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THE HISTORY
OF THE
FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS

IN THE WAR FOR THE

DEFENSE OF THE UNION

1861-1865.

SHELDON B. THORFEJ,
SERGEANT COMPANY K.

THE PRICE, LEE & AD KINS CO.,
NEW HAVEN, CONN.
1893.

TO THE MEMORY

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
LIVING AND FALLEN,
As a record of loyal service to the nation,
this volume is dedicated,

THE AUTHOK

AND BY COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATION,

Charles D. Barnes.
- William S. Beechek.
James A. Church.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Col. D. R. Wright,
Capt. Julius Bassett,
" Theodore Davis
Col. Samuel Tolles, .
Camp Chase,
Casey's Pet,
Soldier of 1862,
Fredericksburg, Va.,
Ninth Corps Badge,
Discipline, Maj. E. W. Osborne,
Surg. H. V. C. Holcombe,
Seventh Corps Badge,
Surg. E. O. Cowles,
Chaplain D. H. Miller,
Capt. Reuben Waterman
" M. A. Butricks,
Chaplain J. B. Doolittle,
Capt. A. W. Harvey,
" H. H. Stiles,
Col. C. L. Upham, .

PAGE

PAGE

front

Lieut. J. B Bissell, .

92

8

C. S. Gray,

96

10

Capt. George M. White,

102

18

M. D. Munson, .

104

20

Adj. P. C. Rand,

108

. 23

Battlefield of Kinston,

112

26

Lieut. E. W. Bishop,

116

32

Capt. R. O. Bradley, .

122

32

Lieut. William Goodrich,

130

. 40

Quar. M. C. Augur,

136

44

Lieut. A. Rodriquez,

154

. 50

" William Thompson,

174

¦ 51

" Heber S. Ives,

ISO

54

A. P. Day,

190

. 60

" John Hall,

198

64

S. F. Linsley. .

212

. 68

Log Houses,

222

74

Capt. W. C. Burgess, .

232

. 76

Lieut. C. F. Bowman,

236

S2

New Berne Monument,

332

90

PREFACE.
THIS volume does not deal with the War of the Rebellion,
except so far as the 15th Conn, was concerned, nor does
it treat to any extent of the other armed bodies with which
the regiment was brigaded. Its intent is to furnish in plain
language an accurate, comprehensive account of the formation,
membership and service of " The Lyon Regiment " in the defense
of the Union.
The credit of first urging the preparation of a regimental his
tory belongs to Lieut.-Col. Samuel Tolles. This was in 1871,
when nearly all mustered out of the army six years before were
alive, and memories of men and events had suffered little or no
relapse. To emphasize this officer's belief, he prepared an original
paper, mentioning in general terms the record of his regiment,
which was read at the reunion that year (published in The Lever,
Sept. 2, 1871). Frequent allusions by him and others to the import
ance of such a work were made at succeeding reunions, but
nothing was done until 1882, when Capt. George M. White was
appointed regimental historian. Like Col. Tolles, he believed
that the deeds of this great body of loyal men should find wider
mention than at a reunion dinner table, and accordingly at the
annual gathering in 1887 he read a valuable contribution on
" Kinston " (published Journal and Courier, August, 1887), which
received the warm approval of the veterans. One or two later
papers from him followed with such satisfaction that, urged by his
comrades, he began the accumulation of material with the view of
arranging the same for publication. At this juncture he was
called to that official position (Assistant Adjutant General of Conn.),
the duties of which engrossed his entire attention. Nevertheless,
he was always hopeful that the opportunity would arrive when he
could carry out his plan. But death suddenly claimed him and
that time never came. The writer was chosen as his successor in
1892. The inventory of historical matter turned over was excess
ively fragmentary, and so much less than anticipated, as to lead

iv PREFACE.
to the belief that a portion of Capt. White's manuscript must have
been lost during his illness. Hence the entire volume has been
rewritten. Without hearty co-operation, so ample a history at this late date
would not have been possible. It would be pleasant in this con
nection to name every comrade who has in one line or another
assisted the writer, but this cannot be; they are nevertheless part
authors of the volume, and the real historians of the regiment.
Among them, Corp. Joel E. Griffin, Co. C, with his complete diary
and excellent memory, is entitled to a front rank on the "right of
the line." The diaries of Col. Upham, of George Walstein Smith,
of Martin Allen, of Charles F. Beckley, of Sergt. J. E. Towner, of
Corp. French, and others, have been of inestimable value in
fixing dates and events; also, by the kind courtesy of Arthur B.
Wright, Esq., of New Haven, the military papers of his father,
the late Col. D. R. Wright, were freely offered for examination.
Messrs. Frank Mosher's and William Nichols' recollections have
been of great value, and last, but far from least, Lieut. Linsley,
who has been "held up" for information more frequently than
any other member of the regiment, probably, and Secretary
Walter H. Lord, deserve special thanks. To the latter we are
indebted for the excellent account of the reunions of the regiment.
The method used in compilation, while necessitating some
delay, it is believed has insured greater accuracy in the narrative.
After setting up the manuscript, copies of "proof" were, sub
mitted to the Committee of Publication and others, for further
examination and revision, before the present text was accepted.
The edition is limited to five hundred copies. T.
North Haven, Conn., September, 1893.

CHAPTER I.
PRESIDENT LINCOLN'S PROCLAMATION  PUBLIC MEETING
 "THE NATIONAL UNION COMMITTEE''  ENLIST
MENTS  CAMP LYON — ORGANIZATION OF THE REGI
MENT  DEPARTURE FROM NEW HAVEN  ARRIVAL ON
ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, VA.
On July ist, 1862, President Lincoln issued a call'
for 300,000 volunteers for three years. The quota of
Connecticut as fixed by apportionment was 7,145.
Two days later Gov. W. A. Buckingham issued a procla
mation for the immediate formation of " six or more
regiments of infantry to be used in suppressing the
Rebellion." This course was unavoidable. Men saw
its terrible necessity, and answering to that impulse
which unites humanity in times of great danger, flew
to that safeguard of a free people " a Public Meeting!"
Thus it came about that within a week after the
appeal of the Executive of the Nation the citizens
of New Haven, Conn., issued the following call :
GRAND UNION RALLY !
" * The undersigned citizens of New Haven believ
ing that the present crisis of our national affairs calls
loudly upon every patriotic citizen to put forth his
utmost exertion to sustain the Government in this
hour of its trial, most earnestly call upon all good and
true union loving men to meet together in Music
Hall on Tuesday evening, July 8, at tyi, o'clock, for
the purpose of appointing a Committee of Ways and
Means to assist in raising immediately such numbers
of volunteers as may be necessary under the late call
of the President.
* Journal and Courier, July 7, 1862.

6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Our Country calls ! Let every man respond to the
extent of his ability. Some have time, some money;
such as we have let us give cheerfully, and thereby
dispel the clouds which are temporarily hanging over
us. The darkest hours are always just before day!
Rally one and all and let us stand shoulder to
shoulder in defense of our country and its gallant
army." Under this impassioned appeal a large audience
gathered the next evening. By 7 o'clock the hall
began to be crowded, and long before the hour of
opening admittance was impossible. Something over
four thousand voters (boys being excluded) were
present. The meeting was called to order by N. D.
Sperry, Esq. Commodore Foote was chosen presiding
officer. His remarks were brief and pungent. There
was no time for spread-eagle oratory. Speeches,
sharp, earnest, decisive, bristling with business, were
made by Gov. Buckingham, the Rev. Dr. Bacon, Charles
Chapman of Hartford, and others. It was resolved
to put a regiment from the town of New Haven into
the field immediately. To best accomplish this, a
committee of the leading men of the city was chosen,
whose instructions were:
" To take instant action by thorough organization
of effort in the city, and by co-operation with similar
committees in other parts of the State, put into the
field with the least possible delay the number of men
required to be raised by the State." The following
gentlemen were appointed as this committee:
William S. Charnley, Francis Wayland Jr.,
Harmanus M. Welch, James A. King,
John B. Hotchkiss, E. S. Quintard,
Stephen D. Pardee, David J. Peck,
Samuel Bishop, Luman Cowles,
Henry B. Harrison, Lucius R. Finch,
William H. Russell, Nehemiah D. Sperry,
Arthur D. Osborne, Willis Bristol,
Philip A. Pinkerman, Lucius P. Allis,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 7
Charles A. Lindsley, Edward Downes,
John Woodruff, Cornelius S. Bushnell,
Lucius Gilbert, John A. Porter,
Edward T. Sanford, C. B. Rogers,
Bartholemew Healy, Richard S. Fellowes,
Eli Whitney, Lucius G. Peck,
Benjamin S. Bryan, Stephen R. Smith,
John C. Hollister, Henry E. Pardee,
John D. Candee, Alexander McAllister,
David H. Carr, Henry D. White.
On July ioth, they organized for business under
the name of "The National Union Committee."
Headquarters were established in the " Cutler Build
ing" on Church street, with William S. Charnley
chairman. At the same time the following " Recruit
ing Committee " was chosen to provide for enlist
ments : John C. Hollister,
Henry E. Pardee,
Samuel Bishop,
Benjamin S. Bryan,
Nehemiah D. Sperry,
Charles W. Elliott,
Francis Wayland, Jr.
These gentlemen entered upon their duties at once.
Daily sessions were held and a majority was in
constant attendance at headquarters. July 12th, they
issued the following circular :
" * The citizens of New Haven have decided to
respond to the call of the President for troops to sus
tain the honor of the nation, and have appointed a com
mittee, etc. * * * * The Governor has authorized
that committee to raise and organize a regiment for the
'town of New Haven. It can be done, and within 30 days!
Should the war be closed within one year, the pay of
the soldier will be as follows:
* Journal and Courier, July 12,

8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
State Bounty (paid upon enlistment), . . $50.00
State Bounty (paid within a year), . . . 30.00
State Bounty (paid to wife, yearly), . . 72.00
State Bounty (paid to two children, yearly), . 48.00
U. S. Bounty (paid on enlistment), . . 27.00
U. S. Bounty (paid end of war), . . . 75.00
* U. S. monthly pay $12.00, . . . 144.00
$446.00
f John C. Hollister,
j Henry E. Pardee,
I Samuel Bishop.
Recruiting Committee. J Benjamin S. Bryan,
Nehemiah D. Sperry,
C. W. Elliott,
Francis Wayland, Jr.
It was also determined by this committee that in
commemoration of that noble son of Conn.f (the first
Union general slain in the war), the organization
about to be raised should be called " The Lyon Regi
ment." All preliminaries being now settled, the work of
formal volunteering began. The first recorded enlist
ments in the regiment were those of Julius Bassett,
George C. Merriam, Philip C. Rand, and George W.
Allen, all of Meriden, who signed their names July
10, and thus formed the nucleus of Company A. Two
days later a recruiting office was opened in New
Haven, and the enlistments made at that time, July
12th, were those of George M. White, William C.
Burgess and Charles R. Coan.
July 14th there appeared the first public call
through the press for volunteers to repair to recruit
ing offices. Capt. Septimius S. Smith and Capt. F.
M. Lovejoy were the earliest on the field in this direc
tion. The former established his headquarters at 235
Chapel street (old number), and issued the following
appeal: * Later raised to $13.00.
t Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, killed at Wilson's Creek, Mo., August 10, 1861.

Capt Julius Bassett.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. g
"Rally Boys! Rally! at your Country's Call! This glorious
Union is the birthright of every one of us ! Shall we not rally in
its defence! Come on then and lend a hand to put down this
infamous rebellion, and you can look back from the future with
patriotic pride that you have bravely done your whole duty."
Capt. Lovejoy's quarters were at 301 State street,
where he solicited enlistments for " The Brownlow
Rifles." Also, on the above date, one Thomas B. Kirby
opened a recruiting office at 305 Chapel street for the
" McClellan Guards " of the Lyon regiment, and
Charles P. Brown (afterward adjutant) established
himself at " Cutler's Corner."
As indicative of the public spirit of that time, ref
erence is here made to a paper preserved among the
archives of the regiment. It is without date, but
mention is made of it by the General Committee,
prior to July 14th, 1862. $15,000.
" We, the undersigned Citizens of New Haven,
hereby agree to pay the sums of money set against
our respective names, to be placed at the disposal of
the National Union Committee of the town of New
Haven, to be expended in promoting volunteer
enlistments with the design of raising an entire regi
ment in the town of New Haven." Then follows a
long list of names, whose aggregate subscriptions
reach nearly eleven thousand dollars. Of this sum,
Joseph Sheffield and Joseph Sampson, each pledged
five hundred dollars; Eli Whitney, four hundred dol
lars; then came eight gentlemen with two hundred
fifty dollars each, followed by others in lessening
amounts to the end.
As events turned however, this subscription was
not called for. The pressure for the immediate mus
ter of the regiment became so great that the commit
tee saw it would involve too much delay, and perhaps

10 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
be impossible after all to secure a thousand volunteers
within the limits of the town of New Haven, hence
this feature of the plan was abandoned, and the field
of enlistment was widened to include the county.
This was a judicious move. Other counties caught
the idea, and from that time Connecticut's quota was
assured. Volunteers now began to come in plentifully.
Recruiting offices were opened wherever suitable loca
tions offered, and even tents for this purpose were
pitched upon "The* old Green." Captain John D.
Wheeler had his headquarters for a time in one of
these, and on July 15th commenced the formation of
the " Sigel Rifles."
Captain Theodore R. Davis established himself in
the "Collins Building" on Chapel street (Grays' Ar
mory) and called loudly for the formation of a second
company from that famous organization.
G. F. Peterson also located in a tent on the public
square and enlisted for the " Hallock Rifles, 15th
Regiment." P. B. Hinsdale opened a room at No. 121 State
street and received men for the " 8th Co. Lyon Regi
ment." Capt. George M. White secured his headquarters
at No. 107 Church street and advertised for the
" Quinnipiac Rifles."
Capt. Samuel R. Hubbard appeared for the " New
Haven Blues," and opened in their armory.
Thus in all, some eight or ten offices were opened
in New Haven, and two in Meriden, within five days
of each other, for the formation of the regiment.
Before July 15th all were in active operation. The
Union Committee was kept busy. One of its most
popular acts about this time (July 14th) was the selec
tion of Capt. Samuel Tolles, of New Haven, as major
of the command. On July 18th it fixed upon
"Oyster Point " as the rendezvous of the regiment

Capt. Theodore R. Davis,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. „
under the name of "Camp Lyon," and on July 21st
named Dexter R. Wright, of Meriden (already ap
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the 14th Conn, at Hart
ford) as Colonel of the regiment.
The following order was issued in the above con
nection: Hartford, Conn., July 23, 1862.
j Special Order |
I No. 254. [
The 15th Regiment Conn. Volunteers is
ordered to rendezvous at New Haven without
delay. Col. Dexter R. Wright will asstime
command and will be obeyed and respected
accordingly. By order of the Commander-in-Chief,
J. D. WILLIAMS,
Adjutant General.
*A bit of inside history, not perhaps generally
known, should be added here. The field officers of
the various regiments being raised in the New Eng
land states under the July call, 1862, were appointed
in accordance with a recommendation of Gen. B. F.
Butler, who was of the opinion that the men of a
different shade of political belief from the dominant
party (Republican) had not received the full share of
recognition which they deserved, hence, as the result
of an arrangement approved by President Lincoln
and acquiesced in • by the chief magistrates of the
loyal states, (though not by Gov. Andrews, of Massa
chusetts, without some reluctance), these regiments
had their field and staff positions filled mainly by
"War Democrats." The plan was a judicious one.
It made the Northern forces not the army of a party
but the army of the Union.
The first company to reach Camp Lyon was A, of
Meriden — Capt. Julius Bassett, with 85 men, on July
* Col. George M. White.

12 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
23d. The day previous, Capt. S. S. Smith, Co. C, had
given a street parade to Fair Haven as a " recruiting
exhibit," and on the 24th it followed Capt. Bassett to
camp with 45 men, but from some failure to provide
tents and rations the command returned to the city.
They went down next day and permanent^ installed
themselves. Other companies followed in quick
succession, in just what order is not definitely known.
The last to arrive was Co. K,* on August 6th.
This latter company had no recruiting office ; it
was raised mainly in two evenings, August 2d and
4th, at Wallingford and North Haven, respectively.
On July 26th, as near as can be estimated, the regi
ment was recruited up to half its strength. Two days
later the Union Committee promoted Major Samuel
Tolles to the Lieut-Colonelcy, and appointed E. Wal
ter Osborne, Major, and John C. Kimball, Quarter
master. Thus closed the month of July. It had been a
period of intense interest. Six regiments (14th to
19th inclusive) were in formation. Stirring appeals by
press and person reached every corner of the State,
and the most liberal bounties were offered. Not
withstanding this, the progress of enlistments did
not fully satisfy the authorities and it was not until
severe measures appeared imminent that men more
fully realized the desperate need of the government
and answered the call.
The month of August opened with 300 men in
camp. On the second day they were mustered into
the State service. On the 4th the first uniforms
were issued and the wearers thereof gradually
began to assume the appearance of soldiers. On the
7th nearly 800 enlistments had been made, and on the
12th applications for admission were rejected. The
complement was complete.
* Sergt. William R. Mackay is entitled to the credit of first receiving enlistment
in this Co. He went to camp with thirty Wallingford men, Aug. 6th. The North
Haven boys went down Aug. gth.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. I3
" Guard duty" at Camp Lyon when first established
was something to be remembered. The experience of
our regiment was probably in no ways different from
a hundred others. Capt. Smith was the first officer to
mount a guard, and it is related that for the first few
days it took all of his men to watch Capt. Bassett's
company, and vice versa. Only a few old State
muskets were in use about headquarters and the
"gate." Corporal Griffin recounts how he paced the
lonely rounds of his beat armed with only a fence
picket. Many of the boys carried nothing whatever,
but if a comrade sought to "run the guard "chased
him and if able, collared and marched him back to
headquarters ; if unable, asked for a pass the next
morning and started for the city to hunt up the victim.
Seen from a distance of thirty years, how like a huge
burlesque " Camp Lyon " appears, and yet it was
a serious matter with us then — and our officers.
The regiment first formed "battalion line" Au
gust 12th. At that time 960 men had reported for
duty. Company drills had been regularly held,
the officers had become somewhat accustomed to
their swords, guard duty was more strictly enforced,
and a martial spirit generally prevailed. This was
not a universal record however. There was more or
less straggling from camp, so much in fact, that in an
order of August 9th Col. Wright directed "that
policemen be detailed at the railroad station (Chapel
street) to arrest and report such enlisted men as
attempt to leave the city without a "pass."*
But lack of space forbids further detail of this
nature. Studied closely as a whole, no regiment was
put into the field by the State of Connecticut contain
ing so large a percentage of education, morality and
religion as was embodied in this. It was distinct
ively a New Haven county regiment. Its enlistments
were made without promise of the large bounties so
* Journal and Courier.

1 4 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
generously lavished at a later day, and as a rule its
morals and discipline were maintained at a minimum
amount of friction. * The following summary indi
cates the localities whence the command came :
Co. A, from Meriden.
Co. B, from New Haven, North Haven, East Haven
and Branford.
Co. C, from New Haven.
Co. D, from New Haven, East Haven and Walling
ford. Co. E, from New Haven, Enfield, Milford and
Orange. Co. F, from Meriden.
Co. G, from thirteen different towns in the State.
Co. H, from Naugatuck and New Haven.
Co. I, from New Haven.
Co. K, from Wallingford, North Haven, Northford
and North Branford.
Thus the regimental organization was built up.
But few of the line officers were acquainted with mili
tary tactics. Here and there was one in middle life
who perchance in the old militia "had shouldered
arms " on the village green f and taken part in " gen
eral training." Occasionally might be found one J
who in some military institute had been taught such
simple evolutions as added variety to the recreation
of the pupils. Again (as a rarity, however), an
instance or two of those who had served in the earlier
regiments, and been temporarily disabled. § These
were but fractions, however, of the undrilled, undis
ciplined mass.
Yet notwithstanding this, let no one suppose that
this body of men was wholly ignorant of military
movements. Providence had had many a lad in train
ing in the presidential campaign of i860, and they
who marched in the uniformed ranks of the " Wide
?Capt. George M. White. JCapt. White of E.
t Capt. Stiles of K. § Lieut. Linsley of K.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

IS

Awakes " of that year, learned a drill that was of
inestimable service to them and others in the ranks
of the Union army.
By August 1 8th the roster was complete, and on
the 20th orders were issued to break camp Friday, the
2 2d. But this order was revoked a few hours later,
because, as was said in the ranks, the boys had not all
provided themselves with the "bullet proof vests"
recommended by the Morning Journal and Courier as
excellent safeguards in battle. A corporal * of Co. C
is responsible for the statement that an agent of " The
Atwater Armor Co.," then at 336 Chapel street, sold
over two hundred of these " iron-clad life preservers "
in one day. It is said that at least fifty per cent of
the regiment first wore away and then swore away
this device. The track of the command from Wash
ington to Arlington Heights was marked by these
abandoned " armor plates," the largest quantity being
hurled from Long Bridge into the Potomac when the
regiment was about to step on "sacred soil," as an
offering to the gods. The balance of the lot, after
being rudely perforated with bullets at " Camp
Chase," was ignominiously kicked aside, and the
skeletons probably repose there to this day.
The closing days of the regiment's tarry at New
Haven were marked by the hurry and feverishness
incident at such times. Presentations of swords to
line officers, of horses and equipage to the field, were
of daily occurrence. All that money could furnish
was cheerfully offered to this waiting host. Quarter
master Kimball,f Adjutant Brown, Col. Wright,;);
Chaplain Miller,§ Surgeon Holcomb,|| each in turn
was presented with a magnificent horse by their
friends.

* Griffin.
t Presented by the employes of Cook & Co.'s carriage factory.
X By Hon. Charles Parker of Meriden.
§ Mainly by the Baptist church of Meriden.
|| By Branford men.

+ 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
On Monday, August 25th, the regiment was mus
tered into the United States service by Lieut. Watson
Webb, U. S. A. On the afternoon of the same day
the State colors were formally presented by the ladies
of Meriden. Their representatives on this occasion
were Misses Ellen Bradley and Mary Brooks. Hon.
O. H. Piatt was the speaker. No soldier ever forgets
the occasion, when for the first time the colors of his
State and of his country are entrusted to his keeping.
He willingly pledges honor, hand and life for their
safety and return.
The town, State and United States bounties were
ordered paid on the 26th. The last "combination
knife and spoon," "water filter," "Dr. True's lini
ment," "folding cup," were bought, and on the 27th
marching orders were received for the next day.
Passes were forbidden, absentees looked up, and the
force got well in hand.
An evening paper *(extra issue) of August 28th, con
tained the following :
" The Lyon Regiment left New Haven this after
noon about half past 12 o'clock on a train of thirty
cars drawn by two locomotives. Their leaving was
not marked by any startling incidents. An immense
throng of visitors was on the ground to witness their
departure. The weather, which was stormy in the
morning, cleared up later in the day, and the Fif
teenth " struck their tents like the Arabs " and went
away, amid sunshine, tears, and hearty good-byes;
some to victory, some perhaps to die for their coun
try. How shall we rejoice if some sunny day in the
not far off future, we may welcome them back, their
banners bright with victory, to a State grateful to
them for noble deeds. The Fifteenth have gone !
Our hearts and hopes and prayers go with them.
Heaven grant them victory." * * *

* The Evening Palladium.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. I?
New York was reached at 5 o'clock,* the force dis
embarking at 42d street. From this point it marched
down 4th avenue and Broadway to the Battery. The
entire route was lined with a vast concourse of people,
it having been published that morning, that New
Haven County's favorite regiment would pass through
the city. On the way down a heavy thunderstorm
swept over the city, but without halting to unloose a
blanket or tighten a button, the boys swung down
Broadway in the blinding rain, singing " Glory, Halle
lujah " with a volume of sound far above that of the
warring elements.
Arriving at the Battery the regiment took a trans
port for South Amboy, reaching there about mid
night. Thence it was sent by rail to Camden, cross
ing over to Philadelphia early Friday morning.
Here a most generous breakfast was provided by
"The Union Volunteer Refreshment Committee."
From Philadelphia to Baltimore the trip was again by
rail, and an exasperating one it was. We had not
then learned to "wait." With frequent stoppages,
forced detentions of one nature and another, the
entire day was consumed. Many of the boys here
took their first lesson in raiding peach orchards and
melon patches. At Havre de Grace a barge load of
melons barely escaped "sampling," by the cunning of
the skipper, who confidentially told the boys the fruit
had purposely been poisoned to kill Yankees. Balti
more was reached at sunset. Transportation facili
ties here gave out completely, and for lack of a
better place to spend the night, the command lay
down on the planks and stone floors of the depot; a
double guard was posted and the boys slept un
troubled in that treacherous city.
At 7 o'clock next morning the regiment was under
way to Washington. At the " Relay House " and

* The transportation bill was $700.

1 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
beyond, it began to catch glimpses of the outskirts of
that mighty host of which it had sworn to become a
part : camps of instruction ; parks of artillery ; end
less wagon trains ; lines of guards ; earthworks on
the hills ; acres of tents ; bodies of armed men in
every direction, gave the Connecticut lads, as it
did every incoming regiment, an object lesson
impressive and unexpected. Washington was reached
at noon. Dinner was provided at the usual quarters, in
the little low buildings near the railroad depot ; but
such a meal ! It has been always remembered ; it
will always be so as long as a 15th veteran lives. Many
of the boys assert they never ridded themselves of
the flavor of the soup until they drank the water at
" Camp Mud," Fredericksburg. Others declare they
can taste it to the present day. This whole matter of
subsistence was in the hands of contractors, who long
made it a reproach to the capital of the nation,
and an imposition on the thousands of soldiers com
pelled to eat there.
At 4 o'clock p. m. line was formed on Pennsyl
vania Avenue and the regiment moved for Arlington
Heights. The day was intensely hot and the newly
packed knapsack became intolerably heavy. Close
marching order was insisted upon within city limits,
but once upon Long Bridge a route step gave relief
to the boys. It was at this point, previously referred
to, that some abandonment of clothing and other
materials was made. Here also the first " baying of
the dogs of war " was heard by the boys, the second
battle of Bull Run being on, and the sound of Pope's
artillery distinctly audible.
Forts Jackson and Runyon, with other earthworks
were passed on the march, and when well up on the
Heights, the regiment suddenly "filed right" about
sunset into an old corn-field and halted. Neither
tents nor rations had come up and the boys were
forced to take to the ground supperless. During the

Lt.-Col. Samuel Tolles.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 19
night it rained heavily but the lads were too weary
to feel any discomfort. The next morning (Sunday)
the quartermaster's train arrived, and the day was
spent in laying out the camp. It was a lively Sunday
for the New England boys, a goodly portion of whom
came from Christian homes, and Church and Sunday
school, but who on this occasion showed less desire
for Chaplain Miller's ministrations than for an oppor
tunity to pitch their tents and get to housekeeping at
"Camp Chase."

CHAPTER II.
CAMP CHASE — -GUARD DUTY AT LONG BRIDGE AND FORT
RUNYON  FOUR WEEKS IN WASHINGTON  CAMP CASEY
AT FAIRFAX SEMINARY  PICKET DUTY  SICKNESS 
DEPARTURE FOR THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC  MARCH
THROUGH MARYLAND — ARRIVAL AT ACQUIA CREEK —
MARCH TO FREDERICKSBURG.
"Camp Chase " was located in a commanding posi
tion on a part of the Lee estate in Virginia, and was
as desirable as any portion of the heights for such a
purpose. East and south the view was magnificent.
Its close proximity to Washington made supplies easy
to obtain, and constant throngs of visitors added
attraction to the novel scene. Westward along the
ridges stretched the complicated network of forts
and rifle pits connected with the defenses of the
capital. On Monday, Sept. ist, arms were issued to the
regiment. * (Whitney rifles). These weapons were
lighter than the Springfield pattern and presented a
handsome appearance. The stocks were finished with
black walnut, a wood, however, which was afterward
found to be too soft for this purpose. Each man was
also provided with one hundred rounds of ammuni
tion. Drill in the manual of arms was ordered the
same day, and Capt. White pithily remarks : "Before
night most of the men had learned which end up it
was safest to hold a musket."
* Headquarters Provisional Brigade,
Washington, Aug. 31, 1862.
568 14th St.
Col. You will cause arms to be issued this evening to your regiment, and the ammuni
tion will be obtained at once on the requisition that was signed for you at this office.
Respectfully, Silas Casey, Brig. U. S. A.

'ii ffflFtr

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 2i
The next day came " marching orders to the front."
Chaplain Miller declared he had not prayed for any
such movement, and it is not believed that any of the
officers had, but before tents could be struck the edict
was countermanded, and a sense of relief was felt.
The men were too sensible not to know that they who
could scarcely handle a ramrod were illy fitted to go
into action, and yet had the blundering order been
insisted upon, as in the case of the 16th Conn., they
would have done their utmost to uphold the honor of
the old commonwealth. As it was, the command
" slept upon its arms " that night. On the 3d, McCall's
division passed camp on the way from the second
Manassas field to Chain Bridge. Alas, what a revela
tion ! Could these blackened, bearded, tattered, be
grimed veterans who swooped down upon the slop
barrels of the cook houses " like a wolf on the fold,"
greedily clutching the contents in their hands and
cups and ravenously devouring scraps of " soft bread "
and fresh beef; * could these blackened and in many
cases wounded men, shoeless, hatless, blanketless, be
the army of the Union ? Could these officers with dusty
and battered equipments, scarcely a badge of rank
discernible, weary and footsore, be their commanders ?
Where was all the pomp and panoply of war ? But
so it was. Humiliating as was the sight, it was none
other than the torn and broken columns of Pope,
fresh from the disaster at Bull Run, and now on swift
march to withstand the invasion of Maryland.
It is sufficient to say that this incident had a salu
tary effect on officers and men. Both sprang to the
duty of drill and discipline, not knowing how soon
the terrible experience of these comrades might be
repeated in their case. The immediate duty of the
regiment at this time was the guarding of the Wash
ington end of Long Bridge, and the commissary stores
at Fort Runyon. The fort was a veritable death-
* Witnessed by the writer.

22 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
trap. Situated on the great marshes bordering the
Potomac, it was in the midst of a most foul and fever
breeding district — the air was filled with poison, and
on the unacclimated lads of the North it fastened
with a deadly grip. The ague became prevalent in
camp, and in a short time numbered its victims by
the hundred.
On September 6th, came a second summons to
march. This time Frederick, Md., was named as the
objective point. Tents were struck, and the command
was ready at noon. This order was likewise counter
manded and another issued that it should move
within the city limits of Washington. Accordingly,
the regiment re-crossed Long Bridge and went into
camp on an open lot near the unfinished Washington
Monument, and opposite Gen. Casey's headquarters.
The limits of this camp were much contracted. The
duty as before remained at the fort and the bridge,
whither each company in turn was assigned for twenty-
four hours. Here the lads sunned themselves under
the immediate eye of the author of their military
tactics, and strove to show him they were apt pupils.
[It dawns upon some of the veterans at this late day
that probably he never looked at them at all]. A non
commissioned officers' drill was established and the
sergeants and corporals carefully instructed in their
special duties.
But other things were in store. White gloves and
shoe blacking were issued by the officers, and on the
8th the regiment made its first parade bow to a large
Washington concourse. Here for the succeeding days
drill followed drill in rapid succession, and the com
mand attained high proficiency. On the i8th, dress
coats, leggings, regulation hats and shoulder scales
were issued, and all doubt that the term " Casey's
pets " was fittingly applied, then vanished.
These were peaceful days, but not forever to last.
Suddenly came the order to return to Camp Chase,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

23

CASEY S PET.

and on the 20th the boys bade good-bye to the cattle
in the next yard, to the " hole in the ground guard
house " and to the " Washington pies,"
and got themselves, their plumed
hats and their shoulder scales back
to the enemy's soil.
And now began, in addition to the
daily duty of the regiment, one
unceasing round of reviews and
exhibitions. To be compelled to
stand for hours in the fierce sun
shine on the Potomac flats, two
and three times weekly, trussed up
in the toggery mentioned, for the
edification of some public official,
did not receive the hearty endorse
ment of the boys, yet no effort was
relaxed to maintain the reputation
the regiment had already gained, as the best drilled
command within the defenses of Washington, south
of the Potomac.
September 27th, the 15th was made a part of Gen.
Kane's brigade, and put under light marching orders
with ten days' rations, and one hundred rounds of
ammunition per man, but the next day it was detached
and ordered to remain in camp. The cause for this
revocation of orders was due to Col. Wright's and
Surgeon Holcomb's efforts. The regiment had
just been vaccinated and was unfit to move.
The first of October found the command still at
Camp Chase. Enormous forces were moving for a
fall campaign, and there was an expectation that the
15th would be ordered out. This feeling grew to be
a wish, a hope, a prayer, particularly as the month
went by, and the same debilitating round of duty on
the Potomac swamps was continued. At one time,
more than fifty per cent of the force had succumbed
to these poisonous marshes. Neither officers nor

24 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
privates were exempt. Malaria, like a nightmare
settled on the camp, crushing all energy and hope
out of the men. Fatal as were the vapors of the
Chickahominy swamps, or deadly even as was the fever
stricken air of New Berne, neither there nor in any
other place where armies congregated North or South
can it be said so much constant destruction to the
square foot lurked in the air, as over those accursed
Potomac flats.
A word should be added here concerning the
guarding of Long Bridge during the period just men
tioned. If this duty was disagreeable, it had the ele
ment of activity in it and "meant business." It was
not without its compensation, also, as an " eye
opener " to the wiles of human nature. Capt. White,
in one of his papers, thus writes:
" Long Bridge was the only route for travel lead
ing directly out of Washington into the Southern
Confederacy. As a school for the study of human
nature, the station at the Washington end of Long
Bridge might, in '62, have justly been styled a univer
sity. What could not be seen anywhere else in the
way of subterfuge, double dealing and duplicity,
could be found there. The first time the 15th C. V.
ever saw quinine put up in the form of a bologna
sausage, was there. The first time it ever saw a veri
table wooden coffin, ostensibly designed for a Dutch
colonel, dead, but in reality filled with bottled Rhine
wine and lager for a Dutch sutler, living, was there.
And there, it will be remembered, as company after
company occupied the sumptuous quarters provided
at the sacred end of the bridge, the regiment was first
initiated into the never-to-be-forgotten luxury of
"scratching itself to sleep;" and it was while on this
duty, too, that the regiment encountered for the first
time that mysterious and delectable compound,
quinine and whisky. Officers and men, with few
exceptions, faced this last named ordeal with the for-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 25
titude of regulars. The few who preferred their
quinine plain, were granted the indulgence; but the
larger few who preferred their whisky plain, were
not so fortunate. It was an axiom with Surgeon Hol-
comb that quinine and whisky mixed, as a dose, was
non-cumulative in the system, and therefore perfectly
safe, whereas if the two were given separately, the
quinine was extremely liable to accumulate, — in the
soldier's pocket. ' '
It was the duty of the guard to submit everything
to the most rigid inspection. Passes were carefully
scrutinized, and frequently their bearers, man or
woman, searched. Day and night, in either direction,
soldiers, officers, teamsters, sutlers, civilians, courte
sans, contractors, negroes on foot, mounted, in
vehicles, poured in a ceaseless tide along this artery.
Watchfulness could not be over-estimated, and vigi
lance was never relaxed. River patrol boats were
added to its guard between sunset and sunrise, lest
some wily foe should attempt its destruction by
explosion. The subsistence and safety of the army
of Virginia largely depended upon its existence.
On the 2d of October the regiment was con
solidated with the 12th New Hampshire, 147th New
York and 157th Pennsylvania, under the name of the
" First Provisional Brigade for the Defense of Wash
ington," Col. D. R. Wright, commanding. At this
juncture Lieut. Penrose, of the regular army, was
assigned to the brigade as its instructor, and neither
officers nor men under his tuition found many idle
moments. The following schedule shows the routine
of the camp at this time :
DAILY DUTY.*
A. M.
Reveille, 6.00.
Surgeon's call, 6.15.
Squad drill, 6.15 to 7.15.
* From the original, made by Lieut. Edwin W, Bishop.

26 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Breakfast, 7.15.
Guard mount, 8.00.
Officers' drill, 8.30 to 9.30.
Company drill, 9.30 to 11.00.
M.
ist Sergeant's call, 12.00.
Dinner, 12.00. p. M.
Inspection quarters, 1.00.
Battalion drill, 2.00 to 4.00.
Dress parade, 5.30.
Supper, 6.00.
Officers' meeting, 7.30.
Tattoo, 9.00.
Taps, 9.30.
The regiment was treated to its first real surprise
on the night of the 8th of October. An alarm was
given a little after midnight, the first time the " long
roll " had been beaten in camp. The response was a
marvel to even the old soldiers. Co. K was first in
line on the parade ground, and answering to roll-call
in three minutes; the other companies were close
behind it. The battalion was held an hour or more
and dismissed.*
On the first of November orders were issued to
move to Fairfax Seminary, Va., a point about six
miles down the river and back of Alexandria. Co. I
was sent forward next day to lay out the camp. The
change was gladly welcomed. The feeling was uni
versal that Connecticut had done her share and more
of police duty at the capital of the nation. The regi
ment broke camp on the 3d. Company K being on
guard at Long Bridge, was recalled at noon, and it
was currently reported that when the latter left
"guard quarters," the rats in and about the old build
ings stood on their hind legs in line at " attention "
* It was afterwards learned that this alarm came near being the cause of a court
martial.

A Soldier of the Uniop.
[From a Fhoto. in 1862.]

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 27
as the boys filed by. The march was a short one,
and Fairfax Seminary was reached at 6 p. m. Sibley
tents were pitched ready for occupancy.
The weather had suddenly grown cold, and the
sharp wind nipped the lightly clad warriors bitterly.
Straw was liberally provided and all hands burrowed
in it like so many pigs. The 15th was here brigaded
with the 13th New Hampshire, 12th Rhode Island
and 25th and 27th New Jersey, under the command of
Acting Brigadier-Gen. D. R. Wright. Hardly had
the force got settled before a large detail was ordered
on fatigue duty near Ford Ward. This was not satis
factory to men who supposed they had turned their
backs on police duty at Washington. Fortunately
the order covered but two days.
The continued severe weather began to add num
bers to the sick list. Within a week of the regiment's
arrival at Camp Casey, or on the morning of the 7 th,
only 450 men were reported fit for duty.* On the 8th
a supply of small sheet iron stoves was secured and
issued, one stove for each tent.f
The layout of "Camp Casey," at Fairfax, was on
high ground about a hundred rods south of the Semi
nary, and a mile and a half west of Alexandria. A
long row of dilapidated buildings served as quarters
for the officers. Some of these tenements were con
verted into hospitals made necessary by the alarm
ingly large sick list. It was hoped that with the
change of base and advent of winter the health
of the regiment would improve. Such was not the
case however, at least while there. On the contrary,
the death rate rose surprisingly. Malarial and typhoid
fever were the prevailing diseases which the skill of
the surgeons failed to overcome. The first victim to
fall here was Coan of E, followed by his comrade,
* Thorpe's Diary.
+ The struggle of the sergeants to get their requisitions filled that breezy afternoon
will be long remembered.

28 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Sperry, then by Roberts, of A, Tallmadge and Keat
ing, of D ; Boyland, of H ; Smith, of I ; Bassett, the
two Linsley brothers, Munson, Foote and Ives, of K.
*Flynn, of H ; and Tallmadge, of A, had died at Camp
Chase. The month of November was phenomenally
cold. On the 7th a storm raged closing up at night with
four inches of snow on the ground and an icy crust.
Rains were frequent, usually occurring while the force
was on picket some four miles southwest from camp.
This picket duty was the main employment. The regi
ment was kept on am inner line of the defenses of Wash
ington, reaching from a point on the Potomac four
miles above Chain Bridge to a place called Snowdens,
on the same river, two miles below the Accotinck turn
pike. The section covered by Col. Wright's brigade
was four miles in length. The 15th Connecticut
patrolled one quarter of this distance, f The "Grand
Guard" contained a little over 400 men (usually taken
from two regiments) who carried two days' rations.
These "excursions" as they came to be called, offered
some opportunity for foraging. The region was thinly
settled and the isolated families were compelled to
keep an unusually vigilant watch over their dairies
and chicken coops.
Thanksgiving (Nov. 27) was not allowed to pass
unobserved. Scores of boxes filled with New England
delicacies from New England homes arrived in ample
season, and the time-honored institution was kept in
an orthodox manner. What if the sutler did miss a
fine ham or two ? What if the commissary lost a sus
picious looking willow basket ? What if all the cows
* Buried at Camp on Arlington Heights, Oct. 16.
•!¦ As a matter of fact this guard consisted of 472 men divided into four " supports."
Each support was made up of one Captain, three Lieutenants, six sergeants, nine cor
porals and ninety-nine privates, all from the same regiment. These supports were
further divided in three "reliefs" of 39 men, consisting of one lieutenant, two ser
geants, three corporals and thirty-three privates. Each support covered eleven
11 posts," and each post had three men on it. The posts were one hundred sixty
yards apart. The " reserves " lay some distance in the rear and the front was covered
by cavalry scouts up to the Confederate lines.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 29
within three miles of camp were milked the night
previous ? What if Alexandria contributed its quota
of long-necked bottles to the occasion? What if there
was much visiting, and jollification and hilarity and
good cheer ? What if the guard house was taxed for
"beds "before morning? was it not Thanksgiving?
Besides, though unknown to the lads at the time, this
event was about to close their career as "Casey's
pets." On the 30th, while a part of the force was on picket,
an order was received detaching the regiment from fur
ther duty within the defenses of Washington and
commanding that it assemble at Acquia Creek, Va.,
within seven days. A courier was dispatched to the
front and the guard brought in. This was on Sunday
evening. The next day shelter tents were issued,
five days' rations cooked, knapsacks packed, and at
2 p. m. the regiment filed out toward Washington,
crossed Long Bridge and turned southward through
Maryland. Fifteen miles were covered before a halt
was ordered for the night. The second day's march
brought them to Chatham; the third, to near Piscata-
quay; the fourth, to Port Tobacco, and the fifth, to
Liverpool Point. The last march was particularly
severe. Snow fell the entire day to the depth of
eight inches, and a more weary, bespattered, and
thoroughly chilled armed body than was the 15th
that night, never lay down. The next morning the
march was resumed and the Potomac reached in
a short time. Here a number of old and leaky
barges served as ferryboats on which the command
was crossed to the Virginia side, and went into camp
on the hills back of Acquia Creek.
As the boys looked on each other and themselves,
at the close of the week's march, there wasn't the
least doubt that their prayer for a " change " had
been answered. Their outward appearance indicated
it and their language endorsed it; so much of rain,

3°

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

snow, cold, mud and discomfort they had never known
before, and did not experience again in all their cam
paigns. More men deserted on this march than at
any other time in the history of the regiment. The
following list * compiled from official sources enu
merates the "missing" between Washington and
Acquia Creek :
A. Dickinson.
B. Hertzbach.
C. Davis, Keith, Sperry, McGuire.
D. Balbeeue.
E. Cahill.
F. Dunham, Kirtland.
G. Doty, Buckley.
I. Merrifield.
K. Bullard.
The day following (Sunday) the sun came out,
but the snow still lay heavily on the ground and the
wind was piercing. The bivouac had been made in a
pine grove and huge fires were kindled to "dry out "
the boys. On Monday about thirty of the hundred
convalescents left at Camp Casey obtained transpor
tation at Alexandria for Acquia Creek on an old
canal boat towed behind a steamer. They reached
the Creek late at night, and, unable to find the regi
ment, lay down supperless in their blankets in the
snow. The next morning a union was effected.
Tuesday, Dec. 9th, opened warm and smoky. The
" cold wave " had subsided and the snow gave way to
a sea of mud. Molasses f was here drawn as a ration
for the first time. Before it could be used, however,
the order came to fall in, and the column headed
westward. A short march of six miles was made and
a halt ordered for the night. No one seemed in a
hurry, and no one except the commanding officer
* Returns to Col. Tolles.
t Mosher of Co. C notes it as significant that always afterward when molasses
was issued, marching orders quickly followed.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 31
knew the destination of the regiment. This knowl
edge was not conveyed even to him until the morn
ing of the 9th, and was as follows :
U. S. Military Telegraph,
From Headquarters Army of the Potomac.
To Col. Wright,
Commanding 3d Brigade, Acquia Creek, Va.
You will march at once with your whole command, taking the
road to Falmouth, and report to Maj. Gen. Sumner, sending an
aide forward for instructions with a list of your regiments and the
strength of your commands. A. E. Burnside, Maj. Gen. Commanding
Army of Potomac.
The next morning the march was leisurely re
sumed, and by noon it was unnecessary to inquire
further the object of the expedition. It was apparent
a great struggle was about to open. Through inter
minable thousands of infantry, cavalry, artillery,
wagon trains, and all the baggage of war, the regi
ment was pushed until well up toward the front.
Here it halted about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, a
couple of miles or more from the Rappahannock river,
and directly opposite the city of Fredericksburg.

CHAPTER III.

FREDERICKSBURG.

The first order issued after arrival at Fredericks
burg was that brigading the 15th with the 8th, nth,
16th, 2 ist Conn., and 4th R. I., under the command of
Col. Harland, and known as the 2d
Brigade, 3d Division, 9th Army
Corps, in Sumner's Right Grand
Division. It was not far from 3 o'clock, as
said, when the regiment reached its
position. Rations were issued and
the men prepared to make them
selves comfortable for the night.
OTH ARMY CORPS BADGE. -r-, , ,.. ., . - . -, , .,
But little attention was paid to the
alignment of the camp as it was understood its loca
tion was but temporary. The weather was warm.
Between three and four o'clock on the next morn
ing (Dec. nth) the attack on the city began. Gen.
Hunt opened with his artillery to dislodge the sharp
shooters. The first discharge brought the 15th to its
feet with a bound, its ears being unaccustomed to the
music of such " dogs of war."
Later it was served with 80 rounds of ammunition
per man, and called to arms at 8 a. m. Like the most
of the army that day, it lay in a state of expectancy,
listening to the incessant artillery fire. About 4 p. m.
dress parade was ordered, and it filed out upon a large
plain, from which shells could be distinctly seen
bursting over the distant city. Here Col. Wright
made a brief address to the troops, alleging his inabil
ity to accompany them and turned the command
temporarily over to Lieut. Col. Tolles.

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DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 33
On the morning of the 12th it was again under
arms, and at 8 o'clock set out for the field. Gen. Har-
land's instructions were to cross at the middle pon
toon bridge. Nearly two hours were consumed in
reaching this point, which was nearly opposite the
city, and a few rods below the piers of the burned
railroad bridge. Thus it was 10 o'clock when the
brigade halted on the heights in an old sunken road
leading to the river. A dense pall of fog and smoke
from burning buildings hung over the city and
obscured the heights beyond. Neither of the armies
could see each other, and under its cover, Sumner on
the right, and Franklin on the left, crossed the river
and pushed into position. About three o'clock the fog
lifted, uncovering the Confederate lines on Maryes
Heights. At this hour Gen. Harland's brigade
stretched like an immense blue ribbon from the river
up the slope to the summit of the ridge behind, wait
ing its turn to cross on the centre pontoon bridge. It
was in plain view of the rebel batteries and a most
conspicuous target. The opportunity was-not wasted
by the "Johnnies." A battery quickly opened on the
column and the 15th received its first compliments
from the Confederacy in the form of a percussion
shell which struck in Co. B, wounding three men, *
one mortally. Other shots followed in rapid succes
sion. The point whence they came was watched
with a good deal of interest, not unmingled with
considerable anxiety. Happily no others were
injured, and the column was withdrawn a little out of
range. Meanwhile this little diversion of the rebel
gunners had not been allowed to pass unnoticed by the
Union artillery. A battery of 20 pounders returned the
fire and a long range duel was continued until sunset.
At dusk the brigade started again for the river.
The way was now clear and crossing as contemplated,
* Thompson, Breen and Pardee. The former died and was carried across into the
city and buried in a garden. Later his body was removed under a flag of truce.

34 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS
it entered the city a few rods below the old stone
church, and lay in the main street during the night.
Here nothing was lacking to add to the destruction
of war. Many of the rebel dead lay where they fell
in the streets, in the gardens — in the yards of the
houses. The houses themselves, riddled with shot, or
opened by exploding shell, blackened and burned,
looked anything but inviting and home-like. Trees
were broken, fences destroyed, the streets torn by
shells. Where was the city's population? With the
exception of a few blacks and an occasional family in
the extreme northern part, the inhabitants had sud
denly fled, leaving in many cases their household gods
and goods to the mercies of the invaders. The usual
scenes of an abandoned city followed as a matter of
course. It was "an eye for an eye." From many of those
now riddled and dismantled dwellings and from every
hiding place the rebel sharp-shooters had for hours
baffled all attempts to cross the river. This was their
right to do. It was legitimate warfare, but it brought
the bombardment and sacking of the city on their
heads as the natural result.
At four o'clock next morning, December 13, the
men were aroused. There was no beating of the
reveille. It was still dark and very quiet. Rations
of raw salt pork and hard bread were distributed.
Fires were forbidden, and consequently, there was no
coffee. Soon after daylight a stir of the forces in the
city was apparent and at 8 o'clock the attack began.
It was not known at the time that the 15 th was among
the reserves, consequently there was a general air of
expectation — among the men at least, that this large
and well equipped regiment would be among the first
to be ordered up. Such was not the case. The bri
gade was massed upon the bank of the river below the
city, where it remained during the day. It was a
"safe and happy shelter" for the men. Directly in

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 35
the rear of the city and less than a mile distant, death
in its most horrid form strode conqueror the en
tire day long— all the noise of the field was dis
tinctly audible — the incessant rattle of the rifles,
rising at times to a continued roar, the shouts of the
charging columns, the spiteful crack of the light bat
teries, the screaming missiles in the air, and over all
the terrible thunder of the heavy guns upon either
heights made it a day second only to Gettysburg.
It was while lying in this position that many of
the brigade were disabled by the Union guns. A
New York battery — Benjamin's — was using defec
tive ammunition, with the result that the shells
exploded directly over the reserves. A few were
killed and a number wounded. The 15th, however,
escaped injury.
Suddenly, toward nightfall, the conflict seemed to
increase in intensity. There was a hurried call to
arms at 4 o'clock, and in a few moments the brigade
was under way for the field. It had scarcely cleared
the streets of the city and deployed in line of battle
before it came under fire. There was a swift advance
through a field, then over a stream and across a
meadow to the cover a slight rise of ground afforded.
Here the line halted and dressed; a few were wounded;
but ten seconds later such a storm of lead and iron
broke over the swamp just crossed as would have
decimated any force there.
As this was the position indicated for the brigade
to occupy, it stacked its arms, spread its blankets and
lay down. Comrades will recall on that eventful
night, the anxiety of their young adjutant passing
down the rear of the line entreating the companies
by turn with a good deal of fervor to "keep quiet."
By this time the firing had nearly ceased, but, O,
what a day of slaughter it had been. Says Palfry:
" The short winter's day came to an end. Fifteen
thousand men lay dead or wounded along the banks

36 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
of the Rappahannock and the Army of the Potomac
was no nearer Richmond than it was when the sun
rose. * * * The Federals had had a day of hard
and hopeless effort and they had nothing to cheer
them but the consciousness of duty nobly done."
The night was quiet. Neither side maneuvered for
advantage. The dead and wounded were quietly
removed. An occasional rifle shot cracked out on the
picket line, but both combatants were too wearied to
harass each other to any extent.
The i5th's haversacks were empty, and at early
dawn a detail was sent back to the city for rations
and stragglers. A number of the latter were picked
up in the streets and under guard were made to " tote "
the boxes of hard bread up to their comrades. It was
in vain that these skedaddling warriors protested they
were lost from the regiment the night previous, and
equally discredited by the officer of the detail was a
comrade's explanation that as it was Sunday morning
he had gone in to attend Church.
It was, in truth, Sunday morning, December 14th.
The scanty rations were eaten long before sunrise,
and at that hour the brigade was ordered back into
the city. Six, seven, eight o'clock passed, and under
cover of the buildings a large force was seen
concentrating. In all the streets ranks of men
were quietly assembling. Presently the rumor ran
down the line that Gen. Burnside in person would
lead a storming column of eighteen picked regiments
of the 9th corps, of which the 15th Conn, was to be one.
The assault was ordered at 9 o'clock. Final instruc
tions were issued for this event; the "suddenly indis
posed " were weeded out — belts were tightened — bay
onets fixed — caps removed from guns — messages given
to those remaining behind, and the armed host stood
grim and silent ready for the command to march.
Luckily such order was not given; had it been, the
human wave would have dashed just as fruitlessly

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

37

against the enemy's works as did its comrades the
day before.
For two long hours the forces stood in line in that
state of expectancy which only they know who have
had a like terrible duty assigned them.
Between 10 and ii o'clock the order was given to
break ranks, coupled with the announcement the
attack was abandoned. The regiment remained in
the city during the day. Occasionally an artillery
duel at long range would break out for a few minutes,
and once or twice the picket lines got somewhat
angry, but on the whole it was a quiet Sunday. Both
forces were resting on their arms.
The next morning found the brigade still in the
city. There was heavy cannonading on the right and
left during the day, with an occasional demonstration
in the centre, but no infantry advance. It became
clear to the union officers that Gen. Lee did not
intend to assume the offensive. This left but one
recourse to the union army ; retreat ! There was
considerable moving by Gen. Burnside of his men in
the face of the enemy during the day, as if maneu
vering for attack. The picket lines were sharply
maintained and every evidence manifested of an
impending advance. This belief was also general
among the men.
The night came on cloudy, foggy and exceeding
dark. At 10 o'clock the regiment which had stretched
itself asleep in the street was quietly aroused
and without so much as a click of a buckle, led out of
the city to the front. Here the picket fires burned
dim through the fog and the two lines uneasily
watched each other. On the part of the 15th anight
attack was expected. The actual fact was that Gen.
Burnside was retreating. Toward every crossing col
umns of men were silently streaming in the most or
derly manner. Not a command was given except to
" follow your leader." The pontoon bridges had been

3 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
carefully muffled with hay and dirt, and every precau
tion taken to pass the army over quickly and noiseless
ly. The 15th remained at the front (now the rear) to
cover the retreat. It was among the very last of the
regiments to leave the city, and crossed the river
not far from two o'clock in the morning. It
proceeded at once to its old camp ground,
reaching that jolly locality in the midst of a heavy
rain about an hour later. Not a tent was standing on
arrival. Every effect had been packed to go forward
on the "advance to Richmond." There was 'nothing
for the defeated soldier to do but select the softest (?)
place in the mud, wrap the " drapery " of his blanket
about him and lie down to be beaten by the pitiless
storm. Fortunately the weather was mild and he
slept like a veteran.
Thus terminated a disastrous campaign, but it had
been the means of " seasoning" the 15th Conn. The
next morning the tents were returned, company
streets were marked out, and in a surprisingly short
time the camp again took on a martial appearance.
The following brief report appeared in the public
press * at that time. THE LYON REGIMENT.
Headquarters 15th Regiment, C. V.,
2d Brigade, 3d Division, 9th Army Corps,
Army op Potomac, Dec. 17, 1862.
Sir; — In compliance with orders, I have the honor to transmit
the following account of the operations of my command in the
battle at Fredericksburg, together with the names of those killed
and wounded during the engagement. In obedience to General
Orders No. 34, dated December 10, my command formed in their
camping ground at 8 a. m., Dec. 11, and remained under arms
during the day and succeeding night. On the following day, at 8
a. m. they took up the line of march, left in front, and proceeded
to the pontoon bridge, on the Rappahannock, where they
remained during the day ; towards night they marched over the
* Journal and Courier.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 39
bridge into the city of Fredericksburg, and remained under arms
during the night. On the following morning they marched, left
in front, to the flat on the south shore of the river, where they
formed in battalion masses and remained during the day under
arms. At 4^ o'clock p. m. they took the line of march and
formed in line of battle under the brow of the hill, in the rear of
the " Slaughter House," a little to the right, where they lay upon
their arms until the next morning, when they marched back to the
city, and remained under arms during that day and night and
succeeding day. At night they again formed in line of battle on
the plain, to the right of the "Slaughter House," and after
remaining under arms some two hours were, at about 10 o'clock,
ordered back to camp.
Two companies, " A " and ' ' F," were detached on the night of
the 13th to support the nth C. V., on picket duty. Two com
panies, " D " and " I," were also detailed on the night of the 15th
inst.. for fatigue duty at the pontoon bridge.*
The casualties during the engagement were as follows, viz. :
Co. A, Henry Warnock, minnie ball through the hand. Co. B,
J. B Thompson, mortally wounded in the head by a shell, since
died ; James Breen, wounded by a shell, leg amputated ; William
Pardee, wounded in the ankle, severely. Co. C, Corp. Chas.
Galpin, wounded in the head and shoulder, severely. Co. E,
Thomas Stenson. wounded in the leg, severely ; Michael Buckley,
wounded in the hip, severe contusion; Orrin Beers, wounded in
the thumb. Co. I, Thomas Owens, wounded in the head by our
own battery on Stafford Heights, not dangerously; Surgeon H.
V. C. Holcombe, wounded in the head, not seriously.
In closing my report, I deem it justice to Col. Wright to say
that, though not able to take command of his battalion on account
of severe injuries previously received, yet he was present when
ever the state of his health would permit, in aiding me and in
cheering and encouraging the men.
Very respectfully your obedient servant,
[Signed] SAMUEL TOLLES,
Lieut. -Colonel Comd'g 15th C. V."

