, whose duty it was to 
 open and publish them in the presence of a majority of each house of 
 the General Assembly. In case of a tie, the choice was made by a 
 joint ballot of both houses. The first election for Governor and 
 Lieutenant-Governor was held on the third Thursday of September, 
 A. D. 1818. Thereafter the elections were held every four years 
 on the first Monday of August. 
 
 The Secretary of State was appointed by the Governor, with the 
 advice and consent of the Senate. 
 
 The Auditor of Public Accounts, Treasurer and Attorney-General 
 were elected by the General Assembly, and held office for two years 
 respectively. 
 
 By the constitution of 1848, all these officers were made elective by 
 the people, except the Attorney-General, which office was abolished . 
 The terra of office for each was four years, except the Treasu rer, 
 which was two years. 
 
 The office of Attorney-General was again created by law, in 1867, 
 and the term fixed at two years. The office was first filled by 
 appointment by the Governor, and at the expiration of the term by 
 election by the people. 
 
 The constitution of 1870 provides that the Executive Department 
 shall consist of a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, 
 Auditor of Public Accounts, Treasurer, Superintendent of Public In- 
 struction, and Attorney-General, who shall each, with the exception 
 of the Treasurer, hold office for four years from the second Monday in 
 January next after election. The Treasurer holds office for two years, 
 and is ineligible for re-election until the expiration of two years next 
 after the end of his term. The first election under the constitution of 
 1870 was'held November 5, A. D. 1872. 
 
 By a law passed in 1849 the Secretary of State was made ex-officio 
 State Superintendent of Public Sohools. In 1854 the law establish- 
 ing a system of free schools created the office of State Superintendent, 
 and provided for the appointment by the Governor, upon the taking 
 effect of the law, of some person to hold office until the election in 
 1855, when a State Superintendent should be elected, and every two 
 years thereafter. • 
 
 The offices of Adjutant-General, State Geologist, and Entomolo- 
 gist, are created by law, and filled by appointment of the Governor. 
 
 STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 Governors. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Shadrach Bond.... 
 
 Edward Coles 
 
 Ninian Edwards.. 
 John Reynolds 
 
 Wm. 1j. D. Ewing 
 
 Joseph Duncan 
 
 Thomas Carlin 
 
 Thomas Ford 
 
 Augustas C. French.. 
 Augustus C. French.. 
 
 When 
 inaugurated. 
 
 From what 
 county 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Oct. 6, 1818 
 
 Dec. 5, 1822... 
 Dec. 6, 1826.. 
 Dee. 9, 1830... 
 
 Nov. 17, 18.34. 
 
 Dec. 3, 1834 
 
 Dec. 7, 1838.... 
 
 Deo. 8, 1842 
 
 I'-.'. !i, 184(i 
 
 Jan. 8, 1849 
 
 St. Clair... 
 Madison.. 
 Madison.. 
 St. Clair.., 
 
 Fayette.... 
 Morgan.... 
 
 Greene 
 
 Ogle 
 
 Crawford- 
 Crawford.. 
 
 Joel A. Motteson Jan., 1853 
 
 Wm. II. Bissell Ian. 12, 1857.... 
 
 John Wood Mar. 21, 1800... 
 
 Jan. 14, 1801.. 
 Jan. 18,1886... 
 Jan. 11, 1809.. 
 Jan. 13, 1873.. 
 
 Jan/->3, 1873.. 
 
 Jan. 8,1877... 
 
 Richard Yates 
 
 Richard J. Oglesby.. 
 
 John M. Palmer 
 
 Richard J. Oglesby.. 
 
 John L. Beveridge... 
 
 Shelby M. Cullom 
 
 Shelby M. Cullom Uan. 10, 1881.. 
 
 41 
 
 Will 
 
 Monroe... 
 Adams.... 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Macon 
 
 Macoupin . 
 Macon 
 
 Cook- 
 
 Sangamon. 
 Sangamon.. 
 
 Resigned Nov. 17, 1834. 
 
 Elected Rep. to Congress. 
 Vice Reynolds. 
 
 Re-elected under Const'n 
 of 1847. 
 
 Died March 15, 18C0. 
 Succeeded to the office vice 
 Bissell. 
 
 Resigned Jan. 23, 187C. 
 
 Elected U. 8. Senator. 
 Succeeded to office, vice 
 
 Oglesby resigned.
 
 42 
 
 HISTORY OF SCnUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Lieut* >nant -Governors. 
 
 Name 
 
 When From what 
 inaugurated county. 
 
 Pierre Menard Oct 6, 1818.. 
 
 Adolphus F. Hubbard.. Dec. 5, 1822- 
 
 William Kinney- Dec. 6, 1826_ 
 
 ZadokCasev Dec. 9, 1830.. 
 
 Wm. L. D. Ewing Mar. 1, 1833- 
 
 Alex. M Jenkins Dec. 5, 1834- 
 
 Wm. H. PaTidsou Dec. 9. 1836- 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Stinson H. Anderson. 
 
 John Moore 
 
 Joseph B. Wells , 
 
 Wm. McMurtry- 
 
 Gustavus Koarner 
 
 John Wood 
 
 Dec. 7, 1838.. 
 Dec. 8, 1842.. 
 Dec. 9, 1846.. 
 Jan. 8, 1849- 
 Jan. 1853.. 
 Jan. 12, 1857- 
 
 Thomas A. Marshall Jan. 7, 1861_ 
 
 Francis A. Hoffman Tan. 
 
 William Bross- Jan. 
 
 John Dougherty- Jan. 
 
 John L. Beveridge Jan. 
 
 John Early _ {Jan. 
 
 Archibald A. Glenn Jan. 
 
 Andrew Shuman Jan. 
 
 John Hamilton Jan. 
 
 14, 1861. 
 16, 1865. 
 11, 1869. 
 13, 1873. 
 
 23, 1873. 
 
 8, 1875. 
 
 8, 1877. 
 U, 1881. 
 
 Randolph. 
 Gallatin ... 
 St. Clair... 
 
 Jefferson (Resigned March 1, 1833 
 
 Fayette j President of Senate and Act- 
 
 I ing Lieut-Governor. 
 
 Jackson 'Resigned. 
 
 White President of Senate and Act-- 
 
 ing Lieut-Governor.-. 
 Jefferson- 
 McLean 
 
 Rock IslauU 
 
 Knox 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 Adams 
 
 Coles . 
 
 Cook ..... 
 
 Cook 
 
 Union 
 
 Cook 
 
 Winnebago. 
 
 Succeeded to office of Gov 
 vice Bissell dec'd Mar. 21, 
 
 1860. 
 President of Senate and Act- 
 ing Lieut-Governor. 
 
 Cook 
 
 McLean . 
 
 Succeeded to office of Gov. 
 
 vice Oglesby elec'd U. S Sen 
 
 President of Senate and Act- 
 ing Lieut-Governor. 
 
 President of Senate and Act- 
 ing Lieut-Governor. 
 
 Secretaries of State. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Appointed or From what 
 qualified. county. 
 
 Elias Kent Kane Oct. 6. 1818- 
 
 Samuel D. Lockwood— ;De-\ 18, 1822- 
 
 David Blaekwell 'April 2, 1821. 
 
 Morris Birkbeck — Oct. 15, 1824- 
 
 George Forquer -Jan. 17, 1825.. 
 
 Alexander P. Field Dec. 31, 1828- 
 
 Stephen A. Douglas -Nov. 30, 1840- 
 
 Lyman Trumbull Feb. 27, 1841. 
 
 Thompson Campbell— ! Mar. 4, 1843. 
 
 Horaces. Cooley |Dec\ 23, 1846- 
 
 Horace S. Cooley {Jan. 8,1849.. 
 
 David L.Greggs April 10, 1850- 
 
 Alexander Starne Jan. 10, 1853- 
 
 Oiias M. Hatch Jan. 12, 1857- 
 
 OziasM. Hatch Jan. 14, 1861- 
 
 Sharon Tyndale Jan. 16, 1865- 
 
 Edward Rummel Jan. 11, 1868- 
 
 George H. Harrow Jan. 13, 1873- 
 
 George H. Harrow Jan. 8. 1877- 
 
 Henry C. Dement.- Jan. 10, 1881. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Kaskaskia... Resignea Dec. 16, 1822. 
 
 Madison Resigned April 2, 1823. 
 
 St. Clair Resigned Oct. 15, 1824. 
 
 Edwards Resigned Jan. 15, 1825. 
 
 Sangamon... Resigned Dec. 31, 1828. 
 
 Union 'Removed Nov. 30, 1840. 
 
 Morgan Resigned Feb. 27, 1841. 
 
 St. Clair IRemoved March 4, 1813. 
 
 JoDaviess ...[Resigned Dec. 23, 1846. 
 
 Adams 
 Adams. 
 
 Cook 
 
 Pike 
 
 Pike 
 
 Pike 
 
 St. Clair- 
 Peoria 
 
 Tazewell . 
 Tazewell . 
 Lee 
 
 Appointed by Gov. French. 
 
 Elected under Constitution 
 
 of 1848. Died April 2, 1850. 
 
 Auditors of Public Accounts. 
 
 Name. 
 
 When 
 qualified. 
 
 From what 
 county. 
 
 Elijah C. Berry Oct. 9, 1818- Favette 
 
 Elijah C. Berry April 6, 1819. " 
 
 James T. B. Stapp Aug. 27, 1831. •' 
 
 Levi Davis Nov. 16, 1835- " 
 
 James Shields Mar. 4, 1841.. Randolph 
 
 Wm. D. L. Ewing- Mar. 26, 1843- Favette 
 
 Thomas H. Campbell... Mar. 26, 1816.. Randolph- 
 Thomas H. Campbell... Jan. 7,1847-| " 
 
 Jesse K. Dubois- iJan. 12, 1857- Lawrence ... 
 
 Jesse K. Dubois Jan. 14, 1861- " 
 
 Orlin H. Miner... Dec. li, 1864.. Sangamon. .. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 < harles E. Lippincott- Jan. 11,18'.'.).. 
 
 Charlcs E. Lippincott.. Jan. II, 187!.. 
 
 Thomas B. Needles Ian. 8, 1877- 
 
 Charles P. Swigert Jan. 10, 1881- 
 
 Cass 
 
 Washington 
 Kankakee. .. 
 
 Died. 
 
 Vice Ewing, deceased. 
 
 Superintendent of Public Instruction. 
 
 Name. 
 
 When 
 qualified 
 
 Ninian W. Edwards Mch. 24, 1854- 
 
 Wm. H. Powell Jan'y 12, 1857- 
 
 Js'ewton Bateman Jan'y 1,1859.. 
 
 Newton Bateman Jan'y 4,1861- 
 
 John P, Brooks Jan'y 12, 1863- 
 
 Newton Bateman Jan'y 10, 1865. 
 
 Newton Bateman Jan'y — ,1867. 
 
 Newton Bateman Jan'y — ,1871- 
 
 feam'l M. Etter Jan'y 11, 1876- 
 
 Jarees P. Slade Jan'y 13, 1879- 
 
 From what 
 county. 
 
 Sangamon. 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Sangamo 
 
 McLean... 
 St. Clair.... 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Appointed by the Governor 
 
 43 
 
 State Treasurers. 
 
 Name. 
 
 When 
 qualified 
 
 From what 
 county. 
 
 John Thomas 1818. 
 
 R. K. McLaugnlin Aug. 2, 1819. 
 
 Abner Field Jan. 14, 1823. 
 
 James Hall- Feb. 12. 1827. 
 
 John Dement Feb. 5, 1831. 
 
 Charles Gregory Dec. 5, 1836. 
 
 John D. Whiteside Mch 4, 1837. 
 
 Milton Carpenter Merf. 6, 1841. 
 
 John Moore.- I Aug. 14, 1848. 
 
 John Moore jDec. 16, 1850. 
 
 James Miller Jan. 12, 1857. 
 
 William Butler Sept 3, 18.VJ. 
 
 William Butler {Jan. 14, 1861. 
 
 Alexander Starne.— Jan. 12, 1863. 
 
 James H Beveridge .Jan. 9, 1865. 
 
 George W. Smith (Jan. 10, 1867. 
 
 Erastus N. Bates Ian. 11, 1809. 
 
 Erastus N.Bates Nov. 8,1870. 
 
 Edward Ruiz Jan. 13, 1873. 
 
 Thos. S. Ridgeway Jan. 11, 1875. 
 
 Edward Rutz Jan. 8, 1877. 
 
 John C. Smith- Jan. 13, 1879 
 
 Edward Rutz Jan. 10, 1881. 
 
 St. Clair.... 
 i Fayette ... 
 
 Union 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Franklin .. 
 Greene — 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Hamilton.. 
 | McLean- 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Died. 
 
 Appointed vice Carpenter. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 Resigned Sept. 3,1859. 
 
 Appointed, vice Miller. 
 
 Dekalb 
 
 ;0ook 
 
 {Marion 
 
 St. Clair 
 
 I Gallatin 
 
 !St. Clair 
 
 JoDaviess ... 
 .Cook — 
 
 Resigned Dec. 3, 1836. 
 
 Attorneys-General. 
 
 When 
 qualified. 
 
 From what 
 county. 
 
 Daniel Pope Cook Mch. 5, 1819 
 
 William Mears Dec. 14, 1819. 
 
 Sam'l D. Lockwood Feb. 26, 1821. 
 
 James Turney- Jan'y 14, 1823. 
 
 James Turney Jan'y 15, 1825. 
 
 George Forquer .Ian'y23, 1829. 
 
 James Seniple Jan'y3o, 1833. 
 
 Ninian W. Edwards.... 'Sept. 1, 1834. 
 Ninian W. Edwards.....* Jan'y 19, 1835. 
 Jesse B. Thomas, Jr.... Feb. 12, 1&35. 
 
 Walter B. Scates.... Jan'y 18, 1836. 
 
 Usher F. Linder Feb. 4, 1837. 
 
 George W. Olnsy June 26, 183 j. 
 
 Wickiiffe Kitchell Mch. 5, 1839. 
 
 Josiah Lamborn Dee. 23, 1840. 
 
 James A. MeDougall— 'Jan'y 1& 1843. 
 
 Dec. 21, 1846. 
 
 Feb. 28, 1867. 
 
 Jan'y. 11, 1873. 
 
 Jan'y 13, 1873. 
 8, 1877. 
 10, 1881. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 . Randolph ... Resigned March 5, 1819. 
 
 St (lair 
 
 . Madison Resigned Dee. 28, 1822. 
 
 . 1 Washington Resigned Jan'y 7, 1825. 
 
 Monroe i Resigned Dec. 3, 1832. 
 
 Madison 
 
 Sangamon 
 
 ... Resigned Feb. 7, 18 5. 
 Madison Resigned Jan'y 8, 1836. 
 
 Jefferson .. 
 
 Coles 
 
 Madison... 
 | Crawford . 
 {Morgan ... 
 
 David B. Campbell. 
 
 Robert G. Ingersolt 
 
 Washington Bushnell. 
 
 James K. Edsall 
 
 James K. Edsall Jan'y 
 
 James McCartney {Jan'y. 
 
 Resigned Dec. 26, 1836. 
 Resigned June 11, 1838. 
 Resigned Feb'y 1, 1839. 
 Resigned Nov. 19, 1840. 
 
 Sangamon... „ 
 
 'Peoria Appointed by Gov. Oglesby. 
 
 LaSalle... 
 Lee 
 
 Wayne- 
 
 State Geologists. 
 
 Joseph Norwood — 
 
 H. A. Ulffers 
 
 Amos H. Worthen.. 
 
 Leopold Riehter 
 
 Henry Engelmann. 
 William Billington. 
 
 July 21, 1851- Sangamon... Aetof Feb. 17, 1851. 
 
 1S53-! Hardin Topographer. 
 
 Mch. 22, 1858- Hancock Vice Norwood. 
 
 Dec. 1, 1859- StLouis Mo. Artist. 
 
 April 19, 1861 .iSt Clair Assistant Geologist 
 
 April 26, 1364- Sangamon... Vice Richer. 
 
 State Entomologists. 
 
 Name. 
 
 When 
 
 appointed. 
 
 D.B.Walsh.- 
 
 Wm. LeBarron- 
 Cyrus Thomas... 
 
 From what 
 county. 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 June 11, 1867- Rock Island Died. 
 
 . April 2, 1870- Kane Died. 
 
 . April 13, 1S75.., Jackson I 
 
 Adjutants-General. 
 
 When | From what 
 appointed. county. 
 
 Wm. Alexander \pril 24, 1819 
 
 Elijah C. Berry June 11, 1821. 
 
 James W. Berrv Dec. 19, 1828. 
 
 Moses K. Anderson Dec. 16, 1839. 
 
 Simon B. Buckner April 3, 1857. 
 
 Wm. C. Kenncy-. Dec. 9, 1S.V7. 
 
 Thomas S. Mather Oct. 28, 1858. 
 
 Allen C. Fuller Nov. 11, 1861. 
 
 Isham N. llavnie ..{Jan'y 16, 1865. 
 
 Edward P. Nilcs_ 
 
 Hubert Dilacr Mch. 21, 1869. 
 
 Edwin L. Higgins Jan'y 24, 1873. 
 
 Edwin L. Higgins July 1, 1874 
 
 Hiram Hilliard Inly 2, 1875. 
 
 Hiram Hilliard 'July 2, 1877 
 
 Randolph- 
 Fayette 
 
 Sancamon... 
 
 iCook 
 
 {St. Clair 
 
 Sangamon... 
 
 {Boone 
 
 Alexander... 
 
 jCook 
 
 Sangamon... 
 
 5.. {Cook . 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Resigned Nov. 11, 1839. 
 
 Resigned Nov. 7, 1837. 
 
 Died. 
 
 Vice Kinney, deceased. 
 
 Died. 
 
 Acting ad interim.
 
 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 
 
 President!. 
 
 Secretaries of State. 
 
 No. 
 
 QUALIFIED. NO. 
 
 KAMI. 
 
 APPOINTED. 
 
 1 George Washington April 30, 1789 
 
 " 6 " Mar. 4, 1793 
 
 2 John Adams Mar. 4, 1797 
 
 3 Thomas Jeffersou Mar 4, 18<>l 
 
 Mar. 4, 1805 
 
 4 James Madison Mar. 4, 1809 
 
 Mar, 4, 1813 
 
 5 James Monroe Mar. 4, 1817 
 
 Mar. 5, 1821 
 
 C John Quincy Adams Mar. 4, 1825 
 
 7 Andrew Jackson Mar. 4, 1829 
 
 Mar. 4, 1833 
 
 8 Martin Van Buren Mar. 4, 1837 
 
 • Wm. Henry Harrison ....Mar. 4, 1841 
 
 10 John Tvler April 6, 1841 
 
 11 James K. Polk....™. Mar. 4, 1845 
 
 12 Zachary Taylor Mar. 5, 1849 
 
 13 Millard Fillmore -....July 10, 1850 
 
 14 Franklin Pierce Mar. 4. 1853 
 
 15 James Buchanan Mar. 4, 1857 
 
 16 Abraham Lincoln Mar. 4, 1861 
 
 » Mar. 4, 1865 
 
 17 Andrew Johnson April 15, 1865 
 
 18 Ulysses S. Grant Mar. 4, 1869 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1873 
 
 19 Rutherford B. Hayes Mar. 5, 1877 
 
 20 James A. Garfield Mar. 4, 1881 
 
 21 Chester A. Arthur Sept. 20, 1881 
 
 Vice-Presidents. 
 
 1 John Adams June 
 
 " " ..._ Dec. 
 
 2 Thomas Jefferson Mar. 
 
 3 Aaron Burr -Mar. 
 
 4 George Clinton Mar. 
 
 " Mar. 
 
 6 Eldridge Gerry Mar. 
 
 •John Gaillard Nov. 
 
 6 Daniel D. Tompkins Mar. 
 
 ■ " Mar. 
 
 7 John C. Calhoun Mar. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 8 Martin Van Buren Mar. 
 
 9 Richard M. Johnson Mar. 
 
 10 John Tyler Mar. 
 
 •Samuel L. Southard Anril 6, 
 
 •Willie P. Mangnm May 31, 
 
 11 George M. Dallas Mar. 4, 
 
 12 Millard Fillmore Mar. 5, 
 
 •William R. King July 11, 
 
 13 William R. King Mar. 4, 
 
 •David R. Atchison -April 18, 
 
 •Jesse D. Bright Dec. 5, 
 
 14 John C. Breckinridge.. ..Mar. 4, 
 
 15 Hannibal Hamlin Mar. 4, 
 
 16 Andrew Johnson Mar. 4, 
 
 •Lafayette 8. Foster April 15, 
 
 •Benjamin F. Wade Mar. 2, 
 
 17 Schuyler Colfax Mar. 4, 
 
 18 Henry Wilson Mar. 4, 
 
 •Thomas W. Ferry Nov. 22, 
 
 19 William A. Wheeler Mar. 5, 
 
 in Chester A Arthur Mar. 4, 
 
 21 Divid Davis Oct. 13, 
 
 1780 
 1793 
 1797 
 1801 
 1805 
 1809 
 1813 
 1814 
 1817 
 1821 
 1825 
 1829 
 1833 
 1837 
 1841 
 1841 
 1842 
 1845 
 1849 
 1850 
 1853 
 1853 
 1854 
 1857 
 1861 
 1865 
 1865 
 1867 
 1869 
 1873 
 1875 
 1877 
 1881 
 1881 
 
 •Acting Vice-President and Pre;ident 
 pro tan of the Senate. 
 
 17 John C.Calhoun Mar. 6, 1814 
 
 18 James Buchanan Mar. 6, 1845 
 
 19 John M. Clayton Mar. 8, 1819 
 
 Daniel Webster July 22, 1850 
 
 20 Edward Everett Nov. 6, 1852 
 
 21 William L. Marcy Mar. 7, 1853 
 
 22 Lewis Cass Mar. 6, 1X57 
 
 23 Jeremiah S. Black Dec. 17, 1860 
 
 24 William H. Seward Mar. 6, 1861 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1865 
 
 " " -April 15, 1865 
 
 25 E. B. Washburne Mar. 5, 1869 
 
 26 Hamilton Fish -Mar. 11, 1869 
 
 " Mar. 4, 1873 
 
 27 William M. Evarts Mar. 12, 1877 
 
 28 James G. Blaine Mar. 4, 1881 
 
 29 Frelinghuysen, F. T Dec, 1881 
 
 Secretaries of* the Treasury. 
 
 1 Alex. Hamilton Sept. 11, 1789 
 
 " Mar. 4, 1793 
 
 2 Oliver Woleott Feb. 2, 1795 
 
 Mar. 4, 1797 
 
 3 Samuel Dexter Jan. 1, 18ul 
 
 4 Albert Gallatin May 14, 1801 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1809 
 
 " Mar. 4, 1813 
 
 5 Geo. W. Campbell Feb. 9. 1814 
 
 6 Alexander J. Dallas Oct. 6, 1814 
 
 7 Wm. H. Crawford Oct 22, 1816 
 
 " " Mar. 5, 1817 
 
 " " ... Mar. 5, 1821 
 
 8 Richard Rush Mar. 7, 1825 
 
 9 Samuel D. Ingham Mar. 6, 1829 
 
 Louis MeLane Aug. 2, 1831 
 
 1 William J. Duane May 29, 1833 
 
 2 Roger B. Taney Sept. 23, 1833 
 
 3 Levi Woodbury June 27, 1834 
 
 „ Mar. 4, 1837 
 
 4 Thomas Ewing Mar. 5, 1841 
 
 " - April 6, 1841 
 
 Walter Forward Sept. 13, 1841 
 
 John C. Spencer Mar. 3, 1843 
 
 George M. Bibb June 15, 1844 
 
 Robert J. Walker Mar. 6, 1845 
 
 Wm. M. Meredith Mar. 8, 1849 
 
 Thomas Corwin July 23, 1850 
 
 JamesGuthne Mar. 7, 1853 
 
 Howell Cobb Mar. 6, 1857 
 
 Philip F. Thomas Dec. 12, 1860 
 
 John A. Dix Jan. 11, 1861 
 
 Salmon P. Chase Mar. 7, 1861 
 
 Wm. Pi't Fcssenden July 1, 1864 
 
 Hugh McCulloch Mar. 7, 1865 
 
 " " April 15, 1865 
 
 George S. Boutwell Mar. 11, 1869 
 
 Wm. A Richardson Mar 17, 1-73 
 
 Benj. H. Bristow June 4, 1874 
 
 Lot M. Morrill July 7, 1876 
 
 John Sherman Mar. 8, 1877 
 
 William Wi dom Mar. 4, 1881 
 
 Chas. G. Folger Dec, 18* 
 
 Secretaries of the Treasury. 
 
 No. 
 
 APPOINTED. 
 
 Secretaries of State. 
 
 
 
 1 Thomas Jefferson Sept. 26, 1789 
 
 Mar. 4, 1791 
 
 2 Edmond Randolph Ian. 2, 1794 
 
 3 Timothy Pickering Doc. 10, 1795 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1797 
 
 4 John Marshall May 13, 1800 
 
 5 James Madison Mar. 5, 1801 
 
 ■ " ,. Mar. 4, 1805 
 
 6 R->bert Smith Mar. 6, 1809 
 
 7 James Monroe April 2, 1811 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1813 
 
 8 John Quin"y Adams Mar. 5, 1817 
 
 " " " Mar. 6, 1821 
 
 9 Henry Clay Mar. 7, 1825 
 
 I i Martin Van Buren Mar. 6, 1829 
 
 II Edward Livingston Mav 24, 1811 
 
 12 Loui« McLaue Mav 29, 1833 
 
 13 John Forsyth (tine 27, 1835 
 
 " Mar. 4, 1837 
 
 14 Daniel Web«ter Mar. 6, 1841 
 
 " " ADril «, 1841 
 
 5 Hugh.S. Lcgare Mav 24, 1843 
 
 16 Abel P. Upshur July 24, 1843 
 
 Secretaries of War. 
 
 1 Henry Knox- Sept. 12, 1789 
 
 « " Mar. 4, 1793 . 
 
 2 Timothy Pickering Jan. 2. 1795 I 
 
 3 JamesMollcnry Jan, 27,1796 [ 
 
 » " Mar. 4, 17!i7 
 
 4 Samuel Dexter May 13, 1800 
 
 ft Roger Griswold F. b. 3, 1801 
 
 6 Henry Dearborn Mar. 5, 1801 
 
 Mar. 4, 1805 
 
 7 William Eustii Mar. 7, 1809 
 
 8 John Armstrong Jan. 13,1813 
 
 Mar. 4, 1S13 
 
 9 James Monroe Sect. 27, 1811 i 
 
 10 Win. It. Cra«ford Aug. 1, 1815 I 
 
 11 George Graham ad interim 
 
 12 John C. Calhoun Oct. 8,1817 
 
 Mar. 5, 18^1 
 
 13 James Barlsiur Mar. 7, 1825 
 
 14 Peter B. Psrter May 26, 182s 
 
 15 John H. Eaton Mae. i>, 1829 
 
 16 Lewis Cass \ng. 1, 1831 
 
 •' " Mar. 4, 1833 
 
 17 Joel R Poins tt Mar. 7, 1837 
 
 18 John Bell Mir. ft, 18M 
 
 - " April R, 1841 
 
 19 John C. Spencer Oet 12, 1*11 
 
 20 James M. Po t,-r Mar. (, 1*43 
 
 21 William Wilkins Feb. 1.5, ISI4 
 
 2* William L. Marcy Mar. 6, 1845 
 
 23 George w. Crawford- ..Mar. 8, 1849 
 
 24 Charles M. Conrad- Aug. 15, 1850 
 
 25 Jefferson Davis Mar. 6, 1853 
 
 26 John B. Floyd Mar. 6. 1857 
 
 27 Joseph Holt J4h. 18, 1861 
 
 28 Simon Cameron Mar. 5,1861 
 
 29 Edwin M. Stanton Jan. 15, 1862 
 
 '■ " Mar. 4, 1865 
 
 •' " April 15, 1865 
 
 U. S. Grant, ad interim. ..Auk: 12, 1867 
 
 L Thomas. " " ...Feb. 21,1868 
 
 30 John M. Schofield May 28, 1868 
 
 31 John A. Rawlins Mar. 11, 1889 
 
 32 Wm. W. Belknap Oct. 25, 1869 
 
 Mar. 4, 1873 
 
 33 AlphonsoTaft Mar. 8, 1876 
 
 34 James D. Cameron May 22, 1876 
 
 35 Geo. W. McCrary Mar. 12, 1877 
 
 36 Alexander Ramsey Dec. 10, 1879 
 
 37 Robert T. Uncoln Mar. 4, 1881 
 
 Secretaries of the \n \ j . 
 
 I Benjamin Stoddert Mav 21, 1798 
 
 •' " Mar. 4, I8BI 
 
 2. RobertSmtth July 15, 18ol 
 
 3. J. Crowninshield -.Mar. 3, 1805 
 
 4 Paul Hamilton Mar. 7, 1809 
 
 5 Wi liam Jones Ian. 12, 1813 
 
 " Mar. 4, 1813 
 
 6 B. W. Crowninshield Dec. 19, 1814 
 
 .....Mar. 4, 1817 
 
 7 Smith Thompson Nov. 9, 1818 
 
 Mar. 6, 1821 
 
 8 Samuel L. Southard Sept. 16, 1821 
 
 " " Mar. 4. 1825 
 
 9 John Branch Mar. 9,1829 
 
 10 Levi Woodbury May 23, 1831 
 
 " '• Mar. 4,1833 
 
 11 Mahlon Dickerson -June 30, 1834 
 
 •' -Mar. 4, 1837 
 
 12 James K. Paulding June 25, 1838 
 
 13 George E. Badger Mar. 5, 1841 
 
 " April 6, 1841 
 
 14 Abel P. Upshur Sept. 13, 1841 
 
 15 David Henshaw July 24, 1843 
 
 16 Thomas W. Grmer Feb. 15, 1844 
 
 17 John V. Mason Mar. 14, 1844 
 
 18 Geo'ge Bancroft Mar. 10, 1845 
 
 John Y. Mason Sept. 9, 1846 
 
 19 William B. Preston Mar. 8, 1849 
 
 20 William A. Graham July 22, 1850 
 
 21 John P. Kennedy July 22, 1852 
 
 22 James C. Dobbin Mar. 7, 1853 
 
 23 Isaac Toucey — Mar. 6, 1867 
 
 24 Gideon Welles - Mar. 5, 1801 
 
 " . „ Mar. 4, 1*65 
 
 " '• April 15, 1865 
 
 25 Adolph E. Borie Mar. 5, 1869 
 
 26 Geo. M. Robeson June 2.5, UM 
 
 '■ Mar. 4 1873 
 
 27 Rich. W. Thompson Mar. 12, 1877 
 
 28 Nathan Goir, Jr. Jan. 6, 1881 
 
 29 W. II. Hunt Maiv 4, 1881 
 
 30 W. E. Chandler April" 1882 
 
 Secretaries of the Interio 
 
 1 Thomas Ewing Mar. 8, 1849 
 
 2 Alex. H. Stuart Sept. 12, 1850 
 
 3 Robert McClelland Mar. 7, 1853 
 
 4 Jacob Th -mpson Mar. 6, 1867 
 
 5 Calsb B. Smith -Mar. 6, 1861 
 
 6 John P. Usher -Jan. 8, 1863 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1865 
 
 " " ..April 15, 1805 
 
 7 James Ha'lan May 15, 1865 
 
 8 O. H. Browning Julv 27, 1866 
 
 9 Jacob I'. Cox Mar 5, 1869 
 
 10 Columbus Delano Nov. 1,1870 
 
 '• •• Mar. 4, 1*73 
 
 II Zachariah Chandler Oct. 19, 1875 
 
 liCarl Schura Mar. 12,1877 
 
 13 Samuel J. Kirkwood Mar. 4, MM 
 
 14 Henrv M. Teller Ipril, 1882 
 
 Postmasters-General 
 
 No. 
 
 APPOINTED. 
 
 4 Gideon Granger Nov. 28, 1801 
 
 '• •' Mar. 4,1805 
 
 " " Mar. 4, 1809 
 
 6 Return J. Meigs, Jr Mar. 17, 1814 
 
 " " Mar. 4. 1817 
 
 " " Mar. 6, 1821 
 
 6 John McLean June 26, 1823 
 
 " " _ Mar. 4, 1825 
 
 7 William T. Barrv Mar. 9, 1829 
 
 •• Mar. 4,1833 
 
 8 Amos Kendall May 1,1835 
 
 Mar. 4, 1837 
 
 9 John M. Niles May 25, 1840 
 
 10 Francis Granger - Mar 6, 1841 
 
 " April 6, 1841 
 
 11 Chas. A. Wiekliffe Sept. 13, 1841 
 
 12 Cave Johnson Mar. 6, 1845 
 
 13 Jacob Collamer Mar. 8 1849 
 
 14 Nathan K. Hall July 23, 1850 
 
 1ft Sam'l D. Hubbard Aug. 31, 1852 
 
 16 James Campbell Mar 5, 1853 
 
 17 Aaron V. Brown Mar. 6, 1857 
 
 18 Joseph Holt Mar. 14,1859 
 
 19 Horatio King Feb. 12, 1861 
 
 20 Montgomery Blair ..Mar. 5, 1861 
 
 21 William Dennison Sept. 24, 1864 
 
 " " _ Mar. 4, 1865 
 
 " " April 15, 1865 
 
 22 Alex. W. Randall July 25, 1866 
 
 23 John A. J. Cresswell Mar. 5, 1869 
 
 * " Mar. 4.1873 
 
 24 Marshall Jewell Aug. 24, 1874 
 
 25 James N. Tyner July 12, 1876 
 
 26 David McK Key Mar. 12, 1877 
 
 27 Horace Maynard June 2, 18*0 
 
 28 Thomas L James Mar. 4, 1881 
 
 29 Timothy O. Howe Dec, 1881 
 
 Attorneys-General. 
 
 Postmasters-General. 
 
 1 Samuel o.-good Sept ^ '>, LftS 
 
 2 Timothy Pick Ting Auk. 12. 17UI 
 
 Mar 4, 1793 
 
 3 Joseph Huber ham F b. 25, 179.5 
 
 Mar. 4.1797 
 
 Mar. 4, 1801 
 
 1 Edmund Randolph Sept. 
 
 Mar 
 
 2 William Bradford Jan. 
 
 3 Charles Lee Dec. 
 
 " Mar. 
 
 4 Theophilus Parsons Feb. 
 
 ft Levi Lincoln Mar. 
 
 6 Robert Smith Mar. 
 
 7 John Breckinridge Aug. 
 
 8 Ctesar A. Roduey Jan. 
 
 *' *' Mar. 
 
 9 William Pinkney Dec. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 10 Richard Rush Feb. 
 
 - Mar. 
 
 11 William Wirt Nov. 
 
 *• "* Mar. 
 
 " Mar. 
 
 12 John M. Berrien Mar 
 
 13 Roger B. Taney July 
 
 " '■ Mar. 
 
 11 Benjamin F. Butler Nov. 
 
 . " Mar. 
 
 lft Felix Grundy July, 
 
 .6 Henry D. Gilpin Ian. 
 
 17 John J. Crittenden .Mar. 
 
 ** " April 
 
 IS Hugh S. Legare s-ept. 
 
 19 John Nelson July 
 
 20 John Y. Mason Mar. 
 
 21 Nathan t lilt. .id Oct. 
 
 'II Isaac Toucey I une 
 
 23 Severity Jonnson Mar. 
 
 John J Crittenden -July 
 
 24 Caleb Cu.-hing Mar. 
 
 25 Jeremiah S. Black Mar. 
 
 a> Edwin M. Stanton Dec. 
 
 27 Kdward Bates Mar. 
 
 T. I. Coffey, ad int June 
 
 ^8 James Speed Dec. 
 
 " -Mar. 
 
 " " April 
 
 29 Henry Stanbery July 
 
 3ii William M Evarts July 
 
 31 E. Rock wood Hoa Mar. 
 
 82 Amos T. Akerman lime 
 
 33 Ge-rge fl. William* Il.'c. 
 
 " ' Mar. 
 
 34 Edward Pi.Trepont April 
 
 35 Alphonso Taft Mav 
 
 36 Charles Devens Mar. 
 
 '■■-; Wayne MacVeSgh Mar 
 
 38 Benj. Harris Brewster...Dcc, 
 
 26, 1789 
 4, 1793 
 
 27, 1794 
 10, 1795 
 
 4, 1797 
 20, 1801 
 6, 1801 
 
 3, 1805 
 7,1805 
 
 28, 1807 
 
 4, 1809 
 11, 1811 
 
 4, 1813 
 10, 1814 
 4, 1817 
 13, 1817 
 6. 1821 
 4, 1825 
 9, 1829 
 
 20, 1831 
 
 4, 1833 
 15. 1S33 
 
 4,1837 
 
 5, 1838 
 11,1840 
 
 6, 1841 
 6, 1841 
 
 13, 1841 
 
 1, 1843 
 
 6, 1X45 
 17, 1846 
 
 21, 1848 
 8, 1849 
 
 22,1850 
 
 7, 18S3 
 6, 1857 
 
 20, 1860 
 
 5. 1861 
 
 22, 1863 
 
 2, 1864 
 4,186ft 
 
 15. 1865 
 
 23, 1866 
 
 16, 18(8 
 
 6, 1869 
 2.1, 1870 
 
 14, 1871 
 4. 18T3 
 
 2(1, 1*75 
 
 22, 1876 
 
 12. 1*77 
 
 4 lxxl 
 
 1881
 
 SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 F. A. Muhlsnberg .. 
 Jonathan Trumbull.. 
 F. A. Muhlenberg... 
 Jonathan Dayton .... 
 
 Theodore Sedgwick.. 
 Nathaniel Macon 
 
 Joseph B. Varnum 
 
 Henry Clay — 
 
 Langdon Cheves 
 
 Henry Clay 
 
 John W. Taylor 
 
 Philip P. Barbour 
 
 Henry Clav ~~ 
 
 John W. Taylor 
 
 Andrew Stevenson 
 
 John Bell 
 
 James K. Polk—— 
 
 Robert M. T. Hunter . 
 
 John White 
 
 John W. Jones 
 
 John W. Davis 
 
 Robert C. Winthrop.. 
 
 Howell Cobb 
 
 Linn Boyd 
 
 Nathaniel P. Banks... 
 
 James L. Orr 
 
 Wm. Pennington 
 
 Galusha A. Grow 
 
 Schuyler Colfax... 
 
 State. 
 
 Congrws. 
 
 Term of Ser-rice. 
 
 Pennsylvania 1st Congress - .April 1, 1789, to March 4, 1791 — 
 
 Connecticut - 2d Congress- _ 'October 24, 1791, to March 4, 1793 _ 
 
 Pennsylvania |3d Congress ..; December 2, 1793, lo March 4, 1794 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Massachusetts— 
 North Carolina... 
 
 JanfesG. Blaine.. 
 
 Michael C. Kerr 
 
 Samuel J. Randall.. 
 
 4th Congress December?, 1794. to March 4, 1797. .... 
 
 4th Congress. May 14,1797, to March 8, 1799 
 
 6th Congress — December 2, 1799, to March 4, 1801 
 
 uh Congress — December 7, 1801, to March 4, 1803. _ 
 
 8th Congress — .. October 17, 1803, to March 4, 1805 
 
 9th Congress December 2. 1806, to March 4, 1807 
 
 10th Congress October"26, 1807, to March 4, 1809 
 
 11th Congress May 22, 1809, to March 4, 1811 
 
 12th Congress November 4, 1811. to March 4, 1813 
 
 13th Congress „ May 24, 1813, to January 19, 1814 
 
 13th Congress.. - January 19, 1814, to March 4, 1815 
 
 14th Congress. December 4, 1815, to March 4, 1814- 
 
 15th Congress- _ December 1, 1817, to March 4, 1819 
 
 10th Congress _ December 6, 1819, to May 14, 1820 
 
 16th C.ngr.-ss 'November 14, 1820, to March 4, 1821 
 
 17th Congress „ December 4, 1821, lo March 4, 1823 
 
 18th Congress December 1, 1823, to March 4, 1826 _ 
 
 19th Congress December 6, 1825, to March 4, 1827 
 
 20th Congress December 3, 1827, to March 4, 1829- — 
 
 21st Congress I>ecember 7, 1829, to March 4, 1831 
 
 22d Congress December 5, 1831, to March 4, 1833 — 
 
 23d Congress December 2, 1833, to Jnne 2, 1834 
 
 23d Congress - June 2, 1834, to March 4, 1834 
 
 24th Congress December 7, 1835, to March 4,1837 
 
 25th Congress September 5, 1837. to March 4, 1839 
 
 Virginia _ >26th Congress December 16, 1838, to March 4, 1841 
 
 Kentucky _ -27th Congress May 31, 1841, to March 4, 1843 
 
 Virginia xgth Congress - [December 4, 1843, to March 4,1845 
 
 Indiana „ 29th Congress _ iDecember 1, 1845, to March 4, 1847 -... 
 
 Massachusetts 130th Congress - 'December 6, 1847, to March 4, 1849 -.. 
 
 Georgia !31st Congress - December 22, 1849, to March 4, 1851 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 Kentucky 
 
 South Carolina, 2d Session- 
 Kentucky— 
 
 New York, 2d Session- 
 Virginia 
 
 Kentucky — 
 
 New York -._. 
 
 Virginia - 
 
 Tennessee, 2d Session 
 
 Kentucky.. 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 South Carolina. _ 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Pennsylvania... 
 Indiana— 
 
 32d Congress December 1, 1851, to March 4, 1853- 
 
 33d Congress December 5, 1853, to March 4, 1*55 _ 
 
 34th Congress _ February 2. 1856, to March 4, 1857- 
 
 34th Congress December 7, 1847, to March 4, 1859- 
 
 36th Congress — . February 1, 1860, to March 4, 1861- 
 
 Born 
 
 1750 
 1740 
 
 1746 
 1757 
 
 1717 
 
 1776 
 
 1784 
 1783 
 
 1797 
 1795 
 
 1809 
 1805 
 1804 
 1799 
 ISM 
 1815 
 1800 
 
 1816 
 1822 
 1796 
 
 37th Congress -July 4, 1861, to March 4, 1863 ! 1823 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Pennsylvania, 2d Session 
 
 MB 
 
 1830 
 
 _— ... |38th Congress- December 7, 1863, to March 4, 1865 
 
 39th Congress- -— [December 4, 1865, to March 4,1867 
 
 40th Congress - IMarch 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869 
 
 41st Congress March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871 
 
 42d Congress March 4, 1871, to March 4, 1873 
 
 43d Congress - December 1, 1873, to March 4, 1875— 
 
 44th Congress - December 6, 1875, to August 20, 1876 1*27 
 
 44th Congress - December 4, 1876, to March 4, 1877 1828 
 
 46th Congress _ October 14, 1877, to March 4, 1879- — 1 — 
 
 46th Congress — .March 18, 1879, to „__ 
 
 Id.. I. 
 
 1801 
 1809 
 
 1828 
 
 1813 
 1837 
 
 1821 
 1852 
 1857 
 
 1854 
 1841 
 
 IM 
 
 1819 
 
 1N45 
 MM 
 
 1850 
 
 1868 
 1859 
 
 1873 
 
 I Ml 
 
 1876 
 
 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS, FROM 1790 TO 1880, FROM THE OFFICIAL CENSUS. 
 
 States and Territories. 
 
 1790. 
 
 1800. 
 
 1810. 
 
 1820. 
 
 1830. 
 
 1840. 
 
 1-.-.0. 
 
 The United States--.. 
 Tne States 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Illaiiam — 
 
 California 
 
 Colorado 
 
 Connecticut .- 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Florida- 
 
 Georgia™ 
 
 Illinois — - 
 
 Indiana.- — 
 
 Iowa... 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Louisiana - 
 
 Maine 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Michigan .....— 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Mississippi „— 
 
 Missouri..—..—.. 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Nevada 
 
 New Hampshire.- 
 
 Nsw Jersey 
 
 New York 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Texas „ 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Virginia _ 
 
 West Viririnia 
 
 Wisconsin - 
 
 The States... 
 
 3929214 
 SMRM 
 
 5308483 7-3:.SM 9633822 12866020 17.».'.'4.-.3 2319187* 
 5294390 7215858 ', 9600783 I 12820868 17019641 23067262 
 
 237946 
 59U96 
 
 .---.4^ 
 
 7.H.77 
 
 96540 
 319728 
 378787 
 
 141886 
 
 1*4139 
 341020 
 H376I 
 
 4::4.::.i 
 
 249073 
 KM1 
 
 85425 
 747610 
 
 2510(12 
 64273 
 
 BMCt 
 
 151719 
 341548 
 
 4--J--T 
 
 MM 
 
 I8MM 
 
 211149 
 5*9051 
 4>lu3 
 4MH 
 
 HUH 
 
 69122 
 345591 
 UMH 
 
 IMMS 
 
 1860. 
 
 1S70. 
 
 31443321 38558371 
 31183744 38115641 
 
 261942 
 72674 
 
 HUM 
 
 12282 
 MMB 
 
 406511 
 76546 
 
 Mgrai 
 
 HUM 
 
 4:.->4" 
 4762 
 
 40352 
 MMI 
 
 127901 
 14255 
 
 680756 
 
 97574 
 
 ST5148 
 
 72749 
 
 54162 
 147178 
 
 564135 
 152923 
 
 4. '7:>„vi 
 
 523159 
 
 8765 
 
 297675 
 76748 
 34730 
 SUM 
 157445 
 313031 
 
 771623 
 MOW 
 
 mm 
 
 780H 
 
 54477 I 
 
 MMM 
 
 476183 
 
 43112 
 
 370792 
 
 91532 
 87446 
 MMM 
 851470 
 MMM 
 192214 
 
 637917 
 215739 
 399455 
 447040 
 
 01l>4o,s 
 31639 
 
 I7WH 
 
 352411 
 501793 
 470019 
 MMM 
 
 21 2267 
 
 75448 
 66557 
 
 214460 
 215562 
 959049 
 5MMD 
 
 230760 
 
 810091 
 76931 
 415114 
 261727 
 
 H78M 
 
 :.74i««i 
 
 244022 
 277426 
 1372111 
 6388 9 
 581295 
 
 KH75I17 
 
 83016 
 
 502741 
 
 422771 
 
 HMI I 
 
 1005116 
 
 130021 
 140155 
 
 375051 
 383702 
 
 HMH 
 
 417762 
 6831H 
 
 .->ss<;4 
 994514 
 397654 
 6077 
 000526 
 (82044 
 
 MMM 
 MMM 
 
 379994 
 
 34277 
 
 460147 
 
 112216 
 
 140424 
 
 105T2M 
 
 1711951 
 
 1350428 
 
 674913 
 
 107206 
 
 115468 
 
 7"s<ij 
 
 99(992 
 484471 
 
 660247 
 
 537454 
 125015 
 187748 
 1184109 
 
 j Per cent. 
 
 I increase 
 
 70 to '80. 
 
 6013MM 
 
 49309595 
 
 UH7M 
 HUM 
 
 1C8M37 
 
 1194020 ' 
 
 320823 
 1918601 
 
 737987 
 
 •.'37!>M3 
 
 284574 
 373300 
 
 2428921 
 753419 
 
 MMMJ 
 
 1 MUM 
 
 97199 
 
 HIM6 
 
 681904 
 
 1724033 
 MMM 
 MOM 
 HM30 
 
 2- 1 H 
 1211405 
 
 291918 
 
 ismmi 
 
 3171176 
 MMM 
 
 3"/r;s.i4 
 
 1980329 
 13294 
 
 bum* 
 
 147545 
 
 .■--.- 
 1002717 
 
 2I2'.:<2 
 314120 
 1421601 
 
 M10H 
 I2310M 
 
 749113 
 
 172023 
 
 791305 
 
 1182012 
 
 28841 
 
 6857 
 
 320073 
 
 672035 
 
 N8N» 
 
 HMS11 
 
 52405 
 2i>.;2U 
 174020 
 703708 
 1109S01 
 ( MZM 
 315098 ' 
 1S9KI18 
 
 Arizona — .... 
 
 Dakota 
 
 District of Columbia...:... 
 
 Idaho 
 
 Montana.. 
 
 5924390 7215858 9600783 
 
 14093 
 
 am 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 Utah 
 
 Washington -. 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 The Territories 
 
 Total Population.. 
 
 305391 
 
 776881 
 
 155084 
 MMi 
 HfNs 
 THMI 
 
 1457351 
 IMMM 
 MMM 
 
 827922 
 1721295 
 
 MM 
 42491 
 
 318300 
 
 MMM 
 4 :-L7.-. 1 
 1071361 
 
 206520 
 
 NHS 
 
 1521951 
 
 217353 
 
 706600 
 
 IMMM 
 
 818579 
 330551 
 
 1M6U3 
 442014 
 
 1061870 
 
 194049 
 MMM 
 14- M4 
 MMM 
 
 1539048 
 3078709 
 ISIOM 
 
 1024620 
 MMM 
 
 1648708 
 940103 
 . 1 MM 
 MMM 
 
 1783012 
 1036331 
 
 7>^m: 
 1331592 
 U'l'-S"! 
 
 452433 
 
 340984 
 IMMM 
 .. MOO 
 14O0047 
 3198238 
 
 174767 
 _HMM 
 
 27*6x8 
 
 1542463 
 
 1692674 
 
 1512806 
 618443 
 1315480 
 
 IMS ■ - 
 
 17019641 23067262 31183744 381U641 49369696 
 
 4:1712 
 
 61687 
 
 61547 
 11380 
 
 4837 
 
 nwo 
 
 M6M 
 
 40273 
 11594 
 
 9658 
 14 -1 
 1317-T" 
 14999 
 NHS 
 91874 
 HIM 
 23954 
 
 9118 
 
 40141 
 135180 
 177638 
 32611 
 39147 
 118430 
 143906 
 74120 
 BOTH 
 
 43712 124614 
 
 442730 
 
 
 5308483 I 7239881 ' 9033822 12866020 17069463 23191876 31443321 , SSS5S371 50142866 
 
 Increase j Increase Increase " Increase 
 
 percent per cent, percent, percent. 
 
 1700-1800. 1 1801-1810 1810-1820. 1820-1810. 
 
 35.10. ' 36.38. 33.OK. 32,51. 
 
 Increase Increase Increase! Increase Increase 
 
 per cent per cent, per cent per cent per cent. 
 
 1830-1840. 1840-1850. 1850-1860. 1860-1870. 1870-1 8 
 
 33-52. I 35.83. I 85.11. I 22.65. I 30.06. 
 
 30.06 
 29.52 
 
 65.65 
 54.34 
 388.28 
 15.85 
 17.30 
 42.39 
 29.97 
 
 21 _a 
 
 17.70 
 86.06 
 173.14 
 24.80 
 MJM 
 
 3.15 
 19.68 
 22.34 
 38.19 
 77.57 
 36.67 
 24.99 
 267.83 
 46.53 
 
 9.01 
 24.M) 
 15.99 
 30.67 
 IMS 
 92.21 
 21.0O 
 27.22 
 40 94 
 21.56 
 94.55 
 .52 
 23.42 
 39.91 
 24.72 
 
 2-... "2 
 
 318.73 
 85S.24 
 34.88 
 117.12 
 90.12 
 X8.90 
 65.81 
 213.58 
 127.98 
 76.91
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 43 
 
 POPULATION OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 Statement showing the population of the State of Illinois by Counties, according to the United States census, from the year 1800 to the year 1880, and date 
 of organization and name of County Seat : 
 
 Counties. 
 
 Adams 
 
 Alexander .. 
 
 Bond 
 
 Boone 
 
 Brown „ 
 
 Bureau 
 
 Calhoun 
 
 Carroll 
 
 Cass 
 
 Champaign 
 
 Christian 
 
 Clark 
 
 Clay 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Coles 
 
 Cook 
 
 Crawford 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 DeKalb 
 
 DeWitt 
 
 Douglas 
 
 DuPage 
 
 Edgar 
 
 Edwards 
 
 Effingham 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Ford 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Fnttoo 
 
 Gallatin 
 
 Greene 
 
 Grundy 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Hardin 
 
 Henderson 
 
 Henry 
 
 Iroquois „ 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Jasper 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Jersey ,.....' 
 
 JoDaviess : 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Kane 
 
 Kankakee 
 
 Kendall 
 
 Knox 
 
 Lake 
 
 LaSalle 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Lee 
 
 Livingston 
 
 Logan 
 
 Macon 
 
 Macoupin „ 
 
 Madison 
 
 Marion 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Mason 
 
 Massac 
 
 McDonough 
 
 Mc Henry 
 
 McLean 
 
 Menard 
 
 Mercer 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Morgan 
 
 Moultrie 
 
 Ogle 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Perry 
 
 Piatt 
 
 Pike 
 
 Pope 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Putnam 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Richland 
 
 Rock Isla i 1 
 
 Saline 
 
 Sangamon 
 
 Schuyler 
 
 Seott 
 
 Shebly 
 
 Stark 
 
 •St. Clair 
 
 Stephenson 
 
 Tazewell 
 
 Union 
 
 Vonmilion 
 
 Wabash 
 
 Warren. „ „ 
 
 Washington .. 
 
 Wavne.... 
 
 White 
 
 Whiteside 
 
 Will 
 
 Williamson 
 
 Winnebago 
 
 Woodford - 
 
 7,275 
 
 1,8061 5,007 
 
 2,931 
 
 931 
 
 3,444 
 
 1,763 
 3 155 
 
 1,542 
 691 
 
 1,510 
 
 2,010 
 
 8'«a 
 
 1,817 
 
 1,114 
 4,828 
 
 2, ISO 
 1,390 
 2,931 
 
 3,940 
 
 755 
 
 2,330 
 
 3,117 
 
 4,071 
 1,619 
 
 2,704 
 
 4,083 
 1,841 
 7,405 
 7,674 
 
 2,616 
 483 
 
 41 
 1,828 
 8,558 
 
 2,111 
 
 1,590 
 
 274 
 
 1,122 
 1,990 
 6,221 
 2,125 
 
 86 
 
 2,000 
 
 2,953 
 
 12,711 
 
 2,390 
 8,818 
 
 1,310 
 
 4, m 
 
 12,960 
 2,959 
 
 4,716 
 3,239 
 6,836 
 
 2,71 
 
 308 
 
 1.675 
 
 6,091 
 
 1840. 
 
 14,476 
 8,313 
 8,000 
 1,705 
 4,183 
 3, 067 
 1,741 
 1, 023 
 2,981 
 1,475 
 1,878 
 7, 453 
 3, 228 
 3,718 
 9,616 
 
 10,201 
 4,422 
 
 1,697 
 3,247 
 
 3,535 
 8, 325 
 
 3,070 
 1,075 
 6,328 
 
 3,682 
 13,142 
 10,760 
 11,951 
 
 3,945 
 9, 946 
 1,378 
 
 1,260 
 1,095 
 3,566 
 1,472 
 5 762 
 4, -,V> 
 6, 180 
 3,626 
 6,501 
 
 7, oco 
 
 7,054 
 9,348 
 7,092 
 2,035 
 759 
 2,333 
 3, 039 
 7,826 
 14,433 
 4,742 
 1,849 
 
 6,308 
 2,578 
 
 4, 131 
 
 4,481 
 4,490 
 19,517 
 
 3,479 
 6, 153 
 
 3, 222 
 
 11,728 
 4,094 
 
 2, 131 
 7,944 
 
 2,610 
 
 14,716 
 6,972. 
 6, 21 
 6, MS 
 
 1,813 
 13, 881 
 
 2,800 
 7.S21 
 
 5, 52 I 
 9, .TO 
 4,240 
 
 6, 730 
 4, 810 
 5,133 
 
 7, 919 
 2,514 
 
 1", 167 
 4,457 
 4,009 
 
 1850. 
 
 26, 60S 
 2,484 
 6,144 
 7, 624 
 7,198 
 8,841 
 3,231 
 4,586 
 7,253 
 2,649 
 
 3, m 
 
 9, 532 
 4, 289 
 6,139 
 9, US 
 43, 385 
 7, 133 
 3, 718 
 7,540 
 5, 002 
 
 9,290 
 10, 692 
 3,524 
 
 :i, Too 
 8,075 
 
 5, 681 
 22, 508 
 
 5,448 
 12, 429 
 3,023 
 
 6, 362 
 14, 652 
 
 2,887 
 4,612 
 3,807 
 4, 149 
 6,862 
 3,220 
 8,109 
 7,354 
 
 18,004 
 4,114 
 
 16, 703 
 
 7,73" 
 13, 279 
 14, 226 
 
 17, 815 
 6,121 
 6,292 
 1,552 
 6,128 
 8,988 
 
 1", 355 
 
 20,441 
 
 6, 720 
 
 6,180 
 
 5, 921 
 4,092 
 7,016 
 
 14,978 
 10, 163 
 6,349 
 8,246 
 7. 873 
 6,277 
 
 18, 0P4 
 3,234 
 
 1 ■', 020 
 
 17,547 
 
 6,278 
 
 1,606 
 
 18, 810 
 3, 976 
 2, 264 
 3, 924 
 
 11,070 
 4,012 
 
 6, M7 
 
 19, 22S 
 
 10, 573 
 7,914 
 
 7,807 
 
 :>, Tie 
 an, 180 
 
 11,606 
 12,082 
 
 7, 01 
 11,492 
 
 4,090 
 
 8, 176 
 6,988 
 8,825 
 8 925 
 5, 881 
 
 16, 703 
 7, 216 
 
 1 1 , 77.1 
 4,415 
 
 Aggregate '. ... 2.35s 12,282155, Vm 187,44s 1 476,1811 851,470 1,711,951 
 
 1800. 
 
 41,323 
 4,707 
 9,815 
 
 11, 078 
 9,938 
 
 26, 420 
 
 5,141 
 
 11,733 
 
 11,325 
 
 14,629 
 
 10,492 
 
 14,987 
 
 9,336 
 
 10.941 
 
 14,203 
 
 144,954 
 
 11,551 
 
 8.311 
 
 19,086 
 
 10,820 
 
 7.140 
 
 14, 701 
 
 16, 925 
 
 5,454 
 
 7,816 
 
 11,1*8 
 
 1,979 
 
 9, 393 
 
 33,338 
 
 8,055 
 
 16,003 
 
 10, 379 
 
 9,915 
 
 20,061 
 
 3,769 
 
 9,501 
 
 20,660 
 
 12,325 
 
 9,589 
 
 8,304 
 
 12, 965 
 
 12, 051 
 27,326 
 
 9,342 
 311.062 
 15, 412 
 13.074 
 28, 663 
 18,257 
 48.332 
 
 9,214 
 17, 651 
 
 11, 637 
 14,272 
 
 13, 738 
 24,602 
 31, 351 
 12, 739 
 13,437 
 10, 931 
 
 6,213 
 20,069 
 22, 089 
 28,772 
 
 9,584 
 15,042 
 
 12, 832 
 13. 979 
 22,112 
 
 6,385 
 22,888 
 36,601 
 
 9, 552 
 
 6,127 
 27 249 
 
 6,742 
 
 3, 943 
 
 5,587 
 17,205 
 
 9,711 
 21,0Of, 
 
 9, 881 
 32, 274 
 14, 684 
 
 9,069 
 14 613 
 
 9,004 
 37, 694 
 25,111' 
 21,470 
 11,181 
 19, 800 
 
 7,313 
 18,330 
 13.731 
 12,223 
 12, 403 
 18, 737 
 29, 321 
 12,205 
 24,491 
 13,282 
 
 1870. 
 
 66, 362 
 10, 564 
 13 152 
 12, 042 
 12,205 
 34,415 
 
 6,*02 
 16,705 
 11,580 
 32, 737 
 20, 363 
 18, 719 
 15, 875 
 10, 285 
 25,235 
 349, 966 
 13, 889 
 12, 223 
 23,265 
 14,768 
 13,484 
 16,085 
 21,450 
 
 7,565 
 15,053 
 19, 638 
 
 9, 103 
 12, 652 
 38,291 
 11,134 
 20, 277 
 14,938 
 13,014 
 35, 935 
 
 5,113 
 12, 582 
 35,506 
 25,782 
 
 19, 634 
 11,238 
 17, 864 
 
 15, (154 
 27, 820 
 11.248 
 39, 091 
 24,352 
 12,399 
 39,522 
 21,014 
 60, 792 
 12.533 
 27,171 
 31,471 
 23, 053 
 20,481 
 32,726 
 44,131 
 20,622 
 16,956 
 16, 184 
 9,581 
 26,509 
 23,762 
 53, 088 
 11,7.15 
 Is, 769 
 12,982 
 25, 314 
 28,403 
 10,386 
 27,492 
 47. 540 
 13,723 
 10,953 
 30,768 
 11,437 
 8, 752 
 6,280 
 
 20, 859 
 12. 803 
 29, 783 
 12,714 
 Id, 383 
 17,419 
 
 25, 476 
 1", 751 
 61,068 
 30, 608 
 27,903 
 16,518 
 30,388 
 K.SI1 
 23, 174 
 17,599 
 19, 758 
 16,846 
 27,503 
 43, 013 
 17, 329 
 29,301 
 IS, 956 
 
 2,539,891 
 
 1880. 
 
 When organized. 
 
 County Seats. 
 
 Belvidere 
 Ml. Sterling.. 
 
 Princetou 
 
 Hardin 
 
 Mt. Carroll.... 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Urbana. 
 
 Taylorville.... 
 
 69, 148 1 January 13, 1825 Quiney . 
 
 14,809 March 4, 1819 Cairo 
 
 14,873 January 4, 1817T — Greenville.. 
 
 11,527 March 4,1837 
 
 13,014 February l, 1839.... 
 33, 189'February 28, 1837.. 
 7,471|January 18, 1828... 
 16,988 Palmary 22, 1839.... 
 
 14, 494 March 3, 1837 
 
 40, 809 February 20, 18:53.. 
 28, 232 February 18, 1839.. 
 
 21,9O0Mareh22, 1818 Marshall.. 
 
 16,195 Peeemlier 23, 1K24 Louisville 
 
 18, 718 December 27, 1824 Carlyle 
 
 27,0S5 i Deccmber 25, 1830 Charleston 
 
 607, 710 January 15, 1831 Chicago 
 
 16,190|Decemher31, 1816 Robinson 
 
 13,702 May 1, ls43 Majority Point 
 
 26 774 March 4, 1837 Sycamore 
 
 17, 014 March 1, 1839 Clinton 
 
 15,857! February 13,1857 Tuscola 
 
 19, 187' February 9, 1839 Wheaton 
 
 26, 504 January 8, 1823 Paris.. 
 
 8, GOO November 28, 1814.. 
 18, 924 Fehruary 15, 1831... 
 23,213 February 14, 1821... 
 15, 105 1 February. 17, 1859... 
 
 10, 129 January 2, 1818 
 
 41,249 January 28, 1823 iLcwistown.. 
 
 12, B63 September 14, 1812. Shawneetown . 
 
 23,014 January 20, 1821 Carrollton 
 
 16,738 February 17, 1841 Morris.. 
 
 Albion 
 
 Effingham.. 
 Vandal fa...., 
 
 Paxton 
 
 Benton . 
 
 16, 712. Fehruary 8, 1821 
 
 35, 352! January 13, 1825 
 
 6, 0241March2, 1839 
 
 10, 755 January 20, 1841 
 
 36, 609; January 13. 1325 
 
 35, 457 February 28, 1833... 
 
 22, 608 January 10, 1816 
 
 14,518 February IS, 1831.. 
 
 20,886 March 26, 1819 
 
 15,516 February 28, is mi ... 
 27, 634 February 17, 1827... 
 13, 079 September 11, 1<12. 
 
 44,950 January 16, 1838 
 
 24, 961 J February II, 1851 Kankakee City 
 
 13,084 February 19, 1841 lYorkville 
 
 38,360 January 13. 1825. 
 
 21,299 March 1, 1839 
 
 70, 480 January 15, 1831.. 
 
 McLeansboro.... 
 
 Carthage 
 
 Elizabethtown .. 
 
 Oquawka 
 
 C mbridge 
 
 Watseka. 
 
 Murphysboro-.. 
 
 Newton 
 
 Mt. Vernon 
 
 Jerseyville 
 
 Galena 
 
 Vienna- 
 Geneva.. 
 
 13, 663 January 16. 1821.... 
 271494 February 27, I88S. 
 
 February ?7, 1837.. 
 February 15, 1839.. 
 January 19, 1829... 
 January 17, 1829... 
 
 38,450 
 
 25, 041 
 
 30. 671 
 37,705, 
 
 60, 141 (September 14, 1812.. 
 83,691 ' 
 15,030 
 16, 244 
 10,443 
 27,084 
 24,914 
 60,115 
 13,028 
 19, 601 
 13, 682 
 28, 086 
 
 31, 519 
 13JM 
 29, 946 
 
 January 24, 1823 
 
 January 19, 1839 
 
 January 20, 1841 „ 
 
 Februarys, 1843 
 
 January 25, 1826 
 
 January 10, 1838 
 
 December 25, 1830 
 
 Februnry 15, 1839 
 
 January 13, 1 - 
 
 June 1,1816 
 
 February 12, 1821 
 
 January 31, 1838 
 
 Februarvll, 1313 
 
 January lo, 1S36 
 
 65,4191 January IS, 1825 
 
 16,008' January 29, 1827 
 
 15, 583 January 27, 1841.. 
 33,701 ~ 
 13,256 
 9,507 
 6,— 
 25, 091 
 15, 546 
 
 January 31, 1821. 
 
 April I, 1810 
 
 ' March 3, 181.1 
 
 January 13, 1825.. 
 
 April 28. 1S09 
 
 I February '.'1, 1K41 
 38,314 Februarys, 1831.. 
 15, 9M February 25, 1S17 
 52, 902! January 35, 1821 . 
 
 lanuary 13, 1 
 
 10,715 February 1 !, 1«39 Winchester. 
 
 1, ls27 Shelhyville 
 
 11,809 March 8,1839 
 
 01,850 April 28, 1809 
 
 31,970 March 4, 1S37 
 
 2», 8791 January 81, 1x27 
 
 18, 100 January 2. 1818.... 
 
 41,600 January 18, 1826 
 
 9,9«'Decemhcr27, 1824 
 22,910 January 13, 1S25.... 
 
 21, 117 1 January 2, 1818 
 
 81,897 March 86, 1819 
 
 21, os9 Decembers, 1811.. 
 30, 888 January 10, 1836.... 
 
 53,424 January 12, 1830 
 
 19. 388 Fehruary 28, 1839.. 
 
 ■ January 18, 1836.... 
 
 21, 6.30 February 27, 1841. 
 
 Galesburg 
 
 Waukepan 
 
 Ottawa 
 
 Lawrenceville 
 
 Dixon 
 
 Pontine 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Carlinville „ 
 
 lvlwardsville 
 
 Salem 
 
 Lacon 
 
 Havana 
 
 Metropolis 
 
 liacomb 
 
 Woodstock 
 
 Bloomingtor. 
 
 Petersburg *" 
 
 Aledo 
 
 Waterloo 
 
 Blllsboro 
 
 Jacksonville 
 
 Sullivan : 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Pinckncyville 
 
 Montieello 
 
 Piltsfleld 
 
 Golconda 
 
 Mound City 
 
 Hennepin 
 
 Chester 
 
 Olney.. 
 
 Hock Island 
 
 Harrisburg 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Rushville.. 
 
 Toulon.. 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Freeport 
 
 Pekin 
 
 Jonesboro 
 
 Danville 
 
 Mt. Carmel 
 
 Monmouth 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Fairfield 
 
 Cnrmi _.. 
 
 Morrison 
 
 Joliet 
 
 Marion 
 
 Rock-ford 
 
 Metamora 
 
 3,078,636) 
 
 
 * St, Clair Bounty was organised April 27th, 1790, by Arthur Pt. Clair, then Governor and Commander-in-chief of " The territory of the United States north- 
 st of the Ohio river, ' ro-organized after Illinois had been est« 
 
 1 established as a Terriiory, April 28th, 18U9.
 
 44 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 OEOGR PHY— AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AXD 
 RAILROAD FACILITIES. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 I HE County of Schuyler lies a little north 
 of the center of the State and in the sec- 
 ond tier of counties from the western 
 boundary line. It is bounded on the north 
 by McDonough and Fulton counties, on 
 the east by Fulton county and the Illinois 
 river, on the south by Brown and on the 
 west by the counties of Adams and Han- 
 cock. 
 
 Its greatest length from east to west 
 is twenty-five miles, and from north to south a fraction 
 over twenty miles. The county embraces a superficial area 
 of a little over four hundred andfourteen square miles. 
 
 The county was formed in January, 1825, out of the coun- 
 ties of Pike and Fulton. 
 
 The "Act" erecting the county was passed January 13th, 
 1825, and reads as follows : 
 
 " Be it enacted, etc., That all that tract of county within 
 the following boundaries, to wit : 
 
 Beginning at the place where the township line, between 
 two and three south, touches the Illinois river, thence west 
 on said line to the range line between ranges four and five 
 west; thence north on said range line to the northwest cor- 
 ner of township three north, range four west, thence east on 
 said township line to the meridian ; thence down the meridian 
 line to the southeast corner of township three north, range 
 one west ; thence east on said township line to the Illinois 
 river, thence down the said river to the place of beginning, 
 shall constitute the county of Schuyler." Out of this tract in 
 1839 was taken Brown county. 
 
 KAMES AND NUMBERS OF TOWNSHIPS. 
 
 Oakland, Tp. 3 North of Base Line, Range 1 West of P. M. 
 Littleton, " 3 " " " " " 2 " " " " 
 
 Brooklyn, " 3 " " " " 
 
 Birmingham, " 3 
 
 (( 
 
 it 
 
 tt 
 
 Hnntsville, " 2 
 
 » 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 Camden, " 2 
 
 M 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 Buena Vista, " 2 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 t* 
 
 Rushville, " 2 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 It 
 
 8 
 
 If 
 
 u 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 4 
 
 ft 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 4 
 3 
 
 a 
 ft 
 
 tt 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 tt 
 
 2 
 
 <( 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 J 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 The above were all full townships. Browning 2 north of 
 base line range 1, east of P. M. This township is a fractional 
 part being cut off by the Illinois river, and part of it is 
 added to Frederick township. 
 
 Hickory, 2 North of Base Line, Range 2 East of P. M. 
 
 and 2 " " '* '* '* 3 '* *' " " 
 
 This township is composed of two townships cut off by the 
 Illinois river. 
 
 Frederick 1 N. of Base Line. Range 1 East of 4 P. M. 
 
 This township is fractional and is composed of that part 
 of 1 N. Range, 1 East that lies west of the Illinois river. 
 Also so much of Browning township proper, as lies south of 
 the center of Browning township and west of Sugar Creek 
 that runs through said township. 
 
 Bainbridge 1 N. of Base Line, R. 1 West 
 
 This is a full township and also fraction on the south, 
 which is part of 1 S. B. L. R. 1 W. 
 
 Woodstock Tp. 1 North of Base Line. Range 2 West of 4 P. M., is a 
 fractional township, part cut off by Crooked Creek, also 
 Tract 1 South of Base Line, Range 2 West of 4 P. M. 
 " 1 North * " " " 3 " " " " " 
 
 LAND SURFACE. 
 
 The surface of Schuyler county is considerably di- 
 versified with hills and valleys, prairies and heavily 
 timbered woodlands. Along the bluffs of Crooked Creek 
 and the Illinois river the surface is very much broken 
 /and hilly, but these broken lauds possess a rich and pro- 
 ductive soil and are valuable for agricultural purposes, 
 wherever they are sufficiently level for cultivation. The 
 prairies are mostly small, and are restric ted to the north- " 
 era and western portions the county. On the ridges 
 adjacent to the small streams the timber is mostly black 
 oak and hickory, but on the more level portions of the 
 timbered regions as well as on the bluffs of the Illinois 
 river we find, in addition, elm, linden, sugar maple, wild 
 cherry, and honey locust, an arboroal growth which in- 
 dicates a soil of the best quality, fully equal to the best 
 prairie soils. Much of the uplands where this growth of 
 timber prevails, is underlaid by the marly sand.- and clays 
 of the loess, and rank among the very best lands in the State. 
 Fine blue grass pastures are easily made upon these lands, 
 and the soil is well adapted to the growth of fruit, such as 
 apples, pears, peaches, plums, and more especially grapes. 
 On the eastern border of the county there is a belt of allu- 
 vial bottoms, skirting the Illinois river from a mile to four 
 miles in width. Some portions of this land are above the 
 high water level of the river, and are very productive, 
 while other portions are subject to annual overflows from 
 the river floods and are of little value for agricultural pur- 
 poses. A considerable portion of this is bottom prairie, but 
 there is usually a belt of heavy timber skirting the river and 
 also the small streams by which the bottoms are intersected. 
 The timber on these low lands comprise cottonwood, syca- 
 more, soft maple, elm, ash, hickory, pecan, Spanish oak, 
 swamp white oak, pine oak, black walnut, hack berry, buck, 
 eye, honey locust, pawpaw and willow. There are also belts 
 of bottom lands upon some of the larger creeks of Schuyler 
 county, as on Crooked creek and Sugar creek, but these sel- 
 dom exceed a half a mile in width and are covered with a 
 heavy growth of timber. 
 
 Streavis. — The county is well watered, mainly by Crooked 
 Creek, and its affluents. It enters the county on the noith
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 45 
 
 fide of Birmingham township and flows through the town- 
 ship, also through Brooklyn and Camden, and is the 
 boundary line of the county on the west and south of Wood- 
 stock township and on the south part of Bainbridge, and 
 enters the Illinois river nearly due south of the center of 
 Bainbridge township. 
 
 Missouri creek enters the county on the west side of 
 Huntsville township and flows through Huntsville and Cam- 
 den townships and part of Brown county, and empties into 
 Crooked creek in township 1 north, range 3 west. Crane 
 creek rises in Rushville township and meanders through 
 Kushville and Bainbridge townships , and enters Illinois 
 river near the mouth of Crooked creek. 
 
 Sugar creek rises in Littleton township and flows through 
 Littleton and Oakland townships in this county, and the 
 southwest corner of Astoria township, in Fulton county ; 
 then enters the county and flows through Browning and 
 Frederick townships and empties into the Illinois river, on 
 the east side of the latter township. 
 
 Horny Branch rises in Littleton township and flows 
 through Brooklyn and empties into Crooked creek near the 
 village of Brooklyn. 
 
 Brush creek also heads in Littleton township and flows 
 through Buena Vista and Camden townsh : ps, and empties 
 into Crooked creek near the village of Erwin. 
 
 Stony Branch heads in Littleton township, passes through 
 into Crooked creek. 
 
 Horny Branch rises in Buena Vista township, runs 
 through Woodstock township and empties into Crooked 
 creek in town 1, 3 N, 3 W. of fourth principal meridian. 
 Town Branch heads in town of Rushville, and runs south- 
 west through Rushville, Buena Vista and Woodstock town- 
 ships ; enters Crooked creek at the " Big Bend." 
 
 Coal creek rises in Rushville township, flows through 
 Rushville, Bainbridge and Frederick townships and empties 
 into the Illinois river below Beardstown, in Frederick town- 
 ship. 
 
 Dutchmans creek rises in Browning township and empties 
 into the Illinois river near the village of Browning. 
 
 Harris Branch heads in Fulton county and enters Schuy- 
 ler on the north side of Browning township and empties 
 into Sugar creek in same township. 
 
 Rushville, the county seat of Schuyler county, is located 
 on the southwest quarter of section No. 30, 2 north, 1 west. 
 It derives its name from Dr. Rush, of Philadelphia, an 
 eminent surgeon and physician of a half a century ago. 
 
 Soil. — The county of Schuyler contains within its limits 
 some of the best and richest lands in the State. Agricul- 
 ture is the leading pursuits and employment of the people. 
 The leading staple products are wheat, corn, rye, oats, bar- 
 ley, potatoes, hay, sorghum, sweet potatoes, melons, etc. All 
 the desirable fruits grow here in abundance. No county in 
 the State is blessed with a more intelligent and industrious 
 husbandry than Schuyler county, and as a natural sequence 
 it is growing in popularity and wealth. Very little indebt- 
 edness of any kind exists in the county. The people, as a 
 class, are careful and frugal, and live within th'ir means, 
 and are not given to outside show and vain display. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY 
 
 Was originally a part of Schuyler county, but in Febru- 
 ary, 1 839, Brown was cut off" from Schuyler, the trouble of 
 reaching Rushville, the county seat, on account of the high 
 waters of Crooked creek, being the main cause of the divi- 
 sion. There was much talk before the division of establish- 
 ing the county seat at Ripley, which is situated on the bank 
 of the south side of Crooked creek, but it was thought best 
 to divide the counties. The county is bounded on the north 
 by Schuyler county ; east by Cass and Morgan counties ; 
 south by Pike, and west by Adams county. On the east the 
 Illinois river and Crooked creek on the north are the bound- 
 ary lines. In length the county is about eighteen miles, and 
 about the same in breadth, and contains three hundred and 
 twenty-four square miles. 
 
 Brown county is divided into nine townships, viz : Ripley, 
 Missouri, Pea Ridge, Cooperstown, Mt. Sterling, Lee, Ver- 
 sailles, Elkhorn and Buckhorn. The county was origi- 
 nally one-fifth prairie, including the river-bottom land, and 
 the balance four-fifths timbered land. The surface of the 
 county is rolling with hills and bluffs along the streams. 
 Aloug the bluffs on Crooked creek, in the northern part of 
 the county, and the Illinois river, the surface of the country 
 is very much broken, and a great part of it, to such an ex- 
 tent as to prevent its cultivation. 
 
 The principal natural water courses in or bordering 
 upon Brown county are Crooked creek, the Illinois river 
 and McKee creek. The latter rises iu Adams county, and 
 flows in a southeasterly direction through Buckhorn town- 
 ship, then north east to sections nineteen in Elkhorn 
 township, then flows southeast and passes out of the 
 township in section twenty-five, and enters Versailles in sec- 
 tion thirty, and passes out of the county into Pike county in 
 section thirty-two. In last-named township Crooked creek, 
 as stated before, is the northeast and eastern boundary of 
 Schuyler and Brown counties. The Illinois river is the east- 
 ern boundary of Cooperstown and Versailles townships. 
 Missouri Creek or Big Missouri rises in Adams county and 
 flows north to and into Schuyler county ; enters Brown county 
 in Missouri township and empties into Crooked creek. The 
 Little Missouri flows in a northeast direction through Pea 
 Ridge and Missouri townships, and both Big and Little Mis- 
 souris unite in Schuyler county, then flow back and empty 
 into Crooked creek in Missouri township. Camp creek 
 rises in the county and empties into the Illinois river. Dry 
 Fork rises in Lee township, flows south by east and empties 
 into McKee creek. .Wells' Fork of McKee creek rises in 
 the western part of Lee township and flows nearly south to 
 McKee creek. Logan's creek in the southern part of Mt. 
 Sterling township, flows northeast and empties into 
 Crooked creek at Greennell's mill. 
 
 Soil. — The chief occupation of the people is farming and 
 stock raising. The lands, both timbered and prairie, are 
 capable of producing the finest crops. In the northern and 
 western part of the county most excellent crops of wheat 
 and corn are produced, while in the bottoms along Crooked 
 creek and the Illinois river, in seasonable years, the crops
 
 46 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 are fine and the yield prolific. Oats, barley and rye grow 
 luxuriantly, rarely failing to yield largely. The potato and 
 other tuberous plants do well, and yield as large a crop as 
 any other section of the state. All varieties of grapes, ber- 
 ries, melons, currants, and common garden vegetables grow 
 well, and in almost any season produce more than is needed 
 or home consumption. Blue grass, clover, timothy, and 
 red-top are the principal cultivated grasses, and afford rich 
 pasturage for the stock, and -the best quality of hay for the 
 market The cultivation of grasses has increased greatly in 
 the past few years which indicates a tendency on the part of 
 the farmers to engage in stock raising more extensively than 
 a few years ago. It may here be mentioned that few 
 counties in the state produce finer breeds and grades of 
 stock than Brown county. This is particularly true of their 
 horses. Great attention has been paid to the introduction 
 of thoroughbreds and fine horses into the county in the 
 last ten years. The horses, cattle, sheep and hogs are of 
 a finer quality than they were ten years ago, which shows a 
 progressive spirit and a desire on the part of the farmers and 
 stock men to keep pace with other industries. Fruit has re- 
 ceived considerable attention in late years. Apples, pears, 
 peaches, plums, apricots, cherries, and the other smaller fruit 
 do well in this section of the country. 
 
 RAILROAD FACILITIES. 
 
 The most important factor in the development of a t iwn, 
 county or state, is its railroad facilities and communications. 
 They are not only the great thoroughfares of commerce, 
 trade and travel, but are the great civilizeri of the age, if we 
 may be permitted so to speak. The section of country out 
 off from railroad communication with the outside world 
 where communication is possible, is yet in the misty past of 
 a half a century ago. There is a lack of progress and en- 
 terprise observable in every branch of industry. There is 
 less literary culture, less refinement and less knowledge of 
 the world generally. Railroads furnish the avenues by 
 which we pass to our acquaintance with the people and their 
 customs outside of our own locality. They are the aids 
 which make it possible to pass from or permit the balance 
 of the world to come to us, and they become acquainted, and 
 thereby learn by actual contact and comparison. Four- 
 fifths of the actual knowledge of mankind is obtained by 
 comparison. Railroad? permit this, therefore, our know- 
 ledge is increased, and our mental powers enlarged, the 
 world is rendered happier, and wars, turmoil and strife com- 
 paratively cease, because mankind i< daily getting better ac- 
 quainted through the aid of railroads and other mediums of 
 rapid transit. The object of this article, however, is to show 
 the railroad facilities of Schuyler and Brown counties. In 
 the first county mentioned the citizens of Rushville, as early 
 as 1836, agitated the question of building a railroad. That 
 Schuyler Cou- ty has few railroad facilities to-day, is a fact, 
 but it has been from no fault of her citizens. They have 
 been as enterprising, liberal and wide awake upon this 
 question, as any other locality in the state, and also know 
 the advantages of having railroad communication with other 
 parts of the country. The citizens of Rushville have, in 
 
 the past, been particularly active in toeir efforts to secure 
 a road. They have upon every proper occasion voted money 
 and supplies, and in several instances voted money and 
 expended it in grades and preparing the road bed for 
 the ties and iron, and then failed to get the road. There 
 were vari >us causes that led to these disastrous results that 
 are unnecessary to mention here, as it would involve too 
 much detail. 
 
 In 1854 an organization known as the Peoria and Hanni 
 bal Railroad Company obtained a charter for a railroad be- 
 tween the terminal points named. Rushville was one of the 
 contemplated points on the proposed line. Aid was voted, 
 the right of way obtained, and a portion of the road bed 
 constructed in the county, but from various causes, a recital 
 of which would require lengthy detail, the road was not com- 
 pleted as orignally designed by the corporators. A portion 
 of its rights and franchises passed into the possession of the 
 Chicago. Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company. They 
 completed the road to Vermont in Fulton county, and in 
 1869, the organized company (Peoria and Hannibal) which 
 is still in operation, leased their rights in perpetuity to the 
 C. B. & Q. Railway Company. Their line known as the 
 Rushville Extension or Branch of the C. B. & Q. was fin- 
 ished and opened to Rushville July 4, 1869. 
 
 The Rock Island and Alton Railroad was organized and 
 chartered Feb. 14, 1857. The County of Schuyler voted $75.- 
 000 in aid to build the road. The City of Rushville and 
 townships along the line also voted as much more, and in 
 addition there were nearly $50,000 of individual subscriptions. 
 Of this amount nearly three-fourths were expended in survey- 
 ing the route, obtaining the right of way, building the road 
 bed, putting in bridges, and preparing portions of the line 
 ready for the ties and iron. Before all the line was ready 
 for the ties and iron the Rock Island and Alton Company 
 sold out their rights and franchises obtained under their 
 charter to the Rockford. Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad 
 Company, stipulating, however, that the line of -the road 
 should run where originally intended and surveyed. The 
 original line upon which the money spoken of above had 
 been expended was from Frederick to pass through Rush- 
 ville, Industry, Macomb to Vermont thence to Rock Island, 
 but instead the latter company from Frederick ignored the 
 original route and built the road from Frederick to Brown- 
 ing, Astoria, Vermont, then to Bushnell, then to Mon- 
 mouth where it connected with the original line. By this 
 action Rushvi'le was left out in the cold, so far as getting 
 an East and West outlet. 
 
 The line of this road is on the eastern side of the county, 
 and passes through the townships of Frederick and Brown- 
 ing in a northeasterly direction. It crosses the Illinois 
 River at Bjardstown a few miles below Frederick The prin- 
 cipal stations in Schuyler county, are Browning, Frederick 
 and Osceola. It was formerly the Rockford, Rock Island 
 and St. Louis R. R., and was built in the years 1869 and 70. 
 Trains began running between Beardstown and East St. 
 Louis in May 1S70. In December, 1876, a lease was effected, 
 and it passed under the management of the C. B. & Q. R. 
 R.Co.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 47 
 
 WABASH, ST. LOUIS AND PACIFIC. 
 
 The first line of railroad projected in Illinois was the 
 Northern Cross Railroad, extending from Quincy to Dan- 
 ville. This was chartered in 1837, and upon it the first 
 locomotive was placed in the winter of 1838-39, running 
 from Meredosia to Jacksonville. In 1842 the road was 
 completed from Jacksonville to Springfield, and three trips 
 were made per week from the latter place to Meredosia, on 
 the Illinois River. The track was of the old flat-rail style, 
 which was made by nailing thin strips of iron on two paral- 
 lel lines of timbers placed at the proper distance apart, ilnd 
 running lengthways of the road. The engine, as well as the 
 road, •soon became so impaired that the former had to be 
 abandoned and mules substituted as the motor power. How- 
 ever, such locomotion was destined to be of short duration • 
 for the State soon afterwards sold the entire road at a nomi- 
 ' nal sum, and thus for a short time was suspended one of the 
 first railroad enterprises in Illinois. But in the West a new 
 era — one of prodigious industrial activity and of far-reach- 
 ing results in the practical arts — was dawning, and within 
 thirty years from the temporary failure of the road men- 
 tioned, this State had outstripped all others in gigantic in- 
 ternal improvements, and at present has more miles of rail- 
 road than any other State in the Union. 
 
 The Great Western whose name has since been successively 
 changed to Toledo, Wabash and Western, Wabash, and 
 Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific, the last of which it still 
 bears — The Great Western was an extension of the North- 
 ern Cross Railroad, above mentioned, aDd traverses the 
 road through some of the finest portions of Illinois, Indiana 
 and Ohio, it soon became the popular highway of travel and 
 traffic between the East and the West. The Great Western 
 was built to Mt. Sterling in Brown county, in 1855, and to 
 this road the county owes much of its subsequent rapid de- 
 velopment of its agricultural and other resources. Under 
 its new name — Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific — and man- 
 agement, it has rapidly extended its lines east and west of 
 the Mississippi river, comprising at present two great divi- 
 sions, the eastern and the western, whose termini and lengths 
 of lines are as follows : 
 
 EASTERN DIVISION. 
 
 Toledo, Ohio, to St. Louis, Mo , 486 miles. 
 
 Decatur, III., to Quincy, 111. 151 " 
 
 Bluffs, 111., to Hannibal, Mo., 50 " 
 
 Maysville, 111., to Pittsfield, III., 6 " 
 
 Clayton, 111., to Keokuk, Iowa, 49 " 
 
 Logansport, Ind., to Butler, Ind., 93 '' 
 
 Edwardsville, III., to Edwardsville Crossing, 10 " 
 
 Bement. 111., to Chicago, 151 " 
 
 Decatur, 111., via Champaign to Havana, III., 131 '' 
 
 Peoria, 111., to Jacksonville 83 " 
 
 State Line, 111., to Warsaw 111 227 " 
 
 Total miles east of the Mississippi river, 1381 
 
 WESTERN DIVISION. 
 
 St. Louis to jCansas City, 277 miles. 
 
 Brunswick, Mo., to Council Bluffs, Iowa, 224 " 
 
 Koseberry, Mo., to Clarinda, Iowa, 22 " 
 
 Moberly, Mo., to Ottumwa, Iowa, 131 miles. 
 
 North Lexington, Mo., to St. Joseph, Mo 76 " 
 
 Centralia, Mo., to Columbia, Mo., 22 " 
 
 Salisbury, Mo., to Glasgow, Mo„ 15 " 
 
 Ferguson, Mo., to Biddle street, St. Louis 10 '' 
 
 Total miles west of Mississippi river 777 
 
 Grand total, 2158 miles. 
 
 The " main line " of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific 
 Railway runs in a northwesterly direction through Brown 
 county, passing through Versailles, Elkhorn, Mt. Sterling, 
 Lee and Pea Ridge Townships. The principal stations on 
 the line of the road in this county are: Mt. Sterling, Ver- 
 sailles, Mound Station and Perry Springs. The principal 
 lines of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific have steel rail 
 tracks, well ballasted road-beds, and altogether constitute 
 one of the greatest railroad systems in the West. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 GEOLOGY. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY.* 
 
 H E geological structure of Schuyler county 
 includes the quaternary system, the 
 lower portion of the coal measures, and 
 the upper divisions of the Lower Carbon- 
 iferous limetones. The coal measures are 
 of sufficient thickness to bring in another 
 coal seam, No. 4, which is not found in 
 any county south of this, on the west side 
 of the Illinois river. The following sec- 
 tion exhibits the formations to be foundin this county in 
 their relative order of superposition and thickness : 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Quaternary, comprising Alluvium, Loess and Drift . . . 100 
 
 Coal Measures 200 to 250 
 
 St. Louis group 30 to 40 
 
 Keokuk : 60 to 70 
 
 The three lower groups, properly belong to what are 
 known as stratified rocks, (i. e.) formed in regular layers, 
 and also to that division of geology termed paleozoic, 
 because the fossils represent only ancient forms of animal 
 and vegetable life, while the upper division belongs to the 
 most recent geological age, and the fossils are the remains 
 of animals of species now living, or but recently become ex- 
 tinct. 
 
 If the geological series were complete, we should have above 
 the coal measures, and intervening between that formation 
 and the Quaternary, the whole of the Secondary and Ter- 
 tiary series, embracing many thousand feej in thickness of 
 strata, and representing, in their fossil contents, all the miss- 
 
 *For some of the data in the preparation of this chapter, we are 
 indebted to the State Geographical Keport, of A. H. Worthen, its 
 editor.
 
 48 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ing links in the great chain of organic life, which connects 
 the paleozoic age with the present. But as the Quaternary 
 is the most recent of all the geological systems, it may be 
 found resting directly upon any of the above deposits, from 
 the tertiary to the most ancient stratified or igneous rocks 
 that outcrop on the surface of the earth. This system in- 
 cludes all the superficial beds of soil, sand, clay, gravel, etc, 
 which cover up all the older formations, except along the 
 streams where the Lower Carboniferous limestone has been 
 laid bare by the action of running water. The term Allu- 
 vium, includes the surfacesoil and subsoil of the prairies, and 
 the bottom lands along the borders of our rivers and smaller 
 streams. Possibly, the former may correspond nearer, in 
 the time of its formation, with the Loess, than with the de- 
 posits of the river valleys, but it has generally been consid- 
 ered as coincident with the latter, in its formation, and 
 hence of Alluvial age. It has been formed, in part, from 
 the transported material brought down by the river current, 
 together with the animal and vegetable substances that de- 
 cay upon the surface, to which is added, the sands, clays, 
 and organic matter, that is washed down upon it from the 
 neighboring hills. 
 
 The Loess is restricted to the region adjacent to the Illi- 
 nois river bluffs and attains a maximum thickness of nearly 
 a hundred feet, but thins' out gradually from the bluffs to- 
 ward the central portions of the county. It consists of brown 
 and drab colored sandy, and marly clays, sometimes par- 
 tially stratified, and varying in color, with the variable quan- 
 tities of the oxyd of iron it contains. The characteristic 
 fossils of this group are the land and fresh water shells, 
 which however are not found in abundance in either of 
 these counties. 
 
 The Drift formation consists of unstratified clay and 
 gravel, usually of a brown or ashen gray color, containing 
 boulders of igneous and metamorphic rocks disseminated 
 through it, but most abundant in the lower portion of the 
 deposit. The material composing the Drift formation is 
 supposed to have been transported here by the combined 
 agencies of ice and water, during a period of submergence, 
 while the entire area of this and several of the adjoining 
 states was beneath the water level. Icebergs, impelled by 
 winds, or currents of water, and loaded with the detritus of 
 distant shores, were, no doubt, one of the most potent agen- 
 cies in the accumulation of the Drift, and we find, as we 
 trace this deposit southward from the Lake Superior region, 
 that the boulders diminish in size and number, in that 
 direction, until they entirely disappear. In this deposit we 
 occasionally find specimens of native copper, gold and the 
 ores of lead, iron, etc , but nowhere in sufficient quanti- 
 ty to be profitably worked, as the fragments found in this 
 petition are far removed from the . beds from which they 
 originally came. In the early settlements of this country, 
 many reports of the discovery of gold were made, by mis- 
 taking either the pyrites of iron or yellow mica, for that 
 precious metal ; the former, derived from the Coal Measures 
 or other stratified rocks of the adjacent region, and the lat- 
 ter from the decomposed boulders of sienite or gneiss, trans- 
 ported from the northern shores of the great lakes. 
 
 Ctrboniferous System ; Coal Meamres.^-The upper divi- 
 sion of the Carboniferous system is termed the coal mea- 
 sures and embraces all the coal seams and the associated 
 strata, when fully developed, attain a thickness of eight 
 hundred or a thousand feet. In Schuyler county only about 
 two hundred and fifty feet of the lower portion of the coal 
 measures are found, which may be illustrated by the follow- 
 ing section, showing the comparative thickness and general 
 arrangement of the strata : — 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Brown sandy shale 10 to 15 
 
 Compact gray- limestone 3 " 6 
 
 Bituminous shale, with concretions of limestone 2 " 4 
 
 Coal seam, No. 4 
 
 Fire clay and leptaria 8 " 10 
 
 Sandstone and shale 60 " 80 
 
 Bluish gray arenaceous li mestone. . . • • 2 " 6 
 
 Bituminous and argillaceous shale 4 " 8 
 
 Coal seam, No. 3 
 
 Sandy and argillaceous shales 12 '' 15 
 
 Gray limestone 4 " 6 
 
 Sandy and argillaceous shales 15 " 30 
 
 Coal seam, No. 2 • 
 
 Sandstone and shale 30 " 40 
 
 Coal seam No. 1 
 
 Fire clay 1 '* 3 
 
 Sandy shale and conglomerate sandstone • . . . .15 " 25 
 
 In the vicinity of Rushville, and also on a small branch, 
 which heads near Pleasant View, the beds comprising the 
 uppper part of the foregoing section are found well exposed. 
 They enclose coal seam, No 4, one of the most persistent 
 and valuable in the Illinois coal field. It outcrops in the 
 vicinity of Pleasant View and from thence northwesterly to 
 Rushville, underlying the elevated plateau around and be- 
 tween these points, that forms the water-shed between the 
 tributaries of Crooked creek and Sugar creek. This seam 
 ranges in thickness from four to six feet, aud in this county 
 averages about five feet. The roof is generally a bitumi- 
 nous shale, sometimes containing large nodules of dark blue 
 or black limestone, filled with marine shales, among which 
 are Productive muricatus, clinopislha radiata, pleurophorus 
 soleniformu, P. radiatm, cardiomorpha MissouriemU, discina 
 uitida, Schizodus curlus, etc. Above the black shale there 
 is usually a bed of bluish gray limestone, containing joints 
 of crinoidea, and a few small brachiopods, among which 
 the spirifer Uneatus, and a small variety of athyris subtilita, 
 are the most common. Coal has been mined in the vicinity 
 of Pieasant View for many years, for the supply of steam- 
 boats at Frederick four miles distant, on the Illinois river. 
 It was first worked by tunneling into the hill where the 
 coal outcrops, on the banks of a small stream running in 
 Sugar creek, but has long since been worked by shafts. The 
 following are the elevations : 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Height of coal seam at Pleasant View, above the high water 
 
 level of 1844 190 
 
 Above the river bank, opposite Beardstown 202 
 
 This seam has also been worked for many years in the 
 vicinity of Rushville, and in many places the shafts are not 
 deeper than twenty -five feet. The seam has a good roof
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 49 
 
 and is easily worked. Below we give the succession of 
 strata, downward from coal, No. 4, to coal No. 3. 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Fire Clay and shale, with Leptaria, 8 to 10 
 
 Clay Shale 25 " 30 
 
 Sandy Sh*»es, 30 " 40 
 
 Thin-bedded Concretionary Sandstone, . 8 " 10 
 
 Bluish Gray Calcareous Sandstone, 2 " 3 
 
 Clay Shale 2 " 3 
 
 Black Shale, 3 " 4 
 
 Coal No. 3, 2 " 3 
 
 On Sugar creek, ten miles northeast of Rushville, No. 3 
 is found outcropping at several points at the base of the 
 hills. Here it averages about three feet in thickness, with a 
 roof of shale and sandstone. A good exposure of all the 
 beds, down to the horizon of No. 2 coal, may be seen north- 
 east of Pleasant View, on a small stream running into Sugar 
 creek, and the following is the order of succession below coal 
 No. 4: 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Coal No. 4 4 to 5 
 
 Clay Shale and Leptaria, 8 " 10 
 
 Sandstone and Shale, 116 
 
 Hard, bluish-gray Limestone, 8 " 10 
 
 Black Shale with concretions of dark-blue limestone .... 4 " 6 
 
 Blue Shale with streaks of coal [No. 3] 2 " 3 
 
 Sandy and Argillaceous Shale 56 
 
 Coal, • • • ) 2 
 
 I'laly Shale, [ No. 2 Coal 3 
 
 Coal, . . . > 2 " 3 
 
 Fire Clay and Clay Shale 20 " 25 
 
 By the above table it will be seen that the strata inter- 
 vening between coals 3 and 4 are mainly sandstones and 
 sandy shales, and a portion of the sandstone is a very good 
 freestone, and was used for the construction of the jail in 
 Rushville, and for foundation walls in this locality. This 
 sandstone is well exposed on the banks of the streams north 
 of Rushville, and affords nearly all the building stone used 
 in this part of the county. Coal No. 2 is not so regularly 
 developed as either No. 4 above it or No. 2 below, and is 
 sometimes replaced by bituminous shales. It is worked in 
 several localities in this county ; on Coal creek tunnels have 
 been opened in this seam, along its line of outcrops, where 
 the coal ranges from two to three feet in thickness, but is 
 not equal to that from the seam above. The following i3 a 
 section on this creek, showing all the beds at the base of the 
 coal measures from the horizon of No. 3 down to the carbon- 
 iferous limestones : 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Soft yellow limestone 3 
 
 Bituminous shale 2 
 
 Coal No. 3, 2 to 3 
 
 Shale, 12 " 15 
 
 Hard, bluish gray limestone, 4 " 6 
 
 Clay shale 15 " 18 
 
 Coal No. 2, • • • 1J 
 
 Blue and green sandy shales 20 " 25 
 
 Hard calcareous limestone, 10 " 12 
 
 Ferruginous shale, 6 
 
 Calcareous shale with fossils 3 
 
 Blue and gray shale, 10 " 12 
 
 Shaly sandstone, • 3 " 4 
 
 7 
 
 Here coal No. 2 is not of sufficient thickness to be worked 
 and No. 1 is wanting altogether, its lo'cation being below the 
 three-foot bed of calcareous shale. At the mill site, a mile 
 and a half above Frederick, No 3 ranges from 30 to 36 inches 
 in thickness, and the coal is regarded better in quality than 
 that obtained from the same seam on Coal Creek. Just be- 
 low the mill the gray limestone of the St. Louis group out- 
 crops at the foot of the bluff, and has been quarried and 
 burned at the kiln at this point. The ferruginous shale 
 usually found above No. 1 coal is seen here resting directly 
 upon the limestone. Half a mile above Frederick, all the 
 beds, from coal No. 3 down to the base of the coal measures, 
 are exposed in the face of the bluff, but neither coals are 
 thick enough to let this point be worked. The following 
 section was made here, commencing at the top of the bluff: 
 
 FEET. INCHES. 
 
 Sandstone 10 
 
 Buff-colored, thin-bedded limestone, 4 to 6 
 
 Shale, 12 
 
 Bituminous shale (coal No. 3) 2 " 3 
 
 Shale, • 42 
 
 Thin coal (No. 2) • 6 
 
 Fire clay and shale, 20 
 
 Thin coal (No. 1) 6 
 
 Fire clay, shale and iron ore, . • . . 6 
 
 Sandstone, 6 
 
 Here none of the coal seams are of sufficient thickness to be 
 worked which occurs in several places in the county. On 
 section 32, T. 2 N. R 1 E., there are two bands of iron ore 
 in the shale below coal No. 2 that will afford a very good 
 ore for the manufacture of metallic iron. These bands oc- 
 cur just above the horizon of No. 1 coal, which is not deve- 
 loped here, and they are respectively 12 and 6 inches in 
 thickness, separated by about two feet of shale. The section 
 at this locality is as follows: 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Massive sandstone, 30 to 40 
 
 Silicious, 3 " 4 
 
 Bituminous shale (coal No.4 ) 3 '' 5 
 
 Shale, 27 
 
 Hard gray limestone, 6 
 
 Shale, 14 
 
 Brash coal, ) 1 
 
 Shale, \ 2 
 
 Coal, J • 2 
 
 Shale and sandstone, 12 
 
 Iron ore, 1 
 
 Shale, 2 
 
 Iron ore I 
 
 Shale with thin bands of iron ore 6 
 
 Sandstone and streaks of coal (No. 1) 18 
 
 Hard gray limestone of the St. Louis group, 10 
 
 The coal No. 4 is the only seam that can be profitably 
 worked in this county, and there is a sufficient quantity to 
 furnish an abundant supply of coal for all the demands of 
 the region adjacent to its outcrops, for many years. To reach 
 this seam it is necessary to sink a shaft to a depth varying 
 from fifty to seventy-five feet, or less, below the surface, and 
 it is found outcropping on the head-waters of several of the 
 small streams that drain the elevated region which it un- 
 derlies.
 
 50 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 St. Louis Group. — The lower carboniferous outcrops in 
 this county on the principal streams and the bluffs along 
 the Illinois river, between the mouth of Sugar creek 
 and the south line of the county. The St. Louis 
 group comprises the upper division of the series, consists of 
 a gray concretionary limestone of variable thickness, vary- 
 ing frorn five to twenty feet, below which we find a brown 
 Masrnesian limestone sometimes massive, and in regular beds, 
 and in other localities, intercalated with shale or only a thin 
 bed of shaly limestone. The concretionary limestone is not 
 regular and outcrops at intervals along the bluffs of Crooked 
 creek, and the Illinois river, as far north as the vicinity of 
 Browning, where it disappears. 
 
 The Magnesian limestone is more regularly developed 
 than the above, and is usually of a rusty brown color on the 
 surface from the oxidation of the iron which it contains. It 
 contains a few species of fossils, among which are Produdus, 
 Altonensis, Archimedes, Wortheni. Spirifer, Keokuk, Rhyn- 
 clwnella mutata, and a large Conularia, perhaps C. Mis- 
 souriensis of Swallow. 
 
 Keokuk Group — Only the upper portion of this group is 
 exposed in this county, and its greatest development appears 
 in the vicinity of Birmingham, in the northwest part of the 
 county. Here it is about fifty feet in thickness, the lower 
 part of which is a thin bedded limestone, containing many 
 of the characteristic fossils of this group, above which there 
 is about thirty-five feet of calcareo-argillaceous shale, con- 
 taining geodes of quartz and chalcedony. 
 
 ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. 
 
 Coo?. — The deposits of bituminous coal, which underlie 
 the greater portion of the surface, and especially that portion 
 lying west of Crooked creek, is the most important and 
 valuable mineral resource of this county. The upper seam 
 is the most valuable, and from its greater thickness and ex- 
 cellent roof, can be mined more economically than either of 
 the lower seams. The average thickness is nearly five feet, 
 and will produce about five millions of tons to the square 
 mile. It is a hard, bright coal, which breaks with a con- 
 choidal fracture, and is traversed by vertical seams of car- 
 bonate of lime, which are often stained with the oxide of 
 iron. The following is an analysis of the coal, from the 
 mines near Pleasant View, by Henry Pratten, reported in 
 Norwood's •' Abstract of a report on Illinois coals,' " page 
 24. 
 
 Specific gravity 1.286 
 
 Loss in coking 40.60 
 
 Total weight of coke 59.40 
 
 100 00 
 
 Analysis Moisture 6.0 
 
 Volatile matters 34.6 
 
 Carbon in coke 52.9 
 
 Ashes (deep red) 6.5 
 
 100.00 
 Carbo^in coal' * 57.8 
 
 The two lower seams, ranging from two to three feet in 
 thickness, are not so extensively worked at the present time, 
 
 but as they underlie a far greater extent of country than the 
 upper seam, they will undoubtedly furnish by far the greater 
 amount of coal in the aggregate. One or both of these 
 seams will be found underlying most of the uplands north 
 and east of Crooked creek, and accessible in inostj>arts of 
 the county, and as the demand for coal for mechanical and 
 manufacturing purposes becomes more imperative, their 
 value and importance will be eventually appreciated. 
 
 Clay. — Clays suitable for fire brick, and for the manu- 
 facture of pottery, are usually abundant in the lower portion 
 of the coal measures. In many places in this county fine 
 beds of it are exposed, and the clay below coal No. 2 -is of 
 good quality, and can be profitably worked in connection 
 with the coal, when it is two feet or more in thickness. 
 
 Iron ore. — A seam of ore, argillaceous carbonate of iron, 
 of excellent quality, comparing favorably with the Pennsyl- 
 vania ores, is found in Schuyler county, and the only point 
 remaining to be determined is, whether it can be found in a 
 sufficient body to justify the erection of an iron furnace in 
 this vicinity. Ore of similar quantity is found at about the 
 same horizon, at several localities in the adjoining counties, 
 but nowhere in large bodies. 
 
 Building Stone.— There is considerable good building 
 stone in this county, and it is accessible on nearly all the 
 streams. The sandstone below the main coal 6eam, fur- 
 nishes a free-stone of good quality, which has been used in 
 the construction of the jail in Rushville, and for foundation 
 and other building purposes. The brown magnesian lime- 
 stone of the St. Louis group, furnishes the best material for 
 culverts, bridge abutments and similar purposes, where the 
 rock is required to withstand the combined influence of frost 
 and moisture. The Keokuk limestone, underlying the geo- 
 diferous shales of that group, afford some good building 
 stone. For caps and sills, where handsome cut stone is de- 
 sired, this bed will afford the best material for that purpose, 
 that can be found in the county. 
 
 Limestone/or Lime. — The concretionary limestone, which 
 formed the upper division of the St. Louis group, furnishes 
 the best limestone for the manufacture of quick lime to be 
 found in this portion of the state, and it may be found in the 
 bluffs of Crooked creek, through nearly its whole course, 
 and at intervals, along the bluffs of the Illinois river, as far 
 north as Browning. 
 
 Sand and Clay, for brick-making are abundant in all 
 parts of the county, and may be obtained at nearly every 
 locality where the manufacture of brick is desirable. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY 
 
 contains about three hundred and six square miles. It is 
 well watered by the Illinois river, Crooked creek, McKee's 
 creek and their tributaries, giving a complete drainage 
 to its entire surface. The general surface level of the up- 
 lands range from one hundred to two hundred and fifty feet~ 
 above the beds of the principal streams, and the larger por- 
 tion was originally covered with a heavy growth of timber. 
 The upland prairies are small, and mostly confined to the
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 51 
 
 middle and western portions of the county. The bottom 
 lands on the eastern border of the county, are mostly prai- 
 rie, with belts of timber immediately adjacent to the water- 
 courses. The uplands are generally rolling, and in the vici- 
 nity of the streams the surface i3 cut into sharp ridges sep- 
 arated by narrow valleys. The best soils on the uplands 
 are those underlaid by the Loess, and are characterized by 
 a heavy growth of the common varieties of oak and hickory, 
 elm, sugar, maple, black walnut, linden, wild cherry, honey, 
 locust, etc., and are restricted to the vicinity of the Illinois 
 river bluffs. In their productive qualities these lauds are 
 fully equal to the best prairie soils. Further west, on the 
 tributaries of Crooked creek and McKee's creek, the timber 
 is mainly oak and hickory, including two or three varieties 
 of each, and the soil is generally a heavy clay loam, derived 
 mainly from the brown clays of the drift formation. The 
 prairie soil is mainly a dark chocolate clay loam, highly 
 charged with humus, especially on the level portions, where 
 the annual accumulations of animal and vegetable matters 
 have been retained, and in its productive qualities it ranks 
 next to the timbered soils of the Loess. The bottom lands ad- 
 jacent to the Illinois river pnssess a light sandy soil, and 
 when sufficiently elevated to be susceptible of drainage, 
 and protected from the aunual overflow of the river floods, 
 they are very productive. The timber of these lands con- 
 sists of cottonwood, soft maple, linden, ash, elm, black aud 
 •white walnut, pecan, hickory, sycamore, swamp white oak, 
 burr oak, Spanish oak, coffee nut, shellbark, hickor}', honey 
 locust, wild plumb, crab apple, dogwood, etc. 
 
 Geology. — The geological features of Brown county are 
 almost identical with those of Schuyler county and we refer 
 the reader to the heading of Geology iu the beginning of this 
 chapter, for that of Brown county. 
 
 The following section, showing the relative thickness and 
 position of the formation is given, that by comparison the 
 reader may see the difference in the thickness of the strata. 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Quaternary System, including Alluvium, Loess and Drift 80 to 110 
 
 Coal Measures 130 to 140 
 
 St. Louis Limestone 30 to 40 
 
 Keokuk group 40 to 60 
 
 Carboniferous System. Coal Measures. — This term is ap- 
 plied to a group of strata, consisting of 'sandstones, shales, 
 slates, and their beds of limestone, with the coal seams and 
 fire clays, with which they are associated. Only the lower 
 portion of this group is found in this county, including the 
 three lower coal seams, and the strata associated with them. 
 The highest beds of this group are found in the vicinity of 
 Mount Sterling, where a hundred feet or more of strata .may 
 be f.mnd outcropping on the small creeks which run north- 
 ward into Crooked creek. A section of these beds, down 
 to the horizon of No. 2 coal, shows the following order : 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Nodular gray limestone, partially exposed ...••.. 5 to 10 
 
 Shale 20 to 30 
 
 Black shale 4 
 
 Purple shale J 
 
 Coal No 3 H 
 
 Slmle and tire clay ; 15 to 20 
 
 Rough gray limestone, passing into a ferruginous conglom- feet. 
 
 erate 4 to 6 
 
 Sandstone and sandy shale 15 to 20 
 
 Blue argillaceous shale 30 to 40 
 
 Shaly calcareous sandstone, with fossils 3 to 4 
 
 Argillaceous, or bituminous shale 8 to 10 
 
 Coal No. 2 1£ to 2} 
 
 Fire clay 2 to 3 
 
 The lower coal seam is worked at several points northeast 
 of Mount Sterling, in open trenches, along its outcrops, in 
 the valleys of the small streams. The coal is about two feet 
 in thickness, and of good quality, with about five feet of 
 clay shale in the roof, above which there is a bed of black 
 slate, that at some places rests directly upon the coal. This 
 vein is not of sufficient thickness to be profitably worked. 
 On Little Missouri creek, in the northwest corner of the 
 county, on section 7, T. 1. N. R. 4 W , coal is dug at many 
 points in the ravines which intersect the bluffs of the main 
 creek. Here the coal is from 24 to 30 inches in thickness, 
 and resembles coal No. 2. 
 
 At the La Grange bluff on section 29, T1S.E.1 W., 
 the lower part of the coal measures are well exposed, resting 
 upon the St. Louis group, consisting of limestones and cal- 
 careous sandstones, which outcrop at the base of the bluff. 
 The following beds of the lower coal measures outcrop at 
 this locality. 
 
 feet. 
 
 Shale ■ 10 
 
 Band of iron ore, with fossils 
 
 Shaly clay • 3 
 
 Limestone 1 
 
 Bituminous shale 2 
 
 Coal 2J 
 
 Shaly fire clay 4 
 
 Compact nodular limestone 4 to 6 
 
 Shaly clay 15 
 
 Ferruginous sandstone 15 
 
 A little farther north coal from No. 1 seam has been dug. 
 The upper shale in the foregoing section, contains a calcare- 
 ous band in the lower part of the bed, which is filled with 
 fossil shells, among which are observed Productus murieatus 
 and chonetes mesoloba, and these species are also found in the 
 band of iron ore below. The clay shale below this limestone, 
 affords-the potter's clays so extensively used in this country 
 in the manufacture of pottery, and its average thickness is 
 fifteen feet- At Ripley, the same beds are exposed as at La- 
 Grange, and show but little variation in their lithological 
 characters, as may be seen by the following section at this 
 point : 
 
 FEET. 
 
 Micaceous sandstone 4 to 6 
 
 Argillaceous shale 4 
 
 Bituminous shale ' ' 3 
 
 Coal, No. 2 ' 2 
 
 Fire clay and shale .... - • • 6 
 
 Nodular bluish gray limestone 5 
 
 Light gray clay sha'e (potter's clay ) . ...: 15 
 
 Bituminous shale (coal No. 1) 3 
 
 Ferruginous i 
 
 (Juartzose sandstone 20 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF
 
 ■ 
 
 -v t r .--.rr7T.r.j .-.::? -?'Fr ; ■ ;: zi.773 

 
 "GEY OF SCHUYLER AJTD BROWS COVTTLE&, TLLJI 
 
 a
 
 54 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 lus^ ; Ruffled Grouse (Ortyx Virginianus) ; Quail (Philo- 
 hela Minor); Woodcock, ^Gallinago Wilsonii); English 
 Snipe, (Macrohamphus Griseus); Red-breasted Snipe, 
 (Garnbetta Melanoleuca); Telltale Snipe, (Gambetta Fla- 
 vipes) ; Yellow-Legs, (Limosa Fedoa) ; Marbled Goodwit, 
 (Scolofax Fedoa, Wilson); Numenius Lougirastris, (Long- 
 billed Curlew) ; Numenius Hudsonicu's, (Short-billed 
 Curlew) ; Rallus Virginianus, (Virginia Rail) ; Cyguus 
 Americauus, (American Swan); Cygnus Buccinator, 
 (Trumpeter Swan) ; Anser Hyperboreus, (Snow Goose) ; 
 fiermicala Canadensis, (Canada Goose) ; Bermicala Brenta, 
 ( Brant) ; Anas Boschas, (Mallard) ; Anas Obscura, (Black 
 Duck) ; Dafila Acuta, (Pintail Duck) ; Nettion Caroli- 
 nensis, (Green winged Teel) ; Querquedela dUcors, (Blue- 
 winged Teel ; Spatula Clypeata, (Shoveler) ; Mareca Amer- 
 icana, (American Widgeon) ; Aix Sponsa, (Summer, or 
 (Wood Duck); Aythaya Americana, (Red-head Duck); 
 Aythaya Vallisueria, (Canvas-back Duck) ; Bucephala 
 A lbeola, (Butter Ball); Lophodytes Cucculatus, (Hooded 
 Merganser) ; (Pelecanus erythrorhynchus) ; Rough-billed 
 Pelican ; (Colymbus torquatus), The Loon ; (Aegialitis voci- 
 ferus), Kildeer Plover ; Ball Head, Yellow-legged and up- 
 land Plover ; (Tantalus loculator); Wild Ibis, very rarely 
 visit this locality ; (Herodus egretta), White Heron ; (Ardea 
 Herodus), Great Blue Heron ; (Botaurus lentiginosus), 
 Bittern ; (Grus Canadensis), Sand Hill Crane ; (Ectopistes 
 migratoria), Wild Pigeon; (Zerjaidura Carolinensis), Com- 
 mon Dove; (Corvus carnivorus), American Raven; (Corvus 
 Americauus), Common Crow; (Cyanurus cristatus), Blue 
 Jay ; (Doliehonyx oryzivorus), Bobo'link ; (Agelaius), Red- 
 winged Black Bird ; (Sturella magna). Meadow Lark ; 
 (Icterus Baltimore), Golden Oriole ; (Chrysometris tristis >, 
 Yellow Bird ; (Junco hyemalisl, Snow Bird ; (Spizella 
 Sotialis), Chipping Sparrow; (Spizella pusilla). Field Spar- 
 row; (Melospiza palu-tris), Swamp Sparrow; Cyanospiza 
 cyanea). Indigo Bird ; (Cardinalis Virginianus), Cardinal 
 Red Bird ; (Pipilo erythrophthalmus), Cheewink ; (Sitta 
 Carolinensis), White-bellied Nuthatch ; (Mimus polyglot- 
 tus), Making Bird; (Minus Carolinensis), Cat Bird; ^Har- 
 ghorhyuchus rofus), Brown Thrush ; (Troglodytes sedon), 
 House Wren ; (Hirundo horreorum), Barn Swallow ; (Cotyle 
 riparia), Bank Swallow ; (Progne purpurea), Blue Martin ; 
 (Ampellis cedrorum), Cedar Bird; (Pyrangra rubra), 
 Scarlet Tanager: (Pyrangra astiva), Summer Red Bird ; 
 (Tyrannus Carolinensis), King Bird ; (Sayornis fuscus,) 
 Pewee; (Ceryle alcyon), Belted Kingfisher; Antrostomus 
 vociferus). Whippoorwill ; Chardeiles popetue). Night 
 Hawk ; (Chfetura pelasgia), Chimney Swallow ; (Trochilus 
 colubris), Ruby-throated Humming Bird ; (Picus villosus) 
 Hairy Woodpecker; (Picus pubescens), Downy Woodpeck- 
 er ; (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), Rea-headed Woodpeck- 
 er ; (Colaptes auratus), Golden-Winged Woodpecker ; 
 (Conurus Carolinensis), Carolina Parrot; (Bubo Virgini- 
 anus), Great Horned Owl ; Syrnium nebulosum), Barred 
 Owl ; (Nyctea nivea), Snowy Owl ; (Cathartes aura), Tur- 
 key Buzzard; (Falco columbarium), Pigeon Hawk; (Nau- 
 clt-rus furcatus), Swallow-tailed Hawk ; (Icteria Mi g aiwri p- 
 pieaas), Mississippi Kite ; (Buteo borealis), Red-tailed 
 
 Hawk, (Haliatus leucocephalus), Bald Eagle; (Falco ful- 
 vius), Ring-tailed Eagle. 
 
 We give the following classification of birds into three 
 divisions, as found in the " Transactions of the Illinois State 
 Horticultural Society " of 1876. 
 
 1st. Those of the greatest value to the fruit-growers, in 
 destroying noxious insects, and should be encouraged and 
 fostered in every way. 
 
 Blue Birds, Tit-mice or Chicadees, Warblers, (small sum- 
 mer birds with pleasant notes, seen in trees and gardens), 
 Swallows, Vuros, (small birds called green necks). All 
 birds known as Woodpeckers except sap-suckers, (Picus 
 varius). This bird is entirely injurious as it is not insect- 
 ivorous, but feeds on the inner bark, cumbium (and the 
 elaborated sap) of many species of trees, and may be known 
 from other Woodpeckers, by its belly being yellowish, a 
 large black patch on its breast, and the top of its head a 
 dark bright red. The male have also a patch of the same 
 on their throats and with the minor margins of the two cen- 
 tral tail feathers white. This bird should not be mistaken 
 for the two other most valuable birds which it nearly resem- 
 bles, to wit : — The Hairy Woodpecker, (Picus villiosii et 
 vars). These two species have the outer tail feathers white 
 (or barred with black), anil have only a small patch of red 
 on the back of the head of the males. The Yellow Ham- 
 mer or Flecker, (Colaptus auratus) is somewhat colored 
 with yellow, and should not hi mistaken for the sap-sucker. 
 It is a much larger t)ird. The Red-headed Woodpecker, 
 (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), sometimes pecks into apples 
 and devours cherries, and should bs placed in the next di- 
 vision (2d). The Wren, Ground Robin, (known as Cher- 
 wick), Meadow Lark, all the fly-catchers, the King Bee or 
 bee-catcher, Whip-poor-will. Night Hawk or Goat Sucker, 
 Nut-hatcher, Pewee or Pewit. All the Blackbirds, Bobo- 
 links, Finches, (Fringillidie), Quails, Song Sparrows, Scarlet 
 Tanager, Black, White and Brown Creepers, Maryland 
 Warblers, Indigo Birds, Chirping Sparrow, Black-throated 
 Bunting, Thrushes, except those named in the next class, 
 and all domestic fowls except geese. 
 
 2d. Birds of Doubtful Utility. 
 Which include those which have beneficial qualities, but 
 which have also noxious or destructive qualities in the way of 
 destroying fruits, and whose habits are not fully determined. 
 (Thus the Robin, Brown Thrush and Cat Bird are very val- 
 uable as cut-worm eaters, but also very obnoxious to the 
 small fruitgrowers. The Jay (Blue Jay) not only destruc- 
 tive to grain and fruits, but very noxious in the way of de- 
 stroying the nest eggs and young of smaller and better birds, 
 Robin, Brown Thrush and Cat Bird, Shrike or Butcher 
 Bird, Red-headed Woodpecker, Jay Bird or Blue Jay, Crow 
 and the small Owls (screech owls, Pigeons and Mocking 
 Bird). 
 
 3d: Birds that shoiill be Exterminated. 
 
 Sap-sucker, or Yellow-bellied Woodpecker, (see above), 
 Baltimore Oriole, or Hanging Bird, Cedar Bird, or Wax- 
 wings (Ampelis cedrorum), Hawks and the larger Owls.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 G-'J 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 FLORA OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES. 
 
 N speaking of the flora of the above counties 
 it is not our purpose to treat exhaustively 
 on the plants of the respective counties, 
 but rather to give a list of the native trees 
 and grasses found within their limits. The 
 intelligent farmer looks at once to the na- 
 tive vegetation as a sure indication of the 
 value of new lands. The kinds of timber 
 growing in a given locality will decide the 
 qualities of the soil for agricultural pur- 
 poses. The state of Illinois, by the botanist, 
 is usually considered under three divisions : the heavily tim- 
 bered regions of the south, the flora of which is remarkable 
 for its variety; the central portion, cons-isting mainly of 
 prairie, yet not without groves, which are usually adjacent 
 to water courses and the northern section. The counties of 
 Schuyler and Brown represent the characteristics of both a 
 timbered and prairie country. Few spectacles are so inspir- 
 ingly beautiful as a grand prairie at certain seasons of the 
 year, and yet the luxuriant vegetation, which at first view 
 seems so various, comprises but few species of plants. 
 
 Upon the flora of these counties civilization has produced 
 its inevitable effect. As the Indian and buffalo have disap- 
 peared before the white man, so have some of the grasses been 
 vanquished*by the white clover and the green grass. Below 
 •we add a list of 
 
 LIST OF NATIVE WOODY PLANTS. 
 
 Primus Virginiana, Choke Cherry. 
 P. Serotina, Black Cherry, Cabi- 
 net Cherry. 
 Cornus Alternifolia, False Dog- 
 wood. 
 C. Serieea, rtinnikinic. 
 C- Circinata, Pigeon Berry. 
 C. Sfolonifera " Red 
 
 Osier. 
 C. Paniculata " 
 
 C. Sanguinea, " 
 
 Corylus Americana, Hazelnut. 
 Crataegus Coccinea, Hawthorn. 
 C. Tomentosa, " 
 
 C. Crus-galli " 
 
 Carya Alba, Shagbark Hickory 
 C. Sulcata, Thick Shellbark 
 
 Hickory. 
 C. Tomentosa, White Heart Hick- 
 ory. 
 C. Glabra, Pig-nut Hickory. 
 Dirca Palustris, Leatberwood. 
 Euonymus Arnericanus, Straw- 
 berry Tree. 
 Fraxinus Americana, White Ash. 
 F. Viridis, Green Ash. 
 F. Sambucifolia, Black Ash. 
 F. Quadrangulaia. Blue Ash. 
 Gledifechia Triacanthos, Three- 
 Thorned Acacia, Honey Locust. 
 
 Acer Saccharinum, Eock Sugar 
 Maple. 
 
 A. Nigrum, Black Maple. 
 
 A. Dasycarpum, Soft Maple, Sil- 
 ver Leaf Maple. 
 
 A. Negundo, Box Elder, Ash 
 Leaf Maple. 
 
 jEsculus Glabra, Stinking Buck- 
 eye. 
 
 A. Sermlata, Smooth Leaf Alder. 
 
 Amelanchier Canadensis, True 
 Service-Berry. 
 
 Amorpha Frulicosa, False Indigo 
 Shrub. 
 
 A. Canescens, Lead Plant. 
 
 AmpelopsisQuinquefolia.Virginia 
 Creeper. 
 
 Asimina Triloba, Papaw. 
 
 Betula Nigra, River or Red Birch. 
 
 Carpinus Americana, Blue Beach. 
 Hornbeam. 
 
 Ceanothus Arnericanus, Red Root. 
 
 C. Ovalis, Great Red Root. 
 
 Cercis Canadensis, Judas Tree, 
 Red Bud. 
 
 Celastrns Scandens, Bitter Sweet 
 Wax Work. 
 
 Celtis Occidentalis, Hackberry. 
 
 Cephalanthus Occidentalis, Button 
 Bush. 
 
 Gymnocladus Canadensis, Ken- ' 
 tucky Coffee Tree. 
 
 Hamameiis Virginica, Witch 
 Hazel. 
 
 Juglans Cinerea, Butter Nut. 
 
 J. Nigra, Walnut. 
 
 Juniperus Virginiana, Red Cedar. 
 
 Lonicera Grata, Woodbine. 
 
 Menispermum Canadense, Moon- 
 seed. 
 
 Morns Rubra, Red Mulberry. 
 
 Ostrya Virginica, Hop- Hornbeam, 
 Iron- Wood. 
 
 P. Angulata, Cotton Tree. 
 
 Platanus Occidentalis, Buttonwood 
 Sycamore. 
 
 Populus Tremuloides, Quaking 
 Asp, Aspen. 
 
 P*. Monilifera, Necklace Poplar, 
 Cottonwood. 
 
 Primus Americana, Wild Plum. 
 
 Pyrus Coronaria, Crab Apple. 
 
 Quercus Macrocarpa, Burr Oak. 
 
 Q. Obtusiloba, Post Oak. . 
 
 Q. Alba, White Oak. 
 
 Q. Prinus, Swamp Chestnut Oak. 
 
 Q. Bicolor, Swamp White Oak. 
 
 Q. Imbricaria, Laurel Leaf Oak. 
 
 Q. Nigra, Black Jack Oak. 
 
 Q. Tinctoria, Yellow Bark Oak, 
 Quercitron Oak. 
 
 Q. Coccinea, Scarlet Oak. 
 
 Q*Rubra, Red Oak. 
 
 Q. Palustris, Swamp Spanish Oak, 
 Pin Oak. 
 
 Rhus Glabra, Sumach. 
 
 R. Toxicodendron, Climbing 
 Poison Ivy. 
 
 Ribas Cynosbati, Prickly Goose- 
 berry. 
 
 B. Hirtellum, Smooth Gooseberry. 
 
 R Rotunc ifolium, " 
 
 R. Lacustre, Swamp " 
 
 R. Floridium, Black Currant. 
 
 Ros Lucida, Prairie Rose. 
 
 R. Blanda, Wood Rose. 
 
 Salix Tristis, Rose Willow. 
 
 S. Humilis, Cone Willow. 
 
 S.Eriocephal a. Silky-head Willow. 
 
 S. Nigra, Black Willow. 
 
 S. Fragilis, Joint Willow, Brittle 
 Willow. 
 
 Sambucus Canadensis, Elderberry. 
 
 S. Pubens, Red Fruit Elderberry. 
 
 Sassafras Officinale, Sassafras. 
 
 Shepherdia Canadensis, Buffalo 
 Berry. 
 
 Smilax Hispida, Greenbrier. 
 
 Spirsea Opulifolia, Vinebark 
 Spiraea. 
 
 Spinea Tomentosa, Hardhack, 
 Willow Spinea. 
 
 Staphylea Trifolia, Rattle-box, 
 Wood-Bladder Nut. 
 
 Symphoriearpus Vulgaris, Coral 
 Berry. 
 
 Tecoma Radicans, Trumpet- 
 Creeper. 
 
 Tilia Americana, Bas^-wood. 
 
 Ulmus Fulva, Red Elm. 
 
 U. Americana, White Elm. 
 
 U. Racemosa, Cork Elm, Hickory 
 Elm. 
 
 Viburnum Prunifolium, Black 
 Haw, Arrow Wood. 
 
 V. Lentago, Sheepberry. 
 
 Vitis Aestivalis, Summer Grape. 
 
 V. Cordifolia, Frost Grape. 
 
 Zanthoxylum Americanum, 
 
 [Prickly Ash. 
 
 Lendera Benzoin, Spice Bush. 
 
 Rubus Strigosus, Red Raspberry. 
 " Occidentalis, Black Rasp- 
 berry. 
 
 Rubus Villosus, Blackberry. 
 
 Robenia Pseudocacia, Black Lo- 
 cust. 
 
 Our article will particularly treat of the more valuable 
 woods used in the mechanical arts, and the grasses, plants, 
 vegetables and flowers most beneficial to man, and particu- 
 larly those which are natives of these counties. The plants 
 are many and rare, some for beauty and some for medicine. 
 The pinkroot, the columbo, the ginseng, the boneset, penny- 
 royal, and others are used as herbs for medicine. Plants of 
 beauty are phlox, the lily, the asclepias, the mints, golden 
 rod, the eyebright, gerardia, and hundreds more which adorn 
 the meadows and brook-sides ; besides are climbing vines, 
 the trumpet creeper, the bitter-sweet, the woodbine, the cle- 
 matis and the grape, which fill the woods with gay festoons, 
 and add grace to many decayed monarchs of the forest. Here 
 are found the oak, with at least its twenty varieties ; the hick- 
 ory, with as many more species ; the thirty kinds of elm, 
 from the sort which bear leaves as large as a man's head to 
 the kind which bear a leaf scarcely larger than a man's 
 thumb-nail; the black walnut, so tall and straight and beau- 
 tiful, is nearly gone ; the hackberry, gum tree, black-and-
 
 56 
 
 HIS TOBY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 sweet, the tulip, the giant cotton woods, and hundreds more 
 attest the fertility of the soil and mildness of the climate. 
 The White Oak is much used in making furniture and agri- 
 cultural implements, as are also the Panel Oak, Burr Oak, 
 and Pin Oak. The Blue Ash is excellent for flooring. The 
 Honey Locust is a very durable wood, and shrinks less than 
 any other in seasoning. 
 
 In the above list we have given the scientific as well as the 
 English names, believing such a course best to pursue in the 
 study of plants, and more beneficial to the student or gen- 
 eral reader. There may be some plaints omitted, yet we 
 think the list quite complete. 
 
 GRASSES. 
 In spraking of these we purposely exclude the grain plants, 
 those grasses which furnish food for man, and confine our- 
 selves to those valuable grasses which are adapted to the 
 sustenance of the inferior animals. 
 
 Timothy, grass, or cat's tail, nat- 
 uralized. 
 
 Agrostis vulgaris, red-top or herbs 
 grass. 
 
 Muhlenbergia Diffusa, Nimble 
 Will. 
 
 Calaraagrostis Canadensis, Blue- 
 joint, a native grass of the 
 prairies, where it grew from ten 
 to fifteen feet in height. 
 
 DactylN Glomerata, Orchard-grass 
 
 Poa Pratensis, Kentucky Blue- 
 grass. 
 
 Poa Compressa, true blue grass. 
 
 Festnca Elator, Meadow Grass. 
 
 Bromus Leculinus, Cheat Chess, 
 foreign 
 
 Pliragmites Communis, the reed. 
 
 Arundinaria Macrosperma, or 
 Cane. 
 
 Solium Perenne, Darnel Ray 
 Grass. 
 
 Anthoxanthum Odoratum, Sweet- 
 scented Vernal-grass. 
 
 Phalaris Arundinacea, Reed 
 Canary-grass. 
 
 P. Canadensis, Canary Grass. 
 
 Paspalum Setaceum. 
 
 Panicum Sanguinale. Crab Grass. 
 
 Panicum Glabrum, Smooth Pani- 
 cum. 
 
 Panicum Capillare, Witch Gra*s. 
 
 Panicum Crus-galli, Barnyard 
 grass. 
 
 Setaria Glauca, Foxtail. 
 
 Setaria Viridis, Bottle Grass. 
 
 Setaria Italics, Italian Millet. 
 
 Andropogon Scoparius, Broom 
 beard grass. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 PIONEERS AND EARLY SETTLERS— INCIDENTS AND 
 ANECDOTES. 
 
 [HE finger of Clio points to many a deed 
 of noble daring that has deserved and 
 won an immortal fame. We reverence 
 the names of Leonidas and Arnold 
 Winkelreid, and history should ever 
 with a kindly care cherish their memo- 
 ries. The muse 'has watched with in- 
 terest the course of empires and the 
 vicissitudes of arms, and has jealously 
 recorded what might seem to be the greater events and 
 doings of the race. But there are deeds of courage and 
 daring no less deserving of a place on the page of honor be- 
 cause they were unattended by epaulette and plume. To 
 leave the borders of civilization and penetrate the deep 
 primeval forest necessitates an example of courage worthy 
 
 of the hero. The pioneers of Schuyler and Brown counties 
 shall not be forgotten. Their names shall have a place in 
 our history, and their memories shall not perish. Their 
 rauks are fast becoming thinned. A few who have laid aside 
 the gun and the ax for the staff yet survive to tell us the 
 story of thejr privations and to claim our gratitude. They 
 have lived to see their labors 'crowned with a success which 
 the most sanguine hopes could not have anticipated. The 
 unbroken prairie and the trackless forest, as if by the power 
 of Aladdin's lamp, have suddenly been transformed into vast 
 areas of waving harvests. The border line of civilization iu 
 its advance toward the setting sun has faded to the view. 
 In the footprints of the pioneer have followed civilization, 
 social blessing, and civil and religious liberty, as effect fol- 
 lows cause. The school was the invariable accompaniment 
 and the earliest institution of the settlement. Thus were 
 laid by the hands of the pioneers the foundations of our 
 public school system. On the ruins of the wigwam rest the 
 foundations of industry, and the hum of industry and the 
 noisy din of the trades are heard where once the stillness 
 was unbroken save by the war-whoop. 
 
 The " noble red man," the Indian of lion bearing has dis- 
 appeared ; civilization came upon him like a withering blight. 
 It robbed him of his courage ; it dwarfed his stature ; 
 it made him weak and to-day far removed from the 
 home of his fathers. He sits lamenting the loss of those 
 rude virtues which were once the Indian's pride ; jealously 
 and with surprise he looks back on his footprints and beholds 
 his favorite haunts and hunting grounds possessed by what 
 seem the appliances of some evil genius. While we cannot 
 stop here to discuss a question of ethics we may sympathize 
 with the Indian in what he has suffered at the hand of the 
 white man, yet we may recollect that he too was a despoiler. 
 A civilization of no mean pretensions antedated his advent, 
 or at least his savage condition. Whether this civilization 
 was that of a distinct race, or that which the Indians had 
 lost cannot be safely told. Certain it is, however, that what 
 are now Schuyler and Brown counties was inhabited by a 
 prehistoric race. Evidences of.its existence and civilization 
 are numerous. Specimens of pottery of fair workmanship 
 with artistic adornments are found in the mounds which 
 these ancient people, for reasons best known to themselves, 
 threw up. In some parts of the State various implements 
 of copper have been found, the work of these Aborigines. 
 Copper blades have been discovered tempered so highly as 
 to defy the efforts of modern art. The Indians who roamed 
 over the prairies of Schuyler and Brown counties were 
 principally remnants of the Kickapoos, Sax, Foxes, Potta- 
 watomies, and the Miarnis. They were all friendly, seldom 
 committing any depredations beyond stealing occasionally 
 poultry, hogs, and sheep. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 That territory of which we write was settled by the white 
 man before it was made a separate county, being a portion 
 of Pike, which at that time included all of the " military
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 57 
 
 tract," a large body of land which had been set aside by the 
 National Government in 1816 lor the use of the soldiers of 
 the war of 181*2, and divided among them in tracts of one 
 hundred and sixty acres each. 
 
 To Calvin Hobart and Orris McCartney belong the honor 
 of bt'ing the first to begin the pioneer life within the limits 
 of what is now Schuyler county, both arriving about the 
 same time. Calvin Hobart was born in Grafton county, 
 New Hampshire, and being filled with a love of adventure, 
 and having heard of the rich and fertile lands in the infant 
 State of Illinois, resolved to try his fortunes in the new 
 country. Decision with him was immediate action, and 
 preparing an outfit he at once started on his long journey. 
 At the beginning of the year 1823, we find them camping at 
 Bluff Station, where they remained until the nineteenth day 
 of February of that year. 
 
 Being prepared for the journey, and invigorated and rested 
 from having camped during the winter, they loaded their 
 worldly effects into the wagon, and proceeded on their journey. 
 The day was warm and pleasant, the sun shining bright, and 
 the snow mostly melted. Knowing that the only means of 
 crossing the river was on ice, and the weather indicating a 
 weakening of the same, the} - hurried forward and crossed in 
 safety. The outfit consisted of two horses, a wagon, one yoke 
 of oxen, two cows, and about ten hogs, and sufficient provi- 
 sions for three months' subsistence. After crossing the river 
 at Downing's landing, the present site of Beardstown, their 
 only road was an Iqdiau trail, which they followed up the 
 river to where Frederick now stands, and gained the top of 
 the bluff by noon of the nineteenth day of February, 1823. 
 Here a halt was made, a fire kindled by the side of a fallen 
 tree, and dinner prepared by Mrs. Sarah Hobart. our pio- 
 neer's wife. This dinner was the first ever cooked by a white 
 woman within the limits of the county. The company that 
 sat down to this dinner consisted of Calvin Hobart, his wife, 
 Chauncy and Norris, twin brothers, Truman and Elizabeth 
 Kemp, his children, William Hobart Taylor, a nephew, and 
 Samuel Gooch, both the latter being young men about twen- 
 ty-three years old, and unmarried. While eating, their at- 
 tention was attracted by a large number of bees flying around, 
 which circumstance suggested the existence of a bee-tree in 
 the vicinity ; after a few minutes' fearch the tree was discov- 
 ered and the honey secured. Dinner over, the journey 
 was continued, and by 4 o'clock of the tame after- 
 noon the edge of the prairie was reached, the trail entering 
 at the north half of section twenty-two of what is now Rush- 
 ville township. A short distance was traveled under the 
 leadership of Gooch, and reached the camp which Samuel 
 Gooch and Orris McCartney had built some time previous, 
 when they had brought over a drove of three hundred (300) 
 hogs to fatten upon the mast, where they found McCartney. 
 Here the party shared the hospitality and shelter of the 
 puncheon camp. On the morning of the 21st, Norris Ho- 
 bart and William H. Taylor were despatched with the team 
 to Bluff Station to bring the remainder of the supplies left 
 behind. The ice was becoming very rotten, but by careful 
 management they succeeded in crossing and recrossing the 
 river, and returned to the camp on the 23d, without accident 
 "8 
 
 or incident To prepare a house was the next thing to claim 
 the attention of our pioneers, as the camp was of little pro- 
 tection. Work was at once commenced upon the cabin ; the 
 manner of building we give in the words of W. H. Taylor, 
 as printed in the Schuyler Citizen, of June 15th, 1864 : " We 
 first cut the logs fourteen to sixteen feet long, and averaging 
 one foot in diameter. Then having them hauled together, 
 we commenced to raise our building by notching the logs 
 down one upou the other. This was done by cutting a notch 
 in each end of a log, and then making on the under log 
 what we called a saddle, by hewing a place on the end so as 
 to fit the notch in the upper log. Then we scored the logs 
 so that they might be hewn after the house was raised ; this 
 we called scutching the house down, as the process of hewing 
 was from the top downwards. After we got the building as 
 high as we desired, we laid poles across for joists, having 
 large" ones across the bottom logs for sleepers. We made 
 the roof of clapboards which we would make from some large 
 oak trees by sawing. These we laid on the ribs and 
 fastened down by poles on them which we called weight 
 poles. We laid clapboards on the joists instead of ceiling, 
 making what we called a clapboard loft. Our floor was 
 m-ide of hewed puncheous laid on the sleepers. We built 
 what was called a stick chimney. This was done by first 
 cutting out the logs at one end of the house as wide as we 
 wanted the fire-place and as high as the mantel tree. This 
 was enclosed with puncheons, one end fastened in the spaces 
 between the logs, and the other end notched into pieces, form- 
 ing the back wall. This we built up as high as the mantel 
 tree, and on this we built a chimney of split sticks about an 
 inch and a half wide by three-quarters thick, and of the 
 length required by the size of the chimney. We then plas- 
 tered it on both sides with clay, and built a back and jamb 
 with rock and clay. To complete the building it was to be 
 chinked and daubed. This was done by splitting out pieces 
 of wood of a suitable size and driving tbem into the cracks 
 between the logs and then plastering them with clay. In 
 about a week from the time we commenced we moved into 
 our new dwelling. In this cabin of one room, 12 by 14 feet, 
 Calvin Hobart and family resided for some months and felt 
 comfortably situated, and this was the first house erected, and 
 he the fir.-t settler in Schuyler county" This cabin was 
 built on N. E. quarter of the S. E quarter of section 16. 
 
 Within the next week after the completion of the first 
 cabin a second was commeuced on the southeast quarter of 
 the northwest quarter of section 16, and as readily finished. 
 In two weeks after the arrival of Mr. Calvin Hobart, his 
 father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Jonas Hobart, a veteran 
 of the revolutionary war, accompanied by Miss Ruth Powers, 
 arrived from Bluffs' Station in Cass County, at which place 
 they had arrived in November, 1822, from Vermont, travel- 
 ing all the way in a two-horse wagon, and where they had 
 been waiting for their son to prepare them a home, as they 
 were b >th aged and ill able to bear the exposures incident 
 to a camp life at that season of the year. At this time the 
 nearest market was at St. Louis ; the nearest blacksmith 
 shop at Carrol lton ; the nearest post-office was at Sangamon ; 
 the most convenient physician at Diamond Grove, and the
 
 53 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 nearest neighbor twelve mile miles distant at the landing and 
 on the opposite side of the Illinois river. The postage on a 
 letter was twenty-five cents, and even the necesaries of life 
 of the most meagre description were rare. No time was 
 spent in idleness, and by the middle of March, a garden had 
 been cleared and fenced, and was planted with potatoes, 
 onions, lettuce, radishes, beans, and vines, as soon as the 
 dangers of a late frost were passed, and thus the first tilling 
 of the virgin soil of Schuyler was made the servant of man. 
 Mr. Hobart being possessed of a good yoke of oxen and a 
 heavy span of horses, they were kept busily employed in 
 turning over the sod as long as it was supposed any thing 
 planted would have time to mature before frost. 
 
 Orris McCartney and Samuel Gooch having gone back to 
 their homes in Morgan County, shortly after the arrival of 
 the Hobarts, again returned to Schuyler in May, 1823, and 
 brought with them a hired man, Isaac M. Rouse. They gave 
 their attention to the southwest quarter of section 27, on which 
 they cleared a small field and planted it in corn. All three 
 were young unmarried men. They made their homes with 
 Jonas Hobart, while engaged in their work. Two months 
 after the arrival of the Hobarts, Ephraim- Eggleston, with a 
 wife and six children, four of whom were stepchildren by the 
 name, arrived and built his cabin on the southwest quarter 
 of section 16, and became a member of the Hobart settle- 
 ment, building the third house in the county. James Tur- 
 ner and Samuel Turner, brothers, came in October of this 
 year from St. Clair County, Illinois, more familiarly known 
 as the "American Bottoms," built their cabin and staked off 
 their borne on the northwest quarter of the same section as 
 Eggleston. Being young unmarried men, they returned to 
 their homes, where James soon afterwards died. Hardly 
 had the Turners left the lit le settlement when a stranger 
 appeared at the door of Calvin Hobart's cabin. He met with 
 a hearty reception, and then stated that he was looking for 
 a settlement in which to locate and pass the winter, giving his 
 name as Levin Green, accompanied with the information that 
 he was a local preacher of the Methodist church, and that 
 bis family with that of his brother-in-law, George Stewart, 
 were in camp at the mouth of Dutchman's Creek, sixteen 
 miles north of Downing's landing. He passed the night 
 with Calvin Hobart, and also made arrangements to have 
 his host bring the families to the settlement. In the morning, 
 he returned to his family and brought all down to Downing's 
 landing, where they were met by Calvin Hobart with his 
 wagon, and brought both families to the settlement, where 
 they found shelter in the cabin built by the Turners. A few 
 evenings after his arrival, Levin Green preached the first 
 sermon in the county, at the cabin of Calvin Hobart Late 
 in the fall of the same year, .Nathan Eels, with a wife and 
 seven children, arrived from the«east, and built his cabin 
 some forty rods east of Calvin Hobart's, it being the sixth 
 house built in the county, as McCartney and Gooch had 
 built one upon their land and moved into it in the mean- 
 time. 
 
 In the fall of 1823 the nucleus of the Bainbridge settle- 
 ment was formed by the arrival of Thomas McKee, a native 
 of Kentucky, who built his cabin on the northeast quarter 
 
 of section twenty, and Willis O'Neal, who came with him 
 and settled on section sixteen. They were both men of fami- 
 ly, and came from Indiana to Illinois, first coming to the 
 house of Calvin Hobart, where they spent a week before mov- 
 ing into Bainbridge. McKee was a natural mechanic and 
 possessed the ability to manufacture almost any article from 
 wood or iron. He was a good gunsmith, as well as black- 
 smith, and as soon as he built his cabin he also built a shop 
 and commenced to work at the latter, being the first black- 
 smith in the countv. The history of McKee will be found 
 more minutely given in the history of Littleton in which he 
 also made the first settlement, while that of O'Neal may 
 be found in the Pioneer Chapter of Brown county. These 
 were the principal, and we may almost positively assert were 
 the first and only emigrants to that portion of the country 
 now included in Schuyler county, in the year 1823. It is un- 
 necessary for the historian to record the axiom that their life 
 was one of ceaseless toil and endless privation ;and while it 
 required sturdy and brawny arms to wring from the soil the 
 scanty subsistence necessary to sustain life, it required stouter 
 hearts to brave the dangers of a pioneer life, in a distant 
 land, and away from pleasant and comfortable homes from 
 which many of the older settlers had come to enter the 
 wilderness and prepare the way for the rapid march of civi- 
 lization, which has since crowded many of them farther 
 towards the Orient. The difficulty of obtaining flour or 
 meal, which was about all consumed in the Hobart settle- 
 ment by fall, impressed itself forcibly upon Calvin Hobart; 
 and in the fall of the year 1823, he purchased the irons and 
 bands for what was known in those days as a " Baud Mill," 
 and soon had it in operation near his cabin. Horses and 
 oxen furnished the motive power, and each customer oper- 
 ated the mill whi'e grinding his grist, each taking turns in 
 the order of their arrival. 
 
 The education of the children was not neglected in this 
 settlement, but on the contrary received the attention of the 
 settlers during the first fall after their arrival. William H. 
 Taylor was selected as the teacher, and in the fall of 1823 
 the little ones were gathered into the first cabin built by 
 Orris McCartney and Samuel Gooch, they having erected 
 another, and the first school in the county was then and 
 there conducted. 
 
 The following year, 1824, witnessed a more rapid in- 
 crease in the population of the county. Many strangers 
 visited the settlement, and among the families who remained 
 to make themselves homes within its bounds were, David 
 • Blair, a hero of the Revolutionary war, and his family, 
 Thomas Blair and_ family, on section eleven ; and Jacob 
 White, with a wife and several children, and settled in Bain- 
 bridge, on sections two and three, built themselves cabins and 
 improved farms. The Hobart settlement received accessions 
 in the family of Riggo Pennington and his nephews, Wil- 
 liam, Joel and Riley, who brought their m >ther with them. 
 Joel and h>s mother made their homes on section 9, of Rush- 
 ville township. Benjamin Chadsey's arrival in the county 
 is so briefly and forcibly set forth in an extract, published in 
 the Schuyler Citizen of February 5th, 1880, that we give it 
 place as it there appeared : "Lite in the summer of 1824,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 59 
 
 two men (Benjamin Chadseyand his father-in-law, Mr- John- 
 son) started from the neighborhood, where the city of Dan- 
 ville now stands, on a journey westward. One, Benjamin 
 Cliadsey, hid been a soldier in the war of 1812, and had 
 received as his bounty from the lands laid off in 1816, and 
 set apart as a military tract for the soldiers of that war, the 
 southeast quarter of section seventeen (now Rushville town- 
 ship). His business was to find the land and see if it would 
 make a home for him and his little family. They traveled 
 west, following an Indian trail, until not far from Blooming- 
 ton, on the Mackinaw, they found an Indian village, where 
 they nsted a night. The next day they followed the trail 
 until they reached the Illinois river, opposite Fort Clark, 
 now Peoria. After another night spent in the hospitable 
 cabin of a settler on the bank of the river, they struck out 
 on a trail kadirg to the southwftt. They finally reached 
 Sugar creek, where they lost their bearings, but at last came 
 out of the timber on the prairie near the centre of Rushville 
 township, and near there found rest and refreshment in a 
 cabin recently built in which lived one of the thirteen fam- 
 ilies constituting the entire population of the county. With 
 the early morning the young man hastened further west 
 over the prairie and soon rejoiced in the rich luxuriant 
 grasses that waved in all their primitive wildness on the 
 beautiful piece of land that was to be his future home. 
 After he had resolved to locate permanently, he hastened 
 back to Eastern Illinois, and the next spring of 1825 re- 
 turned with his wife and two children and settled on the 
 farm, where he lives in a hale and hearty old age." 
 
 Another settlement was started in 182-1, in the extreme 
 southwestern corner of what is now Woodstock township, by 
 George and Isaac Naught, who came from Whiteside county, 
 Illinois, with families, and settled on section thirty-six. 
 George Naught, however, soon moved into Bainbridge, 
 where he continued to reside until 1871, the date of his 
 death. 
 
 Siiuuel Gooch had not been insensible to the charms of 
 Jonas Hobart's grand-daughter, Miss Ruth Powers, and the 
 result was a marriage ceremony, in February, 1824, Samuel 
 and Ruth being the central figures, and Levin Green, the 
 minister to perform the marriage rites. This was the first 
 marriage in either, what is now Schuyler and Brown coun- 
 ties, and to procure the necessary license the bridegroom 
 had to make a journey to Atlas, then the seat of justice of 
 Pike county, as the Hobart settlement was then within the 
 limits of that couuty. This year also witnessed the organi- 
 zation of the first Sunday School in the county, at the resi- 
 dence of Calvin Hobart, in the summer of 1824; and 
 Calvin Hobart was not only the founder, but also the super- 
 intendent. While prosperity smiled upon these hardy 
 pioneers, and they had participated in the pleasures of a 
 wedding feast, there was not a single occurrence to mar the 
 happiness of the little settlement. Ephraim Eggleston, hav- 
 ing moved to section thirty-one in the same township and 
 built his new cabin, was made happy by the arrival of a 
 little babe at his humble home, thus chronicling the first 
 birth in the county. It may not be amiss, to here state that 
 at the close of the year 1824, there were but thirteen fami- 
 
 lies in Schuyler and Brown counties combined, eleven being 
 in Schuyler and two in Brown — Cornelius Vandeventer and 
 the McFarland families. In the spring of 1824, Henry 
 Green, Jr., arrrived from Missouri, and he and his brother 
 Levin, went over to the eastern border of what is now Buena 
 Vista township, and commenced a settlement, which the fol- 
 lowing year rapidly increased. Levin built his pole cabin 
 on the southeast quarter of section twenty-three; and Henry 
 Green, Jr , chose the south half of the northeast quarter of 
 section twenty as a home for himself and little ones. Each 
 had a family of wife and two children. By their exertions 
 and letters to friends in Missouri large accessions were made 
 to the settlement in subsequent years. Levin and Henry, 
 Jr., resided in this township until 1829, and then removed 
 to that part of Brown county, now known as Missouri town- 
 ship. In personal appearance, Levin Green is said to have 
 been tall and sparely built, with long black hair and 
 whiskers, both allowed to grow, his hair hanging down in a 
 mass over his shoulders ; his complexion was tawny, and tra- 
 dition says that. Indian blood coursed through his veins. 
 His garb was that of a frontiersman, homespun clothes, with 
 buckskiu leggings, and either bare-footed or his feet inclosed 
 in moccasins The covering for his head was a " coon '' 
 skin cap with tail hanging down behind. Upon mounting 
 the stand to preach he would pull his cap from his head and 
 throw it upon the floor. Though unlearned he was elo- 
 quent. The name of John Ritchey figures prominently in 
 the early history of the county, and we first find his name 
 upon the records in the Circuit Clerk's office in a form of a 
 deed to the northwest quarter of section thirty-three, in what 
 is now Woodstock. The instrument bears date of March 12, 
 1821, and shows that he was a resident of Cincinnati, Ohio, at 
 that time. Though he did not come ti the county until some 
 time afterwards, it is evident that he had heard of this section 
 of the county, and in all probability bought with the. inten- 
 tion of coming. He was a native of Allegheny county, 
 Pennsylvania. Growing to man's estate and marrying in that 
 county and from there moving to Cincinnati, which place 
 he left in the early spring of 1824, making the journey in a 
 four-horse wagon, and bringing his wife, and Martha, Daniel 
 and Addison B., children, Martha being a well-grown girl. 
 He settled on the southeast quarter of section twenty-five, 
 built a cabin, broke about ten acres of land and put in a 
 crop of corn, and afterwards sold to Samuel Turner. He 
 then moved into Rushville township, bought another quarter 
 section, improved and rented it to Ephraim Hills and Henry 
 Hills, who came to the county in 1826, first stopping with 
 Richard Black, while yet a resident of Rushville, and then 
 moved into Littleton. 
 
 In the month of September, 1824, there came to the 
 Hobart Settlement, a young man, who in subsequent years be- 
 came quite prominent iuouuty affairs. This gentleman was 
 Jonathan D. Maulove, now a resident of Fort Scott, Kansas, 
 and to whom we are indebted for a valuable communication 
 pertaining to pioneer times. Manlove was a native of North 
 Carolina. He spent the winter with the early settlers, and 
 on the arrival of Samuel Homey in the spring, made his 
 home with him, and together they improved the southwest
 
 60 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 quarter of section eighteen in Buena Vista township In the 
 summer of 1825, Mr. Manlove taught a subscription school 
 in his cabin. He found a wife in the person of Miss 
 Sophronia Chadsey. His improvements were not confined 
 to one particular section or township, but throughout the 
 entire county, we find traces of his early improvements. He 
 was the first surveyor in the early settlement and was a use- 
 ful man in the school-room, church, or in the field. His 
 daughter, the wife of Mr. H. W. Taylor of Brooklyn, still 
 resides in the county. 
 
 With the year 1825, came a number of settlers, who have 
 occupied trustworthy positions in the organizations of the 
 country, and whose improvements were of a lasting charac- 
 ter. Many of their descendants are now honored and pros- 
 perous citizens of the county. Among the first to arrive in 
 the early spring were Samuel Horney. He was a native of 
 North Carolina, where he received a liberal education, suf- 
 ficient to enable him to follow the vocation of a teacher, be- 
 sides holding several official positions in his native county. 
 At the breaking out of the war of 1812, he enlisted and served 
 until mustered out in 1815, when he returned to his home 
 and married Miss Emilia Childs, who still survives him, liv- 
 ing with her daughter-in-law, Mrs. Jane Harvey, in Little- 
 ton. In July, 1818, he moved to St. Clair county, then in 
 the territory of Illinois, where he remained until the spring 
 of 1825, when he came to Schuyler county, and made his 
 home in the eastern edge of Buena Vista, a short distance 
 from Rushville, where he continued to reside until 1834, 
 when he moved into Littleton and died at a ripe age. Dur- 
 ing his lifetime he was quartermaster in the Fourth Illinois 
 regiment in the Black Hawk war, one of the Commissioners 
 in the organization of Schuyler county, and in 1842 and 
 1843, was a member of the State Legislature. His only sou 
 and child, Col. Leonidas Harvey (seven years old) when 
 brought to the county, fell at the head of the Tenth Mis- 
 souri regiment, while leading them in the battle of Cham- 
 pion Hills, Mississippi, in defense of his country's flag and 
 honor. John B. Terry and family arrived from New York 
 about the same time and settled close to the Hobarts on 
 section sixteen, where he built his log cabin, but removed 
 to Rushville at the organization of the county and built the 
 first house, a cabin, in that place. He was the first clerk of 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 Hart Fellows, with a wife and one child, William Henry, 
 were among the early settlers who made their appearance 
 in Rushville township in 1825. Mr. Fellows was a native 
 of Cincinnati, Ohio, and while young, was taken by his 
 parents to Indiana, where he grew to manhood. He then 
 moved to Illinois, coming first to Green county, and there 
 married. On his arrival in Rushville, he took possession 
 of a deserted cabin on section twenty-seven. They had been 
 in their new home but a brief period, when death claimed 
 the little son, William Henry, and his grave was the first in 
 what is now the beautiful cemetery iu the city of Rushville. 
 Mr. Fellows was among the most useful of all the early set- 
 tlers, and at different times held al! the offices in the county, 
 also being the first postmaster in the county. Receiving the 
 appointment of Collector of Revenues at San Francisco, 
 
 California, he went to that place and there died several 
 years since. He left but one descendant in the county, Mrs. 
 Anu Farwell, who was the second child born in the county. 
 The sturdy pioneers still came pouring in, and the popula- 
 tion increased so rapidly that county organization was be- 
 ginning to be discussed by all. In 1825, James Vance 
 arrived from the South with a family, and built his cabin in 
 section twenty-one, Rushville,' but was never a permanent 
 resident, and properly belonged, while in this county, to 
 that class of perrons known as squatters. He left the county 
 at an early day and became a pioneer of McDonough county. 
 David Wallace also came from the south, and made im- 
 provements on the same section with Vance, but subse- 
 quently sold his interest and left the county. David Man- 
 love, Jonathan Manlove, Sr., William P. Manlove, Moses 
 Manlove and David Manlove all arrived from North Caro- 
 lina. David Manlove, chose for his home the southeast 
 quarter of section twenty-eight ; the southwest of section 
 nineteen was selected by Jonathan Manlove, Sr., the father 
 of the family by that name, in Rushville township, while 
 William P. .Ma"nlove sought a house in the Illinois bottom. 
 David Manlove made his home in later years, in Brooklyn 
 and was one of the pioneers of that township. 
 
 In the early spring of the year, Samuel Turner returned to 
 take possession of his cabin, which he aud his brother James 
 had built in 1823, at which time they made the trip in a 
 canoe from St. Louis to Beard's ferry, and then came over 
 to Hobart's afoot. Young Turner found George Stewart in 
 possession of his cabin. He sold it and the improvement 
 to one of the neigh hora, and built a new cabin on the south- 
 east quarter of section twenty-five in Buena Vista township, 
 and after severe toil succeeded in improving his farm, which 
 lay in the skirts of the timber. Getting his house surrounded 
 with the necessaries, if not the comforts of life, and tiring of 
 bachelorhood, he married Miss Rachel Robertson, on the twen- 
 ty-fourth day of May, 1830, and continued his residence 
 here until 1834, when a man with a superior title made his 
 appearance and Mr. Turner lost his home, the result of 
 many years of arduous labor. He next sought a house on 
 the squ heast quarter of section eleven, which he purchased 
 and took possession of iu February, 1834 ; and which he 
 had to pay for no less than three times before securing a per- 
 fect title. The result of Mr. Turner's marriage was three chil- 
 dren, the second one of whom, Allen R., with his wife and 
 family, now resides upon the old homestead from which 
 Samuel Turner laid aside the cares of this world in April, 
 1855. 
 
 The result of Levin Green's correspondence with his rela- 
 tives, whom he had left behind in Missouri, made itself 
 manifest this year by the arrival on the second day of May, 
 1825, of Philip Spohnamore, John Spohnamore, George and 
 John Green, brothers, and Henry Green, Sr., the father of 
 Levin Green and James Robinson, all from Missouri, and 
 coming together. 
 
 Philip Spohnamore was a native of Maryland, moved to 
 Kentucky while a young man, there married and emigrated 
 to the wilds of Missouri, and settled in Cooper county of 
 that State, and in the early part of April gathered his
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 61 
 
 worldly effects into an old-fashioned covered wagon, and 
 turned his course for Schuyler county. With him he hrought 
 his wife, and Elizabeth, Margaret, Eleanor, Susan, Samuel, 
 and Sabert J., children, the elder onfs being grown. After 
 a toilsome journey he arrived at his destination, and took 
 possession of the southeast quarter of section twenty- four in 
 the Buena Vista township settlement. The stock brought 
 ■with him consisted of two cows- He built a wigwam of 
 bark in the forest, and for bedsteads drove forked stakes 
 into the ground, placed round poles across for slats, and 
 upon this spread the prairie grass. He cleared two or three 
 acres of ground by cutting down the rank weeds. This he 
 planted in corn, and then turned his attention to a house of 
 a more substantial character to protect his family from the 
 severe rain storms. His house was that of all the pioneers, 
 a rude log cabin. To this improvement he added a fence 
 around his growing crop. Being without money and pro- 
 visions this sturdy pioneer and his noble wife left home, going 
 down into the Morgan county se tlement and working for 
 money to purchase food and clothes, leaving their cabiu and 
 crop to the care of their children. After working several 
 months they returned. When the corn grew into that con- 
 dition known as " roasting ears," Mr. Spohnamore took his 
 plane, and by rubbing the ear of corn along the surface 
 shaved the kernels off as fine as he could, and of this they 
 baked their bread. When the corn became too hard to be 
 used in this way, and the band mills being few and liberally 
 pa ronized, Mr. Spohnamore constructed a mill of his own. 
 He felled a large tree, cut one end square and burned a hole 
 in the shape of -a m >rtar. This log he planted solidly in 
 the ground, made another log to fit in the mortar, then 
 suspended his pestle to an old-fashioned well-sweep, and by 
 alternately raising and dropping the pestle upon the kernels 
 in the mortar succeeded in crushing it sufficiently fine. The 
 finer particles were used for bread aud the coarser for 
 hominy. Much lime was saved by this pioueer by using 
 this primitive piece of mechanism. For meat they had 
 deer, turkey, and an abundance of other small game, which 
 then abounded, but neither beef nor pork. Mr. Spohnamore 
 was one of those pioneers who came to the county without 
 money, and a large family of children to provide for, and 
 was an exemplification of the axiom that " necessity is the 
 mother of invention." He lived to be eighty-four years of 
 age, and died at the residence of his daughter, Sarah, the 
 wife of uncle Billy Wilson, both of whom now reside in 
 Rushville. The first marriage ceremony after the organiza- 
 tion of the county was performed at the house of Mr. Spohn- 
 amore, on the twenty-seventh day of November, 1825. The 
 parties were William Hobart Taylor and Elizabeth, Mr. 
 Spohnamore's eldest daughter. The ceremony was per- 
 formed by Rev. Levin Green. George Green brought his 
 wife and children, Burrell, Dow, Lindsey, Walker, Henry, 
 and Rachel, and settled about a mile north of his father-in- 
 law, Philip Spohnamore, and made an improvement, and in 
 the spring of 1827 took possession of the coutheast quarter 
 of section twenty -four in the same township. John Spohn- 
 amore first built his cabin on the fame land with George 
 Green, and when George moved to his house on section 
 
 twenty-four, John moved to the southeast quarter of section 
 twenty, resided there until 1847, then moved into Littleton, 
 where he died. John Green and family made their home 
 on the northeast quarter of section twenty-three, and took 
 his aged father, Henry, Sr., and mother to live with him. 
 James Robinson, whose wife was sister of the Greens, also 
 had a family of children, and squatted on the southeast 
 quarter section twenty-nine, built a cabin, and from there 
 returned to Missouri in a few years. The Greens did not 
 remain in the township longer than 1829, when they moved 
 into what is now Brown county. Levin aud Henry Green, 
 Jr., were great rovers, and finally ended their days in Texas. 
 It is said of George Green that in moving to and from Texas 
 to Schuyler county he made no less than twenty-seven different 
 journeys, hiring his plunder hauled short distances, and then 
 stopping to earn money sufficient to carry him farther. 
 
 James and David Trainor were early settlers of 1825, and 
 made settlements in- Littleton, while John Starr, and 
 Hastings Starr, his sou, and Thomas Holliugsworth were 
 pioneers in Woodstock the same year. 
 
 James H. Smith came from the southern portion of the 
 stite in the summer of this year, and brought with him a 
 wife and family of children. Hj located in the Ho- 
 bart settlement where he first cam», and from there into Lit- 
 tleton, having purchased the northeast quarter of section 
 twenty-seven and the west half of the southeast quarter of 
 section twenty two in that township, from William H. Tay- 
 lor, as early, as December 24th, 1825, to which he 
 afterwards moved. Manlove Horney, a brother of Samuel 
 Horney, arrived from his old home in North Carolina and 
 settled on the same section of land with his brother. He 
 came with the father and brother of Jonathan D. Manlove 
 in the summer of 1825. 
 
 Jonathan Reno, a Tennesseean, came to the county in 
 August, 1825, and first located in Bainbridge township, 
 and afterwards in section 16 of Rushville. While living at 
 the latter place he lost a son Francis, in Aug. I* 25, who, it 
 is said, was the first white person that died in the county. In 
 1830 he moved to MeDonough county, and subsequently re- 
 turned to Schuyler again. He finally moved to Mis- 
 souri, where he died. His son Jonathan became a perma- 
 nent resident of the county, and is one of the prominent 
 farmers of Browning township. James Lammy, an Irish- 
 man, located on the bluffs northwest of Frederick in 1825. 
 His family consisted of a wife and three children, and the 
 following year, 1826 his wife died in confinement, and is 
 said to have been the second death in the county. 
 
 Another prominent pioneer immigrant of 1825 was Rich- 
 ard Black. He was born in South Carolina in 1784. After 
 he had become a man of family he moved to Kentucky, 
 where he lost his first wife, and married again. In the year 
 above mentioned he emigrated to Illinois, landing at Rush- 
 ville with his family in November, and purchased of Willis 
 O'Neal his improvement, including what is now the old 
 court-house square in the centre of the city of Rushville. 
 He paid O'Neal two hundred dollars for the claims, and in 
 less than a year he was "entered out" by the county and 
 sustained the loss of nearly all he had paid for the place.
 
 62 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 At that time the capital of Schuyler contained only one 
 hewed log cabin and stable, where now is heard the hum of 
 an active busy population. Mr. Black was compelled to 
 remove, which he did in the fall of 1826, and took up his 
 abode in section 15, of what is now Woodstock township. 
 His cabin was situated near where the road was afterwards 
 located from Rushville to Mt. Sterling. In later years his 
 hospitable cabin was sought by the weary traveler who was 
 always treated the best the country could afford. He re- 
 mained a resident of this part of the county until his death, 
 December 7, 1853. His sons William T., Isaac and James 
 P. Black are well known to the people of the county. 
 
 When he located in Woodstock there were but a few fam- 
 ilies living in that part of the county, and none in the im- 
 mediate vicinity. The whole country was covered with tim- 
 ber, excepting a very narrow strip of prairie running north 
 and south, in the edge of which he settled. Deer, turkeys, 
 prairie chickens, and all kinds of game were so plentiful 
 that he could stand in his cabin door, with rifle in hand, and 
 bring down auy one of them whenever desired. The wolves 
 were so numerous that they would chase the dogs clear to 
 the cabin door, and many times on rising in the morning 
 they would be standing in great droves in the door yard. 
 They were, however, cowardly and easily frightened away. 
 Whenever the prairie chickens were seen to fly in great 
 flocks over the country, or to huddle together on the trees 
 or fences, the old settlers always predicted a storm. It was 
 during these first years of the settlement that the people ex- 
 perienced so many hardships and inconveniences. The 
 mills that had been constructed were of the rudest and 
 most primitive character, known as the " Band Mill," a de- 
 scription of which may be had in the following chapter: 
 
 About this time, 1826, Calvin Hobart, Nathaniel Eels, 
 and William McKee had mills of this description in the 
 vicinity of Rushville. After the grain had been taken there 
 and crushed, it was brought home and sifted through what 
 they called a " sarch," woven of horse-hair, by the pioneer 
 women These were made with meshes both coarse and fine, 
 for sifting either corn or flour. \The first sawing of lumber 
 was done by hand with the whip saw The nearest saw mill 
 and the first one in this part of the county was built south 
 of Crooked creek, on the old Scott's mill site. The earliest 
 settlers frequently went to ^eardstown and purchased flour 
 to make their bread. It was then considered a great luxury 
 to have bread made from wheat flour; rye, hominy and jon- 
 ny cakes made simply of corn meal and water mixed to- 
 gether, generally without any salt, c instituted their bread 
 stuff principally. The customs aud modes of living are fully 
 described in the succeeding chapter, and we must only touch 
 upon them here. 
 
 Immigration rapidly increased, and the work of enumer- 
 ating those who came in 1826 and the improvements they 
 made now commands our attention. Thomas McKee, our 
 pioneer of 1823, had not been dilatory in setting forth the 
 fertility of the soil and the beauty of the country, when writ- 
 ing to his friends and relatives, whom he had left in Indiana. 
 His letters were the means of bringing a large number of 
 pioneers fr jni that state, the first arrivals being a party that 
 
 came on the 16th day of April, 1826. From the lips of Joel 
 Tullis, who is the last of the party now living in the county, 
 we have gathered the following: In the party were William 
 McKee, Joel Tullis, his son-in-law ; William McKee, Jr. 
 his son ; Charles Hammond, Isaac Linder, Vincent Westfall 
 " and James Thompson. They all came in wagons, William 
 McKee, Sr., and Joel Tullis, each with a two-horse wagon, 
 and the rest depending on these two for transportation. 
 They crossed the river at Beard's Ferry and pushed on to 
 the residence of Thomas McKee, the brother of William 
 McKee, Sr., where they remained until William McKee, Sr , 
 selected the northeast quarter of section 18 of Rushville 
 township. Several double cabins were soon built, and all 
 hands went to work with a will, and a good crop of corn, 
 potatoes, cabbage and other vegetables was soon growing on 
 the forty acres, which they had fenced and put into cultiva- 
 tion. Charles Hammond and wife did not remain later 
 than the following spring when they left the county, and 
 Isaac Linden, who had left his family in Indiana, being so 
 well pleased with the country, did not wait to assist with the 
 crop, but started back afoot to dispose of his property aud at 
 once move out. Joel Tullis was the only one save John 
 Thompson, who had a wife and family. Their names were 
 James, Mary. Joel, and Hammond, who also brought a 
 family consisting of a wife and one child. In planting they 
 simply turned the sod, and between the crevices of the 
 broken soil they dropped the corn. This crop was known 
 as " sod corn." The season was favorable, and the yield 
 bountiful, the corn producing twenty-five bushels to the acre, 
 the potatoes, cabbages and other vegetables equally fine, 
 while the watermelon patch was so thickly covered with the 
 enormous and luscious fruit that a passage over the patch 
 could be easily made without placing the foot upon the 
 ground. This magnificent crop w is but a fair example of 
 the fertility and productiveness of the soil in early times, and 
 was largely the cause of many remaining who would other- 
 wise have rambled on- As sdou as their crop was well ad- 
 vanced, the younger McKee was left in charge, and William 
 McKee, Sr., and Joel Tullis, who went along to as-ist his 
 father-in-law, to move his household goods, familvand stock, 
 started to Indiana with their wagons. J >hn Thompson also 
 went along to asi-ist, leaving his family with Mrs. Tullis, and 
 Vincent Westfall, who had left his family accompanied them. 
 Upon the arrival in Indiana, Joel Tullis began the con- 
 struction of a pirogue. He first selected a large, straight 
 poplar tree which he felled, then cut from the butt a log 
 about sixty feet long, which was dug out until nothing but 
 a shell remained. Wide boards were then nailed to the up- 
 per edge of the sides and allowed to extend out over the 
 water ; oar-locks, oars and long poles for propelling when 
 oars could not be used completed the pirogue, which was 
 finii-hed by the last of September. They commenced the 
 loading of the crafts, whose cargo consisted of household 
 goods, leather, groceries, a carding machine for William 
 McKee, and two men with families emigrating to Morgan 
 county, while the working force of this ancient method of 
 transportation consisted of Joel Tullis as captain, and John 
 Thompson, James Thompson his brother and unmarried,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 63 
 
 John Comb 1 , single, and Captain Daniel Matheney, a mar- 
 ried man. All aboard! and the craft left the bank and was 
 soon drifting down the waters of the Ohio. They traveled 
 by day, frequently grounding upon sand bars, as the river 
 *as very low, and then all hands had to get out and " lift 
 over." Joel Tullis, after several " lift overs," discoved that 
 the channel of the Ohio was staked out, and by noticing 
 closely no farther delays were experienced by our travelers, 
 who sped along by day and camped upon the banks at night, 
 with nothing for shelter but the blue vault of heaven lighted 
 up by the lurid glare of their camp fire. The solitude of the 
 wilderness was broken only by the sound of the plashing of 
 oars, or the echoes of the songs of the hardy woodman, as he 
 was hewing out his home in tlie depth of the forests which 
 then skirted the streams. The season of the year was such 
 that the trees of the forest were clothed in a robe of many 
 colors, and the romance of the trip was such as almost any 
 one could enjoy and gladly make even at the present day. 
 They reached the mouth of the Ohio without accident, and 
 were soon speeding their craft up the Mississippi, and thence 
 up the Illinois river. On their way up the last named river 
 a large deer, with antlers of many prongs, sprang into the 
 water and attempted to swim. The younger men of the party 
 were soon in a canoe and gave chase to the noble game which 
 was soon overtaken in the river, its head bent by the sturdy 
 arm of one of the number, its throat cut, and the carcass se- 
 cured. Though game was plentiful, no time was wasted in 
 its pursuit, as all were anxious to reach the end of their 
 journey. Many Indians were encountered on the banks and 
 in the channel of the river but all were peaceable and friendly. 
 Just at sun et on a beautiful October day, the prow of the 
 pirogue touched the banks of the Illinois river, where the 
 village of Frederick is now situated, the line was made fast 
 and Tullis, Matheney and John Thompson started for their 
 cabin, twelve miles distant, where they arrived and were re- 
 ceived with a hearty welcome. James Thompson and John 
 Combs were left to guard the pirogue and its precious cargo. 
 The next day, the cargo was transferred from the pirogue 
 to the cabin. After a few days rest, Daniel Matheney and 
 Charles Hammond started to meet William McKee, Sr., 
 who was making the journey in wagons. In the latter days 
 of October the party arrived in the wagons with the stock. 
 Those who returned in the wagons were William McKee and 
 family, of wife and six children, Isaac Linder and family, 
 and Daniel Matheney's wife and child, Westfall remaining 
 in Indiana. Joseph Bowhall, wife and children, and Thomas 
 Popham with a family were also of the party, who settled 
 around Tullis and McKee, remaining but one year, and 
 then moved on. Of Linder and Combs, we could get noth- 
 ing definite. William McKee, Sr., continued to reside 
 upon his improvement, until his death ; and his son now oc- 
 cupies the old homastead, one of the most valuable farms in 
 tha county. Joel Tullis subsequently moved into Buena 
 Vista township, and in 1847, becoming restless from the en- 
 croachments of the rapidly increasing population, he sold 
 his home, loaded his family of wife and children into an ox- 
 wagon, and started on an overland journey to Oregon, which 
 was then offering a section of land to each settler who might 
 
 locate within its boundaries. After a journey fraught with 
 sufferings of the most excruciating and heart-rending na- 
 ture, burying no less than six of his children by the dreary 
 wayside, without coffins and in graves hollowed out by him- 
 self, he reached his destination. He returned to Buena 
 Vista township in 1857, purchased a farm upon which he 
 resides with his children, enjoying the evening of his life 
 in peace and quiet. Daniel Matheney settled in Woodstock 
 first and then moved to Oakland, and from there to Iowa. 
 John and James Thompson's history may be found in Buena 
 Vista and Littleton townships, where they spent their days in - 
 honest toil, and both are now at rest in their narrow houses. 
 
 Alexander Ross, a native of Maryland, arrived from Ken- 
 tucky in the summer of this year, and with him came a wife 
 and six children, Alexander W. Levin, William Tolbert, 
 Rebecca and Elizabeth, and built his cabin and made his 
 home on the north-east quarter of section sixteen in Bu( na 
 Vista township, where many of his descendants now reside. 
 
 This year also witnessed the organization of the first relig- 
 ious society in the country. It was a Methodist class held 
 by R3v. William See, the junior preacher in the Peoria Mis- 
 sion, with Rev. Jesse Walker as preacher in charge. Rev. 
 See, came on horseback by way of Canton, Lewiston and 
 the McNeil Settlement, now Astoria, and held a two days 
 meeting and organized a Methodist Episcopal Church, with 
 the following membership in August, 1826 : Levin Green, 
 local preacher ; Henry Green, class leader ; William Skiles, 
 assistant leader ; Calvin Hobart, Steward ; James H. Smith, 
 exhorter; Sallie Hobart, Bettie Hobart, Judith Smith, 
 Margaret Carr, Catharine Justus, Rebecca Skiles, George 
 Skiles, Polly Skiles, George Stewart, Jonas Hobart, William 
 H. Taylor, William Carr, James Justus, John P. Skiles, 
 Elizabeth Skiles, Moses Skiles, Matilda Skiles, Polly Stew- 
 art. 
 
 It was also in the same year that the first settlement in 
 the extreme eastern part of the county was made by 
 Jonathan Viles, Nicholas Viles, his uncle, William Steven- 
 son, a son-in-law of Nicholas Viles and Amos Richardson. 
 This party with their families crossed the Illinois river at 
 Beard's Ferry early in the spring of 1826 and followed an 
 old Indian trail up the bluffs to the vicinity of Butlersville, 
 where they made settlements. It was then that the timber 
 of Hickory township was first made to resound with the 
 woodman's axe, and these were the men who struck the first 
 blows toward civilization. Richardson remained there until 
 he was shot and killed about 1830, by Bunvll Basset. -The 
 others moved out of this neighborhood and sought homes 
 elsewhere. 
 
 About six or eight miles west in what is Browning town- 
 ship we find another settlement, which was made the 
 same spring, by William Robertson. He came from Ken- 
 tucky, though he was a native of North Carolina, and was 
 attracted here by the quantities of game which then abound- 
 ed. In selecting a site for his cabin, he discovered an ex- 
 cellent spring of water on section sixteen of T. 1 N , R. 1 E., 
 where he located and continued to reside until his death, in 
 1866. Robertson was very fond of hunting and trapping, 
 which he followed for several years. There were quice a
 
 64 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 number of Indians, of the various tribes, then in the county, 
 and he frequently joined in the chase and slept in their wig- 
 wams. Bee trees were very plentiful, and he once took a 
 barrel of strained honey and peddled it out among the set- 
 tlers in Morgan county. He dried the hams of the deer, 
 and frequently floated down the river to St. Louis in an 
 Indian canoe with a load of them where he found a ready 
 market for their sale. He came here a single man, but was 
 early married to Elizabeth Kirklin, Esquire Isaac Lane, 
 officiating. Of his sons living, George resides in Texas, Alex- 
 ander and Joel on the old homestead, and Malcomb in Macon 
 county of this state. George Skiles, a Marylander, arrived 
 in the county December 2, of the same year, 1826, and first 
 stopped on section sixteen, of Rushville. He had resided in 
 Tennessee, Indiana, Kentucky, and Missouri prior to his im- 
 migration here, and had served his country under General 
 Jackson at New Orleans. He brought with him a family of 
 eleven children, seven of whom are yet living. He held 
 the first coroners inquest in the county, over the body of 
 George Everett, who was shot and killed by Jam a Morgan. 
 Skiles, David and Alfred C. Wallace, erected a water mill 
 on Sugar creek, and had it running early in 1829. It was 
 a rude affair constructed of logs, and the ruins of the old 
 dam are still pointed out by some of the older citizens on sec- 
 tion twenty, of T. 1 N., R. 1 east. It had two run of burrs, 
 one for wheat and one for corn. In 1831 they added an up- 
 and-down saw, and did quite a lumber business. In Novem- 
 ber 1826, Abraham Lemaster and his son-in-law Charles 
 Hatfield, crossed the river at Beard's Ferry and wended 
 their way north-westwardly to near the center of Bainbridge 
 township, where they took up winter quarters in Willis 
 O'Neal's vacated cabin. James B. Atwood was then the 
 only person living in that neighborhood. The f dlowing 
 spring Lemaster purchased Thomas McKee's improvement 
 on section twenty, but soon moved from these up on the 
 prairie on account of the mosquitoes which were so trouble- 
 some in that vicinity, that scarcely man or beast could en- 
 dure them. Hatfield first located on the prairie- north of 
 Rushville, and remained there about five years when he took 
 up a permanent abode in Bainbridge, and is still living, one 
 of the oldest pioneers of the county. 
 
 Of the pioneers to seek homes upon the rich lands of 
 Schuyler county in 1827, were Charles Teas, who settled and 
 improved a farm in Buena Vista; Dr. B. V. Teal, the first 
 physician and a native of Pennsylvania, came to Rushville, 
 and met with a hearty reception, and was instrumental in 
 giving the name to the county seat. 
 
 After the family of Greens had been in the new settle- 
 ment for several years and all having large families of chil- 
 dren, the clothes which they brought with them for their lit- 
 tle ones had become entirely worn out ; winter was approach- 
 ing and the children's clothing were in tatters. The parents 
 had no money with which to purchase the necessary gar- 
 ments. The mothers were equal to the emergency, and the 
 lint of thistles which grew in abundance was gathered, 
 carded into rolls, spun, and upon a loom, constructed by the 
 women from fence rails, the material for suits was woven 
 and their little ones furnished with comfortable as well sa 
 
 warm clothing. Cotton was then cultivated, and John 
 Green made a cotton gin in the spring of 1827, and after 
 that time thistle-down was no longer utilized for clothing. 
 Flax succeeded cotton, but it was many years before wool 
 could be produced, as the wolves were so numerous as to 
 make the keeping of sheep a matter of impossibility. This 
 was in the Buena Vista settlement, and here we had an in- 
 stance of the thrift and tact of the pioneer women. Jona- 
 than D. Minlove was the owner of a large pet bear, which 
 had become so ferocious that it had to be kept chained. 
 While absent from home Mrs. Samuel Hjrney, at whose 
 house Minlove lived and two young girls, Mirtha R'tchey 
 and Sarah Spohnam ire, attempted to feed" it, when it broke 
 its fastenings and chased them into the house. Attempting 
 to get in at the aperture left for a windiw they soon de- 
 cided to wind up the career of bruin. Knowing his fond- 
 ness for milk a crock of that liquid was procured and held 
 out to the bear by Sarah Spohnamore ; while drinking Sarah 
 Ritchey slipped up with a rope and soon had the marauder 
 in the toils, and it was not long until his life-blood stained 
 the ground, they having cut his throat with a knife. We 
 have heard it gently hinte 1 that the death of the bear was 
 the result more of sport than fear. 
 
 William Gordon, a native of Kentucky, came here from 
 Indiana with his mother in-law and her family in 1S27, and 
 purchased land of John A. Reeves, in Woodstock, who had 
 been living there for a short time. The Gordon and Taylor 
 families left the county. Reeves' wife had died, and after 
 selling out returned to Indiana, married again and came 
 back to Schuyler. Simon A. Reeves, a son of his, still lives 
 in the county. William Mitchel, a brother-in-law of Reeves 
 was also here as early as 1827. Moses and Jonathan Bill- 
 ings settled a few miles south of Rushville about the same 
 time. There also arrived in 1827 Isaac Sanders and family, 
 consisting of a wife and four children, and Jacob Fowler, 
 fathei>in-law of Richard Black, with his family, wife and 
 five children. They located in the Black settlement. Fowler 
 drove a flick of geese all the way from Indiana, probably 
 the first domestic geese in the ciuuty. They both resided 
 here until their death Fowler will be remembered as a 
 mail carrier, who at one time controlled nearly all the routes 
 in this part of the state. Moses Pettigrew, Archibald Par- 
 ris, James E lmonston, James, William and John Evans, 
 and Benjamin Golstou, also settled in the southern part of 
 the county as early as 1827. Pettigrew is mentioned more 
 fully in the article on Cooperstown, in the Brown ciunty 
 history. Abraham Hollingsworth came here from Morgan 
 county and located on section 6 of Frederick township, 
 April 7, 1827. He became a resident of Illinois in 1824. 
 After residing on the above place about two years he entered 
 land north of Rushville, near the creek that bears his name- 
 Mr H tilings worth was one of the early Justices of the Peace, 
 had an early band mill and was quite a noted man in that 
 early time. He had bat one child living, Gabriel B., resid- 
 ing in Browning township, at the age of 71 years. R iswell 
 Brines is another pioneer of 1827. The first winter in the 
 county he spent in the Chadsey settlement with Acel, his 
 brother, and James Stillwell, who came here with him. Mr.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 65 
 
 Briues lived for the most part of the first years iu the coun- 
 ty near Pleasant View, in Rushville township, married there 
 and subsequently moved into Frederick township where he 
 and his wife are still living, at a good old age. Abraham 
 Carlock, then a very aged man, with a large family of grown 
 children, settled in Hickory in 1827, aud died there a few 
 years later. Jacob Guinn locited in that settlement about 
 the same time 
 
 We will here give some of the early settlers iu the south- 
 ern part of the county, or that portion now comprising 
 Woodstock and Bainbridge, that have not been heretofore 
 mentioned. In 1829 Amelia Riley, with a family of six 
 sons and a son-in-law, Mordecai Fowler came from Indiana, 
 aud located in Woodstock. Mordecai Fowler was a son of 
 Jacob Fc wler, who has already been mentioned. John Logs- 
 don, who located in the Black settlement about this time, 
 had been a citizen of the county since early in 1826, and had 
 lived in the neighborhood of Rushville His brothers, 
 Vaughn, Amos Redman and Jackson, also became residents, 
 but they all migrated to Missouri. Allen Alexander was 
 another early arrival and located near Crooked creek, where 
 the Ripley road crosses, aud kept a ferry there for a number 
 of years. Timothy Harris, an eastern man, came from 
 Sangamon county and brought quite a herd of stock with 
 him, locating in the Black settlement. He became a perma- 
 nent resident, aud died here at a very old age. Zachariah, 
 Wells, and his sons Tenney and Joseph, and John Conrad, 
 came into the Naught settlement in 1830, and James Beard, 
 John Howell and Jonathan Manlove, Jr., in 1831. John 
 Skaggs, Pierre J. Jonte, Peter Hermitete, James F. Gros- 
 cloude and Peter Adams also located in the same settlement 
 as early as 1833. We clip the following from an address 
 delivered by Hon. Henry S.Metz: "An amusing but ag- 
 gravating incident is related of Pierre J. Jonte. He being 
 a Frenchman, and fond of wine, ordered a barrel of it to be 
 shipped him from Labelle, France. It came, as per order 
 via New Orleans and up the Mississippi and Illinois to 
 Beard's ferry, a distance of about 5,000 miles. He went 
 thither with a team and wagon to bring it home and, when 
 coming up the bluff hill aud almost in sight of his house, the 
 barrel rolled out the hind end of the wagon, down the hill 
 several rods and finally dashed to pieces against a tree. If 
 he didn't swear it is evidence thcough what troubles and 
 trials Christian fortitude will bear a person." Alexander 
 Stutsman, a Kentuckian, purchased the old Isaac Naught 
 place in 1834, and his wife and members of his family are 
 still residing in that neighborhood. Enoch and James Ed- 
 monston settled in Bainbridge about 1828. Rev. Joseph 
 Bell, a Baptist minister, Isaac Briggs, George Butler, Jacob 
 White, Peter Dewitt, Sanford Close, Elisha Hudson, Jerre 
 Jackson, Allen Persinger, Jonathan Reddick, Harvey Phin- 
 ney, Lawlers, Howells and others were early settlers in 
 Bainbridge. . 
 
 In the extreme eastern part of the county, comprising 
 Frederick, Browning, and Hickory townships, we will men- 
 tion a few early arrivals not heretofore spoken of. Andrew 
 Vance is said to have been the first settler on the present 
 site of Fredericksville at a very early clay. Edward White, 
 9 . 
 
 aud his son-in-law, Doolittle, came at an early date, and 
 located in the northern part of the township. John D. 
 Wren, Lyman Utter, Samuel Heaton, Jesse Darnell, Anthony 
 . Messerer, a native German, Jacob Jacoba, Thomas Bellomy, 
 Walter A. J. Black, John Utter, were also early settlers 
 here. Browning received some very prominent settlers iu 
 1828. It was this year that four brothers, Thomas T., Wil- 
 liam, Henry, and Hartwell Lancaster, natives of Kentucky, 
 located in section twenty-two of that township. The fol- 
 lowing year they were followed by their brother, Gabriel, 
 and their mother, Elizabeth. They were single men when 
 they came, but all married and reared families. Two of 
 them, Hartwell and Thomas T., are still living, and have 
 been residents of the neighborhood ever since their advent 
 into the county. Esquire Isaac Lane, quite a noted charac- 
 ter, and a man well remembered by the older residents, 
 came into that vicinity in the fall of 1828. He was one of 
 the first Justices of the. Peace in that part of the county, and 
 made many a young and happy pair man and wife. He 
 was a native Kentuckian, a man of Herculean frame, weigh- 
 ing over two hundred pounds. His father, Adrian Lane, 
 also came and lived with him. About 1850, the old Esquire 
 started on a trip to California, and died on the way. Shel- 
 ton Luttrell, an old pensioner of the war of 1812, came from 
 Tennessee, settling in section sixteen, in the same year. 
 George W. Justus, another Tennesseean, and twenty-eighter, 
 located in the vicinity of Ridgeville, and reared a large 
 family, some of whom are living in the county. John M. 
 Campbell arrived in the same settlement in the fall of 1829. 
 He was a North Carolinian, reared a family, was one of the 
 county commissioners, and a man generally known and 
 much beloved. Died at his home a number of years ago. 
 Stephen and Daniel Roberts m, however, had settled here 
 soon after William Robertson came in 1826, and had de- 
 parted before 1828. John Baker and George Garrison 
 were also early settlers. In Hickory, we will add Stephen 
 Y. Jolly, William K. Jones, William H. Gregory, William 
 Sackman, David Venters, Abraham Louderback, Jacob 
 Sharp, and Daniel Sheldon. We have not mentioned all, 
 but a more complete history of the settlements and many of 
 the parties herein found can be had in the various township 
 histories. 
 
 The Tullis settlement extended its hospitalities to Drury 
 Sellers and Robert L. Dark, his son-in-law, in the spring of 
 1828, and they secured a house by purchasing the cabin and 
 improvement of Charles Hatfield, on the southwest quarter 
 of section two, where they made their home together for a 
 short time, and then Robert L. Dark bought the northwest 
 quarter of section one, built himself a cabin, and continued 
 his improvements. Both these settlers became permanent 
 residents of the county, and were among the first to invade 
 and improve other townships. Sellers becoming a pioneer 
 of Littleton, where he died, and Dark of Brooklyn, where 
 he lived for many years, ultimately removing to Macomb. 
 Descendants of Drury Sellers now occupy the old homestead 
 in the western portion of Littleton. Robert L. Dark was 
 one of the pioneer teachers of the county, and was a useful 
 member of the community in which he lived. George Swan
 
 C6 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 aud family came iuto Buena Vista in the spring of 1829, 
 aud purchased the southwest of section thirteen from Sam- 
 uel Homey. Upon this tract of land he built his log cabin, 
 improved a fine farm, raised a family of children, and now 
 rests in the Hughes cemetery. He was a native of Ken- 
 tucky. Lemuel Sparks, a native of Baltimore county, 
 Maryland, was taken to Kentucky by his parents when a 
 lad of eleven years, from whence he moved to Indiana, and 
 thence emigrated to Schuyler county, arriving in the fall of 
 1829. He made the journey with a wagon and horses, 
 bringing his family, consisting of a wife and children, Ruth, 
 Louisa, Bloise W., Lemuel A., John B., aud Angeline, his 
 children. He bought the pre-emption right and improve- 
 ments, and subsequently the right and title of Charles Teas 
 to the northwest quarter of section twenty-three in Buena 
 Vista. Here he commenced work, and with the assistance 
 of his older sons, soon converted the wild prairie into a fertile 
 farm. He raised a large family, many of whom are now 
 residents of the county. His son, Bloise AV., lives in the 
 western portion of Brooklyn township, on a valuable farm 
 of his own, surrounded by a large family and the comforts 
 of life, aud John B. resides upon a handsome farm near the 
 old homestead. Mrs. Allen R. Turner is a daughter, and 
 resides with her husband in the northeastern part of Buena 
 Vista. Mr. Sparks died in 1855, on the old home place, 
 and was followed by his aged wife a few years since. 
 Ephraim Haines, a young man, who came with him, died at 
 his house, and was the first adult buried in the Hughes 
 grave-yard. Mr. Sparks was a man of great coolness, and 
 on one occasion, when a little son and daughter were at play 
 on the wood-pile, the lad accidentally struck his sister upon 
 the foot with an axe, almost severing the member. A doctor 
 was sent for, but before he could arrive, Mr. Sparks came 
 to the house, sewed the severed piece to its place, and dressed 
 the wound, which soon healed. 
 
 George Swan, being so well pleased with his new home, 
 wrote to his son-in-law, William Owen, in Kentucky, and 
 advised him to take advantage of the opportunities offered 
 in this country to secure a home aud to come out as soon as 
 possible. Mr. Owen at once acted upon the advice of his 
 father-in-law, and with his wife made the journey from Ken- 
 tucky on horseback, to visit and see the country, leaving his 
 household goods behind. He arrived at the house of Mr. 
 Swan in the fall of this year, and there spent the winter. In 
 the spring of 1830, he took his wife and went up into what 
 is now Brooklyn, there built his cabin, put in a crop, but be- 
 coming afflicted with ague he returned to the home of his 
 father-in-law, where he left his wife, and returned to Ken- 
 tucky and brought back his effects. He then sold his interest 
 in Brooklyn, bought the southeast quarter of section four- 
 teen, built his cabin and spent the remainder of his life on 
 hi.s farm adjoining that of his father-in-law. His widow and 
 children, now occupy the old home — now one of the finest 
 farms in the county. The year 1830 brought the Dark 
 family, Hosea Tullis and John Boggs to Buena Vista. The 
 former family consisted of the father, Samuel Dark, Sr., his 
 wife, Samuel L., his son ; Horace and Samuel Dark, Jr., 
 nephews, and Hugh Hays, a son-in-law. Horace Dark and 
 
 Hugh Hays had families, and Samuel L., and Samuel Dark, 
 Jr., were young, unmarried men. They all came from 
 Tennessee, crossed the river at Beard's Ferry, and arrived 
 at the residence of Robert L. Dark, on the seventeenth day 
 of April, 1830. They all moved into Brooklyn in 1832. 
 Samuel L. Dark married a daughter of John Moore, and 
 made his home on the northwest quarter of section five in 
 Brooklyn, where he now resides, having served his country 
 in the Black Hawk war, and while engaged in the service, 
 became converted and since that time has been an active 
 minister of the Baptist persuasion. The father settled on 
 the south west quarter of section one. in the same township 
 with his son, Samuel L., where he died some years ago. 
 Horace Dark made his improvement on the east half of the 
 northeast quarter of section fifteen in the same township. 
 Hugh Hays made his home on the northwest quarter of sec- 
 tion twenty-one, in same township, remained until his death k 
 Hosea Tullis a brother of Joel Tullis, and John Boggs 
 with families, came from Ohio and spent a year in Buena 
 Vista, but returned at the end of that time, becoming 
 alarmed at the report that the Indians were committing dep- 
 redations. 
 
 Dr. James Blackburn, one of the pioneer physicians of 
 the county, a native of Ohio, came to Rushville in the sum- 
 mer of this year and being a tanner by trade established the 
 first tannery in the town of Rushville as well as the county. 
 Having also studied medicine in his leisure hours, he com- 
 menced the practice of medicine. In 1836, he moved to 
 Brooklyn, at which place he died, leaving three children in 
 the township. The first permanent settlement made in 
 Camden and Littleton date their beginning from 1830. 
 John and Robert Brown, and Luke Allphin crossed the 
 river at Beard's Ferry in the fall of 1829, and came to Rush- 
 ville. Finding the better land already occupied, these 
 pioneers left the village passing to the west, and striking an 
 Indian trail, they followed on, until they reached a high 
 knoll, where Camden village now stands, and from that 
 point selected their future homes and staked off their land, 
 and then turned their course for their homes and families 
 then in Morgan county. In the fall of 1830, these pioneers 
 returned to the land which they had selected. They came 
 behind the slow but steady oxen, carving their way through 
 the timber, until they reached the prairie. There were a 
 dozen persons in the three families. Arriving at their des- 
 tination three hewed log cabins w«-re soon made ready for 
 occupancy, and the work of putting in a crop began. 
 Robert Brown located the southwest quarter of section 
 sixteen; John Brown on the northeast quarter of section 
 twenty, and Luke Allphin on the southwest quarter of sec- 
 tion seventeen. Here John and Robert Brown toiled for 
 many days aud here both died. The widow of John Brown 
 is still living in the township. Luke Allphin tiring of what 
 to him soon became a densely populated community, sold 
 his house and migrated to California where he died a few 
 years ago. David Snyder, a native of Virginia, arrived 
 with his family in a four horse wagon from Kentucky, in 
 October, 1830, and pushed forward into Littleton taking 
 possession of the north half of the northeast quarter of sec-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 67 
 
 tion thirty-three. He was the first to permanently settle in 
 the township and remain until his death, though the 
 Trainors were in the township at an earlier day but made 
 only slight improvements, remaining but a few years. Many 
 of Mrs Snyder's children are now residents of the township. 
 Among the pioneers of 1830 and 1831, were Philander 
 Avery of Camden, and Henry Moss, John Thornhill, 
 Jamison Wilson, Jesse Burke, pioneers of Huntsville. Dr. 
 Adams Dunlap, although not a settler in the county until 
 February, 1831, when -he arrived in Rushville, is worthy of 
 more than a passing notice from his intimate associations 
 with the early officers of the county. He is a native of Penn- 
 sylvania, and came to Schuyler, a single man of twenty-six. 
 He was a practioner of medicine and one of the pioneers in 
 that profession. Hardly had he arrived in the county, 
 when he was chosen Presidential elector on the Democratic 
 ticket in 1832. He filled the office of Probate Justice of 
 the county for three consecutive terms, being the first elected 
 in the county. He served in the Black Hawk war as as 
 sistant surgeon of the fourth regiment, and raised a company 
 of calvary for the Mexican war. His life has been one of 
 activity, and to-day he is reaping the benefits of a well-spent 
 life. He lives with hisdaughter, Mrs. William R. McCreery, 
 in Buena Vista. The first to settle in Birmingham in 1831, 
 were Brummel Sapp, and David and Moses Manlove, follow- 
 ed the next year by the Haggards and Pophams. 'The year 
 1832 also records the arrival of William C. Ralls, William 
 Lewis, William B. Manlove, John E. Rigsby and William 
 Huff in Brooklyn; Willis G. Moffett and William Spangler 
 and Stephen Perkins iu Huntsville; Elijah M. Wilson and 
 Richard P Applegate iu Littleton, and Richard Ashcraft 
 and William Burress iu Oakland, all of whom made the 
 first permanent settlements in their respective townships. 
 
 Alexander McHatton, Ephraim and Ira Owen, Henson, 
 Marlow, Jesse Plunkett, Balaam Busby, Raphael Wilson 
 and John Taggart in Camden ; Madison Clayton, David 
 Tyree, Reuben Allphin, Samuel Warren, and Stephen Men- 
 d-nhall in Huntsville; Alpheus Oliver, the Bilderbacks, 
 Wades, Bodenhammers, Wiers and Isaac Pigeon in Birm- 
 ingham; Robert Frakes, James Worthington, Thomas 
 Deaves, of Brooklyn, and Josiah Downen of Oakland were 
 pioneers in 1833; while the following year was marked by 
 the arrival and settlement of the Wests, Clarks and C'adys 
 in Camden, Alfred Jamison, the Brooks, William Crain, 
 Abraham Newfield and Jacob Houts in Huntsville ; Jona 
 than Short, David Graham and Robert Wilson in Birming- 
 ham ; Fielding Atchinson in Brooklyn ; Joseph Logan in 
 Littleton and William Lamb in Oakland, and many others, 
 whose histories and lives of toil may be more fully learned 
 by reference to the chapters on the respective townships 
 
 " THE DEEP SNOW. " 
 
 A history of Brown and Schuyler counties that should 
 omit an account of that remarkable natural phenomenon 
 known as "the deep snow " would justly subject itself to the 
 charge of incompleteness The snow commenced falling on 
 the 28th of December, 1830, and continued either day or 
 night until it had reached in the timber a depth of four or 
 
 five feet. Along the edges of the timber where it had 
 drifted in it was considerably deeper. The fences were 
 completely buried from view and were ignored by man and 
 beast who passed over them upon the hard crust. The set- 
 tlers were virtually imprisoned in their cabins except within 
 limits made necessary by extreme need, they obtaining a 
 supply of firewood by felling the nearest trees and carrying 
 them piecemeal to their snow-thatched cabins, the stumps- 
 of these trees, six or seven feet high, might be seen standing 
 years afterward grim monuments of that terrible visitation. 
 So deep an impression was made on the minds and memories 
 of those who endured the privation it entailed that it became 
 an epoch from which other occurrences and events of less im- 
 portance were dated, and it is a source of interest to the 
 young whose blood is yet warm, and whose curiosity renders 
 active the imagination to listen while the pioneer relates the 
 wonderful stories of that event. Domestic cattle actually 
 perished, and the beast of the forest as if mindful of a common 
 enemy and instinct with a feeling of mutual protection, col- 
 lected themselves in groups and flocks only to perish to- 
 gether. The owl hooted mournfully in his snowy retreat, 
 the hawk uttered a wild stream of hunger, and the wolf's 
 sad howl died dolefully with the December wind that passed 
 by the settler's cabin. Many are the stories told of those who 
 were storm-caught on the highways. The mill and the store 
 stood miles away in the snow, isolated and solitary like 
 pyramids amid the desert. But hunger is imperative iu its 
 demands, and these supplies of the necessities of life must be 
 reached Teams tire out and men almost perish. There is 
 a feeling of pleasure excited by conscious security from 
 threatened danger that far outweighs the pains of its pre- 
 vious apprehension, and while we sympathize with their suf- 
 fering we may yet find something to envy in those who were 
 exposed to tne perils of the deep snow. The most seemly 
 evidence of the brotherhood of ma l is unity and unanimity 
 in common peril, and joy must have filled the heart of the 
 early settler as his eye caught across that vast desert of 
 snow the form of some neighbor approaching for a friendly 
 intercourse or with sympathetic heart and willing hands. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY 
 
 This county is an off-spring of Schuyler, having been 
 severed from it early in 1839. The separation virtually arose 
 from the large territory of Schuyler, and the county seat — 
 Rushville — being situated in the northern part of the county. 
 It was believed that as the county developed the seat of jus- 
 tice would be moved to a more central point. Ripley, on 
 Crooked creek, was located in the geographical center, and 
 efforts were being made as early as 1836, to establish 
 the county capital at this point, and with considerable 
 show of success. The citizens of the north and south por- 
 tions of the county joined hands, and the result was that a 
 new county was born in the year above stared, with the seat 
 of justice located at Mt. Sterling, 
 
 The pleasant homes, the thriving towns, and the broad 
 cultivated fields that are seen on every hand, are the results 
 of the labors, hardships, and privation of the pioneer
 
 68 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 fathers. How.little does the present, busy, active generation 
 of this " iron age " give thought or heed to the debt of grati- 
 tude it owes to the fearless pioneer of the then western fron- 
 tier. The germ of our beneficent system of free schools was 
 of their handiwork, and nursed by their care. They brought 
 with them the tenets and principles of the Christian religion 
 so necessary to civilization. So, too, were they imbued with 
 the great ideas of personal freedom and justice, and trans- 
 mitted the same broad views to their children, " Young 
 America,*' as the generation is sometimes termed, in inno- 
 cent thoughtlessness, perhaps, makes a broad grin, and 
 lightly spe .ks of the fogy ism of the old settler. It must be 
 remembered that they lived in another age, that their days 
 of vigor and aspirations have gone long ago, and their enjoy- 
 ments exist largely in reminiscences of the past, when health 
 and a bright future lay before them. It is no wonder then, 
 that they cannot partake of the push, thrift, and advanced 
 ideas of to-day. They, for their time, performed well their 
 part, and in the unknown beyond will receive a fitting re- 
 ward. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The first white man to locate in the forests of what is now 
 Brown county was a "squatter" by the name of Sheppard, 
 in 1823. His pole cabin was situated in the northeast quar- 
 ter of section fourteen. He made no improvements except 
 to erect his cabin and girdle a few trees in its vicinity, near 
 the foot of the bluffs. From whence he came and whither 
 he went tradition is silent. 
 
 The honor of making the first permanent settlement, be- 
 longs to Cornelius Vandeventer, who came here with his 
 three sons William, Peter S., and Elihu, in the spring of 
 1824, and planted a crop of corn on the same ground that 
 the squatter Sheppard had vacated. The charred poles of 
 the squatter's cabin were lying there, mute evidences that 
 the white man had been there. Vandeventer was a native 
 of the old Dominion, his ancesters coming from Holland. 
 In 1810, he and his brothers Jacob and Peter emigrated to 
 Ohio, where they were among the earliest settlers. In 
 the year 1823, Cornelius, with his brother-in-law, William 
 McFarland, emigrated to Illinois, the former coming by way 
 of the Ohio river to Shawneetown where he wintered, aud 
 the latter overland with his stock. McFarland stopped near 
 Springfield, Illinois, where in the same winter he died. 
 Early in the spring of 1824, Vandeventer continued the 
 journey with his family to the central portion of the state, in 
 search of McFarland. The country was yet so sparsely 
 settled, that it was with some difficulty he found the 
 family. It was here that he left his family and came to this 
 county and put in the crop, above stated, after which he re- 
 turned and in the fall, brought his own and McFarland*s 
 family to his newly selected home, settling in the cabin that 
 he had already built. In coming he crossed the Illinois 
 river at Naples, and took a northern course over the bottom, 
 and approaching his improvements beheld a great number of 
 Indians on ponies, on an open space in the timber racing around 
 at breakneck pace, whirling and turning in every direction, 
 twisting themselves in every conceivable shape and yelling 
 as they went. This procedure somewhat startled the old 
 
 pioneer, but he moved on with the same firm pace as before, 
 and upon reaching the spot found his cabin and ripened 
 corn untouched. The Indians were then numerous in this 
 part of the country, and Camp creek was a favorite resort for 
 them in the spring of the year, where they came to manufac- 
 ture sugar from the sugar maple trees that abound in 
 that region. They were always peacefully and kindly dis- 
 posed, and many times the white and red boys indulged in 
 racing, jumping, wrestling and such athletic sport, which 
 were always greatly enjoyed by the Indians. It was not 
 long till the McFarlands had thrown up a cabin and moved 
 into it, and the next year they " cropped " together. The 
 next year 1825, Vandeventer's wife died. This was the first 
 death in the country. The old " Esquire," (as he was better 
 known) afterwards married the widow McFarland. The 
 old Esquires place was for several years the hospitable 
 cabin where the early settlers stopped and found succor in 
 the wilderness. It was he who helped to. choose the land, 
 raise the cabin and settle all the first arrivals in his neigh- 
 borhood. He was a brave aud hardy mau, generous to a 
 fault, and lived a long aud eventful pioneer life. He reared 
 a large family of children, and prospered in worldly posses- 
 sions, leaving a good property to his children. His 
 death occurred in 1865, at the age of 82 years. Elihu, his 
 son, is still living near the place where he assisted his father 
 in planting th ir first crop. A more complete account of 
 this fettlement is given in the Versailles chaptar. 
 
 The second upon the ground was Dr. Isaac Vandeventer, 
 a nephew of Cornelius. He came with his wife from Vir- 
 ginia in the fall of 1825, aud located at the foot of the bluff 
 in section IS not far from the little improvement of his 
 uncle He taught school in an early day, and in tbe mean- 
 time commenced the study of medicine, graduating at the 
 Cincinnati Medical College in 1830. He became a sue essful 
 physician in this part of the state. He died with the cholera 
 in 1S51. Hamilton Nighswonger, a brother-in-law to Cor 
 nelius Vandeventer, was a native of Ohio, and in the spring 
 1826, settled north of the bluff in section 17. His cabin was 
 situated in the northeast quarter of the section, within the 
 present limits of the town of Versailles. He remained here 
 until his death, which occurred in 1855. Some of his de- 
 scendants are yet residents of the county. Nighswonger wa« 
 indeed a pioneer. He had always lived on the frontier, and 
 battled and hunted with the red man until the disposition was 
 second nature to him, and which he much preferred to liv- 
 ing in a settled country. He was of Herculean form, a heavy 
 towering frame and a man of extraordinary strength and ac- 
 tivity. His features were even and pleasiug, and a high, 
 broad forehead, that denoted a keen and vigorous miud yet 
 while as strong as a lion, he was gentle as a lamb. He was 
 always attired in the hunter's garb of buckskin or homespun. 
 Generally his attire consisted of buckskin breeches of his own 
 manufacture, that went nearly to the ankle, where they »ere 
 fastened with a draw string about the tops of his moccasins, 
 and a striped linsey-woolsey hunting shirt, drawn around the 
 waist with a leather belt, on each side of which were scab- 
 bards for hunting-knives. This is the kind of suit worn by 
 nearly all the first settlers. In the same year, 1826, Willis
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 69 
 
 O'Neal came over from near Rushville and settled in Ripley. 
 He was formerly of Kentucky, and moved to the state of 
 Illinois several years prior to his settlement in what is now 
 Brown county. On crossing Crooked creek he halted in 
 section 33, and erected a small log cabin. The Indians aided 
 him and his sons to roll the logs- Liking the country, he 
 remained here, and in a few years built a better house and 
 made substantial improvements. He reared a large family, 
 some of whom yet reside in the county. His death occurred 
 in 1860, being eighty-four years of age. In the early days 
 of Schuyler county, before Brown was organized, Mr. O'Neal 
 occupied a prominent place in the politics and offices of the 
 county. It is said that he was somewhat peculiar or eccen- 
 tric in character, and that a stranger might misjudge him 
 from this fact The following is related by the early settlers 
 as an example of his peculiar temperament : In 1829, Alex- 
 ander Curry and Robert N., his son, had come from Ken- 
 tucky on horse-back, and were making a tour of Illinois, pre- 
 paratory to selecting a permanent settlement. They had 
 reached Schuyler county, and Joel Pennington, then sheriff, 
 had kindly offered his services to act as guide during their 
 sojourn in the county. Late in the afternoon of an October 
 day they reached the house of O'Neal where Pennington had 
 suggested they put up for the night. It was near dark when 
 they arrived at his cabin south of Crooked creek. Just as 
 they were dismounting a vicious dog of O'Neal's came bound- 
 ing out of the yard and grabbed one of the horses by the 
 heel. True to his instinct, the horse gave a sudden kick, 
 landing the dog several yards away, causing him to run yelp- 
 ing and howling back to the house. Mr. O'Neal just then 
 emerged from the cabin door, and to all appearance was 
 deeply offended at the unforeseen occurrence — so much so, 
 in fact, that he was short and crisp in bis manner, and de- 
 clined to entertain the strangers. They therefore mounted 
 their horses and pushed south and westward until they came 
 within sight of the light in William McDauiel's cabin, situ- 
 ated at what is now Mt. Sterling. Here they put up for the 
 night, and were entertained in the old pioneer style. In 
 justice to Mr. O'Neal, we would say that he was no exception 
 in possessing that hospitable 3pirit so universal with the 
 pioneers. The sudden pique was a little too much for his 
 ardent temperament. We are informed that in after days, 
 Mr. O'Neal and Mr. Curry became the » armest of friends. 
 
 No further settlements were made until early in 1827. 
 Some time in February of this year, two pedestrians might 
 have been seen wending their weary way through the timber 
 and over the prairies', seeking a home in this, then almost 
 uninhabited country. The train consisted of pioneers John 
 P. Hambaugh and George Lampkin, who were on their way 
 from Edwardsville, making a tour of the new lands of this part 
 of Illinois, with the intention, if it suited them, to make a 
 permanentMocation. Reaching Naples, they were informed 
 that by traveling northward a few miles they would find 
 some excellent vacant land. They accordingly crossed the 
 Illinois river at the mouth of McKee's creek, and from thence 
 to the bluffsacross the bottom. While exploring the soli- 
 itudes of the thick growth of timber and underbrush along 
 the bluffs of Camp creek they came in sight of civilization. 
 
 On entering the pioneer cabin they were hospitably met by 
 the family of Cornelius Vandeveuter. They made a halt 
 here and concluded to erect a cabin, and thus to establish an 
 " improvement right" in accordance with an Act of Congress 
 in order to hold the land. After completing their cabin 
 they returned to Edwardsville as they came, walking the 
 entire distance. In March of the same year, they again left 
 Edwardsville with a two-horse wagon filled with the neces- 
 sary supplies for the comfort of the parties in their new-made 
 hojne. Mr. Hambaugh was a single man, but Mr. Lampkin 
 had a young wife. Their journey was not an eventful one, 
 and in a few days they reached their cabin, which was situ- 
 ated in section 33. Mr. Hambaugh afterwards selected 
 ground and made the first improvement in the northeast 
 quarter of section 28, where the Hambaughs settled and 
 always resided after their advent here. He is yet living, and 
 is one of the oldest pioneers in the county. One of the most 
 energetic pioneers of the county — one who did as much as 
 any that ever sought the seclusions of its forests — was James 
 O. Reid, a native of Tennessee. Mr. Reid, with a family of 
 eleven children, a portion being grown, came into what is 
 now Elkhorn township in the fall of 1827, selecting as his 
 home the place now owned by Erwin Perry, and being a por- 
 tion of section 24, on the top of the eastern bluff of McKee's 
 creek. The site was chosen on account of its eligibility as 
 a location for a mill, which he erected and operated with the 
 assistance of his own sons. His nearest neighbor lived in 
 Versailles township, some three miles distant ; but his mill, 
 being liberally patronized, he did not become lonesome. This 
 mill was worked by hand, and the patronage becoming suffi- 
 ciently great and the labor not equal to the demand made 
 upon him and his sons, he erected a water, grist and saw 
 mill, which received a liberal patronage. 
 
 Early in the following year, 1828, John Stone and Sam- 
 uel Root came with their families and settled along the line 
 of the bluffs below Vandeventers, and near the few that had 
 then arrived. The former improved a farm in the north- 
 east quarter of section twenty-ejght, where he resided until 
 his death. Descendants of these families are also living in 
 Versailles township. Stephen D. Hambaugh came to the 
 State with his father's family in 1825. They settled at 
 Edwardsville, Madison county. In the spring of 1828, he 
 left Edwardsville, then a single man, and joined his brother, 
 John P., who had then commenced a home in this county. 
 Stephen afterwards married a daughter of the pioneer John 
 Stone, and settled down here for life. He became a promi- 
 nent and influential citizen in his community, having the 
 honor of representing his constituency in the Legislature one 
 term. He lived to a good old age, his demise occurring in 
 1877. In the fall of 1828, the settlement was increased by 
 two families, those of Jefferson Hume, and Elislia G. Adams. 
 The former came from Kentucky with a large family. He 
 located in the northwest corner of section thirty-three, at 
 the foot of the bluff, on the place now occupied by Dr. A. D. 
 Six. He was a carpenter by trade, and was a very useful 
 addition to the little colony. In after years he filled several 
 offices of honor and trust. In 1839, he went to Texas, where 
 he died. Mr. Adams was an emigrant from Canada. He
 
 70 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 came to the State a single man, and first stopped in Morgan 
 county, where he married Matilda Henry. In the year above 
 stated he came to this county and located in section one, Ver- 
 sailles township. He built a small cabin, and with his young 
 wife commenced the life of a pioneer. At this time there were 
 several bark wigwams occupied by the Indians, scattered all 
 along the bluffs, but their inhabitants were friendly and 
 peaceably inclined. Adams was quite a noted hunter, and 
 often joined the Indians in their sports while on the chase 
 for deer and other wild game. He became familiar with 
 their language, and thus gained their good will, and was a 
 favorite with the sons of the forest. This young couple who 
 came here with such high hopes, withstood the hardships of 
 pioneer life, saw the country develop almost from the first 
 blow, and the fine farms and homes grow up out of wild 
 nature, are now both living on the very spot where they first 
 established their home. Their step is feeble and slow. A 
 few more years, and they, like their neighbors of the forest, 
 will pass to the " happy hunting ground." The Henry 
 family, some of whom are yet living in the county, settled in 
 this vicinity about the same time. 
 
 In the early winter of 1828, Pleasant De Witt, with his 
 wife and child, came from Morgan county, Illinois, to which 
 place they had emigrated from Kentucky, in search of a 
 place where they might spend their youthful days in pre- 
 paring for themselves a home where they might raise their 
 family and pass their declining years in that peace and com- 
 fort which invariably follows a temperate, active and in- 
 dustrious life of toil in the pure air of a country home. 
 They pushed northward from Morgan county, until reaching 
 what had been an Indian encampment, though thea deserted 
 by the red man. Knowing full well that where the Indians 
 made a stopping place, the site possessed some, if not all the 
 requisites of a comfortable location, they decided to locate 
 upon the spot, and at once did so. Upon investigation, they 
 found that the principal inducement to the Indians was a 
 never failing spring of pure water, which poured its crystal 
 drops over the massive rocks, and the same spring at the 
 present day continues to empty its pure water in undimin- 
 ished volume, and sends it purling on its ceaseless course. 
 The place selected by the young couple was on section 
 thirteen, in what is now civilly known as Cooperstown town- 
 ship, just at the foot of the bluff overlooking Crooked creek, 
 and whose massive rocks still record the names of many of 
 the pioneers, who in years of the past, carved them there in 
 rude characters. While the faithful wife cared for the little 
 one, the sturdy father was felling the tree3 of the forest and 
 building a cabin, whose sheltering roof and hospitable walls 
 should protect himself and his dear ones from the winter's 
 blast- His cabin built, he spent the winter in. quiet and 
 content After years of toil and privation, years in which 
 man has reduced the frowning wilderness to cultivated fields 
 teeming with the wealth of the nation, this old pioneer is 
 passing the sunset of his life in Buckhorn, atthe ripe old 
 age of eighty years, in feeble health, patiently awaiting the 
 call of the Master to enter into perfect peace. Another 
 pioneer of 1828 was William McDaniel. He came from 
 Tennessee, and located with his family within the present 
 
 limits of the city of Mt. Sterling. His son-in-law, Perkins, 
 came at the same time, and built his cabin near McDaniel. 
 They sold their improvements to Alexander Curry in the 
 spring of 1830, when they moved to what is now Lee town- 
 ship, and from thence to the State of Missouri. William 
 Wilson came from Kentucky in the fall of the same year, 
 and settled in section twenty, Mt. Sterling township. He 
 had a large family. Not being well pleased with the prairie, 
 about 1830, he moved to the banks of Crooked creek, in 
 township one, south, range two, west. He established the 
 first ferry across the creek at this point. He afterwards 
 migrated to the State of Oregon. Dr. Bristow also came in 
 1828, and built his cabin in section nineteen, on Six's prairie. 
 He was a native of Virginia, and in an early day came to 
 this State, and first located in the American Bottom. Not 
 liking that portion of the State he came to this county as 
 above stated. He was the first physician of this settlement, 
 and was well beloved by his neighbors. His son-in-law, 
 Mark Riggin, came with the doctor's family, and settled 
 near them. He, too, was a useful man in the community, 
 being the first to give the ring of the anvil, and attend to 
 the wants of the few people in the way of shoeing their 
 horses, and mending their broken wagons. About 1834, 
 both the doctor's family and Riggin moved out of the 
 county. Obediah Nix came from the Southabout the same 
 time as the above, and settled a little southwest of Mt. 
 Sterling. He was possessed of a restless disposition, and in 
 1829 removed to the mounds in Pea Ridge township, being 
 the first settler in that part of the county- He subsequently 
 moved to what is now Lee township, and thence to Texas, 
 where we lost sight of him. A child of his was the first- 
 born, and the first death that occurred in Mt. Sterling 
 township. 
 
 Abel Larkin, the oldest living settler of the above town- 
 ship, was a native of Vermont, and came to the county a 
 single man in the spring of 1829. He made an informal 
 claim, or "improvement right" in the same year, on section 
 twenty-one, township one, south, range three, west, and in 
 the fall of the next year obtained his government patent at 
 the land office in Edwardsville. He afterward married, and 
 reared quite a large family. At this writing, the old gen- 
 tleman is living in section twenty-one, a little southeast of 
 the county capital. He has a fine residence, surrounded 
 with all that heart could wish. Just east of his present 
 domicile may yet be seen his first log house, the pride, 
 undoubtedly, of his early efforts. The old orchar^one of 
 the first planted in this part of the county, is still in exist- 
 ence, the crooked and gnarled trunks hovering near the 
 almost decayed building. On this very ground were situated 
 several deserted Indian wigwams when Mr. Larkin came 
 here. Their occupants had left but a short time before. In 
 the fall of 1829, David Six and his family left the " Sangamo" 
 country, and located in section twenty, not far from his 
 brother "Jack" Six. He afterwards nrade a permanent 
 settlement in section twenty-two. He came to this State 
 from Kentucky as early as 1823, with his brother Jack, 
 stopping in Sangamon county, near Springfield. David 
 brought his family on horseback, he and his wife carrying
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ■1 
 
 their children in their arms. Learning through his brother, 
 who had preceded him here, of the fine prospects of this part 
 of the county, he concluded to try his fortune a little further 
 west, and accordingly came here as above stated. Mr. Six 
 was a hatter by trade and manufactured the hats for the 
 early settlers He purchased his material and trimmings 
 with beeswax, that commodity being a cash article in the 
 market at the time. He afterwards became a prosperous 
 farmer, and died in the fall of 1857. His widow still survives 
 him, and is now residing at the old homestead. Benjamin 
 Haley was also from Kentucky, and settled in section fifteen 
 late in 1S29. He remained here but a short time, when he 
 removed to what is now Missouri township where he died. 
 Michael Killion, '• Brit" Provost, Steele, Ball, Leak, Barnes, 
 Pierce, and Wyatt came about the same time in the latter 
 part of 1829, and loca ed within the present boundaries of 
 Mt. Sterling township. They were principally from Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee. Wyatt was attacked with malarial 
 fever and died a short time after his coming. Most of the 
 others above named became disgusted with the winter of the 
 deep snow in 1830 and 1831, and moved to warmer latitudes. 
 
 Peter F. Decounter came from the State of Missouri to 
 this county in 1828, and settled in Ripley township on sec- 
 tion thirty-three. He was an old French sea captain, and 
 possessed the characteristics peculiar to the sailor. His sea 
 yarns were always a diversion to his few neighbors, and 
 especially the children. His step upon the threshold was 
 always welcomed with delight by the youngsters of the little 
 settlement. He had a large family ; all but one, a son, 
 Samuel F., who resides in Schuyler county, are scattered to 
 various parts of the country. Mr. D. and his wife both died 
 here several years ago. William Wilsie came in 1829, and 
 lived about three years in the Ripley settlement. He had a 
 large family, and built his cabin in section thirty-two. 
 Being of a restless disposition, he soon pulled up stakes and 
 moved to Arkansas. Jesse James and family came in the 
 same year as the above, and settled in section thirty-three, 
 near Mr. Decounter. He was an emigrant from southern 
 Kentucky, and came overland in the usual old settler style. 
 He remained here until . his death, which occurred in an 
 early day. But one of the family is a resident of the county, 
 the widow of Thomas Garrett, who lives a few miles south- 
 east of Mt. Sterling. 
 
 Jacob White, who is mentioned in the beginning of this 
 chapter, came across the creek into what is now Brown coun- 
 ty, aiidVpfctled on section 17, becoming in those days what 
 was considered a neighbor of Pleasant Da Witt. He se- 
 lected the southwest quarter of the section and, although 
 only a squatter at the time, commenced the cabin of that 
 day. While engaged in building it he had visitors in the 
 persons of Thomas F. Glenn and Ezekiel Rose with their 
 families, who, though strangers were friends, and received 
 his hospitalities. White's family consisted of his wife and 
 four grown children. ( He continued to reside upon the im- 
 provement in Cooperstown until 1835, when Huffman ap- 
 peared upon the ground and purchased the place from 
 White, who then returned to Schuyler county. The first 
 saw-mill built in this neighborhood was one erected by Asa 
 
 Benton, upon section four in 1829. Benton was a native of 
 New York, and early removed to Missouri. Thomas F. 
 Glenn, the ancestor of the large family bearing that name, 
 scattered throughout the county, and many of whom have at- 
 tained honorable positions in society and politicaHife, in com- 
 pany with Ezekiel Rose, left their homes in Kentucky in 
 the early part of 1829, and with their families came to Illi- 
 nois in a hired conveyance, commonly known as a "prairie 
 schooner," drawn by four horses and arrived at Jacob 
 White's in May, 1829. The man who bought them returned 
 to his home. Mr. Glenn was a native of Pennsylvania, and 
 brought with him his wife and three children. He made 
 his home the southwest quarter of section 16 which he sub- 
 sequently purchased from the school authorities as soon as it 
 was thrown into market. For a in >re extended account of 
 this family the reader is referred to the article on Coopers- 
 town township. Ezekiel Rose, Sr., the companion of T. F. 
 Glenn, brought with him a wife and large family of chil- 
 dren, some of his sons being grown were of great assistance 
 to him, as he was a man of forty-four years of age at the 
 time of his arrival. He settled on the northwest quarter of 
 section 16, immediately adjoining that of his comrade, Glenn. 
 He reared a family of ten children, most of whom married 
 and settled near the father. Mr. Rose died in 1868 at the 
 age of eighty-two, and his widow died in 1870. Mr. Rose 
 was among the first persons to bring domestic animals into 
 the county, consisting of several head of cattle. The settlement 
 was further increased by the arrival of Mrs. Rose's father, 
 Richard Stites, who settled on section 28. The Henry 
 family also settled in this part of the county as early as 
 1823. These were the settlers who first ventured into the 
 unbroken wilderness, and selected the bluffs on the bottom 
 land skirting them, in preference to the broad prairie tra- 
 versing the county from the east to the west, whose bosom 
 only awaited the slightest cultivation to produce the finest 
 crops The early settlers, however, seemed to prefer the 
 rugged portion of the county with its heavy forests, romantic 
 bluffs and numerous rocks, whose preparation for agricul- 
 tural purposes wore out the brawniest specimen of man. 
 Such, however, was the peculiarity of the early settlers, who 
 loved hard work and rugged nature. Another true type of 
 the pioneer character, in every sense of the word, was 
 Levin Green, who is mentioned above among the very earli- 
 est settlers of Schuyler county in the vicinity of Rushville 
 He remained there about five years, when he moved to what 
 is now Missouri township, Brown county, in 1829. He 
 erected a substantial double log house in section 20, on the 
 farm now owned by John Roberts. In its building his neigh- 
 bors were so scarce that he went over near Rushville to pro- 
 cure aid to raise the logs. It is said that the Indians were 
 present and also lent a hand to the work. He was a pecu- 
 liar make-up of the wiry, go-ahead, and push of the day. 
 His education was very limited, but possessed more than 
 ordinary ambition and zeal in whatever he undertook. 
 His vocation was a strange mingling of the early pioneer 
 preacher and back-woodsman. His eccentricities and vaga- 
 ries are yet told with much unction and hilarity by the old 
 settlers. When in the pulpit he had a way of twisting his
 
 72 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 mouth to one side, making the youngsters laugh at his gri- 
 maces. Once he started to attend church services without his 
 hat. He had proceeded part of the way when he stopped 
 at the cabin of one of the settlers and borrowed the neces- 
 sary head-gear. Although illiterate, he was the instrument 
 of making many conversions that have withstood the test of 
 time. In the fall of 1832 he sold his possessions and moved 
 with his family to Arkansas. More of his history and pe- 
 culiarities may be found in some of the township chapters. 
 Another of the pioneers, who was something after the style of 
 Green, came from Tennessee late in 1829, and squatted in 
 section 17. His name was Elisha Howard. He had a wife 
 and several children, and was a noted, hunter of the true, 
 back-woods kind. During the early Mormon agitation he 
 moved his family and joined his fortune with the " latter day 
 saints." The Stewarts were also among those who settled 
 in 1829. They remained but a short time, and moved with 
 the tide as it flowed westward towards the setting sun. 
 
 The Cooperstown settlement received an accession in the 
 summer of the year 1830, in the per-on of Elijah Bell, a 
 minister of what is known as the " Hardshell " Baptist per- 
 suasion. He settled on section thirty-six, close to Little 
 creek. He was very active in his religious work, and to his 
 energy many of the earlier congregations owed their estab- 
 lishment. He was a useful man in the community. Section 
 twenty was taken possession of by Ralph Alexander in the 
 fall of 1830. He entered the land and continued a resident 
 until his death. Among the settlers of this ytar who came 
 to Cooperstown township was Martin De Witt, the father of 
 Pleasant De Witt. Martin De Witt was an old man, being 
 fifty years of age when he came to this country in Novem- 
 ber 27, of that year. He was a native of New York, and 
 possessed a good education. He settled on section 24 in 
 1831, and was employed to teach a summer school, in 18 i2. 
 His family was large, and he left behind a progeny of several 
 generations, many of the members beiog now honored citi- 
 zens of the county. The old gentleman, soon tiring of the 
 quietude of pioneer life, went to Texas in 1839, attracted 
 thither by his love of adventure. He became an officer of 
 the Texan army then engaged in border warfare with Mex 
 ico. He started to return to his home in Illinois, but as 
 he never arrived, the supposition was that he met his death 
 at violent hands or by accident. Geo. Eraerick. an old 
 Pennsylvania Dutchman, arrived in the vicinity of La 
 Grange, in 1829 or 1830, bringing with him a large family. 
 A squatter, by the name of John Stewart, located on Crooked 
 creek. Benoni Hewlett was the Rip Van Winkle of the 
 settlement, whose principal occupation was that of fishing 
 and drinking whiskey. Like Rip he was always ready for 
 a drink, and always willing not to count the last one. Many 
 other settlers moved into and remained in the neighborhood 
 in 1830, but none left a more useful family than Thomas F. 
 Glenn. 
 
 Another prominent arrival of 1830 was Alexander Curry. 
 He was born in Maryland in 1770, and while a mere youth 
 moved with his parents to Kentucky. He married here 
 and reared a family. In 1829, with his second son, Robert 
 N , he made a tour of the State of Illinois on horseback. 
 
 Being well pleased with the country, in the spring of the 
 following year he moved his family to the State, and located 
 on the ground now occupied by the city of Mt. Sterling. 
 He afterwards became one of the leading citizens. After 
 the organization of Brown county Mr. Curry was appointed 
 the first postmaster, was the first precinct magistrate, and 
 built the first mill in this part of the county. At his death, 
 which occurred in 1842, he had amassed a good competency, 
 and was considered one of the foremost men in his commu- 
 nity. Many of his descendants are yet living, and are among 
 the representative citizens of Brown county. Philip A. Howe 
 came from Massachusetts when a single man during the year 
 1830. He was a carpenter by trade, and filled a useful 
 niche in the settlement. He subsequently located a few 
 miles east of Mt. Sterling in section 12, where he yet resides. 
 Mrs. Rachel Vandeventer and her son Jacob came in the 
 same year as the above. They were origiually from Virginia, 
 and on coming to the county they first stopped at Versailles. 
 In 1830 they moved to Mt. Sterling, and located within the 
 i present limits of the city. Mrs. Vandeventer died in 1865. 
 Jacob became a prominent man in the county, having served 
 several terms in the Legislature, was elected Probate Judge, 
 and filled other offijes of trust. He died in Mt. Sterling in 
 1809. Othersettlersof 1830, who located within the bound- 
 aries of Mt. Sterling township, were Thomas C. Tiunen, 
 James Alexander, Daniel Kendrick, and perhaps a few 
 others Benjamin Kendrick, a brother of the latter, came 
 a year later. Tmnen was a native of North Carolina, moved 
 to Kentucky in an early day, and from thence to Illinois. 
 He located in .-ection 21, town 1 south, range 3 west, and 
 subsequently m >ved to section 15, where he resided until his 
 death which occurred about 1840. Alexander was a Tennes- 
 seean, and settled in section 19, not far from Tinnen's. He 
 had a common school education, and was one of the early 
 teachers in the county. He lived but a fe* years after his 
 coming. The Kendricks located in the same neighborhood. 
 They were from Kentucky. Both reared considerable fam- 
 ilies, and were excellent citizens. Daniel moved to Iowa 
 about 1854, where he died, Benjamin died in Mt. Sterling 
 but a few years ago. 
 
 Thomas Reeves came to the county and purchased one 
 hundred and twenty acres of laud in section sixteen of Elk- 
 horn township in October, 1830. He built in those days what 
 was considered a palatial residence of hewed logs, in the bot- 
 tom near the bluffs. Scarcely had he finished his house, 
 when the " deep snow ' submerged the whole country, and 
 caused severe suffering. His nearest neighbors were Moses 
 Stinson, living one and a-half miles east, and Joseph Groves, 
 two miles southwest. Hiram Jacques may properly be 
 classed as one of the old settlers of the country. He was a 
 millwright by trade, and now lives in Elkhoru township en- 
 joying in company with his wife the fruits of his industry 
 and enterprise. The McDonnald brothers, John lames, 
 and William, are deserving of mention and also the Mc- 
 Coys, all pioneers. 
 
 William McDauiel, having disposed of his property in Mt. 
 Sterling township, bought a new home in section 5 of town- 
 ship 1 south, 4 west. Here he remained but a few years, and
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 73 
 
 like the rolling stone, was again upon the way looking for a 
 better situation, which he found in Missouri. Immediately 
 following McDaniel, came Jerry Walker, an unmarried man, 
 who settled on the northeast quarter of section 22, which 
 took the name of" Walker's Neck." He lived a bachelor 
 life for a number of years, and in 1835 went to Texas. David 
 Sackett and wife were the next to increase this little settle- 
 ment in 1830. On section 3 he settled himself, and after 
 building his cabin, amused himself in the construction of a 
 sod fence, the first and only one in the county, and as King 
 Kerley one of the old citizens in that neighborhood remarked, 
 its only utility was a barricade against the frogs, of which 
 the place was fruitful, being low and marshy, only noted 
 as a public resort for frogs, rattlesnakes and red-head 
 flies. Some wag gave the place the sobriquet of " Sackett's 
 Harbor." The remaius of the sod fence were still visible in 
 1851, and would no doubt have been a thing of joy for some . 
 amateur arch:vologis,t hunting relics of the mound builders. 
 Sackett tiring of associating with frogs and " red-heads," and 
 not appreciating the neighborly visits of rattlesnakes sought 
 new fields of enterprise and left the country in a few years. 
 From the sunny south came Abraham Brunk in 1830, with 
 his little family, settling on a portion of section 5, which he 
 cultivated for several years, and then moved to an adjoining 
 township, where he spent the remainder of his days. 
 
 One of the, leading pioneers of the county, in fact the most 
 widely known, was Rev. Granville Bond, who was born in 
 Kentucky, in 1805, and at the age of twenty-three, came to 
 Illinois to cast his fortunes with those who had already pen- 
 etrated the recesses of the wilderness and were battling with 
 nature and preparing the way of civilization which followed 
 them. Coming to Illinois in 1828, he stopped near where 
 the present city of Springfield stands until the fall of 1829, 
 when he came to Bro*n county and took up a pre-emption 
 claim in what is now Pea Ridge township. He returned to 
 Sangamon ounty, and with his family in the spring of 1830 
 came again to his pre-emption. Immediately upon settling 
 in this county he began laboring as a local preacher of the 
 M. E. Church, and followed the sacred calling for more than 
 twenty years, when he became an itinerant. He was a man of 
 good sense, a pleasant speaker, and his acquaintance through- 
 out the military tract was hailed by all, being loved by all 
 the entire sparse population. To the Hambaugh papers, 
 published in the Brown County Democrat, in 1875, we are 
 indebted for the following reminiscences related in letters 
 from Rev. Bond to the author of the papers : " In early days, 
 before public travel was so great as to necessitate the estab- 
 lishment of public roads, every man and woman kiiew the 
 number of the land upon which they lived, the number and 
 direction of the adjacent settlements, and could point the 
 course and tell the distance to each. Travel in large prairies 
 was done by points of projecting timber and by towuship and 
 section lines." Illustrating the method of travel in those 
 pioneer days, we quote as follows from Rev. Bond : " It was 
 one morning just at daybreak I was halloed to my cabin 
 door to find Peter Cartwright, who told me he had staid at 
 Mr. Green's the night before, and as there was no road any 
 farther, he wished me to direct him to his camp meeting two 
 
 .10 
 
 miles above Qulncy, on Bear creek, over thirty miles dis- 
 tant. I told him as it was foggy I feared that he could not 
 see points. Said he, ' Give them to me, and I will try it.' 
 I then gave them as follows : Go to a point west, keep straight 
 through two miles. Farther west you come to heavy timber 
 on high ground, we call it mounds ; mile west and you again 
 strike prairie ; you then go four miles west, leaving a point 
 to your left one-half mile ; you then travel three miles, leav- 
 ing the head of the Little Missouri three-fourths of a mile 
 to your right; you then travel three miles west, where two 
 points come near together — this is a point of Bear creek on 
 your right, and McKee's on your left ; keep southwest through 
 the timber four miles, when you will again come to prairie, 
 then turn southwest, so as to leave Bear creek timber some 
 two miles to the right, then in about eight miles you will come 
 to a very long point called Birch Branch ; turn west, so as to 
 cross the Branch two miles from its head or point, y.iu will 
 thf-n be within five miles of the Bear creek settlement." The 
 writer of the letter remarks that Rev, Cartwright told him 
 that on the whole journey he never saw a human being nor 
 habitation until he saw the smoke of the camp-meeting camp. 
 The points and the Indian trails were the only means of 
 travel in those early days of pioneer life. 
 
 In speaking of his early work as a minister, Bond says : 
 " I never had less than two appointments on a Sabbath, and 
 frequently three, and very frequently we held our meetings 
 two or three days. It was nothing strange for ladies to walk 
 six miles tonight meeting. It took but little to support a 
 protracted meeting in those days. Wild meat and sassafras 
 for tea was in abundance, and we raised rye for coffee, and 
 this, with plenty of wild honey and corn bread, constituted 
 the greater portion of our living. We had to always cook, 
 eat, sleep and preach in the same room." In his twenty 
 years of ministerial life he preached over 3000 sermons and 
 traveled over 28,000 miles, and never asked nor received a 
 cent. The reader desirous of learning more of the history 
 of this noble pioneer will refer to the history of Pea Ridge 
 township. Rev. Bond was followed to Illinois by his father- 
 in-law, Benjamin Gristy, whose daughter Elizabeth was 
 Bond's wife, who is still living at Mounds station at the ad- 
 vanced age of between seventy-five and eighty years. He 
 came from Kentucky in the old-fashioned crooked-bed 
 wagon, the journey requiring a period of twenty days. 
 Upon his arrival he erected a cabin near his sou-in-law's and 
 commenced the work of a pioneer. He entered about five 
 hundred acres of laud and was a man of thrift and influ- 
 ence. The little settlement was next increased by the ac- 
 cession of Berry Orr, who arrived towards the close of 1830 
 with a wife and six children. He settled in that pirt of 
 section 27, now occupied by John Simpkins. His advent 
 into the settlement is said to have been made during the 
 deep snow, when he and his wife cams walking over the 
 crust, breaking through and falling down every few steps. 
 He finally reached the cabin of Benjamin Gristy, where they 
 were hospitably received. Eli Hartley came from Ken- 
 tucky late in 1830, bringing a wife and two children. He 
 settled upon section 27, just west of Orr. Hartley was a 
 very intelligent gentleman and was so considered by his
 
 74 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 neighbors. He was Justice of the Peace for some years. 
 He left the county and went to Menard county, Illinois, in 
 1850. 
 
 The Bell brothers added largely to the number of people 
 in this settlement. They were three in number, all of whom 
 brought wives and families with them ; were excellent citizens 
 and left a large number of children, many of whom are 
 now residents of the county, and all worthy the name of 
 their noble sires. They were natives of Kentucky, and 
 John and James seem to have left their native state together 
 at an early day, coming to Indiana ; and, in 1826, moving 
 from there to Morgan county where they made their home 
 until January 30, 1830, and with ox teams moved their 
 families to section 20, in what is now Missouri township and 
 then selected land in section 28 of the same township. John's 
 first home was a log cabin which he found already built. 
 His humble abode was without a door, and a log removed 
 from one side supplied light. He amassed a good estate. 
 His death occurred early in 1832. Ira Bell followed his 
 brothers to Brown from Morgan county in 1833. He had 
 been with them until they left Morgan county. Upon his 
 arrival in the neighborhood, which has just received our at- 
 tention, he purchased the improvement right of forty acres 
 and the pole cabin thereon from his brother James. Henry 
 Ausmus was another of the pioneers of 1830, in Missouri 
 township. He came from Tennessee early in 1830, a single 
 man ; but soon after his arrival he married Sarah Bigg and 
 settled on section 31 and afterwards on section 27. He 
 moved to Texas in 1875. George Simons, a native of Ten- 
 nessee, came into the settlement from Morgan county the 
 same spring and located on section 32, and improved the 
 farm now owned by J. M. Clark. He was a married man 
 but none of the family now live in the county, as they mi- 
 grated to Missouri more than twenty years ago. Soon after- 
 wards David Shelby, with a large family came and settled 
 on section 16. He left the county many years ago. A man 
 by the name of Sallie, located on section 17 in the same 
 year, but did not remain in the neighborhood long. Settle- 
 ments were also made on section 3 or 4, in this year, by Jesse 
 Hunter and John Stinnett, 'brothers-in-law, who subsequent- 
 ly moved over to Schuyler county and settled near Bush- 
 ville. John O. Ausmus, and his three sons, Henry, Philip 
 and John B., from Tennessee, made improvements on sec- 
 tion 31 in 1830, remaining only a few years, removing to 
 Adams county. 
 
 One of the hardy fathers, whose untiring energy was an 
 incentive to persons seeking a home in what is now Lee 
 township, to remain permanent residents, was Isaac Lee, 
 born in North Carolina, where he married Tamza Horn in 
 1814; aud in 1827, with his family, sought a new home in 
 Morgan county, Illinois. There he remained until the fall 
 of 1830, when he left his family, came into this county 
 and selected a piece of land in section 19, of the township 
 bearing his name- He built a hickory pole cabin about 16 
 x 18 feet He then returned to his house, and in the early 
 spring of 1831 loaded his old-fashioned wagon, canoe bed, 
 with his household goods, and family of wife and five chil- 
 dren ; and behind his four horse team, started upon the 
 
 journey to his new home. Arriving at his cabin, which was 
 more comfortable than many in those days, he at once pre- 
 pared some ground and planted it in corn. He raised a 
 small crop this year, and in the fall sowed a field of wheat 
 The death of this old pioneer in 1863 was distressing and 
 terrible. His wife having died, he was boarding with his 
 son, William Lee, though he persisted in sleeping in his own 
 home, alone, despite the protest of his son. One Sunday 
 night the house was burned, and the following morning his 
 charred remains were found in the smouldering ruins. The 
 supposition was that he had been robbed, murdered, and the 
 house burned to cover the crime. There is but one child of 
 this noble pioneer left, Esquire William Lee, who resides 
 upon the old homestead, entered by his father in 1830 ; and 
 is, in every way, worthy of his father's mantle. 
 
 William J. Davis came to Illinois from Virginia and 
 spent the winter of the deep snow in Versailles township, near 
 the Vandeventers, aud in the following spring came to Lee 
 township and settled in section 6, where he died in 1850. 
 Oliver Howes became a neighbor of Mr. Davis in 1831, and 
 settled on section 6. Mr. Howes was a brother-in-law of Mr. 
 Davis. He removed to Clayton in 1870, where his widow 
 and daughters now reside. 
 
 Another early settler to invade nature's solitude and 
 startle the wilds with the sounds of human life in Missouri 
 township was Bichard W. Bigg, a native Virginian, whose 
 youthful wanderings led him to Kentucky, where he found 
 a wife in the person of Elizabeth George, who died in 1818, 
 leaving three children Being alone, and his children of so 
 tender an age as to need the care of a mother, he again 
 married late in the fall of 1819. His second wife was 
 Martha Utteiback. Leaving Kentucky in the fall of 1830, 
 with a four-horse team and wagon, he came as far as Morgan 
 county, Illinois, where he remained until 1831, when he 
 moved into this county, and located on section seventeen. He 
 bought out a man by the name of White. The cabin ceiling 
 was so low that Jerry Walker, a very tall neighbor, being 
 six feet and seven inches in height, when visiting Mr. Bigg's 
 family had to double up, and when standing erect his head 
 was in the loft. It is related of Walker, that a stranger, 
 named Fields Jarvis, happened to meet Walker one day al 
 Mr. Bigg's. Jarvis was a very tall man, and he and AValker 
 becoming engaged in a discussion as to who was the taller 
 they were each measured, and Jarvis proved to be half an 
 inch the taller. Jerry Walker was so deeply mortified that 
 he sat down and wept bitterly because of lost laurels in being 
 the tallest man in that portion of the country. This noble 
 frontiersman passed into the unknown world in 1869, and 
 was followed by his aged wife in 1877, leaving several 
 children, the oldest of whom, William T. Bigg, resides 
 on section thirty-two, and to whom we are indebted for much 
 valuable information. For a more extended history of this 
 pioneer and family, reference may be had to the article > 
 entitled "Missouri Township," where an extended history 
 may be found. 
 
 Three brothers, William, Jacob, and Conrad Long came 
 to the county early in 1831, and settled near each other in 
 what is now Pea Bidge township. They were from Ten-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 75 
 
 nessee, and all had families. Several of their descendants 
 are residents of the county. Jacob, and his wife went to the 
 State of Missouri a few years ago where they died. William 
 and Conrad died in the county. They are highly spoken of 
 by their neighbors as being among the best citizens, and 
 their demise was regretted by many friends. James Ham- 
 ilton, father in-law of Eli Hartley, moved to Pea Ridge in 
 1831, and settled near his son-in-law. He was also from 
 Kentucky, and at his advent here had a large family. He 
 and his wife both died at the old homestead. 
 
 The year 1831 witnesses another arrival, consisting of four 
 families, Richard and Philip Briggs, natives of Kentucky, 
 and Michael Summy, and James Bullard. They located 
 just north of the town of Versailles, where the former named 
 resided until his death October 8, 1876. A few years later 
 Philip Briggs migrated to Missouri, but subsequently re- 
 turned, and lived the remainder of his days in Buckhorn. 
 Suminy went to Texas, but his father and others of his family 
 became residents of the county. Bullard remained and died 
 here several years ago. Joseph Graves, Williford, and 
 Darneil were also here at the same time. The Versailles 
 settlement was also increased this year by the arrival of 
 Jacob and Peter Vandeventer, brothers of Cornelius Van- 
 deventer. Peter died at the residence of the old Esquire a 
 few weeks after his arrival. Jacob removed to Pike county 
 in 1833, and died there, and his family immediately returned 
 and settled here permanently. He left a large posterity. 
 The earliest settlement made in the extreme southeast por- 
 tion of the county was by William L. Dehart, a Kentuckian 
 by birth. He emigrated to Illinois in 1832, and first settled 
 in Brown on the 6th day of March, 1833, at La Grange. 
 He was the first man to locate permanently in Buckhorn in 
 1837, and remained there until his death. He was an early 
 justice of the peace, which office he held for eight successive 
 years, and a prominent early citizen. John B. Houston, a 
 brother-in-law of Dehart, and two brothers, Esquire and 
 Uriah, located in the state in 1831, and came with him to 
 this county, settling at La Grange in 1833. They all be- 
 came early settlers in Buckhoru. John B. subsequently 
 moved to Missouri, and died there. His brother remained 
 in the county. Alexander Cox migrated from Kentucky 
 to Illinois in the spring of 1832, and located in section 
 twenty, Mt. Sterling township. He remained here until 
 1835, when he moved to some other part of the state, and 
 afterwards to the State of Missouri Not liking the country, 
 he returned to Illinois, and located in Pike county, where 
 he died. John Taylor, a Virginian by birth, migrated from 
 Kentucky with his family to this county in the same year 
 as Mr. Cox, and settled in section thirty-one He was a 
 prominent farmer in his day, and died at the old home in 
 ■ 1846. 
 
 Prominent among other old settlers who located in what 
 is now Mt. Sterling township were, AVilliam Patterson, 
 George R. Givens, William McCormick, Rev. N. W. Dun- 
 lap, James Harper, Henry Hersman, Samuel Jennings, 
 David Jennings and others. In Versailles we find the 
 names of Henry Casteeu, Ashford D. Ravenscroft John 
 Bell, George Hilliard, Benjamin and Joseofa Robinson, 
 
 Micajah Johnson, the Townsends, Pratt, Scott, John Whit- 
 tier, K. H. Ross, etc. In Cooperstown William Thomas, 
 David M. Campbell, John Orr, Captain Alfred Spencer, 
 Abel Logan, Monroe Page, John Logsdon, William Wilson, 
 Samuel Brisco, John W. Davis, White Stiles and Thomas 
 Barton. In Ripley, Wm. Clark Hardin, John Rush, Jno. 
 N. Ebey, George Clark, and Mrs. Nancy Burke and family. 
 Missouri, Thomas I. Beard, George Roberts, Alexander and 
 Wm. O. F. Campbell, and B. F. Hill. The latter, however, 
 located in Versailles. In Elkhorn, Shadrack Newenham, 
 Henry Cox, William McDonald, and others of a later date. 
 Those of Lee township from 1832, and later even, David 
 Bush, AVilliam Thomas, Elijah Owens, Joseph and Alex- 
 ander Strahan, Peter Ausmus, John Beckman, William 
 Campbell, Thomas Davis, and Dr. D. R. Lucas. In Pea 
 Ridge, Joseph Marrett, the Johnsons, the Pevehoues, Arch- 
 ibald McCaskill, Rhoderic Crisp and others. In Buckhorn 
 township, Elmer Morrell, Arthur Martin and Elijah Reeves. 
 
 Early Survey i^ff ■ — All that partof the county lying south of 
 the base line in Brown county was surveyed and sectionized 
 in 1815, by John McKee. The stream which flows through 
 the southern part of the county, that bears the name of Mc- 
 Kee's creek, was named after him. That part lying north of 
 the base line was surveyed by Enoch and Milton Moore, in 
 1816 The earliest surveying done by the county surveyor, was 
 June 1, 1831, by William P. Manlove, for Alexander Curry. 
 It was on the land upon which Mt. Sterling now stands. 
 The chairmen were Henry Casteen and William Singleton. 
 
 Pioneer Roads — The first road was surveyed and laid 
 out in December, 1829, from Willis O Neil's in section 33 of 
 Ripley township to Cornelius Vandeventer's, in section 14 of 
 Versailles township. The next road was surveyed Novem- 
 ber 9, 1831, and ran as follows : Beginning on the south 
 boundary of 2 S. 2 W., three chains east of the S. W. corner 
 of section 23, and thence following the bluffs in a north- 
 easterly course passing through the present town of La 
 Grange, then known as the narrows, thence to Crooked 
 creek, crossing it near the east line of the N. E. i of section 
 13, 1 S. 2 W. A post was set at each mile and witnessed 
 by the marking of a tree. The total length of the road was 
 131 miles. Another known as the old " Atlas road " was 
 surveyed May 28, 1832. It began two chains east of the S. 
 W. corner of section 32, 2 S. 2 W. ; thence in a northwest- 
 erly direction crossing McKee's creek, about 101 rods north 
 and 24 rods west of the section corner, and terminated at 
 the state road at the corner of sections 32 and 33, 1 N. 2 
 W., on the base line. The total distance of the road was 
 12|. 
 
 Snake Stories. — In the summer of 1831, a certain old set- 
 tler was wending his way homeward from a day's toil when 
 in the edge of the timber near his residence he spied a fine 
 gobbler on roost on the branch of a tall tree. It was late in 
 the evening and he concluded to leave him for an early 
 morning job. It was just before sunrise the next morning 
 that he took his stand with gun in hand in the vicinity of the 
 turkey, seating himself upon what he supposed to be a tuft 
 of grass, which from spme indescribable cause seemed to 
 slip from under him, as fast as he could seat himself. Finally
 
 76 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 becoming tired of this operation, he let his hand glide down 
 to examine the cause, and no sooner had it touched the ob- 
 ject than he sprang in the air, with every hair standing on 
 end; his gun tumbling somersaults down the hill. It needed 
 no introduction to form the acquaintance of the situation ; 
 his hand had come in contact with the coiled mass of a very 
 large rattlesnake. In early times Brown county seemed 
 to be a prolific field, or a general " summer resort," as it 
 might be termed for snakes of all kinds, great and small, 
 both young and old. Many startling snake stories are told 
 by the old settlers, only two or three of which we can give 
 space to. When William L. Dehart settled in Buckhorn, 
 so his son informs us, there were an endless number of 
 snakes. His cabin was built late in the fall, after it had 
 turned cold, and in the spring when it began to grow warm 
 and the thaw began it was found that the cabin was erected 
 over a den of these reptiles, and over forty snakes were 
 killed in the vicinity. Another story is told by the vener- 
 able Rev. Granville Bond, deceased, in a letter published in 
 the Hambaugh papers. 
 
 "In the summer of 1830, some hunters in the course of 
 their ramblings came across some snake dens, to the north 
 of Mt. Sterling, some four or five miles. The neighbor- 
 hood was aroused to the sense of the fact, and a day set for 
 a snaking, and all went save myself, which was owing to my 
 residence at the extreme west end of the settlement, and in 
 fact did not know of the adventure until it was over. It 
 seems to be the nature of these reptiles to seek a rocky sec- 
 tion for their winter headquarters, and in the spring time to 
 come out in the sunny part of the day, and knot up in great 
 piles on the ledges. Thus they bask in the warm sunshine 
 through the day and at night retreat to their dens. This is 
 followed up for some time before they take their departure. 
 It was during this time our neighbors came upon them, and 
 made dread havoc among their number with poles. When 
 no more could be found outside, poles with hooks were in- 
 serted between the rocks, and thus they were hauled out by the 
 score. Frequently they would move a large rock and find 
 great quantities between and behind the cavities, and the 
 day's result was over eight hundred rattle and copper-head 
 snakes killed, besides black and other common species 
 not numbered. Other dens were afterwards found and de- 
 stroyed, which greatly relieved the country of these pests." 
 
 Esquire Riley, a prominent old settler of Missouri town- 
 ship, emigrated to Texas in an early day, and it is said he 
 frequently related such wonderful snake stories to theTexans 
 who were inclined to disbelieve him. The venerable esquire 
 was a staunch Methodist, and among the pioneers of this 
 county his honor and veracity was never doubted, yet in 
 Texas the rehearsal of such stories resulted in his expulsion 
 from the church. But Levin Green capped the climax, when 
 he said " that the snakes were so thick they clogged his 
 plow." Levin sometimes indulged in hyperbole! 
 
 HABITS AND MODES OF LIVING OF THE FIRST 
 SETTLERS. 
 
 The pioneers were destitute of many of the conveniences 
 of life and of some things that are now considered neces- 
 
 saries, but they patiently endured their lot, and hopefully 
 looked forward to better. They had plenty to wear as protec- 
 tion against the weather, and an abundance of wholesome 
 food. They sat down to a rude table to eat from tin or 
 pewter dishes, but the meat thereon spread — the flesh of the 
 deer or bear, of the wild duck or turkey, of the quail or 
 squirrel — was superior to that we eat, and had been won by 
 the skill of the head of the house or of that of his vigorous 
 sons. The bread they ate was made from corn or wheat of 
 their own raising. They walked the green carpet of the 
 grand prairie or forest that surrounded them, not with the 
 air of a beggar, but with the elastic step of a self- respected 
 freeman. 
 
 The settler brought with him a keen axe, which was in- 
 dispensable, and the equally necessary rifle ; the first his 
 weapon of defense against the forests that skirted the 
 water-courses, and near which he made his home, the second 
 that of defense from the attacks of his foe, the cunning child 
 of the forest and prairie. His first labor was to fell trees, 
 and erect his unpretentious cabin, which was rudely made 
 of logs, and in the raising of which he had the cheerful aid 
 of his neighbors It was usually from fourteen to sixteen 
 feet square, and never larger than twenty feet, and was fre- 
 quently built entirely without glass, nails, hinges or locks. 
 A description of these cabins are given above, and only ap- 
 plies to the very earliest times, before the rattle of the saw- 
 mill was heard within our borders. 
 
 The furniture comported admirably with the house itself, 
 and hence, if not elegant, was in most perfect taste. The 
 tables had four legs, and were rudely made from a puncheon. 
 Their seats were stools, having three or four legs. The bed- 
 stead was in keeping with the rest, and was often so contrived 
 as to permit it to be drawn up and fastened to the wall dur- 
 ing the day, thus affording more room to the family. The 
 entire furniture was simple, and was framed with no other 
 tools than an axe and auger. Knives and forks they some- 
 times had, and sometimes had not. The common table knife 
 was the pack-knife or butcher-knife. Horse-collars were 
 sometimes made of the plaited husk of the maize sewed to- 
 gether. They were easy on the neck of the horse, and if tug 
 traces were used, « ould last a long while. 
 
 The women corresponded with' the description of the vir- 
 tuous woman in the last chapter of Proverbs, for they " sought 
 wool and flax, and worked willingly with their hands." They 
 did not, it is true, make for themselves ' coverings of tapes- 
 try," nor could it be said of them that their " clothing was sil< 
 and purple," but they " rose while it was yet night, and gave 
 meat to their household,'' and they " girded their loins with 
 strength and strengthened their arms." They " looked well 
 to the ways of their household, and ate not the bread of idle- 
 ness." They laid " their hands to the spindle and to the 
 distaff," and " strength and honor were in their clothing." 
 
 In these days of furbelows and flounces, when from twenty 
 to thirty yards are required by one fair damsel for a dress, 
 it is refreshing to know that the ladies of that ancient time 
 considered eight yards an extravagant amount to put into one 
 dress. The dress was usually made plain, with four widths 
 in the skirt, and two front ones cut gored.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 77 
 
 Many bows and ribbons were worn, but scarcely any 
 jewelry. The tow dress was superseded by the cotton gown. 
 Around the neck, instead of a lace collar or elegant ribbon, 
 there was disposed a copperas-colored neckerchief. 
 
 The women manufactured nearly all the clothing worn by 
 the family. In cold weather gowns made of " linsey-wool- 
 sey " were worn by the ladies. The fabric was usually plaid 
 or striped, and the differing colors were blended according 
 to the taste and fancy of the fair maker. Colors were blue, 
 copperas, turkey red, light blue, etc. Every house contain- 
 ed a card-loom and spinning-wheels, which were considered 
 by the women as necessary for them as the rifle for the men. 
 Several different kinds of cloth were made. Cloth was woven 
 from cotton. The rolls were spun, on little and big wheels, into 
 two kinds of thread ; one the " chain," and the other the 
 " filling." The more experienced only spun the chain ; the 
 younger the filling. Two kinds of looms were in use. The 
 most primitive in construction wa3 called the "side-loom. "• 
 The frame of it consisted of two pieces of scantling running 
 obliquely from the floor to the wall. Later, the frame-loom, 
 which was a great improvement over the other, came into 
 use. 
 
 The men and boys wore "jeans " and linsey-woolsey hunt- 
 ing shirts. The " jeans " were colored either light-blue or 
 butternut. 
 
 Many times when the men gathered to a log-rolling or 
 barn-raising, the women would assemble bringing their spin- 
 ning-wheels with them. In this way sometimes as many as 
 ten or twelve would gather in one room, and the pleasant 
 voices of the fair spinners were mingled with the low hum of 
 the spinning-wheels. " Oh ! golden early days ! " 
 
 Such articles of apparel as could not be manufactured 
 were brought to them from the nearest store by the mail- 
 carrier. These were few, however. Toe men and boys, in 
 many instances, wore pantaloons made of the dressed skin of 
 the deer, which then swarmed the prairies in large herds 
 The young man who desired to look captivating to the eye 
 of the maiden 'whom he loved, had his "bucks" fringed, 
 which lent them a not unpleasing effect. Meal-sacks were 
 also made of buckskin. Caps were made of the skins of 
 wolf, fox, wild-cat and musk-rat tanned with the fur on. The 
 tail of the fox or wolf often hung from the top of the cap,, 
 lending the wearer a jaunty air. Both sexes wore moccasins, 
 which in dry weather were an excellent substitute for shoes. 
 There were no shoemakers, and each family made its own 
 shoes. 
 
 The settler^ were separated from their neighbors often by 
 miles, an invitation to a house-raising, or a log-rolling, or a 
 corn husking, or a bee of any kind was always accepted with 
 cheerfulness. To attend these gatherings, they would go ten 
 or more miles. 
 
 Generally with the invitation to the men went one to the 
 women, to come to the quilting. The good woman of the house 
 where the festivities were to take place would be busily en- 
 gaged for a day or more in preparation for the coming 
 guests. Great quantities of provisions were to be prepared, 
 for dyspepsia was unknown to the pioneer, aud good appe- 
 tites were the rule and not the exception. 
 
 The bread used at these frolics was baked generally on 
 Jonny or Journey cake boards, and is the best corn-bread 
 ever made. 
 
 At all the log-rollings and house raisings it was customary 
 to provide liquor. Excess was not indulged in however. 
 The fiddler was never forgotten. After the day's work had 
 been accomplished, out doors and in, by men and women, 
 the floor was cleared and the merry dance began. The 
 handsome, stalwart young men, whose fine forms were the 
 result of their manly out door life, clad in fringed buckskin 
 breeches and gaudily colored hunting-shirts, led forth the 
 bright-eyed, buxom damsels, attired in neatly-fitting linsey- 
 woolsey garments, to the dance, their cheeks glowing with 
 health and eyes speaking of enjoyment, and perhaps of a ten- 
 derer emotion. 
 
 In the pioneer times the crops of corn were never husked 
 on the stalk, as is done at this day ; but were hauled home 
 in the husk and thrown in a heap, generally by the side of the 
 crib, so that the ears, when husked, could be thrown direct 
 into the crib. A " corn husking," to which the whole neigh- 
 borhood, male and female, were invited, was then in order. 
 The girls, and many of the married ladies, generally engaged 
 in this amusing work. These shuckings nearly always ended 
 in a dance, which generally lasted until day-light. 
 
 In the morning all would go home on horse-back or on 
 foot. 
 
 Dancing was the favorite amusement, and was partici- 
 pated in by all. 
 
 " Alike all ages ; dames of ancient days; 
 Have led their children through the mirthful maze. 
 And the gray grandsire, skilled in gestic lore, 
 Has frisked beneath the burden of three-score.' ' 
 
 The amusements of that day were more athletic and rude 
 than those of to-day. Among the settlers in a new country, 
 from the nature of the case, a higher value is set upon phy- 
 sical than mental endowments. Skill in woodcraft, superi- 
 ority of muscular development, accuracy in shooting with 
 the rifle, activity, swiftness of foot, were qualifications that 
 brought their possessors fame. Foot-racing was often prac- 
 tised, and often the boys and young men engaged in a friendly 
 contests with the Indians. 
 
 At all gatherings jumping and wrestling were indulged in, 
 and those who excelled were thenceforth men of notoriety. 
 Cards, dice and other gambling implements were little 
 known. 
 
 At their shooting matches, which were usually for the 
 prize of a turkey, or a gallon of whisky, good feeling gen- 
 erally prevailed. If disputes arose, they were settled often by 
 a square stand-up fight, and no one thought of using other 
 weapons than fists. 
 
 The picture here drawn of the pioneers, their modes of 
 living, their customs and amusements, while lacking entire- 
 completeness, we feel is not inaccurate and untruthful. 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 In 1855 the modern history of these counties may be said 
 to have begun ; for in this year was completed the first rail-
 
 78 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 road within their territory. The road was built through Brown 
 county, and was then called the Great Western. It now be- 
 longs to the great Wabash system. Since then there have 
 been two railroads constructed in Schuyler county, while 
 Brown has but the one. From that time onward the pro- 
 gress of the counties have been very rapid. Immigration 
 came in like a flood. Good markets stimulated the agricul- 
 turist to greater exertions, and population and wealth in- 
 creased in prodigious ratio. 
 
 A comparison of the early methods of agriculture with 
 those of the present day will fittingly set forth the struggles 
 of the early pioneers with the virgin soil of this beautiful 
 and fertile laud in obtaining food and support for themselves 
 and families. The means and facilities for tilling the soil a 
 half-century ago would be considered a burlesque on the 
 farming of to-day. Then they scratched over the surface of 
 mother earth as best they could, with the old wooden mould- 
 board plow, and gathered the harvest of their toil with the 
 reap-hook. The threshing was as slow and laborious as the 
 reaping, the process being by tramping out the grain by the 
 use of the cattle, or beating it from the straw with a flail. 
 Presto change ; fifty years have glided by and we cast our 
 eye out upon the broad landscape and what a transition ! 
 The old mould-board has given place to the elegant sulky 
 plow ; the reap-hook is transformed into the wonderful 
 mechanism known as the self-binder, and the tramping of 
 the cattle and the monotonous and wearisome thud, thud of 
 the flail, have yielded to the steam engine and the hum of 
 the gigantic thresher. The change in the variety of the 
 crops raised is nearly, if not quite as great, as the use of 
 utensils. The first settlers were not so much engrossed in 
 money-making and money-getting as the people of to-day, 
 but were laboring more for a mere sustenance. They raised 
 patches of flax and some cotton, from which products they 
 manufactured their own apparel. Corn was then, as now, 
 the staple, but produced in very limited quantities, as facili- 
 ties for transportation to market were so meagre and accom- 
 panied with tiresome journeys that it was not a profitable 
 crop, only as it was used for home consumption. Wheat, 
 now the wealth of the western prairies, was little cultivated 
 in those early days. Improvements, however, have not only 
 been made in the methods of cultivating the soil ; but also 
 in intercourse with other parts'of the world, Railroads now 
 form a net-work upon the surface of the Nation and have 
 supplanted the slow stage coach ; and where travel was form- 
 erly guided by "points," broad highways now lead the travel 
 past fertile farms, with their comfortable homes and spacious 
 barns, fields teeming with golden grain, or dotted with herds 
 of cattle, horses and sheep ; and into pleasant villages, where 
 industry, comfort and wealth abound. The broad prairies 
 and dense forests have yielded to man, and from a state of 
 nature have now become the homes of millions of intelli- 
 gent human beings. And to whom are we indebted for this 
 wondrous transformation ? We answer, to the pioneer, who 
 left the comfort of a home, the associations of relatives, and 
 who with family penetrated the forests and with sturdy 
 blows and days of lonely toil changed the face of nature 
 from one vast wilderuerness to improved farms, whose oc- 
 
 cupants are the masters of the nation ; and supply the food 
 for the whole world. 
 
 But a day of still greater brightness dawns for these coun- 
 ties ; their soil is fertile, their climate healthful ; their tim- 
 ber is plentiful and of good quality, and their store of fuel 
 almost inexhaustible; their markets are near and easily ac- 
 cessible ; their citizens moral and industrious, and the 
 voice of the schoolmaster is heard in the land. All 
 elements of greatness are at hand. These counties have pro- 
 duced great men, whose voices heard amid the din of con- 
 flict, have given courage and hope in the contest, or when 
 heard in legislative councils have commanded attention. 
 They shall yet produce the poet and scholar whose " words 
 shall fire men's hearts till the world's mad race be run. " 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 CIVIL HISTORY. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 HE county of Schuyler was organized in 
 January, 1825. Its territory bad been 
 previously included in the counties of 
 Pike and Fulton. As or'ginally formed 
 the county also embraced what is now 
 Brown county. The latti r county was 
 created in February, 1839. 
 
 The name of Schuyler was bestowed 
 on the county in honor of Gen. Philip Schuyler, a gallant 
 soldier of the war of the Revolution. He was born at 
 Albany, New York, in the year 1733. He was a delegate 
 to the Continental Congress in 1775. At the outbreak of 
 the war for Independence he was commissioned a major- 
 general, and placed in command of the army in New York. 
 Becoming ill, his command subsequently devolved on Gen. 
 Montgomery. Schuyler conducted the operations in New 
 York against the British General Burgoyne, but was super- 
 seded by Gates. His conduct was afterward investigated by 
 a court of inquiry, and fully approved. He, however, re- 
 fused to resume command, though he continued to render 
 important military services. He was justly honored by the 
 State of New York which he represented in the United 
 States Senate from 1789 to 1791. His death occurred in 
 1801. 
 The act organizing Schuyler county reads as follows : 
 An Act forming new counties out of the counties of Pike 
 and Fulton, and the attached parts thereof. 
 
 Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the people of the State of Illinois 
 represented in the General Assembly, That all that tract of 
 country within the following boundaries, to wit: Beginning 
 at the place where the township line between townships two 
 and three, south, touches the Illinois river ; thence west on
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 79 
 
 said line, to the range line between ranges four and five west ; 
 thence north on said range line to the northwest corner of 
 township three north, range four west ; «thence east on said 
 township line to the meridian ; thence down the said meridian 
 line to the southeast corner of township three north, range 
 one west ; thence east on said township line to the Illinois 
 river ; and thence down the said river to the place of begin- 
 ning, shall constitute a county, to be called the county of 
 Schuyler. 
 
 Sec. 9. Be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of 
 the presiding judge of the circuit in which the copnties of 
 Adams and Schuyler are situated, to grant an order for 
 the election of county officers, naming the day for said elec- 
 tion, the judges, and the description of officers to be elected, 
 which day shall be on or before the first Monday in July 
 next, and after the election of said county, officers, the coun- 
 ties of Adams and Schuyler shall be entitled to the same 
 rights and privileges as other counties are. 
 
 Sec 10. Be it further enacted, That for the county of 
 Schuyler, John Adams, Stephen Olmstead, and James Dun- 
 woody, of Morgan county, * * * * be and they are 
 hereby appointed commissioners to select the permanent seat 
 of justice for said county, who shall meet in the county of 
 Schuyler, at the house of Calvin Hobart, on the first Monday 
 of April next, or within seven days thereafter, and after 
 taking and subscribing an oath before a justice of the peace, 
 to locate the said seat of justice for the future convenience 
 and accommodation of the people, shall proceed to fix and 
 determine upon the same, and the place so selected * * * 
 shall be the permanent seat of justice of the same, and the 
 commissioners shall forthwith make out a copy of their pro- 
 ceedings and file them in the office of the recorder of Pike 
 county, and the said commissioners shall receive for their 
 compensation the sum of two dollars a day for each day by 
 them spent in the discharge of their duties, and for going 
 and returning from the same, to be paid out of the first 
 money in the County Treasury after the same shall be organ- 
 ized. 
 
 Sec. 11. Be it further enacted, ******** 
 That all that tract of country north of the counties of Schuy- 
 ler and Hancock, and west of the fourth principal meridian, 
 shall be attached to the county of Schuyler, for all county 
 purposes until otherwise provided for by law. Provided 
 however, That when it shall appear to the satisfaction of the 
 judge of the circuit court that any of the above named coun- 
 ties shall contain three hundred and fifty inhabitants, he is 
 hereby required to grant an order for the election of county 
 officers as described in the ninth section of this act. 
 
 Sec. 12. Be it further enacted, That the several counties 
 created by this act shall belong to the first judicial circuit, 
 and vote for Senator and Representative as heretofore. And 
 whenever any of the above-named counties shall be organ- 
 ised, the Governor shall appoint all the necessary officers, as 
 in cases of vacancy, by resignation or otherwise. 
 Approved January 13, 1825. 
 
 the seat of justice. 
 The act organizing the county appointed John Adams, 
 
 Stephen Olmstead, and James Dunwoody, of Morgan coun- 
 ty, commissioners to locate the seat of justice. These com- 
 missioners selected a location about a mile west of the 
 present village of Pleasant View. Here the first election in 
 the county was held on the fourth day of July, 1825. James 
 Vance, Cornelius Vandeventerand Abraham Carlock, were 
 judges, and Hart Fellows and Jonathan D. Manlove, clerks. 
 At the first meeting of the board of county commissioners 
 the name of Beardsto wn was given to the place. John Adams, 
 for his services in locating the seat of justice, and transmit- 
 ting the returns thereof to the recorder of Pike county, was 
 allowed twenty-eight dollars. Stephen Olmstead was paid 
 twenty-two dollars. 
 
 The location of the county seat not being satisfactory the 
 passage of an act of the General Assembly was procured by 
 which Levin Green, Thomas Blair, and Benjamin Chadsey, 
 citizens of the county, were commissioned to select a new 
 seat of justice, on the twentie thof February, 1826 ; they se- 
 lected the present site of Rushville, the southwest quarter of 
 section 30, township two north, range one west. The follow- 
 ing is their report ; 
 To the Honorable County Commissioners of Schuyler County: 
 
 We, the undersigned commissioners, appointed by an 
 Act of the General Assembly to locate a permanent seat of 
 justice for Schuyler county, do certify that after having 
 been duly sworn before James Vance, Esq., we proceeded to 
 view the county for the purposes aforesaid, and have located 
 the same on the southwest quarter of section thirty, township 
 two north, range one west. Given under our hands this 20th 
 day of February, 1826. Signed, 
 
 Levin Green, 
 Thomas Blair, 
 B. Chadsey. 
 
 The County Commissioners at once directed that this 
 permanent seat of justice should be known and distinguished 
 by the name of Rushton. Thomas McKee was authorized 
 to employ a skillful surveyor to lay off the town. It was 
 directed that one tier of ten acre lots on the east side of the 
 quarter section should be divided into two five acre lots each, 
 and ninety-six lots agreeable to a plan in the hands of the 
 said McKee, drawn by Samuel Horney, and approved by the 
 court. 
 
 The name of Rushton had been chosen in honor of Dr. 
 James Rush, a distinguished physician of Philadelphia. 
 This name, probably on euphonious grounds, was changed on 
 the twenty-fourth of April, 1826, to that of Rushville. 
 
 A public sale of lots was ordered to take place on the 
 fourth day of July, 1826, and the clerk of the court was 
 directed to have an advertisement of the sale published for 
 six successive weeks in the columns of the Edwardsville 
 Spectator, at that time the leading journal in the State. 
 
 David E. Blair was sent to Springfield, where the land 
 office then was, and secured a patent, on behalf of the county, 
 to the southwest quarter of section thirty. For this service 
 the records show that he was paid two dollars and fifty cents. 
 After procuring a patent the county commissioners sold the 
 east half of the quarter to Jacob White for the sura of one 
 hundred and fifty dollars.
 
 80 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 In June, 1826, appears an order of the county commis- 
 sioners, requiring the county surveyor " to survey the pub- 
 lic square, the lots on the southwest square of the intersec- 
 tion of D and Fourth streets, and four ten acre lota on the 
 west side of the quarter section on which the town of Rush- 
 ville is located, and no more, any order of court heretofore ' 
 issued notwithstanding." 
 
 A subsequent sale of lots in Rushville was ordered for the 
 thirteenth of October, 1826, another for the first day of the 
 May term of the Circuit Court, 1827. The county clerk was 
 authorized to execute bonds to a number of persons who i 
 purchased lots on the seventh of June, 1828, upon the pur 
 chasers executing their notes to the county with approved 
 security. September, 1828, the fractions belonging to the : 
 town tract on the north, east, and south, were directed to be , 
 surveyed and a plat thereof returned to the county com- 
 missioners' court. At the same date the clerk was directed 
 to give public notice that another sale of lots would be held 
 at the court-house on the twenty-eighth of October, 1828., 
 Notice was also given that all persons indebted for lots, 
 whose notes were then due, should make payment to the 
 county clerk, on or before the twenty-third day of next Oc 
 tober, or the notes would be " left for collection." 
 
 The commissioners seem to have been anxious to get the 
 town lots off their hands. Another sale was ordered for the 
 third Saturday in February, 1829. The county surveyor 
 was authorized to survey the fraction on the east side of the 
 town into lots, provided they would perform the work for 
 twenty-five cents a lot. Announcement was made that the 
 county would be ready to execute deeds to purchasers of 
 town lots on the twenty-fifth of December, 1828, at the 
 court-house in Rushville. Another sale of lots was ordered 
 for the second Monday of June, 1829, and the clerk of the 
 court was directed to give notice that unless parties already 
 indebted for the purchase of lots paid up, their notes would , 
 be " put in suit." On the second of Juue, 1829, Hart Fel- 
 lows was appointed a commissioner with full power (under 
 the directions of the county commissioners' court) to sell 
 and convey all public lots in the town of Rushville, except 
 such as shall be reserved from sale by the court. Lot one, 
 in block one, had already been set apart in December, 1826, 
 as a site for the school-house 
 
 For surveying eighty-two lots in Rushville, Jonathan D 
 Manlove, the couDty surveyor, was allowed in December, 
 1826, twenty-dollars and fifty cents, twenty-five cents for 
 each lot. Gamaliel Hill, Henry Green, Levin Green, Ja- 
 cob Fowler, and Isaac Fowler, were at the same time allowed 
 sums varying from forty-three cents to a dollar for carrying 
 chain and driving stakes while assisting in the survey. The 
 lots seem to have been a constant source of expense. The 
 allowances by the county commissioners for assisting in the 
 survey and sale of lots, are numerous. In June, 1829, the 
 county surveyor was employed to make a new survey by 
 which the streets were reduced to a width of eighty feet. 
 The ten-feet taken off each side of the streets was attached 
 to the adjoining lots. All the fractions were surveyed into 
 blocks, except the portion on the east side which was sur- 
 veyed into lots. There is an allowance of nineteen dollars 
 
 and fifty cents to William P. Manlove for surveying one 
 hundred and four lots, and the usual stipends to assistants 
 for carrying the chain and driving stakes. 
 
 The County Commissioners directed on the 23d of Decem- 
 ber, 1829, that the county surveyor should be employed to 
 ascertain the exact center of the public square, and to stake 
 the ground for the foundation of the proposed new court- 
 hou-e, forty-two feet square. The surveyor, William P. 
 Manlove, was paid seventy-five cents for this work, on the 
 same date that John Ritchey was authorized to purchase 
 from Abraham Louderback one or two acres of land, in some 
 suitable and convenient place near Rushville, for a burying 
 ground. Two acres of land were accordingly purchased. 
 This old burying ground has expanded into the present 
 beautiful cemetery in the suburbs of Rushville. 
 
 The inhabitants of Rushville on the 10th of May, 1831, 
 voted to incorporate the town ; twenty votes being cast, all 
 in the affirmative. John Mitchell, I. J. C. Smith, William 
 McCreery, John Scripps, and BeDJamin V. Feel were elected 
 town trustees. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 The location of the seat of justice having been definitely 
 fixed upon, the next step was the erection of a suitable build- 
 ing for the accommodation of the public officers. The county 
 commissioners had held their first sessions at the house of 
 Jacob White, and the first circuit court convened in the 
 cabin of Samuel Turner at Beardstown, the original county 
 seat, near Pleasant View. 
 
 On the 24th of April, 1826, the county commissioners di- 
 rected the clerk of the court to give public notice that the 
 building of a court-house would be let out to the lowest bid- 
 der on the following 4th day of July. The plan specified 
 that the building should be twenty-two feet long, eighteen fett 
 wide, one story and a half in height, with two good floors, 
 and a good and sufficient chimney. This building was con- 
 structed in the fall of the year 1826, aud stood on the north 
 side of the public square. It was built of logs, and its ap- 
 pearance was very humble in comparison with the handsome 
 edifice which the county has lately erected for its' use. On 
 the east side of the square the clerk's office was built in 1829 
 by James Power. The lathing and plastering were done by 
 Alexander Hollingsworth. It is described in the order di- 
 recting the contract to be let as fourteen by sixteen feet in 
 dimensions, and ten feet high. Its front was adorned by a 
 porch six feet in*width. An "L" extended back eight feet 
 square. There were to be two doors, and four windows with 
 twelve lights each, and a good brick chimney. 
 
 By order of the county commissioners, September 3, 1827, 
 lot number one in block thirteen, was reserved for a jail and 
 stray pen, and a jail was directed to be built fifteen feet 
 square, and a stray pen forty feet square. David Manlove 
 agreed to build the stray pen for nine dollars and fifty cents, 
 and to complete it by the 15th of April, 1828. Not carry- 
 ing out his agreement, Elisha Kellogg was given the con- 
 tract, and the time for its completion was extended to the 
 10th of May. In making the contract for the door of the 
 jail, the commissioners gave very particular specifications. 
 They directed the two thicknesses of seasoned oak plank one
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 81 
 
 inch and a quarter thick, should be laid across each other, 
 and spiked together with broad-headed spikes, driven within 
 three inches of each other ; said spikes to be driven through 
 and clinched. This door was hung on two iron hinges, the 
 strap part of which to be half an inch thick and two 
 inches wide, and to extend across the door. The outer door 
 was to be made of like materials and in similar manner. 
 The inner door was a trap door, or hatchway, in the upper 
 floor, through which the prisoners were passed. Joel Tullis 
 was the maker of these doors, and received in compensation 
 forty-three dollars. For building the jail, Isaac Linder was 
 paid one hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 The small dimensions of the old court-house on the north 
 side of the square made it unfit for the public use, and the 
 county authorities determined on the erection of a new and 
 more commodious building. On the # 4th day of July, 1829, 
 contracts, were made for building a new court-house. William 
 McCreery agreed to construct the foundation for the sum of 
 three hundred and twenty five dollars, and to complete it on 
 or before the 15th day of the succeeding December. The 
 contract for the brick-work and for enclosing the building 
 was made with Benjamin Chadsey. Hart Fellows were ap- 
 pointed to superintend the building, and was required to 
 report from time to time to the county commissioners as he 
 might be required or deem expedient. On the 16th of Sep- 
 tember, 1830, the county commissioners accepted the found- 
 ation as constructed by William McCreery, and paid him 
 one hundred dollars for extra work. On the 7th of Septem- 
 ber, 1831, Hart Fellows was appointed agent to contract 
 for the furnishing of a floor, and for doing such other work 
 as might be required to render the building^ ready for occu- 
 pancy by the October term of the circuit court. On the 1st 
 day of October, 1831, the county commissioners received the 
 court-house as built by Benjamin Chadsey, and pronounced 
 " the same as being completed agreeable to contract." Mr. 
 Chadsey received two thousand and fifty dollars. The build- 
 ing was constructed in a substantial and economical manner, 
 at the cost of nogreat expenditure and the county had a court- 
 house which gave good service for a half a century. Its ap- 
 pearance now is not attractive nor imposing, but in that day 
 of small things the structure was considered an ornament to 
 the town and an honor to the county. It has outlived the period 
 of its usefulness, and is now succeeded by a more elegant and 
 costly edifice. William McCreery, who constructed the founda- 
 tion, was the first victim with the cholera in 1834 Mr. Chad- 
 sey, who built the superstructure is still living in the county. 
 
 On the twenty-third of December, 1829, the county com- 
 missioners appropriated the sum of forty dollars and fifty 
 cents for the purchase of furniture for the clerk's office. 
 The articles included half a dozen common chairs, one com- 
 mon table, one press for books and papers, and four window 
 shutters. An allowance of one dollar and eighty-seven 
 cents was also made to Major Fellows, the clerk, on account 
 of one pair of fire dogs, furnished for the clerk's office. John 
 Ritchey made an agreement with the court on the same day 
 to enclose the lot on which the clerk's office stood, with posts 
 and rails and paling, for the sum of nineteen dollars eighty- 
 seven and a half cents. 
 *11 
 
 The county commissioners, on the eleventh of March, 
 1837, directed that a notice be published in the Rushville 
 "Journal," that sealed proposals would be received by the 
 county for building a new jail, twenty-four by twenty-six 
 feet in dimensions, and two stories in height. The old jail 
 must have been very weak, for there are numerous allow- 
 ances made for guarding it, one for thirty-seven days and 
 nights. Alexander Penney was the successful contractor. 
 The outside was described in the specifications as eighteen 
 inches in thickness, with an inside wall of timber, ten inches 
 thick. The hall was to be eight feet in width by sixteen in 
 length ; the jailer's room eighteen by fifteen feet ; the kitchen 
 eighteen by eleven ; and each story ten feet in height. Its 
 cost was four thousand five hundred dollars. It was com- 
 pleted in 1838. January twenty-second, 1839, Penney 
 agreed to furnish locks for the doors, four padlocks for the 
 cell door, and one for the debtor's room ; to lay two floors, to 
 clean out the well, and do other additional work, for one 
 hundred and fifty dollars. There was some misunderstand- 
 ing about this, though there had been none about the 
 larger contract for the erection of the building. Penney re- 
 fused to give up the keys till paid, and the services of two 
 disinterested carpenters were called in to appraise the addi- 
 tional work done, and make an adjustment of the difficulty. 
 
