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PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICAPREFATORY NOTE

Grorce Wasuincron’s life is divided, naturally,
into four distinct periods. The first period is his
youth and manhood in the service of his native
state and his life as a Colonial gentleman; the sec-
ond is his service of eight years as Commander-in-
chief of the armies of the nation he so largely
helped to create; the third is his service as the first
President of that nation and the fourth is the short
span of life granted to him after his retirement as
President of the United States.

This volume is the record of Washington from
the day of his birth until June 15, 1775, when his
life as a Colonial gentleman definitely ended. A
similar record, from this date to the day of his
death has been compiled by the late William
Spohn Baker, of Philadelphia, in two volumes,
published in 1892 and 1898 as the Itinerary of
General Washington from June 15, 1775, to De-
cember 23, 1783, and Washington after the Revo-
lution, 1784-1799. These two excellent pieces of
work have been long out of print and are now so
scarce that they can be consulted only in the larger
libraries of the country. Such a mass of addi-
tional material has become available since their
publication that they can be considerably amplified

1XX

  
  

Preratory Notre

and made so much more completely informative

that it is to be hoped that a way may be found to

include a revised edition of them among the activi-

ties of the approaching bi-centenary celebration of

the birth of George Washington.

George Washington: Colonial Traveller, now
supplies the first and hitherto missing record of this

character, in Washington’s life. In building it up

every available record within reach of the author

was consulted and every authentic source drawn
upon. Because of the difficulty in accumulating
trustworthy information as to Washington’s early

years such data as were unearthed have been used
in their entirety with the unexpected result that a
substantial revision of the hitherto accepted story
of Washington’s boyhood is necessary. It does not

seem probable that much more documentary ma-
terial can have survived and while it is not claimed
that the facts here presented completely refute
many of the traditions of Washington’s childhood
it is confidently submitted that this documentary
evidence interferes with those traditions to a sub-

stantial degree.

It is impossible, in the light of these records, to
continue to accept the traditional story of George
Washington’s Westmoreland days, and the prob-
ability that he stayed a longer time in Stafford
County with the Washingtons of “Chotank” than

he did at the Rappahannock farm, at Nomoni, orPreratTory Note Xl

at Bridges Creek, is strongly indicated. In no
other way can the bequests in his will, to the friends
of his youth, Lawrence and Robert Washington,
be explained. How Washington, after years of
non-interecourse, could have remembered these two
men as he did, unless he had spent so many days
with them when a boy that the memory of them
was indelibly impressed upon his recollection, is
a difficult problem for the biographer; and so diffi-
cult has it proved that none of them, so far as the
editor is aware, have ever attempted to explain it.
It has always been ignored.

Few inhabitants of Colonial America travelled
the country so widely or so continuously as did
George Washington and it is not too much to sup-
pose that this acquaintance with his native land
had a decided bearing upon that broad patriotism
which was his distinguishing mark from the mo-
ment he took command of the Continental armies.
In this, the first period of his life, he travelled from
Williamsburg, Virginia, to Lake Erie, from Mount
Vernon to the Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, and
Fort Pitt, from Winchester, up the Shenandoah
Valley to the North Carolina line, from Mount
Vernon to Ohio and lower West Virginia beyond
the Alleghany Mountains, from Williamsburg into
the Great Dismal Swamp and from Mount Vernon
to Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York and Boston,
not to mention a voyage to the West Indies, fre-Xi Preratory Notre

quent trips to Annapolis, Maryland, and the many
times he travelled up and down the “Northern
Neck” to attend the sessions of the Burgesses at
old Williamsburg. In these last mentioned jour-
neys he often crossed into Maryland, to recross
again into Virginia and vice versa, to avoid the
mud and heavy going of the old Potomac path
down the west bank of that river. The journeys
to Williamsburg, from Mount Vernon, by way of
Fredericksburg or Port Tobacco, Maryland, were
made so many times that it is regrettable that none
of the old inns, or “‘ordinaries,” at which Wash-
ington was wont to stay, have survived. ‘The state
of Virginia is now earnestly at work upon a system
of markers, or tablets, for its historic spots and
the locations of the more important, at least, of
these hostelries will, doubtless, be fixed as a result;
but as the buildings themselves disappeared long
before photography was recognized as a valuable
art, there is small likelihood that authentic pic-
tures of many of them will ever be found.

Prior to Washington’s marriage and while he
was in command on the frontier, he travelled, al-
most entirely, on horseback and there are indica-
tions that the excessive and hard riding of those
frontier days was largely responsible for one of
the severe illnesses of his life. Excepting the
western plainsmen of later days, there are fewPreratory Note xXill

Americans who have spent so much of their lives
in the saddle as did George Washington and few
parallels can be found in American history for the
riding performed by him in his services to his state
and to the nation. Nearly all of the riding, dur-
ing the period covered by this volume, was through
regions wild, or sparsely settled, minus the ad-
vantages of good roads and frequently upon noth-
ing better than an Indian trail or hunting path,
exposed many times to the arrow or bullet of the
savage.

The journeys to Williamsburg, being through
a settled country, and being often made with Mrs.
Washington, were made in a “chair” or gig and
not infrequently also, when the Custis children
were taken along, in the Washington coach.

In assembling the data for Washington’s move-
ments during this first period of his life his diaries
have been freely drawn upon and the assistance
derived from the published edition of them by the
Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association of the Union
is gratefully acknowledged. Authority for the
statements made and quotations given rests in the
great collection of Washington Papers in the Li-
brary of Congress and, unless otherwise stated, all
citations are from documents found therein. The
dates given herein are those on which Washington
moved from one place to another, and it is to beX1V PrEFATORY NOTE

assumed that he continued in each place until a
change is noted. In the days at Mount Vernon,
when he went to such near-by places as Pohick and
Alexandria, he returned to Mount Vernon the
same day, unless otherwise stated. No attention
was paid to the daily rides around the Mount Ver-
non farms, to the mill and other places upon the
estate, as such details would swell this publication
beyond reason without compensating advantage;
the Diaries, published by the Mount Vernon
Ladies’ Association, give these activities and meve-
ments and should be consulted where these details
are needed.

With this volume, and the two by Mr. Baker,
we now have, for the first time, the continuous
record of Washington’s life, from his birth to his
death, a record of basic fact which is the founda-
tion framework of every biography or history of
George Washington.

JoHN C. FITzpAtrick.
Washington, D. C.
May, 1927CHAPTER
I
Il

III

IV
V

VI
VII
VIII
IX

XI
XII

CONTENTS

A Virainta Bovuoop: 1732-1751

Ocean Voyvace; A WILDERNEsS MEssAGE AND
His First War: 1751-1755

Dereat; Fame; A_ Frontier ComMAND:
1755-1757 . ; : ‘ ‘

Tue Farmer BurcGess: 1758-1760

Pranration Lire: 1761-1764

Mount Vernon Days: 1765-1768

GATHERING CLoups: 1768-1769

Western Lanps: 1770

Tue Onto River Journey: 1770

WILuiAMsBpuRG AND ANNAPOLIS GAYETIES:
1771-1773

Famity Arrairs: 1774 Se Ee

Tue Comine Storm; THe ContTINENTAL Con-
Gress anD War: 1774-1775

INDEX .

b CO oe
nm oO ~ og

wm Ww Ww = bet
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284
348

369GEORGE WASHINGTON:
COLONIAL TRAVELLERGeorge Washington:

Colonial Traveller
CHAPTER I
A VrireintaA BoyHoop: 1732-1751
1732

Frepsruary 11, Friday. Bridges Creek, West-
moreland County, Virginia.

« . Augustine then married [Mary] Ball,
March 6, 1730-1 by whom he had issue George,
born February 11 (old style) 1782... 2—
Washington to Sir Isaac Heard, 1792, May 2.

Aprit 5, Thursday. Bridges Creek.

“George Washington Son to Augustine and
Mary his wife was born ye 11th Day of February
about 10 in the Morning and was baptized the 5th
of April following Mr. Beverley Whiting and
Capt. Christopher Brooks godfathers and Mrs.
Mildred Gregory Godmother.”—Entry in Wash-
ington Bible at Mount Vernon.

1733

Moncure D. Conway in The Barons of the Po-

tomac and Rappahannock prints a letter which
12 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1732

tends to show that at some time during this year
Augustine Washington and Mary Ball Washing-
ton took their infant son George on a visit to the
Ball homestead on the lower Rappahannock River.

1732-1735

1732-1735. Bridges Creek.

The Washington homestead, of which no au-
thentic pictures appear to have survived, was al-
ways alluded to by George Washington himself
as Bridges Creek, or Westmoreland. The Wash-
ington lands immediately surrounding the home-
stead were bounded on the east by Pope’s Creek,
and Bridges Creek flowed through about the mid-
dle of them. The name “Wakefield” seems to
have been given to the property after Augustine
Washington’s death and, it is supposed, was taken
from the name of a land holding of the Washing-
tons in England.

Novemsper—Epsewassen, or Little Hunting
Creek, on the Potomac.
Augustine Washington, father of George, was
sworn in as a vestryman of Truro Parish, Novem-
ber 18, 1735.—Minute Book of Truro Parish.

1736-1739

1736-1739. Little Hunting Creek.
Augustine Washington was, apparently, in1742 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 3

England from October, 1736, to June, 1737. On
the flyleaf of A Complete View of the British
Customs, in the Boston Athenzum, is written:
“Augustine Washington his Book bought ye 4th
of May 1737 of ye Booksellers under ye Royal
Exchange Cost 7 Shillings.” It is assumed that
Mary Washington and the children lived at Little
Hunting Creek during Augustine’s absence.

1739-1742

1739-1742. “River Farm” (so-called) on the
north bank of the Rappahannock River, King
George County, Virginia.

According to tradition the home at Little Hunt-
ing Creek was burnt in 1739 or 1740. Conway in
The Barons, etc., prints a letter from a Mr. Yates,
dated 1741, congratulating Augustine Washing-
ton on his son’s escape from the fire. Augustine
Washington and his family were established on
the farm, nearly opposite Fredericksburg, prior to
April 20, 1742, as on that day he was elected a
trustee of the town of Fredericksburg.—Ms. Min-
ute Book of the Town Trustees.

1742

SEPTEMBER 27. King George County.

Deed of land transfer from Augustine Washing-
ton, of Brunswick Parish, King George County,
of land in Westmoreland, to his brother, John4 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1743

Washington.—Westmoreland Records. Another
deed of similar import, dated December 3, 1742,
was recorded in Westmoreland April 1, 1743.

1743

Aprit 12, Thursday. King George County.

“Augustine departed this life April 12th, 1743
aged 49 years and was interred at Bridges Creek
in the Vault of his Ancestors.”"—Z'o Sir Isaac
Heard, 1792, May 2.

1743-1746

1743-1746. King George County (the “River
Farm,” Rappahannock River), Stafford
County (“Chotank”) and, probably, Mount
Vernon.

Little documentary evidence of these years is
available. ‘They are the schoolboy years of George
Washington and, apparently, the information
available as to his schools and teachers, comes to
us from two clergymen of those days, one an unre-
strained romanticist and the other a man with a
grudge against Virginia and the Virginians—the
Reverend Mason Locke Weems and the Reverend
Jonathan Boucher. John Marshall and Washing-
ton Irving, the two biographers of Washington
who were in the best position to record the facts,
neglected to do so.

It was in this period that the midshipman idea~

1747 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 5

developed. Joseph Ball’s letter of May 19,1747,
to his sister (George Washington’s mother) is
about the only surviving record. It still exists in
the original Ball Letter Book and is printed in
Hayden’s Virginia Genealogies and elsewhere.

L747

Juty 29, Wednesday. Stafford County (“Cho-
tank”), Virginia.

“To Cash Pd. Mr. Lewis for 500lb 1d. Nails
1/.”. Account with Bailey Washington, son of
Henry Washington of Stafford—Cash Account
Book (Toner Transcript) LC.

Avaust 18, Tuesday. Stafford (“Chotank’’).
“Then Survey’d the following Piece of Land at
one Station in the School House Oldfield bounded
as pr. field Book . . .”.—Weashington Papers, LC.
“Chotank” was a somewhat indeterminate region, the
lower part of Stafford and the upper part of Westmore-
land Counties. The name has disappeared long since. In
Washington’s time it seems to have been a part of King
George as well as Stafford and extended as high up as
Potomac Creek. The older maps show a Chotank Creek
emptying into the Potomac to the west of what is now
Mathias Point; but this name also has disappeared.

Avuecust 24, Monday. Stafford (“Chotank’’).
“Then Survey’d at two Stations for Mr. John6 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1747

Washington ye following Field the Course and
distances as follows . . .”.—Washington Papers,
LC.

It is difficult to determine whether this John Wash-
ington was the son of Lawrence, of ““Chotank” or John,
the uncle of George. If the latter, George Washington

was, on this date, in Westmoreland County.

SEPTEMBER 10, Thursday. Stafford (‘“Cho-
tank.’ ).

“To two Books 2/6.” Account with Bailey

Washington.—Cash Account Book (Toner
wrans.) LC.

SEPTEMBER 20, Sunday. Stafford (‘“Chotank’’).

“By a two foot Gunter 1/3.” Account with
Bailey Washington.—Cash Account Book. op. cit.

A Gunter scale, or rule, named from its inventor,
Edmund Gunter, an English mathematician, is a plane
scale, usually two feet in length, engraved with line num-
bers, representing chords, sines, tangents, etc., on one
side and on the other the artificial, or logarithmic num-
bers, so that problems in trigonometry may be solved
easily and mechanically, by the use of a pair of dividers,
or compass.

Octoser 1, Thursday. Stafford (‘“Chotank”).
“Then Survey’d the following Piece of Land for

Mr. Richard Roe . . .”—Washington Papers, LC.

Ocroser 7, Wednesday. Stafford (“Chotank’’).
“To Cash lent you 2/ 10 1/2.” Account with1748 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER fh

Lawrence Washington, of Stafford.—Cash Ac-

count Book, op. cit.
1748

January 11, Monday. Stafford (“Chotank’”).

“By cash paid Robert Washington 1/3.” —Cash
Account Book, op. cit.

“To the acquaintances and friends of my Ju-
venile years Lawrence Washington and Robert
Washington of Chotanck I give my other two gold
headed Canes, having my Arms engraved on them;
and to each (as they will be useful where they live)
I leave one of the Spy-glasses which constituted
part of my Equipage during the late War.’—
Washington's Will.

This Lawrence Washington is thought to be the son
of John Washington and Mary Massy, of St. Paul’s
Parish, born March 81, 1727-28. Conway’s George
Washington and Mount Vernon (Bklyn. 1899), xxi, notes
that Townshend Washington, the brother of John, had

a son Robert.

Frsruary 27, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“A Plan of Major Law: Washington's 'Tur-
nep Field as Survey’d by Me This 27 Day of Feb-
ruary 1747/8 GW.”—Washington Papers, LC.

Marcu 2, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“By Cash 1/ 7 1/2.” Account with Mrs. Anne
Washington, wife of Major Lawrence.—Cash Ac-

count Book, op. cit.8 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1748

Marcu 11, Friday. Sets out from Belvoir for
the country beyond the Blue Ridge Moun-
tains.

“In company with George Fairfax, Exqr. we
travell’d this day 40 miles to Mr. George Neavels
in Prince William County.”—Duary, LC.

George William Fairfax was the son of the Honorable
William Fairfax and seven years Washington’s senior.
He went to England before the Revolutionary War and
did not return to America. Belvoir, the home of the
Honorable William Fairfax and later owned by George
William Fairfax, was on the west bank of the Potomac,

below Mount Vernon.

Marcu 12, Saturday. Crosses the Blue Ridge
Mountains.

“Mr. James Genn ye surveyor came to us, we
travell’d over ye Blue Ridge to Capt. Ashby’s on
the Shannondoah River.’—Dhiary.

Neavil’s was in what is now Auburn, Fauquier County.
Genn was the County Surveyor of Prince William County.
Ashby was Captain John Ashby who kept the ferry from
where the Winchester road crosses the Shenandoah; he
was the son of Thomas Ashby from whom Ashby’s Bent,
or Gap, in the Blue Ridge was named.

Marcu 13, Sunday. At the site of the future
“Greenway Court,” Frederick County, Vir-
oinia.

o
“Rode to his Lordships Quarter about 4 miles
higher up ye River.”—Dniary.March] COLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 9

Marcu 14, Monday. Pennington’s on the Shen-
andoah River.
‘Went ourselves down ye River about 16 miles

to Capt. Isaac Penningtons . . . in order to Lay
off some Lands on Cates and Long Marsh.”—
Diary.

Cates and Long Marsh were between North Mountain

and the Shenandoah.

Marcu 15, Tuesday. Surveying on the marshes.
At Pennington’s.

‘we got our Suppers & was Lighted into a Room
& I not being so good a Woodsman as ye rest of
my Company striped myself very orderly & went
into ye Bed as they call it when to my Surprize I
found it to be nothing but a Little Straw—Matted
together without Sheets or anything else but only
one thread Bear blanket with double its weight of
Vermin such as Lice, Fleas &e I was glad to get
up (as soon as ye Light was carried from us) I
put on my Cloths & Lay as my Companions. Had
we not been very tired I am sure we should not
have slep’d much that night.”—Duary.

Marcu 16, Wednesday. Surveying on_ the
marshes; arrives at Winchester.

“We set out early & finish’d about one o’Clock
& then Travell’d up to Frederick Town where our
Baggage came to us we cleaned ourselves (to get
Rid of y. Game we had catched y. Night before)10 GroRGE WASHINGTON [1748

& took a Review of y. Town & thence return’d to
our Lodgings.’—Diuary.
Frederick Town was the name by which the settlement,

later called Winchester, was then known.

Marcu 17, Thursday. Winchester; reached An-
drew Campbell’s.
“Rain’d till Ten oClock and then clearing we
reached as far as Major Campbell.” —Duary.
Major Campbell’s was about twenty-five miles down
the Shenandoah from Winchester. He had been a burgess

from Frederick County in 1745.

Marcu 18—19, Friday and Saturday. Leaves
Campbell’s and arrives at Thomas Barwick’s
on the Potomac River.

“We Travell’d up about 35 Miles to Thomas
Barwicks on Potomack ... we this day [18th]
all’d to see y. Fam’d Warm Springs we camped
out in y. field this Night.”—Duary.

Barwick’s or Berwick’s was above what is now Harpers
Ferry. The Warm Springs of Bath, or Berkeley, now

Morgan County, West Virginia.

Marcu 20, Sunday. Berwick’s.
acs ‘ . X z
in y. Evening Swam our horses over and car-
ried them to Charles Polks in Maryland for Pas-
” Shae
turage.’—Diuary.
Marcu 21, Monday. Leaves Berwick’s; arrives
at Colonel Thomas Cresap’s, opposite the
mouth of the South Branch of the Potomac.March | COLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 11

‘We went over in a Canoe & travell’d up Mary-
land side all y. Day in a Continued Rain to Collo.
Cresaps’... about 40 Miles from Polks:7—
Diary.

Cresap’s settlement came to be known as “Old Town.”

Marcu 22, Tuesday. Cresap’s.
“Continued Rain and y. Freshes kept us at

Cresaps.”—Diary.

Marcu 23, Wednesday. Cresap’s.

“Rain’d till about two oClock and Clear’d when
we were agreeably surpris’d at y. sight of thirty
odd Indians coming from War with only one
Scalp We had some Liquor with us of which we
gave them Part it elevating there Spirits put them
in y. Humour of Dauncing of whom we had a
War Daunce there manner of Dauncing is as fol-
lows Viz They clear a Large Circle and make a
Great Fire in y. middle they seats themselves
around it y. Speaker makes a grand speech telling
them in what Manner they are to Daunce after he
has finished y. best Dauncer Jumps up as one
awaked out of a Sleep and runs and Jumps about
y. Ring in a most comical Manner he is followed by
y. Rest then begins there Musicians to Play ye.
Musick is a Pot half [full] of Water with a Deer-
skin Stretched over it as tight as it can and a goard
with some Shott in it to Rattle and a Piece of an
horses Tail tied to it to make it look fine y. one12 GrorGE WASHINGTON (1748
keeps Rattling and y. other Drumming all y. while
y. others is Dauncing.”—Duary.

Marcu 25, Friday. Leaves Cresap’s; arrives at
Abram Johnston’s, fifteen miles above the
mouth of Patterson’s Creek.

“Left Cresaps and went up to y. mouth of Pat-
ersons Creek and there swam our Horses over got
over ourselves in a Canoe and traveld up y. follow-
ing Part of y. Day to Abram Johnstones.”—Diary.

Patterson’s Creek empties into the Potomac about

twelve miles below Cumberland.

Marcu 26, Saturday. eaves Johnston’s; ar-
rives at Hedges’.
“Travelld up ye Creek to Solomon Hedges Esqr.
one of his Majestys Justices of ye Peace for ye
County of Frederick.’’—Diary.

Marcu 27, Sunday. Leaves Hedges’; arrived at
Van Meter’s on the South Branch of the Po-
tomac.

“Travell’d over to y. South Branch attended
with y. Esqr to Henry Vanmetriss.”—Diary.

Marcu 28, Monday. Leaves Van Meter’s; arrives
at James Rutledge’s.
“Travell’d up y Branch about 30 Miles to Mr.
James Rutlidges Horse Jockey and about 70 Miles
from ye Mouth.”—Duary.A pril | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 13

Marcu 29, Tuesday. In vicinity of Rutledge’s.
“This Morning went out and Survey’d five
Hundred Acres of Land and went down to one
Michael Stumps on ye. So Fork of ye. Branch
on our way Shot two Wild Turkies.”—Duary.

Marcu 30-31, Wednesday and Thursday. Camp
at Michael Stump’s.

“This Morning began our Intended Business of
Laying of Lots we began at ye. Boundary Line of
ye Northern 10 Miles above Stumps and run of
two Lots and returned to Stumps The Courses
and Distances of ye. Several Lots lay’d of on ye
So Fork of Wappacomo.”’—Duary.

Wappacomo was the Indian name for the
South Branch of the Potomac River.

Apri 6, Wednesday. Broke camp at Stump’s
and returned to Van Meter’s.

“Travell’d down ye Branch to Henry Vanme-
tris’s on our Journey was catched in a very heavy
Rain we got under a Straw House untill ye Worst
of it was over and then continued our Journey.’—
Diary.

Aprit 7, Thursday. Van Meter’s; travelled to
Peter Casey’s about two miles from Van
Meter’s.

“T heard that Mr. Fairfax was come up and at

1 Peter Casseys about 2 Miles of in ye. same Old14 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1748

Field I then took my Horse and went up to see
him we eat our Dinners and Walked down to Van-
metris’s we stayed about two Hours and Walked
back again and slept in Casseys House which was
ye first Night I had slept in a House since I came
to ye Branch.’—Driuary.

Aprin 8, Friday, Casey’s; camp near the Trough,
seven or eight miles below Casey’s.

“we breakfasted at Casseys and Rode down to
Vanmetris’s to get all our Company together
which when we had accomplished we Rode down
below ye. Trough in order to Lay of Lots there we
laid of one this day The Trough is [a] couple of
Ledges of Mountain Impassable running side and
side together for above 7 or 8 Miles and ye River
down between them you must Ride Round ye back
of ye. Mountain for to get below them we Camped
this Night in ye Woods near a Wild Meadow.” —

Diary.

Apri 9, Saturday. Camp below the Trough, on
the South Branch; at John Collins’.
“about 4 or 5 oClock in ye Evening we then
took our Leaves of ye. Rest of our Company Road
Down to John Colins in order to set off next Day

homewards.”—Duary.

Apriz 10, Sunday. Leaves Collins’; arrives at
Coddy’s on the Great Cacapehon.A pril| CoLONIAL 'TRAVELLER 15

 

“We took our farewell of ye. Branch and trav-
ell’d over Hills and Mountains to 1 Coddys on
Great Cacapehon about 40 Miles.”—Duary.

Arrit 11, Monday. On the road from the Great
Cacapehon to Winchester.

‘We Travell’d from Coddys down to Frederick
Town where we Reached about 12 oClock we
dined in Town and then went to Capt. Hites and
Lodged.” —Diary.

Captain Jost Hite lived a short distance outside of
Frederick Town. He disputed Lord Fairfax’s claim to
some of the Northern Neck lands and the case was in the

English courts for many years.

Aprin 12, T'wesday. On the road from Frederick
to the east side of the Blue Ridge; arrives at
West's.

“We set of from Capt. Hites in order to go over
Wms. Gap about 20 Miles and after Riding about
20 Miles we had 20 to go for we had lost ourselves
and got up as High as Ashbys Bent we did get
over Wms. Gap that Night and as low as Wm.
Wests in Fairfax County 18 Miles from ye Top
of ye. Ridge This day [we] see a Rattled Snake
ye first we had seen in all our Journey.”—Diary.

Williams’ Gap, later known as Snickers’ Gap and now
called Bluemont. West’s Ordinary, kept successively for

three generations by William, Charles, and Thomas West,

and after the Revolution known as “Lacy’s,” is a land-

mark still standing at the head of the Bull Run Mountain16 GrorcGE WASHINGTON [1748
near the modern village of Aldie, in what was Fairfax

County in 1748, but ten years later became Loudoun.

Aprit 13, Wednesday. Arrives at Mount Vernon.
“Mr Fairfax got safe home and I myself safe
to my Brothers which concludes my Journal.” —
Diary.
Junr 2, Thursday. Stafford County (“Cho-
tank’), Virginia.
“By Cash received 2/ 10 1/2.” Account with
Lawrence Washington, of Stafford——Cash Ac-

count Book, op. cit.

JUNE 3, Friday. Stafford (‘“Chotank’’).
“By Cash paid Betty Drummond 3 3/4d.” Ac-
count with Robert Washington, Junior.—Cash Ac-

count Book, op. cit.

Junsr 4, Saturday. King George County, Vir-
ginia.

“To Cash won at Billiards 1/3.” Account with
Thomas Turner, of King George County.—Cash
Account Book, op. cit.

Thomas Turner was long a burgess for King George
and Clerk of the Assembly. His place was on the Rap-

pahannock River, opposite Port Royal.

Jury 13, Wednesday. Stafford (“Chotank’”’).
“By Cash received 2/6.” Account with Bailey

Washington.—Cash Accownt Book, op. cit.August | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 17

Jury 15, Friday. Yorktown, Virginia.

“To Cash paid Mr. Mitchell for Ribbons £1.3.0.”
—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

By the account of Fielding Lewis, in Ledger A of the
Washington Papers, it appears that Mitchell was in
Yorktown and by Mrs. Mary Washington’s account in
the Cash Account Book, it seems that she sent George
1/ 6 3/4 which he received July 18 and promptly added
to his purchase of ribbons, one glass ring which brought
his total expenditures up to the 1/ 6 3/4 sent him by his

mother.

Jury 28, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“To Cash paid a Maryland woman for you 4/9.”
Account with Mrs. Anne Washington.—Cash Ac-
count Book, op. cit.

Mrs. Anne Washington (Anne Fairfax,) daughter of
the Honorable William Fairfax and wife of Lawrence

Washington, of Mount Vernon.

Avecust 15, Monday. Falls of the Potomac.

“Mem to charge. . . . also Major Laws: Wash-
ington with 1/3 lent the 15 of August 5/9 the 17th
Do 2/6 Do.”

Probably the Great Falls of the Potomac, though it
may have been the Little Falls. Lawrence Washington
was a member of the first Ohio Company and it is not too
much to assume that he was responsible for the early
awakening in George Washington’s mind of a life-long

interest in the Potomac navigation idea.

Avueust 17, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“To Cash lent you to pay Ned Bernard Exp18 GrorcE WASHINGTON [1748

5/9.” Account with Lawrence Washington, of
Mount Vernon.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Avucust—Alexandria, Virginia.

“The Courses of the Town of Alexandria. The
Meanders of the River.” —Diary.

The figures only are given in the Diary for 1748; the
plat, which seems to be the one drawn by Washington,

from these calculations, in the Library of Congress.

SEPTEMBER 10, Saturday. Fredericksburg, Vir-
ginia.

~To Cash pd. ye Musick Master for my entrance

3/9.” Account with Mrs. Mary Washington.

—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 22, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“To Cash won at Loo Mrs. Wallaces 9/8.”
—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 24, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
~To Cash paid at the Shooting Match 3/1 1/2.”
—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Octoser 4, T’wesday. Fredericksburg.

“To Cash lent you at Woodward’s 5/.” Account
with John Lewis, a son of Colonel Fielding Lewis.
—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Octoser 6, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“By one Dubloon £4.6.7.”> Account with Mrs.
Mary Washington.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.1749 | COLONIAL TRAVELLER 19

OcrosER 22, Saturday. Westmoreland County,
Virginia.

“To Cash won at Whist down at Nomony 7/6.”

Account with Augustine Washington.—Cash Ac-

count Book, op. cit.

Augustine (Austin) Washington, the half-brother of
George, inherited the Bridges Creek homestead from his
father.

Octosrer 26, Wednesday. Bridges Creek, West-
moreland.

“By one Bottle of Peach Brandy 1/3.” Account

with Augustine Washington.—Cash Account

Book, op. cit.

Novemser 7, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“To Cash lent you at Col. Carters 2/6.” Account
with John Lewis.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.
Thus apparently, Washington was in King George
County at some time between October 26 and November
7. Colonel Carter’s is noted on Fry & Jefferson’s map
of 1775, as about three miles above Falmouth.

1749

Frsruary 5, Sunday. Bridges Creek, West-
moreland.
“By Cash in full...” Account with Augus-
tine Washington—Cash Account Book, op. ctt.

The amount in this item is left blank in the manuscript ;20 GrorcGE WASHINGTON [1749

it, apparently, is the closing out of an account that was

not expected to reopen for some time.

Frpruary 14, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“To Cash at Loo 5/.” Account with Major
Lawrence Washington.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.

Loo, or Lu, was popular as one of the “round games,”
that is, a game where each player plays on his own
account. ‘The full pack of cards is used which have the
same value as in whist, which Washington later played
rather frequently.

FEBRUARY 15, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“To Cash at Whist 2/6.” Account with Mrs.
Anne Washington, wife of Major Lawrence.

 

Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Frsruary 24, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“'To do [cash at whist] 5/7 1/2.” Account with
Mrs. Anne Washington.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.

Marcu 10, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“By one do [doubloon] £4.5.6.” Account with
Mrs. Mary Washington.—Cash Account Book
op. cit.

Marcu 11, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By Cash paid for Ferriage 3 1/2d.” Account
with John Lewis.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.July | CoLoNIAL 'TRAVELLER

May 5, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“T hope your Cough is much mended since I saw
you last, if so likewise hope you have given over
the thoughts of leaving Virginia . . . if there be
any certainty in the Assemblys not rising untill the
latter end of May, will if I can be down by that
as my Mothers term of years is out at that Place
at Bridge Creek. . . ..—T'o Lawrence Washing-
ton. (Facsim. in Conway’s Barons of the Potomac,
etc. )

This seems to be about the earliest mention of the
pulmonary trouble which proved fatal to Major Law-

rence two years later.

JUNE 27, Tuesday. Port Royal, Virginia.

“To your part of the Club at Port Royal 1/.”
Account with John Lewis.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.

Jury 6, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“By two Pistoles £2.3.2.” Account with Mrs.
Mary Washington.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Jury 20, Thursday. Culpeper Court House,
Virginia.
“George Washington Gent. produced a commis-
sion from the President of William and Mary
College appointing him surveyor of this county,22 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1749

which was read and thereupon he took the usual
oaths.”—J. Walters: Memorials of Washington,
quoting from the Culpeper County records.
Culpeper was formed as a county in 1749 and this
appointment was George Washington’s first public office.

Juny 22, Saturday. Culpeper County.
“Survey'd for Richard Barnes Gentn. of Rich-

mond County ... in the County of Culpeper.
. . —Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.
Toner’s transcript of Washington’s cash account

gives this survey as one of four hundred acres and the

fee as £2.3.0.

Ocroser 10, Twesday. King George County.

“To Cash for a Pint of Wine 7 1/2d.”” Account
with William Bernard.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.

OctToser 11, Wednesday. King George County.
“To Cash paid Mr. Anthony Strother for pr.
Shoes 7/6.” Account with George William Fair-

fax.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Ocroser 13, Friday. Fredericksburg.
“By one pr. mens best Pumps .. .” Account
with John Lewis.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

OctrosEer 30, Monday. Winchester (Frederick
Town), Virginia.December] CotontAL TRAVELLER 23

“M: Delivered Mrs. Humphras this 30th Day
of October 2 Shirts, one marked GW and the
other not marked 1 pr. Hoes & one Band to be
washed against November Court in Frederick.”
—Diary.

Another memorandum in this Diary notes: “Court in

Frederick 14th Day of November.”

NoveMBER 14, T'wesday. Winchester.
_See preceding entry.

NovemBer—Frederick County, Virginia.

“Dear Richard. ... Since you received my
Letter in October Last I have not sleep’d above
three Nights or four in a bed but after Walking a
good deal all the Day lay down before the fire upon
a Little Hay Straw Fodder or bairskin which ever
is to be had with Man Wife and Children like a
Parcel of Dogs or Catts & happy he that gets the
Berth nearest the fire there’s nothing would make
it pass of tolerably but a good Reward a Dubble-
loon is my constant gain every Day that the
Weather will permit my going out and some time
Six Pistoles. . . . I have never had my Cloths of
but lay and sleep in them like a Negro except the
few Nights I have lay’n in Frederick Town.’—
Diary.

DecemeBer 9, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“To paid your Store acct. with Mr. Humpy.24. GEORGE WASHINGTON [1750

Wallace £1.13.0.” Account with Augustine
Washington.—Ledger A, Washington Papers,
LC.

1749—“Greenway Court,” Frederick County.

“My Lord, I went Last Tuesday not knowing
your Lordship [had] set of for Neavils to see
whether you had any further Commands or direc-
tions to give concerning the Surveying of Caca-
pehon. . . .”—Diary.

1749—A lexandria.

At some unknown date during this year Wash-
ington laid out A Plan of Alexandria now Bel-
haven the original plat of which is in the Library
of Congress.

January 11, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“To Cash paid Mr. Lewis for a Baby and 2 doz.
Gun Flints 5/.””,» Account with Augustine Wash-
ington.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 30, Friday. Frederick County.
“Pursuant to a Warrant from the Proprietors
Office to me Directed I have Survey’d for Thomas
Edwards four hund. Acres of waste & ungranted
Lands situate lying & being in Frederick County

& on Cacapehon . . .”—In private hands.25

 

A pril | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

 

Aprit 2, Monday—Arrit 16, Monday. Fred-
erick County.

Surveying on Cacapehon River, on Trout Run
and on the North River of Cacapehon for Evan
and Jacob Pugh, Joseph Powell, Hugh Hughes,
Nicholas Robinson and others.—Survey Notes,
Washington Papers, LC.

Apri. 20, Friday—Frederick and Augusta
Counties.
Surveying on the North Branch of Cacapehon
for James Dilowza, David Wood and Jonathan
Arnold.—Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Aprit 21, Saturday. Frederick County.
Surveying on Cacapehon and Potomac Rivers,
above and below the mouth of Cacapehon, for
Robert Lindsay, Henry Enoch, John Newton and
others.—Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Aprit 26, Thursday—APnri 28, Saturday. Fred-
erick County.
Surveying on Little Cacapehon for John
Parker, Sylvanua Smith, Darby McKeaver, Jr.
and James McCay.—Survey Notes, Washington

Papers, LC.

 

Aprit—Winchester.
At some time in the month of April Washington
was at Winchester. “T’o Ditto [cash] lent you at26 GrorRGE WASHINGTON [1750

Winchester £2.” Account with John Posey.—
Ledger A, op. cit.

May 26, Saturday. Culpeper County, Virginia.
“To Cash lent 3/.” Account with Charles
Carter, Jr., of Culpeper.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.
June 7, Thursday. King George County,
Virginia.

“To cash lent you at Colstons Store 1/3.” Ac-
count with James Hunter, of Hunter’s Ferry,
near Fredericksburg.—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

Thomas Colston’s, according to Washington’s survey

notes, was in Frederick County.

JUNE 19, Tuesday. Yorktown, Virginia.

“To Cash lent you in York Town £1.3.0.” Ac-
count with George William Fairfax.—Cash Ac-
count Book, op. cit.

JUNE 20, Wednesday. Yorktown.
“To ye Club of a bottle of Rhenish at Mitchells
£1.3.0.” Account with George William Fairfax.

—Cash Account Book, op. cit.

JUNE 24, Sunday. Westmoreland.
“By cash £1.1.6.” Account with Augustine
Washington.—Ledger A, op. cit.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

  

August |

Jury 6, Friday. Westmoreland.

“By Ditto [cash] at Mr. Boothes 12/6.” Ac-
count with Augustine Washington.—Ledger A,
op. cit.

William Booth lived in Nomoni, Westmoreland.

Juty 8, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“To Ditto [cash] at Mount Vernon 12/6.” Ac-
count with Augustine Washington.—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Juty 26, Wednesday. En route to the Warm
Springs, now Berkeley, West Virginia.

“To Cash lent you going to the Warm Springs
14/8.” Account with Major Lawrence Washing-
ton.—Ledger A, op. cit.

George and Lawrence Washington started for the
Warm Springs on some unknown date after July 8. Their

stay at the Springs was brief.

Jury 29, Sunday. Fredericksburg.

“By Cash per my club at the Barbecue 1/10 1/2.”
Account with John Lewis.—Cash Account Book,
op. cit.

Avecust 15, Wednesday. Frederick County.

“To Ditto [cash] lent you in Frederick to pay
Chain Carriers 5/.” Account with Major Law-
rence Washington.—Ledger A, op. cit.28 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1750

Aveust 16, Thursday—Aveust 29, Tuesday.
Frederick County.

Surveying on the Shenandoah River and on
Bullskin for Edward Musgrove, Richard Stephen-
son, William Davis, Lawrence Washington, of
Mount Vernon and Captain George Johnston.—
Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

OctoBer 9, T'wesday. Frederick County.

“Pursuant to a Warrant from the Proprietors
to me directed I have surveyed for Hannah South-
ard late widow to Peter Comlin a certain tract of
waste and ungranted Land situate in Frederick
County . . .”—In private hands.

Ocroser 17, Wednesday—Ocroser 30, Tuesday.
Frederick County.

Surveying on Long Marsh and on Fairfax Road
and Run for Thomas Loftan, G. Smith, John Co-
zine, Izabella Jump, John Vance, John Anderson,
Isaac Foster, Samuel Isaac, Captain Isaac Pen-
nington, Patrick Rise, John Madden, Jeremiah
Wood, Thomas Ashby, Hannah Southerd, Robert
Fox and Captain George Neavil—Survey Notes,
Washington Papers, LC.

Novemper 3, Saturday. Frederick County.
Surveying on the south side of Bullskin for

Captain Marquis Calmers.—Survey Notes, Wash-

ington Papers, LC.December| CoLontaAL TRAVELLER 29

NoveMBER 6, 7 and 8, T'uwesday—Thursday. Fred-
erick County.

“Survey’d for Colo. George Fairfax the Vacant
Land between the Lines of Vestals Musgroves
Wakers [ Walker’s?] Davis’s Stephensons Ruther-
fords Wormleys & Shannandoah River beg. at a
Locust in ye fork of Bullskin . . .”—Survey
Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

NoveMBER 20, Tuesday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for Mr. John Lindsey the
Tract . . .on Long Marsh . .., .”—Swurvey
Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

NovemMBeER 24, Saturday. Frederick County.

“Survey’d for myself the Land at the Head of
the Marsh wch I bought of Captn. Rutherford and
afterwards granted by Lord Fairfax.”—Survey
Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

NoveMBER 26, Monday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for ye Right Honble. ye Ld.
Fairfax a certain Tract of waste and ungranted
Land Situate on the head of Bullskin. . . .”—
Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Decempser 3, Monday. Frederick County.
“Then run the division Line between Joshua
Haynes and myself . . . on south side of Bull-30 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1751

skin. . . .—Survey Notes, Washington Papers,
LC.

1751

Marcu 18, Monday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for Thomas Carny a certain
tract of w Land . . . corner to Mr. Augus®
Washington . .. .”—Survey Notes, Washington
Papers, LC.

Marcu 20, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for Captn. George Johnston a
q I 8
33

certain tract of waste Land on Long Marsh
—Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Marcn 23, Saturday—Marcu 25, Monday.
Frederick County.

Surveying on Bullskin for Benjamin Grub
(a Jost Hite grant) and for Lawrence Washing-
ton, of Mount Vernon.”—Survey Notes, Wash-
ington Papers, LC.

Aprit 1, Monday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for George William Fairfax
Esqr. a certain tract of waste and ungranted Land
on Cates Marsh . . .”—Survey Notes, Wash-
ington Papers, LC.

Apri 3, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for Mrs. Mary Johnston a cer-April] CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 31

 

tain tract of waste and ungranted Land in ye
Barrens between Bullskin & Long Marsh. . . .”
—Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Apri 12, Friday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for William Mullin a certain
tract of waste and ungranted Land Situate on

Mills’s Branch a Branch of Cacapehon . . . —
Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Aprit 15, Monday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for John Waite a certai tract
of waste Land on the Lick Branch of Caca-
pehon . . .”—Survey Notes, Washington Papers,
eC:

Aprit 17, Wednesday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for the Right Hon. ye Lord
Fairfax a certain tract of waste Land on the North
River [Potomac]... .’—Survey Notes, W ash-
ington Papers, LC.

Aprin 20, Saturday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for Samuel Freeman a certain
tract of waste Land in Frederick on ye Ld of Dil-
lans Run... .’—Survey Notes, Washington
Papers, LC.

Apri 23, Tuesday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for Robert Coupper a certain32 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1751

tract of waste Land Situate on Little Cacapehon.
... —Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Apri 24, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for Daniel Piersley a certain
3;93

tract of waste Land on Potomac River.
Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Apri 26, Friday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for Isaac Dawson a certain tract
of waste Land on the So. side Cacapehon about a
Mile from the Mouth... .”-—Swurvey Notes,
Washington Papers, LC.

Aprit 27, Saturday. Frederick County.

“Then Survey’d for George Potts a certain tract
of waste Land on the head of Mills’s Branch.”

“Pursuant to a Warrant from the Proprietors
Office to Me directed I have Survey’d for Owen
Rogers a certn. tract of waste Land situate on a
branch of the Cacapehon. . . .”.—Survey Notes,
Washington Papers, LC.

May 1, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Then Survey’d for Walter Shirley a certain
93

tract of waste Land in Frederick County.
—Survey Notes, Washington Papers, LC.

Aveust 10, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“By Ditto [cash] of Mrs. Washington 11/6.”August | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 33

Account with Major Lawrence Washington.—

Ledger A, op. cit.

Avucust—En route to Annapolis, Maryland.

“To Ditto Ditto [cash lent] going to Annapolis
£3.18.0.” Account with Major Lawrence Wash-
ington.—Ledger A, op. cit.

The precise date of this visit to Annapolis, with Law-
rence, is difficult to settle. It may have had something
to do with the intended journey to Barbadoes.CHAPTER II

OcEAN VoyaGE; A WILDERNESS MESSAGE AND HIS
First War: 1751-1755

1751

SEPTEMBER 28, Saturday. Potomac River.

Sails from the Potomac River in company with
his half-brother Lawrence, bound for Barbadoes.
Lawrence had what would now be called tubercu-
losis and this voyage was taken in the hope of re-
storing his health. The next day, Sunday, October
29, from the fragment of the mutilated diary, the
ship seems to have cleared the Virginia capes.

OcroBer 17, Thursday. At sea.

“Calm with a disturb’d and large Sea which emi-
nently endanger’d our masts rolling away ‘til re-
liev’d by a small No. Wt. breese.”—Duary.

NoveMser 2, Friday. In sight of Barbadoes.

“We were grea[tly a]larm’d with the cry of
Land at 4 A:M: we quitted our beds with surprise
and found ye land plainly appearing at [a]bout 3
leauges distance.” —Duary.

NoveMBER 38, Saturday. Landed at Bridgetown,
Barbadoes.

The original diary of this journey to Barbadoes has
3435

 

December] CoLontAL ‘TRAVELLER

suffered mutilation. The entries for November 4 and 5
have disappeared, but as Sparks prints them in his
Writings of Washington, it may be assumed that they
vanished subsequent to 1834.

Novemser 4, Sunday. Bridgetown, Barbadoes.

Visits a Major Clarke (probably Gedney Clarke
of the Salem, Massachusetts, family). To this
visit is traced the attack of smallpox with which
Washington was afflicted while in Barbadoes.—
Sparks: Writings of Washington (Boston, 1834,
vol. 2, p. 424).

Novemser 8, Thursday. Barbadoes.

Removed from Mr. James Carter’s where the
Washingtons had temporarily settled on Novem-
ber 4, to a Captain Croftan’s about a mile from
Bridgetown, overlooking Carlyle Bay.—Dvuary.

NoveMBER 17, Saturday. Barbadoes.

“Was strongly attacked with the small Pox. sent
for Dr. Lanahan whose attendance was very con-
stant till my recovery, and going out which was
not ’till thursday the 12th of December.”—Diary.

The exact extent to which Washington was marked
by the disease does not seem to be a matter of record.
The pastel portrait in the Masonic Lodge Room at Alex-
andria, Virginia, shows, it is claimed, the facial markings.

DeEcEMBER 12, Thursday. Barbadoes.
“Went to Town visited Majr. Clarke’s Family36 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1752

(who kindly visited me in my illness and contrib-
uted all they cou’d in sendg. me the necessarys re-
quired in ye disorder.” —Diary.

DECEMBER 22, Sunday. Leaves Barbadoes.

~ Took my leave of my Br. Majr. Clarke &c. and
Imbar[ked] in the Industry Captn. John Saund
[ers] for Virginia. Wai'd anchor and got out of
Carlile Bay abt. 12.”—Diary.

Lawrence Washington’s health had not improved in
Barbadoes and Bermuda was suggested. George was to
return to Virginia and Lawrence was to go to Bermuda,
where, if his health improved, his half-brother was to
bring his wife out to him. The experiment was a failure
and George did not make the journey back to Bermuda.
Lawrence returned to Virginia in 1752 and died at Mount
Vernon, July 26th of that year.

December 23, Monday. At sea.

“Met with a brisk Trade Wind and pretty large
Swell wch made the Ship rowl much and me very
sick.” —Diary.

JANUARY 21, T'wesday. At sea.

After this date the original diary is so badly mu-
tilated that it is difficult to decipher the remaining
fragments. The Industry however, seems to have
entered Chesapeake Bay shortly after this day andMarch | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 37

Washington seems to have been in Williamsburg,
where he visited Governor Dinwiddie, before the
end of the month. From Williamsburg he went
to Yorktown.

[Fesruary?] 2, Sunday. Hobbs Hole, Virginia.
“From... his chair to Majr. Dan. . . field
at Hobs Hole—who. . .”>—Duary.
Hobb’s Hole was later known as Tappahannock, Essex
County. The dots here show the mutilated points in the

entry.

[Frsruary?] 4, Tuesday. En route to West-
moreland.

“Kindly conveyed Me to Layton’s Ferry where
I crossed and was favoured with . . .’—Diary.

Layton’s was on the south side of the Rappahannock
River, about twenty miles above Tappahannock which is
opposite Leed’s Ferry on the north bank, in Richmond
County. According to Toner, who does not give his
authority, Washington arrived at Augustine Washing-
ton’s, Westmoreland, March 4, Fredericksburg March 5
and Mount Vernon March 6. This seems improbable ; it
is much more likely that the dates were February 4, 5

and 6.
Frsruary 28, Friday. Fredericksburg.
“To Cash £25.12.1.” Account with Fielding

Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 3, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.38 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1752

“To Ditto [cash] £5.18.3.” Account with
Fielding Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 10, Tuesday. Frederick County.

“To Cash receiv’d of John Garner for rent of
1751 £1.1.6.” Account with Richard Stephenson.
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 16, Monday. Frederick County.

“By a sett of Deeds of Lease & release for 552
Acres of Land on the South Fork of Bullskin
£115.” Account with Captain George Johnson.
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 19, Thursday. Frederick County.

“Survey d for George Fout two certain tracts of
Lands situate in Frederick County on Dillons run
a branch of Cacapehon.”—In private hands.

Marcu 21, Saturday. Augusta County.

“To Surveying 88 Acres of Land in Augusta
County on the lost River £2.3.8.” Account with
James Cahoon & Francis McBride.—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Aprit 2, Thursday. Frederick County.

“To Surveying 400 Acres of Land £2.3.0.”
Account with Thomas Mullon, of Great Caca-
pehon.—Ledger A, op. cit.August | COLONIAL TRAVELLER 39

Apri 29, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] £15.2.10.” Account with
Fielding Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 23, Saturday. Fredericksburg. 3

“By Cash at Andrew Drummond’s 5/9.” Ac-
count with Samuel Washington.—Ledger A, op.
Cit.

JUNE 2, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] £4.5. 7 1/2.” Account with
Samuel Washington.—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 9, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] £4.5. 1 1/2.” Account with
Fielding Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Jury 11, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] £10.4.7.” Account with
Fielding Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuLy 26, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

Lawrence Washington died at Mount Vernon.
It is mere conjecture that George Washington was
there at the time.

Avcust 7, Friday. King George County.
» By Colo, Champe for negroes 27/554. vic:
count with Fielding Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Colonel John Champe lived on the Rappahannock, a40 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1752

short distance above “Cleve.” His daughter Jane was

Samuel Washington’s first wife.

Ocroser 5, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“By Cash £9.13.6.” Account with Fielding
Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 25, Sunday. Frederick County.
“Pursuant to a Warrant from the Proprietors
office to me directed, I have Survey’d for Mr. Rob-
ert Johnston... a certain tract of Land im
Frederick commonly known by the name of Patrick
Matthews Survey. . . .”—In private hands.

NoveMBer 4, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
Inducted into the Grand Lodge of Free Ma-
sons.—Minute Book of the Lodge.

Novemser 6, Monday.

Appointed Adjutant for the Southern District
of Virginia, which included the Counties of Prin-
cess Anne, Norfolk, Nansemond, Isle of Wight,
Southampton, Surry, Brunswick, Prince George,
Dinwiddie, Chesterfield, Amelia and Cumber-
land. In November of the next year (1753) he
was, at his own request and by the influence of
William Nelson, of York, transferred to the Ad-
jutancy of the Northern Neck and Eastern Shore,1753 | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER Ay

which included Westmoreland, King George, Staf-
ford, Fairfax, Prince William and others.

November 18, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“To Ditto [cash] £55.” Account with Field-
ing Lewis.—Ledger A, op. cit.

1753

January 15, Monday. Frederick County.

“To 1 pistole £1.1.6.” Account with Richard
Stephenson, of Frederick County-—Ledger A, op.
cit.

January 18, Thursday. Frederick County.

“By Richard Stephenson’s bill for £10.6.0.”
Account with Captain George Johnson.—Ledger
A, OD. Cit.

Apriu—F rederick County.
“To Cash £10.6.9.” Account with Captain

George Johnson.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 18, Saturday. Frederick County.
“To Cash £3.14.7.” Account with Richard
Stephenson.—Ledger A, op. cit.

[SepremBer?]—Mount Vernon.
“To Cash paid ye Executors...

39

Account42 GEORGE WASHINGTON [ 1753

with Major Lawrence Washington—Ledger A,
op. cit.

This entry is dated merely 1753. It is only surmise
that Washington was at Mount Vernon some time in
September. He seems to have been in Fairfax County
prior to the middle of October of this year as from then
on there was small opportunity for a journey to Little

Hunting Creek.

Octoser 17, Wednesday. Winchester, Virginia.
“This day I marche with about one hundred men

to Fort Cumberland.” —To Gov. Dinwiddie.
Sometime between October 18 and 21, Washington set

out for Williamsburg, presumably in compliance with a

request, or order from Dinwiddie.

OcrosEr 31, Wednesday. Williamsburg, Vir-
ginia.

“I was commissioned and appointed by the Hon.
Robert Dinwiddie, Esq., Governor of Virginia, to
visit and deliver a letter to the Commander of the
French forces on the Ohio, and set out on the in-
tended journey on the same day.”—Diary.

NovemBer 1, Thursday. Fredericksburg, Vir-
ginia.

“I arrived at Fredericksburg and engaged Mr.
Jacob Vanbraam to be my French interpreter, and
proceeded with him to Alexandria where we pro-
vided necessaries.” —Diary.November] CotontaL TRAVELLER 43

NovemsBer 2, Friday. Kn route to Winchester

from Alexandria.

Novemser 5, Monday. Winchester.
“From thence we went to Winchester.” —Duary.
This date is mere surmise as there seems to be no data
available as to Washington’s arrival or departure from
Winchester for Wills Creek, which was reached Novem-

ber 14.

NovemsBer 14, Wednesday. Wills Creek, (Cum-
berland), Maryland.

“We pursued the new road to Will’s Creek,
where we arrived on the 14th of November. Here
I engaged Mr. Gist to pilot us and also hired four
others as Servitors, Barnaby Currin, and John
M’Quire, Indian traders; Henry Steward and
William Jenkins.” —Duary.

Novemper 15, Thursday. Weaves Wills Creek.

“In company with those persons left the Inhab-
itants the Day following The excessiv Rains and
vast Quantity of Snow which had fallen, prevented
our reaching Mr. Frazier’s an Indian Trader, at
the Mouth of Turtle Creek, on Monongahela, till
Thursday, the 22d.”—Diary.

Novemser 22, Thursday. John Frazier’s at the
mouth of Turtle Creek.—Duary.44 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1753

NovEMBER 23, Friday. Forks of the Ohio River,
Pennsylvania.

This date is presumptive “As I got down before the
Canoe I spent some time in viewing the Rivers, and the
Land in the Fork; which I think extremely well situated
for a Fort.”—Diary.

NoOvEMBER 25, Sunday. Logs Town, Pennsy]l-
vania.

“Shingiss attended us to the Loggs-Town, where
we arrived between Sun-setting and Dark, the 25th
Day after I left Williamsburg.”—Diary.

Logs Town, supposed to have been on Big Beaver
Creek, Pennsylvania, seventeen miles below the Forks of
the Ohio. It was built by the French as an Indian
trading post. Shingiss, a Delaware chief, at first a

friend to the English, but later sided with the French.

NOvEMBER 29, T'h ursday. Logs 'Town.

“In the Evening late they [the Indian chiefs
whose friendship for the English Washington was
endeavoring to cement] came again and acquainted
me that the Shannoahs were not yet arrived, but
that it should not retard the Prosecution of our
Journey.” —Diary.

NovEMBER 30, Friday. Leaves Logs Town.

“We set out about 9 oClock with the Half-King,
Jeskakake, White Thunder and the Hunter; and
travelled on the Road to Venango, where we ar-
rived the 4th of December.”’—Diary.December] CoLoNntiAL ‘TRAVELLER 45

Decemsper 4, Tuesday. Venango, Pennsylvania.

“We found the French Colours hoisted at a
House from which they had driven Mr. John
Frazier, an English Subject. I immediately re-
paired to it to know where the Commander re-
sided.” —Diary.

Venango, an Indian town at the junction of French
Creek and the Allegheny, about sixty miles from Logs

Town.

Decemser 7, Friday. Sugar Creek.

“ About 11 o’Clock we set out for the Fort, and
were prevented from arriving there till the 11th
by excessive Rains, Snows, and bad travelling
through many Mires and Swamps.” —Diary.

Gist’s diary states that on this day they reached Sugar
Creek, five miles from Venango. December 8, arrived at
Cussewago, an old Indian town. December 9, at the
Great Crossing of French Creek, but could not get over
on account of the high water. December 10, they had
advanced eight miles from the Crossing. December 11,
they travelled fifteen miles and reached Fort Le Beuf.

DeceMBER 12, Wednesday. Fort Le Boeuf, Penn-
sylvania.

“T prepared early to wait upon the Commander.

.. I acquainted him with my Business, and of-

fered my Commission and Letter.”—Duary.
Fort Le Beuf was near what is now Waterford,
Pennsylvania.46

   

 

GEORGE WASHINGTON [1753

December 14, Friday. Fort Le Beeuf.

“This Evening I received an Answer to his Hon-

our the Governor’s Letter from the Commandant.”

—Diary.

December 16, Sunday.

Leaves Fort Le Boeuf.

“We had a tedious and very fatiguing Passage

down the Creek.

Several Times we were like to

have been staved against Rocks; and many Times
all Hands were obliged to get out and remain in

the Water Half an Hour or more, getting over the
Shoals. .. . We did not reach Venango, till the
22d, where we met with our Horses.” —Diary.

Washington estimated the distance between Le Bouf

and Venango as one hundred and thirty miles by way of

French Creek.

DECEMBER 23, Su nday.

Leaves Venango.

“Our Horses were now so weak and feeble and

the Baggage so heavy

OS ac

. . . that we doubted much

their performing it [the journey back to Virginia].

. . I determined to prosecute my Journey the
nearest way through the Woods, on Foot... . I
took my necessary Papers; pulled off my Cloaths:
and tied myself up in a Match Coat. Then with
Gun in Hand and Pack at my Back, in which were
my Papers and Provisions, I set-out with Mr. Gist,
fitted in the same manner, on Wednesday the
26th.” —Diary.

The place where Washington left the horses and

started through the woods was a short three days’ jour-December] Cotontau TRAVELLER AT

ney from Venango, throughout which they had struggled
to keep the tired horses going. According to Gist’s diary
they had reached the branches of Beaver Creek on De-

cember 26.

DrecempBer 26, Wednesday. Branch of Beaver
Creek, Pennsylvania.
According to Gist, he and Washington covered
eighteen miles on this day’s journey.

DecemBer 27, Thursday. Near Murthering Town,
Pennsylvania.

“We fell in with a party of French Indians... .
One of them fired at Mr. Gist or me; not 15 steps
off, but fortunately missed. We took this fellow
into Custody, and kept him till about 9 o’clock at
Night; Then let him go, and walked all the remain-
ing Part of the Night without making any Stop.”
—Diary.

Murthering Town, on the southeast fork of Beaver
Creek. According to Gist they reached Piney Creek at
the end of their all-night march.

DeEcEMBER 28, Friday. Allegheny River.

“The next Day we continued travelling till quite
dark, and got to the River about two Miles above
Shannapins. ... The Ice was driving im vast
Quantities . . . There was no way for getting over
but on a Raft; Which we set about with but one
poor Hatchet, and finished just after Sun-setting.48 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1753

This was a whole Day’s Work. Then set off; But
before we were Half Way over, we were jammed
in the Ice, in such a Manner that we expected every
Moment our Raft to sink, and ourselves to perish.
I put-out my setting Pole to try to stop the Raft,
that the Ice might pass by; when the Rapidity of
the Stream threw it with so much Violence against
the Pole, that it jerked me out into ten Feet
Water: but I fortunately saved myself by catch-
ing hold of one of the Raft Logs. Notwithstand-
ing all our efforts we could not get the Raft to
either Shore; but were obliged, as we were near an
Island to quit our Raft and make to it.

“The Cold was so extremely severe, that Mr. Gist
had all his Fingers, and some of his Toes frozen.”

—Dhiary.

DEcEMBER 30, Sunday. John Frazier’s.

“The water was shut up so hard, that we found no
Difficulty in getting-off the Island, on the Ice, in
the Morning, and went to Mr. Frazier’s.”—Diary.

DercEMBER 31, Monday. Frazier’s.

““As we intended to take Horses here, and it re-
quired some Time to find them, I went-up about
three Miles to the Mouth of Yaughyaughane to
visit Queen Aliquippa, who had expressed great
Concern that we passed her in going to the Fort.
I made her a Present of a Matchcoat and a Bottle1754 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 49

of Rum; which later was thought much the best
Present of the Two.”—Dnuary.

Queen Aliquippa, of the Delawares, lived on the site
of the present McKeesport, Pennsylvania.

1754

January 1, Tuesday. Frazier’s and Gist’s.
“Left Frazier’s and arrived at Mr. Gist’s at

Monongahela the 2d.”—Diuary.

January 7, Monday. Wills Creek, Maryland.
“This Day we arrived at Wills Creek, after as
fatiguing a Journey as it is possible to conceive,
rendered so by excessive bad Weather. From the
first Day of December to the 15th, there was but
one Day on which it did not rain or snow inces-
santly; and throughout the whole Journey we met
with nothing but one continued Series of cold wet
Weather, which occasioned very uncomfortable
Lodgings: especially after we had quitted our
Tent, which was some Screen from the Inclemency

of it.’—Duary.

January 11, Friday. Belvoir, Virginia.

“On the 11th I got to Belvoir: where I stopped
one Day to take necessary Rest; and then set out
and arrived in Williamsburg the 16th.”—Diary.50 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1754

JANUARY 16, Wednesday. Williamsburg, Vir-
ginia.

“TI waited upon his Honour the Governor with

the Letter I had brought from the French Com-

mandant; and to give an Account of the Success of

my Proceedings.’—Duary.

Frepruary 21, Thursday. Williamsburg.
“Resolved That the Treasurer be directed to pay
out of the public Monies in his Hands the sum of
Fifteen Pounds to Major George Washington to
testify our Approbation of his Proceedings in his
Journey to the Ohio.’—Journal of the House of

Burgesses, Virginia.

[Frsruary —] Green Spring, Virginia.

“In a conversation with you at Green Spring,
you gave me some room to hope for a commission
above that of major.” —T'o Richard Corbin, March
—, L754.

Richard Corbin, a member of the Governor’s Council
from King and Queen County. Green Spring was in
James City County, below Williamsburg and a few miles

from Jamestown.

Marcu 7, Thursday. Alexandria.

“In my last by Mr. Stewart I slightly mentioned
the objection many had against enlisting, to wit,
not knowing who was to be paymaster or the times
for payment.’”—T'o0 Dinwiddie.A pril | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 51

Marcu 20, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“T was favored with your letter by Mr. Stewart
enclosing a lieutenant colonel’s commission.’’—T'o
Dinwiddie.

Marcu 31, Sunday. Alexandria.

“On the 31st March I received from his Honour
a Lieutentant Colonel’s Commission of the Vir-
ginia Regiment whereof Joshua Fry, Esquire, was
Colonel, dated the 15th, with Orders to take the
troops, which were at that time quartered at Alex-
andria under my command, and to march with them
towards the Ohio, there to aid Captain Trent in
building Forts, and in defending the possessions of
his Majesty against the attempts and hostilities of
the French.”—Duary.

Captain William Trent, of Pennsylvania, who was
compelled to surrender the fort at the Forks of the Ohio,
to the French, on April 17.

Aprin 2, Tuesday. On the march to the Ohio.
“We left Alexandria on Tuesday Noon and
pitched our tents about four miles from Cameron
having marched six miles.”—Duvary.
“Cameron” was the name of Charles Broadwater’s

place on Cameron Run, Fairfax County.

Aprrit 6, Saturday. Edward Thompson’s, Fair-
fax County.52 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

Arrit 7, Sunday. Vestal’s Gap, Blue Ridge

Mountains, Vestal’s Ferry, Shenandoah River.

Aprit 8, Monday. John Vestal’s, Shenandoah
Valley.

Aprit 9, Tuesday. On march to Winchester.
Aprit 10, Wednesday. Winchester.

Aprit 11, Thursday—Aprnrit 18, Thursday.

On march from Winchester to Wills Creek, via
Edwards’ Fort, on South Branch of Great Cacape-
hon Creek, Job Pearsall’s Fort and down the
South Branch of the Potomac, crossing that River
at Thomas Cresap’s and from thence up the north
bank to Wills Creek.—Washington’s Account
against Virginia, Oct. 1754.

Thompson’s was in Short Hills Gap, now Hillsboro.
Vestal’s or Keys’ Gap, was north of Williams’ or Snickers’

Gap.

Aprit 19, Friday. Pearsall’s Fort.
“T tarried at Job Pearsall’s for the arrival of the
troops, where they came the next day.”—Diuary.

Pearsall’s was on the South Branch of the Potomac.

APRIL 20, Saturday. Cresap’s.
“Came down to Colonel Cresap’s to dispose the53

 

May | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER

Detachment, and on my Route, had notice that the
Fort was taken by the French.”—Dnuary.

Cresap’s place was in Maryland, nearly opposite the
mouth of the South Branch of the Potomac.

Aprit 23, T'wesday. Wills Creek, Maryland.

“A Council of War held at Wills Creek in order
to consult upon what must be done.”—Diuary.

The council decided to advance to Red Stone, on the

Monongahela, about thirty-seven miles from Fort Du-
quesne, clear a road to Red Stone and there await orders.