* Company H was detailed to assist in burying the dead after the battle. Corp.
H. C. Baldwin reports that they buried 400 Union soldiers in one trench, and that
most of these bodies were stripped of everything but underclothes. The Confederate
authorities ordered them to bury the dead horses, which they very properly refused to
do. On leaving the field our boys struck up u John Brown's Body," etc. Gen.
Barksdale rode up and commanded that the 'L d  d Yankee song be stopped, or
somebody would get shot."

40 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
The two succeeding days were spent in preparing
reports, cleaning clothes, polishing equipments,
policing the grounds and generally settling things.
On the 1 8th, attractive and interesting exercises were
held in the brigade, which one of the veterans
* thus describes: " December 18. To-day preparations
were made for mounting some of the members of the
different regiments of the brigade. The men selected
to ride not being experienced horsemen, had the pre
caution when mounted to have placed a strong rope
around each ankle, and fastened to a tent pin driven
in the ground. The ' horses ' were the hardiest and
tallest used in the service, some standing at least 10
feet high and correspondingly strong. Owing to the
scarcity of these horses, in some cases five and six
riders were mounted on the same animal (?) Such a
spectacle did not fail to engross the attention of the
less favored soldiery, but as these mounted men
evinced more or less aversion to converse with their
comrades as to the reason of their attitude, their
commander had thoughtfully hung upon them large
printed cards, bearing in heavy letters such legends
as these :
Deserter. I am a coward.
I ran away. I skulked.
Thief. Etc., etc."
All these little attentions were showered on these
men to attest the appreciation their officers had of
their courage and usefulness during the late battle.
The first dress parade after the return was held on
the 19th. On the 21st, the regiment was on picket on
the Rappahannock, in front of the city. The citizens
had returned to their homes, and the Confederate
lines were brought again to the waters' edge. Con
siderable chaffing and some trading in coffee and
tobacco were done across the stream. (Members of
* Griffin of C

Military Discipline.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

4i

Co. C will remember with pleasure the army mule
who waltzed around on their sleeping forms in the
shed that night).
On the 24th, a review of the 9th Corps by Gens.
Burnside and Sumner took place on the plain, near
the Lacy House.
Christmas came warm and serene, a surprise even
to the citizens of that latitude. Many private boxes
reached the camp in season, and these, with a special
issue of fresh beef and vegetables, made the occasion
an enjoyable one. The night was clear and the moon
at its full. It was no hour for strife or bitterness.
Where but a few days before the hot muzzles of a
hundred and more cannon on each side had hurled
death across the narrow valley, now stood various
military bands playing the old time tunes of the
Union to the listening thousands of soldiers. As the
night wore along, the musical selections on both sides
shaded off to "The Girl I Left Behind Me," and
finally as if by a common impulse, the strains of
" Home, Sweet Home " broke out right, left and
centre from friend and foe, till the air was tremulous
with melody.
The New Year opened with the armies still con
fronting each other. Something of excitement had
prevailed in the regiment during the last days of
December, when three days' rations were ordered
cooked, coupled with the admonition to be ready to
march at a moment's notice. However, no move fol
lowed. On January 6th, Gen. Burnside reviewed the
9th Army Corps. The weather now began to grow
cold- and storms were frequent. Huts were built in
the hillside, with fire-places and mud chimneys.
Wood and water were in the greatest demand.
The former had to be "toted" something more
than a mile on the men's shoulders, and the latter in
any fit condition was impossible to find. " Springs "
were opened here and there, but the surface drainage

42 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
with every storm flowed into them, laden with the
accumulating poison of a camp. Whiskey rations
were issued as an antidote, but not even the hottest
"brand" of that liquor ever distilled could get the
best of the water at Fredericksburg. There was but
one thing viler; the soup served at the Washington
Railroad depot in 1862.
These discomforts soon affected the health of the
regiment. Both officers and men began to give way
until the illness nearly equaled that of Fairfax Sem
inary. Typhoid fever was the prevailing disease.
Jan. 20th, general orders were read at dress parade
at the head of every regiment of Gen. Burnside's
command, announcing an immediate movement of the
Army of the Potomac. The 15th was under marching
orders at 2 a. m. the next morning. But as at that
hour a heavy rain was falling, the order was counter
manded, and later it went on picket at the front.
The two succeeding days, rain fell incessantly, but
notwithstanding this, Burnside began his second
attempt to cross the river and troops were moving
aimlessly in all directions. No pen as yet has been
able to describe the inextricable snarl and confusion
attendant on this move. The vocabulary has not been
coined in which to express it. Pontoons, artillery,
cavalry, infantry, wagon trains, became hopelessly
swamped and unable to move. Said a sergeant not
long afterwards, " Heaven muttered at the deed and
sent an angel to stop it." If so, then that " angel "
was Mud, mud in supreme condition, with unlimited
capital and anxious for business. It was mud that
checked the movement — mud that saved thousands
of lives, and mud that spared the Army of the
Potomac another crushing defeat. On the 23d, the
advance (?) was recalled and the sun shone
brightly the same day. No regrets were felt at the
failure of the enterprise, neither was any mortification
experienced by the regiment when, shortly after, out

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

43

on picket, they read this announcement in broad
letters on a board within the enemy's lines, " Burn
side stuck in the mud."
This excitement over, the boys again turned atten
tion to strengthening their winter quarters. On the
28th, a violent snow-storm set in, but such good pro
vision had been made in " stockading " the tents that
although a foot or more fell on a level, no serious dis
comfort was felt. The day following, the regiment
was mustered for two months' pay which further
assisted it to bear the rigors of the Virginia winter.

CHAPTER IV.
DEPARTURE FROM FREDERICKSBURG  NEWPORT NEWS 
SIEGE OF SUFFOLK — ¦ EDENTON ROAD — THE PROVI
DENCE CHURCH ROAD SKIRMISH  DEPARTURE FROM
SUFFOLK.
With the miscarriage of Burnside's last plan to
reach Richmond came a change of base of the Army
of the Potomac. On the 5th of February the brigade
received marching orders, and the next day took the
cars for Acquia Creek. Transports were in waiting,
and being safely disposed on board the steamer John
Brooks, the regiment bore away down the river for
Newport News, on the 7th. This beautiful spot was
reached on the afternoon of the 8th (Sunday). Here,
large and roomy barracks received the regiment.
The change was a welcome one. Two months at
"Camp Mud," with its fetid water, its insufficient
rations, its damp and narrow accommodations like
graves on a hillside, had taken the "sand" out of
many a lad and laid him in the hospital. But
coming into wholesome quarters, with ample light
and air, and more than all, plentiful rations, coupled
with such change of diet as the sea afforded, the men
rallied speedily and the whole force early regained its
old prestige.
A stay of four weeks was made at Newport News.*
Many of the officers took short furloughs. Communi
cation with the North was uninterrupted, and " Capt.
Hinsdale's express " brought many a reminder of
New England hospitality into camp. Excursions to
Fortress Monroe and other points were frequent.
Duty was light and mainly confined to battalion and
* Col. Wright resigned the command of the regiment at this point, Feb. 13th.

Major Eli W. Osborne.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

45

brigade drill, with an occasional review. Rations
of fresh beef, soft bread and vegetables were issued.
Altogether it was a rest worthy of remembrance.
On March 13th orders were issued to break camp
and repair on board a waiting transport. The regi
ment embarked about 4 o'clock in the afternoon and
arrived at Norfolk late in the evening. All hands
remained on board until 2 o'clock a. m., when they
were ordered ashore and spent the remainder of the
night on the sidewalks of the city. Transportation
by rail was secured for Suffolk, Va., and at noon the
command was set down in the latter village.* Camp
was established a short distance west of the town,
near the Nansemond river. The arrival was none too
early, for scarcely were the tents pitched before a
violent storm set in, and on the morning of the 21st
there was a foot of snow on the ground. It was here
that the regiment, by an enforced companionship
with the pickaxe and shovel, became very well
acquainted with the use of the same. The reasons
for this severe fatigue duty became apparent when
the sound of Longstreet's cannon on April ioth
announced his arrival before the city. It was then
conceded that not a shovel too much of earth had
been thrown up. Gen. Peck was in command of the
Union forces. Gen. Longstreet in his efforts to force
a passage held Suffolk as in a vise. From the hour of
his investment of the place until his departure on
May 4th, both armies lay on their arms, so to speak.
The Union lines were fairly well intrenched along the
right bank of the river. Both forces lay within easy
cannon shot of each other, and sor.ties, reconnoissances
and skirmishes allowed neither side any rest. It was
the most arduous campaigning so far that the 15th
had done. On the 17th, the 22d Conn, arrived
among other reinforcements. Gens. Halleck and Dix
* Boys, do you remember the hot coffee the 166th Penn. furnished us on our
arrival at that place ?

46 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
came a day or two later, and at a council of war it
was seen that the situation should be held at all
hazards. Frequent demonstrations were ordered by
the Union commanders to impress the enemy with a
sense of the strength of the defenses. A couple of
gunboats came up the Nansemond and took part in
shelling the woods. On the 20th the 8th Conn.
crossed the river, captured an earthwork with five
guns and 150 prisoners.
Up to this time the regiment had been under the
command of Lieut.-Col. Tolles. On the 18th a special
order of the War Department assigned Lieut.-Col.
Charles L. Upham, of the 8th Conn., to the 15th, and he
assumed command next day. Col. Upham came with
an enviable war record. Originally a first sergeant
in the 3d Conn., he saw service at Bull Run. At
the organization of the 8th Conn, he entered that
regiment as captain of Co. K, and for gallantry
at Fredericksburg in '62 was promoted to the rank of
major. Again, in March, 1863, he was commissioned
lieutenant-colonel of the same command.
On April 24th, Gen. Peck ordered a reconnoissance
on the Edenton road. The nth, 15th and 16th Conn.,
under Col. Beach of the 16th Conn., led the advance.
A force of 6,000 or 7,000 men under Gen. Corcoran
followed. These were mostly new troops, with the
exception of the 13th Ind.
The brigade assembled at Fort Dix. A march of
two miles was made before the enemy's pickets were
encountered. These were speedily driven in and then
their line of battle was distinctly seen. A charge was
ordered by Col. Beach and the brigade dashed in.
The enemy slowly fell back disputing every yard
until nearly two miles had been covered in this man
ner. Col. Upham dismounted, led the 15th, and when
the recall was sounded this regiment was far in ad
vance of the others, even being on its own skirmish
line. New batteries were encountered which vigor-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 47
ously shelled our forces and the object of the recon
noissance being accomplished it was deemed prudent
to fall back. In this affair the regiment had five men*
wounded, one of whom, Dougal, died the next day.
The following is the official report:
Headquarters 15TH C. V.,
(Near Battery New York),
Suffolk, Va., May 2d, 1863.
Lieut. :
In compliance with Special Orders No. 78, I have the honor to
submit the following report : April 19th I assumed command of
this regiment, then lying in bivouac at the works on the right of
Fort Union, where it remained until April 24th, when, with the
13th Ind., nth and 16th Conn. Vols., commanded by Col. Beach
of the 16th, made a reconnoissance on the road, this regiment
supporting the skirmishers on the left; after advancing some
four miles was ordered to withdraw quietly, and resumed our
former position near Fort Union at about 6 o'clock a. m. The
casualties were four wounded, one of whom has since died. On
the 26th, received an order from Col. Foster, commanding line
between Fort Nansemond and Fort Union, forming a provisional
brigade of the nth, 15th and 16th Conn. Vols., under command of
Col. Beach. The regiment was relieved on the 28th by the 118th
N. Y. V., and encamped on Gen. Harland's line of defense near
Battery New York.
Inclosed please find report of Major Osborn, commanding regi
ment, to April igth. Yours respectfully,
CHAS. L. UPHAM,
Col. Comdg. 1 5th C. V.
By dint of hard work the new fort in which the
regiment held so much stock (in labor) was com
pleted on the 27th and the big 100 pounder gun was
trained on their foes. About this time also the loca
tion of the camp was changed to near Gen. Getty's
quarters on Gen. Harland's front. Here it was, near
by the camp of the "One hundred three times N. Y.,"
that the boys by their superior skill in making the
gabions used in the earthworks of the forts earned
?Lieut. Bowns of C Schwart of D. Dougal and Williams of H, and Lego of I.

48 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
that famous appellation, " The basket makers of the
Nansemond." On or about the first of May the pressure upon
Longstreet's forces became so great that he was
forced to commence preparations for a possible
retreat. Gen. Peck became apprised of this and was
ordered to hinder his departure, and if possible pre
vent his junction with the Confederate forces gather
ing in and around Chancellorsville, Va. Accordingly,
an attack on his lines was ordered by Gen. Peck, May
3d, in which the Connecticut brigade bore an import
ant part. This was none other than a demonstration
on the rebel front via the Providence Church road.
The force was under Gen. Getty. Several regiments
were in the advance with artillery, cavalry, &c.
The nth, 15th and 16th Conn, were held in
reserve until noon when they were ordered to the
front to relieve some of the other regiments. Dur
ing this movement the 15th was at one time exposed
to the point blank fire of a rebel battery, and why
they escaped destruction nobody knew. They gained
a small ravine however, just as a storm of grape and
canister screamed over their heads. Even while lying
there they were galled by the fire of the rebel sharp
shooters perched in the lofty trees. It was at this
skirmish that Surgeon Holcomb was three times com
plimented with rebel bullets. During the night the
forces were withdrawn.
The following is the official report :
Headquarters 15th C. V.,
Suffolk, Va., May 4th, 1863.
Lieut. — I have the honor to state that at 8 o'clock p. m., on the
3d, in obedience to orders, I marched from camp with 320 enlisted
men and officers with the brigade, crossed the bridge on the
Providence Church road. About 1.30 o'clock a. m. I received
orders to relieve the 25th New Jersey regiment on the right,
arriving I found two companies engaged, which I relieved and
remained in the same position until dusk, when I received orders

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

49

to withdraw and form in line at the burnt house near the bridge.
Upon arriving at the house received orders to proceed to camp,
which I reached at 9 a. m. * Our loss, one killed, four wounded
and one missing. I am very respectfully,
CHARLES L. UPHAM,
Colonel Commanding ijth C. V.
The effect of this assault not only delayed the
departure of the Confederate forces, but it was such
as to open the way for a cavalry movement so effect
ive that Longstreet was driven beyond the Black-
water and the siege of Suffolk was raised. Although
the departure of the enemy removed all immediate
danger yet the attention of the 15th was still confined
to picket and fatigue duty. The same vigilance was
maintained and work on the fortifications kept up
much to the disgust of the boys. A change in the
location of the camp ground two or three times
eventually brought them to " Fort Connecticut " near
the last of May, where they remained until their final
departure. It was on the occasion of one of these sudden
camp changes that the regiment coming in from
duty found the commissary department gone five
miles down the river. The camp sutler had his
effects all packed, but for some reason had not gotten
away. The boys were hungry and the modest request
was made that he unpack his stores and open up a
temporary trade. To this he demurred, but alas for
him the "demurrer" was not sustained. No one
assumes to know just how it happened, but when all
was over there was a very mad sutler and a general

* Killed,

William H. Glassford,

Co. G.

Wounded,

James B. Parker,

Co. A.

James Greenland,

Co. A.

Louse Schafer,

Co. G.

George W. Clarke,

Co. K.

Missing,

John Malone,

Co. I (afterwards came in).

4

5o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
wreck of his "goods." This was called "Raid No. i."
The only person wounded was Adj. Brown, who was
shot in the back with a ball of soft butter. This
little episode was not without its lesson. It taught
the sutlers to understand that they accompanied the
regiment for its convenience as well as their own.

Surg. H. V. C. Holcombe.

CHAPTER V.

"THE BLACKBERRY RAID"  PORTSMOUTH, VA.  SOUTH
MILLS, N. C.: — EXECUTION OF THE DESERTERS WALES
AND VANDALL  GUARD AND FATIGUE DUTY IN AND
ABOUT NORFOLK, VA.
On June 19th the regiment was inspected by Col.
Upham, and ordered to break camp on the morrow.
Accordingly, the next day at noon, the 8th and 15th
marched to Getty's Station and
took the cars for Portsmouth, Va.
The latter point was reached at
sunset — both commands going
into camp about five miles from |
the city. Tents and knapsacks
were ordered left here. A stop
was made over Sunday, and on
Monday the regiment embarked
on the transport Columbia, for
Yorktown, Va. The river at this place afforded the
boys a great treat, and though a stay of but four
days was made, all felt improved. On the 26th, reve
ille was beaten at 3 a. m., and the regiment again
went on board the Columbia bound for White House
Landing. Troops in large numbers were concentrat
ing at that point, among which was the entire divis
ion with which the 15th was connected. It was there
also that this organization was transferred by order
of the War Department from the 9th army corps to
the 7th, much to the dissatisfaction of officers and men.
A stay of four days was made at White House
Landing, and on July ist, commenced that series of
forced marches which tested the endurance of the
Connecticut lads as never before. The column was put
in motion at 7 a. m., and urged forward the entire day

7TH ARMY CORPS BADGE.

52 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
with barely a halt. The heat was excessive and the
roads dusty beyond description. The rebel Col. Pem-
berton's plantation lay some distance beyond the
village of Lanesville, and that point was designated
as the limit of the first day's march. King William
Court House was near. This place was reached and
surprised toward evening. A scouting party from
Co. C* found a couple of horses hidden by the Con
federates in the woods and very considerately gathered
them in. Col. Tolles' orderly, and Major Osborne,
each took one for personal use. The orders of the
General commanding were strict concerning foraging
except according to the army regulations. Col. Upham
always believed a squad of Company C's men borrowed
a barrel of fish from a spring house on the plantation
which they never returned. Corporal Griffin of that
company declares this opinion of his commander an
aspersion on his comrades, avowing as his belief that
if such an occurrence did happen and restitution was
omitted, it was because the boys had no opportunity
to catch fish enough to make good the loss. Some
other shrinkages in mutton and fowls were complained
of by the farmers near by, but the well-known char
acter of the " Nutmeg State " boys raised them above
the level of suspicion. On the night of the 2d, the
bivouac was made at Brandy Station, and on the 3d
of the month the column reached Taylor's Farms late
in the evening and went into camp. The weather
was excessively hot and men had fallen out all along
the line of march. They kept coming in by twos and
threes. The two following days the Connecticut bri
gade was held in reserve while the main force went
on to Hanover Station, and there engaged the enemy.
On the evening of the 5th (Sunday), three days' rations
were issued and the brigade ordered to get under
way, which it did at 7 o'clock, marching until 3 o'clock
next morning, when it made a brief halt for breakfast
* Griffin.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 53
at a place called Aylett's Station. At 7 a. m., it was
again on the road, and marched continuously until 4
p. m., when King William Court House was reached
and a halt ordered. The all too brief night for the
tired boys was spent there, and at 5 o'clock next morn
ing they were again beat up and put in motion for
White House Landing. A five hour's march landed
the command at the latter place about noon. It was
hoped that a short stay would be made there to "rest
up " the regiment. There had been seven days (and
parts of nights) of almost incessant marching over
the dustiest of roads and under the hottest of suns, but
great moves were being made at this time on the
chess-board of war in other directions, and their
energies were yet to be taxed more severely than
ever. The morning of the 8th opened with rain, but by
5 o'clock the boys were under arms and on the
road for Yorktown. About twenty miles were cov
ered when night came on, and the regiment bivou
acked in the fields. The second day's march was
another twenty-mile stretch and brought them near
Williamsburg at evening. On the ioth Yorktown was
reached after a hard day's work, but not content with
that, later in the evening the command was pushed
on to Bethel, where camp was pitched and twenty-
four hours' rest allowed the men. On the 12th the
march was resumed for Big Bethel, fifteen miles dis
tant, and the next day by easy stages the regiment
reached Hampton. The day following (July 13th)
a transport was taken for Portsmouth, Va., to the old
quarters, where their tents were still, standing and
knapsacks found in good order.
Thus ended fruitlessly what it is now believed
might have been made to yield one of the grandest
successes of the war. This demonstration on the
north side of Richmond was correct in theory; it had
the backing of military science, the necessary force

54

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

was there, but the leader was wanting. Says the late
Col. Tolles, in a paper read by him in 187 1 : "There
was no time during the war when a bold and rapid
dash would have secured us a victory, as on that occa
sion, and none where it was so foolishly thrown away.
Nine days were consumed in doing what should have
been done in two."
At no time in the history of the regiment did it
present such an unenviable appearance as on its
return from that great expedition. Clothing was in
shreds, arms in ill condition, equipments worn and
damaged, men swarming with vermin; and failure
written all over the enterprise, made this once proud
command hang its head in humiliation. Nearly
every movement of an army is said to have some
compensation, but in this instance there was not a
shadow of return, unless Sergt. Beecher's satisfaction
be adopted as such, who said he saw a mile-post
inscribed " six miles to Richmond."
But a soldier's spirits are elastic, and with the
opportunity of rest, together with the issue of new
clothing and wholesome rations, the 15th recovered
its prestige, and the " Blackberry Raid " became but
a theme of banter and ridicule.
On Sunday, July 19, the regiment was ordered on
review, its first public appearance since its arrival.
Already the men had begun the erection of houses
for themselves, and the camp began to put on a
permanent look. Much ingenuity was shown in the
manufacture of the buildings, particularly the offi
cers' quarters. These, though contracted in area, had
all the comforts of home. Many brought housekeep
ers in the persons of their wives, and such dwellings
showed that adornment and taste the New England
woman knows so well how to exhibit.
From the arrival of the regiment until about the
middle of September, a period of two months, there
was little of note. The routine of guard and picket

Surg. Edward 0. Cowles.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 55
duty,* an occasional review, with now and then a detail
for fatigue duty at some fort, made up the common
round. One event, however, occurred to disturb the
serenity of the camp, which was the unwarrantable
killing of Corporal Baker of Co. P, by private Dough
erty of Co. G. Dougherty was under the influence of
liquor, which the camp sutler was furnishing the
men. Corporal Baker was under orders to take him
to the guard house, and while in the discharge of his
duty was shot by his prisoner. Dougherty was tried
by court-martial the following October, and sentenced
* Headquarters, Portsmouth, Va.,
August 7, 1863.
General Orders, \
No. i3. r
The following instructions relative to Grand Guards are published for the guid
ance of the command, and will be strictly obeyed :
I. The three principal Grand Guards are stationed at Bowers Hill, at Deep
Creek and at the crossing of the Norfolk and Petersburg R. R. with the road from
Deep Creek to Bowers Hill. The Grand Guard at Bowers Hill will consist of a Sec
tion of Artillery, a Squadron of Cavalry at least 150 men strong, and of one company
of Infantry at least 80 men strong, and will picket the road to Suffolk as far as the
poor-house, and the Roanoke and Seaboard R. R. as far as the 9th or ioth mile post.
That at Deep Creek will be similarly constituted and of equal strength, and will
picket the Dismal Swamp Canal for at least 10 miles.
That on the Norfolk R. R. will consist of a Company of Cavalry at least 60 strong!
and will picket the R. R. for 2 or 3 miles in the direction of Suffolk,
II. The Infantry and Artillery on Grand Guard will be relieved every 24 hours
at 8 o'clock a. m. The Cavalry as may be arranged by Col. S. P. Spear, Comd'g Cav
alry. The Chief of Artillery will .detail two sections, daily, for Grand Guard duty, one
for Bowers Hill, the other for Deep Creek.
III. Each Grand Guard will be commanded by the Senior Officer of all arms on
duty at that post, who will be held responsible that the orders from Dept., Corps and
Division Headquarters are carried out, those under his command obey the orders of
the General Officer of the Day, and of General Officers who may visit and inspect the
guards. He will see that constant communication is kept up by patrols and sentinels
with the adjacent Grand Guard, that the roads in advance of his post are picketed well
out and the country thoroughly scoured by patrols.
IV. The attention of all officers who may be called upon to perform Guard duty
is called to the Instructions for Officers on Outposts and Patrol duty, published by the
War Department and of which so many copies have been distributed that it should be
in the hands of every Officer. Hereafter, Officers on Grand Guard and picket will be
held to a strict accountability, and no excuse will serve for ignorance of duty.
By Command of
BRIG.-GEN'L GEO. W. GETTY.
HAZARD STEVENS,
Capt. & A. A. G.

56 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
to imprisonment for life. * The murder of Baker had
little or no effect to restrain, particularly the sale of
beer, and the consequence for a couple of weeks or
more was a constantly filled guard house and more or
less demoralization among the men.
Toward the first of September rumors were prev
alent concerning a change of base, and as if in con
firmation, a regiment in the vicinity would now and
then be suddenly detailed for special service. On the
20th of the month Col. Upham received orders to de
tach Companies D, I, E, H, K, under command of
Lieut.-Col. Tolles, and proceed to South Mills, N. C,
with instructions to guard the canal. The battalion
got under way at 4 p. m., and, marching about eight
miles, bivouacked for the night. The next morning
they were under arms again at 4 o'clock, and at 1 p. m.
reached their destination. Guard lines were set and
all precautions taken befitting the occupation of a
new place. On the 23d, Col. Tolles with a scouting
party of cavalry captured a blockade runner alleged
to have had $15,000 in his possession. f The time was
occupied between guard, picket and fatigue duty, and
but little occurred to vary the monotony for some
weeks. On Oct. nth, the five companies of the 15th which
had remained at Portsmouth, together with the bal
ance of the 8th Conn., were ordered to join the
force at South Mills without delay. This detachment
left camp at 2.30 p. m. on the 12th, and made the dis
tance in six hours and a half,;); a feat in marching
which seems incredible. On the next day other
forces arrived, among them the nth Penn. cav
alry. Col. Upham dismounted enough of the lat
ter to remount their horses with two companies
of the 8th Conn., armed with Sharp's rifles. He
* Afterwards pardoned by President Johnson.
t G. W. Smith of K.
•t Upham's Diary.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 57
had now a force of 500 cavalry and mounted infantry,
together with a battalion on foot of about 300 mus
kets. Altogether his command numbered nearly a
thousand, all in light marching order. The force got
under way at 3 o'clock on the afternoon of the 13th,
and camped for the night at a place called "The
Turnpike Gate." At daylight the next morning the
cavalry was pushed rapidly forward toward Parkville
with the intention of capturing a guerrilla nest at that
place. The surprise was only partial. The enemy
made no resistance, but took to their heels and the
swamp. One officer and four men were captured, also
three horses, several stands of arms, a small quantity
of commissary stores, a few rounds of old artillery
ammunition, and some unimportant equipage. The
camp was destroyed and the detachment returned to
South Mills, and the day following reached their old
quarters at Portsmouth.
The original detail of five companies remained at
South Mills a week longer when orders were received
to evacuate the place. Accordingly, on the 22d, camp
was broken and the column headed for Portsmouth,
which it reached that evening. The same night
orders were issued for the 8th and five companies of
the 15th to repair to the Fair Grounds at Norfolk to
attend the execution of Dr. Wright. He was hung
the succeeding day and the two regiments returned
to camp early on the following morning.
November 9th witnessed the shooting of the two
deserters from the 8th Conn., Wales and Vandall.
The 15th Conn, furnished twenty men as the firing
detail, under command of Lieut. Bowns of C. The
entire brigade was under arms to witness the exe
cution. On the 13th, an alarm was spread that
the rebels were expected in along the line of the
Norfolk and Suffolk Railroad, and a detail of 180 men
from the 8th and 15th was sent out on picket twelve
miles in that direction. Nothing came of the report

5 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
and the force after a sufficient time was recalled. The
succeeding two months had little of importance his
torically. The time was divided between guard duty
and work upon the defenses of Norfolk. The boys
became such experts in the use of the axe and the
shovel on the latter as to feel able to intrench them
selves in any and all conditions.
Toward the close of November, Chap. Miller found
himself in such ill health as to compel his return
North. He was parted with with the utmost reluc
tance. Genial, great-hearted, sympathetic as a woman,
and watchful of the host under him, he was kindly
regarded by officers and men whether engaged in his
specific spiritual duties or proclaiming from the door
of his tent, " Come up and get your mail." Through
his efforts on Arlington Heights a "regimental
church "* was formed with a large membership, an
organization which flourished hopefully down to the
sad day at Kinston, 1865, when the regiment was
practically broken up. On his retirement he issued
the following circular letter:
FAREWELL WORDS.
TO THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE I5TH REGIMENT CONN. VOLS.:
You have, at least many of you, been acquainted with the
fact that for a few months past I have been seriously contempla
ting the propriety of resigning my commission as your chaplain,
5'our spiritual guide and counsellor. It is m)- duty to-day, and a
painful duty it is, to thus officially inform you that considerations,
not to be slighted, have led me to resign and urge to the utter
ance of these farewell words.
We have been together in joy and sorrow, in the quiet of the
camp and the exposure of the field; our hearts are welded in affec
tionate sympathies and interests, by mutual action in scenes of
sickness, suffering and death, such as are alone presented in the
army. Together, ever since the regiment was recruited, have we
* This church was established at Camp Chase in 1862. Its membership reached
nearly three hundred, all members of New England churches. There were many con
versions in the regiment. The Lord's Supper -was celebrated on one occasion at Suf
folk, Va., by a company completely filling a large church there.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 59
toiled, and planned, and prayed that God would bless us in our
endeavors to perpetuate the glory of our beloved land; together,
over successes have we rejoiced, and when thousands of brave
hearts have fallen, crushed and bleeding under the maddened
passions of rebellion, we have mingled our tears and sympathies
for the bereaved and stricken at home.
It cannot be otherwise than that we find ourselves friends
indeed. To me, then, especially is the present moment one of
peculiar interest, and as painful as it is peculiar. I am to leave
you in the field of danger, — of strife, while I go to pursue my
calling as a preacher of the Gospel, amongst strangers, and dis
tant from the scenes of war. Since I came among you, my only
aim and purpose has been to do you good; caring for your bodies
as well as your souls, aiming to make your life in the army as
pleasant as possible, in planning and countenancing innocent pas
times that thus we might drive away " dull care" and as vigorous,
happy and confident men, when called to duty, go forth assured
of triumph and as " terrible as an army with banners."
In much I may have failed to meet your expectation, yet I am
confident you will ever esteem me as a man whose heart was in
the " right place " and whose sympathies were ever enlisted when
needed and known for all without hesitation. On this matter I
forbear to say more, the history of my labors is with the regiment
at large, it is especially with some, whose hearts I have sought to
comfort and to cheer in the day of adversity, and with others
whom, I fondly trust, I have led to the service of the blessed
Redeemer. "My record is on high." Never has a day passed
but in my devotions before God have I plead for you, that you
might be kept from sin and restraining grace abound amongst
you. In leaving you, I have only to reiterate the lessons I have so
frequently inculcated. If you would maintain the reputation of
the regiment, be careful and cherish those elements of character
which dignify manhood and make good soldiers, cherish the spirit
of obedience, of personal pride and patriotism. Cherish the Bible
and its blessed precepts and practice the same in your lives, then
shall you be controlled in tongue, temper and temperance. Allow
me a single suggestion, perhaps I ought to style it a recommenda
tion — whenever you can, go to divine service. Keep alive the
sweet recollections and influences of home in this particular. It is
frequently said " there is no Sabbath in the army." Base declara
tion ! I verily believe but few, if any, utter it, save those who
live regardless of God's law and the Gospel of his son Jesus Christ.
It is true, however, that our Sabbath privileges are frequently
encroached upon by ¦ ' general orders " for reviews, but I cannot

60 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
believe our commanding Generals have ever intentionally dese
crated the Sabbath by issuing "orders." in conflict with the Sab
bath Proclamation of the President, — in conflict with the command
of God, " Remember the Sabbath Day to keep it holy."
If such orders do come, if your Sabbaths are thus to be dis
turbed, give as best you can the whole weight of your influence
for the maintenance of religious worship in the regiment by a
regular and devout attendance. This will do you good and cheer
the heart of your chaplain. (I sincerely desire you may speedily
have another.)
Farewell for awhile — I shall yet hope to greet you on your
return home — I shall hope to join with you in the song of victory,
of triumph over rebellion and the rebellious. May God preserve
your lives that when you shall come forth from the clouds and
darkness of war and its attendants, it shall be to dwell in the sun
light of a Union restored; — a Union cemented as it will be by the
blood of patriots, to become at. once the envy and the pride of
every civilized nation.
If in coming conflicts any of you shall fall defending the
majesty of Law and Order, you will not be forgotten. In the
precious memories of the household, of the State, of the Nation,
your names shall ever be fragrant and your deeds of valor form,
with the deeds of other heroes, a garland to hang about the neck
of the Republic in her rejuvenated grandeur, the joy of future
generations, the hope and shelter of the oppressed of all climes.
I know you will be true to the country in the present contest, and,
as in the past, honor the name of Connecticut, the State you
represent. It has been well expressed —
" When traitors rent the flag of Stars,
And raised aloft the stripes and bars,
Her patriot sons with valor rose ;
And treason trembled at her blows.
On every sanguinary field
Her sons have bled on sword and shield,
Hasting to battle like the guests
Of kings to coronation feasts.
History with golden words shall tell
The future, where our heroes fell,
And flowers in Blue, and White and Red,
Shall blossom where their blood was shed."
Prove yourselves good soldiers; — Soldiers also of our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ, then will you rejoice through the blessed
ness of that spirit, in which fear and sorrow and suffering and
death itself, are swallowed up and lost like bubbles on some calm,
deep stream.

Chaplain D. Henry Miller,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 61
I thank you all for the many tokens of kindness you have
shown me; for your forbearance, your encouragement and the
late tangible evidences of your personal esteem. I must not fail
here to acknowledge the valuable and unexpected presentation
made me by the officers whose friendship and confidence I am
happy to believe I have ever shared.
Whilst my heart shall continue its pulsations I shall hold you
and those in your command in grateful remembrance. I will
follow all by my prayers and best wishes daily; and when the
battle of life is fought, may you and I. as victors through the
abounding grace of God, enter upon eternal peace, personal par
ticipants in the jubilee of the redeemed over sorrow, sin and
death. FAREWELL.
" May the Lord bless you; the Lord make his face
to shine upon you and be gracious unto
you; the Lord lift up his counte
nance upon you and
give you peace."
D. HENRY MILLER,
Late Chaplain i5th Conn. Vols.
Headquarters 15th Regt. Conn. Vols., Nov. 29, 1863.
Some complaint having been made that the
rations were deficient in quality and quantity, Lt. Col.
Tolles ordered an investigation, with the following
result : Camp of 15th Conn. Vols.,
Near Portsmouth, Va.
November 19, 1863.
Sir — In accordance with orders received from your Headquar
ters, I have the honor to submit the following report of the quality
and quantity of rations issued to the men of the 15th C. V.
(The Officers of Co. ("A") report the quality of all rations
good, with the exception of Salt Beef and Pork. These are often
very poor. As a general thing the men do not complain of the
quantity. The Officers of " Co. F " report that the Salt Pork drawn for
the men of that Camp is rusty and very poor, not one-half being
good. Fresh Beef and Coffee very good; sugar good. Candles
good, but the men are not able to draw enough. Potatoes very
good. Other rations very good, with the exception of Rice, which
is wormy.

62 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
The Officers of " Co. D " report that the full allowance of
rations is drawn, and with a few exceptions, the quality is good.
The Officers of " Co. I " report that the quality of the Fresh
Beef drawn is generally good, the quantity insufficient, owing to
the fact that the Commissary, instead of using Scales, guesses at
the weight. Salt meat, quantity insufficient, quality very poor.
Pork, quality good, quantity scant. Potatoes and onions are
drawn once in ten (10) days. Coffee and Sugar, quantity barely
sufficient, quality good. Other rations as good as can be wished.
Soft Bread is drawn every day, and issued at the rate of one (i)
loaf to a man. Loafs small and barely sufficient, quality good.
Each man has one-third (}{) of a candle for five (5) days.
The Officers of " Co. C " report the rations of Coffee, Sugar,
Salt meat and Pork and Fresh meat, short. No Molasses or Rice
is drawn in this Camp.
The Officers of " Co. H " report that twenty-two (22) pounds of
Sugar and eleven and one-half (nji) pounds of Coffee are drawn
once in three days for fifty-three (53) men. The Pork issued to
this Camp is very poor. Much of the Salt Beef has been unfit for
use. Vinegar, very poor. Rations of S. Beef and Sugar, short.
The Officers of " Company E " report Fresh Beef fair, both as
to quality and quantity. Salt Beef and Pork, quality and quantity
poor and insufficient, the latter not being fit for cooking purposes.
Vegetables, quality and quantity good. Rice and Dried apples are
never issued. Sugar is issued at the rate of a tablespoonful to a
man daily. Bread is issued according to the prescribed amount.
Molasses seldom issued. A greater variety in the issues would be
better for the Camp.
The Officers of " Co. K " report the issue of Fresh Beef is gen
erally short from three (3) to seven (7) pounds. Rations of S. Beef
and Pork full, the latter of very poor quality. Bread, good. Pre
vious to the last thirty (30) days no vegetables could be obtained.
Potatoes and onions are now issued at the rate of two-thirds (%)
of a barrel to fifty-two (52) men, every ten (10) days. Coffee and
Sugar are invariably short, the latter, in one instance, falling
short fifteen (15) pounds in ten (10) days, and in every drawing
from two (2) to three (3) pounds.
The Officers of " Co. G " report of Salt Beef, enough is drawn.
Fresh Beef is drawn once in four (4) days, hardly enough for one
meal for each man. Salt Pork, only enough for cooking purposes.
Potatoes, three-quarters {}() of a barrel once in ten (10) days, for
forty (40) men. Sugar, insufficient. The Salt Beef stinks, and
one-third is unfit for use. Fresh beef, generally good. Salt Pork,
very lean and too salt to use alone. Potatoes often one-third {lA)

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 63
rotten. Sugar, sometimes very poor. Other rations generally
good. The Officers of " Co. B " report quality of Salt Beef and Pork
poor, for the last few days unusually so. Of other rations the
quality is generally good, quantity insufficient.
By comparing the reports of the different Co. Officers, I find
that the rations of Salt Pork are poor, and in many cases insuffi
cient. The rations of Salt Beef are also often very poor. Of Fresh
Beef, the ration is often insufficient; of sugar, always insufficient.
Very Respectfully,
H. V. C. HOLCOMBE,
Surgeon ijth C. V.
To LIEUT.-COL. SAM'L TOLLES,
Commanding ijth C. V.

CHAPTER VL

DEPARTURE FROM PORTSMOUTH, VA.  PLYMOUTH  NEW
BERNE, N. C  BACHELOR'S CREEK  LITTLE WASHING
TON  ARRIVAL OF CHAPLAIN JOHN B. DOOLITTLE 
PROVOST GUARD DUTY — EXECUTION OF DESERTERS.
New Year's day, 1864, was observed by the regi
ment in the customary garrison manner, with wheel
barrow and sack races, greased poles, greased pigs,
etc., etc. On the 6th of January the first snow fell,
and on the 8th a " donation " likewise fell. The lat
ter was much the more appreciated. It consisted of
something over a hundred barrels, boxes, etc., of
fruit, vegetables and sundries, gathered in New
Haven as the city's New Year gift to the boys. This
great thanksgiving feast also emphasized an import
ant event. It chanced to mark the close of the six
months' tarry of the regiment at Portsmouth, for
scarcely were the good things digested ere a warning
came (January 16th) to be ready to break camp at a
moment's notice. The final order was delayed until
the 20th,* and the next day saw the fat and sleek look
ing command, with four companies of the 16th Conn.,
winding its way to the wharf, and thence on
board the steamer Spaulding, bound for Morehead
City, N. C. The boat left her wharf at 11 o'clock that
evening. The next day was marvelous for stillness
in which to pass Cape Hatteras; but notwithstanding
this, many will recall with anguish that it only
brought bitterness to them. No beauty of sea or sky
could be discerned, seen through the wretched spec
tacles of seasickness.
* By some unaccountable means, the "quarters " of the men and officers caught
fire the day the regiment moved and were entirely consumed. " No insurance ! "

Capt. Reuben Waterman.

DEFENSE 01 THE UNION. 65
The Spaulding swung into Morehead City on the
morning of the 23d, and the regiment gladly trans
ferred itself to solid ground. Later in the day it
took the cars for New Berne, reaching that city about
7 p. m., and still later the same evening went on
board the transport Collyer, bound for Plymouth, N.
C, to relieve the 101st and i02d Penn. and 85th N. Y.
A landing was made at the latter place the next
day, and camp established a half mile or more in the
rear of the city. The regiment was there for busi
ness, and on the 26th, Co.'s A, E, K, under Major
Osborne, together with a detachment of the 16th
Conn, and 85th N. Y. (the force amounting to about
500 in all, under command of Col. Manwell, of the
101st Penn.), were ordered up the Chowan river to
destroy Confederate supplies at Colerain, N. C. The
expedition got away on two boats so soon as the dark
ness would permit, and going up the river about
twenty miles, made a landing. Extreme caution was
now observed, as it was a bright moonlight night and
they were in the heart of the enemy's country.
Skirmishers were thrown out and a rapid march of
near twelve miles was made into the interior. The
rebel post was surprised a little after midnight,
though not completely enough to bag the inmates.
There was little or no resistance offered, as the guard
took to their heels, and the capture of the stores
included everything. About 200,000 pounds of pork,
hams, salt, and other supplies too bulky to remove,
were destroyed. The horses and mules, with some
cotton, were brought away. The object of the expe
dition being accomplished, retreat was in order. A
circuitous detour was taken to reach the boats. Just
before gaining the landing, or when within two or
three miles of it, a plantation was found on which
a few bales of cotton were discovered. A detail was
left to bring this along, while the main body kept on
to the river. By this time the routed rebels, who had
5

66 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
gathered forces enough to pursue, came up with this
detail and attacked it. The firing attracting the
attention of Major Osborne, Lieut. Linsley of K,
was sent back to cover the retreat, which was
effected, but with the wounding of one man (in 85th
N. Y.). With the exception of some hives of honey,
which the bees made too hot for the boys to take
away, all the spoils were safely brought off, even
to the two hams which Doolittle of Co. K, stuck to
persistently all through that hot twenty mile
march. The tired command dropped down the river
that night and were at their camp at Plymouth next
morning. A second expedition under command of Lieut.
Col. Tolles, was immediately set in motion. Fortu
nately the original draft of the Colonel's report has
been preserved, which furnishes the best history of
the raid. Headquarters 15TH Regt. Conn. Vol. Infantry,
Plymouth, N. C , January 31, 1864.
Captain :
I have the honor to report that, in obedience to orders from
your Headquarters, I proceeded on the night of the 29th inst., on
board the steamer Massasoit with my command, consisting of
detachments from the 103d and 101st Penn., 85th N. Y., 16th and
15 th Conn. Vol. Infantry, with some 50 sailors and marines with a
field piece, under the command of Lt. Comg. Flusher, amounting
in all to some 400 men. After reaching Cedar Landing, we dis
embarked and proceeded overland to the town of Windsor, in
Bertie county, N. C, reaching the camp of the Rebel forces at a
little after sunrise the next morning; about three-quarters of a
mile this side of the camp I divided my force. The detachment
of the 103d, 101st Penn. and 85th N. Y., under the command of
Major Crandell, I ordered around and across the fields to occupy
the Indian woods and Woodville roads at Winston Gate, while
with the detachments of the 15th and 16th Conn. Vols, and Lieut.
Comg. Flusher's command, I proceeded to make an attack in
front. On reaching the camp, I found that the entire force had
just left, leaving nearly all of their camp equipage. I then
moved on towards Winston Gate. On arriving at that point,
Capt. Hoggard came up with his command. He informed me
that he had not been able to destroy the bridge over the Cushie

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

by

river, the enemy pouring a continual fire on his men. I then
ordered Major Crandell, Capt. Hoggard and Lt. Comg. Flusher,
with their commands, to picket and hold the main and by-roads,
and to secure the property of the Rebel camp; while with my
command I proceeded to the bridge, skirmishing the road some
half a mile each side on my way. The bridge I found to be a
massive structure, and not having tools to work with, I could not
destroy it as effectually as I would like to have done. I, however,
covered it some three feet deep with dry rails, and fired it.
During the operation we were continually fired on in ambush,
which fire we returned. Having accomplished what I could here,
I retired towards the village, where I found that Capt. Johnson's
¦company, with some of Major Crandell's command, assisted by
Lieut. Beagle. A. D. C, had been active in searching the village.
They, found, however, but very little in the way of government
stores, only destroying one barrel of pork and a small quantity of
salt. The object of the expedition being, as far as we had been able,
accomplished, I retired, reaching Cedar Landing one hour before
sunset, and Plymouth at 8 p. m.
In closing my report, I should be doing injustice to Major
Crandell of the 85th N. Y., Lt. Comg. Flusher, Lt. Beagle,
A. D. O, and other officers, did I not make mention of the zeal
ous manner in which they co-operated with me during the expe
dition. The following is a copy of Capt. Hoggard's report, showing
the manner in which he arrived near the town :
Plymouth, N. C, January 31, 1864.
According to orders, I proceeded on the Bombshell up the
river (Cushie), and landed at Joseph Cooper's, and then took a
land tack for ten miles, crossing the. Coshaki road and Webb's
ferry road, thence down and around to the Winton road at the
Cushie Bridge, arriving there after day. I remained there till the
forces arrived at Windsor, when I then proceeded to Windsor and
joined the main forces, capturing one negro man.
[Signed], Capt. CALVIN HOGGARD,
Co. E, 2nd N. C. Vols.
The following is a list of the articles captured, viz. : 2 cases of
muskets of different make and calibre; 3 kegs of powder; 1 box
of cartridges; 1 box containing assorted clothing and equipments;
1 bass drum and a part set of musical instruments; 1 set of camp
and garrison equipage; old clothing, blankets, cartridge boxes.

68 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
etc., mostly worthless; 7 mules, 8 horses, 3 saddles, and 2 small
wagons which were burnt.
Very respectfully your obedient servant,
SAMUEL TOLLES
Lt. Col. 15th C. V., Comg. Expedition.
To Andrew Stewart,
Capt. and Asst. Adj. Gen.
Sub-District of the Albemarle.
The stay at Plymouth was brief. On February 3d
the regiment again embarked on the Collyer. Many
will remember the sand bars on which the boat
struck and the long, tedious hours spent in waiting to
get off. In point of fact the 15 th did not enter New
Berne until the third day after leaving Plymouth.
How little it knew what awaited, as it filed into
that ancient town. An enemy more secret, more
insidious, more deadly than ever lay in a rifle pit or
lurked behind a breastwork, crouched in that city
waiting its time to spring on its victims.
The regiment was stationed in barracks on the
plain not far from the Neuse river. Hardly had it
adapted itself to its new quarters before a detail was
sent to Fortress Monroe with a batch of prisoners,
and on the 17th the right wing (Companies A
) under command of Maj. Osborne, was
ordered to Bachelor's Creek, an outpost eight miles
north. The latter force took the cars early in the
morning and reached its destination about noon.
Thence it marched four or five miles to a place
called "Red House," and went into camp. Maj.
Osborne's instructions were to reinforce the picket
line at this point then on the outermost defenses
of New Berne. Guerrillas and bush-whackers in
spite of our cavalry patrols, now and then exchanged
shots with our men and added interest to the duty.
On the night of the 24th particularly, a dash was made
on our lines, but with no success. Reconnoissances
were frequent into rebel territory, and though they

Capt. Minott A. Butricks.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 69
resulted in little or nothing, still served to keep the
boys vigilant and in training. Some will remem
ber the great fire in the woods near the creek.
The battalion performed duty at this post until
March 30th, when it was ordered to return to New
Berne, and the same night rejoined its comrades at
their quarters.
During the absence of the right wing, as above
noted, the remainder of the regiment had not
been idle. Between guard duty in the city and
fatigue parties at the new earthworks near the river,
nobody had grown rusty. Toward the last of March
permits were issued for a portion of the 15th (130
members in all) to go home to Connecticut to vote. The
seeming favoritism which allowed some this conces
sion and denied it to others, provoked much bitter
language. It was useless however to "kick" and the
boys saw their fortunate comrades depart for New
England on the 31st of the month on a twenty days'
furlough. The next event of special interest was the affair
at Little Washington, N. C. Orders were issued on
the afternoon of April 18th to go at once to the relief
of the latter place. The 15th embarked on the
steamer Patuxent, and the 17th Mass. (acting in
conjunction) on The Pilot Boy. Both boats got
away late in the evening, reaching Little Washington
at noon next day. While landing, heavy firing was
heard at Plymouth, twenty miles distant. Gen. Hoke
with the rebel ram Albemarle, had attacked the
latter place, which resulted later in its surrender and
the capture of the 16th Conn., so long brigaded with
the 15th. The battalion on its arrival was quartered
in an old stable in the rear of the town. Companies
A and C were detailed for garrison duty in Fort
Washington, and the balance guarded the picket line.
Up to this time the Union forts in the vicinity had
been manned by the ist regiment Loyal North Caro-

70

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

linians, but as at the capture of Plymouth, before
mentioned, a portion of this regiment had been taken
prisoners and deliberately shot in cold blood, by the
order of Gen. Hoke, the balance of the command
was sent dowm the river to a place of safety. This
action left the forts therefore without proper artiller
ists. There was no lack of interest on. both sides
in the proceedings. On the 25th a Union gunboat
squeezed up the creek near Fort Jackson and noisily
shelled the woods in all directions. On the 27th the
rebel forces, freed from the investiture of Plymouth
appeared opposite our lines. An immediate attack
was expected. Fort Washington, the main defense,
was garrisoned by Co. C, of the 15th.
The armament of this work consisted of three
thirty-two pounders, a " Long Tom," two brass twelve
pounders (all smooth bores) and a three inch steel
rifled Wiard Gun. The latter was really the only
reliable piece. Its range was excellent. Sergt.
Towner had command of it and made several effect
ive shots. Sergt. Latta had charge of a " 32 " on the
west angle of the fort and bored so many holes with
it in an old cotton gin some three-fourths of a
mile away that the " Johnnies " fled in terror.
Corporal Griffin was detailed on the gun at the east
angle of the works. He had for a target an old brick
house a mile or more distant and supposedly unoc
cupied. At the fourth round Griffin knocked in its
gable, whereupon such a swarm of rebels issued from
it as to draw the fire of every Union gun that could
reach it. It was battered down. Much of the credit
of this amateur artillery practice was due to private
James, of Co. C, the only man in the fort who knew
how to properly load the pieces. Later on the 5th
R. I. Battery arrived. During the afternoon more or
less skirmishing took place and a few men from other
regiments were wounded.
It is supposed so bold a front was shown and so
much noise made as to mislead Hoke as to the real

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

7i

strength of the line, and that he deferred the attack
for a more sufficient force. That night the whole
Union force lay under arms in the breastworks and
the fort. At the same time however, movements
were in progress for the evacuation of the place. The
17th Mass. was quietly withdrawn on the 27th, and
the 2 ist Conn, followed the next day.
Except occasional picket firing, the night passed
without alarm. Co. C, that had achieved such dis
tinction as artillerists, opened again at sunrise with
an intermittent fire. The enemy did not even return
it. More troops were quietly withdrawn, aiid several
steamers appeared in the river during the day. That
night (28th, 29th) Fort Washington was dismantled,
the guns being taken on board the transports by the
infantry regiments. On the 30th fire was set to the
barracks, store-houses and other government build
ings, and the pickets called in. The 15th was the last
regiment to leave the breastworks.
The destruction of the place was made as complete
as possible, and as an unavoidable consequence much
private property suffered. The evacuating force
steamed away for New Berne that night. Sand
bars delayed them as usual, and the old quarters in
the barracks were reached next day.
On the 2d of May a Special Order assigned the
15th to Provost Guard duty in the city. The follow
ing list of the posts of this guard may serve to recall
some memories connected therewith.
First District.
Post 1 — Guard Quarters.
Post 2, 3, 4 — Guard House.
Post 5 — Naval Stores.
Post 6— Saw Mill.
Post 7, 8, 9, 10 — Craven Street Jail.
Post 11 — Gen. Palmer's Quarters.
1 corporal and 6 men at the Mail Wharf.
1 corporal and 9 men at the Railroad bridge.