 All through the records are items of appropriations for 
 repairs to jail and court-house, for the construction offences, 
 the laying of walks, and a number of other things considered 
 necessary for the convenience of the people and the proper 
 care of the public property. In March, 1837, John Brown 
 was allowed three dollars and fifty cents for bronzing the 
 ball on the spire of the court-house. A new roof was placed 
 on the court-house in 1838, and the interior was lathed and 
 plastered. June, 1841, the commissioners let a contract to 
 Ebenezer Grist and Alexander Campbell to fence the public 
 square with a good substantial plank fence. The enclosure 
 was sown with grass seed in June, 1842. In 1846 there is 
 an allowance of twelve dollars for whitewashing the court 
 house fence and painting the gates. Sixty dollars were paid 
 in 1848 for a fence around the jail lot, and in 1849, sixteen 
 dollars was appropriated for laying a walk from the court- 
 house to the south side of the public square. The sheriff, 
 in September, 1854, was prohibited from letting the court 
 house for any show or exhibition where an admission fee was 
 collected, but was authorized to give the use of the building, 
 without charge, for religious services, political meetings, and 
 free public addresses. 
 
 The grand jury at the October term, 1855, reported the 
 comfort and heathfulness of the jail, built in 1838, to be sat- 
 isfactory, but that its strength was not sufficient for the safe 
 confinement of prisoners. On the fifteenth of July, 1856, 
 the board of supervisors, ordered that proposals for building 
 a new jail be advertised for. January seventeenth, 1857, a 
 contract was made with Jeremiah Stumm for the construc- 
 tion of a jail after the plans drawn by a committee appoint- 
 ed by the board, Stumm to have the material of the old 
 jail, and to receive beside, the sum of $6,445.00, of which two 
 thousand dollars were payable, March the sixteenth, 1857, 
 and the balance at diffierent stages of the progress of the
 
 82 
 
 HISTROY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 work. The jail was built iu a satifactory manner, and is 
 now the one in use. 
 
 In 1869, a handsome building was erected on the poor 
 farm. The old court-house, built in 1831, had been by con- 
 stant use for nearly half a century before any active steps 
 were taken toward the erection of a more modern and com- 
 modious building. The first movement in the matter by the 
 board of supervisors was made in September, 1877, when a 
 minority report of the finance committee was made, recom- 
 mending a levy of ten thousand dollars for the purpose of 
 erecting a new court-house. This recommendation was re- 
 jected, as was also a resolution offered two years later, that 
 the board of supervisors take steps toward building a court- 
 house, whose cost should not exceed forty thousand dollars, 
 and that one-third of this amount should be included in the 
 tax levy for the year 1879. On the sixteenth day of Sep- 
 tember, 1880, the board of supervisors passed the following 
 resolution by a vote of seven to six : 
 
 " Resolved, That in consideration of the bad condition of 
 the court-house in the county of Schuyler, and State of 
 Illinois, that we, the supervisors of the aforesaid county and 
 State, take action at the present term of this board to build 
 a new court house, to stand where the old court-house now 
 stands, the cost not to exceed forty thousand dollars, one- 
 third of that amount to be levied on the taxable property 
 of said county for the year 1880, and the balance in two 
 equal instalments for the years 1881 and 1882, and the 
 county clerk be instructed to extend the first instalment of 
 813.333.34 on the tax books for the year 1880 " 
 
 A committee was appointed to obtain plans for the build- 
 ing, and on the seventeenth of December, 18S0, the plan of 
 the court house at Monroe, Michigan, was adopted, and a 
 committee appointed to enter into a contract with Thomas 
 Keegan, of that place, for the construction of the building. 
 The selection of a location was reserved, and the committee 
 requested to ascertain what the citizens of Rushville would 
 propose " in the matter of a location for the building " 
 John C Bagby, W. H. H. Rader, Johu Glaudon, William 
 Bader, and Edwin M. Anderson, were appointed a building 
 committee. A satisfactory contract was made with Thomas 
 Keegan, who gave a bond approved by the county clerK of 
 Monroe county, Michigan. On the twenty-fourth of Feb- 
 ruary, 1881, the action of the board fixing the location on 
 the site of the old court-house was rescinded, and what was 
 known as the Beatty corner, at the southwest angle of the 
 public square, comprising lots one and two of blockten of 
 the original plat of Rushville, was selected as the location of 
 the new structure. Of the three thousand five hundred dol- 
 lars paid for the lots, half are paid by the county. The cor- 
 poration of Rushville agreed to pay one thousand dollars, 
 and private individuals agreed to raise the remaining seven 
 hundred and fifty dollars. February twenty-fourth, 1881, 
 the board agreed to lease the public square, the site of the 
 old court-house, to the board of trustees of the town of Rush- 
 ville, to be kept and used as a public park for the use of the 
 people of the county, and to be kept by the town authorities 
 enclosed, and in a good condition for that purpose. This 
 lease was not to take effect until the new court house should 
 
 be finished and occupied. The county agreed to remove the 
 old court-house from the square. The sum of eight thousand 
 dollars was borrowed in September, 1881, in anticipation of 
 the tax levy for the year, in order to push the work forward 
 as fast as practicable. The contract price for the erection 
 of the building was thirty-six thousand dollars, one instal- 
 ment to be paid on or before March fifteenth, 1881 ; the sec- 
 ond, one year later, and the third, in March, 1883. The 
 court-house was completed iu the summer of 1882, and the 
 county has now a commodious and handsome building in 
 which to transact the public business. 
 
 COUNTY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 The management of the county affairs from the organiza- 
 tion of the county up to the first day of December, 1849, was 
 in the hands of boards of county commissioners. From 
 December, 1849, to September, 1854, a county court held 
 the reins of government. In 1854, township organization 
 was adopted, and boards of supervisors have since been 
 annually elected. 
 
 THE FIRST BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS, 
 
 Elected on the fourth of July, 1825, was composed of 
 Thomas McKee, Samuel Horney, and Thomas Blair. Con- 
 cerning their first session the records have the following 
 entry : 
 
 Be it remembered that the county of Schuyler having 
 been established by an Act of the General Assembly of the 
 State of Illinois, and Thomas Blair, Thomas McKee, and 
 Samuel Horney, having been duly elected County Commis- 
 sioners of said County, and having taken the several oaths 
 before Hart Fellows, Esq., Clerk of the Circuit Court for 
 said County, thereupon a special term of the County Com- 
 missioners' Court for the County of Schuyler is begun and 
 held at Beardstown, the seat of Justice for said County, on 
 the seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord eighteen 
 hundred and twenty-five. 
 
 Present, Thomas McKee, 
 Samuel Horney, 
 Thomas Blair, 
 
 County Commissioners. 
 
 John B. Terry was appointed clerk of the court, and took 
 in open court an oath to support the Constitution of the 
 United States, and of the State of Illinois, and also the oath 
 required by the "Act to suppress Duelling," and having 
 filed his bond on which Nathan Eels was security, entered 
 upon the duties of his office. 
 
 The seat of justice for the county, as located by John 
 Adams, Stephen Olmstead, and James Dunwoody, was 
 named Beardstown. 
 
 Hart Fellows, James Vance, and Willis O'Neal were 
 recommended to the Governor as suitable persons to fill the 
 office of justice of the peace. 
 
 After ordering a venire of grand jurors to be summoned 
 the court adjourned to the twenty-second of the same month. 
 
 At the session on the twenty -second of July, Jacob White 
 was allowed seventy-five cents a day for the use of his house
 
 COUNTY BUI LD I NGS , SCHUYLER C 0., I LLI N O I S .
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 83 
 
 as a court-house on the seventh and twenty-second days of 
 July, 1825. This order was the first ever drawn on the 
 treasury of the county. 
 
 On the petition of " sundry inhabitants" the First School 
 District was organized with the following bounds : Begin- 
 ning at the northeast corner of section four, in township 
 two, north, range one, west ; thence west to the northwest 
 corner of section one, township two north, range two west ; 
 thence south to the southwest corner of section thirty-six ; 
 thence east to the southeast corner of section thirty-three ; 
 thence north to the place of beginning. 
 
 William H. Taylor was appointed commissioner to take 
 the census of the county. 
 
 Jacob White and Joel Pennington were appointed con- 
 stables. 
 
 At the next meeting of the Board of county commission- 
 ers on the fifth of September, 1825, Riggs Pennington and 
 Nathan Eels were appointed overseers of the poor, and 
 Samuel Gooch, John Ritchey and Jonathan Reno fence 
 viewers. The first ward in the county, Elizabeth Spivy was 
 placed under the guardianship of James Vance. A petition 
 was received asking that a road be establised from Beard's 
 Ferry on the Illinois river, to Beardstown, the county seat, 
 thence to the southeast corner of section sixteen, township 
 two north, range one west. Ephraim Eggleston, Jonathan 
 Reno and Levin Green were appointed viewers of said 
 route, and were ordered to report at the next session of the 
 court. 
 
 At the next session of the county commissioners' court, on 
 the 3d of November, 1825, a tavern license was granted to 
 Orris McCartney, the first given in the county. For this 
 license three dollars was paid into the county treasury 
 for the use of the county, and one dollar to the clerk of 
 the court. McCartney was allowed to ask the following 
 charges. 
 
 For diet, per meal 18| cents 
 
 Horse keeping, per night , .... 25 " 
 
 Horse Feed • . . . . 12J " 
 
 Lodging 6} " 
 
 \Vhiskey, per half pint 12} " 
 
 »* ""'*.••. 61 li 
 
 Foreign spirits, per half pint 25 " 
 
 gill 12} " 
 
 Cider, Metheglin, or Beer 12}" 
 
 On the 5th of December, 1825, the county commissioners 
 again met, and having received the report on the proposed 
 road from Beard's Ferry to the seat of justice, thence to the 
 southeast corner of section sixteen, it was ordered that the 
 route should be considered a public highway. For survey- 
 ing it Levin Green and Ephraim Eggleston were allowed 
 one dollar each. Jonathan Reno was appointed supervisor 
 of said road, and was instructed to open it and render it pas- 
 sable, with authority to employ all persons living in the First 
 Road district. The first road district was comprised in the 
 following bounds : Beginning on the Illinois river at the 
 above line ; thence along said river to the mouth of Sugar 
 creek; thence with the main branch of said creek to the 
 county line; thence along said line to the county of Adams ; 
 
 thence south along said line to the base line ; thence along 
 said base line to the place of beginning. It was directed 
 that such persons who failed to work on the " before men- 
 tioned highway "should pay seventy-five cents for each and 
 every day's work assessed to them. 
 
 Riggs Pennington, Nathan Eels, and David E. Blair 
 were appointed judges of elections. James Vance seems 
 soon to have tired of his responsibility as guardian of Eliza- 
 beth Spivy, for he was released from his guardianship, and 
 the clerk directed to return his bond. Levin Green sup- 
 plied his place and gave bond for fifty dollars. Cornelius, 
 Vandeveuter, Thomas McKee, Jesse Bartlett, and Levin 
 Green were recommended as suitable persons for justices of 
 the peace, John P. Terry forjudge of probate, and Jonathan 
 D. Manlove for county surveyor. The commissioners made 
 an order on the county treasury for their attendance at 
 court, at the rate of two dollars and fifty cents a day, and 
 for the clerk at the same rate, and then brought their ses- 
 sions to a close for the year 1825. 
 
 In June, 1826, Riggs Pennington, Nathan Eels, and 
 David E. Blair were appointed judges of elections for the 
 county. 
 
 Benjamin Chadsey, in September, 1826, was allowed one 
 dollar and seventy-five cents for a ballot-box furnished by 
 him, and Calvin Hobart was allowed seven dollars for a coun- 
 ty seal, furnished on the order of the court. The order for 
 stationery for the use of the county, drawn in September 
 1826, was for the sum of two dollars. 
 
 Ephraim Eggleston, Jacob White and William McKee 
 were appointed fence viewers March, 1828, and Henry Hills, 
 John Ritchey and Philip Spohnamore overseers of the 
 poor. 
 
 Thomas Blair was authorized to go to Vandalia and re- 
 ceive out of the state treasury the money due the county 
 for the year 1827. For making this trip he received twenty- 
 six dollars. 
 
 On the 6th of March, 1826, the county commissioners 
 ordered that a tax of one per cent, should be assessed on all 
 taxable property within the county. Jesse Bartlett was ap- 
 pointed the overseer, and for his service in assessing the 
 value of property in the county, was allowed six dollars. 
 The taxes collected for this year were one hundred and eigh- 
 teen dollars and ninety cents. A tax of one per. cent, 
 was likewise assessed in 1827. David E Blair was the as- 
 sessor in 1827, and was allowed seven dollars for seven days 
 services. 
 
 On March 4th, 1828, the following order of taxation was 
 made by the county commissioners : 
 
 " Ordered that a county tax of one-half (of one) per cent, 
 be levied on the following described property, to wit: 
 On slaves, indentured or registered negro or m ulatto ser- 
 vants, on all wheel carriages, stills and distilleries, on stock in 
 trade, on all horses, mules, mares, and asses, on all neat cat- 
 tle, sheep, goats and hogs, on watches with their appendages, 
 and clocks." 
 
 The treasurer was required to take a list of " all resident 
 land," subject to taxation in the county. For making suit- 
 able lists he was allowed twelve 'dolla rs.
 
 84 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 The followiug statement of the fiscal concerns of Schuyler 
 county was made at the December term of the County Com- 
 • missioners Court, 1827 : 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 By amount of county tax for the year 1826 $118.90 
 
 ■ " *' specie received from the State Treasury in 
 
 1826 157.50 
 
 By amount received of Jacob White for E j S. W. 30, T. 2 
 
 N.E1.W 150.00 
 
 By amount received for lots in the town of Rushville . . . 133 50 
 " " " " fines assessed in the Circuit Court . 21.00 
 
 " " " into the treasury out of the tax for the 
 
 year 1827 48.44 
 
 $629.34 
 Dr. 
 To amount of county orders issued in 1825, 1826 and 1827 . $467.78 
 " paid into "the land office for theS. W. 30 T. 2 N. 
 R. 1 W 193.60 
 
 §661.38 
 
 Amount due on the Rushville town lots available . §251.25 
 
 " '' for fines assessed in Circuit Court . . 7.00 
 Balance due on tax for 1827 after deducting the 7} 
 
 per cent 27.42 
 
 Amount in the treasury 6.10 
 
 §291.77 
 
 Balance in favor of the county, $259.73. 
 
 The amount of tax for the year 1827 was 884.62 ; of this 
 amount, Levin Green, the coroner and collector of taxes re- 
 turned $5.12 as delinquent. 
 
 SECOND BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.* 
 
 Thomas McKee, Samuel Horney, Thomas Davis — 1828- 
 1830. 
 
 The name of Thomas Davis appears as county commis- 
 sioner in place of Thomas Blair in September, 1828. From 
 the financial statement made in December, 1828, it appears 
 that for the year there were issued county orders amounting 
 to$391.40i. Of these orders there were outstanding and 
 not redeemed $24.00. The amount of cash in the treasury- 
 was $40.03. Taxes due for 1828, $21,603. Due from the 
 state treasury, $275. Fines assessed in the Circuit Court, 
 $8.00. Amount due on Rushville town lots, $307.10J. 
 
 The financial statement made in December, 1829, shows 
 that from December first, 1828, to December first, 1829, 
 county orders were issued to the amount of $505.88. Of this 
 sum $413.15 had been redeemed. The revenue from the State 
 for the year was $375.00. Amount of county tax for the 
 year, $186.02} ; amount of auditor's warrants in the treas- 
 ury, $75.50 ; amount of specie received on account of estrays, 
 $55-12; amount due the county for town lots, $428,31 i; 
 
 * Note. — This division into boards is not made with reference to 
 the years, or terms, for which the several commissioners were elected. 
 As long as the commissioners remain the same in person they are 
 considered for the purposes of this chapter, one board, though in the 
 meantime one, or more, of their number may have been re-elected. 
 
 making the available income of the county for the year 
 $1,119 961. The county treasurer was directed to receive 
 State paper and auditor's warrants at par in payment of all 
 debts due the county and to pay out the same at par, and 
 not otherwise, but in March, 1830, State paper and auditor's 
 warrants, it appears from the order of the court, had depreci- 
 ated eighty-five cents on the dollar. 
 
 In the tax levy for 1829 beside articles before enumerated 
 as subject to taxation, town lots were added to the list. The 
 rate of taxation remained at one-half of one per cent. 
 Willis O'Neal was the assessor for this year, and was paid 
 eighteen dollars for fourteen days' work. Then, as now, 
 there were complaints at the valuation made by the assessor. 
 On the first of March, 1830, Elias McFadden,hung for mur- 
 der at Rushville, 1839, appeared before the county commis- 
 sioners and made oath that his property listed for taxation 
 in Schuyler county for the year 1829, was also listed for 
 taxation, for the same year, in the State of Kentucky, where 
 he was bound to pay the same. It was thereupon ordered 
 that the said McFadden be released from the payment of 
 taxes for the year 1829. A tax of one-half of one per 
 cent, was levied for the year 1830. 
 
 THIRD BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Henrv Hil!s, Thomas Blair, Samuel Bogart— 1830- 
 1831. 
 
 Willis O'Neal was allowed thirty-four dollars and fifty 
 cents for twenty-three days' work in assessing the taxes of 
 1830. In September, 1830, the commissioners divided the 
 county into eight districts for the election of justices of the 
 peace. It was ordered that the county of McDonough be 
 allowed to retain for the benefit of said county one-half of 
 the tax assessed upon the inhabitants of said county for the 
 year 1830. 
 
 The fiscal statements for December, 1830, are as follows : 
 
 County orders issued for the year §2,397.52 
 
 " outstanding December 7, 1829 116.33 
 
 §2,513.85 
 
 " " redeemed at the treasury 1,203.85 
 
 ,; " outstanding 1,310.00 
 
 Amount of revenue received from State . 375.00 
 
 " " county tax for 1830 . .'.'.' 384.97 
 
 '' " cash in treasury ..'..".' .50 
 
 Fines assessed before justices '28 00 
 
 Notes now collecting 342-50 
 
 Notes in the treasury 399.25 
 
 1,530.22 
 
 This left a balance in favor of the treasury of $220.22. The 
 tax assessed in McDonough county was $49.95. 
 
 For building a bridge across Crooked creek, Peter Wool- 
 vertou and John Taggart were allowed three hundred dollars 
 on the 22d of December, 1830. Thomas Davis and Samuel 
 Brazelton were granted licenses to keep taverns, the former 
 on the payment of five and the latter of nine dollars tax. 
 John Curry, Alexander Steel and Ansalem Barnes were ap- 
 pointed fence-viewers for that part of the county west of
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 85 
 
 Crooked creek ; Matthew Sparks, Jithn Burk« and George 
 Swan for that part lying between Crooked and Sugar creeks ; 
 and William Wolverton, Baxter Baker and Thomas T. 
 Lancaster for that part of the county lying east of Sugar 
 creek. The fee for license to sell or vend goods in the 
 county was fixed at ten dollars. The bridge across Crooked 
 creek, built by Peter Woolverton and John Taggart having 
 been carried away, the clerk, on the 9th of March, 1831, 
 was directed to notify the said Taggart and Woolverton 
 that they cause another good and sufficient bridge to be 
 erected in its place, with the least possible delay. 
 
 FOURTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Thomas Blair, Henry Hills, Alexander Curry, 1831-32. 
 
 In 1831 the jail must have been full of prisoners, for the 
 allowances to Thomas Hayden for boarding and feeding 
 prisoners were liberal, while numerous orders were issued to 
 various persons in payment of their services in guarding the 
 jail. James Taylor was on guard thirty-seven nights, and 
 was paid at the rate of fifty cents each night Appropria- 
 tions were made in December, 1831, to provide for the re- 
 moval of prisoners from Schuyler to McDonough County. 
 The wagons of Joel Pennington, the sheriff, and Jonathan 
 Smith were employed, and a number of men went along as 
 guards. McDonough county had organized by this time a 
 county government of its own, and henceforth took care of 
 its own prisoners. David Morgan, the murderer, was in 
 confinement this year, and entailed considerable expense on 
 the county. 
 
 The financial statement for December, 1831, showed the 
 amount of county orders issued for the year to be $1951.56. 
 
 The county was credited as follows : 
 
 Balance in favor of the treasury, Dec., 1830 (notes) $220.22 
 
 Notes now in the treasury . 86.50 
 
 Fines collected 36.00 
 
 Received for licenses issued 81.00 
 
 County tax for 1831 408.84 
 
 Tax on ferries 23.00 
 
 Due from the state ... 450.00 
 
 $1305.56 
 
 For the first time in the history of the county the balance 
 was against the treasury. The deficit was $646.00. This 
 indebtedness was due to the building of the court-house. 
 
 FIFTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Samuel McHattan, Isaac Lane, Erastus Stone, 1832-34. 
 
 In August, 1832, an entire new board of county commis- 
 sioners was elected. The financial statement for December 
 showed that the balance against the treasury of $646.00 had 
 been liquidated, and a surplus created of $102.16. The 
 amount of county orders issued for the year was $1275.93. 
 The amount received from fines was $14.00 ; from licenses, 
 $92.00. The county tax was $554.03, and the revenue from 
 the state $450.00. The sale of town lots in Rushville 
 amounted to $515.25. To the list of taxable property in 
 1832 was added town lots (except in such towns as are in- 
 corporated), household furniture and farming utensils 
 
 The year 1833 showed great improvement in the financial, 
 affairs of the county. The amount of county orders issued for 
 the year was $659.14. Amount received from the state, $450.- 
 00; county tax, $764.42. Orders issued for the year were 
 $450.00 County tax, $764.42. Amount received from sales of 
 town lots, $459.00 ; from merchants' licenses 225.00 from tax 
 on ferries, 25.00 ; from licenses to shows, 20.00 ; from fines, 
 $80.00. The balance in favor of the treasury is $1410.47. 
 The license to merchants had been usually placed at ten 
 dollars, so that there must have been more than twenty mer- 
 chants doing business in the county. The chief part of the 
 ferry tax was paid by Thomas Beard. The $20.00 paid by 
 show men indicates that the people of the county were num- 
 erous, and willing enough to support some forms of amuse- 
 ment. 
 
 In 1833 eight hundred and eighty acres of school laud 
 were sold in section 16, township 1 north, range 3 west, and 
 section 16, township 1 south range 2 west. 
 
 The clerk of the court was directed to procure locks for 
 the doors of the court-house and deliver the keys to the 
 sheriff, who was authorized to permit religious societies to 
 occupy the court room for the purpose of worship, and the 
 citizens of the county to hold public meetings. 
 
 Joel Pennington, the sheriff, who collected the taxes for 
 
 1832, having retained in his hands the sum of seventy-five, 
 dollars and thirty-four cents, a citation was issued command- 
 ing him to appear before the county commissioners' court, and 
 show cause why judgment should not be rendered against him, 
 for the balance due with damages. In June, 1834, judg- 
 ment was rendered against Pennington, with damages at the 
 rate of one per cent, a week, after the first week in March, 
 
 1833, the whole amounting to one hundred and twenty-four 
 dollars and nine cents. Execution issued on this judgment 
 in August, 1834, and was returned satisfied the following 
 December. 
 
 SIXTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Isaac Lane, John Brown, Henry Casteen, 1834 — 1835. 
 Alexander Curry, commissioner of school lands, was autho- 
 rized in September, 1834, to loan any money that might 
 come into his hands, as such commissioner, at twelve per 
 cent, per annum. For assessing the taxes for 1834 A.dams 
 Dunlap was paid seventy dollars. For painting the court 
 house, Starkey McCabe was allowed thirty-four dollars and 
 seventy-two cents, and for lumber furnished for the court 
 house, an order was issued to James Hunter for sixteen dollars 
 and twenty-eight cents. For bringing from Vandalia, the state 
 capital, the county revenue for 1833, Jonathan G. Randall was 
 paid five dollars. The county had on its hands a number 
 of poor persons. Five dollars was allowed for making a 
 coffin for James Campbell, and sixteen dollars for medical 
 attendance on Mrs. Campbell and child. A number of like 
 entries are on record. Joel PenningtoD, in December, 1834, 
 confessed judgment in the sum of two hundred and fifty- 
 nine dollars and seventy-four cents for taxes collected for 
 the year 1833, and retained by him, and damages. The ex- 
 ecution on this judgment was returned satisfied, in March, 
 1836 The completing of the court house was still a source
 
 86 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 of expense to the county. On the second of December 
 1834, orders were issued to William M. Wright, James Hun- 
 ter, and John Brown to the amount of seven hundred and 
 eighty-five dollars for work done on the building. One 
 " Franklin stove" and pipe for the court house, cost thirty- 
 two dollars. This year's '' stock in tan yard," was added to 
 the list of taxable articles. The fiscal statement for Decem- 
 ber, 1834, is as follows: 
 
 Dr. 
 To county orders issued Dec. 1833 to Dec. 1834 . . $837.54 
 
 " amount of delinquents for 1833 23.48 
 
 " sheriff's percent, for collecting taxes for 1833 . 2206 
 
 885.08 
 Cr. 
 
 By amount of county tax for 1834 $595.00 
 
 " " due from the state for 1834 450.00 
 
 " '' received from licenses 90-00 
 
 ; " " " " fines 78.00 
 
 " " " " tax on ferries 26.00 
 
 1239.00 
 
 SEVENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 John Brown, Henry Casteen, Daniel Owen, 1835, 1836. 
 A special election for county commissioner was held at the 
 beginning of the year 1835, and Daniel Owen took the place 
 of Isaac Lane. 
 
 On the third and fourth days of March, 1835, the county 
 commissioners had before them thirty-five cases for violation 
 of the Estray law. In some instances the cases were dis- 
 missed, it appearing that the estray animals had been de- 
 livered to the sheriff to be sold according to law, and in a 
 smaller number, damages and cost were collected.. On the 
 seventh day of March, 1835, the commissioners directed the 
 levy of the first county tax on hand in the following order : 
 
 " It being the opinion of the court, that the public good 
 requires that a tax should be levied on every tract of taxa- 
 ble land situated in this county, of one-half the amount of 
 the present state tax ; it is therefore ordered that a county 
 tax of one-half of the amount of the present state tax -be 
 levied and collected upon each tract of land subject to taxa- 
 tion within the limits of this county, and that the amount 
 of taxes so levid and collected for the present year be appro- 
 priated to the building of two good substantial bridges over 
 Crooked creek ; one of the said bridges to be built over said 
 creek in road district number five at, or near, where the state 
 road from Rushville to Quincy crosses the same ; the other 
 bridge to be built over said creek in district number nine at 
 a place, best calculated to accommodate a road from Rush- 
 ville, via Riggs' Ferry to Pittsfield." 
 
 On the same day it was ordered that each and every able- 
 bodied man between the ages of twenty-one and fifty be re- 
 quired to perform three days' labor on the roads for the year 
 1835. 
 
 On the nineteenth of the same month fines of three dollars 
 were assessed against William A. Richardson and Benjamin 
 V. Teel for contempt of court. June third, 1835, Joel Pen- 
 nington was allowed three dollars and twenty-five cents for 
 advertising a runaway negro, committed to his custody while ' 
 sheriff. In December, 1835, Henry B. Bertholf was ap- 
 
 pointed commissioner of school lands, in place of Alexander 
 Curry, and gave bond of sixteen thousand dollars, on which 
 Hart Fellows, Joel Pennington, Robert H. Burton, John 
 Hodge, Russell Toneny, I. McCutchen, Norris Hobart, W. 
 A. Richardson, Rensalaer Wells, and William A. Minshall 
 were sureties. For making three guide-boards, George W. 
 Penney, was allowed, in March, 1836, one dollar and twelve 
 and a-half cents ; and Thomas Jones, for painting and letter- 
 ing them, three dollars. 
 
 Harvey Lester, treasurer, reported that for the year end- 
 ing March, 1836, he had received from all sources $2055.16. 
 He had paid county orders, $1788.98 ; jury certificates, 
 $220.50; to the court, $5.49, leaving a balance of $40.19. 
 
 For the year 1836 the commissioners directed that a 
 county tax of one dollar and twenty cents be levied and col- 
 lected on each quarter section of laud in the county subject 
 to a state tax ; twenty dollars to be applied to the repairs of 
 the bridge at Skiles' mill, and the residue to building the 
 two bridges before mentioned across Crooked creek. Thirty- 
 's ve dollars were appropriated from the county treasury for 
 the purchase of standard weights and measures. From a 
 fiscal statement made March, 1836, the revenue of the county 
 for the year previous was : 
 
 From county tax for 1835, 
 " resident land tax, 
 " revenue from State, 
 '' licenses, 
 " fines, 
 " tax on fences, 
 
 $911,99 
 
 814.60 
 
 450.00 
 
 173.00 
 
 47.00 
 
 30.00 
 
 82426.59 
 
 EIGHTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Daniel Owen, Willis O'Neal, John Orchard, 1836-1837. 
 
 In September, 1836, Abraham Smith was appointed to 
 superintend the building of a bridge across Crooked creek 
 at Henley's mill, the contract for constructing the abut- 
 ments of which had been let to Morris Swan and John B. 
 Todd for six hundred dollars ; and the frame-work to Caleb 
 Houston for a like sum. The 'commissioners do not seem to 
 have looked with much favor on the business of peddling of 
 clocks. Fifty dollars were charged for a license to E. Stin- 
 son & Co. The usual charge at this time for a license to sell 
 and vend goods was ten and twelve dollars. Charges on 
 licenses to vend goods at auction and otherwise, issued 
 March 7th, 1837, vary from two to fifteen dollars; the latter 
 amount was charged Dawley & Wells at Rushville. On the 
 eighth of March, H. Hurlburt & Co. were made to pay twen- 
 ty-six dollars. For keeping an unlawful grocery and gam- 
 ing house, Jesse Bullard had his license as tavern keeper 
 suppressed in March, 1837. 
 
 The fiscal statement for March, 1837, shows that county 
 
 orders had betii issued during the year for $2156.33 
 
 The county levy for 1836 was $1302.64, and the tax on 
 
 resident lands $806.22. The balance in favor of the county 
 
 was $55 86. 
 
 NINTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Willis O'Neal, John Orchard, Levi Lusk, 1837-1838. 
 Three hundred and fifty dollars were appropriated for
 
 J1IST0RY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 87 
 
 building a bridge across Sugar creek. In October, 1837, 
 three additional bridges were ordered to be built on Crooked 
 creek, one at William C. Rail's mill, one at Burton & Ai- 
 der's mill, and the third in section thirteen, township one 
 south, range two west William C. Ralls and William 
 Maxwell contracted to build the bridge at Rail's mill for 
 three thousand dollars ; Alden & Burton the bridge at their 
 mill for four thousand dollars, and O. Wilson the bridge at 
 section thirteen, township one south, range two west, for four 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 The fiscal statement for the year ending March first, 1838, 
 shows the amount of county orders issued, §2,313.00 ; jury 
 orders, $600.00. The county levy for 1837 was $1,926.57 .' 
 State tax, $1,159.33 ; amount received from tax on ferries 
 $65 00 ; from tavern and store licenses, $474.00 ; from fines 
 and forfeitures, $62.00 ; amount of road fund in treasury 
 $743.90. 
 
 TENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Thomas Brockman, Edward Doyle, Peter C. Vance, 1838, 
 1839 Thomas Brockman, Edward Doyle, and Peter C. 
 Vance were elected county commissioners in August, 1838. 
 At their first meeting on the third of September, three tickets 
 were placed in a hat, (as the record recites), and Brockman 
 drew the one year term ; Doyle, the term of two years ; and 
 Vance, the term of three years. Thereafter one commis- 
 sioner was elected annually. • Proceedings were begun 
 against thirteen different parties for keeping taverns and 
 groceries, and selling goods without license. Messrs. Hill 
 and AfHeck were granted license to peddle clocks three 
 months in payment of fifty dollars. 
 
 William Cox, the treasurer, was cited to appear and show 
 cause why he should not be removed from his office for fail- 
 ure to perform its duties ; first, in neglecting to notify the 
 county commissioners of the failure of the sheriff to pay over 
 moneys in his hands due the county ; second, in failing to 
 finish taking a list of taxable property and making a return 
 thereof; and third, in failing to discharge the duties of his 
 office in general. Cox tendered his resignation, which, after 
 arguments by Jesse M. McCutchen in his behalf, and by 
 Usher F. Linder, counsel for the commissioners, the com- 
 missioners decided they had no right to accept, and therefore 
 proceeded to remove him from office on the seventh of Sep- 
 tember, 1838 Twelve days afterward, Clark Dennis, of 
 Mount Sterling, was appointed treasurer pro tem, and gave 
 bond in the sum of seven thousand dollars. 
 
 This board of county commissioners seem to have started 
 out with the idea of thoroughly reforming the management 
 of the county affairs. Several days in September, 183S, 
 were spent in investigating what they term " the docket and 
 jury fee business ;" jurors previous to the year 18 .5 were not 
 allowed pay. They came to the conclusion that Thomas 
 Haydon, former sheriff, was indebted to the county on this 
 account five hundred and nine dollars, and directed that 
 suit be begun against him in the circuit court. The accounts 
 of the commissioner of school lands were likewise examined, 
 and a new bond directed to be filed. In December the road 
 fund was investigated. 
 
 A fiscal statement made in December, 1838, shows a bal- 
 ance of the road fund unappropriated of $221.05. The 
 amount of county orders issued from December first, 1887, 
 to December first, 1838, was $3,738.72. The county levy 
 for 1837 was $1,926.57 ; the resident land tax, $844.00; re- 
 ceived from store and tavern licenses, $734.00 ; from fines 
 and forfeitures, $88.00 ; from ferry licenses, $66.00. 
 
 In February, 1839, possession was taken of the new jail, 
 built by Alexander Penney, at the contract price of four 
 thousand five hundred dollars. An agreement was made 
 that additional work should cost one hundred and fifty dol- 
 lars. There was a misunderstanding about this last contract, 
 and Penney refused to give up the keys till paid his full 
 demands. The commissioners appointed John Todhunter 
 and A. Evans, two disinterested carpenters, to report on the 
 value of the work done, and went on and took possession of 
 the building. 
 
 In June, 1»39, the county was divided into eight districts, 
 or precincts, in which justices and constables should be elect- 
 ed, and general elections held ; an assessor was appointed 
 for each of these districts. The territory of the county had, 
 by this time, been reduced to its present dimensions by the 
 creation of Brown county in February, 1839. Under the 
 revenue law, John G. McHatton was appointed collector of 
 the county, and required to give a bond often thousaud dol- 
 lars. A statement of the fiscal concerns of the county made 
 in March, 1839, shows that the amount of county orders 
 unpaid on the first of March, 1839, was $5,415.55. The 
 balance of county levy and land tax for 1837 in the hands 
 of the sheriff, and the county levy and land tax for 1S38, 
 amounted together to $3,936.57. Deducting the amount 
 paid into the treasury by the sheriff, and his percentage, the 
 balance against the county appeared to be $3,16053. 
 
 A tax of forty cents on every one hundred dollars worth 
 of property, both real and personal was levied for 1839, and 
 often cents for every one hundred dollars of taxable lands 
 for road purposes. 
 
 ELEVENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONEES. 
 
 Edward Doyle, Peter C. Vance, David Manlove, 1839- 
 1840. William Ellis was appointed School Commissioner 
 September 6, 1839. The commissioner after investigating 
 the accounts of Henry B. Bertholf, the former School Com- 
 missioner, declared him to be in arrears in principal and in- 
 terest $2,048.56. This amount was settled by taking notes 
 of James G. McCreery, to the amount $1,575. 00, secured by 
 mortgage on real estate, and the remainder secured by mort- 
 gage on Bertholf's real estate, and the suits against the 
 delinquent commissioner were ordered abated on payment 
 by him of the costs. 
 
 The fiscal statement for the year ending March 1st., 1840, 
 was as follows: 
 
 Cr. 
 
 By county tax put in hands of Collector $4,603.70 
 
 " ferry taxes 102.00 
 
 " fines collected 122.00 
 
 " licenses 92.50 
 
 Total income $4,920-20
 
 88 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To county order issued $1,675.19 
 
 " per cent on collection of taxes 322.25 
 
 " " " paid treasurer 92 07 
 
 $2,089.51 
 
 Balance in favor of the county $2,830.69. There were, 
 however, orders unpaid to the amount of $2,746.35. The 
 county and ferry taxes uncollected were $2,000.61. The total 
 balance again it the county was $735.74. In June, 1840, 
 the county of Hancock was allowed a bill of $199.11, for 
 keeping and executing William Frame, a prisoner, sent 
 from this county to Hancock and there tried on a change of 
 venue. 
 
 Edward Doyle resigned his office of county commissioner 
 June 17th., 1840, in order to become an applicant (as it is 
 expressed in the records), for the office of county collector. 
 The two remaining commissioners however, appointed, Alex- 
 ander Montgomery, who declined the office, whereupon 
 Edward Doyle received the appointment. 
 
 TWELFTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Peter C. Vance, David Manlove, William H. Ray, 1840, 
 1841. Edward Doyle was appointed school commissioner in 
 September, 1840, and was required to give a bond of twelve 
 thousand dollars. In December Jonothan D. Manlove was 
 appointed to this office. The assessment of the county for 
 taxes was given to one person, and Peter H. Holmes ap- 
 pointed in March, 1841, to make the assessment for that 
 year. In Juue 1841 a turnpike road intended to run 
 from Springfield to Wassau was surveyed through the 
 county, extending from Beardstown to Rushville, and thence 
 through Brooklyn and Birmingham. In the field notes the 
 distance by the road to Rushville from Springfield is placed 
 at fifty-five miles; of Brooklyn sixty-nine miles, and of 
 Birmingham seventy-three-miles and three-quarters. 
 
 THIRTEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 David Manlove, William H. Ray, Peter C. Vance, 1841- 
 1842. 
 
 William H. Ray resigned at the close of 1841, and in 
 January, 1842, John Mitcheltree was elected to fill the 
 vacancy. 
 
 FOURTEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSONERS. 
 
 David Manlove, John Mitcheltree, Peter C. Vance, Jan- 
 uary, 1841 ; August, 1 842. 
 
 FIFTEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 John Mitcheltree, Isaac F. Cady, Moses J. Skiles, 1842- 
 1843. 
 
 For making a map of Schuyler county for the use of the 
 office of the clerk of the county commissioner's court, Utton 
 Smith was allowed fifteen dollars. Edward Doyle, elected 
 treasurer in August, 1842 ; not furnishing a bond executed 
 according to law, the commissioners, on the 8th of Septem- 
 ber, 1842, declared the office vacant, and appointed John 
 
 Scripps treasurer. Jonathan D Manlove, the collector for 
 1841, having violated the law in not advertising the delin- 
 tax list, proceedings were directed to be instituted against 
 him. These proceedings were successful, although the jury 
 which tried the case united in a petition to the county com- 
 missioners that, on account of peculiar circumstances, the 
 penalty be not enforced. The commissioners dissented from 
 this request, though they expressed themselves willing to 
 grant it, should a majority of the voters of the county re- 
 commend the same. Proceedings were also ordered to be 
 instituted against the circuit clerk for his failure to report 
 the amount of his jury and docket fees. 
 
 The county tax for 1842 amounted to $3199.26. The 
 total liabilities of the county on the 11th of March, 1842, 
 were $844497. 
 
 SIXTEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Isaac F Cady, Moses J. Skiles, Charles Wells, 1843- 
 1844. 
 
 In March 1844, an order was made allowing two dollars 
 for the scalps of" large or big" wolves, and one dollar and 
 fifty cents for those of prairie wolves, killed within Schuyler 
 county. A tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars 
 was levied both on real and personal property for 1844, and 
 fifteen cents of said assessment appropriated to road pur- 
 poses. A fiscal statement made in June, 1844 shows the 
 amount of outstanding orders unpaid to be $4243.07 ; liabi- 
 lities of the c unty for which orders had not been issued, 
 $2121.66 Amount received by the county for the year, 
 $1115.46. 
 
 SEVENTEKXTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Moses J. Skiles, Charles Wells, George W. Metz, 1844- 
 1845. 
 
 A reward of fifty dollars was offered to any person who 
 should pursue and apprehend beyond the limits of the county, 
 any person guilty of stealing horses from any person within 
 the limits of Schuvler county, payable on conviction. In 
 consideration of one hundred dollars per annum in county 
 orders, Joseph Haskell contracted with the county commis- 
 sioners to carry on a free ferry at Haskell's Ferry on 
 Crooked creek, and to operate the same from daylight to 
 dark, with as little delay as the nature of the case would 
 permit, " when it is not good fording for a horseman, or when 
 the water will run into the bed of a common two-horse wagon 
 crossing at the ford at or near said ferry." Haskell's com- 
 pensation was increased to one hundred and ten dollars the 
 next year. In 1849 Jordan D. Rhodes contracted to run 
 the ferry at this point, and received one hundred and thirty 
 dollars. 
 
 The fiscal statement for June, 1845, shows the amount of 
 county and jury orders outstanding to be $2244.46 ; due the 
 county, $906.50, leaving a liability of $3112.96: This was 
 increased by the amount owed by the county on account of 
 the bridge at Brooklyn ($1775.00) making the total liabi- 
 lity of the county $3112.96. In 1845 a tax of thirty cents 
 on the hundred dollars was levied for county purposes, and 
 of twenty cents on the one hundred dollars for road purposes.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 89 
 
 EIGHTEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Charles Wells, George W. Metz, John M. Campbell, 1845- 
 1846. 
 
 The county orders were largely used in paying taxes and 
 as currency. The court had previously decided to issue an 
 order only for full amount of the claim against the county, 
 but on the 3d of December, 1845, the commissioners, in con- 
 sideration of the fact that " there seems to be considerable 
 inconvenience arising to the people in paying taxes and 
 other county claims, and in making change, &c," agree that 
 for claims against the county hereafter allowed orders might 
 be issued 'in less than the full amount, so cut up or divided, 
 as may be deemed reasonable by this court, so as to accom- 
 modate the wants of the people." An order of fifty dollars 
 was then cut up into eight or ten orders of ten, and five 
 dollars each, a circumstance which facilitated their use as a 
 circulating medium. 
 
 It appearing that docket and jury fees payable to the 
 county had not been paid according to law, " and the coun- 
 ty commissioners' court having endeavored, from time to 
 time, to ascertain in whose hands the same are and make 
 collection thereof, but having measurably failed so to do," 
 Joseph Montgomery and William Ellis (the circuit and 
 county clerks) were appointed agents to collect all docket 
 and jury fees outstanding from 1835, (when jurors first were 
 paid) to September, 1845, they receiving as compensation 
 one-half of all such fees, they agreeing to report to the com- 
 missioners the liability of all officers for such docket and 
 jury fees, to whom such fees may have been paid. 
 
 NINETEENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 George W. Metz, John M. Campbell, John F. Allphin, 
 1846-1847. 
 
 In the circuit court of Mercer county a judgment had 
 been obtained by Mercer county against Schuyler county for 
 the cost of the care of a pauper, said to belong to Schuyler 
 county. Robert S. Black well agreed with the county com- 
 missioners to take the same to the supreme court on writ of 
 error and have said judgment reversed for the following 
 moderate fees : "This court to pay him at this time a fee 
 of ten dollars, including the cost of transcript, and an addi- 
 tional fee of twenty dollars, provided he gets said judgment i 
 rever.-ed, and in case he fails no additional fee is to be 
 charged, said Blackwell, further agreeing that in case 
 he gets the judgment reversed, and this county is again sued 
 for the claim of Mercer county to defend the case without 
 additional fee." 
 
 A tax of three mills was assessed for the year 1847. of 
 which one-half was devoted to road purposes. A fiscal state- 
 ment made June, 1847, shows the county and road tax for 
 1846 to amount to $5985.65. The amount paid over by the 
 collector, less commission, was $2871.96. Due from docket 
 fees and fines, $127.50. Delinquent list allowed, $33.60. 
 Specie in treasury, 11.35. Outstanding county orders, 
 $1328.47. 
 
 TWENTIETH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 John M. Campbell, John F. Allphin, James P. Black, 
 August, 1847, November, 1847. 
 12 
 
 George L. Greer was appointed to make an index to the 
 county records, and was paid three hundred dollars for the 
 work. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 John M. Campbell, James P. Black, Robert H. Rose, 
 1847-1849. 
 
 The tax levy for 1848 was increased to forty cents on the 
 one hundred dollars, twenty-five cents for county purposes, 
 and fifteen cents for roads. Outstanding orders against the 
 county on the 1st of March, 1848, amounted to $2862.88. 
 The county tax due for 1847 was $1762.65 ; road tax not 
 worked out, $595.17; cash in treasury, $61.35; and from 
 fines, &c.,$2850. The balance against the county was $415.- 
 21. 
 
 John M. Campbell was elected county commissioner in 
 August, 1848. 
 
 The tax levy for 1849 was made forty cents on every one 
 hundred dollars of real and personal property for county 
 purposes, and ten cents additional on every one hundred 
 dollars of real estate for the maintenance of the roads. A 
 fiscal statement made in March, 1849, showed a balance 
 against the county of $250.69. 
 
 The time of the county commissioners at this period was 
 principally occupied in the location of roads, the granting of 
 licenses providing for the pay of judges and clerks of elec- 
 tions, and other routine matters. Whether, or not, the coun- 
 ty officers performed their duties better than their predeces- 
 sors, no suggestions at least appear on the records, as was the 
 case in former years, of suits to be brought against them 
 for their failure to properly discharge their duties. 
 
 The 1st of December, 1849, brought to a close the old 
 system of boards of county commissioners. The new con- 
 stitution of the state substituted instead county courts, com- 
 posed of one judge and two associate justices, to be elected 
 for a term of four years. On the 8th of September, 1849 
 the commissioners held their last session. 
 
 FIRST COUNTY COURT — 1849-1853. 
 
 William Ellis, county judge ; Joseph N. Ward and John 
 M. Campbell, associate justices. 
 
 The first county court of Schuyler county convened on 
 the third day of December, 1849. The county had a number 
 of paupers on hand at this time, and frequent orders and 
 allowances are made for their benefit. It appearing that 
 the county clerk had not furnished the supervisors of the 
 road districts with the lists of the road tax in their respective 
 districts, in consequence of the laws of 1849, under which 
 the levy was made, not reaching the county till August, and 
 " as it is now too late in the season to make and send out 
 said lists, so as td have the same worked out as provided by 
 law; and as it appears that the expense of collecting said 
 road tax would nearly equal the amount to be collected 
 from nonresidents; " the court, therefore, orders that the 
 levy made by the county commissioners in March, 1849, for 
 road purposes, be rescinded, and the sheriff be authorized to 
 refund any part of the tax that he may have collected. The 
 fiscal statement for March, 1850, is as follows:
 
 90 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Expenditures March 1, 1849, to March 1, 1850, 
 Revenue due from sherifffor 1848, 
 Revenue for 1849, 
 Fines, jury and docket fees collectable, 
 
 $4447 53 
 
 835.97 
 
 5620.43 
 
 75.00 
 
 $6531.40 
 County order and jury certificate unredeemed Mar. 1, 1850, 5466.35 
 
 Balance in favor of the county, 
 
 $1065.05 
 
 The tax levy for 1850 was two and a half mills on all real 
 and personal property for county purposes, and two mills on 
 real estate for road purposes. 
 
 In June, 1850, the county judges contracted with Robert 
 H. Burton to keep a free ferry " at the old crossing at Bur- 
 ton & Montgomery's mill, on the road leading from Mt. 
 Sterling to Rushville," for twenty dollars, for three months 
 This arrangement only lasted three months. 
 
 At the November election, in 1849, a vote was taken on 
 the question of township organization. The whole number 
 of votes cast is stated on the records at 1495. For township 
 organization, 673; against township organization, 205; ma- 
 jority for township organization, 468. In a legal opinion 
 furnished the county court on request, R. S. Blackwell, Esq., 
 states that the county court might continue to exercise its 
 functions until a board of supervisors meet in November, 
 1850 ; and, meanwhile, the constitutionality of the law and 
 the legality of the township organization in Schuyler county 
 might be tested before the supreme court. The supreme 
 court decided that township organization was not adopted 
 in any county unless a majority of all the votes cast in the 
 county were in its favor. This was not the case in Schuyler 
 county ; out of 1495 votes cast at the election only 673 be- 
 ing in favor of township organization. The county court 
 system, therefore, continued in existence. The question was 
 again submitted at the election in November, 1850. The 
 result was : For township organization, 459. Whole num- 
 ber of votes cast, 1214. The measure was, therefore, again 
 lost. 
 
 The care of paupers had heretofore been given to different 
 individuals. On the fifth of ^December, 1850, appears the 
 following order in reference to the purchase of a farm and 
 the establishment of a poor-house : 
 
 " Whereas the pauper population has been on the increase 
 for several years past, and is likely to continue to do so, as 
 the population of the county increases ; and whereas there 
 are but few facilities for the support and maintenance of 
 that unfortunate and truly to be pitied portion of our com- 
 munity : and whereas, under the present system of support- 
 ing them the county is put to great and unnecessary ex- 
 pense for the want of a poor-house ; and whereas the com- 
 fort of the pauper can not be as well secured under the 
 present system ; and whereas we believe that by the county's 
 laying a small annual tax for a few years, a farm could be 
 purchased and all the necessary buildings erected, and that, 
 by so doing, the county would save hundreds of dollars an- 
 nually, and the happiness and comfort of that unfortunate 
 portion of society would be greatly enhanced." 
 
 " Therefore, ordered, that there be levied a tax of one 
 
 mill on each and every dollar of assessed property in Schuy- 
 ler county for the year 1850 ; and it is further ordered, that 
 the clerk extend the said tax in the collector's books, to be 
 collected as other county taxes are collected, and when col- 
 lected to be held as a fund for the purchase of land on which 
 to erect a poor-house and other necessary buildings thereon, 
 at such times as this court may hereafter determine^" 
 
 In January, 1851, the court made an agreement with 
 Samuel Grubb, of Springfield, to erect a covered bridge over 
 Crooked creek at Haskell's or West's ferry, and a similar 
 bridge over Sugar creek at Schuyler city, for seven thousand 
 dollars. The first thousand dollars, in county orders, were 
 paid to Grubb on the 5th of March, 1851. 
 
 The Rushville Library Association was incorporated, a3 
 appears from the records, in March, 1851. 
 
 The tax levy for 1851 was four mills on real and personal 
 property for county purposes ; two mills on real estate for 
 roads ; and one-half a mill on real and personal property 
 for the poor-house The fiscal statement for March, 1851, is 
 as follows : 
 
 County orders and jury certificates issued March 1, 1850, to 
 
 March 1, 1851, . . . $5587.54 
 
 Receipts during same period, • . . 4816 09i 
 
 Outstanding and unredeemed orders, . . 4746.95 
 
 Assets, . . . . 4497.50 
 
 The tax levy for 1852 was the same as that for the pre- 
 vious year. The fiscal statement for March, 1852, shows 
 that for the year ending March 1st, the county orders and 
 jury certificates issued amounted to' $9946.24. The county 
 orders, jury certificates, and county clerk's certificates of 
 non-resident tax outstanding and unredeemed, on the first 
 of March, 1852, amounted to $7766.84. The building of the 
 brige across Crooked creek at Haskell's ferry and the bridge 
 across Sugar creek at Schuyler City, completed in Decem- 
 ber, 1851, and for which county orders were issued to the 
 amount of seven thousand dollars, made an unfavorable 
 balance against the county for the year. On the first of 
 March. 1852, the county had on its hands four permanent 
 paupers, for whose support from one dollar and a-half to two 
 dollars and a-half per week were paid. Temporary relief 
 was also afforded to a number of others. 
 
 The fiscal statement for March, 1853, was as follows : 
 
 County orders issued March |1, 1852 to March 1, 1853 . 
 * " outstanding March 1, 1853 
 
 redeemed March 1, 1852, to March 1, 1853 . 
 
 •8,014.89 
 7,634.84 
 
 15,649.73 
 7,941.00 
 
 " " outstanding March 1, 1853 7,708.73 
 
 The county, road and poorhouse tax for the year 1852 
 amounted to 88,179.66. In June, 1853, the county court 
 in conjunction with the county court of Brown county, con- 
 tracted with George Clark, of Brown county, for the build- 
 ing of a bridge over Crooked creek at Ripley for five thou- 
 sand dollars. The bridge to be one hundred and forty feet 
 between the piers, and to be enclosed and roofed a length 
 of one hundred and sixty feet.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 91 
 
 In September, 1853, the court granted the right of way 
 from Frederick to Ruhville to the Frederick Ferry Dyke 
 and Plank Road Company, with permission to the company 
 to erect toll gates and collect toll on the road it proposed 
 constructing between Frederick and Rushville. William 
 Ellis, the county judge, objected to this concession on the 
 ground that the company was bound by its charter to 
 establish a ferry and make dykes across the bottoms of the 
 Illinois river, on both sides of the river, from highland to 
 highland, and until said ferry and dykes were established 
 the company had no right to operate a road from Frederick 
 to Rushville. 
 
 SECOND county court. 1853-1854. 
 
 William Ellis, county judge ; Peter C. Vance, associate 
 justice; John Brown, associate justice William Ellis was 
 re-elected county judge in November, 1853, and John Brown 
 and Peter C. Vance were elected associate justices. Nathan 
 Moore was re-elected clerk. 
 
 The question of township organization was again submit- 
 ted to the voters of the county at this election. The whole 
 number of votes cast wa3 1537. For township organization 
 780. Against township organization 261. The measure 
 having received a majority of the whole number of votes 
 polled, the county court on the eighth of December, 1853, 
 appointed John C. Bagby, I. N. Ward, and Jesse Darnell, 
 commissioners to divide the county into towns, or townships, 
 as provided by the township organization act. The present 
 division with minor changes is the result. 
 
 The fiscal statement for March, 1854, shows : 
 
 Amount of taxes for 1852 $8198.69 
 
 Received from fines 31.00 
 
 " ferry licenses .54.50 
 
 " " grocery licenses 200.00 
 
 Cash in treasury 9.08 
 
 County and Special taxes, 1853, 8870.65 
 
 $17,363.92 
 
 Appropriations for the year, $9139.08 ; county orders and 
 jury certificates redeemed, $8484.19 ; orders outstanding, 
 March 1, 1853, $7708.73. 
 
 The assessment list for 1853 shows the following items, 
 from which the wealth of the county at that time in com- 
 parison with the present may be accurately judged : 
 
 Number of horses, 3005 value 1123.813 
 
 " " cattle, 6914 . " 66.675 
 
 " " mules and asses, 190 ... " 4,750 
 
 " " sheep, 6266 " 7,391 
 
 " " hogs, 11,091 " 22,444 
 
 " " carriages and wagons, 1098 " ...."... 36,121 
 
 " " clocks and watches, 997 . " 6,446 
 
 " " Pianos, 7 ,' 1,105 
 
 Goods and Merchandise 79,315 
 
 Manufactured articles 5,215 
 
 Moneys and credits 115,522 
 
 Property not enumerated ] 15,036 
 
 Amount of deductions 5,683 
 
 Total taxable property 578.150 
 
 Total taxable town lots 164.340 
 
 " " lands 1067.640 
 
 Total taxable property £1,810,130 
 
 Such was the condition of the county when township or- 
 ganization went into effect. 
 
 FIR8T BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1854-1855. 
 
 Township organization having been adopted, the first 
 board of supervisors met on the 1 1th day of September, 1854. 
 The division of the county into townships, and the represen- 
 tative of each township on the board of supervisors is thus 
 given : 
 
 Oakland, supervisor, Nicholas Pittenger ; Littleton, super- 
 visor James DeWitt; Brooklyn, supervisor, C. M. Leach; 
 Birmingham, supervisor, James G. King ; Huntsville, sup- 
 ervisor, William T. Clark ; Camden, supervisor, I. G. Cady ; 
 Beuna Vista, supervisor, John Mitcheltree ; Rushville, super- 
 visor, Charles Neill ; Browning, supervisor, John Bogue ; 
 Hickory, supervisor, Amos Hart; Frederick, supervisor, 
 Anthony Messerer ; Bainbridge, supervisor, Allen Persinger ; 
 Woodstock, supervisor, John Brown. 
 
 John Brown was chosen chairman of the board. The 
 committee on finance reported on the 15th of September, 
 1854, the total indebtedness of the county to be $9651.89. 
 The assets of the county amounted to $1,592 15, leaving a 
 balance against the county of $7,969.74. A county tax 
 of thirty-five and two-thirds cents on each one hundred 
 dollars of real and personal property was levied for the year 
 1854. George W. Metz became a member of the board from 
 Rushville township in March, 1855. The swamp and over- 
 flowed lauds of the county were divided into three classes, 
 and appraised respectfully at ninety, fifty and ten cents per 
 acre. Some of these lands were sold at public auction in 
 September, 1855. 
 
 In March, 1855, there had been collected under the poor- 
 house tax levies for the years 1850, 1851, 1852 and 1853, 
 the sum of $3802.56, and there were in cash in the treasury, 
 $2907.94. The treasurer was directed to charge himself with 
 the last amount as a " Poor-house Fund," and to hold the 
 same subject to the order of the board. On the 30th of 
 March, 1855, the board resolved on the purchase, from John 
 •Mitcheltree, of the southeast quarter of section 26, township 
 2 north, range 2 west, for the sum of three thousand six hun- 
 dred dollars, to be used as a farm for the support of paupers. 
 The board voted ten in the affirmative and one in the nega- 
 tive. The poor-house was opened for the reception of pau- 
 pers on the 25th day of June, 1855, under the management 
 Michael G. Standeford. 
 
 P. E. Veatch, in March, 1855, filled the vacancy in the 
 board caused by the death of William T. Clark, of Hunts- 
 ville township. 
 
 SECOND BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1855-1856. 
 
 Oakland township, Nicholas Pittenger ; Littleton town- 
 ship, James DeWitt ; Brooklyn township, Robert Blackburn ; 
 Birmingham towuship, James G. King; Huntsville town-
 
 92 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ship, P. E. Veatch ; Camden township, S. S. Benson ; Beuna 
 Vista township, John Mitcheltree ; Rushville township. J. 
 D. Maulove : Browning township, John M. Campbell ; Hick- 
 ory township, Amos Hart; Frederick township, Anthony 
 Meserer; Bainbridge township, A. Persinger; Woodstock 
 township, John Brown. 
 
 John Brown was again elected chairman. The committee 
 on finance in September, 1855, reported the amount of out- 
 standing county orders to be $5694 00. The total indebted- 
 ness of the county is calculated at $7427.00. A county tax 
 of thirty-three cents on the one hundred dollars was levied 
 for the year 1855. An additional levy was made in each 
 township for township purposes, varying from two cents on 
 the one hundred dollars in Rushville township to thirteen 
 cents in Browning. 
 
 THIRD BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1856-1857. 
 
 Oakland township, Nicholas Pittenger; Littleton town- 
 ship, E. D. Wells ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; 
 Birmingham township, James G. King ; Huntsville township, 
 Thomas J. Poe ; Camden township, Luke P. Allphin ; Beuna 
 Vista township, Thomas J.Wilson ; Rushville township, Peter 
 C. Vance; Browning township, Thomas J. Kinney; Hickory 
 township, Daniel Sheldon ; Frederick township, Anthony 
 Meserer; Bainbridge township, Isaac Black; Woodstock 
 township, John Brown. 
 
 John Brown was chosen chairman. Five acres on the 
 southeast corner of the poor farm were leased to the Schuyler 
 County Agricultural Society for twenty-five years, at a rental 
 of twenty-five cents a year. 
 
 The fiscal statement for September, 1856, showed the in- 
 debtedness of the county to be S1976.50. The probable ex- 
 penses for the year were placed at $1500.00. The amount 
 proposed to be raised for a new jail was S' r >00. Total 
 amount required for county purposes, $5976.50. The assess- 
 ment of real and personal property was $-,620,608.00. A 
 county tax of twenty-eight cents on the one hundred dollars 
 was levied, producing a revenue for the year of $7337.70. 
 
 In January, 1857, a contract was made with Jeremiah 
 Stumm for the building of a new jail at the cost of $644-1. 
 
 At an election on the 1st day of May, 1854, a majority of 
 the voters of the county voted in favor of subscribing seventy- 
 five thousand dollars to the stock of the Peoria and Hanni- 
 bal railroad company. The board of supervisors in March, 
 1857, instructed the chairman of the board to subscribe for 
 such an amount of the stock of the company, with the restric- 
 tion that such stock shall not be used in the superstructure 
 of said road out of the county of Schuyler, nor until said 
 superstructure is in a fair way of completion to said county. 
 The chairman was instructed to attend the meeting of the 
 stockholders of the railroad company at Vermont, April, 
 1857, to subscribe for the stock on such conditions, and to 
 pav five per cent, of such subscription in the bonds of the 
 county 
 
 FOURTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1857-1858. 
 
 Oakland township, Nicholas Pittenger ; Littleton town- 
 ship, Edward D. Wells; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leon- 
 ard ; Birmingham township, Solomon T. Twidwell; Hunts- 
 
 ville township, Thomas J. Poe; Camden township, Luke P. 
 Allphin; Buena Vista township, Thomas J. Wilson ; Rush- 
 ville township, Peter C. Vance ; Browning township, Thomas 
 J. Kinney ; Hickory township, Daniel Sheldon ; Frederick 
 township, Anthony Meserer; Bainbridge township, Isaac 
 Black ; Woodstock township, John Brown. 
 
 John Brown was again chosen chairman. The agent for 
 the poor-house reported ten paupers in that establishment. 
 
 The finance committee, September, 1857, reported amount 
 
 of outstanding county orders $525 00 
 
 Appropriations at September term, 1857 1,641 44 
 
 To be paid for completion of jail 4,000 00 
 
 Probable expenses of county till next revenue 2,500 00 
 
 $S,666 64 
 
 The assessment of taxable property in the county had in- 
 creased to about three millions of dollars. A county tax of 
 thirty three cents on the one hundred dollars was levied for 
 the year 1857. The tax for township purposes varied from 
 two cents in Rushville to fifteen in Buena Vista township. 
 
 The question of subscribing to the stock of the Rock 
 Island and Alton railroad was submitted to the voters of 
 the county at an election in April, 1856. The proposition 
 having been carried, the board of supervisors in September, 
 1857, authorized the chairman of the board to subscribe 
 seventy-five thousand dollars to the capital stock of the com- 
 pany, and ordered that county bonds be issued for the first 
 five per cent of said subscription, payable in twenty years, 
 and bearing seven per cent interest. 
 
 In March, 1*58, there is an order of the board, stating 
 that " wher< a~ it was the impression of this board at their 
 September term, 1857, that the work on said road was then 
 to progress in the county," and " whereas, it is now ascer- 
 tained that the aforesaid impressions were incorrect, and 
 that said road is not up to the present time located in said 
 county," therefore the chairman of the board '• be instructed 
 to suspend all proceedings in relation to said subscription 
 and bonds until the work is in actual progress in said county, 
 as required by the terms of the order submitting the same to 
 a vote." 
 
 In July, 1858, it was resolved to issue bonds to the amount 
 of $37,500 for the stock voted to the Rock Island and 
 Alton railroad company, to be placed in the hands of the 
 treasurer, and by him delivered to the railroad company as 
 needed, provided the same be expended in the county and 
 upon the route as then located ; the bonds to draw no in- 
 terest till delivered to the railroad company. 
 
 December, 1857, John Brown was appointed commis- 
 sioner, to act in conjunction with a commissioner from Brown 
 county, "to examine and ascertain what portion of each sec- 
 tion, or parcel of land is situated in each county." 
 
 FIFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1858-1859. 
 
 Oakland township, Nicholas Pittenger; Littleton town- 
 ship, Edward D. Wells ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leon- 
 ard ; Birmingham township, James G. King ; Huntsville 
 township, Thomas J. Poe ; Camden township, Luke P. All-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 93 
 
 phin ; Buena Vista township, Simon Doyle ; Rushville town- 
 ship, Peter C. Vance ; Browning township, John M. Camp- 
 bell ; Hickory township, Daniel Sheldon ; Frederick town- 
 ship, Anthony Meserer ; Bainbridge township, Isaac Black ; 
 Woodstock township, John Howell. 
 
 Samuel Leonard was elected chairman of the board. The 
 finance committee report September, 1858, the amount of 
 county orders outstanding to be §2,271.42. The probable 
 expenses for the remainder of the current year were estima- 
 ted at $2 500. Iuterest on the Rock Island and Alton 
 railroad bonds, $2,025. A tax of twenty-three (23) cents 
 on the one hundred dollars was levied to defray the expenses 
 of the county, and of ten cents to meet the railroad bond 
 interest. 
 
 8IXTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1859-1860. 
 
 Oakland township, John Young ; Littleton township, Ed- 
 ward D. Wells ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Bir- 
 mingham township, Solomon Twidwell ; Huutsville town- 
 ship, James Baxter ; Camden township, Luke P. Allphin ; 
 Buena Vista township, Simon Doyle ; Rushville township, 
 John C. Scripps ; Browning township, John M. Campbell ; 
 Hickory township, Lewis Price ; Frederick township, Jesse 
 Darnell ; Bainbridge township, George Strong ; Woodstock 
 township, James H. Browning. 
 
 Samuel Leonard made chairman. On the fifteenth of 
 September, 1859, the board authorized an issue of bonds to 
 the amount of $33,750, (a bond of $3,750. had previously 
 been issued) to the Peoria and Hannibal railroad com- 
 pany, to draw interest from April 1, 1859, and $37,500, 
 to draw interest from April 1, 1860. This made the 
 $75,000, which the county had voted to subscribe to the 
 Peoria and Hannibal company. On the same day authority 
 was given for the issue of $37,500 additional bonds to the 
 Rock Island anH Alton railroad company, which completed 
 the subscription of $75,000 to that road. 
 
 The report of the finance committee in September, 1859, 
 stated the amount necessary for the year to meet outstand- 
 ing county orders and county expenses to be $7,117.25, and 
 the amount necessary to meet interest on railroad bonds, 
 $8,840, assessment for the year, $2,482,420.20. A tax of 
 twenty-nine cents on the hundred dollars was levied for 
 county purposes, and of thirty-seven cents to meet the in- 
 terest on the railroad indebtedness, a total of sixty-six cents 
 on the one hundred dollars. This made the rate of taxation 
 higher than ever before known in Schuyler county. 
 
 A strong opposition to the payment of these railroad bonds 
 soon became manifest. The board on the first of February, 
 1860, after reciting that a portion of the people of the county 
 regarded the subscription by the county to the capital stock 
 of Rock Island and Alton railroad company illegal, and 
 that the validity of the bonds ought properly be determined 
 by the supreme judicial tribunals of the State, order that the 
 tax levy to meet the interest on these bonds be rescinded, 
 that any such tax already collected be returned to the tax 
 payers, that all such bonds, signed and not actually delivered, 
 be returned and cancelled, and that no more bonds be issued, 
 nor any further tax levied till the questions involved be 
 
 settled by the supreme court- A notice, giving the action 
 of the board, was directed to be published in the " Rushville 
 Times" and the "Schuyler Citizen." 
 
 SEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1860-1861. 
 
 Oakland township, Stephen Walker; Littleton township. 
 Edward D. Wells : Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; 
 Birmingham township, Solomon Twidwell ; Huntsville, 
 township, James Baxter ; Camden township, Luke P. All- 
 phin ; Buena Vista township, Simon Doyle ; Rushville town- 
 ship, John C. Scripps ; Browning township, James Parish ; 
 Hickory township, Lswis Price ; Frederick township, W. A. 
 J. Black ; Bainbridge township, Allen Persinger ; Wood- 
 stock township, James H. Browning. 
 
 Samuel Leonard was chosen chairman. In September, 
 1860, the board agreed to pay the publishers of each of the 
 newspapers in the county twenty-five dollars annually for 
 printing in their papers the proceedings of the board, "so 
 that the people may know more fully how the public funds 
 are expended. 
 
 The finance committee reported that it was necessary to 
 raise $5304.80 to meet the expenses of the county for the 
 year. A tax of twenty-three cents on the one hundred dol- 
 lars was levied for county expenses. A tax of four cents 
 on the one hundred dollars was levied to pay interest on the 
 bonds issued to the Peoria and Hannibal railroad. The 
 finance committee recommended also that a tax be levied to 
 meet the interest on the bonds already issued to the Rock 
 Island and Alton railroad ($59,000,) on the ground that 
 the committee were satisfied that the interest on the bonds 
 would ultimately have to be paid; if withheld would been forc- 
 ed by legal process ; " thereby increasing the enormous lia- 
 bility of the county a thousand or more dollars for court 
 costs and attorneys' fees, and further increase the almost in- 
 sufferable burden of taxation imposed upon the people by 
 allowing three or four years of back interest to accumulate 
 to be provided for by one year's taxation." The committee 
 go on to say that the bond was regularly issued, except that 
 the county had no authority to make them payable in New 
 York, but that they were not for that reason invalid. The 
 board thought best to refuse this recommendation. It was also 
 resolved that no more bonds be issued to the Peoria and 
 Hannibal railroad company. 
 
 EIGHTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1861-1862 
 
 Oakland township, Stephen Walker ; Littleton township- 
 Hosea Davis; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Birm- 
 ingham township, William Dron ; Huntsville township 
 William S. Nelson; Camden township, Luke P. Allphin; 
 Buena Vista township, John L. Moore ; Rushville township, 
 James L. Anderson ; Browning township, John M. Camp- 
 bell; Hickory township, Lewis Price; Frederick township, 
 Walter A. J. Black ; Bainbridge township, Isaac Black ; 
 Woodstock township, John C. Brown. 
 
 Samuel Leonard was again elected chairman of the 
 board. Warren & Wheat, for legal services in the cause of 
 the Rock Island and Alton railroad company against the 
 county, were paid $1042.44.
 
 94 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 A county tax of thirty cents on one hundred dollars was 
 levied in 1861. This included provision for the payment of 
 interest on bonds issued to the Peoria and Hannibal railroad 
 company amounting to $3,000. Bonds to the amount of 
 $25,000 had been issued to that company, but of these 
 only $3000 had been sold. The agent of the railroad 
 company gave assurance that no interest would be exacted 
 on the remainder of the bonds in the hands of the company, 
 yet unsold, as long as no progress was made in building the 
 railroad. 
 
 On the 1st of March, 1862 the supervisors put in force 
 an ordinance taxing dogs, which on petition of citizens of 
 the county was shortly afterwards repealed. 
 
 The finance committee having been instructed to inquire 
 " into the cause of the present depreciation of county orders, 
 and to report what action may be necessary by the board to 
 maintain the credit of the county, and to secure the orders 
 from their present ruinous depreciation," reported that in 
 September, 1861 the balance against the county was only 
 §90.46 ; that the depreciation of orders did not arise from 
 the failure of the board of supervisors to make ample pro- 
 vision for the liabilities of the county, but from the fact that 
 the late treasurer had failed to pay over to his successor the 
 sum of $2,768 in his hands, in consequence of which the 
 present treasurer had no funds with which to redeem orders. 
 They reported that the outstanding liabilities and current 
 expenses for the year 1862 would amount together to $10,- 
 860. The maximum levy of forty cents to the one hun- 
 dred dollars of taxable property would only raise $9096, 
 with the probability that the depreciation in taxable property 
 then going on would still further increase the deficiency. 
 The committee could see no better way out of the difficulty 
 than to make arrangements with some individual holders of 
 orders to the amount of about two thousand dollars, to with- 
 hold them from circulation on the agreement of the county 
 to pay interest thereon. 
 
 NINTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1862-1863. 
 
 Oakland township, Samuel Hickam ; Littleton township, 
 James Prather ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Bir- 
 mingham township, William Dron ; Huntsville township, 
 William S. Nelson ; Camden township, John M. Campbell ; 
 Buena Vista township, John A. Young ; Rushville township, 
 James A. Teal ; Browning township, John M* Campbell ; 
 Hickory township, William Robertson ; Frederick township 
 Walter A. J. Block ; Bainbridge township, Simon J. Grist ; 
 Woodstock township, John C. Brown. 
 
 Samuel Leonard was elected chairman. 
 
 The finance committee, in September, 1862, recommended 
 that the interest on the $3000 of bonds issued to the 
 Peoria and Hannibal railroad be met from the proceeds of 
 the sale of swamp land. A county tax levy of forty-five 
 cents on the one hundred dollars was made. The additional 
 tax for township purposes varied from nothing in Birm- 
 ingham, to fifteen cents in Frederick township. 
 
 TENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1863-1864. 
 
 Oakland township, Enoch Gilham ; Littleton township, 
 
 James Prather ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Bir- 
 mingham township, William Dron ; Huntsville township, 
 William S. Nelson ; Camden township, Cyrus W. Morrell ; 
 Buena Vista township, Samuel S. Benson ; Rushville town- 
 shiw, James A. Teal ; Browning township, John M. Camp- 
 bell; Hickory township, William Robertson; Frederick 
 township, Walter A. J. Black; Bainbridge township, Isaac 
 Black; Woodstock township, William P. Thompson. 
 
 John M. Campwell was chosen chairman of the Board. 
 March, 1864, a bounty of eight dollars was offered on all 
 scalps of wolves "started, hunted and killed in Schuyler 
 county, or started and hunted in Schuyler county and final- 
 ly killed in an adjoining county." In December, 1863, the 
 board contracted with William D. Luptou for the erection of 
 a dwelling house on the poor farm foi the sum of $3,257. 
 Lupten was paid $1,500. In the June following he was re- 
 leased from this contract on the condition that he return the 
 $1,500. The same month the erection of a one-story 
 frame building, containing two rooms, was authorized. 
 
 ELEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1864 -1865. 
 
 Oakland township, Euoch Gillham ; Littleton township, 
 Hosea Davis ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard; Bir- 
 mingham township, William Dron ; Huntsville township, 
 Henry Cady ; Camden township, Isaac G. Cady ; Buena 
 Vista township, Simon Doyle; Rushville township, George 
 M. Greer ; Browning township, Benjamin Walton ; Hickory 
 township, Robert Darling ; Frederick township, Walter A. 
 J. Black ; Bainbridge township, Isaac Black ; Woodstock 
 township, William P. Thompson; 
 
 Euocu G. 1 am was chosen chairman. The indebtedness 
 of the county on the first of September, 1864, amounted to 
 $5,232.63. 1'lie estimated expenses for the remainder of the 
 year were $3,555.54; making a total of $8,788.17. A 
 county tax of thirty cents on the one hundred dollars w as 
 levied. Besides the usual additional tax in each township 
 for township purposes, a special tax of five cents on the one 
 hundred dollars was levied for the relief of the poor in each 
 township, " si.id fund to be expended under the supervision 
 and direction of the supervisor of said township." 
 
 TWELFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1865-1866. 
 
 Oakland township, Stephen Walker ; Littleton township, 
 Joseph Walker ; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Bir- 
 mingham township, William Dron ; Huntsville township, 
 Henry Cady ; Camden township, Isaac G. Cady ; Buena 
 Vista township, Simon Doyle; Rushville township, George 
 W. Metz ; Browning township, Stephen Strong ; Hickory 
 township, Robert Darling; Frederick township, Walter A. 
 J. Black ; Bainbridge township, Simon J. Grist ; Wood- 
 stock township, William P. Thompson. 
 
 George W. Metz was chosen chairman. In September, 
 1865, the sum of one thousand dollars was appropriated to the 
 repair of the court house. The finance committee reported 
 the amount necessary to be provided for the year as $7,350. 
 A county tax of thirty cents on the one hundred dol- 
 lars was levied on the real and personal property of the 
 county which was assessed at $2,384,260.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 95 
 
 It having been learned that the holders of the Schuyler 
 county bonds issued to the Rock Island and Alton Railroad 
 were about to commence suit in the United States courts 
 against the county, and recent decisions, in similar cases, 
 indicating that the collection of the bonds might be enforced, 
 the board of supervisors ordered that the opinion of emi- 
 nent legal counsel be obtained as to the liability of the 
 county. The firms of Stewart, Edwards and Brown, of 
 Springfield, and Skinner and Marsh, of Quincy, were each 
 paid one hundred dollars for a legal opinion to the effect 
 that it would be to the interest of the county to compromise 
 the bonds. September sixteenth, 1865, a committee was ap- 
 pointed on the part of the board of supervisors to confer 
 with the holders of the railroad bonds, and ascertain the 
 terms and conditions on which a compromise could be effect- 
 ed, and the bonds taken up and caueclled. On the four- 
 teenth of December, 1865, the committee reported the terms 
 of compromise of the holders of the Rock Island and Alton 
 bonds to be one-half of the principal and interest of said 
 bonds. In March, 1866, a compromise was finally effected, 
 the holders of the bonds issued to the Rock Island and Alton 
 Railroad Company surrendering the old bonds, and receiv- 
 ing in lieu thereof new bonds, at the rate of fifty cents on 
 the dollar face value, drawing interest at the rate of five per 
 cent. Old bonds to the amount of $45,000 were at once 
 surrendered to the county, and $22,500 in new bonds 
 issued in their place. 
 
 THIRTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1866-1837. 
 
 Oakland township, Israel Hills ; Littleton township, Hosea 
 Davis; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Birmingham 
 township, William Dron ; Huntsville township, Samuel S. 
 Benson ; Camden township, Abner Murphy ; Buena Vista 
 township, John F. Davis ; Rushville township, Ludwell H. 
 Damaree ; Browning township, Jonathan Reno ; Hickory 
 township, Wakeman Thompson ; Frederick township, Charles 
 M. Grimwood ; Bainbridge township, George W. Strong ; 
 Woodstock township, William P. Thompson. Ludwell H. 
 Demaree was chosen chairman. A county tax of fifty cents 
 on the one hundred dollars was levied for the year 1866. 
 
 FOURTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1867-1868. 
 
 Oakland township, Isreal Hills ; Littletown township, 
 Hosea Davis; Brooklyn township, Samuel Leonard ; Bir- 
 mingham township, William C McCreery ; Huntsville town- 
 ship, Samuel S. Benson ; Camden township, Arthur L. 
 Wells; Buena Visia township, Simon Doyle; Rushville 
 township, Ludwell H. Damaree ; Browning township, Jona- 
 than Reno ; Hickory township, Wakeman Thompson , Fred- 
 erick township, Charles M. Grimwood ; Bainbridge township; 
 George W.Campbell; Woodstock township, William P. 
 Thompson. Ludwell H. Demaree was elected chairman. 
 A tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars was levied 
 for county purposes in 1867. 
 
 The county had brought suit against the president and 
 directors of the Peoria and Hannibal Railroad Company, 
 for a return of the bonds issued to that company. A con- 
 siderable amount was paid to Skinner and Marsh, of Quincy, 
 
 for attorney's fees. A settlement of the suit was effected in 
 accordance with which the Circuit Court of Schuyler county, at 
 the October term, 1867, decreed, by consent, that the rail- 
 road surrender the old bonds to the county, and that the 
 county issue instead, bonds io the amount of S73.000, dated 
 July the first, 1868, to draw six per cent, interest, and that 
 such bonds be placed in hands of the trustees, who 
 were to deliver them to the railroad company, as progress 
 was made in building their road, from the east line of 
 Schuyler county to Rushville. Bonds to the amount of four 
 thousand dollars were to be delivered to the railroad com- 
 pany when two miles of the road, extending southwestward- 
 ly from the county line, was ready for the iron, and a given 
 number of the bonds as each successive mile of the road was 
 completed, and when the road should be finished to Rush- 
 ville, and railroad communication established with Chicago, 
 or some eastern point, the residue of the bonds should be 
 delivered to the railroad company. 
 
 FIFTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1868-1869. 
 
 Oakland township, Richard Ashcraft ; Littleton town- 
 ship, Hosea Davis ; Brooklyn township, Beuham Bristol ; 
 Birmingham township, John T. Wyckoff; Huntsville 
 township, John W. Scott; Camden township, E. L. Fuller ; 
 Buena Vista township, G. B. Sharp ; Rushville township, 
 Ludwell H. Demaree; Browning township, John M. Camp- 
 bell ; Hickory township, Samuel Burrell ; Frederick town- 
 ship, Charles M. Grimwood ; Bainbridge township, George 
 W. Campbell ; Woodstock township, William P. Thompson. 
 John M. Campbell was elected chairman. 
 
 In a suit of William F. Weld vs. the Board of Super- 
 visors of Schuyler county, in the Circuit Court of the United 
 States for the Southern District of Illinois, judgment having 
 been obtained establishing the validity of the bonds issued 
 to the Rock Island and Alton Railroad Company in the 
 hands of an innocent holder, a compromise was effected in 
 September, 1868, by which bonds to the amount of 811,500, 
 held by Weld, were returned and cancelled, and in their 
 stead new bonds issued according to the terms of a compro- 
 mise on the basis of seventy-five cents on the dollar. A tax 
 of fifty cents on each one hundred dollars was levied in 1868 
 to defray county expenses ; also a special tax of thirty-five 
 cents to pay the county indebtness, and a special tax of ten 
 cents to build a new house on the poor farm. 
 
 SIXTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1869-1870. 
 
 Oakland township, Israel Hills ; Littleton township, Hosea 
 Davis ; Brooklyn township, Benham Bristol ; Birmingham 
 township, W. T. McCreery ; Huntsville township, John W. 
 Scott ; Camden township, E. L. Fuller ; Buena Vista town- 
 ship, Isaac Linley ; Rushville township, Jonathan R. Neil ; 
 Browning township, Jonathan Reno ; Hickory township, 
 Samuel Burrel ; Frederick township, Jesse Darnell ; Bain- 
 bridge township, Adam Riggs ; Woodstock township, John 
 S.Stutsman. Jesse Darnell was chosen chairman. 
 
 A. L. Noble in March, 1870, took the place of Isaac 
 Linley as supervisor from Buena Vista township. The erec- 
 tion of a house on the poor farm was begun in the spring of
 
 96 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 1869, under the direction of a building committee appointed 
 by the board of supervisors. On the fifteenth of September. 
 1869, $6,461.78 had been expended, and the total cost of 
 the building was estimated at $10,000. The cost exceeded 
 this estimate. Thirty-five paupers were on the farm in Sep- 
 tember, 1869. 
 
 SEVENTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1870-1871. 
 
 Oakland township, Stephen Walker ; Littleton township, 
 John M. Dennis ; Brooklyn township, Henry W. Taylor ; 
 Birmingham township, William T. McCreery ; Huntsville 
 township, Zebulon Allphin ; Camden township, Eli Unger ; 
 Buena Vista township, A. L. Noble ; Rushville township, 
 John C. Scripps ; Browning township, William C. Venters; 
 Hickory township, Samuel Burrell ; Frederick township, 
 Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township, Adam M. Briggs ; 
 Woodstock township, John C. Brown. Jesse Darnell was 
 elected chairman, 
 
 The tax for defraying county expenses for the year 1870, 
 was fifty cents on the one hundred dollars, and for meeting 
 the indebtedness of the county forty-five cents on the one 
 hundred dollars. 
 
 EIGHTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1871-1872. 
 
 Oakland township, George Wheelhouse; Littleton town- 
 ship, James De Witt; Brooklyn township, Henry W. Tay- 
 lor; Birmingham township, Edward Whipple ; Huntsville 
 township, Zebulon Allphin; Camden township, Philander 
 Avery : Buena Vista township, Charles Ryan ; Rushville 
 township, Robert G. Walker ; Browning township, William 
 C. Reno ; Hickory township, Samuel Burrell ; Frederick 
 township, Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township, George W. 
 Campbell; Woodstock township, John S. Stutsman. 
 
 Jesse Darnell was elected chairman December, 1871. 
 John W. Curless was appointed a member of the board to 
 fill the vacancy caused by the death of Samuel Burrell of 
 Hickory township. The county tax for 1871 was $13,940.34. 
 After abatement commissions, etc., a net amount was paid 
 into the treasury of $12,796.33. 
 
 NINETEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1872-1873. 
 
 Oakland township, George Wheelhouse; Littleton town- 
 ship, James De Witt ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, William T. McCreery; Huntsville 
 township, A. J. Anderson ; Camden township, Philander 
 Avery ; BuenaVista township, Simon Doyle ; Rushville town- 
 ship, John H. Irvin ; Browning township, A. R. Marshall ; 
 Hickory township, John W. Curless ; Frederick township, 
 Emanuel Hinderer; Bainbridge township, George W. 
 Campbell ; Woodstock township, John Stutsman. 
 
 George W Campbell, on the seventh ballot, was elected 
 chairman. September, 1872, the salary of the circuit clerk 
 was fixed at twelve hundred dollars per annum with neces- 
 sary allowance for stationary and office expenses, the salaries 
 of the sheriff and treasurer at the same figure, and the 
 salaries of the county surveyor and coroner at one thousand 
 dollars per annum. September 1874, the salary of the 
 coroner was fixed at three hundred dollars, the sheriff's sal- 
 
 ary at fourteen hundred dollars, and the salary of the super- 
 intendant of schools at three hundred. The salary of the 
 treasurer was afterward reduced to seven hundred dollars as 
 was also that of the county surveyor. 
 
 TWENTIETH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1873-1874. 
 
 Oakland township, William Baxter ; Littleton township, 
 William Pollock ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, William T. McCreery; Huntsville 
 township, William H. H. Rader, Camden township, Phil- 
 ander Avery ; Buena Vista township, William R. McCreery ; 
 Rushville township, John H Irwin ; Browning township, 
 
 A. R. Marshall ; Hickory township, John W. Curless ; 
 Frederick township, Emanuel Hinderer ; Bainbridge town- 
 ship, John H. Lawler ; Woodstock township, John C 
 Brown. 
 
 William T. McCreery was made chairman. The finance 
 committee estimated the amount required to be raised by 
 the county for the year at $15,000, of this, |$11,000 was 
 intended to meet the current expenses of the county, and 
 $4,000 the cost of construction of the Schuyler bridge. 
 A levy for this amount was made. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1874-1875. 
 
 Oakland township, Henry J. Houston ; Littleton town 
 ship, William Pollock ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, William T. McCreery ; Huntsville 
 township, W. H. H. Rader ; Camden township, George E. 
 Harvey; Buena Vista township, John Tullis; Rushville 
 township, Robert McMaster ; Browning township, Sherman 
 
 B. Dray ; Hickory township, Valentine Fisher ; Frederick 
 township, Emanuel Hinderer ; Bainbridge township, Adam 
 Briggs ; Woodstock township, John S. Stutsman. 
 
 William T. McCreery was elected chairman of the board. 
 The sum of $12,000 was c Elected by taxation in 1874 as 
 revenue for ordinary county purposes. 
 
 TWENTY-SECOND BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1875-1876. 
 
 Oakland township, Henry E. Pemberton ; Littleton town- 
 ship, Hosea Davis : Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, Marcas Whetstone; Huntsville 
 township, Zebulon Allphin ; Camden township, James N. 
 Rigg ; Buena Vista, township, John H. Tullis ; Rushville 
 township, Edgar Anderson ; Browning township, Sherman 
 B. Dray; Hickory township, Valentine Fisher; Frederick 
 township, Walter A. J. Black; Bainbridge township, 
 Samuel Dodds ; Woodstock township, Perry Logsdon. 
 
 Sherman B. Dray was made chairman. December, 1875, 
 William T. McCreery was appointed a member of the board 
 from Birmingham township in place of Marcus Whetstone. 
 Ten thousand dollars was raised by taxation for county pur- 
 poses in 1875. 
 
 TWENTY-THIRD BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1876-1877. 
 
 Oakland township, Henry J. Houston ; Littleton town- 
 ship, Hosea Davis ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, William T. McCreery ; Huntsville 
 township, Andrew J. Anderson ; Camden township, James
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 97 
 
 N. Rigg ; Buena Vista township, John N. Roach ; Rush- 
 ville township, Edgar Anderson ; Browning township, Wil- 
 liam C. Reno; Hickory township, John W. Curless ; Fred- 
 erick township, Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township, Charles 
 W. Davis ; Woodstock township, Perry Logsdon. 
 
 Hosea Davis was made chairman. On application of the 
 committee on the Centennial celebration on the Fourth of 
 July, 1876, the sum of seventy-five dollars was appropriated 
 to aid in defraying the expenses of procuring the history of 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 TWENTY-FOURTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1877-1878. 
 
 Oakland township, Israel Hills ; Littleton township, Ho- 
 sea Davis; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; Birmingham 
 township, A. L Beard ; Huntsville township, Zebulon All- 
 phin ; Camden township, Philander Avery ; Buena Vista 
 'ownship, Thomas Cunningham ; Rushville township, Edgar 
 Anderson ; Browning township, Mark Bogue ; Hickory 
 township, Valentine Fisher ; Frederick township, Jesse 
 Darnell ; Bainbridge township, Samuel Dodds ; Woodstock 
 township, John S. Stutsman. 
 
 Jesse Darnell was elected chairman. William C. Reno 
 became a member of the board in December, 1877, from 
 Browning township, to fill the vacancy caused by the resigna- 
 tion of Mark Bogue, elected county clerk. Twelve thousand 
 dollars was the amount necessary to meet the county ex- 
 penditures for 1877, as reported by the finance committee. 
 A member of this committee made a minority report re- 
 commending a further levy of $10,00n, that amount to be 
 expended in building a court-house. This recommendation 
 was rejected by the board. 
 
 TWENTY-FIFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1878-1879. 
 
 Oakland township, Israel Hills ; Littleton township, Ho- 
 sea Davis ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; Birmingham 
 township, A. L. Beard; Huntsville township, William II. 
 H. Rader ; Camden township, Philander Avery; Buena 
 Vista township, Thomas Cunningham ; Rushville township, 
 Edgar Anderson ; Browning township, William C. Reno ; 
 Hickory township, Valentine Fisher ; Frederick township, 
 Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township, Adam M. Briggs ; 
 Woodstock township, John F. Langford. 
 
 Jesse Darnell was elected chairman of the board. March, 
 1879, James De Witt became a member of the board to fill 
 the vacancy caused by the resignation of Hosea Davis of 
 Littleton township. The sum of $12,400 wa3 raised by 
 taxation to defray the expenses of the county for the year 
 1878. 
 
 TWENTY-SIXTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1879-1880. 
 
 Oakland township, William H. Baxter; Littleton town- 
 ship, James De Witt ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; 
 Birmingham township, Marcus Whetstone ; Huntsville 
 townshp, Nathaniel J. Milby ; Camden township, James N. 
 Rigg, Buena Vista township, Thomas Cunningham ; Kush- 
 ville township, Edgar Anderson ; Browning township, Wil- 
 liam C. Reno ; Hickory township, Addison D. Stambaugh ; 
 Frederick township, Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township i 
 A.dam M. Briggs ; Woodstock township, John C. Taylor. 
 13 
 
 Jesse Darnell was elected chairman. September, 1879, Ed- 
 win M. Anderson became a member of the board from Rush- 
 ville township to fill the vacancy caused by the death of 
 Edgar Anderson. A resolution offered by Supervisor Ander- 
 son, September, 1879, that the board take steps toward 
 building a court-house, not to exceed in cost $40,000, and 
 that one-third of this amount be provided for in the tax levy 
 for 1879 was rejected. The finance committee reported the 
 sum of $17,000 necessary to bi raised by taxation to meet 
 the indebtedness at that time, and provide for the expenses 
 of the county of the next year. 
 
 TWENTY-SEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1880-1881. 
 
 Oakland township, Henry C Pemberton ; Littleton town- 
 ship, James De Witt, Brooklyn township, John Glandon 
 Birmingham township, Marcus Whetstone; Huntsville town- 
 ship, Nathaniel J. Milby ; Camden township, M. M. Cleek ; 
 Buena Vista township, Thomas Cunningham ; Rushville 
 township, Edwin M. Anderson ; Browning township, Wil- 
 liam C. Reno ; Hickory township, Addison D. Stambaugh ; 
 Frederick township, Jesse Darnell ; Bainbridge township 
 Adam M. Briggs ; Woodstock township, John C. Taylor. 
 
 Jesse Darnell was chosen chairman. February, 1881, 
 Sherman B. Dray took his place in the board as supervisor 
 from Browning township, in place of William C. Reno, re- 
 signed. This board resolved on building a new court-house, 
 and ordered a tax levy of $1,333.34 as the first instalment 
 of the proposed cost. A contract was made with Thomas 
 Keegan of Monroe, Michigan, to construct the building after 
 the model of the court house at Monroe. A location was 
 selected at the southwest corner of the public square, and 
 lots purchased for three thousand five hundred dollars, of 
 which the county paid half, and the corporate authorities 
 and private citizens of Rushville the balance. The square 
 of ground, the site of the old court-house, it was resolved to 
 lease to the town of Rushville for use as a public park. 
 
 TWENTY-EIGHTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. — 1881-1882. 
 
 Oakland township, Jamas P. Clarke ; Littleton township, 
 William Pollock ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; Bir- 
 mingham township, Mark Whetstone ; Huntsville township, 
 Nicholas Burmood ; Camden township, Philander Avery ; 
 Buena Vista township, Thomas Cunningham; Rushville 
 township, Edwin M. Anderson ; Browning township, Wil- 
 liam Bader; Hickory township, Herman C. Schultz : Frede- 
 rick township, John Hinton ; Bainbridge township, Adam 
 M. Briggs ; Woodstock township, John C. Taylor. 
 
 Thomas Cunuinghara was elected chairman. September, 
 1881, a tax levy was ordered of $12,700.00 for ordinary 
 county purposes, and of $13,333.33 for building the new 
 court-house, September, 1881. The committee having in 
 charge the construction of the new court-house was author- 
 ized to borrow eight thousand dollars for five months at six 
 per cent, interest, to facilitate the rapid construction of the 
 court-house building, the amount to be repaid from the tax 
 levy of the year for that purpose, when collected. 
 
 The salaries of the county officers, as now fixed, are as 
 follows : County judge, $800 ; county clerk, $1200 ; circuit
 
 98 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 clerk, $1200; sheriff, $1200; treasurer, $700; and coroner, 
 $1200. 
 
 TWENTY-NINTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1882-1883. 
 
 Oakland township, Edward J. Jones ; Littleton township, 
 William Pollock ; Brooklyn township, John Glandon ; Bir- 
 mingham township, Marcus Whetstone; Huntsville town- 
 ship, Zebulon Allphin ; Camden township, Philander Avery; 
 Buena Vista township, Thomas Cunningham ; Rushville 
 township, George VV. Bellomy; Browning township, William 
 Bader ; Frederick township, Herman C. Schultz ; Bainbridge 
 township, Charles M. Davis ; Woodstock township, John C. 
 Taylor. 
 
 THE BONDED INDEBTEDNESS OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 Bonds issued to the Peoria and Hannibal Railroad 
 Company— 38 bonds, $500 each ; 36 bonds, $1,000 
 each ; 28 bonds, $500 each; dated July 1, 1868, drawing 
 6 per cent, interest. Total amount $73 000,00 
 
 Bonds issued to Rock Island and Alton Railroad Com- 
 pany— 49 bonds of $250 each, dated March 1, 1866, 
 payable July i, 1886, drawing 5 percent, 
 interest, $12,250.00 
 
 Amount redeemed, 7,962.50 
 
 Due on same 4,287.50 
 
 Twenty-two bonds of $500 each, dated March 1, 1866, 
 
 payable July 1, 1886, drawing five per cent. 
 
 interest $11,000.00 
 
 Amount redeemed' 7,150.00 
 
 Due on same 3,850.00 
 
 One bond of $1,000, dated March 17, 1869, payable 
 July 1, 1886, six per cent, interest and five per cent, of 
 
 principal payable each year 51,000.00 
 
 Amount redeemed 55000 
 
 Due on same : . . . . 450.00 
 
 581,587.5 
 
 FERRIES. 
 
 The first liceuse to establish a ferry was given to Thomas 
 Beard on the 5th of June, 1826. This ferry was at Beard's 
 house, on the Illinois river, opposite the site of the present 
 Beardstown. For crossing the channel of the river he was 
 allowed to charge the following rates of ferriage : Wagon 
 and four horses or oxen, 75c. ; wagon and two horses or 
 oxen, 50c. ; wagon, or cart, and one horse, 37Jc ; man and 
 horse, 12}c ; loose horse, 61c. ; footman, 6}c ; cattle per 
 head, 5c. ; sheep, hogs and goats, per head, 2c. ; and double 
 the above rates whenever it was necessary to take passengers 
 from or near the foot of the bluff. It appearing to the 
 county commissioners that a difference of opinion existed in 
 the minds of some persons respecting the rates of ferriage 
 allowed Beard, they ordered in December, 1826, that Beard 
 be allowed to receive no more ferriage for crossing a loaded 
 wagon than an empty one. 
 
 On the fourth of September, 1826, Andrew Vance ob- 
 tained license for a ferry at the upper landing on the Illi- 
 nois river. The rates of ferriage were the same as those at 
 Blair's ferry. 
 
 An order of the county commissioners' court of the first 
 of September, 1828, allows Thomas Beard, who carried on 
 
 the ferry where Beardstown now is, to charge the same rates 
 of ferriage given above, with the exception that he was 
 allowed to collect six and a quarter cents for each head of 
 loose cattle, and three cents for each head of sheep, goats 
 or hogs ; and when it'was necessary, on account of the high 
 water, to run the ferry from or near the bluff, he had the 
 privilege of imposing a tax of one dollar and twenty-five 
 cents on each two-horse wagon ; one dollar on a one-horse 
 wagon or cart ; fifty cents for a man and horse ; twenty-five 
 cents for a footman ; twelve and a-half cents a head for loose 
 cattle ; and six cents for each head of sheep, goats, or hogs. 
 
 In March, 1830, William Wilson was licensed to keep a 
 ferry on the Illinois river, " at a place called the Narrow*., 
 about three miles below the mouth of Crooked creek." 
 
 In March, 1831, Benjamin V. Teel, who seems to have 
 looked with a covetous eye at the profits that might be 
 reaped from the travel across the Illinois river at the town 
 of Beardstown, appeared before the county commissioners' 
 court, and prayed for a license to establish a ferry across the 
 Illinois river in township one north, lange one east. He 
 proved that he had given regular notice of his intention to 
 make application ; but Thomas Beard appeared and op- 
 postd -the issuance of the license on the ground that he was 
 lhe owner and occupier of a ferry across the said river at the 
 same place. The court refused to graut Teel license for a 
 second ferry. 
 
 For the years 1829 and 1830 the sum of twenty-six dol- 
 lars were collected by the county from the ferries, and in 
 March, 1831, this amount was appropriated to the improve- 
 ment of that part of the direct road from Rushville to Beard's 
 ferry, beginning on the east side of section 11, town 1 north, 
 range 1 west, tlience to the Illinois river. 
 
 In March, 1830, Willis O'Neal was authorized to keep a 
 ferry over Crooked creek, " at or near where the road from 
 Rushville to Quincy " crosses that stream. The rates of fer- 
 riage which he was permitted to charge were in excess of 
 those charged on the Illinois river ferries, perhaps on account 
 of the ferry being only a temporary matter until a new bridge 
 across Crooked creek could be constructed. 
 
 The ferry across the Illinois at the Narrows were trans- 
 ferred from William Wilson to Isasc T. Riggs, and the 
 license of the latter was confirmed by the county commis- 
 sioners on the 6th of March, 1833. The same day a tax of 
 three dollars was levied on Rigg's ferry, and of twenty dol- 
 lars on Thomas Beard's ferry. The last named amount was 
 directed to be expended " in improving the road from said 
 ferry up to the Forks above Hall's." 
 
 On the 5th of December, 1842, David Tallman was 
 licensed to keep a ferry on Crooked creek, at the northeast 
 quarter of section 11, town 1 south, range 2 west. A tax 
 of five dollars was levied on this ferry. The ferry rates were 
 established as follows : 
 
 Wagon and two horses or oxen 50 cents. 
 
 Each additional pair of horses or oxen 50 " 
 
 Wagon with one horse 25 
 
 Man and horse . . , 1-i 
 
 Footman "t 
 
 Cattle, sheep or hogs per head 3 "
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 99 
 
 On the 7th of of March, 1833, a tax of twenty dollars was 
 assessed against Thomas Beard on his ferry, and the amount 
 was directed to be expended under the supervision of Moses 
 Perkins in the improvement of the road leading from Beard's 
 ferry to the bluff. Five dollars was assessed against Isaac T. 
 Riggs on account of his ferry privilege, and he was directed 
 to expend the amount on the road from the Narrows to the 
 top of the bluff. 
 
 Haskell's ferry on Crooked creek, on the northeast quarter 
 of section 23, town 2 north, range 3 west, was established in 
 1 834, license having been granted to the proprietor, Joseph 
 Haskell on the 2d of June of that year. He was required 
 to give a bond of two hundred dollars, was taxed five dollars 
 for the current year, and was authorized to impose the fol- 
 lowing charges : 
 
 Wagon with two horses or oxen 3TJ cents. 
 
 Horse and dearborn wagon 25 " 
 
 Man and horse 12J " 
 
 Footman ' 6J •' 
 
 Additional horses or oxen per head 6} " 
 
 Cattle, sheep or hogs per head 3 " 
 
 March 4th, 1835, Allen Alexander was licensed to keep a 
 ferry across Cr6oked creek, on the northeast quarter of sec- 
 tion 33, township 1 north, range 2 west (at the present town 
 of Ripley.) 
 
 A ferry across Crooked creek, on the southeast quarter of 
 section 13, town 1 south, range 2 west, was licensed to be 
 kept by William Wilson, on the 7th of March, 1836. The 
 tax assessed against it for the year 1836 was three dollars. 
 The rates of ferriage were nearly the same as those given 
 above. F>r a wagon and four horses, sixty-two and a half 
 cents were charged ; a cart with two oxen or horses, twenty- 
 five cents ; loose cattle per head, five cents ; and sheep or 
 hogs per head, three cents. 
 
 Benjamin V. Teel, whose efforts in 1831 to secure license 
 to carry on a ferry in opposition to Thomas Beard, opposite 
 Beardstown, had not been successful, on the 6th of June, 
 1836, was granted license for a ferry across the Illinois river 
 from a point immediately below the mouth of Sugar creek 
 to a point directly opposite on the east side of the river. He 
 was allowed to charge the same rates as at Beard's Ferry. 
 A tax of three dollars was assessed against this ferry for 
 the year 1836. 
 
 In 1837 the ferry taxes were increased, aud for that year 
 we find thirty-five dollars assessed against Thomas Beard by 
 reason of his ferry privilege ; ten dollars against Thomas C. 
 Riggs ; five dollars against Allen Alexander ; five dollars 
 against William Wilson, and five dollars againt Joseph 
 Haskell. From this it can be seen that Beard's Ferry must 
 have been by far the most remunerative. A great part of 
 the travel to the military tract crossed the Illinois river at 
 this point. In 1839, Beard was required to pay seventy 
 dollars, and the other ferries in the county from three to ten. 
 
 John Night, in September, 1837, was licensed to carry on 
 a ferry across the Illinois river at the foot of Grand Island, 
 and Benjamin V. Teel in December, 1837, across the Illinois 
 at the mouth of Sugar creek, and also a ferry across Sugar 
 creek. . 
 
 EARLY ROADS. 
 
 One of the most important duties of the early boards of 
 county commissioners was to provide the county with suita- 
 ble roads. The first public highway opened by the county 
 commissioners' court was the road leading from Beard's 
 Ferry on the Illinois river to Beardstown, the original county 
 seat, near Pleasant View, thence to the southeast corner of 
 section 16, township 2 north, range 1 west. For surveying 
 this road Levin Green and Ephraim Eggleston were allowed 
 each one dollar. Jonathan Reno was appointed the road 
 supervisor. This road was declared a public highway in 
 December, lb25. After. Rushville was fixed upon as the 
 permanent seat of justice, this road, in March, 1826, was 
 ordered to be straightened so that the old town of Beardstown 
 was left to one side of the route. 
 
 Sundry inhabitants having petitioned for a road leading from 
 Rushville, by the nearest and best route, to intersect a road 
 leading from Lewistown, in Fulton county, to the county line, 
 near the northwest corner of Fulton county, Levin Green 
 and Joel Pennington were appointed viewers of the proposed 
 road, and having made a favorable report, it was ordered by 
 the county commissioners' court on the 5th of March, 1827, 
 that said road be declared a public highway. For viewing 
 this road Green and Pennington were each allowed seventy- 
 five cents, the usual compensation in that day for such ser- 
 vices. 
 
 On the fifth of March, 1827, the county was divided into 
 road districts as follows : 
 
 First District : Commencing at the junction of Crooked 
 creek and the Illinois river, thence up said creek to the mid- 
 dle of range two west, thence to the north edge of town 
 one north, thence east along said line to the middle of section 
 thirty-two in township two north, range one west, thence 
 north to the south edge of section seventeen, thence east to 
 Sugar creek, thence down said creek to the Illinois river, 
 thence down said river to the place of beginning. Edward 
 White, supervisor. 
 
 Second District: Commencing on Sugar creek, thence due 
 south through the middle of sections eight and seventeen in 
 town two north, range one west, to south line of said town- 
 ship, thence west to the middle of range two west, thence 
 south to to the southeast corner of section four, township one 
 south, range two west, thence west to the county line, 
 thence north to the northwest corner of this county, thence 
 east to Sugar creek, thence down said creek to the place of 
 beginning. Manlove Horney, supervisor. 
 
 Third District : From the southwest corner of section six- 
 teen, township two north, range one west, thence east to 
 Sugar creek, thence up said creek until it touches the line 
 due north of the starting place, thence south to the place of 
 beginning. (Amended, March 30, 1827, so that the west 
 line of the district should pass through the middle of section 
 seventeen, township two north, range one west. William 
 Pennington, supervisor. 
 
 Fourth District : All that part of the county north of 
 Sugar creek, William Stephens, supervisor. » 
 
 Fifth District: All that part of the county south of 
 Crooked creek. Frequent changes were subsequently made
 
 100 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 in the road districts in order to meet the demands of the 
 growiug population of the county. In March, 1828, ten dis- 
 tricts were established. The tenth district comprised Mc- 
 Donough county, which, at that time was attached to Schuy- 
 ler. March, 1829, the districts were reduced to nine in num- 
 ber, and a year later increased to fourteen. A petition was 
 presented to the county commissioners in June, 1827, pray- 
 ing that a road be marked out leading from Rushviile, to 
 the north boundary line of McDonough county "where 
 Beard's stakes strike said line." Riggs Pennington, William 
 McKee, and Stephen Osburn were appointed viewers of the 
 route, and having rendered a favorable report, the road was 
 declared a public highway the following September. 
 
 In September, 1827, sundry inhabitants of the county 
 petitioned for a road from Rushviile to intersect a road from 
 Atlas, at the south line of Schuyler county, and on the fa- 
 vorable report of Cornelius Vandeventer, Levin Green, and 
 George Stewart, who were appointed to view the route, a 
 public highway was established in December, 1827. A road 
 was established, March, 1828, from the intersection of the 
 state road with the old county road from Beard"s Ferry, 
 running thence .to intersect the road leading from Rushviile 
 to the north line of McDonough county. In March, 1828, 
 the county commissioners ordered William O'Neal, Ephraim 
 Eggleston, and Henry Hills to report on a proposed road 
 from Rushviile direct to Beard's Ferry. On the twentieth 
 of the same month these gentlemen reported that they had 
 viewed the route, and believed such a road to be necessary, 
 whereupon, the road was duly declared a public highway. 
 This road was called the Kellogg road. On the sixth of June, 
 1831, the county commissioners placed on record the fact that 
 this road was useless and burdensome to the people, and 
 thereupon rescinded, and made void the order establishing 
 said road. 
 
 The county commissioners ordered in April, 1828, on the 
 report of Thomas Davis, William Burrus, and Garret 
 Wvcoff, viewers, that a cart road, at least fifteen feet wide, 
 be opened from Calvin Hobart's mill, (on section sixteen, 
 town two north, range one west) to intersect the old county 
 road at the southeast corner of section sixteen, town two north, 
 range one west. This order was afterward rescinded. On 
 the recommendation of the same persons, an order was made 
 that a cart road be opened from Calvin Hobart's to Thomas 
 Mi-Kee's, thence to intersect the road from Rushviile to the 
 north line of McDonough county, between Joel Tullis' and 
 James Trainer's. A public highway was established from 
 Rushviile to the mouth of Crooked creek, on the first of 
 December, 1828 From the southeast corner of Schuyler 
 county (now Brown) to the west line of said county, in the 
 direction of Quincy, in Adams county, known as the Mere- 
 dosia and Quincy road, on the second of March, 1829. 
 
 From Rushviile to Beard's Ferry on the 2d of March, 
 1829. 
 
 From the Narrows on the Illinois river to Rushviile, on 
 June 7th, 1830. 
 
 From Rflsliville, by the ford of Crooked creek, where the 
 old state road crossed that stream, to the west line of the 
 county in the direction of Quincy, on the 7th of June, 
 
 From Rushviile, crossing Crooked creek at the Big bend, 
 running through section sixteen, township one north, rauge 
 three west, (in Brown county) to the High mound in range 
 four west, near the base line, on the 7th of September, 1830. 
 
 From the Narrows on the Illinois river to the Long point, 
 in Six's prairie, April 24, 1830. 
 
 From Beard's Ferry to the north line of the county, near 
 McNeal's settlement, in the direction of Lewistown, June 
 7th, 1830. 
 
 From section twenty-seven, township three north, range 
 two west, to the northwest corner of the county, in the di- 
 rection of the county seat of Hancock county, on the 4th 
 of December, 1832. 
 
 From Beard's Ferry to the bridge on Crooked creek, there 
 to intersect the Rushviile and Quincy road, on the 6th of 
 December, 1830. 
 
 From Rushviile through sections eighteen and nineteen, in 
 township two north, range one west, to intersect the public 
 road from William McKee's to Joel Tullis', September 5th, 
 1831. 
 
 From the south line of Schuyler county (now Brown) 
 where the road to Atlas crosses the same, along under the 
 bluffs, by the Narrows on the Illinois river, to the south line 
 of section thirty-one, township two north, range one west, on 
 the 6th of December, 1831. 
 
 The settlement of road matters occupied a greater portion 
 of the time of the early county commissioners' court. After 
 the roads were located numerous complaints were forthcom- 
 ing of grievances to which various persons were subjected 
 by the road being laid out across their lands. To satisfy all 
 parties the county commissioners found a difficult task. 
 
 FIRST BRIDGE ACROSS CROOKED CREEK. 
 
 The following extract from the records recites the facts 
 concerning the building of the first bridge across Crooked 
 creek : 
 
 " Be it remembered that the General Assembly of this 
 state, having at their last session enacted a law making ap- 
 propriations for building bridges, &c-, the county commis- 
 sioners for this county having given notice as provided in 
 said act did on the 31st day of March, proceed to let the 
 building of a bridge across Crooked creek at the place where 
 the state road from Rushviile to Quincy, in Adams county, 
 crosses the same, which said bridge was stricken off to Ben- 
 janmin Chadsey for the sum of four hundred dollars, he 
 being the best bidder, and the said Chadsey having filed his 
 bond for the faithful performance of the same, which was 
 approved by the court, it was ordered that the same be ad- 
 mitted to record." 
 
 This bridge was near where the Ripley bridge now 
 stands. Mr. Chadsey completed it in a satisfactory manner 
 and received the contract price. The abutments were built 
 by Thomas McKee, who received for the work one hundred 
 and sixty dollars. For going to Vandalia and bringing the 
 money appropriated .to the county for building the bridge 
 Mr. Chadsey was allowed twelve dollars. The high water, 
 caused by the melting of the deep snow of 1831, carried
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 101 
 
 away this bridge and performed much other damage through- 
 out the county. 
 
 MILL SEATS. 
 
 In the early county records appear the proceedings in sev- 
 eral cases "n writs of ad qiiod damnum in which the county 
 commissioners ordered the establishment of mill seats and 
 authorized the building of mill dams. 
 
 On the 7th of June, 1830, the commissioners, after receiv- 
 ing the report of a jury of inquest summoned to examine a 
 proposed mill seat on Sugar creek, in section six, township 
 two north, range one east, and being satisfied that no injury 
 would be sustained by individuals, the health of the neigh- 
 borhood not affected, and that the mill would be of public 
 utility order, " that the said mill seat be established and the 
 said Benjamin V. Teel have leave to build his dam twelve 
 feet high above the surface of low water." 
 
 On the same day, on the application of James Clark, the 
 commissioners authorized the establishment of a mill seat 
 and the building of a dam on Crooked creek in sec- 
 tion thirty-three, township six north, r inge three west. This 
 was in McDonough county. 
 
 At the same date a mill seat was established on the north- 
 west quarter of section thirty-three, township one north, 
 range two west, (at the present town of Ripley) and authority 
 given to John Ritchey to build a dam eighth feet high from 
 the bed of the creek. 
 
 David Wallace, on the same day, was authorized to build 
 a dam across Sugar creek, in the southwest quarter of sec- 
 tion twenty, township two north, range one east, "ten feet 
 high above the low water mark." At the same session of 
 the court a mill seat was established on Crooked creek in 
 the southwest quarter of section seventeen, township two 
 north, rauge one east, and authority given to Thomas Justice 
 to build a dam nine feet high above low water mark. 
 
 On the 6th of September, 1831, three mill seats were es- 
 tablished by the county commissioners. One, on the appli- 
 cation of Benjamin Chadsey and John Johnson, on Sugar 
 creek, in the southwest quarter of section five, township one 
 north, range one east. The proprietors were given authori- 
 ty to build a dam twelve feet -in height. The second on 
 Crooked creek in the southeast quarter of section twenty, 
 township three north, range three west, (the site of the 
 present town of Brooklyn). William C. Ralls was author- 
 ized to build a dam nine feet above the bed of the stream at 
 this place. The third on Crooked creek, in the northeast 
 quarter of section eleven, township one north, range three 
 west. Ozborn Henley was here given authority to build a 
 dam to a height of ten feet above the bed of the stream. 
 
 On the fifth of March, 1833, the county commissioners 
 granted authority to James A. Chadsey to construct a mill, 
 and build a dam, on Sugar creek in the northwest quarter 
 of section thirty-two, township two north, range one east. 
 The dam was not to exceed twelve feet in height above the 
 bed of the stream. On the same day permission was given 
 to Messrs. Olcott and Bull to construct a dam across Crooked 
 creek in the northeast quarter of section eleven, township 
 three north, range four west (where the town of Birming- 
 ham now is). 
 
 The jury of inquest, composed of twelve men, in each 
 instance report that " having viewed the land at the place 
 proposed for erecting said dam and above and below the 
 same," they "are of opinion that no person owning land 
 above or below, the said dam will sustain any damages by 
 reason of said dam," and they further believe " that no 
 dwelling house, out-house, garden, or orchard will be over- 
 flowed by the said dam, and that the health of the neigh- 
 borhood will not be injuriously affected by such overflowing." 
 
 Abel Logan was given authority to build a dam seven 
 feet high across Crooked creek in the northwest quarter of 
 section three, township one south, range two west, on the 
 twentieth of March, 1835. William McKee and John 
 Taggart were granted leave to build a mill dam on the 
 eighth of December, 1835, across Crooked creek on the 
 southwest quarter section eleven, township two north, range 
 three west. The dam was not to exceed nine feet in height. 
 On the ninth of June, 1836, William A Hinman and Sam- 
 uel A- Clift were authorized to construct a dam across 
 Crooked creek, fourteen feet in height above the bed of the 
 stream, on the southwest quarter of section two, township 
 one south, range two west. 
 
 On the sixth of September, 1836, authority was given to 
 Asa Benton to build a dam, eight feet above low water 
 mark, across Crooked Creek in the southwest quarter of 
 section twenty-nine, township one south, range two west. 
 March 10th, 1837. Robert Henry was authorized to build a 
 dam nine feet high across Little creek on the northwest 
 quarter of section one, township two south, rauge two west 
 in the present county of Brown. June fifth, 1837, Robert H. 
 Burton and Eli Alden were given permission to erect a mill 
 dam across Crooked creek on the southwest quarter of sec- 
 tion twenty-nine, township one north, range two west. The 
 dam was not to exceed eight feet in height above the surface 
 of low water. 
 
 Asa Benton was granted authority on the sixth of June, 
 1837, to establish a mill seat on the southwest quarter of 
 section four, township one south, range two west. Peter F. 
 Jonte, on the fifth of June, 1838, was given authority to 
 build a mill dam on Grain creek on the southwest quarter 
 of section twenty, township one north, range one west, nine 
 and one-half feet in height. Across Crain creek, on the 
 northeast quarter of section twenty-eight, township one 
 north, range one west, Samuel S. Claughbergh was author- 
 ized, on the fifth of June, 1838, to establish a mill seat and 
 build a dam eight feet high above the bed of the stream. 
 On the fourth of September, 1838, a mill seat was established 
 on the Little Missouri, on the southwest quarter of section 
 twenty-eight iu township two north, range three west, and 
 Adams Dunlap authorized to construct a dam not more than 
 ten feet in height above the bed of the stream. The same 
 day authority was given to build a mill and construct a dam 
 not more than eight feet high on the north half of section 
 fifteen, township three north, range four west, was given to 
 James G. King. 
 
 KARLY ELECTION PRECINCTS. 
 
 The first division of the county into election districts was
 
 102 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 made on the fourth of June, 1827. The first precinct began 
 at the center of the west line of township one north, range 
 four west, thence due east to within one mile of the meridian, 
 thence south to the Illinois river, thence down said river to 
 where the line between ranges four and five west intersects 
 the same, thence north to the place of beginning. Elections 
 at the house of Isaac Naught, John A. Reeve, Willis O'Neal 
 and Isaac Vandeventer, judges. The second precinct was 
 bounded by lines passing through the centers of sections 
 sixteen, seventeen and eighteen in townships one and two 
 north. Elections at the houses of Henry Hills, John 
 Ritchey and Manlove Horney, judges. The third precinct 
 was bounded on the south by a line passing through the 
 centers of section sixteen, seventeen and eighteen in town 
 two north, extending to the west line of the county, thence 
 north to the northwest corner of the county, thence east 
 along the county line to the northeast corner of the county, 
 thence north to the place of beginning. Elections at the 
 house of Joel Pennington, — Joel Pennington, Joel Tullus, 
 and Garrett Wyckoff, judges. The fourth precinct was 
 comprised in boundaries beginning one mile west of the 
 meridian, on the line between townships two and three 
 north, thence south to the river, thence up the river to where 
 the north line of the county intersects the same, thence 
 west to the place of beginning. Elections at the house of 
 Daniel Robertson. Daniel Robertson, Andrew Vance and 
 Thomas Wilson, judges. The fifth precinct embraced the 
 whole of McDonough cou nty, at that time an attached por- 
 tion of Schuyler. Elections at the house of James Vance. 
 Riggs Pennington, Stephen Osburn, and Hugh Wilson 
 judges. 
 
 The boundaries of the second and third precincts were 
 changed in June, 1829, and a sixth district was organized, 
 embracing parts of the present Woodstook. Buena Vista, 
 Camden, and Huntsville townships, and the northern part 
 of what is now Brown county. In March, 1830, on petition 
 of sundry inhabitants a new election precinct was formed 
 bounded as follows: 
 
 Beginning at the southwest corner of Schuyler county 
 (now Brown), thence east to the Illinois river, thence up said 
 river to the mouth of Crooked creek, thence up said creek 
 to the north line of said county, thence west to the north- 
 west corner of said county, thence south to the place of 
 beginning. This precinct included the whole of the present 
 Brown county and that part of Schuyler county west of 
 Crooked creek. Elections were ordered to be held at the 
 house of Bentley Ballard, and Willi* O'Neal. Alexander 
 Steel, and Asa Benton, were appointed the judges of election. 
 
 At the same date McDonough county, still attached to 
 Schuyler for county purposes, was divided into two election 
 precincts. Crooked and Drowning creeks formed the boun- 
 dary between the two precincts. In the eastern precinct 
 James Vance, William Carter and John Rogers were ap- 
 pointed judges, and the elections were ordered to be held at 
 the house of James Vance, sen. In the western precinct 
 Ephraim Perkins, Francis Reding, and John Vance were 
 appointed judges, and the elections were to be held at the 
 house of William Job. 
 
 In 1832 the county was divided into six election precincts. 
 The first precinct included townships one and two south, 
 ranges three and four, the four southwestern townships of 
 the present Brown county. Benjamin Kendrick, Joseph Cox, 
 and David Six were appointed judges of the elections which 
 were directed to be held at the house of Alexander Curry. 
 
 Precinct number two embraced townships one and two 
 south, ranges one and two west The greater part of this 
 precinct was also in the present Brown county. Elections 
 at the house of Isaac T. Riggs. Judges, Isaac T. Riggs, 
 Erastus Root and Elijah Bell. 
 
 The third precinct comprised all of the county north of 
 the base line and west of Crooked creek. Nearly half of 
 this precinct was in what is now Brown county. George 
 Stewart, Richard W. Rigg, and Stephen Sallee were ap- 
 pointed judges, with the elections to be held at the house of 
 Stephen Sallee. 
 
 The fourth preciuct included all of Schuyler county lying 
 east of the meridian line. Elections at the house of Isaac 
 Lane. Judges Moses J. Skiles, Thomas Davis and Isaac Jarrett. 
 
 The fifth precinct included all of townships three north, 
 ranges one and two west, and so much of three west as lay 
 east of Crooked creek. Riley Pennington, James McKee, 
 and David Snider, judges. Elections at the house of Thomas 
 McKee. 
 
 The sixth, or center, precinct embraced that part of the 
 county lying north of the base line, west of the meridian, 
 east of Crooked creek, and south of the line between town- 
 ships two and three north, Nathaniel E Quinby, David 
 Watson, and David S. Taylor, judges of election. Elections 
 to be held at the brick court house in Rushville. 
 
 The present division of the county into townships has been 
 in existence since, 1854, in which year township organiza- 
 tion went into effect. The names of the townships, now in 
 use, were then adopted, and with one or two unimportant 
 exceptions no change has been made in the township boun- 
 daries. 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY PENSIONERS. 
 
 The declarations of a number of revolutionary soldiers, 
 sworn to in order to obtain the provision made by acts of 
 Congress for their benefit, are found in the earlier pages of 
 the county records. 
 
 Henry Green a resident of Schuyler county, appeared 
 before the county commissioners court on the fourth of June, 
 1827, and made such declaration. He enlisted in March, 
 1779, in Maryland, " in the regiment commanded by Col 
 Thomas Wolford in the line of the state of Maryland on the 
 old continental establishment. " He served till the close of 
 the war and was discharged at Annapolis, Maryland. 
 Green received the desired pension which he enjoyed till his 
 death on the first of May, 1837- 
 
 William Blair, a resident of Rushville, declared on the 
 third day of September, 1832, that he was born in 1760 in 
 Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and that in May, 1878, 
 while living in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, he en- 
 tered the continental service as a substitute for his father, 
 Alexander Blair, and served two months. He was stationed 
 at Penn's Valley, Pennsylvania. In May, 1779, he enlisted
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 103 
 
 as a private, and served under Gen. Sullivan in his cam- 
 paign against the Indians on the upper Susquehanna. He 
 again enlisted in 1780, and served seven months on the 
 frontier in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, and vi- 
 cinity, till his discharge in 1781. 
 
 Benjamin Carpenter, on the third day of September, 1832, 
 made declaration that he enlisted in May, 1776, in the army 
 of the United States, as a minute man, for four years, at 
 Amherst Court House, in Amherst county, Virginia. He 
 served under various commands in Virginia. His company 
 joined the army of Gen. Lafayette on its arrival in Virginia, 
 and he was present at the surrender of Cornwallis at York- 
 town Though likely a brave soldier, he was not much of a 
 scholar, and his mark is affixed to his declaration. 
 
 James Lanman, on the same date, being eighty-one years 
 of age, stated that he enlisted in the army of the United 
 States, at Charleston, South Carolina, in July, 1776. He 
 served as orderly sergeant in the first regiment of riflemen 
 in the South Carolina line, and in the fall of 1776 accom- 
 panied an expedition to the Cherokee nation. He enlisted a 
 second time in March, 1781, near Hillsborough, North 
 Carolina. He was orderly sergeant and was attached to a 
 troop of horse in the first regiment of horse, commanded by 
 Col. William Henderson, under Gen. Nathaniel Greene. 
 He was in the battle of Guilford Court House, and thence 
 inarched to South Carolina, and was in the battle at Eutaw 
 Springs where he was wounded in the thigh. His com- 
 mander, Gen. Henderson, was also wounded, and both were 
 taken to a widow Nelson's on the Santee river where he 
 remained till he recovered from his wound. 
 
 George Taylor, a resident of the county, on the 3d day of 
 September, 1833, made declaration that in September, 1777, 
 in Amherst county, Virginia, he enlisted in the regiment 
 commanded by Col. Broadhead, attached to the command 
 of Gen. Mcintosh His regiment marched (o Fort Cumber- 
 land, thence to the place of Braddock's defeat in Pennsyl- 
 vania, thence to the Ohio river where a fort called Mcintosh 
 was built, thence in the direction of Detroit, Michigan. On 
 the Muskingum river in Ohio he assisted in building Fort 
 Defiance. He soon afterwards returned to Virginia. He 
 enlisted the second time in 1778, and helped guard the 
 prisoners captured at Saratoga confined in Albemarle, Vir- 
 ginia. He also served afterward in 1779 and 1780. Of 
 those who vouched for Taylor's standing in the community, 
 and avowed their belief in the truth of his statement, are 
 the Rev. Peter Cartwright, the celebrated pioneer Methodist 
 preacher. He describes himself as a resident of the county 
 of Sangamon. 
 
 CIRCUIT COURTS. 
 
 The first circuit court for Schuyler county began its ses- 
 sions at Beardstown, the original county seat, on the 4th 
 day of November, 1825 ; John York Sawyer, judge of the 
 first judicial circuit, presided. The other officers present 
 were John Turney, the attorney-general pro tern., Hart 
 Fellows, clerk, and Orris McCartney, sheriff. - 
 
 A grand jury, the first in the county, was empanelled, 
 composed of the following persons : Jesse Bartlett (foreman), 
 
 David E- Blair, William Pennington, Peter Perkins, Philip 
 Spohnamore, Ephriam Eggleston, Nathan Eels, James H. 
 Smith, Henry Green, sr., George Green, Henry Green, jr., 
 John Green, John Ritchey, Martin L. Lindsley, James B. 
 Atwood, William Spohnamore. 
 
 The grand jury returned three indictments and were then 
 discharged. The first of these indictments was against Bird 
 Brewer for perjury, the second against Samuel Gooch for 
 assault, and the third against Orris McCartney for selling 
 liquor without license. Gooch pleaded guilty and was fined 
 five dollars and costs, McCartney also pleaded guilty and 
 was fined twelve dollars and costs, Bird Brewer pleaded not 
 guilty, and having given bond for his appearance in the sum 
 of three hundred dollars, his trial was deferred until the 
 following day. Biggs Pennington, Jonathan Reno, Thomas 
 Beard, Levin Green, Jacob Reno, and Jonathan D. Man- 
 love were also required to give bond in the sum of fifty 
 dollars for their appearance as witnesses. The case was 
 tried on the fifth of November before a jury composed of 
 John B. Terry, Asa Cook, Benjamin Chadsey, John Ooton, 
 Jacob White, Willis O'Neal, Oliver Lund, George Stewart 
 James Lamuey, Edward White, Levin Green, and Joseph 
 Jackson. The defendant was found not guilty. 
 
 It was ordered by the court that the fourth day of June 
 1826, be appointed for holding the next circuit court 
 There is no record, however, of any session of the court 
 being held at that time. The next circuit court convened 
 at Rushville, October 12th, 1826. The first case tried was 
 that of Daniel Lamont vs. John B. Terry, an action in 
 assumpsit to recover the sum of one hundred and three 
 dollars. Judgment was rendered for plaintiff* by default. 
 Five indictments were returned by the grand jury at this 
 term, two for assault and battery, two for assault, and one 
 for malconduct. David Wallace, on the oath of James 
 Vance that he verily believed his property was in danger of 
 sustaining injury, was bound to keep the peace ; and James 
 Vance, on a similar oath made by David Wallace, gave 
 bond " to be of good behaviour and keep the peace toward 
 all the good people of the state of Illinois, and more espe- 
 cially toward the said David Wallace." 
 
 The first attorney, whose admission to the bar is referred 
 to in the records, was Benjamin Cox, admitted as a counsellor 
 at the October term, 1826. 
 
 At the October term, 1827, David Wallace was indicted 
 for giving a challenge to fight a duel. 
 
 THE FIRST DIVORCE 
 
 obtained was at the October term, 1827. Succeeding that 
 year divorce cases are frequent, a fact which proves that 
 matrimonial infelicities were as common at that day as in 
 this. The bill in this first case is as follows : 
 
 To the Honorable, the judge of the Schuyler Circuit Court 
 in chancery sitting. 
 
 "Humbly complaining your orator Stephen Osborn, a citizen 
 of Schuyler county for three, and of the state of Illinois for 
 ten years, respectfully represents and alleges, that some time 
 in the year eighteen hundred and four he was legally married 
 to one Phebe Lewis, now Phebe Osborn, whom your orator
 
 104 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 prays may be made a defendant to this bill. Your orator 
 alleges that he lived with the said Phebe as her lawful hus- 
 band for the term of six years, when she voluntarily, and 
 without any apparent cause, abandoned him and his house ; 
 since which time she has utterly and positively refused to 
 live with him as his lawful wife further. Your orator fur- 
 ther alleges that the said Phebe has frequently been guilty 
 of adultery, and has for the last ten years been living in open 
 adultery with one Alexander Toney. Your orator further 
 prays your honor to dissolve the bonds of matrimony now 
 existing between him and the said Phebe, and grant him 
 such other and further relief as to equity belongs, and as in 
 duty bound he will ever pray." 
 
 This bill was filed on the twenty-fifth of May, 1827- 
 Return is made as having been served on Phebe Toney, 
 formerly Phebe Osborn, in Vermillion county of this state, 
 on the following eighth of September. The cause came be- 
 fore the court at the October term, 1827, when " the defen- 
 dant being regularly served with process, and not having 
 entered her appearance herein according to law, it is ordered 
 that the complainant's bill be taken for confessed, and the 
 cause being heard by the court it is ordered and decreed that 
 the complainant be divorced from the marriage contract 
 with the defendant, and be for ever discharged and dissolved 
 therefrom." The plaintiff was doubtless willing to pay the 
 costs which the court required him to do. 
 
 THE FIRST NATURALIZATION. 
 
 The first person to whom naturalization papers were 
 granted by the circuit court of Schuyler county was William 
 McCreery, who was made a citizen of the United States on 
 the fourteenth day of June, 1830. The following is the 
 record : 
 
 United States of America, ~\ 
 State of Illinois, v ss. 
 
 County of Schuyler. ) 
 
 Be it remembered that heretofore, to wit, at the February 
 term of the county court of Morgan county, in the State of 
 Alabama, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight 
 hundred and twenty-six, and of the independence of the 
 United States the fiftieth, personally appeared before the 
 said county court, in the said State of Alabama, (the same 
 being a court of record having and exercising common law 
 jurisdiction with a seal, and clerk), William McCreery, an 
 alien born, free, male, white person of the age of twenty-one 
 years, and upwards, and presented to the said court a writ- 
 ten declaration of his intention to make application to be 
 admitted as a naturalized citizen of the United States, in 
 conformity with the several acts of Congress on that subject, 
 with the desire that the same might be accepted, registered, 
 and certified accordingly, which declaration was subscribed 
 by the said McCreery, and is in the words and figures fol. 
 lowing, to wit : 
 
 State of Alabama, | County Court, 
 Morgan County, j February Term, 1826. 
 
 William McCreery, an alien, who wishes to become natu- 
 
 ralized, and to enjoy the rights and privileges of a citizen of 
 the United States, this day makes the following report of 
 himself, to wit : Name, William McCreery ; age, twenty- 
 five years; allegiance, King of Great Britain ; county from 
 whence, from Omagh, Tyrone, in Ireland ; place of intended 
 residence, Morgan county, State of Alabama. That he 
 landed at New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana, on the 
 seventh day of February, 1825, and the said William Mc- 
 Creery declares it to be his bona fide intention to become a 
 citizen of the United States, hereby revoking his allegiance 
 to all kings, princes, potentates and powers in the known 
 world, and more especially the King of Great Britain, ex- 
 cept it be the United States of America. 
 
 (Signed) William McCreery. 
 
 Which said report, registry, and certificate (on the record 
 is the certificate of the clerk of the Morgan county court, 
 Alabama), duly made in conformity with law, was this day 
 presented to the Judge of the circuit court, in and for the 
 said county of Schuyler, and State of Illinois, the court 
 judicially sitting, and an application made by the said Wil- 
 liam McCreery to be admitted as a naturalized citizen of the 
 United States, according to the several acts of Congress 
 above recited, who thereupon by permission of the court took 
 and subscribed the following oath, to wit : 
 
 I, William McCreery, do solemnly swear in the presence 
 of Almighty God, that I will support the Constitution of the 
 United States, and that I do absolutely and entirely re- 
 nounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity which I any- 
 wise owe to George the Fourth, King of the said kingdom 
 of Great Britain and Ireland, whereof I was heretofore a 
 subject. Subscribed and sworn to William McCreery in 
 open court this 14th June, 1830. 
 
 Hart Fellows, Clerk: 
 
 Also appeared in open court, Thomas McKee, and Samuel 
 Homey, natural born citizens of the United States, above 
 the age of twenty-one years, and resident citizens of the said 
 county of Schuyler, and State of Illinois, who being first 
 duly sworn, declare upon their oaths that they have been 
 personally acquainted with the said William McCreery for 
 two years past, and upwards, that during the whole of 
 said time, he has continued to reside within the limits, and 
 under the jurUdiction of the United States, to wit, in the 
 said county of Schuyler and State of Illinois, and that so far 
 as their information and knowledge has extended, the said 
 William McCreery has behaved as a man of good moral 
 character, and appeared to be attached to the Constitution 
 and laws of the United States, and well disposed to the good 
 order and happiness of the same. And the court being 
 satisfied that the said William McCreery has resided within 
 the limits, and under the jurisdiction of the United States* 
 for at least two years past, and more than one year in 
 the said State of Illinois next preceding the day of the date 
 hereof; that during the time aforesaid he has behaved as a 
 man of good moral character, attached to the principles of 
 the Constitution of the United States, and well disposed to 
 the good order and happiness of the same, and two years
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 105 
 
 and upwards having elapsed since the said William Mc- 
 Creery reported himself in the State of Alabama, in manner 
 and form as aforesaid, it is therefore considered and adjudged 
 by the court that he, the said William McCreery, be hence- 
 forth admitted to all and singular the rights, privileges, and 
 immunities of a naturalized citizen of the United States. 
 
 FIRST TRIiL FOR MURDER. 
 
 The first murderer indicted in the courts of Schuyler 
 county was David Morgan, against whom an indictment 
 was returned at the October term of the circuit court, 1831, 
 for the killing of George Everett. The murder took place 
 in May, 1831, on the top of Coal creek hill, on the lower 
 road from Rushville to Frederick. The coronor's jury, 
 which held an inquest on the body of the deceased, re- 
 turned a verdict on the twenty-seventh of that month, " that 
 the said George Everett came to his death by being shot 
 by David Morgan with malice aforethought." Morgan 
 was arraigned before the circuit court on the fifth day of 
 October, 1831. Not having been able to procure counsel, 
 Adolphus F. Hubbard and James Turney were assigned by 
 the court for his defence. Two days afterwards on motion 
 of the defendant's counsel, a change of venue to McDon- 
 ough county was granted, and the cause was ordered to be 
 set for trial at Macomb on the Friday succeeding the third 
 Monday in October of the same year. 
 
 Morgan was tried in McDonough county, and was found 
 guilty. His counsel moved an arrest of judgment which 
 was sustained, the court ordering " that all further pro- 
 ceedings be stayed on said indictment and that the same be 
 quashed." His next trial was in Schuyler county. There is 
 an order of the judge'of the circuit, bearing date the 13th 
 of December, 1831, stating that whereas information had 
 been received in writing that David Morgan had been com- 
 mitted to the custody of the sheriff of Schuyler county, 
 charged with the murder of George Everett (the same being 
 an offence not bailable by law), and that the said Morgan 
 desired a trial of his case before the next regular term of 
 the circuit court of Schuyler county, therefore the sheriff is 
 commanded to immediately summon twenty-three grand 
 jurors and thirty-six petit jurors to attend at the court- 
 house in Rushville on Monday the second day of January, 
 1832, in order that a special term of the circuit court may 
 then and there be held for thv trial of the said David 
 Morgan. 
 
 At this special term of the circuit court Richard M 
 Young, judge of the fifth judicial district, was on tbe bench. 
 Thomas Ford, was the state's attorney and conducted the 
 prosecution. Hart Fellows, the popular citizen who in the 
 early history of the county held more offices than any other 
 man, was clerk. The sheriff was Joel Pennington. 
 
 John Scripps (foreman), Amos Scott, Granville Bond, 
 Samuel Brazelton, John Burk, George Swan, David Lenox, 
 John L. Scott, Robert Murphy, John M. Jones, William 
 Lafon, Robert N . Chadsey, Samuel Baty, Harvey Berry, 
 James Martin, Proctor P. Newcomb, Andrew Friend, Wil- 
 liam H. Taylor, David Manlove, William Manlove, Sr., 
 
 14 
 
 Henry Green, Sr., Samuel Turner and Jonathan D. Manlove, 
 composed the grand jury, which on the morning of the 
 third of January brought in an indictment for murder 
 against Morgan as a true bill. The indictment was as 
 follows : 
 
 State of Illinois ) 
 
 > 88. 
 
 Schuyler county. ) 
 
 The grand jurors chosen, selected and sworn in and for 
 the county of Schuyler, in the name and by the authority of 
 the people of the state of Illinois upon their oaths present : 
 That David Morgan, late of the county of Schuyler, not 
 having the fear of God before his eyes, but being moved 
 and seduced by the instigations of the devil, on the twenty- 
 sixth day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand 
 eight hundred and thirty-one, with force and within the 
 county of Schuyler aforesaid, in and upon one George 
 Everett in the face of God and of the people of the state of 
 Illinois then and there being, feloniously, wilfully, and of 
 his malice aforethought, did make an assault, and that the 
 said David Morgan a certain rifle gun of the value of ten 
 dollars then and there loaded and charged with gunpowder 
 and one leaden bullet (which rifle gun he, the said David 
 Morgan with both his hands then and there had and held) 
 to, against and upon the said George Everett, then and 
 there feloniously, unlawfully, wilfully, and of his malice 
 aforethought, did shoot and discharge, and that the said 
 David Morgan, with the leaden bullet aforesaid, then and 
 there by force of the gunpowder shot and sent forth as 
 aforesaid the said George Everett, in and upon the right 
 side of the belly of him the said George Everett, about the 
 short ribs of him the said George Everett, then and there 
 feloniously, unlawfully, wilfully and of his malice afore- 
 thought, did strike, penetrate and wound, giving to the said 
 George Everett then and therewith the leaden bullet aforesaid, 
 so as aforesaid, shot, discharged, and sent forth out of the 
 rifle gun aforesaid by the said David Morgan, in and upon 
 the right side of the belly of him the said George Everett, 
 about the short ribs of him the said George Everett, one 
 mortal wound of the depth of ten inches and the breadth 
 of one inch, of which said mortal wound the said Goorge 
 Everett did then and there instantly die. And go the 
 jurors aforesaid, upon their oaths aforesaid, do say that the 
 said David Morgan the said George Everett, in manner and 
 form aforesaid, feloniously, unlawfully, wilfully, and of his 
 malice aforethought, did kill and murder contrary to the 
 form of the statute in such case made and provided and 
 against the peace and dignity of the same people of the 
 state of Illinois. Thomas Ford, 
 
 State's Attorney. 
 
 Some difficulty was experienced in securing a jury. Six 
 jurors was secured when the panel being reduced below the 
 number of twelve, the sheriff was commanded to summon 
 twenty-four talesmen to complete the panel from the by- 
 standers. Out of this number three more jurors were again 
 chosen, and the panel being again exhausted by challenges, 
 resort was again had to the bystanders, from whose number
 
 106 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 two more jurors were chosen. This left only one to be sup- 
 plied, but two requisitions on the bystanders was necessary 
 before a twelfth ruan could be obtained satisfactory to both 
 prosecution and defense. The jury as completed included 
 James Blackburn, William Cox, John Davis, Alexander 
 Penney, David Jenkins, David Owen, George Green, Wil- 
 liam Rose, John Durall, Samuel P. Darke. Daniel Louder- 
 back and Francis Albury. 
 
 The work of the day having been spent in securing a jury , 
 the court adjourned till Thursday, the jurors being permit- 
 ted to disperse by agreement of the parties, under the 
 proper charge from the court to meet again at nine o'clock 
 to-morrow. Thursday an adjournment was again had till 
 Friday, the counsel for the defendant asking for further 
 time to procure the attendance of witnesses, whose impor- 
 tance he alleged to have discovered since the procuring of 
 the jury. Attachments were issued to compel the attend- 
 ance of these witnesses. The case was put before the jury 
 on Friday, January the sixth. 
 
 The principal witness for the prosecution was J. Wal- 
 lis, who testified that he was in the woods with George 
 Everett, the murdered man, engaged in sawing some timber, 
 when Morgan came to them, apparently in a very angry 
 mood, and said to Everett that he (Morgan) must have some 
 money before sunset, or he would kill him ; that he (Everett) 
 had broken up his family, and that he intended to kill him 
 anyhow. Morgan then attempted to shoot Everett, and 
 after a scuffle did shoot him, and afterward shot at him a 
 second time with a gun belonging to Wallis. Wallis then 
 left Morgan and went home. Morgan soon came down 
 after him and requested Wallis not to tell what had been 
 done. He then made several attempts-to shoot himself, and 
 did shoot himself through the jaw. ThU witness also testi- 
 fied that Morgan seemed to be in his natural senses, and not 
 insane at the time. Other witnesses for the prosecution 
 were John P. Skiles, the coroner, Hart Fellows, and Betsey 
 Fudge. The jury on the same day rendered a verdict of 
 guilty. 
 
 A motion in arrest of judgment was made by counsel for 
 defendant, but this was overruled the next day. "And 
 upon this," the record recites, " it is forthwith demanded of 
 the said David Morgan, if he hath, or knoweth anything to 
 say, wherefore, the said judge here ought not, upon the pre- 
 mises and verdict of the jury aforesaid, to proceed to judg- 
 ment and execution against him ; who nothing further sayeth 
 unless as he before had said. Whereupon all and singular 
 the premises being seen, and by the said judge now here 
 fully understood, it is considered and adjudged by the court 
 here, that the said David Morgan be taken from the bar to 
 the jail of the said county of Schuyler, from whence he 
 came, and there be kept in safe aud secure custody by the 
 sheriff of said county, until Tuesday, the thirty-first day of 
 the present month of January, a. d. 1832, and from thence 
 on said day to some convenient place of execution in the 
 vicinity of the town of Rushville and within the said county 
 of Schuyler, between the hours of ten o'clock in the morn- 
 ing and two o'clock in the evening of said day, and that he 
 be then and there hanged by the neck, by the said sheriff, 
 
 or his deputy, until he is 'dead in the usual mauner,' and 
 that afterwards his body be delivered to his friends for 
 burial. And it is further ordered that the said defendant 
 pay the costs of this prosecution." 
 
 The sentence of the court was carried into effect, and on 
 the thirty-first day of January, 183*2, Morgan expiated his 
 crime— the first murderer ever hung in Schuyler county. 
 The place of execution was on the hill of Crane creek, near 
 what became known as Gallows Ford. On the county com- 
 missioners' books appear several items of expense connected 
 , with the confinement aud hanging of Morgan. Thomas 
 Hayden, deputy sheriff, was allowed one hundred and 
 twenty-two dollars and fifty cents for board and attention to 
 him while he was confined as prisoner. Various persons were 
 paid for guarding the jail. Dr. Benjamin V. Teel was paid 
 fifty dollars for medical services, and the bill of Joel Pen- 
 nington, sheriff, for the expenses attending his execution was 
 thirty dollars and thirty-seven cents. . 
 
 The only other executions for murder in the county were 
 those of Elias and David McFadden who were hung on the 
 sixth day of July, 1835. Elias, Wiley and David McFad- 
 den who were indicted for murder in the circuit court of 
 McDonough county, and their cases came for trial at the 
 June term of circuit court of Schuyler county in 1835, on 
 a charge of venue. The state's attorney, William A. Rich- 
 ardson, entered a nolle pros, as to Wiley McFadden, and he 
 was thereupon discharged from cus'ody. David McFadden 
 was tried on the fifth of June, 1835, and the next morning 
 the jury brought in a verdict of guilty. Elias McFadden 
 was tried aud convicted on the ninth of June, 1835, and 
 both on the el- venth of June were sentenced "to be taken 
 to the jail of the said county of Schuyler, and there be kept 
 in safe and secure custody by the sheriff of said county, 
 until the sixth day of July, a. d., 1835, and from thence 
 on said day to some convenient place of execution in the 
 vicinity of the town of Rushville, and within said county of 
 Schuyler, between the hours of ten in the morning and four 
 o'clock in the evening of said day," and that they be then 
 and there hanged by the neck by said sheriff or his deputy 
 "until dead in the usual mauner." 
 
 The crime for which the McFaddens were convicted was 
 the murder of John Wilson in McDonough county. Wilson 
 was killed on the sixth of November, 1831. Stephen T 
 Logan was on the bench during the trials. The state's 
 attorney was William A. Richardson The McFaddens 
 were defended by William A. Minshall. They were hanged 
 on Crane creek hill, where Crane creek is crossed by the 
 lower road leading to Frederick, the same place where David 
 Morgan was executed iii 1832, and their execution was wit- 
 nessed by a large concourse of people. 
 
 The jury which tried David McFadden was composed of 
 Benjamin Hinman, Samuel Dennis, Ferguson Graham, 
 James Teel, Samuel Hinman, George Lampkins, John W. 
 Malone, John Whitmore, Robert A. Glenn, Benjamin Gold- 
 son, Samuel Baty and Philip W. Howes. The jury in the 
 trial of Elias McFadden was made up of William Peak, 
 William Barker, Ransalear Wells, Samuel Eads, Richard 
 Louderback, Seeley Owen, Luke Owen, William Brooks,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 107 
 
 John Strong, Elijah Morris, Thomas Hewlin, and George D. 
 Kirkhaus. 
 
 William Fraim was indicted at the June term of the cir- 
 cuit court, 1838, for a murder committed in this county. 
 At the next term of court he was granted a change of venue 
 to Hancock county, and there directed to be tried in April, 
 1839. He was tried there, convicted and executed. 
 
 JUDGES OF THE CIRCUIT COURT. 
 
 On the organization of the county it belonged to the First 
 Judicial .Circuit, of which John York Sawyer was judge. 
 He presided over the first session of the circuit court held in 
 the county, November, 1825, and also over the October 
 term, 1826. During the years 1827 and 1828, Samuel D. 
 Lockwood held court in Schuyler county. The Fifth Judi- 
 cial Circuit was created in January, 1829, and Richard M. 
 Young was elected by the General Assembly judge of this 
 circuit His name is signed to the proceedings of the circuit 
 courts of Schuyler county from 1829 to 1836, except the 
 June term, 1835, which, in the absence of Judge Young, 
 was presided over by Stephen T. Logan, then Judge of the 
 First Judicial District. On the resignation of Judge Young 
 in January, 1837, James H. Ralston was commissioned as 
 Judge of the Fifth Circuit, and was on the bench at the cir- 
 cuit courts of Schuyler county till 1839. His successor was 
 Peter Lott, who held the December term, 1839. 
 
 Stephen A. Douglas then held the different terms of court 
 from April, 1841, to April, 1843. The September term, 
 1843, and the April and September terms, 1844, were pre- 
 sided over by Jesse B. Thomas. Richard M. Young was on 
 the bench at the April term, 1845. From the September 
 term, 1845, to the year 1848, Norman H. Purple was judge. 
 David M. Woodson was on the bench at the March term, 
 1849. From the November term, 1849, to the April term, 
 1853, William A. Minshall was judge. Pinckney H. 
 Walker then presided over the sessions of the cotirt from 
 the April term, 1853, to the October term, 1*57, with the 
 exception of the October term, 1853, when Judge H. M. 
 Weed was present. John S. Bailey then held the terms of 
 court from October, 1858, to the May term, 1-861. Chaun- 
 cey L. Higbee then began a long term of service on the 
 bench of the Schuyler circuit court, extending from the 
 October term, 1861, to the May term, 1877. He presided 
 over every term of the circuit court held in the county dur- 
 ing this period of sixteen years. Simeon P. Shope held the 
 October term, 1877, and each term subsequently till after 
 the October term, 1881. John H. Williams presided at the 
 April term, 1882. 
 
 Since 1873 Schuyler county was composed in part of the 
 Sixth Judicial Circuit, the judges of which are ChauuceyL. 
 Higbee, Simeon P. Shope and John H. Williams. 
 
 PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS. 
 
 At the November term, 1825, John Turney, Attorney- 
 General pro tern. At the term in 1826, James Turney, the 
 Attorney-General.'' May term, 1827, Jonathan H. Pugh. 
 October term, 1827, and subsequently, William Thomas, 
 1831, and subsequently, Thomas Ford. November, 1835, 
 
 and afterward, William A. Richardson. March, 1837 ( 
 Henry L. Bryant. December term, 1839, and subsequently, 
 William Elliott. April term, 1846, James Johnson. Au- 
 gust term, 1846, and afterward, Onias C Skinner. August 
 term, 1850, to April term, 1852, Robert S. Blackwell. April 
 term, 1853, to October term, 1857, John S. Bailey. Octo- 
 ber term, 1858, to October term, 1860 (with exception of 
 May term, 1859, when De Witt C. Johnston acted as States 
 attorney pro tern.) L. H. Waters. May term, 1861, to Oc- 
 tober term, 1867, Thomas E. Morgan. October term, 1867, 
 and May and October terms, 1868, L. H. Waters. May 
 term, 1869, to October term, 1872, Lisle W. James. May 
 term, 1873, to October term, 1876, Edward P. Vail. May 
 term, 1877, and to present time, Sylvanus B. Montgomery. 
 
 PROBATE COURT. 
 
 Hart Fellows was appointed the first judge of probate 
 and took the oath of office before the judge of the circuit 
 court at the October term, 1826. The first records of the 
 court begin with the 28th of July, 1827, when, " in pursu- 
 ance of the statute in such cases made and provided," a 
 court of probate was begun and held at Rushville in and for 
 the county of Schuyler. 
 
 The first action of the court was in reference to the ap- 
 pointment of a guardian for Anderson Walker. " It having 
 been represented to this court," says the record, " that An- 
 derson Walker is an orphan minor under the age of four- 
 teen years, and no reason being shown why John Thompson 
 is not a proper person to be appointed guardian, and he hav- 
 ing entered into bond as required by law : It is ordered, 
 That the said John Thompson be and he is hereby appointed 
 guardian of the said Anderson Walker." The arrangement 
 of this matter concluded the business of the session. 
 
 The next probate court was held on the eighteenth of the 
 following August. On the oaths of Thompson Stanberry and 
 Jesse Bartlett, that Solomon Stanberry was deceased, and 
 that he died intestate, the two first named parties were ap- 
 pointed administrators of the estate. A schedule and ap- 
 praisement of the estate, exhibited to the court on the 17th 
 of September, showed a valuation of $159.75. Debts of the 
 deceased were paid amounting to $47.46, and eighty dollars 
 allowed to Stanberry, one of the administrators, for money 
 loaned deceased before his death, leaving a balance of 
 83229. 
 
 The appraisement of the Stanberry estate was as follows, 
 as shown by the list now on the records : 
 
 1 yoke of oxen and 1 yoke 135.00 
 
 1 " " " 30.00 
 
 1 " " " • 25.00 
 
 1 " " " 25.00 
 
 1 steer 10.00 
 
 1 rifle gun • 10.00 
 
 1 turning lathe • . . , 4.00 
 
 1 ax . . • 50 
 
 1 split basket 50 
 
 5 deer skins 2.50 
 
 10 bushels of corn 2.50 
 
 300 pounds of pork 6.75 
 
 1 kip skin • 3.00
 
 108 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 J side sole leather • .... 2.00 
 
 1 old copper watch , 1.00 
 
 1 cow bell 2.00 
 
 1 159.75 
 It appearing to the court that Thompson Stanberry was a 
 partner of the said Solomon Stanberry, deceased, and equal- 
 ly interested in the property described in the above schedule, 
 It is ordered that $79,871 be set apart to the said Thomp- 
 son Stanberry and deducted from the above amount. 79.87J 
 
 $79 87J 
 
 Subsequently is this order : It appearing to this court 
 that Thompson Stanberry has appropriated to his own use 
 and benefit the property valued as the estate of Solomon. 
 Stanberry, deceased — It is therefore ordered that he be • 
 charged and made liable to said estate in the sum of $79.87 i. 
 
 The second estate appraised under the direction of the 
 probate court was that of Samuel Root. There are two 
 hundred and fifty-seven items on the appraisement list, 
 amounting in all to $1050.14. This personal property was 
 sold on the 5th of January, 1830, and brought 720.19. 
 
 February 1828, on the choice of Reuben Locke, an or- 
 phau minor over the age of fourteen years, the court ap- 
 pointed Samuel Locke to be his guardian in the place of 
 Samuel Turner who had previously acted in that capacity. 
 February, 1829, Cornelius Vandeventer was appointed guar- 
 dian to four of his own children, minors, they having become 
 possessed of, and entitled to, certain real and personal estate 
 not derived from their father. 
 
 There is an entry on the record in July, 1831, reciting 
 that George Everett (killed iu May, 1831, by David Morgan, 
 for which the latter was tried aud executed) had died intestate, 
 having at the time of his decease personal property in this 
 state, and appointing Benjamin Chadsey administrator of 
 his goods and chattels, rights and credits, and Elijah M. 
 Wilson, John Green and Moses G. Wilson, appraisers. His 
 effects were appraised at $39.37* cents, and when sold on the 
 1st day of August, 1831, brought $30.45. A cloth coat 
 sold, by far, for the largest sum, bringing eleven dollars. 
 An axe wassold for $3.37 i and a " fine Marseilles vest" for 
 twelve and a half cents. Among the allowances against 
 the estate was that of $11.25, made to John P. Skiles, coro- 
 ner, for holding the inquest and burial expenses. The auc- 
 tioneer charged fifty cents for his services. The probate 
 court fees were $1.15. On the settlement of the estate 
 $6.48 remained after payment of all allowances. 
 
 FIRST WILLS OX RECORD. 
 
 The making of wills seems to have been unusual with the 
 early residents of the county. The earliest will recorded is 
 that of Roswell B. Fenner, which was admitted to probate 
 on the 14th of December, 1832. It is as follows verbatim : 
 
 Schuyler county \ 
 State of Illinois ) 
 
 Know all persons by these presents that I, Roswell B. 
 F enner, know on a bed of affliction perfectly in my senceys 
 and reason doo will all my personal property and real es- 
 
 tate to my loving wife Mary Fenner her lifetime, at her 
 diseas to belong to Henry and Parmela Hampton and their 
 heairs forever. Signed sealed and delivered in the presents 
 of this the 20 twenteth of November 1832 eighteen hundred 
 and thirty too. 
 
 R. B. Fennor. [seal] 
 
 John M. Campbell, [seal.] 
 
 his 
 
 John x Hollisgsworth. [seal.] 
 
 mark. 
 
 Stephen A. St. Cyr. [seal.] . 
 
 The above will was evidently 'drawn by an unpracticed 
 and unscholarlv hand. The second will probated shows, on 
 the other hand, marks of legal knowledge and skill in the 
 use of language. It is as follows : 
 
 I, William Maulove, of the county of Schuyler, and State 
 of Illinois, being weak in body, but of sound mind and 
 memory, do make and establish this my last will and testa- 
 ment, hereby revoking all others : 
 
 First It is my will that after my death my body be in- 
 terred by the side of my deceased wife in a plain, decent 
 coffin, not stained. 
 
 Second. That all my just debts be paid ; that, if necessary, 
 sufficient of my personal property be sold for that purpose. 
 
 Third. After payment of all my just debts and funeral ex- 
 penses, I do hereby devise and bequeath to David R 
 Manlove, George W. Manlove, and John H. Manlove 
 my farm, to wit : The west half of the southwest quarter 
 of section eighteen, in township two, North, in range one, 
 west, and the southeast quarter of section thirteen, in 
 township two, north, in range two, west of the 4th prin- 
 cipal meridian, together with all aud singular the improve- 
 ments, privileges, and appurtenances thereof, all my stock 
 consisting of horses, and cattle, hogs, and sheep, and all my 
 household furniture, (except such as shall be hereinafter ex- 
 cepted), to be held in common until the said John H. Man- 
 love shall arrive to the age of twenty-one years, then the 
 said farm aud other property above mentioned to be divided 
 between the said David R, George W., and John H., 
 equally, each, i.ne-third part, to be divided by three men to 
 be chosen by them, the said David R., John H., and George 
 W., each to choose one. 
 
 Fourth. I do also bequeath to my son, Jonathan Q. Man- 
 love, one yoke of steers, called Bully and Duke. 
 
 Fifth. I give aud bequeath to my son, William L. Man- 
 love, one yoke of steers, called Buck and Berry, the said 
 steers to be delivered to the said Jonathan and William in 
 the month of January a. d. 1834. 
 
 Sixth. I give and bequeath to my daughter, Sally Howell, 
 thirty dollars. 
 
 Seventh. I give and bequeath to my daughter, Mary 
 Beard, sixty dollars. 
 
 Eighth. I give aud bequeath to my daughter, Anna Tharp, 
 twenty dollars. 
 
 Ninth. I give and bequeath to my daughter, Rachel 
 Chadsey, ninety dollars. 
 
 Tenth. I give and bequeath to Polly Betts, fifty dollars,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 109 
 
 if she remain and live with my family until she shall arrive 
 at the age of eighteen years. 
 
 Eleventh. I give and bequeath to my two grandsons, 
 Manlove R. Raper, and Augustus F. Raper, one hundred 
 and fifty dollars, each, to be paid to them when they shall 
 arrive at the age of twenty-one years. 
 
 Twelfth. It is my will that in case my sons, Jonathan Q. 
 and William L. shall lose their land, or any part thereof, to 
 wit : The southeast quarter of section thirty-six, in town, 
 ship one, north, in range two, west, and eighteen acres, part 
 of the northeast quarter of said section thirty-six by reason 
 of the title being bad, the loss shall be sustain ed by my five 
 sons, each bearing an equal share of the loss, including the 
 expenses of defending the title. 
 
 Thirteenth. It is my will that my sons, David R., George 
 W., and John H., receive from my executors moneys 
 sufficient to complete their education, not exceeding the 
 value of their personal property, and also to complete th e 
 dwelling-house and barn now being built on the farm herein 
 bequeathed to them. 
 
 Fourteenth. It is my will that whatever balance shall be 
 found remaining in the hands of my executors after paying 
 my just debts, funeral expenses, and the legacies hereinbe- 
 fore mentioned be equally divided between my five sons, to 
 wit: William L. Manlove, Jonathan Q. Manlove, David R- 
 Manlove, George W. Manlove, and John H. Manlove. 
 
 Fifteenth. It is my will that if any open account shall be 
 found by executors standing against any of my children that 
 the same be considered as closed and paid. 
 
 Sixteenth. It is my will that my executors immediately 
 after my decease take possession of all my moneys and papers 
 and dispose of them as herein directed, and I do hereby ap- 
 point Hart Fellows and David E. Blair, executors of this 
 my last will and testament. 
 
 Seventeenth- It is my will that any stock of leather now 
 in tan be received by my executors when worked out and 
 sold on a credit of one, two, and three years, and that means 
 be furnished by my executors to purchase whatever bark, 
 oil, and tallow may be necessary to finish the leather now in 
 tan as aforesaid. 
 
 Eighteenth. It is my will that seventy dollars worth of 
 leather, or more, if wanted, be sold to John B. Maffett and 
 David S. Taylor, by my executors, out of the first of my 
 leather tanned out on a credit of one year. In testimony 
 whereof, I hereunto set my hand and seal, and publish and 
 declare this to be my last will and testament, this sixteenth 
 (16) day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand 
 eight hundred and thifty-three. 
 
 Wm. Manlove, seal. 
 
 Signed, sealed, and acknowledged in the presence of us. 
 
 John F. Charles, 
 Will Mayfield, 
 - I. B. Teery, 
 
 Cyrus L. Watson. 
 
 To this will there is a codicil directing that his executors 
 purchase nine family Bibles of the best quality and give to 
 
 each of his children one (except his son, William, to whom 
 he had given the family Bible), and one also to each of his 
 two grandsons, Manlove and Augustus Raper. 
 
 probate judges. 
 
 Hart Fellows, 1 826, 1833 ; Henry B. Bertholf, 1833, 1837 
 Adams Dunlap, 1837, 1847; James L. Anderson, 1847, 1849. 
 Dunlap and Anderson were probate justices of the peace. 
 After the adoption of the constitution of 1848 and the organ- 
 ization of the county court, the county judge was given juris- 
 diction of probate matters, which he has since retained. 
 William Ellis, 1849, 1857; De Witt C.Johnston, 1857,1861 ; 
 James L. Anderson, 1861,1865 (died in office); Ephraim 
 J. Pemberton, 1865 to present time. 
 
 FIRST DEED RECORDED. 
 
 The first deed on record is a conveyance for the consider- 
 ation of fifty dollars, of the northeast quarter of section 
 31, township 2 north, range 1 west, from William W. Sayles 
 to Edward Boyleston, both of the town of Manlius, Onon- 
 daga county, New York. The deed is as follows : 
 
 This Indenture, made the twenty-fifth day of September, 
 in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and 
 twenty-four, between William W. Sayles, of the town of 
 Manlius, in the county of Onondaga, of the first part, and 
 Edward Boyleston, of the same place, of the second part. 
 Witnesseth, That the said party of the first part for and in 
 consideration of the sum of fifty dollars current money of the 
 United States to him in hand paid by the said party of the sec- 
 ond part the receipt whereof is hereby confessed and ac- 
 knowledged has remised released and quit claimed and by 
 these presents doth remise release and quit claim unto the said 
 party of the second part in his actual possession now being and 
 to his heirs and assigns forever. All that certain part or parcel 
 of land known and distinguished as the northeast quarter of 
 section 31 in township 2 north in range 1 west of the tract 
 appropriated by the Act of Congress for Military Bounties 
 in the territory of Illinois containing one hundred and sixty 
 acres, together with all and singular the hereditaments and 
 appurtenances thereunto belonging or in anywise appertain- 
 ing and the reversion and reversions remainder and remain- 
 ders rents issues and profits thereof and also all the estate right 
 title interest claim or demand whatsoever of the said party 
 of the first part either in law or equity of in and to the above 
 bargained premises and every part and parcel thereof to the 
 said party of the second part his heirs and assigns to the sole 
 and only proper use benefit and behoof of the said party of 
 the second part his heirs and assigns forever. 
 
 In witness whereof the party of the first part hath here- 
 unto set his hand and seal the day and year first above 
 mentioned. 
 
 (Signed) William W. Sayles, L.S. 
 
 Sealed and delivered in the presence of — 
 Alvan Marsh. 
 
 This deed was acknowledged on the 25th of September, 
 1824, before John Fleming, commissioner of Onondaga
 
 110 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 county, New York, and was recorded in this county on the 
 1st day of November, 1825. 
 
 The second deed on record is from Ossian M. Ross and 
 Mary, his wife, of the county of Fulton, and state of Ill- 
 inois, to Thomas Blair, and for the consideration of five 
 dollars conveys the southeast quarter of section 8, township 
 1 north, range 1 west. The land is described in the deed 
 (made in October, 1824) as in the county of Pike, Schuyler 
 county not then having been organized. 
 
 The third recorded deed was executed at Baltimore Mary- 
 land, on the 29th day of July, 1824, between William 
 Stansbury and Louis Barney, both of the city of Baltimore. 
 Stansbury, for the consideration of eighteen hundred dollars 
 conveys to Barney nineteen quarter sections of land in the 
 Military Tract, noue of which is now in Schuyler county- 
 One quarter section is now in Brown county, then a part of 
 Schuyler. 
 
 EARLY MARRIAGES. 
 
 The following list includes the first one hundred marriages 
 in Schuyler county after its organization as appears from 
 the licenses and certificates. 
 
 No. ofLicen. Date. Name. By Whom Married. Date of Marriage. 
 
 William H. Taylor to T . „ T „ «, „- ,„„- 
 
 1 November 21, 1826, Elizabeth Spoonamore, Levln Grcen ' L ' P -' 1,m ' **' 182 °' 
 
 Jaiues Lamney to De- Thomas Blair, _. .„ 1(K)C 
 
 2 February 8, 1826, Ilia I Keller County Commissioner. e °- "■ 1Sib - 
 
 Samuel Green, toCaro- T • ^- * m -.r v «» tu u 
 
 3 March 14, 1826 . . line Trainer ..... Lcvln Gre€n - L - P -> March 16, 1826. 
 
 4 June 27, 1826 .... SailyTean 8 "'*?" . l ° J «« e Bartlett, Esq., June 28, 1826. 
 
 James Dean to Rachel T „. ,, „„ T „ „„, ,„ 100 c 
 
 5 Sept. 16, 1826 . . . Davis Levin Green, L. P., Sept. 19, 182C. 
 
 Cornelius Vandeventer ™,, « v v ^ . n . , D , e 
 
 6 October 25, 1826 . . to Susan McFarlin. . . Thomas McKee, Esq., Oct. 25, 1826. 
 
 John P. Skiles to Elea- T . „ T „ „ „, , „_ 
 
 7 May 30, 1827 .. . nor Spoonemore . . . LeTln Green - L - P ' Ma y 31 - 182T - 
 
 William Skiles toSaruh „ . ^ „ ., .. „ n , of w 
 
 8 Nov. 26, 1827. . . .Perkins Hart Fe»ows, ESQ-. Nov. 29, 1827. 
 
 9 Januaiy 25, 1828 .. . to'&phr'ooU Cnadse" Tho » D"™' ^^ ■ ■ Jan ' 26 > 1828 ' 
 
 10 Feb. 3, 1828 i™Ter LO88, ° nt . 0l)0llyH »rt Fel "' w8 . E »1- • Feb - 3 - 1828 - 
 
 11 March 14, 1828 .. . Lema^terT T. *?"** M - W - Pe«'8"». Eaq. March 18,1828 
 
 12 April 4, 1828 ... . Sau'yXgesf "'' '° * »■ Petti S rew ' **• A P ril * 1828 ' 
 
 13 May 3, 1828. pShff^ '" ^ M - *■ *"«««•». **■ M <* 5 - 1828 " 
 
 Koswell Brines to De- .,. t, • x. x, . , ,ono 
 
 14 Aug. 12, 1828.. . . lila Norton Thomas Davis, Esq. . May 14, 1828. 
 
 David Beebe to Rebec- »__.«.« r> ■ ^ . k ,o<»o 
 
 15 October 4, 1828 . . . M D llpt y Hart Fellows, Esq . . Oct. 5, 1828. 
 
 John Wilson to Martha T . T „ T „ ~ , ~ n , OOQ 
 
 16 Oct. 19, 1628 Vance John Lo K" n > L - p - • ■ O *- 3°' 1828 - 
 
 James Trainer to Mary .,., ., v n 
 
 17 Dec. 25, 1828 . . . -Shields t ConTmMoner Dec. 25, 1828. 
 
 18 April 2, 1829 ... . c^Hoilln^worth ^ 'rbcSTSVTW- '• April 2, 1829. 
 
 19 May 12, 1829. . . . £«&???* ^ Hart Fellow9 - Es « ■ ■ May 14, 1829. 
 
 20 June 6, 1829 SXr 1 n RU8e " OLydiaj » mea Vance, Esq . . June 7,1829. 
 
 21 July 8, 1829 ggS. IZh*""' ,0 John Logan, L. P. . . July 9, 1829. 
 
 22 July 8, 1829. . . . Sh ctr^ !° .^James Vance, Esq. . July 9, 1829. 
 
 23 July 8, 1829 . . . •AulaA 1 "' t0 KaDCy John Logan, "L. P . . Ju'y 9, 1829. 
 
 24 Ju.y 8, 1829 ... . **£»« &*Z£ ***> Green, L. P . . Ju!y 9, 1829. 
 
 25 July 8, 1829 ^S^!'. Xan ' Thomas Davis, Esq . . July 9, 1829. 
 
 26 July 30, ..829 ^ t "j; u U t NMltu Uar - John Logan, L. P. . Aug. 2, 1829. 
 
 •27 Aug. 2, 1829 ^ %%$? "> Ttn - Levin Green, L. P . . Aug. 6, 1829. 
 
 28 Aug. 5, 1829 .... M^VnntgTn * Th ° ma8 McKeC ' ** " *"*' 6 ' 1829 ' 
 
 29 Aug. 7, 1829. . . • Ley Carter. '." ! ] '. '. James Vance, Esq . . Aug. 13, 1829. 
 
 30 Sept. 8, 1829 . . . . ^ n Hanuncr t0 Jane P. Cartwright, L. P . Sept. 8, 1829. 
 
 31 Sept. 24, 1829. . . . *^ r Ga - v to """^ Hart Fellows, Esq . . Sept. 24, 1829. 
 
 32 Sept. 26, 1829. . . . ^ScKee""" 8 K^!"!" *™ McKee, Esq . Oct. 1, 1829. 
 
 33 Sept. 29,1829 . . . . {^a^artin"" l ° **" ThomM McKee Esq. Oct. 2, 1829. 
 
 34 Nov. 5, 1829 . . . . ^j^^ .'° *?T James Vance, Esq . . Nov. 22, 1829. 
 
 35 Dec. 2, 1829. Jv" Pe'imington ° ^^ Thomas McKce ' ^ ' DeC - 2> 1829 - 
 
 No. of Lieen. Date. 
 30 Dec. 16, 1829 . . . 
 
 37 Dec. 18, 1829 . . . 
 
 38 Dec. 20, 1829 . . . 
 
 39 Jan. 13, 1830 . . . 
 
 40 Jan. 13,1830. . . 
 
 41 Feb. 6, 1830 . . . 
 
 42 Feb. 6, 1830 . . . 
 
 43 Mar. 21, 1830 . . . 
 
 44 Mar. 21, 1830 . . . 
 
 45 April 18, 1830 . . . 
 
 46 May 15, 1830 . . . 
 
 47 May 18, 1830 . . . 
 
 48 June 5, 1830 . . . 
 
 49 June 9, 1830 . . . 
 
 50 June 12, 1830 . . . 
 
 51 June 25, 1830 . . . 
 '52 Aug. 16, 1830 . . . 
 53 Sept. 11, 1830 . . . 
 64 Sept. 14, 1830 . . . 
 
 55 Sept. 29, 1830. . . 
 
 56 Oct. 7, 1830. . . . 
 
 57 Oct. 8, 1830 .... 
 
 58 Oct.28, 1830 . . . 
 
 59 Nov. 7, 1830. . . . 
 
 60 Nov. 22, 1830 . . . 
 
 61 Nov. 25, 1830 . . . 
 
 62 December 2, 1830 . 
 
 63 Decembor 6, 1830 . 
 
 64 December 11, 1830 
 
 65 December 14, 1830 
 
 66 December 18, 1830 
 
 67 Jan. 11, 1831 . . 
 
 68 Jan. 31,1831 . . 
 
 69 Feb. 5, 1831 . . . 
 
 70 Feb; 7, 1831 . . . 
 
 71 Feb. 17, 1831 . . 
 
 72 Feb. 26, 1831 . . 
 
 73 Mar. 18, 1831 . . 
 
 74 Mar. 23,1831. . 
 
 75 Mar. 30, 1831 . . 
 
 76 April 2, 1831 . . 
 
 77 April 12, 1831 . . 
 
 78 April 27, 1831 . . 
 
 79 April 25, 1831 . . 
 
 80 May 28, 1831 . . 
 
 81 June 6, 1831 . . 
 
 82 June 23, 1831 . . 
 
 83 June 30, 1831 . . 
 
 84 July 16, 1831 . . 
 86 July 16, 1831 . . 
 
 86 July 23,1831 . . 
 
 87 July 29, 1831 . . 
 
 88 July 29, 1831 . . 
 
 89 August 10, 1831 . 
 
 90 August 11, 1831. 
 
 91 Sept. 24, 1831 . . 
 
 Name. By Whom Married. Date of Marriage 
 
 SSft^S^f '° '««• v -™- *<> • • D - «. * 8 *>- 
 
 HnTnun " U '" C ,U Ma " C - Vandeventer, Esq . Dec. 20, U». 
 
 Robert B. Sexton to , ,»,,,, x- 
 ■ Lucinda Wright . . ■ )oei Tul118 - ^ ■ • 
 David Richardson to , M r, .... Xf - 
 I'at-.v Stewart . . . . A»D.We*,M.G. 
 
 • S a eTart Pm "" ".' B< ' tSt ' y AM D - WV1 »- MG • ■ J *»- ". «*» 
 
 •il,a"iv;ns" i " S ": M!ir "' 1 - W.lVttigrew,Esq. Feb. 7. !>:;„. 
 Abraham Brown to Kli- „ 
 zabeth Kiitly . 
 
 Dec. 21, IBtt. 
 Jan. 14, 1KWI. 
 
 ' Thomas l>avi*, Esq . . Feb. 14, lXMi. 
 
 Nicholas B. Ropery to _, „ T _ _, M tnnn 
 
 Betsey Hammer . . . Thomas Hew son, L. P. Mar. 21, 1830. 
 
 Joseph Mullen to Susm T . „__ T ,, 
 •Brit.on. Levm Green, LP. 
 
 Mar. 21, 1830. 
 April 18.1830. 
 
 Joseph Reno to Betsey „ _, ,, ,, „ « 
 
 • Hollhigsworth ... Hart Kllows. M 
 
 • MclntTr l e' l0r " Ade "' ne Thoma8 McK «- *« ■ «* "■ 18: »- 
 
 • %£&££?* ^ *• »• Tavlor, L. P . . May 24, ,m 
 Jmwm Allen to Nicv ,. ... B .„. _ T _ ,„„,, 
 
 • Norace . L v * * ettl 6 r(,w ' Esq. June 5 t 1830, 
 Moses Manlore to Bet- _. _,. _ . . . _, T ,_ ,_.. , 
 
 ■ ge V Hotigh M " M • Pettigrew, Esq. June 16, 1830. 
 
 Jesse Lincoln to Rachel ., T TT1 T ,„ , rt . lrt 
 
 ' Norton ° Lo ^ an » L - p - ■ • June UiM88l 
 
 Joshua Blankenship to ,. _.. , „. _ _ __ ___. 
 
 •lEay Wilsie. ... M. W. Pettigrew, Esq. June 27, 1830. 
 
 William Soiva to Phe- . . _ ... _. „. -___ 
 
 ■ be Van Winkle . . . . Joel Tull.s, Esq . . . Aag.J8.18Sa 
 
 Redmau H. Logsdon to.. „, _ _ ■__«.•** ,.. 
 
 • Emelim DicksJn . . . John Baker, L. P. . . -Sept. 12, 1830. 
 
 Thoma W. Taylor to - . .. 
 
 'BotbCudntaaw. . . Hart lellows. Esq. . . Sept. 14, 1830. 
 
 Samuel B. Shaffer to „ . ., „ „ . ' _ ,., , 
 
 • Harriet Emerich . . . Hart lellows, Ls.] . . Sept. 30, 1830. 
 Joel Conrod to Hannah ,. „. „ ... _ -_. m ,„„„ 
 
 ' BdmotMtoo M. W.Pettigrew, Esq. Oct. 7, 1830. 
 
 Jonathan Clifton to • 
 
 ' Marv Teas nart •"•"«, Esq . . Oct. 8, 1830. 
 
 William Putnam to Pat- ... T „ ~_. _- ____ 
 
 ■ sey Smith John Ixjgan, L. P . . Oct. 28, 1830. 
 
 Nicholas Rice to Eliza , , _, „. „ _ ^ ,_„ 
 
 • jj^ k Joel Tullis, E6q. . . . Nov. 7, 1830. 
 
 Daniel A. Edmonston to ,_ ... _, ... _ /. ^ ,- ,„.,„ 
 
 ' Cynthian Naught . . . M. V. Pettlgrew, Esq . Oct. 2o, 1830. 
 
 AVilliam Briscoe, to , , „ t T „ 
 
 • Mary Ausemus .... John Foster . h P • ■ 
 William Noble to Nan- T , _, ... ^ 
 
 ■cy Van Winkle. . . . Joel Tullis, Esq . . . 
 Stephen D. Hanibaugh - _ . ^ „ 
 toElmiiaStone.. . . C. V andeventer Esq 
 
 William S. Berry to 
 
 Catherine Johnson . . John ^Pin, L. P . 
 
 Frederick Noble to Ag- ^. _, ^ 
 
 ' nes Dark Thomas McKee. Esq . 
 
 Oct. 27, 1830. 
 Dec. 5, 1830. 
 Dec 22, mm. 
 Dec. 16. 18:K). 
 Dec. 15, 1830. 
 Dec. 20, 1830. 
 
 ' Tocke 
 
 Preston Ishmael to Pol- ,, ,. . „ T .-, ..... 
 
 " lv Mi \niisli C. V Mideventer, Esq. . Jan. In, 18:11. 
 
 Caleb Rilev to Sophia ,, T TT , t,..., ,.„ 
 
 ' Black J olin ^OKa 11 ' L - ' • ■ • Feb - 4 > ,H '' 1 - 
 
 John Kinuer to Mary „ , „ . _, ^ , . ,„„, 
 
 •Reynolds Samuel Bogart, Esq. . Feb. 5,1831. 
 
 Samuel Hall to Nancy -. „ , aort - 
 
 • Thomson IsMC lMBe - »*•--■ F <*- 10, 1830. 
 
 ^::;'" r t Wa " d .'° ."!* James Bankson. H. G. Feb. 17, USL 
 Thninas T. Lancaster to T _ _, 
 
 • Elizabeth Jacks, m. . . Isaac Lane, Esq . . 
 William Robertson to T , _, 
 
 • Bet-ey Kirkland . . . Is " ac Lan «. ^"l- • 
 A\ illiain S. Manlove to „ _ ... . _ „ 
 HUabatoBurk.. . . ' ■ L " atwn, L. P 
 Thomas Redicks to Eli- i(L 
 
 • za DcWitt Hartfellows, Esq 
 
 R„t»'rt N. Chaosej to . . _ . . „ 
 
 • Rachel Manlove . . . John Foe,CT . L - P 
 Clement Cavender to , , . . . _ 
 
 • Oomfortfflaven . . . . John Foster. L. P . 
 Reason Pniter to Lavi- _ . „ 
 
 • na Saltabai v ^^ **—• "K ■ 
 
 • EThiriT 11 ,0 . M . artha Hart Ft * lluws - *« 
 
 John J. Keaton to Eli T , T - — 
 
 • ubeth Shelton .... J" hn ^W' L - p ■ 
 Thomas Morgan to Emi- , . „ 
 
 ' ly Ilol»-rts,,n , *" ,e Lane " ■" ■ ' 
 
 John Young to Sarah T . c . ra t „ 
 
 M.<r,,rv. John senppa, L. P 
 
 •2n"z»£^ to8 r **»*«*-," 
 
 ■:^:ru::r" , ".' Vre -nartFe.U,«,,-„ 
 
 Georg,- Wilson to Re-., . cl . :1 ^. -, Jrt 
 
 •beccaWallis M. J. Sklles. Esq. 
 
 _j>.lm ..gl,-» to Byntha s(UV|k , 
 
 ^ r !f n S:l " U ; '° M " rtlm Levin Green LP. 
 ThcHMlore Hitt to Re- ,, , .. ,, , ,. 
 beoeaBro-m. - . . "art trtlo*., Esq 
 John s. MjutbIi to Marv,, , nun . ■ 
 AnnGibaon.. . . ,,; Hart 1 elk™ n 1.-,, . 
 
 William Trainer to n^^. v — x-„„ 
 Hannah Owen Hart Fellows, hsq 
 
 ^nT,,-;ay m, :' ,,a -' , --''^-,Ks, 1 
 
 Mar. 1, 1831. 
 Ku.ZL.t8SL 
 
 Mar. 29. 1831. 
 Mar. 30,1831. 
 April 3, 1B31, 
 April 17,1831. 
 April tt, 1831. 
 April 26, 1831. 
 May 29. MIL 
 June 8, MB. 
 June 23, 1831. 
 June 30, 1831. 
 July 16, 1831. 
 July 17, 1831. 
 July 14, 1831. 
 Aug. 2, 1831. 
 July 29, 1831. 
 Aug. 11. 1831. 
 Sept. 1. MSI. 
 Sept. 2.i. 1831.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Ill 
 
 No. of Lican. Date. Name. By Whom Married. 
 
 92 Sept. 29, 1831. . . .^ n D , «^ rt J' toAm8 -HartreUow 8 ,E. q . 
 
 93 Oct 1831 James H. Spiva to Nathaniel ]i arr j s Esq. Oct. 9, 1831. 
 w uu. o, iwi Kh euuniv t nend . . . °, —i i 
 
 Date of Marriage 
 Sept. 29, 1831. 
 
 94 Oct. 9, 1831 . 
 
 • Kh euamy Frie 
 Alfred Wallace to Bet- 
 
 ' sey Skilert 
 
 Harvey Sk: 
 • I). M. Justi 
 
 John Thurnian to Ma- 
 
 Isaac Lano, Esq . 
 
 95 Oct. 6, 1831 S a M e j« 8 n's e8,OLe " y Hart Fell0WS ' B< 1- 
 
 % Oct. 15,1831 n^Loude'rbTck': '.— Hart Fellow., Esq . . 
 
 97 Dec. 5, 1831 ... • llaiVart. 1 .'™' * ^f Hten» Lester, Esq 
 
 98 Dec. 12, 1831 ... . ^ e IsaaM to Sinia Thomas McKee, Esq 
 
 99 Dec. 12, 1831 ... . %*J& ,0 . N "" Cy **■ Logan, L. P . 
 100 Dec. 12, 1831 ... . §££ **?* ^""^ Juhn ^'PP 8 ' L ' P ' ■ 
 
 Oct. 9, 1831. 
 Oct. 13, 1831. 
 Oct. 10, 1831. 
 Dec. 8, 1831 
 Dec 14, 1831. 
 Dec. 16, 1831. 
 Dec. 12, 1831. 
 
 The spelling of the above uames is according to that of the 
 original licenses. The "L. P." following, the name of the 
 person performing the marriage ceremony indicated that he 
 was a Local Preacher. Where " Esq." is found it is under- 
 stood of course, as a designation for " Justice of the Peace.'' 
 
 DELEGATES TO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. 
 
 In the constitutional convention of 1847 William A. 
 Minshall was the delegate from Schuyler county. John P. 
 Richmond represented the county in the constitutional 
 convention of 1862. The constitution framed by this 
 convention was rejected by the people. In the consti- 
 tutional convention of 1870, which gave to the people of the 
 state their present constitution, Jesse C. Fox was the dele- 
 gate from this county. 
 
 THE COUNTY IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 
 
 On the organization of the county it was placed in a sen- 
 atorial district with Pike, Fulton, Adams, Morgan and 
 Peoria counties. Archibald Job^ of Morgan county, was 
 the state senator from this district in the Fifth General As- 
 sembly, 1826-1828. The representative in the same Gen- 
 eral Assembly was William Sim, who was elected from a 
 district comprising, beside Schuyler, Pike, Adams, Fulton 
 and Peoria. In the Sixth and Seventh General Assemblies, 
 1828-1830 and 1830-1832, the senatorial and representative 
 districts in which Schuyler county was included were the 
 same, and embraced Schuyler, Pike, Adams, Fulton, Peoria ) 
 and Jo Daviess counties. In the Sixth General Assembly 
 Henry J. Ross was the senator from this district and John 
 Turney the representative. In the Seventh General Assem- 
 bly Henry J. Ross senator, and Joel Wright, representative. 
 
 In 1832 Schuyler was in a senatorial district with Fulton, 
 Knox, Henry, Calhoun, Mercer, McDoTiough and Warren. 
 William McCreery was the senator in the Eighth General 
 Assembly 1832-1834. In this assembly Schuyler county 
 formed a representative district by itself and elected Wil- 
 liam A. Minshall to the lower house of the legislature. 
 
 When the Ninth General Assembly, 1834-1836, convened, 
 George W. P. Maxwell was the senator from the district 
 comprising Schuyler, Fulton, Knox, Calhoun, McDonough, 
 and Warren counties Jacob Vandeventer was in the house 
 of representatives from Schuyler. 
 
 In 1836 Schuyler county was in a senatorial district by 
 itself, as well as representative. George W. P. Maxwell 
 was the senator and William A. Minshall the representative 
 in the Tenth General Assembly, 1836-1838. In the Elev- 
 
 enth General Assembly, 1838-1840, William A Richardson 
 was senator and John Brown, representative. In 1840 
 Schuyler and Brown comprised together a senatorial district 
 with William A. Richardson the state senator in the 
 Twelfth General Assembly, 1840-1842, William A. Min- 
 shall was elected to the house of representatives. Jacob 
 Vandeventer was state senator from Schuyler and Brown in 
 the Thirteenth General Assembly, 1842-1844, and Samuel 
 Horner the representative from Schuyler. In the Four- 
 teenth General Assembly, 1844-1846, the senatorial repre- 
 sentation was the same, and John Brown represented the 
 county in the lower house of the legislature. In the 
 Fifteenth General Assembly, 1846-1848, John Brown was 
 promoted to be state senator from the Schuyler and Brown 
 district, and Lewis D. Erwin became the represeutative 
 from Schuyler. 
 
 In the Sixteenth General Assembly, 1848-1850, John P. 
 Richardson of Schuyler, was state senator from the sixteenth 
 senatorial district, and Jesse Darnell the representative in 
 the lower house. In the seventeenth, the senator was the 
 same, and the representative from Schuyler, Allen Persinger. 
 In the Eighteenth General Assembly 1852-1854, James M. 
 Campbell of McDonough, was the state senator from the 
 sixteenth district of which Schuyler county was a part. 
 Francis E. Bryant represented the county in the lower 
 house. The next state senator from Schuyler was John P. 
 Richmond who was in the Twenty-First and Twenty-Sec- 
 ond General Assemblies, 1858-1860 and 1860-1862. 
 
 In the Twenty-First General Assembly Lewis D. Erwin 
 was the representative, and was reelected to the twenty- 
 second. Joseph Sharon represented the county in the 
 Twenty-Third and Twenty-Fourth General Assemblies, 
 1862-1864, and 1864-1866 ; George W. Metz in the Twenty- 
 Fifth, 1866-1868 ; John Ewing in the Twenty-Sixth, 1868, 
 1870 ; Samuel S. Benson, in the Twenty-Seventh, 1870-1 872 ; 
 John M. Darnell in the Twenty-Eighth, 1 872-1874 ; James 
 De Witt in the Twenty-Ninth, 1874-1876 ; William T. Mc- 
 Creery in the Thirtieth, 1876-1878- Hosea Davis and 
 William T. McCreery in the Thirty-First, 1878-1880, and 
 William C. Reno in the Thirty-Second, 1880 1882. 
 
 Robert Brown of Schuyler county was state senator in the 
 Twenty-Ninth and Thirtieth General Assemblies. The 
 county at present is in the Thirty-Fourth senatorial district 
 with Cass, Mason, and Menard counties. 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL. 
 
 Until the year 1832 the state of Illinois formed one con- 
 gressional district. 
 
 In the apportionment under the act of 1831 Schuyler 
 county was in the Third district with the counties of Greene 
 Morgan, Sangamon, Tazewell, Macon, McLean, La Salle 
 Cook, Putnam, Peoria, Henry, Knox, Jo Daviess, Mercer, 
 Warren, Hancock, McDonough, Fulton, Adams, Pike and 
 Calhoun. 
 
 In 1843 it was placed in the Fifth district with Greene, 
 Jersey, Calhoun, Pike, Adams, Brown, Fulton, Peoria, and 
 Macoupin counties. For three terms, 1849-1851 Schuyler 
 county supplied the representative from this district,
 
 112 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 William A. Richardson. He was elected for six conse- 
 cutive terms, but during the last three terms of his service 
 was a resident of Adams county. 
 
 The apportionment act of 1852 placed it in the Fifth dis- 
 trict composed of Adams, Pike, Calhoun, Brown, Schuyler, 
 McDonough, Hancock, and Henderson. 
 
 In 1861 the county was placed in the Ninth district with 
 Fulton, Mason, Menard, Cass, McDonough, Brown and Pike 
 counties. 
 
 In the apportionment under the act of 1872 the tenth 
 district embraced Mercer, Henderson, Warren, Hancock. 
 McDonough and Schuyler counties. William H. Ray, of 
 Schuyler, was the representative from this district 1873- 
 1875, and John C. Bagby, of Schuyler, 1875-1877- 
 
 In 1882 Schuyler was placed in the Eleventh Congress- 
 ional District with Rock Island, Mercer, Henderson, War- 
 ren, Hancock and McDonough counties. 
 
 COUNTY JUDGES. 
 
 William Ellis, 1849-57 ; De Witt C. Johnston, 1857-61 ; 
 James L. Anderson, 1861-65 (Died in office) ; Ephriam J. 
 Pemberton, since 1865. 
 
 COUNTY CLERKS. 
 
 John B. Terry, 1825-27 (Resigned December, 1827); Hart 
 Fellows, 1827 -37 ; William Ellis, 1837-47 ; Nathan Moore, 
 1847-56 (Resigned Sept. 1856); Edward Bertholf, Sept. 
 1856-Dec. 1856; Chas. Neill, 1856-61 ; De Witt Johnston. 
 1861-65 ; A. L. Noble, 1865-69 ; John M. Spangler, 1869- 
 73 ; John C Scripps, 1873-77 ; Mark Bogue, since 1877. 
 
 CLERKS OF THE CIRCUIT COURT. 
 
 Hart Fellows, 1825-36 (Resigned December 28, 1836) 
 Robert A. Glenn, 1836-40; Joseph Montgomery, 1840-52 
 Lewis D. Erwin, 1852-56 ; Joseph Montgomery, 1856-60 
 Thomas J. Kinney, 1860-64 : Simon Doyle, 1864-68 ; Ed- 
 ward Bertholf, 1868-72; William Paris, 1872-80; William 
 H. H. Rader, since 1880 
 
 RECORDERS. 
 
 John B. Terry, 1825-27 ; Hart Fellows, 1827-39 ; Rich- 
 ard Dougherty, 1839-47 ; Thomas I. Garrett, 1847-49. 
 
 Since the adoption of the constitution of 1848 the circuit 
 clerks have filled the office of Recorder, Joseph Montgom- 
 ery from 1849 to 1852, and then the other circuit clerks in 
 succession as given in the list above. 
 
 SHERIFFS. 
 
 Orris McCartney, 1825-28; Joel Pennington, 1828-34 
 Thomas Hayden, 1834-38; John G- McHattan, 1838-42 
 Joseph T. Campbell, 1842-44 ; Enoch Edmonston, 1844-48 
 Asa Goodwin, 184S-50; Lewis D. Erwin, 1850 52; Asa 
 Goodwin, 1852-54: Charles Neill, 1854-56; John Hugh 
 Lawler, 1856-58; Enoch Edmonston, 1858-60; Edward 
 Bertholf, 1860-62 ; Joseph Dyson, 1862-64 ; John C. Brown, 
 1864-66 ; Joseph Dyson, 1866-68 ; Henry J. Sapp, 1868-70 
 Joseph Dyson, 1870-72; George T. Whitson, 1872-74 
 George M. Campbell, 1874-76; John A. Harvey, 1876-78 
 John C. Brown, 1878-80 ; John Neill, since 1880. 
 
 COUNTY TREASURERS. 
 
 David E. Blair, 1827-28 ; Willis O'Neal, 1828-33 ; Ed- 
 ward Doyle, 1833-34; Adams Dunlap, 1834 35; Haryy 
 Lester, 1835-36 ; Robert H. Burton, 1836-37 ; Marshall 
 Smith, March, 1837, September, 1837 ; William Cox, 1837- 
 38 (Removed) ; Clark Dennis, 1838-39 ; Joseph T. Camp- 
 bell, 1839-42 ; John Scripps, 1842-43 ; (Edward Doyle was 
 elected in August, 1842, but not furnishing bond the county 
 commissioners declared the office vacant, and appointed 
 John Scripps.) James De Witt, 1843-45 ; Felix G. Clark, 
 March, 1845 September, 1845 (To fill vacancy caused by 
 resignation of James De Witt) ; Nathan Moore, 1845 47 ; 
 Enoch Edmonston, 1849-51 ; Peter L. Campbell, 1851 61 ; 
 Simon Doyle, 1861-63 ; Enoch Edmonston, 63-65 ; Elias D. 
 Leach, 1865-67; Joseph N. Ward, 1867-69; Edwin M. 
 Anderson, 1869-71 ; George H. Nelson, 1871-73 ; Edward 
 D. Wells, 1873 77 ; Edwin Dyson, 1877-79; Augustus Nell, 
 1879-83 ; 
 
 COUNTY ASSESSORS. 
 
 Jesse Bartlett was the first assessor. The county treasur- 
 ers usually made the annual assessments. Peter H. Holmes, 
 filled the office in 1841 and 1842 ; Nathan Moore in 1843, 
 and 1844. From the latter year to 1854, the county treas- 
 urers were the assessors by virtue of their office. After 
 township organization went into effect the assessments have 
 been made by township officers. 
 
 COUNTY COLLECTORS. 
 
 In the early history of the county the sheriff commonly 
 collected the revenue, but for some years the board of 
 county commissioners appointed an officer for that purpose. 
 Edward Doyle was appointed collector in 1840 ; Walter D. 
 Scott and Jonathan D. Manlove in 1841, and Thomas Good- 
 win in 1842. John T. Worthington was appointed in 1843, 
 but declined to accept the office, when Joseph T. Campbell> 
 the sheriff, collected the taxes for that year. The sheriffs 
 were made ex-officio collectors in 1844, and discharged the 
 duties of the office till township organization went into oper- 
 ation in 1854, when the county treasurer became ex-officio 
 collector. 
 
 SURVEYORS. 
 
 The first county surveyor was Jonathan D. Manlove who 
 filled the office from 1825 to 1829. He was succeeded by 
 William P. Manlove, who was first chosen to the office in 
 1829 and was reelected for several subsequent terms. Le- 
 onidas Homey was elected in 1847, and held the office till 
 1861. The other incumbents have been : Charles Prather, 
 1861-63 ; Jeremiah Stumm, 1863-65 ; John M. Campbell, 
 1865-67; James W. Watts, 1867-69; Jeremiah Stumm, 
 1869-75; James W. Watts, 1875 76; Jeremiah Stumm, 
 1876-79 ; William J. Homey, since 1879. 
 
 SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS AND SUPERINTENDENTS. 
 
 Alexander Curry served as school commissioner till De- 
 cember, 1835, when Henry B. Bertholf was appointed his 
 successor. ij|William Ellis was appointed to the office in 
 September, 1839, and Edward Doyle, in September, 1840-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 113 
 
 After Doyle, Jonathan D. Manlove filled the office till the 
 election of John Scripps, in August, 1843. George Little 
 filled the office by appointment, in June, 1847, and Wheeler 
 W. Wells, in March, 1848. John Scripps was elected in 
 August, 1848, and served till 1849. He was succeeded by 
 Daniel T. Berry, and he, by John C. Bagby. Since then the 
 office has been filled as follows : 
 
 Charles Neill, 1850-1857; William Ellis, 1857-1859; 
 George R. Benton, 1859 1861 ; Anderson D. Davies, 1861- 
 1863; Henry Smither, 1863-1865; Jesse C. Fox, 1865-1869 ; 
 Jonathan R. Neill, 1869-1873; William A. Clark, 1873- 
 1877 ; Henry H. Foley, 1877, to present. 
 
 CORONERS. 
 
 The first coroner of the county was Levin Green. He 
 served till 1829. His successors were Thomas Raines, Alex- 
 ander Penney, and John P. Skiles; Since 1848, the office 
 has been filled by the following persons : 
 
 Peter Wampler, 1848 1850 ; A. H. Perkins, 1850-1852 ; 
 Peter Wampler, 1852-1854; A. H. Perkins, 1854-1856; 
 Peter Wampler, 18561858 ; William G. Denny, 1858-1860 ; 
 John R Randall, 1860-1862; Alexander Montgomery, 1862- 
 1864; Henry J. Sapp, 1864-1866; John P. Skiles, 1866- 
 1869 ; Adam Trone, 1869-1870 ; Hudson M. Deane, 1870- 
 1874; C. M. Grim wood ; 1874-1876; Barnett P. Watts, 
 1876-1878; Hudson M. Deane, 1^78-1880; John S. Vance, 
 1880-1882. 
 
 EARLY JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 
 
 James Vance, Hart Fellows, and Willis O'Neal, the three 
 first justices of the peace in the county, were sworn into office 
 on the nineteenth of September, 1825. Vance took the oath 
 before Hart Fellows, the clerk of the circuit court, and then 
 Fellows took his oath as justice of the peace before Vance. 
 Levin Green became justice of the peace in February, 1826 ; 
 Jesse Bartlett, and Thomas McKee, in May, 1826, and Cor- 
 nelius Vandeventer in August of the same year. 
 
 David E. Blair, Isaac Linder, Thomas McKee, Riggs 
 Pennington, Benjamin Chadsey, and Thomas Davis, all be- 
 came invested with the duties of magistrate in the year 1827. 
 The next year, Moses W. Pettigrew was made a justice. In 
 
 1830, Jacob T. Reno, Moses Skiles, Isaac Lane, Ansalem 
 Barnes, and Granville Bond were elected to this office. In 
 
 1831, the new justices were Nathaniel Harris, Samuel Oram, 
 Peter C. Vance, Harvey Lester, Thomas Christian, Stephen 
 Sallee, Jeremiah O. Bridge, Alexander Curry, David Man- 
 love, and Joseph Bell were the new justices. Samuel Mc. 
 Hatton and James Power became justices in 1832. James 
 W. Riley, Henry B. Bertholf, Joel Tullis, and Abraham 
 Hollingsworth were elected to the office in lb33. The new 
 justices in 1834 were John Strong, Price B. Hume', George 
 Harper, John Brown, Henry Casteen, and John A. Drake; 
 in 1835, Isaac M. McCutchen, Jeremiah B. Walker, Robert 
 A. Curry, Joel Pennington, Martin De Witt, Thomas Clark, 
 Philip Briggs, Eli Heartley, James Brown, Moses J. Skiles, 
 Balaam Buzley, Enoch Edmonston, James W. Riley, Joshua 
 Chitwood, Robert Wilson, and Richard P. Applegate. 
 William Ellis was sworn into the office in 1836, and Wil- 
 
 15 
 
 liam Sackman, John L. Ewing, Milo Ewing, Erastus Stone, 
 Abraham Smith, and John Wilson in 1837. 
 
 Additional justices in 1838 ; James Lawler, William 
 Crewdson, David Long, Levi Lusk, James McRae, Allen 
 Alexander, Caleb Stone, James W. Singleton, Edward 
 Doyle, and Peter C. Vance. In 1839, Adams Dunlap 
 James Marshall, James P. Black, Levi Sparks, Isaac Gar- 
 rett, Samuel Horney, James McKee, Morris Swan, John 
 Thornhill, James Graham, William Lewis. In 1840, Charles 
 Wells, Richard Ashcraft, Joab L. Moore, William L. 
 Wisdom. 
 
 Among others elected to the office of justice of the peace 
 from the year 1840 to 1849 were James W. McElwan, 
 James L. Anderson, Nathaniel Glover, Robert N. Chadsey, 
 Albert G. Dupuy, Thomas Dewees, Rice Dunbar, Amos 
 Hart, William Klepper, Jacob O. Jones, Thomas Bronough, 
 >V illiam Dron, James Evans, Thomas H. Woods, Edward 
 Bertholf, William Callison, Samuel McCreary, Samuel 
 Dark, Joseph N. Ward, Tidence W. Lane, William Noel, 
 John Norvell, Daniel Shelden, Jesse H. Ellis, Alfred C. 
 Wallace, Thomas Pemberton, Abraham Rue, William Pyle, 
 and George M. Wells. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY. 
 
 The unwieldy size of Schuyler county, as originally 
 formed, and the great difficulty the inhabitants of the 
 southwest portion had in reaching Rushville, the county 
 seat, created, about the year 1835, a strong sentiment in 
 favor of the division of the county. The residents south of 
 Crooked creek generally favored it, while those of the north 
 opposed it. For some time there was considerable talk of a 
 compromise by which the county seat should be moved from 
 Rushville to Ripley, a location not far from the center of 
 the old county of Schuyler. The efforts made to secure the 
 passage of an act in the State legislature organizing a new 
 county were opposed by the representative of Schuyler 
 county, who, of course, favored the interests of that part of 
 the county from which he came — the vicinity of Rushville. 
 Finally, at the Session of the General Assembly in the win- 
 ter of 1838-1839, on the petition of almost every man living 
 within the boundaries of what is now Brown county, the 
 passage of the following measure waa secured: 
 
 " An Act to create the County of Brown out of theCounty 
 of Schuyler. 
 
 "Section 1. Be it enacted by the people of the State of 
 Illinois represented in the General Assembly, That all that 
 tract of country lying and being within the following boun- 
 daries, to wit : beginning at the southwest corner of township 
 two, south of range four, west of the fourth principal meri- 
 dian ; thence east to the Illinois river ; thence up said river 
 to the mouth of Crooked creek ; thence up said creek to the 
 township line between townships one and two north ; thence 
 west to the range line between four and five west of the me- 
 ridian aforesaid ; thence south with said range line to the 
 place of beginning, shall constitute a new county to be called 
 the County of Brown.
 
 1U 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 "Sec. 2. That John M. Canipl>ell, of Schuyler coun- 
 ty ; John B. Curl, of Adams county, and Wil- 
 liam \V. Baily, of McDonough county, be, and they 
 are hereby, appointed commissioners to locate the seat of 
 justice for said county : the said commissioners, or a ma- 
 jority of them, shall meet at the town of Mount Sterling on 
 the first Monday in June next, or within twenty days there- 
 after ; and, after being duly sworn before some justice of the 
 peace, faithfully to perform the duties required of them by 
 this act, shall proceed to locate and establish a permanent 
 seat of justice in said county, having due regard to the geo- 
 graphical situation, present and future population, as well 
 as donations which may be offered for the erection of public 
 buildings ; and if any donations shall be made for the pur- 
 poses aforesaid, the said commissioners shall do and perform 
 such acts and things as they may deem necessary to secure 
 the payment thereof to the County Commissioners' Court of 
 said county, for the use of said county. 
 
 "Sec. 3. That the citizens of said county, hereby created, 
 are and shall be entitled to all the privileges allowed in 
 general to citizens of other counties in this state ; and, until 
 public buildings shall be'erected for that purpose, the courts 
 shall be held at such place, in Mount Sterling, as shall be 
 provided by the County Commissioners' Court of said county ; 
 and if the permanent seat of justice shall be located at any 
 place other than Mount Sterling, it shall be the duty of the 
 commissioners hereby appointed to locate the same and to 
 give it a name : but if they shall select Mount Sterling for 
 the seat of justice, then, and in that case, Mount Sterling 
 shall be the name of the said seat of justice. 
 
 " Sec. 4. That an election for county officers shall be held 
 in the said county of Brown, at the several places of hold- 
 ing elections, and by the same judges heretofore appointed 
 by the Schuyler county court, on the first Monday in May 
 next ; which election shall be conducted in all respects 
 agreeably to the laws regulating elections. It shall be the 
 duty of the said judges to make returns of the poll-books of 
 said election to Robert N. Curry and James W. Singleton 
 two justices of the peace at M.>unt Sterling, within seven 
 days from and after said election ; aud it shall be the duty 
 of the said justices of the peace to open aud compare the 
 saidpolls, and to make out and deliver certificates to the per- 
 sons elected, and to return an abstract to the Secretary of 
 State, in the same manner as is now required of clerks of the 
 county commissioners' courts in such cases : 
 
 Provided, That this act shall not be so construed as to re- 
 peal out of office any justice of the peace, or constable, who 
 may be in office within the liroiti of said county at the pas- 
 sage of this act ; but they shall continue to hold their offices 
 the same as if this act had not been passed. 
 
 " Sec. 5. That at the next general election, and until a 
 new apportionment of representation shall be made among 
 the several counties of this state, the County of Schuyler 
 shall elect one representative, and the County of Brown one 
 representative to the General Assembly ; and in case a va- 
 cancy 3hall happen in the office of Senator from the County 
 of Schuyler, the said County of Schuyler and the County of 
 Brown shall vote together to fill such vacancy, and until a 
 
 new apportionment of representation shall be made; and in 
 case of an election for a Senator, it shall be the duty of the 
 clerk of the county commissioners' court of Brown county 
 within four days after returns of such election shall be made 
 to him, to meet the clerk of Schuyler county at Rushville, 
 and the two, together, shall compare the polls, and deliver a 
 certificate to the person elected, and also return a transcript 
 of the votes given for Senator to the Secretary of State. 
 
 Sec. 6. That the said county of Brown shall be attached 
 to and form a part of the fifth Judicial circuit ; and it shall 
 be the duty of the Judge of said circuit to hold two terms 
 of the circuit court in said county, annually, at such time as 
 the said Judge shall order and appoint, or at such time as 
 may be provided by law. 
 
 Sec. 7. That it shall be the duty of the county commis- 
 sioners' court of said county to appropriate, set apart, and 
 pay into the county treasury of Schuyler county, one-half 
 of the sum which shall remain due and payable to Alden 
 and Burton from the said county of Schuyler for building 
 a bridge across Crooked creek, after the said county of 
 Schuyler shall have expended the money already appropria- 
 ted to that object ; the said amount so to be paid by the 
 county of Brown to be made and certified by the county 
 commissioners' court of Schuyler county, so soon as the 
 amount can be ascertained ; and it shall be the duty of the 
 county commissioners' court of Brown county to provide the 
 means to make such payments annually, and at the time the 
 same become due from the county of Schuyler to the said 
 Alden and Burton. 
 
 Sec. 8. That the Sheriff of Schuyler county shall have 
 power to collect all taxes, fines, and forfeitures heretofore as- 
 sessed, and to serve all process necessary to the prosecution 
 and disposal of all causes now pending in the Schuyler cir- 
 cuit court, the same as if no change had been in the boun- 
 daries of said county, and as if this act had not been passed. 
 
 Sec 9. That the commissioners hereby appointed to 
 locate the seat of justice shall be allowed and paid out of 
 the county treasury of said county, the sum of three dollars 
 per day each. 
 
 Sec. 10. That so soon as the school commissioners of 
 Schuyler county shall be notified by the county commis- 
 sioners' court, of Brown county, that a school commissioner 
 for that county has been appointed, to deliver to said com- 
 missioner all moneys and papers belonging to the several 
 townships in the said county of Brown. 
 
 Approved February 1, 1839. 
 
 The name of Brown was given to the new county in com- 
 memoration of Gc-n. Jacob Brown, a distinguished soldier in 
 the war of 1812-1814. He was born in Bucks county, Penn- 
 sylvania, on the ninth of May, 1775, and was desended from 
 members of the society of Friends. He taught school in 
 early life, and was also employed for some time in survey- 
 ing the public lands in Ohio. He settled in Jefferson county, 
 New York, then a wilderness, in the year 1799. In 1812, at 
 the beginning of the war with England, he was a militia 
 general, but soon afterward was appointed a brigadier gen- 
 eral in the regular army. In 1814 he was made a major
 
 HISTORY VF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 115 
 
 general. He took part in the defence of Sackett'sHarbor 
 in 1813, and the following year exhibited much bravery in 
 the battle of Chippewa and Niagara Falls, and at the siege 
 of Fort Erie, receiving the thanks of Congress and a gold 
 medal. At the termination of the war he continued in the 
 army as major general, and in 1821 succeeded to the chief 
 command of the United States regular army. He died at 
 Washington on the twenty fourth of February, 1828. 
 
 SEAT OF JUSTICE. 
 
 By the act organizing the county, John M. Campbell, of 
 Schuyler county, John B Curl, of Adams, and William A. 
 Bailey, of McDonough county, were appointed commis- 
 sioners to locate the seat of justice of Brown county. These 
 commissioners were directed to meet at Mount Sterling on 
 the first Monday in June, 1839, or within twenty days 
 thereafter, and locate and establish a permanent seat of 
 justice, "having due reference to the geographical situation, 
 p esent and future population, as well as donations which 
 may be offered for the erection of public buildings." 
 
 The commissioners met, according to their instructions, 
 and on the fifteenth day of June, 1839, selected Mount 
 Sterling as the county seat. Several other points in this 
 county were applicants for the honor, but the advantages of 
 Mount Sterling were so apparent, and the subscriptions of 
 the people of that town and vicinity to a fund for the erec- 
 tion of public buildings, so liberal, that the commissioners 
 had little difficulty in arriving at a determination. The 
 following is the report of their decision to the board of 
 connty commissioners : 
 
 " We, the undersigned, commissioners appointed by the 
 Legislature of Illinois to locate the seat of justice in the 
 county of Brown, have this day located the same in the 
 town of Mount Sterling, on the public square adopted by 
 the Legislature ; provided the payment of the several sums 
 submitted by the citizens of Mount Sterling and vicinity 
 for the erection of public buildings for the use of said 
 couuty commissioners of the aforesaid county for the afore- 
 said purpose, on or before the twenty-fifth day of the 
 present month ■ and if the above-named subscribers shall 
 fail to come forward and comply with the above requisi- 
 tions, then and in that case, the location of the above- 
 named county seat is to remain as not located by us. 
 
 Given under our hands this 15th day of June, 1839. 
 [Signed] John B. Curl, 
 
 Jonn M. Campbell. 
 
 N. B. — " It is fully understood that if either or any of the 
 above-named subscribers shall fail to comply with the above 
 requisitions, and any other person shall make the deficiency ' 
 good, so that the- amount subscribed is secured to the 
 county, then in that case, it shall be as though it was done 
 by the person first subscribing." 
 
 There is an order of the county commissioners' court, made 
 on the fourteenth of June, 1838, appropriating twenty-four 
 dollars as payment for eight days' services of John B. Curl 
 in locating the county seat, and a like amount in payment 
 of the services of John M. Campell. 
 
 The "subscriptions of the citizens of Mount Sterling and 
 vicinity to the erection of public buildings, referred to in 
 
 the above report of the commissioners, was as follows, as 
 appears from a statement in the county records. (As this 
 is the list of the secured notes as made out by the couaty com- 
 missioners, the first name of those given below is in all 
 
 probability the subscriber, and the second that of the in- 
 dorserj : 
 
 Samuel Sidner, S. W. Miller, $ 40 00 
 
 William Patterson, William Stapleton, 15 00 
 
 S. W. Miller, Samuel Sidner, 30 00 
 
 J. W. Singleton, 150 00 
 
 H. Casteen, J. Robinson 200 00 
 
 J. Koberts, G. Roberts, 15 00 
 
 J. T. Debell, T. M. Sparks, 15 00 
 
 W. T. Rigg, W. Parker 5 00 
 
 Wm. Bucbanan, S. Sidener, 10 00 
 
 W, H. R. Homey, G. W. Ballard 25 00 
 
 W.C. Smith, J. Smith, 15 00 
 
 B. P. Stubblefield, A. Parker, 25 00 
 
 G. Estes, S. H. B. Clarkson, 20 00 
 
 J. Vandeventer, J. H. McClary 45 00 
 
 J. H. McClary, J. Vandeventer, 50 00 
 
 J. Brockman, E. Davis, 30 00 
 
 T. S. Brockman, A. MeKean 125 00 
 
 J. M. Irwin, W. Irwin 100 00 
 
 R. N. Curry, (secured by mortgage), 1035 00 
 
 \V. D. Price, S. H. Richey 10 00 
 
 L. W. Dunlap, J. Means, 100 00 
 
 A. Curry, R. H. Hurlbut, 700 00 
 
 B. Kendrick, G. R. Givens, 25 00 
 
 G. R. Givens, B. Kendrick 40 00 
 
 C. H. Horney, S. Sidener, 20 00 
 
 G. C. Robinson, T. S. Adams 296 00 
 
 E. W. B. Newby, W. Patterson 50 00 
 
 H. P. Grover, J. Putnam 10 00 
 
 H. Orr, Max. Orr, 40 00 
 
 E. Davis, B. Hayley 67 00 
 
 J. Smith, G. Smith 175 00 
 
 B. D. Stout, W. Taylor, 20 00 
 
 G. S. Myres, S. H. Richey 60 00 
 
 A. W. Ream, T. S. Brockman 100 00 
 
 W. Patterson, E. W. B. Newby, 100 00 
 
 O. Griffith, J. B. Brown, 30 00 
 
 S. H. Richey, <i. S. Myres, 25 00 
 
 R. H. Hurlbut, Alex. Curry, 1200 00 
 
 W. Parker, W. Patterson, 50 00 
 
 J. Myer, W. Patterson, 75 00 
 
 J. H. Bates, T, Y. Bates, 25 00 
 
 T. Y. Bares, J. H. Bates 25 00 
 
 Margery Orr, T. S. Brockman, 20 00 
 
 L. Brockman, T. S. Brockman, 25 00 
 
 J. Price, J. Vandeventer, 50 00 
 
 E. Ross, E. Davis, 12 00 
 
 A. S. Hobbs, T. S. Brockman, '. . . 10 00 
 
 J. Walker, A. Shields, . .*...., .13000 
 
 G. B. Orr, T. S. Brockman, \ 10 00 
 
 C. Jennings, J. Vandeventer 25 00 
 
 S. Suffycool, J. Putnam, 20 00 
 
 D. Higgins, J. Higgins, 20 00 
 
 H. Husman, D. Kendrick, , 50 00 
 
 D. Kendrick. H. Husman 25 00 
 
 G. Husman, II. Husman, • 25 00 
 
 W. A. Singleton, A. Parker, 12 00 
 
 R. Trabue, (secured by mortgage), 50 00
 
 116 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 8. Sanson, W. Parker 15 00 
 
 William Reid, A. Parker, '. . 40 00 
 
 S. Evens, A. Pauley, • 12 00 
 
 J. Lomax, A. Pauley, 20 00 
 
 A. Pauley, J. Means 150 00 
 
 J. Means, A. Pauley, 150 00 
 
 T. Ingles, B. Hayley 10 00 
 
 J. Putnam, E. Davis 20 00 
 
 H. Cheseldine, (secured by mortgage), 100 00 
 
 J. P. Patterson, N. B. Bullard 50 00 
 
 E. W. B. Newby, W. Patterson 25 00 
 
 W. Irwin, J. M. Irwin, 30 00 
 
 S. H. B. Clarkson, A. Curry, 40 00 
 
 The following persons subscribed after the location was 
 made : 
 
 W. Supleton, W. Patterson 25 00 
 
 J. Fry, W. Stapleton 20 00 
 
 N.B.Ballard, S.H. B. Clarkson, 15 00 
 
 G. Harper, S. H. B. Clarkson, 30 00 
 
 J. Trabue 25 00 
 
 J. Jsye 25 00 
 
 $6,399 00 
 
 On the second of September, 1839, eight lots in the town 
 of Mount Sterling, which had come into the possession of 
 the county, were sold to different individuals for the aggre- 
 gate sura of $359.50. The county was also the owner of other 
 town property, which was sold as opportunity offered. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 The court-house now in use is the second that has been 
 built in the history of the county. An earlier jail also pre- 
 ceded the present one. The subscriptions of the residents 
 of Mt. Sterling and vicinity, amounting to upward of six 
 thousand dollars, made a liberal fund for the erection of the 
 first public buildings. The county commissioners having 
 determined on the kind of buildings to be constructed, ad- 
 vertisements were inserted in the "Illinois Republican," 
 "Illinoisan," and the"Quincy Argus," to the effect that 
 contracts for the building of a court-house and jait would 
 be let at Mt. Sterling on the first Monday in September, 
 1839. It was proposed that one-third of the contract price 
 for the erection of the buildings should be paid each year 
 on the first day of May, till the whole should be paid. A 
 bond for double the amount was required from the contrac- 
 tor, and the first day of May, 1842, was fixed as the time 
 for the completion of the work. 
 
 The county commissioners, at their meeting on Monday, 
 September 2d, 1839, the letting of the contracts was post- 
 poned for three day. The plan of a court-house, drawn by 
 C. Howland, was adopted, with some modifications, while 
 Mr. Newby 's plan of the jail building was taken. The bid 
 of George Tebo was found the lowest, and to him was 
 awarded the contract for the erection of both court-house 
 and jail. He furnished a bond in the sum of fifteen thous- 
 and dollars, for the faithful performance of his contract. 
 The commissioners directed that the jail be built on lot 
 number 6ve, in block number three, of Robert N. Curry's 
 and Ralph H. Hurlbut's addition to the town of Mt. Ster- 
 ling, and the court-house in the public square at such place 
 as should afterward be designated. Afterward, on exami- 
 
 nation of the lot above mentioned, the commissioners deci- 
 ded that it did not furnish a suitable site for the jail build- 
 ing, and lot number twenty-two in block number three (.3), 
 was purchased of S. H. B. Clarkson, and here the jail was 
 erected, twenty feet back from North street. Clarkson had 
 purchased this lot from the county at the sale on the second 
 of September, 1839, but as no deed had yet been made out, 
 the matter was arranged by crediting in full the notes for 
 the purchase money which Clarkson had given. 
 
 Some trouble was had in the collection of the individual 
 contributions to the fund for the erection of public build- 
 ings. Several suits were brought. In June, 1840, the 
 commissioners allowed S. H. B. Clarkson, justice of the 
 peace, a bill of costs, amounting to $21.50, on suits of this 
 kind against sundry persons 
 
 The exact place on the public square which the court- 
 house should occupy was not settled till the sixth of July, 
 1841. On that day there is an order of the county commis- 
 sioners that " the court-house be set on the Public Square, 
 adjoining to, and noth of the alley that runs up to the 
 Square by the Presbyterian Church, and the centre of the 
 front end to be in a line with the centre of main Cross 
 street." 
 
 By the contract with Tebo the jail was to be completed 
 on, or before, the first day of May, 1841. It was constructed 
 of brick, and was twtnty-two feet wide by thirty-two feet 
 long; two stories in height, the first story eight feet and the 
 second story seven and a half feet in the clear. The foun- 
 dation walls were sunk two feet below the surface of the 
 ground, and were two feet in thickness, except the walls 
 under "the criminals' room" which were four feet in thick- 
 ness. The room for the confinement of prisoners was liued 
 with timbers one foot square, fitted closely together and 
 extending into the walls. The sleepers and joists in this 
 room were made of timber one foot square, laid close 
 together, and covered with inch and a quarter oak plank. 
 The windows were guarded by bars of iron, four inches 
 apart, and ''running into the wall one foot, the flat bars 
 two inches and a half wide and three-quarters of an inch 
 thick and the square bars one inch, framed together." The 
 shutters were made of boiler iron. The prisoner's room had 
 two windows, each window with six small panes of glass. 
 There were two doors to this room, the inner one of which 
 was made of boiler iron, and the outer one of inch and a 
 half oak plank. There was a debtors' room, the doors of 
 which were made after the pattern of the outside door of the 
 criminals' room. The windows of the debtors' room were 
 furnished with grates made of iron bars an inch and a half 
 wide by half an inch thick, framed cross wise. 
 
 The court-house was built of brick. It was forty-five feet 
 square and two stories in height. The first story was thir- 
 teen feet in the clear, and the second story fourteen. The 
 walls of the building to the top of the first story were eigh- 
 teen inches in thickness, and from that up thirteen inches. 
 The partition walls were nine inches thick. The upper floor 
 was taken up by three rooms, two of these were eleven by 
 fifteen feet, designed for jury rooms, while the circuit court- 
 room occupied the remainder of this floor. The lower floor
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 117 
 
 was occupied by rooms for the use of the county officers. 
 The contractor agreed to complete the court-house by the 
 1st of May, 1843. 
 
 The county agreed to pay the contractor twenty-five hun- 
 dred dollars on the 1st of May, 1840; thirty-six hundred 
 dollars on the 1st day of May, 1841 ; thirty-six hundred 
 dollars on the 1st day of May, 1812, and thirteen hundred 
 dollars on the 1st day of May, 1843 — in all, eleven thousand 
 dollars. The amounts due were to draw twelve per cent, 
 interest if not paid on presentation of the orders. 
 
 May, 1843, the date at which the court-house should have 
 been completed, the contractor not having finished the build- 
 ing, he was given an additional year in which to do the work. 
 He was required to give another bond in the sum of ten 
 thousand dollars, and the county was to have the privilege 
 of retaining the last payment of thirteen hundred dollars 
 till the building should be completed and accepted, and pay 
 no interest thereon. 
 
 The following order of the county commissioners, made 
 March, 1844, is of interest in connection with the public 
 building subscription : 
 
 Whkreas, it has been represented to this court that Ralph* 
 H. Hurlbut of Mt. Sterling, did, in 1839, donate to the 
 county of Brown twelve hundred dollars, and the undivided 
 half of twelve lots in Mt. Sterling in consideration of the 
 county seat being located at Mt. Sterling ; and, whereas, said 
 Hurlbut has paid eight hundred dollars of said donation ; and 
 whereas, through the vicissitudes of trade, the said Hurlbut 
 has become unable to pay the remaining four hundred dol- 
 lars of said donation without distressing his family : There- 
 fore, ordered, that the said R. H. Hurlbut be released from 
 all obligations to the said county, in and for the said four 
 hundred dollars, and that his note for the said four hundred 
 dollars be returned to him. 
 
 A subsequent board of county commisioners considered 
 this action illegal, and it was proposed to bring suit to re- 
 cover the note returned to Hulburt. The matter was com- 
 promised by Hulburt, in January, 1848, paying the county 
 fifty dollars, and giving two promissory notes, with security, 
 of seventy-five dollars, each payable in one and two years 
 from date. 
 
 The old jail did service in the confinement of prisoners for 
 nearly twenty years. hi 1858 it was resolved to build 
 another jail, and on the 4th of June of that year, the contract 
 for its construction was let to John Maltby. The contract 
 price was five thousand dollars. A building committee ap- 
 pointed by the board of supervisors, composed of Jacob 
 Hersman, Alexauder Campbell and B. F. DeWitt, superin- 
 tended the erection of the building, which the contractor 
 agreed to have completed by the 1st of November, 1859. It 
 was stipulated that in case of any disagreement between the 
 contractor and the building committee, in relation to the 
 quality of the material orthe manner of doing the work, that 
 the matter be referred to three arbitrators, one of whom should 
 be chosen by each party and the third by the other two. 
 T,he contractor was to receive three thousand dollars on the 
 1st day of March, 1859, with interest on one thousand dol- 
 lars from June 5th, 1858, at ten per cent, per annum, and 
 
 the remainder, two thousand dollars, on the 1st day of March, 
 1860. 
 
 The new jail was built on the north end of the court-house 
 square. Previously on the 10th of March, 1858, the lot on 
 which the old jail was built, had been ordered to be sold at 
 public sale It was sold on the 1st day of September, 1860, 
 for three hundred dollars. 
 
 The bad condition of the old court-house attracted atten- 
 tion as early as 1859, when, in June of that year, a com- 
 mittee was appointed to make necessary repairs. Nine 
 years later, in June, 1864, a committee was appointed to 
 examine into the condition of the building, and report as to 
 the propriety and expense of having it repaired. This com- 
 mittee reported that the courthouse could not be repaired 
 so as to make the building safe without taking down the 
 entire north wall, and sections of the east and west walls, 
 and putting a new foundation under the same, and building 
 new walls thereon. Even then it would be doubtful whether 
 the building would be safe. The entire cost of such repairs, 
 with a new roof, was estimated at four thousand ($4,000) 
 dollars. 
 
 Nearly two years passed before any definite steps were 
 taken toward the erection of a new building. April, 1866, 
 a committee was appointed to employ an architect and 
 secure plans and specifications On the fourth of June, 
 1866, David House appeared before the board of supervisors 
 and exhibited a plan of a court house which, on motion, was 
 adopted. The next step, and a most important one in the 
 then backward condition of the county finances, was the 
 procuring of the necessary means. Daniel Six, Esli Shurt- 
 lifT, Adam E. Martin, William L. Taylor, and William L. 
 Vandeventer, were commissioned on the fourth of June, 
 1866, to borrow money at a rate not exceeding ten per cent, 
 per annum. When sufficient money had been procured to 
 authorize a commencement of the work, this committee was 
 empowered to advertise for proposals and let the contract to 
 the lowest responsible bidder. 
 
 On the tenth of September, 1866, David K. Watson, 
 Daniel Six, and William L. Taylor were appointed to rent 
 rooms for the accommodation of the county clerk, circuit 
 clerk, sheriff, and other public officers, and to sell the old 
 court-house at public auction after twenty days' notice. It 
 was directed that county orders might be received in pay- 
 ment, one half of the purchase-money to be paid on the first 
 of September, 1867, and the remainder on the first day of 
 September, 1868. It was also stipulated that the old court- 
 house should be removed by the first of June, 1867. 
 
 The old building was sold to Thomas H. Lynch for thir- 
 teen hundred dollars. The contract to erect the new court- 
 house was let to Thomas Jones at the contract price of nine- 
 teen thousand dollars. It was afterward thought best to 
 build the second story two feet and six inches higher than 
 was called for in the specifications, and for this and other 
 alterations the contractor was paid the additional sum of 
 two thousand two hundred and ninety-nine dollars. On the 
 eighteenth of January, 1868, the board of supervisors held 
 a meeting in the new building and agreed to receive the 
 court-house from the contractor, retaining, however, one
 
 118 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 thousand dollars in the hands of the building committee 
 until the work on the building was entirely completed. 
 
 The building committee, under whose superintendence the 
 building was constructed, was composed of William L. Tay- 
 lor, Alexander Campbell, Adam E. Martin, Daniel Six, and 
 William L. Vandeventer. These gentlemen borrowed the 
 money with which the court-house was built, on the faith 
 and credit of the county, and promptly paid the contractor 
 whenever his money was due him. 
 
 COUNTY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 From the organization of the county till the year 1849, 
 the affairs of the county were managed by boards of county 
 commissioners, composed of three members. The new state 
 constitution adopted in 1848, created a change, and gave 
 the administration of county matters wiihiu the hands of a 
 county court, the members of which were a county judge 
 and two associate justices. This arrangement lasted till the 
 adoption of township organization in 1854. 
 
 FIRST BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Thomas S. Brockman, Joseph Robinson, Joseph Stoner, 
 1S39-1840. The act creating the county directed that an 
 election for county officers should be held on the first Mon- 
 day in May, 1839. At this election, Thomas S. Brockman, 
 Joseph Robinson, and Joseph Stoner were chosen county 
 commissioners. These commissioners held their first term of 
 court May fifteenth, 1839. The following is the first entry 
 on the records of the board of county commissioners: 
 
 " Be it remembered that the county of Brown having been 
 established by an act of the General Assembly of the state 
 of Illinois, and Thomas S. Brockman, Joseph Robinson, 
 and Joseph Stoner having been duly elected county com- 
 missioners for said county, and having taken the several 
 oaths before Robert N. Curry, a justice of the peace in and 
 for said county, thereupon a special term of the county 
 commissioners' court for the county of Brown is begun and 
 held at Mt. Sterling the seat of justice for said county on 
 the fifteenth day of June, 1839." 
 
 Thomas S. Brockman was chosen presiding commissioners. 
 Jacob Vandeventer, having been duly elected clerk of the 
 county commissioners' court, took in open court an oath to 
 support the constitution of the United States, and of the 
 state of Illinois, and the oath required by an act entitled 
 'An Act to suppress duelling," together with the oath of 
 office. He also gave bond for the faithful performance of 
 the duties of his office on which William Taylor was surety. 
 
 The commissioners began the financial record of the 
 county by directing the clerk to borrow fifty dollars " upon 
 the faith of the county upon the best terms." No taxes 
 could be levied and collected for some time, and meanwhile, 
 the county was in immediate need of ready money. 
 
 At their session in the afternoon the commissioners ordered 
 that the county should be divided into four districts for the 
 a^t'ssmeut of taxable property. 
 
 The first district included all that part of the county 
 lying north of the base line. District number two embraced 
 townships one and two south, range four west. The third 
 
 district coincided with townships one and two south, range 
 four west, and the fourth district was the balance of the 
 county. S. H. B. Clarkson was appointed assessor in the 
 first district ; Robert Trabue in the second ; Isam Nye in 
 the third, and James H. McClary in the fourth. The 
 assessors were required to make return of the list of taxable 
 property by the seventh day of June next, twenty-two days 
 from the date of their appointment. 
 
 Harvey Lester was appointed county collector, and then, 
 after having fined Robert Dawson five dollars for contempt 
 of court, the commissioners adjourned for the day. At the 
 next day session (May the eighteenth) the county was divi- 
 ded into road districts of which Reuben Smith, John Lomax, 
 Jonathan Miller Henry Ausmus, Thomas Benton, Benoni 
 R. Parke, John P. Hambaugh,-John Sides, Lyman Prentice, 
 Benjamin Kendrick, Thomas Reeves", William Evens and 
 Willian Lee were appointed supervisors. 
 
 The supervisors are authorized to call upon each able 
 bodied man, within their respective districts, between the ages 
 of twenty-one and fifty years, to perform three days' labor 
 on the road. 
 
 • On the 17th day of May, 1839, the county was laid off 
 into six districts for the election of justices of the peace. 
 That part of the county lying north of the base line and 
 west of Curry's branch, constituted district number one. 
 The boundaries of the second district began at the mouth of 
 Curry's branch, thence up said branch to the line between 
 townships two and three west, range one north, thence south 
 with said line to the southwest corner of township one south* 
 range two west, thence east to the Illinois river, thence up 
 said river to the mouth of Crooked creek, and thence np 
 said creek to the place of beginning. The third district in- 
 cluded township two south, range two west, and the east half 
 of township two south, range two west, and also fractional 
 township two south, range one west. The fourth district 
 was the west half of township two south, range three west, 
 and township two south, range four west. The fifth district 
 coincided with township one south, range three west. The 
 sixth district was township one south, range four west. 
 
 The appointment of grand jurors consumed the balance of 
 the day. 
 
 At this term an allowance of fifty dollars was made to 
 Robert N. Curry for money borrowed for the purchase of 
 record books for the use of the county. This amount was 
 to draw twelve per cent, interest from' the 20th of May till 
 paid " out of the first money coming into the county funds." 
 After the transaction of other business, voting themselves 
 each ten dollars for their four days service, and directing the 
 clerk to procure a suitable seal for the court with a pair of 
 scales in the center and the words '• Commissioners' Court, 
 Brown Co. 111.," engraved thereon, adjournment was had to 
 the regular term. 
 
 At the regular term of court which begau on Monday, the 
 3d day of June, 1839, and which lasted six days, a variety 
 of business was transacted. On the petition of S. H. B. 
 Clarkson, a review was ordered of the road commencing aj 
 Mt. Sterling, and running in the direction of Huntsville, in 
 Schuyler county. John Price, Robert Trabue and Richard
 
 : • - 
 
 <OUSE . 
 
 COUNTY BU I LDI N GS , S Ff OWN CO. ILLINOIS
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER .AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 119 
 
 W. Rigg were appointed reviewers, with directions " to lo- 
 cate and mark out said road, said road to be opened thirty- 
 five feet wide." Clarkson was directed to deposit six dol- 
 lars in the hands of the clerk to defray expenses if the road 
 should not be considered of public utility. 
 
 Considerable time was spent in settling with the school 
 commissioners. The rate of interest for money loaned out of 
 the school fund was fixed at twelve per cent, per annum. 
 Robert Trabue was appointed overseer of the poor farm 
 
 It seems that there was some delay in the receipt of the 
 commission of Elisha Davis, who had been elected sheriff, 
 and so the commissioners, by especial appointment, made him 
 their agent to serve all notices of appointment, and transact 
 other business for which the services of a sheriff required, 
 until a sheriff would be duly commissioned .and sworn 
 in according to law. Davis was also appointed by the 
 commissioners to request the county commissioners' court 
 of Schuyler county to permit the county of Brown 
 to retain all the copies of the* Laws of Illinois, now 
 in the hands of the different officers of Brown county, 
 and also to ask that the commissioners of Schuyler coun- 
 ty furnish to the county of Brown a proportional part 
 of the digest of the laws of Illinois, in relation to common 
 schools and school lands. Furniture for the accommodation 
 of the court while in session was provided by the purchase 
 of six chairs, and appropriations were made for the pur- 
 chase of seals for the clerk's office of the circuit court and 
 the office of the probate justice. A table and a book case 
 for the clerk's office cost twenty dollars. 
 
 No court-house had of course at that time been erected. 
 The time for holding the term of the circuit court was ap- 
 proaching, and Thomas S. Brockman was appointed to ascer- 
 tain whether the Presbyterian church could be secured in 
 which to hold its services. Brockman reported that he had 
 seen the majority of the trustees and that they had autho- 
 rized Alexander Curry to make a contract with the commis- 
 sioners of the court for the use of the building. The com- 
 missioners thereupon appointed Elisha Davis to take 
 possession of the church and directed him to set up three 
 notices in said house, forewarning all persons from injuriug 
 the building in any way by cutting, working, or writing on 
 the walls with ink, chalk, or other substance. All the of- 
 fenders against these regulations were to be repor:ed by 
 Davis to the county commissioners. He was also directed 
 to prepare a suitable bar and make other arrangements 
 necessary for the convenience of the court, and report his 
 expenses. The county paid fifty cents for each day's use of 
 the church. 
 
 On the eighth of June, 1828, the commissioners made the 
 first tax levy. A tax of thirty cents on every one hundred 
 dollars' worth of real and personal property was levied for 
 county purposes, and an additional tax of ten cents on real 
 estate for road purposes. This order for a road tax was 
 subsequently (December, 1839) rescinded. 
 
 Clark Dennis, the treasurer chosen at the May election, 
 filed his bond which was in the sum of $4691.46. A license 
 to keep a grocery in the town of Versailles was ordered to 
 issue to George Lampkins on the payment of twenty-five 
 
 dollars. Two more licenses to keep a grocery in the same 
 town were granted the same day, one to Samuel Ullery and 
 one to Josiah Newton on payment of a similar sum. For 
 making the assessment of taxable property in district num- 
 ber one, S. H. B. Clarkson was allowed $21.50. In district 
 number two, the assessor, Robert Trabue, was allowed . 
 $20.25. Isara Nye, in the third district, was paid $36.50. 
 In the fourth district, James H. McClary, assessor, was al- 
 lowed $26.00, and William D. Price, assistant assessor, 
 $6.12J. One half of the compensation of the assessors was 
 directed to be paid out of the county funds. 
 
 For transcribing the tax lists, the clerk was allowed 
 $11.94. J \V. Singleton, a justice of the peace, was charged 
 twelve dollars for not reporting two fines of three dollars 
 each. 
 
 A special term was held June fourteenth, 1839. Elisha 
 Davis was appointed collector and was required to give 
 bond in the sum of $6305. S. W. Miller, Matthew 
 Alexander, H. P. Grover, William Stapleton, William 
 Patterson, sen., Calvin Clark and James Brockman were 
 the securities on the bond. 
 
 Several days of a special term of court, beginning on the 
 seventeenth of June, 1839, were chiefly spent in taking notes 
 for the subscriptions to the erection of the public buildings, 
 and securing them by mortgages and endorsements. The 
 list of these notes, as made out by the commissioners, foots 
 up to $6399. This matter having been satisfactorily 
 arranged, calculations and arrangements for letting the con- 
 tract to construct the court-house and jail next occupied the 
 attention of the commissioners. E. W. B. Newby was em- 
 ployed to draft a plan of these buildings as proposed to be 
 built by the commi-sioners' court. Three insertions of an 
 advertisement that the contract for building the court-house 
 would be let at Mt. Sterling on the first Monday of Sep- 
 tember next (1838), were ordered to be inserted in the 
 " Illinois Republican," the " Illinoisan," and the " Quincy 
 Argus." 
 
 At the regular September term, 1839, considerable time 
 was given to the settlement of road matters. The commis- 
 sioners to locate a road from Mt. Sterling to La Grange 
 under an act of the legislature, approved February, 1839, 
 to establish a state road from Mt Sterling, by way of La 
 Grange to Springfield, made their report, and the commis- 
 sioners' court ordered that the supervisors of the several road 
 dis'ricts be notified to open said state road sixty feet wide. 
 Afterward, part of the road leading from Mt. Sterling to 
 Rushville was reviewed and located on the state road above 
 mentioned, and that part of the county road, lying between 
 Mt. Sterling and where the state and county roads come to- 
 gether, was vacated. The state road running from Mt. 
 Sterling to Quincy, a road from La Grange to Versailles, a 
 road from Mt. Sterling to Liberty in Adams county, a road 
 from section twenty-two of township one south, range two 
 west, to the state road, and a road from Versailles to South 
 Prairie, were among the roads in regard to which the com- 
 missioners took action during the first year of the existence 
 of the county. The March term, 1840, of the county 
 commissioners' court was principally taken up in the con-
 
 120 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 sideration of road matters. Many claims for damages were 
 ma'de by persons whose property had been injured by the 
 state road. 
 
 The first statement of the 
 
 FINANCIAL AFFAIRS 
 
 of the county, made on the first day of March, 1840, gave 
 a fair showing for the first year of the county's history 
 It was as follows : 
 
 Amount of county orders issued $714 54 
 
 " redeemed and burned, 517 41 
 
 " of orders outstanding, 197 13 
 
 Cash in the treasury, 105 20 
 
 Amount of revenue raised by tax, $1891 69 
 
 Expenses of the county, 714 50 
 
 Balance uncollected, $1177 19 
 
 A mount of revenue from fines reported, 33 00 
 
 Revenue from licenses, • 85 00 
 
 The delinquent tax for the year was 85.28. 
 
 The county in April, 1840, had as yet no coroner. On 
 the body of a man named Reigle, found dead in the Illi- 
 nois river, in the above-named month and year, an inquest 
 was held by Joseph Trabue, justice of the peace. His fees 
 and the sheriff's costs amounted to $5.75. The county paid 
 ten dollars for the burial of the body. The jurors were paid 
 twenty-five cents each. 
 
 September, 1840, Clark Dennis was appointed commis- 
 sioner to take the census of the county on behalf of the State, 
 and Elisha Davis was made collector of taxes. The tax 
 levy for 1840, for county purposes, was fixed at fifty cents 
 on every one hundred dollars' worth of taxable property. 
 Thomas S. Brockman, who had in charge the collection of 
 the contributions, for the erection of the public buildings, 
 reported that on the first day of June, 1840, he had col- 
 lected 81008.53 This left a balance of $1170.03 in his 
 hands yet to be collected. Thomas B. Pain was allowed 
 fifty-five dollars for services as attorney in behalf of the 
 county. 
 
 SECOND BOARD OF COINTY COMMISSIONER". 
 
 Joseph Robinson, William J. Davis, Edward W. B. 
 Newby, 1840-1841. 
 
 September, 1840, James W. Singleton, sr., Hugh Kin- 
 kade, and J. L. Ewing, commissioners appointed by the leg- 
 islature, surveyed a State road leading from Mt. Sterling to 
 Macomb, which the commissioners ordered to be opened, for 
 part of the distance through Brown county, March, 1841. 
 
 The commissioners, in June, 1841, established the follow- 
 ing rates of ferriage at William Wilson's ferry on Crooked 
 creek: 
 
 Man and horse, 12] cts. 
 
 Footman, 6\ " 
 
 Eacli horse led 3 " 
 
 Hogs, sheep, and goats, per head, 3 " 
 
 Cattle • 4 " 
 
 Two-horse wagon and team, • 37} cts. 
 
 One-horse wagon and horse, . . . : 25 ** 
 
 Wagon and three horses, 50 " 
 
 Wagon and four horses, 62} " 
 
 Cart and one horse, 18 " 
 
 Cart and two horses or oxen, 37} " 
 
 Every additional yoke of oxen, 12} ' 
 
 At Isaac T. Bigg's ferry, on the Illinois river at La Grange, 
 the rates are the same, except as mentioned below : 
 
 Two-horse wagon and team, 50 cts_ 
 
 One horse wagon, r 37 " 
 
 Wagon and three horses, 62} " 
 
 Wagon and four horses, 75 " 
 
 Cart and one horse, 37 " 
 
 For every yoke of oxen to any wagon or cart, 25 " 
 
 Single horse led, 6\ " 
 
 June, 1S41, the court ordered that " the papers of Jordan, 
 a colored man, in relation to his freedom," be placed on 
 the records. He was first apprenticed in Morgan county, in 
 the year 1831. The document by which he was apprenticed 
 wears so serious an air, at this day, that we give it as recorded : 
 " State of Illinois, Morgan county, ss. 
 
 " To all to whom these presents shall come : Know ye, that 
 whereas I, Aaron Wilson, Judge of Probate, in and for the 
 county of Morgan and State of Illinois, do bind and put 
 apprentice unto Hannah Taylor, of the county and State 
 aforesaid, and of the town of Jacksonville, in the county 
 -aforesaid, Jordan, a colored male child, aged eleven years 
 and eight months, this fifth day of December, eighteen hun- 
 dred and thirty-one , to serve the said Hannah Taylor nine 
 years and four months from this date, at the expiration of 
 which time the said Jordan will be twenty-one years of age. 
 All which term the said Jordan the said Hannah Taylor, 
 his mistress, shall faithfully serve. 
 
 „ " He shall not absent himself from his said mistress with- 
 out her leave, during his apprenticeship. He shall not con- 
 tract matrimony nor commit fornication during said term, 
 but shall demean himself in all respects as a faithful appren- 
 tice to his said misstress and to her said goods, which he the 
 said Jordan shall not embezzle himself, or suffer it to be done 
 by others without forthwith giving his mistress knowledge 
 thereof. And she the said Hannah Taylor doth covenant 
 and agree with the said Aaron Wilson, that she will teach, 
 or cause him the said apprentice to be taught, during the 
 aforesaid term, to read and write, and the ground rules of 
 arithmetic, and at the expiration of said term will give him 
 a new Bible and three suits of wearing apparel, two suitable 
 for week days and one for Sabbath days, and that she the 
 said Hannah Taylor will, during said term, furnish the said 
 apprentice with good and sufficient meat, drink, lodging, and 
 washing, and wearing apparel suitable for an apprentice, and 
 medical aid when the said apprentice shall require the same 
 during the said term.'' 
 
 Hannah Taylor (who made her mark to this document, 
 and therefore could not have been a very competent person 
 to teach her apprentice " to read and write and the ground 
 rules of arithmetic), transferred the care of the boy to Ben-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 121 
 
 jamin Hailey, of Brown county, then Schuyler, and thus the 
 papers showing his freedom were placed on . the records of 
 this county, on his becoming of age. 
 
 A settlement with Thomas S. Brockman, collector of 
 Brown county, made June, 1841, shows that of the county 
 revenues amounting to $2821. 97, he had collected $2118.28, 
 leaving a balance of §710.69. 
 
 THIRD BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Edward W. B. Newby, William J. Davis, Stephen D. 
 Hambaugh, 1841-1842. 
 
 James D. McPherson was paid 854.25 for assessing the 
 taxable property of the county for 1841. The report of 
 George Harper aud other commissioners, appointed by the 
 legislature to survey and locate a turnpike road from 
 Beardstown to Quincy, was not received, for the reason that 
 the commissioners had not been sworn before entering upon 
 their duties and also that the road was not surveyea and lo- 
 cated as contemplated by the act appjinting the commis- 
 sioners. 
 
 County orders issued from March 1, 1841 to March 1, 1812-$2779.51 
 
 Orders returned and burned 3105 26 
 
 Outstanding orders 737.38 
 
 Amount due the county, uncollected 1250 21 
 
 FOURTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 William J. Davis, R >bert Dawson, Luke Perry, 181218 13- 
 
 On the eleventh of August, 1812, Jaob Van.leventer re- 
 signed the office of clerk, and John S. Bailey was appointed 
 clerk pro tem., took the necessary oath, and filed his official 
 bond. 
 
 On the sixth of September authority was given to Lewis 
 Gay and Eli Bunton to construct a din across Crooked 
 creek, below Greenwell's mills, on condition that the dam 
 should be made with a lock, or slope, so as to afford a free 
 and safe passage for such boats as navigite that stream, and 
 that the dam be not high enough to back water above the 
 foot of the riffle below Greenwell's mill. 
 
 The commissioners appoiuted Clark Dennis collector of 
 taxes for the year 1842. Greenberry Orr assessed the tax- 
 able property in 1842, and was paid sixty-nine dollars for 
 thirty-four and a half day's work. The tax levy for county 
 purposes this year was forty-five (45) cents on the one hun- 
 dred dollars of real and personal property. The financial 
 condition of the county in March, 1841, can be gathered 
 from the following statement : 
 
 Outstanding county orders, March 1842 $737.38 
 
 County orders issued March 1842-March, 1843 '4568.75 
 
 Jury Warrants 225.20 
 
 $5631.33 
 
 Orders redeemed and burned, March, 1843, $1484.27 
 
 Docket Fees collected 112.00 
 
 $1596.27 
 
 Orders outstanding and unpaid $4045.06 
 
 This differs by a small amount from the calculation made 
 16 
 
 by the clerk on the reords But his additi >n is evidently 
 wrong, and his item " c mnty orders outstanding March, 
 1843 " should read March, 1842. 
 
 Among the items allowed in May, 1813 by the county 
 commissioiers was thirty-seven and a half cen's to IsamNye 
 for a tumbler broken during the April term of the circuit 
 court. 
 
 FIFTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Robert Dawson, Luke Perry, Alexander Campbell, 1843- 
 1844. 
 
 The tax levied for county purposes for the year 1843 was 
 forty cents on every one hundred dollars of taxable property, 
 and ten cents additional on every one hundred dollars for 
 road purposes, of the road fund seventy-five dollars was di- 
 rected to be expended on the road from Mt. Sterling to 
 Burton's mill; the same amount on the road from Mt. Ster- 
 ling to Meredosia; one hundred and fifty dollars on the road 
 from Mt. Sterling to La Grange; and twenty-five dollars for 
 the improvement of the road from Mt. Sterling to Clayton 
 at Sackett's Harbor. 
 
 The tax list for the year 1843 footed up 82573.06. The 
 delinquent list in the collectors' settlement with the county 
 was $139.38. 
 
 SIXTH BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 For the year 1844, a tax of thirty cents on every one 
 hundred dollars of taxable property was levied for county 
 purposes, and an additional tax of ten cents for road pur- 
 poses. The latter might be discharged by labor on the pub- 
 lic road, under the direction of the proper supervisor, at 
 one dollar per day. These taxes amounted to $2749.66 ac- 
 cording to the list placed in the hands of the collector. 
 
 March, 1845, a bounty on scalps of wolves killed within the 
 county of Brown was offered, four dollars when the wolf was 
 over six months old, and two dollars when under the age of 
 six months. The scalps were required to be exhibited to the 
 county clerk within twenty days after they were taken. The 
 following June, John Norton and Joseph Ferguson were 
 each allowed fourteen dollars "for catching fourteen 
 wolves. " 
 
 June 1844, Edward W. B. Newby was appointed overseer 
 of the poor for the county, " to act at will. " The tax levied 
 for the year was thirty cents on each one hundred dollars of 
 taxable property for county purposes, and fifteen cents ad- 
 ditional for road purposes. Amounting to $3255.95. 
 
 The commissioners for the year 1845-1846, were the same 
 as the previous year, no change in the board having been 
 made at the subsequent election. 
 
 The road tax in 1846 was raised to twenty cents on each 
 one hundred dollars of taxable property. The county tax 
 was twenty-five cents on the one hundred dollars. Total tax 
 levy $3205.12. 
 
 SEVENTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Alexander Campbell, William Harp, G. C. Robinson, 
 1846-1847. March, 1847, the commissioners removed Al- 
 bert G. Alexander from the office of clerk for " gross neglect
 
 122 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 , of his official duty. " Robert N. Curry was appointed to 
 fill the vacancy. 
 
 The tax levy for the year 1847 was low, fifteen cents for 
 county purposes and fifteen cents for road purposes on each 
 one hundred dollars iu valuation of taxable property. 
 Every able-bodied man in the county was required to per- 
 form two days labor on the public roads. 
 
 The clerk of tbe circuit court was notified to pay over, 
 according to law, on or before the twentieth day of August, 
 1847, the amount of docket fees that had accrued since he 
 had been acting clerk. On failure to do so the commission- 
 ers resolved that suit should be brought for the same at the 
 next September term of the circuit court. Albert G. Alex- 
 ander and George S. Myers, formerly county commissioners' 
 clerks, were also notified to pay over all moneys or other 
 funds that might have come into their bands, otherwise suit 
 would be brought against them and their securities. 
 
 EIGHTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Alexander Campbell, G. C. Robinson, Orris M. Henry, 
 1847-1848. For county purposes for the year 1848 a tax of 
 ten cents on each one hundred dollars of taxable property 
 was levied, and a road tax of twenty cents, amounting to- 
 gether to $2322. 50. J une, 1848, David C. Long was au- 
 thorized to keep a ferry across Crooked creek, at or near the 
 town of Ripley. The rates of ferriage for a wagon and two 
 horses was twenty-five cents, wagon and one horse fifteen 
 cents ; footman five cents, and each head of cattle three cents. 
 
 The consideration of road matter occupied a good part of 
 the time of tbe commissioners at their several sessions during 
 the year. 
 
 NINTH BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Alexander Campbell, Orris M. Henry, David Six, 1848- 
 1849. The tax levy for 1849 was twenty cents on every one 
 hundred dollars for county purposes, and the same amount 
 for road purposes. The whole amount was $2008.24 The 
 state constitution adopted in 1848 did away with the county 
 commissioners' courts, and substituted in thtir place a county 
 court, composed of one county Judge and two associate 
 justices. 
 
 FIRST COUNTY COURT, 1849-50. 
 
 Samuel S. Black, County Judge, George A. Taylor, Philip 
 Briggs, Asssociate Justices. 
 
 The first county court of Brown county met on tbe third 
 day of December, 1849, its members having been chosen at 
 the preceding election. The bond of George S. Myers, who 
 had been elected clerk, was placed on record, as was also the 
 commission of Samuel S. Black, the county judge. The first 
 action of the court was to make the usual allowance for the 
 payment of the judges and clerks at the August election. 
 
 March, 1850, a tax of forty cents on each one hundred 
 dollars of taxable property was levied. Each able-bodied 
 man was required to perform three days' labor on the public 
 roads for the year 1850. 
 
 George Elroy was authorized to establish a ferry across 
 Crooked creek, near Scott's mill, and R. H. Burton one 
 across the same stream at Burton's mill. 
 
 On the third of September, 1850, there is an order of the 
 court that the petition of Joseph Maservey and fifty others, 
 praying the court to cause the question of township organiza- 
 tion to be submitted to the voters of the county, be received, 
 and that the clerk cause public notice to be given in all the 
 precincts of the county that the question " For Township 
 Organization " and " Against Township Organization " 
 would be voted on at the succeeding November election. 
 
 SECOND COUNTY COURT. — 1850-1853. 
 
 Samuel S- Black, County Judge; Fhilip Briggs, Associate 
 Justice ; Benjamin F. De Witt, Associate Justice. 
 
 The county clerk, George S. Myers, having died since the 
 previous September term, James Brockman, in December, 
 1850, was appointed to fill the vacancy. 
 
 A number of entries appear on the records from 1839 to 
 1850 making allowances for medical attention to, and for 
 the care of paupers. The latter year the purchase of a poor 
 farm was decided on, and December fourth, 1850, Granville 
 Bond, Robert Dawson, and John S. Bailey were appointed 
 agents for Brown county to purchase one hundred and sixty 
 acres of land for a county farm and poor house, with direc- 
 tions to report, at the next term of court, specifications of 
 the plan of a building, and improvements necessary to create 
 a home for the paupers of Brown county, and the probable 
 expense of the same. The following March the above-named 
 agents were discharged, on their request. Granville Bond 
 and John S. Bailey were then re-appointed, and, with Lewis 
 Brockman, were authorized to purchase a suitable tract of 
 land for a poor farm, and have the same deeded to the 
 county. The southwest quarter of section ten, township one 
 south, range four west, was purchased of James W. Singleton 
 for the sum of fourteen hundred dollars, orders on the trea- 
 sury for which were issued to Singleton on the eighth of 
 March, 1851. Fifty -two and a half acres of this land were 
 at that time under cultivation. Lewis Brockman was 
 appointed agent to secure the erection of the building, for 
 which seven hundred dollars was appropriated on the eighth 
 of March, and on the seventeenth of the same month three 
 hundred and fifty dollars more should the same be needed. 
 
 On the second Saturday of April, 1851, a special election 
 was held to determine whether the county should subscribe 
 twenty-five thousand dollars to the capital stock of the 
 Northern Cross Railroad Company (now a part of the 
 Wabash, St Louis and Pacific Railway). A majority voted 
 against the subscription. 
 
 A tax of forty cents on the hundred dollars was assessed 
 in 1851, and an additional tax of ten cents on the hundred 
 dollars for the support of the poor. A tax of forty cents on 
 the one hundred dollars for the support of the poor was 
 levied in 18.32. These poor taxes furnished the means for 
 the purchase of the county farm and the building of a poor 
 house. The report of Granville Bond, treasurer in June, 
 1852, shows one dollar of internal improvement scrip in the 
 treasury, and that the only funds. The following memo- 
 randum ends his report: "N.B. There has nothing come to 
 my hands since the last report at March court from any 
 source whatever ; neither have I received any report of any
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 123 
 
 coming in." The county tax of 1851 amounted to $5320.70, 
 and of 1852, $5075.70. 
 
 Another special election was ordered for the twenty-first 
 day of August, 1852, at which the voters of the county 
 should vote on the proposition of subscribing the sum of 
 fifty thousand dollars to the capital stock of the Northern 
 Cross Railroad Company, and issuing county bonds for that 
 amount bearing eight per cent, interest. At the same time 
 the court expresses its resolution not to subscribe to any 
 Northern Cross Railroad stock "unless said company enter 
 into an obligation to pay all interest arising on county bonds 
 until said railroad shall pay the interest." 
 
 July, 1852, Dr. H. J. Rockwell was employed as county 
 pbysiciaa for one year, to attend all cases of sickness among 
 the paupers at the county prison. As compensation, he re- 
 ceived ninety cents for each visit and attention to one 
 patient, and fifty cents for each additional patient examined 
 and prescribed for at that visit, the county to furnish such 
 medicines as were generally used in ordinary practice. Dr. 
 Rockwell resigned this position, December, 1852. 
 
 THIRD COUNTY COURT, 1852-1853. 
 
 Samuel S. Black, county judge ; B. F. De Witt, associate 
 justice; Archibald A. Glenn, associate justice. Archibald 
 A. Glenn was elected associate justice in the place of Philip 
 Briggs, November, 1852. The county tax in 1853 was four 
 mills on the dollar for ordinary county purposes, and one 
 mill for the care of the poor. June, 1853, the county of 
 Brown joined with the county of Schuyler, in making a 
 contract for the construction of a bridge over Crooked creek, 
 at Ripley, at the cost of five thousand dollars, to be borne 
 equally by the two counties. 
 
 FOURTH county court, 1853-1854. 
 
 Jacob Vandeventer, county judge ; A. D. Ravenscroft, 
 associate justice ; John L Briggs, associate justice. John 
 Bullard, B. R. Parke, and William O. F. Campbell were 
 appointed commissioners December, 1853, to divide Brown 
 county into townships for the purpose of township organiza- 
 tion. They made their report on the ninth of January, 1854, 
 dividing the county into nine townships, with the names and 
 boundaries as known at present : 
 
 Ripley ; that part of township one north, range two west, 
 lying in Brown county. Missouri ; Township one north, 
 range three west. Pea Ridge ; Township one north, range 
 four west. Lee ; Township one south, range four west. Mt. 
 Sterling; Township one south, range three west. Coopers- 
 town ; Township one south, range two west, and fractional 
 township one south, range one west, yersailles ; Fractional 
 township two south, range one west, and two south, range 
 two west. Elkhorn ; Township two south, range three west. 
 Buckhorn ; Township two south, range four west. 
 
 The following Statement of the fiscal concerns of the county 
 was made in March, 1854. 
 
 Orders issued March term, 1853 $1,210 10 
 
 " June " " 584 13 
 
 " Sept. " " 495 43 
 
 Orders issued Oct., special term, 1883 . 699 15 
 
 «« « " " » . 509 00 
 
 m « Dec. « « 1,166 61 
 
 $4,664 42 
 
 Orders issued March term, 1854 1,653 43 
 
 Jury certificates, 1853 . • 809 00 
 
 $7,126 85 
 
 Orders cancelled March term 
 
 1853. . 
 
 $3 681 29 
 
 
 « «f 
 
 June *' 
 
 •< 
 
 951 83 
 
 
 M M 
 
 Sept " 
 
 <t 
 
 151 34 
 
 
 it it 
 
 October " 
 
 a 
 
 39 79 
 
 
 " << 
 
 Dec. * 
 
 u 
 
 9 00 
 
 
 «< U 
 
 March " 
 
 1854 . . 
 
 3,854 04 
 
 $8,678 29 
 
 INDEBTEDNESS OF TUK COUNTT. 
 
 Orders outstanding issued previous to December term, 
 
 1849, supposed to be $1,500 00 
 
 Orders issued from December term, 1849, up to and in- 
 cluding December term, 1853 3,189 71 
 
 Orders issued March term, 1854 1,653 43 
 
 Balance of revenue of 1853 deducted . . -• $6,343 14 
 
 Indebtedness, Marcb 9, 1854 2,660 00 
 
 $3,683 14 
 
 At a special election on the twenty-seventh (27) of May, 
 1854, the question of voting forty thousand dollars to the 
 capital stock of the Peoria and Hannibal railroad company, 
 and of issuing bonds for said capital stock in such instal- 
 ments as might be called for by the president and directors 
 of the railroad company, the bonds to run ten years, and 
 bear seven per cent, interest per annum, was submitted to 
 the voters of the county. The subscription of the county 
 was to be made with the express understanding that no 
 bonds should be issued till the railroad was put under con- 
 tract through Brown county. The ordering of this election, 
 was the last act of the old county court, after voting the 
 officers and members of the court pay for their attendance, 
 the court adjourned, never to meet again. The voters of 
 the county had decided to organize in townships, and on the 
 twenty-ninth of the same month the first board of super- 
 visors held its initial session. 
 
 first board of supervisors. 1854-1855. 
 
 Ripley township, John N. Ebey : Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, Daniel Roberts; 
 Lee township, S. C Haymond ; Mt. Sterling township, 
 Jacob Hersman ; Cooperstowu township, Benoni R Parke, 
 (chairman) ; Versailles township, Stephen D. Hambaugh ; 
 Elkhorn township, Moses Winslow; Buckhorn township, 
 Arthur Martin. 
 
 Benoni R. Parke was chosen chak-man. After a few 
 allowances for expenses connected with the April term of 
 the circuit court, and for the attendance of the members of 
 the board, adjournment was had to the regular meeting in 
 June. 
 
 June, 1854, the board directed that notice be given of a 
 special election on the fallowing twenty-second day of July,
 
 124 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 at which the same proposition in regard to subscription to 
 the Peoria and Hannibal railroad stock would be submitted 
 as the county court had ordered to be submitted at an elec- 
 tion on the twenty-seventh of May of the same year. The 
 people voted against the subscription. 
 
 The tax for county purposes lor the year 1854 was made 
 forty-five cents on each one hundred dollars worth of tax- 
 able property. A separate tax for township purposes was 
 levied in each township, varying from three cents on the one 
 hundred dollars in Cooperstown to eight cents in Ripley> 
 Pea Ridge and Buckhorn. 
 
 SECOND BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1855-1856. 
 
 Ripley towns-hip, William H. Glenn ; Missouri township 
 Alexander Campbell, (chairman) ; Pea Ridge township, 
 David K. Watson ; Lee township, John Maltby ; Mt. Ster- 
 ling township, Jacob Hersmau ; Cooperstown township, 
 Orris M. Henry ; Versailles township, Cortz Hume; Elk- 
 horn township, Sanford McDauiel; Buckhorn township, 
 Charles B. Adams. 
 
 Alexander Campbell was elected chairman. A tax of 
 twenty cents for county purposes was levied for the year 
 1855. 
 
 Orders and jury certificates to the amount of $1139.46 
 were cancelled at the March tirm 1856. The sum of fifty 
 dollars was appropriated to assist in purchasing fire appara- 
 tus for the town of Mt. Sterling. 
 
 THIRD BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1856-1857. 
 
 Ripley township, William H.Glenn; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, David K. Wat- 
 son ; Lee township, John Maltby ; Mt. Sterling township, 
 Jacob Hersman (chairman) ; Cooperstown township, Hiram 
 Baker; Versailles township, A. D. Ravencroft ; Elkhorn 
 township, Sewell Gerrish ; Buckhorn township, Philip Linn. 
 
 At a special meeting of the board on the fifteenth of 
 May, 18;>6, a resolution was unanimously adopted calling a 
 special election on the twenty-first day of June, 1856, at 
 which the voters of the county could express their wishes 
 o 1 the proposition of the count} - subscribing one hundred, 
 thousand dollars to the capital stock of the Northern Cross 
 Railroad Company for the purpose of aiding in the con- 
 structioh of a road from Camp Poiut in Adams county, 
 through the county of Brown, to the Illinois river at or 
 near Meredosia, said subscription to be paid in the bonds of 
 Brown county, at their par value, payable ten years after 
 date with eight per cent, interest Should the subscription 
 be authorized the county judge was instructed to make the 
 subscription in due form. 
 
 Another resolution was carried unanimously on the same 
 day to the effect that should the voters of the county author- 
 ize the subscription, the county judge or county clerk, should 
 be empowered to receive in lieu of said stock of the Northern 
 Cross Railroad Company, an equal amount of the Lake 
 Erie, Wabash and St. Louis, the Toledo and Illinois, 
 and the Great Western Railroad Companies, with which 
 organization it was expected the Northern Cross Rail- 
 road Company would consolidate. 
 
 This proposition to vote aid to the railroad was carried. 
 On the twenty-fifth of May, 1857, the board of supervisors 
 requested the county judge, Jacob Vandeventer, to cause to 
 be prepared and executed one hundred bonds of the county 
 of Brown, of one thousand dollars each, payable ten years 
 after date at the Metropolitan bank in the city of New York, 
 with interest at the rate of eight per cent, per annum, payable 
 semi-annually on the first day of July and January of each 
 year. The county judge, on receiving one hundred thousand 
 dollars of the stock of the Toledo, Wabash and Western 
 Railroad Company at par, was directed to deliver said bonds 
 of Brown county to the Quincy and Toledo Railroad Com- 
 pany. 
 
 These bonds were delivered to the treasurer of the Quin- 
 cy and Tol«Jo railroad company on the eighteenth of June, 
 1857, as appears from the following receipt : 
 
 " Rec'd Quincy, June 18, '57, of Brown county, State of 
 I linois, by J. B. Moore, Esq., one hundred bonds of said 
 county for the sura of one thousand dollars each, amt'g to 
 one hundred thousand dollars, am't of their subscription to 
 the Northern Cross R. Road from Camp Point to Illinois 
 River. (signed) J. Woodruff, Treas. 
 
 Q. & T. R. Road Co." 
 
 March tenth, 1858, the county judge delivered to the 
 board of supervisors two certificates of stock of one thou- 
 sand shares each (each share being fifty dollars), in the To- 
 ledo. Wabash and Western Railroad Company, the amount 
 of stock received by the county for its subscription of one 
 hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 The treasurer '8 report for the year preceding, September, 
 1 Q 56, shows that the revenue to the county from taxation in 
 
 1855 was $3256 55. The clerk of the circuit court paid 
 over for jury' fees amounting to '$21.75. The income from 
 licenses, including $15.00 for show license, was $25 00. In 
 
 1856 he tax for county purposes was two and one-half mills 
 t ii each dollar of taxable property. The township taxes 
 varied from three cents in Ripley to thirteen cents in Mt. 
 Sterling township. 
 
 September, 1856, the poor farm, which had been under 
 the care of Patterson H. Merritt, was rented to Fielding T. 
 Glenn, who paid $3.05 for each acre of land under cultiva- 
 tion. 
 
 FOURTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1857-1858. 
 
 Ripley township, Willis O'Neal ; Missouri township, Alex- 
 ander Campbell, chairman ; Pea Ridge township, Isaac 
 Parker ; Lee township. John Maltby ; Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship, Jacob Hersman ; Cooperstown township, Benjamin F. 
 De Witt; Versailles township, Cortez Hume; Elkhorn 
 township, Sewell Gerrish ; Buckhorn township, Charles B. 
 Adams. 
 
 The railroad subscription made taxes in Brown county 
 high in 1857. The county tax was twenty cents on each 
 one hundred dollars of taxable property. The railroad tax 
 was fifty ceuts on each one hundred dollars. The township 
 taxes ranged from six cents in Missouri, Mt. Sterling and 
 Lee townships to fifteen in Ripley and Versailles.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 125 
 
 On the tenth of March, 1858, James B. Moore was ap- 
 pointed a commissioner to sell and transfer the two thousand 
 shares of Toledo, Wabash and Western Railroad stock be- 
 longing to the county, on the condition that the stock should 
 not be sold at less than fifty per cent, of its par value. 
 Moore was required to give a bond in the sum of one hun- 
 dred thousand dollars. August, 1858, he was authorized to 
 transfer to Azanah Boody, of the city of New York, the 
 one hundred thousand dollar* of stock in the Toledo, Wa- 
 bash and Western Railroad Company, and receive in lieu 
 thereof an equal amount of stock of the Quincy & Toledo 
 Railroad Company, which exchange was accordingly made. 
 
 FIFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 
 
 Ripley township, B. C. Vincent ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge, David K. Watson ; Lee 
 township, John Maltby, (chairman) ; Mt. Sterling township, 
 Jacob Hersman ; Cooperstown township, Benjamin F. De 
 Witt ; Versailles township, John R. Briggs ; Elkhorn town- 
 ship, Sanford McDaniel ; Buckhorn township, Cornelius 
 Vandeventer. 
 
 The needs of the county having outgrown the accommo- 
 dations of the old jail, in May, 1858, the board of supervi- 
 sors determined on the erection of a new building. Alex- 
 ander Campbell, Jacob Hersman and B. F. De Witt, were 
 appointed a committee to superintend its construction. June 
 fourth, 1858, the contract for building the jail was let to 
 John Maltby, at the sum of five thousand dollars. 
 
 The tax levy for 1858 was forty cents on the one hundred 
 dollars for county purposes, and fifty-five cents to pay rail- 
 road indebtedness — the highest tax the county had known 
 at that time. The township taxes varied from three cents 
 in Lee to fifteen in Ripley township. The treasurer's re- 
 port shows that for the previous year, 1857, the net amount 
 of railroad tax collected was $8120.20, which was used in 
 cancelling coupons. The county tax for the same year was 
 $3419 88. The real and personal taxable property of the 
 cjunty in 1857 was assessed at $1,709,941. The net rail- 
 road tax collected in 1858 was $7987.55; county tax, 
 $5892.30. The assessment for 1858 was $81,721,305. 
 
 SIXTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1859-1860. 
 
 Ripley township, William H. Glenn ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, David K. 
 Watson ; Lee township, John L. Briggs ; Mt- Sterling 
 township, Jacob Hersman ; Cooperstown township, Benja- 
 min F De Witt, chairman ; Versailles township, John R. 
 Briggs; Elkhorn township, Moses Winslow ; Buckhorn 
 township, Alfred Payne. 
 
 A proposition to sell the poor farm had been made in 
 1858, and the board of supervisors had, on the tenth of 
 March of that year, ordered it to be sold at public sale. It 
 remained, however, in the possession of the county. Wil- 
 liam Brake rented the farm of the county in 1858, and Rob 
 ert Lester and James Plew in 1859. 
 
 The county tax for 1859 was forty cents, and the railroad 
 tax fifty cents on each one hundred dollars of taxable 
 property. 
 
 December Gth, 1859. the board offered a reward of one 
 hundred dollars for the arrest of one Henry Parish, who 
 had murdered Jonah Clark in this county, on the previous 
 26th of November. 
 
 Dissatisfaction at the payment of the railroad indebted- 
 ness had become mauifest throughout the county, and on 
 the 6th of March, 1860, the following entry appears on the 
 records : 
 
 "In accordance with the prayer of numerous petitions 
 presented to this board by legal voters and taxpayers of 
 Brown county, amounting, we believe, to an expression of 
 opinion from the majority of said county: It is, therefore 
 ordered that the county treasurer of Brown county be, and 
 he is hereby, directed to retain in his hands all moneys by 
 him received, or which may be received, as railroad tax for 
 the year 1859, and that the said treasurer be, and is hereby, 
 enjoined from paying out any of said money on railroad 
 coupons, or otherwise until further ordered by this board." 
 This order was rescinded in April, 1860. 
 
 SEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1860-1861. 
 
 Ripley township, A. E. Martin; Missouri township, Wil- 
 liam Cullinau; Pea Ridge township, David K. Watson; 
 Lee township, William Campbell ; Mt. Sterling township, 
 Jacob Hersman (chairman) ; Cooperstown township, John 
 Chapman; Versailles township, John R. Briggs; Elkhorn 
 township, Moses Winslow; Buckhorn township, Alfred 
 Payne. 
 
 A tax of thirty-three cents on every one hundred dollars 
 of taxable property was levied in 1860. No levy of a tax 
 was made with which to meet the railroad indebtedness. 
 The taxable property of the county was assessed this year 
 at $1,602,395. 
 
 December, 1860, the board passed a resolution earnestly 
 requesting the senator and representative of Brown county 
 to oppose and defeat all bills that might be introduced at 
 the approaching session of the legislature for the purpose of 
 legalizing the outstanding bonds of Brown county. 
 
 A. A. Glenn, school commissioner, March, 1861, reported 
 the seminary and state fund for 1859, to amount to $4985.55, 
 which, less his commissions, was distributed among the diff- 
 erent townships. 
 
 James Plew rented the county farm in 1861, at two dol- 
 lars and fifty cents for each acre under cultivation. J. R. 
 Gordon in March, 1861, was appointed attorney for the 
 county to collect the forfeited recognizances that had been 
 accumulating in the circuit court. He was instructed to 
 exercise reasonable discretion in regard to the parties 
 against whom he proceeded. Twenty per cent, of the 
 amount collected he was to retain as fees, and eighty per 
 cent, was to be paid to the school commissioner of the 
 county. 
 
 EIGHTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1861-1862. 
 
 Ripley township, A. E. Martin ; Missouri township, Alex* 
 ander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, David K. Watson, 
 Lee township, Isham Scroggan; Mt. Sterling township, 
 Jacob Hersman; Cooperstown township, John Chapman
 
 126 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 (chairman); Versailles township, A. D. Ravenscroft; Elk- 
 horn township, Thomas Russell ; Buckhorn township, Alfred 
 Payne. 
 
 A dog law, providing that one dog might be kept free of 
 all tax; for the second a tax of one dollar should be paid; 
 for the third two dollars, and double thereafter; the money 
 arising from said tax to be applied to school purposes, was 
 passed on the 27th of April, 1861, five supervisors voting in 
 the affirmative and four in the negative. 
 
 September 9th, 1861, the board of supervisors appropri- 
 ated one thousand dollars for the benefit of the families of 
 the volunteers from Brown county, then serving in the war 
 of the Rebellion. The supervisors acted as agents in dis- 
 tributing this fund in their respective townships. 
 
 A county tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars 
 was levied for the year 1861. 
 
 Suit had been brought against Brown county in the 
 United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of 
 Illinois on unpaid coupons of the bonds issued by the 
 county to the Toledo, Wabash and Western Railroad Com- 
 pany. June, 1861, the board of supervisors appointed a 
 committee to employ counsel and make arrangements to 
 defend these suits. The firms of Hay, Campbell & Cullom 
 and Stuart, Edwards & Brown, of Springfield, were em- 
 ployed as counsel. The court, at the trial in September, 
 
 1861, decided that in the hands of bona fide assignees the 
 bonds and coupons were valid against the county. March, 
 
 1862, the board of supervisors appropriated 83,447.67 for 
 the payment of the judgment against the county in the 
 above suits. 
 
 NINTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1862-1863. 
 
 Ripley township, A. E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 William Cullinan ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas Dawson ; 
 Lee township, Alexander Hetrick ; Mt Sterling township, 
 Henry P. Grover ; Cooperstown township, John Chapman 
 (chairman) ; Versailles township, A. D. Ravenscroft ; Elk- 
 horn township, John George ; Buckhorn township, William 
 Orr. 
 
 The county-tax levy in 1862 was fifty cents on every one 
 hundred dollars. The township taxes ranged from three 
 cents in Lee, to fifteen in Versailles, Elkhorn and Ripley. . 
 
 TENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1863-1864. 
 
 Ripley township, A. E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 William O. F. Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas 
 Dawson ; Lee township, William Campbell ; Mt Sterling 
 township, Henry P. Grover ; Cooperstown township, John 
 Chapman (chairman) ; Versailles township, Edward Pur- 
 cell ; Elkhorn township, John George ; Buckhorn township 
 William Orr. 
 
 The county-tax for the year 1863 was fifty cents on the 
 one hundred dollars. The property within the county of 
 the Quincy and Toledo Railroad Company, which had been 
 assessed at the company's valuation the preceding year, was 
 in 1863 increased twenty per cent, above the value set by ■ 
 the railroad company, making the assessed value 858,171.98, 
 of which $45,264.00 was the value of the fixed and stationary 
 personal property. 
 
 ELEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1834-1865. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 William O. F. Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas 
 Dawson (chairman) ; Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. 
 Sterling township, Henry P. Grover ; Cooperstown town- 
 ship, John Chapman ; Versailles township, Thomas J. 
 Russell ; Elkhorn township, John George ; Buckhorn town- 
 ship, William Orr. 
 
 The county-tax for 1864 was fixed at fifty cents on the 
 one hundred dollars. The taxes in the township, for town- 
 ship purposes, varied from four cents in Lee, to twenty-five 
 and thirty cents in Versailles and Ripley. 
 
 Thomas Dawson having been elected sheriff", John Chap- 
 man was made chairman of the board, December, 1864. 
 Sanford Bond supplied Dawson's place as supervisor from 
 Pea Ridge township. 
 
 February eleventh, 1865, the board ordered that a tax of 
 four per cent on each one hundred dollars' worth of taxable 
 property in the county, as appeared from the assessment 
 thereof in 1864, be levied for the purpose of raising money 
 to pay bounties, of not more than one hundred dollars each, 
 to the number of volunteers, or drafted men, necessary to 
 fill the quotas of the several townships in the county under 
 the call of the President of the United States, for three 
 hundred thousand more men to serve in the war of the re- 
 bellion. The county clerk was directed to prepare one 
 hundred and thirty-two orders upon this special fund, these 
 orders to be countersigned by the treasurer and registered, 
 and then placed in the hands of a committee' to be paid 
 out to persons volunteering or drafted. William Taylor, 
 Archibald A. Glenn, and William L. Vandeventer were ap- 
 pointed the committee to take charge of and pay out these 
 orders. A special collector for each township was appointed, 
 and the collectors were instructed to collect the tax in gold 
 or silver, United States Treasury notes or national and 
 postal currency. 
 
 The tax charged under this levy was $60,809.68, and after 
 deductions on account of delinquents and commissions paid 
 township collectors, the sum of 855,203.61 reached the hands 
 of the county collector. His commission was five hundred 
 dollars. Warrants on this fund were cashed to the amount 
 of $53,252.25. The balance ($1 ,451.36) was on the twelfth 
 of September, 1865, ordered to be distributed among the 
 several townships of the county, in proportion to the amount 
 levied in each township, to be paid out by the several super- 
 visors to cases needing charity or assistance, or for such 
 other purposes as each township might deem best The 
 county collector, into whose hands this tax came, was re- 
 quired to give bond in the sum of one hundred and twenty , 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 TWELFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1865-1866. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 Esli Shirtliff ; Pea Ridge township, John P. Richmond ; 
 Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling, Archibald A. 
 Glenn (chairman) ; Cooperstown township, John Chapman ; 
 Versailles township, Saul Vandeventer ; Elkhorn township.. 
 John George ; Buckhorn township, Jesse Harris.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 127 
 
 The county farm was rented to James Plew for the year 
 1866, at a rental of two dollars and seventy cents an acre 
 for all the tillable land. Plew contracted to board the 
 paupers that might be sent to the farm at the rate of two 
 dollars and twenty-five cents per week. 
 
 A couuty tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars 
 was levied in September, 1865. The following December, 
 the board ordered that a special tax of one per cent, on all 
 the taxable property in the county, be levied to pay the 
 county orders, then issued and registered with the treasurer, 
 which the ordinary tax for the year, already levied, would 
 be insufficient to meet. 
 
 This order of December, 1865, was rescinded September 
 10th, 1866 ; but on the same day a special tax of one per 
 cent, was levied under the act of the General Assembly of 
 the State of Illinois, approved February 16th, 1863, for the 
 purpose of paying off the couuty indebtedness. 
 
 THIRTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1866-1867. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 Esli Shirtliff; Pea Ridge township, David K. Watson ; Lee 
 township, King Kerley ; Mouut Sterling township, Daniel 
 Six ; Cooperstown township, John Chapman (chairman) ; 
 Versailles township, Saul Vaudeventer; Elkhorn township, 
 Sewell Gerrish ; Buckhorn township, William Orr. 
 
 This board resolved on building a new court-house. April, 
 1866, a committee was appointed to employ an architect to 
 draw plans. June, 1866, a plan for the new building was 
 adopted. On the same day a committee was authorized to 
 borrow money. The following September a committee was 
 appointed to sell the old building at public auction, and to 
 rent suitable rooms for the couuty officers till a new build- 
 ing should be erected. Several attempts were also made 
 during the year to compromise the bonded indebtedness of 
 the county. 
 
 FOURTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS — 1867-1868. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, John J. Peve- 
 house ; Lee township, King Kerley ; Mount Sterling town- 
 ship, Daniel Six ; Cooperstown township, John Chapman, 
 (chairman) ; Versailles township, Saul Vaudeventer ; Elk- 
 horn township, John George; Buckhorn township, William 
 Orr. 
 
 The sum of eighteen thousand dollars having been fur- 
 nished the county with which to build the new court-house, 
 borrowed on the authority of the county, the board, on the 
 ninth of September, 1*67, ordered that thirty-six orders of 
 five hundred dollars each be issued to William L. Vaude- 
 venter, Adam E. Martin, Alexander Campbell, Daniel Six, 
 and William L. Taylor, and that the said orders be paid out 
 of the funds raised to pay county indebtedness, in pursuance 
 of the statute of February 16, 1863. 
 
 And, for the purpose of raising money to pay and dis- 
 charge said indebtedness, it was further ordered that a tax 
 of one per cent, be levied on all the taxable property of the 
 county, to be used, when collected, for the purpose named 
 aud none other. A tax of fifty cents on each one hundred 
 
 dollars of taxable property, for ordinary county purposes, 
 was levied the same day. 
 
 The railroad indebtedness of the county yet remained un- 
 adjusted, with the decision of the United States Circuit 
 Court that the bonds and coupons in the hands of bona fide 
 assignees, were valid against the county. June 5th, 1865, 
 Archibald A. Glenn was appointed an agent to negotiate 
 with the holders of railroad bonds in Brown couuty, and try 
 to effect a settlement upon the basis of forty cents upon the 
 dollar. On the 28th of April, 1866, the board of supervisors 
 appointed a committee of three to correspond with the hold- 
 ers of bonds and ascertain if possible the best terms on 
 which a compromise could be made. June 26th, 1866, a 
 committee was appointed to adjust and settle the bonded 
 debt of the county according to their best judgment, by the 
 exchange of new county bonds for the old bonds, according 
 to an act of the General Assembly approved February 13th, 
 1865. 
 
 A committee, on the 28th of December, 1867, was ap- 
 pointed to confer with the law firm of Skinner & Marsh, of 
 Quincy, attorneys for parties who had begun suits against 
 the county in the United States courts on these bonds, which 
 fell due January 1st, 1867. This committee reported that 
 the best arrangement that could be made was to give, in 
 exchange for the old bonds, new bonds running twenty years, 
 drawing six per cent, annual interest, with five per cent, of 
 the principal, also, payable annually. This arrangement 
 was accordingly made as to the bonds controlled by the firm 
 of Skinner & Marsh. The new bonds bore date July 1st, 
 1868. The annual interest, and five per cent, sinking fund, 
 were represented by coupons attached to the bond. March 
 2d, 1868, the board of supervisors ordered that the chair- 
 man and clerk of the board issue such new bonds in place 
 of the old ones, as the latter were surrendered. 
 
 To provide the means to carry out this arrangement on 
 the 2d of March, 1868, a special tax of one per cent, was 
 levied on all the taxable property of the county. It was 
 directed that the proceeds of this tax should be kept sepa- 
 rate, and applied specially to the payment of the judgments 
 obtained on the bonds. 
 
 FIFTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1868-1869. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell ; Pea Ridge township, James Brady ; 
 Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling township, Geo. 
 W. McCoy ; Cooperstown township, John Chapman ; Ver- 
 sailles township, W. -W. Glaze ; Elkhorn township, John 
 George (chairman) ; Buckhorn township, William Orr. 
 
 The county having become indebted to Thomas W. Scott, 
 of Rushville, in the sum of five thousand dollars, with in- 
 terest at the rate of ten per cent, per annum from the fourth 
 day of September, 1866, which amount would become pay- 
 able on the fourth day of September, 1868, and there being 
 no money in the treasury to discharge said indebtedness, the 
 board of supervisors, on the 8th of August, 1868, author- 
 ized the court house building committee to borrow sufficient 
 money to pay such obligation, on the faith and credit of the 
 county. It was directed that orders should be issued in de-
 
 12S 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 nomination* to suit the lenders for whatever sums should be 
 borrowed, including whatever premium, or interest the com- 
 mittee in their discretion 'might agree to pay as the difference 
 in value between the lawful money to be received from such 
 lenders and the county orders to be issued in payment of such 
 bonds, "the board of supervisors," the order concludes, 
 " pledging the faith and credit of the county to each and 
 every person lending money upon the faith and in pursu- 
 ance of this order, to issue such orders in payment of such 
 loans at the regular annual meeting of this board in Sep- 
 tember next." 
 
 The following September, orders for $7353.S0 were allowed 
 for the $5515.35 cash borrowed to liquidate the county's in- 
 debtedness to Scott. 
 
 SIXTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1869-1870. 
 
 Ripley township, William H. Glenn ; Missouri township, 
 William Forsythe ; Pea Ridge township, Joseph E. Mann ; 
 Lee township, Lewis Briggs ; Mt Sterling township, Thomas 
 H. Lynch ; Cooperstown township. Benjamin F. De Witt 
 (chairman) ; Versailles township, W. AV. Glaze ; Elkhorn 
 township. Henry D. Bitter; Buckhorn township, Abel D. 
 Berry. 
 
 It will be seen that almost an entire new board of super- 
 visors was elected in 1809, W. W. Glaze, of Versailles, being 
 the only one returned who was a member of the previous 
 board. 
 
 The board was again obliged to resort to a high rate of 
 taxation, the reasons for which are given in the following 
 order : 
 
 " Whereas, John R. Knox did, on the eighth day of Jan- 
 uary, 1*63, recover a judgment in the Circuit Court of the 
 United States for the Southern District of Illinois, against 
 the County of Brown, for about the sum of seven thousand 
 seven hundred dollars, a part of which yet remains unpaid ; 
 and whereas, a Miss Webster also obtained a judgment of 
 said court against said county for about the sum of seven- 
 teen hundred dollars, which like sum remains due and un- 
 paid ; and whereas the county of Brown is iudebted to sun- 
 dry persons in the sum of about twelve thousand dollars, for 
 which orders on the treasurer of the county have been issued 
 by the clerk of the board of supervisors of said county, 
 countersigned by the treasurer of said Brown couuty, which 
 county orders have been duly presented to the treasurer of 
 said county for payment, and by him duly registered accord, 
 ing to law, thereby being entitled to have paid on them the 
 first money that comes into the said county treasury; there- 
 fore it is ordered by the board of supervisors of said county, 
 '• that a tax of one per cent- on each dollar's worth of taxable 
 property, both real and personal, in said county, be levied 
 for the year 1809, for the purpose of paying the above- 
 mentioned indebtedness, and that the county treasurer of 
 said county be instructed and directed to collect said tax 
 and apply the same on said indebtedness so far as the same 
 will go, and make report of his doings to said board." 
 
 The tax for ordinary county purposes this year was also 
 fixed at fifty cents. 
 
 On the 9th of March, 1870, Archibald A. Glenn was 
 
 allowed $7350.76 in county orders, for the purpose of paying 
 the remainder of the county debt created for the purpose of 
 building the court-house. The balance due in cash, March 
 8th, 1870, was §5513.07; so that the county orders were 
 only received at the rate of seventy-five cents on the dollar. 
 The same day the county clerk was authorized to pay the 
 judgment in the case of Emeline Webster against the county, 
 amounting to $2753.00, with money to be borrowed, and 
 county orders to be issued therefor, at the rate of one dollar 
 for each seventy-five cents of cash procured. 
 