Apri, 28, Swnday. Mouth of Patterson’s Creek.
“There came to us some pieces of cannon which
were taken up to the mouth of Patterson’s Creek.”

—Diary.

May 12, Sunday. On the march toward Red
Stone.

“Marched away, and, went on rising ground
where we halted to dry ourselves, for we had been
obliged to ford a rapid stream, where our shortest
men had water up to their arm-pits.”’—Dvuary.

May 18, Saturday. Near the Youghiogheny
River.
‘Went down to observe the river.” —Diary.

May 20, Monday. On the Youghiogheny River.
“Embarked in a canoe with Lieut. West...54 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

and having followed the river along about half a
mile were obliged to come ashore .. . . reached
Turkey Foot by the beginning of night.”

Turkey Foot is now called Confluence, Pennsylvania.

May 21, Tuesday. 'Turkey Foot, Pennsylvania.

‘“Tarried there sometime to examine the place,
which we found very suitable for the erection of a
fort. . . . We went down the river about ten miles
when at last it became so rapid as to oblige us to
come ashore.” —Diary.

The speed of the current was increasing because they
were nearing what is now called the Ohio-Pile Falls of

the Youghiogheny River.

May 24, Friday. Great Meadows, Pennsylvania.

“The same day at two o:clock we arrived at the
Meadows.”’—Diary.

It seems probable that Washington returned to Turkey
Foot and marched, with the troops, from there to the
Meadows which were a treeless plain on the eastern slope
of Laurel Mountain, in Wharton Township, Fayette
County, Pennsylvania. Here Washington received a
report from an Indian trader that a strong party of
French were on the march against him. He hastily
formed an intrenched camp and the next day, May 25,
sent out scouting parties which were unable to discover
anything.

May 27, Monday. Great Meadows.
“About eight in the evening I received an expressCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 55

May |

from the Half-King, who informed me, that, as he
was coming to join us, he had seen along the road,
the tracks of two men, which he had followed, till
he was brought thereby to a low obscure place; that
he was of opinion the whole party of the French
was hidden there. That very moment I sent out
forty men and ordered my ammunition to be put
in a place of safety, fearing it to be a stratagem of
the French to attack our camp; I left a guard to
defend it, and with the rest of my men set out in
a heavy rain, and in a night as dark as pitch, along
a path scarce broad enough for one man; we were
sometimes fifteen or twenty minutes out of the path
before we could come to it again, and we would
often strike against each other in the darkness: All
night long we continued our route.’’—Duary.

May 28, T'wesday. What is now Fayette County,
Pennsylvania.

“The 28th about sun-rise we arrived at the In-
dian camp, where after having held a council with
the Half-King, we concluded to attack them to-
gether; so we sent out two men to discover where
they were, as also their position and what sort of
ground was therabout, after which we prepared to
surround them marching one after the other In-
dian fashion: We had advanced pretty near to
them, as we thought, when they discovered us; I
ordered my company to fire; my fire was supported56 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

by that of Mr. Waggoner and my company and
his received the whole fire of the French, during
the greater part of the action, which only lasted a
quarter of an hour before the enemy were routed.
We killed Mr de Jumonville, the Commander of
the party, as also nine others; we wounded one and
made twenty-one prisoners. After this I marched
on with the prisoners. They informed me that
they had been sent with a summons to order me to
retire.’—Dhuary.

May 30, Thursday. Great Meadows.

“Began to erect a fort with small palisades, fear-
ing that when the French should hear the news of
that defeat we might be attacked by considerable
forces.” —Dhiary.

JUNE 3, Monday. Great Meadows.

“We have just finish’d a small pallisado’d Fort,
in which, with my small numbers, I shall not fear
the attack of 500 men.” —T'o Dinwiddie.

JUNE 12, Wednesday. Great Meadows.

“T thought it necessary to march with the major
part of the regiment, to find out those ninety men
of whom we had intelligence.”—Diary.

This alarm proved false and Washington returned to
the fort.

JUNE 16, Sunday. Great Meadows.
“Set out for Red Stone, and were extremely em-June |

     

CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 57

barrassed, our wagons breaking very often.’—

Diary.

JUNE 18. Tuesday. On the march to Red Stone.

“A council was held in the camp . . . at which
the Half-King and several of the Six Nations,
Loups and Shawanese to the number of forty were

present.’—Diary.

JUNE 27, Thursday. On the way to Red Stone.

“Detached Captain Lewis . .

. and sixty men to

endeavor to clear a road to the mouth of Red Stone

Creek, on Monongahela.” —Dhiary.

This entry for June 27 is the last one given in the

French publication of Washington’s diary, which is now,

the only available source for this period. From J. M.

Toner’s notes and Jared Sparks’ conclusions the follow-

ing itinerary up to July 9 is given as the best available.

JUNE 28, Friday. Christopher Gist’s, Pennsyl-

vania.

Gist’s is now Mount Braddock, Pennsylvania.

Washington received the news of a strong party

of French advancing upon him and commenced to
fortify. On receipt of more definite information
as to the force a council of war decided to abandon
the works at Gist’s and retire to Wills Creek: “At
a Council of War held at Mr. Gist’s .. . after
the Junction with our own Detachment and the In-

dependent Company . . . It was unanimously Re-58

  

   

GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

solved that it was Absolutely necessary to Return
to our Fort at the Meadows to wait there until
supplied with a Stock of provisions Sufficient to

serve us for some months.”—Washington Papers,

iG:

The retreat was begun this same day.

Juty 1, Monday. Great Meadows.

The retreating troops arrived at Great Mead-
ows. ‘The exhaustion of the men and their inability
to reach Wills Creek before being overtaken by
the French pursuers, decided Washington to rest
the troops at the palisade fortification (which had
been named Fort Necessity) and to fight off the
French when they arrived. Messages were sent to
Wills Creek calling for reenforcements.

JULY

3,

W ednesday.

Meadows.

Fort Necessity, Great

The French arrived and opened fire upon the
fort about eleven o’clock, a.m. There was no as-
sault, only long range firing until about eight
o'clock in the evening when the French suggested
a parley. Conditions in Fort Necessity were unfa-
vorable for a prolonged resistance. Ammunition
and food supplies were insufficient and Wash-
ington had no definite assurance that reenforce-
ments could reach him within a week and he knew

he could not hold out even that long. An agree-July | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 59

ment with the French was therefore concluded by
which Washington’s forces were allowed to march
out with their arms and stores, with drums beating
and colors flying. Their artillery was to be de-
stroyed. The terms of this capitulation were in
French, a language Washington did not understand
and Captain Jacob Van Braam, a Hollander, who
was the only available man among the Virginians
who understood French, allowed the phrase “dans
Yassassinat du Sieur de Jumonville” to pass with-
out question so that, in signing it, Washington un-
consciously admitted the murder of Jumonville. It
was a piece of clever roguery on the part of the
French which caused some excitement at the time.

Jury 4, Thursday. Fort Necessity.

Marched out of the fort with the honors of war
and progressed three miles on the road to Wills
Creek.

Jury 5, Friday. On march to Wills Creek.
Crossed the Great Crossing of the Youghiogheny

River. Ten miles above Turkey Foot, the present

site of Somerfield, Somerset County, Pennsyl-

vania.

Jury 9, Tuesday. Wills Creek.

Returns of the troops made to Washington on
this date are all dated at Wills Creek.—W ashing-
ton Papers, LC.60 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

JuLty 10, Wednesday. Winchester.

“I did myself the Pleasure to write to you by
Majr. Thomas Clarke now on his march from
Alexandria.”’—William Fairfax to Washington,
addressed to Winchester.—Washington Papers,

LC.

JuLy 23, Twesday. Winchester.

General return of the troops of the Virginia
regiment, in Washington’s writing dated at Win-
chester.—W ashington Papers, LC.

Juty —, Williamsburg.

It seems that Washington visited Williamsburg
sometime between July 23 and the end of the
month as his account Colonel John Carlyle, the
Paymaster, notes in 1754: “By Ditto [cash] paid

_

my Exps. Travelg. to Wmsburg in July £4.5.7.”

 

Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 11, Sunday. Alexandria.

“I am ordered, with the utmost dispatch, to re-
pair to Wills Creek with the Regiment, to do
which, under the present circumstances, is as im-
practicable as it is (as far as I can see into the
thing) to disposses the French of their Fort; both
of which, with our means are morally impossible.”
—To Hon. William Fairfax, Washington Papers,
LC.October] CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 61

SEPTEMBER 8, Sunday. Alexandria.

“Your favour of the 4th Septr. I received this
moment but as yett have not seen Major Stephens.
As to my giving you orders to proceed here I can-
not see to what purpose without you have your
Regement Complite.”—Col. James Innes to Wash-
ington, addressed to Alexandria.

Ocrozser 18, Friday. Stafford Court House.

“Eixpences at Taylors Ordy. 3/9.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

At some unknown date, prior to October 18, Wash-
ington set out for Williamsburg from Alexandria; prob-
ably October 16, as Ledger A indicates that certain pur-
chases were made in Alexandria on October 15 and 16.
“‘Ordinaries”? were what would be inns or taverns in other
parts of America at that time. The term seems to have
been colloquial and more common in Virginia than else-

where.

Ocroser 19, Saturday. Todd’s Ordinary and
King William Court House.

“By Expences at Todd’s Ordy. 1/ 10 1/2 By
Ditto at King William Ct. House 5/ 7 1/2.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington stayed the night at King William Court
House. 'Todd’s Ordinary, Warehouse and Bridge, seems
to have occupied both banks of the Mattapony River, the
Ordinary and Bridge appear to have been on the south
bank, in King William County and the Bridge, at which
there seems to have been “Ordinary” accommodations62 GrEoRGE WASHINGTON [1754

also, was on the north bank, in King and Queen County.
There was a Todd’s Ordinary also on the Fredericks-
burg-Williamsburg road, about seven miles south of Fred-
ericksbur

g. It is sometimes puzzling to decide which

Todd is the one referred to.

OcrToBeEr 20, Sunday. King William Court House,
Claiborne’s and Chiswell’s Ordinaries.
“By Ditto [expenses] at Claybournes 4 10 1/2.
Ditto Chizls Ordy. 3/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Claiborne’s Ferry and Ordinary was in King William
County, on the north bank of York River, where the
Williamsburg road crosses that waterway. Chiswell’s
was ten or twelve miles north of Williamsburg.
Washington seems to have reached Williamsburg this
same day. “To Ditto [cash] in Williamsburg 13/6.”
Account with John Alton.—Ledger A, op. cit.

OcroBer 23, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“By Dinner and Club at Finnies 5/3.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

“Nothing could give me and the Officers under
my Command greater satisfaction, than to receive
the Thanks of the House of Burgesses, in so par-
ticular and public a Manner for our Behaviour in
the late unsuccessful engagement with the French.”
—To Speaker John Robinson.

Washington was at Williamsburg from October 21 or
22 to the end of the month. October 30, ‘To Ditto
[cash] of Majr. Carlyle in Williamsburg £8.14.2.” He

settled his account at Finnie’s and paid his board atNovember] CoLoNntAL ‘TRAVELLER 63

Mrs. [ William? | Coulthard’s £1.7.6, October 31. He
seems to have spent considerable time at Alexander Fin-
nie’s, better known as the Raleigh Tavern, as his account

there amounted to £5.9.6.

NoveMpser 2, Saturday. York County.
“By Expences at Armsteads Ordinary 7/6.°—

Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 3, Sunday. King William Court
House.
“By Ditto [expenses] at King William Court
House 3/ 7 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 12, Tuesday. King George County.
“Po Mr. Antho: Strother on acct. of Jacob Van-
bram £ 16.2.6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 15, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“You make mention in your letter of my con-
tinuing in the service, and retaining my colonel’s
commission. This idea fills me with surprise, for
if you think me capable of holding a commission
that has neither rank or emoluments annexed to it,
you must entertain a very contemptible opinion of
my weakness and believe me to be more empty than
the commission itself.” —T'o Col. Wm. Fitzhugh.

NoveMBeErR 19, T'wesday. Alexandria.
“To Club at Chews Ordinary 1/.”—Ledger A,

Op. cit.64 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1754

NovEeMBER 20, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“To washing while Quartered in Alexandria

£1.13.3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 21, Thursday, Fairfax County on the
way to Winchester.
“By Expens. at Saml. Jenkins’s 3/1. Ditto at
G. Creek 5/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Jenkins’s was on the Alexandria-Williams, or Keys’

Gap road, near Goose Creek.

NovEeMBER 23, Saturday. Frederick County.

“To Ditto at Thompsons 7/ Ditto to ye Ferryn.
at Shanh. 1/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington reached Edward Thompson’s and evi-
dently crossed the Shenandoah River at Vestal’s Ferry,

this same day.

NoveMBER 25, Monday. Winchester.
“To Mr. Stephenson’s Son Richard 1/3.” —

Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBER 29, Friday. Frederick County.
“To gave away at Edward Thompson’s 3/9.”—

Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was then on his way back to Alexandria.

December 1, Sunday. Fairfax County.
“TM, Fxpences at Samuel Jenkins’s 1/3.”°—

Ledger A, op. cit.1755 | CoLonIAL ‘TRAVELLER 65

Dercemper 2, Monday. Alexandria and Belvoir.
“To Dd. Green for Corn and pasturage of my
Horses while I was quartered in Alexa. in full
£2.3.7 1/2 To Ditto [cash] at Belvoir 3/9.” Ac-
count with John Alton.—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have returned to Alexandria and
to have been there until about December 27; he appears
to have visited Belvoir again before the end of the

month.

1755

January 1, Wednesday. Belvoir.

“By the following Servants at Colo. Fairfax’s
Myrtilla 5/9 The Cook 2/6... .’—Ledger A,
op. cit.

These were evidently gratuities on leaving as the ferry-
man at Occoquan was paid 1/ this same day.—Ledger
A, op. cit.

January 6, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] of Mr. Woodward at Cards
2/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

January 8, Wednesday. Caroline Court House.
“By Expences at Caroline Court House 5/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

January 9, Thursday. Caroline Court House
and Todd’s.66 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

“By Ditto [cash] at Ditto [Caroline Court
House] 5/ By Servant at Colo. Baylors 1/ By
my Servant & Horses Exps. at Todds 6/8.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington seems to have had some trouble with his
horses on this trip as on January 12 he paid “the farrier
for visiting Sick Horse 2/6.” The probable purpose of
this trip was to attend Buckner’s sale, on the south bank
of the Rappahannock, nine or ten miles northeast of
Todd’s Ordinary. Washington bought three slaves at the
sale, one of which was a carpenter. Col. Baylor was
Col. John Baylor III, of New Market, Caroline County.
He was the father of Col. George Baylor, an aide-de-

camp to Washington during the Revolutionary War.

JANUARY 10, Friday. Colonel Alexander Spots-
wood’s.
“By a Servant at Colo. Spotswoods 7 1/2d.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.
Spotswood’s was on the south bank of the Rappa-
hannock, a few miles east of Fredericksburg, in Spot-

sylvania County.

January 11, Saturday. Fredericksburg.

“By Mr. Mercer for his opinion of the devise of
my Brother’s Negroes £1.1.6. By Ditto on his
opinion on the devise of Mount Vernon Tract to
me £1.1.6.”"—Ledger A, op. cit.

This was the Honorable James Mercer of Fredericks-

burg.February| CouoniaL ‘TRAVELLER 67

January 13, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“To Mr. Lewis at Billiards 2/6.”—Ledger A.

January 15, Wednesday. King George County[?]
“To Mr. Strother at Cards 5/9.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.
It is, of course, quite within the range of possibility
that Strother visited Fredericksburg and that this card
game did not take place in King George.

January 25, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By Mr. Mercer for drawing a Release & for
Advice £1.1.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frsruary 5, Wednesday. King George County.

“To Mrs. Thornton for my Lotts in Frederickg.
£50. By Club in Arrack at Mrs. Gordon’s 2/6.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Arrack was a popular punch drunk at this time.
Washington may have gone into King George this day
or the next, as the accounts show that he lent a small
sum to James Hunter, of Hunter’s Ferry and he may
have continued on into Westmoreland as he lent £1.1.6
to his brother, John Augustine Washington and pur-
chased a pair of black gloves from his brother Charles.
He returned to Fredericksburg by way of Caroline Court
House.

Frsruary 12, Wednesday. Caroline Court House.
“By Dinner and Club at Caroline Ct. House
2/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

According to the accounts Washington stayed at Car-68 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

oline Court House over February 13 and reached Colonel
Spotswood’s that day.

Frsruary 15, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By a Bed of Old Heyden £1.5.0.”—Ledger A,

op. cit,

Frsruary 16, Sunday. Rappahannock Ferry,
Fredericksburg.

=

“By ye Ferryman 7 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Fresruary 21, Friday. Belvoir.
“To Mr. Spearing at Billiards 8/9."—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Fresruary 23, Sunday. Cameron, Fairfax
County.
“By Ordinary Expences at Moxley’s 12/2.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Richard Moxley kept an ordinary at Cameron.

Frsruary 26, Wednesday. Belvoir.

“To Mrs. Spearing at Cards 4/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Washington seems to have been at Mount Vernon on
March 38 and to have returned to Belvoir a day or so
after this date. His accounts give the impression that
he returned to Mount Vernon on the 10th of March.
“By Cash gave Myrtilla 5/. By Billiards lost 3/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.March | CoLONIAL 'TRAVELLER 69

Marcu 10, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“By Ditto [cash] to the Sailors that brot. my
Goods from Rapk. 3/9.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 11, Twesday. Belvoir.
“To Ditto [Mrs. Ann Spearing] at Ditto
[cards] 3/9” also “1/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.CECA LER Lit
DerFeatT; FAME; A FRonTIER COMMAND:
75 D— 757

17! 5

|

Marcu 15, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“I was not favoured with your polite letter of
the 2d inst., until yesterday; acquainting me with
the notice his Excellency General Braddock is
pleased to honor me with, by kindly inviting me to
become one of his family the ensueing Campaign.”

—T'o Robert Orme.

APRIL 8, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
~ By John Gunston for buildg. a Chimney in my
Smiths Shp. £11.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Apri 10, Thursday. Alexandria.
“By Mr. Hart for a Field Bedstead & Curtains
£4.16.3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

APRIL 23, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.

“I shall this day set out for Wills Creek where
I expect to meet the General and to stay—I fear
too long as the march must be regulated by the
slow movements of the Train, which I am sorry to

say will be tedious, very tedious indeed, as I have
70A pril | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER ae

long predicted, tho’ few believed. Alexandria has
been honored with five Governours in Consulta-
tion, I hope not only of the success of this Expedi-
tion, but of the future greatness of this town.” —
To Hon. Wm. Fairfax.

Aprin 24, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“T left home the 24th of last month.”—T'o John
Augustine Washington, May 14.

Apri 25, Friday. Fairfax County.

“By Ditto [expenses] at Minors 9/.”—Ledger
A’, Op» Cit.

Nicholas Miner’s was on the Alexandria and Vestal
Gap road, a few miles above Avery’s Ford, where that
road crosses Goose Creek.

Aprit 28, Monday. Winchester.

“By gave Hardin’s Son 1/6 By Hardin for
Ditto [canoe] £1.5.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

This seems to have been the son of John Hardin, who
was then living in Winchester. He later moved to Ken-

tucky.

Apri 30, Wednesday. Bullskin, Frederick
County and Winchester.
“Out of 4 Horses which I brought from home
one I have killed outright, and the other 3 are ren-
dered unfit for use; so that I have been detained72 GroRGE WASHINGTON _ [1755

here three days already and how much longer I
may continue to be so time only can discover.”—
To Mrs. G. W. Fairfaz.
This same day Washington records his expenses at
Thomas] Swearingen’s at 3/9 and that he gave Richard
o> >

Stephenson’s children 11/6.

May 2, Friday. Frederick, Maryland.

“By Expences at Frederick Town, Maryland
4/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington met Braddock for the first time at this
place. Te seems to have left Winchester April 30, or

May 1 and arrived at Frederick on the latter date.

May 4, Sunday. Winchester, Virginia.
In company with Braddock arrives at Winches-
ter. See May 6.

May 6, Tuesday. Winchester.

“A very fatiguing ride and long round about,
brought me to the General (the day I parted with
you) at Frederick-Town. This is a small village,
15 miles below the Blue Ridge on the Maryland
side of the Potowmack. From thence we proceeded
to this place, where we have halted since Saturday
last, and shall depart for Wills-Creek tomorrow.”
—To John Augustine Washington.

In Winchester Washington stopped at William
Cock’s. “By a Servant Maid at Cocks’s 5/9.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 73

 

May |

May 10, Saturday. Fort Cumberland (Wills
Creek), Maryland.
“Mr. Washington is appointed Aide de Camp
to His Excellency General Braddock.’”—Brad-
dock Orderly Book.

May 14, Wednesday. Fort Cumberland.

“T overtook the General at Frederick-Town, in
Maryland, and proceeded with him, by way of
Winchester, to this place which gave him a good
opportunity to see the absurdity of the route, and
of damning it very heartily.”—To John Augustine
W ashington. ,

May 15, Thursday. Fort Cumberland.

“T was sent to Col. [John] Hunter for a supply
of money and arrived as far as Winchester on the
day following.” —W ashington Letter Book.

May 16, Friday. Winchester.

“T have Letters from the General and Paymas-
ter with Bills and proper Instructions, all of which
I shall deliver when I have the pleasure of meeting
you, and this I expect will be in Williamsburg on
Wednesday next as I am now on my way down
and shall delay no time on the journey.” —T'o John
Hunter.

May 22, Thursday. Claiborne’s Ferry.
“Proceeded_ myself thro Fairfax where I was74 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

detained a day getting horses. At Clayburne’s
Ferry the 22d I met the express I had sent [to
Williamsburg] as he was returning . . . pro-
ceeded on to Williamsburg where I arrived the same
day.” —Washington Letter Book.

Washington probably crossed the Blue Ridge through
one of the upper gaps, Williams’, or Vestal’s; he passed
through Alexandria, as the accounts show that he made
a payment to Captain [John] Dalton on May 20.

May 23, Friday. Williamsburg.

“In pursuance of His Excellency’s commands I
proceeded with all convenient dispatch to this place.

- As I am much fatigued and a good deal dis-

ordered by constant riding ...I shall proceed
more slowly back.” —T'o Robert Orme.
~. . . the next day time enough for me to reach
Chissels ordinary on my return.”—Washington
Letter Book.

While in Williamsburg Washington purchased a sword
belt, two combs and an ink-holder, two pairs of gloves

and gave 2 shillings 6 pence to wounded soldiers.

May 27, Tuesday. Winchester.

“The 27th I arrived at Winchester—set out on
the 29th and arrived at Camp the 30th.”—Wash-
ington Letter Book.

 

May 28, Wednesday. Winchester.
“I came to this place last night, and was greatlyCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 75

 

June |

disappointed in not finding the Cavalry, according
to promise. I am obliged to wait “till it does
arrive, or ‘till I can procure a guard from the
Militia; either of which, I suppose will detain me
two days; as you may with (almost) equal success,
attempt to raise the dead, as the force in this
Country.”—To John Augustine Washington.
Washington’s need for an escort arose from the fact
that he had with him several thousand pounds sterling
which he had obtained on orders from General Braddock,
from Mr. Balfour, Assistant to the Paymaster, Mr. John

Hunter.

May 30, Friday. Fort Cumberland.

“I arrived with my charge safe into the Camp
the 30th of last Month, after waiting a day and
piece at Winchester.”—To William Fairfax,
June 7.

June 7, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

“T take this opportunity, as it is the last I can
expect before we leave this place of enquiring after
your health.” —T'o John Carlyle.

JunE 7, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

Marched from Wills Creek to the Grove, or
Spindeloe’s Camp, about 5 miles from Fort Cum-
berland.— Braddock Orderly Book.

June 14, Saturday. Georges Creek, Pennsyl-
vania.76

 

GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

“As I wrote to you twice since the 1st Instant,
I shall only add, that the difficulties arising in our
March (from having a number of Waggons) will,
I fear, prove an insurmountable obstacle .. . . of
transporting our provisions and Stores.” —T'o John
Augustine Washington.

JUNE 28, Saturday. Great Crossing of the
Youghiogheny, Pennsylvania.

“Immediately upon our leaving the camp at
George’s Creek, on the 14th instant, (from whence
I wrote you) I was seized with violent fevers and
pains in my head, which continued without inter-
mission “till the 23d following, when I was re-
lieved, by the General’s absolutely ordering the
physicians to give me Dr. James’s powders (one
of the most excellent medicines in the world) for
it gave me immediate ease, and removed my fevers
and other complaints in four days time. My ill-
ness was too violent to suffer me to ride; therefore
I was indebted to a covered wagon for some part
of my transportation; but even in this, I could not
continue far, for the jolting was so great, that I
was left upon the road with a guard, and neces-
saries, to wait the arrival of Colonel Dunbar’s de-
tachment, which was two days march behind us,
the General giving me his word of honor, that I
should be brought up, before he reached the
French fort. This promise and the doctor’s threatsJuly | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 77

that, if I persevered in my attempts to get on, in
the condition I was, my life would be endangered,
determined me to halt for the above detachment.”
—T'o John Augustine Washington.

JUNE 30, Monday. Camp between the Great
Crossing and the Great Meadows.
“T have been excessively ill but am now recover-
ing from violent Fevers and Pains of wch my dis-
order consisted.” —T'o James Innes.

JuLY 2, Wednesday. Between Great Crossing
and Great Meadows.

“We are advanced almost as far as the Great
Meadows and I shall set out tomorrow for my own
Corps.’—To John Augustine Washington.

“By 8 days attendance of a Nurse in my Sickness
8/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuLy 8, Tuesday. Near Fort Duquesne.

“The 8th of July I rejoined (in a covered
wagon) the advanced Division of the Army, under
the immediate command of the General.’—Brad-

dock Orderly Book.

JuLy 9, Wednesday. Monongahela, near Fort
Duquesne.

“On the 9th I-.attended him [Braddock] on

horse-back, tho’ very weak and low. On this day78 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

he was attacked, and defeated by a party of French
and Indians, adjudged not to exceed 300. When
all hope of rallying the dismayed Troops and re-
covering the ground, was expired (our Provisions
and Stores being given up) I was ordered to Dun-
bar’s Camp.” —Braddock Orderly Book.

Dunbar’s camp was about seven miles beyond Great
Meadows.

Jury 15, Tuesday. Little Meadows.

“I doubt not but you have had an acct. of the
poor Genls. death by some of the affrighted wag-
gners who ran off without taking leave.”—T'o
James Innes.

Jury 18, Friday. Fort Cumberland.

“As I have heard, since my arrival at this place,
a circumstantial account of my death and dying
speech, I take this early opportunity of contradict-
ing the first and of assuring you that I have not
as yet composed the latter. By the all powerful
dispensations of Providence, I have been protected
beyond human probability and expectation; for I
had four bullets through my coat, and two horses
shot under me, yet escaped unhurt, altho’ death
was levelling my companions on every side of me.
. . . A weak and feeble state of health obliges me
to halt here for two or three days, to recover a little
strength. .. . You may expect to see me there
[Mount Vernon] on Saturday or Sunday se’nightJuly | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER no

which is as soon as I can well be down, as I shall
take in my Bullskin Plantations on my way.”—
To John Augustine Washington.

Jury 23, Wednesday. McCracken’s, Virginia.

“By Expences at McCracken’s 5/9.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

McCracken’s was about five miles south of Fort Cum-
berland, on the road to Winchester, at the fork of Pat-
terson’s Creek. Two days previous to this (July 21)
Washington purchased a mattress from a Mr. Hawthorn.

Jury 24, Thursday. Winchester.
“By Expences at Winchester 2/6.” “By Ditto
at Edward Thompsons 5/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Jury 26, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“If a Saturday Nights Rest cannot be sufficient
to enable your coming hither to Morrow, the
Lady’s will try to get Horses to equip our Chair
or attempt their strength on Foot to Salute you.”
—William Fairfax to Washington.

Juiy 27, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“By Water Mellons 1/3.”—Ledger A.

JuLy 28, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“T arrived at home the day before yesterday.
... I called at Belhaven on purpose to acquaint~~
¥

80 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

Maj. Carlyle with your desire, who will use all
possible means to procure a Vessel.”—T'o Robert

Orme.

Aveust 2, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“T am so little dispireted by what has happened
[ Braddock’s defeat] that I am always ready and
always willing to render my country any service
that I am capable of, but never upon the terms I
have done; having suffered much in my private for-
tune, besides impairing one of the best of constitu-
tions. I was employed to go a journey in the winter
(when I believe, few or none would have under-
taken it), and what did I get by it? My expences
borne! I was then appointed, with trifling pay, to
conduct a handful of men to the Ohio. What did
I get by this? Why, after putting myself to a con-
siderable expence in equipping and providing nec-
essaries for the campaign, I went out and was
soundly beaten, lost them all!—came in and had
my commission taken from me, or, in other words,
my command reduced, under pretence of an order
from home! I then went out a volunteer with Gen-
eral Braddock, and lost all my horses and many
other things; but this being a voluntary act, I ought
not to mention this, nor should I have done it, was
it not to show that I have been upon the losing or-
der ever since I entered the service, which is now
near two years. So that I think I cannot beSeptember] CoLontAL TRAVELLER 81

blamed, should I, if I leave my family again, en-
deavour to do it upon such terms as to prevent my
suffering (to gain by it being the least of my ex-
pectation) .”—T'o John Augustine Washington.

Washington’s pay as Colonel of the Ist Virginia regi-
ment was 15/ a day in 1754; in 1755 this was increased
to 30/. This rather complaining letter was written before
the Virginia Assembly voted him £300 to compensate for
the loss of his baggage, etc., at Braddock’s defeat.

Aveust 14, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“Tf it is in my power to avoid going to the Ohio
again, I shall, but if the Command is press’d upon
me by the genl. voice of the Country and offer’d
upon such terms as can’t be objected against, it
would reflect dishonour upon me to refuse it.”—
To Mrs. Mary Washington,

Aveust 24, Sunday. King William County.
“By Cash pd. for Sundries at MceGraths Ordy.
4/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

McGrath’s was on the Pamunkey River.

Avueust 27, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“By the French Barber in Wmsburg 2/6. By
Billiards 1/10.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington probably reached Williamsburg this day.
He seems to have left on his return home September 3.

SEPTEMBER 3, Wednesday. Williamsburg and
Danzies.82 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

“By Expenses at Doncastles £4.11. By the
Governors Clerk for my Commission £2.12.9. By
Ordinary Expences at Captn. Danzies 6/10.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

The commission was of Colonel of the Virginia Regi-
ment, issued by Dinwiddie August 14, and gave Wash-
ington colonial rank only and, though it made him com-
mander-in-chief of all the Virginia forces, it was not
sufficient to obtain obedience from a captain of the
British regulars who defied the colonial authority.
Danzies Ferry was in King William County, on the York
River, between Gooch and Claiborne Ferries. Doncastle’s
Ferry was in King William County on the Pamunkey

River.

SEPTEMBER 4, Thursday. Todd’s Ordinary.

“By Ditto [Ordinary expenses] at Todds
3/ 1 1/2.”—Ledger A.

This appears to have been Todd’s Bridge and Wash-
ington probably reached Fredericksburg September 5.

SEPTEMBER 6, Saturday. Fredericksburg.

“In case any of the recruiting officers should ar-
rive in Town before Major Lewis, you are then
to open the packet and deliver to such officers his
orders.”—Instructions to Mr. Commissary Dick.

“From thence I proceeded to Alexandria.”—
Letter Book.

Washington seems to have been at Mount Vernon on
September 8. “By Repairs done my Mill by Masterson
£3.15.0.”—Ledger A.September] CoLoniAL TRAVELLER 83

SEPTEMBER 11, Thursday. Alexandria.

“After wating a day or two at Fredericksburg,
writing Orders for the Recruiting officers .. . I
set out for this place in order to examine the Cloth-
ing, Provisns, &c.”—Letter Book.

Washington seems to have arrived at Alexandria
September 9: “By Cash gave the Widow Langdon
£1.12.4 1/2.”—Ledger A.

SEPTEMBER 13, Saturday.

“By Ordinary Expences at Colemans 3/1.”—
Ledger A.

Coleman’s was in Fairfax County, on the road to
Williams’ Gap, in the vicinity of what is now Centreville,
about twelve miles from old Fairfax Court House.

SEPTEMBER 14, Sunday. Winchester.

“After giving the necessary Orders, and collect-
ing Returns of Provisions, Clothing &c at this
place [Alexandria], and Stores at Rock Creek, I
continued to Winchester, where I arrived on the
fourteenth.” —Letter Book.

Rock Creek would be a little to the north of Centreville,
Fairfax County, on the direct road to Williams’, later

Snickers’ Gap.

SEPTEMBER 15, Monday. Winchester.

“By expences at Lewis’s 5/ Ditto at Cox’s 2/6
By a guide from Pattersons 2/6.”—Ledger A.
“From thence I continued to Fort Cumberland84 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

and took upon me the Command of the Troops
there.’ —Letter Book.

Cock’s Fort was on Patterson’s Creek.

SEPTEMBER 17, Wednesday. Fort Cumberland.

“George Washington, Esquire, is by His Honor
Governour Dinwiddie appointed Colonel of the
Virginia Regiment and commander in chief of all
the Forces that now are, and shall be Raised &c.
&e.” “Every Officer of the Virginia Regiment to
provide himself as soon as he can conveniently with
a Suit of Regimentals of good blue Cloath; the
Coat to be faced and cuffed with Scarlet, and
trimmed with Silver: a Scarlet waistcoat, with Sil-
ver Lace; blue Breeches, and a silver laced Hat, if
to be had, for Camp or Garrison Duty.’—Letter
Book.

SEPTEMBER 20, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

Sets out for Fort Dinwiddie, on Jackson’s River
“By Guide from Ft. Cumbd. to Ft. Dinwiddie
£2.16.3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Fort Dinwiddie was about five miles west of the Warm
Springs in Augusta County. There was no road and
Washington travelled the distance of about one hundred
and fifty miles upon the Indian path from Cresap’s, up
the South Branch of the Potomac and to the west of the
Allegheny ridge known as the Devil’s Back Bone.

SEPTEMBER 24, Wednesday. Fort Dinwiddie.
“After Examining into the state of affairs hereSeptember] CoLoNiAL TRAVELLER 85

and giving such directions as seemed convenient;
I set out on my return to Alexandria where I ar-
rived the second of October.”—Letter Book.

It is disappointing that Washington is so sparing of
details as to this journey. It seems probable that after
crossing the range from Fort Dinwiddie to Augusta
Court House [Staunton] he travelled down the valley on
the North Carolina road; but the accounts seem to hint
at his crossing the Blue Ridge below Ashby’s Gap and
reaching Fredericksburg through Culpeper, as he was at
Belvoir prior to arriving at Alexandria.

SEPTEMBER 26, Friday. Augusta Court House
[ Staunton ].

“By Exps. at Augusta Ct. House 1/3.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Washington stopped at a place called Earley’s before
reaching Augusta Court House: “By Expences at Ear-
leys 8/ 1 1/2.°—Ledger A, op. cit. Earley’s, or Early’s,
thus must have been between Fort Dinwiddie and Staun-
ton. The same day he was at Staunton he notes an ex-
pense of 1/8 at Morgan’s. There was a Haynes Morgan
living in this location in 1758 who is given the title of
Gentleman and who had been discharged from the 80th

regiment of the British Army.

SEPTEMBER 30, T'wesday. Belvoir.

“By Mrs. Spearing for Bedstead &ca. £11.6.0.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

On September 29 Washington notes an expense of 3/
lost at billiards and this may have been either at Fred-
ericksburg, or at Belvoir.86 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

OcToBER 2, Thursday. Cameron.
“By Tavern Expences at Moxley’s £1.14.8.”
Captain George Mercer’s account in Ledger A notes
an expense at Dumfries.

OctrosEr 7, Tuesday. Fredericksburg and Todd’s
Ordinary.

“Frome hence I set out on the 7th to Williams-
burgh; and from Todd’s Ordinary wrote ... in
answer to a letter I received from Major Lewis.”
—Letter Book, “By Ditto [expenses] at Todd’s
Ordy. 3/6.”—Ledger A. op. cit.

“From hence ['Todd’s] I continued my journey
to Colonel Baylor’s, when I was overtaken by an
express sent from Colonel Stephen, informing, that
a body of Indians had fallen on the inhabitants,
killed many of them, destroyed and burnt several
of their houses. ...I hereupon ... returned
immediately to Fredericksburg.” —Letter Book.

Colonel Adam Stephen wrote from Fort Cumberland.
Captain George Mercer’s account, in Ledger A, gives the
route of Washington’s hurried return as Pickett’s, Nea-
vil’s and Watts’s, on the Fredericksburg—Ashby Gap
road; the first was seven miles north of the falls of the
Rappahannock and the last was at Goose Creek Ford,
now Delaplane, Fairfax County.

Octoser 8, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“At this place I pressed Horses and rode im-
mediately to Lord Fairfax’s and Winchester; and87

 

October | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

finding everything in the utmost confusion, and no
certain accounts of the enemy I hired two scouts
to go to the Branch.” “I arrived at this place, in
less than three hours after I wrote you from Col
Baylor’s ...I shall set out this Evening for
Winchester.”

Octoser 10, Friday. Winchester.
“By Captn John Hardin £1.1.6."—Ledger A,

op. cit.

Octoser 13, Monday. Winchester.

“An inconceivable panick which prevailed
amongst the people of this county, induced me to
write the following advertisement— Whereas divers
timorous persons run through the Country and
alarm its inhabitants by False Reports, of the
Indians having attacked and destroyed the country,
even Winchester itself, and that they are still pro-
ceeding—This is to give Notice to all people that
I have great reason to believe that the Indians who
committed the late cruelties (though no lower than
the South Branch) are returned Home, as I have
certain accounts that they have not been seen nor
heard of these ten days past. And I do advise all
my Countrymen, not to be alarmed on every false
report they may hear, as they must now be satisfied,
from the many false ones that have been made; but
to keep their homes, and that care of their crops;
as I can venture to assure them that in a short time,

a88 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1755

the Frontiers will be so well guarded, that no mis-
chief can be done, either to them or their planta-
tions; which must of course be destroyed, if they
desert them in so shameful a manner. Go. Wash-
ington.” —Letter Book.

Octoser 17, Friday. Winchester.
“This day I march with about one hundred men
to Fort Cumberland.’—T'o Dinwiddie.

OcroBER 23, Thursday. Pearsall’s, South Branch.
“We arrived here today, where I met Captain
Cocks and Ashby, whom I have appointed to re-
main on Patterson Creek, the one at Nicholas
Reasmers, the other at [Charles] Sellars in order
to protect the Inhabitants.” —Letter Book.
There was a block house at Job Pearsall’s on the South

Branch of the Potomac.

Octroser 26, Sunday. Fort Cumberland.

“You are to see that the arms here in store be im-
mediately inspected ... and those fit for duty,
to be packed in chests to be sent down to Win-
chester.” —T'0 Commissary Dick.

OcToBEer 28, T’wesday. Winchester.
“The Officers who came down from Fort Cum-
berland with Colonel Washington, are immediately

to go recruiting.’ —Letter Book.November] CoLontaL TRAVELLER 89

 

Ocroser 30, Thursday. Neavil’s, Fairfax County.
“By Expens. at Jo: Neavils 6/ 7 1/2 Ditto
George’s 13/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This same day Washington reached Colston’s: “By
Ditto at Colston’s £2.14.6.”

NoveMser 1, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By Jervis Heyden for Corn 11/3.” —Ledger A,
op. cit.

NovEMBER 2, Sunday. King William County.
‘“Eixpens. at McGraths 3/1 1/2.”’—Ledger A,
op. cit.

NoveMsBeEr 7, Friday. Yorktown.
“By expences at York 5/ 7 1/2.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

November 8, Saturday. Wilhamsburg.
“By Coach hire at Sundry times 5/6. By re-
pairs to my Watch 6/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMsBer 11, Twesday. Williamsburg.
“Sundrie Tickets for ye Ball £4.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

NoveMBErR 17, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“By Mr. Jas. Hunter for his own Lydes & Mr.90 GEORGE W ASHINGTON [1755

Wm. Hunters Accts. in full £5.18.7.”—Ledger
A, op. Cit.
Washington returned from Williamsburg to Freder-

icksburg by way of Colonel Carter Braxton’s.

NoveMBeEr 18, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.

“T came to this place on Sunday last and in-
tended to proceed immediately up but. . . de-
termined me to go to Alexandria where I shall wait
a few days hoping to meet the Express from

General Shirley.”—T'0 Adam Stephen.

NoveMBER 25, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“By cash pd. the Balle. of Majr. Carlyle’s Acct.
£101.18.7.”—Ledger A.

NovEMBER 28, Friday. Alexandria.

“T would therefore have as little labour lost at
Fort Cumberland as possible until I come up,
which will be very shortly, my stay here being only
for a few days in order to receive Recruits and
hurry up the Stores to Winchester.”—To Adam
Stephen.

DercreMBER 6, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Inclosed is a Bill of Laden for 3hhds Tobo.
Captn. Merrie for Lon-
don, which I beg the favour of you to make the
most off in the Sale.’—T'o Richard Washington,
London.

 

ship’d on board the1756 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 91

Dercemper 16, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“You are immediately upon receipt thereof to
repair to Winchester, where you will meet with
Colonel Washington and receive further orders.”
—George Mercer (aide ), to Captain John Mercer.

Decemser 20, Saturday. Winchester.

“T expect in a very few days to have the pleasure
of seeing you.”—T'o Adam Stephen.

From this it would seem that Washington visited Fort
Cumberland and returned to Winchester on or before
December 29: ‘“T'o Cash at Winchester 10/.”?> Account
with John Alton.—Ledger A, op. cit.

DecemMBeErR 31, Wednesday. Winchester.
“By Cocks’s House Maid 5/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.
1756

January 10, Saturday. Winchester.

“You are, out of the public money in your hands,
to pay off all the troops of the Virginia regiment.”
—T'o Alexander Boyd.

January 14, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Major Lewis being at Winchester when your
letter came to hand, was immediately dispatched
to Augusta, to take upon him the command of the
Troops destined against the Shawnese Town.”—To
Dinwiddie.92 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1756

JANuARY 31, Saturday. Belvoir.
“Colo. Fairfax’s Servts. 2/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frpruary 3, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“You are to remain at this place until my re-
turn.” —T'o John Kirkpatrick.

On February 4 Washington set out from Alexandria
for Boston, Massachusetts, to lay before General Wil-
liam Shirley, Commander-in-chief of the British forces
in America, the situation that had developed at Fort
Cumberland through the refusal of Captain John Dag-
worthy to obey, or heed, the orders of Colonel Wash-
ington. Dagworthy held a commission of captain in the
British regulars and chose to assume that he could not
be commanded by a colonel of Provincials. Fort Cum-
berland being in Maryland and Dagworthy being a Mary-
land officer complicated the situation. Washington was
accompanied by his aide-de-camp, Captain George Mercer,
and his two servants, Thomas Bishop and John Alton.

Frsruary 4, Wednesday. Bladensburg, Mary-
land.
“To Ditto [cash] at Bladensburg, in Maryland
£20.15.0.”” Account with Captain George Mercer.
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Fersruary 8, Sunday. Philadelphia.

“By sundry small expences at Philadelphia
62.3.0. By Ditto at Schoolkill £1.1.6.—
Ledger A.

Washington seems to have remained in PhiladelphiaFebruary| CoLoniaAL TRAVELLER 93

until February 13 or 14. “By Servants between Phila.
and New York 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit., February 15.

Frsruary 15-18, Sunday—Wednesday. New
York City.

“By Cash for my Club at Tavn. 5/1 for treatg.
Ladies to ye Mi[crocos]m £1.8.0. At Mrs.
Baron’s Rout 6/ Club at Willets 4/2 [February
18-20] “treating Ladies to ye Microcosm [£1.4.0
Mr. Robinson’s servts.] £1.8.6 Gave to Servants
on ye Rd. 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

The Microcosm, or the World in Miniature, was exhib-
ited at the New Exchange building. It was said to have
been made by the then late Henry Bridges, of London,
and to have taken him twenty-two years to construct it.
Parties of 6 would be admitted at 6/2 shillings each. Mr.
Robinson was Beverley Robinson, son of the Speaker of
the Virginia Assembly, who had married into the Philipse
family, of Philipse Manor, New York. He adhered to
the Crown in the Revolutionary War and is remembered

principally for his connection with Arnold’s treason.

Ferpruary 20, Friday. New York.

“Colonel Washington, of Virginia, but last from
Philadelphia left this city [New York] for Boston
on Friday last.”—Penna. Gazette, Feb. 26.

Frsruary 26, Thursday. Rhode Island.
“By Cash to Mr. Malbones Servants £4.0.0.
to a bowle broke £4.”—Ledger A, op. cit.94. GEORGE WASHINGTON [1756

Frepruary 27, Friday. Boston.

“By Ditto [cash] to a Man of Wars Crew 11/3
at Cards at the Governors £1.2.6. crossing to
Castle William 11/3 at Cards £3.18.9.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

When Washington was in Boston he stopped at Crom-
well’s Head Tavern on School Street.—Porter: Rambles
in Old Boston, p. 384.

Governor Shirley rendered his decision upon the ques-
tion of command at Fort Cumberland, in part as: “‘it is
my opinion that Capt. Dagworthy who now acts under
a Commission from the Governor of the Province of
Maryland and where there are not regular troops join’d,
can only take rank as a Provincial Captain . . . in case
it shall happen that Colonel Washington and Captain
Dagworthy should join at Fort Cumberland, It is my
Orders that Colonel Washington should take the com-
mand.” March 5.

Marcu 10-14, Wednesday—Sunday. New York
City.
“Mr. Robinson’s Servants £1.4.0.”"—Ledger A,
op. cit.
While in New York Washington was forced to borrow
from Beverley Robinson £91.7.6. He seems to have

reached Philadelphia March 14.

Marcu 14, Sunday. Philadelphia.
“By Ditto [cash] for a Ticket to ye Assembly

7/6.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington passed through Chester, probably MarchA pril | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 95

21, and arrived in Alexandria, March 23. “Exps. at
Chester 10/6.” “Ditto fm. Phila. to Alexa. £6.11.6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 19, Friday. Philadelphia.

“To Ditto [cash] of Mr. Carlyle at Philadelphia
£107.10.0.” Account with Captain George
Mercer.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 25, Thursday. Dumfries, Virginia.
“By Cash to my Nurse £1.0.0. By Ditto Ex-
pences at Dumfries 1/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 27, Saturday. Caroline Court House.
and Todd’s Ordinary.
“By Exps at Caroline Ct. House Bf 2) Woe

Ledger A, op. cit.
“Ditto at Todds 10/.”

Marcu 28, Sunday. King William Court House.
“By Ditto at King Wm Ct. House 10/.—

Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 30, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“Exps. at Doncastles 3/6.” “By Exps. at
Weatherburns 2/6 Barber 3/1 1/2.”—Ledger A.
op. cit.

Aprit 1, Thursday. Williamsburg.
“FEixps. at Weatherbns. 25/10.”—Ledger A,

Op. cit.96 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1756

Aprit 2, Friday. Danzies Ferry and Todd’s.
“Exxpens. at Danzies 43/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington reported to Governor Dinwiddie the result

of his mission to General Shirley and was now on his way

back to the frontier headquarters in Winchester.

Apri 6, Tuesday. Winchester.
See next entry.

Aprit 7, Wednesday. Winchester.

“T arrived here yesterday, and think it advisable
to despatch an express . . . to inform you of the
unhappy situation of affairs in this quarter.
Unless a stop is put to the depredations of the
Indians, the Blue Ridge will soon become our

frontier.” —T'o Dinwiddie.

Apri 21, Wednesday. Winchester.

At a council of war it was decided to remain at
Winchester rather than risk the small force there
in marching to the relief of the country around
the Warm Springs where the Indians were active.
The inhabitants were fleeing back to the more
settled districts—Letter Book.

Aprit 27, Tuesday. Winchester.
“Desolation and murder still increase. The Blue

Ridge is now our frontier.” —T'o Dinwiddie.June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 97

May 23, Sunday. Winchester.

“Ags soon as the Gentlemen Associators arrive
here I shall take that place [Fredericksburg] in
my way to Williamsburg to settle my accounts. ’—
To Dinwiddie.

The next day Washington issued an advertisement
addressed to the Inhabitants advising them that it was
now safe for them to return to their homes, and on

June 4 he set out for Williamsburg.

June 4, Friday. Snickers’ Gap, east side of the
Blue Ridge, and West’s Ordinary.

“By Ditto [cash] Expences at Snickers 9/ 1 1/2
at Wests 13/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington travelled rapidly. The next day, June 5,
he notes expenses at Brown’s, at Dumfries and at Todd’s,
just below Fredericksburg; he reached King William
Court House and Doncastle’s June 6 and, probably, was
in Williamsburg late that day, or early June 7. He
settled his accounts, visited Colonel Thomas Blackburn,
set out on his return and reached Fredericksburg, ap-
parently by June 12. He stopped at Doncastle’s, King
William Court House and Todd’s on the way. See June
25 post.

Jung [142] Monday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ditto [cash] gave my Mother 40/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

JuNE 15, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“By Ditto [cash] to Colo. Lee Rent for Mt.98 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1756

Vernon 1755 £93.15.0. By Ditto left with my
Bror. John to acct. for £2.5.0."—Ledger A;
op. cit.

Washington rented “the Mount Vernon Tract and
Slaves” to’ Colonel George Lee, for the years 1755-1761;
but it is not certain that the Mansion House was included
in the lease, the rental for 1755 was £93.15.0; for 1756
£87.10.0; 1757 and 1758, £175; 1759, £87.10.0; 1760,
£81.5.0 and 1761, £81.5.0.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Junr 16, Wednesday. Brown’s Ordinary and
West’s, Fairfax County.
“By Ditto Exps. at Browns Ordy. 2/6 at Wests
5/2.” —Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have reached Snickers’ and Win-

chester June 17.

JUNE 25, Friday. Winchester.

“When I left Williamsburg, I did it with a de-
sign to proceed with the utmost expedition to Fort
Cumberland. In order there to I arrived at Fred-
ericksburg to dinner, the day after I left your
Honour at one o’clock.”—T'o Dinwiddie.

JuNnE 26, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.
“By Ditto small disbursements at Fort Cumber-
land 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 28, Monday. Winchester.
“After Orders. The officers who are to marchJuly | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 99

with the troops tomorrow are to see that they have
their arms in good order, and are well provided
with ammunition and flints as they shall answer
the contrary. For Colonel Washington will ex-
amine them himself on the march tomorrow, and
if he finds this order neglected, the officer to whom
the men belong will be immediately put under an
Arrest.” —Letter Book.

June 29, Tuesday. On the march to Fort Cum-
berland.

Jury 5, Monday. Fort Cumberland.

“An Orderly Serjeant to attend Colonel Wash-
ington every day, while he stays in the Garrison.”
—TLetter Book.

Juiy 7, Wednesday. Fort Cumberland.
“Colonel Washington has observed, that the
men of his Regiment are very profane and repro-
bate—He takes this opportunity of informing
them of his great displeasure at such practices, and
assures them, if they do not leave them off, they
shall be severely punished. ... A Return from
the several Officers of all the men here, who were
in the Engagement with General Braddock at
Monongahela and have not received the five pounds
allowed by the Country is to be given in to Colonel100 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1756

Washington this evening at four of the clock.”—

Letter Book.

Juty 15, Thursday. Leaves Fort Cumberland
and marches to Conogochieg, arriving there July
16 or 17.—Letter Book.

Jury 18, Sunday. Conogochieg, Maryland.

“The Troops are not to march until tomorrow
morning, two o’clock. The Waggoners to have all
their Horses picketed tonight, so that no delay may

be offered tomorrow.’ —WLetter Book.

Jury 19, Monday. Winchester, Virginia.

“All the officers in town are to hold themselves
in readiness to join their respective companies, and
to march the day after tomorrow.”—Letter Book.

Aveust 7, Saturday. Winchester.

“By Ditto [cash] to Sergeant Wood Fencing
Master £1.1.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Sergeant Wood seems to have had a fencing class, the
entrance fee for which was £1.1.6, which Washington paid
and closed the account of Wood’s indebtedness to him
with a touch of dry: humor: “By Ball I never expected
£2.5.5."—Ledger A. Another human touch is found in
one of the entries under August 14: ‘By Wm. Colston
to defray his Wedg. Nights expences 15/.”

Washington seems to have left Winchester about
September 13 and to have arrived at Mount VernonSeptember] CouontaL TRAVELLER 101

by September 16: “By Cash to Ditto [my brother
John] to be accd. for £7.”—Ledger A.

SEPTEMBER 23, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Under your kind indulgence I came to this

place a few days ago, expecting to meet the ex-

ecutors of my deceased Brother.” —To Dinwiddie.

The executors of Major Lawrence Washington.

SEPTEMBER 26, Sunday.
“By Ditto [cash] Exps. at Brown’s Ordy. 5/7
1/2 Ditto at Wests 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was then on his return to Winchester.

SEPTEMBER 27, Monday. Winchester.
See next entry.

SEpreMBeER 28, T'wesday. Winchester.

“T arrived here last night and find things in the
peaceable state I left them in this Quarter; and
therefore set out tomorrow for Augusta.”’—To

Dinwiddie.

SEPTEMBER 29, Wednesday. Winchester and trav-

elling up the Shenandoah Valley at Augusta.

“By Ditto Expences at Funks 8/4 Ditto at Mil-
ler’s 3/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

It seems probable that from Winchester to Staun-
ton [Augusta Court House] Washington followed the
“Great Road from the Yadkin” and that Funk and Miller
were upon that road. McGee’s and Harris’s are two102 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1756

other places at which he notes small expenses and after
passing these he arrived at Augusta Court House. Funk

may have been the John Funk who owned Funk’s Mill.

OctoserR 1, Friday. Augusta Court House
(Staunton ].
“By Ditto [cash] paid the Sadler at Augusta
Court House 2/10.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have stayed at Staunton until
November 5 at least: “By Ditto Tavern Expences at the

same place £3.11.8.”—Ledger A.

OcrosErR 10, Halifax County.

“This day, within five miles of the Carolina line,
as I was proceeding to the southermost Fort in
Halifax; I met Major Lewis on his return from
the Cherokees.”—T'0 Dinwiddie.

On October 11 Washington notes an expense of 21/3
at Hickey’s Ordinary; on October 12 expenses of 3/ at
the Widow Evans’s, the hire of a guide 1/3, the purchase
of a horse “‘at Jas. Montgomery £8,” and the purchase of
another from David Mitchell for £13.10. Hickey was
John Hickey, described, in 1752, as a merchant. The
Lewis expedition accomplished nothing. Washington
appears to have been accompanied by Captain John
McNeill and he alludes to this journey as “our Journey to

Roanoke.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 18, Monday. Fort Dinwiddie, Jackson’s
River.

“Lieutenant Bullet, who commands at this placeNovember] CoLontAL TRAVELLER 103

in the absence of Captain Hogg tells me...” To
Major David Lewis, commanding the Albemarle
militia at Miller’s Fort.

Lewis had refused to send out his men to scout or
otherwise protect the inhabitants. Washington was
rather sharp in ascribing to them the motive of protecting

themselves only.

Ocrozer 19, Tuesday. Augusta Court House.
“By Horse hire to Augusta Court House
3/7 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Octoser 20, Wednesday. Augusta Court House
and McGee’s Ordinary.
“By horse hire and Exps. at McGees 10/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 23, Saturday. Winchester.

“Tt is Colonel Washington’s positive orders to
the officers of the day—to Captain Stone, and all
overseers of the public works, not to suffer any
man to straggle from his work.”’—Letter Book.

OctroBer 30, Saturday. Winchester.

“The men to parade at 12 0 clock tomorrow, on
beating the Long Roll, to attend prayers.’—
Letter Book.

NoveMBER 9, T'wesday. Winchester.

“I am just setting out for Fort Cumberland.”
—To Dinwiddie.
There is no record of the date on which Washington104 Grorce W ASHINGTON [1756

returned to Winchester, but it must be assumed that he
did, for, on November 15, he was on his way to Alex-

andria.

NoveMBER 15, Monday. West’s Ordinary, Fair-
fax County.
“Wests Exps. 7/6.”—Ledger A.

NovemMBer 16, Tuesday. Fairfax County and
Alexandria.
“By Expences at Hollis’s 2/6 Ditto at Alex-
andria 2/6."—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington stayed at Alexandria until November 27.

NoveMBER 27, Saturday. On the return journey
to Winchester.

“By Expenses at Hollis’s 2/6 Ditto at Wests
7/6 By Ditto at Snickers’s 3/6.”—Ledger A, op.
cit.

Washington seems to have reached Winchester by
November 30.

DecemBer 2, Thursday. Fort Loudoun [Win-
chester ].

“When I wrote your Honor from Alexandria
I expected to have been at or near Fort Cumber-
land by this; but upon coming here and expecting
waggons and provisions in readiness to go up with
this escort, I received the enclosed from the com-
missary.”—T'o Dinwiddie.W757 | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

DecemBeErR 4, Saturday. Winchester.

“By Cash pd. Captn. Cocks for Rent of his
House £40.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

From the account of this rental it would seem that
Washington lived in Cock’s house for nearly the entire
year of 1756.

DecEeMBER 16, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“To Ditto [cash] in Wmsburg pr. Acct and
Rect. £122.11.0.” Account with Colonel John
Carlyle.—Ledger A, op. cit.

This was another hurried trip to the Virginia capital;

the details appear to be unobtainable.

DrceMBeER 20, Monday. Winchester.

“As I have received Orders from his Honor
Governor Dinwiddie to repair to Fort Cumber-
land, and leave an Officer here with the command
of the Garrison; I have appointed you to the
command.”—T'o Capt. George Mercer.

L757

January 10, Monday. Fort Cumberland.
“By Cash gave the Players at Fort Cumbd.
£1.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JANUARY 22, Saturday. Winchester.
“By a Waggener for driving my Waggon to
Alexa. £1.1.3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

The exact date on which Washington left Winchester106 GEORGE WASHINGTON [ 1757

is not clear, nor is it certain when he arrived in Alex-
andria. It seems likely that he reached the latter place,

at least by January 30.

FEBRUARY 13, Sunday. Alexandria.

“By Cash lodgd with Colo. Carlyle to pay for
Negros £150.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Under this date also appears an entry: “The Sadler
at Marlborough 1/3.”

Fresruary 15, Tuesday. South River, Anne
Arundel County, Maryland and Annapolis.

“By ferrymen at So: River 1/3 Mr. Wolsten-
holmes Servts 1/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

South River is just below Annapolis. Washington was
on his way to Philadelphia; he evidently crossed the
Potomac at Alexandria and passed through Marlborough.
He was in Annapolis February 14, at Daniel Wolfsten-

home’s.

Frpruary 19, Saturday. Maryland and Dela-
ware.

“Ditto [cash] at N. Town 1/ By Hostler at
Frederick Town 1/3 Ditto at R. Lyon 1/ 5 1/72.”
—ledger A, op. cit.

N. Town was Newtown, in Kent County; this Frederick
Town was in Cecil County and R. Lyon, probably was
the Red Lion Inn which was a few miles west of New-
castle, Delaware. Lord Loudoun had summoned the
Governors of the Southern Colonies to meet him at Phil-

adelphia, February 17, but they did not assemble untilad

CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 107

   

March |

 

March 15. Washington wrung a reluctant consent from
Dinwiddie to visit Philadelphia on this occasion. He
seems to have reached Philadelphia by February 21.
After the conference got under way, March 15, the ses-
sions lasted nine days. Washington remained in the city

until the meeting adjourned.

Frpruary 22, Tuesday. Philadelphia.
“Govr. Sharpes Servt. 2/6.’—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frpsruary 26, Saturday. Philadelphia.
“Mr. Allan’s Servts. 8/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This was probably Andrew Allen, later Attorney Gen-

eral of Pennsylvania.

Marcu 17, Thursday. Philadelphia.

“Exps. at ye Fountn. 5/.”—Ledger A. Club at
the Coffee Ho. 3/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

The Fountain Tavern and the old London Coffee
House. Washington seems to have indulged in the social
gaieties with a zest that is indicative of the dull routine
of the days on the frontier in Winchester. There are
four entries for tickets to the Assembly within the month,
one for 30 shillings lost at cards and indications of other
amusements, the exact nature of which it is now difficult
to make out, though there seem to have been exhibitions
of one kind or another. Washington was accompanied
on this trip by Captain Robert Stewart and his two serv-
ants, John Alton and Thomas Bishop. They seemed to
have returned to Virginia the end of March by way of108 GEORGE WASHINGTON EL7or

Georgetown, Kent County, Maryland, and South River.
Washington was in Alexandria April 1, and seems to
have visited Belvoir before setting out for Fort Cum-

berland.

Aprit 5, Tuesday. On the road to Winchester.

“By Exps. at Browns 8/ Ditto at Wests 16/6.”
—luedger A, Op. cit.

“I set out immediately for Fort Loudoun and
from thence to Fort Cumberland if time will admit
of it.... I shall be down by the 28th if possible.”
—To Dinwiddie.

The Council of Governors at Philadelphia had decreed
that Washington should withdraw the Virginia troops
from Fort Cumberland as soon as Captain Dagworthy

arrived there with Maryland troops.

[Aprit 6, Wednesday]. Snickers’ Gap.

“Eixpences at Snickers 11/6 Billds. 6/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

This billiard entry implies that Washington reached
Winchester either April 6 or 7. Prior to April 8 there
are entries for expenses at Edwards’ of 10/ and at Job
Pearsall’s of 20/.

Aprit 16, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

Holds a council of war at the fort. “It will not
be in my power to be in Williamsburg by the 22d
as your Honor desires; but as soon after as I can
I certainly will.’—To Dinwiddie.May | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 109

Aprit 24, Sunday. Fredericksburg.

“By the Sadler at Fredg. 15/.’—Ledger A,
op. cit.

On some date shortly prior to this Washington left
Winchester and reached Fredericksburg by way of
Snickers’, Brown’s and the Occoquan ferry. On the way
he visited Colonel Thomas Blackburn and, after leaving
Fredericksburg, stopped at Chissel’s. He seems to have
reached Williamsburg April 25 or 26.

Apri 27, Wednesday. Williamsburg.
“By Tickets to the Concert 16/3.”—Ledger A,

op. cit.

May 12, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“By Expences at Mrs. Vobes 13/9.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Mrs. Jane Vobe; Washington lodged with her fre-

quently, while in Williamsburg.

May 17, Tuesday. On the road to Fredericks-
burg.

“By Supper and Club at Southalls 2/6 By Ex-
pences at Danzies 25/ Ditto at Todds 6/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

John Barret Southall, who afterward became the
owner of the Raleigh Tavern. The exact dates on which
Washington was at these various places are not avail-
able. On his way up he visited Colonel Baylor and seems
to have arrived in Fredericksburg on May 20 or 21. “By
Cash lent my Mother £5” and “By Mrs. Talbot (Nancy110 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1787

39

West that was) for making Shirts £2.” On the way up

to Winchester Washington stopped at West’s.

May 24, Tuesday. Fort Loudoun (Winchester).

~The bearer of this is Sergeant Feint, a young
fellow who went out with the first party of Cut-
tawba Indians, commanded by Captain Johnny
and taken near the French fort at the time we
supposed and reported him to be killed, from the
information which the,Indians brought in. He
made his escape from a small Delaware Town on
a branch of Muskingum called White Womans
Creek, in company with a Cuttawba who was taken
when he was. As he is a sensible young fellow, I
beg leave to refer your Honor to him for partic-
ulars with regard to his observations on the coun-
try, strength of the enemy, and the manner of his
escape.’ —T'o Dinwiddie.

JuNE 16, Thursday. Fort Loudoun.

Council of War decides to withdraw troops from
Maidstone and the small forts on the South Branch
of the Potomac and to concentrate at Fort Lou-
doun.—Letter Book.

Aveust 2, Tuesday. On the way to Alexandria.
“By Edw. Snickers 6/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 5, Friday. Thompson’s and Coleman’s,
“airfax County.September] CoLontAL ‘TRAVELLER Del

 

“By Cash pd. Edward Thompson £1.5.0 By
Ditto pd. Coleman 15/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Thompson’s was in Short Hills Gap and Coleman’s at

the crossing of Sugarland Run.

Aveust 17, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“lent Mrs. Fairfax 2/6.”’—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 22, Monday. Alexandria.