7 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Second District.
Post i — Guard Quarters.
Post 2— Stables.
Post 3 — Gen. Palmer's Headquarters.
Post 4 — Foster's Wharf.
Post 5, 6 — Ordnance Stores.
Post 7, 8 — Railroad Depot.
Post 9 — Gen. Harland's Quarters.
Post io — Engine House.
Post n — Medical Purveyors.
Third District.
Post i — Guard Quarters.
Post 2 — Turpentine Works.
Post 3, 4 — Paymaster's Office.
Post 5 — U. S. Treasury Building.
It was the evident intention of the rebel com
manders to annoy our forces in all possible ways
without risking a general engagement. Sorties on
our lines were frequent. On the 4th, a dash was
made at "Red House" (mentioned earlier), and our
pickets driven in. At the same time the railroad con
necting New Berne with Morehead City, the base of
supplies for the former city was cut. The " Overland
Monitor," which many will remember, an iron clad
car mounting a field-piece was hastily dispatched
down the track to clear the woods. Its shells had
that effect. The next day Col. Upham, with a force
of 300 volunteers went down on a transport to the
scene of the raid, but too late to secure the perpe
trators. One prisoner only, and he a sick man, was
bagged. The railroad was speedily repaired and
communication restored.
By this time, summer had reached New Berne and
was effectually warming up the boys, the thermom
eter ranging from 80 to 100 degrees in the shade,
days in succession. The enemy was surprisingly

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 73
quiet, and hardly a rumor disturbed the mon
otony of the camp. During this interval, occurred
however, the "surprise party" of the 17th Mass., and
the handsome " setting up " they received at the
hands of the 15th.
About the middle of June, affairs became unset
tled again at Bachelor's Creek. Information led
Gen. Palmer to believe a rebel force was concen
trating at that point, preparatory to an attack on
New Berne. On the 20th, Col. Upham, with 360 men
of the 15th, together with a squadron of the 3d N. Y.
Cavalry, and a part of the i32d N. Y., all under
command of Col. Classen, of the latter regiment,
started for the Creek on a scout. Everything was
found quiet there, and the next morning at 5 o'clock
the column pushed on for the place known as
Jackson's Mills. The march was kept up through
the day and evening. About 10 p. m. the rebel
pickets were struck. The entire night was spent in
skirmishing and developing the enemy. At daylight
it was found our forces had rounded up seventy-six
prisoners,* and inflicted a further loss of half as
many in killed and wounded. Col. Upham lost only
two men. Having fulfilled his object, the column
returned to Bachelor's Creek on the 23d, and the
same night took the cars for New Berne.
As the summer advanced, the temperature began
to increase at an alarming rate. On the 24th, the
thermometer reached 103 in the shade, and on July
2d, 105 degrees, the highest point recorded. At this
time, the regiment was occupying the barracks of
the 99th N. Y., and broiling in an atmosphere that
never rested over New England.
For the succeeding two months there was little to
vary the monotony of provost duty. The Rev. John
Doolittle, successor to the Rev. D. Henry Miller, as
chaplain, arrived and preached to the regiment for
* Among the captured was Gen. Charles D. Foules, a graduate of Yale, i860.

74 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
the first time, Sunday, July 31st. Chaplain Doolittle
sprang at once into favor. He was a plain, unosten
tatious speaker, earnest, sympathetic and sincere.
Practical in all his relations with the boys, whether
Christians or not, they learned to give him unlimited
confidence and respect.
During the above period occurred one event, how
ever, which exhibits in all its mercilessness the dis
cipline of war. This was the execution of seven
deserters August 13th and 14th. Three of these
unfortunates were recruits of the 15th, Robert Clarke
and Joseph Collins, of Co. E, and George Berry, of Co.
B. The others were Thomas Baker, 26th N. Y. ; 
Duncan, 99th N. Y.;  Timmons and  Duffy,
5 th R. I. Battery. Baker was shot on the morning of
the 13th, near Fort Spinola, and the remaining six on
the 14th, near Fort Totten. Lieut. Merriam was placed
in charge of the execution. The firing detail was
composed of six squads, each containing ten men and
a corporal. It is the duty of the latter privately to
load the muskets of his squad, putting a blank car
tridge in one of the guns, thus no one in line abso
lutely knows whether his piece is deadly or not.
Besides this, he must blindfold and seat the victim on
his coffin. When all is ready the officer gives the
general commands. At the order to fire but eight
men of each squad discharge their pieces, the remain
ing two and the corporal holding theirs in reserve
should the first volley not prove fatal. In this in
stance they were called in two of the cases to com
plete the execution. This is always done at the closest
range and invariably unnerves a soldier more than
any other duty incident to army life. The skirmisher
or the sharp-shooter will coolly pick his victim at a
distance without the slightest compunction, but when
he is led close to a comrade already in the agonies of
death, and required to satisfy completely the dread
ful discipline of war, he visibly shrinks. After the

Chaplain John B. Doolittle.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 75
surgeons have examined the bodies and pronounced
life extinct, it is the further duty of the corporal to
take off the shoes of his victim, loosen the bandage
from his eyes and see that the body is placed in a
suitable attitude on the coffin.* The entire force
of the post is then marched past the remains, that all
may see the bitter end of disobedience. In the cases
just cited, the 15th victims were hardened wretches
unworthy the name of Union soldiers. The night
before their execution will be remembered by the
guard at the Craven street jail as an occasion of
depravity rarely witnessed. Clark, Collins and Berry
enlisted March 9th, at Middletown, Conn. They, with
thirty-nine others (all recruits), reached the 15th at
New Berne, March 24th. The next day the trio
deserted. Two days later — March 27th — they were
recaptured by Union scouts while making their way
to the Confederate lines f and tried and condemned
with the results as stated. The lesson was a salutary
one. If Beckley of Co. A, is correct in his list of
deserters, there was not another case during the ser
vice of the regiment.
September 5th, an expedition consisting of 75 men
of the 15th, with detachments of cavalry and artillery
and 10 days' rations started for  .\ A part of this
force returned on the nth.

* Not done in this instance.
t Upham.
tO. W. Smith's diary. Destination unknown.

CHAPTER VII.
NEW BERNE (CONTINUED)  YELLOW FEVER  EXPEDITION
TO EVANS MILLS  GREAT FIRE  EXPEDITION TO
KINSTON, N. C
The news of the capture of Atlanta reached New
Berne, Sept. 9th. It was signalized by the firing of
100 guns from Fort Totten and a general jubilee of all
the Union forces. During this uproar, however, there
was a little knot of the officers of the 15th who could
not conceal their anxiety in the midst of the rejoic
ing. Even while the cannon were booming with
victory an enemy more pitiless than man, entered the
regimental hospital and struck his victim. Sergt.
Rogers, of B, died that day of yellow fever. Several
deaths from typhoid and bilious fever had occurred
without special alarm, but in the case of Rogers, Sur
geon Holcomb detected symptoms which gave him
the gravest concern.* He was no alarmist, but to the
medical director of the department quietly stated his
opinion. This was scouted at once, but results proved
his correctness of judgment and as well his grand
ability later to battle with the disease. Here, then,
had come an enemy against whom breastworks were
no defense. The alarm did not become general until
near the middle of Sept., at which time the garrison,
with the exception of the 15th, was removed, and such
of the citizens departed as could get away. Private
property was abandoned on all sides, and the regiment
reduced to less than one-third of its effective service,
found its duties pressing in the extreme.
The strictest sanitary measures that could be
enforced with so small a body of men were set in
operation. On Sept. 25th, two of the old commis-
* It was the opinion of this eminent physician that a case of this nature occurred as
early as June.

Capt. Allen W. Harvey.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 77
sary buildings were burned as possible plague spots,
and other methods adopted to check the disease. The
hospitals were filled to repletion, and many private
residences were taken for that purpose. The weather
continued intensely hot. From the 9th to the 28th of
September, only four deaths had occurred, but on the
latter date, the disease appeared to take a more fatal
turn, and from that time until the 31st of October,
there was scarcely a day in which one or more mem
bers (frequently four or five) of the 15th did not give
up their lives to the terrible scourge. On the 4th of
October, the regiment had become so weakened that
it was relieved from provost duty by the ist N. C.
(colored). Between the ist and 15th of October the
plague reached it highest destructive limit.* A terrible
gloom hung over the wretched city. Funeral escorts
were constantly in the streets, and there were hardly
well men enough to attend the ill. North and South
alike looked with horror on the poison struck, swelter
ing town. The last fatal case occurred Nov. 6th, and
thereafter the hopes of the boys began to mend. Not
the least inspiring agent to rouse their spirits was the
return of the brigade band about this time, and the
old familiar music served to relieve the terrible strain
on many a soldier's mind.
The following persons died of yellow fever at
New Berne, N. C. The record is compiled from the
diaries of Charles F. Beckley and George W. Smith:

Company A.

1864.

Miller Christian,

Oct.

7

Pratt Aaron J.,

Sept. 24

Rogers Mason,

Sept

¦ 9

Redfield Willis,

Oct. 11

Smith Cornelius R. ,

Oct.

12

Uhl William,

Oct. 10

Total— 6

Total— 3

Company C.

1864.

Company B.
1864.
Bellwood Theodore,
Oct.
13
Burwell J. Henry,
Oct. 19
Bracken Timothy,
Oct.
4
Crandall Dudley W.,
Oct. 17
Dean George,
Sept.
30
Culver Henry,
Oct. 4
Johnson Edward,
Oct.
12
* There were 147 cases treated in the regimental hospital, of which it is said 33
per cent terminated fatally.
78

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

Company C.

1864.

Carpenter Franklin S.

Oct. 15

Reynolds Garrett H.,

Oct. 13

Crowley Daniel,

Sept. 30

Smith Septimius S. Capt. Oct. 6

Kenney Alvin,

Oct. 14

Sperry Henry E.,

Oct. 7

Rancorn Joseph,

Oct. 1

Striby Amos,

Oct. 27

Total— 7

Sturgess Joseph A.,

Oct. 14

Company G.

1864.

Tuttle Bliss,

Oct. 2

Dougherty Bernard,

Oct. 9

Total— 10

Donnegan Patrick,

Nov. 12

Company D.

1864.

Dutton Theodore,

Oct. 9

Andrews Sidney M.,

Sept. 26

Huntley Albert,

Oct. 12

Baker John,

Sept. 30

Mortimer Alonzo S. ,

Oct. 11

Curtiss Henry L.,

Sept. 30

Morton Henry,

Oct. 12

Devine Patrick,

Oct. 16

Total— 6

Hammond Joseph,

Oct. 6

Company H.

1864.

Lines James B.,

Oct. 3

Beecher Franklin K.,

Oct. 7

Ohnzemach John,

Oct. 1

Benjamin Charles A.,

Oct. 9

Pettee Rotheus,

Sept 28

Miller Edward A.,

Oct. 30

Story John 0.,

Oct. 15

Wilson Thomas,

Sept. 28

Tread way John H.,

Sept. 13

Total— 4

Wade Charles T.,
Oct. 6
Company I.
1864.
Total— n
Boylan Luke,
Oct. 13
Company E.
1864.
Dudley Edward W.,
Oct. 8
Baldwin Chauncey L.
, Oct. 18
Dugan John,
Oct. 4
Boyle Charles A.,
Oct. 10
Osborne John,
Oct. 19
Hull Ellsworth H,
Oct. 31
Thompson Geo. W.,
Oct. 10
Parsons Prescott W. ,
Oct. 13
Whaley Adelbert H.,
Oct. 19
White Samuel U.,
Nov. 6
Total— 6
Total— 5
Company K.
1864.
Company F.
1864.
Smith Jacob A.,
Oct. 3
Baker James R.,
Oct. 20
Total— 1
Beach Lyman A.,
Oct. 6
Staff Officers.
Cook Alvah J.,
Oct. 15
Augur Marshall O,
Oct. 11
Schedule of duration and virulence of the epi
demic as shown by fatal cases :
Sept. 9. Number of deaths, 1 Oct. 4
Oct
13-
24.26. 28.
30. 1.
2.3-
II 11
2
4 2 1
2
6 78
9
10.11 12
1.3
Number of deaths,
3
4 3 1
3335
4
DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 79

ct. 14.

Number of deaths,

2

Oct. 20.

Number of deaths,

1

" 15-

t. .. ..

3

" 27.

.<

1

" 16.

.« • t i>

1

" 30.

< t • e t .

1

" 17-

11 .1 1,

1

" 31.

It it It

1

" 18.

*i 1. 11

1

Nov. 6.

"

1

" 19.

" " "

3

Total

—60

Notwithstanding the fierceness of the epidemic
and the unusual demands made on the regiment in
consequence, early in October an expedition under
Capts. Burgess and Davis was despatched to Evans
Mills, N. C*
The opportunity is taken at this point to insert the
famous order "No. 12," which the veterans will
remember made havoc somewhat with their pay rolls.
Headquarters 15TH Conn.. Vol. Infantry,
New Berne, N. C, October 27, 1864.
General Orders, )
No. 12. j
The Lieut. Col. Comg. notices that some men of this regiment
wear other than the proper overcoat, while others have mutilated
the proper coat by cutting off the cape. This is wrong.
Commanders of companies will be rigid in their inspections,
.a'nd will make such issues as may be necessary to have every man
in proper uniform, while all mutilated clothing will be replaced
by new. By Order of
LIEUT. COL. SAMUEL TOLLES.
Philip C. Rand,
Lieut, and Act. Adjt.
On the 9th of November the epidemic had so far
abated that the regiment was ordered to return to
provost duty. It thereupon relieved the ist North
Carolina and resumed its old posts.
The next occasion of interest was the big fire
corner Pollock and Broad streets, Sunday, Nov. 20th.
The entire regiment was ordered out as a fire depart
ment. The wind blew fiercely and it appeared prob
able that part of the city would be destroyed. Sev
eral buildings were purposely blown up to stay the
flames, among them a liquor store, in the cellar of
* This location was surrounded by heavy woods. There was a fort commanding
the bridge. The latter was taken up every night to prevent any possible surprise.
The mills were destroyed on this expedition.

80 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
which were half a dozen soldiers at the time of the
explosion. One of these was killed outright, and
another died shortly after. The others were cov
ered with debris, and it was only by the utmost
exertion that they were released from the wreck
before the fire reached it. During the following
night the rubbish caught again and it seemed for a
time as if the scenes of the day would be repeated.
The contrabands gathered in large numbers but
appeared loth to lend assistance to the military which
was again called upon. Lieut.-Col. Poor, Provost
Marshal at this time, ordered the negroes to fall in
for duty. He was speedily told that it being Sunday
they did not propose to break God's law by working.
Poor's reply was the repeated command coupled with
the discharge of his revolver into their very faces.
One man was severely wounded, after which, in the
language of Griffin, of C "the colored troops fought
nobly " and the fire was subdued.
The first snow fell Nov. 2 2d, reminding the boys
very sensibly of New England. The last trace of
fever had departed, and though the vacant places in
the ranks constantly reminded the living of their
loss, yet the regiment had regained its nerve and elas
ticity. Thanksgiving was observed in camp with as
much attention to detail as was possible in the cir
cumstances, Co. K in particular, signalizing itself
by an elaborate " spread " in the chapel with the
accompaniments of "speeches and music."
December 9th orders were issued for an advance
in the direction of Kinston, to feel the enemy and, if
possible, capture the city. This expedition was com
posed of the 15th Conn., 5th R. I., 25th Mass., i32d N.
Y. and 12th N. Y. Cavalry, with a section of a how
itzer battery. All were in light marching order, with
three days' rations and sixty rounds ammunition.
The two latter commands preceded the others by
some hours. The 15th got away at midnight in^a
pouring rain, and after a four hours' march reached

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 81
a place called " Beech Grove," where a halt was made
for breakfast. At sunrise the column started and
continued on until noon, when it came up with the
advance. Between the terrific rain, the mud and the
cold weather, the force was compelled to go into
camp. This delay proved fatal to the object of
the expedition. The next morning (Sunday, Decem
ber nth), it was still raining, but the command got
under arms at 8 o'clock, the 12th N. Y. Cavalry in
advance, and at 10 a. m. struck the rebel outposts.
These were driven back under a scattering fire until
Southwest Creek was reached — about 4 p. m. — where
a halt was made. Scouts reported the reinforcement
of Kinston during the delay above mentioned, and
farther advance was deferred. The cavalry and
artillery crossed the creek that night and became
engaged with the enemy next morning while scout
ing toward the city. They were compelled to fall
back again across Southwest Creek to the main force.
The enemy did not pursue, and the forces gathered
for the return march. Twenty miles were made
that day, and at 10 p. m. the column reached Core
Creek and went into camp, a cold, hungry, tired,
dispirited body of men. A march of nine miles the
next day in which the 15th had the advance and
was several times fired upon by guerrillas, brought
the forces to Bachelor's Creek, and thence by cars to
New Berne. Thus closed, with the exception of the
"Blackberry raid," the most disagreeable and fruitless
expedition the regiment ever undertook.
Herewith is appended the official report of the
12th N. Y., who only were engaged with the enemy:
Headquarters 12th N. Y. Cavalry,
Camp Palmer, near New Berne, N. C,
December, 1864.
Capt. E. T. Parkinson, Asst. Adjt. Gen.:
Captain — I have the honor to report that in accordance with
instructions received, I started with my command, which con
sisted of ten troops and a section of a howitzer battery, in all about
6

82 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
four hundred (400) men, at daylight on the ioth instant, and pro
ceeded to " Core Creek," where I reported in person to Col. Chas.
L. Upham. and was instructed by him to take the advance of the
column with my command. On reaching ''Mosely's Ford," I
engaged a party of the enemy who were stationed behind rifle
pits on the opposite bank, and drove them from their position
with a line of dismounted skirmishers and my howitzer section.
On reaching " Southwest Creek,'' on the night of the nth inst. ,
I received instructions from the Colonel commanding to send a.
squadron of my command up the road towards Kinston to "feel "
the enemy. This squadron, under the command of Capt. Van
Valkenburgh, met a party of about fifty (50) of the enemy's cav
alry about one half mile beyond Southwest Bridge, and drove
them some two miles. On the morning of the 12th inst., I sent
out a party of foragers under the command of Lieut. Pierson, who
were attacked about one mile from Southwest Bridge by the
enemy's cavalry and artillery, and compelled to retire after hav
ing accomplished their mission .
On the morning of the 12th inst., the enemy's artillery engaged
my howitzer section at Southwest Bridge, but were silenced after
a spirited engagement of about twenty minutes.
Returning, I left Southwest Creek about 9 a. m., 12th inst.,
and reached this camp without any occurrence on the morning of
the 13th inst.
I append a list of the casualties and seizures.
Casualties.
Private Daniel Hermann, C troop, taken prisoner between
Southwest Bridge and Kinston, on the charge of the enemy on
our foraging party.
Private Alexander Davidson, howitzer section, slightly wound
ed by explosion of a shell during the artillery engagement at
Southwest Bridge on the morning of the 12th inst.
Five horses wounded (one mortally) in howitzer section during
the artillery engagement at Southwest Bridge on morning of the
12th inst.
One horse in D troop, lost in charge of Capt. Van Valkenburgh
on the enemy on the night of nth inst.
One horse in I troop, abandoned as unfit to travel.
Seizures.
One horse captured by Capt. H. Watkins, I troop, and in ser
vice in his troop, in lieu of one abandoned.
One horse captured in E troop.
One horse captured and turned over to Regt'l Q. M.
R. R WEST, Major 12th N. Y. Cavalry,
Commanding.

Capt. Henry H. Stiles.

CHAPTER VIII.
OPENING OF THE YEAR 1865  EXPEDITION TO LITTLE
WASHINGTON  EXPEDITION TO COLERAIN  ARRIVAL
OF TROOPS FROM SHERMAN'S ARMY — SECOND RAID
ON LITTLE WASHINGTON  DEPARTURE FROM NEW
BERNE — THE ADVANCE ON KINSTON.
The year 1865 opened without more than ordinary
interest to the 15th. Most of the activity in war cir
cles centered about the operations of Grant and Sher
man. North Carolina was comparatively quiet.
The majority of troops within the state at this time
were " Home Guards," those who had enlisted for its
defense and who were expected neither to leave its
soil nor assume the aggressive. (Many such were met
by the writer at New Berne and Kinston in 1892.)
This gave the Union forces at the former place a fairly
quiet winter. The 15th, to please itself and to do
honor to one who had become a most popular officer,
presented their chaplain the Rev. John B. Doolittle,
a magnificent horse and trappings as a Christmas gift.
It was a big hearted tribute bestowed upon an
equally big hearted man.
Early in January the blacks celebrated the anni
versary of the Emancipation proclamation with con
siderable vigor, as many will remember. On the 9th
a caisson exploded in the 3d N. Y. battery wounding
half a dozen men. The weather was mild and the
health of the regiment excellent.
On the 1 8th a detail of fifty men under Col.
McChestney, with seven days' rations, was dispatched
to Little Washington on a reconnoissance. It
developed the enemy in more force than was expected
and returned the next day with several men wounded
and generally the worse for the treatment received.

84 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
This expedition was not so successful as that
started the same day under Capt. Robert O. Bradley,
up the Chowan river. Bradley with 150 men of the
15th, together with one company of the Loyal North
Carolina cavalry, under Capt. Hone, two pieces artil
lery under Lieut. Lowe, and the whole under com
mand of Col. Frank, left New Berne on the 18th and
ran up the Chowan on the 21st to Colerain, (scene of
a former visit). While at the landing at the latter
place, the steamer sprang a leak and went down in
twenty feet of water with her stem on the bank;
word was despatched to New Berne for another trans
port, and the force struck out on an expedition into
the country. Three or four citizens were arrested for
giving aid and information to the enemy and their
stock and property confiscated. Among the items
captured were sixty-four bales cotton, seven bales of
yarn, 180 bales smoking tobacco, 11 1 boxes plug
tobacco weighing from 112 to 115 pounds each,
besides other stores of value. The raid struck ter
ror throughout the entire district and no resistance
was offered. Col. Frank got away with the supplies
and reached New Berne unharmed.
Abo at the first of February military movements
began in all the departments. It was the deter
mination of the Government to force matters to
a climax so soon as the season would allow. To this
end an advance of the forces in North Carolina was
ordered. Sherman was coming up from the South.
Early in the month great quantities of lumber and
other material were shipped to Bachelor's Creek, to
rebuild the railroad bridges on the route toward
Kinston. On the 9th a strong detachment was
brought up from Morehead City. On the 12th a train
load of troops came from Sherman's army, and on
the 15th 540 drafted men from Illinois reached our
camp. The latter had been in the service five months,
but during that time according to one account *had
*G. W. Smith's Diary.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 85
drilled but four hours. They were designed as
recruits for Sherman's army, but so poorly fitted for
the rapid movements and service of that army as to
be worthless to him. Accordingly they were assigned
temporarily to Col. Upham for drill and instructions.
On the 17th another raid was devised on Little
Washington. One hundred men of the 15th and 200
of the 12th N. Y., with four howitzers under com
mand of Capt. Graham, of the latter regiment, started
at 5 o'clock p. m. The 15th with two of the
pieces of artillery went by boat ; the others by
land. Little Washington was reached next day
at noon, where the forces joined and lay outside
the breastworks until night when the infantry
returned to the steamer. The next morning (19th)
they were disembarked and again deployed outside
the fortifications. Capt. Graham with his cavalry, in
the meanwhile raided the surrounding country
destroying much property and wound up the day by
capturing a squad of four officers, and twenty-one
men. The force then re-embarked on the "Escort"
and returned to New Berne without the loss of a
man. On the 25th of February two officers and 59 men
of the 6th N. C. cavalry voluntarily came into camp
and laid down their arms, followed the next day by
sixty more from the same regiment. This action
gave our boys renewed courage. The air began to
fill with rumors of the approaching dissolution of
the Confederacy. On the 28th the regiment was
mustered for six months' pay, and on March ist, the
following orders were promulgated:
Headquarters District of Beaufort,
New Berne, N. C, March ist, 1865.
General Orders, )
No. 2. \
The troops within this district, exclusive of post garrisons and
the ist Division of the 23d Corps, will be temporarily organized
into two divisions, as follows :

86 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
ist Division, Brig. Gen. I. N. Palmer, Commanding.
i32d N. Y. Vol. Infantry.
85th "
gth N. J. "
23d Mass. " "
2d Mass. Heavy Artillery.
Batteries C and D, 3d N. Y. Light Artillery.
Also, ist and 3d Brigades of the Provisional Division lately com
manded by Brig. Gen. Meagher.
2d Division, Brig. Gen. S. P. Carter, Commanding.
15th Conn. Vol. Infantry.
25th Mass. "
17th " "
27th "
Batteries A, I, and G, 3d N. Y. Light Artillery.
Also, 2d Provisional Brigade and the 18th Wisconsin Vol. Infantry.
By Command of
MAJOR GEN. COX, &c.
Gen. Carter being ordered to organize his division
into three brigades, issued the following :
Headquarters Second Division,
District of Beaufort,
New Berne, N. C, March 1, 1865.
General Orders, \
No. 2. \
The troops comprising this division will be temporariry organ
ized into three brigades as follows:
ist Brigade, Col. A. G. Malloy, Commanding.
2d Brigade Meagher's Division.
1 8th Wisconsin.
2d Brigade, Col. Charles L. Upham, Commanding.
15th Conn.
27th Mass.
3d Brigade, Lieut. Col. Henry Splain, Commanding.
17th Mass.
25th Mass.
Battery A, 3d N. Y. Artillery (dismounted).
Batteries I and G, 3d N. Y. Artillery, will report direct to these
headquarters. By Command of
BRIG. GEN. S. P. CARTER, &c.
The foregoing bulletins show the formation of the
force, and indicate the position of the 15th Conn. The

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 87
full strength of the expedition is not known to the
writer. Col. Upham's brigade as stated, was composed
of the 15th, with 680* officers and men and the 27th
Mass., with 217* officers and men.
The movement began on the second of the month.
Co. K remained as provost guard and the remainder
of the regiment left New Berne by cars at noon for
Bachelor's Creek. The latter point was the limit of
railroad transportation, and from there the march
really commenced. It was a cold, rainy day, and
the troops were in heavy marching order. Dover's
Forks was reached at nightfall, where a halt was made,
but the storm increasing in force rendered the night
most miserable. Happily the next day's march was
brief, through mud and rain, and at 4 p. m. the regi
ment rested at Core Creek where it went into tem
porary camp. This was on Friday, March 3d. The col
umn rested for the artillery to come up, which arrived
Saturday and Sunday. It was a bad delay. If Gen.
Cox anticipated he could wait two days in the enemy's
country without his presence being known, he must
have been a much deluded officer.
During this halt the forces were rearranged, and
the plan of attack agreed upon. Col. Upham's bri
gade was placed on the extreme left. The 15th Conn.
as stated, had been temporarily assigned a large num
ber of recruits intended for Gen. Sherman's Army.
These increased the regiment to 20 officers and 700
men. To facilitate its future movements Col. Upham
divided it in two battalions, placing the right wing
companies under command of Lieut. Col. Tolles, and
the left wing under Major Osborne. On Monday
morning, March 6th, everybody had come up, four days '
rations had been cooked, the rain had ceased, and
— the enemy been notified. Col. Upham was ordered
to lead the advance on the Dover road at 7 o'clock.
He got off promptly and his brigade tramped steadily
* Field Report, March sth.

88 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
until noon, when a halt of an hour was made for din
ner. The route, for the most part lay through woods
and swamps, and in the afternoon the road was found
blockaded with fallen timber to delay the march.
This was cleared to allow passage for the artillery.
Skirmishers were kept well in advance, but no enemy
discovered until toward evening when Capt. Graham
snapped up a couple of rebel picket posts. The force
kept on to the junction of the railroad with the Dover
road, where night overtook them, and a halt was
made. A strong guard was thrown out and the bri
gade lay on its arms. This place was known as " Gum
Swamp." On the morning of the 7th, the following order was
issued: Headquarters 2d Division,
District of Beaufort.
Col. Charles L. Upham,
Commanding 1st Brigade, 2d Division:
Colonel — As it is important to husband the artillery ammuni
tion as far as is practicable, I hope you will not permit the sections
of artillery to expend their ammunition uselessly. When there is
an opportunity of having your shots do execution, then give it to
the rebels. Be vigilant. I am, Colonel, yours respectfully,
S. P. CARTER, B. G. Commanding.
In addition to the foregoing, the following mem
orandum was sent to Col. Upham, written hurriedly
upon a small scrap of paper :
Col. Upham to make his headquarters at or near Jackson's
Mill. His pickets on the right as close as possible to Southwest
Creek, to connect with Gen. Palmer's left. Major Ciarkson with
his two companies of cavalry to move on the British road, his
pickets to extend well towards the upper Trent road. Be very
vigilant and gain all the information possible with regard to
banks, width and depth of creek, as well as of enemy's strength,
&c. My headquarters will be at Wise's Forks.
S. P. CARTER.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 89
Col. Upham's pickets were called in at noon, and
at 2 o'clock his brigade was ordered forward. The
i32d N. Y., of Gen. Palmer's division, had reached
the ground the day previous, and established its
lines within a short distance of the enemy. The
15th Conn, received orders to relieve this regiment
that it might return to its place in the First division.
From this point, omitting his opening remarks
already covered in this narrative, we quote Col.
Upham's report. Headquarters 15TH Conn. Vol. Infantry,
Kinston, N. C, April 15, 1865.
* Brig. Gen. H. J. Morse,
Adjutant General State of Conn. :
General — On the 6th of March the army marched on Kinston,
the 2d Division with the 2d Brigade in advance, taking the Dover
road. This road, most of the way, lay through swamps and was
heavily blockaded by felled trees, which had to be cut through
to allow the passage of the artillery and trains. No enemy was
found until near Southwest Creek, when it was evident that they
intended to dispute the passage of that stream, and held the cross
ings with artillery and infantry well entrenched. About 2 p. m.
of the 7th, I was ordered to the left to relieve a portion of the 2d
Brigade, ist Division, then at Jackson's Mills. Arriving there,
Companies A and I, of the ist Battalion (Lieut. Col. Tolles), were
deployed as skirmishers, the remainder of the battalion furnish
ing the supports and the picket line connecting with the troops on
our right, three-fourths of a mile distant. The other brigades of
our division went into camp at Wise's Forks, a mile and a half in
our rear. Our left was covered by cavalry, who were directed to
picket as far as the upper Trent road, which would preclude the
possibility of the enemy passing our left unknown to us. During
the night the skirmish line, under Lieut. Col. Tolles, was pushed
forward to within one hundred yards of the enemy's works and
entrenched. About 10 a. m. of the 8th, the enemy opened on us with artil-
ery, which was returned by our guns, and the skirmishers became
briskly engaged. Receiving information that a body of the enemy
was moving upon a road on our left, I ordered the 27th Mass. into
the woods to our left, forming across the British road with skir
mishers thrown out on both flanks. About noon the enemy made
* Adjutant General's Report. 1866.

9°

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

a sudden and impetuous attack upon the 27th Mass. Directing
that the 2d Battalion of the 15th change front to meet it, and the
artillery to report to me at the crossing of the British road, I pro
ceeded in that direction and found the enemy to have possession
of that part of the field, and, advancing rapidly, gained the roads,
thereby preventing communication with Lieut. Col. Tolles and
Major Osborne. At the same time the enemy advanced on our
right, and, cutting our picket line in two, almost completely sur
rounded the troops, who were soon compelled to surrender.
The only officer escaping was Lieut. Bowman, who with a few
men ran the gauntlet of a hot fire to make their escape. From an
A. D. C. of Gen. Bragg, who was present on the 8th and after
ward taken prisoner, I learn that the rear attack was made by
Hokes' Division, 6,000 strong
No information was received by me of the approach of the
enemy, despatches from the General commanding having fallen
into the hands of the enemy.
I have to regret the loss of Capt. Bassett. He was mortally
wounded on the skirmish line just before the rear attack. He
was a brave and faithful officer.
Not having been able to receive reports from commanding
officers, I am unable to give a more complete report, but will for
ward such casualties as are known. The regiment is at present
on duty at this post. CHARLES L. UPHAM,
Colonel Commanding Regiment.
To return to the details of the engagement.
As indicated in the preceding report, Companies A,
Capt. Bassett, and I, Capt. Buttricks, were ordered to
deploy as skirmishers and the brigade moved forward
to position. The rebel battery opened fire and there
was a brisk cannonade for a time but with little effect.
During the relieving of the N. Y. regiment the Con
federate skirmishers seeing the bold stand taken by
our forces, retired across the creek and opened a scat
tering fire on our lines, wounding a few men. Col.
Upham posted the two wings of the 15th on each
side of the main road leading from Wise's Forks to
the Creek with Co. I, 3d N. Y. Artillery (2 guns) a
little in the rear. The 27th Mass., Col. Bartholomew
(175 men) formed on the extreme left at a right angle
to the left wing of the 15th. [See diagram].

Col. Charles L. Upham.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 91
By this disposition, Gen. Carter's line of battle (or
Col. Upham's rather) did not exceed 500 yards.
Directly in his front lay Jackson's Mills, on Southwest
Creek and the bridge near by which had now come to
be the disputed point. To defend this crossing the
rebels had thrown up a small earth work in its rear
and run in a couple of guns of a light battery.
Thus stood the situation on the evening of the
7 th. During the night companies A and I were pushed
forward a few yards, and knowing that discovery in
the morning would draw the rebel fire, protected
themselves with such defense as they were able to
construct out of their knapsacks, and a little earth
thrown up with their cups and plates. (There was
but one shovel in each company). It was not much
of a breastwork but served partially to conceal them
from the sharpshooters. The night passed quietly,
though there was little sleep within our lines. It does
not appear that Gen. Cox, in command of the force,
supplied either of his division commanders with
information of what they would probably meet, and
in turn neither Palmer nor Carter communicated any
thing definite to their brigade officers.
Indeed the whole movement seems wretchedly
conducted, and without a competent head. No pains
was taken by Gen. Carter to move up his reserves,
nearer than Wise's Forks. The 17th and 25th Mass.
were at his disposal, though it is supposed the former
was picketing the left flank. If so, it gave no
warning of the approach of Hoke's forces next day,
but allowed him to burst through like a torrent on
Upham's flank. Besides this, it cannot be shown that
a crossing of Southwest Creek at any other place
than Jackson's Mills was contemplated, on account of
the stream being much swollen from the recent rains,
and on that point the forces should have been con
centrated; yet Palmer's division quietly went into
camp a mile away from Carter's right, without

9 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
even the formality of establishing communication
with the latter. Such a disposition of forces, unless
of great magnitude, seems hardly justifiable while
pushing into an enemy's country. On the other hand
it may be urged that Gen. Cox had instructions no
farther than to develop the enemy, and await orders
from Department Commander Schofield. One thing
is certain, however, that whatever policy he may
have had in view, he left entirely out of sight the
possible emergency of the rebel commander assuming
the offensive.

Zna*;

"S- ty F GKcmcm,ljr

CHAPTER IX.
KINSTON.
The attack was opened by the Confederate artillery
back of the bridge at the mill, shortly after 9 o'clock
on the morning of the 8th. The position was as indi
cated in the preceding diagram. The 15th was early
under arms (indeed for that matter it had been in line
all night) but there was very little exposure of forces,
neither side at first appearing particularly anxious to
force matters. The 3d N. Y. battery replied to the
fire and the compliments of the morning were thus
exchanged at easy range. The infantry was quiet, as
there was no maneuvering for position, and except
for an occasional shot there was little to indicate the
presence of two opposing forces until about the
middle of the forenoon, when the sound of musketry
on the extreme left stirred up in the boys the
expectation that it was the beginning of the struggle,
and that the fire would work up the line until all
were involved. In this they were not disappointed;
the engagement soon became general and was con
tinued for a couple of hours, but with fewer casual
ties than one would expect, judged by the force * in
front and the volume of its fire. The attention of
companies A and I was thus not allowed to be
diverted a moment from the business they had on
hand. Thus the morning wore away. A little after 11
o'clock word reached Col. Upham of the advance of
the enemy up the British road, on his flank. He
instantly despatched orders to avert this attack, but
the oncoming was so rapid that before our forces
were aware, Gen. Hoke with his command had swept
* Estimated at 2,500 by Col. Tolles in The Democratic Lever, Sept. 2, 1871.

94 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
away the cavalry pickets and was advancing in three
lines of battle with 8,000 men. It seems that during
the morning and while the skirmishers had been so
cunningly kept busy at " the front " the rebel com
mander had made a detour of 8 or 10 miles on our
flank and rear, absolutely unseen by the Union scouts
until the storm broke.
The 27th Mass., placed at right angles to the left
of the 15th Conn., first came under fire. The rebel
right over-lapped it by many yards, enfilading and
doubling it back upon itself. It broke by the right
flank and came through the lines of the 15th on the
run, holding its place long enough however for Maj.
Osborne to change front with his battalion. This
was accomplished in the face of a severe fire, a move
ment rarely attempted except by the most seasoned
troops/ The fire of the 15th, though it gave a tem
porary check to the assault could not long delay it,
and the rebel lines of battle not a hundred yards
apart bore steadily down on our flank.
Meanwhile matters were excessively lively at the
front. The rebel infantry there, at the first sound of
the rebel guns in our rear, crossed the creek on logs
and improvised bridges and attacked us. Our skir
mishers under Capts. Bassett and Buttricks held them
in check. Yet the close range of the field allowed
their sharp-shooters to search every portion of it.
Major Osborne finding his first line getting too hot,
gave orders to fall back: This movement was success
fully made although it involved a second change of
front, and a position was taken behind a rail fence
some twenty rods in the rear. Here he made a second
stand and resisted the onslaught with such bravery
and steadiness as to excite the wonder of the rebel
leaders. Said the Colonel of the 57th N. C. to Lieut.
Goodrich of Co. G, 15th Conn., then an aid on Gen.
Palmer's staff: " During all my experience of army
life I have never seen such an exhibition of hard fight-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 95
ing as that given by the 15th Conn, regiment at Kins
ton, N. C. I saw them change front three separate
times and " dress up " as if on parade. We had to
entirely surround them before they would surrender.
We also felt that such officers and men were entitled
to better treatment as prisoners of war, and I believe
special favors in some instances were shown them."
But even pluck could not win in this unequal con
test. From the front, the rear, the flank, a storm of
lead increasing every moment, was thinning their
ranks; moreover they were swiftly being enveloped
by the swarming host when Major Osborne reluctantly
gave the order to retreat, and the battalion took to
the right as the only course left open for escape. On
came Hoke's lines now freed from all hindrance
with such yells as only a victorious force can produce.
Our skirmish line being fully occupied with business
in their front did not know of the break behind them
until the rebel bullets caught them from the rear.
Even then there were no signs of wavering. Lieut.
Linsley, in command of Co. C. (support to Capt. But
tricks), who was lying with his men in a ditch, was the
first to observe the rout of the left wing. In the nat
ural course of things he would have received an imme
diate order to withdraw, but none came. He " held
the fort " until the enemy was within ten rods, when
he coolly moved to the right and reported to Col.
Tolles. This it seems was the first intimation the
latter officer had of the nearness of the enemy. He
at once gave orders to call in the skirmishers, and it
was while upon this errand to Capt. Buttricks that
Lieut. Bishop, of Co. D, was wounded. By this time
the 15th had lost its formation and there was a gen
eral go-as-you-please gait struck for the woods on
the right where it was supposed Gen. Palmer's divis
ion was lying. Buttrick's skirmishers were the last
to leave their places, but once under way they ran on
.strictly business principles. Their gallant captain

96 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
whose legs would fain have carried him along too,
conceived it more appropriate and in accordance with
military usages to report to his superior officer than
to run; accordingly he sought out Col. Tolles. Him
he found sitting alone on a five-rail fence near his
headquarters, apparently the most unconcerned man
of the lot. The fire of the enemy was still kept up
and lead was freely whistling around him. " Welh
Captain," said the Colonel, very calmly, "what the
devil does this mean ? "
" It means " was the reply, " for us to leave this
place. It looks as if we wasn't wanted here." And
with that the two veterans bade good-bye to head
quarters and followed in the wake of the retreating
15th. There is very little more to relate in connection
with this engagement. A flight of less than a thousand
yards and the entire force ran plump into the net
waiting to receive them. A strong detachment of the
rebel force had crossed the creek lower down and
worked in unseen between the divisions of Carter
and Palmer, cutting off every avenue of escape for
the former. Surrender followed as a matter of
course. The State color was with Co. C, in the left
wing. Corporals Griffin and Finnigan had it in
charge, and were compelled at their capture to give
it up. The national color was with the right wing, in
charge of Corporals Hubbard and Marvin. By the
aid of "legs and luck" they succeeded in gaining the
rear with it, and it rests to-day in the Capitol at
Hartford with the other sacred relics of the State.
The usual experiences followed the capture of the
regiment. The "Johnnies," to use the current war
phrase, "went through" our boys, relieving them
generally of all things of a portable nature. A few
trades were made, but as the Yank wasn't in very
suitable circumstances to dictate how he would
" swap," it generally ended by his giving up every-

Lieut. Charles S. Gray.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 97
thing to his Southern brother. Brutality was in some
cases shown. The testimony of the captured men
does not confirm the assertion of the North Carolina
officer referred to, that special leniency was shown
their prisoners for so plucky a defense. For instance,
Capt. White was knocked down with the breech of a
musket and his overcoat taken by a Confederate
colonel; his gold watch also was snatched by a pri
vate. Lieut. Bishop's gold watch was taken from
him, but was afterward redeemed with Capt. White's
field glass. Lieut. Burgess' watch was taken, etc., etc.
There was scarcely a man who was not compelled to
pay tribute of some kind to his captor.
The result of the day's work bore little similarity
to the anticipations of the morning. The companies
were rent and torn. Of the officers, the gallant
Osborne and the equally intrepid Bishop were
severely wounded, the latter mortally. Capt. Bassett-
was killed. Capt. White and Lieut. Burritt had each
been hit. Of the rank and file, twenty-four were
killed and forty-nine wounded.
The following table of the casualties of the regi
ment has been prepared from the Conn. Record :
COMPANY A.
killed. wounded.
Capt. Julius Bassett, Robert O. Williams,
George N. Bailey, Elbridge Wright,
Eugene Bouvard. L. M. Camp,
Felix McCabe.
COMPANY B.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
John M. Corlea, John Moore,
Philip Doonks, Merwin E. Palmer,
Antonio Domingo. Edward Smith,
Charles D. Barnes,
Hiram N. Childs,
Robert Agnew,
S. C. Canfield,
Ammi B. Palmer.

98 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
COMPANY C.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
None. John E. Towner,
Patrick Harrigan,
Frank Emanuel (died),
James Albert,
Barney Carroll,
William B. Clark (died),
Timothy Costello,
Francis D. Mosher.
COMPANY D.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
Mathew Brown, Lieut. E. W. Bishop,
John Groth, William S. Childs,
Thomas Nichols. Franz Bauer,
John Callahan,
William Clark,
Charles Hack,
Joseph Hance,
Frederic Liebeck,
Emil Montard.
COMPANY E.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
John Mallen. Capt. G. M. White,
George W. Manville,
Lewis B. Bristol,
John Cull,
William Griffin,
Arthur L. Johnson,
N. P. Shippey,
Rufus J. Spencer,
William Walker.
COMPANY F.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
None. William Clark.
COMPANY G.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
Lewis Blatchly, Sergt.J.Kegelmeyer(mort'ly.)
Patrick Burke, Walter P. Bryan,
Frank Cardnell, Thomas Bullivant,
Harmon S. Johnson, Michael Burns,
Marie Jean, Pierre Marie,
Augustus Reichwin. Patrick Murphy,
Arland Peterson,
George Smith.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 99
COMPANY H.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
Charles A. Beardsley, Lieut. Burritt,
Elias C. Andrews, Henry T. Hoadley,
Charles Patterson. Nelson S. Smith,
Patrick Clark,
John Maher,
Elijah S. Williams.
COMPANY I.
KILLED. WOUNDED.
Calvin Albee, Corp. Frank Philips, (mort'ly.)
Darius E. Barnes, John Kearney, (mortally.)
Henry W. Kelsey, Jonathan Morse, Jr.
James Walker, Harvey E. Burns,
Darius Dowling, Thomas Fisher,
Burton Bradley, John D. Jenkins,
William Davis. James Tate,
John McDonald.
The official report of the 2d Brigade, 2d Division,
made March ioth, is endorsed as follows : 15th Conn.
Vols. — Killed, wounded and missing, 15 officers, 657
men; 27th Mass. Vols. — Killed, wounded and miss
ing, 6 officers, 200 men.
Col. Upham, Adjutant Rand, Lieut. Bowman, with
a few others, succeeded in getting clear of the enemy.
They escaped upon the extreme right. A singular
instance of providential interposition happened to
Chaplain John B. Doolittle during the engagement.
While sitting near the colors of the right wing he
was urged by Corporal Hubbard to retire out of
range of the enemy's fire just then becoming alarm
ingly accurate. The chaplain demurred, claiming it
was his place to be along-side " the boys " but after
further persuasion reluctantly fell back. A private
of the 27th Mass. dropped into the vacant seat and
was instantly killed.
Another incident of this field was the recovery
years afterward of a Bible lost on it at that time. It
is worthy of a place here. It seems that Capt. Mun-

ioo FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
son of Co. K, being in Philadelphia in 1882, chanced
to pick up the Times, a paper published in that
city and saw this communication:
To the Editor of the Times:
I have in my possession a small pocket Bible, which I found in
a knapsack on the battlefield near Kinston, N. C. , in March, 1865,
which has the name of Henry S. Allen, Co. I, 15th Conn. Vols.
If Mr. Allen or any of his friends or relatives should see this, I
will take great pleasure in sending it to them, if they will give me
their address. JULIUS CATCHIN.
Enfield, N. C.
Capt. Munson, who knew Allen well, forwarded him
the notice. The latter's knapsack with all its con
tents, like so many knapsacks of his comrades, had
been built into the slight breastwork in front of him
with the intention of resuming it when he moved,
but unfortunately he was so much hurried when
that time came that baggage was of no account.
Allen communicated with Mr. Catchin and in due
course of time received his Bible safe and sound.
Extract from Mr. Catchin's Letter.
I found the Bible in the possession of a negro boy who was the
servant of one of our surgeons, and I took it from him. After
seeing what was written on the fly leaves, I made up my mind to
take care of it, and, if possible, restore it to its owner. I can say
with pleasure that during the whole of my life as a soldier, which
was 3^ years, I never did take from a prisoner, wounded or dead,
a single article. I felt that it was wrong, &c. , &c.
Of all the officers' swords, surrendered at that time
none was ever recovered except that of Capt. Davis.
Concerning the escape of some of the 15th Conn.,
William H. Nichols, of Co. I, makes this statement:
" I was one of the lucky ones that escaped; I often
think of it. You must know that I was looking
around all the night before to see what I could find
in the eating line and I had picked up a water pail of
eggs and other notions. When the rebs flanked us

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 101
I knew the back roads so well that I went down one
of them and struck on to the old Hull road ahead of
all the crowd. Then I started back to see if I could
get my knapsack, for I did not want the Johnnies to
get that, but I had not gone far before I met the
crowd running from the battle field and they all
came in a hurry. One of the first was Loper, the
drummer, and in a short time came Col. Upham and
one of his staff, I think that he belonged to the 17th
Mass.; they were both on horseback, and shortly after
came Color Sergeant Hubbard with the old flag flutter
ing in the wind; to see him you would think that he
was on parade, and the ' Johnnies ' were sending the
' minnies ' after him as fast as they could, but he
escaped all right with it."
Corp. Hubbard also graphically describes his
retreat from the field with the national color and
ascribes it to good luck only that the guard was
enabled to do it. Even when withdrawn to compara
tive safety, he kept it flying in the face of the enemy
who used it for a long range target greatly to the
dismay of some of the forces in reserve.
Says Sergt. John E. Towner, of Co. C. *"The
wounded as fast as gathered at the mill were sent
back a short distance to a field hospital in the rear of
the rebel breastworks. Here those wounds requiring
immediate attention were dressed by the Confed
erate surgeons. It was at this place that Palmer, of
Co. B, had his arm amputated. Toward night we
were taken across the creek and up to Kinston. We
were quartered in an old building standing on the
corner of the first square after crossing the river.
Here all minor wounds were attended to and the sur
geons were busy until well along in the night. As
fast as cared for we were passed into an upper room
to sleep on the bare floor and fortunate were they
who had saved their blankets."
* Diary.

I o 2 FIFTEENTH CONN EC TIC UT VOL UNTEERS.
Says Corp. S. H. French, of Co. E, * " It took us
about two hours to go to Kinston, distance four miles-
As we marched along the boys kept joining us,
together with the officers. We arrived there at 4
p. m., stayed until 6 p. m., when we were put on the
cars and started for Goldsboro, where we arrived at 9
p. m." f Capt. White, speaking of the matter, says: " We
were captured about 1 o'clock p. m. and taken to
Jackson's Mills, a strong position within the rebel
lines. While on the way there we found some men
trying to carry Lieut. E. W. Bishop in a blanket.
The guard gave us permission to assist them. Soon
after reaching the mill Maj. Osborne was brought in.
Capt. Davis and myself remained with Osborne and
Bishop until an ambulance came for them at half-past
four. We asked permission of Dr. Mathews, the Con
federate surgeon, to remain with them, which was
granted. We made them comfortable as we could on
reaching Kinston, and stayed by them without a
guard until they were put on the train for Goldsboro
next day.''
This history would not be complete without allu
sion to the opinions of some of its officers concern
ing the Kinston fight. Quoting Col. Tolles, % " While
the regiment made a good fight, considering the odds
against them, they were unfortunate in not receiving
the credit to which they were justly entitled. That
there was mismanagement no one can deny. The
fault, however, must not rest with the 15th. but with
the officers in command of the army. There was
unquestionably a lack of vigilance in that direction.
The 15th was placed in the advance, knowing that
they confronted a force of more than double their
number, and for fifteen hours had been contending
with that force. During this time some 6,000 or 7,000
men were lying quietly something over a mile in our
* Diary. -r Personal recollections. $ See Democratic Lever, 1871.

^

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 103
rear, waiting for reinforcements to arrive, pre
paratory to an attack on Kinston, not dreaming
that there would be any fighting of a serious nature,
till that time, or that they would be called upon
to repel an attack. Feeling thus secure the
safeguards which any careful general should have
thrown around his army were neglected. This
neglect was the misfortune of the 15th, and while we
held the rebel forces long enough for Gen. Carter to
recover from his stupid blunder by concentrating his
command, we never received from that officer the
credit which he by courtesy and right should have
awarded us. Had Gen. Hoke moved on the main
army he would have found them entirely unprepared
to repel an attack."
Says Capt. White again: " Our little isolated brigade
which Hoke supposed was the main column, held at
bay the entire rebel force composed of Hoke's, Cheat
ham's, and part of S. D. Lee's divisions until Gens.
Ruger and Palmer were apprised of the danger and in
position to meet it. There was not, and we all knew
there was not for us a fighting chance. The only
thing which from the first it had been possible for us
to do was to gain time for the main column to get in
readiness for the assault. For a time afterwards, the
15th Conn, ceased to exist as a fighting force in the
field. It had been placed in the most trying position
which ever falls to the lot of soldiers, and it had hero
ically held an overwhelming force of the enemy in
check until his attack ceased to be a surprise."
Such was the fortune of the Lyon Regiment. The
8th of March is the most memorable date in all its
history.* When the day closed it was on a torn and
disordered host; a part was in Kinston, a part (the
larger) in Goldsboro, and a part (Co. K) on the way
from New Berne and rapidly nearing Wise's Forks,

* The regiment received the thanks of Gen. Carter for its gallantry in Field Order
No. 6.

104 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
and it is to the latter force attention will be directed
before following the fortunes of its imprisoned com
rades. Company K, Capt. Munson, remained as pro
vost guard at New Berne until relieved by the 16th
Conn. This was on March 7th. On the 8th, it took
the cars at 6 p. m. for Kinston, going about twenty
miles, or so far as the railroad was available, and
went into camp in the woods. The next morning a
march of ten miles brought it to the main army at
Wise's Forks. On this company the remnants of the
regiment rallied, and with its colonel and its colors
was still a fighting organization.
The 9th was spent by Carter's forces in throwing
up breastworks along the Trent road and other
wise protecting themselves. Toward 6 o'clock the
enemy furiously attacked his picket line but was
driven back after several ineffectual assaults. The
15th was not engaged. The entire night was employed
by both forces in preparation for the coming struggle.
It was impossible for the Union forces to withdraw,
and it was equally improbable that the enemy would
fail to renew the assault.
On the ioth the 15th Conn, mustered for duty as
follows:* Col. Chas. L. Upham; Lieut. P. C. Rand;
Capt. M. D. Munson, of Co. K. Besides the above
officers there were four others not named, and 219
enlisted men.
There were also 31 men on special duty and 6 in
the hospital, making a total of 263.
The ioth opened cloudy and damp. Rain had
fallen at intervals during the night and the intense
darkness had been of advantage to both sides. Between
9 and 10 o'clock a. m. the rebel skirmishers made their
appearance. An attack on the Union breastworks was
evident from their maneuvering, and Gen. Carter dis
posed his force to meet it. The 15th had a place in
the left centre. It was not until noon that the enemy
* Morning Report.

Capt. Medad D. Munson.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. IOS
acquired sufficient courage to make a direct assault.
It began on our left. This was valiantly repulsed
with much loss to them. The second charge was
made on the right, but with no better results. After
a little delay, a third attack more vicious than the
others followed on the centre, but here again the
defense was more than equal, and the columns of the
enemy were routed a third time. There was no ques
tion of their bravery in this attack. In spite of the
decimating fire they swarmed to the very foot of our
breastworks, unable to advance farther and refusing
to retreat. The Union forces were alike immovable.
It was as stubborn a bit of fighting, for an hour or more,
as the most ambitious soldier could wish . Our artillery
played no unimportant part in this engagement, send
ing in canister at such short range that it was neces
sary to throw down a portion of the breastworks that
the guns might do full execution. As intimated, the
attack failed. It was renewed again on the left, and
also once more on the right, but both were equally
futile. During these assaults a number of the enemy
voluntarily came within our lines and surrendered.
Night put an end to the conflict and Gen. Hoke with
drew to a safe distance. The 15th sustained no loss,
and if Co. K did fail to receive its share of the enemy's
fire on the 8th, it was amply made up to it on the ioth.
Lieut. Goodrich, of  , an aid on Gen. Palmer's
staff, thus relates what he saw of the fight on the ioth.
* "Where a cross road ran up to our line, I found a
battery in position, but not engaged. Looking over
the breastworks at this point, I saw directly in front
and not a hundred yards distant, a rebel brigade
forming in the woods for a charge. Turning to the
battery, I said, ' Officer why do you allow that form
ation,' pointing to the almost moving enemy. ' Wait
ing for orders, sir,' was the cool reply. ' Open
instantly with canister, by order of Gen. Palmer,' I
* Personal recollections.