 SEVENTEENTH .BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1870-1871. 
 
 Ripley township, William H. Glenn ; Missouri township, 
 Nathaniel Clark: Pea Ridge township, Joseph E.Mann; 
 Lee township, Alexander Orr; Mt. Sterling township, Tho- 
 mas Jones; Cooperstown township, W T illiam Taylor; Ver- 
 sailles township, John Bond ; Elkhorn township, John 
 George (chairman) ; Buckhorn township, William Orr. 
 . September, 1870, in compliance with the mandate of the 
 circuit court of the United States, for the southern district 
 of Illinois, in the ca*e of Frederick H. Brooks vs. The Board 
 of Supervisors of Brown county, a special tax of fifty cents 
 on the one hundred dollars' worth of taxable property was 
 levied to pay the judgment decreed in that case. A special 
 tax of one dollar on each one hundred dollars of taxable 
 property was also levied for the purpose of paying county 
 indebtedness previously contracted, as evidenced by the 
 county orders issued and presented for registration. The 
 collector was instructed to collect such taxes in current 
 money, and to hold and pay out the same for the above pur- 
 poses and none other. 
 
 A tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars was also 
 levied for ordinary county purposes. The township taxes 
 for the year 1870 varied from ten cents in Missouri, Lee, 
 and Cooperstown to forty cents in Mt. Sterling. 
 
 December, 1870, the compensation of the sheriff was fixed 
 at twelve hundred dollars per annum, and the coroner at 
 fifty dollars per annum, to be earned out of the fees of the 
 office. Provision was made for the payment of the sheriff's 
 deputies. 
 
 EIGHTEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1871-1872. 
 
 Ripley township, William H. Glenn ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell (chairman) ; Pea Ridge township, 
 Joseph E. Mann ; Lee township, Alexander Orr ; Mt. Ster- 
 ling township, Thomas Jones ; Cooperstown township, John 
 Burgesser ; Versailles township, John Bond ; Elkhorn 
 township, Frederick W. Wenneker ; Buckhorn township, 
 Abel D. Berry. 
 
 A tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars fordefray- 
 ing the ordinary expenses of the county was levied for the 
 year 1871. The township taxes this year were forty cents 
 in Ripley, Missouri, Mt. Sterling, Versailles and Buckhorn 
 townships. A special tax of one dollar was beside levied to 
 pay county indebtedness. The collectors were authorized to 
 receive this tax in county orders, or other evidences of county 
 indebtedness The taxable property of the county was as- 
 sessed at $1,405,284.00. The net revenue for the year was 
 $20,004.22.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 129 
 
 NINETEENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1872-1873. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martiu ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell (chairman) ; Pea Ridge township. 
 Joseph E. Mann ; Lee township, Alexander Orr ; Mt. Ster- 
 ling township, Henry P. Grover ; Cooperstown township, 
 John Burjiesser: Versailles township, Obadiah Summy ; 
 Elkhorn township, Frederick W. Wenneker ; Buckhorn 
 township, William Orr. 
 
 July, 1872, the board ordered that twelve thousand dol- 
 lars be raised by taxation as county revenue for the current 
 year. , 
 
 TWENTIETH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1873-1874. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin; Missouri township, 
 Richard Cook ; Pea Ridge township, Joseph E. Mann 
 (chairman); Lee township, Daniel M. Sides; Mt. Sterling 
 township, Robert A. Cox ; Cooperstown township, Stephen 
 D. Cox; Versailles township, Obadiah Summy; Elkhorn 
 towuship, Amos N. Baldwin ; Buckhorn township, Gran- 
 ville B. Scanlan- 
 
 A county tax of twenty thousand dollars was levied in 
 1873 ; of this six thousand do'lars was directed to be collected 
 in money for the purpose of paying the first instalment on 
 the contract for the bridges on McKee's creek, and the re- 
 mainder in cash county orders or jury certificates. 
 
 December, 1873, the salaries of county officers were fixed 
 as follows: 
 
 County judge, six hundred dollars, to be paid out of the 
 county treasury on order of the chairman of the board of 
 supervisors. County clerk, one thousand dollars and four 
 hundred dollars additional for clerk hire and office expenses, 
 to be retained out of the fees of his office. County treasurer, 
 and ex-officio collector, seven hundred dollars, to be retained 
 out of the fees of his office. County superintendent of 
 schools, four hundred dollars, to be retained out of the fees of 
 his office. Restricted to one hundred days' service in visiting 
 the schools of the county, and for every day of such service 
 to be paid out of the county treasury. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1874-1875. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 R. N. Clark ; Pea Ridge township, David K. Watson (chair- 
 man); Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship, W. C. Crawford ; Cooperstown township, Ira Howell ; 
 Versailles township, Edward Walsh ; Elkhorn township, H. 
 C. Northern ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. Berry ; 
 
 A county tax of twenty thousand dollars was levied in 
 1874, nine thousand of which was to be applied to the pay- 
 ment of bridge contracts already made. 
 
 TWENTY-SECOND BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1875-1876. 
 
 Ripley township, William H. Glenn : Missouri township, 
 R. N. Clark ; Pea Ridge township, Joseph E. Mann ; Lee 
 township, King Kerley (chairman ;) Mt- Sterling township, 
 George W. McCoy ; Cooperstown township, Ira Howell ; Ver- 
 sailles township, Edward Walsh ; Elkhorn township, H. C. 
 Northern ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. Berry. 
 
 A county tax of seven thousand dollars was levied in 
 1875. 
 
 '17 
 
 TWENTY-THIRD BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1876-1877- 
 
 Ripley township, R. R. Randall ; Missouri township, Ed- 
 ward J. Healy ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas J. Nolan ; 
 Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling township, W. C 
 Crawford (chairman;) Cooperstown township, Joseph A. 
 Cox ; Versailles township, Thomas J. Russell ; Elkhorn 
 township, David H. Terry ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. 
 Berry. 
 
 The equalized value of taxable property in Brown county 
 in 1876 was $3,349,643.00. The county tax charged for the 
 year was $10,366.45, of which the county received a net 
 revenue of $10,011.63. 
 
 TWENTY-FOURTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1877-1878. 
 
 Ripley township, R. R. Randall ; Missouri township, Ed- 
 ward J. Healy; Pea Ridge township, James Brady; Lee 
 township, King Kerley ( chairman ;) Mt. Sterling township, 
 George W. McCoy ; Cooperstown township, Joseph A. Cox ; 
 Versailles township, B. L. Rowknd ; Elkhorn township, 
 David H. Terry ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. Berry. 
 
 A county tax of twelve thousand dollars was levied in 
 1877. 
 
 TWENTY-FIFTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1878-1879. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin ; Missouri township, 
 James W. Singleton ; Pea Ridge township, James Brady ; 
 Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling township. George 
 W. McCoy (chairman;) Cooperstown township, Joseph A 
 C_>x ; Versailles township, Harrison Burgesser ; Elkhorn 
 township, Jesse W. Hill ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. 
 Berry. 
 
 August 5th, 1878, the board resolved to build a new house 
 on the county poor farm, suitable for the paupers. A 
 committee was appointed to draw a plan and make specifica- 
 tions for such a house, and to ascertain the probable cost. A 
 large two story frame house was built at a cost of upward of 
 three thousand dollars. On account of the insufficient ac- 
 commodations at the county farm there had been for some 
 years past no settled arrangement in regard to the care of 
 paupers. At one time each township cared for its own pau- 
 pers, and different persons had at other times been paid for 
 the care of individual cases. The board, which previously 
 had made an order depriving the paupers at the county 
 farm of the use of tobacco, in December, 1 878, rescinded 
 this order and decided that tobacco should be furnished at 
 the expense of the county. A tax of thirteen thousand dol- 
 lars was levied in 1878. 
 
 TWENTY-SIXTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1879-1880. 
 
 Ripley township, Adam E. Martin (chairman ;) Missouri 
 township, James W. Singleton ; Pea Ridge township, T. C. 
 McMurry ; Lee township, Lewis Briggs ; Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship, George W. McCoy ; Cooperstown township Joseph 
 A. Cox; Versailles township, Harrison Burgesser; Elkhorn 
 township, Jesse "W. Hill; Buckhorn township, Abel D. 
 Berry. 
 
 September, 1879, a county tax of eleven thousand dollars 
 was levied.
 
 130 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 TWENTY-SEVENTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1880-81. 
 
 Ripley township, R R. Randall ; Missouri township, E. 
 J. Healty ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas Brady ; Lee town- 
 ship Lewis Briggs; Ht Sterling township, Frederick W. 
 Rottger; Cjoperstown township, Joseph A. Cox, (chair- 
 man) ; Versailles township, Harrison Burgesser; Elkhorn 
 township, Jesse W. Hill ; Buckhorn township, Abel D. 
 Berry. 
 
 December, 18S0, James McCormick took his place on the 
 board as a member from Versailles township in the place of 
 Harrison Burgesser, deceased. 
 
 A tax of thirteen thousand dollars was levied in 1880 
 
 TWENTY EIGHTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1881-82. 
 
 Ripley township, William A. Canada ; Missouri township, 
 Edward J. Healey ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas C. Mc- 
 Murry ; Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Stirling township, 
 John J. Teefey ; Cooperstown township, Joseph A. Cox, 
 (chairman) ; Versailles township, James McCormick ; Elk- 
 horn township, Henry D. Ritter ; Buckhorn township, Abel 
 D. Berry. 
 
 The county jail had been for some time in au unsatisfac- 
 tory condition, and a number of prisoners had recently made 
 their escape. A proposition to build a new Jail was voted 
 down in the board of supervisors, and on the twelfth of 
 July, 1881, John H. Michelman of Quincy, was employed 
 to line the cells with boiler iron. This was done at a cost 
 of about one thousand dollars. While these repairs were 
 in progress the prisoners of the county were removed to 
 Quincy, and there confined. 
 
 A county tax of ten thousand dollars was levied in 1881 
 
 TWENTY NINTH BOARD OF SUPERVISORS, 1882 83. 
 
 Ripley township, Charles W. Kieth ; Missouri township, 
 Alexander Campbell, Jun ; Pea Ridge township, Thomas C. 
 McMurry; Lee township, King Kerley ; Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship, John J. Teefey .(chairman) ; Cooperstown township, Wil- 
 liam C. Berry ; Versailles township James McCormick ; Elk- 
 horn township, Henry C. Northern ; Buckhorn township, 
 Abel D. Berry. 
 
 The present salaries of the county officers, fixed in Sep- 
 tember, 1881, are as follows: County Judge, six hundred 
 dollars. County Clerk, twelve hundred dollars, and two 
 hundred dollars additional for clerk hire and officeexpenses. 
 
 County Treasurer six hundred dollars. County Super- 
 intendent of Schools four hundred dollars. Sheriff, one 
 thousand dollar's and two hundred dollars additional com- 
 pensation for deputy sheriff. 
 
 Circuit Clerk, twelve hundred dollars and two hundred 
 dollars additional for clerk hire and office expenses. 
 
 EARLY ROADS. 
 
 Among the roads laid out in the territory of Brown county 
 while it was yet a part of Schuyler were the following : 
 
 A road from Willis O'Neal's (near Ripley) to Cornelius 
 Vandeventer's, surveyed in 1829 ; A road from the Narrows 
 (La Grange) to I<ong Point in Six's prairie ; A road from the 
 west line of the county, through Levin Green's settlement, 
 
 to Henly's mill on Crooked creek, surveyed in 1831 ; A 
 road from the south line of the county to Willis O'Neal's 
 (near Ripley;, laid out in 1832 ; A road from the Illinois 
 river, opposite Meredosia, to the state road in section six- 
 teen of township one south, range three west, surveyed in 
 1832; A state road from Beardstown to Quincy, passing 
 through Brown county, surveyed in 1833 ; A road from 
 sections one and twelve, township one south, range three 
 west, to section eleven, township one south, range two west, 
 surveyed in 1833 ; A road from Rushville to Atlas, passing 
 through Brown county, established in 1834. 
 
 A road frcum the bank of the Illinois river, opposite 
 Meredosia, to New York, surveyed 1831. An early road 
 was surveyed from the southwest corner of section thirty- 
 three, township two south, range two west, by way of the 
 Narrows (La Grange), on the Illinois river to Crooked creek, 
 and thence over to Rushville. A state road from the west 
 hank of the Illinois river, opposite Meredosia, by way of Mt. 
 Sterling, to the Adams county line, surveyed 1835. A road 
 from section twenty-two, township one south, range two west, 
 to section twenty-six, township one south, range three west- 
 A road from Mt. Sterling to the Adams county line. A road 
 from Mt. - Sterling to Rushville, surveyed December, 1835. 
 A road from Mt Sterling to the Pike county line, near. 
 White Oak Springs, September, 1836. A road from Mt, 
 Sterling to Henly's Mill. 
 
 MILL SEATS. 
 
 The earliest mill seats in what is now Brown County 
 were established by the Schuyler county commissioners' 
 court before the organization of this county. The first mill seat 
 authorized by the county commissioners of Brown county 
 was on the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of 
 section fifteen, township two south, range two west. Jesse 
 Lowder was authorized to build a dam four feet high, and 
 a race thirty-three feet wide, for said mill on the northwest 
 quarter of section sixteen, on the payment of 86.58 per acre 
 to the school commissioner for the benefit of said township, 
 for the land so occupied. 
 
 FIRST ELECTION PBECIHCT8. 
 
 The county commissioners, on the third day of June, 1839, 
 divided the county into four election precincts. No boun- 
 daries are given. The voting place is simply mentioned, 
 which in the first district was at the clerk's office in Mt. 
 Sterling ; in the second at the house of Benoni R. Parke ; 
 in the third at the house of Stephen Lets, in the town of 
 Versailles ; and in the fourth at the house of George Hack- 
 ett. In the first, or Mt. Sterling precinct, John Taylor, sen., 
 John Means, and Robert Trabue were appointed judges of 
 election ; in the second district, Ezekiel Rose, Joseph Cox 
 and James Orchard were appointed the judges ; Stephen D. 
 Hambaugh, George Lampkins and Miranda Stone were 
 made the judges in precinct number three ; and in the fourth 
 Samuel Gerrish, George Hackett and Benjamin Manell. 
 June, 1840, a fifth election precinct was formed. The voting 
 place was the public-school house in the town of Ripley. 
 The judges at the August election, 1840, were George Har- 
 per, William Taylor and Allen Alexander. On the fourth
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 131 
 
 of March, 1844, the county was divided into eight election 
 districts, or precincts, each precinct to be entitled to two 
 justices of the peace and two constables, and precinct number 
 four to be entitled, beside, to an additional justice. These 
 precincts were as follows : 
 
 Precinct No. 1. — Township one north, range three west. 
 Election at the house of Alexander Campbell. John C. 
 -Burns, James Harvey Bates and John Bell, judges. Pre- 
 cinct No. 2. — Township one north, range four west. Elec- 
 tions at the house of John Lomax. Conrad Long, Alfred 
 Wilgus and John Lomax, Judges. Precinct No. 3. — Town- 
 ship one south, range four west. Elections at the Maservey 
 school house. Judges, Nathaniel Cleaves, William Camp- 
 bell and William Lee. Precinct No. 4. — Township one 
 south, range three west. Elections at Mt. Sterling. Henry 
 P. Grover, Mitchel Kendrick and G. C. Robinson, judges. 
 Precinct No. 5. — Township one south, range two west, and 
 fractional township one north, range two west. Elections at 
 the house of John Emerich. Judges, J. J. Stites, B. ,F. 
 De Witt and B. K. Parke, judges. 
 
 Precinct No. 6. Township two south, range two west, 
 fractional township two south, range two west, and two miles 
 of the east side of township two south, range two west. 
 Elections in the town of Versailles. Judges John Briggs, 
 Sen., Alexander Sumney, and Henry Casteen. 
 
 Precinct No. 7. The eastern four miles of township two 
 south, range three west. Elections at the house of Samuel 
 Gerrish. Joshua P. Williams, Joseph Stoner, and Jacob 
 K. More, judges. 
 
 Precinct No. 8. Townships two south, range four west. 
 Elections at the bouse of Burrel Stintson. Judges,. John 
 Bullard, John W. VVardwell, and Elias Bixlir. 
 
 There seems to be no provision in this arrangement for 
 fractional township one south, range one west, which in- 
 cluded the town of La Grange. 
 
 When township organization was adopted, the county was 
 divided into townships, with names and boundaries, which 
 have since existed without change. 
 
 CIRCUIT COURTS. 
 
 The first circuit court of Brown county began its session at 
 Mt. Sterling on the sixth day of April, 1840. Peter Lott, 
 circuit judge of the Fifth Judical Circuit presided. The 
 prosecuting attorney was William Elliott; the clerk was 
 James M. Burt, and Elisha Davis, the sheriff in attendance. 
 The first grand jury was composed as follows: Benjamin 
 F. Hill, foreman, Eli Hartley, Henry Huffman, John Martin, 
 Samuel Wiuslow, John Bullard, W. H. Blanchett, Edmund 
 Perry, I. P. Ingraham, Thomas Davis, G. B. Orr, Luke 
 Perry, George W. Coffman, Stephen Harper, Mitchel Ken- 
 drick, Calvin Clark, Henry H. B. Sidener, Benjamin Perry, 
 and Philip Ausmus. 
 
 The venire of the -petit jurors returned into court by the 
 sheriff com prised the following persons: Keneth McCoy, 
 James Harper, H. Hersinau, Benjamin Adams, T.' S. 
 Adams, Joseph Fry, P. R. Keith, W. C Price, David 
 Six, Thomas B. Newby, N. B. Ballard, E. W. B. Newby, 
 J. M. Philips, J. H. McClary, John Curry, C H. Harney, 
 
 George I. Myres, Samuel Estis, Thomas Garrett, Stephenson 
 Erwin, and Abel Lark in. All answered to their names but 
 Thomas Garrett James Harper was excused from further 
 attendance. John Means, James W. Singleton, Harvey 
 Lester, Benjamin Kendrick, and William A. Gilman were 
 summoned from among the bystanders as additional jurors. 
 The first case before the court was, The People of the State 
 of Illinois vs. William Stapleton, Recognizance for the 
 Peace. 
 
 On hearing the evidence the recognizance was ordered to 
 be discharged, which was also done in a similar case against 
 Francis aud William Stapleton which came next on the 
 docket. The next two cases, one a recognizance to appear, 
 and the other a recognizance for the peace, and were stricken 
 from the docket on motion of the state's attorney. Forty- 
 three cases occupied the attention of the court at the first 
 day's session many of which were dismissed. On a number 
 judgment was rendered by default. 
 
 On the third day of the term, April eighth, the grand 
 jury came into court, and returned seventeen bills of indict- 
 ment. Four of these indictments were against one person for 
 selling liquor without license. There was one against C. 
 Sedwell for keeping open a tippling houseon theSabbath day, 
 and there were also indictments against Richard Kinneman 
 and William Reed for the same infringement of the law. 
 There were nine other indictments against various parties 
 for selling liquor without license. The only indictment of 
 the whole number not found for the unlawful selling of 
 liquor was the one against Strother Stapleton for an assault 
 with a deadly weapon. In each of the liquor cases a capias 
 was issued against the defendant, returnable to the next term 
 of court, and the defendant was admitted to bail in the sum 
 of one hundred dollars. In the indictment for assault with 
 a deadly weapon the defendant was admitted to bail in the 
 sum of five hundred dollars. 
 
 The first cause placed before a jury was that of Reuben 
 T Smith vs Abraham F. Pope, on the second day of the 
 term It was an appeal on an attachment. The following 
 is the entry on the record : Reuben T. Smith m Abraham 
 F. Pope, on appeal. 
 
 This day, came the parties by their attorneys, and the de- 
 fendant having filed an affidavit traversing the plaintiff's 
 original affidavit of attachment in the cause, upon which 
 traverse issue being joined the parties, for trial, put them- 
 selves upon the county, and thereupon came the jurors of a 
 jury to wit. John R. Curry, Beujamin Adams, George S. 
 Myers, William D. Price, David Six, Abel Larkin, Benja- 
 min Kendrick, John M. Phillips, Harvey Lester, Thomas W. 
 Newby, Samuel Estes and Stephen Irwin, who having been 
 sworn to well and truly try the issue joined, upon their oath 
 do say. " We of the jury find for the Defendant." " It is 
 therefore considered by the court that this suit abate, and 
 that the defendant recover of the said plaintiff his costs 
 about his suit on this behalf expended, as well in this court 
 as in the court below, and have execution, &c." 
 
 The next jury case was likewise an appeal on an attach- 
 ment against the same defendant, and like the previous case 
 was decided in his favor. In the next case, however, tried
 
 132 
 
 HIS TOR Y OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 before a jury, that of the People of the State of Illinois vt. 
 Michael Killion, on appeal, the defendant was found guilty, 
 and a fine of three dollars was assessed against him with the 
 costs of prosecution. 
 
 George W. P. Maxwell had been appointed clerk of the 
 circuit court in 1839 by James H. Ralston, then judge of the 
 fifth judicial circuit in which Brown county was included. 
 Judge Peter Lott, who succeeded Judge Ralston, on the 
 thirtieth of January, 1840, appointed James M. Burt as 
 circuit clerk, who filed a satisfactory bond and entered upon 
 the duties of the office. There was some misunderstanding 
 about the matter, and on the 9th of April, 1840, the court 
 issued a rule on James M. Burt to appear on the second day 
 of the next term of court and show cau-e why an informa- 
 tion in the nature of a quo warranto should not be filed against 
 him for usurping, intruding into, and unlawfully holding, 
 the office of clerk of the circuit court of Brown county. 
 
 Death put an end to these proceedings. When the case 
 of " The People of the State of Illinois, on the relation of 
 George W. P. Maxwell, vs. James M. Burt, a rule to 
 show cause why an information in the nature of a quo war- 
 ranto should not be filed," was reached at the September 
 term of court, 1840, the death of George W. P. Maxwell, 
 the relator, was suggested, and on motion of his attorney, 
 James H. Ralston, the court ordered the suit abated. 
 
 The first term of the circuit court lasted four days. The 
 second term was held in September, 1840, the same judge and 
 state's attorney in attendance. The court was also four 
 days in session at this term. Some of the defendants who 
 had been indicted at the previous term for the unlawful sel- 
 ling of liquor were found not guilty, and the prosecution of 
 several of the cases was abandoned by the state's attorney. 
 One of the defendants, Richard KinntmaD, plead guilty, 
 and was fined ten dollars and costs. William Reed, who 
 had been indicted for keeping open a tippling house on the 
 Sabbath day, plead not guilty. The jury disagreed and 
 were discharged without rendering a verdict. 
 
 The first terms of the circuit court were held in a build- 
 ing, then used as a Presbyterian church, which stood where 
 the chapel of the present Presbyterian church now stands. 
 It is now occupied as a carpenter shop by Louis Herbster. 
 The church building was fitted up with a bar, and especial 
 pains were taken by the officers of the court to prevent its 
 desecration by the whittling and marking of the benches 
 and walls. It was used till the first court-house was com- 
 pleted. The county paid the Presbyterian church society 
 a rent of fifty cents per day for its use. 
 
 At the third term of the circuit court, which convened on 
 the twelfth of April, 1841, Stephen A Douglas was on the 
 bench, and also presided afterward over several terms of the 
 circuit court. His name appears on the record, written in 
 a free and dashing hand, sometimes with one final " s" to 
 the " Dougla3," and sometimes two. April fourteenth, 
 1841, intelligence was received of the death of President 
 Harrison, which had occurred on the fourth of the month, 
 three days previous. Judge Douglas, on the motion of 
 Cyrus Walker, adjourned the court. The item conveying 
 the news was written on the back of a letter way bill, sent 
 from Columbus, Ohio, to Rushville. 
 
 FIRST NATURALIZATION. 
 
 On the second day's session of the first circuit court, held 
 after organization of the county, (April seventh, 1840), Jere- 
 miah Welsh, Michael Languen, John Mahoney, John Car- 
 ney, James Connor, and Matthew Cashman appeared before 
 the court. Welsh made application for naturalization papers. 
 The others made sworn declarations of their intention to be- 
 come citizens of the United States. The proceedings in the 
 case of Jeremiah Welsh, the first candidate for the honors 
 aud privileges of American citizenship, are given as they ap- 
 pear on the record : 
 
 " Be it remembered, that on this day, came Jeremiah 
 Welsh, and produced in court the following certificate of 
 his intention to become a citizen of the United States, to wit : 
 City of New York, M : 
 
 Be it remembered, that Jeremiah Welsh, late of the 
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, appeared in 
 the Marine court of the city of New York, held in the City 
 Hall of the said city, on the fifth day of November of the 
 year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty- 
 four, (the said court being a court of record, having common 
 law jurisdiction, and a clerk and seal), and declared on oath 
 in open court that it was bona fide his intention to become a 
 citizen of the United States, and to renounce forever all 
 allegiance and fidelity to any foreign Prince, Potentate, 
 State and Sovereignty whatsoever, and particularly to the 
 King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 
 
 In testimony whereof the seal of the said Marine court of 
 the city of New York is hereunto affixed, this 5th day of 
 November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight 
 hundred and thirty-four. 
 
 [seal.] John Bkarlever, Clerk. 
 
 Whereupon, Michael Languen was sworn as a witness in 
 behalf of the said Jeremiah Welsh, and deposes first to the 
 satisfaction of the court, that he has been acquainted with 
 the said Jeremiah Welsh for the space of four years last and 
 upwards, and that during the whole of said time he has con- 
 tinued to reside within the limits and under the jurisdiction 
 of the United States, and one year at least in the State of 
 Illinois, immediately preceding the date hereof, and that, as 
 far as his knowledge and observation extends, he has behaved 
 himself as a man of good moral character, and appears to 
 be attached to the principles contained in the Constitution 
 of the United States, and well disposed to the good order, 
 well being and happiness of the same. 
 
 Aud whereupDn the said Jeremiah Welsh took and sub- 
 scribed the following oath, to wit : 
 
 State of Illinois ) 
 Brown County j 
 
 I, Jeremiah Welsh, do solemnly swear in the presence of 
 Almighty God that I will support the constitution of the 
 United States, and that I do absolutely and entirely re- 
 nounce and abjure all allegiance and fealty to every foreign 
 prince, potentate, state and sovereignty whatever, and more 
 particularly the allegiance and fidelity which I in any wise
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 133 
 
 owe to Queen Victoria, the Queen of Great Britain and 
 Ireland, of which I was formerly a citizen or subject. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 His 
 
 Jeremiah X Welsh. 
 
 Mark. 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to in open court, April 7th, 1840. 
 
 James M. Bart, clerk. 
 
 It is therefore considered and ordered by the court that 
 the said Jeremiah Welsh be henceforth admitted to all and 
 singular the rights, privileges and immunities of a natural- 
 ized citizen of the United States, and the same be certified 
 accordingly 
 
 FIRST BILL FOR DIVORCE. 
 
 The first bill for divorce in the Brown county Circuit 
 Court was filed on the eighth of April, 1840, and came 
 before the court on the following day on a motion to allow 
 the coraplaiuant to prosecute her suit as a poor person. The 
 bill is as follows : 
 
 To the Hon. the Judge of the Brown County Circuit 
 Court in Chancery sitting. 
 
 Your petitioner, Jane Price, late Jane Ellis, humbly re- 
 presents to your honor that on or about the 5th day of April, 
 a. d. 1835, she was lawfully married to one Barnet Pain in 
 the County- of Schuyler and State of Illinois: That your 
 petitioner has continued to reside in said county of Schuyler 
 (now ceunty of Brown) ever since the time of said marriage • 
 That more than three years since said Barnet left your pe- 
 titioner without any just or reasonable cause whatsoever, and 
 ever since continued to live separate and apart from your 
 petitioner : Therefore for the reason that the said Barnet 
 has abandoned your petitioner for a period of more than 
 two years last past, your petitioner prays your honor that 
 by a decree of your honorable court the bonds of matrimony 
 now existing between your petitioner and said Barnet may 
 be for ever dissolved, and that your petitioner may be re- 
 stored to all things which she may have lost in consequence 
 of said marriage and as in duty bound, &c. Jane Pain. 
 
 These affidavits follow the bill : 
 
 jane pain 
 
 vs. 
 
 BARNET PAIN 
 
 Petition for di- 
 vorce. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 Hit 
 
 Jane X Pain. 
 
 Mark. 
 
 State of Illinois 
 
 Brown County 
 
 Jane Pain, petitioner in this case, on oath says that she 
 verily believes that said Barnet Pain is not an inhabitant of 
 this state ; that on due inquiry he cannot be found. 
 
 Jane Pain vs. Barnet Pain, petition for divorce. 
 
 The petitioner in this cause on oath says she is poor and 
 unable to pay the costs of prosecuting this, her petition. 
 Therefore she prays to be admitted to sue as a poor person. 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to in open court this 8th day of 
 April, 1840. J. M. Bart, Clerk. 
 
 The court granted the order permitting the complainant 
 to prosecute her suit as a poor person, and it was likewise 
 ordered that unless the defendant should personally appear 
 before the first day of the next term and answer the allega- 
 tions and charges contained in the said complainant's bill, 
 the same would be taken as confessed against him and the 
 matters thereof decreed accordingly. A copy of this order 
 was directed to be published in some public newspaper 
 printed in the state for four weeks successively, and the 
 cause continued till the next term of court. At the Sep- 
 tember term a continuance was granted to the next term, on 
 motion of the complainant. There seems to have been no 
 further disposition of the ease, and no divorce ever to have 
 been decreed. At least the records thenceforward are silent. 
 
 MURDER CASES. 
 
 For the first years after the organization of the county 
 the circuit court records are free from any mention of in- 
 dictments and trials for murder. 
 
 On the sixth of October, 1852, an indictment was returned 
 by the grand jury against Squire Weeks for the murder of 
 Shipton Orchard. The indictment is as follows : 
 
 1 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 Her 
 
 Jane X Pain 
 
 Mark. 
 
 STATE OF ILLINOIS 
 
 Brown County 
 
 Of the October term of the Brown Circuit Court in the 
 ye%r of our Lord, 185X 
 
 The grand jurors chosen, selected and sworn in and for 
 the county of Brown, in the name and by the authority of 
 the people of the state of Illinois upon their oaths present. 
 That Squire Weeks on the twenty-eighth day of August, in 
 the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty- 
 two, at and within the county of Brown and state of Illinois 
 aforesaid, with a certain bottle, in and upon one Shipton 
 Orchard in the peace of God and the people of the state of 
 Illinois, then and there being, then and there willfully, un- 
 lawfully, feloniously and of his malice aforesaid, did make an 
 assault, and then and there with said bottle, then and there 
 holding the same in his hand, did strike and beat in and 
 upon the head of said Shipton Orchard then and there being, 
 giving to said Shipton Orchard then and there by the 
 said striking and beating with the said bottle in and upon 
 the head of him the said Shipton Orchard one mortal frac- 
 ture and wound, the said Shipton Orchard from the said 
 twenty-eighth day of August aforesaid, until the first day of 
 September in the year aforesaid, at the county and state afore- 
 said did languish and languishing did live on, which said 
 first day of September aforesaid the said Shipton Orchard 
 at the county and state aforesaid, of the said mortal fracture 
 and wound died and so the jurors aforesaid upon their oaths 
 aforesaid do say that the said Squire Weeks the said Ship- 
 ton Orchard in a manner and form aforesaid wilfully, feloni- 
 ously, unlawfully and of his malice aforethought did kill 
 and murder contrary to the form and statute in such case
 
 134 
 
 HISTORY OF SCJIUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 made and provided and against the peace and dignity of the 
 same people of the State of Illinois. 
 
 R. S. Blackwell, 
 State's Attorney. 
 
 Weeks not being found on the eighth of October the case 
 was continued, a capias issued to Morgan county, and it was 
 directed that defendant should be held in bail in the sum of 
 five thousand dollars. At the April term, 1853, the cause 
 was again continued, and an alias eapias issued. At the 
 October term, 1853, the cause, on motion of the State's 
 attorney, was stricken from the docket with leave to reinstate 
 Weeks was never brought to trial, and this ending to the 
 tragedy was satisfactory to the people of the county. Or- 
 chard was a desperado, an offensive, dangerous character, 
 and it was generally thought that the community was well 
 rid of his presence. His death was the result of a drunken 
 brawl at La Grange. 
 
 At the April term, 1853, an indictment was found against 
 Green B. i^arrat for the murder of Francis Sarrat The 
 death of the latter resulted from being beaten and kicked, 
 while lying on the ground. The defendant was not found, 
 and was never brought to trial. 
 
 .At the April term, 1854. Jonathan W. Hutchinson was 
 indicted for the murder of Francis P. Wells. The latter 
 was killed by Hutchinson on Main street in the town of 
 Mt. Sterling. The two had a quarrel on the morning of 
 the day on which the killing occurred about some business 
 matters between them, and meeting later in the day Wells, 
 who was the larger man of the two, attacked Hutch- 
 inson and thiew him to the ground. Hutchinson while 
 on the ground drew a knife and stabbed Wells to the heart, 
 causing his immediate death. Hutchinson was a saddler 
 and harness-maker by occupation, a man of small stature, 
 and not generally regarded as courageous. After the quarrel 
 iu the morning, on beiDg told that Wells would whip him 
 at the fir&t opportunity, Hutchinson replied that he would 
 kill him if he attempted to do so, and, it is said, sharpened 
 a knife for that purpose. The same term at which he was 
 indicted the defendant was admitted to bail iu the sum of 
 fifteen hundred dollars, and his case continued to the Octo- 
 ber term. In October a change of renue.was granted to the 
 Pike county circuit court. The trial took place at Pittsfield- 
 The witnesses for the state were George Deryear, Harrison 
 A. Clark, William Putnam, Daniel Putnam, George W T . 
 Maltby, James W. Edwards, Caleb Smith and George W. 
 Curry. His attorneys argued the ground of self-defense on 
 which he was acquitted. 
 
 In December, 1858, the case of Daniel Haines, indicted 
 in the Schuyler county circuit court for the murder of 
 Aaron Ashbrook, by striking him on the head with a piece 
 of wood, on the twenty-fourth day of August, 1858, came 
 before the court on a change of venue. A continuance was 
 granted to the May term, 1859, when Haines was found 
 guilty of manslaughter, and was sentenced to eighteen 
 months' imprisonment in the penitentiary. 
 
 Henry Parish and Charles Riddle were indicted on the 
 twenty-third of May, 1860, for the murder of a man named 
 
 Clark. The latter was killed during a difficulty which oc- 
 curred at a dance at Cooperstown. Parish was never brought 
 to trial. At the same term of court Riddle was granted a 
 change of venue to McDonough county, and was there ac- 
 quitted. 
 
 At the November term, 1861, the grand jury returned an 
 indictment against Pleasant Redick for the murder of Thomas 
 Jackson. This was the first instance in the history of the 
 county of the defendant on an indictment for a murder com- 
 mitted within the limits of the county, being found guilty. 
 The indictment was as follows : 
 
 o., f Tii- ■ ^ Of the November term of the Brown 
 
 State of Illinois, f . . , 
 
 -a . Countv circuit court, in the vear of 
 
 Brown county, \ * 
 
 J ourLiord, lool. 
 
 The grand jurors, chosen, selected and sworn iu and 
 for the county of Brown, in the name and by the authority 
 of the people of the State of Illinois, upon their oaths pre- 
 sent : That Pleasant Redick, with force and arms, on the 
 fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thou- 
 sand eight hundred and sixty-one, at and within the County 
 of Brown and State of Illinois, in and upon one Thomas 
 Jackson, in the peace of God, and of the said people of the 
 State of Illinois, then and there being feloniously, wilfully, 
 and of his malice aforethought, did make an assault, and 
 that the said Pleasant Redick, with a certain knife of the 
 value of one dollar, which he. the said Pleasant Redick, in 
 his right hand had and held, him the said Thomas Jackson, 
 in and upon the left side of the breast of him, the said 
 Thomas Jackson, then and there feloniously, wilfully, and 
 of his malice aforethought, did strike and thrust, giving to 
 the said Thomas Jackson then and there, with the kuife 
 aforesaid, in and upon the said left side of the breast of him, 
 the said Thomas Jackson, one mortal wound of the breadth 
 of three inches, and of the depth of six inches, of which 
 said mortal wound the said Thomas Jackson did then and 
 there instantly die, and so the grand jurors aforesaid, upon 
 their oaths aforesaid, do say that the said Pleasant Redick 
 him the said Thomas Jackson, in maimer and form afore- 
 said, feloniously, wilfully, and of his malice aforethought, 
 did kill and murder, contrary to the form of the statute in 
 such case, made and provided and against the peace and 
 dignity of the same people of the State of Illinois. * * * * 
 
 T. E. Morgan, 
 State's Attorney, Fifth Judicial Circuit, Illinois. 
 
 This indictment was found on the seventh of November. 
 On the twelfth of the same month the defendant was found 
 guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to confinement in the 
 penitentiary for the term of his natural life. After serving 
 a few years he was pardoned. This murder took place at 
 La Grange. Redick was preparing to open a boarding-house 
 in that town, and the dispute between the two men was in 
 regard to a dance at Redick's house to which Jackson pro- 
 posed to bring some disreputable characters. Jackson, him- 
 self, was not a man of the best reputation, and on his going 
 up to a room in the second story, where Redick, with a
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 135 
 
 knife in his possession, was engaged in fixing a bed, and 
 making a threatening demonstration, Redick stabbed him 
 through the body with the knife. 
 
 The case of Richard West, indicted for murder, brought 
 to the Brown county circuit court on a change of venue, 
 was before the court at the May term, 18G2, but was continued 
 from term to term, and finally stricken from the docket. 
 
 Austin and Abraham Stevens, who were indicted in Pike 
 county in March, 1864, were tried in the circuit court of 
 Brown county in July, 1864, and found not guilty of the 
 murder of Lewis Nelson. 
 
 An indictment was brought against Robert Pile at the 
 November term, 1864, for the murder of John Murphy in 
 Pea Ridge township. The defendant was tried November, 
 1864, in the Brown county circuit court, and the jury dis- 
 agreed. A change of venue was then granted to Morgan 
 county. Pile, meanwhile, broke out of the Mt. Sterling 
 jail and escaped. He was re-arrested, convicted in Morgan 
 county, and sent to the penitentiary. 
 
 Samuel Evans and Matthew Gilmer were indicted in the 
 Pike county circuit court at the November term, 1864, for 
 the murder of Cornelius Myers. Samuel Evans was tried 
 in this county on a change of venue, and on the eighth of 
 April, 1865, was found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced 
 to an imprisonment of twenty years in the penitentiary. 
 
 At the March term, 1868, Squire Houston was indicted 
 for manslaughter, charged with the murder of John Pearce. 
 The killing happened about four miles southwest of Mt. 
 Sterling. The parties were about to engage in a fight, and 
 Pearce was in the act of taking off his coat, when Houston 
 struck him in the neck with his fist, breaking his neck, and 
 .killing him instantly.' Houston was tried at the March 
 term, 1869, found guilty and sentenced to a year's imprison- 
 ment in the penitentiary. It was so generally believed that 
 Houston, who was a quiet, peaceable man, deserved no pun- 
 ishment, that judge, state's attorney, jurors, and a number 
 of the best citizens of the county, united in a petition to the 
 governor, and he was pardoned before he had left Mt. 
 Sterling for the penitentiary. 
 
 Henry Reynolds, who had been indicted in' the Adams 
 county circuit court at the September term, 1868, for the 
 murder of Michael Kane, was tried before the circuit court 
 of Brown county at the September term, 1869, and was 
 acquitted. 
 
 One of the most exciting murder cases ever before the 
 circuit court was that at the September term, 1869, in which 
 Anthony Scheiner and Joseph Daul were charged with the 
 murder of Joseph Christian. All the parties lived in Mt. 
 Sterling. Christian, a butcher by occupation, was the prin- 
 cipal witness against Daul, the keeper of a restaurant and 
 boarding house, who had been arrested for the theft of a 
 pocket book containing a large sum of money. Early on 
 the morning of the twenty-first of August, 1869, Christian 
 was found dead in an alley, shot in the right side of the 
 head. There had been a circus in town the day before, with 
 the usual consequent tumult and excitement. The fact that 
 Christian was the principal witness against Daul in a crimi- 
 nal case caused suspicion to rest upon the latter as the per- 
 
 petrator of the deed. Scheiner had been seen running away 
 from the place of the tragedy, and this caused him to be 
 suspected as a party to the affair. A confession was ex- 
 torted from Scheiner, and on the eighteenth of September, 
 
 1869, both were indicted. A warm feeling existed against 
 the defendants among the people of Mt. Sterling and 
 vicinity, and threats of lynch law were freely made. The 
 board of supervisors appropriated three hundred dollars to 
 employ counsel to assist in the prosecution. At the same 
 term of court at which the indictments were found, a change 
 of venue was granted to Pike county, and there the defen- 
 dants were convicted and sentenced to fifteen years' impris- 
 onment in the penitentiary. Scheiner hung himself in his 
 cell after having served only a small portion of his term of 
 imprisonment. Daul was released by the governor before 
 the expiration of his term. 
 
 James R. Galyean, indicted at the December term, 1869, 
 of the Adams circuit court for the murder of John S. Rogers 
 on the tenth of October, 1869, was tried at Mt. Sterling 
 on the seventeenth of March, 1870, and sentenced to twenty- 
 five years' imprisonment in the penitentiary. 
 
 George W. De Witt was indicted at the September term, 
 
 1870, for the murder of Edward De Witt. A change of 
 venue to Morgan county was secured, and there the defen- 
 dant was found guilty, and sentenced to seven years' impri- 
 sonment. He was released before the expiration of his 
 term. 
 
 William H. Stout, who was indicted in the Pike county 
 circuit court for the murder of Thomas J. Kimball, was 
 tried on a change of venue at the September term, 1871, of 
 the Brown circuit court. He was convicted. His sentence 
 was twenty years' imprisonment in the penitentiary. 
 
 James Stinson was indicted at the March term, 1875, for 
 the murder of John Slegle. The defendant was never 
 brought to trial. 
 
 John B Atterberry, indicted for murder at the May term, 
 1876, of the circuit court of Adams county, for the murder 
 of William Rippen Crager, was tried at Mt, Sterling, Sep- 
 tember, 1876. The jury found him not guilt}' by reason of 
 insanity, from which he had not recovered, and recommend- 
 ed that he be sent to the insane asylum at Jacksonville till 
 his faculties should be restored. 
 
 The grand jury at the March term, 1878, found an indict- 
 ment against William Wesley Howard for the murder of 
 John Riggall He was convicted at the fall term, 1878, and 
 sentenced to ten years' imprisonment in the penitentiary 
 
 John Barker, at the February term, 1880, was indicted for 
 the killing of John Lear and Berry Hardy. A company of 
 men were engaged in shooting at a mark with a pistol at 
 Cooperstown, on the 7th of February, 1880, when Barker, 
 in the act of flourishing the pistol carelessly above his head, 
 accidentally shot one of the men who were standing a few 
 steps back of him. Raising the pistol again, it was a second 
 time discharged and the other man was killed in exactly the 
 same manner as the first had been, receiving his wound in 
 precisely the same part of the body. Barker was under the 
 influence of liquor at the time. He was tried at the fall 
 erm of the circuit court, 1880, and was acquitted.
 
 136 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 At the April term, 1845, Alexander Orr was iudicted for 
 giving a challenge to fight a duel. The case was continued 
 from term to term till September, 1846, when a nolle prose- 
 qui was entered. 
 
 JUDGES OF THE CIRCUIT COURT. 
 
 The first term of the circuit court of Brown county was 
 presided over by Peter Lott, judge of the Fifth Judicial 
 circuit. He was also the judge at the second term held in 
 September, 1840. At the April term, 1841, Stephen A. 
 Douglas was on the bench, and also held the terms of court 
 in September, 1841, April, 1842, September, 1842, and 
 April, 1843. Jesse B Thomas was on the bench at the Sep- 
 tember term, 1843, and the April and September term, 1844 
 Richard M. Young presided at the April term, 1845. At 
 the September term, 1845, Norman H. Purple took his place on 
 the bench. He was the judge at all the terms in the years 
 1846, 1847, 1848. At the April term, 1849, William A. 
 Minshall was judge. He presided at every term of court 
 held in Brown county during the years 1849, 1850, 1851, 
 and 18. r »2. 
 
 Pinckney H. Walker held the terms of court during the 
 years 1853 1854, 1855, 1856,andl857, with the exception of 
 the October term, 1854, during which O. C. Skinner was on 
 the bench. The April terra, 1858, was held by J. Sibley. 
 At the September term, 1858, John S. Bailey, who had for 
 some years filled the office of state's attorney, came on the 
 bench. He held the terms of court till 1861, presiding for 
 the last time at the May term of that year. Chauncey L 
 Higbee began his judicial career in Brown county at the 
 November term, 1861, and was present as presiding officer at 
 every term of court from that time till the close of the year, 
 1877. Beginning with the March term, 1873, Simeon P. 
 Shope has presided at the terms of the circuit court since held 
 in Brown county, with the exception of the March term, 
 1879, when Horatio M. Vandeveer was on the bench. 
 
 Brown county is now included in the Sixth Judicial Cir 
 cuit, of which the ihree judges are Chauray L. Higbee. 
 Simeon P. Shope, and John H. Williams. 
 
 PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS. 
 
 William Elliott appeared as state's attorney at the April 
 term of the circuit court, 1840, and filled that position also 
 at the September term, 1840, and the two terms in the year 
 1841. At the April term, 1842, in the absence of Elliott, 
 James H. Ralston was appointed state's attorney pro tempore. 
 William Elliott was afterward present as the prosecuting 
 officer of the court till the April terra, 1844, when John S. 
 Bailey was appointed state's attorney pro tern. Elliott ap- 
 peared at the September term, 1844, but in his absence at 
 the April term, 1845, James H. Ralston was appointed to 
 act in his place. At the September term, 1845, Jonathan 
 H. Smith was appointed to represent the state's attorney ; 
 at the April term, 1846, A. Jonas ; and at the September 
 term, 1846, John S. Bailey. William Elliott served as 
 state's attorney at the terms of court in the years 1847 and 
 1848. 
 
 At the April term, 1849, Robert S. Blackwell entered on 
 
 the duties of the state's attorney's office, and was present in 
 his official capacity at every term of court up to, an i in- 
 cluding, the October term, 1852. He was succeeded by 
 John S. Bailey, who was the representative of the state at 
 nine terms of court, commencing with the April term, 1853, 
 and ending with the September term, 1857. In his 
 absence at the April term, _1858, Carter Van Vleck, 
 of McDonough county, was appointed states' attorney pro 
 tern. L. H. Waters was the next state's attorney. He 
 began his service with the September term, 1858, and ended 
 it with the November term, 1860. At the May term, 1859, 
 Carter Van Vleck was state's attorney pro tern From the 
 May term, 1861, to the May terra, 186 7 , inclusive, Thomas 
 E. Morgan was the prosecuting attorney, representing the 
 state at each term of court except at the November term, 
 1863, when William L. Vandeventer acted as state's attorney. 
 The state at the September term, 1867, was represented by 
 L. H. Waters, who was also the prosecuting attorney at 
 each of the terms in 1867 and 1868. From the March term, 
 1869, to the March term, 1872, inclusive, Lawrence W. 
 James was state's attorney, though John S. Bailey acted in 
 his place at the March term, 1871. At the September term, 
 1872, William H. Barnes was state's attorney pro tern. 
 Joseph M. Lowry served from the March term, 1873, to 
 the March term, 1875, inclusive. John S. Bailey was the 
 acting state's attorney at the September term, 1875. At 
 the March term, 1876, John J. Teefey appeared as state's 
 attorney, and has discharged the duties of that position at 
 each subseqent term of the circuit court. 
 
 PROBATE COURT. 
 
 The first session of the probate court of Brown county 
 was held at Mt. Sterling on the tenth day of July, 1839, 
 Daniel R Lucas was the probate justice of the peace before 
 whom the court was held. The first action taken by the 
 court was the appointment of James W. Singleton as 
 guardian for Henry D. Lafayette Cossett. The next was 
 the appointment of administrators on the estate of the late 
 Francis W. Simpson, which was done in the following 
 record : 
 
 " It appearing to the satisfaction of the court of probate, 
 that Francis W. Simpson, late of the county of Brown, 
 and state of Illinois, died on or about the 13th day of June, 
 A.r>. 1839, and that his widow having relinquished her right 
 of administration on the said estate of her husband, Francis 
 W. Simpson, and desired that F. Miller and James R. Simp- 
 son of the county of McDonough and state of Illinois should 
 administer on said Simpson's estate, ordered that F. Miller 
 and James R. Simpson be and are hereby appointed ad- 
 ministrators, which appointment is as follows : 
 
 State of Illinois, / 
 Brown county, \ 
 
 The people of the State of Illinois to all whom these pre- 
 sents shall come Greeting. 
 
 Know ye that whereas Francis W. Simpson of the 
 county of Brown and the state of Illinois, died intestate, 
 as it is said on or about the 15th day of June, a. d., 1839, 
 having at the time of his decease personal property
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 L37 
 
 in this state which may be lost, destroyed or diminished in 
 value if speedy care be not taken of the same, to the end 
 therefore, that said property may be collected and preserved 
 for those who shall appear to have a legal right or interest 
 therein. We do hereby appoint Robert F. Miller aud 
 James R. Simpson of the county of McDonough and state 
 of Illinois administrators of all and singular, the goods and 
 chattels, rights and credits, which were of the said Francis 
 W. Simpson at the time of his decease, with full power and 
 authority to secure and collect the said property and debts 
 wheresoever the same may be found in the state and in general , 
 to do and perform all other acts which now are, or hereafter 
 may be required of them by law. Witness Daniel R. 
 Lucas, Probate Justice of the Peace, in and for said county 
 of Brown, at his office in Mt. Sterling this 10th day of 
 July, a. d. 1838, (signed) Daniel R. Lucas, P. J. P. 
 
 Then follows the oath of the administrators appointed, 
 Miller and Simpson, and their bond in the sum of eight 
 thousand dollars with William Taylor and Sterling C. 
 Simpson, sureties. On the same day Benoni R. Parke, 
 William Taylor and Robert Henry were appointed apprais- 
 ers of the personal estate of the late Francis W. Simpson, 
 and took the requisite oath, that they would " well and truly, 
 without partiality or prejudice, value and appraise the goods, 
 chattels, and personal property " of the deceased, and in all 
 respects perform their duty as appraisers to the best of their 
 skill and judgment. 
 
 Simpson must have been a man of considerable means for 
 that day. He was a merchant, and carried on a store at 
 La Grange. His personal estate was appraised at $3,956 67, 
 and he owned a large amount of land. There are one hun- 
 dred and twenty-three items in the appraisement list. We 
 quote a few of them, with the values found by the appraisers, 
 to show the prices prevalent in those days : 
 
 Shot gun and apparatus §-5.00 
 
 Cook stove and furniture 45.00 
 
 Eight split-bottom and five Windsor chairs 10.25 
 
 Large dining table and square do 11.00 
 
 Set China ware 4.50 
 
 Large gilt looking-glass and tea board 4.25 
 
 Four brass candle sticks, tea board and two paintings .... 8.00 
 
 Lot of books 2.50 
 
 High post bedstead, bed and furniture 42.00 
 
 Small bed, bolster, and two saddles 12.50 
 
 Eighteen stands of bees 45.00 
 
 Log chain, ox chain and grub hoe 11.00 
 
 Buggy and harness 90.00 
 
 Two horse wagon and breast chains 85.00 
 
 Seven acres standing corn 49.00 
 
 Gray horse and blaze face sorrel mare 155.00 
 
 Light sorrel mare • 85.00 
 
 Spotted cow 15.00 
 
 Brindle cow and calf 20.00 
 
 Yearling heifer 5.00 
 
 Cro?s cut saw 6.00 
 
 The appraisers enumerate the articles belonging to the 
 stock of merchandise. Among a lot of muslins, silks, linens, 
 shirts and vesting are put down as worth two hundred dol- 
 lars. Hardware at 8376.50. Snuff and toothwash at 811.50. 
 18 
 
 Medicines at $25.00. Queensware at $15.00. A lot of sul- 
 phur at one dollar, and a quantity of magnesia at fifty cents. 
 Three-quarters of a box of tea at seven dollars. A barrel of 
 Malaga wine at $25.00. 4 82 pounds of sugar at $342.56. 
 128 pounds of loaf sugar at $24.32. Box of raisins at two 
 dollars. 3399 pounds of coffee at $543.84, and seven pounds 
 of indigo at $10.50. 
 
 At the sale of the effects of the estate, which took place at 
 La Grange, on the sixth and seventh days of August, 1839, 
 there was some variation in the prices from the values as set 
 by the appraisers. The shot gun and apparatus brought 
 $2.62 J. A cask of honey brought $2.25. The Windsor and 
 split-bottomed chairs produced $10 31. The set of china 
 ware $3.87 i. The large looking-glass three dollars. The 
 two paintings thirty-one cents. The stands of bees about 
 two dollars each. The buggy and harness one hundred dol- 
 lars, ten dollars more than the appraisement- The cow and 
 calf $17.12. The spotted cow $16.50. The heifer calf 
 $5.13. The seven acres of corn $48.25, and one wagon and 
 two horses one hundred dollars. The stock of goods in the 
 store was sold at private sale for two thousand dollars. 
 
 Property was set apart to the widow to the amount of four 
 hundred dollars. After making this allowance, the admin- 
 istrators report cash on hand amounting to $172 31. Their 
 other assets are acounted for as follows : 
 
 Notes on hand . $3762 374 
 
 County orders • 160.00 
 
 Officers' receipts 2350.19 
 
 Accounts unsettled 860.94 
 
 $7133.50 
 
 The notes were one hundred and thirty in number, and 
 for amounts ranging from fifty cents to one hundred and 
 fifty dollars. Of these twenty-one are marked " doubtful," 
 and an equal number marked " desperate." A large num- 
 ber of notes and accounts were beside in the hands of collec- 
 ting officers, nearly one half of which were marked as in a 
 doubtful or desperate condition. Book accounts to the 
 amount of $668.03 remained unsettled in McDonough county, 
 where the deceased had evidently been previously engaged 
 in business. About one half of these were marked bad. In 
 Brown county there was $863.04* on unsettled book account, 
 only about seventeen dollars of which was marked as likely 
 not to be collected. 
 
 There was found belonging to Simpson in McDonough 
 county about eighteen hundred acres of land, beside real 
 estate in Brown and Fulton counties. 
 
 On the 17th of September, 1839, it appearing to the satis- 
 faction of the court that Eliza Jane. B. Kendrick and Daniel 
 Albert Kendrick, minor children of Mitchell Kendrick, were 
 entitled to personal estate not derived from their father, a 
 guardian in the person of Mitchell Kendrick, their father, 
 was appointed. On the same day, in a subsequent order, 
 the same person was appointed guardian for George W., 
 William Henry, Wineford Ann and Benjamin F., other 
 minor children of Mitchell Kendrick. 
 
 The next estate which came under the jurisdiction of the
 
 138 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS, 
 
 probate court was that of Thomas C. Tinnen, who died in- 
 testate on the 4th of September, 1839. The widow having 
 relinquished her right of administration, Hugh Tinnen, on 
 the 28th of September, 1839, was appointed administrator. 
 John Price, Mitchell Kendrick, and Joseph M. Phillips, ap- 
 praised the estate at 6603.37. The most valuable articles 
 were the horses and cattle. At the sale twenty- five bushels 
 of corn sold for $10.50; four sheep of the first choice, $9.12 ; 
 four sheep, second choice, $8.50 ; an old white and black cow, 
 $10.25 ; a brown cow, $15.00 ; two first choice hogs, $13,00; 
 a gray filly, $45.25, and a bay colt, $20.75 The sale footed 
 up $374.22. Tinnen was the owner of one hundred and 
 sixty acres of land in township one south, range three west. 
 
 The third estate before the probate court was that of Wil- 
 liam Thompson, who died on the 15th of September, 1839. 
 John A. Thompson ol Schuyler county and David C. Long 
 of Brown county were appointed administrators. His per- 
 sonal property was appraised at $219.25. The articles sold 
 on the 4th of January, 1840, brought $161.38. He was not 
 the owner of a horse. The stock on his farm was made up of 
 two cows and two calves, six sheep, and a lot of hogs. He 
 had two bedsteads, three beds with bedding, and four chairs. 
 He must have been something of a hunter, for while his per- 
 sonal effects were meagre, two rifle guns were appraised at 
 thirty dollars, one seventh of his whole wealth. One of these 
 rifles brought at the sale twenty dollars. 
 
 On the 30th of May, 1840, the court issued letters of 
 administration on the estate of George W. P. Maxwell, the 
 first circuit clerk of Brown county, who had recently died 
 intestate, to his widow, Rosa Bell Maxwell. She gave bond 
 on which Robert Dawson and Samuel H. Richey were secu- 
 rities. A sale of the personal estate was made on the 22d 
 of June, 1840. Among the articles sold were a number of 
 books. A two volume edition of Shakespeare brought two 
 dollars, and a set of Blackstone's Commentaries $5.75. 
 Joseph us sold at $5.50, and Bunyau at $3.00. A copy of 
 "Military Tactics" brought only sixty-two cents, a circum- 
 stance which, perhaps, shows that the tastes of those early 
 readers lay rather in the direction- of law and solid literature 
 than war. 
 
 FIRST WILL ON RECORD. 
 
 The first will on the records of the Probate Court is that 
 of Robert Sharon. It is as follows: 
 
 " I, Robert Sharon, of the County of Brown and State of 
 Illinois do make and publish this my last will and testament 
 in manner and form following, that is to say — First, it is my 
 will that my funeral expenses and all my just debts be fully 
 paid— Second, I give, devise and bequeath to my beloved 
 wife Nancy in lieu of her dower the farm on which we now 
 reside, situated in the County of Brown and State of Illinois, 
 and being the West half of the S. E. quarter and East half, 
 of the S. W. quarter of Section twelve in Township one 
 South of Range No. Three West, containing about one 
 hundred and sixty acres during the time from my death till 
 my second son, Ira Sharon, becomes twenty-one years of age, 
 and the East half of the S. W. quarter, Section twelve, 
 1 S. R. 3 W. during her natural life and all the household 
 and kitchen furniture, beds, bedding, &c, ox cart and choice 
 
 yoke of oxen, four choice calves, twelve head of choice 
 sheep, my two mares, all the hogs on the place, all my bees 
 and grindstone during her life or wid >whood, and in case 
 she should marry and if the personal property hereby de- 
 vised or bequeathed to her as aforesaid be unexpended, is 
 then to go to my children except one bed and bedding which 
 she is then to return. — Second, I desire that all the property 
 not herein mentioned to be sold and the money to be laid 
 out in land by the Executors to the best advantage for the 
 use of my children as they become twenty-one years of age, 
 and the land if not situated so as to be divided the oldest 
 may take the laud and pay the others for their part in 
 money as they become twenty-one years of age, together 
 with lawful interest from the time the laud may be valued 
 to him, her, or them, and the West half of the S. E. quarter 
 of Section twelve, 1 S. 3 W. when my son Ira becomes of 
 age to be divided, or one of them take it and pay the others 
 their part together with interest thereon, and at the death of 
 my said wife Nancy the East half of the S. W. quarter of 
 Section twelve, T. 1 S. R. 3 W. to be divided equally among 
 my children, or if one of them will take it and pay the 
 others their part in money with interest, they can do so and 
 a final settlement all my children to have an equal share of 
 my estate, and lastly, I constitute and appoint, George Har- 
 per to be the executor of this my last will aud testament, 
 revoking and annulling all others and ratifying and con- 
 firming this and no other to be my last will and testament. 
 In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and 
 seal, this seventeenth day of February, one thousand eight 
 hundred and forty. 
 
 (Signed) Robert Sharon, L. S. 
 
 Signed, published and delivered by the above named 
 Robert Sharon as and for his last will and testament, in 
 presence of us who at his request, have signed and witnessed 
 to the same. 
 
 Jonathan Dearborn. 
 Philip A. House 
 Ransom Kendrick. 
 
 judges of the probate court. 
 Before the adoption of the constitution of 1848 an officer 
 called a probate justice of the peace was elected who held 
 jurisdiction of probate matters. The first probate justice of 
 the peace in the county was Daniel R. Lucas. He served 
 only a few months. He was succeeded by S. H. B. Clarkson 
 who held the first session of his court in September, 1839. 
 He was followed by Edward W. B. Newby, who was probate 
 justice of the peace from 1841 to 1847. Lewis Brockman 
 filled the office from 1847 to 1849. By the constitution of 
 1848 the county judge was given charge of matters of pro- 
 bate. Accordingly since 1849, the county judge, first Sam- 
 uel S. Black and then his successors, have had jurisdiction 
 of probate business. 
 
 EARLY LAND CONVEYANCES. 
 
 The first conveyance of land in what is now Brown county 
 was made in the year 1817 when Madison county extended
 
 HISTORY OE SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 139 
 
 to this part of the state. The deed was recorded at Ed- 
 wardsville, and is as follows : 
 
 " This indenture made this thirty-first day of December, 
 in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and 
 seventeen, between Francis David of New London at present 
 of the city of New York, of the first part and Samuel Beman 
 of the said city of New York, of the second part. Whereas 
 the United States of America have granted to the said party 
 of the first part certain Letters Patent in the words and 
 figures following, to wit : 
 
 James Monroe, President of the United States of America. 
 
 " To all to whom these presents shall come, Greeting 
 Know Ye that in pursuance to the acts of Congress, appro- 
 priating and granting land to the late army of the United 
 States, passed on and since the sixth day of May, 1812. 
 Francis David having deposited in the general Land Office a 
 warrant in his favor numbered three thousand two hundred 
 and five, there is granted unto the said Francis David, late a 
 private in McKean's company of the corps of artillery, a 
 certain tract of land, containing one hundred and sixty 
 acres, being northeast quarter of section thirty-five, of town- 
 ship two south, in range four west, in the tract appropriated 
 by the Acts aforesaid for military bounties in the territory 
 of Illinois, to have and to hold the said quarter section of 
 land, with the appurtenances thereof, unto the said Francis 
 David, and unto his heirs and assigns forever. In testimony 
 whereof I have caused these letters to be made patent, and 
 the seal of the General Land Office to be hereunto affixed." 
 
 Given under my hand at the city of Washington this four- 
 teenth day of October in the year of our Lord, one thousand 
 eight hundred and seventeen, and of the Independence of 
 the United States of America, the forty-second. 
 
 (signed) By the President. 
 
 James Monroe. 
 
 En'd. Vol. 3, p. 101, D. King. 
 
 Josiah Meigs, Commissioner of the General Land Office. 
 
 Now, This Indenture Witnesseth that the said party of the 
 first part, for and in consideration of ninety five dollars of 
 lawful money of the United States of America, to him in 
 hand paid at or before the ensealing and delivery of these 
 presents by the said party of the second part, the receipt 
 whereof is hereby acknowledged ; and the said party of the 
 second part, his heirs, executors, and administrators, forever 
 released and discharged from the same by these presents, 
 have granted, bargained, sold, aliened, remised, re- 
 leased, conveyed and confirmed, and by these presents 
 do grant, bargain, sell, alien, remise, release, convey 
 and confirm unto the said party of the second part, and 
 to his heirs and assigns forever, all the said tract of land 
 granted in and by the said patent to the said party of the 
 first part, situate and containing the number of acres as in 
 the said patent is described, together with all and singular 
 the tenements, hereditaments and appurtenances whatso- 
 ever wise appertaining or belonging, and the reversion and 
 
 the reversions, remainder and remainders, rents, issues and 
 profits thereof, and also all the estate right, title, interest, 
 property, possession, claim and demand whatsoever, as well 
 in law as in equity, of the said party of the first part, of, 
 in, or to the same, and every part and parcel thereof, with 
 the appurtenances. To have and to hold the above granted, 
 bargained and described premises, with the appurtenances, 
 unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, 
 to his and their own proper use and behoof forever ; and the 
 said party of the first part, for himself, his heirs, executors 
 and administrators, doth covenant, grant, promise and agree 
 to and with the said party of the second part, his heirs and 
 assigns, that he the said party of the first part, at the time 
 of the sealing and delivery of these presents, is lawfully 
 seized in his own right of a good, absolute and indefeasible 
 estate of inheritance in fee simple of, in. and to all and sin- 
 gular the above granted, bargained and described premises, 
 with the appurtenances, and hath good right, full power and 
 lawful authority to grant, bargain, sell and convey the same 
 in manner and form aforesaid ; and that the said party of 
 the second part, his heirs and assigns, shall and may at all 
 times hereafter peaceably and quietly have, hold, use, oc- 
 cupy, possess and enjoy the above granted premises and 
 every part thereof, with the appurtenances, without any let, 
 suit, molestation, eviction or disturbance of the said party 
 of the first part, his heirs or assigns, or of any other person 
 or persons, lawfully claimed, or to claim the same ; and 
 that the same now are free, clear, discharged and unincum- 
 bered of and from all former and other grants, titles, 
 charges, estates, judgments, taxes, assessments, dower, right 
 of dower, and unincumbered of whatsoever nature, kind so- 
 ever ; and also that the said party of the first part and his 
 heirs, all and every other person or persons whomsoever 
 lawfully or equitably deriving any estate, right, title or in- 
 terest of, in, or to the hereinbefore granted premises, by, 
 from, under, or in trust for them or either of them, shall 
 and will at any time or times hereafter, upon the reasonable 
 request and at the proper cost and charges in the law of the 
 said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, make, 
 do, and execute, or cause or procure to be made, done and 
 executed all and every such further and other lawful and 
 reasonable acts, conveyances and assurances in the law for 
 the better and more effectually vesting and confirming the 
 premises hereby intended to be granted in and unto the said 
 party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever, or by 
 the said party of the second part, his heirs or assigns, or his 
 or their counsel learned in the law, shall be reasonably de- 
 vised, advised or required ; and the said party of the first 
 part and his heirs, the above described and hereby granted 
 and released premises, and every part thereof, with the ap- 
 purtenances, unto the said party of the second part, his 
 heirs and assigns, against the said party of the first part, his 
 heirs, and against all persons whomsoever lawfully claiming 
 or to claim the same, shall and will warrant, and by these 
 presents forever defend. 
 
 In witness whereof, the party of the first to these presents 
 has hereunto set his hand and seal the day and year first 
 above written.
 
 140 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Sealed and delivered in the presence of William Berrian 
 and John Holt. 
 
 His 
 
 (Signed)* Francis X David. 
 
 Mark. 
 
 [8EAL.] 
 
 Received on the day of the date of the above indenture 
 the sum of ninety-five dollars therein mentioned, being the 
 consideration money in full. 
 
 His 
 
 Francis X David. 
 
 Mark. 
 
 United States of America, 
 State of New York. 
 
 ss: 
 
 On this thirty-first day of December, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, before me 
 came the within-named Francis David and I, being satisfied 
 by the oath of John Holt, of Xew London, in the State of 
 Connecticut, Fisherman, that the said Francis David is the 
 identical person named and described in, and also executed 
 the within deed, and the said Francis David after having 
 the contents thereof proper and satisfactorily explained to 
 him acknowledged that he executed the same for the pur- 
 poses therein mentioned, there being therein no material 
 erasures or interlineations, I allow the same to be recorded." 
 Wm. Kase, Master in Chaticery. 
 
 Recorded May 27th, 1818, in Book D, p. 42, 43, 44 and 
 45, Edwardsville, Illinois. 
 
 The following conveyance is the first made and recorded 
 after organization of Brown county : 
 
 " Know all men by these presents, that we, William Por- 
 ter, William Buchanan, and Polly, his wife, of the county of 
 Brown, and State of Illinois, for and in consideration of the 
 sum of two hundred and twenty-eight dollars, lawful money 
 of the United States, to us paid in hand by Henry Chesel- 
 dine, of the county of Brown, and State of Illinois, the re- 
 ceipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, 
 bargained and sold, and by these presents doth grant, 
 bargain, and sell, and convey unto the said Henry Chesel- 
 dine, his heirs and assigns forever, the following described 
 tract of land, situated, lying, and being in the county of 
 Brown, and State of Illinois, and being one lot in the town 
 of Mount Sterling, and known and designated on the plat of 
 the original town as lot No. forty-one (41), fronting on Main 
 street sixty feet, and running back one hundred and twenty 
 feet to an alley, together with all and singular the privileges 
 and appurtenances thereunto belonging, or in any wise ap- 
 pertaining, to have and to hold the same tract of land with 
 the appurtenances unto the said Henry Cheseldine, his heirs 
 and assigns forever, and the said William Porter, William 
 Buchanan, and Polly, his wife, for themselves, their heirs, 
 executors and administrators, do covenant with the said 
 Henry Cheseldine, his heirs and assigns, that they will for- 
 ever warrant and defend the title of said premises against 
 all lawful claims whatsoever. 
 
 In witness whereof, the said William Porter, William 
 
 Buchanan, and Polly Buchanan, have hereunto set their 
 hands and seals this 13th day of May, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine. 
 
 William Porter, [seal.] 
 William Buchanan, [seal.] 
 
 Her 
 
 Polly X Buchanan, [seal.] 
 
 Mark. 
 
 This conveyance was duly acknowledged before Robert 
 N. Curry, justice of the peace, on the 14th day of May, 1839. 
 
 EARLY MARRIAGES. 
 
 The following is the list of the first one hundred marriage 
 licenses issued after the organization of the county. 
 
 No. Date of License. 
 
 1 May 16, 1839 . . 
 
 2 May -21, 1839 . . 
 
 3 May 21 ,1839. . 
 
 4 May 23, 1839 . . 
 
 5 May 25,1837. . 
 
 6 Jane 3, 1839 . . 
 
 8 Jane 6, 1839 . . 
 
 9 Jane 6, 1839 . . 
 in Jaly 25, 1839 . . 
 
 11 Aug. 8, 1839 . . 
 
 12 Sept 7, 1839 . . 
 
 13 Sept 11, 1839. . 
 
 12 October 11, 1839 
 
 13 Oct. 12, 1839 . . 
 
 14 Oct. 16, 1839 . . 
 
 15 Oct. 17, 1839 . . 
 
 16 Xov. 6, 1839 . . 
 
 17 Xot. 9, 1839 . . 
 
 18 Dec. 16, 1839 . . 
 
 19 Dec.23,1839. . 
 
 20 Dec.25,1839. . 
 
 21 Dec. 31, 1839. . 
 
 22 Jan. 8, 1840 . . 
 
 23 Jan. 14, 1840 . . 
 
 24 Jan. 14, 1840 . . 
 
 25 Jan. 23, 1840 . . 
 
 26 Feb. 7, 1840 . . 
 
 27 Feb. 10, 1840;. . 
 
 28 Feb. 15, 1840. . 
 
 29 Feb. 17, 1840. . 
 
 30 Feb. 21. 1840 . . 
 
 31 March 4,1840 . 
 32 
 
 33 March 23, 1840 . 
 
 34 March 26, 1840 . 
 
 35 March 31, 1840. 
 
 36 April 2,1840. . 
 
 37 April 7, 1840. . 
 
 38 April 14, 1840. . 
 
 39 April 30, 1840. . 
 
 Parties. By Whom Married Date, 
 
 r^n^jtn^s "i** R - «• <*"* J - P - ■ ■ «V H !«• 
 
 BSE &£""•. to ™* l«* J - p - ■ M »y I". 183 »" 
 
 M°aV" g . " D"id K»* '■ * ■ ** »• ««■ 
 r^ n c e D F eW h itt r,OEm " E1 «a h Bell, Elder . May 26, 1839. 
 Edward Fenwick to „__.„ „,„„. T D M ._ .*. ,~~ 
 Nancy Briggs .... Erastas Stone, J. P. May 26, 1839. 
 
 Absalom Garrish to w — . ... Xf n , - ,„_ 
 
 Harriet Garrish . . . w - Echols, M. G. Jane 6, 1839. 
 
 Hiram Koil to Nancv D .- — . „ T „ r .._. <. t,™, 
 McCurdy . R >• Curry, J. P . . June 6,1839. 
 
 Henrv Jtichev to Eli- D .. ~ T D T ««« ■ iom 
 
 labeth Sparks . . . . R - N CurrT - *• * • ■ June 6 . 1839 - 
 
 ^FrancS inDey T.Weir,M.G.-. . . Aug. 1,1839. 
 
 SEE EX. f i- w - D -"*> M - G • *«» »■"». 
 
 SSfiS Glenf. * **«. * Curry,.J. P. Sept. 12,1839. 
 %&t S ,OE,i -*-.Weir, M. G. . . Sept 13,1839. 
 Margaret %${??. ? Hervey Lester, J. P. Oct 13, 1839. 
 ^nesVnetaTgdo'S Elijah Bell. Elder. Oct 17, 1839. 
 
 Michael Hersman to T TO n____i u r> f\~i ,-, n*m 
 
 MaryHulett L. W. Danlap, M.G.Oct 1,, 1839. 
 
 Evan J. Deakins to „ v . — T „ „_, ._ 1ral 
 
 Mary Jane Higgins . K. N. Curry, J. P.. Oct 1..1839, 
 
 fa > mz»"Lee DWat * rS '° GranVle Bond M. G. Nov. 7, 1839. 
 »v Tnn IS GranVIe Bond M. G. Nov. 12, 1839. 
 fe^ES ." <*™tT. Bond M.G. Dec. 19, 1839. 
 R u rGtenn ng,e9 . * '■ Wor, Jr.. M. G. Dec 24, 1839. 
 MaThf An"' GrU,y te R *• McCoy M. G. . Dec. 25, 1839. 
 KAvThb TodT. . ,0 H- Persinger, J. P. . Dec 31, 1839. 
 23? iSX* Ab !" «* W " Dn »'»P- M - «• '»• •• 1"°" 
 ly U B^lf inMntOP<>1 " H.Caugheno«erJ.P. Jan. 16,1840. 
 (m€1^ ? t ° X ' 9e " H Pe™i-ger, J. P. . Jan. 14, 1840. 
 JohnW. Reid to Mar- «„_„.. n„„. ., r -_ „ 1(u/ , 
 garet Brown Gr*nv le Bond, M. G. Jan. 23,1840. 
 
 Elihu S. Kiuman to ,*,.•;„,, u^n na— c.i. n ,-,. 
 Man- Jane Evans . . EI, J» h Bell > E,der ' ■ Feb. 9 - 184a 
 
 phta!Sris We " ?*!" Wm - Hobbs.M. G . Feb. 13, 1840. 
 Brown" Fl7 '^ R * CheI R N " Curr y- J - P ■ • Feb " 16 - 1M0 - 
 
 John S. Rose to So- 
 
 Granrle Bond. M. G. Feb. 20, 1840. 
 
 san Add Mobley. 
 StaWy Smith '° ^ H Pe™°S«. »• p - • Feb. 26. 1840. 
 rnlra^fx^ *" !*'' L W - Danla P' M " G - ***■ «• 1M0 " 
 MaUui; P Wag.'f°' he ! <0 ^^i Kinman, Elder. Mar. 7, 1840. 
 MaryD. Keith!*. * GranTle Bon d, M- G- Mar. 26, 1840. 
 SlEr BVO^Sf!? R " »• Ca ">'- J - P " • Mmr - * 1M0 - 
 
 LfaLrfT.^ Sarah R "■ Carr y- J p • ■ Mar - 31 - 1W0 - 
 
 Ro* t : Henry toSarah EIijah Be „ ^^ A ^ M , lgw 
 
 Mto^*!*! { ? ^t H - P ersin « eI -. J - P" • April 12,1840. 
 £thGiin?oi ! tU ™' H.Caaghenower.J.P April 15,1840. 
 
 John B. Cox to Sarah D x - n,-.*-** i v> i^iMimn 
 
 LuanBridwell.. . . R- >■ Curry, J P. . . April 30, 1830.
 
 HISTORY OF SCMUYLER A XI) BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 1 II 
 
 No. Date <>f License. 
 II) May 4, 1840. . . 
 II May 14, 1840. . 
 49 .June 8, 1840 . . 
 
 43 June 11, 1840. . 
 
 44 June 26, 1840 . . 
 I". June 29, 1840. . 
 H -Inly 1, 1840 . . 
 4T July 25, 1840. . 
 
 48 Aug. 1, 184U . . 
 
 49 Aug. 4, 1819 . . 
 BO Aug. 29, 1840. . 
 51 Sept. 2, 1840 . . 
 69 ^ept. 9, 1840 . . 
 v. -ept. 10,1840. . 
 M Sept. 2."., 1840. . 
 96 -opt. 29, 1840. . 
 611 Oct. 5, 1S40. . . 
 :.T I )et. 19, 1840 . . 
 68 I let. 15, 1840 . . 
 M i let. 17, 1840 . . 
 
 m Ootai, i84ii . . 
 
 '-1 Nov. 2.18111. . . 
 
 62 Not. 14, 1840. . 
 88 Nov. 18, 1840. . 
 
 64 Dee, 
 
 06 lire. 
 M Dee. 
 67 Dec. 
 M Dec 
 M Dec. 
 
 70 Dee. 
 
 71 .1:111. 
 
 79 Jul 
 
 7:: .!:iii. 
 
 71 Feb. 
 75 Feb. 
 W Mar. 
 
 7. 18 In 
 19,1840 . 
 18,1640 
 81,1840 . 
 a, 1840 . 
 
 24.1840 . 
 24.18411 . 
 
 at, lati. 
 
 27, 1841 . 
 
 28. 1841 . 
 5, 1841 . 
 
 27.1811 . 
 
 I'., 18 11 
 
 77 Mar.31,1841 . 
 
 78 Mar.31,1841 . 
 7'.' April 8, 1841 . 
 80_April29. 1841 
 
 81 May 20, 1841 
 
 82 "June 4, 1841 . 
 89 June21,1841 
 
 84 June26,l841 
 
 85 July 8, 1841 . 
 
 86 July 17, 1841 . 
 S7 Aug. 28, 1841 ■ 
 *9 Sep. 9, 1841 . 
 DO Sep.18,1841 . 
 •H Sep. 28,1841 . 
 
 92 Oct, 5, 1841 . 
 
 93 Oct. 9, 1841 . 
 H i 'it. 13,1841 . 
 
 forties. By Whom Married. Date. 
 
 John Miller to Susan , w D|ln|flp> „_ G May „_ m „ 
 
 ■ l±^F^d y "? ^" «• ^11". »■ * • ** ". !»«• 
 
 • 22ft? WU^ . '° * ° »»-«. J - P • • J "»* * »»• 
 Jeremiah Hurley to 
 
 " Louisa Fitzgerald . . 
 
 • Market ThSmL . '° W». Harper, M. G. . June 
 
 • lyBell "" rSt '" K ' ni " Wm ' Har P er - M - G • •"">' 2 - 184 °- 
 
 Warner Hoopes to Daniel Wood, Elder ,„,„ on 1EJft 
 
 ■ PereillaGitlord . . . of Latter Day Saints. ,H " 5 -'."*'■ 
 
 ■^nJ'lZ"^^^ Hartley, J. P.... Aug. 2, 1840. 
 
 • Ja^e Ellis B " SS '" "• P»n*«t«. J- P. . Aug. 0, 1840. 
 
 • ttrESS* '. '° ft^» ,to *•»<>. «•»• ■**■ "• 18 *>- 
 
 • S& tVWuSrtJE* Green.caf M. G. Sept. 3, ,840. 
 
 ■ ]:;tZ»\ ^igg e, ° H '<*■ Harvey, M. Q . Sept. 10, 1840. 
 Jae. YOOBBI to J«»H.O.ThOmi»Oi,BI.e, Sept. IS, 1840. 
 
 'ffiK*-' «ree»le.f, M. G. Sept. 1, 1840. 
 ■^e*!toTto X *f < ! f? 1!UH ' ,rU, y' ,P -- (lot - *• 184a 
 
 ■ na h Kin A man '° LaVl " GO - Wilson - J ' P ' ■ 0ct ' *• 1M0 - 
 ■SiShPie k ^' ,0 "-^"^J- »'■ Oet.H, 184U. 
 
 SSS^ .,2™':' *-»* i4 »»< i . «-ft o* *»• ««■ 
 
 ■ Marg^ Mon^oLA" ' >«""'' *> D * «• * °* * »* 
 
 • L ' a "i rUm'22 b° Si '" Wm. Roval. M. G. . Oct. 21, 1840. 
 via A.tomstock . . . F . chilli Elder 
 
 Levi Roberts to Mary ''.,, r 1. • i.vr r» 
 
 ■ ,.,„„ iii,,,. ol the ( hureh.of .le- .-. , . ,„,„ 
 •'■>•>« Blair BUaChrtotof L.D.Sts Ult - *> '* 4 ' '• 
 
 . Elisha Perry to Sarah 
 
 Perry 
 
 D ' u. ,!..+♦,,* -vr„ Lie'aefnd among G. 
 
 r - v ri,omils per* without certift. 
 
 •SSabe»Tr M S". to H.Per8i„ g er, J .P.. Dec.10,1840. 
 
 • Buliar.l"!' iKgS, "."'" y H Peratager.J. P. . Dee.84,1840, 
 
 \n'n ii Br,k l e !riKK; '° H - ^singer, J. P. . Dee.31,1840. 
 
 ■t^ASg**! ***«».'■*■■■ »»>*>»»■ 
 
 . gSJf ' Vn ' V "' E "*" Wm - H '»-l«r, J. P. . Dec.24,1840. 
 
 • nl'p'oi^Ann ii'^Z H-'nn«l~-r, .I.P. Dee.24,,84„. 
 
 ■^tSS?.^*** .ower,JJ>. Jan. 7, 18«. 
 
 Simeon Stevens to 
 ' Elisabeth Stinson . . 
 
 •|in'sh:uv Me0k r t "'' e " Si " lw Kininan. M.G. Jan. 28. 1811. 
 
 ■ j\!oMfh d Keith* UOe '" Granville Bond.M.G. Jan. 28,1841. 
 
 ■^ as^ ?r *■•■»»•. «■*• Fe., 9, ,84.. 
 
 • n'e'rva l llilev' y .".' "!' Eaek'l Mobtey, M. O. Fel,.28,1841. 
 
 ■ lirina ivii'e" "'. ^"" Rich. Ashcroft, M. O. Mar. 14, 1M1. 
 1. ,«».,. ll l'i..,. ,., Daniel Wood, El.ler 
 
 -iSSSLS: !;::,; y ;;; n-nji- ;.;>-.- .^y ap,^ 4, ,mi. 
 
 'Stev^ Kn " I "" M :" y -' u, ""~ '' lt«i'l- T - I'- April 1,1841. 
 . gg* I^^B '"° Bob, N. Curry, J. P. April 8. Ml. 
 
 ■Wcjsssrvii?**- »**n*'.* Apri.29.,8,,. 
 
 ■ Ma-v^li'al-'i'l.'teV II-« ■ ! .«^l...«..»-,-r, .r.l-. June 8, ,841. 
 
 ■IS Hii^ , "Geor,eA,la„,s,J.P. J„ne22.,8M. 
 
 • .^:i , r..^ i :!x,>.!;:' '•"■*»-». j - p - • *-»»^»- 
 
 • Sta'MSKS Jo "" Ta >- |or - * ,; - • Ju,y "■ ml - 
 
 •gU'ttaSSralan '- w - r '"'" a P- M - «' '«'TW.««- 
 
 • Swmi Dwe** '^ to H.08nghenoirer, J.P. Aug.29,1841. 
 
 ■ATX 1 HwS>^ l "' ltft ' Sep.,,,,,,,. 
 Daniel Brown I o Ma- , ; Kin,,,.,,,. c . p. . Sep. 19, 1811. 
 ]'v Aim \\ aglc .... K ' 
 
 Thoma""" '" An " ;, J"lin Taylor, M.i... Bep.9B.U41. 
 •fla^toba^l. t °. i, !" Jo * u » T V tor ' M -ft' Oct. 6,1841. 
 
 ■ S3? n iAS«V. ':' ^ Ki " raan ' c p - • °* + M] 
 
 Bichard D. Mathewa Iol , n T ,„ M f; , , ct „• 1841 
 to Baran Bstea ... J 
 
 No. Date of Lii'ense. Parties. By Whom Married. Date 
 
 95 Oct.20,i84i enwiMa^oore '''. '" '""' s " , l >lu '"^ »■ ''■ , "' 1 - -'■ ml - 
 
 96 Oct. 20, 1811 . . 
 
 97 Oct. 20,1841 . . 
 
 98 Oct. 30, 1831 . . 
 
 99 Nov. 6, 1841 . . 
 100 Nov. 11, 1841 . 
 
 Jonathan J. Slites to . ,, 
 
 Lavla. Wilson .... John Tft y' or ' M - ft • 0et n < im - 
 
 ■ t;;-t. w!™ * ■«'. Dunlap, » .G. M .21, 1841. 
 ■llri.'.T'on^^.^H.IVrsingerJ.P.. 
 
 <ieorj?e Hersmai) to, .., n 
 
 ■ Rebecca Ann Knox u "" l)an 
 
 geSea 8 ian.' Mor^ ■■»"» '''^'"' «•« 
 
 lap, M. G. Nov. 7, 1841. 
 Nov. 11,1841. 
 
 VEBDKT OF COHONEK S JURY. 
 
 The following verdict of a jury, summoned by the coroner 
 to inquire as to the death of Reuben Smith, is found among 
 the records : 
 
 "" We of the Jurey, having been duley Sworn and affirmed 
 by James D. McPhearson, Coroner of Brown County, dili- 
 gently to enquire and true presentment make, in what man 
 ner, and by whom Reuben Smith, whose dead body was 
 found on the 16th day February 1840 in a house of said 
 Smith (Called a Granery) Came to his death, after having 
 heard the evidence,' and upon full inquirey Concerning the 
 facts and a Careful examination of said body do find, that 
 the said Smith aforesaid in a certain house there standing 
 and being he the Said Reuben Smith being then and there 
 a lone with a Certain hemp Cord or rope which he then and 
 there held in his hands and one end thereof after being 
 doubled four times put aroud the rafter of Said grainery and 
 the other end around his neck, himself then and there with 
 the Cord aforesaid voluntairily hanged and Suffocated him- 
 self under a Temporary fit of insauity. And so the Jurors 
 aforesaid, upon thier oaths and affirmations, aforesaid Say 
 that the Said Reuben Smith, then and there in manner and 
 form afforesaid, himself Killed, Strangled and murdered. 
 Given our hand this 17th February 1846. 
 
 Kenneth McCoy, Foreman, 
 William Shank, 
 Henry Gyer, 
 Oliver Howes, 
 Thomas Lackey, 
 
 KlNSEY CLARKSON 
 
 William Strahan, 
 James G. Johnson, 
 William Pile, 
 William Slagle, 
 William T. Gay, 
 Joseph Mahett. 
 
 delegates to constitutional conventions. 
 
 In the constitutional convention of 1847, James W. Sin- 
 gleton was the delegate from Brown county. In the conven- 
 tion of 1862, which framed a constitution afterward rejected 
 by the people, the member elected from Brown county was 
 Archibald A. Glenn. In the constitutional convention of 
 1870, William L. Vandeveuter represented the twenty-fifth 
 district, comprising Cass and Brown counties. 
 
 SENATORS & REPRESENTATIVES IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 
 
 In the Twelfth General Assembly, 1840-1842, William 
 A. Richardson was the senator representing Brown and 
 Schuyler counties. Harvey Lester was the member of the 
 lower house. In the Thirteenth General Assembly, 1842- 
 1844, Jacob Vendeventer was the senator. Stephen D. 
 Hambaugh was elected representative from Brown County. 
 In the Fourteenth General Assembly, 1844-1846, Jacob
 
 142 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Ynndeventer was again the senator. Isa-m Nye was the 
 representative. In the Fifteenth General Assembly, 1846- 
 1848, John Brown was the senator from I!rown and Schuy- 
 ler, and John Dawson the representative. In 1848 Brown 
 county was placed in the Sixteenth senatorial district. In 
 the Sixteenth General Assembly, 1848-1850, and also in the 
 Seventeenth, 1850-1852, John P. Richmond was the sen- 
 ator from this district. In the Eighteenth General Assem- 
 bly, 1852-1854, James M. Campbell was the senator. In 
 the Sixteenth General Assembly, Jonathan Dearborn repre- 
 sented Brown county in the lower house ; in the Seventeenth, 
 James W. Singleton ; and in the Eighteenth, John C. Moses. 
 
 In 1854 Brown county was placed with Adams, in the 
 Twelfth Senatorial District. In the nineteenth and twentieth 
 General Assemblies, 1854-56 and 1856-58, William H. Carlin 
 from Adams county was the senator from this district. In 
 the Twenty-first General Assembly, 1858-60, Austin Brooks 
 of Adams, was the state senator, as he was also in the 
 Twenty-second General Assembly, 1860-62. In the Nine- 
 teenth General Assembly Jonathan Dearborn was the mem- 
 ber of the House from Brown county; in the Twentieth and 
 Twenty-first, King Kerley; and in the Twenty-second, Ben. 
 jamiii F. De Witt. 
 
 In 1861 the Twelfth Senatorial District was changed to 
 include Menard, Cass, Schuyler, Brown and Morgan counties. 
 In the Twenty-third General Assembly, 1862-64, Henry E. 
 Dummer, of Cjss county, was the senator from this district; 
 in the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth General Assemblies 
 1864-66, and 1866-68, Murray McConnell of Morgan ; and 
 in the Twenty-sixth General Assembly, 1868-70, James M. 
 Epler of Cass county. The Twenty-fifth Representative 
 District under the apportionment of 1861 comprised Cass 
 and Brown counties. In the Twenty-third General Assem- 
 bly James M. Epler, of Cass, was the representative. In the 
 Twenty-fourth, King Kerley of Brown ; in the Twenty-fifth, 
 James M. Epler of Cass, and in the Twenty-sixtb, James G, 
 Phillips of Brown. 
 
 Under the apportionment of 1870 the Twelfth Senatorial 
 District including Brown county remained the same. James 
 M. Epler of Cass and Edward Lanning of Menard were the 
 8 enators in the Twenty-seventh General Assembly, 1870-72. 
 Brown county formed a representative district by itself, and 
 James G. Phillips was elected a member of the lower 
 house. 
 
 Under the apportionment the Thirty-sixth Senatorial 
 District comprised Mason, Cass, Menard and Brown counties 
 In the Twenty-eighth General Assembly, 1872-74, and in 
 the Twenty-ninth, 1874-76, Archibald A. Glenn of Brown 
 was the senator; in the Thirtieth, 1876 78, and the Thirty- 
 first, 1878-80, Luther Dearborn of Mason ; and in the 
 Thirty-second, 1880-82, Edward Laning of Menard. The 
 representative District was composed of the same counties, 
 three representatives to be elected. With the exception of 
 the Thirtieth General Assembly, when William L. Van- 
 deventer of Brown was elected, the representatives of this 
 district were from other counties. Under the apportionment 
 of 1882 Brown was placed in the Thirty-sixth Senatorial Dis- 
 trict with Pike and Calhoun. 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL. 
 
 On its organization the county was in Third Congression- 
 al district with the counties of Greene, Morgan, Sangamon, 
 Tazewell, Macon, McLean, La Salle, Cook, Putnam, Peoria, 
 Henry, Knox, Jo Daviess, Mercer, Warren, Hancock 
 McDonough, Fulton, Adams, Pike and Calhoun. 
 
 In 1843 it was placed in the Fifth District with Greene 
 Jersey, Calhoun, Pike, Adams, Fulton, Peoria, Macoupin, 
 and Schuyler counties. In 1852, under the apportionment 
 act, the district still remained the Fifth, including, beside 
 Brown, the counties of Adams, Pike, Calhoun, Schuyler, 
 McDonough, Hancock, and Henderson. In 1801 the 
 county was placed in the ninth district with Fulton, Mason, 
 Menard, McDonough, Schuyler and Pike. In the appor- 
 tionment under the act of 1872 the eleventh district was 
 composed of the counties of Adams, Brown, Pike, Calhoun, 
 Greene and Jersey. 
 
 The present Twelfth Congressional District, formed under 
 the apportionment act of 1882, comprises Adams, Brown, 
 Cass, Pike, Saott, Greane, Jersey and Calhoun counties. 
 
 COUNTY JUDGES. 
 
 Samuel J. Black, 1849-1853 ; Jacob Vandeventer, 1853- 
 1865; John Kendrick, 1865-1873; William L. Taylor, 
 1873-1877 ; Thomas J. Russell, since 1877. 
 
 COUNTY CLERKS. 
 
 Jacob Vandeventer, 1839-1842; John S Bailey, August, 
 1842-September, 1842; Albert G. Alexander, 1842-1845; 
 George S. Myers, 1815-1846; Albert G. Alexander, 1846- 
 1847 ; Robert ST. Curry, March, 1847-Augu3t, 1847 ; Geo. 
 I S. Myers, 1847-1850 ; James Brockman, 1850-1851 ; Ben- 
 jamin D. Stout, 1851-1865; William L. Taylor, J 865-1872; 
 i William Lee, 1873-1877 ; George X. Henry, since 1877. 
 Of the above clerks, John S. Bailey was appointed, Au- 
 gust 11, 1842, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation 
 of Vandeventer, and George S. Myers to fill the vacancy 
 caused by Albert G. Alexander, who resigned September 
 23, 1845. Albert G. Alexander, after being elected to a 
 ; second term, was removed March 2, 1847, for " gross neglect 
 j of official duty." Robert N. Curry was appointed to fill 
 I the vacancy. George S. Myers died in 1850, while in office, 
 j and James Brockman was appointed clerk. 
 
 CLERKS OF THE CIRCUIT COURT. 
 
 The first Clerk of the Circuit Court of Brown county was 
 George W. P. Maxwell, who derived the office by appoint- 
 ment from James H. Ralston, Judge of the Fifth Judicial 
 Circuit. He was appointed in 1839. On the 30th of Jan- 
 uary, 1840, Peter Lott, who had succeeded Ralston as Judge 
 of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, appointed James M. Burt, who 
 served till the 12ih of April, when James Brockman, an ap- 
 pointee of Stephen A. Douglas, qualified, and assumed the 
 duties of the office. Brockman held. the office till his death, 
 twelve years afterward. By the Constitution of 1848, the 
 office was made elective, and Brockman was the first circuit 
 clerk elected by the people. He died in March, 1853. The 
 vacancy caused by his death was filled by the appointment 
 of Robert N. Curry, who served till Archibald A. Glenn,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 143 
 
 who was elected in November of the same year, took charge 
 of the office. Glenn was returned to the office by successive 
 re-elections till 1864, when Martin Brooks was chosen his 
 successor. He served from December, 1 864, to December, 
 1872. George B Allen was elected in 1S72, and re elected 
 in 1876. Frank Orr, the present incumbent, has filled the 
 office since 1880. 
 
 RECORDERS. 
 
 The Constitution of 1848 made the Clerk of the Circuit 
 Court ex-offieio Recorder of Deeds, and this arrangement 
 has existed since, in counties of a les3 population than sixty 
 thousand. John Putnam was the first Recorder. Albert G. 
 Alexander and Benjamin D. Stout also filled the office pre- 
 vious to 1849. 
 
 SHERIFFS. 
 
 Elisha Davis, 1839-1841 ; Isam Nye, 1841-1844; Clark 
 Dennis, 1844-1848; John L. McKasson, 1848-50; John 
 C. Moses, 1850-1852; William L. Taylor, 1852-1854; 
 Daniel J. Sarratt, 1854-1856; William L. Taylor, 1856- 
 1858; Robert A. Cox, 1858-1860; Emsley Jackson, 1860- 
 1862; Robert A. Cox, 1862-1864; Thomas Dawson, 1864- 
 1866; Granville L, Kindred, 1866-1867;' Charles L. 
 Walker, 1867; John J. Leeper, 1867-1868; Hamilton 
 Wash, 1868-1870 ; Edward A. Gordley, 1870-1874 ; John 
 Harper, 1874-1878; Henry D. Ritter, 1878-1880; John 
 Harper, since 1880. 
 
 Granville L. Kindred, who came into office in Decem- 
 ber, 1866, died shortly afterward. Charles L. Walker 
 was appointed to fill the vacancy, and served a few months; 
 John L. Leeper was then elected and served the remainder 
 of Kindred's term. 
 
 COUNTY TREASURERS. 
 
 Clark Dennis was the first treasurer of the county. He 
 was elected in May, 1839. In 1846 Lewis Brockman was 
 appointed. His successor in 1847 was W. D. Price, who 
 died while in office, and James Wash was appointed Sep- 
 tember, 1848, to fill the vacancy. He resigned in Feb- 
 ruary, 1849, when Clark Dennis was appointed. Granville 
 Bond was made treasurer in 1850, and served till 1853, 
 when Clark Dennis was made his successor. Dennis was 
 in office ten years, from 1853 to 1863. The latter year 
 Alexander K. Lowry was elected to the office ; he resigned 
 January 16, 1864, and Thomas Howell was appointed to 
 fill the vacancy. The subsequent treasurers have been : 
 
 Clark Dennis, 1865-1867; James McCormick, 1867- 
 1873 ; Leonidas Price, 1873-1875 ; Thomas S. Adams, 
 1873-1875; John R. Reid, 1875-1877; Daniel Six, 1877- 
 1879. Daniel W. Miller, since 1879. 
 
 COUNTY ASSESSORS. 
 
 The county in 1839, the first year after its organization, 
 was divided into four districts for the purpose of the assess- 
 ment of taxable property. The assessors appointed by the 
 board of county commissioners were S. H. B. Clarkson, 
 Robert Trabue, Isam Nye and James H. McClary. John 
 Sevier -assessed the county in 1840. The assessor in 1841 
 
 was James D. McPherson, His successor wa3 Green 
 Berry Orr; but in 1843 we find McPherson again in office. 
 Lewis Brockman made the assessment for the years 1844, 
 1845, 1846 and 1847. William D. Price was appointed in 
 
 1848, but died while in office, September, 1848. James 
 Wash was appointed to fill the vacancy, but resigned in 
 
 1849. His place was supplied by Clark Dennis, whose ap- 
 pointment dated from the month and year last mentioned. 
 He was succeeded by Granville Bond in 1852, who held 
 the office till township organization was effected, when the 
 taxable property of the county came to be assessed by 
 officers elected in each township. 
 
 COUNTY COLLECTORS. 
 
 The first person honored by the county commissioners 
 with an appointment to the responsible position of collector 
 of taxes was Harvey Lester, who, however, declined the of- 
 fice. He was appointed in May, 1839. On his refusal to 
 serve Elisha Davis, the first sheriff of the county, was ap- 
 pointed to the office on the fourteenth of the next month. 
 He held the office till September, 1810, when his place was 
 filled by Thomas S. Brockman. Green Berry Orr was made 
 collector in 1841 ; Clark Dennis in 1842; (though. Clark 
 Dennis was appointed the annual statement of the treasurer 
 for this year appears on the records as filed by Isam Nye), 
 and John P. Nye in 1843. Clark Dennis then served for 
 four successive years, from 1844 to 1848, thus corresponding 
 with his term of service as sheriff. Thereafter, till the 
 adoption of township organization, the sheriff acted as col- 
 lector, John L. McKasson from 1848 to 1850 ; John E. Mo- 
 ses from 1850 to 1852 ; and William L. Taylor from 1852 
 to 1854. Since the adoption of township organization the 
 county treasurer has ex-offieio served as county collector. 
 
 SURVEYORS. 
 
 George Harper, 1839-1843 ; Benoni R. Parke, 1843-1853 ; 
 James L. Bradbury, 1853-1855 ; James D. McPherson, 
 1857-1859; James L. Bradbury, 1859-1861 ; W. W. Ken- 
 drick, 1861-1863 ; James B. Gilky, 1863-1867 ; Samuel S. 
 Black, 1867-1869 ; Moses Black, 1869-1871 ; W. W. Ken- 
 drick, 1871-1875; Moses Black, since 1875. D. C. Mc- 
 Kay was elected surveyor about 1855, but did not fill the 
 office, shortly after his election moving out of the county. 
 Samuel S. Black died in January, 1869, while occupying the 
 office. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS AND SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS. 
 
 James Brockman served for a number of years as school 
 commissioner after the organization of the county. John 
 S. Bailey and Samuel S. Black afterward filled the office. 
 The latter resigned, and in January, 1856, William Lee was 
 appointed to serve in his place. Archibald A. Glenn was 
 elected in November, 1857, and served till 1861. Alexan- 
 der K. Lowry discharged the duties of the office from 1861 
 to 1863. William L. Vandeventer was elected in Novem- 
 ber, 1863, and resigned the office on the 19th of July, 1865. 
 James H. Wallin was appointed to fill the vacancy made by 
 his resignation. John P. Richmond came into the office at
 
 144 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS, 
 
 the close of the year 186-5. James Preston Amonett was 
 elected in 1873. George H. Lee, the incumbent at the 
 present writing, has been in office since 1877. 
 
 CORONERS. 
 
 Among the early coroners of the county were I. A. C. R. 
 Shaw, Milton Sebastian and James C. Riggin. Sebastian 
 was elected in 1842, and Riggin in 1844. James D. Mc- 
 Phersou succeeded Riggin. Silas Campbell was elected in 
 1846, and served for several successive terms. Charles R. 
 Bovinger then held the place for a long time by successive 
 re-elections. John C. Hedenberg was coroner for a few 
 months in 1874, by appointment to fill a vacancy. Henry 
 D. Ritter was elected in November, 1874. He was sue 
 ceeded by Isaac S. Whiteside, and he by the preseut coro- 
 ner, Benjamin D. Stout, who has held the office since 1878- 
 
 JUSTICES? OF THE PEACE. 
 
 Reference to the history of Schuvler countv will show the 
 names of a number of persons who hold the office of justice 
 of the peace in what is now Brown county, while it was yet 
 a part of Schuyler. After the organization of Brown 
 county, the following magistrates were commissioned in the 
 year 1839 : Garland O. Wilson, Sept. 13th ; S. H. B. Clark- 
 son, probate justice; Harvey Lester, and Joseph M. 
 Philips, Sept 14th ; Robert N. Curry, Harvey Persinger, 
 Henry Cjughennour, and Thomas Davis, Sept. 17th ; Robert 
 Trabue, Sept 23d ; Jas C. Reid, William Barker and Tho- 
 mas Sewell, on the thirtieth of the same month. Eli Hartley 
 and David C Long also filled the office of justice of the 
 peace in this year. Fielding T. Glenn qualified on the 9th of 
 January, 1840. Edward W. B. Newby, probate justice of 
 the peace, qualified on the loth of May, 1841. Thomas J. 
 Rigg took the oath as justice on the 16th of February, 
 134-', and William O. F. Campbell on the 21st of De- 
 cember, 1844. 
 
 Among other early justices of the peace in the county, 
 were James Harper, W. C. Hardin, J. R. Briggs, J. W. 
 Wardwell, and John Haggarty- The list of justices com- 
 missioned in 1847, embraced Lewis Brockman, John C. 
 H^enberg, Jonathan Dearborn, John W. Price, Wdliam 
 Lee, John Lomax, Emsley Jackson, Michael Summy, 
 Samuel S. Black, John Billiard. Thomas Dawson, Thomas 
 M. Barton, Arthur Martin, Thomas Wilson, and Joseph 
 Miller. Some of these had served previously. Archibald 
 A Glenn and John Chapman were invested with the magis- 
 trate's office in 1848. 
 
 The new justices elected in 1849 were John Sevier, Ben- 
 jamin D. Stout, Richard Mars, J. J. Pevehouse, Isaac Par- 
 ker, Henry Ausmus, Bartholomew Boylan, Ichabod Perry, 
 Alpius Brown, Thomas C. Reeves, George A. Taylor, Tho- 
 mas J. Bradney, and George Windslow. In 1851 Abel H- 
 Lamphier, William H. Glenn, and Morris U. Pettis came 
 into office. Among the new justices in 1853, were David P. 
 Metcalf, Willis Watts, John Miller, G. M. Pickett, Alex- 
 der Montgomery, and L. J. Hammond. 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 BEXVII ASD BAR. 
 
 EN love liberty as they love life. Law 
 makes liberty possible ; is its guardian 
 spirit and its earnest advocate. He is 
 the freest man who least feels restraint, 
 and not to feel restraint is to be so 
 disciplined that one acts unconscious of 
 the physical, moral and spiritual restric- 
 tions which hedge him about. It is thus 
 thai he " looketh into the perfect law 
 of liberty and continuing therein shall 
 be blessed in his deeds." 
 
 Patrick Henry had no juster conception of freedom when he 
 exclaimed," Give me liberty or give me death," than had the 
 framers of our government of the means to secure that freedom 
 when they enacted the fundamental laws of the land, " to 
 establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the 
 common defense, promote the general welfare and secure 
 the blessing of liberty." Law in its generic sense is a 
 formal expression of authority. It is thus broad in applica- 
 tion, '• sets empress over thrones and globes." But our ob- 
 ject is to show its social functions and bearings. 
 
 Nature fits man for association with his fellow-man, gives 
 him affections, desires and ambitions that can be satisfied 
 through no other agency, or avenue. History witnesses that 
 in all ages, under all conditions of climate and vocation, 
 men have grouped themselves into families, communities and 
 nations. These groupings have never been mere social com- 
 pacts, vouchsafing the faithful discharge of reciprocal duties, 
 but result directly from the human constitution. Each at- 
 test the guiding hand of Him who gives parents authority 
 to rear and discipline offspring and causes children intuitive- 
 ly to respect parental authority as exercised in love and for ' 
 their good ; who so impresses the community with the desira- 
 bleness of common purposes that instinctively it recognizes 
 the necessity of harmonious actions and the just regards of 
 each for the rights of all ; who so constitutes a nation that it 
 dreads anarchy as the worst of political evils and lauds good 
 order and wise government. 
 
 The human organism shows that " in union there is 
 strength." Without the natural muscular strength of other 
 animals we depend opon the co-operation of our species for 
 protection against the attacks of beasts and enemies, and for 
 the procuring of the necessaries of life. By means of speech 
 labor is distributed so that a community accomplishes what 
 the individual cannot attain. 
 
 This distribution cultivates reason, increases knowledge, 
 develops new industries, points out unsupplied wants, keeps 
 man in a progressive condition, whose achievements are a 
 present satisfaction and a future incentive. Our emotional 
 activities illustrate the same truth. To be banished and 
 exiled from home* to be excluded from his kind has bereft 
 man of his reason and speech.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 145 
 
 Civil society is a fixed fact and needs no argument to 
 prove its origin divine. We are born into the family mem- 
 bership. It is our natural state which we cannot avoid if we 
 would, would not avoid if we could. It takes away none of 
 our individual rights and adds nothing to the privilege of the 
 masses. Besides the ordinary elements of existence, society 
 furnishes the branches by which we climb to a higher civili- 
 zations, thus improving our own existence and that of our 
 immediate dependents. 
 
 A history of civilization, which is but another name for 
 law, only narrates the developments of society, and the de- 
 ductions of historians simply edify its members as to personal 
 obligations, as to the debt of gratitude each owes mankind 
 and its creator. Disregard for the regulation of a benefac- 
 tion, and disrespect shown the benefactor has in all ages of 
 the civilized world been regarded as the gravest of moral 
 delinquencies. 
 
 As society antedates membership in it, its regulations are 
 paramount to individual wishes, and the most fitting method 
 of discharging the obligations it imposes is to render a 
 cheerful acquiescence, or patiently and unostentatiously to 
 labor in reforming what is objectionable. Each member has 
 certain inalienable rights as distinctive, essentia], and God- 
 given, as those of the mass. Among these are equality in 
 creation, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. To se- 
 cure these rights governments are instituted among men, with 
 power to suppress evil, and to repress the evil disposed, with 
 additional power to advance common interests and individual 
 worth. 
 
 Civil law is the basis of civil government, hence is the 
 authorized expression of social authority and rights. As 
 governments derive their just powers from the consent 
 of the governed, each citizen of the state should recognize in 
 its constitution the protection of his individuality, the secur- 
 ity of his personal and political rights. Ignorance of law is 
 no offset for crime — does not avert the penalty for wrong 
 doing. He who is subject to a despotism is very foolish not 
 to learn its characteristics, if for no higher purpose than self- 
 protection ; he who is a citizen of a republic such as ours, in 
 which he not only is political in his personality, but helps to 
 construct the government and administer its affairs, from a 
 moral standpoint, is criminally'negligent, if he fail to acquire 
 the necessary knowledge for discharging the duties of citi- 
 zenship. 
 
 Custom makes law— precedents rule its administration. 
 Before men could make permanent records they resorted to 
 current customs and traditions as the basis for deciding dis- 
 putes. Thus originated the Lex non seripta, the unwritten 
 law. After writing became established as an art laws were 
 written, and took the statutory form. Undoubtedly the 
 pivotal points of all law are: 1st. The nature, functions and 
 limitations of government. 2d. The conditions and forms 
 of ownership. 3d. The relations of family or domestic life, 
 and 4th, The binding force of voluntary promises or con- 
 tracts. From these centers the growth of the law has been 
 complete and varied. It presupposes the existence of a 
 supreme political authority, whose privilege and duty are to 
 prescribe rules for the guidance of its subjects. This implies 
 19 
 
 obedience and the possibility of violations with penalties to 
 guard against the latter. The supreme authority can change 
 its laws, of course — in fact, can subvert them at the risk of 
 its own existence, and is expected to be continually devising 
 changes as the condition of its subjects may demand. It 
 must also have the right to decide what are violations, and 
 to inflict proper punishments. Thus, it is, that governments 
 are legislative, judicial, and executive, the one function be- 
 ing easy distinguishable from the others. 
 
 The independent chief of an independent clan usually is 
 the legislator, judge and ruler. If he be tyrannical and pas- 
 sionate his administration becomes a despotism, for there is 
 no political power higher than his own, to call in question 
 his measures and motions. As society improves and arts de- 
 velop, as men " say unto wisdom thou art my sister, and call 
 understanding kinswoman," municipalities multiply, the 
 body corporate becomes more complex, its traditions more 
 numerous and less authentic, its customs more binding from 
 the authority of age and repetition, its statutes more vol- 
 uminous from the comments of legal expounders, the deci- 
 sions of judges, the enactments of legislatures; precedents 
 multiply technicalities, and specialists introduce terms mean- 
 ingless to the unpracticed. This is the history of nations 
 and law. So intricate is the jurisprudence of a civilized 
 people that men lose faith in the spirit of law, because they 
 are easily involved in its meshes. 
 
 The laws of our republic have to do with the individual, 
 the family, the village, the town, the city, the county, the 
 district, the state, the national government, and with other 
 governments. They have been accumulating for ages, have 
 a cosmopolitan origin, a language that needs an interpreter, 
 are burdened with forms and technicalities, and are so mi- 
 nute in details as to render lawyers more than aconvenience 
 — a positive necessity. Laws are both repressive and expan- 
 sive, are enacted to check and punish crime, reform crimi- 
 nals, protect the innocent, and promote the general welfare 
 by advancing commercial and other interests The study of 
 a lifetime could not master all these details, tracing them to 
 their historical sources, and their application to the indi- 
 vidual. That all men should know them is patent ; that all 
 men cannot acquire and know them is equally distinct. 
 Hence the necessity for a class of men who study law as a 
 profession, that they may place their knowledge thus obtained 
 at the disposal of such of their friends and acquaintances as 
 may need it. 
 
 THE BENCH OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 " Be it remembered, that the county of Schuyler having 
 been established by an Act of the General Assembly of the 
 State of Illinois and by said Act made a part of the First 
 Judicial Circuit of said State, and in pursuance of an order 
 of the judge of said Circuit, which are in the words and 
 figures following, to wit : 
 
 To the Clerk of the Circuit Court for the County of Schuyler, 
 greeting : 
 
 By authority vested in me by an Act of the General Assem- 
 bly of the State of Illinois, I hereby appoint the first Thursday
 
 146 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 in the month of November next for holding a circuit court 
 in and for the county of Schuyler and State of Illinois. 
 You will take notice thereof and govern yourselves accord- 
 ingly. [Signed] 
 
 John York Sawyer, 
 Judge of First Judicial Circuit. 
 
 Thereupon a circuit court for the said county of Schuyler 
 is begun and held at Beardstown the seat of justice in and for 
 said county on the 4th day of November, being the second 
 day of the term in the year one thousand eight hundred and 
 twenty-five, in pursuance of the above order and in obedi- 
 ence to the statue aforesaid. 
 
 Present : — The Honorable John York Sawyer, Judge, 
 John Turkey, Attorney- General, Pro tern. 
 Hart Fellows, Circuit Clerk, 
 Orris McCartney, Sheriff. 
 
 The sheriff returned into court his venire of grand jurors 
 who were regularly empanneled and charged to inquire for 
 the body of Schuyler county. 
 
 The First Judicial Circuit then embraced all the counties 
 lying north and including Fayette, wherein was then located 
 the seat of the State goverment. The court was held in a 
 little cabin just west of Pleasant View where the county seat, 
 (called Beardstown) was located. The cabin was at that 
 time owned by Samuel Turner, for the use of which he re- 
 ceived two dollars for three days' services for court purposes. 
 
 It was made the order of this court that the next term 
 be held at Rushville, on Friday, the 4th day of June, 1826. 
 There is no record of any court being held at that time. 
 The next term in course was held at Rushville, October 12, 
 1826, by Judge Sawyer. At that term of court Richard 
 Cox was admitted and licensed to practice; Hart Fellows, the 
 circuit clerk, was appointed judge of probate for the county 
 of Schuyler, and Jonathan Pugh, in the absence of the 
 attorney-general, was appointed public prosecutor. The 
 October term was the last court in the county presided over 
 by Judge Sawyer. There are but few persons now living in 
 the county who knew him personally, but it has come down 
 through tradition that he was a rollicking fellow, fond of 
 company and amusement, and much given to lingering over 
 the wine and those things which contribute to sensual 
 enjoyments ; he was a man of large, portly or, rather obese 
 form, a fair judge of law. At best, in those days, justice 
 did not sit enthroned wrapped in the mantle of frigid dignity, 
 nor have we learned that the blind goddess was less im- 
 partial than at present. After Judge Sawyer's retirement 
 from the bench he returned to Edwardsville where he 
 engaged in publishing a newspaper. In 1832 he was elected 
 public printer and returned to Vandalia, then the seat of 
 the state government. At the May term, 1828, Judge 
 Samuel D. Lock wood presided ; he was one of the judges of 
 the supreme court but under the then existing laws was 
 required to do circuit duty. He was a man of stainless 
 purity of character, as well as a distinguished jurist ; he 
 came to Illinois at an early period in the history of the 
 
 state, and was prominently identified with its jurisprudence 
 for many years. 
 
 At the October term in the same year he appointed 
 William Brown to prosecute for the people. Mr. Brown 
 subsequently became a circuit judge, and filled many offices 
 of public trust ; he was a man of brilliant talents, and was 
 most devotedly attached to his profession. He is still a 
 resident of Jacksonville, Illinois. 
 
 Judge Lock wood presided in the first judicial circuit 
 until the June term, 1829, when he was succeeded by Hon. 
 Richard M. Young, who then resided in Quincy, Illinois ; he 
 was also one of the first judges of the supreme court. 
 
 In 1831, the act of the General Assembly changing the 
 circuits was passed and approved February 16th of the same 
 year. It was entitled "An Act supplemental to the several 
 acts regulating the Supreme and Circuit Courts of this State." 
 It provided, among other things, " that the chief justice of 
 the Supreme Court and the associate justices thereof, and the 
 circuit judge of the fifth judicial circuit shall hold the cir- 
 cuit courts of the state at the times and in the manner here- 
 inafter provided." The state was then divided into five 
 judicial circuits. The counties of Cook, La Salle, Putnam, 
 Peoria, Fulton, Schuyler, Adams, Hancock, McDonough, 
 Knox, Warren, Jo Daviess, Mercer, Rock Island, and 
 Henry constituted the fifth judicial circuit. " Samuel D. 
 Lockwood shall perform circuit duties in the first judicial 
 circuit; Theophilus W. Smith in the second; Thomas C 
 Brown in the third ; William Wilson in the fourth, and 
 Richard M. Young in the fifth." This arrangement of the 
 judicial circuits continued until 1839, when an act was 
 passed by the General Assembly creating more circuits, and 
 reducing the number of counties in the old circuits. The 
 act was approved February 23d, 1839. By this act the 
 counties of Adams, Hancock, Warren, Mercer, Knox, Ful- 
 ton, Schuyler, Brown, and McDonough composed the fifth 
 circuit, Schuyler county remained in the fifth judicial circuit 
 throughout all the changes from 1831 to 1874, when it be- 
 came a part of the eleventh. No change was then made 
 until the consolidation of the circuits and the creation of 
 the appellate courts in 1877, then the counties of Pike, 
 Brown, Fulton, Schuyler, and McDonough became the sixth 
 judicial circuit in which they still remain, 
 
 At the October term of the circuit court, 1831, held at 
 Rushville, Judge Young appointed Thomas Ford State's at- 
 torney for the circuit. Mr. Ford was an early resident of 
 Schuyler county, and was the first successfully to prosecute 
 the first crime of murder in the courts of Schuyler county. 
 He was a young man then of fine talents and a promising 
 future. He rose rapidly in his .profession, became a- circuit 
 judge, and in 1842 was elected Governor of the State. He 
 died some years ago at his home in Peoria. At the June 
 term, 1835, Hon. Stephen T. Logan presided on change with 
 Judge Young. While Judge Logan was not regularly ap- 
 pointed to this circuit, yet we cannot refrain from making 
 bare mention of this remarkable man and jurist. He was a 
 resident of Springfield, (where he lived for many years, and 
 where he died a few years ago), and practiced in this circuit 
 when not upon the bench. He was a man who, if he had
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 147 
 
 any fine social qualities, they were absorbed in the greater 
 love and enthusiasm of his profession. His deep and pro- 
 found knowledge of elementary law was apparently inex- 
 haustible, and unsurpassed by that of any jurist in the west. 
 Although having for opponents and contemporaries men of 
 massive minds and brilliant intellects ; men, who in after 
 years achieved honor and renown, and stood in the very 
 front ranks of fame, yet when measured by the incomparable 
 legal mind of Stephen T. Logan they shrink into mediocrity. 
 It is said of him that his unerring mind never failed to find 
 the true line of equity in every case in which he was called 
 upon to act or decide. Statutes enacted by the law-making 
 power, precedents and decisions of courts were nothing to 
 him, but law based upon the immutable and unchangeable 
 principles of equity, everything. 
 
 Judge Young continued to preside in the Fifth Circuit 
 until the March term, 1837. He was in some respects a re- 
 markable man. He is remembered as a most excellent 
 Judge, possessed of a methodical mind ; large in stature and 
 imposing in appearance. He was elected to the United 
 States Senate, and served one term. During the time that 
 the state was in the throes of the " Internal Improvement" 
 question, he was sent to Europe as agent for the State, to 
 negotiate and sell her bonds, the proceeds of which was 
 needed to carry on the improvements. He failed to find any 
 purchasers, and returned home. After his return, he was 
 made Land Commissioner. He died in Washington, about 
 1850. 
 
 Ho.v. James H. Ralston succeeded Judge Young in the 
 Fifth Circuit. He held the first term in March, 1837, and 
 presided ^until 1841. He was a native of Kentucky, and 
 .was admitted to the bar in that state. When he first came 
 to Illinois, he settled in the southern part of the state. He 
 presided as Judge in the St. Clair county courts as early as 
 1826 ; subsequently he removed to Quincy, in Adams county, 
 and continued to reside there while upon the bench in the 
 Fifth Circuit. At the breaking out of the Mexican war, he 
 entered the service, and was appointed Quartermaster, with 
 the rank of Captain. After the expiration of his term of 
 service, he returned to Quincy, and remained there until the 
 discovery of gold in California. In company with others, 
 he went by the overland route to the Golden State, and set- 
 tled in Sacramento, where he resumed the practice of his 
 profession. He amassed a fortune and rose to prominence 
 in his adopted state. He was repeatedly elected to offices of 
 high honor and trust. In the winter of 1870-71, he lost his 
 life while attempting to cross the mountains in a terrible 
 snow storm. He lost his way, and when found, was frozen 
 to death. As a Judge, he was just and impartial. His 
 scholastic attainments were not of a high order, but his 
 native ability and strong common sense, aided by extensive 
 and varied experience, counterbalanced the lack of them. 
 During Judge Ralston's occupancy of the bench in this cir- 
 cuit, Henry L. Bryant was State's Attorney. He is a native 
 of New York, and of the same family as the late poet and 
 author, William Cullen Bryant. He is a resident of Fulton 
 county, and was, for many years, County Judge. At the 
 present time, he is Master in Chancery of that county. 
 
 Hon. Peter Lott succeeded Judge Ralston, and held 
 three terms of the court. At the April term, 1841, Hon. 
 Stephen A. Douglas presided for the first time. He was also 
 one of the Judges of the Supreme Court. The history and 
 subsequent career of Judge Douglas is so well known to 
 every student of American history that it is needless to repro- 
 duce it here. He presided up to and through the April term, 
 1843, when he was succeeded by Hon. Jesse B. Thomas, who 
 held the courts until the April term, 1845. Of Judge 
 Thomas, it may be said that he was more of a politician than 
 a Judge. He was a gentleman of fine appearance and com- 
 manding mien, and whether in the senate, on the bench, or 
 in a public assemblage, impressed the multitude with his 
 dignified and respectful bearing. 
 
 At the April term, 1845, Hon. Richard M. Young pre- 
 sided on change for Judge Thomas. 
 
 During the same year Hon. Norman H. Purple was 
 appointed to the Judgeship in the Fifth Circuit- He 
 held the first term in Rushville, in September, 1845, and 
 remained on the circuit until 1849. He was a sound law- 
 yer and possessed of much executive abilit} - . Consequently, 
 the business of the courts was expedited, and the docket 
 cleared up in what was then regarded as a remarkably short 
 time. In his manners, particularly upon the bench, Judge 
 Purple was gruff, many times to such a degree that it bor- 
 dered upon incivility. In consequence of this unsocial trait, 
 he did, not have that reverence and respect of the bar 
 to the extent warranted by his ability as a lawyer. During 
 his term as judge, James Johnson was state's attorney. 
 
 In 1849, at the March term, Hon. David M. Woodson, 
 of Carrollton, presided. 
 
 The same year William A. Minshall, of Rushville, was 
 elected Judge of the Fifth Judicial Circuit He was a native 
 of Ohio and came to Rushville at an early day. He repre- 
 sented his district in the General Assembly of the State, 
 and was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 
 1848. He was well educated, and, in addition, possessed 
 much native ability. ' While a practicing attorney, he stood 
 at the head of the bar of Schuyler county, which in that 
 day was an exceptionally' good one. He died before the 
 expiration of his term as judge. 
 
 At a special election called to fill the vacancy, Pinckney 
 H. Walker was elected. In 1855 he was elected for the full 
 term. He remained Judge of the Circuit until April 1858, 
 when he was appointed to the bench of the supreme court 
 by Governor Bissell, to fill the vacancy caused by the resig- 
 nation of Judge 0. C. Skinner. 
 
 The same year Judge Walker was elected for the full 
 term — nine years. In 1867 he was re-elected, and in 1876 
 again elected, and at present still remains upon the supreme 
 bench. Judge Walker is a native of Kentucky. He emi- 
 grated to Illinois in 1834, and settled in Schuyler county. 
 In 1838 he removed to Macomb, in McDonough county, and 
 commenced the study of law in the office and under the tui- 
 tion' of his uncle, Cyrus Walker, a distinguished lawyer and 
 advocate in the early courts of the state. Pinckney H. 
 was admitted to the bar in McDonough county in 1839, and 
 practiced in that and surrounding counties until 1848, when
 
 148 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 he removed to Kushville. Here he continued the practice 
 until elected judge in 1853. Judge Walker has been upon 
 the supreme bench for nearly a quarter of a century. In 
 that time he has acquired great legal learning, and his opin- 
 ions and discussions are marked by great clearness, exhibit- 
 ing profound knowledge of the principles of law, thorough 
 research and careful analysis, and are held in high estima 
 tion by the bar throughout the state. 
 
 During Judge Walker's occupancy of the circuit bench 
 John S. Bailey was State's Attorney. He was a resident of 
 Mt. Sterling, Brown county, Illinois, and was there admitted 
 to the bar in 1842. In 1858 he was elected Judge of the 
 Fifth judicial circuit to fill out the unexpired term of Judge 
 Walker who had, as stated above, been appointed and a short 
 time after elected to a position upon the Supreme bench. 
 Judge Bailey presided until the October term 1861. He was 
 a painstaking careful Judge, of fair legal attainments, and 
 suffered as few reverses as any of the judges who had pre- 
 ceded him. In 184(5 he removed to Macomb, where he yet 
 resides, and at present is master in Chancery of McDonough 
 county. 
 
 Judge Bailey was succeeded by Chancey L Higbee of 
 Pittsfield, Illinois. He held his first term in Rushville in 
 October 1861, and continued to be elected and re-elected 
 and presided until 1877, when the circuits were consolidated 
 and the appellate courts were formed. He became one of the 
 Judges of the latter. Of Judge Higbee it may be said that 
 no Judge presided in any circuit in Illinois who gave such 
 complete and unqualified satisfaction, to boLh the bar and 
 people as he did. He is not only a profound lawyer, but 
 possesses executive ability to an eminent degree, and has the 
 faculty of keeping every one about him busy in time of 
 court, yet hurrying no one ; his exceeding good humor, bland 
 • and gentlemanly manner, keeping lawyers and litigants in 
 the best of humor at all times. There is but one opinion 
 among all classes in the circuit, and that is that he was not 
 only the ablest Judge, but the best one who ever presided in 
 the Fifth Judicial circuit. 
 
 In 1877 Hon. S. P. Shope of Lewistown was elected Judge 
 of the Sixth Judicial circuit (under the consolidation of the 
 circuits it was changed to the sixth), and in 1879 was re- 
 elected for the full term. 
 
 STATES ATTORNEYS FOR DISTRICT AND COUNTY. 
 
 At this late day it is impossible to get the names of the 
 Prosecuting Attorneys for the circuit, except as their names 
 appear upon the court records. From them we have made 
 up the following names and dates : 
 
 John Turney Attorney General, 1825 to 1826. 
 
 Jonathan H. Pugh 1826, pro tern. 
 
 William Brown 1826, " 
 
 Thomas Ford 1831, 1834. 
 
 William A. Richardson 1834, 1838. 
 
 William Elliott 1838, 1844. 
 
 Henry L. Bryant, 1844, 1848. 
 
 Robert S. Blackwell 1848, 1852. 
 
 John S. Bailey 1852, 1858. 
 
 L. H. Waters 1858, 1860. 
 
 De Wilt C. Johnston 1859, pro tern. 
 
 Thomas B. Morgan, I860, 1868. 
 
 L. W. James, 1868, 1872. 
 
 E. P. Vail, 1872, 1876. 
 
 Sylvanus B. Montgomery 1876, 1880. 
 
 Re-elected in 1880. 
 
 THE EARLY BAR OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 In the days of the first courts of Schuyler county, the bar 
 numbered but few members. They were residents of Van- 
 dalia, Pittsfield, and Quincy. At the first and second courts, 
 in 1825 and 1 826, the lawyers were James Turney, Attorney 
 General John Turney, Jonathan H. Pugh, A. N. Cavarly, 
 and Daniel Prickett. 
 
 At the October term, 1826, Richard Cox was admitted to 
 the bar of Schuyler county. It is not known Whether he 
 was a practicing attorney prior to his admission here, but 
 presume he was. 
 
 One of the earliest lawyers here was Gen. G. W. P. Max- 
 well He was a resident of Ruihville, and for many years 
 the leading local lawyer. He represented Schuyler, Fulton, 
 Knox, Calhoun, McDonough, and Warren counties in the 
 State Senate, in the session of 1834-1836. He removed to 
 Mt- Sterling after the county of Brown was erected, and 
 died in Mt. Sterling a number of years ago. 
 
 Adolphus Hubbard was an early practitioner and local 
 lawyer of Rushville. He came to the county in 1831. After 
 the seat of government was removed from Vandalia to Spring- 
 field, practiced in Schuyler county and in the Fifth Judi- 
 cial Circuit. 
 
 John T. Stuart, who is yet a resident of Springfield, com- 
 menced the practice here in 1833. He is well remembered by 
 the older residents of Rushville, on account of his fine scholas* 
 tic and dignified appearance, fine apparel, and affable and 
 pleasant manners. He represented the district in Congress 
 when it was composed of forty-eight counties, and was then 
 the largest Congressional district in the United States. 
 
 Josiah Lamborn also practiced here. He was a fine ad- 
 vocate and good lawyer, but to some extent marred his ex- 
 cellent legal reputation by' a too free and habitual indul- 
 gence in the flowing bowl. 
 
 In after years, other members of the Springfield bar prac- 
 ticed here, conspicuous among whom was E D. Baker, per- 
 haps the most gifted and brilliant orator of his day. 
 
 Abraham Lincoln, the emancipator of a race and mar- 
 tyred President ; and others of less national reputation, but 
 all good lawyers, and many of them distinguished advocates. 
 
 The Jacksonville bar furnished a number of lawyers who 
 followed the court around the circuit. 
 
 Of these William Thomas was perhaps the best. He was 
 a painstaking, careful and safe lawyer, not so brilliant as 
 some others, but always reliable. He was a fine special 
 pleader, and it was exceedingly rare that he went out of 
 court upon informalities or technicalities. 
 
 Jack Grimshaw was a lawyer of considerable note forty 
 years ago. He was a resident of Pittsfield in Pike county 
 and was an able advocate but not so profound a lawyer as 
 many others who were his colleagues and contemporaries. 
 At the May term of the court held in 1833, at Rushville
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 149 
 
 on motion of Gen G. W. P. Maxwell, William A. Richard- 
 son was admitted to the practice in the courts of Schuyler 
 county. Mr. Richardson was born in Fayette county, Ken- 
 tucky. He received his early educational training in the 
 rude log school-houses eo common in the pioneer era of his 
 native state. From them he was transferred to the Walnut 
 Hill Seminary, where he was prepared for entrance to Cen- 
 ter College, at Danville, Ky. Subsequently he entered the 
 Transylvania University at Lexington, where he remained 
 until he had completed his junior year, then he entered the 
 law office of Allen & Simpson, as a student, and pursued his 
 studies diligently until in March 1831, when he was admitted 
 to the bar. The same year he came to Illinois and settled 
 in Shelbyville, Shelby county. In the spring of 1833 he 
 came to Rushville and opened a law office, and in May fol- 
 lowing was admi ted as above stated. In 1834 he was elec- 
 ted States Attorney for the circuit, and served the people as 
 public prosecutor for a number of years. In 1836 he was 
 elected to represent Schuyler county in the Tenth General 
 Assembly, and in 1838 he was elected State Senator from 
 the district. In the Eleventh General Assembly he met 
 many of the leading men of both parties in the state, con- 
 spicuous among whom were Lincoln, Douglas, Browning, 
 Hardin, Shields, Baker, Moore, French, Edwards, Ficklin 
 Thornton, Snyder, Gridley, and others who afterwards shed 
 lustre upon the state and country. At the breaking out of 
 the Mexican war he raised a company for the service, was 
 elected captain, and led his men through many of the bat- 
 tles, and skirmishes up to and including the memorable bat. 
 tie of Buena Vista. At the close of the war he returned 
 home, and in 1847 was elected to represent his district in 
 Congress. In 1848 he was re-elected, and was continuously 
 a member until 1856. He was the Democratic candidate 
 for the speakership of the House in the memorable contest 
 of 1856, and was defeated by N. P. Banks. He resigned 
 his seat in Congress the same year to accept the candidacy 
 for Governor, and was also defeated. He was soon after 
 appointed by President Buchanan, Territorial Governor of 
 Nebraska In 1860 he was again elected to Congress, 
 and in 1863, to the United States Senate, where he served 
 until 1865, when he practically retired from political life, re- 
 turned to his home in Quincy, Illinois, where he remained 
 until his death, which occurred December 27th, 1875. He 
 is well remembered by many of the older citizens of 
 Rushville and by some of the present members of the bar. 
 As a lawyer, he was not particularly brilliant, rather the op- 
 posite, yet withal, sound and practical. His strong points 
 were his consummate knowledge of human nature, skill in 
 selecting a jury favorable to him or his client, and his forci- 
 ble manner of presenting his case. He was large, well 
 formed, and possessed of much personal magnetism. His 
 was rather an indolent mind, consequently his law points 
 and citations were not generally voluminous nor the statutes 
 exhausted in fortifying his case. Outside of the court room 
 he was a most genial companion, of easy, pleasant manner, 
 and fine social qualities whom everybody knew intimately, 
 and everybody liked. 
 
 At the October term, 1834, of the circuit court, John T- 
 
 Worthinoton, and James Fairweather were admitted to 
 the bar. Mr. Worthingtou followed the profession of law 
 for several years, then abandoned it and entered the minis- 
 try of the Episcopal Church. He died in Pittsfield, Pike 
 county, Illinois, while engaged in his sacred calling. Mr. 
 Fairweather remained in Rushville for a few years, then 
 followed the stream of emigration westward, since which 
 time all trace of him has been lost. 
 
 Hon. Cyrus Walker was probably the most able lawyer 
 aiid advocate who ever practiced at the bar of Schuyler 
 county. He was a native of Kentucky, and was there edu- 
 cated and admitted to the bar. He came west to Illinois, 
 where his fame as an advocate and reputation as a lawyer 
 had preceded him. He settled iu Macomb, McDouough 
 county, and attended the courts there and in surrounding 
 counties for many years. As a criminal lawyer and prose- 
 cutor he had no equal in the state. His greatest effort at 
 the Schuyler bar was the successful prosecution and convic- 
 tion of the McFaddens, father and son, charged with the 
 murder of John Wilson. He spoke for six hours, and his 
 speech upon that occasion is remembered as the most power- 
 ful and masterly array of law and evidence, and the greatest 
 forensic effort ever made before or since at the bar of Schuy- 
 ler county- He is remembered by many of the older citi- 
 zens, who all admit his superior ability as an advocate, but 
 are divided in their opinions as to who was the ablest law- 
 yer, he or 0. H. Browning. The latter practiced at the 
 Schuyler county bar for many years. Of this remarkable 
 and good man, we cannot do better than quote from the 
 address of Hon. James W. Singleton, delivered before the 
 court of Adams county, announcing the death of that dis- 
 tinguished lawyer and amiable and exemplary citizen. 
 He said : " His domestic life was beautiful and exemplary 
 Ardent and constant in his affections, he was a most ten- 
 derly devoted husband and father; to him there was truly no 
 place like home. He was warm, generous, and confiding by 
 nature, a liberal and unselfish friend, a kind neighbor, and 
 public-spirited citizen, whose integrity and honesty were 
 beyond question. Outspoken and straightforward in all his 
 dealings, sincere in all he said or did, wholly without guile, 
 and an entire stranger to duplicity, and intrigue. In all 
 matters of public concern he was conspicuous for a manly 
 independence of thought, and his opinions were always care- 
 fully formed, fearlessly expressed, and firmly maintained. 
 In the Senate, the Cabinet, his office or his home, he was 
 always the same accessible, easy, and courteous gentleman 
 towards all who approached him. As early as 1835 he 
 attained a high reputation for professional skill and know- 
 ledge and was retained in most important cases. His early 
 success and popularity in his profession was owing no less to 
 his powers as an advocate than to his knowledge of the 
 principles of law and his familiarity with the proceedings of 
 courts. He possessed a naturally vigorous mind, cultivated 
 by close study and severe thought, until it was distinguished 
 by the amplitude of its grasp and the delicacy of its tact. 
 He had a most extraordinary quickness of perception, united 
 to the close and clear reasoning of the logician. He was 
 an ardent and eloquent speaker, his language copious and
 
 150 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 chaste, arid his arguments concise and forcible. His style 
 was manly and perspicuous, evincing great sagacity and 
 reflection by the clearness and ability with which he handled 
 and discussed practical questions. He would gather the 
 points involved in a discussion by intuition, and his compre- 
 hensiveness of view always led him to accurate generaliza- 
 tion. As a lawyer he would have been called great in any 
 age or country ; as a citizen, he was watchful of its good and 
 obedient to its laws." 
 
 At the March term, 1837, Judge Ralston presiding, Wil- 
 liam Perkins and Theophilus L. Dickey were admitted to 
 the bar. The latter was then a young man of brilliant 
 talents and fine oratorical powers. In 1840 he engaged in 
 the newspaper business in Rushville, but soon abandoned it 
 and resumed his profession. He removed to Ottawa in this 
 state a few years later, and there he has made his home to 
 the present. He rose rapidly in his profession, and in 1876 
 was elected to a position on the supreme bench of the state 
 and at present is the chief justice of the court. Horace S. 
 Cooley, a young lawyer and native of Maine, came to Rush- 
 ville in 1840, and remained a few years, then removed to 
 Quincy, Illinois. In 1846 he was elected secretary of state, 
 and served under Gov. French's administration. He was a 
 well-educated and bright young man. A lawyer of the name 
 of Hewitt, of the Springfield bar, practiced for several years 
 in this court. He is better remembered by his pleading law 
 in the courts during the week, and preaching Campbellite 
 doctrine on the Sabbath. He was quite an orator, but not 
 much of a lawyer. 
 
 William Hinneman, son of Gen. Hinnemanof revolu- 
 tionary fame, was a native of New York. He came to 
 Rushville about 1850, and practiced law for several years. 
 
 Daniel T. Berry was a native of Schuyler county, and 
 was here admitted to the bar. He went to California, and 
 there died. Hon. Jesse M. McCutcheon was one of the 
 early lawyers at this bar. He represented Schuyler county 
 in the Eleventh General Assembly, 1838-40. In 1846 he 
 abandoned the practice and engaged in farming. De Witt 
 C. Johnston was a native of Ohio, and there read law and 
 was admitted to the practice. Prior to that, however, he 
 had been regularly ordained a minister of the gospel, and 
 was stationed on a circuit in the Southern States, and for a 
 considerable portion of that time was resident minister in * 
 charge of a congregation at New Orleans. He came to 
 Rushville in 1852, and a few years later engaged in editing 
 a newspaper. In 1859 he was appointed States' attorney 
 pro tern. He served one term as county judge, and also one 
 term as county clerk. He was not a profound lawyer, but 
 rather a fair average one. His strong points consisted in 
 his powers as an orator, which were much above the average, 
 and the faculty of gathering the strong points of evidence in 
 a case, and presenting it in a forcible manner to the court 
 or jury. He was an adept in the use of language, in which 
 abounded beautiful metaphors, glowing and well-rounded 
 periods, but which frequently lacked logic, solidity and 
 compactness, very essential features when addressed to courts 
 or juries. He was eccentric in his manners, though a kind- 
 hearted and generous friend. 
 
 During William A. Minshall's term as circuit judge, 
 Robert S. Blackwell was states' attorney. He was an able 
 lawyer and prosecutor. In 1853 he removed to Chicago 
 and there die*L He was the author and compiler of a text 
 book known as " Blackwell on Tax Titles," which is re- 
 garded as standard authority upon that subject, and is held 
 in high repute by the bar of the state. In connection with 
 judges Seates and Treat of the supreme court he compiled 
 the statutes of Illinois- 
 
 Between the years of 1840 and 1845 the witty and 
 eloquent U. F. Snider practiced at the Schuyler bar. He 
 was a resident of Rushville for a short time, and moved 
 from here to Charleston in Coles county. 
 
 L. H. Waters was a Kentuckian by birth and a resident 
 of Macomb ia McDonough county, when he attended the 
 courts in this county. In 1858, he was appointed states' 
 attorney for the circuit to fill out the unexpired term of 
 Hon. John S. Bailey, who had been elected judge of the cir- 
 cuit. He continued in office until the fall of 1860. Soon 
 after the breaking out of the late war, he entered the ser- 
 vice and was appointed and commissioned colonel of the 
 84th regiment Illinois volunteer infantry. After the close 
 of the war he returned to Macomb, aud a few years later 
 removed to Kansas City. At present he is United States' 
 District Attorney for Northern Missouri. 
 
 Thomas E. Morgan was a resident of Macomb. He was 
 elected states' attorney for the circuit in 1860, and in 1864 
 was re-elected and served until 1868. He was a vigorous 
 aud efficient prosecutor and able lawyer. He died in 
 Macomb a few years ago. James Johnston, a lawyer and 
 resident of Fulton county, practiced regularly for some years 
 at this bar. He was states' attorney pro tern, for several 
 terms of the court while Judge Purple was on the bench. 
 
 William Elliott was a resident of Fulton county, and 
 was public prosecutor for a number of years. He served in 
 that capacity when Judge Lott and Judge Douglas were on 
 the bench in the fifth circuit 
 
 Hon. L. W. James, now of Peoria, Illinois, practiced law 
 for many years in Schuyler county. He was a resident of 
 Rushville. He was regarded as an able lawyer and an ex- 
 cellent pleader. He represented the county in the Twenty- 
 fourth General Assembly in 1864-66. At that time he was 
 a resident of Lewiston, in Fulton county. In 1868 he was 
 elected State's Attorney for the circuit. At the close of his 
 term in 1872 he removed to Peoria, where he has, by dili- 
 gence and the exercise of his abilities, risen to a prominent 
 position in the profession, and is regarded as one of the 
 able lawyers of the State- 
 Mr. James was succeeded by E. P. Vail, who was the first 
 State's Attorney elected under the new law establishing 
 County Attorneys. He was elected in 1872, and served until 
 1876. In 1877 he removed to Decatur, at which place he 
 has built up a reasonably lucrative practice. 
 
 James Laws Anderson, an old lawyer and successful 
 practitioner, was a Scotchman by birth. He came to Rush- 
 ville about 1840. He was elected probate judge for several 
 terms. By his long experience in that capacity he became 
 a most excellent judge of probate law. He formed a law
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 151 
 
 partnership with Hon. John C. Bagby, which continued for 
 a number of years. He died in August, 1865. 
 
 Edgar Anderson, his son, read law in the office of Bag- 
 by & Anderson, and was admitted to the bar in 1863. He 
 formed a partnership with his preceptor after the death of 
 his father, and remained in the practice until his death in 
 1879. 
 
 Henry S. Metz was a native of Schuyler county- He 
 read law with Hon. P. H. Walker, and was admitted to the 
 bar in 1868. He died in 1881. He was a young man of 
 much promise, but unfortunately had contracted habits that 
 led to his untimely death. 
 
 PRESENT MEMBERS OF THE SCHUYLER BAR. 
 
 The oldest lawyer and practitioner at the bar in Schuyler 
 county is Hon. John C. Bagby. He is a native of Kentucky, 
 and was educated at Glasgow and Beacon College in that 
 state. He read law with Judge Christopher Tompkins, of 
 Glasgow, aiid was admitted to the bar in 1846. The same 
 year he came to Illinois and settled in Rushville, where he 
 opened a law office and has continued in the practice to the 
 present- In 1874 he was elected to represent his district in 
 Congress, and served with distinction in that body. At pre- 
 sent he is Master in Chancery. He is a matter-of-fact law- ] 
 yer, an excellent special pleader, and has been for many 
 years in possession of a large and lucrative practice. He 
 is recognized as the best lawyer at the bar of Schuyler 
 county. 
 
 Hon. Efhraim J. PEMBERTONisa native of Kentucky. 
 He came with his father's family to Schuyler county in 1836. 
 He commenced the study of law in 1859, in the office of ! 
 Hon. D. W. C. Johnson, and was admitted to the bar in 
 December, 1861. He has been elected County Judge sev- 
 eral terms, and at present is acting in that official capacity, 
 in which he has merited the esteem 1 and increased re- 
 spect of those who honored him with their suffrages. 
 
 Sylvanus B. Montgomery is a native of Rushville. He 
 received his education in the schools of his native town. He 
 read law in the office of Hon. John C. Bagby, and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1872. The same year he was appointed 
 Master in Chancery. In 1876, he was elected State's Attor- 
 ney, and in 1880, was re-elected. He is regarded as a vigi- 
 lant and successful prosecutor and good lawyer. 
 
 Stephen E. Carlin is a native of Fulton county, Illinois. 
 He received his legal education in the Law Department of 
 the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and graduated 
 in the class of 1868. In January, 1877, he commenced the 
 practice in Rushville. He is a diligent student, and has a 
 bright future before him. 
 
 David H. Glass is a native of Indiana. He was educated 
 in the Wabash College at Crawfordsville. In 1871, he 
 came to Mt. Sterling, in Brown county, and read law in the 
 office of Hon. William L. Vandeventer ; then entered the 
 Law Department of the University of Iowa, at Iowa City, 
 and graduated ; and was admitted to the practice in the 
 Iowa courts. He returned home, and in 1878, came to 
 Rushville, and commenced the practice in connection with 
 S. B. Montgomery. He is of studious habits, and, in time, 
 
 we hope to see him advance and honor the profession of 
 which he has become a member. 
 
 the bench of brown county. 
 
 The County of Brown was erected in 1839. It comprised 
 a part of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, from its first organiza- 
 tion until 1872, when it became a part of the Eleventh. In 
 1877, when the circuits were consolidated, and the Appellate 
 Courts were organized, it became a part of the Sixth circuit. 
 The first term of the Circuit Court was held in Mt. Sterling, 
 April 6th, 1840 The officers of the court were Hon. Peter 
 Lott, Judge ; William Elliott, State's Attorney ; James M. 
 Burt, Circuit Clerk ; and Elisha Davis, Sheriff. At the 
 April term, 1842, Hon. Stephen A. Douglas presided as 
 Judge. He continued in the circuit until the September 
 term, when Hon. Jesse B. Thomas was appointed Judge of 
 the circuit. At the April term, 1845, Hon. Richard M. 
 Young, who had been Judge of the Fifth Judicial Circuit 
 from 1829 to 1837, presided on change and for Judge 
 Thomas. On the 8th of September, 1845, Hon. Norman 
 Purple came to the beuch, and continued Judge of the cir- 
 cuit until in 1848, when he was succeeded by Hon. William 
 A. Miushall, who was elected Judge of the circuit. 
 
 Judge Minshall died before his term expired, and Hon. 
 P. H. Walker was elected to fill the vacancy. He held his 
 first term of court in Mt. Sterling in April 1853. In 1855 
 Walker was elected for the full term. In 1858 he resigned 
 the judgeship of the circuit to accept a seat on the supreme 
 bench, tendered him by Governor Bissell. A special elec- 
 tion was called to fill the vacaucy. Hon. John S Bailey, a 
 former resident and lawyer of Mt. Sterling, was elected. 
 He was then serving his second term as state's attorney for 
 the circuit. Judge Bailey retired in 1861, when he was 
 succeeded by Hon. Chauncey L. Higbee, who continued 
 judge of the circuit until 1877, or until the circuits were 
 consolidated, when he became one of the judges of the ap- 
 pellate court. At the special election in 1877 Hon. 8. P. 
 Shope was elected judge of the circuit which had under the 
 new organization been changed to the sixth. In 1879, Judge 
 Shope was elected for the full term, and at present is one of 
 the three judges who preside in this circuit. 
 
 As will be seen by the foregoing, Brown county has 
 since its organization been in the same circuit with Schuyler 
 county, consequently the sajne judges presided in both. 
 We have given a slight sketch of each on the bench in 
 Schuyler and deem a repetitun here unpecessaiy. 
 
 the past bar of brown county. 
 The members of the Quincy, Pittsfield, Rushville, Jack- 
 sonville and a few of the Springfield bar were the attorneys 
 during the first courts of Brown county. Prominent among 
 the foreign attorneys who frequented the early courts, were 
 Judge C. Skinner, O. H. Browning, Archie Williams, I. 
 N. Morris, Calvin Warren, Jack Grimshaw, Daniel M. Gil- 
 mer, William Brown, C. L. Higbee and members of the 
 Rushville bar. Among the resident lawyers of Brown 
 county thirty-five years ago, was Hon. John S. Bailey. He 
 was admitted to the bar in Mt.Sterling in 1842. He rep-
 
 152 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 resented Brown and Schuyler counties in the Fifteenth | 
 General Assembly, 1846-48. A more extended sketch of 
 him will be found in the Bench of Schuyler county. 
 
 James W. Singleton, now of Quincy, Illinois, was among 
 the early settlers of Mt. Sterling. He was engaged in mer- 
 cantile business as well as the law. He represented Brown j 
 county in the Seventeenth General Assembly, 1850-52. 
 
 James B. Moore was one of the early members of the 
 Brown county bar, and is yet a resident of Mt. Sterling. 
 During the late war he raised a company of men and was 
 elected captain. He entered into active service and did 
 gallant and meritorious work for the Union. After the war 
 he returned home. He never regained his practice, which 
 before the war was extensive and lucrative, and of late 
 years owing to physical disabilities has been compelled to 
 abandon it entirely. Thirty years ago he was regarded as 
 a good lawyer, and stood in the front rank of attorneys in 
 this circuit 
 
 L. B. Wheat came to Mt. Sterling in 1843, and re- 
 mained until 1862, then removed to Leavenworth, Kansas. 
 He was a good lawyer. 
 
 James S. Irwin was admitted to the bar of Brown county 
 in 1842, and remained in the practice here until 1862, when 
 he removed to Pittsfield, in Pike county, Ills., where he 
 still resides and practices his profession. He is a man of 
 considerable ability and legal information, and is one of the 
 leading s.nd prominent attorneys of Pike county. 
 
 A young man by the name of Thomas Payne practiced 
 law in Mt. Sterling about the year 1848. He remained but 
 a short time. 
 
 William C. Wagley, of Warsaw, Ills., practiced in the 
 courts of this county from 1848 to 1852. 
 
 William L. and Eugene Gross, brothers, both lawyers, 
 came to Mt. Sterling and remained until 1858 or 1859, then 
 removed to Springfield. 
 
 A lawyer by the name of Peter Staats came to Mt. Ster- 
 ling in 1872, and remained here a short time ; then removed 
 to Pike county. 
 
 The county has not been prolific of lawyers, and at no 
 time has the profession been over-crowded, as in most 
 counties. 
 
 present members of the bar. 
 
 Hon. William L. Vandeventer, may be regarded as the 
 oldest practitioner at the Brown county bar. He is a native 
 of Mt. Sterling, and was educated in the common schools 
 and academy of his native town. The most of his education 
 is self-culture. In 1857 he commenced reading law in the 
 office of L. B. Wheat, and was admitted to the bar Septem- 
 ber 17th, 1859, and immmediately thereafter commenced 
 the practice in Brown and surrounding counties. He rose 
 rapidly in his profession, and is now confessedly at the head 
 of the bar in his native county. In 1861 he was appointed 
 master in chancery, and has held the office up to the present. 
 
 He was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention 
 of 1870-71, 'and in 1876 represented his district in the 
 Legislature. He is an able lawyer and a superior advo- 
 cate. 
 
 Nelson Loa'ett is a native of Maine, and was educated in 
 the Gorham Seminary. He came west to Bloomington, Illi- 
 nois, and there read law in the office of General Asahel 
 Gridley. Subsequently he read law in the office of Hon. 
 Amasi Mc Williams, of the same city, and was admitted to 
 the bar in 1853. He commenced the practice in Mt. Ster- 
 ling in 1860. He has confined himself to the general prac- 
 tice, in which he has been very successful. 
 
 Alexander H Lowry is a native of Pennsylvania. He 
 came west at an early age, and settled in Powesheik county, 
 Iowa, where he read law and was admitted to the bar. He 
 commenced the practice in McDonough county, Illinois. In 
 1861 he came to Mt. Sterling. The same year he was elected 
 county superintendent of schools. In 1863 he was elected 
 couuty treasurer, but soon after resigned and went to Cali- 
 fornia. He returned to M r . Sterling in 1867, and resumed 
 the practice of law. He has no specialties, but engages in 
 the general practice. 
 
 Joseph M. Lowry read law in the office of A. H. Lowry 
 and was admitted to the practice in Brown county. In 
 1872 he was elected States' Attorney for the county, but re- 
 signed before the expiration of his term of office He has 
 since that time abandoned the practice. 
 
 John J. Teefey, the present efficient States' Attorney, is a 
 native of Ireland. The family emigrated to America and set- 
 tled in Brown county while he was yet young. He read law 
 in the office of Nelson Loveitt of Mt. Sterling then entered 
 the law department of the University of Iowa, at Iowa City, 
 and graduated in the class of 1874. The same year he com- 
 menced the practice in Mt. Sterling. In 1875 he was elected 
 to fill the vacancy in the office of States' Attorney, caused by 
 the resignation of "Joseph M. Lowry. In 1876 he was elec- 
 ted for the full term, and in 1880 reelected. He is an able, 
 vigilant and successful prosecutor. 
 
 John J. McDannold is a native of Illinois. He received 
 his education in the public schools of Quincy. In 1872 he 
 entered the Law School in the Iowa State University, and 
 graduated in June, 1874. He commenced the practice in 
 Mt. Sterling the same year. He is a young lawyer of much 
 promise. At present he is Mayor of the City of Mt. Ster- 
 ling. 
 
 This, in brief, is a sketch of the past and present bench 
 and bar of Schuyler and Brown counties. We have gleaned 
 much of this information from the records and the best re- 
 collections of the present inhabitants and old settlers of both 
 I counties. We have carefully refrained from fulsome praise 
 of any one, believing that it is not coveted by the scholarly 
 or refined mind. The profession of law is unlike any other. 
 Nothing but true merit will win in it. The law is a jealous 
 mistress, and requires from her devotees their undivided at- 
 tention, best thoughts and energies if they would succeed.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 153 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 THE PRESS. • 
 
 BY D. MACKENZIE. 
 
 it|P 
 
 ^ 
 
 The Rushville Journal and Military Tract Advertiser, The Schuyler 
 Advocate, Illinois Republican, The Rush rille Whig, Prairie Telegraph, 
 Rushville Times, The Schuyler Democrat, The Schuyler Citizen, Prairie 
 Pioneer, Mount Sterling, Democrat, Mount Sterling Chronotype, The 
 Western Spy, Mount Sterlingl'nion, The Mount Sterling Record, Weekly 
 Gazette, The Mount Sterling Weekly Gazette, Brown County Democrat, 
 Illinois Weekly Message, Brown County Republican, The Versailles 
 Weekly Independent, The Brown Comity Gazette, The Farmer. 
 
 E are particularly indebted to Edwin 
 Dyson, editor and publisher of the Rush- 
 ville Times, for facts and dates relating 
 to the early history of the press in 
 Schuyler and Brown counties, who 
 kindly placed at our disposal copies of 
 the first newspaper published in Schuy- 
 ler and surrounding counties. From 
 them we have gleaned much of the in- 
 formation composed in this chapter. 
 We also desire to extend our thanks to Mr. Larash, of the 
 Citizen, and G. W. Scripps, its former editor and publisher, 
 for valuable information. In Brown county, we were placed 
 under obligations to Eugene C. Brockman, editor and pub- 
 lisher of the Illinois Weekly Message, at Mt. Sterling, who 
 gave us access to complete files of nearly all the papers pub- 
 lished in the county. From them we learned much of the 
 early history and trials attending the first attempt to estab- 
 lish a newspaper in Brown county. We also desire to ex- 
 tend our thanks to Hamilton Wash, James Wash, John J. 
 Teefey, H. K. Davis, editor and publisher of the Democrat. 
 Turner, Bros., publishers of the Gazette, and others for in- 
 formation which has enabled us to trace the history 
 of newspapers from their first establishment in the county in 
 the year 1835, down to the present time, and present it in 
 such a shape as we hope will prove acceptable to our many 
 readers. 
 
 That portion of Illinois known as the " military district," 
 in which is embraced both Schuyler and Brown counties, 
 was settled earlier thau many other portions of the State 
 lying as far north. Rushville, the county seat of Schuyler 
 county, forty years ago, was, to some extent the metropolis 
 of western Illinois, and for some years it was a mixed 
 question whether it, Peoria or Chicago, would become the 
 metropolis of the great west. As early as 1836, it contained 
 a population of fifteen hundred inhabitants. It was then 
 the distributing point for emigrants seeking homes in the 
 northern and western part of the country. In its laudable 
 efforts to become the metropolis of the west a newspaper was 
 an important and almost indispensable auxiliary to that 
 end, therefore at a comparatively early date an enterprise 
 looking to the establishment of a newspaper was set on foot. 
 Prior to this time the Missouri Republican was the only 
 paper that had any circulation in the " district," and upon 
 20 
 
 it the people depended for their information from the out- 
 side world. That was in the days of stage coaches, con- 
 sequently news was four or five days old upon its arrival in 
 Rushville. 
 
 On the 16th of May, 1835, the first paper ever printed 
 within the present confines of Schuyler county was issued. 
 It bore the name of 
 
 THE RUSHVILLE JOURNAL AND MILITARY TRACT 
 ADVERTISER. 
 
 In form it was a five column folio with wide columns. It 
 was organized by private capital, based upon a certain 
 amount of subscription pledged by business men and others. 
 It was edited and published by G. W. Davis & Co. G. W. 
 Davis was a practical printer. He lived in Cape Girardeau, 
 Mo. He bought the press in St. Louis, and brought it here. 
 R. W. Renfroe was the company. He was a young man. 
 Abraham Marshall, a lawyer, did the principal editing, and 
 he was assisted by others. The first page of the paper was 
 well filled with local and a few foreign advertisements, and 
 professional cards. Number twenty-four, of volume one, 
 contained the tax list of lands advertised to be sold for the 
 non-payment of taxes. Number thirty-three contained Gov- 
 ernor Duncan's message to the Legislature. We also see by 
 the columns of the Journal that as early as 1835 Rushville 
 was agitating the question of building a railroad. 
 
 The citizens then realized the immense advantage result- 
 ing from_these great thoroughfares in furnishing an outlet for 
 the surplus products of the soil and means of quick communi- 
 cation between distant points. But for some cause unknown 
 to the writer Rushville was doomed for many years there- 
 after to be an inland town, which fact we presume had much 
 to do in retarding its growth and preventing the fruition of 
 its hopes of being the proud metropolis of the west. 
 
 A few months after the paper was started it passed from 
 the hands of G. W. Davis & Co. into the possession of R. W. 
 Renfroe & Co., and by them was continued as an independ- 
 ent paper, neutral in politics. In the summer of 1886 can- 
 didates for the different offices to be voted on in the follow- 
 ing November announced their names, and in long, written 
 communications stated their superior qualifications, or rea- 
 sons why, in their opinion, they should receive the votes of 
 their fellow citizens. Some of them in glowing and eulo. 
 gistic terms set forth their eminent fitness for the office 
 solicited. Whether these communications were charged for 
 at so much a line, we are not informed, but hope they were, 
 for they would have been a source of much revenue to the 
 paper. Of one thing we are assured that candidates were as 
 plentiful in this country forty-five years ago as they are at 
 present, and their methods of appealing to the dear people 
 did not differ very materially from the present. 
 
 The entire tickets of both Democratic and Whig parties 
 were placed at the head of the paper. For Congress there 
 appear the names of John T. Stuart and William L. May. 
 For Legislature, John Ren, Jacob Vande venter, William 
 A. Minshall, Col. Harry Lester and William A. Richardson, 
 the latter afterwards United States Senator, and a prominent 
 and distinguished statesman of Illinois.
 
 164 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 In looking over the advertisers we find the names of some 
 parties who are still residents of the county, but the greater 
 portion have passed to that bourne from whence no traveler 
 returns. In those days the list of advertised letters remain- 
 ing in the post-office was much larger than at present This, 
 in a measure, is accounted for from the fact that the mails 
 were slow and irregular, and the postage was paid on receipt 
 of letter, which was more than double what it is at present 
 and this fact may have had much to do in increasing the list 
 to what would seem an unusually large number. 
 
 The columns of the Journal were much occupied with the 
 news from Texas. That State had asserted her independ- 
 ence and thrown off the yoke of Mexico, and was then pass- 
 ing through a sanguinary struggle in order to maintain her 
 position as a free and independent State. Her troubles cul- 
 minated in her annexation to the United States and the war 
 with Mexico. 
 
 For the benefit of our young readers we mention a fact 
 gathered from the columns of the Journal to show the slow- 
 ness of the mails, and what length of time it required for 
 news to travel from the east to the west With the issue of 
 the Journal on the 23d of July, 1836, the sad news of the 
 death of President Madison was made known to the people 
 of the west He died June 28th, 1836. The news was 
 twenty-five days in reaching Rushville from Washington. 
 
 In the same paper is published the Act of the Legislature 
 to continue the national road from Vandalia, Illinois, to the 
 Mississippi river, in the direction of Jefferson City, Missouri. 
 That road was then the great thoroughfare between the east 
 and the west. 
 
 On the 30th of July, 1836, R. W. Renfroe sold his inter- 
 est to Dr. Adams Dunlap, who had been connected with the 
 paper since the withdrawal of Davis. He continued the 
 Journal for several months then sold it to Benjamin J. Teel, 
 who purchased it for Mr. J. B. Fulks. The office was 
 closed for a short time and then Mr. Fulks commenced the 
 publication of 
 
 THE SCHUYLER ADVOCATE. 
 
 The first number appeared May 27th, 1837. It was a six 
 column folio. During the same year the tax lists of Han- 
 cock county were printed in a twenty-four page pamphlet 
 form in the Advocate office. Dr. Dunlap of the Journal 
 printed in same form the same year the tax lists of Knox 
 and Henry counties, Illinois, prior to selling the office out to 
 Mr. Teel. In February, 1838, the Advocate passed into the 
 hands of R. A. Glenn and T. Lyle Dickey, the latter now 
 one of the judges on the supreme bench of the State. They 
 changed the name to 
 
 THE TEST, 
 
 and made it the organ of the Whig party. The paper was 
 continued until the twenty-eighth number, then suspended, 
 and the office remained closed for three months, then one 
 more issue was made, after which the Ttst ceased entirely. 
 In the last issue, number twenty-nine, the editors, in a card 
 to the public, state the reasons and recite the causes that 
 have led to the suspension of the paper. They say " The 
 causes which have conspired to bring about this event are 
 
 numerous. The principal one, however, has been the great 
 difficulty in collecting our dues which are indispensably 
 necessary to enable us to carry on the concern." They also 
 state that " the press and material belonging to the office have 
 passed into the hands of J. B. Fulks, the former proprietor, 
 who will, we understand, commence the publication of a 
 weekly paper in this place in a short time." The office, as 
 per agreement, passed into Fulk's hands. It was closed un- 
 til the winter of 1839, when it was sold to A. R. Sparks, 
 and by him was issued the 
 
 ILLINOIS REPUBLICAN. 
 
 The first number of the new paper appeared December 
 14th, 1839. It was, in form, a six-column folio — the col- 
 umns sixteen ems wide. In politics it was Democratic. Mr. 
 Sparks continued the publication of the paper until April 
 9th, 1840, when it passed into the possession of James L. 
 Anderson. He changed the name to the 
 
 THE POLITICAL EXAMINER. 
 
 It was then made a five-column folio. It supported John 
 T. Stuart for Congress. 
 
 This Congressional District then embraced forty-eight 
 counties, and was the largest in the United States. It con- 
 tained a population of two hundred and eighty-five thou- 
 sand three hundred and twenty-nine inhabitants. Mr. 
 Anderson continued the Examiner until October 1, 1843, 
 when the name was changed to 
 
 THE RCSHVILLE WHIG. 
 
 The latter paper continued until 1844, when it sus- 
 pended. From this date until 1848 Rushville and Schuyler 
 county were without a newspaper. On the 8th of July, 
 1848, the 
 
 PRAIRIE TELEGRAPH 
 
 was established. It was edited by B. F. Scripps and R. 
 R. Randall. The Telegraph passed from their hands into 
 the possession of John Scripps and his son, J. C. Scripps. 
 The date of the transfer was in 1850. It was then a six 
 column folio. Messrs. Scripps and son published the paper 
 until 1854, when the press and type were destroyed bv fire. 
 J. C. Scripps went to St. Louis and purchased an outfit, 
 shipped it to Rushville and resumed the publication. The 
 office was then sold to a stock company, J. C. Scripps 
 retaining an interest in the paper. The stockholders se- 
 lected DeWitt Clinton Johnston as editor to conduct the 
 paper. They took charge on the 24th of May, 1 856, when 
 they issued the first number. They changed the name to 
 the 
 
 RUSHVILLE TIMES. 
 
 It was the organ of the Democratic party, and the lead- 
 ing and prominent men of that political organization in the 
 county were the stockholders. Messrs. Scripps & Johnston 
 conducted the paper until 1859, when both retired, and 
 Andrew J. Ashton took charge for the Company. Mr. 
 Johnston was a lawyer by profession. He originally, before 
 coming to Rushville, which was in 1852, had been in the
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ministry ; he abandoned that for the law. He was an able 
 and fluent writer, and gave the Times a high standing 
 among the Democratic journals of Illinois. Mr. Ashton 
 was succeeded by A. D. Davis, who held control for three 
 years. He some time after was elected superintendent of 
 schools, and was in other ways honored by his fellow-citizens; 
 but no withstanding these repeated honors, he turned away 
 from an honorable career and went to the bad. He was 
 succeeded in the management by J. C Fox, and he in turn 
 by Ethan Allen Snively, now Clerk of the Supreme 
 Court Central Grand Division of Illinois. 
 
 During a great portion of this time, while owned by the 
 stock company, Charles McCrosky had been foreman in the 
 office, and had acquired a lien on it. In order to collect 
 his money he had foreclosed his lien, and the office was sold 
 out by the sheriff, and at the sale it was purchased by 
 Edwin Dyson, the present editor and proprietor. When 
 Mr. Snively took possession of the office for the Company, 
 he added four or five hundred dollars' worth of type and 
 material ; this was also purchased by Mr. Dyson. The pre- 
 sent proprietor took possession and issued the first number 
 of the Times July 2, 18 >8, and from that time to the 
 present has edited the paper and remained sole proprietor. 
 In January, 1872, the paper was changed from a folio to a 
 five column quarto, which form it still retains. 
 
 Mr. Dyson is a practical printer. He learned the trade 
 at the office of the Schuyler Democrat, and has followed the 
 business to the present time. He is a good newspaper 
 manager and was the first to introduce method and busi- 
 ness tact iuto the office, and we may add, the first to bring 
 the paper up to a paying basis. As a newspaper writer he 
 is cons derably above the average, and has demonstrated 
 his ability to give to the people of Schuyler county a paper 
 of which they may well be proud, and to whose support they 
 can most graciously contribute. 
 
 THE SCHUYLER DEMOCRAT. 
 
 The office of the Democrat was purchased by the leading 
 Democrats of Schuyler county in the early spring of 18-54. 
 The first issue was made April, 20th, 1854. It was edited 
 by Daniel E. H. Johnson. He afterward added the name 
 of Brown County Advertiser to the Democrat. The reason 
 for this action was, that he printed the tax list of Brown 
 county in the year 1855. Mr. Johnson continued in the of- 
 fice until in the summer of 1856, when the paper was sold to 
 G. W. Scripps. 
 
 Some time prior to this the Kansas-Nebraska troubles 
 had commenced. There was a growing sentiment in the 
 county that demanded that there must be no further exten- 
 sion of slavery and that it must be confined to where it al- 
 ready existed. There was considerable number of voters in the 
 county who were known as Free Soilers, but were without a 
 national organization. There were other factions that were 
 extremists in their political views, and were only waiting 
 for some organization to be effected to which they could ally 
 their forces. And in that manner their views receive recog- 
 nition, and by the union of forces hope for political suprem- 
 acy. The constant aggressions of the slavery party drove 
 
 these factions together, and in 1856 the young and aggressive 
 Republican party for the first time in its history formed a 
 national organization and presented a ticket at whose head 
 was John C. Fremont. There were few members of the 
 party in Schuyler county, but the principles presented in the 
 platform of the new party were in unison with the half 
 formed thought of the 'north. To properly present these 
 principles of the party a newspaper was necessary. There- 
 fore, with that purpose in view, Mr. Scripps purchased the 
 press and type, and on the 6th of July, 1856, issued the first 
 number of The Schuyler Citizen. We may here add that 
 from that time to the present the Citizen has been the recog- 
 nized organ of the Republican party in Schuyler county 
 and one of the able journals of the old Tenth, now the 
 Eleventh Congressional District. Mr. Scripps continued 
 editor and publisher until 1865, when he leased the office to 
 Messrs. Clark & Sweeney. They retained possession for 
 several years. It was then sold to C. N. Whitney. He de- 
 faulted in the payments, and on the 1st of October, 1868, the 
 office fell back into the hands of Mr. Scripps, its original 
 owner, who edited and published the Citizen until April 1st, 
 1879, when he sold it to W. I. Larash, its present editor and 
 proprietor, 
 
 Mr. Larash is also a practical printer. He learned the 
 trade in the office of the Tazewell Republican in Pekin, 111. 
 He was afterwards associated with " Bob " Burdette, (the 
 humorist of the Burlington Hawkeye) J. M. Cochran and 
 four other printers in the publication of the Peoria Daily 
 Review, a paper published upon the co-operative plan. He 
 worked as a compositor in different places, and came to 
 Rushville in 1875 and took charge of the mechanical de- 
 partment of the Citizen, which position he retained until he 
 became the owner. Mr. Larash is yet young in the editorial 
 harness, but notwithstanding he wields a graceful and vig- 
 orous pen, and has kept the Citizen up to the high standard 
 of excellence given it by his predecessor. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY. 
 The first newspaper established in Brown county was 
 
 called the 
 
 PRAIRIE PIONEER. 
 
 Its founder and editor was. John Bigler, afterwards Gov- 
 ernor of California and brother of William A. Bigler, Gov- 
 ernor of Pennsylvania. The first issue was made in the 
 summer of 1848. It was democratic in politics, and hoisted 
 the name of Lewis Cass for the presidency. There are still 
 citizens living in Mt. Sterling who recollect when it was first 
 issued. A printing presswas a novelty in those days. When 
 the day was learned on which the press would be set to run- 
 ning for the first time, nearly all the people of the town were 
 on hand to see it in operation. It is difficult to imagine the 
 furore and enthusiasm with which the appearance of the 
 Pioneer was greeted. It was the first actual step beyond 
 frontier life. Soon the press was to give to the county name 
 and fame among its contemporaries. The citizens of Mt.
 
 156 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Sterling had come to hail the appearance of the newspaper. 
 As stated before it was strongly democratic in politics, and 
 left no doubt of the views of its editor upon the current 
 topics of the day. Mr. Bigler continued editor and propri- 
 etor until he went to California. He sold the Pioneer to the 
 County Clerk, who engaged Mr. P. L. Shutt to edit it. The 
 latter was a young man, a clerk in the office of Gen. Cooley, 
 Secretary of State, at Springfield. He continued editor for 
 eight months, then Mr. George S. Meyers published it, and 
 J. B. Moore became the editor. In form the Pioneer was a 
 six column folio, and contained very few advertisements, 
 and those were nearly all foreign, and of the patent medi- 
 cine order. 
 
 The paper and its functions passed into the hands of E. T. 
 Hollister, who changed the name to the 
 
 MOUNT STERLING DEMOCRAT, 
 
 the first number of which was issued August 14th, 1851, 
 James R. Bailey was the editor. In 1852 the Democrat 
 hoisted at its masthead the name of Stephen A. Douglas for 
 president, subject to the decision of the Democratic National 
 Convention. Mr. Bailey afterwards obtained control of the 
 paper. He changed the name from the Democrat to the 
 
 MOUNT STERLING CHRONOTYPE. 
 
 He conducted the paper until the fall of 1855, when its 
 publication was suspended for a short time, then A. L. 
 Snow brought a press and type from Beardstown, and issued 
 The Western Spy. The first issue was made February. 24, 
 1856. G- W. Gross, then reading law in the office of Judge 
 Samuel G. Black, was associate editor. In 1857 it was sold 
 to B. H. Irwin, and afterwards sold to Messrs. Nicholson & 
 Shurtleff, and by them moved to Beardstown. There was, 
 for a short time, no paper published in the county. The 
 mutteriugs of the political storm that was gathering in 1856 
 were heard throughout the length and breadth of the land. 
 The Democratic party was warned that the young and ag- 
 gressive Republican party had effected a national organiza- 
 tion and would for the first time, in organized shape, con- 
 tend for the supremacy and control of the nation. A news- 
 paper was needed to call in the guards, fill up the ranks and 
 be prepared to resist the encroachments of this new enemy to 
 the great Democratic party. Two young men, by the names 
 of Robert A. Glenn and J. R, Gordon, with commendable 
 industry and enterprise undertook to establish a Democratic 
 organ in Brown county. On the 10th of July, 1856, the 
 'first number of the 
 
 MOUNT STERLING UNION 
 
 made its appearance. Its motto was " Put none but white 
 men on guard. " It was a neat seven column folio. It 
 hoisted the names of Buchanau and Breckinridge for presi- 
 dent and vice president, and William A. Richardson for 
 Governor of the state, and Richard Hamilton for Lieut. 
 Governor. The remainder of the state ticket was, for Audi- 
 tor, Samuel K. Casey; Sec. of State, William H. Snyder; 
 for Congress, Isaac N. Morris ; for Representatives to the 
 
 Legislature, John R. Grimes aud KiDg Kerley. The county 
 ticket was Sheriff, William L. Taylor; Circuit Clerk, A. A. 
 Glenn. On the 14th of August of the, tame year in which 
 the Union was started, Glenn withdrew from the paper. 
 His place was supplied by John C. O'Neil. On the 15th of 
 April, 1857, Gordon sold his interest to his former partner, 
 R. A. Glenn. The firm of Glenn & O'Neil continued until 
 the 24th of July of the same year, when O'Neil retired, and 
 Mr. Glenn conducted the paper until the 15th of August 
 following, when the publication was suspended. The office 
 remained closed until October 1st, when J. C. O'Neil took 
 possession aud continued editor and publisher until February 
 28th, 1861, when his brother, Martin O'Neil, became a part- 
 ner in the concern under the firm name of J. C O'Neil & 
 Brother. This arrangement continued but a few weeks, 
 when Martin retired. John C continued publishing the 
 Union until his death, which occurred in the spring of 1863. 
 The press, type fixtures and subscription list were then sold, 
 and purchased by Martin and Samuel S. Brooks. They 
 changed the name from Union to 
 
 THE MOUNT STERLING RECORD. 
 
 At the time of the change it was a six column folio. On 
 the fourth of May, 1S66, they changed its form to a seven 
 column folio, and March 5th, 1868, increased it to an eight 
 column same form. The Brooks Brothers continued the 
 publication of the paper from 1803 to April 2d, 1879, 
 when they sold it to James S. H. Hambraugh, of Versailles, 
 Illinois. He changed the name to the 
 
 WEEKLY GAZETTE. 
 
 On the l:Jih of August the Gazette was iucreased to the 
 mammoth size of a nine column folio, which form it retained 
 until October 13ch, 1871 ; when, in consequence of the great 
 fire in Chicago which consumed the concern that printed 
 ;< outsides," the paper was cut down to a seven column and 
 all printed at home. At the same time the name was 
 changed to 
 
 THE MOUNT STERLING WEEKLY GAZETTE. 
 
 Hambraugh continued the publication with indifferent 
 success until January, 1872, when the paper was sold to 
 Gervis M. Russell. He following in the footsteps of his 
 predecessors changed the name to the 
 
 BROWN COUNTY DEMOCRAT. 
 
 He remained editor and proprietor until December 15th, 
 1874, when he sold out to H. K. Davis and S. N. Jones. 
 The latter's interest was purchased by his partner February 
 12th, 1875, since which time Mr. Davis has edited and pub- 
 lished the Democrat. When Mr. Davis took charge, the 
 paper was the organ of the Grange, and afterwards advocated 
 the principles and theories of the Greenback party. In the 
 presidential campaign of 1876 it supported Peter Cooj>er ; 
 in 1880 it came back to the Democratic party, and advocated 
 the claims of Winfield S- Hancock for the presidency. 
 
 Mr. Davis is one of the veteran printers and pioneer 
 journalists of the West. His father, Samuel H. Davis, was 
 also a printer. He established the Peoria Register and
 
 iflSTOEY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 157 
 
 Northwestern Gazetteer in Peoria as early as 1837- Henry 
 Kirk Davis, the present editor of the Democrat, was born 
 in Winchester, Virginia. He learned the printer's trade in 
 Baltimore, came West soon after, and in 1849 was engaged 
 in the publication of a paper in Peoria, Illinois, called the 
 Champion. In 1851-52 he published the Illinois State 
 Bull-tin at Bloomington, Illinois. From there he went to 
 Urbana, Illinois, where he and W. N. Coler published the 
 Urbana Union, which was the first paper ever printed in 
 Champaign Co;nty. Soon after he went to Washington, 
 where he received a Federal appointment under President 
 Pierce. In 1862 he organized and started the Union in 
 Lexington, Missouri, and in 1867 bought the Kansas City 
 Daily Advertiser. He afterwards published the Chartist, in 
 Paris, Texas, where he remained until 1 874, when he came 
 to Rushville and purchased the Democrat as above stated. 
 Mr. Davis is a strong, forcible writer, and in his many years 
 of experience as a newspaper man has learned much that is 
 valuable in a newspaper sanctum. 
 
 In 1871-72, the Democrats of Brown county became dis- 
 satisfied with Mr. Hambraugh's manner of conducting his 
 journal. He was of a visionary mind, and was more occu- 
 pied in making inventions than he was in conducting his 
 paper. Its management was given to young men who had 
 but little or no experience. The party wanted a live, wide- 
 awake newspaper, that would present the issues between the 
 two great parties in an able and vigorous manner. Not 
 being able to impress Mr. Hambraugh with their wants and 
 views, they made overtures to two young men, both practical 
 printers, named Henry A. Glenn and Eugene C. Brockman, 
 to start a paper, promising to give it a proper support. 
 The material and press were purchased new from McKellar, 
 Smith & Jordan, of Philadelphia, and the Boston Type 
 Ftmndry, and brought to Mt. Sterling, and on the 11th of 
 January, 1872, the first number of the 
 
 ILLINOIS WEEKLY MESSAGE 
 
 was issued. In their salutatory to the public, Messrs. Glenn 
 & Brockman declare themselves unalterably in favor of 
 Democratic priuciples, but also declare that "their views ex- 
 pressed in our columns must be a reflex of our oivn private 
 opinion." On the 27th of June, 1872, the form, which was 
 then an eight column folio, was changed to a five column 
 quarto, which form it still retains. The firm of Glenn & 
 Brockman continued until January 30th, 1873, when Martin 
 Brooks purchased Glenn's interest. The firm of Brooks & 
 Brockman was dissolved by mutual consent, January 10th, 
 1876, Mr. Brooks retiring from the firm. Mr. Brockman 
 has continued sole proprietor and editor from that time to 
 the present. He is a native of Mt. Sterling, and learned the 
 printer's trade in the office of the Record when under the 
 control of the Brooks Brothers. Under his management, 
 the Message has risen to be one of the potential Democratic 
 organs in the Military District. 
 
 The county of Brown has been for many years under the 
 political control of the Democratic party. That organiza- 
 tion is largely in the majority, — consequently, the establish- 
 ing of Republican newspapers has been attended with con- 
 siderable difficulty. The first effort to establish a paper 
 
 that would reflect the sentiments of the members of the Re- 
 publican party in Brown county was made in 1866. A 
 number of the prominent men of that organization sub- 
 scribed a liberal amount, and the press and materials were 
 purchased; and on the 4th of May, 1866, the first number 
 of the 
 
 BROWN COUNTY REPUBLICAN 
 
 was issued. It was a six column folio, neatly printed, and 
 presented quite an attractive appearance. J. S. Nicholson 
 was placed in charge as editor. He remained in charge 
 until November 23d, 1866, when he was succeeded by W. 
 O. L. Jewett. On the 18th of January, 1867, Mr. Higgins 
 became associated with Mr. Jewett in the management. 
 That arrangement continued until May 3d of the same year, 
 when Messrs. Barrett & Wilson took editorial charge. David 
 D. Wilson succeeded the latter firm June 28, 1867, and con- 
 tinued in control until the paper suspended. 
 
 THE VERSAILLES WEEKLY INDEPENDENT. 
 
 No. 1 of Vol. 1 was issued July 3d, 1877. Walker and 
 Mehl were the editors and proprietors. It was a small four- 
 column quarto, neutral in politics. It appeared semi-occa- 
 sionally, and closed entirely with the twenty-ninth number. 
 
 The last aspirant for journalistic honors in Brown county 
 is the 
 
 BROWN COUNTY GAZETTE. 
 
 The first number was issued October 14th, 1880, by C. B. 
 and F. G. Turner as editors and publishers. In form it was 
 a neat five-column quarto. April 20, 1882, it was changed, ' 
 and is now a six-column quarto. In politics it is Republi- 
 can. The material and presses were purchased new in Chi- 
 cago. The office is well fitted with the latest styles in type, 
 and also with a new improved Prouty power-press. 
 
 The Turner Bros, were formerly editors and publishers of 
 the Clayton Enterprise. They are both young in journalistic 
 experience, but from the evidence that the Gazette presents, 
 and their industrious habits, we have no doubt that, in time, 
 they will acquire both name and fame in the field of jour- 
 nalism. 
 
 THE FARMER, 
 
 A sixteen-page,sixty-four column paper, devoted to the in- 
 terests of agriculture and kindred subjects, is edited and 
 published monthly by F. G. Turner & Co. It is a neat 
 paper, and made its first appearance on the 1st day of June, 
 1882. It is issued from the Gazette office. 
 
 This, in- brief, is the history of journalism in Schuyler 
 and Brown counties. They have been fairly representative 
 of the progress and have kept pace with the business growth 
 of the county. It has numbered among its workers men of 
 culture and literary ability, several of whom afterward oc- 
 cupied positions of high honor and trust in the states of their 
 adoption. The influence and character of the county papers 
 have grown wi'h the material and intellectual growth of 
 those they have represented. No industry can show a better 
 record or number more patient or enthusiastic workers. To 
 them more than to. any other class belongs the honor of 
 building up the reputation that Schuyler and Brown coun- 
 ties possess and in which they delight.
 
 158 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 PATRIOTISM OF BROWN AND 
 SCHUYLER COUNTIES. 
 
 N relating a few of the 
 incidents of the Black 
 Hawk War, and before 
 entering into detail of 
 the causes and results 
 of it, we give our readers 
 a brief sketch of the 
 celebrated warrior who 
 figured so conspicuously 
 in those sanguinary 
 campaigns. Macuta Mahictah, is the 
 Indian name for Black Hawk. He was 
 born in the Sauk village in the year 
 1767, and was an Indian of considerable 
 talent and sagacity, shrewd and eloquent 
 in council ; he, however, deported him- 
 self in that demure, grave and formal 
 manner incident to almost all Indians. 
 It is said he possessed a mind of more 
 than ordinary strength, but slow and 
 ploddiDg in its operations. In compari- 
 son he could not be classed with the great 
 Indian characters, such as Philip, Brant, 
 Logan, Tecumseh, and such illustrious 
 men. By the portrait of him now ex- 
 tant, the reader of character will readily 
 observe in his large, high forehead, and 
 the lines worn by care in his face, mas- 
 sive jaws and compressed lips, a char- 
 acter indicative of more than ordinary 
 ability. His ambition was to distinguish 
 himself as a great warrior ; yet he was 
 merciful to the weak, the women and 
 children. The only road for an Indian 
 to distinguish himself and become a 
 great man, is in war. So soon as he 
 kills an enemy he may paint on his 
 blanket a bloody hand, which will en- 
 title him to a seat in the councils. In 
 1810 and 1811 Black Hawk and com- 
 rades were " nursing their wrath to keep 
 it warm " against the whites. A party 
 of Sacs, by invitation, weut to see the 
 prophet at Tippecanoe. They returned, 
 more angry against the Americans.' A 
 party of Winnebagoes had massacred 
 some whites, which excited for murder 
 the Sac band headed by Black Hawk. 
 A part of his band and some Winne- 
 bagoes attacked Fort Madison in 1811, 
 but were repulsed. Black Hawk head- 
 ed the Sacs in this attack. 
 
 In 1812 emissaries from the British Mississippi. This ended Black Hawk's 
 
 arrived at Rock Island with goods, and bravado, and his determination to die in 
 
 secured Black Hawk with five hundred his ancient village. The number of 
 
 warriors to go with Col. Dixon to Ca- warriors under his command was esti- 
 
 nada. When they reached Green Bay mated at from four to six hundred men. 
 
 there were assembled there bands of Black Hawk and his band landed on 
 
 the Ottowas, Pottawatomies, Winneba- the west side of the Mississippi, a few 
 
 goes and Kickapoos, under the com- miles below Rock Island, and there 
 
 mand of Col. Dixon. Black Hawk and camped. " Gen. Gaines sent a peremp- 
 
 band participated in the battles of River tory order to him and his warriors that 
 
 Raisin, the Lower Sandusky, and other if he and his men did not come to Rock 
 
 places, but getting dissatisfied with the Island and make a treaty of peace, he 
 
 hard fighting and small amount of spoils, would march his troops and give him 
 
 he, and twenty companions, left for the battle at once. * * * * In a few days 
 
 Sauk village at Rock Island, where he Black Hawk and the chiefs and head 
 
 remained for many years at peace, with j men to the number of twenty-eight, 
 
 the exception of a small battle on the 
 Quiver River settlement in Missouri, in 
 the present limits of St. Charles county, 
 where one white man and an Indian 
 were killed. 
 
 The principal cause of the Indian 
 troubles in 1831-'32, better known as 
 the Black Hawk war, was the deter- 
 
 appeared in Fort Armstrong, and on the 
 30th of June, 1831, in full council with 
 Gen. Gaines and Governor John Rey- 
 nolds, signed a treaty of peace." 
 
 THB BLACK-HAWK WAR IN 1832. 
 
 During the winter of '31-32 rumors 
 were rife that Black-Hawk and his band 
 mination of Black Hawk and his band , were dissatisfied, restless, and preparing 
 to remain in their ancient village, lo- ' for mischief. A chief of the Winnebago 
 cated on Rock River, not far from its Indians who had a village on Rock river, 
 junction with the Mississippi. The some thirty miles above its confluence 
 government having some time previous- with the Mississippi, joined Black-Hawk, 
 ly, by various treaties, purchased the who was located on the west bank of the 
 village and the whole country from the Father of Waters. The chief had great 
 Sac and Fox tribe of Indians, had some influence with Black-Hawk and his band, 
 of these lands surveyed, and in 1828 He made them believe that all the tribes 
 some of the lands in and around the on Rock river would join them, and that 
 ancient village were sold ; the collision together they could bid defiance to the 
 
 \ between the two races for the possession whites. By this unwise counsel Black- 
 of the property produced the first dis- Hawk resolved to recross the river, 
 turbance between the Indians and the which he did in the winter of 1832. 
 
 I government. Seeing that war was in- That move proved to be their destruc- 
 evitable, the Governor of Illinois made tion. Through his influence and zeal 
 a call on the militia of the state for Black-Hawk encouraged many of the 
 seven hundred men on the 26th of May, Sacs and Foxes to join him at the head 
 1831, and appointed Beardstown, on the of his determined warriors. He first as- 
 Illinois river, as the place of rendezvous, sembled them at old Fort Madison, on 
 The call was responded to with that the Mississippi ; subsequently, marched 
 promptness characteristic of the early them up the river to the Yellow Banks, 
 pioneers of the state. Their habits of where he pitched his tent April 6th, 
 life were such that all were familiar 1832. This armed array of savages soon 
 with the rifle. After marching eight alarmed the settlers, and a general panic 
 days, the mounted militia reached a spread through the whole frontier, from 
 point a few miles below the Sac village the Mississippi to Lake Michigan. Many 
 on the Mississippi, where they joined settlers in terror abandoned their homes 
 the United States forces under Gen. and farms, and the Governor decided, on 
 Gaines, and encamped in the evening, the 16th of April, to call out a large 
 The next morning the forces marched number of volunteers to operate in con- 
 up to an Indian town prepared to give junction with General Atkinson, who was 
 the enemy battle ; but in the night the in command of the regular forces at 
 Indians had escaped and crossed the Rock Island. The Governor ordered
 
 IVII 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 159 
 
 the troops to rendezvous at Beardstown tachments of Black Hawk's warriors 
 on the 22d of April. would persistently hang on the outskirts 
 
 The force marched to the mouth of of the main body of the army, thieve 
 Rock river, where General Atkinson re- : and plunder, and pounce upon and kill 
 ceived the volunteers into the United the lonely sentinel or straggling soldier. 
 States service and assumed command. On the 1 5th of July the soldiers were re- 
 Black-Hawk and his warriors were still ( viewed, and those incapable of duty were 
 upon the Rock river. , discharged and returned home. Poquette, 
 
 The army under Atkinson commenced a half-breed, and a Winnebago chief, 
 its march up the river on the 9th of May. j the " White Pawnee," were selected for 
 Gov. Reynolds, the gallant " Old Rang- guides to the camp of Black Hawk and 
 er," remained with the army, and the i band. Several battles and skirmishes 
 President recognized him as a Major- j occurred with the enemy, the principal of 
 General, and he was paid accordingly, which was on the banks of the Missis- 
 His presence did much toward harmo- j sippi, where the warriors fought with 
 nizing and conciliating those jealousies j great desperation • over one hundred and 
 which generally exist between volunteers fifty were killed in the engagement, and 
 and regular troops. Major John A. : large numbers drowned in attempting to 
 Wakefield and Col. Ewing acted as spies ; swim the river. After the battle the 
 for a time in the campaign of '32, to dis- volunteers were marched to Dixon, 
 cover the location of the enemy, if possi- ; where they were discharged. This ended 
 ble. A Mr. Kinney acted as guide for , the campaign and the Black-Hawk war. 
 them ; he understood the Sac dialect. On ' At the battle of the Bad Axe, Black- 
 the 1 4th May, 1832, Major Still man's Hawk and some of his warriors escaped 
 command had a sort of running battle the Americans, and went up the Wiscon- 
 with the Indians at or near what is now sin river, but he subsequently surrend- 
 known as Stillman's Run, a small slug- ered himself. Fort Armstrong, on Rock 
 gish stream ; in the engagement eleven ' Island, was the place appointed where a 
 white men and eight Indians were killed. [ treaty would be made with the Indians, 
 Black-Hawk and his • warriors fought but before it was effected that dreadful 
 with the spirit born of desperation. ! scourge, the cholera of '32, visited not 
 Black-Hawk says in his book that he only the regular army, depleting its 
 tried at Stillman's Run to call back his ranks far more rapidly than the balls of 
 warriors, as he thought the whites were j the Indians had done, but it also sought 
 making a sham retreat in order to draw out its victims in the dusky bands of 
 him into an ambuscade of the whole the Black-Hawk tribe, 
 army under Gen. Whiteside. The hasty , On the 15th September, 1832, a treaty 
 retreat and a rout of Stillman and his was made with the Winnebago Indians, 
 army was in a measure demoralizing to : They sold out all their lands in Illinois 
 the entire force ; undoubtedly the cause and all south of the Wisconsin river and 
 of the defeat was a lack of discipline. . west of Green Bay, and the government 
 When Gov. Reynolds learned of the dis- gave them a large district of country west 
 aster of Major Stillman, he at once order- . of the Mississippi and ten thousand dol- 
 ed out two thousand additional volun- ; lars a year for seven years, besides pro- 
 teers. With that promptitude charac- viding free schools for their children for 
 teristic of the old " War Governor," he j twenty years, oxen, agricultural imple- 
 wrote out by candle-light, on the eve- , ments, etc, etc. 
 
 ning of Stillman's defeat, the order for J September 21st, 1832, a treaty was ; 
 the additional troops, and by day-light made with the Sac and Fox tribes, on 
 despatched John Ewing, Robert Black- j which they ceded to the United States 
 well and John Wakefield to distribute ' the tract of country out of which, a few 
 the order to the various counties. The i years afterward, the State of Iowa was 
 volunteers again promptly responded. | formed. In consideration of the above j 
 On the 10th of July the army disbanded i cession of lands, the government gave 
 for want of provisions. Gen. Scott ar- 1 them an annuity of twenty thousand dol- 
 rived soon after with a large force at lars for thirty years, forty kegs of tobac- 
 the post of Chicago, to effect if possible co, and forty barrels of salt, more gun- 
 a treaty with the Indians. Small de- ! smiths, blacksmith shop, etc., etc., six 
 
 thousand bushels of corn for immediate 
 support, mostly intended for the Black- 
 Hawk band. 
 
 The treaties above mentioned termi- 
 nated favorably, and the security result- 
 ing therefrom gave a new and rapid im- 
 petus to the development of the slate, 
 and no*? enterprising towns and villages, 
 and beautiful farms adorn the rich and 
 alluvial prairies that before were only 
 desecrated by the wild bands who in- 
 habited them. 
 
 BLACK HAWK WAR. 
 
 Among the number, who then resided 
 in the territory, now comprising Brown 
 county, but then a portion of Schuyler 
 county, that responded to the first call 
 for troop3 made by Gov. Reynolds, May 
 26th, 1831, were: R.N. Curry, S. P. 
 O'Neal, Green McHatton, Daniel Ken- 
 drick, Matthew Alexander and John 
 Six, who enlisted in a company at 
 Rushville commanded by Captain Hart 
 Fellows. Also Philip S. Howes, John 
 Ausmus, Henry Ausmus, Samuel Hol- 
 liugsworth and Philip Ausmus, who 
 joined a company raised by Captaiu 
 Vance of the same town 
 
 Hostilities being again resumed in 
 1832, the Governor issued another call 
 for the troops to assemble at Beards- 
 town, on the 22d of April of that year. 
 The quoto of men required from Schuy- 
 ler county was one hundred and fifty, 
 the county then being under the militia 
 law of the state. The 23d day of April, 
 1832, was appointed as the day of mus- 
 tering the required number at Rushville. 
 either by voluntary enlistment or by draft. 
 About four hundred men met at Rush- 
 ville on that day ; and William Min- 
 shall, orator of the day, made a stirring 
 speech, setting forth the object of the 
 meeting ; and urged the men to come 
 forward and voluntarily enlist and shun 
 the braud of cowardice, which would 
 naturally attach itself to the county did 
 it permit a draft to be made. At the 
 close of his speech he ordered the crowd 
 to divide, the martial band to proceed, 
 and he at once fell into line as the first 
 man to enlist. Not an hour elapsed un. 
 til the requisite number of one hundred 
 and fifty men were enlisted. The com- 
 pany was organized by electing the 
 officers, after which the men were given 
 a leave of absence of two days, when
 
 inn 
 
 I.HI fJVII 
 
 160 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 they again re-assembled, aud on the 
 25th day of April they commenced the 
 march to the rendezvous at Beardttown, 
 where they arrived and were attached to 
 the 3d Regiment, commanded by Col. 
 Abram B. De Witt, of the Brigade of 
 Mounted Volunteers, then commanded 
 by Brigadier-General Samuel Whiteside. 
 The business of this Brigade was to pre- 
 cede the main body of the army, and 
 clear the way. We append the roster of 
 company : 
 
 Officers. — William C. Ralls, captain ; 
 James Blackburn, first lieutenant; John 
 Stinnett, second lieutenant ; John M. 
 Jones, first sergeant ; George W. Pen- 
 ney, James Hunter aud James P. Hinne, 
 sergeants; Theodore Jourdan, Stephen | 
 A. St Cyr, Jeremiah White and Alfred 
 W. McHatten and Jacob Wilkerson, 
 coporals. 
 
 Privates. — James Boothe, John Bris- 
 coe, Noah B. Ballard, Rosnel Bryant 
 Jefferson Conrad, Stephen Combs, John 
 D. Crawford, Johnson Chapman, Gabriel 
 De Witt, John Davis, David Edmon- 
 son, Aaron Earnest, Robert A. Glenn, 
 Lewis Gay, Thomas Hayden, Stephen 
 D. Hambaugh, James Hill, Joel Ives, 
 Michael Killion, William Morris, Dan- 
 iel Moore, William McKee, Luke Owen, 
 Benjamin Palmer, Jacob Richardson, 
 Aaron Richardson, William B. Ross, 
 Thomas Reddick, John H. Starr, Thomas 
 Sellers, Lester Seward, Fleming Tice, 
 Alexander Van Winkle, John Van 
 Vatter, Coruelieus Vandeventer and 
 Benjamin Wilson. 
 
 This company was mustered out of the ; 
 service of the United States at the 
 mouth of Fox river, May 28th, 1832, 
 and started for their homes a distance of 
 220 miles. 
 
 In a short time after the enlistment of 
 the men comprising the company whose 
 history we have just briefly recited, 
 another company was organized at 
 Rushville, and attached to the Old 
 Battalion of Mounted Rangers, called ■ 
 into the service of the United States on 
 the requisition of General Atkinson, by 
 the Governor's proclamation, dated May \ 
 30th, 1 832. The roster of the company j 
 was as follows ; 
 
 Officers. — John Stennett, captain ; | 
 Daniel Mahoney, first lieutenant ; Joel 
 Pennington, second lieutenant ; John R. 
 Smith, first sergeant; Samuel L. Dark, 
 
 Morris Hobart, Philip Homey, ser- 
 geants ; Robert Martin, Eli Williams, 
 James Beel, and Josiah Price, cor- 
 porals. 
 
 Privates. — William Allen, William 
 Brown, Isaac Brisco, Matthew C. Brisco, 
 Elias Briggs, Charles Bakewell, Jesse 
 Buson, Abel Friend, Fielding F. Glenn, 
 Benjamin Goldston, James Howard, Eli 
 Hartley, Jesse Hunter, Sanford Holli- 
 day, George W. Harrison, John M. 
 Jones, Allen Isaacs, Jesse Luster, Wil- 
 liam McGeehy, James McKee, Daniel 
 Matheny, Jr , Richard D. Martin, Si- 
 mon P. O'Neil, Joseph Osborn, Riggs 
 Pennington, Peter Peckingham, Wesley 
 Penningham, Stephen O. Pennington 
 Riley Pennington. George M. Pettigrew 
 Nicholas Rice, Stephen Rice, Stephen 
 Rose, William T. Rigg, John S. Ross, 
 George Smith, Oliver P. Sallee, Samuel 
 Smith, Samuel Stewart, Hugh Smith, Joel 
 Tallis, John Van Winkle, Mervin Wil- 
 liams, William McKee, Jeremiah White, 
 Samuel Homey, and William Kennett. 
 
 A third company was attached to the 
 Third Regiment, Col. Abraham B. Hew- 
 itt- Brigade of Mounted Volunteers of 
 the Illinois Militia, commanded by Brig. 
 Gen. Samuel Whiteside ; and we give 
 the roster : 
 
 Officers. — Nathaniel Winters, cap- 
 tain ; John D. Pinson, first lieutenant ; 
 John L Kirkpatrick, second lieutenant ; 
 Leander J. Walker, first sergeant ; Wil- 
 liam D. Johnson, David Grattan, and 
 Thomas J. Cox, sergeants ; Asa C 
 Earle, Bird Smith, James F. New, and 
 George W. Sawyer, corporals. 
 
 Privates. — James Adams, William 
 Asher, John Axby, Cornelius Brown, 
 Jefferson Black, Benjamin Beasley, Ar- 
 thur Bell, Alexander Beall, John Car- 
 son, William T. Cox, Benjamin Crisp, 
 James G. Campbell, Asa Cooper, Wil- 
 liam Coultis, David Campbell, Thomas 
 Dixon, Joseph Drew, Tresley Fink, 
 Johnson Forsythe, John Fulton, William 
 H. Green, Thomas M. Gillham, Curtis 
 Holmes, John HobsoD, Samuel Johnson, 
 Henry James, Yancey Little, David 
 Moore, James McGee, Robert D. Neal, 
 Elijah Powell, James B. Riggs, David 
 W. Rue, and James Sawyer. 
 
 This company was mustered out of 
 the service at the mouth of the Fox 
 river, on the 28th day of May, 1832. 
 
 Another company, attached to the 
 
 Fourth Regiment, Mounted Volunteers, 
 Col. Samuel M. Thompson, belonging 
 to the brigade of Brig. Gen. Samuel 
 Whitside, completed the quota of troops 
 from Schuyler county. The roster of 
 the company was as follows : 
 
 Officers. — Moses G. Wilson, captain, 
 promoted to major, April 30th, 1832 ; 
 Alexander Hollingsworth, first lieu- 
 tenant ; Harvey Skiles, second lieuten- 
 ant; John B. Watson, first sergeant; 
 G. W. P. Maxwell, Samuel Hollings- 
 worth, and J. G. Randall, sergeants; 
 Avanant Hollingsworth, James Martin 
 David Traynor, L. B. Skiles, corporals. 
 
 Privates.— Thomas Abbot, H. Abbott, 
 George Butler, Wm. Barnett, Samuel 
 Bogart, William Cox, Elijah Collins, 
 Adam Dunlap, James Frakes, William 
 Guinn. G. H. Harrison, Abram Hol- 
 lingsworth, John Hollingsworth, J. S. 
 Holliday, Chauncey Hobart, Gama- 
 liel Hill, Moulin Horney, Ishmael 
 Hills, Samuel Horney, I. W. Justus, 
 Ezra Kirkham, Wm. Loekhart, 
 Rutherford Lane, John McFadden, 
 Robert Murphy, John Murphy, John 
 Morgan, Willis Moore, George Naught, 
 Daniel Riley, Jonathan Reno, Caleb 
 Riley, Benjamin Skiles, William L. 
 Wilson, Moses Wallace, Henry Wright 
 Eli Williams, William Young. 
 
 This company was mustered out of 
 service at the mouth of Fox river, on 
 the 28th day of May, 1832. 
 
 THE MORMOX WAR. 
 
 One of the dark spots on the pages of 
 the history of Illinois, is attributable to 
 the troubles growing out of the settle- 
 ment of the Mormons at Nauvoo, and 
 their enforced withdrawal from the State. 
 
 To enable the casual reader to more 
 readily understand the facts connected 
 therewith, it will be necessary to present 
 a brief history of the growth of the social 
 ulcer — Mormonism. 
 
 In the little village of Sharon, Wind- 
 sor county, Vermont, Joseph, the leader 
 and " Prophet ' ' of Mormonism," first saw 
 the light of day, December 23, 1805. 
 His parents being poor, Joseph received 
 an indifferent education. His parents 
 removed to Palmyra, New York, when 
 he was but ten years of age, and there 
 he spent his boyhood days in rambling 
 through the forests, listlessly dreaming 
 of buried treasures, and endeavoring to 
 locate them by means of a forked stick,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 llil 
 
 or by looking through enchanted stones. 
 While thus engaged — and being igno- 
 rant of everything that pertained to sci- 
 ence, but being possessed of a cunning, 
 and a power of invention and construct- 
 iveness, which partially supplied the de- 
 ficiencies of an education — the future 
 "prophet" of Mormouism was discov- 
 ered by one Sidney Rigdon, a man of 
 talents and information, who discovered 
 in this bright promise of future profli- 
 gacy, a ready dupe and willing instru- 
 ment for his purpose, — that of founding 
 a new religious sect, by promulgating a 
 religious romance written by a Presby- 
 terian clergyman, then_ deceased, of Ohio. 
 
 Between the knaves it was agreed that 
 Joseph Smith should assume the role 
 of a prophet : a story was devised that 
 golden plates had beeu found buried 
 near Palmyra, New York, upon which 
 were inscribed, in characters only deci- 
 pherable through inspiration, and with 
 the aid of the two stones, Urim and 
 Thummim, used by ancient seers in read- 
 ing the mysteries of the past, present, 
 and future. The report of his discovery 
 becoming known, attempts were made 
 to rob him, and caused Smith to go 
 to Northern Pennsylvania, where he 
 claimed, with the aid of the magic 
 stones, to have deciphered the charac- 
 ters upon the golden plates. He claimed 
 that they contained a history of the 
 twelve lost tribes of Israel, and their 
 wanderings through Asia into America; 
 and such translation was given the name 
 of the Book of Mormon. 
 
 Smith was not long without followers, 
 and on the sixth day of April, 1830, a 
 considerable number of his adherents 
 met in Manchester, New York, and 
 founded the Mormon church. Their 
 numbers increased rapidly, and a large 
 portion sought a refuge in Jackson 
 county, Missouri, and began to build 
 the town of Independence, in 1833. 
 Another rendezvous was established at 
 Kirtland, near Cleveland, Ohio, and 
 there Joe Smith remained. That por- 
 tion that settled in Missouri soon made 
 themselves so obnoxious to the public, 
 that they were compelled to seek other 
 quarters in Clay county, Missouri. The 
 Ohio portion, under Smith, held a grand 
 convocation of several hundred Mormon 
 elders, in 1836. There Smith embarked 
 in the banking business, and issued notes 
 
 21 
 
 resembling notes of a bank in New York 
 His success as a banker was of short du- 
 ration, however, for want of capital and 
 an absence of integrity of its managers, 
 and was closed, leaving large indebted- 
 ness, and accompanied by the lowest 
 depravity. Ohio becoming no longer 
 suited to the schemes of Smith, and also 
 proving irksome and dangerous to the 
 Mormons, an early emigration to the 
 Missouri community was effected, where 
 large tracts of land in Caldwell and 
 Davis counties were purchased from the 
 United States, and the city of the " Far 
 West" was built, as well as many smaller 
 towns. Here they soon set the laws at 
 defiance, robbed and plundered, depos- 
 iting all their booty in one place, termed 
 the " Lord's Treasury." The depreda- 
 tions of the Mormons became so bold, 
 that an armed force was sent against 
 them by Governor Boggs ; the leaders, 
 including Smith, were captured, tried by 
 court-martial, and sentenced to death for 
 treason. Reason, however, took the pface 
 of revenge, and their lives were saved ; 
 they were carried before a circuit judge, 
 and committed to jail, to await their 
 further trial by the civil authorities ; 
 but, before they could be brought to 
 trial, they made their escape from 
 jail and fled from the State, and found 
 shelter with the main body of the sect in 
 Illinois. The whole body of Mormons 
 came to Illinois in 1839 and 1840, at the 
 time of the capture of the leaders, and 
 found a hearty welcome and sympathy 
 awakened by their tales of persecution. 
 
 The place selected by the Mormons, 
 in Illinois, was on the Mississippi river, 
 and was afterwards called Nauvoo, in 
 Hancock county. 
 
 While residents of Missouri, the Mor- 
 mons were ardent supporters of the 
 Democratic party; but having been 
 driven from that State by a Democratic 
 governor, and subsequently being re- 
 fused aid, upon an appeal, by President 
 Van Buren, they became embittered 
 towards that party, and upon their set- 
 tlement in Illinois sought new affiliations 
 with the Whigs, and in 1840 and 1841 
 gave their unanimous support to the 
 Whig candidates. The politicians of 
 the State saw that the Mormon vote was 
 an important factor in political warfare, 
 and both political parties in the General 
 Assembly of 1840 and 1841 vied with 
 
 each other to secure their political sup- 
 port by the bestowal of favor of such 
 unlimited power, in the use of which they 
 brought upon themselves banishment 
 from the State. They were given the 
 most complete control of the new terri- 
 tory of the State, selected by them. The 
 concessions granted to them caused them 
 to change from party to party, whenever 
 they received greater promises from one 
 party than the other, oftentimes, upon 
 the very eve of an important election, 
 and brought upon them the abuse or 
 praise of the party favored or deceived. 
 The city government of Nauvoo, under 
 the charter granted by the session of the 
 Legislature of 1840 and 1841, was organ- 
 ized in 1841, and Joe Smith was elected 
 mayor. This charter virtually estab- 
 lished for the Mormons, a government 
 within a government, a legislature with 
 power to pass ordinances in conflict with 
 the laws of the State ; courts to execute 
 them with but little dependence upon 
 the constitutional judiciary, and a mili- 
 tary force at their own command, and 
 governed by their own laws, and subject 
 to 'no State authority, but that of the 
 Governor. The flagrant abuse and use 
 of the anti- Republican principles con- 
 tained in the charter caused their ban- 
 ishment, and the death of Smith and his 
 brother. The Democrats in 1842 cap- 
 tured the Mormon vote, and the Whigs, 
 to repair this disaster to them, raised a 
 crusade against the Mormons. Duplicity 
 on the part of the Mormons to the Dem- 
 ocratic party in the election for Con- 
 gressman in the contest between Hons. 
 O. H. Browning and Joseph P. Hoge, 
 during 1843, caused many Democrats to 
 favor the expulsion of the Mormons. 
 In the winter of 1843 and 1844, the 
 common council of Nauvoo, with its 
 unlimited power, passed an ordinance to 
 further protect the Mormon leaders from 
 arrest on warrants from Missouri. The 
 ordinance provided that no writ issued 
 from any other place than Nauvoo, for 
 the arrest of any person in it, should be 
 executed in the city, without first receiv- 
 ing the endorsement of the mayor, and 
 any officer attempting to execute any 
 such writ without complying with the 
 ordinance, should be subjected to 
 imprisonment for life, and that the Gov- 
 ernor should not have the pardoning 
 power without the consent of the mayor.
 
 M:/.i 162 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Owners of property stolen in other coun- 
 ties, in making pursuit of the same into 
 the city of Nauvoo, were fined by the 
 authorities for daring to seek their 
 property in the holy city. The Mor- 
 mons at this time also petitioned 
 Congress to establish a territorial gov- 
 ernment for them in Nauvoo, independ- 
 ent of the State. 
 
 It» 1844, the minds of the people were 
 further inflamed by the announcement 
 of Joe Smith as a candidate for Presi- 
 dent of the United States. The leading 
 cause of popular fury, was the conduct 
 of the Mormons in casting their votes as 
 a unit, thus making it apparent that no 
 one should have honor or office in the 
 county without their consent and votes. 
 Indignation meetings, inflammatory 
 speeches, and the circulation of exag- 
 gerated reports of Mormon depredations 
 followed ; and at a public meeting, resolu- 
 tions were passed to expel or exterminate 
 the Mormons. Those persons who ad- 
 vocated more peaceful measures were 
 met with derision, and denominated 
 " Jack Mormons," against whom some 
 of the more excitable advocated expul- 
 sion or extermination. 
 
 Dissensions were also springing up in 
 the Mormon household, and many of the 
 prominent leaders were expelled from 
 the Church, and at once commenced to 
 assist in inciting the Anti- Mormons 
 against their enemies. On the 17th of 
 June, 1844, Gov. Ford was waited upon 
 by a committee of citizens from Carthage, 
 requesting him to call out the militia to 
 assist in enforcing the laws, which had 
 been repudiated and defied by Smith. 
 Gov. Ford visited Carthage, arriving 
 there on the morning of June 21, 1844 ; 
 and found that the General of the bri- 
 gade had ordered the entire bcdy of mili- 
 tia from McDonough and Schuyler coun- 
 ties. He found a large armed force as- 
 sembled and rapidly increasing under 
 summons of the constables of the county, 
 to serve as a posse eomitatus. Gov. Ford 
 dispatched a messenger to Nauvoo, in- 
 forming the Mayor and Councils of the 
 nature of the complaint made against 
 them — that of riot — upon which a war- 
 rant had been issued. Before demand- 
 ing the surrender of the accused, Gov. 
 Ford, seeing the tendency of the popu- 
 lace favoring mob violence, he exacted 
 a promise from the militia to sup. 
 
 port him in strictly ldgal measures, and 
 to protect prisoners in case they surren- 
 dered. This was unanimously assented 
 to by the officers and men. Having ob- 
 tained these assurances, the Governor 
 informed Smith and his Council that if 
 they surrendered they would be protect- 
 ed ; and if they did not, the whole force 
 of the State would be called out to en- 
 force submission. Upon the arrival of 
 the guard and constable, Smith and the 
 Council expressed their readiness to sur- 
 render and proceed to Carthage on the 
 following morning at eight o'clock ; but 
 when the time arrived, the accused did 
 not make their appearance. Nauvoo 
 was one vast military camp, patrolled by 
 sentinels, who allowed none to enter or 
 depart from the city. A demand was 
 then made for the arms of the State, 
 which had been furnished to the Nauvoo 
 legion, and met with a ready response 
 and delivery to the Governor's agent. 
 
 On the 24th of June, 1844, Joe Smith, 
 with his brother Hiram, the members of 
 the Council, and all others demanded, 
 came into Carthage and surrendered, and 
 were recognized before a justice of the 
 peace on the charge of riot ; and all 
 were permitted to return to their homes, 
 with the exception of Joe and Hiram 
 Smith, who were committed to jail on 
 the charge of treason. Immediately 
 after the surrender, Capt. Singleton,! 
 with his company from Brown County, 
 were sent, at the request of Smith, to 
 Nauvoo to guard the town, and take 
 command of the Mormon legion. On 
 the 27th day of June, 1844, Joe Smith 
 and his brother Hiram were killed 
 in the Carthage jail by a mob. Nauvoo 
 soon attained a population of 16,000 ; 
 and improvements of great value were 
 continually being made. 
 
 During the summer and fall of 1845, 
 trouble again made its appearance, and 
 continued to increase until the Spring 
 of 1846. An agreement between the 
 hostile parties was made for the volun- 
 tary removal of the greater part of the 
 Mormons. An armed force was station- 
 ed in the county by the state authorities 
 to keep the peace. The force gradual- 
 ly diminished, until the last of May, 
 1846, when it consisted of ten men under 
 Major Wm. B. Warren. During the 
 winter of 1845 and 1846, the Mormons 
 were busily engaged in preparations for 
 
 their removal ; and by Spring they had 
 twelve thousand wagons completed, and 
 by the middle of May, 16,000 Mormons 
 had started for the West. In June, 
 1846, the anti -Mormons again favored 
 their expulsion by force of arms, fear- 
 ing they might vote at the approach- 
 ing August election. Turmoil and 
 oppression again supplanted peace, and 
 September 1st, 1846, the posie eomi- 
 tatus was again called into the field. 
 General Singleton and Colonel Chitten- 
 den retired and Colonel Thomas S. 
 Brockman of Brown County was placed 
 in command ; and to him belongs the 
 honor of seeing them placed on the West 
 side of the Mississippi river. 
 
 Mormon settlements were not confined 
 to Hancock; but spread themselves over 
 surrounding counties. There were a 
 number of Mormons settled in these 
 counties at an early day. In the 
 southern portion of Brown county, a 
 colony had gathered in 1840 ; and it 
 was voted to build a church. The point 
 selected was just southeast of the pres- 
 ent town of Versailles ; and a committee 
 was sent to Nauvoo, but were advised by 
 Joseph Smith, that it was not advisable 
 to build a church at that time. 
 
 Brown and Schuyler had much to do 
 with the removal of Mormonism, and in 
 1844, a company of volunteers left 
 Rushville for the seat of war ; but upon 
 reaching Augusta they were sent home 
 by the Governor. 
 
 Roster of Brown county volunteers, 
 
 attached to the 36th Regiment, Illinois 
 
 Volunteers in the Mormon War. The 
 
 list bears date of June 28th, 1844, and 
 
 is given in its original form ; and the 
 
 forces responded to a call of Governor 
 
 Thomas Ford. 
 
 Thomas S. Brockman, Col. 
 Aaron Pauly, Lieut. Col. 
 Joseph Robison, Major. 
 George S. Meyers, Adjt. 
 James Manlby, Quartermaster. 
 James Brockman, Surgeon. 
 William Taylor, Captain. 
 George W. Timmons, Captain. 
 Harvey Lester, Captain. 
 Arthur Martin, Captain. 
 John W. Smith, 1st Lieutenant. 
 Alexander Summy, 1st " 
 John E. Nix, 1st " 
 
 James C. Rigging, 2d " 
 Geo. W. Maulby, 2d " 
 Elisha Davis, 2d " 
 
 Geo. W. Gibson, 1st Sergeant. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 William H. Bates. 
 Stephen Bryant.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 163 
 
 John Cox. 
 Charles McQuinney. 
 Alexander Jones. 
 Thomas Guesford. 
 William Haley. 
 Thomas A. Campbell. 
 Anderson Jones. 
 William Bruuk. 
 S. Wambsly. 
 James J. Smith. 
 B. J. Slivers. 
 Jonah liruiik. 
 William Ishmael. 
 William Wilson. 
 Samuel Brierton. 
 M. Knowlen. 
 J. G. Orr. 
 William Langan. 
 John Carney. 
 Isaac Barker. 
 Lemuel Bailey. 
 Peter Coplantz. 
 A. McPhail. 
 William Angel. 
 Robert Dennison. 
 Reuben Wilson, 
 Joseph Gilson. 
 William New. 
 Thomas Corbit. 
 William Stableton. 
 John Orr. 
 Alex. McKean. 
 Alfred Wilgus. 
 
 A. B. Beard. 
 Wm. Taylor. 
 Wm. Curry. 
 L. Ely. 
 
 B. Gristy. 
 
 D. A. Kendrick. 
 Ira Shanon. 
 Ely Smith. 
 Thomas Grover. 
 Hugh Shanon. 
 M. C. Smith. 
 James Keath. 
 Wm. Hartley. 
 H. A. Pope. 
 Wm. Bales. 
 John Beckman. 
 Wm. A. Nix. 
 Richard Bruce. 
 Peyton Keith 
 John Wood. 
 Jno. D. Crawford. 
 David Long. 
 Wm D. Lester. 
 Kmslev Jackson. 
 M. C. Nokes. 
 Rufus Nokes. 
 David Scott. 
 John Jennings. 
 Allen P. Keith. 
 James H. Orr. 
 James M. Kendrick. 
 G. S. Richardson. 
 Parmer Soper. 
 Philip Ausmus. 
 Josiah Hix. 
 James Strahan. 
 Horatio Orton. 
 
 Geo. W. Saddler. 
 Joseph Strahan. 
 
 D. Ausmus. 
 J. C. Davis. 
 
 C. Wright. 
 Samuel Miller. 
 H. W. Cliflbrd. 
 
 E. S. Wells. 
 Wm. Campbell. 
 Edward Perry. 
 Philip Ausmus. 
 Isaiah Hix. 
 Louis Briggs. 
 John R. Briggs. 
 J. II. Rose. 
 
 K. Henry. 
 
 B. W. McFarland. 
 Wm. H. Stewart. 
 M. Hewett. 
 
 R. C. Thomas. 
 J. Paine. 
 Jas. Gaddis. 
 J. A. McCoy. 
 P. Z. Abbott. 
 Wm. Stabler. 
 Ro! ert Brown. 
 W. Williams. 
 
 D. T. Harbour. 
 
 C. W. C. Tolle. 
 J. S. Tolle. 
 Nathan Perry. 
 Gideon Perry. 
 Henry Hills. 
 Nelson Davis. 
 B. Robinson. 
 
 E. Frederick. 
 Matthew Todd. 
 Thomas Poiner. 
 Richard Ancutt. 
 H. C. Davitt. 
 Geo. W. Sunimy. 
 James Bonds. 
 Hugh Colovan. 
 Wm. L. D. Gearnes. 
 Wm. T. Crawford. 
 John R. Guessford. 
 Wm. Mallery. 
 
 S. D. Smith. 
 J. S. Dunbar. 
 Thomas Radick. 
 .'ames Smith. 
 Wm. Henry. 
 R. Crisp. 
 S. W. Miller. 
 John Lomax. 
 Jno. B. McDaniel. 
 Win. Patterson. 
 Jno. D. Patterson. 
 Silas J. Smith. 
 John R. Brockman. 
 Louis Brockman. 
 E. Harris. 
 Wm. Lee. 
 E. G. Morell. 
 E. Morell. 
 J. M. Adams. 
 Elijah Adams. 
 Caleb Jennings. 
 Philip Ausmus. 
 E. Warden. 
 
 MEXICAN WAR. 
 
 From 1821, the time that Mexico sev- 
 ered her connection with Spain, until 
 1836, all the vast extent of country ly- 
 ing between Louisiana and Mexico, 
 was a province of Mexico. It had been 
 the policy of Spain and Mexico to keep 
 the territory uninhabited, for the pur- 
 pose of preventing an inroad from the 
 
 Americans. A large land grant was at 
 last secured by Moses Anstine of Conne- 
 cticut, from Mexico, the only considera- 
 tion being the settlement of three hun- 
 dred American families within his do- 
 main. The grant was .subsequently con- 
 firmed to his son, and permission granted 
 to increase the number of families to five 
 hundred. This was the first step taken 
 which ultimately led to the Mexican 
 war. 
 
 The policy of the Mexican govern- 
 ment was of the most oppressive and 
 tyrannical nature, so much so that " for- 
 bearance ceased to be a virtue " ; and 
 in 1835, the people openly rebelled. 
 The bloody battle of San Jacinto in 1836, 
 decided the rebellion in favor of the 
 Texans, Santa Anna, the Dictator of 
 all Mexico was captured and under 
 duress he signed a treaty in which he 
 acknowledged the independence of Tex- 
 as, which treaty, however, the Mexican 
 government ever afterwards repudiated. 
 The independence of the new State was 
 soon afterwards acknowledged by the 
 United States, Great Britain and France. 
 From the moment of gaining her inde- 
 pendence, the Texans, looked forward 
 to annexation to the Union, and over- 
 tures looking to that end were frequently 
 made to the United States Government ; 
 and Mexico as often notified the United 
 States that an attempt to comply with the 
 request of the Mexicans would be treated 
 as a sufficient cause for war. During the 
 administration of President Van Buren, 
 who feared a war with Mexico, the peti- 
 tion of the Texan?, met not only with 
 no encouragement ; but was declined. 
 Id the last year of Tyler's administra- ' 
 tion the subject of annexation was again 
 agitated without success. Texas had 
 now increased her population to two 
 hundred thousand persons, her territory 
 embraced an area, more than five times 
 as great as the State of Pennsylvania. 
 Annexing this vast territory, whose area 
 was two hundred and thirty-seven thou- , 
 sand square miles, was like adding a 
 new Empire, and the question was one 
 of vast importance, and became the 
 leading issue with the people in the 
 presidential election of 1844. Annexa- i 
 tion was favored by the Democratic par- j 
 ty and opposed by the Whigs. The 
 voice of the people was in favor of An- 
 nexation, and James K. Polk was elected 
 
 president, defeating Henry Clay, the 
 Whig candidate. Upon the convening 
 of Congress in December, 1844, the 
 proposition to admit Texas was one of 
 the first acts formally presented. The 
 measure engrossed the attention of our 
 National Legislature during the entire 
 winter, and was frequently debated ; 
 and on the first day of March, 1845, 
 three days prior to the inauguration of 
 President Polk, the bill of Annexation 
 was adopted, and President Polk imme- 
 diately gave his assent to the bill. Upon 
 the adoption of the resolution of Annexa- 
 tion, Almonte, the Mexican minister at 
 Washington, demanded his passports 
 and left the country. The Texan Legis- 
 lature ratified the act of Annexation on 
 the 4th of July, 1845, and became the 
 twenty-seventh star in the constellation 
 of liberty. 
 
 Texas immediately applied to the 
 President of the United* States to send 
 an army into the state for protection 
 against the Mexicans. Gen. Taylor was 
 ordered to move into and occupy Texas, 
 which he at once did, marching from 
 Camp Jessup in Louisiana, where he had 
 been stationed. The germ of the diffi- 
 culty between the United States and 
 Mexico had its origin as far back as 1821, 
 when Mexico gained her independence 
 by throwing off' the Spauish yoke, which 
 she had worn for three hundred years. 
 At that time Mexico, in arranging her 
 civil administration, united Texas and 
 Coahuila under one provincial gov- 
 ernor, as both lay east of the Rio 
 Grande. When Texas repudiated her al- 
 legiance to Mexico and gained her inde- 
 pendence, she also claimed that her suc- 
 cess carried with it the success of Coa- 
 huila and made that province a part of 
 Texas; and this theory the joint legisla- 
 ture of Texas and Coahuila put into 
 practice, by putting the same into statu- 
 tory form, by passing a resolution to 
 that effect. December 19th, 1836, Mex- 
 ico claimed that the boundary of Texas 
 was the Neuces river, while Texas in- 
 sisted upon the Rio Grande river as the 
 boundary, in order to include Coahuila ; 
 and upon the admission of Texas into the 
 Union the dispute as to the boundary 
 was unsettled. The government of the 
 United States sought to settle peaceably 
 the dispute regarding the boundary line, 
 through an envoy, in the winter of 1845
 
 164 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and 1846. This proposition was scorn- march under a tropical sun — no good 
 fully refused by the Mexican authori- water, and scourged by the mumps and 
 ties; and Gen. Taylor was ordered to measles, and reached their destination, 
 proceed with his army as near to the Camp Crockett, on the San Antonia, Au- 
 Rio Grande as he could. Gen. Arista, gust 23d, 1846. Many of the members 
 the Mexican commander, notified Gen- of this company fell at the battle of 
 Taylor on the "26th of April, 1846, that Buena Vista, and in the battles of Mon- 
 hostilities had begun. These acts upon terey and Saltillo. It is unnecessary to 
 the part of the Mexican authorities, in- enumerate the different battles of the 
 duced Congress to pass an act on the Mexican war, as the information can be 
 11th day of May, 1846, declaring that obtained from any common school his- 
 " by the act of the republic of Mexico tory. * 
 
 a state of war exists between that gov- The war continuing longer than had 
 ernment and the United States ; " and at been anticipated, a second call for 6,000 
 the same time authorized the President troops was made. Illinois received no- 
 to accept the services of 50,000 volun- tice from the Secretary of War, April 
 teers and appropriated $10,000,000 to 19, 1847, to furnish ten additional com- 
 carry on the war. panies of infantry and one company of 
 
 The call for volunteers was appor- cavalry. In compliance with the requisi- 
 tioned mostly to the southern and west- tionof the Secretary of War, Gov. French 
 ern states- Illinois was requested to issued an order on the 27th of April, 
 furnish " three regiments of volunteers calling for volunteers. The call met 
 or riflemen." The pay was $8 00 per with a prompt response, and the quota 
 month and commutations, amounting in was readily supplied and the regimeot 
 all to §15.50; the time of service one ordered to assemble at Alton, May 10, 
 year ; the men to furnish their own uni- 1847, and was known as the Fifth Regi- 
 forms, for which they would be remun- ment. The infantry was composed of 
 erated ; select their officers in compli- ten companies, one of which, company 
 ance with the militia laws of the State ; D, was raised in Brown county, by E. 
 and the number in each company was W. B. Newby, who was' elected colonel 
 limited to eighty men. Governor Ford on the organization of the regiment June 
 issued the call for volunteers on the 8th, 1847. The cavalry company was 
 25th of May, 1846; and within ten days enlisted in Schuyler county, and com- 
 time thirty-five companies duly organ- manded by Capt. Adams Dunlap. On 
 ized reported to the governor, and were the 18th day of June, 1847, the regiment 
 ordered to rendezvous at Alton, and left Alton on a steamboat and reached 
 by the middle of June the requisition Fort Leavenworth, on the 24th of the 
 was exceeded by more than forty com- same month, from which place they 
 panies. commenced a long and tiresome march 
 
 The first regiment of Illinois volun- across the plains, burned by the scorch- 
 teers organized July 2d, 1846, by elect- ing heat of the day, and chilled by the 
 ing Gen. J. J- Hardin, colonel. To the coolness of the night, for Santa Fe, New 
 first battalion of this regiment was at- Mexico. While stationed at Santa Fe, 
 tached the company E, raised in ?chuy- the regiment was divided into two bat- 
 ler county by. Col. William A. Richard- talions— the first, in which the Brown 
 son. This regiment, in company with and Schuyler county troops, was placed 
 the second, left Alton on the 17th, 18th under command of Col. Newby and sent 
 and 19th of July, 1846, on board the on an expedition south to El Paso. The 
 steamers Convoy, Missouri and Hanni- war being at an end, the regiment saw 
 bal and passed down the Mississippi to no active service with the enemy, but 
 New Orleans, reshipped and were sustained many hardships, and was 
 landed at Levacca, Matagorda Bay, on ravished by disease. The fall of the city 
 the 29th of the same month. of Mexico virtually ended the conflict, 
 
 Under the leadership of Gen. Wool, and the war was formally closed with 
 who accompanied them from Alton, they the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, Feb- 
 arrived at Pallida creek, twelve miles ruary 2, 1848. By the terms of the 
 from the coast, on the 4th of August, and treaty the boundary lines between Mex- 
 after a rest of four days resumed the ico and the United States commenced at 
 
 the mouth of the Rio Grande river to 
 the southern limit of New Mexico, thence 
 following the southern boundary of that 
 territory westward, thence north along 
 its western border to the river Gila, 
 thence, down that river to the Colorado 
 river, thence west to the Pacific Ocean, 
 including not only Texas and Coahuila, 
 but also the whole of New Mexico and 
 Upper California. Mexico also guaran- 
 teed the free navigation of the Gulf of 
 California and the Colorado river. The 
 obligations assumed by the United States 
 in the treaty was the surrender of all 
 places held by military occupation in 
 Mexico, the payment of fifteen million 
 dollars into the Mexican treasury, and 
 the assuming of all debts due from the 
 Mexican government to American citi- 
 zens, not exceeding three million five 
 hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 At the second call for troops in the 
 Mexican war, which was issued by the 
 President, under the act of Congress ap- 
 proved May 13, 1848, Schuyler county 
 responded promptly, and Capt. Adams 
 Dunlap at once raised the Independent 
 company of Illinois mounted volun- 
 teers, being the only company of cavalry 
 from this state. The company was raised 
 in the month of May, 1847, at Rush- 
 ville, and marched thence to Alton, 
 Illinois, where it arrived May 21, 1847, 
 a distance of one hundred and ten miles 
 from Rushville. The company em- 
 barked upon a steamer for New Orleans, 
 where it re-shipped to Brazos Island 
 and thence up the Rio Grande river to 
 Matamoras where it remained, doing 
 garrison duty, until the close of the war. 
 The company suffered severely from 
 sickness, and at one time of the whole 
 number only thirty-five were able to re- 
 port for duty. The company returned 
 to Alton, Illinois, where it was mustered 
 out of the service on the 7th day of 
 November, 1848. 
 
 The roster of company E., first regi- 
 ment Illinois volunteers, John J. 
 Hardin, colonel, was raised by William 
 H. Richardson at Rushville, Illinois, 
 and was composed of men from both 
 Schuyler and Brown counties, many of 
 whom fell at the battle of Buena Vista. 
 Those marked with a star were from 
 Brown county, the remainder from
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 165 
 
 Schuyler. The company left Rushville 
 
 in June, 1846. 
 
 Officers. 
 
 Captain. W. A. Richardson, promoted Major 
 
 at Buena Visia. 
 2d Captain, G. W. Robertson. 
 Is* Lieutenant. Allen Persinger. 
 2d Lieutenant. George S. Meyers. 
 3d Lieutenant. John T. May. 
 Orderly Sergeant. George W. Calvert. 
 2d Sergeant. Francis R. McElroy. 
 3d Sergeant. Luke P. Allphin, Schuyler Co. 
 4th Sergeant. James Coakeman. 
 Corporal. Robert H. Lawler. 
 Corporal. Moses Lettaker. 
 Corporal. Reuben Allphin, Schuyler Co. 
 Corporal. Wni. Peterfish. 
 Muskitm. James H. Garden. 
 
 Privates. 
 Allphin, William R., Schuyler Co. 
 Billings, Jonathan. 
 Black, John, Jr. 
 Beach, Cyrus. 
 
 Brooks. William, Schuyler Co. 
 Bennett, Lemuel. 
 Berry, George L. 
 Curry, Isaac. 
 Curtis, George W. 
 Crane, Goodsell. 
 
 Clarkson, Franklin B., Schuyler Co. 
 Carter, Irvin K. 
 Davis, Moses W., Brown Co. 
 Dalton, Franklin. 
 Doyle, James, Schuyler Co. 
 File, Henry. 
 Garrett, John. 
 Gray, George L. 
 Gray, Hiram H. 
 Homey, Leonidas, Schuyler Co. 
 Harris, Jam^s II. 
 Hewitt, Allen O. 
 Harris, William. 
 Ishmael, George W., Brown Co. 
 James, Anderson. 
 Jacobs, Daniel. 
 Koch, Isaac. 
 Littaker, Joseph H. 
 Lee, John P. 
 Luttrell, James H. 
 Luttrell, Benjamin. 
 Luttrell, Rowland G. 
 Lawler, Joseph T., Schuyler Co. 
 Lansdon, Richard. 
 McClelland, Daniel. 
 * Martin, Brown Co. 
 *Morris, Barton W. 
 Ogden, Jonathan B. 
 Rose, Isaac. 
 
 *Richardson, Green B., Brown Co. 
 Richardson, William. 
 Richardson, Watson R. 
 *Stapleton, William. 
 Strahan, James. 
 Smotherman, Thomas. 
 Smith, Charles. 
 St. John, William H. 
 Thompson, John B. 
 Turner, Berry. 
 Thorp, L. M. 
 *Van Tassel, Francis M. 
 Wilson, James O. 
 Wilson, Thomas. 
 
 The following is a complete roster of 
 the company, as obtained from the 
 original Muster Roll at date of dis- 
 charge, at Alton, Illinois, November 7, 
 1848, now in the possession of Captain 
 Adams Dunlap, of Buena Vista township, 
 Schuyler county, 111., and to whose cour- 
 
 tesy we are indebted for its appearance 
 in this work. Where not differently 
 stated, the men were mustered out No- 
 vember 7, 1848. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Captain. Adams, Dunlap 
 
 1«( Lieutenant, Samuel Lambert. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Simon Doyle. 
 
 2d Lieutenant, Calvin Jackson. 
 
 Orderly Sergeant, Samuel \V. Boring. 
 
 2d Sergeant. James B. Wright. 
 
 3d Sergeant. Geo. O. Bachman. promoted from 
 private July 9, 1847. 
 
 4th Sergeant, Richard W. Stephenson pro- 
 moted 1'r ,m private May 1, 1848. 
 
 Corporal, Victor C. Putnam. 
 
 Corporal, William Ricbey. 
 
 Corporal, Newton De Witt. 
 
 Corporal, John W. Snyder, promoted from pri- 
 vate February l(i, 1848. 
 
 Bugler, Theodore Smith. 
 
 Bugler, Charles Hynes. 
 
 Farrier and Blacksmith, David Duff. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Angle, John. 
 
 Allen, Mark, joined as recruit in Mexico. May 
 26, 1848. 
 
 Brown, Robert, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 May 26, 1848. 
 
 Brown, Alexander, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 May 26, 1848. 
 
 Bowen, James F. 
 
 Buckler, Henry. 
 
 Berry, Daniel F. 
 
 Beale, Samuel O. 
 
 Boyd, David. 
 
 Boyd, Robert, 
 
 Chipman, Seth. 
 
 Chapman, William W. 
 
 Cummings, Alfred, 
 
 Cunningham, Caleb. 
 
 Chipman, Philip. 
 
 Cram, Henry. 
 
 Carden, Washington A. 
 
 Curtis, Jesse, joined as recruit in Mexico, May 
 26, 1848. 
 
 Corbridge. Thomas, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Carter, Rutherford, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Carnes, John T., joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 May 26, 1848. 
 
 Duhomell, Benj. F., joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Densmore, James C, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Derickson, Joseph M. 
 
 Krwin, George W. 
 
 Easley, William, 
 
 Easley, Thomas M. 
 
 Elliott, William. 
 
 Fisher, Jacob, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 May 26, 1848. 
 
 Geiger, Donelson M., joined as recruit in 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Gillett, Charles W., joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Gilbreath, Samuel, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 
 Green, William. 
 
 Gitchell, Calvin L. 
 
 Green, David. 
 
 Gordon, Franklin. 
 
 Gibson, Isaac W. 
 
 Havercluft, Christopher C. 
 
 Holloway, William. 
 
 Hatfield, Abraham. 
 
 Hymer, George. 
 
 Hoyt, Albert. 
 
 Hurry, David, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 May 26, 1848. 
 
 Hopkins, Lemuel B., joined as recruit in 
 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 Hopkins, David R., joined as recruit in 
 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 Hansen, William B., joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Jump, James C. joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Jones, James B. 
 Jones, Levi. 
 Kelly, Patrick. 
 Lambert, Henry. 
 Lamaster, Ervin. 
 
 Lincoln, Jefferson, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Mnllane, Carroll, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Mauck, Abram R.. joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 McGee, Elijah, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Myers, Jacob L., joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Maynard, Robert H., joined as recruit in 
 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 Mars, John L., joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Martin, George W. 
 McKinney, John. 
 McNeeley, John. 
 McMasters, William. 
 Murran, John. 
 Patterson, Charles R. 
 Parrott, Josiah. 
 Peeler, Jefferson. 
 Presson, William A. 
 Pierce, George. 
 Parker, Oscar J., joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Robert, De Witt C, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Redman, William, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, July 9, 1847. 
 Rhodes, Hinman. 
 Scott, George R. 
 Scott, William B. 
 Spencer Elijah. 
 Smith, Wiliiam E. 
 Smith, Robert. 
 
 Sidwell, James C., joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Sieman, Cornelius, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, July 9, 1847. 
 Stetson, Clinton, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Turnbull, Thomas, joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Todd, Simeon, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Tucker, William, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Troy, Jerome, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Thompson James. 
 Thompson, James D. 
 Thoroughman, John. 
 Vance, John, 
 
 Vancourt, Benj. P., joined as recruit in Mex- 
 ico, May 26, 1848. 
 Winsor, Clark, joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 
 May 26, 1848. 
 Weatherbee, William B., joined as recruit in 
 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 Whitehurst, Willis G., joined as recruit in 
 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848. 
 Ward, Alfred. 
 Whitlock, George C. 
 Wright, Isaac S. W. 
 
 Ward, Luke G., joined as recruit in Mexico, 
 July 9, 1847. 
 
 The following named died in service 
 
 Tvre, Thomas, 4th sergeant, Matamoras, July 
 10,1847.
 
 106 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Porgolia, Anthony, 4th corporal, Matamoras, 
 
 Oct 8, 1847. 
 Rew, Thos., private, Matamoras, July 15, '47. 
 Clark, John, private, Matamoras, Aug. 1, '47. 
 Fletcher, Jas. C, priv., Matamoras, Aug. 7, '47. 
 Smith, John, private, Matamoras, Sept. 27, '47. 
 Cook, Win- W., priv., Matamoras, Sep. 23, '47. 
 Beales, Aug. F., priv., Matamoras, Sept. 28, '47. 
 Gibson, B. F., priv., Matamoras, Oct. 13, '47. ' 
 Smith, Silas J., priv., Matamoras, Oct. 16, '47. 
 Edmonson, X. H. R.. pr., Matam's, Oct. 18, '47. 
 Biggs, Henry, priv.. Matamoras, Oct. 23. '47. 
 Castle, Henry, priv., Matamoras, Oct. 28, '47. 
 Dyson, Samuel, priv., Matamoras, Oct. 30, '47. 
 Burton, Geo. W., priv., Point Isabel, Texas, 
 
 July 18, 1848. 
 Gillett, Phinney P., priv., joined as a recruit 
 
 in Mexico, Mav 26, 1848, died at Alton, 
 
 Ills., August 13, 1848. 
 
 The following named deserted : 
 
 Smith, Thomas J., private, Alton, Ills., June 
 
 5, 1847. 
 Hovev, Simeon H., private, Alton, Ills., June 
 
 ' 9, 1847. 
 
 Wright, Daniel, priv., X. Orleans, June 25, '47. 
 
 Brunk, Wm., priv., Matamoras, Dec. 1, 1847. 
 
 Brooks, William, priv., joined as a recruit in 
 
 * Mexico, May 26, 1848 ; deserted at Ca- 
 
 niargo, Aug. 4, 1848. 
 
 The following were discharged on sur- 
 geons' certificate? 
 
 Serrott, Marcus, 2nd serg't, Matamoras, April 
 27, 1848. 
 
 Lansden, William A., priv., Matamoras, Dec. 
 5, 1847. 
 
 Dickson, Fre., priv , Matamoras, April 27, '48. 
 
 Cro-s, Thomas J., priv, joined as a recruit in 
 Mexico, May 26, 1848, left sick at San 
 Antonio, to be discharged, Sept. 9, '47. 
 
 Whitcher, Patterson V., private, joined as a 
 recruit in Mexico. May 26, '48, disch'ged 
 at San Antonio, Oct. 3, 1848, for expira- 
 tion of term of service. 
 
 In this war Brown county contributed 
 Company D of the Fifth Regiment of 
 Illinois Volunteers (infantry). This 
 company was raised in Mt. Sterling by 
 Captain E. W. B. Newby, in May, 1847, 
 and marched to Alton, where it was 
 mustered into the service on the 22d 
 day of May, 1847. The regiment was 
 organized, and at an election for regi- 
 mental officers, Captain Newby was 
 chosen colonel ; and First Sergeant John 
 C. Moses was selected as captain of the 
 company. 
 
 The following list gives the names of 
 the members of Company D : 
 
 Capt John C. Moses, mustered out Sept 30, '48. 
 1st Lieut. G. A. Keith, must'd out Sept. 30, '48. 
 2d Lieut. J. H. Easley, mus'd out Aug. 31, '48. 
 3d Lt.S. B. Alexander, must'd out Sept 30, '48. 
 Or. Serg't W. E. Oscar, must'd out June 30, '48- 
 2d Serg't Ths. B. Love, must'd out June 30, '48- 
 3d Serg't Ems. Harris, must'd out Juue 30, '48. 
 4th Serg't J. T. Brooks, mus'd out June 30, '48. 
 1st Corp. Alex. Parker, mus'd out Juna 30, '48. 
 2d Corp. T. M.Roberts, mus'd out June 30, '48. 
 3d Corp. C. H. Wilson, must'd out June 30, '48. 
 4th Corp. Ths. Dragoo, must'd out June 30, '48. 
 Music'n Eli Dennis, must'ed out June 30, '48. 
 Music'n Mat. Johnson, must'd out June 30, '48. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Angel, Joshua, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Adams, Thos. D., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Brisco, Wm. H., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Bass, Geo. W., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Burk, Geo. J., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Berry, Wm. C. mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Baker, Jacob, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Barker, C. W., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Coppage, Jos. W-, must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Clark, Geo. W., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Carter, Jos. R., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Dalton, John W., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Davis, Geo. W., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Emery, John T., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Forsythe,William, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Fuller, Bradford, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Glenn, Samuel R., mustered out June 30, 1848 
 Gibson, Thomas, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Grant, Hardin H., mustered out June 30,1848. 
 Giddings, Geo. H., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Gaston, William, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Hamsell, Xath'l, mustered out April 30, 1848. 
 Higgins, Clark B., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Hunt, William, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 House, John, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Hills, Richard, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Heddleston, John, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Ingles, Noah, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Ishmael, Wm. S., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 King, James M., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Kendrick, Geo. W., must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Kelly, Isaac, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Ix>max, John, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Lake, Myron, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 McCanley. And'w, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 McMeans, John, mustered out June 30. 1848. 
 McLane Jno. K-. mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Xix, Jasper L., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Parker, Orlando M., must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Parker, Newborn P., must'd out June 30, 1848 
 Preston, Lyman, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Preston, Jas H., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Pitchford, Wm H., must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Roberts, Silas H, must'd out June 30, 1848 
 Raney, Abram C, must'd out June 30, 1848- 
 Starks, John, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Smith, Jas. J., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Smith, John, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Simons David B., must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Steel, James M-, must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 Shober, John L., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Taulbee, Daniel, mustered out June 30. 1848. 
 Taylor, John H., mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Vanwey, Charles, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Wilson, Cavil K-, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Woods, Joseph, mustered out June 30, 1848. 
 Wells, James F, mustered out June 30. 1848. 
 Watts, John, mustered out June 30, 1848 
 White, Edmond R., must'd out June 30, 1848 
 Walker. John M.. must'd out June 30, 1848. 
 
 The following died in the service: 
 John McDiggins, Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., June 
 
 27, 1847. 
 Thos. Angel, Santa Fe, X. M., Sept. 28. 1847. 
 Sam'l Huffman, Santa Fe. N. M., Oct 15, 1847. 
 Jno. K. Putnam, Sante Fe, N. M., Oct. 16, 1847. 
 Jos. H. Phillips, Santa Fe, N. M.,Oct. 18, 1847. 
 Aug. Green, near Albuquerque, X. M., Nov. 9, 
 
 1847. 
 Jno. Xowells, Santa Fe, X. M., Mav 17. 1848. 
 John Bostick, Jeinez, N. M , Mav 28, 1848. 
 
 The following were discharged on account 
 of disability : 
 Hiram Bennett, Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., Aug. 
 
 19, 1847. 
 Jacob Lewis, Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., Aug. 24, 
 
 1847. 
 John J. Studdv, Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., Aug. 
 
 24, 1847. 
 Chas. L. Raymond, Santa Fe, N. M., Mar. 8, 
 
 1848. 
 John Harris, Santa Fe, N. M., Mar. 20, 1848. 
 Wm. Taylor, Santa Fe, X. M., Mar. 29, 1848. 
 
 John M. Bowen, Santa Fe, X. M-, Mar. 29, 
 
 1848. 
 Horatio M. Hamilton, Las Vegas, X- M., June 
 
 8, 1848. 
 Sam'l B. Vansickle, Las Vegas, X. M-, June 
 
 8,1848. 
 Discharged at expiration of service: 
 Jas. R. Langlev, Santa Fe, X. M., Aug. 10, 1848. 
 Henry Xunn, Santa Fe, X. M., Aug. 10, 1848. 
 Jas. G. Phillips, Santa Fe, X. M., Aug. 10, 
 
 1848. 
 Eli W. Waldon, Santa Fe, X- M., Aug. 10, 1848. 
 H. P. Salmon, joined as a recruit, Aug. 1. 1848, 
 
 and discharged for expiration tf service, 
 
 Aug 10, 1848. 
 Hiram Davis, drummed out of service at Santa 
 
 Fe, X. M., June 14, 1848. 
 
 THE WAR FOR THE UNION. 
 
 The fires of internal dissensions, en- 
 gendered by many long years of politi- 
 cal and sectional strife, which had been 
 smouldering since 1820, wanting but 
 the slightest concussion to burst forth 
 and plunge the whole Nation into a 
 fratricidal combat, received the needed 
 blast to fan the hidden volcano into ac- 
 tivity and cause it to burst its restraint 
 and belch forth hydra-headed secession 
 in 1860. The presidential contest of 
 I860, which resulted in the elevation of 
 Abraham Lincoln to the chief magis- 
 tracy of the United States was utilized 
 as the signal for the slave-holding states 
 to prepare for secession peaceably if 
 they could, to inaugurate a war of such 
 magnitude as had never before been 
 chronicled by any historian, if necessary 
 to accomplish their purpose 
 
 On the twentieth day of December, i860, 
 South Carolina took the initiative step 
 towards the dissolution of the Union, by 
 passing an ordinance of secession. 
 Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, 
 Louisiana and Texas followed the ex- 
 ample of their sister state, and passed 
 in their respective order, ordinances of 
 secession prior to the inauguration of 
 President Lincoln. 
 
 On the 4th of February, 1861, delegates 
 from six of the seceded states met in 
 convention at Montgomery, Alabama, 
 and formed a new government, " The 
 Confederate States of America," and 
 selected Montgomery, as the seat of 
 government, from which place it was 
 removed to Richmond, Va., after the 
 secession of that State. On the 8th of 
 same month Jefferson Davis, of Missis- 
 sippi was chosen President, and Alexan- 
 der Stephens of Georgia, Vice-President. 
 
 Upon the accession of President Lin- 
 coln, he found the country on the verge
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 167 
 
 of a great war — a war in which one 
 section of our fair land would be arrayed 
 against the other, father against son and 
 brother against brother. 
 
 The bloody conflict opened with the 
 firing on Fort Sumter, Charleston Har- 
 bor, S. C, on the morning of April 12, 
 1861, and in thirty-four hours the fort 
 was in the possession of the Confederate 
 government ; and the stars and stripes 
 dragged in the dust The news sped 
 with rapidity throughout the country, 
 producing the greatest consternation and 
 excitement, and in three days' time 
 white-winged peace drew apace ; and . 
 grim-visaged war usurped her place. 
 The roll of the drum and the music of 
 fife were heard throughout the land, 
 where just before were the sounds of 
 busy workshops and the quiet of the 
 rural fields. The mechanic laid aside 
 his tools, the professional man his books, 
 the merchant his counter, and the farm- 
 er his plow, to girdle on the sword and 
 knapsack and to shoulder the musket, 
 in yindication of their flag's dishonor, 
 and in response to the call of President 
 Lincoln for 75,000 volunteers, to serve 
 three months. The stars and stripes 
 were clothed with a new significance to 
 many and a determination to maintain 
 the Union unbroken was stamped upon 
 the countenances of every loyal being. 
 The requisition for 75,000 volunteers 
 was immediately supplied ; and another 
 call for 83,000, on the 3rd of May, 1861. 
 for a term of three years or during the 
 war, was as readily answered. 
 
 The first bloodshed of the war, oc- 
 curred in the morning of April 19, 
 1861, in Baltimore, Md., while the 
 Massachusetts regiments of volunteers 
 we're passing through that city, on their 
 way to Washington, being fired upon by 
 a mob and three of their number killed. 
 
 As the history of the late war is so 
 fully set forth in numerous volumes 
 upon that subject, and the events are of 
 so recent date and yet fresh in the minds 
 of many, we will not devote further 
 space in recounting them, beyond the 
 statement that this war was one of the 
 bloodiest in the annals of all time, cost- 
 ing millions of treasure and thousands 
 of lives. 
 
 The war virtually closed on the after- 
 noon of Sunday, April the 9th, 1865, 
 when Generals U. S. Grant and Robert 
 
 E. Lee met in conference in the parlor 
 of William McLain, at Appomattox 
 Court House, Va., where the terms of 
 surrender of Lee's Army to the Union 
 commander, U. S. Grant, were arranged. 
 The surrender of the main body of the 
 Confederate Army, under General Lee, 
 was followed by the surrender of the 
 forces of General Joseph E. Johnson to 
 General W. T. Sherman, at Raleigh, N. 
 C , April 26th ; and the capture of Jef- 
 ferson Davis, at Irwinsville, S. C. by 
 General Wilson's Cavalry on the 10th 
 day of the following May, were closing 
 events of the downfall of the Southern 
 Confederacy. 
 
 The patriotic sentiment of the people 
 of Schuyler and Brown counties was 
 strong: aud enthusiastic, -and at the call 
 of the President for troops to resist the 
 foes of the nation and repel the insult 
 to the symbol of liberty, responded 
 promptly ; and sent many of their brave 
 citizens forth to the battle for the Union. 
 Their names as they are enrolled at the 
 Adjutant General's office are given un- 
 der the head of the commands to which 
 they belonged. 
 
 Seventh Infantry— Three Years Service— 
 Muster Roll Company D.— Men from 
 Brown eounty. 
 
 Privates. 
 Baker, George, mustered out July 9, 1865. 
 Evans, Edward, mustered out July 9, 1865. 
 Nicholas, George W. mustered out July 9, '65. 
 Williamson, John H. mustered out July 9, '65. 
 Whites, John, mustered out July 9, 1865. 
 
 Eighth Infantry— Three Years Service- 
 Muster Roll Company K.— Unasslgtted 
 Recruits — Men from Brown county. 
 
 Drafted and Substitutes 
 
 Roach, John 
 
 Ninth Infantry 'Consolidated) Three Years 
 Service— Muster Roll Company G.— Men 
 from Brown connty. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Julius Vandeventer transferred from Oo.,C. 27, 
 111., M. O. July 9, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Hammonds, Albert transferred from Co. C. 27 
 
 111., M. O. July 9, 1865. 
 Hulbert, James, T. transferred from Co. C. 27 
 
 111., M. O. July 9, 1865. 
 Knep, Joel transferred from Co. C. 27 111., M. 
 
 O. July 9, 1865. 
 Tucker, Lewis A. transferred from Co. C. 27 
 
 III., M. O. July 9, 1865. 
 
 Twelfth Infantry— Three Years Service. 
 
 We find in the roster, two men quoted 
 from eftch county that belonged to this 
 regiment. This regiment was first called 
 
 into service under proclamation of the 
 President, April 16, 1861. It was or- 
 ganized at Springfield and mustered into 
 service April 30, 1861, by captain Pope, 
 for three months, after which term it re- 
 enlisted for three years service. The 
 regiment was in many hard fought bat- 
 tles, losing in all, killed in the field and 
 died of wounds — 145. It was mustered 
 out July 14, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company B.-Men from Schuy- 
 ler County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Cook, John, discharged Sept. 12, 1864. 
 Stephens, Jacob, killed at Lays Ferry, Ga., 
 May 15, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company B Men from Brown 
 
 County. 
 
 Drafted and Substitutes Recruits. 
 Gorsid, Samuel, mustered out July, 10, 1865. 
 
 Thirteenth Infantry— Three Years Service. 
 Muster Roll, Company G.— Men from 
 Brown County. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 William H. Jones mustered out June 18, '64. 
 Thomas J. Kennedy killed at Chickasaw Bayou 
 Dec. 29, 1862. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Boldrv, Sylvester, died Feb. 12, 1863. 
 French, Anthony If., died Mar. 17, '64. 
 Jackson, Addison, died Dec. 1st, '63, wounds. 
 Mcintosh, George, deserted Jan. 20, '63. 
 
 Recruit*. 
 
 Bartholomew, Alvin, killed at Chickasaw 
 
 Bayou, Dec. 29, '62. 
 Kennedy, Henry A., trani. to Co. I. 56 111., 
 
 must'd out Sep. 3, '64. 
 
 Fourteenth Infantry.— Three Years Service. 
 
 This regiment was first called into the 
 State service, for thirty days, under the 
 " Ten Regiment Bill." It was mustered in- 
 to service of the State for thirty days, on 
 May 4, 1861, and on the 25th of the 
 same month it was mustered into the 
 United States' Service for three years, 
 by Captain Pitcher, U. S. A. 
 
 The regiment rendezvoused at Camp 
 Duncan, Jacksonville, until late in June, 
 where it received instructions ; then pro- 
 ceeded to Quincy, Illinois, and from 
 thence to Missouri, where, in connection 
 with the Sixteenth Illinois Infantry, 
 July 5, it did good service in keeping 
 down the spirit of the rebellion. In 
 February, 1862, the regiment was ordered 
 to Fort Donelson, where it arrived the 
 day subsequent to its surrender; was
 
 168 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 brigaded with the Fifteenth and Forty- 
 sixth Illinois, and Twenty-fifth Indiana, 
 and assigned to the Second Brigade, 
 Fourth Division, under Brig. Gen. Ste- 
 phen A. Hurlbut. In the meantime, Col 
 Palmer had been promoted, and Maj. 
 Hall was promoted to the Colonelcy. 
 From Fort Donelson, the regiment pro- 
 ceeded to Fort Henry, where it embarked 
 on transports and proceeded up the Ten- 
 nessee river to Pittsburg Landing. In 
 the engagement, April 6th and 7th, when 
 the regiment was for the first time under 
 fire, the loss in killed and wounded was 
 fully one-half the command engaged. 
 The colors, which came out of this 
 bloody conflict, with forty-two bullet 
 holes through them, fully attest the gal- 
 lantry of the command in this memora- 
 ble struggle. The grand charge on the 
 night of the 7th, was made with this 
 regiment in advance, led by Col. Hall. 
 The Fourteenth took an active part in 
 the siege of Corinth, and after its evacu- 
 ation, proceeded to Memphis, and thence 
 to Bolivar, Tenn. The regiment also 
 participated in the fight with the retreat- 
 ing enemy from Corinth, in which it 
 sustained its former reputation. "Was 
 with Grant in northern Mississippi ; 
 was at Vicksburg ; in the siege of Jack- 
 son, Mississippi. At Atlanta, the Four- 
 teenth and Fifteenth Illinois regiments 
 were consolidated, and known as the 
 veteran battalion. In October, 1864, 
 when rebel General Hood made his at- 
 tacks against Sherman's rear, a large 
 number of the battalion were killed, and 
 the major part of the balance were taken 
 prisoners and sent to Andersonville pris- 
 on. Those who escaped capture were 
 mounted, and on the grand march to the 
 sea, acted as scouts and were continually 
 in advance, being the first to drive the 
 enemy's pickets into Savannah, Georgia. 
 The battalion was the first to enter 
 Cheraw, South Carolina; Fayetteville, 
 North Carolina ; and also took part in 
 the battle of Bentonville. Took part 
 in the grand review of Sherman's army, 
 at Washington, D. C, May 24, 186*5. 
 The regiment was mustered out at 
 Leavenworth, Kansas,- Sept 16, 1865. 
 
 During the four years and four months 
 of arduous service, the regiment marched 
 4,490 miles, traveled by rail 2,330 
 miles, and by river 4,490 miles — aggre- 
 gating 11,670 miles. 
 
 Muster Roll Company A.— Mem from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bell, Isaac. 
 
 Boyd, Archibald, died Oct. 11, 1862. 
 
 Day, George W. 
 
 Harris, John H. 
 
 Hatfield, Andrew, vet. sergt., M. O., Sept. 16, 
 
 1865. 
 Hatfield, Charles W. 
 Hollingsworth, Orman, disch'd March 3, 1863, 
 
 disability. 
 Leeds, Gideon R , vet., M.O.,Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Muck, William J. 
 Randall, Josiah. 
 Shaw, Eli. 
 
 M ii«ii i Roll, Company A (Reorganized^. 
 
 Private. 
 Cole, Win. H., recruit M. O., June 24, 1865. " 
 
 Fourteenth (Reorganized i Infantry— Muster 
 Roll, Company B. — Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Captains. 
 Nelson Lovett, hon'bly must'd out May 31, '65. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 .Tared P. Harbour, resigned Aug. 14, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 Julius V. Cox, mustered out June 19, '65. 
 John Forsyth, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 James W. Lampman, must'd out July 27. '65. 
 Tho8. J. Harvey, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Wm. M. C. Hix, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Robt. C. Simpson, mustered out Aug. 11, '65. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Napoleon Cox, mustered out July 6, '65. 
 Joseph McCay, must'd out Aug. 8, '65 as pry. 
 John Brunt, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 John Boggs, mustered out July 31, '65, as ser. 
 Amos Williams, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Douglass Glassgow, must'd out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 James R. Gurty, deserted March 6, 1865. 
 Geo. H. Bradney, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, 
 as sergeant. 
 
 Musicians. 
 
 Daniel McKaskill, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 James W. Post, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 
 Wagoner. 
 
 Solomon Ranney, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 
 • Privates. 
 
 Atkins, Thomas, died Aug. 6, 1865. 
 
 Baird, John F., mustered out Sept. 16, '65, as 
 
 sergeant. 
 Barlow, James D., mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Barlow, John C, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Burkey, John, mustered out July 1, 1865- 
 Buvinger, Wm., mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Ball, Robert, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Brady, John mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Bond, Benj., mustered out June 9, 1865. 
 Bean, Louis A., deserted June 26, 1865. 
 Biggs, Wm. R., mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 i Bell, Francis M., mustered out Sept 16, '65. 
 Brown, Jay, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Barton, Boon, must'd out Sept. 16, '65, as cor. 
 Biggs, John, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Bean, James W., died March 7, '65. 
 Crabb, Benjamin F., deserted June 26, '65. 
 Chapman, John M., mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Curry, John C, mustered out Sep. 16, 1865. 
 Clark, John, deserted June 26, 1865. 
 
 Cox, Wm. E., must'd out Sep. 16, '65, as corp. 
 Davis, Elisha, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Davis, Aaron, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Dexter, Albert C, mustered out Sept. 16, '65 as 
 
 corporal. 
 Davis, William, deserted June 26, 1865. 
 Ellis, William H., Disch'd April 16, '65; die. 
 Ellis, Robert, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Fenn, Robert, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Forsyth, Robert, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Greenwell, Henry, drowned Aug. 3, 1865. 
 Gillis, Milton C.. must'd out June 22. 1865, 
 Green, James, must'd out Sept. 16, '65, as cor. 
 Glenn, Samuel R , died March 15, 1865. 
 Grady, Jesse, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Harvey, Milton Q.. mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Haley, Michael, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Huston, Esquire, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Howell, Wm. H., died March 10, 1865. 
 Jones, John, mustered out Aug. 8, 1865. 
 Ketz, Barney, mustered out Aug. 8. 1865, 
 Keller, Edwin, mustered out Aug. 8, 1865. 
 Kendrick, John, mustered out Aug. 8, 1865. 
 Larkins, Charles, died March 7, 1865. 
 Lake, Solomon, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Munick, Adzora P., must'd out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Masterman, Geo., mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Miller, Isaac, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Masterman John, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 McPhail, James T., must'd out Sept 16, 1865. 
 Maden, Jourden H., deserted June 6, 1865. 
 Myers, Peter, mustered out July 6, 1865. 
 McAlfee, Daniel, mustered out July 6, 1865. 
 Osborn, William F., mustered out July 6, 1856. 
 Orr, Arthur, mustered out July 6, '65. as Co'pl. 
 Parker, John B., mustered out July 6, 1865, as 
 
 Corporal. 
 Patterson, Washington, deserted June 26, '65. 
 Post, Wm. H., died July 9, 1865. 
 Ray, James, mustered out September 16, 1865. 
 Richmond, John P., mustered out Sep. 16, '65. 
 Stephenson, Robert, mustered out July 6, '65. 
 Schenck, Chs., mustered out Sep. 16, '65, as Cp'I. 
 Shields, Robert H., mustered out Sept. 16, 65. 
 Stephenson, Dike B., mustered out Sep. 16, '65. 
 Stephenson, Jeremiah, mustered out Sep. 16/65. 
 Smith, James J., mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Stover, James H. mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Shafer, Marion, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Taybr, Andrew, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Taylor, Franklin, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Taylor, Isaac, mustered out S--pt. 16, 1865. 
 Taylor, Peter, mustered out June 13, 1865- 
 Tucker, Colson. mustered out Sept. 16 1865. 
 Tony, John, mus'ered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Vaughn, Isaac, died Sept. 2, 1865. 
 Wilson. Joseph, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Wa tt, William M., mustered out Aug. 8, '65. 
 Williams, Joseph, mustered out Sept. 16, '65. 
 Waters, James, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 Walker, David W. mustered out Aug 8, '65, as 
 
 Corporal. 
 Yaples, James E., mus'ered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 
 Fifteenth i Reorganized! Infantry— Three 
 Years Service — M en from Schuyler 
 county. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 Job. T. Lane, mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. 
 
 Corpora/. 
 
 William J. Dawson, mustered out Sep. 16, '65. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Hyde, McClure, mustered out July 19, 1865. 
 Hyde, James W., mustered out Sep. 19, 1865. 
 Holdren. David, mustered out Sep. 19, 1865. 
 Hough, Samuel, mustered out Sep. 19, 1865. 
 Huling, James D., mustered out Sep. 19, 1865. 
 Lewis, David, mustered out June 7, 1865. 
 Melngin, William J., mustered out Sep. 16, '65.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 169 
 
 Sixteenth Infantry,— Three Years Serviee. 
 
 The Sixteenth Infantry Illinois Vol- 
 unteers was organized and mustered into 
 the United States serviee at Quincy, 111., 
 under the " Ten Regiment act," on the 
 24th day of May, 1861. It was muster- 
 ed in by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, U. S. A. 
 Robert F. Smith was made colonel. 
 
 On the 12th of June, 1861, moved to 
 Grand River as railroad guard ; and on 
 the 10th, Col. Smith's force was attacked 
 at Monroe Station by 1600 mounted reb- 
 els, but he held his position until the arri- 
 val of re-enforcements, when the enemy 
 fled. On the 16th, lost two men killed 
 and two wounded at Caldwell Station. 
 September 10, was ordered to St. Joseph* 
 Mo.; 14th, together with the Third 
 Iowa Infantry, had a skirmish at Platte 
 City, and returned to St. Joseph on the 
 17th. Was ordered to Bird's Point, 
 Mo., and on the 3d was ordered to New 
 Madrid, where it was attached to the 
 army of Mississippi, Second Brigade, 
 Col. James D. Morgan, First Division 
 Brig., Gen. E. A. Pain commanding. 
 March 13th, it participated in the bat- 
 tle of New Madrid, supporting the 
 siege guns. April 7th, were landed on 
 the opposite side of the Mississippi, with 
 the Tenth Illinois, and followed the re- 
 treating enemy to Tiptonville, Tenn., 
 where they captured 5,000 prisoner , a 
 large amount of artillery, small arms 
 and ammunition. It participated in the 
 siege of Corinth. After the evacuation, 
 pursued the reflating enemy to Boon- 
 ville. July 20, moved to Tuscumbia ; 
 29th, crossed the Tennessee to Florence. 
 September 15th, arrived at Nashville, 
 after a seventeen days' march, with 
 continual guerrilla fighting — loss one 
 killed and five wounded. Garrisoned 
 at Edgefield, guarding railroad bridge. 
 Nov. 5, garrison was attacked by rebel 
 Gen. Morgan, who was repulsed, leaving 
 many dead upon the field. The regi- 
 ment lost one killed and five wounded 
 
 It participated in all the battles of 
 the Atlanta campaign, and accompanied 
 Sherman in the march through Georgia 
 and the Carolinas. Of the more impor- 
 tant engagements the following is the 
 list. Rocky Face Ridge, Dalton, Rome, 
 Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Chattahoochee River, Peach- 
 tree Creek, siege of Atlanta and Jones- 
 boro. At the latter the brigade to which 
 22 
 
 the 16th was attached formed the as- 
 saulting column and handsomely carried 
 the enemy's works, held by Govan's 
 Arkansas brigade, at the point of the 
 bayonet, capturing a 6-gun battery. 
 In the march through Georgia and at 
 the siege of Savannah the regiment bore 
 an honorable part, it being the first or- 
 ganized body to enter Savannah just 
 after daybreak on the morning of De- 
 cember 21, 1864. On the march north- 
 ward, the 44th corps, to which the 16th 
 was attached, occupied a position in the 
 extreme left, and was constantly exposed 
 to the attack of the enemy's cavalry, 
 kept hanging constantly upon Sherman's 
 flank. At Black River, or Averysboro, 
 N. C, March 16, 1865, the regiment 
 met the rebel forces retreating from 
 Charleston, and drove them at the point 
 of the bayonet, losing Capt. White, com- 
 manding regiment. At Bentonville, 
 N. C, March 19 and 20, the command par- 
 licipated in what was probably the most 
 savage fighting of the war for the num- 
 bers engaged with the remaining regi- 
 mentsofthe brigade driven back, the 16th 
 and 14th Michigan were surrounded by 
 Hake's Virginia and North Carolina 
 divisions. Three several times did the 
 16th drive back the rebel 25th North 
 Carolina until the men refused to ad- 
 vance again ; just at this time they were 
 menaced by a rebel 14ne in the rear, 
 and jumping over their unfinished earth- 
 works the regiment, almost annihilated 
 the 54th Virginia whose. colors fell into 
 the hands of the Illinoisans. The next 
 day accompanied by the comrade regi- 
 ment, the 14th Michigan, the 16th led 
 the attack upon Johnson's entrench- 
 ments. The first line was carried with- 
 out difficulty, but the attacking party 
 was repulsed from the second, with 
 heavy loss. The command afterward 
 participated in some slight skirmishing 
 in the neighborhood of Raleigh, but no 
 more active service was required of 
 them. 
 
 The regiment was mustered out of 
 service July 8, 1865, at Louisville, 
 Kentucky. Arrived at camp Butler 
 July 10, 1865, for final payment and 
 discharge. 
 
 Non-t'ommlssioneu Staff.— Men from Sehny- 
 ler County. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant. 
 James II. Wilson, mustered out June 28, '65. 
 
 REGIMENTAL IUXI). — THIRD CL.<S5. 
 
 Baxter, Jas, formerly of Co.N.M.O.,May 8, '62. 
 Muster Roll, Company B. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 McKinley, Charles, vet., Pro. Ser^t., M. O., 
 
 July 8, 1865, wounds. 
 Thompson, Isaiah, vet., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Brown, Wallace, mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Bowers, Martin, mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Baxter, James, mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Erlert, Philip, mustered out July 12, 1865. 
 Plymate, Benson, mustered out July 12, 1865 ; 
 wounded. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Roberts, John, discharged July 8, 1862. 
 Muster Roll, Company I '.. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Brumback, Irvine, mustered out June 12, 1865. 
 Cox, David J., mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 Moore, Win. B., vit., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Pennington, Isaac, died Dec 13, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company G. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 William H McAllister, resigned June 21, '62. 
 William G. Ritchey, dismissed June 7, 1863. 
 Marcus D. L. Manlove, resigned (as Lieut.) July 
 27, 1863 ; commission canceled. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 George W. Parrott, resigned Jan 7, 1865. 
 William S. Marlow, mustered out July 8, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Lewis E. Garrison, must, out as Strg't,July8,'65 
 
 Sergeants. 
 (ieorge Barnhart. 
 William J. Dodds, tr. to 60 III., Jan. 1, 1864 ; 
 
 M. O. June 2i, 1865. 
 John Trush, killed at Columbia Sep. 10, 1862. 
 Matthew II. Belomy, discharged July 17, '62. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 John E. Smith, tr. to 60 III., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Tbomas A. Lashmet, vet., must, out July 8, '65 
 Lyman, Ryley. 
 
 rrivates 
 
 Abbott, Charles, vet., mus. out July 8, 18C5. 
 
 Baker, William H. 
 
 Berry, Frederick E., tr. to 60111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Botchlctt, Adam, vet., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Bennett, John, tr. 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864, 
 
 Bowman, Jacob L., vet,, mus. out July 8,1865. 
 
 Cramer, Walter, died Oct. 16, 1861. 
 
 Curtis, Jefferson H. 
 
 Dimmick, James M., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 
 
 1864, dis,.h. 
 Dimmick, Joseph W., tr. to 60 111.. Jan. 1, 
 
 1st; t. disch. for disability. 
 Bailey, Barton \V„ vet., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Jordan, .hums M., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Leonard, Orlando; vet., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Milbv, William, vet., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Nelson, Andrew 1L, tr. to 60 111., Jan 1, 1864. 
 Sokes, Sanson, tr. to 60 III., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Owens, Washington W., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 
 
 1864. 
 Sidebotham, Isaac, vet., mus. out Julv 8, 1865. 
 Stodgell, Tilman. died March 9, L862. 
 Willard, Marshall, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864.
 
 170 
 
 HISTORY OF SCJIUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Veteran*. 
 
 Applegate, Albert, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Barrv, John, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Blackburn, Thomas J., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Collins, John, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Cannon, William, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Currier, Elon T., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Crook, Reuben I., tr. to Co. A. 16th 111.; April 
 
 1, 1864. 
 Dunken, John, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Dupo, Moses, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Garrison, Lewis E., mus. out July 8, 1865, as 
 
 sergt. 
 Heiser, Joseph F., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Hunter, William A., mus. out July 8, 1865, as 
 
 corpl. 
 Jones, Elijah, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Kelly, Thomas, mus. out July 8. 1865. 
 Kunkell, John A., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Lander, John, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Lester, Cyrus, deserted June 3, 1864. 
 McFarland, James E., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 McGrath, Thomas C, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Matthews, EbenezerD., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Moriartv, John, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Marsh, Lemuel G., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Mitchell, Edward, miss, in act., Mar. 20, 1865. 
 Naught, Charles, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Newell, Thomas, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Owens, Francis M., mus. out July 8, 1865, as 
 
 corpl. 
 Owens, Andrew J., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Stockburger, Matthias, mus. out July 8, 1865, 
 
 as sergt. 
 Schofield, George, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Shaw, Samuel, killed Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 
 
 18, 1865. 
 Wilson, Jeremiah M., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Westlake, Matthew, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Westlake, Jesse, mus. out July 8, 1865. as cor. 
 Wyat, Andrew A., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 • 
 Recruit*. 
 Blair, James, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Boyce, John D., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Barnes, Wilber A., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Eaves, Enoch, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Gapen, E. U. 
 
 Howe, James C, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Howe, Edward, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 McAnley, James, disch. Jan. 1, 1865. 
 Marlow, James. 
 
 Manlove, Solon L., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Nelson, Peel, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Prickett, John J., mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 Pitman, Baird D., killed at Nashville Dec. 15, 
 
 1864. 
 Riddings, David A., mus. out June 12, 1865. 
 Rose, William B., mus. out June 13, 1865, as 
 
 corpl. 
 Rhodes, Isaac N., mustered out July 8, 1865. 
 Tole, Reuben H., disch. 
 Woods, Enoch. 
 
 Mtutor Roll, Company B. — Mfnfh>mBrown 
 eounty. 
 
 1'rivate. 
 McKinney, Middleton, disch. May 4, 1862. 
 Mnster Roll, Company C. 
 
 Recruit*. 
 Clarkson, Andrew D., vet, mus. out July 8, 
 
 1865. 
 Sheff, Hardin, vet., pro. sergt., mus. out Julv 
 
 8, 1865. 
 
 Master Roll, Company ES. 
 
 Captains. 
 Samuel E. Taylor, resigned June 20, 1862. 
 
 16, 1861. 
 
 Calvin H. Wilson, died June 16, 1864. 
 Robert A. Glenn, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 Jefferson Burton, resigned Dec. 4, 1862. 
 Benjahiin F. Putnam, resigned May 9, 1863. 
 Geo. W. Brown, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Henrv C. O'Neal, mus. out as sergt. Julv 8, 
 1865. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 Miles D. Murphy, tr. to Co. H, 50 111., Oct. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 Willis H. H. O'Neal, mus. out July 8, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 John Massey, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Arthur J. Means, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Benjamin J. Barker, vet., pro. sergt., mus. out 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Henrv O'Neal, vet., pro. sergt., mus. out July 
 
 8, 1865. 
 Lei-ov T. Judson, vet., pro. corpl., mus. out 
 
 July 8, 1865, 
 Daniel O'Neal, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Benjamin Halev, vet., pro. sergt., mus. out 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Alexander January. 
 
 Musicians. 
 Thomas M. Birdwell, died March 5, 1862. 
 Thomas M. Sanders, vet., mus. out July 8, '65. 
 
 Privates. 
 Allen, Christopher. 
 Burton, Luther C, vet., pro. corpl., mus. out 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Baird, Francis S. 
 
 Butler, John B., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Bell, John, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Bollinger, John. 
 
 Breeding, John, deserted June 10, 1864. 
 Curry, William J., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Chapman, James H., mus. out June 23, 1864. 
 Coffman, John F., mus. out June 23. 1864. 
 Clifford, William E., died July 15, 1862. 
 Dennis, Svlvester, pris. of war, mus. out June 
 
 7, 1865. 
 
 Dawson, George W., tr. to 60 111., Jan, 1, '64. 
 Decker, Solomon, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Flemming, Elijah, died Dec. 7, 1862. 
 Gibson, James J., vet., mustered out July 8, 
 
 1865. 
 Gibson, Klijah B., vet., pro. Serg't., M. O., 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Gibson, John A., killed at St. Joseph, Mo., 
 
 Jan. 22, 1862. 
 Gray, Andrew, vet., M. 0., July 8, 1865. 
 Grimsley, Harrison, vet., died Jan. 5, 1865. 
 Hall, Charles R. 
 
 Hamilton, Alexander, disch'd. Oct. 18, 1862. 
 Hemphill, James, killed Nov. 5, 1862. 
 Hagertv, Paul, vet., must, out, July 8, 1865. 
 Himer, Jas. J., transf'd. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Halev, John M., transf'd. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 
 
 1864. 
 Harding, Wm. H., transf'd. to 60 111., Jan. 1. 
 
 1864. _ 
 Javnes, Cyrus R., vet., prisoner of war, M. 0. 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Kendrick, Robert S., vet. died 1862, Jan. 2. 
 
 1865. 
 Knowlton, Chas. A., died 1862. 
 Kasinger, Philip. 
 Lewis, Benjamin W., trans, to 60 111., Jan. 1, 
 
 1864. 
 Lewis, Thomas A. 
 Lewis, Abraham, vet. pro. corp'l. M. 0., Julv 
 
 8, 1865. 
 
 Mennium, Sampson P., died Dec. 5, 1861. 
 McDevilt, Patrick, vet., pro. corp'l., M. O., 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 McDonald, John. 
 Norton, Wm., killed EdgeBeld, Tenn., Oct. 
 
 27, 1862. 
 Patterson, George N., vet., pro. corp'l., M. 0., 
 
 July 8, 1865. 
 Paugh, Miles M., vet., pro. corp'l., M. O., July 
 
 8, 1865. 
 Parker, George W., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 18, 1864. 
 Patton, Edward, vet., M. 0., Julv 8, 1865. 
 Perry, John E., disch'd. July 18," 1862. 
 Rush, Harvey U., mustr'd out, June 23, 1864. 
 Rockwood, John A. 
 
 Sands, Wm. D., mustr'd out, Aug. 1, 1864. 
 Shields, Cyrus, trans, to 60 ni., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Shields, William. 
 Stockton, Robert. 
 Trabue, George A., vet., must'd. out, Julv 8, 
 
 1865. 
 Thompson, John. 
 Tolle, Caleb. 
 
 Taylor, Wm., vet., must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 Woods, Wm. W.,tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 Wheeler, John N., disch'd. April 10. 1862. 
 Wartherby, Wm. B., died Feb. 19, 1862. 
 Woerth, Mathias, vet., must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 Welsh, Patrick, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Brunk, Jacob A., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Bell, James E. 
 
 Burnett, Leonard F., must'd. out, July 8, 1865 
 
 Cannon, John, vet., must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 ! Clark, Martin, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 \ Dalton, John, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 | Donald, Thomas P., tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Dewier, Michael, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Ellis, Wm., vet., must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 East, Thomas B., must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Fanning, Samuel T., from 101 Ills. Inft'ry. died. 
 
 Glenn, Henry A., must'd. out, July 18, 1865. 
 , Hedrick, Sevier, must'd. out, July 18, 1865. 
 
 Hall, Alexander, must'd out, July 18, 1865. 
 
 Hammond, Lvman J., killed Bentonville, N. 
 C. Mar. 19, 1865. 
 
 Hindman, Chas., must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Henderson, Hiram. 
 
 Lutes, Allan, pro. corp'l., M. 0. July 8, 1865. 
 
 Mallory, Warren, must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Mallorv, John, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Nichols, John, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Orr, James, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Price, Arthur, tr. to 60 111., Jan. 1, 1861. 
 
 Roberts, Stephen, must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Rollv, Sevniore, must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Salthouse", Thomas, tr. to 60 111. Jan. 1, 1865. 
 
 Shields, Chas., must'd. out, June 12, 1865. 
 
 Stelter, Henry, must'd. out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Townsend, Spencer must'd out, July 8, 1865. 
 
 Vance, Ellison, disch'd. Apr. 14, 1865. 
 
 Walker, Wm., tr. from 101 111., M. 0. Julv 8, 
 1865. 
 
 Warmon, John, died July 17, 1864. 
 
 Blfchteenth .Reorealitzedi Infantry. — Three 
 Years Service — Mi n from Schuyler eonnty. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 
 Daniel R. P. Johnson, resigned Oct. 21, 1855. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bishop, Daniel J., must'd. out, Dec. 16, 1865- 
 Homman, Michael, died at Little Rock, Ark., 
 
 May 18, 1865. 
 Hangstler, Berhard, must'd. out, Dec. 16, 
 
 1865, as corp'l. 
 Klinert, Augustus, must'd. out, Dec. 16, 1865. 
 
 as corp'l.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 171 
 
 Nineteenth Infantry. Three Years Service. 
 Muster Roll. Company F. — From Schuy- 
 ler County. 
 
 Veterans. 
 
 Hamilton, Thomas A., tr. to head quarters, 
 14, A. C. 
 
 Twentieth Infantry.— Three Years Service. 
 From Schuyler County. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonels. 
 Evan Richards, killed in battle, May 12, 1863. 
 
 Twenty-First Infantry. — Three Years Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 This was Grant's regiment. It was from 
 the Seventh Congressional District and was or- 
 ganized at Mattoon, Illinois, on the 9th of 
 May, 1861. On the loth of May it was mus- 
 terered into the State service for 30 d^ys, by 
 Capt. U. S. Grant, and June 28th it was 
 mattered into the U. S. service for three years, 
 with U. S. Grant as colonel. Grant was com- 
 missioned Brig. Gen. Aug. 6, 1861, and was 
 succeeded bv Col. J. W. S. Alexander, who was 
 killed Sept.' 20, 1863, at Chickamauga. The 
 regiment did good service, and was mustered 
 out Dec. 16, 186-5, at San Antonia, Texas. The 
 few names below were from these counties. 
 
 Muster Roll Company D.— Men from 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Hall, George W. transferred from 75 Illinois, 
 
 M. O. Dec. 16, 1865. 
 Hubbard, Albert, transferred from 75 Illinois, 
 
 M. O. Oct. 12, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company F. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Standard, Charles B. transferred from 75 Illi- 
 nois, M. O. Oct. 12,65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company F.— Men front 
 Brown county. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Gradv, Charles M. tr. from 84 111., M. O. Dec. 
 
 16, 1865. 
 Myers, Gilbert K., tr. from 84 III., M. O. Dec. 
 
 16, 1865. 
 Myers, George T., tr. from 84 111., M. O. Dec. 
 
 16, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company C— Twenty-Seventh 
 Infantry — Three Years Service — Men 
 from Brown county. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 Andrew J. Sides, died June 27, 1864. 
 Privates. 
 
 Biddle, W. H., mustered out Sept. 20, 1864. 
 
 Brown, Samuel died at Decatur, Ala., Sept. 1, 
 1862. 
 
 Brown, John, mustered out Sept. 20, 1864. 
 
 Conner, Thomas H., veteran. 
 
 Dawson, John O., dishonorably discharged 
 Dec. 8, 1865. 
 
 Feban, Kobert, capt'd May 9, 1864, ex. never 
 rep. to Co. 
 
 Huston, James W., discharged Feb. 28, 1862, 
 accidental wounds. 
 
 Jaquish, Almo, wounded at Belmont, Chicka- 
 mauga, and Dallas, M. O. Sept. 20, 1864 
 
 Lisembee, Joseph, discharged June 15, 1864, 
 wounds. 
 
 Beeves, Noble, veteran, tr. to U. S. V. V. 
 engs, July 18, 1864. 
 
 Reed, James, discharged Feb. 18, 1863, disa- 
 bility. 
 
 Scanlan, George, died at Tuscaloosa, Sept. 10, 
 1862, prisoner. 
 
 Sullivan, William, vet., died at home April 
 
 14, 1864. 
 Whitehead, George W., discharged March 13, 
 
 1862, disability. 
 
 Twenty-eighth Infantry.— Three Years 
 Service. 
 
 This regiment volunteers was organized 
 at Camp Butler, Illinois, in August, 1861, 
 by Lieutenant-Colonel Louis H. Waters 
 and Major Charles J Sellon. September 
 9th it reported at Bird's Point, Missouri, 
 and thence into Fort Holt, Kentucky, 
 and was assigned to Col. W. L. Smith's 
 brigade, Gen. Lew Wallace's division 
 February 6th took part in the capture 
 of Forts Henry and Heiman. On the 
 13th,adetachmentof forty-eight men and 
 twelve officers, under Col. Johnson, met 
 the enemy (five hundred strong), at Lit- 
 tle Bethel Church, five miles from Fort 
 Henry, and immediately attacked and 
 routed them. At Pittsburg Landing, 
 April 6th, 1862, it was called into line, 
 early in the morning, and marched half 
 a mile to the front, where it met the 
 enemy, driving Gen. Prentiss. It was 
 assigned to a position on the left of the 
 line, in the Peach Orchard, and the 
 enemy immediately attacked it, but were 
 repulsed, and it held its position until 
 3 o'clock, P. M., when it was ordered to 
 retire by Brigadier-General S A. Hurl- 
 but, commanding the "Old Fighting 
 Fourth Division." 
 
 The following morning it took position 
 on the right of the line and was hotly 
 engaged until the battle closed and the 
 victory was won. The regiment sustained, 
 in these two trying, bloody days, a loss 
 of 239 killed and wounded. 
 
 It also participated in the siege of 
 Corinth during the month of May, 1862. 
 October oth, engaged in the battle of 
 Matamora, on the Hatchie river, losing 
 97 killed, wounded, and missing. En. 
 gaged in the siege of Vicksburg, from 
 June 11th to July 4th, 1863, and occu- 
 pied a position to the left of the centre, 
 on the Hall's Ferry road. July 12th, 
 1863, near Jackson, Mississippi, the 41st, 
 53d, and 28th Illinois, and 3d I-,wa In- 
 fantry, not exceeding 800 men, were or- 
 dered to charge across an open, level 
 corn field, about six hundred yards, and 
 carry a strong line of the enemy's works, 
 mounting twelve guns, and manned by 
 at least 2000 men. The brigade marched 
 gallantly forward under a destructive fire 
 of grape, canister, and minnie bullets. 
 
 The enemy appearing upon both flanks, 
 as it reached the ditch, it was compelled 
 to fall back, with a loss of more than half 
 of the rank and file killed or wounded. 
 Of the eight companies of this regiment 
 in line, numbering 128 men, it lost 73 
 killed and wounded, and 16 taken pris- 
 oners. January 4th, 1864, the regiment, 
 having re-enlisted as veterans, was mus- 
 tered for three, years' veteran service. 
 May i 8th, proceeded to Illinois for v- te- 
 ran furlough. Returning, arrived at 
 Natchez, July 8th. October 10th, regi- 
 ment was consolidated into four compa- 
 nies. November 23d, the regiment was 
 at Memphis, and received 200 recruits, 
 which were organized into two compa- 
 nies. It was at Spanish Fort, March 
 27th, when in the advance, the regiment 
 occupied the extreme right of the divis- 
 ion and corps, which position it held 
 during the entire siege of fourteen days, 
 losing fourteen killed and wounded, in- 
 cluding two captains. The regiment 
 was mustered out March 15th, 1866. 
 
