Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries http://archive.org/details/shakespeareinameOOnati OPINION EDITORIAL PITCH LETTER
, Dear : Starting , the National Endowment for the Arts and will bring live performances of to as part of the largest tour of William Shakespeare's works in American history. The nationwide tour, Shakespeare in American Communities, was launched in April to help reinvigorate the American theatrical touring tradition in communities large and small. Despite the important role the arts have played in shaping the American culture throughout history, state funding for the arts has declined considerably in recent years. As a result, many local theater and arts education programs are suffering, and the majority of young people under the age of 18 have never even seen a play. To address this issue, has joined the Arts Endowment and a collaboration of theater companies, such as , to bring high-quality Shakespearean productions to 1 00 small and mid-sized communities in all 50 states. The Shakespeare in American Communities program is co-chaired by First Lady Laura Bush and Jack Valenti, Chairman of the Motion Picture Association of America, and supported by the "Players' Guild," a group of arts experts and accomplished stage and screen actors. I hope we can interest you in an opinion editorial by . Galvanizing local support for the arts in and other communities is vital to maintaining interest in existing arts programs and building an audience for the future. I appreciate your consideration for publication and will call your office soon. Please feel free to contact for more information. Thank you. Regards, OPINION EDITORIAL You've had a long day on the job. Your boss is being unreasonable, and your company is downsizing again. The daily grind is demanding, and some days you aren't sure you can handle it all. You want a break, an escape into a world of larger emotions and greater drama where there is star-crossed love, jealousy, power, politics and more. What will it be — another night sitting on the couch watching reality television — or a transforming trip to the — for an evening of William Shakespeare? The human need to be lifted above everyday life and pressures is arguably more necessary today than it was centuries ago, and William Shakespeare fulfills this need powerfully. With their timeless themes of human emotion, Shakespeare's plays are as representative of the human condition as they were when he wrote them more than 400 years ago. The drama of political families, gang warfare, love and greed certainly resonate in today's society. As part of the National Endowment for the Arts' Shakespeare in American Communities national tour, drama emphasizing these themes will be presented at on in . Many Americans are surprised to learn of the extent to which Shakespeare is part of America's cultural history. His connection to this country dates back to our nation's founding. Shakespeare was the most widely-performed dramatist in America, and his works graced stages in both urban and rural settings — from the Jenny Lind Theatre in San Francisco to slave quarters, churches, saloons and steamboats. In many contemporary communities, however, the arts, including Shakespeare, are no longer the vital community component they once were. In fact, most Americans under the age of 1 8 have never seen a live play. Throughout time, the arts have played an integral role in molding the world's great societies. From ancient Greece to the Roman Empire, the leaders of these civilizations believed that great nations deserve great art. At the height of the Blitzkrieg during the Second World War, live theater thrived in Britain under extremely dire conditions. When asked if the theaters should be closed, Winston Churchill refused, saying, "Isn't this exactly what we are fighting for?" Although conditions are not as severe in America today and few would debate that our society benefits tremendously from a steady infusion of the arts, the arts are struggling for funding. The National Endowment of the Arts and are helping to keep the theater touring tradition alive through the Shakespeare in American Communities program. As part of a nationwide effort, the Arts Endowment has joined forces with Arts Midwest, a Minneapolis-based arts organization, and several diverse theater companies, including to bring the works of the greatest playwright in the English language to more than 100 communities in 50 states. Comedy and tragedy, romance and history will crisscross our nation in the form of four Shakespearean productions -A Midsummer Night 's Dream, Othello. Richard III and Romeo and Juliet - and reinvigorate the American theatrical touring tradition. The Bard once eloquently said, "all the world's a stage." We welcome you to our stage when Shakespeare in American Communities and present the production oi~ to on n o C/5 > tn NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES William Shakespeare ■ Shakespeare in American Communities will help to reinvigorate a popular American theatrical touring tradition. ■ William Shakespeare was the most widely-performed dramatist in America in both urban centers and rural towns. Productions of Shakespeare traveled to towns on the Eastern Seaboard, river towns along the Mississippi, and mining towns in the West. -In Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn, Romeo and Juliet and Richard III &xq performed in small Mississippi River towns. ■ Shakespearean works were performed in 2,000-seat theaters such as the Jenny Lind Theatre in San Francisco, as well as in saloons, churches, steamboats, and flatboats. ■ Acting troupes adapted performances to their audiences by performing in foreign languages and presenting abridged selections. ■ Shakespeare's works fit into the everyday life of American society because audiences connected with the universal themes of his plays. ■ Shakespeare was the popular entertainment of the day and resonated throughout society. National Endowment for the Arts ■ 1 100 Pennsylvania Vvenue, N.M • Washington, D.