106 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
shouted at a venture, and in a moment more the
battery was carrying death to the storming column,
shattering and driving it to cover. Passing further
down the line, I came unexpectedly on Lieut. Bow
man, with a remnant of the 15th and the national
color. It was there I first learned of the disaster to
our boys."
The next morning no opposing force was to
be seen. It had fallen back on Kinston, and from the
ominous columns of smoke from burning supplies
and bridges, it was evident an evacuation of that
place was going on. This was done so hurriedly,
that many rebel wounded were left behind. The
regiment remained at Wise's Forks until the 14th,
when it was directed to occupy Kinston. It moved
to the Neuse river in the afternoon, and attempted
to cross on rafts. This mode of navigation was not
found feasible, and a pontoon train was sent for from
New Berne. It arrived next day, and all hands were
safely crossed about 4 o'clock and went into camp on
the outskirts of the city. Dr. Holcombe had pre
viously established a hospital in the Lenoir House,
and thither the sick were carried. Fatigue parties
were detailed, and before midnight a very respectable
breastwork enclosed the regiment.
The following paper was prepared by Capt. George
M. White in 1887, and read at the reunion that year.
It is given entire :
Early in January, 1865, it became apparent to the
Union troops stationed in North Carolina that the
immediate future had something more in store for
them to do than holding a disused port of entry dis
abled from blockade running, acting as provost guard,
or going on those nasty little risky, but non-glorious
cotton stealing raids into the enemy's country. We
became gradually convinced that when we went into
the interior next, we went to carry the flag, and carry
it there to stay.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

107

Many happenings had, in the last few months, all
been tending to bring us to this conclusion. Grant
had been holding Lee in and around Richmond,
utterly powerless, except for the merest self-defense,
until we knew that never again would a force be
detached from that then under his command, to cap
ture or even scare a Southern town in Union hands.
Terry had followed close on the heels of Butler on the
coast below us, and at the very moment while Butler
was explaining to Congress the impossibility of doing
anything south of Hatteras Inlet, had actually cap
tured Fort Fisher and effectively sealed the port of
Wilmington to the south of us; and Sherman —
grand old William Tecumseh! — had almost "worked
himself out of a job" by disemboweling the Confed
eracy, leaving it absolutely nothing to cling to either
on land or sea, except its two armies in the field,
under Lee and Johnston, and leaving to those two
armies so small a field, that their only possible hope
was to consolidate into one somewhere and begin a
new campaign.
Where would they consolidate ? Would Lee remain
in Richmond, and Johnston strive to unite with him ?
or would Johnston open one of the closed ports, pos
sibly New Berne, and hold a position where Lee could
join him ?
In either case [and this was a case which officers
in the volunteers discussed only in an undertone,
while the rank and file discussed it everywhere], we
were sure to have lively times in North Carolina.
And we had them. We were not mistaken in
divining that a part of these "lively times" would
fall to our portion whose lot it was to operate from
the base of New Berne. Indications were soon seen
that Western troops, foot-loose in their old fields,
were likely to touch elbow with us in future marches.
About the middle of January the entire 23d Army
Corps, under Schofield, landed near Fort Fisher, and

108 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
after lively work there on the line which Terry had
marked out, resulting in the capture of Wilmington
on February 2 2d, five thousand of this force, under
Gen. J. D. Cox, started via Morehead City for New
Berne. On its arrival, Cox superseded Palmer in com
mand, and so much of reorganization as was necessary
to an immediate forward movement of the entire
force, old and newly arrived, was at once provided
for. The 15th Conn, and 27th Mass. were constituted
the Second Brigade, Second Division, District of
Beaufort, and placed under command of Col. Upham,
of the 15th.
Immense quantities of stores had meantime been
accumulated at New Berne, and on Thursday, March
2d, the 15th received marching orders. Cars were
taken at 2 p. m. for Bachelor's Creek, which was then
the terminus of the railroad leading to Kinston, and
from there we marched, after debarking, to Dovers
Cross Roads, a distance of five miles, and encamped
for the night. The weather was as unkind to us as
possible, and our bivouac for the night was made in a
cold, disagreeable rain.
The main force, under Gen. Cox, did not leave
New Berne until the next day, and the 27th Mass. had
not yet joined us. Friday, March 3d, the 15th broke
camp at 8 a. m. and marched to Core Creek, where we
encamped and were joined by Battery C, 3d N. Y.
Light Artillery. It rained nearly all day, but cleared up
towards evening, and our bivouac in light marching
order for this night prdmised to have less of discom
fort than the last. We remained here during Satur
day and Sunday, the 4th and 5th, anxiously expecting
our cooks and their accompaniments, and finally, on
Sunday, they arrived. It is a very easy thing for a
soldier to march in obedience to orders with "three
days' rations in haversack," as we had on Thursday,
March 2d, but it is not so easy a thing to make the old

Adj. Philip C. Rand.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

109

haversack look tempting and inviting to the appetite
four days afterwards. We were all glad to see the
company cooks, with their outfits, and to know that
the Commissary was along. Here the 27th Mass.
joined us, and our Brigade was together.
The seriousness of this advance, its importance,
and its probable results, very evidently were felt by
all, and with a determination not to be remiss in any
thing which the emergency might demand. It was
not an unusual thing to see a soldier overhauling his
personal belongings, and after due deliberation,
throwing aside, perhaps, a couple of ounces of some
thing which he thought he might get along without.
The two ounces so discarded were in some instances
a Testament, in others a pack of cards; in either case
the one idea of the soldier was "how best to get
there," rather than "by what road."
On Monday morning, March 6th, the 15th marched
from Core Creek at 7 a. m., with four days' rations.
We held the advance and marched easily, with an
hour's rest at noon, until 7 p. m., when we went into
camp near the railroad on Core Creek. A strong
picket detail from the regiment was made and posted
before dark. This was the Gum Swamp region, and
the possibilities of guerrillas were at a premium.
At about noon on Tuesday, March 7th, the pickets
were called in, and at 1 p. m. the brigade advanced.
The enemy had obstructed the road by felling trees,
and in all ways possible for temporary annoyance.
About 4 p. m. we had a somewhat lively skirmish
with the enemy, in which several of our men were
wounded, but, as a result, we arranged our lines a lit
tle in advance of the one the enemy had selected for
us and finally lay on our arms for the night with our
line of skirmishers within three hundred yards of
what was ascertained to be the line of the enemy's
intrenchments on South West Creek, four and one-
half miles from Kinston. Upham's Brigade was now

no FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
together, the 27th Mass. having reported on Sunday,
the 5th. A battery of light artillery and a squadron
of cavalry were supposed to be acting with the bri
gade, and a portion at least of each was present and on
duty on the night of March 7th.
When darkness came on that night, the 15th was
not, as a regiment, in proper order for battle. It was
in proper order for picket and observation, and that
was what was required. Some four hundred western
recruits from Camp Chattanooga, which were en route
to regiments then with Sherman, and which had been
sent to New Berne as the nearest way of reaching
him, were at this time temporarily incorporated in
the 15th, thirty or more of them being assigned to
each company, and two additional companies being
formed and officered by detail from our regiment.
The presence of these raw men, almost in equal num
ber with our own, was in some respects not an advan
tage. They knew little of drill or discipline, had, of
course, no special pride in the "15th C. V.," and
tended to make the regiment more unwieldy than it
was comfortable to contemplate if under fire. On
account of this large access of men, Col. Upham
handled the 15th as two separate battalions, Lieut.-
Col. Tolles in command of the right wing, and Major
Osborne the left.
At sunset on March 7th, the right wing was on
duty, deployed as a heavy skirmish line in front of
the enemy's line of works on the west side of South
West Creek, and only about three hundred yards
from the rebel guns, the line extending along our
front on both sides of the Dover road. The left wing,
under Major Osborne, was in line about five hundred
yards in the rear of the skirmish line, and to the left
of and at right angles with the Dover road. The 27th
Mass. was formed on the right of the same road, and
the headquarters of Col. Upham were about one hun
dred and fifty yards in the rear of the 27th Mass.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 1 1 1
Battery D, 3d N. Y. Artillery, Capt. Cann, commanded
the road from a position about on a line with the left
wing of the 15th and the 27th Mass. The entire bri
gade lay on its arms the night of March 7th. No fires
were permitted, so no coffee was possible. A tin cup,
however, never comes amiss to a soldier, and before
morning the picket line was quite well protected by
the " hole and pile of dirt " which each soldier had
made for himself, with his plate or cup for a spade,
during the quiet hours of darkness when he was a
good deal more anxious than sleepy.
The expected artillery firing from the rebel bat
teries did not open at daylight, and of course we were
quite content to keep quiet if the Johnnies did. The
rebel force, well intrenched in our immediate front and
at very close quarters, was not less than 2,500 men.
Our brigade numbered less than half as many. Our
nearest support was Carter's Division, in the vicinity
of Wise Forks, nearly two miles in our rear. It will
thus be seen that our entire brigade was really "on
picket " in the very teeth of a largely superior force,
and with no provision whatever made for a support
ing force in an emergency. Crossing the Jackson's
Mills road, a little in the rear of our brigade and lead
ing to our left, was the British road, and on this, as
videttes guarding our left, was posted a detachment
of the 12th N. Y. Cavalry.
The morning passing quietly, the men not on the
skirmish line had time for their coffee, and at about 7
o'clock the 27th Mass. was moved down the British
road past the rear of our left wing, and formed across
that road about half a mile to our left and a little to
the rear.
About nine o'clock the rebels opened with all their
guns, and they made it as lively for us as they could
without coming out of their works and charging us.
Our guns replied spiritedly, and our picket line gave
a Johnnie no chance to get his head above the breast-

1 1 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOL UNTEERS.
works without a crack at it. As before stated, our
pickets had somewhat protected themselves by
"burrowing" and the casualties on our side in this
very hot work were far from being so numerous as
seemed inevitable. Captain Bassett of Co. A, always
brave as the bravest, was brave to rashness here,
repeatedly exposing himself by passing along the
line almost within pistol shot of the enemy, and was
finally mortally wounded by a rebel musket ball at
short range and died on the field. This fighting con
tinued without cessation, and at a little past n o'clock
Col. Upham received intimation that he might expect
an attack upon his left. He had previously posted
the 27th Mass. on the left of the brigade and facing
left, and he now dispatched Adjutant Rand to
Major Osborne to at once change front to left with
his battalion. This was immediately done, and
almost simultaneously with its commencement a
murderous volley burst upon us through the thick
underbrush from what had just been our left and
rear. Just then, and before the movement had more
than begun, Major Osborne fell with a terrible wound.
Men were dropping on every side, and as by far the
heaviest fire was coming from what was but a few
moments before our rear, it was evident that the
enemy had got between us and the main column and
that we were isolated. Firing in our former front
had now entirely ceased, and we didn't mind the
deprivation in the least. We had enough to keep us
busy without it. The four companies of the left
wing behaved nobly, western recruits and all, but the
last change of front was only half change enough.
We were still getting our hottest fire from left flank
and rear, and we must either meet it or surrender, or
die in our tracks. Capt. White didn't like to try any
more battalion drill according to tactics under those
circumstances. He had the colors taken to the
remains of a rail fence just in the edge of the woods

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DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 113
in front of what had been our position faced the other
way a half hour before, and gave the order to " rally
behind the fence." The western recruits were the
first to get there, and all were there in less than " one
time and three motions." There was a lull for a
moment ; we were now faced squarely to our former
rear. Col. Bartholomew and many of the 27th Mass.
now joined us, coming in from what was now our
right and rear, but the Johnnies gave us but little
respite. All this fighting of the left wing had been
in woods and underbrush, and that had been very
greatly to our advantage. The rebels could not tell
what fprce was opposing them except as they judged
by our fire, and we had made that lively enough to
please the most fastidious. Had our brigade been
similarly posted in an open field on this occasion,
Hoke's Division would have marched over us without
giving us a thought and attacked the main column.
This he really thought he was doing, owing to our
stubborn resistance. We now, with what was left of
the 27th Mass. in line with us, gave the rebs another
fusilade, and kept them at bay for some little time.
It was terribly plain, however, that when they should
gather courage for one more rush forward all would
be up with us, and Capt. White, thinking there might
possibly be a chance for the right wing to escape
across the railroad in the direction of the Neuse
River, dispatched the color bearers to Col. Tolles with
the regimental colors, hoping thereby to save them
from capture. By this means the colors were gotten
away from what was at that moment the thickest of
the fight, although Corp. George W. Manville, of Co.
E, received his death wound while making the effort.
But the hoped-for avenue of escape for the right wing
was closed, as Col. Tolles soon found when he moved
towards the railroad. We were completely hemmed
in on all sides, and actually prisoners of war though
we had not surrendered, and were still fighting.

n4 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
The last stand made by the left wing and the 27th
Mass. combined was simple desperation. There was
not, and we all knew there was not, for us, a fighting
chance. The only thing which from the first it had
been possible for us to do was to gain time for the
main column to get in readiness for the rebel assault.
We did this so effectively as to entirely defeat the
plan of Gen. Hoke, which was to take Cox's main
column by surprise and drive it back in disorder to
New Berne.
Our little isolated brigade, which Hoke supposed
was the main column, held at bay the entire rebel
force, composed of Hoke's, Cheatham's and part of
S. D. Lee's divisions, until the divisions of Ruger and
Palmer were thoroughly apprised of the danger and
in position to meet it. It was then too late for the
rebels to do more than reconnoiter for position, and
when they resumed the attack on the next day they
found Cox's two divisions entirely ready to receive
them. At our last stand we poured a lively volley into
the Johnnies at close quarters, which staggered their
column a little, only to bring it on with a more furi
ous rush when it rallied, and then, as we well knew
would be the case, they marched over us in howling
hordes and we were prisoners of war. Capt. Bassett,
of Co. A, was dead from a gunshot wound, Major
Osborne and Lieut. Bishop were both mortally
wounded, twenty-six men of the 15th Conn., and the
western recruits assigned temporarily to it were dead
or dying, and more than forty others were wounded
so as to be utterly helpless as prisoners of war.
For a time the 15th Conn, ceased to exist as a
fighting force in the field. It had been placed in the
most trying position which ever falls to the lot of
soldiers, and it had heroically held an overwhelming
force of the enemy in check until his attack ceased to
be a surprise, and he was compelled to meet well pre-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

"5

pared Union troops on equal terms and get most
soundly whipped.
Then began our experience as prisoners of war,
and it is safe to say that never a regiment marched
into captivity with a better right to feel that it had
done its duty heroically and well. The fault, if fault
it was, of posting our brigade where a rebel force of
fifteen thousand men could come between it and the
main column and attack from the rear, was certainly
not the fault of our brigade, or of its colonel command
ing. No regiment in the service ever had better reason
for voluntarily surrendering to an enemy in over
whelming force than did the 15th at South West
Creek, but the idea of surrender was never for a
moment entertained, either by officers or men. The
determination was general to stand in the way of
rebel advance just as long as possible, to make no
sign of weakness or surrender, and to cease fighting
only when our arms had been forced out of our hands
by overwhelming numbers. This we did, to the sac
rifice of ourselves, indeed, but that in a spirit as
heroic as ever can animate a soldier.
Individual instances of bravery might be men
tioned almost without limit, but to mention some to
the exclusion of others would be invidious. One, how
ever, may certainly be named, as typical of all, with
out doing injustice to any. Lieut. Edwin Bishop,
whose aged and enfeebled father still lives in this
city, was acting adjutant of the 15th, during this en
gagement, Lieut. Rand being Acting Assistant Ad
jutant General of the brigade. When Col. Tolles
found it necessary to move his skirmish line by the
right towards the railroad, it necessarily devolved on
Lieut. Bishop to convey the order. To do this he
had to pass over open ground which had all day been
mercilessly swept by the rebel infantry fire at short
range, and where Capt. Bassett got his death wound

1 1 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UNTEERS.
in the forenoon. Bishop went with all the alacrity
and cheerfulness he would on an errand of pleasure,
and even when the rebel bullet pierced his spine and
laid him helpless where no aid could reach him, his
cheerfulness did not desert him. All that afternoon,
until his captured comrades carried him to the old
mill within the rebel lines, and until two days after
ward they were compelled to leave him lying on the
floor of the Fair Ground Hospital, in Goldsboro, in
the tender care of his captors, he conversed as cheer
fully as if he was unharmed, although he well knew
that he had but a few days, probably but a few hours,
to live. In those fearful hours of misery he won the
admiration of every one of his comrades, who were
permitted to grasp his hand in a last farewell by the
calm cheerfulness with which he faced the death he
knew was inevitable.
And so of all the many who there got their death
or were maimed for life.
Eastern North Carolina was now rapidly evacu
ated by the rebel forces. The army had fallen
back to Raleigh. On the 13th, Gen. Carter issued
the following, a special copy of which was sent
to Col. Upham: Headquarters 2D Division,
District of Beaufort,
In the Field, N. C, March 13, 1865.
General Field Orders, )
No. 5. \
The General commanding desires to express his thanks to the
officers and men of his command for their gallantry in the action
of the ioth inst. , which, with the co-operation of a portion of the
brave men of the 23d Corps, repulsed a severe attack of the enemy
who advanced in superior force confident of turning our left.
The veteran troops of Sherman's army and the old army of the
Potomac vied with each other in coolness and steadiness, while
the recruits who were for the first time under fire exhibited a
spirit of emulation which promises to make them the equals of the
veterans of so many fields. By command of
BRIG. GEN. S. P. CARTER.
H. H. Thomas, A. A. G.

Lieut. Edwin W. Bishop.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. IJ7
On the 18th, Gen. Cox issued an order* trans
ferring the 15th Conn, from the 2d Division
under Carter, to the ist Division under Palmer.
It was charged with provost duty in Kinston. The
boys set about making themselves comfortable, and
to this end, camp was moved two or three times, at
last (May 18th), establishing itself on the John C.
Washington estate, a magnificent site overlooking
the village of Kinston.
A memorandum made by a comrade f at the
occupation of this place, reveals an ebb tide in
commissary stores. He writes, " Our rations now
are ^lb. salt pork, four hard tack, a spoonful of coffee
and a spoonful of sugar." Feeling the need of some
thing more substantial, he and three companions,
on the 17th did a little foraging on their own account,
bringing into camp 9 hams, 2 doz. eggs, 1 peck meal,
and a gallon of sorghum molasses. [It is not to be
supposed this was the only instance of the kind
around Kinston].
The duties of the regiment were not arduous. They
were mainly guard and police duties. The rail
road bridge was repaired, and within a week after
the occupation of the city trains were regularly run
ning to New Berne. The boys built roomy quarters
for themselves and under the soothing warmth of the
spring sun grew fat and lazy.
Says Beckley | of  April ist: "To-day Scott and
myself built a frame, and with the use of some
1 secesh ' boards which we ' drew ' and our shelter
tents, made us a comfortable little house 8 feet square
and high enough to stand up in. Made a bunk wide
enough for two on which we placed two ticks filled
with corn husks.- Have a floor and door of good size.
For furniture we have a writing desk, a chair, a stool
and some shelves."
* Special No. 10. + G. W. Smith of K. % Diary.

CHAPTER X.
Goldsboro, n. c. — departure of the prisoners for
RICHMOND  WELDON  CLOVER STATION  SALISBURY 
DEATH OF LIEUT. BISHOP  DANVILLE  DEATH OF
MAJOR OSBORNE— CORPORAL PHILLIPS  RICHMOND AND
LIBBY PRISON  PAROLE OF THE 15TH.
To return to March 8th. The 15th was taken by
its captors in squads to Kinston during the after
noon and there "rounded up." All except the
severely wounded and a few allowed to remain with
them were put on board a train for Goldsboro, N. C. ;
and arrived there about 9 o'clock in the evening.
The prisoners were coralled in the Fair Grounds, an
open lot surrounded by a high board fence and a line
of guards. The night was cold and rainy, and the
captives suffered bitterly. Stripped of everything on
the field, many had neither overcoat nor blanket. So
much remonstrance was made at this cruelty that a
portion was finally taken to the Court House and
sheltered. This was accomplished through the
humanity of some of the citizens of Goldsboro. On
the way even from the depot to the Fair Grounds the
women came out from many of the residences, spoke
to our men kindly and in some instances gave them
rolls of bandages. They also carried a warm break
fast to some the next morning. In a few instances
these ladies took home the raw rations issued to the
prisoners, cooked and returned them with such addi
tions as they were able to make. It was an unex
pected kindness.
During the forenoon of the next day the wounded
arrived from Kinston. On the morning before start
ing, the citizens visited the place where the]r were

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 119
confined, with a breakfast of coffee, bean soup and
corn bread. * They showed their sympathy in vari
ous other ways, and assisted them in getting on the
train. On reaching Goldsboro a portion was taken
to the Fair Grounds and the remainder to the Court
House. Major Osborne, Lieut. Bishop, Corp. Man-
ville and private Spencer were taken in a springless
wagon without bed or blanket to the former place.
On the way there a hotel was passed, from the bal
cony of which a company of southern ladies (?)
reviled and insulted the bleeding men. At the Court
House were Col. Tolles and eight line officers of the
15th, together with a few privates, and some of the
27th Mass. and 12th N. Y. The sun came out at noon
and dried the shivering wretches a little ; a ration
consisting of a pint of meal, a few dried peas and five
ounces of bacon per man was issued, and the Con
federacy rested.
Toward night transportation was provided and
most of the prisoners were hustled on board cars for
Weldon. Only the ill and wounded remained behind.
Leaving the latter therefore, for the present we
follow the fortunes of the larger body. The dis
tance from Goldsboro to Weldon is seventy-eight
miles ; it was reached about 4 o'clock a. m. and
at sunrise the passengers were unloaded in an open
lot partially provided with tents. Three days' rations
were issued and though it rained heavily, the boys
managed to exist. A few, principally the officers,
took up their quarters in an old church, f cooking
their scanty meals in a small stove in front of the
pulpit. Considerable trading was done at this place;
a dozen eggs brought $10.00, and a small piece of corn
bread, $5.00.
Capt. White was wont to relate with much pleas
ure his experience in "bulldozing" a rebel guard at
* Mosher. + Capt. White.

120 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
this place. He went one morning to fill several can
teens with water from the railroad tank. There was
a guard of only one man posted at that point. Capt.
White represented to this custodian that he was very
lame and unable to climb the ladder to the tank. After
a few minutes' parley with this representative of
the Confederacy, he persuaded him to let him (White)
hold his musket while he (the guard) filled the can
teens, as an accommodation. Up went the guard, and
the canteens were speedily filled, but as the fellow
was about to descend, Capt. White called a "halt,"
and threatened to "blow a hole" through him if
he moved another inch. When he had kept him up
there a sufficient time, he was allowed .to come
down. He received his gun very meekly;' neither
did he dare report the matter, for fear of the con
sequences to himself for giving up his arms while
on duty.
On Sunday, March 12th, all hands were roused
at 4 a. m. and put on board the cars for Gaston, N. C,
and thence to Clarksville (or Masons) Junction.
Here all took to their feet and after marching about
eight miles went into camp in the Pine woods along
side of the railroad. It was at this point that Capt.
White and Lieut. Linsley made their escape. [See
later account]. The march was resumed next morn
ing and twelve miles or thereabouts were made during
the day, which brought the detachment into Clarks
ville toward evening. Bivouac was established near
the village, the officers being quartered in an old
school -house * near by.
The guard for the night was a detail from the 12th
N. C, and it vented its spite by establishing an
imaginary "dead line" around the prisoners and
then knocking over several of them when some dis
tance from it.f It was here also that Mrs. Mahone,
* Capt. Bradley. + Griffin.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 121
wife of the rebel general, with her twin boys, came
down "to see the Yanks." *
The march was taken up on the public highway
the next morning (14th) about 8 o'clock, and nineteen
miles were covered during the day. Camp was
pitched at night in the sand at a place called
" Nichols Ferry," near a saw -mill owned by a Union
man on the bank of the Dan River. The next morn
ing all were ferried across the river in small boats,
but only a five mile tramp had been made when a
halt was ordered at Wolf Trap station near a railroad.
Here the column spent twenty-four hours waiting for
rations to come up (which were issued of pork and
flour at noon) and then started on. Ten miles were
covered during the afternoon through one of the
worst storms of wind and rain common to North
Carolina. French f says the camp was pitched that
night in a swamp at a place called Clover Station, and
that the mud was three feet deep and the night so
dark they had to shut their eyes to see anything.
Friday, the 17th, rations were again issued and that
day the weary column struck the Roanoke river, cross
ing it on a long bridge considerably the worse for the
hammering it had recently received from Sheridan's
guns during a raid. There was a large fort at this
point mounted with field-pieces of a light calibre.
At this point the officers J were detached from the
main body and sent by cars to Richmond.
It was now (March 18) the eleventh day of their
captivity. Heretofore, the guard had been composed of
"The Senior Reserves of North Carolina," but it was
now exchanged for a portion of the 23d and 26th
"Battalions of Virginia." The new guard conducted
matters more in accordance with military usages,
* French. + Diary.
tCol. Samuel Tolles, Capt. R. O. Bradley, Capt. William C. Burgess, Capt.
Theodore R. Davis, Capt. Reuben Waterman, Capt. M. A. Buttricks, Lieut. Newell
F. Burritt, Lieut. August Rodrigniz, Lieut. Gray, Lieut. Beach.

122 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
and was better liked by the boys. This guard had
recently been exchanged, having had a brief taste of
Northern prisons, and was disposed to be as lenient as
possible. Fourteen miles were made on the 17th; the next day
17 miles more, and on the 20th, they struck the Rich
mond and Danville railroad at a point where the
" Southside Turnpike " intersected it. Seventeen miles
were added to the list on that day.
March 21st, Amelia Court House, 36 miles from
Richmond was passed by the column, which continued
on to Nottoway Depot, where camp was made and
rations issued. Here a fort was constructed with
eight small field-pieces. The procession was now
nearing Richmond. On the 22d theboys were marched
20 miles in ten stages of two miles each, and went into
camp six miles from the rebel capital. The guards
began to increase their vigilance and the boys were
made to understand the difference between captors
and captured. The next morning an easy march
brought them to Manchester on the opposite side of
the river from Richmond, and at half past 9 a. m.r
March 23d (15 days from Kinston), Libby Prison opened
its doors to receive them.
What a fortune of war ! How widely different from
any expectation ! Instead of a component part of
that glorious " 300,000 more " raised in 1862 to lift
rebellion off the face of the earth, here was New
Haven county's choice regiment which had threat
ened so many times (in song) to "hang Jeff. Davis on
a sour apple tree," tumbled neck and heels into a
filthy prison, robbed of its possessions, treated as
a body of criminals, fed like beasts, and covered with
vermin ! But wait ! !
Rations of meal and bacon were furnished during
the afternoon, and woolen blankets issued (one for
two men) to such as had none. The men were quar-

Capt. Robert 0. Bradley.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 123
tered on the second floor of the prison. The two follow
ing days passed without interest, but on the 26th, their
paroles were ready. Early in the morning of that day
they were placed on board transports and under a flag
of truce sent down the James river to Chapin's Farm.
The Union headquarters was at Aiken's Landing, some
three miles across the neck. This distance was
quickly covered on foot. The steamers New York
and Manhattan were in waiting, and at 2.30 p. m. the
boys were en route for Annapolis. They complained
bitterly of the crowded condition of the boats, but
were consoled by plentiful rations of " hard-tack and
coffee," which the Confederacy had been unable to
furnish. They reached "Camp Parole" March 27th,
about 2 o'clock p. m. The complete destruction of
all their clothing was at once ordered by the author
ities and new suits were issued later. Later, greatly
to the surprise of the men, they found these suits
charged to their account.
Col. Upham at once instituted an inquiry * con
cerning it, but was met with the declaration that the
Government did not assume to clothe paroled prisoners
unless at the latter's expense. The Government,
through its agents, ordered the destruction of the old
garments and then refused to supply the new. It is
possible that each paroled man so treated has a valid
claim at the present time.
To complete the narrative of this journey from
Kinston to Richmond, we must return a moment to
Weldon, N. C. On the eve of setting out from that
place, Corp. Griffin of E, and a member of the 27th
Mass. were chosen as commissaries by our men and
to them were issued the rations furnished during the
march. With great care Griffin has preserved a com
plete list of his comrades. It will be seen they were
almost a regiment in number. No other record
* See Upham's letter to Col. F. D. Sewall, commanding Post.

124 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

exists of this body, not even in the department at
Washington.

Squad.

Men.

Co.

Regiment.

Daily
Meat Rations.

Daily
Meal Ration.

I

29

D

27th Mass.

10 lbs.

15 qts.

2

8o

D

15th Conn.

27 "

40 "

3

73

I

•¦

24 "

36 "

4

58

E

"

19 "

29 "

5

37

FandL

"

12 "

18 "

6

76

A

"

25 "

38 "

7

10

D

17th Mass.

3 "

5 "

8

88

C

15th Conn.

29 "

44 "

9

23

H

27th Mass.

23 "

11 "

IO

46

B

15th Conn..

15 "

23 "

n

57

G

"

19 "

28 "

12

32

EandH

27th Mass.

11 "

16 "

13

26

C

"

9 "

13 "

14

15

G

"

5 "

7 "

15

16

F

"

5 "

8 "

16

30

Band I

"

10 "

15 "

17

64

H

15th Conn.

21 "

32 "

18

64

H

12th N. Y.

21 "

32 "

19

22

E

9th N. J.

7 "

11 '*

20

22

Officers

_

7 "

11 "

868

This makes a total of 579 men of the 15th. Conn.
In the squad of the wounded sent to Salisbury prison
there were between forty and fifty, who taken with
those wounded early in the fight and carried to our
own hospitals, together with the killed, closely con
firms Col. Upham's official report.
Having followed the officers and the main part of
the regiment to Annapolis, let us turn back to the
disabled prisoners left at Goldsboro. On Saturday
the report reached the rebel authorities that Gen.
Slocum was within eighteen miles of Goldsboro. A
train was made up without delay and the prisoners
put on board. Raleigh was reached at midnight and
after a short stop it proceeded on its way to Salis-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

125

bury. Sunday was spent in the cars. There was
lack of water on the train and insufficient room, and
with the growing painfullness of their wounds the
boys grew cross and highly uncomplimentary to their
guards. Salisbury was reached at sunset. When the
train stopped, a number of colored women boarded it
with milk, corn bread, biscuit, etc., which by order of
their mistresses they handed our men, on the suppo
sition they were Confederate soldiers. The mistake
was not discovered until the supply was exhausted.
"Good Lawd, missus !" said a fat auntie, " Good Lawd!
these are Yanks ;" but it was too late.*
All hands were taken to the prison stockade and
put in three small buildings about 12 x 16 each.
These were fitted up with bunks but no bedding. A
fire was burning in each. Their companions in this
miserable place were about five hundred prisoners
from Sherman's army, rough fellows but good
hearted. These made a detail of themselves as
nurses for our boys and cared for them in every way
with such means as could be had. The surgeon in
charge was a gruff old fellow without feeling or sym
pathy for his patients.
Rations were issued of rye coffee, rye bread
and rice soup. To their everlasting disgrace be it
said that at this time some of the men (recruits)
offered themselves as deserters and were let out of
the pen, their comrades jeering them as they went.
On the 15th the prison supplies began to fall short,
and the rations of the well men were cut down one-half;
the wounded continued to draw meals as before,
though so meagre and poor as barely to sustain life.
It was a hard spot. Those not so severely disabled
though suffering for every comfort, managed to hold
their own and even gain a little. Not so with a few
others, among them Lieut. Edwin W. Bishop, Maj.
Osborne and Corp. Manville, of the Color Guard.
* Mosher.

126 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Says Towner, * " I went to see Lieut. Bishop, who
was in the next building and found him lying on a
stretcher propped up with blankets. He seemed
cheerful and said he was trying to pull through.
I have thought since that the brave fellow was trying
to cheer up the others and knew his own condition
was hopeless. Maj. Osborne was beside him. * *
* * Lieut. Bishop died at 8 o'clock, Friday
evening, March 17. A coffin was procured and he
was buried within the stockade. His name was cut in
a board by an officer of a Western regiment, which
was placed at the head of his grave. * * * *
Corp. Manville died on the 21st and was buried in
like manner. Everything was swarming with ver
min. It was impossible to be clean. Thousands and
thousands of prisoners had occupied that dreary
place, shelter had been scarce and the entire area of
the stockade was burrowed and re-burrowed with cel
lars, ovens and passages, while overhead the clay had
been rudely shaped into low huts that would hold two
men lying side by side. To such extremities for cov
ering were the prisoners forced.
During the stay of our boys at this "retreat," it
was the custom evenings for the Confederate brass
band stationed just outside the stockade to favor the
citizens with music. This was the signal for
" Sherman's bummers," as the prisoners were called,
to set up a counter attraction by singing Northern
songs and otherwise making such a racket as fre
quently to break up the concert.
From the 20th to the 2 2d, the rebel authorities
were busy getting out paroles, and on the afternoon
of the latter day, the prisoners were ordered to fall
in for transportation to the Union lines. The medi
cal authorities were unwilling some of the worst
cases should go (among them Major Osborne), but
were finally overcome, and it is thought every man
was put on board the train. Sergt. Towner * mentions
* Diary

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

127

that in passing along the street to the railroad
station they met the young surgeon who attended
them from Goldsboro, and gave him a genuine
" Yankee cheer " in appreciation of his kindness.
The train was made up of freight and passenger cars.
The prisoners were compelled to ride in the former
and lie on the floors. They rolled along all night,
and in the morning were at Greensboro. Here
they were unloaded and taken to an open field about
a mile in the rear of the city to spend the night.
Trouble arose between them and their guards at this
place, because the latter refused to extend their
lines to include a spring. Just at that point in
the controversy, which was getting pretty hot,
along came a train from Richmond with a lot of
paroled confederates on board. They saw the situ
ation at a glance and ordered the guards to extend
their lines " d — d quick or they would get out and
do it for them." As a result, our boys got the spring.
The weather was cold and the wind blowing a gale.
Many of the men had neither blankets nor overcoats.
Major Osborne was suffering severely, and Towner
is credited with sharing his blanket with him.
Toward morning a fire was started, yet it proved an
intensely dreary night for a parcel of cold, hungry
and wounded men.
At 7 o'clock next morning, they boarded the cars
for. Danville. The distance was a trifle less than
fifty miles, but the}'' were on the road the entire day.
The rails had been recently relaid, and the road-bed
was in shocking condition. On arrival at Danville,
they were unloaded and marched to the prison. This
was on the 24th. The next day (Sunday) their
wounds were dressed and fair rations of corn bread
and rice without salt were issued. They remained in
the prison until the 27th, when they were taken to a
hospital. The straw mattresses, clean sheets, white
pillow cases " made it look like heaven " a comrade

128 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
said. Better food was provided and unusual care
taken to make them comfortable, yet nothing could
save either Phillips* or Smith of the Color Guard.
Both died and were buried near by.
The prisoners' stay in the hospital was destined to
be brief, for an order came on the 28th to send all
paroled prisoners forward with despatch. On the 29th,
transportation was provided, and they were roused at
daylight. Major Osborne was unable to start. A
fever had set in, presumably from his wound, a day
or two before, and his condition was not encouraging.
Coupled with his physical weakness was something of
mental prostration. Previous to enlistment, his life
had been one of ease and comparative luxury, yet the
change to the hard lines of war never caused him a
regret so long as he could do his duty. Though his
wound was far from mortal, yet it seemed utterly to
prostrate and unnerve him. Something of a feeling fast
ened upon him that he would never see old Connecticut
again, and all the rallies and appeals of his comrades
failed to rouse that " pluck " he had ever been credited
with. Nothing would induce him to attempt the
journey, and the boys sadly bade him and a few others
good bye, and climbed breakfastless and with
out rations on top the box cars provided to take
them to Richmond. Osborne lingered until April 6th,
when he died. The squad of prisoners (forty-five)
arrived in Richmond not far from 10 o'clock at night.
Mosher says the party was taken to " Castle
Thunder ;" Towner says it was to a building opposite
Libby Prison. Whichever place it was the feverish
* Corporal Frank Phillips was a member of Co. I, and of the Color Guard. He
was severely wounded in his arm, near the elbow. The Confederate surgeons advised
amputation, but Phillips objected; the wound was therefore dressed with such means
as was had, and a cast-off boot leg supplied the place of splints. Mosher speaks of
Phillips being patient, even cheerful in his suffering ; his whole thought seemed to be
to reach home. To this end he went beyond his little strength. The cold night ride
from Salisbury to Greensboro, and the subsequent camp in the field consumed the
little vitality he had. He died at Danville, April 13. His son Riley was not allowed
Lo accompany him after leaving Kinston.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 129
patients cared very little. Utterly exhausted, they
dropped where they halted. Nature could endure no
more. The next forenoon (30th) they were transferred
to a regular hospital and received their first ration of
soft bread since leaving New Berne. The medical
authorities looked after them kindly and the discom
forts of the trip were in a measure overcome.
On Sunday, April 2d, they were told to be in
readiness to be sent through the lines next day. It
was a joyful announcement. At 7 o'clock all who
could walk filed out to the landing and boarded an old
barge. The others were carried in wagons. The
passage down the river was slow and it was sunset
when Turkey Bend was reached. No arrangements
for transportation had been made. There was still a
distance of four miles between them and the Union
lines, but nothing daunted those who could walk took
up their less able comrades in blankets, and started
at dusk without a guide or any knowledge of the way.
This tramp through the darkness and the rough
country will be always remembered by our heroes.
They stumbled on, carrying their comrades by "reliefs"
until accidentally confronted by the pickets of Gen.
Ord's Corps (colored). They were taken within the
lines and cheered lustily to find themselves under the
old flag once more. A detail of men assisted them to
the landing which was reached about 9 o'clock in the
evening. During all the time from leaving Richmond
the most incessant cannonade from the Union batteries
had been kept up within their hearing. Unknown
to them, it was the last day of the struggle for the
Confederate Capital, but a dusky picket explained the
situation tersely when he said, " Mar's Grant is givin
the rebels hell to-day." About midnight transporta
tion down the river was found and they reached Fort
ress Monroe the next afternoon. There they learned
of the surrender of Richmond. The transport con
tinued on to Annapolis, arriving there April 4th,
9

1 3 o FIFTEENTH CONNECTIG UT VOL UNTEERS.
eight days later than did the main body of the regi
ment, as stated. After a thorough renovation, a por
tion were sent to the Paterson Park Hospital, at
Baltimore, from which place thirty day furloughs
were granted, and thus in small squads the men grad
ually scattered to their homes.

Lieut. William Goodrich.

CHAPTER XI.
NARRATIVE OF LIEUT. WILLIAM GOODRICH  NARRATIVE OF
FRANK D. MOSHER  ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT.
WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEY  CAPTURE OF PRIVATE
NICHOLS  CAPT. JOHN D. WHEELER'S • CAPTURE AT
PLYMOUTH, N. C.,AND IMPRISONMENT — SERGT. TOWNER'S
DIARY.
Opportunity is taken at this stage of the history
to furnish a few personal recollections of the disaster
at Kinston, by members of the regiment. These
papers were mainly prepared some years ago. Some
have been read at reunions, and in one or two
instances published in the daily press.
NARRATIVE OF LIEUT. GOODRICH.
(Prepared for Capt. White.)
You may recall the fact that previous to the affair
at Kinston we had been perhaps too comfortably
stationed at New Berne, while Sherman was swinging
around from Atlanta to Savannah and thence up the
coast to Goldsboro and Raleigh.
The orders detaching me from the regiment, first
for provost marshal of New Berne and afterward to
service as aide-de-camp to Gen. Innis N. Palmer, com
manding the Dept. of N. C. gave me duties of such a
character that it was almost impossible for me to
follow up the movements of the 15th Conn. Vols., yet
I always kept an eye open for it and felt that to me
any news from it was of far greater interest than
news from any other regiment in the command. Now
how the 15th Conn. Vols, got up to the front of Kins
ton I do not remember. The preliminaries have also
passed from my memory save only a vague remem
brance that in connection with Gen. Schofield's com-

I32 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
ing into our department and assuming command of
the troops the 15th Conn. Vols, passed out of Gen.
Palmer's command and was brigaded with other
troops and under command of Col. Upham as Brigade
Commander, these troops were assigned to the left of
the line, while Gen. Palmer's division held the
extreme right and was hardly engaged in the affair
at all. The march from New Berne to within a short dis
tance of Kinston was made without fatigue or trouble
until just this side of the Neuse, where we ran up
against breastworks and found our progress opposed,
so sat down and waited to hear further from head
quarters. Early in the morning of the dayT of the big fight,
Gen. Palmer with his staff rode back from the front
to call upon Gen. Schofield. Hardly had we dis
mounted from our horses when the sound of firing
was heard, we judged it distant five or six miles.
Upon hearing this we remounted in short order and
then commenced the hardest ride I've ever taken in
my life. Gen. Palmer, an old cavalry officer and
used to all sorts of riding, took the lead, we
youngsters following close up, and it wasn't long
before we were back at the front. Gen. Schofield
leaving us and going down the line toward the left
whence came the firing, Gen. Palmer and staff going
to the right where we found only desultory firing.
We knew that we were making this demonstration
for the purpose of opening communications with
Gen. Sherman, yet we did not know how near to us
he was. One thing we did know and that was that
the rebel Gen. Hoke was in our front watching for a
chance to break through our lines so as to cut the
railroad behind us and perhaps capture New Berne.
This little game we did not propose to permit him to
play, and how unsuccessful his attempt was is proven
from the fact that he (Hoke) is known to have said

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

!33

that he tried to flank us but found it impossible with
out going way back to New Berne and coming up
behind, a movement we prevented his executing by
the defense at Wise's Forks, and by meeting him
every time he extended his right flank. So he had
to give it up, though Sherman's proximity caused
him to fight in desperation.
Our defensive position on the left was attacked
again and again with the fierceness which accom
panies men in desperate straits, and the field in front
of our works was piled up in many places three and
four high showing how desperate the attack and how
gallant the defense. Visiting the left of our line
next day and going over the fight, I saw saplings and
underbrush cut down as if by a scythe, from the
effect of the infantry fire, while whole limbs were
torn from trees and trees themselves riven asunder
from the effect of artillery firing.
On our return from Gen. Schofield's, we got right
down to work. Gen. Palmer soon had us hurrying all
over the line to see if there had been any disaster to
us. My direction was toward the left of our division,
which being the right, brought me to the right of the
centre division. I rode at once to the front, expect
ing to be able to ride down the line, but just before
reaching it, a shell from the Johnnies burst in front
of and over my head, by good chance missing me, but
tearing a piece from my good mare's flank. As the
rifle balls were also coming around in too great quan
tity to be wholesome, I thought better of my intention
of riding along the line, so sent my orderly with my
wounded horse back out of range, and went up on
foot to the breastworks. Arriving there, I found our
troops taking pretty good care of themselves, and let
ting the " Johnnies " have the greater part of the fun,
firing at them. Having to pass along the line, I took
good care to assume a stooping position, not caring
to make a target of myself.

134 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Where a cross road ran up to our line, making a
chance for an angle, I found a battery in position,
with half its guns pointed to the front, and half down
the front of the line to the left, giving a good chance
for an enfilading fire. Looking out to the front, I
saw one of the prettiest sights in all my army experi
ence, for not over a hundred yards to the front, and
in the open woods was a rebel brigade getting into
alignment, and evidently about to charge. I hurriedly
ran to the battery, calling for the officer in charge,
and demanded from him, " why do you permit this
formation in your front, without an effort to drive
them back." He replied " waiting for orders, sir."
I at once said, " open fire immediately with canister
on those rebels, by order of Gen. Palmer," and in less
time than I take to write, he had the ball opened, and
swept the rebel brigade with an enfilading fire; they
couldn't stand this, and in short order we had them
to the right about in double quick time, assisted
by the infantry fire, which accompanied the artil
lery. Some time after the close of the war, I met the
confederate Gen. Kirkland, and as conversation grew
between us, I ¦ found he was in the fight before Kins
ton, and I told him about my little part in sending
a brigade of his troops back quicker than they came.
He grew interested, and after several questions and
replies said, " that was my brigade, and had it not
been for that confounded battery of artillery cutting
my troops all to pieces, I'd have been inside your
lines in a very few minutes." I told him I was glad
to know that such a small order on my part had met
with such good results, and praised him for having
his brigade so well under control, as to halt under
fire, and make a really fine alignment. He replied,
" well I suppose I must blame you for it, but you
spoiled one of the best chances I ever had, and cut up
a fine brigade."

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

i3S

This part of the affair was soon over, so I passed
down the line with only an occasional "zip " to make
me sure that some one was in front, and while doing
so ran most unexpectedly across Lieut. Bowman,
15th C. V., who had with him some men of the 15th
C. V., and also the blue regimental color. I was
amazed to see him because I knew the 15th was
brigaded over towards the left, so asked him,
" Charlie, what in the world are you doing here with
the color, and where has the regiment moved to ? "
He replied to my great sorrow, " Lieutenant, they
are all captured except these few, and how we got
through I don't know." He further said that the
cavalry on outpost in advance of the lines retreated
to the left and rear without notifying the infantry so
that the first thing the regiment knew it had a
strong fire in front, another fire from left and rear,
and before long the rebs broke through the brigade
on the right, completely surrounding the 15th, leav
ing no alternative but surrender. Imagine my feel
ings to hear this ! There were all my old comrades
either killed, wounded or captured, and the dear old
regiment gobbled up, and as I thought with hardly a
chance to show its metal — I felt like crying and had
the blues for many a day afterward. However tame
it majr seem simply to tell of a regiment being sur
rounded and captured, having small report of their con
duct under fire ; yet it does not often happen to have
such praise from an enemy as the rebels awarded the
15th Conn. Vols. One day soon after the surrender,
the colonel of the 57th North Carolina Confederate
Infantry was at our headquarters talking to the mem
bers of our staff, and as was most natural, had a great
deal to say of the war. During his conversation (of
course not knowing any of us as connected with any
regiment) he spoke of the battle of Kinston of how
desperately they tried to drive us back, or flank us,
and with what vigor they were met, and further said

136 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
that during all his experience of army life, he had
never seen such a fine exhibition of hard fighting as
that given by the 15th Conn, regiment. "Why, will
you believe me," said he, " I saw them change front
three separate times during the fight and dress up as
if on parade. We had to entirely surround them
before they would surrender. If you had more men
like that the war would sooner have been over." He
also said that they felt as if such men and officers
were entitled to better treatment than ordinary pris
oners, and he believed special favors were shown
them as a tribute to their bravery.
You who were in the thick of the fight and know
just what occurred, will certainly be glad to know
that your brave stand was fully appreciated by a foe
whose own bravery we dare not disparage.
I'm sorry that the little part taken by us on the
right, does not permit me to tell you more about the
fight, but as we were several miles away from the
actual engagement, holding our part of the line as far
down as the river, we didn't see anything of it, only
waited impatiently for news and orders to move some
way or other. These orders didn't come, but the Bat
tle of Wise's Forks was over and Hoke didn't get in.
The forward movement of the whole army fol
lowed next day or the day after, Hoke retreating
rapidly to and through Kinston, blowing up his ports
and destroying the famous ram of which we had
heard so much. It took but a short time to get a
pontoon over the river to Kinston, and before very
long the railroad was running from Morehead City,
bringing up supplies for Sherman's army. This com
pleted our duty so we were soon back again in New
Berne in our old quarters.
FRANK D. MOSHER'S ACCOUNT OF HIS CAPTURE AND PRISON
EXPERIENCE.
After our reserve was overpowered we had orders
to make the best of our way out. I buckled on my

Quartermaster Marshall C. Augur

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 137
knapsack, but before I reached the house at the cross
roads (Col. Tolles' headquarters) it was missing. I
picked up another with a woolen and rubber blanket
attached to it and got as far as the woods skirting the
creek, when I heard the command from a "reb,"
"halt! throw down your gun!" I thought a live
coward was better than a dead hero, and I obeyed the
order. My captor was a very humane man. I did
not know I was wounded until he called my attention
to a rent in the leg of my pantaloons ; it was only a
flesh wound about two inches long and an inch deep,
made by a bullet, afterward found in my shoe, and I
have it yet. My captor marched me to Kinston. I
was put in an old stone house with a large number of
our wounded. We stayed in Kinston that night and
were cared for tenderly by the Confederate nurses.
[See general history] One episode I remember
which will show the difference in rebel soldiers.
While in Kinston, on the night of the 8th of March,
under charge of the man who captured me, another
soldier came blustering up and demanded my canteen
and knapsack. My guard clubbed his musket and
told his comrade he had come to the wrong place to
show his brutality, and further told him he had been
a prisoner himself once in the Yankee's hands at the
North and was well treated, and that nobody could
rob any prisoner of his while he had charge of him.
The fellow went off swearing. When we came to
part I traded a knife I had with my guard for a plug
of tobacco, a large piece of bacon and some corn
bread. We left Kinston on the forenoon of the 9th,
on the cars and arrived at Goldsboro in the middle of
the afternoon. Here we saw our comrades who
were not wounded marching round in a cattle pen.
[Fair ground]. We were taken to the Court House.
On the way there many of the women treated us
kindly. [See general history], even inviting us to
come into their houses and have our wounds dressed

138 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
if we could steal away from the guard. I think that
the guards themselves were half loyal, for many of
our boys entered the dwellings without being seen.
While here a lieutenant of a New Hampshire regi
ment managed to get a $ ioo Confederate bill, and
gave it to a citizen to procure a turkey for him and
cook it. This was done in fine style, and all the
wounded shared it.
On the afternoon of the ioth the surgeon announced
that he had orders to get us out of there as soon as pos
sible, for the Yanks had taken Kinston and were
coming up the country. We found Osborne, Bishop,
Phillips and some others of the more severely
wounded already on the cars when we got there.
There was a car load of rebel wounded on the same
train. The surgeon went with us, a kind and helpful
man ; he made the guards get water for us on that
long night ride. We brought up in Salisbury next
day. [See general history.] We debarked from the
cars and entered that miserable hole, Salisbury
prison. It made us feel blue but not discouraged.
We were given brick quarters outside the stockade,
but everything was swarming with vermin. Basins,
sponges, and soap were in great demand. The Con
federate authorities gave our nurses double rations for
taking care of us, and such rations ! Corn cobs and
corn ground together, and. soup, made of one part
rice and nine parts water; occasionally a dish of bean
soup. The beans were small and black, with no more
substance than a " double B shot,'- and there were
three beans to a quart of water. At one time they
got some bacon as a treat for us. Well it was a sur
prise, if not a treat ; a surprise because when you laid
it down it would move off of itself, it was so full of
maggots. How Osborne, Bishop and Phillips suf
fered. Poor fellows, they have gone to their last
camp. One thing I can say, the Confederate sur
geons did all in their power to help us. Often they

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 139
would smuggle in whiskey and eggs for those who
suffered most.
We stayed there a little over a week, and during
this time, several of our comrades passed away,
among them Lieut. Bishop, who bore his sufferings
manfully. He was so severely wounded through the
back, as to almost preclude recovery. I gave him a
sponge bath the day he died, and we did all we could
to save him. I must not forget to mention the kind
ness of our comrades in the main prison toward us,
nor the care some officers of Western regiments gave
us. We left the prison one afternoon, and were. com
pelled to ride in rickety box cars with no seats,
although there was plenty of room in the passenger
cars in the rear. Appeal was made to the guard to
allow this privilege, but the officer replied with an
oath that the freight cars were good enough for us
" Yanks," and he hoped we would all die before we
got into our own lines. At daylight, we landed at
Greensboro, a large village, and were marched to a
grove a short distance away and left with nothing to
eat for twenty-four hours, or until a train of paroled
Confederate soldiers going home, threw out of the
car windows some corn bread and bacon. That night
we slept on the ground. I gave my blankets to Phil
lips, and sat all night by the fire our guard had made.
The next morning we were loaded up in the box cars
again, and started for Danville. Here we were put
in an old store-house that was fairly comfortable.
Rations of corn bread were dealt to us. Our stay
here was brief, but long enough for death to claim
Phillips, and Smith of the color guard. We left Dan
ville one morning at daybreak, this time not in the
freight car but on top of it, and rode all day, arriving
in Richmond about 9 in the evening. We were at
once marched to Castle Thunder, where we spent the
night and were transferred to Libby Prison the next
day. Here we were packed in like sheep; corn bread

140 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
and water was served out to us and we were expected
to be happy. Finally, we were taken out on Sunday,
April 2d, and put on a flag of truce boat for our lines.
As for myself, I was sick and nearly beat out, and
hardly realized where I was. I determined to push
through, however, and was glad enough when I saw
the stars and stripes at Turkey Bend.
THE ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT. WHITE AND LIEUT.
LINSLEY.
Capt. White and Lieut. Linsley left the column at
Townersville, N. C. In the language of the former
they concluded they could make better time march
ing alone than with the inconvenience of the guards,
and so quietly slipped them early in the evening and
in a moment were hid in the woods. They reached
Clarksville at 11 p. m., supposing to find a bridge over
the Roanoke river at that point, but were disap
pointed. Following up the stream two or three miles
they found a small boat in which they crossed it, as
they supposed, but to their dismay had landed on an
island. Here they wandered until an old " dug out "
was descried on the river bank left by a freshet. This
with infinite labor they moved to the water and
embarked again. The opposite shore was reached in
the darkness, and the twain lost no time in getting
back into the country. This was Sunday, March 12.
The next day was spent in a " forced march " north
ward or northeastward, and in the evening they came
again to the Roanoke river at a place called Scotts-
burg. There was a ferry but a rebel guard was
posted on the opposite bank to apprehend deserters.
A negro informed them that one Joe Mosley, of his
own race, occasionally ferried rebel deserters across
and would, no doubt, secure them a passage — he was
paid $10.00 for this precious bit of information and
bade to hunt up the ferryman. Nothing more was
seen of him nor of Mosley. Another colored

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 141
brother's services were then put into requisition, who
not only supplied them with food, but found Mosley
and arranged that they should be taken over. The 14th
they lay secreted in the woods till evening; when they
approached the ferry both were surprised at the
narrowness of the river at this point, and the close
proximity of the rebel pickets who could plainly be
seen standing about their camp fire.
Arriving at the landing, they found a squad of
seven rebel deserters under charge of the ferryman,
waiting to be taken over, six of whom had brought
their arms from the field. The night was not par
ticularly dark and it was not without just a twinge
of misgiving that they stepped in the boat and lay
down with the fleeing Confederates; this feeling
was not in the least dispelled when a chain care
lessly dropped by the helmsman clanked loudly on
the night air, but they were under way and across
they must go.
The opposite bank was quickly reached and they
were about to step out when the sharp command
"halt" nearly paralyzed thern. A company of
soldiers sprung up directly in front, and with levelled
rifles covered the boat. There was no help. The
deserters dropped their guns and the party were
prisoners. It is not known what became of the
deserters. White and Linsley were taken to the
headquarters of the guard commanded by Capt.
Duguid * and Lieut. Hurst, both of New Berne, N. C.
These officers were gentlemanly in the extreme.
Neither of them had heard from New Berne since
entering the Confederate service, and their prisoners
were enabled to tell them much of importance con
cerning the Union army's occupation of that place.
This information assured them respectful and even
kindly treatment. [See further mention, Chap. XIV—
2d Part.]
* In Sept. 1892, Lieut. Linsley visited Capt. Duguid at his residence in New
Berne, N. C.