“By Ditto [cash] lent Mr. Ramsay £80.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

It would seem by the undated entries in the ledger that
Washington returned to Alexandria from Belvoir August
18 or 19. “To Cash paid you in Alexandria £7.10.0.”
Account with Robert Johnson.—Ledger A, op. cit.

Avueust 23, Tuesday. On the road to Winchester.
“By Ditto [cash] Exps. at Coleman’s 6/3 Ditto
at Thompsons 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
In all probability Washington reached Winchester
August 24 or 25.

Aveust 27, Saturday. Winchester.
‘Ditto to Mason’s Club 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“By Ditto lent Mr. Ramsay £70.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Expenses of 5/ are noted at Dempsey Carrol’s and at

West’s of 21/, but no dates are given for these or for112 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1757

the £1.5 at Snickers’ though Washington was evidently
on his return to Winchester, which he seems to have

reached the end of September or beginning of October.

Ocroser 21, Friday. Winchester.

“By Mr. Richd. Stephenson 42/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

There is some vagueness as to Washington’s move-
ments at this time. He employed a guide and, appar-
ently, travelled as far west as Gist’s which would have
carried him across the mountains and into Pennsylvania:
Oct. 23, “By Cash lent Captn. Gist £2.7.6.” and Nov. 2,
“By Vallentine Crawford £3.7.6.”

NoveMBEr 8, T'wesday. Snickers’, Fairfax County.
“By Ditto at Snickers 20/ By Ditto at Wests
20/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

December 26, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“Your favour of the 28th September came to
hand the 20th Instt. My Goods, that is, such part
as you have sent me, I am told will be round from
Rappahannock River  shortly."—T'o Thomas
Know, Bristol, England.CHAPTER IV
Tue Farmer Burcess: 1758-1760
1758

JaNuARY 8, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“T wrote you a Letter of the 26th Ulto; since
which I have had an opportunity of seeing the
great damage my China is apt to come to in its
transportation to this Country (unless much care
is used in the Package).”—T'o Richard Washing-
ton, London.

January 13, Friday. WHobb’s Hole (Tappahan-
nock, Virginia).

“Ditto Exps. to Hobs hole 9/.”—Ledger A, op.
cit.

Washington seems to have made a journey to Fred-
ericksburg and Caroline County, but very few details are
available. He stopped at Caroline Court House and on
January 28 was at Colonel Alexander Spotswood’s; by
the end of the month he was back in Fredericksburg:
“By Cards and Supper at Julians 11/9,” and early in
February started back to Mount Vernon. “By Cash for
my Subscription to buildg. a Market Ho. at Fredericks-
burg pd. Mr. Fieldg. Lewis £5.”

January 30, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“Hearing of the Governor’s departure for
113114 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1758

England; I think it a duty incumbent on me to
inform your Honour, that I lingered a long time
under an illness which obliged me to retire from
my command (by the Surgeons advice, and with
the Governor’s approbation) and that I am yet
but imperfectly recovered from it; which is the
“ause that detains me from my Duty.”—To

Speaker John Blair.

January 31, Tuesday. Yredericksburg.

“T am greatly distressed to know what conduct
to observe in regard to the Indians that are com-
ing to our assistance. I would notwithstanding
the ill state of health I am in to go directly to
Winchester cou’d I flatter myself that the Service
wou’d reap any real advantage from it. "—To

Speaker Blair.

Fersruary 9, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“To Cash at Mount Vernon £1.’—Account
with John Alton.—Ledger A.

Washington passed through Dumfries and crossed
the Occoquan Ferry and on, or about, February 13, he
visited Belvoir. “Colo. Fairfax’s Servants: Myrtilla,

chambermaid, house boy etc. 19/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frpruary 20, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“T set out for Williamsburg the day after the
date of my letter by Jenkins; but found I was un-
able to proceed, my fever and pain increasing uponMarch] COLONIAL 'TRAVELLER 115

me to an high degree and the Physicians assured
me, that I might endanger my life in prosecuting
the journey. In consequence of this advice I re-
turned back to this place again.”—T'o Speaker
John Blair.

Marcu 4, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“T am now under a strict regimen and shall set
out tomorrow for Williamsburg to receive the ad-
vice of the best Physicians there.”—T'o Col. John
Stanwix.

This same day Washington commenced his journey as
he notes an expense at Dumfries, and also at Allan’s
Ordinary.

Marcu 10, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“By my Mothers Sue 3/9.”

And it seems possible that Washington went down the
Rappahannock to Hobb’s Hole, where he landed and took
the road to King William Court House.

Marcu 11, Saturday. Hobb’s Hole.
“Piscataway Ferry and Exps. at Hobs hole
10/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.
Piscataway Ferry was about five miles south of Hobb’s
Hole, over a branch of the Rappahannock.

Marcu 13, Monday. On the road to Williams-
burg.116 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1758

“By Evans’s Ordy. 4/6.” “By Exps. at Chiz-
zels Ordy 4/ 4 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington seems to have arrived in Williamsburg
this same day. He consulted Dr. Amson on March 15,
returned to Chisel’s March 16 and went up to the Brick
House and Colonel Burwell Bassett’s, on the York River,
on the 16th. He again stopped at Chisel’s and at Ash-
ley’s Ordinary and on March 25 was at Captain Danzies’.

Marcu 18, Saturday. Williamsburg.

“T have been much afflicted by Sickness since
last Fall, and am not yet recovered but hope I am
now in a fair way of regaining my health.”—To
Richard Washington, London.

Marcu 25, Saturday. Danzies, King William
County.
“By Ditto [cash] at Capt. Danzies 14/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 29, Wednesday. Chamberlayne’s.

“By Ferriages at Chamberlands 3/6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

This same day Washington reached Todd’s Warehouse
and visited Col. John Baylor.

Marcu 30, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“By Do [cash] left with Mr. Lewis to buy a
Bill of Excha. £72.10.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.A pril | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 117

Arrit 2, Sunday. On the road to Winchester.

“The Bearer, unfortunately pursuing me, in-
stead of continuing on from Fredericksburg
(when he heard that I had passed that place, in my
way to Alexandria) is the cause of the inclosed
being detained so long from your Honour.” —To
President John Blair.

Aprit 3, Monday. Carrol’s Ordinary.
“Exps. at Carrols 3/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprin 4, Tuesday. West's Ordinary and
Snickers’ Gap.

“By Exps. at Wests 9/ Snickers’s 2/9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 5, Wednesday. Winchester.

“Captn. Whiting is arrived and my letters by
him are come to hand, but not the Goods. . .
You are pleas’d to Dub me with a Title I have no
Pretensions to—that is—ye Honble.’—To Richard
W ashington, London.

Aprit 9, Sunday. Fort Loudoun [ Winchester ].

“About 400 Indians had come to this place
before I arrived, and the most of these (accom-
panied by some officers and soldiers) are gone out
to war.”—To President Blair.118 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1758

Aprit 29, Saturday. Winchester.
“By Club at Bushes 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Philip Bush’s inn at Winchester was called “The
Golden Buck.”

May 4, Thursday. Winchester.

“By a Ring from Phila. 16/ By Cash sent Mrs.
Fairfax to pay Miss Dent for making some Shirts
for me £3.12.”

 

Ledger A, op. cit.

May 6, Saturday. Winchester.
“By Club &ca. at Bushes 3/.”—Ledger A, op.
cit.

May 24, Wednesday. Fort Loudoun.

“Sr. John St. Clair having by virtue of a Power
from the Commander in chief for the Southern
district, put the troops of this Colony under
marching Orders and at the same time thought it
necessary that I should wait upon the President
to settle the Affairs of the two Virginia Regi-
ments—You are therefore to remain at this place;
ready—if no contradictory Orders come from a
Superior Officer—to execute any Instructions
that may arrive for me.”—T'o Lt. Col. Adam
Stephen.

May 25, Thursday. Comb’s, Blackmore’s and
Hardin’s Ordinaries.
“By Expences at Comb’s 2/ Do. at BlackmoresJune | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 119

5/ By Ditto at Hardin’s 18/3.’—Ledger A, op.
cit.

Washington set out for Williamsburg this day, by
way of Ashby’s Gap. He travelled rapidly as he reached
Hardin’s in Stafford County this same day and Fred-

ericksburg the next.

May 26, Friday. Fredericksburg and Todd's.
“By Mr. Lewis’s Bob 1/3 Expences at Todds
2/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

May 28, Sunday. Williamsburg.

“I came here at this critical juncture by the ex-
press order of Sir John St. Clair to represent in
the fullest manner the posture of our affairs at
Winchester.” —To President Blair.

May 29, Monday, New Kent County. (Colonel
Burwell Bassett’s. )
“By Colo. Bassets Servants 12/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Junr 5, Monday. The Custis plantation in
New Kent and Claiborne’s in King William
County.

“By Mrs. Custis’s Servants 14/6 Mr. Clay-
burn’s Negroes 1/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit. This
same day Washington reached Todd’s: “By Exps.
at Todds 2/.”

JuNE 6, Tuesday. On the road to Winchester.120 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1758

“By Exps. at Hoppers 1/3 A Guide 3/9 By
Exps at Combs’s &ca. 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 14, Wednesday. Fort Loudoun.

“T find on my return to this place last night, the
letters which are enclosed.”—T'o Sir John Sin-
clair.

JUNE 24, Saturday. Fort Loudoun.

“I was last night favoured with your letter of
the 22d. ...I am just going to march.”—To
Sir John Sinclair,

JUNE 26, Monday. Camp at North River, a
branch of the Cacapehon.

“T have just encamped at this place on my
march to Fort Cumberland with a weak escort to
a large convoy of Prisoners &c.”—To Capt.
Peter Waggener.

JUNE 30, Friday. Pearsall’s Fort, South Branch
of the Potomac.

“You are to remain at this place . . . make
regular returns of your command to me while I
am at Fort Cumberland, and to Lt. Smith after
I shall have marched from that place.”—T'o Sergt.
David W oelpper.

Jury 1, Saturday. Near Fort Cumberland.

V0.0

“Exxpences of Byerleys 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.August | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 121

Juty 3, Monday. Camp near Fort Cumberland.
“According to Order I marched from Win-
chester the 24th and arrived at this place Yester-
day in the afternoon with five Companies of the
first Virginia Regiment and a Company of Ar-
tificers of the 2d.”—Z'o Col. Henry Bouquet.

Jury 9, Sunday. Near Fort Cumberland.

“Your favour of yesterday was delivered to me
last night. I immediately directed all your orders
to be executed. The wagons... go off today.”
—To Bouquet.

Juxy 13, Thursday. Fort Cumberland.

“It gives me great pleasure to find you approve
of the Dress I have put my men into.”—To
Bouquet.

Washington discarded the regimentals and put his

troops into Indian dress.

Jury 29, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

“Tomorrow I am summon’d to a conference
with Colonel Bouquet on the Ray’s 'Town Road.”
—To Gabriel Jones.

Avcust 2, Wednesday. Fort Cumberland.

“T have just returned from a conference held
with Colonel Bouquet. I find him fixed, I think
I may say, unalterably fixed, to lead you a new
way to the Ohio.”—T'o Major Francis Halket.122 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1758

Aveustr 18, Friday. Winchester.

“By my Expences at Mr. Hites to ye date here-
of as pr. acct rendered £85.5.4 3/4."—Ledger A.
op. cit.

Jacob Hite’s, a few miles south of Winchester. It
would seem from this and the expense entry of December
4, 1756, that the larger part of the time Washington
was at Winchester, in command of the Virginia troops,
he lived at William Cock’s and Jacob Hite’s.

SrePTeMBER 2, Saturday. Fort Cumberland.

“If you are surprized to find us still encamped
at this place, I shall only remark that your sur-
prize can not well exceed my own.’—To Governor

Francis Fauquier.

SEPTEMBER 12, T'wesday. Fort Cumberland.

“I am extremely sorry to hear of your Excel-
lency’s indisposition; but I hope to have the pleas-
ure of seeing you shortly at Raystown, much
amended, if not quite recovered.”—T'o General
Forbes.

Forbes’ health did not improve and he died shortly

after this campaign.

SrepremBer 25, Monday. Raystown, Pennsyl-
ania.

“T marched to this Camp the 21st instant, by

order of the General.” [Forbes].—T'o Governor

Fauquier.November] CoLoniAL ‘TRAVELLER 123

Octosrer 30, Monday. Loyal Hanna, Pennsyl-
vania.

“My sudden march from Raystown .. . al-
lowed me no time to furnish . . . proper estimates
for drawing the pay of our Regiment. ... My
march to this post gave me an opportunity of
forming a judgment of the Road and I can truly
say that it is indescribably bad. Had it not been
for an accidental discovery of a new passage over
the Laurel Hill, our Carriages must inevitably
have stopped on the other side.”—T'o0 Governor

Fauquier.

Novemeer 5, Sunday. Loyal Hanna.

“The General being arrived with most of our
artillery and troops, we expect to move forward
in a very few days.” —T'o Governor Fauquier.

Novemser 15, Wednesday. Camp on Chestnut
Ridge.
“An Express from Colo. Armstrong offered me
an opportunity of informing you that we marched
hither about 4 o’clock this afternoon.”—To Gen-

eral Forbes.

Novemser 17, Friday. Camp near Bushy Run.
“After the most constant labor from daybreak

till night, we were able to open the road to this

place, only about six miles from our last camp.’ —

To General Forbes.124 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1758

November 18, Saturday. Armstrong’s Camp
[near Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania].

“TI came to this camp about eleven o’clock today
. . - I thought it expedient to halt here till three
in the morning when I shall begin to march with
one thousand men, leaving Colonel Armstrong
with five hundred more in this camp.”—To Gen-
eral Forbes.

Colonel John Armstrong, of Pennsylvania

NovEMBER 28, Tuesday. Fort Duquesne.

“Fort Duquesne, or the ground rather on which
it stood was possessed by his Majesty’s troops on
the 25th instant. The enemy after letting us get
within a days march of the place, burned the fort
and ran away (by the light of it) at night, going
down the Ohio by water, to the number of about
500 men, from our best information.”—T'o Gov-

ernor Fauquier.

Dercemrer 2, Saturday. Loyal Hanna, Penn-
sylvania.

“The General thought, that my waiting upon
your Honor would be more eligable [than writing
areport]. This I accordingly attempted; but, up-
on trial, found it impracticable to proceed with
despatch, for want of horses (now having near two
hundred miles to march before I could get aDecember] CoLoNtAL TRAVELLER 125

 

supply), those I have at present being knocked
up. —To Governor Fauquier.

DeEcEMBER 9, Saturday. Winchester, Virginia.
“T arrived at this place last night and was just
sitting out (tho’ very much indisposed) for my
own House when I was honored with your oblig-
ing favour of the 3d instant.”—T'o Governor

Fauquier.

DercemsBer 10, Sunday. West's Ordinary and
Belvoir.
“By Expens. at Wests 7/5 Servants at Colo.
Fx. 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DeEcEMBER 22, Friday. Colonel John Baylor’s
and Todd’s.
“By ye Servants at Colo. Baylors 1/3 Exps. at
Tods 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DeEcEMBER 25, Monday. Chissel’s Ordinary.
“By Exps. at Chizzels Ordy. 5/.”—Ledger A,

op. cit.

DrcempBer 30, Saturday. Williamsburg.

“The Governor’s writing full to [you] upon the
posture of affairs here, and the present system of
management, leaves me no room to add... I
should be glad to hear of your safe arrival at head-
quarters.” —T'o General Forbes.GEORGE WASHINGTON

1759

JANUARY 6, Saturday.

Married this day to Martha Parke Custis, the
widow of Daniel Parke Custis and daughter of
Colonel John Dandridge, Ford says in St. Peter’s
Episcopal church a few miles from the Custis
White House, on the Pamunky River, New Kent
County.—Bishop Meade contends that the wed-
ding took place at the White House, and that the
officiating clergyman was the Reverend David
Mossum.

Some time in January Washington and his bride
set out from New Kent for Williamsburg. The
accounts are not definite, but there is an item of ex-
penses at Chissel’s Ordinary. February 7 there is
an expense of 3 1/3 at Hubbard’s which supports
the idea that the Washingtons again visited Wil-
liamsburg. They apparently stayed at the Vir-
ginia capital throughout the month of March as
there is an entry for ball tickets on an unnoted
date. The beginning of April the Washingtons
went to Mount Vernon as a definite entry under
April 7 states: “By Sunday Expens. in my jour-
ney from Williamsburg to Fairfax 19/ 1 1/2.”—

Ledger A, op. cit.

Apri 8, Sunday. Mount Vernon.May | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 127

“To Cash pd. you at my House £5.” Account
Ledger A, op. cit.

 

with Peter Greenlaw.

Apri 13, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“To Ditto [cash] at Ditto [Mount Vernon],
£1.” Account with John Alton.—Ledger A, op.
cit.

Aprit 17, Tuesday. Layton’s Ferry and Cole-
man’s.
“By Ferry at Layton’s 3/6 Exps. at Colemans

4,/ 4 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Apri 18, Wednesday. Claiborne’s, Doncastle’s
and Williamsburg.

“By the Ferrymen at Claibornes 1/ 7 1/2 By
Exps at Doncastles 4/ By a Chr. bot. of Mr.
P. Claiborne Mr. Braxton’s £50."—Ledger A,
op. cit.

A description of this chair, or coach, does not seem
available. The day of Washington’s arrival in Wil-
liamsburg is surmise only, but it seems likely that it was
on April 18.

Aprit 24, Tuesday. Williamsburg.
“By Anthy. Hay 7 £3.”—Ledger A.

May 1, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“The Inclosed is the Ministers certificate of my
Marriage with Mrs. Martha Custis—properly I
am told—Authenticated You will therefore for128 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1759

the future please to address all your Letters which
relate to the Affairs of the late Danl. Parke Custis
Esqr. to me. as by Marriage I am entitled to a
third of that Estate, and Invested likewise with the
care of the other two thirds by a Decree of our Gen-
eral Court which I obtained in order to strengthen
the Power I before had in consequence of my Wifes
Administration.” —T'o Robert Cary & Co., London.

May 4, Friday. Williamsburg.
“By Racing £4 By my Wife 3£.”—Ledger
A,

May 7, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“Till I hear from you I have nothing worth
mentioning. I have quit a Military Life; and
shortly shall be fixed at this place with an agree-
able Partner, and then shall be able to conduct my
own business with more punctuality than hereto-
fore as it will pass under my own immediate in-
spection.”—T'o Richard Washington.

May 16, Wednesday. On the road to his Fred-
erick County land.
“By Expences at Comb’s 4/ 4 1/2.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.
May 21, Monday. Winchester.
“By Do. [cash] pd. Do. [my account] with Phil
Bush £9.12.6 By Do. [cash] Exps. at Shannon-July | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 129

doah 5/ By Do. at Colo. Fx quarter 2/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was back at Mount Vernon by May 24
“By Richard Stephen’s—to pay for Corn £16.7.9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Junr, At some unknown date about the middle
of the month Washington and Mrs. Washington
visited New Kent. “By Mrs. Dandridge Servt.
2/6 Ferriage West pt. 5/.”—Ledger A.

JULY 3, Tuesday.
“By Mrs. Washington £1.11.8 By Mr. Cham-
berlaynes Will £1.”’—Ledger A.

Juty 9, Monday. Fredericksburg.

“By my Mother £15.”—Ledger A.

Prior to this date is entered “By Exps. on the Road to
Fairfax £3.5.6.” Washington was back at Mount Vernon
some time before July 30.

JuLy 30, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“A few days ago I with inexpressible pleasure
received your Affectionate and most obliging fa-
vour of the 30th of July from Mount Vernon.’—
Robert Stewart from Pittsburg, to Washington,
September 28, 1759.

On this day Washington paid a visit to Nangemy, the
expense of which was £1. This visit may have had some
connection with the entry under this date: “By Richard130 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1759

Stephens—to discharge him from Prison Bounds at suit
of Mr. Kirkpatrick £21.”—Ledger A. It is difficult to
discover how long Washington stayed in Maryland on
this visit. On August 20 he notes ferry expenses of 5/
and 7/6 for ditto in Maryland and in John Posey’s ac-
count Washington notes: “By Ditto [cash] when we were
at Nangemy Maryd. Curry 22/ £1.2.0.” By Septem-
ber 1 Washington was back at Mount Vernon.

SEPTEMBER 1, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“Articles of Agrement made Indented the First
day of September One Thousand Seven hundred
and fifty nine Between John Askew of the County
of Fairfax Joiner of the one part and George
Washington of the said County Gentleman of the
other part . . .’—Washington Papers, LC.

SEPTEMBER 20. Thursday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Mrs. Chews 2/6.”—Ledger A.

OctoBER 22, Monday. On the road to Williams-
burg.
“By Exps. at Dumfries 4/ Ferriages at Occoqn.
3/6 By Expences at Allans 15/7 1/2 Ferry at
Fredericksburg 5/.”—Ledger A.

Ocrosper 24, Wednesday. Julian’s, Fredericks-
burg.
“Exps. at Julians 16/ 10 1/2.”"—Ledger A.December] CoLontaAL TRAVELLER 131

Ocroser 25, Thursday. Caroline Court House,
Hubbard’s and Danzies’, in King William
County.

“By Exps. at Caroline Ct. House 5/ 7 1/2.”—

at Hubbards 21/6 Ferriages at Dansies 12/.”—

Ledger A.

OcrToBER 28, Swnday. Williamsburg.

“Club 3/ 1 1/2.”—Ledger A.

Washington probably reached Williamsburg on the
26th or 27th.

NovEMBER 10, Saturday. Williamsburg.
“By Capitol Ball 35/ Two Tickets 20/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBeER 30, Friday. Cumberland, New Kent
County.
“By Exps. at Cumberland 7/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Dercemper 2, Sunday. Newcastle and Colonel
John Baylor’s.
“By Exps. at Newcastle 18/9 Colo. Baylors
3/3.” —Ledger A, op. cit.
It is a reasonable supposition that Washington reached
Mount Vernon before Christmas.

Decemser 27, Thursday. Mount Vernon.132 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

“By Cash paid William Poole £7.5.0."—
LedgerA, op. cit.

1760

JANUARY 1, T'wesday. Mount Vernon.

“Visited my Plantations . . . calld at Mr. Pos-
sey sin my way home . . . and found Mrs. Wash-
ington upon my arrival broke out with the meazles.”
—Diary.

John Posey’s lands adjoined Mount Vernon on the
south. He seems to have been a careless manager and

Washington took over his place for debt, in 1769.

January 6, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“Mrs. Washington was a good deal better to-
day; but the Oyster Man still continuing his Dis-
orderly behavior at my Landing I was obliged in
the most peremtory manner to order him and his
compy. away, which he did not incline to obey till

>

next morning.’

—Dhiary.
JANUARY 7, Monday. Alexandria.
“Accompanied Mrs. Bassett to Alexandria...
and returned home in the dusk of the Evening.”
—Diary.
Anna Marie Dandridge, daughter of Colonel John
Dandridge, of New Kent and a sister of Mrs. Martha
Washington, married Burwell Bassett, of “Eltham.”January | CoLonIAL ‘TRAVELLER

JANUARY 10, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Accompanied Mrs. Bassett in a visit to Bel-
voir.’ —Diary.

January 12, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“Set out with Mrs. Bassett on her journey to
Port Royal . . . we past Occoquan without any
great difficulty, notwithstanding the wind was
something high and lodged at Mr. McCraes in
Dumfries.”—Ledger A.

Allan McCrae, of Dumfries. On this same day Wash-
ington records an expense at Colchester: “By Expences
at Colchester 24/9” and “By Ferriages 3/9.”

January 18, Sunday. Samuel Seldon’s, Potomac
Creek, Stafford County.
“We reached Mr. Seldon’s abt. 3 o’clock.”—
Diary.
Samuel Seldon was a son of Joseph Seldon, of Eliza-
beth City and Mary Cary, Mrs. George William Fair-

fax’s aunt.

JANUARY 14, Monday. Stafford and King George
Counties and Port Royal in Caroline.

“The Morning being clear and cold, but other-
wise fine, we set out. We arrivd about 2 oclock to
the Plantation late Colo. Turner’s, but directly
opposite to Port Royal. At this place also Mr.
Giberne lodges. And here we were disagreeably
disappointed of meeting him for a few hours; but134 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

at length he arrivd, almost at the same Instant that
Colo. Basset did. Frrom hence we movd over to
Port Royal and spent the Evening at Fox’s with
Mr. and Mrs. Bassett.”—Diary.

In Ledger A is an expense item for the 14th at
“Allans” and also at Stafford Court House.

Washington reached the Rappahannock on this occa-
sion at the plantation in King George County of Thomas
Turner, long clerk and burgess of that county, and a
great favorite among the Virginia Burgesses of his gen-
eration; but then recently dead. The Turner plantation
was not only, as Washington notes, opposite Port Royal,
at Port Conway, but a short distance below “Cleve,” the
seat of Charles Carter (1702-64), whither Washington,
bound for Fredericksburg, went to dine the next day.
Continuing his journey up the river from “Cleve,” he
lodged with John Champe, also of King George, whose
son was soon to marry a daughter of Charles Carter.

The Reverend Isaac William Giberne, minister of
Lunenberg Parish, Richmond County, 1762. He married
a daughter of Moore and Margaret (Micou) Fauntleroy.
(Meade, Old Churches, 1, 179; Diary of Landon Carter,
in William and Mary Quarterly, x1-xxt.)

Fox was an innkeeper, and Washington’s expenses are

noted as 5/.

JANUARY 15, Tuesday. “Cleve” and Colonel
Champe’s.
“Mr. Gibourne and I, leaving Mr. Bassett just
ready to set out, recrossed the River and proceeded
to Colo. Carter’s, where we dind and in the Eve-

ning reachd Colo, Champe’s.January | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 135

“Several Gentlemen dind with us at Colo. Car-
ter’s (neighbour’s of his), but we spent a very
lonesome Evening at Colo. Champe’s, not any
Body favouring us with their Company but him-
self.” —Diary.

JANUARY 16, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.

“I parted with Mr. Gibourne, leaving Colo.
Champe’s before the Family was stirring, and at
10 reached my Mother’s, where I breakfasted and
then went to Fredericksburg with my Brothr Sam,
who I found there. Returnd in the Evening to
Mother’s—all alone with her.” —Diary.

Samuel Washington (1734-81) was married five times
and left five children. He inherited from his father about
six hundred acres of land at Chotank, Stafford County,
and one-half of an estate lying on Deep Run.

 

JANUARY 17, Thursday. Fredericksburg and
Dumfries.
“Abt. Noon I set out from my Mother’s and
Just at Dusk arrivd at Dumfries.” —Diuary.

JANUARY 18, Friday. Dumfries and Mount
Vernon.

“Continued my Journey home, the Misting con-
tinuing till noon, when the Wind got Southerly,
and being very warm occasioned a great thaw. I
however found Potom[ac]k River quite coverd136 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

with Ice, and Doctr. Craik at my House.”—Dhiary.
Dr. James Craik, later at the head of the Continental
Army hospitals and one of the physicians who attended
Washington in his last illness.
The expense account shows expenditures of 14/ 1 1/2

at Dumfries and 1/ 1 1/2 at the Occoquan Ferry.

JANUARY 20, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“Visited at Belvoir to day, carrying Doctr.
Craik with us, who spent the Evening there.’—
Diary.

JANUARY 25, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Went to Alexandria and saw my Tobo. as it
came from the Mountns. lying in an open shed,
with the ends of the Hhds. out and in very bad
order. Engaged the Inspection of it on Monday.”
—Dhiary.

Frsruary 3, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“Went home to Church at Alexandria: dind at
Colo. Carlyle’s and returnd in the Evening.”—
Diary.

John Carlyle (1720-80) came to America about 1740,
and in 1744 was a merchant in Alexandria. His house,
built in 1752, is still standing. He married Sarah,
daughter of William and Sarah (Walker) Fairfax. She
died in 1761.

Frsruary 7, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“T went to Mr. Craigs Funeral Sermon at Alex-CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 137

   

February |

andria, and there met my waggons with 4 Hhds
Tobo. more. Unloaded and sent them down to
Mt. Vernon.”—Duary.

Charles Craig, who rented a plantation from Washing-

ton.

Frsruary 12, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“Visited at the Glebe the day ~being very fine
clear and still.’—Dnuary.

“The Glebe” of Truro Parish where Parson Charles
Green lived. In 1752 proposals were made for a building
on the Glebe land: “the Dwelling House to be of Brick,
to contain in the Clear about 1200 Feet, one Story, and
Cellars below, with convenient Rooms and Closets as the

Ground will allow.”

Frsruary 15, Friday. Mount Vernon and Alex-
andria.

“Went to a Ball at Alexandria, where Musick
and Dancing was the chief Entertainment. How-
ever in a convenient Room detached for the pur-
pose abounded great plenty of Bread and Butter,
some Biscuits with Tea, and Coffee which the
Drinkers of coud not Distinguish from Hot water
sweetnd. Be it remembered that pockethandker-
chiefs servd the purposes of Table Cloths and
Napkins and that no Apologies were made for
either.

“The Proprietors of this Ball were Messrs. Car-
lyle, Laurie and Robt. Wilson, but the Doctr. not138 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1760

getting it conducted agreeable to his own taste
woud claim no share of the merit of it.

“I shall therefore distinguish this Ball by the
Stile and title of the Bread and Butter Ball.

“We lodged at Colo. Carlyle’s.”—Diary.

Frsruary 16, Saturday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.

“Returnd home, receiving an Invitation to Mrs.

Chew’s Ball on Monday night next, first.”—Diary.

It does not appear that the Washingtons attended.

FEBRUARY 17, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Went to Church and Dind at Belvoir.” —Diary.

Fresruary 19, Tuesday. Mount Vernon and
Alexandria.

“Went to Court, and administerd upon Na-
tion[’s] Effects, got Mr. Smith’s Lease to me re-
corded; and Mr. Johnston not having Darrel’s
Deed ready I was obligd to get the acknowledging
of them postpond.’’—Diary.

Frsruary 21, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“Visited at Mr. Clifton’s and rode over his
Lands, but in an especial manner viewd that part
calld Brent’s, wch. have pleas’d me exceedingly at
the price he offerd it at.” —Duary.

Washington added the William Clifton lands to his
Mount Vernon holdings. Henry Brent had a claim to a
portion of the Clifton tract.February] CotontaL TRAVELLER 139
Frpruary 22, Friday. Mount Vernon and Bel-
voir.

‘Waited on Lord Fairfax at Belvoir and eng’d
him to dine at Mt. Vernon on Monday next.’”—
Diary.

Thomas, sixth Lord Fairfax, of Cameron (1693-—
1781), second child and eldest son of Thomas, fifth Lord
Fairfax, and Catherine Culpeper. He was proprietor of
the Northern Neck of Virginia through inheritance of
the Culpeper grants and was the only British peer resi-
dent in America during the greater part of the eighteenth
century. He was born at Leeds Castle, Kent, England,
October 22, 1693 (Bromfield Parish Register), and died
at Greenway Court, Virginia, December 9, 1781. The
notable case of Fairfax v. Virginia, which pended for
eighteen years before the Privy Council, was precipitated,
in 1730, by Virginia’s efforts to limit the proprietary
bounds and Fairfax’s counter-memorial. Lord Fairfax
appointed his cousin, William Fairfax, then collector of
the royal customs at Salem, Massachusetts, as his agent
in America, after the death of Robert Carter, and came
himself to Virginia in 1735. His view of his estates fixed
his determination to live in that colony in the event of a
decision in his favor by the Privy Council. This decision
was rendered in 1745, and in 1747 Lord Fairfax returned
from England and took up his residence at Belvoir, on
the Potomac and later at Greenway Court, in Frederick
County; the land of which he granted to his nephew,
Thomas Bryan Martin, in 1752. It was at Belvoir that
young George Washington came in contact with Lord

Fairfax.140 GrorGeE WASHINGTON [1760

Frepruary 26, Tuesday. Mount Vernon and
Occoquan.

“Went down to Occoquan, by appointment to
look at Colo. Cocke’s Cattle, but Calld and dind at
Captn. McCarty’s in my way home.”—Diary.

Daniel McCarty, of “Cedar Grove” on the neck between
Accotink and Pohick, next below Belvoir. He was of the
Westmoreland family intermarried with the Lees, Balls,
Fitzhughs, and other well-known Northern Neck families.
A vestryman of Truro in 1748, as his father had been
before him, he lived until 1791.

Marcu 11, Tuesday. Belvoir.

“Visited at Colo. Fairfax’s and was informd
that Clifton had sold his Land to Mr. Thompson
Mason for 1200£ Sterlg., which fully unravelled
his conduct on the 2d and convinced me that he
was nothing less than a thorough pacd. Rascall,
disregardful of any engagements of words or oaths
not bound by Penalties.”—Diary.

Thomson Mason was a brother of George Mason.

MarcH 12, Wednesday. Belvoir and Mount
Vernon.
“Returnd home, Mrs. Carlyle accompanying
us.” —Diary.
Sarah Carlyle, wife of John Carlyle, of Carlyle & Dal-
ton, the Alexandria merchants. She was the daughter
of the Honorable William Fairfax, of Belvoir.April] CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 141

Marcu 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went to Court partly on my own private Busi-
ness and partly on Clifton’s Affair; but the Com-
missioners not meeting, nothing was done in
regard to the latter.” —Duary.

“By Dinner and Club at Mrs. Chews 2/6.”—Ledger A.
Washington seems to have returned to Mount Vernon this

same day.

MarcH 31, Monday. Belvoir.

“Went to Belvoir (according to an appoint-
ment on the 28th past) and drew up and signd
a Report of our Proceedings in Clifton’s affair
to be sent with the accts. to the Genl. Court.”—
—Dhiary.

The meeting of the 28th was at Mount Vernon. In
addition to the land sale matter Clifton seems to have

been in debt to various people.

Aprit 15, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Sent Tom and Mike to Alexandria in
my Boat for 20 or 25 Bushels of Oats. Went
up myself there to Court, after calling at
Mr. Green’s and leaving Mrs. Washington there.”
—Diary.

The Reverend Charles Green, the Minister at Pohick
Church, Truro Parish.142 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

Aprit 16, Wednesday, Mount Vernon.
“Got my Cloaths, etca., packd up for my Jjour-
ney to Williamsburg tomorrow.” —Dhiary.

Apri 19, Saturday. Port Tobacco, Maryland.

“Crossd at Mr. Possey’s Ferry and began my
journey to Williamsburg about 9 oclock.

“Abt. 11 0’ broke my chair and had to walk to
Port Tobo., where I was detaind the whole day
getting my Chair mended—no smith being with in
6 miles. Lodg at Dr. Halkerston’s.”—Diary.

This evidence that, in going to Williamsburg, Wash-
ington often found it more convenient to cross the Po-
tomac by Posey’s Ferry into Maryland and then recross
by Colonel Rice Hoe’s Fer-y between Port Tobacco and
Cedar Point, is convincing evicence of the horrors of the
“Potomac Path” between the Occoquan and Fredericks-
burg. The explanation is that that road made its way
through the swamps at the heads of a series of estuary
creeks. All the later memoirs of travel in northern Vir-
ginia are illustrated with tales of adventure on this stretch
of an ancient highway. Modern engineering has now
made it secure for the wayfarer.

The repairs cost 7/6 and expenses at Port Tobacco
9/9.—Ledger A.

Dr. Halkerston, of Port Tobacco, formerly resided at
Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Apri, 20, Sunday. King George County, Vir-
ginia.
“Set out early, and crossd at Cedar Point byA pril] CoLoNniAL TRAVELLER 143

10; the day being very calm and fine. Dind and
lodg at my Brother’s.”—Diary.

Samuel Washington (1734-81), third child of Augus-
tine and Mary Ball Washington.

Aprit 21, Monday. King William County.
“Crossd at Southern’s and Tod’s Bridge and
lodg at Major Gaine’s.’—Diuary.

Aprit 22, T'wesday. New Kent County.

“Crossd Pamunky at William’s Ferry and visited
all the Plantations in New Kent; found the Over-
seers much behind hand in their Business. Went
to Mrs. Dandridge’s and lodgd.”—Diary.

“By expense at Mc.Graths 4/. By Ferry at Wil-
liamsons 3/6.”—Ledger A. At Williams’ Ferry, on the
Pamunkey, two years previously, 1758, Washington met
Mr. Chamberlayne, and, accepting his proffered hospi-
tality, was introduced, at this house, to Mrs. Martha

Custis.
Mrs. Frances, widow of John Dandridge, and mother
of Martha Washington.

Apri 23, Wednesday. New Kent.
“Went to Colo. Bassett’s and remained there the

whole day.”

Apri 24, Thursday. New Kent.
“Visited my Quarter at Claibornes and found
their business in tolerable forwardness. Also went144 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1760

 

to my other Quarter at [ ] where their was an
insufficient quantity of Ground prepard, but all
that coud be had—it was sd.

“Dind at Mr. Bassett’s and went in the Evening
to Williamsburg.” —Diuary.

Claiborne’s Quarters, a plantation belonging to the
Custis estate on the Pamunkey River. Some of the dower

negroes worked here.

Apri. 25, Friday. Williamsburg.

“Waited upon the Gov’r.’—Dnuary.

Governor Francis Fauquier. Some of the Williams-
burg expenses are interesting: “paid Mr. Craik Jeweler
£1.15.6. By Colo. Fairfax’s and my Subscription to
Purse in W. £1.10. By Barber 7/6. By Mrs. Webb

mendg. a Fan, 2/6.”—Ledger A.

Aprit 28, Monday. Williamsburg.

“In the Afternoon after collecting what Money
I coud I left Town and reached Colo. Bassett’s.”’
—Diary.

He collected of the County £14.4.4 on an old account
and £45.16 as wages as burgess. ‘Three days before he
had received £790.4.5 1/2 from sundry hands on Colonel

Custis’s estate and £32.5.0 for a horse sold.

Appin 29, T’wesday. Caroline County.

“Reachd Port Royal by Sunset.”—Diuary.

On the 29th he crossed by Dansie’s Ferry and baited
at Todd’s. In 1754 Thomas Dansie had obtained theCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 145

 

May |

privilege of operating a ferry from New Kent County
to King William County, near Claiborne’s Ferry.

Aprit 30, Wednesday. King George County.
“Came to Hoe’s Ferry by 10 oclock but the
Wind blew too fresh to cross: detain’d there all
Night.”—Duiary.
“Ferry at Hoes 16/ and 1/6.”—Ledger A.

May 1, Thursday. St. Mary’s County, Maryland.
“Got over early in the Morning and reachd home
before Dinner time.” —Diuary.

May 4, Swnday. Fairfax County.

“Set out for Frederick to see my Negroes that
lay ill of the Small Pox. Took Church in my way
to Coleman’s, where I arrivd about Sun setting.”

—Diary.

May 5, Monday. Frederick County.

“Reachd Mr. Stephenson in Frederick abt.
4. oclock, just time enough to see Richd. Mounts
Interrd. Here I was informed that Harry and Kit,
the two first of my Negroes that took the Small
Pox, were Dead, and Roger and Phillis the only
two down with it were recovering from it.

“Lodged at Mr. Stephenson.” —Duary.

Richard Stephenson, at one time acted as an overseer
to Washington. He was an half-brother of Col. Wil-

liam Crawford.146 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

May 6, Twesday. Frederick County and Win-
chester.

“Visited my Brother’s Quarter, and just call’d
at my own in my way to Winchester, where I spent
the day and Evening with Colo. Byrd, etca.

~The Court was held to Day at Stephen’s Town,
but adjourned to Winchester tomorrow.”—Diary.

His brother Samuel Washington, who, later, lived in
Frederick. Stephen’s Town was eight miles south of Win-
chester. Colonel Mark Byrd.

May 7, Wednesday. Frederick County.

“After taking the Doc’rs Directions in regard
to my People, I set out for my Quarters and got
there abt. 12 oclock—time enough to go over them
and find everything in the utmost confusion dis-
order and backwardness, my Overseer [ Hardwick]
lying upon his back of a broken leg, and not half
a Crop, especially of Corn Ground, prepared.

“Engaged Vall. Crawford to go in pursuit of a
Nurse to be ready in case more of my People shd.
be seizd with the same disorder.”—Diary.

Valentine Crawford, brother of Colonel William
Crawford; later acted as agent for Washington’s Ohio
lands. Washington left £4 with Overseer Thomas Hard-
wick and £15 with Crawford.

May 8, Thursday. Frederick County.
“Got Blankets and every other requisite from
Winchester and settld things upon the best foot-May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 147

 

ing I coud to prevt. the Small Pox from spreading,
and in case of its spreading, for the care of the
Negroes.

“Mr. Vall Crawford agreeing in case any more
of the People at the lower Quarter getting it, to
take them home in his House, and if any more at
the upper Quarter gets it, to have them removd
into my Room and the Nurse sent for.” —Duary.

May 9, Friday. Fairfax County.
“Set out on my return home... . Reachd
Coleman’s.”—Diary.

May 10, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“Arrivd at home abt. 10 oclock where I found
my Brother Jno.”—Duary.

John Augustine Washington.

May 18, Sunday. On the road to Williamsburg.

“Set out in Company with Mr. George John-
ston. At Colchester was informd by Colo. Thorn-
ton and Chissel that the Assembly wd. be broke
up before I coud get down; turnd back therefore
and found Colo. Fairfax and his Family, and that
Lightning weh. had attended a good deal of Rain
has struck my Quarter and near 10 Negroes in it,
some very bad; but with letting Blood they re-
coverd.”—Diary.

The Virginia Assembly met May 19 and remained
in session until the 24th. The special cause for meeting148 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

 

was sending aid to Fort Loudoun, in the overhill Chero-
kee country, threatened by the Indians. (Journals, May
Session, 1760.) Washington was a burgess from Fred-
erick County, with Thomas Bryan Martin as colleague.
Johnston was one of the burgesses from Fairfax County,
with George Mason of Gunston Hall, as his colleague.
Colchester was eight miles below Mount Vernon, in Prince
William County.

Colonel John Thornton was a burgess of Spottsyl-
vania and John Chiswell had been respectively, burgess

from Hanover and clerk of the county court.

May 19, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went to Aiexandria to see Captn. Littledale’s
Ship Launchd, wch. went of extremely well.”—
Diary.

May 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Being Court day, Mr. Clifton’s Land in the
Neck was exposd to Sale, and I bought it for £1210
Sterlg, and under many threats and disadvantages
paid the Money into the Comrs. hands and re-
turnd home at Night with Col. Fairfax and
Fam’y.”—Diary.

The difficulty seemed to be by reason of various claims
against the land. Washington settled a number of these
on the spot.

May 23, Friday. Belvoir.
“By Colo. Fairfax Balle. of our private Acct.
£14.10.8 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 149

 

June |

Washington seems to have set out this day for Fred-
ericksburg which was reached the 27th or 28th.

May 29, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

‘Jost on the Race 3/ Tickets for Ball 25/.” May
30: “By Treating the Ladies 4/.”—Ledger A, op.
cit.

JUNE 4, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.

“To Cash paid you at the Fair Fredg. £40.”
Account with Fielding Lewis—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington’s movements at this time are not clearly
traceable. He may have traveled as far down as New
Kent as there are undated entries in Ledger A of cash
received from the Custis estate and a balancing of an
account with the Reverend David Mossum. He seems
to have been back in Fredericksburg June 9, as he notes
£1.13.9 received from John Gist for smith work for
Mrs. Mary Washington. He appears to have returned
to Mount Vernon by the middle of June and to have
visited Alexandria between June 17 and June 21: “By
expenses at Mrs. Chews £2.3.9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 22, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“By Cash gave for the Sufferers at Boston by
Fire £12.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

The great fire of March 20, 1760, which destroyed
over three hundred and forty buildings at a property loss
of one hundred thousand pounds, and rendered over two
hundred families homeless.

The New England Historical and Genealogical Reg-
ister for July, 1880, p. 288, reprints William Cooper’s
contemporary account.150 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

Aveust 7, Thursday. Dumfries, Virginia.
“By Expences at Dumfries 4/10 gave Ferry-
man 7 1/2.’—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 8, Friday. Alexandria.
“By Expences at Alexandria 2/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Aveust 21, Thursday. Maryland.

“By 2 Sailors—setting up across ye River 2/6
By Do in part of expences at Benedict 10/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was, probably, back at Mount Vernon by
the end of the month.

SEPTEMBER 8, Monday. Fairfax County, Vir-
ginia.
“Exps. at Coleman’s 7/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
James Coleman succeeded Richard Coleman in the
business of Ordinary or innkeeper. Washington went
over the mountains into Frederick County and, probably,
was in Winchester by September 12 or 13.

SEPTEMBER 15, Monday. Keys’ Ferry and Lees-
burg.

“By Ferriages at Key’s 1/3 Exps. at Leesburg
4/9 By Expences at Coleman in full 6/2.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was now on his return to Mount Vernon
which he probably reached April 16.October | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 151

SEPTEMBER 21, Sunday. Alexandria.

“By Expences at Alexandria 2/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

The date of Washington’s arrival and departure from
Alexandria, on this trip, is unknown. He may have
reached Mount Vernon on this date or earlier. “By
Doctr. Hunter Bleeding Mrs. Washington 10/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit. This was Dr. John Hunter.

Octoser 2, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“By Ferriage and Ferrymen at Fredericksburg
7/6.”—Ledger A.

Washington was now on his way to Williamsburg, to
attend the session of the Burgesses.

Octoser 4, Saturday. Caroline Court House and
New Kent County.

“By Expences at Caroline Court House 8/6 By
Ditto at Hubbards 27/10 Ferriages &ca. at Dan-
zies 12/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

It is probable that Washington reached Williamsburg
October 5.

Ocroser 6, Monday. Williamsburg.
“By the Govrs. Servants 10/.”—Ledger A, op.
cit,

OcroBEeR 8, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“By Play Tickets at Sundry times £7.11.3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

While in Williamsburg the Washingtons stopped at
Weatherborne’s,152 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1760

OcToBER 24, Friday. New Kent County, York
River.

“I have at different times sent for Hale’s Hus-
bandry but never yet got it, which I begin to at-
tribute to a wrong description of the Title, having
never till lately seen the Book. You will know it
now by “A Compleat Body of Husbandry com-
piled from the Original Papers of the late Thomas
Hale Esqr.’—To Cary & Co., London.

The volume reached Washington in March, 1761, and
is now in the Washington Collection in the Boston
Atheneum.

NoveMBeErR 5, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“My friend and acquaintance Mr. Batholomew
Dandridge having purchased an Entailed Estate
in Lands of one Charles Lewis procured an Act
of General Assembly for Docking the said Entail
but till such time as the Royal assent is obtained
he cannot enter into quiet possession of his Free-
hold. He has therefore requested me to ask the
favour of you to sollicit the affair for him.”—ZT'o

Cary & Co., London.

an

NoveMBeER 7, Friday. King William and Caro-
line Counties.
“By. Expens. at Danzies 14/9 Do at Todds
27/6 Hubds. 9/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NovEeMBeER 10, Monday. Fredericksburg.

“Ditto [expenses] at Julians 45/ 7 1/2 ByDecember| CoLontAL TRAVELLER 153

Ferriages & Ferrym. 11/3 By my Mother £15.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

November 11, T'wesday. Mount Vernon.

“By Exps. at Dumfries 20/ By Exps. at Col-
chester 2/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

The Washingtons probably reached Mount Vernon
the same day.

DecemBer 10, Wednesday. Maryland.
“Club at Hughs’s 1/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have stopped at a Mr. Rozier’s
and returned to Alexandria, Virginia, on December 12.
December 11: “By hire of a Boat to go to Mr. Rozer’s
10/ Club at Masons 1/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DerEcEMBER 12, Friday. Alexandria.

“By Colo. Carlyle’s Servts. given 10/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Colonel John Carlyle, of Alexandria. According to
the accounts it seems that Washington reached Mount

Vernon this same day.CHAPTER V
PLANTATION LIFE: 1761-1764
1761

JANUARY 3, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“By — Brumley for glazing School House Win-
dows &ca. 10/3.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu—In this month Washington journeyed to
Frederick and records a travelling expense of
8/9 for “Ferriage &ca.”” There is also noted “Elec-
tion Expences at Dutch Cowpers £1.6.6.” at
“Henry Heath’s 5/” and of expenses at Philip
Bush’s of £6.19.5. Also about March 21, ac-
cording to his letter to Capel & Osgood Hanbury,
April 3, Washington went to Williamsburg.

Aprit 8, Friday. Williamsburg.

“Before I left home I shipd 18 Hhds of my
Potomack Tobacco on Board the Bland, Captn.
Hugh Wylie now lying in the Rappahannock
River on which please to Insure £140 only.”—T'o
Cary & Co., London.

The date of Washington’s return north is uncertain,
but in May he was in Frederick County. He appears to
have returned to Mount Vernon before going into the

Shenandoah Valley.
154June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 155

May 15, Friday. Frederick County. Mr. Hodg-
don’s.

“At the Cock-fight on Saturday I promised to
be at a Wedding at Mendenhall’s Mills yesterday,
which together with an affair I had to settle on
Bullskin (that detained me a day longer than I
expected) prevented my taking Shepherds Town
and your House in my way. I intend this day to
pass along the North Mountain and tomorrow at
ten at a meeting at McGills on the Cumberland
Road and from thence to Winchester in order to
wait my doom on Monday.”—To Captain Van
Swearingen (In private hands).

Washington lumps all of his expenses on this Shen-
andoah Valley trip under the month of May, so that,
except for the order in which they are entered, the defi-
nite days on which he was at definite places can only be
surmised. The items, in their order are: ‘Edw. Snickers
34/ Leesburg '7/ Colemans'7/6 Dolo. Hytes 10/ New
Town 3/ Moores 10/ paid a guide 5/ Exps. at Cunfu.
8/6 paid a guide 5/ Exps. at McGills 23/ 1 1/2 paid
Thos Wood £1.10 P. Bushes Acct. £14.15 W. Wests 12/
Hollis’s 8/.’—Ledger A, op.cit. He was elected again
as a burgess.

JUNE 3, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“Shoemakers at Fredericksburg &ca. 12/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington went to Fredericksburg to attend the
fair, and probably returned to Mount Vernon in June, as
he was at Mount Vernon the early part of July.156 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1761

JuLty 5, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“The fieet is arrived but some ships are missing
among which number Captn. John Johnston hap-
pens to be one and a report prevails that he is
taken .. . it will prove a real misfortune to me
if they [goods for Mount Vernon and the Custis
plantations] should now be lost.”—T'o Cary & Co.,
London.

Captain Johnston was not captured by the French;

he arrived a little later.

Avueust 26, Wednesday. Warm Springs [ Berke-
ley, West], Virginia.

‘We arrived here yesterday. .. . I think my
fevers a good deal abated though my pains grow
rather worse and my sleep equally disturbed . . .
I shall attempt to give you the best description I
can of the stages to this place ... Toulson I
should recommend as the first; Major Hamilton’s
or Israel Thompson’s the 2d; ye one about 30, the
other 35 miles distant. From thence you may
reach Henry Vanmeters on Opekon Creek or Cap-
tain Pearis’s 4 miles on this side which will be about
35 miles; and then your journey will be easy the
following day to this place.” —7'o Reverend Charles
Green.

Washington’s trouble seems to have been a form of
rheumatic fever, though it is, of course, difficult to con-
jecture the precise ailment. By October he was on the
mend and at the end of the year he seems to have beenOctober ] CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 157

nearly back to normal. Both Towlston’s and Thompson’s
were in Fairfax County, east of the Blue Ridge; Van-
meter’s and Paris’s were in the Shenandoah Valley, near

the North Ridge, or Devil’s Back Bone.

Aveust 15, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Sow’d abt. half an Acre of English Turnip
Seed.” —Diary.

AUGUST OR SEPTEMBER. Annapolis, Maryland.
The details of this trip are lacking, beyond a
note of an expenditure of £1.6.4 at Marlborough
and an item in Thomas Bishop’s account that Mr.
Jonas Green, at Annapolis, was paid £5.18.0,

SEPTEMBER 23, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.

“An Indisposition which I have been under 3 or
4. Months induced me to take a trip Northward to
try the effects of our Mountain Air on my disor-
der. I find some benefit from the Journey—but
not returning till within these few days I came too

 

late to make out and send my Invoices by the
Fleet.”—To Cary & Co.

OcroBER 20, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“Since my last, of the 14th July, I have in ap-
pearance been very near my last gasp. . . . I once
thought the grim king would certainly master my
utmost efforts . . . but, thank God, I have now158 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1762

got the better of the disorder.” —T'o0 Richard Wash-
ington.

NoveMser 3, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“T came to this place last Night and find that
the Articles contained in the Inclosed Invoices are
wanted for mine and Master Custis’s Plantations
on York River.’”—To Cary & Co.

Washington returned to Mount Vernon before Christ-
mas. He charges the state of Virginia, in his accounts,
with “12 days attendance this Session of Assembly at
10/ £6. To 10 travelling days at do £5. To Ferriages of
a Chariot, Horses &ca. at Occoquan, Fredericksburg

and Dansies comg. and going £1.5.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

1762

JaNuARY 25, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“By way of Whithan I am furnished with an
opportunity of desiring the favour of you to place
the last half years Interest due on Bank Stock at
Michaelmas, to the credit of Miss Patey Custis’s
account.’ —T'o Cary & Co.

Marcu—“Travelling Exps. to Westmoreland
£2.13.3 Ditto to Williamsburg £3.14.3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

The travelling to Williamsburg consumed ten days and
Washington spent eight days in attendance in the House

of Burgesses.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 159

The lack of detail as to Washington’s movements in
1761 and 1762 is explained, to some extent, by the poor
state of his health. His accounts for this period are
quite loosely kept and do not appear to have been noted
with much exactness, so far as his personal cash memo-
randa are concerned though the ledger entries are entered

as carefully as usual.

Aprit—Sometime during this month Washington
went to Marlborough, Maryland. He went by
way of Alexandria and notes his expenses there
as 9/ and travelling expenses to Marlborough as
£3.2.6.

May 1, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
Dated agreement with Burgess Mitchell as
overseer.—Washington Papers.

May 10, Monday. Williamsburg.
“I went to Williamsburg about the 10th of May
last.” —To George William Fairfax, 1763.

May 20, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“Soon after the appraisement of the Decd. Colo.
Custis’s Estate it seemed to be a matter of doubt
whether Davy (a boy) who was appraised among
his Negroes belonged to him, or Mr. Dandridge,
your Father. .. .”—J'o Captain William Dan-
dridge, New Kent.160 GrorGE WASHINGTON

June 38, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“On board the Unity, Captn. Cuzzens I put four
hhds Tobacco to you Consignment intending to
have advised you . . . but an Embargo being or-
dered, and the Unity ready, she cleared and slipped
out (as I am told) before I got notice of it.”—

To Richard Washington.

SEPTEMBER 30, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Upon the important Conquest of the Havanna
I heartily congratulate you; a stroke so signally
given at the commencement of a war must ever
prove the sure means of humbling a proud People
and settling Peace upon an honourable and Perma-
nent footing; that this soon may happen is the
sincere wish of Gentn. Yr. most Obedt humble

Servt.”’—T'o Cary & Co.

Ocroser 38, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
Sets out for Frederick. See October 30.

Ocroser 22, Friday. Mount Vernon.
Indenture for sale of carpenter tools by John

Askew to Washington.—W ashington Papers.

Ocroser 30, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“On the 3d inst. I set out for Frederick.”—To
George William Fairfax.

In October Washington notes an expense of 17/6 in-

curred in a journey to Frederick.1763 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 161

Novemser 15, Monday. Williamsburg.

“As I got to this place after the Fleet sailed, I
am obliged to make use of a Scotch ship bound to
Glasgow to forward the Inclosed Invoices for

Goods.” —To Cary & Co.

NovEMBER 29, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Tavern Expens. Williamsburg Mrs. Camp-
bell £8.17.6 Clubs elsewhere 16/3.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

In this month and the next Washington attended the
sessions of the Burgesses for fifty-two days and spent
twelve days in travelling to and from Williamsburg. He
seems to have returned to Mount Vernon sometime in

December.

1763

January 7, Friday. Fairfax County.

“By Exps. at Colemans 6/9 By ditto at old Ct.
Ho. 2/6 Ditto at Leesburg 5/ Exps. at Leesbg
11/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

JANUARY 12, Wednesday. Frederick County.

“By Stephenson’s daughter 5/ Exps at Leesbg.
11/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington probably was in Winchester on this visit
to his Shenandoah Valley lands and also, probably, re-
turned to Mount Vernon before going to Alexandria on
January 18, though this is not a certainty.162 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1763

January 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“By dinnr. at Mrs. Chews 2/6.”—Ledger A, op.
ett.

Washington went to Alexandria to arrange for Adam
& Carlyle to act as his agents in the sale of his wheat

for the term of seven years.

Marcu 28, Monday. Mount Vernon.
Attends vestry meeting for Truro Parish at
Pohick Church.—Ms, Vestry Book.

Aprit 16, Saturday. On the road to Williams-
burg.

“By Ferryman at Oc[coqua]n 1/3.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Apri 19, Tuesday. Dumfries.
“Exps. at Dumfs. 12/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 20, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“By my Mother £15. By Exps. at Todds 12/3
Ferriage at Cahmbelns. 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Under date of April 24 Washington’s diary lists
negroes and stock at his plantation in King William
County, and on April 26 he purchased play tickets in

Williamsburg.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 163

Apri 26, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“Business brought me to this place a few days
ago and havg. seen Captn. Easton I have given
directions for putting Twelve hhds. Tobo. on board
his ship to your address.”—T'o Capel & Osgood
Hanbury, London.

AprIL 28, Thursday. Williamsburg.
“By Club at Finnies 6/ [April] 29 By Play
Tickets 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 2, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Our Assembly is suddenly called in consequence
of a Memorial of the British Merchants to the
Board of Trade representing the evil consequence
of our Paper emissions and their Lordships report
and orders thereupon which I suppose will set the
whole Country in Flames—This stir of the Mer-
chts. seems to be illtimed and cannot be attended
with any good effects—bad I fear it will—however
on the 19th Instt. the Assembly meets and till then
I will suspend my further opinion of the matter.”
—To Robert Stewart, London.

“Club at Trebells 5/ By Play Tickets 12/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

The Assembly was called to meet on May 19. Wash-
ington made an hurried trip back to Mount Vernon and
returned to Williamsburg again in time for the special
session.164 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1763

May 3, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

' By Club at Trebels 10/ Play 8/9 By Barber
13/9 By Wm. Campbell £2.”—Ledger <A, op.
cit.

May 4, Wednesday. New Kent County.
“By Servts. at Collo. Bassets 6/9.”—Ledger A.

May 6, Friday. King William County.

“By Ferriage at Hecksmans 11/7 By Exps. at
Hubbards £1.7.9 1/4 By Collo. Tuts People 6/.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 7, Saturday. Colchester.
“By Expences at Colchester 4/.”—Ledger A.
Washington probably reached Mount Vernon this same

day.

May 8, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“I parted with the Speaker ... about four
days ago in perfect health.”—T'o Beverley Rob-
Inson.

May 16, Monday. Mount Vernon.

Sets out for Williamsburg to attend the extra
session of the House of Burgesses.

“By Ferriage at Fendals 17/6.”—Ledger A, op.
cit,(COLONIAL TRAVELLER 165

May |

Washington crossed into Maryland and recrossed the

Potomac into King George County.

May 17, Tuesday. King George and Essex Coun-
ties.
“By Ditto [ferriage] at Machodick 3/1 1/2 Do
at Laytons 3/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 18, Wednesday. King and Queen and King
William Counties.

“By Exps. at Siers’s 4/ Collo. Lees Servants
3/6 By Ferriage at Dansies 3/9.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Washington reached Williamsburg this same day, as

he enters an item of expense: “Club at Trebls. 7/6.”

May 19, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“By Play Tickets 5/ Dinr. at Trebls. 5/3.” —
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was in Williamsburg until May 25, when
he started upon a trip to the Dismal Swamp. Previous
to this he dined and supped at Southall’s and Trebell’s
and supped at Trebell’s on May 21. |

May 25, Wednesday. Starts for the Dismal
Swamp.

“By Expens. in a trip to the Dismal Swamp viz.
Ferriage to Norfolk 1/5 paid at the Rope walk
1/3. Ferriage to Portsmouth 1/6 Exps. at Ives’s
1/6.”"—Ledger A, op. cit.166 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1763

May 27, Friday. Dismal Swamp.

“Exps. at Roberts’s 1/3 Pilot into the Swamp
5/ Collo. Reddicks Servants 3/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

Washington entered the Swamp at Colonel Edward
Reddick’s, Nansemond County. “We crossed from Elias
Stallens (one mile above the upper bridge on Pequemin)
across to... a small slipe of Land between the said
River Pequemen and the Dismal Swamp and from thence
along a new cut path through the Main Swamp a North-
erly course for 5 Miles, to the Inhabitants of what they
call new found land, which is thick settled, very rich
Land, about 6 Miles from the aforesaid River Bridge
Paspetank.” From here Washington swung round to
the Great Bridge, Roberts’s and Colonel Reddick’s again.
—Diary, under date of October 15, 1768.

May 28, Saturday. Dismal Swamp.
“Paid Mr. Griffin at the Bridge for Services 10/
Horse hire to Mrs. Wood 11/3.”—Ledger A, op.

cit,

May 29, Sunday. Norfolk and Elizabeth City
Counties.
“Tavern and Horse hire pd. Jno. Reinsburg
£1.17.6 Ferriage to Hampton 15/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

May 30, Monday. Elizabeth City County and
Yorktown.June | CoLontIAL TRAVELLER 167

“pd. Mrs. Brough’s Acct. £4.3.1 1/2 Mr. Jas.
Mitchells at York at twice £2.19.9.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

These entries imply that Washington stopped at York-
-town and at Mrs. Brough’s, in Hampton, on his way into
the swamp as well as on this return journey. He seems

to have arrived in Williamsburg on May 30 or May 81.

May 31, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“By Mr. Trebell Subscription to Wmsburg
Purse £1.10. By Mrs. Campbell Acct. 40/
Copying Rept. 15/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

By this last entry it seems that Washington wanted
to take the proceedings of the Burgesses back to Mount
Vernon and consider them at his leisure.

May—“To Expences in visiting and examining
the Swamp the first time £15.5.10 1/2.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

JunE 1, Wednesday. “Eltham,’ New Kent
County.
“By Club at Todds 5/ Exps. at Siers’s 9/ By
Servants of Collo. Bassets 5/ By 1 Yd. Cat Gut
10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuNE 2, Thursday. Leeds Town and Xing
George County.

“By Expences at Leeds Town 12/3 Do at little

Fery. 2/6.’—Ledger A, op cit.168 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1763

JuNE 3, Friday. King George Courty and St.
Mary’s, Maryland.
“By Servants at L. W—n 2/6 Ferry at Hoes
14/ Servt. at Jenifers 1/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This seems to have been one of the Lawrence Wash-
ingtons of “Chotank” and Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer,
of Maryland.

JuNE 4, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“By Mrs. Washington £5.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This same day Washington set out for Fredcrick
County. “By Exps. at Trammels 10/,” which was Samp-

son Trammell’s, above Great Falls on the Potomac River.

JUNE 24, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“began to cut Timothy at Ashfords.”—Dnuary.

JUNE 25, Saturday. Leesburg.
“By Expences at Leesburg 21/.”

 

Ledger A,
op. cit.

June 27, Washington was at Bullskin Plantation:
“By James Byrn Smiths Acct. for Bullskin £1.8.9.”

Jury 1, Friday. Frederick County.

“By Expences at Buffington’s 2/6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Washington probably started back to Mount Vernon
on this same day as the next two entries, though undated,
are of expenses at Leesburg and Trammell’s. He seems

to have been at Mount Vernon before July 5.September] CoLoniAL TRAVELLER 169

Jury 5, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“T came from Frederick only last Week, and
have an opportunity of well knowing the confusion
that prevailed in the Country above.” —T'o Colonel
Burwell Bassett, in the J. P. Morgan Library.

JuLy 26, Tuesday. On the road to Fredericks-
burg.
“By Ferrymen at Occoquan 1/ Exps. at Allans
1/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuLy 28, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“By Subscriptn. to Hunters Ferry 10/ By Cash
at Fredericksburg £21.” Account with Fielding
Lewis—Ledger A, op. cit.

Juxy 80, Saturday. On the road to Mount Vernon.
“Exps. at Dumfries 5/ Colchr. 2/6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.
Washington reached Mount Vernon this same day.

Aveust 31, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“In Turnips below garden and Peach orchard
sowed about a Peck of Spelts in Drills.”—Diary.