< 20506-0001 • WO NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES TALKING POINTS The Shakespeare in American Communities Tour National Endowment for the Arts, in cooperation with Arts Midwest, is bringing quality, professional theater productions of Shakespeare and related educational activities to Americans in small and mid-sized communities throughout the country. ■ Shakespeare in American Communities is the largest tour of Shakespeare in American history. ■ In addition to performances, the tours will include artistic and technical workshops, symposia about the production and educational programs in local schools (add specifics pertaining to your local performance). ■ The tour will reach all 50 states. ■ The initiative will demonstrate the benefits of theater touring and lead to further efforts to make professional theater a vital part of the cultural landscape of smaller communities. Participating Theater Companies Six professional theater companies were selected to tour Shakespeare plays to 100 venues from September 2003 to November 2004. ■ The Acting Company (New York, NY) - Richard HI ■ Aquila Theatre (New York, NY) - Othello ■ Arkansas Repertory Theatre (Little Rock, AR) - Romeo and Juliet ■ Artists Repertory Theatre (Portland, OR) —A Midsummer Night 's Dream - will perform with actors from the Central Dramatic Company of Vietnam ■ Chicago Shakespeare Theater (Chicago, IL) - Romeo and Juliet ■ Guthrie Theater (Minneapolis, MN) - Othello ■ In the process of adding a seventh theater to tour Macbeth to military bases in the United States Educational Components ■ Educational outreach is an integral component of the tour. ■ The National Endowment for the Arts will develop a teachers" resource packet that will include: a teachers' manual, brochure, timeline poster, audio CD, educational video, and bookmark. The teachers" manual will include suggested classroom activities, a biography on Shakespeare, fact sheets on Elizabethan Theater and the Shakespearean period, and guidelines for recitation contests. The brochure will include fun facts about Shakespeare — "Shakespeare Said It First." web quests, word searches, and SAT crossword puzzles. ■ The Arts Endowment hopes to establish a national Shakespeare poetry recitation contest for students as well as enlist famous actors and scholars to recite Shakespeare's work across the United States. National Endowment for the \mn • 1100 Pennsylvania Vvenue, N.V> • Washington, D.< 205064)00] • NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES Don't repeat a reporter's terminology unless you want to. He or she will often use colorful language to encourage you to do the same. His question probably won't appear in the final story, but your answer will. Make eye contact. Look directly into the eyes of the person talking to you. If there is a live audience, talk to various individuals in it. Distractions to avoid: Rapid hand movements (difficult for the camera to follow), fast, repetitive head movements, repeatedly clearing your throat, foot tapping and rolling your eyes upward when answering a question. Watch those repetitive words, "oh-oh" or "ah" or "like..." or "ummm" or "you know." Never assume you are off camera if you are still on the set while someone else is being interviewed. You may still be in camera or microphone range. TV and radio abhor silence. Don't be surprised if you are interrupted if you grasp for words or drop the tone of your voice. Keep your voice up until you have finished your thought so that you control the "sound bite," or segment chosen from the interview to be used on the evening news. When the show begins, be ready mentally and physically to deliver a good, uninterrupted statement or reply to the first question. Remember, it may be your last chance on that show, as other guests and the host will feel free to jump in after that. If you get nervous, remind yourself you are really only talking to one person - the host or interviewer, and treat it just that way. It's not a speech. It's a conversation. Above all, be on time, as directed. You may be required to be at the studio long before airtime. while earlier guests are being interviewed, or just minutes before your own spot. You won't know which until after you are there, so don't take any chances. National Endowment for the Arts • 1 100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.V\ • Washington, D.4 1 • 202.682.5400 NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES WAYS TO BE YOUR BEST ON TV/RADIO ■ If you know