1 42 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
THE CAPTURE OF WILLIAM H. NICHOLS.
William H. Nichols, of Co. I, was captured while
foraging about two miles outside our lines at Kins
ton, April 8th, by the notorious cut-throat, O'Connor,
and his gang of guerrillas. There was no escape.
He was rushed back into the country, where three
others, John A. Roberts, Co. H, 124th Ind.; Martin
Walby, Co. G, 124th Ind., and John Opper, Co. K, 119th
N. Y., Union soldiers like himself, were confined. At
Nichols' capture, he had in his possession a few
trinkets from a Kinston family, entrusted to him to
carry to a family by the name of Sutton, in New
Berne, and also a pass from Col. Upham to the latter
place. Among the guerrillas was one Capt. Caraway,
who was related to the Suttons, and who interceded
for Nichols because of his message and contemplated
kindness to that family. This singular circumstance
probably saved the prisoner's life, as O'Connor was
the most merciless outlaw in the Carolinas, and inva
riably murdered his captives.
That night they all set out for the guerrilla camp,
and after a ride of twenty-four hours reached it in
the mountains. Here O'Connor became intoxicated,
and would certainly have shot Nichols had not Capt.
Caraway interfered. On the nth of April they
entered Tarboro, N. C, and were turned over to the
custody of the ioth N. C, doing guard duty there.
In the adjutant of this regiment Nichols found a
Yale College student, who knew New Haven well, and
who treated his prisoner with marked favor while
there. A new guard was made up, and the captives
again started for Richmond. On the 12th they were
at Enfield, N. C. ; on the 13th at Gaston; on the 14th
at Ridgway, where they remained until the 16th; on
the 17th at Halifax. Here paroles and two days'
rations were offered them, which they accepted.
Next morning, 18th, without rations or a cent

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

143

or even a jackknife, they set out on the road to
Petersburg. On the 19th they were at Bellfield.
Here they learned of the assassination of President
Lincoln, and Nichols notes that the people denounced
it as a cowardly act. On the 20th they reached our
lines south of Petersburg, and were taken in by the
103d N. Y.
CAPTAIN JOHN D. WHEELER'S CAPTURE AND IMPRISONMENT.
Captain John D. Wheeler was captured by Gen.
Hokes' forces at Plymouth, N. C, April 20, 1864.
At this time he was Acting Assistant Inspector Gen
eral on the staff of Gen. Harland commanding the
2d Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Army Corps. He was
with the 16th Conn. About 1900 in all were taken
prisoners — the rank and file were sent direct to
Andersonville and the officers, among them Capt.
Wheeler, to Libby prison. Good fortune assigned
them among some of the 18th Conn., who hadspent
nearly a year in that " retreat," and had learned how
to make the most of confinement.
When Gen. Butler landed at Bermuda Hundred
early in May, 1864, there were upward of 800 Union
officers in and around Richmond. On the 6th of that
month they were hurried off to Danville, Va., for
safety. They were confined there in an old factory
about a week, and then under conditions of needless
hardship sent on to Macon, Ga. Here they were
thrust in the typical stockade, with its " dead line " —
its plank enclosure — its gallery for the sentries — and
cannon mounted to sweep the pen. By the end of
July fully 2,000 officers had reached that place. Cir
cumstances made it necessary for the rebel authori
ties to remove them to a better place of safety and
the captives were divided in three parties. That to
which Capt. Wheeler was assigned between six and
seven hundred in number, was transferred to a stock
ade in the suburbs of Savannah, Ga., and after a stay

144 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
of three weeks more or less, were sent on to Charles
ton, S. C. Here they were turned loose in the jail
yard, exposed to the broiling August sun, without
shelter, compelled to sleep on the paving stones,
swarming with vermin for six days, before the
door of the empty jail behind was opened to admit
them. Yellow fever made its appearance in Charleston
near the close of September, and by an act of mercy
(if it could be called such), the prisoners were
removed to high ground between the Broad and
Saluda rivers, near Columbia, S. C. This transfer
was a great change at least in their surroundings.
No stockade, no " dead line," no shelter except a few
pine trees. The limits of the camp were defined only
by stakes driven in the ground, and the well worn
"beats" of the sentries. Liberty was afforded the
prisoners (under guard), to bring in wood, and an axe
was allowed each ioo men. "Burrows" were soon
constructed, but the weather grew bitterly cold, and
unprovided as were the men with overcoats or blan
kets, they suffered severely.
Winter set in and it appeared as if they would
spend it in that place. It was retired from main cen
tres and " flags of truce " found no carriers down
there — notwithstanding this, rumors of an impending
exchange reached their camp, and on Dec. 12, about
thirty of the officers, among them Capt. Wheeler,
received their paroles. They were by no means slow
in signing them and the next day were taken to Char
leston and transferred to a Union Gunboat lying close
under the guns of Fort Sumpter. Capt. Wheeler
reached Annapolis, Dec. 20th, eight months after his
capture, and from thence returned to Conn. Here he
found his private matters in such condition as to
demand personal attention, and he accordingly
resigned his commission early in 1865.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

EXTRACTS FROM SERGT. TOWNER S DIARY.

J45

[Note. — Sergt. Towner's account of his imprisonment has
heretofore been heavily drawn on by the writer, to illustrate the
journey of the wounded prisoners from Kinston to Richmond].
Speaking of his experience in Salisbury Prison,
he says : " The surgeon, a gruff old fellow came
toward evening; I remember him for pouring some
turpentine in my wound. Our rations consisted of
rye coffee, a loaf of rye bread, about three by four
inches (for two days), and rice soup; the soup was
very thin. We had a promise of meat once in eight
days; the bread was merely flour and water, mixed
and baked; as to its solidity, you can judge. Our
wounds became inflamed and offensive for want of
care. On the 15th (March), the rations of the
well prisoners were reduced one-half, but ours
remained the same. I went in to see Lieut. Bishop,
who was in the next building, and found him lying
on a stretcher propped up with blankets; he seemed
cheerful and said he was trying to pull through. I
have thought since that the brave fellow was keeping
up appearances to encourage the others when he
knew his own case was hopeless. Major Osborne lay
beside him. A Catholic priest came to see us, and he
was the only clergyman to my knowledge who visited
the prison. Lieut. Bishop died at 8 o'clock, Friday
evening, March 17th."
"At Greensboro we were taken to a large open
field and lay out all night ; the wind blew strongly
from the northwest, and as many of us had neither
blankets nor overcoats, we suffered bitterly from the
cold; I had an overcoat, and so gave my blanket to
Major Osborne. * * * * After arriving at Dan
ville, while we were marching down the street, a
group of rebel officers on the balcony of a hotel,
thought to guy us, supposing we were ' Sherman's
bummers,' and said that ' Uncle Robert would use

146 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Sherman right smart when he got at him,' but our
fellows advised them to ' take in Mar's Bob out of the
wet when uncle Billy gets up this way.' Rations
were not at all abundant here, but the thing we most
needed was salt. On the morning of the 29th, we
were called at daybreak to take the cars for Richmond.
Some were too weak from lack of food and condition
of their wounds to start, among them Corporal Frank
Phillips and Major Osborne. We left them under
fair treatment in a hospital and turned toward Rich
mond."

CHAPTER XII.
PROVOST DUTY AT KINSTON  THE 15TH AGAIN REUNITED
— -DEATH OF QUARTERMASTER BOWNS  PRIVATE
ROGERS' SCHOOL  TAX LIST OF KINSTON  " CAMP
CHATTANOOGA" — MUSTER OUT OF U. S. SERVICE —
ARRIVAL IN NEW HAVEN, CONN.
Shortly after the occupation of Kinston, the fol
lowing order was issued :
Headquarters District of Beaufort,
Kinston, N. C, March 18, 1865.
Special Orders )
No. 10. J
II. The 15th Conn. Volunteer Infantry and Battery A, 3d
New York Volunteer Artillery (dismounted), are hereby trans
ferred from the 2d Division, District of Beaufort, Brig. Gen.
S. P. Carter, comd'g, to the ist Division, District of Beaufort,
and will report without delay to Brig. Gen. I. N. Palmer, comd'g,
for assignment to brigade. By Command of MAJ. GEN. COX,
THEO. COX, Maj. and A. A. G.
On or about the 23d of March, railroad communi
cation between New Berne and Kinston was restored.
The Union forces at the latter place were cut down
to one brigade, but the duty was light and this force
found amply sufficient. On the 25th, camp was
removed to the eastern side of the town, and still
later (May 18th) to the John C. Washington estate,*
a magnificent country seat on high ground north of
the village. Here was a typical southern plantation ;
a thousand and more acres all highly cultivated lay
within sight of the mansion. The slave quarters were
in admirable condition, though tenanted then only
* Visited by the writer in 1892 ; buildings going to decay and a ruinous condition
everywhere apparent.

148 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
by a few aged servants. Beautiful walks paved with
imported English bricks circled amid flowers and
shrubbery on every hand, and oaks and magnolias
sheltered many a royal mocking bird. It was an ideal
home. The 4th of April was made a memorable occasion
to the loyal citizens of Kinston. On that day the car
penters of the garrison Martin Allen, of Co. D., and
Noyes Bristol, of B, raised a lofty mast on the roof of
the Court House from which the stars and stripes
were displayed. The ceremony was honored with
music by the regimental band and with salutes and
cheers. There was no opposition by the populace,
in fact, for a year or more, rebellion had been growing
unpopular in eastern North Carolina.
The news of the surrender of Gen. Lee reached
Kinston, April 12th. A few days thereafter guard
restrictions were considerably reduced and the boys
had little to do but digest their rations. On the nth
of May the captured officers returned to the regiment,
and on the 15th, the paroled men arrived from Alex
andria, Va. Except the severely wounded, and those
whom death had mustered out, the Lyon Regiment
was again united. It was a happy reunion. Col.
Upham resumed command on the 18th, and Capt.
Burgess was made Provost Marshal.
On the 2 ist occurred that saddening event, the
death of Quartermaster Bowns, by the cars at New
Berne. He was buried there on the 2 2d, his brother
officers from Kinston attending the obsequies in a
body. The regiment remained at Kinston nearly three
months. All were aware, particularly during the lat
ter part of this period, that active field duty was over
and discharge from service near at hand. There was
no antagonism between the citizens and the garrison ;
every body went unmolested about their business.
Frequent " excursions " were made by the boys to the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 149
outlying farms, but few complaints reached head
quarters that they failed to pay for what they took.
Here it was that Allen and Bristol, two excellent car
penters, made the "knapsack boxes," comrades will so
well remember, neither will any one forget the Con
federate ram sunken in the river opposite the city,
and the rusty arms and ammunition which sundry
venturesome lads occasionally fished up from the
wreck. These arms were mainly Colt's revolvers, the
property of the United States, and were stolen by the
rebels at Norfolk, Va. The craft was never useful to
the Confederacy, being too large for the river. It had
been destroyed but a week when our forces reached
Kinston. During the occupation of the latter place, the
experiment of furnishing a free evening school for
the colored people, was tried by private Rogers of E.
In this he was assisted by a few of his comrades as
teachers. It proved a complete success. The school
opened May ist, in one of the churches, with an
attendance of about forty. Rogers became enthusi
astic in his work, and the work correspondingly pros
pered. On May 3d, the school numbered one hundred
ninety-two members, on May 17th, two hundred
twenty members, on the 18th, two hundred fifty,
and by the first of June something over three hun
dred names had been enrolled, of all ages from five
years to seventy years and over. Not content with
this, Rogers, by permission of his officers, started a
day school May 2 2d, also for the colored people, with
an average attendance of upward of two hundred.
Five sessions per week were held and the eagerness
manifested to learn, as well as the progress made, was
most surprising. Although Rogers' work was of
short duration, owing to the departure of the regi
ment early in June, the most beneficial results fol
lowed. He was able to secure the co-operation of two
officers of the colored regiment that succeeded the

150 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT. VOLUNTEERS.
15th, and it was afterwards learned that the schools
were continued well into the midsummer.
A single illustration is given here to show the
means of some of the members of the Southern Con
federacy, and the extent of their possessions. It is
taken from the Tax List of Kinston for 1864, which
schedule was found by Allen of D, when our forces
first entered the Court House in that city.

James T. Albritton 
Elizabeth Bond 
Elias Albritton 
Lewis B. Cox 
Eusebius J. Dunn 
Cynthia Dunn 
Walter Dunn 
John Ennis. [Gone to the "Yan
kees."]
William Fields 
Richard F. Greene 
Pinckney Hardee 
Richard W. King 
Shade E. Loftin 
S. B. Turnage. [Gone to the
Yankees, the enemy.]
John Tull 
Hines Whitfield 
John C. Washington* 

ACRES.

SLAVES.

581

22

500

314

12

20

18

350

21

47
798
22
48
17
53i
24
27
2248
700
1430
85
VALUATION OF
SLAVES.
$10,000.00
4,475-00
IO,I50.00 8,050.00 7,825.00
23,150.00
11,600.00
25,900.00 7,700.00
II,95O.O0I3,05O.OO
38,325.00
Bear in mind these are but few names from a
single district in Lenoir Co. What then must have
been the total slave valuation of the State ?
On the 5th of June, 1865, the long expected order
came to return to New Berne, preparatory to being
mustered out of service, and the next day at 8 o'clock,
the regiment bade farewell to Kinston. New Berne
was reached in a couple of hours, and the command
*See previous mention.
DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 151
was assigned to a location, called " Camp Chattanooga,"
three miles or more outside the city. The following
order was issued : Head Quarters Rendezvous,
Near New Berne, N. C, June 6, 1865.
Special Orders )
No. 1. \
I. Colonel Charles L. Upham, 15th Conn. Volunteers, is
hereby assigned to the command of Camp Chattanooga.
By Command of BRIG. GEN. PALMER.
J. W. ATWIN, Capt. and A. A. A. G.
There was little or no duty to perform here, except
to " stand guard." Berry picking parties were num
erous, and all sorts of amusements devised to while
away the time until the final orders should come. On
the 24th, the recruits were transferred to the 7th Conn.,
and on the 27th, the regiment broke camp and
marched to New Berne. Later the same day, it was
mustered out of the U. S. service, and remained tem
porarily quartered at " Foster's Wharf " until the
30th, when it shook the dust of the South off its feet
for ever, and went on board the schooner " Recruit "
bound for New York. Five uneventful days were
consumed in the passage, and the metropolis was
reached on the morning of July 4th, 1865; the veter
ans were landed within a few yards of where they
embarked two years, ten months and six days before.
Transportation was at once secured by rail for New
Haven, and late in the afternoon, the tired, dusty,
war-worn Lyon Regiment proudly marched up the
the Elm City's streets — never so beautiful to them
before — amid the hand-clapping and hurrahs of a
welcoming host. The 15th Conn, was again in God's
country. The New Haven Journal and Courier in its issue of
July 5, published the following in connection with
the return of the regiment :

152 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
"The 15th Regiment arrived in this city on Tues
day evening at 6 o'clock and was given a most cordial
and enthusiastic welcome. Information was received
in the early part of the afternoon that they were
delayed in New York and would leave on the 3
o'clock train. Instant preparati6n was made to give
them a reception and collation. Major Mansfield and
the committee set zealously to work and were suc
cessful to a most flattering degree. Gen. Russell and
staff, the Horse Guard, Grays, Light Guard, City
Guard, Phoenix Hose No. 1, Neptune Hose No. 2,
formed on the green and marched to the head of the
wharf and met them. The usual forms of military
reception took place, when the procession marched
up State street in the following order :
Platoon of Police.
Horse Guard's Band.
Horse Guard.
City Guard.
Light Guard.
New Haven Grays.
Major Gen. Russell and Staff.
2 ist Regiment Band.
Phoenix Hose No. 1.
Neptune Hose No. 2.
15th Conn. Regt.
The line passed up State street to Chapel, to
Church, to Crown, to York, to Chapel, to Temple, to
the green, where it stacked arms and went into the
State House where, after taking their places around
the well loaded tables, his honor Mayor Scranton,
welcomed them in an able speech. In closing, he
said, 'We appreciate your sufferings and I return to
you in behalf of New Haven, of New Haven County,
and of the State, a cordial greeting. It is vain for me
to express the feelings of the citizens of Connecticut
toward these soldiers who without reward stood

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 153
between us and those who would take away our
dearest rights.'
The mayor then invited the boys to partake of the
refreshments which they did most effectually. The
following roster of officers returned with the regi
ment : Col. Charles L. Upham.
Lieut. Col. Samuel Tolles.
Adjutant Philip C. Rand.
Quartermaster Joseph C. Allen.
Surgeon H. V. C. Holcomb.
Asst. Surgeons — Edward O. Cowles, E. F. Hendricks.
Co. A — Lieut. A. P. Day, Lieut. Charles Harwood.
Co. B— Capt. T. R. Davis, Lieut. Charles S. Gray.
Co. C — Lieut. S. F. Linsley, Lieut. Frederic Elser.
Co. D — Capt. William C. Burgess, Lieut. Charles
Bowman. Co. E — Lieut. Heber Ives.
Co. F — Capt. Reuben Waterman, Lieut. David Hyde.
Co. G— Lieut. G M. Beach.
Co. H— Capt. Robert O. Bradley, Lieut. N. F. Bur-
ritt. Co. I — Capt. M. A. Buttricks, Lieut. Augustus
Roderiquez. Co. K — Capt. M. D. Munson, Lieut. John Hall."
That night most of the men scattered to their
homes. They came together again for final muster out
and payment July 12th, and after that, the 15th Conn.
Regiment, as an active organization, ceased to exist.
Summary of Regiment,
* The original roster of officers and men, . 1,022
Number of recruits added, . . 595

Total strength, ... ... 1,617

?Adjutant Gen. of Conn. Report 1866.

i54

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

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CHAPTER XIII.
REGIMENTAL REUNIONS.
PREPARED BY WALTER H. LORD, SECRETARY.
On October 2d, 1869, a few members of Co. I, 15th
Conn., living in New Haven, met by agreement to
arrange for a reunion of their company. A compari
son of views led them to change their intentions
however, and a general rally of the whole regiment
was advocated. To secure the latter result a com
mittee of three, Oscar P. Ives, Isaac Chamberlain and
James A. Church, was chosen to publish through the
local press a call for all ex-members of the regiment
to come together and consider the matter. In
response to this appeal about forty of the veterans
gathered a week or two later. Capt. M. A. Buttricks
was chosen chairman. It was unanimously voted to
hold a reunion, and Charles E. Hart, Walter H. Lord
and Zadoc R. Morse, were appointed to select the
time and place for such a meeting. This committee
a little later, named Wallingford, Conn., as the most
suitable place, and fixed the date as Nov. 29th, 1869.
Such were the preliminary steps taken toward provid
ing for that series of annual gatherings, which for a
quarter of a century have proven so delightful to the
veterans. FIRST REUNION.
Wallingford, Conn., Nov. 29, 1869.
The first reunion of the 15th Conn, regiment was
held to-day ; one hundred fifteen members were pres
ent. A business meeting was held in the Town Hall,
with Lieut. Col. Samuel Tolles, temporary chairman,
and Capt. M. A. Buttricks, secretary.

156 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Col. Tolles, on taking the chair, made a brief
address and in closing, urged the importance of form
ing a permanent organization. To accomplish this
a committee of one from each company was chosen to
report a plan.
Co. Co.
A. Philip C. Rand. F. Hobart Wright.
B. Charles D. Barnes. G. George Bryan.
C. Thomas Sherman. H. Henry C. Baldwin.
D. Justus Storer. I. Oscar P. Ives.
E. Charles R. Coan. K. Solomon F. Linsley.
This committee recommended that the organiza
tion be known as the 15 th Conn. Regiment Veteran
Association, and that the following officers be
chosen: Col. Charles L. Upham, .... President.
Lieut.-Col. Samuel Tolles, . Vice President.
Philip C. Rand,  Sec. and Treas.
The Rev. John B. Doolittle, . . Chaplain.
Dr. H. V. C. Holcomb, . . . . Surgeon.
Lieut. Julius B. Bissell, .... Historian.
The meeting endorsed the report and unani
mously elected the nominees. Adjournment was
then made to the Beach House for dinner. Landlord
Smith had provided a most excellent table ; tickets
$1.00. After dinner, speeches, stories, and general
rejoicing was in order, with such satisfaction to the
boys that future meetings were confidently assured.
SECOND REUNION.
New Haven, Conn., Aug. 2j, 1870.
The second reunion of the regiment, was held at
Light House Point. About two hundred of the mem
bers assembled in the morning at the State House,
New Haven Green, and led by Col. Tolles, marched
to Belle Dock where steam tugs were taken for the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

r57

•"Grove House." At the business meeting the old
officers were re-elected. An executive committee
was chosen to provide for the next reunion. The
dinner was furnished by Messrs. Bario & Prince ;
tickets $1.00 ; after this repast, came brief addresses
from Col. Tolles, Dr. Holcomb, Chaplain Doolittle,
Lieut. Johnston, Lieut. Linsley, Capt. Buttricks, Capt.
Davis and others. Sergt. Raffile also gave a recita
tion. The regiment returned to New Haven about
6 o'clock, and was marched to the Green and dis
missed. THIRD REUNION.
Savin Rock, Aug. 23, 1871.
About one hundred sixty of the veterans accom
panied by Felsburg's band, went down on the horse cars
to West Haven. The business session was held in
"Grove Palace," Col. C. L. Upham in the chair. The old
officers were re-elected with the substitution of Col.
Tolles as historian. An executive committee was
also chosen. There were present at the dinner table
one hundred seventeen. Tickets, $1.00. Following
dinner came the usual addresses. Lieut. Linsley
spoke of the propriety of erecting a monument to
the deceased members of the regiment, buried at New
Berne, N. C, and a committee of one from each com
pany was appointed to report on the matter. (Names
lost). Col. Tolles then read a brief history of the
regiment [see preface] for which he received the
thanks of the association. A pleasant feature of this
gathering was the presentation of a beautiful bouquet
of flowers to the veterans by the mother of the
lamented Major Osborne. FOURTH REUNION.
Meriden, Conn., Aug. 26, 1872.
This reunion was held by invitation of the Meri
den comrades at " Hemlock Grove." There was a
good attendance, one hundred seventy-three being

158 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
at the dinner table. Tickets $1.50. The following
officers were elected :
Justus Storer, . ... President.
William S. Beecher, . . . Vice President.
Philip C. Rand, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Henry C. Baldwin,  Historian.
The committee of arrangements for the next
meeting were Oscar P. Ives, Capt. M. A. Buttricks and
George W. Stoddard. FIFTH REUNION.
Light House Point, Aug. 2J, 187J.
The veterans assembled at the State House on
New Haven Green and escorted by Felsburg's band,
marched to Belle Dock and took the steamer " Novelty"
for Light House Point. From one hundred fifty to
one hundred seventy-five members went down on the
boat. The business meeting was called to order
by Vice President Beecher. The following officers of
the Association were then elected :
Col. C. L. Upham, . . . . President.
James A. Church, . . . Vice President.
P. C. Rand, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Col. Samuel Tolles, . ... Historian.
Enoch E. Rogers, .... . Chaplain.
Dr. H. V. C. Holcomb, . . . Surgeon.
After dinner, comrade H. C. Baldwin (historian)
was introduced and gave reminiscences of the regi
ment. He was followed by Col's Upham and Tolles,
Chap. Rogers, Capt. Buttricks and others ; one hun
dred forty -eight veterans sat down to the dinner.
Tickets seventy-five cents.
SIXTH REUNION.
North Haven, Conn., Aug. 25, 1874.
By invitation of the citizens of North Haven, the
Sixth Reunion was held there. The families of the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

159

veterans were invited to be present. The Hartford
City Band did the musical honors of the occasion.
The business session was presided over by Col.
Upham. The following officers were chosen for the
ensuing year :
Col. C. L. Upham,  President.
William F. Johnson, . . Vice President.
P. C. Rand, . Secretary and Treasurer.
The Rev. John B. Doolittle, . . Chaplain.
Willis Benedict,  Surgeon.
Col. Samuel Tolles,  Historian.
The death of Dr. Holcomb was mentioned, and a
committee to prepare appropriate resolutions was
appointed by the chair:
Col. Tolles, Capt. G. M. White,
Chaplain Doolittle.
The resolutions were as follows:
Whereas, we have been called to mourn the loss
by death of an estimable member of our association,
Surgeon H. V. C. Holcomb, of Branford, Conn., and
whereas, in his relations with the regiment as its sur
geon, as well as in his intercourse with us personally,
he entitled himself by his professional services to our
warmest gratitude, and by his unfaltering courage to
our respect and admiration therefore:
Resolved, That we hereby extend to the relatives
of our deceased comrade, and especially to her who
is widowed by his death, our sincere sympathy and
condolence in this affliction :
Resolved, That we will ever hold in grateful remem
brance the faithful and fearless service our surgeon
rendered us in times of peculiar trial, and the warm
heart which made his friendship as endearing as his
services were indispensable.
Brief addresses were made by Col. Tolles, Chap
lain Doolittle, and others. A vote of thanks was

160 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
tendered the North Haven comrades and the citizens
for their hospitality. One hundred seventy-one
members present. An assessment of fifty cents each
was made for regimental expenses.
SEVENTH REUNION.
Light House Point, Aug. 23, 1873.
About one hundred seventy-five of the members
of the Association took part in this reunion. All
sections of the State were represented. The assemb
ling place was New Haven Green, from thence to
Belle Dock and then a short sail on the Steamer
Pastime. The business meeting was held in the hall
of Messrs. Bario & Prince's restaurant, and the old
officers were re-elected. Previous to the dinner,
addresses were made by Col. Tolles, Capt. White,
Lieut. Linsley and others. The usual executive
committee was chosen. The dinner was very satis
factory. Tickets one dollar.
EIGHTH REUNION.
Guilford, Conn., Aug. 26, 1876.
By invitation of the comrades and ladies of Guil
ford the Association held its 8th reunion in that vil
lage. The visitors were met at the railroad station
by the Guilford Band and resident veterans, and
escorted to the M. E. Church, where the business
meeting was called to order by Col. Upham. The
following officers were unanimously elected :
Col. C. L. Upham,  President.
Col. Samuel Tolles, . . . Vice President.
John B. Doolittle,  Chaplain.
Willis Benedict,  Surgeon.
P. C. Rand, . . . Secretary and Treasurer.
H. C. Baldwin, . . .... Historian.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. t6i
It was voted that the secretary procure a suitable
volume and that hereafter members attending reunions
register their names where practicable. The dinner
(provided free) was all that could be asked for. Dur
ing its consideration, music and toasts were in order.
Col. Tolles, Chaplain Doolittle, Lieut. Linsley, W. S.
Beecher and others spoke. Private Henry Kelly was
present with his " Kellyope " and rendered several
selections upon it. An assessment of $1.00 each was
made. There were one hundred thirty-three at the
tables. NINTH REUNION.
Light House Point, Aug. 25, 1877.
The ninth reunion was marked by a rainy day, the
first in the series. About forty members drove down
from New Haven in stages. The business meeting
was held in a tent on the grounds: The old board
of officers was re-elected.
The dinner took the form of a " clambake '' and
proved an agreeable change. The small attendance,
however, cut down the usual festivities of such an
occasion, and the Association returned to New Haven
about 4 p. m. Forty-one present at dinner. Tickets
fifty cents. TENTH REUNION.
Light House Point, August 23, 1878.
The veterans gathered at the " Park House " in
New Haven for this reunion and took stages for des
tination. The " dinner call " was sounded at 1 o'clock
p. m., and one hundred thirty members responded.
A " clambake " was served in excellent style. An
assessment of seventy - five cents each was made.
Afterward the business meeting was called to order
by Capt. Davis, and the old board of officers was re
elected. Remarks were made by Historian Baldwin,
Quartermaster Kimball and others.

1 62 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
ELEVENTH REUNION.
Hartford, Conn., Sept. 17, 1879.
About one hundred members of the 15th Conn.
represented the regiment in Hartford, " Battle Flag
Day." A short business meeting was held and the
present officers were invited to hold over another
year. The colors of the Regiment were deposited
with those of the other commands in the State
House. TWELFTH REUNION.
Orange, Conn., Aug. 23, 1 880.
One of the pleasantest of the long list of reunions
was that held in Orange. The veterans arrived by
train from both directions, and a large portion of the
town was present to welcome them. The Ansonia band
furnished the music. A bouquet was deftly fastened
on each veteran's coat lappel as he arrived. The busi
ness meeting was held in the Congregational Church,
Col. Upham presiding, and the old officers were re
elected. The dinner was laid in a tent adjoining the
Town Hall and was the most liberal banquet the regi
ment ever sat down to. It was a magnificent tribute
by the ladies of Orange, and was appreciated to the
fullest extent by their visitors.
Adjournment was then made to the High School
room, where an hour was spent by the comrades in
intercourse with each other. Many brought their
wives. At 2 p. m. public services were held in the
Congregational Church which was crowded to its
fullest capacity. The Rev. E. C. Rogers presided and
read extracts from his war diary. A letter from ex-
chaplain John B. Doolittle, then preaching in Ne
braska, was read. Comrade C. A. Baldwin of the 27th
Conn, made a handsome speech. The warmest expres
sions of praise were given chairman Rogers and his
executive committee for the royal entertainment fur:
nished.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 163
THIRTEENTH REUNION.
High Rock Grove, Conn., Aug. 23, 1881.
This was the first "basket pic-nic" of the veterans
and their families. A special train carried the party
from New Haven, who met the Naugatuck Valley com
rades on the grounds. A large number were present.
The business meeting was called to order by Col.
Upham in the pavilion. The old officers were re-ap
pointed. Addresses were made by Capt. White, the
Rev. Eugene Atwood and others. Comrade H. C.
Baldwin read Frank Mosher's recollections of his
three years' service, for which the latter received a
vote of thanks. A letter was read from Chaplain
John B. Doolittle, stating he was in Nebraska and in
ill health. A purse of $50 was quickly made up for
him. FOURTEENTH REUNION.
Branford, Conn., Aug. 23, 1882.
By invitation of Mason Rogers Post, G. A. R., the
regiment held its 14th reunion in Branford. Eight
car loads of veterans and their families went over
from New Haven. The party was escorted to the
Town Hall, where the business meeting was held,
Col. Upham, presiding.
The following officers were elected :
Col. C. L. Upham, . . . President.
Capt. W. C. Burgess, . . . Vice President.
Philip C. Rand, . . . Sec. and Treas.
Henry G. Marshall,  Chaplain.
Willis Benedict,  Surgeon.
Capt. Geo. M. White,  Historian.
The dinner was free, and one hundred seventy-one
veterans sat down to it. Afterward addresses were
made by the Hon. N. D. Sperry, of New Haven, and
L. A. Dickinson, postmaster at Hartford. Brief re
marks were also made by members of the regiment.

1 64 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
FIFTEENTH REUNION.
Savin Rock, Conn., Aug. 24, 1883.
By invitation of the New Haven members, the
regiment went to Savin Rock to celebrate its reunion.
There was a large attendance. One hundred
eighty - nine comrades registered their names, but
four hundred seventeen men, women and children sat
down to dinner in Grove Palace.
The business meeting was called to order by Col.
Upham. The following comrades were elected
officers :
Capt. M. A. Buttricks, . . . President.
William S. Beecher, . . . Vice President.
P. C. Rand, . . . Secretary and Treasurer.
Chaplain John B. Doolittle was present from
Nebraska, and spoke feelingly of the tribute sent him
at the last reunion. The Hon. C. H. Pine, of Ansonia,
who was present by invitation, made a fine address,
followed by the Rev. E. S. Atwood, Henry C. Baldwin
and others. Comrade C. F. Beckley exhibited a
" hard tack " preserved since the war.
SIXTEENTH REUNION.
This gathering can hardly be denominated a
" reunion " within the meaning usually attached to
such gatherings by the veterans, and yet it was such
in point of fact and a very enjoyable one too. The
occasion was "Buckingham Day" at Hartford, June
1 8th, 1884. There was a large delegation of the 15 th
present, and headquarters were established on the
East Park. No business, however, was transacted.
SEVENTEENTH REUNION.
North Haven, Conn., Aug. 23, 1884.
North Haven for the second time extended a wel
come to the regiment. The attendance was less than
usual on account of bad weather, only one hundred
fourteen veterans being present. The business meet-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 165
ing was held in the forenoon in Linsley's Hall, Capt.
Buttricks presiding, at which the old officers were
re-elected. The matter of an accurate roster was
brought up by Col. Tolles, and endorsed by many
speakers. The president and secretary were in
structed to devise means to procure one. The treas
ury showed $95.11 on hand. Dinner was served by
the North Haven ladies in a large tent near the
Congregational Church. Afterward brief speeches
were made by Col. Tolles, Capt. E. A. Thorpe, Lieut.
Linsley and others. The dinner was free.
EIGHTEENTH REUNION.
Savin Rock, Conn., Aug. 20, 1883.
The veterans gathered in response to the annual
call at "The Massasoit House." The old board of
officers was re-elected. The dinner was served at
Twitchell's restaurant, and about one hundred mem
bers sat down to it. There was no regular order
of exercises, but during the afternoon several im
promptu speeches were made. A committee was
appointed to report upon the adoption of an Army
Corps badge. NINETEENTH REUNION.
Wallingford, Conn., Aug. 23, 1886.
The veterans assembled at Wallingford, it being
the second visit to that village. They were escorted
from the railroad depot by the Wallingford Cornet
band to "The Lake Grove Rink," an admirable place
for a reunion.
The business meeting was presided over by Capt.
Buttricks, and the following officers were chosen :
Col. Samuel Tolles, . ... President.
Lieut. A. P. Day, .... Vice President.
Capt. George M. White, .... Historian.
P. C. Rand, . . Secretary and Treasurer.
The Rev. D. Henry Miller, . . Chaplain.
Willis Benedict,  Surgeon.

1 66 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Comrade Beckley, chairman of committee on
corps badge, reported in favor of the 9th Army
Corps device. Capt. Geo. M. White announced the
death of Col. D. R. Wright, and a committee was
appointed to draft suitable resolutions, as follows :
Col. Samuel Tolles, Capt. Geo. M. White,
The Rev. D. Henry Miller.
[For the resolutions, see Chap. XIV — 2d Part.]
The dinner was furnished by the Wallingford
veterans and was a fine affair. After it was over,
addresses were in order. Comrade William J. Morse,
chairman of the committee, welcomed the veterans.
He was followed by Capt. Buttricks, Judge Hubbard,
Rev. D. Henry Miller and others. The meeting ad
journed with cheers and thanks for the citizens of
Wallingford One hundred forty-eight sat down
to the table. Cash in treasury $45.91.
TWENTIETH REUNION. o
Nezu Haven, Conn., Aug. 23, i8f7.
The 25th anniversary of the muster in of the
regiment was celebrated in the city of New Haven.
It was the first gathering of the veterans in
that place. The business meeting was held in the
Atheneum, Col. Tolles in the chair. The Columbian
Band, of Branford, supplied the music. The first
speaker was Col. Tolles, who referred to the days of
1862 and the volunteering of the regiment. His ad
dress was received with applause. The following
officers were then elected :
W. S. Beecher, . . .... President.
P. C. Rand,  Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Capt. George M. White, .... Historian.
Rev. D. Henry Miller,  Chaplain.
Adjournment was then made to Loomis' Hall,
where an elegant dinner was served by Deibel, the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 167
caterer. It was provided at the expense of the New
Haven boys, and was worthy of the occasion.
This repast concluded, literary exercises were
next in order. Capt. Lovejoy read a paper prepared
by Capt. White, on " Kinston." Chaplain Miller spoke
in a happy manner. Judge Henry E. Pardee and Eli
S. Quintard, two of the original recruiting committee,
were present and spoke. Judge Pardee exhibited one
of the original posters used in 1862 to induce volun
teers to fill up the ranks. Lieut. Julius C. Bissell was
present from Colorado, and made an able address.
Several letters of regret were read. Cash in treasury
$44.8i. TWENTY-FIRST REUNION.
Meriden, Conn., Aug. 23, 1888.
At the 20th reunion, Col. Upham very cordially
invited his command to meet in Meriden the follow
ing year. About the usual number of the veterans
attended. The business meeting was held in G. A. R.
Hall, President Beecher in the chair. The session
was opened with prayer by Chaplain Doolittle. The
following officers were elected :
George W. Stoddard,  President.
William H. Catlin, .... Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Rev. Henry G. Marshall, . . . Chaplain.
Captain George M. White, . . . Historian.
Comrade Stoddard declined the nomination, and
James A. Church was elected in his place. The
new regimental roster book was shown, and was
approved by all interested. A vote of thanks was ten
dered Col. Tolles and Capt. White for their energy
and persistence in completing the volume. Dinner
was laid at " The Winthrop" in Landlord Crane's best
style, and was at the expense of the Meriden veterans.
A corps of ladies served the viands in dainty style.
Cash in treasury $100.

1 68 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
DEATH OF LIEUT. -COL. SAMUEL TOLLES.
Pursuant to a call issued by the president of the
Association, a meeting of the veterans was held in
New Haven, January 16, 1889, to take action upon the
death of Col. Tolles. It was voted to attend in a body,
and that the usual badge of mourning be worn. The
following comrades were appointed bearers :
Col. C. L. Upham, Capt. George M. White
Capt. Theodore R. Davis, Capt. M. A. Buttricks.
The funeral service was held in the First M. E.
Church, and the body buried in the Grove street cem
etery. [The minutes of committee on resolutions,
etc., cannot at this date be found.]
TWENTY-SECOND REUNION.
Naugaluck, Conn., Aug. 24, 1889.
Naugatuck was chosen as the scene of this
reunion. Co. H was largely recruited from that
vicinity, and the boys were on hand with band and
drum corps to welcome their comrades. Isbell Post,
G. A. R., and the Sons of Veterans did escort duty.
The business meeting was held in the Opera
House, President Church in the chair. A new feature
was introduced by the secretary in the announcement
of the deaths, so far as known, in the Association
during the past year.
The election of officers then followed :
Henry C. Baldwin,  President.
Solomon F. Linsley, . . . Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Capt. George M. White, . . . Historian.
Rev. Harvey E. Burns  Chaplain.
The party then adjourned to the basement of the
Congregational Church for dinner. It was a magnifi
cent sight. The Woman's Relief Corps assisted.
Later, the Association reassembled in the Opera
House, where the afternoon was spent in reminis
cences and addresses. Among the speakers were the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 169
Rev. Mr. Blackman, Capt. T. R. Davis, Capt. M. A.
Buttricks, Lieuts. Linsley and Burritt, Chaplain Mar
shall, Comrades Stoddard, Williams, and others.
Comrade Saxe, of the 4th N. Y. Cavalry, being
present, made a very witty address. Mr. L. P. Hatch
recited a poem and also sang several selections,
greatly to the pleasure of his listeners. It was one of
the best gatherings ever held. Cash in treasury,
$78.63. [special.]
death of capt. theodore r. davis, jan. 12, 1890.
At a meeting of the Association Jan. 14, 1890,
called to take action on the death of Capt. Davis, the
following comrades were appointed a committee to
prepare a suitable expression of the feelings of the
regiment. Capt. George M. White, George W. Stoddard,
Peter E. Bowman.
It was further voted that the usual badge of
mourning be worn, and that the Association receive
the body of Capt. Davis on its arrival from Brooklyn.
On the day of the funeral there was a goodly number
of the veterans in attendance. The bearers were
Lieut. C. F. Bowman, Capt. William C. Burgess, Peter
E. Bowman, George W. Stoddard, John R. Turner,
Capt. M. A. Buttricks.
The following resolutions were published in the
daily press, and also transmitted to Mrs. Davis:
"The sudden death of Capt. Theodore R. Davis,
which occurred at his home in Brooklyn, N. Y., on
Jan. 12th, 1890, brings peculiar sadness and a sense
of deep personal loss to every surviving member of
the 15th Conn. Volunteers. In the years of war ser
vice and in all subsequent acquaintance and inter
course, Capt. Davis had by his noble qualities of mind
and heart, by his brave, genial and manly spirit, and

170 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
by that peculiar charm which perfect open hearted
frankness gives to personality, endeared himself to
each and all of his old comrades in arms as one whose
friendship was in itself a possession well worth pre
serving. Among the youngest of the officers of the
regiment in which he served, he was yet among the
best loved, and it would have been a happiness to all
could he have been among the last to gather at the
annual reunions, where the circle of survivors con
stantly grows less. Our most heart-felt sympathy is
tendered his bereaved family by his surviving com
rades of the war." TWENTY-THIRD REUNION.
Savin Rock, Conn., Aug. 23, 1890.
The attractions of the shore again drew the vet
erans to this famous locality. The business meeting
was presided over by President Baldwin. The fol
lowing board of officers was chosen :
Solomon F. Linsley,  President.
Charles F. Bowman, .... Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . . Secretary and Treasurer.
The Rev. D. H. Miller, .... Chaplain.
Capt. George M. White, . . . Historian.
Dinner was laid in " Grove Palace," and was
done full justice to by the veterans. Afterward all
adjourned to the room above, for the customary
speeches, etc. President Linsley introduced Capt. M.
A. Buttricks as toast-master, who called on the Rev.
Harvey E. Burns to respond to " Our Dead." The
Rev. Eugene S. Atwood spoke to the sentiment " Our
Kickers." The Rev. D. Henry Miller eulogized the
late Capt. Davis in fitting words. President Linsley
gave some special recollections of "Fun in Camp."
Secretary Lord also read some items culled from
the roster of the regiment. Cash in treasury
$106.18.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. I7i
TWENTY-FOURTH REUNION.
Savin Rock, Conn., August 23, 1891.
A goodly attendance marked this gathering. The
veterans assembled on the Green at the corner of
Church and Chapel streets, going down from thence by
horse cars. The exercises of the day were held in
Miller's Beach Pavilion. President Linsley was in the
chair. The annual election of officers resulted as follows:
Charles D. Barnes,  President.
George L. Minor, .... Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer.
The Rev. D. Henry Miller, . . Chaplain.
Capt. George M. White, .... Historian.
The matter of the next reunion received consider
able discussion. Capt. Buttricks, Chap. Miller, Capt.
White, Capt. Lovejoy, President Linsley and others
favored the selection of "Camp Chase," on Arlington
Heights, Va., as the spot, and the time at such date in
September during the Grand Army encampment in
Washington, as should be most favorable. A com
mittee was appointed to make suitable arrangements
to this effect.
The " dinner call " was now sounded and the vet
erans " fell in " with the old-time readiness. It was a
good square meal. After it was finished informal
remarks by members were made. A collection of
$60.00 was raised for Chap. Doolittle, of Nebraska.
A vote of thanks was tendered the Executive Com
mittee and the meeting adjourned. Cash in treasury
$123.03. [special.]
death of capt. george m. white.
A special meeting of the Association to take action
upon the death of Capt. George M. White, was held

172

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

in New Haven, Dec. 24, 189 1. A committee was raised
to draft resolutions expressive of the sorrow of the
regiment. Walter H. Lord, John N. Leonard,
Capt. Frank M. Lovejoy.
The Association also voted to attend the funeral
of their comrade, and the following persons were
selected as bearers :
William Sr. Beecher, George W. Stoddard,
John N. Leonard, James A. Church,
Oscar P. Ives, Walter H. Lord.
It was further decided to send a delegation of the
regiment to his late home, on the morning of the
funeral, the same to act as a guard of honor.
The resolutions transmitted were as follows :
Whereas, It has pleased an all-wise Providence to
remove our loved comrade and friend, Capt. George
M. White, from the scene of his earthly labors, and
as we believe to install him in a higher and more
noble sphere; therefore
Resolved, That we bear in grateful remembrance
his many soldierly qualities in camp and in field, his
unselfish devotion to duty under all circumstances,
and his patriotic love of country, which was inherited
in his very nature, and so continued until his final
summons. Whether as a humble citizen or holding a
position of public trust, he was ever conspicuous in
his genuine manhood and devotion to every duty
imposed upon him.
Resolved, That while we bow in meek submission to
the Divine decree we also .ask that the same Divine
aid may be extended to the widow and children of
our deceased comrade.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 173
Resolved, As a token of respect this Association in a
body attend the funeral ceremonies of our late
comrade. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, suitably
engrossed be presented to the family of the deceased,
and also that the same be spread upon the records of
this association. TWENTY-FIFTH REUNION.
Washington, D. C, Sept. 20, 1892.
This reunion was held in the 2d Regt. Armory,
9th street and Penn. Avenue, in the afternoon. The
members of the regiment were so greatly scattered
that it was a reunion only in name. The meeting
was called to order by Capt. Buttricks, and it was
voted to continue the present board of officers, and
that the next reunion be held in the vicinity of New
Haven. Cash in treasury $65.22.
Many of the veterans of the 15th took this oppor
tunity to re-visit Washington. Admiral Foote Post,
No. 17, G. A. R., furnished a large battalion in the
parade. Co. I, Walter H. Lord, Captain, had thirty-
two men in line, all 15th veterans. Their marching
was a wonder not only to the spectators but to them
selves, that after so many years men could align
themselves with so much exactness. The next day a
portion of the 15th visited Arlington Heights, a few
members going as far south as Fredericksburg, Suf
folk, Va., and Kinston and New Berne, N. C.
TWENTY-SIXTH REUNION.
The twenty-sixth reunion was held, by invitation
¦of the citizens, at Milford, Conn., August 25, 1893.
Van Horn Post, G. A. R., headed by the local cornet
band, did escort duty. The business meeting was held
in the old M. E. Church, with President Barnes in the
chair. A committee of one from each company was

i74

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

appointed to select a board of officers and present
their names to the meeting. This was done, and the
following gentlemen were unanimously elected :
William R. Mackay, . ... President.
Oscar P. Ives,  Vice President.
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer.
Sheldon B. Thorpe,  Historian.
Charles F. Beckley,  Surgeon.
The Rev. Eugene Atwood, . . . Chaplain.
Attention being called to the fact that the Associ
ation's flag was rarely carried at reunions, it was
voted that the secretary assume its custody and here
after detail a comrade to bear it at future meetings.
Lieut. Linsley invited the regiment to meet the fol
lowing year at North Haven, which invitation was
accepted and a committee of arrangements appointed.
Perhaps the most important item of business at this
reunion was the selection of a committee to erect a
monument at New Berne, N. C, in honor of the dead
of the regiment buried in the National Cemetery
there. The following comrades were chosen :
Field and Staff, Col. Charles L. Upham.
Co. Co.
A. William H. Catlin. G. George H. Bryan.
B. Charles D. Barnes. H. Lieut. Newell F. Bur-
C. Joel Griffin. ritt.
D. Martin Allen. I. James A. Church.
E. Charles Griswold. K. John B. Mix.
F. George Couch.
Dinner was furnished by the ladies of Milford,
free, in the Town Hall; it was elegantly laid and a
model of its kind. Afterwards the veterans assem
bled in the shade near the hall, where the afternoon
was spent in good fellowship, with brief addresses,
music, etc., etc.

Lieut. William Thompson.

CHAPTER XIV.
PART I.
corporal smith's boiled tongue — the " smoke-out "
at "red house"  bill nichols' boots  the burned
tent at fairfax seminary  barnes' incident at
kinston  gen. casey's failure to promote col.
wright — Gideon's band — o'connor's raid — capt.
buttrick's reveries — the captain's lost rations
— stoddard's recollections — catlin's incident
at long bridge — lieut. day's narrative.
The following chapter is added by request, as
essential to this history. The "off duty " side of a
soldier's life has frequently for him an interest which
a routine narrative of events cannot give. Let the
veteran therefore light his pipe and read these frag
ments through the haze of its smoke, not for what
they are in themselves, but for what they may suggest.
CORPORAL SMITH'S BOILED TONGUE.
Corporal Smith, of K, purchased a beef tongue at
considerable expense, while at Fredericksburg, and
on a fine evening invited a few comrades to assist in
eating it. It was put in a camp kettle and hung over
the cook's fire. When nearly cooked, along comes
Jack Johnson, of the same company (who had not been
bidden to the feast) with a kettle precisely similar,
and sought permission to place it over the fire to
heat some water. Behold then the two kettles side
by side merrily boiling and enveloped in steam.
While Smith's attention was diverted a moment John
son deftly changes the kettles ; shortly he perceives
the water is hot and thanking Smith profusely for
the accommodation retires with his kettle to his tent.
Ten minutes later Smith likewise seeks his quarters
and joyously bids his chums to the supper. Tableau!

176 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
THE " SMOKE-OUT " AT RED HOUSE.
Sergt. Towner relates how some of the boys fast
ened the door and stopped up the chimney of his
" shanty " one night while at Red House picket
station. Towner and his companions were thor
oughly " smoked " before they could get out. Sus
pecting Sergeants Finnigan and Smith they retaliated
on them and it is said the two latter gentlemen were
not dressed for company when they finally burst the
door and gained the fresh air. Now soldiers are nat
urally generous and these comrades couldn't think of
not sharing their good fortune with the rest of their
comrades quartered in an old house near by, so they
likewise "smoked" them nearly to suffocation. O
what a racket ! Major Osborne and the whole reserve
turned out to see what was the matter. It was said
some of the lads couldn't see anything for a week
afterward. BILL NICHOLS' BOOTS.
While at Portsmouth, Va., Lieut. C, of Co. I,
detailed Private Nichols to go to Norfolk on an
errand. This is the way Nichols relates it:
Lieut. — "Bill, I want you to go to Norfolk."
Nichols — "I can't go."
Lieut. — " What's the reason ? "
Nichols — " Hav'nt any boots."
Lieut. — " What's that got to do about it ?"
Nichols — "There's a long stretch of water; don't
want to get my feet wet this cold weather."
Lieut. — " Bill, you go to Capt. Buttrick's tent ; he
has three or four pairs ; help yourself."
Nichols — " But what will the cap'n say ? "
Lieut. — " Who cares what he says; Bill, go and get a
pair of boots and go to Norfolk."
[Two weeks later.]
Lieut. — " Bill, where are my boots ? "
Nichols — " Don't know anything about your boots."

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 177
Lieut. — " •  ¦  — you've got them on your feet."
Nichols — " Not much, they are mine.
Lieut. — " Do you think I don't know my own
boots?" Nichols — ¦" Don't you think I know mine ? "
Lieut. — " Bill if you don't pull 'em off I will tell
the captain and have you put in the guard -house."
[Enter Capt. B.]
Capt. — " Bill, what's the matter with you and
Lieut. C?"
Lieut.—" Bill, tell it straight."
So Nichols " told it straight '' but it was at the
Lieut's expense ; the biter was bitten, and a pair of
ten dollar boots was the forfeit. Nichols wore them
out. THE BURNED GUARD TENT AT FAIRFAX SEMINARY.
Who of the veterans remembers the burning of
the Sibley tent at Fairfax Seminary ? Three suspi
cious looking characters in citizens' dress had been
brought in from the front and for the want of a better
place had been confined in a Sibley tent and a special
guard posted. The night was bitterly cold and a fire
was burning in the cylinder stove used in tents of
that description. By some means a spark caught at
the top near the iron ring and in a few minutes the
canvas burned away, letting the heavy tent fall with
a crash on the prisoners. The outside was staked
down firmly and the center was on fire, with the
prisoners rolling and howling under the canvas in
their attempt to escape. The situation, not at all dan
gerous, was ludicrous in the extreme, as may be
imagined. The writer can still see the waltzing
figures going through antics under that tent which
have never been paralleled since. When the cap
tives were finally released a more frightened trio
never stood on the soil of Virginia. They verily be
lieved they were about to be burned alive by the
"Yanks."

178 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
AN INCIDENT OF THE BATTLE OF KINSTON.
So soon as our right wing was broken through by
Gen. Hoke, one of his first acts was the capture of the
3d N. Y. Battery. The latter had just taken a new
position under orders from Col. Upham, but had not
opened when they swooped down upon it. Its horses
were disabled in a moment and the men prisoners.
Sergeant Barnes, of Co. B, who was in the act of load
ing his rifle, chanced to observe a rebel officer cutting
a horse loose from one of the caissons. Barnes had
inserted the cartridge in his musket and while
extending his ramrod to send it home, the latter was
struck by some flying missile and knocked from his
hand. Turning to a comrade (Plant) he borrowed
his ramrod, and in a second the piece was loaded.
Plant handed him a cap and, without drawing the
ramrod, Barnes fired at the officer as he was mount
ing the artillery horse ; the Confederate fell with his
foot caught in the stirrup, and the animal, now
thoroughly frightened, ran, dragging the unfortunate
man over the field. That the victim was an officer
of some high rank, Barnes always felt confident from
his manner and his uniform, but was never able to
learn whether he was killed or merely disabled.
GENERAL CASEY'S FAILURE TO SECURE A BRIGADIER'S
STAR FOR COL. WRIGHT.
It has been a matter of much speculation why the
Provisional Brigade formed by order of Gen. Casey,
at Fairfax Seminary, was so unceremoniously dis
solved at Fredericksburg, Va., in 1862, for up to the
hour of reaching camp at the latter city, both officers
and men supposed that the relations existing between
Col. Wright and the regiments he had led on that
long, cold march through Maryland, would still con
tinue. It came therefore, as a great surprise when a
change was ordered.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 179
Chance led to the new brigade formation. Gen.
Casey had become warmly attached to Col. Wright
and. the gallant 15th C. V. He was impressed
with the morals of the men and the efficiency and
zeal of their officers. It was certainly the greatest
compliment that he could have paid to the timber of
the Lyon Regiment and to the justness of the pride
of New Haven County in its formation, to retain it
longer at Washington than was necessary and usual
to retain the new regiments pouring into the National
Capital. And further, Gen. Casey promised Col.
Wright all his influence for the early bestowal of a
commission as brigadier-general, and the chance that
brought together upon the field of Fredericksburg,
the 8th, nth, 16th and 21st Conn., and other regi
ments of those states from which the remaining
regiments of the Provisional Brigade were recruited,
was all that prevented the bestowal of the star so
coveted by every colonel in the service and by the
loyal boys of the 15th, for their colonel and their
other officers who would have been upon his staff.
For in accordance with the policy at that time of
brigading, so far as possible, the regiments from the
same State, the Provisional Brigade formed by Gen.
Casey was broken up and to the surprise and disap
pointment of the 15th, Col. Wright found his regi
ment attached to one of the older and numerically
weaker brigades, of which Gen. Harland, whose com
mission ranked Col. Wright's by a few months, was
placed in command. This change proved in the end
to have so deferred the promised promotion of Col.
Wright that his expectations were never realized, as
his injury sustained at Alexandria resulted in his
turning over the command to Lieut.-Col. Tolles, and
his furlough and resignation from the service. Thus
the 15th lost the fame of higher rank for its com
mander.