SrepTrEMBER 1, Thursday. On the road to Fred-
erick County.

“By expences at Trammels 3/6.”—Ledger A,

op. cit.170 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1763

SEPTEMBER 2, Friday. Leesburg.
“By Ditto [expenses] at Leesburg 8/9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER [5], Monday. Greenway Court,
Frederick County.
“By Copying Deed in the Proprietors Office
5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have started back home this day
or the next.

SEPTEMBER 6, T'wesday. Edward Snickers’, Fair-
fax County.
“By Exps. at Snickers 8/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
After leaving Snickers’ Washington took the lower
road as the shorter line to Fredericksburg, whither he
was bound. “By Ditto [expenses] at Fork of the
Roads 3/6.”

SEPTEMBER 9, Friday. Dumfries.
“By Expences at Dumfries 8/2.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 10, Saturday. Stafford Court House.
“By Exps. at Stafford Court House 18/9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have been at Fredericksburg on
September 11 and to have started back to Mount Ver-
non on the 14th.October | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 171

SEPTEMBER 14, Wednesday. Dumfries.
“By Expences at Dumfries 6/6 Do at Colchr.
1/.”—Ledger A, op. ctt.

Sepremper 15, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“Planted in 11 holes on the West side of the
Garden 22 English Walnuts.” —Duary.

He had purchased these walnuts at Fredericksburg,
paying 2/6 for three hundred of them. At some date be-
tween September 15 and 19 Washington appears, from
the accounts, to have visited Alexandria, “By Club at Ball
5/2? Whether or not this was on the 19th and he re-
mained in Alexandria over the 20th, “By Club at Bushes

2/,” is not clear.

Ocroser 4, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“Since mine of the 27th Ulto. Capt. McGachin
who will do me the favour to deliver this, and who
for several years past has commanded a Convict
Ship into this River (a service neither consistent
with his Inclinations or Health to persevere in)
has expressed a desire of being recommended to the
Command of ye Ship which you have given us Rea-
sons to expect into Potomack—a Request I do
most readily comply with, because a personal ac-
quaintance with Mr. McGachin added to his gen-
eral good Character enables me to introduce him
to you as a Gentleman of knowledge diligence and
integrity.” —T'o Cary & Co., London.172

 

GrEoRGE WAsHINGTON [1763

Octoser 5, Wednesday. Colchester.
“By Expences at Colchester 2/ By Ditto at
Dumfries 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

On this day Washington set out for Wilhamsburg.

Ocrosrr 6, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“By Expences at Allan’s Ordy. 1/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Washington stayed in Fredericksburg over October 7:

“By Ticket to Ball 5/ Club at Julians 4/.”

OctToBer 8, Saturday. Caroline and Essex Coun-
ties.
“By Expences at Johnsons 7/2 Do at Hub-
bards 7/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Octoser 9, Sunday. King William County.
“By Do [expenses] at Todds 3/ 11/2 Do at
Dansies 8/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Octoser 10, Monday. Williamsburg.
“By Do at Rhodes’s Ordy. 1/ Do at Mrs. Vobes
5/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBeER 3, Thursday. Williamsburg.
Washington was in Williamsburg from October
10 until this day when he seems to have set out for
York County. He visited Trebell’s on October 11
and on the 21st visited the Dismal Swamp again:
“By Expences to the Dismal and back £2.7.2.”November] CoLontAL TRAVELLER 173

In another place in Ledger A he enters this ex-
pense as “To Ditto in part the 2d time when we
went round it.” On the 23d he was back in Wil-
liamsburg: “By Club at Trebells &ca. 6/3.” On
the 26th he was again at Trebell’s and Mrs. Vobe’s;
the 29th at Southall’s, the 30th and November Ist
at Trebel’s and on the 3d he settled his account
with Mrs. Campbell, at whose house he stayed on
this visit, at £4.4.0.

November 4, F'riday. York County.
“By Barber at York 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This seems to show that Washington visited York
Town. His trip was to look over the plantations of
John Parke Custis and his own on the York River.

NovEMBER 6, Sunday. New Kent, “Eltham.”
“By Mr. Barthw. Dandridge £2.11.10.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 8, Tuesday. King William Court
House.
“By Exps. at King Wm. Ct. House 5/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

NovEeMsBErR 9, Wednesday. Caroline County.

“By Ditto at Tods Bridge 12/3 Do at Sneads
2/6 By Ferriage at Port Royal 2/6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.174 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1764

NovEMBER 10, Thursday. Stafford County.

“By Ferriage, & Ferryman at Hoes 15/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington crossed over into Maryland and travelled
up the Port Tobacco road; he most likely crossed to
Mount Vernon at Posey’s Ferry, and was at home this

same day.

NoveMBER 29, T'wesday. Alexandria.
“By Expences at Alexandria 7/8.” —Ledger A.
e /
From the accounts, Washington seems to have returned

to Mount Vernon this same day.

DerceMsBer 19, Monday. Colchester.
“By Exps. at Colchester 20/.”—Ledger A.
Washington was on his way to Williamsburg. He

stopped over night at Colchester.

DecempBer 20, Tuesday. Dumfries.
“By Expences at the Ferry [over Occoquan] 5/
Do at Dumfries 28/10.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DerceMBER 22, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“By my Mother 15/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington reached Fredericksburg on this or De-
cember 21 and remained there until January 5.

1764

January 5, Thursday. Stafford County.
“Exps. at little Ferry Machodie 10/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

For some reason Washington retraced his steps andJanuary | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 175

 

the next day (January 6) his expenses at Allan’s Ordi-

nary were 21/.

January 8, Swnday. Stafford and Fairfax
Counties.

“By Expences at Dumfries 7/ Do at Col-
chestr. 19/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

It does not appear that Washington returned to
Mount Vernon, though it is possible that he did; by
January 12 or 13 he was again on the way south as he
notes an expense of the latter date of 12/ at Lucket’s
Ferry.

January 14, Saturday. Caroline County.
“By Ferry at Port Royal 1/3 Exps. at Do
3/ 1 1/2.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

January 15, Sunday. King and Queen and King
William Counties.
“By Exps. at Todds Ordy. 10/ Do at the
Ferry 3/9. —Ledger A, op. ctt. .....

JANUARY 18, Wednesday. Williamsburg.
“Club at Trebels 10/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington may have reached Williamsburg on Jan-
uary 17. On the 19th he was at Southall’s, on the 20th
he again visited Trebell’s; on the 21st he paid Mrs.
Campbell £2 for lodging,176 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1764

January 21, Saturday. York County.
“By Dinner &ca. at York 2/6.”—Ledger A, op.

cit,

JANUARY 22, Sunday. Williamsburg.

“Captn. Mather whom I met with at this place
a day or two ago, seeming to be pretty much dis-
tressed to compleat his loading before the lay days
are out, I shall, in order to facilitate his dispatch
give him all the Tobacco I have ready upon York
River amounting to Fifty two Hhds.”—T'o Cary
& Co., London.

This explains Washington’s trip to York the preceding
day. He stopped at Capahosick, James City County,

on his way back to Williamsburg.

JANUARY 27, Friday. Capahosick and Gloucester
County.
“By Dinner at Capahosick 5/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.
Washington was now on his way back to Mount Ver-
non. He stopped at Mann Page’s at Rosewell, and at

Mrs. Bushrod’s.

Frsruary 2, Thursday. Middlesex and Essex
Counties.

“By Servants Mr. Wormleys 10/6 By Ferriage
at Urbanna 3/ By Ditto at Piscataway 1/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Mr. Ralph Wormley’s of “Rosegill” on the Rappahan-

nock.March | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER ii,

Fresruary 38, Friday. Hobb’s Hole, Essex
County, and Westmoreland.
“By Expences at Hobbs hole 9/4 Do at Evans's
7/6 By Do at Bowler’s 4/9 little Ferry 1/3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Fesruary 4, Saturday. Westmoreland.

“By Ferriage & Exps. at Boyds hole 12/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington crossed the Potomac at this point and
travelled up through St. Mary’s County, Maryland, and
crossed to Mount Vernon by Posey’s Ferry, February 13.

Fesruary 13, Monday. Mount Vernon.

“We have been curiously entertained of late
with ye description of an Engine lately constructed
(I believe in Switzerland and undergone some im-
provements since in England) for taking up Trees
by the Roots. Among other things it is related
that Trees of considerable Diameter are forced up
by this Engine.”—To Cary & Co., London.

Marcu 4, Sunday. Leesburg.
“By Exps. at Leesburg 10/.”—Ledger A.
Washington was on a visit to Frederick County. He
stopped next at Colonel Hite’s, but the date is not given.

Marcu 22, Thursday. Frederick County.

“By Bryan Bruin’s Ordy. Acct. £14.7.5.°—
Ledger A, op. cit.
This same day Washington stopped at West’s Ordi-178 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1764

nary, in Fairfax, on his way home, which he probably

reached March 23.

Marcu 29, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Grafted as follows, viz. 8 Bullock Heart
Cherry’s: these are a fine large bla: Cherry, ripe

in May, but not early.”—Duary.

Aprit 10, Tuesday. Colchester.
“Eixps. at Colchester 22/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit,

Aprit 12, Thursday. Port Royal.
“Exps. at Port Royal 5/4.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Apri, 13, Friday. Hobb’s Hole, or Tappahan-
nock.
“By Exps. at Hobs hole 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Apnrit 14, Saturday. New Kent County.

“By Ferriage at Brick House 7/.’”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

The Brick House was on the York River about a mile
to the east of Colonel Burwell Bassett’s. Washington

probably reached Williamsburg April 15.

Aprit 16, Monday. Williamsburg.
“By Trebell for Wmsburg Octr. Purse—1763
£1.10.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington again subscribed to the races for April,June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 179

1764, £1 and in the interval between April 16 and 25
visited Trebell’s twice. While in Williamsburg on this
visit he lodged at Mrs. Campbell’s. On or about May 3
he left Williamsburg for Mount Vernon.

May 1, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“Your observations in regard to the money which
Master Custis has in your hands are most certainly
just, for his acct. and mine altho’ both under my
directions, are become very distinct things since the
Settlement of the Estate.,—To Cary & Co.,
London.

May [3], Thursday. King William County.
“By Ferriages at Claiborne’s 3/6 Exps. at
Tods 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 4, Friday. Caroline and Stafford Counties.
“By Exps. at Sneads 11/6 Ferriage at Port Rl.

2/6 By ferriage at Hoes 14/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington crossed into Maryland and, probably,

reached Mount Vernon this same day.

JUNE 1, Friday. Alexandria.
“By Expences in Alexandria 5/.”—Ledger A.

June 5, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“got one load of Hay from Peach Orchard
weight 1483 lbs.”—Diary. Orders: “Two Elbow
& Ten common sitting Chairs for an Entertaiming180 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1764

Room—to be large neat and fashionable, and not
to exceed 25/ a piece—Note—If Marine (or hand-
some stuff) bottoms can be had for this price, please
to order it of a proper colour.” —T'o James Gildart,
Liver pool.

JUNE 19, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Dinner and Club at Arles [Arrell’s] 3/9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 20, Wednesday. Mount Vernon, sets out
for Williamsburg.
“Ferry at Colr. 7/6 Exps. at Dumfries 2/6.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have stopped at Fredericksburg,

but the accounts do not indicate this.

JUNE 23, Saturday. Caroline and King William
Counties.

“By Exps. at Hubbard’s £1.5.2. Exps. at
Todds 12/ By Exps. at Danzies 19/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Washington seems to have been in Williamsburg either
the 24th or 25th.

JuNE 25, Monday. Williamsburg.
“By Exps. at Trebels 8/6.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Jury 9, Monday. Williamsburg.
“By Club at Mrs. Vobes 9/ Do at Trebels 21/7
1/2.” —Ledger A, op. cit.August | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

JuLy 18, Wednesday. New Kent.

“By Colo. Bassetts Servants 7/6.”—Ledger A.
Jury 21, Saturday. Essex County.

“By the Speakers Servants 6/6.”—Ledger A.

Speaker John Robinson’s place was at Piscataway,
Essex. It seems by the accounts that Washington
stopped there over Sunday and on July 24, Tuesday,
visited Mr. Warner Washington, stopped at Evan’s Ordi-
nary and crossed the ferry at Piscataway this same day.

Jury 25, Wednesday. Essex, Richmond and
Stafford Counties and St. Mary’s, Maryland.
“By Exps. at Hobs hole 23/6 Do at Leeds
Town and Fere. 23/ By Ferriage at Hoes 42/
Exps. at Laidlers 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aveust 3, Friday. Mount Vernon.

The accounts seem to imply that Washington
crossed the Potomac below Mount Vernon and
stopped for a short time at Belvoir: “By Collo.
Fairfax’s Groom 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Avucusr 22, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“trimmed up 52 heads of Tobo. at Creek Quar-
ter for Sweet scented Seed.”—Diary.

Aveust 27, Monday. Fairfax County.

“By Exps. at Trammels 5/6 Do at Leesburg
10/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
It does not appear that Washington went beyond182 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1764

Leesburg this trip. On the 31st he notes expenses in
that town of 11/9 and, “Do. at Tramls. 4/6.”—Ledger A.
On September 1, he was back at Mount Vernon.

SEPTEMBER 8, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Sowed a few Oats to see if they would stand
the Winter (at Doeg Run) .’—Dhiary.

SEPTEMBER 15, Saturday. Great Falls of the
Potomac.
“By Expenses to the Great Falls—fishing 13/9.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 20, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“You will now receive Invoices for such Goods
as are wanting for Master Custis and myself on

York Rivr.”—To Cary & Co., London.

Srpremper [21], Friday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Grayson’s 3/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 9, Tuesday. Pohick Church.
Attends vestry meeting of Truro Parish at Po-
hick Church.—Ms. Vestry Book.

Ocroser 16, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“By Dancing Master—Mackay for Childn.
£1.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

 

Ocroser [17], Wednesday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Grayson’s 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.December] CoLontAL TRAVELLER 183

OcrosBer 20, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“By Robt Wright—Millwright repairing my
Mill £11.10.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 22, Monday. Occoquan.
‘“Ferriage at Occoquan 7/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

OctToser 23, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“By my Mother £3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroser 27, Saturday. On the road to Williams-
burg.
“Exps. at Hubbards 20/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington seems to have reached Williamsburg be-
fore the end of the month.

NoveMBeER 1, Thursday. Williamsburg.
“By Childrens Books for J.P.C. 5/.”—Ledger

A, op. cit.

Mrs. Washington accompanied him upon this trip as
the accounts show a payment to her on November 8 of
£15.15.1. The Washingtons lodged at Mrs. Campbell’s
and the only other place noted by Washington as visited
is Trebell’s where he went November 19, 24, 28, 30;
December 18, 14 and, apparently, 17. On the 17th or
18th Washington set out on the return to Mount Vernon.

DeEcEMBER 18, T'wesday. Fredericksburg.
“By my Mother £15.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington enters an expense of 24/6 this day at

Hubbard’s Ordinary, before reaching Fredericksburg

and, after leaving that town, of 2/6 at Allan’s Ordinary.184 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1765

   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   

DecemBer 19, Wednesday. Stafford and Fairfax
Counties.

“By Exps. at Dumfries 20/  Ferriage at Colchr.
8/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

He probably reached home this same day. Ledger A
also gives the following entry under October, 1764: “To
my Burgesses Wages untill the adjournment in Octr.
Sessions—viz 54 days @ 15/ £40.10 To 12 traveling
days—to and from Do...... @,.... Do. £9: To Here
riages going and coming over Occoquan, Rappahannock
and Pamunky £1.17.9.” Total £70.4.4.CHAPTER VI
Mount VErRNon Days: 1765-1768

1765

[J anuARY ]|—Mount Vernon.
“By Cash set aside for Card money £5.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Frsruary 13, Wednesday. Pohick Church.
“By Mr. Greens Servants 19/.”—Ledger A.

Fesruary 15, Friday. Belvoir.
“By Colo. Fairfax’s Ditto £2.”—Ledger A
op. cit.

3

Frsruary 26, Tuesday. Occoquan.
“By Expences of a horse at Occoquan 7/6.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 5, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“By freight of 477 Bls. of Oats from E: Shore
at 3d. £5.19.9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington seems to have returned to Mount Vernon
from Occoquan February 26 or 27.

Marcu 16, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“By Ferriage at Falmouth 1/.”—Ledger A.

Washington seems to have left Mount Vernon, on this
185186 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1765

trip, on March 14 or 15. He stayed in Fredericksburg,
presumably, until about March 21 or 22: “By ferriages
at falmouth 1/.”

Marcu 23, Saturday. Colchester.
“By Exps. at Colchester 8/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
He seems to have reached Mount Vernon this same

day.

Marcu 25, Monday. Alexandria.

“By Do [expenses] at Gardners 3/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

This visit to Alexandria was on the business of his
re-election as burgess. On the 28th he paid his lodging
expenses at Arrell’s, 18/3 and 5/ for Cakes, which
seemed to have been an established item in election ex-
penses, and left £2 with Captain John Dalton “to pay
the Exps. of my Election.” Washington seems to have
returned to Mount Vernon March 29.

Marcu 30, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“This day I also grafted 39 New Town Pip-
pins.” —Diary.

Aprit 25, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“By Entrance pd. Mr. [John] Stedlar to
Musick £4.1.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 2, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“By my Exps. to Williamsburg £1.3.0. By my
Do. to hear the Armonica 3/9.”—WLedger A.
Washington set out for Williamsburg some time afterCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 187

 

May |

April 28, if not on that day; while in Williamsburg he
records visiting Trebell’s on May 7 and, apparently, on
May 8; he lodged at Mrs. Campbell’s and seems to have
left Williamsburg May 10 or 11.

May 12, Sunday. New Kent. (“Eltham’’), King
William and Caroline Counties.
“By Colo. Bassetts Servants 3/9 By Exps. at
Todds 6/ Do at Hubbards 8/6.”’—Ledger A,
Op. cit.

May 18, Monday. Fredericksburg.
Washington seems to have been in Fredericks-
/ 2 ina

burg on this date: “By repairing watch 15/.
Ledger A, op. cit.

May 14, Tuesday. Stafford County.
“Eixps. at Allans Ordy. 1/3.—Ledger A,
op. cit.

May 15, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“Sowed Do [hemp] at head of ye Swamp
Muddy H[ole].”—Dnuary.

May 20, Monday. Alexandria.

“By Dinner and Club at Arrols 2/6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Washington returned home this same day. ‘“Sowed
two pieces more at Doeg Run—viz the two Orchards.”—

Diary.188 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1765

May 29, Wednesday. Sets out for Fredericks-
burg.

This date is conjecture; Washington was in
Fredericksburg, June 1: “By Cash gave my
Mother £8,” and he, apparently, remained there
until June 7 or 8.

JUNE 8, Saturday. Dumfries.

“By Expences at Dumfries 9/9.’”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

It would seem from the Diaries that Washington

reached Mount Vernon this day.

JUNE 11, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“By Exps. at Arrols 4/2 Ditto Colo. Fairfax’s
8/1.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 12, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“By Captn. Wentworth for freight of 69,600
Shingles at 5/ £17.8.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuNE 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“By Exps. at Court 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington probably returned to Mount Vernon this

same day.

JUNE 25, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“began to cut my Timothy Meadows on Doeg

Run.” —Driary.July | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 189

JUNE 28, Friday. Colchester.

“By Exps. at Colchester 8/9.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

It is difficult to surmise as to the details of Wash-
ington’s movements at this time. He seems to have re-
turned to Mount Vernon shortly after this date.

JuLy 3, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“By Exps. at Gardner’s 8/9.”—Ledger A, op.
cit.

He probably returned to Mount Vernon this same
day.

JuLy 6, Saturday. Cameron, Fairfax County.
“By Exps. at Adams’s Muster 5/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.
The militia musters of Fairfax County were usually
held at Cameron, a few miles to the west of Alexandria.

Jury 16, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“By Cakes at the Election—viz pd. Eliza.
Pomphret £2.10.1 Bridget £1.15.0 Mary Lynn
£2.3.1.—12/—11/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuLy 17, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“By Mr. Arrels Acct. £6.17.9.”"—Ledger <A,
op. cit.
This would foot, with an expense of 16/ at Pohick,
Washington’s election expenses to a total of £15.4.10.
He probably returned to Mount Vernon this day.190 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1765

JuLy 22, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“began to Sow Wheat at Rivr. Plantn.”—Diary.

AuGcust—Some time near the end of this month
Washington went again to Alexandria, as shown
by the undated entries in Ledger A: “By Mr.
Jno. Kirkpatrick £11.10.1 1/2,” and “By Dinner
& Club 5/.”

SEPTEMBER 4, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.

“By Exps. at Fredericksburg 2/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

The dates of this journey are not available, but Wash-

ington was back at Mount Vernon before September 15.

SEPTEMBER 20, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“As to the Stamp Act, taken in a single view,
one, & ye first bad consequences attending it I take
to be this—Our Courts of Judicature must inevi-
tably be shut up; for it is impossible (or next of
kin to it) under our present Circumstances that
the Act of Parliamt. can be complyd with were we
ever so willing to enforce the execution.’”—To

Francis Dandridge, London.

OcrosEr 25, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Should Mrs. Dandridge have occasion for
Goods as usual I will write for them as soon as she
furnishes me with her Memorandm.”—ZT'o James
Gildart, Liverpool.1766 | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 191

NovemBeEr 6, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.

“One essential article in forming my Invoice for
Potomack I forgot to write for; and that is Wheat
Riddles—rather Sand Sieves.”—T'o Cary & Co.,
London.

NoveMBerR 24, Sunday. “By Exps at Stafford
Court Ho. 8/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Particulars of this journey are not available. It may
be presumed that Washington went to Fredericksburg,
but the accounts are not clear as to this, and the date
of his return to Mount Vernon is conjectural; it seems
reasonable to assume, however, that he was back at Mount
Vernon by the end of the month.

1766

J ANUARY—Some time after January 9 Washing-
ton visited Belvoir: “By Colo. Fairfax’s Serv-
ants £2.2.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frpruary 3-4, Monday-Tuesday. Pohick
Church.
Attends vestry meeting at Pohick Church.—Ms.
Minutes of Vestry.

Fresruary 5, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“By Expences at Gardners 12/6.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.192 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1766

Frpruary 8, Saturday. Cedar Point, Maryland.

“By Expences at Cedar point 5/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

In the summer, fall and winter of 1765 Washington
built a schooner at Mount Vernon; whether he was on
her in this, her maiden voyage, is not clear; it seems
likely that he was. For want of an anchor the schooner
ran, or was blown aground near Cedar Point and Wash-
ington seems to have visited his brother Samuel Wash-
ington, in Westmoreland County, on February 12, while
waiting to float the schooner which was accomplished
a day or two after the 12th: “By Expences in getting

of my Schooner £2.6.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Fersruary 25, Tuesday. Belvoir.

“By Cash pd. Colo. Fairfax pr. Rect. £90."—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Whether Washington returned to Mount Vernon and
then visited Belvoir, or whether he sailed back up the
Potomac and landed, on returning from the lower river
is unknown, but it seems that he was at Mount Vernon

before the end of the month.

Marcu 24, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“Sowed Hemp at Muddy hole to the second

stake.” —Duary.

Apri 10, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“By Exps. to the Convict Ship 3 Dollars
£1.2.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
The ship was commanded by Captain William Mc-
Gachin and probably anchored off Mount Vernon.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

 

Apri [147], Monday. Stafford County.
“By Exps. at Dumfries 8/6 By Do at Colches-
ter and Mr. Brents 4/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Daniel Brent’s place was on Aquia Creek. Washing-

ton was probably at Fredericksburg April 15.

Aprit 17, Thursday. “Eltham,” New Kent.
“By Exps. from Fredericksburg to Colo. Bas-
setts £1.15.5.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 29, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“By Do [expenses] to and from the Dismal
Swamp £1.18.10.”"—Ledger A, op. cit.

The date of Washington’s arrival at Williamsburg 1s
not recorded, it probably was around the 25th of the

month.

May 1, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“By Mr. Campbell of Norfolk for Sales and
Rigg. for my Schooner pr. Rect. &ca. £59.4.8.°—
Ledger A, op. cit.

May 2, Friday. Williamsburg.

“By Club at Jos. Pullets 5/ By Exps. at 'Tre-

bels £1.4.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

On this visit, as usual, Washington lodged at Mrs.
Campbell’s; he visited Trebell’s again on May 38 and
seems to have set out for Mount Vernon May 4 or 5.

May 5, Monday. King William County.
“By Expences at Tods Bridge 9/6.”—Ledger
Ay rOp: Cit:194 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1766

May 6, Tuesday. Essex and Caroline Counties
and St. Mary’s, Maryland.
“By Ditto at Sneads 5/7 By Ditto at Port
Royal 4/4 By Ferriage at Ditto 2/6 By Ditto
at Hoes 14/ By Ferrymen 1/ Exps. at Ledlars 5/.”

—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 7, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.

“Raining till 10 O’clock—very cloudy after-
wards till Night... .”-—Diary. “By Cash pd.
Mr. Stedlar for teaching Mrs. Washington & two
Childn. Musick £38.14.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Arrols 4/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington probably returned home this same day.

May 23, Friday. Great Falls of the Potomac.
“By Expences at the Falls 8/9.”—Ledger A.
There seems to be no record of this trip, which was,

presumably another fishing trip, but Washington was,

probably, back at Mount Vernon on Sunday, May 25.

JUNE 16, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“Began to cut my Meadows at Home.”—Dnuary.
“By expences in seeing an Elk 8/9.” —Ledger A.

JUNE 17, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Arrols 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington was back at Mount Vernon before the

20th.September] CoLoNiIAL ‘TRAVELLER 195

JuLy 9, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“My schooner arrived at Colchester.”—Diary.
On the 17th he records that the schooner came up to
Mount Vernon with 10,031 feet of planks from the Oc-
coquan saw mills and on the 21st he paid Bushby
17/ for painting her.

 

Juxy 21, Monday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Arrols 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
This visit to Alexandria, like most, was on court busi-
ness. Washington returned home this same day. “‘Se-
cured all my Harvest in Shocks at D[ogue] R[un].”—
Diary.

Jury 25, Friday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Arrols 2/8.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington returned to Mount Vernon this same day
“began to Sow Turneps in Drills behind the Quarter.”—
Diary.

Avueust 22, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Began to Sow Wheat at Doeg Run.’”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 15, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“Turnd flax at Home House.’”—Duiary.
Washington called the Mount Vernon dwelling the
Home House, or, at times, the Mansion House and the
farm around it, one of the five into which his estate was

divided, the Mansion House Farm.196 GrEORGE WASHINGTON [1766

OctToBER 29, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“finishd Sowing Wheat at Muddy hole 170
Bushels in all.” —Diary.

Octroser 30, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

Sets out for Williamsburg to attend the session
of the Burgesses. “By Exps. at Dumfries £1.5.0.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

NovEMBER 2, Sunday. Fredericksburg and King
William County.
“By Colo. Baylors Servants 5/ By Colo. Lewis’s
Ditto 2/6 By Exps. at Todds Bridge 12/9.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

NovemBeEr 3, Monday. King William County.
“By ferriages at Claibornes 10/6.”—Ledger A.
Washington reached Williamsburg either this day or

the next. He remained there until December 15, with

the exceptions of the side trips made during this period.

NovEeMBER 15, Saturday. New Kent County.
“By Club at the Brick House 4/.”—Ledger A.

NoveMBER 18, Twesday. Isle of Wight, Nanse-
mond and Norfolk Counties.

“By Ferriages at Burwells 7/6 By Exps. at
Suffolk 2/ Do at Willets 3/4 By Ferriages at
Hog island and Ferryn. 8/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington evidently returned from New Kent to

Williamsburg November 15. Burwell’s and the HogCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 197

 

December |

Island Ferry over the James River seem to have been
practically the same. Washington seems to have been
back in Williamsburg by November 24 or 25.

Decemser 1, Monday. Williamsburg.

“By Tea at the Coffee House 1/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

On December 12 he incurred expenses of £4.11.9 at
Trebell’s and settled with Mrs. Campbell for board and
lodging £17.7.6.

Decemper 15, Monday. New Kent County.
“By Mr. Barthw. Dandridge £22.10.0 By
Colo. Bassetts Servants 14/3.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

DeEcEMBER 16, T'wesday. On the road to Freder-
icksburg.
“By Expences at Hubbards £1.12.6.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.
He seems to have reached Fredericksburg December

17 and to have been at Dumfries on the 18th.

DecemsBer 19, Friday. Fairfax County.
“By Expences at Occoquan ferry 10/.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Decemper 20, Saturday. Fairfax.

“By Ditto at Lynton’s Ordy. 18/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

The slowness of this journey is explained to a degree
by entries under December 19 and 20: “By Antimony198 GEORGE WASHINGTON [ 1767

2/6” and “By Mr. Ross’s Smith mendg. Wheel of Chat.
1.” Washington was at Mount Vernon on December 21.

DrEcEMBER 26, Friday. Belvoir.

“By Colo. Fairfax’s Servants £1.5.0.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

It can not be judged from the expense account whether
Washington returned to Mount Vernon this same day

or not.
1767

JANUARY 24, Saturday. Fredericksburg.

“By Club at Mr. Weedon’s 5/3.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

There are no further particulars in Ledger A of this
journey to Fredericksburg. On the 28th he again notes
a small expense at Weedon’s and paid Roger Dixon 10/
for ferriages up to December 21, 1766, which with other
similar entries scattered through the cash account reveal
the Virginia colonial custom of allowing the frequent
traveller to settle his ferry charges at intervals instead
of at each trip.

It appears that Washington returned to Mount Ver-

non the end of the month.

Fresruary 16, Monday. Alexandria.
“By Club at Arrols 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Frsruary 23, Monday. Pohick Church.
Attends Vestry meeting of Truro at Pohick.—
Truro Vestry Book.A pril] CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 199

Marcu 13, Friday. Caroline Court House.

“By Expences at Caroline Ct. House 5/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was now on his way to attend the session
of the Burgesses, who sat from March 12 until April 11.
At a guess, he left Mount Vernon about March 11.

Marcu 14, King and Queen and King William
Counties.

“By Ditto [expenses] at Hubbards 6/3 By
Ditto at Todd’s Bridge 2/10 By Ditto at Clai-
bornes 9/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington probably reached Williamsburg March
15. As evidence that he may have used snuff to some
extent there is noted under April 2: “By 1 Paper Snuff
Box 7/6.” This is not conclusive as it seems to be the
only entry for such purchase and, therefore, may well
have been for a gift.

Aprin 4, Saturday. Williamsburg.
“The design of this Letter is to cover the In-
closed Bill.’—T'o Cary & Co.

Aprit 8, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“By Expences to the Dismal Swamp and back
£1.12.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

The precise date of this visit to the Dismal can not
be determined; it seems proper to place it, however, be-
tween April 4 and 8.

Aprit 10, Friday. Williamsburg.
“Ticket to the Concert 5/ By Anthony Hay200 GEORGE WASHINGTON [ 1767

(Tavern) Acct. £3.19.3 By Club there after-
wards 6/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Apri [11], Saturday. Williamsburg.
“By Mrs. Campbells Acct. £12.5.0.”—Leger A.
Washington evidently lodged this time with Mrs.
Campbell. He set off this same day for Mount Vernon.

Aprit 12, Sunday. King William County.
t eo «

~

“By Exps. Todds 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 13, Monday. Caroline, King George and
Stafford Counties.
“By Expences at Sneads 3/3 Ferriage at Port
Royal 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 15, Wednesday. Stafford County and St.
Mary’s Maryland.

“By Ferriage at Hoes 12/ By Expences at
Laidlers 6/8.” —Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington was, probably, back at Mount Vernon on
April 15 or 16.
Apri 30, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“By Mr. Stedlar for Mastr. & Miss Custis
£25.16.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 2, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“By my Expences to Marlborough and back 5/.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

It would seem that Washington went into Maryland

on May 1, but the purpose is not discernible.COLONIAL TRAVELLER

July |

May 17, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“Our Crops on that River [York] were very
short last year and on this (Potomack) I did not
make one pound of Tobacco.”—To Cary & Co..,
London.

May 20, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“By Exps. in seeing Slight of hand performed
£1.13.9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 27, Wednesday. Pohick Church.
Attends Vestry meeting of Truro at Pohick
Church.—Truro Vestry Book.

JuNE 4, Thursday. On the way to Frederick
County.
“By Exps. travelling to Frederick 9/6.’—
Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 5, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“By Expences on the Road from Fredk.
£1.13.9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 24, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“By Expences at Arrols 1/6.”—Ledger A,
Op. cit.
i Washington returned to Mount Vernon this same
ay.

Juty 14, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“Finished my Wheat Harvest.”—Diary.202 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1767

J uty 25, Saturday. Pohick Church.
Attends Vestry meeting of Truro at Pohick
Church.—Truro Vestry Book.

Avucust 3, Monday. Mount Vernon.

On this day, or the next, Washington set out with
Colonel George William Fairfax for a visit to the Warm
Springs, now Berkeley; Mrs. Washington accompanied
them. They passed through Leesburg, but the date is
not given, also they passed by Hedges, on Patterson
Creek, Frederick County, in the Shenandoah Valley,
where Washington and Fairfax had stopped twenty years

before.

AvuGusr 22, Saturday. Mount Vernon.

“By Wm. Hunt on Acct. of Ditching £3.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

The exact date of Washington’s return from the Warm
Springs does not seem to be available, he was, however,

at Mount Vernon on this date.

SEPTEMBER 28, Monday. Pohick Church.
Attends Vestry meeting of Truro at Pohick
Church.—T'ruro Vestry Book.

OcroBer 9, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“By Mrs. Cleveland for her trouble of keepg.
Ho. while we were at the Springs in Augt.
£ 1.16.0.”"—Ledger A, op. cit.November] CoLoniau TRAVELLER 203

Ocroper 11, Sunday. St. Mary’s County, Mary-
land.

“By Ferriages &ca. at Ledlars 13/10.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

OctToBerR 13, Tuesday. St. Mary's.
“By Do [ferriages] at Nomany 2/10.”—Ledger
A, op. cit.

Octoser 19, Monday.
“By Ferriage at Russes 6/ Ferriages at Frazers
3/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Ocroper 20, Tuesday. King William and Wil-
liamsburg.

“By Do [ferriages] at West point 4/6 By Sub-
scription for the Octr. Purse 1767 pd. An: Hay
£1.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

West Point is where the Mattapony and Pamunkey

Rivers join to form York River.

NovemsBer 4, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“By Club at Hays 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit. On
November 5 is an entry: “By fiddle Strings for J.
P. Custis 4/ 4 1/2.”

NovEMBER 6, Friday. Williamsburg.

“By Mrs. Campbells Acct. for my Board &ca.
£3.10.0. By Club at Hays 16/ By Ditto at Charl-
tons 2/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington seems to have left Williamsburg this day
or the next for Mount Vernon.204 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1767

NovEeMBER 7, Saturday. New Kent and King
William Counties.
“By Ferriages at Claiborne &ca. 3/ 7 1/2 By
Expences at Todds 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Novemser 8, Sunday. Caroline and King George
Counties.
“By Expences at Port Royal 4/ ferriage there
2/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBER 9, Monday. Stafford County and St.
Mary’s County, Maryland.
“By Cash lent my Brot. Saml. on Interest £425
By ferriage &ca. at Hoes 12/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
Washington probably reached Mount Vernon this same
day or November 10.

NovEMBER 13, Friday. Mount Vernon.

‘By Exps. in Surveyg. ye Road from Doag Run
to Colchester £1.10.0 By Exps. at Colchester 2/6.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Washington stopped at Belvoir in the course of this
survey. “To Cash paid you at Belvoir £42.10.0.” <Ac-
count with George William Fairfax, dated November 15

in the cash account.

NovEeMBER 17, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.

“Then run the Courses of the road from Mount
Vernon door to the Gum spring which is as follws
- + + —Toner transcript, L. C.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 205

 

December |

Novemser 20, Friday. Pohick Church.
Attends Vestry meeting of Truro at Pohick
Church: “Vestry in Truro Parish.”—Dvuary.

NovEMBER 22, Sunday. Fairfax County.
“By Exps. at Wests Ordy. 13/9 By Pilots for
shewming Carters Land 15/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBER 23, Monday. Frederick County.

“By Exps. at Boggess’s 7/6 By Copy of a
Patent from ye Proprietors Office 3/ 1 1/2.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

DecemsBer 5, Saturday. Frederick and Fairfax
Counties.
“By my Brother John lent £25 By my Expe.
at Snickers 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DrecemBerR 6, Sunday. Fairfax County and
Mount Vernon.
“By Ditto [expenses] at Wests Ordy. 2/.”—
Ledger A, op. cit.

DecemBer 19, Saturday. Fredericksburg.

“By Cash gave my Mother £10 Ferriage 2/.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

The reason for this short visit to Fredericksburg is
not apparent. Washington was back at Mount Vernon

on Christmas eve.GEORGE WASHINGTON

1768

JANUARY I, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Fox huntg. in my own Neck with Mr. Robt.
Alexander, and Mr. Colvill. Catchd nothing.
Captn. Posey with us.”—Diary.

The Neck Plantation was the name applied for a time
to the land immediately above Little Hunting Creek. The
Clifton purchase added to this in 1760 and the Neck

then became a part of what was usually referred to as
the “River Farm.”

JANUARY 18, Monday. Alexandria.
~ Went to Court and sold Colo. Colvil’s L[an]d,
returnd again at Night.”—Diary.

JANUARY 19, Twesday. Belvoir.

“Went to Belvoir with Mr. Dick, my Bro’r, and
Charles Dick, a merchant of Fredericksburg.” —
Diary.

J ANUARY 20, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd from Do. by the Mill, Doeg Run and
Muddy hole.’’—Diary.

JANUARY 24, Sunday. “Towlston,” Fairfax
>
County.
“Rid up to Toulston in order to Fox hunt it.” —
Diary.
*“'Towlston Grange” was the name of Bryan Fairfax’s

estate above Alexandria on Difficult Run. Later, afterMarch | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 207

he had entered the ministry, Bryan Fairfax built a house
about two miles southwest of Alexandria which he called
“Mount Eagle.”

JANUARY 28, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd Home.’—Duiary.

JANUARY 29, Friday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir with Mrs. Washington, &ca.

after Dinner.” —Duary.

January 380, Saturday. Belvoir and Mount
Vernon.
“Dined at Belvoir and returned in the after-
3 ‘
noon. —Dhiary.

JANUARY 31, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“At Home alone all day.” —Diary.

Fersruary 16, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexa[ndria] and returned in ye
Eveng.’”—Diary.

FrEpruary 28, Sunday. Prince William County.

“In the afternoon went up to Mr. Robt. Alex-
ander’s in order to meet Mr. B. Fairfax and others
a fox Huntg. None came this day but Captn.
Posey.” —Diary.

Marcu 1, Tuesday. Prince William County.
“Went a fox hunting with the Alex[ande]rs,
and Posey; was during the chase (in which nothing208 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

was catechd) joind by Mr. Fairfax, Jno. Alexander
and [John] Muir.”—Diary.

Marcu 3, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Returnd home much disordered by a Lax Grip-
ing and violent straining.”—Diary.

Washington was not fully recovered until March 11.

Marcu 18, Friday. Belvoir.

“Went with Colo. [John] Carlyle and our Fam-
ilies to Belvoir. Myself and Mrs. W[ashingto ]n
returnd leaving the others there.” —Diary.

Marcu 21, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court. Colo. Carlyle and Family and
Sally Carlyle also went up.”—Diary.

Apri. 3, Swnday. Pohick Church.
Y
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner. —Diary.

Aprrit 6, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Mr. [William] Crawford set of home, and we
(together with Miss Betsy Ramsay) went up to

Alexa. to a Ball.” —Diary.

Aprit 7, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“We returnd from Alexandria—thro Snow.”—

Diary.

ApriL 17, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Church and returnd to Dinner.’—
Diary.209

 

CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER

 

May |

Aprit 18, Monday. Alexandria.

‘Went to Court and returned in the Evening.”
—Diary.

He dined at David Arrell’s.

Aprit 26, Tuesday. Fairfax County.

“Set of for Williamsburg with Mrs. Washing-
ton, Jacky and Patcy Custis and Billy Basset.
Lodgd at Mr. Lawson’s.”—Diary.

Billy Bassett was the son of Colonel Burwell Bassett ;
James Lawson lived in Colchester.

Apri 27, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Reachd Fredericksburg.’—Duary.
They stayed at Colonel Fielding Lewis’s.

Aprit 29, Friday. Caroline and King and Queen
Counties.

“Proceeded on our journey and reached Hub-
bard’s ordy. in comp. with Colo. Lewis and Mr.
Dick.”—Duary.

“By Exps. at Hubbards 26/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Aprit 30, Saturday. King William and “Eltham”
in New Kent.
“Breakfasted at Todd’s Bridge. Dind at Clai-
borne’s and came to Colo. Basset’s.”—Duary.

May 2, Monday. Williamsburg.
“Went to Williamsburg with Colo. Bassett,210 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

Colo. Lewis and Mr. Dick. Dind with Mrs. Daw-
son, and went to the Play.’—Duary.

Elizabeth (Churchill) Dawson, widow of Commissary
William Dawson who was President of the College of
William and Mary. Mrs. Dawson kept a fashionable
boarding-house in Williamsburg.

Washington purchased the play tickets at a cost of
£1.7.6. He went to the play again on May 5 or 6, dined
with Speaker John Robinson on May 3, with Mrs. Daw-
son and supped at Richard Charlton’s May 4 and dined
at Mrs. Campbell’s May 5. He visited Charlton’s again
May 7 and Mrs. Vobe’s the same day.

May 6, Friday. York River.

“Rid to the Plantations near Williamsburg and
dined at Mr. Valentine’s.”’

Joseph Valentine was overseer of the York Plantation.
May 7, Saturday. “Eltham,” New Kent County.

“Came up to Colo. Bassett’s to Dinner.’”—
Diary.

The next day, Sunday, Washington attended St.
Peter’s Church, in New Kent.

May 10, T'wesday. New Kent.

“Rid to the Brick House and returnd to Dinner;
after which went a dragging for Sturgeon.’””—
Diary.

May 11, Wednesday. New Kent.

Dined at the Glebe with Mr. Davis.

Reverend Thomas Davis, later minister of Christ
Church, Alexandria. He officiated at Washington’s

funeral.May | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 211

May 12, Thursday. New Kent Court House.
“Went to New Kent Court with Colo. Bassett.”
—Diary.
The next day Washington fished for sturgeon and spent
part of the time “a gunning.”

May 14, Friday. King William County.

“Went to my Plantation in King William by
Water and dredgd for Sturgeon, and catchd one.”
—Dhiary.

May 15, Saturday. New Kent.
“Rid to see Colo. Bassett’s Meadow at [John]
Root’s.”—Diary.

May 16, Monday. New Kent, on York River.
“Fishing for Sturgeon from Breakfast to Din-
ner but catchd none.’—Diary.

May 17, Tuesday. New Kent.
“Rid to the Brick House and returnd to Din-
ner.” —Diary.

May 18, Wednesday. New Kent.
“Did the same and got my Chariot and Horses
over to Claiborne’s.”—Diary.

May 20, Friday. New Kent, King William and
Essex Counties.

“Set of from Colo. Bassett’s for Nomony,

crossed over to Claiborne’s; from thence by Frazer’s212 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

Ferry to Hob’s hole, dining at Webb’s Ordinary.”
—Diary.

Nomini, on the Potomac, in southern part of West-
moreland County. John Augustine Washington lived
and died there. Frazer’s Ferry on the Mattapony River
on the Williamsburg road. Hobb’s Hole or Hobby’s, now
Tappahannock, Essex County. Webb’s inn was at
Hobb’s Hole.

May 21, Saturday. Westmoreland County.

‘“Reachd my Brother John’s, who and his wife
were up the Country. Cross’d over to Mr.
Booth’s.”—Diary.

May 22, Sunday. Westmoreland.

“Went to Church at (Nomony) and returnd to
Mr. Booth’s to Dinner, who was also from home
in Gloucester. Mr. Smith, the Parson, dind with
us.’ —Diary.

“Ferry at Nomony 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit. Mr.
Smith is believed to be the Rev. Mr. Augustine Smith.

May 23, Monday. Westmoreland.
“At Mr. Booth’s all day with Revd. Mr. Smith.”

—Diary.

May 24, Twesday. Westmoreland.
“Came up to Pope’s Creek and staid there all
day.” —Diary.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 213

May 25, Wednesday. Westmoreland.
“Got up to my Brother Sam’s to Dinner, found

Mrs. Jno. Washington, etca., there.” —Diary.

May 26, Thursday. Westmoreland.

‘“Remaind at my Brother Sam’s, where my
Brother Jno. came, as also Mr. Lawe. Washington,
&ea. to Dinner.”—Diary.

Mr. Lawrence Washington, of “Chotank.”

May 27, Friday. Westmoreland.
“Dined at Mr. J. Washington’s with the compy.
at my Br[other |s.”—Duary.
May 28, Saturday. Stafford and Westmoreland
Counties.
“Went to Boyd’s hole and returnd to my
Brother’s to Dinr., where we found Colo. Lewis

and my Br. Charles.”—Duary.
“May 29 By Mr. Chambers at Boyd hole £7.10.9 By
Mr. Grants at Ditto 14/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 29, Sunday. Westmoreland.
“Went to St. Paul’s Church and Dined at my

Brother’s.’’—Duary.

May 30, Monday. Potomac River, in vicinity of
Mathias Point.
“Went fishing and dined under Mr. L. Wash-
ington’s shore.” —Diary.
Lawrence Washington, of “Chotank.” It would seem
that this location was west of what is now Mathias Point.214 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

May 31, Tuesday. Stafford County, Virginia and
St. Mary’s, Maryland.
“Returnd home, crossing at Hooe’s Ferry
through Port Tobacco.”—Diary.
“By Ferriage at Hoes £2.8.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JuNE 5, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went to Church at Alexandria and dined at
Colo, [John] Carlyle’s.”—Diary.

JuNE 5, Sunday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to meet the Attorney
Gen'l, and returnd with him, his Lady and Daugh-
ter, Miss [Lettice] Corbin and Majr. [Daniel of
St. Thomas] Jenifer.”—Diary.

JUNE 12, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.’ —Diuary.

JUNE 13, Monday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir.” —Diary.

JUNE 14, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
~Returnd home again and found Mr. B[ryan]
Fairfax here.”—Diary.

JUNE 20, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court and returnd at Night.”—Diary.

JUNE 21, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up again and stayd all Night.”—Diary.June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 215

JUNE 22, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home in the afternoon.’’—Dhiary.

JUNE 24, Friday. Alexandria.

“before Dinner, was sent for by express to come
to Alexa. to settle and arbitrate an Acct. between
Mr. George West and Mr. Chs. Alexander with
Mr. Thomson Mason and Mr. Ellzey.”—Diary.

“By Exps. at Arrols 20/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 25, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Returnd Home and remaind there all day.”—
Diary.

JUNE 28, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“Set of for, and Reachd Fredericksburg.’—
Diary.

JUNE 29, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“Rid round and examined the Wheat Fields
there, which were fine.” —Duary.

JUNE 30, Thursday. Hanover County.

“Went to Mr. Boucher’s. Dined there and left
Jacky Custis. Returnd to Fredericksburg in the
Afternn.”

The Reverend Jonathan Boucher (1738-1804) came
to America in his youth, entered the ministry and offici-
ated at various churches. He opened a school for youth
in Caroline County and subsequently removed, with it, to
Annapolis, Maryland. When Washington placed John
Parke Custis under his care, on this date, the school was216 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

in Hanover County. Young Custis removed with him to
Annapolis.

Juty 1, Friday. Stafford Court House.

“Went over to Stafford Court House to a meet-
ing of the Missisipi [Company]. Dined and lodgd
there.” —Diary.

Jury 2, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Dined at Dumfries and reachd home.”—Diary.

Juty 10, Swnday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Church and returnd to Dinner.”—
Diary.

JuLy 16, Saturday. Pohick Church.

“Went by Muddy hole and Doeg Run to the
vestry at Pohick Church. Stayd there till half
after 3 oclock and only 4 Members coming, re-
turnd by Captn. [Daniel] McCarty’s and dind
there.” —Dhiary.

JuLy 24, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church.”—Diary.

Jury 25, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went to Alexandria and bought a Bricklayer
from Mr. [Harry] Piper and returnd to Dinner.
In the afternoon Mr. R[obert] Alexander came.”
—Dhiary.

The bricklayer was Michael Tracy (WashingtonCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 217

 

August |

spelled it Treacy), an indentured servant. The price
paid was £18.4.0.

JuLy 31, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went to Alexa. Church. Dind. at Colo. Car-
lyle’s and returnd in the afternoon.’”—Diuary.

Avueust 1, Monday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir and dined; returnd in the aft-

ernoon.’—Diuary.

Avcust 5, Friday. Cameron, Fairfax County.

“Went by Muddy hole, the Mill, and Doeg Run
Plantations to a Race at Cameron. Returnd in the
Evening.” —Diuary.

Cameron, at the head of Hunting Creek, was the site
of the proposed town which John Colvill and John Minor
attempted to establish in 1746, as a rival to Alexandria,
then “Belhaven.” Though there was never anything on
the site but the ordinary, or tavern, marked on the 1755
edition of the Fry and Jefferson map, the name persisted
because it marked the junction of all the roads leading
into Alexandria. Races and musters of the militia were
held there and the Truro Vestry made it the point of de-
parture of processionings. At the end of the century
the “Cameron Mills” perpetuated the tradition, and
the waters which actuated those mills are still marked

“Cameron Run” on the modern map.

Aveust 15, Monday. Alexandria.
‘Went to Court. Mr. Igns. Digges, Mr. Lee,
and Mr. Hill come here.”—Duary.218 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

“By Club at Arroys 6/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit. Wash-
ington returned to Alexandria this same day. Ignatius
Digges was the brother of William Digges, of “Warbur-
ton,” Prince George County, Maryland. Thomas Sim
Lee, was, later, Governor of Maryland and Mr. Hill is

presumed to be of Charles County, Maryland.

Avueust 17, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Dind at Belvoir with the above Gentlemen, and
returnd in the afternoon.’—Diary.

Aveust 20, Saturday. Westmoreland.

“Set out for my Brother Sam’s and Nomony.
Crossd at the Mouth of Nangomy and went to my
Brother’s.”—Diuary.

“Ferry at Saunders 12/.”—Ledger A, op. cit. Wash-
ington apparently crossed into Maryland and recrossed

to Virginia at Nangamy.

Aveust 21, Sunday. Westmoreland.
“At my Brother’s. Colo. [Fielding] Lewis and
my Brothr. Charles came there.”—Duary.

Avueust 23, Tuesday. Potomac River.
“Hauling the Sein under Mr. Lawrence Wash-

ington’s shore.”—Dhiary.

Aveust 24, Wednesday. Potomac River.
“Imbarked on board my Schooner for Nomony.
Lay of Captn. Laidler’s.”—Dniary.

Laidler’s seems to have been the Maryland end of RiceAugust | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 219

Hoe’s ferry, which ran from below Mathias Point to the

mouth of Pope’s Creek, in Maryland.

Aveust 25, Thursday. Potomac River.
‘Hauling the Sein upon the Bar of Cedar Point

for Sheeps heads but catchd none. Run down be-

low Mouth of Machodack and came to.” —Duary.

Machodoc Creek, Westmoreland County.

Aveust 26, Friday. Nomoni, Westmoreland
County.
“Reachd my Brother John’s at Night.”—Diuary.

Aveust 27, Saturday. Potomac River.

“Hauling the Sein upon Hollis’s Marsh Bar
and elsewhere for Sheeps heads, but catchd none.”
—Dniary.

At upper cape of Nomoni Creek.

Aveust 28, Sunday. Westmoreland.
“Went to Nomony Church and returnd to my
Brother’s to Dinner.” —Diuary.

Aveust 29, Monday. Potomac River and West-
moreland County.
“Went into Machodack Ck. fishing, and dind
with the Revd. Mr. [Thomas] Smith.”—Dzuary.

Aveust 30, Tuesday. Potomac River.
“Hauling the Sein on the Bars near Hollis’s
Marsh and other places.”—Diary.220 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

Aveust 31, Wednesday. Westmoreland.

“Dined with Mr. Jno. Smith who was maryed
yesterday to the widow Lee.”—Daiary.

Mrs. Mary Lee, daughter of the Reverend Thomas
Smith, of Cople Parish. John Smith was her third hus-
band. Dr. J. M. Toner states that they, later, moved to
Middlesex County and that John Smith was called “The
Inoculator.”

SEPTEMBER 1, Thursday. Potomac River.

“Set out from Nomony in my return to Cho-
tanck. Lodgd on board the Vessel between Swan
Point and Ced[ar] P[oint].”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 2, Friday. Potomac River and West-
moreland County.
“Came up as high as Hoes ferry and Walk[ed]
to my Brother Sam’s.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 3, Saturday. Stafford County.
“Went to Mr. John Stith’s and dind there. Re-
turnd in the after noon.”—Diary.
John Stith, of King George County, married Anne,
daughter of Lawrence Washington, of “Chotank.” His

granddaughter, Ariana, married Warner Washington in

1805.

SEPTEMBER 4, Sunday. Stafford County.

“Went to Church, dind at Colo. Harrison’s and
returnd to my Brs. in the afternoon.” —Diary.
Colonel Nathaniel Harrison (1703-91), of Brandon,September] CoLoniAL TRAVELLER 221

on James River. In 1748 he married Lucy, daughter of
Robert (“King”) Carter and widow of William Fitzhugh,
of Eagle’s Nest in Stafford, and for many years lived at
Eagle’s Nest, where Washington visited him.

Sepremser 5, Monday. St. Mary’s County, Mary-
land.

“Crossed over to the lower point of Nangamy
where I met my Chariot and returnd home.’—
Diary.

“By Saunders for Ferriages &ca. 13/3.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.CHAPTER VII

 

GATHERING CLouDs: 1768-1769
1768

SEPTEMBER 6, T'wesday. Mount Vernon.

“Went in the Forenoon to the Mill, Doeg Run
and Muddy hole. In the Afternoon paid a visit
to Majr. Fairfax (Brother to Lord Fx) at Bel-
voir. —Diary.

Robert, seventh Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1706-93),
youngest child of Thomas (fifth Lord Fairfax) and
Catherine Culpeper, sometimes called Major Fairfax,
came to Virginia for the first time in 1768 and was a fre-
quent visitor at Belvoir while there. He returned to
England before the outbreak of the Revolutionary War
and died there. By his will, which, of necessity, merely
confirmed his mother’s, all his American lands were de-

vised to the Reverend Denny Martin Fairfax.

SEPTEMBER 7, Wednesday. Belvoir.
‘Dined at Belvoir with Mrs. WT[ashingto]n
etca.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 8, Thursday. Alexandria.
“Went to a Ball in Alexandria.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 9, Friday. Fairfax County.
‘“Proceeded to the Meeting of our vestry at the
New Church and lodgd at Captn. Edwd. Payne’s.”

The “New Church” here mentioned was that chapel of
222September] CoLoniAL TRAVELLER 223

ease of Truro Parish which was built on the Ox Road
above the springs of Pohick Run, near the present-day
Fairfax Court House. It was usually called ‘‘Payne’s
Church,” as Edward Payne, a Truro vestryman, whom
Washington visited on this occasion, built the church
under contract with the Truro Vestry, in 1766, at a con-

tract price of £579.

SEPTEMBER 10, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Returnd home and dind at Belvoir with Lord

Fairfax etca.”

SEPTEMBER 15, Thursday. Belvoir.

‘Dined at Belvoir with Colo. Robt. Burwell.”—
Diary.

Colonel Robert Burwell, of Williamsburg.

SEPTEMBER 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court with Colo. Burwell, &ca.’—~

Diary.

SEPTEMBER 20, T'uesday. Alexandria.

“Colo. Burwell, &ca. went away to Belvoir; and
[I with] Mrs. Washington and ye two childn. went
up to Alexandria to see the Inconstant, or Way to

Win him Acted.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 21, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Stayd in Town all day and saw the Tragedy
of Douglas Playd.’—Diuary.
For the play tickets for Mrs. Washington and the chil-224 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

dren and for the tragedy of Douglas the expense was

£3.12.6.—Ledger A.

SMBER 22, Thursday. J 7ernon.
SEPTEMBER 22, Thursday. Mount Vern
‘Came home in the forenoon.’”’—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 28, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Colo. Fairfax’s and returnd in the
afternoon.’ —Diary.

SEPTEMBER 29, Thursday. Accotink.

“Went to a Purse Race at Accatinck and re-
turnd with Messrs. Robt. and George Alexander.”
—Diary.

Accotink, about four miles below Mount Vernon at the
mouth of Accotink Creek. Washington entered one of

his horses in a pacing race and paid Robert Sanford 12s.
to ride him. Ledger A also notes an expense of 12s.6d.
at the Accotink race this date.

OcroBer 5, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Went to Alexandria after an early dinner to see
a ship (the Jenny) Launched, but was disap-
pointed and came home.” —Diuary.

Ocroser 6, Thursday. Alexandria.
“Went up again, saw the Ship Launchd; stayd
all night to a Ball and set up all Night.”—Diary.
Part of this night was spent at cards at which Wash-
ington lost 19s.

Octroser 7, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Came home in the Morning and remaind.”October | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 225

OctTosBER 16, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church. Dind at Captn. Mc-

Carty’s and came home at Night.”—Dvuary.

OcrosEr 19, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Set of on my Journey to Williamsburg and
reachd Colo. Henry Lee’s to Dinner.’ —Diary.
Colonel Henry Lee, Father of “Light Horse Harry”

lived near Dumfries.

Ocroser 20, Thursday. Stafford County.
“Detained there all day by Rain.” —Diuary.

OctoseEr 21, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“Reachd Fredericksburg, found Warner Wash-
ington, &ca. there.” —Diary.

Warner Washington (1715-91), eldest son of John
and Catherine (Whiting) Washington, first cousin to
George Washington. Warner married Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Colonel William Macon, of New Kent, and, after
her death, Hannah Fairfax, daughter of the Honorable
William Fairfax.

Octoser 22, Saturday. Caroline and King and
Queen Counties.
“Dined at Parker’s Ordy. and lodgd at Mr.
Benjn. Hubbard’s—Colo. Lewis’ also.”—Diuary.

OctoBEeR 23, Sunday. King William and New
Kent Counties.

“Dined at the Causey and got to Colo. Bas-

setts.” —Diuary.226 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

The “Causey”—Causeway, over the Pamunkey River,
which seers to have been another name for Claiborne’s.
Washington had also dined at Todd’s Bridge, in King

and Queen County.

Octoser 24, Monday. Williamsburg.
“Dined at Jos[ep ]h Valentine’s, sent Chairs and
Horses over James River, and lodgd in Wms.burg

ourselves.” —Diary.

Ocroser 25, Tuesday. Isle of Wight County.
“Crossed James River and by Rain was forced
to lodge at one Captn. Stowe’s.”—Diary.
“By Ferriages at Hog Island,” 7s. 6d. A few miles be-

low Jamestown.

Ocroser 27, Thursday. North Carolina.

“Breakfasted in Suffolk; dined and lodgd in the
Dismal Swamp at Jno. Washington’s.”’

In October, 1768, Washington paid Colonel Lewis
£56.2.2 for his part of the share, in the Dismal Swamp
Adventure, formerly owned by the late Speaker, John
Robinson. The relationship of this John Washington

with George has not been traced.

Octoser 27, Thursday. North Carolina.
“Went up to our Plantation at Norfleet’s in
Carolina and returned in the aftern.”—Duary.

Ocroser 28, Friday. Norfolk County, Virginia.
“Went into the Pond with Colo. Lewis, Majr.November] CoLontAL TRAVELLER 227

Reddick and Jno. Washington, and at Night went
to ye Majrs.”—Diary.
The pond was, probably, Lake Drummond,

OctoBErR 29, Saturday. Isle of Wight County.
“Got to Smithfield in return to Wmsburg.”—
Diary.

OctToBER 30, Sunday. Williamsburg.
“Set out early; breakfasted at Hog Island and

5
.

dined in Wmslburg].”—Diary.

OcroBER 31, Monday. Williamsburg.
“Dined at the Mayor’s Ent’d. of the Govr. in
Ditto.”

The Governor was Norbonne Berkeley, Baron Bote-
tourt.

NoveMBER 1, Twesday. Williamsburg.

“In Williamsburg Dined at the Speaker’s, with
many Gentlemen.”’—Diary.

While in Williamsburg Washington dined at the At-
torney General’s with the Governor and other gentlemen
on November 2, at Mrs. Dawson’s on the 3d, and Ays-
cough’s on the 4th.

Novemser 5, Saturday. Williamsburg.
“Dined at Mrs. Campbell’s, where I had spent
all my Evenings since I came to Town.’ —Diary.228 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

NovEMBER 6, Sunday. “Eltham,” New Kent
County.
“Left Williamsburg, and Dined and lodgd at
Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

NoveMBER 7, Monday.

“Set out for home with Betcey Dandridge.
Dind at King Wm. Court Ho. and lodgd at Mr.
Wm. Aylett’s.”—Diary.

Daughter of William Dandridge and niece of Martha
Washington. According to Toner, Aylett’s was on the
Mattapony River, about eight miles above King William

Court House on the Fredericksburg road.

NoveMBER 8, T'wesday. Caroline County and
Fredericksburg.
“Dined at Parker’s and lodgd at Fredericks-
burg.”’—Diary.

NoveMBER 9, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
‘Reached home in about 7 Hours and an half.”
—Diary.

NovEMBER 13, Swnday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and dined at Home.”
—Diary.

NovEMBER 16, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Went to Colo. Fairfax’s and dind with Mrs.December] CoLontaAL TRAVELLER 229

W [ashingto]n and Miss Dandridge. Returned in
the af[te]r[noon. ]”—Diary.

Novemser 17, Thursday. Fairfax County.
“Went up to a Race by Mr. Beckwith’s and
lodgd at Mr. Edwd. Payne’s.”—Diary.
Beckwith’s was near Pohick Church. ‘‘Exps. at Race

5/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBer 18, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Returnd home, breakfasted at Captn. Mc-
Carty’s, and came by the Mill and Muddy Ho.”—
Diary.

NovEMBER 21, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court and returnd in the Evening
with my Brothr. John.”—Dhiary.

Novemser 27, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Church.”—Duary.

NoveMBer 28, Monday. Pohick Church.
“Went to the Vestry at Pohick Church.”—
Diary.

Dercemser 1, Thursday: Alexandria.

“Went to the Election of Burgesses for this
County and was there, with Colo. West, chosen.
Stayd all Night to a Ball wch. I had given.”—
Diary.

There were only three candidates, Washington, Colo-GEORGE WASHINGTON [1768

nel John West (the elder), and Captain John Posey.
“Dec. 1. By John Orr keeping my Poll at the Election
£1. Dec. 2. By Richd. Arrells Acct. of Exps. on yt.
ocen. £15.5.9. By Cakes to Sundries £7.11.3. 1769,
Jan. 12. By Mr. John Muir for his fidler the Ball on
occasion of the Election £1. Feb. 23. By Mary Mason
for Cakes at the Election, 15s7lod.”—Ledger A, op. cit.
It thus appears that Washington’s election cost him
£25.12.7 1/2.

DeceMpeEr 2, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home after dinner.”—Diary.

DecempBer 5, Monday. Belvoir.

“Fox hunting with Lord Fairfax and his Brothr.
and Colo. Fairfax. Started a Fox and lost it.
Dind at Belvoir and came [home] in ye Evg.”—
Diary.

Thomas, Lord Fairfax, Major Robert Fairfax and

Colonel George William Fairfax.

DercemBer 13, Tuesday. Fairfax County.

“Set of abt. 12 Oclock for Towlston to hunt with
Mr. Bryan Fairfax. Got there in the Afternn.”
—Diary.

December 14, Wednesday. Fairfax County.
“Stayd there all day. In the Evg. went to see
his new Mill.” —Diary.1769 | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 231

DerceMBeEr 15, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home; by the way (that is near Muddy
hole) started and catchd a Fox.’—Diary.

Decemper 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court and returnd at Night.”—
Diary.

1769

JANUARY 2, Monday. Belvoir.
“Went to Colo. Fairfax’s with the Family and
stayd all Night.”—Diuary.

JANUARY 3, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“Came home again. Colo. Carlyle and Mr.
Ramsay returnd with us.” —Diary.

January 12, Thursday. Alexandria.