 Men from Schuyler Count. 
 
 Major. 
 
 Barclay C. Gillam, resigned Nov. 21, 1862 ; 
 wounded in left arm at Shiloh. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company <-. 
 
 Captains. 
 Oregon Richmond, resigned Mar. 14, 1862. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 Elias G. W. Bridgewater, resigned 'an. 10, '63. 
 John McGorie, killed July 16, 1863. 
 John J. Asmer, mustered out Oct. 9, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Michael Gapin, killed July 16, 1863. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 William Thompson, discharged for disability. 
 
 William Deal, wounded at Shiloh Apr. 6, 1862. 
 
 Abraham Bell, accidentally killed, May 6, 1864, 
 
 on R. R, at Camp Butler, III. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Wm. H. Bell, disch. Aug. 26, 1864, as Serg't; 
 
 term expired. 
 Wm. B Ross, diRch. Mar. 29 ; '62, disability. 
 A. J. Ruark, vet., sick in hos'al at m. o. of regt. 
 William F. Robbins, vet. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Black, Wm., disch. Nov. 1, 1861, disability. 
 Bounser, Jno. M., disch. Aug. 26, '64 ; term ex. 
 Bridgewater, James II., vet., m. o. Mar. 15, '66. 
 Casteel, John C, vet., disch. Apr. 29, '62 ; dis'y. 
 Clifton, Geo. W., disch. Sept. 19, '62 ; disabil'y. 
 Dixon, Charles, deserted July 29, 1862. 
 Dupuy, Geo. W., disch. Aug. 26, '64 ; term ex. 
 Dodds, David, vet., on furlough at m. o. of regt. 
 Dance, Jacob, killed at Shiloh Apr. 6, 1862. 
 Edminston, John. m 
 
 Flaury, Michael. 
 
 Frisby, Hiram, vet., mustered out Mar. 15, '66. 
 Gossage, Hiram, disch. Aug. 26, '64; term ex. 
 Gillett, Chas. C, disch. Aug. 26, '64, as sergt. ; 
 term expired.
 
 172 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS 
 
 Hardy, James M., vet., must, out Mar. 15, '66 
 Haskell, Clias. F deserted June 30, 1862. 
 Hamilton, Wm H., vet , in. o. Mar. 15, '66 as 
 
 corporal. 
 Hill, Nathan, discli. Aug. 26, 1864: term ex. 
 Hamilton, Joseph, died at Natchez, Miss , Sept. 
 
 1st, 1863. 
 Ingram, Geo. \V., killed at Shiloh, Apr. 6, '66. 
 Johnson, Andrew J., dis. June 17, '64 ; disab'y. 
 Jones, Albert, died at h t. Holt Ky., Jan. 30, '62. 
 Keller, Joseph, vet., diseh. to re-enlist in 1st U. 
 
 8. artillery. 
 Kirkham, Wm. H, discli. Aug. 26,'64 ; term ex. 
 Kirkham, Geo. H., vet., m. o. Mar. 15, '66, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Lesure, Win. J., absent, sick at m. o. of regt , 
 
 sergeant. 
 Leslie, Albert G., killed at Shiloh Apr. 6, '62 
 League, Kichard A., vet., m out Mar. 15, '66. 
 Lvnch. Edward, died at Ft. Holt, Kv., Oct. 4, 
 
 1861. 
 Mitchell, Jaa. M , disch. Nov. 29, '62; disab'y. 
 Mason, Abraham T., disch. Apr. 26,'62 ; disab'y. 
 Mason, George H. 
 Mason, William E. 
 Masterson, Svlvester T., dis. vet., m. o. Mar. 16, 
 
 1866. 
 Mann, Robert, died at Ft. Holt, Ky., Jan. 4, '63. 
 Maxwell, H. C, disch. Aug. 26, 1864; term ex. 
 M inin, George, disch. Apr. 16, 1862 ; disabil'v. 
 Parker, John W., deserted Feb. 11, 1862. 
 I'ridmore, Geo , vet., m. o. Mar. 15, '66, as Corp. 
 Parks, Henry J., disch. Aug. 26, 1864 ; term ex. 
 Robbius, John M., disch. Aug. 26, '64 ; term ex. 
 Roberts, Wesley E\, wounded, m. o. Apr. 6, '65. 
 Ruark, Robt. M., vet. mu-t out Mar. 15, 1866. 
 Suddeth, Rice D., disch. Nov. 22, 62; disab'y. 
 Shaw, Duncan, disch. Feb. 27,1862; disability. 
 Starr, Edward, vet., must, out Mar. 15, 1866. 
 Sypes, Joseph B., disch. Nov. 1. '61 ; disability. 
 Stockwell, Jasper, disch. Aug. 26, '64 ; ter. ex. 
 Tyson, Win. T., disch. Aug. 26, '64; term ex. 
 Tyson, Geo. W., vet., disch. to re-enlist in 1st 
 
 U. S. artillery. 
 Tyson, Cornelius, died at Mound City Oct. 25, 
 
 1861. 
 Taylor, Duncan, disch. Aug. 26, '64; term ex. 
 Tucker, Green B.. killed at Shiloh Apr. 6, '62. 
 Vanorder, Andrew J., vet., m. o. Mar. 15, 1866. 
 Vanorder, John E.,di-ch. Aug. 26, '64 ; ler.ex. 
 White, Ja-per, deserted Feb. 11, 1862 
 
 Veteran*. 
 Ruark. Andrew J., sick at m. o. of regiment. 
 Robbing, Francis M 
 Sargent, James W., mustered out Mar. 15, '66- 
 
 Recruits. 
 Adams, John Q., disch. to enlist in U. S. artil'y. 
 Bjst, Napoleon, died at Ft. Heiman, Feb. 15, 
 
 1862. 
 Casteel, Wm. M, disch. Apr. 29, '62; disab'y. 
 Davis, Cvrus,killed at Hatchie river, Oct. 5, '62 
 Paisley, Win. W-, disch. Aug. 16. '62; disab'y. 
 Riitenhouse. Henry, disch. Dec. 17, '61 ; disab'y. 
 Rittenhouse, Enoch, disch. Aug. 1 1, '62 ; disab'y. 
 Sloat, Ansel W., disch. Mar. 29, 1862 ; disab'y. 
 Suddeth, George W. 
 Suddeth, William H. 
 
 tfustei Roll i • 1 1 1 1 p. • 1 1 j II. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Chas. Putts, disch. Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired. 
 
 Larkin, Cameron, disch. Aug. 26, '64 ; term ex. 
 
 Privates. 
 Harmon, Standfield P., disch. Aug. 26, 1864 ; 
 
 term expired. 
 Hollingsworth, Jno., Jr., disch. Aug. 26, 1864; 
 
 term expired. • 
 Hooker, Reuben, veteran. 
 Hollingsworth, Jno. P., vet., m. o. Mar. 15, '66. 
 Milby, Edward, discli. Dec. 24, 1862; wounds. 
 Manlove. Jno. R., died Pittsburg Landing, Mar. 
 
 22, 1862. 
 
 Potts, Nelson, disch. Aug. 26, 1864;. term ex. 
 
 Sparks, Edward B., disch July 25, '62 ; wounds. 
 Recruits. 
 
 Harmon, John P., provost sergeant. 
 I Potts, Wilson, d'vch. Sept. 4, 1864 ; term ex. 
 ' Potts, James, disch. Sept. 27, 1864 ; term ex. 
 
 Potts, Geo., disch. July 22, 1864 ; disability. 
 
 Master Roll, Company I-'.. — Mi u from 
 Kiohii county. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Johnson, Owen M., disch'd Aug 26, '64, tin. ex. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company G. 
 
 Pri rates. 
 Canada, Wm. A., wonn'd at Shiloh, vet. M. 0. 
 
 Mar. 15, 1866. 
 Killian, David, killed at Shiloh, Apr. 6, 1862. 
 Miller, Bouredder A., wounded at Shiloh, Vet- 
 . disch'd to enlist in 1st U. S. Artillery 
 
 Twenty-Eighth (Consolidated) Infantry. 
 Muster Roll, Company Iv. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 James N. Mitchell, mustered out Mar. 14, '66. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 John Crawford, mustered out Mar. 15, 1866. 
 James Neville, " " " 
 
 'Privates. 
 
 Henderson, Charles, deserted April 1, 1865. 
 McLean William P., mustered out Mar. 15, '66. 
 Skiles, Lewis B. 
 Wheeler, John, died of wounds, Aug. 8. 1865. 
 
 Thirty-nrst Infantry. — Three years service. 
 Muster Roll, Company D. — Men from 
 Brown county. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Adams, Joel K. 
 
 Thirty-second Infantry. — Three Years Ser- 
 vice.- Muster Roll, Company H. — Men 
 from Brown county. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 William H. York, resigned Sept. 29, 1864. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 Edmund N. Hobson. deserted July 4, 1862. 
 
 Corporal. 
 Geo. W. Langdon, vet. mus'd out Sep. 16, '65. 
 
 Privates. 
 Cross, John, died at Camp Butler, 1861. 
 Sullens, Washington, mus. out Sep. 16, 1865. 
 Stewart, Robert, killed at Shiloh, Apr. 6, '62. 
 Sargent, John T., woun. at " discharged. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Dewitt, Wm. T., killed at Shiloh, Apr. 6, '62. 
 Gunning, Evan L., vet., deserted July 6, '66. 
 
 Thirty-third Infantry.— Three fears Ser- 
 service.— Nou-Commissioned Staff from 
 Schuyler County. 
 
 Drum Major. 
 
 William ('. Rolls, discs. May 18, '(i.j. disub'lty. 
 
 Thirty-fourth Infantry.— Three Years Ser- 
 vice.— Muster Roll, Company B. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Marshall, Frank, vet., must'd out July 12. '66. 
 Recruit*. 
 
 Ohmert, Jesse. 
 
 Quaekeubush, David J., nuis. out July 12, '65. 
 Upton, Geo. Y., vet. recruit. M. ( ). July 12, '65. 
 
 Drafted and Substitute Recruits. 
 
 Achman, Stephen N.. sub. M. <). May 24. '65. 
 
 Mu-li r Roll, Company G. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Davis, Wm. R., died at St. Louis, Jul. 11, '62. 
 
 Thirty-ninth Infantry, Three Years Service. 
 Mnster Roll Company B. — Men from 
 Brown County. 
 
 Corporal. 
 
 Eliott B. Hill, disch. Aug 5th, 1 862 ; disability . 
 
 Muster Roll Company H. 
 
 Corporal. 
 
 Miles B. Edmiston, disch. Oct. 17, 1862 ; dis- 
 ability. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Rue, John A, died Oct. 18, 1864; wounds. 
 Weedman, Norman A. M. O. Dec. 6, 1865 ; as 
 Corpl. 
 
 Forty-tlrst Infantry, Three Years Service. — 
 Muster Roll Company !■'. — Men from 
 Brown County. 
 
 Privates. 
 Dixon, William, mustered out Aug. 20, 1864. 
 Gesford, Henry, mustered out Aug. 20, 1864. 
 Murphy, William, m. o.Aug. 20, '64; assergt. 
 Murphy, John P., died at Paducah, Kv.. Dec. 
 
 11, 1861. 
 McDonald, George, tr., to V. R. C. Sept. 1 9, 
 
 1863. 
 Page, Spencer C, killed Ft. Donelson, Feb.' 
 
 15, '62. 
 Page, Justin, in. o. Aug. 20, 1864. 
 Wright, James, m. o. Aug. 20, 1864. 
 
 Forty-sixth Infantry, Three Years Service- 
 Muster Roll Company D. — Men from 
 Schuyler County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Wittenmeyer, John H., m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I '.. — Men from Brown 
 County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Mann, Frank, m. o. Jan. 20, 1865. 
 Plants, Victor A., in. o. Jan. 20, 1865. 
 
 Forty-seventh Infantry, (Consolidati d) 
 Three Years Service. — Muster Roll Com- 
 pany F. 
 
 The above named regiment was organ- 
 ized at Peoria, Aug. 16, 1861. This 
 was a strong and gallant regiment, and 
 did good service, always manifesting 
 bravery and courage on the field of bat- 
 tle. It was mustered out Jan. 21, 1866. 
 The following named persons were from 
 these counties in this regiment: 
 
 Men from Schuyler County. 
 
 I'rirates. 
 Bailey. John H., mustered out Jan. 21. 1866. 
 Black, Bernard, mustered out Jan. 21, 1866. 
 MeKinney. James O., m. o. Jan. 21, 1866. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Pestil, Joseph, mustered out Jan. 21, 1866.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 173 
 
 Muster Roll Company F.— Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Corporah. 
 John F. Keller, orKeffer, m. o. Jan. 21, 1866. 
 
 Musicians. 
 William F. Cox, m. o. Jan. 21, '66 as pv't. 
 
 Wagoner. 
 Shipton K. Cox, m. o. Jan. 21, '66, as pv't. 
 
 Private. 
 McCormick, James, m. o. Jan, 21, 1866. 
 
 Fiftieth Infantry.—TUree Years Service. 
 
 Was organized at Quincy, Illinois, in 
 August, 1861, by Col. M. B. Bane, and 
 mustered into United States' service, 
 September 12, 1861, by Capt. T. G. 
 Pitcher, U. S. A. On the 9th of Octo- 
 ber it moved to Hannibal, Missouri ; 
 19th, to Chillicothe; November 27th, 
 to St. Joseph, reporting to Col. R. F. 
 Smith, commanding post; January 21st, 
 1862, was ordered to Cairo, Illinois, and 
 from thence to Smithland, Kentucky, 
 where the regiment reported to Colonel 
 Lauman, January 28th ; February 6th, 
 marched into Fort Henry ; 12th, formed 
 a part of Col John Cook's Third Bri- 
 gade, of the Second Division, and moved 
 against Fort Donelson, in which battle 
 it took an active part, February 14th 
 and loth; on the 25th of March, was 
 ordered to Pittsburg Landing ; engaged 
 in the battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 
 7th, and in the siege of Corinth in 
 May, 1862 ; October 3d, moved out 
 against the enemy, who were approach- 
 ing under Price, Van Dorn, and Villi- 
 pigue; on the 5th, it engaged in the bat- 
 tle of Corinth; December 18th, went 
 on a scout to Lexington, Tennessee ; had 
 a skirmish at Bear Creek, 17th ; also at 
 Cherokee, and atNewsome's Farm; 27th, 
 moved toward Town Creek, and fought 
 the enemy under General Forrest, at 
 Town Creek, on the -28th; November 
 17th, the regiment was mounted, by 
 order of Major-General Dodge. Jan- 
 uary 1st, 1864, three-fourths of the men 
 of the regiment re-enlisted, and were 
 mustered January 16th, and started on 
 veteran furlough to Illinois ; left for the 
 field again, February 28th, moved from 
 Quincy; 13th, was ordered to Athens, 
 Alabama ; on the 17th of May met the 
 enemy at a cross-roads near Oostanaula 
 river, and after some fighting, drove 
 him from the field, the regiment losing 
 one man killed and seven wounded. 
 June 3d, one hundred and fifty men from 
 
 the brigade, and one hundred from the 
 First Alabama Cavalry, made an expe- 
 dition to Cedar Town, Major Hanna, of 
 the Fiftieth, commanding, and returned, 
 and on the 6th to Cave Spring, and re- 
 turned, both times capturing prisoners 
 and horses. In August, Colonel Rowett, 
 of the Seventh Illinois Infantry, took 
 command of the brigade. October 4th, 
 took cars for Allatoona, at 8 o'clock, 
 p. m., arriving there at midnight. Be- 
 gan skirmishing at daylight, and by 10 
 o'clock the whole force was fiercely en- 
 gaged with Hood's army. The enemy 
 was repulsed, the regiment losing eighty- 
 seven killed, wounded, and missing. Oc- 
 tober 13th, Lieutenant-Colonel Hurlbut 
 commanding brigade, and Captain Horn 
 commanding regiment, it moved out on 
 Cave Spring road, and met the enemy 
 six miles out, with two pieces of artil- 
 lery. January 20th and 21st, fought 
 the enemy at Bentonville, losing two 
 killed and fourteen wounded. 
 
 July 3d, in the prize drill between the 
 Sixty-third Illinois, Seventh Iowa, and 
 Fiftieth Illinois, the regiment won the 
 prize banner. 
 
 It was mustered out of service by 
 Captain W. B. Guthrie, Eighty-first 
 Ohio Volunteers, and A. C. M. Arrived 
 at Camp Butler, Illinois, July 14th, 
 1865, for final payment and discharge. 
 
 The list below gives the names of 
 those who enlisted from these counties. 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. — Men from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Seater, Lewis C, m'd out July 13, '65, as c'pl. 
 
 Muster Roll Company H. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 John Cooper, resigned Aug. 20, 1864. 
 
 Corporals. 
 David C. Long, vet., died at Pulaski, Tenn., 
 Mar. 23, '64. 
 
 Privates. 
 Bruner, Zachariah, died at St. Joseph, Mo., 
 
 May 9, '62. 
 i Friday, George W., vet., ab. sick, at mus. out 
 
 of regt. 
 : Friday, Jacob, vet., discharged June 20, 1862. 
 Long, John P., vet., mus. out July 13, 1865, 
 as sergt. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Bailey, William H., mus. out June 2, 1865. 
 Boweman, Newton, mus. out June 22, wounds. 
 Howser, Charles F., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 McClure, Charles, mus. out June 22, 1865. 
 Moody, James W., mus. July 13, 1865. 
 Wllmot, James, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 
 Men From Brown county. 
 
 Major. 
 Sauel, R. Glenn, discharged Oct. 9, 1862. 
 
 Corporal. 
 Leopold, Purpose. 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. 
 
 Musician. 
 George Thomas, trans, to 56 III., pro principal 
 musician, M. O., Aug. 20, 1864. 
 
 Privates. 
 Farmer, AVilliam, mus out July 13, 1865. 
 Gill, Frederick, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Giese, Adolphus, mus. out Sept. 27, 1864. 
 Ketsly, Lorenzo, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Long, John T., disch. Jan. 1, 1864, to re-enlist 
 
 as vet. in 1st Mo. artillery. 
 Lambert, Steven H., mus out Sept. 27, 1864. 
 Miller, Abraham, mus. out Sept. 27, 1864. 
 Pyle, Elbert, mus. out Sept. 27, 1864. 
 Shank, John, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Thompson, Thomas, died at Corinth. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Kinehart, John H., died at Louisville, April 
 
 1, 1862. 
 Scroggan, Isham, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Scroggan, James A., mus. out July 13, 1865, 
 
 was prisoner. 
 Scroggan, Younger A., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Scroggan, Taylor, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Sweed, Edward, mus. out June 24, 1865, was 
 
 prisoner. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Thomas Kennedy, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 
 Privutis. 
 
 Cooper, Henry C , vet-, mus July 13, 1865. 
 Cook, Hiram, mus. out t^ept. 27, 1864. 
 Milledge, Mortimer L., disch. Nov. 10, 1862, 
 disability. 
 
 Muster Roll Company E. * 
 
 Private. 
 Price, Joseph, disch. or died Oct. 22, '62 w'nds. 
 Muster Roll Company II . 
 Captains, , 
 Miles D. Murphy, resigned Sept. 2, 1862. 
 Isaac McNeal, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 William S. Ishmel, resigued Mar. 3, 1863. 
 Perry Logsdon, mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenants- 
 Fielding T Glenn, resigned Mar. 19, 1863. 
 James T. Atchison, mus. out as serg't July 
 13, 1865. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 James M Swain, mus. out Sept. 29, 1864. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Hiram E. Cooper, disch. July 30, 1862. 
 James M. Glenn, mus. out Sept. 29, 1864, as 
 
 private. 
 Gale Martin, disch. Aug. 4, 1862. 
 David Collins, disch. June 16, 1865, as private. 
 William H. Hardin, mus. out June 2, 1865, as 
 
 private. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Abbott, John, wounded April 6, 1862. 
 Ammonett, James P., disch. Sept. 14, '62, w'd. 
 Briggs, William A, disch. Mav 14, 1862 
 Benton, Timothy D., disch. July 13, 1862. 
 Burnett, Newton T., disch April 15. 1862. 
 Bates, Matthew, vet., died at Athens, Ala., 
 
 April 15, 1864. 
 ' Bissel, Benjamin, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865, 
 
 absent sick. 
 Bissel, Horace, disch. Sept. 10, 1862. 
 Bolliard, Franklin, disch. June 5, 1862. 
 Biggs, William R., disch. Sept. 28, 1862.
 
 174 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Bowen, Andrew J., vet., mus. out July 13, '65. 
 Bell, John D , mus. out Sept. 29, '64, as sergt. 
 Baker, Albert, vet., mus. out Julv 13, 1865. 
 Byers, James M., disch. June 30| 1862. 
 Coft'man, Joshua, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Cotfman, John, vet., killed at Allatoona. Ga,, 
 
 October 5, 1864. 
 Clark, George W., died at Lynnville, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 17, 1864. 
 Clark, Harrison, mus. out Sept. 29, 1864. 
 Chapman, Samuel V., disch. Sept. 28, 1862. 
 Dowell, George R., vet., mus. out July 15, 
 
 1865, on furlough. 
 Dixon, Francis M., vet., mus. out July 15, 
 
 1865, as corporal. 
 East, Thomas B., Disch. Sept. 28, 1862. 
 Friday, Simon, vet., mus. out July 15, 1865. 
 Friday, John, vet., mus. out July 15, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Gibson, Jesse, vet., disch. April 7, '63, disblty. 
 Hendricks, Rudv, deserted Nov. 1, 1862. 
 Lewis, Thomas F., disch. Oct. 15, 1862 
 Mikesell, Charles, mus. out Sept. 2, 1864. 
 Milton, William T, deserted Oct. 15, 1861. 
 Measles, James M, died at St. Joseph, mus. out 
 
 Jan. 30, 1862. 
 Marietta, Chauncey F., mus. out Sept. 29, '64. 
 Miller, Isaac YV., vet., mus. out July 13, 1865. 
 Nesbitt, James T., mus. out Sept. 29, 1864, as 
 
 sergt. 
 North, Bernard A., vet., mus. out July 13, 
 
 1865, as sergt. 
 Oatman, Christopher G, died at Pittsburg 
 
 Landing T., May 9th, 1862. 
 Powell, Rufus, died at Corinth June 26, 1862. 
 Queen, William J., vet., mus. out July 13, '65 
 Roberts, William C.,vet, mus. out July 13, '65. 
 Roberts, Levi, mus. out Oct. 1, 1864. 
 Reeves, Alma, vet., deserted June 24, 1865. 
 Radinger, Isaac J., mus. out Sept. 29, 1864. 
 Radinger, Jesse, died at Fort Donelson, Feb. 
 
 21, 1862. 
 Ridinger, James, vet., mus. out July 13, 1865, 
 
 on furlough. 
 Roberts, George W., mus. out July 13, 1865- 
 Randall, Return R., disch. July 8, '62, wounds. 
 Snodgrass, Geo. H., died at Mound Citv, Mar. 
 
 8, 1862, wounds. 
 Spencer, Mark, killed at Corinth, Oct. 3, 1862. 
 Tapp, William H., mus. out Nov. 2, 1864. 
 Wilson, Jonathan, discharged March 27, '62. 
 
 Veterans. 
 Albert, William, mustered out July 13, '65. 
 How, Bela W., must'd out July 13, '65, as serg't. 
 Long, David C, died at Pulaski, Tenn., Mar. 
 
 23, '64. 
 McConnell, Wash'ton, must'd out July 13, '65. 
 McDaniel, John, mustered out July 13, '65. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Beecher, John W-, deserted Sept 3, '62. 
 Burnett, Alfred, mustered out June 2, '65. 
 Cole, Andiew S., died at Clarksville, Tenn., 
 
 Mar. 10, '65. 
 Carter, Andrew J., mustered out July 13, '65. 
 Dennis, Lamb't P., serg't, deserted Mar. 28, '62. 
 Dennis, William B., discharged Mar. 27, '62. 
 East, Halev, died at Corinth, July 18, '62. 
 Floyd, Richard J., mustered out July 13, '65. 
 Gordon, James R., died at Corinth. 
 Gough, Chas., must'd out July 13, '65, absent, 
 
 sick. 
 Hughes, Wm. H., mustered out July 13, '65. 
 Herring, Francis M., must'd out July 13, '65. 
 Herring, John W., must'd out July 13, '65. 
 Ishmael, Francis D, deserted Mar. 26, '62. 
 Lake, Jonathan, mustered out July 13, '65, 
 
 absent sick. 
 Logsdon, William, mustered out July 13, '65. 
 Maiherson, Wm. B., discharged June 3, '62. 
 Marietta, Joseph T, mustered out June 2, '65. 
 Marietta, Jacob, mustered out June 2, '65. 
 McKenzie, Henry, mustered out July 11, '65, 
 as corporal. 
 
 Snodgrass, Alexander, died Mar. 21, '62. 
 Taylor, Creed S., mustered out July 11, '65. 
 
 M n.i. i Roll, Company K. 
 
 Drafted and Substitute Recruits. 
 Hammond, Richard, mustered out July 13, '65. 
 
 Fifty-fifth I ufa in i j Three Ynn Service— 
 
 Muster Roll Company I.— From Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Holden, Dennis, died, Nashville, Tenn., April 
 3, '64. 
 
 Sixtieth Infantry Three Years Service — 
 
 Non-Commission Staff— Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Q. M. Sergeant. 
 John W. Foler. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company A. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Brayd, William C. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I :. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Boswell, Geo. W., vet., killed near Marietta, 
 
 Ga., July 4, '64. 
 Clark, Leandtr J., vet, m. o. July 31, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company H. 
 
 Privates- 
 Merill, Nimrod. 
 
 Slxty-nrst Infantry Three Years Service 
 
 The Sixty-first regiment contained a 
 few men, who enlisted from Schuyler 
 and Brown counties. Their names may 
 be seen in the list following this short 
 memoir. The regiment was organized at 
 Carrollton, Illinois, by Col. Jacob Fry. 
 Three full companies were mustered 
 February 5, 1862, and on the 21st they 
 moved to Benton Barracks, Mo., where 
 a sufficient number of recruits joined to 
 make nine full companies. On the 26th 
 of March, 1862 embarked for Pittsburg 
 Landing, where it arrived on the 30th 
 inst, and was assigned to the brigade of 
 Col. Madison Miller, Eighteenth Mis- 
 souri, division of Brig. Gen. B. M. Pren- 
 tiss. April 6th, 400 men were formed 
 into line, in time to receive the first as- 
 sault of the enemy, and stood their 
 ground for an hour and a quarter, and 
 until every other regiment in the Divis- 
 ion had given away, and were then order- 
 ed to fall back. For this gallant stand, 
 the regiment was complimented by Gen. 
 Prentiss. It was then ordered to sup- 
 port a battery of the First Missouri Ar- 
 tillery, and later, was ordered to the 
 support of Gen. Hurlbut, and assisted 
 in maintaining his line until relieved by 
 a fresh regiment, when it was ordered to 
 a position supporting the siege guns. 
 
 April 7th, was in reserve. Lost in this 
 engagement, 80 killed, wounded and 
 missing, including three commissioned 
 officers. From this time until Decem- 
 ber 18th, 1862, the regiment did nothing 
 of note ; made several marches, etc., but 
 at that date, 240 men of the Sixty-first, 
 proceeded by rail, to Jackson, and mov- 
 ing out the Lexington road, under com- 
 mand of Col. Fugleman, with the Forty- 
 third Illinois and a detachment of cav- 
 alry, took position at Salem Cemetery, 
 and on the morning of the 19th repulsed 
 the enemy under Forrest, with three 
 pieces of artillery, and pursued him some 
 distance. The regiment also participa- 
 ted in several skirmishes, and always 
 sustained a good reputation. Was 
 mustered out September 8, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company J. — Men from 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Anderson. Samuel M., M. O., March 24, 1865. 
 Boon, John, vet, mustered out June 28, 1865 ; 
 
 prisoner war. 
 Black, Samuel, mustered out March 24, 1865. 
 Campbell, Lewis C, must'd out July 20, 1865. 
 Duke, Abram, disch'd Mav 2, 1862, disab'ty. 
 Jones, John B., vet., died Dec. 23, 1864, w'nds. 
 Kirkham, CBas., disch'd Mar. 30, 1863, disbly. 
 Londry, Wm., vet, mustered out Sept. 8, '65. 
 Londry, John W., vet, killed at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn., Dec. 15. 1864.. 
 Low, Wm. A., missing since battle of Shiloh. 
 Misenheimer, Marion, must'd out Mar. 24,'6o. 
 Misenheimer, Isaac, must'd out March 24, '65. 
 Ryan, Chas. W., died in prison at Montgom'y, 
 
 Ala. 
 Spangler, Cyrus, mustered out Mar. 24, 1865. 
 Spiller, Isaac, disch'd Dec. 9, '62, disability. 
 , Tucker, Francis, pro. corp'l, vet., pro. sergt, 
 
 paroled pris. war ; died at Vicksb'g, Miss., 
 
 April 15, 1865. 
 Wisdom, Granville L, vet., M. O. Sept. 8, '65, 
 
 as sergeant. 
 Wilson, Wm. S., inifsing since bat of Shiloh. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company E.— Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Recruits trans/erred from 83 III. Infantry. 
 
 Burns, Jesse, mustered out Sept 8, 1865. 
 Barrett, Wm. H., mustered out Sept. 8, 1865. 
 Monroe, Geo. N., mustered out Sept. 8, 1865. 
 Nichols, Geo., mustered out Sept. 8, 1865. 
 Russsell, Wm., mustered out Sept. 8, 1865. 
 Williams, James H., must'd out Sept. 8, 1866. 
 
 3Inster Roll, Company I. 
 
 Recruits transferred from 83///. Infantry. 
 
 Honge, Joseph D. 
 Osborn, Andrew or James. 
 
 Sixty-Second Infantry— Three Y'ears Service. 
 
 The 62d. Regiment, was organized by 
 Col. James M. True, at Camp Dubois, 
 111., April 10, 1862. Moved to Cairo, 
 111., on'the 22d., and thence to the field 
 of action. From Holly Springs, Ten- 
 nessee at midnight, Dec, 13th, it started
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 175 
 
 for Jackson, leaving about 200 men sick 
 and on duty at Holly Springs. Just 
 before reaching Jackson, found the rail- 
 road bridge on fire, and overtaking the 
 enemy under Gen. Forrest, followed him 
 twenty miles, skirmishing as they went. 
 December 20th, Van Dorn, captured 
 Holly Springs, paroling 170 men of the 
 sixty-second, including the Major and 
 three Lieutenants, and destroying all the 
 records, papers and camp equipage of 
 the regiment. 
 
 Aug. 12, 1864, left for Illinois on 
 veteran furlough. The nou- veterans, 
 were ordered to Illinois for muster out. 
 April 10, 1865, the veterans and recruits 
 were consolidated into seven companies, 
 and served ou t their time. The regiment 
 was mustered out at Little Rock, Ar- 
 kansas, March, 6, 1866. Below are the 
 names of those who enlisted from these 
 counties in this regiment. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I.— Men from Schuy- 
 ler County. 
 
 Captains. 
 Joseph McLain, resigned June 20, 1863. 
 John J, Wyatt, resigned Aug. 5, 1804. 
 John Parcel, transferred as consolidated. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 Wm. D. Ellis, dis. Mar. 9, 1862, disability. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Robert Thursh, dish'd Sept. 8, 1862, disability. 
 Daniel Richey, tr. to V. R. C, Oct. 17, 1864. 
 D. C. Paine, mustered out May 2, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Chas. Persing, dis. May 21, 1863, as sgt„ disby. 
 John Stiles, vet., died Pine Bluff, Ark., Aug. 
 
 5, 1864. 
 James Log, mustered out May 2, I860. 
 Geo. Ellis, mustered out May 2, '65, as sergt. 
 Joel Cooper, disch'd June 25. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Ainsworth, Nelson, vet., tr. to comp'y G, con- 
 solidated ; M. O. March 6, 1866. 
 
 Baker, or Barker, dis. June 25, 1864, disability. 
 
 Bates, Jas., vet., tr. comp'y, G, consolidated ; 
 M. O. March 6, 1866. 
 
 Barton, Elijah, died at Paducah, Ky., June 
 1, 1863. 
 
 Barnaby,G.W.,died at Pine Bluff, Ark., Jan. 
 12, 1863. 
 
 Comberlidge, Nicholas S., vet., tr. to com'y G, 
 consolidated ; M. O. March 6, 1866. 
 
 IieWitt, Geo., corp'l,died Littleton, III., April 
 22, 1864. 
 
 Dodge, John S., mus. out May 2, 1865, as crpl. 
 
 Dark, Jos., died at Paducah, Ky.. May 27, '62. 
 
 Deedridge, Lewis, vet., corp'l, died Littleton, 
 111., Sept. 25, 1864. 
 
 Downie, Aaron, died at Frederick, 111., Jan. 
 27, 1863. 
 
 Freaks, John, disch'd Sept, 8, 1862, disability. 
 
 Fream, David, dis. Apr. 23, 1868, disability. 
 
 Hatfield, Chas. W., returned to 14th Reg't." 
 
 Hicks, Henry C, disch'd Oct. 8, 1862, disa- 
 bility. 
 
 Johnson, Wm., vet,, tr. Co. G. consol'd ; M.O. 
 March 6, 1866, as sergeant. 
 
 John, Ferdinand, vet., died at Littleton, 111., 
 Sept. 18, 1864. 
 
 Lowdtrman, Cornelius M., mus. out May 2,'65. 
 Lowderman, Austin H., vet., died at Mattoon, 
 
 III., Sept. 5, 1864. 
 Lee, David, dishon'bly mus. out May 2, 1865, 
 
 for desertion sentence of G. M. C. 
 Lain, Jas., disch'd April 20, 1862, disability. 
 McCheva, George, mus. out May 2, 1862. 
 Peeler, Samuel, disch'd Oct. 26, '63, disab'ty. 
 Roberts, Thos. D., vet., tr. to Co. G, as consol'd, 
 
 M. O. March 6, 1866, as 2d lieutenant. 
 Starr, Robert, mustered out May 2, 1865. 
 Stoneking, Samuel, tr. to V. R. C, M. O. Apr. 
 
 10, 1875. 
 
 Stoneking, David, disch'd April 23, '63, disbty. 
 Towland, James W., mustered out May 2, '65 
 Vanwinkel, Jas., mustered out May 2, 1865, as ' 
 
 corporal. 
 Vanwinkel, Moses, mus. out May 2, '65. 
 Whiteman, Mathias, disch'd June25,disablty. 
 Whiteman, Calvin, disch'd March 25, disably. 1 
 Wheat, David H., vet., tr. to Co. G, consol'd; 
 
 M. O., March 6, 1866, as sergeant. 
 Young, John, died at Kenton, Tenn., Julv 11' 
 
 1862. 
 Yaap, Otto, vet., tr. to Co. G, consol'd : M. O. 
 
 March 6, 1866, as corporal. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Chandler. Seth, died at Doddsville, 111 , Sept. 
 
 11, 1864. 
 
 Cooper, Joel, died at Little Rock, Ark., Sept. 
 
 16, 1864. 
 Cooper, Noah A., died at Pine Bluff, Ark., 
 
 Sept. 16, 1864. 
 Cooper, Arthur L., died at Louisville, Kv., 
 
 Aug. 4, 1864, 
 Devolled, James, tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M, O. 
 
 June 2, 1865. 
 Devolled, Samuel, tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M. 
 
 O. March 6, 1866. 
 Fraim, David, died at Mattoon, 111., Sept. 6, 
 
 1864. 
 Green, James, tr. to Co. G, consol'd, disch'd 
 
 June 8, 1865, disability. 
 Merrick, Morris, tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M. O. 
 
 Aug. 2, 1865. 
 Peak, Robert, tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M. O. 
 
 Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Roper, Smith M., tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M. O. 
 
 Aug. 2, 1865, as corporal. 
 Tatham, Thomas, tr. to Co. G, consol'd ; M. O. 
 
 Aug. 2, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I. — Men from Brown 
 County. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 James L. Bradbury, t'm exp'd April 14, '65. 
 
 Corporal. 
 Absalom Hughes, mustered out May 2, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 Briggs, James M., mustered out May 2, I860. 
 Coffman, Benjamin F., died Dec. 21, 1862. 
 Cooper, Don C, vet., must'd out May 2, 1865. 
 Herring, George W., died at St. Louis, Mo., 
 
 Jan. 12, 1862. 
 McDermid, George, died at La Grange, Tenn., 
 
 29, 1863. 
 
 McPherson, Richard T. 
 Sweenev, Jas., mustered out May 2, 1865. 
 Tapp, Jas. M., disch. June 25, 1862, disability. 
 Uriah B., or Baker U., died at Kenton, Tenn., 
 
 Sept. 4, 1862. 
 
 Recruits. 
 1 Cessna, Theod., transf. to Co. G, Consol. M. O., 
 
 March 6, 1866. 
 • DeWitt, James C, tr. to Co. G, Consol. M. O, 
 discharged June 8, 1865, disability. 
 Kesinger, Peter, died at Pine Bluff, Ark., Sept. 
 
 30, 1864. 
 McDermid, Chas. N., died at Pine Bluff, Ark., 
 
 Sept. 30, 1864. 
 Mallory, Wm., mustered out June 20, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company l .. Sixty-Fourth' In- 
 fantry— Three Years Service.— Men from 
 Schuyler County. 
 
 Privates. 
 Archer, Lewis, died at Rome, Ga., July 20, '64 
 Grafton, G. W., died at Rome, Ga., July 6, 64. 
 Logue, Harrison, mustered out July 11, 1865. 
 Parrish, Charles, mustered out July 11, 1865. 
 Smith, Elijah, absent sick at M. O. of reg't. 
 Tracy, T. C., must'd out July 11, '65, as corp'l. 
 Tipton, Jas. W., mustered out July 11, 1865. 
 
 Unassigned Recruits. 
 Barnes, James. 
 B;:gher, Hiram. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C— Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Privates. 
 Debord, John, in confinement at M. O. of regt 
 Ginn, Edward C, deserted March 2, 1862. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Debord, D., died at Chattanooga, Nov. 7, '64. 
 
 Seventy-second Infantry— Three years ser- 
 vice. 
 
 Was organized at Chicago, as the first 
 regiment of the Chicago Board of Trade. 
 Was mustered into service August 23, 
 1852, and on the same day started for 
 Cairo. It served out its full term of 
 service, and was mustered out at Vicks- 
 burg, Aug. 6, 1865, and returned to 
 Chicago, where it received final payment 
 and discharge. 
 
 The following little table of statistics, 
 will give an idea of what their service 
 has been. 
 
 Number of officers killed in service, 
 
 7 
 
 (< 
 
 men " '' 
 
 78 
 
 1* 
 
 officers died of disease 
 
 3 
 
 11 
 
 men " " 
 
 130 
 
 " 
 
 officers wounded 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 men ■' 
 
 120 
 
 « 
 
 officers taken prisoners, 
 
 3 
 
 
 men " " 
 
 76 
 
 Total 
 
 427 
 
 Muster Roll Company C.— Men from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Private. 
 Flannery, John, abs't, pris w. at M. O. of regt. 
 
 Muster Roll Company G. 
 
 I'rirates. 
 
 i Goble, C, tr. to 33d III. Inf. M. O. Nov. 24, '65. 
 Johnson, Alonzo, mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company II. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Hezekiah Stout, resigned June 8, 1863. 
 
 Privates. 
 Andres, Armenis, killed at Franklin, Tenn., 
 
 Nov. 30, 1864. 
 Brooks, G. S , mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. 
 Husted, Henry, discharged Feb. 26, 1862. 
 Husted, Frs. M„ mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. 
 Jones, John G., deserted Oct. 24, 1862. 
 Ridenour, W. died at Helena, Ark. Ap. 20, '63. 
 Scolt, James W., died at Columbus, Ky., Nov. 
 
 17, 1862. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Burtis, Stephen II., tr. to 33d 111. Inf. mustered 
 
 out Nov. 24, 1865.
 
 176 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Loep, George W., tr. to 33d 111. Inf. mustered 
 
 out Nov. 24, 1865. 
 Libby, Marshall L., mustered out May 16, '65. 
 McCaslin, Henrv, tr. to 33d III. Inf. mustered 
 
 out Nov. 24, 1865. 
 Rhodes, Win. H., tr. to 33d 111. Inf. mustered 
 
 out Nov. 24, 1865. 
 
 Seventy- third Infantry - (Three years Ser- 
 vice.'! 
 
 Corporal. 
 Reuben H. Folle, must'd out June 12, 1865. 
 
 Musicians. 
 
 Wni. R. Vaughn, died at M urfreesboro', Tenn. 
 
 March 3, '63. . 
 Henry C. Combs, discharged August 31, '63. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 The history of this regiment, will ne- Agnew> EHm „ mugtered ^ June „ , 6 - 
 cessarily be incomplete, as no record of Baker, John M., mustered out June 12, '65. 
 
 its movements were kept, but below we 
 make a few extracts from a letter written 
 by James I. Davidson, Lieut. Col. 73d 
 111. Vol. Inft. It was organized at 
 
 Brown, Win. H., mustered out June 12, '65. 
 Cameron, Thos., died at Murfreesboro', Tenn., 
 
 Jan. 15, 1863. 
 Colt, Peter H. K., to V. R. C, July 1, '63. 
 Colt, John W., killed at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 
 
 30, 1864. 
 
 Camp Butler, in August, 1862, and im- Criswell, Edw. L., deserted Sept. 3, 1865. 
 
 .... /./->, i Crooks, Wm. H., must'ed out June 12, 1865 as 
 
 mediately became a part oi General 
 
 Buell's Army. Fought nobly atPerry- 
 ville, and was in every battle fought by 
 the Army of the Cumberland from Oc- 
 tober, 1862, until the route of General 
 Hood's Army, at Nashville.' The dead 
 were buried at Perry ville, Murfeesboro, 
 Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, away 
 in East Tennessee, and then, in the suc- 
 cession of battlei from Chattanooga, to 
 
 the fall of Atlanta. It formed a part of Emery, AVm., must'd out June 12, 1865. 
 
 - , , . t,. , . -r, ,,. .. , Fuller, Maroni M., must'd out June 22, 1865. 
 
 Opdyke s Brigade, at Franklin, which GoodwirJ) John P ' tr . t0 y. R. C, Aug. 1, '63. 
 
 saved the day, and gave him his star, Gorsage, Oscar, must'd out June 12, '65. 
 
 _ ji t :«.~ i_~t ~ l:ii~] :„ j.:„:„„ Glassop, Frederick, must'd out June 12, '65, 
 
 and lost its last man killed in driving as Comoral 
 
 Hood's Army from Nashville. It was Hagle, James, wounded, trans, to V. R. C. 
 
 many times complimented by its Gen- IT , "• T 9 > 63- , , , , , . , r 
 
 Hooker, J aspar, wounded, transferred to V . 
 
 sergeant. 
 Cunningham, Joseph, must'd out June 12, 1865, 
 
 as sergeant. 
 Davis, Jas. W., wounded, tr. to V. R. C, April 
 
 6, 1864. 
 Day, Lewis, mustered out June 1, 1865. 
 Derickson, Joseph M., died March 26, 1864, 
 
 while prisoner at Danville, Va. 
 Dimmiek, Wm. H., mustered out June 12, '65. 
 Dearfter, Geo. C, killed at Peach Tree Creek, 
 
 Ga., July 20, 1864. 
 Elser, Joseph L., tr. to U. S. Engineers, Julv 
 
 20, 1864. 
 Elser, Geo. P., tr. to U. S. Eng^, July 20, '64. 
 
 erals for bravery and courage on the bat- 
 tle field. When the regiment left the 
 state it was one of the largest and when 
 it returned was one of the smallest. Her 
 
 R. C. Dec. 28, '64. 
 Horten, Thomas, mustered out June 12, '65. 
 Hoskinson, Stewart F., disch'd Feb. 10, '65 ; 
 
 wounds. 
 Lawless, Absalen H., died at Danville, Va., 
 
 June 20, '64, while prisoner of war. 
 officers aud men, especially the latter LinkinS) j ames A ., must'd out June 12, '65. 
 
 have never been surpassed for bravery, Little William, H., killed at Mission Ridge, 
 endurance and devotion to the country. Mea S^o'rlSd, died at Chattanooga, Aug. 
 
 It was mustered out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Men from Schuyler Connty. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 William A. Preston, resigned Aug. 14, 1863. 
 
 Adjutant. 
 Richard R. Randall, dismissed May 15, 1863. 
 
 NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 
 Commissary Sergeant. 
 
 Riley M. Hoskinson, must'd out June 12, 1865 Swackhammer, George, must'd out June 12, 
 
 '65. 
 ; Talbott, Isaiah, disch'd Oct. 19, '62 ; disability. 
 Thrush, Jacob J., disch'd Sep. 22, '62. 
 Tolle, James F., must'd out June 12, '65, as 
 
 Sergeant. 
 Wilmot, Willard, disch'd Feb. 26, '63. 
 Wilson, George, trans, to V. R. C Sep 20, '63. 
 Worthbaugh, John W., must'd out June 12, '65. 
 Wright, John, must'd out June 12. '65. 
 Yaap, Karl, must'd out June 12, '65. 
 
 12, '64; wounds. 
 Morris, Newton jr., died at Louisville, Jan. 21, 
 
 '63. 
 Pennington, Alexander, trans, to V. R. C. in 
 
 '63. 
 Purnell, William T., must'd out June 12, '65; 
 
 wounded. 
 Scott, Leven O., trans, to V. R. C. July 1, '63. 
 Sidebotham, John H., disch'd April 29, '63, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Stout, Stillman, must'd out June 12, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll Company < .. 
 
 Captain- 
 John Sutton, resigned Feb. 28, 1863. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 James F. Bowen, resigned Dej. 24, 1862. 
 Wm. H. Dodds, must'd out June 12, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 John H. McGrath, resigned June 20, 1864. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Jeremiah E. Bailey, killed at Chickamauga, 
 
 Sept. 20, 1863. 
 Wm. T. Talbot, wounded, tr. to V. R. C, Oct. 
 
 18, 1864. 
 Wm. H. Horton, died at Rushville, Ills., Dec. 
 
 25, 1863. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Blackley, William H., trans, to 44, 111., Inft, 
 June 8, '65, must'd out Sep. 25, '65. 
 
 Schwackman, John, trans, to 44 111., Infantry, 
 June 8, '65 ; mustered out Sep. 29, '65. 
 
 Thompson, James O , trans, to 44, 111., Infan- 
 try, June 8, '65 ; must'd out Sep. 25, '65. 
 
 Seventy-Fifth Infantry— Three Years Ser- 
 vice. — Men from Schuyler County. 
 
 This regiment, in which we find a few 
 names from Schuyler and Brown coun- 
 ties, was organized at ' Dixon, Illinois, 
 Sept. 2d, 1862, by Col. George Ryan. 
 On the 27th, was ordered to Louisville, . 
 Ky. Oct. 1st, marched in pursuit of 
 Bragg. Oct. 8, engaged in the battle of 
 Chaplin Hills, losing 47 killed, 166 
 wounded and 1'2 prisoners. It was 
 mustered out June 12th, 1865, at Camp 
 Harker, Tennessee, and arrived at Chi- 
 cago, June 15, 1865, where the regiment 
 received final payment and discharge. 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon. 
 John C. Corbus, resigned Jan. 19, 1863. 
 
 Muster Roll Co. F. 
 
 Privates. 
 Dean, Henry, disch. Feb. 14, 1863. 
 Hurst, Wm , mus. out June 12, 1865. 
 Loucks, Wesley F., trans, to V. R. C. Feb. 13, 
 
 1865. 
 Loucks, Geo R., mus. out June 12. '65 as s'g't. 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. — Men from Brown 
 County. 
 
 Privates. 
 Adams, Leander L., disch'd Mar. 11, '63, to en- 
 list in Miss. Marine Brigade. 
 Veninn, John E., mustered out June 12, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company C. 
 
 Privates. 
 Gillett, John S., disch'd Nov. 8, '62: wounds. 
 Squires, William P., disch'd Mar. 6, '65. 
 
 Seventy-Eighth Infantry-Three Years 
 Service. 
 
 Major. 
 Robert S. Blackburn, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company A. 
 
 Captain. 
 
 Christian W. Hite, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 Philip Chipman, resigned Feb. 1, '63. 
 Archibald H. Graham, resigned Apr. 5, '63. 
 George A. Brown, died June 30, '64. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Nathan P. Woods, resigned April 21, '64. 
 Sergeants. 
 ; Oliver Brooks, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., 
 
 July 31, '64; wounds. 
 Jesse Curtis, mustered out June 7, '65. 
 
 Corporals- 
 Peterson, Francis M., must'd out June, 7, '65. 
 Sapp, David M., must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Vandivier, Nelson, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Walker, John H., must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Wier William, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Avery, Stephen, disch'd Mar. 31 '63 ; disability. 
 
 Bodenhamer, Henry C, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 
 Belete, James E., killed at Chickamauga, Sep. 
 
 20, '63.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 177 
 
 Belote, Darwin, died at Franklin Tenn., Mar. 
 
 5, '63. 
 Burnett, William, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Ball, Albin, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Box, John, must'd out June 17, '65; Pris war 
 Bessell, Augustus C, must'd out June 7, '65 ; 
 
 prisoner war. 
 Bain, Alexander, must'd out June 7, '65 ; pris. 
 
 war. 
 Corris, John D. must'd out June 7, '65; pris. 
 
 war. 
 Curtis, William H., disch'd Mar. 11, '65; 
 
 wounds. 
 Curtis, James, absent, wounded at muster out 
 
 of reg't. 
 Curtis John, mustered ou( June 7, '65. 
 Cox, William, disch'd May 5, '65; disability. 
 Driver, Samuel R , died at Franklin Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 19, '63. 
 Davis, Beneger, died at Chattanooga, Oct. 7, '63; 
 
 wounds. 
 Davip, John, died at Nashville, Tenn. Mar. 18, 
 
 '63. 
 Ewing, Samuel M., died at Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Aug. 2, '63. 
 Frakes, Joseph, disch'd May 8, ,63 ; disability. 
 Graham, Shepard, died at Franklin, Tenn., 
 
 Mar. 28, '63. 
 Groves, James M., mustered out June 7, '65. 
 Gott, John B , mustered out June 7, '65. 
 Gilleiland, Banj. C. tr. to Eng. Corps July 25, 
 
 '64. 
 How, Samuel W., must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Howell, John, taustered out June 7, 65. 
 Hite, Abraham, Absent, Wounded, at M. O. of 
 
 reg't. 
 Hite, Abraham L., disch'd Dec. 31, '62; dis- 
 ability. 
 Harrison, George, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Hellyer, George, must'd out June 17, '65 ; was 
 
 prisoner. 
 Hellyer, William, must'd out June 7. '65. 
 Johnson, John, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Landsden, William H., died in Andersonville 
 
 prison Oct. 6, '64 ; No. of grave 10,419. 
 McKee, William, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Miller, John, died Chattanooga Sep. 27, 63 ; 
 
 wounds. 
 Miner, Samuel J., deserted Feb. 3, '63. 
 Mints, Lorenzo, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Morgan, Edward, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Mullin, Martin, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 McClain, William H, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Noel, Theodore C, must'd out June 17, '63 ; 
 
 was prisoner. 
 Pitney, Orvill L., must'd out June 7, '65; as 
 
 Corporal. 
 Pelsor, Tracy, died at Quincy, III. Apr. 27, '63. 
 Rigby, George W., died at Quincy, 111., Oct. 11, 
 
 '62. 
 Robinson, Richard, must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Reed, John E , died at Nashville Tenn., Mar. 
 
 28, '63. 
 Record, Josiah S., deserted Jan. 30, '63. 
 Robinson, Israel, disch'd Apr., 7, '63; disability. 
 Robinson, Nimrod, musi'd out June 7, '65. 
 Soward, Charles W. must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Scott, Hiram, died at Nashville, Tenn., Mar. 
 
 27, '63. 
 Steen, John, died at Vining, Ga. July 22, '64 ; 
 
 wounds. 
 Tankersley, Andrew J., disch'd Sep. 30, '63 ; 
 
 disability. 
 Vandiver, John, must'd out June 17, '65 ; 
 
 was prisoner. 
 Woods, William S., trans, to Eng. Corps, 
 
 July 25, '64. 
 Wilson, Jasper, killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 
 
 20, 63. 
 Wykoff, Wm. H. H, mustered out June 7, '65. 
 Walker, Wm. T., died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 28, '65. 
 White, Benj. F., disch. Sept. 12, '63 ; disability. 
 Wy les, Henry H, trans, to V. R .C, Oct. 22, 64. 
 Wheeler, Joel B., mustered out June 7, '65. 
 23 
 
 Wheeler, John H., mustered out June 7, '65. 
 
 Recruits, 
 Bodenheimer, Isaac H., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111., 
 
 ra. o. July 12, '65. 
 Barton, Wm. C, tr. to Co. H, 34th III., m. o. 
 
 July 12, '65. 
 Barton, Jas. E., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111., m. o. 
 
 July 12. "65. 
 Burmood, Peter, mustered out June 7, '65. 
 Bodenheimer, Chris't G., prisoner of war since 
 
 Nov. 27, '64. 
 Cox, Christopher C. tr. to Co. H, 34th Illinois 
 
 Inft'y, mo. July 12, '65. 
 Clark, Jas. T., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, m. 
 
 o. Julv 12, '65. 
 Davis, John W., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, 
 
 in. o. July 12, '65. 
 Davis, Wm. H, killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 
 
 20, '63. 
 Davis, Robert H, disch. Dec. 8, '64; dis'bilty. 
 I Ewing, Geo. W., mustered out June 7, '65. 
 I Frakes, Robert, deserted Jan. 20, '65. 
 Grainger, Robert, mustered out June 7, '65. 
 How, Isaac C, tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, m. 
 
 o. July 12, '65. 
 How, Jas., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, m. o. 
 
 July 12, '65. 
 1 James, Samuel J., tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, 
 
 m. o. .'illy 12, '65. 
 Lacy, John S., tr. to Co. H, 34th HI. Inft'y, 
 
 m. o. July 12, '65. 
 | Neida, Chas. S., died at Nashville, Tenn., July 
 
 13, '64. 
 Ruggles, Wm. K., tr. to V. R. C, May 4, '65. 
 Shamell, Alexander, tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. 
 
 Inft'y, m. o. July 12, '65. 
 Sapp, John W., died at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 
 
 23, '64. 
 Throp, Lorenzo D , tr to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft., 
 
 m. o. July 12, '65. 
 Thoma«, James, killed at Kenesaw Mt., June 
 
 27, '64. 
 Vandiver, Henry, died at Atlanta, Sept. 20, '64 ; 
 
 wounds. 
 Wier, Wm. H, tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. Inft'y, 
 
 m o. July 12, '65. 
 Wilds, Howard, tr. to Co. II, 34th 111. Inft'v, 
 
 m. o. July 12, '65. 
 i Wheeler, Edward H, tr. to Co. H, 34th 111. 
 
 Inft'y, m. o. July 12, '65 ; wounded. 
 Wilson, Chas. L., disch. Mar. 15, '65 ; wounds. 
 
 Etghty-fonrtli Infantry.— THree Years 
 Service. 
 
 In this regiment we find that only a 
 few men went from Schuyler county, 
 while one whole company D. and a 
 part of company I, went from Brown 
 county. It was organized at Quincy, 
 Illinois, in August, 1862, by Col. Louis 
 H. Waters, and mustered into the U. S j 
 Service, September 1st, with 951 men 
 and officers. September 23, 1862, it was 
 ordered to Louisville, Kentucky, and as- 1 
 signed to the Tenth Brigade, Col. Grose ; 
 commanding ; Fourth Division, Briga- 
 dier Gen. William Sooy Smith, com- 
 manding, and marched September 29, in 
 pursuit of Bragg. Following is a list of; 
 the battles in which the 84th was en- j 
 gaged : — Stone River, December 31, 
 1862, January 1st and 2d, 1863, loss 228 | 
 men. Woodbury, January 17th, 1863 ; j 
 Chickamauga, Sept. 19th and 20th, 
 
 1863. Loss 172 men. Lookout Moun- 
 tain, Missionary Ridge and Ringgold, 
 November 24th, 25th, and 26th, 1863. 
 Loss 9 men. Dalton, Feb. 27, 1864, losing 
 4 men. In the Atlanta campaign, at 
 Buzzard's Roost, May 1 0th, 1864 ; Dalton 
 May 13th, 1864 ; Resaca, May 14th, 1 864. 
 Burnt Hickory, May 26th to 31st and 
 June 1st, 2d, and 3d ; Kenesaw Moun- 
 tain, Smyrna, Atlanta, Jonesboro and 
 Lovejoy Station. Losing in the cam- 
 paign 125 men. Franklin and Nash- 
 ville, loss 20 men. Total casualties in 
 battle 558 men. In this regiment there 
 was but one man ever taken prisoner ; 
 but ten men deserted ; only one man 
 ever sent to military prison ; and but 
 4 men tried by court martial. 
 
 The regiment was in several minor 
 engagements, and made many long and 
 severe marches. It was mustered out 
 of service at Nashville, Tennessee, June 
 8th, 1865. 
 
 IHCuster Roll, Company I.— Men from Sehny- 
 ler County. 
 
 Privates. 
 Binkley, N. A., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Bowker, Clark, disch. Jan. 17, '63, disability. 
 Derry, Basil, " " 4, '63, " 
 
 Davis, W. N., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Kiuiory, Jno. J., killed at Kenesaw Mt. June 
 
 24, 1864. 
 Wright, Alonzo 0., trans, to V.R.C. Jul. 26/64. 
 Wildenhammer, J., disch. Apr. 25, '63, disab'y. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company D.— Men from 
 Urown County. 
 
 Captains. 
 Moses W. Davis, died Jan. 20, '63, from w'nds. 
 Thomas D. Adams, died Sept. 21, from 
 
 wounds, at Chickamauga. 
 Walter Scoggan, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Thomas B. Miller, mustered out June 8, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 r.vman G. Call, mustered out (as Sergeant) 
 June 8, 1865. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Ray, Samuel, died Sept. 4, '64, of wounds re- 
 ceived at Love-joy Station. 
 
 Thomas Barton, mustered out June H, 1865, 
 wounded. 
 
 John T. Larkin, mus. out June 8, 65. 
 
 John Logsdon, " " wounded 
 
 at Stone River 
 
 Peter Thomas, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Oliver H. Perry, mustered June 8, 1865. 
 Willis Jones, missing at Chickamauga, died 
 
 June 5, 1865. 
 Thomas J. Jackson, mustered out June 8, '65, 
 Jas. F. Jones, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 
 wounded Stone River and Dallas, Ga. 
 Thomas McNeff, mustered out June 8, 1865.
 
 178 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Privates. » 
 
 James M. Anderson, mustered out June 8, '65. 
 Avery, Joshua B.. " " . " 
 
 Amen, Wm. R., " " " 
 
 Barker, Lawson R., " " " 
 
 Baird, Alexander B., died at Murfreesboro', 
 
 Tenn., Mareh 25, 1863. 
 Baumgardner, Matthew, died 1862. 
 Baldwin, Andrew J., transferred to Eng. Corps 
 
 Aug. 16, 1864. 
 Bissell, I. F., diseh. May 30, '63, disability. 
 Bliss, Willis 1)., died at Nashville, Tenn., May 
 
 12, 1862. 
 Banks, Jarrard, diseh. Feb. 19, '63, disability. 
 Bell, James R., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Briscoe, William H., discharged Jan 26, '64, 
 
 sergeant, disability. 
 Brierton, Joseph, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 7, 1863. 
 Clark, Thos. A., must'd out June 8, '65, wn'd. 
 Cole. Jacob S. or F., trans, to Marine service 
 
 Jan. 16, 1863. 
 Clayton, Greenbury, dis. Sep. 18, '63, woun'd. 
 Carnel, David, missing at Chiekamauga, sup- 
 posed to be killed. 
 Dean, Constantine, transferred to V. R. C. 
 Davis, James L., died July 3, '64, at Chat- 
 tanooga, 
 Davis, Aaron, vet. dis.- Mar. 13,'63,V., disability. 
 Dalton, Samuel T., mustered out June 8, '65. 
 Davis, Wm. H., mus. out June 8. '65, woun'd. 
 Duncan, Wm., died at Nashville, T. Jul. 3, '63. 
 Ellis, Wm. J., diseh. June 30, '63, wounds. 
 Flinn, Isaac, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Franklin, Wm. killed at Stone River, Dec. 
 
 31, 1862. 
 Faulkner, Wm. J., died at Nashville. Tenn., 
 
 Jan. 28, 1863. 
 Flinn. Burel, mustered June 8, 1865. 
 Flinn, Richard, died at Louisville, Kv., Nov. 
 
 6, 1x62. 
 Freeman, Howard W., died at Nashville, 
 
 Tenn, Mar. 14, 1863. 
 Fisher, James J., trans, to V. R. C. Ap. 20,' 63. 
 Furlong. James, diseh. June 30, '63, wounds. 
 Fry, Marion, must'd out June 8, '65, wounded. 
 Gamble, Wm., dis. Dec. 17, 1862', disability. 
 Houston, James H., died March 18, 1864. 
 Hopkins, Benj. C, dis. Jan. 12, '63, disability. 
 Harvey, Oliver, died Ap. 14,'63, Columbia, Ky. 
 Hopkins, Josiah, died at Camp Butler, 111., 
 
 Nov. 15, 1864. 
 Hinman, Eugene, died Sept. 11, 1862, at 
 
 Coopertown, 111. 
 Howard, John, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Jordan, Benjamin W., wounded, died in An- 
 
 dersonville prison June 9, '64. No. of 
 
 grave, 1764. 
 Jones, James, mus. out June 8, '65, as corp'l. 
 Jones, Willis, corporal, missing at Chieka- 
 mauga, Sept. 20, '63, died June 5, '65. 
 Johnson, Robert, diseh. Feb. 16, '65, wounds. 
 Jones, Harrison, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Jackson, Thomas J., " " " 
 
 Lisenbee, Granderson, died at Atlanta, Ga., 
 
 Aug. 9, 1864, wounds. 
 Leaper, Charles, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Larkin, Manville, killed at Rossville, Ga., 
 
 Sept. 21, 1863. 
 Leaper, Samuel, killed at Stone River, Dec. 
 
 31, 1862. 
 Mallard, Alexander, dis. June 25, '64, wounds. 
 Miller, Jacob F., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Maloan, Jos. P., mus. out June 8,"'65, woun'd. 
 McCoy, Barlow A., mustered out June 8, '65, 
 
 wounded at Stone River. 
 Maserva, Wilber O., mustered out June 8, '65, 
 
 wounded. 
 Medly, Levi, deserted Dec. 31, 1862. 
 Nighsnonger, Wm. J., deserted Oct. 25, '62. 
 
 Noakers, Hiram, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 July 14, 1864. 
 
 Oldfield, Elias D., died Jan. 7, '63, wounds. 
 
 Oldfield, Richard M., dis. Mar. 13, wounded. 
 
 Perry, Luke, died Jan. 1, '63, of wounds re- 
 ceived at Stone River. 
 
 Perry, John J., wounded, died in Anderson- 
 ville prison, Aug. 1, 1864. 
 
 Pendleton, Wm., diseh. Jan. 3, '63, disability. 
 
 Parker, Thos. J., transferred V. R. Corps. 
 
 Pendleton, Thos., died June 13, '64, at Ann- 
 apolis, Md. 
 
 Parker, Thomas J., tr. to V. R. C, Oct. 22, '64. 
 
 Pendleton, James, mustered out June 8, '65. 
 
 Quinn. George W., died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 March 4, 1863. 
 
 Russell, James, died at Nashville. Tenn., Jan. 
 25, 1863. 
 
 Riddle, James, died at Bowling Green, K.. 
 Nov. 30, 1862. 
 
 Stinson, Aaron, dis. Sept. 14, '63, wounds. 
 
 Sprigg, Thos. C, dis. Apr. 17, "63, disability. 
 
 Stinson. William, died in Nashville, Tenn., 
 Dec. 15, 1863. 
 
 Saulsbury, John, dis. Dee. 17, '62, disability. 
 
 Stinson, John, mus. out June 8, 1865. 
 
 Tolle, John, diseh. Feb 18, 1863, disability. 
 
 Townbly, George W., mustered out June 8, 
 1863, wounded. 
 
 Thomas, Wm. J., dis. May 31, '63, disability. 
 
 Wiseerop, Jacob M. V., died of wounds, Jan. 
 4, 1863. 
 
 Wheeler. Ezra F., trans. V. R. Corps, Sept. 
 1, 1863. 
 
 Master Roll, Company I. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 William Stevens, dis. Jan. 14, '63 ; disability. 
 
 Corporal. 
 Edward Davis, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Boils, John, mustered out June 8, 1865 ; 
 
 wounded. 
 Bobbitt, N. G., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Bowman, John H., died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 25. 1862. 
 Clark, Archibald, killed at Stone River, Dec. 
 
 31, 1862. 
 Fritzon. Fred. J., mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Giddings, G. H., diseh. Feb. 7, '63 ; disability. 
 Johnson, Francis M., died at Bowling 
 
 Green, Ky, Dec. 1, 1862. 
 Johnson, Cyrene, trans, to V. R. C. Nov. 1, '64 ; 
 
 wounds. 
 Lambert, Simeon, dis. Feb. 18, '63; disability. 
 Meyers, Thos. T., trans, to V. R. C. Jan. 16,'64. 
 Meyers, William H., died at Louisville, Ky., 
 
 Jan. 26, 1863 ; wounds. 
 McCurdy, Daniel, mus. out June 8, '65 ; w'nds. 
 Patterson, W. S., killed at Kenesaw Mt. June 
 
 24,*64. 
 Stinson, James, mustered out June 8, 1865. 
 Thomas, Warren 0., " " " 
 
 Wright, John C, disc. Mar. 19, '63 ; disability. 
 
 l-'.lu lull -II flh I Ufa ut i j .-'I In . i \ . :i i - Service. 
 
 The 85th Regiment, Illinois volun- 
 teers was organized at Peoria, in Aug., 
 1862, by Col. Robert S. Moore, and was 
 mustered into service Aug. 27th, 1862. 
 On the 6th of September, 1864, it was 
 ordered to Louisville, Ky., and assigned 
 to the Thirty-sixth Brigade, Eleventh 
 Division, Third Army Corps, Col. D. 
 McCook, commanding Brigade, Brig. 
 
 Gen. P. H. Sheridan commanding Di- 
 vision, and Maj. Gen. Gilbert command- 
 ing corps. October 1st, 1862, the regi- 
 ment marched in pursuit of the enemy 
 under Gen. Bragg, and was engaged in 
 the battle of Chaplin Hills, at Perry- 
 ville, Kentucky, Oct. 8th, and moved • 
 with the enemy to Nashville, Tennes- 
 see, arriving Noy. 7th, 1862. 
 
 It was mustered out June 5, 1865, at 
 Washington, D. O, and arrived at 
 Camp Butler, Illinois, June 11th, 1865, 
 where they received final payment and 
 discharge. 
 
 Master Roll, Compauy G. — Men from Schuy- 
 ler County. 
 
 Captain . 
 Wm. McClelland, resigned Dec. 21, '62. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 LaFayette, Curless, resigned Nov. 12, '62. 
 John M. Robertson, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Lewis Post, trans, to V. R. C, Aug. 27, '63. 
 | L. D. Gould, died at Atlanta, Ga., Nov. 1, '64. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Wm. Roe, mustered out June 5, '65, as serg't. 
 Wm. F. Bryant, deserted Jan. 10, '63. 
 J. F. Kennedy, tr. to V. R. C, Sept. 21, '64. 
 Thos. Horton, must'd out June 5, '65, as serg't. 
 Perry Adkinson, deserted Jan. 10, '63. 
 
 Musician. 
 
 Samuel Simmers, deserted Oct. 5, '62. 
 Privates. 
 
 Atwater, M. L., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Atwater, Wm., discharged Mar. 1, '63 ; dis'blty. 
 
 Brown, Perry, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Brown, Thos., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Brown, Simpson, diseh. Aug 31, '63; dis'blty. 
 
 Brewer, Aaron, died McAfee, Ga., Jan. 23, '64. 
 
 Curless, Jos., mustered out June 5, '65, as corp'l. 
 
 Curless, Lorenzo D, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Cunningham, Alex., mustered out June 5, '65, 
 
 Douglass, Jno. W., trans. toV. R. C, Feb. 3, '65. 
 
 Edmonds, Benj. F., deserted Oct. 8, '62. 
 
 Fawsett, Levi, diseh. June 1, '63, disability. 
 
 Hays, Dan'l, died at Louisville, Ky., Dec. 1, '62. 
 
 Hagan, Jno. B., tr. to Co. H, died in Nashville. 
 Tenn., Jan. 28, '62. 
 
 Hensley, J. W., absent, not mustered. 
 
 Jones, Jas. W., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Kelly, Wm., diseh. July 18, '63. 
 
 Kerns, Franklin, diseh. April 1, '63. • 
 
 Longfellow, Dan'l G , serg't, killed at Kene- 
 saw, June 27, '64. 
 
 Levingston, Stephen, deserted Oct. 5, '62. 
 
 Mcl'omb, Anderson, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 McKay, Francis M., tr. to Co. H, M. O., June 
 5. '65. 
 ; O'Donnell, Thos., deserted Oct. 8, '62. 
 j Prentice, Wm., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 I Prentice, Berry, killed at Kenesaw Mt., June 
 
 27, '64. 
 : Parker, Wm. B., M. O., June 5, '65. 
 j Reever, Peter, corp'l, missing since the battle 
 
 of Kenesaw Mt., Ga.. June 27, '64. 
 , Reed, G. W., mustered out June 5. '65. 
 1 Smith, Lewis C, Hisch. April 1, '63 ; dis'blty. 
 I Shargo, Joseph, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 1 Shargo, Geo. W., diseh. Oci. 1, '62; disability. 
 i Smith, Alford, died at Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 
 
 16, '63. 
 i Stephenson, Jas. N., mustered out June 5, '65.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 179' 
 
 Severns, Marion, killed at Kenesaw Mt., June 
 27, '64. 
 
 Still, Solomon, tr. to V. R. C. 
 
 Still, Samuel, died at Danville, Ky., Dec. 5, '62. 
 
 Still, Robt., disch. April 1, '63; disability. 
 
 Shields, James, killed at Kenesaw Mt., June 
 27, '64. 
 
 Snodgrass, John W., tr. to Co. H, died at Chat- 
 tanooga, Oct. 8, '62. 
 
 Seymour, Louis, tr. to Engineer Corps, July 
 31, '64. 
 
 Sandridge, Daniel, m. o. June 5, '65, as corp'l. 
 
 Shores, John, killed at Kenesaw Mt., June 27, 
 '64. 
 
 Smith, Wm., m. o. June 5, '65, as serg't. 
 
 Thomas, Aaron, tr. to V. R. C , June 1, '63. 
 
 Taylor, David, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Thompson, John, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Workman, George, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company II. 
 
 Captain. 
 Ira A. Mardis, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Luke Elliott, resigned Nov. 12, '62. 
 Andrew J. Horton, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Washington M. Shields, resigned Feb 16, '63. 
 
 Sergeant- 
 Eli Sheilds, killed at Marietta, Ga., June 27, 64. 
 
 Corporals. 
 John T. Zimmerman, m. o. June 17, as private, 
 
 *was prisoner. 
 Henry Shields, disch. Mar. 9, '65 ; disability. 
 John W. Swann, mustered out June 5, '65, as 
 
 private. 
 Eliser J. Elliott, killed at Marietta, Ga., June 
 17, '64. 
 
 Musician. 
 
 Martin K. Dobson, m.o. June 5, '65, as private. 
 
 Privates. 
 Bushnell, John, mustered out June 5, '65, 
 Barnes, Geo. W., disch. Jan. 29, '63 ; dis'blty. 
 Bransen, Chas. R., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Bloomfield, Henry, died, Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 Feb. 11, '63. 
 Barnes, Joal A., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Crable, Joseph, disch. Feb. 3, '63; disability. 
 Collins, Wm., disch. Dec. 20, '64; wounds. 
 Duncan, Chas., mustered out June 5, '65 as 
 
 corporal. 
 Dutton, Daniel, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Freitley, Wm. H., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Gossage, Jeremiah, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Horton, Jonathan B., disch. Jan. 19, '63 ; dis'ty. 
 Horton, Marion, absent, sick at m. o. of reg't. 
 Harris, Wm. A., mustered out June 17, '65 ; 
 
 was prisoner. 
 Hughes, Chas. A., died at Ackworth, Ga., June 
 
 20, '64. 
 Horn, Jacob, trans, to V. R. C 
 Hulburt, Wm. H., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Kingery, John F., absent, sick at m. o. of reg't. 
 McClaren, John W., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Newberry, George W., mustered out June 5, 65. 
 Osborn, Wm., mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Palmer, Joel, disch. Jan. 10, '63 ; disability. 
 Rodgers, Michael, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Perkins, John H , trans, to Engineer Corps. 
 Snodgrass, Robert, mustered out June 5, '65. 
 Salsbury, Jas., trans, to Engineer Corps. 
 Shaw, Geo. W., died at Nashville, Term. 
 Saffer, John N., killed at Marietta, Ga., June 
 
 27, '64. 
 Shields, Benjamin F., mustered out June 5. '65. 
 Thompson, J no. A., died at Chattanooga, Tenn., 
 
 July 7, '64; wounds received in action. 
 Thompson, Samuel, m. o. June 5, '65, as corp'l. 
 Zellers, Fred. F., m. o. June 17, '65; was 
 
 prisoner. 
 
 Unasslgned Recruits. 
 
 Fleming, Daniel, mustered out May 11, '65. 
 Zimmerman, Joseph, mustered out May 11, '65. 
 
 Eighty-ninth Infantry-Three Years Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 The " Railroad Regiment/' as this was 
 familiarly known, was organized by the 
 railroad companies of Illinois, at Chi- 
 cago, in August, 1862. Captain John 
 Christopher, Sixteenth United States In- 
 fantry, was appjinted Colonel, aud Chas- 
 T. Hotchkiss, Lieutenant-Colonel. It 
 was mustered into United States' service 
 August 27th, 1862. It was ordered to 
 Louisville, Kentucky, September 4th, 
 and upon leaving this place, started in 
 pursuit of the rebel forces under Gen- 
 eral Bragg, and, after a fruitless aud 
 wearisome march of a month, reached 
 Bowling Green, Kentucky. When in 
 the service about four months it took 
 an active part in the memorable battle 
 of Stone River, where, by the gallant 
 conduct of the men, the regiment soon 
 became classified among the old, tried 
 soldiers. At Liberty Gap, another loss 
 was sustained of several officers and 
 men. Was at Mission Ridge, and scaled 
 the enemy's entrenchments and drove 
 him from them, losing a number of offi- 
 cers and men. With the brigade to which 
 it belonged, it participated in the splen- 
 did victories of Rocky Face, Resaca, 
 Pickett's Mills, Kenesaw Mountain, 
 Beech-Tree Creek, and the flank move- 
 ment at Atlanta, and pursued the routed 
 enemy in his retreat to Jonesboro and 
 Lovejoy's Station. It was engaged in the 
 battles of Spring Hill, Columbia, Frank- 
 lin, and Nashville. It was mustered 
 out of service June 10th, 1865, arriving 
 in Chicago, Illinois, on the 12th, and on 
 the 24th received final payment and dis- 
 cbarge at Camp Butler, Springfield, Illi- 
 nois. The following list shows the names 
 of those who went from Schuyler county 
 in this regiment. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I.— Men from Schuy- 
 ler County. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Charles M. Carnahan, mus. out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 William W. Carnahan, deserted Dec. 5, 1862. 
 Josiah B. McElyaa, mus. out June 10, 1865, as 
 
 private. 
 John McKennett, Jr., trans, to Engineer Corps 
 
 July 25, 1864. 
 
 Corporals. 
 James S. Quince, mustered out June 10, '65, as 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 Jojin Gaffney, mns. out June 10, '65, as serg't. 
 Daniel D. Carnahan, deserted June 28, 1863. 
 
 Musician. 
 Thurston Smith, di3. Feb. 16, '63; disability. 
 
 Privates. 
 Butterfield, George, absent, sick at mus. out of 
 
 regiment. 
 Barrett, John W., mustered out June 5, 1865. 
 Carr, Benj. F, died at Chicago, June 5, 1863. 
 Carnahan, David, discharged Aug. 8, 1863. 
 Guthrie, Jos., absent, wounded at mus. out of 
 
 regiment. 
 Graham, James, died at Nashville, Tenn., June 
 
 30, 1864 ; wounds. 
 Holden, Benjamin, deserted May, 1864. 
 Hopkins, Hiram, dis. Jan. 29, '63; disability. 
 Holden, Wm. killed at Murfreesboro, Deo. 31, 
 
 1862. 
 Holton, Densid, mustered out June 10, '65, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Johnson, Andrew J., must, out June 10, 1865, 
 
 as sergeant. 
 Liyd, Joseph J., dis. Sep. 29, '63 ; disability. 
 Malugin, Zachariah, killed at Kenesaw Mt., 
 
 June 19, 1864. 
 Mannor, John R. or K., mus. out June 10, '65. 
 May, Martin H., died in Andersonville prison, 
 
 Sept. 29, 1864 ; No. of grave 10,009. 
 Oliver, William, mustered out June 10, '65, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Parker, Samuel P., discharged July 9, 1863 ; 
 
 disability. 
 Richey, Thomas, killed, Picketts Mills, Ga., 
 
 Mav 27, 1864. 
 Rouse, Alonzo G., deserted Dec. 30, 1862. 
 Smith, Samuel A., mus. out June 10, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Thompson, Wm. H., tr. to V. E. C. Dec. 15, '63. 
 Van Campen, Daniel D., mus. out June 10. '65. 
 Vroman, Daniel R., must, out June 10, 1865. 
 
 Ninety-ninth Infantry .--Three Years Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 A number of men in Companies B 
 and F of this regiment enlisted from 
 Brown county. Their names may be 
 seen in the list following this short his- 
 torical memoranda. The regiment was 
 organized in Pike county of this State, 
 in August, 1862, by Colonel- George W. 
 K. Bailey, and was mustered in at Flor- 
 ence, August 23d, 1862, by Captain J. 
 H. Rathbone. On the same day it moved 
 to St. Louis, Missouri, and rendezvoused 
 at Benton Barracks on the 24th, being 
 the first regiment out of the State under 
 the call of 1862. Left here September 8th, 
 and served in the department of Rolla, 
 until the spring of 1863. It engaged in 
 the skirmish at Bear Creek, losing one 
 killed, four wounded, one taken pris- 
 oner; and in the battle of Hartsville, 
 Missouri, losing thirty-five, killed and 
 wounded. May 1st, was in the battle 
 near Port Gibson, called Magnolia Hills, 
 losing thirty-seven men, killed and 
 wounded. Was at the defense of Vicks- 
 burg. May 19th. and on the 22d the reg- 
 iment took a prominent part in the as- 
 sault, losing, out of 300 men, 103 killed
 
 180 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and wounded. During this campaign 
 and siege, 253 were killed, wounded, and > 
 missing. In the campaign of Tesche, 
 the regiment was in several skirmishes, 
 and in the battle of Grand Coteau. Took 
 part in the siege of Spanish Fort. In June, 
 1865, the division was detailed to pro- 
 ceed to the Indian Territory, and to 
 form temporary treaties of peace with 
 the Indian tribes. The Colonel formed 
 treaties with ten tribes, and returned 
 (having travelled a thousand miles) on 
 July 3d, 1865. Arrived at Springfield, 
 Illinois, August 6th, and received final 
 payment and discharge August 9th, 
 1865. 
 
 Miutrr Roll Company B. — M < ti froiu Brown 
 county. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bratten, John T., dis. April 10, '63 ; disab'ty. 
 Handle;, James, discharged August 8, 1863. 
 Kimball, James H. tr. to Co. B., as consolida- 
 ted ; discharged. 
 Newinghani, John W- mus. out July 31, '65. 
 Simpson, Alexander, discharged Aug. 19, '63. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company F. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Elias Reed, tr. to Co. A., as consolidated, mus. 
 out July 31, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Baker, Noah. 
 
 Beckman, William H., tr. to Co. A., as con- 
 solidated, mustered out July 31, 1865. 
 
 Cunningham, Nicholas, died at Pilot Knob, 
 Mo., May 16, 1863. 
 
 Hofsess, Adam, tr. to Co. A, as consolidated ; 
 absent, sick at mus. out of regiment. 
 
 Jones, John, died at Vicksburg, April 12, '63. 
 
 Job, James M., discharged Jan. 8, 1863. 
 
 Morrell, Benjamin, died at home Jan. 3, 1865. 
 
 Medaugh, Nathaniel, killed at Vicksburg, 
 May 22, 1863. 
 
 Stuart, Chas. mustered out July 31, 1865. 
 
 Snelling, George W., discharged June 1, 1863. 
 
 Thompson, Columbus, mus. out July 31, 1865 
 
 Westfall, Thomas, killed at Vicksburg, May 
 22,1863. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company 6. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Thompson, Franklin, killed at Vicksburg, Mav 
 22, 1863. 
 
 One Hundred and First Infantry. —(Three 
 Years Service.)-- Sluster Roll, Company A. 
 —Men from Brown county. 
 
 Prirates. 
 
 Cooper, John, mustered out June 7, 1865. 
 Miller, James, died at Hollv Springs, Miss., 
 Dec 17, 1862. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I :. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 
 Edward T. King, discharged 28, 1863, as 
 
 1st Sergeant ; disability. 
 
 One hundred and Seventh Infantry — (Three 
 ^ ears Service.) Men from Brown county. 
 
 Chaplain . 
 Samuel H. Martin, resigned Dec. 7, 1863. 
 
 Muster Roll Company G. 
 
 Captain. 
 Zadock C. Wedman, resigned Oct. 25, 1864. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Lake Clark, tr. to Colvin's 111. Battery. 
 Frank Bean, mustered out June 21, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Geo. T. Weedman, mustered out June 21, '65. 
 I. A. Williams, dis. Feb. 20, '63 ; disability. 
 
 One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment, Illi- 
 nois Volunteers, Gen. Jesse H. Moore Co- 
 lonel In Command. 
 
 This regiment was organized and sworn 
 into the United States' service at Camp 
 Butler, September 19th, 1862. Ordered 
 into the field on the 4th of October, 
 1862. Reported to Major-Gen. Wright, 
 at Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 6th of Octo 
 ber, and on the same day crossed the , 
 river into Kentucky, and reported to 
 General A. 8. Smith. Marched through 
 Kentucky, and reached Nashville, Ten- 
 nessee, February 10th, 1863. The regi- 
 ment moved to Tullahoina, and held that 
 post till September 5th, 1863. September 
 14th, by a forced march across the Cum- 
 berland mountains, reached Rossville, 
 Georgia, five miles south of Chattanooga. 
 Remained four days. On the 18th of 
 September, 1863, engaged the enemy on 
 the extreme left, upon the field of Chick- 
 amauga. In this engagement the regi- 
 ment lost six men. September 20th 
 crossed to the support of Gen. Thomas, 
 on the extreme right, leaving camp at 
 sunrise. Engaged the enemy on Thomas' 
 right, at 1 o'clock, P. M., with Stead- 
 man's division, Tenth Regiment's reserve 
 corps. After a most fearful struggle, 
 held the ground till night. Half the 
 entire command was cut down. Colonel 
 Moore and his regiment were com- 
 mended for their bravery, in orders. It 
 participated in all the engagements 
 around Chattanooga and Mission Ridge. 
 The regiment lost in killed, wounded, 
 and captured, in the campaign around 
 Chattanooga, in the fall of 1863, about 
 235 men, and 10 officers. About the 21st 
 of February, 1864, marched with a de- 
 tachment of the Army of the Cumber- 
 land, under General Palmer, against 
 Dalton, Georgia. Spent ten days feeling 
 the enemy, and returned to camp, near 
 Cleveland, Tennessee. The regiment lost 
 six men. Remained here till the 3d of 
 May, when, with General Sherman's 
 grand army, it started on the Atlanta , 
 campaign. The One Hundred and Fif- 
 teenth Regiment, on the 7th of May, led 
 
 the charge upon Tunnel Hill, Georgia, 
 driving the enemy through Buzzard 
 Roost Gap. The 15th and 16th of May, 
 engaged in battle at Resaca, Georgia, 
 sustained stubbornly a charge upon the 
 left flank, for which the regiment was 
 commended in orders. Lost in this con- 
 test about thirty men and officers. 
 
 All the principal engagements of the 
 military division of the Mississippi were 
 inscribed, by orders, upon the regimental 
 banner. The regiment lost, during the 
 Atlanta campaign, about 100 men. 
 When General Sherman marched to the 
 sea, General Thomas' command was de- 
 tached, and ordered to Tennessee to 
 watch the movements of General Hood. 
 The One Hundred and Fifteenth Regi- 
 ment was with this force, in the second 
 division, Fourth Army Corps. The reg- 
 iment took an active part in the engage- 
 ments, which, in November and Decem- 
 ber, 1864, resulted in the destruction of 
 Bragg's old veteran army, known as the 
 "Army of the Tennessee," and then 
 commanded by Confederate General 
 Hood. The brigade to which the One 
 Hundred and Fifteenth Illinois Regi- 
 ment belonged for nearly two years 
 without material alteration, was known 
 throughout the department as the " Iron 
 Brigade," and was, for the most part, 
 up to the 22d of December, 1864, com- 
 manded by Gen. Walter C. Whitaker, 
 of Kentucky, who neglected no oppor- 
 tunity to win distinction for himself and 
 his command. 
 
 On the 23d of December, 1864, while 
 pursuing General Hood in his retreat 
 from Nashville, Colonel J. H. Moore, of 
 the One Hundred and Fifteenth Illinois 
 Regiment, took command of this splendid 
 brigade, and continued its commander 
 till it was mustered out of the service, 
 at the close of the war. 
 
 General Hood having been driven, 
 after his defeat at Nashville, Tennessee, 
 with the remains of a broken army, 
 across the Tennessee, the One Hundred 
 and Fifteenth Regiment, with the Fourth 
 Army Corps, marched to Huntsville, 
 Alabama, and went into camp on the 
 5th of January, 1865. Marched thence, 
 on the 14th of March, into East Ten- 
 nessee, thence expecting to move, by the 
 way of Lynchburg, Virginia, to assist 
 in the capture of Richmond. But, while 
 in the vicinity of Greenville, Tennessee,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 181 
 
 Richmond fell, and General Lee sur- 
 rendered. The regiment then moved, 
 with the Fourth Army Corps, and went 
 into camp near Nashville, Tennessee, 
 and there remained until mustered out 
 of service, June 11th, 1865. Arrived 
 at Camp Bitler, Illinois, 1865, and 
 received final pay and discharge June 
 23d, 1865. 
 
 Thus lit will be seen that Company D, 
 from Schuyler county, was engaged in 
 many hard-fought battles, and did honor 
 to itself and the county which gave it 
 birth. 
 
 Bfon-Commissioiietl Staff.— Men from Schuy- 
 ler Comity. 
 
 Hispital Steward. 
 
 Luther M. Hobart, mustered out June 11, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 
 Edwin Utter, disch , May 13, 1863 ; disabilty. 
 
 Muster Roll Company l>. 
 
 Captain* 
 
 Stephen M Huckstep, died of wounds Dee. 9, 
 
 1863. 
 Samuel Hymer, honorably disch , May 15/65 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 Christian C. Bridgewater, resigned for good of 
 
 service, May 26, 1863. 
 Michal P. Jones,- honorably disch., May 15, 
 
 1865. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 George Frisby, absent sick at in. o of reg't. 
 Andrew Bridgewater, private, died Jefferson- 
 
 ville, Ind , Feb. 8, 1865 
 George Gillett, killed at Chickamauga Sept. 
 
 20, 1863. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Robert Stewart, m. o. July 1, '65, as serg't 
 
 was prisoner. 
 Daniel W. Smith, died Franklin, Tenn., Mav 
 
 2, '65. 
 Francis Banks, disch , May 11. '63; disability 
 James A. Deal, m. o , July 1, '65, as 1st serg't 
 
 pris war. 
 Andrew Jacoby, m. o July 1, '65 ; as serg't, 
 
 pris war. 
 Charles Barker, absent wounded, at m o ol 
 
 reg't 
 Alva Bond, m o. June 11, '65, as serg't. 
 Perry P. Toll, tr., to V R. C , July 20, 1861 
 
 Musician. 
 William Rhodes, in. o June 11, 1865. 
 
 Wagoner 
 James Buckles, m. o. June 11, 1865 
 
 Prirate.i. 
 Bowman, William, in o June 11, '65. 
 Bvers, Monroe, died at Danville, Kv., Jan. 
 
 22, '63. 
 Bryant, John, disch. Feb 7, 18G3; disability. 
 Bridgewater, Elias, died at Clevelend, Tenn , 
 
 March 10, '64,, 
 Bennett, William R., m o. June 11, '65. 
 Bryant, James M., m o July 1, '65, pris war. 
 Bechtol. Squire, m o. June 11, 1865. 
 Boyd, Joseph E. killed at Dalton, Ga., Oct. 
 
 13, 1864. 
 Bowling, William, died at Danville, Ky , Jan. 
 
 25, 1863. 
 
 Barker, Andrew J , m. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Buckles, Elisha, died at Chattanooga, Sept 
 29, 1864 
 
 Calvin, George W., m o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Calister, Joseph, m o July l,'65,^)ris war. 
 
 Cokenour, Alfred, disch.. Oct. 24, '63 ; disa- 
 bility 
 
 Cross, George W.,m o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Campbell, George W., in o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Dixon, William, killed at Dalton, Ga , Oct 
 13, 1864. 
 
 Dupee, Francis M., killed at Chickamauga, 
 Sept. 20, '65. 
 
 Dupee, Daniel T., m. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Dupee, James C, m. o July 1, 65 ; pris war. 
 
 Dace, Michael, m. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Dace, Edwin, m. o June 11, 1865. 
 
 Deal, Strathearn, died at Danville, Kv , Jan. 
 27. 1863. 
 
 Everhart, Samuel, disch. April 30, '63; disa- 
 bility. 
 
 Eads, Samuel S., m o June 11, 1865. 
 
 Fagan, Patrick, m o. June 11, 1865 
 
 Gory, Martin, m_o June 11, 1865. 
 
 Gregory, George, m. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Harlon, William, died Jeffersonville, Ind , 
 Jan. 2, 1865. 
 
 Herron, William, m. o. June 11, 18G5. 
 
 Ishinael, Francis I) , m. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, Corp., died at Huntsville. 
 Feb. 1, 1865. 
 
 Jones, Nathan, killed at Dalton, Ga., Oct. 13, 
 1864. 
 
 Jacoby, Christopher, in. o. June 11, 1865. 
 
 Kent, Asher, deserted Sept 28, 1862. 
 
 Lamaster, Charles, m. o. July 1, '65, pris war. 
 
 Lent, Jeremiah, dish , Dec. 24, '64 ; disability 
 
 Lenover, Alexander, disch., March 24, '63, dis- 
 ability 
 
 Lane, Garrett, m. o. June, 11,1865, as corp'l. 
 
 Loe, Fieldon, killed near Dalton, Ga.. Oct. 13, 
 1864. 
 
 Masterson, George, m. o. June 1 1, '65, as 
 corporal. 
 
 Myers, Daniel, disch., April 12, '65 ; disability. 
 
 Moreland. John, in. o. July 1, '65 ; pris war, 
 
 Muck, Humphrey, m. o. May 18, '65, wnd'd. 
 
 Monnett, William, died at Danville, Ky., Feb. 
 15, 1863. 
 
 Miller, Henrv, trans., to eng., corps, Aug. 15, 
 1863. 
 
 Newell, James, disch., April 20, '64; disab'tv. 
 
 Parish. John, killed, at Dalton, Ga., Oct. 13, 
 1864. 
 
 Park, Overton, m. o. June 11, '65, as corp'l. 
 
 Pickenpan, tr., to eng. corps, Aug. 15, '64. 
 
 Russel. Isaiah, m. o. June II, 1865. 
 
 Robertson, James W. m. o. July 1, '65, pris 
 war. 
 
 Root, Jacob, mustered out June 11, 1866. 
 
 Smedlev, John M. killed at Chickamauga. 
 Sept. 20, 1863. 
 
 Smedlev, David L., disch., April 12, '63, disa- 
 bility. 
 
 Smedley, Thomas I., m. o. July 1, '66, pris 
 war. 
 
 Smedley, William A., died at Chattanooga, 
 Oct. 15, '63, wounds. 
 
 Stark, John, dish., March 7, '63 ; wounds. 
 
 Stoneking, Jaeob, disch., Oct. 7, '61 ;disab'ty. 
 
 Stoneking, Washinston P., tr., to V. R, C, 
 Sept. 1, '63. 
 
 Smith, John S. died in Andersonville prison, 
 Feb. 3, '65, No. of grave 12,566. 
 
 Stephens, John M. m. o. July 1, '65, pris war. 
 
 Terrell, Andrew J., in. o. July 1, '65, pris war. 
 
 Thompson , James, m. o.June 11. '65, as corp. 
 
 Tyson, William, m. o. July 1, '65, pris war. 
 
 Tyson, George W., died at Resaca, May 21; 
 
 Teeple, Jackson, disch April 20, 63 ; disability. 
 
 Underbill, William B., in. o. June 11, '65. 
 
 Underhill, Anson W., m. o. July 1, '65, pris 
 
 war. 
 Welker, Steward, m. o. June 11, '65. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Jackson, Jesse, tr., to Co., A. 21 111.,' Inft'y, 
 
 in. o. Dec. 16, '65. 
 Julium, Milton P., tr., to Co., A. 21 111., 
 
 Inft'y, paroled pris war, dich. Aug, 30,'65. 
 Stephens, Elias, in. o. July 1, '65, pris war. 
 Scott, Richard, disch., June 5, '65, as corp'l, 
 
 disability. 
 Zimmerman, Patman, m. o. June 11, 1865, 
 
 corpl. pris war. 
 
 Muster Roll Company D. — Men from Brown 
 comity. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Ishinael, Francis D., m.o. June 11, '65. 
 Jones, Nathan, killed at Dalton, Ga ,Oct. 13, 
 
 1864. 
 Sebastian, George S., deserted Feb. 22, 63. 
 Thomas, James R. , m. o. June 11, 65. 
 
 One Hundred and Eighteenth. — Three 
 Years Service.— Muster'Roll Company I. — 
 Men from Brown County. 
 
 Captain, 
 
 James E. Logan, m. o. Oct. 1, 1865. 
 
 One Hundred and Nineteenth Infantry. 
 Three Years Service. 
 
 The 119th regiment was organized at 
 Quincy, Illinois, in September, 1862, by 
 Col. Thomas J. Kinney, and was mus- 
 tered on October 10th, by Lieutenant R. 
 Knox, U. S. A. November 2d., moved 
 to Columbus, Kentucky, and thence to 
 Jackson, Tennessee. On Dec. 3d, 
 moved to Post Kenton. On Dec. 2 1st., 
 companies G. and K. were captured at 
 Rutherford's Station. Feb. 6th, 1863, 
 moved to Humboldt. May 30th, moved 
 to Memphis, and was assigned to the 
 Fourth Brigade, Col. D. Moore com- 
 manding ; Fifth Division, Brig. Gen. J. 
 C. Veach commanding; Sixteenth 
 Corps, Major General S. A. Hurlbut, 
 commanding. January, 1864, the r<g- 
 iment moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi. 
 Was engaged in the Meridian Campaign, 
 under Gen. Sherman. Engaged in the 
 battle of Fort De Bussey, losing 2 
 killed and 18 wounded. Was engaged 
 at Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, May 9th, 
 1 killed, and 1 wounded. At Bayou la 
 Moore— 1 killed and 1 wounded. At 
 Yellow Bayou, March 18th — losing 1 
 officer and 3 men killed, 3 men mortally 
 wounded, and 3 officers and 34 men 
 wounded. Moved to Vicksburg, May 
 25th, and to Memphis, June 24lh. 
 Moved by rail to La Grange, and July 
 5th, commenced march through Missis-
 
 182 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 sippi Engaged Forrest's forces at Tu- 
 pelo, on the 14th, and returned to Mem- 
 phis, on the 27th. Sept. 5th, moved to 
 Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. October 
 2d, started after Price, and returned No- 
 vember 18th, having marched over 700 
 miles. 
 
 December 1st. arrived at Nashville. 
 Was engaged in the battle of December 
 15th and 16th — loss 9 wounded. Pur- 
 sued the enemy as far as Eastport. Em- 
 barked for New Orleans. March 5th, 
 moved to Dauphine Island ; 19th, moved 
 to Spanish Fort and Blakely. Was 
 engaged at both — losing 2 killed and 
 14 wounded — the One Hundred and 
 Nineteenth being in the skirmish line, 
 on April 9th. The regiment was mus 
 tered out August 26th, 1865, by Captain 
 S. C. Howell, A. C M., and arrived at 
 Camp Butler, Illinois, Sept. 4, 1865, 
 where it received final payment and dis- 
 charge. 
 
 Men from Schuyler county. 
 
 Colonel. 
 
 Thomas J. Kenney, promoted brevet, brigadier 
 general, Mar. 26, 1865. M. O. Aug. 26, 
 1865. 
 
 Surgeons. 
 
 Thomas, Mimroe, resigned June 10, 1864. 
 
 Non-Coin missioned Staff. 
 
 Sergeants — Majors. 
 
 Henry E. Warsham, mustered out Aug. 26, 
 1865. 
 
 Quarter- Master Sergeant. 
 Daniel O. Cross, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Commissary Sergeants. 
 Cyrus W. Graff, mustered out Aug 26, 1865. 
 
 Principal Musicians. 
 William H. Cadv, musterel out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Tracy F. Castle, "mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. 
 
 Captains. 
 George Parker died Aug. 14, 1863. 
 Johston C. Dilworth resigned Nov. 5, 1864. 
 Charles H. Sweeney must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Firet Lieutenant. 
 Geo. F. Owen, mustered out Aug. 6, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 Ezekiel M. Bradley, M.O. Aug 12, 1863. 
 Jason C. Duncan, dishonorably dismissed 
 
 June 1, 1864. 
 George Warren, M. O. (as sergeant) Aug. 26, 
 1865. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Abraham K. Long, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Abraham- Vail, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Corporal. 
 George Bebbmann, mustered out Aug, 26, 
 1865, as sergeanL 
 
 George W. Brown, discharged April 2, 1863, 
 
 disability. 
 Levi Jones, deserted Nov. 13, 1862. 
 
 McHenry, Rum k, in. o. Aug. 24, 1865, as priv't. 
 Geo Willard, M. O. Aug. 24, 1865 as serg' nt. 
 John C. Gregory, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 James Maynard. deserted Nov. 13, 1862. 
 Andrew H. McCormack, mus tered out 
 Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Anderson, Edwin, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Bridgewater, Levi, must'd out Aug 26, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Black, John L., died at Memphis Feb. 14, '64. 
 Bensby, Edwin, mustered out Aug. 24, 1865. 
 Baker, Baxter, mustered out Aug. 24, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 ISiggs, James P., mustered out Aug. 24, 1865. 
 Chapman, Elijah, mustered out May 29, 1865. 
 Carter, Lawrence C., discharged April 30, 
 
 1863, disability. 
 Cox, John S., mustered out July 28, 1865. 
 Dunn, James H., discharged Sept. 5, 1863, dis- 
 ability. 
 Daniels, Lewis B., died at Chicago Sept. 25, 
 
 1864. 
 Dennis, Francis M., died at Memphis April 13, 
 
 1864. 
 Gain, George, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Gabbert, Alfred P., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865 
 Garrison, Henry V., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Garvin, Thomas, discharged May 18, 1865, 
 
 wounds. 
 Gilham, Thomas J., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Gardner, Henry W., trans, to V. K. C. Feb. 
 
 11,1864. 
 Geer, John M., died Memphis June 26, 1864. 
 (jrubb, Horace, mustered out Aug, 26, 1865. 
 Gwin, John, mustered out Aug. 26, '1865. 
 Garrison, Daniel, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Gorsage, Joel, J., mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Gorsage, John, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Gillham, David B., deserted Jan. 26, 1864. 
 Herbert. Cvrus, transferred to V. R. C. Jan- 
 
 14, 1864. 
 Ilollingsworth, Avenant, died at Jeff. Barracks 
 
 September 13, 1864. 
 Ilollingsworth, Enoch B., mustered out Aug. 
 
 24, 1865. 
 Hatfield, William F., died at New Orleans 
 
 April 11, 1865. 
 Henslev, William H., mustered out Aug. 26, 
 
 1865. 
 Huff, John, mustered out Aug. 24, 1865. 
 Irwin, Eleazer D., died at Buntvn Station 
 
 April 3, 1863, 
 Johnson, James M.,tr. to V. B. C. Feb 11, '64. 
 Jones, Patrick, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Kelley, Henry P., must'd out July 28, 1865. 
 Knowles, Edwin, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Leger, William, died of wounds received at 
 
 Fort De Russey, La., March 14, 1864. 
 Leek, William, mustered out Aug 26, 1865. 
 Livingston, Hugh, transferred to V. R. C. Feb. 
 
 11, 1864. 
 Lane, Alfred G., discharged May 24, 1865, 
 
 disability. 
 Lane, Benton, mustered out Aug. 24, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Marquis, James, discharged Feb. 26, 1863, disa- 
 bility. 
 McNew, Robert, mustered out June 7, 1865. 
 Meriwether, George, must'd out Aug. 26 '65. 
 Matheny, James, died at Humbolt, Tennessee, 
 
 Feb. 20, 1863. 
 McGaugh, David, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 McCombs, Martin, deserted Oct 10, 1864; 2d 
 
 desertion. 
 Morgan, Walter R., transferred to V. R- C„ 
 
 Nov. 28. 1863. 
 Nell, Frederick, mustered Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Phillips, Benjamin F., must'd out Aug. 26,' 65. 
 Price, Henrv, transferred to Co. C. Nov. 1,'62, 
 
 M. O. June 7. 1865. 
 
 Pruet. Andrew J., died Kenton, Tenn. Dec. 7, 
 
 1862. 
 Rodgers, William, discharged April 30, 1863, 
 
 disability. 
 Randall, John T , trans, to V. R. C. May 1, '64. 
 Rose, James, died at Jeff. Barracks,' M. O. 
 
 Sept. 7, '64, wounds. 
 Sprouls, Charles, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Smith, Hezekia, mustered out Aug 26, '65. 
 Shields, Joshua, tr. to V. R. C. Oct. 5, '63, died 
 
 Rock Island, III March 3, '65. 
 Seborn, Jacob, mustered out Aug. 26, 65. 
 Simpson. William, discharged May 19, 1863, 
 
 disability. 
 Tipton, George W., killed Yellow Bayou, La., 
 
 May 18, 64. 
 Tipton, John, mustered out Aug. 27, '65. 
 Tate, John W., mustered out Aug. 27, '65, 
 
 corporal 
 Vaughn, Jacob, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Widsom, Benton, died Fry Station, Tennessee. 
 
 Feb. 13, '63, 
 Winchel, Admiral, M. O. Aug. 26. '65. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Edgar, John E., mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Garrett, Andrew M., mustered out Aug,26 '65. 
 Garrett, Patrick A., mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Gossuch, Joshua- died at Jefferson Barracks 
 
 Feb. 11, '65. 
 Montooth, James, mustered out Aug. 65. 
 Mace, Andrew M., mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Miller, James L.. mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Norval, Alexander, discharged May 8, '65, 
 
 disability. 
 Phelps, William P., died Hospital Boat Mar. 
 
 16, '64, wounds. 
 
 Robertson, Daniel, tr. to V. R. C. Nov. 28, '63. 
 Webster, Daniel, died Memphis July 29, '64. 
 Willard, Patrick H., mustered out Aug. 26,' 65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company C. 
 
 Captains. 
 Robert L. Greer, resigned Dec. 1, '73. 
 Thomas I. Curry, mustered out Aug. 26, 65. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Adam J. Bower, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Benjamin Goodwin, mustered out Aug. 26, '65 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 George W. Potts, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Sergeants- 
 Thomas McNeely, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 William McNeely, discharged April 3, '65, 
 
 disability. 
 James R. Coony, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Thomas Goodwin, priv., trans, to V. R. C, Oct. 
 
 17, 1864. 
 
 Jacob Washaburgh, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Perry James, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Resolvo M. Leezer, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 private. 
 Wm. T. Simpson, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Alexander Simpson, private, died East Port, 
 
 Miss., Jan. 27, 1865. 
 De Witt C. Ellis, disch. Juna 3, 1864. 
 
 Privates. 
 Avery, Joseph O, mus. out Aug. 26. 1865. 
 j Angle, John, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Bellchamber, John, mus. out Aug. 1865. 
 Berry, David, died at Memphis, June 10, '63. 
 Boileau, Isaac G., died Buntyn Sta.,Tenn., Apr. 
 
 15, 1863. 
 Burnett, Geo. H., died at Alexandria, La., May 
 1, 1864.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 183 
 
 Brown, Win. H., disch. Dec. 11, '62; disab'ty. 
 Chirk, Thomas W., died at Memphis, July 31, 
 
 1864. 
 Collasure, Wm, mus. out June 29, 1865. 
 Curry, James, mus. out Aug. 26. 1865. 
 Connor, Roger O., disch. Dec. 17, '64 ; wounds. 
 Conney, James M., trans, to V. R. C, re-trans. 
 
 to company Feb. 14, 1865. 
 Clark, Wm. J., corp'l; drowned Feb. 11, '65. 
 Coppage, Jas. W-, m. o. Aug. 56, 1865. 
 Cams, John B., disch. June 25, '64; disab'ty. 
 Demiss. Thomas, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Davis, Richard, disch. Aug. 18, '65; disab'ty. 
 Dangherty, Harkness, disch. Aug. 22, '65. 
 Easton, Geo., tr. to V. R. C. Oct 17, 1864. 
 Ellis, John, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Easton, John, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865, as sergt. 
 Garrison, Martin A., m. o. June 30, 1865. 
 Gillham, Jas., m. out Aug. 26, 1865, as corp'l. 
 Harmon, Charley disch. Feb. 17, 1863 ; dis'y. 
 Holliday, William II., disch. April 30, 1864; 
 
 disability. 
 Horgan, Dennis, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Jenkins, Charles A., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Jones, Osborne C, disch. Aug. 22,'64, as corp'l. 
 Kendrick, John, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Kennedy, Quincy, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 King, Greenberry, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Lewis, William A., died Jefferson Barracks, 
 
 Dec. 7, '64. 
 Lincoln, Charles, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Lewis, William, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Lewis, Jasper, disch. Dec. 17, '63; disability. 
 McCabe, Wilber, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Mvers, Stephen, died Jeffersonville, Ind., Jan. 
 
 30, '65. 
 McGraw, Michael, mus. out Aug 26, '65. 
 McAmish, Thompson, trans, to V. R. C. 
 Owen, Jacob H., mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Parks, Thomas, mus. out Aug. 26, '65,ascorp. 
 Pierson, John, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Price, John C, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. . 
 Pitner, Washington, mus. out May 31, '65. 
 Quinn, Thomas, died at Vicksburg, May 23, 
 
 '64 ; wounds. 
 Reno, Oris McCartney, mus. out Aug 26, '65. 
 Stockwell, Jeremiah, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Shields, David, trans, to V. R. C. 
 Stevenson, James, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Sloat, Lucien W., mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Sloat, Earland M., disch. Oct. 11, '64; disab'y 
 Spriggs, George, died at Memphis, Oct. 8, '63. 
 Tharpe, James, disch. Aug. 18, '65 ; disability. 
 Todhunter, Washington, deserted June 25, '64. 
 Tweedle, William B., disch. Apr. 15, '63 ; dis'y. 
 Underwood, Benj. F., died Helena, Ark., Mar. 
 
 12, '64. 
 Vincent, Merrick, mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Waug'.i, Hiram, disch Aug. 21, '64; wounds. 
 W r ard, Lewis E., disch. Aug. 21, '64. 
 Woods, John, disch. June 14, '65 : disability. 
 Young, James A., disch. Apr. 3, '65 ; disab'ty. 
 Young, William S., mus. out Aug. 27, 1865. 
 Yeo, Geo. C, mus. out Aug. 27, 186">. 
 Young, Wm. A., mus. out Aug. 27, 1865. 
 Young, Chas. E , mus. out Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Berry, John J., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Brown, Frederick W., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Cruse, John, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Ennis, James K. P., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Eades, Henry, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Grafton, Samuel, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Hall, James, disch. Dec. 16, 1864; wounds. 
 Jones, George, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Lewis, Jonathan, died at Quincy, Jan. 7, 1865. 
 Race, William, disch. Dec. 5, 1862; disability. 
 Smitb, Matthew H, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Thornton, George M. D., mus. out Aug. 26, 
 
 1865. 
 Williams, Elijah, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Young, James A., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I '.. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Bates, Francis M., killed Ft. Blakely, Ala, Apr. 
 9, 1865. 
 
 Master Roll Company r. 
 
 Captain. 
 
 Joshua Slack, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Iurst Lieutenants. 
 
 Oliver P. Brumback, resigned June 20, 1863. 
 Lewis Cravcraft, dishonorably dismissed, Sep. 
 
 15, 1863. 
 Charles R. Ward, died Sept. 1, 1864. 
 James M. Ashbury, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 Elisha G. West, mus. out (as serg't) Aug. 26, 
 1865. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 Preston E. Veatch, died at Btintyn Station T., 
 Mar. 27, 1863. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Frank B. Clarkson, died at Memphis, July 9, 
 
 1864. 
 James M. Baird, mus. out July 29, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Obed Ramsev, died at Humbolt, Tenn., Mar. 6, 
 1862. 
 
 Green B. Brown, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Robert Golden, disch. June 30, 1863. 
 
 John Wilson, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865, as serg't. 
 
 Trueman S. Lowe, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865 ; re- 
 duced to ranks at his own request. 
 
 John Aulger, m. o- Aug. 26, 1865, as serg't. 
 
 Jefferson Hicks, died at Medon, Tenn., Dec. 
 14, 1862. 
 
 Madison Koontz, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Wagoner. 
 Robert McKoy, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 Ashcraft, Eli, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Brooks, Christopher C, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Blackburn. Arthur, detached at m. o. of reg't. 
 Blackley, William, died at Humbolt, Tenn., 
 
 Mar. 10, 1863. 
 Brown, Alfred, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Baard, John S., died at Humbolt, Tenn., Mar. 
 
 6, 1863 
 Black, William, disch. Aug. 17, 1865. 
 Bowling, Silas A., detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Biggs, Christopher C„ deserted Mar. 6, 1863. 
 Chapman, Thomas, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Cady, Orin, died at Humbolt, Tenn., Mar. 11, 
 
 1863. 
 Clark, Henry, died at Humbolt, Tenn, Mar. 
 
 12, 1863. 
 Cornagie, George M., m. o. Aug 26, 1865. 
 Clayton, Henry, deserted Mar. 6, 1863. 
 Croxten, Sampson, died at Memphis, July 9, 
 
 1863. 
 Caldwell, William, disch. Dec. 13, 1864; disa- 
 bility. 
 Ewing, William, m. o. May 24, 1865. 
 Fowler, Mordica, died at Memphis, Feb. 14, 
 
 1864. 
 Finch, Marshall B., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Oillingwater, Irving, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Griggs, Jacob M., detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Oillespie, Robert, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Green, James R., disch. Aug. 17, 1865. 
 Green, James H, killed at Bayou Le More, La., 
 
 May 7, 1864. 
 Haley, James B, corp'l; wounded May 18, '64, 
 
 detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Hawkins, James, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Hill, Amaziah, m. o. June 29, 1865. 
 
 Hedrick, James M., detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Irvin, William T., sergt. ; detached at m. o. of 
 
 regiment. 
 Kepler, Francis M., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Lewton, William, died Mar. 7, 1865. 
 Lahman, Peter, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Lawson, William G., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Loury, James, disch. June 13, 1865. 
 McHatten, William, m. o. June 22, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Mel vin, Samuel, corp'l ; died Memphis, July 
 
 3, 1863. 
 McCurdy, Arthur, corp'l ; killed at Bayou de 
 
 Gloze, La., May 18, 1864. 
 McIIaley, John, m. o. Aug. 8, 1865. 
 McCready, William A., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 McCready, John J., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Owens, Benjamin, m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Plunckett, Jesse, trans, to V. R. C. Jan., 1864. 
 Poe, Virgil D., detached at in. o. of regt. 
 Race, Sandy, died Memphis, June 6, 1863. 
 Race, Robert, detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Rosson, John J., detached at m. o. of regt. 
 Hide lger, George, deserted Oct. 20, 1862. 
 Ridcnger, Wilson, deserted Oct. 20, 1862. 
 Stair, Isaac II., died at Quincy, 111., Nov. 15, 
 
 1862. 
 Stacker, Abraham, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Smith, Peter, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Sims. Jasper must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Therman, Meredith, disch. Sept. 18, 1865; 
 
 disability. 
 Thomhill, Brvant, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Tunett, John.'deserted Feb. 2, 1863. 
 Vanormer, Jackson, died at home Jan. 2, '65. 
 Watts, Wm II., must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Wilson, Achilles, must, out Aug. 26, 1865; 
 
 wounded. 
 Wilson, Lycurgus. must, out Aug. 26. 1865. 
 Wilson, Ptolemicus, must, out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Wilson, Ulysses, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Wilson, Willis, deserted Feb. 17, 1863. 
 Wilson, Newton, must, out Aug. 26, 1865 ; 
 
 wounded. 
 Whitmore, John, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Whitmore, Jonas, must, out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Williams, Henrv, trans, to V. R. C. Feb. 11, 
 
 1864. 
 Wood, William, must, out Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 
 Recruits- 
 Ashcraft, Harvev, died at Memphis May 26, 
 
 1864. 
 Craycraft, Charles, vet., recruit, detached at m. 
 
 o. of regiment. 
 Irvin, Jerome B., died at Memphis, July 5, 
 
 1864. 
 
 Snediker, George, must, out May 29, 1865. 
 
 Wilson, James, detached at must, out of regt. 
 
 Muster Roll Company G. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Avery, David, tr. to Co. C ; died at Humbolt, 
 
 tenn., Mar. 2, 1863. 
 Bvers, James II. , tr. to Co. C; died at Buntyn 
 
 Station, Tenn., April 19, 1863. 
 Belomy, James W-, tr. to Co. C ; m. out Aug. 
 
 26, 1865. 
 Enos, William, tr. to Co. C ; disch. Apr. 8, '65 ; 
 
 disabilitv. 
 Hamilton, Wm., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 McNealy, Alexander, tr. to Co. C; m. o. Aug. 
 
 26, 1865. 
 Winans, William M., tr. to Co. C ; m. o. Aug. 
 
 26, 1865. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Arlington, Frank J., m. o. Aug. 17, 1865. 
 Muster Roll Company H. 
 Privates. 
 
 Arnold, Chas. E., tr. to Co. B; m. o. Aug. 26i 
 1865.
 
 184 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Bucklev, Jeremiah B., tr. to Co. F ; died at 
 Jackson, Tenn., Feb. 1,1863. 
 
 Chadsey, Asaph N., tr. to Co. C ; disch. Aug. 
 18, 1865, as serg't; disability. 
 
 Duke, Abraham, tr. to Co. B ; deserted Nov. 
 24, 1864. 
 
 Erwin, Harry, tr. to Co. C ; m. o. Aug. 26. '65, 
 as corp'I ; wounded. 
 
 Garrett, Patrick, tr. to Co. B., M. 0., Aug. 
 26, 1865. 
 
 Gillespie, John B., tr. to Co. F., died at Hum- 
 bolt, Tenn. Mar. 10, 1863. 
 
 Jones, Jas. W.. tr. to Co. C. M. 0., Aug. 28, 
 1865. 
 
 James, John C, tr.to Co. B., M. 0., May, 18, 
 I860. 
 
 Norton, John, tr. to Co. B., died at Quincv, 
 111., Jan. 22,1865. 
 
 Parker, Henry, tr. to Co. B.. M. 0., Aug. 24, 
 1865. 
 
 Robertson, Joel, tr. to Co. B ; M. O. Aug. 26, 
 '65. 
 
 Shaver, James L. tr. to Co. F ; died at Jack- 
 son, Tenn. Mar. 14, '63. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Edwin M. Anderson, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Grav, James B. tr. to Co. B ; must'd out Aug. 
 
 "26, '65. 
 Hills, Reuben M-, tr. to Co. F ; tr. to V. R. C. 
 
 Feb. 11, '64. 
 Miller, Ezra, tr. to Co, B ; must'd out Aug. 26, 
 
 '65. 
 Peckenpaugh, Christ. C, tr. to Co. B ; died in 
 
 Memphis July 1, '63. 
 Potts, Lewis W., tr. to Co. C; must'd out Mav 
 
 31, '65. 
 Yates, Rufus, tr. to Co. F ; m. o. Aug. 26, '6-5 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Bilderback, Willis, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Granger, William J., must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Harrison, Thomas, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Riley, Abraham, must'd out ATlg. 26, '65. 
 
 Master Roll, Company K . 
 Privates. 
 
 Baxter, James M., must'd out Aug. 26, '65 as 
 
 Corporal. 
 Bohannon, William T., must'd out Aug. 26, 
 
 '65 as Corporal. 
 Campbell, John R., tr. to Co. C ; m. o. Aug. 
 
 26, '65. 
 McCreery, John P., trans, to Co. Cj died in 
 
 Anderaonville prison Aug. 22, '64; No. 
 
 of grave, 6513. 
 Sweenv. John L., trans, to Co. B ; must'd out 
 
 Aug. 26, '65. 
 Windle, Francis, disch'd July 31 ,'6^ ; disability. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Noel, Clement S. 
 
 Noble, William H., must'd out May 21, '65. 
 Noble, Francis M., rejected. 
 Roberts, John. 
 
 One Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment. — 
 Men from Brown County. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel. 
 Samuel E. Taylor, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Second Asst. Surgeon. 
 Geo. A. Byrns, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Chaplain. 
 
 Clavbourne, S. Williamson, must'd out Aug. 
 26, '65. 
 
 Non-Commtssioned Stair. 
 
 Hospital Steward. 
 John T. Bradbury, must'd Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company A. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Fleming, Lewis, trans, to Co. D; died at Bun- 
 tvn, Tenn. April 10, '63. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C. 
 
 Private. 
 Cox, Jonathan, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I ». 
 
 Captains. 
 
 John H. Hambaugh, resigned Aug. 22, '64- 
 Hiram E. Henry, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 William H. Breckenridge, resigned (as 2d 
 
 Lieut.) Nov. 5, '64. 
 Andrew J. Nighswonger, must'd out Aug. 26, 
 
 '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 
 Harrison Howell, must'd out (as sergeant) 
 Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 Robert Byrnes, died June 4, '64 ; wounds. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 John M. Thomas, discharged Nov. 29, '63. 
 Andrew J. Powell, died at Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 Aug. 11, '56. 
 George W. Emrick, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, 
 
 as private. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 William B. Grav, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, as 
 
 Serg't. 
 Francis O- Howes, died at Memphis, June 30, 
 
 '64. 
 Samuel Whiled, deserted Mar. 6, '63. 
 John G. Dennis, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, as 
 
 Serg't. 
 John Q. Adams, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Privates 
 
 Anderson, David H., tr. toV. R C. Dec 21. '64. 
 Baker, Samuel, tr. to V. R. C. Dec. 21, '64. 
 Baker, Joseph, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Bates, Randall M. must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Baker, James, disch'd Apr. 29, '63 ; disabled. 
 Brisco, James, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Bartlebaugh, Henry, detch'd at m. o. of reg't 
 Bordenkircher, Daniel, died at Quincy, III., 
 
 Nov. 1, '62. 
 Bordenkircher, Geo., must'd out Aug. 26, '65, 
 
 as Corporal. 
 Berry, Amanuel, died at Jackson, Tenn., Nov. 
 
 8, '62. 
 Briggs, Napoleon, tr. to V. R. C. 1863. 
 Byrns, Wm., tr. to V. R. C. Dec. 21, '64. 
 Byrns, Dennis, pris. of war wounded July 4, '64. 
 Beans, Uriah N., corporal, died at Grand 
 
 Ecore, La., April 17, 1SG4. 
 Beans, John T., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Craig, James P., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Cooper, Thomas F., m. o. Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Cooper, William A. must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Cox, Stephen D., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Davis, John M., tr. to V. R. C. Dec. 1, 1861. 
 Dunbar, Henderson, died at Memphis Aug 11, 
 
 1864. 
 Eekert, Charles, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Fleming, Lewis, died at Buntvn, Tenn. April 
 
 10, 1863. 
 Fry, Henry, disch'd Mar. 30. '63; disability. 
 (iaikill, Edward, absent ; sick at m. o. of reg't. 
 Gibson, Wm., detached at m. o. of reg't- 
 
 Gentrv, John W., detch'd at 111. o. of reg't. 
 Hume, William B., tr. to V. R. C.Dec. 1, '63. 
 Hambaugh, James H., must'd out June 7, '65. 
 Howell, Isaac, died at Quincy III. Nov. 14, '62. 
 Henry, Francis J., corp'I ; trans, to V. R. C. 
 
 Jan. 28, 1865. 
 Henry, Martin A., corp'I, detch'd at must'd 
 
 out of regiment. 
 Hagel, Jacob, corp'I, detch'd at m. o. of reg't. 
 Hamilton, George W., must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Hullett. George, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Iterman, John, must'd out June 22, 1865. 
 Knight, James, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Long, David H must d out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Lewi*, John, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, as corp'I. 
 Martin. Isaac, died at Quincy, III. Nov. 1, '62. 
 Monk, Samuel P., died at Memphis July 1, '64. 
 Monk, James W., detch'd at must'd out of reg't. 
 McGlauchlin, Fred S., tr. to V. R. C. Dec. 1, 
 
 1863. 
 Milton, Andrew, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 McClarv, Joseph E., trans, to V. R. C. Dec. 1 , 
 
 1863. 
 McNeal, Alexander, trans, to V. R. C. Dec. 1, 
 
 1863. 
 Northern, Jeremiah, must'd out Aug. 21, '65. 
 Perrings, Justice S., trans, to V. R. C. Feb. 
 
 15, 1864. 
 Powell, Napoleon B., Detached at muster out 
 
 of regiment. 
 Price, Flavius C, must'd out Aug. 18, 1865. 
 Price, James M., must'd out Aug. 18, 1865. 
 Putnam, Marion Z., deserted Nov. 5, 1862. 
 Reddick, Thomas M., detch'd at muster out of 
 
 regiment. 
 Riley, George W, must'd out Aug. 26,1865. 
 Riley, Thomas J. detch'd at m. o. of reg't. 
 Shaffer, John S., died at Memphis July 17, '64. 
 Stuller, Hezekiah L., trans, to V. R. C. Dec. 
 
 31, 1864. 
 Stuller, Jacob, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Simpson, Geo. W., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Stabler, Wm., disch'd Mar. 30, '63 ; disability. 
 Thomas, Wm. A., detch'd at must, out of reg't. 
 Tebo, William T., mustered out Aug. 26, '65, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Thacker, Isaac, tr. to V. R. C. Feb. 15, 1864. 
 Vandeventer, John, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Wilson, John C, corp'I, died at Montgomery, 
 
 Alabama. May 2, 1865. 
 Wilson, Curtis, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Wilson, Christopher, died at Benton Barracks, 
 
 Mo. Jan. 30, 1863. 
 Wilson, Wm. B., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Wilson, James L, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Whitehead, Henry, mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 Wliited, Stephen, "deserted Mar, 6, 1863. 
 Weigand, Jacob J., mustered out Julv 25, '65. 
 Weigand, Charles, tr. to V. R C. Feb." 15, '64. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Bell, Wm. H., mustered out Aug. 21, 1865. 
 Bratton, John T. disch'd Jan. 19, '65 ; disability. 
 Higgins, Thomas, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Lane, Joab R., detached at must, out of reg't. 
 Taylor, Joseph C , mustered out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Compauy K. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 William N. Mumford, resigned Aug. 13, '64, 
 
 disability. 
 Sylvester, D." Nokes, must'd out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 .First Lieutenants. 
 
 David K. Watson, resigned Nov. 19, '64; 
 wounded. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 
 George W. Meaus, mustered (as serg't) Aug. 
 
 26, 1865. 
 M. C. Osborne, promoted 1st Lieut, must'd out 
 
 Aug. 26, 1865.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 185 
 
 Serg ants. 
 
 Philander, Nokes tran«. to V. R. C. Jan. 10,'65. 
 William Shank, musterc I out Aug. 25, 1805. 
 G.-orge Biuks Private, died at Mound Sta- 
 tion 111. Aug. 3, 1864. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Andrew Scott, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, as serg^t. 
 William Green, must'd out Aug. 26, '65, as pv't. 
 Chas. H. Junk, disch'd Mar. 23, '05 ; disability. 
 Henderson, Chapman, mustered out Aug. 20, 
 
 1865, as sergeant; wounds. 
 Cornelius Durbin, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 as private. 
 James W. Dunnivan, died in Tenn., Feb. 23. 
 
 1863. 
 Jacob R. Rabb, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Privities. 
 Arnold, Geo , mus. out Aug. 20, '05, as eorp'l. 
 Arnold, John, trans, to V. R. C, May 31, '04, 
 Anderson, Win. J., must'd out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Beckman, Simon P., disch'd Jan. 8, '04, disby. 
 Bell Marion, mustered out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Bell, Ira, must, out Aug, 26, 18.65, as eorp'l. 
 Brake, Cornelius, mustered out Aug. 11, 1865. 
 Bean, Frederick, mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Creason, Gillpin, died at Mound City, III., Sep. 
 
 15, 1804. 
 Carr, James, R., mus. out Aug. 26, 1805. 
 Chapman, Win., mus. out Aug. 21, 1805. 
 Clifford, Henry H., mus. out Aug,2G, 1865. 
 Davis John, mus. out Aug. 26, 1805. 
 Davis, Hiram, disch'd June 8, 1805, disabiltv. 
 Dodd, Win. H. H., trans, to V. R. C, Oct. 17, 
 
 1864. 
 Dosier, Geo. W , mustered out June 22, 1805, 
 
 wounds. 
 Davis, Joseph V., mus. out July 29, 1865. " 
 Easton, Wellington, died at Kenton, Tenn., 
 
 Dec. 11,1862. 
 Francis, James, died at Clavton, 111., July 21, 
 
 1864. 
 Francis, John, mus. out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Gill, Geo. dis. Feb. 4, 1803, disability. 
 Guy, Geo. W. dis. May 29, 1803, disability. 
 Graham, Irwin, died at Humboldt. Tenn , 
 
 March 2, 1803. 
 Gillenwater, Isaac A. mustered out Aug. 26, 
 
 1805, wounded. 
 Hueston, Wm. G, mustered out July 29, 1SC5. 
 Hudleson, Chas. mus. out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Hudleson, David, tr. to V. R. C, Feb. 11, 1804. 
 Hudleson, Wm., disch'd Mav 19, 18G5,disbly. 
 Hults, Moses D-, died at Montgomery, Ala., 
 
 July 1, 1805, wounds. 
 Hiles, William G., detached at M. O. of Regt. 
 Hogan, John, trans, to V. R. C, May 31, '04. 
 Knight, Francis M., died at Benton, Tenn., 
 
 April 14, 1803. 
 Knight, Daniel B>, died at Mi. Pleasant, 111., 
 
 Oct. 5, 1803. 
 Little, William W., mustered out Aug. 20, 
 
 1805, wounded. 
 Lockey, Abel M., mustered out Aug. 26, 1805, 
 
 wounds. 
 Lilburn, Wm. T., died at La Grange, T., Apr. 
 
 28, 1803. 
 Lowell, Henry L., trans, to V. R. C, May 31, 
 
 1804. 
 Lafferty, Samuel P., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Moses, William E., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 MeKean, Samuel, disch'd Feb. 2, 1804. 
 Miller, Austin, must'd out Aug. 20, '05, eorp'l. 
 M< Daniel James W., disch'd Jan. 15, '03. dis. 
 Marshall, Jas., died at Memphis, Dec. 18, '68. 
 McGlochlin, James, eorp'l, detached at M. O. 
 
 of regiment. 
 Modisett,William, disch'd May 28, 1864, dsblty. 
 McKinney, Middleton, disch'd Aug. 26, 1803, 
 
 disability- 
 Marshall, Joseph, disch'd April 3, '05. dsblty ; 
 
 corporal. 
 
 24 
 
 Nokes Philo, eorp'l, tr. to V. R. C, Jan, 14, 
 
 1864. 
 Nokes, Samuel, died on hospital-boat, May 12, 
 
 1805. 
 Norton, Wm., mustered out July 29, 1865. 
 Osborne, Chas. M., died at Jeffersonville, Ind., 
 
 Jan. 18, 1805, wounds. 
 Parker, Charles, eorp'l, detached at M. O. of 
 
 regiment. 
 Parker, Richard A., must'd out June 22, '05. 
 Rankin, Geo., must'd out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Raymond, Chas., disch'd Oct. 18, 1864, dsblty. 
 Rockwell, Morris C, disch'd Dec. 24, 1862, 
 
 disability, 
 Snow, John W., died in Tenn., Jan. 19, 1803. 
 Stiffv, John, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Shaffer, Charles, eorp'l, died at home, July 15, 
 
 18G4. 
 Stephenson Hugh, must'd out Aug. 18, 1804. 
 Stiffy, Tobias, died at Memphis, April 18, '64. 
 Shaffer, Hiram D., mus. out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Stiffy, Robert L., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 Furlough. 
 Stiffy, George, trans, to V. R. C, Feb. 11, '64. 
 Williams, John, detached at M. 0. of regt. 
 Warcaset, Madison H., mus. out Aug. 26, '65. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Bates, Francis M., killed at Blakely, April 9, 
 
 1805. 
 Barnett, John, mus. out March 12, '03, dsblty. 
 Barnes, Francis H, mus. out Aug. 26, I860. 
 Jones, Griffin, died in rebel prison, Cahawba, 
 
 Ala., Nov. 10, 1861. 
 Lester, John, must'd out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Miller, Joseph, detached at M- O. of regt. 
 Meserer Benj E., mus. June 22, 1865, as lieu. 
 Nokes, Joseph, disch'd March 4, '05, disablty. 
 Smith, James T , must'd Aug. 20, '05, w'nded. 
 Shank, Jacob, must'd out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Bartlett, Edward, must'd out Aug. 20, 1865. 
 Carter, Commodore, miri. out Aug. 20, 1805, 
 
 corporal. 
 Gallaher, James II., mus. out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 Smith, Elijah T., must'd out Aug. 20, 1805. 
 
 9f niter Roll, C omptnf 1'. 
 Privates. 
 Kinman, Wm., must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Love, Thos. S., mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, as 
 corporal. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company O. 
 
 Privates* 
 
 Adevlott, Thomas B., was prisoner; deserted 
 
 'Jan. 15, 1863. 
 Crawford, William H., disch'd Oct. 15, 1862, 
 
 disability. 
 Clark, Harvey L., detached at M- O. of regt. 
 Effirt, Franklin, musi'dout Aug. 20, '65, wnd. 
 Huffman, Casper, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Ishmael, William S., disch'd Oct. 5, '64, dsbty. 
 O'Neal, Jeremiah, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865, 
 
 sergeant. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company I. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Daniel J. Lee, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 Charles M. Ausmus, must'd out Aug. 26, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 Ausmus, James must'd out August 26, 1865. 
 Ballard, Franklin, transfer'd to Co. G; disch'd 
 
 August 5, 1865. 
 Davis, Richard M. J., must'd out Aug. 26, '65, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Wheeler, Henry, disch'd April 18, 1863, dis. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Davis, Abraham, M. O. Aug. 26, '65, vet. rcrt. 
 Jackson, Elijah, M. O , date unknown. 
 York, Henry I., disch'd April 4, 1865, disby. 
 
 One llnndra ,1 and Twentieth Infantry.— 
 Three Years' Service.— Muster Roll, Com- 
 pany D.— Men from Broiru county. 
 
 Recruit. « 
 
 Maginnis, John G, died at Memphis January 
 18, D64. 
 
 One lliiuili.il and Twcnty-Fonrth In- 
 fantry — Three years service. 
 
 Was organized at Camp Butler, 111., 
 September. 1862, by Col. Thomas J. 
 Sloan, and mustered in Sept 10th, by 
 Lieut. DeCourcey. These countieswere 
 represented by a few men, whose names 
 may be seen below. The regiment 
 moved from Camp Butler, October 6th, 
 arriving at Jackson, Tennessee on the 
 9th. It was engaged in the bittlet of 
 Raymond, May 12th, 1863 ; at Jackson, 
 14th ; Champion Hill, 16th, and during 
 the entire siege of Vicksburg, including 
 the charge on the fortifications, May 
 22d., and assault on Fort Hill, June 
 26th. During the latter part of the 
 seige, Brig. Gen. M. D. Leggett, com- 
 manded the Brigade. Brownsville, 
 October 16th and 17th. Won the prize 
 banner, for excellancy in drill, appear- 
 ance and discipline. Was at the siej.e of 
 Spanish Fort, March 29th, 1865, until 
 the surrender of the Fort. Was mu - 
 tered out August 15th, 1865, by Capt. 
 G. W. Hill, U. S. A. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company D.-Men from Schuy- 
 connty. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 William Orwig, serg't tr. to V. R. C, Sept. 
 3, 1863. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Connor Thomas, m:ist'd out August 15, 1865, 
 
 as corporal. 
 Causey, James M., died at Jackson, T-, Nov. 
 
 6," 1802. 
 Johnson, John, must'd out August 15 (869. 
 Roper, Jacob, died June 29, 1863, wounds. 
 Warn!/., Jacob, must'd out Aug. 15, 18G5, as 
 
 corporal. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Bloomshire, Nicholas, disch'd June 8, 1865. 
 Duncan, Joseph, trans, to 33 III. ; M. O. Nov 
 
 24. 1805. 
 McCollough, Hugh, trans, to 33 111. ; M. O- 
 
 Nov. 24, 1805. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company K. 
 
 Privates. 
 Baker, Abraham, disch'd Nov. 8, 1863, disbty 
 
 Muster Roll.Company D.— Men from Brown 
 county. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Pitman, Henry C. trans, to 33 111.; disch'd 
 October 15, 1865, disability.
 
 18G 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 One 1 1 n n.l i . .1 and Twenty- Seventh In- 
 fautrr.— Three Year* Service. — Mu»ter 
 Roll Company II. 
 
 , Private from Schuyler County. 
 
 Rice. William B.. died at Chickasaw Spring?, 
 Miss., June SO, 1863. 
 
 One Hundred and Twenty- Ninth Infantry 
 — Three Tear* Service. — Muster Roll, 
 Company I 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Reynolds, Andrew J., trans, to Co. D, 16 111. ; 
 ' M. O. July 8, 1865. 
 
 One Hundred and Thirty-First Infantry. 
 —Three Tears Service. — Muster Roll 
 Company A. — Men from Schuyler 
 county. 
 
 First Lieutenant. • 
 
 Thomas N. Stephens, died. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 Samuel B. McAfee, tr. to Co. A, consolidated. 
 
 One Hundred and Thirty-fiifth Infantry. 
 lOO Days Service.— Muster Roll Com- 
 pany P.— Men from Brown county. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 Moses Lyttaker, mustered out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 
 Corporal. 
 
 William File, mustered out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Andrup, Frederick, must'd rut Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Brows, The*. M., nn:st'd out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Ciaig, Joseth J. must'd out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Craig, John A., must'd out Sept. 28. 1864. 
 Gracv Geo. W., mustered out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Hijm'ight, Wm. H., must'd out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 Rathbuine, James, must'd out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 
 ffwi nil " 
 Brown, Mathias, must'd out Sept. 28, 1864. 
 
 One Hundred and Thirty-Seventh Infantry 
 — One hundred days service. 
 
 The above named regiment was or- 
 ganized at Camp Wood, Quincy, III., by 
 Col. John Wood, and mustered in June 
 5th, 1864, for one hundred days June 
 9th, 1864, the regiment left Quincy, and 
 proceeded to Memphis Tennessee, where 
 it was assigned to Fourth Brigade, Dis- 
 trict of Memphis, Col. E. L. Baltwick, 
 Thirty-ninth Wisconsin, commanding. 
 July 9th, was assigned to the Third Bri- 
 gade, Col. John Wood commanding, 
 and was stationed on the Hernando road, 
 on picket duty. The Regiment was 
 mustered out of the U. S. service at 
 Springfield, Illinois, Sept. 24th, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll Company K. — Men from 
 Schuyler countj*. 
 
 Captain. 
 
 Rob*. A. Williams, musi'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 . Luke W. Clark, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. Recruits. 
 
 William H. Ilice, mu.u'd out Sept. 24, 1864. Bumham, Robert, must d out Sept. 21, 1861. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 Albert B. Clark, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864, 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Rice D. Suddoth, must'd out Sept. 24,'I864 
 
 Men from Brown ( 'iiiuirj . \ mH un.- 
 
 sioned StafC 
 
 Abira G. Meacham, must'd out Sept. 21. 1864. 
 William T. Yoe, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 George C. Ray, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Finlev Chandler, must'd out Sept. 21, 1864. 
 John'Price, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Charles Perkins, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Nathan Montgomery, must'd out Sept. 24, '64 
 Joseph Manlove, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 John Tharp, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 George H. Sargeant, must'd out Sept 21, '64. 
 Robert M. Roe, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 I'rivates- 
 
 Black, Biehard, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Beghtol, William, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Bertholp. John A.niusM out^Sept 24, 1865. 
 Berry, William F., musi'd out Sept. 24, 1865. 
 Beaty, Bartley, prisoner of war at muster out 
 
 of regiment 
 Bailey, Josiah F., mn*t'd ont Sept 24. 1S61. 
 Boice, Wesley, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864 
 Bridge water, Joseph N., mt'd out Sept. 24, '64. 
 Bly, Thos., died at Memphis, July 9, 1864. 
 Corbridge, Wm. H., must'd out Sept 24, '61. 
 
 Commissary-Sergeant. 
 George W. Gunn., raus. out Sept 21, 1864. 
 Muster Roll Company A. 
 
 Private, 
 Hersman, John J., mus. out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll Company D. 
 
 Corporai. 
 
 Thomas R. Johnson, mus. oat Sept 24, 1864. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Cox, William M., mus. ont Sept 24. 1864. 
 Dressed, Peter, mus out Sept. 24, 1861. 
 Lippey, David E., mus. out Sept 24, 1864. 
 Nelson, James P , mus. out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 ! Sanford, Alonzo, mus. out Sept 24, 1864. 
 Shultz. David H, mus. out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Walton, John J , mus. out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll Company H. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 Henson, S Vandeventer, mus. out Sept. 24, '64. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Dunn, Jasper, prisoner of war at muster out I _ , . , _ „ ,, _ „, ,„, 
 
 of reeiment ' Frederick D. Crane, must'd out Sept. 24. '64. 
 
 Barton W. Stout, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. , 
 John H. Byms, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Juliu C. Hedenburg, must'd out Sept. 24, '64 
 
 Dunn, Daniel, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Demos, James W., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 DeWitt, Theodore, must'd out May 23, 1865, 
 
 prisoner of war. 
 English John C-, must'd out June 9. 1865. 
 Ellis, Samuel E., musi'd out Sept. 24, 1864 
 Fry, Joel, mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Howe, Wesley W., must? d out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Hand, Joseph, musi'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Hill, John, must'd out Sept 24, 1894. 
 Harrington, Geo. P., must'd out Sept. 24, '64. 
 Ingraham, Oliver W., mt'd out Sept 24, '64. 
 Ingraham. Ira, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Jones, John T., must'd ont Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Jewel, Thomas F., must'd out Sept 24, 1864. 
 Landis, Benjamin, must'd out Sept 24 1864. 
 Mercer, Alfred S., musi'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Mitchell, Francis M., rot't out Sept 24, 1846 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 W. T. Henderson, must'd out Sept 24, 1864. 
 L">mar. Robinson, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 John Marett, must'd out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 Silas Hagerty, must'd out June 9, 1865, pris'r 
 war. 
 
 Prita/es. 
 
 Baker, Noah, must'd out May 30, 1865, prisn'r 
 
 war. 
 Biggs, Thomas, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Brewer, Samuel G., must'd ont Sept. 24. 1864. 
 Briggs, J. K. P., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Crabb, Hugh M , must'd out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 
 McCully. Andrew, musi'd out Sept. 24, 1864. Cum, Robert, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Noble, William, musi'd Out Sept. 24. 1864 
 O'Neal, Daniel, must'd ont Sept 24, 1864. 
 Parrott, Joshua S., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Roberts, John, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Ritchey, John A., must'd out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 Ritchev. John Q., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Riley, Thomas, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Ripetoe, Harrison, mustered out May 23, 1865, 
 
 prisoner of war. 
 Spoonemore, John H., died at Memphis, 
 
 July 30, 1864 
 
 De Witt, George W., absent sick at must'd out 
 
 of regiment 
 Huston, George W:, must'd out May 21, 1865, 
 
 prisoner war. 
 Hedenburg, Josephus, musi'd out May 21, '65, 
 
 prison *r war. 
 Hawk, Jacob, must'd out Sept. 21, 1864. 
 Hill, Jonathan, must'd out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 ; Hix. William C, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Irwin, William D., musi'd out May 21, 1865, 
 
 prisoner war. 
 
 Stewart, ThaddeusS., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864 Johnson. John W., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Smith, Albert, must'd out Sept 24, 1864. Kibby, Nelson, must'd out June 7, 1865, pris'r 
 Savers, Francis M-, must'd out Sept 24, 1864. war. 
 
 Shippey, John A. B., must'd out Sept 24, '64. Lemon, Benjamin F., must'd out Sept. 24, '64. 
 
 Sours, Samuel, must'd ouu Sept. 24, 1S64. 
 
 Schroder, William, must'd out Sept. 24, '64. 
 
 Swain, Amos, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Tolle, Leman A., must'd out Sept. 24, .1864. 
 i Teeples, Geo. W., must'd out Sept 24, 1864. 
 
 Taylor, John, must'd out Sept 24, 1864. 
 , Vanorder, James, musi'd out Sept 24. 1864. 
 
 Vandevere, Edward, must'd out Sept 24, '64. 
 
 Whiltson. AVm. H.. must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Wilhrow, Philip B., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Wright. George T., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Ware, Perrv, must'd ont Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Winco, Richard, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Woods, Marion B., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Milton, Thomas, must'd out Sept. 24. 1864. 
 Martin, John D„ must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 McDaniel, Nathan, died at Memphis, July 3, 
 
 1864. 
 Mapel, John, must'd ont Sept. 24, 1864. 
 McCabe, William H„ must'd out Sept. 24,' 64. 
 Nightsnnger, Hamilton, must'd out Sept. 24, 
 
 1864. 
 Payne, George, rejected for disabilty. 
 Putnam, Benjamin F , must'd out June 3, 
 
 1865, prisoner war. 
 Sides, William, must'd ont Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Turner, Joseph J., must'd out Sept. 24, 1861. 
 Varner, Henry, must'd out Sept. 24, 1864.
 
 HJSTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 187 
 
 Webb, O., ranst'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Waters, James, rejected for disability. 
 Wingt, William, ranst'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 Yaples, Josepli J., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 York, John F., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Ohara, James E., must'd out Sept. 24, 1864. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Mallams, Robert, must'd out Sept. 24,1864. 
 
 One Hundred and Forty-fourth Infantry. 
 — Men from Brown County. — Muster Roll 
 Company II. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Kinney, Josepli, must'd out July 14, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company I. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Smith, George T., must'd out July 14, 1865. 
 
 One Hundred and Forty-seventh Infantry 
 (one year service.)— Men from Brown 
 County. 
 
 Major. 
 
 Frank Clendening, mmt'd out Jan. 21, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. 
 
 Captain. 
 George H. Fay, must'd out Jan. 2 », 1866. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Dod™e, James M., must'd out Jm. 24, 1866. 
 Laibourne, William R., must'd out Jan. 24, 
 
 1866. 
 Morgan, Benjamin, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Pollard, Erastus J., must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 One Hundred and Forty-eighth Infantry 
 (one year service). — Men from Brown 
 County. — Muster Roll Company H. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 James H. Haley, must'd out Sept. 5, 1865, as 
 
 private. 
 Thomas Nolan, must'd out Sept. 5, 1865, as 
 
 private. 
 James T. Anderson, died at Nashville, Tenn., 
 
 April, 1868. 
 William A. Fraud, must'd out Sept, 5, 1865, 
 
 as private. 
 
 Privates. 
 Amen, Francis M., must'd out Sept. 5, 1865. 
 Gudgel, Calvin, must'd out Sept. 5, 1865. 
 Gndgel, William W., must'd out Sept, 5. 1865. 
 Gearheart, Ezra, must'd out Sept. 5, 1865. 
 Galligher, William, must'd out Sept. 5, 1865. 
 Halev, George W., must'd out May 24, 1865. 
 Stephenson, Reuben, must'd out June 13, 1865. 
 Vantassell, Alonzo, must'd out Sept. 6, 1865. 
 
 One Hundred and Forty-ninth Infantry 
 (one-year Service). — Muster Ro'l Com- 
 pany G. — Men from Schuyler County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Byers, John R., must'd out Jan. 27, 1866. 
 Johnson, Finley G, must'd out Jan. 27, 1866. 
 Trader, James, dishonorably must'd out Feb. 
 19, 1866, to date Jan. 27, 1866. 
 
 One Hundred and Forty-ninth Infantry. 
 (One Year's Service.) — Muster Roll Com- 
 pany G.— Men from Brown county. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 John Reid, mustered out Jan. 27, 1866. 
 
 Corporal. 
 
 John W. Shultz, died at Cleveland, Tenn., 
 March 17, 1866. 
 
 Musician. 
 Edward L. Holt, mustered out Jan. 27, 1866. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Dowden, Otho, mustered out Jan, 27, 1866. 
 Fielder, Robert F., deserted July 21, 1865. 
 Fielder, Benjamin, deserted July 21, 1865. 
 Fielder, Jesse, deserted July 2l, 1865. 
 Hersman, John, mustered out Jan. 26, 1866. 
 Terrat, or Terrant, Pat., must'd Jan. 27, '66 as 
 Sergeant. 
 
 One Hundred and Fiftieth Infantry.— (One 
 Hundred days' Service.) — Muster Roll 
 Company I. — Men from Bro wn county. 
 
 Pnvate. 
 Conrad, Nathaniel. 
 
 One Hundred and Fifty-first Infantry —(One 
 Year's Service.) — Muster Roll Company 
 I. — Men from Schuyler county. 
 
 Private. 
 Bair, Jerry, mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 Muster Roll Company K. 
 
 Captain. 
 John Sutton, mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 Samuel Everhard, must'd out Jan. 25, 1866, 
 
 Sergeant. 
 John 0. Woods, mustered out Sept. 27, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 James J. Mason, mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 William B. Jones, mustered out Jan. 25, 1866. 
 James E. Matthews, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bonneer, James, died at Columbia, Ga., Sept. 
 
 12, 1865. 
 Emerson, Harlow, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Hand Joseph, mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Ingraham, Ira mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 King, Edward, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 O'Neal, Daniel, must'd out Jan 24, 1866. 
 Roberts, Charles, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Swain, Amos, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Spear, Bowlin, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Sites, Henry, must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Winters, James B., must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 Woods, Marion B., must'd out Jan. 24, 1866. 
 
 Second Cavalry — (Three Years Service.) 
 Muster Roll Company H.— Men from 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 Captain. 
 
 Josephus B. Venard, must'd out Nov. 22, '65, 
 as Captain Co. E ; as consolidated. 
 
 W 
 
 Second Lieutenants 
 
 William Birdwell, resigned July 5, 1862. 
 Alexander M. Pratberj must'd out (as Serg't), 
 Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 Jesse O. Beale, discharged August 11, 1864. 
 Shobal Chitman, dis. August 11, '64, as Serg't. 
 Clinton L. Bissell, dis. Aug. 11, '64, as Bugler 
 
 Farrier. 
 Samuel Reynolds, discharged Aug. 11, 1863. 
 
 Pi-ivates. 
 Angel, James M-, discharged August 11, 1864. 
 Atkinson, Joseph. 
 
 Berry, Mo c es, dis. Aug. II, 1831, as Sergeant. 
 Bowlin, John, disharged August 11, 1864. 
 Barker, James, vet., tr. to Co. U, con., disch'd, 
 
 June 19, 1865 ; disability. 
 Chitwood, Jas. A. , dis. Aug. 11, '64, as corp'l. 
 Chitwood, John J. dis. Aug. 11, '61, as Serg't. 
 Goree, William. 
 
 Green, Wm. disch'd June 25, '62 ; disability. 
 Gregg, Wm. vet., must'd out June 22, 1865. 
 Hill, John, disch'd Aug. 11, '64, as Sergeant ; 
 
 term expired. 
 Lowry, Ross, disch'd Dec. 28, 1862. 
 Lamaster, John, vet., tr. to Co. E, consol'd ; 
 
 deserted Sep. 1 1, 1865. 
 Montgomery, Jas. discharged August 11, 1864. 
 Melts, John II., vet., tr to Co. E, consolidated, 
 
 deserted Sept. 11, 1865. 
 Muck, Francis M, 
 Quintin, John, diid Sabine Cross Roads, La, 
 
 April 8, 1864; wounds. 
 Quinn, William P. 
 Roberts, William. 
 
 Randall, Peter, discharged August ll, 1864. 
 Sparks, William Riley, disch'd April 28, '62; 
 
 disability. 
 Tyson, Alfred D., discharged Aug. 11, 1864. 
 Vail, Robt. dis. May 15, '64; disability. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Barnaby, Jos"ph P., tr, to Co. E, consol'd raus. 
 out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Frakes, Henry H., tr, to Co. E, Consol'd, must, 
 out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Frakes, Jacob, tr. to Co. E, consol'd, must, out 
 
 Frakes, John K„ tr, to Co. E, consol'd, must, 
 out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Grass, Daniel, tr. to Co. E, consol'd, must, out 
 Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Hill, Edmund B., mustered out June 11. 1865. 
 
 Moriarity, Gilbert, tr. to Co. E, consol'd, ab- 
 sent, sick at muster out of Regiment, 
 
 Owens, Peter, tr. to Co. E, consol'd must, out 
 Nov. 22, 1865, 
 
 Unassigned Recruits. 
 Acres, Locke P, 
 
 Muster Roll Company F. — Men from Brown 
 County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Allen, John T., vet, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865, 
 
 sergeant. . 
 
 Leigh, Amos, veteran, mus. out Nov. 22, 1865, 
 
 sergeant. 
 Parks, George H., corpl, m out Nov. 22, 1865, 
 
 company com. sergeant. 
 Rathburn, W. C, vet, mus out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 White, Samuel, discharged Feby 24, 1864, 
 
 disability. 
 
 Veterans. 
 Knight, Arrod, trto Company A, consolidated 
 
 must'd out Nov. 22, 1865, as corporal. 
 Martin, Francis, tr to Co. A con, mustered out 
 
 Nov. 22, 1865 
 Tuthill, John R. must'd out June 24, 1865, as 
 
 1st sergeant 
 
 Muster Roll Company I. 
 
 Privates. 
 Brooks, Aaron 
 
 Craig, John H, mus'd out Aug 11, 64, as corp'l 
 Listen, Thomas J. vet'n. tr to Co. C as consol'd 
 
 must'd out Nov. 22, 1865 
 Roll, Edwin M. discharged Aug. 14, '63 
 Smith, Rob. I), disch'd March 28, '64, disab'y
 
 188 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Third Cavalry Regiment. 
 
 The Colonel of this regiment was 
 Eugene Can- of the regular army. A 
 portion of company H. from Schuy- 
 ler county and one whole company (G) 
 from Brown county, composed part of it. 
 The regiment was organized at Camp 
 Butler, in August 1861. Its first move- 
 ment was to St. Louis, Sept. 25th, and 
 thence up the Missouri river to Jefferson 
 City, and thence to Warsaw, in the di- 
 rection of Springfield, Mo. Under Gen. 
 Hunter, it reached Rolla, Nov. 19, 
 where it remained till the 29th of Dec. 
 
 1861, when it moved in advance of Gen. 
 Curtis' army for the south-west. On the 
 13th of Feb. 1862, near Springfield, the 
 Third cavalry fought the first engage- 
 ment, and won the first victory of Gen. 
 Curtis' campaign. 
 
 On the 14th of February, 1862, occu- 
 pied Springfield, Mo. On the 15th came 
 up with Gen. Price's retreating army, 
 and took some prisoners. On the 18th, 
 at Sugar creek, Ark., the Third battalion 
 participated in a cavalry charge, rout- 
 ing the enemy. Had various skirmishes 
 and short marches during the summer 
 and fall in Arkansas and west of the 
 Mississippi river, whe», on the 23d Dec. 
 
 1862, it reported to Brig. Gen. Steel, at 
 the mouth of the Yazoo river, formed 
 part of the force, and did good service 
 in the disastrous attack on Vicksburg, 
 Miss., under Gen. Sherman. It was 
 among the last to leave the field and 
 embark on the boats, after the battle. 
 
 The Battalion of which the regiment 
 formed a part, under Col. McCrillis, of 
 Springfield Ills., took part in the West- 
 ern Louisiana campaign under Gen. 
 Banks. In Dec. 1864, Major O'Conner, 
 ofPana,took command of the Battalion, 
 and it moved to Port Hudson, and from 
 thence to Memphis, Tenn., rejoining the 
 regiment, which had been separated into 
 three divisions. In the month of July, 
 a large portion of the regiment re-enlisted 
 as veterans. The non-veterans, under 
 Major O'Conner, were stationed as gar- 
 rison at Germantown Tenn. On the 
 21st of August, the regiment parti- 
 cipated in the repulse of Gen. Forrest, 
 in his attack on Memphis. On the 24th 
 of August, 1864, the non-veterans hav- 
 ing been mustered out, the veterans were 
 consolidated into a Battalion of six com- 
 panies. 
 
 Master Roll Company G. 
 
 Captain. 
 
 The Battalion operated below and 
 
 around Nashville, and took part in the . 
 
 , , . . n ' ,, -Tv James B. Moore, resigned April 8. 1862. 
 
 battles with Gen. Hood s army in Dec. Enos P. MePhail, killed at Vkksburg, May 
 
 1«64. Tn M«v. Iftnft if PmhnrVwl fnr 22,1863. 
 
 In May, 1865, it embarked for 
 St. Louis, Mo., tbence to St. Paul, Min- 
 
 Samuel S- Merritt, term ex. Sept. 5, 1864, 
 First Lieutenant 
 
 nesota, reporting to Major Gen. Curtis. ! 
 On the 4th of July, 1865, it was ordered Charles N .Clark resigned March 16. ;63. 
 ' . . . Pleasant H. Kerley, term ex Sept. a, 64. 
 
 on an Indian expedition over the plains 
 
 of Minnesota and Dakota, north to the ! Smmd Lie >*™> n '*- 
 
 British lines, and then returned to Fort <££ %$£££$£ ^ ^ 
 Snelling, Oct. 1st, arriving at Spring- Sanford J. Baker must'd out as sergeant, July 
 field, Illinois, Oct 13th, 1865, and was 10, 1863 ' 
 
 mustered out of service. Such are some Sergeants. 
 
 of the leading movements of the Third i J»>^ W- Thomas disch'd Mar. 25, 62, disab 
 _ , _ ■ . ,., , JnoM kirkpatnck, killed at Pea Ridge, Ark. 
 
 March 7, 1862. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 ' Edmund Terril, disch'd Mav 20, 62, disability. 
 Third Cavalry- Three Years 8ervicc-Hu»- John p_ Alexander, must'd'out Sept. 5, 1864. 
 ter Roll Company H.-Mm from Sthiiy- j amea Snields> d ied at St. Louis, Oct. 20, '62. 
 ler County. Geo w . Graves, must'd out Sept. 5. 1864. 
 
 Lewis Rettig must'd out Sept. 5, 1S64. 
 Milton F. Davis, died at Mt Pleasant, August 
 
 20, 1863. 
 Samuel Stabler, disch'd May 13, '63, disability 
 James Bond, disch'd April 18, '62, disability. 
 
 Cavalry Regiment, in which these men 
 largely participated. 
 
 .First Lieutenant. 
 
 George H. Horton tr., to Co. B. Consolidated. 
 Resigned May 22, 1861. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 John H. Reed Discharged. 
 
 Privates 
 
 Bradjev, John W. vet, tr., to Co. B consl*d. 
 
 in.' o. Oct 10, 1865. 
 Beretter, John, Mustered out Sept. 5. 1864. 
 Bradley Thomas H. mustered out Sept 5, 1864 
 Bixby, Henry C. 
 Bollman, William C. vet, tr., to Co. B con- 
 
 Rol'd. m. o. Oct. 10, '65 as Sergt. 
 Edwards, William B. Died Helena, Ark., Aug., 
 
 28, 1862. 
 Geer, Sidney A. vet, tr., to Co. Bconsol'd. m. 
 
 o. Oct. 10, '65 as Corpl. 
 Gossage, Andrew J. vet. tr., to Co B consol'd. 
 
 absent at m. o. of Regt 
 Kingrev William H. vet., tr., to Co. B consl'd. 
 
 Pro. Segt. the 2d. Lieut, m. o. Oct. 10, 1865 
 Onion, William T. 
 
 Rucker, Eli mustered out Sept. 5, 1861. 
 Shaw, Liberty deserted Feb. 10, 1862. 
 j Williams, Walter vet. tr., to Co. B consol'd. 
 
 deserted June 6,_'65. 
 
 Buglers. 
 
 Jcseph A.Boct mus. out Sept. 5, (ilasco. q.m 
 
 sergeant. 
 Thomas Post died at St Louis, Dec. 1, '61. 
 
 Farrier. 
 
 James Hazelett, dis. April 18, 1862, disability. 
 
 Blacksmith. 
 
 Edward Divinna, died near Rolla, Mo, Nov. 
 19, 1861. 
 
 Saddler. 
 Alerack R. Thompson, mus. out Sept. 5, 1864, 
 
 Wagoner. 
 James T. Ross, disch. April 18, '62, disability: 
 
 Privates. 
 Alstrott, John, mus d out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Anderson, J. M, disch. Dec. 27, '61, disability. 
 Burgesser, Allen, disch. Jan. 29, '63, disability 
 Bennett, Henry, disch. Dec. 27, '61, disability. 
 
 Byrns, Urban L, died at Rolla, Mo., Dec. 25. 
 
 ' _ „, Bodenhimer, John P, '61, wounds. 
 
 Chapman, W llliam tr., to Co., B consol'd. m. Bratton, James mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 
 o. Oct. 10, I860. 1 Bean, Levi, m o Sep. 5, '64, as co. com. serg'nt 
 
 Chapman John C, tr, to Co., B consol d. m. o. : Bovinger, John, died at Mount Sterling, 111, 
 
 Oct. 9, '62. 
 - Brokan. Ephraira, must'd out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Cameron, August, must'd out Sept 5, '64. 
 
 Oct. 10, 1865. 
 Edwards, Charles X. tr. to Co, B conslo'd. m. o. 
 
 Oct. 10, 1865. 
 Justus^ John A. tr, to Co, B consol'd. m. o.Oct ! CoanVHenrVoT rous?d"out Sept 57''64 
 Di.li- j u ixr . , n -a ,.j I Cobs. Jacob,' disch'd Dee. 27, '61, disability 
 
 Phillips, Asheal M, tr, to Co, B consol d. m. . Co U Uer, John, musfd out Sept 5, '64. 
 
 o. Oct. 10, I860. 
 Talbott, Isaiah, tr. to Co, B consol'd. m. o. Oct 
 
 10. 1865. 
 
 Men from Brown county. 
 
 First Assistant Surgeon, 
 Charles N. Irwin, term exp Sept 5, 1S64. 
 
 Noncommissioned Staff. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant. 
 
 Levi Leavit, mustd out Sept. 5, '64, term exp. 
 
 Muster Roll- Company P. 
 
 Becruits. 
 Hersman, Joseph, mus'd out Sept. 5, 1864. 
 
 Coss, Theodore, di.-c April 10, '63. disability. 
 Cranston, James, killed at Pea Ridge, Ark, 
 
 Mar. 7, '62. 
 Cougenower, Henry N, disch'd May 17, 1862, 
 
 disability. 
 De Witt, Clinton, died at Rol!a,Mo., must out 
 
 Dec. 31. '61. 
 Davis, Washington W T , must, out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Davis, Elisha, mustd out September 5, '64. 
 Dunn, William A., m istered out Sept 5, '64. 
 Fay, Patrick, mu.-tered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Frank, Xoah, died at Wa)nesvil!e, Mo, Janv 
 
 21, 1863 
 Falkner. John P, disch. Dec 27, 61, disability. 
 Goliher, Harvev, disch. Aug. 19, 62, disabiliiv 
 Hartsell, J, died at Helena, Ark, Sept 20, 1862
 
 'HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 189 
 
 Hays, Hiram C, disch. April 13, 1862, diasaby. 
 Hartnion, Dan'l T., disch. Apr. 18, '62; disb'y. 
 Henry, Levi, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Hazelett, Jacob, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Hinman. Joseph, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Irwin, John, disch. June 9, '62; disability. 
 Keller, George, disch. May 30, '62; disability. 
 Leeper, John, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Lackey, Charles T., died at Helena, Ark., Sept. 
 
 11, '62. 
 Means, John E., mustered out Sept. 5, '64, as 
 
 1st sergeant. 
 Moore, Joseph A., disch. Mar. 7, '63; disbl'ty. 
 McCoy, Chas. II., mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Miller, John M., mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 McPhail, Archibald, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Myers, George, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 McClintock, Thomas, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Maher, James, died near Jackson, Miss., July 
 
 10, '63. 
 McCherchy, Marvin, died at St. Louis, Nov. 
 
 18, '61. 
 Nokes, Alvin, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Night, Peny, disch. April 18, '62; disability. 
 Nokes, Mvron, mustered out Sept. 5, '64. 
 Pilcher, j'as. L, disch. Aug. 30, '62; disabl'ty. 
 Porter, Alonzo, m. o. Sept. 5, '64. 
 Putman, Jas., died at St. Louis, Nov. 29, '61. 
 Peters, Alexander, died at Holla, Mo., Jan. 27, 
 
 '62. 
 Schenck, Darwin M., mo. Sept. 5, '64 ; assg't. 
 Shields, John T., disch. Jan. 5, '63 ; disability. 
 Smith, Alex. M-, killed at Port Hudson, La., 
 
 April 8. '64. 
 Strotiier, French, disch. April 18, '62; disabl'ty. 
 Sirother, John, m. o. Sept. 5, '64.' 
 Simpson, John, m. o, Sept. 5, '64. 
 Schall, Israel P., died at Port Hudson, La., 
 
 April 28, '64. 
 Simpson, Geo. VV., disch. Jan. 7, '62 ; disabl'ty. 
 Scroggan, Walter, disch. Dec. 23, '61. 
 Stinson, Jas. W., tr. to V. R. C, Sept. 1, '63. 
 Thomas, Samuel, died at Helena, Ark., Aug. 
 
 16, '62. 
 Thorougliman, Albert, in. o Sept. 5, '64. 
 Tallman, Jas., m. o. Sept. R, '64. 
 Windram, Jas., died at Mound Station, 111., 
 
 Oct. 20, "62. 
 Williams, Thomas, m. o. Sept. 5, '64. 
 William, Noble, died at Rolla. Mo., Nov. 3, '61. 
 Wheatly, John, tfi. o. Sept. 5, '64. 
 Williams, Stephen, disch. Jan. 7, '62; disabl'ty. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Baird, John F., disch. April 1, '64, and com- 
 missioned in colored regiment. 
 
 Carter, Alonzo, m. o. June 14, '65. 
 
 De Witt, Fernando, m. o. May 21, '65. 
 
 East, William J„ m. o. Julv 8, to date May 
 3C, '65. 
 
 Ellis, George D., deserted Mar. 13, '63. 
 
 Myers, Jacob, m. o. May 21, '65. 
 
 Putman, Simon, pro. 2d lieut., Co. C, consoli- 
 dated. 
 
 Seybold, Gates D., disch. Mar. 3, '63; disabl'ty. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company H. 
 
 Privates. 
 Cleaves, Martin. 
 
 I ii it -.1:; in il Recruits to Third Cavalry Con- 
 solidated. 
 
 Gilmore, Henry. 
 
 Sixth Cavalry Regiment — Three Years Ser- 
 vice—Muster Roll, Company A.— Men 
 from Brown County. 
 
 Private. 
 
 De Witt, James, vet., m. o. Nov. 5, '65, as pv't 
 
 Veterans — Sergeant. 
 
 Claylon, Baker, m. o. Nov, 5, '65, as private. 
 
 Seventh Cavalry. — Three Years' Service. — 
 Muster Roll, Company K.— Men from 
 Schuyler County.; 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Cook, Isaac, m. o. Nov. 4, '65. 
 
 Lamb, William D., m. o. Nov. 4, '65. 
 
 Lamb, Charles, m. o. Nov. 4, '65. 
 
 Lake, Thomas D., m. o. Nov. 4, '65. 
 
 Miller, Henry, died at East Port, Miss., Mav 
 
 24, '65. 
 Nichols, Luzerne, rnajO. Nov. 22. '65. 
 Risley, Samuel, m. o. Nov. 22, '65. 
 Vandervort, Freight, m. o. Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company F. 
 
 ReCTUlt. 
 
 Mitchell, Charles W, m. o. Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 Seventh Cavalry— Three Years' Service. — 
 Muster Roll Company B. — Men from 
 Brown County. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Bennett. Chas. II., disch. July 20, 1862; dis'y. 
 Crampton, Martin, died at Mound City, 111. 
 Campbell, George W., m. o. Apr. 25, '65, corp'l ; 
 
 prisoner war. 
 Fraker, John W., vet., m. o. Nov. 4, 1865. ' 
 Lockhart, Joseph C, m. o. Oct. 15, 1864, as 
 
 sergeant. 
 Moulding, John, vet., absent sick at m. o. of 
 
 regiment. 
 Noble, Charles B., tr.to V. R. C. Feb. 15, '64. 
 O'Kane, Joseph, pro. 1st serg^, then 2d lieut. 
 Robinson, Isaac E.. m. o. Cvt. 15, 1864. 
 Thorpe, Andrew, died at Big Springs, Miss, 
 
 June 28, 1862. 
 Van Epps, Austin IL, vet., pro. serg't, then 2d 
 
 lieutenant. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Barton, William N., died at East Port, Miss., 
 
 May 4, 1865. 
 Cady, Samuel P., vet., m. o. Nov. 4, 1865. 
 Dyer, Edgar A., disch. for wounds received 
 
 Mar. 28, 1863. 
 Dorman, Christian, disch. for wounds received 
 
 Nov. 5, 1862. 
 Johnson, James H., vet., m. o. N-jv. 4, 1865. 
 Johnson, James, killed by guerillas at Town 
 
 Creek, Ala., Aug. 20, 1862. 
 McCaulev, Patrick, m. o. Nov. 4, 1864. 
 Smith, David, deserted July 22, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company H. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Fordick, Lewis B., m. o, Nov. 4, 1865. 
 Mealy, Fred. F., m. o. Nov. 4 1865. 
 Horton, Retzemond, m. o. Sept. 23, 1865. 
 Jenkins, James H., m. o. Sept. 23, 1865. 
 Rogers, Geo. A., m. o. Sept. 23, 1865. 
 Smith, Garland T., ui. o. Sept. 23, 1865, 
 
 Muster Roll Company K.— Men from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Carnahan, David, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Three Years Service. 
 
 of cavalry was organ- 
 es, 111., in September, 
 
 F.Farns worth, and 
 September 18, 1861. 
 
 regiment moved to 
 and camped at Meri- 
 17th. June 26th, six 
 
 Eighth Cavalry 
 
 This regiment 
 ized at St. Charl 
 18-31, by Col. J 
 was mustered in 
 Octiber 13, the 
 Washington city, 
 dian Hill, on the 
 
 companies of the regiment met the ad- 
 vance of the enemy, under Jackson, at 
 Mechanicsville, and held it in check un- 
 til three o'clock in the afternoon, when 
 their line was driven back to the in- 
 fantry lines. At Malvern Hill, and 
 Gaines' Hill, the regiment covered the 
 rear of the enemy, continually skirmish- 
 ing with his cavalry. It led the advance 
 to the second occupation of Malvern 
 Hills, and with Benson's Battery (United 
 States Artillery) bore the blunt of the 
 fight. August 4, 1862, crossed into 
 Maryland, and was engaged at Pools- 
 ville; captured the colors of the 12th 
 Virginia (rebel) cavalry, at Monocacy 
 Church. Captured twenty prisoners 
 at Barnesville; was engaged at Sugar 
 Loaf Mountain, Middletown, and South 
 Mountain, and at Boonesboro ; capturing 
 2 guns, killing and wounding 67 men, 
 and taking 200 prisoners ; participated 
 in the battle of Antietam, Oct. 1st, had 
 a severe fight with the enemy, during a 
 reconnoisance, to Martinsburg; moved 
 in-advance of the army of the Potomac, 
 and was engaged with the enemy's cav- 
 alry at Philemonte, Uniontown, Upper- 
 ville, Barbee's Cross-roads, Little Wash- 
 ington, and Amesville, arriving at Fal- 
 mouth, Nov. 23d, 1862. In the battle 
 of Fredericksburg, Dec. 13th, 1862, the 
 two squadrons were in the city till its 
 evacuation. Loss, up to this time, 27 
 killed, 71 wounded, and 20 missing. 
 During the campaign of 1863, the regi- 
 ment was in many battles and skirmishes, 
 losing 23 killed, 116 wounded, and 37 
 missing. The regiment was mustered 
 out of service at Benton Barracks Mo., 
 July 17, 1865, and ordered to Chicago 
 for final payment and discharge. The 
 following men enlisted from Brown 
 county in this regiment : 
 
 Mnster Roll Company C. 
 
 Captains. 
 
 Daniel D. Lincoln, term expired Dec. 5, 1864. 
 Portus J. Kennedy, m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Chas. H. Henshaw, vet., m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Cady, Wm. W., m. o. May 20, 1862 : pris. war 
 Davis, Newman J., ditd at Alexandria, Va. 
 
 Feb. 19, 1862. 
 Hawes, Albert D., vet., m. o. July 17, 1865, as 
 
 corporal. 
 Heaton, Alfred, disch. Sept. 1862. 
 Hoag, Simon V., vet., in. o. July 17, 1865.
 
 190 
 
 EISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Johnston, Wni. J., vet., m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Lincoln, Lucius A. 
 
 McCHntock. Hiram B.. vet., ra.o . July 17, '65. 
 
 Marshall, Homer H, disch. Mar. 9, 1862. 
 
 McCarthy, Michael, deserted. 
 
 McGuire, John, tr. to Co. L ; killed near Reed- 
 town, Va., Oct. 10, 1864. 
 
 McCrea, Alfred B., vet., m. o. July 17, '65, as 
 sergeant. 
 
 Patterson, Joshua, vet., m. o. July 17, 1865. 
 
 Pratt, Lyman, vet., m. o. July 17, 1865, as 
 corporal. 
 
 Svinonds, Robert, tr. to V. R. C. Jan. 5, 1864. 
 
 St. Clair, Hassor, vet., deserted Feb. 28, 1865. 
 
 Stevenson, William H, vet., must'd out July 
 17, 1865. 
 
 The Battalion participated on this 
 march in the engagement at, Cache 
 River, where Gen. Rusk's rebel force 
 undertook to stop the advance of Cur 
 tis. After reaching Helena, the Battal- 
 ion were on constant duty scouting and 
 doing picket duty, taking part in three 
 raids in Mississippi under Gen. Wash- 
 burn. Col. Conrad Baker and Col. Lip- 
 pincott were on the first expedition 
 against Arkansas Post. About the 1st 
 
 Troop, Joseph Allen, vet., must'd out July 17, of May, 1863, were ordered to join Gen 
 
 Grant's army at Milliken's Bend, La., 
 and were left at this place to do patrol 
 duty while the army moved around 
 Vicksburg, were in two fights at Rich- 
 mond, La., and at the engagement at 
 Milliken's Bend, June 10th. June 16th 
 moved to Young's Point, and was used 
 there for scouting purposes to watch the 
 movements of Gen. Dick Taylor's army. 
 After the surrender of Vicksburg, was 
 ordered to join the regiment via Helena, 
 Ark. The 1st and 2d Battalion during 
 this time were doing hard duty in the 
 Southwest, fighting guerilla bands that 
 infested that country ; they took a prom- 
 inent part in the battle of Prairie Grove. 
 
 1865, as sergeant. 
 Wilson, James E., died at New York City ! 
 
 Sept., 18d2. 
 Woodruff, Winfield W. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Clendenin, Frank, trans, from Co. A, 2d Car., 
 
 must'd out Oct 14, 1862. 
 Carter, James, must'd out July 17, 1865. 
 Heaton, Lucius R., must'd out Julv 17, 1865. 
 Heaton, J. W., died Giesboro' Pt. t>. G, April 
 
 27, 1864. 
 Miller, Hiram H., vet., must'd out July 17, '65. 
 Pratt, William D. 
 
 Muster Roll Company C. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Erkison, John, died at White Plains Va., Nov. 
 
 1, 1864, accidental wounds. 
 Walsh, Nicholas, must'd out July 17, 1865. 
 
 Tenth Cavalry.— Three Tears service. 
 
 Was organized November 25th, 1861, Col. Wickersham commanded the Ca- 
 at Clear Lake near Springfield. James valry forces in this engagement. The 
 A. Barrett was its first Colont 1, who re- Regiments were united while on the 
 signed (for the good of the service) May march from Southeast Mo. to Little 
 15th, 1862, and the same day Col. Dud- Rock, and took part in the different en- 
 ley Wickersham was appointed Colonel gagement in this campaign under Gens, 
 of the Regiment. On the 20th Dec. Steel and Davidson, and at the final 
 1861, it moved to Quincy, 111., where it capture of Little Rock. In Dec. 1863 
 remained doing picket duty at bridges about 500, nearly all of the Regiment, 
 and block houses on the Hannibal and took advantage of the government's 
 St. Joe R. R. for about six weeks, then proposition to re-enlist as Veterans, and 
 moved to Benton Barracks, from there came home on thirty days' furlough. At 
 to Rolla, Mo., thence to Springfield, Mo. expiration of furlough were ■ sent to 
 To follow this regiment on its line of Nashville, Tenn., to form part of the 
 march, from this time until January 1st, j army of the Cumberland, but soon after 
 1866, when it landed within two miles arriving there they were ordered to 
 of its starting place, would be difficult Little Rock, where they were joined by 
 work. The track of this regiment \ the non-veterans and recruits. From 
 crosses every township in Southwest this time until January, 1865, they were 
 Missouri, from one to five times. About on constant duty," marching, scouting, 
 the 1st of June, 1862, the first Battal fighting Price's, Marmaduke's ana Shel- 
 ion and 2d AVUconsin Cavalry, Gen. C, by's rebels. Jan. 18G5, the 10th was 
 C. Washburn commanding, were ordered consolidated into nine companies, and 
 to join Gen. Curtis' army on White j the 15th Cavalry into three companies. 
 River. After a hard march and some ! and all reorganized into the 10th 111. 
 fighting with the rebel forces under j Veteran Vol. Ca v., Col. James Stuart 
 McBride and Jackman, they reached commanding. Feb. 1865, was ordered 
 Curtis' army at Jacks mport, Ark , on the to the Mississippi River and to New 
 4th of July, and started next day on Orleans, from thence to Mobile, but 
 the march to the Mississippi River, j owing to lack of transports only a part 
 
 of the Regiment went to Mobile. The 
 Regiment was in New Orleans when the 
 news of the death of President Lincoln 
 was received. The prompt and energetic 
 action of the Regiment undoubtedly 
 saved the city from a scene of bloodshed 
 and confusion, and won from the Gener- 
 al commanding a flattering compliment 
 in General Orders. In the attempt of 
 the Rebel Ram Webb to run the block- 
 ade she was recognized by a member 
 of the Regiment, and the authorities 
 notified of her character. She was 
 blown up thirty-five miles below the 
 city. The entire crew except a few 
 were captured by companies D and 
 G. June 1st | were ordered up River 
 and landed at Shreveport, Louisiana. Co. 
 D was detached here and sent to 
 Marshall, Texas with the 8th 111. Infan- 
 try, and done duty gathering up Rebel 
 arms, until they were ordered to re-join 
 the Regiment who were then on the 
 march from Red River to the Rio 
 Grande under the command of Gens. 
 Merritt and Custer. They reached San 
 Antonio in August, and from there 
 several extended trips were made to the 
 mountains North and West, ostensibly 
 after Indians, but really to accustom the 
 inhabitants to blue coats. The order to 
 muster out was received and executed 
 Nov. 22, 1865, were then ordered to 
 Springfield, 111. (by way of the Gulf,) 
 for final pay and discharge. On the 
 way from Galveston to New Orleans they 
 were put on an unseaworthy vessel in 
 company with the 2d 111. Cav. and came 
 near being shipwrecked, were caught in 
 storm, and after drifting for two days 
 and nights were towed back to Galves- 
 ton, and reloaded on another vessel. 
 They arrived at Camp Butler, January 
 1st, 1866, in a blinding snow storm, the 
 men were poorly clad, having just come 
 from a warm climate, they suffered ter- 
 ribly. They received their final pay and 
 discharge January 6th, 1865. 
 
 The following are the soldiers from 
 Schuyler and Brown counties, who were 
 members of this Regiment. 
 
 Master Roll Company]!. — Men from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Frakes, Robert, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll Company K. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Corbri.Ige, W. II. II., disch. Dec. 27, 1S62, 
 disability.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 191 
 
 Herbert, Francis M., nitist'd out Oct. 22, 18C5 
 Scanland, Sidney B., nmst'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 William, Wilson, deserted Sept., 1862. 
 
 Master Roll Company M. 
 Private. 
 Curry, John W., died at Pilot Knob, Mo., 
 June 2, 1863. 
 
 Men from Brown Comity. 
 
 Major. 
 David H. Wilson, resigned (as Captain) Bee. 
 . 2, 1864. 
 
 Non-Commlgsloned Staff. 
 
 Sergeant Major. 
 Charles G. Robinson, disch. July, 1862 dis'h'ty 
 James V. Campbell, must'd out Nov. 5, 1£62. 
 
 Quarter -Master Sergeants. 
 
 Franklin L<ster, died at Benton Barrack, Mo., 
 
 March, 1862. 
 Oliver Kadley, disch. Nov. 5, 1862. 
 
 Hospital Steward. 
 Jefferson Easley, disch. April, 1862, disability. 
 
 Veterinary Surgeon. 
 Calvin G. Woods, must'd out Nov. 5, 1862. 
 
 Mnster Roll Company K. 
 
 Captains. 
 Cavil K. Wilson, resigned Feb. 23, 1863. 
 David H. Wilson, promoted Major. 
 George W. Curry, see Company D. as re- 
 organized. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 David H. Wilson, promoted. 
 George W. Curry, promoted. 
 Benjamin F. Hatcher, resigned (as 2d Lieut.) 
 Dec. 9, 1864. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 George W. Curry, promoted. 
 Benjamin F. Hatcher, promoted. 
 William II. Summy, see Co. D. as re-organized. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 
 B. F. Hatcher, promoted 2d Lieutenant. 
 
 Quarter-Matter Sergeant. 
 Oliver Kadley, promoted Reg. Q. M. Sergt. 
 Sergeants. 
 
 C. G. Robinson, promoted Sergeant Major. 
 Isaiah Pelsor, vet., see Co. D. as re-organized. 
 William A. Hines. 
 William Massie, disch. Dec. 24, '62, disability. 
 
 Corporals. . 
 William H. Summy, promoted, see Co. D. as 
 
 re-organized. 
 James M. Bates, disch. May, 1862 disability. 
 John J. Tapp, vet., see Co. D. as re-organized. 
 Washington Brockman, trans, to invalid corps. 
 Daniel Barker, disch. Nov. 12, 1862, wounds. 
 John W. Byram.disch. Nov. 12, 1862, disability 
 Patrick Brady, vet., see Co. D. as re-organized- 
 William H. Crawfoid, dkd at St. Louis, June 
 
 28, 1863. 
 
 Farrier. 
 John W. Fry, disch. May, 1862, disability. 
 
 Blacksmith. 
 Calvin A. Wood, promoted Veterinary Surg. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 A usmus, Andrew J., died St. Louis, March '63. 
 Allen, Julius D., drowned en route to Vicks- 
 burg, April 30, 1863. 
 
 Ausmus, John, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Biddle, Henry, disch'd July, 1862, as saddler ; 
 disability. 
 
 Barlow, Joseph W., re enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 re-organized. 
 
 Bell, John, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Bolger, Michael, disch'd Mar. 1862; disability. 
 
 Bradbury, James T., re-enlisted; see Co. D, 
 as reorganized. 
 
 Cook, Jacob A., disch'd Aug. 1862; disability. 
 
 Cochran, Joseph, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Champ, James M., re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 re-organized. 
 
 Conner, Owen, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Campbell, James V., promoted serg't major. 
 
 Dunn, Joseph, re-enlisted ; died Mt. Sterling, 
 111., March 31, 1864. 
 
 Easley, Jefferson, promoted hospital steward. 
 
 Elliott, William, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Greenwell, William M , re enlisted ; see Co. 
 D, as reorganized. 
 
 Gregg, Samuel, deserted April, 1862. 
 
 Hurley, Arthur, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Hodlin, Ambrose, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Hamilton, James, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Klepper, Daniel, died Young's Point, La., 
 June 17, 1863. 
 
 Kendrick, John R., disch'd Feb. 21, 1863 ; 
 disability. 
 
 Kindred, James T., re-enlisted; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Lester, Frank, prom, regt, quartermaster sergt. 
 
 Lisinbee, Andrew J., dis. Sept. '62; disb'lty. 
 
 Meter, Louis, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 McNeal, William, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Mallonee, David, died at Memphis Nov. 30, 
 1863. 
 
 Mondy, John, see Co. D as reorganized. 
 
 Murphy, Michael, re-enlisttd ; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Price, George, dierTSt Louis Nov. 1, 1862. 
 
 Putman, George, died Mt. Sterling, 111., Jan. 
 10, 1862. 
 
 Putman, Milton, disch'd Nov. 6, '62disbl'ty. 
 
 Quinn, Josiah, disrbarged March, 1862. 
 
 Rouch, John, disch'd Jan. 5, 1863; disability . 
 
 Robertson, Charles VV-, must'd out Dec. 30, '64. 
 
 Rule, William G-, re-enlisted; see Co. I, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Ross, Jerome, promoted 1st lieut. Co. B, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Smith, Robert, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Stover, John, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Smith, Henry, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Stover, Jas. II., disch'd May, 1862; disability. 
 
 Shay, James, drowned in White river, Jan. 
 19, 1864; veteran. 
 
 Stone. George E.. died at Little Rock, Ark., 
 
 Nov. 14, 1863. 
 Taylor, Josiah, disch'd Dec. 1862 ; disability. 
 Townsend, William, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 
 reorganized. 
 Tinnen. James R., died St. Louis Nov. 1862. 
 Truax, Henry, re-enlisted; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 Whitesides, Charles C, disch'd April 5, 1862, 
 
 disability. 
 Waugh, Franklin, died at Paducah, Ky., Sept. 
 
 15, 1863, 
 Wilson, John, died Versailles, 111., Ap. 1, '62. 
 Wood, James A., re-enlisted; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Waugh, Charles R„ re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Walker, Anderson, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 organized. 
 
 Recruits. 
 
 Brown, James T., re enlisted ; see Co. D, as 
 reorganized. 
 
 Brick, Martin, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized, 
 
 Champ, William, died at Helena, Ark. Feb. 
 6, 1863. 
 
 Cheneweth, John, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Eskew, Virgill, killed at Richmond, La., June 
 6, 1863. 
 
 Easton, Lucian, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Friend, John, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Gearhart, Mordecai, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Guinn, Joseph B., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Harris, William, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Houston, Samuel L. see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Hamilton, Alex., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Howell, Israel H., died at Little Rock, Ark., 
 Sept. 11, 1864. 
 
 Imler, Joseph, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Jaques, Nf phe, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Kerrigan, Peter, re enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Leverton, Elisha, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Lawson. David T., see Co. D* as reorganized. 
 
 Meats, William, see Co D, as reorganized. 
 
 Murphy, Jeremiah, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Newell, James P., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Northern, Casper, disch'd Dec. '62 ; disb'lty. 
 
 Nighswonger, James L., died Memphis, Oct. 
 1863. 
 
 O'Neil, J. William, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Patton, Tbos., disch'd, March 1862; disb'lty. 
 
 Thomas, Phillip, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Patten, Luther, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Radley, Oliver, re-enlisted ; see Co. D, as re- 
 organized. 
 
 Sturdevant, George II., promoted ; see Co. D, 
 as reorganized. 
 
 Sturdevant, James E., re-enlisted ; see Co. D 
 as reorganized. 
 
 Scanland, Sidney W., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Stoner, James H., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Sturdevant, Sol. R., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Surratt, Stephen H., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Stinson, James H, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Thompson, W. H., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Wilson, Alfred M., see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Warden, Robert, see Co. D, as reorganized. 
 
 Tenth (Reorganized) Cavalry Regiment. 
 Non-commlssloned Staff. 
 
 Commissary Sergeant. 
 
 Oliver Radley, mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Muater Roll Company II. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 
 Jerome Ross, hon., disch'd Sept 20, 1865. 
 
 JMtiater Rol, Company C. 
 
 Angel, David, mustered out Nov. 22. 1865. 
 Currv, James A., 1st serg't, must'd out Nov. 22, 
 
 1865. 
 Currv, James, com. serg't, mus'd out Nov. 22, 
 
 1865. 
 Cox, W. T-, corp'l, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 East, Edward H., private. 
 
 Muster Roll Company D. 
 
 Captain. 
 George W. Curry, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 William H. Summy^ must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 George II. Sturdevant, must'd out Nov. 22, '65.
 
 192 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 First Sergeant. Thompson, William, mustered out Mav 25,' 65. 
 
 Wm. M. Greenwell, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. i Waugh, Charles R„ must'd out Nov. 27, '65. 
 
 Walker, Anderson, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 Quartermaster Serfftint. 
 
 William E. Elliott, disch'd June 20, 1865; 
 wounded. 
 
 Chmmissury Sergeant. 
 Isaiah Pelsor, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 
 Sergtants 
 
 Patrick Brady, mustered out Nov. 22. 1885. 
 Joseph W. Barlow, must'd out Nov. 2i, '65. 
 Bradburv, James T., mustered out Nov. 22, 
 I860. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Townsend, William, 
 
 Tapp, John J. 
 
 McNeil, William, must'd out Nov. 22. 65. 
 
 Conner, Owen, must'd out Nov. 2i, 1SC5. 
 
 Farrier. 
 James T. Kindred, mustered out Nov. 22, '65 
 
 Saddler. 
 
 Louis Meter, mustered out Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 Bugler. 
 
 John W. Chenoweth, mustered out Nov 22, 
 1865. 
 
 Blacksmith. 
 
 James F. Brown, must'd out Nov.'22, '65. 
 Privaim. 
 
 Ausmns, John, mustered out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Brick, Martin, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Bell, John, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Champ, James M., musiered out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Cochran, Joseph, deserted Oct 15, 1865. 
 Easton, Lucian, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Friend, John, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Guinn, Joseph, mustered out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Gearhart, Mordeeai, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Gentry, Owen P., Absent, sick, at M. O. of 
 
 regiment. 
 Hamilton, Alexander, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Harris, William, must'd out Nov. 22. 1865. 
 Hurly, Arthur, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Hodling, Ambrose, discharged June 3d. 65. 
 Hamilton, James, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 
 disabilty. 
 Houston. Samuel L., mustered out Sept 12, 
 
 1865. 
 Jaques, Nephi, mustered out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Kerrigan. Peter, mustered out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Lawson, David T\, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Leaverton, Elisha, must'd out Oct. 21, 1865. 
 Mnr hy, Michael must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Moudy, John, deserted Oct 15, 1865. 
 Murphy, Jeremiah, died at Brownsville Ark., 
 
 Feb. 6, 1865. 
 Meats, William C-, mustered out Feb. 23, '65. 
 Newell, James P., must'd out Mar. 4, '65. 
 Oneal, William, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Patton, Luther L., must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Ross, Jerome, promoted 1st lieutenant Co. B. 
 Kuhl, William G., must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Sturdevant, James E., absent at M. O. of regi- 
 ment. 
 Smith, Robert, deserted July 10, '65. 
 Smith, Henry, must'd out Nov. 22, 1865. 
 Stover, John, must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Sturdevant, Sol., absent at M. O. of reg"t. 
 Sarratt, Stephen, died Mound City 111., Nov. 2, 
 
 1864. 
 Stinson, James H., must'd out Nov. 22, '65. 
 Scanland, Sidney W, mustered out Nov. 22, 
 
 1865. 
 
 Wilson, Alfred M., discharged Feb 27, 1865, 
 
 term ex. 
 Warden, Robert, must out Nav. 22 '65. 
 
 Klevcnth Calvary Rcjrtment.— Three Years 
 
 Service.— Muster Roll Company C— Men 
 
 from Brown county. 
 
 Recruit. 
 Parks, Madison G., mus. out Sept 10, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company K. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Allingham, Charles A., tr to E. 5th cavalry M. 
 O. July 9, 1865. 
 
 Twelfth Cavalry.— Three Tears Service.— 
 Men Prom Schuyler County. 
 
 Fifteenth Cavalry— Three Years Service.— 
 
 Muster Roll Company B. — Men from 
 
 Schuyler county. 
 
 Sergeant. 
 David Lauglilin, disch. Nov. 22, '62, disabil'y. 
 
 Corporal. 
 Francis D. Fluce, disch. July 21, '65, disab'ty. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Barnum, James C., died at Savannah, Tenn., 
 
 April 27, 1862. 
 Lemley, John, must'd out Aug. 25, '64. 
 Madden, Wm. H., disch. Oct. 24, '62, dwab'y. 
 Patterson, Frs. M., disch. Nov. 3, '63. disab'v. 
 Patterson, Thos. N., must'd out Aug. 25, 1864, 
 
 as corporal. 
 
 Sixteenth Cavalry Regiment— Three Years 
 Service* — Men from Brown county. 
 
 Friv ites. 
 
 This regiment was organized in Feb- 
 ruary, 1862, at Chicago. Arno Vass 
 was its first colonel ; it formed a part of 
 the grand army of the department of 
 the Mississippi, and, in pursuance of 
 general order, issued March 2d, 1865, it ! s P e cial authority from the War Depart- 
 was consolidated into an eight company \ ment > issued August 12th, 1863. John 
 organization. Hasbrock Davis became L - Beveridge was made colonel. The 
 
 Adams, James, mn«t'd out, Aug. 19, '65. 
 Smith, Peter, must'd out Aug. 19, '65. 
 
 Seventeenth Cavalry— Three Years Service. 
 
 This regiment was organized under 
 
 colonel. 
 
 Unassigned Recruits. 
 
 Colter,. Hugh, tr. to 17 111, cavalry M. O. Dec. 
 
 20, 1865. 
 Compton, Lewis, tr. to 17 III. cavalry, deserted 
 
 May 21, 1864. 
 Carman, James, tr. to 17 111. cavalry, deserted 
 
 after completion of muster out roll. 
 Kech, Charles, tr. to 17 111. cavalry, died at 
 
 Alton, 111., July 8, '64. 
 Moran, William J., tr. to 17 III. cavalry, M. 
 
 O.June 6, 1865. 
 Stumpf, Leonard, mustered out Dec. 20, '65. 
 
 The following list comprises the en- 
 listed men from these counties who went 
 out in this regiment 
 
 Muster Roll Company G.— Men from 
 Brown County. 
 
 Private. 
 Huff, Lewis, vet, must, out May 29, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company M. 
 
 Private. 
 
 Johnson, Robt, tr. to Co. II, as consol.; deserted 
 March 19, '65. 
 
 Unassigned Recruits. 
 
 Burnett, Newton T., must, out Nov. 16, 1866, 
 
 to date Feb. 3, 1864. 
 Dunbar, Gabriel, tr. to 17 111. Cav. must'd out 
 
 Dec. 22, 1865. 
 Haynie, James E. 
 Morris, Henry C, tr. to 17 111. cav. must out 
 
 Dec. 15*, 1865. 
 Roberts, John Y. 
 Roberts, John T. 
 Ramey, James C. M, 
 
 Stover, James IL, deserted July 10, '65. 
 
 Truax, Henry F., absent, sick at M. O.of reg- j TaWor.'Ge^! W, ! tr?to 17th III. cav. must on 
 lment - I Dec 22, 1865. 
 
 muster was completed Feb. 12th, 18G4. 
 The regiment was most of the time di- 
 vided into three battalions, and moved 
 in different directions. It did gallant 
 service, and served out its full time. 
 
 Muster Roll Company D— Men from Schuy- 
 ler county. 
 
 Corporals. 
 James M. Bell, M. O. Dec 20, '65, as co serg. 
 Martin Richardson, deserted Sept 26, '64. 
 Henry C. Ben, m. o. Dec. 20, '65, as private. 
 Fdwin C. Mercer, m. o. Dec 20, '65, as priv. 
 
 Privates. 
 Bonsen, Wm. B., must d out Dec. 20, '65. 
 Ballen, Abijah, must'd out Dec. 20, '65. 
 Greenwood, W. B., M. O. Dec. 20, '65, assergt. 
 Hamilton, J. W., M. O. Dec 20, '65, as corp'l. 
 Harris, Wm. H., deserted Oct. 3, 1865. 
 Jump, Ab'ni, must'd out Dec. 20, 1865. 
 Keeler, Martin, absent sick, at m. o. of regt. 
 Lamaster, Wm. H., mustu out Dec. 20, '65. 
 McKee, Wm., died at St Charles, Ills., April 
 
 19, 1864. 
 Morris, Napoleon B.. must'd out Dec. 20, '65. 
 Martin, George, must'd out Dec 20, '65. 
 Richardson, William, must'd out Dec 20, '65. 
 Thurman, John, must'd out Dec'r 20, '65. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company K.— Menfrom Brown 
 County. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Roberts, John T , tr. to Co. K, must'd out Dec. 
 22, 1865. 
 
 Muster Roll, Company H. 
 
 Recruit. 
 
 Morris, Henrv C, tr. fro. 12 111. cav., must'd out 
 Dec. 15, 1865. 
 
 One Hundred and Eighth V. S. Colored. 
 Men from Brown County. 
 
 Clendenin, William.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 193 
 
 First Army Corps.— Enlisted M « n of Com- 
 pany No. 3. 
 
 Enlisted men of Company No. 3 assigned to 
 
 Co. IT, 2d Reg't U. S.vet. Volunteers. 
 Privates. 
 Priveee, Arthur, must'd out Feb. 24, 18C6. 
 Enlisted men of Company No. 9 assigned to 
 
 Co. D, 6th Reg't U. 8. vet. Volunteers. 
 McKnight, John, must'd out March 29, 1866. 
 First Artillery— Three Years Service. — Men 
 
 from Schnyler comity.— Battery F. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 
 SamuelS Smith, pro capt., Co. A, (asconsol'd) 
 
 must'd out March 28, '65; term expired. 
 Jefferson F. Whaley, must'd out March 7, '65. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Robert Richey, must'd out March 7, 1865. 
 
 Privates. 
 Eerringer, 0., dis. Jan. 4, '65 • term expired. 
 Berrirfger, Lloyd, vet. must'd out April 11, '65, 
 
 as Corporal. 
 Christance, G. W., disc. Jan. 4, '65 ; term exp'd. 
 Chri.-tance, Cornelius, must'd out March 7, 65, 
 
 as Sergeant. 
 Doctor, Valentine, vet. mustered out April 11, 
 
 1865. as Corporal. 
 Fuller, Fred'k.disch'd April 14, '62 ; disability. 
 Parker, S E., died at Memphis, Feb. 27, 1864. 
 Whaley, Johnson, dis. Jan. 13, '63; disability. 
 Youngs, Albert, dis. Jan. 4, '65; term expired. 
 
 Recruits. 
 Aird, Frank, tr. to Co. I, M. O. July 26, 1865. 
 Christiance, VVm. H., tr. to Co. I, absent, sick 
 
 at M. O. of regiment. 
 Fairchilds, Samuel C, tr. to Co. I, M. O. July 
 
 26, 1865. 
 Mead, Cbs. A , died Marietta, Ga., Sep. 8, '64 
 Sweet, Amos, trans, to Co. I, M. O. July 26,'65 
 Winter, John, trans, to Co. B, M.O. July 6, '65 
 Names of Brown county Soldiers Enlisted 
 In Company C, 3d Missouri Cavalry- 
 Three Years Service. 
 
 Corporals. 
 Warren Littlefield, must'd out Oct., '64 ; term 
 
 expired. 
 Joseph Hiles, mustered outOct., '64; term ex. 
 
 Primtes. 
 Ballard, Jas. A., must'd out Oct., '65 ; term ex 
 Hamilton, W. T., must'd out Oct.,'65 ; term ex 
 Wells, Hold ridge, mustjl out Oct ,'65; term ex. 
 Powers, John, killed at Jlouston, Mo., 1863. 
 Stevens, J. J., killed at Poison Springs, Ark., 
 
 1864. 
 Lucas, Geo. W., must'd out Mar., '64; term ex. 
 Wilson, Chas., must'd out Oct., '64 ; term ex. 
 Tenth I . S. Regiment, from Missouri. 
 
 Below is a list of the men from Schuyler Coun- 
 ty, who Joined Company .1., Tenth Missouri Reg- 
 iment, excepting those included in the Littleton 
 mster, immediately following this. 
 
 I brporalt. Jacobs, Peter S. 
 
 .(as. Middleion, Johnson Samuel 
 
 John McNeill, '""'• h ; I"'"" 1 ,, 
 
 George W. Hell. Lucas, \\ , ham It. 
 
 Mel. rath, Lord 
 Drummer Middleton, D. F. 
 
 nntmme,. Middleton, John M. 
 
 XN "'• L,ne - Moriartv, O. L. 
 
 Moore, Henry 
 '' '•'''•• Melntire, Wjliam 
 
 M..-es ('. Tolle. Melton, Samuel 
 
 Parson, Jacob 
 Privates. Parei i> av id J. 
 
 Adkinson, Daniel Peyton, A. D, 
 
 Ashcraft, J. F. Reed, John S. 
 
 Ashcraft, Richard Reed, Samson W. 
 
 Ashcraft, Samuel Rice, Thomas A. 
 
 Burnett, Knos Roach, John N. 
 
 Bird, John Roach, Levi W. 
 
 Belehambers, Frank Roberts, Thomas 
 Bly, William F. Roper, Henry F. 
 
 Bingham, Joseph R. Swim, J no. 
 
 Bell, James M. 
 ( 'ooper, Joseph A. 
 Castor, Lewis 
 Dtinlavy, Jas. G. 
 Dasher, William 
 Dennis, William 
 Gould, John C. 
 Holmes, Cvrus 
 Herbert, Jas. W. 
 
 Severns, L. J. 
 Sheppard, Rob't 
 Sanl'ord, Volney 
 Thrush, Win. F. 
 Thrush, Rob't A. 
 Tolle, Chas. W. 
 Williams, William 
 Wilson, Parker 
 Wimple, Minard 
 
 We append a list of all the Soldiers that went 
 from Littleton township to the late rebellion ; 
 showing the different regiments unci companies 
 in which they enlisted. The record was careful- 
 ly kept by fir. Hoses Davis, of Littleton, at the 
 1 time when the parties departed for service, and 
 may be relied upon as correct. 
 
 Sixteenth Illinois, Company t.. 
 
 Charles Abbott, Adam Batchlett, 
 
 Wither A. Barnes, Webster Dodds, 
 
 William Dodds, Josiah B. McCoy, 
 
 William Marlow, James Marlow, 
 
 Teel Nelson, 
 
 Byard Pittman; killed in battle. 
 Isaac Pennington ; died of disease. 
 ' Tillman Stodgel ; died of disease. 
 John Thrush; killed in battle. 
 
 Tenth Missouri, Company A. 
 
 B. T. Applegate, Moses R. Abbott, 
 
 Albert S. Ainsworth, 
 
 William Bawden ; died of disease. 
 
 Zebulon Busby ; died of disease. 
 
 William H. Briggs ; lost on Steamer Gen. Lyon. 
 
 A. R. Colt ; was promoted Capt; of Colored reg. 
 
 Janus II. Cross, Charles Craycraft, 
 
 James A. Dewitt, Edmund Dewitt, 
 
 ! A. J. Davis ; promoted Capt. Co. B., 10th Reg. ■ 
 
 Michael Daily, William H. Ellicott, 
 
 Capt. Leonard Horney; killed as Lieut. Col. at 
 Champion Hills, Miss. 
 
 John S. Harbison ; died of disease. 
 
 James M. Legg, Benjamin R. Logan, 
 
 Jacob Clement Long; died of wounds. 
 
 Miles McCabe, G. W. Nichols, 
 
 Alfred J. Odell, D. Clinton Odell, 
 
 Sandford Pitman; died of wounds. 
 
 James Pennington, 
 
 Samuel Spragne; died of disease. 
 
 Leroy Sellers, 
 
 Andrew Sellers; Lost on Steamer Gen. Lyon. 
 
 Francis M. Stodgel ; lost on Steamer Gen. Lyon. 
 
 Lafayette Sellers Daniel Sheesely, 
 
 William Snyder, David H.Snyder, 
 
 William F.Snyder, George Thrush, 
 
 George W. Thompkins, Samuel S. Thompson, _ 
 
 Howard Toland ; died of disease. 
 
 Cornelius Vosburg; died of disease. 
 
 1st Lieut. Joseph Walker; pro. to Maj. of Reg. 
 
 James A. Wyckoff, Elijah M. Wilson, Jr. 
 Sixty-second Illinois, Company I. 
 
 Capt. Joseph McLain, Nelson Ainsworth, 
 
 Elijah Barton; died of disease. 
 
 James O. Bates, Perry Bates, 
 
 ! John Caldwell, 
 
 Joel Cooper; died of disease. 
 
 Seth Chandler; died of disease. 
 
 Noah A. Cooper; died of disease. 
 
 Lewis Cooper ; died of disease. 
 
 John S. Dodge. 
 
 George C. Dewitt ; died of disease. 
 
 Louis Detrick ; died of disease. 
 
 William I). Ellis, George W. Ellis, 
 
 James W. Green, 
 
 Ferdinand Jalin; died of disease. 
 
 Cornelius Lowdernian, 
 
 Austin Lowdernian ; died of disease. 
 
 Charles Pershing, D. C. Pain, 
 
 John D. Pain, 
 
 Thomas Roberts ; promoted Lieutenant. 
 
 Daniel Ritchey, Smith M. Raper, 
 
 John Sites; died of disease. 
 
 Robert Thrush, John W. Toland, 
 
 James Van Winkle, Moses C. VanWinkle, 
 
 Mathias Whiteman, Calvin Whiteman, 
 
 David H. Wheat, Otto Yaapt, 
 
 David Fream; died of disease. 
 
 119th Illinois, Company B. 
 
 James M. Beard, 
 
 John Black ; died of disease. 
 
 James P. Biggs, William Caldwell, 
 
 Henry V. Garrison, James Hall, 
 
 William T. Irwin, 
 
 Jerome Irwin ; died of disease. 
 
 G. B. King, Frank Kepler, 
 
 John Mahaley, ' Patrick Murphy, 
 
 Abraham Stacker, George SnedikeY, 
 
 Seventy-third Illinois, Company <-. 
 John Wesley Colt; killed in battle. 
 N. Fuller, 
 
 William II. Horton ; died of disease. 
 Thomas Horton, Alexander Penning! on, 
 
 1st Lieut. Richard It. Randall; pro. Maj. of Keg 
 James O. Thompson, 
 
 Thomas J. Window; promoted Lieutenant. 
 Charles Yaapt. 
 
 Fiftieth Illinois, Company G. 
 
 Seth Alexander, - Dewitt C. Ellis. 
 
 Fiftieth Illinois, Company I. 
 
 Benjamin Greer, Engineer, 
 Josiah Sheesely, Engineer, 
 Aaron Sheesely, Engineer. 
 
 129 Illinois, Company I. 
 Henry C. Hutchinson. 
 
 3d Illinois Cavalry, Company B. 
 
 John Horton; died of disease. 
 
 David A. Seward, Stephen II. Seward. 
 
 I I th Illinois Cavalry, Company I. 
 Samuel W. Latter. 
 
 r; I Hi Illinois. Company I. 
 David llama, Hugh McCullough, 
 
 Peter Newman Engineer, Company I. 
 
 Seventy-eighth Illinois, Company I. 
 
 Charles Neidy ; died of disease. 
 William Wycoknff. 
 
 Eighty-fourth Illlno is, Company A. 
 
 Wenen S. Odell. 
 
 Second Illinois Cavalry. 
 
 William K. Roberts. 
 
 Ami Reed 
 
 I'liij • tifili Illinois. 
 
 died of disease. 
 
 Black Hawk Cava lry. 
 
 Garrett Seward ; died of disease. 
 
 The above named all enlisted for three vears 
 service, and three of them wire discharged and 
 re-enlisted for three years, viz: — Joel Cooper, 
 David Fream and James M. Legg. Eight of the 
 Dumber enlisted as veterans, — Charles Abbott, 
 Nelson Ainsworth, Adam Batchlett, James O. 
 Bates, John Caldwell, Thomas Roberts, David 
 II. Wheat and Otto Yaapt; ami many more of 
 the Sixty-second regiment offered their services 
 again, but were not accepted. 
 
 Following are the names of those who enlisted 
 in the One Hundred days service: 
 
 137th Illinois, Company K. 
 
 Richard Black, Joseph A. Thompson, 
 
 Theodore Dewitt, 
 Joseph Hand, 
 John L. Ritchey, 
 
 Eighth Illinois, Company K. 
 
 Samuel Sours. 
 
 Ninth Illinois, Company K . 
 John Spoonamore : died of disease. 
 15th Illinois, Co. K One Year's service. 
 
 Daniel O'Neal, 
 
 Henry Sites, 
 
 William Noble, 
 David O'Neal, 
 John I. Ritchev. 
 
 Joseph Hand, 
 Charles Roberts. 
 Bowlen Speer, 
 James B. Winless. 
 
 After the Township quota had been filled, the 
 following enlisted for one year and were credited 
 toother townships: — William Roberts, William 
 Noble. Francis Noble, Jeremiah Bair, James R. 
 McCullough and Richard Black, making in all, 
 one hundred and forty-nine different persons 
 that enlisted in the army from Littleton Town- 
 ship during the war.
 
 194 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 (■"VMOX SCHOOLS. 
 
 BY H. A. SMITH. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 HE great difficulty experienced in obtain- 
 ing correct information in regard to the 
 early schools of Schuyler Co. and know-- 
 ing that the events of the present will 
 be subjects of history in the future, is 
 sufficient reason for cotnmitting to the 
 safe custody of permanent record such 
 facts as are now known. 
 To whatever part of the West, intelligent families have 
 gone, there schools and churches have been considered 
 among the first requirements. Schuyler county was no ex- 
 ception to this rule. Some of the first schools were held in 
 private dwellings, some in deserted cabins, and others in log 
 houses built for school purposes. When we consider the 
 character of the early settlers, their general intelligence, their 
 self-sacrificing determination that their children should en- 
 joy the best advantages that the circumstances would allow, 
 we see why they gave a hearty welcome to the pioneer 
 teacher. 
 
 Some of these teachers were sadly in need of instruction 
 themselves in the matter to be taught and the manner of 
 imparting to others. But many excellent eastern teachers 
 found their way to different settlements and produced a last- 
 ing influence. Such communities are intelligent, prosperous 
 and happy. Many have gone out from thereto occupy high 
 positions of honor and trust. However, Schuyler has had 
 some opponents of free schools. Others fought against tax- 
 ation to support schools where anything was taught beyond 
 the three It's — Reading, Riting, Rithmetic. They were as 
 much behind their day as those who are said to have brought 
 the following accusation against Lord Say ; " Thou hast most 
 traitorously corrupted the youth of the realm in erecting a 
 grammar-school ; and whereas, before, our forefathers had 
 no other books but the score and tally, thou hast caused 
 printing to be used ; and contrary to the king, his crown 
 and dignity, thou hast built a paper mill. It will be proved 
 to thy face that thou hast men. about thee, that usually talk 
 of a noun and a verb, and such abominable words, as no 
 Christian ear can endure to hear. " 
 
 Intelligent people took a broader view of the subject. 
 The commonwealth saw in the youth the future citizen and 
 statesman. The state assumed the right to foster the public 
 school as a matter vitally affecting its strength, prosperity 
 and perpetuity. In a republic the ignorance which is suffered 
 to abound must adjudicate upon the rights of the wealthy and 
 
 the intelligent. The citizen should have a broad culture 
 and be able to analyze the complicated mechanism of our 
 triune forms of government and to note the harmonious re- 
 lations of its different elements. 
 
 The first school law of the state was enacted in 
 1825, and has the following preamble : " To enjoy our rights 
 and liberties we must understand them ; their security and 
 protection ought to be the first object of a free people ; and 
 it is a well-established fact that no nation has continued long 
 in the enjoyment of civil and political freedom, which was 
 not both virtuous and enlightened ; and believing that the 
 advancement of literature always has been, and ever will be, 
 the means of developing more fully tbe rights of man, that 
 the mind of every citizen in a republic is the common property 
 of society, and constitutes the basis of its strength and hap- 
 piness ; it is therefore considered the peculiar duty of a free 
 government like ours to encourage and extend the improve- 
 ment and cultivation of the intellectual energies of the 
 whole ; therefore, a common school or schools shall be estab- 
 lished in each county of this state. " 
 
 The school-houses being few and far between, some of the 
 pupils had to trudge several miles to a log cabin in the woods, 
 to woo the goddess of wisdom. I find in the treasurer's 
 book of T 2 N. 1 W. the following : " Aug. 3, 1841. On this 
 day the township was first organized, and the first Board of 
 School Trustees, five in number, namely — Benjamin 
 Chadsey, William Davis, Henry Klippur, J. T. Worthington 
 and John Scripps, sat to do business. " 
 
 On January 1st 1842, the Board met and divided the 
 township into two districts by a " line running North and 
 South through the center of sections 5, 8, 17, 20, 29, and 32. 
 All west of said line containing sections 6, 7, 18, 19, 30, and 
 31, and west half of sections 5, 8, 17. 20, 29 and 32, constitut- 
 ing the Town District or No. 1, and the east side containing 
 balance, or 24 sections and 6 half sections, No. 2 or the 
 Country District. " On October 13, 1847, the township was 
 laid off into seven districts. John Scripps was treasurer of 
 this township from the time of the organization of its first 
 School Board election in 1841 until his death in 1864. 
 
 Below is a list of the present treasurers of the several 
 townships : 
 
 Oakland, T. 3 X. 1 W Edwin Fisk. 
 
 Littletown, " 3 N. 2 W Jas Dewitt. 
 
 Brooklyn, " 3 N. 3 W C. L. Bessett. 
 
 Birmingham, " 3 X. 4 W David M. Sapp. 
 
 Huntsville, " 2N.4W Geo. W. Bnrke. 
 
 Camden, " 2 N. 3 W Win. T. McHalton. 
 
 Buena Vista " 2 N. 2 W Henry Kirkham. 
 
 Rushville, " 2 N. 1 W Martin W. Greer. 
 
 Browning " 2 N. 1 E S. D. Bader. 
 
 Hickory « 2 N. 2 E Herman C Sliultz. 
 
 Frederick, •' 1 N. 1 E Grove Conningham. 
 
 Bainbridge, " IN. 1 W George W. Frisby. 
 
 Woodstock, " 1 N. 2 W John S. Stutsman. 
 
 1 S. 2 W. united with Brown county for school purposes. 
 1 Q 1 av « *• " *« « « « 
 
 Rushville Union School, Owen Jackson, Rushville.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 195 
 
 Statistics of the Schools of Schuyler County for the Years 
 1861, 1871, and 1881. 
 
 b . 
 
 •2 & 
 
 
 i & !1 
 
 
 Its 
 
 Wages 1881. 
 
 1 
 
 Iff 
 
 1 
 
 if 
 P 
 
 ~ a tJSK §!C -3 1 - 
 
 COO ^SM o 30 =330 
 
 Iff r t 
 
 "2 X 
 
 A 
 
 i 
 
 Pri 
 
 I a 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 • 
 
 i 
 
 5 
 
 Principal of T 
 ship Fund 
 
 Amountexpena 
 School purpi 
 1881. 
 
 No of Schools, 
 
 Oakland, 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 S $ $ 
 
 3 N. 1. W 544 414 598 320 691 
 
 299 
 
 25 to 43 
 
 17 to 33 1196 19 1451 85 5 
 
 Littleton, 
 
 
 
 
 3N.2W 700; 362 590 410 558 
 
 331 
 
 20 to 40 
 
 17 to 30 2059 03 2800 46 10 
 
 Brooklyn, 
 
 
 
 
 3 N. 3 W 606 466 587 271 607 
 
 378 
 
 20 to 50 
 
 20 to 33 1285 40 2054 67 6 
 
 Birmingham, 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 9 N. 4 W 606 .'till 710 330 514 320 
 
 18 to 40 
 
 18 to 35 1599 50 2330 39 8 
 
 Huntsville, 
 2 N. 4 W 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 594 
 
 491 599 412 565 
 
 373 
 
 20 to 45 
 
 18 to 35 2131 61 2274 00 9 
 
 Camden, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2N.3W 
 
 544 
 
 430 570 235 546 
 
 316 
 
 25 to 50 
 
 18 to 28 1654 61 
 
 1675 44 5 
 
 Buena Vista, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 400 SO.) HI 591 
 
 277 
 
 20 to 44 
 
 W/£ to 35 6820 70 
 
 1690 86 7 
 
 RushviUe, 
 
 I N. 1 W 1430 1138 735 429 587 
 
 
 
 
 
 2C7 
 
 25to50 
 
 18 to 35 2730 00 
 
 2113 11 7 
 
 Browning, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 445 861 513 801 
 
 440 
 
 25to45 
 
 15 to 35 1586 14 1941 
 
 Hickory, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2N.2E 360 180 305 221 292 
 
 143 
 
 33 to 45 
 
 1177 15 
 
 852 03 
 
 Frederick, 
 
 1 X. 1 K 205 111! 210 111 151 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 101 
 
 50 to 60 
 
 30 to 30! 750 00 
 
 615 47 
 
 1 
 
 Bainbridge, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 N. 1 W 714 296 586 392 587 
 
 243 
 
 20 to 36 
 
 20 to 33.2079 90 
 
 1441 44 
 
 6 
 
 Woodstock, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1N.2W 808 304 778 452 642 
 
 343 
 
 35 to 40 
 
 18 to 40 
 
 2057 12 1376 07 
 
 7 
 
 1 S. 1 W. united 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 with Brown 
 
 
 
 
 
 Co. for sch'i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 purposes 100 50 80 32 
 
 1 S. 2 W. united 
 
 87 
 
 39 
 
 
 26 to 25 
 
 , 92 00 
 
 1 
 
 with Brown 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Co. for seh'l 
 
 
 
 itff 
 
 
 
 
 purposes 
 
 43 
 
 36 92 54 85 
 
 c* w ' 
 
 20 to 28 
 
 230 48 
 
 1 
 
 Kushville I'ni'n 
 
 
 OSS! 515 868 518 
 
 130 00 
 
 40 to 55 
 
 7553 90 5167 38 
 
 1 
 
 Totals , 
 
 870315467 8751 ! 4945 8178 
 
 ! • i i 
 
 4439 
 
 
 
 
 83 
 
 The following is a list of the School Commissioners and 
 Superintendents of Schuyler county, and the time their offi- 
 cial term expired : 
 
 NAME. TERM EXPIRED. 
 
 Alexander Curry .- . . 1835. 
 
 Henry B. Burtholf 1838. 
 
 Wm. Ellis • 1839. 
 
 J. D. Manlove 1845. 
 
 John Scripps 1849. 
 
 D. T. Berry 1850. 
 
 Charles Neill 1857. 
 
 Geo. B. Benton 1861. 
 
 A. D. Davies 1863. 
 
 Henry Smither 1864. 
 
 Jesse Fox 1869. 
 
 J. R. Neill 1873. 
 
 W. A. Clark 1877. 
 
 H. H. Foley 1882. 
 
 When the school law of 1855, went into effect the com- 
 missioners were required to visit and inspect all the schools at 
 least once a year. The law of 1872, left it optional with the 
 county board whether this work should be done or not. 
 
 The name of commissioner was changed to that of super- 
 intendent as more appropriate, for it was intended that this 
 officer should have a close supervision of the schools. But 
 the supervisors of this county appropriate nothing for this 
 purpose. With the ability and faithful services of our pre- 
 sent superintendent, the people have a guarantee that the 
 work of supervision will be well done. Money is no where 
 more judiciously expended than in efficient supervision. 
 
 In 1866, a Teachers' Institute was held, the first in five 
 years, at which twenty teachers were present. An Institute 
 has been held at Rushville during the month of August each 
 year since, usually lasting three days. In the year 1868, 
 the teachers' organized the " Schuyler County Teachers' In- 
 stitute" The following is the preamble : 
 
 " Whereas, we believe that the cause of education in this 
 county has long needed the stimulus that can only be de- 
 rived from an organized and determined effort on the part 
 of its friends, and, believing that such results can best be at- 
 tained by a County Teachers' Institute, therefore, 
 
 Resolved. That we do now organize ourselves under the 
 name and style of the" Schuyler County Teachers' Institute." 
 The County Board has in no way encouraged this Institute. 
 It has never appropriated any thing for lectures, instructors, 
 or incidental expenses. 
 
 The teachers in attendance have taken the part of in- 
 structors, and by questions and discussions have made the 
 sessions of that institute very pleasant and profitable. 
 
 In 1875, and also in 1876, William Gray held a Teachers' 
 Normal at the High School iu Rushville, which was well 
 sustained by the teachers of the county. In 1877, H. A. 
 Smith and E. A. Allen, held the Normal Teachers' drill. 
 For the last five years, Nathan T. Veatch, a close and ac- 
 curate student and good instructor, has conducted the Nor- 
 mal. The influence of these drills is felt throughout the 
 county in the improvement of the schools. 
 
 William Hobart Taylor taught school in the house of 
 Calvin Hobart, in the winter of 1832-34. This was a small 
 school. 
 
 The first schools held in cabins unoccupied by a family, 
 were in the summer of 1826, when Jotiathan D. Manlove 
 taught a school in his own house on the N. W. i, sec. 30, 
 Rushville township. At the same time Sophronia Chadsey, 
 afterwards Mrs. Manlove, taught in the cabin on N. E. i 
 of S. E. }, section 16, the first built in the county. As J. 
 D. Manlove was, for many years, one of Schuyler's most 
 honored citizens, and is authority on most questions regard- 
 ing the early history of Schuyler county. I copy the follow- 
 ing letter from him to the Schuyler Citizen : 
 
 1826 versus 1881." 
 
 Mr. Editor: With unfeigned pleasure I read the proceed- 
 ings of the Rushville High School, recently published iu the 
 Citizen. The performance was very creditable to all con- 
 cerned. If I were to criticise anything, it would be the uni- 
 formity of old heads on young shoulders, as shown by the 
 form of thought each pupil possessed ; but as the ideas were 
 all good and important to success, no strictures are in order. 
 
 " My mind reverts back to the summer of 1826, when I 
 taught a school in a log cabin where Mr. Little's house now 
 stands, northeast of your city. The cabin was the largest 
 one in the county, and had been occupied by a family not 
 censurable for the godly virtue of cleanliness, and was infested 
 with a numerous progeny of bugs, whose odorous perfume 
 was not pleasant to the olfactories of teacher or pupils. 
 They had prior possession, and had fortified and were taking 
 possession of the books and dinner baskets. We were compelled
 
 196 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 to declare a war of extermination. We procured a large 
 iron kettle, and when ready with boiling water all hands 
 moved on the enemies' works, and after a long and" bloody 
 battle, succeeded in destroying all their army, except a very 
 considerable number of stragglers that returned early to 
 their well known and impregnable hidings. Peace reigned 
 in Warsaw, the six inch benches were again occupied, and 
 the daily supply of muskmelons, which was furnished by 
 the teacher, eaten ; and all were happy and contented. And 
 right here I must refer to the first effort to build a school - 
 house in Schuyler. I think it was in 1827, and near B. 
 Chadsey's, perhaps on Wheelhouse's farm, then owned by 
 Jesse Bartlett. A log house was pu t up and perhaps covered ; 
 it was done under a very imperfect law, the first in the State 
 that was called a free school law. There was great prejudice 
 at that time with a portion of our southern and western 
 population against any law regulating and requiring each 
 citizen to assist in the promotion of schools. Many a poli- 
 tician was popular, or the reverse, owing to his views pro 
 or con. The house was never finished because of the ignor- 
 ance and prejudice then extant. Fifty-five years have passed, 
 and where are the friends of education to-day ? A reasonable 
 appreciation of its value is almost universal. It is be- 
 lieved by the ripest minds of the age, to be the anchor of 
 hope for the perpetuation of our system of government, a 
 necessity if the system survives, and a beacon light to all 
 ignorant and savage nations. This diffusion of knowledge 
 must imbue the minds of the future generations with the 
 grandest conceptions of truth, the scope of which combines 
 all that is useful and beautiful in the arts and sciences, in re- 
 ligion and in all the works of God and man. It will dispel 
 superstition, promote morality and true Christianity. For 
 truth is science, and science is truth demonstrated, and 
 neither conflicts with true Christianity. Let me say to the 
 young scholars above referred to that in intellectual cultiva- 
 tion as in everything else : to think we are able to achieve 
 is almost achievement. Everywhere are found the means or 
 facilities for obtaining an education, and if we have the fixed 
 purpose to use them, we can surely make advancement. 
 Permit a quotation from the Irish orator, Phillips. He 
 says : " Education is a companion which no crime can de- 
 stroy ; no enemy alienate ; no despotism enslave. At home 
 it is a frieud, abroad it is an introduction, and in society it is 
 an ornament. It chastens vice, guides virtue, and gives at 
 once grace and government to the genius. Without it what 
 is man? A splendid slave, a reasoning savage, vacillating 
 between the dignity of an intelligence derived from God, 
 and the degradation of passion participated with brutes. " 
 
 The history of the schools of the different townships is 
 nearly the same. The first schools- were " pay schools " or 
 subscription schools. When the 16th section was sold it 
 created a fund, the interest of which was to assist in support- 
 ing free schools. The state school tax and revenue derived 
 from fines, together with the school tax of each district, 
 were for the same purpose. Oakland sold her school land 
 in June, 1837. The first school in the township was taught 
 by a Mr. Preston in a log cabin built by Frederick Noble, 
 on the S. E. } of section 24, in the summer of 1835. Schol- 
 
 ars in attendance were Abner and William, children of 
 Richard Ashcraft ; Harriet, daughter of William Burress ; 
 Rebecca and Nancy, children of Josiah Downer ; Benjamin, 
 Martha Ann, Sarah Jane and Joseph S., children of Joseph 
 Logan ; and three children of the teacher. The subscrip- 
 tion was 81.50 per month. Session three months. 
 
 Thomas Bronaugh taught the first school in Littleton, 
 in a deserted cabin in the summer of 1835. The cabin was 
 on S- W. \ section 21. Pupils: Julia, Margaret, John, and 
 Ephraim L., children of David Snyder; Martha, Nancy, 
 Evaline and Ludwell, children of Elijah M. Wilson ; Eliza 
 and Benjamin, children of R. P. Aplegate; Andrew Wycoff, 
 a nephew, John, Thomas Jacob, Daniel and Asher, children 
 of Garrett Wycoff; Jane, Eliza Ann, and Tolbert, children 
 of Win. H. Crawford. First school-house, a log cabin 
 built in 1838, on S. W. i of section 19, Hon. Samuel Hor- 
 ney, teacher. John Weaver settled on this quarter section 
 in 1833, and the farm is still owned by his youngest son, 
 David Weaver. Littleton sold her school section in 1840. 
 
 Brooklyn did not sell the school section until March 25, 
 1841. The first school in this township was taught by 
 Richard Kellough, in a log cabin, in the village, in 1837. 
 The first school -house was built in 1842. 
 
 The first school in Birmingham township, was taught in 
 a log cabin in the village by Wm. Neil in the winter of 
 1837. The following named persons were appointed by the 
 Schuyler County CommL-sioners' Court, trustees for the school- 
 land of 3 N. 4 W. : Wm. Dron, James G. King and J. G. 
 Graham. On petition the 16th section was sold April 7, 
 1847, being the last township in the county to offer its school 
 land for sale. 
 
 A Mr. Kimball, an old man from Kentucky, taught 
 a school in a small log cabin south of Huntsville, in Hunts- 
 ville township, in 1835-6. There were three windows of 
 leather which were fastened up during the day to permit 
 the light to pass in between the logs, and were closed at 
 night. The teacher permited all to study aloud. Jeremiah 
 Brisco taught the first school in Huntsville in 1836, in a log 
 cabin built for the purpose that season. He taught for the 
 same school for several terms. 
 
 Huntsville has had many excellent teachers. Miss Mary 
 Hart, of Conn., taught the school south of Huntsville dur- 
 ing the summer of 1836. H. E. Bryant, now banker at 
 Bement ; Miss Eunice Kimball, an eastern lady, and Alvin 
 Bacon, each taught several terms in Huntsville. Miss 
 Letitia Biscoe taught in a log cabin near Shilo. The win- 
 dows of this cabin consisted of a board fastened up with a 
 strap. 
 
 The first frame school house in Huntsville, was built 
 about 1840. School land sold April 8, 1839. The first school 
 in Camden township was taught by Esq. John Thornhill, in 
 1836, in a neglected cabin built by a squatter in 1835, on 
 section 18. The second school was taught in the winter of 
 1838-9, by George L. Gray, who now owns and lives on the 
 same piece of land, sec. 22, where he fought his Christmas 
 battles. He was fastened out by the big boys until he 
 would promise to treat to toddy. He finally yielded and 
 furnished the money, when a boy by the name of Brown,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 197 
 
 went to what is now Brooklyn, for the whiskey. The toddy 
 was made in buckets, and the teacher and pupils enjoyed it 
 together, and harmony was restored. Tuition $1.50 per 
 quarter. John Anderson taught in the northern part of 
 what is now the village of Camden in 1839. A brief de- 
 scription of this school-house, may, with very few changes, 
 apply equally well to any one of our tarly " temples of learn- 
 ing," in which the youth were wont to woo the goddess of 
 wisdom. 
 
 It was built of logs, as were all of the houses at that time. 
 The fire-place occupied nearly the whole of one side of 
 the room and a recess in the wall. After reaching a 
 height of about 6 feet the logs were placed straight 
 across that side of the room, and the chimney of sticks was 
 continued up on the outside of the house. It had puncheon 
 floor and seats, and greased paper placed between the logs 
 for windows. The large boys cut and carried the wood for 
 the fire. The school section was sold in October 1837. 
 
 The first school-house in Schuyler county was built in 
 Buena Vista in 1828, on N. W. i of sec. 1, and Robert 
 Sexton taught a two months' session. On May 10, 1830, 
 Samuel L. Dark commenced a six months' session on N. E 
 i of sec. 22. In '43-44, George B. Grey taught at Cross 
 Boads. The subscription consisted of various kinds of pro- 
 duce ; one patron agreeing to pay a certain number of 
 bushels of wheat, another a certain number of bushels of 
 oats, &c, &c. It was not always the easiest matter to collect 
 in those days, and the teacher employed Jacob Snyder to col- 
 lect for him. Another teacher of the same school was Mr. 
 Wheadon. Instead of the usual mottoes around the room, 
 each pupil could read the penalty for certain offences. 
 ? lashes for talking out loud. ? lashes for fighting. 13 lashes 
 for quarreling going to or from school, and other rules with 
 the penalty. Buena Vista has the largest school fund of 
 any township in the county, owing to the foreclosing of its 
 mortgage and reselling of a portion of its school section after 
 it hadadvanced in price. This section was first sold in April, 
 1838. The first schools of Rushville township have already 
 been referred to The first school at Sugar Grove in this 
 township, (two in this county) was taught by Miss Mary 
 Ann Boron, now Mrs. John Lee, in 1832. 
 
 Joab Moore taught the first school in the Hall neighbor- 
 hood in 1833-4. The first school-house was built the next 
 season, and Charles Neill taught the first school in it. 
 
 The first school in Browning township was taught by aman 
 from Tennessee in 1835, in a small log cabin built by 
 Nathan Glover. This was the second township to sell its 
 school section, which was done Oct. 29, 1833, by Alfred 
 Wallace and John M. Campbell, trustees. 
 
 The first session of school in Hickory was taught by a Mr. 
 Sheldon in 1838, in a cabin built on the bluffs. There were 
 but two small fractions of section 16 in this township. 
 
 The first school in Frederick was held in a private cabin 
 built by Horatio Benton. The first school-house was built 
 in 1846, a small one story frame building now used as a 
 town house. 
 
 The first school in Bainbridge was in a log cabin builtfor 
 the purpose on section 22 about the year 1830. The first 
 
 teachers were John Keeton,Mr. Sexton, John Parker, Joseph 
 Bell, James M. Stevens. 
 
 John Greene taught school in the winter of 1835-6 in 
 a log cabin built in the fall, on N. E. sect. 1. 
 
 Samuel Haines, Jas. Lawler, and Nathan Winshaell were 
 appointed trustees at the June term of court in 1836. The 
 school-land was sold Dec. 5, 1836. 
 
 The first school in Woodstock township was taught by 
 John Taylor in 1827. The first school in the northern part 
 of the township was taught by Mr. Charles Hatfield in the 
 winter of 1833, in a house built that fall of elm poles 
 in an elm grove near Mr. Joshua Griffiths.' The pupils and 
 teacher mixed the mud on the floor of the school-house, af- 
 ter the school began, with which they daubed the house at 
 recesses and noon. Scholars in attendance at this school 
 were William T. and Isaac, children of Richard Black ; 
 Sarah and Rebecca, children of Jacob Fowler ; Houston 
 and Elihu, children of Allen Alexander ; James and 
 Thomas, children of Isaac Sanders ; Anderson, Isaac S. and 
 Pressly Riley, children of Mrs. Amelia S. Riley. The 
 day before Christmas, Anderson and Pressly Riley took 
 the teacher out and wallowed him in snow, and left him tied, 
 because the teacher would not treat to whisky. The teacher 
 treated to two gallons of whisky on New Year's. 
 
 In the same school-house, taught Thomas Binkly, Mr. 
 Johnson, Enoch Boughton, Faunton Muse and Robert Glenn. 
 
 Whilst the strife for the Christmas treat was going on, 
 when Mr. Muse was teacher, he attempted to descend the 
 spacious chimney, when one of the boys threw water on the 
 coals in the fire-place which nearly caused him to fall, but 
 he managed to crawl out, and promised the usual treat. 
 
 Robert Glenn spent much of his time in reading law whilst 
 the pupils amused themselves. One day, desiring to obtain 
 some young squirrels in the top of a dry tree about 100 
 yards from the school-house, the scholars built a fire around 
 the tree in the morning and agreed to run when they heard 
 it fall. On hearing the tree fall, all ran without a%king 
 permission except two small boys. When they returned the 
 teacher looked up and a-ked them if they had got back. 
 Comment is unnecessary. 
 
 Townships IS. 1 W. and 13 S. 2 W. are united with 
 Brown county for school purposes. 
 
 Rushville has a very comprehensive school history, for it 
 has had its Western Seminary, Cottage Seminary, Female 
 Seminary, Scripps' Academy, The Seminary, M. E. Church 
 High School, Parrott School House, and Rushville Union 
 School. Schools were also held in many other places. 
 
 There have always been strong friends of education in 
 Rushville. Taking a correct view, "they considered that it 
 was cheaper for themselves and better for the town to sup- 
 port good schools where their children could be educated at 
 home, than to send them away. On June 25, 1845, J. Clarke, 
 Lycurgus I. Kimbali, George B. Rogers, Roland M. Wor- 
 thington, Jas. G. McCreery, Abraham Tolls, Wm. E. With- 
 row, Joseph Montgomery and James L. Anderson, purchas- 
 ed the lot where the Union School building now stands, and 
 built the Seminary. The first teacher in this institution 
 was A. J. Sawyer, now teacher of mathematics in Chicago
 
 1»8 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 University, assisted by Miss Williams and Miss Dayton. 
 This was in 1848. The next teachers were R. H. Griffith, 
 assisted by Miss Sophia Barber, afterwards Mrs. McCroskey. 
 Dr. Thomas C. Nichols assisted by J. N. Speed taught in 
 the summer of 1855. 
 
 The boys will not soon forget Levi Lusk, or Mr. and Mrs. 
 More or Mr. Wm. English. If they forget the first, say 
 " pigtails," if the second, " who struck she," if the third, 
 " Billie Moses " Other teachers at the Seminary were Mr. 
 Lucas, G. W. Scripps who followed Mr. English, Geo. T. 
 Ramsey and daughter Lydia, Judge Lucas, Henry Smither 
 and others. 
 
 Mr. Marple built the Cottage Seminary about 1862, 
 where he taught until about 1865. He was a most excellent 
 instructor but poor governor. 
 
 The schools at the Parrott School House had the following 
 names among the instructors : Mary Moore, and Miss Ed- 
 wards ; Wm. Ellis and daughter ; Mrs. James McCroskey. 
 At the Female Seminary Miss Anna Gray, now Mrs. Charles 
 Warren, was a successful teacher. The long list of names 
 of successful teachers of Rushville is an admonition to stop 
 at once and to let this be written up for Rushville instead 
 of the county history. The Rushville High School Associa- 
 tion sold the Seminary to District No. 9 in 1855 
 
 The deed conveying said seminary to the public school of 
 Rushville was signed by James L. Anderson, William H. 
 Ray, W. W. Wells, R. C Hall, J. G. McCreery, R. H. Grif- 
 fith, Thomas Monroe and J. C. Bagby. 
 
 The female seminary was bought of the Cumberland 
 church and used for a ladies' private seminary for three 
 years, the number of pupils being limited to twenty-five. 
 The building is now owned by the M. E. Church. 
 
 In March, 1869, the Rushville Union School District was 
 incorporated by a special act of the legislature. It is formed 
 out of parts of Rushville and Buena Vista. Wm. H. Ray, 
 Thomas Wilson, W. W. Wells and R. H. Griffith took the 
 old cast iron oath of office on the 4th of June. 1869, as the 
 first board of education of Rushville Union School District. 
 On July 7th following W. S. Irwin was elected to fill the 
 vacancy caused by the resignation of E. D. Leach. 
 
 In 1870 the Union School was erected at a cost of about 
 845.000. 
 
 The schools of the New Union School District were first 
 graded by John F. Gowdy in 1869. In 1871 they were all 
 brought together in the new building standing where " the 
 seminary " formerly stood. They were reorganized and 
 brought to a high standard of excellence during the next 
 two years by J. M. Coyner, now of Salt Lake City. In 1 875* 
 the furnaces were removed and the building heated by steam, 
 a much needed improvement. The finishing work of the 
 building, which was left in 1871, was completed in 1876. 
 The first class graduated on June 14, 1876, consisting of 
 eight girls and four boys. The school has nine departments 
 and ten teachers. There is a regular three years' high 
 school course, and those completing it receive the diploma 
 of the school. Of the teachers of the Union School, Miss 
 Anna J. Ramsey, Miss Tillie Erwin, and Emma C. Ervin, 
 served the longest time, eight to eleven years. Miss Ida 
 
 M. McCall, of Galesburg, was teacher in the high school 
 from 1875 until 1880. The school has a fine cabinet of cu- 
 riosities and specimens. 
 
 I have given as complete a history of the schools of 
 Schuyler county as space would seem to warrant. Perhaps 
 I should add, that there is at present but one log school- 
 house left. The present school-houses are, many of them, 
 neat frame buildings, supplied with blackboards, maps and 
 globes — things unknown when the desks were supported by 
 pins in the logs and the pupils required to sit on long wooden 
 pins, high up on the wall, for punishment. Corporal punish- 
 ment has grown beautifully less. 
 
 The teachers are required to pass a rigid examination, 
 and the patrons of the school demand successful teachers. 
 Instead of opposition to taxation for educational purposes, it 
 is now regarded as true economy to a community to encour- 
 age higher development. The continual cheapening of mere 
 manual labor and the increased demand for directive energy, 
 and the fact that the wealth of a community depends upon 
 the amount of its directive intelligence, are matters better 
 understood than formerly. 
 
 It is better that the youth of a community be educated to 
 become this directive intelligence than that they occupy sub- 
 ordinate positions. 
 
 " No mother should be so unchristian as not to teach her 
 children to read and write." "As an orange is not an 
 orange till it is ripe, so a man is not a man till he is edu- 
 cated." 
 
 BROWN COUNTY. 
 
 BY MOSES BLACK. 
 
 The object of this chapter is to give a brief account of 
 the schools of Brown county, from its settlement to the 
 present time. In collecting the necessary information, I 
 have been compelled to rely, almost exclusively, on the 
 recollections of the old residents; and the work cannot, 
 therefore, claim absolute accuracy. The majority of the 
 teachers of half a century ago were without any special 
 training for their work. Many of them had never " ciphered 
 past the Single Rule of Three," and the course of study in 
 the schools was commonly confined to the " three R's" 
 (Reading, Riting, and Rithm'etic). They labored faithfully 
 to instruct their pupils, and as school commonly began at 
 sunrise and continued till sunset, with only a noon intermis- 
 sion, it will be seen that their work was not light. There 
 were no class-recitafions, except the spelling classes, which 
 commonly spelled twice a day, beginning at the head, and 
 each pupil who spelled a word missed by one standing nearer 
 to the head of the class, took the place of the one missing 
 it. Some of the early schools were what is termed " loud 
 schools," and when in good working-order could be heard 
 quite a distance. All the pupils studied aloud, and each 
 one exerted himself to make as great a noise as possible. 
 As late as 1852 a school of that kind was taught in the old
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 199 
 
 log-house which stood a short distance south of the present 
 building in the Gilbirdsport district, in Elkhom township. 
 The gentleman who taught this school called upon the School 
 Commissioner (S. S. Black), armed with a request from the 
 directors of his district, to grant him a certificate. The com- 
 missioner, though having no discretion in the matter when 
 a request was presented, asked the applicant a few questions ; 
 one of them was: "Mr. C. what is orthography?" The 
 applicant responded : " I never studied anything only the 
 common branches." In some of the schools they were per- 
 mitted to study aloud when preparing their spelling-lessons. 
 Written or blackboard work was unknown. The teachers 
 sometimes wrote the multiplication-table, and gave it to the 
 pupils to memorize. In discipline they were generally rigid, 
 the rod being frequently used. An incident, which occurred 
 in one of the earliest schools in Mt. Sterling, illustrates the 
 then prevalent idi-a in regard to -corporal punishment. 
 During the school exercises, the door was unceremoniously 
 opened, and one of the patrons of the school said to the 
 teacher: "Mr, Taylor, have you whipped my son Alec?" 
 "No, sir; he is a good boy, studies well, and does not need 
 it." "I want you to whip him, as I think it would make 
 him do better.'' Some of the early teachers required the 
 boys to bow and the girls to courtesy to any person they 
 met while on the road to or from school. This custom was 
 continued in some schools, as late as the year 1849, when 
 the writer first attended school. The t< xt books commonly 
 used were, Noah Webster's Spelling-Book, Pike's Arithme- 
 tic, and the Introduction to the English Reader. Books 
 were scarce, and, for reading, pupils brought any book they 
 could obtain. Some schools, in addition to the Reader men- 
 tioned, would have the Bible, a Life of Marion or Wash- 
 ington, Robinson Crusoe and in some instances old news* 
 papers supplied the place of a reader. Ink was made of 
 nutgalls, or the bark of maple or walnut trees. All the 
 pens were made by the teacher from goose-quills. In the 
 matter of school architecture there was a great similarity. 
 The houses were commonly built of round logs, the cracks 
 chinked with sticks, and a large fire-place witha stick chim- 
 ney. In some instances the chimney was built from the 
 upper joists, and the wood being laid on the hearth below, 
 the pupils could approach (he fire from three sides, instead 
 of the front only, as was the case with an ordinary fire-place. 
 The roof was always made of clapboards, and frequently 
 fastened with weight-poles instead of nails. The floor (when 
 the building had one), was made of puncheons, and the seats 
 were either poles or slabs, supported by sticks stuck in them. 
 The only desk was a slab hewed from the body of a tree, 
 and placed on underpins driven in the wall. The windows 
 were made by cutting out a log; sometimes placing greased 
 paper over the opening; at other times a single row of glass 
 would be used. All the school-houses of that date were 
 built by the voluntary labors of the settlers. The schools 
 were sustained almost entirely by the tuition paid by the 
 patrons. An article of agreement was commonly written, 
 and each one signed whatever number of scholars he in- 
 tended to send, the price per scholar being stipulated in the 
 agreement. In addition to the tuition paid him, the teacher 
 
 commonly "boarded round," that is, stayed a part of the 
 time with each family, his board costing him nothing Many 
 of the pupils from sixteen to twenty years of age were learn- 
 ing to read, and from oue to four miles was a common dis- 
 tance for them to walk. It was a common thing, when there 
 was no school in a neighborhood, to send children to some 
 other part of the county, and pay board and tuition while 
 attending school. Teachers' wages were frequently no higher 
 than thirteen dolhirs per month, and, in some instances, as 
 low as ten dollars per month was paid, or rather promised, 
 as the collections seldom amounted to enough to pay the 
 teacher the stipulated price. It was a common occurrence 
 for the pupils, just before the Christmas holidays, to take 
 possession of the school-house, and refuse to allow the 
 teacher to enter, unless he would promise to " treat the 
 school." Failing in this, they would resort to "heroic 
 treatment," and many a contest ensued. The custom was 
 favored by public opinion, and generally the teacher had to 
 succumb. As a good illustration of this, I give the follow- 
 ing statement, written by a former resident of Brown county, 
 now a prominent physician in a neighboring county : " In the 
 winter of 1845 and '46, I was employed to teach a school in 
 Buckhorn township. I was to receive forty dollars, and 
 board around, for my services, the term being th r ee months. 
 The school-house was about eighteen feet square, built of 
 round logs, clapboard roof, held on by weight-] oles. The 
 chimney, which occupied the greater part of one side of the 
 house, was built of sticks. One log was cut out for a window, 
 in which I believe there was a single row of eight-by-ten 
 window-glass. The floor, benches, and writing-desk were 
 made of puncheons. We began school by the time the sun 
 rose, and continued till sunset. McGuffey's Readers and 
 Webster's Elementary Speller were the books most used. 
 There were about thirty pupils in attendance, and among 
 them probably half a dozen boys and as many girls were 
 full-grown. The first day of our school, at noon, the young 
 men and larger girls commenced playing such plays as were 
 common at social parties, mch as, Old Sister Phoebe, Pleased 
 or Displeased, Kitchen Furniture, &c, which were usually 
 wound up by marrying a couple. I had som« doubts about 
 the propriety of such amusements at school, but not wishing 
 to assume any arbitrary authority, I referred it to the direct- 
 ors. After consulting, they said that, ' As such plays were 
 allowed at the private houses, there could be no harm in 
 permitting them, at play-time, in the school house.' Such 
 being their decision, the plays went on through the entire 
 term, and I made a full scholar in that department. I could 
 do as much kissing as any of them, being about eighteen 
 years of age, and very fond of such exercises. Many of the 
 young men and women of the neighborhood, who did not 
 attend school, would come in and take part with us in those 
 plays. It was customary, at that time, in some localities, to 
 turn the teacher out, or even to take him to the creek and 
 give him a cold bath, unless he would agree to treat the 
 school on Christmas. My pupils had determined to duck 
 me, unless I would agree to treat them. I knew nothing of 
 this until the afternoon of Friday before Christmas. When 
 I told them to get their books and go to studying, one of the
 
 200 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 young men stepped up to me and said, ' We are going to rule 
 this afternoon.' I at once suspected what the trouble was, 
 and stepping outside the door, picked up a good-sized hoop- 
 pole. I then went back, and looking as fierce as I could, 
 told them I would thrash the life out of all who did not 
 obey me. I then ordered all who intended to behave prop- 
 erly to march over on the other side of the house, so that I 
 might see how many I would have to whip. This order 
 came so unexpectedly, and I looked so fierce and determined, 
 that all committed themselves on my side, except two young 
 men and one girl. The young men, each of whom was older 
 and larger than myself, then took hold of me, the girl look- 
 ing on and encouraging them. The creek was nearly half 
 a mile from the school-house, and as there was a small hill 
 to go over, it was no easy job to take me there. There was 
 snow on the ground, and we had a pretty rough time of it, 
 sometimes all down together, first one on top and then an- 
 other, frequently getting very mad. and occasionally fight- 
 ing. At such times the girls would cry, and come and take 
 hold of the boys, and beg them to let me alone; but the 
 one girl who was for ducking me would run up and tell 
 them to ' stand back and let them duck him. He ought to 
 treat ; and if he does not do it, he ought to be ducked. Dad 
 has ducked many a man ; and there is a law to make him 
 treat.' The boys finally tired out, and, finding they could 
 not get me to the creek, let me go ; I promising to treat them 
 when I got ready. I did treat them, on Christmas-day, 
 parents and children, on two gallons of whiskey, and two 
 pounds of sugar, costing me just one dollar. Apples could 
 not be had at that time We had a jolly time at the treat, — 
 spelling, singing, etc , — and the whiskey made many of them 
 feel very happy, and everything went off well " This cus- 
 tom has long since become obsolete. The rough log-houses 
 of pioneer days have, nearly everywhere, given place to 
 neat and comfortable buildings, while the school-furniture 
 of the present day is almost perfect. The qualifications of 
 teachers are much better than formerly, many of them hav- 
 ing received professional training. Teaching is beginning 
 to be recognized as a profession, and each year the quality 
 of the work done by our teachers is improving. The teach- 
 ers have an organization which holds an annual meeting of 
 from two to three days, and intermediate sessions by volun. 
 tary effort are quite frequent. I have obtained from the 
 State Superintendent of Public instruction a copy of the 
 oldest report on file in his office, and for the purpose of 
 showing the progress of our county, contrast it with the 
 last report : 
 
 •1850. 1881. 
 
 Number of schools taught 30 58 
 
 Av. monthly compensation of male teachers . $17 42.46 
 
 Av. monthly compensation of female teachers 29.74 
 
 Highest rate of compensation paid 20 100.00 
 
 Lowest rate of compensation paid 10 15.00 
 
 Amount of public money paid for teachers' 
 
 wages 824.60 16,25581 
 
 A mount annually expended for schools ... 995.45 24,849.56 
 
 Number of school-houses 23 58 
 
 Number of log school-houses 21 4 
 
 Number of frame school-houses | 2 49 
 
 The first school, in what is now Brown county, was taught, 
 as early as the year 1830, by a man named Agneal. The 
 school was taught in a house on the northwest quarter of 
 section five in Cooperstown township, the house also being 
 the teacher's residence. The teacher was a minister and 
 came from Ohio, but I have not been able to ascertain any 
 particulars in regard to the school. The first school-house 
 in the county was built in the same township on the north- 
 east quarter of the northwest quarter of section nine, in the 
 fall of 1831. It was a rough log building, sixteen feet 
 square, clapboard door and roof, with the ordinary furniture, 
 and was never completed. In the spring and summer of 
 1832 George W. Lester taught school there and A. A. Glenn, 
 who afterward represented this district in the State senate, 
 and was acting Lieutenant Governor, was one of his pupils. 
 His school was composed of pupils from the O'Neal settle- 
 ment near Ripley, and the White settlement, so named from 
 Jacob White, the first settler on what is now known as the 
 Huffman farm. In the same summer Martin. Dewitt taught 
 school in a small log cabin on the southeast quarter of sec- 
 tion tweuty-four. A Mr. Haggerty taught school near the 
 present town of Cooperstown in the year 1833, and either in 
 the same or following year Samuel Briscoe taught there. A 
 hewed log school-house was built on the White farm, south- 
 east quarter of section seventeen, and W. C. Hardin taught 
 the first school there in 1833. He was followed by William 
 Crewdson, W. J. Ba-ket, and, in 1839, A. A. Glenn taught 
 a three months' school there for which he received, nominal- 
 ly, thirteen dollars per month, about one-third of which was 
 never collected. W. F. Cox taught near La Grange in 1836 
 or '37, the locality being kuown as the Orchard settlement. 
 J. A- Hankins taught school on Little Creek in the year 
 1840, and in 1841 and '42 A. A. Glenn taught in a house on 
 section twenty four. James D. McPherson was one of the 
 early teachers, beginning about 1842 and continuing at in- 
 tervals for many years. J. L. Bradbury, a resident of that 
 township, was a teacher in former years. 
 
 The first school-house in Mt- Sterling township was built 
 jn 1832. It was a log house of the ordinary kind, one of 
 the pupils stating that to the best of his recollection there 
 were no nails used in its construction. It was situated on 
 the north half of the southeast quarter of section twenty-one, 
 being the land now owned by J. H. Hersman. The first 
 school in the township was taught in this house by James 
 Alexander in the summer of 1832, and in the winter of 1832, 
 '33, Jonathan Billings taught there. A part of his school 
 was taught in a cabin near by, as it was more comfortable 
 than the school-house. George Harper, the first county 
 surveyor of Brown county, taught the next school, and in 
 the summer of 1834 Samuel Weir taught the first school in 
 the town, in the house now occupied as a residence by John 
 A. Givens, and situated near the northeast corner of section 
 seventeen. The room in which the school was taught had 
 no floor, the children sitting upon the joists. This was a 
 silent school, but the pupils were permitted to study aloud 
 when preparing the spelling lesson. One of the ludicrous 
 incidents of this school was related to me by a pupil. Mr. 
 Weir made a bench for himself and would sometimes have
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 201 
 
 pupils sit beside him. The supports of the bench were some 
 distance from the ends. One day a girl was reciting, and 
 seeing a boy laughing at her, she kept moving away from' 
 the teacher, who, to relieve her, sat upon the end of the 
 bench. Finally the girl, suddenly jumping up, the bench 
 tipped and threw the teacher outside, he being just at the 
 door. 
 
 The first school-house built in the town was a hewed log 
 house which stood in the street east of the court-house 
 square. John Taylor was the first teacher, and taught there 
 as early as 1836. He taught several years and is kindly 
 remembered by his former pupils. Several ladies were 
 among the early teachers. Miss Spencer, Miss Spring and 
 Miss Pond taught soon after Mr. Taylor, and Mr. Scanland, 
 T. P. W. Magruder, R. C. Dunn and Moses Winslow, all 
 taught at an early date. About 1848 the brick building, now 
 occupied as an office by Doctor A. M. Shields, was built for an 
 academy. It was the work of a joint stock association, the 
 shares being twenty -five dollars each, and the cost of build- 
 ing and grounds was about two thousand dollars The 
 school was successful for a short time, but the stock having 
 changed hands, litigation ensued for the control of the build- 
 ing, and the usefulness of the school was greatly impaired. 
 After a few years the building was rented to the district and 
 used for public school. _ So far as can be learned, this was the 
 only attempt ever made in the county to establish a school 
 for higher education. About 1851 a sehool-house was built 
 by private parties on the northwest corner of South and 
 East Cross streets. This, and the brick house mentioned, 
 were the only school rooms in the town for several years. 
 About 185S a house was fitted upon the north side of North 
 street, and a short distance east of West Cross street, which 
 was rented by the district until the fall of 1865, when the 
 main building of the present school-house was built by the 
 district. It was enlarged to its present dimensions in 1873, 
 the total cost being about $20,000, and now contains eight 
 rooms, each twenty-five by thirty-seven feet, and can be 
 easily arranged to seat five hundred pupils. The school 
 was organized as a graded school in the same year the build, 
 ing was completed, and now has seven departments, includ- 
 ing the high school, which has a three years' course of study. 
 Nineteen pupils have completed the course, the first class 
 graduating in 1879. I learn from Professor E. It. Sluader, 
 who is now in charge of this school, that during the past 
 year three hundred and twelve pupils were enrolled, one 
 hundred and forty of whom were males, and one hundred 
 and seventy-two females. The average standing of this 
 year's graduates was 87 per cent. 
 
 The first school in Lee township was taught iirthe summer 
 of 1832 by Mrs. Nancy Howes, wife of Oliver Howes, in 
 their cabin which was situated on the northeast quarter of 
 the northwest quarter of section six. Mrs. Howes stated 
 that some of the children came five miles to attend this school. 
 The discomforts both to teacher and pupils can be readily 
 imagined as the school was taught in the same room occupied 
 by the family, the teacher at the same time doing her house- 
 work. In the following year a school-house was erected in 
 the southeast corner of Clayton township, and a school was 
 
 26 
 
 maintained for several years. It was patronized by Lee, 
 Pea Ridge and the adjoining townships in Adams county. 
 The first school-house in Lee township was built on the 
 northwest quarter of section eighteen, about the year 1835, 
 and Thomas Smith taught the first school there. Some two 
 or three years later this house was moved to the southwest 
 quarter of section seventeen, and after its removal, Daniel 
 McCaskill and a Mr. Wells were among the first teachers. 
 The first school-houe at Mt. Pleasant was built about the 
 year 1840, and Daniel McCaskill also taught there. The 
 schools of this township were quite similar to those of other 
 parts of the county, but Lee township had the first school 
 in the county taught by a lady. 
 
 The fir.-t school to which the pioneers of P. a Ridge town- 
 ship had access was the one taught by Mrs. Howes in Lee 
 township. The school in the southeast corner of Clayton 
 township furnished the only school facilities for several 
 years. I am unable to state positively where the first school 
 in the township was taught, but think it probable that it 
 was in an old cabin on section fifteen, about the year 1837, 
 
 xeyxj-srssr^xr 
 
 John Flack being the teacher. The old school-house on the 
 northwest quarter of the southeast quarterof section thirty- 
 two was one of the first built in the township. It was used 
 as a place of meeting by the township trustees in July, 1839, 
 and must have been built ei.rly in that year, or in the pre- 
 ceding one. In the month of May, in the same year, the 
 trustees examined Joseph Peevehouse as to his qualifications 
 to teach school, and granted him a certificate ; he taught 
 one of the first schools In the house mentioned. There was 
 a house built, on the northeast quarter of section thirty-six, 
 for a church which was sometimes used for school purposes, 
 but the time of its erection is given by .some as 1834, while 
 others place it as late as 1842. The township was divided 
 into districts in 1838, and I think the record states that 
 there were four of them, in the entire township. The first 
 school-house built after the division into districts, was 
 intended to be in the center, but whether the geographical 
 center, or the center with reference to population, is not
 
 202 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 stated. In 1840 I find that Joseph Peevehouse, Miss Win- 
 field, Prudence Davis, Miss Diarborn and James M. Stock- 
 ton were teachers iu the public schools. At the meeting of 
 the trustees in January, 1841, funds were distributed on the 
 schedules of William Harrison and Daniel McCaskill, in 
 addition to those named above, and in July of the same 
 year, on the schedules of Prudence Davis, T. J. Baird, 
 Hugh D. Kiug, William Harrison, Daniel McCaskill and 
 James W. Singleton. The district known as the P. 11 school 
 district was organized in 1843, and the house was built 
 almost entirely by voluntary contribution ; and Harrison 
 Berry taught the first school in it. A house was built on 
 the southwest quarter of section twenty-six at an early date, 
 and a Mr. Boltinghouse taught the first school. Ezekiel 
 Mobley also taught in the same house. The early school 
 buildings of this township were of the primitive kind, but 
 those of recent date are in keeping with the age. 
 
 The first school in Missouri township was taught (in the 
 year 1833, ) by George W. Lester, in an old cabin, on the 
 south half of the northwest quarter of section twenty. 
 James Riley taught two schools in the same house soon 
 after, and in the winter of 1835-36 and summer of 1836, 
 Daniel McCaskill taught a school in a house on the north, 
 east quarter of section thirty. The first school-house built 
 in the township was situated near the center of section 
 twenty-nine and was probably built in 1837. It was of the 
 primitive style, except the floor, which was made of sawed 
 lumber. The first teacher in this house was Dr. U. H. 
 Baker, then came Thomas J. Baird and James \V. Single- 
 ton. The old house near the center of section eight was 
 built about the year 1839. Joseph Miller taught the first 
 school and was followed by a Mr. McDonald and Thomas J. 
 Baird. The old Liberty school-house on section fifteen was 
 built about 1847. Thomas J. Baird first taught there and 
 James F. Nardin followed him. Mr. X. was succeeded by 
 E. M. Spencer, the patriarch of the profession in that town- 
 ship. Mr. S. began in 1849 and has taught almost contin- 
 uously, till quite recently. With few exceptions his schools 
 have been in Missouri township, and, in one respect, his work 
 is without a parallel in this county. I refer to the fact of 
 his teaching one school for fifteen consecutive years. He was 
 one of the first teachers to leave the old methods, and has 
 made his mark in the educational work of the township. 
 
 The first school taught in Ripley was in the year 1836, the 
 school-house being a newly erected log structure which did 
 service for a number of years, but was finally pulled down 
 and used for fuel in burning stoneware. Miss Osborne, now 
 the widow Scripps, of Rushville, was the teacher. J. A. 
 Hawkins taught soon after and John Taylor, A. A. Glenn 
 and James D. McPherson were also among the early teach- 
 ers. About the year 1860 a new school -house was erected on 
 the north side of the town and used till the present house was 
 purchased, which was in 1879. The cost of the present 
 building, was about two thousand five hundred dollars. 
 There are commonly two teachers employed, and the school 
 is well attended. 
 
 Versailles, the oldest settled township in the county, was 
 not behind in devotion to education. The first school in this 
 
 township was taught in Cornelius Vandeventer's family by 
 John Lister. He was to give the children three lessons per 
 day, morning, noon and night and the remainder of his time 
 was to be employed in farm work. There are conflicting 
 statements as to the date of this school, but the weight of 
 evidence is in favor of the summer of 1831. The next school 
 in that vicinity was taught by Miss Hannah Burbank of Bos- 
 ton, Massachusetts. I am not able to certainly fix the date, 
 but it seems to have been in the winter of 1833-1834. Miss 
 Burbank taught several schools there and also taught first 
 in the school-house which was built in the fall and winter of 
 1835, the session being in the latter part of the winter. One 
 of the incidents which the old settlers relate concerning her' 
 school is, that Cornelius Vandeventer had domesticated 
 some wild geese, and one old gander took Miss Burbank 
 under his care, escorting her to school, where he would sit 
 on the steps till she started to her boarding place, when, 
 with many demonstrations of satisfaction, he would escort 
 her home, vigorously attacking any stray dog that came 
 near. In the fall of 1836 Samuel Weir, who taught the 
 first school in Mt. Sterling, began a three months' term, but 
 disagreeing with the patrons, quit when about half through. 
 The first school-house in the township was built on the 
 northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section eigh- 
 teen, but in the preceding year John Lister taught in an 
 old cabin near the same place. John Taylor probably 
 taught the first school in the school-house, and Lyman 
 Wright followed him. The first school in the town of Ver- 
 sailles is said to have been taught by Miss Burbank in 1837. 
 In 1838 or 1839 a log school-house was built near the north- 
 west corner of the east half of the southwest quarter of sec- 
 tion seventeen. Lyman Wright and a Mr. Gibbons were 
 among the first teachers, and in March, 1842, E. P. Bunce be- 
 gan teaching there, and has taught almost ever since, most of 
 the time in Brown county. In length of service he outranks 
 any other teacher in the county. This house was moved 
 into the town of Versailles about 1850 or 1851 and, after 
 doing services for school purposes a few years, it was con- 
 verted into a dwelling house. The first school-house built 
 in the town was the brick house in the east part of the town 
 and was probably built in 1853. It was used as a school- 
 house till the present house was erected in 1872, and was 
 then sold to the Catholic church. The present house and 
 grounds cost about sixteen thousand dollars and is a credit 
 to the town The school is now organized as a graded school, 
 of three departments, and during the past year, one hundred 
 and seventy-five pupils were in attendance. The school is in 
 charge of O. S. Wiley and is iu a flourishing condition. ' 
 
 The first school-house in Elkhorn township was probably 
 built iu the year 1838, on the northwest quarter of section 
 twenty-four. Samuel Weir lived in this township and 
 taught school in the east part of it, but the date or 
 locality cannot be positively ascertained. John Taylor 
 taught in the Reid school-house quite early, and in 1838 or 
 '39, Samuel Wiuslow taught a school, but the locality is un- 
 certain. The first school-house on the west side of the town- 
 ship, was built on the southwest quarter of the southeast 
 quarter of section seven, about the year 1840. John Clough
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 203 
 
 of Canterbury, New Hampshire, (aught the first school in it 
 and created some dissatisfaction by adhering to the six hour 
 system. Colburn's arithmetic was used in this school, 
 it being the only one that did not use Pike's 
 text book on that subject. Some years later Daniel Rogers 
 taught a school on section four, and in 1850 Thomas Scan- 
 land taught a school on section fifteen, the house burn- 
 ing down before the term had expired The first school- 
 house built in Buckhorn township was on the northeast 
 quarter of section twenty-eight. It was a log house, sixteen 
 feet square, and built in the ordinary way. In the winter 
 of 1839-40, Robsrt Rankin taught school there. He was an 
 old man, and died in that vicinity, in 18 11. Joseph Benson 
 tuight the next school there, and his father taught one or 
 two schools in the same house. It is said that another 
 brother taught there. In 1842 a house was built on the 
 southeast quarter of section eight, and in the winter of 1845 
 and '46, J. G. Philips taught there. A house used for 
 school purposes was built on the southeast quarter of section 
 thirty-six, but the date cannot bi a«3rta ined. 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
 
 BY REV. JAMES LEATON. 
 
 i HE history of Methodism in Schuyler 
 county begins with the history of the 
 county. Its first settlers were Metho- 
 dists. Calvin Hobart and his wife had 
 united with the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church in the State of Vermont; and, 
 bringing their religion with them in 
 February, 1823, established the first 
 Christian home in this portion of the 
 Military Tract. A. few months after their arrival, Rev 
 Levin Green, a local preacher from Missouri, settled in their 
 neighborhood, and in the month of November, 1823, in the 
 cabin of Mr. Hobart, delivered the first sermon ever preached 
 in the county. 
 
 Mr. Green was, in many respects, a remarkable man. A 
 native of the mountainous region of North Carolina, and 
 destitute of early educational advantages, he nevertheless 
 learned to read and write, and though possessed of only three 
 books, the Bible, Hymn-book, and Camp-meeting songs, his 
 diligent study of these, added to his iiative talent and piety, 
 made him a very acceptable and useful preacher. He had 
 traveled a circuit in Missouri as a supply under the presiding 
 elder before coming to Illinois, and during the years of his 
 residence here he was faithful in preaching the gospel when- 
 ever opportunity was afforded him In 1832, he returned 
 to Missouri He was a great oddity. Utterly indifferent 
 about his personal appearance, he would frequently appear 
 
 bare-legged and shoeless, wearing an old round crowned felt 
 hat with half the rim worn or torn off, and the other half 
 slouching down behind, and a coarse shirt stuck into the 
 waistband of an almost worn-out pair of deerskin broeches, 
 reaching but a little below the knee But despite his 
 uncouth appearance, his sermons were clear, comprehensive, 
 and appropriate, delivered in good language, yet mixed with 
 a plentiful sprinkling of backwoods phrases and witticisms, 
 giving an attractive raciness to his discourses, and rather 
 adding to, than detracting from their merits. He was purely 
 original, imitating no one. To those who looked at his 
 personal appearan je, his sermons were the subjects of admira- 
 tion and astonishment, and one of the most competent judges 
 of good preaching who heard him frequently, John Scripps, 
 was accustomed to style him '■ the Lord's pro ligy." 
 
 Amongst the settlers who rapidly occupied the country 
 were many who had been connected with the Methodist 
 church in their former homes, and in August, 1826, Rev. 
 Wm. See, who was then traveling the Peoria circuit, visited 
 the neighborhood and organized the first class in the cabin 
 of Mr. Hobart. The class consisted of twenty three mem- 
 bers, of whom Henry Green was appointed class leader, Wm. 
 Skiles, assistant leader, and Calvin Hobart, steward. In the 
 fall of 1826, the territory was transferred from the Peoria 
 to the Atlas circuit, of which William Medford was preacher 
 in charge, and Peter Cartwright, presiding elder. In 1827, 
 Samuel Bogart was appointed to the eircut, and during the 
 following summer the first extensive revival of religion in 
 the county occurred under the labors of Levin Green. 
 Nearly two hund ed persons were converted during this re- 
 vival, and a wonderful impulse was given by it to the cause 
 of Christ In 1828, Asa D. West was put in charge of the 
 circuit, which was divided at the next session of conference, 
 the northern half, including Schuyler county, being styled 
 the Spoon river circuit, to which Mr. West was again ap- 
 pointed preacher. During this conference year the first 
 society was formed in the town of Rushville. The class was 
 organized in a log cabin, owned and occupied by a Mr. 
 Black, which stood near the present residence of Dr. Leach. 
 Most of. the members, thirty-two in number, had been pre- 
 viously connected with a class-meeting at Samuel Lock's, 
 about a mile northwest of the town, and many of them were 
 the fruiti of the revival under Levin Green. 
 
 In 1830, James Bankstou was appointed to the circuit. 
 He traveled it only about four months. Whilst crossing a 
 stream on the ice, on his way to Mr. Hobart's, his horse fell 
 with him, and inflicted on him an injury from which he did 
 not recover. He was a native of Georgia, and the son of 
 pious parents who taught him to know the Scriptures from 
 his youth. When about fourteen, he embraced religion, and 
 it is said of him, that when he was converted, he sprang from 
 the mourner's bench, and at the top of his voice, shouted, 
 " Whoop-pa, hallelujah, Jesus, Jesus." Though his educa- 
 tional advantages were but limited in boyhood, he yet pos- 
 sessed an insatiable thirst for knowledge, and from the time 
 of his conversion applied himself to study with such diligence 
 that he became a respectable scholar, and before his death 
 acquired a good knowledge of the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew
 
 204 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 language.-, besides making considerable progress in tbe 
 sciences. It is related by one who was present when he 
 made his first attempt to preach, that soon after taking his 
 text, his embarrassment quite overcame him. He stopped 
 short, sat down in the pulpit, and crossing his legs, shook as 
 if he had the ague. There was, however, that in him that 
 was not to be discouraged or broken down, He became a 
 polished arrow in the gospel quiver, a burning and shining 
 light in the Methodist church, and when he died he had few 
 equals as a preacher in the Illinois conference. 
 
 After the accident to Mr. Bankston which resulted in his 
 death, the presiding elder employed Barton Randle, then a 
 young man, and just commencing his itinerant career, to 
 travel the circuit for the remainder of the year. In the 
 early part of the year, the place of preaching in Rushville 
 had been removed from the cabin of Mr. Black to that of 
 Mr. Bryant, near the southwest oorner-of- the square, and 
 during the summer of 1831 the church was greatly strength- 
 ened by the accession of Rev. John Scripps and family, who 
 removed from Cape Girardeau county, Missouri. Mr. Scripps 
 had been for many years a traveling preacher in connection 
 with the Tennessee and Missouri conferences, and had been 
 one of the gospel pioneers in a large portion of Southern In- 
 diana, Illinois, and Missouri. But his health having failed 
 he had taken a superannuated relation to the conference, 
 and embarked in the mercantile business. Unwilling, how- 
 ever, to bring up his children under the influence of slavery, 
 he sought a home in a free State, and finally settled at Rush- 
 ville. He was a man of vigorous and well cultivated intel- 
 lect, and was possessed of a wide and varied knowledge of 
 men and books. As Dr. Stevenson has truly said, " To no 
 one person was society in all its departments in the early 
 days of Rushville more indebted than to him. In fact, the 
 influence of his vigorous intellect, and his strong, manly, and 
 harmoniously developed Christian character may be seen till 
 this day. The coming of such a man and Christian minister 
 into the young society at Rushville was hailed as a provi- 
 dence ; God's hand was seen and recognized in it. His long 
 experience in the itinerancy, his intimate acquaintance with 
 the workings of Methodism, his personal acquaintance with 
 the ministry, and his influence with the bishops, pre-eminently 
 fitted him for a counselor and leader in the young society. 
 How much he loved, how wisely he planned, and how well 
 he built is attested by the permanent and efficient character 
 of the church to-day." 
 
 In 1831, David B. Carter was appointed to the charge. 
 The year was a very successful one, and the church under 
 his faithful labors grew rapidly in numbers, wealth, and in- 
 fluence. The membership increased this year from two 
 hundred and ninety-six to four hundred and one. In the 
 spring of 1832 the first Sabbath-school in Rushville was 
 organized, being the second established in the county, the 
 first having been started in the Sparks neighborhood, with 
 David Manlove as superintendent. This was held in a frame 
 building, then standing near the northeast corner of the 
 square in Rushville. P. P. Ne-vcomb was its first superin- 
 tendent during the summer. The place for public worship 
 was again removed from the cabin of Mr. Bryant to this 
 
 room, which, though it had no pulpit, but a chair, and no 
 seats except some loose puncheons laid upon blocks, was yet 
 an advance on the places previously occupied both in com- 
 fort and capacity. Here the society continued to worship 
 until the close of the conference year, 1832, then the room 
 having become too small to accommodate the congregation, 
 Mr. Scripps invited the society to worship in his own private 
 residence, offering at his own expense to furnish good seats 
 for the congregation. These were the first seats with backs 
 used by any denomination in Rushville. Services were held 
 there regularly three times a week, preaching, class- meet- 
 ing, and prayer-meeting. When there was not preaching 
 by the regular pastor, Mr. Scripps himself would occupy 
 the pulpit. During the pastorate of Mr. Carter, there were 
 added to the church by letter several persons who greatly 
 strengthened the society. Amongst them were George Baker, 
 and wife from Jackson, Missouri, and* Josiah Parrott, and 
 wife from Kentucky. 
 
 At the session of conference in 1832, the Spoon river cir- 
 cuit was divided into the Canton and Rushville circuits — 
 Schuyler county being included in the latter. The preacher 
 was Henry Summers, who reported at the close of the year 
 a membership of 316. The next year, 1833, two preachers 
 were sent to the charge, Thomas N. Ralston and Peter Borein. 
 They were both men of more than ordinary ability, and both 
 became eminently useful in the church. An arrangement 
 was entered into by which Mr. Ralston should preach most 
 of the time in town, and Mr. Borein on the circuit. Early 
 in February, 1834, some of the leading members of the 
 church, with the preachers, determined to hold a two weeks' 
 meeting, and invited Rev. W. C. Stribling, a located mem- 
 ber of the Kentucky conference, and a man of wonderful 
 pulpit power, and equally noted conversational eccentricities, 
 to come over from Jacksonville and assist in the meeting. 
 But before this the residence of Mr. Scripps having become 
 too small to accommodate the congregations, the public ser- 
 vices were removed to what had been a wareroom near the 
 northeast corner of the square, but which had been fitted up 
 as a school-room. But this was soon found to be too small, 
 and permission was obtained of the sheriff to occupy the 
 court-house as a place of worship. The house itself being 
 not yet completed, there being only the walls, floor and roof, 
 the memters of the church fitted it up at an expense of one 
 hundred dollars, and immediately commenced a protracted 
 meeting. But as soon as this began, some of the other de- 
 nominations claimed the right to an equal occupancy of the 
 house as a public building, so that the Methodists were again 
 compelled to remove. Mr. Scripps tendered them the use of 
 a large upper room over a new storehouse which he had 
 built on the east side of the square. His offer was accepted, 
 the fixtures from the court-house were transferred to the new 
 building, the protracted meeting was resumed, and continued 
 for over two months, resulting in a powerful revival of re- 
 ligion in which nearly a hundred souls were converted. One 
 of the first converts was Dr. Duulap, who is still living in 
 the neighborhood. Among the incidents of the revival was 
 the following : There was living in Rushville at the time a 
 Dr. Cossett, an eminent physician, past middle age, who,
 
 HISTORY OF SCdUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 205 
 
 though an avowed skeptic as to Christianity, was yet a reg- 
 ular attendant at church. He had been in the habit for 
 many years of indulging in his daily dreams, though he never 
 drank so as to disqualify him for his professional duties. His 
 little daughter, perhaps eight or nine years old, professed 
 conversion. She instantly rose from her seat — her counte 
 nance shining as did that of Stephen — and rushed to the 
 bosom of her father. When the invitation for members was 
 given she came forward among others to join the church. 
 As soon as the singing ceased, the doctor arose and spoke sub- 
 stantially as follows: "I have been a skeptic all my life till 
 now. I know but little about the Bible. My little daughter, 
 since she has been attending your Sunday-school, has taught 
 me more about it than I ever knew before I am now con- 
 vinced that your religion is a reality. I know that my 
 daughter is no hypocrite. I am resolved to change my life. 
 I know not how to pray as these good brethren can pray. I ask 
 you all to pray for me, and if you can receive such an old, 
 wretched sinner, I wish to join the church with my little 
 daughter." The audience was electrified. Saint and sinner 
 alike wept. He was admitted and welcomed with universal 
 acclamation. In about a month afterwards he was taken 
 severely ill. His physician advised him to take some wine, 
 brandy or other stimulant, but he replied. " No ; I promised 
 God when I joined the church never to touch or taste it 
 again. I am ready to die, but not to break my promise." 
 A few days afterwards he died in peaceful triumph. The 
 revival spread over the circuit, and the membership was so 
 largely increased that 544 members were reported to con- 
 ference. 
 
 At the session of 1834 the town of Rushville was separated 
 from the circuit and made a station. Mr. Ralston was its 
 first stationed preacher. But in the early summer the chol- 
 era broke out, some twenty dying in ten days, and Mr. Ral- 
 ston, whose health was poor, thought it not best to remain, 
 and removed to Kentucky, to which conference he was af- 
 terwards transferred. The presiding elder employed Richard 
 Haney for the remainder of the year. A camp-meeting was 
 held during the summer at which some fifty souls were con- 
 verted, and the preacher reported at the close of the year a 
 membership of 150. 
 
 His successor was W. D. R. Trotter, a son-in-law of Peter 
 Cartwright, and a man of fine natural ability and superior 
 education. He had been educated for a lawyer, but had 
 exchanged the law for the Gospel. During this year the 
 new church was completed so that the upper room could be 
 used for worship, and at the close of the year the Illinois 
 conference held its annual session in it, the only time it has 
 ever been held in Rushville. The session, owing to several 
 trials and appeals, was unusually protracted, continuing from 
 Wednesday, October 5th, to Friday, the 14th. Forty-four 
 new preachers were received into the conference by transfer, 
 rea Imission and on trial. Amongst the latter there were 
 from Schuyler county the brothers Chauncey and Norris 
 Hobart, the former of whom has long occupied some of the 
 most prominent positions in the church, and who has the 
 honor of being regarded as the father of Methodism in Min- 
 nesota. Warner Oliver, now a lawyer in -California ; Chris- 
 
 topher J. Houts, who died recently in the Southern Illinois 
 Conference ; John P. Richmond, some time missionary to 
 Oregon, and afterwards a member of the State Senate ; and 
 William H. Taylor, who c>rae to the county with the fam- 
 ily of Mr. Hobart, and who was the first person licensed to 
 preach in Schuyler county, and who, after a long life of 
 honor and usefulness, died at Mt. Vernon in 1872. 
 
 Mr. Trotter was succeeded by Wm. H. Windsor, who re" 
 mained two years. Under his pastorate the membership 
 increased to 173. His successor was John Van Cleve, who 
 also remained two years, and during whose administration 
 the society suffered heavy loss from emigration. He reported 
 only 105 members. Under the labors of Norris Hobart, who 
 was appointed pastor in 1840, the church was largely in- 
 creased in membership, there being a gain of 90 in a si ngle year. 
 Many of them, however, were seekers of religion, a number 
 of whom were converted the next year under the labors of 
 Chauncey Hobart, the twin brother and successor of Norris 
 in the pastorate; yet many of them were discontinued and 
 saveral of the msoibers rercnved by letter, so that there was 
 on the whole during the year a slight decrease in numbers. 
 
 In 1842, George Rutledge was appointed pastor. He was 
 a good preacher, a faithful pastor, and a devout Christian. 
 For the two following years, N. P. Cunningham was in 
 charge It detracts nothing from the merit of others to say 
 that Mr. Cunningham was one of the best preachers ever 
 stationed at Rushville. He died at Paris in 1847. The next 
 year the pulpit was filled by Wm. Cliffe, an Englishman — a 
 good preacher and a superior pastor. In 1846 Geo. Rutledge 
 was again appointed pastor ; but, his health failing, he re- 
 mained only ab tut nine months, the remainder of the year 
 the pulpit being supplied by John Scripps. 
 
 The next pastor was Robert E. Guthrie, who remained 
 only one year. From the Conference of 1848 Wm. S. Crissey 
 was appointed to the charge; but as his circumstances were 
 such that he could not leave Decatur, where he resided, 
 John Scripps, who was always ready to fill every gap, was 
 again appointed as the supply, and during the whole year 
 served the church with great acceptability. 
 
 In 1849 Wm. W. Mitchell became the pastor. He was a 
 man of fine personal appearance, of genial disposition, very 
 conscientious, yet of such decision of mini and character, 
 that in the administration of discipline he sometimes seemed 
 to be tyrannical. From the close of the conference year of 
 1841 there had been a steady decrease in the membership, 
 so that at the beginning of Mr. Mitchell's term there were 
 only 113 members and probationers. But about this time 
 the tide seemed to turn ; and though during his pastorate 
 several of the leading members withdrew from the church, 
 he reported an increase of twenty-three ; and from this time 
 until the present there has been a steady growth in numbers, 
 and in all the elements of power 
 
 .la Mir- N. Dickens was pastor in 1850. He is now on the 
 superannuated list, but when in his prime he was one of the 
 most successful defenders of the faith in the conference. His 
 year in Rushville was a year of trial, of controversy, but of 
 success. The next year the charge was left to be supplied, 
 and the presiding elder employed A. C- McDonald, then a
 
 206 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 young man, but who afterwards rose to prominence in the 
 church, having become President of Shaw University in 
 Mississippi. He was succeeded by Joseph Montgomery, who 
 had just been transferred from the Pittsburg conference; and 
 he in 1853 by Daniel H. Hatton. 
 
 The next year James I. Davidson was appointed pastor. 
 He served two years. He was an Englishman by birth — a 
 man of fine personal appearance, with brilliant imagination, 
 and a wonderful command of language, attracting great 
 crowds to his ministry. He died in Decatur in 1870. Dur- 
 ing his pastorate there were many important additions to the 
 church, the membership increasing to 227. There had come 
 to Rushville some years before a number of families who 
 had in the east been members of the Methodist Protest- 
 ant Church. Among them were the Wilsons, Clarkes, 
 Greers, Beatties, Goodwins, Johnsons, Hoskinsous, and 
 others. These had formed a society, built a neat church, 
 and had been supplied with pastors by that church. But 
 chiefly through the influence of Rev. John Clark, who had 
 for many years been a leading minister amongst them, and 
 had been president of one of their conferences, — who saw 
 that the town was too small to support two churches so 
 nearly alike in doctrine and discipline, they abandoned j 
 their own organization and united with the Methodist Epis- I 
 copal Church, of which many of them continue to this day 
 among its most excellent and useful members. 
 
 Mr. Davidson was succeeded in the pastorate by Vincent 
 Ridgely, who served the church two years, and afterward* 
 withdrew from the ministry and the church. His successor 
 was W. N. N. Moore, who remained but one year. In 1859 
 W. D. Lemon was appointed pastor. He remained two 
 years, during which there was an increase of eighty in the 
 membership. Emmor Elliott was his successor, a good 
 preacher and a devout Christian. He remained but one 
 year, and was killed in 1866 whilst presiding elder of the 
 Griggsville district, by being thrown from his buggy. 
 
 The subsequent preachers have been James Shaw, who 
 remained two years ; G R. S. McElfresh, who served the 
 church three years, and under whose administration the 
 parsonage was built, and the present commodious and beau- 
 tiful church erected ; A. S. McCoy, two years ; W. J. Rut- 
 ledge, two years ; J. C. Rucker, H. O. Hoffman, one year 
 each ; T. A. Parker, two years ; J. B. Wolfe, three years ; 
 Wm. Stevenson, two years, in whose pastorate the semi-cen- 
 tennial of Methodism in Schuyler county wa3 celebrated 
 with appropriate and interesting exercises ; Dr. G. W. 
 Gray, who served one year, and under whose labors an ex- 
 tensive revival of religion occurred and many young people 
 were brought into the church; and the present pastor,' 
 James Leaton, who received his appointment at the confer- 
 ence of 1881. The membership now is 279 ; and it is safe 
 to say of them, that for intelligence, fidelity in attendance 
 on the means of grace, liberality, and genuine Methodism, 
 they are equaled by few churches in the conference and sur- 
 passed by fewer still. 
 
 An important adjunct of the church is the Sunday-school. 
 During the fifty years of its existence, John Scripps was 
 superintendent seventeen years ; and G. W. Scripps, his 
 
 nephew, thirty-two years— a fact almost unparalleled in Sun- 
 day-school history. Its present efficient superintendent is 
 Owen Jackson, and the average attendance of teachers and 
 scholars over two hundred. 
 
 Rushville Circuit. — At the time the town was set off as a 
 station, the Rushville circuit mbraced all of Schuyler and 
 Brown counties, the south p t of Fulton, and a corner of 
 Hancock. But in 1835 the appointments in Hancock and 
 Brown counties were cut off nd formed into Pulaski circuit. 
 In 1841 the north part cf the circuit was cut off and at- 
 tached to the Marietta charge. In 1853 the circuit itself 
 was abolished, the appointments being divided between Lit- 
 tleton, Astoria, and Ripley ; but in 1858 the Rushville cir- 
 cuit again appears, but with greatly diminished territory, 
 being confined mostly to the south-eastern portion of the 
 county, which, with slight changes, has composed the circuit 
 to the present time. Its appointments now are : — Ebenezer, 
 Parrott's S. H., Oakland, Sugar Grove, Pleasant View, Fred- 
 eric, and Lung's S. H. The parsonage is in Rushville. 
 There are four churches, and a membership of 235. The 
 present pastor is Rev. D. P. Lyon. 
 
 I/ittleton Circuit. — This circuit was formed in 1853, and 
 has continued to the pres°nt time. It embraces the north- 
 west portion of the county, with five appointments, three 
 churches and 234 members and probationers. The head of 
 the circuit is Littleton, where there is a fair parsonage, and 
 a respectable brick church, being the second built by the 
 society. In 1852 a brick church was erected at a cost of 
 $1250, and dedicated by Rev. W. C. Stribling. Three years 
 afterwards it was entirely destroyed by a tornado. But the 
 next year (1857), the society erected a better one, at a cost 
 of $2500, in which they still worship, and where many souls 
 have been brought to the Saviour. Rev. W. F. Lowe is the 
 present preacher in charge. 
 
 Camden Circuit. — This charge covers the southwest cor- 
 ner of the county, including the towns of Camden, Hunts- 
 ville and Brooklyn, and some country appointments. The 
 circuit was constituted in 1869, with Greenbury Garner as 
 preacher. Like Littleton, it has suffered from the effects of 
 a tornado. In the fall of 1881 the church in Camden was 
 entirely destroyed and the parsonage greatly injured. But 
 by the energy of the society and the help of the rest of the 
 county, the church has been rebuilt, and was dedicated by 
 the pastor, Rev. N. H. Kane, in June, 1882. There are in 
 this circuit four churches and 261 members. 
 
 Astoria Circuit. — The village of Ray and some appoint- 
 ments in the northeast part of the county are connected 
 with the Astoria circuit, the most of which is in Fulton 
 county. 
 
 The present (1882) statistics of Methodism in Schuyler 
 
 county are as follows: 1050 members and probationers, 8 
 
 local preachers, 13 churches, the estimated value of which 
 
 is $30,300 ; 4 parsonages, worth $3700, with about 1050 
 
 1 scholars in the Sunday-schools.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 207 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH SOUTH. 
 
 BY JOHN S STUTSMAN. 
 