180 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
GIDEON'S BAND.
FROM RECOLLECTIONS OF REGIMENTAL SECRETARY, LORD.
Members of Co. I will recall that comrade of theirs
gifted with such marvelous knowledge concerning
future movements of the regiment, and in some cases
of the army itself. They could never understand the
sources of his wonderful information (?) So soon as
any camp rumor began to spread, the question would
be asked, "Who said so?" and the reply would fol
low, "Sergt. Jones." That settled it! Now in addi
tion to this gift of foresight our sergeant possessed
another acquisition almost as valuable, a great ear
for vocal music. Under his guidance a number of
genial comrades, alike charmed with the possibilities
of the human voice, united themselves in an organi
zation known as "Gideon's Band." They were musi
cally minded — or at least they thought so — and dis
coursed their plaintive melodies at all times and in
all places. Now it chanced that on one fair evening
while at Suffolk, they hied themselves to the com
missary's tent near brigade headquarters and pro
ceeded to make merry. A small supply of "hard tack "
and a liberal portion of fire-water were thoughtfully
provided to ward off any charge of inhospitality.
Lieut. — not of the 15th — officer of the guard, was
called in and at their expense sat down to the feast.
He partook bountifully of the wine and the drink
ables and, after giving a brilliant exhibition of " chin
fireworks," left them to their revelry. It was truly
a soulful occasion. As their lungs expanded with
music, and their stomachs swelled under the fire
water treatment their energies were redoubled until
it seemed as if the very angels must pause to listen;
if the latter didn't, Gen. Harland did and summoning
the officer of the guard (their guest) unfeelingly
ordered the chamber concert closed. Judge then the
consternation when this minion appeared at the door

Lieut, Heber S. Ives.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 181
of the tent and in a sorrowful manner announced
that, by order of Gen. Harland, he placed them all
under arrest. What a cruel, cruel edict ! Some of them
escaped or attempted to, but finally were " rounded
up " and taken to the officers' quarters for the night's
keeping. Such an ignoble ending of a concert was
never known before. At dress parade the next after
noon their entertainment was referred to very touch-
ingly in " general orders " and the non-commissioned
officers were deprived of their " stripes," but, — owing
to the good record of the men, the same general
orders restored them again with the injunction to be
more careful in future when they let themselves out.
As for the Lieut., his scalp was anxiously sought for
a good many moons, though it did not appear that
the poor fellow was to blame. Occasionally at a
reunion in these late days is heard the mysterious
query, " What band ? " and the answer is solemnly re
turned " Gideon's ! "
o'connor's raid on the railroad between new berne
and morehead city.
The name of O'Connor, who was the most fiendish
guerrilla the Southern Confederacy gave birth to, was
rarely mentioned except with dread by the Union
forces. His infernal gang continually hovered about
our lines, sometimes mounted and sometimes not,
shooting our pickets, capturing outposts, raiding
weak defences and terrorizing things generally. In
some manner he learned that Gen. Palmer, then in
command of the Department of New Berne, was
accustomed to go daily to Morehead City, where he
lodged, and return by train next morning. O'Connor
therefore planned his capture. Thus it came about
that one morning, about 9 o'clock, as the train was
proceeding on its way toward New Berne, having just
passed Croatan station, the passenger car suddenly
left the rails and plunged along the sleepers. At the

182 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
same moment fire was opened from the woods and the
rebel yell was heard. The bumping of the car broke
its coupling, and the engineer seeing the situation,
put on steam for New Berne, leaving the car and its
occupants to their fate. The trap had been laid with
some cunning. During the previous night the spikes
had been drawn from one of the rails and a stout rope
attached to it, leading into the dense woods at the
side where was concealed a party of O'Connor's force.
It was the expectation of the latter to draw the rail
aside and ditch the entire train, but by some miscal
culation the engine passed over the break and was
saved. Luckily Gen. Palmer was not on the train, but
three men ofthe 15th were, Corporals French and Mor
gan, of D, and Thallman, of I. These were quickly
gobbled up and their captors, knowing a host would
be at their heels when the alarm reached New Berne,
hurried their prisoners across the Neuse river and
back into the country. They marched all day. The
guerrilla chief occasionally flourished his revolver
about his victims' heads, and as he frequently shot a
bird from a limb at a surprising long range, confiden
tially informed them that " the surest way to kill a
Yank was to hold the gun near enough to his head to
singe the hair." While they expected certain death
they nevertheless put on a bold face, jeering and good
naturedly blackguarding him in turn. This was un
doubtedly the best policy. The day came to an end and
a bivouac was made in a dense forest of pines. The
prisoners were not bound but they had no oppor
tunity to confer with each over any attempted escape.
The night was one of the darkest North Carolina
ever knew. The fire had died down until it gave
little or no light. Morgan thought he saw his chance.
Turning he said " Connor, you ¦  ¦ give me some
tobacco." The guerrilla, struck by the boldness of
the request was partially thrown off his guard and as
he was about to comply, Morgan stepped aside into

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 183
the darkness and was off in a second. How soon he
was missed he never knew. No attempt was made to
follow him for no one knew the direction he took.
Fortunately he struck the road in a few minutes and
ran for his life as he supposed toward the Neuse
river. In this he was not disappointed. Daylight
found him at that stream, and signaling a Union tug
with his shirt, he was taken on board and landed at
New Berne. His comrades were afterward paroled
and returned to the regiment.
CAPT. BUTTRICKS' REVERIES.
November 10, 1893 — On this pleasant evening I
find myself sitting in my easy chair, my thoughts
going back to the days of 1862, when in all the pride
and enthusiasm of young manhood I listened to what
I still believe to have been the call of duty and
enrolled myself among those who were to constitute
the good, brave, and exceptionally moral regiment of
Conn. I lent my best efforts in raising perhaps the
best company, so far as good morals go, that com
posed the old 15th C. V., for assuredly no one
will contradict this assertion, that Co. I was noted
for its strict integrity and stern morality; if so, I can
point with confidence to one still living, who holds a
responsible position in the city of New Haven, and
say to such a doubter : go ask Bill Nichols if Co. I
was not honest, and strictly moral.
Was ever a lost dog, or an absent minded rooster
traced to Co. I? Never; all traces of such property
was sure to be lost before the search could reach that
point. How well do I remember my own ignorance of
military matters. On our arrival at Camp Chase, I was
convinced that I did not know the difference between
"left face "and "break files to the rear," and when
that famous expression was made, " Augustus, bring
my book," I am sure it voiced the unspoken thoughts

1 84 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
of every commissioned officer of the regiment.
There occurs to me now a little incident that hap
pened at Camp Chase, when two of the members of
Co. I, who had been relieved from guard duty, on a
certain morning, concluded that they would not per
form the customary act of police duty in the company
street, and so notified the orderly sergeant, who at
once reported the fact to the Lieut, commanding the
company. Now Charlie Foote and Billy Hubbard, in
the simplicity of their nature, presuming upon their
kinship with the lieutenant, took the bold stand that
they would not obey the tyrannical orders of the
orderly sergeant, and so informed the commanding
officer, and appealed to him for protection. Poor
deluded, unsophisticated youths, they appealed in
vain, the lieutenant gave his cousins their choice:
police duty, or the guard house. Charlie kicked,
Billy growled, but they submitted, and afterward
admitted that they had learned a needed lesson.
In conversation to-day, with one of the members
of the old 15th, my thoughts went back to the days
of '63 ; during that summer the regiment was
ordered to South Mills, N. C, where we spent
a delightful time. In October we were ordered
out on a scouting expedition, a distance of perhaps
forty miles, for the purpose, as was supposed,
of intercepting a lot of guerrillas that were known to
be somewhere in the vicinity. As a matter- of course
the object of the expedition was successfully accom
plished and the regiment started on its return. It
was found necessary to go into camp somewhere on
the road, and a place was selected near some farm
houses. The proper guards and pickets were sta
tioned and Capt. Buttricks detailed as officer of the
day. All went well until nearly morning when word
was brought to the officer of the day that foraging on
a large scale was going on among the poultry yards
near the camp. Now, Capt. Buttricks commanding

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 185
the good and moral company of the regiment, could
not endure the thought that stealing hens and other
innocent birds should take place while he was on
duty. He hastened to the scene of trouble and met
a number of members of the regiment but all
appeared to be innocent of any participation in any
wrong doing, and they gravely assured the captain
that they had not seen a feather ; each man, however,
carried something in his arms which the credulous
captain conceived to be merely fire wood for their
morning fire. He thought he heard voices and sur
mised that one voice was that of Sergt. Church, of
Co. I. He called out, "Jim, is that you?" and heard
the reply in the affirmative. He then inquired " Are
there any of Co. I with you, and have you anything
to do with this chicken raid?" Sergt. Church
replied, " Captain, there are a number of Co.
I here but they are all asleep, and not a
chicken amongst us,'- at the same time whispering
in a voice loud enough to be heard all over camp,
" Doc. Lord, you blamed chump, tie a string around
that goose or you'll give us all away." Capt. Buttricks
retired satisfied that it had been a false alarm and
that his own company of honest, moral men had not
laid dishonest hands on any rebellious chickens.
When the regiment formed the next day to return to
camp at South Mills it was observed that beginning
at the right and extending to the left of the regiment
every company carried as a trophy of the night's
operations some kind of a southern bird, not all of
them being purely song birds, although they could
furnish a great and varied amount of noise. Co. I
presented about the following: Doc. Lord, one goose
with a neck fully 30 inches long and feathers so
ruffled as to convey the idea that it had been nearly
strangled in the effort to preserve quiet; Sergt.
Church, one goose and one duck, both having very
sore throats and apparently disgusted with the wicked

1 86 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
war, and the prowling " Yanks ; " Billy Hubbard, one
large sized he duck that made more noise than seven
teen bass drums; Lieut. Roderiquez, one goose very
much discouraged, while the champion hen persuader,
Bill Nichols, had both arms full of undressed fowls,
all of which he successfully brought into camp. No
man can say with truth that any southern fowl ever
got away from Bill Nichols.
Inquiries were made of Capt. Buttricks whether
anything had been taken from the farm houses the
night before. The captain gravely asserted that all
was quiet and exceedingly orderly.
Three men of Co. I, on arrival at camp were how
ever in trouble, they had too many fowls for imme
diate consumption and they dared not keep them in
camp, for they lost confidence in the honesty of some
of the other companies, so they went to the cabin of
a respectable colored lady a short distance from camp
and arranged to have her board them until called for,
and generously paid her for the board in advance.
In the course of two weeks they decided that a turkey
dinner would be in order, and with appetites well
sharpened they went for their precious .property. It
is needless to say that they found not the colored
lady; she had gone visiting friends in Virginia. They
found not the chickens, they were not there; they
found not the turkey, he had disappeared; they dis
covered not the goose,it had also gone to parts unknown ;
they found not the ducks, they too had departed and
the place that did know them knew them no more.
Were the boys mad ? Oh no, Church, Lord and Oscar
Ives were simply grieved to think how very dishonest
some people of the colored race could be, when fowls
were in the question.
Most of these men are still living and have doubt
less fully repented of any wrong doing they may
have been guilty of, and are now living lives of use
fulness and respectability, but if I was a hen I would
keep out of the reach of police officer Bill Nichols. B.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

THE CAPTAIN S LOST RATIONS.
Guard duty was not generally a service sought
after, yet when performed under favorable circum
stances it had its sunny side (in the day time), and
was not esteemed an especial hardship. There was a
wide difference among the captains as to what con
stituted the most efficient duty in this line, conse
quently at daily "guard mount" it came at length
to be a matter of curiosity as to who would be
"officer of the day." Some were inclined to be lax,
others were easy with the guard yet held it well in
hand, while a third number were disposed to exact
the full " pound of flesh " on every occasion.
Among the latter was one, a severe martinet, who
despite his rigor, did not appear to have a better dis
ciplined company than many a brother officer per
haps more liberal. Be that as it may, the occasion in
mind occurred on one of the many raids made from
New Berne in 1864. Captain  was made " Officer
of the day " when the expedition was on its second
morning out. Strict orders (as usual) had been
issued against foraging, but as the inarch was not
resumed early and no one (not even Sergt. Jones)
could tell when it would be, the boys became a bit
restless because it was rumored that just outside
camp an old farmer lived who had poultry and other
"fixins" for sale. The temptation was too strong
and some of the more venturesome of the lads man
aged to get the wrong side of the lines just to
"stretch themselves" as was wont to be said.
The opportunity was not wasted and on their
return they had managed to accumulate a big stock
of provisions. Now instructions to all guards
require equal caution to be observed in permitting
entrance into camp as well as departure from it, and
if such a thing could be, to be more vigilant in
respect to the former than the latter, hence it calls for

1 88 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
considerable strategy by the would-be " runner " to
get safely in. Thus our heroes approached a point
in the lines where they regarded it safe to come
through. It was a motley procession. Hanging
about their necks, and clinging to them in various
places, were chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys gar
nished with eggs, bacon, vegetables, etc., etc.
Unluckily the aforesaid " officer of the day " was
making an unexpected round and observed through
the bushes the approach of the foragers. They were
arrested at once and with their plunder were marched
up and down the camp as a warning to all would-be
offenders. It was in vain that the victims declared
they had bought (?) the supplies. Justice would not
be satisfied with the plea, particularly as there had
not been a pay-day in months, and when parade was
ended all were required to deposit their spoils at the
officer's quarters.
It was a royal collection of eatables — and as the
goods could not well be returned, and as it would be
extremely demoralizing for the rank and file to con
sume them, our captain conceived the brilliant.
policy of asking his brother officers to breakfast next
morning, and the invitations were accordingly sent
out. During the night some graceless wretch or
wretches noiselessly "drew" these rations from
their repository and " issued " them to their comrades
without an order. What was the captain's wrath
next morning when the raid was discovered ? Did
he not array himself in his best sword and stride up
and down the company streets ? Every cook was
busy; the delightful odors of ham, pork, chicken,
eggs, beef, all cooking, met him on every hand, but
alas, his own "cupboard was bare." To cap the cli
max he found the " field staff and line " all waiting
for his return. The lesson was a salutary one. He
was obliged to dismiss his guests without any bene
diction. A little later however, a generous meal was

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 189
sent him of the confiscated materials, and thereafter
the boys had no more trouble when he was officer of
the day.
COL. TOLLES AND CAPTS. WHITE AND BUTTRICKS GO FISH
ING IN LAKE DRUMMOND.
FROM RECOLLECTIONS OF GEORGE W. STODDARD, CO. B.
This incident happened while a part of the regi
ment was on duty patrolling the Dismal Swamp
canal. Col. Tolles was in command of the detach
ment. The time hung rather heavy on the officers'
hands and various ways were devised to give it inter
est. Among other schemes, Capt. White figured it
out one day that there must be good fishing in Lake
Drummond. It was a happy thought. In the fullness
of his heart he invited Col. Tolles and Capt. Buttricks
to accompany him and to score an unquestioned suc
cess Bill Nichols was put in charge of it. Never
was a better selection made. " Bill " procured the
boat, the fishing tackle, the lunch, and a canteen of
" snake-bite cure " (for water snakes), and now see
them gaily getting away in the early morning, the
breeze gently fanning their whiskers and their noble
craft bounding forward for the fishing grounds under
Master Nichols' guidance.
In due season the juniper colored waters of Lake
Drummond were reached and the anchor was let go
with a plunge where Nichols had seen the ripples
made by the bull-heads waiting to bite. But alas for
the fishermen noon came and went and not a solitary
nibble had they felt, except at the canteen. The sun
was hot, the breeze had gone and so were the bull
heads. Col. Tolles gave up in disgust, and in spite of
Sailing Master Nichols' assertion that when the tide
turned the fish would bite, took off his big military
boots and under the soothing influence of a " lemon
ade " stretched himself out for a nap. Time passed;

190 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Capt. Buttricks fished; Capt. White looked for snakes;
Col. Tolles snored, and — Bill softly sung:
" They made her a grave too cold and damp,
For a heart so wann and true;
And she's gone to the lake of the Dismal Swamp,
Where all night long by her fire-fly lamp ,
She paddles her light canoe.
" And oft from the Indian hunter's camp,
This lover and maid so true;
Are seen at the hour of midnight damp,
To cross the lake by their fire-fly lamp,
And to paddle their light canoe.
Not a fish put in an appearance, not even to hear
Nichols sing. Something had to be done. Very
quietly Nichols fastened one of the Colonel's heavy
boots to the latter's line and dropping it over the side
allowed it to gently meander to the bottom. When it
exhausted the line it brought up with a jerk sufficient
to waken the Colonel, who had kept valiant hold of
his fish pole. Here was a bite sure, and a strong
one. The tide had turned. Carefully the Colonel
played with his prize lest it should break away, but
finally with the assistance of his gallant brother
officers it was brought to the surface and landed
in the boat.
[Note — It is not thought best to edit the remarks
the colonel made on that occasion].
At this stage it was deemed advisable to return to
camp. The extraordinary demands made on the
steward's supplies to celebrate the big catch entirely
consumed an important portion of them and rather
than run any risks of exposure great haste was made
for land. That night the joyful event was further
commemorated and the gallant colonel reigned the
hero of the hour, as the only man who ever caught
anything at all out of the "confounded old lake."

Lieut. Augustus P- Day.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

191

AN INCIDENT AT LONG BRIDGE.
BY W. H. CATLIN, CO. A.
On one occasion, in the fall of '62, the detachment
posted at the Washington end of Long Bridge was in
command of Lieut. French as officer of the guard.
Orders were very strict as to the passage of persons
and property into Virginia, and unless the clearest
evidence could be produced of right of way further
advance was denied. Along came one day an old
individual whose papers were satisfactory, but who
had no permit for a barrel of cider in his vehicle.
Lieut. French required he should deposit the " liquid
refreshment " in the guard house and return to head
quarters for the proper pass. The odor of the apple
juice proved a sore temptation to the " relief " loung
ing thereabouts, and it was sampled so liberally that
the contents entirely disappeared. Lieut. French
happening in a little later, "sensed" the situation
and not to be outdone ordered his men to fill the bar
rel with " good Potomac water," which had no sooner
been done and the bung driven home, than the
owner appeared armed with the proper credentials.
The boys very kindly loaded the barrel on his wagon
for him and he went on his way rejoicing.
NARRATIVE OF PRISON LIFE.
BY LIEUT. A. P. DAY, CO. B.
I was in the 15th Conn. Vols, from its formation in
New Haven in 1862, having with Capt. Theodore
Davis and Lieut. Barnes, raised a company under the
name of the 2d Company New Haven Grays, which
was mustered in the regiment as Co. B, of which I
was elected second lieutenant. I remained with the
regiment until after the siege of Suffolk, Virginia,
when I was detached on conscript duty at New
Haven, returning to my command while it was in
camp at Portsmouth, Va., from which place the regi-

192

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

ment took steamer to Morehead City, N. C. I was
then promoted to First Lieutenant of Co. A, Oct.
30, 1863, and appointed Act. Asst. Adjt. General on
the staff of Col. Beach, commanding the Conn. Bri
gade, and went with that officer and the 16th Conn.
to Plymouth, N. C.
The town was captured April 20, 1864, after a
seige of three days, by Confederate troops under the
command of Gen. Hoke, assisted by the ram Alber-
marle, and I found myself for the first time under
the " Stars and Bars." We were transported up the
Roanoke River to Halifax, N. C, from there by cars
to Libby prison. I shall never forget my first
impressions of that place. After being searched by
the notorious "Dick" Turner, we ascended a flight of
broad stairs at the head of which was a crowd of
what looked and acted like demons. Men with scant
clothing and faces blanched from a year's confine
ment, were shouting at the top of their lungs " Fresh
fish." We did not understand what was meant by
this term until later when we found that all new
prisoners were called by that name.
In the rooms at the top of the stairs we found
some seven hundred officers, many of whom had been
confined there for a long time; we were questioned
where we came from and asked the latest news from
the outside world.
Most of us found some one we knew in the prison.
I was taken in by a brother * of Dr. Cowles, of the
15th Regiment, who initiated me in the customs of
prison life. I was in Libby from April 26 to May 6.
Libby as a place of residence was not so bad as many
I was in afterwards, for here we were sheltered. The
rations were very scant but many of the prisoners
had received boxes from home containing provisions
and were able to divide their prison rations with
those who were not so fortunate. From Libby we
?Lieut. Henry F. Cowles, 18th Conn. Captured at the battle of Winchester, Va

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

IQ3

were sent to Danville, Va., where we were confined in
a large tobacco warehouse. After a few days' stay
there we were ordered to take cars for Macon, Ga.
This was a disagreeable trip of six days in box cars
which had been used for conveying cattle and had
not been cleaned before we occupied them. Here we
ate and slept, sixty-four men in a car; no room to lie
down and we had to sit or stand all the way. We
were much relieved when we arrived at Macon, and
were placed in the prison pen, formerly used as the
fair grounds. We had no shelter here for two weeks.
After that a small supply of boards was furnished.
The boys here amused themselves by tunneling.
They had to go thirty feet under the dead line to get
outside the fence. None were successful, for it could
only be done on dark and stormy nights, as the dirt
had to be dumped into the creek that ran through
part of the grounds. Our rations here were a pint and
a half of corn meal and a half a pint of sorghum
molasses a day, and a scant ration of wood to cook it
with. The corn meal was composed of the cob and
corn ground together, and before we ate it we sifted
it through tin plates punched full of holes. We
were hungry all the time on that fare. A few times
maggoty bacon was furnished, but that was a great
luxury. Our next move was to Savannah, Ga., where we
were placed in the U. S. hospital grounds and fur
nished tents. We had no complaints to make as to
rations or treatment. Here we were guarded by the
First Ga. Vet. Regt., which had taken part in battles
at the North and had been sent home to recruit. At
all the other prisons we were guarded by the Home
Guard, composed of boys and old men. I have often
been impressed by the remark of Gen. Grant, that
the "Rebs robbed the cradle and the grave to increase
their army," which was confirmed by an incident that
came under my observation. At one of the prisons a
13

194

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

boy on guard had a pair of home-made mittens that
I was anxious to have. I offered to trade a jack-
knife for them; he was anxious to have the knife, but
said he would have to ask his grandfather, who was
on guard at another post. I did not get the mittens.
We stayed in Savannah from July 29th to Sept. 13,
1864, when we were ordered to move to Charleston, S.
C, to be placed under fire of the Union battery which
was then shelling that city. This was the worst place
I was in. We were confined in the jail yard, between
high brick buildings; when it rained the yard over
flowed with filthy water, then came down the scorch
ing sun; besides that, only half rations were issued,
and many of the officers were taken sick.
Afterward we were moved into the work-house,
where the quarters were more comfortable, but very
much crowded. We enjoyed hearing the shell from
the Union guns coming over us, and bursting in the
city. None of them came near enough to do us any
harm, and they relieved the monotony of our confine
ment. They were fired about every half hour. In
retaliation to the rebs for putting us under fire our
Government sent an equal number of rebel prisoners
and put them on Morris Island, under fire from the
rebel batteries. This did not suit them, and so strong
a remonstrance was made to the Confederate govern
ment that they agreed to send us from Charleston if
their men were removed from Morris Island.
Another reason for desiring our removal was that it
was very unhealthy in Charleston, many of the men
who were guarding us took the yellow fever and
some were killed by our shells. We were then sent
to Columbia, S. C, and camped in a piece of woods
about two miles from the city, where we were able to
get tools. We built huts of logs. If it rained we put
our blankets on the roof to keep us dry.
As this was a large camp with no fence, the
guard could not keep the prisoners from escaping,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 195
and a pack of bloodhounds were used to track the pris
oners who attempted to escape. One officer who tried
to escape was so badly mangled by the hounds that
he died. Two of the hounds came into the camp early
one morning, but they never went out alive. An
unfortunate old boar, with projecting tusks, came into
the camp one day; about three hundred officers were
after him, captured him, and in less time than I can
take to tell it, he was distributed among those who
were fortunate enough to be near. I have been told
by those who sampled it, that it was so tough they
could not eat it, and the only flavor it had was garlic.
There was much dissatisfaction with our govern
ment, among the prisoners, because we were not
exchanged. Exchange was something that was always
looked for when we moved but never seemed to
come. Yet these men confined and suffering were
loyal, notwithstanding the many hard things said and
the complaints made. A vote for president taken
Oct. 17, 1864, shows how loyal they were when we
consider that President Lincoln had for his oppo
nent Gen. McClellan, who was the idol of the men in
the army. When the vote was counted it stood 1,024
for Lincoln and 143 for McClellan.
Nov. 24 of that year was Thanksgiving day.
There were four New England boys in our mess and
we had planned ahead to have a Thanksgiving
dinner, no matter how hungry we might be after
ward. I was fortunate enough to receive a box from
home containing some mince pies, pickles, preserves,
etc. Another of the mess had procured some money
through friends in the South. We bought a turkey
for $30.00 Confederate money, about two weeks
before Thanksgiving day. We divided our rations of
corn meal to feed the bird, for he was not very fat
when we bought him. We gave him all he could eat.
We coaxed him to eat and we watched him day by
day to see him grow. We never left him alone; tied

196 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
to a stake during the day a guard was over him, at
night he roosted inside our hut.
The day before Thanksgiving we built a chimney
of mud and sticks inside the hut, gathered hickory
wood and made a good fire in the fireplace. After
the bird had been prepared a stick was run through
it and it was supported over the fire by crotched
sticks. We took turns all night turning and basting.
Never shall I forget that dinner. We all pronounced
it the best we ever sat down to. For my part I never
enjoyed one more than that.
While in the camp one of the prisoners was shot
and killed by a guard for no cause whatever, as he
was not near the dead line and thirty feet from the
guard. On Dec. 12, 1864, we moved into the city of
Columbia and were confined in the insane asylum
yard. Here we spent the coldest of the winter
months with but little shelter and less fuel, suffering
much from the cold and exposure. From Columbia
we were driven out by the advance of Gen. Sherman,
who occupied the city a few days after we left. On
our way North, near Winsborough, N. C, we ran over
a number of cattle, throwing the engine off the track.
The rebs allowed us to have the cattle that were
killed and we soon had them cut up and divided
among us. It was the first ration of fresh meat
issued us since leaving Savannah five months before.
As there was no way of getting the locomotive on the
track they built a track around it which took about
three days. Behind our train were a number of
trains filled with people who had fled from Columbia
in fear of Sherman's army. They passed us on foot,
having been obliged to leave their cars, and we
encouraged them all we could by singing Union
songs and reminding them that Sherman was just
behind them and that it would be well for them to
hurry up. After repairs were made we continued on
our journey, stopping for a few days at Raleigh, N. C.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

197

Here we saw seventeen hundred prisoners, who had
been brought from Andersonville to be exchanged.
Their condition was terrible beyond all description,
though these men were called the "well prisoners."
Many seemed to have lost their reason and some from
sheer exhaustion and feebleness were obliged to crawl
on their hands and knees over the frozen ground from
the train to the camp.
It was the intention to take us to Wilmington,
N. C, for exchange, but while we were on our way
Gen. Terry, with a military and naval force captured
that place and delayed the exchange. However the
time came at last for our release, and on Feb. 28, 1865,
a few miles outside of the city we entered the Union
lines and beheld the Stars and Stripes for the first
time in nearly a year. To describe that scene would
be impossible. Men laughed, cried, sang, danced and
hugged each other for joy.
After a short stay at Wilmington we took trans
ports for Annapolis, from there were allowed to go
home for a short time.' I received a leave of absence
for two weeks to go to Danville, Va., to recover the
body of Maj. Osborne, who died there while a pris
oner. I returned to New Haven with his remains. I
then rejoined my regiment at Kinston, N. C.

Note — At the capture of Lieut. Day, at Plymouth, as stated,
he surrendered his sword to Col. E. S. Badger, of Raleigh, N. C.
In 1883 he learned that the trophy was still in existence and in the
Badger family. Measures were taken to secure its return, which
were successful, and with true Southern chivalry a brother of
Colonel Badger put the weapon in complete order and restored it
to him.

PART II.
CAMP BLINDNESS  NARRATIVE OF CAPT. EDWIN A. THORPE
 GRANT'S INTERVIEW OF A 15TH MAN  AN INCIDENT
OF THE HON. JAMES GALLAGHER  THE DRUMMER'S
MISHAP  THE WOUNDING OF MAJOR OSBORNE  FLIGHT
AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT. WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEY
 RECOVERY OF THE SWORD OF CAPT. DAVIS  CHAP
LAIN DOOLITTLE'S CHRISTMAS GIFT  SURRENDER OF
THE REGIMENTAL COLOR AT KINSTON  THE CENTRAL
VIRGINIA MEAT MARKET  CONCERNING " THE BLACK
BERRY RAID." CAMP BLINDNESS.
Among the many diseases treated in the army
there was one not alluded to in any of the medical
journals that the writer is aware of. This surprising
ailment was quite prevalent at times. It affected
Union and Confederate soldiers alike; and what was
certainly singular, was confined mainly to the rank
and file, though now and then an officer was affected,
but such cases were rare. It more frequently at
tacked its victims while on guard. There was always
warning of its approach, but this alarm was instantly
succeeded by such an extraordinary indisposition to
do anything, that before the patient was aware the
full symptoms were upon him. The malady, while it
lasted, was highly acute. It took the form of blind
ness. " Camp blindness," it possibly might be termed-
Its duration was but momentary, however. When the
attack was past, no harmful results were discovered,
and there appeared no weakening of any of the facul
ties, unless in the matter of conscience. A few held
that the latter organ suffered a severe strain, which
appeared to some quite probable. It never showed
itself in the face of the enemy, but rather in settled
camps, in bivouacs, on raids, etc., etc. To illustrate:

Lieut. John H. Hall.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 199
a sentinel is on his post. He is alive to the respon
sibility of the position. Every faculty is quickened;
and he thinks only of the security of his comrades.
He grasps his rifle sturdily, and steps off upon his
beat imperious and strong. Suddenly he pauses,
seems dazed, turns abruptly in his tracks may be,
apparently loses control of himself, stands irresolute
or moves unconsciously. All this takes place within
a brief space, say a minute or less; but during its
continuance his comrades, who may have uninten
tionally wandered outside the lines, seize upon his
helplessness and the opportunity to come into camp
with whatever they may have picked up on the out
side. It was a singular disease !
NARRATIVE OF CAPT. EDWIN A. THORPE, CO. K, 29TH CONN.
VOLS, (colored).
I enlisted in Co. E, 15th Conn., in 1862, and was
appointed corporal, in which capacity I served until
late in Nov., 1863. At that time I received notifica
tion from Maj. -Gen. W. H. Russell, of New Haven
(of whose institute I was a graduate), that he would
secure for me, through Gov. Buckingham, a lieuten
ant's commission in some one of the colored regi
ments then forming, provided I could pass the neces
sary examination at Washington. I at once applied
for a furlough, stating my wishes, and was the first
enlisted man of the 15th Conn, to receive one for
such a reason.
The examination followed in due time, and I was
graded as captain, and assigned to the 18th U. S.
Colored Troops. Later, through the intervention of
Gov. Buckingham, I was transferred to the 29th Conn.
Vols., and had it not been for delay in receiving my
commission, should have ranked as senior captain in
that regiment. While in camp the regiment was re
viewed by Maj. -Gen. Burnside, who asked that it be
sent to the 9th Corps at Annapolis, Md., of which the

200 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Third Division was to be composed of colored troops.
His request was granted, and the regiment proceeded
by the steamship Warrior to Annapolis, April 2d.
As it was the first of the colored troops to arrive, it
excited great curiosity ; but in company with two
other regiments of colored troops it was shortly after
sent to South Carolina to relieve part of the ioth
Corps, arriving at Beaufort about April 26th. The
regiment's stay there ended August 8th, the time
being taken up with drilling, especially in marks
manship and picket duty. During part of the time I
was in command of a detached line of pickets, oc
cupying several of those islands lately swept by the
storm with so great loss of life.
The regiment landed at Bermuda Hundred August
13th, and the next day was held in reserve in the
action at Deep Bottom. We were engaged in various
movements till the 26th, when we furnished the first
picket line of colored troops under my command, in
front of Gen. Butler's headquarters. The next day
we went into the trenches in front of Petersburg,
remaining constantly under fire till September 25th,
when we were relieved to prepare for a secret move
ment. September 25th, as part of the ioth Corps, the
regiment marched all night to the north side of the
James, crossing at Deep Bottom, and took part in the
action of September 29th at Spring Hill and Chapin's
Farm. About the middle of the afternoon, while the
reg't was in reserve, I was wounded and taken to the
field hospital, and thence to the officers' hospital at
Hampton. Still later, after a brief leave of absence
to visit Connecticut I returned to Annapolis and
remained until able to rejoin my regiment in front of
Richmond, February 7, 1865. We remained in winter
quarters there until April 3d, 1865. On that morning
we were roused long before daylight by the explo
sions and fires of the Confederates destroying their
works and gunboats, and burning the city of Rich
mond. As soon as daylight gave a safe passage, the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 201
regiment passed the torpedoes in front of the rebel
forts and started for Richmond, toward which Co.'s
C and G had skirmished from the picket line,
where they had obtained from two deserters the first
information of the evacuation of the city. It was a
race as to which should be the first regiment in the
rebel capital. By forced marching we were able to
enter the city, preceded only by the 2d Battalion of
Mass. cavalry attached to Gen. Weitzel's headquarters.
The triumph of the hour eclipsed even the terrific
grandeur of the burning city, for we knew the war
was almost ended.
April 14th the regiment marched for Petersburg,
arriving next day, just in time to learn of the death
of the martyred President. In a few days it was sent
to Point Lookout to assist in guarding the great
prison camp there. From there, in the latter part of
May, it returned to City Point to prepare for the
expedition to Texas under Gen. Sheridan.
The regiment sailed on the steamer Blackstone
for Texas June 1 ith. After spending a few days at
Fort St. Philip, it finally reached Brazos De Santiago
July 2d, and the next day started for Brownsville,
passing over the old battle field of Resaca de la Palma.
It remained at Brownsville till mustered out October
24, 1865.
I have none but words of commendation for the
men of this regiment. They were tractable and
brave, eager to excel in all the qualities of a soldier,
so much so as to win the credit for the brigade of
which they were a part, of presenting the most
soldierly appearance of any brigade in either the
Army of the Potomac or the Army of the James.
GEN. GRANT INTERVIEWS A 15TH MAN.
BY CHAS. D. BARNES OF CO. B.
It was at Fortress Monroe that I first saw Gen.
Grant. I had been sent down from Portsmouth with

202 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
a small squad of prisoners taken on one of the raids,.
I think on the Blackwater, and after delivering them
to the provost guard at the fortress, marched down
again to the dock to wait for the return boat. Our
squad stacked arms and lounged about the wharf
amusing themselves as the boys always would under
the watchful eye of a guard who was pacing his beat.
Several bales of hay were scattered about on the
wharf and I sat down upon one of them. Soon after,
a short, thick set man sauntered down the wharf,
without any sign of rank visible, except that his
clothes were rather better than we in the ranks were
in the habit of wearing. I took him to be an enlisted
man on detached service in the Quartermaster's
department. He sat down on a neighboring bale and
lit his cigar, when up walks the guard and says, " No
smoking on this dock, sir." "Well, I guess that's
right, it is rather dangerous," remarked my neighbor,
still sitting on his bale of hay. I do not remember
whether I addressed him first or he me, but he
inquired where I was from, my regiment, etc., where
stationed, etc. I told him I was down from Ports
mouth with a few " Johnnies " that had been captured.
He inquired who was in command in that section;
asked who and what troops were there and whether
the boys appeared to be in good spirits, etc., also
inquired about our rations and finally, as a tug-boat
rounded the point, remarked, "there comes my boat,"
and bidding me "good day," walked aft into the
cabin. I noticed a peculiar (to me) flag at the stern
of the boat and asked a guard who it was that went
on board; his answer was, "General Grant." The
guard on the dock did not seem to know him, nor was
he attended by any one from the fortress. I had not
the slightest idea that he was an officer, or at least a
commissioned officer; from his unassuming manner I
took him to be an ordinary soldier on detached ser
vice. Whether his staff were on board the tug I do

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

203

not know, but certainly none were with him on the
dock and none showed themselves on the boat.
What other commander was ever so unassuming ?
AN INCIDENT OF THE MUSIC HALL PUBLIC MEETING,
JULY, 1862.
One incident connected with the great Music Hall
meeting, held in New Haven, in July, 1862, should not
go unnoticed, not only on account of the prominence
of the speaker, but because it reflected the sentiments
of so many of the "War Democrats " of that time.
Among those who were to address that meeting,
was the Hon. James Gallagher. When it came his
turn to speak, he advanced to the foot-lights, throwing
off his coat as he did so, and drawing from his pocket
a well-filled wallet, thrust it on the table with a loud
bang, saying as he only could: "Citizens, this regi
ment must be in the field inside of thirty days if it
takes my last dollar."
The applause that followed was beyond all expres
sion. When the 15th Conn, was finally placed in the
field, it had no warmer friend and supporter than
James Gallagher. THE DRUMMER'S MISHAP.
BY SERGT. W. R. MACKAY.
That army is said to be the .most effective which
most implicitly obeys orders.
" Theirs not to make reply,
Theirs but to do and die,"
is commended as the only creed the man-at-arms,
should know; hence the never ceasing drill of the
soldier to bring him to the desired subjection. With
out pausing to discuss whether brains or machines
achieve the best results in war, all admit that without
severe discipline, modern armies would be inefficient
enough. The habit of automatic obedience can only
be secured by long and careful training in what many

204 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
would consider the non-essentials. The commendable
discipline and steadiness of the 15th, was not acquired
in a day; it began with small squads at Camp Chase
and ended with those statuesque dress parades and
guard mounts at New Berne.
These parades were the pride of the regiment.
Any regular army officer might have been envious of
them. They were the embodiment of what discipline
could accomplish, and both officers and men scarcely
dared breathe while they were in progress. There
was one occasion however, when the gravity of the
warriors was most sorely tried, indeed they utterly
failed to keep it, and broke out into one prolonged
howl of delight.
The incident happened at a brigade guard mount.
Adjutant Rand had his men in superb array. Every
movement was timed to perfection and every soldier
moved like a machine. When the evolutions reached
that point where the band parades, that windy body
struck out as a hundred times before, while the lines
stood absolutely motionless. On the return, the time
is usually quickened; in this instance, the musicians
had reached about midway the force, every man blow
ing his best, with Bush the big bass drum man bring
ing up the rear, twirling such gyrations of his drum
sticks as he only could flourish. It was an imposing
spectacle. Capt. White's bosom (officer of the day)
swelled with emotion, and Adjutant Rand vowed
there was never anything like it before. Suddenly
an innocent tent pin rose up out of the ground,
directly in front of the big drum; Bush caught his toe
on it; alas, alas! up went the drumsticks in the air,
and down went the musician on top of his drum; the
momentum of the pace carried both along, the drum
rolling forward, and he prone on his stomach was
riding it, his arms and legs flying in all directions in
frantic efforts to stop. Well, it was a sight.
Nothing like it had ever been seen before. Words

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

205

cannot picture the utter ludicrousness of the scene;
self-control was impossible, and such a mighty burst
of laughter as went up from the throats of the boys
in the ranks, was never heard before or since, in all
North Carolina.
THE WOUNDING OF MAJOR OSBORNE, AT THE BATTLE
OF KINSTON, 1865.
Major Osborne — says George W. Stoddard, of Co.
B, was sitting in front of his tent, in the rear of the
2d Battalion, when Gen. Hoke's forces came up
on our flank. He arose at the alarm and was in the
act of buckling on his sword as the first volley was
discharged, and was wounded at that fire. Stoddard
with three comrades, placed him in a blanket and
started across the field, in the direction of our skir
mish line. The major was heavy and they were
forced by his weight and his wound to move slowly.
Before going far, the rebel horde was upon them, and
of a squad of a dozen or more who surrounded them,
one bolder than the others commenced rifling the
major's pockets, taking therefrom a handsome gold
watch. Capt. Davis who had just come up, seized the
thief and turning to a Confederate officer near said,
" Captain, do you allow your men to rob a dying officer
— Major Osborne of the 15th Conn? " " Not if I know
it," replied the officer; but for all that the watch was
not recovered, though the thief was sent under guard
within the Confederate lines across Southwest Creek.
The bearers with their precious burden, were ordered
across the bridge at the mill, where they left the
wounded major in charge of the Confederate surgeons.
Stoddard was less fortunate in preserving his
"personal effects." Up came a dirty "gray-back"
armed only with a canteen and a shovel, and bringing
a No. 11 hand down on the tall private's head with a
whack, said "Yank, I want that hat," at the same time
appropriating Stoddard's hat, a fine soft one, his wife

206 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
had recently sent him. " Now," said the Johnnie,
" give me that waist-belt " whipping out a big knife
as he spoke and cutting it from his prisoner. The
15th Conn, man began to be concerned lest the next
demand would be for the clothes he wore, but that
was averted. "Johnnie" says Stoddard: "What are
you doing with that shovel in the place of arms;
where's your gun ? " " Yank, I am a pit-sinker for a
sharpshooter to pick off you-uns," was the reply, and
then Stoddard thoughtfully accompanied him to
Kinston.
THE STORY OF THE FLIGHT AND RE-CAPTURE OF CAPT.
WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEY, IN MARCH, 1865.
BY CAPT. GEORGE M. WHITE.
[The reader has observed reference is made to this incident in
Chapter XI. Since that time, the following paper has been
found, and we hasten even at the risk of repetition to give it
entire.]
Through a mistake of the major-general in com
mand of the troops near New Berne, N. C, the 15th
Conn, and the 27th Mass. were placed in a position
where 15,000 Confederates surrounded and captured
them. The prisoners were started on foot for Rich
mond in charge of a force of the Veteran Reserve of
the Confederate army. One night, soon after the long
march was begun, Capt. White escaped, accompanied
by Lieut. Solomon F. Linsley of Co. K, 15th Regi
ment. At the Staunton river they found a boat which,
after using it to carry them to the opposite shore, they
set adrift. They soon found that they had landed on
an island, and had crossed less than half of the river.
They made a raft of rails, tied together with grape
vines, and had nearly reached the main-land, when the
raft went to pieces and they were obliged to swim.
They subsequently found that they must again cross
the river. From this point the story is here given in
Capt. White's own words.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

207

We found a colored man, past the prime of life,
who for twenty dollars agreed to bring us a good sup
ply of broiled chicken and corn bread soon after dark
and then pilot us to a ferry where we could get across
the river on the sly, before daylight the next morning.
By this time I was pretty nearly used up, but Lieut.
Linsley seemed constantly getting his second wind.
Whenever I was on the verge of despondency or dis
gust, or in other words, whenever I began to swear,
Linsley would come up smiling with some new idea.
So now when the colored brother with our twenty
dollars failed to come to our hiding place on time,
Linsley insisted on going in search of him, and when
he started I knew he Avould find him, as he did. He
came back with the darkey and the chicken and the
corn bread, and with the news that the ferry had
been temporarily' interrupted in its operations, but
would be running again by eleven o'clock that night.
Our arrangements were soon made, and eleven
o'clock found us at the appointed rendezvous in con
ference with the old colored man, who for thirty years
had run that particular ferry. He told us that he had
thirteen deserters from Lee's army, who with , their
arms and equipments complete, were waiting to go
across with him that night, and he was afraid they
would be suspicious of us as not being of " their kind
of chaps." We finally induced him to lead us to them,
and after an hour's conference we convinced them
that we were "honest Yankee's" and got them to con
sent that we might go over with them. They were
a rough and very determined looking set of men.
They were a portion of a ' tidal wave ' of deserters
who were just at that time leaving Lee's army and
taking a bee-line for the mountains of West Virginia.
They were very shy of us and for two hours refused
to consent to let us enter the boat and go over with
them, on the ground that our federal uniform was a
¦disguise and that we were really rebel secret service

208 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
men, whose business it was to entrap and arrest
men of their class who were trying to get away
from the Confederate service. We finally convinced
them that we were genuine 'Yanks,' and about mid
night we all got into the old flat-bottomed, square-
ended ferry boat and started across. The river was
narrow and the current rapid, and the boat was held
from going down stream by a cable stretched from
shore to shore, and running through rude tackle at
each end of the old scow. We could see lights on the
opposite shore, sufficiently near where we were appar
ently to land, but placing all confidence in the old
colored ferryman, we asked no questions, but silently
glided across.
The instant the boat touched the landing, up
jumped a whole company of rebel soldiers. We heard
their muskets cocked and knew they were, every one
of them, aimed directly into the boat, and then came
the sharp, quick voice of the captain as he ordered the
deserters to lay down their arms and march ashore.
For half a minute, it was still as death in the boat;
not a rebel or a Yankee moved. The captain repeated
his command and gave them one minute to lay down
their arms and come ashore, or he would give the
order to fire. Nearly a minute must have passed
before a man moved, and then one of the deserters
laid down his gun and marched out, then another
followed, and so in Indian file they all stepped
ashore into the jaws, of what to them was pretty cer
tain death.
Linsley and myself were sitting in the stern of
the boat and did not move. Unnoticed by us- the old
ferryman had gotten into the water and was shelter
ing himself from possible bullets under the stern of
the boat. He now brought his face far enough above
the boat to whisper to me, "Marse, ye's got to go
ashore, de capin knows ye's hyar." Then for the first
time it dawned upon me that the darkey had betrayed

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 209
us. My fingers fairly ached to clutch him by the
throat, but I didn't do it. I whispered a selection of
"cuss words" in his left ear, and they must have been
heavy ones, for he at once sunk out of ear shot, and I
never saw him any more.
Another quite urgent invitation came to us from
the rebel captain, and then Linsley and myself
walked ashore. The captain had sent the deserters
away under a strong guard, and he now marched us
off to his own quarters.
We soon found that our captor was Captain Du
guid, of a North Carolina regiment, and that his
home, when the war began, was in New Berne, N. C.
We could tell him a great deal about New Berne and
her people, as our regiment had been there for more
than a year, and we soon felt as much at home with
him as if he had been a Yank himself. He gave up
his own bunk to us, he being on duty all night, and
had the best his stores afforded cooked for a mid
night meal for us. I shall always suppose that a part
at least of his kindness to us was due to the discovery
which he made soon after we entered his tent, that I
was a brother Mason.
We now learned from Captain Duguid and his
lieutenant the reason of our betrayal by the old col
ored ferryman "Joe Mosely.''
Only two days before Captain Duguid came to
that ferry from Lee's army, being detailed with his
entire company to intercept the constant stream of
deserters who were pouring up into the mountains.
Arriving here Captain Duguid found that Joe had
been in the habit of running the ferry legitimately
during the day, but that at night it was his constant
practice to ferry over two or three loads of deserters,
charging them $20 apiece for the service.
In this way Joe had laid by nearly a barrel of Con
federate money, and had become so attached to that
kind of currency that we had found it hard work to
14

21,0 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
get him to accept greenbacks for our fare. The first
thing the captain did was to arrest the old ferryman,
put one end of a rope round his neck and the other
over a limb, and tell him to say his last prayer. Old
Joe wasn't ready to leave his ferry and his barrel of
shin plasters, so he told the captain : " You's jist
bitin' ye's own nose off, Marse, ef you hang me. I
ken holp ye mor'n all de rest o' de folks in dis whole
section. Dey all knows me, and comes right to my
boat. You jest let me live an' run de ferry jest de
same, an' you'll bag a heap more game'n ye would ef
I'se dead an' gone."
Captain Duguid saw the force of Joe's logic, let
him go back to his business, and Linsley and I
chanced to be in the first boat load that he carried
over under that arrangement.
After learning all the facts from Captain Duguid
and Lieutenant Hurst we didn't feel disposed to
blame the ferryman so much as we did at first.
We had been four days and nights tramping
through forests, fording streams, walking often in
the bed of a stream for a mile or so to avoid being
tracked by hounds, and while Lieutenant Linsley
was fresh and robust, fit for another tramp as severe,
I was very badly used up. We were sixty miles from
Richmond, and as my feet were solid blisters from
heel to toe, I asked Captain Duguid to try to get us
through on a train.
He very promptly consented, and the next day we
left Clover station on the roof of a freight car, with
the youngest son of old Governor Wise, then a boy of
seventeen years and a second lieutenant in the Junior
Reserves, as our custodian. Young Wise did not ride
with us on the roof of the car, however. He placed a
couple of his boys with muskets on the car with us,
and ensconced himself in the caboose.
I never shall forget that ride to Richmond. The
road-bed was in horrible condition; there was not a

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 2 1 1
car in the train whose brakes could be used, and
wherever a stretch of down grade was reached we
ran at a fearful speed at the mercy of fate. Our only
course at such times was to lie flat on the narrow
board running the entire length of the car roof, and
hold on with both hands as best we could. Our
guards soon lost their muskets, and one of them his
hat, and they cut but a sorry figure when at last we
arrived at Richmond and they marched us to the head
quarters of the provost marshal. Young Wise, how
ever, was rigged out in gay enough style to make up
for the deficiencies of his guard. I think he is the
same John S. Wise who has in recent years been quite
prominent in Virginia politics, but has now taken up
his residence in New York city. These turned us
over to the provost marshal, and then bid us a very
kindly good-bye. We were then thoroughly searched
and sent to Libby, where the searching was per
formed again. We had quite an amount in green
backs with us, and had taken the precaution to secrete
it between the cloth and the lining at the bottom of
our trousers' legs. Our clothing was so completely
covered with mud up to the knees that they did not
look there for it, so we got past Dick Turner without
giving up our greenbacks. As a result of our effort
to escape we arrived at Libby two days in advance of
the rest of our regiment.
RECOVERY OF THE SWORD OF CAPT. THEODORE R. DAVIS.
In the National Tribune of May 30th, 1889, appeared
the following card: LOST AND FOUND.
C. Dunbar, 2d N. Y. M't'd Rifles, Goldsboro, N. C, says that
there is a lost sword at that place supposed to have belonged to a
Union officer, in the hands of an old negro — Green Everett. On
the handle is the following: "Presented to Capt. Theodore R.
Davis by E. N. Whittelsey, Aug. 9, 1862."

212 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Sergt. Barnes, of Southington, saw the notice and
sent it to Capt. Davis. The latter communicated at
once with Mr. Dunbar with this result:
Goldsboro, N. C, July 2d, 1889.
Mr. Theodore R. Davis.
I received your letter and was very glad to hear from you.
Your initials are on the handle of that sword I had published.
The colored man says the sword cost him five dollars, and if you
want it, write me a good honorable letter, praising the old negro,
and perhaps I can get it for less money, for he wants an article to
publish in the Goldsboro papers about it. I will do all I can for
you. I remain ever your friend,
CORNELIUS DUNBAR.
It is needless to add that Capt. Davis wrote the
"good honorable letter" and sent sufficient "green
backs " to insure the speedy return of his weapon.
There was great rejoicing when it arrived, and it is
now cherished as one of the most precious memen
tos the Captain could bequeath.
THE REV. JOHN B. DOOLITTLE's CHRISTMAS GIFT.
One of the most hearty and spontaneous Christmas
gifts ever made was that donated by the regiment
while at New Berne, N. C. After dress parade on the
afternoon of Dec. 29, 1864, the command was formed
in hollow square, and Sergt. Reilly of Co. C, on behalf
of his comrades, led into the enclosure a valuable
horse and equipments and presented the same to
Chaplain John B. Doolittle as an expression of
the estimation in which he was held by the regiment.
The Chaplain was completely surprised, and
among things in expressing his thanks, said this :
"When I was a boy I used to tell mother that
when I came to be a man there were two things that
I was going to have, one was a horse and the other a
wife. I am now nigh on to thirty years of age, and
mother has been about discouraged as to my getting
either, but I shall now write her that the horse is

Lieut. Solomon F. Linsley.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

213

here, so she can take courage, and when this ' cruel
war is over,' perhaps  but we won't talk of that
just now."
Chaplain Doolittle " mustered out " his horse with
himself at the close of the war and conveyed him to
Connecticut. There he remained several years and
when his work called him to Nebraska, took the
faithful animal along with him. About 1890 the old
fellow was still "one of the family" and may be
living yet.
CAPTURE OF THE REGIMENTAL BATTLE FLAG AT THE
BATTLE OF KINSTON.
BY LIEUTENANT S. F. LINSLEY, CO. K.
I was in command of Co. C. When coming on to
the field on the afternoon of March 7, 1865, I was
ordered to support the skirmish line of the left wing,
and took position some yards in its rear in a ditch
running alongside a lane made through the plantation.
The Confederate battery back of Jackson's Mills
observing our movements, opened fire, which necessi
tated a slight change to the left in my position, other
wise, when the fight opened, the next day, we occupied
the position first taken.
Considerable misapprehension exists among some
of the veterans as to the exact status of the regimen
tal colors at this fight, and it is with a view to give
the facts in the matter that this article is written.
The state flag had been sent to Connecticut for repairs
previous to our leaving New Berne and had not been
returned. Its place was supplied by a blue silk stand
ard furnished by the U. S. government, and was
without mark or insignia of any kind. This ensign
was carried by the left wing and the national color
by the right wing. The latter as previously stated,
was safely borne off the field, but the former was not
so fortunate. It was pluckily kept flying and the
men rallied on it at the last change of front ordered.