“In ye afternoon went to Alex. to ye Monthly
Ball.” —Diary.

“By Mr. John Muir for his fiddler the Ball on occasion
of the Election £1.0.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

January 13, Friday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.
“Havg. lodgd at Captn. Dalton’s, was confind
there till the afternoon by Rain and then came
Home.”—Diary.232 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

JANUARY 22, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church.” —Diary.

Fesruary 1, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“I dind at Belvoir and returnd in the Evening.”
—Diary.

F'epruary 19, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church, and returnd to Din-
ner. —Diary.

Frsruary 20, Monday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court, returnd home
in the Evening.” —Diary.

Frpruary 21, Tuesday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.
“Went to Court again and returnd home at
Night.” —Diary.

Frsruary 22, Wednesday. Alexandria and
Mount Vernon.
’

“At Court again, and home in the Evenng.’’—

Diary.

Frsruary 27, Monday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Colo. Fairfax’s.”—Diary.March | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER
Marcu 3, Friday. Pohick Church.
“Went to the Vestry at Pohick Church and re-

turnd abt. 11 Oclock at Night.”—Diuary.

Marcu 5, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexanda. after Fieldg. Lewis and
brot. him down to Dinner.”—Dnuary.

Marcu 6, Monday. Stafford County.

“Set out with Fieldg. Lewis for Fred’g, where
we reachd after dining at Peyton’s on Acquai—
i. e. reachd my Mother’s.”—Duary.

Peyton’s Ordinary, was a landmark at the crossing of
the “Potomac Path” over Aquia Creek, sixteen miles
above the Fredericksburg Ferry. “By cash gave my
Mother £3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 7, T'wesday. Fredericksburg.
“Went to Fredericksburg and remaind there all
day, ding. at Colo. Lewis’s.”—Diary.

Marcu 8, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“Still there. Dind at the same place, spending
the Evening at Weedon’s at ye Club.” —Duary.
George Weedon kept an “ordinary” at Fredericksburg.
He later became a brigadier-general in the Continental

Army. “By Cards 1/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 9, Thursday. Fauquier County.
“Set of for Robt. Ashby’s, and after dining by234. GrEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

the way, reachd it a little after dark.”—Diary.

This Robert Ashby (1710-92), the second son of that
Thomas Ashby for whom Ashby’s Bent in the Blue Ridge
was named, had been a marker for Washington during
the survey in the Shenandoah Valley in 1748 and now
lived in his father’s Fauquier house on the Winchester
road. The house still stands near the modern village of
Delaplane. Washington notes an expense of 2/ at “Mor-
gan’s” which was in Frederick County. The dinner was
not noted and may have been at Nevill’s or Watts’.

Marcu 10, Friday. Fauquier County.

“Went out to run out the bounds of the Land I
bot. of Carter’s Estate, but the Weathr. being very
cold and windy was obligd. to return.” —Diary.

The lands here referred to were those of George Car-
ter, youngest son of “King” Carter. Under his father’s
will, George inherited twenty-one thousand acres in several
tracts lying in Prince William, Fauquier and Frederick,
and by his will dated January 2, 1741-2, ordered them
to be sold. In 1744 (Hening, v, 300) the Assembly ap-
pointed trustees to make this sale, and after they were all
dead in 1766 appointed (Hening, viii, 215) as their suc-
cessors Robert Burwell, George Washington and Fielding
Lewis. It was on this business that Washington surveyed
the Carter lands in Fauquier (some of which he bought in
himself) in the spring of 1769. “Do. in Surveying 4/6.”
“Mar. 17. By Wm. Wood carrying Chain 2 days 5/.”
—Ledger A, op. cit. Washington continued surveying in
Fauquier and Loudoun until March 16 returning each
night to Ashby’s.March | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 235

Marcu 17, Friday. Fauquier County.
“Executing Leases to those who had taken Lotts
—being at Captn. Ashby’s.”—Diary.

Marcu 18, Saturday. Frederick County.
“Went up to Greenway Court, where I dind
and stayd all Night. Met Colo. [ Fielding] Lewis
here.’—Duary.
Residence of Thomas, sixth Lord Fairfax, in what is
now Clark County, Virginia, about twelve miles from

Winchester.

Marcu 19, Swnday. Frederick County.
“Went with Colo. Lewis to his Plantations,
where I stayd all day and Night.”—Dnuary.

Marcu 20, Monday. Frederick County.
“Executing in the forenoon Deeds, and settling
with those who had purchd. Carter’s Land upon
Opeekon. In the afternoon rid to Valentine
Crawfd.’—Diuary.
Opequon River, in the Shenandoah Valley, empties
into the Potomac near Martinsburg, West Virginia.
Valentine Crawford lived in Frederick County. He

later moved into the Youghiogheny Valley.

Marcu 21, Tuesday. Frederick County.
“Went and laid of 4 Lots at the head of Bull-
skin for several Tenents.”—Duary.236 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

Marcu 22, Wednesday. Frederick County.

all day.’ —Diary.

Marcu 23, Thursday. Frederick and Fairfax
Counties.

“Set of homewards. Breakfasted at Mr. Ar-
riss’s, dind undr. ye Ridge, and lodgd at West’s.”
—Diary.

John Ariss, in the Shenandoah Valley. “Under ye
Ridge” was Snickers’.

Charles West, in Loudoun County, about twelve miles

from Ashby’s Gap.

Marcu 24, Friday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Reachd home before dinner.” —Diary.

Marcn 24, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Dined at Colo. Fairfax’s along with Colo. Bas-
sett and Lady. MReturnd in the Eveng.”—Dhiary.

Aprit 4, Tuesday. Belvoir.
“After an early Dinner went to Belvoir to pay
a visit to Colo. Fairfax. Returnd at Night.”—

Diary.
Arriy 7, Friday. Mount Vernon and Pohick
Church.

“Went a fox hunting in the Morning and catchd
a dog fox after running him an hour and treeingA pril | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 237

twice. After this went to an intended meeting of
ye Vestry, but there was none.’’—Duary.
Washington returned to Mount Vernon this same day.

Aprit 16, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd home to
Dinner.” —Diuary.

Aprit 17, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court and lodgd at Mr. Jno.
West’s at Night.”—Duary.

Apri 18, Twesday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.
“Went to Court again and came home in the

Evening.’ ’—Dniary.

Aprit 28, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir.” —Duary.

Apri 29, Saturday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria and Mr. Jno. West’s
and returnd to Dinner.” —Duary.

Aprit 30, Sunday. Stafford County.

“Set of for Williamsburg with Betcy Dandridge,
and was fored into Peyton’s ordy. at Aquia, where
we lodgd.”

“By Expences at Peyton’s Ordy. 19/714”—Ledger
A, op. cit.238 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

May 1, Monday. Caroline and King William
Counties.

“Set out from Peytons and passing thro Fred-
ericksburg reachd Hubbard’s ordy.”—Diary.

In May, 1769, Washington attended sessions of the
Burgesses from May 7th to 17th inclusive, with ten days
of necessary travelling over the Occoquan, Rappahan-
nock, and York Rivers route.

“By [Expenses] at Hubbards 8s 6d. By Ditto at
Todds 4/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 2, Tuesday. New Kent County.

“Got to Eltham, after found[erin]g my Horse.”
—Dhiary.

“By Ferriages at Ruffins 4s. By Expences of my Sick
Horse 15s.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 3, Wednesday. Williamsburg.
“Went into Williamsburg

o>?

and dined with the
Council and spent the Evening in ye Daphne.”

“By Anthony Hay for 3 purses (that is Subscripn. to
3 Wmsburg Purse Races) £3.”—Ledger A.

The Daphne was a public house in Williamsburg.

May 4, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“Dined with the Speaker and spent the Evening
(that is suppd) at Mrs. Campbell’s.”—Diary.

On March 5 Washington dined at the Governor’s and
supped at Mr. Carter’s. On March 6, he dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s and spent the evening there. On the 7th he

dined at Ayscough’s and supped there also. On the 8thCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 239

 

May |

 

he dined at Anthony Hay’s and supped at Mrs. Camp-
bell’s. On the 9th he dined at the Governor’s palace and
spent the evening in his own rooms. On the 10th he
dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and spent the evening at Hay’s,
on the 11th he did the same. On March 12 he dined at
George Wythe’s and supped at Hay’s.

May 13, Saturday. Gloucester County.

“Dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and went over to
Gloucester to Colo. W. Lewis’s afterwards.”—
Diary.

“Ferriages at York 3/9.”—Ledger A, op. cit. Wash-
ington stayed at Colonel Warner Lewis’s all day of the
14th.

May 15, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Returnd to Williamsburg by nine oclock in the
morng. after Breakfasting in York Town. Dined
at Mrs. Campbell’s and Supped at Hay’s.”’—
Diary.

May 16, Tuesday. York County.

“Rid over my dower Land in York, to shew that
and the Mill to the Gentlemen appointed by the
Genl. Court to value and report thereon. Came
in for Breakfast. Dined at the Speaker’s and
spent the Evening at Hay’s.”—Diuary.

Land belonging to Mrs. Washington’s estate. ‘There
is no mention of this proceeding in the Journals of the

Virginia Burgesses; but it was probably connected with
the bill passed at the November session, 1769, which was240 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

designed to oblige owners of mills, hedges or stops on
certain rivers to make openings or stops for the pas-
sage of the fish.

May 17, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“Dined at the Treasurer’s, and was upon a Com-
mittee at Hay’s till 10 oclock.”—Diary.

Thus briefly does Washington note the happenings of
one of the momentous days in Virginia history. The
burgesses having agreed upon an humble address to the
King, Governor Botetourt disapproved and dissolved the
legislature. This same day the dismissed burgesses re-
assembled in the Apollo Room of the Raleigh Tavern and
formulated the Virginia Non-Importation Association.
Washington was on the committee that drew up this As-
sociation, May 18. “By Anthony Hays Acct. 32/9d. and
Club at Do, arising from the Associators meetg. there
20/.” “By the Farmers Letters 3/6d.”—Ledger A, op.
cit. In Virginia as in the other Colonies the same situa-
tion existed, of emphatic opposition to Ministerial meas-
ures going hand in hand with sincere protestations of
loyalty. An interesting picture is presented by the ac-
tions of the recalcitrant burgesses in agreeing to the Non-
Importation Association and, immediately thereafter,
drinking toasts to “The King”; “The Queen and Royal
Family”; “Lord Botetourt”; “A Speedy and Lasting
Union between Great Britain and her Colonies”; ‘The
Constitutional British Liberty in America”; and, among
others, a toast to “The Farmer,” meaning John Dickin-
son’s Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania to the In-
habitants of the British Colonies, which had first appeared
in a Philadelphia newspaper in 1767. Washington paid

3s. 6d. for the pamphlet edition.May | COLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 241
May 18, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“Dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and went to Bed by
8 Oclock.”—Diary.

“By Anthony Hays Acct. 32/9—and Club at Do aris-
ing from the Associators meeting there 20/.”—Ledger A,

op. cit.

May 19, Friday. Williamsburg.

“Dined again at Mrs. Dawson’s and went to the
Queen’s Birth Night at ye Palace.” —Diuary.

Despite the Governor’s action in dissolving the bur-
gesses and their defiance in persisting in opposition to
the measures of Parliament, and entering into the As-
sociation, they were truthful in their protestations of
loyalty. The Queen’s Birthnight celebration at the Gov-
ernor’s Mansion was well attended.

May 20, Saturday. Williamsburg and New Kent.
“left Williamsburg on my return home. Dined
at Colo. Bassett’s and stayd the rest of the day
there.” —Diary.
Washington had lodged at Mrs. Campbell’s on this
stay in Williamsburg: “By Mrs. Campbell’s Acct. for
board &ca. £6.15.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 21, Sunday. King William and Caroline
Counties.

“Crossd over to my own Plantation. Dined at

Todd’s and lodgd at Port Royal.”—Duary.242 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

May 22, Monday. King George County.
‘“Reachd home after going as far as Colo. Har-
rison’s with a view of crossing through Maryland,
and being disappointed was obl’d to come up the
Virginia side.”—Duary.
This may have been Nathaniel Harrison, of King
George County, through which Washington passed with-

out touching at Fredericksburg.

May 26, Friday. Fairfax County.
“Rid into the Neck, and from thence went up
to a Race at Cameron.’—Dhiary.

“By Expences at Cameron 3, 9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 27, Saturday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to a Barbicue and

stayed all Night.”—Duary.

May 28, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Returnd home early in the Morning and went
to Pohick Church, returning to Dinner.”—Duary.

May 31, Wednesday. Fairfax County.

“Set of with Mrs. Washington, and Mr. Ma-
gowan for Towlston, in order to stand for Mr.
B. Fairfax’s 3d Son, which I did, together with
my Wife, Mr. Wr. Washington and his Lady.’ —
Diary.

This was Ferdinando Fairfax (1769-1820), who was
to be one of the “principal mourners” at Washington’s

funeral.June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 243

JuNE 1, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

“Set of from Towlston with the Compy. that
went up yesterday on our return home, and reachd
Mt. Vernon abt. 6 Oclock.”—Diary.

JUNE 2, Friday. Alexandria.
“Went to Alexandria to Mr. Sam’l Johnson’s
Funeral Sermon. Returnd to Dinr.”—Diary.
Johnson seems to have been a farmer in Clifton’s Neck.

JunzE 5, Monday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir. Mrs. Washington and Patcy
Custis going with me.”—Diary.

JUNE 6, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“At home all day.”—Diary.

JUNE 8, Thursday. “Warburton,” Prince George
County, Maryland.
“Went with Mrs. Washington and Patcy Custis
on a visit to Mr. Wm. Digges, and returnd in the
afternoon.” —Diary.

JuNE 11, Sunday. Pohick County.

“Went to Pohick Church—dined at Captn Mc-
Cartys. Stood for Mr. [Richard] Chichester’s
Child and came home in ye Aftern.”—Diary.

JUNE 14, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Rid to Muddy hole, Doeg Run, and Mill, and244 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

from thence went to Belvoir to pay my respects to
Lord Fairfax. Dind there and returnd in the aft-
ernoon.”—Diary.

JuNE 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court and returnd in ye Evening.”
—Diary.

JUNE 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court again and returnd in the
{vening.”—Diary.

JUNE 22, Thursday. Alexandria.
“I to Court again.’ —Diary.

JUNE 23, Friday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court again and returnd in the after-
99 °
noon.” —Diary.

JUNE 25, Sunday. Belvoir.
“TI dined at Belvoir and returnd in the Eveng.’

>

—Diary.

Junty 8, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Rid to Muddy hole in the Afternoon, where we
began to cut Wheat.’—Diary.July | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

Juty 17, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to Court with Colo.
Fairfax and returnd in ye Evening with him and
Mr. [Walter] Magowan.”—Duary.

Jury 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Colo. Fairfax and Lady went home and I to
Court again. Returnd in the Evg.’—Duary.

JuLty 19, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Again went up to Court and returnd in the
afternoon.” —Diary.

Jury 23, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.’ —Dhuary.

Jury 24, Monday. Pohick Church.
“Went to an intended vestry at ye cross Roads
—hbut disappointed of one by Mr. Henderson’s

refusg. to act.” —Duary.

This was Alexander Henderson, of Colchester, who re-
fused to act when chosen a vestryman in 1769. A few
years afterwards he did not decline and was a member
of the Pohick Vestry in 1773.

“Laid of by and with the advice of five other vestry
men towit Colo. Fairfax, Capt. McCarty, Mr. Payne,
Mr. Coffen, Mr. Ford; as also Mr. Massey, the Minister,
and in the presence of Mr. French, a Church-yard at the
Cross-Roads and ground around it for the New Church
in the lower part of this Parish.”—Toner trans.246 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1769

Jury 25, Twesday. Mount Vernon.

~ As I only grow Tobacco to Supply my Family
with Goods it would not be convenient to divide
or ship it to different Houses.”—T'o Capel & Os-
good Hanbury.

JuLy 27, Thursday. Alexandria.
“Went up in the afternoon to Alexa. with Mrs.
Washington and Patcy Custis.”—Diary.

JuLy 30, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“At Home all day preparing for my journey
to the Springs.” —Diary.

The Warms Springs, now Bath or Berkeley Springs,
in Morgan County, West Virginia, to which Patsy Custis
was taken in hopes of benefiting her complaint, which
seems to have been a form of epilepsy. There was no im-
provement derived from the Springs, and Washington’s
record of her seizures, entered upon the margins of the
almanac pages for the months March to September,

showed the malady to be increasing in violence.

Juxty 31, Monday. Fairfax County.

“Set out with Mrs. Washington and Patcy Cus-
tis for the Frederick Springs. Dind at Wm. Car
Lains, and lodgd at Mr. Chs. West’s.”—Diary.

Carlain’s (the name is now spelled Carlin) was north-
west of Mount Vernon, on the road to the Blue Ridge
Mountains.

West’s Ordinary, the ancient landmark which is
marked on the 1755 edition of the Fry and Jefferson mapCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 247

  

August |

and where Washington frequently lodged from 1748 to
1776, still stands at the head of the Bull Run Mountain
at the junction of the road from Colchester to Williams’
(Snickers?) Gap with the Carolina road leading from the
Potomac at Noland’s Ferry to the Rappahannock at
Norman’s Ford. It was established by William West
and carried on by his son Charles.

Aveust 1, Tuesday. Fairfax and Frederick
Counties.

“Set out from Chs. West’s. Dined at Snicker’s
and got to Mr. Wr. Washington’s abt. 5 Oclock.”
—Duary.

Captain Edward Snickers, who had seen service in the
French and Indian War. In the Revolutionary War,
Washington offered him the position of Wagon-Master-
General, which he did not accept, probably because of his
advanced age. Snickers’ Gap in the Blue Ridge was
named from him but its name has now been changed to
Bluemont.

Aveust 2, Wednesday.
“Remaind there all day. Mr. Washington re-
turnd from Winchester in the Afternoon.” —Diary.

Aveust 4, Friday. Frederick County.

“Still at Mr. Washington’s. Mr. [Charles
Mynn] Thruston and Lady dining there. Note.
I was detain’d this day and yesterday by ye wag-
gon’s (which had my Goods in for ye Springs)
loosing 2 H[orse]s.”—Diuary.248 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

Aveust 5, Saturday. Frederick County.

“Prosecuted our Journey to ye Springs (by
Jacob Hite’s). Bated at Opeekon—and lodged
at Joshua Hedge’s.”—Diary.

In the Shenandoah. In crossing the Blue Ridge at
Williams’ Gap, later called Snickers’ Gap, Washington
must have crossed the Shenandoah at Williams’ Ferry
which later became known as Castleman’s Ferry. Hite
was a relative of Jost Hite who came into the Valley
from Pennsylvania and, at an early date, disputed Lord
Fairfax’s claim to a portion of the Northern Neck lands.

“Dinner &ca. at Herefords. 8s. Lodging &ca. at
Hedges 11s.”—Ledger A.

Avucust 6, Sunday. Now Bath or Berkeley
Springs, West Virginia.

“Arriv’d at the Springs about One Oclock; and
dind wh. Colo. F[airfa]x.”—Diary.

The first hours at the Springs were full of activity.
The house wherein Washington and his party lodged
needed repairing, and he ordered the erection of an arbor
for further comfort; arrangements were made for sup-
plies of meat, poultry, eggs, butter, and vegetables; a
baker was found, and a blacksmith discovered for sundry
repair work.

Auveust 7, Monday. Berkeley Springs.

“Rid out into the Country to seek a good Pas-
ture for my Horses and engaged to send them
to one John Higgen’s.”—Dhiary.

Aveust 19, Saturday. Berkeley Springs.
“Rid with Mrs. Washington and others to theSeptember] COLONIAL TRAVELLER 249

Cacapehon Mountain, to see the prospect from
thence.” —Diuary.

Now Capon Mountain in Morgan County, West Vir-
ginia. The Potomac River could probably be seen from

this height.

Avueust 24, Thursday. Berkeley Springs.

‘Rid to Cacapeon with Lord Fairfax, ye 2 Colo.
Fairfax’s, Mr. Kimble, Mrs. Washington and
Patey Custis.”—Diary.

Colonel Robert Fairfax, brother of Thomas, Lord
Fairfax, and Colonel George William Fairfax, son of the
Honorable William Fairfax, of Belvoir.

Peter Kimball, of New Jersey, father-in-law of Gen-
eral Thomas Gage.

SEPTEMBER 4, Monday. Maryland.

“Rid to the Pasture where my Horses were.
From thence to Mr. Flint’s and to the Pennsyl-
vania Line, and returnd to Dinnr.”—Diary.

The Pennsylvania line in this region is not much over
five miles from the Potomac River and the Berkeley
Warm Springs are less than that distance from the river.

SEPTEMBER 9, Saturday. Berkeley Springs.

“Set out on my Return home about 8 Oclock but
broke the Chariot and made it 11. before we got a
Mile. Reachd Joshua Hedges.’—Duiary.

“By Dinner, Oats &ca. at Morgans 8/6 Lodging &ca.
at Hedges 12/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.250 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1769

SEPTEMBER 10, Sunday. Frederick County.
“Got to Mr. Warner Washington’s—I calling
by Vale. Crawford’s and Mrs. Stephenson’s.”—
Diary.
Mrs. Honora Stephenson, mother of William and Val-
entine Crawford. She married Richard Stephenson after
the death of her first husband.

SEPTEMBER 11, Monday. Fairfax County.
“Continued my journey and reachd Chas. West’s
Ordinary, after baiting under the Ridge at the
blacksmith’s shop.” —Diary.
Oats &ca. undr. ye Ridge at Snickrs. 8/9.”—Ledger A.

SEPTEMBER 12, Twesday. Mount Vernon.
“Breakfasted at Wm. Carr Lane’s and arrivd

at home about 3 oclock in ye afternoon.”—Diary.
“Dinner &ca. at Carr Lains 6/714.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 14, Thursday. Alexandria.

“Went to Alexandria, to the Election of Bur-
gesses for Fairfax and was chosen, together with
Colo. West, without a Pole, their being no oppo-
sition. ’—Diary.

This was the Virginia election in which the people of
the Colony reelected every one of the burgesses of the
House that had been dissolved by Governor Botetourt in
May, 1769.

SEPTEMBER 15, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home.’—Diary.October | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER

SEPTEMBER 18, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court at Alexandria and returnd home
in the Evening.’—Dnvary.

SEPTEMBER 19, T'wesday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court again to day. Stayd all Night
and went to see slight of hand performd.’”’—Duary.
“By Exps. at Alexandria 4/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

SEPTEMBER 20, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
‘Returnd home early this morning by a Mes-
senger from Mrs. Washington.’—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 21, Thursday. Pohick Church.
“Captn. Posey calld here in the Morng. and we

went to a Vestry. Upon my return found Mr. B.

Fairfax and Mr. P. Wagener here.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 28, Thursday. Alexandria.

“T rid to Alexandria to see how my House went
on. Returnd to Dinr.”—Diary.

At the southwest corner of Pitt and Cameron Streets.

The house is not now standing.

Ocroser 1, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir with Mrs. Washington and
Patcy Custis. Returnd in the Evening.”—Diuary.252 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

Ocroper 4, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Rid to Alexandria to see how my Carpenters
went on with my Ho. Returnd to Dinr.”’—Diary.

OcToBER 10, Tuesday. Captain John Posey’s.
“Went to Captn. Posey’s to Run the lines of
the Land he bought of Mr. Marshall. Dind there.”
—Diary.
Mr. Thomas Marshall who owned and lived at what
is now called “Marshall Hall” nearly opposite Mount

Vernon, in Maryland.

OcroBer 16, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court and returnd at Night.”—
Diary.

“By Mr. Robt. Harrison—Fee in Posey’s Suit £3.”—
Ledger A. Posey’s mismanagement forced him into
bankruptcy. Hector Ross and others obtained a judg-
ment in chancery in the Fairfax court and the sale of

Posey’s effects was ordered.

OcroBer 17, T'wesday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court again and returnd.”—Diary.

OcroBEer 23, Monday. Captain John Posey’s.
“Went to Posey’s Sale. Returnd at Night.”—
Diary.

OctoBEer 24, Tuesday. Captain John Posey’s.
“Went to the Sale again.” —Diary.November] CotontaAu TRAVELLER 253

Ocroser 25, Wednesday. Captain John Posey’s.

“Went to the Sale again.” —Diary.

“By Mr. Robt. Harrison for his Services at Poseys Sale
£6.”—Ledger A. Washington made purchases to the
amount of £571. 16s. Od. and the land thus obtained be-
came a part of the Mount Vernon “Ferry Farm.”

OcroBER 30, Monday. Stafford County.

“Set out on my journey to Williamsburg and
reached Colo. Henry’s Lee’s to a Late Dinner.” —
Diary.

Octoser 31, Twesday. Stafford County.

“Set out from thence abt. Nine Oclock and
reachd no further than Peyton’s Ordy. on Aquia.
being stopt by Rain.”—Diuary.

“Expens. at Peytons Ordy. 23/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMsBer 1, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
“Came from Peyton’s to Colo. Lewis’s, after
breakfasting at my Mother’s.”—Dnuary.

NoveMBER 2, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“At Fredericksburg all day.”—Diuary.

NoveMBer 3, Friday. Caroline County.

“About one Oclock set out and reachd Parker’s
Ordy.”—Duary.
“By Expences at Parkers £1.15.0.”—Ledger A, op. cit.254 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1769

NoveMBER 4, Saturday. King William Court
House.

“Set out from thence after Breakfast. Dined
at Todd’s Bridge and lodgd at King Wm. Court
House.’ —Diary.

“By Ditto at Todd’s Bridge 13/10 By Ditto at King
Wm. Ct. Ho. £1.7.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NovEMBER 5, Sunday. New Kent County.

* Breakfasted at ye Causey and Dind at Eltham
and lodgd there.” —Diary.

“By Ditto at Ruffins 16/ Seein
Ledger A, op. cit.

g Tyger 3/1144.”—

Novemser 6, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Williamsburg. Dind at Mr. Carter’s
with Lord Botetourt, Govr. Eden, etca., and suppd.
at Mrs. Vobe’s with Colo. Fitzhugh.”

“Councillor” Robert Carter, of Nomini Hall, Sir
Robert Eden, Governor of Maryland and Colonel Henry
Fitzhugh, of “Chatham,” near Fredericksburg. Wash-
ington stayed in Williamsburg until November 11. He
dined at the Governor’s and supped at Anthony Hay’s
on November 7, dined at the Speaker’s and supped at
Mrs. Campbell’s, November 8, dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and
supped at Mrs Campbell’s, November 9; November 10,
dined at the Treasurer’s and supped at Mrs. Campbell’s.

NovEMBER 11, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and went up to
Eltham.”’—Diary.November] CoLoNniAL ‘TRAVELLER 255

NovEMBER 12, Swnday. New Kent.
“Stayd at Eltham all day.”—Diuary.

Novemser 13, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Town abt. 11 Oclock. Dined and
suppd at Mrs. Campbell’s.”—Diary.

November 14 Washington dined and supped at Mrs.
Campbell’s, November 15, he dined at Wythe’s and
supped at Anthony Hay’s, November 16, dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s and spent the evening there. November 17,

likewise.

NoveMser 18, Saturday. Williamsburg and New
Kent County.
“Had a Mutton Chop at Mrs. Campbell’s with
Colo. Bassett about one Clock, and then came up
to Eltham.”—Duary.

NoveMsBer 19, Sunday. New Kent.

“Went to Church and Returnd to Eltham to
Dinner, wt Mr. Dangerfd. and the Parson.’”—
Diary.

The Reverend William Dangerfield. Washington was
detained at “Eltham” all day Monday, by rain.

NoveMBer 21, T'wesday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Town with Mrs. Washington, P[atcy |
and Jacky Custis. I dind at Mrs. Campbell's;
Mrs. W. &ca. dind at Mrs. Dawson’s. I spent
the Eveng. (without suppg.) at Mrs. Campbell’s.”
—Dhuary.

The diary shows the places Washington visited and at256 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

which he dined during the rest of his stay in Williams-

burg.

DrceMBeER 2, Saturday. Williamsburg and New
Kent.

“Mrs. Washington and children, myself, Colo.
Bassett, Mrs. Bassett and Betsy Bassett, all Eat
Oysters at Mrs. Campbell’s abt. one oclock, and
afterwards went up to Eltham.”—Diary.

Washington remained at “Eltham” all of the next day.

Drcemser 4, Monday. Williamsburg.
‘“Returned to Town and dined at Mrs. Camp-

>

bell’s. Spent Eveng. there also witht. Supg.’

December 17, Sunday. Williamsburg and New
Kent.
“Dined at the Palace and went up in the After-
noon to Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.
“By Mrs. Campbell’s Acct, agt. self J. P. C. and

o

MPC. £42,12.614.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DrcEeMBER 18, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Town again abt. 12 Oclock. Dind at
Mrs. Campbell’s and spent the Evening in my own
Room a writing.” —Diary.

DeEcEMBER 21, Thursday. Williamsburg and New
Kent.
“Dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and came up to~

CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 257

 

December]

Eltham after the House adjourned.”’—Duary.
“Colo, Bassett’s Servts. 12/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Decemper 22, Friday. King and Queen and
Essex Counties.
“Sett of for home. Dined at 'Todd’s Bridge and
lodgd at Hubbard’s.”—Duary.

DrcemMBerR 23, Saturday. Caroline Covnty and
Fredericksburg.
“Breakfasted at Caroline Ct. House and reachd
Fredericksburg abt. 4 Oclock in the afternn., ding.
at Colo [Fielding] Lewis.”—Duary.

DrceMBER 24, Sunday. Fredericksburg.

‘Went to Prayers, and dined afterw[ar]ds at
Colo. Lewis. Spent the Evening with Mr. [Kd-
ward] Jones, at Julian’s.”—Duary.

Decemper 25, Monday. Fredericksburg.
“Dined and spent the Evening at Colo. Lewis's.”

—Dhiary.

Decemper 26, Tuesday. Fredericksburg and
Stafford County.
“Dined at Colo. Lewis and went over the River
and lodgd at my Mother’s.”—Diary.
“By my Mother £6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

DecemBer 27, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Dined and lodgd at Dumfries with Mr. BoucherGEORGE WASHINGTON [1769

and J. P. Custis, who overtook us on the Road.”—
Diary.
The Reverend Jonathan Boucher, whose school Jacky

Custis attended.

DECEMBER 28, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Reachd home to Dinner with Mr. Boucher,
&ca.”—Diary.CHAPTER VIti
WESTERN LANDS
1770

JaNuARY 1, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“At home all day alone.” —Duary.

JANUARY 13, Saturday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir with Mrs. Washington, Mr.
and Miss Custis, and returnd afterwards.” —Diary.

JANUARY 15, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria, expecting Court, but
there was none.” —Diary.

JANUARY 29, Monday. “Belvoir.”
“Dined at Belvoir (with J. P. Custis) and re-
turnd in the afternoon.” —Duary.

Frpruary 7, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Rid to Alexandria to a meeting of ye Trustees.
Returnd in the Evening and found Captn. Mc-
Carty here.” —Duary.

This was Washington’s first trustee meeting. He had
been chosen, in 1766, to fill the vacancy by the death of
George Johnson. The duty of a town trustee was equiva-
lent to that of an alderman.
259ae te ace ace ene

     
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 

260 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

Frepruary 18, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-

ner.” —Diary.

Frsruary 19, Monday. Aiexandria.
“Went to Court at Alexandria and returnd in

the Evening.’’—Duary.

Frspruary 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court again and stayd all Night.
Lodgd at Captn. Dalton’s.”—Diary.

Frsruary 21, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“Came home in the Evening.”—Dhary.

Frsruary 22, Thursday.
“Went up to Court again.”—Duary.

Marcu 5, Monday. Fairfax County.

“Mr. Magowan went to Dumfries and I to Mr.
R[ober]t Alexander’s on a hunting Party, where
I met Mr. B. Fairfax; but first I went over to
George Town, returng. to Mr. Alexander’s at
Night.” —Diary.

“By Exps. at George Town 2s.6d. By John Jost for
my Rifle in full £6.10. Maryld. . . £5.”—Ledger 4A, op.

cit.

Marcu 7, Wednesday. Fairfax County.
“Went a hunting again. Found a Fox and run
it 6 hours, and then lost [it.] I returnd home this

evening.’ —Duary.A pril | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 261

Marcu 8, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir with Mr. Magowan. Dined
and Returnd in the afternoon.’—Duiary.

Marcu 13, Twesday. Fairfax County.

“Went a huntg. above Darrel’s Hills and to G.
Alexr’s. Pocoson. Found a fox by two Dogs in
Clifton’s Neck, but lost it upon joing. the Pack.
Returnd abt. 5 Oclock.”—Diary.

Toner thinks this was what afterward was known as
“Pompey Gale’s Marsh,” about one mile southeast of

Alexandria.

Marcu 18, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.’ —Diary.

Marcu 20, Twesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to the Court and returnd in the Eve-
ning.’—Diary.

Aprit 1, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd home to
Dinner.” —Diary.

Aprit 10, Tuesday. Fairfax County.
“T rid to the Genl. Muster at Cameron.” —Diary.

Apri 16, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court and stayed
all Night.”—Diary.262 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1770

Aprit 17, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
~“Returnd home in the afternoon.” —Diary.

APRIL 27, Friday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir. Dined and returnd after-
wards.’—Diary.

May 13, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Went to Church with all the Compy. here.
Dind at Belvoir and returnd in the afternoon.”
—Diary.

May 19, Saturday. Stafford County and Fred-
ericksburg.
“Set of for Williamsburg. Dind at Dumfries.
Called at my Mother’s and lodgd at Colo. Lewis’s
in Fredericksbg.”—Diary.

May 20, Swnday. Caroline and King William
Counties.
“Breakfasted at Mr. Boucher’s. Dind at Cole-
man’s and lodgd at Todd’s bridge.” —Diary.

May 21, Monday. King William and New Kent
Counties.
“Breakfasted at King Wm. Ct. House, and dind
and lodgd at Eltham.” —Diary.
“By Ferry at Ruffins 3/.”—Ledger A.

May 22, Tuesday. Williamsburg.
“Reached Williamsburg to Breakfast and dinedJune | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 263

at the Club at Mrs. Campb[el]l; and supped at
the Raleigh.”’—Duary.

The diary shows on this visit, as previously, the places
in Williamsburg that Washington visited and where he
dined. From the accounts he lodged at Mrs. Campbell’s.

Mrs. Washington did not accompany him this time.

May 26, Saturday. Williamsburg and New Kent.
“Took a Snack at Mrs. Dawson’s and went up
to Eltham in the afternn.”—Duary.

Washington remained at “Eltham” over May 27.

May 28, Monday. Williamsburg.

‘“Returnd to Williamsburg by 9 Oclock. Dined
at the Speaker’s and attended a Committee of the
associn. at Hayes till 11 Oclock.”—Diary.

JUNE 9, Saturday. Williamsburg and New Kent.
“Had a cold Cut at Mrs. Campbell’s and went
up to Eltham in the afternoon.” —Diary.

JUNE 10, Sunday. New Kent County.

“Dined at Eltham and in the afternoon went to
see Mrs. Dandridge and returnd to Eltham again.”
—Diary.

JUNE 11, Monday. King William and New Kent
Counties.
“Went over to Colo. Thos. Moore’s Sale and
purchasd two Negroes, to wit Frank and James,
and returnd to Eltham again at Night.’”—Dzuary.264. GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

“By Expences at West Point 5/.”—Ledger A,
op. cit.

JUNE 12, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Williamsburg to Breakfast. Dined
at the Club and spent the Evening in my own
Room.”—Dhiary.

JUNE 17, Sunday. James City County.

“Went to Church in the Forenoon, and from
thence to Colo. [Lewis] Burwell’s, where I dind
and lodgd.”—Diary.

Below Williamsburg, on the James River.

JUNE 18, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came into Williamsburg in the morning. Dined
at the Club and went to the Play in the afternoon.”
—Diary.

“Tickets to Play &ca. 15/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

JUNE 23, Saturday. Williamsburg and New Kent.
“Dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and set off home-
wards after it, reaching Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diuary.
“By Mrs. Campbell’s Acct. in full £16.13.4.”—Ledger

A, op. cit.

JUNE 24, Sunday. King William and Caroline
Counties.
“Dined at Todd’s bridge and lodgd at Hub-
bard’s.”—Diary.
“Exps. at Todds 4/1.”—Ledger A, op. cit.July | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 265

June 25, Monday. Caroline County and Fred-
ericksburg.
“Breakfasted at the Bolling green, dined at
Colo. Lewis’s, and lodgd at my Mother’s.”—Duary.
Bolling, or Bowling Green, the county seat of Caro-
line County. “By Ditto [Expenses] at Hubbards 4/3
Do. at Colemans 2/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

June 26, Tuesday. Stafford County and Mount
Vernon.
“Breakfasted at my Mother’s and dined at home
before three Oclock.”—Diuary.

JUNE 29, Friday. Belvoir.

“Dined at Belvoir. Went on Board the Boston
frigate to Drink Tea, and returnd in the after-
noon.’ —Duary.

A frigate of the British Navy. It anchored in the
Potomac off Belvoir. Washington sold a bull to the
ship, for beef, for £7.2.0.

Juty 8, Swnday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.’ —Dhiary.

Jury 9, Monday. Bevoir.

“Rid to Belvoir to Breakfast in order to take
leave of Sir Thomas Adams and Colo. R. Fairfax,
who was going to the Springs. Returnd by the
Mill, Doeg Run, and Muddy hole Plantations.
[Home] to Dinr.”—Duary.266 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

JuLy 16, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Alexandria to Court and returnd
again in the afternoon.”—Diary.

JuLy 27, Friday. Belvoir.

“Went with Mrs. Washington and Patcy Custis
to Belvoir to Dinner and returnd in the after-
noon. —Diary.

JuLy 28, Saturday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria with the Association
Papers. Dined at Mr. Ramsay’s, called at Mr.
Jno. West’s, and returnd home in the Evening.”
—Diary.

To obtain signatures to the new Non-Importation
Association, which was published June 22. It bore the
printed names of those burgesses and merchants who
formulated and agreed to it. Copies were given to prom-
inent gentlemen in each county to be circulated for signa-
tures in agreement. The Association and names of the
Williamsburg signers were printed in small type at the
top of large sheets, leaving ample space for many signa-
tures below the printing. Washington added the follow-
ing agreement in his own handwriting to each of the
sheets he circulated through Fairfax County: “The Sub-
scribers Inhabitants of the County of Fairfax in the
Colony of Virginia having duly considered the above
Agreement & Association & being well convinced of the
Utility & real necessity of the Measures therein recom-
mended to the Publick Attention (at this alarming and
critical juncture) do sincerely and cordially accede
thereto; and hereby voluntarily and faithfully eachCoLOoNIAL TRAVELLER 267

 

August |

and every person for himself upon his word and honour
agree and promise that he will strictly and firmly adhere
to and abide by every Article & Resolution therein con-
tained according to the true Intent & meaning thereof.”—
Six of these agreements bearing signatures of various
Fairfax County inhabitants have survived and are in the
Washington Papers in the Library of Congress. A badly
mutilated copy signed by other Virginians is among the
papers of Thomas Jefferson in the same Library.

Juty 30, Monday. Stafford County.

“After an Early Dinner we set of for Fred-
ericksburg, that is, Mrs. Washington, P. Custis
and my self. Reachd Mr. Lawson’s.”—Diary.

Jury 31, Tuesday. Stafford County.
“Got to my Mother’s to Dinner and staid there

all Night.”—Duary.

Aveust 1, Wednesday. Stafford and Fredericks-
burg.

‘Dined at my Mother’s. Went over to Fred-

ericksburg afterwards and returnd in the Evening

back again.” —Duary.

Aveust 2, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“Met the Officers of the first Virga. Troops at
Captn. Weeden’s, where we dined and did not
finish till abt. Sun set. Mrs. Washington and
Patecy dind at Colo. Lewis’s where we loded-—
Diary.

The meeting was held for the purpose of settling the268 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

details of obtaining possession of the lands granted to
the officers of the First Virginia Regiment, through Gov-
ernor Dinwiddie’s proclamation, for their services in the
French and Indian War. They appointed Washington
their agent and attorney, and it was largely due to his
energy and efforts that these deserving men finally ob-
tained their land. The Revolutionary War was close at
hand before the matter was entirely settled. As late as
1798, Washington was asked about it. On April 25 of
that year he wrote to Edward Graham: “The burthen
of obtaining the Grants for 200,000 acres of land under
Gov. Dinwiddie’s Proclamation of 1754 and indeed the
greater part of the expense attending this business from
the first move that was made therein until the issuing of
the Patents, were thrown upon me nor has the latter been
reimbursed to this day. It was with great difficulty after
Peace was established in the year 1763, that I could ob-
tain a recognition of the above proclamation and then
instead of assigning a district, and permitting every
Claimant to locate his own quantum therein, we were
compelled to take the whole quantity in twenty surveys,
or rather not allowed to extend that number. This it
was that occasioned so many names to be together in the
same Patent and has caused the difficulties which have
since occured to the Patentees, to obtain their respective
quantities. The same happened to myself; but rather
than be at the trouble and expense of dividing with others
I bought and exchanged until I got entire tracts to my-
self. After the Patents were granted and the Land there-
by secured, I concerned myself no further with any part
thereof excepting my own.” While in Fredericksburg
at this time, Washington purchased a tent and a mar-
quee from Captain Weedon for £6.August | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

Aveust 3, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“Dined at my Brother Charles’s. Spent the
Evening there, and lodgd at Colo. Lewis’s.”—
Diary.

Washington attended a barbecue the next day which
seems to have been given on the outskirts of the town.
He seems to have lodged with Colonel Lewis during the
entire time of this stay.

Avucust 9, Thursday. Stafford County and
Mount Vernon.
“Breakfasted at my Mother’s, dined at Dum-
fries, and came home by Night.”—Duary.
“By expences at Dumfries 10/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Avucust 19, Sunday. Pohick Church and Bel-
voir.
“Went to Pohick Church. Calld in our way at
Belvoir to take leave of Sir Thos. Returnd to
Dinner.” —Diary.

Aveust 20, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court.”’—Duary.

Aveust 21, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court again and returnd in the
afternoon.” —Duiary.

Aveust 23, Thursday. Alexandria.

“T went up to Alexandria calling by Mr. Jno.
West’s going and coming. Returnd again at
Night with Mr. B. Fairfax.”—Diary.270 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

Avueust 27, Monday. Colchester.

“Went by my Mill and Doeg Run to Colchester,
then to settle a dispute betwn. Doctr. Ross and
Company and Mr. Semple.”—Dvuary.

Hector Ross and John Semple; Washington acted as
referee. He stayed in Colchester on this business, up to

August 31.

SrerTeMBER 1, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd from the Arbitration at Colchester.”

—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 8, Saturday. Sheridan’s Point, Poto-
mac River.
“A Fishing along towards Sheridine Point.
Dined upon the Point.” —Diuary.
Sheridan or Sheridine’s Point was the north cape of
Little Hunting Creek, about opposite Fort Washington.

SrrTeMBER 15, Saturday. Alexandria.
“Rid to Alexandria with my Brothr. and returnd

to Dinner.” —Duary.

His brother Samuel Washington.

SEPTEMBER 17, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court, and returnd in the Eve-

ning.\—Diary.CHAPTER IX
Tur Onto RIvER JOURNEY
1770

Ocroser 5, Friday. Fairfax County.

“Set out in Company with Doctr. Craik for the
Settlement on Redstone, etca. Dind at Mr. Bryan
Fairfax’s and lodged at Leesburg.” —Diary.

Redstone Creek empties into the Monongahela River
about thirty-seven miles above Pittsburgh. This journey
is characterized by Washington as his trip to the Ohio.
It was undertaken to locate definitely the lands granted
the Virginia officers for their services in the French and
Indian War. Washington managed the business for his
brother officers, and, though this journey was undertaken
in their interest, his well-known weakness for acquiring
good land was, undoubtedly, a large factor in the matter.

“By Expences in a Journey to the Ohio—viz at Moss’s
Ordy. 3s. 6d. Leesburg 10s.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Octroser 6, Saturday. Williams’ Gap and Fred-
erick County.
“Bated at Old Codley’s. Dind and lodgd at my
Brother Sam’s.”—Diary.
Codley, or Caudley, kept a roadhouse at the top of
Williams’ Gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, later known
as Snickers?’ Gap and now as Bluemont. Washington

passed through Leesburg. Samuel Washington’s place
271272 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

was on Worthington’s Marsh. ‘“Expences at Coudley’s

6s.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

OctToser 7, Sunday.

“Dind at Rinkers and lodgd at Saml Pritch-
ard’s.”—Diary.

Jasper Rinker, on the Winchester-Cumberland road.
Pritchard’s was on the Cacapon River, about forty-two
miles from Samuel Washington’s place. Washington
stopped at Pugh’s, probably for breakfast, and notes an

expense of 6/.

Octoser 8, Monday. Maryland.

“Vale. Crawford joind us, and he and I went to
Colo. Cresap’s leaving the Doctr. at Pritchard’s
with my boy Billy, who was taken sick.” —Diary.

Colonel Thomas Cresap’s, a few miles above the junc-
tion of the North and South Branches of the Potomac
River, on the Maryland side; his place was known as
“Cresap’s” and also as “Old Town.” Colonel Thomas was
one of the outstanding figures of American frontiersmen.
He was a member of the old or original Ohio Company
and was influential among the Indians. He is reported
to have lived to be one hundred and five years old.

“Billy,” otherwise known as William Lee, had been pur-
chased from the Lee family. He accompanied Wash-
ington throughout the Revolutionary War and is, prob-
ably, the best known of Washington’s slaves. Washing-
ton’s route was by way of Henry Enoch’s on Cacapehon,
and Cox’s at the mouth of Little Cacapehon.

Ocroser 9, Tuesday. Hampshire County, Vir-
ginia.273

 

October | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER
“Went from Colo. Cresap’s to Romney, where
in the afternoon the Doctr. and my Servant and
Baggage arrivd.’—Duary.
Romney was the county seat of Hampshire County.

Ocrozrer 10, Wednesday. Maryland.

“Bought two Horses and sent one of my Serv-
ants (Giles) home with those I rid up. Proceeded
on our journey and lodgd at one Wise (now
Turner’s) Mill.”—Diary.

One horse was a bay, purchased from a Mr. Parsons
for £16 and the other a gray, purchased from a Mr.

John (?) Nevil for £13.10.

Ocroser 11, Thursday. Pennsylvania.

“Set out about 11 Oclock and arrivd at one Gil-
lam’s on George Creek, 10 1/2 Miles from the
North Branch and same distt. from Ft. C.”—
Diary.

Joseph Gillam. Georges Creek was ten and a half
miles from the North Branch of the Potomac River.
Washington’s expense accounts note the purchase of four
bearskins on October 11 for £1.

Fort Cumberland was at the junction of Wills Creek
and the North Branch of the Potomac; it is now the town

of Cumberland, Maryland.

Ocroser 12, Friday. Pennsylvania.

“Started from Gillam’s between Sun rising and
Day Break, and arrivd at the Great crossing of
Yaugha. about Sunset or before.”’—Diary.

The Great Crossing of the Youghiogheny River.274 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

There is an expense entry in Washington’s accounts of
ten pence expended at Little Meadows on October 12.

OcroBer 13, Saturday. Stewart's Crossing.

“Left this place early in the Morning and arrivd
at Captn. Crawford’s (known by the name of
Stewart’s crossing) abt. 1/2 after four Oclock.”—
Diary.

Stewart’s Crossing on the Youghiogheny is now Con-
nellsville, sixty-three miles from Pittsburgh. Captain
William Crawford’s cabin was on the left bank, just be-
low what is now the town. Washington stayed at Craw-
ford’s until October 16.

Ocroser 15, Monday. Stewart’s Crossing.

“Rid to see the Land he got for me and my
Brother’s.”—Dhiary.

Captain William Crawford was Washington’s agent in
the Ohio land business ; both he and his brother Valentine
travelled and examined the country and selected land

areas for Washington.

Ocrozer 16, T'wesday. Pennsylvania.
“At Captn. Crawford’s till the Evening, then
went to Mr. John Stephenson’s.”—Diuary.

Stephenson was an half-brother to Crawford.

Ocroser 17, Wednesday. Fort Pitt.

“Arrivd at Fort, dining at one Widow Miers at
Turtle Creek.”

Fort Pitt, now Pittsburgh, formerly the old French
Fort Duquesne.October | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 275

  

Miers, often spelled Myers. Turtle Creek, in West-
moreland County, Pennsylvania, empties into the Mo-
nongahela River, about twelve miles above Fort Pitt.

Washington lodged in the town of Pittsburg, then
about three hundred yards from the Fort, at the inn kept
by Samuel Semple.

Ocroser 18, Thursday. Fort Pitt.
“Dined in the Fort at the Officers Club.’”—

Diary.

Ocroser 19, Friday. Near Fort Pitt.

“Dined at Colo. Croghan’s abt. 4 Miles from
Pittsburg, and returnd.”—Duary.

Colonel George Croghan, Indian Agent, settled near
Harrisburg about 1746; became Indian Agent for Penn-
sylvania and a deputy under Sir William Johnson, who
sent him to England to explain to the Ministry the affair
of the French and Indian boundary controversy. In 1765
he was wounded and taken prisoner by the Illinois In-
dians to whom he had gone on a friendly mission. He,
nevertheless, held the Indians back from the war-path
and the next year settled about four miles above Fort
Pitt, on the left bank of the Allegheny. His influence
with the savages was great, and he held them friendly
to the British interests until the outbreak of the Revolu-
tionary War.

Octoser 20, Saturday. On the Ohio River.

“Set out for the Big Kanhawa with Dr. Craik,
Captn. Crawford and others. Incampd abt. 14
Miles off.” —Duary.276 GrEoRGE WASHINGTON [1770

The others were Captn. Crawford, Josh. Nichol-
son, Robt. Bell, William Harrison, Chs. Morgan,
Danl. Reardon and Indians.

The Big or Great Kanawha flows through Virginia
and the southern part of West Virginia in a north-
westerly direction and empties into the Ohio River at
Point Pleasant. Washington and his party dined, this
day, at Alexander McKee’s, deputy Indian Agent for

Pennsylvania.

Ocrosrer 21, Swnday. On the Ohio.

“Got abt. 32 Miles further and In -ampd abt. 3
Miles below little Bever Ck.”—Diary.

Little Beaver Creek, in Pennsylvania, flows into the
Ohio from the north.

Octoser 22, Monday. On the Ohio.
“Reachd the Mingo Town, abt. 29 Miles by
Computation.” —Diary.

In Ohio, about three miles below Steubenville.

OcToBER 23, Tuesday. On the Ohio.

“Stayd at this place till One Clock in the After-
noon, and padled abt. 12 Miles down the River
and Incampd.”—Diary.

This was at Fishing Creek, Wetzel County, West
Virginia.

OcToBeEr 24, Wednesday. On the Ohio.
“We reachd the Mouth of a Creek calldOctober | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 277

Grape vine Creek (10 Miles up which is a Town
of Delawares calld Franks Town) abt. 3 Oclock
in the Afternoon, distant from our last Camp abt.
26 Miles.” —Diary.

Flows in from Ohio on the north. Washington called
this “Fox Grape Vine Creek” and also “Sculp” or “Buffalo
Creek.”

Ocroser 25, Thursday. On the Ohio.

“Tneampd in the long reach abt. 30 Miles from
our last lodge according to my Computation.””—
Diary.

The Long Reach was a straight course in the usually
crooked Ohio River, of from eighteen to twenty miles,

which forms the eastern boundary of Monroe County,

Ohio.

OcroBeEr 26, Friday. On the Ohio.

“Incampd at the Mouth of a Creek about 4
Miles above the Mouth of Muskingham, distant
abt. 32 Miles.” —Duary.

The Muskingum River flows south through the eastern
half of Ohio and empties into the Ohio River at what is

now Marietta.

Ocroser 27, Saturday. On the Ohio.
“TIncampd at the Mouth of great Hockhocking,
distant from our last Incampment abt. 32 Miles.”
—Diary.
Sometimes called the “Big Hockhocking” ; flows south
through Ohio and empties into the Ohio River almost at
the boundary line of Athens and Meigs Counties, Ohio.278 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

Ocroser 28, Sunday. On the Ohio.

“Meeting with Kiashuta and other Indian
Hunters we proceeded only 10 Miles to day, and
Incampd below the Mouth of a Ck. on the West
the name weh. I know not.”—Diary.

Kiashuta, an Indian who had accompanied Washing-
ton part of the way from Logs Town to Fort Le Beuf
in 1753.

OcroBer 29, Monday. On the Ohio.

“Went round what is calld the Great Bent and
Campd two Miles below it, distant from our last
Incampment abt. 29 Miles.” —Diary.

The Great Bend of the Ohio River where it borders
Meigs County.

OcroBEr 30, T'wesday. On the Ohio.

~Incampd Early just by the old Shawna Town,
distant from our last no more than 15 Miles.”—
Diary.

The Old Shawnee Town was about five miles above
Point Pleasant.

OcroBer 31, Wednesday. West Virginia.
“Went out a Hunting and met the Canoe at the
Mouth of the Kanhawa, distant only 5 Miuiles,
makg. the whole distance from Fort Pitt accordg.
to my Acct. 266 Miles.” —Diary.
Washington landed on the West Virginia side of the
Ohio and circled around to the mouth of the Kanawha.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

 

November |

Novemser 1, Thursday. West Virginia.
“Went up the Great Kanhawa abt. 10 Miles
with the People that were with me.”—Duary.

Novemser 2, Friday. West Virginia.
“Hunting the most part of the day, the Canoe
went up abt. 15 Miles further.”—Diary.

NovemsBer 3, Saturday. Great Kanhawa River.
‘Returnd down the River again and Incampd
at the Mouth.” —Duary.

NovEMBER 4, Sunday. On the Ohio River.

“Proceeded up the Ohio on our return to Fort
Pitt. Incampd abt. 9 Miles below the rapid at the
grt. Bent.” —Duary.

NoveMser 5, Monday. Ohio.
“Walk’d across a Neck of Land to the Rapid
and Incampd about Miles above it.”—Duary.

NoveMBER 6, T'wesday. Ohio.
“Tn about 5 Miles we came to Kiashutas Camp

and there Halted.”—Dnuary.

NovemsBer 7, Wednesday. On the Ohio River.
‘Reachd the Mouth of Hockhocking, distant
abt. 20 Miles.”—Dhiary.

NoveMBER 8, Thursday. On the Ohio.
“Came within a Mile of the Mouth of Musk-
ingham, 27 Miles.” —Dnzary.280 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

NovEMBER 9, Friday. On the Ohio.
“Got to the 3 Islands in the 2d long reach about
17 Miles.” —Diary.

NovEMBER 10, Saturday. On the Ohio.
“Arrivd at the lower end of the long reach abt.
12 Miles, not setting of till 12 Oclock.”’—Diary.

NoveMBeER 11, Swnday. On the Ohio.
“Came about 16 Miles after hard working the

greatest part of the day.”—Diuary.

NovEMBER 12, Monday. On the Ohio.
“Only got about 5 Miles, the Currt. being very
strong against us.’—Diary.

NovEMBER 13, T'wesday. On the Ohio.
“Reachd the uppermost broken Timber Creek

distant about 7 Miles, contending with a violent

Currt. the whole day.” —Diary.

NovEMBER 14, Wednesday. On the Ohio.
“Came to the Captening or Fox Grape Vine
Creek distant about 10 Miles.”—Diary.

NoveMBER 15, Thursday. On the Ohio.

“Reachd Weeling (on the West) where there
had been an Indian Town and where some of the
Shawnas are going to settle in the Spring, distant
from our Incampment 12 Miles.’”—Diary.November] CoLontau TRAVELLER 281

NoveMBER 16, Friday. On the Ohio.
“Got within 13 Miles of the lower cross Creeks,
13 Miles.” —Diary.

NoveMBER 17, Saturday. On the Ohio.

“Reachd the Mingo Town about 13 Miles
more.’ —Diary.

Washington was compelled to remain at Mingo Town

until November 20, until the horses for baggage and

riding arrived.

NovEMBER 20, Tuesday. Mingo Town, Ohio.

“Our Horses arriving about One Oclock, at 2
we set out for Fort Pitt and got about 10 Miles.”
—Diary.

Novemser 21, Wednesday. Fort Pitt, Pennsyl-
vania.
“Reachd Fort Pitt in the afternoon and lodgd
at Semples.”—Diary.
“Ferriage there 7/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NovemMBeER 22, Thursday. Pittsburg.
“Invited the Officers of the Fort and other Gen-
tlemen to dine with me at Samples.”—Diary.

Washington notes an expense with Semple of £26.1.10.

NovEMBER 23, Friday. Pennsylvania.
“Left Fort Pitt and reachd Mr. John Stephen-

sons.’ —Dhiary.

“Widow Miers £1.19.6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.282 (ZEORGE WASHINGTON [1770

NovEMBER 24, Saturday. Pennsylvania.
“Got to Captn. Crawford’s. The Rivr. Yaugh-

yaughgane being very high.’”—Dhvuary.

NovEMBER 25, Sunday. Youghiogheny River.
‘“Reachd Hoglands at the great crossing.”—
oO o
Diary.

“Expens. at ye Gt. Crossg. 19

.’—Ledger A, op. cit.

NoveMBER 26, Monday. Maryland.
“Came to Killam’s on George’s Creek.” —Dhiary.
“Ditto [expenses] at Killams 10/.”—\Ledger A, op. cit.
NovEMBER 27, T'wesday. Maryland.
“Got to the Old Town to Colo. Cresap’s, distant

from Killam’s about 25 Miles.’ —Diuary.

“Do. at Cumberland 5/.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

NovEeMBER 28, Wednesday. Virginia.

‘Reachd Jasper Rinker’s about 38 Miles from
Cresap’s and 30 from Cox’s, not long ones.”—
Diary.

NoveMBER 29, Thursday. Frederick County.

“Came to my Brother’s (distant about 25 Miles)
to Dinner.”—Diary.

“Exps. at Rinker’s & Snickers £1.3.6.”—Ledger A.
NoveEMBER 30, Friday. Fairfax County.

‘“Reachd Charles West’s 35 Miles from my
Brother’s.’”—Duary.

“Do. [expenses] at Wests &ca. £1.2.6.”—Ledger A,

op. cit.December] CoLoNtAL TRAVELLER 283

Decemser 1, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Reachd home from [Charles] West’s, after an
absence of 9 Weeks and one Day.”—Diary.

DrceMBeEr 9, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to

Dinner.”—Diary.

DecemBer 10, Monday. Little Falls of the
Potomac.
“Went up the little Falls to Balendine’s Sale.
Returnd in the Evening.’ —Diary.

DEcEMBER 16, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir with Jacky Custis and re-
turnd afterwards.”—Dnuary.

DeceMsBer 17, Monday. Alexandria.
“Jacky Custis went to Annapolis and [ to
Court.’”—Diuary.

Decemser 19, Wednesday. Colchester.

“Went to Colchester on an Arbitration between
[Allan] McCrae’s Exrs. and John Graham. No
business done.” —Diary.

Dercemser 20, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home.”—Duary.

DecEeMBER 25, T'wesday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.” —Duary.CHAPTER X

WILLIAMSBURG AND ANNAPOLIS GAYETIES:
1771-1773

JaNuARY 1, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“Rid to my Mill in the forenoon and afternoon.”
—Diary.

JANUARY 13, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Mrs. Washington, Patcy Custis and myself,
Dined and lodged at Belvoir.” —Diary.

January 14, Monday. Belvoir.
“Dined there this day also and Returnd home
after it.”—Diary.

January 17, Thursday. Alexandria.

“Rid to the Mill, &ca. in the Afternn., and went
up to Alexa. with Mrs. Washington and Patcy
Custis in the afternoon.”—Diary.

The party seems to have returned to Mount Vernon
this same day, or the next. Washington’s house was

finished and they may have stayed there overnight.

JANUARY 20, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Went to Pohick Church with Mrs. Washington
and returnd to Dinr.”—Diary.
284January | COLONIAL TRAVELLER 285

JANUARY 21, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court, Mrs. Washington and
Patcy Custis with me. Returnd in the afternoon.”
—Diary.

JANUARY 22, T'wesday. Colchester.

“Dined at home and afterwards went to Col-
chester with Mr. Ross, on my way to Dumfries on
the Arbitration between Doctr. Ross and Co. and
Mr. Semple.” —Diary.

JANUARY 23, Wednesday. Colchester and Dum-
fries.

“Waited at Colchester till 2 Oclock for Colo.
Mason. Dined at Court’s and went to Dumfries
afterwards and to the Play of the Recruitg. Officer.
Lodgd at Mr. Montgomeries.’”—Diary.

William Courts kept an inn, or ordinary, at Col-
chester. Thomas Montgomerie lived in Dumfries. “By
two Play Tickets 10. By Exps. at the Play 6.3.°—
Ledger A, op. cit. Washington remained at Dumfries,
on this arbitration until January 27.

January 27, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“Receivg. News of part of my Mill wall’s fall-
ing in I came home to Dinner.”—Diuary.

JANUARY 28, Monday. Dumfries.
Y
“Returnd to Dumfries on the above arbitra-

tion.” —Duary.286 GEORGE WASHINGTON LeTe

JaNuARY 31, Thursday. Mount Vernon.

‘“Returnd home by my Mill and the Dam where
my People were attempting to stop Water.”—
Diary.

Frpruary 11, Monday. Colchester.

“Rid by my Mill and Dam at the head of the
Race on my way to an arbitration between John
Graham and the Estate of Allan Macrae decd.”—
Diary.

Frsruary 12, Tuesday. Colchester.

“At Colchester on the said Arbitration.”—
Diary.

Washington was detained at Colchester by this busi-
ness until February 17.

Frsruary 17, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home to Breakfast by my Mill Dam.”
—Diary.

Marcu 2, Saturday. Fairfax County.

“The Doctr. [James Craik] and I set of for
Winchester. Dined at Triplet’s and lodgd at
West’s.”—Diary.

“By Exps. at Triplets Ordy. 4/4 By Ditto at Wests
Do 7/3.”—Ledger A, op. cit. “1771, Feby. To Adver-
tising the Meetg. Winchester in both Gazettes—3 Weeks
each, 14s.”—-Ledger A. The meeting was to report to the
officers of the Virginia Regiment his proceedings in the
journey down the Ohio to select the lands for his brotherMarch] CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 287

officers, under the Dinwiddie Proclamation of 1754. The
meeting was held March 5, and Washington rendered
his accounts and made his report. The original proceed-
ings of this meeting are in the Washington Papers, in
the Library of Congress. Captain William Crawford,
who had made the journey with Washington, was ap-
pointed by the officers to make the necessary surveys.
A number of his original surveys which have survived
are in the Washington Papers, in the Library of Con-
gress.

Marcu 3, Sunday. Frederick County.

“Dined at Barry’s (on Shanondoah) and
reached Greenway Court in the Afternoon, where
we stayd all Night.”—Duary.

Marcu 4, Monday. Winchester.

‘“Reachd Winchester to Dinner according to ap-
pointment with the Officers, &ca., claimg. part of
the 200,000 Acs. of L{an]d.”—Diuary.

“By Office Expences for a Tract of 2014 Acs. Ld.
£1.13.9.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 5, Tuesday. Winchester.
“At Winchester all day. Dined with Lord Fair-
fax.” —Dhiary.

Marcu 6, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Dined at my Lodging, which was at Mr. Philp.

Bushe’s, and went home with my Br., Mr. Saml.

Washington, in ye Eveng.”—Diary.

Philip Bush’s ordinary was called “The Golden Buck.”288 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1771

Marcu 10, Swnday. Frederick County.
“Dined at Mr. [James?] Nurses, and returnd
to my Brother’s in the Evening.” —Diary.

Marcy 11, Monday. Frederick County.
“Set of from my Brother’s for Mr. Warnr.

Washington’s on my return home.’’—Diary.
o . t

Marcu 12, Tuesday. Fairfax County.

“Left Mr. Washington’s and crossing at
Snicker’s (where I eat an early Dinner), reach’d
Leesburg betwn. 4 and 5 Oclock in the afternoon.”
—Diaru.

“Exps. at Snickers 4/6 By Exps. at Peytons 7/1044.”
—Ledger A, op. cit.

Marcu 13, Wednesday. Fairfax County and
Mount Vernon.

“Reachd home, after being obligd to Ferry
over goose Creek at Hough’s Mill and coming
Round by Ellzey’s.”—Diary.