 This Church organization is the outgrowth of the Christian 
 Union Church In giving a history of this church it is very 
 necessary, to relate some of the causes that gave rise or led 
 to its organization in Schuyler County. Especially is this 
 Decessary, as there are some persons that seem to be at a losr- 
 to know why there are two Methodist Churches in the coun- 
 ty. For some years before and during the war, many minis- 
 ters and Churches assumed a political attitude, and took 
 sides in political partisanship. Public exercises professedly 
 religious, were frequently interspersed with, what many be- 
 lieved to be an unscriptural agitation of political questions 
 Professed ministers of the gospel often taught lessons that 
 did not accord with the gospel of peace, as understood by 
 many good men. The declarations and sayings of many 
 church members, and some ministers, concerning those whose 
 political opinions and ideas of loyalty did not accord with 
 their own, was characterized by such language of intolerant 
 malice as made the ordinary mind yet retaining self-control 
 grow sick, showing plainly a want of that Christian spirit 
 and charity that should control the feelings and actions ot 
 all professed Christians, ignoring the fact that honest differ- 
 ences of opinions may exist between loyal and patriotic men 
 as to the policies and measures to be pursued by the govern- 
 ment in any emergency. Just before and during the war, 
 some ministers professing to be called to preach the gospel 
 of peace, so far forgot or ignored their high calling, as to 
 step aside into the cesspool of political agitation and deliver 
 political harangues from the stump, and not unfrequently 
 from the sacred desk was heard things pertaining to state 
 affairs, thus making their time and talents to subserve the \ 
 interests of their political party, to the shameful neglect of : 
 the interests of immortal souls. Those things became 
 grievous to those that believed the doctrine of the cross 
 should be held inviolate and should never- be mixed with 
 worldly politics. Under these circumstances many truly 
 pious persons, and a few ministers, in the State of Ulnois, 
 persons who believed with Mr. Burk that no sound ought to 
 be heard in the church but the voice of healing charity, 
 left off attending church, where they were constantly ex- ' 
 posed to the chances of having their honest convictions de- , 
 nounced, their motives impugned, and their blood stirred by 
 insulting insinuations. They felt sorely grieved, and were 
 deeply distressed, being compelled to live without the means 
 of grace. They hung their harps as it were upon the wil- 
 lows, and longed for the privileges of God's house without 
 being disturbed by any of the behests of political parties 
 and for the Gospel of the Prince of Peace unmixed 
 with political fanaticism. A number of these dissatisfied 
 Christians in different parts of the state organized under the 
 name of Christian Union Church some as early as the year 
 186 f, the Methodist element largely predominating. In the 
 year 1866 some of the citizens of Schuyler county and men 
 too whose loyalty and patriotism could not be questioned by 
 any one, took the necessary steps to organize the Christian 
 
 Union Church in Schuyler county. The first society was 
 organized at Kinderhook School-house, in Rushville Town- 
 ship, January the 1st, a. d. 1867, or near that time by Rev. 
 Rumsey Smithson, with ten members. The next society 
 was organized January the 17th, a. d. 1867, at Sugar Grove 
 in Woodstock township, by Rev. D. T. Sherman Superin- 
 tendent of the Springfield district of the Christian Union 
 Church, with four members. On April the '20th, a. d. 1867, 
 the Rushville circuit of the Christian Union Church was 
 organized, and the first quarterly council was held at Kin- 
 derhook school house. At a council of the Christian lYioh 
 Churches of Illinois held at the city of Clinton in June A. 
 d. 1867, it was resolved to change tho style and title of said 
 church, to that of Episcopal Methodist Church, Illinois 
 conference, and to embrace with its boundary the State of 
 Illinois, and said council further resolved to receive and 
 adopt the doctrines and discipline of the Methodist Episco- 
 pal Church South, as the doctrines of said Episcopal Metho- 
 dist Church. Bishops Marvin and Doggett of the Metho- 
 dist Episcopal Church South, according to previous request 
 visited this council, after the above resolutions wr re adopted, 
 and received said Church into the communion and under 
 the jurisdiction of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. 
 In August a. d. 1868 a society was organized at Rush- 
 ville with five or six members, by Rev. William R. Howard, 
 Presiding Elder of the Springfield District. In February 
 a. d. 1869 Rev. Rumsey Smithson assisted by Rev. D. J. 
 Snow who supplied Rushville circuit f>r a short time as 
 preacher in charge, held a series of meetings in Rushville 
 which resulted in a gracious revival of religion. Quite a 
 number were converted and fifty-five names added to the 
 church. In the latter part of the year a. d. 1869 Rev. W. 
 B. Johnsey organized a Society at Hale's Ridge School 
 House, with seven members. He also organized a society 
 about the same time at the Davis' School House, with eight 
 members During the two years that Rev. W. B. Johnsey 
 served as preacher in charge, Rushville circuit was blessed 
 with a good degree of prosperity. In January A. d. 1871 
 Rev. W. B. Johnsey organized a society at Ward's School 
 House with twenty-six members ; this society has been very 
 prosperous and have built a good church house and changed 
 the name of the place to Mount Carmel. Some time about 
 the years 1871 or 1872 Rev. R. P. Holt organized a society 
 at Bethel School House, which seemed to prosper for a while, 
 until the members by removal, emigration and otherwise be- 
 came scattered, and the appointment was discontinued for 
 two or three years, but recently has been revived and at 
 present is one of the appointments of the circuit. In the 
 year A. d. 1874 Rev. W. B- Beagle organized a society at 
 the McGowen School House with seven or eight members, 
 which has increased till at present it numbers some 
 twenty members, and is still one of the appointments 
 of the circuit. The Illinois Annual Conference of the Metho- 
 dist Episcopal Church was held at Rushville, September 
 the 4th, a. d. 1872, Bishop Enoch M. Marvin presiding 
 who expressed great satisfaction with the status and growth 
 of the conference, it being only about five years since he was 
 present and assisted in receiving it into the jurisdiction of
 
 208 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 the M. E. Church South. The present conference year 1881 
 and 1882, under the ministry of Rev. Joseph Metcalf and 
 Rev. S. A. Cecil, has been one of markid success and pros- 
 perity for Rushville Circuit. Nearly all of the appointments 
 have been blessed with gracious revivals of religion, and one 
 hundred and sixty-five members have been added to the 
 church during the year The most noted of the revivals was 
 at Sugar Grove, wherethrough the untiring efforts and labors 
 of S. A. Cecil, the membership was increased from eight to 
 eighty-five members Two new church houses have been 
 built during the year, one at Davis' School House named 
 Union Chapel, and one at Bethel. Rushville circuit has 
 grown till at present it requires two preachers to give every 
 two weeks preaching at all of the appointments. There is 
 at present about two hundred and seventy-five or three hun- 
 dred members on the circuit with eight regular preaching 
 appointments. The society has four good church houses, 
 and four good Sunday Schools in a prosperous condition, 
 with three hundred and sixty-five scholars attending. Du- 
 ring the first years of this church organization in Schuyler 
 County it received some very strong opposition, especially 
 from the Methodist Episcopal Church, but since the Cape 
 May Conference where the two churches were represented, 
 and where they agreed upon an amicable settlement of their 
 church difficulties, there has been a more fraternal feeling 
 between the two churches. The members seem disposed to 
 treat each other as Christian brethren, which is truly grati- 
 fying to all lovers of Christianity, and we trust is another 
 grand step in the great work of spreading scriptural holi- 
 ness over the land, and the upbuilding of Christ's Kingdom^ 
 We append a list of the Presiding Elders and Circuit 
 Preachers that have served Rushville Circuit each year from 
 the first Organization, up to the present time a. d. 1882. 
 
 Year Fresiding E dert. 
 
 1867 D. T. Sherman. 
 
 1868 W. R. Howard. 
 
 1869 R. Smithson. 
 
 1870 R. Smithson. 
 
 1871 S. J. Catlin. 
 
 1872 M. R. Jones. 
 
 1873 J. H. Harris. 
 
 1874 T. F. Rogers. 
 
 1875 T. B. Harben. 
 
 1876 T. B. Harben. 
 
 1877 R. F. Hays. 
 
 1878 S. J. Catlin. 
 
 1879 G. W. Gillmore. 
 
 1880 C. C. Mayhew. 
 188J C. C. Mavhew. 
 
 Circuit Prtachers 
 
 George M. Effinger. 
 W. D. Cox. 
 D. J. Snow, supply. 
 W. B. Johnsey. 
 W. B. Johnsey. 
 John A. Beagle. 
 Enoch Harper. 
 W. B. Beagle. 
 T. M. Prickett. 
 J. A. Greening. 
 J. A. Greening. 
 A. Merrill. 
 N. A. Auld. 
 
 (N.A.Auld&W. A. Cross.) 
 ( Jos. Metcalf & S. A. Cecil.) 
 
 THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 BY SAMUEL C. PALMER. 
 
 There are at the date of this writing (July 1882) six 
 Presbyterian churches in Schuyler county, with an aggre- 
 gate membership of 420 souls. They are located as follows : 
 Rushville, 220 members ; Huntsville, 45 members; Brooklyn 
 65 members ; Doddsville, 60 members ; Oak Valley, 21 mem- 
 bers ; Birmingham, 10 members. 
 
 The first Presbyterian church of Rushville, was organized 
 Jan 31, 1830, in a store room, owned by Mr. Thomas W. 
 Scott on the north side of the public square. The clergymen 
 who were active in securing this organization were Rev. 
 Cyrus L. Watson, and Rev. J. M. Ellis. Its original mem- 
 bers were, Wm. Blair, Thomas Blair, Margaret Blair, 
 Sarah Blair, Hugh McCreery, Sarah McCreery, Matthew 
 McCreery, Jane McCreery, Margaret McCreery, Sarah Mc- 
 Creery, Wm. Moore and Jane Moore. Of this number 
 Thomas Blair and William Moore were ch< sen ruling 
 elders. Rev. C. L. Watson ministered to the church as a 
 stated supply until Sept. 1835, at which time there were 
 sixty members enrolled, and the session increased to five 
 members, viz: Daniel Watson, John Young, David S. Tay- 
 lor, William Blair and Robert A. Russell. 
 
 Mr. John Young, one of these early elders, organized and 
 superintended the first Sabbath-school of Rushville, and 
 probably the first in the county, in the log court-house, 
 which stood upon the ground where the present Elder R. H 
 Griffith is erecting his new hardware store. During 
 this early period (1830 1837) the congregation met for 
 worship in school-houses, private houses, vacant rooms at 
 the court-house, and sometimes in the bar room of the hotel. 
 One of these early pioneers, Mrs. Sarah Young, relates that 
 she distinctly remembers meeting in the bar room of the tav. 
 ern, — then s anding on the northeast corner of the square — 
 where the Sacrament oj the Lord's Supper was solemnly cel- 
 ebrated, which the little company of faithful believers 
 greatly enjoyed — " Where t *o or three are gathered together 
 in my name, there am I in tin midst of them. " In May 
 1836, Rev. Samuel Wilson was engaged to serve the church 
 as stated supply. In Aprilof 1837 a'i effort was made to ex- 
 tend to him a call to become the settled pastor of the church. 
 The first ballot showed only a majority of one, and the last 
 ballot only a majority of five in favor of the pastoral rela- 
 tion being consummated. Mr. Wilson consequently declined 
 the call, but upon the united invitation to continue as stated 
 supply, he remained until 1838. In 1837 the Presbyterian 
 church in the United States divided into the two branches 
 known as Old and New School, which unfortunately di- 
 vided many local churches. Mr. Wilson took his stand 
 with the old school party, taking with him a minority of the 
 Rushville congregation. The attempt to maintain two sep- 
 arate Presbyterian organizations, did not prove to be a suc- 
 cess, and so in a few years we find the family happily re-uni- 
 ted and worshipping under one roof. Between 1840-1850, 
 which embraces all the years of the old and new school so far 
 as Rushville is concerned, there labored in one or the 
 other branch of the church, the following named ministers: 
 Rev. Breese, Rev. Alfred Carrington, Rev. J. T. Tucker, 
 Rev. Henry Bergen, Rev. J. Haswell, and Rev. L. P. Kim- 
 all. Ofthesebrethren, Revs. Carrington, Haswell and Kim- 
 ball died during the ten years, and their graves are in the 
 Rushville Cemetery. 
 
 The first Settled Pastor of this church was Rev. Alex. B. 
 Campbell who came in Sept. 1850, and after serving one year 
 as a supply was installed in Oct. 1851, with the munificent 
 salary 'of $400 pledged for his support. He continued to
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 209 
 
 sustain this relation until April 1835, when he removed to 
 Mendon, III. Mr. Campbell's pastorate was a prosperous 
 one, quite a large number being added to the church mem- 
 bership. In the year 1856 the pulpit was supplied by Rev. 
 J. Fowler, son-in-law of Rev. A. P. Brown a resident Pres- 
 byterian minister, in ill health, and whose widow at her 
 death showed her love for the church by leaving a legacy 
 for the Sabbath-school. In January 1857, Rev. S. E. Wis- 
 hard was invited to supply the pulpit, which invitation he 
 accepted, and in the following November, by a rising and 
 unanimous vote he was called to become its second pastor, 
 being installed in December. This pastorate continued for 
 about three years, and was marked by earnest work and 
 great prosperity, the membership being increased from 
 eighty-two to one hundred and sixiy-six. Following the 
 prosperous pastorate of Mr. Wishard, the church was sup- 
 plied one year by Itev. J. L. Jones, and two years by Rev. 
 J. L. Whittemore. The times were troublous, and each 
 served but a little while. In October 1864, Rev. T. S. 
 Reeve was invited to supply the pulpit, which invitation he 
 promptly accepted. The winter following was one of marked 
 interest in the church, over thirty persons being added to its 
 roll. He declined an invitation to serve the second year 
 and so in 1865 the pulpit was again vacant. In the same 
 year the church sustained a severe loss in the death of two 
 ruling elders, -J. L. Anderson and Samuel Hindman, the 
 latter having served the church as elder for twenty-nine years. 
 The church was occasionally supplied with preaching, by 
 Rev. Ira M. Weed until 1866, when Rev. R. C. Swinton 
 became the regular supply. In 1869 he became disabled by 
 ill health, and was succeeded by Rev. W. C. Burchard. The 
 three succeeding years of Mr. B's ministry were marked by 
 internal harmony and great success. But on account of 
 the ill health of Mrs. B., he was obliged to relinquish his 
 charge in 1872. In Jan. 1873, Rev. J. A. Pinze was called 
 to the pastorate of the church, and was installed in the fol- 
 lowing May, being the third pastor over this much served 
 flock. He continued in this capacity until the fall of 1880, 
 making the longest pastorate ever enjoyed by this church. 
 This too was a period of harmony, growth and prosperity. 
 It was during his ministry that the congregation erected 
 the present beautiful and commodious house of worship, 
 in many respects a model for convenience and utility. The 
 corner-stone of the house (which is of brick) was laid with 
 appropriate, ceremonies on Monday, August 23, 1875, and 
 although the times was marked by financial stringency 
 all over the country, the house were pushed to its present 
 state of completion as rapidly as possible, at a cost of $15, 
 000- The first religious services were held in the Sabbath- 
 school and lecture room in March 1877. It is no dispar- 
 agement to the others who aided in this worthy enterprise to 
 record the fact that not a little of this success was due to 
 the indefatigable labors of elder L. R. Caldwell, who has 
 so recently entered into his rest and reward. In Jan. 1881, 
 Rev. Daniel W. Evans was called to the pastorate of the 
 church, but was never installed, as the Master whom he 
 loved and served, called him into the church triumphant 
 in December of the same year- In May 1882, Rev Samuel 
 27 
 
 C. Palmer came to this church in answer to a hearty and 
 unanimous call which had been extended to him in March 
 preceding. The names of the Elders who have served the 
 church since its organization are as follows ; viz : Thomas 
 Blair, William Moore, David Watson, John Young, David 
 S. Taylor, William Blair, Robert A. Russell, Samuel Hind- 
 man, James L. Anderson, David V. Dawely O. M. Hoag- 
 land, William E. Withrow, William Perkins, John Mc- 
 
 Creery, Peter H. Holm King, William K. Young, 
 
 R. H. Griffith, William Speed, Thomas H. Matthews, 
 Augustus Warren, George G. Clark, A. J. Byrns, J. M. 
 Coyner, John Putnam, Louis R. Caldwell, Louis D. Er*in 
 and Hershal B Roach. The session as constituted at present 
 is composed of the following brethren: R. H Griffith, Wm. 
 Speed, Augustus Warren, A. J. Byrns, H. B. Roach* and 
 L. D. Irwin. The history of Presbyterianisra in Schuyler 
 county should include also that of the Cumberland Presby- 
 terian church, being another branch of the same family. 
 Their only organization in the county was effected in 
 Rushville in 1834, four years later than the other church, 
 whose history is briefly outlined above, in a brick school- 
 house on the lot where the Christian church now stands. Its 
 original members were Micaiah Warren, Mary Warren, 
 David S. Taylor, Sarah Taylor,. Renseller Wells, Esther 
 Wells, Abraham Tolles, Harriet Tolles, John B. Moffitt, 
 Polly Ann Moffitt, Willis M. Chapman, Elizabeth Chapman, 
 Sarah Durant, Francis Heminway and Willis Carson. Of 
 these David Taylor and Micaiah Warren were elected Ru- 
 ling Elders. Rev. J. C. Jewel became their pastor in the 
 same year, and they proceeded at once to build a house of 
 worship. The year 1834 is memorable as the cholera year, 
 and Itev. Mr. Jewel became one of its victims and died, but 
 not until the new building was enclosed, so that his funeral 
 sermon was preached in it by Rev. J. M. Berry. Losing 
 severely by deaths and removals, they became too weak to 
 support a minister, and soon suspended this separate service. 
 At length they sold their building, and, like the old school 
 Presbyterian*, identified themselves with the First Presby. 
 terian Church of Rushville, contributing to it some of its 
 most esteemed and useful members. 
 
 The Presbyterian organization at Doddsville is the next 
 in chronological order. The village of Doddsville is divided 
 by the county line of Schuyler and McDonough and the 
 church was organized and the gospel preached for thirty- 
 three years on the Schuyler side of the line. In 1876 a new 
 meeting house was erected at a cost of $3200, which stands 
 upon the McDonough side of the line. The church was 
 organized July 29, 1843, at the house of Andrew Walker, 
 by a commission sent by Presbyterians for that purpose — 
 consisting of Rev. Wm. K. Stewart, Rev. James M. Chase 
 and Elder Brisco. The names of the original members of 
 this organization are as follows ; viz: Andrew Walker, Ann 
 Walker, Charles W. Walker, Rachel Walker, John M. 
 Clark, Mariah Clark, M irgaret Hoge, Rebecca Clugsten, 
 Jane Clugsten, 'Hetty McCoy, Isabella Scott Clugsten, John 
 Scott, Rachel Scott, Sarah Black, Mariah Black, Thomas 
 Shannon, and Elizabeth Shannon, seventeen in all. Of this 
 number Andrew Walker was ruling elder, and the Sacra-
 
 210 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ment of the Lord's Supper was administered upon the nest 
 day which was the Sabbath. Of these original members, 
 eleveD were from near Gettysburg, Pa ; four from near Ur- 
 bana, Ohio, and two from Virginia ; all but five of them 
 have already joined the ranks of the church triumphant. 
 The names of those still living (July 1882) are : Chas. VV. 
 Walker, Margaret Hoge, Jane Clugsten, Isabella Clugst^n, 
 and Mariah (Black) Beaver. The first four being still 
 members of the Doddville church. Mrs. Beaver being a 
 member of the Presbyterian church at Plymouth 111. On 
 the 17th of September, 1843, about seven weeks after the 
 organization of this church, Elder Andrew Walker was 
 called to his eternal rest and reward. During the thirty- 
 nine years of this organization, the church has been served 
 by the following named ministers, all but one in the relation 
 of stated supply: Revs. John Hoge, James M. Chase, John 
 Marshall, Cyrus B. Bristow, Joseph H. Marshall, James T. 
 Bliss, George A. Hutchison, Henry C Mullen, Preston W. 
 Thomson and Rev. D. T. McAuley, the present incumbent, 
 one half his time, Rev. Joseph H. Marshall was the only 
 regularly installed pastor. Of these ministers all are yet 
 living except the Rev. James Chase and Rev. John Marshall. 
 The following brethren have served as elders in this church 
 Andrtw Walker, John M. Clark, John G. McGaughey, 
 David R. Hindman, James McDavid, Elijah Uindman, 
 John McMillen, Hugh McOaughey, Thomas Conner, Thos. 
 McCoy, Henry Black, Wm. Pollock, John Colleasure and 
 Samuel Hoge, fourteen in all — six of this number— printed 
 in italics have departed thi- life. James Colleasure was 
 elected to this office b it died before ordination. 
 
 The church has also been served by the following named 
 Deacons, George Bair, Wm. A. Black, Samuel Hoge, John 
 H. McGrath and James Colleasure,-&\\ living but the last- 
 
 The present board of Trustees are, George Bair, Samuel 
 C. Hoge, John McGrath and William McLain. 
 
 The old church luildirg, so recently \acattd, was begun 
 in 1851, and completed in 1855. It was never formally 
 dedicated as a house of worship ; its original cost was about 
 89 JO. The first revival of any note was in February and 
 March, 1858, under the ministry of the Rev John Marshall, 
 when twenty-eight new members were added to the church. 
 The second revival was under the ministry of the Rev. Jas. 
 T. Bliss, in Jan. 1867, when eleven members were received 
 In December of the same year eleven more ■Were enrolled, 
 under the ministry of the Rev. George A. Hutchison. The 
 most notable out pouring of the Spirit of God was in Octo- 
 ber 1874, in a meeting under the direction of the Rev. Neil 
 Johnson, an evangelist, when thirty-five new names were 
 added to the roll of the church, the membership of the 
 church at this time being eighty, the largest number it has 
 ever reached at one time. About two hundred names have 
 been connected with the church since its organization. 
 
 Next in chronological order is the organization at Brook- 
 lyn ; the writer has been unable to get, any detailed history 
 of this church. A few facts have been furnished. The 
 church was organized September 23, 1854, by the Rev. 
 James Ballard, with six members ; viz ; Dan. L. Nutting 
 and wife, (congregationalists) William H. Hite and wife 
 
 (Lutheran) J. B. Compton and wife, (Cumberland Presb.) 
 Of this number brothers Compton and Hite were elected 
 ruling elders. Eleven members were added during the 
 next year. Owing to many removals during the next six 
 months, the church seemed to die, no record being kept 
 from October 14th, 1855, to December 17th, 1858, 
 since which time the church has been served with 
 regular pastoral ministration, by men who have given to this 
 field one-half their time, the Rev. D. T. McAuley, the pre- 
 sent incumbent, dividing his labours between Brooklyn and 
 Doddsville. A comfortable meeting-house was built in 
 1867, at a cost of $3500, without incurring any debt, and a 
 new parsonage has just been erected at a cost of 81200, also 
 free of debt. The church has a flourishing Sabbath-school 
 of about 100 members, and it is believed that the future will 
 reveal still better things in regard to this organization. 
 
 The church at Huntsville seems to have had a double 
 organization. First, in 1836, an old school branch of the 
 church was organized by Revs. Chase and Wilson, with a 
 few members, of whom John J. Gash and Col. George H. 
 Brisco were chosen ruling elders. Rev. Milton Kimball, of 
 Augusta, was the first minister, after whom there were a 
 number of others. The present church was organized in 
 1866 by Rev. Isaac T. Whittemore, with twelve members, 
 of whom Isaac Pettijohn. Lagmore Ridenour, and Lewis R. 
 King were elected ruling elders. The following named 
 ministers have served this church, viz. : — Rev. E. L Hard, 
 Rev. Aaron Thomson, Rev. Albam Powell, Rev. W. S. 
 Knight, Rev. Dr. Ashley, Rev. A. H. Park, Rev. Pryse, 
 and two theological students of the northwest, Messrs. 
 McBride and McAfee. Until 1870 they worshipped in the 
 old school church building, when the present house of wor- 
 ship was erected. 
 
 The organization of the Oak Valley Presbyterian Church 
 was not consummated until April 3rd, 1872, although steps 
 looking to that end had been taken two years previous. The 
 Gospel had been faithfully preached by the Rev. Burchard 
 and Pinger, of Rushville, and assisted in their labor by 
 brethren of the session of the Rushville Church. The people 
 heard the Gospel gladly, and during these preparatory two 
 years, 26 professed conversion, so that w hen the church was 
 organized it had 26 members and three ruling elders, viz : — 
 Archibald Woods, Robert Alen, and George Simpson. With 
 so fair a beginning it was hoped that a steady growth 
 would follow and the organization would soon be regularly 
 served with the preached Word, but circumstances have 
 seemed to be against them, and to-day they have only a 
 name to live. 
 
 Concerning the Birmingham organization, no data has been 
 furnished the writer from which to present any historic facts. 
 The church is very weak. 
 
 It will thus be seen that Presbyterianism ha3 never taken 
 any strong root in Schuyler County. It is not in the pro- 
 vince of the historian to search for causes, nor to. speculate 
 as to reasons. His work is simply to record the facts, and 
 leave to the philosopher the task of assigning causes. The 
 writer, however, may venture, perhaps, the suggestion that 
 the Presbyterianism which found so easy a home in the
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 211 
 
 county seat, aad has grown from so small beginnings to its 
 present prosperous condition, has had no small influence in 
 shaping the moral tone and character of the whole county- 
 Certain it is, that if we were to obliterate all the churches 
 and all the religious influences which centre about the 
 church and the Sabbath-school, the county would afford far 
 less attractions than are found to-day. It is possible toOj 
 that some future compilers of Presbyterian history in this 
 county will find a far greater growth, as the county increases 
 in population, and the villages of to-day grow into populous 
 towns. 
 
 THE BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 BY JOHN KNOWLES. 
 
 An examination of the records shows that the origin of 
 what afterwards became the Rushville Baptist Church was 
 on this wise : — 
 
 At a meeting of the Spoon River Association, held with 
 Salem Church, in Fulton county, Illinois, a resolution was 
 adopted declaring non-fellowship with all Baptists who 
 were engaged in mission, Bible, tract, Sunday-school, or 
 temperance effort. 
 
 A number of members present deeming this action a 
 violation not only of their rights as individuals, but also as 
 being in direct conflict with Baptist teaching and usage 
 and as tending to destroy if carried into effect, the individ- 
 ual independence of the churches — a right believed to be 
 taught and enjoined in the Scriptures, and for which Baptists 
 in all ages have earnestly contended that each church is 
 competent to manage, direct and control its own affairs — 
 believing also, that the resolution in question, was opposed 
 to the spirit and teachings of the gospel, and would retard its 
 progress, they withdrew from the association and on October 
 20, 1832, organized a Baptist Church of Christ called Con. 
 cord. The Baptist Church to-day has articles of faith 
 which are recognized and subscribed to by all the churches 
 in the denomination, but when the Concord Church was 
 organized such articles seem not to have been available^ 
 And the church adopted such as in their judgment were, 
 best calculated to promote the interests of the organization. 
 It is interesting to note, that not only did they plant them- 
 selves squarely upon a platform which recognized and en- 
 dorsed all the benevolent operations of the day, but added to 
 their constitution these words : '• We wish it well understood 
 that we consider it disorderly for any member of this church 
 to distil ardent spirits for gain, as the same is calculated to 
 demoralize society, or to resort to taverns or groceries for 
 the purpose of buying ardent spirits, but we would recom- 
 mend to our brethren entire abstinence except in cases of 
 sickness, when it is recommended by a physician." 
 
 Thirty-three brethren and sisters signed the constitution, 
 and articles of faith, and the organization was completed by 
 the unanimous call of elder John Logan to the pastorate of 
 the church and the election of Elijah M. Wilson and George 
 Swan deacons, and David Lenox church clerk. The records 
 of the church were well and clearly -kept by brother Lenox 
 
 during his whole term of service. They show that monthly 
 meetings were held by the church, at first in private houses, 
 but very soon a house was built and set apart for worship. 
 Meetings invariably commenced on the Saturday before the 
 Lord's day ; a business meeting followed each Saturday 
 service ; always the doors of the church were opened for the 
 admission of members, but few meetings are recorded when 
 there were not accessions to the membership of the church. 
 For years these accessions were constant and steady : much 
 good was done and many souls brought into the kingdom 
 through its efforts and influence. 
 
 Elder Logan served the church as its pastor for four years, 
 and in the fall of 1836, was succeeded by Elder Newell. In 
 1837 the church bought a lot and erected a meeting-house 
 in Rushville, but after a short occupancy, voted to sell the 
 property and return again to the county. Accordingly a log 
 church was built on the Macomb road four and a half miles 
 north of Rushville, and in this log church under the pasto- 
 rate of Elder H. Davis the church seems to have enjoyed 
 the most prosperous years of its existence. Elder Davis 
 succeeded to the pastorate in 1840; the church had been for 
 some time without preaching, but seemed to take on new 
 life with its new minister. Meetings were held, many were 
 converted, and the church became a power for good in the 
 community. Early in the year 1844 a meeting was held 
 by Elder Davis in the village of Brooklyn ; the result was a 
 church organized which flourished for some time but 
 eventually died out. Elder Davis continued to serve the 
 church as pastor until the fall of 1847. Perhaps to copy a 
 resolution from the record about the reluctant acceptance of 
 his resignation, owing to removal to too great a distance from 
 the church, will furnish the best idea of the man : " Resolved, 
 that as a church we feel sincerely grateful to Elder Davis 
 for his unwearied labors in serving the church and traveling 
 the distance of twenty-five miles once every month ; besides 
 a number of intereresting and profitable meetings held, and 
 for the space of seven years and five months, he never failed 
 in one appointment." The writer well remembers hearing 
 Deacon William Owen tell how on one cold, inclement 
 Saturday, Brother Swan and himself started on foot to open 
 and warm the church for worship. After waiting till nearly 
 the usual time for closing and no one had come, they con- 
 cluded to lock up aud go home. As they started, they saw 
 coming toward them, a solitary horseman plowing with 
 difficulty his way through the deep snow. As he neared 
 them they saw it was Elder Davis ; he had kept his appoint- 
 ment and insisted on their all going back to the church and 
 having meeting ; and said the deacon, in conclusion, we had 
 a very good meeting. One or two other ministers succeeded 
 Elder Davis, in short pastorates. The next notable event 
 in the history of the church occurred in 1849 The village 
 as of Littleton was located about nine miles from Rushville ; 
 a number of the members of the Rushville Baptist Church 
 lived in the neighborhood, it was thought desirable to plant 
 a Baptist Church in the village. Seventeen members were 
 granted letters from the Rushville Church, and Littleton 
 Baptist Church became a fixed fact; has remained such 
 ever since, and is to-day a flourishing church of some one
 
 212 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 hundred and fifty or one hundred and sixty members', and 
 a large and interesting Sabbath-school. 
 
 In the winter of 1850 and 1851 the church decided to 
 again build a meeting-house in Rushville. A comfortable 
 house was built and opened for regular services in the fall 
 of 1851. Elder N. Hayes was called to the pastorate, and 
 served the church in that capacity for nearly two years, 
 being then succeeded by Elder Gibbs. The church has never 
 been as successful in town as while it was located in the 
 country ; and while under several different pastors it has been 
 blest with occasional revivals resulting in additions to its 
 membership, the last few years of its existence have been so 
 uneventful as to furnish but little to point a moral or adorn 
 the tale of its history. The town itself has remaini d 
 practically at a standstill. For many years, removals and 
 inevitable death, made sad inroads up >n the membership 
 of the church, rendering it too feeble to support preaching 
 or keep up its meetings. In addition to the churches formed 
 from its membership at Brooklyn and Littleton, of which 
 mention has been made, two other churches, one six miles 
 northeast of town, the other at Pleasant View, were each 
 organized from the membership of the old Rushville Church. 
 
 During the nearly fifty years of its existence the church 
 has received into its fellowship three hundred and seventy- 
 six members. Of these the records show that some fell by the 
 wayside; others, and the much larger number, moved away 
 and were furnished letters to other churches ; still others, a 
 goodly and precious and ever increasing company, have cross- 
 ed the flood, and are safe in the everlasting Arms While 
 the Baptist denomination is, perhaps, as much alive to the 
 importance of an educated ministry as is any other body of 
 Christians, it yet remains true that the Rushville Church 
 has not been much indebted for whatever of good it has 
 accomplished in the education of its ministers. They were 
 for the most part, plain, unlettered men ; many of them 
 probably never heard of Murray, and were not very familiar 
 with Webster, but for devoted, earnest piety, for faithfulness 
 in discharge of duty, for intense burning love for the souls 
 of their hearers, and for true pulpit power, the ministers of 
 later days have never excelled them. The laymen of the 
 church furnish a bright and shining part of her history. So 
 numerous were they that it may seem invidious to mention 
 names, yet a long and profitable acquaintance with Deacons 
 Wilson and Harrington, and later with Deacon William 
 Owen, has convinced the writer that good laymen contribute 
 much to the strength, stability and efficiency of a church. 
 The brethren mentioned have each in • urn, and in ripe old 
 age, been called from the labor they loved so well to glorious 
 fulness of reward. What in the good providence of our 
 God may be the future of our church we are of course 
 unable to say, but, looking back over the years of its 
 history, seeing always in that history its unflinching, un. 
 wearying fidelity to truth, the wholesome and faithful 
 disipline which it has always exercised over its members 
 the number and character of its converts, the hold it still 
 has, even in its enforced weakness, on the best feelings 
 of the community, the difficulties it has encountered and 
 conquered along its vay, the general good it has accomplished 
 
 the members from its rank* who have passed from the 
 church militant to the church triumphant, all unite to lead 
 us to thank God for the organization of the Rushville Bap- 
 tist Church in Schuyler county. 
 
 THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. 
 
 BY WILLIAM FOWLER. 
 
 Rushville Church. — From the best information to be gained 
 from the oldest persons connected with this organization it 
 is as follows : 
 
 Elder James Hughs, of Ohio, on a preaching tour through 
 Indiana and Illinois, on his way to Missouri, aecoirpanied 
 by Henry Johnston, passed through here and stopped with 
 Mr. Benjamin Chadsey, the son-in-law of Henry Johnston, 
 where they remained a few days. Elder J. Hewes preached 
 a few discourses in Mr. Benjamin Chadsey's log cabin, 2i 
 miles northeast of the town of Rushville, in the year 1829, 
 which was the first preaching in the county by this denomi- 
 nation. He was a very zealous speaker and a good expoun- 
 der of the Holy Scriptures. His audience was composed of 
 a few pioneer settlers, who listened with great interest to the 
 venerable man as the doctrine was promulgated by him. 
 The next week Elder Hughs set out on his way to Missouri. 
 
 Mr. Henry Johnston remained here and bought a farm 
 4 miles north of Rushville, where he improved and built 
 a bouse, and in the fall of 1830 Barton W. Stone, of 
 Kentucky, came here and held a meeting in the log court- 
 house with a great interest. Robert Chadsey and wife were 
 the first to be immersed in the county that were added to 
 the church. In the spring of 1831 Elder James W. Davis 
 and James Urbank came from Kentucky to this place, 
 where Elder J. W. Davis preached every Lord's day, and 
 getting up an interest, they began making preparations to 
 build a house of worship. Meanwhile they commenced a 
 meeting in the log court house, conducted by Elders Hewett 
 and Boker, where they organized a congregation in the fall 
 of 1832, consisting of ten or fifteen members, who set apart 
 Thomas Paydon as an elder, and Thomas P. Garrett as dea- 
 con of the first congregation in the county. 
 
 This meeting was in the fall of 1832, and continued until 
 the weather became so cold that they moved the meeting to 
 the house of Alexander Campbell, on the southeast corner 
 of the public square, where the City Hotel now stands. In 
 the spring of 1833 the meeting was moved to a small school, 
 house near where the church now stands. In the fall of 
 1833 the first church was finished, and they held a meeting 
 in it with many additions. This meeting was conducted by 
 Barton W. Stone on his second visit to this place. They 
 now reorganized permanently on the 29th day of December, 
 A. d. 1833. This organization was composed of persons, 
 with testimonials of a good moral and Christian char- 
 acter, who, in coming together as a congregation, had 
 been immersed upon a profession of their faith in the Mes- 
 siah as the only begotten of God ; and declared it to be 
 their full purpose and determination to acknowledge no
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 213 
 
 leader but Jesus Christ ; no infallible teacher but the holy 
 apostles and prophets ; no articles of faith and practice but 
 the Old and New Testaments, and to regard the latter as 
 containing their faith and rule of behavior as Christians. 
 Thus giving themselves to the Lord and to one another, ac- 
 cording to the will of God, they have agreed to walk to- 
 gether as one common family, under the government of the 
 Prince of Peace, to whom be glory, honor everlasting, 
 Amen. 
 
 Thus this congregation began to build up, holding their 
 regular meeting on every Lord's day, having preaching when 
 some good brother would come to their help, and at other 
 times social meetings, conducted by tin elders. The preach- 
 ers were generally employed by the month on accouut of 
 not being able to do otherwise at the time. Thus this con- 
 gregation continued worship, and increased in numbers about 
 100 or 180 members, and in 1846 or '47, they remodeled the 
 house inside by changing the pulpit in front between the 
 two doors, and raising the seats or elevating the floor in the 
 back part of the audience room. This was done at some 
 considerable expense, to which some took offense and caused 
 the others to leave the church with them, and so the con- 
 gregation was weakened. 
 
 But there was a majority of the congregation determined 
 not to give up to the stubbornness of Satan and his coadju- 
 tors, and went on having preaching as usual. The congre- 
 gation was again increased by the labors of Billy Brown, 
 who held a month's meeting, and added 25 or 30 to the con- 
 gregation. In 1850 a Sunday School was organized and put 
 in working order, and has been continued ever since, with 
 encouragements and discouragements, with the natural ebbs 
 and flows which such institutions are subject to, numbering, 
 at times, from 20 to 125 members. 
 
 From 1850 to 1862 there was, most of the time, pastoral 
 preaching ; some intervals, however, between ; William Brown 
 one-quarter of his time that year, and in 1863 McGinnis 
 gave all his time to the church. In 1865 the congregation 
 employed A. H Rice, who preached for a year and a half, 
 and, at the expiration of his term, employed J. B. Corwin 
 in 1867, and then the congregation was without preaching 
 for five years, and when there was no preaching they con- 
 tinued their social meetings. In 1872 they employed John 
 Lagrange, who preached one year, and afterward they em- 
 ployed David Sharpies, who ministered part of three years. 
 In 1876 they employed Henry Puett. The next preacher 
 was William M. Londy — 1880 and 1881. At present we 
 have no preacher. 
 
 In 1874 this congregation put under contract the build- 
 ing of a new house of worship, which was finished in Feb- 
 ruary, 1875, and furnished complete, and was dedicated by 
 President Thompson of Abington College, March 1st, a. 
 x>. 1875, at a cost of $5,600. Its dimensions are 40x60 feet, 
 24 ft. ceiling, with a capacity of seating 400 persons com- 
 fortably. 
 
 The charter members of this congregation in 1832 were as 
 follows : Robert Chadsey and wife, Rachel Chadsey, Henry 
 Johnston and wife, Alexander Campbell, wife and daughter, 
 William -Beverly and wife, Mary Uelapp, Ira Bridge and 
 
 wife, Thomas J. Garratt and wife. Preachers: James 
 Hewes, B. W. Stone, Hewa & Baker, James W. Davis, O. 
 S. Osborn, William Brown, Pardee Butler, William Malery 
 O'Cane, D. P. Henderson, Sylvauous Bagby, William Lam- 
 bert, Alexander Campbell, president of Bethany College, W 
 Va-, Apison Moughau, Zibey Brown, Thos. Butler, Dawson 
 McGinnis, A. H. Rice, John M. Sweeney, J. B. Corwin, 
 Donan Roberts, Walling Lucass, Allen Johnston, Lagrange 
 
 D. Sharpies, M. D. Sharpies, S. M. Connor, Tricket Puett, 
 W. M. Londy, and others. 
 
 BADER CHURCH. 
 
 This place was first visited by Beverly Curry, in 1836 or 
 '37, the first Christian preacher, who preached at Joseph 
 Dennis' house. He preached occasionally in the neighbor- 
 hood, either in the school-house or in the dwelling-houses, 
 first one and then another — Phillip Mulkey, Foster, and 
 others — up to the time they organized a congregation, which 
 was done in 1840, by Beverly Curry, with a membership of 
 31, who, with testimonials of a good moral and Christian 
 character, on a profession of their faith in Jesus Christ as 
 the only begotten Son of God, pledged themselves to God 
 and to one another, according to the will of God under the 
 government of the Prince of Peace, to whom be glory and 
 honor everlasting, Amen. 
 
 It was then called No. 1 congregation ; now it is called 
 Bader, since the railroad came here. Elder G. P. Wilson 
 was the first pastor employed at a salary in 1873. Henry 
 Clay Littleton was the next in 1878 and '79, in all two and 
 a half years. We have had other preaching brethren inter- 
 spersed along for a year or more at a time, but not on a 
 
 stipulated salary— Elder Benjamin Walton, Elder 
 
 CrofFord, Joseph B. Royal, Wm. Grissom, President J. C. 
 Reynolds, Henry Smither, J. Morgan, J. Carroll Stork, N. 
 
 E. Cory, James M. Tennyson. M. D. Sharpies is our pre- 
 sent pastor in 1882. We have a membership of 87; church 
 in a flourishing condition. The church building was erected 
 in 1876 at a cost of $1000; will seat 200 persons, and is 
 insured for $000. 
 
 BETHANY CONGREGATION, 
 
 seven miles north of Rushville, was organized in 1839 or '40, 
 preaching by Elder King, and afterward by Elder Patton, 
 then Wm. Ross, in a school-house known as the Garrison 
 school-house, where they had preaching at intervals, as they 
 could secure the services of some worthy brother, and the 
 cause flourished for a while. Then there arose a dissatis- 
 laction between some of the members, and the congregation 
 went down, and they had no meeting for a long time. 
 
 In 1870 A. Brown, in company with A. S. Robinson, came 
 into the neighborhood and held a meeting in the Garrison 
 school-house again and got up a good interest, and had some 
 new additions, and some of the old parties had passed away. 
 They reorganized in the Garrison school-house, and in the 
 summer of 1871 they built a house of worship about one 
 mile south of the school-house, which will comfortably seat 
 200 persons, at a cost of about $1,400 in all. The first 
 regular pastor was A. S. Robinson, followed by Joseph Mor-
 
 214 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 gan, M. D. Sharpies and G. F. Adams, after which A. Brown 
 preached for them three years. Aj, the present time M. D. 
 Sharpies is employed again for one year ; his term has not 
 yet expired. So ends this history. 
 
 CAMDEN. 
 
 The first preaching that was done by the ministers of the 
 Church of Christ was in 1840, or near that time, by James 
 McHatton, and the next by D. P. Henderson. In 1859 
 Thomas Butler held a meeting and organized a congregation 
 of 14 members. Not being able to support a minister they 
 held social or Lord's Day meetings. B. Pwatt was the first 
 added to this small group of disciples. 
 
 In the fall of 1866 Elder Henry Smither of Rushville, 
 held a meeting that lasted for two or three weeks, assisted 
 by A. H. Rice, the result of which was 25 good, substantial 
 members (mostly heads of families), making iu all thirty- 
 five members, which enabled them to employ a regular pas- 
 tor. The first pastor was Thos. Butler, and the next em. 
 ployed was Dr. David Ross, then living in Plymouth, who 
 served one year. In 1872 Dr. Thomas Dunkiser of Mt. 
 Sterling, became pastor, and afterward David Sharpies, of 
 Fairberry, and the next year he was succeeded by his son, 
 M. D. Sharpies, who was associated with the church at 
 Camden. In 1875 Henry Puett preached one year, and his 
 labors were attended with great success in adding to the 
 church of Christ many souls. Then A. Brown, of Macomb, 
 preached part of his time ; then J. Morgan, and the next 
 and pr. sent pastor, M. D. Sharpies, in 1882. The congre- 
 gation consists of one hundred members. 
 
 The church was built in the summer of 1868. The audi- 
 ence room is 30x40 feet, with a 16 ft. ceiling. It cost 
 $1,800, and has a seating capacity for 200 persons. 
 
 On the 24th day of September, A. D. 1881, a terrible 
 tornado swept through the town of Camden, completely de- 
 molishing the church, leaving nothing but the foundation 
 and floor. They went to work in the fall of 1881 and spring 
 of '82, and rebuilt the house at a cost of $1,000, using all 
 the old material tbey could in the building, which is com- 
 pleted, a meeting having been held, conducted by M. D. 
 Sharpies, June 5th, A. D. 1882. 
 
 PLEASANT VIEW. 
 
 • 
 
 A. H. Rice was the first to preach in our place the doc- 
 trine of the Christian church, in the years 1865 and '66, in 
 the M. E. Church, where he added quite a number to the 
 membership. In 1867 J. B. Corwin preached part of his 
 time in the same church, also making some additions. Hav- 
 ing moved into the school house, John Lagrange, in 1870, 
 commenced a meeting in the M. E. Church, with some as- 
 sistance and they organized a congregation, and in 1871 and 
 '72, they built a house of worship, with a seating capacity 
 for about 180 persons, at a cost of about $800. They have 
 had preaching, more or less, since that time, and kept up a 
 congregation ever since. The regular pastors, since they 
 have had a house of their own, have been as follows : David 
 Sharpies, Joseph Royal, P. D. Vermillion, Elder Black, 
 
 and at present M. D. Sharpies. The congregation is in a 
 flourishing condition, but few in number. 
 
 This is a very short sketch of the history of this congre- 
 gation. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY. 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
 
 BY WM. W. BOWER, 'm. D., PH. D. 
 
 The territory now included in Brown county, Illinois, was 
 formerly not only included in Schuyler county, but was also 
 with Schuyler county, included by the Illinois Annual Con- 
 ference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Peoria circuit 
 before there were any settlements in this territory ; after- 
 wards Atlas circuit, and next Spooner river circuit, which 
 circuits included all of the territory between the Illinois and 
 Mississippi rivers, from their junction as far north as to 
 Spoon river, in Fulton county, and previously to include 
 Peoria. And although some of the preachers appointed to 
 this circuit by the Illinos Conference, in all probability, 
 traveled through part of this territory, there were no hearers 
 for them to preach to. 
 
 In settling up this territory, it seems that the Methodist 
 Episcopal Church had its representatives on the "sod" very 
 nearly if not quite as soon as any other denomination of 
 Christians. 
 
 A few Methodist families settled here as early, probably, 
 as 1827 or 28, and some more in 1829-30 to 1835. Levin 
 Green and family, Granville Bond and family, Sacketts', 
 Berry Orr's, Vandeventer's, Reid's, Brown's, Hamilton's, 
 Peevehouse's, McGaskill's, Jonathan Miller's, Hervy Bates', 
 Isaac Lee's, John Sex's and George Sadler's, etc. 
 
 Methodist preaching occurred but seldom during these times 
 and was dispensed mostly, by those who cleared and farmed 
 their own land, built their own houses, raised their own 
 corn and potatoes, bacon and beans, etc., during the week, 
 and preached the '■' everlasting Gospel of the Son op God " 
 on the Sabbath day. While all were poorly clad, some 
 were at times scarcely able to clothe thomselves sufficiently 
 respectable, to appear before the people in those times, with- 
 out the assistance of their good neighbors, when the best of 
 them were clothed almost exclusively in their home-spun 
 and home-made, furnished by their good, self-denying and 
 industrious housewives, mothers, sisters and daughters. 
 While an occasional traveling preacher, going from his one 
 distant appointment to another, would stop to rest and 
 recuperate, probably only for the night at one of the hospi- 
 table " cabins," when in the greatest of haste the children 
 would be dispatched to the neighbors, and from one to the 
 other word would be passed, and the people would as- 
 semble in due time to hear what the preacher would have to 
 say to them about the salvation of their souls. 
 
 In 1832 another slice was taken off of the northern part 
 of this vast field of labor, and Rushville circuit was formed, 
 which still included the territory of Brown county, and 
 being again somewhat reduced in size, gave the circuit 
 preachers more time to devote to the development of 
 Methodism in this territory ; and from this time on there
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 215 
 
 were still other Method'st families who came to settle in 
 different parts of the territory, and some of the neighbors 
 of those already here were converted and joined the church, 
 and the demand became still greater and more preaching 
 was required. But there were probably no regular ap- 
 pointments for preaching made by the circuit preachers 
 until about 1833 to 1836, when a regular four weeks' cir- 
 cuit was established, embracing parts of Adams, Hancock, 
 McDonough, Fulton and Pike counties, which included all 
 of the territory of Brown ; and Dr» John P. Richmond 
 writes me, that when he was appointed to the circuit in 
 1836, there were twenty-six regular appointments scattered 
 over all this territory, and preaching at each place every 
 four weeks. He then adds : " We traveled on horseback 
 with the old-time saddle-bags under us ; we took the shortest 
 routes, swam the creeks when necessary, (there were no 
 bridges then) ; we always had kind neighbors and hospi- 
 table entertainment wherever we stopped ; the fare was 
 frugal but healthy, — the traditional 'yellow-legged chicken ' 
 did not often appear, (there were probably too many foxes 
 around then), but we received the best they had, — corn- 
 bread, bacon, beans, cabbage, potatoes and coffee (mostly 
 rye), etc." 
 
 During these times the preaching was mostly done by 
 H. Summers, Peter Cartwright, T N. Ralston, Peter Boring, 
 W. H. Window, Wilson Pitner, W. T. Williams, D. B. 
 Carter, Spencer W. Hunter, John P. Richmond, Peter 
 Akers and John S. Barger, assisted by a number of faithful 
 and earnest local preachers, among whom were Levin Green, 
 
 W. H. Taylor, Smith, Ezekiel Mobley, Granville 
 
 Bond and others, and of which W. H. Taylor, E. Mobley 
 and G. Bond afterwards became very faithful and effective 
 traveling preachers. 
 
 The first sermon preached in this territory, in all proba- 
 bility, was preached by Levin Green, a local preacher, as 
 early as 1829 or 1830. The first sermon by a traveling 
 preacher, not much later, probably 1830 or 1831, by Spencer 
 W. Hunter, who formed a class or society about 1831 or 
 1832 at the house of Levin Green, about three or four 
 miles north of Mt Sterling, where Mr. John Roberts now 
 resides. It consisted at first of L. Green, wife and daughter, 
 Benj. Grista and wife, Granville Bond and wife, Mrs. Mary 
 
 Orr and Mrs. A. Neal ; and during these times it cost 
 
 something to be a Methodist, in the way of self-denial, 
 cross-bearing, persecution, etc , even here in this enlight- 
 ened country ; but the little baud stood firm in the conflict, 
 and the Lord of hosts blessed not only their labors, but 
 themselves also in their labors. They increased in the 
 strength of the Lord, and they " contended earnestly for 
 the faith once delivered to the saints," and the Lord con- 
 tinued to add to them from time to time. Their class 
 increased in numbers and usefulness, and in 1837 they 
 considered it nece ssary to built a log church (and school- 
 house) in their neighborhood, on the farm of Granville 
 Bond, which was the first structure erected for Methodist 
 worship in this territory, in which the Lord was worshipped 
 in great earnestness and sincerity, with much benefit to 
 themselves and their neighborhood. 
 
 In 1847 or 1848 they built the Ebenezer Church (and 
 school house), a few miles, southwest of the old one, and the 
 " Bond class " was transferred to the new church and the 
 old one abandoned. Their worship was faithfully and suc- 
 cessfully continued here until about 1875, when through 
 the earnest and zealous labors of Rev. Granville Bond, who 
 had retired as a superannuate of the Illinois Conference 
 after many years of earnest, faithful and successful labors 
 in the ranks of the itinerant ministry of his beloved church, 
 located at Mound Station, a few miles still further south- 
 west of his " old home," a new and excellent church was 
 built at a cost of $2,400, and dedicated to Almighty God, 
 free of debt. 
 
 And the " Bond Society " was again transferred to this 
 place, when again the venerable Brother Bond, with his 
 family and former neighbors united to worship the Lord of 
 Hosts together in great peace and comfort, until a few years 
 later he was translated from " the Church militant to the 
 Church triumphant," where " they rest from their labors 
 and their works do follow them." And his venerable and 
 highly honored widow, a few of his children and grand- 
 children, neighbors aud neighbors' children, who still sur- 
 vive him, continue to worship the God of their fathers, 
 none " daring to molest or make them afraid." 
 
 Bethel Church was built about 1838, qu'te close to the 
 Adams county line, in the " Lee neighborhood," some five 
 or six miles southwest of where the town of Mound Station 
 was afterwards located. It was built of hewed logs, at a 
 cost probably of $150, by the exertion and for the benefit of 
 a class which had been organized in the neighborhood two 
 or three years previously, who worshipped in it quite com- 
 fortably until about 1866, when it was abandoned as a 
 preaching place, some of the members having removed to 
 Mound Station ; the society was also transferred to, and be- 
 came a part of the Mound Station charge. 
 
 In the northwestern part of our territory a society was 
 also organized at an early day, and probably as early as 
 1834 a double log-church (and school house was built at 
 Hamilton, close to the line between Adams county and the 
 territory which afterwards became Pea Ridge township, 
 Brown county. It was first built on the Adams county 
 side of the line, but most of the members living on this side 
 of the county line, some controversy afterwards arose in 
 regard to its location, when in 1842 it was moved across the 
 line into Brown county, and was used by the society for 
 worship until the spring of 1848, when it was burned down, 
 And not rebuilt. Most of the class had their membership 
 transferred to Clayton, in Adams county, and others to 
 Mound Station. 
 
 A society had also been formed at an early day in the 
 McCaskell neighborhood, in Pea Ridge township, which 
 held their services at the house of Daniel McCaskell usually, 
 until in 1851 preaching was discontinued and the society 
 was afterwards disbanded. 
 
 The first Methodists in Mt. Sterling were Mrs. Brazel- 
 
 ton, the Kirlins, Wilsons, Mrs. Brainerd and Mrs. Chesel- 
 dine ; but they had no Methodist preaching until 1837, 
 when Dr. J. P. Richmond first preached at Kirliu's tavern,
 
 216 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 on Main street, opposite where R. S nith's drug and hard- 
 ware store now stands. But only occasional services were 
 held here for several years, until through the energy of him 
 who was "in labors more abundant," the untiring Granville 
 Bond, who was exceedingly anxious that Methodism should 
 here also have a firm foothold ; and to him the Methodists 
 and other citizens are mostly indebted for the good frame 
 church that was erected in 1840, just south of where Dr. J. 
 Dearborn's office now stands, at a cost of probably $500. 
 Preaching was then kept up more regularly, but no society 
 formed until about 1842 or 1843, when one was organized 
 by Wm. J. Rutledge, preacher in charge. 
 
 In 1850 a parsonage was also built in Mt Sterling by the 
 Circuit, as a residence for the Preachers of the Circuit, and 
 was occupied by them until 1872, when it was condemned as 
 unfit for such services ; but was sometimes used by them after- 
 wards, and sometimes rented for a trifle, to someone else 
 until 1876, when through the untiring business energy of L. 
 F. Waldin preacher in charge a very good and nearly 
 new parsonage was purchased, and with a few improve- 
 ments cost $1074, and payment made for the same. 
 
 The church built in 1840 became quite dilapidated by 
 18"8 when a new one, considerably larger and more comfor- 
 table was erected on Main Cross and South streets, at a cost 
 of probably $2500 or $3000, and in 1879 was repaired and 
 a new vestibule and belfry added thereto, at a cost of $500 
 more, making a very neat and comfortable house of wor- 
 ship. 
 
 A brick church was built at Ripley about 1852, which 
 with some repairs in later years still remains in use, in 
 pretty good condition. A class had also been organized here 
 at an early day which passed through many vicissitudes, and 
 at present is still in active operation. 
 
 A society had also been formed at the log school house 
 south of Logan's Creek near Thomas Glenn's, about 1836 
 probably by Wilson Pitner. Preaching and class meetings 
 were held previously at Thomas Glenn's and also at Brown's 
 a few miles further west. The society afterwards was mostly 
 disbanded, some having their membership transferred to 
 Versailles and some elsewhere. 
 
 At " Bluffs," southeast of Versailles, and at Reeds, south 
 of Versailles, there was preaching at an early day, and so- 
 cieties organized in probably 1833 or 1834, before Versailles 
 had an existence. Meetings were held from time to time, 
 preaching, class-meetings &c., at these different places with 
 great success, until after Versailles became a more central 
 point and a church was there built, when the surrounding 
 classes were here united together. 
 
 Religious services continued here, the Lord blessed the 
 labour of his servants; revivals took place and many were 
 added to the church. In 1867 it was set apart from Mt. 
 Sterling circuit by the Illinois Annual Conference, Cham- 
 bersburg added to it, and Versailles circuit was formed ; 
 with a separate preacher appointed by Conference. But the 
 following year, it was again returned to the Mt. Sterling cir- 
 cuit and so remained until 1872 when it was again separated 
 and continues an independent circuit to the present time. 
 In 1872 they numbered 80 members and at present 185. 
 
 We now come to notice a few things about the south- 
 western portion of our county, which was mostly, and part 
 is now under the jurisdiction of Perry circuit. There was 
 a class formed in the neighborhood of the Council School 
 House, consisting of Coulson Tucker and wife, Geo. Kirts, 
 wife and daughter, Mark Marden and wife, John Wilson 
 and wife, Reuben Wilson and family, Benjamin Adams and 
 wife, and later Thos. Scanlan and others ; meetings were held 
 as usual at private houses ; but were afterwards held at the 
 C uncil School House where revivals were held, the work 
 advanced, others were added to their number, their class re- 
 organized and finally in 1873 they built Marden Chapel a 
 few miles south of the Council School House, at a cost of 
 about $700, which they still " occupy " in the Master's service. 
 
 Still farther to the southwest, religious services were con- 
 ducted at the house of Father Walters' and others, later at 
 the Grove School House, until about 1857 when the Wash- 
 ington School House was built at a more central location in 
 the school district, which was also arranged for preaching, 
 and the society held their services in it, and where a glorious 
 revival took place under the supervision of Curtis Powel and 
 others ; when the old class was reorganized and many more 
 added. Some years later, to accommodate some of the more 
 influential members, the society again returned to the Grove 
 School House. And in 1874 they built " Hebron Church " 
 which they continue to occupy to the present time. Still a 
 little farther west, at the White Oak School House, and in 
 the neighborhood of the town of Buckhorn, a little farther 
 north in Lee township, societies were organized, preaching 
 and other religious services conducted, until about 1860 
 when "Hedrick Chapel" was built in the town and their ser- 
 vices conducted in it, until 1865 under the management of W. 
 McK. Gooding preacher in charge ; considerable dissatisfac- 
 tion arose between the society and preacher in regard to the 
 expression of sentiments concerning the Rebellion : when he 
 refused to preach any longer for them, and their relations 
 were indefinitely severed. 
 
 When they afterwards united themselves with the Metho- 
 dist Episcopal Church South, as will more fully appear in 
 the next chapter, the church property was sold a few years 
 afterwards to Alexander Hedrick,- to satisfy a small mort- 
 gage which he held against it, and which the official mem- 
 bers of the circuit did not think, worth while to pay, and 
 hold the property under the circumstances. 
 
 The society at White Oak school-house being of the same 
 sentiment and in the same condition as the Buckhorn society 
 are united also with the Church South. 
 
 In the northeastern part of the country there was a society 
 formed by the labors and influence mostly of Rev. Joseph 
 Dunbar, a local preacher, but was organized with twenty- 
 seven members by S H. Clark, preacher in charge of Mt. 
 Sterling circuit, in the spring of 1856, and they remained a 
 part of Mt. Sterling circuit until Camden circuit was formed, 
 when it was attached thereto, and still continues. They 
 have been holding their meetings at No. 1 school-house up 
 to this summer (1882), when considering it necessary, they 
 have just completed a very comfortable church in the neigh- 
 borhood, which they will occupy in the future.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 217 
 
 Quarterly meeting occasions were much more highly ap- 
 preciated during the early days of Methodism. The mem- 
 bership would come from far and near to hear the Presiding 
 Elder and to enjoy the love feast services and were always 
 greatly refreshed and encouraged, and the business of the 
 circuit also transacted. 
 
 The salaries of the preachers, on an average during the 
 following decades, as nearly as can be now estimated, were 
 about as follows : to wit, in 1841 about $155 ; in 1851 about 
 $175; in 1861 about $450; in 1871 about $800, and in 1881 
 about $860. 
 
 Camp meetings were also held in the early days ; there 
 were two or three held in the neighborhood of Ripley, 
 about the years 1835 to 1839 ; there were probably several 
 held in the neighborhood of Versailles a little later. The 
 first was held at Versailles Springs by J. B. Seymour, 
 preacher in charge of Versailles circuit, during the summer 
 of 1867, and one or two still later. 
 
 In the summer of 1852 one was held on the Mound in 
 Lee township, close to where the trestle-work of the railroad 
 now is. There was another held in the summer of 1858 in 
 the neighborhood of White Oak Springs, Buckhorn town- 
 ship, Granville Bond preacher in charge. Another at the 
 town of Buckhorn, in Lee township, in the summer of 1861, 
 J. W. Jackson, preacher in charge. The entire number of 
 members in the county at the present time, as nearly as can 
 be estimated, is four hundred and fifty. 
 
 The foregoing would hardly be complete without adding 
 the following list of preachers and Presiding Elders, ap- 
 pointed by the Illinois Annual Conference, with their circuit 
 and districts from the time Mt. Sterling was organized in 
 1841 to the present day, (1882) : 
 
 Date 
 
 Circuit. 
 
 Preacher. 
 
 District. 
 
 Presiding Elder. 
 
 1841 
 
 Mt. Sterling. 
 
 A. F. Rogers 
 
 Quincy 
 
 John S. Barger. 
 
 1842 
 
 H 
 
 Wm.J. Rutledge 
 
 tt 
 
 U 
 
 1843 
 
 tt 
 
 N. Cleveland 
 
 tt 
 
 N". G. Berryman 
 
 1844 
 
 tt 
 
 Wm J. Rutledge 
 
 u 
 
 tt 
 
 1845 
 
 H 
 
 W. G. Piper 
 
 u 
 
 A. L. Risley 
 
 1846 
 
 «< 
 
 J. B. Houts 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 1847 
 
 
 
 J. P. Richmond 
 
 a 
 
 ii 
 
 1848 
 
 « 
 
 Jesse Cromwell 
 
 tt 
 
 Peter Akers 
 
 1849 
 
 ll 
 
 Vincent Ridgley 
 
 tt 
 
 ti 
 
 1850 
 
 (I 
 
 B. F. Northcott 
 
 fit 
 
 a 
 
 1851 
 
 II 
 
 i« 
 
 Griggsville 
 
 W. D. R. Trotter 
 
 1852 
 
 II 
 
 D. H. Hitton 
 
 a 
 
 Hardin Wallace 
 
 1853 
 
 II 
 
 J. Cromwell 
 
 Quincy 
 
 J. Montgomery 
 
 1854 
 
 It 
 
 W. B. Barton & 
 G. R. Clark 
 
 tt 
 
 R. E. Guthrie 
 
 1855 
 
 ll 
 
 e 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 1856 
 
 ll 
 
 S. II. Clark 
 
 Griggsville 
 
 R. W.Travis 
 
 1857 
 
 II 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 ll 
 
 1858 
 
 II 
 
 II. C. Hocken- 
 
 sraith 
 Geo. Montgomery 
 by Conference ana 
 D. O. Car mack ap- 
 pointed tn Quiney 
 Mission, but they 
 
 Rushville 
 
 W. J. Rutledge 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 were exehang'd by 
 
 
 
 
 
 the Presiding El- 
 
 
 
 
 
 der, and D. O. Car- 
 
 
 
 1859 
 
 . 
 
 mark came t<> Mt. 
 Sterling, and was 
 
 ■ Quincy 
 
 B. F. Northcott 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 released by 2d 
 
 
 
 
 
 Qtunerly Confer- 
 
 
 
 
 
 ence of the circuit 
 
 
 
 
 
 and A. T. Stone ap- 
 
 
 
 
 
 pointed to take big 
 
 
 
 
 
 place to the end of 
 
 
 
 
 
 the year. 
 
 , 
 
 
 Dale Circuit. 
 
 28 
 
 1860 
 1861 
 1862 
 1863 
 1864 
 1865 
 1866 
 1867| 
 1868, 
 1869 
 
 1870 
 1871 
 1872 
 1873 
 1874 
 1875 
 1876 
 1877 
 1878 
 1879 
 
 1880 
 
 18S1 
 
 Mt. Storling. 
 
 Preacher. 
 
 Michael Shunk 
 Granville Bond 
 
 Thomas Bonnell 
 Geo. M. Crays 
 R. Chapman 
 Geo. M. Dungan 
 Wm. C. Lacy 
 Versailles and'D. H. Hatton 
 
 Mt. Sterling 
 
 Mt. Sterling 
 
 W. H. Taylor 
 W. H. Taylor 
 P. L. Turner 
 
 Geo. M. Spencer 
 
 R. Chapman 
 .i 
 
 L. F. Waldin 
 ii 
 
 J. C. Sargeant 
 C. A. Obenshain 
 
 District. Presiding Elder 
 
 Ijuincy 
 
 Griggsville 
 ii 
 
 Quincy 
 
 Griggsville 
 Quincy 
 
 Griggsville 
 
 ii 
 
 u 
 
 u 
 
 Quincy 
 
 A. Bucknor sup 
 »ly of P. Hiller 
 y by Pre. Elder 
 
 Reuben Gregg 
 
 B. F. Northcott 
 
 Jas. P. Dimmett 
 Jas. Leaton 
 ii 
 
 W. D. R. Trotter 
 
 W. E. Johnson 
 ii 
 
 A .S. McCoy 
 
 Peter Wallace 
 
 A. S. McCoy 
 J. P. Dimmett 
 
 II 
 
 A. T. Orr 
 
 J. P. Dimmett 
 
 G R.S.McElfresh 
 
 W. R. Goodwin 
 
 Versailles Circuit was organized 1867, G. W. Dungan preacher ; 
 Quincy district, W. E. Johnson, Presiding Elder; and was again 
 included in Mt. Sterling Circuit until 1872. 
 
 1872 
 
 Versailles 
 
 J. G. Bonnell 
 
 Griggs vile 
 
 A.S. McCoy 
 
 1873 
 
 
 U. Warrington 
 
 *< 
 
 Jas. P. Dimmitt 
 
 1874 
 
 tt 
 
 T. J. Bryant 
 
 tt 
 
 " 
 
 18/5 
 
 
 * 
 
 " 
 
 A. T. Orr 
 
 1876 
 
 ii 
 
 J. B. Seymour 
 
 Quincy 
 
 as. P. Dimmitt 
 
 18/7 
 
 ii 
 
 A. M. Davidson 
 
 tt 
 
 'i 
 
 1878 
 
 it 
 
 A. M. Danely 
 
 tt 
 
 G.R.S.McElfre..h 
 
 1879 
 
 ii 
 
 O. H. P. Ash 
 
 n 
 
 it 
 
 1880 
 
 <i 
 
 P. L. Turner 
 
 tt 
 
 M 
 
 1881 
 
 it 
 
 ii 
 
 Griggsville 
 
 P.Wood 
 
 
 
 RIPLEY CIRCUIT FORMED. 
 
 
 1853 
 
 Ripley 
 
 J. Cavett 
 
 Quincy 
 
 J. Montgomery 
 
 18o4 
 
 
 Levi Shelby 
 
 
 R. E. Guthrie 
 
 1855 
 
 it 
 
 D. P. Lvon 
 
 u 
 
 " 
 
 1856 
 
 ii 
 
 ti 
 
 it 
 
 ii 
 
 1857 
 
 ii 
 
 S McCall 
 
 it 
 
 B. F. Northcott 
 
 
 Was returned to Mt. Sterling circuit until 1876. 
 
 1876 
 
 Ripley 
 
 to besup'd Con. 
 Mr. Glass, P.E. 
 
 Quincy 
 
 J. P. Dimmett 
 
 1877 
 
 ii 
 
 supplied by 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 G. Moore 
 
 
 
 And was again added to Mt. Sterling circuit, and still continues in 
 the southwest of Brown county. 
 
 MT. PLEASANT CIRCMIT WAS FORMED. 
 
 1858 
 1859 
 1860 
 
 Mt. Pleasant 
 
 Jas. Herd 
 J.W. Jackson 
 
 Rushville 
 Quincy 
 
 [W.J. Rutledge 
 B. F. Northcott 
 
 Was then returned again to Mt. Sterling circuit until 1863, and 
 called Mounds circuit. 
 
 1863 
 1864 
 
 Mounds Ct. 
 
 supl'd H. Corey 
 W.M. K. Good- 
 ing 
 
 Quincy 
 
 James Leaton 
 
 In conclusion, the writer wishes to acknowledge his 
 great indebtedness and many thanks to the Rev. James 
 Leaton, of Rushville Station, the efficient conference his- 
 torian of the Illinois Annual Conference, espacially, as well 
 as to Dr. John P. Richmond, now of Tyndall, Dakota 
 Territory ; formerly one of our energetic pioneer preachers. 
 Also to our venerable Sister Bond, widow of our long to be 
 remembered Brother Granville Bond ; and a few others, for 
 valuable information used in compiling an,d verifiying th,e. 
 facts, hereinbefore described.
 
 218 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH SOUTH. 
 
 BY WILLIAM W. BOWER, M. D., PH. D* 
 
 In 1862 and 1863 four or five families of southern Metho- 
 dists came from Knoxville, Tennessee, and located at Mt. 
 St3rlin5- They were the first that came into this coun- 
 ty, and thire was also a few others who came from elsewhere 
 shortly afterwards. 
 
 There were also at this time some members of the 
 Methodist Episcopal Church in the county who where of the 
 same sentiments politically and religiously as they, — and 
 they very naturally communicated and sympathized with 
 each other ; but there was no other organization of the kind 
 then in the county, and several of the first arrivals joined 
 the Methodist Episcopal Church at Mt. Sterling and con- 
 tinued to be worthy members of the same. 
 
 In 18G5 there arose considerable dissatisfaction between 
 the " Buckhorn society " of the Methodist Episcopal Church 
 and their preacher, W. MeK. Gooding of the Illinois An- 
 nual Conference, in regard to the expression of sentiments 
 concerning the War of the Rebellion, when Mr. Gooding 
 refused to preach any longer for them, and severed their 
 relations indefinitely. During this disorganized condi- 
 tion of their society an organization was being made in the 
 State of Illinois adapting the name of '' The Christian 
 Union Church," preliminary to the collecting together and 
 organizing those persons of Methodistic tendencies through- 
 out the state, who were more fully in accord with their pe- 
 culiar feelings and sentiments, preparatory to becoming a 
 part of the " Methodist Episcopal Church South." 
 
 In the summer of 1866 Mr. Rumsey Smithson, super- 
 intenlent of the Springfield district of the Illinois Annual 
 Conference of the Christian Union Church, and a Mr. Hal- 
 sey, came to Mt. Sterling in this county and preached sev- 
 eral sermons in the school house, (which were the first ser- 
 mons preached in Brown county by any of said denomina- 
 tion,) when Benjamin Adams, Alexander Hedrick and 
 Andrew G. Shankland from the Buckhorn neighborhood 
 came to Mt. Sterling to hear them, and being pleased with 
 their ministrations invited them to come to Buckhorn and 
 preach for them also, which they consented to do. 
 
 Accordingly in the following October they came and 
 preached for them at Hedrick chapel, when Benjamin 
 Adams and wife, Andrew G Shankland and wife, Alexan- 
 der Hedrick and wife, Obed Hedrick and wi'e, Augus New 
 and wife, Marcus Ne » aud a few others joined their church 
 and were organized into a society by Rumsey Smithson. 
 
 During the said meeting on the 13th of October 1866, 
 the Quarterly Council of Mt. Sterling circuit met in Hedrick 
 chapel and held their first Quarterly Session for 1866 and 
 1867, R. Smithson superintendent in the chair. J. H. 
 Davidson, who had formerly been a local preacher in the 
 Methodist Episcopal Church, was appointed ;n charge of 
 the circuit for the following year. Daniel T. Sherman as 
 superintendent for the latter part of the year. 
 
 •And certified by Alexander M. Orr, Local Deacon and former Preacher 
 in charge. (See list of Preachers.) 
 
 In 1867 the church met in annual council and changed 
 their name from Christian Union Church, to that of Episc- 
 pal Methodist Church and placed themselves under the ju- 
 risdiction of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. 
 
 Under this arrangf ment Brown county was served by 
 the following preachers and presiding elders, viz : 
 
 1 
 
 
 Preacher in J 
 
 
 Data. 
 
 1 
 
 Circuit. 
 
 Charge. District 
 
 1 
 
 Presiding Elder. 
 
 - 
 1867 & 68 
 
 Mt. Sterling 
 
 Geo. O.Hilton Springfield 
 
 Wm. R. Howard 
 
 1868 & 69, 
 
 »l 
 
 Wm. D. Coxe 
 
 Rumsev Smithson 
 
 1869 & 70; 
 
 " 
 
 R. D. Poole " 
 
 «• 
 
 1870 & 71! 
 
 II 
 
 H. G. Carden Rushville 
 
 S. J. Catlin 
 
 1871 & 72 
 
 <l 
 
 R. P. Holt 
 
 M. R Jones 
 
 1872 & 73| 
 
 • 1 
 
 A. H. Rogers Canton 
 
 J. B. Harris. 
 
 1873 & 74 
 
 II 
 
 T. A. Scrubbsj " 
 
 A. F. Rogers 
 
 1874 A 78 
 
 II 
 
 "' ILewiston 
 
 T. B. Harben 
 
 1875 & 76 
 
 " 
 
 J. T. Busby 
 
 if 
 
 1S76 & 77 
 
 II 
 
 ii it 
 
 H 
 
 " At their Annual Conference of 1877 they unanimously 
 voted to change their name from Episcopal Methodist 
 Church to Methodist Episcopal Church South." And the 
 following preachers and presiding elders served as fol- 
 lows, viz : 
 
 Dale. 
 
 1877 & 78 
 
 1878 & 79 
 
 1879 & 80 
 1880& 81 
 1881 & 82 
 
 Circuit. 
 
 Mt Sterling 
 
 Preacher in I 
 Charge- 
 
 District. Presiding Elder. 
 
 Geo.Knispel Lewistown R. F. Hayes. 
 N. A. Anld " S. J. Catlin 
 
 Alex. M. Orri G. W. Gilmore 
 
 C. C Mayhew 
 J. T. Loval ' 
 
 The society at Buckhorn continued to prosper, and in 1872 
 they purchased " Hedrick Chapel " from Mr. Alexander 
 Hedrick for the sum of $275, which they continued to oc- 
 cupy to the present time. 
 
 The different preachers in charge, George O- Hilton, Wil- 
 liam D. Coxe, and H. G- Cardea and presiding elders Wil- 
 liam R Howard, Rumsey Smithson and S. J. Catlin, con- 
 tinued to preach occasionally at Mt. Sterling, also during their 
 administration of the affairs of the circuit And in 1871 a 
 small society was organized by presiding elder, S J. Catlin, 
 and on account of some dissatisfaction between preacher in 
 charge H. J. Carden, and some of the members of the so- 
 ciety, presiding elder Catlin made Mt. Sterling society an 
 independent station and appointed William Ward preacher 
 in charge of the same. But Mr. Ward having been ap- 
 pointed by the annual conference to Detroit circuit, and said 
 circuit for some cause refusing to accept his services, some of 
 the more cautious of the members of the Mt Sterling socie- 
 ty, now station, quite reluctantly accepted them. They 
 having hired '* Curry's Hall" to hold their meetings in he 
 preached for them there, and presiding elder Catlin, occa- 
 sionally also. The dissatisfaction however increasing and 
 other discouraging circumstances intervening, Mr. Ward, 
 after two or three months serviee, left his appointed charge 
 and went away. Their station and society was then aban-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 219 
 
 doned for the time being, most of the members being trans- 
 ferred to the Buckhorn charge. 
 
 In 1877 the Rev. George Knispel, the preacher in charge, 
 organized a class at White Oak tchool house, about eight 
 miles southeast of Buckhorn, of the following members, to 
 wit : Elias Reed, George Coey, D. Z. Martin, George Six 
 and others, and appointed William W. New, leader. Preach- 
 ing and other religious services were kept up regularly 
 from time to time, and in 1881 they erected a very good 
 and comfortable church at a cost of $1000 in which they 
 continued to worship the Lord in great peace and com. 
 fort 
 
 At Rock Springs, about six miles northwest of White 
 Oak Church in 1881, Rev. J. T. Loyal, preacher in charge, 
 organized a class consisting of James Lewis, wife and son, 
 Lemuel Lewis and wife, Sarah Tucker and a few others, 
 with Lemuel Lewis, leader, which class also continues to 
 prosper. 
 
 At the close of the conference year, in 1881, the member- 
 ship in Brown county numbered about one hundred and 
 seven, and consists of about the same number at the present 
 time 1882. 
 
 In conclusion, the writer wishes to acknowledge his thanks 
 to Alexander M. Orr, former pastor of Mt. Sterling circuit 
 and a few others, for valuable information contained in the 
 above. 
 
 THE MISSIONARY BAPTISTS. 
 
 BY EEV. LEWIS OSBORN. 
 
 Among the early settlers in Brown county, there were a 
 number of Missionary Baptists. But they were thinly scat- 
 tered over the county, were poor in this world's goods, and 
 had therefore poor opportunities for cultivating acquain- 
 tances or forming churches. Yet they remained firm in their 
 religious convictions, and did not unite with other religious 
 bodies of a different faith. But it was not long until minis- 
 ters of like faith visited the county as evangelists, and 
 preached at different places. Elder John Logan was one of 
 the first to visit the county in this way, and was eminently 
 useful in supplying the destitute, establishing churches, and 
 in building up the Missionary Baptist cause. These meet- 
 ings of the evangelists afforded opportunities to cultivate ac- 
 quaintance, and soon led to the formation of a church. It 
 was difficult at that early day to determine where to locate 
 a church ; the points of prospective interests and importance 
 were not yet sufficiently developed ; but finally it was 
 agreed to establish a church near the western border of the 
 county, and in the northwest corner of what is now called 
 " Lee Township." The church was organized on the 19th 
 day of August, 1833, with eight members, and was called 
 the " Centreville Baptist Church." The ministers present 
 and assisting in the organization were, Elders John M. 
 Peck, Joel Sweet and John Clark. After the organization, 
 one was received for baptism and membership ; and the 
 church voted to send delegates to a meeting of delegates 
 from other churches of like faith, to be held soon, to form 
 
 an association. This small and new body had now fairly 
 started off in the career of church life ; and, humanly 
 speaking, there was not much to encourage such an effort ; 
 but they had faith in God, and persevered. 
 
 They were visited at various times by Eld. Logan, and 
 additions were received to the membership by baptism, and 
 by letter, and they enjoyed peace and prosperity. In 1834, 
 Eld. Jesse M. Chapman, who had become a member and 
 had preached several times, was called to the pastorate of 
 the church for one year. It seems to have been the policy 
 of the church to call a pastor annually. In June, 1835, the 
 church voted to express, in their letter to the association, 
 their fellowship for missions and other benevolent efforts of 
 that day. In December of this year, the church called Eld. 
 Norman Parks to the pastorate for one year, to preach one 
 Sabbath in the month. In November, 1838, a council met 
 with the church, by invitation, to assist in ordaining Elds. 
 Wm. Hobbs and Henry Davis to the work of the gospel 
 ministry. The ministers present and assisting were, Elds. 
 John Logan, Jesse Elledge and Jacob Bower. In December 
 of this year, Etd. Hobbs was called to the pastorate of the 
 church for one year, to preach two Sabbaths in the month ; 
 and, by invitations repeated annually, he was continued in 
 the pastorate for a number of years. In 1844, the church 
 voted to form a Bible Society, auxiliary to the American 
 and Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 About this time, measures were taken to build a meeting- 
 house for the use of the church ; and, in May, 1845, they 
 met in their own house for worship, for the first time. It 
 was a frame, and was small, 20 x 24, but the church was 
 small also, and poor, and it answered the purpose well for 
 the time. Before this, they had held their meetings in 
 school-houses, and at private dwellings, and in the grove, 
 which was the best they could do ; and these different places 
 of meeting were often miles apart ; yet they seem to have 
 prospered, receiving additions to their membership from time 
 to time, and lived in comparative peace. We can imagine 
 how the little band felt, after such an experience, to be set- 
 tled in their own house ; their varied trials had, doubtless, 
 bound them together in stronger bonds of love ; and, being 
 settled, they felt rich and happy, and greatly encouraged to 
 work for building up the cause in the future. In April, 
 1848, the church agreed to organize a Sunday-school, and ap- 
 pointed Peter Ausmus superintendent ; and about this time 
 united with the Quiucy Association. Eld. Hobbs had been 
 continued in the pastorate until this time, Sep' ember, 1850. 
 The church had prospered under his administration ; a house 
 had been built, special meetings had been held, and numer- 
 ous additions to the membership of the church had been re- 
 ceived. But, having concluded to remove his membership 
 from the church, they called Eld. J. M. Chapman to the 
 pastorate for one year. 
 
 In December, 1851, the church called Eld. L. Osborn, 
 who had recently moved into the neighborhood, from Ohio, 
 to the pastorate for one year, to preach two Sabbaths in the 
 month. Eld. Osborne was continued in the pastorate nearly 
 seven years. During that time, the church lived in compara- 
 tive peace and prospered. The house was enlarged, special
 
 220 
 
 HISTORY OF SGIIUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 meetings were held, and the membership considerably in- 
 creased. In November, 1858, Eld. Osborn resigned, and 
 moved to Payson, Adams county, having been called to the 
 pastorate of the Baptist church there. The church was next 
 supplied by several different pastors, for a short time each. 
 But frequent changes in the pastorate are not conducive to 
 prosperity, as the church found by experience. In addition 
 to these changes, other matters arose, which also tended to 
 retard the progress of the church. A new house was much 
 needed ; and as the railroad had been built, and new points 
 of interest developed, the question of changing the location 
 of the church was forced upon their consideration. These 
 questions kept them in a state' of constant agitation for 
 awhile, but, after due deliberation and prayer, they conclu- 
 ded to move the location of the church to Clayton, Adams 
 county, and build a good house on lots there owned by the 
 church. 
 
 This resolution was fully carried out, and in November, 
 1869, the name of the church was changed to the " Baptist 
 Church of Christ, at Clayton, 111 " Time and experience 
 have demonstrated the wisdom of the change. The church 
 has been strengthened, and now supports a pastor all the time, 
 and has a good Sunday-school. The removal of the church 
 a few miles west of its former location, left some of its mem- 
 bers inconveniently situated in regard to attending the meet- 
 ings, and seemed to make room for a Baptist church at 
 Mound Station. Accordingly, several members in and 
 around that place organized a church there in the winter of 
 1878. The church being small in number, and weak finan- 
 cially, and having no house of their own in which to worship, 
 have not made much growth ; a few have been added to the 
 membership by baptism however, yet they still hold on their 
 way, ' faint, yet pursuing," and seem hopeful for the future. 
 There is room here to build up a good Baptist church in 
 time, and the field ought to be cultivated. 
 
 MT. STEELING BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 When the county-seat was located at Mt. Sterling, it was 
 felt to be very desirable to have a church established there 
 as soon as possible. Accordingly, a church of four members 
 was duly organized in December, 1840, and called the " Mt. 
 Sterling Baptist Church." It was a small beginning, and 
 to human appearance, their prospects were not encouraging, 
 for they were few in numbers and poor in this world's goods ; 
 but they had faith in God, and wrestled manfully for en- 
 enlargement and permanency, and the Lord prospered them. 
 They were supplied with preaching occasionally by Elds. 
 Bower and N. Parks, and received additions to their num- 
 ber by letter and by baptism. Their first pastor was Eld. 
 Calvin Greenleaf, who served them half the time for two 
 years. Under his ministry, the church was edified and en- 
 couraged. The next pastor was Eld. Henry Davis, who also 
 served them half the time for two years. Under his minis- 
 try, the membership was increased by several additions. 
 The third pastor was Eld. Joel Sweet, who also served them 
 half the time for two years. During his pastorate he held 
 
 an interesting protracted meeting, and many additions were 
 received to the church. Eld. H. Worden was next called 
 to the pastorate, and served them half the time for one year. 
 
 About this time, the church united with the Quincy 
 Association, and Eld. C. Harrington, the missionary of the 
 Association, supplied them with preaching occasionally for 
 one year. In December, 1851, Eld. L. Osborn, who had re- 
 cently moved into the neighborhood, was called to the pastor- 
 ate for half the time, and continued to serve them in that 
 capacity for several years. But the prosperity of the church 
 was seriously hindered by the want of a house of their own 
 in which to worship. Hitherto they had met in halls, at 
 private residences, and wherever they could find a place. 
 After much deliberation and prayer, they finally resolved to 
 build a house ; and in their letter to the Association, in 1852 
 said : "having resolved to arise and build a house for the 
 Lord, we earnestly solicit the sympathy, the prayers, and 
 material aid of our sister churches" It was a great under- 
 taking for such a weak body, but the demand was so urgent 
 that they felt impelled to make the effort. The house was 
 commenced in 1854, and was dedicated in 1856. It was 
 a good house, and cost about $1,200 ; near $300 of 
 which were contributed by other churches of the Associa- 
 tion. We can imagine how the little band felt, after such 
 an experience, to meet in their own house ; and with what 
 devout gratitude they could sing : " Praise God, from whom 
 all blessings flow !" etc. 
 
 In 1857, the church held special meetings, and were richly 
 blessed with revival, and several additions to the member- 
 ship ; and in 1858, they held another special meeting, with 
 good results. In November of this year, Eld. Osborn re- 
 signed the pastorate and moved to Payson, Adams county. 
 Eld. Wm. Leggett was then called to the pastorate, and re- 
 mained about one year. Eld Wm. Stewart, the missionary 
 of the Association, then supplied the church occasionally fur 
 a time; and late in the year 1860, Eld. T. S. Lowe was 
 called to the pastorate ; and the church was blessed with a 
 revival. In 1862, another refreshing season was enjoyed, 
 and large accessions made to the membership of the church 
 — the whole number now was 65. In 1863, Eld. Lowe and 
 several of the members went into the army. A Sunday-school 
 had been started in the church a little before this time, and 
 continued with encouraging prospects. Eld. T. Reese was 
 now called to the pastorate, and continued about two years. 
 In 1866, Eld. Lowe, having returned /rom the army, was 
 called to the pastorate again ; and large accessions were 
 made to the membership of the church, which was now in- 
 creased to seventy. In 1867, Eld. Wm. Hawker was called 
 to the pastorate for half the time, and continued to serve 
 them in that capacity for several years. Under his adminis- 
 tration, the church prospered, and in 1871, repaired their 
 house, at a cost of $300. From December, 1872, until 
 the next March there was no preaching, yet the prayer- 
 meetings were good, and the Sunday-school flourished. 
 
 In 1873, the Association met with the church, and in their 
 letter to that body it was said : '■ we have sold our old house, 
 and bought a larger and better located house of the O. S. 
 Presbyterians." In June, 1874, the records of the church
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 221 
 
 and roll of the membership were unfortunately destroyed by 
 fire. This loss was deeply felt by the church, and it has 
 caused much trouble and doubtless many imperfections in 
 the preparation of this sketch. On account of this loss, and 
 some internal troubles that arose about this lime, the church 
 was somewhat demoralized. Having no pastor, Eld. Hawker 
 was called as a supply, for the pulpit, and, after repeated 
 efforts, the church succeeded in getting into working order 
 again ; but it was weakened somewhat by their severe trials. 
 There is wonderful vitality in a church of Christ ; it may 
 have to sail over a troubled sea, and waves of difficulty may 
 dash into it, but if the Lord is with them, it will not sink ; 
 He will toon calm the troubled elements, and give it peace 
 again. So in 1875, in the letter to the Association, the 
 church reported Eld. Hawker pastor, and the conditions of 
 the church hopeful; and in February, 1876, Eld. J. W. 
 Coffman, by invitation, visited the church and baptized a 
 number. Bro. F. W. Parsons, a student from Alton, occu- 
 pied the pulpit during his vacation, and his labors were 
 well received. In January, 1877, Bro. J. J. Keeler, a licen- 
 tiate, visited the church and held special meetings ; his la- 
 bors were blessed, and additions to the church were received. 
 
 As Bro. Keeler was only a licentiate, Eld. Coffman visi- 
 ted the church again, baptized the candidates and adminis- 
 tered the supper. Bro. Keeler was now called to the pastor- 
 ate, and was duly ordained to the work of the ministry 
 May 10, 1877. Eld. Keeler gave all his time to the church 
 and his labors were highly appreciated. In 1879, Bro. F. 
 W. Parsons, a licentiate, was called to the pastorate, for all 
 his time ; and on May 1st, of the same year, was duly or- 
 dained to the work of the ministry. But the church found 
 itself too weak to give him a full support, and he closed his 
 labors before the year expired. Eld. David King, being on 
 a visit for his health and to see his friends at this time, sup- 
 plied the pulpit for a few months. Being without preaching 
 now, the church thought it a good time to make some very 
 much needed repairs to their house before calling another 
 pastor. They accordingly expended about 400 dollars for 
 that purpose, and put the house in good condition. 
 
 In 1882, Eld. J. Cornelius, the present pastor, was called 
 for half the time. His labors are well received and the 
 church is encouraged and looking for the Divine blessing. 
 In 1876, four or five churches in the county, which had 
 formerly belonged to the " Cooperstown Association of Union 
 Baptists," came into the Quincy Association ; thus identi- 
 fying themselves with the Missionary Baptists. The whole 
 county now, seems to be an inviting field for missionary la- 
 bor, and the Missionary Baptists ought to cultivate it ; it 
 would, doubtless, well repay their labor. 
 
 THE REGULAR BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 BY JAMES HARPER. 
 
 Who are also called Old school or Primitive Baptist from 
 their original standing as the Church of Christ. These 
 people were among the first settlers in Western Illinois, and 
 were subject to all the privations of a new country, and es- 
 
 tablished three churches in what is now called Brown coun- 
 ty before its organization as a county. Elder John Foster 
 as regular Baptist minister was the first preacher that we 
 have any account of preaching in this county. He settled 
 on the land now owned by George Hersman near Hersman, 
 and about the year 1839 he organized a Baptist church 
 about three-quarters of a mile south of Mt Sterling, of a 
 few immigrant Baptists, who met for worship under the 
 shade of a large elm tree. Soon after this Elder Wm. Taylor 
 commenced his labors in the southeast part of this county, 
 he was much esteemed and his labors much blessed. He 
 was soon assisted by Elder Elijah Bell who settled near La- 
 Grange. 
 
 In the year 1835, Elder Wm. Harper settled in what is 
 now called Harper Settlement, Willis O'Neal settled near 
 where Ripley now stands and he was the first Baptist settler 
 in this county. The Indians assisted him in building his 
 first house. He partook of their venison and they of his 
 pumpkins and squashes. Dr. Brisco a Baptist, was perhaps 
 the first doctor who settled here. Old father Wm. Kendrick, 
 wife and daughter Cusander, were among the first settlers, 
 with John Ausmus, Wm. Lanes and others in the year 1837, 
 Elder John Harper son of Wm. and brother to the writer, 
 came to Mt. Sterling, united with Mt. Pleasant church, he was 
 an able minister. Many of our early Baptist settlers lived to 
 a ripe old age. Rev. James Bullard died at the age of 96 
 years, Richard Briggs, 91 years and 7 months, John Briggs 
 and wife a little more than 91. They k^pt house over 
 seventy years. Elder Wm. Harper was 88 years old when 
 he died. There were many others lived to a great age and 
 and all died in peace. 
 
 MT. PLEASANT. 
 
 This was the first church that was organized in what is 
 now called Brown county. Elder John Foster having com- 
 menced his labors here about the year 1828 or 29, and in 
 the summer of 1829, he gathered together a few emigrant 
 Baptist, worshiping in an elm grove, near where Mt. Sterling 
 now stands. These brethren, to wit, Elder John Foster, 
 Wm. Davis, John Ausmus, Mark Riggins, Daniel Shelby, 
 Sister Ivens, with others whose names have been lost, in 
 Conference assembled mutually agreed to organize them- 
 selves into a social compact to be known as the Mt Pleas- 
 ant Church of Christ ; Elder John Foster being one of their 
 body, approved of the proceedings and pronounced them to 
 be the Church of Christ in orders. Elder John Foster was 
 chosen their first Moderator. This church met at private 
 houses and school-houses at different places on Six's prairie 
 till the year 1854, when they built a good church house 
 which will seat about 200 persons ; the present number of 
 members is 28. Their present Pastor is Elder T. B. Aus- 
 mus. Their house of worship is situated about four miles 
 north of Mt. Sterling, and in the past they have been prosper- 
 ous. Their first Pastor was John Foster. Since that they 
 have had the labors of Elders E. Bell, Wm. Harper, John 
 Harper, John Harvey, Wm. Hogan and J. W. Singleton. 
 In the year 1871 Elder James Harper was called to the 
 pastoral care of the church which at that time was at low
 
 222 
 
 HISTORY OF SCEVYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ebb. only numbering 13 member?. She soon began to in- 
 crease and in the year 1875 she numbered 43, and continued 
 prosperous for years. Elder T. B. Ausmus grew up among 
 them and in the year 1881 Elder Harper got a release from 
 that church ; Elder T. B. Ausmus now filling the pastoral 
 office. 
 
 CAMP CREEK. 
 
 Elders Wm. Taylor and E. Bell were the first ministers 
 who preached the Gospel iu the southeast part of what is 
 now Brown county. These ministers met the early settlers 
 at private houses and in groves, in their home spun and 
 buckskin clothes, where they preached to them the Gospel of 
 Christ. In Jul)' 1832 a few brethren and sisters met in the 
 house of James Bullard, near where Versailles now stands, 
 and mutually agreed to enter into a church compact and on 
 examination it was found that Elder Wm. Taylor, Rebecca 
 Perry, Elder Elijah Bell, Sarah Bridges, James Bullard, 
 Nancy Brown, Nathan Perry, Annis Bell, Elizabeth Perry 
 and Susannah Briggs, all had legal letters of recommenda- 
 tion from Baptist churches in good standing. They then 
 by mutual agreement sent to Mt. Pleasant and Mt. Zion 
 churches for their ordained help to constitute them into a 
 church of Christ. The churches sent Jesse Sutton and J. 
 Foster, who associated with them Elders Taylor and Bell, 
 who formed themselves into a presbytery by choosing Elder 
 Sutton moderator, and Elder Wm. Taylor clerk, who on exam- 
 ination ascertained the above named brethren and sisters to be 
 in good standing and orthodox, they were by said presbytery 
 pronunced to be the Church of Christ- — Sep. 25th, 1832. 
 
 Elder Wm. Taylor, Clerk. 
 
 Elder Jesse Sutton, Moderator. 
 
 The above named brethren and sisters proceeded to busi- 
 ness by first choosing Elder Wm. Taylor Moderator and 
 
 Clark second, named their church North Fork of 
 
 McKees creek. In the year 1837, they built a house to 
 worship in, on the waters of Camp creek, and changed the 
 name of the church to Camp creek ; this church was very 
 prosperous and had the labors of Elders Taylor and Bell, 
 Wm. Harper, Martin Daty, Wm. Hogau and others to 
 preach to them. In the year 1875 they built a house north- 
 west of Versailles about two miles. Their house will seat 
 about 175 persons. This church has been on the decline, 
 and only has seventeen members. Elder James Harper has 
 taken the pastoral charge,, he reports them in peace and 
 fellowship. 
 
 Jesse W. Hill, Clerk. 
 
 Elder James Harper, Moderator. 
 
 NEW SALEM CHURCH. 
 
 The original records of this church have been misplaced. 
 It is supposed to have been constituted by Elder John Harvey 
 and others in the year 1832, of legal members in good stand- 
 ing, who choose Elder John Harvey their first pastor. In 
 the year 1844 they erected a log house to worship in. Hav- 
 ing at that time Elder Wm. Hogan as their pastor, whose 
 labors was abundantly blessed ; in the year 1869 they erect- 
 ed a large frame building which will seat about 300 persons. 
 
 they also had the labors of Elder Peter Ausmus and Elder 
 B R. Warren, Cattrell and others, and was at one time 
 numbered as one of our largest churches. For some years 
 they have been destitute of a minister in their body, and their 
 number has diminished, many having sold oat and taken 
 letters, so that their present number is 26. They are in a 
 prosperous condition, having the labors of Elder J. Harper 
 as pastor for the present year. 
 Arthur Preece, Clerk. 
 
 James Harper, Moderator. 
 
 N. B. the above church is situated two-and-a-half miles 
 southeast of Mounds station in Brown county. 
 
 MT. GILEAD CHURCH. 
 
 This church was organized July 16th, 1842, by Elders 
 Wm. Harper and Elijah Bell at a school house in the Har- 
 per settlement, it was made up mostly of members who had 
 letters of dismission from Camp creek, there were nine in the 
 constitution. Elder Wm. Harper was their first pastor who 
 served them till age caused him to resign ; in 1850 Elder 
 Martin Daty was chosen pastor, for a year or two the church 
 increased very fast ; since his removal Elder Hogan served 
 the church to their satisfaction. In the year 1865, Elder John 
 Fanshier came among us and served the church as pastor 
 till 1871, James Harper was ordained an elder at which time 
 the church consisted of 22 msmbars ; from then till now the 
 writer has served the church to the best of his abilities as 
 pastor. In the fall of 1878 Elder D. W. Oiven came among 
 us and was associated with Elder Harper. This church 
 is prosperous ; has 64 members at the present time, and a 
 good house that will seat 200 persons. 
 
 The Mt. Gilead association of regular Baptists was organ- 
 ized at this church in the fall of 1842, consisting of the four 
 churches in this county with others combined, which asso- 
 ciation meets annually for the purpose of religious correspon- 
 dence and to report the statistics of the different churches 
 in the association. 
 
 Elder Wm. Roberts of Adams county was the first mod- 
 erator of the Mt. GileadJAssociation, and Willis O'Neal clerk. 
 At the present time Elder James Harper is moderator 
 and Laris Pulman clerk. Brother Pulman has served the 
 Mt. Gilead Association as clerk for nearly forty years. 
 
 We have given you a brief sketch of the above church 
 and association. 
 
 John A. McCay, Clerk. 
 
 James Harper, Moderator. 
 
 THE UNION BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 B\' REV. THOS. E. ROOT. 
 Prefatory Note. — After an extended and diligenfseareh for data from 
 which to write a history of the Union Baptists of Brown county, the 
 writer lias been compelled to rely chiefly on his memory for dates and 
 facts. While the latter are correct in substance, the former may lack 
 that accuracy so desirable even in a brief sketch like this. Hoping due 
 allowance will be made by the reader, and that proper bounds and 
 limits have not been transcended, and that sufficient interest may be 
 elicited in the mind of the reader to add something to the attrac- 
 tiveness of the book, it is submitted to the publisher.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 223 
 
 Rev. James W- Baldwin, the founder of the Uuion Bap- 
 tists of Illinois, was born in Butler county, Ohio, August 7, 
 1806. He made choice of the medical profession, and prac- 
 ticed as a Botanic physician at various places in Ohio and 
 Indiana, from 1826 until 1833. He was married first to 
 Miss Lydia Wiseman, August 30, 1830; second to Miss 
 Mary Ann Martin, June 23, 1845. He professed religion 
 June, 1833- This event caused a radical change in his 
 course of life. He joined the M. E Church, and was at 
 once chosen class leader. Before the expiration of his term 
 of probation— six months — he moved to McLean county, 111., 
 where he remained connected with the Methodists about two 
 years, then joined the Missionary Baptist Church at Ran- 
 dolph Grove. He was licensed to preach by that church in 
 1838. He moved to Mason county, 111., in 1840, and joined 
 the United Baptists at Mt. Zion Church. In 1841 he was 
 regularly ordained to the Gospel ministry ; elders Abraham 
 Bales, John L. Turner and Elijah Veatch officiating in his 
 ordination. He moved to Schuyler county in 1849, where 
 he remained preaching and practicing medicine until 1871, 
 when he moved to Brown county, locating on the old Lang- 
 don farm in Versailles township, where he still resides. 
 Father Baldwin — as he is familiarly called — is a man of 
 strong and purely honest convictions, eminently devout and 
 spiritually minded, and possessing no considerable degree of 
 education, and being endowed with no wonderful force of 
 intellect, it has ever been the wonder of those who have 
 heard his preaching, what power he has over men. Thou- 
 sands have been converted under his preaching, and some 
 of his converts made eminent ministers of the Gospel. The 
 Union Baptists agree with all oithodox Christian denomi- 
 nations with the following exceptions, viz,: They are anti- 
 Trinitarian, extremely Arminian, and they deny the natural 
 depravity of the human heart. They differ from the regular 
 Baptists in the term of communion at the Lord's table, ex- 
 tending the invitation to all Christians. They also hold to 
 washing of feet as a church ordinance. All Union Baptist 
 churches, organized prior to 1865, were identified or associ- 
 ated together for purposes of Gospel work, in what is known 
 as the " Illinois Conference of Union Baptists." In March 
 of that year the Cooperstown' Association was formed, and 
 was joined by nearly all the churches in Brown county. No 
 changes worthy of note were made in the articles of faith. 
 Owing to the death and the removal of several of the min- 
 isters in the association, it was disbanded in 1875. The 
 churches of which it was composed afterward became iden- 
 tified with other associations. 
 
 LITTLE CREEK CHURCH. 
 
 This church was organized by two United Baptist minis- 
 ters, named Kinman and Despain, probably as early as 1850. 
 It maintained a feeble existence until 1856, when it was vis- 
 ited by Elders A. H. Scott and A. Hodges, who induced the 
 church to join the conference of Union Baptists, since which 
 time it has been kept up with various degrees of prosperity 
 and adversity. They have a frame house of worship, 24x30 
 feet, built in 1870. It is situated in the northeast part of 
 Versailles township. 
 
 walker's neck church. 
 
 In December, 1857, Elders A. H. Scott and.H. H. Lasiter 
 came to the village of Buckhorn, in Lee township, and com- 
 menced preaching in a log school-house. After a few days, 
 several conversions occurred and a church was organized. 
 A house of worship was built in i860. It is a frame, 30x40, 
 and cost at that time §400. This church left the conference 
 to join the association in 1865. After the latter disbanded in 
 1875, it resumed its connection with the conference. 
 
 CAMP CREEK CHURCH. 
 
 Early in 1857 Father Baldwin held meetings in the Van- 
 deventer school-house (District No 3), in Versailles town- 
 ship. Several professed faith in Christ and were baptized, 
 and a church was organized. It continued with preaching 
 regularly and at intervals for several years, and finally dis- 
 banded in 1866. They were never able to build a house of 
 worship. 
 
 LOGAN CREEK CHURCH.. 
 
 This church was organized by elders David Collins and 
 S. J. Thacker in 1858. It flourished for several years, built 
 a neat frame house of worship 26 x 36. The house is still 
 there, but no regular meetings are held. This church 
 belonged to the Cooperstown association. It is situated four 
 and one half miles east of Mt. Sterling. 
 
 UNION CHURCH. 
 
 This church was built up by the labors of elders A. Hodges 
 and Jas. Kelly. Under the faithful and persistent labors of 
 elder J. M. Thomas a neat house of worship was built in 
 1866. It is situated at the foot of the bluff, two miles above 
 La Grange landing, and two and a half miles east of Coopers- 
 town. 
 
 M'KEE'S CREEK CHURCH. 
 
 Within one mile of the southwest corner of Brown county, 
 in a beautiful valley, this little church is situated. It was 
 organized by Rev. B. F. Cleaveland in 1860. It went into 
 the Cooperstown association, and when that body dissolved 
 in 1875, it adopted the articles of faith set forth by the 
 American Baptist Publication Society, and united with the 
 Quincy association. Their house of worship is a hewed log 
 structure twenty-four feet square. 
 
 PROVIDENCE CHURCH. 
 
 This church was organized by Rev. James Hummer in 
 1863. It is situated in Cooperstown. A neat, frame house 
 of worship was built in 1864, 32x40 feet. The Cooperstown 
 Association was organized at that place, and this 'church 
 joined it. When that body broke up, Providence Church 
 changed its name to "Cooperstown Church," and joined the 
 Quincy Association. It has no regular preaching at present 
 (1882; and exists only in name. 
 
 CROSS ROADS CHURCH. 
 
 This church came into existence in 1867, under the labors 
 of Rev. W. B. Williamson. It was for several years quite a 
 strong church, but deaths and removals have greatly reduced
 
 224 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 it so that it is now'quite a feeble body. It joined the Cooper- 
 town Association, and upon its dissolution it joined the Sandy 
 Creek Association. It has had regular monthly preaching 
 with very few exceptions ever since its foundation. 
 
 VERSAILLES CHURCH. 
 
 This was organized by elders W. B. and C. S. Williamson 
 in 1868. The membership being few and very limited in 
 means, its existence was of short duration. It sent dele- 
 gates to one session of the association. 
 
 The Law school-house, four miles west of Versailles, was 
 once a regular point for preaching, and for a short time a 
 feeble organization existed (1860), but was of very short 
 duration. 
 
 UNITED BAPTISTS. 
 
 About the year 1859, a regular missionary Baptist min- 
 ister, named T. S. Lowe, held meetings at the Council school- 
 house in Elkhorn township. Several persons were converted, 
 and attached to an arm of the Mt. Sterling Church. This 
 afterward proved the neucleus for a church. Subsequently 
 elders James Allen and J. B. Bobbins preached there, and 
 organized a church. It belongs to the Sandy creek associa- 
 tions. Its name is " Union." It maintains regular monthly 
 preaching. 
 
 MOUNT ZION CHURCH. 
 
 In 1866 Mr. Dennis Smith, a layman, held prayer and 
 exhortation meetings at the Hall school-house, two miles 
 south of Versailles. Several persons professed conversion, 
 and afterward Bev. James Allen labored among the people 
 and organized a church. It has at present a feeble existence, 
 holding meetings in a log house known as theFrisby Chapel. 
 The Union Baptists have at present two ordained ministers 
 residing in Brown county, viz.: James W. Baldwin and 
 John Tucker. The United Baptists have three, Geo. W. 
 Lear, Henry Stuller, and William H. Boss. 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 BY REV. J. G. LOWRIE. 
 
 There are at present four Presbyterian churches in Brown 
 county, viz : the First Presbyterian church of Mt. Sterling, 
 the Olive, the Hersman and the Lee churches. 
 
 The First church is the parent society from which all 
 other Presbyterian organizations in the county have sprung. 
 A brief sketch of each of these churches, in the order above 
 given, is all that we propose in this article. 
 
 THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF MT. STERLING 
 
 Was organized, in a grove, by the Rev. Cyrus L. Watson, 
 July 12th, 1835, two years after the organization of the 
 town. The original members were John Means, Patsey B. 
 Means, Alexander Curry, Elizabeth Curry, John Rankin, 
 Mary Rankin, Obed Griffith, Mary Curry, Henry Hersman, 
 Elizabeth Hersman, Mary Hersman, George Hersman, 
 Susan Hersman, Jacob Hersman, Sarah Hersman, Jane 
 
 Brazleton, Samuel R. Ware, Joseph Cox, and Cyntha Cox 
 — nineteen persons. Of this little band none now remain 
 connected with this church. At the time of division in 1837 
 this organization adhered to the new school. 
 
 A FEW FIRST THINGS. 
 
 The first infants baptized were James H. Hersman and 
 Susan A. Means, June 4th, 1836, by Rev. L. W. Dunlap. 
 The first convert was Sarah Hamilton, Aug. 25th, 1836. 
 The first death was that of Sarah Griffith, Dec 25th, 1836, 
 Aged 23. 
 
 PASTORS. 
 
 The first regular minister of the church was Rev. L. W. 
 Dunlap, who was choosen as stated supply July 3d. 1836, 
 and continued from year to year until 1844. Mr. Dunlap 
 at that time accepting a call to Columbus, the church was 
 vacant until Dec. 28th, 1845, when Rev. B. Y. Messenger 
 was choosen as supply for one year. Mr. Dunlap was re- 
 called May 7th, 1848, and continued to serve the church 
 until April 1863. Rev. Alexander Duncan was called to 
 the pastorate Oct. 1863, and after serving one year was duly 
 installed, the relation continuing until July 1876. Rev. J. 
 G. Lowrie was called to the pastorate Sept. 24th, 1876, 
 began his labors Dec. 1st, 1876, and was installed Oct. 27th 
 1878. 
 
 ELDERS* 
 
 The original elders of the church were John Means, 
 Henry Hersman, Obed Griffith and Alexander Curry. The 
 following elders were subsequently elected : R. H. Hurlbert 
 and John H. Curry Aug. 13th 1837, Robt. N. Curry July 
 20th 1838, Joseph M.Phillips and A. J. F. Prevost, Oct. 
 26th 1839, Daniel Kendrick and Jacob Hersman Aug 18th 
 1844, Dr. J. N. Allen and E. F. Crane Jan. 18th 1851, J. 
 R. Curry Sept. 19th 1858, Dr. C. N. Irwin, Jas. H. Hers- 
 man and F. D. Crane April 10th 1870. 
 
 COLONIES. 
 
 Eight members were dismissed Dec. 18th 1841, to.be or- 
 ganized into a Presbyterian church at Versailles, III. This 
 enterprise was not permanently successful, and on Aug. 18th 
 1844, five of the original colonists, together with three new 
 members, eight in all, returned to the parent church. Seven 
 members were dismissed Jan. 31st, 1851, to be organized into 
 a Presbyterian church at Walker's Neck, being subsequently 
 known as the Mt. Pleasant Presbyterian church. Twenty- 
 seven members were dismissed Oct 15th, 1875, to be or- 
 ganized into a Presbyterian church at Hersman, III. 
 
 BUILDINGS. 
 
 The first church edifice was erected in 1837. In 1853 the 
 first building was sold and the house now occupied was 
 erected at a cost of 83,900. The chapel begun in 1868, was 
 occupied for the first time Jan. 1869. The parsonage begun 
 in 1863, was first occupied June 1864. It cost $1,900. In 
 1877 and '78 the church was partially refurnished, both 
 church and parsonage were repainted and a new fence was 
 built around the entire church and parsonage grounds. 
 
 In 1881 the chapel was enlarged and a new Infant Class
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 225 
 
 Room built, at a cost of $1000. Besides this expenditure, 
 the church contributed, in 1881, $2000 toward benevolence 
 and self-support. The present membership is 164. The Sab- 
 bath-school numbers 200. Mr. E. F Crane has been, for 
 thirty years, the faithful and efficient superintendent of this 
 school. 
 
 THE OLIVE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 This church owes its origin to the division into old and 
 new school, which took place in the Presbyterian church of 
 the United States in 1837. Nine members at the dis- 
 ruption adhered to the Old School, but continued to worship 
 wiih their New School Inthren until 18E3 when they with- 
 drew and built a separate house of worship being known as 
 the Second Presbyterian church of Mt. Sterling. The re- 
 cords of this church are los f . It was supplied with preach- 
 ing with more or less regularity by Rev. L. W. Dunlap, 
 Rev. Mr. McGruder, .Rev. J. H Marshall, Rev. G. W. Ash 
 and others until 1875, when the building in town was sold 
 to the Baptists, and a new house erected in the country, the 
 organization being thenceforth known as the Olive church. 
 The Rev. A. W. Tauner supplied the church from Oct. 
 1875 until Oct. 1877, and the Rev. R. T. Pressley from Oct. 
 1877 until Oct. 1881. The property of this church is valued 
 at $1000. The elders are Thomas Vale and Benjamin 
 Riggs. The present membership is 35. The church is now 
 supplied by the pastor of the First Church. 
 
 THE HERSMAN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 As related above, this church was organized by a colony 
 from the First Church, Oct. 1875. The Rev. A. W. Tau- 
 ner supplied the congregation from this time until Oct. 
 1877, when the Rev. R. T. Pressley was called as stated 
 supply, which position he still holds. The church property 
 is valued at $1200. The elders are : Henry Hersman, Geo. 
 W. Means, James H. Hersman, Abraham Hersman and 
 Jefferson Fry. The church membership is 69. The Sab- 
 bath School membership is 100. 
 
 THE LEE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 The Lee Church occupies the site of the old Mt. Pleasant 
 Church, which was organized in 1851 by a colony from the 
 First Church. The Mt. Pleasant Church, first supplied by 
 Rev. L. W. Dunlap, became in a few years quite flourishing. 
 Aid being secured from the Board of Church Erection, a 
 comfortable house ot worship was built and a large congre- 
 gation was gathered under the ministration of Rev. Geo. F. 
 Davis who supplied the church for seventeen years. Disturb- 
 ing elements, however, began to appear some time before Mr. 
 Davis resigned the charge, and the church gradually dwin- 
 dled away until it was dissolved by order of the Presbytery 
 in 1872. The first successful effort to revive the cause of 
 Presbyterianism at Mt. Pleasant was that of the founders of 
 the Lee Church. This church, though comprising some of 
 the elements of the old organization, was organized de novo, 
 The Rev. A. W. Tauner, who had been devoting part of his 
 time to this congregation for a year previous.to this, continued 
 to supply them until fall. In Dec. 1877 the Rev. R. T. Press- 
 ley began his labors here. Owing largely to his personal 
 29 
 
 exertions, funds were secured to build a new house, which 
 was completed at acost of $1700, and dedicated April 30th, 
 1882. The elders are Stephen Miller and W. O. Whipple. 
 The present membership is 23. The present condi- 
 tion of all these Presbyterian Churches is favorable. The 
 utmost harmony and good will prevails between them, and 
 the outlook lor the future is full of hope. 
 
 CHRISTIAN CHURCH. 
 
 BY A. P. STEWART. 
 
 Preachers of the Christian Church came into the vicinity 
 of Mt. Sterling as early as the year 1836, pleading for the 
 formation of congregations on the basis of the Bible alone, 
 as the rule of faith and practice. They came as plain men, 
 among a plain people, insisting that the Divinity of Christ 
 was the central idea of the Gospel, and to believe from the 
 whole heart that Jesus was the Christ, the son of the Living 
 God, was the faith of the Gospel, and that a deep and pro- 
 found sorrow for past sins, and sincere turning from sin and 
 Satan, to Christ, and to a life of righteousness, was Gospel 
 repentance ; and that the immersion in water into the name 
 of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, of each penitent 
 believer was Gospel Baptism. 
 
 And that the names given to the people of God in the 
 New Testament are the only authorized names for the 
 children of God, and that all sectarian names, such as are 
 worn by the denominations of Christendom, tend only to 
 divide God's people, and build up parties and sects, instead 
 of the one Church of God, and that the New Testament 
 of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ was the only creed that 
 could be adopted for the instruction and government of 
 Christians without disloyalty to Christ, the Head of the 
 Church, and that the followers of Christ, by making and 
 using a creed of their own devising, made void the Word of 
 God and authority of Christ to the exact extent to which 
 their own was used in matters pertaining to their faith, prac. 
 tice, and government. 
 
 In this plain way was faith in, and obedience to Christ, 
 love to God and to mankind urged upon the people in the 
 name and by the authority of God, as opportunity presented, 
 through the years intervening from '36 to '43, by preachers 
 of various talents and attainments, from the most humble to 
 the most exalted. 
 
 John Price, Esq., living two miles east of Mt. Sterling, one 
 of the most intelligent, zealous, and active members of the 
 Church of Christ, and well-to-do farmers of his day, opened 
 his house to the preachers, brethern, and neighbors for the 
 public worship of God. And for several years most of the 
 preaching, prayers, and social nreetings were field at the 
 hospitable home of this man of sainted memory. His son, 
 J. W. Price, who had a musical voice and a talent for sing- 
 ing, starting the hymns to good old Kentucky tunes. And 
 such was the consequent growth of the cause that in 1843 a 
 congregation was organized in Mt. Sterling, beginning soon 
 thereafter the erecti m of a meeting-house, which to them, at
 
 226 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 that time, required a great effort and financial sacrifice. Thus 
 a plain and humble house, which stands to this day on Main 
 Street, was opened to the public worship of God. 
 
 From this time forward the meetings were mostly discon- 
 tinued at the houses of the different members in the country 
 and a united effort made to build up the church in Mt. Ster- 
 ling. The preaching had been done in the first place by 
 itinerant preachers who chanced to come along, among whom 
 were the following elders and evangelists : John B. Curl, 
 Alexander Reynolds, Thomas Brockman, Barton W. Stone, 
 Elder Knox, John Bigdon, Jacob Creath, James Ross, 
 Walter Bowles, with occasional sermons by Alexander 
 Campbell, D. P. Henderson, Robt. Foster, and by Elder John 
 S. Sweeney, then a young man of extraordinary gifts, both 
 as a teacher and orator, in a protracted meeting of marvel- 
 ous power and success. But to the long and faithful labors 
 of a resident minister, »'. e., John Taylor, a man of modest mien, 
 humble attainments, but good natural abilities, and a spotless 
 name, was due more than to any other minister the per- 
 manent growth and spread of the cause in this region of coun- 
 try. William M. Brown, of Springfield, made frequent visits 
 to the county. He was a man of great power and success in 
 the pulpit, who by his matchless logic and eloquence attracted 
 large audiences wherever he spoke, and made many converts 
 to the cause, especially among the thinking and reasoning 
 portion of the community. In later years the Church in Mt. 
 Sterling had the services of the following ministers to hold 
 meetings, or as regular preachers : Peter Donan, D. R 
 Lucas. P. D. Vermillion, S. M. Conor, J. T. Smith, and A. 
 P. Stewart, who is the present pastor. The cause was sustain- 
 ed largely by preachers and evangelists and by the fol" 
 lowing members of the Church, from time to time, through 
 all its struggles for life and growth : Nathan Ken- 
 drick, John B. Price, B. D. Stout, Clark Dennis, Thomas 
 S. Brockman, William H. Bates, John M'Millen, Robert 
 M Millen, John R. Brockman, A. A. Glenn, Levi Lusk, 
 W. L. Vaudeventer, James Ritchey, and George H. Lebo. 
 The congregation now numbers about one hundred and 
 seventy-four, about three-fourths of whom are females ; is 
 free from debt, in a good and prosperous condition, and exert, 
 ing a wholesome influence for good in the community. 
 
 HAZEL DELL. 
 
 This congregation was organized in the year 1870, and 
 proceeded at once (without begging over the country) to 
 build a meeting-house, all the people of the community, 
 with but few exceptions, entering into the enterprise with 
 heart and hand, and in a short time a well-finished and com. 
 fortable meeling-house, situated two miles east of Mt. Ster- 
 ling, on the Ripley Road, was dedicated to the service of God. 
 The first preaching in the neighborhood which resulted in 
 the organization of this congregation was done by Elder 
 Robinson in the year 1869. There had lived for some time 
 in the vicinity several members, who served as a nucleus for 
 the establishment of a Church. After their house was com- 
 pleted they made arrangements for regular preaching, and 
 have continued ever since their regular appointments, and in 
 
 addition have endeavored to hold a protracted meeting each 
 year. Successful serial meetings, each adding a considerable 
 number of members to the Church, have been held by 
 Elders Robinson, Grissem, Smith, Cottingham, Stewart, 
 Patterson and Stanley. As regular pastors, they have had 
 the services of Robinson, Smith, Stewart, and Patterson, 
 the last named being the pastor of the church at this time. 
 About the year 1865 a Sunday School was organized in the 
 school-house, near the present site of the church, by the 
 Presbyterians of Mt. Sterling, and they had occasional 
 preaching by the pastor of their church ; but no progress 
 was made towards the development and establishment of 
 Presbyterianism in the community. The officers of the con- 
 gregation are George Kendrick, Lemuel Coppage, John 
 Dennis, and Lewis Cass Perry, to whose long and faithful 
 labors as superintendent of the Sabbath School, leader of 
 the congregation, and unbounded liberality, the present 
 prosperous condition of the Church is largely due. 
 
 MOU>*D STATION. 
 
 Previous to the year 1868 there lived in the vicinity of 
 Mound, a few worthy disciples, who interested themselves to 
 secure preaching, and build up a congregation at that place. 
 Elder P. D. Vermillion, and several other ministers, were 
 induced to come occasionally and preach a few days at a 
 time ; and with the co-operation of such men as Laughlin, 
 the Coopers, Webb, Oliver, and Ausmus, other good men of 
 the community were enlisted in the cause, and a good meet- 
 ing-house was built, in which the congregation has since re- 
 gularly met. This congregation has suffered greatly by 
 emigration to the West, losing in this way as high as fifteen 
 members in a single season, so that when they were organized 
 by P. D. Vermillion tbey were almost as strong in numbers 
 as they are now. They have had the services for protracted 
 meetings and regular pastoral work of the following men : 
 P. D. Vermillion, Elders Grissem, McPherson, D- R- Lucas, 
 T. W. CottiDgham, A. P. Stewart, T. M. Weaver, and E. J. 
 Lampton. There have been two religious discussions held 
 at this place, the first in March, 1878, which lasted six days, 
 .conducted on the part of the church by A. P.Stewart, of 
 Mt. Sterling, his opponent being Elder Yates, of the Mis- 
 sionary Baptist Church, who resided at that time at Payson, 
 in Adams Co., 111. A good and kind Christian feeling was 
 maintained throughout on both sides, and the community 
 had an opportunity to learn the differences there were in the 
 views and teaching of the two Churches. The other discus- 
 sion was held in the spring of 1879, and continued four days, 
 of four hours each, conducted by D. R. Lucas, of the Chris- 
 tian Church, and Elder Thompson, of the Regular Baptist. 
 Both disputants acted throughout as Christian gentlemen, 
 and the community enjoyed the opportunity of hearing what 
 could be brought to the support of unconditional election on 
 the one hand, and free will on the other. The Church has 
 at present among its membership some of the first men of 
 the village and surrounding country. The officers of the 
 church are : Professor John Moore, Allen Webb, Robert 
 Long, John Amriu, and George Ausmus-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 227 
 
 VERSAILLES. 
 
 This congregation was organized about the year 1869. 
 W. S. Henry was the elected elder, and A. G. Lucas 
 preached for them part of the time. The membership in- 
 creased slowly until 1874, when they resolved to build a meet- 
 ing-house. After the frame was raised, and before it was 
 enclosed, a storm blew it down, causing the members to be- 
 come somewhat discouraged, but they went to work with a 
 will, and soon after had a meeting-house finished and de- 
 dicated. Elder Robinson held a good meeting, after which 
 Elder G. F. Adams conducted a successful serial, adding 
 some thirty members to their number. A meeting was held 
 by Elder A P. Stewart (who was preaching for the Church 
 once a month), at which about twenty-five were added. The 
 church now numbered one hundred and twenty-five, embrac- 
 ing some of the leading farmers in the vicinity of the village.' 
 Elder Walling was the next pastor. His successor was T. 
 W. Weaver, who in time was followed by Elder C. H. Pat- 
 terson, who is the present pastor. The following are some 
 of the men who have sustained the church from the begin- 
 ning : W. S. Henry, George Patton, Wait Willey, the 
 M'Daniel family, Swihart, and J. S. Chenoweth. Many years 
 ago there had been a small organization at this place, sus- 
 tained by Mr. Casteen and a Mr. Hume, two of the early 
 settlers in the community ; but at their death the organiza- 
 tion went down. The present congregation have a comfort- 
 able house to worship in, with about two thousand dollars, 
 and plenty of means among the members to sustain a good 
 work. The officers of the church at present are : J. S 
 Chenoweth, Ashford M'Daniel, and W. S. Henry. 
 
 RIPLEY. 
 
 The Church here was organized in the year 1842 by John 
 Taylor, a man who had done an immense amount of preach- 
 ing in the county. Being a plain and good man, and zealous 
 in his work, he had abundaut success. This Church also 
 had for many years the constant labors of Elder Alpheus 
 Brown, a plain, old-fashioned, forcible preacher of the 
 Gospel, who had the confidence of the entire community, and 
 who consequently added many members to the church, until 
 she, at one time, numbered three hundred members, and was 
 also strong financially, but she was afterward divided by the 
 Seventh Day Advents, and has never since reached her 
 former power and influence. She has had preaching by a 
 great many ministers of more than ordinary ability, although 
 Taylor and Brown did more than all others as ministers to- 
 wards building up the Church. The congregation have had 
 the labors of the following preachers from time to time : J. S. 
 Sweeney, Elder Price, J. T. Smith, Patterson, Stewart, and 
 Stanley. The following persons have been faithful members 
 for many years, and have contributed largely to the succe c s 
 of the church: P. A. H>ws, Mirion Stout, N.iuc/ Tebo, 
 W. A. Clark, John Adams, L. D. Stoffer, S. Glenn, Mrs- 
 Haukins, and Mrs. Hardin. The 'church is sustained now 
 mostly by Marion Stout, the Staffers, Irwin Bassett, Burns, 
 the Clarks, and J. N. Stout. Tliey have a house worth 
 twelve hundred dollars, and there is nothing in the way to 
 hinder them from building up a strong church again. 
 
 BELL SCHOOL-HOUSE. 
 
 Four miles north of Mt. Sterling, at what is known as 
 Bell School- House, there is a congregation of about 50 mem- 
 bers, representing quite a number of excellent families, who 
 meet regularly on the first day of the week. They were or- 
 ganized by Elder J. T. Smith, pastor at that time of the 
 church in Mt. Sterling, about the year 1875, he having pre- 
 viously preached for a number of disciples living in that 
 neighborhood. By a successful meeting he held, and by 
 preaching from time to time as he had the opportunity, h? 
 succeeded in thus establishing this little church in the school- 
 house of the neighborhood. The congregation have among 
 their number several families of considerable means, and it is 
 their purpose in the early future to erect in the neighbor- 
 hood a meeting-house, and thus lay the foundation for the 
 permanent success of the cause among them. Of the 
 preachers who have labored for them, more or less, we name 
 the following :— J. T. Smith, Elder Houke, A. P. Stewart 
 and Elders Ebey and Fuller. The officers of the congrega- 
 tion at present are, Elders J. V. Cox, and Ira Bell and Pey- 
 ton Keith. 
 
 COOPERTOWN. 
 
 There is a church of 45 members at this place, organized 
 by Elder T. W. Cottiugham, of Chambersburg, in December, 
 1881. The first preaching was by A. P. Stewart, in the 
 fall of 1878, when about twenty were enrolled, most of 
 whom had been members at other places. Late in the year 
 1879 Elder Cottingham held a meeting, adding several to 
 the list ; and, during the summer of 1881, Elders Patterson 
 and Stanley held a meeting, in which eight more were 
 added. This was followed by a meeting by Cottingham, 
 which resulted in the organization of a church out of the 
 numbers that still remained in the community. There is 
 nothing in the way here to hinder a large and flourishing 
 church, as the material already comprises some of the best 
 men in the community. The officers of the congregation are 
 Wm. Greenwell, Hop Greenwell, and Poll Cox, all of whom 
 are excellent men. 
 
 THE ADVENT CHRISTIAN CHURCH. 
 
 BY MRS. E. S. MANSFIELD. 
 
 The question of the near, personal coming of Christ, which 
 was quite extensively agitated in America, and in many 
 parts of Europe and Asia, between the years A. c, 1820 
 and 1842, was first introduced among the people of Mt. 
 Sterling in the winter of 1812, by the Rev.. H A. Chitten- 
 don of New York, in a course of able lectures on the 
 Prophetic Scriptures, which doubtless laid the foundation 
 for more successful future work on the part of others. 
 
 In 1850 Rev. Samuel K. Chapman of Hartford, Conn , 
 came to this State and preached more or less in different 
 parts of the county for two or three years, when a number 
 of adherents to the faith were gained, and worshiping as- 
 semblies were established in various localities. 
 
 In 1854 Rev. A. S. Calkins from the State of Connecticut
 
 228 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 located in Illinois, and continued to preach here occasion- 
 ally for a term of years. 
 
 In 1855 Rev- J. C. By water of New York preached at 
 Buckhorn, the first sermon on the subject, known as the 
 Life and Death Question, asserting that mankind are 
 mortal; and that immortality is a thing to be sought for, 
 " by a patient continuance in well doing ;" and only ob- 
 tained through faith and obedience to Christ, the Life- Giver, 
 who will, by a resurrection at the last day, give eternal life 
 and immortality to His people who serve Him ; and that 
 the dead are silent in their grave until called forth to judg- 
 ment at the second coming of Christ to judge the world and 
 reward his people. 
 
 This view so consistently blended with the doctrine of 
 Christ's return to earth, already received by them, and in 
 fact made that event a reasonable necessity, that, notwith- 
 standing opposition on the part of many others, the view 
 was generally received by those having faith iu the nearness 
 of the event. 
 
 During the same year, Rev. Walter Pratt removed from 
 Boston, Mass., to Moline, 111., and the year following, 
 traveled and preached all through the county. About the 
 same time Rev. Moses Chandler came to this county as a 
 Gospel laborer. 
 
 In 1855 Rev. D. R Mansfield and his talented wife, who 
 together held pastoral charge at Buchanan, Mich.-, were in- 
 vited to come and hold tent meetings in different parts of 
 the county. Buildings were also opened for their use ; much 
 interest was manifested and many were added to their num- 
 ber. 
 
 In 1859 a church was formally organized at Mt. 
 Pleasant, numbering at one time forty members. Churches 
 were also organized at Ripley and at Buckhorn. Elder 
 Larkin Scott, an esteemed citizen of Hancock county, con- 
 tinued to preach in those churches from 1855, more or less, 
 for several years, encouraging and strengthening the be- 
 lievers, and by his earnest and faithful labor, endeared 
 himself to the people generally; and has long been regarded 
 as truly a Father in Israel. 
 
 Notwithstanding the loss of many by death, and removal 
 to other parts, and amid all the " ups and downs" of this 
 changeable life, a goodly number of highly esteemed citizens 
 have stood the test of yeare, and, although at times they 
 have failed to maintain regular church services, yet they 
 still remain firm in faith, and the different churches have 
 been combined in one, and their present condition is quite 
 hopeful. 
 
 They are now reorganized under the name of the 
 " Advent Christian Church of Lee Township," and have 
 been admitted into the Central Illinois Advent Christian 
 Conference, which convened in quarterly session at Mound 
 Station, May 3d, 1882, by invitation of this church. 
 
 During this session they were reorganized, as above stated, 
 on the 6th of May, 1882. 
 
 The denominational name, Adventist, however, embraces 
 several distinct branches ; each having separate church rela- 
 tions, conferences, musion societies, publishing and financial 
 interests. 
 
 The Church of Lee Township adheres to the branch 
 represented by the " World's Crisis," the denominational 
 organ, published weekly at Boston, Mass., by the " Ameri- 
 can Advent Christian Publication Society." This is by far 
 the largest and leading division. 
 
 As a people they are quite generally averse to any speci- 
 fied creed or articles of faith ; leaving the way open for a 
 difference of opinion upon minor points of doctrine. There 
 are, however, leading essential points, which give them their 
 identity as a distinct people, upon which they are nearly all 
 agreed. 
 
 A brief summary of the leading doctrines believed and 
 taught is herein set forth. 
 
 They believe in the one, true and living God, as the 
 creator of all things in Heaven and earth. That mankind 
 •was created upright and endowed with the power of choice. 
 That to our first parents, Adam and Eve, was given domin- 
 ion over all the earth, with only one limitation, which was 
 to test their fidelity to God. That they were on probation 
 for eternal life, with death as a warning and penalty for 
 disobedience. That by transgression they lost their domin- 
 ion, forfeited the only life they possessed, incurred the 
 penalty, and thus brought death upon the entire race ; were 
 driven from the garden and shut out from the tree of life 
 That God still loved and pitied iu their helplessness, and 
 gave them a chance to recover from this sad condition by a 
 promise couched in the words, " The setd of the woman 
 shall bruise the serpent's head." That this promised seed 
 was Christ, and that, in due time, as the only begotten Son 
 of God, he was born of woman, and subjected to all of the 
 temptations of humanity ; yet without sin. That he offered 
 as a sacrifice for a fallen world, a sinless, spotless life ; by 
 which act he purchased the right to redeem from a state of 
 death all who were made subject to it by the transgression 
 of the first man, Adam. That on the third day after the 
 crucifixion, God raised this same Jesus from the dead ; who 
 ascended up into Heaven, and now sits at the right hand of 
 the Father as Mediator between God and man. That we 
 have redemption from the effects of the original sin, through 
 his atoning sacrificial offering, and that we have pardon and 
 justification from our individual sins only as we accept Him 
 by faith as our Saviour, and confess and forsake sin, and 
 yield obedience to the pure principle of his life. That in 
 the end of the Gsspel age, which they believe to be near; the 
 Son' of God shall leave the mediatorial throne and come as 
 he went away — " in the clouds of Heaven." That there 
 will then be a resurrection of the dead, both of the just and 
 the unjust, and at that time and not before, shall he 
 '' reward every man as his work shall be." — That evil-doers 
 shall be cut off, and forever destroyed. That the righteous 
 living shall be changed, and together with those who have 
 slept in Jesus, be clothed upon with immortality and eternal 
 life to die no more. That the curse shall be taken off from 
 the whole earth, and the lost .dominion restored, and the tree 
 of life brought back, and the loyal subjects of Christ, the 
 second Adam, reinstated iu a purified earth, with Christ as 
 their King and ruler ; and thus the prayer of our Lord be 
 fulfilled as taught us, "Thy kingdom come, and thy will be
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 229 
 
 done on earth as it is done in Heaven;" and the long-promised 
 blessing to the meek, of an inheritance in the earth, be 
 given. That as the capital and great metropolis of the 
 renewed earth, the New Jerusalem shall be brought, with 
 its golden streets and pearly gates, open ever to the 
 redeemed host out of every nation, kindred, tongue and 
 people, and the Lamb shall lead them by fountains of living 
 waters ; they shall hunger no more ; they shall thirst no 
 more ; and there shall be no more pain ; and the fountain of 
 tears shall be dried ; and the cause of weeping be forever 
 removed. 
 
 HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH. 
 
 It is to us a source of regret that we have not been able 
 to give a more complete history of the Catholic Church. 
 Its great antiquity, its wonderful vitality, and its power in 
 the past and in the preseut, as a civilizing agent, demand 
 for it a page wherever church history has a place. But it 
 has been our misfortune that the clergy, to whom it would 
 seem proper to go for information concerning the church, 
 have been residents of their parishes for only a comp;ra- 
 tively short period of time. Tradition seem3 to have sealed 
 her lips to much she commonly relates, and we must content 
 ourselves with a comparatively meager history. There are 
 in Brown County at present three Catholic churches, two at 
 Mount Sterling, and one at Versailles. 
 
 8T. MARY'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. 
 
 The first Catholics in Brown County were James Foley 
 and Mary, his wife, of Mount Sterling. Devoted to their 
 faith, they became the nucleus around which gathered the 
 strength and growth of the Catholic church in Brown 
 County. For a number of years prior to the establishment 
 of any church Mount Sterling had been visited by Bishop 
 Porter and Archbishop Keudrick, and mass had been said 
 by them at private houses. Their efforts were fruitful in 
 spreading the Catholic faith, and there naturally grew up 
 the felt need of a church. Hugh Cullivan, Thomas O'Ha a, 
 and five others applied for a pastor, and Rev. Father Gal- 
 lagher became the first resident priest of St. Mary's, which 
 was organized in the year 1848; with about six or eight 
 families, numbering in all about forty souls. It was in that 
 year that the first church edifice was built. This was a 
 small, though for that comparatively early day, a respect, 
 able and seemly brick building, erected at a cost of $400, 
 and with a seating capacity of about 300. It stood on a 
 piece of ground now owned by Mr. Davis, not far from the 
 present Court House, on a narrow street parallel to North 
 street. This continued to be the house of worship for the 
 church of St. Mary's till the erection of the present fine and 
 commodious brick edifice oh Norlh street. This building 
 was begun in the year 1862, and completed at a cost of 
 about $10,000. It has at present a membership of about 
 one hundred and fifty families, numbering about tight hun- 
 dred people. It has a capacity for accommodating about 
 one thousand worjhippers, aud s the largest and mo.-t sub- 
 
 stantial church edifice in the county. The trustees consist 
 at present of the bishop of the diocese, the vicar-general, 
 the pastor, Rev. Father Clifford, and two laymen. Among 
 the resident priesta'of St. Mary's may be mentioned, besides 
 Father Gallagher, the names of Fathers Dampsey, McCabe, 
 Prindergast, Cogan, and the present incumbent, Clifford. 
 The appurtenances of the church are a fine brick parson- 
 age, completed in 1880, and a brick school-house, built in 
 1874. The school is in a flourishing condition, having an 
 attendance of eighty pupils, and it is taught by sisters. 
 The total value of the church property is $20,000. 
 
 ST. Joseph's catholic church. 
 
 This church was organized from St. Mary's in the year 
 1869, for the German Catholics, with a membership of 
 about thirty-five families. The first lay trustees were 
 Everitt Schoner and Frank Hense. The church edifice, 
 which stands on South street, Mt. Sterling, is an unpre- 
 tentious frame building. It was built in the year 1869, at 
 a cost of about $200(1, and is capable of accommodating 
 three hundred and fifty worshippers. The membership at 
 present numbers seventy-five families. The present trustees 
 are the bishop, the vicar-general, the pastor, Rev. Father 
 Locher, and Laymen Andrew Hoffmann and John Schoon- 
 hover. The first pastor of St. Joseph's was Father 
 Cornelius Hoffman, who resided with the church about one 
 and a-half years. Fa; her Claus remained but a month or 
 two. Affer his retirement the congregation received attend- 
 ance by a father from Quincy till the arrival of Father 
 Paulinus Weiss, who remained with the church for about 
 one year. Father Mark, the next pastor, after a short resi- 
 dence, was succeeded in 1 874 by the present pastor, Father 
 Locher. There are, appurtenant to the church, the parson- 
 age, an elegant frame building, erected on the west side of 
 South street, at a cost of $2,400, aud a school building, situ- 
 ated on the same street, in which is taught the parochial 
 school, with an attendance of from sixty to seventy pupils. 
 The total church property at present does not iu value far 
 exceed $-3,000. The present church building is soon to be 
 superseded by a more pretentious structure of brick, and it 
 will then be made to do duty as a school building. 
 
 Thire is at Versailles a small Catholic society, consisting 
 of about twelve families, who worship in a neat little 
 church, formerly a public school building, purchased by the 
 society at a cost of $500. This society is under the pastoral 
 charge of Rev. Father Clifford, who holds services with 
 them once a month. 
 
 THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. 
 
 BY B. A. MeCOY. 
 
 About the year 1848, Rev. Willis was sent to Brown 
 county as Home Missionary, and preached at several points 
 without much success, except three and a half miles north- 
 east of Versailles, in the Toll Settlement, where several 
 persons united with the church. Rev. Willis was followed 
 on the mission by Rev. Baker, who had some degree of
 
 230 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 success. About this time, Rev. J. Dunham, of his own 
 accord, volunteered his services, and preached at several 
 different points all over the county with a great deal of 
 energy and much ability. About this time, 1854 or '55, the 
 log cabin was built in the Toll Settlement ; there was also a 
 society formed three and a half miles west of Buckhorn, in 
 the west end of the county ; also, a small society at Pleasant 
 Hill school-house, south of Hersman, in center of the 
 county. After this time, the societies at all the different 
 points grew weak, without much being done, except local 
 preaching by Rev. Toll, (who was an earnest worker), and 
 an occasional sermon by Rev. Dunham, and others who 
 might happen to pass through the county. In the year 
 1859 the conference sent Rev. J. J. Wyatc to look after the 
 different societies in Brown county ; he took hold of the work 
 with a will, and preached to large and attentive congrega- 
 tions, who felt the effect of his discourses The church in 
 Toll Settlement was revived with about 65 additions 
 to the church; the class at Pleasant Hill having 15 
 additions. The society in the north part of the county received 
 quite a number of additions, and the United Brethren church 
 stood very prominent in the county. Rev. J. J. Wyatt 
 preached for almost three years doing a great work for God 
 in the salvation of souls, and the building up of the United 
 Brethren Church in Brown county. Rev. Wyatt was fol- 
 lowed by Rev. D. Martin, who was a fluent talker, good 
 worker, and kept the work up during the larger portion of 
 his stay. Rev. Martin was followed by Rev. Deardorff, 
 who was a good preacher, and labored hard, but the tide of 
 the church had turned, and in spite of all his efforts, went 
 down to some extent during his administration. Notwith- 
 standing all this, he did a good work at some points, with 
 several additions to the church. Rev. Deardorff. preached 
 for two years, and was followed by Rev. Warmen, a man 
 of good talent and a good worker, yet, for all, the church 
 seemed to be gradually losing ground. Rev. Warmen was 
 followed by Rev. North, who did all in his power to keep 
 the church from drooping, but with little effort. Rev. North 
 was followed by Rev. Mowry, assisted by Rev. Waggle, who 
 worked hard for the church, and succeeded in building a 
 very nice church at' Versailles, at a cost of between $2,000 
 and $3,000, held some protracted efforts in the new church, 
 
 with some of the best talent of the church to assist, such as 
 Rev. Wimset Bear, Calahan Martin, Walker, and others, 
 with some effect, but not of long duration. During hi? stay 
 on the work two persons were licensed to preach, namely, 
 G. W. Leitner and B. A. McCoy. Rev. Mowry was fol- 
 lowed by Rev. Calahan, who did good work for the church, 
 young, energetic, labored hard, yet it became necessary to 
 abandon the log church appointment, and also the Pleasant 
 Hill appointment. Rev. Calahan was followed by Rev. D. 
 Martin, but still the church lost ground, and he was followed 
 by Rev. Foley, who tried to regain what the church had 
 lost, but to no effect. He preached faithfully, but was com- 
 pelled to leave the work at the end of the first year for want 
 of support, and the church at Versailles was abandoned in 
 the year 1876. The class organized in the northern part of 
 the county has a few members still existing. There is a 
 class at Shank School House, organized about the year 1859 
 or '60, of a goodly number of members still holding on and 
 in fair condition. 
 
 THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH.* 
 
 St. Mark's mission was organized in April, 1879, by Rt. 
 Rev. Alexander Burgess, Bishop of the Quincy diocese. An 
 effort was made by General J. W. Singleton and family, and 
 one of the English families to organize a parish about 1844, 
 and Bishop Chase, of the Illinois diocese, visited the then 
 village of Mt. Pleasant with that object in view, when Gen- 
 eral Singleton and family removed to Quincy, and the pro- 
 ject was abandoned. St. Mark's mission was supplied by 
 Rev. E. A. Larabee for a short time, followed by Rev Rob- 
 ert Richie, both at that time connected with the cathedral 
 of St. John, Quincy. For the last year or two no regular 
 services have been held. Robert S. Feun and H. K. Davis 
 were appointed by the Bishop wardens of the mission. Con- 
 nected with the mission are nine families and thirty-eight 
 souls. While no regular services are held the Bishop 
 officiates several times during the year. 
 
 *,We are under obligations to H. K. Davis for the data furnished for 
 this church.
 
 RUSHVILLE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 ->»^-0-8jE=!- 
 
 t O rescue from oblivion the incidents of 
 the past, and to preserve the names of 
 the hardy few, who in fact were the 
 real instruments of paving the way and 
 making the wild forests habitable, is 
 the object of the historian. In a little 
 time the gray hairs of pioneers, who 
 still live as tottering monuments of the 
 good old times, will be gathered to their 
 fathers ; their children, engrossed by the busy transactions 
 of life, will neglect to treasure up the doings and recollec- 
 tions of the past, and posterity will search in vain for land- 
 marks and memorials thereof. How necessary, then, that 
 no time should be lost in gathering together the fragments 
 of our infant history which still exist, and thus rescue it 
 from entire forgetfulness. 
 
 A little more than half a century ago, this beautiful coun- 
 try was in a state of nature, and the only inhabitants were 
 the uncivilized Indians, and the wild game of the forest. 
 The white man came, and lo, the transition ! Beautiful 
 fields of grain wave in the gentle breeze, and neat villages 
 and farm-houses dot the landscape. The results of the 
 labors and hardships of the pioneers are written not only 
 in our histories, but more unmistakably engraven upon 
 every highway in the land. Let the reader stop for a 
 moment and reflect, if he would do justice to those who 
 have so bravely done their part. Do not chide them for 
 their odd, old-fashioned ways, but keep in mind that it is 
 due to them that we, "Young America," have the sur- 
 rounding comforts of to-day. But a few years, when we 
 have grown gray and feeble, and we shall be pointed out by 
 the busy, bustling throng of a more advanced age, as " old 
 fogies," ai.d as these vho have passed their days of use- 
 fulness. 
 
 Schuyler county was organized in 1825, and the territory 
 of Rushville was the first that echoed to the sound of the 
 improvements of the white settler. This was in 1823, two 
 years prior to its organization, it then being a part of Pike 
 county. Its situation is nearly central, and it is the capital 
 of the county. The township of Oakland bounds it on the 
 north, and it is bound ed on the east by Browning and Fred- 
 erick, on the south by Bainbridge, and west by Buena Vista- 
 It is a full Congressional township, and contains thirty-six 
 sections, being about equally divided between prairie and 
 
 timber land. The west and center are mainly of the former, 
 while the latter embraces the rolling, and in places the broken 
 surface peculiar to the timber belts, situated along the mar- 
 gins and contiguous to the various water-courses. McKee's 
 creek rises in section eighteen, flows northeast, and passes 
 out in section three. Crane creek meanders through the 
 southwest, taking mainly a southerly direction, and finally 
 discharges its waters into the Illinois river. The eastern 
 part of the township is drained by the tributaries of Sugar 
 creek. Corn and wheat are the principal productions, though 
 grass, oats, etc, are cultivated with excellent success. A 
 branch of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad 
 extends through a portion of the precinct, entering in sec- 
 tion three, and terminating at Rushville. A few more years, 
 and the transportation facilities will undoubtedly compare 
 favorably with other towns of the state. 
 
 FIRST SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The first settlements were made in section 16 as early as 
 1823, two years prior to the organization of the ounty. 
 The honor belongs to Calvin Hobart and Orris McCartney, 
 both making their advent about the same time, February, 
 1823. The former was a native of Grafton county, New 
 Hampshire. Seeking a more congenial climate, and im- 
 pelled by a spirit of enterprise, coupled with a fondness for 
 adventure, he turned his face westward and made his home 
 in the wilds of Illinois. He made the entire passage from 
 the East in a two-horse wagon. His family then consisted 
 of his wife, Sallie, and four children, Chancy, Norris, 
 Elizabeth, and Truman. W. H. Taylor, a single man, also 
 accompanied Mr. Hobart. A small log house was erected 
 on the southeast quarter of section 16, and the life of the 
 pioneer commenced. Mr. Hobart was an exemplary man, 
 and had the full confidence of all who knew him. He died 
 at his pioneer home in 1831. His widow afterwards married 
 again, and about 1835, they all moved to the state of 
 Minnesota. Mr. McCartney came from New York state, 
 and located near Mr. Hobart, on the place now owned by 
 Jesse Danner. He was then a single man, but put up a 
 cabin and commenced the improvement of his place. A 
 young man, by the name of Samuel Gooch, accompanied 
 him here, and aided him in his work. The latter and Ruth 
 Powers were the first married couple in the settlement. This 
 was in February, 1824. Levin Green, a local methodist 
 231
 
 232 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 minister, performed the marriage ceremony. McCartney 
 was elected the first sheriff* of the county. He moved to 
 Wisconsin about 1829. Levin Green located here in 
 1823 or '24. He was here as early as the fall of 1823, and 
 preached the first sermon within the entire military tract, 
 but according to the best information did not permanently 
 locate until the spring of 1824. He was born iu North 
 Carolina, but emigrated from the state of Missouri here. In 
 1829, he moved into what is now Missouri township, Brown 
 county, in the history of which will be found a more ex- 
 tended account relating to his life. George Stuart, a 
 brother-in-law of Green, came at the same time, and they 
 both lived in a cabin in section 16. Stuart also moved into 
 Missouri township, and subsequently emigrated to the state 
 of Arkansas with his brother-in law, Green. Another settler 
 of 1824, was Nathan Eels. He came from the East and had 
 quite a large family. He squatted in section 15, but re- 
 mained only a few years when he moved to Beardstown, and 
 thence to the r ortbern part of the state. In 1825, there was 
 quite an accession of settlers to the little colony, among 
 whom was Benjamin Chadsey. He was born in Vermont, 
 and when a mere child his parents moved to the state of 
 New York. They afterwards emigrated to Ohio, and thence 
 to Indiana. At the age of seventeen Mr. Chadsey enlisted 
 as a soldier in the war of 1812. For his service he drew a 
 quarter section of land in section 17, Schuyler county. After 
 the war he stopped in Illinois, and soon afterward married 
 Rachel Johnson. In the fall of 1824, he came to the county 
 to see the land he had entered. Being pleased with the 
 country, the following spring he moved here with his family 
 and located on his land. The family then consisted of his 
 wife and two children, Jerusha and Henry C. Six children 
 have since been born to the family, Benjamin F., John L., 
 Calvin, George W., James, and William. At this writing 
 they are almost an unbroken family, only one of them being 
 dead, Benjamin F. Even the father and mother are yet 
 living, and reside at the old homestead, surrounded with all 
 the comforts that heart could wish in their old age. Mr. 
 Chadsey is 86 years of age and his wife is in her 8 1st year. 
 The old court-house standing in the square was built by Mr. 
 Chadsey. He commenced the first work upon it in 1829. 
 Two other prominent settlers of 1825, were Samuel Horney 
 and Jonathan Manlove. The latter was a single man, and 
 came with the former's family. Mr. Horney came from 
 North Carolina in 1818, and first settled in St. Clair county, 
 and in the spriug of 1825 moved to Schuyler, and settled 
 not far from Rushville in the edge of what is now Buena 
 Vista township. He had a wife and one son, Leonidas, who 
 was afterward? elected county surveyor. Mr. Horney was 
 an active man in his time. He served in the war of 1812, 
 also the Black-hawk war, and was one who figured largely 
 in the organization of Schuyler county, and subsequently 
 represented his constituency in the state legislature. He 
 died several years ago in Littleton township, where his widow 
 yet reside?, and who is said to be the oldest early settler in 
 the county. Jonathan Manlove soon after his coming, mar- 
 ried Sophrona Chadsey, and from their union several children 
 
 were born, only one of whom is a resident of the county, 
 Mrs. Henry Taylor of Brooklyn. Mr. Manlove was a 
 representative citizeu, being the first surveyor of the county, 
 besides filling other offices of trust at the hands of the people. 
 He moved to Fort Scott, Kansas, in about 1867, where he 
 yet resides. William Manlove, a brother of the above, 
 came one year later, and first engaged in teaching school. 
 He was elected the secDnd surveyor of the county, and was 
 a leading man of the times. He married here and reared 
 quite a family of children. His death occurred many years 
 ago. The family afterwards moved from the county. Man- 
 love Horney, a brother of Samuel above mentioned, came 
 direct from North Carolina and located near his brother. 
 This was in 1826. He was at the head of a family. Several 
 of his representatives are residents of the county. His death 
 occurred some years ago. 
 
 John B. Terry was an immigrant of 1825, and came from 
 the state of New York. He located in section 16, near 
 Hobart and McCartney. After the county was organized 
 he moved to what is now Rushville, and had the honor of 
 filling the office of first county clerk of Schuyler county. 
 His log residence was the first house built in Rushville. He 
 moved to Wisconsin about 1828, where he afterward died. 
 One who figured most prominently in the politics of the 
 county was Hart Fellows. He was born in Cincinnati, O. 
 His parents moved to the state of Indiana in an early day, 
 and it was here that Mr. Fellows was educated, and grew to 
 manhood. He came to Illinois a single man, and located 
 in Green county, where he married Miss Foss. Early in 
 1825 he moved to near Rushville. and went to keeping house 
 in a vacated cabin situated iu section 27, where he remained 
 until he could erect a convenient house of his own. At this 
 time he had but one child, William Henry. Quite a large 
 family of children were born to them while residents of the 
 county. Their first born, William H, lived but a short time, 
 and was the first interment made in the village cemetery. 
 Mr. Fellows was elected the first circuit clerk, and was the 
 first postmaster in the county. Indeed, in subsequent years, 
 lie filled nearly every county office," and was one of the most 
 popular men of the times. In 1850 he was appointed by the 
 general government as collector of revenues in the city of 
 San Francisco. He died only two or three years ago. His 
 widow is now residing in Frederick, Schuyler county, with 
 her elder daughter, Mrs. Ann Fatwell. Mrs. Farwell is said 
 to be the first child born in Rushville. James Vance and 
 David Wallace also came as early as 1825. William Me- 
 Kee came from Indiana, April 16, 1826, and located in 
 section 18. He had a large family, mostly daughters. 
 Both he and his wife died here many years ago. Several of 
 their children are residents of the county. William, jr, is 
 residing at the old homestead in section 18. Mr. Vance 
 migrated from the south. He was a mere squatter, and re- 
 mained but a short tini2 when he moved to McDjnough 
 county, and became one of its first settlers. David Wallace 
 was also from the south, and located in section 21. He sold 
 his improvement right in a few years and moved to parts 
 unknown. Among others of 1325, '26 were David and 
 Thomas Blair, William Pennington, David and Cyrus Wat-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 233 
 
 son, Peter Perkins, Philip Spohnamore, Ephraim Eggleston, 
 James H. Smith, and others. 
 
 A prominent settler of 1829 was Thomas W. Scott, a na- 
 tive of Maryland. His parents moved to Kentucky when 
 he was a mere boy. He remained here until he was twenty 
 years of age, when he left his Kentucky home and on horse- 
 back came through this state, and finally landed in Rush- 
 ville in 1829. In December of the same year he went to 
 St. Louis and purchased a stock of goods. At this time 
 Rushville wa< one among the few towns in the state. People 
 came to this town to trade for many miles around. Mr. S. 
 says that some of his customers came from Astoria, at least 
 eighty miles north of Rushville. In 1832, Mr. Scott moved 
 back to Kentucky, and the same year he married Adeline 
 Johnson, from which marriage one son was born, R .bert J , 
 who is now in the state of Missouri. His wife died in 1836, 
 and in 1840 Mr. S. again married. Of this union twelve 
 children have been born, six sons aud six daughters. After 
 remaining in Kentucky for several years Mr. Scott came 
 back to Rushville, where he has resided since. He has 
 amassed a good competency, and has retired from active life. 
 Hugh McCreery, another pioneer, was born in Ireland in 
 1793, and came to the states in 1827, landing at Philadel- 
 phia. In the fall of 1828, he moved to Illinois and located 
 at Rushville. His first residence was the old log court-house. 
 He remained here over winter, when he bought some land, 
 now a part of the corporation of the village.^ His family 
 then consisted of his wife, Sarah, and six children, William, 
 Mathew, John, James G., Margaret and Sarah. Mr. Mc- 
 Creery.his wifeandoneson,William,all died with the cholera, 
 which prevailed with such havoc in 1834. William was 
 then a member of the Sta:e Senate. Only two of the family 
 are now living. James G. is a prominent citizen of Rush- 
 ville, and Sarah, widow of John Young, resides in Buena 
 Vista township. Samuel Jackson was an early settler of the 
 county. He was born in North Carolina and migrated to 
 Indiana when a young man, where he married Esther Close. 
 In the fall of 1828 he moved to Schuyler, and settled in sec- 
 tion 14, Biiubridge township. Hj died here in 1838 or '39. 
 Mrs. Jackson died in 1874. But one of the family resides 
 in the county, Ezra, who is the present landlord of the City 
 Hotel at Rushville. Other settlers of about the same date 
 were John Scripp3 and Cornelius B. Putman. The former 
 was quite a noted Methodist minister ; his circuit extended 
 over a large portion of the frontier. He died several years 
 ago. Oiie son, John G., resides in section 7. Those of a 
 later date were Hon. W. A. Richardson, Judge T. Lyle 
 Dickey , H in. William A. Minshall, Judge Pinkney, H. 
 Walker, Hon. Ribert Blackwell, Hon. Jno. C. Bagby, 
 Hon. William H. Ray, Hon. Louis D. Erwin, George Little, 
 Thomas Wilson, G W. Metz, and others. Probably no town 
 in the state of its size <an biast of furnishing more promi- 
 nent men than Rushville, as the above array of names will 
 verify. They were among the early settlers, but most of 
 them have either died or moved away. 
 
 The cholera in July, 1834, swooped down with its pinions 
 of death and proved a besom of destruction to many in the 
 Rushville settlement. The town then contained seven or 
 30 
 
 eight hundred inhabitants, and so virulent was the disease 
 .that most of them fled to other parts of the country. Only 
 about three hundred were left to take care of the sick and 
 dying. Over a hundred were afflicted, andj nearly one 
 half proved fatal. The first to succumb to the disease was 
 William McCreery aud Cornelius B. Putman ; they died 
 about the same time. After the scourge had passed, most 
 of those who had left the town, returned, and business pro- 
 ceeded as usual. It is supposed that the disease originated 
 from a family from Maryland, who while afflicted with it 
 came up the river and stopped at Rushville. It was a time 
 long to be remembered by the old settlers, as many of their 
 homes were made desolate. 
 
 Land entries. — October 6, 1817, Justus Waterman entered 
 theS. E. i of section 4. October 28, 1817, Dennis Thompson 
 entered the N. E. i of section 1. November 29, 1817, James 
 H. Smith entered the S W. i of section 4. November 12, 
 1817, John S. Kuightentered the S. E. I of section 12. De- 
 cember 8, 1817, Wm. Clayton entered the N. E. k Sec. 8. 
 December 8, 1817, Leonard Trask entered the N. E. i of 
 section 7. 
 
 The first couple married in the settlement were Samuel 
 Gooch and Ruth Powers, as has been already stated. The 
 first marriage ceremony performed after the county was or- 
 ganized, made husband and wife of W. H. Taylor and 
 Elizabeth Spohnamore, in 1825. Levin Green was the offi- 
 ciating minister at the nuptials. The first born was a child 
 of Ephraim Eggleston, in the summer of 1824. The first 
 school was taught in the summer of 1826, by Sophrona Chad- 
 sey, in a vacated cabin in section 16. Jonathan D. Manlove 
 taught the same year at his own cabin on what is known as 
 the Little place. These pedagogues afterwards became hus- 
 band and wife. The first school-house site was located in 
 1825, ou section 20, now Benjamin Chadsey's pasture. The 
 people met and decided to build, with the following agree- 
 ment ; that each head of a household should furnish two 
 logs, and aid in raising the house when ready, etc. A few 
 logs were hauled, but as there was no head to the association 
 the project was abandoned for the time. The first school 
 district in the county was created the 22d. of July, 1825, 
 and embraced twenty-fjur square miles. The second at- 
 tempt to erect a school-house was in 1830. This proved a 
 success. It was a small brick building, situated in the north 
 part of the village of Rushville, on the lot where the Chris- 
 tian church now stands. The first church house erected 
 was in about 1832. It was a fair -sized brick building, and 
 situated near the northeast-corner of the square. It is yet 
 standing, aud used as a sales-room by Crandall & Son. 
 
 The first justices of the peace were Levin Green, Benja- 
 min Chadsey, Hart Fellows, and Jesse Bartlett. The first 
 practitioners of medicine were Benjamin Tee], Adams Dun- 
 lap, George Rogers, aud Drs. Hall and Smith. None of 
 them are living except Dr. Dunlap, who resides in Buena 
 Vista township. The first post-office was established in 
 1828, and situated at Rushville. Hart Fellows was the 
 post-master, and the office was situated on the east side of 
 the square, where the marble yard now is. Abraham Low- 
 derback did the first blacksmithing for the people. His
 
 234 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 shop was situated on Lafayette street, about three blocks 
 east of the square. The first carpenter and wheelwright wa% 
 Benjamin Chadsey. The first mill built in the county was 
 erected by him for Calviu T. Hobart in J 826; it was what 
 was then known as a horse-mill, and was situated in section 
 17 ; its capacity was about 80 bushels of meal daily, aud re- 
 quired two horses and a yoke of oxen to give it power. It 
 continued to run for a few year.', until water mills were 
 established on Sugar creek, when it was abandoned. Jona- 
 than D. Manlove imported the first blooded stock in 1838 ; 
 it was the Durham breed, and was brought from the State 
 of Ohio. The first Berkshire swine was imported by Ben- 
 jamin Chadsey and William Young in 1839. The first hogs 
 brought to the county were by McCartney & Beard, in the 
 latter part of 1823— they were quite a large drove of what 
 were called " pointers " or " hazel splitters " — many of them 
 strayed into the timber and subsisted on the mast, thus be- 
 coming independent of their owners. In two or three years 
 the timber was overrun with wild hogs ; the Indian dogs 
 chased them as other wild game, and any person killing 
 them was allowed one-half for so doing. As this kind of 
 stock was then somewhat scarce in the country, thise wild 
 hogs were of considerable benefit to the settlers. But dis- 
 satisfaction with the Indians aud the depredations of their 
 dogs became universal, and in the spring of 1826 nineteen of 
 the settlers proceeded to call on them at a trading point on 
 the Illinois river, just below the mouth of Crooked creek. 
 They killod some of their dogs, and notified the Indians to 
 leave within ten days. The traders were also given the 
 option to vacate or have their effects dumped into the river. 
 The result was that there was no more trouble with the 
 traders or the Indians. The first orchard was planted by 
 Benjamin Chadsey and Mr. Blair, in the spring of 1828, 
 and was in section nineteen. Some of the trees are yet 
 standing. 
 
 The following named persons are those who have repre- 
 sented the township in the county board since township 
 organization : Charles Neill was elected in 1854 and served 
 one term; J. D. Manlove, elected in 1855, served one term; 
 Peter C. Vance, elected in 1856, served three terms; John 
 C Scripps, elected in 1859, served two terms ; James L. 
 Anderson, elected in 1861; James A. Teel, elected in 1862, 
 served two terms; George M. Greer, elected in 1864; George 
 W. Metz, elected in 1865, was chairman of the board ; Lud- 
 well H. Deraaree, elected in 1866, served three terms, and 
 was chairman of the board for the years 1866-'7 ; Jonathan 
 R. Neill, elected in 1869 ; John C. Scripp', re-elected in 
 1870; Robert G. Welker, elected in 1871 ; John H. Irwin, 
 elected in 1872, served two terms; Robert McMaster, elected 
 in 1874; EJgar Anderson. elected in 1875, served five terras; 
 Edwin M. Anderson, elected in 1880, served two terms; 
 George W. Bellomy, elected in 1882, is the present incum- 
 bent. 
 
 TOWN OF RUSHVILLE. 
 
 This being the capital of the county and one of the first 
 points settled therein, it necessarily follows that a large por- 
 tion of this chapter must consist of its history. It was lo- 
 cated as the seat of justice, March 6th, 1826, by the com- 
 
 missioners appointed for that purpose. It is situated in the 
 southwest quarter of section thirty, township two north, and 
 range one west. It was first named Rushton, in honor of 
 Dr. Rush, an eminent physician of the city of Philade'phia. 
 But for some cause, on the 21th of April, 1826, an order was 
 made to change the name to Rushville. The commissioners 
 appointed David Blair to proceed to Springfield and obtain 
 a patent of the aforesaid quarter Mction of lm:d, for 
 which service the records show that for compensation he was 
 allowed 82 50 After having procured the patent, the com- 
 missioners sold the east half of the quarter for the sum of 
 $150, which half is now that part of the town lying about 
 eighty feet east of the public square, and within certain pre- 
 scribed limits north and south. 
 
 The first house built in the town was constructed by John 
 B. Terry for a dwelling. It was a small log house, situa- 
 ted just across the street, south of the school-house grounds. 
 Hart Fellows built a log dwelling about the same time as 
 the above. It was situated on the northeast corner of the 
 square, on the lot now occupied by the firm of Delap & Dace. 
 This was early in 1826. The first town lots were sold July 
 4th, of the same year. The first merchandise sold ill the 
 town was in 1828 or 1829, by a party from Jacksonville. 
 His stock consisted of a few groceries, dry-goods, and no- 
 tions. They were kept at the house of Hart Fellows, and 
 there retailed. This was only temporary. The next to en- 
 gage in the business was Benjamin Chadsey. He purchased 
 his goods in St. Louis, aud shipped them up the river in 
 keel boals, and thence from the Illinois river to Rushville. 
 His goods were kept in the house of Hart Fellows, who 
 acted as his clerk one year, and then became a partner, 
 under the firm name of Chadsey and Fellows. In the 
 meantime, Mr. Fellows had erected a little frame store- 
 house near his dwelling, in which the business was then 
 conducted. 
 
 The first tavern license was granted to Orris McCartney, 
 Nov. 3, 1825, upon paying the sum of three dollars into 
 the treasury, and one dollar to the clerk. The following is 
 the table of rates he was allowed to receive : 
 
 For diet, per meal 18} 
 
 For horsekeeping over night 25 
 
 For horse feed 12} 
 
 For lodging 6} 
 
 Whiskey, per half-pint 12} 
 
 Foreign spirits, per half-pint 25 
 
 Whiskey, per gill '. 6} 
 
 Foreign spirits, per gill 12} 
 
 Cider, metheglin, and beer, per quart 12} 
 
 The first brick house built was the court house, finished 
 in 1830. The school-house was the second brick building, 
 and the third was the old Methodist church. The first 
 frame house was built by Hart Fellows, and was situated on 
 the lot where his log dwelling stood. 
 
 This chapter would* be incomplete without recording some 
 of ihe first efforts towards making Rushville a point of 
 some manufacturing importance. The firm of Hodge & 
 Hunter established a wool carding factory in 1831. It was 
 situated on Congress street, on the lot now occupied by J.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 235 
 
 Foote & Son's knitting factory. It existed for several years. 
 In the same year, Geer Brothers established a shop for the 
 manufacture of horn combs. It %as located on the lot 
 where the blacksmith shop of Peter Pox is now situated. 
 It was a non-paying investment, and the factory soon re- 
 lapsed into silence. James Blackburn erected a tannery as 
 early as 1830, on Lafayette street, not far from the present 
 residence of John C. Bagby. In a few years he sold out to 
 George Baker, and commenced the practice of medicine. 
 
 A ludicrous scene, common in those days, is described by 
 Thomas W. Scott, who was then in the mercantile business. 
 Most of the pioneers were dressed with a hunting shirt and 
 buckskin breeches. In the winter season their pantaloons 
 would become saturated with water by wading through the 
 snow and slush. On coming into the store their unmention- 
 ables would be stretched out of all proportions, and the 
 bottoms would be dragging under their heels. After sitting 
 by the fire awhile to warm, the buckskin would dry and 
 shrink, so by the time they were ready to leave, their pants 
 had crept up to near their knees, and in this manner would 
 they file out, each with a small purchase under his arm. 
 Another incident is related of the peculiar manner adopted 
 to make it unpleasant for the worshipers of the Cumber- 
 land Presbyterian congregation, during the services one 
 Sabbath of those early days. The church building was a 
 frame, and one of the first in the town. Some one becoming 
 offended at the society, or some one belonging to it, con- 
 ceived the idea that, with the numerous stock running at 
 large, if the lower part of the building were washed with 
 brine, there would be as large a congregation outside as in- 
 side. Late Saturday night, or early Sunday morning, the 
 thing was accomplished. The congregation had hardly 
 assembled, before all the cows in town had scented the 
 delicate morsel. The preacher commenced the services and 
 the cattle on the outside commenced the disagreeable rasp, 
 rasp, rasp, with their barbed tongues. The reader can pro- 
 bably imagine the result ; the sermon was spoiled, and the 
 congregation went home disgusted. 
 
 Ctmetery. — The first interment was made here, as before 
 stated. From this has grown the present beautiful ceme- 
 tery, that now is one of the best-kept grounds in the State. 
 Many a costly monument adorns this city of the dead. It 
 is situated in the southeast part of the town, on lots thirty 
 and thirty-one, and contains about fifteen acres. The early 
 history of its existence is, that in 1859, the county court 
 passed an order that John Ritchey be authorized to purchase 
 of Abram Louderback, one or two acres of land, suitable 
 and convenient for cemetery purposes. He selected two 
 acres of ground where the old sand headstones now stand. 
 We have visited many a town cemetery, but the Rushville 
 place of the dead stands equal to any that it has been our 
 privilege to inspect. A few of the first interments are marked 
 by small slabs of sand-stone, two of which were nestling 
 among the roots of quite large trees, evidences of the thought- 
 ful care of the dead, when these forest trees were but mere 
 shrubs, or perhaps had not even generated from the acorn 
 that produced them. 
 
 Incorporation. — Under this heal we desire to recapitulate, 
 
 in order to make the organization of the town more com- 
 plete. As already stated, the site was chosen in the spring 
 of 1826, but it was not until December 5th of the same 
 year that it was surveyed and platted, Jonathan D. Man- 
 love being the surveyor. In June, 1829, a petition was laid 
 before the Board of Commissioners, to have the town re- 
 surveyed, and the streets reduced from one hundred feet 
 in width to eighty feet, which was accordingly done. On 
 the 23J of April, 1831, a notice was posted, calling upon 
 the citizens to meet at the clerk's office on the 10th of May 
 following, for the purpose of taking steps toward incorpo- 
 rating the town under an act of the General Assembly, 
 approved February 12th, 1831, entitled "An Act to Incor- 
 porate the Inhabitants of Towns," etc In pursuance of said 
 call, the people met at the time and place mentioned. John 
 C. Scripps was called to the chair, and John Mitchell was 
 elected clerk. The following are the names of those voting, 
 all in favor of incorporating : John C. Scripps, Hart Fel- 
 lows, William C. Ralls, I. J. C. Smith, Richard Redfield, 
 Andrew Ross, William Layton, N. E. Quinby, Samuel 
 Brazzleton, Samuel Beattie, William Putman, Proctor P. 
 Newcomb, Thomas W. Scott, E. Grist, Joel Decamp, John 
 M. Jones, John Mitcheltree, B. V. Teel, James A. Chadsey, 
 and Luke Seely. May 25th, a meeting was called for the 
 election of officers, with the following result : Trustees, John 
 Mitcheltree, B. V. Teel, John Scripps, William McCreery, 
 and I. J. C. Smith. B. V. Teel was chosen chairman of the 
 board. John B. Watson was appointed Clerk ; I. J. C- 
 Smith, Treasurer; and Thomas Haydon, Constable. In 
 1839, another charter was obtained, and again in 1869, 
 granting further privileges as an incorporated town. The 
 present officers are : Trustees, R. L. Greer, John A. Har- 
 vey, Augustus Nell, John S. Bagby, Charles H. Wells, 
 Augustus Peter, and George W. Smither ; the former is the 
 President of the board, and the latter the clerk. The other 
 officers are : Attorney, David H. Glass ; Street Commission- 
 er, George C. Yoe ; Marshal, L. W. Sloat ; Town Surveyor, 
 John S. Bagby ; Police Magistrate, William Speed. Since 
 the organization of the town, it has been of a slow, but 
 healthy growth, having at this time a population of nearly 
 2000 inhabitants. 
 
 BUSINESS OP THE TOWN. 
 
 The Rushville Woolen Mills, as an industry, stand pre- 
 eminently ahead of any other manufactory in the town. 
 They are situated on Madison street, between Congress and 
 Monroe streets, and were built by a stock company, in 1867, 
 at a cost of about $50,000. The building is of brick, eighty 
 by one hundred and twenty feet on the ground, and three 
 stories high. The lower flbor is occupied by the looms, dyeing 
 apartment, finishing, etc. The second floor contains the 
 several jacks, cards, and pickers. This industry is now 
 leased by the firm of Slack & Gavit, who have in their era- 
 ploynvnt about fifty hands. The factory is what is known 
 as a four-set mill, containing twelve broad looms, six jacks, 
 four sets of cards, and furnishing complete for the same. 
 The principal manufactured articles are flannels and blank- 
 ets, the number of yards manufactured in one year being
 
 236 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 about 3 1,000. The annual product is valued at $100,000 
 The firm pays for labor, every month, about 81,200, and for 
 stock $6,000. The works are driven by an eighty-horse- 
 power engine, having three four-foot boilers twenty feet in 
 length. The whole building is heated by steam. 
 
 Rushville Knitting Factory, J. Foote and Sons, proprie- 
 tors. This industry was established by the present proprie- 
 tors in the spring of 1876, and is situated on Congress street, 
 between Madison and Clinton streets. The building is a 
 frame, two stories in height, and 20x68 feet on the ground. 
 The capital invested is $5,000. Twelve machines are 
 employed, and the whole works require 16 hands, 11 of 
 whom are females: The business is confined to hosiery, of 
 which about 5,200 dozen pairs are manufactured annually. 
 The stock finds a market in Chicago, Peoria, and other 
 points of the west- Upwards of $300 is paid out by this in- 
 stitution every month for labor. 
 
 Rushville City Flouring Mill*. — These mills are situated 
 on Congress street, three blocks north of the court-house. 
 The business was established by the firm of Little & Ray, in 
 1847, since which time it has more than once changed 
 hands. In 1874, it came into the possession of the present 
 firm, Ramsey & Co.. The building is a frame 36x60 feet in 
 size, and three stories high. It has three run of stone, and 
 a double set of rolls, with a capacity of manufacturing 75 
 barrels of flour daily. Six men are employed. The 
 machinery is driven by a fifty-horse power engine. 
 
 Elevator of Little and Ray is situated on the switch of the 
 C. B. & Q. railway. It was built by this firm in 1868, at a 
 cost of $3,000. The structure is of the regular elevator style, 
 and is about 28x36 feet on the ground, 56 feet in height. It 
 has a capacity of elevating 2,500 bushels of grain daily, and 
 can store 15,000 bushels. It is operated by horse power 
 arranged in the basement. 
 
 Rushville Brick and Tile Works are located in the south 
 part of town, abaut three blocks from the public square. 
 The proprietors are McCabe & Sons. The brick yard was 
 established in 1866, ami the tile factory was added about 
 ten years later. The capital invested is $5,000. The num- 
 ber of bricks manufactured annually is about 1,000,000, and 
 the number of feet of tile is 300,000. The entire shedding 
 covers nearly 10,000 square feet of ground. Twenty-five 
 men receive employment, and the annual manufactured 
 product is estimated at $15,000. Between six and seven 
 hundred dollars are paid out every month for labor. 
 
 Rushville Marble Yard, owned and operated by Crosier & 
 Hutton, and situated on Liberty street, east side of the pub- 
 lic square. This industry was commenced in the town by 
 Mr. Crosier, in February, 1859, being the first to establish 
 the business in the village. In the spring of 1877, Mr. Hut- 
 ton became a member of the firm. The good work per- 
 formed by this company has given the business a con-tant 
 and healthy growth, so that at this time they employ five 
 men, and manufacture $8,000 of product annually. 
 
 Can luge aud Wiigon+Factory of J. & J. Knowles. This 
 is one of the oldest manufacturing establishments in this part 
 of the State, having been established as early as 1849. It is 
 situated on the corner of Washington and Morgan streets, 
 
 in block 19. The works occupy the whole block. The 
 buildings are frame structures, containing machine shop, 
 wood-work department, blacksmith shop, depository, sheds 
 for material, etc. The capital invested is about $12,000, 
 and the annual value of manufactured product is estimated 
 at $15,000. Ten men are employed by this industry. All 
 the work is manufactured by machinery driven by a four- 
 teen-horse power engine. 
 
 Schuyler Flouring Mills are situated on the Macomb 
 highway in the northwest part of the corporate limits, west 
 of the railroad. This mill was built in the fall of 1867, by 
 George Moench, the present proprietor. It is a frame build- 
 ing, 30 x 40 feet in size and three stories high. The engine 
 room attached is 18 x 30 feet. The mill has three runs of 
 stone, and a capacity of manufacturing 50 barrels of flour 
 in twenty-four hours. It is both a merchant and custom 
 mill, and gives employment to three men. The engine is 
 thirty-horse power 
 
 Wagon and Carriage Factory, Hocking and Parker, pro- 
 prietors. This industry was established in 1878, and is sit. 
 uated on Monroe street, near Washington street. The house 
 is a frame building, three stories high, and 40 x 50 feet on 
 the ground. It was formerly the old Presbyterian church 
 building. Eight men receive employment, and the estima- 
 ted value of manufactured product and repair work is $7,000 
 annually. All the work is hand-made. 
 
 Rushville Tannery was established in 1862, by August 
 Peter, and is situated north of the school-house grounds. 
 The building is a framp, two stories high, and 24x48 feet 
 in size. Nine vats are arranged in the building, and it has 
 other conveniences for the business. Mr. Peter is also en- 
 gaged in the traffic of hides. 
 
 The Rushville Library Association was established the 5th 
 of April, 1878, with fifteen charter members, the officer 
 being as follows : President, L. R. Caldwell ; Secretary and 
 Librarian, John Beatty ; Treasurer, Dr. M. Ayers. It was 
 started by the subscription of the members, there being 441 
 volumes at the outset The number has increased at this 
 writing to 1384 volumes. The literature consists of histories, 
 biographies of eminent men travels, fiction, etc., etc- To 
 become a member, it is requisite to pay a fee of three dollars 
 and fifty cents as quarterly dues. At this time the member 
 ship consists of about 120 members. The library is situated 
 on Washington street, near the post office, and is open 
 Wednesday and Saturday evenings. 
 
 The School House is one of the institutions of the town 
 of which the people may well feel proud. It was built at a 
 cost of about $55,000 and is situated two blocks northwest 
 of the court house square. The grounds occupy two and a 
 fourth acres, and are well kept, with shade trees adjoining 
 the play ground and the street surrounding the building. 
 The district is two miles square, and the institution is opera- 
 ted under a special charter, entitled The Rushville Union 
 School. The building is a fine biick structure, three stories 
 high, with basement, and about 70 feet square. Its archi- 
 tecture is of the modern style, and it is warmed by steam. 
 All the belongings are of the best, and the conveniences are
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 237 
 
 modem. Nine teachers are employed besides the principal, 
 and the attendance is upwards of 500 pupils. 
 
 First National Bank of Rushville was established in 1865, 
 it being a joint enterprise conducted by several of the lead- 
 ing citizens, among whom were the firm of Little & Ray, 
 W. W. Wells, Warren Brothers, E. M. Anderson, E. C, 
 and B. Ray. The capital stock was $65,000, but was sub- 
 sequently increased to 8100,000, and afterwards reduced to 
 875,000. It has a surplus, at this writing, of $20,000. The 
 vault is fire proof, and the safe is provided with a time lock. 
 President, George Little ; Cashier, Augustus Warren. 
 
 Coal Banks. — There are two shafts situated in sections 19 
 and 20. The vein lies about forty feet from the surface, 
 and will average 5} feet in thickness. The quality of coal 
 is unsurpassed by any in the State. The only wonder is, 
 that capitalists have not taken the matter in hand and de- 
 veloped the industry in this part of the State. As the mines 
 are now worked they only supply the local demand. Two 
 tramways are built from the shaft to the town. 
 
 Besides the foregoing the town contains two newspapers > 
 Times and Citizen ; six Churches, two Methodist, Presbyte- 
 rian, Baptist, Christian, and Catholic, a full history of which 
 will be found in their appropriate chapters. There are also 
 two hotels, the City Hotel, Ezra Jackson, proprietor ; and 
 the Fry House kept by Mrs. Fry. A new court-house is 
 nearly completed, and will be one of the finest buildings of 
 the town. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 General Store-?— Wilson & Graff, G. W. Metz & Son, J. 
 H. Parrott, Nelson Brothers, Little, Ray & Co., Warren 
 Brothers 
 
 Dry Goods Boots and Shoes, etc. — Jackson Brothers, E. D. 
 Leach, J. L. Parrott, J. N. Roach & Co. 
 
 Hardware and Agricultural Implements. — Augustus Nell, 
 R. H. Griffith & Co., George E. Hall. 
 
 Drugs, Books, etc — E. M. Anderson, A. M. McCreery, M. 
 M Prentiss. 
 
 Furniture and Undertaking. — A. H. Seeley, William 
 Speed. 
 
 Clothing, Hats, Caps, etc. — Wells Brothers. 
 
 Harness and Saddlery. — Martin Ryan, August Peter. 
 
 Groceries, Queenswire, etc. — R. L. Greer, D. W. C. Good- 
 win, William Fowler, Robert McCreery, W. S. Irwin, De- 
 lapp & Dace, Ford & Tutt, H. Clarke, Z. L. Underwood. 
 
 Cigars. — J. B. Thomas. 
 
 Broom Makers.-C. P. Neill, W. B. G- Putman. 
 
 Watches, Clocke and Jewelry. — George Hanna, J. H. 
 Knowles. 
 
 I'lii/.<icians. — N. G. Slack, Thomas Monroe, Mortimer 
 Ayers, J. N Speed, R. N. Worthington, L. W. Clark, A. 
 B. Clark, E. Clark, M. M. Prentiss, L. C. Seeley, J. H. 
 E»ing, John A. Harney. 
 
 Dentist. — T. H. Downing. 
 
 Livery and Feed Stables. — George Branstool, R. B. Greer. 
 
 Feed and Sale Stables.— Crandall & Son, James Mon- 
 tooth. 
 
 Photographers- — E. W. Bags, J. W. Baird. 
 
 Merchant Tailors. — Samuel Heitz, A. J. Goodwin. 
 
 Contractors and Builders. — Amos Sylvester, J. W. Morris, 
 Thomas Keegan, C. T. Thomas. 
 
 Masons and Bricklayers. — Stout & Rippetoe, John Laugh- 
 lin, John A. Leezer. 
 
 Painters and Glaziers. — James Seeley, J. Seeley, Samuel 
 Leezer, J.F. Bowen, D. G. Prentiss, A. W. Davis. 
 
 Grain Dealer. — Thomas Wilson. 
 
 Stock Dealers and Shippers. — J. L. Danner, Worthington 
 & Putman, Wells & Boyce. 
 
 Lumber Yards. — Caldwell & Ray, Fry, Graff, & Monroe. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — Peter Fox, James Beatty, Skiles & Becker- 
 dite. 
 
 Shoemakei-s. — Gilbert Ingraham, M. L. Demoss, Christian 
 Moorck, Anderson Goodwin, Jr. 
 
 Meat Markets. — William Thompson, Hoskinson & Yates. 
 
 Restaurants and Confectionery. — Daniel Webster, Mrs. A. 
 Lee, Mrs. E. Lee. 
 
 Millinery and Dressmaking. — Anna Ryan, Betty Stover, 
 Mrs. William Fowler, Kitty Goodwin,' Mrs. J. Washabaugh, 
 Libbie E. Erwin, Mrs. L. Roberts. 
 
 Sewing Machine Agents. — Charles Putman, Tellis. 
 
 Barbers. — Henry Neiman, Henry Riefling. Allen T. Hill. 
 
 Postmaster — Jacob Hammond. 
 
 SOCIETIES.* 
 
 Rushville Lodge, No. 9, A. F. and A. M. This Lodge was 
 chartered October 3, 1842, beingoneofthe oldest lodges in the 
 state, and it has had the honor of furnishing two Grand 
 Masters, Levi Lusk and James L. Anderson. The fire fiend 
 has also been a visitant of this lodge three times since its 
 organization, and yet it is in fair financial standing. The 
 original number of charter members was 20. The present 
 membership is 82. The Lodge meets in Masonic Hall the 
 Tuesday evening on or before the full of the moon in each 
 month. 
 
 Rushville Chapter, No. 184, R. A. M , was organized 
 August 11th, 1881, with sixteen charter members. The 
 present membership is forty-five. The condition of the 
 society, financially, is good. The regalia and equipments 
 of the chapter are among the best of the order, outside of 
 the large cities. High Priest, William H. H. Rader ; Sec- 
 retary, John C. Scripps. 
 
 Rushville Commandery, U- D., K. T., was organized Feb- 
 ruary 13th, 1882, with eleven swords. At this writing, the 
 number has increased to thirty. It meets in Masonic Hall, 
 the second Monday night in each month. It is well fitted 
 for duly, and is now preparing to build a hall, in every way 
 suitable for commandery work. Eminent Commander, 
 William H. H. Rader ; Recorder, John C. Scripps. 
 
 Friendship Lodge, No. 24, I. O O. F. This is one of the 
 oldest Lodges of the State, being organized February 24th, 
 1847, and chartered the 15th of July following. The charter 
 members were, John Todhunter, Charles M. Ray, Samuel 
 Lambrot, Simon Doyle, and James L. Anderson. The pres- 
 ent membership is eighty. The first charity was dispensed 
 
 •For these data we are indebted to the secretaries of the various so- 
 cieties
 
 238 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 March 24th, 1847, being four barrels of flour to the relief 
 of the distressed Irish, since which time the order have con- 
 tributed thousands of dollars for charity. It is in excellent 
 condition financially, owning its own hall, and has about 
 $1,000 in the treasury. Rep. to Grand Lodge, John B. 
 Metz; Secretary, Augustus Fuller. 
 
 Willard Encampment, No. 64, I. O. O. F., was instituted 
 April 2d, 1866 aud chartered October 9th, 1866. It ha* a 
 membership of eighteen, and meets semi-monthly. The 
 present officers are, J. D. Skiles, C. P. ; John Heit, S. W. ; 
 Samuel J. Leezer, H. P. ; J. B. Metz, Scribe ; Henry 
 Koostian, Treasurer ; R. E. Hocking, J. W. ; A. K- 
 Smither, O. S. S. ; H. A. Niemann, I. S. S. ; Rep. to Grand 
 Encampment, J. B. Metz. 
 
 Security Lodge, No. 18, I. O. M. A. This Lodge was or- 
 ganized November 12th, 1878, and chartered December 
 10th following. There were twenty-six charter members. 
 The whole number enrolled is thirty-seven Present mem- 
 bership, fifteen. The society meets in Odd Fellows' Hall 
 the first Monday in each month. This order is purely a 
 charitable institution, its object being to aid the poor and 
 destitute in case of sickness, etc. 
 
 Band of Hope. This is a children's society, organized 
 for the purpose of promoting the cause of temperance, and 
 morals of the young. It meets every Friday evening at the 
 Methodist Episcopal Church. Its organization took place 
 about one year ago. 
 
 PLEASANT VIEW. 
 
 This is a little town situated in the extreme southeast 
 part of the township. It was laid out by Ebenezer Dim- 
 mick, July 21st, 1843, and situated in section thirty-six. 
 The first business was transacted by E. Dimmick, who was 
 both merchant and postmaster. The present business is as 
 follows : 
 
 Om-ral Stores. — E Dimmick, Warren Mallory. 
 
 Basket Factory. — Charles Edwards. 
 
 Wagon Maker. — G. W. Scott. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — George F. Rebman, Henry Landon. 
 
 Postmaster. — E. Dimmick. 
 
 With the exception of a few years, Mr. Dimmick has 
 been postmaster since the commencement of the town. 
 
 Schuyler County Agricultural Society. — The first organiza- 
 tion of this society was effected March 17th, 1855. At the 
 preliminary meeting, Benjamin Chadsey was chosen chair- 
 man. The first officers elected were, President, Benjamin 
 Chadsey ; Vice-Presidents, John Brown, and E. M. Wilson ; 
 Corresponding Secretary, J. D. Manlove ; Recording Sec- 
 retary, D W. C. Johnston ; Treasurer, Willis Casson. The 
 
 Executive Committee were chosen from the several town- 
 ships, as follows: Rushville, Jonathan Patterson and Levi 
 Lusk ; Buena Vista, Jacob Snyder and John McCreery ; 
 Frederick, Jesse Darnell and Thomas Bellomy ; Browning, 
 Thomas J. Kinney and Samuel Burtiss ; Hickory, Henry 
 Klepper and William K. Jones ; Bainbridge, Abraham 
 Lamaster and George Strong ; Littleton, James De Witt 
 and John Sellars; Birmingham, Dr. Cyrus Cowdry and 
 James G. King; Brooklyn, Charles D. King and James 
 Worthington. The first fair was held in the fall of 1855, 
 on the present school house grounds. It was subsequently 
 held in Parrott's pasture, east of town. In 1859, the asso- 
 ciation leased ten acres of ground from the county for 
 ninety-nine years, it being the northeast quarter of south- 
 east quarter of section twenty-six, in Buena Vista township, 
 and about a mile west of town. Since that time the grounds 
 have been increased to about twenty five acres, making very 
 convenient aud commodious arrangements for fair purposes. 
 It contains an excellent half-mile track, and a large am- 
 phitheatre, sufficient to accommodate at least 1500 people. 
 There are two hundred stalls for stock, besides several box 
 stalls. It contains a floral hall, and three other buildings 
 for exhibition purposes. The ground is well shaded and 
 watered, so that those in attendance are well supplied with 
 comforts. The present officers are, President, Robert B 
 McMaster; Vice-President, John Potts; Corresponding and 
 Recording Secretary, John S. Bagby ; Treasurer, A. H. 
 Clark ; Executive Committee, Martin W. Greer, Charles 
 W. Worthington, Alrick M. Foster, Thomas Coupland, and 
 John M. Johnson. The society is in good condition finan- 
 cially, havinj: paid premiums in full, with a balance still in the 
 treasury. During two years of the late war the fair sus- 
 pended operations. * The first premiums were paid wholly 
 with silver-ware. The leading stock men of the county, at 
 this writing, are, A. H. Clark, R. B. McMaster, James 
 Teel, John A. Young, F. E. and M. E. Cady, Wilber F. 
 Whitson & Son, Martin W. Greer & Co., Charles Wor- 
 thington, Thomas Coupland, A. M. Foster, W. W. Potts, 
 Fred and Charles Rodewald. Jacob Pruett, Simon Doyle & 
 Sons, Henry G. Teel, and George Garrison. 
 
 We have 1 thus summed up the history of Rushville town 
 and township. Much pains have been taken to have the 
 early points of history revised aud corrected by living par- 
 ties ; and although there is some discrepancy between this 
 and other writers upon some of the pioneer history, it is 
 believed the version here given is as nearly correct as the 
 lapse of time will traditionally furnish. We here drop the 
 pen, leaving it for the future historian to take up the thread 
 of events where we have left off, and record the same for the 
 benefit of coming generations.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 
 
 «— « o n- 
 
 fthfi* 
 
 ZiOl. 
 
 Among the old and prominent citizens of Schuyler was 
 the subject of the following sketch : — During his life, he filled 
 many places of honor and trust, and was for many years the 
 leading and representative business man of Rushville. 
 William H. Ray was born in Dutchess county, New York, 
 December 14th, 1812. His father, Simeon Ray, was also a 
 native of the same county, and was born September 10, 1781 , 
 and died in Dutchess county February 16, 1831. His mother, 
 Amelia Simmons Ray, was born March 18, 1790, and died 
 in Utica, New York, May 28, 1867. William H. grew to 
 manhood in his native state and in his youth received a 
 limited education, which in after years was much improved 
 by extensive reading and close observation of men and 
 things. He remained in New York until he attained his 
 majority, then commenced to seek his fortune, as was the 
 custom of the adventurous youth of his day. In 1834 he 
 came to Rushville, and here, in connection with Hart Fel- 
 lows, embarked in mercantile business. The partnership 
 continued until 1840, then Fellows retired, and Mr. Ray 
 conducted the business alone until 1844, when the firm of 
 Little &. Ray was formed, and continued until the death 
 
 of the latter, which occurred January 25, 1881. He mar- 
 ried Mary Jane Cunningham, of New York, by which union 
 there were three children, two of whom are living. Their 
 names are Charles E. and George C. Ray. The former lives 
 in New York and married Miss Irene Miller, by whom he 
 has two children, named Jane and August Ray. George C. 
 was born in Rushville March 17, 1844. He married Lydia. 
 Parrot, daughter of Josiah Parrot. Four children, named 
 William Henry, Anna P., George C, and Mary Catherine 
 Ray. He is a member of the firm of Little, Ray & Co. 
 After the death of his first wife Mr. Wm. H. Ray married 
 Miss Mabel B. Tolles, who was born in Tennessee, April 16, 
 1831. She died February 14, 1880. There was bom to 
 William H. and Mabel Ray nine children, six of whom have 
 survived the parents, four sons and two daughters. Their 
 names in the order of their birth are Dwight E , who was 
 born in Rushville, July 11, 1855. He married Miss Jennie 
 L. Dyson, February 22, 1882. William B., Benjamin F., 
 Lizzie B., Harriet A., and James T. Ray. William B. 
 married Miss Mary L. Caldwell, a native of Farmington. 
 Illinois. 
 
 239
 
 240 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 In politics, Mr. Ray was originally an old line whig. 
 When that party was disbanded he joined the Republican 
 organization, and was a staunch supporter of the principles 
 of that political organization until his death. He enjoyed 
 the confidence of the leaders of the party, and was an in- 
 timate friend of Abraham Lincoln. In 1872 he represented 
 his district in Congress, and served with distinction in that 
 body. On the 27th of May, 1865, the first national bank 
 of Rushville was started, and he was chosen its first president, 
 and held that position until death. It was mainly through 
 his efforts that the bank was organized. Mr. Riy belonged 
 to the positive order of men, and was a natural leader. He 
 was possessed of wonderful perceptive faculties and his de 
 cision of character was remarkable. He rarely hesitated, 
 but formed his opinion at once. This was particularly true 
 in all business matters. His sound judgmeut led him un 
 erringly to choose the best, and a proposition was no sooner 
 made than accepted or rejected. He was a man of no strong 
 religious convictions, though he favored the Presbyterian 
 faith. In his home he was a kind and indulgent father, and 
 an affectionate husband, though never demonstrative. Th< 
 current of his feelings ran deep, and his warm sympathetic 
 nature only came to the surface under strong provocation 
 and from unusally exciting causes. As a business man" he 
 was known for his probity of character and strict business- 
 principles. 
 
 DR. JOSHUA N. SPEED 
 
 Is a native of Danville, Kentucky. The date of his birth 
 was February 1st, 1834. The family is of English and 
 Scotch ancestry. They were early settlers in Virginia, and 
 emigrated to Kentucky soon after the latter state was admit- 
 ted into the Union. Members of the Speed family became 
 prominent in the councils of their state, and also in the 
 nation. William Speed, the father of the subject of this 
 sketch, is a native of Carey county, Kentucky. In early 
 life he followed the trade of cabinet maker, subsequently 
 held the office of police judge of Danville, Kentucky. He 
 came to Illinois in 1854, and settled in the town of Rush- 
 ville, where he still resides, and where he is one of the jus- 
 tices of the peace He married Elizabeth Nichols, a native 
 of Providence, Rhode Island. The marriage took place in 
 Kentucky, where she was taken while yet in her infancy. 
 By that union there were four children, three of whom are 
 living. Dr. Speed is the eldest of the offspring. His youth 
 was spent in the private schools of his native town, wherein 
 he was fitted for entrance to college. At the age of eighteen 
 he entered Center College at Danville, and graduated from 
 that institution in the class of 1853. In I860, the same 
 institution conferred on him the honorary degree of A. m. 
 In the winter of 1855-'6, he was elected to, and filled the 
 Chair of Mathematics in McDonough College at Macomb, 
 Illinois Mr. Speed had in early life determined to adopt 
 the profession of medicine, as the business of his life, and, 
 with that idea in view, paid particular attention and studied 
 
 with care those branches that would aid him in his profes- 
 sion. After the family came to Illinois he entered the office 
 of Dr. Sweeney, of Rushville, and commenced the study. 
 He read the standard text-books and pursued his studies 
 diligently until the fall of 1858, when he entered the medi- 
 cal department of the University of Iowa, at Keokuk, and 
 there took two regular courses and graduated from the uni- 
 versity in the spring of 1860 with the degree of M. D. Sub- 
 sequently he attended a course for practitioners in Rush 
 Medical College, Chicago, Ills. During the vacation in 
 1859 he commenced the practice in Rushville After his 
 graduation, he went to Ripley, in Brown county, and prac- 
 ticed until the fall of 1861, when he came to Rushville, and 
 here he has continued to the present. During the war he 
 was assistant-surgeon in the provost marshal's department of 
 the Ninth Congressional District, and remained in that posi- 
 tion until the close of the war. Dr. Speed is a believer in 
 and practices the regular school of medicine. He is pro- 
 gressive, and keeps fully posted in all the discoveries that 
 are constantly being made in the science of medicine. In his 
 practice he has been more than ordinarily successful, and it 
 has been reasonably remunerative. 
 
 On the 13th of June, 1861, he was united in marriage to 
 Miss Virginia Ellen, daughter of Rev. John Scripps. She 
 was born in Schuyler county. Her family were among the 
 old settlers of this section of the country. They were natives 
 of England. The doctor's marriage has been blessed with 
 five children, two of whom are living, whose names are — 
 William Henry, and Elizabeth Speed. Both the doctor 
 and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. He is a 
 member of the Order of A. F. and A. M. Politically, he 
 comes from old line whig stock, most of whom were devoted 
 to the theory of emancipation as advocated by Henry Clay. 
 When the republican party was formed, the doctor became 
 a member of that political organization and cast his first 
 presidential vote for John C. Fremont in 1856. In his 
 habits he is temperate, and is an advocate of prohibition. 
 Dr. Speed is a man of pleasant and agreeable manners, and 
 a companionable gentleman. 
 
 JACOB HAMMOND 
 
 Was born in Knox county, Ohio, Nov. 28, 1835, and came 
 to Illinois in April, 1863, and settled in Woodstock town- 
 ship, Schuyler county ; subsequently removed to Bainbridge 
 township; in the fall of 1872 came to Rushville, where he 
 has since resided. In 1861 Mr. Hammond enlisted in Com- 
 pany A, of the 65th Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry 
 and subsequently became first lieutenant. In March, 1882. 
 he was appointed post master of Rushville. On the 20th of 
 June, 1865, he married Sarah M. Lawler, a native of 
 Schuyler county, by which marriage there are two children 
 named Charles H., and Harald J. Hammond. Politically 
 he has, since casting his first vote, been a staunch and active 
 Republican.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 241 
 
 V 
 
 The present county clerk, of Schuyler county, is a native 
 of Browning township. His father, John Bogue, was born 
 of Quaker parentage in Harrison county, Ohio, on the 21st 
 of January, 1819. In 1830, when eleven years old, he came 
 with his father's family to Fulton county in this state, where 
 he grew to manhood. He embarked in the mercantile busi- 
 ness at Ipava, which he carried on till 1849, when he sold 
 his stock of goods, and coming to Schuyler county purchased 
 a saw and grist mill in Browning township. This mill 
 shortly afterward burned down. He then erected a saw mill 
 and afterward a grist mill, which he carried on till his death, 
 which occurred in the year 1866. He represented Brown- 
 ing township one term on the board of supervisors, but took 
 
 no active part in politics or public affairs. He was married 
 31 
 
 on the 4th of July, 1849, to Margaret M. Marshall, a native 
 of Ohio, who is still living. Mark Bogue was the second of 
 five children, of whom three are living, and was born on the 
 1st of January, 1852. He was raised in Browning township, 
 and his education was principally obtained in the schools of 
 that part of the county. After holding several public posi- 
 tions in Browning township in 1877, he was elected a mem- 
 ber of the board of supervisors. The same year he received 
 the Democratic nomination as candidate for county clerk, 
 and was elected in November, 1877. In August, 1882, he 
 was renominated for this office, without opposition, by the 
 Democrats of the county. In his politics he has always been 
 a member of the Democratic party.
 
 2 42 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 _-■" ■ ■ ■ -■■' ."■'-■".'■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ 
 
 'fiUtrv**' cp,y^y ri <' 
 
 Is the son of James and Hannah (Wilson) Dyson, who were | 
 natives of Rochdale, Lancashire, England. They emigrated i 
 to America }u 1841, came direct to Rushville, 111., where Mr. 
 Dyson died in August of the same year. His wife, the 
 mother of Edwin, still survives him, and is a resident of 
 Rushville. There were three sons and one daughter born to j 
 James and Hannah Dyson ; two sons are yet living Edwin ' 
 is the youngest, he was born in Rochdale, Lancashire, July 
 28th, 1838, and was in his third year when the family came 
 to America. Here he grew to manhood, attended the 
 schools of Rushville, and he received a fair education. 
 At the age of sixteen he entered the office of the Schuyler 
 Democrat, and commenced to learn the printers' trade ; he 
 spent three years of an apprenticeship, and then commenced 
 work in the office of the Citizen, where he remained eight 
 years, and for several years was foreman. He then left 
 Rushville and went to St. Louis, and worked at the case for 
 four years in the office of the Missouri Republican. In the 
 summer of 1868 he returned to Rushville, and on the 1st 
 
 of July of that year took possession of the Time* office, and 
 has remained editor and proprietor of that journal from 
 that time to the present. Mr. Dyson is a practical printer. 
 In fact, nearly all of his life has been spent in the printing 
 office, either at the case or in the sanctum. The Times, 
 under his skilful management, has grown to be one of the 
 influential journals of the Military Tract, and is, and has 
 been for a number of years, the recognized organ of 
 the Democratic party of Schuyler county. In the matter 
 of politics, Mr. Dyson has always been a Democrat. In 
 1877, he was nominated by his party for the office of County 
 Treasurer, and was elected ; in 1882 he was again nominated 
 and we have no doubt will be elected. He is a member of 
 both the A. F. & A. M. and I. O. O. F. societies. On the 
 2d of April 1860 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary F. 
 daughter of William H. Irvin. She is a native of Ken- 
 tucky. By that union there were three children, their 
 name?, in the order of their birth, are, Jenny, who is the 
 wife of Dwight E. Ray, Orion E., and Howard F. Dyson.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 243 
 
 JAMES G. McCREERY 
 Was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, July 15th, 1815. 
 He is of Scotch-Iriih parentage. His parents, Hugh 
 and Sarah (Guy) McCreery, came to America in 1827, 
 Ian ling at Philadelphia, and from thence to Pittsburg, 
 and in the spring of 1828 came down the river on the sec- 
 ond steamboat that ran on western waters. They came to 
 Rushville and here lived until 1834, when both parents fell 
 victims to the cholera. There were eight childreu, two of 
 whom are living, viz., the subject of this sketch, and Sarah, 
 who is the wife of John Young. James G is the youngest 
 of the family. He was yet in his boyhood when the family 
 came to America. His education was mainly obtained here. 
 In 1831 he went to Jacksonville, III., to learn the drug 
 business, and remained there three years, then returned to 
 Rushville, and soon after engaged in the drug trade, in 
 which he has continued, with slight intermission, to the 
 present- We venture the assertion that he is among the old 
 est, if not the oldest druggist in the state. In July 1836 he 
 was united in marriage to Miss Anna Maria Putman. She 
 was born in Montgomery county, New York. By that 
 marriage there have been twelve children ; three sons and 
 three daughters are still living. Politically he was origin- 
 ally, Whig, subsequently joined the Republican party, and 
 was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 
 Chicago in 1S60, that nominated Abraham Lincoln for the 
 presidency. In 1872 he voted for Horace Greeley. He 
 was for a number of years Internal Revenue Assessor for 
 the Ninth District. Both he and his wife are members of 
 the Presbyterian Church. He is a member of the I. O. 0. 
 F. order. Mr. McCreery belongs to the enterprising citi- 
 zens of Schuyler county- He has always been active in 
 promoting and aiding enterprises of a public character, that 
 had for their object the increase of the material wealth of 
 the town or county. He took active part in the organiza- 
 tion of the Rock Island and St. Louis railroad, and was one 
 of the first directors of the road, and subsequently became 
 its treasurer Mr. McCreery is a very pleasant and quiet 
 gentleman, of plain, unobtrusive manners, and dignified 
 bearing. In the community he where has long resided, and 
 where he is now one of the oldest settlers, he has always 
 been regarded as an honorable man, upright and conscien- 
 tious in all his dealings with mankind. 
 
 WILLIAM H. H. RADER, 
 
 The present efficient circuit clerk of Schuyler county, is of 
 German extraction. His father, Peter Rader, was a native 
 of East Tennessee. At an early age he emigrated to Rush 
 county, Indiana, where he followed the trade of stone and 
 brick mason. He remained in Indiana until 1870, then came 
 to Schuyler county, and here died in 1880. He married 
 Margaret Lintz, who was also a native of East Tennessee. 
 The offspring of that marriage is six children. William H. 
 H. is among the eldest. He was born in Rush county, In- ' 
 diana, April 14, 1838. In his boyhood years he attended ' 
 the schools of Rushville, Ind., and therein received a fair 
 
 common school education. He learned the trade of brick 
 mason with his father and followed that trade as a means of 
 livelihood, until the fall of 1867, when he came to Illinois. 
 In the fall of 1861, soon after the breaking out of the late war 
 he enlisted for three years in Co. G, of the 46th Regt. Ind.Vol. 
 Infantry, His regiment became a part of the 13th Army 
 Corps in the army of the Mississippi. He participated with 
 the command in the battles and skirmishes at New Madrid, 
 St. pharles in Arkansas, Arkansas Port, Raymond, Grand 
 Gulf, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, and the siege and 
 capture of Vicksburg; he was promoted to the rank of 
 orderly sergeant and subsequently to the second lieutenancy 
 of his company. Soon after the fall of Vicksburg he was 
 compelled to resign on account of sickness and death in his 
 family; he returned home and re-engaged in his trade, which 
 he followed until he came to Illinois. He settled in Hunts- 
 ville township in this county and engaged in farming, which 
 occupation he pursued until in 1880, when he was nominated 
 by the Democratic party in convention assembled for the 
 office of circuit clerk. In the ensuing election in November 
 following was elected by a handsome majority, and at the 
 present fills the office in a manner that is acceptable to his 
 party, and many friends who honored him with iheirsuff- 
 ages. He is a pains-taking, careful and accommodating offi- 
 cial, and has made many new friends by his pleasant and 
 agreeable manners. In 1859 he was united in marriage to 
 Miss Malinda Rader ; she died in 1868, leaving one child, 
 named Elizabeth Rader. Two other children by that union 
 died in infancy. On the 10th of May, 1871, he married his 
 present wife, who was Clarissa, daughter of William and 
 Elizabeth Rader. She was born in Rush county, Ind. By 
 the latter marriage there are four children named Ira. Ida, 
 Clara and Laura Rader. Both he and his wife are mem- 
 bers of the Presbyterian Church ; he is an honored member 
 of the ancient and honorable order of A. T. of A. M., and 
 belongs to the several orders of Blue Royal Arch, Cryptic 
 and Templar Masonry. At present he is H. P. of Rushville 
 Chapter No. 84, and Eminent Commander of Rushville 
 Commandery U. D. Politically he has, since attaiuiug his 
 majority, been a staunch Democrat : his first vote was cast 
 for Stephen A. Douglas for president in 1860, and from that 
 time to the present has not wavered in his support to the 
 party of his first choice. 
 
 AUGUSTUS NELL. 
 
 The subject of the following sketch is a native of Nassau, 
 Germany, and was born May 21st, 1835. He is the son of 
 John and Caroline (Fey) Nell. His father was a trader in 
 live stock, and possessed sufficient of this world's goods to 
 live comfortably. Augustus received a good education in 
 the schools of his native country. He remained at home 
 until the spring of 1853, then came to America, landing in 
 New York June 11th, of the same year. He immediately 
 set out for Rushville, 111 , where he had friends. There he 
 found work in a hotel, doing all kinds of labor that fell to 
 his hands. The pay was small, but young Augustus was 
 bound to succeed. He remained at the hotel for some time
 
 244 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 then went to the country and tried breaking prairie, but a 
 few months later returned to Rushville, and apprenticed 
 himself to R. H. Griffith to learn the tinsmith trade, with 
 whom he remained four years, then in connection with Tho- 
 mas Wilson went into business for himself. The partnership 
 of Nell & Wilson, tinners, continued one and a half years, 
 then Wilson retired, and the firm was changed to Nell & 
 Leazer, which was continued two years ; then Nell & War- 
 ren : one year later, Robert S. Grier became a partner of 
 Mr. Nell, which partnership continued five years, then Hall 
 purchased Grier's interest. The firm of Nell & Hall con- 
 tinued until Aug. 1st, 1881, since which time Mr. Nell has 
 conducted the business alone. He commenced in a small 
 way, but the business has constantly grown, and now it is 
 regarded as the leading hardware and agricultural imple- 
 ment house in the Military tract. Much of the success of 
 the business is attributable to the energy and enterprise of 
 Mr. Nell. He was the first to introduce the sale of thresh- 
 ing machines in the county as well as other new improved 
 kinds of farm machinery. It may be here added that he 
 was the first to build an iron front and lay the large flag 
 pavement, now generally adopted in the city of Rushville. 
 In short, he has been the means of infusing new life, and 
 imparting energy to others, which has done much to keep 
 business from premature decay. 
 
 On the 29th of December, 1857, he was united in mar- 
 
 riage to Miss Mary E-, daughter of James Beard. She was 
 born at Sugar Grove, in Schuyler county. There were 
 seven children by that union, five of whom are still living ; 
 their names, in the order of their birth, are : Walter B., 
 Clarence, Lillie, Bertie, and Harvey Nell. Both Mr. and 
 Mrs. Nell are members of the M. E church. He is a mem- 
 ber of the I O. O. F., and belongs to Rushville Lodge, No. 
 24. ' Politically he has always acted and voted the Repub- 
 lican ticket. In 1877 he was nominated for the office of 
 County Treasurer, but was defeated by a small majority ; in 
 1879 he again made a race for the same office, and was 
 elected by a majority of one hundred and thirty votes, 
 which was largely in excess of his party's vote. This was 
 a great victory, as the county is largely Democratic, and it 
 also shows Mr. Nell's popularity, and the people's estimate 
 of him as a man and citizen. He has at various times held 
 offices in the city government, and at present is a member 
 of the City Council. This, in short, is a brief sketch of the 
 life of Mr. Nell. He came to Rushville poor, in fact, had 
 to borrow a small sum to get there; he immediately went to 
 work and accepted the first job offered him, saved his money, 
 learned a trade, got into business, and by the exercise of 
 energy and industry has built that business up until it has 
 brought him a competency- In his official capacity as 
 County Treasurer, he has made hosts of friends who would 
 again take pleasure in honoring him with their suffrages.
 
 LADY FULTON & C.C. 
 
 " SYLVA N FA R M " THE R ES I DEN C £ A N D (Fl N E STOC k) FARM OF J AM E
 
 A. TEAL, SEC. Z,T. 2, Ft. I J (fiUSHVILLE T P.) SCHUYLER CO. ILLINOIS.
 
 MT. STERLING TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY. 
 
 -«— *-*Wl£o<gzw\r*-~»— 
 
 I HIS township's history commences at a 
 time antedating a half century. Fifty- 
 five years ago it was but a lonely ex- 
 panse, inhabited only by the Aborigines, 
 and the wild game of the forest. The 
 white man came, and with him the thrift 
 and civilization that soon transformed a 
 wild waste into a habitable abode of 
 man. The sturdy pioneers were few, 
 but composed of that material which was able to endure 
 every hardship, and to overcome the many obstacles that 
 fell across their comparatively lonely path. It was no 
 enviable task to clear the timbers of the sturdy forest, or to 
 undergo the labor, inconveniences, and even dangers of the 
 lot of the pioneer, and yet these hardy few never flinched or 
 became discouraged in the part they had to perform. In* 
 deed, to talk with the few remnants of them to-day of ye 
 olden time, the listener will naturally conclude that those were 
 the happiest days of their lives. Many a time has the writer» 
 in his interviews with them, been urgently pressed to remain 
 longer, as the recollections of the past had been so vividly 
 brought to their minds again by talking of the times of Auld 
 Lang Syne, that it was with seeming reluctance that the in- 
 terview had to close ; blessings on their worthy gray hairs ; 
 in the unknown beyond they will certainly reap a fitting re- 
 ward for the services they have rendered to their race. 
 
 Township organization took effect in the spring of 1854 
 and the territory included within the boundaries of township 
 one south, and range three west, was named Mt. Sterling, 
 in honor of the village of the same name, which was laid out 
 in section 17, as early as 1833. It is centrally situated, and 
 contains a full congressional township, thirty-six sections. It 
 is bounded on the north by Missouri township, on the east 
 by Cooperstown, south by Elkhorn, and west by Lee. The 
 surface is undulating, and originally was covered mainly 
 with good timber. Six's Prairie extends partly through the 
 township, being nearly centrally located, and widening like 
 a wedge as it passes westward. A tributary of Crooked 
 creek drains the north and east part of the township, while 
 a branch of McKee's creek in the southwest affords equal 
 facilities for that part of the territory. The land is all 
 susceptible of cultivation, and is specially adapted to the 
 
 culture of wheat, though corn is raised to some extent and 
 with excellent success. Other cereals are cultivated and 
 marketed, but wheat and corn constitute the chief product. 
 The facilities for transportation of the various products are 
 excellent The Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific railroad 
 enters the township from the northwest in section seven, ex- 
 tends in a southeasterly direction and passes out in section 
 thirty-five. Two shipping points are on the line, Mt. Ster- 
 ling and Hersmau, the former being the capital of the county. 
 
 FIRST SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The honor of making the first settlement within the present 
 boundaries of Mt. Sterling township belongs to the pioneer, 
 John Six, more familiarly known in his day as " Jack" Six. 
 He was born in Tennessee, but when a mere boy he moved 
 with his parents to Kentucky. Here he grew to manhood, 
 and'married Jane Harsher. In 1823, there was great ex- 
 citement in some of the southwestern States, especially Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee, relating to the beautiful country of 
 Illinois. It was during this excitement that Mr. Six, in 
 company with his brother David, and several others, iu the 
 summer of 1823, packed up what little they possessed, and 
 started for the new Eldorado. Mr. Six first located in San- 
 gamon county, where he remained for some time. In the 
 fall of 1828, he came to what is now Brown county, and 
 settled in section 20, a little southwest of the present city of 
 Mt, Sterling. His family then consisted of his wife and one 
 son, John, Jr. He threw up a rude cabin and commenced 
 the life of a pioneer. What is remarkable, and is an excep- 
 tion to all early settlements is, that he should choose the 
 prairie in preference to the timber, as it was the general 
 conclusion of the first settlers that soil which would not pro- 
 duce timber was of but little value, and therefore it was 
 avoided. This prairie belt was of considerable extent, cov- 
 ering many thousand acres, and received the name it bears, 
 Six's Prairie, from the pioneer, "Jack" Six. In 1841, he 
 concluded to move further west, and went to the State of 
 Missouri ; not liking the country, he returned to the county 
 in 1850, and again settled in Mt. Sterling township, but sub- 
 sequently moved to Missouri township, where he died in 
 1854. Mrs. S. died quite early, and Mr. Six afterwards 
 married the second time. His widow and one son now re- 
 
 245
 
 246 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 side on the homestead in Missouri township. Mr. Six was 
 in every sense a pioneer, and could adapt himself to all the 
 circumstances that fell to the lot of the early settler. He 
 was an expert marksman, and could handle the rifle as well 
 as the plow. His exploits while upon the hunt are yet re- 
 lated with much fervor by the few remaining settlers of that 
 early time. Then the wild deer were plenty in the forest. 
 Wolves, bears, panthers, wild turkeys, and other game 
 abounded, and the experienced marksman became a hero in 
 the eyes of his neighbors. Robert N Curry, one of the old- 
 est citizens of Mt. Sterling, informed the writer that a black 
 bear skin which he purchased of Mr. Six, constituted his 
 saddle, when he returned to Kentucky in 1831, for the pur- 
 pose of wedding his wife. Wild honey was then as common 
 as the flowers of the prairie, and it formed one of the prin- 
 cipal dishes of the table. Beeswax was about the only article 
 that brought ready cash. With the expert bee hunters, it 
 was not uncommon to have a barrel or two of strained honey 
 at their disposal. 
 
 One to settle here about the same time as Mr. Six, was 
 William McDaniel, and the first in fact to locate within the 
 present boundaries of the city of Mt. Sterling. He came 
 from Tennessee with his family, accompanied by his son-in- 
 law, Perkins. Both built cabins within the present city 
 
 limits. They remained but a short time, selling their claim 
 to Alexander Curry, when they moved to Pike county, and, 
 subsequently to the State of Missouri. William Wilson, an 
 emigrant from Kentucky, came the same fall, and located 
 in section 20, not far from Jack Six. He had a large family 
 — a peculiarity of the pioneers — and came to the new coun- 
 try with high hopes of making them a comfortable home. 
 Not being well satisfied with the prairies, about the year 
 1830, he moved to the banks of Crooked creek, in township 
 one south, range two west, now Cooperstown. He estabr 
 lished the first ferry across the creek at this point, and re- 
 mained here until 1846, when he migrated with his family 
 to the State of Oregon. Another pioneer of 1828, was Dr. 
 Bristow, a native of Virginia. He came to Illinois in an 
 early day, and first settled in the American Bottom. Late 
 in the fall of the above year, he moved to the county, and 
 located in Six's prairie, section 19. He had a family con- 
 sisting of a wife and six children, four sons and two daugh- 
 ters. One of the latter was then the wife of Mark Riggin, 
 who came with the rest of the family and settled near them. 
 Dr. Bristow was popular with his neighbors, and was their 
 first physician. His house, and that of his son-in-law, Rig- 
 gin, was situated a little south of the Eagle Mills. They 
 both sold out about 1834, and moved from the county. 
 Mark Riggin was the first blacksmith in the township, and 
 shod the horses, and manufactured the linch-pins for the 
 pioneers. His shop was a pole cabin, situated near his 
 house, and his outfit for tools was in keeping with the times. 
 But one of the family is a resident of the county, Mrs. G. 
 Tucker, who lives in Mt. Sterling. Obediah Nix came about 
 the same time as Dr. Bristow, and located near him, south- 
 west of the city. He also came from the South, and had a 
 small family. His infant child was the first born, and her 
 death the first, that occurred in Mt. Sterling township. Mr. 
 
 Nix was of a restless disposition, and after shifting about 
 from place to place in different parts of the county, he 
 packed his possessions and moved further west. 
 
 The foregoing are all the heads of families who made set" 
 tlements in 1828. In 1829, there were several accessions to 
 the new settlement. The first in this year to malce a perma- 
 nent settlement was Abel Larkins, who was then a single 
 man. Mr. L. was born in Rutland, Vermont, in the year 
 1801. When he was but three years old, his parents moved 
 to Ohio, where he lived until he became a young man. His 
 aspirations induced him to come westward, and in 1828, he 
 reached the state of Illinois, where he spent nearly a year 
 in looking over the country. In the spring of 1829, he 
 came to the county and made an informal claim in section 
 21, now Mt. Sterling town hip. This he could not enter 
 until 1830, as it did not come into market until that date. 
 In order to hold the claim, he commenced a small improve- 
 ment upon. the same the yeir prior, 1829. He erected a 
 cabin, split rails, and broke a small patch of ground. When 
 the time came for sale, he went to Edwardsville and pur- 
 chased his land, paying 81.25 an acre. In 1832, he erected 
 a hewed lng house, working his land and " baching" itduring 
 most of the time until 1835, when he married Adeline Had- 
 ley, of Hancock county. From this marriage, eleveu children 
 were born : Sawyer, Manvill, Sarah S., John T., Isabella M., 
 Charles E., Zimrhada Lr, Mary A., Frederick S., and two 
 who died in infancy. Only four of the above are now liv- 
 ing ; two of them reside in the county, Isabella and Zimrha- 
 da. Mrs. Larkins died only a year ago, being at her death 
 upwards of 69 years of age. Mr. Larkins is 81 years of 
 age, and yet living at. the old home in section 21. He is the 
 oldest surviving pioneer in the township. The log house he 
 erected in 1832, still stands as a monument to remind him 
 of his early hopes and struggles. Near it is his old orchard, 
 one of the first planted in the county, some of the trees of 
 which are a foot or more in diameter. He informed us that 
 when he came to the county, several Indian wigwams stood 
 where the orchard now is. David Six, a brother of Jack 
 Six, came to Illinois, as already stated, in 1823 ; stopped in 
 Sangamon county, and in the fall of 1829, followed his 
 brother to this part of the state, and located near him, in 
 section 20. Two years later, he purchased land and made a 
 permanent settlement in section 22. This chapter would be 
 incomplete without giving a brief description of his advent 
 to the State in 1823. His possessions consisted of his little 
 family, two horses, and twenty-five cents in money. They 
 had ridden on their horses from the Kentucky home, carry- 
 ing their children in their arms through this long and ardu- 
 ous journey. We record this fact, that the present genera- 
 tion may have a knowledge of the many trials and hard- 
 ships of their pioneer ancestors. When they came to the 
 county, five children were already born to them : Nancy, 
 Martha J., Daniel, Abraham and Alexander. Seven others 
 were added to the family : Mary A., Isabella, William H., 
 Cynthia, Elizabeth, Oliver P. and James P. All of the 
 children are living except two ; six of them are residents of 
 the county. Mr. Six cultivated his farm, and at intervals' 
 manufactured hats, as that was his trade. The material and
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 247 
 
 trimmings he purchased with beeswax, that being a cash 
 article in the market. He was a prosperous farmer, leaving 
 a fair competency for his family at his death, which occurred 
 in the fall of 1857. Mrs. Six is yet living at the old home, 
 and is now in the seventy-ninth year of her age. She was 
 born in North Carolina, her maiden name being Elizabeth 
 Cox. A part of her residence comprises the hewed log 
 house that was the home of these pioneers in 1831. It is 
 now weather-boarded, and to the passer-by, would not be 
 taken as one of the relics of early times. Benjamin Haley 
 also came from Kentucky in 1829, and settled in section 15. 
 He afterwards moved to Missouri township, where he died 
 but a few years ago. Michael Killion, and a man by the 
 name of Ball, came in the same year. They came from In- 
 diana. The former located in section 15, and the latter in 
 section 28. The following named persons also came in 1829, 
 and were emigrants from Tennessee or Kentucky: Brit 
 Provost, Mr. Steele, Leak Birnes, Pierce, and Wyatt. 
 The latter died a few months after his coming, his being the 
 second death in the township. Several of the above parties 
 bscame disgusted with the winter of the deep snow — 1830 
 and 1831 — and soon afterward removed to warmer latitudes. 
 
 Another prominent settler was Alexander Curry, who 
 was born in Maryland in 1770. When he was ten years of 
 age his parents moved to Kentucky, where he grew to man- 
 hood. In 1799, he was married to Elizabeth Nutter of the 
 state of Delaware. He remained in Kentucky until 1829, 
 when he became possessed of the " Illinois fever," and in 
 company with his second son, Robert N, made a p-ospect- 
 ing tour of the state. Being well pleased with the looks of 
 the country, the following spring he moved his family to 
 the state, and located in section 17, now city of Mt. Sterling. 
 The first night here they stayed with William McDaniel, 
 and subsequently bought out his claim. The family of 
 Mr. C. then consisted of his wife, three sons and six daugh- 
 ters, Daniel, Robert N., John R., Olivia, Sally, Nancy, 
 Leah, Mary and Harriet, three of whom were then married, 
 John R., Olivia and Nancy. Five only of this large family 
 are now living, Robert N., John R., Leah, widow of Jacob 
 Vandeventer, Mary, wife of George R. Givens, and Harriet, 
 wife of William Taylor. All are now residents of this 
 township. Mr. Curry formed an important factor in the 
 time in which he lived, holding several offices of trust and 
 honor, leaving at his death a good competency for his 
 family. He died in 1842, and his wife survived him but a 
 few years. • 
 
 Robert N., now living in Mt. Sterling, was one of the 
 first justices of the peace, and has been clerk of both circuit 
 and county courts. 
 
 Mrs. Rachel Vandeventer, and her two sons, Jacob and 
 Isaac, came from Virginia in an early day and first located 
 in Versailles town-hip, section 15. • In 1830, Jacob aud his 
 mother removed to what is now Mt. Sterling in section 17. 
 Isaac remained in Versailles where he died with the cholera 
 in 1851. Mrs. V. died in Mt. Sterling in the fall of 1865. 
 Jacob married Leah Curry in 1832, from which union five 
 children were born, all of whom are now living. This was 
 his second marriage; his first wife died in Versailles. He 
 
 died in Mt. Sterling in 1869. His widow survives him, and 
 is now 70 years of age. W. L, sin of the second marriage, 
 is one of the leading attorneys of this judicial district, and 
 resides in Mt. Sterling. Jacob filled several offices of trust 
 and profit in the county, was in the legislature several terms, 
 probate judge, etc, of Brown county. 
 
 Philip A. Howe was a native of Massachusetts, and came 
 to the county a single man in 1830. He was a carpenter 
 by trade, and plied his vocation as his services were de- 
 manded. When in the vigor of manhood, he married Jane 
 McCormick, daughter of Wm. McCormick, one of the 
 early settlers. Four children were born of this union, three 
 of whom are living. Mrs. Howe died some years a^o. 
 The old gentleman is now residing in section 12. Another 
 settler of 1830, was Thomas C. Tinnen, who was born in 
 North Carolina, migrated to Kentucky when a young man, 
 where he married Nancy Clark. In the fall of the year 
 above mentioned, he moved with his family to this township, 
 and settled in section 21, on the land now owned by Hugh 
 Cullinan. At that time there was a little log cabin on the 
 premises, and here he wintered with his family. Besides 
 his own household to obtain quarters in this cabin, was his 
 brother Robert and his wife, one single brother and two 
 sisters. The children of Mr. Tinnen were, Julia A., 
 Christy, Hugh and Abner. The following spring he moved 
 to section 15, where he resided until his death, which oc- 
 curred about, 1840. Mrs. T. live! until 1867. Three of 
 the children reside in the county at this writing. James 
 Alexander came from Tennessee, and was one of the immi- 
 grants of 1830. He settled in section 19. Had a wife and 
 six children. He was endowed with good abilities, and had 
 obtained a fair education for the times, and was the first to 
 teach the three " R's " to the pioneer children of the town- 
 ship. His death occurred a few years after his arrival. 
 Several of his grand-children are residents of the county. 
 In the same year Daniel Kendrick moved from Kentucky, 
 and located in section 20. He had a wife and two children, 
 Mary K., and William. The latter was a world-renowned 
 foot-racer in an early day. His exploits as such were well 
 know throughout the United States and Europe. Mr. Ken- 
 drick moved to Iowa about 1854, where he died. Ben- 
 jamin a brother of Daniel, came in the fall of the following 
 year, and located in section 17. Four of the children are 
 residents of Mt. Sterling. Mr. Kendrick died here but a 
 few years ago. His wife preceded him several years. 
 
 Alexander Cox was born in South Carolina, but after- 
 wards went to Kentucky, and in 1832, moved with his 
 family to this township, and settled in section 20. His 
 family consisted of a wife and two children, Mary J., and 
 Elijah. In 1835, Mr. Cox moved out of the county, and 
 afterwards migrated to Missouri. Not liking the country 
 he came back to Illinois, and located in Pike county, where 
 he died. John Taylor was born in Virginia, and went to 
 Kentucky when he was four years of age. Here he grew to 
 manhood, and married Elizabeth Sheley. Moved with his 
 family to Illinois in the fall of 1831, and stopped at Jack- 
 sonville. In 1832, came to this county and located in sec- 
 tion 31. The family then consisted of his wife and seven
 
 243 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 children, John Jr., William, Benjamin F., Eliza A., George 
 W., Andrew J., Mary J., Nancy and Patsy. Mr. Taylor 
 was twice married. Other children were born to the family 
 while here. He died in 1846, at the old home in section 31. 
 Only three of the children are now residents of the county. 
 Capt. William Taylor, a son, lives in section 20, a good 
 farmer and a respected citizen. William Patterson, William 
 McCormick, and probably a few others came in the same 
 year, 1832. Mr. McCormick established the first tan-yard 
 in the township. It was situated a little east of the city 
 limits. George R. Givens was born in Kentucky, and came 
 to the state of Illinois in the fall of 1832. He was then a 
 single man, and made his first stop in Pike county. He re- 
 mained here about two years, when he came to Brown 
 county, and located at Mt. Sterling. In the fall of 183-1, 
 he married Mary Curry, from which union seven children 
 were born. Only four of them are living, three being resi- 
 dents of the county. One son, John A., lives in the city of 
 Mt Sterling, and is one of the leading merchants. Mr. 
 Givens was the second business man of the town, He and 
 his wife are yet living, and are among the oldest citizens of 
 Mt. Sterling. Another of the early settlers is the Rev. N. 
 W. Dunlap. He was born in New Jersey, and left there 
 barefooted, and on foot for Cincinnati, Ohio, when a mere 
 lad. Here he indentured himself to a mau who was a car- 
 penter, and remained with his foster parent until he was 
 twenty-one years of age. He afterwards went to Louisiana, 
 back to Tennessee, and thence to Kentucky. Here he mar- 
 ried Rebecca M. Ball. In 1834, went to Illinois on a pros- 
 pecting tour, and while in the state bought a small piece of 
 land in Mt. Sterling. Returned to Kentucky, and in 1837, 
 moved with his family to his new found home. At this time 
 his family consisted of his wife and two children, Isabella, 
 and Charles M. Mrs. Dunkp died in 1854. Mr D. i3 yet 
 living at Mt. Sterling at the age of eighty years. He was 
 the first Presbyterian minister of the county, and has preach- 
 ed to the people of this vicinity, more or less, for nearly a 
 half century. He informs us that it is a peculiar fact, that 
 not a single preacher of the Gospel ever died in Mt. Sterling. 
 Henry Hersman located in section 17, in the fall of 1834. 
 He was born in Virginia, but moved to Kentucky where he 
 married Elizabeth Fry. When he came to Brown county 
 there were seven children, Mary, Jacob, George, Susan, 
 Michael, Abraham and Elizabeth. Mrs. H. died in 1856, and 
 Mr. Hersman in 1873. Jacob, the second born of the family 
 was married when his father came, having a wife and one 
 daughter. He located in section 27, near the little town of Hers- 
 man, where he yet resides, and from whom the town receives 
 its name. George is a prominent farmer, residing in the 
 same section. Michael and Abraham are also residents of 
 the county. Among other early settlers, or those native 
 born are, F. M. Curry, Joseph Marrett, Joseph F. Vande- 
 venter, James Harper, George A. Taylor, G. W. Fry, Jas. 
 M. Curry, J. H. Alexander, Stout Kendrick, W. T. Adams, 
 Geo W. Wilson, Edward A. Gordley, Mrs. M. A. Wheat, 
 now residing in Leavenworth, Kan., Dr. Geo. H. Tebo, 
 John Harper, present sheriff of Brown county, John R. 
 Means, and several others. 
 
 Believing that the first land entries in this township 
 will prove of interest to the readers of the history, we here 
 append a few of the same. The first placed on record was 
 made by Abel Larkin, September 25, 1830, being the 
 east half of the southwest quarter of section 21. Septem- 
 ber 29, 18 50, John Foster entered the east half of the 
 northwest quarter of section 27. James Orchard entered 
 the east half of the southeast quarter of section 19, Oct. 
 7, 1830. Mark Riggin entered the west half of the south- 
 west quarter of section 21, November 4, 1830. The 15th 
 of November of the same year, Alexander Steel entered 
 the west half of the southeast quarter of the above section. 
 Alexander Wilson entered the west half of the northwest 
 quarter of section 27, November 22, 1830. It will be seen 
 from the above that for some peculiar cause, not one mil- 
 itary claim was drawn within the limits of Mt. Sterling 
 township, as per showing of the records. 
 
 The marriage of the first couple in this township is attended 
 with a bit of romance. The contracting parties were Henry 
 Massa and Nancy Curry, and the marriage occurred Dec. 
 12th, 1831. Alexander Curry, father of the bride, was op- 
 posed to the union, and the young couple were obliged to 
 unite in the matrimonial bonds without the parental sanction. 
 They accordingly mounted on horseback, and rode to Rush- 
 ville, where the ceremony was performed by John Scripps, 
 a local preacher. It is said that it was an exception to the 
 usual run-away matches, Mr. Massa proving to be an hon- 
 ourable young man, and in after years reared a respectable 
 family. The first born was a child of Obediah Nix, in the 
 spring of 1829. This child was also the first to die in the 
 township. It lived but a few months, and was interred near 
 the cabin of Mr. Nix, which was situate a little south of 
 where the Eagle Flouring Mills now stand- Nothing marks 
 the spot of the little one, to show to the passers-by, that here 
 rests the firstborn, and the first dead of Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship. A cultivated field is only to be seen, and the plowman 
 unconsciously breaks the soil over the silent grave. The 
 first burial-ground is situated in section 28, on the premises of 
 H. Tinnen, and the first interment, made in September, 
 1829, was the burial of a man named Wyatt, an immigrant 
 from Tennessee. He had been here but a few months, when 
 he was stricken with malarial fever, then so prevalent in the 
 country. This cemetery is yet used by the neighborhoods 
 and is enclosed by a good fence, and well kept by the friend , 
 of those who are buried there. James Alexander taught 
 the first school in the summer of 1832. The school-house 
 was a log building, with the ground for a floor, and was con- 
 structed for teaching purposes in the spring of the same 
 year, and situated in section 21, on the lands of Benjamin 
 Kendrick, now owned by J. H. Hersman. It was after- 
 wards taken down and moved to the premises of William 
 Kendrick, and utilized for a still house. The second teacher 
 was Jonathan Billings, who also taught in the same house. 
 The first preaching was by Rev. John Foster, a Missionary 
 Baptist, in 1829 or '30. He resided in Morgan County, and 
 came, occasionally, through here to preach to the pioneers 
 of what was then Schuyler County. The services were held 
 in the cabins of the settlers. Among other pioneer preachers
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 249 
 
 were, Calvin Hobart, Granville Bond, Reuben McCoy, N. 
 W. Dunlap, and the Reverends Oliver aud Bell. Mr. Dun- 
 lap is the only one now living, and resides in the suburbs of 
 Mt. Sterling. The first church house erected was built by 
 the Presbyterian Society in 1836. It was a frame building, 
 and situated on the north side of North Street, just east of 
 the court-house, and on the lot where the new Presbyterian 
 building now stands. It yet exists, and is occupied by Louis 
 Herbster for a carpenter shop The first justices of the 
 peace were, Alexander Curry, R. N. Curry, and Harvey 
 Luster. 
 
 In 1834, a new era, as it were, dawned upon the settlers 
 of Mt. Sterling. A post office was established in their midst, 
 so that they could get their mail without going about four- 
 teen miles for the same, as they had been accustomed to do- 
 Alexander Curry was appointed postmaster, and the post 
 office named Mt. Sterling- His office was kept at his pri- 
 vate residence on Main Street. Prior to this the nearest 
 point for the mail was at Vandeventer Post Office, situated 
 at the bluffs in what is now Versailles township. The first 
 grist mill was built by Alexander Curry, in 1831, and situ- 
 ated in the northeast quarter of section 17, now within the 
 city limits, and on the corner of Washington and East Cross 
 Streets. The power was the old-time, inclined, tread- 
 wheel principle of action. The capacity of the mill was in- 
 sufficient to accommodate the few customers in the neigh- 
 borhood without vexatious delays. It was afterwards taken 
 down, and moved to the premises of the purchaser, Alex- 
 ander Wilson, in section 22. The first saw-mill was con- 
 structed by Joseph Walker, in 1843, and situated on Dry 
 Fork, in section 31, on the premises now owned by Mrs. 
 Nokes. It was a water mill, having an over-shot wheel. 
 Nothing of it now remains, not even the earthworks of the 
 dam, to show that here once might have been heard the busy 
 clatter of machinery. Fine stock was imported into the 
 township as early as 1845. The first was brought from Ohio 
 by Aaron Pauley, consisting of the Berkshire swine. The 
 first blooded cattle was the Durham stock, and brought from 
 Indiana by James N. Rea. Mr. Rea is yet engaged in 
 handling fine stock. 
 
 The improvements of Mt. Sterling township are among 
 the best in the county. Fine farms, and farm residences 
 greet the eye on every hand. The roads and bridges are 
 kept in good condition, and thrift and prosperity are every, 
 where to be seen. Besides, many natural advantages pre- 
 vail. Good sand-stone quarries exist in certain portions of 
 the township ; and lime-stone is also found cropping out 
 near the surface at some points, leaving the geologist to con- 
 clude that valuable quarries underlie the farms of some of 
 the citizens. Coal has been found in small quantities, and 
 it is believed with proper capital and exertion, that the min- 
 ing of coal might prove to be the leading industry of this 
 part of the county. 
 
 The following are the names of the parties who have rep- 
 resented the township a5 members of the county board since 
 township organizations; Jacob Hersman was elected in 
 1854, and served for eight successive terms, and in the 
 years 1856 and 1860, had the honor of being selected 
 
 Chairman of the Board. H. P. Grover elected in 1862, 
 served until 1865. Archibald A. Glenn elected in the 
 spring of 1865, served one term. Daniel Six elected in 1 866, 
 served two terms. George W. McCoy, elected in 1868, 
 served one term. Thomas H. Lynch, elected in 1869, 
 served one term. Thomas Jones elected in 1870, served 
 two terms. Henry P. Grover, re-elected in 1872, served 
 one term. Robert A. Cox, elected in 1873, served one 
 term, and was chosen chairman of the board. W. C. Craw- 
 ford elected in 1874. Geo. W. McCoy re-elected in 1875, 
 served one term. W.C.Crawford, re-elected in 1876. Geo 
 W. McCoy, again elected in 1877, served three successive 
 terms, and was elected chairman for 1878. Fred. W. 
 Rottger, elected in 1880. John J. Teefey, elected in 1881 > 
 reelected In 1882, is the present incumbent, and chairman 
 of the board. 
 
 CITY OF MT. STERLING* 
 
 The capital of the county is situated in the 17th section, 
 and the site it occupies was named by Robert N. Curry in 
 1830, three years before it became a town. Its origin may 
 be briefly told as follows : In the fall of the above year, Mr. 
 Casteen and Mr. Curry were on their way to Edvvards- 
 ville to enter land, the former in Versailles, and the lat. 
 ter for his father in section 17, now Mt. Sterling. Mr. 
 Casteen remarked that he proposed to name his place 
 Woodford, as it so nearly resembled the county he came 
 from in Kentucky, his early home being Woodford county ; 
 and he asked Mr. Curry what he should name the place 
 he was about to enter for his father. Mr. C. studied a 
 moment, and said that he should name it Mt. Sterling, 
 Mt. or mound, it being a rise of ground, and Sterling 
 meaning value or valuable, hence Mt. Sterling. Nearly in 
 the geographical center of the original plat, was situated 
 what is believed to be an Indian mound, a relic of a pre- 
 historic race. It yet has the semblance of made ground, 
 and is the highest point in this part of the county. It was 
 upon this mmnd that Alexander Curry constructed his first 
 hewed log house. It was built in the spring of 1831, and 
 was situated on the north side of Main street, and four lots 
 east of Main Cross street. Nothing but a vacant lot now 
 marks the spot, yet the artificial mound is plainly visible 
 to the pedestrian. It would be proper to state here that 
 Mr. Curry's house on the mound was utilized at various 
 times, for a dwelling, post office, office of Justice of the 
 Peace, hotel, and church. It is f aid that the rain drops 
 falling upon the northern roof flowed to Crooked creek, 
 while those from the south mingled with the waters of Mc- 
 Kee's creek. 
 
 The first house built within the boundaries of the now 
 city of Mt. Sterling, was by William McDaniel, late in 
 1828, and was situated between Main and North streets, 
 
 *The 6rst town laid out in the county was named Pennville. It 
 was situated in the northwest quarter of section 20, township 1 south, 
 range 3 west of the 4th principal meridian, being a little southwest 
 of Mt. Sterling. It was placed on record, the 3d of May, 1833, by 
 '' Jack " Six and Alexander D. Cox. It existed only upon paper, 
 and is now but a cultivated field.
 
 250 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 on the lot where Anthony Rice's blacksmith shop now 
 stands. The well was dug in the alley south of the shop. 
 The house was a rude log cabin, with puncheon floor, and 
 roofed with rived clapboards. Mr. Perkins, a son-in-law 
 of McDaniel, built a cabin about the same time. It was 
 situated on the north side of North street, and on the 
 corner of Main Cross and North streets. The lot is now 
 owned ,by Horace Bates. Alexander Curry bought out 
 both McDaniel aud Perkins, and moved the houses together, 
 making a double log cabin. It was here that the first 
 child was born within the limits of Ml Sterling. The 
 little stranger was Jule V, son of Robert N. Curry. The 
 interesting event took place the 21st of September, 1832. 
 The first goods sold was in the fall of 1830, by Alexander 
 Curry and son, R. N. Curry. The store room was a hewed 
 log house, 16x18 feet, and one story high, and located on 
 what is now Main street The lot at this writing is occu- 
 pied by the brick store of Louis Barry. The stock con- 
 sisted of a few groceries, notions, dry goods and a barrel 
 of whiskey. Mr. R. N. Curry, who is yet living, apolo- 
 getically said to the writer that the whiskey was the 
 first and last of that commodity that he ever sold. The 
 merchandise was purchased in St. Louis, and transported 
 up the rivers to Naples, aud thence overland to Mt. Ster- 
 ling. The store house was used for several y.&ra for mer- 
 cantile purposes, and afterwards moved away and utilized 
 for a stable. Only about two years since it became among 
 the things that were. The first hotel was built by Samuel 
 Brazleton in the fall of 1834. It was a frame house, one 
 story, and about 34x36 feet on the ground, with a porch in 
 front. It was situated on the north side of Main street 
 on the property now owned by the heirs of Dr. J. N. 
 Allen. Mr. Brazleton died in a few years, and the house 
 was afterwards occupied for a dwelling. It has since been 
 moved to Hurlbert's addition in the west part of town, and 
 is yet used for a residence. George Byram was the first 
 blacksmith — this was in 1834. His shop was located on lot 
 57. The smith and building passed away many years ago. 
 The first school-house was the usual old-time log affair, 
 and was built in the spring of 1834. It occupied a part of 
 the street just east of the court-house. In 1836, when that 
 addition was made to the town, the court-house square was 
 laid out, and the streets on either side of it were opened. 
 It thus became necessary to move the school building to 
 some other point. The first teacher employed to conduct 
 the school was a man by the name of Ware. He, like the 
 school-house, has passed out of sight Robert N. Curry 
 built the first frame house in the town, and it is said to be 
 the first in the county. This was in the fall of 1833. It 
 was situated in the corporate limits of the town, and a little 
 north of the court-house. It was a one-story building, and 
 18x34 feet on the ground, and was arranged with two rooms 
 and a hall. The weather boards were rived and shaved, and 
 four feet in length. In 1853, the building was raised to two 
 stories, and other additions made to the same. It is yet 
 standing and is in a good state of preservation. The first 
 frame business house was erected by George R Givens in 
 1834. It was a one-story building, and about 16x36 feet in 
 
 size. It was situated on south side of Main street on lot 
 number 48. Mr. Givens had a fair stock of goods for a 
 small country town. The first brick building was construc- 
 ted by Robert Dawson in about 1835, aud is located on the 
 south side of Main street, lot 42. It was built for a dwell- 
 ing, and is yet occupied as such. The second brick house 
 was a dwelling built by James Brockman, and situated west 
 of the court-house. It has been torn down, and a two-story 
 brick residence occupies the ground. 
 
 What a transition from then to now. Then, the site of 
 the city of Mt. Sterling was covered with hazel brush, and 
 groves of small oak timber, and the wild deer might have 
 been seen dodging through the thickets. An oak tree, now 
 nearly three feet in diameter, is standing on lot 27, north 
 side of Main street. A little less than a half century ago 
 it was a mere bush. At that time Mr. Geo. R. Givens had 
 several parties engaged in rolling the logs for his dwelling. 
 One of the number said, " Let us preserve this bush." It 
 was accordingly bent over to save it from the rude crushing 
 of the logs rolled by the workmen. To day it forms a noble 
 oak tree, and is one of the ornaments of the city. The town 
 was laid out by Alexander Curry and placed on record June 
 3d, 1833 ; William P. Manlove, surveyor. The original 
 plat was located on the northeast quarter of section 17, and 
 contained the following streets : Bounded on the north by 
 North street ; east by East street ; south by South street, 
 and west by West street. Main street extends through the 
 centre from east to west, and Main Cross street bisects it, 
 extending north and south. The first sale of lots was held 
 on the 21st of June, 1833 ; since which time twelve addi- 
 tions have been made, and the city now embraces'one square 
 mile. It is adorned by many fine residences, beautiful shade 
 trees, fine sidewalks, and well-kept streets. The business 
 houses, and public buildings, speak in unmistakable lan- 
 guage of the thrift and enterprise of the people. 
 
 Incorporation. — The first step taken toward incorporating 
 the town was in the spring of 1845. Pursuant to notice a 
 meeting was held at the court-house on the 29th of March, 
 1845, for the purpose of incorporating the town. John J. 
 Smith was called to the chair, and John S. Bailey chosen 
 clerk. They were sworn to faithfully perform the duties of 
 the same, by Spencer Lowden a Justice of the Peace. 
 Twenty votes were cast, all in favor of incorporating. The 
 following are the names of those voting : James W. Single- 
 ton, G. C. Robinson, Iram Nye, M. A. J. Hunter, Spencer 
 Lowden, Johnson Lieper, Geo. R. Givens, John Nye, Geo. 
 Smith, John S. Bailey, John J. Smith, James Brockman, A. 
 F. Pope, George M. Pickett, Samuel K. Brierton, Wm. P. 
 Walker, A. J. Dragoo, Clark Dennis, J ames S. Irwin, and 
 Daniel Curry. An election was called for the purpose of 
 electing town officers on the 5th of April, 1845, with the 
 following result : G. C. Robinson, A. L. Hobbs, Jno. 8. 
 Bailey, Daniel Curry, and James Irwin were elected trus- 
 tees. On the meeting of the board, Jno. S. Bailey was cho- 
 sen president, and James Brockman appointed clerk. The 
 corporate limits were defined to commence a half mile east 
 of the centre of Main and Main Cross streets, on the road to 
 Rushville, thence north half a mile, thence west one mile,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 251 
 
 thence south one mile, thence east one mile, thence north 
 one-half mile to the place of beginning. As will be seen 
 the limits of the city have not been changed since its first 
 incorporation. 
 
 March 13, 1875, a special charter was obtained for the 
 purpose of incorporating under a city charter. The first 
 officers elected under this charter were : F. M. Rottger, 
 Mayor ; S. S. Brooks and James Nolan, Aldermen of First 
 ward ; J. M. Rea and Thomas S. Adams, Second ward ; 
 Ham Wash and George W. Curry, Third ward. J. J. 
 Teefey was elected City Attorney ; George C. Irvin, Treas- 
 urer ; E. C. Brockman, Clerk. The present officers are : 
 John J. McDannold, Mayor ; Aldermen, First ward, White 
 Washburn, Edward Banks ; Second ward, J. M. Rea, Alex. 
 Bailey ; Third ward, John Ward, Andrew Hoffmann ; City 
 Clerk, W. F. Taylor ; Treasurer, Isaiah Price ; City 
 Attorney, J. J. Teefey ; Marshall, Manlius T. Johnson ; 
 Police Magistrate, N. L. Sullivan ; Street Commissioner, J. 
 J. Nicholas ; City Sexton, Horace N. Bates. 
 
 MT. STERLING INDUSTRIES, MANUFACTURES, ETC. 
 
 ML Sterling Tile Works have been recently completed, 
 commencing operations the 18th of May, 1882. They are 
 situated west of Main Cross street, and south of the Wabash 
 railway. The building is a frame, one story, and in the 
 form of an L. The main part of which is 30x130 feet, and 
 the ell 30x40 feet. The cost of these works, including 
 ground, machinery, etc., is about 610,000. It is conducted 
 by a joint stock company with ample means to make it a 
 success. The capacity is 6,000 feet of tile per day, and 
 they give employment to twenty men. The annual value of 
 manufactured product is estimated at $30,000. A patent 
 crusher, and Tiffany's patent press is used in the works. 
 The Argillo Burner, down draft, is also one of the features 
 of the business. The machinery is driven by a twenty- 
 horse power engine. This is an industry that has long been 
 needed in this part of the county, and will undoubtedly 
 prove mutually beneficial to the manufacturers and the 
 people. 
 
 Pork House, Hersman & Curry, proprietors. This was 
 established iu the fall of 1866, by the firm or Glenn & Hig- 
 gins, who conducted the business about four years, when it 
 passed into the hands of O. M. Henry & Co. It again 
 changed hands about 1874, when the firm was known as 
 Glenn & Curry. The firm was again dissolved in 1877, 
 and Hersman bought out the interest of Glenn, and the 
 present co-partnership was established. The packing house 
 is situated a little east of Main Cross street, and south of the 
 railroad track. The building is a frame structure, two 
 stories high and a basement, tiOxlOO feet on the ground. 
 It has the capacity of packing 500 barrels of pork daily 
 and when in active operation employs forty men. The 
 capital invested for the building, ground, machinery, etc , 
 is about $13,000. It contains all the facilities for carrying 
 on a successful packing house. The product is mainly 
 shipped to the St. Louis market. 
 
 Eagle Flouring Mills are situated in the west part of the 
 town, and on the corporation line, adjoining Hurlburt's 
 
 addition to the City of Mt. Sterling. It is a frame building 
 35x50 feet in size and three stories high, and was built at a 
 cost of about $10,000, by George Kleinlein, in the year 
 1858-59. Its original capacity was forty barrels of flour, 
 and one hundred bushels of meal per day. It has since 
 been overhauled and improved, and one run of stone added 
 to its former capacity. The engine room is 15x40 feet, and 
 the engine is forty-horse power. The mill does both mer- 
 chant and custom work, the foreign shipments being made 
 principally to Baltimore and Philadelphia. Mr. F. Keyser 
 is the present proprietor of the industry, he having leased it 
 since 1872. 
 
 Farmers' Mills. — This industry was founded by R. H. 
 Ross in 1862, and was first built for a carding mill and 
 conducted exclusively as such until the summer of 1877, 
 when the building was remodeled and enlarged, and a 
 flouring mill attached. It is situated just east of the cor- 
 porate limits, and on the Rushville highway. As now 
 rebuilt, the building is a frame, two and one half stories 
 high, stone basement, and 24x40 feet on the ground. The 
 mill contains three run of stone, and has the capacity of 
 manufacturing fifty barrels of flour and 125 bushels 
 of meal in twenty-four hours. It is both a merchant and 
 custom mill, the principal shipping point being St. Louis. 
 The carding mill is the only one in this section of the 
 country, and its customers are scattered for many miles 
 around. It contains two sets of cards and a picker, and 
 has the capacity of working 200 pounds of wool daily. The 
 mills are driven by a thirty-five horse power engine, and 
 give employment to six men. 
 
 Wagon and Buggy Manufactory of A. Rioth is situated 
 on the south side of North street, and a little west of the 
 court-house. The business was commenced by the present 
 proprietor in the fall of 1858. The institution turns out 
 about thirty wagons, and twenty buggies annually, besides 
 manufacturing plows and doing general repairing, black- 
 smithing, etc- From five to eight men are kept in employ- 
 ment, and the yearly value of manufactured product will 
 approximate $10,000. 
 
 The Elevator of F. W. Rottger & Co. was built in the fall 
 of 1879, and is located at the Wabash depot and north of 
 the track. It is a frame building twenty feet in height, and 
 20x36 feet in size, and has the capacity of storing 10,000 
 bushels of grain. It is conveniently arranged with drive- 
 ways, etc., and is capable of loading a car in twenty min- 
 utes. 
 
 Marble Yard. — This was established by T. M. Wallace in 
 1868, and located on the south side of Main street twelve 
 doors west of Main Cross street. This is the only industry 
 of the kind iu the city. Three men are employed, and an 
 annual product of about $5,000 is manufactured. 
 
 Brick Yard, owned by Mrs. C. Simons, and situated on 
 Coal street, northeast of the court-house. It was established 
 in 1865 by George Simons. It contains one kiln, employs 
 four men and two boys when iu operation, and manufactures 
 between five and six hundred thousands bricks in the sea" 
 son. , 
 
 J. B. Glass, Banker. — This bank was organized in 1871,
 
 252 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHVYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and in 1876 the present line bank building was erected, 
 which is situated on the west side of Main Cross street, and 
 five doors south of the court-house. The bank contains a 
 fire proof vault, fire and burglar proof safe, and time lock. 
 It is conducted strictly upon business principles, and has 
 ample means of doing a safe banking business. 
 
 First National Bank of Mt. Sterling is situated on the 
 south side of Main street, oil lot number 50. It was char- 
 tered November 30, 1878, with a capital stock of $50,000, and 
 limited to $250,000. The vault is lined with boiler iron, 
 thus making it perfectly fire proof. The safe is both fire 
 and burglar proof, and has Herring & Co's. time lock. 
 With the exception of one year, the bank has paid a divi- 
 dend to the stockholders of 8 per cent, interest on capital 
 invested, and in 1881, 10 per cent, was declared, which 
 shows that bank stock is a good and safe investment. E. F- 
 Crane, president ; F. D. Crane, cashier. 
 
 Fruit and Vegetable Gardens of J. A. Givens are situated 
 in the northeastern part of the city, and contain about six 
 acres of ground. These gardens are arranged with hot-beds 
 and other conveniences peculiar to business. They yield a 
 product of about $1,200 every season. 
 
 Mt. Sterling Library Association was organized September 
 7th, 1881, with the following named persons for officers: F. 
 D.Crane, president; Frank Keyser, vice president; George 
 Thornhill, secretary ; C B. Turner, librarian ; and George 
 Turner, treasurer. The association operates upon the co- 
 operative plan, and the stock of literature is what is known 
 as the " People's Library," published by Harper Brothers. 
 At the time of organization there were fifty-four members* 
 and several have joined the association since. It launched 
 out with one hundred volumes, and has doubled its number 
 within the time. A matriculation fee of $2.00 is required to 
 become a member. The library is open at given hours on 
 Tuesday and Saturday of each week. 
 
 The School Building is an ornament to the town, and is 
 situated on the corner of Franklin and Main Cross streets. 
 It was completed early in the fall of 1865. In the summer 
 of 1873 it was remodeled and enlarged, and cost entire, in- 
 cluding furniture, etc , $12,000. It is a brick structure, two 
 stories high, and 25x37 feet on the ground, containing eight 
 room's, four on each floor. The school is well graded, and 
 employs seven teachers besides a principal. The maximum 
 attendance is 321 pupils, with an average daily attendance 
 of 229. Excellent walks from all parts of the city lead to 
 the school house. The play ground is ample, and surround- 
 ed by fine shade trees. 
 
 Mt. Sterling Cemetery is owned by the city, the ground 
 having been purchased by the trustees of the town iu the 
 spring of 1864, of Daniel Curry, for a sum of $126. In 
 April, 1874, about two and a half acres more were added to 
 the ground. It is situated within the corporate limits, and 
 is a part of the west half of the southwest quarter of sec 
 nine. The cemetery is well kept, and many fine monuments 
 are to be seen ; everything attesting that the friends who 
 have gone before are carefully cared for by the living. This 
 has been a place of burial for nearly half a century, the 
 first interment being made in 1833. Tradition says that a 
 
 woman by the name of Smith was the first buried here. 
 Nothing but a rough unlettered, sand-stone, marks the spot. 
 The second was a colored woman by the name of Vincen, 
 who was buried in the same year (1833). 
 
 Fry's Opera Hall deserves mention, as it is a better room 
 of the kind than is usually found in so small a town as Mt. 
 Sterling. It is situated in the second story of the brick 
 building on the southeast corner of Main and Main Cross 
 streets. The room is 40x75 feet in size, furnished with 
 chairs, and will seat 500 persons. The stage is eighteen feet 
 front and sixteen in depth, and is arranged with a trap and 
 four sets of scenery. The ceiling is frescoed, and all the 
 belongings are of a style that speaks well of the enterprise 
 of the builder. The city also contains two .hotels, six 
 churches, and three newspapers. The Tinnen House is 
 kept by Hugh Tinnen, and the Lambert Hotel by Mrs. M. 
 J. Lambert For the history of the churches and the press 
 see chapter specially devoted to the same. 
 
 MERCANTILE HOUSES AND TRADE. 
 
 Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots, Shoes, etc. — E. F. & F. D. 
 Crane, J. R- Curry, Turner & Eckert. 
 
 Dry Goods. — J. M. Kendrick & Son. 
 
 General Grocery Stores. — Givens & Cox, Perry McMil- 
 lan, A. Putman, W. R. Graves, Hense & Meyer, J. Craven 
 and Son. 
 
 Drugs, Hardware, Tinware, and Farming Implements. — 
 Irwin & O'Neil, R. Smith. 
 
 Drugs and Sundries. — John W. Bowers, George Thornhill, 
 S. A. McKenney. 
 
 Book Store and Notions. — R S. Fenn. 
 
 Clothing and Merchant Tailor. — Hiram Price. 
 
 Variety Store. — W. Brockman. 
 
 Clothing- — J. Frindlich. 
 
 Furniture and Undertaking. — Bailey & Robinson, J. P. 
 Amonett. 
 
 Boot and Shoe Stores. — Webber & Byrne, L. T. Barry. 
 
 Harness and Saddlery, — Charles Ritter, M. Connery, R. 
 Chapman. 
 
 Lumber Dealers. — Dunlap & Rottger, L. Herbster & Co. 
 
 Physicians — Geo. H Tebo, W. W. Bower, Lizzie White, 
 W. M. Cox S. H. McClung, A. Winger, J. C Rickey, Wil- 
 liam G. Gray, A. M. Shields, Jonathan Dearborn, C. N. 
 Irwin, W. H. K. King. 
 
 Millinery and Dress making. — Mrs. E. Masters, Miss N. 
 Smith, Mrs. A. Rothans. 
 
 Milliner. — Mrs. Lucy Robinson. 
 
 Dress Makers. — Mrs. Elliott, Ward Sisters. 
 
 Livery Stables. — R. B. Snodgrass, J. M. Rea, W. L. 
 Taylor. 
 
 Wagon Makers and Blacksmiths. — Hagel & Connor. 
 
 Meat Markets. — McEntee Brothers, Wm. Bagby. 
 
 Flour and Feed Store. — F. Keyser. 
 
 Merchant Tailor. — Valentine Young. 
 
 Shoemakers. — Henry Wetzell, John Nuttall, Jacob 
 Kunkler. 
 
 General Blacksmiths. — White Washburn, Smith Brothers. 
 
 Photographer. — W. P. Gaut.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 253 
 
 Jeweler. — A. Bailey. 
 
 Dentists. — J. M. Ash, Dr Fulton. 
 
 B'ikery and Restaurant — Perry McMillan. 
 
 Contractors and Builders. — E. Schonen, L. Herbster & 
 Co., House & Keyser, C. R Hicks. 
 
 Restaurants. — Mrs. L R. Marshall, Mrs. Lizzie Cumming, 
 Mrs. Nora Gannon. 
 
 Stock Dealers and Shippers. — J. V. Curry, T. S. Adams, 
 Wra. Bloomfield & Co., Hamilton Wash. 
 
 Tailor. — Joseph Dessert. 
 
 Painters and Glaziers. — I. N. Barlow, John Silverburg, 
 David Tompkins. 
 
 Barbers. — Elijah Washington, S. H. Lester, David Jen- 
 nings, J. P. Herckest. 
 
 Postmaster. — R. S. Fenn. 
 
 At this writing the town also contains four saloons, situ- 
 ated in various parts of the city. 
 
 SOCIETIES* 
 
 Hardin Lodge, No. 44, A. F. and A. M., was chartered by 
 the Grand Lodge of the state, October 5th, 1847, with Geo. 
 Adams, John Bigler, and Thomas S. Starr, as charter mem- 
 bers, all of whom are now dead. Mr. Bigler moved to Cali- 
 fornia in 1851, and afterwards became Governor of the 
 state. The present membership of the lodge is 101. Itmeets 
 at Masonic Hall on Saturday night, on or before the full of 
 the moon in each month. Its condition financially is good, 
 being free from debt, etc 
 
 Mt. Sterling Chapter, No. 137, R.A.M., was organized 
 U. D. June 14th, 1869, and received its charter October 8th, 
 of the same year. There were thirteen charter members. 
 The present membership is twenty-five. The financial condi- 
 tion of the society is good. It meets at Masonic Hall every 
 Tuesday eve, on or before the fujl of the moon. 
 
 Western Catholic Union. — St. Joseph's Branch, No. 5, was 
 chartered July 28th, 1879, with eleven members then con- 
 stituting the society. It has now increased to sixty-five 
 members. The whole number enrolled is sixty-eight. The 
 society meots the first Saturday and Tuesday, alternately, in 
 each month, at Herbster's block, on Main Cross Street. The 
 object of the order is benevolence, and the obtaining of life 
 insurance at a nominal cost. The society is in excellent 
 condition financially. 
 
 Unity Lodge, No. 310, I.O.O.F., was chartered June 21st, 
 1864, with the following as charter members : J. W. Ad- 
 gate, J. P. Bordenheimer, Jno. C. Hedenburg, Conrad Rit- 
 ter, C. R. Bovinger, and* Joshua Leeper, only one of whom 
 is now a resident of the county, Conrad Ritter. The first 
 members admitted were : A. A. Glenn, and C A. Wood, 
 July 11th, 1864. The total number that has been enrolled 
 is 119 ; deaths, 13; sick benefits paid out, $523; funeral 
 benefits, f 165 ; other expenses, $3 C 58 60. The finances of 
 the lodge at this time are in excellent condition. It is out 
 of debt, and has a surplus in the treasury. 
 
 *We are indebted to the secretaries of the various lodges for infor- 
 mation in reference to the same. 
 
 HERSMAN 
 
 Is a small station situated on the Wabash, St. Louis, and 
 Pacific railway, four miles southeast of Mount Sterling 
 The town contains some business, and a population of about 
 75 persons. It is an important shipping point for railroad 
 ties, pile timber and wood. About twelve thousand dollars 
 are paid out annually for this material. In time Hersman 
 will be a thriving little town, and will number her in- 
 habitants by the hundreds instead of the tens. It has a neat 
 little Presbyterian church and a school-house. The most 
 extensive business, is that of the Lillian flouring mills owned 
 and operated by Frank Hense. The mill is situated south 
 of the railroad track, and in the east part of the hamlet. 
 It was constructed in 1867, by George Hersman and George 
 Curry, at a cost of about $17,000; since which time im- 
 provements have been made to the extent of $3,000, making 
 the total cost about $20,000. In the spring of 1871, it came 
 into the hands of Mr. Hense, the present proprietor. The 
 building is a frame, three stories and basement, and 46 feet 
 square. The boiler and engine room is 20 x 35 feet. It 
 has three run of stone, and two sets of rolls, with a milling 
 capacity of manufacturing 100 barrels of flour in twenty- 
 four hours. It is both a merchant and exchange mill, the 
 main shipping points being Quincy and Baltimore. The 
 machinery is driven by an eighty-horse power engine. The 
 town also contains a corn mill and a corn crusher. The 
 former is located north of the railroad, and is owned by C 
 M. Fry. The latter is situated near the Lillian flouring 
 mills, and is the property of George Hersman. 
 
 Other business. — General store, J. Hersman & Co. ; wagon 
 maker and blacksmith, Frank Smith ; drug store, W. W. 
 Baxter ; cooper shop, J. Hersman & Co. ; physicians, W. 
 W. Baxter, D. W. Owens; postmaster, Philip Morris. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
 
 This society was originally called " Brown County Agri- 
 cultural Board," but in 1880, it merged into a stock com- 
 pany, and assumed the name as given above. The first fair 
 was held in the fall of 1857, in the court-house yard, and 
 the following year in the grove of Robert N. Curry, situated 
 a little northwest of the court-house. The first regular 
 organization was effected by a meeting held at the court- 
 house on the 11th of September, 1873, and was organized 
 according to the provisions of a general act of the Legis- 
 lature, approved April 15, 1871. Jacob Hersman was called 
 to the chair, and A. K L>wrey was chosen secretary of the 
 meeting. A vote was cast for officers of the board with the 
 following result : William T. Hersman, president; David 
 K. Wats tn. vice-president ; William L. Taylor, treasurer ; 
 A. K. Lowrey, recording secretary ; and Martin Brooks, 
 corresponding secretary. The directors chosen were, Henson 
 Vandeventer, John R. Means, A. A. Parke, James N. 
 Robison, and John George. Fifteen acres of ground, situated 
 in the northeast part of the corporation, had been selected 
 for the purpose of holding the fair, and it was at once fitted 
 up with the necessary conveniences for the same, and con- 
 tained a one third mile race track. The land cost $75 per
 
 254 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 acre, and is a part of the west half of-the southwest quarter 
 of section 9. The first fair held on these grounds commenced 
 the 23rd of October, 1873, and continued four days. In 
 1878, seven additional acres of ground were purchased, and 
 the track enlarged to one-half mile. The ground is now fitted 
 up complete with all the modern conveniences for conduct- 
 ing a successful county-fair. It contains a commodious 
 amphitheatre, floral hall, implement and grain room, judges' 
 stand, 196 stalls for stock, several box stalls, and is amply- 
 supplied with wells and shade trees for the convenience and 
 comfort of man and beast. As already stated, the society 
 merged into a joint stock company in 1880, with a capital 
 stock of $5,000, consisting of 500 shares at ten dollars per 
 
 share. The society is in good financial standing, ami 
 guarantees all premiums paid in full. The present officers 
 are, Chas. M. Dunlap, president ; S. D. Nokes, treasurer ; 
 George W. Curry, secretary. 
 
 We have thus summed up the history of the city of Mt. 
 Sterling and township, from the first blow struck within 
 their boundaries to the present time. It will not be difficult 
 for the reader, pioneer, or later citizen to see the progress 
 they have made. The country has the soil, the wealth and 
 the people to make greater developments within the next 
 half century than it has in the past The official census of 
 1880, records the township, exclusive of the city, as contain- 
 ing a population of 2,781 ; city, 1,448.
 
 BIOGRAP.I I'ICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 -J-«Sho •3*4- 
 
 ^y(tH>-(yyir '^^.^4^rr^_J 
 
 Robert N. Curry, one of the old and representative 
 citizens of Brown county, was born on the 12th of Feb- 
 ruary, 1802. The family is of Scotch descent. His grand- 
 father, Archibald Curry, was born in Scotland on the first 
 day of January, 1728. In the year 1757 he married Sarah 
 McDonald. On his emigration to America he settled in 
 Maryland, and at the close of the last century moved to 
 Kentucky ; he died in Scott county, Kentucky, on the 26th 
 of December, 1816. 
 
 Alexander Curry, the father of the subject of this sketch, 
 was the sixth of a family of nine children ; he was born in 
 Maryland on the 14th of October, 1770, and in the city of 
 Baltimore learned the trade of a carpenter. His marriage 
 to Elizabeth Nutter (who was born in the state of Dela- 
 ware, near Dover, on the 26th of August, 1776), occurred 
 on the 1st of August, 1799. In the year 1830 he moved 
 from Scott county, Kentucky, to Illinois, and settled in 
 what is now Brown, then Schuyler county. He was the 
 original proprietor of the town site of Mt. Sterling, having 
 entered in October, 1830, the land on which the town was 
 
 afterward built. He was at one time school commissioner 
 of Schuyler county ; for a number of years he filled the 
 office of justice of the peace, and was the first postmaster of 
 Mt. Sterling. He had united with the Presbyterian church 
 in Kentucky, and assisted in organizing the church of that 
 denomination at Mt. Sterling. The lot on which the Pres- 
 byterian church edifice now stands was his gift to the 
 society. He died on the twenty-eighth day of January, 
 1 842. The death of his wife occurred on the 8th of August, 
 1846. He was the father of nine children : Daniel, Robert 
 N, John, Olivia, Sally, Nancy, Leah, Mary and Harriet. 
 Daniel, Olivia, Sally and Nancy are dead ; the others re- 
 side in Brown county. Of the three daughters living, Leah 
 married "Jacob Vandeventer, for many years county clerk, 
 and afterwards county judge of Brown county ; Mary mar- 
 ried George R. Givens, and Harriet, William Taylor. 
 
 The birth- place of Robert N. Curry was within six miles 
 of Georgetown, in Scott county, Kentucky ; he was raised 
 on a farm. The schools of the neighborhood in which he 
 lived were as good as were usually found in old settled com- 
 
 255
 
 256 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 munities in the western states, and afforded Mr. Curry an 
 opportunity for obtaining a sound English education. At 
 the age of seventeen he began to learn the trade of windsor- 
 chair maker and painter, at which he worked mostly in 
 Georgetown, Kentucky ; he also followed this occupation 
 for a time at Richmond, Kentucky, and Indianapolis Indi- 
 ana. Convinced of the advantages of a settlement in a new 
 country where land would be cheaper, hi induced his father 
 to leave Kentucky. In the fall of -1829 he and his father 
 came to Illinois, with the view of selecting a good location. 
 It had been their intention to settle in the Sangamon country, 
 which had acquired a great reputation in Kentucky for the 
 advantages of its location and the fertility of its soil ; but 
 on reaching that part of the state, they fouud the best of 
 the land had been taken up and was held at a high price, 
 and so they determined to look further westward. After 
 leaving Sangamon and Morgan counties, they set out for the 
 Bear creek country in Adams county. Coming by the way 
 of Rushville, they failed to find a place to stop over night 
 till they reached Six's prairie, at eight or nine o'clock in 
 the evening. Here they found shelter in the log cabin of 
 William McDaniel, then the only building that marked the 
 site of the present town of Mt. Sterling. A' that time there 
 was no house between McDaniel's and Ripley. The next 
 morning the situation struck Mr. Curry's father so favor- 
 ably that he purchased McDaniel's improvement This was 
 in October, 1829. In the spring of 1830 the whole family 
 moved from Kentucky to Illinois. The next fall the land 
 came into market, and Mr. Curry and his father sent to 
 Kdwardsville, at that time the location of the land office, 
 and the latter entered land on the site of Mt. Sterling, to 
 the amount of six or eight hundred acres. 
 
 In the fall of 1831 Mr. Curry went back to Kentucky, 
 and on the 13th of October married Amanda M. Price, who 
 was born in Scott county, Kentucky, within a mile or two 
 of Mr. Curry's former home. Her parents, John Price and 
 Elizabeth Davis, were Virginians. He returned to Illinois 
 with his wife just before Christmas, 1831, and the next year 
 built the house which forms part of his present residence in 
 Mt. Sterling. The land on which his house stands he en- 
 tered in the spring of 1832. 
 
 The various public positions he has filled have occupied 
 much of his time, though part of his attention has been 
 given to farming. He owned a large part of the original 
 tract on which Mt. Sterling has been built, and has made 
 four additions to the town plat. He was elected to the office 
 of justice of the peace in August, 1835, while Brown county 
 was yet a part of Schuyler, and served altogether twenty- 
 five or thirty years as magistrate. A number of the first 
 marriages after the organization of the county are recorded 
 as performed by Mr. Curry. The post-office at Mt- Sterling 
 was established chiefly through the efforts of Mr. Curry's 
 father, who had charge of it till his death in January, 1842. 
 On his father's death Mr. Curry was appointed postmaster, 
 and held the office until the advent of the Democratic 
 administration of James K. Polk, in 1845 when he seut 
 in his resignation. When the Whigs again came into 
 power at Washington, he was the second time appointed ! 
 
 postmaster, and served as such till another change of ad- 
 ministration, when he again resigned. He has filled the 
 offices of both county and circuit clerk ; he was appointed 
 county clerk March, 1847, to fill a vacancy caused by the 
 removal from offiee of the regularly elected officer, and 
 served till a new clerk was elected by the people. He 
 acted as a circuit clerk in 1853; for several years he also 
 served as master in chancery. 
 
 He was one of the soldiers of the Black Hawk war, en- 
 listing in the spring of 1831 in a company raised in Schuy- 
 ler county, and commanded by Hart Fellows, serving 
 through the campaign of that year. In 1835 he raised a 
 company of Independent riflemen, of which he was captain. 
 This company was on duty at the hanging of the McFad- 
 dens at Rushville, in July, 1835. He afterward became a 
 major in command of a battalion of the Thirty-sixth Regi- 
 ment of Illinois Militia. 
 
 In his politics he was first a member of the Whig party, 
 and cast his first vote for President for Henry Clay, at the 
 presidential election of 1824. Mr. Curry was raised within 
 a distance of sixteen miles from the home of the great Ken- 
 tucky statesman and orator, aud at Georgetown and other 
 places heard him speak frequently previous to his removal 
 to Illinois. Since the war he has been a Republican. His 
 wife died on the 11th of February, 1857; he has had nine 
 children. Of these Mary Elizabeth, Laura Ann, John 
 Henderson, America Maria and Amanda Malvina are de- 
 ceased. Of those living, Julius Varien, George Washington 
 and Robert Thomas are citizens of Mt. Sterling. Emily 
 Jane, the only surviving daughter, is the wife of Robert S. 
 Hagens, of Muscatine, Iowa. 
 
 He became connected with the Presbyterian church in 
 1837, and since 1838 has filled the position of elder. For 
 half a century he has been a temperance man in faith and 
 practice, aud during that period has not tasted intoxicating 
 liquors, except on a physiciau's advice. After the organiza- 
 tion of Hardin Lodge, No. 44, Ancient Free and Accepted 
 Masons, he was one of the first persons initiated by the 
 new lodge, aud is now its oldest surviving member. Few 
 men are now living who made their homes in what is 
 now Brown county at a period so early as himself. He 
 retains a vigor of mind and a command of his intellectual 
 faculties remarkable for one who has attained the age of 
 four-score. He has been a man of liberal and progressive 
 ideas, and has done all in his power to advance the growth 
 and prosperity of Mt. Sterling, while as a business man and 
 a citizen, he has commanded the respect of the community 
 and the good opinion of his fellow men. 
 
 ELIAS F. CRANE, 
 
 • 
 
 The oldest merchant now ctrryiug on business at Mt. 
 Sterling. Elias F. Crane was born in New York city on the 
 first of October, 1819. Three brothers of the name of Crane, 
 to escape religious persecution in England during the reign 
 of Charles II, came to America aud sett'ed in Connecticut 
 One of these brothers removed to Elizabeth, New Jersey,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 257 
 
 where his descendants have since lived for several genera- 
 tions. Andrew Crane, grandfather of the subject of this 
 biography, was the owner of a mill on the Elizabeth river 
 adjoining the town of that name, Drake Crane, his father 
 was born and raised in Elizabeth, and married Elizabeth 
 Woodruff, daughter of Seth Woodruff who resided on a farm 
 between Elizabeth and Newark and who during the war of 
 the Revolution was taken prisoner by the British and con- 
 fined in the old Sugar House prison in New York city. 
 Drake Crane, during the war of 1812-14, was a member of 
 a Isevt York artillery regiment, and took part in some of 
 the campaigns. 
 
 E F. Crane was the youngest of five children of whom 
 three grew to maturity. His early life was spent in New 
 York city. His father died when he was fourteen years of 
 age. The public schools gave him a good opportunity for 
 obtaining an education, but at fourteen he entered into the 
 mercantile business which he has since followed without in- 
 terruption. For seven years he was in the importing house 
 of John Rankin, first serving as a clerk and afterward as 
 book-keeper. In 1840, when twenty-one (21 J years of age, 
 he began business for himself as a retail dealer in dry goods 
 in New York city. Part of his capital he had saved from 
 his wages as clerk. In April, 1842, he married Catharine 
 B. Priest, daughter of F. D. Priest, a resident of Philadel- 
 phia. He continued in business in New York till August 
 1843. Thinking the west offered better opportunities for 
 business enterprises, he then removed to Logansport, Indiana, 
 where he opened a general store. Logansport at that time 
 was just beginning a rapid growth by reason of the opening 
 of the Wabash canal. When he made arrangments to go 
 into business there were only four stores in the place. Two 
 months afterward the number had reached twelve, and the 
 mercantile business thenceforward increased so rapidly and 
 competition became so great, that in the spring of 1844, he 
 changed his location to New Albany, taking his stock of 
 goods by canal to the Wabash and thence down that river 
 and up the Ohio. New Albany at that time was a thriving 
 place of about ten thousand inhabitants- He established a 
 store in that town and also one at Bloomfield on the White 
 river, one hundred miles north. A Mr. Johnson was his 
 partner. He spent the winter of 1845-46 at Bloomfield, 
 and there constructed two flat boats, in one of which, in the 
 spring of 1846 he floated down the Ohio and Mississippi to 
 New Orleans and there disposed of a boat load of produce. 
 On his return his business connection with Mr. Johnson was 
 dissolved, and he assumed entire charge of the store at New 
 Albany, which he carried on till the close of the year 1846. 
 One of the pioneer merchants of Mt. Sterling, R. H. 
 Hurlburt, then resided at New Albany though he still re- 
 tained an interest in his Mt. Sterling store. Mr. Crane 
 made his acquaintance, and from him gained some know- 
 ledge of the advantages of this part of Illinois as a place for 
 business. Having determined to leave New Albany he re- 
 solved to come to Mt. Sterling. At that time he knew not 
 a single person in Brown county. He brought with him 
 his stock of goods, journeying by steamer down the Ohio and 
 up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers to LaGrarge. Mt. Ster- 
 
 ling then had a population of about eight hundred. Mails 
 were slow and the letter in which he notified his wife, then 
 in New York, of his arrival, was a month in reaching its 
 destination. He rented a vacant building adjoining the 
 present Masonic hall, and on the twenty-first (21) of Decem- 
 ber, 1846, made his first sale of goods. He afterward rented 
 a frame building on Main street in which for some years he 
 carried on business. This in 1863, gave place to the 
 present spacious brick structure in which business is now con- 
 ducted by the firm of E. F. and F. D. Crane. The latter, 
 his son, for a time carried on the mercantile business on his 
 own account, but the stores have been consolidated and the 
 present partnership formed. It may be remarked that the 
 other dry goods stores in Mt. Sterling are now carried on by 
 persons who served clerkships and learned the business in 
 either the store of Mr. Crane or that of his son. 
 
 He has also made mercantile ventures at other places. 
 He was a partner in the first store started at Hersman sta- 
 tion, and has had branch stores at Cooperstown, Mason City 
 and Delavan. In 1861 he furnished the capital with which 
 a store, under the charge of Mr. Q. Burgesser, was opened at 
 Clayton. He now has stores at Versailles, Mound station, and 
 at Greenview in Menard county. The first National Bank 
 of Mt. Sterling, the only national bank that ever existed in 
 Brown county, was established in 1878 with Mr. Crane as 
 president, and his son, F. D. Crane, as cashier. A considera- 
 ble part of the capital was furnished by him and his son. 
 In 1872 he made a six months' tour of the countries on the 
 other side of the Atlantic. The principal places were vis- 
 ited in France, Italy, England, Scotland, and Ireland, and 
 some time spent in Egypt, Palestine and Turkey. 
 
 In his political views he was first a Whig, and since the 
 dissolution of the Whig party has been a Republican. His 
 time has been closely devoted to his business and he has never 
 held public office. For many years he has been a member 
 of the Presbyterian church. He has been an active sup- 
 porter of religious and moral movements and a liberal con- 
 tributor to the erection of church buildings and various 
 charitable and religious enterprises. His success in life, and 
 his present vigorous health, he believes he partly owes to his 
 temperate habits and abstinence from the use of tobacco and 
 intoxicating liquors. Of his two children David, who for 
 some time was in business with his father, died in 1870 at 
 the age of twenty-six. 
 
 GEORGE W. CURRY 
 
 Was born at Mt. Sterling on the 23d day of April, 1827. 
 His father, Robert N. Curry, was one of the earliest settlers 
 on the site of Mt. Sterling ; his mother, Amanda Price, was 
 a native of Scott county, Kentucky ; he was educated in the 
 public schools of Mt. Sterling. In 1859 he was one of the 
 number who went to Pike's Peak, Colorado, attracted by 
 the news of the discovery of gold in that locaiity ; he also 
 spent the summer of 1860 in the same region. 
 
 October 28, 1861, he enlisted in company K, Tenth Illi- 
 nois Cavalry, for service in the war of the rebellion ; he was 
 commissioned as second lieutenant. After leaving Spring-
 
 258 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 field the regiment spent some time at Quincy and St. Louis, 
 and reached Rolla, Missouri, in April, 1862, marching thence 
 to southwest Missouri. In July, 1862, a battalion of four 
 companies, of which Capt. Curry's was one, joined the force 
 commanded by Gen. Samuel Curtis, at Jacksonport, Ark., 
 and shortly afterward the men had their first considerable 
 engagement with the enemy at the battle of Cache river. 
 August, 1862, to April, 1863, he was stationed at Helena, 
 Arkansas, from which frequent expeditions were made, two 
 of which extended across the state of Mississippi, and all of 
 them being accompanied by considerable fighting. May, 
 1863, his company joined the force under Gen. Grant, be- 
 sieging Vicksburg, and was stationed at Milliken's Bend. 
 In the fight at the latter place Capt. Curry took part, as he 
 did also in the two fights at Richmond, Louisiana. After 
 the surrender of Vicksburg the regiment was again reunited 
 near Helena, Arkansas, and took part in the campaign which 
 resulted in the capture of Little Rock ; he had received a 
 commission as first lieutenant in June, 1863. 
 
 The following December he re-enlisted as a veteran, as 
 did almost the entire regiment, and was given ihirty days 
 furlough and returned home; his regiment again took the 
 field in February, 1864, at Nashville, Tennessee, but the 
 next month went to Little Rock, Arkansas, which was their 
 base of operations till September of the same year. During 
 this time they were constantly engaged in expeditions, and 
 frequently came in conflict with the rebel cavalry forces 
 under Marraaduke and Shelby. The winter of 1864-65 
 was spent at Brownsville, Arkansas, and while there the 
 regiment was reorganized, and Capt. Curry assumed com- 
 mand of company D, mainly composed of the same men as the 
 former company K, in which he had originally enlisted ; his 
 commission as captain dated from the 3d of June, 1864. 
 March, 1865, the regiment was sent to New Orleans, and 
 remained there until the following June. While at New 
 Orleans the news of the assassination of President Lincoln 
 reached the city, and the presence of the Tenth Illinois 
 cavalry, which patrolled the streets, quelled the riotous dis- 
 turbances, stopped the assassination of the negroes, and in 
 the opinion of the commanding general, saved the city from 
 destruction. On the 5th day of May, 1865, Capt. Curry 
 accomplished the destruction of the rebel ram "Webb," 
 which had come out of Red river, run the blockade at New 
 Orleans, and was seeking to escape into the Gulf of Mexico. 
 When the ram passed the city Capt. Curry was sent in pur- 
 suit with his own company and company G. The ram had 
 been blown up, and the crew were overtaken in a swamp, 
 thirty miles down the Mississippi. They surrendered, and 
 Capt. Curry had the honor of escorting back to New Orleans 
 about the last rebel prisoners taken during the war. June, 
 1865, the regimentwas sent to Shreveport, Louisiana, thence 
 to Marshall, Texas, and thence to San Antonia. At the last 
 place he was mustered out on the 22d day of November, 
 1865. He was honorably discharged at Springfield, in this 
 state, on the 6th of January, 1 866. 
 
 He then returned to Mt. Sterling, and in partnership with 
 George Hersman, engaged in the lumber business. He and 
 Mr. Hersman, in 1868 built the flouring mill at Hersman. 
 
 In 1869 he went to Chetopa, Labette county, Kansas, where 
 for two years he carried on the mercantile business. Jan- 
 uary 3d, 1870, he married Irene Summers of Louisiana, 
 Missouri. In 1871 he returned to Mt. Sterling, of which 
 place he has since been a resident. Since the war he has 
 been a Republican. In 1876 he was a candidate for the 
 office of county clerk in opposition to the regular Dem- 
 ocratic nominee, and came within seventeen votes of being 
 elected, although the Democratic presidential ticket was 
 carried in the county at the same election by about six hun- 
 dred majority. He has two children, George S. and Ruby. 
 
 THOMAS JONES. 
 
 Within four miles of Hereford, the county town of Here- 
 fordshire, England, was born Thomas Jones, on the 7th of 
 October, 1824. He was the second of five children of John 
 and Lydia Jones. His mother's name, before marriage, was 
 Trull. He was brought up near Hereford, doing farm labor 
 in his boyhood till he was seventeen years old, when he began 
 to learn the trade of a carpenter, at which he served an ap- 
 prenticeship of four years. He was employed at this occu- 
 pation during the remainder of his stay in England. On 
 the 12th of March, 1850, he. was united in marriage to Jane 
 Preece, and on the 25th of the same month sailed for the 
 United States. Landing at New York, he went first to 
 Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, and was there engaged in 
 work at his trade till April, 1851, when he came to the 
 west, and settled at Mt. Sterling. In 1856 he purchased 
 his present farm, situated in sections eleven, twelve, thir- 
 teen, and' fourteen of township one south, range three west. 
 He moved on this farm on the 1st of March, 1858, and has 
 since carried on farming ; though up to 1871 he was also 
 employed, at intervals, at his trade of a carpenter. On the 
 27th of March, 1871, occurred the death of his first wife. 
 He was married again on the 15th of November, 1877, to 
 Nancy Minerva Gillenwaters, who was born in the neigh- 
 boring county of Schuyler. He has eleven children living, 
 eight by his first, and three by his second marriage. They 
 are as follows : America Jane, wife of Henry Bartlett ; 
 Elmira Ann, Henry Clay, Walter Witty, Thomas Preece, 
 Orville Aaron, Susan Witty, Lilly May, Robert Wilkins, 
 John Phipps, and Margaret Minerva. The last three are 
 by his present marriage. 
 