214 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
At this time every member of the guard with
it had become disabled except Corporal Manville,
and he was sorely wounded. Nevertheless, he
held to his standard, and when our forces broke
away, joined in the retreat. He had scarcely passed
Col. Tolles' headquarters when he felt unable to go
further and handed his precious charge over to me.
Sergeants Griffin and Finnigan of my company soon
came up and as the rout was general by this time, we
struck across the open lot and into the woods well
down on our right, hoping to escape. Suddenly we
heard the command "halt! surrender those colors,"
and at the same time a rebel soldier seized the staff.
I looked at my would-be captor a moment and from
his manner concluded his piece was not loaded, nor
did I see any supporting comrade near him. It
seemed to me his demand was rather uncalled for,
and holding on to the color with one hand, drew my
revolver with the other, and in the same breath Griffin
and Finnigan were preparing to make a rush and cap
ture the "Johnny." Just at this crisis Capt. Burgess
came up and pointing to the rebel infantry, now
closing in on all sides (which in the excitement I had
failed to notice), advised our surrender. We accord
ingly gave up the flag. Our captor carried it into
Kinston that afternoon, and a part of the way we
marched behind it.
THE CENTRAL VIRGINIA MEAT CO.
One of the objects of the so-called "Blackberry
Raid," in 1863, was the destruction of an iron bridge
across the South Anna river over which supplies were
sent to the Confederate army from Richmond. Gen.
Harland's brigade, of which the 15th Conn, was a part,
was held in reserve at Taylor's farm while the main
column went forward to destroy this bridge. While
lying there, some of the lads, whom it is to be feared
had neglected their Sunday School lessons that day,

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

"5

(for it was the Sabbath), fancying their Uncle
Samuel's bill of fare not calculated to sustain the
reputation Sunday dinners used to have in old Con
necticut, determined to look about for a dainty or
two. Among these godless youth was one Stoddard, a
Co. B private, who, emboldened by the example of
some wicked men of the 3d N. Y. cavalry, started out
on a bit of foraging on his own account. (It is inferred
that up to this time he had been an exemplary young
man). Scarcely was he clear of the camp ere he
stumbled on Wade and Clark of Co. D, out on a
similar errand. This precious trio held a consulta
tion, at which it was agreed to form a " limited part
nership," (limited in capital — -not having a cent
among them), and embark in the meat and pro
vision business. It did not take long to draw up the
articles of agreement.
In the distance lay the plantation of one Col. Crane
an officer in the rebel army, and thitherward the firm
bent its steps. Several bee-hives presented their
attractions to the partners, and Wade was especially
anxious to fill his haversack with honey " just to eat
with hard-tack you know," but the senior member of
the firm cautioned him that they stood more in need
of meat than sweetening, which counsel prevailed,
and they pressed on up to the mansion. Only a few
frightened servants appeared to be holding the fort
for its gallant owner; and these, on being questioned
speedily informed the invaders that a flock of sheep
were feeding just over the hill. This was cheerful
news; stock in the new meat market rose at once.
Stoddard wildly said he'd take it all, but the others
said they guessed not, not while they were there at
least. Clark drew a " bead" on a fine "cossett," and in a
few minutes, Wade had its hide off, and this piece of
mutton unceremoniously hung by its heels to a gun,
was being toted to a Yankee camp. On the return,

216 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
these now thoroughly hardened transgressors, hav
ing run the camp-guard, broken the Sabbath, fright
ened the women, and slain the little lamb, rounded
up their adventures by raiding the aforesaid bee
hives; but, alas for the partners, so much time was
consumed in the latter sweet undertaking, that the
connections with their camp became broken. It seems
that in their absence the column had unexpectedly
been ordered forward, and the remorseless grip of the
Provost guard now shut down on them. Whimpering
and bluffing were equally of no avail; their entire
capital was " attached " and themselves ignominiously
thrust into a cook's old tent under guard, with some
thirty other disciples of salt pork and hard-tack like
wise apprehended. It is asserted that in the small
hours of that night, the head of the firm got loose
from the guard, and regained a portion of the
stock, but be that as it may, the arrest broke up " The
Central Virginia Meat Co.," and the concern went
into bankruptcy. CONCERNING "THE BLACKBERRY RAID."
BY CHARLES D BARNES, CO. B.
During the last week in June, 1863, Gen. John A.
Dix conceived the idea of a "back door attack on Rich
mond," partly to prevent troops being sent from that
vicinity to reinforce Lee at Gettysburg. Gen. Getty's
division left " Getty's Station," near Norfolk, on trans
ports for Yorktown, where we encamped on the his
toric ground of Cornwallis' surrender. Very near our
camp, and easily traceable, were the old lines of
breastworks, with trees in some instances two feet in
diameter growing on them. Soon after daylight on
that hot morning of July 1 we crossed the Pamunkey
river on the spiles of the burned railroad bridge. It
was there we caught our first "catfish." We saw an
old darkey with a string of big "cats," which he said
he caught off the railroad bridge. We rigged up a

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 217
fishing tackle, dug worms for bait, and then sat for
hours on the bridge without a nibble. Hunting up
the old contraband we made some remarks about his
veracity; in fact, we told him he lied, and that there
wasn't a catfish in the river. He insisted there was,
and asked to see our hooks. " Hooks all right; where
your bait?" We showed him some nice fat earth
worms, and then he grinned. "Come wid me," said
the old fellow. We followed down to the sutler's
shanty. " Boss gib me half pound bait," and in a
moment we had a half pound of soft green cheese. We
smiled very incredulously, but after putting on a bit
as large as a small chestnut, the "tide turned" more
surely than on Lake Drummond, and catfish weigh
ing from two to four pounds were caught till we
could not carry them all to camp. The second day
out we passed the mansion of Dr. Fountain, whose
wife was a daughter of Patrick Henry. The inmates
had fled, and left that beautiful home to the blacks
and the enemy. Its contents were scattered in all
directions, but the Conn. Brigade were fully exone
rated from the looting of it; many little articles were
dropped here and there, and some of our men nearly
came to grief from having some of these discarded
trinkets in their possession.
July 3 was the hottest day in which the
brigade ever marched. That night the 15th Conn.
bivouacked on the John Taylor plantation, in a
wheat field. The wheat was in stacks; the boys
used it for beds and for forage. We stayed there
over Sunday, July 4th, and on that day this hoary
old rebel addressed the soldiers from the porch
of his house. We left this plantation, and in some
mysterious way his scattered wheat took fire about
dark. Then began that terrible forced march else
where spoken of. Many of the men slept while
marching, and it was amusing to hear the variety of
opinions as to the lapse of time since the last halt.

218 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
A comrade would strike suddenly against his file
leader, and inquire, "what's another halt called for?"
and was willing to swear that it had not been ten
minutes since the last " fall in " was given, but upon
striking a match and examining his watch, would
find that an hour or two had elapsed, and then would
have to admit that he had marched asleep.
This was done in numberless instances. Men
strained every nerve to keep their places in the ranks
for guerillas followed close, skirmishing with the rear
guard, and to be left behind and picked up by these
human coyotes meant sure death in most instances,
as they killed men as remorselessly as a Sioux Indian.
Early fruits were in their prime, and the troops
fared sumptuously. The men from the hills of New
England had never before seen such a wealth of black
berries as grew along the line of march. One could
without changing position, pick more than he could
eat. An officer recalling this time says, " I gathered
a water pail three-quarters full from the vines within
my tent." This fruit kept us in health. Frequently
the men would take a quart cap of berries, crush them
with an iron spoon and breaking in their hard tack,
let it soak a few minutes; it was no mean dish then.
Others would crush the berries, then pour them into
their canteens, adding a little water; this made a far
more palatable drink than that drawn from some
puddle after the passage of a six-mule team. It was
the profusion of this wild fruit that gave the expedi
tion the name of the " Blackberry Raid."
Thus the march went on. We fancied that when
we reached water deep enough for the transports
that we should ride the remainder of the way home;
we did, but instead of on transports, on "gunboats,"
made at Lynn and other " shoe " towns in Massachu
setts. We marched the entire length of that penin
sula down through the battle-field of Bethel to For
tress Monroe, much of the way in stifling dust, such

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

219

as only those who have kicked it up on a march
of that kind know. Then again, we were in
swamps with water waist-deep, and up to the arm-pits
of Piatt and Knerr, who were always at the "short
end of Co. B," and always loaded down with guns,
belts, cartridge boxes, haversacks, canteens, blankets,
eighty rounds extra ammunition, frying pans, etc., etc.
Thus by weary marches we made that long and toil
some journey, and at last reached Hampton. An aide
of Gen. Getty remarked in after years that the Gen
eral said no march ever equaled it, considering its
length, the season, the distance covered, and the
health and morale of the troops at the finish.

PART III.
THE PIONEER CORPS  WAR POSTERS  NARRATIVE OF
CHARLES E. HART  LIEUT.-COL. TOLLES' OPERA
TIONS AT SOUTH MILLS  PROMOTIONS FROM THE
RANKS TO OTHER REGIMENTS  A RELIC OF FRED
ERICKSBURG, VA.  BILL NICHOLS AND THE "TAR
HEEL "  RATIONS  NARRATIVE OF CAPT. WATERMAN.
THE PIONEER CORPS.
BY LIEUT. LINSLEY, COMPANY K.
The Pioneer Corps was organized out of the Conn.
Brigade, at White House Landing, in 1863. I was de
tailed to its command. There were about seventy-
five men in all connected with it, and our duties were
to precede the columns of march, clear away obstruc
tions from the roads, and, when going into camp,
erect quarters for the officers, and prepare, in part,
the grounds for the occupation of the command.
The most laborious work the corps performed, was in
rendering assistance to the baggage trains. These
often became stalled for one reason and another, bad
corduroy roads and mud being the most frequent
causes. Particularly was this the case after leaving
White House Landing. No words of mine can
describe the uproar and vexation of that occasion.
The train was heavy, the mud was deep, the road
was abominable, the teamsters were impatient, the
weather was hot and the mules were ugly.
[Note. — It is said that the latter animals were sworn at so
effectively by their drivers, that they too learned the language
and answered back.]
As a rule the work of the Pioneer Corps was
severe in the extreme. While its members were
exempt from guard duty, fatigue service was far
more exhaustive, and it required a well seasoned
soldier to fill the bill. We formed a separate detach-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 221
ment, messed and slept together, and were always
held ready for any emergency.
Occasionally, after a severe day's march, a com
plaint would sometimes be made that one or more
members had " fallen out," only to come straggling
into camp, late at night, when the labor was all done.
This charge came to rest so frequently on " Billy
Hogan," of Co. C, that he was looked upon as one
habitually " tired."
On our arrival at King William Court House
Private Hogan came in late as usual. Duties of one
nature and another, together with a search for a
supply of the magnificent " blackberries " of that
locality, took me some distance from camp, and on
returning, I was met by one of my men, who, in
solemn tones, said that poor Billy Hogan had been
buried. It seemed pretty quick work, and I reflected
that perhaps we had been too hard on William and
unjust in our judgment, and now the sick man was
dead. Hurrying along, I espied in the distance a
knot of men standing in solemn attitude, near our
quarters, close by a mound of fresh earth. None
seemed inclined to speak as I drew near, and a great
sorrow was apparent. Just then Hogan came up,
and saluting, said, " Lieutenant, it's me. I got out of
that. I didn't want to be buried alive." Then the
secret was out. The solemnity vanished in an in
stant, and a burst of laughter followed.
It seems that the moment Hogan reached camp,
as mentioned, he spread his blanket, and, regardless
of duty, was soon sound asleep. In my absence sev
eral members of the corps quietly dug a trench, and
lifting the sleeper carefully, laid him in it. Then
they began to fill it up with a will. Billy soon woke
under the " pressure," and commenced yelling " stop
it ! stop it ! Begorra, O'im not dead yet," and made
a wild rush for the top.
The lesson proved a good one; he was so thor
oughly frightened as never to attempt to shirk again

222 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
At the battle of Kinston, axe in hand, he threatened
so fiercely to hew down a "Johnny" who attempted
to capture him, that he bluffed him and escaped to
the rear.
While in camp near Portsmouth, the pioneer corps
conceived the notion of erecting a flag-staff on the
parade ground. Accordingly we procured from the
forest a mast, about one hundred twenty feet in
length, and with the aid of blocks and ropes from the
Portsmouth Navy Yard, attempted one night after
dress parade to hoist it into position. Our rigging
became disabled in the effort and we were compelled
to postpone the " raising " until next morning. Before
that time dawned however, we received marching
orders, and were moved about four miles nearer Ports
mouth, and as we could not well carry our " big stick "
with us, the 16th Conn, raised it some days later amid
general rejoicing.
At our new camp the corps was made busy putting
up log houses for the Field and Staff officers. These
were substantial buildings. Col. Upham, Lieut.-Col.
Tolles, Major Osborne, Chaplain Miller, Surgeon Hol
comb, Adjt. Rand and the assistant surgeons, each
had a comfortable dwelling about 10x16. In addition
to these, Capt. Munson of Co. K, and myself built
quarters for ourselves of the same material. They
were furnished with windows and door, and divided
by a curtain into two cosy apartments. Each cabin
had its oven, fireplace, and chimney built of bricks,
about thirty thousand of which were " confiscated "
from the neighboring city of Portsmouth. The
accompanying illustration produced from a photo
graph taken the day camp was broken up on our
departure for North Carolina, represents Capt. Mun-
son's and my own buildings.
The operations of the corps were resumed on
reaching Plymouth, and kept up for a time after the
occupation of New Berne, but the organization was
finally disbanded at the latter place.

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DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 223
WAR POSTER.
ISSUED AT NEW HAVEN, CONN., JULY, 1862.

THE LYON REGIMENT
Will he raised by the authority of the Governor by the
TOWN of NEW HAVEN.
It can be Raised in
30 3Z>-A."K

State Bounty paid upon enlisting, if within 30 days, $50.00
" " " during the first year, . . . 30.00
'• Allowance for wife an . 73.00
" " " and two children, . . 48.00
United States Bounty paid upon enlisting, . 2.7.00
" " " " at end of war, . . 75.00
" " Pay per month, .... 13.00
Total pay in one year besides clothing and rations, 458.00

Good Men are Invited to meet the Committee at once.
LET THE LYON REGIMENT
Be first in the fieldand march to Washington
in 30 Days.

JOHN C. HOLLISTER, HENRY D. PARDEE,
SAMUEL BISHOP, B. L. BRYAN,
N. D. SPERRY, CHARLES W. ELIOT,
FRANCIS WAYLAND,
Recruiting Committee, Cutler Building.

224 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
WAR POSTER.
ISSUED AT MERIDEN, CONN., JULY, 1862.

RALLY
TO THE SUPPORT OF THE
NATION.

THE LOYAL, CITIZENS OF MERIDEN who are
ready to make another effort to save the Nation in
this its greatest peril, are requested to meet at the
TOWN HOUSTON THURSDAY EVEN'G,
JULY IOth, 1§62, at 7 1-2 o'clck, to consult upon
measures relating to the PUBLIC SAFETY. All
hands to the rescue. The Government calls loudly
for aid, and Meriden must respond nobly now in
.11 EX and MEANS, as she has done in the past.
HON. SENATOR DIXON, CYRUS NORTHROP, ESQ.,
and other distinguished Speakers will be present to address
the meeting. r
Lieut. Col. D. R. WRIUHT, Hnn. O. H. PI.ATT,
ISAAC C. LEWIS, Hon. WALTER BOOTH,
JAMES Si. BROOKS, CHARLES PARKER,
O. B. ARNOLD, ED.VIUND PARKER,
Meriden, July (Ith. 1SUJ. and numerous other citizens.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 225

NARRATIVE OF CHARLES E. HART, COMPANY I.
I enlisted as private in Co. I, July 28th, 1862, and
was appointed fourth corporal. In this capacity I
followed the fortunes of the regiment until I obtained
a furlough while at New Berne, N. C, in the spring
of 1864, in order to appear before Gen. Casey's Board,
then sitting to examine candidates for commissions
in the colored regiments being raised. I was fortu
nate enough to pass muster with the grade of first
lieutenant, and received my discharge from the 15th,
July 31, 1864. On reporting for duty at Washington,
I was ordered to Louisa, Ky., and received a commis
sion there in the 109th Regt. U. S. Colored Troops,
Co. E, ninety men, no captain, nor no second lieu
tenant. We did duty in the mountain regions of eastern
Kentucky four months,, and were then transferred to
Gen. Butler's command in the Army of the James.
Upon the organization of the 25th Army Corps, under
Gen. Weitzel, we were assigned to the First Brigade,
Second Division, and in the winter of 1864-5, were
stationed in the outer line of works at Fort Harrison,
Chapin's Farm. Here the regiment was daily under
fire, both from the Confederate picket lines and their
batteries. In the final move of our forces to the left, and so
forward toward Richmond and Petersburg, we were
inclined well around toward Hatcher's Run and placed
on the left of the 7th Corps. When the final denoue
ment came, we moved with the army, broke the rebel
lines in our front and were present at Lee's surrender
in the vicinity of Appomattox. I was promoted to
the captaincy of my company July 8th, 1865.
The 109th was well officered, well disciplined, well
handled, and bears a record worthy of remembrance.
After the " Grand Review " in Washington (in which
however we did not participate) the command, with
15

226 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
the major-part of the 25th Corps, was ordered to
Texas, where we remained until mustered out in Feb
ruary, 1866. We were finally discharged at Louisville,
Ky. The officers of the 109th came from nine differ
ent states. Four reunions have been held, and the
next meeting will be in Indianapolis.
LIEUT.-COL. TOLLES' OPERATIONS AT SOUTH MILLS.
[TWO REPORTS.]
Headquarters South Mills, N. C,
Sept. 22d, 1863.
Sir: I have the honor to report that in company with Major
McCandless, 5th Pa. Cavalry, and twenty men of his command, I
proceeded this morning to Lebanon Mills, four miles west of this
place. Guerillas in squads of three and four have been seen in
this vicinity from time to time, but I was unable to find any. The
road from this point to the western branch of the Pasquotank
River being impassable for horsemen, I proceeded, in company
with the Major and eight men dismounted, to and across the
river, about one mile west of which we captured a few under
extremely suspicious circumstances. He had spent the night
only one mile from the usual crossing of the river, where our
pickets are stationed, and, when captured, was five miles from
this place, with the evident intention of crossing our lines at some
point where he could escape detection. His name is Falk Oden-
heimer, and he claims to be a refugee from Goldsboro, N. C. He
has about $12,000 in gold and Southern State money in his pos
session and also a number of watches. I send you the prisoner
under guard. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant,
Samuel Tolles,
Comd. U. S. Forces South Mills.
To Capt. H. Stevens, Adjt. Gen. South Mills,
Oct. 17th, 1863.
Capt. : I have the honor to report that I accompanied Major
McCandless with forty of his command (cavalry) to Camden Court
House, this morning, sending parties to the different landings on
the river between this and that point. We captured, near Ship

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 227
Landing, a blockade runner named Douglass, a citizen of Pasquo
tank Co., who had in his possession two hides. The boat was
destroyed. Three others, on our arrival at the landing, had just
reached the opposite shore, and made their escape. A cart and
horse, left in their hurry, I brought into camp. Having heard
that a party of fifteen guerillas had been seen in the neighbor
hood, on our return Major M. strengthened his advance guard
and skirmished the woods as well as he could, considering the
nature of the country. At about midway from the Court House
to this place the rear of the column was fired upon by a party
laying in ambush on the border of a swamp, supposed to be the
same as mentioned above, killing Privates Taggart of Co. F and
Wolf of Co. G, and wounding Private Hoover of Co. C. Major
McCandless dismounted his carbineers as quickly as possible,
pursued them into the swamp, but without being able to over
take them. While at Camden Court House we were informed by
two citizens that a Capt. Hughes had a guerilla band uniformed,
near Indiantown, but could learn no particulars.
From observation and what I learn trom different sources, I
am satisfied that there is considerable passing on the Pasquotank,
between the Court House and this place by means of small boats.
I forward, under guard, to your headquarters Timothy Doug
lass, blockade runner, as mentioned above. His stock of hides
were left behind, to enable me to transport the bodies of those
killed. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant,
Sam'l Tolles,
Comd. U. S. Forces South Mills.
PROMOTIONS FROM THE 15TH CONN. TO OTHER
REGIMENTS.
Co. A — ist Sergt. John B. Willett to ist Lieut. Co.
G, 14th U. S. C. Heavy Artillery. 1865.
Co. A— Corp. George W. Allen to Capt. Co. E, 29th
Conn. Vols, (colored). 1864.
Co. A — Private Frank E. Little to ist Lieut. Co.
E, 107th U. S. C. I. (Major by brevet). 1864.
Co. D — Private George W. Bunnell to ist Lieut.
Co. C, 124th U. S. C. I. 1865.
Co. E — Sergt. Charles Griswold to Capt. Co. B, 29th
Conn. Vols. 1864.

228 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
Co. E — Sergt. Henry G. Marshall to ist Lieut. Co.
E, 29th Conn. Vols., 1864, and Capt. Co. I, 29th C. V.,
Jan. 31, 1865.
Co. E- Corp. Giles G. Horton to Major 16th N. Y.
Cavalry. 1863.
Co. E— Corp. Edwin A. Thorpe to Capt. Co. K,
29th Conn. Vols. 1864.
Co. E — Private Clarence M. Clark to ist Lieut. Co.
D, 29th Conn. Vols. 1864. Captain, May 12, 1865.
Co. F— Sergt. Edwin A. Kenney to Capt. Co. F,
14th U. S. C. Heavy Art. 1865.
Co. F — Private Philip E. Chapin to ist Lieut. Co.
L, 2d Conn. Heavy Art. 1864.
Co. H— Corp. John Hill to ist Lieut. Co. G, 28th U.
S. C. I. 1864.
Co. H — Private William B. Pease to ist Lieut. Co.
— , 8th U. S. C. I. 1863.
Co. H — Sergt. Augustus Bodwell, to 5th Regt. In
dian Home Guards. 1863. (Not mustered.)
Co. I— Corp. Charles E. Hart to Capt. Co. E., 109th
U. S. C. I. 1864.
Co. I — Private Thomas Dunlap Jr., to Capt. Co. F,
29th Conn. Vols. 1864.
Co. I— Corp. Richard K. Woodruff to Capt. Co. C,
31st Conn. Vols. 1864.
A RELIC OF FREDERICKSBURG, VA.
On the night of the retreat of Burnside's Army
from the ill-fated city of Fredericksburg, the writer
stumbled over a plain wooden chair dropped on the
field. Throwing it on his shoulder, he carried it
across the river and a portion of the way to camp,
when it became burdensome and was flung aside.
Lieut. Linsley then gathered it in and "toted " it to
camp. It remained in his possession during all the
transfers and service of the regiment, and to-day in
his home it extends its arms and a welcome to any
comrade of the 15th who will drop in.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 22.9

BILL NICHOLS AND THE " TAR-HEEL.
While Private Nichols of Co. I, was being con
veyed as a prisoner to Richmond (see his narrative),
at one point on the route he was placed in a railroad
box-car with four comrades. Between Enfield and
Weldon, N. C, whenever the train stopped, they were
regarded with great curiosity by the " North Carolina
Home Guard Reserves," called " tar-heels " from their
long familiarity with the product of the pine trees of
that state. Along came one day a squad of these
warriors who had never seen a "Yank" before, and
one more audacious than his companions, observing a
pair of new boots on Nichols' feet, entered into the
following conversation with their wearer:
Tar-heel — "Yank, pull off them boots."
Yank — "I guess not."
Tar-heel — "I tell you I want them boots."
Yank—" So do I."
Tar -heel — " Say Cap," addressing his officer, " Can't
that Yank give me them boots ? "
Before the captain could answer, Nichols said to
him, " Captain, here's a fellow that hasn't courage
enough to capture a prisoner in a fight, but is just
. coward enough to rob a man already taken. Now, if
he will lay down his gun and come into this car and
pull off my boots, he is welcome to them." The invi
tation was declined in a liberal sprinkling of " cuss-
words," and Nichols kept his boots.
RATIONS.
The following table may be of interest, as showing
how our armies were fed. To every man the follow
ing daily subsistence was allowed:
1. Twelve ounces salt pork or bacon, or twenty
ounces fresh or salt beef.

230 FIFTEENTH C0NNECTICU1 VOLUNTEERS.
2. Sixteen ounces hard bread, or twenty-two
ounces of soft bread, or of flour, or twenty ounces
corn meal.
3. Six tenths of a gill of beans, or an ounce and
one-half of rice.
4. An ounce and one-half of coffee, or one-fifth of
an ounce of tea.
5. Two and one-half ounces of sugar.
6. One-third of a gill of vinegar.
7. Three-fifths of an ounce of soap.
8. One and one-half gills of salt.
Candles, vegetables (desiccated or otherwise) were
issued where convenient. In camps near cities, or
where transportation was not interrupted, and the
supply abundant, it was not possible for the soldier to
consume what was allowed him. This was the case
particularly at Camp's Chase and Casey and at Ports
mouth and New Berne. Much less than the full
ration was drawn by the companies at these places,
and the difference was paid them in cash by the Gov
ernment. This money could be used in any manner
the companies directed. Upon a march or in the face
of the enemy, the supplies were habitually " short."
This was more the fault of the contractors than of the
Government, and as was always the case the soldier
was the sufferer, for he neither received the ration nor
the commutation therefor. The worst swindles were
perpetrated in "hard bread" and salt beef ("salt-
horse " as it was termed). Probably the purest and
most excellent ration furnished was the coffee. The
tea was vile beyond question, the vinegar was made
of acid and water, and the beans frequently harder
than the bullets of our cartridges. The salt pork was
usually good, so was the fresh beef, fresh bread and
vegetables, whenever issued. The toughest "hard
tack " ever served out to us was at Fredericksburg in
1862. Many of the men dared not eat it in daylight,
particularly that taken across the river while the bat-

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 231
tie was going on. Morgan of Co. D, is responsible for
the statement, that after the engagement, between
two hundred and three hundred boxes of this bread
were condemned and fed to the cattle in the commis
sary department. Had the latter animals not been on
the verge of starvation, they would have kicked it
into the Rappahannock river. The writer has one of
those original " B. C.'s " sent home during that cam
paign. Did space permit, it would be interesting to
record the various dishes prepared by the boys, and
the methods of their manufacture. Such terms as
" scouse," " hell-fire stew," etc., etc., were applied to
them; and when eaten by a stranger, he no longer
doubted the appropriateness of their titles.
NARRATIVE OF CAPT. REUBEN WATERMAN, COMPANY F.
During the night of the 7th of March, 1865, Maj.
Osborne and myself were watching the Confederate
lines in our front. My company was on picket on the
extreme right; at intervals we heard the sound of
axes opposite us, across the creek, and knew that
works of some kind were being constructed there.
On the following forenoon when the final attack was
made upon our lines, my company was driven in. We
maintained our formation however, and fell back on
the reserves. While passing through the woods, I
saw Maj. Osborne lying wounded on the ground. I
offered to remain with him, but he was being cared
for (see Stoddard's account) and ordered me to get
my men away quickly as possible, or all would be
captured. I "broke ranks" at once and every man
" dug-out " for himself. I went through a little open
ing in the trees and observing our flag still waving
over headquarters in the rear, concluded there was
more noise than danger after all, and as I had ate
neither breakfast nor dinner, sat down to refresh my
self with a "hard-tack." While munching it, I heard

232 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UNTFER8.
some one say " surrender ! " but paid no attention,
thinking it a joke from one of my own men. In a
moment the demand coupled with an oath was
repeated, and turning, two rebel muskets looked me
in the face. Their owners ordered me to advance
within six paces of them, lay down my sword and
retreat six paces, which requests were promptly com
plied with. I was put in charge of a Confederate
officer, who took my sword and ordered me taken
under guard to the old mill. On the way to the latter
place, I was told to move on the " double-quick " and
did so a few yards. This proceeding soon grew
monotonous and I said to the guard, " shoot if you
want to, I've gone ' double-quick ' as long as I will."
When we arived at the mill, I was turned over to
a lieutenant, who spoke kindly and was a gentleman.
The guard insisted I should give up my money, but
this officer would not allow it. I was kept here until
dark, and then sent to Kinston. From Kinston I went
to Goldsboro next day, and there met my brother
officers. [Note. — With the exception of bribing the rebel guards with
" apple-jack" in one or two instances, while on the way to Rich
mond, Capt. Waterman's narrative is so similar to what has here
tofore been published, that further mention of it is omitted.]

Capt. W. C. Burgess.

PART IV.
YELLOW FEVER AT NEW BERNE  THE NORTH CAROLINA
TIMES  RECOLLECTIONS OF SERGT. HENRY C. BALD
WIN  A VISIT TO FREDERICKSBURG, VA., IN 1892.
THE YELLOW FEVER SCOURGE AT NEW BERNE.
BY CAPT. M. A. BUTRICKS, CO. I.
In reply to a request of our historian, I write
a short account of my recollections of New Berne,
during the visitation of that dreadful scourge of
yellow fever, in the months of September, October
and November, 1864. While I shall never forget that
event, my memory is not good enough to enable me
to specify with accuracy, the several dates to which I
may have occasion to allude. I think the state
ment is correct that the earliest intimation we had
of the presence of the unwelcome visitor in our
regiment, was when Sergt. Rogers of Co. B, gave
up his life as its first victim in the 15th C. V. I
well remember the anxiety that was felt, by officers
and men, when it was officially declared that the
cause of the death of Sergt. Rogers was yellow fever.
I remember also, in conversation with Surgeon Hol-
combe, his statement that we had yellow fever in the
city of New Berne, and several genuine cases in our
regiment, and that nothing but an early frost could
put a stop to the ravages of the disease which would
surely prove epidemic and take away many of our
comrades. The surgeon's advice was " keep cool,
don't get nervous and excited, eat and sleep regu
larly, and drink plenty of good commissary."
When at last the disease had attacked our regi
ment, so that our regimental hospital was becoming
more and more occupied, and several of my own
company were occupants, I made it a practice to
visit them daily; and in this connection I desire to

234 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
bear testimony to the admirable manner in which the
affairs of our regimental hospital were administered
by Surgeon Holcombe and his corps of assistants. I
do not think that any of the unfortunate patients
were neglected, but that all received as much care
and attention as was possible, considering the great
demands made upon the surgeons. Who that visited
our hospital, during those three months of gloom and
anxiety, can ever forget the scenes there witnessed;
the large number of our comrades suffering in the
various stages of the terrible disease ? As I now
remember, Surgeon Holcombe had three wards, where
those suffering with the fever were received ; the
first, being where the patient was in its first stage ;
the second, when the disease had assumed a danger
ous character; and the third, where the patient was
given up as past all hope of recovery; this Dr. Hol
combe grimly called his "finishing room."
During the month of September, the fever had
become so fixed in its position in New Berne and had
attacked so many of the citizens, that the military
authorities became solicitous as to the safety of the
troops. So many of our regiment were afflicted with
the disease, and so many had died, that it was feared
the command would be destroyed by the scourge, if
kept longer on provost duty. Accordingly, early in
October, arrangements were made to relieve the regi
ment with the ist Regt. North Carolina Colored Vol
unteers, and the 15th was ordered to a point some
where on the railroad between New Berne and More-
head City, where as a result, it soon began to recover
in health and spirits. Unfortunately for myself,
when this order came I was officer of the day and was
ordered to continue as such, in charge of the colored
troops on provost duty. This was my situation dur
ing the entire time and without relief.
The scenes that were witnessed in the streets of
New Berne were simply awful. Many times was I

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 235
called upon to dismount and enter a house where the
scourge had taken away some member of the house
hold, and in several instances, where everyone of the
family lay dead upon his bed, or on the floor of the
house; many times was I obliged to send one of the
guard to the quartermaster with orders for the cus
tomary pine box in which to convey the remains to
the place of burial. Every morning these scenes
were repeated, the situation daily growing worse
during the month of October. At night we were
ordered to keep bonfires burning on all the principal
street corners, and large numbers of barrels of tur
pentine in its crude state were consumed.
With the exception of the guard, scarcely a
person could be seen on the streets after nightfall ;
and as I rode from post to post in the discharge of
my duties, I seemed to be riding through a place
where a deep impenetrable gloom had taken up its
abiding place. If ever there were long nights, I am
sure I experienced them during that season of dread
and anxiety. So far as I know, not a single man of
the provost guard was attacked by the fever, and it
was remarked that the colored people seemed to be
proof against its attacks. The great loss was among
the poor refugees who had sought shelter and pro
tection in New Berne, but found instead, in many
instances an unmarked grave.
One of the most interesting scenes that I now
recall, was when, after a few cool nights in early
November, as I now remember the date, I received
orders from Gen. Palmer to cause every building in
New Berne, whether dwelling or store, to be opened
whenever a frost could be expected. Accordingly the
guard was instructed to find so far as possible, the
owners and occupants of the various tenements, and
to give notice that all buildings must be opened, either
with the requisite key or by the application of the axe
in the hands of a willing guard, whenever the order

236 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
should be received. Early in November a slight frost
appeared and orders came to put into effect previous
instructions. The entire provost guard was promptly
ordered out, divided into squads and assigned to the
several districts of the city ; each squad being under the
charge of a non-commissioned officer. The orders
were to Visit every building and cause it to be opened
front and rear, so as to permit the free access of the
cold air, peaceably if possible, forcibly if necessary.
These orders were executed systematically and with
apparent willingness on the part of the guard, and in
but few instances did we meet with opposition on the
part of the citizens; all seemed to recognize the orders
as a necessary step toward the expulsion of the fever
from the city.
In some cases we were obliged to open by force,
particularly places of business, either by forcing the
doors or breaking the windows. Most of those who
had conducted business in the stores of the city, had
long since left, abandoning all their stock and seek
ing refuge in other places, so soon as it became evi
dent that the fever had become epidemic.
To the soldier one of the greatest sources of anx
iety during this period, was the prohibition to send
messages home and likewise no opportunity to re
ceive letters from there ; a strict quarantine was
enforced, and for many weeks we were anxious re
garding our loved ones, while they knowing the
presence of the scourge in New Berne, were equally
solicitous as to our welfare, dreading lest the first
mail to arrive would bring tidings of death. How
great then .was our rejoicing when after the first
frost, we heard the welcome announcement that the
quarantine was removed, and mail allowed to arrive
and depart. It is safe to say that no steamer ever
carried more affectionate and tender messages, than
those borne on the first steamer leaving New Berne
after the raising of quarantine.

Lieut Charles F. Bowman.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 237
The first frost, while it gave promise that the
power of the fever was broken, had the result to
increase largely the death rate for a few days, those
afflicted with the disease being apparently hurried out
of existence; but no new cases appeared and we real
ized that we had passed the danger line, and from
that time had no further fear of our terrible visitant.
I do not remember the date when the regiment re
turned to New Berne and resumed its duty as pro
vost guard, but I do remember that it was with
great joy and satisfaction that I welcomed it back
to its old quarters and was happy in the thought,
that I was to be relieved as officer of the day,
yea, of many days. I notice you give the number of
victims in our regiment as sixty, I cannot safely dis
pute those figures, but it has always been my impres
sion that our loss was about eighty men. In the list
I fail to discover the name of Lieut. Thompson,* of
Co. F. It was my duty, with Lieut. Bowman, to be
with him the last night of his life, and to do what we
could to make his last hours as comfortable as pos
sible ; neither of us will ever desire to be present at
a scene of like character.
In conclusion permit me to say, that while the 15th
did not participate in as many battles as some other
regiments, still I do not believe that any regiment
during the entire war, underwent anything that
would compare with the dreadful experience we, as a
regiment, were compelled to endure during the reign
of "Yellow Jack " at New Berne.
ADDITIONAL FACTS CONCERNING THE YELLOW FEVER
EPIDEMIC AT NEW BERNE.
FROM NOTES FURNISHED BY ASSISTANT SURGEON EDWARD O. COWLES.
The first case of yellow fever in the original 13th
Regiment was Sergt. Rogers, Co. B. But the first case

* The following names should be added to the list recorded in Chap. VII :
Co. F Lt. W. W. Thompson, Oct. 29, 1864. Co. H, Henry C. Lord, Sept. 16, 1864.

2 3 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UNTEERS.
was one among a number of men sent us from other
regiments at the front. This case occurred in June,
'64, and was under Dr. Cowles' care. The symptoms
and course of the disease were those of yellow fever;
and, in order to settle the question, he made an
autopsy and called in Dr. Holcombe to see the re
sult. The characteristic lesions of yellow fever were
unmistakably present, and when they were pointed
out to Dr. Holcombe, he shrugged his shoulders and
remarked : " We shall catch  here before the
summer is out ! " Dr. Cowles reported the case as
one of yellow fever to Dr. Hand, Medical Director.
He sent back the report with the request that the
diagnosis be changed, as the publication of it would
create a panic among the soldiers and through the
Department. Dr. Cowles replied that the diagnosis
was correct, and, if he doubted it, referred him to
Dr. Holcombe, who had witnessed the result of the
autopsy, and who was familiar with the disease, hav
ing observed it in Mexico years before. Then came
an order to change the diagnosis to bilious remittent
fever, which was not obeyed, on the ground that the
only value in a report was its truthfulness. Dr. Hol-
combe's prediction and Dr. Cowles' diagnosis were
fully verified by subsequent events.
Capt. Butricks is also correct in this, that " our
loss was about eighty men." In all, there were about
240 cases. Unless the epidemic is very mild, two-
thirds saved is a very large percentage.
Dr. Holcombe's " corps of assistants " consisted of
Dr. Cowles alone, until the latter was attacked by the
fever; then, only of a " contract surgeon." As every
regiment on active duty, or in a severe epidemic, is
entitled to one surgeon and two assistants, it will
readily appear that the work of caring for yellow
fever patients was not easy.

Hortt^ darolma Ctmes.
New Berne, N. C, June 29, 1864.
Such is the title of a newspaper printed on the
cheapest straw colored wrapping paper possible, in
the possession of Martin Allen of Co. D. It is pre
sented here to give a little idea of the cost of family
supplies at the time of its issue, in the Confederacy.
It quotes from the Petersburg Register as follows:
Columbia, S. C. — Beef, $2.50 per pound. Chickens,
$5.00 each. Flour, seventy-five cents per
pound.
Raleigh, N. C — Corn meal, $28.00 per bushel.
Grenada, Miss. — Hotel charges, $7.00 per day.
Wilmington, N. C. — Beef, $4.00 per pound. Bacon,
$4.00 per pound. Butter, $10.00 per
pound. Eggs, $4.00 per dozen. Flotir,
$160.00 per barrel. Lard, $5.00 per pound.
Atlanta, Ga. — Flour, $200.00 per barrel. Wheat, $20.00
per bushel. Bacon, $3.00 per pound.
Corn, $28.00 per bushel.
Richmond, Va. — Bacon, $10.00 per pound. Flour,
$425.00 per barrel. Beef, $6.00 per pound.
Eggs, $10.00 per dozen. Butter, $20.00
per pound. RECOLLECTIONS.
BY HENRY C. BALDWIN, CO. H.
The panorama unfolded to the members of the 15th
from Camp Terry on Oyster Point, in July, 1862, to
Grape Vine Point, when finally discharged in July,
1865, is one that is indelibly impressed on the mem
ory of each one who took it in, in its entirety. As
now, December 29, 1893, I unroll it again, looking at

240

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

the 1,040 men in full health, boarding that long train
of cars in the sandy cut that delightful August day,
how varying the emotions it starts ! At one point I
am moved to mirth and laughter, as some scene comes
to my vision that would convulse a funeral procession,
and again my eyes become misty as the change pre
sents some touching incident of suffering and heroism
worthy the sublimest period of civilization's growth.
Reading these incidents as I do in the fading light
of thirty years, I am free to say there were among the
officers and men of this command, as lofty ideals of
patriotism and as keen an appreciation of the ludi
crous as could be found in any regiment in the service.
This panorama is only painted on the retina of the
memories of those who live now and saw it then, so
that if any choice bits of it either grave or gay are to
be rescued from the gathering oblivion of years, it
must be done soon, for time is fast hastening the
beating of " lights out " in the last tenting place for
members of the old 15 th C. V.
As I begin, it seems as if I could write a volume,
merely of the incidents of those three years stored
away in the chambers of memory, but I will be
merciful and only record a few such recollections as
I feel have escaped the attention of more entertain
ing scribes.
No greener country lad ever put on a corporal's
uniform than was I when Sergt. H. T. Hoadley and
myself concluded to be tent-mates about August 25,
1862, but I had eyes, ears and a fair memory, the
latter making its daily record of things peculiarly
pathetic or ludicrous.

Some few days after Lincoln's emancipation proc
lamation had been made public, and the gloom follow
ing the second battle of Bull Run hung like a cloud
over the nation, Joseph Flynn, a large man in my

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 241
company was taken sick. We had no hospital and he
was placed on a bed of straw under a "tent-fly" just
beyond the officers' quarters. He sent for me and re
quested me to write a letter home to his family. He
dictated a cheerful, hopeful epistle to the " old woman "
as he called her, and I read it all over to him. He
thanked me so earnestly and said " I never had no
chance to learn to write."
The next day I went to see him again and he was
delirious. I remained some time to make him com
fortable, but the following day he died, and I was
detailed with two comrades to open a grave. We dug
it in that gravelly soil, it being the first burial of one
of our boys in old Virginia. The military burial was
under the direction of Lieut. Penrose. There were
many moist eyes as Co. H marched out to the grave
keeping step to the "dead march." Three volleys
were fired over the open grave, and then the com
pany returned to quarters to most lively music. This
first death in camp impressed me more than the hun
dred I subsequently witnessed. I have since often
asked myself " did the old woman get that letter ? "

Everybody knew John Leonard of Co. E, and
never saw him without thinking of " Whee ye devils,"
for that midnight cry of his often woke up the whole
camp, causing a few to swear and many to laugh.
Billy Hogan was of himself sufficient to immortalize
Co. C, while Co. H had not less than four or five who
could fill an equal bill in that direction. Paddy
McManus made Co. H as famous as Billy Hogan did
Co. C, and I could relate a hundred instances where
he has been the innocent cause of mirth such as never
was enjoyed outside of camp. Here are a few.
Soon after we went into winter quarters at Ports
mouth, I used to miss from my tent, spoons, knives
and forks. So one day when I was off duty and the
16

242 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
regiment out on drill, I went into several tents and
marked considerable tin plate ware " H. C. B." Not
many days after when I went to dinner my spoon was
missing. I went directly to McManus' tent and found
him eating. "Here!" said I, "What are you doing
with my spoon?" "I had that spoon from New
Haven out," replied Pat. I said, " I'll bet my name is
on it," and taking it, showed him on the under side
the mark " H. C. B." He gazed at the letters for a
moment and then exclaimed: " Take it and be d  d
to ye, but I had it from New Haven out."

One night in the barracks at New Berne, when the
boys were fast asleep, Pat rose from his bunk very
quietly and lighted a candle. He then pulled a mess-
pan out from under his bed nearly full of boiled cab
bage. He set the pan on his bunk, took a taste (I was
in the next bunk and happened to be awake) and then
softly said to himself, " I'll have some vinegar," and
suiting the action to the word started for the cook
house, leaving the cabbage on the bunk. He had
hardly left the door before Tom Cannon, whose camp
name was "wharf rat," dropped from his bunk like a
weasel, ran to the fire-place, filled both hands with
soot and ashes, stirred it hastily into the cabbage, at
the same time extinguishing the candle and then
noiselessly slipped back into his bed. Pat soon re
turned whistling, as was his custom, " Och, wher
is me light," he said, and then added " I'll have me
cabbage anyway." I distinctly heard the vinegar
poured on the toothsome vegetable. Then a mouth
ful was taken, followed by a spitting sound, immedi
ately succeeded by a roar from Pat in these words, " O
ye gulpins of h  , I'll be even with ye for this yet."
Pat was mad clear through and raved until he woke
every man in the barrack, and they began to pelt him
with stale bread which kicked up such a row that

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

243

Sergt. Hoadley came from his quarters and threatened
to put us all in the guard house. Order was finally re
stored, but Pat continued to mutter over and over
again "Oh, the gulpins of h  ."
Pat was fond of his pipe and it caused his arrest
on one occasion. When on guard one day in New
Berne, he set his musket against the fence and stooped
down to light his pipe; just as he struck the match
which he was shielding from the wind with his cap,
the officer of the day rode up. Says Pat, "hould on
now until I light me pipe and I'll salute ye."
One night he was on post when the " grand rounds "
came ; he challenged properly and received the' re
sponse. I had carefully instructed him what to do
upon such an occasion, but instead of saying " turn
out the guard — grand rounds," he stuck his head in
the guard tent and said "corporal the grand rounds
is here and wants to see ye."
I do not know if Pat is on earth or has gone to the
last great camp ground, but I shall always cherish a
kindly feeling toward him for the amusement he
afforded. during those years.

One cold day in the latter part of November, 1862,
while we occupied "Sibley tents" at Fairfax Semi
nary, Sergt. Burritt took some men and tore down an
old shed owned by one of the natives, to make a cook
house, and as a consequence he was put under arrest.
There was much talk about rigid discipline and all
that sort of thing, and the subject of who would be
promoted to Burritt's place was fully discussed in the
smoky malarial atmosphere of the tall tents. That
night on dress parade it was expected the fate of the
bold sergeant would be known. Adjt. Brown looked
for all the world that night as he took a bunch of
orders from under his belt, as if he had just stepped
out of a band-box. He read one document after

244 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
another, and finally one which reduced Orderly-Sergt.
Newell F. Burritt to the ranks. There was an ex
change of glances sidewise in Co. H, as if to say " I
told you so." Then Adjt. Brown drew forth another
order from head-quarters 15th C. V. which promoted
Private Newell F. Burritt to be Orderly-Sergeant of
Co. H. in consideration of distinguished services.
Burritt was a private for just exactly three minutes.
Thus was discipline maintained and much amusement
furnished to Co. H.

While on the march through Maryland, on the way
to Fredericksburg it snowed one night, and as we broke
camp the following morning, the sun came out and the
snow which was lodged in great patches among the pine
trees began to fall on us and down our necks. Lieut.
Allen exclaimed as we marched toward the road " I'll
shoot the first man I hear singing ' I'm Glad I'm in this
Army.' " That had been a favorite song in the prayer-
meetings, but as we trudged along in the snow and
mud I heard no one sing it, but instead the whole
regiment struck up " Going 'Round the Horn," accom
panied by " Kelly's warble " every now and then,
which served greatly to lighten the weary march.

In the spring of 1864 when good party men went
home to Connecticut to vote, creating much angry
feeling and sadly cracking for the time being disci
pline, many things took place which I am perfectly
willing should be forgotten. When the voters
returned, nearly all the regiment except the guard,
was off on a raid to Little Washington. One of our
boys brought a quart bottle of fine old whiskey for
Tom Saunders, who loved fire-water better than life.
The bottle was nicely sealed and put into Sergt. Hoad-
ley's hands to keep. The second day we concluded to
sample it and carefully removed the sealing wax. We

DEFENSE OF THE UNION

245

turned out just one-half and filled it up with water.
We justified our course on the high moral ground that
whiskey " inundated '' would be much better for Saun
ders than in the original package. We then carefully
sealed the bottle and put it away. The day following
we repeated the operation. Then there was an
example in "alligation" to determine just how much
whiskey there was in the bottle when we delivered it
to Tom on his return. He took it to his bunk which
was in a far corner and never offered a sup to mortal
man. We watched from a distance until he had taken
the last drop. He sat as if expecting something and
finally beckoned to Sergt. Beardsley, who approached,
when Saunders held up the empty bottle and ex
claimed " Beasly, I've dronk the full of that bottle
and I aint staving yet." Tom Saunders' ingenuity
when directed toward getting fire-water was marvel
ous. While we were encamped at Suffolk near the 103d
N. Y., Saunders was walking one day near the depot
and saw the surgeon of that regiment near by with
a canteen swung across his shoulder. Just before he
reached him Tom dropped on his back a picture of
agony and began screaming " Oh, the cramps, the
cramps!" The doctor was soon by his side and at once
put the canteen to his lips, which Tom frantically
clung to until he drank it nearly dry. The doctor
called some teamsters and lifted Tom into the depot
and laid him down carefully, he all the time keeping
up a terrible groaning. Then the humane surgeon
started for an ambulance to remove his patient to the
hospital, but he was no sooner out of sight than Saun
ders jumped up and ran for camp, shouting as he
reached it, " I got staving drunk off the Dutch doctor,"
and sure enough he had.

I doubt if there was a man who remained any
length of time with the regiment who did not know

246 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
" Massa Horn." His ways were unique and his humor
original. As I pen these lines how the recollections
of his doings and sayings come trooping before me !
One day he had a peculiarly pious streak on, and
by the way I think it was Sunday. Some of the boys
were playing cards and as I remember it was for a
"twenty-five cent sutler ticket a corner and no limit."
Mike sought a prominent place and began a sermon.
His first words were: " Would to God I was a preacher
that I could talk to ye; here you are with your lives
in jeopardy every day, and you are cursing, taking the
name of God in vain. What would your parents say
if they should hear you cursing and swearing ? Oh,
my heart bleeds for you." At this point a loaf of stale
bread struck Mike on the side of the head, nearly
knocking him down, when he turned and exclaimed,
" Oh, you  , etc." He poured out such a volume of
curses on the head of the thrower as would have
made the "fiddler of Donareal" envious.
On one occasion when watching a corporal who
lifted his feet very high when he stepped, Mike re
marked: " He always walks like a hen afore day."

I have often remarked that I was never under fire
when I did not see something to make me laugh, and
I presume my experience would be confirmed by most
soldiers. On the morning of March 8, 1865, when we
were supporting a section of the battery that was ex
changing shots with the guns of the enemy at Kins
ton, N. C, a chap named McCourt, a recruit, declared
he wanted to see what the rebs were about anyway,
and with that he began to climb a tree just in front of
Co. H. When he had got up about twenty feet a shell
came through the top of the tree, making kindling
wood of it right and left. McCourt let go and dropped
to the ground amid the laughter and jeers of the
whole company. A few moments later as Sergt.

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 247
Beecher of Co. E and myself were lying on our
knapsacks, another shell struck in the ground by
Beecher's head, ploughing along by me and explod
ing just as it came out, sprinkling both of us with a
liberal portion of the sacred soil of North Carolina.
Beecher brushed the dirt out of his eyes and remarked,
" I guess they are finding out where we are."