“By Ditto at Talbot’s 3/.”—Ledger A. Goose Creek
flows in a northeasterly direction through Loudoun
County, to empty into the Potomac River. John Hough
had a mill on Goose Creek. Thomison Ellzey, of Fairfax
County. In 1771 the route from the Valley, via Snickers’
Gap, to Leesburg (which later was adopted for a turn-
pike), was just coming into general use by the flour-
wagon trains in preference to the older route via Vestal’s
Gap. On this occasion, however, a “fresh” in Goose Creek
diverted Washington south of Leesburg from his familiar
and oft-traversed direct route to Alexandria via Cole-CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 289

 

March]

man’s Ordinary, to cross Goose Creek higher upstream
at Hough’s Mill: thence he struck into the Ox Road,
which Robert Carter had opened in 1730 to serve his
Frying Pan copper mine, and followed it to its junction
in the branches of Pope’s Head Run with what is now
called the “Braddock Road”; thence he followed the
“Braddock Road” via Lewis Ellzey’s and Payne’s Church
to Alexandria.
Marcu 18, Monday. Alexandria.

“Rid to Posey’s to lay of a fence before Break-
fast and went to Court afterwards and stayd all

Night.” —Duary.

Marcu 19, Tuesday. Alexandria and Mount
Vernon.

“At Court all day. In the Afternoon came
home.” —Duary.

Marcu 21, Thursday. Belvoir.

‘Went with the above [Daniel of St. Thomas
Jenifer, Reverend Jonathan, Boucher and John
Parke Custis] to Belvoir to Dinner and returnd
in the Evening with Mr. Boucher and Jacky
Custis.” —Diary.

Marcu 27, Wednesday. Dumfries.

“Dined at Colchester in my way to Dumfries on
the Arbitration between Doctr. Ross and Compa.
and Mr. Semple. Supped at Graham’s and lodgd
at Mr. Montgomere’s.”—Duary.

Washington stayed at Dumfries, on this business un-
til April 2.290 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1771

Aprit 2, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
“Got home to breakfast about 9 Oclock.”—
Diary.

Arrit 14, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and came home to

Dinner.’ —Duary.

Aprit 15, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went to Alexandria to Court. Stayd all

Night.” —Diary.

Aprit 16, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
Y
“Came home to Dinner.”—Duary.

Aprit 27, Saturday. Stafford County.

“Set out with Mrs. Washington and Patcy
Custis on my journey to Williamsburg. Dined at
Colchester and Suppd and lodgd in Dumfries.” —
Diary.

The burgesses were not in session this month, and
Washington undertook this journey to obtain medical
treatment for Patsy Custis. He transacted considerable
personal business in Williamsburg on the trip, as shown
by his accounts; but as none of it was of a pressing
nature Miss Custis’s health seems to have been the main
reason for the journey. This is measurably proved by
the entries in the expense accounts. May 7. “By Mr.
Jno. Carter for 4 bottles of Fit Drops £1.5.0.” Mr.
John Carter was a well-known physician in Williams-
burg. Two days later Washington purchased drugsMay | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 291

from “Doctr Carter” to.the amount of 8s. 1d. On May
11th four ounces of “ther were purchased” and on the
same day Mrs. Charlton was paid £9.8.3 for Miss Custis
and 5s. 9d. for Mrs. Washirgton. While in Williams-
burg at this time the Washingtons stopped at Mrs.
Campbell’s.

Apri 28, Sunday. Fredericksburg.

“Dined at my Mother’s and lodgd at Colo.
Lewis’s. Supped at my Brother Charles’s.”—
Diary.

AprIL 29, Monday. Caroline County.
“Dined at Caroline Court House and lodgd at
Hubbard’s Ordinary.’—Diary.

Apri 80, Tuesday. King William and Kent
Counties.

“Breakfasted at Todd’s Ordinary, and after
making some considerable stop at Ruffin’s Ferry,
occasioned by a Sick Horse, reached Colo. Bas-
sett’s a little in the Night.”—Diary.

May 2, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“Set out with Colo. Bassett for Williamsburg,
and reachd 'Town about 12 Oclock. Dined at Mrs.
Dawson’s and went to the Play.”—Diary.

“By Play Tickets 10/.”—Ledger A, op. cit. The next
day Washington dined at the Speaker’s and again went
to the play, after which he “Drank a Bowl or two of
Punch at Mrs. Campbell’s.”292 GroRGE WASHINGTON [1771

May 4, Saturday. Williamsburg and New Kent.

“Dined at Mrs. Campbell’s (and paid for Din-
ner and Club), and went up to Eltham with Colos.
Bassett and Lewis.”—Diary.

May 6, Monday. Williamsburg.

‘“Returnd to Williamsburg by 11 Oclock with
Colo. Bassett and Colo. Lewis. Dined at Mrs.
Vobes; and Suppd at Anderson’s.”—Duiary.

The next day Washington dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and
spent the evening at Anderson’s. On May 8, he dined at
Southall’s and went to the play, on May 9, dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s and spent the evening at Southall’s, on May
10 he dined at Mrs. Campbell’s.

May 11, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Returnd to Eltham with Colo. Bassett after
dining at Mrs. Campbell’s.”—Diary.

May 13, Monday. New Kent County.
“Rid to the Brick House with Colo. Bassett and
returnd to Dinner.’’—Duary.

The Brick House was in New Kent, on the York River.

May 15, Wednesday. New Kent.
“Went up to the Plantations about Rockahock.
Dined at Mrs. Chamberlayne’s with Mrs. Wash-
ington, and returnd to Colo. Bassett’s in the
Eveng.”—Diary.
Rockahock on the Pamunkey River. Washington
bought a farm near it for John Parke Custis.
Mrs. WilliamChamberlayne, Williams’ Ferry on theCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 293

 

May |

Pamunkey. According to tradition it was at Colonel
William Chamberlayne’s house that Washington first met
Mrs. Martha Custis, the widow of John Custis. Colonel
Chamberlayne was related to Mrs. Custis and it was he
who introduced Washington to his future wife.

May 16, Thursday. New Kent.

“Dined at Mrs. Dangerfield’s with Colo. Bas-
sett’s Family, and returnd in the afternoon to
Eltham.’—Diary.

May 17, Friday. King William and New Kent.

“Visited my Plantation in King William.
Dined at Colo. B[ernar]d Moore’s and returnd to
Colo. Bassett’s in the afternoon.”—Duary.

May 18, Saturday. New Kent.

‘Rid to the Brick House with the Family.
Hauld the Sein and returnd to Dinner, after which
went to Mr. Davis’s and Drank Tea.”—Duary.

May 19, Sunday. New Kent.

“Went to Church and returnd to Colo. Bas-
sett’s to Dinner with other Compy., among whom
were the two Mr. Dandridge’s.’”—Duary.

Saint Peter’s Episcopal Church, New Kent County.

Probably Bartholomew and William Dandridge, neph-
ews of Mrs. Martha Washington.

May 20, Monday. New Kent.
“Rid to the Brick House to see my Chariot andSe ee eS

Y

294 GEORGE WASHINGTON ret

Horses (which were sent round to my Quarter)
cross.” —Duary.

May 21, Twesday. King and Queen and Essex
Counties.

“Set out for my Brother’s at Nomony, crossing
over to my Quarter, and so by Frazer’s to Hob’s
hole, where we dined, and then crossing the River
lodgd at Mr. Josh. Lane’s.”—Duary.

Joseph Lane’s was in Richmond County, so that

Washington crossed the Rappahannock this same day.

May 22, Wednesday. Westmoreland County.
‘Reached my Brother’s pretty early in the day.”

John Augustine Washington’s.

May 23, Thursday. Westmoreland.

“Rid with him to his Mill, and to Mr. [Robert]
Carter’s New Mills at the head of Nomony. Re-
turnd to Dinr.”—Duary.

May 24, Friday. Westmoreland.
“Dined at Mr. John Smith’s at Cabin Point.

Returnd to my Brothr’s. in the afternoon.”
Next day Washington dined at the Rev. Mr. Smith’s.

May 26, Sunday. Pope’s Creek, Westmoreland.
“Proceeded to Mrs. Washington’s of Pope's
Creek in the Afternoon.”—Diuary.
Ann (Aylett) Washington, widow of Augustine Wash-

ington, half-brother of George.June | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 295

“Ferrs. at Boyds hole 42/6.”—Ledger A, op. cit.

May 28, Tuesday. “Chotank” (Stafford County).
“Set out after Breakfast. Dined at Mr. Bur-
dett Ashton’s and continued on afterwards to Mr.
Lawrence Washington’s.”—Diary.
Burdett Ashton married a daughter of Ann (Aylett)

Washington as above. Washington stayed at Lawrence
Washington’s May 29.

May 30, Thursday. Maryland and Mount Ver-
non.

“Reachd home, crossing at Boyd’s hole to the
Widow Martin’s [sic] Landing and pass by Nan-
gemoy Church and the Widow Elbeck’s to my own
Ferry.” —Duary.

Mrs. Ejilbeck, the widow of William Eilbeck, of Charles
County, Maryland.

JUNE 6, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Mrs. Washington, Patcy Custis, and myself
Dined at Belvoir.” —Diary.

JuNE 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria and returnd in the
Afternoon.” —Diary.

JUNE 23, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd home to
Dinner.” —Diary.296 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1771

Juty 8, Monday. Pohick Church.
“Went to a Vestry held at the New Church at
Pohick. Doctr. Rumney and Mr. Robt. Harrison

came home with me.”—Duary.

Juy 12, Friday. Charles County, Maryland and
Stafford, Virgmia.

“T set of for Williamsburg and crossing at
Laidler’s lodgd at Mr. Lawe. Washington’s.”—
Diary.

In July, 1771, Washington attended the session of the
burgesses eight days, with the usual ten days’ travelling
it took to go from Mount Vernon to Williamsburg and
return. The expense charge for this attendance and
travel was paid in May, 1772, when the charge for at-
tendance and travel to the session in March and April
of that year were also met.

Washington crossed into Maryland and recrossed the
Potomac to reach Mr. Lawrence Washington’s in

“Chotank.”

Jury 13, Saturday. King George, Essex and

King and Queen Counties.
“Dined at Leeds Town and reachd Todd’s

Bridge.” —Dvuary.

Jury 14, Sunday. King William and New Kent

Counties.
“Breakfasted at King Wm. Ct. Ho. Dined at

Ruffin’s and reached Colo. Bassett’s.”—Duary.July | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 297

Jury 15, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Williamsburg abt. 10 Oclock at Mrs.
Campbell’s. Spent the Evening in my own
Room.” —Diary.

Washington remained in Williamsburg until July 21.
On July 16 he dined with the Speaker; on the 17th with
the Treasurer and supped at Mrs. Campbell’s; on the
18th he both dined and supped at Mrs. Campbell’s, on
the 19th he dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and spent the eve-
ning at Southall’s and on the 20th dined at Mrs. Daw-

son’s.

Jury 21, Sunday. New Kent County.
“Set out early in the Morning for Colo. Bas-
sett’s and arrivd there abt. 10 Oclock.”—Duary.

Jury 22, Monday. King William County.

“Teft Colo. Bassett’s before Sun rise. Break-
fasted at King Wm. Ct. House, dined at Todd’s
bridge and lodged at Hubbard’s.”—Duary.

Jury 23, Tuesday. Caroline County and Freder-

icksburg.
“Breakfasted at the Caroline Court House and
Reachd Fredericksburg before two Oclock, and
dined and lodgd at Colo. Lewis’s.”—Diuary.

Jury 25, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“Dined at Colo. Lewis’s and went to the Play.”

—Diary.298 GEORGE WaAsHINGTON [177d

JuLy 26, Friday. Stafford County and Mount
Vernon.
“Breakfasted at my Mother’s. Dined at Dum-
fries, and lodgd at Home.” —Diary.

Avueust 4, Sunday. Pohick Church. :
“Went to Pohick Church, and came home to
Dinner.” —Diary.

Aveust 6, Tuesday. Belvoir.

“Dined at Belvoir and returnd in the Evening.
Mrs. Washington and Patcy Custis went with
me.” —Diary.

Aveust 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court, and returnd
in the Evening, home.”—Diary.

Aveust 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court again and lodgd in my own
House.” —Diary.

On Cameron Street, between Pitt and Saint Asaph

Streets; it was torn down before the Civil War.

Avcust 21, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“At Court all day. In the Evening returnd
home.” —Diary.

SEPTEMBER 2, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria with Mr. [ Lewis] Bur-
well after an early Dinner. Returnd in the Eve-
ning with Mr. Piper.”—Diary.September] CoLoNiAL ‘TRAVELLER

SEPTEMBER 6, Friday. Belvoir.

“At home all the forenoon. In the afternoon
went to Belvoir with Mrs. Washington and P.
Custis, and returned in the Evening.’—Duary.

SepTemMBerR 10, Tuesday. Stafford County.
“In the afternoon set of for Fredericksburg and
lodgd at Colo. Harry Lee’s.”—Diuary.

SrepreMBer 11, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Reach’d my Mother’s to Dinner after Baiting

> 39

at Peyton's.

Srpremper 12, Thursday. Stafford County and
Fredericksburg.

“Rid all over the Plantn. at the Ho[me] House,
and then went to the Quarter and rid all over that
and returnd to Dinner. Colo. Lewis and my
Brothr. Charles being there. In the afternoon
went over to Fredg.”—Duary.

SrpremBer 13, Friday. Stafford County and

Fredericksburg.
“Returnd to my Mother’s to Breakfast, and

Surveyd the Fields before Dinner. Returnd to
Town afterwards.’—Duary.

—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 14, Saturday. Fredericksburg.

“Rid with Colo. Lewis to his Mill before Din-
ner; after it went over to my Mother's and stayd
all Night.”—Duary.

“By Cash lent my Mother £4.12.6."—Ledger A, op.

cit.300 GEORGE WASHINGTON are

SEPTEMBER 15, Sunday. Stafford County and
Mount Vernon.
“Set of home. Din’d in Dumfries and got up by
Sunset.” —Diary.

SEPTEMBER 18, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court. Dined at [David] Arrell’s
and lodgd at Mr. Jno. West’s.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 19, Thursday. Alexandria.
“Went to Court again. Dind at Arrell’s and
‘came home in the Afternoon.”—Dziary.

SEPTEMBER 20, Friday. Belvoir.
“Went with Mr. Wormeley to Belvoir on a
Morng’s. visit, and returnd to Dinr.”—Diary.
This may have been John Wormeley, youngest son of

the “Colonel Wormeley,” of Rosegill.

SEPTEMBER 21, Saturday. Maryland.

“Set out with Mr. Wormeley for the Annapolis
Races. Dind at Mr. Willm. Digge’s and lodgd
at Mr. Ignatis. Digges.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 22, Swnday. Annapolis, Maryland.
“Dined at Mr. Sam Gallaway’s and lodged with
Mr. Boucher in Annapolis.”’—Dhiary.
The next day Washington dined with Lloyd Dulany

and spent the evening at the Coffee House. SeptemberOctober | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 301

24 he dined with Governor Robert Eden and went to the
play and the ball afterwards. “By Play Tickets at Do.
oo. By Ball... 5 Ditto, . = 2 Do: 18s: —_LedgernsA op:
cit. The races were the event of the social season at
Annapolis. The Jockey Club had been formed in 1750;
the track, a circuit of about one mile, was near the pres-
ent Baltimore and Washington Railroad Station. The
day’s sport usually ended with the theater or a ball. The
theater Washington attended on this trip was a new one
that had opened in February, 1769, on West Street. It
is not now standing. On September 25, Washington
dined at Dr. David Stuart’s and went to the play and
the ball; September 26, he dined at John Ridout’s and
went to the play; on the 27th, he dined at Mr. Carroll’s
and went to the ball; the 28th, dined with Mr. Boucher,
went to the play and afterwards to the Coffee House; the
29th he dined with Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer and
supped at Daniel Dulany’s. Washington expended
£3.18.0 for play and ball tickets while in Annapolis at
this time.

SEPTEMBER 380, Monday. Ann Arundel County,
Maryland.
“Left Annapolis, and Dind and Suppd with
Mr. Saml. Gallaway.’—Duary.

Ocroper 1, Tuesday. Charles County, now
Prince George County, Maryland and Mount
Vernon.

“Dined at Upper Marlborough and reach’d
home in the Afternoon.”—Diary.302 GEORGE WASHINGTON [7

OctosEr 23, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“After dinner set of for Williamsburg and lodgd

at Mr. Lawson’s.”—Diary.

Octrosrr 24, Thursday. Stafford County and
Fredericksburg.
‘Reach’d my Mother’s to dinner, and lodgd
afterwards at Colo. Lewis’s.’—Diary.

Ocroser 25, Friday. Stafford and Fredericks-
burg.
“At my Mother’s all day having lost my Horses.

Spent ye Eveng. at Weedon’s.”—Diary.

Ocroser 26, Saturday. Fredericksburg.
“At Colo. Lewis’s all day.” —Duary.

OctToBer 27, Sunday. Caroline County.
“Continued on to Williamsburg having found
my Horses. Dined at Caroline Ct. House and

lodgd at Hubbard’s.’’—Duiary.

Ocrosrr 28, Monday. King William and Kent
Counties.
“Breakfasted at Todd’s bridge, dind at Ruffin’s,
and lodgd at Colo. Bassett’s.”’—Duiary.

Ocroser 29, Tuesday. Williamsburg.

“Reach’d Williamsburg before Dinner, and
went to the Play in the Afternoon.”—Dniary.

The next day he dined at the Speaker’s and went to
the play, in fhe afternoon; October 31, he dined at Gov-November] CotontAL TRAVELLER 303

ernor John Dunmore’s and from November 1 until he
left Williamsburg, on his return to Mount Vernon he
dined at Mrs. Dawson’s, with the Governor’s Council, at
Anderson’s and at the Treasurer’s. He supped at Mrs.
Dawson’s, spent an evening at Mrs. Campbell’s and went
to the play frequently, the expense for tickets totalling
£4.1.0.

NoveMBer 7, Thursday. New Kent County.
“Left Williamsburg on my Return home, dined

and lodged at Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

Novemser 8, Friday. New Kent.
“At Colo. Bassett’s all day.”—Dnuary.

Novemser 9, Saturday. King William and Caro-

line Counties.
“Set out... . Dined at Todd’s bridge and

lodgd at Hubbard’s.”—Duary.

Novemper 10, Sunday. Spotsylvania County and
Fredericksburg.
“Dined at Doctr. Todd’s and reachd Freder-
icksburg at Night.” —Duary.

This Todd may have been of Bowling Green.

Novemser 11, Monday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home from Williamsburg.’—Duary.

NovEeMBER 17, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Went to Dinner at Belvoir.”—Diary.304 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1771

NoveMBER 18, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court. Dined at Arrell’s and
lodged at Mr. John West’s. Sent my Horses
home.’ —Diary.

November 19, Washington dined at Arrell’s, supped
there, but lodged in his own house.

This visit to Alexandria was to arrange for the elec-
tion in December. (See December 4, post.)
NoveMBER 20, Wednesday. Alexandria and

Mount Vernon.
“Dined at Arrell’s. Came home in the After-

noon. ’—Diary.

NoveMBER 27, Wednesday. “Gunston Hall.”
“Set off before Sunrise with John Custis for

Colo. [George] Mason’s, and went a driving in his

Neck after breakfast. 2 deer killed.”—Duary.

Washington remained at Mason’s over the 28th.

Novemser 29, Friday. Pohick Church and Mount
Vernon.
“Went to the Vestry at Pohick Church and

reachd home in the Evening.” —Duary.

Decemsper 4, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to the Election and the Ball I had
given at Alexa. Mr. Crawford and Jno. P. Custis
with me. Stayd all Night.”—Duary.

The expenses of this election, in which Washington
was again successful, are displayed in the accounts as

follows:December] CoLontaAL TRAVELLER 305

Dec. 19. “By Mr. Arroll Balle. of Acct.
to this date £15 12—

By Mr. Lomax getting a Supper

at My Ball the Night of Elec-

tion AES
By Mr. William Shaw providg.
Sundries &ca. for ye Election
& Ball & his own Trouble As LE79
By Mr. Piper’s Charles playg.
Fiddle 12.—”
1772, May 18. “By Mrs. Young for cakes
at ye last Electn. Silke OF Ska

DercempBer 5, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
“Came home in the Afternoon.”—Dnuary.

DrcemBER 9, Monday. ‘Warburton,’ Prince
George County, Maryland.

“Went to meet Govr. Eden at Mr. Willm.
Digges’s, where we dined. In the afternoon the
Govr., Mr. [Benedict] Calvert, Majr. [| William?]
Fleming, Mr. Boucher, Mr. Geo. Digges, and
Doctr. [Joseph] Digges, came over with me.’—
Diary.

DrceMeer 11, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“The Govr. and all the Compy. dined at Colo.
Fairfax’s and returnd in the Afternoon.’—Diuary.

DeceMser 13, Friday. “Warburton.”
“The Governor and other Gentlemen cross’d
over to Mr. Digges’ on their return home. I dined306 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

with them there and came back in the Aftern.”’—

Diary.

Decemsper 25, Wednesday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church with Mrs. Washing-

ton and returnd to Dinner.” —Dzuary.

December 31, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria at the request of
Messrs. Montgomerie, Wilson and Stewart, to
settle with them along with Mr. John [Semple]
(as Exr. of Colo. Thoms. Colvill) for the Mary-
land Tract of Land which they had Purchasd of
Mr. Semple. Staid all Night.”—Diary.

1772

January 1, Wednesday. Alexandria.
‘Upon the same business this day as brought me
to Alexandria yesterday. Came home in the After-

noon.’—Diary.

January 4, Saturday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria with these Gentlemen

to finish the business with Montgomerie, &ca.,

which was accordg. done.”’—Duary.

January 5, Sunday. Mount Vernon.

“Returnd home.’—Duary.
“By my Expens. at Arrells Settling Colo. ColvillsFebruary| CouLontAu ‘TRAVELLER 307

Estate Accts. with ye Assignees of J. Semple £1.17.9.”—
Ledger B, Washington Papers, LC.

JANUARY 14, Tuesday. Belvoir.

“Went to Belvoir with Mrs. Washington, Miss
Custis, and Mr. [Ma]Gowan dind and stayed all
Night.” —Duary.

The Washingtons stayed to dinner at Belvoir on the
15th and returned to Mount Vernon on the evening of
that day.

JANUARY 23, Thursday. Georgetown, Maryland
and Fairfax County, Virginia.

‘Went up to George Town to convey Deeds to
Messrs. Montgomerie, Stewart, and Wilson, for
the Maryland Tract of Land, wch. was accordingly
done, Mrs. Colvil being carried up in my Chariot.
Returnd to Mr. Jno. West’s at Night.”—Dnuary.

JANUARY 24, Friday. Alexandria.
“Went from Mr. West’s to Alexanda. and re-

turnd to Dinner.’—Diuary.

Frepruary 25, Tuesday. Stafford County.

“Set of for Williamsburg, but not being able to
cross Accatinck (which was much Swelled by the
late Rains) I was obliged to return home again.”
—Diary.

This journey was to attend the session of the burgesses

The necessary ten days of travel

in March and April.308 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

to and from Williamsburg were included in Washington’s
account against the Colony. Mrs. Washington and
Patsy Custis accompanied him. The burgesses’ meeting
had been postponed by various prorogations from De-
cember 12, 1771, to February 10, 1772, the last post-
ponements being necessitated by the impassable condition

of most of the roads.

Fresruary 26, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Set off again and reached Colchester by nine
Oclock, where I was detaind all day by high
Winds and low tide.” —Diary.
“By Expences at Colchester 17/10 By Ditto at Dum-
fries 3/.”—Ledger B., op. cit.

Fresruary 27, Thursday. Stafford County and
Fredericksburg.

‘“Crossd early and breakfasted at Dumfries.
Got to Fredericksburg in the afternoon and lodgd
at Colo. Lewis’s.”—Diary.

The accounts show that Washington visited his
mother before crossing to Fredericksburg. “By Ditto
[cash] advanced my Mother on acct. £5.”—Ledger B,

op. cit.

Fesruary 28, Friday. Fredericksburg.

“Stayd all day in Town with my Brother John,
etca. Dined at Colo. Lewis’s and spent the Eve-
ning at Captn. Weedon’s.”—Diary.

Fresruary 29, Saturday. Caroline, King and
Queen and King William Counties.309

 

CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

March |

 

“Pyosecuted my journey. Dined at Caroline
Ct. House and lodged at Todd’s Bridge.’—Diuary.
“By Ferriage at Ruffins 3/.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Marcu 1, Sunday. New Kent County.
“Reachd Colo. Bassett’s from Todd’s Bridge
by 12 Oclock. Stay’d there the remainder of the

day.’ —Dniuary.
j Y

Marcu 2, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Set out for Williamsburg and got in about 12
Oclock. Dined at the Speaker’s and sup’d at the
Treasurer’s.’”—Diuary.

The next day Washington dined and supped at the
Governor’s; on March 4, he dined at the Attorney’s and
spent the evening at the Governor’s; March 5, he dined
at Mrs. Dawson’s and on March 6, he dined and spent

the evening at the Treasurer’s.

Marcu 7, Saturday. New Kent County.

“Took an early Dinner at Mrs. Dawson’s and
went up to Colo, Bassett’s with him in the after-
noon.’—Diuary.

Washington remained at “Eltham” all the next day.

Marcu 9, Monday. Williamsburg.
“Returnd to Williamsburg by 12 Oclock and
Dined at the Club at Mrs. Campbell’s.”—Duary.

On March 10, Washington dined and spent the eve-
ning at the Governor’s palace; on the 11th, he dined310 GrEoRGE WASHINGTON [1772

and spent the evening at the Club at Mrs. Campbell’s;
on the 12th he dined at the Club and went to the play;
on the 13th he dined at the Club and spent the evening
at Southall’s; on the 14th, he dined at the Club and spent
the evening there; on the 15th he dined at the Speaker’s ;
on the 16th he dined at the Club and spent the evening
there; on the 17th he dined at the Club and went to the
play in the afternoon; on the 18th he dined at the Club
and went to the burgesses’ ball in the Capitol; the 19th
he dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and went to the play in the
evening ; on the 20th he dined at Mrs. Ambler’s and spent
the evening at Southall’s and on the 21st he dined at the

Club and spent the evening there.

Marcu 22, Sunday. Gloucester County.

“Went over to Colo. Warner Lewis’s in Glouces-
ter. Dined and Lodged there.”—Diary.

“By Expences in York Town 7/6.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Marcu 23, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Returnd to Williamsburg before 10 Oclock,
and dined at the Club and spent the Evening at
the same.”’—Diary.

On March 24, Washington dined at the Club and spent
the evening at Mr. Anderson’s; on March 25, he dined
at Mr. Lewis Burwell’s and went to the play; on March
26, he dined at the Club and went to the play; on March
27, he dined at the Club and spent the evening at Mrs.
Campbell’s; March 29, he dined at Mrs. Dawson’s;

March 380, he dined and spent the evening at Mrs. Camp-

bell’s and March 31, he did likewise.A pril| CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 311

Aprit 1, Wednesday. Williamsburg.

“Dined and Spent the Evening at Mrs. Camp-
bell’s.”—Duary.

On April 2, Washington did likewise; on April 3, he
dined at Mrs. Campbell’s, went to the play and back to
Mrs. Campbell’s again.

Apri 4, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Took a Cold dinner at Mr. Southall’s and came
up to Eltham in the afternoon.”—Diary.

Aprit 5, Sunday. “Kltham.”
“Went to see Mrs. Dandridge betwn. Breakfast
and Dinner.”—Diary.

Apri 6, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Returnd to Williamsburg; Dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s. Went to the Concert and then to
Mrs. Campbell’s again.” —Diary.

“By a Concert Ticket 6/.”—Ledger B, op. cit. April
7, Washington dined at Mrs. Campbell’s, and went to
the play and then back to Mrs. Campbell’s; April 8, he
dined at Mrs. Campbell’s. On this visit to Williamsburg
Washington, Mrs. Washington and Patsy Custis lodged
at Mrs. Richard Charlton’s: “By Ditto [expenses] for
my Board there [Mrs. Charlton’s] since Ist of March
£11.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Aprit 9, Thursday. New Kent County.
“Took an early Dinner at Southall’s and set of

for Eltham on my return home.”—Duary.

“By Ferriage at Ruffins 3/.”—Ledger B, op. cit..

312 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

Apri. 10, Friday. New Kent, King William
and Caroline Counties.
“With Colo. Bassett, and Lady, and their 3
daughters; set of for Mount Vernon. Dined at
Todd’s Bridge and lodged at Hubbard’s.”—Diary.

Aprit 11, Saturday. Caroline County, Fred-
ericksburg and Stafford.

“Breakfasted at Hubbard’s and dined at Colo.
Lewis’s in Fredericksburg where Colo. Bassett
&ca. lodged—I lodged at my Mothers.”—Diary.

“By Cash left with my Mother to be given to my
Bror. Charles to buy Corn for the upper Quarter on
Rappn. E. Jones’s £8.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

APRIL 12, Sunday. Stafford and Mount Vernon.
“Dined in Dumfries and Reachd home in the
Afternoon.” —Diary.
“By Ferriages at Hunters 1/6.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Apri 20, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court, Colo. Bassett and Jno.
Custis with me. Returned in the afternoon,’—
Diary.

“By Club at Arrells 6/3.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

ApriIL 23, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir with Colo. Bassett and Lady,
and Daughter, Mrs. Washington, and Patcy. Re-May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 313

turnd in the Evening. J. P. Custis dind also.”—
Diary.

Apri 26, Swnday. Pohick Church.

“Colo. Bassett and Mrs. Bassett, Mrs. Washing-
ton and Self, went to Pohick Church and returnd
to Dinr.”—Duary.

May 10, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd home to
Dinner. Mr. Campbell Dined here.’’—Diary.

May 12, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria with Mrs. Washington
and Miss Custis to see Captn. Wood’s ship
Launched. Returnd in the afternoon.”—Diary.

May 14, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir, and returnd in the After-

noon.’—Duary.

May 18, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court and stayed all Night.”—
Diary.

May 19, T'wesday. Mount Vernon.
“Mrs. Barnes came up to Alexandria. I re-
turned home in the afternoon.”—Duary.

May 24, Sunday. Fairfax County.
“Set out after Dinner for Loudon, etca. Reachd
Mr. Fairfax’s and lodgd there.” —Diary.314 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1772

May 25, Monday. Leesburg, Virginia.

“Got to Leesburg to Dinner and stayed all
Night.” —Diary.

“By Expences in a journey to Leesburg 2/.”—Ledger
B, op. cit.

May 27, Wednesday. Fairfax County.

“Set out with Mr. Bryan Fairfax to view some
of his Lands on Goose Creek and Little River.
Lodged at Mr. Charles West’s.”—Diary.

“By Expences at Leesburg £1.9.5.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

May 28, Thursday. Fairfax County.

“Surveyed one of Mr. Fairfax’s Tracts on Little
Rivr., dined at one Jon. Jackson’s, a Tenant of
his, and lodgd again at Mr. Chs. West’s.”—Dhiary.

May 29, Friday. Fairfax County.

“Went up to Mr. Robt. Ashby’s, dined and
lodged there. After dinner went to view some
more of Mr. Fairfax’s Land on Goose Ck. and
Chatten’s R[un].”—Diary.

This tract of six hundred acres on Chattin’s Run
(now in Fauquier near the village of Rectortown) had
been granted in 1742 to Bryan Fairfax’s younger
brother, who, in 1759, was killed in action beside Wolfe
at Quebec, when Bryan inherited as heir-at-law. Wash-
ington bought it after this inspection. “By Ditto at

Robert Ashby’s 13/3.”—Ledger B. op. cit.

May 30, Saturday. Fairfax and _ Frederick
Counties.June | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 315

“Set out early viewd some Land belonging to
Jesse Ball and one Kinnar. Stopd a little while
among my Tenants under the Ridge. Dined at
Snicker’s, and lodged at Mr. Warnr. Washing-
ton’s.”—Duary.

“By Ditto [expenses] at Snickers 4/6.”—Ledger B,
op. cit. Washington stayed at Warner Washington’s
over Sunday.

JuNE 1, Monday. Frederick County.

“Went with Mr. Wr. Washington and Mr.
Willis to my Brother Saml., where we dined and
stayed all Night.” —Diary.

After surveying all day on June 2, Washington re-

turned to Warner Washington’s and stayed there over

June 3.
JUNE 4, Thursday. Fairfax County.

“Set of on my return home. Dined at the
Widow Evan’s and lodged at Mr. Edward
Payne’s.”—Diary.

JuNnE 5, Friday. Pohick Church.

“Met the Vestry at our New Church and came
home in the afternoon.” —Diary.

JuNE 7, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and Return’d to Din-
ner.” —Dhiary.

JUNE 14, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Made a Visit to Lord Fairfax at Belvoir.”—
Diary.316 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

JUNE 16, Twesday. Alexandria.

“I went up to Court and returnd at Night.”—
Diary.

JUNE 21, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Mr. Byrd and I went to Pohick Church and
returnd to Dinner.”—Diary.

This seems to have been one of the sons of the Wil-
liam Byrd, of Westover, who died in 1777.

Juty 7, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went up with Mrs. Washington and Patey
Custis to see Mr. Adam’s new Store. Returnd
before Dinr.””—Diary.

JuLy 16, Thursday. Alexandria.

“Went up in the afternoon with Mrs. W ashing-
ton, J. P. Custis, Miss Custis, and Milly Posey to
a Ball in Alexandria. Lodgd at my House in
Town.”—Diary.

The party returned to Mount Vernon the next day,
in time for dinner.

Juty 19, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Went with Mr. Byrd and J. P. Custis to Po-
hick Church and Dined at Belvoir. Returnd in
the Evening.” —Diary.

JuLy 23, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir and lodged there.”—Diary.August | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER

JuLy 24, Friday. Belvoir.
‘Dined at Belvoir this day also, and returnd in

the Evening,” —Duary.

Avueust 2, Swnday. Pohick Church.

“Went to Pohick Church and Dined with Mrs.
Washington and Patcy Custis at Captn. Mc-
Carty’s. Came home in ye afternn.”—Dnuary.

Aveust 11, Tuesday. Potomac River.

“Went with those Gentlemn. a Fishing, and
Dined undr. the Bank at Colo. Fairfax’s near his
White Ho., found Mrs. Cox here when we re-
turnd.”—Duary.

The gentlemen were Dr. William Rumney, John Kirk-
patrick, who had been Washington’s military secretary
during the French and Indian War, after Braddock’s
defeat, Alexander Balmain and Mr. Presley (?) Cox. The
‘‘White House” on the Belvoir estate was originally the
King’s custom house.

Aveust 17, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court. Stayd all
Night. Dind with Mr. Adam.”—Diary.

Avueust 18, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“In Town all day and Night. Din’d and Suppd
at Arrell’s.”—Duary.
Washington dined at Arrell’s on August 19th and 20th
and attended a ball on the afternoon of the 20th.318 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

Avecust 21, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Dined at Arrell’s again and returnd home after

Dinr.”—Diary.

Aveust 27, Th ursday. ‘““Warburton,” now Prince
George County, Maryland.

“Went with Mrs. Washington and Miss Custis
to Mr, William Digges’s and Dind there, only
Betcy and Jenny Digges at home. Returned in the
afternoon.” —Diary.

SEPTEMBER 4, Friday. Maryland.

“Set out with Mrs. Washington and Miss Custis
(attended by Mr. Custis) on a Visit to Mr.
Boucher, &ca. Breakfasted at Mr. Wm. Digges’s
(the Horses and carriage being got over the day
before) and dined at Mr. Boucher’s with Govr.
Eden and Mr. Calvert, and his two Daughters.” —
Diary.

The Reverend Jonathan Boucher, Saint Anne’s Parish,
Annapolis, Maryland, and Benedict Calvert and his two
daughters, Eleanor and Elizabeth. John Parke Custis
married Eleanor. Washington dined with Mr. Boucher

on September 5, went to church with Governor Eden,
September 6.

SEPTEMBER 7, Monday. ‘Mount Airy,’ Mary-
land.

“Dined at Mr. Calvert’s (going with the Govr.

in his Phaeton and calling at Mr. Sprigs.) Mr.September] CoLoNiAL TRAVELLER 319

Igns. Digges and Family dind here also. We
lodgd, they retd.”—Diary.

Mr. Thomas Sprigg, near Annapolis. The Washing-
tons stayed at Mount Airy over September 8.

SEPTEMBER 9, Wednesday. Charles County, now
Prince George.

“We dined at Mr. Igns. Digges with a good
deal of Compa, among whom Mr. Calvert’s
D{[aughte]rs, he himself going to Annapolis.”—
Diary.

The Washingtons remained at Ignatius Digges’ over
the 10th.

SEPTEMBER 11, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Returnd home by the way of Mr. William
Digges’s, where we Dined and where my Boats
met us.’ —Dhuary.

SEPTEMBER 14, Monday. Stafford County.

“Set out for Fredericksburg about 7 Oclock;
Dined and Fed my Horses at Peyton’s on Acquia
and reachd Fredericksburg abt. Dusk. Lodgd at
my Mother’s.”—Diary.

This visit to Fredericksburg was to attend the meet-
ing of the officers of the old Virginia regiment, to settle
the survey of the lands granted them for their service

in the French and Indian War, under the proclamation

of 1762.

SEPTEMBER 15, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“Rid to my two Plantations on the River and320 GrEoRGE WASHINGTON [1772

returnd to Mr. Lewis’s to Dinner. Spent the
uiveng. at Weedon’s.”—Diary.

These plantations were on the north side of the Rap-
pahannock in King George County. The Virginia of-
ficers met at Weedon’s this day; the business was finished
at another meeting held on November 23. On September
16, Washington dined at his brother Charles’ place and

spent the evening at Colonel Fielding Lewis’.

SEPTEMBER 16, Wednesday. Stafford and Mount
Vernon.

“Set of on my return home. Dined at Dumfries
and reachd home abt. Dusk. Found Mrs. French
and her Daughter and Miss Molly Manly here.” —
Diary.

SEPTEMBER 21, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Court at Alexa. and Dined at Ar-
rel’s, and Supped at Arrel’s. Lodged at my own
House.”’—Diary.

Washington stayed in Alexandria over September 22;

dined and supped at Arrell’s.

SEPTEMBER 23, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“In Alexandria till the afternoon. Dined at
Arrel’s and came home with Colo. Fairfax and
Val Crawford.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 24, Thursday. Fairfax County.
“Went with Colo. Fairfax to Survey CharlesCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 321

 

October |

 

West’s land, wch. I finished a little before Night.
Mr. Bryan Fairfax came here.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 25, Friday. Pohick Run.
“Rid with Mr. Bryan Fairfax to look at some
Land of his on Pohick.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 26, Saturday. Fairfax County.
“Went and resurveyed West’s Land—some mis-
take happening the first time. ’—Diuary.

SEPTEMBER 27, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Set of for Pohick Church and got almost there,
when word was brought that Mr. Massey was sick.
Returnd.”—Dnvary.

SEPTEMBER 30, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Went to Colo. Fairfax’s and Dined. Returnd

in the Eveng.”—Duary.

Ocroser 4, Sunday. Ann Arundel County.
“Set of for the Annapolis Races. Dined and
lodged at Mr. Boucher’s.”—Duary.

OcrosEr 5, Monday. Annapolis.

“Reachd Annapolis. Dined at the Coffee House
with the Jocky Club and lodgd at the Govrs. after
going to the Play.”—Duary.

“By Ferriage over So. River is 6d.”—Cash Memoran-
dum Book. John Parke Custis accompanied Washington
to the races. October [5]. “By sundry Tickets to the322 GEORGE WASHINGTON Blige.

Plays there £1:0:07? “By Do... Do... to the Hall
Do. 12s.” October 10, “By lost on the Races £1.6.0.”
—Ledger B, op. cit. On October 6, Washington dined at
Major Jenifer’s, went to the ball and supped at the Govy-
ernor’s; on October 7, he dined at the Governor’s and
went to the play; October 8, he dined at Colonel Lloyd’s
and went to the play, October 9, dined at Mr. Ridout’s,
went to the play and to the Governor’s for supper and on
October 10, dined at Charles Carroll’s, of Carrollton
and from there went to Mr. Boucher’s where he arrived

about eight p. m.

Ocroser 11, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“Got home to a late Dinner. Jno. Parke Custis

came with me.”—Duary.

OcroBerR 13, Twesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria and returnd home to

Dinner.” —Driary.

OcroBer 18, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir and returnd.’”—Duary.

Octoser 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court at Alexa. Returnd in the
afternoon.’—Dhiary.

OctoBer 21, Wednesday. Stafford County.

“Set of for Williamsburg. Dined at Colchester
and lodgd in Dumfries; Mrs. Washington, Mr. and
Miss Custis with me.’”—Duary.

This trip was undertaken principally on the land-
grant business of the Virginia officers. There was noOctober | CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 323

 

session of the burgesses from April, 1772, until March,
1773.

OctToser 21. “By my travelling expens. to Wil-
liamsbure) £3:15.0. ’ Mr Custis's . . - Ditto to
Ditto £1.0.8. Miss Custis’s . . . Ditto to Ditto
12s. 9d.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

OctToBeER 22, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“Reachd Fredericksburg to Dinner. Lodged at
Colo. Lewis’s.”—Diary.

OcTOBER 22. “By a year’s and 3 Months Ferriage
at ye lower Ferry on Rappa. oppe. my Mothers.
12s. 6d.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

OcroBer 23, Friday. Caroline and King and
Queen Counties.

“Dined at Caroline Court House and reachd

Hubbard’s in the Afternoon. Foundered two of
my Horses.”—Diary.

OcrosBer 24, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Reachd Todd’s Bridge to Breakfast, and Colo
Bassett’s in the Evening.” —Dhiary.

OcroBER 25, Sunday. “Kltham,’ New Kent
County.
“Assisting Crawford with his Surveys.” —Diary.
Captain William Crawford. The surveys of lands on
the Ohio, granted to the Virginia officers and men for324 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

their services in the French and Indian War. The as-
sistance given by Washington was the plotting and
drafting of the various claims from Crawford’s survey
notes. Most of these plats, drawn by Washington, are
in the Washington Papers, in the Library of Congress.
In November, Washington enters in his cash account a
payment of £20.16.0. to Mr. Everard, on the 20th, for
fees for patenting the 200,000 acres of land claimed by
the Virginia soldiers, and on December 4 he sent
Everard an extra fee of £5 to hasten the patents
through. Washington remained at “Eltham” until the
end of the month and was busy with Crawford until the
30th. On the 31st he went fox-hunting and remained
at “Eltham” all of November 1.

NovEMBER 2, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Went to Williamsburg in Company with Captn.
Crawford. Dined at Southall’s and went to Mr.
Baylor’s Ball in the Evening.”’—Diary.

November 3, Washington breakfasted, dined and
supped at the Governor’s; on the 4th he dined at the
Speaker’s and supped at Mrs. Vobe’s. On November 5,
he dined with the Council.

NoveMBer 6, Friday. “Eltham,” New Kent
County.
“Took a Cold Cut at Southall’s. Went up to
Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

Washington remained at “Eltham,”

working over the
land grant plats, with Captain Crawford until Novem-

ber 10.November] CoLoniAL ‘TRAVELLER 325

NoveMBER 10, Tuesday. New Kent.

“Rid up with Mr. [James] Hill to Rockahock,
and Plantations in New Kent, and returnd, after
Dining with Mrs. Chamberlayne, to Colo. Bassett’s
at Night. Mr. Custis went with me.’—Duary.

Novemser 11, Wednesday. King Willam
County.
“Went with Mr. Custis over to Claiborne’s and
returnd to Dinnr.’’—Duary.

NoveMBER 12, Thursday. Williamsburg.

“Went to Williamsburg with Mrs. Washing-
ton, Mr. and Miss Custis. Lodged at Mrs. Am-
bler’s; also dined there and spent the Evening at
Mrs. Vobe’s.’—Diary.

On November 13, Washington dined at Mrs. Daw-
son’s and went to a ball in the Apollo room, of the Ral-
eigh tavern; on November 14, he dined with Mrs. Ambler
and spent the evening at the Coffee House; November
15, he dined and spent the evening at the Speaker’s;
November 16, he dined at Mrs. Ambler’s and, after vis-
iting Colonel Bassett at Mrs. Dawson’s, returned to

Mrs. Ambler’s for the evening.

NoveMsBer 17, Twesday. Williamsburg.
“Rid to the Plantations under Mr. Hill near
Town, and dined at Southall’s.”—Dniary,

On November 18, Washington spent the evening at
Anderson’s and on the 19th, he dined at Mrs. Dawson’s.326 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1772

NovEMBeER 20, Friday. “Eltham,” New Kent.
“Set out about two Oclock for Colo. Bassett’s.”
—Diary.
Washington lodged at Mr. Charlton’s during his stay
in Williamsburg, on this trip. He paid him £4.10.0 on
this day.

November 21, Saturday. King William County.

“Left Colo. Bassett’s on my return home. Dined
at King William Court House and lodgd at Mr.
Hubbard’s.”—Diary.

NOVEMBER 22, Sunday. Caroline County and
Fredericksburg.
“Breakfasted at Hubbard’s, and reachd Fred-
ericksburg about 4 Oclock. Lodgd at Colo.
Lewis’s.”—Diary.

Novemser 23, Monday. Fredericksburg.

“At Fredericksburg, attending the Intended
meeting of Officers at Captn. Weeden’s.”—Diary.

The business consumed all of this day and of Novem-
ber 24. Presumably, Washington, who had been ap-
pointed as attorney by all the officers, reported the situ-
ation as to the platting and recording of the patents,
in Williamsburg. The articles of agreement between
Washington and the officers as to the further prosecu-
tion of the claims were sold at an auction sale of auto-
graphs, in New York, in 1926. Washington stayed in
Fredericksburg over the 26th.December] CoLontaAL TRAVELLER 327

NovemMBrER 26, Thursday. King George County.
“Rid over the River to my Plantations, and ex-
amined the Land at the upper place.”—Diary.

NovEeMBER 27, Friday. Stafford County.
“Set of from Fredericksburg and reachd Colo.
Henry Lee’s where we lodged.”—Diary.

Washington stayed at Lee’s over the 28th.

NovEMBER 29, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“Reachd home to Dinner.” —Diary.

DrceMBer 21, Monday. “Warburton” (now
Prince Georges County, Maryland).

“The whole went over to Mr. Digges’s. Mrs.
Washington, myself, &ca., went with them and
stayd all Night.”—Daiary.

The guests at Mount Vernon, who went to “War-
burton” were Governor Eden, John Parke Custis and
George Digges, Reverend Jonathan Boucher, his wife

and sister, Mr. William Digges and his four daughters

and Mr. Baldwin Buckner.

Dercemper 22, Twesday. Alexandria.

“Returnd home early in the Morning, and went
up to Alexa. to Court. Came back in the aftern.”
—Diary.

DECEMBER 25, Friday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-
ner.” —Dhiary.GEORGE WASHINGTON

1773

January 1, Friday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir and returnd in the afternoon.”
—Diary.

JaNnuARY 4, Monday. Alexandria.

“Lord Sterling and Captn. [Edward] Foy set
out after Breakfast for the Northward thro Alexa.,
to which place I accompanied them.”—Diuary.

JANUARY 14, Thursday. Alexandria.
“I rid up to Alexandria. Dind with Mr. Robt.
Adam and returnd.”—Diary.

Frsruary 9, Tuesday. Fairfax County.
“After an early Dinner I set of to Mr. Robt.
Alexander’s upon Fox hunting Party.”—Diary.
The fox hunt party continued on February 10 and
iL:

Fepruary 11, Thursday. Fairfax County.

“Found a fox in the same place again [Mr. Phil.
Alexander’s Island], which was killd at the end
of 6 hours; after wch I came home.”—Diary.

Frsruary 15, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Court, and Returnd again in the
Afternoon.”’—Dhiary.March]

   

Marcu 2, Twesday.

“Set of for Williamsburg abt. 8 Oclock. Dined
at Portobacco and Lodged at Laidler’s.”—Diuary.

To attend the session of the House of Burgesses. Mrs.
Washington and Patsy Custis went with him. “1773,
Mar. To my Attendance in March Session. £5.10. To
10 travelling days £5. To Ferriages going & Coming
£1.12.6. March 2. By Exps. at Portobacco. 5s. By
Ditto at Laidlers. 6s.
By Ditto at Port Royal. 1s. 6d. [Mar.] 3. By Exps.
at Buckners, 3s. 9d.
Bridge. 8s. 9d. By Ferriages at Ruffins. 3s.”—Ledger
B, op. cit.

CoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER

Fesruary 16, T'wesday. Alexandria.
“Went up again this Day also and returnd in
the afternoon.” —Diuary.

Frsruary 17, Wednesday. Belvoir.
“Went to Colo. Fairfax’s to Dinner and returnd
again in the afternoon.’—Duary.

Charles County, Maryland.

By Ferriage at Ditto. 9s. 6d.

[Mar.] 4 By Ditto at Todds

Marcu 3, Wednesday. King George, Essex and

King and Queen Counties.
“Breakfasted at Port Royal, and Supped and

Willhamsburg.

Lodged at Todd’s Bridge.”—Duary.

Marcu 4, Thursday. King William County and

“Dined at Doncastle’s, and got to Williamsburg

abt. half an hour by Sun.

Lodgd at Mr. Charl-330 GrEORGE WASHINGTON [1773

ton’s, spending the Eveng. in my own Room alone.”
—Diary.

On March 5, Washington dined at the Speaker’s and
spent the evening there; March 6, he dined at the Treas-
urer’s and spent the evening at Mrs. Campbell’s; March
7, dined at the Governor’s and spent the evening at Mrs.
Campbell’s, March 8, dined and spent the evening at
Mrs. Campbell’s; March 9, he dined at the Attorney’s ;
March 10, dined at Mrs. Campbell’s and spent the eve-

ning there; March 11 and 12, the same.

Marcu 13, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Dined no where, but reachd Colo. Bassett’s in
the Afternoon on my return home.”—Diary.
“By Board at Mr. Charlton’s durg. ye Session. £2.0.0.”
Miss Custis, apparently lodged at Miss Davenport’s, and
Mrs. Washington stayed with her.

Marcu 14, Sunday. King William County.

“Set off about 10 Oclock. Dind at King Wil-
ham Court House and lodgd at Todd’s Bridge.”
—Diary.

Marcu 15, Monday. Caroline County and
“Chotank.”’

“Breakfasted at Port Royal about 12 Oclock,

and lodgd at Mr. Lawe. Washington’s.”—Diary.

Marcu 16, Tuesday. Charles County, Maryland
and Mount Vernon.

“Breakfasted in Port Tobacco and reachd home

abt. 4 oclock in the afternoon.”—Diary.A pril | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 331

Marcu 23, Tuesday. “Warburton,” Maryland.
“Went over to Mr. Wm. Digges’s to Dinner, to

meet Govr. Eden who with Mr. Calvert, Mr.

Digges, Mr. Geo. Digges and Mr. Custis returnd

with me.” —Dhiary.

Marcu 24, Wednesday. Mount Vernon and
“Warburton.”
“At home with those Gentlemen till the Eve-
ning, when we went to Mr. Digges’s again.”"—
Diary.

Washington remained at “Warburton” over March 26.

Marcu 27, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd home to Breakfast.” —Diary.

Marcu 28, Sunday. Fairfax County.

“Went with Mr. Dulany and Mr. Digges, &ca.,
to Dine with Mr. Benj. Dulany at Mrs. French’s.
Returnd again in the afternoon.”—Duary.

Apri 2, Friday. Alexandria.
~ “Went up to Alexandria to the Genl. Muster
and returnd in the afternoon.’—Duary.

The general muster of Fairfax militia was, usually,

held at Cameron.

Apri 11, Sunday. Pohick Church.
‘Went to Pohick Church with Mrs. Washington
and Mr. Custis, and returnd to Dinner.”’—Duary.332 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1773

Aprit 12, Monday. Ann Arundel County, Mary-
land.
“Set of for Annapolis with Mr. Custis. Dined
and lodgd at Mr. Boucher’s with Govr. Eden and
others.” —Diary.

APRIL 13, Tuesday. Annapolis.

“Got to Annapolis. Dind and Lodgd at the
Governor’s, where I also Supped.””—Diary.

The next day, Washington dined and supped at Mr.
Lloyd Dulany’s and lodged at the Governor’s.

Aprit 15, Thursday. Annapolis.

“Dined at Colo. Sharpe’s and Returnd to An-
napolis. Supd and Lodgd at the Governor’s.”—
Diary.

This seems to have been Horatio Sharpe, formerly
Lieutenant-Governor of the Province, who resided a short
distance from Annapolis. The next day (April 16)
Washington dined and supped at Daniel Dulany’s and

lodged at the Governor’s.

Apri. 17, Saturday. “Mount Airy,” Maryland.
“Left Annapolis. Dined and lodgd at Mr.
[ Benedict] Calvert’s.”—Diary.

APRIL 18, Swnday. Mount Vernon.

~Reachd home to Dinner after passing through
Piscataway 'Town.”—Diary.

On Piscataway Creek, Prince George County, Mary-

land.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

 

Aprit 20, Tuesday. Belvoir.
“Dined at Belvoir with Mrs. Washington and
Patcy Custis. Returnd in the afternoon.”—Diary.

May 2, Sunday. Belvoir.
“Went to Belvoir and dined. Returned in the
Afternoon.’—Dniary.

May 3, Monday. “Gunston Hall.”
“Went by the Church to Colo. Mason’s, where
I dined and Returnd in the Afternoon.” —Duary.

May 10, Monday. “Mount Airy.”

“Set out on my journey for New York. Lodgd
at Mr. Calvert’s.”—Duary.

To place John Parke Custis in King’s College, now
Columbia University, New York City. The total ex-
pense of this exclusive of the amount given to young
Custis, which, of course, came from the Custis estate,
was £40.11.5. Governor Thomas Eden apparently ac-
companied Washington as far as Philadelphia to attend

the races there.

May 11, Twesday. Prince George County, Mary-
land.

“Breakfasted at Mr. Igns. Digges’s. Dind at
the Coffee Ho. in Annapolis and lodgd at the
Govr’s.”—Diuary.

Washington remained in Annapolis, at the Governor’s,
over the 12th.334 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1778

May 13, Thursday. Chestertown, Maryland.

“After Breakfast and abt. 8 Oclock, set out for
Rockhall where we arrivd in two hours and 25
Minutes. Dind on Board the Annapolis at Ches-
ter Town, and Supped and lodgd at Ringold’s.”

Diary.

Rock Hall on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, Kent
County. The Annapolis packet ferry ran across Chesa-
peake Bay from Annapolis to Rock Hall. Chestertown
was county seat of Kent County, about a dozen miles
from Rock Hall, and Thomas Ringgold lived near Ches-

a

tertown.

May 14, Friday. Maryland, Eastern Shore.
“ Stopd at George Town on Sassafras, and dind
and lodgd at Mr. DI. Heath’s.”—Diary.

May 15, Saturday. Delaware.
“Dined at Newcastle [Delaware] and lodgd at
Wilmington.” —Diary.

May 16, Sunday. Philadelphia.

“Breakfasted at Chester and Dined at Govr.
[Richard] Penn’s in Philadelphia.”—Diary.

On May 17, Washington dined again at Governor
Penn’s and spent the evening at the Jockey Club. May
18, he dined with several] gentlemen at his own lodgings
and attended the Philadelphia Assembly ball in the eve-
ning. May 19, he dined at the Governor’s and spent
the evening at John Allan’s. May 20, he dined withCoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 835

 

May |

John Cadwalader and went to the ball. May 21, he
dined with Samuel Meredith and spent the evening at
James Mease’s. May 22, he dined at Robert Morris’s
and spent the evening at the Club.

May 23, Sunday. New Jersey.

“Set out for New York with Lord Sterling,
Majr. [Robert] Bayard and Mr. Custis, after
Breakfasting with Govr. Penn. Dind with Govr.
[William] Franklin at Burlington and lodgd at
Trenton.’—Duary.

May 24, Monday. New Jersey.

“Breakfasted at Princeton. Dined at Bound
Brooke, and Reachd Lord Sterling’s at Basking
Ridge in the Afternoon.”’—Diary.

Washington remained at Basking Ridge over the 25th

and drank tea at Peter Kimball’s on this last date.

May 26, Wednesday. New York City.

“Din’d at Elizabeth Town, and reach’d New
York in the Evening weh. I spent at Hull’s Tavern.
Lodgd at a Mr. Farmer’s.”—Duary.

Hull’s Tavern was the old “Province Arms,” later
known as “Cape’s Tavern.” It was on the northwest
corner of Thames and Broadway. Farmer seems to have

been Samuel Farmer.

May 27, Thursday. New York City.

‘“Din’d at the Entertainment given by the Citi-
zens of New York to Genl. Gage.’—Diuary.
This was a testimonial dinner to General Thomas336 GrorRGE WASHINGTON [1773

Gage, who was popular in the Colonies before trouble
broke out in Boston. Washington and Gage had served
together under Braddock. On May 28 Washington
dined with James De Lancey and went to the play in
the afternoon and to Hull’s tavern in the evening. May
29, he dined with Major Bayard and spent the evening
with the Old Club at Hull’s. May 30, he dined with

General Gage.

May 31, Monday. New Jersey.

“Set out on my return home. Dined with Captn.
Kennedy near New Ark and lodgd at Amboy.”
—Dhiary.

JUNE 1, Tuesday. New Jersey and Bristol, Penn-
sylvania.
 Breakfasted at Brunswick on the Banks of the
Rariton, dind at Princeton, and lodgd at Bristol.”
—Diary.

JuNE 2, Wednesday. Philadelphia.

“Got to Philadelphia by Nine Oclock to my old
lodging. Dind at my lodgings and Spent the Eve-
ning there.” —Diary.

JUNE 3, Thursday. Philadelphia.

“Rid to the Meadows along the River before
breakfast. Abt. 11 Oclock left Phila. dind at the
Sorrel Horse 13 Miles from it, and lodgd at the
Ship Tavern 34 [miles] off.” —Diary.

Sorrel Horse Tavern, on the old Lancaster road, is

now the residence of George H. McFadden. The ShipCoLONIAL ‘TRAVELLER 337

 

June |

 

Tavern, five miles from Warren, Pennsylvania, was the
second Ship Tavern; the first was about a mile or so

from the location of the second.

June 4, Friday. Wancaster, Pennsylvania.

“Breakfasted at the Sign of the Bull, 13 Miles
from the Ship; dind at Lancaster, 19 Miles fur-
ther, and lodgd at Wright’s Ferry, 10 Miles from
Lancaster.” —Duary.

JunE 5, Saturday. Pennsylvania.

“Breakfasted in York Town. Dind at the Sign
of the Buck, 14 miles from Yk., weh is 12 Miles
from Wright’s Ferry, and lodgd at Sutton’s, 15
M. from the Buck.’—Duary.

Buck Tavern at Haverford, Pennsylvania, was built
in 1735. It is now the residence of D. C. Martin.
Wright’s Ferry on the Susquehannah River was run by
John Wright between Columbia, in Lancaster, and what
is now Wrightsville, in York County.

JUNE 6, Sunday. Baltimore.
“Breakfasted at Slade’s, 10 Miles from Sutton’s,
and dind and lodgd at Baltimore Town.’—Duary.

Junre 7, Monday. “Mount Airy.”
“Breakfasted at Widow Ramsay’s, 15 Miles

> 99

from Baltimore, and lodgd at Mr. Calvert's. —
Diary.338 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1773

JUNE 8, Tuesday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Reach’d home to Dinner about two Oclock.”—

Diary.

JuNE 9, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria and returnd in the

Afternoon.” —Diuary.

JUNE 13, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up with Miss Reed, etca., to Alexa.
Church. Returnd to Dinner.’—Duary.

JUNE 29, Tuesday. Belvoir.
“Went with Mrs. Washington and Dind at Bel-
voir. Returnd in the Afternoon.’—Dvuary.

Jury 9, Friday. Belvoir.

“Mrs. Washington and self went to Belvoir to
see them [Colonel and Mrs. Fairfax] take Ship-
ping.” —Diary.

Colonel George William Fairfax had inherited some
property in England and was leaving to look after it.

He did not return to America.

Juty 14, Wednesday. Pohick Church.
“Rid with the two Miss Calverts and Mrs.
Washington to the New Church at Pohick.”—

Diary.

Jury 17, Saturday. Below Belvoir on the Po-

tomac.August | CoLoNIAL 'TRAVELLER 339

“Went down to Colo. Fairfax’s White House to
haul the Sein, returnd to Dinner.’—Duary.

JuLy 20, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“T went up to Alexandria and returnd in the
Eveng.”—Diary.

JuLY 24, Saturday. “Warburton.”

“Mr. Calvert came here to Breakfast, after wch.
Mrs. Washington, the two Miss Calverts, and My-
self went over with him to Mr. Digges and dind.
Nelly Calvert returnd with Mrs. Washington and
myself in ye. afternoon.” —Duary.

Jury 25, Sunday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria Church and returnd
to Dinner.” —Duary.

Christ Church.

JuLy 30, Friday. “Mount Airy.”

“Mrs. Washington, Miss Nelly Calvert, and my-
self went to Mount Airy (Mr. Calvert’s) to Din-
ner.’ —Dhiary.

The Washingtons remained at “Mount Airy” over
August 1.

Avucust 2, Monday. Prince George County,
Maryland.

“Dined at Mr. Igns. Digges’s and returnd to

Mr. Calvert’s in the afternoon.” —Diary.340 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1773

Aveust 3, Twesday. “Warburton.”
“Dined at Mr. Willm. Digges’s and got home in
the afternoon.”—Diary.

Aveust 8, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexa. Church and returnd to
Dinner.” —Diary.

Aveust 14, Saturday. Pohick Church.
“Rid to an intended meeting of Vestry at the
New Church.”—Diary.

Aveust 16, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria being Court day, re-
turnd in the afternoon.” —Diary.

Aveusr 22, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Church at Alexandria and returned
to Dinner.” —Diary.

Aveust 26, Thursday. “Warburton.”

“Went over (to dinner) to Mr. Digges’s to meet
Govr. Eden, etca.; kept there all Night by Rain.”
—Diary.

Avucust 27, Friday. “Warburton” and Mount
Vernon.

“Govr. Eden, Captn. Ellis, Mr. Danl. Dulany
and Mr. George Digges, as also Miss Nelly Cal-
vert, Miss Tracy Digges and Mrs. Jenny Digges,
came over with me to Dinr., also came Mr. Ben.September] CoLoniAL TRAVELLER 341

Dulany and Mr. Tilghman—all of whom stayd
all Night.” —Duary.

SrepremBer 1, Wednesday. “Warburton.”
“Went with Mrs. Washington and Nelly Calvert
to Mr. Digges’s. Din’d and returnd in the

afternn.”—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 2, Thursday. Belvoir.
“Rid to Belvoir, Mill, and Mill Plantation.”—

Diary.

Serremser 4, Saturday. Accotinck.
“Went with Mr. [Walter] Magowan, etca. to
the Barbicue at Accatinck.”’—Duary.

SEPTEMBER 5, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up with him and Miss Nelly Calvert to
Alexa. Church. Returnd to Dinner.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 18, Saturday. Accotinck.

‘Went to a Barbicue of my own giving at Ac-
eatinck. Mr. Robt. Alexander and his Bror.
George came home with me.”—Diary.

SEPTEMBER 20, Monday. Alexandria.
“I went up to Court, and returnd in the after-
noon.’ —Dhuary.

SEPTEMBER 26, Sunday. Annapolis, Maryland.
“T set of for Annapolis Races. Dined at Rol-342 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1773

lin’s and got into Annapolis between five and six
Oclock. Spent the Evening and lodged at the
Governor’s.’”—Diary.

On September 27 and 28, Washington dined at the
Governor’s and went to the play afterward and on the
28th also went to a ball in the evening; September 29, he
dined at Mr. Spriggs’ and went to the play; September
30, he dined at Mr. Ridout’s and spent the evening at
Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer’s.

Ocroser 1, Friday. Annapolis.
“Still at Annapolis. Dined with Mr. [Benja-
min] Ogle. Spent the Evening at the Governor’s.”

—Dhiary.

OctoBer 2, Saturday. Maryland and Mount
Vernon.

“Set of on my return home. Dined at Marl-
borough and lodged at home, Mr. Custis coming
with me.” —Diary.