 He is one of the large farmers of Mt. Sterling township, 
 and owns three hundred and sixty acres of land. His in- 
 dustry and energy have brought him to a position where he 
 is independent in circumstances, as far as this world's goods 
 are concerned. He was originally a Whig in politics, and 
 afterwards became a member of the Democratic party, to 
 which he is now attached. He is liberal and independent 
 in his views, and believes in the election of competent and 
 desirable men to local offices, without regard to politics. In 
 1870, and again in 1871, he represented Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship on the board of supervisors. The present court-house 
 at Mt. Sterling is the work of Mr. Jones as a builder. He 
 took the contract in the fall of the year 1866, and com-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES,, ILLINOIS. 
 
 259 
 
 pleted the structure the next year, furnishing a building 
 which entirely met the expectations of the people of the 
 county, and gave satisfaction to the building committee which 
 had charge of its construction. He is well known as a citi- 
 zen, and many buildings throughout the county stand as 
 a monument of his skill and industry as an architect and 
 builder. He came tc this country eight dollars in debt, and 
 his career affords a good example of a self-made man who 
 has succeeded in life by means of his own energy. He can 
 look with satisfaction at what he has accomplished as the 
 result of his own labor. 
 
 PHILIP A. HOWES 
 Was born in Ashfield, Franklin county, Massachusetts, June 
 11th, 1804. The Howes family came from the old Pu- 
 ritan stock. His grandfather, Thomas Howes, was a fisher- 
 man of Cape Cod. The subject of this sketch was the sev- 
 enth of a family of nine children of Joseph and Lois 
 (Shurtleff) Howes. When an infant his father removed 
 with the family to Charlemont, and afterward at the com- 
 mencement of the war of 1812-14, to Blackstone, Massachu- 
 setts. At the latter place he worked two years in a cotton 
 factory, and subsequently one year at Northbridge. The 
 family then returned to the farm at Charlemont. His ser- 
 vice in the cotton factory interrupted his attendance at school, 
 and he had only ordinary advantages for obtaining an edu- 
 cation. In 1820 the family moved to what was then Lewis, 
 now Upshur county, West Virginia. Here Mr. Howes 
 worked on a farm, and likewise as a millwright, and at other 
 mechanical occupations. 
 
 In the fall of 1830 he came to Illinois with the families of 
 Oliver Howes, William J. Davis, David Bush and Ezra 
 Ward. These families settled in what is now Lee township, 
 Brown county. In June, 1831, he enlisted in Capt. Peter 
 C Vance's company, and served during the campaign of that 
 year in the Black Hawk war. On his return he began work 
 at the carpenter's trade at Rushville. August 1st, 1833, he 
 married Jane McCormick, a native of Fayette county, Penn- 
 sylvania. In the fall of 1835, he moved to the farm in Mt. 
 Sterling township, on which he has now lived forty-seven 
 years. During the fall seasons he had formerly worked at 
 the carpenter's trade, and many of the buildings of the 
 neighborhood are the work of his hands. His farm consists 
 of three hundred acres of land. He has three children liv- 
 ing, Ann, Charles and Harrison. His youngest son, Francis, 
 enlisted in the 119th regiment, Illinois Volunteers, during 
 the war of the rebellion, and died at Memphis, Tennessee, 
 June, 1863. 
 
 He was first a Whig in politics, and voted for the candi- 
 dates of that organization up to the formation of the Re- 
 publican party. He was one of the original Republicans of 
 Brown county, and presided over the public meeting held at 
 Mt. Sterling at which a Republican organization in the 
 county was first effected. In West Virginia he was a mem- 
 ber of the old Christian church. He became connected with 
 the Christian church in this county and was made an elder. 
 On the 23rd day of July, 1876, occurred the death of 
 his wife. 
 
 JOHN J. TEEFEY. 
 
 Newport, Tipperary county, Ireland, was the birthplace 
 of Mr. Teefey, and he first saw the light of day on the 
 11th of May, 1849. In the spring of 1850, his father, 
 John Teefey, came with the family to America, and the fol- 
 lowing October settled in Brown county. Mr. Teefey was 
 raised on a farm four miles northwest of Mt. Sterling. In 
 1872, he began the study of law in Mt. Sterling. In 1874, 
 he pursued a course of study in the law department of the 
 Iowa State University. In September of that year, he was 
 admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of Illinois, and 
 at once began practice at Mt. Sterling. He was married 
 on the 22d of May, 1877, to Mary E. Kennedy, who 
 was born at Quincy, in Adams county, but was a resident 
 of Brown county at the time of her maruagc. He has two 
 children, Bessie and Nellie. In his political opinions he is 
 a Democrat, and is one of the active supporters of the Dem- 
 ocratic party in Brown county. His personal characteristics 
 have placed him on good terms with the people, and he has 
 been elected to several positions of trust and honor. From 
 April, 1875, he has filled the office of city attorney of Mt. 
 Sterling, having been reelected in 1877, 1879, and 1881. 
 He was elected State's attorney, November, 1875, to fill a 
 vacancy, and was re-elected in 1876 and 1880, and is the 
 present incumbent of that office. He represented Mt. Ster- 
 ling township on the board of supervisors in 1881 and 1882, 
 and the latter year was made chairman of the board. 
 
 WILLIAM W. BAXTER, M. D. 
 
 Dr. William W. Baxter, who has been engaged in the 
 practice of medicine in Brown county, since 1869, was born 
 in Boston, Massachusetts, on the 1st of September, 1840. His 
 father, William B. Baxter, a native of Hillsborough, New 
 Hampshire, belonged to the old Puritan stock which settled 
 New England. His paternal grandfather was a soldier in 
 the war of the Revolution. His mother, whose maiden name 
 was Judith Mears, died when he was only four weeks old. 
 He was brought up from this tender age, by his grand- 
 parents on his mother's side, who were residents of Danville, 
 Caledonia county, Vermont. There Dr. Baxter spent his 
 boyhood days. The academies of Peacham, Derby, St. 
 Johnsbury and Danville, gave him excellent opportunities 
 for obtaining an education. At the age of fifteen, he began 
 teaching school in Wheelock, an adjoining town to Danville. 
 He taught four years in succession in the same district. He 
 taught school eighteen terms, and during the last three years 
 of his service as a teacher, he was superintendent of the 
 schools of Wheelock. 
 
 He had acquired some knowledge of medicine in Vermont, 
 and in 1867 came west, and pursued its further study with 
 Dr. Moses Wilson, at Griggsville, Pike county. He en- 
 tered the Bellevue Medical College, of New York city, in 
 the fall of 1868, and there attended lectures. May, 1869, 
 he began the practice of his profession at Hersman. Dur- 
 ing the winter of 1870-1871, he attended lectures at the
 
 260 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Rush Medical College, Chicago, and received his degree of 
 M. D. from that institution in the spring of 1871. He has 
 since been occupied with the duties of his profession, at 
 Hersman. January, 1872, he married Ella Hersman, 
 daughter of Michael Hersman, one of the early residents of 
 Browu county. His three children are : Freddie W., 
 Mabel E. and Bertha J. In his political opinions, he has 
 always been a Democrat. In 1877, he was elected a justice 
 of the peace, and is now serving his second term in that 
 position. He is a member of Hardin Masonic Lodge, No. 
 44, at Mt. Sterling. 
 
 FRANK ORR. 
 
 Frank Orr, the present circuit clerk of Brown county, is 
 a native of Ohio, fmd was born in Harrison county of that 
 State, on the 8th of September, 1852. His father was 
 named John Orr. The maiden name of his mother was Ary 
 Moore. The subject of this sketch was the youngest of ten 
 children. In 1853, when Mr. Orr was less than a year old, 
 the family removed from Ohio to Pike county, in this State, 
 and settled on a farm in the northern part of that county. 
 There he grew up to manhood, obtaining a good education 
 in the common schools of that part of Pike county in which 
 he lived. He became a resident of Brown county in 1874, 
 at which time he settled in Buckhorn township. In his 
 politics he had always been a Democrat, and in 1880 the 
 Democrats of Brown county made him their candidate for 
 the office of circuit clerk. To this position he was elected, 
 and its duties he has discharged in a creditable and satisfac- 
 tory manner. He was married in 1873 to Sarah Rulon, of 
 Brown county, who died in 1875. As a public official, his 
 courteous and agreeable manners and attention to business 
 have given him a deservedly high place in the estimation of 
 the people of the country. 
 
 EUGENE C. BROCKMAN. 
 
 Eugene C. Brockman, editor of the Illtnois Weekly 
 Message, was born in Brown county, on the 27th of 
 April, 1851. His father, James Brockman, was a Ken- 
 tuckian. He came to Brown county, then a part of Schuy- 
 ler, in the spring of 1835. In 1836, he married Sophia 
 Price. After her death, he married as his second wife, Mary 
 Burton, a native of Adair county, Kentucky. The first 
 year after the organization of Brown county, James Brock- 
 man was appointed clerk of the circuit court, a position 
 which he filled until his death, in 1853. He was a fine pen- 
 man, a man of superior business abilities, and filled the office 
 of circuit clerk with great satisfaction to the people of the 
 county. He had six children, three by his first and three 
 by his second marriage. Of these, three are now living : 
 Washington and Eugene C, residents of Mt. Sterling, and 
 James, now living at Cameron, Missouri. 
 
 The youngest of the children, Eugene, was brought up at 
 Mt. Sterling. In May, 1863, when twelve years of age, he 
 
 began learning the printing business, in the office of the 
 Record, then published by J.he Brooks brothers. In 1864, 
 he became clerk in the store of his uncle, Joseph Burton, in 
 Macomb. In 1865, he returned to Mt. Sterling and resumed 
 work at the printing business. During a few months in 
 1866, he was clerk in a store at Mt. Sterling, and then went 
 back to the printing business, though subsequently, in 1870 
 and 1871, he was employed in a store at Mt. Sterling 
 eighteen months. During the summer of 1871, he was in a 
 printing office at Chetopa, Kansas, returning to Illinois in 
 the fall of that year and finding employment in the Herald 
 office, at Quincy. January, 1872, in company with Henry 
 A. Glenn, on small capital, he established the Illinois 
 Weekly Message, at Mt. Sterling. For a few months the 
 paper was printed in Quincy, where Mr. Brockman was still 
 employed. A complete newspaper outfit was purchased in 
 June, 1872, and the paper placed on a firm and substantial 
 basis. Mr. Glenn's interest was subsequently purchased by 
 Martin Brooks, but since January, 1876, Mr. Brockman has 
 been sole proprietor of the paper. It has been published 
 with success, and is edited in the interests of the Democratic 
 party, to whose principles Mr. Brockman .has always been 
 ardently attached. 
 
 He was city clerk of Mt. Sterling in 1875, 1876, 1877 and 
 1878, and was the first to fill that office after the adoption 
 of a city charter. In 1878, 1879 and 1880, he acted as 
 clerk of Mt. Sterling township. He served as mayor of 
 Mt. Sterling in 1879 and 1880. He was married in October, 
 1875, to Bertha S. Littlefield, who, like himself, is a native 
 of Mt. Sterling. Edna N., Sada I. and Leon L., are the 
 names of his three children. 
 
 GEORGE H. TEBO, M. D. 
 
 Dr. George H. Tebo was born at Greensburg, Indiana, 
 July 1st, 1838. His ancestors, on his father's side, were of 
 French descent. His grandfather emigrated from France 
 to America, and settled in the vicinity of Wheeling, West 
 Virginia. The family name was originally spelled Thibo- 
 daux, and was thus written by Dr. Tebo's grandfather, but 
 subsequently in Kentucky it became corrupted to its present 
 form. George Tebo, father of the subject of this sketch, was 
 born at Wheeling in the year 1809. He went to Kentucky 
 in 1827 or 1828, and there shortly afterward married Nancy 
 G. Brockman, sister of James Brockman, who, in the early 
 history of Brown county, for many years, filled the office of 
 circuit clerk. A couple of years after his marriage he 
 moved to Decatur county, Indiana, where he resided till the 
 winter of 1838-1839, when he became a resident of Br u wn 
 county. He died on his farm, five miles east of Mt. Ster- 
 ling, in 1877. 
 
 Dr. Tebo was the third of eleven children, of whom six 
 are now living. He was six months old when the family 
 moved to this county. His boyhood days were spent on a 
 farm five miles east of Mt. Sterling. The first school he 
 attended was in a log cabin with puncheon floor and split 
 log benches. He began the study of medicine in 1860 with
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 261 
 
 Dr. James N. Allen, of Mt. Sterling. After spending three 
 years under his instruction, he entered Rush Medical College 
 at Chicago in the fall of 1863. During the spring of 1864, 
 he spent three months as assistant in a government hospital 
 at Quincy, the war of the rebellion then being in progress, 
 and many wounded and disabled soldiers being sent there 
 for treatment. He began practice for himself at Coopers- 
 town in the summer of 1864. He attended lectures at Rush 
 Medical College during the winter of 1871-1872, and after 
 his graduation in the spring of 1872 established himself in 
 the practice of his profession at Mt. Sterling. July, 1864, 
 he married Mary E. Glenn, daughter of Robert Glenn, one 
 of the early settlers of Brown county. Of the three children 
 by this marriage, one daughter, Anna, is living. His time 
 has been occupied with the duties of his profession, and he 
 has taken no active part in politics, though in principle he 
 is an earnest and sincere Republican. 
 
 GEORGE VV. MEANS. 
 
 The grandfather of Mr. Means, George Means, was born 
 in Pennsylvania, and served as a soldier in the war of the 
 Revolution. He married Elizabeth Elton, and in 1798 
 moved to Kentucky, where he died in 1833. Of his nine 
 children, Robert Means, father of the subject of this biogra- 
 phy, was the oldest. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1796, 
 was raised in Lewis county, Kentucky, and in 1831 married 
 Harriet Debell, a native of Fleming county, Kentucky. In 
 1858, he moved to Tazewell county, Illinois, and at the close 
 of the same year settled in Brown county, two miles west of 
 Mt. Sterling, where he died in 1861. He had been an officer 
 in the militia organization in Kentucky, and was known by 
 the title of " major." He also acted as a magistrate be- 
 fore coming to this State. He was connected with the 
 Presbyterian church. He was a warm-hearted man, honor- 
 able in his business transactions, and a good citizen. 
 
 George W. Means was born in Lewis county, Kentucky, 
 on the 8th of August, 1834. He was twenty-four years 
 of age when he came to Brown county- August, 1862, he 
 enlisted in company E, One Hundred and Nineteenth regi- 
 ment, Illinois Volunteers. He was orderly sergeant of his 
 company, and at the close of the war was commissioned as 
 second lieutenant'. He was with his regiment in its various 
 movements, and took part in the siege of Fort Derussy, the 
 battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, and the battle at Nash- 
 ville, Tennessee, in December, 1864. From January to 
 April, 1865, he was under treatment in the hospital at 
 Memphis. He was mustered out at Mobile, August, 1865, 
 and was discharged at Springfield on the ninth of September. 
 
 He returned to Brown county, November 6th, 1866. He 
 married Remetha, daughter of Jacob Hersman. In 1871, 
 he moved to his present farm in section twenty-seven (27) of 
 Mt. Sterling township. He has five children, Robert A., 
 Harriet H., Florence May, Henry, and Jacob H. He is a 
 Republican in politics. Beside general farming, he has paid 
 attention to the raising of a superior grade of horses for gen- 
 eral purposes, and is the owner of Kentucky Boy, a horse 
 which has been exhibited at fairs in various parts of the 
 
 State for three years, and who has always succeeded in bear- 
 ing off the first premium. 
 
 ALEX. K. LOWRY, 
 
 Who began the practice of law at Mt. Sterling in 1861, was 
 born in Armstrong county, Pennsylvania; on the 7th of 
 November, 1829. His ancestors were of Scotch-Irish stock, 
 and emigrated to this country from the North of Ireland. 
 His grandfather, Adam Lowry, was born in county Derry, 
 Ireland, and came to America about the year 1785. He 
 settled in the Cumberland Valley, near Chambersburg, 
 Franklin county, Pennsylvania. In that part of Pennsyl- 
 vania, Joseph Lowry, the father of the subject of this sketch, 
 was born in the year 1787. About the year 1812 the family 
 removed to Armstrong county, in western Pennsylvania, 
 then a wild and unsettled region of country. Here Joseph 
 Lowry married Elizabeth Kerr, and afterward lived in that 
 part of Pennsylvania till his death in 1853. 
 
 The subject of this biography was the eighth of a family 
 of twelve children. He was raised on a farm in Armstrong 
 county. The common schools of the neighborhood fur- 
 nished the means for obtaining an education. In January, 
 1855 he married Sarah E. McCartney, of Armstrong county, 
 Pa , and the following April removed to the West. With 
 the exception of six months, during which he lived in Ne- 
 braska, he resided at Griunell, Iowa, from 1855 to 1858. 
 He began the study of law in 1857, and in October, 1858, 
 in Poweshiek county, Iowa, was admitted to the bar. Im- 
 mediately afterward he came to Illinois, and in February, 
 1859, began the practice of his profession at Macomb. In 
 June, 1861, he became a resident of Mt. Sterling. January, 
 1864, he removed to California, and resided at Marysville, 
 in that state, till May, 1867, when he returned to Mt. Ster- 
 ling and resumed the practice of law, in which he has since 
 been actively engaged. 
 
 In his politics he was first a member of the Democratic 
 party, with which he acted up to a period subsequent to the 
 war, when he became a Republican. He was the first post- 
 master at Grinnell, Iowa, holding the appointment under 
 Buchanan's administration. In 1861 he served as school 
 commissioner of Brown county, and in 1863 as county treas- 
 urer. He was the United States Internal Revenue Collector 
 for Brown county during part of the years 1867 and 1868. 
 He became a member of Hardin Masonic Lodge, No. 44,.at 
 Mt. Sterling, in 1862, and either by election or appointment 
 had filled every office in the lodge with the exception of 
 two. He is an active member of the Presbyterian Church, 
 of which he has been treasurer since 1 870. For a number 
 of years he has been assistant superintendent of the Sunday- 
 school connected with the church. The death of his first 
 wife took place in November, 1870. His second marriage 
 occurred in March, 1872, to Martha J. Means, daughter of 
 Major John Means, one of the pioneer settlers of Brown 
 county. He has two children by the first marriage, Clara B., 
 and Mattie E., both living. His name is given a place in 
 this work as one of the representative members of the bar of 
 Brown county. *
 
 ■262 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 George N. Henry, who, in November, 1877, was elected 
 county clerk of Brown county, is a native of Cooperstown 
 township. His father, Orris M. Henry, and his mother, 
 whose name before marriage was Eliza Emerick, were among 
 the early residents of the eastern part of the county. He 
 was raised in Cooperstown township, and obtained his edu- 
 
 cation in the schools of Brown county. He had always been 
 a Republican in politics, and in 1877 became a candidate for 
 the office of county clerk in opposition to the regular Demo- 
 cratic nominee. He was elected by a liberal majority, and 
 has made an efficient public officer.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 263 
 
 JACOB HERSMAN. 
 
 Bourbon county, Kentucky, in the heart of the Blue Grass 
 region, was the birthplace of Jacob Hersman, one of the old 
 residents of Mt. Sterling township. He is descended from 
 a family of German origin. His grandfather, George Hers- 
 man, was born in Germany, emigrated to Kentucky, first 
 lived in Virginia, and afterward became one of the early 
 settlers of Kentucky. His father, Henry Hersman, was 
 born in Virginia, and was ten years old at the time the 
 family settled in Kentucky. He was raised in Bourbon 
 county, and married Elizabeth Fry, who was born in Ken- 
 tucky. From Harrison county, Kentucky, he moved to 
 Brown county, Illinois, in 183-4. He died in 1878 at the 
 advanced age of ninety-three. 
 
 Jacob Hersman was born on the 11th of August, 1811. 
 When he was two years old, his father moved with the 
 family from Bourbon to Harrison county, Kentucky, and 
 there he grew up to manhood. The schools of the vicinity 
 in which he lived were of a very ordinary character, and he 
 had meagre advantages for securing an education. These 
 advantages he improved, however, as best he could, thus 
 acquiring an education which well fitted him for the trans- 
 action of the business affairs of life. June, 1832, he married 
 Sarah Ann Craig, of Harrison county, Kentucky. In 1834, 
 he came to Brown county, Illinois. At that time he had 
 but little means. His ready money amounted to one hundred 
 and fifty dollars. He purchased eighty acres of land in sec- 
 tion twenty-seven, of township one south, range three west 
 for which he went in debt, paying twenty per cent, interest 
 on the money. He was industrious and energetic, paid off 
 his indebtedness, and purchased more land, till he became 
 the owner of three hundred and twenty acres. On the build- 
 ing of the railroad through the county a station was estab- 
 lished near his residence, called " Hersman," from which a 
 thriving little town has grown. He erected a store building 
 at that place, in which, after renting it some years to other 
 parties, in 1876 he started a mercantile business of his own, 
 which is now carried on under the name of J. Hersman 
 &Co. 
 
 His first wife died on the 29th of September, 1871. His 
 second marriage took place on the 19th of February, 
 1874, to Mrs. Nancy Elkin, a native of Vermont. He 
 has had nine children, Mary Jane ; James Henry, who 
 is farming in Mt. Sterling township ; Margaret, who died in 
 infancy ; Elizabeth ft, who married Alexander Curry, and 
 died in 1875 ; Remetha, the wife of George W. Means ; Wil- 
 liam T., a farmer of Mt. Sterling township; America, wife 
 of John Montgomery ; Sarah, who married Dr. King, of 
 Mt. Sterling ; and George Jacob Hersman. He started out 
 in his political course by voting for Gen. Andrew Jackson 
 for President in 1832. With such a commencement it is 
 little wonder that he has remained a Democrat ever since. 
 His time has been occupied by his business affairs, and he 
 has had little desire to hold public office, though for one 
 term of four years he filled the office of justice of the peace. 
 As a self-made man, who has acquired a competence by his 
 own industry, a good citizen, an old resident of the county, 
 
 and a man of honorable business record, his name is pre- 
 sented to the readers of this work. 
 
 JOHN B. GLASS. 
 
 Among the leading business men of Brown county is Dr. 
 John B. Glass, who for the last twelve years has been en- 
 gaged in the banking business at Mt Sterling. His ancestors 
 on his father's side were of Scotch-Irish descent. His 
 grandfather, James Glass, was born in Ireland, and came 
 to America, with his father, when a child, at a period some 
 years previous to the Revolutionary War. In this war he 
 served as a soldier. John Glass, father of the subject ofthis 
 sketch, was born in Virginia, in October, 1797. He was 
 raised partly in Pennsylvania, and when a boy went to 
 Ohio. At Lebanon, Ohio, he married Hannah Babb, who 
 was born in Maryland. Her father, John Babb, was in the 
 whole seven years' struggle of the colonies for independence, 
 took part in several engagements, and was wounded in the 
 battle of Long Island. He was of Welsh descent, and in- 
 herited an unusually hardy and vigorous constitution. Not- 
 withstanding in early life he had undergone many hard- 
 ships, and endured much exposure, he died in Indiana at 
 the advanced age of one hundred and four. 
 
 John B. Glass was the eldest of five children. He was 
 born at Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 16th of October, 1823. 
 When he was an infant his parents removed to Dearborn 
 county, Indiana, and thence to the vicinity of Greensburg, 
 in Decatur county, of the same state. In the latter county 
 the greater part of his boyhood was spent. He attended the 
 district schools in the neighborhood of his home, and after- 
 wards a seminary at Wilmington, Indiana. Having resolved 
 on adopting the medical profession, he began the study of 
 medicine at Napoleon, Indiana, in the spring of 1845. Dur- 
 ing the winter of 1846-47 he attended lectures at the Rush 
 Medical College, Chicago, for which he received a diploma 
 in the spring of 1847. Immediately after his graduation he 
 established himself in the practice of his profession at Cham- 
 bersburg, in Pike county, of this state. At this place, on 
 the 10th of August, 1848, he married Miss Clarinda Van 
 Wey, who was born at Chambersburg. Her father, John 
 Van Wey, was one of the early settlers of that part of Pike 
 county. In December, 1848, Dr. Glass changed his location 
 to Arenzville, Cass county, and there successfully practiced 
 his profession for thirteen years. He resided subsequently 
 two years at Meredosia- 
 
 He became a resident of Mt. Sterling in June, 1864. For 
 eight years he gave attention to the practice of medicine, 
 which he then abandoned, to engage wholly in the banking 
 business. His bank, which he opened in 1870, is now the 
 oldest in Mt. Sterling, and has always had the confidence of 
 the people of the county as a financial institution, conducted 
 on a safe and sound basis. In his politics, like his father 
 and grandfather before him, he is a member of the Demo- 
 cratic party, which he has always supported since 1844, 
 when the first ballot he ever cast helped to elect James K. 
 Polk, the Democratic nominee, to the Presidency of the
 
 264 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 United States. His time has been occupied by his business 
 interests, and he has never aspired to any position beyond 
 the private walks of life. As a business man he is well and 
 favorably known throughout the county. 
 
 HENRY K. DAVIS, 
 
 Editor and proprietor of the Brown County Democrat, was 
 born at Winchester, Virginia, on the 11th of April, 1828. 
 His father, Samuel H. Davis, was a native of New York. 
 His mother, Mary Brown, was born in Fauquier county, 
 Va. Her ancestors, for many generations, had been resi- 
 dents of the Old Dominion. His father was a printer by 
 occupation, having learned the business at Albany, New 
 York, in the office of Solomon Southwick, with Thurlow 
 Weed as a fellow-apprentice. He removed to Alexandria, 
 Va., in the year 1819, aDd in 1821 to Winchester, in the 
 same State, where he published the Winchester Republican. 
 He sold this paper to James and Erastus Brooks, afterward 
 publishers of the New York Express, and in 1837 moved to 
 Peoria, in this State, where he established the Peoria Regis- 
 ter and Northwestern Gazette, a journal concerning which 
 Horace Greeley at one time remarked, that it was the best 
 newspaper printed west of the Allegheny mountains. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was niDe years of age when the 
 family removed from Virginia to Illinois. He obtained his 
 education in the schools of Peoria. At a very early age he 
 began learning the printing business in his father's office. 
 In 1843, when fifteen, he went to Washington, with the pur- 
 pose of going into the office of the National Intelligencer, but 
 was sent by its editor, Joseph Gales, to a large job office in 
 Baltimore, where he was employed three years. In 1846 he 
 went to Chicago, and worked there as a job printer till '49, 
 when, on the death of his father, he returned to Peoria, and, 
 in partnership with Thomas J. Pickett, published the 
 Peoria Register. The same year (1849) these gentlemen 
 established the first daily paper ever issued in Peoria, the 
 Daily Champion. Their office was destroyed by fire in Jan., 
 1850, the lives of two or three persons being lost during the 
 progress of the conflagration by the fall of the building. 
 From the spring of 1850 to the spring of 1851, Mr. Davis 
 was employed on the Globe at Washington. The latter year 
 he established at Bloomington the Illinois State Bulletin. 
 In 1852 he was a delegate to the Democratic National Con- 
 vention at Baltimore, which nominated Franklin Pierce for 
 President of the United States. After his return, he estab- 
 lished at Urbana, the Urbana Union, of which he had control 
 until 1853. 
 
 From 1853 to 1856 he was clerk in the treasury depart- 
 ment at Washington, but subsequently, for two years, he was 
 connected with the old Missouri Democrat, at St. Louis, as 
 foreman of the job department. In 1858 he went ttf Lex- 
 ington, Missouri, to fill a place on the Expositor of that town. 
 On account of his Union sentiments he was obliged to leave 
 Lexington at the outbreak of the rebellion, but returned a 
 year afterward and established the Lexington Union. For 
 three or four years this was the only paper published within 
 
 three or four counties. The business brought lucrative re- 
 turns to the publisher ; during 1864 and 1865 the annual 
 profits reaching fifteen thousand dollars. During the war, 
 while a resident of Lexington, he was on the staff of Gen. 
 Richard C Vaughan,of the Missouri Enrolled Militia, with 
 the rank of major. Gen. Vaughan's command, with con- 
 servative spirit, did all in its power to save property from 
 destruction both by bushwhackers and jayhawkers, and pre- 
 vented in a great degree the devastation with which some of 
 the western counties of Missouri was visited.. 
 
 In May, 1867, he embarked the means he had accumulated 
 at Lexington in the Kansas City Daily Commercial Advertiser* 
 The paper lost money rapidly during the year he was con. 
 nected with it, and he left it in 1868 to establish a job printing 
 office in Kansas City, which, in 1870, he disposed of to the 
 firm of Ramsey, Millet & Hudson. From 1870 to 1872 he 
 was employed on the St. Louis Republican- The latter year 
 he went to Texas, and at Paris, in partnership with F. W- 
 Minor, the present United States District Attorney for Texas, 
 started the Chartist. From Texas he came to Mt Sterling in 
 December, 1874, and purchased the Brown County Democrat. 
 At that time this paper had a circulation of about five hun- 
 dred copies. His success is best told by mention of the fact 
 that the circulation has been increased to twelve hundred 
 copies, and that the paper has the reputation of being one of 
 the leading democratic journals in this part of the State. 
 
 His marriage occurred on the 15th of March, I860, to Miss 
 Mary Davis, of Lexington, Missouri. Of his eight children, 
 five — whose names are William, John Young, Robert Lee, 
 Charles Mitchell, and Richard — are living." He is a member 
 of the Protestant Episcopal denomination, and was mainly 
 instrumental in the organization of St. Mark's Mission Church 
 in 1879, of which he is one of the wardens. 
 
 MOSES BLACK. 
 
 The ancestry of Mr. Black were Scotch Irish, and removed 
 from Scotland to the* county Londonderry, Ireland, to 
 escape the religious persecutions of the former country. They 
 came to America shortly before the War of the Revolution, 
 settling in Pennsylvania. Samuel Black, grandfather of the 
 subject of this sketch, was one of the early settlers of Ohio, • 
 and reared his family on the frontier, giving his children 
 such educational advantages as the country afforded, and 
 carefully training them in religious matters. 
 
 Samuel S. Black, son of Samuel Black, was born in Cham- 
 paign county, Ohio, December 6th, 1814. He afterwards 
 removed with his parents to Highland county, in the same 
 state. From Ohio he came to Brown county, in the fall of 
 1841, locating at Versailles. In the autumn of 1849 he was 
 elected county judge. He was the first county judge elected 
 after the adoption of the then new constitution, and the first 
 Whig ever elected over a Democrat in Brown county. In 
 1855 he was elected school commissioner, and continued in 
 that office till 1857. He was chosen county surveyor in No- 
 vember, 1867, and was the incumbent of that office at the 
 time of his death. He was a member of the Presbyterian
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 265 
 
 Church from an early period in his life In early life he 
 was a teacher, and during his residence at Versailles taught 
 in that vicinity. He was married to Frances W. McCorkle 
 on the 16th of June, 1836. He died on the 24th of January, 
 1869. He had been connected with Hardin Masonic Lodge, 
 No. 44, many years, and was buried with Masonic honors. 
 His children were Mary J., now the wife of W. W. Ken- 
 drick ; Catherine, who married John Jones ; Margaret, the 
 wife of John H. Hambaugh ; Malvina, now Mrs. John P. 
 Murphy ; Moses Black, and Samuel Wilson Black. 
 
 Moses Black was born in Versailles township on the 23d 
 of August, 1845. When in his fifth year, his father moved 
 with the family to Mt. Sterling, and in the schools of that 
 place his education was obtained. In the summer of 1863 
 he was engaged in surveying with his father in Nebraska. 
 The first school he taught was in Cooperstown tow nship, 
 in the winter of 1863-"64. He taught a part of each year 
 afterward till July, 1869, when he closed an engagement as 
 principal of a graded school of eight departments at Du 
 Quoin, Ills. He was elected county surveyor in November, 
 1869, and was re elected in 1875, and again in 1879. . His 
 marriage to Mary E. Winslow, a native of Brown county, 
 occurred on the 23d October, 1877. He has two children, 
 Zada and Ernest. Though independent and liberal in his 
 political views, he has always been a Republican. 
 
 GEOEGE HEKSMAN 
 
 Has been a resident of Brown county since 1834. His an- 
 cestors were Virginians who early emigrated to Kentucky ) 
 making their homes in Bourbon county at a time when the 
 Indians were still numerous and occasioned the white set- 
 tlers considerable annoyance. His father, Henry Hersman, 
 was born in Virginia. Bis mother, whose maiden name was 
 Elizabeth Fry, was also a native of that state, and belonged 
 to a family who, at an early period, settled in Kentucky. 
 The subject of this sketch was the fourth of a family of 
 eight children. He was born in Harrison county, Kentucky, 
 on the 29th of August, 1816. The first eighteen years of 
 his life were spent in Kentucky. He had the advantage of 
 only three months' instruction at school in Kentucky, but 
 subsequently by his own efforts succeeded in obtaining a 
 good business education. 
 
 In the fall of 1834 he accompanied his family from Ken- 
 tucky to Illinois. They first settled southeast of Mt. Ster- 
 ling on a farm a short distance from the town. The town of 
 Mt. Sterling was then composed of a single store and one or 
 two log dwellings. The county was Schuyler, Brown not 
 yet having been organized. After living there five years the 
 family move! to section twenty-seven, of township one south, 
 range three west, where his father lived till 1878 when his 
 death occurred. He was ninety-two years old when he died. 
 In the year 1841 he was united in marriage to Rebecca Ann 
 Knox, who was born in Bouibon county, Kentucky. Her 
 father, William Knox, removed from Kentucky to Greene 
 county, of this state, in 1836, and in 1840 came to Brown 
 county and settled in Versailles township. 
 34 
 
 After his marriage he engaged in farming. He is the 
 owner of eight hundred acres of land, three hundred of 
 which are comprised in his home farm adjoining Hersman 
 Station. Beside farming he has been engaged in other busi- 
 ness enterprises. He was one of those instrumental in secur- 
 ing the construction of a railroad through Brown county! 
 and spent considerable time in his efforts to effect this object. 
 On the completion of the road, a station was established near 
 his residence, to which the name of Hersman was given. 
 Since the road was placed in operation he has been acting 
 as agent for the railroad company. For sixteen years he 
 was employed in furnishing wood and ties for the railroad, 
 and during this period purchased a large amount of timber, 
 paying out in the county upward of a million dollars For five 
 years he carried on a store at Hersman in partnership with 
 his son-in-law, S. O. Elkins, after whose death Mr. Hersman 
 settled up the business as surviving partner. He has nine 
 children: Isabel, now the wife of John Means; Elizabeth, 
 who died in infancy ; Lmina, the widow of S. O. Elkins ; 
 Henry, John J., Will, Mattie, Charles G., and Carrie. He 
 was formerly a whig and a devoted adherent to the fortunes 
 of Henry Clay who excited his admiration as he did that of 
 most Kentuckians. His first vote for President was for Gen. 
 Harrison, in 1840. Since the dissolution of the Whig party 
 he has been a Democrat, voting since for every Democratic 
 candidate for President except in 1872. From the time he 
 was twelve years old he has been a member of the Presby- 
 terian church. He is now connected with the Presbyterian 
 church of Hersman Station, which was formed from the old 
 and new school churches of Mt. Sterling and which he 
 helped to organize. 
 
 DANIEL SIX. 
 
 Daniel Six was born in Greene county of this State, a 
 short distance west of Whitehall, on the 20th of June, 1824. 
 His grandfather was John Six, a soldier of the War of the 
 Revolution. His father, David Six, was born in Tennessee, 
 in 1799, and was eleven or twelve years of age at the time 
 his father removed from Tennessee to the Greene river coun- 
 try, in Kentucky. He married Elizabeth Cox, in 1819. In 
 1823 he came to Sangamon county, in this State ; from there 
 removed to Greene county, afterward to what was then Mor 
 gau county, and in 1829 came to the present Brown county, 
 then a part of Schuyler. He first settled in section twenty, 
 and afterward in section twenty-two, of township one south, 
 range three west (Mt. Sterling). He was a hatter by trade, 
 but worked at that occupation but little after coming to 
 Illinois. He served as county commissioner one term, and 
 for many years in succession was one of the judges of elec- 
 tion at the Mt. Sterling precinct. He died on the 2d of 
 December, 1857. He had twelve children, six boys and six 
 girls. Eleven grew to maturity, and ten are now living. 
 Two daughters live in Missouri, two in California, and the 
 six sons are all residents of Brown county. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was the third child, and was 
 five years old when he came to Brown county. The first 
 school he attended was on section twenty-three of Mt. Ster-
 
 266 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ling township, in an old log school-house, with a dirt floor, 
 split log benches, and a ho'e between the logs, over which 
 was pasted greased paper, to serve as a window. In this 
 building were taught the first schools in Mt. Sterling town- 
 ship, by James Alexander and Jonathan Billings. In the 
 spring of 1849 he set out for California. His company was 
 one of the first to cross the plains, and reached Sacra- 
 mento City about the 1st of September. He mined gold 
 two years on the north fork of the American river, and the 
 last year lived on a ranch. He came back to Illinois in 
 October, 1852, with thirty-four hundred dollars as the 
 result of three years' labor. February 2d, 1854, he mar- 
 ried Ann Quinn, who was born near Mt. Vernon, Rock- 
 castle county, Kentucky. He has. had seven children, of 
 whom five are living. He has represented Mt. Sterling 
 township in the board of supervisors two years, and in 
 1877 was e'ected county treasurer, as an independent candi- 
 date- From his uncle, Jack Six, who came to the county 
 in 1828, Six's Prairie received its name. 
 
 JOHN HARPER, 
 
 "Who has served ttree teims as i-heriff of Brown county, is a 
 native of the county, and was born four miles and a quarter 
 southeast of Mt. Sterling on the 7th of May, 1837. His 
 father, Stephen Harper, was born in Kentucky, January, 
 1813, and when seven years old went to Ohio where he 
 grew up and married Elizabeth Putman. He came from 
 Ohio to Brown county in 1834 and settled in the present 
 Mt. Sterling townfhip. He died in December, 1865, at the 
 age of nearly fifty-three. The subject of this sketch was 
 the oldest of nine children. After attaining his majority 
 he went to farming for himself December 11th, 1867, he 
 married Amanda M. Means, daughter of Major John Means. 
 After his marriage he went to farming in Hancock county, 
 where he lived till October, 1869, when he returned to 
 Brown county and went to farming west of Mt. Sterling. 
 In the fall of 1874 he was elected sheriff. From that date 
 to the present he has been in the sheriffs office, either as 
 sheriff or deputy. He has been elected to the office three 
 • different times. He has six children, whose names are 
 Charles, Maggie M , Libbie, Gertrude, Ida M., and Mattie 
 L. In his politics he is a Democrat. 
 
 JOHN A. GIVENS. 
 
 The ancestors of Mr. Givens were Virginians, who at an 
 early period settled in Kentucky. George R. Givens, his 
 father, was born at Paris, Bourbon county, Kentucky, in 
 1808. He came to Illinois in 1831, first settling at Cham- 
 bersburg, in Pike county, where he lived some years, and 
 then removing to -Mt. Sterling, where he engaged in the 
 general merchandising business, opening one of the first 
 stores in the town. This store was on Main street, and was 
 carried on for several years, until he was obliged to abandon 
 the business, on account of deafness. He is still living in 
 
 Mt. Sterling. He married Mary F. Curry, daughter of 
 Alexander Curry, an early settler on the site of Mt Ster- 
 ling, and one of the founders of the town. John A. Giv- 
 ens was the oldest of seven children. He was born in Mt 
 Sterling, on the 16th of September, 1836. The house in 
 which he was born adjoins his store, and is now his pro- 
 perty. His father haying quit the mercantile business and 
 engaged in farming, Mr. Givens was brought up principally 
 on a farm. He remained at home till he was nineteen, and 
 afterwards spent some time in Texas and other Southern 
 States. In 1860 he went to Pike's Peak, and was in Colo- 
 rado and Utah till 1861, when he returned to Mt. Sterling 
 and embarked in the lumber business, which he followed 
 eighteen months. October, 1862, he began the grocery 
 business, in which he has since been occupied. He has 
 been successful as a business man, and is one of the well- 
 known merchants of Brown county. His marriage to Jane 
 Putman, daughter of Daniel Putman, one of the earliest 
 business men of Mt Sterling, occurred on the 3d of May, 
 1862 He has four children : Laura, George, Charlie, and 
 Burt He has always been a Democrat in politics. 
 
 FRED. W. ROTTGER. 
 
 Mr. Rottger was born near Minden, Prussia, August 
 Oth. 1843. His parents were William and Minnie Rottger. 
 When he was seven years old, his father came, with the 
 family, to the United States, and settled in St Louis. After 
 his father's death, which occurred when he was twelve years 
 old, his home, until he became of age, was with E. L. Hen- 
 richsen, of Morgan county, in this State. He went to school 
 about eighteen months. At the age of seventeen he began 
 his experience in the railroad business, at Alexander, in 
 Morgan county, under Mr. Henrichsen, who had charge of 
 the railroad station at that place. October 18th, 1S65, he 
 married Eugenia Peters, of Alexander. In November, 1865, 
 he came to Mt. Sterling, having received the appointment 
 as agent for the railroad company at this place. In 1867 
 he began buying ties on his own account. He commenced 
 on a limited scale, but afterward expanded the business, and 
 has since handled from sixty to seventy five thousand ties each 
 year. Since 1875 he has been engaged in the grain busi- 
 ntss, in partnership with C. H. Atwood, under the firm 
 name of F. W- Rottger & Co. About the same time he 
 embarked in the -lumber business with C. M. Dunlap. 
 The firm is known as Dunlap & Rottger. Since 1878 he 
 has carried on farming He was interested in organizing 
 the Mt Sterling Drain Tile Company, in 1882, of which he 
 is the president He is a Democrat in politics. In 1878 
 he represented Mt. Sterling township in the board of super- 
 visors. He was the first mayor of Mt Sterling after the 
 adoption of city organization. He is the Vice President of 
 the First National Bank of Mt Sterling. He has four chil- 
 dren living : Eugenia, Nica, Mirtie, and Frederick Weeins. 
 Willie, the secoud child, died at the age of four years. He 
 1 is ktown as one of the energetic and successful buskess 
 men of Brown coirntv.
 
 BAINBRIDGE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 HW 
 
 | HIS township deserves mention in the his- 
 tory of Schuyler County, from the fact 
 that it was within her borders that some 
 of the first blows were struck toward 
 civilization. Nearly sixty years ago the 
 woodsman's axe was heard to resound 
 through the timbers of Craue creek ; few 
 there were to bear the burdens of pio- 
 teer life, and encourage one another 
 in paving the way for civilization and the future generation. 
 What a transition 1 In little more than fifty years, it has 
 been changed from a howling wilderness to a populous and 
 finely improved country. The present generation can 
 scarcely imagine the trials and hardships endured by 
 those hardy men and women, who braved the danger of pio- 
 neer life, cleared the forest, broke the stubborn glebe, and 
 laid deep and strong the foundation of our present happy 
 condition. Many have gone to their last resting place, and 
 the silent grave holds well the secrets of the past. From the 
 few gray-haired veterans that still linger with us, we have 
 been able to gather the information found in these pages. 
 The township is situated in the extreme southern portion of 
 the county, bounded north by Rushville, east by Frederick, 
 south by the Illinois river and Crooked creek, and west by 
 Woodstock. It contains the. whole of what is known as con- 
 gressional township, 1 North, Range 1 west, and a fractional 
 part of township 1 South, Range 1 west. The surface is 
 generally very broken, and was originally covered with a 
 heavy growth of timber, more than two thirds of which has 
 been cleared, and is now in a fine state of cultivation. The 
 prairies, where they occur are small. The soil is fertile and 
 produces large crops of corn, wheat, oats, hay, etc' The 
 principal streams that water and drain the lands are Crane 
 creek, and its tributaries, which flow southeasterly across 
 the northwestern and central portion of the township. There 
 are also small affluents of the Illinois river and of Crooked 
 creek, that assist in carrying off the rain fall. 
 
 The first settlement of Bainbridge, began in the same 
 year of the earliest arrival in the county. The pioneers, 
 and first settlers were Thomas McKee, and Willis O'Neal, 
 ■who located in the township in the fall of 1823. Thomas 
 McKee was a native of Kentucky, and was a very early 
 settler in Illinois, having lived in the state for some time be- 
 fore his advent here. He settled on the N. E. £ of section 
 20, on the place now owned by James W. Lawler ; O'Neal 
 located near him, and together they made the first settle- 
 
 ment in Bainbridge township. This was at least six miles 
 south of the Hobart settlement in Rushville township, and 
 they were their nearest neighbors. Each of them erected 
 for their families, the same kind of rough unhewed log cabins 
 that all the pioneers enjoyed. There was but one way to 
 build them, and nearly all were alike. It is true they were 
 rude affairs, but the souls within their walls were happier 
 and more joyous than many of those who reside in the 
 palaces of to-day. 
 
 Mr. McKee was an excellent mechanic, and followed gun- 
 smithing and blacksmithing, and also manufactured spin- 
 ning wheels. He was the first mechanic in the county, and 
 was a very valuable man in the new country. The Indians 
 with their broken guns, came from a great distance to have 
 him repair them. He cleared some land and made some im- 
 provements, having planted a small nursery, from which 
 came many of the trees of the first orchards in the county. 
 There are yet standing several old trees around the im- 
 provement. About 1830 or '31 he sold out and removed 
 north of Rushville on the prairie, where he resided until he 
 was killed while digging coal a short lime afterwards. 
 O'Neal also moved in the vicinity of Rushville and became 
 quite prominent in the early history of the county. His 
 name will be found in many places through this work. 
 Nathan Eels, an eastern man, settled near McKee, and 
 these three families remained together in this settlement 
 nearly two years. Eels was the first to leave it. He moved 
 and located in or near the Hobart or Chadsey settlement, 
 where he remained for a few years and migrated to the 
 northern part of the state. He sold his property to a new 
 comer, James B. Atwood, an Englishman. 
 
 The next arrival was probably Thomas Blair, from Ohio. 
 He came with his family soon after those above mentioned 
 and located in section 3, and remained there until 1831, 
 when he sold his claim to Zephaniah Tyson, and subsequent- 
 ly moved to Iowa. It was about the same time also, that 
 George Naught immigrated here and settled on N. E. i of 
 section 31, on the place where Charles W. Davis now lives. 
 He and his wife were hardy old pioneers, and remained toil- 
 ing on their place until death overtook them, many years 
 ago. 
 
 In November, 1826, Abraham Lemaster and his son-in- 
 law, Charles Hatfield, crossed the Illinois, at Beard's Ferry, 
 and traveled in a northeasterly direction to what is now 
 Bainbridge township, halting at Willis O'Neal's vacant 
 cabin, in which the two families took up winter quarters. 
 
 267
 
 268 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 James B. Atwood, was then the only family residing in the 
 northern or central part of the township, the others having 
 moved away as above stated, and McKee being absent. In 
 the spring Lemaster purchased McKee's improvements on 
 section 20, and raised a crop, but was compelled to leave 
 there on account of the millions of mosquitoes. He lived for 
 a few years upon the prairies and again returned to his place. 
 About 1846, he went to Kentucky on a. visit, and while 
 there died. His wife died in the township. His descendents 
 are still living in the county. Mr. Hatfield first located 
 on the prairie north of Ilushville, where he lived about five 
 years, and then moved into Bainbridge, where he has ever 
 since continued to reside. His house is on section 20, and 
 he and his wife are still happy together, having lived a wed- 
 ded, life for nearly sixty years. Hugh E., his son and his 
 daughter, the wife of John Dodds, are living in the county. 
 "William Gordon,, a native of Kentucky, came here from 
 Indiana, with his mother-in-law, Nancy Taylor, and her 
 family in 1827, and settled in the S. E. i of section 22, where 
 they purchased land and improvements of John A. Reeves, 
 who had been here a short time. They all left this part of 
 the country. Reeves was a New Yorker, and while here 
 his wife died. He went to Indiana, where he was again 
 married, and returned to Illinois. One son, Simon A. 
 Reeves, still lives in the township. William Mitchell, a 
 brother-in-law of Reeves, was here early and remained only 
 a short time. Moses and Jonathan Billing settled in the 
 northern part of the township as early as 1827, and both 
 died in this county. Enoch and James Edmonston came 
 here about 1828, and took up their abode in the western 
 part of the township, and also spent their days here. Some 
 of their families are living in the neighborhood. Rev. Joseph 
 Bell, who was an early Baptist minister in this part of the 
 state, located in Bainbridge, under the bluffs, in 1828. He 
 died at his residence here several years ago. Isaac Briggs 
 and George Butler were also very early arrivals. Jacob 
 White was here very early, and stopped until 1829, when 
 he moved across the creek, and settled in Gooperstown town- 
 ship, Brown county. It was he who furnished the county 
 with the money to purchase the original land for the county 
 seat. Peter De Witt was also aming the early settlers, and 
 sold out to Samuel Jackson, a North Carolinian, who came 
 with his family in 1829. He reared a large family. His sob 
 Edgar, residing in Rushville, is the only one of the family 
 now living in the county. Sanford Close, Elisha Hudson, 
 and Jerre Jackson, a nephew, came with the Jackson family. 
 They were single men, and married and reared large families 
 here. Jerre Jackson is still a resident of Bainbridge- 
 Allen Persinger was also an early settler. He first located 
 under the bluffs, and afterwards moved up on the bluffs near 
 the center of the township, on the line dividing it from 
 Woodstock. He was the first surveyor elected in the coun- 
 ty. Among other old settlers were Daniel Matheney, Jona. 
 than Reddick, Harvey Phinney, John Jacobs, the McCor- 
 micks, John Bowling, John Dougherty, James Lawler, Jona- 
 
 than Patterson, Ebenezer Grist, and Apollos Ward. Promi- 
 nent among those now living not before mentioned we will' 
 name Aaron V. Harris, Solena Dawson, Samuel Tomlinson, 
 Thomas Howell, who came here from his native state, Guil- 
 ford county, North Carolina, in 1829, John H. Lawler, 
 Jacob Howell and others. 
 
 The earliest mill built in the township was erected by 
 Ephraim Eggleston, on section 19. It was located on the 
 banks of Crane creek, and was propelled by its waters. 
 Just after it was completed in 1827, a flood came and washed 
 it away together with his cabin, nearly drowning his wife 
 and children. He was awakened in the night by the rush- 
 ing of the water, and upon getting up he found the water 
 waist deep in his cabin. He had settled here in 1825. 
 
 Zephaniah Tyson built a horse mill on his place in 1835. 
 William Clark constructed a water, saw and grist mill where 
 Newburg now stands in the same year, which was in opera- 
 tion for some time. 
 
 The first building for school purposes was built on section 
 15, and was known as the Lemaster school- house. It was a 
 small log cabin. John Parker, Joseph Bell and William 
 Burnsides were among the first teachers. We will give here 
 a few of the military patents : T. 1 N, R. 1 W. October 6, 
 1817, John Trask, Jr., S. E. k of section 1, and Solomon 
 Lovegrove, S. W. I ofsection 5. October 21,1817, Thomas 
 Davis, N. W. i section 7, and A. T. Van Bockel, N. E. i 
 sec. 7, Nov. 18, 1817, George Wintz, N. E. i ofsection 11, 
 December 1, 1817, Peter Brush, S. W. i ofsection 11. 
 
 The following parties have represented Bainbridge in the 
 board of supervisors: In 1854, Allen Persinger was elected 
 and served two terms; in 1856, Isaac Black, served three 
 terms; 1859 George Strong; 1860, Allen Persinger; 1861 f 
 Isaac- Black; 1862, Simon S. Griest; 1863-'64, Isaac Black ; 
 1865, Simon J Grist; 1866, George Strong; 1867-'68, 
 George W. Campbell; 1869, Adam Briggs; 1870, Adam 
 M. Briggs; 1871-72, George W. Campbell (chairman); 
 1873, John H. Lawler ; 1874, Adam Briggs; 1875, Samuel 
 Dodds ; 1876, Charles W. Davis ; 1877, Samuel D >dds ; 1878, 
 Adam Briggs. who served by re-elections until 1882, when 
 Charles M. Dodds, the present incumbent, succeeded him. 
 
 NEWBURG 
 
 is situated on the northeast quarter of section 20, Town 1 
 north, Range 1 west. It was laid out by Joseph Newburg, 
 after whom it is named, and surveyed and platted by 
 Francis E. Bryant, county surveyor, April 24, 1840. At 
 one time there was a store and blacksmith shop there, and 
 some business was done, but at this writing there is nothing 
 but a few houses collected together as a settlement. 
 
 CENTER 
 
 is a p >int near the geographical center of the township, where 
 there is a town house and a post-office. According to the 
 census of 1880 Bainbridge has one hundred and eighty- 
 three fnrms and 1205 population.
 
 HICKORY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 'HIS division of the county is said to have 
 been named in honor of old " Hickory," 
 Jackson, from the fact that at one time 
 there was but one Whig vote cast in the 
 township, it being, with that exception, 
 a solid Democratic precinct. It is situ- 
 ated in the extreme eastern part of the 
 county, bounded on the north by Fulton 
 county, east and south by the Illinois 
 river, and west by Browning township. 
 It is a fractional part of congressional 
 township 2 north, range 2 east of the fourth principal me- 
 ridian, that lies north and west of the Illinois river. It is 
 about equally divided between uplands and bottom. The 
 surface was originally covered with a heavy growth of tim- 
 ber, consisting of the different varieties that usually grow 
 in this portion of the State. The soil on the uplands is rich, 
 and produces large crops of wheat, corn, oats, grass, etc. 
 The Illinois bottom soil ranks among the most fertile lands 
 of the country, and like the celebrated American Bottom, 
 they are known far and wide. In favorable seasons, when 
 they are not overflowed, they produce enormous crops of 
 corn and hay. Alum creek is the principal water course 
 in the township. It enters in the northeast corner of section 
 5, and passing in a southeasterly course through the town- 
 ship, empties its waters into the Illinois, on section 15, at 
 Sharp's Landing. There are several lakes in the vicinity of 
 the river, the largest of which is Long lake, in the southeast- 
 ern portion. It is about two and a half miles long, and its 
 greatest width about half a mile. There are also several 
 small streams that empty into it, and at low water mark it 
 is entirely separated from the river. 
 
 The first military patents located in this township were as 
 follows : January 1, 1818, Ebenezer Bobbins drew the S. E. 
 i of section 3 ; March 20, John Wright, S. W. i of section 
 3, and William L. Stuart, S. W. i of section 2; January 
 30, Joseph Land, S. E. J section 4; February 4, Adam 
 Brewner, N. E. i section 6, and February 18, Samuel Hand, 
 S. W. i of section 6, all in the year 1818. There were but 
 few of those who located these claims in this county that 
 ever settled them, and of the above named we do not recog- 
 nize any who were ever citizens of Hickory. The first per- 
 sons to settle in Hickory township were Jonathan Viles, 
 Nicholson Viles, his uncle, William Stevenson, a son-in-law 
 of Nicholson Viles, and Amos Bichardson. In the spring 
 of 1826 this party of pioneers crossed the Illinois river at 
 Beard's ferry, and taking up an old Indian trail, followed 
 
 it along the bluffs until reaching a point where Butlersville 
 now stands, where they halted, and for a time camped to- 
 gether. They settled along the bluffs and raised a few crops, 
 and all but Amos Bichardson moved out of the township 
 He remained here, and about 1830 was shot and killed by 
 Burrell Basset, who was then a resident or squatter. This 
 affair is said to have occurred from trading wives. The next 
 settler was Abraham Carlock, who arrived in 1827. He 
 was a migratory individual, and moved about from place to 
 place in the township for several years. It is related that he 
 was a very old man when he came, and had a large family 
 of grown children. He was minus his left hand, it having 
 been burned off. He died here nearly forty years ago, and 
 but little of him is known. Jacob Guinn was another early 
 settler. He first located in section 8, cleared and improved 
 a small farm and sold out. It seemed to be his mission to 
 grub and clear the land, for he made several good farms in 
 this way, but so soon as they were improved, he would sell 
 them and begin another. He was a good hunter and trap- 
 per, and in those days game of all kinds was so numerous as 
 to be a nuisance. He died in the township, and left quite 
 a large family, none of whom are now living in the county. 
 William Moss, noted as a great bee culturist, was a settler 
 in Hickory as early as 1830, and located on section 10. He 
 died here many years ago. Burrell Basset, above mentioned 
 arrived about the same time. His crime was compromised 
 by his enlisting in the Black Hawk war in 1831, after which 
 we lose sight of him. Stephen Y. Jolly, who settled the 
 land on which Butlersville now stands, came in 1830, and 
 died here over thirty years ago. William K. Jones, a native 
 of Kentucky, came here a single man in the fall of 1834 
 and settled on section 7, where he has ever since continued 
 to reside. He was twice married and has reared a family of 
 eight children, all of whom are living but one. In the 
 fall of 1836, William H. Gregory came with his family and 
 settled on the bluffs west of Butlersville. He is still living 
 in bis eighty-ninth year, hale and hearty. He had a large 
 family, five of whom are now living, two in Schuyler county 
 — Thomas and John H. Gregory both residing in Hickory. 
 William Sackman, with his family, was another prominent 
 arrival in 1836. He was a native of Pennsylvania, and 
 came from that state to Indiana, at an early day, and to 
 Illinois in 1828, settling in Morgan county in 1836. 
 From there he came to this county and located on section 4, 
 where he continued to reside until 1866, when he moved to 
 the state of Missouri, and died there. He reared a family of 
 twelve children, being equally divided in sexes — six sons 
 
 269
 
 270 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and six daughters — and of the number three are prominent 
 farmers in this township, John W., Leonard 0., and Geo. 
 W. Sackraan. When Mr. Sackman, came here, there 
 were then living in the township Thomas Wilson, Philip 
 Ruby, Mo3ier Alley, Lyman Tracey, Enoch Steward, Abra- 
 ham Carlock, and his son Jacob Carlock, Levi Mondon, 
 William Moss, William Brown, Martin Crafton, S. Y. Jolly, 
 William Powell, James Steward, William K. Jones, David 
 Venters, Margaret Thompson, William Gregory, Levi 
 Sparks, Jacob Guinn, Reason Prater, and Durias Prater. 
 Their families constituted about all of the inhabitants in 
 Hickory at that date, but from thenceforward the settlements 
 began to fill up quite rapidly, with immigrants from all 
 parti of the country. 
 
 Abraham Louderback, who was born in Rockingham 
 county, Virginia, in 1786, soon arrived here, with a family. 
 He came to Schuyler county in 1829, but lived for several 
 years on a farm near Rushville, before becoming a citizen 
 of Hickory. He became one of her most enterprising men, 
 and was much esteemed by all who knew him. Mr. Louder- 
 back died at his home in July, 1371. He had a family of 
 eight children, and some of his descendants are still residing 
 in the township. 
 
 About 1837, Jacob Sharp located on the liver near the 
 mouth of Alum creek, southeast of Butlersville, where he 
 established a steamboat landing. The place was known as 
 Sharp's Landing. He erected a large warehouse, and kept 
 a store, consisting of a large stock of general merchandise. 
 He also engaged in all kinds of river traffic at this point, 
 for over thirty years, and acquired a fortune. He subse- 
 quently moved to Astoria where he purchased 700 acres 
 of land, which has advanced in price to a large sum of 
 money. He died a few years ago, and his heirs own the 
 land. 
 
 Daniel Sheldon was one of the prominent settlers of the 
 year 1838. He was born in Rhode Island, February 24th, 
 1802. He purchased an improved place of Jacob Guinn, 
 ou section eight, and added to it eighty acres, which he 
 entered. Mr. Sheldon was an early school- teacher, and 
 taught the first school on the bluff, at Butlersville, in the 
 winter of 1838. The building was a small log-house, built 
 for that purpose by the neighbors, and Mr. Sheldon was 
 the teacher for several years. He was a justice of the 
 peace for several years, also town clerk, supervisor, and 
 postmaster of Sheldon's Grove from the time it was estab- 
 lished until his death, August 5th, 1869. The post-office, 
 Sheldon's Grove, was named after him. His wife's maiden 
 name was Aurelia Sharp, sister of Jacob Sharp. They 
 reared three children, viz , Byron, who died December 14th, 
 1873; Sovioa, the wife of J. H. Gregory, residing in the 
 township ; and Daniel D., a resident of London, England. 
 
 Thus have we mentioned most of the early and prom- 
 inent families that settled in the township. We have not 
 sketched them all, and if it were possible, it would not be 
 interesting to do so. Below we mention a few other early 
 settlers, — Joseph Workman, L. R. Litchfield, Wakeman 
 Thompson, John W. Curlers, Daniel Louderback, Daniel 
 Shaw, Jacob Fisher, Sr., Alfonso Morrell, Thomas Mondon, 
 James S. Turner, Tippits, Ezekiel Gobbel, the Butlers, 
 Parkers, Mclntires, Lewises, Joseph Kelly, Thomas Ray, 
 Samuel Burrell, Rutherford Lane, and William Wisdom. 
 
 The earliest mill in the township was built on Alum creek, 
 a little north of Butlersville, in 1839, by James S. Turner. 
 It was a saw-mill, run by water-power. The first school was 
 taught on section three, in a small log-cabin, by De Witt 
 Allen, in 1834. 
 
 The following gentlemen have served on the board of 
 supervisors from this township. The county adopted town- 
 ship organization in 1854, and Amos Hart was elected and 
 served two terms. In 1856, Daniel Sheldon was elected, 
 and by re-elections served until 1359, when he was succeeded 
 by Lewis Price, who served three years. In 1862, William 
 Robertson was elected, and served two years. In 1864 and 
 '65, Robert Darling ; 1866 and '67, Wakeman Thompson ; 
 1868, Samuel Burrell, and by re-election served until 1872. 
 In 1872 John W. Curless was elected, and served two terms, 
 and Valentine Fisher, elected in 1874, served two terms, 
 and was succeeded by John W. Curless for one year, and 
 again re-elected and served two terms, when, in 1879, Addi- 
 son D. Stambaugh was elected and served two years. Her- 
 man C. C. Schultz, the present incumbent, was elected in 
 1881, and re-elected in 1882. 
 
 From the census of 1880, this township has fifty-three 
 farms, and a population of 580 souls. 
 
 BUTLERSVILLE 
 
 Is situated on the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter 
 of section nine, and was laid out and named after its origi- 
 nal proprietor, Noah Butler, November 29th, 1846, and sur- 
 veyed and platted by I. M. Sweeney. Noah Butler built a 
 store, and sold the first goods in the town, soon after it was 
 laid out. There has been a store there most of the time 
 since its existence. At the present writing, there are two 
 general merchandising establishments, — H. C. Schultz and 
 Daniel Severns proprietors. 
 
 BLUFF CITY 
 
 Was laid out Abraham Louderback, and surveyed and 
 platted by Leonidas Horney, November 2d, 1860 It is 
 situated on the northwest quarter of section one. At pres- 
 ent there is one store, kept by John Duncan, and a saw-mill.
 
 MISSOURI TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 *-t-V — o — -V»- 
 
 'ISSOURI is one of the northern tier 
 of townships, lying north of the base 
 line, and south of Schuyler county. 
 The aforesaid county bounds it on the 
 north and northeast, Ripley lies on the 
 east, Mt. Sterling on the south,' and 
 Pea Ridge on the west, and it contains 
 nearly 35 sections. The name was re" 
 ceived from the creek extending 
 through the northwest corner of the territory. Portions 
 of sections 1, 2, 11, and 12, are included in Schuyler county- 
 Originally it was mainly covered with heavy timber. About 
 nine sections in the south, and west are prairie land. The 
 north acd east are considerably broken, approaching to quite 
 prominent bluffs in places, especially in the northeast near 
 Crooked creek. The culture of wheat and corn is nearly 
 equal in acreage. Grass and oats are also raised in abund- 
 ance, and with good success. The natural drainage is ex- 
 cellent, as numerous streams traverse its territory. The 
 Little Missouri crosses the northwest corner, entering in 
 section 7, and passing out in the northeast corner of sec. 
 tion 6. A tributary rises in section 17, flows north and 
 leaves the township in section 5. Curry's Branch and 
 tributaries drain the east, discharging their waters into 
 Crooked creek. The latter stream enters the township in 
 fection one, flows south and east, forming the northeast 
 boundary. It leaves the township in section 12, and finally 
 discharges its waters into the Illinois river. Other small 
 streams abound, giving rapid and effective drainage to the 
 surface waters. Coal abounds in various parts, and at some 
 points nearly crops out at the surface on the sides of the 
 hills and bluffs. It is worked to some extent by drifts. 
 The vein will average about three feet in thickness, and 
 the quality of coal is considered good. Excellent sand stone 
 underlies nearly the whole township. In places it is quar- 
 ried, and utilized for foundations of buildings, etc. Some 
 of the best farms and most desirable land lie in southern 
 Missouri township. The farms are well improved, and the farm 
 houses and barns are among the best in the county. In 1836, 
 there was a fever of excitement to make new towns in the 
 county. This township caught the fever, and September 
 10, 11*36, Isam Cox laid out a town in the southwest 
 quarter of section 10, and named it New Washington. It 
 was only on paper, and it is doubtful if there are a half dozen 
 citizens of the township who know that such a place was 
 ever in their midst, tven in imagination. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The first step taken toward civilization in this part of the 
 county was by Levin Green in the summer of 1829. He 
 came from the state of Missouri to Illinois, and we first 
 find him located near what is now Rushville as early as 
 1823 or '21. He was a peculiar combination of the back, 
 woodsman and pioneer preacher. He was of the medium 
 height, lank and lean, sharp features, high cheek bones, 
 sandy complexion, and purely a nervous temperament- He 
 had a small family at his coming, and located in section 20, 
 on the land now owned by John Roberts. Here he erected 
 a good double log house from the lynn timber which was 
 then plenty on his land. A stone chimney was constructed 
 in the center of the building, and arranged with two. fire 
 places, one for each room. To raise a house of such preten- 
 sions he was obliged to go as far as Rushville — about 15 
 miles, to procure assistance. The Indians were then plenty 
 in the country, and it is said they were present and aided 
 in the work. Green was a local Methodist preacher 
 and exhorter, and to him is accorded the honor of preaching 
 the first sermon in Schuyler county, in 1823. Indeed his 
 was the first sermon preached in the entire military tract 
 between Fort Clark, where Peoria now stands, and the junc- 
 tion of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. The first church 
 society in this part of the county was organized at his house. 
 Many are the stories told of his eccentricities and peculiari- 
 ties. Once he started on his way to conduct church service 
 in the settlement bareheaded, but stopped at the house of 
 one of the settlers and procured the necessary head gear. In 
 the pulpit he was as odd as out of it. When in earnest dis- 
 course he would twist his mouth to one side, which caused a 
 great deal of merriment to the youngsters. It was a common 
 saying among them that he was trying to bite off one of his 
 ears. It was he that made the extravagant expression with 
 regard to the numerous snakes in the country, that " they 
 were so plenty as to clog the plow. " He conducted pro- 
 tracted meetings throughout the surrounding settlements, 
 and was the instrument of many conversions. On some oc- 
 casions he would appear before his congregation, dressed in 
 the pioneer garb, bucksKin hunting shirt and trowsera of 
 the same material. In the fall of 1832, he sold out his im- 
 provement to George Roberts and moved to Arkansas, and 
 if living, is undoubtedly somewhere just in the lead of civili- 
 zation. The second parties to locate in this settlement were 
 two brothers, John and James Bell. They were both heads 
 of families, and located near each other in section 20. They 
 
 271
 
 272 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 were natives of Kentucky, but migrated to Indiana in an 
 early day, and in 1826, came to Illinois and stopped in 
 Morgan county until early in 1830, when tbey came here 
 and settled as above stated. John's family consisted of his 
 wife and two children, Mary J , and Robert. His house 
 was a rude log cabin without any door, and was lighted by 
 the absence of a log in one side. A blanket served the pur- 
 pose of a door. He remained here but a short time, when 
 he moved to section 28, and erected a comfortable log house. 
 It was on this farm that he died but a few months ago. He 
 was twice married, his first wife dying many years ago. His 
 secoud wife is yet living and resides at the old homestead. 
 Several children were born to them in the comity, and all 
 are residents of Brown but three. Ira, a son of the second 
 marriage, lives in section 28, near the farm of his father. 
 James Bell, the brother of John, had a wife and one son, 
 John, when he came. Three other children were born to 
 the family. Mr. Bell died in 1841 ; his widow survived him, 
 and is now living at Ripley, the wife of Thomas Luster- 
 Three sons are residents of the county. Ira, a brother of 
 John and James, came three years later, and settled in the 
 neighborhood of his brothers. He was also at the head of 
 a family, haviug a wife and one son, John W. Ira died 
 in 1876. His widow is yet living at their old home in sec- 
 tion 28. Two of their children are citizens of the township. 
 Another pioneer of 1830, was Henry Ausmus, a native of 
 Tennessee. He came a single man, but soon afterwards 
 married Sarah Rigg, and settled in section 31. He after- 
 wards entered land in section 27, where he resided until 
 1875, when he moved to Texas. One of the children is a 
 resident of the township, Nancy, wife of Marion Bell- 
 George Simons came into the settlement the same year as 
 the above and located in section 32. He was also from 
 Tennessee. He came to the state a single man, and while 
 stepping in Morgan county married Sally Bell. The farm 
 he improved is now occupied by J. M. Clark. He moved 
 to the state of Missouri in about 1860, where he died. 
 
 The following named persons all settled here as early as 
 1830; David Shelby, Jesse Hunter, John Stinnett, a man by 
 the name of Sallie, Elisha Howard, the " Old Man " Stuart 
 and his three sons, and John Ausmus. Shelby came from 
 the South, and had a large family. He squatted in section 
 16, but remained only a few years, when he moved further 
 west. Hunter and Stinnett were brothers-in-law, and came 
 from Tennessee. Both had large families, and located in 
 section 1 . They subsequently moved near Rushville, where 
 they remained but a short time, when they went to some 
 other part of the West. The "Old man " Sallie located in 
 section 17. Like most of the others of that settlement, 
 he soon left for some point further west. Elisha Howard 
 was a perfect type of the Tennessee backwoods hunter. He 
 squatted in section 17. His family remained here until the 
 Nauvoo excitement, when they all went off with the Mor- 
 mons. The Stuarts left in about 1832. Mr. Ausmus loca- 
 ted in section 31. He came from Tennessee, and at his 
 coming had a wife and three sons, Henry, Philip, and John 
 B. He remained but a few years when he removed to 
 Adams County, where he afterwards died. The subsequent 
 
 settlements wereof a more permanent character. Most of the 
 first immigrants were from the South, and the winter of 
 the deep snow disgusted them with the climate, and they re- 
 mained but a short time, fearing another visitation of the 
 same kind. A substantial pioneer of 1831, was Richard 
 W. Rigg, a native of Virginia. When a mere lad his 
 parents moved to Kentucky. He here grew to manhood, and 
 married Elizabeth George, from which union three children 
 were born. Mrs. R. died in 181 8, and late in the following year, 
 Mr. Rigg was united in marriage with Martha Utterback. 
 In the fall of 1830, they moved to Illinois and stopped one 
 year in Morgan county. In 1831, they came to this part of 
 the county and located in section 1 7. The family then con- 
 sisted of eight children, Wm. T, Sarah, Elizabeth, Susan, 
 James N. Margaret, Peter, and John. Mr. Rigg bought 
 out the improvement of a man by the name of White. His 
 possessions consisted of a little log cabin and 80 acres of 
 land. It was on this farm that Mr. R., died in 1869. His 
 wife survived him eight years, her demise occurring in 1877. 
 Peter Rigg, one of the sons, now resides on the old farm. 
 William T., the oldest of the family, lives in section 32. He 
 is a well-to-do farmer, and like the pioneers before him, is 
 ever ready to entertain the wayfarer, and to talk about the 
 times of long ago. Another of the family, Susan A., wife 
 of Joshua P. Singleton, also lives in the township. George 
 Roberts was a prominent settler of 1832. He was a native 
 of Hartford, Connecticut, and when a small boy moved with 
 his parents to Massachusetts. Here in after years he mar- 
 ried Sarah Morse. In 1831, he concluded to try his fortune 
 in the " Far West." He accordingly set sail from Boston, 
 and came to New Orleans, and thence up the Mississippi 
 and Illinois rivers to what was then known as Ross's Ferry, 
 Fulton county. He remained here until fall, and then 
 moved to Adams county. The fall following of 1832, he 
 came to this county and located in sec. 20, Missouri town- 
 ship. Liking the place of Levin Green, they soon struck 
 up a bargain, and Green proceeded to move out and give 
 possession. The improvement consisted of a double log 
 house, and a few acres of cleared land. At this time Mr. 
 Roberts had six children, Hannah, John, Sarah, Thomas M., 
 Rachel and George H. One daughter was born here, Mary 
 R. The place was then principally in the state of nature, 
 being covered with heavy timber. Mr. Roberts cleared the 
 forest, and in time was the possessor of a good farm. Mrs. 
 R., died in 1836, only four years after their advent here 
 Mr. Roberts lived until the summer of 1859. Four of the 
 family are residents of the county, Hannah, widow of Moses 
 Winslow, John, George H., and Mary R., wife of A. A. 
 Hill. John is a prosperous farmer and lives on the old 
 homestead in section 20. Mr. Hill, the husband of Mary 
 R., is an old settler, and owns a good farm in section 29. 
 His father, B. F. Hill, came to the county in 1837, and loca- 
 ted in Versailles. He afterwards moved to Pike county, 
 and thence to Nebraska, and finally returned to Pike coun- 
 ty, where he died in 1881. Mr. A. A. Hill is the only one 
 i)f the family residing in the county. Thomas I. Beard, a 
 native of Kentucky, came here in the same year as Mr. 
 Roberts, and located in section 32, on the farm now owned
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 273 
 
 by Win. T. Rigg. His wife's maiden name was Catharine 
 Bell. The children were, Alexander, Jane, James, John, 
 Martha, Samuel, and Joseph. Mr. Beard resided here until 
 his death, which occurred about 1864. His wife lived 
 but a few years after his death. One son, John, resides at 
 Mt. Sterling. Among other early settlers were the Millers, 
 the Campbells, Robert Henly, James Riley, Jesse Rains, 
 Bonine, the Bateses, the " old man " Lemon, William 
 Smith, (commonly known as "Prairie" Smith), Sparrow- 
 hawk, J. P. Whitmore, R. Porter, the Coxes, B, Stubble- 
 field, Granville Bond (see Pea Ridge), Archy Turner, the 
 Clarks, and others. An event that created a great excite- 
 ment for miles around, was the loss of a child of Mr. Bonine 
 about 1838. The county was then thickly studded with 
 timber, and it was as much as a grown person could do, if 
 far from home, to find his way back unless he was very 
 familiar with the woods. It seems that one of the swine of 
 Mr. Bonine had strayed into the timber, and two of his 
 children, a little boy and girl went in search of the animal. 
 In two or three hours the girl returned alone, and stated 
 they had found the hog, but on starting home she and her 
 brother disagreed with regard to the right way home. They 
 accordingly separated, the girl, as already stated, finding 
 their cabin. The father was soon notified of the circum- 
 stance, and immediately went in search of his boy. Not 
 finding him, he soon gave the alarm to his neighbors. It 
 was now getting near night, but the search was continued 
 throughout the night and the following day and night. By 
 this time the news was spread abroad for miles around. Hun- 
 dreds were in the search, scouring the country in every di- 
 rection, but nothing could be discovered of the missing boy. 
 Day and night were the woods filled with people on foot and 
 on horseback. At night the torches flickered among the 
 tall trees, and the forest resounded with the hallooing of the 
 anxious hunters. After two or three days of diligent search 
 the people disbanded and gave up the hunt, believing that 
 the boy was beyond recovery. The father kept up the 
 search for more than a week, but his efforts were unavailing. 
 Some few months afterward a hunter's attention was at- 
 tracted to the movements of several buzzards that were hov- 
 ering near a certain spot. On investigation he found the 
 skeleton of a human body that was about the size of the lost 
 boy. He was about six years of age, and when found was 
 several miles from the cabin of his parents. The hunter 
 gathered up the bones, and what clothing was left, and con- 
 veyed them to Mr. Bonine. This is among the few trials 
 and troubles of the pioneers. It would take a volume to re- 
 cord even a small portion of what they endured for their 
 children, who are now enjoying the fruits of their labor. 
 
 North of the base line, the land did not come into market 
 until 1836, but several military claims were laid as early as 
 1817, among which are, October 6, 1817, Samuel Gonslave 
 received from the United States the southwest quarter of 
 section 8, and on the 28th of the same month transferred 
 the same to one Richard Wallace. David Hamilton entered 
 the northwest quarter of the same section at the same date, 
 and on the 22d of the same month transferred it to Elizabeth 
 Brown. December 9th, 1817, Aaron Noble entered the 
 35 
 
 S. W. i of section 10, George Purcell entered the 
 southwest quarter of section 29, November 6th, 1817. 
 Nathan Woolsey on the same day entered southwest quarter 
 of the same section. 
 
 As already stated, Levin Green was the first to brave the 
 wilderness, and it was his daughter who has the honor of 
 being the first bride. The groom was A. C. Sallie, son of 
 the pioneer previously mentioned. The ceremony took place 
 at the house of Levin Green the 2d day of August, 1831. 
 The marriage ceremony was performed by the father of the 
 bride, and it is told by the old settlers that Green's closing 
 remark in the ceremony was " Root, little hogs, or die." 
 We cannot vouch for the truth of this statement, but from 
 the character of the man it would not be hard to believe. 
 The first born was probably John Rigg, a son of Richard W. 
 Rigg, whose birth occurred Nov. 26th, 1832. The first 
 death was that of a child of Elisha Howard, in the summer 
 of 1830. The interment was on a little knoll in section 17, 
 on the Clark place. This was the first place of interment, 
 and it is yet used as such. George Lester taught the first 
 school in 1833. The school-house was situated in section 20, 
 near the dwelling of A. Campbell. It was a small log cabin 
 about 14x16 feet in dimensions, and the usual split-log floor 
 and benches of the day, were the main features. The first 
 sermon was preached by Levin Green in 1830. Among 
 other early preachers were Granville Bond, Rev. Winslow 
 and John Logan. The latter was a Baptist ; the former were 
 all of the Methodist Episcopal persuasion. The first church 
 building was erected about 1835, in section 25, by the Metho- 
 dists. The Baptist denomination built a house about three 
 years later, and it was situated in section 29, on the same 
 ground the present church stands. James Riley was the first 
 Justice of the Peace. Esquire Riley was an upright man- 
 He belonged to the church, and his integrity was not ques- 
 tioned by his pioneer neighbors. He moved to the State of 
 Texas in an early day, and there united with the church. 
 He could not refrain from speaking of the numerous snakes 
 at his old home in Brown county. The result was, a church 
 meeting was called and the poor old Esquire was dismissed 
 from the church. He had only told the truth, but the Tex- 
 ans were not prepared to swallow the old gentleman's snake 
 stories of the numerous dens in the ravines of Missouri 
 township, in the State of Illinois. Dr. Samuel Clarkson was » 
 the first practicing physician. He resided near Mt. Sterling. 
 Dr. John Irwin and J. N. Allen were also early physicians. 
 A man by the name of Shirtliff was the first to locate a 
 blacksmith shop in this township. This was about 1858, 
 and his shop was situated in section 19 Prior to this the 
 people had their work done in Mt. Sterling, and other con- 
 venient points outside of the precinct. The first mill was 
 constructed by Robert Henly in 1832 or '33. It was a water 
 mill, and situated in section 11 on Crooked creek, at the same 
 point that Scott's mill now stands. Indeed the latter 
 mill is simply an outgrowth of the former. The bolt 
 was then turned by hand, and one burr did the grind- 
 ing. It was rather a slow process, but answered well 
 the purposes of the day. As an example of some of the ups 
 and downs of those early times, we will here relate a little
 
 274 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 circumstance as given to us by one of the early settlers. A 
 stranger passing through the country, and desiring to find 
 out all about it with the view of locating, if it suited him, 
 stopped at the cabin of one of the pioneers to rest and refresh 
 himself He desired something to eat, and the good woman 
 was soon busily engaged in preparing his meal. While she 
 was running to and fro to get the best she had, the stranger 
 kept plying her with questions, — what conveniences they had 
 for milling, what they could raise to the best advantage, how 
 long they had been there, where they came from, etc. She 
 answered his questions as best she could, until finally be- 
 coming weary of his importunities, she broke forth, saying, 
 " If you want to know all about Illinois I can tell you in a 
 few words: It is a regular heaven for men and horses, but 
 is h — 1 on women and oxen ! " The stranger subsided- 
 
 Supervisors. — The following persons have represented the 
 township on the County Board : Alexander Campbell was 
 
 elected in 1854, and served for six successive terms. For 
 the years 1855 and 1857, he was chosen chairman of the 
 board. William Cullinan was elected in 1860, and served 
 one term. Alexander Campbell, re-elected in 1861 ; Wm. 
 Cullinan, re-elected in 1862 ; Wm. 0. F. Campbell, elected 
 in 1863, and served two terms ; E. ShirtlifT, elected in 1865, 
 and served two terms ; Alexander Campbell, re elected in 
 1867, and served two terms ; William Forsyth, elected in 
 1869 ; Nat. Clark, elected in 1870 ; Alexander Campbell, 
 re-elected in 1871, and served two terms, both years was 
 chosen chairman ; Richard Cook, elected in 1873 ; R. N. 
 Clark, elected in 1874, and served two terms ; E. J. Haley, 
 elected in 1876, and served two terms ; J. E. Singleton, 
 elected in 1878, served two terms ; E. J. Haley, re-elected 
 in 1880, served two terms ; Alexander J. Campbell, elected 
 in 1882, and is the present incumbent.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
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 Among the men of New England birth and ideas who 
 are now among the old residents of Brown county is John 
 Roberts of Missouri township. He is a native of Massa- 
 chusetts, and was born at Marblehead, fifteen miles from 
 Boston, on the 20th of November, 1817. His father, 
 George Roberts, was of Welsh descent, and was born at 
 Hartford, Connecticut. His mother, Sarah Morse, was a 
 native of Marblehead, and was descended from the old stock 
 which settled New England. His ancestors were not defi- 
 cient in patriotism, and in the war with England in 1812, 
 both his grandfather, Thomas Morse, and his father, George 
 Roberts, took part. The latter was one of the minute men 
 who guarded the New England coast, and also engaged in 
 the legalized privateering which was carried on during the 
 war. He was made prisoner by a British cruiser, and taken 
 to Halifax, Nova Scotia, and there confined for some time. 
 Mr. Roberts' grandfather was also captured by the British, 
 and was imprisoned at Dartmouth, England, till the close of 
 the war. George Roberts learned the trade of a shoemaker 
 at which he was employed till his removal to Illinois. He 
 left Massachusetts in 1831, and coming to Illinois tempora- 
 
 rily stopped on the banks of Spoon river in Fulton county 
 In the fall of the same year the family removed to Adams 
 county and settled near Houston on a branch of Bear creek, 
 and after remaining there a year came to what is now Brown 
 county, then a part of Schuyler. In the fall of 1832, the 
 family settled on section twenty of town one north, range 
 three west, now known as Missouri township. Mr. Roberts' 
 father here purchased a tract of land of which only ten acres 
 were then under cultivation. He lived on this farm for 
 many years. He died in Elkhorn township in 1859. The 
 death of his wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, 
 had occurred several years previous. 
 
 John Roberts was the third of a family of eight children. 
 Five are now living, one in Logan county and the others in 
 Brown county. He was thirteen years old at the time of the 
 removal of the family from Massachusetts to the West. His 
 opportunities for instruction were confined to his native state. 
 He was the oldest son, and after coming to Illinois was obliged 
 to remain at home and assist in the work of improving a 
 farm. It thus happened that he never attended school in 
 this state. He had however, laid the foundation of a good 
 
 275
 
 276 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 education in the schools of Massachusetts, and his knowledge 
 was thenceforward gained by the assiduous reading of news- 
 papers and books. By this means he accquired extensive 
 information on a great variety of subjects. His library is 
 one of the largest to be found on a farm in the county. He 
 was still living at home with his father when the news came 
 of the great discoveries of gold in California. He was one 
 of the thousands who set out for the Pacific coast in quest 
 of fortune. He left home on the 2d of April, 1849, and 
 reached the banks of the Sacramento river on the 30th of 
 the following September. He drove an ox team across the 
 plains and over the mountains, and in the course of his jour- 
 ney had a full taste of the hardships and inconveniences 
 which attended a journey to the Pacific slope in those early 
 days of travel across the continent. By mistake his com- 
 pany took a roundabout road, touching the southern part of 
 Oregon, and thus were delayed in reaching the gold diggings. 
 The party, as it set out from Brown county, was made up 
 of thirteen wagons. One of the members was John Bigler, 
 who became the first civil governor of California. Mr. 
 Roberts was in California nearly six years, during all of 
 which time he was engaged in digging gold on Feather riv- 
 er in Butte county, and vicinity. He was a member of the 
 first petit jury ever summoned in Butte county and voted 
 for the adoption of the constitution under which California 
 became a state His labors in the gold diggings were re- 
 munerative. 
 
 He returned to Illinois in the latter part of the year 
 1854. On the 27th of May, 1858, he married Mary 
 Bartlett. a native of Essex county, New York, who died on 
 the 2d of October, 1859. His marriage to Juliaette 
 Bartlett, his present wife, took place on the 9th of Feb- 
 ruary, 1860. Her father, Edwin Bartlett, was a native of 
 the state of New York, and came to Brown county in the 
 fall of 1852, settling at Mt. Sterling in this county. Her 
 mother, whose name before marriage was Susan Ann 
 Weatherly, was born in Vermont. Mr. Roberts has since 
 been living on the old homestead farm, originally settled by 
 his father. He has four children living, whose names are 
 Mary Ellsworth, John, Edward and Bertha. His farm, 
 situated in Missouri township, five miles north of Mt. Ster- 
 ling, consists of two hundred and ten acres. 
 
 His ideas on political subjects have always been of the 
 most pronounced and aggressive character. He early ac- 
 quired the habit of forming his own opinions, and of utter- 
 ing them without fear or hope of favor. The boldness and 
 audacity with which he spoke his sentiments may sometimes 
 have made him enemies, but no one could doubt his frank- 
 ness and sincerity. He was one of the pioneers of the an*i- 
 slavery movement in Brown county. As a Democrat in 
 1840, he voted for Martin Van Buren for president. From 
 his early youth he had entertained sentiments in opposition 
 to slavery, even at a time when there was little agitation on 
 the subject. ■ In 1848, his vote was again cast for Van Buren, 
 who this time, was the Free Soil candidate for the presiden- 
 tial office. Van Buren only received sixteen votes at this 
 election in Brown county, and nine of these were cast at the 
 polling place in the present Missouri township, where Mr. 
 
 Roberts resided. When the Republican party was organ- 
 ized a few years afterward he was one of its earliest members, 
 and no one was more active in securing the circulation of 
 Republican newspapers throughout the county, and in 
 seeking to spread in every way anti slavery sentiments. He 
 was outspoken in his views, and openly avowed himself an 
 " abolitionist " in the days when that term was the synonym 
 of the greatest unpopularity. He was one of the few in 
 Brown county, who in 1856, voted for Fremont for president- 
 As an old resident of the county his name appropriately 
 finds a place in these pages. His portrait appears at the 
 head of this sketch. 
 
 CAPTAIN ENOS P. McPHAIL (Deceased.) 
 
 Amoxg the soldiers from Brown county, in the war of 
 the rebellion, who deserve to be remembered for their pa- 
 trotism and valor, was Captain Enos P. McPhail, of the 
 Third Illinois Cavalry. He was a son of Angus McPhail, 
 now a resident of Lee township, and was born in Glasgow, 
 Scotland, on the 15th of September, 1833. The family 
 came to America in 1834, and after residing some time at 
 Toronto, Upper Canada, came to Illinois in 1838, first to 
 Rushville, in Schuyler county, and in January, 1840, to 
 Mt. Sterling. He was a boy, between six and seven years 
 of age, when he came to this county. He secured an edu- 
 cation in the common schools, and, on reaching manhood, 
 engaged in farming, in Lee township. He was married on 
 the 19th of January, 1860, to Minerva Pettigrew, daughter 
 of Moses Pettigrew, one of the early settlers of the eastern 
 part of the county. When the nation was startled by the 
 outbreak of the war of the rebellion, in 1861, Captain Mc- 
 Phail stood ready to offer his services in defense of his coun- 
 try. Though born on Scotia's shores, he had been reared 
 amid American institutions, and the blood of a patriot ran 
 through his veins. 
 
 Enlisting in a company organized in Brown county, he 
 was mustered into the United States' service, as first lieu- 
 tenant of Company G, on the 17th of August, 1861. Reach- 
 ing Springfield two days afterward, his regiment was dis- 
 patched to St Louis, and there joined the forces under Gen- 
 eral Fremont's command. The fall of 1861 was mainly 
 spent in southwest Missouri, and afterward the rebel forces 
 were pursued into Arkansas, and Captain McPhail and his 
 company were present at the battle of Pea Ridge. In April, 
 1862, he was commissioned as Captain. The regiment was 
 stationed some months at Helena, Arkansas, and subse- 
 quently joined the forces under General Grant, investing 
 Vicksburg. It was before Vicksburg that he met his death. 
 While riding, in company with some officers, some distance 
 from the enemy's lines, he was shot through the breast, on 
 the 22d of May, 1863. His death occurred three days 
 afterward. He was a man of fine physical proportions, and 
 was considered one of the best horsemen in the Union army. 
 He left one son, Eugene E. McPhail, born on the 23d of 
 October, 1861, after his departure to the war. His widow 
 I is now the wife of William N. Clark, of Missouri township.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 277 
 
 w 
 
 Of the early settlers of Brown county, the proud old com- 
 monwealth of Kentucky contributed a liberal share. Her 
 sons were foremost in seeking a home on the frontier, and to 
 the generous qualities of the big-hearted Kentuckians, is 
 largely due the free hospitality and social enjoyment which 
 prevailed in pioneer times. William Travis Rigg, of Mis- 
 souri township, is a descendant of one of these early Ken- 
 tucky families. His grandfather, Peter Rigg, came from 
 England, and settled in Virginia while it was yet a colony 
 of Great Britain. He was a soldier in the war of the Revo- 
 lution, and helped to secure the independence of the thirteen 
 colonies. His home in Virginia was on the Potomac river. 
 From Virginia, at an early period, he moved to Bourbon 
 county, Kentucky. He afterward lived about twenty years 
 in Anderson county, and then moved to Shelby county in 
 the same State, where he died. 
 
 Richard Watson Rigg, father of William T. Rigg, was 
 born in Virginia, in the year 1789. He was the second of 
 a family of six children. He grew up in Kentucky, and in 
 Anderson county of that State, married Elizabeth George. 
 She was born in Kentucky. Her father came from one of 
 the Carolinas. The marriage took place in the early part 
 of the year 1812. He lived in Kentucky till the fall of 
 1830, when he emigrated to Illinois, and after remaining one 
 year in Morgan county, six miles west of Jacksonville, came 
 
 to this county in the fall of 1831, and settled on section 20 
 of township one north, range three west, now known as Mis- 
 souri township. Brown county had not, at that time, been 
 organized. For eight years' he was a resident of Schuyler 
 county, till the present county of Brown was formed. He 
 improved a farm, on which he lived till his death on the 
 twenty-third of October, 1869. His first wife died on the 
 twenty-ninth of March, 1819. He married, as his second 
 wife, Peggy Utterback. His oldest child was William 
 Travis Rigg. The next youngest, Sarah, married Henry 
 Ausmus, and died on the seventeenth of April, 1852. The 
 remaining children were by his second marriage : Elizabeth, 
 married John B. Ausmus, and is now a resident of Texas ; 
 Susan A., is the wife of Joshua P. Singleton, of Missouri 
 township ; Eliza J., married James Parker, and died on the 
 thirtieth of August, 1855 ; James N. Rigg, is a resident of 
 Camden, Schuyler county ; Margaret, who married Abner 
 Cogburn, now lives in Hancock county ; Peter Rigg resides 
 on the old farm originally settled by his father ; John Rigg, 
 the youngest, died on the twenty-fourth of November, 1852. 
 William Travis Rigg was born in Anderson (then Frank- 
 lin) county, Kentucky, on the fourth day of November, 
 1813. His boyhood was spent in his native State. When 
 he was between five and six years old, his mother died. The 
 old-fashioned subscription schools of Kentucky were his
 
 278 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 means for obtaining an education. The schools which he at- 
 tended were held in log cabins. The benches were split 
 logs ; a huge fire place occupied the entire end of the 
 apartment, and the teachers were often as unskilled and in- 
 competent as the building was plain and poor. But in 
 structures such as these, some of the great men of the na- 
 tion laid the foundation of their future careers. He was 
 seventeen years old the fall his father moved with the family 
 to this state, and eighteen when they came to what is now 
 Brown county. He lived with his father till his marriage, 
 which occurred on the 7th of December, 1836, to Pur- 
 lina Clark, who was born on the 26th of October, 1815, in 
 Logan county, Kentucky. 
 
 Her parents were Abner Clark and Nancy Gorham. Her 
 father was born in North Carolina, in the year 1777 ; moved 
 to Logan county, Kentucky, came to this state in 1845, 
 and settled in section 19 of township one north, range 
 three west, He died on the 29th of August, 1849. Her 
 mother, Nancy Gorham, was born on the '^8th of December, 
 1783, in Virginia. When she was two years old, her father 
 moved with the family to Bourbon county, Kentucky. 
 She died on the 13th of December, 1846. 
 
 Abner and Mary Clark were married in Logan county, 
 Kentucky. They were the parents of ten children. Calvin, 
 the oldest, died in Ripley. Perneta married Benjamin 
 Adams, and is a resident of this county. William T. Clark 
 died in Schuyler county, on the 7th of March, 1855. 
 Harris M. Clark lives in Schuyler county. Mrs. Inetta 
 Wilgus died on the 1st of June, 1838. Delila, now Mrs. 
 George Coffman, lives in Brown county. The seventh child 
 is Mrs. Rigg. Mrs. Catharine Wilson died on the seventh 
 of June, 1841. Francis A. Clark lives in Missouri town- 
 ship, and the youngest son, Abner A. Clark, in Schuyler 
 county. 
 
 After his marriage, Mr. Rigg settled on his present farm, 
 in section 32, township one north, range three west. No 
 farm at that time, however, was in existence. About twenty 
 acres were under fence, but little progress had been made 
 towards the cultivation of crops. He moved into a log 
 house on this place, on the 7th of June, 1837. From 
 that time to the present, now within five years of half a cen- 
 tury, this spot has been his home. The old log house still 
 remains, and forms part of his present dwelling. Of his 
 five children, the oldest, Abner C. Rigg, is farming in Mis- 
 souri township. Richard W. Rigg was engaged in business 
 in Chicago, and died on the 31st day of March, 1872. 
 Sarah Catharine is the wife of Bradford B. Wilson, a resi- 
 dent of Schuyler county. Susan G. died at the age of six 
 years. The youngest, William Benjamin Clark, still resides 
 on the home farm. 
 
 In his political views, he was first attached to the old 
 Whig party. Like a true Kentuckian, in 1836, he gave 
 his first vote for president, to Henry Clay, the great Ken- 
 tucky statesman and orator. He remained a Whig as long 
 as that party had an active existence, and then affiliated with 
 the Democrats. Of late years, he has been an adherent of 
 neither of the leading political organizations, but has voted 
 for candidates with reference to their honesty, efficiency and 
 
 fitness for office, rather than in consideration of the party to 
 which they belonged. His connection with the Baptist 
 church reaches back over a period of almost forty years, 
 having become a member in Septtmber, 1843. He is a 
 member of the Mt. Pleasant Baptist church, one of the old- 
 est religious organizations in the county. Mrs. Rigg joined 
 the Cumberland Presbyterian church in 1844, in Kentucky. 
 One item of Mr. Rigg's life is well worthy of mention. He serv- 
 ed his country as a soldier in the Black Hawk war, and took 
 part in the campaign of 1832 as a member of Capt. Stin- 
 nett's company of Major Bogart's battalion. He was then 
 in his nineteenth year. No other man of his age has lived 
 so long in Missouri township. His time has been employed 
 in the management of his farm, and he has never aspired to 
 other than the private walks of life. His portrait appears 
 at the head of this sketch. 
 
 ABNER C. RIGG. 
 
 Abner C. Rigg, the oldest of the children of William 
 Travis and Purlina Rigg, whose history is given above, is a 
 native of Brown county, and was born on the farm on which 
 his father now lives in Missouri township, on the 1st of 
 November, 1837. He gained his education in the district 
 schools of the neighborhood of his home, and at Mt. Sterling. 
 The first school he attended was held in an old log structure 
 with slab benches, a relic of the pioneer school buildings of 
 the county, which now have happily disappeared and given 
 way to more modern structures. He was married on the 
 5th of November, 1868, to Mary Jane Singleton, a native 
 of Mason county, Kentucky, but who was raised in Platte 
 county, Missouri. Her father was William P. Singleton, 
 and her mother, Susan Ensor. After his marriage, Mr. Rigg 
 went to farming for himself in Missouri township. In 1871, 
 he moved to his present farm of one hundred and sixty acres 
 in section thirty of township one north, range three west. 
 He has six children, whose names are Susan N., Catharine 
 Elizabeth, Minnie, Helen, Richard W., and Ora L. He has 
 generally supported the Democratic party, casting his first 
 vote for a Democratic candidate for the Legislature in 1858, 
 the year of the memorable senatorial contest between Doug- 
 las and Lincoln. Within the last few years his views on 
 political subjects have been independent and liberal, and he 
 has been inclined to support the doctrines of the National 
 Greenback party. As one of the representative farmers of 
 the county his name is given a place in this work. 
 
 WILLIAM ANTHONY CLARK. 
 
 Logan County, Kentucky, was the birthplace of William 
 Anthony Clark, and he first saw the light of day on the 
 16th of February, 1811. His ancestors were residents of 
 North and South Carolina. His father, Thomas Clark, was 
 born in Orange county, North Carolina, in August, 1770. 
 His early home was not far from Guilford court-house, and
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 279 
 
 he could plainly hear the firing of the cannon while the bat- 
 tie was in progress at that place during the Revolutionary 
 war, and was accustomed to speak of this incident during 
 his later years. After the battle a division of the British 
 army was encamped for several days near his mother's house. 
 His father died when Thomas Clark was four or five years 
 old. He was raised in North Carolina. He was one of that 
 fearless band who braved the dangers of the wilderness and 
 the hardships of a pioneer life and made early settlements in 
 Kentucky. He made his home in Logan county of that 
 state about the year 1795. He was married in Logan coun- 
 ty to Mary Anthony, a native of South Carolina, and daugh- 
 ter of Philip Anthony, who also was an early settler of 
 Kentucky. Thomas Clark lived in Logan county, Ken- 
 tucky, till the fall of 1839, and then came to this state. He 
 died in what is now known as Missouri township of Brown 
 county, in 1847. 
 
 William Anthony Clark was the third of a family of 
 thirteen children, of whom twelve grew to mature years. 
 His boyhood and youth were spent in Logan county, Ken- 
 tucky. His opportunities for acquiring an education were 
 the same as those which were common in Kentucky sixty 
 years ago. These were subscription schools held in log cab- 
 ins. The benches were of split logs. The fire-place occu- 
 pied the entire end of the room. The windows were com- 
 monly of greased paper. Most of his education he gained 
 by reading and study outside of school hours and by actual 
 experience with the business affairs of life. He was mar- 
 ried in April, 1832, to Mahala Roberts, daughter of John 
 Roberts. She was born in Maryland, not far from George- 
 town, and was chiefly raised in Washington county, Virginia. 
 Mr. Clark lived in Logan county till 1837, and three of his 
 children were born there. 
 
 He then came to Illinois. He first rented land a mile and 
 a half southeast of Mt. Sterling, on which he lived one year. 
 He then entered eighty acres of land in the present Pea 
 Ridge township and improved a farm. After living there 
 five years he came to his present location, in. section seven- 
 teen, of township one north, range three west, (Missouri). 
 He has there since followed the peaceful and quiet life of a 
 tdler of the soil. With his two sons he owns the whole of 
 section seventeen of this township, with the exception of forty 
 acres. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have been the parents of six 
 children. The oldest, Mary E., is now the wife of Peter 
 Rigg. Sarah Jane married James Parker. Martha Ann is 
 the wife of Thomas Ausmus of Schuyler county. The two 
 sons, William N. and John Thomas, reside on the same sec- 
 tion as their father. Another daughter died in infancy. 
 
 In his politics, like a majority of Kentuckians, he was in 
 early days a Whig, and his first vote for president was given 
 to that great representative Kentuckian — Henry Clay. 
 Since the Whig party ended its existence, he has been a 
 Democrat. He has preferred the private walks of life to 
 holding public station, and his time has been busily and pro- 
 fitably spent in attention to his business interests and the 
 management of his farm. He became connected with the 
 Cumberland Presbyterian church in the year 1833, and has 
 since been a member of that denomination. 
 
 ALEXANDER CAMPBELL. 
 
 Alexander Campbell, a well-known citizen of Brown 
 county, is a native of Kentucky, though his ancestors, for- 
 merly lived in Orange county, North Carolina. His grand- 
 father, John Campbell, was of Scotch Irish stock, emi- 
 grating from Ireland, where he was born, to the United 
 States, and settled in North Carolina. He was a soldier in 
 the war of the Revolution, and was in the battles of the 
 Cowpens, King's Mountain and Guilford Court House. He 
 died in Logan county, Kentucky, of which he was a pioneer 
 settler. Owens Campbell, father of the subject of this 
 sketch, was born in Orange county, North Carolina, and was 
 a young man when he accompanied his father's family to 
 Kentucky. He was married in Logan county, Kentucky, to 
 Mary, daughter of William Clark Her father was also 
 from Orange county, North Carolina, and served in the 
 Revolutionary war. Owens Campbell resided in Logan 
 county, Kentucky, till his death, which occurred toward the 
 close of the war of 1812—14. He was strongly in favor of 
 the war with England then being carried on, and in a dis- 
 pute with a member of the Federal party who was opposed 
 to the prosecution of the war, he was killed. His death left 
 his widow with three children, all boys, of whom Alexander 
 was the second. 
 
 He was born in Logan county, Kentucky, on the twenty- 
 seven of June, 1813, and his boyhood was spent in the same 
 part of his native State. His mother was left with scanty 
 means, but she endeavored to raise her children the best she 
 could, teaching them to lead honest and upright lives, and 
 living to see them all become useful and respected citizens. 
 On the twenty-seventh of December, 1838, he married Mary, 
 daughter of Thomas Clark. In 1840 he came to Illinois, 
 and became a citizen of Brown county. He bought the 
 northwest quarter of section twenty, township one north, 
 range three west, (Missouri township) on which he settled, 
 and where he has since been living. He has been a success- 
 ful farmer, and at one time owned upward of a section of 
 land, part of which, however, he has given to his children. 
 Of his nine children four are now living. The oldest, A. 
 W. Campbell, is farming in Missouri township. A daugh- 
 ter, Susan, is the wife of J. W. Singleton. Alexander J. 
 Campbell is a farmer of Missouri township and the present 
 member of the board of supervisors from that portion of the 
 county. John Campbell, the youngest son, is also a resi- 
 dent of Missouri township. 
 
 He is a sincere believer in the principles of the Demo- 
 cratic party, and considers that they are best fitted to pre- 
 serve the free institutions of this country. He has voted for 
 every Democratic candidate for president since 1836, when 
 his vote helped to elevate Martin Van Buren to the presi- 
 dential chair. While a citizen of Kentucky he was an offi- 
 cer in the militia service of that State, and commanded the 
 Twenty-third regiment of Kentucky militia with a commis- 
 sion as lieutenant-colonel. He was elected and commissioned 
 a major in the Illinois militia after coming to this State, and 
 thus acquired the title by which he is known. He was 
 elected county commissioner, and as such served three terms
 
 280 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 in succession up to the adoption of township organization. 
 For two terms he was chairman of the board of county com- 
 missioners. He was the first member of the board of super- 
 visors elected from Missouri township, and served as super- 
 visor for eleven years. He was several times chosen chair- 
 man of the board. He has been elected three times justice 
 of the peace, and is now serving his third term. As a pub- 
 lic official he has been known as an honest and capable man, 
 and has discharged his various trusts with credit to himself 
 and satisfaction to the people. 
 
 ADAM WEIGAND. 
 
 This gentleman, one of the representative farmers and 
 business men of Missouri township, is a native of Muskin- 
 gum county, Ohio, and was born in Wayne township, six 
 miles southeast of Zanesville, on the 13th of May, 1845 ; his 
 father, John Weigand, was born in Hesse Cassel, Germany, 
 and came to the United States in the year 1833. He landed 
 in the city of Baltimore, where he lived for some time ; he 
 was married in that city to Elizabeth Leison, who came to 
 this country at about the same time her husband did. From 
 the city of Baltimore he came to Ohio, purchased land in 
 Wayne township, Muskingum county, and there* went to 
 farming ; his first purchase of land in Ohio was twenty acres, 
 which he subsequently sold and bought eighty; he came 
 from Ohio to Illinois in 1853, making the journey in wagons ; 
 he settled where his son, Adam Weigand, now lives on section 
 thirty-six, township one north, range three west. He here 
 became the owner of two hundred and forty acres of land ; 
 he died on the 19th of October, 1864; he had ten children, 
 of whom eight are now living, six sons and two daughters. 
 Of these three sons and one daughter reside in Kansas, and 
 the remaining children in this state. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was nine years old when he 
 came to this state, and was chiefly raised in this county ; his 
 opportunities for instruction at school were limited to about 
 three months. For his education he is indebted mainly to 
 his own efforts. On the 18th of January, 1870, he married 
 Christian Elizabeth Roathous, daughter of Andreas Roat- 
 hous. She was born at Quincy ; her mother's maiden name 
 was Tenk, and she is a niece of J. and J. H. Tenk and Joseph 
 Ricker, among the leading business men of Quincy. There 
 
 are four children living by this marriage, whose names are : 
 Cornelius, Joseph, Emily and Josephine Henrietta. In his 
 political belief Mr. Weigand has always been a follower of 
 the principles of the Democratic party ; his first vote for 
 president was cast for Horatio Seymour in 1868, and he has 
 been a Democrat ever since. He has been an active 
 member of that party, and generally done all in his power 
 toward the election of its candidates ; he carries on farming 
 and dealing in stock ; he is the owner of five hundred and 
 forty-five acres of land ; he had two brothers who served in 
 the army during the war of the Rebellion, Charles and Jacob 
 Weigand. Both were members of Company E, One 
 Hundred and Nineteenth regiment Illinois Volunteers, and 
 enlisted in 1862. Jacob served till the close of the war and 
 was wounded in the charge on Fort Blakeley, on Mobile 
 Bay, being shot through the leg by a cannister shot from one 
 of the last guns fired during the war of the Rebellion. Mr. 
 Weigand is one of the younger, enterprising business men 
 of the county. 
 
 DAVID J. RASH 
 
 Was born near Fulda, Hesse Cassel, Germany, January 6th, 
 1832, the second of five children of John Joseph and Bar- 
 bara (Grass) Rash. The family came to the United States 
 in March, 1833; his father had been a farmer in good cir- 
 cumstances in Germany, owning one hundred and twenty- 
 five acres of land. He settled near Zanesville, Ohio, and 
 lived there till 1853, when he came to Brown county, where 
 he died in 1856. The subject of this sketch was raised in 
 Ohio. He came to this state the year he was twenty-one, 
 and settled with his father in section thirty-five, township 
 one north, range three west. November 16th, 1851, he 
 married Margaret Crummy, a native of county Armagh, 
 Ireland, who came to this state from Kentucky, her 
 father was Bernard Crummy. Mr. Rash has seven children ; 
 Frank Andrew, Charles Daniel, Frederick Joseph, Mary 
 Ellen, Ida Elizabeth, Anna Louisa, and Edward David. 
 He is a Democrat in politics. He has served one term as 
 Collector of Missouri Township. He is the possessor of 
 two hundred and forty acres of land, and the owner of the 
 homestead farm on which his father settled on coming to 
 this country. 
 
 **e^^
 
 FREDERICK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 -«— *^VZ£ O /z/fcv-r- 
 
 and a half miles. 
 
 HIS is the smallest township in the 
 county, containing only twelve full sec- 
 tions, although there are several frac- 
 tional ones joining the Illinois river and 
 Sugar creek, which form the eastern 
 boundary line. The greater part of the 
 land is in T. 1N.R.1 E., with that 
 part of T. 2K.E.1E, that is west of 
 Sugar creek as far north as the south line 
 of section 7. Its greatest length is about 
 ten miles and the greatest width three 
 It is bounded north, east and south by 
 Browning township and the Illinois river respectively, and 
 west by Bainbridge and Rushville. The surface is broken, 
 with the exception.of a narrow strip of Illinois bottom. The 
 soil is rich and productive In the census of 1880, it is cred- 
 ited with having 38 farms and 490 population including the 
 town. 
 
 These lands were all subjected to military claims, by the 
 soldiers of the war of 1812, and the following are a few that 
 was located in T. 1 N. R. 1 E : December 3, 1817, Halzen 
 Richardson, N. E. i section 6, and William Bartlett, N. W. 
 I ofa section 6 on the same date. December 17, 1817, 
 Francis Hutchison, N. E. i of section 18 ; January 27, 1818, 
 William Anderson, N. W. i of section 9 ; August 4, 1818, 
 Stephen Page, N. W. i of section 17, and March 24, 1818, 
 John Glass, S. W. } of section 4. 
 
 The first settler in the township was James Lanny, an 
 Irishman. He located about half a mile northwest of 
 Fredericksville in 1825. He had a wife and three children. 
 In 1826, his wife died, and it is related that this was the 
 second death in the county. He stopped here but a few 
 years, and moved to Arkansas. Andrew Vance located 
 where Fredericksville now stands about the same time. 
 His old log cabin stood there for many yearsi as a witness of 
 his settlement Timothy Harris was also an early settler. 
 Edward White and his son-in law Doolittle, came at an 
 early date and located in the northern portion of the town- 
 ship. White settled theDarnell place on section 6, and Doo- 
 little settled the Brines place on section 31 of T. 2 N. R. 1 
 E. It was through this township that most of the early set- 
 tlers passed on their way into the county, after crossing 
 the river at Beardstown, and quite a number stopped within 
 its limits for a short time, until they became acquainted with 
 the country. That being the case, it is a difficult matter for 
 us to learn the names of many who first located here. There 
 are but few very old settlers in the township, the earliest of 
 those having located here as late as 1834, nearly ten years 
 36 
 
 after the first settlement was made, and they know but com- 
 paratively little about the first arrivals. Abraham Hol- 
 lingsworth was among the earliest settlers who became a 
 perminent resident of the county. He located on section 6 
 April 7, 1827. He was a native of Maryland, born in 1767, 
 and came to Illinois with his family in 1824, locating in 
 Morgan county, where he remained until his advent here. He 
 lived on his improvement in Frederick about two years, and 
 then entered land and moved north of Rushville, settling on 
 a small stream which has ever since been known as Hol- 
 lingsworth branch. He was one of the early Justices of the 
 peace, and died in 1837. He had a family of six sons and three 
 daughters, all of whom had families, and lived to a good 
 old age. Gabriel B., residing in Browning, at the age of 
 71 years, is the only one of the family now living. 
 
 John D. Wren, a Kentuckian, settled just north of Pleas- 
 ant View in 1829, and became an early settler in Frederick. 
 Lyman Utter came early in the thirties, and settled in T. 1 
 north, R. 1 east. He died several years ago, and had but 
 one child, a daughter, who became the wife of Jesse Dar- 
 nell, but died a few years after her marriage. Samuel Hea- 
 ton settled the Bellomy place, and had lived there a number 
 of years, when he sold out to Mr. B. 
 
 Jesse Darnell, a native of Ohio, came in 1834, and is still 
 residing on section 6, one of the old and respected citizens 
 of the county. 
 
 June 22, 1832, Anthony Messerer, a native German, came 
 to the county and entered the greater part of section 6 of T. 
 1 north, R. 1 east, and immediately located on it. He also 
 purchased a claim of a man named Saucer, who was then 
 living on the place, and had a cabin and an acre or two 
 cleared. Messerer reared a small family, and two of his 
 children are now living in the county — Elizabeth, wife of 
 H. M. Deane, in Fredericksville ; and Louisa, wife of B. F. 
 Redman, on the old homestead. He died in April, 1859, 
 and his wife survived until 1881. 
 
 Another German, Jacob Jacoba, located on the outskirts 
 of the village of Fredericksville in 1833 ; he died here in 
 1844, and his widow still survives. Andrew, a son of his, 
 is one of Fredericksville's merchants, and others of the chil- 
 dren are residents of the county. 
 
 Thomas Bellomy, a native of Virginia, emigrated to this 
 county, landing in the spring of 1835, and, as stated above, 
 bought out Samuel Heaton in section 6, where he settled and 
 remained until his death in 1876. He had a family of thir- 
 teen children, nine of whom are living, and all but two in the 
 county. Josiah F. resides in the old homestead. 
 
 Roswell Brines, who is a pioneer of 1827, located on his 
 
 281
 
 282 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 place in T. 2 north, R. 1 east, at an early day, and is still 
 living. The first years that he spent in the county (1827-'28) 
 were in the Chadsey settlement, with Acel, his brother, and 
 James Stillwell, who came with him to the county. He 
 married Delila, a daughter of John Norton, who came to 
 Schuyler as early as 1830, and remained about one year. 
 She is also living. Brines has seven children living. 
 
 Walter A. J. Black, a Virginian, came in 1837 and set- 
 tled in Bainbridge. In 1852 he moved to Fredericksville, 
 where he still resides. He had an early mill on Crooked 
 creek, ran a ferry from Beardstown to Fredericksville in 
 1848-49, and has served several years as supervisor of this 
 township. 
 
 John Utter deserves mention in this work as an e"arly re-* 
 sident of the state. He is a native of New York, and came 
 with his father, Henry Utter, to the Illinois territory in 1815, 
 settling in what is now Wabash county. He was born in 
 1810, being five years of age when he came to the country. 
 He has lived in the most eventful period of our nation's 
 history, and has seen the state that was then a wilderness, 
 transformed as it were by magic into a great and populous 
 commonwealth. He purchased the place he now resides on 
 in 1838 of William Skirven. It had been pre empted by a 
 man named Miller, and a man named Ruby had also lived 
 on the place before he became owner. 
 
 We have thus sketched a few of the earliest and most 
 prominent settlers in the township. There was no school- 
 house built until the one at Fredericksville was erect- 
 ed, and there never has been a house of worship in the town- 
 ship. Schuyler City was the name of a little place laid out 
 on Sugar creek, in section four, some years ago. There 
 was a landing made and a warehouse built at the mouth of 
 the creek, and some goods were sold there, but the place is 
 now a thing of the past. 
 
 We append a list of the supervisors who have repre- 
 sented Frederick township : Anthony Messerer was the first 
 elected, in 1854, and served eight years; Jesse Darnell 
 was elected in 1859; W. A. J. Black in 1860, and served 
 until 1866, when Charles M. Grimwood was elected, and 
 served until 1869. In 1869 Jesse Darnell was re-elected, 
 serving three years, being chairman of the board during 
 the whole time. In 1872 Emanuel Hinderer was elected, 
 and held the office three years, and was succeeded by 
 Walter A. J. Black. Jesse Darnell was again re-elected 
 in 1876, serving by re-election five years, acting chairman 
 of the board the latter four years of the time. John Hinton 
 was elected in 1881, and Herman C. Schultz in 1882. 
 
 FREDERICKSVILLE 
 
 was so named after its original proprietor, George Frederick 
 Jonte. It was laid out in the northwest quarter of section 
 17, and surveyed and platted by Allen Persinger, county 
 surveyor, May 12 and 13, 1836. 
 
 George Frederick Jonte and Frederick Merchant, both 
 Frenchmen, were early settlers at this point before the place 
 was laid out. The first goods were sold in the village by 
 
 Samuel P. Vail, in a log house. It contained a small stock 
 of groceries. Ransler Wells also had an early store, a mile 
 south, on the river, at a point called Erie, which was the 
 landing at that time. The principal business of the place 
 was established by Charles Farwell & Co., about 1844. 
 The first stock was kept in the old warehouse on the site of 
 the present one. The business soon increased so that it re- 
 quired five or six clerks, and it soon became necessary to 
 erect a store-house, which was completed in 1852. This was 
 built in the village proper, and is still used for a store, 
 being now occupied by E. M. Bradley. In 1848 Maro 
 Farwell, brother of Charles Farwell, who had been a partner 
 in Ohio, came and associated himself with the business, and 
 they continued together until 1877. About 1850 they es- 
 tablished a boat-yard and began the building of tug-boats, 
 steam- boats and barges of all descriptions. They also built 
 a stave factory and a pork-packing house. They packed as 
 many as twelve thousand hogs per year. They had some- 
 times from seventy to eighty men in their employ, and the 
 village had a much larger population than now. 
 
 At that time there were no railroads in this part of the 
 State, and all the towns, north and west, as far as Macomb, 
 did all their shipping at this point. Some days there were 
 as many as a hundred and fifty wagons loaded and unloaded 
 at the warehouse. Steamers, laden with cargoes expressly 
 for this place, came direct from Pittsburg, and it was con- 
 sidered one of the best points on the river between St. Louis 
 and Peoria. These were the best days of Fredericksville. 
 The river business was soon superceeded by the railroads, 
 and to-day there is comparatively little shipping done by 
 boats, yet it is an item in the business of the village. These 
 enterprising gentlemen were natives of New Hampshire, and 
 Maro Farwell is still a resident of the place, living a retired 
 life. 
 
 The first school was taught by Horatio Benton, in 1845. 
 A one-story frame school-house was erected in the village in 
 1846, and is now used as a town house. They have since 
 erected a fine brick one, two stories in height. It was con- 
 structed in 1871, under the supervision of directors D. C. 
 Linp, W. M. Grimwood, and David Curry, at a cost of three 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Frederick Flouring and Saw Mill was built several years 
 ago, by Joseph Littlefield. It is now owned and operated 
 by A. Wetmore. It is a three-story frame building, steam 
 power, and has a run of two burrs and one circular saw. 
 
 Physicians. — James E. Gillespie and D. C. Linn. 
 
 General Merchandise. — E. M. Bradley, Tice Misenhimer. 
 
 Drugs. — D. C. Linn. 
 
 Groceries and Hardware.— A. Jacoba. 
 
 Blacksmith Shop. — Louis Raubnau. 
 
 Wagon Shop. — M. Grimwood. 
 
 Agricultural Implements. — A. Jacoba. 
 
 Hotel, Deane House, H. M. Deane, proprietor. 
 
 Shoe Shop. — Emanuel Henry. 
 
 Post Master. — Grove Cunningham.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 ■»—•• » < 
 
 ' " v 's^f- 
 
 ^^uts 0<^x^r 
 
 Hon. Jesse Darnell, was born in Wayne county, Ohio, 
 October 4th, 1813. His father, Henry Darnell, was born in 
 Virginia, near the Potomac river, in the year 1767. He 
 was a volunteer in the Colonial army at the age of fourteen 
 years ; was in the battle of Yorktown and at the surrender 
 of Lord Cornwallis. At the age of twenty-five, he was 
 married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. Lee, a resident 
 of Virginia. His vocation was that of a farmer. The fruits 
 of this marriage were a family of nine children, of whom the 
 subject of this sketch is the youngest. In 1T97, Mr. Dar- 
 nell emigrated to Ohio, where his first wife died, in the year 
 1822. Mr. Darnell was married the second time. He died 
 at his residence in AVayne county, Ohio, in 1849. Jesse 
 Darnell emigrated to Warren county, Illinois, in 1833, and 
 in 1834, settled in Schuyler county, where he has since re- 
 
 sided. Soon after his arrival, he became a manufacturer of 
 fanning mills, and continued the same business until 1841. 
 In April, 1841, he married Miss Louisa, daughter of Lyman 
 Utter, Esq. They had a family of four children, one de- 
 ceased. Those living are all single, one daughter and two 
 sons. Mr. Darnell represented this district in the legislature 
 of Illinois, in 1848, 1849, being elected to that position by 
 the Democratic party. He also served the township of 
 Frederick eight terms as supervisor. Mr. Darnell has been 
 reasonably successful in the business pursuits of life, and his 
 history is identified with that of the early days of Schuyler 
 county. He is the father of the Hon. John M. Darnell, 
 who represented the counties of Schuyler and Fulton in the 
 legislature of Illinois in 1872 and 1873, and of James K. 
 Darnell, the present county clerk of Summit county, Colorado. 
 
 283
 
 284 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ^trU^^ *^C_ £zt-&^r-t^2^£_ 
 
 Born August 4th, 1843, in Frederick township; remained l the degree of B. S.; elected member of the Illinois Legisla- 
 
 on the farm until the fall of 1862 ; entered the preparatory ] ture in 1872, as the candidate of the Democratic party, 
 
 department of Lombard University, Galesburg, 111., at this serving one term ; was first clerk of the lower house of the 
 
 time remaining two years ; in September, 1864, entered the Twenty-ninth Assembly ; received from Michigan Univer- 
 
 Sophomore class in Michigan University, Ann Arbor, 
 Michigan, and graduated with the class of 1867, receiving 
 
 sity the honorary degree of M. S. in 1875.
 
 ELKHORN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 «-►» 
 
 ~V»- 
 
 |HIS township is situated in the southern 
 part of Brown county, bounded north 
 by Mt. Sterling, east by Versailles, south 
 by Perry county, and west by Buck- 
 horn. It occupies the whole of what is 
 geographically termed Congressional 
 township two south, range three west, 
 and contains about 23,040 acres of laud, 
 about one-fourth of which is timber. 
 The main belt of timber lies along the banks of McKee's 
 creek, and at many points is two mile's in width. It con- 
 sists of the various kinds of oak, ash, maple, walnut, etc., 
 that are usually found in this part of the State. The sur- 
 face, generally, is considerably broken, and in the vicinity 
 of McKee's creek, which crosses the entire township from 
 east to west, the bluffs are high and rugged. This stream, 
 for the most part, passes over a rocky bed, and sand and 
 calcareous rocks protrude from its banks, and from the side 
 of the bluffs. The rocks are sometimes quarried, and make 
 a good material for foundation and building purposes. Sand 
 suitable for masons' material, and fire-clay of a good qual- 
 ity, may also be found here. This is the largest interior 
 stream in Brown county ; its waters are clear and cool in 
 summer, which make it very desirable for stock purposes. 
 Together with the numerous tributaries it furnishes an admi- 
 rable system of drainage. The soil of Elkhorn is well 
 adapted for the growing of all kinds of grain and fruit, 
 which yield abundantly. There is also considerable atten- 
 tion paid to the raising of stock ; large flocks of sheep and 
 cattle may be seen at all times grazing on the hillside or 
 drinking from the cool, refreshing streams of the valley. 
 The improvements in Elkhorn compare well with those of 
 the surrounding ones; the roads, bridges, etc., are kept in 
 fair condition. The Wabash, St Louis & Pacific Railroad 
 crosses the northeast corner, and Gilbirdsport, on the line, 
 is the only village in the township. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The first white man to break the solitude of nature in 
 this township, and establish a home within iU limits, was 
 James C. Keid. a native of Tennessee, who caine to Illinois 
 in 1826, first stopping in Madison county one year, and then 
 pushing northward, he reached a place which suited him, 
 in the fall of 1827. The place selected by him was in sec- 
 tion twenty-four, on the top of the bluff overlooking and 
 east of McKee's creek, and is now owned by Erwin Perry. 
 He chose the site and entered the land because of its eligi- 
 
 bility of location for a mill. He brought with him a fam- 
 ily of eleven children, the larger number of whom were 
 grown, and able to assist him in the development of his new 
 home. The nearest neighbors to this pioneer were in Ver- 
 sailles township, three miles east. He immediately com- 
 menced the erection of a mill. It was a rude affair, the 
 motive power being supplied with the bawny arms of him- 
 self and sons, and only capable of grinding corn. He sub. 
 sequently built a water-mill upon the banks of the creek. 
 This was a grist and saw mill, the saw being what is known 
 as a sash saw, which was largely patronized. During his 
 life Mr. Reid filled the office of Justice of the Peace for 
 many years, and righted many wrongs. He died in 1876, 
 at the advanced age of ninety-two years. His sons were 
 John W. and Samuel H., who married and settled near 
 their father, and raised families. Although there was a large 
 family of eleven children brought here, only three bearing 
 that name are now living here. They are the children of John 
 W., and are John R., Luzenia, and Wilson M. Reid. The 
 rest have either died, or are scattered over other portions of 
 the country. Following the settlement of. James C. Reid, 
 came Thomas Reeves, a native of Ohio, and at the time of his 
 m gration a resident of Kentucky, where he had been taken 
 when a child. He married in Kentucky, and with his 
 family came to Illinois, first stopping in Versailles township, 
 and then removing to this township, in the fall of 1830. He 
 purchased one hundred and twenty acres of land in the 
 school section sixteen, and built a cabin in the bottom, near 
 the creek. His cabin was one of the fine dwellings in this 
 county at that time, as it was constructed of hewn logs. He 
 had just finished it, and moved his family within its hospit- 
 able walls, when the "deep snow" came, and covered the 
 ground to a depth of from four to five feet, and caused 
 untold suffering to man and beast, who were wholly 
 unprepared, as no such snow-fall was ever known before or 
 since. His nearest neighbors were Moses Stinson, who had 
 been living one and a half miles east, on the creek, about one 
 year, and had a small clearing made, and Joseph Groves, 
 Jr., who lived about two miles southwest of him. Groves 
 had been living there about a year. Mr. Reeves had a 
 large family, some of whom are scattered throughout the 
 west, and only one of whom, Nancy, wife of Hiram Jaques, 
 is now living in the county. About 1846, Mr. Reeves traded 
 his farm to Thomas Scanland, who now resides upon it. 
 Mr. Reeves now lives in southern Missouri, at an advanced 
 age. 
 
 John Bell was born somewhere in the Rocky Mountains 
 
 285
 
 286 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUN'MES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and came to Illinois, and settled southwest of Versailles 
 before 1830, and had a family of thirteen children, all of 
 whom grew up but two. Bell died there at the age of ninety- 
 eight years, some time between 1830 and 1840. He served 
 in the several wars; he has two children, yet living, John 
 and Martha, the wife of Jere Surratt, one of the old settlers 
 of the township ; his son, John, served in the Mexican war. 
 Shadrach Newenham moved into the settlement about 
 1835; his sons, William, John, Joel, Ab.-alom, Janus, Charles 
 and Lorenzo D., lived in the township, and several of their 
 descendants reside in the vicinity. Henry Cox, a native of 
 South Carolina, came from Kentucky and located in Elk- 
 horn in 1835, where he remained for six years, and then 
 removed to Iowa, and thence to Missouri, where he died. 
 The number of settlers was increased in 1836 by William 
 McDannold, a Kentuckian ; he brought with him a family, 
 two of whom now live in the township, a daughter, Margaret, 
 the wife of John C. McDannold, and a son, Gaorge W. 
 McDannold. In 1837, Hiram Jaques arrived in Brown 
 county ; he was a native of New York and was born 
 August 17th, 1814, being a man of twenty-four, when 
 he arrived in Illinois; he stopped at a place now known 
 as Jaques' Mill, and obtained employment in digging the 
 first mill-race, for a mill, in 1837. The mill was built 
 by his employers, Ayers & Lumbard. The mill was a frame 
 building, three stories high, with one run of burrs. It was 
 both a saw ami grist-mill. The following year, 1838, Mr. 
 Jaques selected Miss Nancy Reeves, the daughter of Thomas 
 Reeves, as his wile, and the young couple were married and 
 settled in the township, where, with the exception of three 
 or four years, he has continued to reside. He bought the 
 farm, together with the mill located upon it, which he 
 assisted in building when he first arrived in Illinois, from 
 Ayers & Lumbard, in 1846. The farm is a portion of sect. 
 16 ; he built a new water-mill, and later a fine steam-mill, 
 with two run of burrs. Several houses were built around 
 the mill site, and at one time there were two stores, a large 
 furniture factory, operated by steam, a blacksmith shop and 
 a post-office established, becoming quite a place of business 
 and known as Rochester. The first postmaster was Charles 
 Manker followed by A. Baldwin, Hiram Jaques, and at the 
 time of the discontinuance of the office Francis Norris was 
 postmaster. Now there is nothing remaining at that place 
 except the blacksmith shop of Harvey Pouder, the faw-mill 
 of a son of the pioneer, and Dr. S. W. Scanland. Mr. and 
 Mrs. Jaques are both living upon the old homestead, which 
 has been the scene of their joys and sorrows for nearly half 
 a century. Samuel McCoy and his brother.*, George W. and 
 Alexander, accompanied by their father, Samuel McCoy, Sr., 
 and their families found a home in Brown county, in 1*38. 
 Alexander McCoy chose Mt. Sterling township as his home, 
 and Samuel and George W. settled in Versailles township. 
 Alexander, the only survivor of the original family resides 
 in Shelby county, Illinois- The only one residing in 
 Brown county is George McCoy, the son of Alexander, who 
 resides in Elkhorn township the place of his birth in 1839. 
 Connecticut, the "nutmeg state," sent a3 her contribution to 
 western civilization, Samuel Baker, vho migrated to New 
 
 York, where he married Hannah Van Hyning, and then 
 came west, stopping first in Ohio and from thence to Illinois, 
 settling in Pike county, and then moving northward in 1839 
 or 1840 and settling in Brown county, this township; his 
 sons, James, Henry, Albert and Noah, who came with him, 
 married and settled in the township and bad families They 
 are all dead except James, who is living upon the old home- 
 stead at the advanced age of seventy-eight years. 
 
 Elijah Worden, John Flynn, Benjamin Perry, Elijah 
 Harp, James Baker, Samuel Hunter, James Rusk, John 
 Herring, Moses Slatten, William Morrell, Roger Sullivan, 
 John S. Wilson, Silas Campbell, Thomas Osborne, Thomas 
 O'Hara, H. C. Northern, James A. Perry, Sanford McDauiel, 
 Samuel Briggs, Absalom Gerrish, Sewell Gerrish and John 
 R. Reeves, were all old settlers, who did much by industry 
 to improve the county. A man by the name of Fitzgerald, 
 at an early day settled opposite Reid's on the flat near the 
 present iron bridge. Spencer Hall also settled upon section 
 24 at a very early day. Henry D. Ritter John Brown, 
 Frederick Kallasch, George W. Zimmerman, Andrew Mehl 
 and Jacob Zimmerman were among the early settlers and 
 were all Germans, who by their industry and energy have 
 added greatly to the prosperity of the township. Of the 
 uumber Henry D. Ritter has been a man of very great public 
 worth, having honorably and acceptably filled the office of 
 school trustee for eight years; constable, eight years; justic, 
 of the peace, twelve years ; assessor, twenty years ; collector 
 one year; supervisor, two years; sheriff, two years and a 
 candidate for the same office at the ensuing November elec- 
 tion, 1882 ; he has also been the school treasurer of this 
 township for the past twelve years and is the present incum- 
 bent. Several of the above official positions have been filled 
 by him at one and the same time, and in all he has proven 
 himself to be honest, capable and efficient. Besides the 
 mills mentioned in this article, was the water-mill built on 
 section 19, in 1835, by Mr. Huntley. Near Versailles, near 
 the east line of the township, in section 24, stands a two- 
 story frame building, formerly occupied by a Mr. Russell, as 
 a steam grist-mill ; but it is now deserted, and time with his 
 corroding hand is fast dilapidating the building. About the 
 year 1840, a large number of Mormons from Nauvoo, then 
 the holy city, settled throughout the township, and first 
 voted to build a church near the southwest part of this town- 
 ship ; but they subsequently came to the conclusion that a 
 point just south of Versailles was more suitable. The project 
 ultimately collapsed after the return of a commitee which 
 had been to consult with Joseph Smith, who advised against 
 it, and that it was not the proper time to build the edifice. 
 Schools and churches were early established and sustained. 
 The first patent from the United States to land in this town- 
 ship was granted to James C. Reid, and is dated October 1st, 
 1830, and conveyed to him the west half of the southwest 
 quarter of section 34 in township 2 south, range 3 west. The 
 subsequent early patents were granted James Frye for the 
 west half of the southwest quarter of section 13, on the 2d 
 of November, 1831 ; to John P. Ingram for the southwest 
 quarter of the southeast quarter of section 36, November 12, 
 1832; to Moses Stinson, for the north half of the northwest
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 287 
 
 quarter of section 14, and to Josiah Rose for the southwest 
 quarter of the southwest quarter of section 14, both being 
 dated February 21, 1833. This township has been ably 
 represented in the board of supervisors by the following 
 named gentlemen: In 1854, Moses Winslow was elected; 
 1855, Sanford McDaniel; 1856, Sewell Gerrish, who served 
 two consecutive terms; 1858, Sanford McDaniel; 1859, 
 Moses Winslow, two terms; 1861, Thomas Russell; 1862, 
 John George, who was re-elected three times in succession ; 
 1866, Sewell Gerrish ; 1867, John George, re-elected in 1868 
 and was chairman of the board ; 1869, Henry D. Ritter; 1870, 
 John George, chairman of the board; 1871, Fred Wenneker, 
 
 who was re-elected in 1872 ; Amos Baldwin elected 1873; 
 H. C. Northern elected in 1874 and served until 1875 ; D. 
 H. Perry elected in 1876 and served until 1878 ; Jesse Hill 
 elected in 1879 and served until 1881 ; Henry D. Ritter 
 elected in 1881 ; and the present representative elected in 
 1882, Henry C Northern. 
 
 Gilbirdsport is a station on the W., St. L. and P. Railway, 
 has but one general store kept by Luke Perry, and is situa^ 
 ted in the extreme northeastern part of the township. 
 
 The population of the township was 1,431 ; and Mary 
 Harbor, aged 96 years, was the oldest inhabitant according 
 to the census of 1880. 
 
 *g2Q .&&g&&&* 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 HENRY DANIEL RITTER. 
 
 Among the well-known citizens of foreign birth residing 
 in Brown county is Henry D. Ritter of Elkhorn township. 
 He has been a resident of the county since 1854, and has 
 filled numerous public positions. His parents were Michael 
 Ritter and Barbara Elizabeth Shaefer. His father was an 
 officer of the town of Wolf hagen, Hesse Cassel, Germany. 
 In that town, on the 6th day of August, 1819, was born 
 Henry D. Ritter, the oldest of seven children, of whom six 
 were boys and one a girl. According to the German sys 
 tem of instruction he went to school from the time he was 
 six till he was fourteen years old. After leaving school he 
 was employed a couple of years as copying clerk in public 
 offices in Wolfhagen, and subsequently at various occupa- 
 tions. 
 
 In the year 1845, thinking that he could do better for 
 himself in the new world, he came to America. Leaving 
 Bremen in April he landed at New York City after a voyage 
 in a sailing vessel of forty-one days. The same day on 
 which he wentou board the vessel at Bremen his father died, 
 a fact, however, of which he had no knowledge till after his 
 arrival in this country. Within six months of his landing 
 in New York he was seized with a light attack of the small- 
 pox. For eighteen months he worked in New York City at 
 polishing parasol and umbrella handles, and thus acquired 
 some skill as a painter. In 1847 he went to Harding county, 
 Virginia, and there followed the occupation of a painter. 
 On the 28th day of April, 1848, he married Lucinda Eliza- 
 beth Hall, who was born near Front Royal, in Warren coun- 
 ty, Virginia. For one year previous to his removal from 
 that state he held a commission as first lieutenant in a com- 
 
 pany of state militia. Leaving Virginia in the spring of 
 1850, he travelled with his family, then consisting of a wife 
 and one child, in a buggy across the mountains to Ohio. He 
 resided in Fayette county, Ohio, four years and a half, and 
 there continued his occupation as a painter. 
 
 In the fall of the year, 1854, he came to Brown county, 
 arriving on the first day of November. He spent the fol- 
 lowing winter in the edge of Pike county, and in the spring 
 settled where he now lives, on section twenty-three, of town- 
 ship two south, range three west. His capital on coming to 
 the county consisted of a wagon and team and seven hun- 
 dred dollars in money. He engaged in farming, though 
 most of the work done on the farm he hired, while he still 
 devoted considerable attention to painting. The next year 
 after his coming to the county he was elected constable, 
 an office which he held for eight years. He also served 
 eight years as justice of the peace. He was the second as- 
 sessor of Elkhorn township, and has filled that office for 
 about twenty years For seven years he was township trea- 
 surer. He represented Elkhorn township on the board of 
 supervisors two years, having been elected in 1869 and again 
 in 1881. He was elected coroner of Brown county in 1874, 
 and after filling that office four years he was elected sheriff 
 in 1878, serving till 1880. These facts show the estimation 
 in which he is held by the people of Elkhorn township and 
 of Brown county, as a man of tried integrity and business 
 ability. He has always been a Democrat, and has retained 
 the confidence of the members of the Democratic organiza- 
 tion in Brown county. Every public trust committed to his 
 care has been discharged with fidelity to the interrest'of the 
 people.
 
 288 
 
 HISTORY OF SCJIUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Of his eleven children nine are living. Those living are 
 Mary E, the wife of Calvin Hill ; Judy V., now Mrs. 
 Henry C. H'll ; Christina J., who married Calvin S. Hill; 
 Calvin Z., George W., Douglass Jackson, Eliza Jane, wife 
 of William R. McDaniel; James Henry Spencer, Franklin 
 Wildey. He is a self-made man. He arrived in America 
 from the old country with less than a dollar in his pocket, 
 his indomitable energy and ready shrewdnesj the only re- 
 sources on which he had to rely on his commencing life in 
 anew country and among strange people. He is the owner 
 of four hundred acres of land in Elkhorn township. A 
 view of his residence and farm appears elsewhere. 
 
 NOAH W. BAKER. 
 
 Noah W. Baker, one of the leading farmers of Elkhorn 
 township, was born in Summit county, Ohio, on the twenty- 
 fifth of June, 1835. His grandfather, Samuel Baker, came 
 to Ohio, from the State of New York. His father, James 
 Baker, was born in New York, and was grown at the time 
 the family settled in Ohio. He married Eliza Taylor, a 
 native of Connecticut. The subject of this biography was 
 the fifth of a family of eight children. When he was about 
 five years old, his father moved to Brown county, and set- 
 tled in section twenty-three of Elkhorn township, where he 
 still resides. Mr. Baker was raised in this county. In 1863, 
 he went to Nevada, and resided there for four years. Dur- 
 ing this time he was chiefly engaged in mining, and led the 
 rough, adventurous life common to a residence in a moun- 
 tainous mining district at that period. He returned to 
 Brown county, and in February, 1867, married Margaret 
 Greeuleaf, who was born and raised in Elkhorn township. 
 After his marriage, he settled down and went to farming. 
 He has six children, whose names are, Hattie, Perry, Susan, 
 Nellie, Frederick and Seth. He is one of the representative 
 farmers of his part of the county, and is the owner of three 
 hundred and forty acres of land. In his politics, he has 
 always been attached to the Democratic party, though his 
 attention has been directed to the management of his farm, 
 and he has never taken any part in public life. Ai a well- 
 known citizen of the county, his name appears in this work. 
 
 ANDREW MEHL. 
 
 Andrew Mehl, who has been a resident of Brown county 
 since 1866, is a native of Alsace (at his birth, a part of 
 France, now belonging to Germany), and was born within 
 seven miles of Strasburg, on the twenty-second of May, 
 1828. His' father was Adam Mehl. His mother's name 
 before marriage was Maria Eisman. Andrew was the fourth 
 of a family of seven children. The family emigrated to the 
 United States when he was four years old, landing at Balti- 
 more on the fourth of July, 1833. His father settled in 
 Monroe county, Ohio, and there Mr. Mehl was raised, at- 
 tending school in an old log school-house. His father was 
 a carpenter by trade, but principally followed farming after 
 
 coming to this country. He died when the subject of this 
 sketch was sixteen years old. As Mr. Mehl was the oldest 
 son at home, he took charge of the farm. On the sixteenth 
 of November, 1850, he married Elizabeth Schaub, who was 
 born at Rumbach, in Bavaria, He lived in Ohio till 1866, 
 when he came to Illinois, and settled where he now lives, on 
 section thirty-two of township two south, range two west 
 (Elkhorn), where he owns one hundred and sixty acres of 
 land. He has seven children, whose names are, George J., 
 John D., Mary C. Anna E., Elizabeth G, Rebecca L. and 
 Samuel A. The oldest son, George J., is a resident of Iowa. 
 Anna is the wife of Adam Zimmerman, of Pike county. 
 The other children are residents of this county. Mr. Mehl 
 cast his first presidentUl vote for Gen. Scott, in 1852, but 
 united with the Republican party when it was formed, and 
 was one of the supporters of John C Fremont for president 
 in 1856. He and his wife, since the year 1847, have been 
 members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and are now 
 connected with the Zion Methodist church in Pike county. 
 
 FRANKLIN MILLS, SR. 
 
 Franklin Mills, Senior, one of the representative citizens 
 of Elkhorn township, was born in Hartford county, Connec- 
 ticut, on the 17th of September, 1815 His ancestors 
 were among the early settlers of New England, emigrating 
 from Lincolnshire, England, to Massachusetts, in the year 
 1621. His grandfather, Jared Mills, a Baptist preacher, 
 was one of the early residents of Hartford county, Connec- 
 ticut, and there lived and died. He was the father of seven- 
 teen children, of whom Joel Mills, father of the subject of 
 this biography, was the next to the olde-t son. He resided 
 on a farm thirteen miles west of Hartford. There Franklin 
 Mills was raised. His mother's name before marriage was 
 Anna Russell. The public schools in the neighborhood of 
 his home afforded him good opportunities for obtaining an 
 education, the schools of Connecticut at that period being 
 superior to those of almost any other State. In 1837, he 
 came to Adams county in this State, entered land, and 
 engaged in farming. In 1843, he married Mary Y. Gil- 
 breath, a native of Fayette county, Ohio. He afterward 
 engaged in the wagon-making business, and in 1849 moved 
 to Perry, Pike county, where part of the time he carried on 
 business as a wagon-maker, and part of the time was engaged 
 in the mercantile business. Since 1856, he has resided on 
 his present farm, in section thirty-four, of township two 
 south, range three west. He has four sons and four daughters 
 living. Dr. George N. Mills, the oldest son, is practicing 
 medicine at Ripley. The others are William E., Franklin 
 Mills, Jr., Sarah Maria, wife of S. L. Johns, Anna, who 
 married J. H. Gillespie, Mary Louisa, Samuel, and Leah. 
 He was originally a Whig in politics, and his vote helped to 
 elect Harrison in 1840. When the Whig party dissolved he 
 became a Republican, and is one of the Republicans of Elk- 
 horn township who have adhered steadfastly to their Repub- 
 lican faith. While a resident of Pike county he served as 
 justice of the peace.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 289 
 
 GEORGE W. ZIMMERMAN. 
 
 Among the leading and enterprising farmers of Elkhorn 
 township is George W. Zimmerman. His father, George 
 Zimmerman, was a native of Germany. His mother's name 
 before her marriage was Anna Maria Lutz. George W. 
 Zimmerman was the oldest of a family of eight children. 
 He was born in the adjoining county of Pike, about a mile 
 south of the Brown county line, on the fifth day of August, 
 1837. He was raised in that part of Pike county, and 
 acquired a fair business education in the neighboring schools. 
 He lived at home till his marriage, -which occurred on 
 the 26th of December, 1859, to Lizzie Winter, who was 
 born in Calhoun county. She is the daughter of Peter 
 Winter. Soon after his marriage, Mr. Zimmerman engaged 
 in farming on his own account. Coming to Brown couuty, 
 
 he rented land in section twenty-nine of township two south , 
 range three west. At that time his sole capital consisted of 
 a good stock of enterprise, energy, and physical strength. 
 Accumulating some money, he bought one hundred acres of 
 land, which forms part of his present farm. He is now the 
 owner of two hundred and fifty-one acres. He is known as 
 one of the leading agriculturists of the southern part of the 
 county. His farm is kept in an excellent state of cultiva- 
 tion, and the buildings are considered the best in Elkhorn 
 township. A large new dwelling-house was erected in the 
 summer of 1882. He has three children, whose names are 
 William Perry, George Henry, and Louisa Angenette. 
 Three others died in infancy. In his political belief he was 
 at first a Democrat, but of late ye^rs has given his adherence 
 to the doctrines of the National Greenback party. 
 
 ■•efesg 
 
 3^^- 
 
 OAKLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 ->«8-o-8=«f- 
 
 (AKLAND township is located in the 
 northeastern portion of the county. It 
 is bounded on the north by McDonough 
 county, on the east by Fulton county, 
 on the south by Rushville, and on the 
 west by Littleton. Entering the town- 
 ship from Littleton on the west, at the 
 centre of section 7, the West Branch of 
 Sugar creek winds its way across the 
 township, finally discharging its waters 
 into Sugar creek in section 24, while along its entire course 
 it receives numerous tributaries from the north and south. 
 Sugar creek enters the township from the east at section 13 
 and flows through the sections immediately sou'h, making a 
 wide horse-shoe curve in sections 25 and 36 and passes out 
 of the township near the half section line of the latter, to the 
 seat. These streams furnish an ample supply of water for 
 stock, and afford excellent drainage for the entire township, 
 while Sugar creek furnishes a water supply for manufactur- 
 ing purposes not excelled in the state. The whole town- 
 ship was formerly covered with a forest of heavy timber of 
 the most valuable species, with the exception of the south- 
 west corner which is prairie of a very good quality. The 
 surface is much broken, though rich and fertile, and what 
 were origiually heavy forests in the northwestern portion 
 
 have been converted into finely improved farms by the 
 sturdy and energetic citizens. A somewhat wonderful freak 
 of nature occurred in the latter part of last April, on the 
 north half of section 27. A portion of a large hill in one 
 night sank straight down into the earth to a depth of forty- 
 five feet, carrying with it the heavy timber growing upon 
 its surface, and leaving the walls as perpendicular and smooth 
 as though excavated for a cellar. The portion that so sud- 
 denly sank is not less than five acres in area, and the trees 
 which were carried down with it remain upright, many of 
 their tops just reaching to the surface of the surrounding 
 country, while upon the topmost ledge stands one half of a 
 tree while the other half leans against the side of the wall at 
 the bottom of the subsidence, as though split off with an axe. 
 The bed of a creek some distance south was subjected to an 
 upheaval of some five feet and the channel of the stream di- 
 verted from its course, and a valuable bridge some distance 
 below was left standing high and dry, perfectly useless. 
 This phenomenon can not be called a land slide, as no por- 
 tion of the surrounding country is covered with any earth, 
 but remains the same as before the subsidence. 
 
 The township U the same in area with Congressional town- 
 ship 3 north, of range one west, of the fourth principal 
 meridian, and contains thirty-six full sections, and takes its 
 name from the fact that the principal timber was oak.
 
 290 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Many fine farms, handsome residences, commodious barns 
 are scattered throughout the township. The Rushville 
 branch of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railway, 
 enters the township, from the east, in section 13 and tra- 
 verses the eastern and southern portions, leaving it through 
 section 34, "affording direct communication with Chicago 
 and also shipping facilities. The first land disposed of by 
 the United States, in this township, by land warrants tn the 
 soldiers of 1812, were as follows : To Charles Rowe for the 
 S. W. i of section 2, October 6, 1817 ; to Amos Brown for 
 the N. E. i of section 8, October 25, 1817; Jacob Frier for 
 theS. E. i of section 8, November 8, 1817; Abraham Will- 
 man for the N. E. } of section 9, November 29, 1817 ; Robt 
 M. Wilson for the S. E. 1 of section 14, December 13, 1817 ; 
 and to George Maun for the N. E. \ of section 3, Dec. 27, 
 1817. 
 
 The first to enter the forests and hew out a house was 
 Richard Ashcraft, a sturdy pioneer who was born in Ken- 
 tucky. He there married a Miss Margaret Burress and 
 then came to Indiana, and started in a one-horse wag- 
 on for Illinois. He brought his all in this small wagon. 
 His family consisted besides his wife, of William, Abner and 
 Abisha, his children. When he reached Beard's ferry, he 
 had only thirty cents in money, and this he parted with, to 
 be landed on this side of the river. He moved onward, and 
 reached what is now Oakland township in November, 1832, 
 and selected a home on the S. W. I of the N. E. i 
 of section 25, where he built a log cabin and made his 
 family as comfortable as he could. The forests at that time 
 were free from underbrush, though the trees were large and 
 closely set During the winter his trusty gun furnished the 
 meat for his table. Being the first winter after the deep 
 snow the game was very poor and ofttimes scarce. Besides 
 procuring food for"his family, he cleared six acres of land, 
 by deadening the forest trees. In the spring he broke up his 
 ground with his own horse and the old-fashioned wooden 
 mould board plow, planted his corn and garden, perfectly 
 content with what little he possessed, and buoyed up with 
 bright hopes for the future. He struggled along through 
 the summer, continuing his labors about house aud farm. 
 From want of food and proper protection his horse died 
 before the next spring. He left his wife and children alone, 
 and went down Cedar creek to work for William McKee at 
 digging a mill-race His object was to get money to buy another 
 h rse. On the opening of spring, William McKee loaned 
 him a horse to put in another crop, and also, furnished him 
 with food and clothes for his family and took his pay in work. 
 From this time forward he was more successful, and lived 
 to see the wonderful change from an unbroken forest to a 
 succession of well kept farms. Some time after his arrival, 
 he became a professor of religion, and served the Lord as a 
 Baptist minister until his death which occurred in the town- 
 ship, where his son Abner now resides. Daniel Matheney 
 with his family, soon moved into the township, and became 
 a neighbor of Mr. Ashcraft. He came from Woodstock 
 township, where he had been living for some years, and set- 
 tled on the N. J of the N. W. i of section 25. He made 
 au improvement upon which he continued to reside for ' 
 
 several years and then emigrated to Iowa. William Bur- 
 ress, of Kentucky, a brother of Mr. Ashcraft's wife, arrived 
 in December, 1832, bringing a wife and one child direct 
 from his native state, and lived with his sister until he built 
 his cabin on theE. \ of the S. W. \ of section 25, where he con- 
 tinued to reside until his death. Josiah Do.wnen, with a 
 wife and one child, arrived in the neighborhood in the spring 
 of 1^33. He came in a wagon, built his cabin and com- 
 menced an improvement right on the E. £ of the S. E. } of 
 section 23, which he subsequently bought. He is now liv- 
 ing at an advanced age, feeble both in mind and body. 
 Joseph Logan and family further increased the number of 
 settlers in this neighbrhood, in the spring of 1834. He 
 came from the Hobart neighborhood, in Rushville, where he 
 had been living since the fall of 1831, and settled on the S. 
 E. J of section 23, built a cabin and commenced an improve- 
 ment right, which he sold in the fall of 1836, and moved to 
 Camden. His family consisted of nine persons. The popu- 
 lation was further increased in the spring of 1834 by the 
 arrival of William Lamb and family, six persons, from 
 Indiana. He settled on S. E. \ of section 26, built his cabin 
 and afterward moved away. Caleb Houston and family 
 arrived in the fall of 1834, took possession of the N. W. } of 
 the N. W. \ of section 27, and built his cabin in the midst of 
 the forest. He afterwards entered the land and died at his ori- 
 ginal home in the township. In the fall of 1835, Ephraitn 
 Hills arid family came from the vicinity of Rushville, where 
 they had been living several years, and settled on the S. W. 
 \ of section 31. His relative, Israel Hills, now resides on the 
 N. W. \ of section l,and may also be recognized as one of. the 
 pioneers of this township. A man by the name of Preston 
 settled on the S. E. i of section 22, made an improvement 
 and remained about two years. He came in the spring of 
 1835. Frederick Noble and family were also among the 
 early settlers, coming in the fall of 1834, and settled 
 on the N. W. \ of the S. W. i of section 24, building a cabin 
 and taking possession of the land under a settler's claim. 
 He died upon the placp, and his wife moved away. Thomas 
 Pemberton and family arrived in the fall of 1836 and took 
 possession of the S. W. J of section 1 1, where he lived until 
 his death. His sons, Judge E. J. Pemberton of Rushville 
 and H. C. Pemberton of Oakland, are prominent citizens of 
 the county. Nicholas Pittenger of Va. with a large family, 
 arrived from Fulton county in the summer of lfc37,en- 
 tered the S. W. i of section 13, built his cabin of round logs 
 and spent his days in the arduous toil of improving a farm 
 on which his aged widow and children now reside. When 
 Richard Ashcraft entered Oakland township his neanst 
 neighbors were living either in the Hobart settlement, in the 
 Black Woods of Fulton county, or where Astoria now stands. 
 The first marriage was that of John McGlothing and 
 Mary Lamb, at the residence of William Lamb, the bride 
 not being yet fourteen years of age. The first birth was 
 that of James Ashcraft, September 3, 1833, to Richard and 
 Margaret Ashcraft, who also suffered the first bereavement 
 by death, that of their son Abisha, who died in the spring 
 of 1833. His was the first burial in the first cemetery 
 within the township, now known as the Pittinger Graveyard,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 291 
 
 on the northwest quarter of the northwest'quarter of section 
 25. The first school was taught in the summer of 1835, in 
 the cabin which had been built by Frederick Noble, on the 
 southeast quarter of section 21, by the Mr. Preston before 
 mentioned. The pupils in attendance were Abiier and Wil- 
 liam, sons of Richard Ashcraft; Harriet, daughter of Wil- 
 liam Burress; Rebecca and Nancy, children of Josiah*Dow- 
 nen ; Benjamin, Martha Ann, Sarah Jane and Joseph S., 
 children of Joseph Logan ; and three children of the teach- 
 er. The term was three months, and the subscription was 
 $1.50 per month. Rev. Thomas Kane, a Free Will Baptist 
 minister, preached the first sermon, at the house of Richard 
 Ashcraft, in the fall of 1831. Revs. John P. Fast and 
 Richard Ashcraft, Free Will Baptists, and Rev. Deacon 
 Brown, Methodi-t, were the pioneer preachers. The first 
 church built in the township was a frame building, known 
 as the " Houston Church." Richard Ashcraft was the first 
 Justice of ihe Peace elected in the township, his commission 
 being dated February 10, 1840. The first physicians to 
 practice in the township were Drs. William H. Nance, from 
 Vermont, Rogers and Hall, of Rushville. The first post- 
 office was established in 1867, at the store of James Skiles, 
 on the northeast quarter of section 34, and was known as 
 Oil Hill post-office. James Skiles was the first postmaster, 
 and he also sold the first goods in the township. Joseph, 
 Billingsby had the first forge and did the blacksmithing for 
 the early settlers. The first crime committed in the town- 
 ship was the killing of a man by the name of Ashbrook. 
 His slayer was David Haines, with whom he had been gam- 
 bling and drinking, and ihe deed was done in a broil, the 
 instrument being a large club. Haines was sentenced to a 
 term of eighteen months in the penitentiary, upon a plea of 
 guilty of manslaughter, at a term of the Brown county cir- 
 cuit court, at Mt. Sterling! The first mill in the township 
 was a saw-mill, water-power, built by John Houston, on 
 the west branch of Sugar creek, near the Oil Hill post office. 
 The roads are kept in good condition, considering the 
 broken surface of the country, and the numerous streams 
 are spanned by substantial bridges, making travel safe and 
 convenient. Neat school-houses are distributed over the 
 township, and the education of the young receives proper 
 attention. A neat frame church is located upon the south- 
 east quarter of section 30. The township has had the follow- 
 ing representation in the board of supervisors: Nicholas 
 Pittenger was elected in 1854, and served five consecutive 
 terms; John Young in 1859, one term; Stephen Walker 
 in 1860, two terms; Samuel Hickam, one term; Enoch 
 Gillham in 1863, two terms, being chairman of the board in 
 1864; Stephen Walker in 1865, one term; Israel Hills in 
 1866, two terms; Richard Ashcraft in 1868, one year; Is 
 rael Hills in 1869, one year; Stephen Walker in 1870 one 
 year; George Wheelhouse in 1871, two terms; William 
 Baxter iu 1873, one term; Henry J. Foster one term; 
 Henry E. Pemberton in 1874, one term ; Henry J. Houston 
 in 1875. one term; Israel Hills in 1877, two terms; William 
 H. Baxter iu 1879, one term; Henry C Pemberton in 
 1880, one term; James P. Clarke iu 1881, one term, and 
 Edward J. Jones, the present incumbent, elected in 1882. 
 
 The population census of 1880 is given as 1261, and the 
 number of improved farms as 180, showing more farms 
 and a greater population than either of the other townships 
 of the northern tier. 
 
 OAKLAND VILLAGE. 
 
 On the 23d day of June, 1869, this village was laid out 
 upon the S. E } of seclion 26, by William Seachrist, and 
 surveyed and platted by J. W. Watts, the county surveyor. 
 The town is built along the base of the hill, and presents a 
 picturesque appearance, as one approaches it. The buildings 
 are neat and comfortable. It has a station upon the Chica- 
 go, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, Rushville branch, and 
 offers to the capitalist seeking an investment, a manufactur- 
 ing site rarely equaled. An inexhaustible supply of fine 
 timber, coal, building stone, potter's clay, water in abund- 
 ance at all seasons, and a mill site not surpassed anywhere. 
 The first house built, where the town now stands was the 
 rude log cabin of William Lamb, one of the pioneers of the 
 township. The first store erected before the town was plat- 
 ted, was a small one-story frame structure, built by James 
 Skiles, who removed his stock of goods and the post-office 
 there from Oil Hill ; when the name of the office was changed 
 to that of Ray, Mr. Skiles continued to act as postmaster. 
 The business firm became known as Skiles & Tracy. This 
 was in the spring of 1869. Richard Ashcraft kept the first 
 hotel. Garret Roberts, and Hoops & Pemberton had the 
 
 , first tile fact ry. Snowden & Aten built the first mill, a 
 
 ; water power saw mill on Cedar creek, when the town was 
 first located. The first church was erected in 1876, by all 
 
 j the different congregations, and is known as the Union 
 church. It is a neat frame building, and is under the con- 
 
 I troloftheM. E. congregation, of which the Rev. Ralph 
 Patterson is pastor. All denominations have the privilege 
 of holding religious services beneath its roof. The first 
 school house was completed in the spring of 1879, the old one 
 previously used being a half a mile south of the village. Mr. 
 Nicholas Pittenger was the first teacher, the first session 
 commencing in the fall of 1879. It is a neat and commodi- 
 ous building, furnished with improved furniture and appa- 
 ratus, and a term of seven months' duratun is maintained. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Tile Works. — There are two tile factories in the village. 
 One, now in operation, has a capital of $4 000, and employs 
 ten men, using one kiln. It is owned by Winner & Pem- 
 berton. Another is now being built by Rufus Porter at a 
 cost of $5,000, and when in operation will employ twenty- 
 five men. The tile building is a large frame, covered with 
 sheet iron. Its dimensions are 150 feet by 32 feet, with an 
 additional width of 10 feet, at the end in which the engine is 
 placed. Four large kilns are now undergoing construction, 
 and the number will be increased in the future. 
 
 Orain Elevator. — The grain elevator is a frame building 
 24 feet by 24 feet, two stories high, and was built by Messrs. 
 Wilson & Graff, in 1879, at a cost of $1,000, the present
 
 292 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 proprietors, who ship 40,000 bushels of wheat annually. Two 
 men find employment in the business. A good pair of plat- 
 form scales are connected with the elevator. 
 
 Saw Mill. — The date of building this mill is given above. 
 It is owned and operated by Cornelius Ateu, aud manufac- 
 tures large quantities of hard lumber, which finds a ready 
 sale. Five men find employment in this industrial establish- 
 ment. 
 
 General Store. — Wilson & Graff. 
 
 Drug Store — Mrs. Sarah Baxter. 
 
 Postmaster. — William Baxter. 
 
 Physician — Dr. R. M. Barnes. 
 
 Hotels. — Abner W inner and Marion Woods. 
 
 Blacksmith. — John Sullivan. 
 
 Wagonmakers. — Bowers <fc Markell. 
 
 Carpenters. — David S Moore and Jesse Pemberton. 
 
 Cooper Shop. — Calvin Boyles. 
 
 Shoemaker. — James H. Dunn.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 
 
 ^^C/^cv^u^^u^r 
 
 Robert M. Barnes, M. D , is the sou of Marmadukeand 
 Jane S. Barnes, and was born in Park county, Indiana, 
 May 8, 1841. When he was twelve years old, he moved with 
 his parents to Iowa, and settled in Davis county, where he re- 
 mained until the rebellion broke out, when he volunteered 
 his services to Company G, Twenty-first Missouri Regiment 
 of Infantry, and in 1863, for valiant service and good con- 
 duct, was promoted to Lieutenant, and took command of 
 his company, and remained as such until peace was restored, 
 when, with his regiment, he was honorably mustered out, 
 and returned home. Immediately after his return, he asso- 
 
 ciated himself with the Keokuk Medical College, where he 
 read and studied medicine, and commenced the practice in 
 1867. He practiced his profession in several places until 
 1873, when he located permanently in Ray, Schuyler county, 
 Illinois, where he has successfully followed the practice of 
 his profession, and commands the confidence and respect of 
 the community. In June, 1866, he was married to Miss. 
 Susan Halbert, of Hancock county, Illinois. The fruits of 
 this marriage have been six children, only three of whom are 
 living. Dr. Barnes is an enterprising man. 
 
 293
 
 VERSAILLES TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 ♦ V o— v»- 
 
 HE history of the early settlements and 
 subsequent progress and development of 
 the township and town of Versailles pre- 
 sents many features that are interesting. 
 A retrospection of sixty years would 
 carry us beyond the time when the first 
 white settler had trodden upon its site, 
 to the time when it constituted part of a 
 dreary wilderness, before civilization 
 had penetrated its solitude, or the voice 
 of the pioneer echoed amid its timbered shade. The pioneers 
 were a hardy race. That it was successful, was owing to 
 the dauntless a->d persevering energy of the first settlers, for 
 it was no enviable task to clear the forest, break the prairie, 
 and undergo the hardships incident to genuine pioneer life. 
 Those early settlers were of one origin, language, religion, 
 with political and patriotic sentiments identical with a com- 
 moi history and the same traditions. They were of the in- 
 telligent working class, and brought with them little that 
 this world calls wealth, but what is better, strong arms and 
 willing hearts, and set to work, having community of pur- 
 pose, which they pursued by the same methods a- d in the 
 same field, with results not widely dissimilar. The journey, 
 arrival, fortune, and career of almost any one of those reso- 
 lute, vigorous, thrifty pioneer families, was the counterpart 
 of the history of all the others. 
 
 This township is situated in the southeast corner of the 
 county, bounded on the north by Cooperstown, on the east 
 by the Illinois river, south by Pike county, and west by 
 Elkhorn. It contains the whole of T. 2 S., R. 2 W., except- 
 ing sections 16, 24, 25, and 36, which are only fractional, 
 the river passing through them, and the whole of section 6 
 and part of sections 5 and 7 of T. 1 S , R. 2 W. The chief 
 streams which water and drain the laud are the Illinois 
 river, McKee's and Camp creeks. There are also other 
 small tributaries of the Illinois river and the creeks that 
 assist in carrying oft" the surface water. Originally, nearly 
 the whole surface was covered with a heavy growth of tim- 
 ber, the greater part of which has been cleared and made 
 into rich and well improved farms, yet there is a sufficient 
 amount remaining for all local demands. There are embraced 
 among the varieties the different kinds of oaks, ash, sugar 
 maple, walnut, hickory, sycamore, and elm. The surface is 
 divided between bottom and upland, the former being about 
 one-third to two-thirds of the latter. The bottom land is 
 composed of a deep alluvial deposit, which in fertility is not 
 surpassed by any soil in the country. In extremely wet 
 294 
 
 seasons, as it is this year, it is almost impossible to raise a 
 crop, unless it is made late in the season, but in favorable 
 years it produces enormous crops of corn and grass It ex- 
 tends in width from one to four miles, from the river to the 
 b'uffs, which form a chain passing in a southeasterly course 
 across the township. In many places these bluffs are very 
 rugged, while others slope gracefully into the bottom lands, 
 sometimes at a distance of half a mile or more. The gen- 
 eral surface of the uplands is rolling prairie, and in some 
 parts quite broken, especially so on approaching the small 
 water courses. The soil is rich and peculiarly adapted to 
 the raising of the smaller grains of which it produces abun- 
 dant crops. The township is well supplied with good wagon 
 roads running in every direction, and the Wabash, St. Louis 
 and Pacific railroad enters it in the southeast corner of sec- 
 tion 35, and passing in a northwesterly direction through 
 the town of Versailles, leaves the township on the west line 
 of section 7. This road furnishes to the agriculturist and 
 manufacturer excellent facilities for the shipment of their 
 products and wares from either the town of Versailles or 
 Perry Spring Station. There is also considerable shipping 
 done on the river, it being cheaper and more direct to St. 
 Louis and some other markets. Considering all the advan- 
 tages of Versailles, it is not surprising that it was prosperous, 
 and became one of the wealthiest and most populous town- 
 ships in the county. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 In the. spring of 1824 there might have been seen under 
 the bluffs, near the east bank of Camp creek a party of 
 four men wielding their axes in felling the forest, clearing 
 the undergrowth and blazing the way for future civilization. 
 This little band consisted of the sturdy pioneer, Cornelius 
 Vandeventer and his three sons, William, Peter S., and 
 Elihu. They cleared, and with a yoke of oxen, broke six or 
 eight acres of the stubborn sod, and planted it with corn, 
 which they enclosed with a fence, and cultivated until the 
 20th of June, when they left it in Nature's care and re- 
 turned to the " Sanganio country " to rejoin their family. 
 
 Before going further with the detail of this settlement, it 
 is necessary to give a short sketch of our subject Cornelius 
 Vandeventer was born in Virginia in the year 1783. His 
 father, Jacob Vandeventer, was a native of Holland, and 
 came to America prior to the Revolutionary war, in which 
 he served as a soldier in the Virginia militia. Of his family, 
 three sons, Cornelius, Jacob and Peter, came to this county. 
 About 1810, these three brothers, with their families, emi-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 295 
 
 grated from their native state to Madison county, Ohio, 
 where they were among the earliest settlers. From here 
 Jacob went to the war of 1812, being in General Harrison's 
 army. In the year 1823, Cornelius Vandeventer and his 
 brother-in-law, William McFarland, and their families, left 
 Ohio for this state, the former proceeding by way of the 
 Ohio river, and the latter traveling overland with their 
 stock. Vandeventer spent the winter of 1823-'24 with his 
 brother-in-law, Hamilton Nighswonger, at Shawneetown, 
 Ills., and in the spring of 1824 proceeded to Sangamon 
 county in search of McFarland, who had wintered near 
 where Springfield is now located. He had some difficulty 
 in finding the family, and when he finally learned of their 
 whereabouts, he was surprised on being informed that the 
 head of the family (William McFarland) was dead. It was 
 from here, as mentioned above, that Vandeventer and his 
 sons came to this county to select a home. They came in a 
 covered wagon, drawn by a yoke of oxen, and leading a 
 mare, crossing the river at Naples. Here the bluffs of Camp 
 creek were pointed out to them, and, leading in that direc- 
 tion, they started, traveling through the river bottom, which 
 was so wet and soft as to make it a very slow and hard jour- 
 ney. When they had approached the bluffs near enough to 
 discern the wild and suspicious forms that were gliding 
 around among the trees, it gave the old pioneer considerable 
 uneasiness, for he knew well the treachery of the red man. 
 But Vandeventer was a man who had long braved the dan- 
 gers of frontier life, and one who was well fitted to defend 
 himself in the wilderness that he had decided to make his 
 future abode. Those hardy pioneers never looked backward, 
 but pushed on with that determination that knows not fear. 
 On approaching them, what was his pleasing surprise to see 
 them coming with extended hands to welcome him. This 
 was a band of Indians that had collected here to make maple 
 sugar. The party consisted of Indians belonging to several 
 tribes — the Kickapoos, Sacs, Fox, and Miamis principally. 
 They had several wigwams scattered around in the ravine, 
 in section 15, and it was their custom to come here every 
 spring and manufacture sugar, which they carried away in 
 large quantities. The tract that he selected was in the N. E. 
 quarter of section 14. There was a " squatter" by the name 
 of Sheppard who had located at this point a year or two be- 
 fore, and had erected a small pole cabin and girdled the 
 trees over about six or eight acres of laud at the foot of the 
 bluff, which was the tract that Vandeventer selected, and 
 which he cleared and put in with corn, as above stated. 
 Sheppard's cabin had been destroyed by fire, as the partially 
 burned poles were lying in a mass on the spot where it once 
 stood. 
 
 We have stated that after tending his corn until late in 
 June he returned to Sangamon. Early in the fall Vande- 
 venter brought his family and the widow McFarland and 
 her family, in wagons, to their new home, moving into the 
 cabin that he had built the spring previously. The corn 
 had ripened and was ready for gathering, which was done, 
 and preparations were made for winter. Thus have we 
 described the first settlement in not only Versailles town- 
 ship, but the first in what is now Brown county. 
 
 Mr. Vandeventer was twice married, the first time to 
 Elizabeth Hyer, who died September 5, 1825, being the first 
 death that occurred in the county. He was married the 
 second time to the widow of William McFarland. His 
 family consisted of nine children, five sons and two daugh- 
 ters by his first wife, and two daughters by the latter. 
 Their names were : William, Peter Slater, Joseph, Elihu 
 and Eliza, who died at the age of fifteen, — children of his 
 first wife ; William and Peter S. died bachelors, and Joseph 
 died the winter of the " deep snow." Elihu, who was born 
 in Ohio, December 22, 1810, is the only one that had any 
 family. He has been twice married, and reared four child- 
 dren, all of whom are living. He has always resided near 
 where he first settled, and is now in the seventy-second year 
 of his age, the oldest settler in the county, and although 
 crippled with rheumatism so that he is unable to walk, his 
 mind is yet clear, and he delights in telling of the olden 
 time. He has lived to see the country transformed, as 
 though by magic, from a wilderness to a rich and populous 
 county. The old pioneer, Cornelius, lived on the place 
 where he first settled until his death, October 17, 1865, aged 
 eighty-two years, seven months and fourteen days. He was 
 the earliest justice of the peace in this section of country, 
 and was generally known as Esquire Vandeventer, and 
 held other offices in the early history of both Schuyler and 
 Brown counties. He was a kind husband and father, hon- 
 orable and upright citizen, loved and respected by all who 
 knew him. A portrait of him can be seen on another page 
 of this work. 
 
 The McFarland family who came with Vandeventer, 
 landing September 7, 1824, settled near him. The family 
 consisted of Mrs McFarland and four sons, — Robert N., 
 William H., Nathaniel and Benjamin W. Of these Robert 
 N. and Benjamin W. were married and had families, and 
 they are all dead excepting Robert N., who resides just east 
 of the town of Versailles. 
 
 The next settler was Dr. Isaac Vandeventer, son of Wil- 
 liam Vandeventer, and a nephew of the old Esquire. He 
 and his young wife came together from Virginia, their na- 
 tive state, in a wagon drawn by one horse, arriving: in the 
 fall of 1825. They reached the old squire's Eestate in the 
 evening, and stopped with him until they could build a 
 cabin of their own, which they did on section 15, just at the 
 foot of the bluff. This was half-a-mile or more from his 
 uncle Cornelius' cabin, and those were the only two cabins 
 in the county at that date and for some time afterwards. 
 Isaac cleared and made a farm, and was an early school- 
 teacher in this country. He taught a school in Naples, 
 now in Scott county, the first in this portion of Illinois. In 
 1827 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Ross, at Atlas, 
 in Pike county, and graduated at the Cincinnati Medical Col- 
 lege in 1830 ; returned home and began the practice of his 
 profession. He was the first physician here, and for many 
 years had a large practice, extending his visits as far as 
 Jacksonville, Griggsville, Rushville, Quincy, etc. His 
 death occurred August 2, 1851, of cholera. His widow 
 married George Scripps, who also left her a widow. At 
 her death she was buried beside her first husband in the
 
 296 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 old Bluffs graveyard on section 14. Dr. Vandeventer died 
 without issue. In his life, the doctor was an active man 
 and quite a prominent politician. He was a Whig and made 
 several races for office, twice for the senate, and once for 
 congress, against Stephen A. Douglas, but was never 
 elected, the Democratic party being largely in the ascen- | 
 dancy. 
 
 The first resident north of the bluffs was Hamilton Nighs- 
 wonger. He was of Scotch-Irish descent born in Ohio, and 
 migrated here with his family in the spring of 1826, settling 
 in section 17. He erected his little cabin on the N. E. i, 
 about one hundred yards inside of the present limits of the 
 town of Versailles. He was a brother-in-law of Cornelius 
 Vandeventer. He resided here until his death, in 1855. 
 He had a family of seven children, only two of whom sur- 
 vive, Peter, who resides in the township and Emily, the 
 wife of James H. Pettigrew, in Cooperstown. Others of the 
 family reared children, who are yet in the county. 
 
 It was not until 1827 that the settlement was increased, 
 when John P. Hambaugh and George Lampkin made their 
 appearance: These two men were residing at Edwardsville, 
 Madison county, Illinois, at the time, and it was in the win- 
 ter of that year they left there on foot traveling northward 
 in search of vacant lands. After traveling about three days 
 over the prairies and through the timber and tangled under- 
 growth they reached Naples, a distance of over one hundred 
 miles. Here they were informed that by traveling north, 
 ward for about ten miles there could be found very choice 
 vacant lands, which direction they pursued, crossing the 
 river at the mouth of McKee's creek, thence through the 
 bottom heading for the bluffs about a mile east of where the 
 Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific railroad now enters them. 
 Reaching the forest near the bluffs they proceeded to explore 
 the region. They traveled, however, but a short distance in 
 the timber, there being such a heavy growth of underbrush 
 as to make it almost impenetrable, but gradually worked 
 their way along the bluffi to Camp creek, stopping at Es- 
 quire Vandeventer's. Lampkin and Hambaugh erected a 
 log cabin on section 33, where now stands the Martin resi- 
 dence. After its completion they returned to Edwardsville, 
 walking again the entire distance in three days, having been 
 absent about three weeks. This was in the month of Feb- 
 ruary, 1827, and in March they loaded a two-horse wagon 
 and started with the intention of making this their perma- 
 nent home. Mr. Lampkin had been recently married, and 
 he brought his young bride, Mr. Hambaugh also accom. 
 panyiug him. John P. selected the land and made the first 
 improvements on the N. E. 1 of section 28, where the Ham- 
 baughs settled and always resided. The laud was not then 
 in market, but each actual settler had the privilege of pre- 
 empting eighty acres. Following these were John Stone 
 and Samuel Root, with their families, early in 1828. Mr. 
 Stone was a native of Vermont, but while young went to 
 Kentucky with his father's family. He settled on section 
 28, in the N. W. quarter, and lived there until his death. 
 There came with him his wife, two sons aud one daughter, 
 viz : Erastus, Mirando and Elmina, all grown. Both the 
 sons married and settled here, and Elmina was married dur- 
 
 ing the winter of the deep snow, to Stephen D. Hambaugh, 
 and is the only one of the family living. Mirando was a 
 shoe-maker and made all the boots and shoes for the pio- 
 neers in this neighborhood. He died in August, 1860, his 
 brother having died a few years previously, but several of 
 their descendants are still living here. Samuel Root was 
 born in Vermont and was an early emigrant in Kentucky. 
 His family consisted of Erasti's, Roswell I , Cynthia and 
 her husband, Justus Hurd. Mr. Hurd did not settle in this 
 county. Erastus brought his wife with him from Kentucky 
 and reared a family of ten children, six of whom are now 
 living. He located on section 21, where he died in 1845, 
 and his son,S. O Root now resides on the old homestead, and 
 the others live in the vicinity. 
 
 S. D. Hambaugh, mentioned above, came and located on the 
 place that his brother John P. had selected the year before. 
 He was then a single man and came in a large heavy wagon 
 drawn by four horses, from Edwardsville, crossing the Illi- 
 nois river at Meredosia. He arrived in the spring of 1828 
 and joined his brother. These brothers were sons of Henry 
 Hambaugh, and natives of Virginia. They came with their 
 father from Kentucky to this state in 1825, settling at Ed- 
 wardsville. It was there that Fanny Hambaugh, their sis- 
 ter, was married to Gov- Thomas Ford, then a young lawyer 
 residing at that place. In 1853 and '54 Governor Ford was 
 engaged in compiling a history of Illinois, and the fact that 
 it was written in the old Hambaugh residence in this county* 
 is a thing not generally ■ known. Stephen D. Hambaugh 
 married Elmina, the daughter of John Stone, above men- 
 tioned, and reared four children — John Henry, James S., 
 Joseph M. and Mary, the wife of Charles W. Price, all 
 living. He was a prominent and influential citizen. Was 
 a member of the legislature for one term and held other po- 
 sitions of trust in the county. His death occurred in 1877. 
 John P. Hambaugh is still living, a bachelor, at an ad- 
 vanced age. 
 
 In the fall of the same year, 1828, we find two new arri- 
 vals in the settlement. These were Jefferson Hume and 
 Elisha G. Adams, who came about the sams time, in the 
 month of October. Jefferson Hume was a native of Ken- 
 tucky, and emigrated from that state to Illinois in 1825, 
 stopping near the present t-ite of Springfield. He brought 
 with him to this county a family of ten children, viz : 
 James, deceased ; Malinda, the wife of George A. Hume, re- 
 siding in DeWitt county, 111., Gabrial T, in Kansas ; Milton 
 in Missouri ; John residing on section 33 of this township ; 
 William F., living on the same section ; Cassie, who married 
 Green B. Smith, both deceased; Elizabeth, the wife of Spen- 
 cer Adams, in Texas; Mary, wife of Robert Brown, and 
 Ellen deceased. Mr. Hume settled in the N. W. corner of 
 section 33 just east of the railroad, at the foot of the bluffs, 
 on the place where Dr. A. D. Six now lives. He was a car- 
 penter by trade, although he made farming his principal oc- 
 cupation. He was elected a Justice of the Peace in 1830, 
 ana held several other minor offices. He was several times 
 made Major or Colonel of militia in early times. In 1839 he 
 went to Texas, where he died about 1842. There was a very 
 early settlement made by his nephew William Hume.abouta
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 297 
 
 mile south of where he settled and just within the limits of 
 Pike county in 1826. Elisha G. Adams, was born in Ver- 
 mont, January 9, 1806, and went to Canada with his parents 
 when a child. In 1826, he emigrated with his mother to 
 Illinois, locating in Morgan county. Here he married 
 Matilda Henry, and moved to what is now Brown county, 
 landing on the southeast quarter of section one of this town- 
 ship on the 20th day of October 1828. As usual he built 
 the same kind of a log cabin, as all pioneers, which was of 
 rough logs about 16 feet square, entered 160 acres and pre- 
 empted 80 acres of land upon which he and his young wife 
 launched out for themselves. When he arrived there were 
 several bark wigwams in the vicinity and in fact scattered 
 all along the bluffs, but the Indians were friendly. Adams 
 was quite a hunter in his younger days and frequently joined 
 them in the chase. He informed us that by their every day 
 associations with him he had learned their language so as to 
 speak it very intelligibly. In the year 1830, Adams killed 
 over forty deer, which brought him some ready cash, a thing 
 that was indeed scarce in those days. The hides were worth 
 twenty-five cents and the hams brought the same price per 
 pair. Corn was then worth ten cents a bushel and labor 
 twenty-five cents a day. Adams says, " I have split many 
 a thousand rails at the rate of twenty-five cents per hun- 
 dred." In those early times farming was not a very exten- 
 sive occupation ; corn, cotton and flax were the principal 
 products. The latter was woven into garments by those 
 noble pioneer women, and never were there a happier people 
 than our frontiersmen, in their suits of home spun or buck- 
 skin. Mr. Adams reared a family of nine children, seven of 
 whom are now living, Amanda, the wife of John Thomas ; 
 JoelH., residing in section 12; Mary A., the wife of Daniel 
 Evans, in Cooperstown ; Oliver P., in section 1 of this town- 
 ship ; Asenath became the wife of George Ferrell ; Emily 
 the wife of Henry Stullers, and Ellen a Mrs. John Prudent of 
 Cooperstown. At this writing Mr. Adams and his wife are 
 living on the same place where they located fifty-four years 
 ago. They are both in the enjoyment of health, and never 
 tire in relating the trials and hardships through which they 
 have passed. Joel M., and Orson, brothers of Elisha G. 
 Adams, came with him to this country in 1828. The former 
 became a permanent settler and died here about ten years 
 ago, but Orson joined the Mormons, and went with them 
 from Nauvoo to Salt Lake City, where he died. Thomas 
 Lackey arrived in the neighborhood about this date, and 
 many say a year or two earlier. 
 
 By this time several families had arrived and formed a 
 strong settlement along the bluffs, and a post-office was an 
 institution much desired. Petitions were drawn up and sent 
 in proper form to Washington, and their prayers were 
 granted. An office was established, known as " Vandeven- 
 ters Post-office." Cornelius Vandeventer was appointed post- 
 master, and the office was kept at his residence. This was 
 in the year 1828. The mail was carried on horse back by a 
 man named Fowler. In those days postage was paid at the 
 distributing office, and many times the old settlers were con- 
 siderably troubled to get the "Two-bits" that were required 
 to release their letters. The Vandeventer office was a great 
 38 
 
 convenience, but for the want of patronage it was, in a few 
 years, discontinued, and it was not until 1835 that another 
 was established. At that time there was quite an influx of 
 settlers, and another effort to obtain an office was made, 
 which resulted in the establishment of the Sugar Grove 
 Post-office. Stephen D. Hambaugh was appointed post- 
 master and it is now kept at his placejon section 28. The route 
 was established to Pittsfield. 
 
 In the winter of 1830-31 occurred that memorable event, 
 the " deep snow. " On account of the meager preparations 
 for so severe a visitation, the early settlers suffered many 
 hardships. It is difficult for those of to-day to comprehend 
 the sufferings of cold and hunger that those sturdy pioneers 
 underwent. The snow commenced falling in December and 
 continued falling for several weeks. The depth was from 
 four to five feet. The stumps of trees that were cut for 
 firewood, after the snow had passed away, had the appear- 
 ance of having been felled by giants, some of them measur- 
 ing from six to seven feet in height. The roads or pathways 
 were completely blockaded, and the fences and cabins were 
 virtually buried, and the inhabitants only went forth as 
 food and fuel demanded, from dire necessity. The deer, 
 prairie chicken and games of all kinds suffered death from 
 starvation. 
 
 In 1830 the following parties made the first land entries 
 in this township : John P. Hambaugh, September 20, 1830, 
 entered the E. i of the N. E. i of section 28 ; George 
 Lampkins, the S. E. \ of the S. W. \ of section 33, Septem- 
 ber 30, 1830 ; Erastus Stone, E. i of N. W. \ section 22, 
 Sept. 30, 1830 ; Levi Johnson and David Prickett also en- 
 tered land here on the same date. 
 
 In 1831, Richard and Philip Briggs, natives of Kentucky, 
 arrived in Versailles. They had come to the state the year 
 previous and raised a crop in Morgan county. They both 
 located in section 18. Richard lived here until his death, 
 October 8, 1876. Philip moved from here to the state of 
 Missouri, where he remained a short time and then returned, 
 locating in Buckhorn township where he died several years 
 ago. He had a family of eight children when he came, 
 only two of whom are now living — John R. Briggs in Ver- 
 sailles and Louis Briggs in Lee township. Michael Sum- 
 my and James Bullard also came with the Briggs. Suramy 
 was a son-in-law of Richard Briggs, and emigrated to Texas. 
 His father and others of the family settled here, and some 
 are yet in the township. Bullard remained here and died, 
 leaving a family. When Briggs came the following parties 
 lived in the vicinity : Hamilton Nighswonger, Joseph 
 Groves, Mr. Willford, and Mr. Darnell. 
 
 It was the same year that Jacob and Peter Vandeventer, 
 brothers of Cornelius Vandeventer, came and located in the 
 township. They were natives of Virginia and came here 
 from Ohio. There was only two years' difference in their 
 ages. They both married in Virginia, and had families 
 when they located in Versailles Nov. 12, 1831 . Jacob moved 
 to Pike county in the Spring of 1833, and died there in Au- 
 gust following, at the age of 52 years. His family then re- 
 moved to Versailles, settling in section 15. He was twice 
 married and had eight children born to him, two by the first
 
 298 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 wife and six by the latter. Jethro, his oldest son, came here 
 in 1838, and is yet living in the town of Versailles. Three 
 of the children born by the last union are residing in the 
 county — Thomas R., Joseph F., and Barnet B. Peter Van- 
 deveuter died at the residence of his brother, Cornelius 
 Vandeventer, a few weeks after his arrival. He was 
 also twice married, and reared seven children by his 
 first wife and two by the latter. They all came to 
 this county, and all but two of them have died here Those 
 living are, Dr. Saul Vandeventer, an early physician in the 
 county, and Silas H. Another prominent early settler was 
 Ashford D. Ravenscroft, who came here a single man in 
 1836. He was born in West Virginia June 22, 1808. He 
 arrived here about tne time of the starting of the town of 
 Versailles, and went immediately into the mercantile busi- 
 ness, in which he continue d until his death April 19, 1872, 
 makingan active business careerof thirty-six years in the town 
 of Versailles. His widow, who is the daughter of Henry 
 Casteen.is residing in the town. Mr Ravenscroft was a man of 
 gr« at industry, and through strict integrity and honorable 
 dealing he accumulated a fortune. Henry Casteen was 
 another prominent early arrival, and one of the proprietors 
 of Versailles He was born in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1786, 
 and moved from there to Kentucky in 1815, where he was 
 married to Lucinda Peters, and came with his family to this 
 county in 1836, purchasing the improvements of George 
 Hillard, just north of the town of Versailles. At that time 
 there was a great deal of sickness, and Mr. Casteen soon lost 
 his wife and four children ; four are yet living. He was 
 again married in 1839, and two children of this union are 
 living here. He was one of Versailles' active men, and was 
 much esteemed by his fellow-citizens. He died April 14, 
 }854, at the age of 68 years. 
 
 ' Among other old settlers we will mention the Townsends, 
 Pratt, Scott, John Whitten, Benjamin and Joseph Robinson 
 in 1835 ; George Summy, Richard Upchurch, an early 
 school teacher, Wesley Tolle, Elijah Hall, Spencer Hall, 
 John Surratt, Samuel Black an old teacher and surveyor 
 and at one time County Judge. John Heflin, Daniel and 
 James Brown, Henry Boss, James Bullard, Jtsse Landon, 
 Thomas and James McCormack, William Gamble, Bethel 
 Colston, Jacob Summy, John A. Houlderly, Angel Hume, 
 Avery Carter, Prudy Meeks, I'avid McGlaughlin, Enoch 
 Reecer, John Sides, Stephen Carner, Benjamin F. Hill, 
 Henry May, Mr Ray, George By ram, G. W. Temmnis, 
 Richard Marrs, Philip Ausmus, B. F. Hill and many others 
 that might be mentioned. We may not have named all 
 the early settlers in the township, nor have traced the his- 
 tory of all of them, and were it possible to do so, it would 
 not be interesting. It has been our aim to follow up the 
 very earliest arrivals, and nientu n more particularly those 
 who figured prominently in its early history. 
 
 The earliest school taught in Versailles was by a private 
 tutor in Cornelius Vandeventer's family, probably as early 
 as 1828. The first log cabin school was taught just west of 
 the Vandeventer brothers' residence on section 15, by Miss 
 Hannah Burbank, a lady sent here by an eastern mission. 
 Another school of the same character was taught by John 
 
 Lister in a cabin on section 18. For information on this 
 subject we refer the reader to the Chapter on Common 
 Schools. 
 
 In those early days, when the country was sparsely set- 
 tled, great inconvenience was experienced in obtaining flour. 
 The mills were very rude affairs, and very distant from each 
 other. In 1828 the Vandeventers, Roots, Stones and Ham- 
 baughs constructed a pirogue out of a large walnut tree, for 
 the purpose of carrying their grain to be ground at a little 
 water-mill on Blue river. This was the first boat-building 
 in the county. The first mill built in this settlement was 
 constructed by Jefferson Hume in 1830. It was a horse- 
 mill, and stood near the present residence of Dr. A. D Six. 
 Though rude and awkward as it was, it served its purpose, 
 and was largely patronized. The settlers were often com- 
 pelled to remain several days before their grists could be 
 ground ; '' the first come, the first served," was the maxim, 
 and each had to await his turn. Another horse-mill was 
 built soon afterwards by the Townsends. The first grist- 
 mill was constructed by M. Johnson, and was located on 
 McKee's creek. It was propelled by water and had one run 
 of stones. In 1833, Cornelius Vandeventer built a water- 
 power saw mill on Camp creek. Others were soon after- 
 wards erected along the river and creeks, and the lumber 
 trade became quite a profitable business. 
 
 For other pioneer matter, we refer the reader to the 
 various general chapters in the front part of this work, 
 wherein many interesting facts of the olden times are re- 
 corded. 
 
 We append a list of names of those who have represented 
 the township in the board of supervisors : S. D. Hatnbaugh, 
 elected in 1854; Michael Summy, in 1855; A. D Ravens- 
 croft, in 1856; Cortez Hume, in 1857 ; John R. Briggs, in 
 1858, and re-elected until 1861, when A. D. Ravenscroft 
 was elected and served for two terms. In 1863 Edward 
 Purcell served one term, and Thomas J. Russell was elected 
 in 1864 ; Saul Vandeventer. in 1865, and served for two 
 years ; W. W. Glaze, in 1868, and re-elected in '6,1 ; John 
 Bond in 1870, and served two years; Obadiah Summy, 
 elected in 1872, re-elected in '73 ; Edward Welch, in 1874, 
 and re-elected in "75; Thomas J. Russell in H76 ; B. L. 
 Rowland, 1877; Harrison Burgei-ser, 187rf, and served until 
 1881; James McCormick, tlected 1881, and is the present 
 incumbent 
 
 TOWN OF VERSAILLES. 
 
 In point of population, this is the second town in the 
 county. It is beautifully situated on high rolling land, in 
 the heart of a rich and populous farming community. 
 Among the bluffs in the vicinity of the town there are 
 Lumerous lasting springs of excellent water, many of which 
 contain valuable mineral properties. A few years ago there 
 were iron and magnesia spriugs opened about one mile north- 
 east of the town, and a large hotel built, which, while it was 
 open, had considerable patronage from invalids seeking the 
 benefit of the waters. With proper and experienced man- 
 agement, it would, no doubt, have become a beneficial and 
 profitable resort. The town is one of the most healthful loca- 
 tions in this part of the state.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 NWlMl 
 299 
 
 It was laid out by Henry Casteen, Cornelius Vandeventer, 
 A. D. Ravenscroft, and Dr. Isaac Vandeventer, December 
 2, 1836. The original plat was situated in the south half of 
 section 17, and was surveyed by Allen Persinger. There 
 have been several additions made to the town, and the 
 corporate limits now contain one square mile. The above 
 parties purchased twenty-two acres of land of Hamilton 
 Nighswonger, and were the originators and proprietors of 
 the place. The name of the town was chosen by one of its 
 founders, Mr. Casteen, from Versailles, his early home in 
 Kentucky, and from Versailles in France. 
 
 A. D. Ravenscroft erected the first building, a frame store- 
 house in the spring of 1836. It was a one-story structure, 
 about 20x24 feet, and in it he placed the first stock of goods 
 opened for sale in the township. There has been some dis- 
 pute as to who was the first merchant, but as Mr. Ravens- 
 croft s books show that his first entry was made June 27, 
 1836, there can be no doubt but that he sold the first goods. 
 He continued in business in the town until his death in 1872. 
 
 The next building was erected by Joseph C. Townsend for 
 a hotel, and upon its completion Versailles became a stage 
 stand. The town was located on the Spiingfield and Quincy 
 stage line. The post-office was soon moved from Sugar 
 Grove, and A. D. Ravinscroft first kept it. The Townsend 
 house has always been used for a hotel, and now forms a 
 part of the present Versailles House. It was not long until 
 a second store was built and opened by Dr. Isaac and Jethro 
 Vandeventer. This store was i-ituated on the southeast 
 corner of Main and First streets, just opposite the Versaille 
 House. Jacob Summy opened a saloon on Main street 
 about the same time. Thomas Foley began the blacksmithing j 
 and Enoch Rasor the tailoring business. Thus the town 
 started, and with a steady growth and improvement it has 
 gained a population, which, at the last census, is given as 
 517 souls. There are a number of good stores, and the 
 merchants are an energetic class, who are striving to build 
 up their town. The streets are laid out square with the 
 points of the compass, are well shaded, and have good plauk 
 sidewalks. There are several fine brick and frame residences 
 and all speak well of the enterprise of her citizens. 
 
 Schools. — The first school taught in the town was by a Mr. 
 Wright, in a log house erected for that purpose, situated in 
 the northeast corner of what is now the corporate limits, 
 about 1839 or '40. George \V. Gibson was the next teacher. 
 E. P. Bunce taught there in 1842, and continued teaching 
 in the neighborhood three or four years. This building was 
 subsequently moved, and now stands on Walnut street near 
 the old Methodist church. School was held in it until 
 another and better building was erected in 1852. This was 
 constructed of brick, 20x30 feet, one-story high, located on 
 First street, north of Walnut. Here the schools were taught 
 until the present fine brick structure was completed in the 
 summer of 1872. This building is two and a half stories 
 high, and contains two rooms on the first floor, and one large 
 room in the second story. It is a graded school, employ- 
 ing three teachers. This building was erected at a cost of 
 about ten thousand dollars. It is an imposing structure, 
 and stands as a monument of the liberality and intelligence 
 of a progressive people. 
 
 Churches. — The first church was erected by the Methodist 
 denomination. There are now besides it the Christian, 
 United Brethren, and Catholic churches. For their history 
 see the Ecclesiastical chapter. 
 
 Cemetery — The first cemetery was established by the 
 town authorities purchasing an acre of land of James Bul- 
 lard, about the time of the starting of the town. This is 
 located in the southern part of the town, and about ten 
 years ago it was filled, and a new ground was necessary. In 
 1873, the same authorities purchased three acres near the 
 centre of section 18, and laid it out in lots and walks for the 
 use of a cemetery. It is controlled entirely by the town 
 board. 
 
 Incorporation. — Versailles was first incorporated as a vil- 
 lage, under the general State law. On the twenty-third day 
 of March, 1858, a legal notice was given to the citizens of 
 the village, that a meeting would be held at the school-house 
 in said village, on Saturday, April 3d, 1858, for the purpose 
 of taking into consideration the propriety of incorporating 
 the said village. The meeting was held at the appointed 
 time and place, and Cortice Hume was chosen president, and 
 James Moorman secretary, and a vote was taken, which 
 resulted in twenty-seven for incorporation, and four against 
 it. 
 
 April 8th, 1858, an election was held for the purpose of 
 selecting five trustees, and the following named gentlemen 
 were elected : George Glaze, Henry May, John A. Casteen, 
 Cortice Hume, and Dr. Saul Vandeventer. C. Hume was 
 made president, and James L. Moorman secretary. 
 
 The place was again incorporated, by special act of the 
 legislature, approved March 26th, 1869, as the "Town of 
 Versailles " The charter required that an election shall be 
 held on the first Monday in April of each year, for electing 
 five trustees, one of whom shall be chosen president of the 
 board, and such other officers as are made elective by this 
 act, etc. This special act was made in order to give the 
 authorities more power in governing and controlling their 
 town. The officers elected under this charter in 1869 
 were: Hiram McGuffy, President; W . W. Glaze, Joseph 
 Casteen, A. Gough, and A. Burgesser, Trustees ; Frank 
 Hume, Constable; John James, Sireet Commissioner; and 
 A. J. Glaze, Town Clerk. 
 
 Mills- — The first mill in the c >rporate limits was built by 
 Jesse Landon, in 1835. It was a horse mill, situated in 
 what is now the southeast part of the town. It was in ope- 
 ration for eight or ten years. The present grist and saw mill 
 was built several years ago. It is now owi.ed and operated by 
 T. J. McWane It is a three-story frame mill, with a run 
 of two burrs, and capacity of about twenty-five barrels per 
 day. The saw in use is a fifty-two inch circular saw. 
 
 Brick. — There has been considerable brick burning in the 
 town, the first of which was burnt in 1838, by Cornelius 
 and Dr. Saul Vandeventer. At this,writing there is a yard 
 in the town, but it is not being worked. 
 
 BUSINESS HOUSES AND TRADE OF 18S2. 
 
 General Siora.—E F. Crane & Co. ; W. S. Henry ; L.
 
 Yf/HH 
 l.dl Mil 
 
 300 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHVYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 C. Lancaster ; W. H. Brackenridge ; James McCormick ; 
 Reid & Brady. 
 
 Hardware and Groceries. — Barlow McCoy. 
 
 Hardware and Agricultural Implements. — Wainman & 
 Rowland. 
 
 Drugs.— W. W. Eckler ; John Wright. 
 
 Ladies' Furnishing Goods. — Miss M. Casteen. 
 
 Millinery and Dress Making. — Eckler & Burgesser. 
 
 Groceries and Confectionery. — Aaron Stinson. 
 
 Groceries and Stationery. — Hartman & Burgesser. 
 
 Stoves, Tinware and Furniture. — A. D. McDaniel. 
 
 Harness Store. — Rowland & Son. 
 
 Heat Market. — Sargent & Martin. 
 
 Physicians. — Saul Vandeventer ; John Bond ; J. A. Lung ; 
 B. Wilson ; O. E. Wilson, and A. D. Six. 
 
 Blacksmiths and Wagonmakers. — Charles W. Wainman ; 
 John H. Reisch ; and E. M. Rockwood. 
 
 Liverymen. — Westbrook Wight and Thomas Graves. 
 
 Hotels. — Versailles House ; Maple Grove House, Thos. H. 
 Graves, proprietor. 
 
 Carpenter Shops. — J. C. Hoffman & Son ; Thomas Keely. 
 
 lAtmber Yard. — E. F. Crane & Co. 
 
 Cooper Shops. — Thomas McCormack ; Purcell Bros., and 
 John Allstot 
 
 Drayman.— F. C White. 
 
 Shoe Shop. — J. R. Deviney. 
 
 Barbers. — Alexander Hall and H. A. Hawk. 
 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 Versailles Lodge No. 108, A. F. and A. M., was instituted 
 October 1st, 1851 ; and the following were its first officers 
 under the charter : James H. Dennis, W. M. ; A. J. Stoner, 
 S. W. ; John Loer, J. W. The remaining charter members 
 were John Sides, Joseph Robinson, Thaddeus McCoy and 
 Joseph Smith. The Lodge is now in a prosperous condition, 
 with a membership of forty-six at the present time. 
 
 Irene Lodge, No. 72, 1. 0.0 F., was first organized in 
 Mt Sterling, on the 25th day of July, 1850, with James W. 
 Singleton, I. Nye, James M. Keith, Vincent Ridgely, and 
 James B. Moore, as charter members. By dispensation 
 from the Grand Lodge, it was removed to Versailles, Illinois, 
 April 4th, 1860 ; and reorganized by electing as the first of- 
 ficers, M. M. Hersman, N. G. ; Jacob Fleck, V. G. ; J. A. 
 Beard, Secretary, and Jerome B. Leonard, Treasurer. The 
 Lodge now has a membership of fifty-two, and is in a flour- 
 ishing condition financially. 
 
 PERRY SPRINGS STATION 
 
 was laid out by William B. Elledge and Sarah J. Elledge, 
 Dec. 20, 1875. It is situated in the N. E. 1 of section 33, 
 and wa3 surveyed and platted by Moses Black. The village 
 has been vacated, except lots Nos. 2, 3 and 4 in block No. 
 3. The railroad continues to make it a regular stopping 
 place, and there is some railroad business done there. The 
 station house, a store, and two or three other buildings con- 
 stitute the place. It is quite a convenience to the travelers 
 and shippers of the immediate vicinity. 
 
 A town called Milton was laid out August 25, 1836. by 
 Louis Gay, situated on the E. i of theS. E. } of section 31, 
 and the W. i of the S. W. I of section 32, near the site of 
 the old Johnson mill, on McKee's creek, but it was a failure. 
 
 We have thus summed up the history of Versailles town- 
 ship from the time of the arrival of Cornelius Vandeventer, 
 in 1824, up to the present time ; and it is no difficult task 
 for the reader to see the development it has made in the past. 
 Containing, as it does, the most productive land, and many 
 valuable improvements, its growth in the future will be even 
 more rapid than in the past. Its population at the time of 
 the census in 1880, was as follows : the town of Versailles, 
 517 ; township, excluding the town, 1318 ; total, 1835.
 
 t 1 1 I /. f V 
 
 im 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 ■=— ¥*i o %-♦— ■ 
 
 • 
 
 
 The portrait* which appear above are those of represen- 
 tatives of the earliest family of settlers in what is now Brown 
 county. Cornelius Vandeventer was the pioneer settler. 
 Elihu Vandeventer, his son, has now lived within the limits 
 of the county a longer number of years than any other 
 citizen. Some account of this family must be valuable as a 
 ' contribution to the history of the county. Jacob Vande- 
 venter, the father of Cornelius Vandeventer, was a native of 
 Holland, and from that country emigrated to America at a 
 period when the thirteen colonies were yet subject to British 
 rule. He first settled on the banks of the Delaware river 
 in the southern part of New Jersey, but afterward removed 
 to Pendleton county, Virginia. He took part as a soldier 
 in the war for Independence, and was present at the siege 
 of Yorktown and the surrender of the British army under 
 Cornwallis. He died in Ohio. He had eight children, of 
 whom one of the youngest was Cornelius Vandeventer, 
 born in Pendleton county, Virginia, in the month of Feb- 
 ruary, 1783. 
 
 Cornelius Vandeventer was married in Virginia to Elizabeth 
 Hyre. In the years 1805,or 1806, the Vandeventers, including 
 
 Jacob, the father, and the sons, removed from Virginia to 
 Ohio. They were among the pioneer settlers of Madison 
 county in that state. Cornelius Vandeventer remained in 
 Ohio till 1822, and then set out for Illinois. The winter of 
 1822-1823 was spent in the southern part of the state in 
 the vicinity of Shawneetown, and the following winter in 
 the "Sangamo country, " as the part of the state in which 
 Sangamon county is included was then universally called. 
 The family would probably have made their permanent home 
 here had not Mr. Vandeventer desired to get nearer to some 
 navigable stream. At that time steamboats had just begun 
 to navigate the western waters. The first one had reached 
 St. Louis in 1817, and their use was becoming general on 
 the Mississippi and its tributaries. That the state would 
 become intersected by railroads, was not at that time 
 dreamed of. It was supposed that the Mississippi and Illi- 
 nois rivers would always remain, for this state, the great 
 highways of commerce. Although the soil of the "Sangamo 
 country " was amply fertile, he decided to select a new loca- 
 tion where he might have the benefit of superior transpor- 
 tation facilities. With this idea he visited the Illinois river 
 
 301
 
 302 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 bottom, and chose a place for a permanent settlement just 
 under the bluff in section fourteen of township two south, 
 range two west. He would thus have, he thought, the ad- 
 vantage of the rich soil of the bottom, while his proximity 
 to the river would afford him a ready market for his farm 
 products. 
 
 He came with his three sons, William H, Peter Slater, 
 and Elihu, in the spring of 1824, and placed in cultivation 
 six acres of corn. This pioneer corn-field was about a quar- 
 ter of a Ynile from the present residence of Elihu Vande- 
 venter. The same spring, in a fence corner, was planted 
 from the seed a nursery of apple trees, from which came the 
 first orchard ever set out in what is now Brown county. Re- 
 maining long enough to properly attend and cultivate the 
 growing corn, he and his sons then went back to the Sanga- 
 mon. In the fall the whole family came, and thencefor- 
 ward were permanent residents of what is now Brown county. 
 Schuyler county had not at that time been organized. The 
 corn was found in good condition, unharmed by the Indians, 
 who had limited their depredations to a few pumpkins which 
 had been planted among the corn. The first log house in 
 which the family found shelter was an extremely rude and 
 primitive affair. This was succeeded by other log structures 
 till a frame dwelling-house was erected, the first ever built 
 within the limits of Brown county. In the fall of 1825, 
 about a year after the family came to the county, the wife 
 of Cornelius Vandeventer died. He was married again to 
 Mrs. Susan McFarland. Her maiden name was Hyre, 
 a sister to his first wife. On the organization of 
 Schuyler county Cornelius Vandeventer was elected a justice 
 of the peace and filled that position for about fifteen years. 
 He was familiarly known afterward as the " Old Squire. " 
 He was the first justice of the peace within the territory 
 now comprised in Brown county. He also was the first 
 postmaster. The post office was kept at his house and was 
 called " Vandeventers. " He was a man of thrift and in- 
 dustry, and became the owner of a large tract of land. He 
 was connected with the Methodist church, of which his wife 
 was an earnest and enthusiastic member. Though he had 
 acquired in youth, only a moderate education, he was ex- 
 tensively informed on a great variety of subjects and was a 
 close reader. In his old age the reading of newspapers was 
 his favorite occupation. He was originally a whig, and on 
 the dissolution of the Whig party became a Democrat. His 
 health had been generally good through life. He died sud- 
 denly from a stroke of paralysis on the porch of the resi- 
 dence of his son Elihu, on the 7th of October, 1865. 
 His children were William H., Peter Slater, Elihu, Abra- 
 ham (who died in Sangamon county) Joseph, Eliza, Eliza- 
 beth and Amanda. The last two were by his second mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Elihu Vandeventer, the third of these children, was born 
 in Madison county, Ohio, on the 22d of December, 1810. 
 He was in his fourteenth year when he came with his father 
 to what is now Brown county. His advantages for obtain- 
 ing an education were mostly confined to Ohio. The coun- 
 try was new when he came to Illinois, and he had not more 
 than three months' schooling altogether in this state. His 
 
 youth and early manhood were spent in hard and rugged 
 work. His father and brothers had built a saw mill on 
 Camp creek, within a short distance of his present residence, 
 and in this he frequently worked day and night, sometimes 
 not going home to his meals for a day or two at a time. In 
 the early part of the year 1837 he went to Virginia, and 
 there became acquainted with Zipporah Wells, whom he mar- 
 ried in April, 1837. After his return to this state he car- 
 ried on farming in partnership with his father. His older 
 brothers had died in 1833. In October, 1844, occurred the 
 death of his wife. His second marriage was in October, 
 1845, to Mrs. Margaret Bonnitield. She was the daughter 
 of Joseph Douglass, and was born near Belleville in St. 
 Clair county. From the time she was three until she was 
 fifteeen years old she lived in Marion county, Kentucky. 
 Of the children of Mr. Vandeventer the oldest, William 
 Harrison, is engaged in farming in Versailles township. 
 Two died in infancy, and Peter Slater at the age of four 
 years. Amanda Francis, the oldest child by his second 
 marriage, is the wife of William H. Ravenscroft The 
 next daughter is Mrs. Josephine Atchley. Emeline died 
 when a year old, and the youngest child, Maggie Belle, is 
 the wife of Dr. Wilson Reid of Versailles. Mrs. Vande- 
 venter, by her first marriage, had a daughter, Jane, who is, 
 now the wife of S. C. Root. 
 
 Business matters have occupied Mr. Vandeventer's atten- 
 tion closely, and he has never taken any active part in 
 politics nor held any public office. He was first a Whig, 
 but his sentiments, which were opposed to slavery, made 
 him a Republican on the death of the Whig party. He is 
 now one of the large land owners of the county, possessing 
 the title to about thirteen hundred acres. His early life 
 was a struggle with debt, he and his father being obliged 
 to borrow money with which to enter land, for which 
 thirty-five per cent, interest was paid for a time. The years of 
 hard work in his earlier life have told on his health and 
 constitution. The portrait which appears at the head of 
 this sketch is made from a photograph taken some years ago 
 when in full possession of bodily vigor. 
 
 DR. SAUL VANDEVENTER. 
 
 Among the oldest physicians of Brown county is Dr. 
 Vandeventer of Versailles. His ancestors were former res- 
 idents of New Jersey, and from there moved to Virginia. 
 His father, Peter Vandeventer, was born in Pendleton coun- 
 ty, Virginia. His mother, Mary Buffenbarger, was a native 
 of Hardy county of the same state. About the year 1806 his 
 parents moved to Ohio, and in Madison county, that state, on 
 the 20th of March, 1818, was born the subject of this sketch. 
 The first fourteen years of his life were spent in Ohio, and 
 then in the fall of the year 1832, the family moved to Illi- 
 nois, reaching what is now Brown county, on the 12th day 
 < of November. The place of their intended settlement was 
 i the Vandeventer neighborhood under the bluff in Versailles 
 township. His mother had died in Ohio six years previous. 
 When Dr. Vandeventer was about eight years old, and three
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 303 
 
 weeks after the arrival of the family in this state, occurred 
 the death of his father. This event broke up the family and 
 scattered the children. Dr. Vandeventer was in the em- 
 ployment of various parties, making his home a great part 
 of the time with his uncle, Cornelius Vandeventer and his 
 cousin, Dr. Isaac Vandeventer. His uncle was the pioneer 
 settler of the county, having made his home along the bluff 
 in 1824, while Dr. Isaac Vandeventer was the earliest physi- 
 cian in the territory now included in Schuyler and Brown 
 counties. 
 
 He had gone to school but little in Ohio, and as he grew 
 up toward manhood all his energies were bent toward acquir- 
 ing an education. The money with which his board and 
 tuition were paid he earned by labor on a farm, making 
 rails at twenty-five cents a hundred. He thus gained a good 
 education, and began the study of medicine by the advice of 
 Dr. Isaac Vandeventer, th en practicing at Versailles, under 
 whose instruction he gained a knowledge ol chemistry and 
 anat( my. August 2d, 1838, he rf arried Clarissa Nighs- 
 wonger, daughter of Hamilton Nighswonger, ihe first settler 
 on the site of Versailles. In 1842 he began to devote his 
 whole attention to the study of medicine, and during the win- 
 ter of 1844-45 attended lectures at the Kemper Medical Col- 
 lege of St. Louis, afterward called the McDowell College, and 
 now known as the St. Louis Medical College. From the 
 spring of 1845 till 1852 he practiced medicine at Coopers- 
 town. The latter year he became a resident of Versailles, 
 where he has followed his profession. His first wife died on 
 the 5th of October, 1854. In March, 1856, he married 
 Charlotte Nighswonger, sister to his first wife. She died in 
 May, 1859. His present wife, whom he married on the 6th 
 of August, 1861, was Mary A. Sullens, a native of Howard 
 county, Missouri. The six children by his first marriage 
 were Martha Jane, now a resident of Jacksonville ; Henry 
 Clay, who died in infancy ; Julius Henry Lee, who died 
 when twenty-six years old ; Cornelius, now living in Kan- 
 sas ; and Ann Augusta, a resident of Jacksonville. The two 
 children by his second marriage both died when infants. 
 He has four children by his present marriage— Abraham 
 Lincoln, Nini Inez, Elihu Harvey and Ulysses Grant. In 
 his politics he has always been opposed to the Demo 
 cratic party. He was first a Whig, and voted for Harrison 
 in the enthusiastic and celebrated campaign of 1840. He 
 became one of the early members of the Republican party, 
 voting the Republican state ticket in 1856. He was one of 
 the oldest physicians in the county, and few men are now 
 living in this part of the state whose memory is so fertile in 
 recollections of the incidents of the pioneer times. 
 
 STEPHEN C. ROOT. 
 
 The father of Stephen C. Root, Erastus Root, was one of the 
 earliest settlers of Versailles township, having made his home 
 in this part of the county in the year 1828. Samuel Root 
 the grandfather of Stephen C. Root, was born at Piermont, 
 New Hampshire, in 1775. From New England he moved 
 to Kentucky, came to what is now Brown county, in 1828, 
 
 and died in 1»29, at the age of fifty-four years ; twelve days 
 after his decease, his wife, Ruth Root, died at the age of 
 fifty-six. Erastus Root was born in Vermont in 1800 ; he 
 was a young man when the family moved to Kentucky. In 
 Mead c unty of that state he married Ann Lawson, who 
 was born in Maryland ; soon after his marriage he came to 
 Illinois, and after a residence of about a year in Greene 
 county, he came to what is now Brown, then a part of 
 Schuyler county, in 1828, and settled where his son, Stephen 
 C. Root, now lives, on section twenty-one of township two 
 south, range two west. He died in February, 1845 ; his 
 wife survived him till 1872. Stephen Charles Root was the 
 sixth of a family of ten children, aud was born on the 
 14th of October, 1885 ; he was raised on the same farm 
 where he now lives, and was ten years old at the death 
 of his father. On the 21st of May, 1863, he married 
 Nancy Jane Bonnifield, daughter by a previous mar- 
 riage, of Mrs. Elihu Vandeventer ; her father, Arnold Bon- 
 nifield, died when she was a child ; she was born in Iowa. 
 In 1866 Mr. Root took charge of the old homestead farm ; 
 he owns one hundred and sixty acres of land ; his three 
 children, Bertie, Frank, and Carrie, all died in infancy. In 
 his political faith he is a republican. 
 
 JOHN J. TAYLOR. 
 
 The ancestors of Mr. Taylor formerly lived in the vicinity 
 of Snow Hill on the eastern shore of Maryland ; here John 
 Taylor, the great-grandfather of John J. Taylor, resided 
 during the early part of his life ; he was captain of a sailing 
 vessel which made trips between that part of Maryland and 
 the Bermuda Islands. At an early period in the history of 
 Kentucky, he left Maryland with his family and made his 
 home in the wilds of that new and unsettled country. The 
 Indians at that time were still numerous, and he was obliged 
 to face the dangers and hardships which marked the settle- 
 ment of " the dark and bloody ground." He settled on the 
 Brushy fork of Hinkston creek, which runs through Nicholas 
 and Bourbon counties ; here William Taylor, the grandfather 
 of John J. Taylor, was born; he was the youngest of five 
 children, of whom four were sons and one a daughter; his 
 birth-place was on Taylor's creek, within five miles of Car- 
 lisle, in Nicholas county. On reaching manhood he married 
 Mrs. Mary Ross, of Carlisle, Kentucky ; her maiden name 
 was Stites. He removed from Kentucky to Illinois in the 
 year 1829, and settled near the town of Bethel in Morgan 
 county. In the spring of 1833, he came to what is now Brown 
 county and made his home on section eight of township one 
 south, range two west, where his son, William J. Taylor 
 now lives ; here he settled in a brush thicket, entered land, 
 and bought a good farm under cultivation. He died in the 
 spring of 1874, at the age of sixty-eight. 
 
 William J. Taylor was born in Morgan county of this 
 state on the 9th of March, 1832 ; he was about a year old 
 when his father moved to this county. In the year 1851 he 
 married Anna M. Robinson, a native of Fayette county,
 
 304 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Kentucky ; her father, Joseph Robinson, became a resident of 
 the present Brown county in the year 1836, and settled two 
 miles and a half northwest of Versailles. William J. Tay- 
 lor is now one of the large farmers of Cooperstown township 
 and is the owner of six hundred and eighty acres of land ; 
 he has two children, John J. Taylor and Tabitha, the wife of 
 Alexander Bailey, of Mt. Sterling. 
 
 . John J. Taylor was born on the 11th of February, 1852 ■ 
 his education was obtained chiefly in the schools of Mt. 
 Sterling. On the 23d of November, 1880, he married Sophie 
 Reger, daughter of Casper Reger, of Cooperstown township ; 
 her father made his home in Brown county in 1857. A 
 sketch of his history appears elsewhere. After his marriage 
 Mr. Taylor went to farming on section five of township two, 
 south, range two west, a couple of miles north of Versailles, 
 where he cultivates a farm of three hundred and sixty 
 acres ; he is one of the enterprising agriculturists of the 
 county, and has given much attention to the raising of 
 thoroughbred cattle, hogs and fine horses ; he was the first 
 to undertake the raising of thoroughbred cattle in the 
 county to any considerable extent. In his politics he, like 
 his father, is a Democrat. 
 
 STEPHEN D. HAMBAUGH, (Deceased), 
 
 Was born in Nelson county, Kentucky, October 23d, 1802. 
 His grandfather, Henry Hambaugh, emigrated from Ger- 
 many to America previous to the revolutionary war, and in 
 the vicinity of Detroit, Michigan, then a frontier French 
 settlement, married a woman of French descent. Henry 
 Hambaugh, father of Stephen D. Hambaugh, was the young- 
 est child by this marriage. Soon after his birth the family 
 settled in Shenandoah county, Virginia, where he grew to 
 manhood, and married Rebecca Morris, whose family are of 
 Irish origin. In 1799 he moved to Nelson county, Ky., and 
 afterward to the adjoining county of Bullitt. In 1823 the 
 family came to Illinois. Henry Hambaugh, the father, for 
 a time taught school in the vicinity of Edwardsville, while 
 Stephen D. Hambaugh was employed in teaming between 
 St. Louis and Edwardsville, and for one winter was clerk in 
 a store in St. Louis. While the family were living at Ed- 
 wardsville, Thomas Ford, afterward governor of the state, 
 married Frances, Mr. Hambaugh's only sister. Mr. Ham- 
 baugh first saw Brown county in 1827. In the fall of 1828, 
 the family moved up from Madison, and made a permanent 
 settlement under the bluff", in section twenty-eight of town- 
 ship two south, range two west. On the 28th of December, 
 1830, Stephen D. Hambaugh married Elmina, daughter of 
 John Stone. She was born in Berkshire, Franklin county, 
 Vt, July 2d, 1813. Her father moved to Hardin (now 
 Meade) county, Ky., in 1818, and in 1828 settled in section 
 twenty-two of township two south, range two west, Brown 
 county. Her mother's name was Abigail Clark. On the 
 night of this wedding the deep snow, which made remarkabl e 
 the winter of 1830-'31 began falling. 
 
 For some years Mr. Hambaugh carried on the coopering 
 business in partnership with his brother, John Pius Ham- 
 baugh, making pork barrels, flour barrels, and hogsheads, 
 which were sold at Beardstown, Naples, and other places 
 along the Illinois river. By this means he secured enough 
 money with which to enter land when it came into the mar- 
 ket. He and his brother at one time owned, together, about 
 nine hundred acres. He was known as one of the best far- 
 mers of the county for that day. For some years he had 
 charge of the Sugar Grove post-office, kept at his house. 
 This office was discontinued on the establishment of a post- 
 office at Versailles. He was elected a representative in the 
 legislature in 1842, over James Singleton, the present repre- 
 sentative in Congress, who ran as the Whig candidate. He 
 was the first member of the board of supervisors from Ver- 
 sailles township. In his polities he was a Democrat. He 
 was a man of great energy, and throughout his life accom- 
 plished a vast amount of hard work. He died on the 4th of 
 Nov., 1877. Of his seven children, two died in infancy, and 
 one (Eliza), at the age of twenty-three. Four are living : 
 John Henry Hambaugh, of Mt. Sterling ; James Stephen 
 Hambaugh, of Jacksonville ; Mary Frances, wife of Charles 
 Price, of Cass county ; and Joseph M. Hambaugh, now liv- 
 ing on the old homestead farm. He was a man widely known 
 throughout the county, and universally respected as a good 
 citizen. 
 
 . WILLIAM W. GLAZE. 
 
 William W. Glaze, of Versailles, was born in Scioto 
 county, Ohio, on the 18th of Feruary, 1825. The family is of 
 German descent, his ancestors coming from Germany and 
 settling in Virginia at an early period. His grandfather, 
 Abraham Glaze, moved from Virginia to Ohio, and was one 
 of the pioneer settlers of Scioto county in that state, mak- 
 ing his home there when settlers were few, and purchasing 
 his land from the government. His father, Jacob Glaze, 
 was born and raised in Scioto county, and there married 
 Rachel Rardin, a native of Portsmouth, Ohio. Her father, 
 Daniel Rardin, had been a soldier in the war of the Revolu- 
 tion. The subject of this biography was the oldest of six 
 children. He was brought up on a farm. In March, 1850, 
 lie married Mazilla Coleman who, was born and raised in the 
 same county with himself. He was farming in Scioto county 
 till 1856, and then came to this state in March of that year, 
 settling on his present farm within the corporate limits of the 
 town of Versailles, where he has since resided. His farm 
 consists of two hundred and seventy-six acres. He has six 
 children : Thomas, Mary Jane, the wife of James Patterson ; 
 Maggie, who married John Flattery; Andrew Jackson, Car- 
 rie, and Julia. His political opinions have attached him to 
 the Democratic party from 1848, when he cast his first vote 
 for president for Lewis Cass. For a number of years he 
 has been a member of the board of trustees of the town of 
 Versailles, and has filled other public offices. For two 
 terms he represented Versailles township in the board of 
 supervisors.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 305 
 
 Success is the creature of energy and tact. Men may 
 sometimes blunder into fame or fortune, but, unless they pos- 
 sess sterling qualities, the sequel to their lives is apt to prove 
 that they were unworthily entrusted with great advantages. 
 Opportunities come to every man, but only a few seize upon 
 them and rise with them to success. Men spring to the 
 front and become prominent as leaders. It is not so much 
 because their opportunities are greater, but that they possess 
 the qualities which in all ages have been recognized as the 
 masters of success, and by which they are enabled to take 
 advantage of that 
 
 " tide in the affairs of men 
 
 Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune." 
 
 Among the former residents of Brown county whose lives 
 illustrate these truths, was Ashford D. Ravenscroft, for 
 many years a merchant at Versailles. He came to the 
 county with but little capital, opened the first store in the 
 town of Versailles, and by his superior business qualities 
 built up a fortune, which at his death was second in magni- 
 tude to that of no other person in the county. The family 
 from which he was descended was of English origin, and at 
 an early date settled in Virginia. His parents were James 
 and Charlotte Ravenscroft. His mother, whose maiden 
 name was Dowden, was a member of an old and well-known 
 39 
 
 Virginia family of considerable influence and wealth. Ash- 
 ford Dowden Itavcnscroft was one of a family of six chil- 
 dren, of whom five were sons and one a daughter. He was 
 born at Romney, Hampshire county, Virginia, near the 
 North Branch of the Potomac river, on the 22d of June, 
 1808. 
 
 His youth was spent in Virginia. He had the ordinary 
 advantages in the way of schools. His naturally quick 
 intellectual perceptions made him capable of rapidly im- 
 proving his opportunities, and in early life he laid the foun- 
 dation for a thorough business education. As a boy he was 
 self-reliant, and early displayed those strong business char- 
 acteristics which marked his career in after life. In the 
 year 1832, then twenty-four years of age, he left Virginia, 
 and made his home at Hillsboro, Highland county, Ohio. 
 He soon gained the confidence of the people of that county, 
 and was elected sheriff. A visit to Illinois, while he was a 
 resident of Ohio, made him acquainted with the advantages 
 of the section of country now comprised in Brown county, 
 and in the year 1836 he came to Versailles, of which place 
 he was afterward a resident till his death. He was, at the 
 time he came to this county, twenty-eight years old. His 
 means were moderate, and consisted of less than a thousand 
 dollars, which had been accumulated by his own efforts. 
 
 The town of Versailles had been recently projected, and
 
 306 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 was just starting into active growth. On looking over the 
 ground, he decided that it would be a good place in which 
 to embark in the mercantile business. During the winter 
 of 1836-1837 he erected a frame building of two rooms, in 
 which he began selling goods the following June. The entry 
 on his books shows that he sold the first article from this 
 store on the twenty-fifth day of June, 1837. To the origi- 
 nal frame building an addition was afterward made, and for 
 some years it was used both as a store and a residence. It 
 is still standing on Main street in Versailles. This store 
 was the first in the town ; others, from time to time, made 
 ventures in the mercantile business, and finding it unprofit- 
 able, abandoned the field ; but he kept on, building up each 
 year a larger trade, as the population of the surrounding 
 country increased and the people came to know him as a 
 business man. He became owner of part of the town site, 
 and to him is due much of the prosperity and growth of 
 Versailles. 
 
 On the 21st of November, 1841, he married Mary F. 
 Casteen, who was born near Versailles, Woodford county, 
 Kentucky. Her father, Henry Casteen, was a Virginian by 
 birth, who early went to Kentucky, and in 1832 came to 
 Illinois, and settled within a mile of the present town of 
 Versailles. Of this town he was one of the original pro- 
 prietors, and the fact that he came from the vicinity of 
 Versailles in Kentucky, was the circumstance which gave 
 the place its present name. Mrs. Ravenscroft's mother's 
 name was Lucinda Peters. 
 
 Mr. Ravenscroft continued the mercantile business at 
 Versailles, and made it the means of acquiring a generous 
 competence. He gained the confidence of the people, was 
 upright and honorable in his dealings, and was eminently 
 successful as a business man. A few years previous to his 
 death he became troubled with the rheumatism, with which, 
 in March, 1872, he was confiued to his bed for a week. He 
 it covered sufficiently to visit a daughter in Missouri, and to 
 attend to his ordinary business affairs. On the 19th of 
 April, 1872, having suffered much pain through the early 
 part of the day, at two o'clock in the afternoon, while in 
 his store, he was suddenly seized with severe illness, and 
 expired in the presence of his two daughters, Lydia and 
 Katie. His funeral, which took place on the 23d of April, 
 is said to have been the most largely attended of any 
 that ever took place in the county. He had numerous 
 friends and acquaintances in this part of the State, who 
 sincerely mourned his loss. His body was buried in the old 
 Casteen grave-yard, but was afterward removed to the Ver- 
 sailles cemetery, where his last resting-place is marked by 
 a handsome and costly monument of marble, erected to his 
 memory by the surviving members of his family. 
 
 As a business man he had few superiors in the county. 
 He had unusual energy and ambition, and a perseverance in 
 which most men are lacking. Nature had endowed him 
 with intellectual qualities beyond those of most men. Though 
 he possessed great shrewdness as a merchant and a financier 
 he would have been successful in almost any calling. He 
 had gained a thorough knowledge of the law, as far as 
 it relates to ordinary business transactions, and it was often 
 
 remarked that he would have risen to high rank in the legal 
 profession. His portrait shows him to have been a man of 
 unusual power, of ready resources, and of self-reliance. 
 
 In his business transactions he was generous as well as. 
 just, and many acts of kindness and benevolence marked 
 his life. He had many mild and gentle qualities, which 
 made for him warm friendships, and greatly endeared him 
 to his wife and children. He was cheerful and sociable in 
 his disposition, and his domestic relations were unusually 
 happy. 
 
 In his political belief he was first a Whig, and afterward 
 became an earnest Republican. He possessed a talent for 
 public affairs, and was well informed as to the political 
 issues of the day. He was elected a member of the board 
 of supervisors from Versailles township, in 1856, and again 
 in 1861 and 1862. Of his five children, Mattie Charlotte 
 died on the 15th of May, 1856, at the age of four years. 
 The four living are William Henry Ravenscroft ; Lucinda 
 J., who married Thomas H. Graves; Lydia A., the wife of 
 William Yates, of Pike county ; and Virginia C. Raven- 
 scroft. 
 
 THOMAS E. ROOT. 
 
 The Roots came to this country from England, though 
 the family is said to be of French extraction, the ancestors 
 emigrating to England from France at the time of the 
 Huguenot persecution in the latter country. Thomas and 
 John Root of Badley, Northamptonshire. England, came to 
 America in the year 1637, Thomas Root settling at Hart- 
 ford, and John Root at Farmington, Connecticut. From 
 these two, the different members of the Root family in the 
 ; United States are believed to be descended. Samuel Root, 
 i the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born at 
 Piermont, New Hampshire, in 1775 ; married Ruth Crook, 
 and in the year 1819 removed to the State of Kentucky . 
 his death occurred in Brown county of this state, on the 
 9th of September, 1829. Erastus Root, the father of 
 Thomas E. Root, was born at Piermont, New Hampshire, 
 December 11th, 1799. He was about twenty years old 
 when the family removed to Kentucky. On the 29th of 
 November, 1826, he married Ann Maria Lawson, of Meade 
 county, Kentucky, a native of Baltimore, Maryland, whose 
 father was one of the early residents of Kentucky. Di- 
 rectly after his marriage he came to Illinois ; he remained 
 in the neighborhood of Carrollton, Greene county, till 1828 . 
 when he came to what is now Brown county, and settled in 
 section twenty-one of township two south, range two west. 
 He selected a location along the bluff with his farm mostly 
 in the Illinois river bottom. He died on the 26th of 
 February, 1845. His wife died on the 28th of Janu- 
 ary, 1872. 
 
 Thomas E. Root is the eighth of a family of ten chil. 
 dren, and was born on the 17th of October, 1839; he 
 was raised on the farm on which his father had settled 
 on coming to the county in 1828, and the district schools 
 supplied his advantages for obtaining an education. Feb- 
 ruary 23d, 1862, he married Pauline Withers, the fifth of
 
 FARM RESIDENCE OF ELIHU 1/ 'ANDEVEN1 ER ' S EC. 1 5.T.2 , R .2 
 
 TP.J BROWN CO . ILL.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 307 
 
 eight children, of Quintal and Sarah Withers. Her father 
 was born in Culpepper county, Virginia, in November, 
 1804, and when two years old accompanied his father to 
 Bourbon county, Kentucky, where he grew to manhood and 
 learned the trade of a carpenter. From Kentucky he went 
 to Missouri, and there, about the year 1830, married Sarah 
 Sallee. He settled in section nine of township two south, 
 range two west, in this county in the year 1838, on land 
 which he purchased from the government. Mrs. Root's 
 parents are now living in Chautauqua county, Kansas. After 
 his marriage, Mr. Root purchased land north of Versailles, 
 and has since lived in that part of the county. He is now 
 a resident of section eight, township two south, range two 
 west. Of his six children, two died in infancy ; the four 
 living are Joseph Franklin, born December 12th, 1862 ; 
 Moses Albert, born April 1st, 1870 ; Sarah Frances, born 
 December 6th, 1872; and John Virgil, born December 
 25th, 1875. 
 
 In his political views he was formerly identified with the 
 Republican Party. His vote, in 1860, helped to elect Abra- 
 ham Lincoln, the first Republican President of the United 
 States. He continued to act with the Republicans till 1878, 
 since which time his opinions on the subject of the finances 
 of the country have led him to support the National Green- 
 back organization. He became connected with the Union 
 Baptist Church in 1859, of which he was a member till 
 1875, when he became connected with the Missionary Bap- 
 tists. He has been a regularly ordained Baptist minister 
 since 1867. In the religious welfare of the county, and 
 especially in the establishment and support of Sabbath - 
 schools, he has taken a great interest. 
 
 1881, he was married to Miss Maggie Glaze, daughter of W. 
 W. Glaze, of Versailles. From his early youth he has been 
 an ardent Democrat in politics. In 1878, then only twenty- 
 two years of age, he was elected collector of Versailles town- 
 ship. In 1882, he received the Democratic nomination for 
 county clerk, and if elected, will probably be the youngest 
 person filling that position in the State. 
 
 JOHN A. FLATTERY. 
 
 John A. Flattery, who, at this writing, is the nominee of 
 the Democratic party for the office of county clerk of Brown 
 county, was born at Versailles, on the second of January 
 1856. His father, Thomas Flattery, was a native of Ireland, 
 and coming to America when a young man first lived in the 
 neighborhood of New Orleans. He subsequently came to 
 Illinois, and married Catharine McCormick, sister of Thomas 
 and James McCormick, at present leading business men of 
 Versailles. The subject of this biography was the third of 
 a family of ten children, of whom five are now living. Most 
 of his early days were spent at Versailles, though from 1866 to 
 1871 the family lived at Mi Sterling. At the latter place ' 
 his education was chiefly obtained in a school carried on under 
 the direction of the Rev. Father Cogan, a gentleman of con- | 
 siderable learning and much experience in educational mat- 
 ters. In 1873, Mr. Flattery, then seventeen years of age, be- 
 came clerk in the store of James McCormick, at Versailles, 
 and retained this position till 1880. For many years he 
 was also connected with the sewing machine business. These 
 occupations gave him opportunity to make extensive 
 acquaintances, not only in Versailles and adjoining town- 
 ships, but over the whole county. On the 7th of December, 
 
 ALEX. D. SIX. 
 
 The Six family is of German origin. The great-great- 
 grandfather of Dr. Six was the first of the family to come 
 to America, and all persons bearing the name of Six in the 
 United States are supposed to be his descendants. Accord- 
 ing to tradition the original ancestor of the Six family in 
 America was sent from Germany by his father on account of 
 some difficulty in which he had become involved by reason 
 of violating the regulations concerning the killing of game, 
 which at that time were very strict in that country. He 
 settled in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, married there, 
 and raised a large family. The name was then spelled ac- 
 cording to the German method, " Saxe," but became angli- 
 cized in Virginia to its present form. The Sixes comprised 
 a well-known family in the Shenandoah Valley, and some of 
 its members were men celebrated lor their fine physical pro- 
 portions and were noted Indian fighters. The mother of 
 Louis Wetzel, the celebrated pioneer and hunter, was a Six, 
 the cousin of John Six, the grandfather of the subject of this 
 sketch. 
 
 John Six was the oldest of his father's family, and at the 
 age of sixteen filled his stepfather's place in the colonial 
 army in the war of the Revolution. He was present at the 
 siege of Yorktown and the surrender of Cornwallis. Soon 
 after the Revolution he went to Pennsylvania to work at his 
 trade of a joiner, or carpenter, and there married Mary Du- 
 vall. Shortly after this event, John Six moved to Tennessee. 
 He settled in a wild country on the frontier, where it was 
 necessary to be constantly on guard against the attacks of ' 
 the Indians. From Tennessee he moved to Kentucky, and 
 there followed a hunter's life. He kept in advance of the 
 settlements, and in the fall hunted deer and other game. 
 For his venison and hams he found a market on the Ohio 
 river. He moved from Kentucky to Scott county, Illinois, 
 in 1825. The last fifteen years of his life were spent in 
 South Prairie, in Pike county. He died in this county at 
 the house of his son, David Six, in the year 1848, at the age 
 of eighty-four. 
 
 David Six, father of the subject of this sketch, was born 
 in Tennessee in 1799. At the age of twelve he immigrated 
 with his father to Kentucky. His early life was spent en- 
 tirely on the frontier. In 1819, at the age of twenty, he 
 married Elizabeth Cox who, at that time, was only fifteen. 
 In 1823 he came to the Sangamon country, in this State, 
 from there removed to Greene county, thence to what 
 was then Morgan county, (afterward Scott) and in 1828 to 
 what is now Brown county.
 
 308 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Dr. A. D. Six was the fifth of twelve children. Born in 
 what is now Scott (then Morgan) county, May 31st, 1828, 
 he was only a few months old at the time his father settled 
 in this county. His boyhood and youth were spent in the 
 neighborhood of Mt. Sterling He began the study of medi- 
 cine with Dr. James N. Allen, of Mt. Sterling, in 1856, 
 and graduated from the Rush Medical College, at Chicago, 
 in 1859. He began the practice of his profession at Mount 
 Pleasant, in Lee township. In the spring of 1860, he went 
 to Colorado to try his fortune in the Pike's Peak country, in 
 which gold had recently been discovered. After spending 
 two years in Colorado, he traveled with mule teams to the 
 Salmon river mines, in the present territory of Montana. 
 His company was the first to explore part of this region, and 
 in the early part of August, 1862, on the extreme head 
 waters of the Missouri river, four hundred and fifty miles 
 north of Salt Lake City, discovered the first gold ever found 
 in Montana. Dr. Six there established a placer digging. 
 In the fall he brought from Salt Lake City their winter's 
 supply of provisions, the journey there and back covering 
 
 nine hundred miles. The winter of 1862-63 was spent at 
 East Bannock, Montana. The next winter he visited south- 
 ern California, fifteen hundred miles distant, returning to the 
 mines in the spring of 1864. In the summer of the last 
 named year he engaged in mining at Helena, Montana, a 
 mining settlement which had recently sprung into existence. 
 January, 1866, he went to Salt Lake City, and thence made 
 his way to the Missouri river by stage, and thence came to 
 Illinois. His mining ventures had proved remunerative. 
 While in the mountains his knowledge of medicine and sur- 
 gery were frequently brought into requisition, there often 
 being no other physician within a great distance. He spent 
 the summer after his return home in Texas. From 1869 to 
 1873, he was in the drug and grocery business at Mt. Ster- 
 ling. The latter year he bought his present farm in section 
 twenty-eight of township 2 south, range 2 west, where he 
 has resided since 1875. His farm contains four hundred 
 acres. May 14th, 1867, he married Elizabeth Osborn of 
 Lee township. His three children are named Charles, Fred, 
 and Jessie. He belongs to the Democratic party. 
 
 >iJ 3 ti$& mi*m* 
 
 BROWNING TOWNSHIP. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 ♦ V o— %»■ 
 
 AS so named in honor of 0. H. Browning, 
 of Quincy. It is situated in the south- 
 eastern part of Schuyler county along 
 the Illinois river, and is irregular in 
 shape. The surface is much broken, 
 \'/WHfif/'&/\ consisting along the Illinois bottom of 
 ^iflfep' rugged bluffs. It was originally timbered, 
 
 ** and it contains but a small quantity of 
 
 prairie. The streams and water-courses are still well- wooded 
 with oak, hickory, ash, walnut, sycamore, linden, maple, etc., 
 sufficient for building purposes, fuel and fences. The soil is 
 quite productive, and in some parts, especially in the fertile bot- 
 tom, yields bountifully to the hand of labor. The township is 
 well supplied with streams, sufficient for water-power and for 
 cattle. Sugar creek, the principal stream tributary to the 
 Illinois river, enters the township through the northern 
 boundary toward the west and flows south forming a portion 
 of the boundary line between this township and Frederick. 
 The township is traversed throughout its entire extent from 
 its northern, -southwesterly through its southern boundary 
 by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. 
 
 The first settlement in the township was made in the year 
 1826, by William Robertson; he was a native of North 
 Carolina ; he came to Schuyler county from Kentucky, 
 attracted by the quantity of game that then abounded 
 here, and settled on the southeast quarter of section 16. 
 His nearest neighbor was six miles distant in the Chadsey 
 settlement. After he had built a cabin in the wilderness, 
 by an excellent spring of water, which is still there, he en- 
 gaged principally in the pursuit of hunting, of which he 
 was very fond. Honey was very plentiful, and Mr Robin- 
 son could stand in the doorway of his cabin and point out 
 a dozen bee-trees. This article of traffic, together with the 
 venison hams, he used to carry to St. Louis in an Indian 
 bark canoe. The Indians were quite numerous in those 
 days, and he used to hunt with them, frequently stopping in 
 their wigwams. By his intercourse with them he became 
 quite familliar with their language ; he was a short, stout 
 man and his great strength and endurance enabled him to 
 bear the hardships of the hunter's life which he loved so well ; 
 he was married to Elizabeth Kirklin, Esquire Isaac Lane 
 officiating. Nine children were reared as the fruit of this
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 309 
 
 marriage, five of whom are now living — George in Texas ; 
 Alexander in Browning, on a portion of the old place; Joel 
 on the old homestead ; Sarah, wife of William E. Walton, 
 in Missouri, and Malcomb in Macon county. Illinois. He 
 died in the year 1806 ; his wife following him on life's last 
 journey in 1872. It was not long after William Robertson 
 had settled, until Alexander and Daniel Robertson came- 
 They were not related to each other, being of entirely 
 different families, and the two latter named did not remain 
 more than a year in this vicinity. 
 
 In August of the year 1828, four brothers, Thomas T, 
 AVilliam, Henry and Hartwell Lancaster, natives of Ken- 
 tucky, came to Schuyler county and settled in Browning on 
 section 22. They all worked together and clear d a small 
 quantity of land. In the year 1829 they were followed by 
 their brother Gabriel and their mother Elizabeth. The 
 brothers, after marrying and rearing families, all died except 
 Hartwell and Thomas T., both of whom reside in the town- 
 ship, the latter on section 10, where he has been since 1832. 
 On March 1st, 1831, he was married to Elizabeth Jackson, 
 by Enquire Isaac Lane. Ten children were born to Mr. and 
 Mrs. Lancaster, seven of whom are still living. In his 
 younger days he was a skillful and successful hunter. In 
 the fall of 1829, he gathered a barrel of strained honey and 
 peddled it out in Morgan county ; he is now (1882) seventy- 
 five years old, hale and hearty, and made this year a full 
 hand in the harvest field. When they came William Robert 
 son was the only man residing in what in now Browning 
 township, Alexander and Daniel Robertson, above mentioned, 
 liaviffg left 
 
 Isaac Lane, the next settler, was a Kentuckian, and came 
 with his wife to the township in the fall of 1828, and settled 
 on the southwest quarter of section 16. Here was born to 
 them the first child ever born in the township. Its name was 
 Sarah, and it died in infancy. Isaac Lane was a large, 
 muscular man, weighing about two hundred pounds ; he was 
 an early justice of the peace ; his father, Adrian Lane, lived 
 with him for a short time ; he left this place for California 
 about the year 1850, and died on the way. 
 
 Shelton Luttrell settled on section 16 in 1828, where he 
 reared a large family and where his widow still lives ; he 
 came from Tennessee, and was an old pensioner of the war of 
 1812; he died in March, 1882, at the age of eighty-seven 
 years, at the old place on section 16. George W. Justus 
 and his wife came from Tenneesse in 1828 and settled in the 
 vicinity of Ridgeville. Of his children there are living F. 
 M., M. L., Martha A , widow of William Chatman deceased, 
 G. C , J. O. and T.J. Justus. George W.Justus died in 1866 ; 
 his wife, whose maiden name was Susan Bates, dbd in 1864. 
 
 John M. Campbell, in the fall of 1829, came from North 
 Carolina, and settled on section 14; he brought with him a 
 wife and children ; he was twice married, and one of his family 
 is known to be still living, Charles Campbell, who resides in 
 Texas; he held the office of county commissioner for a 
 number of years, and died several years ago on the section 
 where he first settled, at the age of seventy-five. In the 
 same year came Stephen Robertson and his wife from Ken- 
 tucky and settled in the township. In the spring of 1831 > 
 
 they moved to Macoupin county. John Baker came from 
 Tennessee bringing his family with him, and settled on sec- 
 tion 23, in the same year. Some of his descendants are yet 
 living here, but he moved to Morgau county, where he sub- 
 sequently died George Garrison, a native of Ohio, came 
 and settled on the south half of section 29, where he bought 
 a pre-emption right from Larkin Baker, who had been there 
 long enough to fence in about twelve acres of land and to 
 build a log cabin and a stable. He came to the county by 
 wagons drawn by a team of horses and a team of oxen. The 
 value of his entire personal effects at that time did not, 
 perhaps, exceed $350. His family consisted of his wife and 
 two daughters; Mary is the wife of David Cox, of Kansas, 
 and Emma the wife of Ebenezer Vail, of McDonough county, 
 Illinois. 
 
 George Skiles was a native of Maryland, and arrived in 
 the county December 2d, 1826, settling on the sixteenth sec- 
 tion of Rushville township; he had lived in Tennessee, 
 and from that state he was with General Jackson at the 
 battle of New Orleans. In the fall of 1816 he went to 
 Indiana ; subsequently he removed to Kentucky, where he 
 remained till 1819, when he went to Missouri. From this 
 state he came to Schuyler county, bringing with him a family 
 of eleven children, seven of whom are still living, four 
 daughters and ihree'sons; John lives in the town of Brown- 
 ing, James R in McD mough county and William C. in Ne- 
 braska. All three are ministers of the gospel. George Skiles 
 held the first coroner's inquest ever held in the county ; he 
 held it over the b >dy of George Everett, shot and killed by 
 James Morgan. Jonathan Reno, a native of Tennessee, 
 came in the fall of 1825 to Schuyler county, and settled first 
 in Bainbridge township, where he lived a year ; he next 
 settled on section 16 of Rushville township, and in the year 
 1830 moved to McDonough county After the lapse of some 
 time he returned to Schuyler county, and remained about 
 three years ; he finally went to Missouri, where he died. He 
 had ten children, only one of whom, J nathan, became a 
 permanent settler in the county. Jonathan settled on sec- 
 tion 22, of Browning, in 1849 ; he has seven children, all 
 living in Schuyler county. David Wallace, a native of 
 Tennessee, in 1825 settled on th^aortheast quarter of section 
 21, of Rushville township, where he lived for five years ; he 
 then went to McDonough county. After his roving dis- 
 position had led him to many changes of residence he died 
 in Schuyler county. Of his eight children, Alfred, Moses, 
 James, Oliver, Thomas. John and three daughters all are 
 now living except Moses ; Alfred is now living at an advanced 
 age in Browning ; he was born in Tennesf ee in the year 1 81*6. 
 He came up the river on board the " Red Rover," in June, 
 1828, on one of the first trips ever made up the Illinois by 
 steamer ; he has ever been an active man, and assisted in 
 building one of the first water-mills constructed in the 
 county in 1828. 
 
 The first school was taught in a small log cabin, by 
 Nathaniel Glover, a teacher from Tennessee. This was in 
 the year 18 : >5. The first building erected exclusively for 
 school purposes was built at Ridgeville. 
 
 The pioneer perhaps sutlers less from almost every other
 
 310 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 cause than from insufficient mills to grind the meager harvest 
 won from the primitive soil. The subject of mills, therefore, 
 engaged the early attention of the first settler, and George 
 Skiles, David Wallace and Alfred C. Wallace set to work 
 vigorously and erected the first mill in the year 1829, on 
 Sugar creek, in section 20. It was a rude log structure and 
 was at first merely a saw-mill. Two run of burrs, one for 
 wheat and one for corn, were added in 1831. The dam was 
 constructed of logs and dirt, and a portion of it yet remains 
 to remind us of those primitive days. About the same time 
 Benjamin Chadsey and a man named Jordan, built the 
 same kind of a mill a little below on the stream. In the 
 spring of 1829-, Thomas Justus, brother-in-law of George 
 Skiles, built a combined saw and grist-mill above the Skiles 
 mill. And above the Justus' mill, a little later, a mill was 
 started by William McKee. Wilcox and Teal built a mill 
 just above the point where the bridge crosses the creek on 
 the Frederick and Browning road. 
 
 The first marriage in the township was celebrated be- 
 tween William Robertson and Elizabeth Kirklin. The first 
 birth was that of Sarah Lane, daughter of Isaac Lane. She 
 died in infancy. The first Justice of Peace was Isaac Lane, 
 whose official presence seems to have been much sought after 
 by wooing swains and love-sick maidens- 
 
 The first patents to land were issued November 20, 1817 ; 
 John Miller for N. E. i of section 1 ; October 6, 1817, to 
 G. S- Douglass for N. E. } of section 3, and to Lemuel 
 Latenion forX. W. i of section 3; December 22d, 1817, to 
 Michael Howell for S. E. i of section 4 ; October 24, 1817, to 
 Isaac Harrison for S. W. i of section 6, and October 23, 
 1817, to John A. McDonald for S. E. 1 of section 6. 
 
 The county was placed under the township organization 
 in the year 1854, and John Bogue was chosen supervisor. 
 He was succeeded in 1855 by John M. Campbell, who was 
 followed in the office by Thomas J. Kinney, who served two 
 years, 1856-7. John M. Campbell was again chosen in 1858, 
 and served two years. In 1860, John Parish was made supervi- 
 sor. He was followed in 1S61 by John M. Campbell, who served 
 for three years, the last one 1863, as chairman of the board. 
 Benjamin Walton was supervisor in 1864, and Stephen 
 Strong in 1863. Jonathan Bene was chosen in 1866, and 
 served two years. In 1868 John M. Campbell was again 
 chosen and was made chairman of the board. Jonathan 
 Beno was re-elected in 1869. William C Ventors held the 
 office in 1870. He was followed, 1871, by William C. Beno. 
 A. B. Marshall was elected in 1872, and served two terms. 
 Sherman B. Dray held the office for the next two years, and 
 was chairman of the board in 1 375. William C. Beno was 
 again chosen for 1876. He was followed in 1877, by Mark 
 Bogue; Bogue resigned and William C. Beno was elected in 
 December 1877 to fill the vacancy. Mr. Beno held the 
 office till 1880, when he was succeeded in 1881 by William 
 Bader, who was re elected in 1882, and is the present incum- 
 bent. 
 
 VILLAGE OF BROWNING 
 
 Is situated on the W- 1 of section 26. It was surveyed and 
 platted by Leonidas Horney for B. Dilworth. The plat was 
 
 recorded in the office of the circuit clerk, May 11, 1848. Its 
 position on the Illinois river made it at an early day an im- 
 portant shipping point. Vessels from Pittsburg discharged 
 their cargoes here and regular lines of packets run to it from 
 St. Louis. Long lines of teams might be seen every day 
 awaiting their turn at the warehouse. The town also ob- 
 tained an early importance in a mercantile point of view. 
 
 The first settler on the present town site was John Lip- 
 pencott, who located as early as 1829. The next settler was 
 Peter Holmes, in 1830, after whom the place was at one 
 time called Holmes' Landing. 
 
 James Austin sold the first goods from a small general 
 stock kept in a log cabin about 1849. A year or two later 
 Benjamin Kirkbride sold goods from a more complete stock 
 kept in a frame building. In 1850 A. L. Wells had a store 
 and freight house at what was formerly called Vermont Land- 
 ing, a short distance up the river. B. B. Dilworth kept store 
 on the present site of the ware-house. It was destroyed by fire 
 in 1 853 and the present ware-house soon followed. George 
 McEvans then built a store in the town and did business for 
 three or four years, whenhe sold to Albert and Marion Bates. 
 In the meantime G. B. and Wiley Hollingsworth built a 
 store and sold goods for a few years. _ Among the early 
 merchants may be mentioned the names of J. G. and H. H. 
 Lassater, Charles Early, Charles Dilworth, S. F. Wallace, 
 and E. M. and T. H. Bradley. 
 
 The first school in the village was taught by Miss Dil- 
 worth. The first school-house, a small frame building, was 
 built in 1854 In it was taught the village school until 1874, 
 when the present school-house was built It was a two story 
 brick building, and was erected at a cost of $2400, including 
 equipments. 
 
 The town is at present in a thriving condition, and besides 
 the handsome school building it has a neat frame church 
 edifice of the Christian denomination and a lodge building, 
 also frame. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Browning Flouring Mill was built on a former mill site in 
 1878. It is owned and operated by M. L. Justus. It does 
 a combined custom and merchant business, and has three 
 run of burrs with a capacity of two barrels per hour. The 
 other business of the town is as follows : 
 
 General Merchandise. — S. B. Dray, Thomas H. Bradley, 
 and George W. Fowler. 
 
 Groceries and Hardware. — James M. Oarlock. 
 
 Drugs and Medicines. — J. S. Blac kinship. 
 
 Physician. — J. S. Blackenship. 
 
 Postmaster.— S. B. Dray. 
 
 Blacksmith.— Turner B. Miller. 
 
 Hotel— W. C Ballman and J. P. Campbell. 
 
 SOCIETY. 
 
 Browning Lodge No. 309 I. O. O. F., was chartered in 
 April, 1864, with William Bader, Daniel Ivins,EliasGibbs, 
 George W. Garrett, Henry Ventors and others as members. 
 Its present membership numbers about twenty-five. Its 
 financial condition is good.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 311 
 
 VILLAGE OF OCEOLA. 
 
 It is situated in the S. E. \ of the S. W. i of section 2, 
 and was surveyed and platted August 5th, 1870, by J. 
 Stumm, Deputy County Surveyor, for Samuel Fowler. The 
 name of the post-office is Baders. A neat frame church of 
 the Christian denomination, graces the village, and a com- 
 modious and well built school-house shows that the people 
 are not unmindful of the important matter of education. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 General Merchandise. — S. D. and W. Bader & Co. 
 
 Hardware. — Eli Hartly. 
 
 Saw Mill.— Bader & Co. 
 
 Postmaster. — S. J. Gibbs. 
 
 The village of Ridgeville was laid out by Isaac Garrett, 
 April 19th, 1836, on section 16. It was the voting place 
 before the township organization. The name is still per- 
 petuated as the title of the church and the school there. 
 
 The farming industry of Browning Township is quite im- 
 portant, and notwithstanding the brokenness of much of the 
 surface it has some very productive farms. The total num- 
 ber of farms in the township is 155. The population in- 
 cluding town is 1529. 
 
 >S3tr03BCC > t£g' 
 
 LITTLETON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 HIS is the best and most finely improved 
 of all the townships in the county ; and 
 here we find the model farms, the most 
 beautiful farm residences, elegantly fur- 
 nished with all the conveniences of 
 modern life. The pastures are dotted 
 with blooded stock, and the large and 
 commodious barns are tenanted by fine 
 horses and comfortable and handsome 
 carriages. Beneath surrounding sheds 
 stand the latest and best improved machinery of all kinds 
 necessary for the successful cultivation of the soil. As one 
 drives along the well-kept roads, feelings of pleasure well 
 up in his breast, as field after field of golden grain, or green 
 corn meets the eye upon all sides, while the ear is not unfre- 
 quently greeted with strains of sweet music issuing from 
 the farm houses by the way-side, indicating that the wives 
 and daughters of the proprietors have time for the cultiva- 
 tion of the taste as well as for labor. Littleton is one of the 
 northern tier of townships. McDonough county borders 
 on the north, Oakland on the east, Buena Vista on the 
 south, and Brooklyn on the west. Its entire surface is slight- 
 ly rolling prairie, highly productive, naturally, and im- 
 proved by extensive tilling. There is sufficient timber 
 along the water courses to answer all demands for fencing 
 and fuel. Horney Branch in the northwestern corner, 
 Brushy creek in the southwest, and streams in each of the 
 other corners afford an ample water supply and the neces- 
 sary drainage. Military patents for services in the war of 
 1812 were issued for land in this township as early as 1817 
 
 to the following named persons: Jacob Newman re- 
 ceived a warrant for the S. W. i of section 11, on the 27th 
 of November ; John Cyphers, for the N E. I of section 8 ; 
 and Charles Hodgedon for the N. W. i of the same section on 
 the 29th of November ; Amasa Turner, for the N. E. i of sec- 
 tion 5, December 6 ; John Merritt, for the S. E. i of section 
 13, December 15 ; and Benjamin Spearmin, for the S. E. 
 i of section 10, December 27. 
 
 This township was one of the earliest settled in the county. 
 Its fertile soil, beautiful location and proximity to the first 
 settlement made, were circumstances that soon attracted the 
 attention of the pioneers, and David Trainor, a yonng 
 man, was the first to enter the township in the summer of 
 1825. He built a cabin, put in a crop in the weeds, and 
 then went back to his former home, and in the spring of 1826 
 returned with his father. He improved the W. J of the N. 
 E. i of section 27. 
 
 The next to seek a home within its inviting borders were 
 Thomas McKee and his son-in-law, Garrett WycofF, with 
 their families. They both settled upon the S. E. i of sec- 
 tion 35, in the spring of 1826, at which time they had moved 
 up from Bainbridge. McKee was susequently killed in a 
 coal mine in Rushville, and Wycoff subsequently sold his 
 interests in that portion of the township, and about the fall 
 of 1832, took possession of, and improved the S. W. } of sec- 
 tion 19. His cabin he constructed of clapboards in form of 
 a frame house. He was a native of Maryland, and died 
 upon his last improvement in the township, leaving a large 
 family of children, some of whom are now residents. John 
 Ritchey was a native of Pennsylvania, where he married
 
 812 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 and came to Cincinnati, and from there to Schuyler county 
 in the fall of 1824, bringing his wife, and Martha, Daniel, 
 Addison B., his childn n, and first settled in Buena Vista, 
 where he remained until the fall of 1824, sold out and then 
 moved around, and in the spring of 1826 came into Little- 
 ton and took up the S. W- i of section 35, which he pur- 
 chased from Garrett Wycoff, December 7, 1826. The first 
 summer he spent in a camp constructed of clapboards rest- 
 ing upon a ridge-pole. The beds were made upon the ground, 
 until one morning in makiug them up, a large rattlesnake 
 was discovered in a bed from which one of the children had 
 just been taken, and then Mr. Ritchey made bunks by driv- 
 ing a forked stick of timber into the ground and laying 
 sticks across. He died in the township some years ago, 
 and several of his sons now reside here. David and Thomas 
 Blair, brothers, came from Bainbridge, also settled on the 
 N. W. t of section 36, about this time, but did not remain 
 long. James Trainor purchased from William H. Taylor 
 the E. i of the N. \V. i of section 27, on the 22d day of 
 December, 1825, and in the following spring came into the 
 township and made his home, building his rude cabin and 
 plodding along, in the manner of those days. 
 
 James H. Smith, who came from the southern part of Illi- 
 nois and who was commonly known as " Judy Smith," from 
 the fact of his replying when asked to trade, "that he would 
 h ive to see Judy," (his wife) was also one of the early set- 
 tlers in this section and one of the first in the county. He 
 purchased the N. E. } of section 27 from William H. Tay- 
 lor as early as December 24, 1825, and the following year 
 he made some li'tle improvement but did not remain long. 
 David Snyder, a native of Virginia, came from Kentucky — 
 •where he had married — in October 1830, direct to Littleton. 
 He brought a wife and four children, making the whole 
 journey in a four-horse wagon. He entered the N. i of the 
 N. E J of section 33, built a cabin and commenced a life 
 of toil, which ended only with his death, which occurred 
 some years ago in the township. He left several children, 
 Sarah, the wife of Major Joseph Walker, being one of the 
 number. Elijah M Wilson with his family of a wife and 
 four children was another of the pioneers from Kentucky, 
 who assisted in the settlement of this township. He arrived 
 in the spring of 18:31 and made bis home on the N. E i of 
 sec. 22. where he died several years since. James Thompson, a 
 Kentuckian, and one of the young men who made the jour- 
 ney from Indiana to this county with Joel Tullis in a 
 pirogue in October, 1823. first settling in Buena Vi-ta, but 
 selling his interests in that part of the county to his brother 
 and coming to this township in the early spring of 1831, a 
 single man, bought out a pre-empti m right to the S. W. i 
 of section 21, from James McKee, a son of Thomas McKee. 
 There was a cabin and some improvement in the way of 
 fencing and ground broken ready for cultivation, which had 
 been made by young McKee, who had lived there about 
 two years. The place was in the skirts of the timber bor- 
 dering on the prairie. Young Thompson built a new cabin 
 and made further improvements, and in the fall returned to 
 his old home in Kentucky, and on New Year's day, 1832, 
 was married to Miss Catharine Ciawford. He and his 
 
 young wife left Kentucky on the steamboat Water Witch. 
 and on 1st day of May, 1832, arrived at the new home which 
 he had prepared, where he died in 1843, leaving a large fam- 
 ily of children. The eldest son, William O, now occupies 
 the old homestead Richard P. Applegate came from 
 Kentucky with his wife and two children in the spring of 
 
 1832, first stopping at the house of Elijah M. Wilson, his 
 brother-in-law, until he purchased the claim of James 
 Trainor to the W I of the N. E i of section 27, where he 
 built a cabin in which he spent the remainder of 
 his days. His son, Madison, now lives on the old 
 homestead. William H. Crawford, of Kentucky, ar- 
 rived in the township in the spring of 1833, with a 
 wife and five children, and settled on the S E. } of section 
 20, which he occupied until his death, which occurred from 
 injuries received in a hurricane, while in the village of L : t- 
 tleton. He left a large family of children, Mrs. Jane Hor- 
 ney, the widow of Col. Leonidas Horney. b^ing a daughter, 
 and James Crawford, the superintendent of the U. S Mint 
 at Carson City, a son. Absalom Willey, Obadiah Griffin 
 and Mahlon Shaw, all having large families, were squatters 
 living in one small cabin on the S. W. i of section 21, in 
 
 1833. Randolph R>se, Diury Sellers, Michael Matheney, 
 Joseph Logan, Col. Samuel Horney George Garrison, Wil- 
 liam Lambert, James De Witt, Ji>hn S. Walker, Samuel 
 D.idd, Joseph W. Snyder, Adam Walker, the Wells' family, 
 Joseph Walker, may all be classed as old settlers, as all 
 came prior to 1840. 
 
 Lester Seward improved the N. E. }, section 3, in 1832 ; 
 Darius Runkle made the first improvement on section 
 4, in 1840; Samuel Dodds, section 5; Jonathan Horney, sec- 
 tion 6, in 1834; Thomas_ L°gg. section 7, in about 1838; 
 David Smith, section 14, iu 1835 ; Samuel Cooper, section 15, 
 in 1834 ; Hugh Hays, section 18, in 1832 ; Garrett Wycoff 
 section 19, in 1832; Obadiah Griffin, section 20, in 1832; 
 James McKee and Michael Matheney, section 21, in 1829 or 
 30 ; E. M. Wi son, section 22, in 1831 ; Thomas Cooper, sec- 
 tion 23, in 1833; James Traiuor, section 27; Thomas Bro- 
 naugh, section 28 ; James Thompson, section 29; Greenwood, 
 section 30, in 1831 ; Thomas Townsend, section 31 ; John 
 Logan, section 32 ; David Snyder, section 33 ; John Ritchey, 
 section 34 ; Thomas McKee, section 35 ; David and Thomas 
 Blair, section 36. 
 
 The first marriage in the township was that of James 
 Trainor and Mary Shields, which was celebrated on Christ- 
 mas day, 1828, by Thomas McKee, Justice of the Peace. 
 The first death was that of a young man, Solomon Stanbury, 
 who died at the cabin of Garrett Wycoff, and was buried 
 on the S. W. i of section 35, which became a grave yard, 
 and was the first in Littleton. The first school in Littleton 
 township was taught by Thomas Bronaugh in the summer 
 of 1835, in an old deserted cabin on the S. W. } of section 
 21. 
 
 Among the pupils in attenda-ce at Bronaugh's school were 
 Julia, Margaret, John and Ephraim Snyder, children of 
 David Snyder; Mirtha, Nancy, Evaline and Ludwell, 
 children of Elijah M. Wilson ; Eliza and Benjamin, chil- 
 dren of Richard 1' Applegate ; Andrew Wycoff a uephew,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 313 
 
 and John, Thomas, Asher, Daniel and Jacob, children of 
 Garrett Wycoff, and Jane, Elizabeth Ann aud Tolbert, chil- 
 dren of William H. Crawford. The first school-house was 
 built in 1838, on the S. W. i of section 19. School was 
 taught in old deserted cabins prior to that time. The first 
 sermon was preached by. Levin Green in the McKee settle- 
 ment ; and in the Snyder settlement by Rev. John Logan, a 
 Missionary Baptist, at the house of Elijah M. Wilson in 
 1835. The first church in the township was the Union 
 church, a frame building, erected in the village of Littleton 
 in 1847. The first physicians, who practiced, were Drs. 
 Teal, Blackburn, Rogers, and Blackburn. Thomas McKee 
 was not only the first justice of the peace, but also the first 
 blacksmith, wheelwright and mechanic. The first post-office 
 was at Doddsville, where the town was first laid out and 
 Samuel Dodds was the first postmaster. The first mill was 
 also in Doddsville, and erected in 1857, by John Pelsor. It 
 was a large four story frame custom and merchant steam 
 mill, complete in all its appointments. The machinery was 
 removed to St- Louis in 1879. The roads and bridges of 
 the township are kept in excellent condition, making travel 
 safe and even pleasant. The township has been represented 
 by the following named gentlemen, as supervisors, since 
 township organization ; The first elected was James De Witt 
 in 1854, who served until 1856, when E. D. Wells was 
 elected and served until 1861. Dr. Hosea Davis, elected in 
 1861, served one term ; James Prather, elected in 1862, 
 served until 1864 ; Dr. Hosea Davis was again elected in 
 1864, serving one year ; Joseph Walker elected in 1865, 
 served one term, when Dr. Hosea Davis was again chosen 
 and served until 1869 ; John M. Dennis served from 1870 
 to 1871 ; In 1871, James De Witt was elected and served 
 two terms ; William Pollard was chosen in 1873 and 1874 ; 
 Dr. Hosea Davis represented the township from 1875 to 
 1878, and was honored with chairmanship of the board in 
 1876 ; in 1879, James T. De Witt was chosen and served 
 two terms, and was followed by William Pollock, who is the 
 present incumbent. But few people were more patriotic than 
 those of Littleton, as no less than one hundred and forty-nine 
 of her citizens answered their country's call and did battle in 
 her behalf during the late civil war, a complete list of 
 whose names may be found at the close of the chapter on 
 patriotism. Littleton is accredited with 161 farms, and a 
 population of 1060, in the census of 1880. 
 
 The interest in public education is apparent from ten hand- 
 some frame school buildings, with all the modern conve- 
 niences, where half-yearly sessions of school are maintained. 
 The moral education of the people is inculcated through the 
 medium of the churches of Doddsville and Littleton, and 
 Bethany Christian Church, situated on the N. W. i of the 
 S. W. i of section 36, which, however, is without a pastor 
 at present. Religious services are also held in the several 
 school-houses, and but few people have greater respect for 
 religion. 
 
 VILLAGE OF DODDSVILLE. 
 
 Situated in the extreme northern part of Littleton town- 
 ship, partly in Schuyler county and partly in McDonough 
 40 
 
 county, is the cosy village of Doddsville. It was laid out 
 by Samuel Dodds and Paris Wheeler, July 6, 1836, and 
 platted and surveyed by Allen Persinger, county surveyor. 
 That portion lying in Schuyler county is located on the N. 
 W. } of section 5. Samuel Dodds built the first house and 
 had the first store. The village formerly did considerable 
 local trade. The principal business portion of the town at 
 present is that which lies in McDonough county. 
 
 THE PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Blacksmith. — Thomas McGrath. 
 
 Wagon Maker. — J. H. Wheeler. 
 
 That portion in McDonough Co. is as follows : 
 
 General Store. — W. G. Irvin. 
 
 Carpenter. — William Cowan. 
 
 Physician. — J. W. Donnelly. 
 
 The old Union church, used by all denominations, was 
 built in 1851 and was a neat frame building. The Metho- 
 dist congregation have a neat frame building, built in 1879, 
 with Rev. W. F. Lowe for its present pastor. There is 
 also a handsome church edifice belonging to the Presbyterian 
 congregation. It is a frame building, and was erected in 
 1880, and is in that portion of the t>wu lying in McDonough 
 county. Rev. D. T. McAuley is the pastor. 
 
 VILLAGE OF LITTLETON 
 
 From which the township receives its name is the geo- 
 graphical centre of the township, on the southwest corner of 
 section 15, the northwest corner of section 22. James Little 
 and Dr. William H. Wendow located the village on the 31st 
 day of July, 1819, and procured the services of Leonidas 
 Homey, then county surveyor, to survey and plat the town. 
 
 Dr. William H. Wendow built the first house in the vil- 
 lage, a small log cabin in 1847, and also kept the first store, 
 soon after the village was laid out. A post-office was estab- 
 lished in 1847 and Dr. William H. Wendow received the 
 appointment as postmaster. John Dale opened the first 
 blacksmith shop in 1847. The first physicians to practice 
 in the village were Dr. W. H. Wendow and Dr. Hosea Da- 
 vis. The first school-house built in the village, was one 
 made of round logs, in 1849, and was occupied until 
 1856, when a neat brick building, two stories, was sub- 
 stituted for the log hut. The different congregations united 
 in the erection of a neat frame building in 1847 for the pur- 
 pose of worship, and was known as the Union church. Re- 
 ligious services prior to that time were held in the school- 
 house. This old building was destroyed by a hurricane 
 which swept over the village on the 26th day of October, 
 1856, and left but three houses standing, and they in a 
 wrecked condition. Fortunately no lives were lost at the 
 time, though Mr. W. H. Crawford, an aged farmer who 
 happened to be in town, was so seriously injured, that he 
 died from the effects of his injuries in a short time. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Steam Flouring Mill. — This mill was built in 1878, by 
 its present proprietors, George M. Matheney & Sons, at a
 
 314 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 cost of about $3,000. It is a substantial two story frame 
 building, with one run of burrs, and finds steady employ- 
 ment in doing a strictly custom business. 
 
 General Store.-r-J ames L. De Witt. 
 
 Tile Factory. — Just being constructed, Erwin & Barron. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — Miles K. Barron, and James McGee. 
 
 Wagon Maker. — Joseph Logan. 
 
 Carpenter. — E. F. Roberts. 
 
 Shoemaker. — David Agnew. 
 
 Postmaster. — David Agnew. 
 
 Physicians. Drs. Hosea Davis and H. H. McCabe. 
 
 A well kept cemetery of one acre located in 1851 north- I 
 west of the village contains the remains of many loved ! 
 ones whose last resting place beneath the shade of forest 
 trees is marked by the humble wooden slab, the plain mar- i 
 
 ble or the handsome pile. The first interment made was 
 that of the remains of Mabel Horton. 
 
 The village is supplied with two neat brick churches. 
 The Methodist Episcopal Church was built in 1857, and Rev. 
 W. F. Lowe is the pastor in charge. The Baptist Church 
 was erected in 1857, and is presided over by Rev. Sanders. 
 A pretty little white, frame school-house graces the village, 
 and plainly shows that the citizens are not neglecting the 
 educational duties they owe their children. They have a 
 term of nine months. There is but one department. The 
 village has never had any organizations. The streets are 
 broad, well shaded, and run at right angles. The houses are 
 new, and bear evidence of the thriftiness of their inhabitants. 
 There are several very pretty residences, both frame and 
 brick.
 
 _ — __ , — _ — , „ , — _ . 
 
 FARM RESIDENCE OF GEORGE H. K I RKHA M, SEC.3 5,T.3 / R. Z^LITTLETON TR)SCHUYLER CO. ILL. 
 
 FARM RESIDENCE OF CASPER REG ER / S EC.Z^T.I^.a^COOPER STOWN TP^ BROWN CO. ILL
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 COL. LEON IDAS HORNKY. 
 
 Col. Leonidas Hornet, was born in Guilford county, 
 North Carolina, September 4th, 1817. His parents moved, 
 when he was only a year old, to St. Clair county, Illinois. 
 He was the only descendant of Hon. Samuel Homey, of 
 whom mention is made in this work. In the spring of 1825, 
 his parents removed with him to Schuyler county. Leonidas 
 received most of his early education in the common schools 
 of this county. After leaving school, he engaged in teaching 
 for a few years. On the 2d of September, 1841, at the age 
 of twenty-four, he was married to Miss Jane, the daughter 
 of William H. Crawford, Esq., of Schuyler county. Soon 
 after his marriage he purchased a farm, and engaged in 
 agricultural pursuits and stock raising. On the breaking 
 out of the war with Mexico, Mr. Horney enlisted as a private 
 
 in Co. commanded by Capt.W. A. Richardson ; regiment, 
 
 by Col. John J. Hardin. They were very soon ordered to 
 the seat of war after their organization. He served in that 
 division of the army commanded by Gen. Taylor, and while 
 bravely fighting he was wounded at Buena Vista. Being a 
 flesh wound, it did not disable him. After this engagement 
 
 he was promoted lieutenant, and at the close of the war com- 
 missioned captain. At the close of the war he was mustered 
 out and returned home, where he again engaged in farming. 
 Soon after his return, he was elected to the office of county 
 surveyor of Schuyler, and retained that position until 1860. 
 He voted for Douglas, but his favorite being defeated, he 
 accepted the situation, and became one of President Lincoln's 
 warmest supporters. At the breaking out of the war of the 
 rebellion, he laid aside the pursuits of peace and the endear- 
 ments of a happy family, and again drew forth his sword in 
 defence of the flag of his country. In August, 1861, he 
 volunteered, and was elected Captain of Company A, Tenth 
 regiment, Missouri Volunteers Infantry, and soon after he was 
 promoted to the rank of Major, and subsequently to the rank 
 of Colonel. He participated in many hard fought battles, and 
 at the battle of Corinth, October 4, 1862, received a flesh 
 wound, which did not disable him from active service. At 
 the siege of Vicksburg, near Champion Hill, while bravely 
 leading his gallant regiment into the fight, he was shot, and 
 killed, and fell into the arms of his men. He was buried on 
 
 315
 
 31(5 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 the .field, within a few paces of where he fell. After the war, 
 he was brought home, and buried on the 15th of February, 
 1865, in what is known as the Thompson graveyard, near 
 Littleton, being buried with military honors The Colonel 
 left a wife and family of seven children, all of whom have 
 been married, and with three exceptions, live on farms 
 adjoining the homestead or at home. The Colonel was a man 
 highly respected for his many virtues, and in losing him, not 
 only his family, but the people of the county lost a noble and 
 valuable citizen. 
 
 Col. Horney was wounded at the battle of Corinth in the 
 right leg, but remained on the field until the battle was over. 
 " The date of the above was Saturday, October 4, 1862, (second 
 day of the battle), taken from his own memoranda;" lost, 
 91 killed and wounded, all from Co. A and the five companies 
 left. 
 
 On the 25th October, 1862, after the battle of Corinth, he 
 received his commission as Lieutenant Colonel of the Tenth 
 Missouri, and on the following day was placed on duty as 
 Lieutenant Colonel. On Friday, May 8, 1863, he received a 
 congratulatory letter from Gen. Grant for capturing 1,000 
 prisoners and 5 guns, (artillery), while marching to Vicks- 
 burg. From his own memoranda we take this item : 
 Thursday, May 14, " Tenth Missouri Infantry in advance. 
 I came in sight of the enemy shortly after 9 o'clock, A. m. 
 The enemy began shelling the 10th. About 12 o'clock, we 
 made a charge in fine style, routing the enemy's columns and 
 batteries at all points, and by 3 o'clock, p. m. were in Jack- 
 son, Miss. ; loss, 85." From Jackson, they marched on to 
 Vicksburg. In the engagement of Champion Hill, May 
 16th, the Colonel's regiment was held in reserve until 2 or 
 3 o'clock, and the enemy was thought to be winning the day, 
 when the Tenth Missouri was ordered to the front, to make 
 the last and final effort for victory. Col. Horney took in 
 the situation, and riding in front of his regiment, inspired his 
 men with the courage that resulted in a successful charge, 
 
 breaking through the enemy's ranks and winning the day. 
 After this charge was made, he ordered his command to the 
 " right front," where a minor portion of the enemy's army 
 had not yet yielded. He continued in advance of his column, 
 when he noticed a squad of six or eight soldiers in blue 
 uniforms, whom he at first took to be Union men, but, alas ! 
 they proved to be rebels in disguise, as he soon discovered. 
 When within a few rods of them, they, with one accord, be- 
 gan to draw a bead upon him. He turned quickly upon 
 his horse, and commanded his men to fire upon them, 
 but ere the words had escaped his lips, two balls had pierced 
 his body, one entering his left side, and passing out, the other 
 passed through his skull, and he fell. He died like a hero 
 in a righteous cause. His body was embalmed and laid to 
 rest at the foot uf a tree, from which place, in 1865, it was 
 removed to Thompson cemetery, in Littleton township, 
 Schuyler county, Illinois, and buried with military honors. 
 
 Col. Horney was a man of unusual self-respect, one of the 
 most esteemed by his fellow citizens, was strictly temperate, 
 cherishing a righteous disgust for drunkenness. Charitable 
 to the unfortunate, and those of his acquaintance who have 
 conversed with the writer speak in the highest terms, with 
 emotion, of him. His children retain, to a great degree, his 
 self-respect. His son, W. J., is the present county surveyor, 
 and is on the high road to take his father's place in public 
 matters. His widow and aged mother, (the latter the oldest 
 citizen of Schuyler), reside on the farm near Littleton. His 
 youngest daughter, Adelia, also a widow, lives with them. 
 His three sons, Samuel Madison, Leonidas Hardin, and Wil- 
 liam Jeffrey, live on adjoining farms. His daughter, Celeste 
 Elizabeth, (Mrs. John T. Sellers), resides in Sumner county, 
 Kansas, on a farm. Mary Jane, (Mrs. Lee E. Johnston), 
 resides near Rushville, on a farm. Emilia Ann, (Mrs. W. J 
 Larash), lives in Rushville, and is engaged in publishing 
 the Schuyler Citizen.
 
 RES/ DENCE AND STOCK FARM OF GEORGE GARRI SON , S C 
 
 f
 
 6,T.3 ,R .2 , ( LI TTLETON TP.JSC 
 
 HUYLER CO. ILLINOIS.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 317 
 
 
 MRS. SARAH HARRISON. 
 
 The subject of this sketch is the seventh child of Jonathan 
 and Mary Garrison, and was born in Butler county, Ohio, 
 June 16th, 1809. He remained at home until he was ten 
 years of age, when his mother died ; and, as his father was 
 poor, he was obliged to go forth and seek his own fortune. 
 He applied to a man named Giphart, and secured employ- 
 ment to chop wood and clear off land, for which he received 
 four dollars per month. At this he remained only a short 
 time, when he engaged in chopping cord-wood at twenty 
 cents per cord. At this and similar jobs he continued until 
 he was about sixteen years old, when he secured a situation 
 as laborer on the Miami canal, where he remained for one 
 year. He next obtained a situation in a distillery at eight 
 dollars per month. Here he remained for two years, and 
 saved a small sum of money. During the next two years 
 he was engaged on a farm at $9 per month. He next ac- 
 cepted a position as superintendent in a distillery at $1 1 
 per month, where he continued eighteen months, when the 
 proprietors discontinued business. By this time, by constant 
 labor, strict economy, and much self-denial, he nad saved 
 some money, which he invested in two good colts ; and after 
 keeping them some time, he was induced to trade them off 
 for a patent right, which he lost entirely. After this he con- 
 cluded to change his way of living and get married. And 
 to accomplish his purpose, he borrowed from a friend the 
 sum of twenty-five dollars for the purchase of his wedding 
 suit. March 10th, 1830, he was married to Miss Sarah 
 
 Vaile, daughter of Henry and Permelia Vaile. She was a 
 native of Butler county, Ohio. Immediately after their 
 marriage, he moved on rented land and commenced to farm. 
 Through the assistance of good friends, he procured a team, 
 with which he raised two good crops. Having heard many 
 favorable reports as to the prosperity of Illinois, he con- 
 cluded to seek his fortune in the prairies of that new coun- 
 try. Accordingly in Sept 1833, with his family, consisting of 
 his wife and two children, he started overland for Illinois, 
 and on the 5th of October of the same year landed in 
 Schuyler county. He brought with him, of his own hard 
 earnings, $363 in money, two horses and one wagon. On 
 his arrival he immediately traded a horse and wagon and 
 one hundred dollars in money for a claim on 240 acres of 
 good land on Sugar creek, and moved with his family into a 
 small log cabin. He entered the land at $1.25 per acre, 
 borrowing money from Jacob Sharp, of Fulton county, and 
 paying him 30 per cent, interest for the same. On this land 
 Mr. Garrison remained and had good success for seven years, 
 after which he purchased a quarter of land in section 26, 
 in township 2 north, 2 west, where he has remained ever 
 since — a fine view of which may be seen on another page of 
 this work. For about ten years he rented his first purchase 
 on Sugar creek ; but, wishing to have his land all together, 
 he sold the farm on Sugar creek, and purchased the adjoin- 
 ing quarter to his home place on section 26, and has con- 
 tinued to add thereto, until he now owns 840 acres all ad-
 
 318 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 joining, which is considered among the best farms in Schuy- 
 ler county. He has always been engaged in farming and 
 raising stock, in which he has been very successful. He has 
 done more, perhaps, than any other man in improving the 
 stock of the country. He was the first to introduce thor- 
 ough-bred Durham cattle, and has done his share in improv- 
 ing the breed of horses and hogs. His large farm is well 
 supplied with first-class stock of all kinds. 
 
 Mr. Garrison, in his younger days, was deprived of edu- 
 cational advantages, as schools were few aud his means 
 limited ; but, owing to his good judgment, he has proved 
 himself a successful business man. The fruits of Mr. and 
 Mrs. Garrison's marriage have been eleven children, ten of 
 whom are living, all married, and well settled in life. They 
 are now the grand parents of 69 grand-children and 11 
 great-grand-childreu. On the 10th of March, 1880, Mr. and 
 
 Mrs Garrison celebrated their golden wedding, and received 
 many presents as testimonials of affection from their chil- 
 dren, grand-children, and friends. On this occasion it was 
 Mr. Garrison's delight to present to his great-grandson, Eb- 
 enezer Cordell, the coat in which he had been married. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. G. have always enjoyed good health, aud at 
 this date are remarkably active for people of their age. It 
 affords Mr. Garrison pleasure at all times to speak in the 
 highest praise of his good wife, to whom he cheerfully con- 
 cedes her full share in his success through life. 
 
 In politics, Mr. Garrison is a Democrat He cast his 
 first vote for Andrew Jackson, for President, in 1836, and 
 has voted for every democratic candidate for president to 
 the present Mr. Garrison and wife have for many years 
 been members of the Christian Church. 
 
 ■ c<^ C3&>&£ 2^> 
 
 COOPERSTOWN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 -%-•—* 
 
 OOPERSTOWN deserves favorable men- 
 tion from the fact that it was within her 
 borders that many of the earliest settle - 
 ment-< in the county were made, and that 
 it contains some of the richest farming 
 land in this section of country ; splendid 
 farms and farm-improvements abound 
 throughout its territory. It is situated 
 in the extreme eastern-central part of the county, to the 
 north Ripley and Schuyler county, to the east the Illinois 
 river, to the south Versailles, and to the west Mt Sterling. 
 It is irregular in shape, comprising, with the exception of 
 about four sections from the northeast corner, the whole of 
 T. 1 S., R. 2 W , and that fraction of T. 1 S., R. 1 W., that 
 lies between the river and Crooked creek. The general sur- 
 face is rolling prairie, becoming more broken in the vicinity 
 of the creeks and the river bluffs. The central and main 
 portion of the township is as fine a body of land as any in 
 the county. The bottom land comprises only a small area, 
 the main portion being in the northeast corner, where 
 • Crooked creek empties into the river. Crooked creek forms 
 the northern line, separating Cooperstown from Schuyler 
 county, and the Illinois river the eastern boundary, and these 
 streams,, together with their numerous affluents, drain the 
 lands and supply water for other purposes. There is yet con- 
 
 siderable timber here, although many acres have been cleared 
 and made into rich and beautiful farms. James H. Petti- 
 grew, who resides on section 23, informed us that fifty years 
 ago the forest on the north side of his place consisted of verv 
 large old trees, nearly all of which have died, fallen and de- 
 cayed, and young trees have sprung up in their places. This 
 is undoubtedly the case with all the forests in this locality 
 that were not felled by the woodman's axe, and can be ac- 
 counted for only by supposing them to have lived out the two 
 hundred years that is thought to be allotted to their existence- 
 There has always been a good supply of coopers' material, 
 and in early times cooperage was extensively carried on in 
 this locality. It is said that nearly all of the old settlers 
 followed the business ; hence the name Cooperstown. The 
 barrels were shipped north and south, and found a market 
 at several of the river towns where whiskey and other liquors 
 were distilled. 
 
 Pleasant De Witt, a native of Clark county, Kentucky, was 
 born in 1802 ; and while a young man migrated from Ken- 
 tucky, first stopping in Morgan county, Illinois, and from 
 thence to what is now Rrown county, in the winter of 1S28, 
 settling on section 13 of this township, and building a small 
 cabin at the foot of the bluff, upon the site of an old Indian 
 camp. This site was chosen on account of an excellent 
 spring, which still pours its pure water over the rocks. He
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 319 
 
 brought with him a wife and one child from Kentucky. 
 Pleasant De Witt is still living in Buckhorn township, at the 
 ripe old age of eighty years, though very feeble and in ill 
 health. 
 
 Asa Benton also settled in this township in 1829, and built 
 a saw mill on section 4 in 1832. He was a native of New 
 York, and has long since left the county, moving to Mis- 
 souri. 
 
 Among the original pioneers who sought a home in this 
 township, was Jacob White, a native of Pennsylvania, who, 
 with his family, came to the wilds of Illinois at a very early 
 day. We first find him living near Rushville until the spring 
 of 1829, when he came down into what is now. Cooperstown 
 township, and squatted on the southeast quarter of section 17 
 with his family, then composed of a wife and four children, 
 all of whom had reached the age of manhood at the time of 
 his settlement in Cooperstown. Here he commenced build- 
 ing his cabin, and while thus engaged, Thomas F. Glenn and 
 Ezekiel Rose, with their families, arrived from Kentucky. 
 White continued to reside upon his homestead until 1835, 
 when he sold his property to Henry Huffman, a new-comer 
 from Bourbon county, Kentucky, and removed to the north 
 side of Schuyler county, where he spent the remainder of his 
 days and died there. The Henry family located in the 
 southern part of the township as early as 1828, but we were 
 unable to learn much of their history. Some of the descend- 
 ants are still living in the county. 
 
 As above stated, Thomas F. Glenn, in company with Eze- 
 kiel Rose, came and settled in this township in May, 1829. 
 They came in a prairie schooner drawn by four horses. 
 They came from Kentucky, and the man who brought them, 
 they having hired him, returned with his wagon and team 
 to Kentucky. Thomas F. Glenn was a native of Pennsylva- 
 nia, and when a child was taken to Kentucky. Here he was 
 raised and married Melinda Miligan, who came with him to 
 Illinois, and settled on the southwest part of section 16, being 
 the section appropriated to the public schools of the State, 
 and which he purchased as soon as it came into market. Be- 
 sides the three children which they brought with them, two 
 were born to them after coming to Cooperstown. Mr Glenn 
 was an old man when he came to his new home, but he cleared 
 up a farm upon which he continued to reside until 1864, 
 when, worn out with old age and hard work, feeble and blind, 
 he died. Three of his children survive him, Nancy, widow 
 of Robert A. Glenn, now residing in Mt. Sterling ; Matilda, 
 living in Iowa; Hester, the wife of Nathan Perry, of Mt. 
 Sterling township. 
 