you are likely to be interviewed on TV, watch TV news interviews for a week or two. You can get a good idea of how questions are structured, how to look and how to prepare yourself. ■ If you are called for an interview, keep in mind that the total air play of your story, if you're top news, will be no more than 1 1/2 minutes. That means you get 30 seconds to tell your story; that's your maximum time. So think your topic through before you go on the air — or before your filmed interview starts. You must decide in advance how much of the story you can tell in 30 seconds. Don't plan to go in depth; the more you talk, the more chance there is of taking things out of context, editing, and misquoting. But do have in mind one or two major points that you want to get across in the finished story. ■ Welcome the interviewer and the questions. Take the attitude that he or she represents the public and that the public will be interested in your story. ■ Refer to the interviewer by name, early and often. Use the phrase "That's a very good question..." both to create time to collect your thoughts and to generate favor with the interviewer. ■ Remember that the TV reporter is not aware of how scared the interviewee may be. Reporters do so many interviews and are such experts in the interview situation that they forget about your feelings or nervousness. An experienced reporter will try to put you at ease by smiling and making small talk. ■ Remember that TV works under tight time constraints. Don't be alarmed if a reporter comes at you with a to-the-point question: that's his or her job. ■ The reporter wants your point of view or "message," not the whole story. His or her job is to ask the brief, incisive questions. BE PREPARED. ■ Short answers are better than long ones. A few sentences give the interviewer less opportunity to misunderstand or misquote you. On television, where time is measured in dollars, this is especially important ■ Interviewers want colorful language, not bureaucratic jargon. The more informal, the better. Some answers must be technical. When the opportunities arise, however, try to provide the human touch. The use of brief anecdotes can be effective. Don't be afraid to show the viewer how you feel. National Endowment for the Arts ■ 1100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.V\ • Washington, D.< 0001 • WO NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS Remember that the reporter will take each of your answers and use it to formulate the next question. So answer questions simply. Never - absolutely never - lie to a reporter. You don't have to expound; just be sure what you say is absolutely true. Be yourself. You are appearing not as an actor or actress, but rather as an informed and interesting person in your own right. SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES National Endowment for the Arts ■ 1 100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W ■ Washington, D.< 205004 1 • 20 100 NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES TIPS FOR THE MEDIA WISE ■ Make sure your points are relevant to the reporter's question. Do not try to bombard the reporter with too much information. ■ Be realistic in your answers. Look at each question from the public's point of view — establish a historical perspective and apply that point of view to its relevance in contemporary life. ■ Be positive in your answers. ■ Place your most important points at the beginning of each response where they will be clear and isolated. Reporters are delighted to have "the most important thing" flagged for their benefit. ■ Short answers are better than long ones. A concise answer gives the interviewer less opportunity to misunderstand you and lends itself to a better "sound bite." ■ If a reporter asks several questions at once or poses several false premises in asking a question, don't let this get by. You might reply, "Well, you've really raised several questions there. Let me respond to your main point first," etc. ■ If you absolutely must use jargon in an interview, make sure you define and explain it. ■ Don't let a reporter put words in your mouth. Occasionally, an interviewer will rephrase your response to a question and test it on you. It's a good policy to answer all questions that start. "Do you mean to say. .."with a clear, concise statement of what you do mean to say. ■ Don't feel obliged to accept the reporter's facts or figures. Start your response with something like. "I'm not familiar with your figures, but I'd like to respond to the main thrust of your question." if the statistics are new to you. If you know the correct figures and the reporter is wrong, straighten it out. If the reporter is right and you know it. don't feign ignorance. ■ Never answer a question that you don't understand. Ask the reporter to restate it. And, if you don't know an answer, say so. Don't bluff. National Endowment for the Arts • 1 100 Pennsylvania Wenue, N.V\ • Washington, DA 20506-0001 • 20 100 NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES MEDIA MATERIALS AND EVENTS By sharing your messages, you can participate in a variety of proactive and reactive situations, including one-on-one interviews with print and broadcast press. To garner positive coverage about the Shakespeare in American