“By Travellg. Exps. to and from the Annapolis
Races £4.16.10. By Sundry Play Tickets £3.6. By a
Ticket to the Ball 6s. By Cards & Racing £3.16. By
Servants £1.15.3; equals £14.0.1. By Cash pd. for
Mr. Custis’s Exps. there £3.0.0.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Ocroser 10, Swnday. Pohick Church.
*Mr. Tilghman went with Mrs. Washington and
{ to Pohick Church and returnd with us.” —Diary.

Octoser 19, Tuesday. Stafford County.
“Mr. Willis and my Brother [Charles] set ofOctober | CoLoNIAL ‘TRAVELLER 343

home, as Mrs. Washington, Mr. Custis and myself
did for Wmsburg—dining at Colchester and lodg-
ing at Colo. Blackburn’s.”—Diuary.

This Williamsburg trip was a business one. John
Parke Custis would soon attain his majority, when his
share of the Custis estate, increased by that of his de-
ceased sister Patsy, would come under his control. The
trip was partly to show young Custis the extent of his
possessions in the vicinity of Williamsburg. The entry
in Ledger B, under October 27, notes a cash fee of
one pound to Colonel Edmund Pendleton for “moving for
Settlemt. of my Guardianship acct.” The accounts in
Ledger B show that Eleanor Calvert accompanied the
party.

Colonel Blackburn was Richard Blackburn, of ‘‘Rip-
pon Lodge,” in Prince William, a short distance below

the Occoquan Ferry.

OcrosEr 20, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.
‘Dined at Acquia and lodged at Colo. Lewis's
in Fredg.’”—Diuary.
Washington visited his mother before crossing over
to Fredericksburg. “By Cash paid my Mother £15.”—
Ledger B, op. cit.

Ocroser 21, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“Rid to my Plantation at the little Falls. Dind
and supd at Colo. Lewis’s.”—Duary.

OcroBer 22, Friday. Caroline County.
“Dined at Caroline Ct. House and lodged at
Hubbard’s.”—Diary.344 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1773

OcrosBer 23, Saturday. “Eltham.”
“Breakfasted at Todd’s Bridge and reachd
Colo. Bassett’s in the Afternoon.”—Diary.

Washington stayed at “Eltham” until the 25th.
§ i

OctoseEr 26, Twesday. Williamsburg.
“Went to Williamsburg. Dined at the Raleigh,
and supped at the Coffee House.”—Diary.
October 27, he dined at the Governor’s; October 28,
he dined at the Speaker’s; October 29, dined at Mrs.
Dawson’s.

Ocroser 30, Saturday. “Eltham.”
~Returnd to Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

Washington remained at “Eltham,” over the 31st.

NovEMBER 1, M onday.

“Went to Williamsburg after Dinner. Spent
the Evening in my own Room.”—Diary.

November 2, he dined at the Attorney’s ; November
3, he dined at Mrs. Dawson’s; November 4, he dined at
the Speaker’s and spent the evening at Southall’s.

NoveMBER 5, Friday. “Eltham.”
“Took an Early Dinner and came up to Colo.
Bassett’s afterwards.”—Diary.

Washington remained at Bassett’s over the 10th. On
November 7, he dined at Mrs. Dangerfield’s.

NovemsBer 8, Monday. King and Queen and
King William Counties.
“Went over to see Mr. Black’s Land in KingNovember| CoLoNtAL TRAVELLER 345

and Queen and King William. Dined at Colo.
B[ernard] Moore’s and returnd to Colo. Bassett’s
in the Evg.”—Duary.

William Black, who owned a plantation called “Woro-
monroke,” in King and Queen County. Washington
bought this plantation of him December 4, for John
Parke Custis. The price paid was £6375.

Novemser 11, Thursday. “Westover,” on the
James.
“Went to Westover with Colo. Bassett and Mr.
Custis. Dind at New Kent Court House in our
way there.”—Dnuary.

NoveMBeER 12, Friday. Charles City County.
“Dined at Westover, Riding to Colo. Harrison’s
Mills in the forenoon.”—Diary.

NovemsBer 13, Saturday. Charles City County.

“Rid with Colo. Burd to see Shirly. Dined at
Berkley and Returnd to Westover at Night.”—
Diary.

NoveMser 14, Sunday. “Eltham.”
“Returnd to Colo. Bassett’s to Dinner.” —Diary.

NoveMBER 16, Tuesday. New Kent County.
“Went with Mrs. Washington and Mr. Custis

to Mr. Burbidge’s to see Mr. Bat Dandridge.

Stayd all Night.”—Diary.346 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1773

NoveMBER 17, Wednesday. “Eltham.”
“After Dinner returnd to Colo. Bassett’s.”—
Diary.

NovEMBER 18, Thursday.

“Went to my Plantation in King William, and
with Mr. Custis over Black’s Land ecalld Waro-
monroke.”—Diary.

NovEMBER 19, Friday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Williamsburg with Colo. Bassett.
Spent the Eveng at the Coffee House.”—Diary.

November 20, Washington dined at Mrs. Dawson’s
and spent the evening at the Coffee House; November
21, he dined at the Speaker’s. November 22, dined at
Southall’s and spent the evening at the Coffee House;
November 23, he dined with [John], Earl of Dunmore
at his farm and spent the evening at Anderson’s;
November 24 he again dined at the Speaker’s and
spent the evening at the Coffee House; November 25,
dined at Southall’s and spent the evening at the Coffee
House; November 26, he, again, dined at Southall’s.
NovEMBER 27, Saturday. “Eltham.”

“Dined at Southall’s and came up to Colo. Bas-
sett’s in the afternoon.” —Diary.

Washington remained at “Eltham” over Sunday,
the 28th.
NovEMBER 29, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Went to Williamsburg again and Dined at
Southall’s, spend[in]g the Evening at the Coffee
House.” —Diary.

On November 30, he again dined at Southall’s andDecember] CoLoNntAL 'TRAVELLER 347

spent the evening at Anderson’s. December 1, he dined
at Mrs. Dawson’s; December 2, dined at Southall’s and
spent the evening at Mrs. Campbell’s; December 3, he
dined at the Treasurer’s.

DercreMBER 4, Saturday. “Eltham.”

“Din’d at Southall’s and reachd Colo. Bassett’s
in the Afternoon.”—Diary.

Washington stayed at “Eltham” until December 6.

DecemBer 6, Monday. King William and Caro-
line Counties.
“Set out on my return home. Dined at King
Wm. Court Ho. and lodged at Hubbard’s.”—
Diary.

Dercemser 7, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.

“Breakfasted at Caroline Ct. House and reachd
Fredg. abt. 4 Oclock. Lodgd at Colo. Lewis’s.”—
Diary.

December 8, Wednesday. King George County.
“Breakfasted with my Mother and lodgd at
Dumfries.” —Diary.
“By Cash to my Mother in Fredg. £30.”—Ledger B,
op. cit.
Decemser 9, Thursday. Stafford County.
“Breakfasted at Dumfries and reachd home to
Dinner.” —Diary.

DrceMBeR 20, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to Court. Returnd in
the Eveng.”—Diary.CHAPTER XI

 

FAMILY AFFAIRS
1774

JANUARY 17, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexa. to Court. Dind at Arrel’s.
Suppd at Mrs. Hawkins and came home after-
wards. ’—Diary.

“By Club at Mrs. Hawkins and Fireworks 15/3.”—
Ledger B, op. cit.

Frsruary 3, Thursday. “Mount Airy.”

“Set out after an early Dinner (with Lund
Washington) for Mr. Calvert’s, to Mr. Custis’s
Wedding, who was this Eveng. married to Miss
Nelly Calvert.” —Diary.

Frsruary 5, Saturday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Returnd home to a late Dinner.” —Diary.

Frsruary 7, Monday. Pohick Church.

“Went with Mrs. Washington and Nancy Car-
lyle by the New Church to Captn. McCarty’s.
Dind there and came home in the Afternoon.”—
Diary.

Frpruary 15, Tuesday. Pohick Church.
“I went to a vestry at the New Church and re-

turnd in the Aftern.”—Diary.
348March] CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 349

Frsruary 24, Thursday. Pohick Church.
“Went a huntg. in the Morning and from thence
to the vestry.”

 

Diary.

Marcu 8, T'wesday. Fairfax County.

“I set of for Berkley, etca., and to meet Mr.
James Mercer at Bull run, on a divn. of the Land
between him and his Brothers. Dined at Moss’s
and lodgd at Leesburg.”—Diary.

Bull Run, the dividing line of what is now Prince
William and Fairfax Counties. ‘The same stream on
which the first important battle of the Civil War took
place.

Marcu 9, Wednesday. Berkeley County.
“Dined at Snickers’s and lodgd at Fairfield.” —
Diary.

Fairfield was in Berkeley County.

Marcu 10, Thursday. Berkeley County.

“Went by my Tenants on Bullskin to my Broth-
er’s at Harewood.”—Diary.

“Harewood,” the name of Samuel Washington’s place
in Berkeley. Washington stayed there over the 11th.

Marcu 12, Saturday. Berkeley County.
“Returnd by my Tenants on Bullskin to Fair-
field.” —Diary.

Marcu 13, Sunday. Berkeley County.
“At Fairfield all day with others.”—Diary.GEORGE WASHINGTON [1774

Marcu 14, Monday. Fauquier County.
“Set of for my Tenants in Fauquier, and lodged
at one Lewis Lemart’s, a Tenant.”—Diary.

Marcu 15, Tuesday. Fauquier County.

“At Lewis Lemart’s till the Afternoon, with my
Tenants and making Leases. Rid to Cap. Ashby’s
in the afternoon.”—Diary.

Marcu 16, Wednesday. Fairfax, now Loudoun,
County.

“Viewed my Land on Chattin’s Run and Goose
Creek and came to Mr. Thos. West’s to Dinner
to meet Mr. Mercer.” —Diary.

March 17 and 18 Washington was surveying Mercer’s
land, on the Bull Run tract. He lodged at West’s both

nights.

Marcu 19, Saturday. Fairfax County.

“At West’s (my Horses being lost) till one
Oclock; then (after they were found) rid down
to Mr. Edd. Payne’s and lodgd there.”—Diary.

Edward Payne, near Payne’s Church. The accounts
show: “By Travelling Exps. up to & down from Berkeley
&ca. Including £2.0.5 Tavn. Exps. at Thos. Wests &
12s. pd. for takg. up my Horses wch. were lost there.
£4.15.7.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Marcwu 20, Swnday. Mount Vernon.
“Got home to Breakfast.”—Diary.A pril] CoLoNniIAL TRAVELLER
Marcu 27, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-

ner.” —Diary.

Marcu 28, Monday. Alexandria.

“TI went up to Alexandria to the Sale of the
Anne & Elizabeth which I bought myself at the
price of £175. Returnd home in the afternoon.”
—Diary.

Anne & Elizabeth, a brigantine to take the place
of the schooner built at Mount Vernon, which had been
sold. The name Anne & Elizabeth was changed to
Farmer. Curiously enough, Washington does not enter

this £175 in his accounts.

Aprit 4, Monday. “Warburton.”

“Mrs. Washington and myself went and dined
at Mr. Digges’s, with Mr. and Mrs. Custis, on their
way to Mr. Calvert’s.”—Diuary.

The Washingtons returned to Mount Vernon this same

day.

Aprit 10, Sunday. Pohick Church.

“Went with Colo. Bassett, etca. to Pohick
Church.” —Diary.

The “etca.” were: Colonel Bassett’s wife, their son
William and daughter Frances (Fanny), who married

George Augustine Washington, son of Charles.

Aprit 17, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
“Attempted to go to Alex. Church, but broke
the Pole of the Chariot and returnd.’—Duary.352 GEORGE WASHINGTON

 

[1774

Apri 18, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went with Colo. Bassett, etca., to Alexa. Re-
turnd in the Afternoon.’”—Diary.

Aprit 19, Tuesday. “Warburton.”
“Went with Colo. Bassett, Mrs. Bassett, etca.,
to Mr. Digges’s and dined.” —Diary.

May 2, Monday. Belvoir.

“Rid in the forenoon with Mrs. Washington to
Belvoir.” —Diary.

May 4. “By Exps. getg. my Carriage to Maryld.
18s.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

May 5, Thursday. “Warburton.”
“Set off for Mr. Calvert’s. Dined and lodged
there.” —Diary.

May 6, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“After dinner returnd home.’—Diary.

May 7, Saturday. Potomac River, above Mount
Vernon.
“Went with the above Company to a Boat Race
and Barbicue at Johnson’s Ferry.”—Diary.
The company were: Mr. and Mrs. John Parke Custis,
Miss Calvert and Mr. Matthew Tilghman.

May 8, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“We... went to Pohick Church.”—Diary.May] CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 353

May 12, Thursday. Fredericksburg.

“Set of with Mrs. Washington for Williams-
burg. Dined at Dumfries and lodgd at Colo.
Lewis’s in Fredericksburg.” —Diary.

“By Ferriages at Mr. Hunters 5/ By Cash paid my
Mother £10.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

May 13, Friday. Fredericksburg.
“At Fredg. all day. Dined at Colo. Lewis’s and
spent the Evening at Weeden’s.’—Diary.

May 14, Saturday. Caroline and King and Queen
Counties.
“Dined at Roys Ordy. and lodgd at Todd’s
Bridge.” —Diary.
Boswell Roy’s Ordinary was a few miles below Bowling
Green.

May 15, Sunday. New Kent County.
“Breakfasted at Ruffin’s Ferry and dined and
lodgd at Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

May 16, Monday. Williamsburg.
“Came to Wms.burg, dind at the Governor’s and
spent the Evening at Mrs. Campbell’s.”—Diuary.

May 17, Tuesday. Williamsburg.
“Dined at the Speaker’s and spent the Evening

at Southall’s.”—Diary.

James Barret Southall had succeeded Anthony Hay354 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1774

in the ownership of the Raleigh Tavern. May 18. “By
Ditto [Cash paid] for a Sword Knott 4s. 6d.,” in prep-
aration for the burgesses’ ball; a barber’s services were
required and hair powder was purchased. Washington
dined at Mrs. Campbell’s on May 18 and spent the eve-
ning at Southall’s; on May 19, dined and spent the
evening at Mrs. Campbell’s. May 20, he dined at Mrs.

Campbell’s.

May 21, Saturday. New Kent County.
“Dined at the Speaker’s, and went up to Colo.
Bassett’s in the afternoon.” —Dhuary.

Washington remained at “Eltham” over Sunday.

May 23, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Came to Williamsburg with Mrs. Washington.
Dined at the Attorneys, and spent the Evening
there.”—Dhiary.

On May 24, Washington dined at the Speaker’s and
spent the evening at Mrs. Campbell’s; May 25, he dined
and spent the evening at the Governor’s, who, on that
day had dissolved the burgesses because of their reso-
lutions of sympathy with Massachusetts on account of
the Boston Port Bill (May 24) and their appointment
of June 1, the day the Port Bill went into operation,
as a day of fasting. The dissolved burgesses, however,
declined to remain dissolved; they immediately repaired
to the Apollo Room of the Raleigh Tavern and entered
into an association of non-importation and recommended
the holding of an annual Colonial Congress. On May
26, Washington rode out, with the Governor, to his farm
and breakfasted there.June | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 355

May 27, F'riday. Williamsburg.

“Dined at the Treasurer’s and went to the Ball
given by the House of Burgesses to Lady Dun-
more.” —Diary.

May 26. “By my Subscripn. to ye Burgesses Ball.
£1.0.0.”"—Ledger B, op. cit. Lady Dunmore, the wife
of the Governor, John Murray, Earl Dunmore, was the
daughter of the Earl of Galloway. On May 28, Washing-
ton dined at Mrs. Campbell’s ; May 29, he attended church
twice and dined at Mrs. Dawson’s. May 30, he dined at
Southall’s and May 31 dined at Charlton’s. On May
29th, advices from Boston, Philadelphia, and Maryland
arrived at Williamsburg. These were of so alarming a
character that Peyton Randolph and others called to-
gether such of the burgesses as were still in town.
Twenty-five of them were gathered together, one of whom
was Washington, and, as a result of their deliberations,
a call was issued, May 31, for a “Convention” (the bur-
gesses having no authority to act as such in the face
of Dunmore’s dissolution of the House) of all the bur-
gesses to meet August 1 next. One of the printed circu-
lars of this call is in the Washington Papers, in the
Library of Congress.

JuNE 1, Wednesday. Williamsburg.
“Went to Church and fasted all day.”—Diary.
In conformity with the vote of burgesses to fast in
sympathy with Massachusetts on the day the Boston
Port Bill went into operation. “By Club at Mrs. Vobes
5/3.”—Ledger B, op. cit.356 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1774

JUNE 2, Thursday. “Eltham.”
“Dined at Mr. Charlton’s and came up to Colo.
Basset’s in the afternoon.”—Diary.

JUNE 4, Saturday. Mattapony River.

“Went up by Water with Mr. and Mrs. Bassett,
Mrs. Dandridge and Mrs. Washington, to the Ld.
bo’t of Black in King and Queen. Returnd to
Colo. Bassett’s to Dinr.”—Diary.

JunE 6, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Set [of] ... for Williamsburg. Dined at
Richd. Charlton’s and Supped at Anderson’s.”—
Diary.

On June 7, Washington dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and
spent the evening at the Raleigh. May 8, he dined at
the Raleigh and spent the evening at Anderson’s; May

9, he dined and spent the evening at the Raleigh.

JuNE 10, Friday. Williamsburg.

“Dined at the Raleigh and went to the Fire-
works. ’—Dhiary.

June 10. “By Cash paid for seeing ye. Fireworks
3s. 9d.”—Ledger B, op. cit. This day was the anni-
versary of the burning of the Gaspée in Rhode Island in
1772, and the fireworks may have been a celebration of

that feat, which made a profound impression in Virginia.

JUNE 11, Saturday. “Eltham.”
“Dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and went up to Colo.
Bassett’s in the Afternoon.”—Diary.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 357

 

 

June |

JuNE 13, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Returnd with him to Willg. Dined at the
Raleigh and spent the Evening at Anderson’s.”—
Diary.

On June 14, Washington dined with the Council at
Southall’s and spent the evening at Anderson’s ; June 15,
he dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and spent the evening at the
Capitol at a meeting of the Society for Promoting Useful
Knowledge. John Page was then President of the So-
ciety and James Madison one of its secretaries. Wash-
ington subscribed £1. On June 16, Washington dined
at the Governor’s and spent the evening at Anderson’s.

JUNE 18, Saturday. Williamsburg.

“Dined at Mrs. Dawson’s and came up to Colo.
Bassett’s in the afternoon.’—Duary.

Washington stayed at “Eltham” over Sunday.

JunE 20, Monday. King William, King and
Queen and Caroline Counties.

“Set of from thence on my return home. Dind
at Todd’s bridge and lodged at Hubbard’s.”—
Diary.

On this visit to Williamsburg, the Washingtons lodged
at Charlton’s. “By Mr. Charltons Acct. for Board
&ca. £14.17.0. By Mrs. Charltons Acct. agt. Mrs.
Washington £5.5.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

JUNE 21, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.

“Breakfasted at the Bolling green, Dind and
lodged at Colo. Lewis’s in Fredericksburg.”—
Diary.

June 21. “By Expences at Roys Ordy. 7s. 6d.°—
Ledger B.358 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1774

JUNE 22, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.

‘““Reachd home to a late Dinner after Break-
fasting at Aquia.”—Diary.

“By Expences at Tylers 7s. 6d.”—Ledger B, op. cit.
Thomas G, Tyler’s Ordinary was at Aquia.

JUNE 24, Friday. Alexandria.
“Rid up to Alexandria and returnd in the after-
noon. —Diary.

JUNE 26, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Church at Alexr. Returnd to
Dinner.” —Diary.

Jury 38, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd home to

Dinner.” —Diary.

Jury 5, Tuesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to a Meeting of the
Inhabitts. of this County. Dined at Arrell’s and
lodgd at my own House.” —Diary.

The first Fairfax County meeting, at which George
Washington, George Mason and others were appointed
a committee to draw up resolutions respecting the state

of affairs.

JuLy 6, Wednesday. Alexandria.
“Dined at Doctr. Brown’s and returnd home in
the Eveng.’”—Diary.July | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER 359

Junty 14, Thursday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to the Election where
I was chosen, together with Majr. [Charles]
Broadwater, Burgess. Staid all Night to a Ball.”
—Diary.

Washington enters up the expense of this election as
cakes 13s. 3d. and general expenses £3.1.6.

Juty 15, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Return’d home to a late Dinner.”—Diuary.

JuLy 24, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Church at Alexandria. Returnd
to Dinner.’”’—Duary.

Juty 28, Thursday. Stafford and Fredericks-
burg.

“Set of with Mr. Custis for Williamsburg.
Dined at Tyler’s on Aquia, and lodged at Colo.
Lewis’s.”—Duary.

“By Ferriages at Hunters 11s.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

JuLy 29, Friday. Caroline and King and Queen
Counties.
“Set out from Fredericksburg late. Dined at
Roy’s and lodged at Hubbard’s.”—Diary.

JuLy 30, Saturday. King William and New Kent
Counties.

“Breakfasted at King Wm. Court Ho. Dined

at Ruffin’s and reachd Colo. Bassett’s.”—Diary.

Washington stayed at “Eltham” over Sunday.
g J y360 Grorce WASHINGTON (1774

Aveust 1, Monday. Williamsburg.

“Went from Colo. Bassett’s to Williamsburg to
the Meeting of the Convention. Dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s. Spent the Evening in my Lodgings.”
—Diary.

The Convention called by the circular May 31, is-
sued by the members of the House of Burgesses. (See
note to May 27 ante.) Washington was elected, along
with Peyton Randolph, Richard Henry Lee, Patrick
Henry, Richard Bland, Benjamin Harrison, and Edmund
Pendleton, as delegates from Virginia to the First Con-
tinental Congress, called to convene in September, 1774,
in Philadelphia. Washington notes that on August 2,
he was at the Convention and dined at the Treasurer’s,
Robert Carter Nicholas; August 3, he dined at Speaker
Peyton Randolph’s; August 4, he dined at Attorney
General John Randolph’s; August 5, he dined at Mrs.
Elizabeth Dawson’s and August 6, he dined at Mrs.
Campbell’s. It seems that the situation was considered
too serious to indulge in the usual social evenings that
marked Washington’s former visits to Williamsburg. If
there were nightly gatherings of the members of the
Convention at Southall’s and other accustomed club places
Washington did not attend them; the five nights he spent
in Williamsburg, he spent in his own lodgings at Charl-
ton’s.

“To my proportion of the Sum voted in Convention for
defraying the Exps. of the delegates to the Congress at

Philadelphia £90.13.9.”

Aveust 7, Sunday. New Kent County.
“Left Williamsburg abt. 9 Oclock and got upCoLONIAL TRAVELLER 361

 

August |

to Colo. Bassett’s to Dinner, where I stayd the
remaining part of the Day and Night.”—Duary.

Aveust 8, Monday. King William and King and
Queen Counties.

“Left Colo. Bassett’s. Visited my own Plantn.
in King Wm. and Mr. Custis’s in King and Queen.
Dind at King Wm. Ct. House and lodged at.
Todd’s Bridge.” —Diary. A

Aveust 9, Tuesday. Fredericksburg.
“Breakfasted at Roy’s Ord’y. Dined and lodged
at Colo. Lewis’s in Fredericksburg.” —Diary.
“By Cash paid my Mother £20.”—Ledger B, op. cit.
It seems probable however that Washington visited his
mother on the morning of August 10 after leaving Fred-
ericksburg for Mount Vernon.

Aveustr 10, Wednesday. Mount Vernon.
“Breakfasted at Tyler’s on Acquia. Dined at
home.” —Diuary.
“By Ferriages at Hunters 4s. 3d. By Expences at
Tylers 8s.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

Aveust 14, Sunday.
“Went to Pohick Church with Mr. Custis.’—

Diary.

Aveustr 15, Monday. Belvoir.
“Went ... to Colo. Fairfax’s Sale.”—Diary.362 GEORGE

 

W ASHINGTON [1774

Avueust 20, Saturday. Alexandria.
“Rid with Mrs. Washn. to Alexa. and returnd
to Dinner.” —Daiary.

Aveust 22, Monday. Belvoir.

“Doctr. Craik went away after Breakfast, and
Mr. [Stephen?] Moyland after Dinner, havg. Rid
with [him] to show Belvoir.”—Diary.

Colonel Fairfax had left Belvoir in Washington’s
hands to sell. No serious buyer appeared and, later,

the place caught fire and was completely destroyed.

Avueust 27. Saturday. Fairfax County.
“Went to the Barbacue at Accatinck.”—Diary.

Aveust 28, Swnday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church.”—Diary.

Aveust 31, Wednesday. Prince George County,
Maryland.

“All the above Gentlemen dind here, after
which, with Colo. Pendleton and Mr. Henry, I set
out on my journey for Phila. and reachd uppr.
Marlbro.”—Diary.

The above gentlemen were Colonel Edmund Pendleton,
Patrick Henry, Colonel George Mason and Mr. Thomas

Triplet, who had stayed at Mount Vernon Tuesday night.

SEPTEMBER 1, Thursday. Kent County, Mary-
Jand.September] CoLoniaAL TRAVELLER 363

“Breakfasted at Queen Anne. Dined in An-
napolis, and lodged at Rock Hall.” —Diary.
Queen Anne was a crossroads hamlet in Prince George’s

County. It has long since disappeared.

SEPTEMBER 2, F'riday. Chestertown, Maryland.
“Din’d at Rock Hall (waiting for my Horses)
and lodgd at New Town on Chester.” —Diary.
Newtown on the Chester River, Eastern Shore of
Maryland, is now Chestertown.

SEPTEMBER 3, Saturday. New Castle, Delaware.
“Breakfasted at Down’s. Dind at the Buck
Tavern (Carson’s) and lodg’d at Newcastle.”—
Diary.
William (?) Downs, at Downs’ Cross Roads was about
sixteen miles from Chestertown. Buck Tavern was about

eighteen miles southwest of Newcastle, Delaware.

SEPTEMBER 4, Sunday. Philadelphia.

“Breakfasted at Christeen Ferry. Dined at
Chester and lodged at Doctr. [William] Ship-
pen’s in Phila., after supping at the New Tavern.”
—Dhary.

Christiana Ferry is now Wilmington, Delaware.
Chester, Pennsylvania, is about fifteen miles below Phila-
delphia, on the Delaware River. The New Tavern, gen-
erally known as the “City Tavern,” was on the west side
of South Second Street, above Walnut. Washington’s
memorandum of expenses shows an indebtedness to a
Mr. Smith of this tavern.364 GrEoRGE WASHINGTON [1774

SEPTEMBER 5, Monday. Philadelphia.

“Breakfasted and Dined at Docr. Shippen’s.
Spent the Eveng. at Tavern.”—Diary.

The First Continental Congress assembled in Car-
penters’ Hall, Philadelphia, September 5, 1774. Wash-
ington was present, though he does not note the fact in
his diary. Peyton Randolph was unanimously elected
President. The first day’s proceedings were confined to
reading the credentials of the various delegates. Sep-
tember 6, Washington was at the Congress all day and
dined at the New Tavern; September 7 he dined at Mr.
Samuel Pleasants’ and spent the evening at the New
Tavern; September 8, he dined at Mr. Andrew Allan’s;
September 9, he dined at Mr. James Tilghman’s; on Sep-
tember 10, he dined at Mr. Richard Penn’s; on the 11th
he dined at Mr. Griffen’s; the 12th at Mr. Allan’s; the
13th he dined at Thomas Mifflin’s.

SEPTEMBER 14, Wednesday. Philadelphia.

“Rid over the Province Island and dind at Mr.
Wm. Hamilton’s.”—Diary.

Province Island changed its name to State Island.
It is in the Schuylkill River near its mouth. William
Hamilton was a man of wealth, son of the second An-
drew Hamilton. He was interested in farming and his
estate, “The Woodlands,” was kept under high cultiva-

tion.

SEPTEMBER 16, Friday. Philadelphia.

“Dined at the State House at an Entertainment
given by the City to the Members of the Congress.”
—Dhuary.

“On Friday last the Honourable Delegates now metSeptember| CoLontAL TRAVELLER 365

in General Congress were elegantly entertained by the
gentlemen of this city. Having met at the City Tavern
about 8 o’clock they were conducted from thence to the
State House by the Managers of the entertainment where
they were received by a very large company composed
of the Clergy, such genteel strangers as happened to be
in town, and a number of respectable citizens, making
in the whole, near 500.”—Pennsylvania Gazette. Among
the toasts given and drunk with applause were toasts to
the King and Queen and the Prince of Wales and also
one to the Perpetual Union of the Colonies. September
17, Washington dined at John Dickinson’s at Hain eri
in the old Northern Liberties ; September 18, he dined at
Henry [?] Hill’s, about six miles out from the city;
September 19, he dined at John Ross’s ; September 20, at
William Fisher’s; September 21 with James Mease and
September 22 with Chief Justice Benjamin Chew at his
house in Germantown. John Adams was present at this
dinner and tells of it in his diary. On September 23, he
dined with the prominent Quaker, Joseph Pemberton, and
on September 24 with Thomas Willing, after which he
spent the evening at the City Tavern.

SEPTEMBER 25, Sunday. Philadelphia.

“Went to the Quaker Meeting in the Forenoon
and St. Peter’s in the afternoon. Dzin’d at my
Lodgings.” —Diary.

The Quaker or Friends’ Meeting House was, prob-
ably, at the southwest corner of Second and High Streets.
Saint Peter’s Episcopal Church was on the southwest
corner of Third and Pine Streets. On September 26,
Washington dined at old Dr. William Shippen’s and
afterward visited the Pennsylvania Hospital, which was366 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1774

on the square bounded by Eighth and Ninth, Spruce
and Pine Streets. September 27, he dined at the City
Tavern with the other Virginia delegates and on the
28th dined with Edward Shippen and spent the after-
noon with the Massachusetts delegates to the Congress.
September 29 he dined again at Mr. James Allan’s and
went to the Ball in the afternoon. September 30 he
dined at Dr. Thomas Cadwalader’s.

Ocroser 1, Saturday. Philadelphia.
“At the Congress till 3 Ocl: Din’d with Mr.
Hamilton at Bush Hill.”—Diary.

This was James Hamilton, several times Lieutenant
Governor of Pennsylvania. On October 2, Washington
went to Christ Church, the Episcopalian Church on Sec-
ond Street between Market and Arch and he records his
presence in Congress every day during the week and that
he dined successively at Joseph Reed’s, Dr. William
Shippen Jr’s, Dr. Thomas Bond’s, Samuel Meredith’s,
Thomas Smith’s and John Cadwalader’s. On Sunday,
October 9, he went to the Presbyterian Meeting House,
then on the corner of Third and Arch Streets and in
the afternoon the vesper services at St. Mary’s Catholic
Church on Fourth Street above Spruce. John Adams
also was present and comments on the service in his diary.
Washington dined, this day, at Bevan’s tavern. On
Monday, October 10, he attended Congress and dined at
Dr. John Morgan’s; October 11, he spent the evening
at Bevan’s; October 12, an attendance on Congress is
noted and that he dined at Joseph Wharton’s and went
to the Governor’s Club, which usually met at Peg Mul-
len’s Beefsteak House, at Water Street and WilcoxOctober | CoLoNIAL TRAVELLER 367

Alley. On October 13, he notes his attendance in Con-
gress and that the next day, October 14, he dined at
Thomas Barclay’s and spent the evening at Smith’s.
October 15, he dined at Bevan’s.

Ocroser 16, Sunday. Philadelphia.

“Went to Christ Church in the forenoon. After
which rid to, and dind in the Provence Island.
Suppd at Byrns’s.”—Diuary.

John Byrns, or Burns, a tavern keeper. October 17,
he attended Congress and dined on the merchant ship
Union, Captain W. Hamilton, then in the River Dela-
ware; he spent the evening at Thomas Mifflin’s. October
18, he dined at Dr. Benjamin Rush’s and spent the eve-
ning at the New Tavern; October 19, he dined at Mr.
Thomas Willing’s; October 20, he dined at the New
Tavern at the dinner the Pennsylvania Assembly was giv-
ing to the Congress. Washington went to the ball after-
ward. On October 22, he dined at Mr. Griffin’s and
drank tea with Mrs. Daniel Roberdeau. October 24, he
dined with [James] Mease and spent the evening at the
New Tavern. On the 26, he dined at Bevan’s and spent
the evening at the New Tavern. Washington, appar-
ently, lodged at Mr. Smith’s the greater part if not all
of his stay as on October 26 this entry appears in
Ledger B: “By Mr. Smith’s Tavern acct. £7.19.0.”

OcroBErR 27, Thursday. New Castle, Delaware.
“Set out on my return home, dined at Chester
and lodged at Newcastle.” —Diary.
“By Ferriages at Schoolkill 2/4. By Exps. at Ches-
ter 8/.”—Ledger B, op. cit.368 GrorGE WASHINGTON [1774

OctoBEr 28, Friday. Maryland.

“Breakfasted at the Buck Tavern. Dined at
Down’s and lodged at New town upon Chester.”
—Diary.

“By Do [expenses ] at Carson’s 5/, By Do at Downs’s
5/.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

OcroBer 29, Saturday. Annapolis, Maryland.
Breakfasted at Rockhall and reachd Annapolis
in the Afternoon.” —Diary.
“By Exps. at Mrs. Howard £1.0.2.”—Ledger B,

op. cit.

OcrToBER 30, Sunday. Mount Vernon.
‘“Breakfasted at Mr. Calvert’s and reachd home
abt. 3 Oclock.”—Diary.
“By Ferriages at South River 8/4.”—Ledger B,
op. cit.CHAPTER XII

Tur Cominc Storm; THE CONTINENTAL Con-
GRESS AND War: 1774-1775

1774

NovemseEr 3, Friday. Alexandria.
“T went up to Alexandria..... Returnd in the

aftern.”—Diuary.

Novemser 6, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church.”—Duary.

Novemser 12, Saturday. Georgetown.

“I went up to George Town to an intended
meeting of Trustees for openg. Potomack River.
None met. Returnd home at Night.”—Dhiary.

NovemBer 13, Sunday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria Church in the Eve-

ning.” —Duary.

NoveMser 20, Sunday. Fairfax County.
“Set out for West’s Ordinary in Order to attend
Colo. Mercer’s Sale of the Bull run Land. Dined

at New Gate and lodged at Colo. Fras. Peyton’s.”
—Dhiary.

Newgate was the crossing of two important highways
in western Fairfax, and is now known as Centerville.

The Eagle Tavern at which Washington dined is still

standing.
369370 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1774

NovEMBER 21, Monday. Fairfax County.
“Attended at West’s Ordy. with Mr. James
Mercer and sold all the Bull run Lands. Returnd
to Colo. Peyton’s.”—Duary.
Washington remained at Peyton’s over the 22d ex-

ecuting bonds and conveyances of the lands sold.

NovemMser 23, Wednesday. Frederick County.

“Set out for Frederick, in order to sell Colo.
Mercer’s Estate in that County. Dind at Morgan
Alexander’s Ordy. and lodged at Colo. Warner
Washington’s.’’—Duiary.

The estate was that of Colonel John Mercer, for
whom Washington was executor. Morgan Alexander’s
ordinary was in the Shenandoah Valley.

NovemsBer 24, Thursday. Frederick County.
“Went to the Sale which began at the middle
Plantation at Willm. Dawson’s, the Head Over-
seers. Lodged there.”—Diary.
Dawson’s was on the Shenandoah River. In
margin of the printed almanac page for the month of
November Washington has noted the land sale as “at

Snickers.”

the

NoveMser 28, Monday. Frederick.
“Dined at Mr. Booth’s and returnd to my Lodg-
ings at Dawson’s.”—Diuary.
NoveMBeErR 29, Tuesday. Frederick County.
“Continued the Sale at Dawson’s and finished

at that Plantation.”—Diuary.December| CoLoNtAL TRAVELLER 371

NoveMBeER 30, Wednesday. Frederick County.
“Concluded the whole Sales at all the Planta-
tions and went to, and dined at Alexander’s where
I also lodged.”—Diary.
“By Exps. at Alexander’s 16/.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

DercemsBer 1, Thursday. Leesburg, Virginia.
“At Alexander’s till 12 Oclock taking Bonds,
etca.- Then set of for, and lodged at Leesburg.”
—Diary.
“By Ditto [expenses] at Leesburg, 10/.”—Ledger B,
op. cit.

DrcemBer 2, Friday. Mount Vernon.
“Breakfasted at Moss’s and dined at home.”—
Diary.

Drcemser 5, Monday. Belvoir.
“Went to Colo. Fairfax’s Sale at Belvoir. Re-
turnd in the Evening alone.”—Diary.

DrceMBER 14, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“I went up to Alexandria to an intended meet-
ing of the Committee [of Safety of Fairfax
County], but was disappointed.”—Diary.

“By Servants Dinner at Arrells 1/.”—Ledger B,
op. cit.

DrcreMBer 19, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went with Mrs. Washington, my Brother,
[John Augustine Washington] and Mr. [Philip]372 GroRGE WASHINGTON [1775

Smith to Alexandria and stayed all Night.”—
Diary.

DrEcEeMBER 20, T'wesday. Mount Vernon.
“Returnd in the Afternoon.”—Diary.
“By Exps. at Mrs. Hawkins 3/9.”—Ledger B, op. cit.

1775

JANUARY 2, Monday. Alexandria.

“Genl. [Charles] Lee and my self rid up to
Alexandria and returnd in the Afternoon.”—
Diary.

“By Cash for a yard of Cockade Ribbon. 1, '. —Ledger
B; op. cst.

January 15, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and Returnd to Din-
ner.”—Diary.

January 16, Monday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to a Review of the In-
dependent Company and to choose a Comee. for
the County of Fairfax.” —Diary.

Washington had been chosen to command the Fairfax
Company, the Prince William, Spotsylvania, and other
independent companies in Virginia, and on January 16
and 17 he exercised the Fairfax County Company in
drills. This company wrote to Washington in Cambridge
that it was ready to march to Boston or elsewhere should
he so direct. “By my Subscriptn. to ye Contingent
charges of ye Independt. Compy. £1.”—Ledger B, op. cit.CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

 

February |

JANuARY 19, Thursday. Mount Vernon.
‘Returnd home to Dinner alone.”—Diary.
Washington was, also, chosen a member of the Fair-

fax Committee of Safety and attended the meetings on

January 17 and 18. “By Exps. at Alexa. attendg. ye
Meeting of ye Comee. &c. 12/9.”—Cash Memorandum

Book A.

JANUARY 26, Thursday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to an intended meeting
of the Trustees for opening the Rivr. Potomack.
None met. Stayd in Alexandria all Night and bot.
a parcel of Servants.”—Duary.

These seem to have been indentured servants, who
bonded themselves as security for their transportation

to America. The captains of ships sold the indentures
to the planters which amounted to discounting the obli-

gation.

JANUARY 27, Friday. Four Mile Run, Fairfax
County.
“Went up to four Mile. Run to view the Land
bought of Mr. Mercer. Lookd at part of it and
returnd home at Night.’”—Dnuary.

Frpsruary 18, Saturday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to meet and exercise
the Independent Company.”’—Diuary.

“By Cash paid Captn. [John] Harper for the half of
£350.16.6 Pensa. Cy. laid out by him in Phila. for374 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1775

am[munitio]n for Fairfax County wch Charge viz in
Virga. Cy. £140.6.6. By Cash pd. Do for 8 Quarter
Casks of Powdr, £27 Pensa. equal to £21.12.0.”—Cash
Memorandum Book A.

FEBRUARY 20, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria to the Choosing of
Delegates to go to Richmond.”—Diary.
Washington and Major Charles Broadwater were
chosen. “By Club at Mrs. Hawkins 4/.”—Cash Memo.
Book A.

FEBRUARY 22, Wednesday. “Warburton.”
“Went with Mrs. Washington to Mr. Digges’
and Dind.”—Diary.

Frpruary 26, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Mrs. Washington and self went to Pohick
Church. Dind at Captn. McCarty’s.”—Diary.

Fepruary 28, Tuesday. Alexandria.
“Went up with Mrs. Washington to Alexandria.
Returnd to Dinner.’’—Diary.

Marcu 12, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-

ner.’ —Dhiary.

Marcu 15, Wednesday. Stafford County.
“Set of for Richmond. Dind in Colchester withMarch | COLONIAL TRAVELLER 375

Mr. Wagener and lodgd at Colo. Blackburn’s.”—
Diary.

Marcu 16, Thursday. Dumfries, Virginia.

“Went to Dumfries to review the Independent
Company there. Dind and lodged with Mr.
Leitch. Spent the Evg. at an Entertt. at Gra-
ham’s.”—Diary.

Marcu 17, Friday. Fredericksburg.
“Reachd Fredericksburg, first dining at Mr.
James Hunter’s. Detained by wind.’—Diary.
Washington stayed in Fredericksburg over March 18,
and notes an expenditure of 1/6 at Weedon’s.

Marcu 19, Sunday. Hanover Court House.
“Dined at Roy’s at the Bolling green, and
lodged at Hanovr. Court House.” —Diary.
“By Exps. at Roys 4/9 Ditto at Burks Bridge 1/
By Ditto at Hanover Ct. House 9/6.”—Cash Memo.
Book A.

Marcu 20, Monday. Richmond, Virginia.

“Reachd Richmond abt. 11 Oclock. Dind at
Mr. Richd. Adams. Went to Colo. Archy Cary’s
abt. 7 Miles in the Aftern.”—Diary.

Colonel Archibald Cary, of “Ampthill.” Washington
lodged at Colonel Cary’s for a portion of the time he
was in Richmond and, for the rest, seems to have lodged
principally at Galt’s Tavern.376 GEORGE WASHINGTON (1775

MarcuH 21, Tuesday.

“Dind at [ Patrick] Cooley’s Tavern in Richmd.
and returnd to Colo. Cary’s.”—Diary.

“By Club at Richd. 4/10 By Ferriages 7/62 By
Club at Galt’s 5/.°—Cash Memo. Book A.

On March 22 he dined at Galt’s Tavern; March 23,
he dined at Patrick Cooley’s; March 24, he again dined
at Galt’s and lodged at Samuel Duval’s. March 25, he
returned to Richmond, dined at Galt’s and lodged at
Mrs. Randolph’s, of “Wilton.” He stayed at “Wilton”
all day the 26th, and on the 27th returned again to
Richmond and dined at Mr. Richard Adams’s. March
28: “By Exps. in Richmond at Galt’s Tavern £1.15.0.
To Cash recd. from the Treasurer my further proportn.
of the Money raised for the Delegates £13.15.6.”—Cash
Memo. Book A.

Marcy 28, Tuesday. Caroline County.

“Left Richmond. Dined at Hanover Ct. Ho.
and lodged at Roy’s at the Bolling Green.’—
Diary.

Marcu 29, Wednesday. Fredericksburg.

“Got to Fredericksburg abt. 11 Oclock. Dined
at Colo. Lewis’s and spent the Evening at Weed-
on’s.”—Diary.

Marcu 30, Thursday. Fredericksburg.
“At Fredericksburg all day. Dined at Colo.
Lewis's.” —Diary.
“By Cash paid my Mother part of her Income £80.0.0.
By Expences at Weedons 19/.”—Cash Memo. Book A.A pril| COLONIAL TRAVELLER 377

Marcu 31, Friday. Mount Vernon.

“Set of from thence. Dined at Dumfries and
reachd home about Sun Set.’—Diuary.

“By Ferriages, 8s. By Expences at Dumfries 13s.
3d.”—Cash Memo. Book A.

Aprit 9, Sunday. Pohick Church.
“Went to Pohick Church and returnd to Din-

ner.’ —Diary.

Aprit 15, Saturday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexandria to the Muster of the
Independt. Company. Returnd late at Night.”—
Diary.

“By Cash pd. towards the Exps. of ye Fairfax Ind.
Co. 12/.”—Cash Memo. Book A.

Aprit 17, Monday. Alexandria.

“Colo. [George] Mason and myself went up to
Alexa. to a Committee, and to a new choice of
Delegates. I returnd at Night.”—Diary.

Probably to elect a delegate to fill the vacancy caused
by Washington having been elected by the Virginia Con-
vention as one of the delegates to the Second Continental
Congress which was to meet in Philadelphia, in May,
1775. “By Expences at Mrs. Hawkins, 14s. 2d.”—Cash
Memo. Book A.

Aprit 22, Saturday. Alexandria.
“T rid with my Brother [John Augustine Wash-
ington] to Alexandria and returnd to Dinner.’—

Diary.
“To Ditto [Cash] recd. from Mr. Andw. LeitcheR a Pernt nee epee

378 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1775

towards paying for the arms engaged for the P. William
Company £20.12.6 Pensa. Money. £16.10.0.”—Cash
Memo. Book A.

ApriL 26, Wednesday. Alexandria.

“Went up to Alexa. to meet the Ind[ependen]t
Company.’ —Diary.

“By Exps. at Mrs. Hawkin’s, 3s. 9d.”—Cash Memo.
Book A.

Aprit 30, Swnday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexandria and returnd in the aft-

ernoon. —Diary.

May 1, Monday. Alexandria.
“Went up to Alexa. to meet the Independt.
Company. Mr. Herbert came at Night.’”—Dnuary.
“By Dinner & Club at Mrs. Hawkins, 4s 714d.”—
Cash Memo. Book A.

May 4, Thursday. Marlborough, Maryland.
“Set out for the Congress at Phila. Dind in
Alexa. and lodgd at Marlborough.’ —Diary.
“By Exps. at the Ferry Alexa. 7s 6d.”—Cash Memo.
Book B.

May 5, Friday. Baltimore.

“Breakfasted at Mrs. Ramsay’s and Lodgd at
Baltimore.” —Diary.

Washington was unacquainted with the road from
Marlborough to Baltimore and hired a guide to show
him the way. “By Cash pd. the guide to Balto. 7/6.”—
Cash Memo. Book B.May | CoLONIAL TRAVELLER

May 6, Saturday. Baltimore.

“At Baltimore all day. Reviewed the Com-
panies there and dind at an Entertainmt. given by
the Townsmen.”—Diary.

May 7, Sunday. Havre de Grace, Maryland.

“Breakfasted at Cheyne’s. Dind at Roger’s and
lodged at Stevenson’s, this side Susqueh[annah. ]”’
—Dhiary.

“By Ferriage at Petapsco, 6s. 6d.”—Cash Memo.
Book B. Cheyne’s may have been Roderick Cheyne who,
at one time, kept a school on the outskirts of Baltimore.

Rogers was possibly the William Rogers, known to
have kept an inn in the city of Baltimore in 1755 and
Stevenson’s would be what is now Havre de Grace. “By
Do [expenses] at Stevenson’s £1.6.5.”—Cash Account
Book B.

May 8, Monday. Wilmington, Delaware.
“Breakfasted at Charles Town and Dined and
lodged at Wilmington.”—Diary.
Charles Town was in Cecil County, Maryland. “By
Do [expenses] at Christeen Bridge 4/.”—Cash Memo.
Book B.

May 9, Tuesday. Philadelphia.

“Breakfasted at Chester, and dined at the City
Tavern, Phila. Supped at Mr. Jos. Read’s.”—
Diary.

On May 10, Washington dined at Thomas Mifflin’s ;
May 11, at young Dr. Shippen’s; May 12, he dined andtamara rem

  

380 GEORGE WASHINGTON [1775

supped at the City Tavern and notes an expense of a
club at Smith’s of 6/7; May 13, (Saturday) he dined
with the Congress at its Saturday weekly dinner at the
City Tavern; May 14, he dined at Mr. Willings, but
whether this was Thomas or Richard Willing is uncer-
tain. May 15, he dined at Burns’ or Byrns’; May 16,
at the City Tavern again and spent the evening at Dr.
Edward Shippen’s; May 17, he attended the commence-
ment exercises of the College of Philadelphia, which after-
ward became the University of Pennsylvania, dined at
Samuel Griffin’s and attended a meeting of the Commit-
tee of Congress, which was appointed to devise means
of protecting the city of New York and which met at
the Conestoga Wagon Inn, on Market Street above
Fourth.

May 18, Washington dined at the City Tavern and
attended a meeting of the same committee at the State
House. From May 19 to 23, he spent every evening
in his own lodgings, which were at Edward Fitz
Randolph’s and dined successively at Chief Justice Wil-
liam Allen’s, the City Tavern, Richard Willing’s, Samuel
Griffin’s and John Cadwalader’s. May 24, he dined at
Andrew Allan’s and spent the evening at the Governor’s
Club; May 25, he dined at James Tilghman’s and spent
the evening at the City Tavern and May 26 he dined
at Samuel Meredith’s and again spent the evening at
the City Tavern; May 27, he dined at the Tavern.

May 28, Sunday. Philadelphia.
“Rid out to the Provence Island and dined there
in Compy. with sevl. other Gentlemen.”—Diary.

“By Expences at ye Provence Island 7/6.”—Cash
Memo. Book B. May 29, Washington dined again atJune | CoLONIAL 'TRAVELLER 381

the City Tavern. May 30, he dined with Mr. James
Mease and conferred with the Massachusetts delegates ;
May 31, he dined with John Rutledge.

JUNE 1, Thursday. Philadelphia.

“Dined at Burn’s and Spent the Evening in my
own Room.”—Dhiary.

On June 2, Washington dined at Joseph Shippen’s and
spent the evening at James Tilghman’s; June 3, he dined
at the City Tavern; June 4, he dined at Robert Morris’s,
on the banks of the Schuylkill, and spent the evening at
the City Tavern.

JuNE 5, Monday. Philadelphia.

“Dined at Mr. Richard Penn’s, on a Committee
all the afternn.’’—Duary.

This committee was one appointed by Congress to
estimate the amount of money necessary to be raised by
the Colonies to finance the war.

June 6, Washington notes that he was at William
Hamilton’s; June 7, he dined at the City Tavern; June
8, he dined with Mr. [John] Dickinson; June 9, he dined
at Samuel Pleasant’s and went to hear a sermon from the
Presbyterian minister Piercy or Pierson, and June 10,
dined at Samuel Griffin’s.

JUNE 11, Sunday. Philadelphia.
“Went to Church in the forenoon and then went
out and Dined at Mr. H. Hill’s. Returnd in the
afternoon.’ —Duary.
June 12, Washington dined at the City Tavern; June
18, at Burns’ and June 14, at Samuel Meredith’s.382 GroRGE WASHINGTON [1775

JuNE 15, Thursday. Philadelphia.

“Dined at Burnes’ in the Field. Spent the
Eveng. on a Committee.”—Diary.

The committee was one appointed by Congress to
draft the rules and regulations for the government of
the army necessary to be raised.

On this day George Washington, Esquire, was unani-
mously elected by the Continental Congress to be General
and Commander-in-Chief of all the forces raised, or to
be raised, by the United Colonies. His commission, which
is in the Library of Congress, was not engrossed and
signed until four days later. It is dated June 19, 1775.

John Adams relates, in his letter to Mrs. Adams, May
29, 1775, that Colonel Washington appears in Congress
in his uniform, and, by his great experience and abilities
in military matters, is of much service to us.

This uniform was the one adopted by the Fairfax
Independent Company of Volunteeers, which was or-
ganized September 21, 1774, which was “a regular
Uniform of Blue, turn’d up with Buff with plain yellow
metal Buttons Buff waist Coat & Breeches, & white
Stockings.” Washington had been elected to command
this company as he was also elected to command the
Prince William and Spotsylvania companies and charged
with obtaining arms, ammunition and equipment for
them in Philadelphia. His private accounts show the
business attended to and it is reasonable to suppose that
wearing his uniform in Philadelphia was for the purpose
of facilitating these transactions. The uniform was a
convenient passport of authority for such purchases with
the Philadelphia merchants.i
tAccotink,
barbecue, 341, 362
races, 224

Washington at, 224, 307, 341

Adam, Robert, 316

Washington at, 317, 328

Adam & Carlyle, 161

Adams, John, 365, 366, 382

Adams, Richard

Washington at, 375, 376

INDEX

Alexandria—Con’t.

 

   
  

Washington at, 18, 24, 42, 60,
61, 63, 64, 65, 69, 70, 74,

79, 82, 88, 85, 90, 91, 92,

95, 104, 106, 108, 130, 132,

136, 137, 138,
150, 151, 153,
174, 179, 180,
188, 189, 191,
206, 207, 208,

Adams, Sir Thomas, 265, 269 216, 217, 222,

Adams’s Muster, 189

Alexander, Charles, 215 244, 245, 250,
Alexander, George, 224, 261, 341 260, 261, 266,
Alexander, John, 208 289, 290, 295,
Alexander, Morgan, Ordinary, 306, 307, 312,

Washington at, 370, 371
Alexander, Philip, 328

231, 232, 233,

320, 322, 327,
334, 338, 339,

Alexander, Robert, 206, 207, 216, 348, 351, 352,

224, 328, 341

Washington at, 260
Alexandria (Belhaven), Virginia,
51, 61, 90, 105, 110, 111,

117, 208, 217

pall at, 137, 208, 222, 224, 229,
230, 231, 304, 316, 359

church See Christ Church,

elections, 154, 186, 229, 250,

304, 359, 3877

Fairfax meeting, 358, 373

Governors at, 71

Independent Company, 372
launching at, 148, 224

militia muster, 331
theater, 223

trustee meeting, 259

369, 371, 372,

378

372

141,
159,
182,
195,
209,
223,

328,
340,
358,
378,

Washington’s house
252, 298, 304, 316, 320, 358,

Washington visits, 48

Washington on, 47

Ambler, Mrs.,

148, 149,
162, 171,
186, 187,
198, 201,
214, 215,
224, 229,
242, 243,
252, 259,
283, 285,
300, 304,
316, 317,
329, 331,
341, 347,
359, 361,
374, 377,

in, 251;

Aliquippa, Indian queen, 49

Allegheny River, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 310, 325

Amboy, New Jersey,

Washington at, 336

 

Amson,

, 116
Anderson, John, 28386

Anderson’s Tavern, Williams-
burg,
Washington at, 292, 303, 310,

826, 346, 347, 356, 357

Anne Arundel County, Mary-
land, .
Washington in, 106, 301, 321,
332

Annapolis, Maryland,
ball, 801, 322, 342
races, 300, 321, 341
theater, 301, 321, 322, 342
Washington at, 33, 106, 157,
300, 321, 332, 333, 334, 342,
362, 368
Anne & Elizabeth, 351
Alexander, William (called Lord
Stirling), 328
Washington at, 335
Allan, Andrew,
Washington at, 364, 380
Allan, James,
Washington at, 366
Allan, John,
Washington at, 335
Allan’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 115, 130, 134,
169, 172, 175, 183, 187
Allen, Andrew, 107
Alton, John, 62, 65, 91, 92, 107,
114, 127
Apollo Room, Raleigh Tavern,
325
Apples, 186
Aquia, Virginia,
Washington at, 192, 237, 358,
361
Ariss, John,
Washington at, 236
Armistead’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 63

INDEX

 

  

 

Armonica, 186
Armstrong, John, 123, 124
Armstrong’s Camp, Pennsyl-
vania,
Washington at, 124
Army, regulations, 382
Arnold, Jonathan, 25
Arrack (punch), 67
Arrell, Richard, 230, 305
Arrell’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 180, 186, 187,
188, 195, 198, 201, 209, 215,
800, 304, 306, 312, 317, 318,
320, 348, 358, 371.
Ashby, John, 88
Washington at, 8, 15, 350
Ashby, Robert, 233
Washington at, 234, 235, 314
Ashby, Thomas, 8, 28, 234
Ashby’s Gap, Virginia,
Washington at, 119
Ashley’s Ordinary,
Washington at, 116
Ashton, Burdett,
Washington at, 295
Askew, John, 180
Associators, Virginia, 240, 241
Augusta County, Virginia, 101
Washington in, 25, 38, 102

Virginia,

Augusta Court House See
Staunton

Avery’s Ford, Virginia, 71

Aylett, William,
Washington at, 228

Ayscough, ————,,
Washington at, 227, 239

Balendine, John, 283
» 4

 

Balfour,
Ball, Jesse, 315
Ball, Joseph, 4Ball, Mary See also under

Washington, George, visits
mother and Washington,
Mary.

Balmain, Alexander, 317

Baltimore, Maryland, 378

Washington at, 337, 379

Barbadoes, 33

Washington , 34, 35, 36

Barbecue,

Washington attends, 27, 242,
268, 341, 352, 362
Barclay, Thomas,
Washington at, 366
Barnard, William, 22
Barnes, Richard, 22
Barnes, Mrs. Sarah, 313
Barry’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 287
Baskingridge, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335
Bassett, Betsy, 256
Bassett, Burwell, 134, 178, 209,
211, 255, 293, 325, 345, 346,
351, 352
Washington at, 116, 119, 143,
144, 164, 167, 181, 187, 193,
197, 209, 210, 211, 225, 228,
241, 255, 256, 264, 291, 292,
293, 296, 297, 302, 303, 308,
311, 312, 313, 324, 325, 326,
330, 344, 345, 346, 347, 353,
354, 356, 357, 359, 361
Bassett, Mrs. Burwell, 132, 133,
134, 256
Bassett, Frances, 351
Bassett, William (Billy), 209, 351
Bayard, Robert, 335
Washington at, 336
Baylor, George, 66

INDEX

 

  

387

Baylor, John, 87, 324
Washington at, 66, 86, 109, 116,
125, 131, 196
Beckwith, —————, 229
Bed, 68, 70, 85
Belhaven See Alexandria
Bell, Robert, 276
Belvoir, Virginia, 8, 85, 223
Washington at, 49, 65, 68, 85,
91, 108, 112, 114, 125, 148,
133, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141,
181, 185, 190, 192, 198, 204,
206, 214, 217, 218, 222, 223,
224, 228, 230, 232, 237, 243,
244, 251, 259, 261, 262, 265,
266, 269, 283, 284, 289, 295,
298, 299, 300, 305, 307, 312,
318, 315, 316, 317, 321, 322,
328, 329, 333, 338, 341, 352,
361, 362, 371
Benedict, Maryland,
Washington at, 150
Berkeley County, Virginia,
Washington in, 345, 349
Bermuda, 36
Bernard, Ned, 17
Berwick, Thomas,
Washington at, 10
Bevan’s Tavern, Philadelphia,
Washington at, 366, 367
Big Beaver Creek, Pennsylvania,
44,
Billiards, 16, 67, 68, 81, 85, 108
Bishop, Thomas, 92, 107, 157
Black, William, 345, 346, 356
Blackburn, Richard,
Washington at, 343
Blackburn, Thomas,
Washington at, 97, 109, 374
Blackmore’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 118
Bladensburg, Maryland,
Washington at, 92Se

 

388 INDEX

Bland, Richard, 360

Bland, 154

Blue Ridge Mountains, 8, 15,
frontier, 96

Boat race,
Washington attends, 352

 

Boggs, 9
Washington at, 205
Bolling Green See Bowling
Green
Bond, Thomas,
Washington at, 366
Booth, William,
Washington at, 27, 212, 370
Boston, Massachusetts,
Washineton at, 94
fire subscription to, 149
Washington’s journey to, 42
Boston, frigate,
Washington on, 265
Boston Port Bill, 354, 355
Botetourt, Norbonne Berkeley,
Baron, 250, 254
Washington at, 227
Boucher, Jonathan, 4, 257, 289,
305, 327, 332
Washington at, 215,
301, 318, 321, 322
Bound Brook, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335

Bouquet, Henry, 121

262, 300,

 

Bowler, »
Washington at, 177
Bowling (Bolling), Green, Vir-

ginia,
Washington at, 265, 357, 375,
376

Boyds Hole, Virginia,
Washington at, 177, 213, 295
Braddock, Edward, 70, 74, 80, 99

defeated, 78, 79
Washington meets, 72

Braxton, Carter,
Washington at, 90

Braxton, , 127

Brent, Daniel,
Washington at, 192

Brent, Henry, 139

Brick House, Virginia,
Washington at, 116, 178, 196,

210, 211, 292, 293

Bricklayer, 216

 

Bridges, Henry, 93
Bridges Creek,
Washington at, 1, 2, 4, 19, 20
Bridget, 188
Bristol, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 336
Broadwater, Charles, 51, 359, 374
Brooks, Christopher, 1
Brough, Mrs.,
Washington at, 167
Brown, Gustavus,
Washington at, 358
Brown’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 97, 98, 101, 108,
109
Bruin, Bryan, Ordinary, Vir-
ginia,
Washington at, 177
Brunswick, New Jersey,
Washington at, 336
Brumley, » 154

 

Buck Tavern, Delaware,
Washington at, 363, 367

Buckner, Baldwin, 327
Washington at, 329

Buckner, > 66

Buffalo Creek (Fox Grape Vine

Creek, or Sculp Creek),

Washington at, 277

Buffington’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 168

Bull, sold, 265Bull Run, Virginia, 349, 369
Bullskin Plantation, 79
Washington at, 168
Bullskin River, Virginia, 38
Washington on, 28, 29, 30, 31,
71, 155, 235, 349
Bullitt, , 102
Burbidge, 4
Washington at, 345
Burks Bridge, Virginia,
Washington at, 375
Burlington, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335
Burns, John See Byrns
Burwell, Lewis, 298
Washington at, 264, 310
Burwell, Robert, 223, 234
Burwell, William,
Washington at, 196
Bush, Philip,
Washington at, 118, 128, 154,
155, 287
Bushby, » 195
Bushrod, Mrs. Hannah,
Washington at, 176
Bushy Run, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 123
Byerley, ;
Washington at, 120
Byrd, Mark, 146
Byrd, , 816, 345
Byrn, John, 168
Byrns (Burns), John, Tavern,
Washington at, 367, 380, 381,
382

 

 

 

 

 

Cacapehon Mountains, Virginia,
Washington at, 249
Cacapehon River, Virginia, 38
Washington at, 24, 25, 31, 32,
38, 52, 120
Cadwalader, John,
Washington at, 335, 366, 380

INDEX

 

Cadwalader, Thomas,
Washington at, 366
Cahoon, James, 38
Cakes, at elections, 186, 188, 280,
305
Calmers, Marquis, 28
Calvert, Benedict, 305, 318, 319,
331, 339, 351
Washington at, 318, 332, 333,
337, 339, 348, 352, 368
Calvert, Eleanor, 318, 339, 340,
841, 343
wedding, 348
Calvert, Elizabeth, 318, 352
Calvert, the Misses, 338, 339
Cameron, Virginia, 331
races, 217, 242
Washington at, 51, 68, 86, 188,
217, 261

Campbell, Andrew,
Washington at, 10

Campbell, Matthew, 313
Campbell, William, 164
Campbell, Mrs., Williamsburg,
Washington at, 161, 167, 173,
175, 179, 200, 203, 210, 227,
239, 241, 254, 255, 256, 262,
263, 264, 291, 292, 297, 303,
308, 309, 310, 311, 330, 353,
354, 355, 360
Campbell, , 193
Capahosick, Virginia,
Washington at, 176
Cape’s Tavern, New York, 335
Captening Creek, Ohio River,
Washington at, 280
Captain Johnny, Indian, 110
Cards, 19, 20, 67, 68, 69, 107, 113,
185, 224, 233, 342
Carlin, William,
Washington at, 246, 250390

Carlyle, John, 60, 62, 90, 95, 105,
106, 136, 137, 208
Washington at, 137, 214, 217,
231
Carlyle, Mrs. John (Sarah), 140,
14]
Carlyle, Nancy, 348
Carlyle, Sally, 208
Carney, Thomas, 30
Caroline County, Virginia,
Washington in, 144, 172, 173,
175, 179, 180, 194, 204,
209, 225, 228, 238, 241, 253,
257, 264, 265, 297, 303, 312,
326, 330, 347, 353, 357, 376
Caroline Court House, Virginia,
Washington at, 65, 67, 68,
95, 118, 181, 151, 199, 200,
291, 302, 308, 323, 343, 347
Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton,
Washington at, 301, 322
Carrol, Dempsey, Ordinary, Vir-
ginia,
Washington at, 111, 117
Carson’s Tavern, Pennsylvania,
368
Carter, Charles, 134
Washington at, 134, 135
Carter, Charles, Jr., 26
Carter, George, 234
Carter, James, 35
Carter, John, 290, 291
Carter, Lucy, 220
Carter, Robert, 189, 294
Washington at, 254

 

Carter, :
Washington at, 19
Carter, , 205

 

Washington at, 239
Carter estate, 234, 235
Cary, Archibald,
Washington at, 375

   

INDEX

Cary, Mary, 133
Casey, Peter,
Washington at, 13, 14
Castle William, Boston,
Washington at, 94
Catawba Indians, 110
Cates Marsh, Virginia,
Washington at, 9, 30
Causeway or Causey See Clai-
borne’s
Cedar Point, Maryland, 219
Washington at, 142, 191, 192
Centerville, Virginia, 369
Chairs, 179
Chamberlayne, William, 143
Washington at, 116, 129, 292
Chamberlayne, Mrs. William,
Washington at, 325
Chamberlayne’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 162
Chambers, , 213
Champe, John, 39, 40
Washington at, 134, 135
Charles City County, Virginia,
Washington in, 345
Charles County, Maryland,
Washington in, 296, 301, 319,
329
Charles Town, Maryland,
Washington at, 379
Charlton’s Inn (Mr. and Mrs.
Richard Charlton), Vir-
ginia, 203, 210, 291, 311,
326, 329, 330, 355, 356, 357,
860
Chattin’s Run, Virginia,
Washington at, 314, 350
Cherokee Indians, 102
Chester, Pennsylvania, 95
Washington at, 94, 334, 363,
867, 379Chestertown, Maryland,
Washington at, 334, 363
Chestnut Ridge, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 123
Chew, Benjamin,
Washington at, 365
Chew’s Ordinary, (Mrs. Chew),
Virginia, 138, 141
Washington at, 63, 130, 149,
162
Cheyne, Roderick,
Washington at, 379
Chichester, Richard, 243
Children’s books, 183
Chinaware, 113
Chiswell, John, 147, 148
Chiswell’s (Chissell’s) Ordinary,
Virginia,
Washington at, 62, 74, 109, 116,
125, 126
Chotank, Virginia, 220
Washington in, 4, 5, 6, 7, 16,
295, 380
Chotank Creek, Virginia, 5
Christ Church, Alexandria,
Washington attends, 338, 339,
340, 341, 358, 359, 366, 367,
369
Christiana Bridge, Delaware,
Washington at, 379
Christiana Ferry, Delaware,
Washington at, 363, 379
Church, Washington attends, 136,
138, 145, 208, 210, 212, 213,
214, 215, 217, 219, 225, 228,
229, 232, 236, 237, 242, 243,
245, 255, 257, 260, 261, 262,
264, 265, 269, 283, 284, 290,
293, 298, 306, 313, 315, 316,
317, 318, 328, 331, 338, 339,
B40, 341, 342, 348, 351, 352,
855, 358, 359, 361, 362, 365,

INDEX

    
  
 
    
  
    
  
   
   
  
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
    
   
  
  
  
  
   

391

Church—Con’t.
366, 367, 369, 372, 374, 377,
381
City Tavern, Philadelphia,
Washington at, 365, 379, 380,
381
Claiborne, P., 127
Claiborne’s (Claibourne’s),
Ferry, Causey or Ordi-
nary, Virginia, 145
Washington at, 62, 73, 74, 119,
127, 179, 196, 199, 204, 209,
211, 225, 226, 254, 325
Claiborne’s Quarters, Virginia,
Washington at, 143
Clarke, Gedney, 35, 36
Clarke, Thomas, 60
Cleve, Virginia,
Washington at, 134
Cleveland, Mrs., 202
Clifton, William, 139, 140, 141,
148
Clifton’s Neck or Purchase,
Mount Vernon, 206, 261
Cocke, Catesby, 140
Cock’s (Cox’s) Fort, Virginia, 84
Washington at, 83, 272, 282
Cock (Cocke, Cocks, Cox), Wil-
liam, 88, 91
Washington at, 72, 91, 105, 122
Cock-fight, 155
Coddy, ;
Washington at, 14, 15
Codley’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 271, 272
Coffen, , 245
Colchester, Virginia, 148, 195
Washington at, 133, 147, 153,
164, 169, 171, 172, 174, 175,
178, 180, 184, 186, 188, 192,
204, 209, 270, 283, 285, 286,
290, 308, 322, 343, 374392
Coleman, Reid, Ordinary, Vir-
ginia,
Washington at, 83, 110, 111,

127, 145, 147, 150, 155, 161,
262
College of Philadelphia,
Washington at, 380
Collins, John,
Washington at, 14
Colston, Thomas, 26
Colston, William, 100
Colston, 7
Washington at, 89
Colvill, John, 217
Colvill, Thomas, 206, 306
Colvill, Mrs., 307
Comb’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 118, 120, 128

Comlin, Peter, 28

 

Concerts,
Washington attends, 109, 199,

311
Conestoga Wagon Inn, Phila-

delphia,
Washington at, 380

Confluence, Pennsylvania, 54
Congress, Continental, 354, 364

committees, 380, 381, 382
entertained, 364, 367
Virginia delegates, 360
Washington at, 364, 366, 367,
880, 381, 382
weekly dinner, 380
Conogochieg, Maryland,
Washington at, 100
Convict Ship, 171
Washington visits, 192
Cooley, Patrick, Tavern,
mond,
Washington at, 375, 376
Corbin, Richard, 50
Corbin, Miss Lettice, 214

Rich-

 

   

INDEX

Coulthard, William, 62
Coupper, Robert, 31
Court,
Washington attends, 188,
206, 208, 209, 214,
223, 1, 232, 237, 244,
245, 2, 260, 261, 266,
269, 5 290, 298,
300, 12, 313, 316, 317,
320, 7, 328, 340, 341,
347, 3
Cowper, Dutch,
Washington at, 154

Cox, Presley, 317

195,
217,

Ct bb

bd to

O, 4095

bo

So D
© Wh Ww bb
: De :

WwW

wo >

8

= bo

Cozine, John, 28
Craig, Charles, 136, 137
Craik, James, 186, 271, 272, 273,
276, 286, 362
» 144
Crawford, Valentine, 112,
147, 272, 274, 304, 320
Vashington at, 235, 236, 250
Crawford, William, 53, 145, 146,
208, 276, 287, 323, 324, 325
Washington at, 10, 11, 12, 52,
272, 273, 282
Croftan, ———, 35
Croghan, George,
Washington at, 275
Crops, 201

Culpeper, Catherine, 139

 

Craik,

Culpeper County, 22
Washington appointed
veyor of, 21
Washington in, 22, 26
Culpeper Court House
Washington at, 21
Cumberland, New Kent,
Washington at, 131
Currin, Barnaby, 43
Cussewago, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 45

sur-Custis Children, 200
Custis, Daniel Parke, 128
Custis Estate, 144
Custis, John Parke, 173, 182, 183,
209, 203, 215, 216, 255, 258,
289, 283, 304, 311, 312, 313,
316, 317, 318, 321, 322, 323,
325, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332,
333, 335, 342, 345, 346, 359,
361
wedding, 348
wife, 351, 352
Custis, Martha (Patsy), 158, 209,
243, 246, 251, 255, 266, 267,
284, 285, 298, 299, 307, 308,
333, 343
health, 290
Custis, Martha Parke,
marriage, 126, 127
Custis, Plantation, Virginia,
Washington at, 119
160

 

Cuzzens, >.