 Ezekiel Rose, Sr., the companion of Thomas F. Glenn on 
 his journey from Kentucky to the wilds of Illinois, was born 
 in Virginia, in 1786, and, when a lad, his parents removed 
 to Kentucky, where he grew to manhood and married Catha- 
 rine Stites, who came with him to Illinois in 1829. Upon 
 arriving, he landed upon the northwest quarter of section 16, 
 built a log cabin, cleared a patch of ground, and put in a 
 crop. He brought with him several head of stock. Three 
 or four of his sons were almost grown at the time of his ar- 
 rival, and were capable of materially aiding him in subju- 
 gating nature and wreaking from the soil a sustenance. He 
 
 reared a family of ten children, some of whom married and 
 settled near their parents. Two daughters and a son now 
 reside in the township, viz : Rachael, wife of William Mol- 
 ley, living on section 20 ; Martha, wife of G. R. Logsdon, 
 on section 16, and Ezekiel, Jr., residing upon the old home- 
 stead. Mary Ann, Richard, and Jonathan reside in Iowa, 
 are married and have families. The old gentleman passed 
 away in 1868, and his widow survived him until 1870. 
 
 Richard Stites, the father of Mrs. Ezekiel Rose, Sr , fol- 
 lowed his daughter from Kentucky a few years after their 
 settlement in Illinois, and located on section 28. None of 
 his family now reside in this township. 
 
 Elijah Bell was born in Virginia and went from there to 
 Kentucky when a young man, and there married Annis 
 Haggard, and the couple came to Illinois in 1830, and settled 
 on section 36, near Little creek, in this township, during the 
 summer of the same year. They brought with them a family 
 of seven children, and a son was born to them after their 
 arrival Only one is now living — Mary, or " Aunt Polly," 
 the wife of Gabriel P. De Witt. Enoch, a son, mar- 
 ried and settled in this township, and has since died in Iowa, 
 to which place he had removed. The subject of this sketch 
 was a Baptist minister of the " hard shell " persuasion, and 
 was one of the earliest preachers of the church in this sec- 
 tion. 
 
 Ralph Alexander, a native of Ohio, came from Indiana to 
 Illinois and settled on a piece of land in section 20 of this 
 township in the fall of 1830. He soon entered the land and 
 occupied it as his home until the day <>f his death, June 13, 
 1847. He had a family of twelve children, five of whom are 
 still living, viz : Thomas Matthew, iu Arizona Territory ; 
 Milton H, in Versailles township; James P , in Texas; 
 Minerva, widow of Gideon Hinman, residing on section 21 ; 
 John, in Greene county, Illinois. Ralph Alexander was a 
 tanner by trade, and started a tannery upon his farm a few 
 years after his arrival. • 
 
 Martin De Witt, the father of Pleasant De Witt, men- 
 tioned in a former part of this chapter, was born just out- 
 side of — but now included within — the city of New York, 
 in 1777. The old gentlemau came from Kentucky to Illi- 
 nois in 1830, bringing with him his wife and eight children. 
 There were three boys and five girls, viz. : America, who 
 married John Haggerty, from Kentucky, a widower, who 
 brought several children with him, and settled upon section 
 twenty-four, in 1831. Eliza J. married Reddick ; Susan 
 married Thomas Houston ; Emma C. married Daniel Fisher ; 
 Sarah A. married Jonas Houston ; Gabriel P., born in Ken- 
 tucky in 1811, is still living on section twenty-six, with his 
 wife, Mary, a daughter of Elijah Bell, who settled here in 
 1830. Henry Clinton died at his home, in this township, 
 in 1847, and William Martin died when a lad of but ten 
 years; Pleasant, Gabriel P., Mrs. Eliza J Reddick, and 
 Mrs. Emma Fisher, are all that are living at this writing. 
 The old man, Martin De Witt, went to Texas in 1839, and 
 became an officer iu the border wars of Texas. The last 
 account of him was, that he had started home, but as no 
 further information of his whereabouts could be obtained, it 
 issuppo-ed that he was murdered, or met with some accident.
 
 820 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 William Thomas settled, in 1832, just south of the pres- 
 ent site of Cooperstown. He was from Ohio. He reared a 
 large family, some of whom are yet living. Mr. Thomas 
 lives north of Cooperstown. 
 
 George Emerick, an old Pennsylvania Dutchman, settled 
 in the neighborhood of - La Grange, as early as 1829 or 
 1830. He had a large family, but as they have all either 
 died or scattered, no account of them can be obtained. The 
 old man died about 1846. 
 
 John Stewart was a squatter in 1830, settling on Crooked 
 creek. 
 
 Benoui Hewlett was a character of the neighborhood, 
 settling near the river, with a large family. His chief diet 
 was catfish, which could be obtained with the least labor ■ 
 and he was a man who, recognizing the debasing effects of 
 whiskey, endeavored to remove its influences by drinking it 
 all himself. 
 
 David M Campbell was a native of Kentucky, resided in 
 the township during the winter of the "deep snow" — 1830-'31 
 — and in the spiing of 1831 he removed to Clayton, and now 
 lives in Kansas, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years, 
 and is blind. 
 
 At this early day the pioneers, whose careers we have 
 briefly sketched, had for neighbors, John Orr, who settled 
 south of Cooperstown, in 1830, and died there, about 1839 
 Captain Alfred Spencer also lived there for' a short time, 
 and then movtd to Iowa. Abel Logan also settled in the 
 township in 1830 Monroe Page, John Logsdon, William 
 Wilson, Samuel Brisco, John W. Davis, White Stiles, and 
 Thomas Barton, of Kentucky may be mentioned as old 
 settlers. Of the pioneers settled in Cooperstown township, 
 but few reached greater prominence than the Glenn family. 
 The head of this family was Henry Glenn, a native of Penn- 
 sylvania, reared in Kentucky, where he married Ruth 
 Rhodes, and being of a nomadic disposition, he took his 
 family and started out into the unsettled portions of the 
 new States, first moving to Indiana, in the year 1821, where 
 he remained seven years. Not being suited in a home, he 
 removed to Illinois, and stopped in Vermillion county, in 
 1828. Soon tiring of his new home, and having received 
 information from his double cousin, Thomas F. Glenn, who 
 had made his home in this township as early as 1829, he 
 turned his course westward, and arrived in 1831. He 
 selected the southwest quarter of section sixteen. This was 
 in November. He brought with him a wife and nine chil- 
 dren. Being pleased with the country, he built a cabin, 
 and resolved to spend his remaining days in quiet, with 
 the relatives and friends of his early youth. The names 
 of the children of this sturdy old man were as follows : 
 Robert A., Fielding T., Matilda, who became the wife of 
 Simon P. O'Neal ; Amanda, married to W. C. Hardin ; Ar- 
 chibald A., Elizabeth J., William H., Samuel R., and 
 Sarah, who married C. C Kindsey. The father and pio- 
 neer, Henry Glenn, died in 1832, the year after his arrival 
 in this county, his wife surviving him only a few years. 
 Robert A. Glenn, the eldest son, married and reared a fam- 
 ily of children, five of whom are yet living: Mary E., the 
 wife of Dr. George H. Tebo, living in Mt. Sterling; Henry 
 
 A., a practical printer and newspaper man, now residing in 
 Mt. Sterling ; Matilda, the wife of I. N. Miller, of Kansas ; 
 Frederick, residing in Kansas ; and Louis, a printer Robert 
 A. Glenn was an able lawyer, and an early newspaper man 
 in these counties. He also filled the office of Clerk of the 
 Circuit court, in 1836, while Brown county was yet a part 
 of Schuyler. During his life, which was strictly honorable 
 iu every walk, he held other offices of trust, all of which 
 were filled with satisfaction to the public. He died in De- 
 cember, 1860. Fielding T. Glenn has made this county his 
 home ever since he came to the State with his father, with 
 the exception of two years in the far west, on a prospecting* 
 tour. His principal occupation has been that of a farmer, 
 though he has found time to serve his neighbors in the office 
 of justice of the peace, to which he has been frequently 
 elected. He served his country in the Black Hawk war, 
 being a member of a company commanded by Captain W. 
 C. Ralls, and attached to the Third Regiment Upon the 
 breaking out of the late rebellion, his patriotism and vene- 
 ration f.>r his country's flag induced him again to bear arms 
 in its defense. He was commissioned to the office of second 
 lieutenant of Company H., Fiftieth Regiment, Illinois In- 
 fantry. He received this commission from Governor Yates, 
 being promoted for meritorious services while on the field 
 of battle. He has been three times married, and is the 
 father of eleven children by the first two wives. Five of the 
 numbtr yet live: William H., Robert A., James M., Irene, 
 wife of Peter Thomas, and Archibald A. All of the sons 
 have made their homes in Nebraska, and the daughters are 
 residents of Cooperstown. Archibald A. Glenn was born 
 iu Kentucky, and married Lavinia Cooper. Mr. Glenn's 
 family was small, and at the present day he has but two 
 children alive, both of whom are residents of Kansas. His 
 daughter, Ella, is the wife of William Shields. William 
 C. is his only son. Mr. Glenn, while a resident of this 
 county, attained to a prominent place in the political his- 
 tory of the State, being elected as President of the State 
 Senate, at the time Governor Oglesby was elected to the 
 United States Senate, and Lieutenant-Governor Beveridge 
 becoming Governor, Mr. Glenn became Lieutenant-Gov- 
 ernor. Prior to his election to the State Senate, Mr. Glenn 
 served the people of Brown county as Circuit Clerk for 
 twelve years, and as Associate Justice of the county court. 
 He was a man of great enterprise, being always engaged in 
 active business in Mt. Sterling, for many years of which 
 place he was a prominent citizen, until his removal to the 
 city of Wichita, Kansas, where he now lives. William H. 
 is a prominent citizen of Ripley township. He has held 
 the offices of justice of the peace, collector, supervisor, and 
 other official positions, all of which have been competently 
 discharged. He has two daughters, Ruth, the wife of Dr. 
 Russell, and Ella, living at home. Samuel R. Glenn lives 
 in Franklin county, Nebraska, though a resident of the 
 county, and a prominent business man of Ripley, until two 
 years ago. 
 
 William Taylor was a native of Kentucky, coming to 
 Illinois in 1829, and stopping in Morgan county. From 
 that place he came to Cooperstown in 1831 ; with him he
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 321 
 
 brought a wife and three children, two of whom are now liv- 
 ing, respected citizens of the county. His son, William J., is a 
 prosperous farmer in Cooperstown township ; and R. H. Ross, 
 his step son, is a miller in Mt. Sterling. The Perrys were 
 among the very early settlers of Cooperstown township, and 
 several of their descendants are yet residents of the town- 
 ship. Moses W. Pettigrew came from South Carolina, of 
 which state he was a native, with his father, Montgomery 
 Pettigrew, in 1818, and settled in Gallatin county. Here 
 Moses grew to manhood, and married Rebecca Evans, of 
 Kentucky. In 1825 Moses ca"me to Schuyler county, and 
 located in Woodstock township, where he continued to reside 
 until 1832, when he moved across the creek to Cooperstown, 
 settling on section 21. Here he lived until 1841, when he 
 moved to Texas, and remained until '43, when he returned 
 and settled in Elkhorn township. Being of a restless dispo- 
 sition, he moved around from place to place in this county, 
 and about 1865 he again migrated to Iowa, where he re- 
 mained until he died, shortly afterwards. He reared a 
 family of five children, four of whom raised families, viz. : 
 William Franklin, who was killed in 1848; James H, born 
 in 1830, and is still living on section 23, hale and hearty; 
 Charles W. lives in the Black Hills ; Mary Ann, married, 
 and living in Kansas; Andrew Jackson, living in Kansas; 
 and Minerva, wife of William Clark, of Missouri township. 
 Among the native Virginians who came to Illinois at an 
 early day to seek a home, were two brothers, Benjamin and 
 Joseph Robinson, who came from Kentucky, where they 
 had been raised. In company with their wives, each having 
 a family of two children, they reached the territory now 
 comprising Brown county, in the fall of 1835. Joseph set- 
 tled in Cooperstown township, where he remained a short 
 time, and then moved to Versailles, where he continued to 
 reside until two years ago, and then went to Mt. Sterling, 
 which he has since made his home. Benjamin ultimately 
 settled in Versailles township, which has continued to be his 
 home up to the present time. Anna, the wife of Ira Howell, 
 of Cooperstown ; and her sister, Margaret, wife of Edmund 
 Perry, of Mt. Sterling, were daughters of John Thomas, a 
 native of Kentucky, who settled in Mt. Sterling township 
 in 1836, where he lived ten years, and then moved to Iowa. 
 Joseph Cox was also one of the natives of Virginia, who 
 went with his parents to Kentucky, while a youth, grew up 
 and married Cynthia Brockman, daughter of Aaron Brock- 
 man, in that state, and with his wife came to Mt. Sterling 
 township in the year 1832, and from there came to Coopers- 
 town, and settled upon section 25, where he resided for seven 
 years. Tiring of the county, in 1844 he again left, going to 
 Morgan county, Illinois, where he died in 1847, aged about 
 sixty years. He was a blacksmith by trade, and was among 
 the first to work at the forge in this county, and followed it 
 as an occupation while a resident of this township. lie had 
 a family of eleven children, of whom but two are now living. 
 His son, Joseph A , is a prominent citizen and farmer of 
 Cooperstown, and has represented his township for six years 
 as a member of the board of supervisors. Robert A. Cox, 
 another son, is a prominent and successful merchant of Mt. 
 Kieiling. The names of the other children are William F. ; 
 41 
 
 James P.; John B. ; Mary, who was married to Edward 
 Logsdon; Lydia, married to John Brockman; Sarah, the 
 wife of Daniel Surratt ; Cynthia, wife of William Wash- 
 burn ; all of whom are dead. They all left large families. 
 
 Samuel Bridwell emigrated from Kentucky to this place 
 in 1837, and settled upon section 15. He was a native 
 of Virginia. His family consisted of six daughters, all of 
 whom were married and have families living in Brown or 
 Schuyler counties, except Sarah Ann Cox, who died in 1870. 
 
 Jonathan Howell grew to manhood and was married to 
 Elizabeth Gillham, in his native state, North Carolina. He 
 left the state in company with his wife, and came to Illinois, 
 at which place he arrived and chose a home upon section 
 16, Cooperstown township, in 1838, where he died in 1861, 
 at the ripe old age of over seventy years. He raised a large 
 family — five of the number being still living. Ira resides 
 in this township, on section 16 ; James resides in Schuyler 
 county ; Esther, widow of David Beard ; Sarah, wife of 
 John Stutsman ; and Harrison, who now lives in Missouri. 
 
 Sarah Mallory, in 1838, came to this place, and settled 
 upon section 22. She came from Kentucky, and brought 
 with her Reuben, James P., and Elizabeth, who married Mor- 
 decai Shelly. Her children, William and Reuben, still live in 
 the county, and Mrs. Kelly resides east of Mound Station. 
 
 Allen Alexander, a Tennesseean, first stopped in Morgan 
 county in 1830, and in '31 came to Schuyler county, and 
 settled just north of Crooked creek, where he lived until 
 1840, and -then moved into Cooperstown township. His 
 advent into Brown county contributed largely to the popu- 
 lation, as he brought with him a family of nine children — 
 six daughters and three sons. Seven are living, and three 
 of that number reside in this county, as follows : — J. H., a 
 thrifty farmer, lives about one mile south of Mt. Sterling; 
 Lucy J., wife of James Barton, and Octavia, wife of Martin 
 Johnson. The old man built and conducted one of the first 
 ferries across the creek. He died in 1841, and his wife in 
 1847. 
 
 With this we close a brief sketch of the first settlers of the 
 township — men who encountered the hardships of the wil- 
 derness, and its only occupants the Indians and wild beasts ; 
 and by their earnest and unremitting toil subjugated mother 
 Nature, and made her a servant of mankind. Upon the 
 rocks along the bluff are rudely carved the names of many 
 of the old pioneers, but when time shall have crumbled the 
 rocks to powder, their names will yet live in their early 
 work, by which dense forests were converted into pleasant 
 homes for the posterity of man. They have passed away 
 and are no more. 
 
 The earliest military patents of land in township 1 south, 
 range 2 west, Cooperstown township, are those issued to 
 John Chesur, October 6, 1817, and conveyed to him the 
 southeast quarter of section 2, and was signed by James 
 Monroe, President of the United States, as were also those 
 following. 
 
 Joseph Emerson for the southwest quarter of section 4 ; 
 and to Calvin Dike for the southeast quarter of section 4 ; 
 both dated December 4, 1817. To Henry Chase for the 
 southeast quarter of section two, dated September 8th, 1817,
 
 322 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 patents were also granted to the following described parcels 
 of land in township one south, range one west, also in the 
 civil township of Coopers-town : to John Henderson, for 
 the northwest quarter of section 17; and to Phineas 
 Wright for the northeast, section 17, both dated October, 
 6th, 1817 ; to Cornelius Bradford for the northeast quarter of 
 section 19, November 29, 1817 ; Reuben Bartlett for the 
 northeast quarter of section 18 ; and Warren Farrington 
 for the southeast quarter of section 18, both dated Decem- 
 ber 30th, 1817. 
 
 Schools — The schools of the township have kept pace 
 with the development and improvements of the community 
 and, to-day, the sites of the schools are marked by neat and 
 comfortable houses, furnished with easy and appropriate 
 seats. The old log or pole cabin, with its puncheon floors 
 and seats, its mud-daubed walls, and great fire-place, have 
 disappeared with the march of time. The early settlers 
 were imprtS-ed with the importance of the education 
 of their children, and as early as 1832, we find a young man 
 named George W. Lester, teaching a summer school in a 
 cabin built by the neighborho'»d on section nine; while a 
 little later we discover Martin De Witt engaged in the same 
 work. The house in which De Witt instructed the grand- 
 fathers and grandmothers of many of the present citizens of 
 the county, was a small log cabin which had been built by 
 Philip Briggs on the southeast quarter of section 24, now 
 owned by Caspar Regar. The house had been built by 
 Briggs as a home ; but subsequently he entered land in 
 Versailles township, where he settled, and his former neigh- 
 bors appropriated the house for a school. In the summer of 
 1833, Samuel Brisco taught this school, and was succeeded 
 by a man named McKnab. These early schools were sus- 
 tained by private subscription, and the tuition was ordi- 
 narily two dollars a term for each pupil. 
 
 The people of this township, being mostly emigrants from 
 Kentucky, were principally of the Christian faith, and held 
 services in each other's houses. The first preacher of the 
 township was Henry- Bell, who came to the township in 
 1830. He was a Baptist, or '•hard-shell, as they were 
 called, and was very active in establishing churches in dif- 
 ferent parts of the country ; and in looking after the spirit- 
 ual welfare of his neighbors. 
 
 Mills. — A mill in the olden time was of the rudest struc- 
 ture, barely able to crush the corn, which was then taken 
 home and there sifted, or used unsifted. They were not 
 only rude, but few and far scattered, taking, oftentimes, 
 two or more days to go and return, either on foot or on 
 horseback, with the grist in one end of the bag, and a stone 
 in the other to balance it The first mill was built by Abel 
 Logan in 1830, on Logan creek, about one and one half 
 miles west of where the stream empties its waters into 
 Crooked creek. It was situated upon the bank of the creek, 
 whose waters were utilized as a motive power. It was sim- 
 ply a corn cracker, but it answered the purposes of the set- 
 tlers as fully as does a mill of the present day, with all its 
 patent improvements, and bread made from its products was 
 productive of health and happiness. The settlement in- 
 creasing in numbers, justified Pleasant, Gabriel, and Mar- 
 
 tin De Witt in building a horse-power mill for John B. 
 Houston, in 1833. The mill was located at the foot of the 
 Bluffs, about a mile distant and north of La Grange ; it 
 was a "band " mill, and the stones were cut and put into 
 shape by Martin De Witt, who was a stone-cutter by trade. 
 This mill received a large patronage for many miles around, 
 and was looked upon as a wonder in those early days. 
 
 The county having adopted township organization in 
 1854, Cooperttown sent as its first representative in the 
 Board of Supervisors, B R Parke, who served two suc- 
 cessive years, was elected the first chairman of the Board, 
 which p isition he creditably filled during his two years of 
 official life; O M Henry was elected in 1856; Hiram Bar- 
 ker in 1857 ; B. F. Da Witt in 1857-8-9, and was chair- 
 man of the Board in 1858 ; John Chapman in 1860, 
 and served nine consecu'ive years, and was chairman 
 during the years 1861 to 1863, inclusive, and during 1866 
 and 1867 ; Benjamin F. De Witt was chosen in 1869, 
 and acted as chairman during his term ; William Tay- 
 lor, in 1870; John Burgesser, in 1871-72; Stephen D. 
 Cox, in 1873; Ira Howell, in 1874—75 ; Joseph A. Cox, 
 from 1876 to 1881, included; the last two years of 
 his term of office he served as chairman ; and the present 
 incumbent, William C. Perry, who was elected in 1882. 
 
 LA GRANGE. 
 
 This little town situated upon the west bank of Illinois 
 river in the eastern portion of Ctx>perstown township, upon 
 the low bottom land; and has frequently been submerged by 
 the encroachment of the river during its season of high 
 water. The first persons to seek a habitation where it now 
 stands, were William Wilson, who selected a plat of ground 
 at the foot of the bluffs, and John and Berry Whitten, who 
 selected a high point of land upon the top of the bluffs, then 
 known as " Cape Lookout," by the old settlers. The time 
 of the location of the above-named settlers was about 1829. 
 William Wilson utilized the location as a means of gaining 
 a livelihood, and immediately established a ferry at that 
 place in 1829. In 1832, a man named Henry Robinson 
 opened a store in a small log cabin at the base of the bluff. 
 This was the first store in the place. The town received an 
 accession, 1834, in the persons of several eastern parties, 
 wh i were possessed of some means, and at once engaged in 
 business. Of this patty, Wheeler Barnes and R. H. Hurl- 
 but, opened general ttores and afforded the settlers an op- 
 portunity to barter, an.l ready market for whatever they 
 might have to trade for the necessaries of life. A second 
 lot of settlers, consisting of Peter I. Dodge, with about a 
 dozen companions, who arrived in 1834, augmented the 
 population of the little hamlet ; and did much to increase 
 its growth and prosperity by their industry and per- 
 severance. 
 
 The town continued to increase in numbers until about 
 1837. Frank M. Simpson, the owner of the land upon which 
 it was located, in the southwest quaiter of section 29, town- 
 ship 1 south, range 1, secured the services of Allen Persinger, 
 county surveyor, who made a plat of the town, and had it 
 placed on record, June 24, 1837. Three additions were sub-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 323 
 
 sequently added to the original town. Its location upon the 
 banks of the river soon caused it to become a landing for all 
 the boats that plied the waters of the Illinois, and before the 
 county was favored with railroad facilities it became the re- 
 ceiving and shipping point of the interior town of Mt. Ster- 
 ling, Versailles, and other places. At this place all goods 
 arrived, and from here all produce was shipped. This greatly 
 facilitated the growth of the town, as a large flouring mill was 
 built, which enjoyed a large business, and from which ship- 
 ments to the east were made, uutil destroyed by fire. Three 
 or four mills were subsequently erected at different times. 
 Numerous stores, several hotels, and all kinds of business 
 were carried on in a profitable manner, and enterprise was 
 visible upon all sides. Large warehouses and an elevator 
 were built upon the banks of the river, and much grain was 
 shipped from the town. John Emerick kept the hotel. 
 When the railroad entered the county, other towns sprang 
 up along its course, and La Grange as rapidly lost its former 
 greatness, and at the present there is but one store kept by A. 
 C. Orr, and a blacksmith shop operated by Andrew Boss, 
 Jr. There is some coal mined by means of a drift, but the 
 vein is only thirty inches in thickness. At the present 
 writing, the site of the town is covered to a depth of ten feet 
 with water. It may almost be classed with the things of the 
 past. 
 
 COOPERS TOWN. 
 
 Near the central portion of the township, bearing the same 
 name as the town, the pleasant little village of Cooperstown 
 is situated. The village was surveyed and platted by Moses 
 Black, on the 11th day of February, 1870. The owners of 
 the land, are H. E. Henry, G- V. Henry, J. L. Mallory, Elihu 
 Parke, and S. D. Cox. It is located on sections fourteen, 
 fifteen, twenty-two, and twenty-three, mainly upon section 
 
 twenty-two. At one time, it adopted the general law per- 
 taining to villages, but has since abandoned its organiza- 
 tions- It is located about ten miles east of the county seat. 
 The first step towards the establishment of a village was 
 taken in 1856, by William F. Cox, who erected a small 
 frame storehouse. No further improvements were made 
 until 18(56, when Frank Putnam built another store. Farm- 
 houses were standing close to the store first built, and the 
 little village took the name of Cooperstown. It has gradually 
 increased until its present population numbers one hundred 
 souls. The first blacksmith in the town was Calvin Wilson. 
 A post-office, bearing the name of the town, was established, 
 and Samuel R. Glenn received the first appointment as post- 
 master, and opened the post-office at his residence. John 
 Emerick improved the farm upon which the village stands, 
 and at an early day operated a saw mill. 
 
 THE PRESENT BUSINESS 
 
 of the town is sufficient to support the following : 
 
 General Stores. — S. D. Cox, J. A. Cox, and W. A. 
 Thomas. 
 
 Blacksmith Shops. — H. R. Diekerson, and D. H. Anderson. 
 
 Shoe and Harness Shop. — Andrew Johnson. 
 
 Cooper Shop. — H. E. Henry. 
 
 Physician. — J. T. Bradberry. 
 
 Post Office. — J. A. Cox, p. m. 
 
 There is also a neat school-house. There is only one 
 church in the town, that of the Baptist denomination. The 
 structure is a small, neat frame building. 
 
 The population of Cooperstown, according to the census of 
 1880, was 1,649, and George Logsdon, aged 86 years, was 
 the oldest person. 
 
 ■^*^S^£§£^- 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 -+*r-t-~>r*- 
 
 JONATHAN W. SECKMAN. 
 
 Among the old residents of this part of Illinois is J. W. 
 Seckman of Cooperstown township. His parents were 
 William Seckman and Susan Wright. His father was born 
 in Pennsylvania, and in the year 1812 moved to Indiana. 
 On the journey from Pennsylvania occurred the birth of 
 Mr. Seckman on the 14th of April, 1812. His father 
 settled in Indiana, ten or twelve miles north of Lawrence- 
 burg. His mother died when Mr. Seckman was four years 
 old, and he was then raised by his grandfather Wright, who 
 lived in Perry county, Ohio. He was of an active, restless 
 
 disposition, and did not much like the confinement of the 
 school room. In the year 1828, in company with an older 
 brother, he came from Ohio to Illinois. Walking to Ports- 
 mouth on the Ohio river he there embarked on a steamboat 
 by which he reached St. Louis. From St. Louis he came 
 on a keel boat to Naples. Running a keel boat up stream 
 was hard work, and it took two days and a night to get to 
 Alton, twenty-five miles above St. Louis, and seven 
 days to reach Naples. He landed at Naples on the 6th of 
 August, 1828. He remained for a short time with his father, 
 who lived about ten miles west of Jacksonville, and then 
 worked for other parties several years in Morgan county.
 
 324 
 
 EI STOUT OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Out of the first year he lost only four days time. He 
 hauled goods to Jacksonville from St. Louis, Naples 
 and Meredosia. »When the Jacksonville and Meredosia 
 railroad was built, the first railroad constructed in the 
 state, he hauled from Bluff City part of the material with 
 which some of the bridges were built. He subsequently went 
 to Adams county. March 1841, he married Nancy P. 
 Taylor, daughter of James Taylor. She was born in Bour- 
 bon county, Kentucky, and at the time of her marriage 
 lived in what is now Scott county. 
 
 After his marriage he lived for the remainder of the year 
 1841 on the Sny Carte island in Menard county. While 
 there he was elected a justice of the peace. He then went 
 back to Morgan county. In 1844 he came to Brown 
 county and settled two miles southwest of Cooperstown. The 
 land on which he had settled was claimed by the holder of 
 a military patent, and in 1848 he moved to his present res- 
 idence in section eighteen of township one south, range two 
 west. There were then -no improvements on this place, not 
 a solitary rail to work or attempt to make a farm out of 
 the wilderness. He entered forty acres of land, and bor- 
 rowed ten dollars of the money with which to pay the 
 land office fees. It was fifteen years before he paid this 
 ten dollars. He had commenced life with no capital. He 
 landed from the boat in Menard county, a few days after 
 his marriage, with only twenty-five cents in money in his 
 pocket. From this small beginning, with hard work, he 
 has managed to secure considerable property, and is now 
 the owner of seven hundred acres of land in Cooperstown, 
 Mt. Sterling, and Missouri townships on which he owes 
 no man a dollar. His oldest son, James Riley, resides in 
 Nebraska. The next, John William, moved to Carroll 
 county, Missouri, and died there. Kate J., married Wil- 
 liam Schultz, and lives in Nebraska. Charles, Jonathan 
 Franklin, George Adolphus, Josephus, and Archibald Fred- 
 erick, are residents of Brown county. He has been a 
 straight out Democrat from 1836 when he voted for Van 
 Buren for president. For fifteen years he served as con- 
 stable. In early life he was fond of hunting, and spent 
 many a day in the chase of wolves and foxes. He is one 
 of the old settlers, now becoming scarce, who witnessed 
 the hardships of the early settlement of the country, and 
 who think there have been no times so good as the pioneer 
 days fifty years ago. 
 
 THOMAS BOWE. 
 
 The town of Thourles in Tipperary county, Ireland, was 
 the birth place of Thomas Bowe. The history of the family 
 dates back to France from which country in the seventeenth 
 century, his ancestors four generations back, emigrated to 
 Ireland. The name was originally spelled De Bow and 
 from that was changed to its present form. His grandfather 
 was named Thomas Bowe. His father, Jeremiah Bowe, 
 was born in Tipperary county, Ireland, in the year 1800. 
 
 He was the oldest of two children. His mother died when 
 he was between three and four years of age. He secured a 
 better education than was common at that day. It was de- 
 signed that he should enter the mercantile business, and he 
 underwent a course of study especially fitting him for that 
 pursuit. His uncle, who held a government position as 
 teacher in one of the parishes, was for a time his instructor, 
 and he afterward attended a high school. On reaching 
 manhood he married Margaret Brassill, who was born in the 
 same part of Ireland as himself. 
 
 In the year 1835 Jeremiah Bowe came to America, leaving 
 his family then consisting of a wife and one child behind in 
 Ireland. He remained about two years in Massachusetts, 
 and not considering the advantages of this country at that 
 time sufficient to induce him to become a permanent resident 
 with his family, of this country, he returned to Ireland. 
 Subsequently occurred the famine in Ireland, and hard 
 times followed after. It was then that he resolved to come 
 to the United States. He left his native country with his 
 family in September, 1849. Mr. Bowe, then a boy of nearly 
 seven, remembers the voyage across the ocean as rough and 
 stormy. Landing from their vessel at New Orleans, the 
 family came up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers to La 
 Grange, and there set foot on the soil of Illinois and of 
 Brown county. 
 
 The means of his father had been nearly exhausted du- 
 ring the two years of hard times through which he had 
 lived in the old country. He bought, however, one hundred 
 and sixty acres of land in section twenty of township one 
 south, range one west. He died in 1855. He was an indus- 
 trious and energetic man, of more than usual intelligence. 
 His widow, who was born in March 1807, is still living. 
 Their children were seven. The oldest, Mary, is the wife 
 of Edward O'Connell. Ellen, who married Michael O'Con- 
 nell, died in January, 1882. Bridget, the third child, was 
 drowned in Ireland at the age of two years. The remain- 
 ing children are Thomas and John H., Bridget, wife of 
 James Bowe, of Bluff City, Scott county, and Margaret. 
 
 Thomas Bowe was the fourth of seven children, and was 
 born on the 22d of December, 1842. The schools of the 
 neighborhood in which he lived in this county, afforded the 
 principal advantages he had for obtaining an education. 
 One wiuter he attended the public school at Beardstown. 
 When he became of age he and his brother undertook the 
 management of the farm, on which their mother had lived 
 after the death of her husband, and together carried on 
 farming operations until 1871. Since then he has been 
 farming for himself. He owns five hundred and forty 
 acres of land in sections seventeen and eighteen of town- 
 ship one south, range one west. His farm is mostly b >ttom 
 land and is rich aud productive. In his politics he has 
 always been a Democrat, and has taken great interest in the 
 success of the Djinocratic party whose principles he believes 
 to be best fitted to carry on this government. He has been 
 identified with the educational interests of his part of the 
 county, and for twelve years has served as school treasurer 
 of Cjoperstown township.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 325 
 
 JOHN H. BOWE. 
 
 John H. Bowe, one of the representative farmers of 
 Cooperstown township, was born at Thourles, Tipperary 
 county, Ireland, on the twenty-fifth of June, 1845. He was 
 the fifth of a family of seven children of Jeremiah Bowe 
 and Margaret Brassill. About ten years before the birth of 
 the subject of this sketch, his father came to the United 
 States, and after remaining a year or two in New England 
 went back to Ireland. Iu the year 1849 he came a second 
 time to America, this time with his family, with the in- 
 tention of making this country his permanent home. Land- 
 ing at New Orleans they eame up the Mississippi to St. Louis 
 and thence up the Illinois river to La Grange. Jeremiah 
 Bowe had a brother living in Schuyler county, and after re- 
 maining in that county three months he settled in Coopers- 
 town township in this county. In 1852 he purchased the 
 northwest quarter of section twenty of township one south, 
 range one west, and there lived till his death on the 12th 
 of April, 1855, at the age of fifty-six. His widow still sur- 
 vives him. 
 
 Mr. Bowe was four years old when he came to Illinois. 
 He attended school in the neighborhood of La Grange, and 
 from the time he was eleven till he was fifteen years old went 
 to school at Beardstown. During part of the year 1869, he 
 attended a commercial college at Quincy. May 28th, 
 1872, he married Mrs. Ellen Howell, daughter of 
 Orris M. Henry, an old and prominent resident of the 
 county. Her father was born in Ontario county, New 
 York, in 1814; came to Ohio in 1818, to the neighborhood 
 of Naples in this state in 1820, and afterward to Brown 
 county. He died November 7th, 1875. Her mother, 
 Eliza Emerick, was born in Montgomery county, Virginia, 
 in 1814, came to Ohio when four year old, to Morgan county 
 in this state in 1828, and to what is now Brown county, 
 in the fall of 18o0. She dkd on the 9th of April, 1875. 
 Mrs. Bowe is one of a family of eight children, composed of 
 six boys and two girls. She was first married in 1867 to 
 George C. Howell, who died two years and nine months 
 afterwards. 
 
 For some years Mr Bowe was farming in partnership 
 with his brother, Thomas Bowe, but since 1871 has been 
 conducting agricultural operations on his own account. His 
 farm comprises five hundred and sixty acres, and is situated 
 along the bluffs about a mile and a half above La Grange. 
 The most of it consists of the rich and productive land of 
 the Illinois river bottom. The buildings are handsome and 
 substantial, and the farm well improved. Of his children 
 the oldest, Maggie Ann, died on the 16th of October, 
 1874, at the age of thirteen months. The three living are 
 James Edwin, Grace, and Thomas Nolte. Another died in 
 infancy. Mrs. Bowe has one child by her previous marriage, 
 Thomas Martin Howell. In his politics Mr. Bowe has al- 
 ways been a member of the Democratic party, of which he 
 has been one of the most active and efficient members in 
 Cooperstown township. He is a gentleman who stands well 
 in the community in which he lives. In 1870 and again in 
 1872 he served as collector of Cooperstown township. He 
 
 was elected a justice of the peace in 1877, and re-elected in 
 1881. 
 
 JACOB H. SNYDEK. 
 
 Tins gentleman, one of the progressive and enterprising 
 farmers of Cooperstown township, isa native of Perry county, 
 Pennsylvania, and was born on the 10th day of June, 1831. 
 His father, Jacob Snyder, was born in Germany, and came 
 to the United States with his father when fourteen years old. 
 This was about the year 1816. The family settled in Perry 
 county, Pennsylvania, and there Jacob Snyder grew to years 
 of maturity, and married Elizabeth Young, who was born 
 and raised in Perry county, Pennsylvania. In 1837 he 
 moved to Preble county, Ohio, and there lived till his death 
 in the year 1858, at the age of fifty -six. His widow survived 
 him ten years, and died in 1868. The subject of this sketch 
 was the sixth of a family of eleven children. He was six 
 years old at the time the family moved from Pennsylvania 
 to Preble county, Ohio, in which locality he grew to man- 
 hood. When his father settled there, that part of Ohio 
 was comparatively new, and a great part of his time in boy- 
 hood was spent in assisting to bring a farm under cultiva- 
 tion. He attended, as he had opportunity, the schools of the 
 neighborhood, which for the most part were kept up by sub- 
 scription. 
 
 On the 7th of October, 1860, he married Margaret 
 Rush, who was born and raised in Preble county. Her 
 father, Cornelius Rush, and her mother, whose name before 
 marriage, was Barbara Brower, was from Virginia. After 
 his marriage he went to farming on his own account. In 
 1863, during the war of the rebellion, he served four months 
 as sergeant in company D, of the One Hundred and Fifty- 
 sixth Ohio regiment. He removed from Ohio to Illinois in 
 the year 1865. He first settled in Woodstock township of 
 Schuyler county, where he purchased a farm of one hundred 
 and twenty acres bf land. He had accumulated about one 
 thousand dollars in Ohio, and this constituted his capital on 
 coming to this state. He was a citizen of Schuyler county 
 till 1872. In the fall of 1871 he purchased his present farm 
 in section thirteen, of township one south, range two west 
 (Cooperstown township) on which he moved the following 
 spring. He has been engaged in agricultural operations on 
 an active scale, and is the possessor of five hundred and- forty 
 acres of land. His farm has an advantageous location, ex- 
 tending into the rich and fertile soil of the bottom, and in 
 capacity of production will compare well with the other 
 farms of Brown county. 
 
 He has nine children, whose names are Joseph F., John 
 B., Ida N., Cora G-, Luella B., Angeline A., Charles H., 
 Oliver E.,and Arthur L. All are living at home. In poli- 
 tics he has been a Republican from the time the Republican 
 party was formed. His sentiments were in opposition to sla- 
 very, and when the Free Soil movement started it had his 
 sympathies. When the Republican party was organized he 
 was one of the first to give it his support, and in 1856 voted 
 for Fremont, the first nominee presented by the Republicans 
 for president. He is known as an intelligent and enterpris-
 
 326 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ing farmer. The comfortable position which he occupies 
 among the well to-do farmers of the county is due to his own 
 industry and good management. He started with no capi- 
 tal except his energy, and no advantages beyond those which 
 are common to all men. As a fitting representative of the 
 agricultural interests of the country his name is presented 
 to the readers of this work. 
 
 ABSALOM A. PARKS (deceased), 
 
 Formerly a resident of Cooperstown township, was a native 
 of Madison county, Kentucky, and was born on the 8th of 
 May, 1830. His father was Daniel Parks, and his mother's 
 name, before marriage, was Minerva Adams. He was the 
 oldest of six children. When he was about six years old 
 his father removed with his family from Kentucky to Illi- 
 nois, remaining for a short time in Morgan county, and then 
 coming to ths county and settling east of Cooperstown. 
 The common schools were the means by which he acquired a 
 good business education. March 16th, 1864, he married 
 Sarah Robinson, who was born in Fayette county, Ken- 
 tucky, and whose father, Joseph Robinson, moved from 
 Kentucky to Illinois in 1836, when Mrs. Parks was a year 
 old, and settled in Versailles township. After his marriage 
 Mr. Parks engaged in farming on section 17 of township 
 1 south, range 2 west, where he resided till his death. He 
 began with only moderate means, but was industrious and 
 energetic, a good farmer, and at his death had one of the 
 best farms in the township, consisting of three hundred a nd 
 eighty acres. During the latter years of his life, his health 
 was impaired, and he died from typhoid pneumonia, on the 
 22d of March, 1875. Of his eight children six are living: 
 Joseph, Daniel A., Minnie, Tabbie, Maggie and Fred D. 
 In his political opinions he was a a Republican. He was a 
 member of the Adventist Church, with which he had been 
 connected for a number of years previous to his death. He 
 was a man of enterprise and public spirit, a good citizen, 
 and his death was a loss to the community. His widow 
 and children still remain on the farm. 
 
 CASPAR REGER. 
 
 Caspar Reger, one of the large farmers of Cooperstown 
 township, was born at Winzeln, Wurtemburg, Germany, on 
 the 8th of January, 1822. His early life was spent in his 
 native town. By the compulsory system of education exist- 
 ing in Germany, he was sent to school, from the time he was 
 six till he was fourteen years of age. He has since been an 
 extensive reader, and is well informed on a variety of sub- 
 jects. In Germany, he learned the trade of a stone cutter, 
 an occupation followed by his father. In the year 1849, he 
 came to America. From New York, where he landed, he 
 came to St. Louis. On the loth of December, 1849, he 
 married El'zabeth Bregenzer, who was also born in Wur- 
 temburg, Germany, and came to America the same year with 
 himself. A mouth or two after his marriage, he went to 
 
 Nashville, Tennessee, and was employed for four years on the 
 new State house, then in course of construction at that place. 
 Returning to St Louis in 1854, he remained there till 1857, 
 and then came to Brown county, with the intention of 
 engaging in farming, which he considered a more independ- 
 ent and desirable occupation. 
 
 He first bought a farm of one hundred and twenty-three 
 acres of rough land, east of where he now lives, and after- 
 ward acquired possession of his present farm, situated a mile 
 east of Cooperstown. This farm is one of the best in the 
 county, and has substantial buildings and fine improvements. 
 His children are Louis Reger, now in California : Sophie, 
 the wife of John J. Taylor ; Frank H. Reger, who married 
 Susie, daughter of Robert Cox, and is now engaged in farm- 
 ing in Cooperstown township ; William, Lizzie, and Fred- 
 erick. In 1876, Mr. Reger and his wife, after spending 
 some time at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, 
 visited the old country and saw once more the familiar scenes 
 amid which their early days had been spent His first voyage 
 across the Atlantic was in a sailing vessel, and occupied 
 forty-two days. His last trip was made in a steamship, and 
 only about one-fourth of the time was required in the passage. 
 When he first came to this country his political sympathies 
 were with the Democratic party. His residence in Ten- 
 nessee impressed him with the evils of slavery, and he united 
 in the Free Soil movement, and became an early Republican. 
 In St. Louis, at the Presidential election of 1856, he intended 
 to vote for Fremont, but no Republican ballots were pro- 
 vided at the polls. He has been a Republican since, though 
 he is independent and liberal in his views, and for the candi- 
 dates for local offices votes as his judgment dictates without 
 regard to politics. 
 
 GIDEON HINMAN (deceased), 
 
 Formerly a resident of Cooperstown township, was born 
 near Utica. New York, on the 17th of December, 1812. 
 His parents were Aaron and Gertrude Hinman ; his mother 
 was of Holland Dutch descent ; he was the youngest of a 
 family of twelve children. When he was nine years old his 
 father moved with the family to Verona, Madison county, in 
 the same state, and there Mr. Hinman grew to manhood. 
 He acquired a good education, and at the age of twenty 
 began teaching school in Verona; he taught one or two 
 terms; he was married in Madison county, New York, to 
 Jane Eames, and in the fall of the same year emigrated to 
 the AVest. For a few months he made his home in the 
 neighborhood of La Grange. What is now Brown county 
 was then a part of Schuyler. About the year 1846 he pur- 
 chased one hundred and sixty acres of land in section 
 twenty-one, township one south, range two west ; he here 
 improved a farm on which he lived till his death. In 1849 
 occurred the death of his first wife. His second marriage 
 was in April, 1850, to Minerva Alexander, who was born 
 and raised in Cooperstown township; her father, Ralph 
 Alexander, was born in Ohio, and came to Brown county 
 from Indiana in 1830. He was a tanner by trade, and was
 
 HIS TOR Y OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 327 
 
 he proprietor of one of the first tan yards in the country ; her 
 mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Fields, married 
 David M. Campbell, now a resident of Kansas, after the 
 death of her first husband. 
 
 Mr. I Unman resided in Cooperstown township till his 
 death, which occurred on the 4th of May, 1875. In his 
 political views he was originally a Whig, and afterward be- 
 came a Republican ; he was a man who was much respected 
 as a citizen. For some years previous to his death he had been 
 a member of the Second Adventist Church. He had twelve 
 childnn ; Gertiude ditd in infai.cy. Joseph, the next in the 
 order of his birth, is now a resident of McDonough county. 
 He served three years in the Third Illinois cavalry during 
 the war of the Rebellion. Eugene enlisted in the Eighty- 
 fourth Illinois regiment, was taken sick, and died on his 
 return home at the age of seventeen. Charles resides in 
 Warren county. Minerva Jane, the oldest daughter living ( 
 is the wife of William Withrow. Ralph died at the age of 
 seventeen, Hester when sixteen, and Clara when seven- 
 Ellen. Lincoln and Elizabeth are the three youngest living. 
 Otis, the next to the youngest child, died in infancy. The 
 last eight are children, by his second marriage. Since her 
 husband's death Mrs. Hinman has had the management of 
 the farm. 
 
 ELIAS CLARK. 
 
 Culpepper county, Virginia, was the birth-place of Elias 
 Clark. His forefathers came from Frederick county, Mary- 
 land ; his grandfather, Elias Clark, and his father, Josiah 
 Clark, were both born in Maryland, and from that state 
 moved to Virginia. His grandfather was a man of con- 
 siderable property, and owned a number of slaves in Vir- 
 ginia. His father was young when he came to Virginia, 
 and there married Jane Adams, who also came from Mary- 
 land. Josiah Clark was a soldier in the war of 1812-1814, 
 serving in a company raised in Virginia, commanded by 
 Capt. Charles Shackleford. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was the fifth of a family of 
 ten children, and was born within three miles of Chester's 
 Gap, in Culpepper county, Virginia, on the 15th of Febru- 
 ary, 1808. The only schools then in Virginia were sub- 
 scription schools. By the time he became old enough to 
 appreciate the advantages of an education, his labor was 
 required on the farm, and he had little chance of at- 
 tending school. On the 29th of March, 1829, he married 
 Elizabeth Tompkins, who was born and raised in the same 
 county as himself, within a distance of a few miles. In the 
 fall of 1835 he moved from Virginia to Coshocton county, 
 Ohio. He lived there till 1849, when he came to this state, 
 remaining in Edgar county one year, and coming to Brown 
 county in 1850, and settling where he now lives, on section 
 33 of township 1 south, range 2 west. He settled on new 
 land, aud by hard work has succeeded in placing a fine 
 farm under cultivation. His first wife died on the 27th of 
 August, 1873. He married again, Mrs. Eliza Logsdon, who 
 was born in Madison county, Kentucky. Her maiden name 
 was Cuilitu. Mr. Clark has had nine children. The oldest, 
 
 James William, died in 1859, aged twenty-nine years ; 
 Talitha Catharine is the wife of George Kendrick ; Jane 
 married George Hollis, and is now living in Ford county ; 
 Franklin and Charles are farming in Cooperstown town- 
 ship. Jonah died at the age of twenty-one, and Elias in 
 infancy. The two youngest sons, Moses and Martin, en- 
 listed on the Hth of February, 1864, in company E of the 
 Sixteenth Regiment 111. Vol. Veterans, and served till the 
 close of the war of the rebellion. They took part in the 
 battles of Rocky Face, Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Kenesaw 
 Mountain and Atlanta, and were with Sherman in his march 
 to the sea. Moses died in 1871 ; Martin lives in Cooperstown 
 township. 
 
 In his political principles Mr. Clark h:is been a Demo- 
 crat, though he has not adhered so closely to the Democratic 
 party as to vote for its candidates when he considered men 
 of opposite political faith were more fit for public office. 
 For a number of years he has been a member of the 
 Methodist Episcopal Church. He has lived to see his 
 children all well situated in life. Elsewhere a view of his 
 residence in Cooperstown township is shown. 
 
 JAMES A. COX. 
 
 James A. Cox, who since 1874 has carried on the mer- 
 cantile business at Cooperstown, is a native of that place 
 and was born on the 20th of February, 1850. His father, 
 William F. Cox, came to Illinois from the vicinity of 
 Georgetown, Kentucky, and after being for a time in the 
 neighborhood of Mt. Sterling came to Cooperstown, and 
 was the first person who ever opened a store and sold goods 
 in that place. He died in 1873. His mother was Emily 
 Orchard, daughter of John Orchard, one of the pioneer 
 residents of the eastern part of the county.* She was born 
 in Madison county, Kentucky Of the ten children of Wil- 
 liam F. and Emily Cox all were sons, and James A. Cox 
 was the seventh in the order of his birth. The schools of 
 Cooperstown and Mt. Sterling furnished him his educa- 
 tional advantages. After leaving school at the age of sev- 
 enteen, he became a clerk in the store of John A. Givens at 
 Mt Sterling- He then came to Cooperstown, and occupied 
 the same position in the store of Cox & Brackenridge and 
 their successors in business. He was thus employed up to 
 the year 1874, when he opened a store himself and has since 
 been successfully engaged in merchandising. He has a com- 
 plete assortment of dry goods, groceries, hardware, and other 
 articles usually found in a general store. On the 29th of Au- 
 gust, .1870, he married Martha J. Pettigrew, daughter of J. 
 H. Pettigrew, an old resident of this county. This marriage 
 occurred in Missouri, though Mrs. Cox, like her husband, 
 was born and raised in ISrowu county. He has three chil- 
 dren — Lula, Maud, and George M. In his political inclina- 
 tions he has always been a Republican, and his first vote for 
 President was given for General Grant in 1872. Since 
 March, 1882, he has held the office of post-master at Coop- 
 erstown.
 
 328 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 IRA HOWELL. 
 
 Jonathan Howell, father of Ira Howell, was born in 
 Guilford county, North Carolina, and married Elizabeth Gil- 
 luun, a native of the same State. He moved from North 
 Carolina, and was one of the early settlers of Monroe county, 
 Indiana. In the last named county, on the 2d of October, 
 1819, was born Ira Howell, the third of a numerous family 
 of children. He lived in Monroe county, Indiana, till he 
 was thirteen years old, when the family moved to Hendricks 
 county in the same State. The nearest schools were two or 
 three miles distant from his home, and he had only limited 
 opportunities for obtaining an education. In the fall of 
 1838, the family came to Brown county, and settled a mile 
 aud a half southeast of Ripley. Here Jonathan Howell died 
 in 1861. Mr. Howell was nineteen when he came to this 
 county. In 1841, he married Anna Thomas, a native of 
 Ohio, and daughter of John Thomas. In 1856, he moved to 
 his present farm, and has since resided on section sixteen of 
 township one south, range two west. He has six children, 
 Elizabeth, now the wife of William Newby; John; Marga- 
 ret, who married Edward Logsdon ; George, Hezekiah, and 
 Alice, now the wife of George Logsdon. All are residents 
 of this county except the oldest daughter, Mrs. William 
 Newby, who resides in Macon county, Missouri. He was 
 originally a Democrat in politics, but of late years he has 
 been independent in his views, and is inclined to support the 
 doctrines of the National Greenback organization. He has 
 succeeded in life beyond most men, commencing on slender 
 capital, and having now become the owner of six hundred 
 acres of land in Cooperstown township. 
 
 STEPHEN D. COX. 
 
 Among the prominent business men of Cooperstown town- 
 ship is Stephen D. Cox. He was born two miles southeast 
 of Cooperstown, on. the 22d of October, 1843. His ances- 
 tors were Kentuckians. His grandfather was Joseph Cox. 
 His father, William F. Cox, was born in Kentucky, and 
 coming to this State with his father, first settled in the neigh- 
 borhood of Mt. Sterling, and then came to Cooperstown 
 township. He married Emily Orchard, daughter of John 
 Orchard, one of the pioneer settlers in the vicinity of Coop- 
 erstown. She was born in Madison county, Kentucky. 
 William F. Cox died in 1873, at the age of fifty seven. His 
 widow is still living. The subject of this sketch was the 
 fourth of ten children, all of whom were boys. He was 
 raised in Cooperstown township. September, 1862, then in 
 his nineteenth year, he enlisted in Company D, One. Hun- 
 dred and Nineteenth Regiment Illinois Volunteers, for ser- 
 vice in the war of the rebellion. He was with his regiment 
 from the time it entered the service till mustered out at the 
 close of the war. For the last two years he was the bugler 
 of the regiment. He served in Tennessee, Louisiana, Mis- 
 sissippi, Aliiliam ', and other Southern States, and was in the 
 battles of Fort Derussy, Yellow Bayou, Tupelo, Nashville, 
 and at the attack on Fort Blakelcy, in Mobile harbor, the 
 
 last battle which ended the war of the rebellion. After his 
 discharge at Springfield, on the 9th of September, 1865, he 
 returned to Brown county, 
 
 From 1865 to 1868 he was employed a? clerk in a store 
 at Versailles. The latter year he embarked in the mercan- 
 tile business at Cooperstown, for a few months in partnership 
 with W. W. Stites, and in the fall of 1868 forming a part- 
 nership with W. H. Breckenridge, of Versailles, which 
 continued for six years. Since 1875 he has been carrying 
 on the mercantile business on his own account. Oh the 6th 
 of July, 1871, he married Miss Candes Henry, daughter of 
 0. M. Henry, one of the early settlers, and formerly one of 
 the leading business men of Brown county. By this mar- 
 riage he has three children, whose names are William H. B., 
 Sarah D., and Nellie. He is the owner of a farm of two 
 hundred and thirty acres, adjoining the town of Coopers- 
 town, which is finely improved, and on which are superior 
 buildings. He is a Republican in politics, and has acted 
 with that party from the time he was old enough to exercise 
 the right of suffrage. He was chosen, though of opposite 
 political faith from the majority of the voters in his part of 
 the county, to represent Cooperstown township on the board 
 of supervisors in 1873. 
 
 FRANCIS MARION STOUT. 
 
 Among the old residents and leading business men of 
 Brown county is F. M. Stout of Cooperstown township. He 
 is a native of Kentucky, and was born within three miles of 
 Georgetown, Scott county, on the 29th of January, 1823. 
 His ancestors were English. His great-great-grandfather 
 came from England and settled in New Jersey. His grand- 
 father, Eli Stout, migrated from New Jersey to Kentucky 
 about the beginning of the present century. He journeyed 
 down the Ohio river in a boat, exposed to considerable dan- 
 ger from the hostile Indians on the banks of that stream. 
 He was one of the pioneer settlers of Fayette county, Ken- 
 tucky, and died in Owen county of that State. Isaac Stout, 
 father of the subject of this sketch, was born and raised in 
 Scott county, Kentucky, and married' Lydia Baxter, a native 
 of the same State. He subsequently moved to Leesburg, 
 Harrison county, Kentucky, where he died of cholera in 
 1833. The death of his wife occurred a few days previous to 
 that of his own. 
 
 Francis M. Stout was the oldest of four children. He was 
 ten years old when his parents died. He was taken care of 
 by his paternal grandfather, and grew up in Scott and Owen 
 counties, living in Kentucky till twenty-one years of age. 
 He attended the subscription schools, then the ordinary means 
 for obtaining an education, and also for one year was a stu- 
 dent in the high school of Owenton, the county seat of Owen 
 county. In the year 1844, a few months after he had at- 
 tained his majority, he came to Illinois, arriving in Brown 
 county in June. For three or four years after coming to the 
 county, he was occupied in teaching school. He taught south 
 of Mt. Sterling, afterward in what is now Cooperstown town- 
 ship, and then at Ripley. December 1846, he married Mar- 
 geuia Alexander, a native of Tennessee. In 184S he began
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 329 
 
 the pottery business at Ripley, in which most of the time 
 he has since been engaged. The death of his wife having 
 taken place in September, 1851, he was united in marriage 
 in January, 1853, to Nancy C. Alexander, a sister to his first 
 wife. 
 
 He embarked in the mercantile business at Ripley in the 
 spring of 1851, at first in partnership for a few months with 
 William Ward, and then for two or three years with J. A. 
 Hawkins. He afterward carried on the store for a number 
 of years by himself, though for a time he had as a partner 
 Samuel R. Glenn, and subsequently L. D. Stoffer. His part- 
 nership with the last-named gentleman was closed in 1872. 
 Since 1878 the business has been conducted in partnership 
 with his son, I. N. Stout, under the firm name of F. M. Stout 
 & Son. Besides carrying on a large mercantile business, the 
 firm operate a pottery establishment. Mr. Stout resides on 
 a farm of four hundred acres of land, a short distance south 
 of Ripley. Altogether he is the owner of eight hundred 
 acres in Brown county. He has seven children living. La- 
 fayette, the oldest, is farming in Mt. Sterling township; 
 Isaac Newton is in partnership in the store with his father; 
 John C. Fremont is farming for himself. The others are 
 James Madison, Abraham Lincoln, a daughter named An- 
 nis, and Allen. Three beside are dead. He was first a Whig 
 in politics, and the first vote he ever cast for president, as- 
 sisted in electing Gen. Zachary Taylor to the chief magis- 
 tracy of the nation in 1848. He was one of the early Re- 
 publicans of Brown county, and was one of the pioneer 
 members of the party who, in 1856, supported Fremont, the 
 first Republican presidential nominee. For a number of 
 years he has been a member of the Christian church. 
 
 Isaac Newton Stout, member of the firm of F. M. Stout 
 & Son, was born at Ripley, on the 12th of June, 1854, and 
 is the second of the seven children now living. His educa- 
 tion was obtained in the schools of the county. His home 
 was with his father till his marriage, which took place on the 
 25th of November, 1880, to Sarah M. Moore, daughter of 
 S. A. Moore. She was born in Adams county. He has one 
 child, Winnifred. Since November, 1878, he has been in 
 partnership with his father in the mercantile business. In 
 his political views he is an earnest Republican. 
 
 H. E. HENRY. 
 
 Of the men who have been connected with the business 
 interests of the eastern part of Brown county none better 
 deserve mention in this work than Capt. H. E. Henry, of 
 42 
 
 Cooperstown. His father, Orris M. H enry, was born in On- 
 tario county, New York, March 10th, 1814; in 1818 came 
 with his father's family to the vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 and in 1820 to Illinois, first settling near Naples, in what is 
 now Scott county. He subsequently came to Brown county 
 and settled near Cooperstown, where he died on the 7th of 
 November, 1875. He was one of the active business men 
 of the county, and for some years was engaged in the 
 pork-packing business at La Grange. In 1834 he married 
 Eliza Emerick, who was born in Montgomery county, Vir- 
 ginia, April 14th, 1814; came with her father to Ohio in 
 1818 ; to Morgan county, in this state, in 1828 ; and to what 
 is now Brown county, in 1830. She died on the 9th of 
 April, 1875. 
 
 The subject of this biography was the sixth of a family 
 of twelve children. His early years were spent in Coopers- 
 town township. On the 16th of June, 1859, he married 
 Sarah Putman, daughter of Daniel Putman, an early set- 
 tler of the county and one of the pioneer merchants of Mt. 
 Sterling. September, 1862 he enlisted in company D., One 
 Hundred and Nineteenth Illinois regiment, and served three 
 years during the war of the rebellion. On the organization 
 of the company he was elected lieutenant, and about a year 
 afterward was commissioned as captain, and thenceforth had 
 command of his company till the end of the war. He was 
 never absent from duty, nor sick a day during the whole 
 term of his service. He was present at the siege of Fort 
 Derussy, the engagements at Pleasant Hill and Yellow 
 Bayou, the battle of Nashville, Tennessee, which resulted 
 in the defeat of Hood, and of Tupelo, Mississippi, and took 
 part in the charge on Fort Blakeley in Mobile harbor, the 
 last engagement of any magnitude in the war. After the 
 close of active hostilities his regiment remained in Alabama 
 during the summer of 1865. He was mustered out at Mo- 
 bile, Alabama, on the 26th of August, 1865, and discharged 
 at Springfield in this state on the following 9th of Septem- 
 ber. 
 
 For several years he was in partnership with his father 
 in the coopering and pork-packing business, and the firm of 
 O. M. Henry & Co. transacted a large business in grain and 
 pork and handled a considerable part of the products of the 
 eastern part of the county. The pork-packing business was 
 carried on at La Grange, and afterward at Mt. Sterling. 
 From 1867 to 1870 he was in the mercantile business at 
 Cooperstown. He has two children, Charles M. and Hattie. 
 Two others died in infancy. He was one of the early Re- 
 publicans of the county, and in 1856 was one of the few 
 men in Brown county who supported Fremont, the first Re- 
 publican candidate for President.
 
 WOODSTOCK TOWXSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.] 
 
 - . » * 
 
 - 
 
 I oa section 36, m the 
 btkrw 1824. George 
 the In 
 til has doth in 1*47. He left bo 
 
 of laeae Naught's wiie, was Nancy 
 they had a family of eleven children fire mm 
 At {mats* there are teres living, (bar 
 
 fear of then in thk county, two in 
 The oldest, John Naught. 
 the Black Hawk war, and two sons, George and 
 liiJnf, in the township. Isaac Naaght 
 settled the &m now owned by the heirs of Alexander Stuts- 
 hk cabin on the southeast quarter of tbe 
 of3S,T. 1 >% R. 2 west, and lived there 
 it to Manlore, when he moved aboot a mile 
 of the base line- He continued to reside oo 
 lead. It waa at his residence that the first 
 in the township was organised. Thk ocearred 
 in 1*27, by the regular Baptist di nndaaliin, and tbe 
 a name was Kay. Tbe first elections were also held 
 The Naught settlement, as it was called in 
 eariv days, was the earliest in this township, and ore of tbe 
 first' in the county. In the year 1825, were added to it the 
 of John Starr, and Hading Starr, son of John Starr, 
 Tbe Starr family came from 
 of the old sire, John Starr, are yet 
 firing in tbe county. The first s et tl em ent made in the north- 
 of the township ocearred in the year 
 -_•' The pioneer waa Richard Black, a native of Sooth 
 He was bora in 1784, and grew to naabood and 
 He moved with his family to Kentucky, where 
 he kat his wife and was married again to Elizabeth Fowler. 
 In November, 1825, be emigrated and landed at Rnshville 
 with his family, and purchased Willis O'Neal's improve- 
 ment. This waa the land upon which tbe center of tbe city 
 d hia cabin stood near the site of the old 
 in the public square. For this improvement 
 Mr. Black paid O'Neal two hundred dollars, and be raised 
 only one crop, when he waa "catered oat" by tbe eounty, 
 i then a new organization ; and that particular spot 
 eea affected lor the site of tbe county seat Mr. Black 
 received more than twelve dollars in money, and a two 
 year old heifer, for the place for which be had only a abort 
 before paid two hundred dollars- In tbe fall of 1826 
 he moved to Woodstock, and settled on tbe 8 W. J of sec- 
 15- Hia cabin waa so located that tbe road from Ra»h- 
 viJle to Mt- Sterling, which waa afterwards laid out. ran 
 pact k, aad his place breams almost an inn, the traveling 
 public halting there at all times of tbe day and night- Hia 
 children that grew up were Nancy, Elvina, Sophia, William 
 T.and Isaac; James P. Black, a married son of bis, came to 
 Baahville in tbe spring of 1826, and made hia borne with 
 hia father till tbe fall, «ben be moved with his father to
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 331 
 
 Woodstock, and afterwards settled on the N. E. } of section 
 i'5 north range. He remained in the township until his death. 
 In 1827 we find Isaac Sanders, who arrived here from 
 Indiana in the fall of that year, bringing with him his wife 
 and four children, Tolbert, John, James and Purlina. He 
 located on the S. W. } of the N. E. k of section 1 5, where he 
 erected a cabin and in the spring broke five acres and 
 planted it in corn. He lived and died on the place, but his 
 children have all left the county. He was also accompanied 
 with Jacob Fowler, father-in-law of Richard, who was a 
 South Caroliuian. His family consisted of his wife and 
 children, William, Isaac, Mary, Sarah and Rebecca. They 
 drove a flock of geese all the way from Indiana, which were 
 probably the first domestic geese brought to the country. 
 He located on the S. E i of the N. W. i of section 15, and 
 spent the remainder of his days in Woodstock, and there is 
 but one of his children now residing in the township. 
 He was for a number of years a mail carrier and at one 
 time controlled many of the mail routes in the state. 
 
 Moses Pettigrew, James Edmunston and Benjamin Gols- 
 ton came into the township early in 1827. Pettinger moved 
 across the creek into Cooperstown township, Brown county, 
 a few years later, where he was among the early settlers. 
 There also arrived in the same year Archibald Paris, James, 
 William and John Evans, and Daniel Matheny. Captain 
 Daniel Matheny, as he was better known, was a patriot of 
 the War of 1812, and was with General Jackson at New 
 Orleans, and captain of a company of rangers in the Black 
 Hawk War. He came to this county with Joel Tullis, from 
 Indiana in a pirogue, down the Ohio river and up the Mis- 
 sissippi and Illinois, in 1826. May 5, 1831, he sold his 
 place, the southwest quarter of section 21, to James Tomp- 
 sou, and subsequently moved to Iowa. 
 
 In 1829, Mrs. Amelia Riley, with a family of six sons, 
 Daniel, Caleb, Anderson, Martin, Isaac Shelby, and Pressly, 
 and a married daughter, the wife of Mordecai Fowler, came 
 into the township from Indiana. They came in wagons, 
 drawn by horses. Daniel was married when they came, 
 and they all settled together, except Fowler, on the N. W. 
 quarter of section 7, north range. He (Fowler) located on 
 the same section with his father, Jacob Fo'wler. The Rileys 
 were great sportmen, very fond of horse-racing, shooting- 
 matches, etc., in which the early settlers frequently indulged. 
 The children of Martin Riley are all of the family now re- 
 siding in the county. 
 
 Early in 1826, John Logsdon came from Indiana with his 
 wife and one child, and stopped with Richard Black at 
 Rushville, for about three months, and some time afterward 
 became a resident of the southern part of this township. He 
 finally moved to Missouri. About the same time that he 
 came into Woodstock, his brother Vaughn and family set- 
 tled on the S. W. quarter of section 3, north range, and 
 remained for a few years. His brothers, Amos Redman 
 and Jackson, single men, also became early residents, but 
 afterwards went to the same state. 
 
 Allen Alexander and his family came about 1829, and set- 
 tled On section 28. He kept a ferry across Crooked creek, 
 
 at a point near where the Rushville and Mt- Sterling road 
 crossed the stream, at a very early day. 
 
 Timothy Harris was also an early arrival. He was a 
 native of one of the eastern states, and came here from 
 Morgan or Sangamon county. He brought with him con- 
 siderable stock, cattle and horses; had a wife and one child, 
 and settled on the N. W. quarter of section 15, north range. 
 He had purchased the land before moving, and came with 
 the intention of becoming a permanent settler. He died 
 here at a very old age. 
 
 Zachariah Wells and his sons, Tenney and Joseph, and 
 John Conrad settled in the southern part of the township in 
 1830. James Beard, John Howell, and Jonathan Manlove, 
 jr., came in 1831. John Skaggs, Pierre J. Jonte, Peter 
 Hermitete, James F. Groscloude, and Peter Adams, also, in 
 the southern portion, settled in the year 1833. Jonte, Her- 
 mitete and Groscloude were native Frenchmen. Jonte and 
 Groscloude were brothers-in-law. 
 
 Alexander Stutsman was another prominent early settler. 
 He was born near Louisville, Kentucky, in 1798, and came 
 to this county with his family in 1831, and purchased the 
 old place that Isaac Naught settled, of Jonathan Manlove, 
 and resided there until his death, Oct. 30, 1876. He was 
 married in Indiana to Rhoda Seybold, and she still survives 
 him, and is residing on the old homestead, in the seventy- 
 fifth year of her age. They had born to them eleven chil- 
 dren, who are now living — two sons, John S. and Alexander 
 Stutsman, jr. ; and nine daughters, all married but one, and 
 six of them residing in the county. Alexander Stutsman, 
 jr., died in 1862, and three of his children reside in the 
 county. John S. resides near the old homestead, and is one 
 of the prominent and influential men of the township, having 
 served several terms as supervisor, and seventeen years as 
 school trustee in Woodstock. In the Black Hawk War the 
 Naught settlement furnished seven volunteers, viz : Captain 
 Daniel Matheny, George Naught, sr., John Naught, Benja- 
 min Golston, William Allen, Hasting Starr, and Daniel 
 Edmonston. The township was equally patriotic in the 
 other wars, and the names of her gallant sons may be found 
 enrolled in the chapter of patriotism in the former part of 
 this work. . 
 
 Joseph Hoffman, a Pennsylvania German, and family, 
 emigrated from Ohio, and located in section 16, about 1837 
 or '38. Michael Palmer, another Pennsylvanian, also set- 
 tled about the same time. In 18 i9, John Brown, a Ken- 
 tuckian, who had come to the county in 1831, made his home 
 in Woodstock. He had lived at Rushville for eight years. 
 He located on sec 16, and remained there until his death in 
 1858. Six of his children are living; only one, however, in 
 Schuyler county — Robert Brown, on section 10 of this town- 
 ship. The father, John Brown, was an associate judge, and 
 was elected to the legislature, while the capital was yet at 
 Vandalia ; and was re elected to serve his county two or 
 three times in that capacity. ' He was also elected to the 
 state senate for one term, was supervisor of the township, 
 and also served the people in other minor offices. His 
 son, Robert Brown, served one term in the Illinois senate ; 
 John O, auother son, was sheriff" of the county for two
 
 332 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 terms ; and his sou, George W. Brown, residing in Kansas, 
 has also represented the township in the lower house in that 
 state. 
 
 Thus have we sketched a few of the earliest and most 
 prominent families in the township. We have not men- 
 tioned all of them, nor should it be expected of us to do so. 
 Early in the decade of 1830-' 40, there began a steady im- 
 migration, and in some years during that time there was a 
 large influx, many of them becoming permanent settlers, and 
 others remaining but a short time. It would require a vol- 
 ume to follow up the arrivals and departures of all of them ; 
 and, were it possible, it would not be interesting to do so. 
 The trials and hardships, customs and habits, and mode of 
 living are fully set forth in the chapter on Pioneers in this 
 work, and it would be only a repetition to relate them here. 
 In 1817 and '18, long before any settlements were made by 
 the white man in this part of Illinois, these lands were set 
 apart by Congress for the survivors of the war of 1812, and 
 each soldier received a patent for 160 acres of land ; and the 
 following are a few of the first claims located in this town- 
 ship : T. 1 N., R 2 W.— November 15, 1817, Joseph Clough, 
 S. E. quarter section 1 ; November 2'J, Samuel Pierce, N. E 
 quarter section 4 ; same date, Nicholas Wells, N. W. quar- 
 ter of section 4 ; November 1 9, Isaac Brayraan, S. E quarter 
 of section 8 ; October 6, 1817, L. Winson, N. W. quarter of 
 section 9 ; December 24, William Linton, S. W. quarter of 
 section 10, all in the year 1817. T. 1 S., R. 2 W., in the 
 same year, October 6, Virgil Eachus, N. W. quarter section 
 14 ; October 6, John W. Fancher, S- E. quarter section 2 ; 
 January 15, 1818, John H. Kersey, S. W. quarter section 
 one ; and William Handle, S. E. quarter section one, on the 
 same date. 
 
 The first school taught in the township was in a small log 
 cabin on section 36, in the year 1827, by John Taylor. The 
 earliest school in the northern part of the township was 
 taught by a man named Hatfield, in an elm pole cabin, built 
 in the fall of 1833, in an elm grove, and the children 
 " daubed " it after the session began, making the mortar in- 
 side the house, which had no floor. It was a subscription 
 school, $1.50 or $2.00 per pupil. Among the scholars of 
 that term were William T. and Isaac Black, Sarah and Re- 
 becca Fowler, Houston and Elihu Alexander, James and 
 Thomas Sanders ; Alexander, Isaac S. and Pressly Riley. 
 Anderson and Isaac Riley, took the teacher Hatfield out 
 tied his hands and set him down in the snow, because he 
 would not agree to treat his pupils with whiskey, which was 
 then the custom, on Christmas day. He did not comply with 
 the request on Christmas, but signed thtir petition agreeing 
 to treat on New Year's day, which he did. The earliest mar- 
 
 riages, mills, ferries, etc., are all mentioned in the chapter 
 on the Civil History of the county. The first church was 
 built by the regular Baptists on N. E. i of section 2 south 
 range, as early as 1831. John Ray, John Logan, William 
 Cross, John Taylor and Granville Bond were among the 
 earliest preachers. James P. Black was the first justice of 
 the peace. Isaac Fowler did the first blacksmithinginl827 
 and Gamaliel Hill was the first wheelwright He made 
 many of the spinning wheels for the early settlers. The 
 earliest mill was built by Robert Burton, on Crooked creek, 
 on the S. E. 1 of section 28, in the fall of 1837. It was a 
 saw and grist mill propelled by water ; a frame building, and 
 had one wheat and one corn burr. Another mill stands on 
 the same site, which was built by Michael and Henry Huff- 
 man about 1865, and is now owned and operated by Joseph 
 Long. It has one wheat and one corn burr. The building 
 is frame, and the mill is propelled by water. There is a 
 good vein of coal underlying the whole surface of the township, 
 and it is worked for local demands at several different points. 
 William Lowden works the vein on section 11, and it is 
 also being obtained on sections 14. 9 and 12. There is also 
 an excellent quality of building and whet stone quarried in 
 section 24. 
 
 The township is supplied with several churches, the his- 
 tory of which may be seen in the Eccles'a?tical chapter. 
 There are five neat and well furnished school- houses, where 
 teaching is held the greater part of the year. There is but 
 one post office, Sylvia, which was established in the spring of 
 1881. Austin Black is the postmaster. It is situated near 
 the center of the township on the Mt. Sterling and Rush- 
 ville road. Below are the supervisors who have represented 
 Woodstock since township organization. 1854 John Brown 
 was elected and served four terms, and was made chairman 
 of the board. He was succeeded by John Howell, for one 
 year, when James H. Browning was elected and served two 
 terms. In 1861 John C. Brown was elected and re-elected 
 in 1862. William P. Thompson was elected in 1863 and 
 by re-election served until 1869. In 1869 John S. Stutsman 
 was elected and served one year. John C. Brown, was re- 
 elected in 1870, and John S. Stutsman in 1871 and '72. In 
 1873 John C. Brown was again elected, and succeeded the 
 following year by John S- Stutsman. In 1875, Perry Logs- 
 don was elected and served two term*, and was succeeded in 
 1877 by John S. Stutsman. John F. Langford was elected 
 in 1878, and succeeded in 1879 by John C. Taylor, who has 
 been re-elected each succeeding year, and is the present in- 
 cumbent- 
 Woodstock was reported in ihecensus of 1880 to have one 
 huudred and ninety-three farms and 1381 population.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 -fV 
 
 ■* i * * 
 
 HON. ROBERT BROWN, 
 
 One of the leading citizens and enterprising farmers of 
 Schuyler county, was born here October 19th, 1835. He 
 was a son of the late Hon. John Brown, whose death oc- 
 curred on the 16th of January, 1859. John Brown had 
 frequently been called on by the citizens of his county to 
 accept of many of the offices of both honor and trust. He 
 twice represented Schuyler county in the legislature and one 
 term in the State senate, discharging the duties pertaining 
 thereto with capacity and ability. He was a man always 
 held in high esteem by his constituents. His death was 
 mourned not only by his family but by his numerous friends 
 throughout the county. 
 
 The early education of Robert Brown was acquired in the 
 common schools of the county. By close application and 
 diligent study, he acquired a sound knowledge of the rudi- 
 ments of an English education, which he has greatly added 
 to by a careful course of reading. After the death of his 
 father he assumed the general management of the farm and 
 affairs at home. On the 2d of November, 1866, he was 
 married to Miss Mary Margaret Smith Hoffman, also a na- 
 tive of Schuyler county. As a practical farmer and stock 
 raiser, Mr. Brown has exhibited much energy, skill and suc- 
 cess, and has done much to create an interest in the breed- 
 ing of good stock in the county. 
 
 He, like his father, has frequently been solicited by the 
 citizens of the county to accept office, but, as a rule, he has 
 preferred devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits, and 
 he finally consented to allow his name to be used, and was 
 elected a member of the State senate in 1874, serving four 
 years, the full term, giving eminent satisfaction to his con- 
 stituents. 
 
 WILLIAM T. BLACK. 
 
 The Black family is of German ancestry. They came to 
 America at a time prior to the Revolutionary war. They 
 settled on the coast of the Carolinas, and subsequently, as 
 the country improved, went back into the interior. Thomas 
 Black, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was 
 born in South Carolina, near the northern line of the state, 
 and was living there during the war of the Revolution. 
 Members of the family participated and fought on the 
 patriot's side in that memorable struggle. He moved to 
 Hancock county, Kentucky, and there died. His son 
 Richard, the father of William T, was also born on the 
 line of North and South Carolina ; he removed to Dubois 
 county, Indiana, about the time that s'ate was admitted 
 
 into the Union. He remaiued in Indiana until 1825, then 
 came to Illinois and settled where Rushville now stands- 
 The town was laid out the next year. In the spring of 
 1827 he removed to the neighborhood where William T. 
 now lives, and there remained until his death which oc- 
 curred in 1853. 
 
 He married Elizabeth Partlow, by whom he had four 
 children, two of whom are living. She died, and he sub- 
 sequently married Elizabeth Fowler ; she died 1 877. By 
 the latter marriage there were eight children, three of 
 whom have survived the parents. 
 
 William T. was born in Dubois county, Indiana, March 
 18, 1821, and was in his fifth year when the family came to 
 Illinois. Here he grew to manhood, and received but a 
 limited education. It must be remembered that it was then 
 the pioneer days of Illinois, and schools were the exception 
 rather than the rule. Mr. Black's education is, therefore, 
 self-acquired. He remained at home until he attained his 
 majority, then married and commenced farming on rented 
 lands. In the spring of 1844 he moved to Littleton town- 
 ship and rented a farm. One year later he purchased it, and 
 six years later sold it and purchased another farm west of 
 it, in section 17, and there he remained until the fall of 
 1867, when he bought laud in section 10 southeast in Wood- 
 stock township, and there he has resided until the present. 
 
 On the 30th of October, 1842 he married Miss Matilda 
 Matheny, a native of Ohio, but was a resident of Littleton 
 township at the time of her marriage. By this union there 
 have been eight children, six of whom arrived at maturity. 
 Their names in the order of their birth are : Austin, who 
 married Miss Nancy King, and is a farmer and resident of 
 section 15 in this township; Athilinda, wife of R. W. Ket- 
 tenring, a resident of McDonough county; Harriet A.; 
 William H., married Miss Rachel Boyles, and lives in 
 Camden township ; Richard, married Miss Samantha Jane 
 Stephens, and lives in this township ; Fjanklin P., married 
 Miss Sarah Kennedy, and lives on the old homestead. Both 
 Mr. Black and his wife are members of the regular Predes- 
 tinarian Baptist church. Politically the family have with 
 few exceptions always been staunch Democrats. Mr. Black 
 has been justice of the peace for one full term and was re- 
 elected, and is now serving his second term. 
 
 In 1879 he was regularly nominated by the Democratic 
 party in convention assembled for the office of county trea- 
 surer, but his defeat was brought about by the treachery of 
 members of his own party. He had succeeded in carrying 
 the nomination over the heads of other aspirants, who be- 
 came jealous of his popularity, and adopted such measures as 
 led to the defeat of Mr. Black. All acknowledged his emi- 
 
 333
 
 334 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 nent fitness for the place, and none stood higher in the 
 community for honesty and probity of character than Mr. 
 Black, therefore his defeat was a surprise to his friends, and 
 they attributed it to the treacherous action of those who 
 were under obligations as Democrats to support him. The 
 Black family are among the pioneers of four states, viz. : 
 
 South Carolina, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois. When 
 tht-y came to Illinois, Schuyler county was almost unknown, 
 and Rushville, the county-seat, had not yet been laid out. 
 What a wonderful change has gone on since they first came 
 here. Then it was a frontier state with a few thousand in- 
 habitants, and now it ranks fourth in the union of states. 
 
 ■^£^3jj£g5 ^y> 
 
 BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 , HE second settlement in the county, 
 was made in this township, and from the 
 solitary family which invaded its soli- 
 tude in 1824 it has steadily increased in 
 population and wealth until it now ranks 
 second in the county in population. 
 Upon its entire surface are found valua- 
 ble and highly improved farms, occupied 
 by thrifty farmers. Neat and pleasant 
 homes greet the eye of the traveler as 
 he passes over its roads- . 
 The location is near the geographical centre of the county, 
 its boundary upon the north being Littleton, on the east 
 Rush\ ille, on the south, Woodstock, and xm the west, Cam- 
 den. Its surface is gently undulating, and that portion lying 
 between the water courses, a strip extending diagonally 
 across the township from the southwest to the northeast, is 
 rolling prairie, while the portions along the streams are more 
 broken, and were formerly covered with a dense growth of 
 timber, nearly all of which has long since yielded to the axe 
 of the sturdy pioneer yeoman, and is now transformed into 
 fertile and productive fields. The soil is rich and highly 
 productive, yielding large crops of the cereals, and hay, and 
 excellent pastures. It is strictly an agricultural township, 
 though much attention is paid to grazing, and much valua- 
 ble and fine blooded stock of all kinds add to the wealth of 
 its inhabitants. Access is had to all sections by well-kept 
 roads and bridges, which span the streams in all directions. 
 Its citizens are moral, well educated and intelligent, and are 
 surrounded by all the accessories necessary for comfort and 
 happiness. All this has been accomplished in less than ^xty 
 years, and the former abode of the red man, the deer, and 
 other beasts of the forest, is now one continued succession 
 of fertile aud beautiful farms, with handsome residences, 
 commodious barns, improved machinery, aud valuable stock. 
 
 Stony Branch and Brush creek enter the township from Lit- 
 tleton on the north. The former enters in two distinct 
 branches, one in section one, the other in section eight, both 
 meeting in the northwest corner of section nine, and keeps 
 the same southwesterly direction in which they enter, and 
 pass west in Camden, through section nineteen. Brush creek 
 enters through section six, flows south and west, and passes 
 out in section seven. Green Branch rises in three distinct 
 branches in sections twenty-two, twenty-three, and twenty- 
 four, all flowing southwest and uniting in one, in section 
 thirty-two, then bears due west, and passes out through sec- 
 tion thirty-one. The streams furnish a plentiful supply of 
 water for stock, and afford the necessary drainage for the 
 surface water, and are greatly aided in the latter by tiling, 
 to which much attention has been given of late. 
 
 The first land entries or patents to the heroes of the war 
 of 1812 were issued to Dennis Owens, for the S. E quarter 
 of section one, October 6, 1817 ; to James McArthur, for the 
 S. E quarter of section seven, October 13, 1817; to Robert 
 Reynolds, for the S. W. quarter of section three ; aud to 
 Joseph Sealey, for the S. E quarter of section three, both 
 bearing date of November 19, 1817; to John Hutchinson, 
 for the S. W. quarter of section four, December 6, 1817 ; aud 
 to Nathan Lake, for the N. E. quarter of section eight, No- 
 vember 29, 1817. 
 
 About the 1st day of November, 1823, Levin Green, a 
 Methodist local preacher, -made his appearance at the cabin 
 of Calvin Hobart, in Schuyler county. He met with a 
 hearty reception, such as was common only in pioneer times, 
 and the next morning his host started with a team to bring 
 his visitor's family to the settlement, as well as that of George 
 Stewart, his brother-in-law, all of whom were camped sixteen 
 miles north of where Frederick no v stands. These families 
 passed the winter iu a vacant cabin, which had been built 
 by two young man, James and Samuel Turner. Green and
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 335 
 
 Stewart were natives of North Carolina, but had been living 
 in Missouri, from which place they had just come. In the 
 early spring of 1824, Henry Green, Jr , arrived at the Ho- 
 bart settlement with a wife and two children, and the Greens 
 went into Buena Vista township, built their cabins, and then 
 moved their families. Levin selected for his home the S 
 E. 1 of section 23 ; Henry Green, Jr., the S. E. J of N. E 
 \ of section 20; and some time in 1825, George Stewart, the 
 S. E. J of section 13. Stewart's family consisted of a wife 
 and two children, and Levin's family consisted of four 
 persons, making eight human beings in the settlement. 
 Levin Green and George Stewart moved to what is now 
 Missouri township, in 1829, and they, and Henry Green, 
 Jr., subsequently emigrated to Texas. John Ritchey arrived 
 shortly after Levin Green, and with his wife and three 
 children took up a pre-emption right to the S. E. } of section 
 25, which he sold to Samuel Turner, and went to Littleton. 
 This early settlement was augmented in March, 1^25, by the 
 arrival of two brothers, Samuel and Manlove Horney, with 
 families, consisting of a wife and one child. These pioneers 
 were natives of North Carolina, but came from St. Clair 
 county, Illinois, where they had been living since 181 8- 
 They settled ia Buena Vista, Samuel, on the S W. i of 
 section 14, and Manlove, on an adjoining quarter. They 
 both resided here until 1834, when they moved up into Lit- 
 tleton. The settlement was further increased in numbers 
 by the arrival on the 2d day of May, 1825, of Philip Spohna- 
 more and family of eight persons ; George Green and family 
 of wife and six children ; John Spohnamore, a nephew of 
 Philip, wife and two children ; Henry Green, Sr., and wife, 
 parents of Levin ; John Green, wife and three children ; 
 James Robinson, Levin's brother-in-law, with a wife and 
 three children, making in all an increase of thirty-four in 
 the population. All came from Missouri, and all relations 
 of Levin, being brothers, or relatives by marriage, and it 
 was through Levin's importunities that they came. Philip 
 Spohnamore built his cabin on the S. E. } of section 24, and 
 died in Rushville at the age of eighty-four years. George 
 Green made improvements, and built a house on a portioa 
 of the same quarter in 1827, living in the meantime about a 
 mile north, and died in the township. John Spohnamore 
 lived on the land with his brother-in-law, George Green, 
 until 1827, when he took possess : on of the S. E. } of section 
 20, upon which he spent the remainder of his days. Henry 
 Green, Sr., and his wife, made their home with their son 
 John, on the N E 1 of section 23, where the old people 
 died, and John followed his brother Levin James Robin- 
 son, the brother in-law of the Greens, selected the S- E. i 
 of section 29, as a squatter, made limited improvements, by 
 building a cabin and clearing a small patch of ground. He 
 subsequently returned to his old house in Missouri. Samuel 
 Turner, the young njan mentioned as having built the cabin 
 in the Hobart settlement, re turned in the spring of 1825, 
 and found his cabin occupied. He sold his interest in the 
 improvement, and commenced a new one on the S E. i of 
 section 25, where he married in 1830, and continued to live 
 until 1834, when a claimant with a superior title appeared. 
 He then moved to S. E. J of section 11, which he purchased, 
 
 and upon which he died at the ripe old age of seventy years. 
 Charles Teas arrived in the fall of 1826, with a wife and 
 family of children, and made improvements on the Is. W. i 
 of section 23, building a cabin, and continuing his residence 
 there until the fall of 1829, when he sold to Lemuel Sparks, 
 and moved to Rushville, where he remained until March, 
 1831, when he parted with his interest, and went to Mc- 
 Donough county. Alexander Ross, of Kentucky, with a 
 wife and six children, was also one of the early settlers, 
 having arrived in the summer of 1826, when he built his 
 cabin, and took a settler's claim to the N E. 1 of section 16, 
 where he improved a farm, subsequently purchased the land, 
 and spent his declining years in the enioyment of the home 
 made with his own hands. In the spring of 1827, William 
 JJoyd, with a large family of children, arrived from Missouri, 
 and made a home for his little ones on the S. W. i of section 
 23, which he subsequently purchased, acd after living here 
 a number of years, until his neighbors became too numerous 
 to suit his pioneer disposition, he disposed of his farm, and 
 moved to Iowa, where he died at a ripe age. 
 
 We next invite the attention of the reader, to the settle- 
 ment made in the extreme northeastern portion of the 
 township. In the spring of 1827, Joel Tullis, with his 
 family of wife and one child came into the township April 
 26th, 1826, accompanied by William McKee his father-in- 
 law, whose farm in Rushville township was their point ot 
 departure. With McKee he spent the first year. He took 
 possession of the N. W. i of section 2, built his rude log 
 cabin, and began the toilsome life of the hardy pioneer. 
 He subsequently bought a tax title to the property, and 
 continued his residence there until 1847, when the country 
 becoming too thickly settled to suit him, he sold his home, 
 and with a family of wife and twelve children, in an ox- 
 wagon, he undertook an overland journey to Oregon, where 
 he arrived, after great suffering and the loss of six of his 
 children. He returned in 1851, and bought the farm upon 
 which he now resides, hale and hearty, and over eighty 
 years of age. Joel Tullis had the first distillery in the 
 township, upon the N. W. } of section 2, as early as 1833. 
 In the spring of 1827, Charles Hatfield and family made 
 their home on the S. \V. i of section 2, but subsequently re- 
 turned to their former home iu Bainbridge township, where 
 they had been living prior to making their home in Buena 
 Vista, and where they both now reside, upon the land, 
 which they first improved. For neighbors, Joel Tullis had 
 James Thompson, a single man, and John his brother, with 
 his wife and three children, who came with Tullis and 
 William McKee in a pirogue in 1826. They moved into 
 Buena Vista, shortly after Mr Tullis, and built a house on 
 the N. E. i of section one, which they purchased together, 
 December 4th, 1827. James subsequently sold his interest 
 to his brother John, moved into Littleton as one of the early 
 settlers, where he died. John died upon his home place, 
 and his widow became the wife of Randolph Rose, who was 
 one of the early settlers of Littleton. D< ury Sellers, a 
 native of Kentucky, with a large family, moved into this 
 settlement in the spring of 1828 and. bought the claim of 
 Charles Hatfield on the S. W. i of section 2, and afterwards
 
 336 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 moved into Littleton. Robert L. Dark, a son-in-law of Sel- 
 lers, and a wife and one child came with his father-in-law, 
 and resided in the same place, until he moved to the N. W- 
 i of section where he built a cabin and then went into the 
 north-eastern portion of Littleton. The year 1829 wit- 
 nessed the arrival of George Swan, William Owens, Lemuel 
 Sparks, Thomas Bronaugh and others. In the spring of 
 this year George Swan, with a large family, arrived from 
 Kentucky, and purchased the S. W. i of section 13, and 
 built his cabin and made a home, where he lived 
 until his death. He was followed in the fall from the same 
 state by his son-in-law, William Owens, who brought his 
 wife with him. They came on horseback and spent the 
 winter with him. The next summer they spent in Brooklyn, 
 and in the fall returned to Buena Vista and purchased the 
 N. W. i of section 24 from Samuel Horney, paying two hun- 
 dred dollars therefor. Mr. Owens died some years ago, and 
 his widow survives him, living upon the old home place. 
 Lemdel Sparks, a native of Maryland, arrived with his wife 
 and six children, from Indiana, on the 17th day of Septem- 
 ber, 1829, and purchased the improvements of Char'es Teas, 
 the N. W. J of section 25. He died some years ago, and 
 many of his children are now residents of the county. 
 With him came a young man named Ephraim Haines, who 
 died at his house. Thomas Bronaugh, a single man, ar- 
 rived from Kentucky in 1829 and made a home on the 
 N. W. } of section 4. Me was among the first teachers of 
 the county. Me moved into Littleton. In 1830, Hosea 
 Tullis, a brother of Joel, and John Boggs, arrived from 
 Ohio, built cabins in the Tullis neighborhood but returned 
 to Kentucky in less than a year, becoming alarmed by the 
 Indians. Both had families. 
 
 On the 31st day of May, 1827, John R. Skiles was mar- 
 ried to Eleanor Spohnamore, and at once took possession of 
 the N. W. i of section 14, upon which he built a cabin, and 
 made some improvement, but neglecting to purchase the 
 land he was ousted and moved into Browning, where he 
 now resides- Among the early settlers may be' mentioned 
 the Doyles, John McCreery, Robert McCreery, the Parrotts, 
 Moores, Henry Kirkham, the Hughes, Hales, Hares, Les- 
 ters, Kings, Snyders, Cunninghams, Coxes, Smiths and 
 Youngs. We have been compelled to mention the early 
 settlers briefly, for want of space, and for a fuller account of 
 the first settlers the reader is referred to the chapter on the 
 Pioneers. 
 
 The improvement of the first farm and the building of 
 the first house may be unquestionably accorded to Levin 
 Green. The first wedding was that of William Hobart 
 Taylor and Miss Elizabeth Spohnamore, which was celebra- 
 ted on the 27th day of November, 1825, at the residence or" 
 the bride's father, Philip Spahnamore. Rev. Levin Green 
 officiated and performed the ceremony. The whole neighbor- 
 hood was present. The bride was attired in a calico dress 
 and store shoes, and was bedecked with gay ribbons, a garb 
 seldom seen in those olden times. The groom had laid aside 
 his everyday clothes and wore a suit of home-made jeans. 
 After the ceromony, t'le guests sat down to a table spread 
 with wild turkey, venison and other game, corn bread, honey 
 
 and sassafras tea. The groom being a professor of religion 
 at the time, the old time fiddle was not present and the 
 merry dance was not indulged in. The first birth was a 
 little daughter born to Levin Green. The first death occur- 
 ring among the early settlers of the township, was that of a 
 little four-year-old son of Henry Green, Jr., in the summer 
 of 1827, and his body was buried on the northeast quarter of 
 section 20. This was the beginning of the first grave-yard. 
 While attending the funeral, the old white-headed grand- 
 father, Henry Green, Sr., who had been a soldier in the 
 Revolutionary war, selected a place, where he requested to 
 be buried, and his wishes were complied with, after his de- 
 cease, which occurred May 1st, 1835. 
 
 The inhabitants of the early settlements for many years sent 
 their children to the schools in the western edge of Rush- 
 ville township, they being very convenient, and no school- 
 house was built until 1828, when a small log building 
 was erected on the northwest quarter of section 1, in which 
 Robert Sexton was the first teacher for a short time ; but the 
 first that might be called a school was a session of six months, 
 commencing on the 10th day of May, 1825, in an old log- 
 cabin, on the northeast quarter of section 22. In May, 1825, 
 Levin Green came to the house of Col. Samuel Horney, with 
 the request that he would makehim a pair of shoes, as the 
 people were getting hungry for preaching, and stated that 
 he could not preach without them. The shoes were made, 
 and towards the close of the month the whole neighborhood 
 gathered in the humble cabin of the pioneer preacher and 
 listened to his rough, though eloquent appeal. Levin Green 
 was the pioneer preacher, and among those who preached in 
 early times were : Peter Cartwright, Asa West and James 
 Bankston. The first building ever erected in the township, 
 exclusively for church purposes, was a small frame building, 
 situated on the southeast quarter of section 15. It belonged 
 to the Methodist Episcopal congregation, was built about the 
 year 1832, and was known as Spark's Meeting House. Rev. 
 Henry Somers preached the first sermon in the building. 
 
 Levin Green was the first justice of the peace, his com- 
 mission being the first one issued after the organization of 
 the county. Drs. B. V. Teal, Crosset, James Blackburn and 
 Adams Dunlap were the first physicians in the county Joel 
 Tullis had the first mill as early as 1831. It was,at his home 
 on the northeast quarter of section 2, and was the old 
 fashioned tread-mill ; horses or oxen furnished the motive 
 ower. It was liberally patronized, being in constant use 
 by some of his neighbors. Col. Clark, an Englishman, 
 also had a horse-mill, the burrs being made of what were 
 known as '• nigger-head " rock, found on the prairie, on 
 the northeast quarter of section 17, as early as 1835. 
 John Green had a cotton gin at his house as early as 
 1827. The first steam grist mill in the township was built 
 by George C. Clark, in 1857, on the southeast quarter of 
 section 14. It was first a saw-mill, anS two run of burrs 
 were afterwards added With the site of ten acres, it was 
 valued at $6,000 It was burned in January, 1880. Another 
 mill was built just south of the site of the old one, by Alex- 
 ander Young, in the summer of 1880, at a cost of three 
 thousand dollars. It is provided with one three -foot burr-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 337 
 
 stone for grinding wheat, and one of like dimensions for 
 corn. Its capacity is fifteen barrels daily, and is kept al- 
 most constautly employed in grinding on the shares ; it 
 being strictly a custom mill. 
 
 A fine quarry of building stone was opened upon the 
 southwest quarter of section 13, on the farm of Joel Tullis, 
 about twenty years ago. The township is well supplied with 
 schools, which are in session six months in the year. The 
 buildings are all neat, comfortable frames, conveniently 
 located, and well attended. There are two churches iu the 
 township, the Methodist Episcopal, of which Rev. Lyon is 
 the pastor, and the Protestant Methodist supplied by Rev. 
 Bryden Mayall. Both buildings are frame. In 1880, the 
 population of the township was 1,728, and there were 162 
 improved farms within its boundaries. 
 
 The township has had the fallowing named representatives 
 
 in the board of supervisors, since township organization was 
 adopted in the county: In 1854, John Mitchelltree was elected 
 and filled the office two years; Thomas J. Wilson, in 1856, 
 two terms ; Simon Doyle, in 1858, three terms ; John L. 
 Moore in 1861, one term; John A. Young in 1862, one 
 terra ; Samuel S. Benson in 1863, one term ; Simon Doyle 
 in 1864, two terms ; John F. Davis in 1866, one term ; 
 Simon Doyle in 1867, one term ; G. B. Sharp in 1868, one 
 term ; Isaac Lindley In 1869, one term ; A. L. Noble in 
 1870, one term; Charles Ryan in 1871, one term; Simon 
 Doyle in 1872, one term; William R. McCreery in 1873, 
 one term ; John H. Tullis in 1874, one term ; John H, 
 Tullis in 1875, one term ; John N. Roach in 1876, one term 
 and Thomas Cunningham was elected in 1877, and has 
 been returned annually since, and was chairman of the 
 county board in 1881. 
 
 -*<^g$G£&^ 
 
 RIPLEY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 -t^r- 
 
 HE township of Ripley is the smallest iu 
 the county, and contains only about six 
 sections of land. It is very irregular 
 in form, the north and east boundaries 
 being described by the various mean- 
 derings of Crooked creek. It has the 
 honor of being the third settled territory 
 within the county. Its surface is very 
 much broken, and at some points near 
 Crooked creek rises to quite prominent bluffs. The soil 
 is light in color, and is principally composed of a clayey 
 loam, mixed in places with sand or fine gravel, and is spe- 
 cially adapted to the raising of wheat, and grazing. Prior 
 to the coming of the white man, it was thickly studded with 
 heavy timber of walnut, hard maple, oak, sycamore, and 
 other varieties Now fine farms #ud improvements are seen 
 on every hand. The wilderness has given way to civiliza- 
 tion, and is now the happy abode of man. Yet at this writ- 
 ing plenty of timber has been reserved for all the wants 
 and conveniences of its people. Schuyler county lies on the 
 northeast, Cooperstowu township on the south, and Missouri 
 township on the west. The natural drainage is unsurpassed, 
 as the surface is composed mainly of hills and valleys, and 
 with Crooked creek marking more than one-third of its 
 boundaries. Curry's branch, on West creek, enters in the 
 southwest of section thirty-one, flows north, and empties into 
 43 
 
 ~%+- 
 
 the Crooked in section thirty. Glasgow branch makes a 
 short cut through sections nineteen and thirty, and dis- 
 charges its waters into the Crooked a little above West 
 creek. The transportation facilities are very meagre, the 
 products of the township having to be hauled across the 
 country several miles to some shipping point. A few time? 
 during high water barges and flat-boats have navigated 
 Crooked creek as far as the town of Ripley, but this is not 
 of common occurrence. A railroad is sadly needed for the 
 convenience of the people of this part of the county, and 
 time may prove that such an enterprise will be beneficial, 
 even to the stockholders of a hard-hearted railroad corpo- 
 ration. The entire population, according to the official 
 census of 1880, was six hundred and forty-five, the oldest 
 resident then being Jacob Dennis, who was eighty years of 
 age. 
 
 FIRST SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The first to seek the solitudes of this portion of the county, 
 and to commence the onward movement toward civilization, 
 was the pioneer, Willis O'Neal, iu the summer of 1826. He 
 was born in Kentucky, in 1785, where he married and reared 
 several children. In 1824 he concluded to try his fortune 
 in the new state of Illinois. Accordingly he moved, with 
 his family, and first located near what is now Rushville, 
 within the present limits of Schuyler county, then an almost 
 uninhabited waste, and a part of Pike county. Mr. O'Neal
 
 38 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 remained here two years, when he crossed Crooked creek 
 and located in section thirty-three, just a little south of what 
 is now the village of Ripley, his improvement including a 
 part of the corporation of the town. His family then con- 
 sisted of a wife and seven children, Simon, Pierson, Owen> 
 Minerva, Amanda, Amelia A., and Polly. He, with the 
 help of his family, built a small log-cabin, sixteen by eight- 
 een feet in dimensions, sufficient for temporary wants. His 
 family being large, it was but a short time before he pro- 
 ceeded to construct a double log-house, which was a story 
 and a half high, and eighteen by thirty feet on the ground- 
 Jn order to raise such a building, he was obliged to procure 
 help from his nearest neighbors, who were then living near 
 the bluffs in Versailles. The Indians were plenty then, and 
 they also aided in the enterprise; that is, they did not do 
 much log-rolling, but helped to get away with a large portion 
 of the eatables and drinkables. Mrs O'Neal died in 1828, 
 two years after their settlement. Mr. O'Neal was married 
 again in 1829, to Hannah Hunt, from which union eight 
 children were born. The pioneer children are all dead- 
 Three of the children of the second marriage are residents 
 of the township. Mr. O'Neal died in 1869, and his wife 
 survived him but a few years. In an early day he was an 
 important factor in the political affairs of the county, and 
 was always considered one of the staunch citizens of the 
 community in which he lived. A small accession was made 
 to this settlement in 1828, among whom was Peter F. De- 
 counter, a native of France, and who had been an old sea- 
 captain. He had come here with his family from tbeHBtate 
 of Missouri, and located in the same section of land — thirty- 
 three — as O'Neal. At this time he was living with his third 
 wife, and had a large family of children. He was always a 
 welcome visitor to the homes of his few neighbors, and espe- 
 cially a favorite with the children, as the wonderful tales of 
 his life at sea were an oasis in the desert, to the hum-drum 
 life of the secluded average pioneer boy. Mr. Decounter 
 resided here until his death, which occurred atcut 1853. 
 Mrs. D also died here. The family are now scattered in 
 various parts of the earth. Bat one is now living in this 
 part of the country, Samuel F., who resides in Schuyler 
 county. "William Wilsie came soon after the above, and 
 settled in section thirty-two. He remained but a short time, 
 when he moved with his family to Arkansas. Jesse Jones 
 came from Kentucky, and settled in section thirty-three 
 late in 1829. The family consisted of his wife and eight 
 children, three sons and five daughters. He remained here 
 until his death, which occurred but a few years after his 
 coming. But one of the family is now a resident of the 
 county, the widow of Thomas Garrett, who lives a little 
 southeast of Mt- Sterling. 
 
 An immigrant of 1834 was John Rush and family. They 
 came from Ohio, in 1831, and first settled in Cooperstown, 
 and in 1834 moved to Ripley and located in section thirty- 
 two, on the land now owned by Isaiah Lanning. About 
 1845 he moved with his family to the state of Iowa, where 
 it is said he is yet living. Fielding T. Glenn came to this 
 township from Cooperstown about the same time as the above, 
 and afterward married a daughter of Mr. O'Neal ; but as his 
 
 father's family settled in Cooperstown, a more complete his- 
 tory of Mr. Glenn will be found in the Cooperstown chapter- 
 "Wm Clark Hardin was a native of Kentucky, and came to 
 this state a single man in 1832, and stopped near Ripley. 
 He subsequently taught school in Schuyler county, in the 
 neighborhood of Sugar creek. In 1834 he married Amanda 
 M. Glenn, and located just over the line from Ripley, in 
 Cooperstown township. After the town of Ripley was laid 
 out, he moved to the village, where he has resided princi- 
 pally to this time. He and his wife are both living, and are 
 among the oldest citizens of Ripley. But one child was born 
 to them, a son, William H., who is also a resident of the 
 town. 
 
 One of the most prominent of the early settlers was John 
 N. Ebey. He was born in Huntingdon county, Pennsylva- 
 nia, and migrated to Ohio when he was a young man. While 
 here he married Rebecca Brunk. In 1828, he moved to Il- 
 linois and settled in Sangamon county, where he remained 
 until 1832. He then moved to Scott county, and two years 
 later came to Ripley. He was a potter by trade, and while 
 hauling his wares from his place in Scott county to Rushville, 
 he chanced to stay over night with the pioneer, O'Neal. 
 During the conversation in the evening, which related to his 
 calling, the manner of manufacture, and the kind of clay 
 necessary to the same, some one present stated that he had 
 discovered from a tree turned up by the roots in the neigh- 
 borhood, a clay that fairly answered the description given by 
 Mr. Ebey. On the following day Mr. E. was taken to the 
 place mentioned, and, on investigating it, was found to be a 
 superior quality of potters' clay. Mr. Ebey returned home, 
 and immediately commenced preparations to remove to Rip- 
 ley, which was effected the same year, 1836. A shop and 
 kiln were soon erected, and the first, pottery manufactured 
 in the town was taken from thejdln late of the same year. 
 This was the starting point that has made this towu so fa- 
 mous as one of the most extensive manufacturing towns of 
 pottery in the west. 
 
 When Mr. Ebey moved here his family consisted of his 
 wife and four children, L. C, Mariah J., George W., and 
 John V. Several children were afterwards born to the fami- 
 ly. He was a public-spirited man, and did much to build up 
 the town. It was he and Mr. F. T. Glenn who laid out the 
 town, and who, a little less than fifty years ago, were the ac- 
 tive, driving men of the yet little village of Ripley. In 
 1855. Mr. Ebey moved back to Scott county, and from thence 
 he went to Green county, where his wife died in 1873. He 
 is yet living with some of his children in various parts of 
 the state, having no fixed abiding place since the death of 
 his wife. He yet relates to his grand-children some of his 
 experiences of early days. Oue, among his anecdotes is the 
 narrow escape he had from a large panther while living at 
 Ripley. A little east of the town there was what was called 
 a " salt lick," where the deer were in the habit of congre- 
 gating for the purpose of licking the ground, the water ooz- 
 ing from the hillside being of a brackish character. The 
 hunters would station themselves here on moonlight nights 
 to get a " crack " at the deer as they came in. Mr. Ebey 
 was secreted at this point one night, waiting for a deer to
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 339 
 
 heave in sight, and was soon rewarded with the approach of 
 a fine buck making for the " lick." The tempting game was 
 within easy rifle shot, when Mr. E. prepared to fire. He 
 supposed he was the only hunter for this kind of game in all 
 that solitude. But he had reckoned wrougly, for just as he 
 had brought his rifle to his shoulder, a peculiar noise attract- 
 ed his attention just over his head. A quick glance dis- 
 covered a huge panther springing from a tree above him, 
 and about to alight upon his person. Quick as thought he 
 intuitively bent down, and forward, and the animal passed 
 over his head, but in such close proximity that his hat was 
 carried away by the panther. Scared nearly out of his 
 wits, he dropped his gun and ran for home. It was not un- 
 til the next day that he recovered his hat and gun. The 
 panther did not follow him, but probably contented himself 
 by making a supper of the deer if opportunity presented it- 
 self. It is said by the early hunters that the deer in those 
 days were nearly all more or less scarred from the attacks of 
 their formidable enemy, the panther. Another early settler 
 was George Clark, who came from Indiana in 1834, and set- 
 tled in section 34. He had a wife and six children, three 
 sons and three daughters. He remained here until his death, 
 which occurred about the year 1863. HU widow survives 
 him. She and one daughter, widow of James Warren, yet 
 reside in Ripley. Mrs. Nancy Burke, a sister of Clark ; 
 came here from Indiana about two years after'her brother, 
 and for about a year she, with her two sons, lived in the 
 house with him. She afterwards located in section 33, where 
 she lived for several years, when she moved to Pike county. 
 One son, George J., resides in Ripley. Among other old 
 and prominent citizens are, L. D. Stoffer, A. E Martin, I- 
 N. Stout, N. S. Hetrick, I. E. Stoffer, Olie Smith, Homer 
 H. Keith, John Friday, Frank Effort, W. H. Glenn, and 
 others. 
 
 The first land entries were made several years prior to any 
 settlement, and by parties who never saw the land or made 
 subsequent settlements. Of the first four the records show 
 as follows : Entered by James Monroe the S. W. i of section 
 7, September 20, 1818. Prior to this date, we find that some 
 time in 1815, Benjamin Tucker granted to Thomas Rice the 
 N; W. i of section 18. Again, James Monroe grants to 
 John Marvin, on the 8th of November, 1817, the S. W. i 
 of section 19. Two days later, the same grantor grants the 
 N. \V. } of section 19 to James Campbell. As is well known, 
 this portion of the State is a military tract, and these grants 
 were made in accordance with an Act of Congress, donating 
 lands to those who had served in the war of 1812. For 
 many years the land was of little value, and was traded to 
 other parties for a mere trifle as a consideration. 
 
 As already stated, the first land tilled, and the first timber 
 felled in this township, was by the pioneer, Willis O'Neal, 
 on section 33, in the summer of 1826. The first child born 
 here was a son of his, and was born late in the fall of 1826, 
 or ejirly in 1827. He was named Willis, Jr. He lived to 
 s-erve his country in the late war, where he died. He was 
 buried in St. Louis, but was afterwards exhumed and brought 
 to Ripley, where the remains now lie. The first buried in 
 ibis cemetery was a child of Mr. Blankenship, who lived 
 
 just over the township line in Cooperstown. This was early 
 in 1828. The first death within the boundaries of the town- 
 ship, was the wife of Willis O'Neal, and occurred in 1828, 
 and was the second interment made in the cemetery. The 
 first marriage ceremony was performed by John Logan, a 
 local preacher, on the 2d day of August, 1829. The con- 
 tracting parties were Willis O'Neal and Harriet Hunt, the 
 history of whom has already been given. They now lie side 
 by side in the old Ripley burial ground. This cemetery is 
 situated in the southern part of the corporation, and con- 
 tains about one and a half acres. It is well kept and cared 
 for by the people of the town. The first school was taught 
 in 1837, by Milo Henry. The school-house was a small log 
 building, and situated about a hundred yards west from where 
 the present school-house stands. It was utilized for school 
 purposes until about 1850, when it was torn down, and the 
 logs consumed in burning pottery ware. The first preaching 
 was by the Baptist persuasion, about 1831. The Reverends 
 Ray and Crow were among the first to officiate, and the 
 services were held at the house of Mr. O Neal. The first 
 church building was erected about 1847, by the Christian 
 denomination. It i3 a plain frame house, and is situated in 
 the western part of the town of Ripley. The first justice of 
 the peace was Willis O'Neal, and the second was Milo Henry. 
 O'Neal was appointed as early as 1830. Dr. Teal, of Rush- 
 ville, was the first to attend to the wants of the sick in this 
 part of the country. Dr. Isaac Vandeventer, from Ver- 
 sailles, was also among the first. The first resident physi- 
 cian was Dr. Town. He located here about 1843, but 
 moved to Havana, on the Illinois river, in a few years. The 
 first post-office was established in the spring of 1837, with 
 Milo Henry as postmaster. The mail was distributed at his 
 house, which was a sort of pioneer hotel. The first black- 
 smithing was done by a man by the name of Hovey. He 
 remained but a short time, selling out his shop to William 
 S. Ishmael. The shop was a temporary affair, and situated 
 on the north side of the square. It was torn away and a 
 better one erected in its place. A ferry was established at 
 Ripley by Allen Alexander in 1832, and the crossing was 
 made just below the present. bridge. A close observer, even 
 to this day, may yet see the worn way leading to that p jiut 
 from the town above. Within the knowledge of the living, 
 or of those now dead, commencing with Mr. O Neal, there 
 was no bridge or ferry crossing the creek at this point prior 
 to 1830. Emigrants crossed here, if on foot or horseback. 
 The passage was made by a canoe or " dug-out," and a horse- 
 man led his animal by the side of the canoe. Yet, when 
 Mr. O'Neal located here, in 1826, — not a white man within 
 miles — there were plainly + ,o be seen the remnants of a bridge 
 a little above the present bridge. The abutments were there, 
 and when the water was low, a bent could be discovered in 
 the middle of the creek swashing in the current above the 
 surface of the water. By whom built, or when, and for what 
 purpose, none of the pioneers ever knew. A bridge was coi.- 
 structed across the stream in 1830, but in the spiing of the 
 deep snow it was washed away. Three other bridges have bet n 
 thrown across the creek since the one of 1830, but have not 
 been sufficient tc withstand the floods. The present bridge
 
 340 
 
 HISTORY OF SCJIUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 was finished iu 1853, and to date has bid defiance to high 
 water. It is an excellent structure, is covered, and bids fair 
 to stand for many years yet to come. 
 
 Supervisors. — The following are the names of those who 
 have served on the county board since township organi- 
 zation : First term, 1S54, John N. Ebey ; William H. Glenn 
 was elected in 1855, and served two terms ; William O'Neal, 
 elected in 185 7, and served one term ; B. C. Vincent, elected 
 in 1858 ; William H. Glenn, re-elected in 1859 ; A E- Mar- 
 tin, elected in 1860, and served until 1869; William H. 
 Glenn, reelected in 1869, and served two terms; A. E. 
 Martin, re-elected in 1872, and served two terms; William 
 H. Glenn, re-elected, and served for the year of 1875 ; R 
 R. Randall, elected in 1876, and served two terms ; A. 
 E. Martin, re-elected in 1878, and served two terms ; the 
 latter year, 1879, was chosen chairman of the board ; R. R 
 Randall, re-elected in 1880, served one term ; William A. 
 Canada, elected in 1881 ; Charles W. Keith, elected in 1882, 
 and is the present incumbent- 
 
 TOWS OF RIPLEY. 
 
 The town was laid off by John X. Ebey and Fielding T. 
 Glenn, and placed on record the 3d of September, 1836, being 
 a part of the northwest quarter of section 33. Allen Persinger 
 was the surveyor. It was originally named Centerville, from 
 the fact that it lay near the geographical center of Schuyler 
 county, of which this was then a part. It was laid oat 
 with a commodious square, the projectors believing that 
 some future day it would becDme the capital of the county. 
 And so it probably would, if the couuty had not been di- 
 vided in 1839, creating a new county from the south half. 
 Instead, therefore, of containing a population of thousands, 
 it has but about five hundred. The name was changed 
 to Ripley in honor of General Ripley, a gallant soldier of ! 
 the war of 1812. It is probable that it would have re- 
 tained its former name if there had not been another town j 
 and post-office in the state of the same name. The first \ 
 house built within what is now the corporation of Ripley 
 was in 1834, and constructed by Fielding T. Glenn. It , 
 was a rough log cabin 16x18 feet, puncheon floor, and 
 contained one door and one window. It was built for a 
 dwelling, and was situated on the top of the hill, in the 
 middle of the street leading to the bridge. It remained 
 here only about three years, when it was taken down and 
 moved to Logan's creek iu Cooperstown township. John N. 
 Ebey sold the first goods in the fall of 1838. His store- 
 room was a small, temporary frame building, aad was lo 
 rated on the north side of the square. The first hotel was 
 built by Milo Henry in 1 836, just after the town was laid 
 out It was a hewed log house, weather-boarded, one and a 
 half stories in height It was built upon the north side of 
 the square ; it is yet standing, and is in a good state of pre- 
 servation. The first lot sold was bid off by Asa Benton, and 
 brought $50. 
 
 Incorporation. — A meeting was called pursuant to notice, 
 at the business house of Glenn & Ingles, on the 13th of 
 February, 1865, for the purpose of incorporation. S. R 
 Glenn acted as both president and clerk of the meeting. 
 
 Thirty-three votes were cast, all in favor of incorporating. 
 An election for officers was held the 25th of February, 
 1 865, when the following named persons were elected mem- 
 bers of the board of trustees : Samuel R Glenn, William 
 Cleveland, B. C Vincent, A. E Martin and C. W. Keith. 
 At the first meeting of the board, Samuel R. Glenn was 
 chosen chairman, and A. E. Martin clerk pro tern. The 
 limits of the corporation were defined as follows: Com- 
 mencing at the northwest corner of section 33, town 1 
 north, range 2 west ; thence south 220 rods, thence east 
 160 rods, thence north 60 rods, thence east to section line 
 dividing sections 33 and 34, thence north to Crooked creek, 
 thence up the creek to section line of sections 28 and 29, 
 thence south to place of beginning. The present officers 
 are: C. W. Keith, President; Mathias Staffer, W. C. Bas- 
 selt, N. S Hetrick, Henry Taylor and B. T. Stofer ; Village 
 Clerk, Edgar A. Martin ; Police Magistrate, B. C. Vincent ; 
 Marshal, W. W. H. Westbrook. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS, ETC 
 
 The principal industry of the town is the manufacture of 
 pottery. Excellent clay beds are in the vicinity, and thus 
 the town has been enabled to make this one of the principal 
 pottery manufacturing points in the West. Not less than 
 1,000,000 gallons of various kinds of ware are shipped an- 
 nually. A railroad is sadly needed to give full develop- 
 ment to this industry. The most extensive manufacturer is 
 L D. Stofer. He has two shops and two kilns, and manu- 
 factures about 250,000 gallons of ware annually, and gives 
 employment to 25 men. There are eight shops in active 
 operation at this time. F. M. Stout & Son employ about 
 20 men ; Harvey Irwin has 7 employees ; Stofer & Leach, the 
 same number; W. A Canada employs 6 hands; Dennis & 
 Elett, 5 men : E Warren employs 6 men, but is suspended 
 at this time ; Crawford & Sons employ 3 men. B C. Vin- 
 cent, one of the oldest potters in the town, has suspended 
 his works for a time. There are two or three other shops 
 that are not in operation, but may be again revived. There 
 have been as many as 13 shops in active operation at the 
 same time. The town is literally paved with broken crock- 
 ery ware. A stranger is particulary struck with the quaint 
 appearance of many things in this town of jugs. 
 
 Ripley Steam and Flouring Mill. — This mill was first built 
 for a clay crusher by MeNeal k Shields in the winter of 
 1872-'73, and was transformed into a grist mill by McNeal 
 & Randall in 1S76. It is a frame, three stories high, and 
 situated iu the east part of town, not far from the square. 
 It has two run of stone, one for wheat and one for corn, 
 with a capacity of grinding 39 barrels of flour, and 100 
 bushels of meal in twenty-four hours. A saw-mill has been 
 attached and is run when custom demands. The capital in- 
 vested is upwards of $3,000. Mr. R. R. Randall has the 
 entire supervision and control of the industry. 
 
 Coal Mining. — Within a mi"e and a half of town are four 
 coal mines in operation, and are owned and conducted by 
 the following parties: Jerry O'Neal, T. F. Lea is, James 
 Moody, and C. McKee. The mines are worked by drifting 
 into the bluff. The coal is found from ten to thirty feet be-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 341 
 
 low the surface, and the vein will average about 30 inches 
 in thickness. The mines are meagerly worked, only suffi- 
 cient to supply home demand. The village contains three 
 churches, Methodist, Christian, and Advent. All are com- 
 fortable houses of worship. A fine school-house adorns the 
 southern part of the town. It was built about six years ago, 
 and is furnished with all the conveniences for a village 
 school. It contains three rooms, and is thus partially graded, 
 employing two teachers. The maximum attendance is about 
 130 pupils. The cost of the building, seating, etc., was 
 3,000. The town also has at this time the following busi- 
 ness: 
 
 General Stores.— F. M. Stout & Son, L. D. Stoffer. 
 
 Groceries — A. E. Martin. 
 
 Druggist and Pharmacist. — Millen & Price. 
 
 Physicians — G. M. and E. H. B. Mills, W. F. Millen, 
 Hiram Bowman. 
 
 Hotel. — Randall House, B. T. Stofer, proprietor. 
 
 Postmaster. — A. E. Martin. 
 
 Shoe Maker. — James Patterson. 
 
 Dress Makers- — Mrs. May E Scott, Mrs. Lydia James, 
 Mrs. Laura O'Neal. 
 
 Artist. — John M. Stout, crayon portraits and oil landscape 
 views. He is the only deaf mute artist in the state. 
 
 Insurance Agent. — C. W. Keith. 
 
 Carpenter. — Mathias Paris. 
 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 Sincerity Lodge, No. 458, I. O. O. F., was chartered the 
 11th of September, 1872, with five charter members. The 
 present membership is eighteen. The whole number en- 
 rolled, forty-five. The Lodge meets in Staffer's Hall ev^ry 
 Saturday evening in each week. It is in good condition, 
 financially, being out of debt, and money in the treasury. 
 
 "wmMB»fr™ — 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 ADAM E. MARTIN. 
 
 Adam E. Martin, merchant and postmaster at Ripley, 
 is a native of Stark county, Ohio, and wa3 born on the 
 20th of March, 1832. On his father's side his ancestors were 
 of Irish descent, and on his mother's German. His father, 
 John Martin, and his mother, Catharine Lutz, were both born 
 and raised in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. In the year 
 1832 his parents moved from Pennsylvania to Stark county, 
 Ohio, where both subsequently died. Adam E. was the 
 youngest of a family of nine children. He was only three 
 years old when his father died. He lived in Stark county 
 till about fourteen years of age when his mother moved with 
 the family to Summit county, Ohio. In the schools of the 
 latter county, and in Mt. Union college he obtained his edu- 
 cation ; after working a few months at the tinner's trade he 
 became clerk in a store at New Franklin, Stark county, 
 Ohio. At Mogadore, Summit county, Ohio, he learned the 
 potter's trade. In the year 1852 he came to Illinois, reach- 
 ing Ripley in October, of which place he has since been a 
 resident. After working at the potter's trade about twelve 
 years he became clerk in a store. In 1872 he began the 
 mercantile business for himself, at first in partnership 'with 
 Capt. Isaac McNiel and afterwards with W. A. Canada. 
 Since 1876 he has carried on the business by himself. He 
 
 was married in 1855 to Amanda O'Niel, a native of Brown 
 county and a daughter of S. P. O'Niel. There have been 
 seven children by this marriage. Four are now living : 
 Edgar, now twenty-one years old ; John L. now fifteen 
 years of age ; Katie, nine years old ; and Delia aged six. 
 Three are dead, William B. who died at the age of twenty 
 mouths ; Clara when a year old, and Freddie at the age of 
 four years. Another adopted child is a member of Mr. 
 Martin's family. 
 
 He was raised an abolitionist, and in his boyhood his senti- 
 ments were strongly opposed to slavery. When the Free 
 Soil movement started it had his sympathies, and he was olo 
 of the few men in Brown county who in 1856 supported 
 Fremont, the first Republican nominee, for president. He 
 wrote the call for the first Republican convention held in 
 Brown county, and has since been one of the active Republi- 
 cans of the county. He was elected assessor of Ripley 
 township in 1855. He was afterwards elected supervisor, 
 and altogether has represented Ripley township on the 
 board of supervisors for years. He made a good record as a 
 supervisor, and though a Republican in politics, while a 
 majority of the members were Democrats, was elected chair- 
 man of the board. He has been clerk and collector of 
 taxes of the township of Ripley. For ten years he has filled 
 the office of postmaster at Ripley.
 
 342 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 HIRAM BOWMAN, M. D. 
 This gentleman, who has been engaged in the practice of 
 medicine in Brown county since 1869, is a native of Ve- 
 nango county, Pennsylvania, and was born on the 11th of 
 June, 1819. His father, Alexander Bowman, was born in 
 Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. His mother's maiden 
 name was Murray. Dr. Bowman was raised in Venango 
 county; he was married in 1840 to Eleanor L. Singleton; 
 in 1844 he relnoved to Crawford county, Ohio ; his wife 
 died in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1851 ; in .1852 he came to 
 Illinois, and for some time was engaged in farming in Bu- 
 reau county ; the same year occurred his marriage to Han- 
 nah E. Puller, who died in 1855 ; in 1856 he became a 
 resident of Cass- county, Missouri, where he entered land 
 and improved a farm ; in 1861 he removed to Camp Point, 
 in Adams county, of this state, and the following year to 
 Rushville, where in 1866 he began the practice of medicine, 
 he had begun the study of medicine some years before in 
 Ohio, but had never engaged in active practice ; he attended 
 lectures at the Eclectic Medical College of St. Louis, from 
 which he graduated in January, 1876. His present wife, 
 whose name was formerly Emma Robbins, he married in 
 Woodstock township, Schuyler county in 1866 ; she was the 
 daughter of Garret W. Robbins, an early settler of Schuy- 
 ler county ; her mother was Elizabeth Thompson. Since 
 1869, Dr. Bowman has been engaged in the practice of his 
 profession in Ripley township. He has two children by 
 his first marriage ; Theresa, the wife of J. H. Harwood of 
 Waco, Texas, and Alexander Bowman, who is now prac- 
 ticing dentUtry iu Cooper county, Missouri. He is inde- 
 
 pendent in his political views, and votes for the candidate 
 whom he considers best qualified for the office. He is a 
 member of the church of the Abrahamic Faith, of which 
 there is a society at Ripley. 
 
 CHARLES W. KEITH, 
 The present member of the Board of Supervisors from Rip- 
 ley township, was born in Harrison county, Indiana, on the 
 18th of August, 1828. When he was six years old his 
 parents moved to Vigo county, Indiana, where the family 
 lived till he was fourteen years old, and then came to Cum- 
 berland county, in this state, and afterwards removed to 
 Floyd county, Indiana. On the 8th of April, 1847, he there 
 married Amanda Haukins, who was born in Floyd county, 
 Indiana. In the year 1849, he came to Ripley, in this coun- 
 ty, where he has since lived. In early life he had learned 
 the trade of a plasterer, but when he came to Ripley ^engaged 
 in the pottery business, and for about twenty years con. 
 ducted a pottery establishment of his own. He has seven 
 children. Elizabeth, the oldest, married John T. Roberts, 
 and now lives at Fort Scott, Kansas. The others-are, Frank 
 W., Homer H, Abraham L., Julia, Ella, and Eva. He was 
 a member of the Whig party till its dissolution, and has 
 since been a Republican. He has filled nearly every office 
 in Ripley township, and is now president of the board of 
 trustees of the town of Ripley. He was elected a member of 
 the board of supervisors in 1882. He was elected a Ju.-t'c3 
 of the Peace in 1668, and has filled the office ever since, have 
 ing been elected three times. 
 
 •^^^^S^3^^' 
 
 CAMDEN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 -Hi- 
 
 -V+- 
 
 ,Nthe early fall of 1829, three hardy and 
 venturesome men, crossed the Illinois river 
 at Beard's ferry, and with guns upon their 
 shoulders, turned their course westward, 
 following an Indian trail from Rushville, 
 then a small village, and crossed a stream 
 of water on a fallen log, in search of new 
 homes to which they could bring their 
 - £ wives and little ones. At a distance of 
 
 fourteen miles • west of Rushville, they 
 found a hill in the form of a perfect dome, and from this 
 
 point, they selected their future homes, staked off their land, 
 retraced their footsteps to Rushville, aud thence returned to 
 their families in Morgan county. These men were, John 
 and Robert Brown, brothers, and Luke Allphin, a brother- 
 in-law of John Brown-. From the entry of these sturdy 
 pioneers, begins the history of what is now Camden town- 
 ship. It is one of the southern range of townships of 
 Schuyler county, and is bounded on the north by Brooklyn 
 township, on the east by Buena Vista, on the south by 
 Brown county, and on the west by Huutsville. In form, ' 
 it is a perfect square, and contains thirty-six full sections,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 343 
 
 and is Congressional township two north, range three west 
 of the fourth principal meridian. Originally this township 
 was covered with a heavy growth of timber, especially 
 along the streams, while, here and there, were scattered 
 small prairies covered with tall grass. The surface is gently 
 undulating, save along Crooked creek, where it is very 
 much broken, with rich bottom land upon either side of 
 the streams. The soil is rich and productive, and well 
 adapted to agriculture. It is well watered, Crooked creek 
 entering it in the northeast corner of section five, and in 
 its serpentine course intersecting sections four, eight, nine, 
 ten, e'even, thirteen, fourteen, twenty-three, twenty-four, 
 twenty-five, and passing through section thirty-six, into 
 Brown county, furnishing an excellent range for stock, 
 besides abundant water supply, mill sites and drainage 
 facilities. Little Missouri creek also flows across the south- 
 ern part of the township, and receives many small tributa- 
 ries. Cedar creek enters the township from the west. Spring 
 branch from the north, and Brush creek and Stony branch 
 from the east, and all pour their waters into Crooked creek. 
 Believing that the first land entries will prove interesting 
 to the present as well as future generations, we append a 
 few, all being patents granted to soldiers for services in the 
 war of 1812. The first patent was issued to Elihu Stivers, 
 Oct 6, 1817, for the S. E. quarter of action 13 ; to William 
 Gray, for the N. E. quarter of section 27, November 21) 
 
 1817 ; to James C. Young for the N. W. quarter of section 
 20; a patent^for S. E. quarter of section 6, February 18, 
 
 1818 ; Wijliam Bowden for N. E quarter of section 7, Mar. 
 5,1818; and to J. Bauhy for N. W. of section 24. 
 The township took its name, at the adoption of township or- 
 ganization, from the village of the same name. 
 
 The three pioneers, who had selected locations in the wild- 
 erness, returned to Morgan county, and made preparations 
 for removal to their new homes. John Brown was a native 
 of Grant county, Kentucky, where he grew to manhood and 
 married Miss Sarah Points, and in 1825 left Kentucky and, 
 with a wife and two children came to Morgan county, where 
 he resided until the early spring of 1830. Iu the last men- 
 tioned year, he loaded his household goods, and with his 
 wife and children, Lucy and Thomas B., started on h.13 jour- 
 ney, behind his patient ox team. Arriving at his proposed 
 home, he built a comfortable cabin of hewed logs, covering 
 it with clapboards, which were held to their places with 
 pole weights. He settled on the northeast quarter of sec- 
 tion 20; where he died, January 10, 1871, aged 84 years, 
 leaving several children, and his aged widow who still sur- 
 vives, and lives with her daughter, Mrs. Goodwin West, 
 near Camden. With John Brown came his brother Robert 
 and family, and settled on the southwest quarter of section 
 17, first squatting and afterwards purchasing the land. Here 
 he spent the remainder of his days. The third member of 
 this little band, was Luke Allphin, also a native of Ken- 
 tucky. His mode of conveyance was like that of his com- 
 panions, with whom he started from Morgan county. He 
 brought with him a wife and children, Zebedee, and Jane. 
 He settled on the southeast quarter of section 17 ; building 
 a cabin and making improvements. Tiring of the rapidly 
 
 increasing population, he migrated to California. The deep 
 s'now commencing on the 8th day of December, 1830, caused 
 much suffering to the Browns and Allphins, as they did not 
 have sufficient time to raise a crop after their arrival, and 
 what they did raise was devoured by the crows and prairie 
 chickens which would surround and even enter the house 
 in flocks. Their stock of corn was soon exhausted, and to 
 sustain life it was necessary "for John and Robert Brown to 
 go to Rushville for a new supply. During^ their absence 
 Mrs. John Brown, kept her calves from starving by feediug 
 them with straw from the beds ; and when the Browns re- 
 turned with the corn, it had to be ground upon a hand mill, 
 before they could satisfy their hunger. For seveial years 
 their most convenient mill was at Quincy. 
 
 Following these early settlers came Ephraim Eggleston of 
 Ohio, who had been living in the county since 1823, bring- 
 ing his wife and children, and settling on the southwest 
 quarter of section 15, where he erected his cabin and spent 
 his life in toil. The number of these early settlers was far- 
 ther augmented by the arrival in the fall of 1831 , of Thomas 
 J. Chapman a native of Kentucky, and a brother-in-law of 
 John Brown, who had come from his native state with the 
 Browns when they came to- Morgan county. He arrived 
 in an ox wagon with his wife, and James, Thomas and 
 Sarah, his children, and settled on the southeast quarter of 
 section 30, building a cabin as usual. He left the county 
 many years ago and went to Iowa. In 1833, Ephraim 
 Owens located on the southwest quarter of section 24, with a 
 wife and family of grown children. Ira Owens and family 
 made a home on the southeast of section 26, and Heusen 
 Marlow, from Indiana, with his wife and children, Agnes 
 and Richard, built his cabin on the southwest quarter of sec- 
 tion 22. Jesse Plunkett, with his wife, came from Kentucky 
 in a one horse wagon, and settled the northeast quarter of 
 section 30. The arrivals in 1835, consisted of the families 
 of Robert Points, on the northwest quarter of section 5, where 
 he started a saloon, and Drury B. Davis from Kentucky, 
 on the northwest quarter of section 22. Wm. Allphin from 
 Indiana, arrived in an ox wagon after a journey of fourteen 
 days, bringing his wife and children, Green, Luke P., 
 Thomas, Jackson, Marion, America and Margaret, and set- 
 tled on the northeast quarter of 21. Among the old settlers 
 were Abel Whiteman who made his home on the southeast 
 quarter of section 21, in 1837 ; Isaac Cady, who bought the 
 improvement on th6 northwest quarter of section 19, and his 
 eldest son, Isaac G., at the same time selected the southwest 
 quarter of section 20, in 1835 Benjamin West took posses- 
 sion of the southwest of 26, and his brother, Willison West, 
 the northeast of 35, iu 1834, both having families. Baalaiu 
 Busby and family, came from Kentucky in 1833, and made 
 an improvement on the southwest quarter of section 26. 
 Two brothers, named Clark, both men with families, came 
 to the township iu 1834, from Kentucky. Harrison Clark 
 entered the S. E. of section 36, and William Clark the. S. 
 W. of section 36. Among the early settlers may be men- 
 tioned Philander Avery, Robert Brooks, Adam S., and John 
 Corrie, M. M. Cleek, Jolin L. Callison.Geo. L. Gray, Robt. 
 G. McHatton, R. B. Stubblefield, B. F. Taggart, the Wells
 
 344 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 family, Joseph N. Ward, all of whom by their industry have 
 made the township one of the wealthiest and most prosper- 
 ous in the county. 
 
 The first birth in the township was that of William Egg- 
 leston. The first death was that of a little child of a pioneer 
 named Raphael Wilson, who rented the house on the north- 
 east quarter of section 19, where burial took place. 
 
 The first cemetery was located on the southwest quarter 
 of section 17, 1834, and the first burial in it was that of a 
 little boy of Robert Brown's. The first school-house was 
 built in 1836, a rude log cabin on the southwest quarter of 
 section 18; and the first session of school was taught in the 
 summer of 1836, by John Thornhill. The first sermon was 
 preached at the house of John Brown in the winter of 1833, 
 by Rev. Paten, a Methodist. Drury B. Davis or Balaam 
 Busby was the first justiceof the peace, aud Dr. Samuel Clark- 
 son was the first physician. Besides the churches in Cam- 
 den the United Brethren have a neat edifice known as Union 
 Chapel, Rev. Cisely, pastor. The first bridge built in 
 Camden towu.'hip was the one across Crooked creek on the 
 Rushville road at an early day. The roads of the present 
 day are in a good and passable condition, and the water 
 courses are spanned in many places with substantial bridges, 
 making all points accessible and convenient. The educa- 
 tional interest of the township are carefully fostered, and in 
 the eight white frame school buildings may be found the 
 youth of the land, six months of each year. The first attempt 
 to build a mill in the township was made by John Taggart, 
 who came to the township with his father-in-law, Wolber- 
 ton and their families in 1833 and located on the S. W. k 
 of section 26, commenced building a dam and subsequently 
 erected a two-story frame mill, but before they succeeded in 
 getting it into operation they were evicted by the owner of 
 the laud, and the mill was allowed to go to ruin. Being^a 
 man of considerable determination he applied to the county 
 authorities for permission to construct a dam, not to exceed 
 nine feet in height, across Crooked creek, on the S. W. i of 
 section 11, where he and his family and his father-in-law 
 moved. He was successful in his application, and permission 
 was granted William McKee and Thomas Taggart, on the 
 8th of December, 1835. Work was at once begun, and early 
 in 1836, the mill was put into operation, and served the sur- 
 rounding country for many years. Wolberton moved away, 
 but Taggart died in the township. There are now three 
 saw mills in operation in the township : John Pickenpaugh 
 on S. E. \ of section 4 ; Lewis Craycraft on N. W. } of sec- 
 tion 32 ; and Jacob Chapman. The township has been repre- 
 sented in the Board of supervisors by the following named 
 gentleman : I. G. Cady, elected in 1854 and served one term ; 
 Luke P. Allphin, elected in 1855, and served six years in 
 succession ; John M. Campbell, elected in 1862, and 
 served one term; Cyrus Morrell, elected in 1863 and 
 served one year ; Isaac G- Cady, re-elected in 1864-5 ; 
 Abner Murphy, elected in 1866 ; Arthur L. Wells, in 1867, 
 one year ; E. L. Fuller in 186S-9 ; Eli Unger in 1870; Phil- 
 ander Avery, 1871 and twice re-elected ; George E. Harvey 
 in 1874; James N. Rigg, in 1875-6 ; Philander Avery, in 
 1877-8; James N. Rigg in 1879; M. M. Gleek in 18s0; 
 
 and Philander Avery in 1881, and was re-elected in 1882, 
 and is the present incumbent The census of 1880 credits 
 this township with 130 farms and 1112 inhabitants. 
 
 THE VILLIAGE OF CAMDEN. 
 
 This pleasant little village is situated on the southwest 
 quarter of section 17, and was laid out by Robert Brown 
 and Joseph N. Ward, January 28th, 1831, and surveyed 
 and platted by Samuel M'jHitton, Deputy County Surveyor. 
 It has never had a village organization. The first building 
 erected was the one referred to in a previous part of this 
 article as built by Robert Brown in 1830; and the first 
 store was established by John and Jasper N. Ward in 1838. 
 The post-office was established in 1839, soon after the lay- 
 ing out of the town, the first post-master being Alexander 
 McHatton ; R. A. Williams is the present incumbent. 
 Joseph N. Ward built and kept the first hotel. The first 
 mill was built in Camden by David Campbell in 1856, and 
 was a steam saw-mill, with corn-cracker attached. The 
 first church, built in 1868, belonged to the M. E congrega- 
 tion, and was a neat frame building. The first school-house 
 was a rude log cabin, built in 1839. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Flour Mill.— This mill was built in 1865, by Mr. E. Cady, 
 Joseph N. Ward, John A James, and William Clarkson at 
 a cost of $6 000, and is a frame building, steam power, with 
 a 3i foot wheat burr, and a 3 foot corn burr, doing a strictly 
 custom business, grinding on shares. It is now owned by 
 David Loop, and operated by Burnett and Wells. Its ca- 
 pacity is fifteen barrels a day, and is valued at §4,000. 
 
 Hotel.— Dr. Wm. Parker. 
 
 General Store. — J. N. Rigg & Son. 
 
 Groceries. — W H. Rader & Co. 
 
 Drugs. — R. A. Williams. 
 
 Groceries. — W. T. Morris. 
 
 Blacksmith. — W. H. Cady. 
 
 Blacksmith and Wagonmaker. — R. G. McHatton. 
 
 Wagonmakers and Undertakers. — Daly & Evans. 
 
 Produce Dealer. — W. B. James. 
 
 Shoemaker. — Thomas Weightman. 
 
 Carpenter. — Isaac G. Cady. 
 
 Physicians.- B. P. Watts, W. L. King, William Parker, 
 and J. J. Rigg. 
 
 Milliners and Dressmakers. — Mrs. Hat tie Upson, Miss 
 Nellie Fields, and Miss Melissa Allphin. 
 
 Camden Lodge, No. 648, A. F. and A. M , was organized 
 in 1869, and worked under dispensation when they received a 
 charter. The original charter members were John A. James, 
 Dr. John A. Harvey, John Anderson, Theodore Hetrick, J. 
 N. Ward, A. Murphy, R. G. McHatton, James McHatton, 
 Dr. B P. Watts, E. B. West, and W. H. Cady. The first offi- 
 cers were E. B. West, W. M. ; John A. James, S. W. ; R. 
 G. McHatton, J. W. ; Theodore Hetrick, S. D. ; John Ander- 
 son, J D. ; Joseph A. Ward, Secretary, and Dr. B. 
 P. Watts, treasurer. This lodge owned its own temple, 
 a neat frame building, which was destroyed by the tornado
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 345 
 
 of September, 1881, and which took fire after being blown 
 down, and was, with everything belonging to the lodge de- 
 stroyed. They held an insurance policy of five hundred 
 dollars, but received only two hundred and fifty dollars. 
 They now have a new temple under course of construction. 
 The present officers are I. P. Melvin, W. M. ; Charles King, 
 S W. ; M. E Cady, J. VV. ; \V. H. Rader, S. D. ; Vint. 
 Anderson, J. D. ; E. L. Fuller, Secretary; George Ander- 
 son, Treasurer; and James Hendricks, Tyler. The present 
 membership is sixty-five, and their regular night of convo- 
 cation is the Saturday night on or before the full of the 
 moon. 
 
 The general appearance of the town is one of neatness ; 
 there are two handsome churches, the Methodist Episcopal, 
 Rev. N. A. Kane, and the Christian ; both were destroyed 
 by a terrible cyclone, which desolated the town on the 24th 
 of September, 1881, but have been rebuilt since then. 
 
 ERWIJT 
 
 Is a small village near the banks of Crooked Creek, on the 
 northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of section 26, 
 and was laid out by Columbus C. Meeks, and the plat and 
 survey were made by County Surveyor, Lsonidas Ilorney, 
 on the 27th of March, 1860. Columbus C. Meeks built, of 
 hewed log, the first house, in 1856, and kept the first store 
 and first blacksmith shop, was the first justice of the peace 
 and first postmaster, when a post-office was established in 
 1856. The first school-house built in the village was a 
 neat frame, erected in 1866, and the first teacher was James 
 Bliss. It is still in use, there being a term of six months 
 each year. They have no church building, but there is a 
 religious sect calling themselves "The Holiness Band." 
 The present business is confined to a General Store, Eugene 
 Mallory ; Groceries and Postmister, J. T. Stofer; Black- 
 smith, William Conn. The town has never been organized 
 as a village. 
 
 •^^3s<SS9^- 
 
 BUCKHORNT TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.)! 
 
 ~¥ 3 r- 
 
 -%+- 
 
 T a meeting of the Board of County Commis- 
 sioners, in 1854, when the county went under 
 township organization, it was declared that 
 township two south, range four west, should 
 be known by the name of Buckhorn, from 
 the fact that it had been traditionally handed 
 down from the early settlers, that within her 
 borders had been found a relic consisting of 
 the enormous horns of a buck. It is situated 
 in the extreme southwest corner of the county, bounded north 
 by Lee, east by Elkhorn, south by Pike county, and west by 
 Adams county. The surface is very broken, being the most 
 rugged body of land in the county. McKee's creek, which 
 e nters the township on section thirteen, flows in a south- 
 westerly course across the township, and with its affluents 
 drain and water the lands. Like the township east, it con- 
 tains considerable timber, principally along the streams. 
 The prairies are small, and very productive. The improve- 
 ments aud farms compare well with any of her neighboring 
 townships. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 In 18 17 we find that several military rights were settled 
 44 
 
 on land in this township, and the following are the names 
 of some of the claimants : Luke Purdy, S. E. section seven ; 
 John Pierce. N. E. section seven ; Thomas Trice, N. W 
 section eight, and August Winkler, N. E. section 8, were 
 all made on the sixth day of October, 1817;. Thomas Dodd, 
 S. W. section 10, November 29th, 1817, and Nathaniel 
 Dickey, S. E. section 12, December 11th, 1817. It is not 
 known that any of these men ever settled in the township, 
 or even in this part of the country. 
 
 The first permanent resident in Buckhorn township was 
 William L. Dehart, a native of Hart county, Kentucky. 
 He came to Illinois in 1832, locating in Morgan county, 
 where he remained until -February, 1833, and on the sixth 
 day of March, in the same year, moved to La Grange, in 
 this county. In 1837 he moved with bis family to Buck- 
 horn, settling on the northwest quarter of section 33, on the 
 place now owned by James Lewis. Mr. Dehart had been 
 here before, and had erected a small, rough, unhewed log 
 cabin, about sixteen feet square, with roof of clap-boards, 
 and mother earth for floor. On the night of the arrival at 
 their new abode, it snowed to a depth of about six inches, 
 and grew quite cold. They built a large fire in one end of
 
 346 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 the cabin, against the green logs, the smoke curling out 
 through the openings between the logs of the side of the 
 cabin, or clap-boards in the roof, there being neither fire- 
 place nor chimney. This rude structure, in a wilderness on 
 that cold, stormy night, was a palace to them. It is related, 
 that during the first summer the Deharts lived here, that 
 they killed over forty copperhead and rattle snakes in the 
 immcdia'e vicinity of their cabin, it seemingly having been 
 built over a den of these reptiles. Dehart reared a family 
 of four sous and four daughters, five of whom are yet 
 living, viz.: Thomas B., Julius W., in Nebraska; Malinda 
 Jane, wife of Lewis Flinn, in Adams county ; Mary, wife 
 of Daniel Comer, in Adams county ; and Thomas, who 
 resides on section thirty of Buckhorn, who is the only rep- 
 resentative of the family now in the county. He is an 
 extensive farmer, has been justice of the peace for eight 
 years, and held other minor offices, and is among the prom- 
 nent and influential gentlemen of the county. The next 
 settler was John B. Houston, a brother-in-law of William 
 L. Dehart. He came the 1st of April, of the same year, 
 and located on the northeast quarter of the same section. 
 Mr. Hous'on was also from the same county in Kentucky, 
 and came to this state in 1831, and stopped for a short time 
 iu Morgan county. He and Dehart came from there to La 
 Grange together. He had a family of eight children, six 
 of whom are yet living, none of them, however, in Brown 
 county. His daughter Sarah, born January 8th, 1838, was 
 the first birth that occurred in the township. Houston left 
 here in 1847, and subsequently moved to Missouri, where he 
 died. It was about the same date that Elmer Morrel and 
 Arthur Martin settled in section thirty-six. Morrel is a 
 native of Ohio, and is still living on the place where he first 
 settled ; has reared a family, some of whom are also residing 
 near him. Arthur Martin also came from Ohio, and was 
 quite a prominent man iu Buckhorn. He was a blacksmith 
 by trade, and had a shop, a store, and cooper shop located 
 on a small piece of land that he had purchased from Mr. 
 Morrel, on the northeast quarter of section thirty-six. He 
 was founder of the White Oak Springs Post-office, the first 
 in the township, at a very early day. He also held the 
 office of justice of the peace, town treasurer, and other 
 minor positions of trust, and died here about 1857- At this 
 writing there is no business carried on at this point, except 
 ing a blacksmith shop, by Zebedee Martin, a son of the old 
 settler. His mother is living with him, at a good old age. 
 The post-office has been moved around several times since 
 Martin's death, and is now kept by R T. Bratton, who 
 resides on section twenty-four. Squire and Uriah Houston, 
 brothers of John B. Houston, were also eaTly arrivals. 
 Squire Houston came from his Dative State to Morgan 
 county in 1830, and to Brown with his brother John B. in 
 1833, locating at La Grange. In 1838 he purchased and 
 settled on land in section twenty-two. About 1845 he 
 traded this place for the Kerragan mill, on section thirty- 
 four, which he operated until 1852. He died in March, 
 1882, in the eighty-second year of his age. He mired a 
 large family. Laac, Uriah, John, Isom G., and Minerva, 
 wife of P. G. Butler, are living in the township, and Ma- 
 
 linda, wife of Silas Reaves, resides in Elkhorn. Uriah Hous- 
 ton moved from Kentucky to Illinois in 1831, and located 
 in Buckhorn in 1839, and still resides on section twenty-six, 
 where he is interested in farming and operating a steam mill. 
 Henry Jerroll, a North Carolinian, and his wife walked 
 from that State to Kentucky, and from there rode on horse- 
 back up through Illinois, and settled here in 1830. He 
 erected his cabin on the line separating Brown county from 
 Pike county. In 1838 he exchanged farms with John B. 
 Houston, and became a citizen of Brown, and in 1843 moved 
 to the State of Missouri. Two brothers, John and James 
 McDannald, Kentuckians, came here together, landing, in 
 Buckhorn between Christmas and New Year's of 1838. John 
 had a family of thirteen children, seven of whom came to 
 this county with him, and only one of them is now living in 
 this State, Nealy McDannald, Sr., residing in section thir. 
 teen of Buckhorn. James had a small family, none of 
 
 'whom are now living. Elijah Reeves, a Kentuckian, was a 
 very early settler in the bottom prairie, where he resided for 
 many year j , and moved to Elkhorn, where he died. Abel 
 H. Lamphire and his son-in-law, George Shineberger set- 
 tled on section thirty- four, in 1839. Lamphire was a wheel- 
 wright, and erected a shop there, and did work in his line 
 for the old settlers. He also manufactured wool and flax 
 
 •spinning-wheels, split-bottjm chairs, etc. About 1844 he 
 purchased the mill and distillery owned and operated by 
 John B. Houston, and run them in connection with his 
 wheel and chair factory for several years. He died in the 
 township Shineberger still resides where he first settled. 
 Joshua Bowen, of Kentucky, was another arrival iu 1839. 
 He located on section twenty-nine. His death occurred in 
 1870, and members of his family are still residing here. 
 John Bullard, a North Carolinian, was an early settler in 
 Versailles township, and located here about 1840, on section 
 sixteen. He was a very fine marksman, a»d a noted game 
 and bee hunter. He was one of the early justices, and held 
 other minor offices. In 1840 Btthel Colston located in sec- 
 tion seventeen, where he resided until his death, a few years 
 ago. He was also another early justice of the peace. His 
 widow, the wife of William Cole, is still living in the county. 
 Silas Johnson also settled here in 1840, on the northeast 
 quarter of section twenty, and died here. 
 
 Among other early settltrs we will mention the names of 
 John Taylor, Charles Adams, Nathan Butler, John Severe, 
 John Wordwell, Thomas, Nathaniel and John Dale, Joseph 
 Ferguson, Samuel Bowman, John Webb, Jesse Everett, 
 Augu.-tus McD. New, Adam Davis, the Whiteside family, 
 the Briggs, Stevensons, Coulson Tucker, Thomas A. Lewis, 
 Elias Bixler end others. George Myers, a native of Ken- 
 tucky, better known as " Black Hawk Myers," became a 
 resident in the county in 1849. Though not an old setthr 
 he was quite a remarkable character, and was known by most 
 of the older citizens of the county. He was born October 
 16, 1781, aud was the hero of two wars, that of 1812andthe 
 war with Mexico. He was all his life a very active man 
 and lived to the remarkable age of 101 years. His death 
 occurred April 11, 1882. Up to a few days before his death 
 he walked around and superintended the affairs of his farm.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 347 
 
 The earliest mill was built and operated by Thomas Ker- 
 ragen in 1839. It was a saw and grist mill situated in sec- 
 tion 34 and propelled by the water of McKee's creek. Ri- 
 der, Doane & Co, erected a water saw and grist mill in the 
 same year on the S. E. } of section 32. It was the same date 
 also that John B. Houston and George McDannold erected 
 a horse mill and distillery on section 36, and operated it 
 'until 1849. 
 
 The first school teacher in Buckhorn township was a man 
 by the name of Rankin, who taught at what is now Ben- 
 ville, on section 28 in the winter of 1839-40, in a log cabin 
 16- feet square, erected for that purpose by the neighboring 
 settlers. The cabin was a very rude affair, constructed of 
 rough logs just as they, were cut from the woods, with the 
 space between them chinked and daubed with mud and a 
 stone chimney built oil the inside. Light was had by cut- 
 ting out a portion of one log along the side of the cabin over 
 which was pasted a strip of oiled paper. This cabin was 
 even more aristocratic than most of them of that day from 
 the fact of having had a puncheon floor. The whole end 
 was used as a fireplace. Rankin was a rather old man and 
 was considered a good teacher. He died here in 1841, and 
 was one of the first persons buried in the township. Josiah 
 Benson, taught a school in the same house in the following 
 winter. At this writing the township has several school dis- 
 tricts all supplied with good comfortable houses where school 
 is taught the greater part of the year. The earliest church 
 was organized by Reverends John Taylor and Thomas Brock- 
 man about 1840, and erected the first house of worship a few 
 years later at Benville. It was a Christian church. Ben- 
 ville is located on section 28, and cousi3ts of a general store 
 
 and post office. The store is kept by Benjamin Akright, and 
 the post office by George Alcorn. 
 
 In section 18 on the place belonging to Quincy Burgesser 
 there have been several fine mineral springs recently opened, 
 which tend to rival those of the celebrated watering places. 
 Mr. Burgesser has named them the Siloara Mineral Springs. 
 The properties of the principal spring are nearly the same 
 as those of the Eureka Springs. A small hotel was erected 
 there in the spring of 1882, and there is a prospect of a larger 
 one being erected at an early day. Buckhorn has been repre- 
 sented in the board of supervisors by the following named 
 parties : Arthur Martin, elected" in 1854, Charles B. Adams 
 in 1855, Philip Linn in 1856, Charles B. Adams, in 
 1857, C Vandeventer, in 1858, Alfred Payne in 1859 
 and by re-election served until 1862, when William Orr 
 was elected, and served until 1865. In 1865 Jesse Harris 
 served one term, and the following year William Orr was 
 re-elected and served until 1869. Abel D. Berry was 
 elected in 1869, being succeeded the next year, by William 
 Orr. - In 1871, Abel D. Berry was re-elected, and again 
 succeeded in 1872 by William Orr. Granville B. Scanlan 
 served in 1873, followed by Abel D. Berry in 1874, who 
 by re-election has held the office ever since, being the 
 present incumbent. 
 
 Although this township is not among the old settled por- 
 tions of the county, nor has it as good a body of land as 
 some of the others, yet within her borders there are many 
 fine farms and good improvements. The population as given 
 by the census of 1880 is 1,137. They are an energetic, 
 thrifty class, who are using their united efforts in the im- 
 provement and advancement of their township. 
 
 *§3fi0^£S*JSg~-- 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 " * v 
 
 -%♦-» 
 
 ROBERT T. BRATTEN. 
 This gentleman is a Tennessetan by birth, and comes 
 from a family of English descent. His grandfather, William 
 Bratten, resided during the early part of his life in Mary- 
 land. He was a sailor, and served on board one of the 
 American vessels during the War of the Revolution. Some 
 years after the conclusion of the Revolutionary War, he 
 bought six hundred and forty acres of land in Tennessee, on 
 which he settled. He subsequently moved to Brown county, 
 Ohio, and died there in the year 1839, at the age of eighty- 
 four. Adam Bratten, the father of the subject of this sketch, 
 was born in Maryland, and, when a boy, accompanied his 
 father to Tennessee. He grew up there, and married Mary 
 Lewis, a native of East Tennessee. In 1837 he moved to 
 
 Brown county, Ohio. He came to Brown county, of this 
 state, in 1854, and is now a resident of Versailles township, 
 having reached the age of nearly one hundred years, and is 
 believed to be the oldest man living in the county. 
 
 Robert T. Bratten was born in Smith county, Tennessee, 
 on the 9th of June, 1827. He was in his tenth year when 
 the family moved from Tennessee to Ohio, in December, 
 1837. Most of his education was obtained in Brown county, 
 Ohio. The schools which he attended were all subscription 
 schools, with the exception of the last term, when he attended 
 a school conducted under the free-school system. On the 
 6th of July, 1848, he married Cynthia A. Hughes. After 
 his marriage he engaged in farming on his own account. 
 
 In the fall of 1852 he removed from Ohio to Illinois. He
 
 348 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 remained in Pike county a few months, and then settled on 
 section 23 of township 2 south, range 4 west (Buckhorn), 
 where he has been living ever since. His first wife died on 
 the 31st of December, 1878. His present wife, whom he 
 married on the 14th of January, 1882, was Mrs. Rebecca 
 Gray, formerly Miss Rebecca Linn, a native of Hamilton 
 county, Ohio. He had six children by his first marriage : 
 Chester P. ; Almira, wife of Clark Dale ; Elizabeth J , who 
 married Simon Eyler, and is now deceased ; Francis M. ; 
 Laura A., who died when an infant, and Willie D. Bratten. 
 His political affiliations have always been with the Demo- 
 cratic party. In 1848 he voted for Lewis Cass, for president, 
 and has been a democrat ever since. He occasionally votes 
 for candidates of the opposite political faith, when he believes 
 them to be best qualified for office. He has served for sev- 
 enteen years as clerk of Buckhorn township. He was elected 
 & justice of the peace in 1870, and re-elected four years 
 later. He is now the oldest postmaster in the county, in 
 point of service, having had charge of the post office at 
 White Oak Springs twenty-one years. The office is kept at 
 his house. He has been iuteresttd in educational matters, 
 and has held various positions in connection with the schools 
 of the township. He assisted Father Paxson in organizing 
 the first Sabbath-school in Buckhorn township. 
 
 GEORGE SHINEBARGER, 
 
 One of the prosperous and substantial farmers of the south- 
 west part of the county, was born in Pennsylvania, within 
 forty miles of Philadelphia, on the 7th of March, 1814 ; his 
 grandfather was a German, and a soldier in the wars of 
 Bonaparte. His father, George Shinebarger, was born in 
 Germany, emigrated to the United States, and settled and 
 married in Pennsylvania. When the subject of this 
 biography was seven days old his mother died. The first 
 fifteen years of his life were spent in the same part of Penn- 
 sylvania in which he was born. This was in a neighborhood 
 inhabited almost altogether by families of German descent. 
 He was sent to a German school, and what education he 
 obtained was in the German language. This language was 
 the only one spoken in the neighborhood. The farmers 
 were accustomed to haul their produce to the Philadelphia 
 market in huge covered wagons, usually drawn by six horses. 
 When he was a boy of fifteen his father moved with the 
 family to Alleghany county, New York. He there attended 
 school, but the instruction did not prove of much advantage 
 on account of his imperfect knowledge of the English lan- 
 guage. He, however, learned to speak English, and has now 
 almost entirely forgotten the German. When he was eighteen 
 he left home, and was afterwards employed by various parties 
 in Alleghany county, New York, till he came west. He was 
 married in Alleghany county, New York, on the 27th of 
 August, 1837, to Sarah Ann Lamphear. 
 
 Shortly after his marriage, in company with his brother- 
 in-law, Abraham Lamphear, he set out for the western states 
 
 to seek his fortune. On the upper Allegheny river they 
 constructed a boat, on which they journeyed to Pittsburg. 
 From the latter place they took passage in a steamboat 
 down the Ohio. On reaching Aurora, Indiana, their means 
 became exhausted, and stopping in that town they cast about 
 for some means of obtaining a livelihood. They undertook 
 work at the carpenter's trade, of which neither had much 
 previous knowledge. They were fortunate in securing work ; 
 their first job was the building of a lawyer's office. They 
 afterward bought a corner lot, put up a dwelling and store- 
 house, and sold it at a good profit ; they were industrious and 
 energetic, and during the one year of their stay in Aurora, 
 cleared twenty-seven hundred dollars. Concluding to leave 
 Aurora and go farther west, they took a boat down the Ohio 
 and up the Mississippi river to Davenport, Iowa. That part 
 of Iowa was then but thinly settled, and not liking the pros- 
 pect, they returned to Quincy, then a town of less than the 
 presept size of Mt. Sterling. Hazel brush grew on the flat 
 back of the court-house. Traveling away from the river, 
 after getting eight miles out of Quincy, they passed no house 
 till they struck the south prairie in Pike county. He and 
 Mr. Lamphear built a saw and grist mill on McKee's 
 creek, in section 34, of what is now called Buckhorn town- 
 ship. His was the first water-mill in the southwest part of 
 Brown county, and customers used to come to it from Kings- 
 ton and Griggsville. After ruuning it about a year it was 
 sold to other parties. Mr. Shinebarger afterward worked at 
 the carpenter's trade for some time, and then went to farming 
 in Marion county, Missouri ten miles west of Quincy. He 
 there lived on rented land. 
 
 After a residence in Missouri of two years, he came back 
 to Illinois, and went to farming on the southeast quarter of 
 section 28, Buckhorn township. Subsequently he moved to 
 the farm on which he now lives, in section 34, of the same 
 township. He has since been engaged in farming ; he was 
 the owner at one time of six hundred acres of land ; his 
 present farm consists of two hundred and twenty acres. His 
 first wife having died, he married on the 19th of September, 
 1850, Mary Ann Scouteu, who was born and raised in the 
 state of New York. Her father, Elias Scouten, came from 
 New York and settled in Morgan county, this state, when 
 she was a child. Mr. Shinebarger has had eight children. 
 The oldest, Alonzo Shinebarger, is farming in Buckhorn 
 township. Sarah Ann, the wife of John Hobbs, now lives 
 in Kansas. Abel and Harriet Louisa, died when infants. 
 Rebecca Adeline married Henry Aurand, and is now living 
 in Buckhorn township. James Nathaniel is also a resident 
 of Buckhorn township. The above are children by his first 
 marriage. He has two children by his second marriage, 
 Abel and Malvina Jane. The last is the wife of Isaac Tay- 
 lor. He is a Democrat in politics ; he commenced life with 
 no capital except his own energy, good health and an iron 
 constitution, and with the disadvantage of having been 
 raised to speak a foreign language, and being unacquainted 
 with the manners and customs of the country. He is known 
 as a shrewd and successful business man, and whether at 
 farming, trading or dealing in stock, he has uniformly been 
 successful.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 349 
 
 EUFUS G. RAZEY. 
 
 Among the representative farmers of Buckhorn township 
 is Rufus G. Razey. He is a native of Washington county, 
 Ohio, and was born on the 1 2th of December, 1839. He 
 was the oldest of a family of eight children, composed of 
 four boys and four girls, of Richard Razey, and his wife 
 Harriet W-. whose maiden name was Mason. His father 
 was a r.ative of Vermont, and his mother was also born in 
 one of the eastern States. The early years of. his boyhood 
 were spent in Ohio, and then about the year 1850, his father 
 moved with the family to this State. After living in Perry, 
 Pike county, three or four years, his father moved to a farm 
 five miles west of that town, where he still lives. Mr. Razey 
 obtained the most of his education in the district schools of 
 Pike county. On the 18th of November, 1864, he married 
 Lucy A. Newton, a native of Brown county, Ohio. She was 
 three or four ytars of age, when the accompanied her father, 
 Arad Newton, to this State. Her father settled in the 
 neighborhood of Perry, Pike county, and died in August, 
 1870. Her mother, Margaret Knight, was born in Ohio. 
 After his marriage, Mr. Razey settled on his present farm in 
 sections thirty-three and thirty-four of township two south, 
 range four west. His residence is on the Pike county line. 
 He is the owner of two hundred and seventy-three acres of 
 laud. He has three children, whose names are Lauretta, 
 Celia Ann, and Ruth. He has been closely occupied with 
 the management of his farm and his business affairs, and has 
 taken no active part in politics. His first vote for President 
 was cast for Abraham Lincoln, and he commonly votes the 
 Republican ticket, though he believes in being iudependent 
 as to the choice of township and county officers, and in 
 supporting the man best qualified for the position without 
 regard to party affiliations. He is known as an enterprising 
 farmer and a good citizen. 
 
 THOMAS B. DEHART. 
 
 Thomas B. Dehart, one ef the oldest settlers now living 
 in Buckhorn township, was born in Hart county, Kentucky, 
 on the 11th of October, 1825. His father was William De- 
 hart. His mother's name before marriage was Jane Hous- 
 ton. In October, 1830, when he was five years old, his 
 father moved with the family from .Kentucky to Harrison 
 county, Indiana, twenty miles west of New Albany, where 
 they lived till April, 1832, when they emigrated to this 
 state. Their home was on Indian creek in Morgan coun- 
 ty, till February, 1833, when they crossed the Illinois river 
 on the ice and settled on the bluffs one mile west of La 
 Grange. This was then in Schuyler county, the county of 
 Brown not being organized for six years afterward. In the 
 spring of 1837 the family moved to the present Buckhorn 
 township, (two south, range four west) and settled on the 
 northwest quarter of section thirty-three. The cabin which 
 Mr. Dehart's father built is said to have been the first ever 
 erected in Buckhorn township. In 1844 the family moved 
 to section sixteen where William Dehart died in the year 
 1852. ' 
 
 When the subject of this sketch came to what is now 
 Brown county he was in his eighth year. He went to school 
 some little in the neighborhood of La Grange, and two terms 
 in the southwest part of the county, but most of his educa- 
 tion he obtained after he was grown, in Adams and Pike 
 counties. When he was twenty years old, in 1845, he left 
 home, and for nearly ten years was employed in working on 
 a farm in Pike county. While living in Pike county, on 
 l he 30th of December, 1852, he married Polly Alist New 
 of that county. In 1855 he moved to a farm iu Beverly 
 township, Adams county, on which he lived till March, 
 1865, when he moved to his present farm in section thirty 
 township two south, range four we3t. He has been a farmer 
 all his life, and is the owner of one of the best farms in 
 Buckhorn township, composed of two hundred acres of land. 
 His first wife died on the 26th of July, 1871. He had nine 
 children by this marriage, whose names are as follows : Wil. 
 Ham A., now living in Minnesota; Angus N., who died in 
 infancy : Mary Jane, now Mrs. William Leeper ; James Al- 
 fred, Stephen A., George, who died in infancy ; Sarah Cath- 
 arine, Thomas D., and Minnie A. His present wife, whom 
 he married on the 7th of January, 1872, was Mrs. Malinda 
 Meeks. Her maiden name was Martin. By this marriage 
 he has three children — Barton AV., Edgar, and Cora E. 
 Airs. Ddhart had three children by her former marriage — 
 William W. Meeks, Eliza, now the wife of John Bullard, a 
 resident of Minnesota, and Osmer Meeks. 
 
 He has always been a member of the Democratic party, 
 and has been one of the strong supporters of that political 
 organization in the southwest part of the county. In 1866 
 and in 1871 he served as collector of Buckhorn township. 
 He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1873 and was re- 
 elettsd in 1877, serving till 1881. He is now one of the 
 oldest residents of the southwest part of the county. 
 
 GEORGE W. WILLIAMS. 
 
 George W. Williams was born in Lancaster county, 
 Pennsylvania, on the 17th of March, 1823. His father, 
 Thomas Williams, was a native of the State of New York, 
 and coming to Pennsylvania when a young man, married 
 Margaret Young. The subject of this sketch was the third 
 of the children, and the youngest of those who grew to mature 
 years. When he was six months old, his father moved with 
 the family to Missouri, and in St. Louis and St. Charles 
 counties of that State, Mr. Williams was principally raised. 
 When he was four or five years of age his father died. 
 When ten years old, he began learning the trade of a harness 
 and saddle maker. He was working at this occupation in 
 St. Louis in 1849, when the excitement began concerning 
 the discovery of gold in California. He started for the 
 Pacific coast, but at St. Joseph, Missouri, turned back on 
 account of the cholera, which that year prevailed to an 
 alarming extent. He then established himself in the harness 
 and saddle business at St. Charles, but in a short time came 
 to Versailles in this county. In the spring of 1852, a party 
 of four, of which Mr. Williams was one, started from this
 
 350 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 county for California. One gave up the trip, but the three 
 others crossed the plains, driving ox teams, reaching Michi- 
 gan bar on the 27th of August, 1852. He remained in 
 California till December, 18">7. During the first winter he 
 was employed in mining gold, but afterward established 
 himself in the harness and saddle business at Red Bluff on the 
 Sacramento river. He put up the third building ever erec. 
 ted in that town, and carried on a profitable and remunera. 
 tive business. He reached Illinois on his return, in the 
 early part of the year 1858, and resumed work at his trade 
 in Versailles. In the fall of 1858, he married Juliett Ross, 
 daughter of Richard -W. Ross. Her parents were Ken- 
 tuckians. In the spring of 1860, he moved to his present 
 farm in section two, of township two south, range four west, 
 where he has since been engaged in agriculture. He is the 
 owner of two hundred and thirty-nine acres of land. He 
 has four children living, Franklin, Lydia, Charles, and 
 Edith. Three beside are dead. He was a Whig formerly 
 but since the dissolution of the Whig party has acted with 
 the Democrats. 
 
 JOHN FERGUSON. 
 
 The father and grandfather of Mr. Ferguson were among 
 the earliest settlers of this part of Illinois. His grandfather 
 was Samuel Ferguson, and his father, Joseph Ferguson. 
 Both were born in Ohio, and came to Illinois about the year 
 1827, and settled near Quincy, in Adams county. At that 
 time there were only twenty -seven families living in what is 
 now Adams couuty, and only six houses, (shanties built of 
 boards and logs), in the pr< sent city of Quincy. Samuel 
 Ferguson moved to Missouri and died there. Joseph Fer- 
 guson married Cynthia Dale, a native of the Slate of In- 
 diana. The subject of this sketch was the third of a family 
 of eight cLildren, and was born on the 10th of March, 1839. 
 
 In the year 1845, his father moved to Brown county, and 
 settled on the farm where Mr. Ferguson now lives; he 
 died there in December, 1869. 
 
 From the time he was six years of age, Mr. Ferguson has 
 lived in Brown county. The 'advantages for securing an 
 education were poor in those days in comparison with those 
 of the present time. The first school he attended was on the 
 edge of Adams county, three miles from his home. He has 
 lived to see great improvements in the condition of the 
 country in this respect, and to see Buckhorn township well 
 supplied with schools, easy of access to all the children. 
 September 4th, 1860, he married Nancy Blair, a native of 
 Indiana, daughter of Robert Blair. After his marriage, he 
 bought the southwest quarter of section 20, township two 
 south, range four west, and engaged in farming on his own 
 account. In the fall of 1881, he moved to the old home- 
 stead farm of his father, section 19, of the same township 
 where he now lives. He has been a successful farmer, and 
 owns 380 acres of land, all in one body. He has six 
 children, whose names are, Lemuel, Robert, Cynthia, Rhoda 
 Ellen, John L., and William Henry. Two, beside, died in 
 infancy. 
 
 He is a Democrat in politics, voting first for Douglas for 
 President in 1860. He is not, however, a strict and blind ad- 
 herent of his party, but in elections for local officers generally 
 votes for the mau best qualified for the position without regard 
 to the party to which he belongs. He has stood well as a 
 citizen, and with small capital has reached a position among 
 the foremost farmers of Buckhorn township. His time has 
 been closely devoted to his business affairs, to the management 
 of his farm, and the raising of stock, and he has not cared to 
 hold public office. He has never, in the course of his whole 
 life, been intoxicated, but for several years past has never 
 tasted liquor, has never bought a glass of liquor at a bar and 
 has never been accustomed to the use of tobacco. To these 
 temperate habits, he attributes partly his success in lie.
 
 BROOKLYN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 ^0/2/to*-»— »— 
 
 I HIS township compiises all of Congres- 
 sional t >wnship 3 north, range 3 west of 
 the 4th P. M., and contains thirty-six 
 full sections, being in form a perfect 
 square. It is bounded on the north by 
 McDonough cmnty, on the east by Lit : 
 tleton, on the south by Camden, and on 
 the west by Birmingham. Crooked 
 creek enters the township from the west, 
 in secti" n 18, winds its course through sections 17, 20, 21, 
 22, 28, 33, and passes south into Camden, through the south- 
 east corner of 32. From the north it receives a large stream 
 which supplies water and affords drainage for the northern 
 and western porti< ns. Prom the east it receives the waters 
 of Horn< y and Fowler branches, besides several smaller 
 ones Along Crooked creek and vicinity the surface is very 
 much broken, and was formerly covered with heavy timber. 
 Small patches of prairie are scattered over the northeastern 
 part of the township. Along the other water course the 
 country is more or less broken and covered with timber 
 where not cleared. The township is now well cultivated, 
 and the land yields a ready recompense for labor. The rer i- 
 dences present a neat appearance, and the commodious barns 
 and sheds afford shelter for sheep, hogs, cattle, and other 
 stock, with which the township abounds. Ou every hand 
 are evidences of that prosperity and wealth which invariably 
 follow industry and economy, showing that tlie example of 
 the early settlers has not been ignored by their descendants. 
 Orchards abound on all sides, and here and there may be 
 seen small vineyards. 
 
 The following are the first military patents issued to land 
 in this township: November 29, 1817, a patent was issued to 
 Gideon Gardner for the N. E. } of section 30 ; December 
 10, 1817, to James Kean, for the N. W. } of section 29; 
 December 11, 1817, to Christopher McDonald, for the S. E. 
 i of section 5 ; March 5, 1818, to Jeremiah Hester, for the 
 N. E. } of section 24 ; August 4, 1818, to Peter Poorraan, 
 for the S. W. \ of section 20; and on December 4, 1818, to 
 William Bradish, for the S. E. \ of section 13. 
 
 In all probability, to William Owen belongs the honor of 
 breaking the first ground and building the first cabin in this 
 township. He was a native of KentucVy, where he grew to 
 manhood, and married Miss Helen Swan in 1828; and in 
 the early fall of 1829, with his wife, started on horseback 
 for her father's home in Illinois, where they arrived after a 
 six days' tiresome journey. They spent the winter with her 
 father, George Swan, in Beuna Vista township, and in the 
 
 early spring, came into Brooklyn and built a cabin, improved 
 some land and put in a small crop. He took his wife back 
 to her father's in the fall, and returned to Kentucky to get 
 his household goods, which he had left there, and some stock. 
 Upon his return from Kentucky, he sold out his preemption 
 right, together with the crop, in Brook'yn, believing that it 
 was not a healthful place, as he had the ague from almost 
 the first day he arrived in the township. He subsequently 
 bought laud and settled in Buena Vista township. William 
 Manlove was also among the fi>st to settle in this portion of 
 the county. He was a brother to David and Moses Man- 
 love, who settled in Birmingham township in 1832, and in 
 all probability came to Brooklyn at the tame time, and set- 
 tled ( n the N. E. J of section 7, with his famiy. Here he 
 made extensive improvements, and succeeded in providing 
 a good home for himself. WMiam Manlove was accompa- 
 nied by his brother-in-law, William Huff, who was a native 
 of North Carolina, and had a wife and fami y, but had been 
 living in Indiana before his arrival in this section. He set- 
 tled on the N. W. i of section 7, built his cabin, and at once 
 began improvements. He died upon his original improve- 
 ment, which he bought some years subsequent to his settle- 
 ment. With William Huff, came John E^Rigsby and fami- 
 ly from Indiana, and for his home selected the E. J of the 
 S. E. J of section, building the cabin of those days, and 
 making the usual improvements. Rigsby gave the small 
 prairie, upon which he settled, the name of " Guiuea Prai- 
 rie," which it sti 1 bears. William C. Ralls, a native of 
 Kentucky, and who subsequently raised and commanded a 
 company in the Black Hawk war, came into the township 
 as early as the fall of 1831, and on the 6th day of Decem- 
 ber, 1831, obtained authority from the cmnty to build a mill- 
 dam, not to exceed nine feet in height, on the S. W. 1 of 
 section 20. Being unmarried, he made his home in Mc- 
 Donough county, the greater portion of the time, only com- 
 ing into the township occasionally, until the spring of 1832, 
 when he built his cabin on the N. E. 1 of section 20. He 
 married in the winter of 1835, and settled permanently in 
 the township. He commenced the erection of a fine resi- 
 dence, but before its completion died, and it remained un- 
 finished. None of his family are residents of the township 
 at the present time. Rev. Samuel L. Dark, who is still liv- 
 ing in the township, came into it in 1832. He was born in 
 North Carolina, and was taken, while a child, to Tennessee, 
 by his parents, where he remained until he was about twenty 
 years of age, when he started for Schuyler county in a two- 
 horse wagon, accompanied by his father, Samuel Dark, his 
 
 351
 
 352 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 cousins, Horace and Samuel Dark, Jr., and his brother-in- 
 law, Hugh Hays. They crossed the river at Beard's ferry, 
 and on the 17th day of February, 1830, arrived at his bro- 
 ther's, Robert L. Dark, who had come some years prior, and 
 was then living in Buena Vista township. Here Samuel 
 L. remained until the fall of 1832, employing his time in 
 workiug for farmers in the summer and teaching in the win- 
 ter; at which time, having married a daughter of John 
 Moore, he moved into Brooklyn, built a cabin, and com- 
 menced improving the N. W. } of section 5. At the ekse 
 of the Black Hawk war, in which he was a soldier, Samuel 
 L. was converted to Christianity, and since that time has 
 been a minister of the denomination known as Hard shell 
 Bapti-t, and his life has been consistent with his calling. He 
 was followed by his father to Brooklyn in 1833, who had a 
 wife and family of grown children, and for a home, Samuel 
 Dark, Sr., built his cabin, and entered the S. W. i of section 
 1, where he continued to reside until his death. Horace 
 Dark, with a wife and child, came soon afterward, and made 
 an improvement on the E. £ of the N. E. k of section 15, 
 by building a cabin and cultivating a few acres of land. 
 After living here a year or two, he sold his improvement 
 and went to Missouri. Hugh Hays and family also came 
 the same time that his father-in-law, Samuel Dark, Sr., did, 
 and improved the N. W. i of section 21, where he died. 
 One of the pioneers of this township, who has witnessed the 
 wondrous change, wrought by converting a wilderness into 
 abodes for man, is William Lewis, who is now living in 
 Brooklyn village. William Le a is comes from an illustri- 
 ous family of the same name, his grandfather being the lead- 
 ing jurist in Philadelphia during General Washington's ad- 
 ministration. ' Mr. Lewis was born in the beautiful Valley 
 of Wyoming, Pennsylvania, where he grew to manhood, and 
 received a thorough education. At the age of twenty-eight, 
 consumption seemed to claim him as her prey. To save his 
 life he came west, arriving in Rushville in 1829. 
 
 In the fall of 1832, in company with a young man named 
 Samuel Oliver, whom he had brought to the county with 
 him as an employee, he came into Brooklyn, and was at once 
 impressed with the natural beauty of the country, and as 
 he was regaining his health, he and Oliver built a cabin 
 on the northwest corner of section 19. It was not his in- 
 tention at first to make his home in the West, but becoming 
 more attached to the country, and rapidly improving in 
 health, at the solicitation of his companion, he at last de- 
 cided to remain. He at first had only a pre-emption right, 
 which he soon converted into a good title by purchase or 
 entry. Having fully recovered his health, he, at the solici- 
 tation of Oliver, sought a wife. To this end he went to 
 what is now Beardstown, purchased a suit of clothes, went 
 down to Jacksonville, and there found and married Miss 
 Rebecca Compton, who is still living in the enjoyment of 
 excellent health. Samuel Oliver never married, but made 
 his home with William Lewis, and slightly improved the 
 west half of the southwest quarter of section 19. He was 
 drowned in the Mississippi river, while on his way to Iowa, 
 to locate some land. James Worthington, a native of Ken- 
 tucky, came to Rushville, with his parents, at an early day, 
 
 and sw:i f illowed Mr. Lewis into Brooklyn, and took pos- 
 session of the northeast quarter of section 29, built a com- 
 modious two-story frame dwelling — the first in the township — 
 where he resided somi years, and then moved to Rushville, 
 where he died, a bachelor. Thomas Deaves, a native of 
 Ireland, with his young wife, arrived in the fall of 1833, 
 and entered the east half of both the northwest quarter 
 and the southwest quarter of section 30, where he died some 
 years ago. A company from Ohio, composed of Obed Grif- 
 fith, Absalom Willey and Robert Frakcs, all bringing fami- 
 lies, arrived in 1833. Griffith settled on the northeast quarter 
 of section 5, and Frakes on the west half of section 3 built 
 cabins, but did not remain long. John Huff, a brother of 
 William Huff, with his family came in 1834. He and his 
 family settled on the east half of the northeast quarter of 
 section 7 Samuel Dark, Jr., having married in Buena 
 Vista, came into the township in 1834, and made an im- 
 provement, and died in the township. Nicholas Pyle, a 
 Kentuckian, came from Morgan, with his wife and family, 
 and built a cabin, made some improvement, and acquired 
 a pre-emption right to the southwest quarter of section 10, 
 but soon moved away. Fielding Atchiuson, with a wife 
 and several children, came with Pyle, his father-in-law, and 
 in company with bis brother-in-law, William Pyle, then un- 
 married, improved the northwest quarter of section 10, 
 which William Pyle afterwards entered, but subsequently 
 sold, and went to Kansas. Madison Bobbett arrived from 
 Morgan county, a young man, who soon after married Sarah, 
 the daughter of Nicholas Pyle, and improved the southeast 
 quarter of section 10, in 1835. Dr. Jani2s S. Blackburn, 
 whose earlier history may be found in the chapter on Rash- 
 ville, where he lauded in 1830, came to Brooklyn in the 
 spring of 1836, and entered and improved the west half of 
 the southwest quarter of section 21, where he died, llis so n 
 Robert S. Blackburn, is a merchant, and the present post- 
 master at Brooklyn. His daughter, Prudence, the widow of 
 Capt. H. E. Hankins, is also a resident of the same village, 
 and Bryson, another son, resides on the northwest quarter 
 of section 20. # 
 
 The first death of which we have any information was that 
 of a man named Defeubaugh, who died in the village in 
 1836, and who was the first person buried in the cemetery, 
 on the southwest quarter of section 20, the first cemetery 
 in the township. Richard Kelfough taught the first school 
 in the township, in a little log cabin, which was also the 
 first school-house built in Brooklyn, in 1837. Rev. Samuel 
 L. Dark preached the first sermon, in 1831, at the residence 
 of his father. A blacksmith, named Redfield, was the first 
 in the township, and was brought here in 1832, while Wil- 
 liam Ralls was building his mill, which was the first one 
 built in this section of the county. The contract for build- 
 ing the dam was given to Joel Tullis, who completed his 
 work in the early spring of 1832. It was a grist-mill, to 
 which a saw mill was subsequently added. The bridge over 
 Crooked creek was constructed as early as 1837, being the 
 first in the township. The roads and bridges of the town- 
 ship are kept in, good condition, and all parts of it are 
 readily reached by the lightest vehicles. Education re-
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 353 
 
 ceives proper and merited attention, and the six neat school- 
 houses are occupied six months in the year by the children 
 of the community. The financial condition of the schools 
 is excellent. A handsome frame church building stands on 
 the southeast quarter of section 36, where the Methodist 
 Episcopal congregation worship, under the direction of 
 Rev. W. F. Lowe, of the Littleton circuit. The building 
 erected in 1857, is worth about $2,000, and was the first 
 church erected in the township There is a large and 
 •wealthy congregation, who give it a hearty support. 
 
 In the Bord of supervisors the township has been ably 
 represented by the following named gentlemen : C. M. 
 Leach was selected in 1854 and served one year, and was 
 followed by Robert S. Blackburn in 1855, who also served 
 one term. Samuel Leotard was elected in 1856 and served 
 twelve consecutive years and was chairman of the Board 
 from 1858 to 1862, both inclusive. Benham Bristol was 
 elected in 1868 and served until 1870, when Henry W. Tay- 
 lor served two terms. John Glandon was chosen as Mr. 
 Taylor's successor in 1872, and has been re-elected annually 
 ever since, being not only the present incumbent, but also 
 chairman of the Board for 1882. The number of improved 
 farms in the township is 153, and the population 1,135, as 
 shown by the census of 1880. The township was named after 
 the village, when the county adopted township organization 
 in 1853. 
 
 BROOKLYN VILLAGE. 
 
 On the south bank of Crooked creek, on a rolling piece 
 of ground sloping gradually towards the stream, is the little 
 village of Brooklyn, with pleasant homes nestled beneath 
 the shade of elm and maple. The well-kept lawns and 
 beds of flowers, surrounded by neat fences, bespeak the good 
 taste of its inhabitants. It is situated in the westt rn part 
 of the township and occupies the southea-t quarter of section 
 20; and was laid out by William C. Ralls, October 26, 1836, 
 and surveyed and platted by Allen Persinger, the county 
 surveyor. It was named by its founder in honor of the city 
 of Brooklyn, N. Y. It has never had a corporate exist- 
 ence. The first house, a rude log cahin, was built in the 
 early part of 1832 by William (J. Ralls, who soon afterward 
 built several more for the accommodation of his hands en- 
 gaged in building the mill. Mr. Ralls also kept the first 
 store as early as 1832. The post office was established about 
 the year 1840, and William Horney was the first postmaster. 
 The first blacksmith was a man named Redfitld who worked 
 at the trade as early as 1832, and a few years later Samuel 
 Holloway opened a shop in the town. The first mill was 
 built and operated by William C. Ralls, and has been as 
 45 
 
 fully described as the facts in our possession will permit. 
 The first physician in the village, as well as in the township, 
 was Dr. James Blackburn. William Lewis was the first 
 Justice of the Peace, not only of the village but of the town- 
 ship. A Miss Dodds was the first teacher in the village. 
 She taught in a small frame building in the summer of 1844, 
 and was employed by Mr. William Lewis. The first church 
 built in the village was the Methodist, in 1866, and is still 
 used by the congregation. The present pastor is Rev. N. 
 H. Kane. There was formerly a cooper shop carried on by 
 David Shanks, but he has long since passed away. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. — CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS. 
 
 Flouring Mill. — This mill was built in 1842, on the south 
 bank of Crooked creek, near the site of the old mill of Wil- 
 liam C. Ralls, by William Lewis and George M. Wells. It 
 is a good, substantial, three-story frame building, being fur- 
 nished with three run of burrs, two used for wheat, and the 
 third for corn. A good dam spans the creek and furnishes 
 a water supply sufficient to run the mill at all seasons of 
 the year. It is strictly a custom mil), and has been sold for 
 $16,000. It is undergoing repairs, being refitted and furnish- 
 ed with all the latest improvements. Mr. John Glandon, one 
 of the enterprising citizens of the township, bought it re- 
 cently, and is having the changes made. It will be worth at 
 least $10,000 when the contemplated improvements are 
 made. It is the most important industrial establishment in 
 the township. 
 
 General Stores. — Taylor & Hite, Blackburn & Bissell. 
 
 Drugs. — W. H. McCamish. 
 
 Physicians. — George Willis and J. E. Camp. 
 
 Blacksmith. — O. P. Jackson. 
 
 Wagon Maker. — J. C Strong. 
 
 Carpenters. — Orville Blackburn and Bryson Blackburn. 
 
 Undertaker. — Jackson & Pelsor. 
 
 Cabinet Maker. — George Pelsor. 
 
 Barber. — Thomas Atchley. 
 
 Milliner. — Mrs. Mary Brickman. 
 
 Dressmaker. — Mrs. Sarah Mullen. 
 
 Watchmaker. — C. L. Bissell. 
 
 The Presbyterian Church has a neat frame edifice, with a 
 spire, and enjoys the services and company of a resident pas- 
 tor, Rev, D. T. McAuley. Their building was erected in 
 1866. A public school is maintained eight months in the 
 year, in a neat and commodious frame building. No liquor 
 is sold in the village, and peace and good order are leading 
 characteristics of its inhabitants.
 
 LEE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 BROWN COUNTY. 
 
 ♦ V o ■ *. * 
 
 S situated in the central-western part of the 
 county, its northern boundary being the 
 base line of the original survey. It re- 
 ceived its ' name in honor of the Lees, 
 who were among the first settlers of this 
 portion of the county. For general pro- 
 ductiveness' and depth of soil, there U 
 probably no body of land within the boun- 
 daries of the county that surpasses it. 
 Six's Prairie constitutes nearly two-thirds 
 of the territory, the main body of it lying in the north and 
 west. A portion of this prairie belt extends through that 
 part of the township lying between Dry Fork, and a trib- 
 utary of Well's Fork, and is commonly known as Walker's 
 Neck, receiving its name from an early settler by the name 
 of Walker, who settled not far from what is now the town of 
 Mount Pleasant. Six's Prairie was so called from the pio- 
 neer, " Jack " Six, who was the first to locate upon it It 
 extends into Mt. Sterling township, and it was here that he 
 first settled, and commenced to pave the way for a future 
 livelihood. This prairie surface is composed of a deep allu- 
 vial soil, and peculiarly adapted to the production of corn. 
 Indeed, it is claimed that this township produces about one- 
 half the corn raised in the county. There are three small 
 timber tracts, one lying in the east along the banks of Dry 
 Fork, another in the south and west contiguous to Well's 
 Fork, and a small belt in the northwest. Thisland is more 
 or less broken, but with the exception of a few acres, it is 
 excellent for wheat culture. Dry Fork is a tributary of 
 McKee's creek, and heads in section ten, flows in a south 
 easterly direction and passes out in section twenty-five. 
 Well's F^rk rises north of the center of the township, 
 takes a southerly course, and also discharges its waters into 
 McKee's creek. Other small branches abound, constituting 
 in all a fair surface drainage. The Wabash, St. Louis, and 
 Pacific railroad extends through the northern part of the 
 township from east to west, entering upon section twelve, 
 and crossing the base line into Pea Ridge in section six. 
 Mound Station is situated on this road, while Mount Pleas- 
 ant, another small town, is centrally located. The little 
 town of Buckhorn lies in the extreme south in section thirty- 
 four. Lee is a full township, containing thirty-six sections, 
 and is bounded on the north by Pea Ridge township, on 
 the east by Mt. Sterling, south by Buckhorn, and west by 
 the county of Adams. According to the census of 1880, 
 it contained a population of 1465 inhabitants. Mrs. Cath- 
 erine Thomas was then the oldest inhabitant, being 87 years 
 of age. 
 
 354 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The honor of having been the first settler belongs to 
 William McDaniel who located here in the spring of 1833. 
 On first coming to Illinois he settled in section 17, on the 
 present site of the city of Mt. Sterling in 1828, and was 
 the second pioneer of that township. In the spring of 
 1830, he sold out his improvement to Alexander Curry, 
 and moved to this part of the county. He located in sec- 
 tion five, on the land now owned by the widow and heirs 
 of Isham Scoggin. Being of a restless turn of mind, he 
 remained here but a short time, when he again "pulled 
 up stakes " and moved with his family to the state of Mis- 
 souri. Several settlements were made the same year, one by 
 a young Kentuckian named Walker, familiarly called 
 «' Jerry " by the early settlers. He was a single man, but 
 commenced an improvement on the northeast quarter of 
 section 22. He erected a small cabin, living by himself, and 
 improving his place as well as he could single handed. He 
 remained here but a few years, when he moved to the 
 state of Texas. This portion of the township was called 
 Walker's Neck in honor of its first settler. David Sackett 
 came in the same year, and located in section three. He 
 was an eastern man, and his family consisted of but his wife. 
 His stay was of a transient character, only remaining two 
 or three years, when he moved further west. He built the 
 only sod fence in the county, and one old settler says that 
 it was only useful in fortifying against the frog* and rat- 
 tle snakes. Rjmnants of it might have been seen ai late as 
 1851. The place where he located is a low flat piece of 
 ground, marshy in places, and in an early day was almost 
 impassable for the emigrant teams, and it became widely 
 known as "Sackett's Harbor. " It was the favorite home 
 of the green headed fly and rattle snake, and it is said that 
 the former were so numerous and blood thirsty, that horses 
 and cattle became almost frantic while passing. Another 
 pioneer of 1830, was Abraham Brunk, who came from the 
 south, and settled in section five. He had but a small family 
 at his coming, and like the rest of the early settlers was in 
 meagre circumstances. He remained here but a year or so, 
 when he moved to Pea Ridge township. He went to Cali- 
 fornia during the gold fever excitement, where he died. But 
 one of the family is a resident of the county, the widow 
 Nolan, who lives in Pea Ridge. In the fall of 1830, Isaac 
 Lee came from Morgan county and put up a pole cabin pre- 
 paratory to moving his family the following spring. The 
 house was built in section 19, a description of which will 
 not be inappropriate in this connection. Its size was 16x18
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 355 
 
 feet, and the logs or poles were selected from the small hick- 
 ories, and of a convenient size for two men and a boy to 
 handle. The floor was constructed of puncheons, and the 
 door swung upon wooden hinges. The fire place and chim- 
 ney were of the kind so well-known to every old settler. In 
 the spring of 1831, Mr. Lee brought his family, moved into 
 his cabin, and commenced the life of a pioneer. He was 
 born in North Carolina, and was used to the hardships of 
 those early times. In 1814, he married Tamza Horn, and 
 thirteen years later moved to Tennessee, where he remained 
 one year. He then came to Illinois and first stopped in 
 Morgan county until his removal to Lee township in 1831, 
 as already stated. The family then consisted of his wife and 
 five children, William, Tamza, Melinda, Hetty A., and 
 Louisa. Mr. Lee improved a good farm and aided his chil- 
 dren in obtaining good homes. Mrs. Lee died about the 
 year 1857. The death of Mr. L. was six years later and 
 was attended with a heart-rending tragedy. After the 
 death of his wife, he remained at his old home, but took 
 his meals with his son, William, who lived near. Early on 
 Monday morning in 1863, his son, on looking towards his 
 father's house, discovered that it was not there, but the 
 smoke from the burning embers told him that a sad affair 
 had occurred during the night ; hastening to the spot, 
 nothing but the ashes of the building and the charred re- 
 mains of its occupant, were left to tell the tale of what was 
 probably a great crime. It was believed from certain evi- 
 dences, that the old gentleman had been murdered for his 
 money, and that the house was fired to cover the crime. 
 The deed is yet somewhat shrouded in mystery, perhaps 
 time will yet unfold the villainous plot. 
 
 There is but one of the family now residing in the county, 
 Esq. William Lee, and he is the oldest living early settler 
 in Lee township ; he resides on the old farm of his father, 
 in section 19. He is a representative man in the county, 
 having served one term as school commissioner, and in 
 1873, was elected county clerk, which office he filled four 
 years with credit to himself, and satisfaction to the people. 
 
 Another sett'er of 1831, was William J. Davis. He was 
 an emigrant from Virginia, and came to the state in 1830, 
 and during the winter of the deep snow, 1830 and '31, 
 stopped at Versailles and in the spring moved into Lee 
 township and located in section 6. He had a wife and three 
 children, Jackson G., Louisa, and Sophia. He died at the 
 old homestead about 1850. His sou, Jackson G., now 
 oeetipies the farm. Oliver Howes, a brother in-law of the 
 ahiwQ, came about the same time, and settled in section 6, 
 n/ir Davis ; he, also, was from Virginia, and his family 
 consisted of his wife and two daughters, Olive and Rhoda ; 
 he remained here until about 1870, when he moved to Clay- 
 ton in Adams county, where he died ; his widow and one 
 daughter, Olive, yet reside there. 
 
 Quite an accession was made to the little colony in 1832, 
 among whom were David Bush, Elijah Owens, Joseph and 
 Alexander Strahan, Peter Ausmus, John Beckman, William 
 Campbell and Thomas Davis. The former was a brother- 
 in-law"of Oliver Howes and William J. Davis, and came 
 from Virginia to Illinois with Howes and Davis, and first 
 
 stopped in another part of the state, but in the spring of 
 1832, he joined his relatives here, and located in the same 
 neighborhood. He was a married man, having a wife and 
 three children, Aaron, David and Calvin. He remained 
 but a short time when he removed to Adams county, and 
 thence to Iowa. A younger daughter, now the widow of 
 Taylor Smith, yet resides in the township. Elijah Owens 
 came from Tennessee, and settled in section 4. He had but 
 a small family, a wife and two sons, John and Thomas; he 
 died at his farm several years ago. None of the family are 
 now living in the county. The Strahans were from Ken- 
 tucky, and settled in section 7. Joseph was at the head of 
 a family, having a wife and two children. Alexander was 
 a single man. They remained here but a few years, when 
 they both moved to Texas. Peter Ausmus located in the 
 same section as the Strahans ; he also came from the South. 
 An elder son, Frederick, came at the same time and settled 
 in section 18. Both were heads of families. Peter had five 
 children, James, David, Jesse, Samuel and Rhoda. Fred, 
 erick had but two, Martha and Lavina. Both father and 
 son died here. G. \V. and M. L.. younger sons of Frederick, 
 reside in the township. John Beckman located in section 18. 
 He was a native of Kentucky, and came here with quite a 
 family. He moved to Minnesota a few years ago. One son, 
 William, is a resident of the county. William Campbell 
 came from Tennessee a single man, and subsequently married 
 Sarah McCormick, and located in section 6 ; he died at the 
 old farm about 1872; his widow survives him, and resides 
 at the homestead in section 6. Thomas Davis settled in the 
 same neighborhood ; he was also from Tennessee, and had a 
 family; he moved to the state of Missouri several years ago. 
 One of the oldest settlers living is William Thomas ; he was 
 born in Ohio, and came to this state with his parents when a 
 mere lad ; his father, George Thomas, came to the county in 
 1832, and located in what is now Pea Ridge township. The 
 family then consisted of his wife and seven children, Oliver, 
 Jane, William, Mary Amy, John and George, Jr., He moved 
 to Iowa about 1855. One son, William, above mentioned, 
 came into Lee township about 1850, and located in section 18, 
 where he yet resides, and is the only one of the family in the 
 county. Another prominent early settler is Dr. D. R Lucas, 
 a native of Butler county, Ohio. While a young man he went 
 to Indiana and commenced the study of medicine. In 1836 
 he came to Illinois and stopped at Mt. Sterling, and soon 
 afterward married Sarah Keith. From this union twelve 
 children have been born, nine of whom are yet living, all 
 residents of the county. William, the eldest, lives in section 
 19, and is a successful faimcr. The old doctor and his wife 
 are yet living at their home in section 17, a little south of 
 Mound Station. He is quite active for one of his age, and 
 is still a practicing physician. Among other early settlers 
 were, Anguish McFail, J. W. Edwards, the Jenningses, 
 Woods, the " old man," Shafer, Ward and others. 
 
 Four of the first land entries were made as fol- 
 lows : Francis Moran entered the southeast quarter of 
 section 1, October 6th, 1817 ; same date, John J. Dudley 
 entered the southeast quarter of section 3 ; same date, Wil- 
 liam Downs entered the northeast quarter of section 5 ;
 
 356 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 December 27th, IS 17, Philip Fagan entered the southeast 
 quarter of section 5. These were all military claims, and 
 were entered thirteen years prior to any settlement. The 
 first land improved and the first settlement made was in 
 section 6, by William McDaniel.ashas already been stated. 
 The first born was a child of Abraham Brunk,in 1830 or '31, 
 and the first death was Rhoda Howes, a daughter of Oliver 
 Howes, in 1833. She was buried in what is known as the 
 Howes' grave-yard in section 6. The first interment 
 here was an old lady by the name of Taylor. She was 
 brought from Pea Ridge township, and buried a short time 
 prior to the death of Rhoda Howes. This cemetery was 
 commenced some time before the road was laid out, so that 
 the highway makes a curve at this point in order to pass 
 around this city of the dead. It contains about an acre of 
 ground, but so many have been buried here that it will soon 
 have to be abandoned for burial purposes. The first benefit 
 of a school that the pioneer children received in the town- 
 ship, was in the winter of 1832 and '33. The teacher was 
 John Lester, and the school-house was situated just over the 
 line in Adams county, close to the northwest corner of sec- 
 tion 6, on the land of Jackson G. Davis. John Ausmus 
 preached the first sermon at the log house of Peter Ausmus, 
 in the summer of 183 i. The congregation gathered under 
 a tree that was situated in the yard, and it was here that 
 they first listened to the teaching of the gospel in their new 
 fouud home. Elder Ausmus was of the faith known in those 
 days as Vie Emancipating Baptist. Apropos of the fore 
 going we will here relate a little anecdote that is given by 
 the old settlers. The house or cabin of Peter Ausmus was 
 the favorite resort for these early gatherings. One Sunday, 
 after most of the congregation had assembled, a disagreeable 
 scratching and fussing was heard in the loft of the cabin. 
 The hens had been allowed to go there and made their nest. 
 The noise was nothing uncommon, nor would it have been 
 out of the way if it had not been Sunday, and a quiet audience 
 waiting below. It became more and more annoying until 
 " Old '* Peter broke out with, " Dave, go into the loft and 
 kick that old hen's tail feathers till her nose bleeds !" It 
 was like a thunder clap from a clear sky, but every one pre- 
 sent knew it was only one of Pe'er's oddities. 
 
 The first church hou3e was built in 1836, and entitled the 
 Old Bethel Church. It was a hewed log building 20x24 
 feet in size, and was situated in section 18, on the land now 
 owned by William Watters. It remained here for many 
 years, until it nearly fell to pieces from decay, when it was 
 torn down, and the sounder timber used for other purposes. 
 It was built under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal 
 society. The first justice of the peace was Harvey Lester. 
 The second was William Lee. Thomas Davis was also among 
 the first. The first resident physician was Dr. D. R. Lucas 
 The first to practice medicine among the pioneers was Dr. 
 Dearborn, who then resided in Elkhorn. The first post- 
 office was established about 1832, at the private house of 
 V illiin) J. Davis in section 6. Davis was the postmaster, 
 and it was called Davis' posti ffice. The second was es- 
 tablished at the residence of William Lee, he being post- 
 master, and was called Walker's Neck. Michael Flanders 
 
 was the first blacksmith, and his shop was located in section 
 18, on the premises now owned by R. J. Osborn. This was 
 about 1839 or '40. The smith and shop have long since dis- 
 appeared. Prior to this the people went into Adams county 
 to get the smithing done. The first mill was erected l»y 
 Jack Six in 1834. It was what is known as a horse mill, 
 and was situated in section 7, on the farm now owned by 
 Mrs. Marshall. Its capacity was about 25 bushels of meal 
 daily. It was the custom in those days for every customer 
 to furnish his own horse to do the grinding. It stood here 
 for some years, and wa3 a very convenient auxiliary to the 
 community. The first goods were sold by Col. E. W. B. 
 Newby about 1831. His store w.vs situated at Mount 
 Pleasant. He sold out in a short time to S. C. Raymond, 
 who brought on a large stock of goods, and made it one of 
 the principal trading points in the county. 
 
 Supervisors. — The following named persons have repre- 
 sen'ed the township on the county board since township or- 
 ganization : S. C. Raymond was elected in 1854, and served 
 one term; John Maltby was elected in 1855, and served 
 until 1859. The last term he was chairman of the board ; 
 John L. Briggs was his successor, and served one term ; 
 William Campbell, elected in I860, served one term ; Ishatn 
 Scoggin, elected in 1861 ; Alexander Hedrick, elected in 
 1862 ; William Campbell, re-elected in 1863 ; King Kerley, 
 elected in 1864 ; and served five terms ; Lewis Briggs, elected 
 in 1869; Alexander Orr, elected in ^70, and served three 
 terms ; Daniel M. Sides, elected in 1873 ; King Kerley, re- 
 elected in 1874, and served four terms, and was appointed 
 chairman of the_ board for the years 1875 and 1877 ; 
 Lewis Briggs, re-elected in 1879, and served two terms; 
 King Kerley, elected in 1881, re-elected in 1882, and is the 
 present incumbent. The county poor farm is situated in this 
 township, and from its general appearance, one would con- 
 clude that those who have the misfortune to ask the aid of 
 the county for support, are well cared for. A more detailed 
 account of which will be found in the Civil chapter. 
 
 MOUND STATION 
 
 is situated on the Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific railway, 
 and is so named from the elevated ground in the prairie, 
 about a mile northwest of the town. It was laid out by 
 Martin McNitt, the 19th of November, 1862, and lies partly 
 in sections 4 and 5. The first business house was erected by 
 Martin McNitt in 1861. It is a frame, two stories high, 
 and situated on Marion street. The Masonic Hall ocevtoies 
 the second story. The store room is now used by the qrm 
 of Manny & Williams. The first house built for a dwelling 
 was in the same year as the above, and was erected by John 
 D. Patterson. It has since been improved, and is now a 
 good house for a private residence. 
 
 Incorporation — A vote was taken to incorporate the town 
 in January, 1865. The first elected officers were, Chas. Mc- 
 Gee, President of the Board ; John M. Long, William 
 Dreisegaher, J. F. Gant, and David Gristy. W. T. Hobbs 
 was appointed Clerk ; M. M. McNitt, Supervisor ; R. F. 
 Tainter, Constable; and W. C. Manny, Treasurer. The 
 present officers are, T. C. Laughlin, President ; R. D. Long,
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 357 
 
 Dr. Geo. D. Lucas, Henry Hodgson, Wm. H. Bullraan, 
 Members of the Board ; Clerk, Wm. N. Mumford ; Police 
 Magistrate, Geo. W. Ebey ; Street Commissioner, Wm. R. 
 Bond ; Treasurer, S. D. Miller; Town Constable, Wm. A. 
 Smith. The town contains two good frame church build- 
 ings, the Methodist Episcopal and Christian. Both have 
 spires and bells, and in several respects are in advance of 
 the town. This is a good shipping point for hay, grain, and 
 fruit. The estimated population is about 300. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 Mound Station Steam Flouring Hill, owned and operated 
 by J. N. Robinson. This mill was built by John N. Arras 
 in 1867. It is a frame huilding, two stories high, and attic, 
 and is situated in the west part of the town, south of the 
 railroad. It is purely a custom mill, with two run of burrs, 
 and has the capacity of manufacturing 30 barrels of flour 
 and 100 bushels of meal in twenty-four hours. Two men 
 are employed. 
 
 Hay Presses. — S. C. Raymond operates two portable 
 presses, and when in full running order presses ten tons per 
 day, giving employment to 6 men and 2 teams. He ships 
 mainly to St. Louis. John Lee owns and operates three 
 presses, two stationary and one portable. They have a 
 capacity of pressing five tons of hay each, daily, and when 
 in operation ten men and three teams are employed. The 
 hay barns have a capacity of storing about 40 tons of hay 
 each. Mr. Lee ships his product to St. Louis. 
 
 The other business men are : 
 
 General Stores.— Manny & Williams, W. O. Whipple & 
 Co., S. D. Millen. 
 
 Hardware and Tinware. — C. Weaver & Co. 
 
 Physicians. — W. T. Hobbs, Geo. D. Lucas, Augustus 
 Mumford. 
 
 Meat Market. — Bennett & Swindel. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — R. D. Long, Jean Sullivan. 
 
 Shoe Shop. — David Prettyruan. 
 
 Postmaster. — W. O. Whipple. 
 
 Contractor and Builder. — George Bradney. 
 
 Painters and Glaziers. — Hudson & Sons. 
 
 Lumber Yard. — W. O. Whipple. 
 
 Insurance Agent. — James Davidson. 
 
 The manufacture of pottery was once quite an industry 
 here, but has been recently abandoned. 
 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 Kendrick Lodge, No. 430, A. F. and A. M , was chartered 
 October 4th, 1865. For two years prior to this it operated 
 under a dispensation, so at the time of the granting of the 
 charter 28 members were recorded. The total numter who 
 have taken the three degrees is 70 ; whole number enrolled, 
 89. The Lodge meets in Masonic Hall every Saturday 
 night, on or before the full of the moon. It is out of debt, 
 and has money in the treasury. 
 
 MOUNT PLEASANT 
 
 is a little town situated nearly central in the township, being 
 a part of the S. E. J of section 16. It was laid out by Wil- 
 liam Frank, and placed of record the 6th of May, 1857. It 
 is also known as Raymond, or at least appears as such on 
 the records. Prior to the construction of the railroad, this 
 was the business center of the township. Mr. S. C. Ray- 
 mond had an immense stock of goods here for a little inland 
 town, and his customers came from miles around. It was at 
 this point that the first goods, were sold in the township. 
 But the iron horse came booming through the land a little 
 north of it, and lo ! Mt. Pleasant had to bite the dust. A 
 few houses, and about fifty inhabitants still cluster around 
 this nearly extinct town. The only business is an under- 
 taker's shop, conducted by Edward S. Frank, and a black- 
 smith shop kept by Fred. Arnold. A neat little church 
 house helps to adorn the town. Situated about a half mile 
 south of the town is a genuine curiosity for this day of steam 
 power. It is one of the old-fashioned inclined tread wheel 
 grist mill. Two of these wheels are utilized, one on each 
 side of the mill proper. It is operated by the use of oxen, 
 horses, cows, mules, or anything else that can be driven on 
 and give weight. It is owned and operated by John Miller. 
 
 BUCKHORN 
 
 is another little town situated in the southern part of the 
 township in sections 34 and 35. It was laid out by John L. 
 Briggs, the 14th of March, 1862, and now contains a popu- 
 lation of about 75 persons. The business is one general 
 store, kept by Daniel Sides, and who is also postmaster. 
 Blacksmiths, Alexander Hedrick, and Patrick Savage. 
 Cooper, M. Kinney. For additional history relating to the 
 churches and schools, see special chapters in this work.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 ^^ ^ r 
 
 
 \\ 
 
 WILLIAM LEE. 
 
 Among the old residents of Brown county, none better 
 deserve mention in this work than William Lee. He has 
 lived in the county since 1£31. In honor of his family, Lee 
 township received its name. His ancestors were early set- 
 tlers of Virginia, and from there his grandfather, Hillary 
 Lee, removed to North Carolina. His father was Isaac 
 Lee. His mother, whose maiden name was Tamza Horn, 
 was born in Maryland, though a resident of Rowan county, 
 North Carolina, at the time of her marriage. William Lee 
 •was the oldest of six children, and was born in Rowan county, 
 North Carolina, on the 9th October, 1816. The first eleven 
 years of his life were spent in his native state, and then in 
 the fall of 1827, the family moved to Warren county, Tenn., 
 where they remained one year. In the fall of the next year, 
 1828, the family came to Illinois, and first settled on Indian 
 creek, east of Jacksonville, in Morgan county. They lived 
 there two years, but owned no land. 
 
 In the autumn of 1830 his father entered land in sections 
 eighteen and nineteen of township one south, range four 
 west, then a part of Schuyler county. The same fall a rude 
 358 
 
 house was corstructed, into which the family moved the fol- 
 lowing spring. This dwelling was built of logs and poles, 
 and was such a structure as could be erected by his father, 
 with the only help of Esq. Lee, then a boy of fifteen. The 
 subject of this biography went to school as he had oppor- 
 tunity in North Carolina and Tennessee. He attended school 
 three winters in Morgan county, and had good instruction in 
 one or two schools after coming to what is now Brown county. 
 His home was with his father till he was grown to manhood. 
 On the 9th of May, 1839, he married Mary Ann Thomas, 
 who was born in Switzerland county, Indiana. Her father 
 was George Thomas. After his marriage, he engaged in 
 farming on his own account in township one south, range four 
 west, of which he has since been a resident, with the excep- 
 tion of six years, during which he has lived in Mt. Sterling. 
 The first position of honor which Esq. Lee held was at the 
 age of nineteen, when he was elected lieutenant of a militia 
 company belonging to the old state militia organization. 
 After two or three years of service as lieutenant he was elected 
 | captain. The only other military office which he filled was
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 359 
 
 DANIEL R. LUCAS, M. D. 
 
 Dr. Lucas, of Lee township, has been engaged in the 
 practice of medicine in^Brown county longer than any other 
 physician now in the county. The family from which he is 
 descended was of England origin. His great grandfather, 
 an Englishman by birth, on coming to America settled at 
 Richmond, Virginia, then a town recently started, and 
 practiced medicine there till his death. Samuel Lucas, the 
 
 during the war of the rebellion, when he was captain of a 
 company of home militia, organized in this county. The first 
 civil office to which he was elected was that of constable. 
 This was about the year 1840. He filled this position eight 
 years, and was then elected justice of the peace- His service 
 as magistrate was long and honorable, and covered more than 
 a quarter of a century. At the expiration of his last term 
 as justice of the peace, he was elected police magistrate at 
 Mound Station, and acted as such four years. By appoint- 
 ment of the Board of Supervisors, he filled the position of 
 School Commissioner of Brown county one year. For a pe- 
 riod of fifteen years he was postmaster of the Walker's Neck 
 post-office. The office was kept at his house, on section 
 eighteen of Lee township, and was discontinued on the build- 
 ing of the railroad and the establishment of a post-office at 
 Mound Station. In November, 1873, he was elected Clerk 
 of the County Court of Brown county, and filled this position 
 for a term of four years. Beside these positions, since the 
 organization of Lee township, he has at various times filled a 
 number of township offices, such as assessor, treasurer, and 
 clerk. For four or five years he was in the drug business at 
 Mound Station, but mostly through life his attention has been 
 devoted to farming. 
 
 The land which his father entered in 1830 forms part of 
 his present farm. The names of his five children are as fol- 
 low : — Cordelia M., wife of William H. Davis, of Lee town- 
 ship; Elizabeth Ellen, who died at the age of sixteen; Het- 
 tie Ann, wife of Dr. Thomas A. Davison, of Adams county ; 
 William H. Lee, engaged in farming in Lee township ; and 
 George H. Lee, in 1882 superintendent of schools in Brown 
 county. 
 
 Since old enough to exercise the right of suffrage, he has 
 been an earnest and sincere supporter of the principles 
 of the Democratic party, with which he has always acted 
 when political issues were involved. He has been a mem- 
 ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1837. His wife 
 became connected with the church at about the same date. 
 For some years he has been a member of Kendrick Masonic j 
 Lodge, No. 430, at Mound Station. With possibly one ex- 
 ception, he is the earliest settler of Lee township now liv- j 
 ing. The numerous positions of trust and honor to which 
 he has been chosen, speak well for the regard in which he is 
 held by his fellow-citizens. 
 
 grandfather of Dr. Lucas, was born in Virginia. He emi- 
 grated to the new and unsettled country west of the moun- 
 tains, now included in the state of West Virginia, and was 
 there killed by the Indians. John Lucas, father of the 
 subject of this biography, was also a native of Virginia. 
 He was sixteen years old at the time of the breaking out of 
 the revolutionary war and enlisted in the Virginia troops 
 who were employed in fighting the Indians on the fron- 
 tier of the state. He was in the army six years. After 
 the conclusion of the war he was one of that pioneer band 
 who made the first settlement in Kentucky, driving away 
 the Indians, and opening up the way for civilization. He 
 moved to Butler county, Ohio, in the year 1798, and was 
 one of the first settlers of that part of Ohio, and died in 
 1836. His life had been spent on the frontier, and he was 
 the participant in many a conflict with the Indians. 
 
 Daniel R. Lucas, the youngest of twelve children, was 
 born in Butler county, Ohio, on the 21st of March, 1810. 
 His home was under the same roof under which he was born 
 till he came to this state at the age of twenty-six. His ed- 
 ucation he obtained in the schools of the neighborhood. He 
 began the study of medicine in the year 1833, and after 
 qualifying himself for the practice of the profession he de- 
 termined to select a location in some state farther west. At 
 the beginning of the year 1836 he left Ohio, and after a 
 short stay in Indiana, he reached Mt. Sterling in the spring 
 • if the same year, and here began his medical practice. Mt. 
 Sterling was then a small place, and then in Schuyler coun- 
 ty, the county of Brown not yet having been organized. 
 After a year of two he moved to the neighborhood of Rip- 
 ley. He subsequently became a resident of Lee township 
 where he has since lived, with the exception of the 
 summer of 1851 when he resided in Texas. He has been 
 continuously engaged in the practice of medicine for forty- 
 six years. In September, 1836, after coming to this county 
 he married Sarah Ann Keith, who was born in Hardin 
 county, Kentucky. He has nine children living, all resid- 
 ing in the county, whose names are William, Newton, Mary, 
 George W., John H, Ethan Allen, Daniel W., Benjamin 
 Franklin, and James Edward. George W. Lucas served 
 three years in the Third Missouri Cavalry regiment during 
 the war of the rebellion, and is now practicing at Mound 
 Station. 
 
 His first vote for President was cast for Gen. Harrison in 
 1 840. He was loyal to the principles of the Whig party as 
 long as it had an existence, but before the war became a 
 Republican, and has acted as such ever since. He was the 
 first probate judge of Brown county, being elected to the 
 office of probate justice of the peace on the organization of 
 the county. On the establishment of the old Walker's Neck 
 post office, in the western part of the county, he was ap- 
 pointed the first postmaster, and filled that position for some 
 time. He also served one term as justice of the peace. Beside 
 the practice of medicine, he has been largely engaged in 
 farming and is one of the largest land owners of Lee 
 township. He is the owner of four hundred and ninety acres 
 of land. His farm is composed of four hundred acres.
 
 360 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Capt. S. D. Nokes was born in Franklin county, New 
 York, on the 11th of February, 1835. His father, John 
 Nokes, and his mother, whose maiden name was Hannah 
 Tworabley, were both natives of Vermont. He was the 
 fourth of thirteen children. In the fall of 1843 his father 
 moved with the family to Illinois and settled near Mount 
 Pleasant, in township one south, range four west, of Brown 
 county. His father afterward moved to Iowa, and is now 
 living in Missouri. Capt. Nokes received his education in 
 the district schools of Lee township. On the 27th 
 of July, 1854, he married Anna Jane Dodd, who was born in 
 Adams county. He then went to farming on his own account 
 in Lee township. In the year 1859 he spent some months in 
 the Rocky Mountains near Pike's peak. 
 
 He served in the Union army during the war of the rebel- 
 lion. On the 9th of August, 1862, he enlisted in the One 
 Hundred and Nineteenth regiment Illinois Volunteers, 
 companies E and D, which were raised in Brown county. 
 On the organization of company E he was elected second 
 lieutenant. The regiment was for a great part of the time 
 with the right wing of the Sixteenth Army Corps under the 
 command of Gen. A. J. Smith. From Quincy the regiment 
 was dispatched to Columbus, Kentucky, and for the first 
 year was mostly employed on guard duty on the railroad from 
 Columbus to Jackson, Tennessee. In the fall of 1863 the 
 regiment was on duty in Memphis and vicinity ; from Mem- 
 
 phis the following spring was sent down to Vicksburg, and 
 was with Sherman on his Meridian raid in the early part of 
 1864. The regiment was subsequently sent to reinforce 
 Gen. Banks who was engaged on his Red river expedition. 
 Capt. Nokes was in the engagement at Pleasant Hill, Loui- 
 siana, and the fights and marches that followed immediately 
 afterward. In the fight of Yellow Bayou he with eight 
 others of the company, was wounded. He was shot through 
 the leg with a minnie ball. This wound necessitated his 
 absence from his command six weeks, part of which time 
 was spent in the hospital at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. 
 The latter pirtof July, 1864, he rejoined his regiment, and 
 was in the fight with the rebel General Forrest at Tupelo, 
 Mississippi. He was commissioned by Gov. Yates Captain, 
 on the 18th of September, 1864, and had command of 
 company E till the close of the war. Late in the fall of 
 1864 the regiment was sent to Missouri, and was employed 
 for a time in the pursuit of Gen. Price, and was then con- 
 veyed to Nashville, Tennessee, where the men arrived in time 
 to take part in the fight with Hood. After being stationed 
 for a time at Eastport, Mississippi, the regiment was sent to 
 Dauphin island whence operations were carried on about 
 Mobile. In the last battle of the war, the capture of Fort 
 Blakeley in Mobile harbor, Cap. Nokes and his company 
 participated. The regiment was in service in Alabama till 
 the 26th of August, 1865, when the men were mustered
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 361 
 
 out at Mobile. They were discharged at Springfield in this 
 state on the following 9th of September. 
 
 On his return to Brown county Capt. Nokes resumed 
 farming. His farm residence, on section thirty of Lee 
 township, is one of the best in the county. He is largely 
 interested in the raising of fruit. Of his nine children six 
 are living : Elmira, Mary, Carrie, Oscar, Birdie, and Grant. 
 In his politics he is a Republican. 
 
 JOHN W. MOORE. 
 
 John W. Moore, a resident of Lee township, is a native 
 of Bloomington, Monroe county, Indiana, and was bom on 
 the 15th of August, 1847. His father, Samuel A. Moore, 
 was born in Iredell county, North Carolina ; came to Indi- 
 ana at the age of thirteen, grew up in that State, and mar- 
 ried Sarah Margaret Goodnight, a native of Lincoln county, 
 Kentucky. He removed from Indiana to Adams county, 
 Illinois, in 1849, and now resides in the northeastern part 
 of Adams county. The subject of this sketch was the 
 oldest of a family of eight children. He was about two 
 years old at the time of the removal of the family to this 
 State. He was raised in Adams county. He attended the 
 common schools, and at the age of twenty-one entered Ab- 
 ingdon college, in Kuox county. After pursuing a course 
 of study for f>ur years in that institution, he graduated with 
 the degree of Bachelor of Science At the age of nineteen 
 he had begun teaching in Adams county, and at that time 
 taught trwo terms. He also taught one year in Abingdon 
 college. During the winter of 1873-1874 he taught school 
 at Mound Station. In 1874 he purchased land which forms 
 part of the farm on which he now lives. He bought addi- 
 tional land in 187G, and that year erected buildings. On 
 the 11th of January, 1877, he married Miss M. Ada Byram, 
 a native of Abingdon, Knox county. He has two children, 
 Carrie Elva, and Samuel Edward. In his politics he has 
 always been a Democrat. He cast his first Presidential 
 vote for Horatio Seymour, in 1868. He is an active and 
 enterprising farmer, handles large quantities of hogs, and is 
 especially interested in rai ing fine grades of stock. He has 
 bred short horns from the time he first came to the county, 
 His farm is composed of two hundred and forty acres. As 
 one of the younger agriculturists and business men of 
 Brown county, his name is given a place in this work. 
 
 KING KERLEY. 
 
 Kino Kerley was born in Macon, (then Sumner) 
 county, Tennessee, on the 25th of September, 1814 ; his 
 father, William Kerley, was born in South Carolina, moved 
 to Kentucky with his father when three years old, and 
 afterwards to Tennessee, where he married Jane Carr ; 
 daughter of King Carr, who was a Virginian by birth. The 
 subject of this sketch was the fourth of ten children. In 
 June, 1836, then in his twenty-second year, he enlisted in 
 the second Tennessee regiment of mounted men, and served 
 46 
 
 six months in the Seminole war in Florida ; he was in three 
 considerable engagements, in the last of which, at Wahoo 
 swamp, he was shot through the left thigh. March, 1837, 
 he married Elizabeth Brown, a native of the same county 
 with himself. He served as major in the Tennessee militia ; 
 March, 1842, he was elected sheriff of Macon county, Ten- 
 nessee, and was the first sheriff elected after the organization 
 of the county ; he ran as a Democrat, and defeated his whig 
 opponent, Colonel Jefferson Bratton, by one vote ; he was 
 re elected in 1844; May, 1846,. he enlisted in the First Ten- 
 nessee regiment for service in the Mexican war ; he was a 
 lieutenant ; he served one year, and was in the battles of 
 Monterey, Vera Cruz, and Cerro Gordo. August 1847, he 
 was elected a member of the Tennessee legislature for 
 Macon county. In 1851 he came to Illinois, and settled in 
 Lee township of Brown county ; he was the first assessor 
 of Lee township after the adoption of township organiza- 
 tion, and held the office five years ; in 1856 he was elected 
 a member of the legislature from Brown and Pike counties, 
 and was re-elected in 1858 ; he was again chosen a member 
 of the General Assembly from Brown and Cass counties in 
 1864. He was first elected a member of the Board of Su- 
 pervisors in 1864, and at that time served four terms in suc- 
 cession ; he was afterward supervisor in 1874-75-76-77-81, 
 and '82 ; he is a Democrat in politics. His first wife died 
 in February, 1852, and he was married to Amanda J. Pell 
 in December, 1854; she was born in Logan county, Ken- 
 tucky ; he had three children by his first marriage, of whom 
 one is living, and eight by his second marriage, of whom 
 four are living. 
 
 ALLEN WEBB 
 
 Was born in Madison county, Kentucky, July 25th, 1820, 
 and was the oldest of five children of Joshua and Letty 
 (Howard) Webb. His ancestors were Virginians. He was 
 raised in the county of his nativity. The schools of the 
 neighborhood were poor, his father was in limited circum- 
 stances, and Mr Webb, who, as a boy, was stout and vigor- 
 ous, was kept at home to assist in work on the farm. It 
 thus happened that he had only six months schooling. He 
 acquired his education by himself, after he was grown. At 
 nineteen he became an apprentice to the blacksmith trade, 
 at which, after learning the business, he worked thirteen 
 years in Kentucky. February 18th, 1844, he married Emily 
 Jane Oliver, of Madison county, Kentucky. In the spring 
 of 1851 he left Kentucky with the intention of settling in 
 Missouri. He owned at that time a wagon and team, and 
 had seven hundred dollars in money. Stopping at Mt. 
 Sterling, he rased a crop of corn in the summer of 1851, 
 on land now included in the site of the town. In '52, he 
 settled in Pea Ridge township. He subsequently became a 
 resident of L> e township, where he now owns a farm of 220 
 acres, which, for improvements, will compare well with other 
 farms in the county. 
 
 His first wife died May 1st, 1865. On the 12th of April, 
 1866, he married as his second wife Martha A. Harper,
 
 362 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 daughter of Stephen Harper. He has had eleven children : 
 Othniel, who died at the age of twenty-seven ; Mary Jane, 
 wife of William Rabb ; Elizabeth Almarine, and Sarah Al- 
 len, twins, who died in infancy ; Almarine, who married 
 James Long, and is now deceased ; John Allen, now living 
 in Washington county, Kansas; Emerine, wife of Alexander 
 Parker ; and Isaac Oliver, who resides in Linn county, Mis- 
 souri ; Josephus ; William, now deceased ; and Sarah Eli- 
 zabeth, deceased. The last named was by his second mar- 
 riage. He was first a Whig, and in 1844 voted for Henry 
 Clay for President. He has been a Republican from the 
 organization of the party. While living in a slave state, he 
 was opposed to slavery, and voted there for a congressional 
 candidate who ran on the platform of the emancipation of 
 the slaves. He has been a member of the Christian Church 
 from the age of twenty-five years. He helped organize 
 the Christian Church at Mound Station, of which he is now 
 a member, and liberally assisted in the erection of the church 
 building. 
 
 ANGUS McPHAIL. 
 
 One of the few native born Scotchmen in Brown county 
 is Angus McPhail, a well-known resident of Lee township. 
 He was born in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, on the 25th 
 of April, 1810. His father, Angus McPhail, was born in Mull, 
 one of the western islands of Scotland and served an appren- 
 ticeship of seven years at the mercantile business in Glasgow, 
 which, however, he followed afterward to so great extent. 
 The subject of this biography was raised in the city of Glas- 
 gow. He was an active boy, fond of out door life, and always 
 disliked the confinement of the school room. At the age of 
 seven he was plaeed under the care of his uncle, who had a 
 large cotton factory in Glasgow. At nine he began an ap- 
 prenticeship of seven years to the tailor's business. After 
 learning his trade he traveled through England, Ireland, 
 and Scotland, working in different towns and cities as a 
 journeyman, and gratifying a roving disposition, which was 
 part of his nature. At twenty-one he settled down in busi- 
 ness as a tailor in Glasgow. 
 
 In the fall of 1832 he married Mary Crawford. In 1834 
 he emigrated to America. Sailing from Greenock in April 
 he landed at New York city in June. His family then con- 
 sisted of a wife and one child. From New York he went to 
 Toronto in Upper Canada, where he began business as a 
 tailor. He purchased property in that city, but the rebel- 
 lion of 1837 in Canada, with which he sympathized, made 
 desirable his removal to another locality. He witnessed the 
 hanging of Lount and Matthews at Toronto, and other im- 
 
 portant incidents connected with the unfortunate and unsuc- 
 cessful revolt against the government. He sold property 
 he had purchased at a great sacrifice, and in 1838 came to 
 Illinois. He first lived at Rushville, Schuyler county, but 
 in January, 1840, thinking that the county seat of the re- 
 cently organized Brown county would become a prosperous 
 and thriving business place, removed to Mt. Sterling, where 
 he carried on business as a tailor ten years. 
 
 In 1850 he moved to his present residence in section ten of 
 Lee township. His first wife died in 1852. His second 
 marriage was on the 20th of February, 1855, to Jane 
 McGaskill, a native of Brown county, but of Scotch descent. 
 He had ten children by his first marriage and eight by his 
 second. Four of the children by the first marriage, and 
 six by the second, are now living, and their names are as 
 follows : James Thompson ; Catharine, wife of James Thomas 
 of Clayton ; Mary, wife of William Elliott, residing in Da- 
 kota ; Scotland America, wife of James Walker of Kansas 
 City; Daniel, William, Charles, John, Esther and Ellen. 
 His eldest son, Enos P. McPhail, was captain of Co. G of the 
 Third Illinois Cavalry, for a time was on the staff of Gen. 
 Carr, and was killed at the siege of Vicksburg, shot by a 
 minnie ball through the breast. He was a man of fine 
 stature, and was known as one of the best horsemen in the 
 Union Army. The next eldest son, Archibald, was a sol- 
 dier in the Third Illinois Cavalry, and died after his return 
 home from discise contracted jn the service. The next sou, 
 James Thompson, was also in the army. 
 
 He was originally a Whig in polities. His first presiden- 
 tial vote was given to Gen. Harrison in 1840. When the 
 Whig party becsr-ie disrupted he became a Republican, and 
 has since stood firm and steadfast in that faith. 
 
 EDWARD SMITH FRANK 
 
 Was born in Davidson county, N. Carolina, May 23d, 1848, 
 and came to Illinois in 1852, and located in Lee township, 
 of this county, in 1853, where he has resided ever since. 
 In 1878 he saw the need of a furnishing and undertaking 
 house in this portion of the county, and accordingly estab- 
 lished one at Mt. Pleasant, in the spring of 1878, in a 
 building 16x24 feet, two stories high. The increase in his 
 business very soon made it evident that more room and a 
 better grade of goods than had ever been kept in the county 
 was necessary to meet the demands of his patrons, and to- 
 day we find him occupying a new and larger building, with 
 all the facilities of a first-class furniture and undertaking 
 establishment. A view of his property may be seen on 
 another page in this volume.
 
 HUJSTTSVILLE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (SCHUYLER COUNTY.) 
 
 -H. — » — M-a 
 
 | HAT division of Schuyler known as Hunts- 
 ville is situated in the extreme south- 
 western portion of the county, and is 
 bounded on the north by Birmingham, 
 on the east by Camden, on the south by 
 Brown county, and on the west by 
 Adams county. Entering the township at 
 its western boundary, near the southern 
 part of section seven, is Cedar creek, 
 flowing across the entire northern portion, in an easterly and 
 northeasterly direction, then turning southeast it passes into 
 Camden township at the southeastern corner of section twelve, 
 receiving tributaries from the north and south. Along 
 its channel are found beds of coal, fine building stone, 
 and valuable timber, furnishing an abundant supply of 
 water, and affording necessary drainage for the adjacent 
 higher lauds. In the southwestern portion of the township 
 three large tributaries of Big Missouri creek drain that 
 section, while from the south the Big Missouri enters the 
 township in section thirty-three, and winds its course through 
 the southeastern corner, and leaves the township at section 
 twenty-five, affording equal water-supplies, coal, and timber 
 for that part of the territory. Along the water-courses the 
 surface is broken, and was formerly covered with dense 
 forests, which have long since yielded to the stroke of the 
 woodsman's axe, and have been converted into fertile farms. 
 In the central portion we see mound after mound, with 
 gentle slopes, in all directions. Upon many of these dome-like 
 hills, handsome residences and commodious barns may be 
 seen. On the hillsides, fields of golden grain, or the grow- 
 ing corn ; herds of horses and cattle, and flocks of sheep are 
 browsing upon the rich meadows, or resting beneath the 
 shade of the remaining monarchs of the once predominant 
 forest. In the northeastern portion of the township are 
 many highly-improved farms. Nearly the whole township 
 is susceptible of cultivation, and much attention is given to 
 grazing, and the abundant yield of corn is sent from the 
 township in the shape of fat cattle, hogs, sheep, and horses. 
 The township comprises all of Congressional township two 
 north, range four west, of the fourth principal meridian, and 
 contains thirty-six full sections. 
 
 ■ The following were the first patents to lands in this town- 
 ship, issued to soldiers of the war of 1812: October 6th, 
 1817, to Amos Pitcher, for the N. E. quarter of section 
 thirteen; October 17th, 1817, to Charles Shepherd, for the 
 S. E. quarter of section one; October 21st, 1817, to George 
 W. Duuton, for the N. E. quarter of section nine, and to 
 
 Joseph Jackaway for the S. E. quarter of section nine ; 
 November 1st, 1817, to Joshua Clark for N. W. quarter of 
 section thirteen ; and December 5th, 1817, to Benjamin 
 Scriver for the N. E. quarter of section ten. 
 
 To William Spangler, a native of Pennsylvania, who was 
 taken to Kentucky by his parents, from whence he went to 
 Indiana and married, belongs the honor of being the first 
 settler of the wilderness in what ie now one of the best im- 
 proved sections of the county. In the summer of 1832, he 
 concluded to leave his home and seek an abode in the new 
 country of Illinois. With his wife and children, Purlina, 
 Margaret, and Mary, he took passage on the boat, and 
 landed at Quincy, and from there, with his span of horses 
 and wagon, which he had brought along, turned towards the 
 east, arriving in the northern part of the township; took 
 out a pre-emption right, built his humble log-cabin, and set- 
 tled on the northeast quarter of section five, which he sub- 
 sequently entered, — his nearest neighbor being six miles 
 distant. Here he continued to reside until 1851, when he 
 moved to Hancock county, where he died at a ripe old age. 
 
 Immediately following William Spangler, came Willis 
 G. Moffett, of Kentucky, who arrived by wagon, bringing 
 his wife and family of children, and on the southwest quarter 
 of section four built his cabin and entered the land, in 
 1832. We might add, that some claim Mr. Moffit as the 
 first settler, though the weight of authority seems to accord 
 to Mr. Spangler that honor. 
 
 John Thornhill, of Kentucky, born in 1786, a relative of 
 the Browns, of Camden, arrived in the county in the fall of 
 1834, and with his wife and a large family, William, Ellen, 
 Martha, Jackson, Cynthia Ann, Achilles, Sarah, JaDe, Eliza, 
 and Lucy, in a four-horse wagon, moved into Huntsville, and 
 settled on the northeast quarter of section twenty two, where 
 he spent many days of his life in farming and teaching, and 
 where he died in 1859, at an advanced age, after trying his 
 fortune in Texas. Jamison Wilson accompanied John 
 Thornhill, his father in-law, having only a wife, and settled 
 on the northwest of section twenty-two, where he yet lives. 
 Henry Moss was a squatter in the township as early as 1831, 
 and made a small improvement, but soon left, being greatly 
 annoyed by bears, which were plentiful. In 1833 there were 
 a number of arrivals, and among the permanent settlers 
 were Reuben Allphin, of Kentucky, who came in the fall, 
 and brought a wife and family, and settled upon the south- 
 east quarter of section ten, buying the cabin and improve- 
 ment of Henry Moss. He is still living in the township, at 
 the advanced age of eightv-two year*. Robert Clayton, a 
 
 363
 
 864 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Dative of Tennessee, with a family of wife and three chil- 
 dren, arrived in the spring, and squatted on the northwest 
 quarter of section thirteen, but never acquired a title. An- 
 other Kentuckian, David Tyree, and two grown sons, and 
 his son-in law, Hamilton Anderson and wife, sought homes 
 in the township in the fall. They nought the southeast 
 quarter of section eleven, on which was a log-cabin, some 
 fence and ground in cultivation, the improvement having 
 been made by a single man, Madison Clayton, a son of 
 Robert, who sold to David Tyree, and went to Morgan 
 county. Tyree improved his farm, and died upon it. 
 Samuel Warren, from Ohio, with a family, arrived in 1833, 
 coming in a wagon, and located on and entered the west 
 half of northwest quarter, the west half of southwest quar- 
 ter of section four, built his Cdbin, improved his home, and 
 with his wife have long since passed away ; and their chil- 
 dren are now enjoying the fruits of their parents' toil. 
 Stephen Mendenhall, of North Carolina, arrived from In- 
 diana in the fall, and with his wife and little ones made 
 a home on the southwest quarter of section eighteen. 
 Alfred Jamison came with John Thornhill, and took pos- 
 session of the northeast quarter Of the northwest quarter of 
 section fourteen, which Robert Brown had entered for his 
 mother, Mrs Jamison. Alfred Jamison was single when he 
 came to the county, but subsequently married a daughter of 
 John Thornhill. Stephen Perkins, of Kentucky, came 
 from Indiana, brought his wife and children, two of whom 
 were grown into the township in 1832, and took up a pre- 
 emption right on the southwest quarter of section six ; 
 built a double log-cabin and a smoke-house, and improved 
 and fenced twenty-five acres of land, where he lived until 
 the fall of 1834, when he sold his interest and moved to 
 Iowa. A squatter by the name of Swope, a bachelor, had 
 made his appearance in the township about the same time 
 as Perkins, improved the northeast quarter of section five, 
 but soon af er left. Jesse Burke, of Virginia, and family, 
 came into the southern portion of the township in 1832, and 
 settled on the northeast quarter of section thirty, which he 
 improved, and subsequently entered, and where he now 
 lives. Robert and William Brooks, brothers, both having 
 families, squatted upon the northeast quarter of section 
 twenty-four, in 1831, and made some improvement, but 
 soon afterward moved into Camden. On the sixth day of 
 December, 1834, there arrived a pioneer, Rev. William 
 Crain, a Methodist clergyman, who has ever since been one 
 of the sterling citizens, not only of this township, but of 
 the county. He and his wife are still living upon the orig- 
 inal purchase. In August, 1834, Mr. Crain, accompanied 
 by his wife's uncle and foster-father, Abraham Newfield, 
 came into the State from Missouri, and entered sixty acres 
 in the northwest quarter of section six, for himself, and the 
 southeast quarter of the northwest quarter of section six, 
 for Ezra Dorsett. After bargaining for the improvement of 
 Stephen Perkins, they returned to Missouri, gathered to- 
 gether their effects, and with two span of horses, two yoke of 
 oxen, and an old fashioned carryall, started for their new 
 home, and arrived in Rushville December 6th, 1834. Here 
 they spent the winter, completed the purchase from Perkins, 
 
 and in February, 1835, took possession of their homes. Rev. 
 William Crain was born in Culpepper county, Virginia, in 
 1802. He left his native State for Kentucky ; from Ken- 
 tucky he went to Indiana, and thence to Missouri, where he 
 married Miss Harriet E Tong. He brought with him 
 three children, James N., John F , and William H. Mr. 
 Newfield and his wife died upon the old homestead. Jacob 
 Houts, of Kentucky, came into the township from Missouri 
 in the spring of 1834, and settled on the northwest quarter 
 of section five. He brought with' him a wife and nine chil- 
 dren. From the wilderness he carved out a home, built his 
 caSin, improved his land, and in the fall of 1834 he had 
 sixty acres of wheat, which yielded well, and for which he 
 received one dollar per bushel. He subsequently sold out 
 and returned to Missouri. 
 
 The year 1835 brought a large influx of pioneers to the 
 township. William Anderson, born in Kentucky, May 14, 
 1800, was ta\en to Ohio, where he remained until 1822, 
 when he returned to Kentucky, where he resided until 1831, 
 when he returned to Ohio, and was married to Miss Pru- 
 dence Wallingsford. On the 1st of October, 1835, with his 
 wife and children, Mary Jane, Cyrus, Andrew and Vincent, 
 in an ol J -fashioned wagon, with a curved bed, behind four 
 good horses started for his new hom3 in Illinois. He crosstd 
 the river at Beard's ferry, and on Oct. 16, 1835, arrived in 
 Huntsville. He entered the S. W. i of S. E. i of section 18 
 and bought the claim and improvements upon the N. W. J, 
 of section 13, from Robert Clayton. Mr. Anderson and 
 wife are yet living on the old homestead. William Nesbit 
 an uncle of William Anderson, came from Ohio with him. 
 Mr. Anderson brought his goods and family in his wagon. 
 William Nesbit settled on the N. E. i of the N. W. i of 
 section 12. He was a cooper by trade. Samuel Smith, a 
 cousin of William Anderson, also cama at the same time in 
 his own wagon, bringing a wife and two children. He 
 bought the improvement right of Hamilton Anderson, who 
 had been living upon the E. J of the N. E. i of section 11 
 since the fall of 1833, and subsequently entered the land. 
 Hamilton Anderson went to Ohio, after selling his interests 
 to Smith. Col. Geo. H. Briscoe and family also came to the 
 township in an ox wagon from Kentucky in 1835, and 
 bought out the interest of an early settler by the nams of 
 Levin Tadlock in an eighty acre tract of N. W. i of section 3. 
 About the same time John L. Ewing, a brother-iu-law of 
 Col. Briscoe, with his family settled on the N. E. i of section 
 3. Ezra Dorsett of N. C. and family of a wife and ten 
 children arrived in 1835, and took possession of the land 
 which had been previously entered for him by Rev. William 
 Crain. Joha Allphin cm3 from Kentucky, stopping in 
 Indiana a short time, and with hi* wife and children, and 
 brother Thomas, arrived in Huutsville township and built 
 himselfa cabin on the N. W. i of section 16, in 1835. Dr. 
 Samuel Clarkson, of Kentucky, though not a resident of 
 the township until 1836, is deserving of mention as one of 
 the early settlers. He came from near Mt. Sterling in the 
 adjoining county, where he had been living many years. He 
 brought a large family with him, and entered many tracts 
 of land, made numerous public improvements, borrowing
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 368 
 
 money to carry on his different enterprises, and being 
 dteply involved when the gold excitement began in Cali- 
 fornia, left his home for that section, with the hope of re- 
 trieving his fortune, and on his return home died at sea, 
 and was buried in the Pacific. 
 
 The first marriage in the township was performed by Rev. 
 William Crain, in the summer of 1835, and the parties 
 were a Mr. Cruikslianks and Keziah Perkins. The first 
 birth was that of a child of William Spangler, in 1882 The 
 first person who died in the township was John Perkins, a 
 young mau. He died at the house of his father, Stephen 
 Perkins, on S- W. quarter of section 6, and he was buried 
 in Camden. The first graveyard was laid out in 1834, on 
 the S. E. quarter of section 4, and the first interment was 
 that of a little child of a family of strangers, who sought 
 shelter at Willis G. Moffitt's in the summer of that year. 
 The first school-house was a small log cabin on the S. W. 
 quarter of section 4, and was built in the summer of 1835. 
 The first school was taught by Jeremiah Briscoe. The first 
 sermon preached in the township was that delivered by Rev. 
 Milton Kimball, at the house of William Spangler, in 1833, 
 though the Methodist circuit riders, Revs. W. Pitner, John 
 P. Richmond, and Peter Borin, preached at the house of 
 Jacob Houts at an early day. Rev. William Craiii may 
 also be classed with the pioneer ministers of the M. E 
 Church. Among the early physicians who practiced in the 
 township may be mentioned Dr. North, the earliest ; Dr. 
 John P. Richmond, Dr. Samuel Clarkson, and Dr. A. J. 
 Meade. John L. Ewing was the first justice of the peace; 
 and a man named McDaniels was the first blacksmith The 
 first mill in the township was built by Dr. Samuel Clarkson, 
 on the S. E. quarter of section 25, upon the south bank of 
 Big Missouri Creek, in the spring of 1837. It was a frame 
 building, undershot wheel, with one run of stones. After 
 running several years, it was abandoned, owing to the insuf- 
 ficiency of the water supply, and it has since rotted down, 
 and washed away. About the same time Willis G. Moffitt 
 built a sawmill with undershot wheel on Cedar creek, just 
 south of the village of Huntsville, and, shortly afterwards, 
 added a run of burrs for grinding corn. At ihe present 
 time there is not a mill in the township. The first bridge 
 in the township was the one over Cedar creek, south of the 
 village. The roads and bridges of the town hip at the 
 preseut day are in good condition. The township is sup- 
 plied with excellent school facilities, there being nine school 
 buildings, all comfortably furnished and occupied by schools 
 six months annually. An abundance of coal of a superior 
 quality is found on the N. W. quarter of section 8, along 
 Cedar creek, the vein being two and a-half feet thick, and 
 easily obtained by stripping the dirt from the top. This 
 mine is operated by W. L. Carter. The same vein is found 
 on the S. E. quarter of section 5, and in fact on both sides of 
 Cedar creek throughout its course in the township. A 
 quarry of valuable sand-stone is located on the N. E. quarter 
 of section 7. The stone is very hard, admits of a high de- 
 gree of polish, and is extensively used for monumental work 
 and building purposes. 
 
 The following are the supervisors who have represented 
 
 the township in the county board since township organiza- 
 tion. William T. Clark was elected in 1854, and died 
 during his term of office ; and P. E. Veatch was appointed 
 in March, 1855, to serve the balance of the term — he was 
 chosen at the next election, and served until 1856 ; Thomas 
 J. Poe in 1856, three terms in succession. James Baxter in 
 1859, two terms. William S. Nelson in 1861, three terms. 
 Henry Cady in 1864, two terms. Samuel S. Benson in 1866, 
 two terms. John W. Scott in 1868, two terms. Zebulon 
 Allphin in 1870, two terms. A. J. Anderson in 1872. Wil- 
 liam H. H. Rader in 1873, two terms. Zebulon Allphin in 
 1875. Andrew J. Anderson in 1876. Zebulon Allphin in 
 1877. William H. H. Rader in 1878. Nathaniel Milby in 
 18?9-'80. Nicholas Burmood in 1881, and the present in- 
 cumbent, Zebulon Allphin, in 1882. 
 
 The census of 1880 shows 172 farms in the township, and 
 places the population at 1193 
 
 VILLAGE OF HUNTSVILLE. 
 
 This little village is pleasantly situated in the northern 
 part of the township, on the northwest quarter of section 
 four, and was laid out by Willis G. Moffitt, John T. Gast, 
 William Spangler, George H. Briscoe, Samuel Warren, and 
 John L. Ewing, February 2i, 183&; and was surveyed and 
 platted by Allen Persinger. The village is without organi- 
 zation at the present time. Dr. A. J. Mead, one of the 
 oldest citizens, informs us that it was chartered, and had 
 regular officers at an early day ; that a square, now the site 
 of the public school building, was reserved for a city hall, 
 but was afterwards converted to public school purposes. As 
 the records have been lost, the particulars can not be given, 
 although diligent search has been made. The appearance 
 of the village is neat and clean, and there are a number of 
 handsome private residences, surrounded by shade trees and 
 well-kept lawns. There are two frame church buildings, 
 which belong to the Presbyterian and the Methodist Episco- 
 pal congregations. The Presbyterians are without a regular 
 pastor, and the Methodists are supplied by Rev. N. H Kane. 
 The Band of Holiness also have a congregation. A neat 
 two-story frame school building adorns the town, in which 
 two teachers are employed for a term of nine months in the 
 year. 
 
 The first house built in the village was a frame bu ; lding ; 
 erected in 1835 by T. A. Burton. The first store was opened 
 by Willis G Moffitt in 1835, who was also the first post- 
 master. In 1837 a man named Morris kept the first hotel. 
 One McDauiels was the first blacksmith in the village as well 
 as township. No mill has ever been built within the limits 
 of the village. Dr. North was the first resident physician, 
 as early as 1837. John L. Ewing was the first justice of the 
 peace. The first church built in the township was a frame 
 building ere«ted by the Presbyterians in 1841, and was located 
 in the village. The first school-house was a log building, 
 and Jeremiah Brisc.oe was the first teacher. The town was 
 named by Col. George H Briscoe, after Huntsville, Alaba- 
 ma, where the colonel's brother resided. The township sub- 
 sequently took the name of the village. The village has a 
 wtll-kept cemetery of two acres, in which are many hand-
 
 36G 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 some monuments, marking the resting-place of loved ones. 
 It is situated on gently sloping ground, surrounded by a neat 
 fence, and shaded by forest trees. It was laid out in 1872, 
 on the southeast quarter of section 4, and is a credit to the 
 citizens of that section. 
 
 « 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS. 
 
 General Stores.— Thomas W. Watts. H. Worden Watts, 
 William O. Watts, and George Richardson. 
 
 Groceries- — John T. Watts. 
 
 Drugs. — Harvey T. Robinson. 
 
 Harness and Shoemaker. — Thomas Ellis. 
 
 Shoemaker. — David Ross. 
 
 Barber. — B. L. Davis. 
 
 Carpenters. — Henry Hillyer, Reese Moore, and John Se- 
 bright. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — William Langdon, John Waner, and Lewis 
 Labrash. 
 
 Stonecutter and Mason. — Reese Moore. 
 
 Manufacturers of Washing Machines. — J. Waner & Co. 
 
 Wagon-maker. — Jacob Alter. 
 
 Milliners and Dress-makers. — Mrs. Mollie Baxter, and 
 Mrs. Eliza Joms. 
 
 Hotels. — Daniel Y. Miller, and David H. Ross. 
 
 Freighter. — Alexander Alter. 
 
 Notary Public— William O. Watts and Daniel Y. Miller. 
 
 Painter. — Samuel Alter. 
 
 Jtweler. — John Harris. 
 
 Postmaster. — William L. Brumback. 
 
 Physicians. — A. J Mead, and Horace F. Coe. 
 
 Huntsville Lodge, No. 465, A. F. and A. M. — This lodge 
 was organized in 1864, and worked several years under dis- 
 pensation, and its charter is dated October 3, 1866. The 
 names of W. C. Stokes, W. H. Kirk, J. C. Moore, A. G. 
 Bacon, J. B. Overstreet, B. J. Vertner, H. Van Buskirk, 
 John Moore, J. R. Fackler, William Moore, J. A. Bilder- 
 back, James Baxter, J. A. Moore, William G- Deviney, 
 John Bilderback, N. Burmood, J. W. Scott, William H. 
 Crain, James Baxter, jr., J. A. James, and Jacob Kleppler, 
 appear as charter member?. W. C. Stokes, W. M. ; W. H. 
 Kirk S. W.; and J. C. Moore, J W., are named in the char- 
 ter as the principal officers. The lodge owned their hall, 
 the second story of a business house, and had it haud- 
 somely furnished, and everything complete, but they met 
 with the misfortune of having their hall and the entire con- 
 tents burned during a severe thunder storm. They received 
 an insurance of six hundred dollars, and have tince built a 
 handsome two-story frame building, and are virtually out of 
 debt. The present membership is fifty, and the officers are: 
 Charles H. Phelps, W. M. John Moore, S.W. A.J.An- 
 derson, J. W. Elmer Simons, S. D. William Villers, J. D. 
 W. P. Croxton, secretary ; Zebulon Allphin, treasurer, and 
 Daniel Y. Miller, tyler. 
 
 ¥=$2~ 
 
 PEA RIDGE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (BROWN COUNTY.) 
 
 -wg-o -•;- f 
 
 HIS township receives its name from a 
 ridge of ground passing through the 
 northern part of its territory. In an 
 early day — about 1835 — a man settled 
 here by the name of Henry Pell. He 
 was asked by some of his neighbors 
 what he thought he could best raise on 
 his place. He icplied that it was ex- 
 cellent for the cultivation of peas. Hence 
 it is said that it has passed down the line as Pea Ridge 
 Another version is given of the origin of the name, and with 
 some show of authenticity, which is as follows: That when 
 the commissioners met after the adoption of township or- 
 
 ganization, it devolved upon them to declare the lines of the 
 township and to name them. One of these commissioners 
 suggested the name of Pea Ridge for this township, as in an 
 early day the wild pea vine grew in great abundance in this 
 particular part of the county. 
 
 It contains 36 sections, or one full Congressional township, 
 and lies in the extreme northwestern part of the county, and 
 is bounded as follows : On the north by Schuyler county, on 
 the east by Missouri township, south by Lee, and west by 
 Adams county. The surface is considerably.broken, espe- 
 cially in the north, east, and some portions of the center. The 
 south and west is mainly prairie, interspersed with small belts 
 of timber. The soil in the north and east, where it is not
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 367 
 
 t>o much broken, is excellent for wheat and grazing, while 
 the prairie land of the south and west, is well adapted to the 
 cultivation of corn or wheat. For the most part, there is 
 but little demand for tile or ditching, as the natural surface 
 drainage is adequate for all practical purposes. Little Mis- 
 souri creek forks iu section 12, its tributaries leading in from 
 various points iu the south and east. Its main course is 
 northeast, extending along the east line of section 12, and 
 finally passing out in section 1. A tributary of the same 
 also drains the northwest. The Wabash, St. Louis and Pa- i 
 cific Railway crosses the extreme southwest corner of the 
 township. The main shipping and marketing points are at 
 the towns of Clayton and Mound Station, which are situated 
 but a few miles distant. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 The honor of the first settlement of Pea Ridge is due to 
 Obediah Nix. a more extended account of whom will be 
 found among the first settlers of Mt. Sterling township. Mr- 
 Nix was a native of Tennessee, and iu 1828, came with his 
 family and settled a little southwest of Mt. Sterling. He 
 remained here only about a year, when he moved to the 
 Mounds iu Pea Ridge, and located in section 32, ou the land 
 now owned by Fielding T. Glenn. This was in 1829, when 
 he could claim no neighbor within the boundaries of the 
 township. He was one who desired no fixed abiding place, 
 and a few years later we find him residing in the neighbor- 
 hood of William Lee, in Lee township. He moved to Texas 
 about 1840. since which time his whereabouts have been lost 
 to those in this part of the world. None of his descendants 
 are here to throw any light upon his subsequent career. 
 Probably the second upon the ground, and among the most 
 prominent of the pioneers, was Granville Bond. He was 
 born iu Kentucky, and partook of the spirit and persever- 
 ance of the Daniel Boone stripe of Kentuckians, making his 
 mark wherever he might be. Before leaving his native 
 State he married Elizabeth Gristy, and with his young wife, 
 he started to the then sparsely settled State of Illinois, with 
 but a small one horse wagon and a few dollars in his pocket. 
 He fin-t stopped in Sangamon county, having gone as far as 
 his means would permit. At this time he had but twenty- 
 five cents left, and some of the old settlers have heard h m 
 relate, that iu order for him to procure the necessities of life 
 until he could make some arrangement for work, his wife 
 took the tucking comb from her hair ami sold it for what it 
 would bring. Early in the sp,ring of 1830, he removed to 
 what is now Browu county, and settled in section 36, Pea 
 Ridge township. He built a small log cabin, and com- 
 menced the struggle for a livelihood in the wilds of the new 
 State of Illinois. During a series of meetings in an early 
 day, held at the house of Levin Green, he became converted, 
 was baptized, and joined the M. E. church. For several 
 years he preached in his neighborhood and the surrounding 
 settlements. He subsequently sold his possessions in Pea 
 Ridge and engaged in the services of different Methodist 
 literary institutions as a solicitor in their behalf, preaching 
 in the meantime. This was about the year 1850, and his 
 services' were extended in this direction for nearly twenty 
 
 years. No man probably was better known throughout the 
 military tract than the Reverend Bond. Prior to his itin- 
 erant ministerial career, he had occupied several places of 
 trust in the c< unty. He was twice elected couuty treasurer, 
 was appointed district marshal under President Fillmore, 
 besides jiolding other minor offices. Ten children were born 
 to the family, seven of whom are now living, and three are 
 residents of the county. Dr. J. Bond lives at Versailles, 
 and Wm. R., and Rebecca, wife of Mr. Mumford, are resi- 
 dents of Mound Station. Mr. Bond located at the latter 
 pl«ce a short time before his death, which occurred in the 
 summer of 1878. His widow still survives him, and resides 
 at their home in Mouud Station. 
 
 Another prominent pioneer was Benjamin Gristy, the fa- 
 ther-in-law of Bond. He was born in Maryland, in 1780. 
 When a mere boy he moved with his parents to Kentucky, 
 where he grew to manhood. Early in 1807, he married 
 Nancy Duncan. The family remained here until the fall of 
 1830, when they came to Illinois, and located in section 26, 
 Pea Ridge township, not far from Bond's. Their mode of 
 tran>it was the old style Kentucky wagon drawu by four 
 horses. On arrival he built a cabin, and soon prepared to 
 make further improvements. The family then consisted <5f 
 his wife and 10 children, James, Benjamin D., Rebecca, 
 Mary Joseph Leah, Catharine, Stephen, Joshua, and John 
 D Mr. Gristy became a prominent farmer, having entered 
 nearly a section of land while it was bearing but a small 
 price in the market. He lived to see the fruits of his labor, 
 and his children comfortably located in life. He died at the 
 old home the 28th of May, 1858. His wife survived him 
 but five years. All the children are living except James. 
 Elizabeth, widow of Granville Bond, Benjamin D., Leah, 
 wife of Thomas Simmons, and Joseph, are residents of the 
 county. Benjamin lives iu section 26, and Iris land includes 
 a part of the old farm that his father first settled upon. He 
 is a thrifty farmer and an excellent citizen. 
 
 Berry Orr was also an immigrant of 1830. He came from 
 Tennessee late in the fall, and located in section 27, on the 
 farm now owned by John Simpkins. Six children repre- 
 sented the family at his coming, Sarah* Arminta Polly, 
 John, James, and David. Two other children were born to 
 the family after coming, Margaret and Eunice. Mr. Orr 
 was one of the substantial citizens of the day, and lived here 
 until his death, which occurred many years ago. His wife 
 survived him for some years and died in Mt. Sterling about 
 the year 1873. ' Three of the children are residents of the 
 county, David, Sarah, wife of John McDonald, and Eunice. 
 Mr. Orr was elected county collector of revenues for some 
 years, and filled some minor offices of trust. Benjamin 
 Gristy relate! the time of his first seeing Mr. Orr, which 
 was about the commencement of the " deep snow," late in 
 1830. It must be remembered that the neighbors were few 
 and far between in those days, aud to see the face of a 
 stranger was almost like attending a menagerie. One blus- 
 tery morning the family descried something in the distance 
 approaching their cabin. On a nearer view it was d scov- 
 ered to be a man aud woman, making their slow and weary 
 way through the drifts of snow. Ever and anon one would
 
 368 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 go down in the drift, and be aided out by the other. Their 
 efforts were finally rewarded by reaching the cabin of Mr. 
 Gristy. Of course the latch-string was out, and the strang- 
 ers were joyfully received, as was wont among the early pio- 
 neers. They were nearly exhausted by their long and hard 
 journey, but with the warm hearts to receive them, they soon 
 forgot their fatigue of battling with the snow-storm. It 
 would be needless to add that the friendship here formed) 
 lasted for a life-time, and that these neighbors had the plea- 
 sure of enjoying each other's confidence while they sojourned 
 together down the lapse of time. Eli Hartley came about 
 the same time as Orr, and located near him in section 27. 
 He hailed from Kentucky, and had a wife and two children, 
 Melissa and Nathan. His wife died here, and he afterwards 
 married again and reared quite a family of children. He 
 was always known as Esquire Hartley, as he had held the 
 office of justice of the peace for many years, and was the first 
 one in the township. He was a representative man in his 
 day, and had the confidence of his acquaintances. He 
 moved to Menard county about 1850, where it is said that 
 he died. 
 
 In 1831 there was quite an addition to the settlementi 
 among whom were three brothers and their families, Jacob, 
 William and Conrad Long. They were from Tennessee, and 
 all settled near each other in section 32, around the Mounds. 
 The former had a family of eight children. William had 
 seven children, and Conrad nine. They were all excellent 
 citizens, and were liked by their neighbors. Jacob remained 
 here until his family had all grown up and married, and 
 then he and his wife went to the state of Missouri to live 
 with one of his children that had moved to that state. They 
 both died there a few years ago. William sold his place on 
 the Mounds, and moved to Lee township. He died here in 
 1872, age 80 years. His wife had died several years before. 
 In an early day he Commanded a company of militia on 
 muster day, and was, therefore, known as Captain Long. 
 Several of his descendants reside in the county. Conrad 
 also died in the county, about three years ago. He was then 
 living at the old homestead near the Mounds. His wife died 
 several years ago. Some of their children reside in the 
 county. Another settler of 1831, was James Hamilton, a 
 native of Kentucky. He came to the state in 1830, and 
 stopped with many others in the " Sangamo " settlement, and 
 the following spring came to the Pea Ridge and located in 
 section 1 9. He had a large family, and many were the hard 
 struggles he experienced to keep them supplied with the 
 necessities of life. Mr. Hamilton was the father in-law of 
 Esquire Hartley. The place he settled on, is now owned 
 by James S. Beall. He died at the old homestead many 
 years ago, One of the children, wife of Mr. Beall, is yet liv- 
 ing here, and resides on the farm where her father settled in 
 sec. 19. Abraham Brunk located here in 1831, on section 
 22. He was a brother-in-law of Granville.Bond. He moved 
 over from L3e township, in the history of which will be 
 found a further account of this pioneer. 
 
 Joseph Marrett settled here in 1832. He was a native of 
 Maryland, and moved with his parents to Ohio in 1804. 
 Twenty-five years later he came to the state of Illinois, and 
 
 first stoiped in Scott county. Here he married Rebecca 
 Davis, and in the spring of 1832, moved to Pea Ridge and 
 settled in section 31. Six children have been born to the 
 family, only two of whom are residents of the county. Mrs. 
 Marrett died in the fall of 1874. Mr. M., is yet living and 
 is in the eightieth year of his age. He resides with his s>n, 
 John B., in Lee township. A little later the " Old man 
 Johnson " and his family settled in section 20. He was also 
 from the South. He resided here for many years, when he 
 went to the state of Missouri, arid it is said he is yet living 
 there with one of his children. Two sons, David and Willis, 
 are living at cr near the old home. Another early settler is 
 J. J. Pevehouse. He came to the county a single man in 
 1833. The family were from Kentucky. An uncle of the 
 above located in section 19, and afterwards moved to Clay- 
 ton. J. J. married one of his daughters, and also settled in 
 section 19, where he yet resides, and is a successful farmer. 
 He has represented his township on the County Board one 
 term. Archibald McCaskill was a native of Scotland, and 
 came to America a single man. He afterwards married, 
 and about 1835, came to the county and first stopped in 
 Missouri township, where he taught school for a time. 
 About 1839 or 1840, he moved to Pea Ridge and settled in 
 section 12. He acted in the capacity of a local Methodist 
 preacher, and frequently held church services in this vicinity. 
 It is said that for honor and integrity he had no superiors. 
 He died about 1858, at his home in section 12. His 
 wife survived him but a few years. Two of the 
 family are residents of the county, W. H. McCaskill 
 and Mrs. McPhail of Lee township. The former lives on the 
 horn stead farm in section 12. The northern part of the 
 township* was not ssttled until 1836, when the follow- 
 ing persons came. They were from the south and made 
 their advent about the same time. They were James Pell, 
 Wade Blansett, Tillet Blansett, and a man by the name of 
 Lindsey. Among other early settlers are Robert Lester, 
 John Brown, Roderick Crisp, Thomas McDannold, D. K. 
 Watson and others. 
 
 The first lands conveyed were by the United States to 
 soldiers of the war of 1812. The most of these grants were 
 made in 1817 and '18, under the administration of James 
 Monroe. The following are a few of the first as shown by 
 the records: United States to Festus L. Thompson, the S. 
 W. \ of section 29, made August 5, 1818. Thomas Ball re- 
 ceived the S. W. \ of section 3), November 3, 1817. Joseph 
 Allen the N. W. i of section 32, Nov. 29, 1817. D. cember 
 1 5, following, Oliver Thomas entered the S. W. i of section 
 32. Alvin Boyden entered the S. E. J of section 31, Janu- 
 ary 21, 1818. At the same date, the heirs of N. Young 
 received a patent of the N. E. J of sec. 31. Chas. Hyler 
 jfieS. E. 1 of section 30, August 25, 1818. The first child 
 born in the township was a daughter of Granville and Eliz- 
 abeth Bond. The interesting event took place in 1830 or 
 '31. The first to teach the children of the pioneers was a 
 young man by the name of John Lester in the winter of 
 1832-'33. The school-house was situated just over the line 
 in Adams county near where Pea Ridge and Lee townships 
 corner on the west. The first house erected in the township
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 369 
 
 for school purposes was situated in section 36, on the land 
 now owned by Thomas McDonnald. It was a hewed log 
 building, and about twenty feet square. It was roofed with 
 clapboards, and the seams between the logs were chinked 
 and plastered. The expenses of building were jointly de- 
 frayed by the people of the settlement, with the understand- 
 ing that it should be utilized for both school and church 
 purposes. It was furnished with the old-fashioned benches, 
 and a rude pulpit. This was in 1837 or '38. Levin Green, 
 a local Methodist minister, did the first preaching as early 
 as 1831. He then resided in Missouri township. The first 
 circuit rider was the Rev. Wilson. Among other early 
 preachers were, Thomas Williams, Granville Bond, and the 
 Rev. Ralston. The first justices of the peace were Eli 
 Hartley and Esquire Pevehouse. Dr. Clarksou was the 
 first to practice medicine in this part of the county. He re- 
 sided a little north of Mt. Sterling. Doctors Trabue and 
 Window were also early practitioners. The latter was also a 
 local preacher. He is said to be yet living in the state of 
 Minnesota. The first mill that the pioneers had access to in 
 this settlement was a band mill, brought here in 1831, by 
 Benjamin Gristy. He had been down to Logan's creek, 
 and came across it, then in the possession of Abraham 
 Logan. They soon struck up a bargain, and Mr. Gristy 
 purchased it for ten dollars. He brought it to his settle- 
 ment, and it proved a perfect God-send to his neighbors. 
 All had access to it free of charge or toll. They came for 
 miles around to grind their meal. At times it was kept in 
 operation day and night. They would sit up all night and 
 grind in order not to delay other parties in waiting. It 
 47 
 
 was laborious work, but was far better than cracking it in 
 a pestle, or grating it with a tin pan grater. The little 
 stone burrs of this mill may yet be seen on the premises of 
 the old Gristy homestead. 
 
 This township contains many natural advantages, having 
 good coal veins lying but a few feet from the surface in va- 
 rious parts of its territory. Excellent sand stone is to be 
 found in all parts of the township. Considerable attention 
 is paid to stock raising. The first blooded stock was intro- 
 duced by D. K. Watson. It was the Durham breed of 
 cattle, imported from the state of Ohio. 
 
 Supervisors. — The following are those who have repre- 
 sented the county board since township organization : Daniel 
 Roberts was elected in 1854, and served one term. D. K. 
 Watson, elected in 1855, and served two terms. Isaac 
 Parker, elected in 1857. D. K. Watson re-elected in 1858, 
 and served until 1862. Thomas Dawson, elected in 1862, 
 and served three terms ; was appointed chairman of the 
 board in 1864. John P. Richmond, elected in 1865, and 
 served one term. D. K. Watson, re-elected in 1866. J. J. 
 Pevehouse, elected in 1867, served one term. James Brady, 
 elected in 1868. Joseph E. Mann, elected in 1869, and 
 served five terms. D. K. Watson, re-elected in 1874, 
 served one term, and was chairman of the board. Joseph 
 E Mann was re-elected in 1875, and served one term. 
 Thomas J. Nolan, elected in 1876. James Brady, re-elected 
 in 1877, and served two terms. T. C. McMurry, elected in 
 1879, served one term. James Brady, re-elected in 1881. 
 Thomas C. McMurry, re-elected in 1881, re-elected in 1882, 
 and is the present incumbent.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 -**-♦—%-♦- 
 
 & .Jr.sW&Gz**- 
 
 Nine miles west of Chillicothe, in Ross county, Ohio, was 
 born David K. Watson, on the 20th day of July, 1818. 
 Irish and German blood are mingled in his veins. His 
 father, Alexander Watson, was a native of Ireland, and 
 coming to America with his mother when young, settled in 
 Ohio. His mother, Jane Kehr, was of German descent, 
 and was born in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania. 
 The Kehr family were early settlers of Madison county, 
 Ohio. David K. Watson was the next to the oldest of a 
 family of five children composed of four sons and one 
 daughter. His home was in Ross county, Ohio, till he was 
 sixteen years of age. His education was principally ob- 
 tained in the schools of the vicinity in which he lived in 
 Ohio. He attended school one winter after coming to Illi- 
 nois. His father having died, his mother moved with the 
 family to Illinois in the fall of 1834, and settled near Na- 
 ples, in Scott county, then a part of MorgaD. In 1837 the 
 family moved to Pike county, and took up their residence 
 ' 370 
 
 three miles southeast of Griggsville. Mr. Watson being 
 the oldest son, and his mother a widow, he had the manage- 
 ment of the farm and the care of the family from an early 
 age. 
 
 In the year 1843 he went back to Ohio, and married Ruth 
 W. Kirkpatrick, daughter of Abraham Kirkpatrick. She 
 was born and raised near New Holland in Pickaway county, 
 Ohio. After his marriage he went to farming in Scott coun- 
 ty, where also part of the time he was employed in a mill. 
 He at that time had no capital, and owned no land. By the 
 year 1848 he had saved enough means to purchase the 
 southwest quarter of section twenty-nine, township one north, 
 range four west, in Brown county. He continued to live in 
 Scott county till July, 1850, and then moved on this land. 
 His home has been in Pea Ridge township from that time to 
 the present. He has been an enterprising and energetic 
 farmer, and now owns three hundred and eighty acres of 
 land, all under fence and in one body, in the southwest part
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 371 
 
 of Pea Ridge township, two miles northwest of Mound Sta- 
 tion. The death of his wife occurred on the 9th of August, 
 1874. He has had six children. Abraham M. Watson, 
 the oldest, died at the age of twenty-eight. The oldest 
 daughter, Mary, died in infancy, and the next son, James 
 E., at the age of twenty. Emma A. is the wife of C. J. 
 Davis of Pea Ridge township. Almarine R. is now mana- 
 ging the home farm ; and Marcus H. is carrying on the drug 
 business at Clayton, in Adams county. 
 
 He won an honorable record as a soldier in the war of the 
 rebellion. In the summer of 1862 he enlisted in company 
 E. One Hundred and Nineteenth regiment, Illinois Volun- 
 teer Infantry. On the organization of the company he was 
 elected first lieutenant. He was mustered in the United 
 States service on the 19th of November, 1862. His regi- 
 ment was with the Army of the Tennessee in Western Ten- 
 nessee ; was on the Meridian raid with Sherman in the 
 early part of the year 1864 ; and was part of the force sent 
 to reinforce Gen. Banks in Louisiana. Mr. Watson was at 
 the taking of Fort Derussy, near the mouth of Red river. 
 At the engagement at Yellow Bayou, on the 18th of May> 
 1864, he was shot through the left leg by a minnie ball and 
 severely wounded. The bones of the leg were shattered. 
 He was confined in the hospital at Jefferson Barracks, Mis- 
 souri, and Quiucy, Illinois, three months. He returned to 
 his regiment the last of September, 1864, but his wound in- 
 capacitated him from active service. He resigned, and was 
 mustered out on the 5th of November, 1864. After his re- 
 turn home his oldest son, Abraham M., volunteered and 
 served till the close of the war in company G., One Hun- 
 dred and Forty-Eighth Illinois regiment. 
 
 In his political belief Mr. Watson was at first attached to 
 the Whig party. In the famous Presidential campaign of 
 1840, when the Whigs swept the country triumphantly and 
 elected their candidate, he cast his first vote for President 
 for Gen. Harrison, the Whig nominee. After the dissolu- 
 tion of the Whig party he became a Republican. He has 
 liberal views, and in elections, where political issues have 
 not involved, he has frequently supported candidates who 
 belonged to a different political faith. He has been one of 
 the representative men of Pea Ridge township. He was 
 elected a member of the Board of supervisors from this 
 township in 1855, the second year after the adoption of town- 
 ship organization, acting as chairman of the Board in that 
 year, and has been several times reelected. His connection 
 with the Methodist church extends back forty years, having 
 become a member of that denomination in Pike county in 
 1842. He became a member of the Masonic order at Naples, 
 in 1 848. He is now connected with the Masonic lodge, chap- 
 ter and commandery of Knight Templars at Clayton, Adams 
 county. His residence is now with his son-in-law, C. J. 
 Davis, in Pea Ridge township. 
 
 ALMOREEN B. RATCLIFF. 
 
 The ancestors of Mr. Ratcliff were Englishmen, who came 
 
 to America, and settled in Rockbridge county, Virginia, 
 
 while the thirteen American colonies were yet subject to the 
 
 British crown. His grandfather, Thomas Ratcliff, was a 
 
 native of England. He married in Virginia, Susan McClure, 
 who was born in Ireland. About the year 1790, he removed 
 to Kentucky, and was one of the early settlers of Woodford 
 county. Joseph Ratcliff, father of the subject of this sketch, 
 was born in Rockbridge county, Virginia, in the year 1781, 
 and was about nine years old at the time of the removal of 
 the family to Kentucky. In Woodford county, of the latter 
 State, he grew to mature years, and married Mary Bryant, 
 a native of Shelby county, Kentucky, and a daughter of 
 Peter Bryant. 
 
 Almoreen B. Ratcliff was the fourth of a family of eight 
 children, of whom five are now living. He has one brother 
 living in Adams county, a sister in Morgan county, and two 
 other sisters in Texas. He was born in Woodford county, 
 Kentucky, within four miles of Versailles, on the 28th of 
 December, 1814. He was raised in his native county. His 
 early. educational advantages were the same as those common 
 in Kentucky at that time, and consisted of primitive and 
 inferior subscription schools. From the time he was four- 
 teen, till after twenty-one years of age, he was employed in 
 a rope walk. He acquired a thorough knowledge of the 
 business, and was offered a good salary to assume charge of 
 an establishment in Kentucky, but instead resolved on 
 coming to Illinois, to which State his father had removed 
 in the fall of 1835, residing in Morgan county till 1837, and 
 then removing to a farm in Adams county, three or four 
 miles west of the Brown county line, where he died in 1855 
 Mr. Ratcliff came to this State in the spring of 1837. He 
 had saved $500 in Kentucky, and with this his father had 
 purchased for him a quarter section of land in township one 
 north, range four west, in Brown county. The improve- 
 ments consisted of a cabin, a well, and ten or twelve acres 
 in cultivation. December 28th, 1840, he married Elizabeth 
 M. McCoy, who died April 2d, 1843. The latter year, after 
 his first wife's death, he went to Jacksonville, and for the 
 greater part of the time for two years was employed in the 
 manufacture of hemp, April, 1845. He married as his 
 second wife Sarah Lackey, a native of Pike county in this 
 State. Her death occurred in the fall of 1847. 
 
 In the spring of 1849, in company with five comrades 
 from Adams county, he set out for California to search for 
 gold. Leaving Adams county the last of March, the party 
 reached the gold regions on the tributaries of the American 
 river on the 3d of September. While in California, he was 
 digging for gold on Amador river, a branch of the San 
 Joaquin, and on the Yuba. Returning by way of the 
 Isthmus of Panama, Havana, Cuba, and New Orleans, he 
 reached Illinois in June, 1851. On his return, he purchased 
 his present farm in section thirty, township one north, range 
 four west, (Tea Ridge township). On the 25th of November, 
 1852, he was united in marriage to Agnes, daughter of 
 Henry Cohenour. He died on the 16th of November, 1881. 
 He has five children living, John H., Edwin E., Clara B., 
 Eva G., and Horace G. Seven are deceased. In the fall 
 of 1881, four children, two sons and two daughters, (William 
 L , aged twenty-five, Joseph, aged twenty-one, Mary Emma, 
 eighteen years old, and Lanora, aged thirteen), with their 
 mother, died within a month's time. Mr. Ratcliff has been
 
 372 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 a successful farmer, and is the owner of two hundred and 
 forty acres of land. As a Whig, his first vote for President 
 was cast for Henry Clay in 1836. He was an early Repub- 
 lican, and before the organization of the Republican party, 
 was accused of holding abolition doctrine. Since the year 
 1840 he has been a member of the Presbyterian church. 
 He has served as township collector, and as a member of the 
 board of supervisors. 
 
 BENJAMIN D. GRISTY 
 
 B. D. Gristy, now one of the oldest settlers living in Pea 
 Ridge township, was born in Hardin county, Kentucky, 
 April 27th, 1813. His father, Benjamin Gristy, who was 
 born in Maryland in 1781, went, when a boy, with his 
 father's family to Kentucky, where he grew up and married 
 Nancy Dunn, who was born in 1782 in Pennsylvania, and 
 whose father was a soldier in the war of the Revolution. 
 The subject of this sketch was the third of a family of eleven 
 children, of whom all grew to manhood and womanhood. 
 All, except one, are now living, and four reside in Brown 
 county. In the fall of 1830, the family moved from Ken- 
 tucky to Illinois, and settled on section twenty-six of town, 
 ship one north, range four west, (Pea Ridge). Here Mr. 
 Gristy's father improved a farm, and lived till he died, May 
 27th, 1858. His widow survived till September, 1863. He 
 was a man of fair education, and both in Kentucky and this 
 State held a license as exhorter in the Methodist church, of 
 which he was a member for many years. He assisted in 
 organizing an early Methodist church in the southwest part 
 of Missouri township. 
 
 Mr. Gristy was seventeen years of age when he came to 
 this county. After his father died, his home was with his 
 mother till her death. On the 21st of February, 1866, he 
 married Margaret Colleasure, a native of Westmoreland 
 county, Pennsylvania, who came to Illinois with her father, 
 John Colleasure, in 1857. He owns a farm of two hundred 
 and fifty-five acres in Pea Ridge township. He was 
 originally a Whig in politics, and voted for Gen. Harrison 
 in 1840. He was a Whig as long as that party lasted, and 
 then became a Republican. In county and township elec- 
 tions he is accustomed to vote for the best man for office 
 without regard to politics. For a number of years he has 
 been connected with the Methodist church, and is a member 
 of the church of that denomination at Mound Station. 
 
 JAY BROWN 
 
 Was born at Bloomington, McLean county, Illinois, May 9th, 
 1843. His father, Josiah Brown, was a native of Connec- 
 ticut, but was raised in Albany county, New York. In 1833, 
 he came to Chicago, and was present at the first sale of lots 
 in that then infant town. The Indians, at that time, out- 
 numbered the whites three to one, and he had little faith in 
 the future of the settlement, and so lost a magnificent oppor- 
 unity of making a fortune. His first wife had died in New 
 
 York. His second marriage took place in Tazewell county, 
 of this State, to Mrs. Phebe Margaret Houghtaling. Her 
 maiden name was Burhans. After living in various places 
 in this State, he went to Iowa, thence to Macon county, Mis- 
 souri, and in 1861 came to Brown county, where he died in 
 1874. He had a good education, and filled, for some years, 
 the office of justice of the peace, having also acted in that 
 capacity in New York and Missouri. The subject of this 
 sketch was eighteen when he came to this county He went 
 to school but six months altogether, and obtained his educa- 
 tion by his own efforts at home. October, 1869, he married 
 Anna Vancil, who was born and raised in Liberty township, 
 Brown county. He has three children, Mary, Ray, and Iva. 
 He has always been a Democrat, and has taken an active 
 interest in politics from the time he first came to the county, 
 though he was then not old enough to exercise the right of 
 suffrage. He has served as collector of Pea Ridge town- 
 ship. He was elected a justice of the peace in 1873, and 
 again in 1877. 
 
 J. M. LONG. 
 
 Conrad Long, father of J. M. Long, was of German 
 descent. His parents moved at an early date from the Caro- 
 linas to East Tennessee where the early part of his life was 
 spent. He was married in East Tennessee to Lucretia 
 Warren, who was born in Tennessee, and whose parents had 
 died when she was a child. A few years after his marriage 
 he came to Illinois, residing for a few months in Morgan 
 county, and then coming to what is now Brown county, at 
 that time still a part of Schuyler ; soon after coming to the 
 county he raised a crop of wheat on ground now covered by 
 the town of Mt- Sterting, renting the land from Mr. Curry ; 
 he subsequently entered eighty acres of land in section 
 thirty-three of township one north, range four west ; mak- 
 ing the journey to Quincy, where the land office then was, 
 on horseback ; at that time only a few cabins marked the 
 site of the present city of Quincy ; he lived on this land 
 till his death, which oc curred in Septembtr, 1879; his wife 
 died in December, 1878. He was a good citizen, a Demo- 
 crat in politics, and a member of the Baptist church. He 
 had ten children; all of them grew to mature years, married, 
 and had families. All are living except the oldest son, 
 William Riley Long. Five reside in Brown county. 
 
 Jacob M. Long was the sixth of the children ; he was 
 born on the farm on which he now lives, in section thirty- 
 three of Pea Ridge township, on the 6th of July, 1837, and 
 was raised in Brown county. In the spring of 1859, in 
 company with his brother, John LoDg, he went to Pike's 
 Peak, Colorado, and the succeeding summer was spent in 
 looking for the gold with which, it was supposed at that 
 time, that locality abounded ; the Indians stole their cattle, 
 and the trip did not prove a success. November, 1866, he 
 married Catharine Noland, a native of Brown county. Mr. 
 and Mrs. Long have three children, Arthur, Luella, and 
 Carrie Anna. He is a Democrat in politics.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 373 
 
 THOMAS I. McDANNOLD. 
 
 Thomas I. McDannold, one of the old residents of 
 Brown county, is a native of Kentucky, and was born at 
 Owiugsville, the county seat of Bath county, on the 5th of 
 July, 1826. His ancestors on his father's side were Scotch ; 
 Alexander McDannold, his great-grand father, came from 
 Aberdeen, Scotland, to America prior to the year 1750, and 
 settled in Culpepper county, Virginia ; Reuben McDannold, 
 son of Alexander McDannold, removed at an early period 
 from Virginia to Kentucky, and settled near Mt. Sterling 
 iu Montgomery county ; John McDannold, father of 
 Thomas I. McDannold, was born in this part of Kentucky, 
 a Unit the year 1800; he was raised in Montgomery county. 
 After his marriage to Elizabeth lies, he became a resident 
 of Owingsville, Bath county ; his wife, the mother of the 
 f-ubj- ct of this sketch, was born in Bath county, and wa 8 
 ihe daughter of Thomas lies, a native of Pennsylvania, and 
 an early resident of Kentucky. John McDannold was the 
 proprietor of a store, and was interested in other busiuess 
 * ntcr prises in the town of Owingsville ; he was an ardent 
 member of the Whig party, and took much interest in poli- 
 tics and public affairs ; it is said that he held at different 
 times all the county offices in Bath county, serving several 
 years as clerk and sheriff. While on a visit to New York 
 city for the purpose of buying some goods, he was exposed 
 to the cholera and immediately after his return home, was 
 taken sick with that disease and died ; this was in the year 
 1833 ; he left six children, of whom Thomas I. McDannold 
 was the next to the oldest. 
 
 In the year 1835, his mother moved with the family to 
 Springfkld Illinois; Mr. McDannold was then nine years 
 
 of age. He remembers the Springfield of that period as a 
 small town of less than the present size of Mt. Sterling. 
 His education was obtained principally in Springfield, 
 though the town then had only small schools of an inferior 
 description. His mother having married a second time 
 moved ten miles north of Springfield. Mr. McDannold's 
 home was in that part of Sa igam.in county till 1844, when 
 he went to Pike county, Missouri, where his grandfather, 
 Reuben McDannold, at that time resided. He was then 
 eighteen years of age. In the fall of 1815, he came to 
 Brown county, and made his home with General James 
 Singleton, who had married his only sister, Parthenia. and 
 who had taken up his residence in Mt. Sterling, to engage 
 in the practice of law. March, 1818, he married Mary Eliza- 
 beth Means, daughter of Maj. John Means ; she was a native 
 of Lewis county, Kentucky, and c.ime to Brown county with 
 her father iu 1835. After his marriage he purchased two 
 hundred and fifty acres of land, three miles and a half north- 
 west of Mt. Sterling, engaged in farming, and has been living 
 at this place ever since. He is the owner of five hundred 
 acres of land, the greater part of which lies in Pea Ridge 
 township. He has four children. John J. McDannold, the 
 oldest, is engaged in the practice of law at Mt. Sterling, and 
 Thomas R. McDannold is a farmer of Pea Ridge township ; 
 the two younger children are George and Clara. The old 
 Whig party enlisted his support when he became old 
 enough tointerest himself in the politics of the country. He 
 afterwards became a Republican, and was one of that pio- 
 neer band of Republicans in Brown county, who in lb56 
 supported Fremont, the first Republican nominee for the 
 presidency. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM TOWNSHIP. 
 
 SCHUYLER COUNTY. 
 
 L ygv 
 
 «-fV 
 
 ITUATED in the extreme Northwestern 
 part of the county is Birmingham town- 
 ship, its nearest railroad station and 
 town being Plymouth a few miles distant 
 from its Northeast corner, in Hancock 
 county, on the Chicago, Burlington and 
 Quiucy Railway. It is bounded on the 
 North by McDonough county, on the 
 East by Brooklyn, on the South by 
 Huntsville, and on the West by Han- 
 cock county. Entering the towship, between sections 3 and 
 4, from McDonough county on the North, Crooked creek 
 
 winds its course through the Northeastern portion of its terri- 
 tory and passes into Brooklyn near the Southern line of section 
 13. Along its whole route affluents pour their waters in- 
 to it. The principal tributary is Flower creek, which traverses 
 the township from west to east, and receives near the cen- 
 tral part, the waters of Flower branch. Farther south and 
 flowing in a northeasterly direction, are Harrison and Lewis 
 branches, tributaries of considerable size and of great value 
 as reservoirs and for drainage for that portion through which 
 they flow. The township is nearly equally divided between 
 undulating and fertile prairie land in the south and north ; 
 and heavy timber land along the water courses, though
 
 £74 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 much of which wssfcimeily forest, is now cleared. The 
 entire township is well supplied with timber, and well watered, 
 and is sufficiently rolling to drain well, and throughout the 
 township are well improved farms, with pleasant houses ; 
 and prosperity on all tides is the result of many years of toil 
 and privation. The first patents to land in Birmingham 
 were issued October 6, 1817, to James Whitney for the N. 
 E. i of section 12 ; Abraham Mulett for the S. W. i of sec- 
 tion 28 ; and Patrick McGinness for the S. E. i of section 
 28. October 14, 1817, to Winthrop Dodge for the S. E. I 
 of section 25 ; November 29, 1817, to Elias Duly for the S. 
 W. i of section 3. 
 