Communities tour, the following are some of the basic materials that will pique the interest of editors and reporters. ■ Media advisories: A media advisory is a document, generally one page long, that alerts the media to an event, such as the times and dates of the Shakespeare performance at your venue. Remember to send them out well in advance of the performances so that reporters can write a story leading up to the event as well as cover it. ■ Press releases: A press release is a document that announces a news item in a news story format. It is written in such a manner that if it were reprinted verbatim, it would tell your story precisely the way you want it told. ■ Fact sheets: Fact sheets are concise documents that isolate and explain the individual aspects of an issue. ■ Backgrounders: A backgrounder is a lengthy, detailed document that tells the story of an issue or event in a broad context, tying in all of the relative historical, political or other factors that shaped it, and positioning it as newsworthy. ■ Letters to the editor: A letter to the editor is a means of positioning your perspective on an issue in a credible public media forum, the letters page of a newspaper. ■ Opinion-editorial (Op-ed): An op-ed is written to position your opinion on the editorial page of a newspaper. The head of your venue could author an op-ed talking about the benefits that a Shakespeare performance will bring to your community. National Endowment for the \ik • 1 100 Pennsylvania Vvenue, N. \> ■ Washington, D.( 20506-0001 • 20 WO NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES TIPS ON PITCHING STORIES TO LOCAL MEDIA ■ Use regional angles to localize the national tour story. For example, explain how your town fits into the philosophy behind the tour and what high-quality Shakespeare performances will mean to your community. ■ Be creative, but to the point. Reporters are often in a rush and have limited time to listen to your story over the phone. It is important to list priorities of what you want to say before picking up the phone. ■ Reporters are sure to ask you a number of questions. Questions will likely include: How many towns/states will the tour reach? How much does the performance/tour cost (in your town and nationally)? What theater companies are involved and what are their backgrounds? Make sure you are prepared with the necessary information to answer these basic questions. ■ Remember to contact the appropriate reporter(s) at your local paper/radio/TV station. Make sure the reporter has covered arts and entertainment issues in the past and might have an interest in the tour. ■ If contacting a TV station, think through what kind of visuals you can offer for a segment on the local news. Is there file footage or B-roll that you can offer to the local stations? Can the educational activities be opened to television cameras? ■ Suggest additional resources. Give reporters contact information for the theater company that will be coming to your area as well as a spokesperson from the National Endowment for the Arts to talk about the goals of the national tour. ■ Avoid calling reporters during their deadlines, such as before top-of- the-hour news broadcasts. Find out the deadlines for your local newspapers and television stations in advance. It is usually best not to call after 4 p.m. Make sure that you are getting reporters your messages and information well in advance of their deadlines — when you have a story to tell, don't tell it to a reporter past deadline. Also, whenever a reporter calls, you should immediately ask their deadline. Armed with this information, you can move at the appropriate pace to respond to his/her inquiry. National Endowment for the Arts • 1 100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W • Washington, D.< 20506-000] • 100 NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES CAPTURING THE MEDIA'S ATTENTION A fundamental goal of your communications effort is to tell your story and impart your messages. To do this, you must first get the media's attention. One way, of course, is to maintain contact with reporters and respond to their requests. But you also can be more assertive in building a strong relationship with the press. Creating a Hook One of the most challenging aspects of a communications director's job is to generate coverage. To do this, you must create a "hook," an aspect of the story that makes it interesting or distinctive. Often, the Shakespeare performance in your town will be enough of a hook, particularly if live, professional theater is not a regular visitor to your area. When trying to convince a reporter to cover a story relating to the Shakespeare performance at your venue, it is essential you convince the reporter that your story will grab his/her audience's attention. Monitoring the media will assist you in finding hooks. Below, we have listed several questions to ask yourself as you create a hook. ■ What audiences will this story appeal to? ■ Why will an audience care about this story? ■ How will this story affect the lives of these audiences? How will it make their lives better? ■ How have similar stories been covered in the past? ■ What perspective does this particular media outlet take on this issue? What will make them receptive to this story idea? With