Dagworthy, John, 92, 94, 108
Dalton, John, 74, 186
Washington at, 231, 260
Dances (balls, Assemblies),
Washington attends, 88, 94,
107, 131, 137, 149, 182, 208,
222, 224, 229, 230, 231, 301,
304, 310, 316, 320, 324, 325,
334, 342, 355, 359, 366, 367
Dandridge, Anna Maria,
See Bassett, Mrs. Burwell
Dandridge, Bartholomew,
173, 293, 345
Washington at, 197
Dandridge, Betsy, 228, 229, 237
Dandridge, John, 159
Dandridge, Mrs. John, 190, 356
Washington at, 129, 143, 263,
311

152,

INDEX

  

393

Dandridge, William, 228, 293
Dangerfield, William, 255
Dangerfield, 5» oF
Dangerfield, Mrs.,
Washington at, 293, 344
Danzies, Thomas, Ferry,
ginia, 82, 144
Washington at, 81, 82, 96, 109,
116, 131, 144, 151, 152, 158,
165, 172, 180
Daphne, (Inn)
Washington at, 238
Darrel, Sampson, 138
Davenport, Miss, 330
Davis, Thomas,
Washington at, 210
Davis, William, 28
Davis, -
Washington at, 293
Dawson, Mrs. Elizabeth Church-
ill,
Washington at, 209, 210, 227,
241, 254, 263, 291, 292, 297,
303, 308, 310, 325, 326, 344,
346, 347, 355, 356, 357, 360
Dawson, Isaac, 32
Dawson, William, 210, 370
Deer hunting, 304
DeLancey, James,
Washington at, 336
Dent, Miss, 118
Devil’s Back Bone, Allegheny
Mountains, 157
Dick, Charles, 206, 209
Dickinson, John, 240
Washington at, 365, 381
Digges, Betsy, 318
Digges, George, 305, 327, 331, 340
Digges, Ignatius, 217, 218, 300,
319
Washington at, 300, 319, 333,
339

 

Vir-394

Digges, Jenny, 318, 340
Digges, Joseph, 305
Digges, Tracy, 340
Digges, William, 217, 218, 327
Washington at, 2438, 300, 305,
318, 319, 327, 331, 339, 340,
841, 351, 352, 874
Dillans Run, Virginia,
Washington on, 81, 38
Dilowza, Joseph, 25
Dinwiddie, Robert, 37, 42, 50, 96,

105, 107
Dismal Swamp, Virginia, 165,
167
Washington at, 166, 172, 193,
199, 226

Dismal Swamp Adventure, 226
Dixon, Roger, 198
Doncastle’s Ferry and Ordinary,
Virginia,
Washington at, 82, 95, 97, 127,
329
Douglass, The Tragedy of, 223
Downs, William,
Washington at, 363, 367, 368
Drummond, Andrew,
Washington at, 39
Drummond, Betty, 16
Dulany, Benjamin, 331, 341
Washington at, 332
Dulany, Daniel, 340
Washington at, 301
Dulany, Lloyd, 331
Washington at, 300
Dumfries, Virginia, 225, 260
theater, 285

Washington at, 86, 95, 97,

114, 116, 180; 188, 185,
136, 150, 153, 162, 169,
170, 171, 172, 174, 175,

180, 184, 188, 199, 196, 197,

 

INDEX

   

  

Dumfries—Con’t.
216, 257, 262, 269, 285, 289,
290, 300, 308, 312, 320, 322,
847, 358, 375, 377
Dunmore, Lady,
ball in honor, 355
Duval, Samuel,
Washington at, 376

Eagle Tavern, Newgate,
Washington at, 369
Earley, =

 

Washington at, 85
Eastern Shore, 40
Easton, » 163
Eden, Robert, 254, 305, 318, 327,
331, 332, 333, 334
Washington at, 301, 332, 340
Edwards, Thomas, 24
Edwards’ Fort, Virginia,
Washington at, 52, 108
Eilbeck, Mrs. William, 295
Elections, 154, 186, 229, 250, 304,
359, 377
expenses, 188, 230, 305, 359
Elizabeth City County, Virginia,
Washington in, 166
Elizabeth Town, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335
Elk, 90
Ellis, , 340
Ellzey, Lewis, 289
Ellzey, Thomison, 215, 288
“Eltham,” Virginia,
Washington at, 173, 238, 254,
255, 256, 257, 262, 263, 292,
311 See also Bassett,
Burwell and Kent County
Enoch, Henry, 25
Washington at, 272
Epsewassen, (Mount Vernon),
Washington at, 2Essex County, Virginia,
Washington in, 172, 176, 177,
181, 194, 211, 257, 294, 296,
329
Evans, Mrs. _
Washington at, 102, 315
Evans’ Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 116, 177, 181
Everard, » O24

 

 

Fairfax, Bryan, 206, 207, 208,
214, 230, 251, 260, 269,
814, 320, 321
son, 242
Washington at, 271, 313
Fairfax, Denny Martin, 222
Fairfax, Ferdinando, 243
Fairfax, George William, 8, 13,
16, 22, 26, 29, 65, 129, 144,
147, 148, 181, 185, 191, 192,
202, 204, 230, 245, 248, 249,
320, 321, 339
sale, 361
sails for England, 338
Washington at, 125, 140, 188,
197, 224, 228, 231, 232, 305,
329
Fairfax, Mrs. George William,
111, 114, 118
Fairfax, Hannah, 225
Fairfax, Robert, 222, 230, 249,
265
Fairfax, Sarah, 136
Fairfax, Thomas, Lord, 15, 29,
81, 139, 140, 223, 230, 235,
244, 249, 287, 315
Fairfax, William, 8, 139, 141
Fairfax County, Virginia,
committee of safety, 371, 372,
3873
elections, 154, 186, 229, 250,
804, 359, 377

INDEX

395

 

Fairfax County—Con’t.
Independent Company,
3173, 376, 377, 378, 382
inhabitants meeting, 358
militia, 358
Washington in, 42, 51, 64, 71,
73, 104, 112, 145, 147, 150,
161, 175, 181, 184, 197, 205,
209, 222, 229, 230, 236, 242,
246, 247, 250, 260, 261, 271,
286, 288, 313, 314, 315, 320,
321, 331, 349, 350, 369, 370
Fairfax Court House (old), Vir-
ginia,
Washington at, 161
Fairfax Road and Run, Virginia,
Washington at, 28
Fairfield, Virginia,
Washington in, 349
Falmouth, Virginia,
Washington at, 185, 186
Farmer, Samuel,
Washington at, 335
Farmer, Brigantine, 351
Farmer’s Letters, 240
Fast, 355
Fauntleroy, Moore, 134
Fauquier, Francis, 144
Fauquier County, Virginia, 234
Washington at, 233, 235, 350
Feint, S010
Fendall’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 164
Ferry Farm, 253
Ferry fees, 198, 323
Fiddle, 203
Finances,
of Revolutionary War, 381
Finnie, Alexander, Ordinary,
Washington at, 62, 163
Fireworks, 347, 356
Fish, protection, 240

372,396

Fisher, William,
Washington at, 865
Fishing, 182, 194, 210, 211, 213,
218, 219, 270, 317, 339
Fishing Creek,
276
Fitzhugh, Henry, 254
Fitzhugh, William, of Stafford,
220
Fleming, William, 305
Flint, .
Washington at, 249
Forbes, John, 122
Ford, » 245
Fort Cumberland (Wills Creek),
Maryland, 88, 90, 92, 98,
103, 104, 105, 108, 120, 121,
273

Maryland troops at, 108

West Virginia,

 

 

ordered from, 108
rank dispute, 92, 94
theater, 105
Washington at, 73, 75, 78, 84,
88, 91, 98, 99, 100, 105, 108,
121, 122, 282
Fort Dinwiddie, Virginia, 85
Washington at, 84, 102
Fort Duquesne, Pennsylvania, 53
Washington at, 124 See
Fort Pitt
Fort Le Boeuf,
Washington at, 45, 46

also
Pennsylvania,

Fort Loudoun, Virginia, 108
aid for, 148

Fort
surrendered, 59

Necessity, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 58

Fort Pitt, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 274, 275, 281

Foster, Isaac, 28

Fountain Tavern, Philadelphia,

Washington at, 107

 

   

INDEX

Four Mile Run, Virginia,
Washington at, 373
Fout, George, 38
Fox, Robert, 28
Fox Grape Vine Creek (Buffalo,
or Sculp Creek),
Washington at, 277, 280
Fox hunting, 206, 207, 230, 231,
236, 260, 261, 328
Fox’s Inn, Virginia,
Washington at, 134
Foy, Edward, 328
Franklin, William,
Washington at, 335
Frazer’s Ferry, Virginia, 212
Washington at, 211, 294
Frazier, John, 45
Washington at, 43, 48, 49
Frederick, Maryland,
Washington at, 72, 73
Frederick County, Virginia, 160,
168, 169
Washington in, 23, 24, 25, 26,
27, 28, 29, 81, 32, 88, 40, 41,
64, 71, 145, 146, 150, 154,
155, 161, 168, 169, 177, 201,
202, 205, 234, 235, 286, 247,
248, 250, 271, 282, 287, 288,
315, 370, 371
Frederick Town, Cecil county,
Maryland,
Washington at, 106
Fredericksburg, Virginia, 26, 90,
97, 109, 134, 142, 170, 188,
197, 267, 299, 819
ball, 149, 172
fair, 149, 155
lots, 67
market house, 113
masonic lodge, 40
officers meeting in, 267
theater, 297Fredericksburg—Con’t.
Washington at, 3, 18, 19,
20, 21, 22, 28, 24, 27, 37,
38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 63, 65, 66,
67, 68, 82, 83, 86, 89, 90, 97,
98, 109, 113, 114, 115, 116,
119, 129, 180, 135, 149, 151,
152, 155, 158, 162, 169, 170,
172, 174, 180, 183, 185, 186,
187, 188, 190, 191, 192, 195,
197, 198, 205, 209, 215, 225,
228, 233, 238, 253, 257, 262,
265, 267, 268, 269, 291, 297,
299, 302, 303, 308, 312, 319,
323, 326, 327, 343, 347, 353,
357, 359, 361, 375, 376
Freeman, Samuel, 31
French, Mrs. Penelope, 320, 331
French, 5 245
French Creek, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 45, 46
Frontier, Inhabitants,
Washington’s address to, 87
Fry, Joshua, 51
Frying Pan Mine, 289
Funk, John, 102
Washington at, 101

 

Gage, Thomas,
Washington at, 336
Gaine, ;
Washington at, 143
Gale’s Marsh, Virginia, 261
Galloway, Samuel,
Washington at, 300, 301
Galt’s Tavern, Richmond,
Washington at, 375, 376
Gardner’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 186, 188, 191
Garner, John, 38
Gaspie, burned, 356
Genn, James, 8

 

INDEX

 

397

Georges Creek, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 75, 76, 273, 282
Georgetown, Kent County, Mary-

land,

Washington at, 108, 334
Georgetown on Potomac, Mary-

land,

Washington at, 260, 307, 369
Giberne, Isaac William, 133, 135
Gillam, Joseph,

Washington at, 273, 282
Gist, Christopher, 43, 45, 47, 48

Washington at, 49, 57, 112
Gist, John, 149
Glebe, Truro Parish, 137
Gloucester County, Virginia,

Washington in, 176, 239, 310
Golden Buck Inn, Virginia,

Washington at, 118 See also

Bush, Philip
Goose Creek, Virginia,

Washington at, 288, 314, 350

Governors, Phila-
delphia, orders Washing-
ton to leave Fort Cumber-
land, 108

Governor’s Club, Philadelphia,

Washington at, 366, 380
Great Bend, Ohio River,

Washington near, 278, 279
Great Bridge, Virginia,

Washington at, 166
Great Cacapehon, Virginia,

Washington at, 14, 15
Great Falls See Potomac
Great Hockhocking River, Ohio,

Washington at, 277, 279
Great Meadows, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 54, 56, 58, 77
Graham, Edward, 268
Graham, John, 283, 286
Washington at, 289

 

eouncil at398

Graham, Richard, Ordinary,
Washington at, 375

Grant, , 213

Grayson’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 182

Green, Charles, 137, 141

Green, David, 65

Green, Jonas, 157

 

Green Spring, Virginia,
Washington at, 50
Greenlaw, Peter, 127
Greenway Court, Virginia, 8
Washington at, 24, 170, 235,
287
Gregory, Mildred, 1
Griffin, Samuel,
Washington at, 364, 367, 380,
881
xriffin, , 166
Grub, Benjamin, 30
Guide, 378
Gunston, John, 69

 

“Gunston Hall,” Virginia,
Washington at, 304, 333
Gunter’s scale, 6

Hale’s Husbandry, 152
Half-King, Indian, 44, 55, 57
Halifax County, Virginia,
Washington in, 102
Halkerston,
Washington at, 142
Hamilton, Andrew, 364
Hamilton, James,
Washington at, 366
Hamilton, William,
Washington at, 364, 367, 381
Hamilton, , 156
Hampshire County, Virginia,
Washington in, 272
Hampton, Virginia,
Washington at, 166

 

 

  

   

INDEX

Hanover County, Virginia,
Washington in, 215

Hanover Court House, Virginia,
Washington at, 375

Hardin, John, 87
Washington at, 71

Hardin’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 118, 119

Hardwick, Thomas, 146

Harewood, Virginia,
Washington at, 349

Harper, John, 373

Harris, a
Washington at, 101

Harrison, Benjamin, 360

 

Harrison, Nathaniel,
Washington at, 220, 242
Harrison, Robert, 252, 253, 296
Harrison, William, 276
Hart, 0
Havana,
captured, 160
Havre de Grace, Maryland,
Washington at, 379
Hawkins, Mrs.,
Washington at, 347, 872, 374,
377, 378
Hawthorn, oto
Hay, Anthony,

 

 

7, 199, 208,
54, 255, 263,

Raleigh

Washington et, 12
239, 240, 241, 2
353 =See
Tavern

also

Haynes, Joshua, 29
Heath, Daniel,
Washington at, 334
Heath, Henry,
Washington at, 154
Hecksman’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 164
Hedges, Joshua,
Washington at, 202, 248, 249Hedges, Solomon,
Washington at, 12
Henderson, Alexander, 245
Henry, Patrick, 360, 362
Herbert, William, 378
Hereford, ;
Washington at, 248
Heyden, Jervis, 68, 89
Hickey, John, Virginia,
Washington at, 102
Higgins, John, 248
Hill, Henry,
Washington at, 365, 381
Hill, James, 325, 326
Hill, , 217, 218
Hite, Jacob,
Washington at, 122, 155, 177,
248
Hite, Jost,
Washington at, 15, 30
Hobb’s Hole, (Tappahannock),
Virginia,
Washington at, 37, 113, 115,
177, 178, 181, 212
Hodgdon, "
Washington at, 155
Hoes, Rice, Ferry,
Washington at, 142, 145, 168,
174, 179, 181, 194, 200, 204,
214, 218
Hog Island, James River,
Washington at, 196, 226, 227
Hogg, Peter, 103
Hollis, , 155
Hollis’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 104
Hollis’s Marsh
River,
Washington at, 219
Hopper’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 120

 

 

 

 

bar, Potomac

INDEX

 

Horse races See Races
Horses, 71, 102
Hough, John, 288
Howard, Mrs.,
Washington at, 368
Hubbard, Benjamin, Ordinary,
Washington at, 126, 130, 151,
152, 164, 172, 183, 187, 197,
199, 209, 225, 238, 257, 264,
291, 297, 302, 303, 312, 323,
326, 343, 347
Hughes, Hugh, 25
Hughs, 5
Washington at, 153
Hull’s Tavern, New York,
Washington at, 335, 336
Humphras, Mrs., 23
Hunt, William, 202
Hunter, James, Ferry, 26, 67, 89
Washington at, 169, 312, 353,
357, 359, 361, 375
Hunter, John, 73, 74, 151
Hunter, William, 89
Hunter, The (Indian), 44
Hunting, 211, 278, 279, 349 See
also Fox hunting

 

Inconstant, The, or The Way to
Win Him, 223
Indians, 117, 148
depredations, 86, 96
provision for, 114
war dance, 11
Industry, 36
Irving, Washington, 4
Isaac, Samuel, 28
Isle of Wight County, Virginia,
Washington in, 196, 226, 227
Ives, a
Washington at, 165400 INDEX

Jackson, Jonathan, 814
James City County, Virginia,
Washington in, 264
Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas,
214, 289
Washington at, 168, 301, 322,
342
Jenkins, Samuel,
Washington at, 64
Jenkins, William, 43
Jenkins, — , 114
Jenny, launching of, 224
Johnson, Robert, 111
Johnson, Samuel, 243

 

Johnson’s Ferry, Potomac River,
Washington at, 352

Johnson’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 172

Johnston, Abram,
Washington at, 12

Johnston, George, 28, 30, 38, 41,

138, 147, 148

Johnston, John, 156

Johnston, Mary, 30

Johnston, Robert, 40

Jones, Edward, 257

Jones, E., 312

Jost, John, 260

Julian’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 113, 130, 152,

172, 257

Jumonville, :
death of, 56, 59

Jump, Isabella, 28

 

Kanhawa River, 275, 276

Washington on, 278, 279

 

Kennedy, :
Washington at, 336

Kent County, Maryland,

Washington in, 362

 

Keys’ Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 150
Keys’ Gap, Blue Ridge Moun-
tains, 52
Kiashuta (Indian), 278, 279
Kimball, Peter, 249
Washington at, 335
King and Queen County, Vir-
ginia, 62
Washington in, 165, 175, 199,
209, 225, 257, 294, 296, 308,
823, 329, 344, 345, 353, 356,
357, 260
King George County, Virginia,
Washington in, 3, 4, 5, 16, 19,
22, 26, 39, 63, 67, 133, 142,
165, 167, 168, 200, 204, 242,
296, 319, 327, 329, 347
King William County, Virginia,
Washington in, 81, 88, 116, 119,
131, 143, 162, 164, 165, 172,
175, 179, 180, 193, 196, 199,
200, 208, 204, 209, 210, 211,
225, 238, 241, 262, 291, 293,
296, 302, 303, 308, 312, 325,
329, 344, 345, 346, 347, 357,
359, 360
King William Court House, Vir-
ginia, 67
Washington at, 61, 62, 63, 95,
97, 178, 228, 254, 264, 296,
297, 326, 330, 347, 359, 361
Kinnar, . old
Kirkpatrick, John, 190, 317
Kirkpatrick, , 180

 

 

Lacey’s Ordinary, Virginia, 15
Laidler’s Ordinary, Maryland,
218
Washington at, 181, 194, 200,
203, 296, 329
Lake Drummond, Virginia,
Washington at, 227Lanahan, , 2d
Lancaster, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 337
Land, for Virginia officers, 268,
271, 286, 287, 319, 320, 322,
323, 326
Lane, Joseph,
Washington at, 294
Langdon, Mrs., 83
Laurel Mountain, Pennsylvania,
54, 123
Laurie, James, 137
Lawson, James,
Washington at, 209, 267, 302
Layton’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 37, 127, 165
Lee, Charles, 372
Lee, George,
rents Mount Vernon, 97, 98
Lee, Henry,
Washington at, 225, 299, 327
Lee, Mrs. Mary, 220
Lee, Richard Henry, 360
Lee, Thomas Sim, 217, 218
Lee, William, 272
Lee, >
Washington at, 165
Leeds Ferry, Virginia, 37
Leeds Town, Virginia,
Washington at, 167, 181, 296
Leesburg, Virginia,
Washington at, 150, 155, 161,
168, 170, 177, 181, 182, 202,
271, 288, 314, 349, 371
Leitch, Andrew, 377
Washington at, 375
Lemart, Lewis,
Washington at, 350
Lewis, Charles, 152
Lewis, David, 103
expedition against Cherokees,
102

 

 

INDEX

  

401

Lewis, Fielding, 17, 19, 37, 38, 39,
40, 41, 67, 118, 116, 149,
169, 213, 218, 225, 226, 233,
234, 235, 299
Washington at, 119, 196, 209,
233, 253, 257, 262, 265, 267,
268, 291, 292, 297, 302, 308,
312, 320, 323, 326, 343, 347,
353, 357, 359, 361, 376
Lewis, George, 57, 82, 86, 91
Lewis, John, 19, 21, 22, 27
Lewis, Warner, 239
Washington at, 310
Lewis, , 5, 24, 209
Washington at, 83
Lick Branch, Virginia,
Washington on, 31
Lightning, 147
Lindsay, Robert, 25
Lindsey, John, 29
Little Beaver Creek, Pennsyl-
vania,
Washington near, 276
Little Cacapehon, Virginia,
Washington on, 25, 32
Little Hunting Creek,
Washington at, 2, 3
Little Meadows, Pennsylvania,
274
Washington at, 78
Littledale, , 148
Lloyd, 2
Washington at, 322
Loftan, Thomas, 28
Logstown, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 44

 

 

 

 

Lomax, 5 305
London Coffee House, Phila-
delphia,

Washington at, 107
Long Marsh, Virginia,
Washington at, 9, 28, 29, 30, 31402

Long Reach, Ohio River,
Washington at, 277, 280

Loudoun, Earl of, 106

Loudoun County, Virginia,
Washington in, 234, 314, 315

Lost River, Virginia,
Washington on, 38

Loyal Hanna, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 123, 124

Lucket’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 175

Lynn, Mary, 188

Lynton’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 197

McBride, Francis, 38
McCarty, Daniel, 245, 259
Washington at, 140, 216, 225,
229, 243, 317, 348, 374
McCay, James, 25
McCracken, :

Washington at, 78, 79
McCrae, Alexander, 283
McCrae, Allan,

Washington at, 133
Macrae, Allen, 286
McFadden, George H., 337
McGachin, William, 171, 192
McGee’s Ordinary, Virginia,

Washington at, 101
McGill, , 155
McGuire, (M’Quire), John, 43
McGrath’s Ordinary, Virginia,

Washington at, 81, 88, 143
Machodoe (Machodic), Creek

and Ferry, Virginia, 219

Washington at, 164, 174, 219

Mackay, , 182

 

 

 

McKeaver, Darby, Jr., 25
McKee, Alexander,
Washington at, 276

 

INDEX

  

 

McKeesport, Pennsylvania, 49

McNeill, John, 102

Macon, Elizabeth, 225

Macon, William, 225

Madden, John, 28

Madison, James, 357

Magowan, Walter, 242, 260, 261,
307, 341

Maidstone, Virginia,

troops withdrawn from, 110

 

Malibone, :
Washington at, 93
Manley, Molly, 320
Marlborough, Maryland,
Washington at, 106, 157, 159,
200, 301, 342, 878
Marshall, John, 4
Marshall, Thomas, 252
Martin, Thomas Bryan, 140, 148
Martin’s Landing, Maryland,
Washington at, 295
Maryland,
Washington in, 153, 165, 174,
179, 249, 272, 295, 300, 318
Mason, George, 140, 148, 285, 304,
358, 362, 377
Washington at, 333
Mason, Mary, 230
Mason, Thomson, 140, 215
Mason, ;
Washington at, 111
Mason’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 153

 

Masonic order, 40
Massachusetts, delegates to Con-
gress,
Washington with, 381
Massey, Lee, 245, 32%
Massy, Mary, 7

 

Masterson, » 82
Mather, 1 LL
Mathias Point, Virginia, 5Mattapony River, Virginia, 61

Washington on, 356
Matthews, Patrick, 40
Mease, James,

Washington at, 335, 365, 381
Measles, 132
Mendenhall’s Mills, Virginia,

Washington at, 155
Mercer, George, 86, 92, 95
Mercer, James, 66, 67, 349, 350,

370, 378
Mercer, John, 369, 370
Merchants, British,
petition against Colonial paper
money, 163
Meredith, Samuel,
Washington at, 335, 366, 380,
381
Merrie, >» 90
Microcosm, Washington visits, 93
Middlesex County, Virginia,

Washington at, 176
Miers (Myers), Mrs.,

Washington at, 274, 275, 281
Mifflin, Thomas,

Washington at, 364, 367, 369
Militia muster, 188, 261, 331
Mill, 183, 285, 286
Miller, ————_,

Washington at, 101
Mills’ Branch, Virginia,

Washington on, 31, 32
Miner, Nicholas,

Washington at, 71
Mingo Town, Ohio,

Washington at, 276, 281
Minor, John, 217
Mississippi Company, 216
Mitchell, Burgess, 159
Mitchell, David, 102
Mitchell, James,

Washington at, 167

 

INDEX

403

 

Mitchell, a) Lt 26
Money, paper in Colonies, 163
River, Pennsyl-

 

Monongahela
vania, 53
battle of, 78, 99
Washington at, 49, 78
Montgomerie, Thomas, 306, 807.
Washington at, 285, 289
Montgomery, James,
Washington at, 102
Moore, Bernard,
Washington at, 293, 345
Moore, Thomas, 263
Morgan, Charles, 276
Morgan, Haynes,
Washington at, 85
Morgan, John,
Washington at, 366
Morgan’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 234
Morgan, "
Washington at, 249
Morris, Robert,
Washington at, 335, 381
Moss’ Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 271, 349, 371
Mossum, David, 126, 149
Mount Airy, Maryland,
Washington at, 318, 319, 332,
837, 339, 348
Mount Braddock, Pennsylvania,
57
Mount Eagle, Virginia, 207
Mount Vernon, 4, 66, 70, 113, 176,
179, 183, 186, 192, 193, 195,
200, 203, 242, 312
housekeeper, 202
mill, 82
schoolhouse, 154
supplies, 156
Washington at, 7, 16, 17,
PAV YA GY4, «3, GEE | GEL404

Mount Vernon—(Con’t.
70, 71, 79, 81, 82, 100, 101,
112, 118, 114, 115, 126, 128,
129, 130, 131, 183, 185, 186,
137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142,
145, 147, 149, 150, 151, 153,
154, 155, 157, 159, 160, 161,
162, 164, 168, 169, 171, 174,
175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181,
182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187,
188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 194,
195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201,
202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208,
214, 215, 216, 217, 222, 22%
224, 228, 229, 230, 231, 2
286, 242, 243, 244, 246, 2:
251, 258, 259, 262, 265, 2
270, 283, 284, 285, 286, 288,
289, 290, 295, 298, 300, 301,
803, 304, 305, 306, 307, 312,
813, 316, 317, 319, 320, 321,
322, 327, 330, 331, 332, 338,
840, 342, 347, 348, 350, 351,
352, 858, 359, 361, 368, 371,
872, 3738, 376

Mounts, Richard, 145

Moxley, Richard,

Washington at, 68, 86

Moylan, Stephen, 362

Muir, John, 208, 230

Mullen, Peg, Beefsteak House,

Washington at, 366

Mullin, William, 31

Mullon, Thomas, 38

Murdering (Murthering), Town,
Pennsylvania, 47

Musgrove, Edward, 28

Muskingum River, Ohio, 277

Washington near, 279
Music, 186, 194
Washington’s tuition, 18

   

INDEX

Myrtilla, servant, 68, 114

Nangamy, Maryland, 218
Washington at, 129, 1380, 221
Nangamy Church, Maryland, 295
Nansemond County, Virginia,
Washington in, 196
Nation, , 188
Neavil, George, 28
Washington at, 8, 24, 86, 89
Neavil, John, 273
Neavil, Joseph,
Washington at, 89
Neck Plantation, Mount Vernon,
206
Negroes See Slaves,
Nelson, William, 40
New Jersey,
Washington in, 335, 336
New Kent Court House,
Washington at, 211, 345
New Kent County, Virginia, 149
Washington in, 119, 126, 129,
143, 152, 167, 178, 187, 193,
196, 197, 204, 210, 225, 228,
238, 241, 254, 255, 256, 262,
263, 264, 291, 292, 298, 296,
297, 302, 303, 308, 311, 312,
823, 325, 326, 330, 345, 353,
354, 359, 360
New Tavern, Philadelphia,
Washington at, 363, 364, 367
Newtown, Maryland,
Washington at, 106, 368, 867
New Town, Virginia,

 

Washington at, 155
New York City, 93
entertains Gage, 335-6
protection of, 380
theater, 336
Washington at, 93, 94, 335
Newark, New Jersey,
Washington near, 336Newcastle, Delaware,
Washington at, 334, 363, 367
Newcastle, Virginia,
Washington at, 131
Newgate, Virginia,
Washington at, 369
Newton, John, 25
Nicholas, Robert Carter,
Washington at, 360
Nicholson, Joseph, 276
Nomany, Maryland,
Washington at, 203
Nomoni, Virginia, 27, 212, 218,

294,
Washington in, 19, 211, 219,
220, 294
Non-Importation, 266, 324
Norfleet, .

 

Washington at, 226
Norfolk, Virginia,
Washington at, 165
Norfolk County, Virginia,
Washington in, 166, 197, 226
North Carolina,
Washington in, 226
North Mountain, Virginia, 155
North Ridge, Allegheny Moun-
tains, 157
Northern Neck, Virginia, 15, 40

Oats, 181, 185
Occoquan, Virginia, 195
Washington at, 65, 183, 184,
185, 197
Occoquan Ferry, Virginia, 109
Washington at, 114, 130, 133,
186, 140, 158, 162, 169, 174
Ogle, Benjamin,
Washington at, 342
Ohio Company, 17
Ohio-Pile Falls, 54

INDEX

    
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
 
  
  
  
 

405

Ohio River, Pennsylvania, forks,
51
fort surrendered, 51
Washington at, 44
Washington’s journey to the,

51, 271
Washington on, 275-281
Opequon (Opekon), Virginia,
156, 235

Washington at, 248
Orr, John, 230
Oysterman,

conduct at Mount Vernon, 132
Oysters, 256

Page, John, 357
Page, Mann,
Washington at, 176
Pamunky River, Virginia, 143,
184
Paris, (Pearis),
Parker, John, 25
Parker’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 225, 228, 253
Parsons, , 213
Paspetank River, Virginia, 166
Patterson Creek, Virginia,
guard at, 88
Washington at, 12, 53, 84
Payne, Edward, 245

, 156, 157

 

 

Washington at, 222, 229, 315,
350

Payne’s Church, Virginia, 223,
289

Washington at, 222
Pearsall, Job,
Washington at, 52, 88, 108, 120
Pemberton, Joseph,
Washington at, 365
Pendleton, Edmund, 343, 360,
362406

Penn, Richard,
Washington at, 334, 335, 364,
381
Pennington, Isaac, 28
Washington at, 8, 9
Pennsylvania,
Assembly entertains Congress,
367
Hospital, 365
Washington at boundary line,
249
Pequemin River, Virginia, 166
Petapsco Ferry, Maryland,
Washington at, 379
Peyton’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 233, 237, 238,
253, 288, 299, 319
Peyton, Francis,
Washington at, 869, 370
Philadelphia, 93, 95
Assembly balls, 94, 107, 834,
366, 367
entertains Congress, 364
governors’ meeting at, 106, 108
jockey club, 334
races, 333
Washington at, 92, 94, 95, 107,
334, 336, 363, 364, 365, 366,
879, 380, 381, 382
Philipse Family, 93
Pickett, ;
Washington at, 86
Piersley, Daniel, 32
Piney Creek, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 47
Piper, Henry, 216, 298, 305
Piscataway, Virginia,
Washington at, 176, 181
Piscataway Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 115
Piscataway Town, Maryland,

 

Washington at, 332

INDEX

  

Pleasants, Samuel,

Washington, at, 364, 381
Pohick Church, Virginia, 321
Washington at, 162, 182,

193, 198,
208, 214,
232, 233, 236,
245, 260,
283, 284,
804, 306,
$22, 331,
349, 351, 352,
369, 372, 374, 377
Pohick Run, Virginia,
Washington at, 321

Polk, Charles,

Washington at, 10
Pomphret, Eliza, 188
Poole, William, 132
Pope’s Creek, Virginia,

Washington at

202,

228,
242,
265,
296,
316,
342,

Port Conway, Virginia, 134

Port Royal, Virginia,

Washington

133,

185,
205,
229,
243,
269,
298,
317,
348,

358, 361, 362,

134,

144, 178, 175, 178, 179, 194,
200, 204, 242, 329, 330
Port Tobacco, Maryland,

Washington at,

330

Portsmouth, Virginia,
Washington at,

Posey, John, 26,

230, 251

sale, 252, 253

2, 214,

329,

130, 206, 207,

Washington at, 182, 252, 253

Posey, Milly, 316
Posey’s Ferry, V

Washington at, 142, 174, 177
Potomac Creek, Virginia, 5

Washington at, 183
Potomac Navigation

369, 373

Company,Rotomac Path, Virginia, 142
Potomac River, Virginia,
boat race, 352
great falls, 17, 182, 195
little falls, 283
South Branch, 13, 110
Washington on, 13, 17, 31,
32, 34, 52, 110, 182, 195,
218, 218, 219, 220, 270, 283,
817, 332, 352
Potts, George, 32
Powder, 374
Powell, Joseph, 25
Prayers, 103
Presbyterian Meeting,
Washington at, 366

Prince George County, Mary-
land,
Washington in, 243, 305, 333,
339, 362
Prince William County, Virginia,
Independent Company, 372,
377, 382

Washington in, 207
Princeton, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335, 336
Pritchard, Samuel,
Washington at, 272
Profanity,
order against, 99
Province Arms, New York, 335
Province Island, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 364, 367, 380
Pugh, Evan and Jacob, 25
Pugh, >
Washington at, 272
Pullet’s, Joseph, Washington at,
193
Punch, 67, 291

 

Quaker Meeting, Philadelphia,
Washington attends, 365

INDEX

  

407

Queen Anne, Maryland, 363
Washington at, 362

Races,
subscription to, 144, 167, 178,
203, 239
Washington attends, 128, 149,
217, 224, 229, 242, 321, 322,
333, 341, 342
Raleigh Tavern (Hay’s, South-
all’s), Williamsburg, 109,
354
Washington at, 63, 263, 344,
356, 357
Ramsay, Alexander, 231
Ramsay, Betsy, 208
Ramsay, Mrs.
Ramsay, 5
Randolph, John,
Washington at, 360
Randolph, Peyton, 355, 360, 364
Washington at, 360
Randolph, Mrs.,
Washington at, 376
Rappahannock River, Virginia,
Washington at, 1, 3, 4, 115,
184
Rattle snake, 15
Rays Town, Pennsylvania, 121,
122, 123
Washington at, 122
Reardon, Daniel, 276
Reasmer, Nicholas, 88
Recruiting Officer, The, 285
Red Lion Inn, Delaware,
Washington at, 106
Red Stone, Pennsylvania, 53, 56,
57, 271
Reddick, Edward,
Washington at, 166
Reddick, » 226
Washington at, 227

, 337, 378

 

 

111408

Reed, Joseph,

Washington at, 336, 379
Reed, Miss, 338
Reinsburg, John, 166
Rhode Island,

Washington in, 93
Rhodes’ Ordinary, Virginia,

Washington at, 172
Richmond, Virginia, 374

Washington at, 375, 376
Richmond County, Virginia,

Washington in, 181, 294
Ridout, John,

Washington at, 301, 322, 342
Rifle, 260
Ring, 118
Ringgold, Thomas,

Washington at, 334
Rinkers, Jasper,

Washington at, 272, 282
Rise, Patrick, 28
“River Farm,” Mount Vernon, 206
Farm, King George

County,

Washington at, 3, 4
Roanoke, Virginia, 102
Roberdeau, Mrs. Daniel,

Washington at, 367
Roberts, 7

Washington at, 166
Robinson, Beverley,

Washington at, 93, 94
Robinson, John, 226

Washington at, 181, 210
Robinson, Nicholas, 25
Rock Creek, Virginia,

Washington at, 83
Rockhall, Maryland,

Washington at, 334, 362, 363,

368
Rockahock, Virginia,
Washington at, 292, 325

River

 

   

INDEX

Roe, Richard, 6
Rogers, Owen, 32
Rogers, William,
Washington at, 379
Rollin’s, :
Washington at, 342
Root, John, 211
Romney, Virginia,
Washington at, 273
Rosewell, Virginia,
Washington at, 176
Ross, Hector, 252, 270, 285, 289
Ross, John,
Washington at, 365
Ross, , 197
Roy, Boswell, Ordinary,
Washington at, 353, 358, 359,
861, 371, 376
Rozier, ;
Washington at, 153
Ruffin’s Ferry and Ordinary,
Washington at, 238, 254, 262,
291, 302, 308, 311, 329, 353,
359
Rumney, William, 296, 317
Rush, Benjamin,
Washington at, 367

 

 

 

Russes Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 203
Rutherford, . 29

Rutledge, James,
Washington at, 12, 13

Rutledge, John,
Washington at, 381

 

St. Clair, Sir John, 118, 119
St. Mary’s Church, Philadelphia,
Washington at, 366
St. Mary’s County, Maryland,
Washington in, 145, 168, 177,
194, 200, 203, 204, 214, 221St. Paul’s Church, Westmore-
land,

Washington at, 213
St. Peter’s Church, New Kent,

Washington at, 210, 293
St. Peter’s Church, Philadelphia,

Washington at, 365
Sanford, Robert, 224
Saunders, Samuel, 36
Saunders, » 221
Schoolhouse, Mount Vernon, 154
Schooner (Washington’s) 191,

192, 193, 195, 218
Schuylkill Ferry, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 367
Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 92
Sculp Creek (Fox Grape Vine or

Buffalo Creek), Ohio,

Washington at, 277
Seldon, Samuel,

Washington at, 133
Sellars, Charles, 88
Semple, John, 270, 285, 289, 306,

307
Semple, Samuel,

Washington at, 275, 281
Servants, indentured, 373
Shannapins, Pennsylvania, 47
Sharpe, Horatio

Washington at, 107, 332
Shaw, William, 305
Shawnese Indians, 91
Shawnee Town, West Virginia,

Washington at, 278
Shenandoah River, Virginia,

Washington at, 28, 29, 64
Shenandoah Valley, Virginia,

Washington in, 128-9, 155

Washington travels up, 101
Shepherds Town, Virginia, 155

 

INDEX

    
   
  
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
  
  
  
 
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  

409

Sheridan Point, Potomac River,
270

Shingiss (Indian), 44

Ship Tavern, Pennsylvania, 337;
Washington at, 336

Shippen, Edward,

Washington at, 566, 380
Shippen, Joseph,

Washington at, 381
Shippen, William,

Washington at, 363, 365
Shippen, William, Jr., 366, 379
Shirley, Walter, 32
Shirley, William, 90, 92, 96

Washington visits, 94
Shirley, Virginia,

Washington at, 345
Shirts, 28, 110, 118

 

Shoes, 22
Short Hills Gap, Virginia, 111
Siers,

Washington at, 165, 167
Sign of the Buck Tavern, Penn-
sylvania,
Washington at, 338
Sign of the Bull Tavern, Penn-
sylvania,
Washington at, 337
Slade’s Tavern, Maryland,
Washington at, 337
Slaves (Negroes),
ownership, 159
purchased, 39, 66, 106, 216, 263
Slight of Hand, 201, 251
Small pox, 145, 147
Smith, Augustine, 212
Smith, Charles, 120
Smith, G., 28
Smith, John, 219, 220
Washington at, 294
Smith, Philip, 372410 INDEX

Smith, Sylvanus, 25
Smith, Thomas, 220
Washington at, 219, 366
Smith, , Philadelphia,
Washington at, 363, 367, 380
Smith, , 138
Washington at, 294
Smithfield, Virginia,
Washington at, 227
Snead’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 173, 179, 194,
200
Snickers, Edward,
Washington at, 155, 170, 205,
236, 247, 250, 282, 288, 315,
349, 370
Snickers’ Gap, Blue Ridge
Mountains, 15, 52
Washington at, 97, 98, 104, 108,
109, 110, 112, 117
Snuff, 199
Society for Promoting Useful
Knowledge, 357

 

 

Somerfield, Pennsylvania, 59
Sorrel Horse Tavern, Pennsyl-
vania, 337
Washington at, 336
South River, Maryland,
Washington at, 106, 108, 321,
368
Southall, James Barret (Raleigh
Tavern),
Washington at, 109, 165, 173,
175, 292, 297, 310, 311, 324,
825, 344, 346, 347, 353, 355,
357
Southern Colonies,
Governors’ meeting, 106
Southern’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 143
Southard, Hannah, 28
Spearing, Mrs. Ann, 68, 69, 85

 

Spearing, , 68
Spindeloe’s Camp, Maryland,
Washington at, 75
Spotswood, Alexander,
Washington at, 66, 68, 113
Spotsylvania County, Virginia,
Independent Company, 372,
3882
Washington in, 303
Sprigg, Thomas, 318, 319
Washington at, 342
Stafford County, Virginia,
Independent Company, 375
Washington in, 4, 5, 6, 17,
16, 133, 184, 175, 179, 181,
184, 187, 200, 204, 209, 213,
214, 220, 225, 233, 237, 253,
257, 262, 265, 267, 269, 290,
295, 296, 298, 299, 300, 302,
307, 308, 312, 319, 320, 322,
327, 342, 359, 374
Stafford Court House, Virginia,
Washington at, 61, 170, 174,
175, 191, 216
Stallens, Elias, 166
Stamp Act, 190
State House, Philadelphia,
Congress entertained at, 364
State Island, Pennsylvania, 364
Staunton, (Augusta Court
House), 101
Washington at, 85, 102, 103
Stedlar, John, 186, 194, 200
Stephen, Adam, 61, 86
Stephens, Richard, 129, 130
Stephens Town, Virginia, 146
Stephenson, Mrs. Honora,
Washington at, 250
Stephenson, John,
Washington at, 281
Stephenson, Richard, 28, 38, 41,
250Stephenson, Richard—Con’t.
daughter, 161
Washington at, 64, 112, 145
Stevenson’s inn, Maryland,
Washington at, 379
Steward, Henry, 43
Stewart, Robert, 107

 

Stewart, , 50, 51, 306, 307
Stewart’s Crossing, Pennsyl-
vania,

Washington at, 274, 282

Stirling, Lord See Alexander,
William
Stith, John,

Washington at, 220
Stone, ,» 103
Stowe, ;

Washington at, 226
Strother, Anthony, 22, 63, 67
Stuart, David,

Washington at, 301
Stump, Michael,

Washington at, 13
Suffolk County, Virginia,

Washington in, 196, 226
Sugar Creek, Pennsylvania,

Washington at, 45
Sugar Land Run, Virginia, 111
Sutton, .

Washington at, 338
Swearingen, Thomas,

Washington at, 72

 

 

 

Talbot, (Nancy West), Mrs., 110
Washington at, 288
Tappahannock See Hobb’s Hole,
Taylor’s Ordinary,
Washington at, 61
Tent, 268
Theater,
Washington attends, 105, 151,
162, 163, 165, 209, 210, 264,
285, 291, 292, 297, 301, 302,

INDEX

All

 

Theater—Con’t.
803, 310, 311, 321, 322, 336,
342
Thompson, Edward,
Washington at, 51, 64, 78, 79,
110, 111
Thompson, Israel, 156, 157
Thornton, John, 147, 148
Thornton, Mrs., 67
Thruston, Charles Mynn, 247
Tiger, 254
Tilghman, James, 341, 342
Washington at, 364, 380, 381
Tilghman, Matthew, 352
Timber Creek, Ohio River,
Washington at, 280
Tobacco, 90, 136, 137, 154, 160,
163, 176, 181, 201, 246
Todd’s Bridge, Virginia,
Washington at, 143, 144, 199,
200, 209, 254, 257, 262, 264,
296, 297, 302, 303, 308, 323,
329, 330, 344, 353, 357, 361
Todd’s Ordinary, Virginia, 62
Washington at, 61, 65, 66, 82,
86, 95, 97, 109, 119, 152,
162, 167, 172, 173, 175, 179,
180, 187, 193, 200, 204, 242,
291
Todd’s Warehouse, Virginia,
Washington at, 116
Todd, Doctor,
Washington at, 303
Towlston, Virginia, 156, 157, 206,
230, 242, 243
Tracy, Michael, 216
Trammel, Sampson,
Washington at, 168, 169, 181,
182
Trebell’s Ordinary, Virginia, 178
Washington at, 163, 164, 165,
167, 172, 173, 175, 179, 180,
183, 187, 193412

 

Trees, uprooting machine, 177
Trent, William, 51
Trenton, New Jersey,
Washington at, 335
Triplet, Thomas, 362
Triplet’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 286
Trout Run, Virginia,
Washington on, 25
Parish, Virginia, vestry
meetings, 182, 193, 198,
201, 202, 205, 216, 222, 229,
233, 245, 251, 296, 304, 315,
340, 348, 349
Turkey Foot, Pennsylvania, 59

Truro

Washington at, 54
Turkeys, wild, 13
Turner, Thomas, 16
Washington at, 133, 134
Turner’s Mill, Virginia,
Washington at, 273
Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 43, 47, 124, 274
Tutt, 5
Washington at, 164

 

Tyler, Thomas G., Ordinary,
Washington at, 358, 361

Union, ship,
Washington on, 367
Unity, 160
University of Pennsylvania, 380
Urbanna, Virginia,
Washington at, 176

Valentine, Joseph,
Washington at, 210, 226
Van Braam, Jacob, 42, 59, 638
Van Meter, Henry, 156
Washington at, 12, 18, 14
Vance, John, 28

INDEX

Wagener,
Waite, John, 31
Wakefield, Virginia, 2
Wallace, Humphrey, 24

 

  

   

Venango, Pennsylvania, 47
Washington at, 44, 45, 46
Vestal, John,
Washington at, 52
Vestal’s Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 64
Vestal’s Gap, Blue Ridge Moun-
tains, 74
Washington at, 52
Virginia,
address to the King, 240
Association, 240, 266
burgesses, ball, 355
on Boston Port Bill, 354
call for Convention, 355
committee, 263
delegates, 374
dissolved, 240
election, 154, 186, 229, 250, 304,
359, 377
fish protection, 240
pay, 184
Convention, 355, 359
non-importation, 240
officers, 267, 268
officers’ land, 271, 286, 287, 319,
320, 322, 323, 826
regiment, 84, 99, 121

Vobe, Mrs. Jane,

Washington at, 109, 172, 173,
180, 210, 254, 292, 824, 355

Wagener, Peter, 251

 

, 374

Warburton, Maryland,

Washington at, 243, 305, 306,
318, 327, 331, 339, 840, 841,
851, 352, 374INDEX

   

413

Warm Springs, Berkeley, 246 Washington, George—Con’t.

Washington at, 10, 27, 156, 202,
248, 249
Washington, Mrs. Ann,
Washington at, 294
Washington, Anne, 7, 17, 20, 32
Washington, Anne, of “Chotank,”
220
Washington, Ariana, 220
Washington, Augustine, 1, 2, 3, 4
Washington, Augustine (Aus-
tin), 19, 20, 24, 26, 27, 30
Washington at, 37
Washington, Bailey, 5, 6, 16
Washington, Charles, 67, 2138,
218, 299, 312, 342
Washington at, 268, 291, 319
Washington, George,
address to Virginia frontier in-
habitants, 87, 97

adjutant, 40

aide to Braddock, 69, 73

appointed lieutenant colonel, 51

appointed surveyor, 21

bequest, 7

birth, 1

carries money for Braddock, 74

command of independent com-
panies, 372

commissioned colonel, 82

commissioned general and com-
mander-in-chief, 382

committee on army regulations,
382

committee on finances, 381

committee to devise protection
for New York City, 380

conference with Bouquet, 121
danger at Braddock’s defeat,
78
danger of drowning, 48

  

Ta
Pe a

 

death reported, 78

elected to Burgesses, 154, 186,
229, 250, 304, 359

elected to Congress, 360, 377

elected to Fairfax committee,
373

expenses to Congress, 360, 376

on Fairfax resolves committee,
358

fencing lessons, 100

fired at by Indian, 47

homestead, 2

house in Alexandria, 251, 252,
316, 320

illness, 76, 77, 79, 114, 115, 116,
156, 157, 159, 208

Jumonville skirmish, 56

marches against the French, 55

marriage, 126, 127

midshipman, 4

money voted him by Burgesses,
81

opinion of military life, 80

pay as burgess, 184

pay as Colonel, 81

pay for message to French, 50

rank confirmed, 94

resigns, 63

sleep, 9, 23

smallpox, 35

subscription to Boston fire
sufferers, 372, 377

subscription to Independent
Companies, 372, 377

surveyor of Culpeper, 21

surveys, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 18, 22, 24,
25, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 38, 40,
204, 234, 299, 314, 315, 320,
321, 350

sword knot, 354

thanked by Burgesses, 62414

Washington, George—Con’t.
uniform worn in Congress, 382
visits mother, 97, 109, 115, 129,

135, 153, 174, 183, 188, 205,
233, 253, 257, 262, 265, 267,
269, 291, 298, 299, 300, 302,
808, 312, 319, 347, 353, 361,
376

Washington, George Augustine,
351

Washington, Henry, 5

Washington, John, 3, 5, 7, 101

Washington, Mrs. John, 213

of Suffolk,

=
i
5

Washington, John,

227
Washington at, 226
Washington, John Augustine, 67,
147, 212, 218, 229, 308, 371,
377
Washington at, 212, 213, 219,
294
Washington, Lawrence, of “Cho-
tank,” 6, 16, 213, 220
Washington at, 168, 295, 296,
830
Washington, Lawrence, of Mount
Vernon, 7, 17, 18, 20, 21,
83, 34, 36, 42
death, 39
Washington, Lawrence,
in Washington’s will, 7
Washington, Lund, 348
Washington, Martha, 129, 141,
168, 183, 194, 202, 207, 208,
209, 222, 223, 229, 239, 242,
243, 246, 248, 251, 255, 259,
262, 266, 267, 284, 285, 290,
292, 295, 298, 299, 307, 308,

811, 312, 313, 316, 317, 318,
822, 325, 327, 329, 330, 331,
333, 338, 339, 341, 343, 348,
361, 871, 874

 

   

INDEX

Washington, Mary (Ball), 1, 3,
17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 149
Washington, Robert, 7, 16
Washington, Samuel, 39,
270
Washington at, 135, 143, 192,
204, 218, 218, 220, 271, 282,
287, 315, 349
Washington, Townsend, 7
Washington, Warner, 220,
225
Washington at, 181, 247, 250,
288, 315, 370
Waterford, Pennsylvania, 45
Watts’ Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 86
Watch, 88
Weatherborne’s (Weatherburn’s),
Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 95, 151
Webb, Mrs., 144
Webb’s Inn, Virginia,
Washington at, 212
Weedon, George, Ordinary, 268
Washington at, 198, 233, 267,
302, 308, 320, 326, 353, 375,
376
Wentworth, , 188
West’s, Charles, Ordinary,
321, 369
Washington at, 97, 98, 101, 104,
107, 110, 111,112, 117, 125,
155, 178, 205, 236, 246, 247,
250, 282, 283, 286, 314, 370
West, George, 215
West, John, 229, 230, 250
Washington at, 237, 269, 300,
304, 307
West, Thomas, 350
West William, 247
Washington at, 15West, , 53
West Point, Virginia,
Washington at, 129, 203, 264
Westmoreland County, Virginia,
Washington in, 26, 27, 37,
67, 158, 177, 192, 212, 213,
218, 220, 294
Westover, Virginia,
Washington at, 345
Willett,
Washington at, 196
William and Mary College, 210
Williams’ Gap, Blue Ridge
Mountains, 52, 74
Washington at, 15, 248, 271
Williams’ Ferry, Virginia,
Washington at, 143
Williamsburg, Virginia, 44, 61,
73, 74, 86, 90, 97, 108, 114,
115, 119, 126, 130, 142, 147,
151, 162, 164, 172, 180, 1838,
187, 196, 197, 209, 225, 227,
228, 262, 296, 302, 307, 322,
343, 344, 346, 359
balls, 181, 241, 310, 324, 355
races, 167, 178, 202, 238
theater, 209, 264, 291, 292, 302,
303, 310, 311
Washington at, 37, 42, 50, 60, 62,
74, 81, 88, 95, 97, 105, 109,
116, 119, 125, 126, 127, 128,
131, 144, 151, 154, 157, 158,
159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165,
167, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176,
178, 179, 180, 183, 186, 187,
193, 196, 197, 199, 203, 209,
226, 227, 238, 239, 240, 241,
254, 255, 256, 262, 263, 264,
291, 292, 297, 302, 303, 308,
810, 811, 324, 325, 329, 346,
353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 360

 

 

INDEX

   
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
    
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
  
  
  
    
   
  
  
  

41S

Williamson’s Ordinary, Virginia,
Washington at, 143
Willing, Richard,
Washington at, 380
Willing, Thomas,
Washington at, 365, 367
Willis, , 315, 342
Wills Creek (Fort Cumberland),
Maryland, 58, 60, 70, 72
Washington at, 43, 49, 52,
538, 59, 73, 75
Wilmington, Delaware,
Washington at, 334, 379
Wilson, Robert, 137

 

 

Wilson, » 306, 307
Winchester (Frederick, Fort
Loudoun), Virginia, 73,

86, 90, 91, 108, 109, 112,
114, 117, 118, 119, 122, 146,
155, 247
troops concentrated at, 110
Washington at, 9, 10, 15, 23, 25,
42, 43, 52, 60, 64, 71, 72, 73,
74, 75, 78, 79, 83, 87, 88,
91, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101, 103,
104, 105, 108, 110, 111, 112,
117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 125,
146, 150, 161; 286, 287
Wharton, Joseph,
Washington at, 366
Wheat, 161
Wheeling, West Virginia,
Washington at, 280
White House, on Potomac, 317
Washington at, 339
White Thunder (Indian), 44

 

 

Whithan, » 158
Whiting, Beverley, 1
Whiting, ally

Wolfstenhome, Daniel,
Washington at, 106416

Wood, David, 25

Wood, Jeremiah, 28
Wood, Thomas, 155
Wood, William, 234

 

 

Wood,
teaches Washington fencing, 100
Wood, , 813

Woods, Mrs.

Washington at, 166
Woodward, , 65

Washington at, 18
Wormeley, John, 300
Wormley, Ralph,

Washington at, 176
Woromonroke, Virginia, 345, 346
Wright, Robert, 183
Wright’s Ferry, Susquehannah

River,
Washington at, 837

 

   

INDEX

Wylie, Hugh, 154
Wythe, George,
Washington at, 239, 255

Yates, , 3
York, Pennsylvania,
Washington at, 337
York County, Virginia,
Washington at, 63, 173, 239
York River, Virginia, 182, 201
Washington at, 210, 211
Yorktown, Virginia,
Washington at, 17, 26, 37, 89,
167, 176, 239, 310
Young, Mrs., 305
River,

 

Youghiogheny Pennsyl-
vania,

Washington at, 48, 53, 54, 59,
76, 278, 274, 282GEORGE WASHINGTON
COLONIAL TRAVELLER

1732-1775

This work breaks the slender thread of
romanticism upon which has been strung
the story of Washington’s youth by a new
and thorough investigation of the entire
period of his early life, from his birth to his
journey to Lake Erie to see the French
Commandant. It uses a document hitherto
unknown to Washington biographers, or
ignored by them.

It is a detailed record of first importance
in the Colonial history of Virginia and
brings to light. hundreds of locations in
the state, unmentioned by local historians,
as for example:

The Winchester headquarters during
the French and Indian war, when Wash-
ington commanded on the frontier, are here
located and it is not the location on which
Winchester has prided itself for many
years. Also the good people of Staunton,
farther up the Shenandoah Valley, seem
to be unaware that Washington twice
passed through their town, on an inspec-
tion tour of the frontier defenses of the
state, on which he risked being murdered
by the Indians at every hour for a week
or more.

It contains heretofore unpublished infor-
mation about the schooner which Washing-
ton built at Mount Vernon and used for
fishing trips on the Potomac when she was
not busy bringing building materials to
Mount Vernon, or carrying cargoes of
grain and lumber from the lower rivers
and the Chesapeake Bay.

The Traveller supplements the Diaries
of George Washington in most important
particulars and fills in the gaps where there
is no diary record. It is as complete as
the record can be made from 1732, while
the Diaries, practically, do not begin until
1760.

Among other interesting matter will be
found here, published for the first time,
the explanation of Washington’s wearing
his Virginia colonel’s uniform, the well-
known buff and blue, when he attended the
Continental Congress in 1775.

 

GEORGE WASHINGTON
COLONIAL TRAVELLER

1732-1775

As Assistant Chief of the Manuscript
Division of the Library of Congress, Mr }
Fitzpatrick was enabled to search every
important document in the national store-
house of literary treasures which bore even
remotely on his subject. He edited tht
Washington Diaries and is one of the lead-

j

ing authorities on the events ot Washing-

ton’s life.

This volume: is the record of Washing-
ton from theday of his birth until June
15, 1775, when his life as a Colonial gen-
tleman definitely ended.

It supplies the first and hitherto missing
record of this character in Washington's
life.

Because of the difficulty in accumulating
trustworthy information as to W ashing-
ton’s “early years such data as were un-
earthed have been used in their entirety
with the unexpected result that a substantial
revision of the previously accepted story
of Washington’s boyhood is
It does not seem probable that much more
documentary material can have survived
and while it is not claimed that the facts
here presented completely refute many ot
the traditions of Washington’s childhood 1t
‘s confidently submitted that they interfere
substantial

necessary.

with those traditions to a
degree.
Few inhabitants ot Colonial America

travelled the country so widely or so con-
tinuously as George Washington, and it
‘; not too much to suppose that this ac
quaintance with his native land had a de-
cided bearing upon that broad patriotism
which was his distinguishing mark trom
the moment he took command of the Con-
tinental armies.

Prior to Washington’s marriage and
while he was in command on the frontier;
he travelled, almost entirely, on horseback
Excepting the western plainsmen ot later
davs, not many Americans have spent sa
much of their lives in the saddle as Wash:
ington and rare is the parallel in American
history for the riding performed by him ir
his services to his state and to the Nation.Da