 The first to seek a home on the hills of Crooked creek in 
 Birmingham, was Brummel Sapp, an old friend and neigh- 
 bor of the Manlove family in Nurth Carolina, some of whom 
 had left their homes iu that state and arrived in Schuyler 
 county as early as 1821; and had written back glowing de- 
 scriptions of the richness of the soil and the beauty of the 
 country, which information scattered among their old neigh- 
 bors induced many to seek homes in this and adjoining 
 townships, throughout the county. Brummel Sapp was born 
 in North Carolina, in 1790, where he grew to manhood and 
 married. Hearing, through the Manloves of the beautiful 
 country, which offered to all a home, almost free of charge, 
 in the early fall of 1831, he loaded his few household effects 
 iuto a one-horse wagon, drawn by an old, worn-out blind 
 horse, began his long and tiresome journey, accompanied by 
 his wife and children, Harmon, Jefferson, Jacob, Adam and 
 Newell, twins, William P., S. R., and Sarah. After many 
 weeks' travel, he reached Rushville late in fall of 1831. 
 It being late in the season, and the necessaries of life being 
 scarce, he thought it wiser to remain in the settlement, until 
 spring, than to attempt a settlement in the wilderness, at the 
 beginning of winter. He remained in the settlement at 
 Kushville until the spring of 1832; and then moved direct 
 to Birmingham and in the timber within a half mile of 
 Crooked creek, on the S. W. } of the N. E. i of section 3, on 
 vhich he subsequently built his cabin and cleared his fields. 
 He was the first settler in the township ; and away from 
 friends and neighbors he toiled day after day. He sowed 
 the first wheat in the township, a field of three acres, which 
 produced the bountiful yield of one hundred and sixteen 
 bushels. On his old homestead he spent his declining years, 
 surrounded by a large family of children, having witnessed 
 the transformation from a wilderness to a thickly settled and 
 intelligent community, many of whom had shared with him 
 the hardships and privations of the same frontier life, and 
 assisted in making nature the servant instead of the master 
 of man. Mr. Sapp died on the 31st day of March, 1872, 
 at the ripe age of eighty-two years, and left a large family of 
 . children, many of whom are highly respected citizens of the 
 township. David Manlove, an old neighbor of Mr. Sapp, 
 was the first to follow him into Birmingham, ouly two months 
 later. He had left his home in North Carolina, with his 
 father, and arrived in Schuyler county, in the fall of 1824, 
 and had been living in what is Rushville prior to his removal 
 to Birmingham. He brought his effects, and a wife, and 
 his thildien, Elizabeth, Annie, William and Franklin in 
 
 a one horse wagon, and selected for his home the N. W. } of 
 section 3, which he subsequently entered, and upon which he 
 continued to reside, until he bought an interest in a mill and 
 moved to Birmingham village. Moses Manlove, a brother 
 of David, with his wife and family, came into the township 
 and settled on the N. E } of section 5, where he built his 
 cabin and made his home for some years. He came to Bir- 
 mingham at the same time as David ; and an elder brother, 
 Jonathan D., also came with his family and made an im- 
 provement on the N. W. i of section 9, where his son, Wil- 
 liam B., still resides. This same year Peter Popham, a 
 bachelor, with his father, came from Kentucky in the sum- 
 mer and settled on the N. W. i of section 29. A man named 
 Haggard with family took possession of the N. W. i of sec- 
 tion 30. He was a practical wheelwright, and came in- 
 1832. Among the number moving into and assisting in the 
 development of the country in 1833, was a man named Ren- 
 shaw, who arrived with his wife and a family of children and 
 settled on the N. W. } of section 31, and Edward Wade and 
 family, from Morgan county, residents of Tennessee. Wade 
 built his cabin on the W. % of the N. W. t of section 4, 
 bought the land and lived there for many years. He was a 
 soldier of the war of 1812 ; and participated in the battle 
 of New Orleans. He is now residing at Plymouth, Han- 
 cock county, Illinois. David Wade, a brother of Edward, 
 with a wife and family, came from the same place as Edward, 
 and made his home on the S. E. i of section 5. Isaac 
 Pigeon and family were near neighbors of Mr. Sapp in 1833, 
 and improved an adjacent farm. William and Jesse 
 Bodenhammer, brothers, old neighbors of Mr. Sapp and the 
 Manloves, came from North Carolina with their families in 
 the spring of 1833. William Bodenhammer selecled theS. 
 W. I of section 3, built his cabin, and by years of unceasing 
 toil died possessed of a fine farm, on which some of his descen- 
 dants now reside. Jesse Bodtnhammer at first lived with 
 William but afterward moved to the N. W. 1 of section 9, 
 made some improvements and then sold and emigrated to 
 Arkansas. The father-in-law of Brummel Sapp, Adam 
 Wier, with his children, Jacob, Daniel, Barbara and Mar- 
 garet, and Bernard and Samuel, two married sons, arrived 
 from North Carolina, in the spring of 1833. Adam Wier 
 bought the forty acres in the southeast corner of the S. E. I 
 of section 3, and there spent the remainder of his days. 
 Bernard rented a farm, while Samuel improved the S. I of 
 the N. E. i of section 15, where he continued to reside until 
 his death. The Wiers left many descendants in the town- 
 ship, George H. Wier being one of the number. 
 
 The following year (1834) witnessed the arrival and set- 
 tlement of a large number of families in different parts of 
 the township. Among the number were three brothers, 
 Alexander, John and Charles Bilderback, who came from 
 Adams county, where their father had arrived from Ken- 
 tucky some years previously and settled in this county. 
 They came in the spring, and located land, building their 
 cabins and improving their farms. Alexander settled on 
 the northwest quarter of section 28; John on the southwest 
 quarter of section 29, and Charlei on the southeast quarter 
 of section 28. All have children living in the townsnip.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 375 
 
 Those three brothers were followed in the fall of the same year 
 by two other brothers, William H. and James Bilderbaek. 
 William H. selectel the southeast quarter of section 29, and 
 James built his cabin and made his improvements on the 
 adjoining quarter. James G. King also settled in the town- 
 ship the same year, on the southwest quarter of section 4, 
 where he now resides. Alpheus Oliver, a young unmar- 
 ried man, whose parents resided in Adams county, improved 
 the southwest quarter of section 31. Jonathan Thorp, a 
 native of North Carolina, and a relative of the Manloves, 
 moved into Birmingham in the spring of this year. He had 
 been in other parts of the county since 1829, and when he 
 came here he had a wife and family of children. He made 
 a pre-emption of the southeast quarter of section 6, but did 
 not remain long, moving back to Rushville. David Gra- 
 ham, a native of Virginia, was another arrival this year; he 
 was a young unmarried man of considerable education and 
 much energy. He came from Rashville in the spring of 
 1834, where he had been living the previous year. He 
 squatted on the northeast quarter, of section 11, where he 
 built a cabin, and afterwards married a widow lady, Mrs. 
 Frances M. Stout, in January, 1835, and then moved to the 
 site of the present village of Birmingham, and built a mill. 
 He lived in the village the remainder of his days, and reared 
 a large family of children. Robert Wilson, unmarried, a 
 practical mill vvright, arrived a short time after Mr. Gra- 
 ham, and noticing the superior facilities for a mill, sug- 
 gested them to David Graham, who was favorably impressed 
 by them.' Mr. Graham and Wilson at once made prepara- 
 tions to build the mill. Mr. Wilson sold his interest to 
 Moses and David Manlove in 1838, and went further west. 
 Two families from Virginia made settlements in the northern 
 part of the township in 1834. They made the journey in 
 an ox cart. One was Thomas Twidell, with a wife and large 
 family of boys, and settled in Round Prairie; the other was 
 Simeon Morris. John T. Gash and family came from 
 Kentucky at the saire time that Col. Geo. H. Briscoe 
 and John L. Ewing, of Huntsville, arrived in 1835, 
 settled in Birmingham township, built his cabin, and cul- 
 tivated the southwest quarter of section 33. His family 
 WM composed almost entirely of boys. He moved to Macomb, 
 Illinois, some years ago, where he died. William Ed*ards 
 and family followed their old neighbors from North Carolina, 
 and came into the township in the spring of 1835, improved 
 a farm, after building a cabin on the southwest quarter of 
 section 6, where they spent many years ; subsequently sold 
 out, moved to Hancock county, and finally returned to 
 the village of Birmingham, where the old gentleman died. 
 The ora nunity was still further increased in 1836. by the 
 anival of James and Harrison Graham, brothers of David 
 Graham, who brought their mother, and made their homes 
 in the village with their brother. They cams direct from 
 Virginia, and were accompanied by Jonathan Tucker, a 
 MethodUt minister and a native of Kentucky, who also 
 made his home in the village. John L. Carden and family 
 also came with the Grahams from the same place, and after 
 building his cabin, he purchased the southwest quarter of 
 section 14, which he made oue of the finest farms in the 
 
 county. His son, John S. Carden, now owns and occupies 
 th-i old homestead, with his family. The old gentleman has 
 been dead several years. Among those who found homes 
 in this romantic and fertile section of the township in 18*i7 
 was a well-educated young man, William Noel, who was 
 single when he came to the village of Birmingham, but 
 soon afterwards found a wife in the person of Sarah Graham. 
 He bought and improved the south half of section 11, and 
 spent his days in enriching his home. His widow survives 
 him and resides upon the home-place, with her son, C. C. 
 Noel. S. S. Walker and Edward Whipple were in the 
 county as early a-< 1838, and may be classed among those 
 known as old settlers— the pioneers who struggled with 
 nature and improved the township. 
 
 The marriage of David Graham and Mrs. Frances M. 
 Stout, on the 15th day of January, 1835, was the first 
 wedding ceremony in the township. An infant daughter, 
 born to Mrs. Bruramel Sapp, was the first birth, and by the 
 subsequent death of the child while a mere babe in 1834, 
 together with its burial upon the home-place, was chronicled 
 the first death, and the location of the first graveyard, in the 
 township. Peter Borin, a Methodist minister, preached the 
 first sermon at the house of Mr. Sapp, in the summer of 
 1833. Revs. W. Pitner and John P. Richmond, both 
 Methodists, were the pioneer preachers ; and the first physi- 
 cians to practice were : Drs. North, John P. Richmond and 
 Hubert Grizzle. David Manlove was the first justice of the 
 peace, and dealt out justice to all in a fair and even-handed 
 manner. Austin Wheeler had the first forge in the town- 
 ship, where the village now stands, as early as 1834. We 
 have previously alluded to the first mill in the recital of the 
 arrival of Robert Wilson. Upon the acceptance, by David 
 Graham, of the proposition made by Robert Wilson to build 
 a mill, work was at once commenced on the dam. It was 
 vigorously prosecuted, and by the spring of 1836, the first 
 grist was ground. The mill was a neat two-story frame 
 building, the first erected in the township, and the motive 
 power was . obtained through the medium of an undershot 
 water-wheel. The burrs were brought from St. Louis. When 
 first completed, the mill was purely a grist-mill, and at a 
 later period a saw-mill was added. After serving the people 
 of this township for nearly half a century, the high water of 
 1882 undermined it, and on the 5th day of May, it was 
 carried down Crooked creek, and the only vestige that now 
 remains is the dam, over which the waters roll, singing a 
 requiem of the past. The roads of the township at the 
 present day are in a good condition, and conveniently located. 
 The numerous streams are spanned by substantial bridges, 
 making it convenient in getting to all parts of the town- 
 ship. Outside of the village there is a handsome frame 
 edifice belonging to the United Brethren congregation. It 
 was built in 1857, on the northwest quarter of section 18, 
 but has since been removed to the northwest quarter of Sec. 17. 
 It is worth about "$500. Rev. John Carr is the present 
 pastor. The building is known as Mount Harmony Chapel. 
 
 The schools of the township are eight in number, all pro- 
 vided with neat and comfortable frame buildings, well tup- 
 plied with furniture and the necessary apparatus for their
 
 376 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.' 
 
 successful operation. The annual term is six months. The 
 fiirancial condition is of the most flattering character. The 
 timber of the township is of the most valuable species and 
 abundant in supply, while building stone of all kinds is 
 plentiful along the banks of Crooked creek. A quarry has 
 been opened on the northwest quarter of section 11, from 
 which a superior quality of limestone has been taken, and of 
 which the piers of the bridges over Crooked and Flower 
 creeks were constructed, and they have withstood the erosion 
 of the waters for many years without perceptible efl*ect. A 
 portable steam saw mill now situated on the northeast quarter 
 of section 9, belonging to and operated by George \V. Smith, 
 is now the only manufacturing establishment. The citizens 
 of Birmingham are social, courteous and progressive, re- 
 specting the laws and observing the Golden Rule. Nature 
 has bestowed her bounties upon them liberally. The census 
 report of 1880 gives the number of improved farms as 201, 
 and places the population at 1,074. 
 
 The township has always been represented in the board of 
 supervisors by some of its most intelligent, progressive and 
 representative men, whose influence has been felt in every 
 work of a substantial and beneficial character. The follow- 
 ing is a list of supervisors from the time that the county 
 adopted township organization to the present time. The 
 first to represent the township was Col. James G King, who 
 was elected in 1854 and served until 1857. Solomon Twidell 
 was elected in 1857, and was succeeded by Col. James G. 
 King in 1858, who was followed by Solomon Twidell in 
 185:4-60. William Dron was elected in 1861, and was 
 chosen as the representative for five consecutive terms. His 
 tenure of office expired in 1867. when William T. McCreery 
 was chosen and served one year. John T. Wycoff was 
 elected in 1868, and served one term ; and then William T. 
 McCreery was the representative until 1871. Edward 
 Whipple was elected in 1871, and served one year. William 
 T. McCreery was again returned three years in succession, 
 and in 1873 and '74, was chosen chairman of the board, 
 Marcus Whetstone was elected in 1875 and served one year, 
 and was succeeded by William T. McCreery, who served a 
 year. A. L. Beard was the representative in 1877-78. 
 Marcus Whetstone was again chosen in 1879, and has per. 
 formed his duties with such ability that he has been the 
 supervisor ever since, and is the present incumbent The 
 township took its name from the village. 
 
 BIRMINGHAM VILLAGE. 
 
 Nestled in a pretty and romantic valley, upon the east 
 bank of Crooked creek, in the northeastern corner of the 
 township bearing the same name, is the pleasant little village 
 
 of Birmingham, with its neat little houses, well-kept lawns, 
 and quiet beauty. The bridge spanning Crooked creek, and 
 below, the old mill dam, over which the clear waters flow 
 with a ceaseless roar, add to its beauty and break what 
 would otherwise be a painful silence; while south of the 
 village lies the silent city of the dead — the Birmingham 
 Cemetery — on a beautiful knoll, shaded by the trees of the 
 forest, and ornamented with white monuments, marking the 
 resting place of the departed loved ones. The cemetery was 
 located in 1835, and is handsomely kept. 
 
 The waters of the creek rush pa-t the village with great 
 velocity and with sufficient volume to make the place one of 
 the most desirable manufacturing sites in the state. The site 
 of the village was surveyed and platted by county surveyor 
 Allen Persinger, July 1st, 1836, for David Graham, David 
 Manlove and Moses Manlove, the original proprietors. It 
 is situated on the northeast quarter of section 11. The 
 village at one time gave promise of reaching some promi- 
 nence, as there were located some years ago, a large tannery, 
 a harness shop, employing five hands, two large stores, two 
 cooper shops and a large fanning mill manufactory, but 
 they have long since disappeared, and no sounds of manufac- 
 turing interests now greet the ears of the residents. The 
 first house built in the town was the double log-cabin of 
 David Graham and Robert Wilson, which they built and 
 occupied together while constructing the mill in 1835. 
 Harrison Graham, in 1S38, opened the first store, and had 
 for a partner either Elihu or Cyrus Meredith. The first 
 post-office was established about the year 1839, and William 
 Noel was the first postmaster. The first hotel was kept by 
 Jonathan Tucker, in 1845. The first school was taught by 
 William Noel, in a small log building in the village, in the 
 year 1837. The first church ever built in the township, was 
 the small frame building erected by the Protestant Metho- 
 dists in the village, in 1852. 
 
 PRESENT BUSINESS, CHURCHES, SCHOOLS, &C 
 
 General Store. — Wilson & Myers. 
 
 Postmaster.— G. W. Howell. 
 
 Physician. — Nicholas Wilson. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — Groves & Casey. 
 
 Wagonmaker. — William Alters. 
 
 Shoemaker. — Solomon C. Sell. 
 
 Justice of the Peace. — David Sapp. 
 
 There is a handsome, little frame church in the village 
 belonging to the Protestant Methodists, and was built in 
 1865. The present pastor is Rev. Winans. 
 
 The school-house is a neat frame building, and the annual 
 session of school is seven months. But one teacher is em- 
 ployed.
 
 PARTIAL LIST OF PATRONS. 
 
 [SCHUYLER COUNTY.] 
 
 CITY OF RUSHVILLE. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Anderson, Edwin M., 
 
 Bogue, Mark, 
 
 Bagby, John S., 
 
 Loucilla Walker, 
 
 Brannstool, George, 
 
 Elizabeth Reiffy, 
 
 Bagby, John C, 
 
 Mary A. Scripps, 
 
 Baker, George W., 
 
 Man- L. Rose, 
 
 Oariin, S. E., 
 
 Josephine Boozle, 
 
 Craske, Henry 
 
 Ellen M. Jones 
 
 Crosier, William A 
 
 Susan C. Boileau, 
 
 Campbell, J. Nelson, 
 
 Susan Washabaugh, 
 
 Dyson, Edwin, 
 
 Mary F. Irwin, 
 
 Fowler, William, 
 
 Jane Cochran, 
 
 Foote, J 
 
 Martha A. Childs, 
 
 Greer, R. L., 
 
 Jane E. McMaster, 
 
 Griffith, Reese H., 
 
 Susan Stebbins, 
 
 Hutton, F. J., 
 
 EllaFrisby, 
 
 Hall, George E., 
 
 Belle R. Baird, 
 
 Hammond, Jacob, 
 
 Sarah M. Lawler, 
 
 Jackson, Ezra. 
 
 Emily Brunk, 
 
 Jackson, Felix, 
 
 Mary A. Greer, 
 
 Knowles, John, 
 
 Cornelia H. Reno, 
 
 Larash, W. I., 
 
 Emilia A. Homey, 
 
 Leaton, James, 
 
 Lockerby, Sarah E., 
 
 Little, George, 
 
 Lloyd, Mary J., dec'd, 
 
 Lydia E. Scripps, 
 
 Leach, E. D 
 
 Harriet J. Patterson, 
 
 Lee, Frank, 
 
 Elizabeth Morrell, 
 
 Montgomery, S. B., 
 
 Jennie F. Worthington,... 
 
 McCreery, James G., 
 
 Anna M. Putman, 
 
 Nell, Augustus, 
 
 Mary E. Beard, 
 
 Neill, John, 
 
 Eliza A. Jones, 
 
 Niemann, Hr A 
 
 Anna M. Clark, 
 
 Palmer, Samuel C, 
 
 Annie J. Goodman, 
 
 Packard, Nathan, 
 
 Bella M. O'Dell, 
 
 Rader, William H. H., 
 
 Rader, Clara, 
 
 Ray, Dwight E., 
 
 Snivelv, E. A 
 
 Scott, Thomas W., 
 
 Smith, H. A 
 
 Alice S. Jefferson, 
 
 Webster, Daniel, 
 
 Fanny F Kaufman, 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Rushville, 
 
 Rushville, . 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Rushville, . 
 
 Rushville,. 
 
 Springfield, Springfield,, 
 
 Rushville, Rushville,.. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Drugs, Books and Stationery, 
 
 County Clerk, 
 
 Student at Law, 
 
 Wife of John S. Bagby 
 
 Livery, Feed and Sale Stable, 
 
 Wife of George Brannstool, 
 
 Attorney at Law, . 
 
 Wife of John C. Bagby, 
 
 Deputy Sheriff and Constable, 
 
 Wife of George W. Baker 
 
 Attorney at Law, 
 
 Wife of S. E. Carlin, 
 
 Grocer and General Produce, 
 
 jWife of Henry Craske, 
 
 'Dealer in Marble and Granite, 
 
 jWife of William A. Crosier, 
 
 ;Prop. of Steam Saw Mill, Dealer and Shipper in Hard Wood Lumber 
 
 Wife of J. Nelson Campbell, 
 
 Editor and Publisher Rushville Times, 
 
 Wife of Edwin Dyson, 
 
 Family Groceries, 
 
 jWife of William Fowler, 
 
 Owner and Proprietor Knitting Factory, 
 
 [Wife of J. Foote, 
 
 Groceries, Glass and Queensware, 
 
 jWife of R. L. Greer 
 
 'Hardware Merchant, 
 
 jWife of Reese H. Griffith,.... 
 
 Dealer in Marble and Granite, 
 
 jWife of F. J. Hutton, 
 
 'Hardware and Farm implements, 
 
 Wife of George E. Hall, 
 
 Postmaster, 
 
 'Wife of Jacob Hammond, 
 
 Proprietor City Hotel, 
 
 'Wife of Ezra Jackson, 
 
 Salesman, : 
 
 [Wife of Felix Jackson, 
 
 Minister Baptist Church, 
 
 [Wife of John Knowles 
 
 Ed. and Pub'r of Schuyler County Citizen,.... 
 
 IWife of W. I. Larash, 
 
 (Minister M. E. Church, 
 
 Wife of James Leaton, 
 
 Banker, 
 
 First Wife of George Little, 
 
 Present Wife of George Little, 
 
 Drv Goods, Boots and Shoes, 
 
 Wife of E. D. Leach, 
 
 [Harness Manufacturer, 
 
 iWife of Frank Lee, 
 
 Attorney at Law 
 
 Wife of S. B. Montgomery, 
 
 Drugs and Books 
 
 Wife of James G. McCreery 
 
 Hardware and Farm Implements, 
 
 Wife of Augustus Nell, 
 
 Sheriff, 
 
 Wife of John Neill, 
 
 Barber and Hair-dresser, 
 
 Wife of H. A. Niemann, 
 
 Minister Presbyterian Church, 
 
 Wife of Samuel C. Palmer, 
 
 Proprietor Flour Mill, 
 
 Wile of Nathan Packard, 
 
 Circuit Clerk, 
 
 Wife of William H. H. Rader, 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Lewisburg, Va...... 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,. 
 
 Germany, . 
 
 Cape Girardeau Co.Mo 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,... 
 
 Fulton Co., 111.,. 
 
 Suffolk, England, 
 
 Herkimer Co., N. Y.,.. 
 
 Juniata Co., Pa., 
 
 Montgomery Co., Pa., 
 Westmoreland Co., Pa. 
 
 Fayette Co., Pa., 
 
 England, 
 
 Kentucky, 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 Belmont Co., Ohio,.... 
 
 England, 
 
 Maine, 
 
 Ireland, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Wales, , 
 
 Hartford, Conn., 
 
 Adams Co., 111., 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,... 
 
 1862 
 1862 
 1873 
 1874 
 1841 
 
 Knox Co., 111., 
 
 Knox Co., Ohio,... 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,. 
 Scott Co., Ind...... 
 
 Morgan Co., 111.,.. 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,. 
 
 England, 
 
 Green Co., 111., 
 
 Allentown, Pa., 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,.. 
 
 England, 
 
 Tioga Co., N. Y.,... 
 Lancaster Co., Pa.,. 
 
 Cape Girardeau Co.Mo 
 Trumbull Co., Ohio,. 
 Adar Co., Kentucky 
 Mahoning Co., Ohio,.. 
 
 Germany, 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,... 
 
 Clerk Supreme Court, 
 
 Retired Capitalist, 
 
 Principal of Rushville Common School,. 
 
 Wife of H. A. Smith, 
 
 Confectioner and Oyster House, 
 
 Wife of Daniel Webster, 
 
 Ireland, 
 
 Montgomery Co., N. Y 
 
 Germany, 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Germany, 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,., 
 Portage Co., Ohio, 
 Cincinnati, Ohio,.., 
 
 Knox Co., 111., 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.,., 
 Rush Co., Ind., 
 
 Montgomery Co., Ind. 
 Grafton Co., N. H...... 
 
 Cook Co., 111., 
 
 Cayuga Co., N. Y., 
 
 Lancaster Co., Pa., 
 
 1852 
 1852 
 1876 
 1851 
 1854 
 1871 
 1863 
 
 1829 
 
 1849 
 1849 
 1846 
 1856 
 1875 
 1857 
 1881 
 1881 
 1836 
 1840 
 1836 
 1845 
 
 1848 
 1861 
 1849 
 1854 
 1828 
 1832 
 1853 
 1841 
 1846 
 1846 
 1869 
 1859 
 1882 
 1882 
 1872 
 1860 
 1868 
 1864 
 
 1829 
 1875 
 1875 
 1873 
 1873 
 
 48
 
 878 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CITY OF RUSHVUXE-costim-kd. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Wells, Charles H., 
 
 Tede Turny, 
 
 ' Warren, Augustus, 
 
 Mary Speed, 
 
 Walker, P. H 
 
 i Susan MeCrosky, .. 
 
 1 Wilson, Thomas,... 
 Susan Clark, 
 
 Rushville, . 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 jWHES 
 | CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 Rushville, Clothier, Schuyler Co., 111., 1846 
 
 Wife of Charles H. Wells, 1879 
 
 " Banker, Winchester, Tenn., 1833 
 
 " Wife of Augustus Warren, Danville, Kv., 1855 
 
 " Judge Supreme Court, Adair Co., Ky., 1834 
 
 Wife of P. H. Walker, Adair Co., Ky., 1834 
 
 " JGeneral Merchandise, Ireland, 1837 
 
 " Wife of Thomas Wilson, Westmoreland Co., Pa. 1837 
 
 RUSHVILLE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 C Benton, L. M. (nee Dupuy) 
 J Benton, George R., m. d.,.. 
 
 | A. G. Dupuy, 
 
 | C. A. Dupuy (nee Metz),.. 
 
 ! Barnes, Amanda P., 
 Barnes, James W., 
 Bellomy, George W., 
 .Frances A. Greer 
 
 f Brewer, James M., 
 
 I Sebra A. Shore, 
 
 (Crandall, Harvey F., 
 
 Pleasant View,. Pleasant View, 
 
 Died Oct. 28,'64 ! 
 
 Pleasant View,. Pleasant View, 
 
 Rushville, . 
 Died April 3,76 
 Pleasant View, 
 
 Mary Agnes Sands,. 
 
 Dimmick, Ebenezer, , 
 
 Margaret Philips, 
 
 Sarah Lord, . 
 
 Mallory, Warren, 
 
 Clementine Gardner, 
 
 Mary E. Race, 
 
 McMaster, Robert B., 
 
 Rachel Quinn, 
 
 Portwood, Stephen, 
 
 Jenett Lawler, 
 
 Potts, John T 
 
 Sadie E. Goodwin, 
 
 Serff, A. H 
 
 Catherine Trone, 
 
 Amanda E. Pierce, 
 
 Teel, James A., 
 
 Elizabeth Smith 
 
 Vance, John S., 
 
 Vance, Lucv A., 
 
 Wliitson, Wilbur P., 
 
 •; Marv A. Tavlor 
 
 | Eliza E. Bellomy, 
 
 ( Wheelhouse, Samuel D.,.. 
 
 ^Ida McKee, 
 
 I Nancy J. Black, 
 
 •Sect. 21,.. 
 
 Sect. 35, 
 
 Sect. 35, 
 
 Rushville Sect. 31, 
 
 Sect. 31 
 
 Sect. 12, 
 
 Sect. 12 
 
 Pleasant View,. Pleasant View, 
 
 Deceased, ' 
 
 Pleasant View,. Pleasant View, 
 (i a u tt 
 
 Died Dec. 16,73' 
 
 Pleasant View, Pleasant View, 
 Rushville, Sect. 22, 
 
 Sect. 22 
 
 Sect. 19 
 
 Sect. 19 
 
 Sect. 19, 
 
 Sect. 19, 
 
 Sect. 28, 
 
 Died May 29,72 
 
 Rushville, iSect. 28 
 
 'Sect. 2 
 
 " Sect. 2 ... 
 
 Pleasant View, Sect. 36, 
 
 " iSect. 36 
 
 Rujhville, Sect. 28, 
 
 Died Dec. 26,'61 
 
 Rushville, Sect. 28 
 
 ISect. 19, 
 
 Died April 4,'80| 
 
 Rushville, Sect. 19 
 
 Retired Teacher ;Greentrp Co., Ky., 
 
 Late husband of L. M. Benton, Adams Co., 111., 
 
 Father of L. M. Benton, Greenup Co., Ky., 
 
 Mother of L. M. Benton, Harrison Co., Va., 
 
 Farming and Stock Raiser, Westmoreland Co., Pa 
 
 Late husband of Amanda P. Barnes " " 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and T'ship Supervisor Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Wife of George W. Bellomy, , Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Farmer Muskingum Co., Ohio, 
 
 Wife of James M. Brewer, Clay Co., 111., 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser, Fulton Co., 111., 
 
 Wife of Harvey F. Crandall jSchuyler Co., 111., 
 
 General Merchant and Postmaster, Ontario Co., N. Y., 
 
 First wife of Ebenezer Dimmick ' 
 
 Present wife of Ebenezer Dimmick, England, 
 
 General Merchandise, Brown Co., Ill 
 
 First wife of Warren Mallory, Morgan Co., 111., 
 
 Present wife of Warren Mallory, Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Highland Co., Ohio,... 
 
 Wife of Robert B. McMaster, Hardin Co., 111.,.. 
 
 Farmer and Coal Mining, Kentucky, 
 
 Wife of Stephen Portwood, Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Farmer and Prop, of Rushville Nurseries,... Ross Co., Ohio,... 
 
 1834 
 1852 
 1834 
 1834 
 1857 
 1857 
 1850 
 1848 
 1867 
 1854 
 1867 
 1859 
 1829 
 
 1840 
 1846 
 
 Rushville, 111.,. 
 York Co., Pa.,.. 
 York Co., Pa.,.. 
 
 Wife of John T. Potts, 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser, 
 First wife of A. H. Serff,.. 
 
 Present wife of A. H. Serff, Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Farmer and Short Horn Breeder, Washington Co., Pa.,. 
 
 Wife of Jumes A. Teel Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 'Farmer and Stock Raiser, Schuyler Co., 111.,..,.. 
 
 Sister of John S. Vance, Livington Co., Ky.,... 
 
 Farmer and Breeding of Fine Stock, Lancaster Co., Pa., 
 
 First wife of Wilber F. Whitson, | 
 
 Present wife of Wilber F. Whitson, Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser, California. 
 
 First wife of Samuel D. Wheelhouse, Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 Present wife of Samuel D. Wheelhouse Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 1862 
 1838 
 1836 
 1858 
 1856 
 1852 
 1848 
 1866 
 1866 
 1842 
 1835 
 1834 
 1832 
 1829 
 1837 
 
 1839 
 1859 
 1860 
 1861 
 
 BAINBRIDGE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Burnsidc, Thomas, 
 
 \ Sarah J. Henry, 
 
 ( Bell, Emily (nee Mason),.J 
 
 < James Cokenour, 
 
 I Bell, Andrew J 
 
 (Chord, James, 
 
 -{ Lucinda A. Edmonston,... 
 ( Sophrona A. Naught, 
 
 Dawson, Solena, nee Black 
 
 William J. Clark 
 
 George H. Reddick, 
 
 Joseph Day 
 
 Dawson, William, 
 
 Davis, John W., 
 
 I Alice J. Mead, 
 
 ( Howell, Jacob 
 
 f Rachael A. Parker 
 
 Hatfield, Hugh E., 
 
 Louisa M. Swan, 
 
 Hatfield, Charles 
 
 Mary Lamaster, 
 
 Rushville, 
 
 14 
 
 Frederick, 
 
 Died Ap'l 23,'57 
 
 " July 28,79 
 
 Rushville, 
 
 Died July 20,'60 
 
 Rushville 
 
 u 
 
 Died July 17/80 
 " Sept. 22,'65 
 " Jan. 29,73 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Sect. 8 
 
 Sect. 8 
 
 Sect. 27 
 
 Sect. 30,..!. 
 
 Sect. 30 
 
 Sect. 6,1 s.R.l w 
 
 Sect. 6,1 S.R.I W 
 
 Sect, 7, 
 
 Sect. 7 
 
 Sect. 19 
 
 Sect. 19 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20, 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser, Co. Fermanagh, Ir'nd, 1841 
 
 Wife of Thomas Burnside, Allegheny Co., Pa 1842 
 
 Farming Beaver Co., Pa., 1841 
 
 'First husband of Emily Bell,.. Perry Co., Ill 1834 
 
 Late husband of Emily Bell, Schuyler Co., 111., 1829 
 
 Carpenter and Farmer, Jacksonville, 111., 1842 
 
 First wife of James Chord, Schuvler Co., 111., 18S3 
 
 Present wife of James Chord " " " 1832 
 
 Farming, Rushville, 111., 1827 
 
 First husband of Solena Dawson Allegheny Co., Pa...... 1855 
 
 Second husband of Solena Dawson, North Carolina, 1885 
 
 Third husband of Solena Dawson, Ohio,... 1836 
 
 Present husband of Solena Dawson, Wayne Co., Ohio, 1854 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., 111.,.. 
 
 'Wife of John W. Davis Schuvler Co., III.,. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser,.. 
 
 Wife of Jacob Howell, 
 
 'Farmer and Stock Raiser... 
 'Wife of Hugh E. Hatfield,. 
 (Retired, 
 
 Mercer Co., Kv.,- 
 Wife of Charles Hatfield Henry Co., Ky'.,... 
 
 1851 
 1853 
 1833 
 1837 
 1830 
 1837 
 1826 
 1826
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 379 
 
 BAINBRIDGE TOWNSHIP.-«>ntinued. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Howell, Thomas S 
 
 Sarah C. Newbury....: 
 
 ' Harris, Aaron V 
 
 Rebecca Naught 
 
 Hunter, George R 
 
 Jacobs, Lewis H 
 
 Jacobs, CynthaA. nee Black 
 
 Krohe, Lewis E 
 
 Korte, Sophia M 
 
 Kuhn, William 
 
 Hannah E. Lawler 
 
 Lawler, John Hugh 
 
 Alvira Edmonston 
 
 Almira E. Perry 
 
 v Mary O'Connor 
 
 i Lawler, John W 
 Sossie M. Patterson 
 Rittenhouse, Enoch 
 Lucinda Terril 
 
 f Stover, Samuel 
 
 ■j Maria Campbell 
 
 (Saloam E. Vaughan 
 
 f Strong, Frances, nee Quinn 
 
 ) Strong, George W 
 
 C Tyson, William T 
 
 Sarah J. Scott 
 
 Tomlinson, Samuel 
 
 Tomlinson, Em., nee Clark 
 
 Cassandry Clark 
 
 ' Underhifl, W. B 
 
 Jane Robinson 
 
 Ward, James M 
 
 Hannah E.Saylor, nee Sisk 
 
 Ward, Major A 
 
 Emily J. Davis 
 
 Ward, E. M 
 
 Margaret J. Baldwin 
 
 Lydia J. Bridgman 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Frederick . 
 Frederick . 
 Rushville .. 
 Rushville .. 
 Pleasant ViewJSect. 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 Died Feb. 20,71 1 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 ISect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Centre Sect. 
 
 Died April 8/48 
 
 Died May 9/71 
 
 Centre ;Sect. 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 : Sect. 
 
 'Sect. 
 
 {Sect. 
 
 " 'Sect. 
 
 Died Sep. 29/74J 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 Pleasant View.. Sect. 
 
 Died Oct. 4, '69 
 
 Frederick Sect. 
 
 Died Feb. 22,78 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 DiedMay 10/48] 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 ! Sect. 
 
 [Sect. 
 
 Pleasant View.. Sect. 
 Died Jan. 12/74 
 Pleasant View. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 28 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 28 |Wife of Thomas S. Howell 
 
 30 'Farmer 
 
 30 Wife of Arron Harris 
 
 1 jDealer in Real Estate 
 
 20 Farmer 
 
 Late wife of Lewis H. Jacobs 
 
 32 : Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 32 {Wife of Lewis E. Krohe 
 
 18 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 18 iWifeof William Kuhn 
 
 22 jFarmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 {First wife of John Hugh Lawler 
 
 [Second wife of John Hugh Lawler.. 
 
 22 Present wife of John Hugh Lawler.. 
 
 18 Fanner and Stock Raiser., 
 
 18 
 
 21.... 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 ... Wife of John W. Lawler 
 
 ... Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 21 Wife of Enoch Rittenhouse.. 
 
 4 [Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 ... First wife of Samuel Stover. 
 
 20 
 
 Died April 3/6* 
 Pleasant View. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 4 Present wife of Samuel Stover 
 
 1 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late husband of Frances Strong 
 
 11 {Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 .... Late wife of William T. Tyson 
 
 .... Farmer 
 
 iFirst wife of Samuel Tomlinson 
 
 20 {Present wife of Samuel Tomlinson.. 
 
 30 Carpenter and Farmer 
 
 30 [Wife of W. B. Underhill 
 
 11 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of James M. Ward 
 
 10 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 10 Wife of Major A. Ward 
 
 10 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of E. M. Ward 
 
 10 Present wife of E. M. Ward , 
 
 Guilford Co., N.C... 
 Washington Co., Ohio 
 
 Dubois Co., Ind 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Rushville, 111 
 
 Vermillion Co., 111.. 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Cass Co., Ill 
 
 Germany 
 
 Westmoreland Co., Pa. 
 Muskingum Co., Ohio, 
 
 Fauquier Co., Va 
 
 Dubois Co., Ind 
 
 St. Lawrence Co., N.Y. 
 
 France 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Switzerland Co., Ind... 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 West Virginia....? 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Portsmouth, Ohio, 
 
 Floyd Co., Ind 
 
 Floyd Co., Ind ... 
 
 Washington Co., Ohio 
 
 Meadsville, Pa 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Hamilton Co., Ind.. 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Morgan Co., Ill 
 
 WIIKN 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 1829 
 1835 
 1829 
 1833 
 1836 
 1830 
 1835 
 1859 
 1859 
 1849 
 1841 
 1835 
 1834 
 1843 
 1848 
 1845 
 1853 
 1849 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 1855 
 1844 
 1842 
 1841 
 1832 
 1861 
 
 1861 
 1847 
 1847 
 1840 
 1870 
 1836 
 1842 
 1843 
 
 1868 
 
 FREDERICK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Bellomy, Josiah F 
 
 j Maggie Furbee 
 
 j Brines, Rosuell 
 
 j Delilah Norton 
 
 i Darnell, Jesse 
 Louisa Utter 
 Deane, Hudson M 
 Elizabeth Messerer 
 
 Darnell, John M 
 
 'Farwell, Maro 
 
 Ann L. Fellows 
 
 [Gillespie, James E 
 
 Sarah J. Stansbury 
 
 Grimwood, Wesley M. 
 Alice A. Bartholow.... 
 Grimwood, Charles M 
 Grimwood, Anna E.... 
 
 ( llinton, John B 
 
 (Polly Rice 
 
 !Jocoba, Andrew 
 Margaret Sudetb 
 Linn, David C 
 Delia C. Truitt 
 
 Utter, John 
 
 Fredericksville Sect, 
 Sect, 
 Pleasant View. 
 
 Died Oct. 1, '47 
 Fredericksville 
 Fredericksville 
 
 Sec.31,2N.R.lE 
 Sec.31,2N.R.lE 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Fredericksville 
 Fredericksville 
 
 Pleasant ViewJSect. 6. 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 it 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 it 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 u 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 u 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 u 
 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 Died Ju'e 25,78 
 Died Oct.— ,'68 
 Fredericksville. 
 Fredericksville. 
 
 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 Fredericksville.] Fredericksville. 
 Fredericksville/ Fredericksville. 
 Fredericksville. Fredericksville. 
 Fredericksville. | Fredericksville. 
 Fredericksville.! Sect. 6 
 
 Farmer and Township Assessor , 
 
 Wife of Josiah F. Bellomy , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Rosuell Brines 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of Jesse Darnell 
 
 Hotel and Justice of the Peace 
 
 i Wife of Hudson M. Dean 
 
 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 {Retired Merchant , 
 
 {Wife of Maro Farwell 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 {Wife of James E. Gillespie 
 
 Wagon Manufacturer 
 
 Wife of Wesley M. Grimwood 
 
 Father of Wesley M. Grimwood 
 
 Mother of Wesley M. Grimwood 
 
 Farmer and Township Supervisor 
 
 Wife of John B. Hinton 
 
 Groceries, Queensware and Hardware. 
 
 Wife of Andrew Jocoba 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of David C. Linn 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Gallia Co., Ohio 
 
 Tyler Co., Va 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Wayne Co., Ohio 
 
 Wabash Co., Ill 
 
 Dutches Co., N. Y 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Chesire Co., N. H 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Beaver Co., Pa 
 
 Vermillion Co., Ill 
 
 Acron, Ohio 
 
 Knox Co., Ohio 
 
 England 
 
 Mackinaw, Mich 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Mercer Co., Ohio 
 
 Butler Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Franklin Co., Ind 
 
 Baltimore, Md 
 
 Allegany Co., N. Y.... 
 
 1834 
 1837 
 1827 
 1829 
 1834 
 1829 
 1855 
 1841 
 1843 
 1848 
 1828 
 1882 
 1882 
 1861 
 1878 
 1859 
 1861 
 1837 
 1840 
 1834 
 1852 
 1858 
 1859 
 1837 
 
 BIRMINGHAM TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Bilderback, Charles Huntsville 
 
 I Sarah L. Crawford Died Aug.26/81 
 
 (Carden, John S Birmingham ... 
 
 \ Carden, John L Died July 4,71 
 
 | Carden, Polly, nee Stodgell Died Oct. 4, '57 
 
 Sect. 28.. 
 
 Sect. 14.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of Charles Bilderback 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of John S. Carden 
 
 Molher of John S. Carden 
 
 Lewis Co., Ky 
 
 I Lewis Co., Ky 
 
 'Schuyler Co, 111.. 
 ; Botetourt Co., Va 
 [Monroe Co., Va .. 
 
 1834 
 1857 
 1839 
 1837 
 1837
 
 380 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 
 
 BIRMINGHAM 
 
 TOWNSHIP.— COST1SBKD. 
 
 
 
 FAME. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 WBE» 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 
 
 Birmingham.... 
 Died Jan. 8, 79 
 Birmingham.... 
 
 Died Feb. 9, '82 
 
 Birmingham.... 
 DiedJu'e 20/63 
 Birmingham.... 
 
 Sect. 4 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Ired«U Co., N. C 
 Iredell Co., N. C 
 
 1834 
 
 
 Marv A Hall 
 
 Sect. 4 
 
 
 1835 
 
 
 Noel C. C 
 
 Sect. 9 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and Dealer 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.. 1830 
 Davidson Co., N. C... 1846 
 
 
 Wife of Wm. B. Manlove 
 
 
 Sect 11 
 
 
 SchuVler Co., Ill 1856 
 
 
 Noel William 
 
 Father of C. C. Noel 
 
 Lancaster Co., Pa 1834 
 
 
 Noel, Anna (nee Totten)... 
 
 Sect. 11 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Mother of C. C. Noel 
 
 
 1834 
 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Davidson Co., N. C... 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Cecil Co., Md 
 
 1846 
 
 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 
 1844 
 
 
 Walker S S 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 
 1838 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 T,nte wife of S. S_ Walter 
 
 1837 
 
 
 
 Shaftsbury, Yt 
 
 1838 
 
 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 
 Bethlehem, Conn I8SS 
 
 
 
 Sect. 15 
 
 
 Srhnvler f!o Til 11841 
 
 
 Martha E.Wells 
 
 
 First wife of George H. Wier Adams Co., I1L 1862 
 
 Present wife of Georee H. Wier. Rmwn On. Til ; 18R7 
 
 
 
 Sect. 15 
 
 
 
 
 rieseui, wue in weur fe e xi. 
 
 
 
 HICKORY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 (Gregory, J. H Sheldons Grove 
 
 I Lovina Shelden Sheldons Grove 
 
 ' Kelly, James M Sheldons Grove 
 
 Kelly, Emily 'Sheldons Grove 
 
 ' Schu'ltz, H. C Sheldons Grove 
 
 Anna Heidenreich Sheldons Grove 
 
 I Thompson, Wakeman Sheldons Grove 
 
 Elizabeth Hooton jDied M'h 13/51 
 
 Mahala Hooten IDied Oct 6, 75 
 
 'Jones, J. S IBader 
 
 Pricie M. Robertson.. 
 'Jones, William B.. 
 Anna Gieraan 
 
 Died Oct. 23,77 
 
 Bader 
 
 Bader 
 
 Sect. 8 (Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 8 [Wife of J. H. Gregory 
 
 Sect. 17 i Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 17 iWife of James M. Kelly 
 
 Sect 9 Farmer, Stock Raiser and Grocer. . 
 
 Sect. 9 Wife of H. C. Schultz 
 
 Sect. 4 ! Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of Wakeman Thompson.. 
 
 Late wife of Wakeman Thompson.. 
 
 Sect. 7 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of J. S. Jones 
 
 Sect. 7 [Farmer and Stock Raiser — 
 
 Sect. 7 Wife of William B. Jones 
 
 .Montgomery Co., Ind. 
 
 .Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 .Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 .Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 . Prussia, Ger 
 
 .'Saxen-Weimer, Ger... 
 .(Washington Co., Pa... 
 
 JCarroll Co., Ohio 1844 
 
 .Carroll Co., Ohio 1844 
 
 JMonroe Co., Ky 1836 
 
 jMcDonough Co., 111... 1848 
 
 .'Schuyler Co., Ill 1858 
 
 .Fulton Co., Ill 1860 
 
 1836 
 1840 
 1857 
 1858 
 1857 
 1857 
 1844 
 
 LITTLETON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Applegate, Madison 
 
 Mary A. Ross 
 
 Agnew, David 
 
 Margaret L. Tucker. 
 
 Davis, Hosea 
 
 - Maria C. Marks .' 
 
 S. Abby Stevens 
 
 De Witt, James 
 
 Ellen Little 
 
 Dodds, E.A.,nee Ainsworth 
 
 Dodds, Webster 
 
 Ewing, John 
 
 Elizabeth Mallernee 
 
 Garrison, George F 
 
 Margaret E. Peston 
 
 Garrison, George 
 
 Sarah Vail 
 
 Garrison, William E 
 
 Ellanora Legg 
 
 Garrison, Henry W 
 
 Jemima A. Justus 
 
 Harshey, Amos 
 
 Narcissa Rebecca Prather.. 
 
 Homey, William J 
 
 Anna Park 
 
 Horney, Jane, nee Crawford 
 
 Leonidas Horney 
 
 Kirkham, George H 
 
 Ann E. Garrison 
 
 Lambert, William 
 
 Josephine Rose 
 
 McLain, Joseph 
 
 Marv Dodds 
 
 Pollock, Wm 
 
 Sarah M. Walker 
 
 {Runkle, James I 
 Caroline Leg:: 
 Runkle, Charles W 
 Emma E. Legg 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Died Sep. 23/56 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Died Ap'l 19/81 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Died^Tune 5/81 
 
 Littleton... 
 
 Died Dec. 10/73 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Died May 16/63 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Industry 
 
 Industry 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Doddsville 
 
 Sect 27... 
 Sect. 27... 
 Littleton. 
 Littleton. 
 Sect. 15... 
 
 Sect. 15.. 
 Sect. 22.. 
 
 Doddsville . 
 
 Sect's!!".!".! 
 
 Sect 23.. 
 Sect. 23.. 
 Sect. 26.. 
 Sect 26.. 
 Sect 25.. 
 Sect 25.. 
 Sect. 23.. 
 Sect. 23.. 
 Sect. 8... 
 Sect. 8... 
 Sect. 29.. 
 Sect. 29.. 
 Sect. 20.. 
 
 Sect. 35.. 
 Sect. 35.. 
 Sect. 22.. 
 Sect. 22.. 
 Sect. 2... 
 Sect 2... 
 Sect 5... 
 Sect. 5... 
 Sect 4... 
 Sect. 4... 
 
 Sect 4... 
 Sect. 4... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of Madison Applegate Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Hotel, Boot and Shoe Maker, and P. M jErie Co., Pa 
 
 Wife of David Agnew Spencer Co., Ind 
 
 Physician and Surgeon I Worcester Co., Mass.. 
 
 First wife of Hosea Davis [Burlington, Conn 
 
 Present wife of Hosea Davis Petersham, Mass 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Warren Co., N. J 
 
 Late wife of James DeWitt [Lancaster Co., Pa 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 Late husband of Emily A. Dodds [Dayton, Ohio 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser [Jefferson Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Wife of John Ewing [Jefferson Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Butler Co., Ohio- 
 Tom pkins Co., N. Y... 
 
 Butler Co., Ohio 
 
 Butler Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Loudon Co., Va 
 
 Butler Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 Wife of George F. Garrison.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George Garrison 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William E. Garrison 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser..... 
 Wife of Henry W. Garrison.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser I Westmoreland Co., Pa. 
 
 Wife of Amos Harshey 'Jefferson Co., Ohio 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and County Surveyor, Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of Wm. J. Horney Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Farming and Stock Raiser [Breckenridge Co., Ky. 
 
 Late husband of Jane Horney Guilford Co., N. C 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.....' Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of George H. Kirkham Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser. Washington Co., Kv... 
 
 Wife of Wm. Lambert Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Montgomery Co., Ohio 
 
 Wife of Joseph McLain Montgomery Co., Ohio 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Dearborn Co., Ind 
 
 Wife of Wm. Pollock Adams Co., Pa 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser McDonough Co., 111... 
 
 Wife ofJarr.es I. Runkle Schuyler Co.. Ill 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser McDonough Co., 111... 
 
 Wife of Charles W. Runkle Schuyler Co., Ill , 
 
 1838 
 1839 
 1848 
 1843 
 1850 
 1853 
 I860 
 1839 
 1837 
 1847 
 11844 
 '1853 
 11853 
 1847 
 1852 
 1833 
 1833 
 1851 
 1871 
 1847 
 1839 
 1858 
 1851 
 1849 
 1848 
 1833 
 1825 
 1841 
 1846 
 1836 
 1833 
 1846 
 1843 
 1X49 
 1840 
 1*77 
 1MI> 
 1880 
 1849
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 381 
 
 LITTLETON TOWNSHIP.-wntinued. 
 
 NAME 
 
 Runkle, Joseph C..'. 
 
 Susan Little „ 
 
 Snyder, Joseph W 
 
 Amanda B. Finch 
 
 Snyder, John F 
 
 Harriet F. Park....! 
 
 Brunett Spragg 
 
 Wells, Ranslaer 
 
 Rebecca Jane Rose 
 
 Walker, Joseph 
 
 Sarah T. Snyder 
 
 Walker, John S 
 
 Elizabeth Huckelby 
 
 Walker, Charles W 
 
 Walker, Andrew 
 
 Walker, Ann (nee Wilson) 
 
 Wyckoff, Samuel D 
 
 Margaret A. High tower.... 
 
 Weaver, David 
 
 Wood, Melvina J 
 
 Ida I. Enfield 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Littleton |Sect. 35., 
 
 Sect. 15., 
 Sect. 28.. 
 Sect. 28. 
 Sect. 21.. 
 
 Died Sep. 24/79 
 Littleton... 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Died Sep. —,'43 
 Died Oct. —,'70 
 Littleton 
 
 Died Oct. 30,75 
 Littleton 
 
 21.. 
 25., 
 25., 
 17.. 
 17.. 
 17.. 
 17., 
 20. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 80. 
 80. 
 19. 
 
 Sect. 19. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joseph C. Runkle 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joseph W. Snyder 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of John F. Snyder 
 
 Present Wife of John F. Snyder. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Ranslaer Wells 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 Wife of Joseph Walker 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of John S. Walker 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of Charles W. Walker 
 
 Mother of Charles W. Walker.... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Samuel D. Wyckoff. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 First Wife of David Weaver 
 
 Present Wife of David Weaver.... 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 McDonough Co., 111... 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Prince Wm. Co., Va... 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Lewis Co., Ky 
 
 Lawrence Co., Ohio... 
 
 Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 Adams Co., Pa 
 
 |Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 'Adams Co., Pa 
 
 JBreckenridge Co.,Ky. 
 
 Adams Co., Pa 
 
 ■Adams Co., Pa 
 
 ■Adams Co., Pa 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Illinois 
 
 St. Louis, Mo 
 
 WHEN 
 CAM! 
 TO CO. 
 
 1869 
 
 1853 
 1856 
 1855 
 1849 
 1852 
 1862 
 1837 
 1832 
 1840 
 1831 
 1840 
 1836 
 1840 
 1840 
 1840 
 1835 
 1840 
 1854 
 1872 
 1860 
 
 BROWNING TOWNSHIP 
 
 (Bollman, W. C 
 
 {Amanda I.Preston 
 
 Blankenship, J. S 
 
 Bader, William 
 
 Mary A. Hunt 
 
 Bates, W. J 
 
 Matilda A. Reno 
 
 Campbell, J. P 
 
 Sarah Garrison 
 
 'Fowler, G. W 
 
 Julia P. Hunter 
 
 Hoi lings worth, Abram. 
 
 Amanda Lancaster 
 
 Hagans, Z. T 
 
 Laura A. Bates 
 
 Ivins, Daniel 
 
 Sarah Fowler. 
 
 'Justus, M. L 
 
 Martha Stepp 
 
 f Lancaster, Thomas T... 
 
 (Elizabeth Jackson 
 
 (Perkins, H. P 
 
 < Rosa Wisdom 
 
 | Maria Wisdom 
 
 Powell, William 
 
 Martha Barron 
 
 Reno, William C 
 
 Rebecca A. Wallace...., 
 1 Royer, Peter 
 
 Elizabeth Keller 
 
 f Robertson, Joel 
 
 ( Lydia Walton 
 
 Robertson, George 
 
 {Ventres, Asa 
 Mary W. Dixon 
 
 (Ventres, Henry ., 
 Elizabeth Jones 
 
 Browning. 
 
 Bader 
 
 Browning. 
 
 Bader 
 
 Died Jan. 31,'80 
 Browning 
 
 Bader 
 
 DiedAug.23,'66 
 
 Iirowning 
 
 DiedMar.20,'77 
 
 Browning 
 
 Bader 
 
 Browning . 
 
 Bader. 
 
 Sect. 28.... 
 Sect. 28.... 
 Browning. 
 
 Sect. 22. 
 Sect. 22. 
 Sect. 11. 
 
 Browning. 
 
 II 
 
 Sect. 10...., 
 
 Sect. 21. 
 
 Browning . 
 
 H 
 
 Bader 
 
 Browning . 
 
 Sect. 21... 
 
 Sect. 2 , 
 
 Sect. 2 
 
 Browning . 
 
 G. Prairie, Dal. CO., Tex. 
 
 Bader 
 
 Sect. 10 
 
 Sect. 10 
 
 Sect. 16 
 
 Sect. 16 
 
 O. Prairie, Dal. Co., Tax. 
 
 Sect. 3 
 
 Sect. 3 
 
 Sect. 3 
 
 Sect. 3 
 
 Hotel Keeper and Grocer 
 
 Wife of W. C. Bollman 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Fanner and Merchant 
 
 Wife of William Bader 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of W. J. Bates 
 
 Hotel Keeper and Carpenter 
 
 Wife of J. P. Campbell 
 
 General Merchant 
 
 Wife of G. W. Fowler 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Abram Hollingsworth 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 Wife of Z. T. Hagans , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of Daniel Ivins 
 
 Prop. Browning Mills 
 
 Wife of M. L. Justus 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of Thomas T. Lancaster. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of H. P. Perkins 
 
 Present Wife of H. P. Perkins 
 
 Phvsician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of William Powell 
 
 Farmer. Member of Legislature.... 
 
 Wifeof William C. Reno 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser ■. 
 
 Wife of Peter Royer 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joel Robertson 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Asa Ventres 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Henry Ventres 
 
 Pike! Co., Ill 
 
 Washington Co., O.... 
 
 Jefferson Co., Ind 
 
 Preble Co., Ohio 
 
 Randolph Co., Ind 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 McDonough Co., 111... 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Burlingtan Co., N. J.. 
 
 Preble Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Tenn 
 
 Tenn 
 
 Cumb. Co., Tenn 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Tuscarawas Co., Ohio. 
 
 Hardin Co., Ky 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Carroll Co., Md 
 
 York Co., Pa 
 
 Schuyler Co,, 111 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 St. Clair Co., Ill 
 
 Jackson Co., Tenn 
 
 Smyth Co., Tenn 
 
 Monroe Co., Ky 
 
 1859 
 1849 
 1864 
 1857 
 1857 
 1846 
 1846 
 1845 
 1848 
 1848 
 1854 
 1853 
 1842 
 1871 
 1858 
 1850 
 1850 
 1831 
 1857 
 1828 
 1830 
 1844 
 1846 
 1846 
 1840 
 1338 
 1838 
 1841 
 1853 
 1853 
 1844 
 1846 
 
 1850 
 1850 
 1834 
 1834 
 
 CAMDEN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Agans, Stephen EL 
 ( Louisa C. Eifert 
 
 1 Avery, Philander... 
 Elizabeth Meeks 
 Avery, James 
 Martha Dixon 
 
 ( Black, William H... 
 
 ( Bovle, Rachel 
 
 f Collins, Thomas E.. 
 
 J Frances J. Clark 
 
 I Collins, Willie C... 
 I Agnes A. Dunlavv.. 
 
 Irwin. 
 
 Wayland . 
 
 Sect. 26....: Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 26 Wife of Stephen H. Agans 
 
 Sect. 26 Farmer and Township Supervisor.. 
 
 Sect. 26 Wife of Philander Avery 
 
 Sect. 27 Son of Philander Avery 
 
 Sect. 27 IWife of James Avery.. 
 
 Sect. 13 
 
 Sect. 13 
 
 Sect. 10 
 
 Sect. 10...., 
 
 Sect. 10 
 
 Sect. 10 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William H. Black... 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.... 
 Wife of Thomas E. Collins. 
 Son of Thomas E. Collins.... 
 Wife of Willie O. Collins 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 New Orleans, La 
 
 Franklin Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Stokes Co., N. C 
 
 Hancock Co., Ill .-. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Geauga Co., Ohio 
 
 Chittenden Co., Vt.... 
 
 Mason Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 1856 
 1861 
 1836 
 1851 
 1851 
 1870 
 1851 
 1854 
 1859 
 1859 
 1852 
 1860
 
 382 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CAMDEN TOWNSHIP.-™^""™ 
 
 SAME. 
 
 ' Corrie, Adam S 
 
 Jerusha P. Bristol 
 
 Dunlavv, Amanda ~ 
 
 Dunlavv, James ..'. 
 
 Dunlavv, Lueretia 
 
 ( DeCounter, Fred. S. 
 
 < Dotha J. Seholl 
 
 j Catherine Roonev 
 
 j Dunlavv. \\\ A .' 
 
 \ Ethe Gabriel 
 
 ) Fetch, Wm 
 Elizabeth M. Lawson 
 
 i Forkum, John 
 Forkum, Allan 
 Forkum, E*'r, nee Kerseey 
 _ Jones, Joseph V 
 
 ( Lydia A. Mason 
 
 ( Loop. John H 
 
 Perlina Price 
 
 McHatton, R. G 
 
 Mourning A. Watts 
 
 Pickinpaugh, John 
 
 Rachel Gragsr... 
 
 Mary J. Rodgers .-. 
 
 ( Points, John A 
 
 ■< Mary A. Weightman 
 
 1 Paulina Brown 
 
 {Rigg, James K 
 Emily J. Wafts 
 
 Rigg, Frank M 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 WHE* 
 CAVE 
 
 Wavland Sect. 1 Farmer and Stock Raiser Wabash Co , 111 1835 
 
 Died Julv 3,72 Late wife of Adam S. Corrie Niagara Co.. N. Y 1843 
 
 Wayland' Sect. 9 School Teacher Schuyler Co., D.1 
 
 Died Jan. 18,'69 Father of Amanda Dunlavv Tuscarawas Co., Ohi< 
 
 Wavland Sect, 9 Mother of Amanda Dunlavv Tuscirawas Co., Ohi' 
 
 Wavland Sect. 9 Farmer and Stock Raiser....' Brown Co., Ill I860 
 
 Died Nov. 6,73 First wife of Fred. S. DeCounter Pike Co., Ill 1872 
 
 1 878 
 1857 
 1879 
 1851 
 
 Wayland Sect. 9 Present wife of Fred. S. DeCounter McDonough Co., 111... 
 
 Wavland Sect 9 Farmer and Stock Raiser Harrison Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Wayland Sect. 9 Wife of W. A. Dunlavv Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Camden Sect. 17 Farmer and Stock Raiser X. Hamptonshire, Eng 
 
 Camden Sect. 17 Wife of Wm. Fetch X. Hampton*hire, Ei. 
 
 Camden Sect. 2 Farmer and Saw Mill Fireman Sussex Co., Del 
 
 Died Jan. 26,73 Father of John Forkum Delaware 
 
 Died in Sussex Co., Del., 1828.. Mother of John Forkum Delaware 
 
 Camden Sect. 8 Farmer and Stock Raiser Madison Co., Ind U866 
 
 Sect. 8 Wife of Joseph V. Jones Morgan Co., Ohio 1866 
 
 Sect. 6 Fanner and Stock Raiser Vermillion Co., Ind... 1849 
 
 Sect. 6 .'. Wife of John H. Loop Schuvler Co., Ill 1839 
 
 Camden Wagon, Plow Mfrs. and Gen'l Blacksmithing Schuvler Co., Ill 1S36 
 
 Camden Wife of R. G. McHatton Madison Co., Ky 1858 
 
 Sect 4 Farmer and Lumber Manufacturer Morgan Co., Ohio 
 
 Died Oct 14,'23 First wife of John Pickinpaugh Morgan Co., Ohi*.... - 
 
 Camden Sect. 4 Present wife of John Pickinpaugh Jefferson Co., Va-. 
 
 Camden Sect 20 Farmer and Stock Raiser Grant Co., Ky 
 
 Died Sep. — ,'53 First wife of John A. Point- Indiana. 
 
 Camden Sect. 20 Present wife of John A. Points Schuyler Co., El... 
 
 " Camden General Merchandising Shelby Co., Ky.... 
 
 " Camden Wife of James X. Rigg ~ Madison Co.. Ky... 
 
 " Camden General Merchandising. Brown Co., Ill 
 
 1880 
 
 1834 
 1846 
 1S33 
 1S69 
 1868 
 1868 
 
 BUENA VISTA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Dunlap, Adams 
 
 • Su^in ML Hanlev 
 
 ( Cyntha Carter..." 
 
 ( Eifert. George 
 
 1 Sarah M. Hale 
 
 j Eifert, Charles W 
 
 (Mead, Richard H 
 
 - Mary J. Burmood 
 
 j Emma M. Cady 
 
 {Pearson, Barnett 
 Lueinda Finch 
 
 i Snyder, John W 
 Cyntha Blaekley 
 
 ("Sweeney, Martin 
 
 1 Sweeney, Michael— 
 
 j Sweeney, Mar'et, nee Gavin 
 
 (Scripps, Fred. T 
 
 i Scripps, James M 
 
 I Scripps, Jul. A., neeOsborn 
 
 | Turner, Allen R 
 
 < Isabella A. Sparks.. .: 
 
 ) Warrington, George M 
 Mary E. Snyder ; 
 
 (Young, John A 
 
 - Man- L. Clark 
 
 ( Elizabeth DeWitt 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 Died Jlv 14.34 
 
 Died Dec. 15,73 
 
 Rushville Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 " ...Sect 
 
 Died Jan. 18,'56 "...... 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 " Sect 
 
 « Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 Died May 12,73 
 
 Rushville........ Sect. 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect 
 
 " Sect 
 
 Died Mav 14,78 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 ^ 
 
 .... Retired Farmer Mercer Co., Pa 
 
 .... First wife of Adams Dunlap Fauquier Co., Va. 
 
 Late wife of Adams Dunlap Tenn 
 
 19 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Preble Co., Ohio... 
 
 19. Wife of George Eifert Schuyler Co., 111... 
 
 19 Farmer and Stock Raiser Schuyler Co., 111... 
 
 26 Farmer and Stock Raiser Henry Co.. Ky 
 
 First wife of Richard H Mead Perm 
 
 26 Present wife of Richard H. Mead Oswego Co.. N. Y 
 
 17 Farmer and Stock Raiser Prince William Co., Va 
 
 17 Wife of Barnett Pearson Fauquier Co., Va. 
 
 20 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Frederick Co., Va 
 
 20. 'Wife of John W.Snyder Tenn 
 
 31 Farmer and Stock Raiser , Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 31 Father of Martin Sweeney Ireland 
 
 31 Mother of Martin Sweeney Ireland 
 
 36 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Father of F. T. Scripps England 
 
 36 Mother of F. T. Scripps St. Lawrence Co.. X. Y 
 
 11 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Schuvler Co., 111..'. 
 
 11 Wife of AUen R. Turner 
 
 20„ Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 20 Wife of George M. Warrington 
 
 21 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of J. A. Young 
 
 21 Present wife of J. A. Young 
 
 1831 
 1832 
 1834 
 
 I-.-..; 
 
 1858 
 1861 
 1-44 
 1846 
 1-41 
 
 1859 
 
 1859 
 1835 
 1840 
 1859 
 1849 
 1855 
 1851 
 1<44 
 1886 
 
 1888 
 
 1831 
 1851 
 I SSfj 
 1881 
 1847 
 1866 
 
 OAKLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 1873 
 1873 
 
 i Bsa 
 
 1842 
 1845 
 
 Co., Ill 1836 
 
 (Bauer, Charles Rushville Sect. 19 Farmer and Stock Raiser Germanv 1848 
 
 ', Susanna Stanbach... Rushville Sect. 19 Wife of Charles Bauer York Co., Pa 1849 
 
 j Daugherty. James Littleton Sect. 18 Farmer and "Stock Raiser Hardin Co., Ky 1843 
 
 i Julia A. McKee Littleton Sect. 18 Wife of James Daugherty Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 (Hill, Israel Vermont Beet 1 Farmer and Stock Raiser Perrv Co., Ind 
 
 j Louisanna Pemberton Vermont Sect. 1 Wife of Israel Hill Knox Co.. Kv 1836 
 
 f Barnes, R. M Rav Rav Phvsician and Surgeon Park Co., Ind 
 
 I Susan Halbert "" Rav Wife of R. M. Barnes Hancock Co., Ind.. 
 
 I Baxter, William H " Ray Druggist and Postmaster Brook Co.. W. Va.. 
 
 I Sarah McMillen " Ra"v Wife of Wm. H. Baxter Schuvler Co., 111.... 
 
 [ Baxter. John H ■ Sect 28 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brook Co., W. Va. 
 
 Man- E. Bell " Sect 28 Wife of John H. Baxter..
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 383 
 
 OAKLAND TO WNSHIP.- continued. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Lovell, AVilliam 
 
 Elizabeth Barver 
 
 Besther Mathenev 
 
 Nail, Elizabeth (nee Chick) 
 
 " Nail, Charles H...... 
 
 Pittenger, John 
 
 Mary Allnian 
 
 Pittenger, Nicholas T 
 
 Pittenger, Samuel 
 
 Pittingcr, Winilercnee Ronem) 
 
 Pemberton, Henry C 
 
 Peraberton, Thomas 
 
 Deborah Moore 
 
 Schroder, Samuel 
 
 Smith, Libbie 
 
 Sullivan, J. A 
 
 Henrietta Kemper 
 
 Thompson, Isaiah D 
 
 Thompson, William T 
 
 Thompson, Elizbll [nee Dennis] 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Died Jan. C, '49 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Died Mar. 8, '81 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Died Oct. 12, 55 
 
 Bay 
 
 Died Feb. 15,'82 
 Died Feb. 8, '82 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Died Dec.31,'70 
 Died Jun. — ,'73 
 Vermont 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Sect. 2. 
 
 Sect, 
 Sect. 
 
 2... 
 29. 
 
 Sect. 12.. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Ray. 
 
 Died Apr. 15, '80 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of William Lovell 
 
 Present Wife of William Lovell.. 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising 
 
 Late Husband of Elizabeth Nail.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of John Pittenger 
 
 Sect. 23 [Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 iFatherof Nicholas T. Pittenger.. 
 
 Mother of Nicholas T. Pittenger.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of Henry C. Pemberton.... 
 
 Mother of Henry C. Pemberton... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Samuel Schroder 
 
 Blacksmith 
 
 Wife of J. A. Sullivan 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of Isaiah D. Thompson..... 
 
 Mother of Isaiah D. Thompson.... 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Sect. 11. 
 
 Sect. 1... 
 Sect. 1... 
 
 Ray 
 
 Ray 
 
 Sect. 34., 
 Sect. 34.. 
 
 Monong'la Co., W. Va. 
 Hamilton Co., Ohio... 
 Washington Co., Pa... 
 
 Rush Co., Ind 
 
 Woodford Co., Ky 
 
 Brook Co., W. Va 
 
 Morrow Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Knox Co., W. Va 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Knox Co., Ky 
 
 Sullivan Co., Tenn 
 
 Knox Co., Ky 
 
 McDonough, Co., 111., 
 
 Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 McDonough Co., 111.., 
 
 Cass Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 New York 
 
 Ohio 
 
 WBBH 
 
 CAME 
 TOCO. 
 
 1840 
 1840 
 1835 
 1836 
 1836 
 1837 
 1849 
 1857 
 1837 
 1837 
 1836 
 1836 
 1836 
 1864 
 1877 
 1874 
 1877 
 1841 
 1833 
 1833 
 
 BROOKLYN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Brooklyn 
 
 Died Oct. 29/61 
 Died Oct. 30,74 
 
 Jamestown, Dakota Ter. 
 
 Littleton 
 
 Died Aug. 8, '69 
 Brooklyn 
 
 Died Jul. 22,'54 
 Brooklyn.. 
 
 f Blackburn, R. S 
 
 ■I M. A. Compton 
 
 (T. C. Harmon 
 
 Collins, Thomas S 
 
 ( Folev, Henry H , 
 
 \ Foley, Thomas G 
 
 I Foley Elizabeth D 
 
 ) Glandon, John 
 Delila Banister 
 
 ( Homey, Cyrus 
 
 < Ann Eliza Hays 
 
 I Meriba J. Abercrombie 
 
 f King, Charles D 
 
 - Jane McKee 
 
 I I'lube E. Lewis 'Brooklyn 
 
 ( Pregson, Edwin W Wayland 
 
 I Benham Bristol 
 
 I Martha Bristol 
 
 f Sparks. B.W 
 
 j Sarah L. Smith 
 
 ( Sparks, L. C 
 
 | Manzclla Brown 
 
 j Taylor, II. W 
 
 \ Cornelia Manlove 
 
 | White, William P.... 
 I Harriet J. Glandon... 
 
 Brooklyn. 
 
 Jamestown, Dakota Ter 
 
 Sect. 25 
 
 Sect. 25 1 
 
 
 
 Sect. 
 
 16 
 
 Sect. 
 
 16 
 
 'Sect. 
 
 12.-. 
 
 
 
 Sect. 
 
 12 
 
 Merchant and P. M Hamilton Co., Ohio.. 
 
 First Wife of R. S. Blackburn iMorgan Co., Ill 
 
 Late Wife of R. S. Blackburn 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser , 
 
 County Superintendent of Schools.. 
 
 Father of Henry H. Foley 
 
 Mother of Henry H. Foley , 
 
 Farmer and County Supervisor 
 
 Wife of John Glandon 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 Pint Wife of Cyrus Homey. 
 
 Zanesville, Ohio 
 
 Cook Co., Ill 
 
 Daviess Co., Mo 
 
 Lincoln Co., Ky 
 
 Wayne Co., Ky 
 
 Harrison Co.. Ohio.... 
 Tuscarawas Co., Ohio. 
 
 Guilford Co., N. C 
 
 Wilson Co., Tenn 
 
 Died Feb.— ,'62 , 
 
 . Sect. 19. 
 
 Brooklyn. 
 
 Sect. 19.... 
 Sect. 35.... 
 Sect. 35.... 
 Sect. 35..., 
 Sect. 30.... 
 Sect. 30..., 
 Sect. 30... 
 Sect. 30.* 
 Brooklyn. 
 
 Sect. 15. 
 Sect. 15. 
 
 Present Wife of Cyrus Homey Shelby Co., Ohio.. 
 
 Farmer and School Director 
 
 First Wife of Charles D. King 
 
 Present Wife of Charles D. King 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father, by adoption, of Edwin W. Presson... 
 Mother, by adoption, of Edwin W. Presson., 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of B. W. Sparks 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of L. C. Sparks 
 
 Merchant, Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of H. W. Taylor 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William P. White 
 
 Orange Co., N. Y 
 
 Hartford, Conn 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Tazewell Co., Ill 
 
 Genesee Co., N. Y..., 
 Franklin Co., Ohio..., 
 
 Franklin Co., Ind 
 
 New Madrid, Mo 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.. 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Trumbull Co., Ohio.. 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Harrison Co., Ohio... 
 Harrison Co., Ohio... 
 
 1830 
 1837 
 1856 
 1850 
 1865 
 1865 
 1865 
 1854 
 1854 
 1829 
 1830 
 1856 
 1841 
 1843 
 1842 
 1861 
 1843 
 1830 
 1827 
 
 1851 
 1855 
 1847 
 1832 
 1866 
 1866 
 
 WOODSTOCK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 iBedenbender, J. Henry.... 
 Mary Messersmith 
 
 IBrody . Eugene 
 Lucinda Abbott 
 
 ( livers, Henderson 
 
 ■; livers, Will 
 
 ( IiycTS, Eleanor, Inee Stutsman] 
 
 ( Black, William T 
 
 ( Matilda Matheney 
 
 J lirown, Robert 
 
 I Mary M. S. Hoffman 
 
 j Griffith, Joshua 
 
 i Margaret Hoffman 
 
 J Herche, Henry 
 
 (Mary Rilker 
 
 ( Hess, August 
 
 ( Catharine Herche 
 
 J Harris, Nathaniel 
 
 ( Augusta Jonte 
 
 I Hermetet, James F 
 
 1 Mary E. Logsdon 
 
 ( Ingels; Bartlet H., Sr 
 
 | Margaret Allison 
 
 Ripley. 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Died Feb.24,'62 
 
 Rushville 
 
 Sylva 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 23.. 
 23. 
 26. 
 26. 
 36. 
 
 Sect. 36 . 
 Sect. 10.. 
 Sect. 10.. 
 
 Rushville Sect. 10 , 
 
 Sect. 10.. 
 
 " ! Sect. 16.. 
 
 " 'Sect. 16., 
 
 Ripley Sect. 22.. 
 
 " Sect. 22.. 
 
 " Sect. 21. 
 
 " 'Scot. 21. 
 
 Rushville ISeet, 25., 
 
 Sect. 25., 
 
 " Sect. 3... 
 
 " Sect. 3... 
 
 " Sect. 12. 
 
 " Sect, 12. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of J. Henry Bedenbeudcr.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Eugene Brody 
 
 Fanner and Stock Kaiser 
 
 Father of Henderson Byers 
 
 Mother of Henderson Byers 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William T. Black 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Robert Brown 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joshua Griffith 
 
 Farmer and Stock Btiiscr 
 
 Wife of Henry Herche 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of August Hess 
 
 Farmer and Carpenter 
 
 Wife of Nathaniel Harris 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of James F. Hermetet 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Bartlet II. Ingels, Sr 
 
 Nassau, Germany 
 
 Dillenburg, " 
 
 Arboyo, France 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Dubois Co., Ind 
 
 Morgan Co., Ohio 
 
 Sclmvler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill , 
 
 Tuscarawas Co., Ohio, 
 Pickaway Co., Ohio... 
 
 Beaver Co., Pa 
 
 Germany 
 
 Hesse, Germany , 
 
 Hesse, Germany , 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co , 111 
 
 Fayette Co., Ky 
 
 Muskingum Co., O ... 
 
 1856 
 1866 
 1864 
 1839 
 1861 
 1847 
 1834 
 1825 
 1835 
 1835 
 1845 
 1841 
 1837 
 1849 
 1852 
 1860 
 1849 
 1853 
 1857 
 1844 
 1865 
 1830 
 1840
 
 384 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 WOODSTOCK TOWNSHIP.-™"isci». 
 
 NAME. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 
 H 
 
 tt 
 
 M 
 
 tt 
 
 Sec. 11, 1r. 2w 
 
 \ Elizabeth Park 
 
 Sec. 11,1r.2w 
 
 f Kruse, Franz Henrv 
 
 1 Hattie E. Beard....*. 
 
 Sect. 1 
 
 Sect. 1 
 
 Sect. 28 
 
 (Susan T. Houser 
 
 Sect. 28 
 
 (Luthv, Wm. R 
 
 Sect 27 
 
 
 tt 
 
 Rushville 
 
 « 
 
 tt 
 H 
 tt 
 
 Died Feb.22,'77 
 
 Sect. 27 
 
 j Logsdon, Perry 
 
 Sec. 1,1s. R. 2 w 
 
 ( Lizzie Bvers 
 
 Seel, Is. R. 2w 
 
 | Long, Joseph J 
 
 ( Rosanah C. Reddick 
 
 Sect. 29 
 
 Sect 29 
 
 Sec.ll,lsR2w 
 Sec.ll,lsR2\v 
 Sect. 29 
 
 
 Sect 29 
 
 
 Sect. 36 
 
 
 Sect 36 ^ 
 
 Scott. Richard M 
 
 Sect. 2 
 
 J Lizzie Harris 
 
 Sect 2 
 
 
 Sect 2 
 
 { Scott, Lizzie (nee Scott),... 
 (Margaret E. Grosclaude... 
 
 
 Sect 36. 
 
 Sect. 36 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Thomas J. Kearby 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Franz Henry Kruse.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of John P. Long 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William R. Luthy.... 
 
 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 .Wife of Perry Logsdon 
 
 'Farmer and Miller.. 
 
 jWife of Joseph J. Long 
 
 I Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Overton Park 
 
 I Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 iMother of Isaac Reiley , 
 
 | Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 JWife of John S. Stutsman 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of R. M. Scott 
 
 jFather of R. M. Scott 
 
 Mother of R. M. Scott 
 
 ■Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 :Wife of James D. Thompson. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Orange Co., Ind 1856 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1850 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 1852 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 1855 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 1843 
 
 Nashville, Tenn 1860 
 
 Switzerland 1849 
 
 Beaver Co., Pa 1849 
 
 Madison Co., Ky 1865 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 1850 
 
 Crawford Co., Pa 1855 
 
 Crawford Co., Pa J1839 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 11850 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 185fl 
 
 WHEN 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 , 'Schuyler Co., 111., 
 
 .Indiana 
 
 .Dubois Co., Ind.. 
 
 .Pike Co., Mo 1848 
 
 .Jackson Co., Ky 1857 
 
 .Montgomery Co'., Md..'l831 
 .'Montgomery Co., Md.Jl831 
 
 1856 
 1838 
 1834 
 
 ^Crawford Co., Pa.. 
 Bussurel, France.. 
 
 1839 
 1833 
 
 HUNTSVHXE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Allphin, Zebulon 
 
 Mary L. Calvin 
 
 Allphin, Reuben 
 
 Allphin, S., nee Brumback 
 
 Burmood, Nicholas 
 
 Mary E. Nelson 
 
 Amanda Loop 
 
 Burke, J. V 
 
 Burke, M. J., n. Shoemaker 
 
 Clark, H.M 
 
 Lydia Coffman 
 
 Cady. Henry 
 
 Emeline Plunkett 
 
 Cady, Horace 
 
 Cady,Fkinice 
 
 Creamer, Philip 
 
 Hulah Jinnings 
 
 Crain, William 
 
 Harriet E. Tong 
 
 Howk, B. D 
 
 Permelia Wilson 
 
 Marv Mitchell 
 
 Mead, R. H., 
 
 Victorv Miller 
 
 J Wood,"Mitchell C 
 
 Esther L. Robison 
 
 Sect. 22.. 
 Sect. 22.. 
 Sect. 22.. 
 
 Sect. 3., 
 
 Sect 3 .. 
 Sect 30.. 
 
 Sect 36. 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Died , 1852 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Died March,'53 
 
 Huntsville 
 
 Elm Grove 
 
 Died , 1877 
 
 Camden 
 
 Died in Schuvler Co., 1860 
 
 Camden Sect 25 
 
 Camden 'Sect 25 
 
 Died Jan. 10,'5F 
 
 DiedNov.14,'73; 
 
 Huntsville Sect 3 
 
 Huntsville jSect 3.. 
 
 Augusta. Sect. 6 
 
 Augusta Sect 6 
 
 Huntsville Sect 28 
 
 D'd in Johnson Co., Ind., Dec'45 
 
 Huntsville Sect. 28 
 
 Forrest C'y,Ark Forrest C"y. Ark 
 Forrest C'y, Ark Forrest C'y, Ark 
 
 Huntsville Sect. 3 
 
 Huntsville Sect 3 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Zebulon Allphin 
 
 Father of Zebulon Allphin 
 
 Mother of Zebulon Allphin 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of Nicholas Burmood 
 
 Present wife of Nicholas Burmood 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of J. V. Burke 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late wife of H. M. Clark 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and Blacksmith 
 
 wife of Henry Cady 
 
 Father of Henry Cadv 
 
 Mother of Henry Cady 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wiie of Philip Creamer 
 
 Farmer and Minister of M. E. Church 
 
 Wife of William Grain 
 
 Farmer and Minister of Christian Church 
 
 First wife of B. D. Howk 
 
 Present wife of B. D. Howk 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of R. H. Mead 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Mitchell C. Wood 
 
 Grant Co., Ky 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Germany 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Russell Co., Va 
 
 Russell Co., Va 
 
 Logan Co., Ky 
 
 Hardin Co., Ky 
 
 New York 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 New York 
 
 New York 
 
 Somerset Co., Pa..... 
 
 Carl Co., Ohio 
 
 Culpeper Co., Va.... 
 
 St. Genevive, Mo 
 
 Fayette Co., Ky 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Henry Co., Kv 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Pike "Co., Ill 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 1835 
 
 1835 
 1835 
 1845 
 
 1856 
 1831 
 1831 
 1834 
 1834 
 1840 
 1836 
 1840 
 1840 
 1847 
 1865 
 1834 
 1884 
 1851 
 
 1851 
 1847 
 
 1855 
 1855
 
 PARTIAL LIST OF PATRONS. 
 
 [BROWN COUNTY.] 
 
 CITY OF MOUNT STERLING. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 IBroekman, Eugene C 
 Bertha S. Littlefield 
 Black, Moses 
 Mary E. Winslow 
 
 ( Bowers, William W 
 
 I Catharine Ettinger 
 
 ( Brooks, M 
 
 -(Sophia 8. Price 
 
 j Nancy A. Kendrick 
 
 ( Bloomtield, William 
 
 ■j Hester Burns : 
 
 | Sallie Snodgraaa . 
 
 J Crane, Elias F 
 
 ] Catharine B. Priest 
 
 Clifford, Michael 
 
 f Curry, F. M 
 
 { Mary A. Clements 
 
 ( Curry, Robert N 
 
 | Amanda M. Price 
 
 (Curry, J. V 
 
 \ Ida English 
 
 < Davis, H. K 
 
 { Davis, Marv 
 
 ( Dunlap, CM 
 
 ) Helen McCreery 
 
 (Glass, J. B 
 
 I Clarinda Yanwev 
 
 (Gray, William G 
 
 •I Lyd'ia Kellogg 
 
 | Susan R. McNutt 
 
 {Givens, J. A 
 Maria J. Putman 
 
 Henry, George N 
 
 (Harper, John 
 Amanda J. Means 
 
 (Jennings, David 
 
 -j Margaret Patterson 
 
 I Rebecca J. Logan 
 
 {Lowrie, James G 
 Caroline F. Gale 
 
 j Lowrv, A. K 
 
 < Sarah E. McCartney 
 
 ( Martha .1. Means 
 
 Lochcr, Joseph 
 
 ( Lambert, M. J., <„„ B n>c*..i,> 
 
 I Lambert, John 
 
 ( Marrctt, Joseph 
 
 | Rebecca Davis 
 
 ( McDannold, John J 
 
 ( Cora Han-is 
 
 f Moore, Joseph .1 
 
 j Josephine < terriab 
 
 ( ( )rr, Prank 
 
 | Sarah Rulon 
 
 (Ross, R. II 
 
 i Nancy Moore 
 
 I Catharine Lake , 
 
 I Kottger, F. W 
 
 1 Eugenia S. Peters 
 
 (Snodgraas, R. B 
 
 |Phebe H. Welding 
 
 Simon Alois 
 
 1 Smith James T 
 Marinda C. Anderson 
 Stewart, A. P 
 Nancy A. Harris 
 
 ~ 49 7 ~ 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 Died Jul. 24/07 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Dec'd 
 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 Died Feb. 11, '57 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 DiedJun.11,'60 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 Mount 
 
 Died May23,'63 
 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 DiedNov.10/70 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 Died Jun. 24/80 
 Mount Sterling 
 Died Sent. 1/74 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 Mount 
 
 Mount 
 
 Died Mar. 1,77 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 Dec'd I 
 
 Mount Sterling Mount 
 
 Died Jan.22,'81 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 Editor and Publisher Illinois Message 
 
 Wife of Eugene C. Brockman 
 
 ( 'utility Surveyor 
 
 Wife of Moses Black 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of William W. Bowers 
 
 Deputy Circuit Clerk 
 
 First Wife of M. Brooks 
 
 SterlingjPresent Wife of M. Brooks 
 
 " Farmer and Stock Dealer 
 
 First Wife of Win. Bloomfield 
 
 Sterling Present Wife of Win. Bloomfield 
 
 Banker and Merchant 
 
 Wife of Elias F. Crane 
 
 Rector of St. Mary's Church 
 
 Merchant and Dealer in Real Estate 
 
 Wife of F. M. Curry 
 
 Retired 
 
 Late Wife of Robert N. Curry 
 
 SterlingPork Packer and Stock Dealer 
 
 Wife of J. V. Curry 
 
 Editor and Publisher Mt. Sterling Democrat 
 
 Wife of H. K. Davis 
 
 Lumber Dealer 
 
 Wife of C. M. Dunlap 
 
 Banker 
 
 Wife of J. B. Glass 
 
 " Phvsician and Surgeon 
 
 First Wife of William G. Gray 
 
 Sterling Present Wife of William G. Gray 
 
 Groceries and Provisions 
 
 Wife of J. A. Givens 
 
 Count v Clerk 
 
 Sheriff. 
 
 Wife of John Harper '. ; 
 
 " [Tonsorial Artist 
 
 'First Wife of David Jennings 
 
 Sterling Present Wife of David Jennings 
 
 " ;Pastor First Presbyterian Church 
 
 " [Wife of James G. Lowrie , 
 
 " Attorney at Law 
 
 First Wife of A. K. Lowry 
 
 Sterling Present Wife of A. K. Lowrv 
 
 " ;Rector of St. Joseph's Church 
 
 " iProprietress of Lambert House , 
 
 Late Husband of Mary J. Lambert 
 
 Sterling Retired 
 
 I Former Wife of Joseph Marrett 
 
 Sterling Attorney at Law and Citv Mayor 
 
 " Wife of John J. McDannold 
 
 " Grain Dealer 
 
 " AVife of Joseph J. Moore 
 
 " jCireuit Clerk 
 
 'Late Wife of Frank Orr 
 
 Sterling Miller 
 
 First Wife of R. H. Ross 
 
 Sterling Present Wife of R. H. Ross 
 
 " Arpui W. St. I.- ft I*. R. Ft. Co.'. Kxprc.s, md Brick Maker.... 
 
 " IWife of F. W. Rottger 
 
 Livery, Feed and Sale Stable , 
 
 Wife of R. B. Snodgrass 
 
 Saloon and Boarding House 
 
 Retail Liquor Dealer 
 
 I.ate Wife of James T. Smith 
 
 Pastor Christian Church '. 
 
 Wife of A. P. Stewart 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Mount Sterling, 111.. 
 ii « 
 
 Brown Co., Ill '.' 
 
 << u 
 
 York Co., Pa.........! 
 
 Jacksonville, 111., 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Crawford Co., Pa 
 
 Columbiana Co., Ohio 
 
 Mahaska Co., Iowa 
 
 New York City 
 
 Co. Limerick, Ireland 
 
 Scott Co., Ky 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Scott Co., Ky 
 
 Mount Sterling, 111... 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Winchester, Va 
 
 Hagerstown, Md 
 
 Fayette Co., Ky 
 
 Schuyler Co., Ill 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Bourbon Co., Ky 
 
 Dearborn Co., Ind 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 WHSH 
 
 ouu 
 
 TU CO. 
 
 1851 
 1858 
 1845 
 1853 
 1857 
 1857 
 1863 
 1844 
 1844 
 1856 
 1856 
 1861 
 1846 
 1846 
 1872 
 1830 
 1834 
 1830 
 1831 
 1882 
 1860 
 1874 
 1874 
 1838 
 1S52 
 1847 
 1864 
 1850 
 1850 
 1869 
 1835 
 1842 
 1845 
 1837 
 1844 
 1838 
 1835 
 1835 
 1876 
 1878 
 1861 
 1861 
 1841 
 1874 
 1841 
 1855 
 1833 
 1833 
 1851 
 1873 
 1S53 
 
 " " 1867 
 
 Harrison Co., Ohio.... 1875 
 
 Brown Co., Ill ^1851 
 
 Kentucky 1889 
 
 1839 
 
 New York 1833 
 
 Prussia 1865 
 
 Steubenville,Ohio 1865 
 
 Stark Co., Ohio |l863 
 
 Delaware 1863 
 
 Alsace, Germany 1872 
 
 Green Co., Tenn (1852 
 
 Ohio 1861 
 
 Tyler Co., W. Va J1877 
 
 Macoupin Co., Ill J1877 
 
 iJ80~~ 
 
 Harrison Co., Ky.... 
 
 Lexington, Ky 
 
 Adair Co., Ky 
 
 Wellsville, Ohio 
 
 Galesburg, 111 
 
 Armstrong Co., Pa. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Wurtcml.erg, Germ'y. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Pickawav Co., Ohio... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 McDonoughCo.,111... 
 Brown Co., Ill
 
 386 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 CITY OF MOUNT STERLING.- ^ disced. 
 
 SAME. 
 
 Turner, C. B. 
 
 Teefey, John J 
 
 Mary K. Kenned; 
 
 Tinnen, Hugh 
 
 Sink M. Shugle, (MM Viain.).. . 
 
 Tebo, George H , 
 
 Mary E. Glenn 
 
 Vandeventer, Joseph F,.... 
 
 Lutitia Givens 
 
 Vandeventer, W. L 
 
 Wetzel, Henry 
 
 Justinia C. Ritter 
 
 Wallace, Thomas M 
 
 Carrie A. Israel 
 
 Weaver, Mattie L 
 
 Weaver. W. W 
 
 R. H. Talbot 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 OCCUPATION". 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Died May 13,79.... 
 Mount Sterling Mount ! 
 
 Mount Sterling Mount Sterling Editor Publisher Brown Co. Gazette 
 
 Attorney -at-Law and States Attorney 
 
 Wife of John J. Teefey 
 
 Proprietor of Tinnen House 
 
 Late Wife of Hugh Tinnen 
 
 Sterling Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of George H. Tebo 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joseph F. Vandeventer 
 
 Attorney-at-Law 
 
 Shomaker 
 
 Wife of Henry Wetzel 
 
 Proprietor of Mt. Sterling Marble Works.. 
 
 Wife of Thomas M. Wallace 
 
 Teacher 
 
 Father of Mattie L. Weaver 
 
 Mother 
 
 CAMS 
 TO CO. 
 
 . Dunkline Co., Mo 1880 
 
 . Ireland 1850 
 
 .Quincv, 111 1853 
 
 .Logan Co.. Kv 1830 
 
 . Tompkins Co", N. Y... 1861 
 
 .Greensburg, Ind 1838 
 
 . Schuyler Co., Ill 1857 
 
 . Highland Co., Ohio... 1832 
 
 .Brown Co., Ill 1837 
 
 .Brown Co., HI 1836 
 
 .Germany 
 
 . German v 1864 
 
 . Mason Co., Ky 18(56 
 
 . Illinois 1*06 
 
 . Brown Co., Ill 1863 
 
 .Champaign Co., Ohio.. 1850 
 .Champaign Co., Ohio.. 1850 
 
 MOUNT STERLING TOWNSHIP 
 
 Adams, W. T Mount Sterling Sect. 32 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 Ann Eliza Bubinger " " jSect. 32 Wife of W. T. Adams 
 
 | Alexander, J. H " " Beet 2d Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 .Man -Ann Jones j " " Sect. 20 Wife of J. H. Alexander.. 
 
 Baxter. W. W Hersman 'Hereman Pbvsician and Surgeon 
 
 Sarah E. Hersman " \ " Wife of W. W. Baxter 
 
 ' Briggs, John H Mount Sterling Sect 31 Farmer and Stock Raiser., 
 
 Lizzie Wilson 
 
 Brandenburg, Eli. 
 
 Baxter, William B.. 
 
 Sect 31 Wife of John H. Briggs 
 
 " " ISect 20 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 Hersman Sect. 34 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 Judith J. Means Died Jan. 1, '40 First Wife of William B. Baxter 
 
 Susan A. Parker Hersman Sect. 34 Present Wife of William B. Baxter., 
 
 Curry, James M Mount Sterling Sect. 16 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 IllhiOB Winchel j " " Sect. 16 :... Wife of James M. Curry 
 
 Frv, G. W Hersman Sect. 22 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Margaret Vandeventer Died Mar 29,'S0| Late Wife ofO. W. Fry 
 
 Fry, Jefferson Hersman Sect. 27 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Abbie Baxter " iSect 27 Wife of Jefferson Fry 
 
 Frv, John Q Mount SterlinglSect 23 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Matilda Putman ! " " Sect. 23 Wife of John Q. Fry 
 
 Gordlev, Edward A " " Sect. 14. Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Ann Maria Hickox I " " Sect 14. Wife of Edward A. Gordlev 
 
 Gruetter, William Hersman Quincy, 111 Miller. 
 
 Gruetter, George Quincy, 111 
 
 Elizabeth Tribbe j " 
 
 Grover, Joseph B Hersman 
 
 Elizabeth J. Johnson 
 
 Hersman, George , 
 
 Rebecca Ann Knox... 
 
 Hersman, Jacob I 
 
 S. A. Craig Died Sep 21,71 
 
 Nancy Elkin Hersman 
 
 Hense, William j " 
 
 Agnes Milliron. 
 Harper, Joseph 
 Sarah Simmons. 
 
 Hersman, G. J " Hersman... 
 
 Hersman, Jacob 
 
 Hersman,S.A.(NeeCraig)..Died Sept— .'71 
 
 Howes, P. A Mount Sterling Seet 12. 
 
 Jane McCormick Died Juh-23,'76 
 
 Hense, Frank Mount Sterling Sect. 29. 
 
 (intrude Homberg Died Jan. 9, '80 
 
 Honefenger, Herman R.... Versailles Beet 
 
 Father of William Gruetter 
 
 " Mother of William Gruetter 
 
 Sect 26 Farmer and Stock Raiser. 
 
 Sect. 26 Wife of Joseph B. Grover 
 
 Sect. 27 Farmer and Stock Raiser and Packer.. 
 
 Sect. 27 jWifeofGeorge Hersman 
 
 Hersman Farmer and Merchant , 
 
 First Wife of Jacob Hersman 
 
 Hersman Present Wife of Jacob Hersman 
 
 Miller 
 
 " I Wife of William Hense 
 
 Sect 2-"> Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 25 Wife of Joseph Harper.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of G. J. Hersman 
 
 Mother of G. J. Hersman 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of P. A. Howes 
 
 Farmer and Miller 
 
 Late Wife of Frank Hense 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Hermann R. Honefenger*.., 
 Minister of Regular Baptist Church.. 
 
 36 
 
 Elizabeth McCoy I " Sect 86 
 
 Harper, James Hersman Sect. 2» 
 
 M-ihala Grover Died Feb 11, '54 First Wife of James Harper. 
 
 Matilda Taylor Hersman Sect. 25 Present Wife of James Harper 
 
 Jones, Thomas Mount Sterling Sect. 13 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Jane Preece Died Mar27.'71 First Wife of Thomas Jones... 
 
 Nancy M. Gillenwaters Mount Sterling Sect. 13 Present Wife of Thomas Jones 
 
 Owens, D. W Hersman Hersman Phvsifian and Surgeon 
 
 NannieBoggs ; " ' " Wife of D. \Y. Owens 
 
 'Logan Co., Ky 1833 
 
 Martinsburg, Va J1852 
 
 jTennessce 1832 
 
 Kentucky J1849 
 
 Boston, Mass 1^'7 
 
 Fayette Co, Ky 1854 
 
 Brown Co., 111". 1849 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1853 
 
 Huntingdon Co., Ind. 1864 
 
 Francestown, N. H 1871 
 
 Canada — — 
 
 Hillsboro, N. H 1871 
 
 Mercer Co., Ky 1835 
 
 Schuyler Co.,111 1?65 
 
 Harrison Co, Ky 1836 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Brown Co., Ill '1853 
 
 Pike Co, 111 1868 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1643 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1846 
 
 Lexington, Kv 1837 
 
 Geauga Co., Ohio 1856 
 
 jSt Louis, Mo 1882 
 
 Germany 
 
 Germany 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1847 
 
 . Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 .Harrison Co,, Kv 1834 
 
 Henry Co., Kv..." 1838 
 
 'Bouibon Co., Ky 1834 
 
 Harrison Co., Ky 
 
 'Vermont 1868 
 
 jAdams Co.,111 1K>36 
 
 Butler Co., Pa. 1864 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1840 
 
 Adams Co., Ohio 1S50 
 
 Brown Co, 111 1853 
 
 BouibonCo.. Kv 1834 
 
 Harrison Co., Kv 1834 
 
 Franklin Mass...." 1830 
 
 Fayette Co. Pa 1832 
 
 Germany 1866 
 
 Germany 1866 
 
 Hanover, Germany*;... 1869 
 
 . Adams Co., Ohio 
 
 Lewis Co., Kv 1835 
 
 Mason Co., Kv 1835 
 
 Smythe Co., Tcnn 1855 
 
 Herefordshire, Eng... 
 .'Herefordshire, Eng.... 1851 
 
 Schuyler, Co., Ill 
 
 Lewis Co., Kv 
 
 Lewis Co., Ky
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 387 
 
 MOUNT STERLING TOWNSHIP.- continued 
 
 NAME. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Hersman. 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 DiedJun. 22,71 
 
 (Orr, Arthur 
 
 I Mary Martin 
 
 J Putman, A. B 
 
 < Putman, John 
 
 | Sophia Weaver 
 
 (Rouse, T.J 
 
 | Isabella M. Larkin 
 
 Ritchey, Robet S 
 
 J Lydia Cotfman 
 
 ] Ritehey, James 
 
 (Ritchey, Eliza A., {neeMoKeam Mount Sterling 
 
 iSix, Daniel... 
 Ann Quinn 
 Tavlor, Ca)>t. William 
 Harriet P. Curry 
 
 f Taylor, George A 
 
 j Frances E. Hamilton.. 
 
 Wilson, George W 
 
 Wilson, F.M". 
 
 Wheat, L. B 
 
 Wheat, M. A 
 
 Keifer, W 
 
 ( Keifer, Frederick 
 
 { Kattio Herman 
 
 t Kendriek, Stout 
 
 I Elizabeth E. Wilson... 
 
 I Larkin, Abel 
 
 \Adalino L. Iladlcy Died Mar.8, '81 
 
 I Montgomery, John Hersman 
 
 X America, Hersman 
 
 f Means, George W 
 
 X Remetha Hersman 
 
 f .Means, John R T Mount Sterling 
 
 \ Isabel Hersman i " " 
 
 / McCabe. Joseph " " 
 
 I Mary E. Fry ! " 
 
 ( McCoy- , G. W Hersman 
 
 Died Nov. 2, '68 
 
 Hersman 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 LeavenYv'th, Ks 
 u u 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 4 Sarah Harper. 
 
 I Lucinda Harper 
 
 f McGovern, Lorenzo 
 
 I Lucy Means 
 
 I McCoy, Patrick 
 
 X Ann E. Bowe 
 
 f Nighswonger, A. J 
 
 \ Mollie A. Hums 
 
 ( Xewby, Phcbe, (nee Jones) 
 I NeYvby, Thomas W 
 
 M 
 
 i. 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 Versailles- 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 Died Feb. 22,79 
 
 Sect. 33 
 
 Sect. 33.... 
 
 Sect. 8 
 
 Sect. 8 
 
 Sect. 8 
 
 Sect. 30.... 
 Sect. 30.... 
 
 Sect. 18 
 
 Sect. 18.... 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 Sect. 16 
 
 Sect. 16 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 20 
 
 Sect. 32 
 
 Sect. 32 
 
 LeavenYv'th, Ks 
 it a 
 
 Sect. 29 
 
 Sect. 29 
 
 Sect. 29 
 
 Sect. 30 
 
 Beet 30 
 
 Sect. 16 
 
 Hersman... 
 
 Sect. 27.."! 
 
 Sect. 27 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 21 
 
 Sect. 21 
 
 Sect. 34.... 
 
 Sect 84.." 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 6 
 
 Sect. 36.... 
 
 Sect. 36 
 
 Sect. 10.... 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 Wife of Arthur Orr 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser., 
 Father of A. B. Putman.. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Belfast, Ireland. 
 Brown Co., 111... 
 
 Mason Co., Kv... 
 Mother of A. B. Putman ;Clark Co., Ohio. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 Wife of T. J. Rouse 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Roberts. Ritchey 
 
 Father of Roberts. Ritchey 
 
 Mother of Robert S. Ritchey 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Daniel Six 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and Brick Mason. 
 
 Wile of William Taylor 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 Wife of George E. Taylor , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser..... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Attornev-at-LaYV , 
 
 Wife of'L. B. Wheat 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser , 
 
 Father of W. Keifer 
 
 Mother of W. Keifer , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser..". 
 
 Wife of Stout Kendrick , 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Late Wife of Abel Larkin 
 
 I leneral Merchandise 
 
 Wife of John Montgomery , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George W. Means 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of John R. Means 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Joseph McCabe 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of G. W. McCoy..... 
 
 Present Wife of G. W. McCoy 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Lorenzo McGovern 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Patrick McCoy 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of A. J. Nighswonger 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising 
 
 Late Husband of Phebe Newby 
 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Fayette Co., Ky 
 
 Ireland 
 
 Green Co., Ill 
 
 Rockcastle Co., Ky.. 
 
 Fayette Co., Ky 
 
 Scott Co., Kv , 
 
 Brown Co., 'ill 
 
 Union Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co, 111 
 
 Cayuga Co., N. Y. 
 Harrison Co., Ky. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Germany 
 
 Scott Co., Ky... 
 Adams Co., 111. 
 Rutland, Vt..... 
 
 Belfast, Ireland.. 
 Brown Co., III... 
 LeYvis Co., Ky..., 
 Brown Co., 111... 
 
 Dauphin Co., Pa.... 
 Harrison Co., Ky... 
 Adams Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Bertie Co., N. C 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Ireland 
 
 Schuyler Co., 111.... 
 
 Dade Co., Mo 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Guilford Co., N. C. 
 Fauquier Co., Va... 
 
 WHrN 
 
 CAMB 
 TO CO. 
 
 1863 
 1851 
 1846 
 1837 
 1837 
 1841 
 1844 
 1850 
 1856 
 1834 
 1838 
 1829 
 1851 
 1832 
 1830 
 11835 
 1 1850 
 1837 
 1839 
 1852 
 1836 
 |1853 
 1836 
 1836 
 1835 
 1842 
 1829 
 1833 
 1858 
 1837 
 ! 1858 
 1840 
 11838 
 1844 
 1850 
 1850 
 1840 
 1835 
 1817 
 1868 
 1860 
 1857 
 1850 
 1 854 
 1843 
 1839 
 1838 
 
 VERSAILLES TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Adams, Joel H 
 
 X Syrena Turner 
 
 < Adams, Oliver P 
 
 I Eliza Wainman, 
 
 J Allstot, John 
 
 I Fanny Biran 
 
 J Bund, John 
 
 X Julia A. Casteen 
 
 f Brady, .lames 
 
 I Ellen McCormick 
 
 I Bates, G. W 
 
 1 Estalline Burgeaser... 
 
 ( Burgesser, Arthur.... 
 
 J Sarah Chenowoth 
 
 | Burgesser, Catharine 
 (. Burgesser, Harrison.. 
 
 J Boat, Henry 
 
 t Susanna Hettrick 
 
 / Brown, R 
 
 1 Mary II. Hume 
 
 J Briggs, John R 
 
 I Nancv Hargus 
 
 Casteen, T. II 
 
 Versailles. 
 
 Died Get, 86, '80 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 Sect. 17 
 Sect. 17 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect 
 
 18. 
 
 Beet. 12 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 12 Wife of Joel H. Adams 
 
 Beet. 1 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 1 Wife of Oliver P. Adams 
 
 Versailles Cooper 
 
 Wife of John Allstot 
 
 ■' Physician and Surgeon 
 
 Wife of John Bond 
 
 Dry Goods Merchant 
 
 Wife of James Brady 
 
 Lumber Dealer and Farmer 
 
 Wife of G. W. Bates 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 18 Wife of Arthur Burgesser 
 
 17 Mother of Arthur Burgesser 
 
 Father of Arthur Burgesser JAdams Co., Ohio 
 
 Sect. 2 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'North Carolina 
 
 Sect. 2 Wife of Heury Boss j " " 
 
 Sect. 28 Farmer and Blacksmith jOhio 
 
 Sect. 28 Wife of R. BroYvn jSangamon Co., 111.... 
 
 Sect. 18 ....Farmer and Stock Raiser Davidson Co., N. C. 
 
 Sect. 18 Wife of John R. Briggs Tenn 
 
 Versailles Druggist [BroYvn Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 u a 
 it .it 
 
 Yorkshire, Eng 
 Clark Co., Ind. 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 Sangamon Co., 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 Ireland 
 
 
 1837 
 
 
 184? 
 
 
 1838 
 
 land... 
 
 1862 
 1858 
 1844 
 
 Ill 
 
 1830 
 18X4 
 
 
 IRfW 
 
 it 
 
 1840 
 
 Scott Co., Ky.. 
 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 a a 
 
 Pike Co., 111.... 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 
 1 85? 
 
 
 1849 
 
 
 1857 
 1879 
 1838 
 
 1851 
 1851 
 1 1844 
 1834 
 1831 
 1X34 
 1844
 
 388 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 VERSAILLES TOWNSHIP.-conti.noed. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 ( Dunklebnrg, J. H Versailles Versailles Dry Goods Merchant ; Livingston Oo.,N. Y. 
 
 \ Julia Burgesser 
 
 EcklerW.ll 
 
 ( Flattery, John A 
 
 j Maggie F. Glaze 
 
 ( (.laze, W. W > 
 
 I Elizabeth Coleman 
 
 ( Graves, Thomas H 
 
 \ Lueindia J. Ravenscroft... 
 
 J Gifford, Joseph 
 
 I Lueindia Hovis 
 
 Gamble, J. N 
 
 LuzenaHurd( Nee Gamble) " 
 
 Samuel Hurd Died Aug.6,77 
 
 Hartman, J.P Versailles 
 
 Eliza J. Vandeventer ! " 
 
 Hoffmann, J. C J " 
 
 Margaret Eads ' '• 
 
 Hume.J.F " 
 
 Sarah A. Edward " 
 
 ' Henry, Lavinia in« B«pker)....| " 
 
 Wife of J. H. Dunkleburg Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Dltwist Pike Co., Ill 
 
 " Merchant Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of John A. Flattery Brown Co.. Ill 
 
 Sect. 17 Farmer and Stock Raiser Sioto Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Sect. 17 Wife of W. W. Glaze Maryland 
 
 Versailles Proprietor of Maple Grove House. I.iverj and Feed Stabla Lafayette Co.. Mo. 
 
 Wife of Thomas H. Graves Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Cambria Co., Pa. 
 
 Wife of Joseph Gifford Venango Co., Pa. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 10.. 
 10.. 
 21.. 
 21.. 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 Sect, 18.. 
 Sect. 18. 
 
 Sister of J. N, Gamble jNorth Carolina 
 
 Late Husband of Luzena Hurd Kentucky 
 
 P.M. and Merchant :Hampshire Co., Va. 
 
 Wife of J. P. Hartman Brown Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Carpenter and Builder Rockbridge Co.. Va. 
 
 Wife of J. C. Hoffman Madison Co., Ky.... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of J. F. Hume New York 
 
 WBKK 
 CAMK 
 TOCO 
 
 1868 
 1845 
 1868 
 1856 
 1860 
 1856 
 1856 
 1864 
 
 1868 
 
 1868 
 1839 
 1830 
 
 s«* «. E.i.weM. Farming and Stock Raising Fayette Co., 111. 
 
 Henry, As her F DiedFeb.23,'63; Late Husband of Lavinia Henry. 
 
 | Hambaugh, J. M.... 
 'l Frances A. Cullinan 
 
 (Hall, John A 
 
 \ Eliza Hamilton 
 
 Halk, Samuel 
 
 f Littler, J. N 
 
 ( Margaret E. Hume 
 
 J Lan'ier, John 
 
 1 Elizabeth Heftlin... 
 ( Martin, W. B 
 
 Versailles Sect, 28 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 28 Wife of J. M. Hambaugh 
 
 Sect. 31 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 21 Wife of John A. Hall 'Brown Co., I 
 
 Sect. 18 Farmer and Stock Raiser Pike Co. Ill 
 
 New York. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 18-46 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 1850 
 
 Brown. Co., Ill 1856 
 
 1858 
 1863 
 
 Fairfield Co., Ohio... 1861 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1839 
 
 Davidson Co.. N. C... 1841 
 
 Versailles General Insurance Agent , 
 
 Wife of J. N. Littler 
 
 Spring Station.. Sect. 33 1 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 " Sect. 33 ] Wife of John Lanier jBrown Co., Ill 1840 
 
 " Sect. 32 {Farmer and Stock Raiser I Hamilton Co., Ohio... 1837 
 
 Martin, John Died Sep. 23,'54 (Father of W. B. Martin Hamilton Co., Ohio... 1837 
 
 Martin, Rachael Spring Station.. Sect. 32 Mother of W. B. Martin 'Pennsylvania 1837 
 
 Murray, J. M jVersailles Sect. 10 Farmer arid Proprietor of Saw Mills 'Kentucky 1862 
 
 Sect. 10.. 
 
 \ Anna Rosenbery 
 
 ( Perry, D. If I " 
 
 \ Melvina Drummond ! " 
 
 | Russell, Thomas J I " 
 
 1 Sarah E. Vandeventer " 
 
 j Rowland, B. L " 
 
 | Cyrene Edmonson " 
 
 f Ravenscroft, Mary F ! " 
 
 i Ravenscroft, Ashford D Died Ap'l 19/72 
 
 (Reid, J. Robert Versailles Versailles 
 
 X Priscilla Peters 
 
 I Reisch, J. H 
 
 ( Amanda J. Briggs 
 
 (Reid, W. M 
 
 1 Belle Vandeventer 
 
 ( Ravenscroft, W. II 
 
 I Amanda Vandeventer 
 
 (Root, S. C 
 
 ( Nancy J. Boitnifield... 
 
 j Robinson. Oscar 
 
 { Mary E. Curry 
 
 / Robinson, Jo. A 
 
 \ Carolina McDonald.... 
 
 Root, Thomas E 
 
 Paulina Withers 
 
 Robinson, George M.. 
 
 Robinson, Benjamin... 
 
 Somerville Withers... 
 
 Roberts, G. W 
 
 M. E. Patty 
 
 RaveDacroft, Charity Nee WaUoo. 
 
 'Wife of J. M. Murrav Tuscarawas Co., Ohio. 18il2 
 
 Sect. 7 'Farmer and Stock Raiser |Morgan Co., Ill 1832 
 
 Sect. 7 Wife of D.M.Perry JTennessee 1862 
 
 Versailles County Judge [Hamilton Co., Ill 1>4"> 
 
 ' Wife of Thomas J. Russell Ross Co., Ohio 1845 
 
 " Dealer in Agricultural Implements Licking Co., Ohio 1867 
 
 " 'Wife of B. L. Rowland Adams Co, 111 1867 
 
 " | Widow of Ashford Ravenscroft IWoodford Co., Ky... 1832 
 
 Late Husband of Mary F. Ravenscroft Loudon Co., Va 1884 
 
 Dry Goods Merchant Brown Co., Ill 1842 
 
 Wife of J. Robert Reid Brown Co., Ill 1816 
 
 " - Carriage and Wagon Maker Brown 
 
 Wife of J. H. Reisch Brown 
 
 " Traveling Agent Brown 
 
 " Wife of W. M. Reid Brown 
 
 Sect. 17 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown 
 
 Sect. 17 Wife of W. H. Ravenscroft {Brown Co., 
 
 Sect. 11 Farmer and Proprietor of Saw Mill Brown Co., 
 
 Sect. 21 iWifeofS. C. Root Iowa 
 
 Sect. 9...' Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., 
 
 Sect. 9 Wife of Oscar Robinson iBrown Co., 
 
 Sect. 4 iFannerand Stock Raiser iBrown 
 
 Sect, 4 Wife of Jo. A. Robinson {Brown 
 
 Sect. 8 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown 
 
 Co., Ill 1853 
 
 Co., Ill ! 
 
 Co., Ill 1853 
 
 Co., 
 Co., 
 
 111. 
 111. 
 111. 
 11). 
 
 1858 
 . 1843 
 
 
 
 .1835 
 
 .Sect. 
 .Sect. 
 
 Brown 
 
 Co., 
 Co., 
 Co., 
 Co., 
 
 8 iWife of Thomas E. Root 
 
 8 -...Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 " Father of George M. Robinson 
 
 Died May2, '79 Versailles Late Wife of Benjamin Robinson 
 
 Versailles i " Laborer 
 
 ! " Wife of G. W. Roberts Randolph ( ... 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising Frankfort, Ky 
 
 111. 
 111. 
 III. 
 111. 
 
 111. 
 111. 
 III. 
 
 .Sect, 15.. 
 
 Isaac W. Martin Died Nov. 1,'62 First Husband of Charity Ravenscroft ( >hio. . 
 
 Brown Co., 
 
 Virginia 1828 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Jersey Co., Ill 1861 
 
 .... 1849 
 .... 1848 
 
 Ravenscroft, Edward M. 
 
 (Six, A. D 
 
 X Rachael Osborne... 
 
 (Stone, S. E 
 
 1 Nancy A. Turner. 
 (Stone, Arthur E.... 
 X Lydia A. Raney.. 
 
 Died Mar. 5,'SO' Late Husband of Charity Ravenscroft Virginia 
 
 Spring Station. Sect. 28 Farmer, Stock Raiser and Physician Brown Co., Ill 1830 
 
 Sect. 28 Wife of A. D. Six .". Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 Sect. 22....." {Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Sect. 22 Wife of S. E. Stone Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Sect. 22 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Sect. 22 Wife of Arthur E. 
 
 Stone .Jefferson Co., Ohio. 
 
 1851 
 1844 
 1844 
 
 1851 
 1856
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 389 
 
 VERSAILLES TOWNSHIP— «""»«»• 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 Spring Station.. 
 u 
 
 Versailles 
 
 Died Oct. 4. '00 
 " May 1856 
 Versailles 
 
 f Sargent, J. M 
 
 \ Anna Bassett 
 
 ( Taylor, John E 
 
 t Frances J. Martin 
 
 f Taylor, John J 
 
 I Sophia Reger 
 
 IVamloventer, S 
 Clarissa Nighswonger 
 Charolotte Nighswonger.. 
 Mary Sullens 
 
 I Vandeventer, B. B 
 
 I Lucinda J. Reid 
 
 | Vandeventer, W. 11 
 
 •< Margaret Curran 
 
 (Jane Walker 
 
 f Wainman, C. W 
 
 I Ann Rowland 
 
 ( Wight, Westbrook 
 
 "I Sarah S Barnett 
 
 f Withrow, C. C 
 
 I Withrow, S. J Died Feb. 9, '72 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Versailles.. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 Stock Dealer Morgan Co., Ill 
 
 Wile of J. M. Sargent Coshocton Co., Ohio... 
 
 Sect. 33 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Sect. 33 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 Versailles 
 
 Wife of John E. Taylor Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., 111. 
 
 WHEN 
 I'AMB 
 
 TO CO. 
 
 1867 
 1863 
 
 1849 
 1851 
 1852 
 
 Died July 22,78 
 Versailles 
 
 Wife of John J. Taylor.. 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 First Wife of S. Vandeventer 
 
 [Second Wife of S. Vandeventer. 
 
 Versailles Present Wife of S. Vandeventer., 
 
 Sect. 15 IFarmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 15. 
 Sect. 14 
 
 St. Louis Mo.. 
 Madison Co., Ohio. 
 Gallatin Co., III.... 
 
 Gallatin Co., Ill 
 
 Howard Co., Mo.... 
 Fayette Co., Ohio... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill , 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Esther, Alexander.. 
 Wainman, George.... 
 
 Elizabeth Turner 
 
 Walsh, Edward 
 
 Lucinda Rutherford. 
 
 Wilkerson, J. W 
 
 Jane McCoy 
 
 White, F. 
 
 Ella Flattery 
 
 Versailles. 
 
 Wife of B. B. Vandeventer 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of W. 11. Vandeventer 
 
 Sect. 14 Present Wife of W. H. Vandeventer 
 
 Versailles Dealer in Agricultural Implts., & Blacksmith 
 
 " Wife of C. W. Wianman 
 
 " Liverv and Feed Stable 
 
 " Wife of Westbrook Wight 
 
 Sect. 2 Farmer and School Teacher Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Father of C. C. Withrow Kentucky.. 
 
 Mother of C C Withrow Brown Co., 111.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Morgan Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of George Wainman [Brown Co., 111.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Ireland 
 
 1832 
 ,1826 
 .1826 
 .1858 
 .'1832 
 ,1844 
 .1841 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Morgan Co., 111. 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Ross Co., Ohio.. 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Sect. 2.. 
 Sect. 1.. 
 Sect. 1.. 
 Sect. 32 
 Sect. 32 
 
 .... Wife of Edward Walsh... 
 
 Sect. 5 Farmer and Stock Raiser. 
 
 Sect. 5 Wife of J. W. Wilkerson., 
 
 Versailles.. Drayman 
 
 jWifeof F. C White 
 
 Hancock Co., 111.. 
 Madison Co., Ky , 
 Brown Co., 111..!.. 
 
 Perry Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 1861 
 1874 
 1867 
 1866 
 1851 
 1861 
 1858 
 1832 
 1855 
 1853 
 1802 
 
 1851 
 1851 
 1 866 
 1855 
 
 COOPERSTOWN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Alexander, Sarah 
 
 f Howe. John H 
 
 ( Harriet E. HowelJmBmirl. 
 
 ( Bowe, Thomas 
 
 I Bowe, Margaret 
 
 ( Boss, Mesas 
 
 ^Boss, William 
 
 | Anna C. Frank 
 
 Clark, Klias 
 
 Elisabeth Thorn pk ins 
 
 Eliza Logsdon(nc«Corlieu) 
 
 Cox, Stephen D 
 
 Candes, Henry 
 
 Cox, James A 
 
 Martha Pitt igre w 
 
 Dunbar, MalindaOiee<.og.d.m> 
 
 Dunbar, Martin 
 
 Ensor, Benjamin F 
 
 Nancy E. Tebo 
 
 Greeuwell William M 
 
 Mary A. Bates 
 
 Henry, Hiram E 
 
 Sarah Putman 
 
 Hlnman, Mluerva (nee Alexander). 
 
 Gideon, llininan 
 
 Howell, Ira 
 
 Anna Thomas , 
 
 Hills, Richard 
 
 Rhoda, Reddick 
 
 Louisa B. Edmonstou 
 
 Hurst, James 
 
 Elizabeth Perry 
 
 Belle Long 
 
 ( Jones, Isaac 
 
 •< Margaret Howell 
 
 ( Nancy Howell <»<* cnitan). 
 
 < Mobley, Julius 
 
 jRuth McMillen....... 
 
 ( Mcl'herson, Benjamin 
 
 \ Mary Ann M. Giddings.. 
 
 White Rock 'Jewell Co. Ks. 
 
 Cooperstown Sec. 20, R. 1 W 
 
 ....Sec. 20, R. 1 W 
 ....Sec. 18, R. 1 W 
 ....Sec. 18. R. 1 W 
 
 " ....Sect.35 
 
 " ....Bect.85 
 
 " ....Sect.35 
 
 Versailles Sect. 33 
 
 DiedAug.27,'78 
 
 Versailles ;Sect,33 
 
 Cooperstown. . . . Cooperstown . . 
 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Ireland 
 
 Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Versailles Sect. 28. 
 
 Died Dec. 2, '62 
 
 Ripley Sect. 6 
 
 " Sect. 6 
 
 Cooperstown Sect. 34 
 
 ....Sect. 34 
 
 " .... Cooperstown. 
 
 " ....Sect. 21 
 
 Died May 3, '75 
 Cooperstown.... 
 
 Sect. 16. 
 Sect. 16.. 
 Sect. 36. 
 
 Died May (i, '65 
 
 Cooperstown 
 
 llersman 
 
 Died May 8, '79 
 I lersman... 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Died Feb. 12/68 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Cooperstown.... 
 
 " .... Beet. 20 
 
 Mount Sterling. Sect. 5.. 
 
 " " Sect. 5.. 
 
 Sect. 36.. 
 
 Sect. 80.. 
 
 Sect. "30.'. 
 Sect. 4... 
 
 Sect. 4... 
 Sect. 2H. 
 
 Farmer and J. P 
 
 Wife of John H. Bowe 
 
 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Ireland 
 
 Sister of Thomas P.owe Ireland 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Davidson Co., X- C. 
 
 Father of Moses Boss Davidson Co., N. O. 
 
 Mother of Moses Boss [Davidson Co., N. C... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser [Culpepper Co., Va.... 
 
 First wife of Elias Clark [Culpepper Co., Va.... 
 
 Present wife of Elias (lark Kentucky 
 
 General Merchant and Farmer Bond Co., Ill 
 
 |Wife of Stephen D. Cox Bond Co., Ill 
 
 Genera] Merchant and P. M Hrown Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of James A. Cox [Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Farming Madison Co., Ky 
 
 Late Husband of Malinda Dunbar 'Madison Co., Ky 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wile of Benjamin F. Ensor 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William M. Greenwell 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Hiram E. Henry 
 
 Fanning 
 
 Late Husband of Minerva llinman 
 
 Farmer and Stock Kaiser 
 
 Wife of Ira Howell 
 
 Farmer and Blacksmith 
 
 First Wife of Richard Hills 
 
 Present Wife of Richard Hills 
 
 Farmer, Stock Raiser and School Director 
 
 First Wife of James Hurst 
 
 Present Wife of James Hurst 
 
 Retired Fanner and Gun Smith 
 
 First Wife of Isaac Jones 
 
 Present Wife of Isaac Jones 
 
 Farmer Brown Co., II 
 
 Wife of Julius Mobley Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Fanner and Stock Raiser [Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Wife of Benjamin G. McPherson Brown Co , III 
 
 Washington Co., Tenn 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Meade Co., Kv 
 
 Brown Co., 111*. 
 
 Brown Co., III 
 
 Champaign Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co . Ill 
 
 Oneida Co, N.Y 
 
 Monroe Co., Ind 
 
 Champaign Co., Ohio 
 
 Schuvler Co., Ill 
 
 Schuyler Co.. Ill 
 
 McDonongh Co., 111... 
 
 Brown Co , 111 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Tenn 
 
 Guilford Co., N. C 
 
 Roan Co., N. C 
 
 1828 
 IS49 
 1849 
 1849 
 1849 
 1857 
 1857 
 1S57 
 1849 
 1849 
 1849 
 1843 
 1X51 
 L859 
 1852 
 1 854 
 1854 
 187 7 
 1851 
 1845 
 1S45 
 1838 
 1845 
 1832 
 1836 
 1 888 
 1886 
 1873 
 
 1873 
 1842 
 1851 
 L856 
 1839 
 1839 
 1838 
 1845 
 1848 
 1853 
 1855
 
 890 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 COOPERSTOWN TOWNSHIP.-continued. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 (O'Connell, Edward 
 
 t Mary Bowe 
 
 ( Pnrks, Sarah H.,o«eHobiii«m> 
 
 \ Parks, Absalom 
 
 f Perry, Luke W 
 
 ■! Caroline Graver 
 
 I Susan D. Friday (nee flush) 
 
 J Petri, Charles 
 
 \ Emma Reich 
 
 I Perry, .Tames 
 
 I Eliza Hills 
 
 f Perry, E. A 
 
 I Cordelia C. Sharon 
 
 {Rose, Sarah A. (nee Barton I 
 Rose, Charles. 
 
 f Reger, Frank II 
 
 (.Sue A. Cox 
 
 Reger, Casper 
 
 fSeckman, J. W 
 
 \ Nancy P. Taylor 
 
 t Stout, Francis M 
 
 i Margenia Alexander 
 
 ( Nancy C. Alexander 
 
 ( Sarver, Benjamin F 
 
 X Margaret Dunbar 
 
 I Snyder, Jacob H 
 
 X Margaret Rush 
 
 I Smevers, George B 
 
 I Barbarv, Whited 
 
 f Thomas, W. A...) _. 
 I Sarah A. Shelly, I w * 
 
 I Thomas, P I Th 
 
 I Irena A. Glenn.. J 
 
 f Vance, Ellison 
 
 I Susannah Davis. .. 
 
 J Whited, John 
 
 X Elizabeth Gilford.. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Cooperstown.. ..Sec. 20, R.l W. 
 ....jSec. 20, It. 1 W. 
 
 ....Beet 17 
 
 DiedMar.22,75i 
 
 Hersman... Sect. 30 
 
 Died Sep. 17,76 
 
 Hersman 'Sect. 30 
 
 Cooperstown.... Sect. 30 
 
 " ....Sect. 30 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 18 
 
 " " :Sect. 18 
 
 " Sect. 18 
 
 " ' Sect. 18 
 
 Cooperstown.. . . Sect. 23 
 
 Died Mar. 4, 77 
 
 Cooperstown.... Sect 23..... 
 
 ....Sect.^3 
 
 " ....|Sect. 24 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 18 
 
 " Sect. 18 
 
 Riptev Sect. 4 
 
 Died Sep. 12,'51 
 
 Riplev Sect. 4 
 
 " Sect. 9 
 
 " Sect. 8 
 
 Cooperstown.... Sect. 13 
 
 Sect. 13 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 WHEN 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Ireland 1857 
 
 Wife of Edward O'Connell -. ' " 1849 
 
 Farming and tock Raising Fayette Co., Kv 1835 
 
 Late Husband of Sarah H. Parks Madison Co., kv 1887 
 
 Farmer Brown Co., 111... '1833 
 
 First Wife of Luke W. Perrv " " L836 
 
 Present Wife of Luke W. Perry Perry Co., Ohio 1854 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Cass Co., Ill 1869 
 
 Wife of Charles Petri St Louis, Mo L859 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser '. Clairborne Co., Tenn.. 1833 
 
 Wife of James Perrv Indiana 1826 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Brown Co., Ill 1847 
 
 Wife of E. A. Perry " " 1849 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising Bond Co., Ill 
 
 Late Husband of Sarah Rose [Kentucky 
 
 Brown Co., 111.. 
 
 1843 
 1829 
 1858 
 1858 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 Wife of Frank H. Reger. 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 Wife of J. W. Seckman... 
 
 Farmer, Merchant and Man'Prof Stoneware Scott Co., Ky 1844 
 
 First Wife of Francis M. Stout (Tennessee 1838 
 
 Present Wife of Francis M. Stout Schuyler Co., Ill 1839 
 
 Germany '1857 
 
 Virginia !1844 
 
 Bourbon Co., Ky 1844 
 
 Sect. 31 
 
 Sect. 31 
 
 Cooperstown... 
 
 .«.1P; 
 
 Versailles 
 
 Cooperstown.. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect 
 
 15.. 
 15. 
 32.. 
 32.. 
 30. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 Wife of Benjamin F. Sarver , 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Jacob H. Snyder 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George B. Smeyers 
 
 General Merchandise 
 
 Wife of W.A. Thomas 
 
 Farmer and General Merchant. 
 Wife of P. Thomas 
 
 Peoria Co., Ill 1869 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1851 
 
 Perrv Co., Pa 1872 
 
 Prebble Co., Ohio 1872 
 
 Indiana Co., Pa 1871 
 
 Bedford Co., Pa 1871 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1840 
 
 " 1K48 
 
 " " 1842 
 
 " !".'.'.".".!! i860 
 
 Farmer Clairborne Co., Tenn.. 1852 
 
 Wife of Ellison Vance JBrown Co., Ill 1887 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Bedford Co., Pa 1856 
 
 Wife of John Whited Cambria Co., Pa ;1856 
 
 MISSOURI TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 
 « Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 " ISect. 
 Sect. 
 
 f Bell, Ira 
 
 X Emeline Bates 
 
 J Brown, William H 
 
 X Marv C. Lynn 
 
 fBeli; Hardin 
 
 I Brown, Rosean .... 
 
 "I Bell. John DiedFeb.l2.'82 
 
 I Bell, Elizb'th, (nee Carter) Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 " " |Sect. 
 
 Died Sept. 7. 77 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 
 " Sect. 
 " jSect. 
 " Sect. 
 " Sect. 
 
 Died Jul. 19,'81 
 
 ,'39 
 
 Bvrns, J. M 
 Byrne, E. F 
 
 Bvrns, Harvey 
 
 Bvrns, Kate 
 
 ( Clark, John T 
 
 X Carter, Amanda C 
 "Hill, Alonzo A 
 
 Mary R. Bolnrts.. 
 
 Hill, Benjamin F._ .. 
 
 Doratha Short Died 
 
 f Healv, E. J Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 I Alicia 0. Fitzsimmon " " Set. 
 
 f Jones, John, Jr ' " " Sect. 
 
 ■j Jones, Sarah I. («• b*«ii.... Died Sept.6,78' 
 
 (Kate Black Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 28.... 
 28... 
 23... 
 23... 
 29... 
 29... 
 
 29.'.'. 
 3.... 
 
 17. 
 17. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Ira Bell 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William H. Brown 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Hardin Bell 
 
 Father of Hardin Bell , 
 
 Mother of Hardin Bell 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of E. F. and J. M. Bvrns... 
 Mother of E. F. and J. M. Byrns.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of John T. Clark 
 
 29 Farmer and Stock Raiser.. 
 
 29 
 
 Died- 
 
 Sect 
 jSect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 {Kerr, Robert. 
 Mary Mockton 
 
 ( McPhail, Eugene E. 
 
 \ McPhail, Enos P 
 
 '. Minerva J. Pettigrew Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 I Owens, Benjamin F. 
 
 IDelila Watts 
 
 f Henry Parker 
 
 I Margaret A. Bell 
 
 r Parker George W.... 
 \ Martha A. Boggs 
 
 Wife of Alonzo A. Hill. 
 
 Father of Alonzo A. Hill 
 
 Mother of Alonzo A. Hill 
 
 16 Farmer, Slock Dealer and Ex-Supervisor.. 
 
 16 W T ifeof E.J. Healy 
 
 5 {Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of John Jones, Jr 
 
 5 Present Wife of John Jones, Jr 
 
 23 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 23 Wife of Robert Kerr 
 
 17 Farmer ami Stock Raiser 
 
 -,'63 Father of Eugene E. MePhail 
 
 17 Mother of Eugene E. McPhail 
 
 "Sect. 20 Blacksmith and Town Clerk 
 
 Sect. 20 Wife of Benjamin F. Owens 
 
 'Sect. 28 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Sect. 28 Wife of Henry Parker 
 
 Sect. 30 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 [Sect. 30 Wife of George W. Parker 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1830 
 
 . Scott Co., Ill 1839 
 
 Pickaway Co., Ohio... 1841 
 
 Brown Co., HI 1S53 
 
 ,1 " " 1852 
 
 1 " " 1857 
 
 Virginia 1S29 
 
 McDonough Co , 111... ■ 
 
 Hancock Co., Ill '.. 1856 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1859 
 
 Ohio 1856 
 
 Germanv 1856 
 
 . Brown Co., Ill 1844 
 
 , " " 1861 
 
 . Bradford, N. H 1837 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1839 
 
 .Sutton, N. H 1837 
 
 , " " 1837 
 
 . Woodford Co., Kv 1854 
 
 Herefordshire, Eng.... 1850 
 
 . Marblehead 1832 
 
 . Highland Co., Ohio... 1841 
 .Co. Antrim, Ireland... 1857 
 
 . Sclmvler Co., Ill 1866 
 
 . Brown Co., Ill 1861 
 
 .Scotland 1887 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1839 
 
 . " " ....1844 
 
 J « " 18J0 
 
 . Wavne Co., Tenn 187« 
 
 . Bro"wn Co., Ill 1858 
 
 .1 " " 1857 
 
 . Lewis Co., Kv 1878
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 301 
 
 MISSOURI TOWNSHIP -continued. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 (Parker, Edward 
 
 \ Parker, Olando M 
 
 I Susan J. Whitaker 
 
 (Roberts, John 
 
 \ Mary Bartlett 
 
 (Juliette Bartlett 
 
 / Kigg, Peter 
 
 I Mary E.Clark 
 
 / Higg, William Travis... 
 
 I'Purlina Clark 
 
 (Rash, David J 
 
 \ Margaret Crummy 
 
 j Roberts, George H 
 
 \ Susan Keith 
 
 f Bigg, Abner Clark 
 
 \ Mary Jane Singleton.... 
 J Seckman, Jonathan F.. 
 
 I Sophia Howell 
 
 / Spencer, Edward M 
 
 I Elizabeth C. Burns 
 
 /Scott, Frank 
 
 \ Isabell Oatman 
 
 / Weigand, Adam 
 
 I Christian E. Routhons.. 
 
 / Yakle, Krhard 
 
 \ Christine Bensink 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Died Oct. 2, '59 
 Mount SterlingSect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect, 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Rushville Sect. 
 
 " JSect. 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 30 Farmer and Teacher 
 
 30 Father of Edward Parker 
 
 30 Mother of Edward Parker.... 
 
 20 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of John Roberts.... 
 
 20 Present wife of John Roberts 
 
 20 iFarmer and Stock Raiser and School Tres'r 
 
 20 Wife of Peter Rigg 
 
 32 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 32 jWife of William Travis Rigg 
 
 35 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 35 Wife of David J. Rash 
 
 20.... 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 
 34 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 WHKN 
 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George H. Roberts 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Abner Clark Rigg 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Jonathan M. Seckman. 
 
 Farmer and tock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Edmund M. Spencer.... 
 
 Prop'r of Scotts Mills 
 
 11 IWife of Frank Scott '. 
 
 36 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 36 IWifoof Adam Weigand 
 
 6 IFarmer and Coal Miner 
 
 6...„ iWife of Erhard Yakle 
 
 Wayne Co., Tenn 1870 
 
 Mason Co., Ky 1835 
 
 Halifax Co., N. C 1370 
 
 Essex Co., Mass 1832 
 
 Essex Co., N. Y J1852 
 
 Essex Co., N. Y J1852 
 
 Mercer Co., Ky J1830 
 
 Logan Co., Ky !1837 
 
 Anderson Co., Ky J1831 
 
 Logan Co., Ky 11835 
 
 Fulda, Germany 1854 
 
 Co., Armagh, Ireland 1852 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1832 
 
 1852 
 1837 
 
 Kentucky 1807 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1852 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1852 
 
 Portage Co., Ohio !l848 
 
 Stark Co., Ohio 1853 
 
 Schuyler Co., III. 
 
 Ohio 
 
 1868 
 1875 
 1853 
 1869 
 
 Muskingum Co 
 
 Quincy, 111 
 
 Wurtemburg, Ger J1878 
 
 Germany 1878 
 
 BUCKHORN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 f Berry, A. D 
 
 I Mary A. Stephens 
 
 / Briggs, Philip R 
 
 I Nancy Ilissel 
 
 {Bratten, Robert T 
 CynthaA. Hughes 
 Rebecca C. Lynn 
 
 f Briggs, W.W 
 
 I Sarah O. Adams , 
 
 ./ Bom, Andrew 
 
 I Geroma Miller 
 
 Carter, Norman R 
 
 /Dean, William M 
 
 (.Nancy J. Johnson 
 
 i Dehart, Thomas D 
 
 -J Alissa New , 
 
 ( Malinda Martin 
 
 / Ferguson, John 
 
 I Nancy Blair 
 
 / Lewis, Thomas A , 
 
 I Mary E. McMeius , 
 
 {Orr, David 
 Nancy A. Morrell 
 Almyra J. Morrell 
 
 / Razey, RufusG 
 
 I Lucy A. Newton , 
 
 f Shineberger, < leorge , 
 
 ■I Sarah A. Lanpher 
 
 I Mary A. Scouten 
 
 J Stevenson, ( ieorgc L 
 
 I Mary E. Six , 
 
 /Smith, James P 
 
 I Elmina J. McCoy 
 
 /Taylor, Peter O 
 
 t Sarah E. Clinard 
 
 < Tucker, Coulson 
 
 \ Sarah K. Bean 
 
 /Williams, George W 
 
 \ Juliett Ross 
 
 I Whiteside, Charles C 
 
 I Martha Dean 
 
 {Whiteside, Lee 
 Whiteside, Isaac 
 Whiteside, G. A. (N<*MecoD 
 
 / Waller, Thomas M 
 
 \ Lucy J. Kemper , 
 
 Buckhorn.. 
 
 White Oak Sp'g 
 Died Dec. 3178 
 White Oak Sp'g 
 Buckhorn 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect, 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Bcnville... 
 Buckhorn 
 
 lienville 
 
 Died July 16 '71 
 Bcnville 
 
 Died July 23 '77 
 Bcnville 
 
 Died May 12 '50 
 Bcnville 
 
 Kellc-rviUo Adams Co. 
 
 II n II 
 
 Bcnville 
 
 9... 
 
 2... 
 2... 
 28.. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 28. 
 
 2... 
 
 ■2... 
 ir>.. 
 
 15.. 
 
 88.. 
 
 4... 
 
 4... 
 
 80.. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 80.. 
 19.. 
 17.. 
 82. 
 82. 
 26.. 
 
 Sect, 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect, 
 
 26.. 
 
 33.. 
 33,. 
 34.. 
 
 Buckhorn., 
 
 KelltrvUla Ad»mi Co. 
 
 Buckhorn 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Seet. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 34. 
 34.. 
 34., 
 6... 
 6... 
 23., 
 23. 
 29.. 
 29.. 
 2... 
 2... 
 4... 
 4... 
 6... 
 6.. 
 6... 
 14.. 
 14.. 
 
 Farmer and Township Supervisor.... 
 
 Wife of A. D. Berry 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Philip It. Briggs 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser and P. M. 
 
 First wife of Robert T. Bratten 
 
 Present wife of Robert T. Bratten... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of W. W. Briggs 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Andrew Boss 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Farmer and Stoclf Raiser 
 
 Wife of William M. Dean 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of Thomas B. Dehart 
 
 Present wife of Thomas B. Dehart... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of John Ferguson 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Thomas A. Lewis...-. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of David Orr 
 
 Present Wife of David Orr 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Rufus G. Razey 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First wife of George Sineberger 
 
 Present wife of George Shineberger. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George L. Stovenson 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Wife of James P. McCoy 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Peter O.Taylor 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Wife of Coulson Tucker 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of George W. Williams 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Charles W. Whiteside 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Father of Lee Whiteside 
 
 Mother of Lee Whiteside 
 
 Farmer and Stock Kaiser :. 
 
 Wife of Thomas M. Waller 
 
 Brown Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Davidson Co., N. C... 
 
 Madison Co., Ill 
 
 Smythe Co., Tenn 
 
 Rockbridge Co., Va... 
 
 Butler Co , Ohio., 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Davidson Co., N. C... 
 
 Roan Co., N. C 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Hart Co., Ky 
 
 Morgan Co., Ill 
 
 Nicholas Co., Ky 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Harrison Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Washington Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co., Ohio 
 
 Peon 
 
 Allegheny 
 
 New York 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Adams Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Pike Co., Ill 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Lancaster Co., Pa...... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Hamilton Co., Ohio... 
 
 England 
 
 Hamilton Co., Ohio... 
 
 Orange Co., N. Y 
 
 Gent Co., Ky 
 
 Pendleton, Co., N. Y.. 
 Marion Co., Ind 
 
 1857 
 1841 
 1849 
 1849 
 1852 
 1852 
 1872 
 1856 
 1857 
 1858 
 1858 
 1864 
 1866 
 1860 
 1833 
 18-15 
 1864 
 1845 
 1860 
 1840 
 1846 
 1863 
 1837 
 1857 
 1866 
 1865 
 1839 
 1839 
 1850 
 1867 
 1867 
 1865 
 1847 
 1855 
 1860 
 1844 
 1841 
 1850 
 1840 
 1844 
 1866 
 1844 
 1844 
 1844 
 1868 
 1868
 
 392 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 PEA. RIDGE TOWNSHIP 
 
 NAME 
 
 Bond, Charles J 
 
 Lizzie E. MeNeff. 
 
 Bond, Sanford - 
 
 Margaret A. Whelan 
 
 f Brown, Jay 
 
 ! Annie Vancil 
 
 1 Brown, Josiah , 
 
 LPhebe M. Burbans 
 
 Crisp, John and Brothers.. 
 
 J Chainberlin, Noah 
 
 I Mary J. Rilev 
 
 fGristy, B. D." 
 
 t Margaret Collasure 
 
 {Hunsaker, A. J 
 Hunsaker, Elijah , 
 Hunsaker, M. A («« simp**) 
 
 J Hersman, Will 
 
 IKateMcCabe 
 
 j Long, J. M 
 
 (.Catherine Noland 
 
 Lester, Robert 
 
 Rachel J. Crabb 
 
 Lester Col. H 
 
 { Mary H. Trabue 
 
 I Merritt, Daniel M , 
 
 t Sarah Crooks 
 
 ( McCaskiU, W. H 
 
 \ Jane Crook 
 
 I McDannold, Thomas I 
 
 t Mary E. Means , 
 
 J Pevehouse, J. J 
 
 I Pevehouse, Susana 
 
 Ratcliff, John H 
 
 Gnely E. Giddings 
 
 ' Ratciiff, A. B 
 
 . Rlteliff, A. E. C« Cohenour) 
 
 I Watson, D. K 
 
 \Ruth Kirkpatrick 
 
 P03T OFFICE. RESIDENCE. 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 
 Sect. 
 • " Sect 
 " Sect. 
 " Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 Died Aug 20,74 
 
 Died Mar 15,'49 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 
 
 " jSect. 
 
 Died Mar 21/82J 
 
 Mound Station Sect 
 
 " Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 
 " Sect, 
 
 " Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 
 •' Sect. 
 
 " Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Died Aug 11/56. 
 
 D'B.tes Co.Mo.Aug. 9T» _ 
 
 26 Fanner and Stock Baiser 
 
 26 Wife of Charles J. Bond 
 
 26 Father of Charles J. Bond 
 
 26 Mother of Charles J. Bond 
 
 35 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 36 Wife of J. Brown 
 
 Father of Jay Brown 
 
 Mother of Jay Brown 
 
 14 Farmers and Stock Raisers 
 
 25 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of Noah Chamberlin 
 
 26 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 26 Wife of B. D. Gristy 
 
 26 iFarmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 26 Father of A. J. Hunsaker 
 
 26... 
 33... 
 33... 
 35... 
 33... 
 33... 
 33... 
 
 NATIVITY. 
 
 vtnti 
 
 'AMI 
 TOCO. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1857 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1S61 
 
 Nelson Co., Kv 1849 
 
 Nelson Co., Ky 1849 
 
 McLean Co., Ill 1861 
 
 111. 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect, 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 
 Clayton.. 
 
 Died Nov 16,'81 
 Mound Station 
 Died Aug. 7,74 
 
 Mother of A. J. Hunsaker 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Will Hersman 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of J. M. Long 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Robert Lester 
 
 Father of Robert Lester 
 
 Mother of Robert Lester 
 
 24 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 24 Wife of David ML Merritt 
 
 12 'Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 III. 
 111. 
 III. 
 
 12.. 
 36.. 
 36. 
 19.. 
 19.. 
 SO- 
 SO., 
 30. 
 
 Sect. 29. 
 
 Wife of W. H. McCaskill. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Thomas I. McDannold. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of J. J. Pevehouse 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser.' 
 
 Wife of John H. Ratcliff. 
 
 Father of John H. Ratcliff. 
 
 Mother of John H. Ratcliff. 
 
 Farmee and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of D. K. Watson.... 
 
 Adams Co. 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 New York 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Pickaway Co., Ohio... 
 
 Ross Co., Ohio 
 
 Hardin Co., Ky 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Christian Co., Ky 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., 
 Brown Co., 
 Brown Co., 
 Pickaway Co., Ohio... 
 
 Adair Co., Ky 
 
 Adair Co., Ky 
 
 Rockbridge Co., Va... 
 
 Pittsburg, Pa 
 
 Sangemou Co., Ill 
 
 England 1848 
 
 Bath Co., Ky 1845 
 
 Lewis Co., Ky 1835 
 
 Wayne Co., Ky 1833 
 
 Wayne Co., Ky 1832 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1853 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 1853 
 
 Woodford Co.,Ky 18:7 
 
 Pennsylvania 1S47 
 
 Ross Co., Ohio f860 
 
 Pickaway Co., Ohio... 1850 
 
 1869 
 1861 
 
 1866 
 1866 
 1830 
 1857 
 1867 
 1867 
 1867 
 1855 
 1855 
 1837 
 1842 
 1832 
 1852 
 1829 
 1829 
 D56 
 1848 
 1835 
 
 LEE TOWNSHIP. 
 
 {Bradney, Louis Q Mound Station 
 Martha' M. Nokes Died Apr. 3,'80 
 
 f Bush, Richard Mount Sterling 
 
 (. LuciudiaSlagle " 
 
 f Bradnev, G H Mound Station 
 
 I Elizabe'th Nokes j '* " 
 
 J Dunn, Maurice '.. " 
 
 I Man- A. Hair ' " 
 
 J Ebev, George W " 
 
 1 Matilda Miller 
 
 f Flanders H M '■ " 
 
 I Flora Robison ! " " 
 
 J Frank Edward Smith " " 
 
 I Martha J. Moorhead I " " 
 
 f Kerley, King ] " 
 
 i Elizabeth Brown ...Deid 
 
 (.A. J. Pell Mound Station 
 
 (Lee, William 
 
 I Mary Ann Thomas 
 f Lucas, Daniel R... 
 
 \ Sarah A. Keith 
 
 J Lucas, William 
 
 Sect. 
 
 30 
 
 Sect. 
 
 11 
 
 Sect. 
 
 11 
 
 Sect. 
 
 30 
 
 Sect. 
 
 30 
 
 Sect. 
 
 10 
 
 Sect. 
 
 10 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 K 
 
 M 
 
 Sect. 
 
 9 
 
 Sect. 
 
 9 
 
 Mount Pleasant 
 
 H 
 
 it 
 
 Sect. 
 
 17 
 
 S.-ct 
 
 17 
 
 Sect. 
 
 19 
 
 Sect. 
 
 19 
 
 Sect. 
 
 17 
 
 Sect, 
 
 17 
 
 Sect. 
 
 19 
 
 (.Margaret E. Miller Died July 9, '66 
 
 (Long, James F 'Clayton, Ad»i». co-Clayton, Ad»m.c« 
 
 \ Bens Webb Died Aprl4,72 
 
 I Felinda A. Herman Clayton, >i»m« 
 
 ( Mu in ford, Augustus Mound Station 
 
 j Manifold. William N. 
 
 ( Mary J. Davis 
 
 f Murphy, Michael Mount Sterling 
 
 (.Murphy, Mary 
 l Moses, William 
 \ Rhoda Justice. 
 
 Clayton, Ad«m. co. 
 Mound Station 
 
 Sect. 12.. 
 
 Sect. 12. 
 
 Sect. 11'.. 
 
 Sect. 11. 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Late Wife of Louis Q. Bradney.... 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 jWife of Richard Bush 
 
 Farmer and Carpenter. 
 
 Wife of G. H. Badney 
 
 Superintendent of County Farm. 
 
 Wife of Maurice Dunn 
 
 Potter 
 
 Wife of George W. Ebey 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 jWife of H. M. Flanders 
 
 Undertaker 
 
 [Wife of Edward Smith Frank.... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 First Wife of King Ferley 
 
 Present Wife of King Ferley 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Wife of William Lee 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife ofDaniel R. Lucas 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Late Wife of William Lucas 
 
 Proprietor of Steam Mill 
 
 First Wife of James F. Long 
 
 Present Wife of James F. Long... 
 
 Physician and Surgeon 
 
 I Merchant 
 
 iWife of William M. Mumford.... 
 
 Farmer , 
 
 Wife of Michael Murphy 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Wife of William Moses .•„., 
 
 .. Brown Co., Ill 
 
 .Brown Co., Ill 
 
 . Kuskingmn Co., 111... 
 
 .'Morgan Co., Ill 
 
 jAdams Co., Ohio 
 
 . New York 
 
 .Brown Co., Ill 
 
 . Brown Co., Ill 
 
 . Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 .Brown Co., Ill 
 
 . Brown. Co., Ill 
 
 .Pike Co., Ill 
 
 . Davidson Co., N. C... 
 
 .] Butler Co., Pa 
 
 .Sumner Co., Tenn 
 
 .Sumner Co., Tenn 
 
 . Logan Co., Ky 
 
 . K..\van Co., N. C 
 
 . Switzerland Co.,Ind.. 
 
 .Butler Co., Ohio 
 
 'Hardin Co., Ky 
 
 .Brown Co., 
 
 111. 
 III. 
 III. 
 111. 
 111. 
 111. 
 
 Brown Co 
 . Brown Co., 
 . Brown Co., 
 . Adams Co., 
 
 Brown Co., 
 . Newport, Nova Scotia 
 
 JScottCo., Ill 
 
 .Co. Galway, Ireland... 
 
 !Co. Cavan, Ireland... 
 
 Ross Co., Ohio 
 
 Bedford Co., Pa 
 
 1851 
 1855 
 1848 
 1848 
 1N44 
 1845 
 11843 
 !l847 
 '1836 
 1837 
 1859 
 1881 
 1852 
 1859 
 1851 
 1851 
 
 1880 
 1*32 
 1836 
 1885 
 
 1837 
 1846 
 
 1S48 
 
 1855 
 18-54 
 1844 
 1848 
 1849 
 1851 
 1851
 
 HISTORY OF BROWN AND SCHUYLER COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 393 
 
 LEE TOWNSHIP.— CONTINUED. 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 f Manny H. A 
 
 { Mary J. Scrogg'in 
 
 f MeGovern, Michael... 
 
 | Francis Butler 
 
 ( McPhail, Angus 
 
 t Eliza J. McCaskill 
 
 JNokes, S. D 
 
 (Anna J. Dodd 
 
 (New, A. D 
 
 | Cora Wiliiams 
 
 ( Orr, Lewis H 
 
 ^Orr, 1). W 
 
 ( Osborn, Patience H... 
 
 1 Osborn, Lewis 
 Amelia Corwin 
 
 f Patterson, William II. 
 
 ( Mary J. Glaze 
 
 j Raymond, Sidney C... 
 
 j Emily M. Nokea 
 
 j Rioth, Francis 
 
 \ Mary Sullivan 
 
 [ Scroggan, William D.. 
 J Louisa Clendenning... 
 
 1 Scroggan, Isham 
 
 [ Eliza J. Arnold 
 
 Sullivan, E. 
 
 < Sarah A. Smith 
 
 I Marv Nolan 
 
 {Smith, G. F 
 
 | Littie Y. Young 
 
 (Thomas, William 
 
 | Mahnda Lee , 
 
 (Webb, Allen 
 
 \ Emily J. Olive 
 
 I Martha A. Harper 
 
 f Williams, Alexander.. 
 
 | Lydia A. Smith 
 
 j Williams, Peter S 
 
 j Dora Campbell 
 
 j Williams, Stephen 
 
 | Jemima J. Morehead. 
 
 POST OFFICE. 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 Mount Sterling 
 
 u it 
 
 a a 
 
 Mound Station 
 Buckhorn , 
 
 n 
 
 Mound Station, 
 
 RESIDENCE. 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 OCCUPATION. 
 
 DiedFeb.10,'75 
 Mound Station. 
 
 Sect. 12. 
 Sect. 12.. 
 Sect. 10.. 
 Sect. 10.. 
 Sect. 30.. 
 Sect. 30.. 
 Sect. 26.. 
 Sect. 26.. 
 Sect. 2... 
 Sect. 2... 
 Sect. 2... 
 Sect. 2... 
 
 Sect. 4 
 
 Sect. 4 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 Mount Sterling Sect. 26. 
 Sect. 26... 
 Sect. 5.... 
 
 Mound Station. 
 
 Died Apr.23,'77 
 
 Died Sept. 1861 
 
 Mound Station. 
 (l *( 
 
 Died Nov. 7, '76 
 Mound Station. 
 
 DiedSept.16,'53 
 Mound Station. 
 Died May l,'6f 
 Mound Station. 
 
 Sect. 5 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 Mound Station 
 
 Sect. 18. 
 
 Sect. 3 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Wife of H. A. Manny .*.. 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Wife of Michael McGovern 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Angus McPhial 
 
 Farmer and Fruit Grower 
 
 Wife of S. D. Nokes 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 W 7 ifeof A. D. New 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Father of Lewis H. Orr , 
 
 Wife of D. W. Orr 
 
 Minister Missionary Baptist Church. 
 
 Late Wife of Lewis Osborn 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of William H. Patterson 
 
 Dealer in Grain and Produce 
 
 Wife of Sidney C. Raymond 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of Francis Rioth 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 NATIVITY 
 
 Addison Co., Vt 
 Brown Co., 111..., 
 
 Co. Cavan Ireland 
 
 Bertie Co., N. C- 
 
 Scotland 
 
 Sangamon Co., Ill 
 
 Franklin Co , N. Y... 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Hancock Co., Ill 
 
 Sumner, Tenn 
 
 Lebanon, Ohio 
 
 Warren Co., Ohio 
 
 Warren Co., Ohio 11851 
 
 Brown Co., Ill Il853 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 'l857 
 
 Onondago Co., N. Y..J1842 
 
 Franklin Co., Vt ! 1840 
 
 France il849 
 
 Lowell, Mass J1840 
 
 Brown Co., Ill !l842 
 
 Jo Davis Co., 111.. 
 Shelby Co., Kv... 
 Woodford Co., Ky 
 
 WHEJJ 
 
 CAME 
 TO CO. 
 
 1864 
 1843 
 1868 
 1868 
 1840 
 1885 
 1842 
 1837 
 1852 
 1858 
 1874 
 1831 
 1851 
 1851 
 
 ■Sect. 3. 
 Sect. 8., 
 Sect. 8., 
 Sect. 6., 
 Sect. 6., 
 Sect. 8., 
 Sect. 8. 
 
 Late wife of William D. Scroggan. 
 
 Fatherof William D. Scroggan 
 
 Mother of William D. Scroggan 
 
 Blacksmith and Farm Impliments 'Brown Co., Ill 
 
 First Wife of E. O. Sullivan Cedar Rapids Iowa.... 
 
 Present Wife of E. O. Sullivan JBrown Co., Ill 
 
 Dry Goods Clerk 'Bradley Co., Tenn 
 
 Wife of G. F. Smith Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 'Hamilton Co., Ohio.. 
 
 Late Wife of William Thomas Rowan Co., N. C 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Madison Co., Ky 
 
 First Wife of Allen W 7 ebb Madison Co., Ky 
 
 Present Wife of Allen Webb Champaign Co., Ohio. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Clermont Co., Ohio... 
 
 Wife of Alexander Williams I " " "... 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser " " ... 
 
 Wife of Peter S. AVilliams JBrown Co , 111.- 
 
 Farmer Clermont Co., Ohio... 
 
 Wile of Stephen Williams | " " "... 
 
 1840 
 1840 
 1844 
 
 1850 
 1851 
 1864 
 i832 
 1830 
 1851 
 1851 
 1845 
 1856 
 1856 
 1856 
 1855 
 I860 
 1881 
 
 RIPLEY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 j Bowman, Hiram 
 
 | Emma Robins 
 
 (Effort, Frank 
 
 | Casan, McNeil 
 
 ( Friday John Jr 
 
 { Margaret Quails '. 
 
 | Hardin, W. H. H. 
 
 } Margaret A. Burton.... 
 
 JHetrick, N. S 
 
 (Rebecca J. Reddick.... 
 
 Irwin, Harvey 
 
 Margaret Robison 
 
 Keith, Homer H 
 
 Keith, Charles W 
 
 Kankins, Amanda 
 
 f .Martin, A. E 
 
 \ Amanda M. M. O'Neil 
 
 (Stoffer, L. D 
 
 | Mary Elizabeth Clark.. 
 
 (Stoffer, I. E 
 
 1 Lucy Hurd 
 
 Stout, I. N 
 
 Sarah M. Moore 
 
 Stout, John M 
 
 Stout, Charles 
 
 Marv J. Smith 
 
 (Smith, Olie 
 
 < Smith, George 
 
 ( Smith, Martha 
 
 Ripley. 
 
 Ripley. 
 
 JDied.... 
 |Ripley. 
 
 Sect. 32. 
 Ripley... 
 
 Physican and Surgeon • 
 
 Wife of Hiram Bowman 
 
 Dealer in Stone Ware 
 
 Wife of Frank Fffert 
 
 Potter 
 
 Wife of John Friday Jr 
 
 Potter 
 
 Wife of W. H. H. Hardin 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser 
 
 Wife of N. S. Hetrick 
 
 Manufacturer of Stone Ware 
 
 Wife of Harvey Irwin 
 
 Potter , 
 
 Manufacturer of Stone Ware 
 
 Wife of Charles W. Keith 
 
 Merchant and Post Master 
 
 Wife of A. E. Martin 
 
 Merchant and Manufacturer of Stone Ware. 
 
 Wife of L. D. Stofler 
 
 Manufacturer of Stone Ware 
 
 Wife of I. E. Stoffer 
 
 General Merchandising 
 
 Wife of I. N. Stout 
 
 Deaf Mute Artist 
 
 Father of John M. Stout 
 
 Mother of John M. Stout 
 
 Farming and Stock Raising 
 
 Fatherof Olie Smith 
 
 Mother of Olie Smith 
 
 Venango Co., Pa.... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Bavaria, Germany.. 
 Terre Haute, Ind.... 
 
 Stark Co., Ohio 
 
 Blue Springs, Tenn. 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Fulton Co., Ill 
 
 Crawford Co., Pa.... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Clermont Co., Ohio., 
 Jefferson Co., Ind..., 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Harrison Co., Ind.... 
 
 Floyd Co., Ind 
 
 Stark Co., Ohio 
 
 Brown Co., 111......... 
 
 Summit Co., Ohio.... 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Summit Co., Ohio.... 
 Portage Co., Ohio.... 
 
 BrownCo., Ill 
 
 Adams Co., Ill 
 
 Madison Co., Ill 
 
 Richland Co., Ohio.. 
 
 Green Co., Ill 
 
 Brown Co., Ill 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 1869 
 1840 
 1856 
 
 1856 
 1863 
 1836 
 1838 
 1847 
 1832 
 1844 
 1850 
 1859 
 1849 
 1849 
 1852 
 1837 
 1847 
 1841 
 1847 
 1851 
 1855 
 1854 
 1865 
 1853 
 1856 
 1849 
 1836 
 1834
 
 894 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 ZLKHORN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 I Brown, John Versailles 
 
 X Martha Herl 
 
 f Baker, Noah W 
 
 I Margaret Greenleaf. 
 
 f Hanks, L. J 
 
 1 Mary Brown 
 
 J Hanks, Jacob M 
 
 I Martha Behymer 
 
 fHill, J. W 
 
 \ Anna Riley 
 
 f Ingram, S. F 
 
 I Louisa Fagan 
 
 (Mills, Franklin, Sr 
 
 I Mary Gilbreth 
 
 I Mehl, Andrew 
 
 I Elizabeth Schaub 
 
 J McCoy, George 
 
 I Hulda Riggs 
 
 {Nighswonger, W. H 
 Fannie V. Kingston 
 
 f Newenhaui, Sylvester Hersman Sect 
 
 I Alma Lisenbee " Sect. 
 
 f Ritter, Henry D Versailles ISect 
 
 \ Lucinda E. Hall. " |Sect 
 
 iRusk, C. R Perry Sect. 
 
 I Martha L. Leitner " Sect. 
 
 fSwihart, Richard Versailles. Sect. 
 Anna Hulett " jSect. 
 
 .1 Thompson, William " Sect. 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect- 
 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 'Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 Sect. 
 iSect. 
 Sect. 
 
 25 Farmer and Stock Raiser Prussia 
 
 25 Wife of John Brown Brown Co., 111.. 
 
 22 Farmer and Stock Raiser Ohio 
 
 22 Wife of Noah W. Brown Illinois 
 
 26 Farmer and Stock Raiser " 
 
 26.... 
 26.... 
 26.... 
 20.... 
 20.... 
 35.... 
 
 18.54 
 
 ( Maria Varner, 
 
 f Vandeventer, Isaac | " 
 
 I Belle Walker ! " 
 
 ( Willey, Wateman ' " 
 
 < Sarah Nighswonger Died Oct. — ,'78 
 
 (Lucy Jane Nighswonger... Versailles Sect. 
 
 f Zimmerman, George YV...J " |Sect. 
 
 "(.Elizabeth Winters " Sect. 
 
 .. Wife of L. J. Hanks j " 
 
 .. Farmer and Stock Raiser ! " 
 
 .. Wife of Jacob M. Hanks * " 
 
 ..Farmer and Stock Raiser North Carolina.... 
 
 .. Wife of J. W. Hill " " .... 
 
 ..Farmer and Stock Raiser Illinois 
 
 35 Wife of S. F. Ingram " 
 
 34 Farmer and Stock Raiser iConnecticut 
 
 34 Wife of Franklin Mills Ohio 
 
 32. Farmer and Stock Raiser Alsace, Germany.. 
 
 32 (Wife of Andrew Mehl Bavaria. 
 
 11 Farmer and Stock Raiser. Illinois 
 
 11 Wife of George McCoy... [Brown Co, 111 
 
 25 Farmer and Stock Raiser " " 
 
 25 Wife of W. H. Nighswonger Hancock Co., 111... 
 
 7 Farmer and Stock Raiser Illinois 
 
 7 Wife of Sylvester Newenham | " 
 
 23 Farmer and Stcck Raiser Hesse Caesel, Ger., 
 
 23. Wife of Henry D. Ritter (Virginia 
 
 34 .'Farmer and Stock Raiser Illinois 
 
 34 Wife of C. R. Rusk Ohio 
 
 25 IFarmer and Stock Raiser Pennsylvania 
 
 25 1 Wife of Richard Swihart Kentucky 
 
 27 Farmer and Stock Raiser Ohio 
 
 27 jWifeof William Thompson Pike Co., Ill 
 
 25 Farmer and Stock Raiser Brown Co., Ill 
 
 25, Wife of Isaac Vandeventer Missouri 
 
 26.. 
 
 26.. 
 
 28.. 
 28.. 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Ohio. 
 
 . First Wife of Wateman Willey Brown Co., 111. 
 
 Present Wife of Wateman Willey i " " ., 
 
 Farmer and Stock Raiser Illinois 
 
 Wife of George AV. Zimmerman " 
 
 .1840 
 
 .. 1847 
 ..1868 
 
 '.'. 1857 
 ..1866 
 .1866 
 .1866 
 . 1857 
 .1848 
 .1856 
 .1860 
 . 1866 
 .1866 
 . 1*39 
 .1843 
 .1842 
 .1870 
 .1854 
 .1855 
 .1854 
 .1854 
 .1852 
 .1853 
 .1846 
 .1857 
 J1848 
 .1875 
 .1850 
 .1862 
 .11858 
 .1837 
 . 1844
 
 CONSTITUTION OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 Adopted in Convention at Springfield, May 13, a. d. 1870; Eatified by the People July 2, 1870; in 
 Force, August 8, 1870 ; and Amendments thereto, with the Hates of Ratification. 
 
 PREAMBLE. 
 
 We, the people of the State of Illinois — grateful to Almighty 
 God for the civil, political and religious liberty which He hath so 
 long permitted us to enjoy, and looking to Him for a blessing 
 upon our endeavors to secure and transmit the same unimpaired 
 to succeeding generations — in order to form a more perfect gov- 
 ernment, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide 
 for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure 
 the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity ; do ordain 
 and establish this constitution for the State of Illinois. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 BOUNDARIES. 
 
 The boundaries and jurisdiction of the State shall he as fol- 
 lows, to wit : Beginning at the mouth of the Wabash river ; 
 thence up the same, and with the line of Indiana, to the north- 
 west corner of said State ; thence east, with the line of the same 
 State, to the middle of Lake Michigan ; thence north, along the 
 middle of said lake, to north latitude 42 degrees and 30 minutes ; 
 thence west to the middle of the Mississippi river, and thence 
 down along the middle of that river to its confluence with the 
 Ohio river, and thence up the latter river, along its northwestern 
 shore, to the place of beginning : Provided, that this State shall 
 exercise such jurisdiction upon the Ohio river as she is now 
 entitled to, or such as may hereafter be agreed upon by this 
 State and the State of Kentucky. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 BILL OF EIGHTS. 
 
 8 3 
 i 4 
 
 \l 
 
 8 7. 
 
 8 9 
 
 1. Inherent and Inalienable Rights. 
 B. Dae Process of Law. 
 
 Liberty!' Coii-ri. nee Guaranteed. 
 
 freedom <>f the P ress Libel. 
 
 Right of Trial by Jury. 
 
 Unreasonable Searches and Seiz- 
 ures. 
 
 Bail allowed— Writ of Habeas Cor- 
 pus. 
 
 Indictment required— Grand Jury 
 Abolished. 
 
 Rights of Persona Ace used of 
 Crime. 
 
 1 10. Self-C imination— Former Trial. 
 
 i 11. Penalties proportionate— Corrup- 
 tion — Forfeiture. 
 
 \ 12. Imprisonment for Debt. 
 
 j 1 1. Compensation for Properly taken. 
 
 i> 14. Bx post facto laws— Irrevocable 
 Grants. 
 
 \ IS. Military Power Sulxirdinate. 
 
 * in. Quartering of Soldiers. 
 
 i 17. Right of Assembly and Petition. 
 2 is. Elections t<> he Free and Kqual. 
 i ]•'. What Laws ought to I.e. 
 
 * SO, Fundamental Principles. 
 
 1 I. All men are by nature free and independent, and have 
 certain inherent and inalienable rights — among these are life, 
 liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. To secure these rights 
 and the protection of property, governments are instituted among 
 men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the gov- 
 erned. 
 
 2 2. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property, 
 without due process of law. 
 
 | 3. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession 
 and worship, without discrimination, shall forever be guaranteed ; 
 and no person shall be denied any civil or political right, privi- 
 lege or capacity, on account of his religious opinions; but the 
 liberty of conscience hereby secured shall not be construed to 
 dispense with oaths or affirmations, excuse acts of licentiousness, 
 or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of the 
 State. No person shall be required to attend or support any min- 
 istry or place of worship against his consent, nor shall any pref- 
 erence be given by law to any religious denomination or mode of 
 worship. 
 
 i 4. Every person may freely speak, write and publish on all 
 subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty; and in 
 all trials for libel, both civil and criminal, the truth, when pub- 
 lished with good motives and for justifiable ends, shall be a suffi- 
 cient defense. 
 
 I 5. The right of trial by jury as heretofore enjoyed shall re- 
 main inviolate; but the trial of civil cases before justices of the 
 peace by a jury of less than twelve men, may be authorized by law. 
 \ 6. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, 
 houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and 
 seizures, shall not be violated ; and no warrant shall issue with- 
 out probable cause, supported by affidavit, particularly describ- 
 ing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be 
 seized. 
 
 \ 7. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, except 
 for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or the presump- 
 tion great ; and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall 
 not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion 
 the public safety may require it. 
 
 $ 8. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense, 
 unless on indictment of a grand jury, except in cases in which 
 the punishment is by fine, or imprisonment otherwise than in the 
 penitentiary, in cases of impeachment, and 7 in cases arising in the 
 army and navy, or in the militia when in actual service in time 
 of war or public danger : Provided, that the grand jury may be 
 abolished by law in all cases. 
 
 § 9. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall have the 
 right to appear and defend in person and by counsel ; to demand 
 the nature and cause of the accusation, and to have a copy there- 
 of; to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have process to 
 compel the attendance of witnesses in his behalf, and a speedy 
 public trial by an impartial jury of the county or district in which 
 the offense is alleged to have been committed. 
 
 \ 10. No person shall be compelled in any criminal case to give 
 evidence against himself, or be twice put in jeopardy for the same 
 offense. 
 
 k 11. All penalties shall be proportioned to the nature of the 
 offense ; and no conviction shall work corruption of blood or for- 
 feiture of estate; nor shall any person be transported out of the 
 State for any offense committed within the same. 
 
 \ 12. No person shall be imprisoned for debt, unless upon re- 
 fusal to deliver up his estate for the benefit of his creditors, in 
 such manner as shall be prescribed by law ; or in cases where 
 there is strong presumption of fraud. 
 
 | 13. Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public 
 use without just compensation. Such compensation, when not 
 made by the State, shall be ascertained by a jury, as shall be pre- 
 scribed by law. The fee of land taken for railroad tracks, with- 
 out consent of the owners thereof, shall remain in such owners, 
 subject to the use for which it is taken. 
 
 \ 14. No ex pod J'atio law, or law impairing the obligation of 
 contracts, m making any irrevocable grant of special privileges or 
 immunities, shall he passed. 
 
 | 15. The military shall be in strict subordination to the civil 
 power. 
 
 \ 16. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any 
 house without the consent of the owner ; nor in time of war ex- 
 cept in the manner prescribed by law. 
 
 | 17. The people have the right to assemble in a peaceable 
 manner to consult for the common good, to make known their 
 opinions to their representatives, and to apply for redress of griev- 
 ances. 
 
 \ 18. All elections shall he free and equal. 
 | 19. Every person ought to find a certain remedy in the laws 
 for all injuries and wrongs which he may receive in his person, 
 property or reputation ; he ought to obtain, by law, right and 
 justice freely, and without beingobliged to purchase incompletely 
 and without denial, promptly and without delay. 
 
 395
 
 396 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 | 20. A frequent occurrence to the fundamental principles of 
 civil government is absolutely necessary to preserve the blessings 
 of liberty. 
 
 ARTICLE IIL 
 
 DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. 
 
 The powers of the Government of this State are divided into 
 three distinct departments — the Legislative, Executive and Ju- 
 dicial; and no person, or collection of persons, being one of these 
 departments, shall exercise any power properly belonging to 
 either of the others, except as hereinafter expressly directed or 
 permitted. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 I 13. 
 
 lis. 
 
 I IK. 
 
 In. 
 
 General Assembly elective. 
 
 Time of Election — Vacancies. 
 
 Who are Eligible. 
 
 I>isqiia!ification by Crime. 
 
 Oath taken by member*. 
 
 Senat -rial Apportionments. 
 
 & 8. Minority Representation. 
 
 Time of meeting— General Rules. 
 
 Secretary— Adjournment —Journ- 
 als, Protests. 
 
 Style of Laws. 
 
 Origin and passage of Bills. 
 
 Reading— Printing-Title— Amend- 
 ments. 
 
 Privileges of members. 
 
 llisabilities of members. 
 
 Bills making Appropriations. 
 
 I'ayniciit of money — Statement 
 of Expenses. 
 
 1 18. Ordinary Expenses— Casual Defi- 
 
 cits—Appropriations limited. 
 
 2 19. Extra Compensation XHC Allowance. 
 \ 20. Public Creak not loaned. 
 
 : 21. Pay and mileage of members, 
 jj 22. 8peeial Legislation prohibited. 
 '6 2:1. Against Relea e from Liability. 
 \ 24. Proceedings on Impeachment. 
 ^ 25. Fuel, Stationery, and Printing. 
 \ 2(>. State not to beVll-d. 
 i: 27 Lottery and Gift Enterprises, 
 js 28. Terms of Office not Extended. 
 'i 2<t. Protection of operative miners. 
 i 30. Concerning Roads— public and pri- 
 
 vat . 
 §31. Draining and Ditching. 
 \ 32. Homestead and Exemption Laws. 
 \ 33. Completion of the State House. 
 
 \ 1. The legislative power shall be vested in a General As- 
 sembly, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre- 
 sentatives, both to be elected by the people. 
 
 'election. 
 
 \ 2. An election for members of the General Assembly shall 
 be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, 
 in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy, 
 and every two years thereafter, in each county, at such places 
 therein as may be provided by law. When vacancies occur in 
 either house, the governor, or person exercising the powers of 
 governor, shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 
 
 ELIGIBILITY AND OATH. 
 
 | 3. No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained 
 the age of twenty-five years, or a representative who shall not 
 have attained the age of twenty-one years. No person shall be 
 a senator or a representative who shall not be a citizen of the 
 United States, and who shall not have been for five years a resi- 
 dent of this State, and for two years next preceding his election 
 a resident within the territory forming the district from which he 
 is elected. No judge or clerk of any court, secretary of state, 
 attorney general, state's attorney, recorder, sheriff, or collector of 
 
 Eublic revenue, member of either house of congress, or person 
 olding any lucrative office under the United States or this State, 
 or any foreign government, shall have a seat in the general as- 
 sembly : Provided, that appointments in the militia, and the offi- 
 ces of notary public and justice of the peace, shall not be con- 
 sidered lucrative. Nor shall any person, holding any office of 
 honor or profit under any foreign government, or under the gov- 
 ernment of the United States, (except postmasters whose annual 
 compensation does not exceed the sum of $300,) hold any office 
 of honor or profit under the authority of this State. 
 
 $ 4. No person who has been, or hereafter shall be, convicted 
 of bribery, perjury or other infamous crime, nor any person who 
 has been or may be a collector or holder of public moneys, who 
 shall not have accounted for and paid over, according to law, all 
 such moneys due from him, shall be eligible to the general as- 
 sembly, or to any office of profit or trust in this State. 
 
 {! H. Members of the general assembly, before they enter upon 
 their official duties, shall take and subscribe the foilowing oath 
 or affirmation : 
 
 "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the constitution of the 
 United States, and the constitution of the State of Illinois, and will faithfully 
 discharge the duties of senator (or representative) according to t e best of my 
 ability: and that I have not, knowingly or intentionally, paid or contributed 
 anything, or made any promise in the nature of a bribe, to directly or Indi- 
 rectly influence any vote at the election at which I was chosen to fill the paid 
 office, and have not ROo*pted. ttor .ill I secept or receive, directly or indirect- 
 ly, any money or other valuable thing, from anv corporation, company or per- 
 son, for any vote or influence I may give or withhold on any bill, resolution or 
 appropriation, or for any other official act." 
 
 This oath shall be administered by a judge of the supreme or 
 circuit court, in the hall of the house to which the member is 
 elected, and the secretary of state shall record and file the oath 
 subscribed by each member. Any member who shall refuse to 
 to take the oath herein prescribed, shall forfeit his office, and 
 every member who shall be convicted of hiving sworn falsely to, 
 or of violating, his saitl oath, shall forfeit his office, and be dis- 
 qualified thereafter from holding any office of profit or trust in 
 this State. 
 
 APPORTIONMENT — SENATORIAL. 
 
 \ 6. The general assembly shall apportion the State every ten 
 years, beginning with the year 1871, by dividing the population 
 of the S.ite, as ascertained by the federal census, by the number 
 51, and the quotient shall be the ratio of representation in the 
 senate. The State shall be divided into 51 senatorial districts, 
 each of which shall elect one senator, whose term of office shall 
 be four years. The senators elected in the year of our Lord 1872, 
 in districts bearing odd numbers, shall vacate their offices at the 
 end of two years, and those elected in districts bearing even num- 
 bers, at the end of four years; and vacancies occurring by the 
 expiration of term, shall be filled by the election of senators for 
 the full term. Senatorial districts shall be formed of contiguous 
 and compact territory, bounded by county lines, and contain as 
 nearly as practicable an equal number of inhabitants; but no 
 district shall contain less than four-fifths of the senatorial ratjo. 
 Counties containing not less than the ratio and three-fourths, 
 may be divided into separate districts, and shall be entitled to 
 two senators, and to one additional senator for each number of 
 inhabitants equal to the ratio, contained by such counties in ex- 
 cess of twice the number of said ratio. 
 
 Note— By the adaption of minority repr*«entatio ■», 2? 7 and 8 of this article 
 cease to be a part of the cons itution. Under 2 12 of die schedule, and the vote 
 of adoption, the following section relating to minority representation is substi- 
 tuted for said sections : 
 
 MINORITY REPE3ENTATION. 
 
 II 7 and 8. The house of representatives shall consist of three 
 times the number of the members of the senate, and the term of 
 office shall be two years. Three representatives shall be elected 
 in each senatorial district at the general election in the year of 
 our Lord, 1872, and every two years thereafter. In all elections 
 of representatives aforesaid, each qualified voter may cast as 
 many votes for one candidate as there are representatives to be 
 elected, or may distribute the same, or equal parts thereof, among 
 the candidates, as he shall see fit; and the candidates highest in 
 votes shall be declared elected. 
 
 TIME OF MEETING AND GENERAL RULES. 
 
 \ 9. The sessions of the general assembly shall commence at 
 12 o'clock, noon, on the Wednesday next after the first Monday 
 in January, in the year next ensuing the election of members 
 thereof, and at no other time, unless as provided by this cons.'i- 
 tution. A majority of the members elected to each house shall 
 constitute a quorum. Each house shall determine the rules of 
 its proceedings, and be the judge of the election returns and 
 qualifications of its members; shall choose its own officers; and 
 the senate shall choose a temporary president to preside when 
 the lieutenant-governor shall not attend as president or shall act 
 as governor. The secretary of state shall call the house of repre- 
 sentatives to order at the opening of each new assembly, and 
 preside over it until a temporary presiding officer thereof shall 
 have been chosen and shall have taken his seat. No member 
 shall be expelled by either house, except by a vote of two-thirds 
 of all the members elected to that house, and no member shall 
 be twice expelled for the same offence. Each house may punish 
 by imprisonment any person, not a member, who shall be guilty 
 of disrespect to the house by disorderly or contemptuous beha- 
 viour in its presence. But nosuch imprisonment shall extend be- 
 yond two hours at one time, unless the person shall persist in 
 such disorderly or contemptuous behaviour. 
 
 § 10. The doors of each house and of committees of the whole, 
 shall be kept open, except in such cases as, in the opinion of the 
 house, require secrecy. Neither house shall, without the consent 
 of the other, adjourn for more than two days, or to any other 
 place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Each 
 house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, which shall be pub- 
 lished. In the senate at the request of two members, and in the 
 house at the request of five members, the yeas and nays shall be 
 taken on any question, and entered upon the journal. Any two
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 397 
 
 members of either house shall have liberty to dissent from and 
 protest, in respectful language, against any actor resolution which 
 they think injurious to the public or to any individual, and have 
 the reasons of their dissent entered upon the journals. 
 
 STYLE OF LAWS AND PASSAGE OF BILI.8. 
 
 111. The style of the laws of this State shall be : Be it en- 
 acted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the Gen- 
 eral Assembly. 
 
 | 12. Bills may originate in either house, but may be altered, 
 amended or rejected by the other; and on the filial passage of all 
 bills, the vote shall be by yeas and nays, upon each bill sepa- 
 rately, and shall be entered upon the journal ; and no bill shall 
 become a law without the concurrence of a majority of the mem- 
 bers elected to each house. 
 
 $ 13. Every bill shall be read at large on three different days, 
 in each house ; and the bill and all amendments thereto shall be 
 printed before the vote is taken on its final passage; and every 
 bill, having passed both houses, shall be signed by the speakers 
 thereof. No act hereafter passed shall embrace more than one 
 subject, and that shall be expressed in the title, lint if any sub- 
 ject shall be embraced in an act which shall not be expressed in 
 the title, such act shall be void only as to so much thereof as 
 shall not be 80 expressed ; and no law shall be revived or amended 
 by reference to its title only, but the law revived, or the section 
 amended, shall be inserted at length in the new act. And no act 
 of the general assembly shall take effect until the first day of 
 July next after its passage, unless, in case of emergency, (which 
 emergency shall be expressed in the preamble or body of the act l, 
 the general assembly shall, by a vote of two-thirds of all the 
 members elected to each house, otherwise direct. 
 
 PRIVILEGES AND DISABILITIES. 
 
 \ 1 1. Senators and representatives shall, in all cases, except 
 treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest 
 during the session of the general assembly, and in going to and 
 returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either 
 house, they shall not be questioned in any other place. 
 
 <S 15 No person elected to the general assembly shall receive 
 any civil appointment within this State from the governor, the 
 governor and senate, or from the general assembly, during the 
 term for which he shall have been elected ; and all such appoint- 
 ments, and all votes given for any such members for any such 
 offices or appointment, shall be void ; nor shall any member of 
 the general assembly be interested, either directly or indirectly, 
 in any contract with the state, or any county thereof, authorized 
 by any law passed during the term for which he shall have been 
 elected, or within one year after the expiration thereof. 
 
 PUBLIC MONEYS AND APPROPRIATIONS. 
 
 S 16. The general assembly shall make no appropriation of 
 money out of the treasury in any private law. Bills making ap- 
 propriations for the pay of members and officers of the general 
 assembly, and for the salaries of the officers of the government, 
 shall contain no provisions on any other subject. 
 
 | 17. No money shall be drawn from the treasury except in 
 pursuance of an appropriation made by law, and on the presenta- 
 tion of a warrant issued by the auditor thereon ; and no money 
 shall be diverted from any appropriation made for any purpose, 
 or taken from any fund whatever, either by joint or separate 
 resolution. The auditor shall, within 00 days after the adjourn 
 ment of each session of the general assembly, prepare and pub- 
 lish a full statement of all money expended at such session, spe- 
 cifying the amount of each item, and to whom and for what 
 paid. 
 
 \ 18. Each general assembly shall provide for all the appropriations 
 necessary for the ordinary and contingent expenses of the govern- 
 ment until the expiration of the first fiscal quarter after the adjourn- 
 ment of the next regular session, the aggregate amount of which 
 shall not be increased without a vote of two-thirds of the mem- 
 bers elected to each house, nor exceed the amount of revenue au- 
 thorized by law to be raised in such time ; and all appropriations, 
 general or special, requiring money to be paid out of the State 
 Treasury, from funds belonging to the State, shall end with such 
 fiscal quarter : Provided, the State may, to meet casual deficits or 
 failures in revenue, contract debts, never to exceed in the aggre- 
 gate $250,000 ; and moneys thus borrowed shall be applied to 
 the purpose for which they were obtained, or to pay the debt thus 
 created, and to no other purpose ; and no other debt, except for 
 
 the purpose of repelling invasion, suppressing insurrection, or 
 defending the State in war, (for payment- or which the faith of 
 the State shall be pledged), shall be contracted, unless the law 
 authorizing the same shall, at a general election, have been sub- 
 mitted to the people, and have received a majority of the votes 
 cast for members of the general assembly at such election. The 
 general assembly shall provide for the publication of said law for 
 three months, at least, before the vote of the people shall be 
 taken upon the same ; and provision shall be made, at the time, 
 for the payment of the interest annually, as it shall accrue, by a 
 tax levied for the purpose, or from other sources of revenue; 
 which law, providing for the payment of such interest by such 
 tax, shall be irrepealable until such debt be paid : And provided 
 further, that the law levying the tax shall be submitted to the 
 people with the law authorizing the debt to be contracted. 
 
 ? 19. The general assembly shall never grant or authorize extra 
 compensation, fee or allowance to any public officer, agent, serv- 
 ant or contractor, after service has been rendered or a contract 
 made, nor authorize the payment of any claim, or part thereof, 
 hereafter created against the State under any agreement or con- 
 tract made without express authority of law : and all such un- 
 authorized agreements or contracts shall be null and void : Pro- 
 vided, the general assembly may make appropriations for expendi- 
 tures incurred in suppressing insurrection or repelling invasion. 
 
 g 20. The State shall never pay, assume or become responsible 
 for the debts or liabilities of, or in any manner give, loan or ex- 
 tend its credit to, or in aid of any public or other corporation, 
 association or individual. 
 
 PAY OF MEMBERS. 
 
 I 21. The members of the general assembly shall receive for 
 their services the sum of $8 per day, during the first session held 
 under this constitution, and 10 cents for each mile necessarily 
 traveled in going to and returning from the seat of government, 
 to be computed by the auditor of public accounts ; and thereafter 
 such compensation as shall be prescribed by law, and no other 
 allowance or emolument, directly or indirectly, for any purpose 
 whatever; except $50 per session to each member, which shall 
 be in full for postage, stationery, newspapers, and all other inci- 
 dental expenses and perquisites ; but no change shall be made 
 in the compensation of members of the genera! assembly during 
 the term for which they may have been elected. The pay and 
 mileage allowed to each member of the general assembly shall 
 be certified by the speaker of their respective houses, and entered 
 on the journals and published at the close of each session. 
 
 SPECIAL LEGISLATION PROHIBITED. 
 
 I 22. The general assembly shall not pass local or special laws 
 in any of the following enumerated cases, that is to say : for — 
 
 Granting divorces ; 
 
 Changing the names of persons or places ; 
 
 Laying out, opening, altering, and working roads or highways ; 
 
 Vacating roads, town plats, streets, alleys and public grounds ; 
 
 Locating or changing county seats ; 
 
 Regulating county and township affairs ; 
 
 Regulating the practice in courts of justice ; 
 
 Regulating the jurisdiction and duties of justices of the peace, 
 police magistrates, and constables ; 
 
 Providing for change of venue in civil and criminal cases: 
 
 Incorporating cities, towns, or villages, or changing or amend- 
 ing the charter of any town, city or village ; 
 
 Providing for the election of members of the board of super- 
 visors in township's incorporated towns or cities ; 
 
 Summoning and empaneling grand or petit juries; 
 
 Providing for the management of common schools; 
 
 Regulating the rate of interest on money ; 
 
 The opening and conducting of any election, or designating 
 the place of voting ; 
 
 The sale or mortgage of real estate belonging to minors or 
 others under disability ; 
 
 The protection of game or fish; 
 
 Chartering or licensing ferries or toll bridges ; 
 
 Remitting fines, penalties or forfeitures ; 
 
 Creating, increasing, or decreasing fees, percentage or allow 
 ances of public officers, during the term for which said officers 
 are elected or appointed ; 
 
 Changing the law of descent ; 
 
 Granting to any corporation, association or individual the right 
 to lay down railroad tracks, or amending existing charters for 
 such purpose ;
 
 398 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 Granting to any corporation, association or individual any spe- 
 cial or exclusive privilege, immunity or franchise whatever ; 
 
 In all other cases where a general law can be made applicable, 
 no special law shall be enacted ; 
 
 ■^ 23. The general assembly shall have no power to release or 
 extinguish, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liability, or ob- 
 ligation of any corporation or individual to this State or to any 
 municipal corporation therein. 
 
 IMPEACHMENT. 
 
 \ 24. The house of representatives shall have the sole power of 
 impeachment; but a majority Of all the members elected must 
 concur therein. All impeachments shall be tried by the senate ; 
 and when sitting for that purpose, the senators shall be upon 
 oath, or affirmation, to do justice according to law and evidence. 
 "When the governor of the State is tried, the chief justice shall 
 preside. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of 
 two-thirds of the senators elected. But judgment, in such cases, 
 shall not extend further than removal from office, and disqualifi- 
 cation to hold any office of honor profit or trust under the gov- 
 ernment of this State. The party, whether convicted or acquit- 
 ted, shall nevertheless, be liable to prosecution, trial, judgment 
 and punishment according to law. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 I 25. The general assembly shall provide, by law, that the fuel, 
 stationery and printing-paper furnished for the use of the State ; 
 the copying, printing, binding and distributing the laws and 
 journals, and all other printing ordered by the general assembly, 
 shall be let by contract to the lowest responsible bidder; but the 
 general assembly shall fix a maximum price; and no member 
 thereof or other officer of the State, shall be interested, directly 
 or indirectly, in such contract. But all such contracts shall be 
 subject to the approval of the governor, and if he disapproves 
 the same there shall be a re-letting of the contract, in such man- 
 ner as shall be prescribed by law. 
 
 I 26. The State of Illinois shall never be made defendant in 
 any court or law of equity. 
 
 | 27. The general assembly shall have no power to authorize 
 lotteries or gift enterprises, for any purpose, and shall pass laws 
 to prohibit the sale of lottery or gift enterprise tickets in this 
 State. 
 
 § 28. No law shall be passed which shall operate to extend the 
 term of any public officer after his election or appointment. 
 
 \ 29. It shall be the duty of the general assembly to pass such 
 laws as may be necessary for the protection of operative miners, 
 by providing for ventilation, when the same may be required, and 
 the construction of escapement-shafts, or such other appliances 
 as may secure safety in all coal mines, and to provide for the en- 
 forcement of said laws by such penalties and punishments as 
 may be deemed proper. 
 
 \ 30. The general assembly may provide for establishing and 
 opening roads and cart-ways, connected with a public road, for 
 private and public use. 
 
 \ 31. The general assembly may pass laws permitting the own- 
 ers and occupants of lands to construct drains and ditches, for 
 agricultural and sanitary purposes, across the lands of others. 
 
 (S 32. The general assembly shall pass liberal and homestead 
 and exemption laws. 
 
 \ 33. The general assembly shall not appropriate out of the 
 Slate treasury, or expend on account of the newcapitol grounds, 
 an 1 construction, completion and furnishing of the State-bouse, a 
 sum exceeding in the aggregate, $3,500,000, inclusive of all ap- 
 propriations heretofore made, without first submitting the propo- 
 sition for an additional expenditure to the legal voters of the 
 State, at a general election ; nor unless a majority of all the votes 
 at such election shall be for the proposed additional expenditure. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Officers of this Department. 
 Of the State Treasurer. 
 Time of Electing State Officers. 
 Returns— Tic— Contested Election 
 Eligibility for office. 
 Governor— Power and Duty. 
 His n T ii aaa aa anil Statement. 
 Convening the General Assembly. 
 Proroguing the General Assembly. 
 Notntna< inns by the i tovernor. 
 Vaeaneats inay'be filled. 
 Removals by the Governor. 
 Reprieves, Commutations, Pardons 
 
 ? 14. Governor as Commander-in-f'htef. 
 I IS. Impeachment for Misdemeanor. 
 \ 16. Veto of the Governor. 
 4 17. Lieutenant-Governoras Governor. 
 i 18. As President of the Senate. 
 i 19. Vacancy in Governor's Office. 
 I SO. Vacancy in other State Offices. 
 * .'1. Reports of Slate Officers. 
 lit Great Seal of State. 
 .' j:: Fees and Salaries. 
 §24. Definition of 'Office." 
 ? -a. i lath of Civil Officers. 
 
 EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 ? 1. The executive department shall consist of a Governor, 
 Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor of Public Ac- 
 counts, Treasurer, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and At- 
 torney-General, who shall each with the exception of the Treas- 
 urer, hold his office for the term of four years from the second 
 Monday of January next after his election, and until his succes- 
 sor is elected and qualified. They shall, except the Lieutenant 
 Governor, reside at the seat of Government during their term of 
 office, and keep the public records, books and papers there, and 
 shall perform such duties as may be prescribed by law. 
 
 | 2. The Treasurer shall hold his office for the term of two 
 years, and until his successor is elected and qualified ; and shall 
 be ineligible to said office for two years next after the end of the 
 term for which he was elected. He may be required by the Gov- 
 ernor to give reasonable additional security, and in default of so 
 doing his office shall be deemed vacant. 
 
 ELECTION. 
 
 \ 3. An election for Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary 
 of State, Auditor of Public Accounts and Attorney-General, shall 
 be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, 
 in the year of our Lord 1872, and every four years thereafter ; 
 for Superintendent of Public Instruction, on the Tuesday next 
 after the first Monday of November, in the year 1870, and every 
 four years thereafter ; and for Treasurer on the day last above 
 mentioned, and every two years thereafter, at such places and in 
 such manner as may be prescribed by law. 
 
 g 4. The returns of every election for the above named officers 
 shall be sealed up and transmitted, by the returning officers, to 
 the Secretary of State, directed to " The Speaker of the House 
 of Representatives," who shall, immediately after the organiza- 
 tion of the house, and before proceeding to other business, open 
 and publish the same in the presence of a majority of each house 
 of the general assembly, who shall, for that purpose, assemble in 
 the hall of the house of representatives. The person having the 
 highest number of votes for either of the said offices shall be de- 
 clared duly elected ; but if two or more have an equal and the 
 highest number of votes, the general assembly shall, by joint 
 ballot, choose one of such persons for said office. Contested 
 elections for all of said offices shall be determined by both houses 
 of the general assembly, by joint ballot, in such manner as may 
 be prescribed by law. 
 
 ELIGIBILITY. 
 
 $ 5. No person shall be eligible to the office of governor, or 
 lieutenant-governor, who shall not have attained the age of 30 
 years, and been, for five years next preceding his election, a citi- 
 zen of the United States and of this State. Neither the gover- 
 nor, lieutenant-governor, auditor of public accounts, secretary of 
 State, superintendent of public instruction nor attorney general 
 shall be eligible to any other office during the period for which 
 he shall have been elected. 
 
 GOVERNOR. 
 
 J 6. The supreme executive power shall be vested in the gov- 
 ernor, who shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. 
 
 {S 7. The governor shall, at the commencement of each session, 
 ami at the close of his term of office, give to the general assembly 
 information, by message, of the condition of the State, ami shall 
 recommend such measures as he shall deem expedient. He shall 
 account to the general assembly, and accompany his message 
 with a statement of all moneys received and paid out by him 
 from any funds subject to his order, with vouchers, and at the 
 commencement of each regular session, present estimates of the 
 amount of money required to be raised by taxation for all pur- 
 poses. 
 
 g 8. The governor may, on extraordinary occasions, convene 
 the general assembly, by proclamation, stating therein the pur- 
 pose for which they are convened; and the general assembly 
 shall enter upon no business except that for which they were 
 called together. 
 
 I 9. In case of a disagreement between the two houses with 
 respect to the time of adjournment, the governor may, on the 
 same being certified to him, by the house first moving the ad- 
 journment, adjourn the general assembly to such time as he thinks 
 proper, not beyond the first day of the next regular session. 
 
 § 10. The governor shall nominate, and by and with the advice 
 and consent of the senate, (a majority of all the senators elected 
 concurring, by yeas and nays,) appoint all officers whose offices
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 399 
 
 are established by this constitution, or which may be created by 
 law, and whose appointment or election is not otherwise provided 
 for ; and no such officer shall be appointed or elected by the gen- 
 eral assembly. 
 
 I 11. In case of a vacancy, during the recess of the senate, in 
 any office which is not eleetiye, the governor shall make a tem- 
 porary appointment until the next meeting of the senate, when 
 lie shall nominate some person to fill such office ; and any person 
 so nominated, who is confirmed by the senate (a majority of all 
 the senators elected concurring by yeas and nays), shall hold his 
 office during the remainder of the time, and until his successor 
 shall be appointed and qualified. No person, after being rejected 
 by the senate, shall be again nominated for the same office at the 
 same session, unless at the request of the senate, or be appointed 
 to the same office during the recess of the general assembly. 
 
 | 12. The governor shall have power to remove any officer 
 whom he may appoint, in ease of incompetency, neglect of duty, 
 or malfeasance in office ; and he may declare his office vacant, 
 and fill the same as is herein provided in other eases of vacancy. 
 
 \ 13 The governor shall have power to grant reprieves, com- 
 mutations and pardons, after conviction, for all offences, subject 
 to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the 
 manner of applying therefor. 
 
 § 14. The governor shall be commander-in-chief of the mili- 
 tary and naval forces of the State (except when they shall be 
 called into the service of the United States) ; and may call out 
 the same to execute the laws, suppress insurrection, and repel 
 invasion. 
 
 \ 15. The governor, and all civil officers of this State, shall be 
 liable to impeachment for any misdemeanor in office. 
 
 VETO. 
 
 \ 16. Every bill passed by the general assembly shall, before it 
 becomes a law, be presented to the governor. If he approve, he 
 shall sign it, and thereupon it shall become a law ; but if he do 
 not approve, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house 
 in which it shall have originated, which house shall enter the 
 objections at large upon its journal, and proceed to reconsider the 
 bill. If, then, two-thirds of the members elected agree to pass 
 the same, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the 
 other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and if 
 approved by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it 
 shall become a law, notwithstanding the objections of the gover- 
 nor. But in all such cases, the vote of each house shall be de- 
 termined by yeas and nays, to be entered on the journal. Any 
 bill which "shall not be returned by the governor within ten days 
 (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, 
 shall become a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless 
 the general assembly shall, by their adjournment, prevent its re- 
 turn ; in which case it shall be filed, with his objections, in the 
 office of the secretary of State, within ten days after such adjourn- 
 ment, or become a law. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. 
 
 \ 17. In case of death, conviction or impeachment, failure to 
 qualify, resignation, absence from the State, or other disability 
 of the governor, the powers, duties, the emoluments of the office 
 for the residue of the term, or until the disability shall be re- 
 moved, shall devolve upon the lieutenant-governor. 
 
 I 18. The lieutenant-governor shall be president of the senate, 
 and shall vote only when the senate is equally divided. The 
 senate shall choose a president, pro tempore, to preside in case of 
 the absence or impeachment of the lieutenant-governor, or when 
 he shall hold the office of governor. 
 
 \ 19. If there be no lieutenant-governor, or if the lieutenant- 
 governor shall, for any of the causes specified in \ 17 of this 
 article, become incapable of performing the duties of the office, 
 the president of the senate shall act as governor until the vacancy 
 is filled or the disability removed ; and if the president of the 
 senate, for any of the above named causes, shall become incapa- 
 ble of performing the duties of governor, the same shall devolve 
 upon the speaker of the house of representatives. 
 
 OTHER STATE OFFICERS. 
 
 \ 20. If the office of auditor of public accounts, treasurer, sec- 
 retary of State, attorney general, or superintendent of public in- 
 struction shall be vacated by death, resignation or otherwise, it 
 shall be the duty of the governor tofill the same by appointment, 
 and the appointee shall hold his office until his successor shall 
 be elected and qualified in such manner as may be provided by 
 
 law. An account shall be kept by the officers of the executive 
 department, and of all the public institutions of the State, of all 
 moneys received or disbursed by them, severally, from all sources, 
 and for every service performed, and a semi-annual report thereof 
 be made to the governor, under oath ; and any officer who makes 
 a false report shall be guilty of perjury, and punished accordingly. 
 I 21. The officers of the executive department, and of all the 
 public institutions of the State, shall, at least ten days preceding 
 each regular session of the general assembly, severally report to 
 the governor, who shall transmit such reports to the general as- 
 semlily, together with the reports of the judges of the supreme 
 court of the defects in the constitution and laws ; and the gover- 
 nor may at any time require information, in writing, under oath, 
 from the officers of the executive department, and all officers and 
 managers of state institutions, upon any subject relating to the 
 condition, management and expenses of their respective offices. 
 
 THE SEAL OF STATE. 
 
 $ 22. There shall be a seal of the State, which shall be called 
 the "Great seal of the State of Illinois," which shall be kept by 
 the secretary of State, and used by him, officially as directed by 
 law. 
 
 FEES AND SALARIES. 
 
 | 23. The officers named in this article shall receive for their 
 services a salary, to be established by law, which shall not be in- 
 creased or diminished during their official terms, and they shall 
 not after the expiration of the terms of those in office at the 
 adoption of this constitution, receive to their own use any fees* 
 costs, perquisites of office, or other compensation. And all fees 
 that may hereafter be payable by law for any service performed 
 by any officer provided for in this article of the constitution, 
 shall be paid in advance into the State treasury. 
 
 DEFINITION AND OATH OF OFFICE. 
 
 | 24. An office is a public position created by the constitution 
 or law, continuing during the pleasure of the appointing power, 
 or for a fixed time, with a successor elected or appointed. An 
 employment is an agency, for a temporary purpose, which ceases 
 when that purpose is accomplished. 
 
 | 25. All civil officers, except members of the general assembly 
 and such inferior officers as may be by law exempted, shall, be- 
 fore they enter on the duties of their respective offices, take and 
 subscribe the following oath or affirmation : 
 
 I do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the ca«e may be) that I will support the 
 constitution ot the United States, and the Constitution of the State of Illinois, 
 
 and that I will faithfully discharge tue duties of the office of according 
 
 to the best of my ability. 
 
 And no other oath, declaration or test shall be required as a. 
 qualification. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT. 
 
 !). 
 I M. 
 : 11. 
 
 ■■ 12, 
 
 ■ a. 
 
 '. it. 
 
 I 15. 
 : 16. 
 
 > in- 
 
 judicial Powers of Courts. 
 
 Seven Supreme Judges— Four 
 Decide. 
 
 Qualifications of aSupreme Judge 
 
 Terms of the Supreme Court. 
 
 Thro- Grand Divisions — Seven 
 Districts, 
 
 Election of Supreme Judges. 
 
 Salaries of the Supreme Judges. 
 
 Appeals and Writ'* of Error. 
 
 Appointment of Reporter. 
 
 Clerks of the Supreme Court. 
 
 Appellate Courts Authorized. 
 
 Jurisdiction of Circuit Courts. 
 
 Formation of Judicial Circuits. 
 
 Time of holding Circuit Courts. 
 
 circuits containing Four Judges. 
 
 Salaries of the Circuit Judges. 
 
 Qualifications of Judges or Com- 
 missioners ' 
 
 ! 18. County Judges — County Clerks. 
 1 19. Appea'ls from County Courts. 
 : 2d- l'robate Courts Authorised. 
 ! 21. Justices of the Peace and Consta- 
 bles, 
 j 22. State's Attorney in each County. 
 
 ■r.',. Cook County Courts of Record. 
 
 24. Chief Justice — Power of Judges. 
 
 !S. Salaries of the Judges. 
 
 2ii. Criminal Court of Cook County. 
 
 27. Clerks of Cook County Court. 
 ; 28. Justices in Chicago. 
 
 29. Uniformity in the Courts. 
 
 80. Removal of any Judge. 
 ; 81. Judges to make Written Reports. 
 I 32. Terms of Office— Filling Vacan- 
 
 fios. 
 
 1 :13. Process— Prosecutions— Po p u I a- 
 tion. 
 
 2 1. The judicial powers, except as in this article is otherwise 
 provided, shall be vested in one supreme court, circuit courts, 
 county courts, justices of the peace, police magistrates, and in 
 such courts as may be created by law in and for cities and incor- 
 porated towns. 
 
 SUPREME COURT. 
 
 § 2. The supreme court shall consist of seven judges, and shall 
 have original jurisdiction in cases relating to the revenue, in 
 mandamus, and habeas corpus, and appellate jurisdiction in all 
 other cases. One of said judges shall be chief justice ; four shall 
 constitute a quorum, and the concurrence of four shall be neces- 
 sary to every decision.
 
 -111! I 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 \ 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of judge of the 
 supreme court unless be shall be at least thirty years of age, and a 
 citizen of the United States, nor unless he shall have resided in 
 the State five years next preceding his election, and be a resi- 
 dent of the district in which he shall be elected. 
 
 | 4. Terms of the supreme court shall continue to be held in 
 the present Brand divisions at the several places now provided 
 for holding the same ; and until otherwise provided by law, one 
 or more terms of said court shall be held, for the northern 
 division, in the city of Chicago, each year, at such times as said 
 court may appoint, whenever said city or the county of Cook 
 shall provide appropriate room therefor, and the use of a suitable 
 library, without expense to the State. The judicial divisions 
 mav be altered, increased or diminished in number, and the times 
 and places of holding said court may be changed by law. 
 
 \ 5. The present grand divisions shall be preserved, and be 
 denominated Southern, Central and Northern, until otherwise 
 provided by law. The State shall be divided into seven districts 
 for the election of judges, and until otherwise provided by law, 
 they shall be as follows : 
 
 First District. — The counties of St. Clair, Clinton, "Washing- 
 ton, Jefferson, Wayne, Edwards, Wabash, White, Hamilton, 
 Franklin, Perry, Randolph, Monroe, Jackson, Williamson, Saline, 
 Gallatin, Hardin, Pope, Union, Johnson, Alexander, Pulaski and 
 Massac. 
 
 Second District. — The counties of Madison, Bond, Marion, Clay, 
 Richland, Lawrence, Crawford, Jasper, Effingham, Fayette, Mont- 
 gomery, Macoupin, Shelby, Cumberland, Clark, Greene, Jersey, 
 Calhoun and Christian. 
 
 Third District — The counties of Sangamon, Macon, Logan, De 
 Witt, Piatt, Douglas, Champaign, Vermilion, McLean, Living- 
 ston, Ford, Iroquois, Coles, Edgar, Moultrie and Tazewell. 
 
 Fourth District. — The counties of Fulton, McDonough, Han- 
 cock, Schuyler, Brown, Adams, Pike, Mason, Menard, Morgan, 
 Cass and Scott. 
 
 . I-ifth District. — The counties of Knox, Warren, Henderson, 
 Mercer, Henry, Stark, Peoria, Marshall, Putiiam,_Bureau, Lasalle, 
 Grundy and Woodford. 
 
 Sixth District. — The counties of Whiteside, Carroll, Jo Daviess, 
 Stephenson, Winnebago, Boone, McHenry, Kane, Kendall, De 
 Kalb, Lee, Ogle and Rock Island. 
 
 Seventh District. — The counties of Lake, Cook, Will, Kankakee 
 and Du Page. 
 
 The boundaries of the districts may be changed at the session 
 of the general assembly next preceding the election for judges 
 herein, and at no other time ; but whenever such alterations 
 shall be made, the same shall be upon the rule of equality of 
 population, as nearly as county boundaries will allow, and the 
 districts will be composed of contiguous counties, in as nearly 
 compact form as circumstances will permit. The alteration of 
 the districts shall not affect the tenure of an office of any Judge. 
 
 \ 6. At the time of voting on the adoption of this constitution, 
 one judge of the supreme court shall be elected by the electors 
 thereof, in each of said districts numbered two, three, six and 
 seven, who shall hold his office for the term of nine years from 
 the first Monday of June, in the year of our Lord 1870. The 
 term of office of judges of the supreme court, elected after the 
 adoption of this constitution, shall be nine years ; and on the 
 first Monday of June of the year in which the term of any of 
 the judge* in office at the adoption of this constitution, or of the 
 judge then elected, shall expire, and every nine years thereafter, 
 there shall be an election for the successor or successors of such 
 judges, in the respective districts wherein the term of such judges 
 shall expire. The chief justice shall continue to act as such 
 until the expiration of the term for which he was elected, after 
 which the judges shall choose one of their number as chief jus- 
 tice. 
 
 \ 7. From and after the adoption of this constitution, the 
 judges of the supreme court shall each receive a salary of $4,000 
 per annum, payable quarterly, until otherwise provided by law. 
 And after said salaries shall be fixed by law, the salaries of 
 the judges in office shall not be increased or diminished during 
 the terms for which said judges have been elected. 
 
 \ 8. Appeals and writs of error may be taken to the supreme 
 court, held in the grand division in which the case is decided, or, 
 by consent of the parties, to any other grand division. 
 
 I 9. The supreme court shall appoint one reporter of its deci- 
 sions, who shall hold his office for six years/subject to removal by 
 the court. 
 
 I 10. At the time o<" the election for representative in the gen- 
 eral assembly, happu in* next preceding the expiration of the 
 
 terms of office of the present clerks of said court, one clerk of 
 said court for each division shall be elected, whose term of office 
 shall be six years from said election, but who shall not enter upon 
 the duties of his office until the expiration of the term of his 
 predecessor, and every six years thereafter, one clerk of said 
 court for each division shall be elected. 
 
 APPELLATE COURTS. 
 
 I 11. After the year of our Lord 1874, inferior appellate courts 
 of uniform organization and jurisdiction, may be created in dis- 
 tricts formed for that purpose, to which such appeals and writs 
 of error as the general assembly may provide, may be prosecuted 
 from circuit and other courts, and from which appeals and writs 
 of error shall lie to the supreme court, in all criminal cases, and 
 cases in which a franchise, or freehold, or the validity of a stat- 
 ute is involved, and in such other cases as may be provided by 
 law. Such appellate courts shall be held by such number of 
 judges of the circuit courts, and at such times and places, and in 
 such manner, as may be provided by law; but no judge shall sit 
 in review upon cases decided by him ; nor shall said judges re- 
 ceive any additional compensation for such services. 
 
 CIRCUIT COURTS. 
 
 I 12. The circuit courts shall have original jurisdiction of all 
 causes in law and equity, and such appellate jurisdiction as is or 
 may be provided by law, and shall hold two or more terms each 
 year in every county. The terms of office of judges of circuit 
 courts shall be six years. 
 
 I 13. The State, exclusive of the county of Cook and other 
 counties having a population of 100,000, shall be divided into 
 judicial circuits, prior to the expiration of terms of office of the 
 present judges of the circuit courts. Such circuits shall be formed 
 of contiguous counties, in as nearly compact form and as nearly 
 equal as circumstances will permit, having due regard to busi- 
 ness, territory and population, and shall not exceed in number 
 one circuit for every 100,000 of population in the State. One 
 judge shall be elected for each of said circuits by the electors 
 thereof. New circuits may be formed and the boundaries of cir- 
 cuits changed by the general assembly, at its session next pre- 
 ceding the election for circuit judges, but at no other time : Pro- 
 vided, that the circuits may be equalized or changed at the first 
 session of the general assembly, after the adoption of this eon- 
 • stitutiou. The creation, alteration or change of any circuit shall 
 not affect the tenure of office of any judge. Whenever the busi- 
 ness of the circuit court of any one, or of two or more contigu- 
 ous counties, containing a population exceeding 50,000, shall oc- 
 cupy nine months of the year, the general assembly may make 
 of such county, or counties, a separate circuit. Whenever addi- 
 tional circuits" are created, the foregoing limitations shall be ob- 
 served. 
 
 1 14. The general assembly shall. provide for the times of hold- 
 ing courts in each county ; which shall not be changed, except 
 by the general assembly next preceding the general election for 
 judges of said courts ; but additional terms may be provided for 
 in any county. The election for judges of the circuit courts shall 
 be held on the first Monday of June, in the year of our Lord 
 1873, and every six years thereafter. 
 
 | 15. The general assembly may divide the State into judicial 
 circuits of greater population and territory, in lieu of the circuits 
 provided for in section 13 of this article, and provide for the elec- 
 tion therein, severally, by the electors thereof, by general ticket, 
 of not exceeding for judges, who shall hold the circuit courts for 
 which they shall be eleeted, in such manner as may be provided 
 by law. 
 
 g 16. From and after the adoption of this constitution, judges 
 of the circuit courts shall receive a salary of $3,000 per annum, 
 payable quarterly, until otherwise provided by law. And after 
 their salaries shall be fixed by law, they shall not be increased or 
 diminished during the terms for which said judges shall be, re- 
 spectively, elected ; and from and after the adoption of this con- 
 stitution,' no judge of the supreme or circuit court shall receive 
 any other compensation, perquisite or benefit, in any form whatso- 
 ever, nor perform any other than judicial duties to which may 
 belong any emoluments. 
 
 1 17. No person shall be eligible to the office of judge of the 
 circuit or any inferior court, or to membership in the "board of 
 county commissioners," unless he shall be at least 25 years of age, 
 and a citizen of the United States, nor unless he shall have re- 
 sided in this State five years next preceding his election, and be 
 a resident of the circuit, county, city, cities, or incorporated town 
 in which he shall be elected.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 401 
 
 COUNTY COURTS. 
 
 § 18. There shall be elected in aud for each county, one judge 
 and one clerk of the county court, whose terms of office shall be 
 four years. But the general assembly may create districts of two 
 or more contiguous counties, in each of "which shall be elected 
 one judge, who shall take the place of, and exercise the powers 
 and jurisdiction of county judges in such districts. County 
 courts shall be courts of record, and shall have original jurisdic- 
 tion In all matters of probate ; settlement of estates of deceased 
 persons ; appointment of guardians and conservators, and settle- 
 ments of their accounts; in all matters relating to apprentices ; 
 aud in proceedings for the collection of taxes and assessments, 
 and such other jurisdiction as may be provided for by general 
 law. 
 
 i 19. Appeals and writs of error shall be allowed from final 
 determination of county courts, as may be provided by law. 
 
 PROBATE COURTS. 
 I 20. The general assembly may provide for the establishment 
 of a probate court in each county having a population of over 
 50,000, and for the election of a judge thereof, whose term of 
 office shall be the same as that of the county judge, and who 
 shall be elected at the same time and in the same manner. Said 
 courts, when established, shall have original jurisdiction of all 
 probate matters, the settlement of estates of deceased persons, 
 the appointment of guardians aud conservators, and settlement 
 of their accounts ; in all matters relating to apprentices, and in 
 cases of the sales of real estate of deceased persons for the pay- 
 ment of debts. 
 
 JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AND CONSTABLES. 
 
 ? 21. Justices of the peace, police magistrates, and constables 
 shall be elected in and for such districts as are, or may be, pro- 
 vided by law, and the jurisdiction of .such justices of the peace 
 and police magistrates shall be uniform. 
 
 STATE'S ATTORNEYS. 
 
 ? 22. At the election for members of the general assembly in 
 the year of our Lord 1S72, and every four years thereafter, there 
 shall be elected a State's attorney in and for each county, in lieu 
 of the State's attorney now provided by law, wnosetermof office 
 shall be four years. 
 
 COURTS OF COOK COUNTY. 
 
 _ 1 23. The county of Cook shall be one judicial circuit. The 
 circuit court of Cook county shall consist of five judges, until 
 their Dumber shall be increased, as herein provided. The present 
 judge of the recorder's court of the city of Chicago, and the pres- 
 ent judge of the circuit court of Caok county, shall be two of 
 said judges, and shall remain in office for the terms for which 
 they were respectively elected, and until their successors shall 
 be elected and qualified. The superior court of Chicago shall be 
 continued, and called the superior court of Cook county. The 
 general assembly may increase the number of said judges by ad- 
 ding one to either of said courts for every additional 50,000 in- 
 habitants in said county, over and above a population of 400,000. 
 The terms of office of the ju lges of said courts hereafter elected, 
 shall be six years. 
 
 I 24. The judge having the shortest unexpired term shall be 
 chief justice of the court of which he is judge. In case there 
 are two or more whose terms expire at the same time, it may be 
 determined by lot which shall be chief justice. Any judge of 
 either of said courts shall have all the powers of a circuit judge, 
 and may hold the court of which he is a member. Each of them 
 may holds different branch thereof at the same time. 
 
 I 2). The juJges of the superior and circuit courts, and the 
 State's attorney, in said county, shall receive the same salaries, 
 payable out of the State treasury, as is or may be paid from said 
 treasury to the circuit judges and State's attorneys of the State, 
 and such further compensation, to be paid by the county of Cook, 
 a- is or may be provided by law ; such compensation shall not 
 be changed during their continuance in office. 
 
 f) 25. The recorder's court of the city of Chicago shall be con- 
 tinued, and shall be called the "criminal court of Cook county." 
 It shall have the jurisdiction of a circuit court, in all cases of 
 criminal and quasi criminal nature, arising in tlie county of Cook, 
 or. that may be brought before said court pursuant to law ; and 
 all recognizances and appeals taken in said county, in criminal and 
 quasi criminal cases shall be returnable and taken to said court. ' 
 It shall have no jurisdiction in civil cases, except in those on 
 behalf of the people, and incident to such criminal or quasi crim- 
 inal matters, and to dispose of unfinished buiincsi. The terms 
 51 
 
 of said criminal court of Cook county shall be held by one or 
 more or the judges of the circuit or superior court of Cook 
 county, as nearly is may be in alternation, as may be determined 
 by slid judges, or provided by law. Said judges shall be c.v- 
 officio judges of said court. 
 
 I 27. The present clerk of the recorder's court of the city of 
 Chicago, shall be the clerk of the criminal court of Cook county, 
 during the term for which he was elected. The present clerks of 
 the superior court of Chicago, and the present clerk of the circuit 
 court of Cook county, shall continue in office during the terms 
 for which they were respectively elected ; and thereafter there 
 shall be but one clerk of the superior court, to be elected by the 
 qualified electors of said county, who shall hold his office for the 
 term of four years, and until his successor is elected and qualified. 
 
 $ 28. All justices of the peace in the city of Chicago shall be 
 appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent 
 of the senate, (but only upon the recommendation of a majority 
 of the judges of the circuit, superior and county courts,) and for 
 such districts as are now or shall hereafter be provided by law. 
 They shall hold their offices for four years, and until their suc- 
 cesssors have been commissioned and qualified, but they may be 
 removed by summary proceedings in the circuit or superior court, 
 for extortion or other malfeasance. Existing justices of the peace 
 aud police magistrates may hold their offices until the expiration 
 of their respective terms. 
 
 GENERAL 'PROVISIONS. 
 
 I 29. All judicial officers shall be commissioned by the gover- 
 nor. All lan 7 s relating to courts shall be general, and of uniform 
 operation ; and the organization, jurisdiction, power, proceedings 
 and practice of all courts, of the same class or grade, so far as 
 regulated by law, and the force and effect of the process, judg- 
 ments and decrees of such courts, severally shall be uniform. 
 
 \ 30. The general assembly may, for cause entered on the 
 journals, upon due notice and opportunity of defense, remove 
 from office any judge, upon concurrence of three-fourths of all 
 the members elected, of each house. All other officers in this 
 article mentioned, shall be removed from office on prosecution 
 an 1 final conviction, for misdemeanor in office. 
 • | 31. All judges of courts of record, inferior to the supreme 
 court, shall, on or before the first day of June, of each year, re- 
 port in writing to the judges of the supreme court, such delects 
 and omissions in the laws as their experience may suggest ; and 
 the judges of the supreme court shall, on or before the first day 
 of January of each year, report in writing to the governor such 
 defe ts aud omissions in the constitution and laws as they may 
 find to exist, together with appropriate forms of bills to cure such 
 defects and omissions in the laws. And the judges of the several 
 circuit courts shall report to the next general assembly the num- 
 ber of days they have held court in tin' several counties compos- 
 ing their respective circuits, the preceding two years. 
 
 | 32. All officers provided for in this article shall hold their 
 offices until their successors shall be qualified, and they shall, re- 
 spectively, reside in the division, circuit, county or district for 
 which they may be elected or appointed. The terms of office of 
 all such officers, where not otherwise prescribed in this article, 
 shall be four years. All officers, where not otherwise provided 
 for in this article, shall perform such duties aud receive such 
 compensation as is or may be provided by law. Vacancies in 
 such elective offices shall be filled by election ; but where the 
 unexpired term does not exceed one year, the vacancy shall be 
 filled by appointment, as follows: Of judges, by the governor; 
 of clerks of courts, by the court to which the office appertains, or 
 by the judge or judges thereof; and of all such other officers, by 
 the board of supervisors or board of county commissioners in 
 the county where the vacancy occurs. 
 
 § 33. All process shall run : In the name of the People of the 
 State of Illinois : and all prosecutions shall be carried on: In 
 the name and by the authority of the People of the State of Illinois; 
 ami conclude: Against the peace and dignity of the same. "Pop- 
 ulation," wherever used in this article, shall lie determined by the 
 next preceding census of this State or of the United States. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 SUFFRAGE. 
 
 1. Who are entitled to Vote. 
 .'. Ail Voting to be by Ballot. 
 8. Privileges of E\< 
 
 1. A l '*ence on Public Business. 
 
 I § 5. Soldier not deemed a Resident. 
 \ 0. Qualifications f >r Offlce. 
 
 i 7. Persons Convicted of Crime. 
 
 J 1. Every person having resided in this State one year, in the
 
 402 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 county 00 days, and in the election district 30 days next preced- 
 ing any election therein, who was an elector in this State on the 
 first day of April, in the year of our Lord 1848,or obtained a 
 certificate of naturalization before any court of record in this 
 State prior to the first day of January, in the year of our Lord 
 1870, or who shall be a male citizen of the United States, above 
 the age of 21 years, shall be entitled to vote at such election. 
 
 } 2. All votes shall be by ballot. 
 
 I 3. Electors shall, in all cases except treason, felony, or breach 
 of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance 
 at elections, and in going to and returning from the same. And 
 no elector shall be obliged to do military duty on the days of 
 election, except in time of war or public danger. 
 
 J 4. No elector shall be deemed to have lost his residence in 
 this State by reason of his absence on business of the United 
 States, or of this State, or in the military or naval services of the 
 United States. 
 
 I 5. No soldier, seaman or marine in the army or navy of the 
 United States shall be deemed a lesident of this State in conse- 
 quence of being stationed therein. 
 
 J 6. No person shall be elected or appointed to any office in 
 this State, civil or military, who is not a citizen of the United 
 States, and who shall not have redded in this State one year 
 next preceding the election or appointment. 
 
 ? 7. The general assembly shall pass laws excluding from the 
 right of suffrage persons convictedof infamous crimes. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 1. Free Schools Established. 
 
 2. Gifts or Grants in aid of Schools. 
 
 3. Public Schools not to be Sectarian. 
 
 \ 4. School Officers not Interested. 
 \ 5 County Superintendent of Schools. 
 
 § 1. The general assembly shall provide a thorough and effi- 
 cient system of free schools, whereby all the children of this 
 State may receive a good common school education. 
 
 \ 2. All lands, moneys or other properties, donated, granted or 
 received for school, college, seminary or university purposes, and 
 the proceeds thereof, shall be faithfully applied to the objects for 
 which such gifts or grants were made. 
 
 | 3. Neither the general assembly nor any county, city, town, 
 township, school district, or other public corporation, shall ever 
 make any appropriation or pay from any public fund whatever, 
 anything in aid of any church of sectarian purpose, or to help 
 support or sustain any school, academy, seminary, college, uni- 
 versity, or other literary or scientific institution, controlled by 
 any church or sectarian demomination whatever; nor shall any 
 grant or donation of land, money, or other personal property ever 
 be made by the State or any such public corporation, to any 
 church, or for any sectarian purpose. 
 
 % 4. No teacher. State, county, township, or district school offi- 
 cer shall be interested in the sale, proceeds or profits of any book, 
 apparatus or furniture, used or to be used, in any school in this 
 State, with which such officer or teacher may be connected, 
 under such penalties as may be provided by the general assembly. 
 
 | 5. There may be a county superintendent of schools in each 
 county, whose qualifications, powers, duties, compensation and 
 time and manner of election, and term of office, shall be pre- 
 scribed by law. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 REVENUE. 
 
 Principles of Trtx-tion Stated, 
 other and further Taxation. 
 Property Exempt from Taxation. 
 Sale of Real Property for Taxes. 
 Right of Redemption tin 
 
 i, 
 
 4 
 
 5. 
 
 fi. Release from Taxation Forbidden, g 12. Limitation on Municipal Indebt 
 
 7. Taxes paid into State Treasury. edaesg. 
 
 g 8. Limitation on County Taxes. 
 t. v. Local Municipal Improvements 
 is 10. Taxation of Municipal Corpora- 
 tions. 
 ? 11. Defaulter not to he Eligible. 
 
 5 ,.i ■ : — :*„.; hm :. ; i r_ 
 
 $ 1. The general assembly shall provide such revenue as may be 
 needful by levying a tax, by valuation, so that every person and 
 corporation shall pay a tax in proportion to the value of his, her 
 or its property — such value to be ascertained by some person or 
 persons, to be elected or appointed in such manner as the general 
 assembly shall direct, and nut otherwise; hut the general assem- 
 bly shall have power to tax peddlers, auctioneers, brokers, hawk- 
 ers, merchants, commission merchants, showmen, jugglers, inn- 
 keepers, grocery keepers liquor dealers, toll bridges, ferries, insur- 
 ance, telegraph and express interests or business, venders of pat- 
 ents, and persons or corporations owning or using franchises and 
 privileges, in such manner as it shall from time to time direct by 
 general law, uniform as to the class upon which it operates. 
 
 \ 2. The specifications of the objects and subjects of taxation 
 shall not deprive the general assembly of the power to require 
 other subjects or objects to be taxed in such a manner as may be 
 consistent with the principles of taxation fixed in this constitu- 
 tion. 
 
 | 3. The properties of this State, counties and other municipal 
 corporations, both real and personal, and such other property as 
 may be used exclusively for agricultural and horticultural socie- 
 ties, for school, religious, cemetery and charitable purposes, may 
 be exempted from taxation ; but such exemption shall be only 
 by general law. In the assessment of real estate encumbered by 
 public easement, any depreciation occasioned by such easement 
 may be deducted in the valuation of such property. 
 
 i 4. The general assembly shall provide, in all cases where it 
 may be necessary to sell real estate for the non-payment of taxes 
 or special assessments for State, county, municipal or other pur- 
 poses, that a return of such unpaid taxes or assessments shall be 
 to some general officer of the county having authority to receive 
 State and county taxes; and there shall be no sale of said prop- 
 erty for any of said taxes or assessments but by said officer, upon 
 the order or judgment of some court of record. 
 
 \ 5. The right of redemption from all sales of real estate for 
 the non-payment of taxes or special assessments of any character 
 whatever, shall exist in favor of owners and persons interested 
 in such real estate, for a period of not less than two years from 
 such sales thereof. And the general assembly shall provide by 
 law for reasonable notice to be given to the owners or parties in- 
 terested, by publication or otherwise, of the fact of the sale of 
 the property for such taxes or assessments, and when the time of 
 redemption shall expire: Ffmded, that occupants shall in all 
 cases be served with personal notice before the time of redemption 
 expires. 
 
 | 6. The general assembly shall have no power to release or 
 discharge any county, city, township, town or district whatever, 
 or the inhabitants thereof or the property therein, from their or 
 its proportionate share of taxes to be levied for State purposes, 
 nor shall commutation for such taxes be authorized in any form 
 whatever. 
 
 | 7. All taxes levied for State purposes shall be paid into the 
 State treasury. 
 
 g 8. C itinty authorities shall never afsess taxes the aggregate 
 of which shall exceed 75 cents. per $100 valuation, except for the 
 payment of indebtedness existing at the adoption of this constitu- 
 tion, unless authorized by a vote of the people of the county. 
 
 ? 9. The general assembly may vest the corporate authorities 
 of cities, towns, villages, with power to make local improvements 
 by special assessment or by special taxation of contiguous prop- 
 erty or otherwise. For all other corporate purposes, all munici- 
 pal corporations may be Vested with authority to assess and col- 
 lect taxes; hut such taxes shall be uniform in respect to persons 
 and property, with the jurisdiction of the body imposing the 
 same. 
 
 I 10. The general assembly shall not impose taxes upon muni- 
 cipal corporations, or the inhabitants or property thereof, for cor- 
 porate purposes, but shall require that all the taxable property 
 within the limits of municipal corporations shall be taxed for 
 the payment of debts contracted under authority of law, such 
 taxes to be uniform in respect to persons and property, within the 
 jurisdiction of the body imposing the same. Private property 
 shall not be liable to be taken or sold for the payment of the cor- 
 porate debts of a municipal corporation. 
 
 \ 11. No person who is in default, as a collector or custodian 
 of money or property belonging to a municipal corporation, shall 
 be eligible to any office in or under such corporation. The fees, 
 salary or compensation of no municipal officer who is elected or 
 appointed for a definite term of office, shall be increased or di- 
 minished during such term. 
 
 \ 12. No county, city, township, school district, or other muni- 
 cipal corporation, shall be allowed to become indebted in any 
 manner or for any purpose, to an amount, including existing in- 
 debtedness, in the aggregate exceeding five per centum on the 
 value of the taxable property therein, to be ascertained by the 
 last assessment for State and county taxes, previous to the incur- 
 ring of such indebtedness. Any county, city, school district, or 
 other municipal corporation, incurring any indebtedness, as afore- 
 Baid, shall before, or at the time of doing so, provide for the col- 
 lection of a direct annual tax sufficient to pay the interest on 
 such debt as it falls due, and also to pay and discharge the prin- 
 cipal thereof within twenty years from the timeof contracting ihe 
 same. This section shall not be construed to prevent any county, 
 city, township, school district, or other municipal cort oration
 
 HISTORY OF SCUUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 403 
 
 from issuing their bonds in compliance with any vote of the 
 people which may have been had prior to the adoption of this 
 constitution in pursuance of any law providing therefor. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 COUNTIES. 
 
 1 1. Formation of New Counties. 
 
 2. Division of any Comity. 
 1 3. Territory stricken from a County. 
 
 4. Removal of a County Seat. * ' 
 1 5. Method of County Government. 
 
 0. Hoard of County Commissioners. 
 
 7. County attairs iu Cook County. 
 
 \ 8. County Officers— Terms of Office. 
 
 S 9, Salaries and Fees in Cook County. 
 I 1(1. Salaries fixed by County Hoard. 
 
 \ 11. Township Officers — Special Laws. 
 i 12. All Future Fees Uniform. 
 $ 13. Sworn Reports of all Fees. 
 
 \ 1. No new county shall be formed or established by the gen- 
 eral assembly, which will reduce the county or counties, or either 
 of them, from which it shall be taken, to less contents than 400 
 square miles; nor shall any county be formed of less contents; 
 nor shall any line thereof pass within less than ten miles of any 
 county seat of the county, or counties proposed to be divided. 
 
 \ 2. No county shall be divided, or have any part stricken 
 therefrom, without submitting the question to a vote of the peo- 
 ple of the county, nor unless a majority of all the legal voters 
 of the county, voting on the question, shall vote for the same. 
 
 | 3. There shall be no teiritory stricken from any county, 
 unless a majority of the voters living in such territory shall peti- 
 tion for such division ; and no territory shall be added to any 
 county without the consent of the majority of the voters of the 
 county to which it is proposed to be added. But the portion so 
 stricken off and added to another county, or formed in whole or 
 in part into a new county, shall be holden for, and obliged to 
 pay its proportion of indebtedness of the county from which it 
 has been taken. 
 
 COUNTY SEATS. 
 
 ? 4. No county seat shall be removed until the point to which 
 it is proposed to be removed shall be fixed in pursuance of law, 
 and three-fifths of the voters of the county, to be ascertained in 
 such manner as shall be provided by general law, shall have 
 voted in favor of its removal to such point ; and no person shall 
 vote on such question who has not resided in the county six 
 months, anil in the election precinct ninety days next preceding 
 such election, The question of removal of a county seat shall 
 not be oftener submitted than once in ten years, to a vote of the 
 people. But when an attempt is made to remove the county seat 
 to a point nearer to the centre of a county, then a majority vote 
 only shall be necessary. 
 
 COUNTY GOVERNMENT. 
 
 §5. The general assembly shall provide, by general law, for 
 township organization, under which any county may organize 
 whenever a majority of the legal voters of such county, voting at 
 any general election, shall so determine, and whenever any county 
 shall adopt township organization, so much of this constitution 
 as provides for the management of the fiscal concerns of the said 
 county by the board of county commissioners, may be dispensed 
 with, and the affairs of said county may bo transacted in such 
 manner as the general assembly may provide. And in any county 
 that shall have adopted a township organization, the question of 
 continuing the same may be submitted to a vote of the electors 
 of such county, at a genera! election, in the manner that now is 
 or may be provided by law; and if a majority of all the votes 
 cast upon that question shall be against township organization, 
 then such organization shall cease in said county ; and all laws 
 in force in relation to counties not having township organizations, 
 shall immediately take effect and be in force in such county. No 
 two townships shall have the same name, and the day of holding 
 the annual township meeting shall be uniform throughout the 
 State. 
 
 I 6. At the first election of county judges under this constitu- 
 tion, three shall be elected in each of the counties in this State, 
 not under township organization, three officers, who shall be 
 styled " The. Board of County Commissioners," who shall hold 
 sessions for the transaction of county business as shall be provided 
 by law. One of said commissioners shall hold his office for one 
 year, one for two years, and one for three years, to be determined 
 by lot ; and every year thereafter one such officer shall be elected 
 in each of said counties for the term 'of three years. 
 
 I 7 The county affairs of Cook county shail be managed by a 
 board of commissioners of fifteen persons, ten of whom shall be 
 elected from the city of Chicago, and five from towns outside of 
 said city, in such manner as may be provided by law. 
 
 COUNTY OFFICERS AND THEIR COMPENSATIONS. 
 
 $ 8. In each county there shall be elected the following county 
 officers : County judge, sheriff, county clerk, clerk of the cir- 
 cuit court, (who may be ex-officio recorder of deeds, except in 
 counties having 60,000 and more inhabitants, in which counties 
 a recorder of deeds shall be elected at the general election in the 
 year of our Lord 1872,) treasurer, surveyor, and coroner, each of 
 whom shall enter upon the duties of his office, respectively, ou 
 the first Monday of December after their election ; and they 
 shall hold their respective offices for the term of four years, ex- 
 cept the treasurer, sheriff and coroner, who shall hold their office 
 * for two years, and until their successors shall be elected and qual- 
 ified. 
 
 § 9. The clerks of all the courts of record, the treasurer, sheriff, 
 coroner and recorder of deeds of Cook county, shall receive as 
 their only compensation for their services, salaries to be fixed by 
 law, which shall in no case be as much as the lawful compensation 
 of a judge of the circuit court of said county, and shall be paid 
 respectively, only out of the fees of the office actually collected. 
 All fees, perquisites and emoluments (above the amount of said 
 salaries) shall be paid into the county treasury. The number of 
 the deputies and assistants of such officers shall be determined 
 by rule of the circuit court, to be entered of record and their 
 compensation shall be determined by the county board. 
 
 \ 10. The county board, except as provided in $ 9 of this arti- 
 cle, shall fix the compensation of all county officers, with the 
 amount of their necessary clerk hire, stationery, fuel and other 
 expenses, and in all cases where fees are provided for, said com- 
 pensation shall be paid only out of, and shall in no instance ex- 
 ceed, the fees actually collected; they shall not allow either of 
 them more per annum than $1,500, in counties not exceeding 
 20,000 inhabitants ; $2,000 in counties containing 20,000 and not 
 exceeding 3 Q ,000 inhabitants; $2,500 in counties containing 30,- 
 000 and not exceeding 50,000 inhabitants; $3,000 in counties 
 containing 50,000 and not exceeding 70,000 inhabitants ; $3,500 
 in counties containing 70,000 and not exceeding 100,000 inhabi- 
 tants ; and $4,000 in counties containing over 100,000 and not 
 exceeding 250,000 inhabitants ; and not more than $1,000 addi- 
 tional compensation for each additional 100,000 inhabitants : 
 Provided, that the compensation of no officer shall be increased 
 or diminished during his term of office. All fees or allowances 
 by them received, in excess of their said compensation, shall be 
 paid into the county treasury. 
 
 I 11. The fees of township officers, and of each class of county 
 officers, shall be uniform in the class of counties to which they 
 respectively belong. The compensation herein provided for shall 
 apply only to officers hereafter elected, but all fees established by 
 special laws shall cease at the adoption of this constitution, and 
 such officers shall receive only such fees as are provided by gen- 
 eral law. 
 
 ? 12. All laws fixing the fees of State, county and township 
 officers, shall terminate with the terms, respectively, of those 
 who may be in office at the meeting of the first general assembly 
 after the adoption of this constitution ; and the general assembly 
 shall by general law, uniform in its operation, provide for and 
 regulate the fees of said officers and their successors, so as to re- 
 duce the same to a reasonable compensation for services actually 
 rendered. But the general assembly may, by general law, classify 
 the counties by population into not more than three classes, and 
 regulate the fees according to class. This article shall not be 
 construed as depriving the general assembly of the power to re- 
 duce the fees of existing officers. 
 
 \ 13. Every person who is elected or appointed to any office in 
 this State, who shall be paid in whole or in part by fees, shall be 
 required by law to make a semi-annual report, under oath to 
 some officer to be designated by law, of all his fees and emolu- 
 ments. 
 
 ARTICLE XL 
 
 CORPORATIONS. 
 
 : 1 Established only by General Laws. 
 ! 2. ExistingChartors — How Forfeited. 
 ( 3. Election of Directors or Managers. 
 i 4. Construction of Street Railroads. 
 ! 5. State Hanks Forbidden — General 
 
 Law. 
 ! 6. Liability of Bank Stockholder. ' 
 
 7. Suspension of Specie Payment. 
 > 8. Of » General Banking Law. 
 
 1 9. Railroad Office,Books and Records 
 j 10. Personal Property of Railroads. 
 1 11. Consolidations Forbidden. 
 \ 12. Railroads deemed Highways — 
 
 Rates Fixed. 
 \ 13. Stocks, Bonds and Dividends. 
 
 1 14. Power over existing Companies. 
 
 1 15. Freight and Passenger Tariff regu- 
 
 lated. 
 
 \ 1. No corparation shall be created by special laws, or its char- 
 ter extended, changed or amended, except those for charitable,
 
 404 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 educational, penal or reformatory purposes, which are to he and 
 remain under the patronage and control of the State, but the 
 
 general assembly shall provide, by general law, for the organiza- 
 tions of all corporations hereafter created. 
 
 2 2. All existing charters or grants of special or exclusive 
 privileges, under which organization shall not have taken place, 
 or which shall not have been in operation within ten days from 
 the time this constitution takes etiect, shal 1 therealter have no 
 validity or effect whatever. 
 
 2 3. The general assembly shall provide, by law, that in all 
 elections for. directors or managers of corporated companies, 
 every stockholder shall have the right to vote, in person or by proxy, 
 for the number of shares of stock owned by him, for as many 
 persons as there are directors or managers to be elected, or to 
 cumulate said shares, and give one candidate as many votes as 
 the number of directors multiplied by the number of his shares 
 of stock, shall equal, or to distribute them on the same principle 
 among as many candidates as he shall think fit ; and no such 
 directors or managers shall be elected in any other manner. v 
 
 § 4. No laws shall - be passed by the general assembly, granting 
 the right to construct and operate a street railroad within any 
 city, town, or incorporated village, without requiring the consent 
 of the local authorities having the control of the street or high- 
 way proposed to be occupied by such street railroad. 
 
 BAJJKS. 
 
 | 5. No State bank shall hereafter be created, nor shall the 
 State own or be liable for any stock in any corporation or joint 
 stock company or association for banking purposes, now created, 
 or to be hereafter created. No act of the general assembly au- 
 thorizing or creating corporations or associations, with banking 
 powers, whether of issue, deposit or discount, nor amendments 
 thereto, shall go into effect or in any manner be in force unless 
 the same shall be submitted to a vote of the people at the general 
 election next succeeding the passage of the same, and be ap- 
 proved by a majority of all the votes cast at such election for or 
 against such law. 
 
 2 6. Every stockholder in a banking corporation or institution 
 shall be individually responsible and liable to its creditors over 
 and above the amount of stock by him or her held, to an amount 
 equal to his or her respective shares so held, for all its liabilities 
 accruing while he or she remains such a stockholder. 
 
 i. 7. The suspension of specie payments by banking institu- 
 tions, or their circulation, created by the laws of this State, shall 
 never be permitted or sanctioned. Every banking association 
 now, or which may hereafter be, organized under the laws of 
 this State, shall make and publish a full and accurate quar- 
 terly statement of its affairs, (which shall be certified to, under 
 oath, by one or more of its officers,) as may be provided by law. 
 
 | 8. If a general banking law shall be enacted, it shall provide 
 for the registry and countersigning, by an officer of state, of all 
 bills or paper credit, designed to circulate as money, and require 
 Becurity,to the full amount thereof, to be deposited with the State 
 treasurer, in United States or Illinois State stocks, to be rated at 
 ten per cent, below their par value ; and in case of a deprecia- 
 tion of said stocks to the amount of ten per cent, belcw par, the 
 bank or banks owning said stocks shall be required to make up 
 said deficiency, by depositing additional stocks. And said law 
 shall also provide for the recording of the names of all stock- 
 holders in such corporations, the amount of stock held by e;n h, 
 the time of any trausier thereof, aud to whom such transfer is 
 made. 
 
 RAILROADS. 
 
 ? 9. Every railroad corporation organized or doing business in 
 this State, under the laws or authority thereof, shall haveand main- 
 tain a public office or place in this State, for the transaction < f 
 its business, where transfers of stock shall be made, and in which 
 shall be kept for public inspection, books, in which shal! be re- 
 corded the amount of capital stock subscribed, and by whom; the 
 names of the owners of stock and amount by them respectively, 
 the amount of stock paid in and by whom, the transfers of said' 
 stock; the amount of its assets and liabilities, and the names 
 and place of residence of its officers. The directors of every 
 _ railroad corporation shall, annually, make a report, under oatli, 
 to the auditor of public accounts, or some officer to be designated 
 by law, of all their acts and doings, which report shall include 
 such matters relating to railroaOs as may be prescribed by law. 
 And the general assembly shall pass laws enlorcing by suitable 
 pjialties the provisions of this section. 
 
 | 10. The rolling stock, aud all other movable property belong- 
 
 ing to any railroad company or corporation in this State, shall be 
 considered personal property, and shall be liable to execution 
 and sale in the same manner as the personal property of individ- 
 uals, and the general assembly shall pass no law exempting any 
 such property from execution and sale. 
 
 { 11. No railroad corporation shall consolidate its stock, prop- 
 erty or franchises with any other railroad corporation owning a 
 parallel or competing line; and in no case shall any consolida- 
 tion take place except upon public notice given, of at least sixty 
 days, to all stockholders, in such manner as may be provided by 
 law. A majority of the directors of any railroad corporation, 
 now incorporated or hereafter to be incorporated by the laws of the 
 State, shall be citizens and residents of this State. 
 
 |12. Riilways heretofore constructed, or that may hereafter 
 be constructed in this State, are hereby declared public high- 
 ways, and shall be free to all persons for the transportation of 
 their persons and property thereon, under such regulations as 
 may be prescribed by law. And the general assembly shall, from 
 time to time, pass laws establishing reasonable maximum rates 
 of charges for the transportation of passengers and* freight on the 
 different railroads in this State. 
 
 2 13. No railroad corporation shall issue any stock or bonds, 
 except for money, labor or property actually received, and ap- 
 plied to the purposes for which such corporation was created ; 
 and all stock dividends, and other fictitious increase of the capi- 
 tal stock or indebtedness of any such corporation, shall be void. 
 The capital stock of no railroad corporation shall be increased 
 for any purpose, except upon giving sixty days' public notice, in 
 such manner as may be provided by law. 
 
 2 14. The exercise of the power, aud the right of eminent do- 
 main shall never be so construed or abridged as to prevent the tak- 
 ing, by the general assembly, of the property and franchises of 
 incorporated companies already organized, and subjecting them 
 to the public necessity the same as of individuals. The right of 
 trial by jury shall be held inviolate in all trials of claims for 
 compensation, when, in the exercise of said right of eminent do- 
 main, any incorporated company shall be interested either for or 
 against the exercise of said right. 
 
 2 15. The general assembly shall pass laws to correct abuses 
 and prevent unjust discrimination and extortion in the rates of 
 freight and passenger tariffs on different railroads in this State, 
 and enforce such laws, by adequate penalties, to the extent, if 
 necessary for that purpose, of forfeiture of their property and 
 franchises. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 MILITIA. 
 
 I 1. Persons composing the Military. ) 3 4. Privilege from Arrest 
 i 2. Organization — Equ ipment— Liis- \ h. Records, Banners and Relies, 
 ripline. J c. Exemption from militia duty, 
 
 g 3. Commissions of Officers. 
 
 2 1. The militia of the State of Illinois shall consist of all able- 
 bodied male persons, resident in the State, between the ages of 
 eighteen and forty-five, except such persons as now are, or here- 
 after may be, exempted by the laws of the United States, or of 
 this State. 
 
 2 2. The ganeral assembly, in providing for the organization, 
 equipment and discipline of the militia, shall conform as nearly 
 as practicable to the regulations for the government of the 
 armies of the United States. 
 
 2 3. All militia officers shall be commissioned by the gover- 
 nor, and may- hold their commissions for such time as the general 
 assembly may provide. 
 
 2 4. The militia shall, in all cases, except treason, felony or 
 breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their at- 
 tendance at musters and elections, and in going to and returning 
 from the-same. 
 
 " 2 5. The military records, banners and relics of the State, shall 
 be preserved as an enduring memorial of the patriotism and 
 valor of Illinois, and it shall be the duty of the general assembly 
 to provide by law for the safe keeping of the same. 
 
 2 6. No person having conscientious scruples against bearing 
 arms, shall be compelled to do militia duty in time of peace : 
 Provided, such parson shall pay an equivalent for such exemp- 
 tion. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. 
 
 WAREHOU-i:-. 
 
 i, 1. What deemed Public Ware}) 1 'elivery of Grain hy Railroad*, 
 
 g 2. Sworn weekly statement" required i ft, Power and Dory of the Legislature. 
 i 3. Examination of property stored. \ 7. Grain Inspection— Protection of 
 I 4. Carriers to deliver full Weight 1 Lealers.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 405 
 
 $ 1. All elevators or storehouses where grain or other property 
 is stored tor a compensation, whether the property stored be kept 
 separate or not, are declared to be public warehouses. 
 
 §2. The owner, lessee or manager of each and every public 
 warehouse situated in any town or city of not less than 100,000 
 inhabitants, shall make weekly statements under oath, before 
 some officer to be designated bv law, and keep the same posted 
 in Mime conspicuous place in the t ffice of such warehouse, and 
 shall also file a copy for public examination in such place as 
 shall be designated by law, which statement shall correctly set 
 forth the amount and grade of each and every kind of grain in 
 such warehouse, together with such other property as may be 
 stored therein, and what warehouse receipts have been issued, 
 and are, at the time of making such statement, outstanding there- 
 for; and shall, on the copy posted in the warehouse, note daily 
 such changes as may be made in the quantity and grade of grain 
 in such warehouse; and the different grades of grain shipped in 
 separate lots, shall not be mixed with inferior or superior grades, 
 without the consent of the owner or consignee thereof. 
 
 \ 3. The owners of property stored in any warehouse, or holder 
 of a receipt for the same, shall always be at liberty to examine 
 such property stored, and all the books and records of the ware- 
 house in regard to such property. 
 
 \ 4. All railroad companies and other common carriers on rail- 
 roads shall weigh or measure grain at points where it is shipped, 
 and receipt for the full amount, and shall be responsible for the 
 delivery of such amount to the owner or consignee thereof, at 
 the place of destination. 
 
 \ 5. All railroad companies receiving and transporting grain 
 in bulk or otherwise, shall deliver the same to any consignee 
 thereof, or any elevator or public warehouse to which it may be 
 consigned, provided such consignee, or the elevator or public 
 warehouse can be reached by any track owned, leased or used, 
 or which can be used, by such railroad companies; and all rail- 
 road companies shall permit connections to be made with their 
 track, so that any such consignee, and any public warehouse, 
 coal bank or coal yard, may be reached by the ears on said rail- 
 road. 
 
 | (!. It shall be the duty of the general assembly to pass all 
 necessary laws to prevent the issue of false and fraudulent 
 warehouse receipts, and to give full effect to this article of the 
 constitution, which shall be liberally construed so as to protect 
 
 Iirodncers and shippers. And the enumeration of the remedies 
 lerein named shall not be construed to deny to the general as- 
 sembly the power to prescribe by law such other and further 
 remedies as may be found expedient, or to deprive any person 
 of existing common law remedies. 
 
 \ 7. The general assembly shall pass laws for the inspection 
 of grain," for the protection of producers, shippers and receivers 
 of grain and produce. 
 
 "ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 AMEXDMENT3 TO THE CONSTITUTION. 
 
 { I. By n Constitutional Convention. | \ 2. Proposed by the Legislature. 
 
 \ 1. Whenever two-thirds of the members of each house of 
 the general assembly shall, by a vote entered upon the journals 
 thereof, concur that a convention is necessary to revise, alter or 
 amend the constitution, the question shall be submitted to the 
 electors at the next general election. If a majority voting at 
 the election vote for a convention, the general assembly shall, at 
 the next session, provide for a convention, to consist of double 
 the number of the members of the senate, to be elected in the 
 same manner, at the same places, and in the same districts. The 
 general assembly shall, in the act calling the convention, desig- 
 nate the day, hour and place of its meeting, fix the pay of its 
 members and officers, and provide for the payment of the same, 
 together with expenses necessarily incurred by the convention 
 in the performance of its duties. Before proceeding, the members 
 shall take an oath to support the constitution of the United 
 States, and of the State of Illinois, and to faithfully discharge 
 their duties as members of the convention. The qualification of 
 members shall be the same as that of members of the senate, 
 and vacancies occurring shall be filled in the manner provided 
 for filling vacancies in the general assembly. Said convention 
 shall meet within three months after such election, and prepare 
 such revisions, alterations or amendments of the constitution as 
 shall be deemed necessary, which shall be submitted to the elec- 
 tors for their ratification or rejection, at an election appointed by 
 the convention for that purpose, not less than or more than six 
 months after the adjournment thereof; and unless so submitted 
 
 and approved by a majority of the electors voting at the election, 
 no such revisions, alterations or amendments shall take effect. 
 
 \ 2. Amendments to this constitution may be proposed in either 
 house of the general assembly, and if the same shall be voted 
 for by two-thirds of all the members elected to each of the two 
 houses, such proposed amendments, together with the yeas and 
 nays of each house thereon, shall be entered in full on their re- 
 spective journals, and said amendments shall be submitted to the 
 electors of this State for adoption or rejection, at the next elec- 
 tion of members of the general assembly, in such manner as may 
 be prescribed by law. The proposed amendments shall be pub- 
 lished in full at least three months preceding the election, and 
 if a majority of electors voting at said election shall vote for the 
 proposed amendments, they shall become part of this constitu- 
 tion. But the general assembly shall have no power to propose 
 amendments to more than one article of this constitution at the 
 same session, nor to the same article oftener than once in four 
 years. t 
 
 SEPARATE SECTIONS. 
 
 Illinois Central Railroad. 
 Illinois and Michigan Canal. 
 
 Municipal Subscription to Corpora- 
 tions. 
 
 No contract, obligation or liability whatever, of the Illinois 
 Central Railroad Company, to pay any money into the State 
 treasury, nor any lien of the State upon, or right to tax property 
 of said company, in accordance with the provisions of the charter 
 of said company, approved Feb. 10, in the year of our Lord 1851, 
 shall ever be released, suspended, modified, altered, remitted, or 
 in any manner diminished or impaired by legislative or other 
 authority ; and all moneys derived from said company, after the 
 payment of the State debt, shall be appropriated and set apart 
 for the payment of the ordinary expenses of the State govern- 
 ment, and for no other purposes whatever. 
 
 MUNICIPAL SUBSCRIPTIONS TO RAILROADS OR PRIVATE CORPORA- 
 TIONS. 
 
 No county, city, town, township or other municipality shall ever 
 become subscriber to the capital stock of any railroad or private 
 corporation, or make donation to, or loan its credit in aid of such 
 corporation : Provided however, that the adoption of this article 
 shal not be construed as affecting the right of any such munici- 
 pality to make such subscriptions where the same have been au- 
 thorized, under existing laws, by a vote of the people of such 
 municipalities prior to such adoption. 
 
 CANAL. 
 
 The Illinois and Michigan Canal shall never be sold or leased 
 until the specific proposition for the sale of lease thereof shall 
 have first been submitted to a vote of the people of the State, at 
 a general election, and have been approved by a majority of all 
 the votes polled at such election. The general assembly shall 
 never loan the credit of the State, or make appropriations from 
 the treasury thereof, in aid of railroads or canals : Provided, that 
 any surplus earnings of any canal may be appropriated for its 
 enlargement or extension. 
 
 SCHEDULE. 
 
 g t. Laws in force remain valid. I 
 
 j> 2. Fines, lVn:Utf's, and Forfeitures. 1 
 \ 3. Recognizances, Bonds, Obligsl i onfl 
 
 4. Present county Courts continued. 
 r». All existing Courts continued. 
 
 5. Persons now in Office continued. 
 
 That no inconvenience may anse from the alterations and amendments made 
 in the constitution of Otis Suite and to carry the same into comple.e effect, it is 
 hereby ordained and declared : 
 
 | 1. That all laws in force at the adoption of this constitution, 
 not inconsistent therewith, and all rights, actions, prosecutions, 
 claims, and contracts of this State, individuals or bodies corpor- 
 ate, shall continue to be as valid as if this constitution had not 
 been adopted. 
 
 | 2. That all fines, taxas, penalties and forfeitures, due and 
 owing to the State of Illinois under the present constitution and 
 laws, shall inure to the use of the people of the State of Illinois 
 under this constitution. 
 
 \ 3. Recognizances, bonds, obligations, and all other instruments 
 entered into or executed before the adoption of this constitution, 
 to the people of the State of Illinois, to any State or county officer 
 or public body, shall remain binding and valid; and rights and 
 liabilities upon the same shall continue, and all crimes and mis- 
 demeanors shall be tried and punished as though no change had 
 been made in the constitution of this State. 
 
 \ 4. County courts tor the transaction of county business in 
 eounucs not having adapted township organization, shall continue 
 in existence and exercise their present jurisdiction until the
 
 406 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 board of county commissioners provided in this constitution is 
 organized in pursuance of an act of the general assembly; and 
 the count* courts in all other counties shall have the same power 
 and jurisdiction they uow possess until otherwise provided by 
 general law. 
 
 i 5. All existing courts which are not in this constitution 
 6|>ecially enumerated, shall continue in existence and exercise 
 their present jurisdiction until otherwise provided by law. 
 
 j 6. All persons now filling any office or appointment shall 
 continue in the exercise of the duties thereof aceording to their 
 respective commissions or appointments, unless by this constitu- 
 tion it is otherwise directed. 
 
 J l*. All laws of the State of Illinois, and all official writings, 
 and the executive, legislative and judicial proceedings, t-hall be 
 conducted, preserved and published in no other than the English 
 language. 
 
 | 19. The general assembly shall pass all laws necessary to 
 carry into effect the provisions of this constitution. 
 ' { 20. The circuit clerks of the different counties having a pop- 
 ulation over sixty thousand, shall continue to be recorders (ex- 
 officio) for their respective counties, under this constitution, until 
 the expiration of their respective terms. 
 
 j 21. The judges of all courts of records in Cook County shall, 
 in lieu of any salary provided for in this constitution, receive the 
 compensation now provided by law until the adjournment of the 
 first session of general assembly after the adoption of this con- 
 stitution. 
 
 | 22. The present judge of the circuit court of Cook county 
 shall continue to hold the circuit court of Lake county until 
 otherwise provided by law. 
 
 { 23. When this constitution shall be adopted, and take effect 
 as the supreme law of the State of Illinois, the two-mill tax pro- 
 vided to be aiinuall . I and collected upon each dollar's 
 worth of taxable property, in addition to all other taxes, as set 
 forth in article fifteen of the now existing constitution, shall cease 
 to be assessed after the year of our Lord one thousand eight 
 hundred and seventy. 
 
 | -i. Nothing contained in this constitution shall be so con- 
 strued as to deprive the general assembly of the power to author- 
 ize the city of Quincy to create any indebtedness for railroad or 
 municipal purposes, for which the people of said city shall have 
 voted, and to which they shall have given, by such vote, their 
 assent, prior to the thirteenth day of December, in the year of 
 our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine: Prurided, 
 that no such indebtedness, so created, shall in any part thereof 
 be paid by the State, or from any State revenue, tax or fund, but 
 the same shall be paid, if at all, by the said city of Quincy alone, 
 and by taxes to be levied upon the taxable property thereof: 
 And provided, further, that the general assembly shall have no 
 power in the premises that it could not exercise under the pre- 
 sent constitution of this State. 
 
 $ 25. In case this constitution and the articles and sections 
 submitted separately be adopted, the existing constitution shall 
 cease in all its provisions ; and in case this constitution be adopted, 
 any one or more of its articles or sections submitted separately 
 be defeated, the provisions of the existing constitution (if any) 
 on the same subject shall remain in force. 
 
 26. The provisions of this constitution required to be exe- 
 cuted prior to the adoption or rejection thereof shall take effect 
 and be in force immediately. 
 
 Done in convention at the capital, in the city of Springfield, 
 on the thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord one thou- 
 sand eight hundred and seventy, and of the independence of the 
 United States of America the ninety-fourth. 
 
 In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names: 
 
 CHARLES HITCHCOCK, President 
 
 William J. Allen, 
 John Abb >tt, 
 James C. Allen, 
 Elliott Anthony, 
 "\\"m. K. Archer, 
 Henry I. Atkins, 
 
 Robert A. King, 
 Jas. McCoy, 
 Charles E." McDoweH, 
 "William C. Goodue, 
 Joseph Medill, 
 Clifton H. Moore, 
 
 James G. Bayne, 
 R. M. Benjamin, 
 
 H. P. H. Brownwell, 
 O H. Browning, 
 Wm. G. Bowman, 
 Silas L. Brvon, 
 H. P. Buxton, 
 Daniel Cameron, 
 William Cary, 
 Lawrence S. Church, 
 Hiram H. Codv, 
 W. F. Coolbaugh, 
 Alfred M. Craig, 
 Robert J. Cross, 
 Samuel P Cuminings, 
 John Dement, 
 G. S. Eldridge, 
 James W. English. 
 David Ellis, 
 Ferris Foreman, 
 Jesse C. Fox, 
 Miles A. Fuller, 
 John P. Gamble, 
 Addison Goodell, 
 John C. Haines, 
 Elijah M. Haines, 
 John W. Hankins, 
 R. P. Hanna, 
 Joseph Hart, 
 Abel Harwood, 
 Milton Hay, 
 Samuel Snowden Hayes, 
 Jesse S. Hildrup, 
 
 Jonathan Merriam, 
 Joseph Parker, 
 Samuel C. Parks, 
 
 Peleg K Porky, 
 
 J. S. Poage,' 
 Edward Y. Rice, 
 James P. Robinson, 
 Lewis W, B --. 
 William P. Pierce, 
 N. J. Pillsbury, 
 Jno. Scholfield, 
 James M. Sharp, 
 Henry Sherrell, 
 W. II. Snyder, 
 O. C. Skinner, 
 Westel W. Sedgwick, 
 Charles F. Springer, 
 John L. Tincher, 
 
 C. Truesdale, 
 Henry Tubbs, 
 Thomas J. Turner, 
 Win. H. Underwood, 
 Wm. L. Vandeventer, 
 Henry W. Wells, 
 George E. Wait, 
 George W. Wall, 
 
 R. B. Sutherland, 
 
 D. C. Wagner, 
 George R. Wendling, 
 Chas. Wheatou 
 
 L. D. Whiting, 
 John H. Wilson, 
 Orlando H. Wright 
 
 Attest : — John Q. Harmon, Secretary. 
 
 Daniel Shepard, First Assist mt Szcrctiry. 
 A. H. Swain, Second Assistant Secretary. 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, I „_ „, e K . rrfa „ 
 
 STATE OF ILLINOIS. | s8 - t * U * ef btertU "T- 
 
 I C.eorgeH. Harlow, Secretary of the State of Illinois, do hereby certify 
 that the foregoing is a true copy *of the constitution of the State of Illinois 
 adopted in convention the 13th dav of May, ISTo, ratified by a vote of the peo- 
 ple the 2nd day of July, 187(1, and in force on the sth day of Angusr. IsTm, and 
 now on file in this office In testimony whereof I hereto "set my hand and affix 
 the lireat Seal of State, at the city of "Springfield, the 31st day of March, A. L>. 
 1873. 
 
 GEO. H. HARLOW, Secretory of Slate. 
 
 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. 
 
 Amending section 31, article 4. Proposed by the General Assembly, MIT, 
 ratified by a vote of the people November 5, 1878, proclaimed adopted by the 
 Governor* November 29, 1878. 
 
 Skctiox 31, Article 4. 
 
 The General Assembly may pass laws permitting the owners of lands to con" 
 struct drains, ditches, and levees for agricultural, sanitary and mining purposes 
 across the lands of others, and provide for the organization of drainage dis- 
 tricts, and ve-t the corpora'e authorities thereof with power to construct and 
 maintain levees, drains and ditches, and to keep in repair all drains, ditches 
 and levees heretofore constructed under the taws of this State, by special as- 
 sessments upon the property benefited thereby. 
 
 Amending section 8, article 10. Proposed by the General Assembly, 1879, 
 ratified hy a vote of the people November 2, 1880, proclaimed adopted by the 
 Governor* November 22, 1880 : 
 
 Sectiox 8, Articlr 10. 
 
 In each connty ihere shall be elected the following county officers, at the 
 general election to be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, 
 A. I>. 1S82: A county judge, county cterk. sheriff", and treasurer ; and at the 
 election to be held on the Tuesdayafter the first Monday in November, A. I>. 
 188*. a coroner and clerk of the circuit court, (who may be ex-offieio recorder of 
 deeds, except in counties having fin.000 and more inhabitants, in which coun- 
 ties a recorder of deeds shall be elected at the general election in 1884). Each 
 of said officers shall enter upon the dnties of his office, respectively, on the 
 first Monday of December after his election, and they shall bold their respec- 
 tive offices "for the term of four years, and until their successors are elected 
 and qualified : Provided, that no person having once been elected to the office 
 of sheriff, or treasurer, shall be eligible to re-election to said office for four 
 years after the expiration of the term for which he shall have been elected.
 
 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 
 
 AVhen, in the course of human events, it becomes necesfnry 
 for one people to dissolve the political bands which have con- 
 nected t!n-iii with another, and to assume among the powers of 
 the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of 
 nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to 
 opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes 
 which impel them to the separation. 
 
 We hold those truths to be self-evident, that all men are cre- 
 ated equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain 
 unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the 
 pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments 
 are instituted among men, deriving their just powers lrom the 
 consent of the governed ; that, whenever any form of govern- 
 ment becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the 
 people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new govern* 
 Hunt, laving its foundation on such principles, and organizing 
 its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to ef- 
 fect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate 
 that governments long established should not be changed for 
 light and transient causes ; and, accordingly, all experience hath 
 shown that mankind are more disposed to sutler, while evils are 
 sutl'erable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to 
 which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses 
 and Usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a 
 design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, 
 it is their duty to throw* off such government, and to provide 
 new guards for their future security. Such has been the patient 
 sufferance of these colonies, and such is now the necessity which 
 •constrains them to alter their former systems of government. 
 The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of 
 repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the 
 establishment of an absolute tyranny over these States. To 
 prove this let facts be submitted to a candid world : 
 
 He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and 
 necessary for the public good. 
 
 He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and 
 pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his 
 assent should be obtained ; and when so suspended, he has utterly 
 neglected to attend to them. 
 
 He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of iarge 
 districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the rigbt 
 of representation in the legislature; a right inestimable to them, 
 and formidable to tyrants only. 
 
 He has called together leglislative bodies at places unusual, 
 uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public 
 records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance 
 with his measures. 
 
 He lias dissolved representative houses repeatedly for oppos- 
 ing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the peo- 
 ple. 
 
 He has refused, for a long time after such dissolution, to cause 
 others to be elected ; whereby the legislative powers, incapable 
 of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their 
 exercise; the State remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all 
 the danger of invasion from without, and convulsions within. 
 
 He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States ; 
 for that purpose, obstructing the laws for naturalization of for- 
 eigners; (erasing to pass others to encourage their migration 
 hither, and ra : sing the conditions of new appropriations of lands. 
 
 He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing 
 his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers. 
 
 He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the ten- 
 ure of their offices, and the amount and paymentof their salaries, 
 
 He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither 
 swarms of officers to harass our people, and eat out their sub- 
 stance. 
 
 He has kept among us. in times of peace, standing armies, 
 without the consent of our legislature. 
 
 He has affected to render the military independent of, and 
 superior to, the civil power. 
 
 He has combined, with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction 
 foreign' to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giv- 
 ing his assent to their acts of pretended legi lution. 
 
 For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us. 
 
 For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment, for 
 any murders they should commit on the inhabitants of these 
 States. 
 
 For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world: 
 
 For imposing taxes on us without our consent : 
 
 For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by 
 jury : 
 
 For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended of- 
 fences: 
 
 For abolishing the free svstem of English law in a neighbor- 
 ing province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and 
 enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example 
 and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into 
 these colonies : 
 
 For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable 
 laws, and altering fundamentally, the powere of our govern- 
 ments : 
 
 For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring themselves 
 invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. 
 
 He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his 
 protection, and waging war against us. 
 
 He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our 
 towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. 
 
 He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mer- 
 cenaries to complete toe work of death, desolation and tyranny, 
 already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely 
 paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the 
 head of a civilized nation. 
 
 He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the 
 high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the exe- 
 cutioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by 
 their hands. 
 
 He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has en- 
 deavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merci- 
 less Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undis- 
 tinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions. 
 
 In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for re- 
 dress, in the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have 
 been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose charac- 
 ter is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is 
 unfit to be the ruler of a free people. 
 
 Nor have we been wanting in our attention to our British 
 brethren. We have warned them from time to time, of attempts 
 made by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction 
 over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our 
 emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their 
 native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them, by 
 the tics of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations, 
 which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspon- 
 dence. They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and 
 consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, 
 which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the 
 rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace, friends. 
 
 We, therefore the representatives of the UNITED STATES 
 OF AMERICA, in GENERAL CONGRESS assembled, appeal- 
 ing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the rectitude of our 
 intentions, do, in the name, and by the authority of the good 
 people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these 
 United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, FBEE AND 
 INDEPENDENT STATES; that they are absolved from all 
 allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connection 
 between them and the State of Great Britain, is, and ought to be, 
 totally dissolved ; and that as FREE AM) INDEPENDENT 
 STATES, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, con- 
 tract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and 
 things which INDEPENDENT STATES may of right do. 
 And, for the support of this declaration, and a firm reliance on 
 the protection of DIVINE PROVIDENCE, we mutually pledge 
 to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. 
 
 JOHN HANCOCK. 
 
 407
 
 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 We, the people of the U litel State--, in orler to form a more 
 perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, 
 provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, 
 and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our pos- 
 terity, do ordain and establish this Coxstitctiox for the 
 United States of America. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be 
 1 in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of 
 a Senate and House of Representatives. 
 
 Section 2, The House of Representatives shall be composed 
 of members chosen every second year by the people of the sev- 
 eral S:ate-. and the electors iii each State shall have the qualifi- 
 cations requi»ite for electors of the most numerous branch of the 
 State Legislature. 
 
 No person shall be a Representative who shall not have at- 
 tained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a 
 citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be 
 an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. 
 
 Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among 
 the several Suites which may be included within this Union, ac- 
 cording to their res|>ective numbers, which shall be determined 
 by adding to the whole number of free persons including those 
 bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not 
 uixed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration 
 shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the 
 Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term 
 of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The 
 number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty 
 thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative ; 
 and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New 
 Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, 
 Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five. 
 New York six. New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware 
 one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, and 
 Georgia three. 
 
 When vacancies happen in the representation from any 
 the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to 
 fill such vacati' 
 
 The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and 
 other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. 
 
 Section 3. The Senate of the United States shall be com- 
 posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Leglisla- 
 ture thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. 
 
 Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of 
 the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into 
 three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall 
 be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second 
 class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class 
 at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be 
 ehssBQ every second year; aud if vacancies happen by resigua% 
 tion, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any 
 State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments 
 until the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill 
 such vacancies. 
 
 No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to 
 the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the 
 T'n - ind who shall not. when elected, be an inhabitant 
 
 of that State for which he shall be chosen. 
 
 The Vice Presides* of the United States shall be the President 
 of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally di- 
 vided. 
 
 The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a Presi- 
 dent pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when 
 he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. 
 
 The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. 
 When sitting for that purpose they shall be* on oath or affirma- 
 tion. When the President of the United States is tried, the 
 Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted 
 without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. 
 
 Judgment ■ in cases of impeachment shall not extend further 
 than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and en- 
 403 
 
 joy any office of honor, trust or profit tinder the United States ; 
 but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject 
 to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law. 
 
 Section 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections 
 for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each 
 Suite by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any 
 time by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the 
 places of choosing Senator-. 
 
 The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and 
 such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless 
 they shall by law appoint a different day. 
 
 Section 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, 
 returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of 
 each shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller 
 number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to 
 compel the attendance of absent members in such manner, and 
 under such penalties as each house may provide. 
 
 Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, pun- 
 ish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concur- 
 rence of two-thirds, expel a member. 
 
 Each bouse shall keep a journal of i's proceedings, and from 
 time to time publish the same excepting such paits as may in 
 their judgment require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the 
 members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of 
 one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. 
 
 Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without 
 the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor 
 to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be 
 sitting. — 
 
 Section 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a 
 compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and 
 paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in 
 all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, l»e 
 privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of 
 their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the 
 same ; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall 
 not be questioned in any other place. 
 
 No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which 
 he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the author- 
 ity of the Uuited States, which shall have been created, or the 
 emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such 
 time ; and no person holding any office under the United States, 
 shall be a member of either house during his continuance in 
 office. 
 
 Section 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the 
 House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or con- 
 cur with amendments as on other bills. 
 
 Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representa- 
 tives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented 
 to the President of the United States; if he approve he shall 
 sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to that 
 house iu which it shall have originated, who shall enter the ob- 
 jections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. 
 If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that House shall 
 agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec- 
 tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be recon- 
 sidered, if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become 
 a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be 
 determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons vot- 
 ing for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of 
 each house res|>cctively. If any bill shall not be returned by 
 the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall 
 have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like man- 
 ner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjourn- 
 ment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. 
 
 Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of 
 Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except 
 on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the Presi- 
 dent of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect, 
 shall be approved by him. or being disapproved by him, shall be 
 repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representa- 
 tives, accordin" to the rules and limitations prescribed in the 
 case of a bill.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 409 
 
 Section 8. The Congress shall have power — 
 
 To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay 
 the debts and provide for the common defense and general wel- 
 fare of the United Slates; but all duties, imposts and excises 
 shall be uniform throughout the United States ; 
 
 To borrow money on the credit of the United States; 
 
 To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the 
 saveral States, and with the Indian tribes; 
 
 To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform 
 laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United 
 States ; 
 
 To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign 
 coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures ; 
 
 To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities 
 and current coin of the United States ; 
 
 To establish post-offices and post-roads ; 
 
 To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by secur- 
 ing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right 
 to their respective writings and discoveries ; 
 
 To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; 
 
 To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the 
 high seas, and offences against the law of nations ; 
 
 To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make 
 rules concerning captures on laud and water ; 
 
 To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money 
 to that use shall he for a longer term than two years ; 
 
 To provide and maintain a navy ; 
 
 To make rules for the government and regulation of the land 
 and naval forces; 
 
 To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of 
 the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions ; 
 
 To provide for organizing, arming and diseipling the militia, 
 and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the 
 service of the United States, reserving to the States, respectively 
 the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training 
 the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress. 
 
 To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such dis- 
 tricts (not exceeding ten miles square), as may by the cession of 
 particular States and the acceptance of Congress become the 
 seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like 
 authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legisla- 
 ture of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of 
 forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards and other needful build- 
 ings; — and 
 
 To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for car- 
 rying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers 
 vested by this Constitution in the government of the United 
 States, or to any department or officer thereof. 
 
 Section 9. The migration or importation of such persons as 
 any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall 
 not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand 
 eight hundred and'eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on 
 such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. 
 
 The privileges of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be sus- 
 pended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public 
 safety may require it. 
 
 No bill'of attainder or ex-post facto law shall be passed. 
 
 No capitation or other direct tax shall bo laid unless in pro- 
 portion to the census, or enumeration hereinbefore directed to 
 be taken. 
 
 No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any 
 State. 
 
 No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce 
 or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another ; nor 
 shall vessels bound to, or from one State, be obliged to enter, 
 clear, or pay duties in another. 
 
 No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in con- 
 sequence of appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement 
 and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money 
 shall be published from time to time. • 
 
 No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States ; 
 and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, 
 shall without the consent of Congress, accept of any present, 
 emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, 
 prince, or foreign State. 
 
 Section 10. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or 
 confederation ; grant letters of marque or reprisal ; coin money ; 
 emit bills of credit ; make anything but gold and silver coin a 
 tender in pavment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post . 
 facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant 
 anv title of nobilitv. 
 
 ' 52 
 
 No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any 
 imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be ab- 
 solutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net 
 produce of all duties and imposts laid by any State on imports 
 or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United 
 States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and 
 control of the Congress. 
 
 No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any 
 duty on tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, 
 enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with 
 a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded or in 
 such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 Section 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a Presi- 
 dent of the United States of America. He shall hold his office 
 during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice Presi- 
 dent chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : 
 
 Each State shall appoint, in such a manner as the Legislature 
 thereof may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole num- 
 ber of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be 
 entitled in the Congress ; but no Senator or Representative, or 
 person holding an office of trust or profit under the United 
 States, shall be appointed an elector. 
 
 [*The electors shall meet in their respective States and vote 
 by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an 
 inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall 
 make a list of all persons voted for, and of the number of votes 
 for each ; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, 
 sealed to the seat of Jthe government of the United States, 
 directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the 
 Senate shall, in the presence. of the Senate and House of Repre- 
 sentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be 
 counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall 
 be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole 
 number of electors appointed ; and if there be more than one 
 who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, 
 then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by 
 ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a major- 
 ity, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in 
 like manner choose the President. But in choosing the Presi- 
 dent, the vote shall be taken by States, the representation from 
 each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose, shall 
 consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, 
 and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. 
 In every case, after the choice of the President, the person 
 having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the 
 Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who 
 have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the 
 Vice President.] 
 
 The Congress may determime the time of choosing the elect- 
 ors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day 
 shall be the same throughout the United States. 
 
 No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the 
 United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, 
 shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any per- 
 son be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the ape 
 of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within 
 the United States. 
 
 In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his 
 death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and 
 duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice 
 President and the Congress may by law provide for the case of 
 removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President 
 and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as 
 President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disa- 
 bility be removed, or a President shall be elected. 
 
 The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a 
 compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished dur- 
 ing the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall 
 not receive within that period any other emolument from the 
 United States, or any of them. 
 
 Before he enter on the execution of his office he shall take the 
 following oath or affirmation : 
 
 " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute 
 the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best 
 of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of 
 the United States." 
 
 * This clause within brackets has been superseded and annulled by the 
 XII Amendment.
 
 410 
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 >i:<tiox 2. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the 
 army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the 
 several States, when called into the actual service of the United 
 ■s; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal 
 officer in each of the Executive departments, upon any subject 
 relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have 
 power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the 
 United States, except in cases of impeachment. He shall 
 have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, 
 to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present 
 concur ; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice of 
 the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers, 
 consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of 
 the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise 
 provided for, and which shall be established by law ; but the 
 Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior 
 officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts 
 of law, or in the heads of departments. 
 
 The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that 
 may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting com- 
 missions which shall expire at the end of their next sessions. 
 
 Section 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress 
 information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their 
 consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and ex- 
 pedient ; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both 
 Houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between 
 them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn 
 them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive 
 ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that 
 the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the 
 officers of the United States. 
 
 Section 4. The President, Vice President and all civil officers 
 of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeach- 
 ment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or otherhigh crimes 
 and misdemeanors. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 
 Section 1. The judicial power of the United States shall be 
 -vested in one Supreme Court and such inferior courts as the 
 Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The 
 judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their 
 offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive 
 for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished 
 during their continuance in office. 
 
 Section 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in 
 law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the 
 United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under 
 their authority ; — to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public 
 ministers and consuls ; — to all cases of admiralty and maritime 
 jurisdiction ; — to controversies to which the United States shall 
 be a party ;— to controversies between two or more States ; — 
 between a State and citizens of another state ; — between citizens 
 of different States; — between citizens of the same State claiming 
 lands under grants of different States, and between a State, or 
 the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects. 
 
 In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and 
 consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme 
 Court shall have original jurisdiction. 
 
 In all the other cases before mentioned the Supreme Court shall 
 have appellate jurisdiction both as to law and fact, with such ex- 
 ceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. 
 
 The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall 
 be by jury ; and such trial shall be held in the State where the 
 said crimes shall have been committed ; but when not committed 
 within any State the trial shall be at such place or places, as the 
 Congress may by law have directed. 
 
 Section 3. Treason against the United States shall consist 
 only of levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, 
 giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of 
 treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same 
 overt act, or on confession in open court. 
 
 The Congress shall have power w declare the punishment of 
 treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of 
 blood or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State 
 t<> the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other 
 State And the Congress may by general law prescribe the man- 
 
 ner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved 
 and the effect thereof. 
 
 Section 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to the 
 all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States, 
 
 A person charged in any State with treason, felony or other 
 crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another State, 
 shall, on demand of the Executive authority of the State from 
 which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having 
 jurisdiction of the crime. 
 
 No person held to service or labor in one State, under the 
 laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any 
 law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or 
 labor, but shall be delivered up on the chum of the party to 
 whom such service or labor may be due. 
 
 Section 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into 
 this Union ; but no new State shall be formed or erected within 
 the jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State be formed by 
 the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the 
 consent of the Legislatures of the States cencerned, as well as of 
 the Congress. 
 
 The Congress 'shall have power to dispose of and make all 
 needful rules and regulations ' respecting the territory or other 
 property belonging to the United States ; and nothing in this 
 Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of 
 the United States, or of any particular State. 
 
 Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State 
 in this Union a Republican form of government, and shall pro- 
 tect each of them against invasion, and on application of the 
 Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be 
 convened) against domestic violence. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem 
 it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, 
 on the application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several 
 States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which 
 in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as a 
 part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of 
 three-fourths of the several States, or by conventions in three- 
 fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may 
 be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment which 
 may be madeprior to the year one thousand eight hundred and 
 eight shall in any manner "affect the first and fourth clauses in 
 the ninth section of the first article ; and that no State, without 
 its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 All debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the 
 adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the 
 United States under this Constitution as under the Confedera- 
 tion. 
 
 This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which 
 shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or 
 which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, 
 shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the judges in every 
 State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or 
 laws of any State notwithstanding. 
 
 The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the 
 members of the several State Legislatures, and all Executive and 
 judicial officers, both of the Uuited States and of the several 
 States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation, to support this 
 Constitution : but no religious test shall ever be required as a 
 qualification to any office of public trust under the United States. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 The ratification of the Convention of nine States shall be suffi- 
 cient for the establishment of this Constitution between the 
 States so ratifying the same. 
 
 Done in Convention by the unanimous consent of the States 
 present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the 
 Independence of the United States of America, the twelfth. In 
 Witness Whereof, We have hereunto subscribed our names. . 
 
 GEO. WASHINGTON. 
 Pretidtnt and Dtpuiy .from Virginia.
 
 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 411 
 
 Xrtc Hampshire. 
 
 New Jersey. 
 
 Delaware. 
 
 North Carolina. 
 
 John Lang don, 
 
 WlL. LIVINGSTON, 
 
 GEO. Head, 
 
 Wm. Bi.ofnt, 
 
 Nicholas Oilman. 
 
 Wm. Patterson, 
 
 John Dickinson, 
 
 Hi'. Williamson, 
 
 
 David Hrearly, 
 
 Jacob Bboom, 
 
 KlCH'D DlillDS Sl'AIGHT. 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 Jona. Dayton, 
 
 GCNHING Bedford, Jr. 
 
 
 Nathaniel Gorham, 
 
 
 Khiiard Basset. 
 
 South Carolina. 
 
 Rufgs Kino. 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 J. RUTLEDGE, 
 CHARLES l'lNCKNEY, 
 
 
 B. Franklin, 
 
 .I"HN Hl.AIR, 
 
 (II \S.('(lTE.s\VORTHl > INCKNEY 
 
 Connecticut. 
 
 Robt. Morris, 
 
 James Madison, Jr. 
 
 1'IERCE BUTLER. 
 
 Wm. Saml. Johnson, 
 
 Tho. Fitzsimons, 
 James Wilson, . 
 Thomas Mifflin, 
 
 Muri/land. 
 
 
 ROGER SlIEtfMA-N. 
 1 
 
 James M'Menry, 
 
 Georgia. 
 
 
 Geo. Clymer, 
 
 Dane. Carrol, 
 
 William Few, 
 
 Sew Ymk. 
 
 J a red Ingersoi.l, 
 
 Dan. of St. Thos. Jenifer. 
 
 Ann. Baldwin. 
 
 Alexander Hamilton. 
 
 (iorv. Morris. 
 
 Attest: 
 
 WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. 
 
 ^ £&&G£&^ 
 
 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Proposed by Congress, and ratijied by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth article of the origiml Constitution. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of 
 religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging 
 the freedom of speech, or of the press ; or the right of the people 
 peacefully to assemble, and to petition the government for a re- 
 dress of grievances. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a 
 free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not 
 be infringed. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house 
 without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a 
 manner to be prescribed by law. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 The right the of people to be secure in their persons, houses* 
 papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, 
 shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue but upon prob- 
 able cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly 
 describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to 
 be seized. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise 
 infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment by a 
 Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, 
 or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public 
 danger ; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to 
 be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled 
 in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be de- 
 prived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law ; 
 nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just 
 compensation. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right 
 to a speedv and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and 
 district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which dis- 
 trict shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be 
 informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be con- 
 fronted with the witnesses against him ; to have compulsory 
 process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the 
 assistance of counsel for his defense. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 In suits at common law where the value in controversy shall 
 
 exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be pre- 
 served, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined 
 in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of 
 the common law. • 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 Excessive bails shall not be required, nor excessive fines im- 
 posed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. • 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 The enumeration in this Constitution, of certain rights, shal' 
 not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the 
 people. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitu- 
 tion, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States 
 respectively, or to the people. 
 
 ARTICLE XL 
 
 The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed 
 to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted 
 against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or 
 by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by 
 ballot for President and Vice President, one of whom at least 
 shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves ; 
 they shall name in their ballot the person to be voted for as 
 President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice 
 President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted 
 for as President, and all persons voted for as Vice President, and 
 of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and 
 certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of government of the 
 United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The 
 President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and 
 House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes 
 shall then be counted. The person having tin' greatest number 
 of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be 
 a majority of the whole number of electors appointed ; and if no 
 person have such majority, then from the persona having the 
 highest number not exceeding three on the list of those voted 
 for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose im- 
 mediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the Presi- 
 dent, the" vote shall be taken by States, the representation from 
 each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall con-
 
 412 dt HISTORY OF SCHUYLER AND BROWN COUNTIES, ILLINOIS. 
 
 if a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a 
 majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if 
 the House of Representatives shall not choose a President when- 
 ever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the 
 fourth day of March next following, then the Vice President 
 shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other Consti- 
 tutional disability of the President. The person having the 
 freatcst number of votes as Vice President, shall be the Vice 
 resident, if such number be a majority of the whole number of 
 electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from 
 the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the 
 Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two- 
 thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the 
 whole number shall be necessary to a choice. Put no person 
 constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eli- 
 gible to that of Vice President of the United States. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. 
 
 Section" 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except 
 as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly 
 convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place 
 subject to their jurisdiction. 
 
 Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article 
 by appropriate legislation. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United 
 States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the 
 United States, and of thfe State wherein they reside. No State 
 shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges 
 or immunities of citizens of the United States ; nor shall any 
 State deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due 
 process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the 
 equal protection of the laws. 
 
 Section 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the 
 several States according to their respective numbers, counting the 
 whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not 
 
 taxed ; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice 
 of electors for President and Vice President of the United Stafi -. 
 Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of 
 a State or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to 
 any of themale inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years 
 of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, 
 except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of 
 representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which 
 the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number 
 of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State. 
 
 Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in 
 Congress or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any 
 office civil or military, under the United States or under any 
 State who, having previously taken oath as Member of Congress, 
 or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State 
 Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to 
 support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged 
 in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or com- 
 fort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of 
 two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. 
 
 Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United 
 States authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment 
 of pensions and bounties for suppressing insurrection or rebellion, 
 shall not be questioned. But neither the United States 
 nor any State shall assume or pay any debt of obligation in- 
 curred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United 
 States, orany loss for emancipation of any slave, but such debts, 
 obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. 
 
 Section 5. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by 
 appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. 
 
 ARTICLE XV. 
 
 Section 1. The rights of citizens of the United States to vote 
 shall not be denied or abridged by the United States on account of 
 race, color, or previous condition of servitude. 
 
 Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by 
 appropriate legislation.