the answers to these questions, you can begin to weave a finely- tailored news hook for your story. You should remember that hooks will vary depending on which media outlet you pitch. For example, your hook may be very different for a newspaper or television news broadcast. National Endowment for the Vita • L 100 Pennsylvania Kvenue, N.W, • Washington, D.4 205064)00] • 100 SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES UNDERSTANDING THE MEDIA You and the reporter have the same goal - accurate, timely communication of information - but different motives. You both want to tell a story, but your stories are not always the same story. When those two stories are the same, accomplishing the goal is easy. When the stories are different, your goal is tougher to achieve because the reporter ultimately is the communicator. However, your goal still can be achieved as long as you maintain your perspective on the story. When dealing with a reporter who knows little about Shakespeare and theater or does not share your perspective, do your best to educate them. Understand the reporter's level of knowledge and his needs, and provide as much of the requested follow-up information as you can. The news media is comprised of individuals who have a job or an assignment to do. They have individual levels of knowledge and they may have biases, as we all do, but you will find the vast majority to be reasonable, receptive and eager to learn. People seldom have the time to research a subject as much as you or they would like. Instead, they depend on you to work with them in getting the whole picture. Be patient with them and provide helpful information. Many reporters are skeptical, by training if not by nature, so accept it. Your part of the equation is to supply useful, accurate and meaningful data without losing sight of your point of view. The success of your approach depends largely upon your ability to understand the relationship between you and the reporter and your knowledge of your role. The type of story a reporter is writing will dictate how information you provide will be used. The types of stories you are most likely to be contacted for are: Local angles, your theater's primary focus or history Profiles/spokesperson/interviews Current news stories that may relate to the Arts Endowment Feature articles Photography /graphics/illustrative pieces Each story type has its own distinct personality and purpose. Familiarize yourself with types of stories by reading examples in the current press. Then when a reporter tells you the type of story he or she is writing, you will have a better idea of how the information you provide will be used. National Endowment for the tots • 11 00 Pennsylvania \\cmu . \ \\ • Washington, D.I 20 ■ 100 C/5 r> r> en > to NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES TOOL KIT OVERVIEW The National Endowment for the Arts, in cooperation with Arts Midwest, is proud to present Shakespeare in American Communities, the largest tour of William Shakespeare's works in our nation's history. This exemplary project will present professional theatrical productions of Shakespeare's plays and offer special educational programs in 100 communities in 50 states throughout the country. Enclosed you will find a media tool kit, designed to help you, the theater companies and presenters, make the most of this shared opportunity. This toolkit provides resources, including sample press materials and tips to help you publicize the performances in your local communities. The strategies, tools and tips are designed to make your messages and communications efforts as effective and compelling as possible. These materials and additional installments can be found online at www.shakespeareinamericancommunities.org . This installment includes: ■ Talking points on Shakespeare in American Communities ■ A guide on working with the media ■ An op-ed and corresponding pitch letter We hope you find this tool kit helpful in your publicity efforts. Since every communications/public relations department has different needs, budgets and levels of experience, some of the information may be more useful to you than others. Please leaf through it and choose the materials and tactics that work best for you. Good luck! National Endowment for the Arts ■ 11 00 Pennsylvania Wenue, N.W • Washington, D.< _'"' 0001 • NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS PRESENTS SHAKESPEARE IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES Dear Friend, Once again, thank you for your commitment to the Shakespeare in American Communities project. With your help, Shakespeare in American Communities will introduce a new generation of audiences to the greatest playwright in the English language. The tour will reinvigorate the theater touring tradition and strengthen arts in America. We look forward to our continued work together to make this program a success! All the best, 535aa*. ^fe^ Dana Gioia Chairman National Endowment for the Arts National Endowment for the Arts • 1100 Pennsylvania Vvenue, N.V> • Washington, D.4 20506-0001 • 205 S on n r> to H on en g HHH HHHHHHUMH fir ■MET HSH! ■ I ■fa HHHHH , H Hf Vfl HI in ■H ^B» Ira*! H 3 HYhYJ fin hBI INS H ■ • HI * - • ■ • ■l .' ■■ ■ . » > . 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