There has been much said about " civilized war
fare." There is no such thing. War at its best is
barbarism, and no honest man who ever went over a
battlefield before the smoke has cleared away and
has seen what he must see, can doubt the truth of
Gen. Sherman's remark that "war is hell."
When driven from our position at the rail fence at
the battle of Kinston in 1865, I crossed the road on
the right with a dozen others and attempted to make
a stand in a clump of pine trees; of the twelve men,
seven were shot down in less time than I write this
paragraph. I fired once holding my rifle by the side
of a tree. One ball pierced my hat and another
stopped in the tree not far from my nose. I was so
frightened that I think my hair had elevated my hat
and it may have been the means of saving my scalp.
Harmon Johnson of Co. G was standing near and
raised his gun, but his forehead was that instant
pierced by a minnie ball. Sergt. Smith of Co. PI fell
with a ball in his right knee.
Before I could load my piece after taking that last
shot, two Enfield rifles with a " gray back '' behind
each were thrust in my face, with the command,
" you d  d Yank, surrender." I remarked, grace
fully as I could in the circumstances, " I think I
will." I was soon started with two guards toward
the mill, but slipped away suddenly, resolving to get
down through to our lines again, and with that in
view I went directly back to that very clump of

248 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
trees, and as I was passing, Sergt. Smith said, " Hen,
for God's sake don't leave me." I stopped and ex
amined his wound, when up came another Confede
rate, and took me prisoner again. I protested that I
should stay with my brother, and while we parleyed,
Gen. Bragg and staff came riding by. I saluted,
called him by name, and asked if I could not stay
with my brother, and he replied, "Yes, and if any
one disturbs you, tell them you are here by order
of Gen. Bragg." Later I had a pass given me to
remain on the field, by a surgeon on Gen. Hoke's
staff. I then devoted my time to doing what I could
for our wounded. I had a really fine pen-knife which
took the eye of one of the young Confederate sur
geons, and this I traded with him for a quantity of
morphine, which I administered to such as needed it
so long as it lasted. One little Frenchman, of Co. E,
I found with both hips shattered, and he had endured
the agony for four long hours, and as he saw me he
exclaimed, "Oh, Sergeant, do shoot me, do shoot me."
I gave him a dose of the blessed pain destroyer, and
his way to death was made easy. Two hours later I
looked into his face ; the agonized expression was
gone, and the poor boy had entered upon his last long
sleep. Elias Andrews I found was shot through the
abdomen and Charley Patterson through the stomach.
I administered a liberal dose of morphine to each, and
before I left the field, at midnight, both had fallen
asleep. The hours that day seemed longer than days.
From about ii a.m. until an hour past midnight I was
constantly at work helping move the wounded or
giving temporary dressing to wounds.
Most of the wounded were gathered in and about
Dr. Cobb's house. The piazza was covered with men
who had been placed there when it began to rain.
Corp. Mandeville I remember as sitting on the floor,
leaning back against the house; his breast was ex
posed, and I saw in it a ghastly hole, from which

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

249

blood oozed at every breath. In one of the cabins lay
Capt. Bassett of Co. A. About eight o'clock I gave him
a drink of water. I heard some one calling from far off
in the woods, and I finally prevailed on a Confederate
soldier to take a stretcher and go with me after the
sufferer. It seemed a long time before we found the
sufferer, who proved to be a comrade named Tibbits,
a drafted Wisconsin recruit. One hip was broken,
and as he weighed nearly two hundred pounds, it
really seemed as if we would never get him to Dr.
Cobb's house; in fact, it was past ten o'clock before we
did so. I was becoming exhausted, but just then a
number of baggage wagons came up with orders to
load in the wounded " Yanks." I assisted in putting
in nearly all, and it was just one o'clock when I lifted
Mike Buckley of Co. E and Sergt. Smith of Co. H
into an old rickety wagon. I rode outside with the
driver. Just before we were ready to start I paid one
more visit to the shanty where I left Capt. Bassett,
and saw him outside, dead, and divested of his uni
form. Just before I went to the old wagon I took out my
watch to see the time, and it was near one o'clock; as
I shut the time-piece a young Confederate approached
me, and remarked, " I am a surgeon and need a watch
very much." I said, " Why don't you get one then ?"
and he replied, "I propose to, and like that one of
yours." I was getting "hot," but he said, "unless
you let me have it you can't go with your brother." —
I heard Smith's voice from the wagon begging me to
give it to him, which I did with a remark similar to
the one McManus used when I took the spoon. This
surgeon said his name was Williams, and that his
home was in Hartwell, Georgia. He politely handed
me $100 in Confederate notes, but I replied, "keep
your d  d rags;" but he remarked, "they may be
useful to you where you are going," so I took them,
and three or four days after traded them for biscuits

250 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
and fried eggs, which were much relished by the
wounded. Ten dollars would buy two biscuits and
one fried egg.
The ride from the old mill to the village of Kin
ston was a fearful trip for the wounded, and how one
of them survived it I can't understand. Every jolt
brought a chorus of groans from the poor fellows
with broken arms and legs. I suppose we were not
more than an hour on the road, but it seemed an age.
When we arrived at Kinston I was directed to an
old store-house already crowded with the dead and
wounded from both armies. The only means of light
ing it was by a few bits of tallow candles. Sleep for
me was out of the question, though finally I lay down
exhausted, and for a time was lost in dreams. When I
started up the sunshine was just streaming in. May
such a sight never again be presented to man. I saw
among those crowded on the floor Maj. Osborn, who
greeted me with a cheery "good morning." It was
remarkable how men with shattered limbs and great
gaping wounds could forget their agony in sleep.
Only a few feet from where I reclined lay a Georg
ian soldier talking incoherently, with a bullet hole
through his head, from which the brains were oozing.
As the full day came in, men lying in their blood,
and whose every motion was torture, actually be
came cheerful, and joked each other as they com
pared wounds. All distinction of Blue and Gray was
dropped in that room that morning, and when the
Confederate surgeon came to begin his work he
seemed lost in humanity. He called me to his assist
ance in administering chloroform when he began to
amputate, and finally he had me use the trenchelum
in taking up the arteries as he put the keen knife
through the quivering flesh of an arm or leg. My
face was repeatedly sprayed with blood while thus
engaged. I did not keep count of the amputations,
but there were many, and for five hours that surgeon

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 251
worked at his humane task without halting, and then
he asked me to " have a snack " with him.
The meal consisted of biscuits and bacon, and
though the biscuits were hard and tough, no epicure
ever relished a feast more than I did that, eaten
though it was in the midst of all that suffering.
Toward night there was a sudden commotion.
Officers were hurrying to and fro, and soon orders
came to move all the wounded to a train of box cars
that stood on the track not far away. It seemed to
me little short of downright murder, but at it I went,
lifting the poor fellows into the old baggage wagons
and then into the filthy cars, and not until after 8
o'clock was the last sufferer loaded. That night was
one of unutterable horror. There was no light in
the cars, and before the train reached Goldsboro, it
stopped and started at least twenty times, and at
every start a jerk was given that sent a thrill of
agony from one end of the train to the other. In the
car where I was I could distinctly hear the broken
bones grate at such times. I felt as if I would shoot
the engineer if I could, for it seemed to me he did
it from sheer cruelty.
It was about two o'clock on the morning of the
ioth when we arrived at Goldsboro. Two wagons
were sent to the train to take the wounded to the old
Fair-ground building, some distance from the track.
After assisting in getting off several loads, the men
who had been sent to help me disappeared, and from
the last two cars I, without assistance from any one,
lifted every man into the wagons, and then from the
wagons to the building, and as I carried the last one
in, the first red streaks of morning came straggling
in through the cracks of the barn-like structure. I
sat down by the side of Smith, leaned my head
against a board and slept for just an hour. To de
scribe each individual case in that room as I found it,
would fill a volume, for there were at least 100 men

252 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
either suffering from wounds or in the delirium of
fever. Close to where I had sat down lay Kearney of
Co. I, badly wounded in the side, but when I awoke he
was dead. His body lay there until after noon, when I
got a teamster to help me move it out doors. That en
tire room was left by the Confederate surgeon for me
to attend to, and I went to work dressing the wounds
as best I could. I gave Major Osborn my first at'ten^
tion. His wound I did not regard as dangerous, and
after dressing it, I filled his big pipe, lit it, and he
puffed away on it cheerfully as could be. Next to
the Major lay Lieut. Bishop, who was paralyzed from
his shoulders down. In dressing his wound he com
plained of pain on the opposite side from where the
ball entered, and making an examination, I found the
missile just under the skin. I called a surgeon, who
made a slight incision, and removed the ball, hand
ing it to Bishop. Osborn remarked, " Bish', you are
better than ten dead men now," whereat both smiled.
Sometime during the day Col. Tolles and several of
the line officers came under a guard, and were per
mitted to talk a little while with the sufferers. I
shook hands with them at the door, and promised to
do all in my power to relieve the suffering of the
comrades, and I sacredly kept this promise. Just as
they disappeared I heard guns booming away to the
south, and I knew it meant Schofield was coming.
Among the wounded was Corporal Allen of the
17th Mass., and I can't resist recording this incident:
I saw a Confederate soldier pull a $10 greenback,
stained with blood, from his pocket, on the field at
Kinston. The poor fellow had one hip badly shat
tered, and so high up that amputation was not pos
sible. I dressed his wound as well as I could. In
the afternoon a Confederate surgeon came in to inj
spect my work. Corporal Allen asked him to look
at his wound, and I took off the bandages. " Well,
doctor, what do you think of my chances ? " " Young

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

253

man," said the doctor, "you may live two days, not
longer at the most." " Well," replied Allen, " I am
much obliged. I wanted the truth." I did up the
wound again, and then he asked if I would fill and
light my pipe for him, which I did. He puffed a
moment on the pipe, and then said, " Will you write
to my wife, Amy J. Allen, New Bedford, Mass., and
say to her I died a soldier ? — that's all." This boy
was only twenty-two years of age, but as ardent with
love for his country as was Nathan Hale.
During the forenoon of the nth, Burke of Co. G
died from lock-jaw as I held his head on my arm
trying to pry open his teeth, to force some brandy
down his throat. His arm had been amputated at
the shoulder.
The weather had become cold and there was not
covering enough for one-half the men, and one of the
wounded pulled off' the blanket I had spread over poor
Burke's body and wrapped it around himself. Teams
came suddenly with orders to load in the officers and
all privates able to be moved. I found the surgeon
and implored him to have the order delayed, but it
was of no avail. I felt sure Gen. Schofield's force
would free us in twenty-four hours or more if we
remained where we were. Maj. Osborn, Lieut. Bishop
and many others were loaded into the wagons and it
was my last farewell to them, for they were all carried
away to the Salisbury prison-pen. Two days later I
found myself in the little Masonic hall at High Point,
N. C, with the following persons all badly wounded:
Lieut.-Col. Bartholomew, 27th Mass.; Corp. Shoals,
same regiment; Sergt. Snell, 17th Mass.; Sergt. Smith,
Co. H; Johnson, Co. E; Privates McDonald, Co. I and
Gavin, Co. C.
A Confederate surgeon informed me that I was
expected to take care of all these, and that he would
come now and then and see how we got along. Some
of the wounded required attention every hour, and

?S4

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

bandages were so scarce I had to wash them out and
use them over and over again. I worked night and
day at my task until Marches, and never once un
dressed or lay down to sleep; all the rest I took from
March Sth to the 25th was sitting with my head
against the wall and never over an hour at a time.
The only light I had at night was composed of a dish
of grease with a rag in it lighted. On the night of
the 25th of March, I informed the doctor that I was
nearly played out and must have help. Sergt. Smith
was failing fast and Johnson of Co. E had suffered
from a bad hemorrhage from the wound in his
shoulder and in consequence was very weak. About
ten o'clock I tried to rise and get the dish of water to
wet the bandages, but was unable to do so. I crawled
to the fire-place, lit my rag and worked round the
room on my hands and knees and attended to each
wound. Johnson was the last, and as I tried to fix
the bandage he gave a scream and a purple stream
shot from the wound in the shoulder, deluging the
blankets. I gathered what strength I had and
wrapped a bandage round that shoulder as tight as I
could, and then the room spun with me like a top and
I was lost in darkness. On the morning of April nth
I woke hearing someone pounding. I tried to think
where I was and how I came there. I made an effort
to raise my head, it would not move. Then I heard a
kindly voice say: "Give him a spoonful of this every
half hour. He will live or die to-day." I had come
back to life and knew where I was. I was in the ante
room of the hall on a straw bed. I spoke and Dr. B.
F. Smallwood, Confederate that he was, came to me
and said in a gentle tone, " keep quiet, you have been
very sick." No man ever more tenderly nursed a
brother back to life than he did me. He sat by me
for hours the next few days, and his wife would fre
quently take his place in watching and tenderly
administering medicine and nourishment and as a

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 255
result, in a week I could talk and eat. Smith and
Johnson had both died, but all the rest were getting
on nicely. Shoals and Garvin were each minus a leg,
but managed to get around with the aid of some im
provised crutches. The next few days went quickly
by, for the people came in to see us and seemed
anxious to treat us kindly. A Confederate brought
Col. Bartholomew's sword to him, which was taken
at Kinston. I will pass over the time which intervened until
the first week in May when our little party arrived
together at New Berne. Here Col. B. met his wife
who had come down from Massachusetts to find his
body. At this point we separated, and from that day
to this I have never met any of that party. I was
offered then three months' extra pay and my dis
charge, but declined, and asked to be sent to my regi
ment at Kinston, and May 7th found me again among
the boys I went out with, and whom I wanted to go
home with.
If these hastily written sketches shall prove of
interest to some old comrade, or tend to deepen a
sense of true patriotism in the mind of any reader,
I shall feel the time used in this work is not entirely
lost. I recall with great satisfaction my three years'
companionship with the officers and men of the 15th
C. V., and in it all there is no sting of malice or bit
terness, and with this, comrades, accept my salute.
A VISIT TO FREDERICKSBURG, VA., IN 1892.
[From the New Haven Journal and Courier, August 25.]
Following is the first installment of tbe highly
interesting paper read at the reunion of the old 15th
C. V., in Milford yesterday by Sheldon B. Thorpe of
North Haven, the regiment's historian.
It is said of the Rev. Dr. Cooke, a celebrated
Presbyterian preacher, when upon the occasion of

256 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
the dedication of a small church in the country he
was asked to suggest a suitable inscription to be
placed over the main door, advised the use of these
words: " This is not a barn."
In something of the same spirit I think I may pre
face what I shall say with the declaration: This is
not a romance! It relates to the plain, matter-of-fact
visit which Lieut. S. F. Linsley and the speaker paid
to Fredericksburg, Va., last September.
Wherever else the 15th Conn, may have marched,
and on whatever other spots pitched its tents — or
staid without any — there are two localities which be
long in the front rank. These are Fredericksburg and
Kinston. We shall always associate these towns
where, in the first place, we weren't gobbled and
might have been, and, in the second case, we were
gobbled and mightn't have been. There were various
other points of dissimilarity, but as it is Virginia to
day, instead of North Carolina, let us drop the latter
and turn to Fredericksburg.
I suppose at least one-half, perhaps more of you,
visited Washington last September and saw for the
first time since December 1, 1862, Arlington heights
and the adjacent country. Some of you visited our old
camp ground — Camp Chase. It looked familiar
(although one comrade said he only remembered
where the "guardhouse" stood). As we wandered
over the old site and one and another spoke of some
incident of those days, I noticed that some of the
more gray -headed ones became strangely quiet and
thoughtful. Nearly half the average life of man has
passed since we filed into that field that hot afternoon
in August, 1862. Who could help recalling those
days. Their experiences were new; they made more
forcible impressions than many perhaps really more
significant, which came later in our career.
Long Bridge looked like an old friend, and so did
the " guard-quarters " at the west end, where we spent

DEFENSE OF THE UNION.

257

so many happy (?)• days and nights. Forts Albany
and Jackson had disappeared, it is true, but when we
were told that their heavy earth walls had been
wrought into millions of brick for homes for the peo
ple we felt consoled. Truly " the sword had gone to
be a ploughshare."
Fort Runyon, with its fever-ridden sentry post,
had also vanished in the march of time, and there was
not even the smell of commissary whiskey in the air
where it once stood. But men, the plain, that plain
over which we were so frequently trotted during the
hottest days of the fall, on battalion or brigade drill,
or for review, lay there serene as ever. Oh, yes !
The boys knew that field. They could point out the
identical spot where we stood the afternoon " Augus
tus" was sent for "the blue book" to disentangle us
from the snarl into which we had fallen, and also that
other place where we were so passionately asked by
our commander, "Why in  ¦ the battalion didn't
move." But we are not to go into camp this afternoon at
this place. We must hurry on to the Rappahannock.
Linsley and myself did not move toward this place
over the same cold, stormy route through " My Mary
land " that we took in 1862, but in a comfortable car
rattling along the banks of the Potomac, until a sud
den curve of the railroad swung us away from the
river and led through woods, swamps and cuts, a
little below Falmouth. We wanted to go via Acquia
Creek, to see if we could discover the axe the quarter
master lost there, or Frank Mosher's ration of mo
lasses, but could not find the time. A few minutes
later and we were crossing the railroad bridge built
on the same piers we saw standing naked and black
ened in the river in 1862.
We passed the battered old mill on the bank with
its water-wheel exposed now as then, and were landed
at the depot just across Carolina street, where we lay
17

258 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
on our arms (or those did who di'dn't steal beds from
the houses) the first night we crossed into the city in
1862. No time was wasted in getting down to business,
and though a fine rain was falling, we started out.
The city has changed but little. The old uneven
sidewalks have not been graded, the streets are un-
paved, the box shrubbery grows in the front yards,
the houses are dingy, the outbuildings have a decrepit
appearance. Nobody appeared at the front doors to
welcome us any more than in 1862, and so I am un
able to state whether changes have been going on in
the interiors of the houses or not. It seems reason
able to conclude that some of the citizens must have
purchased new furniture at least — or else gone with
out any.
We saw a number of the inhabitants, but none of
them appeared to recognize us. We did learn, how
ever, that there was a person living there hopelessly
insane, who was made so at the time of our first visit,
and this was the man whom Bill Nichols met. It
seems that Nichols, in common with one or two others
of the regiment, had entered a house to borrow a fine
tooth comb. Bill was rumaging around, so the story
goes, and had found a dozen eggs, when suddenly
a man (the owner) appeared before him. Nichols
rushed for him, caught his hand, and began to shake
heartily. " Glad to see you," says Bill, " glad to see
you. Your name is perfectly familiar to me, but I
can't recall your face. I am looking for a hen to set
these eggs under." It is said that the man was so
overcome by Bill's cheek that he fled out of that
house a howling idiot, and has remained so ever
since. The gas works carry on business at the old site,
and the vacant lots in its vicinity indicate very little
anxiety to build upon them. It is certain no real
estate boom has yet struck that quarter of the city

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 259
in which we were temporarily located. The narrow,
sunken road that led from the west end of the pon
toon bridge and up which we filed into the city had
not changed. The river bank where we lay and
" cursed " the Dutch gunners on the opposite heights
because of their imperfect ammunition, was as natu
ral and attractive (?) as when we were stretched out
upon it. The heights on the Union side showed in
many places where the cannon were planted which
hammered the city so relentlessly. The old gunboat
wreck had long ago made some junk man happy, and
the river rolled along swollen and yellow.
We looked diligently for traces of the "cracker
boxes" in which Companies D and I carried sand so
carefully upon the pontoon bridge the night we re
treated, but none were found. We thought we saw
the spot where Captain Hubbard stood that night
when he told Major Crosby, of General Wilcox's staff,
to go to that place which Chaplain Miller was em
ployed to keep the men out of, but it may be we were
mistaken. From this point we turned to the rear of the city,
or "towards the front," as we knew it in 1862. Here
we were not so certain about our old positions. Con
siderable change had taken place in the lay-out of
the fields, and unfamiliar fences confused us. We suc
ceeded but imperfectly in locating the meadows over
which we moved in line of battle toward the evening
of the 13th, or the low bluff behind which we lay
down at the time Adjutant Brown became so excited
about our welfare. A comrade from Company A
located the right of the regiment as resting near the
railroad bridge. Assuming such was the case, we
saw the long blue line stretching well down the
meadow, and half of it (left wing) lying more or
less in the water and the swamp.
The city has extended in small measure toward
Marye's Heights and along the Government road

260 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
leading to the National cemetery. This road is a
solid bit of work, though lacking in width to make
it attractive. It leads from Carolina street up to the
cemetery. The latter enclosure is a well kept place.
On its eastern slope is the famous "sunken road."
To enter this burial place is to get a new idea of
what it cost to cross that narrow river, and but for
being held " in reserve " during the fight, some of us
might be sleeping there to-day.
But we cannot wait longer in the city or on the
field. I observe many of you are impatient to cross
to the east bank and get to housekeeping at " Camp
Mud " once more.
Our experiences in finding the choice little spot
we called "home" for a couple of months, included a
personal examination of a large part of all the terri
tory between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers,
that is, it seemed so. Starting in at the head of that
ravine down which we marched and in which we
halted when first coming under fire of the rebel bat
teries, and where Thompson was killed, we struck
directly back into the country along a road we felt
sure would land us in about an hour (as Linsley
walks) on the blissful spot.
But it didn't do anything of the kind. We skir
mished up every hill, and poked through every hol
low, but the camp didn't materialize. We reckoned
we had "advanced back" at least four miles when
the highway itself suddenly faded out. Clearly then,
we were on no road to Acquia Creek. We inquired at
every cabin we saw — scratched our backs on barbed
wire fences, showed our legs to an innumerable num
ber of dogs — but with no results except to confirm
the growing impression in our minds that two fools
had got lost in Virginia.
It was at length told us at one of the miserable
dwellings on the way that on the road toward " Belle
Plain " we would find an elderly man who lived in the

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 261
vicinity during the war. This "simon pure" native
we were further informed would be found digging a
grave. This last bit of information was hopeful to
us, and perhaps to the deceased also, in whose inter
ests the grave was being dug, for taking into con
sideration the lonesomeness of the country, it seemed
to our Northern eyes as if anybody would be far hap
pier under the soil than he could possibly be on it.
We launched out in the direction indicated, and
after half-an-hour's further survey, found our man.
He was busy with half a dozen others in hollowing
out of the stony ground a last resting place for a
neighbor. The spot was under a clump of trees in a
corner of a pasture on a hill. We did not see the
tenant who was to occupy this narrow home. She
was an old lady who lay in an adjoining dwelling,
and had spent her long life within a few rods of
where she was soon to be buried. It was the old, old
story being repeated, and as I saw how rude and poor
the people seemed, and how her coffin would be, quite
likely, home-made, and perhaps no clergyman pres
ent (for we nowhere saw signs of a church), and how
barren of those deft little touches that go to soften
this sad service in New England would be that rite, I
thought the boys who were buried in their blankets
on the distant heights, after all had the best of it.
Theirs is " Fame's eternal camping ground;-' her's is
a lonely, neglected fence corner.
We discovered in our informant one who remem
bered somewhat of the battle, though it did not ap
pear he was as greatly interested in it as we were.
We learned our course was set too far south, and that
the portion of the army which crossed at Acquia
Creek came over what was known as the " White Oak
Road." This thoroughfare lay from one to two miles
farther north. Indicating with his hand in a general
direction a patch of woods on a distant hill, we were
told to " git by thar," and it would be found. It

262 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
proved as he said. After half an hour through
swamps, along hills, over fields where the weeds
stood shoulder high, we " got by thar," and came
out on a clean, well - traveled highway. We had
struck the "White Oak Road," sure, but whereabouts
by its side was the site of our ancient camp was as
much an uncertainty as ever. Every foot of ground
was carefully examined for a long distance, and
though we fancied at one time we had found a loca
tion which answered the requirements, still there
was a lingering doubt after all, whether the ground
was historic for us.
It was full of associations for somebody, as every
rod of it showed traces of camps, and many a lad be
sides those from Connecticut had a squatter's lien on
that soil. Luckily came rattling along the road a
gray-haired old fellow, once a resident of New Eng
land, whom we "held up " for information.
"Do you remember Burnside's army in 1862?"
"Yes."
" Do you know where it lay ? "
"Yes; all around here."
"Did you know any Connecticut regiments?"
"No."
" Do you know where the pontoon train lay the
night before the battle ? "
" Yes."
"Can you take us there?"
"Yes; get in."
Our spirits rose — that is, metaphorically — (Linsley
won't have any other.) Both felt the moment our
eyes rested on the slope along which that December
afternoon the pontoons were gathered, we would be
saved. And so it proved. A ride of fifteen minutes
back into the country and then the whole picture
flashed upon us. The woods, the plains, the hills, the
hollows, were again peopled with armed hosts; their
camp-fires made the heavens dim and their drums beat

DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 263
the old familiar " calls." Our regiment seemed to be
passing again with its full ranks through the camps
on each side and we heard the hearty welcomes :
"Hurrah for the 15th Conn.!" "Glad to see you,
boys ! " " Three cheers for old Connecticut ! " and
other like exclamations which then made every man
of us proud that he had come from the old nutmeg
state. Let me turn back in reality to that day and recall
an actual incident. Of the thousands who greeted us
as we passed along to the front I remember one who
expressed his surprise at our appearance somewhat
differently from his comrades, at least he was more
pointed in his remarks, for slowly steadying himself
on a pair of rather treacherous legs, he inquired of
the speaker with great astonishment, " What part of
h  did you fellers come from ? "
As it was no time to teach him geography, he was
left in ignorance.
The landscape Linsley and myself looked up re
called a thousand things. None of you could revisit
that place and not find the past coming up as a flood.
There are memories stored away with you all which
only need a word, a glimpse to resurrect them.
But we had more in view than to dwell in the past,
and reluctantly turned our backs on the scene. Some
thing like a mile perhaps beyond where the pontoons
lay, we found at last the object of our search — " Camp
Mud." There was no mistake about the spot. It lay
there, the most innocent looking piece of ground you
ever saw, dressed up as a corn field and the stalks
bowing and waving us a welcome. From right to left
there was the easy slope — the ravine in the rear — the
bluff opposite it and the woods beyond. In the front
was the same large field where we did battalion drill
and had dress parades, now a fine and well kept
meadow. In some places the bushes of then, were the
trees of now, but in the main, the contour of the

264 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
country had but little changed since Burnside's hosts
tramped over its face and burrowed in its bosom. No
new buildings had been erected, but a few fences here
and there appeared to have been replaced. Nature
had been noiselessly busy thirty years healing and
softening the wounds and scars men made in as many
days. To the stranger there was nothing to indicate
that a great army once swarmed there — that it crossed
yonder river — that it showed bravery on those heights
that no Shiloh, no Lookout mountain, no Gettysburg,
no field anywhere can overtop — that it left dead
nearly 13,000 on the field — that it returned here
beaten, baffled, decimated, lashed by the storm and
chilled by the wind, yet with every color saved.
The evidences of our occupation had not entirely
disappeared. Old cups, pieces of canteens, fragments
of kettles, buckles, iron hoops, bits of glass (particu
larly in Co. C's street), rusty nails, and other memor
ials were freely scattered about. No traces' of the
stockade sides of our cellars could be discovered, how
ever, as was the case at a camp some distance back.
Nor did we see anything of the horses some of our
fellows rode after we returned from the battle. Lins
ley was of the opinion that samples of the "hard
tack " issued, might be dug up still whole and sound
if one had time to look for them, and he unblushingly
declared he could still smell in the air the odor of
that cheese the sutler had for sale at Christmas time.
Comrades, pardon this rambling account, but let
me add in closing, that neither my comrade nor
myself regretted as we left that camp-ground, one
moment we had spent or one step we had taken to
find it. We shall never see it again, nor Kinston, nor
Suffolk, nor New Berne, but if there be any comrade
here who has any longing to go over these routes,
and stop on the old fields again, do it, do it, don't
delay, and God speed you.

CHAPTER XV.

CATALOGUE OF THE
Fifteenth Infantry Regiment
OF
CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

Mustered Into United States Service Aug. 25, 1862.
Mustered, out of United States Service June 27, 1865.

REPRINTED FROM THE CONNECTICUT RECORD OF 1889,
WITH ADDITIONAL NOTES TO JANUARY 1, 1894.

ABBREVIATIONS.
Adj  Adjutant. M. 0  Mustered out.
Ap  Appointed. Musc  Musician.
Must  Mustered.

Art  Artillery.
Batt  Battalion.

Par  Paroled.
Priv  Private.
Cap  Captured. pro  Promoted.
Capt  Captain. Red  Reduced.
Co  Company. Re2  Regiment.
Resgd  Resigned.
Corp  Corporal. Serg  Sergeant.
Des  Deserted. Trans  Transferred.
Dis  Disability. U S C I -^ United States
Disc  Discharged. "°  ' Colored Infantry.
Fur  Furlough.
Lt  Lieutenant.

U. S. N  United States Navy.
i

V R C ' Veteran

Reserve Corps.

Maj  Major. Wd  Wounded.

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CHAPTER XVI.
THE NEW BERNE MONUMENT.
The following illustration represents the memo
rial about to be erected by the Regimental Associa
tion in the National Cemetery at New Berne, N. C,
in honor of their comrades buried in that enclosure.
[See 26th reunion, page 173].
The monument is of Barre granite. Its bottom
base is five feet square and fifteen inches high; the
second base, three feet nine inches square and seven
teen inches high; while the die is three feet square and
five feet six inches high. Total height of monument
a little more than eight feet. The design was adopted
at a largely attended mid-winter meeting of the Asso
ciation, held in Meriden, and the construction of the
work was awarded to the New England Granite Co.,
under the supervision of the Quartermaster-General
of the State.
This memorial fitly tells its purpose at a glance.
In addition to the designs and inscription appears
the following legend upon the face:
To the Men
Who Died of Yellow Fever
in 1864,
And Those Who Fell in Action
before Kinston,
March 8, 1865.
Here follows a list of those still sleeping in New
Berne cemetery,* and in whose honor the regiment
* A few bodies were removed North at the close of the war. The names of such
do not appear, but may be found on pages 77-78. It is not known at this writing
that those buried on the field at Kinston have ever been moved.

I5TH CONN. MONUMENT, NEW BERNE, N. C.

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION 333
raises this memorial. Strictly speaking, not all can
be said to have died of yellow fever, but of the vari
ous diseases of camp and hospital.

Brown, Charles C,
Redfield, Willis,

COMPANY A.

Uhl, William,*
Williams, Robert O.-

COMPANY B.

Burwell, J. Henry,
Crandall, Dudley W.,
Culver, Henry,
Hawley, Edmond J.,
Bellwood. Theodore,
Bracken, Timothy,
Deane, George,
Johnson, Edward,
Reynolds, Garrett H.
Andrews, Sidney M.,
Baker, John,
Curtiss, Henry L.,
Devine. Patrick,
Hammond, Joseph,
Healey, Thomas,

Baldwin, Chauncey S.
Bosart, Pedro,
Boyle, Charles A.,
Goulding, John,

Miller, Christian,
Reynolds, Elliott,
Smith, Cornelius R. — 7.

COMPANY C.

Reynolds, John,
Sperry, Henry E.,
Striby, Amos,
Sturgess, Joseph A.-

COMPANY D.

Lines, James R.,
Ongermach, John,
Petto, Rotheus,
Story, John O.,
Wade, Charles T.— 11

COMPANY E.

Hull, Ellsworth H,
Hansell, Conrad,
Parsons, Prescott M.
White, Samuel U.— 8

COMPANY F.

Baker, James R.,
Beach, Lyman A.,
Carpenter, Franklin S.
Cook, Alvah J.,
Crowley, Daniel,

Forde, John,
Hull, Sylvanus A.,
Kenney, Alvin,
Robinson, George E.,
Rancorn, Joseph — 10.

* Died from wounds received at the battle of Kinston, N. C

334 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

COMPANY G.

Donnegan, Patrick,
Dougherty, Bernard,
Dutton, Theodore,
Huntley, Albert,
Barnard, Thomas G.,
Benjamin, Charles A..
Cullom Michael,
Miller, Edward A. ,

Morton, Henry,
Mortimer, Alonzo S.,
Stevens, Lyman W. — 7.

COMPANY H.

Norton, Barrett M.,
O'Connell, Jeremiah J.,
Pickett, Elliott R.,
Wilson, Thomas. — 8.

Boylan, Luke,
Dudley, Edward W..
Dugan, John,
Nelson, Jacob,

COMPANY I.

Nutcher, Frederick,
Osborne, John,
Thompson, George W.
Whalen, Adelbert H.-

Parsons, Henry L.

COMPANY K.
Smith, Jacob A. — 2.

CHAPTER XVII.

BIOGRAPHIES.

DEXTER R. WRIGHT,
Colonel 15th Connecticut.
(See Frontispiece.)
Dexter Russell Wright, the son of Alpheus and Anna (Love-
land) Wright, was born at Windsor, Vermont, June 27th, 1821. His
father, Alpheus Wright, was a lineal descendant of the Wright
family, which dates back to the Conquerer William, and has had
many of its sons representing bench and bar from the earliest
times of English jurisprudence.
A few years after Dexter's birth, his father removed to St.
Lawrence County, New York State, where he engaged in the
milling and lumber business, and also operated a woolen factory.
His son Dexter was sent to Wesleyan University at Middletown,
Conn., and was graduated therefrom in 1845, when he became
principal of the academy at Meriden, Conn. In 1846 he began his
legal studies, preparing for his chosen profession at the Yale Law
School and also in the office of the Hon. E. K. Foster, a prominent
jurist. Two years later he received his degree and commenced
the practice of law at Meriden, Conn.
Col. Wright began life as a democrat, and was a warm
adherent of the principles of the party as they were declared in
the period prior to 1861. In 1849 he was elected to the State
Senate from the Sixth Senatorial District, being supported by
both democrats and free soilers.
In the same year the discoveries of gold were introducing to
the world a new country beyond the Rocky Mountains. At this
time Mr. Wright spent two years in California, where he prac
ticed law in the territorial courts and assisted in shaping the juris
prudence of the future state, and in giving to this new country
the great principles of the common law.
In 1851 he returned to Meriden. In the grave situation of
public affairs when' Fort Sumpter was fired upon in April, 1861,
he manifested his loyalty and devotion to the cause of the Union.
Col. Wright made many speeches throughout the state in its sup
port, and with others made earnest efforts to bring the democratic

336 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
party firmly to the support of the administration at Washington,
in its efforts to preserve the Union.
Commissioned by Gov. Buckingham as Lieutenant-Colonel of
the 14th Conn., in the summer of 1862, he was promoted within a
few weeks to the command of the 15th Conn., in which capacity
he led this regiment until his resignation in 1863. In Chapter
XIV will be found a reference to the circumstances which chanced
to deny him_the General's star. Upon his return to civil pursuits
he was appointed commissioner on the board of enrollment for the
Second Congressional District, and also in the same year he was
again elected to the General Assembly. Shortly after he removed
his practice to New Haven where the same personal characteris
tics which had brought him to the front in Meriden, made him the
recipient of nearly all the political honors that the city of New
Haven could bestow.
Col. Wright afterwards served the state again as member of
the General Assembly in 1882, when he was elected speaker, serv
ing as such in the first session in the new capitol at Hartford. He
died in 1886 at New Haven in the 66th year of his age.
Col. Wright married Maria H. Phelps, of Windsor, Conn., in
February, 1848. Six children were born to them, of whom four
survive. It is by the courtesy of his son, Arthur B. Wright, a
lawyer in New York City, that his portrait and this biography is
furnished.

COL. CHARLES L. UPHAM,
15TH Conn. Vols.
(See Portrait, page 90).
Charles L . Upham is by birth a Green Mountain boy, and was
born in Townshend, Vt. , May 24, 1839. At the commencement of
the Rebellion he was living in Meriden, Conn., and enlisted as a
private in Co. B, 3d Conn. Vols., April 25, 1861. He was chosen
ist Sergeant of his company, and as such served the three months'
term, being mustered out August 12, 1861.
The 8th Conn, was already in contemplation by Gov. Bucking
ham when the 3d Conn, arrived home, and Sergt. Upham soon
opened a recruiting office for it. He received a commission as
Captain of Co. K, September iS, 1861, and in October went to the
front with his command. For excellency in soldierly conduct in
general, and for special gallantry at the battles of Antietam and
Fredericksburg, Capt. Upham was promoted to be Major of his
regiment, December 23, 1862, and Lieutenant-Colonel, March 9,
1863. He was wounded at the battle of New Berne, N. O, March

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 337
14, 1862, and was also temporarily placed in command of the 16th
Conn after the battle of Antietam and until the engagement at
Fredericksburg. His last promotion was to the Colonelcy of the 15th Conn.,
April 18, 1863. This was during the memorable siege of Suffolk,
Va. , and his coming gave brilliancy and prestige to the regiment.
Col. Upham was every inch a soldier and a fighter. Had his
brigade been properly supported at Kinston, no such disaster
would have overtaken our forces as Gen. Carter was alorie respon
sible for.
With the muster out of his regiment in 1865, Col. Upham
returned to Meriden, and later in that year organized the dry
goods business house of Ives, Upham & Rand, one of the most
successful institutions of Meriden to-day.
Col. Upham has been twice married, first to Emily L. Clark,
who died in 1864, and second to Elizabeth L. Hall. He was
elected Mayor of Meriden, 1872-3, and has received other proofs
of confidence and esteem from his fellow-citizens.

COLONEL SAMUEL TOLLES.
(See Portrait, page 18).
Samuel Tolles was born in West Haven, Conn., 1817. When
quite a young man he entered the employ of Benjamin W. Stone,
a prominent tailor of New Haven, and learned that trade. Shortly
after, he set up business for himself in the old Franklin building
on Church street, where the Hoadley block now stands] and
remained there until his enlistment in 1862. His long connection
as an officer and worker with that superb military organization
the New Haven Grays, peculiarly fitted him for the position
offered by Gov. Buckingham, in the 15th Conn. Col, Tolles was
not the handsome, dashing, electrifying field officer that novelists
and historians hold up as saviors of countries and kingdoms,
but rather of an undemonstrative nature, cool, self-possessed, fear
less and humane.
Upon muster out of service with his regiment in 1865, he
resumed his old pursuit, continuing for twenty years, or until
1885, when he retired from business to accept an appointment in
the New Haven custom house.
Col. Tolles was well known as an Odd Fellow throughout the
state, being at one time Grand Master. He was also a member
of Wooster Lodge F. and A. M. He died January 12, 1889.

338 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

MAJOR ELI WALTER OSBORN.
(See Portrait, page 44).
Eli Walter Osborn was born in New Haven, July 27, 1834. His
parents were Walter Osborn — formerly an officer of the New
Haven Grays — and Mary Jane Remer. His remote ancestor was
Jeremiah Osborn, one of the original grantees of the town of
New Haven.
Like nearly all of the young men of his time, he was educated
at the Lancasterian School, which he attended until the summer
of 1849, when his parents, with their young family, removed to
Milwaukee, Wis. This region was then in an undeveloped state,
and in a condition to at once attract and develop the active and
adventurous disposition of the boy. Nothing appealed to him as
did the wild condition about him in the suburbs of Milwaukee.
When not in school, to wander in the woods and encamp there,
was a source of unlimited pleasure to him.
In the spring of 1853 the family returned to New Haven, when
young Osborn began his business life with his father and uncle,
the late Edward T. Stanley, in the retail coal trade upon Long
Wharf. In 1855 he joined the Grays and was ever afterwards a most
enthusiastic soldier. This branch of his life was very real and
important to him, and he became an ardent student of tactics. He
was soon a warrant officer and the most rigorous of drill-masters.
A musket in his hands would rattle and move as. though he had
imparted his energy to it. The recruits who fell into his hands
felt they were not playing at soldiering; it was work for them.
jMany a member of the Grays who afterwards became a trusted
¦officer in Connecticut's regiments, acknowledged the benefits of
Ms instruction. His book of tactics was the most important vol
ume in his library. In target practice he was a prime shot. In
those days the guns were loaded in the field from an open keg of
powder, by the company armorer, who at that time was the well-
known humorist, Bill Bishop. He it was who reprimanded the
members for coming too near the latently quiet little barrel with
their lighted cigars, saying: "Boys, you must keep away from
herewith those cigars,— this powder has been afire now two or
three times.''
When the first thrill of war was felt, he was Captain of the
Grays, and though he seemed to feel in every nerve the reality of
the step, was among the most zealous to urge the acceptance by
the State of the company's services. Many a New Havener will
remember the fine appearance of the Grays, as with ranks stretch
ing from curb to curb, they gave a company parade before their

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 339
embarkation to the front with the 2d Regiment That line of
serious young faces is imprinted on many a memory.
On the return of the Grays from the three months' campaign,
Capt. Osborn at once proceeded to assist in the organization of the
15th Conn. His short campaign had only developed his ardor as
a soldier and patriot; thenceforth he was in the war for its dura
tion, or for his life. His furloughs home were very brief. His
place was at the front, and all his enthusiasm enlisted that the
15th should do its whole duty.
It was a sad day in New Haven when his regiment returned
after the action at Kinston, N. O, without their Major. But it
was reported that the wound he had received there would quickly
heal, and he would soon be home again. It was a false hope. The
wound resulted in blood poisoning, and on April 6, 1865, he died,
attended by Private Tate, of the 15th, at Danville, Virginia.
Doubtless the chaotic condition within the Confederacy at that
time, prevented the care he might otherwise have received. His
remains lie in the family lot in the Grove street cemetery.

ADJUTANT PHILIP C. RAND.
(See Portrait, page 108).
First Lieutenant and Adjutant Philip C. Rand was born in
Middletown, Conn., August 24th, 1841. At the breaking out of
the war, he was in the employ of a mercantile house at Meriden,
Conn. When the 15th Regiment was organized, he enlisted in
Capt. Julius Bassett's Co. A, and went to the front as its Orderly
Sergeant. He was promoted to the rank of Second Lieutenant,
May 18th, 1863, and to that of First Lieutenant, November 20th,
1864. Was mustered out with his regiment at the close of the war.
As Adjutant, he was a model officer, faithful in the performance
of duty, brave in action, always a gentleman. In the fall of 1865,
the mercantile house of Ives, Upham & Rand was organized in
Meriden, of which he is a member, and where he now resides.

DR. EDWARD O. COWLES,
First Assistant Surgeon.
(See Portrait, page 54).
Edward O. Cowles was born in North Woodstock, Conn.,
December 22, 1834. He came to North Haven with his father's
family about 1837. He early evinced an interest in medical studies

34°

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

(.his grandfather, Dr. Joseph Foote, being one of the leading phy
sicians of his day) and entered Yale College in 1852. He was gradu
ated in the class of 1856, and entered the medical school in 1859.
Here he received a three years' course, ending just previous to the
call for the "Lyon Regiment." His brother Henry had been in
the army since May, 1861, and he resolved to offer his services also
to his country. He proved a most valuable assistant to Dr.
Holcomb, and during the trying days at New Berne, 1864,
won the admiration of all his comrades, by his pluck and skill in
grappling with the deadly fever there. He is a practicing phy
sician in New York City.

THE REV. D. HENRY MILLER,
Chaplain.
(See Portrait, page 60).
Rev. D. Henry Miller, D. D., was born in the Isle of Jersey,
Oct. 31, 1827. His mother was born in Charlestown, Mass., and
was the daughter of one of the heroes of Bunker Hill. His father
was a native of England. On the death of his father at Jersey,
where his parents had located in search of health, Mrs. Miller
returned to Boston where her son received his first training. He
was for years a student in the Hanover Street Classical Institute.
In 1845 he was graduated from the Wesleyan Institution. Soon
after his graduation he embraced the views of the Baptists and
was licensed to preach by the Stanton Street Baptist Church in
New York.
In 1847 he was ordained pastor of the Third Baptist Church, in
North Stonington, Conn. In 1849, he organized a church of seven
members under an old elm tree in Yonkers, N. Y. , where he
remained until 1857, having built up a membership of one hundred
and fifty, gathered a large congregation and erected an elegant
church edifice.
In 1853, he received the degree of A. M. from Madison Uni
versity. In 1S57, he settled in Meriden, Conn., over the Broad
Street Church, remaining until 1862, when he was commissioned
as Chaplain of the 15th Regiment, Conn. Vols. After two years
of service in the field, he settled as pastor of the large and flour
ishing First Baptist Church, of Trenton, N. J. During this pas
torate he received to the fellowship of the church two hundred and
ninety-nine persons. In 1866, he received the degree of D. D.,
from Lewisburg University, Pa. In 1867, he accepted the pas
torate of the Broad Street Baptist Church, Elizabeth, N. J., at that

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 34I
time the most wealthy Baptist Church in the State. In 1872, he
settled with the Worthen Street Baptist Church, Lowell, Mass. , and
in 1873, accepted a call from the Plymouth Baptist Church, in New
York City. In 1875, he took charge of the Noble Street Church,
Brooklyn, where for ten years he was eminently successful. In
1883, he made an extended tour in Europe and on his return,
resigned his pastorate in Brooklyn, and retired to his " cottage by
the sea " Mystic, Conn., from which he was called as pastor of the
First Baptist Church, of Norwich.
After four years of service in the latter place, Dr. Miller
returned to Mystic, where he has since resided. He has been
elected four years in succession as Department Chaplain of the G.
A. R., in Connecticut.
Dr. Miller succeeded Rev. Dr. Dowling, some years since, in
the Editorship of the Baptist Memorial, in which he continued for
several years, until its sale and removal from New York. His life
has been a busy one, and useful.

LIEUT. JULIUS B. BISSELL,
Company E.
(See Portrait, page 92).
Julius Bidwell Bissell. — This officer was born in New Britain,
Conn., July ist, 1839, and was a son of Lawrence Bissell and
Sabra Bidwell. His boyhood was spent in Plainville and New
Haven. He pursued his studies in New Haven at the schools of
Mr. French and Mr. Russell, until 1856, when he removed to Meri
den. Served time at the machinist's trade, and worked at the man
ufacturing business until i860, pursuing his studies in the mean
time. The winter of 1860-61, commenced reading law with Col.
Wright, in which he was engaged when the Regiment was raised
in 1862. Joined the regiment at New Haven, enlisted in Co.
B, and was then appointed Sergeant Major by warrant dated
August 2, 1862. Received Second Lieutenant's commission in
Co. E, March 30, 1863, and First Lieutenancy in Co. C,
November 9, 1864. Went on the staff of Gen. Innis N. Palmer
in 1864, and served as Judge Advocate and Provost Judge of the
District of North Carolina until about the time the regiment was
mustered out. Acted as Chief Provost Marshal at New Berne, reliev
ing Lieut. Col. Burnham in March, 1865, at the time of the advance
to Kinston. When mustered out, removed to the city of New York,
commenced the practice of law, where he was married, June 29,
1866, and now has two daughters. Was engaged in the active

342 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
practice afterwards, until appointed Commissioner of the Supreme
Court of Colorado in April, 1890, to which State he went in 1878.
In 1892 was appointed Judge of the Court of Appeals of the State,
and at the present time is serving as the President Judge of that
Court.

CAPTAIN JULIUS BASSETT,
Company A.
(See Portrait, page 8).
Captain Julius Bassett was born in Seymour, (then Humpheys-
ville)Conn., February 20, 1818.
He continued a resident of that place uutil the discovery of
gold in California in 1849, when he with a number of others, sailed
from New Haven for San Francisco,- arriving there after a tedious
voyage of over six months.
With the exception of a short visit to his home, he remained on
the Pacific Coast until 1855, when he returned to the East and
became a resident of Meriden.
On the breaking out of the rebellion he was one of the earliest
to respond to the call of President Lincoln for volunteers, enlisting
as a private in the Meriden Company, 3d Connecticut Regiment,
and serving with it in the battle of Bull Run.
He was, as is stated elsewhere in this work, the first to enlist
in the company, which afterwards became Co. A, 15th Conn.
Volunteers, and of which he was elected Captain.
After serving for nearly three years with his regiment in their
various campaigns, he was mortally wounded in the action near
Kinston, N. C, March 8, 1S65.
His family' made every effort to recover his body, but were
unsuccessful, and he rests in an unknown grave upon the field of
battle. In 1885, twenty years after his death, Capt. R. A. Carter, of
Monroe, N. C, wrote to the Governor of Connecticut, asking to
be put in communication with the family of Capt. Bassett.
As the result of this they were in a. short time put in possession
of his sword and sash, which had been presented to him by his
company and bore an inscription to that effect.
Capt. Carter, had in the engagement above referred to, com
mand of the Confederate detachment opposed to that of the 15 th
Regt. In his letter to the f amity, he wrote of Capt. Bassett as "brave
to madness."

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 343
All his comrades will endorse this statement, and agree that
the cause of the Union had no more earnest, patriotic defender,
than Capt. Julius Bassett.

LIEUT. AUGUSTUS P. DAY,
Company B.
(See Portrait, page 190).
Lieut. Augustus P. Day was born in New Haven, Conn., May
9, 1834. His parents were Zelotes Day and Eliza Atwater. He
received his education in the schools in that city.
At the age of sixteen he removed to New Jersey and engaged
in the carriage business.
In 1845 he went to South Carolina, residing in Charleston and
Yorkville. Returning to New Haven in 1859, he continued the
same business until 1862, when, at the call of President Lincoln
for three hundred thousand (300,000) troops, he enlisted in the 15th
Conn. Volunteers, and assisted in raising a company for that regi
ment, receiving a commission of 2d Lieutenant. He was pro
moted to ist Lieutenant, Co. A, October, 1863, was mustered out
with the regiment at the close of the war, and returned with it to
New Haven, where he received his honorable discharge.
In the fall of 1865 he went to Brooklyn, N. Y., and became one
of the firm of S. Tuttle's Son & Co , coal dealers. Lieut. Day was
married in 1873 to Miss Georgia A. Parker, of Meriden, Conn. He
still resides in Brooklyn, with his wife and three daughters.

THEODORE R. DAVIS,
Captain Company B.
(See Portrait, page 10).
The following circular best expresses the record of Capt. Davis
and the estimation in which he was held.
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.
Headquarters Commandery of the State of New York.
New York, March 3d, 1890.
Circular No. 7.
Series 1890.
Whole No. 317.
At a stated meeting of this Commandery, held at Delmonico's,
corner of Fifth Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street, the following
was adopted as the Report of a Committee appointed to draft res-

344

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

olutions relative to late Companion Captain Theodore Rich Davis,
U. S. V. (Insignia No. 2266), who died at Brooklyn, N. Y. , Janu
ary 12, 1890, aged 50 years.
The Committee appointed to draft resolutions relative to the
death of Captain Theodore Rich Davis, U. S. V., respectfully sub
mit the following: Report.
Companion Theodore Rich Davis was born at New Haven,
Conn., on the 22d day of May, 1839, and died on the 12th day of
January, 1890, at his residence, No. 43 McDonough St., Brooklyn,
N. Y., leaving a family consisting of a wife and two daughters.
Companion Davis was elected to membership in the Military
Order of the Loyal Legion, as a member of the First Class, on the
4th day of January, 1882 (Insignia 2266).
Companion Davis was mustered into the service of the United
States on the 25th day of August, 1862, as captain of Co. B, 15th
Regiment of Infantry, Connecticut Volunteers, and subsequently
served in the gth, 18th and 23d Army Corps, and participated with
his regiment in the following engagements: Fredericksburg,
December 13th, 1862; Providence Church Road, May 3d, 1863;
Siege of Suffolk, April 12th, 1863; Edenton Road, April 24th, 1863;
Kinston, March 8th, 1S65. He was captured March Sth, 1865, and
confined in Libby Prison, Virginia, exchanged April 22d, 1865, and
mustered out of service June 27th, 1865.
His character and services as an officer and soldier are described
in the following letter received from Col. Geo. M. White, Assistant
Adjutant-General of the State of Connecticut, late captain of the
15th Connecticut Volunteers:
" Capt. Davis deservedly held a very high place in the affection
and esteem of the members of his regiment; officers and men
alike respecting him from first acquaintance, for the frank manli
ness of his nature, the courteous and generous impulses which
always marked his bearing towards his associates; and, above all,
for the unfailing fidelity and cheerfulness with which he per
formed, fully and to the letter, each and every duty assigned him.
Brave as the bravest wherever bravery was called for, he had
all the tenderness of a woman for a comrade in distress.
His comrades will never forget the utter disregard of self with
which he daily visited the bedsides of his men and his fellow
officers, who were stricken with yellow fever during the prevalence
of that fearful scourge at New Berne, N. C, in 1864; nor the equal
faithfulness with which he personally ministered to the sick and
helpless citizens of the town whom their nearest friends had
deserted in terror.

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 345
It was my fortune to be with Capt. Davis during his first two
days and nights as a prisoner of war, and when our Major and
Adjutant, both mortally wounded and helpless, were about to be
left to die on the ground while we were hurried awa}- under guard.
The bold persistence with which Capt. Davis demanded, in the
name of humanity, that we be allowed to remain with our dying
comrades until they might be placed under shelter and care, finally
secured for him and myself a verbal parole to stay by them until
we might see them lodged in a hospital, or at least in the hands of
a surgeon. Not until they were having the best care the Confederacy could
give them in the Fair Ground Hospital at Goldsboro, did he con
sent to leave them and take up his line of march for Richmond
and Libby Prison.
This was but a characteristic example of the fearless but courte
ous determination with which, as a man and an officer, Capt. Davis
was always ready to meet an emergency, regardless of self and
with no thought but of duty.
While a member of the 15th Regiment survives, Capt. Davis
will be remembered with the warmest feelings of regard. He was
a brave soldier, a genial comrade, and a nobleman, if this Repub
lic ever had one."
This Committee would respectfully submit the following reso
lutions: Resolved. That this Commandery has learned of the death of
our late companion, Theodore R. Davis, with feelings of profound
sorrow and regret.
Resolved, That in the death of our late companion, this Com
mandery has lost a noble, genial comrade and friend, and the
nation an unselfish and loyal citizen and defender.
Resolved, That the Commandery tender to the family of our
late companion, Theodore R. Davis, our earnest sympathy.
Resolved, That this report be made » part of the records of
this Commandery, and that a copy of the same be sent to Mrs.
Davis. [Official]. Geo. DeForest Barton, Recorder.

CAPT. GEORGE M. WHITE.
COMPANY E.
(See Portrait, page 102),
George M. White was born in old Windham Co., Conn. At
thirteen years of age he left his home to shift for himself and after
trying various pursuits at length found himself teaching a country

346 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
district school in Litchfield County. There he remained two sea
sons with the result that he acquired such a desire for a better
education as to lead him to enter Gen. Russell's Institute, in New
Haven, in 1859, with the intention to fit himself to enter Yale Col
lege. The military tactics taught at the institute caught young
White's fancy, and in an incredibly short time he mastered all the
details. When the call to arms rang through the North, and the
First Conn. Regiment was beiug organized, White was sent down
to its camp for a few days as a. drill master. His service there
was so marked that Col. Tyler offered him a lieutenancy in its
color company, and though this was but a couple of hours before
the regiment was to leave for the front, White accepted and
acquitted himself with distinction.
At the expiration of the three months' service of this command
he entered Russell's school again, and remained until the Lyon
regiment was called for in 1862. His class was about to enter
college, but White threw down his books, opened a recruiting
office and presently received a commission as captain of the fifth
company in that organization. In 1864 he was offered the col
onelcy of the ioth Conn. , but declined the honor. His record in
the 15th Conn, speaks for itself. At the close of the war Capt.
White was chosen Chief of Police of New Haven, a position which
he filled with great ability, resigning eventually to accept a lucra
tive office in a gold mining company situated in North Carolina.
Reverses overtook this concern during the " Ku-Klux " excite
ment, and Capt. White returned to Connecticut. For a few years
he filled various positions of trust, always with credit, and finally
was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General of the state in 18S5. It
was during his incumbency of the latter office that he built for
himself (aside from his military record) his monument The two
volumes ' ' Record of Connecticut men in the War of the Revo
lution," and " Record of Connecticut Men in the War of the
Rebellion," stand to-day as master-pieces of research, careful
ness, and infinite patience, reared mainly by his unremitting zeal
and attention. Capt. White was always a welcome speaker in any
assemblage. By his comrades he was universally beloved, and
possessed the rare secret of being firm in his opinions without
giving offense. Among all his cares and engrossments he found
time for the extended reading of choice authors and was himself
an easy and fluent writer. A volume of verse published after his
decease attained a wide circulation in Connecticut. The limits
of this volume forbid much that ought to be said of him. He
died December 23, 1891.
" Sans fieur, et sans reproche."

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 347
LIEUT. HEBER S. IVES,
Company E.
(See Portrait, page 180).
Heber S. Ives was born in Meriden, Conn., May 10, 1845. His
father was a prosperous farmer in the_ " southeast district, " and
Heber lived at home until he enlisted in Co. K, 8th Regiment, as
private under Capt. Upham (afterwards Colonel) in September,
1861. He served with that regiment until November, 1864, when
he was promoted to the lieutenancy of Co. E, 15th C. V., and was
captured March 8th, 1865, at Kinston, N. C. He was paroled after
three weeks' taste of " Libby," and rejoining his regiment, was
made acting captain until discharged in June, 1865. Since the war
Mr. Ives has lived in Plantsville, Conn.* In May, 1869, he was
appointed postmaster, and has held that position continuously
since, with the exception of the four years of Cleveland's first
term. His present commission expires January, 1895.

CAPT. REUBEN WATERMAN,
Company F.
(See Portrait, page 64).
Capt. Waterman was born in Limerick, Maine, in 1826. Mar
ried Isabella Hanson, of that town, in 1846, and in 1848 moved to
Connecticut. He enlisted from Meriden, Conn., August 5, 1862, and was
mustered out of service June 27, 1865. Since then he has been
engaged in business with the Meriden Cutlery Co. , in that city.
His residence is at South Meriden, Conn.

LIEUT. WILLIAM W. THOMPSON,
Company F.
(See P01 trait, page 174).
William Wallace Thompson was born in Brooklyn, N. Y..
March 15, 1839. At fifteen years of age he went alone to Califor
nia, where he worked in the mines two }-ears and accumulated
quite a little gold. On his way home he was wrecked and lost all
he had. He reached Hartford, where he found employment for a
* Lieut. Ives died May, 1894.

348 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
couple of years, or until he removed to Meriden, Conn. When
Abraham Lincoln called for three months volunteers, he enlisted
in Co. B, 3d Conn. Volunteers, and was at the battle of Bull Run.
At the expiration of this service he remained at home a year, and
then enlisted in Co. F, 15th Conn. Volunteers. At Burnside's call
for volunteers to lay the center pontoon bridge at the battle of
Fredericksburg, young Thompson secured permission from his
commanding officer to assist, and was among the first to offer his
services.

LIEUT. WILLIAM GOODRICH,
Company G.
(See Portrait, page 130).
William Goodrich, Jr., was born in New Haven, Conn., Janu
ary 12th, 1845.
When the war broke out in 1861, Lieut. Goodrich was a, pupil
in Gen. Russell's military school, New Haven, Conn., and was
Captain of "A" company in the school battalion. Imbued with
the desire to serve his country to the best of his ability, he with
out compensation, spent the first year of the war giving military
instruction to the different companies raised in the neighborhood
of New Haven. By this means many officers and men started
out with a knowledge of military tactics, and were thus enabled to
take precedence over other comrades.
Though repeatedly offered a commission, he declined accepting
until when in August, 1862, Capt. John D. Wheeler recruited the
Sigel Rifles (afterwards Co. G, 15th C. V.), and tendered him the
First Lieutenantcy. The battle of Fredericksburg, Va., found
him in command of Co. G, and from that field for gallant conduct,
Col. Wright wrote Gov. Buckingham, recommending him for pro
motion. While the regiment was at New Berne, N. C, Gen. Innis N.
Palmer appointed him on August 27th, 1864, Assistant Provost
Marshal, District of North Carolina, under Maj. H. T. Lawson as
chief. While on a leave of absence North, he learned of the Yellow
Fever plague raging in New Berne, and at once determined to
return to duty. He found all manner of obstacles in his way, but
succeeded finally in entering the city only to find Maj. Lawson (his
chief) dying. Assuming charge, he filled the position until the
appointment of Col. Poor, as Chief Provost Marshal.
January 3d, 1865, he was promoted to the staff of Gen. Palmer,
as Aide-de-Camp, which place he held until the close of the war,

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 349
coming out at 20 years of age, the youngest officer in the regiment,
and during the greater part of the time when with the regiment,
was in command of Co. G.
Though offered a Captain's commission in the 8th C. V. , and a.
Lieutenant-Colonel's commission in ist North Carolina, he
remained loyal to his first love, the old 15th.
In the latter part of 1865, Lieut. Goodrich went to
Georgia and engaged in the manufacture of yellow pine
lumber until 1868. He came to Philadelphia in the latter year and
entered the employ of Messrs. Wm. Sellers & Co. , manufacturers of
Machine Tools, remaining with them until 1872, when he went to
Tennessee in the Charcoal Pig Iron Blast Furnace business.
Remained in Tennessee until 1878 and returned to Philadelphia.
Has resided there ever since, and has been for many years in
charge of one of the largest lumber yards in the city.
Was married in 1875 to Helen Groves, daughter of Anthony
Groves, of Philadelphia. Has no children. Among other socie
ties he is a prominent member of Pennsylvania Commandery
Military Order of the Loyal Legion.

CAPT. ROBERT O. BRADLEY.
C01MPANY H.
(See Portrait, page 122).
This officer was born in New Haven, Conn., June 27, 1832. His
early education was limited. When but twelve years of age he
went to Utica, N. Y., and spent a year as " driver " on the Utica
and Binghamton Canal. From the latter place he found his way
to Albany, and again engaged as "driver" on the Erie Canal.
Returning to New Haven, he was apprenticed to a carpenter, and
after serving his term connected himself with one of the leading
lumber firms in that city, where he remained until 1859, when he
entered business for himself. In 1856 he was married. At the for
mation of the 15th Conn. Regiment, he secured permission from
Gov. Buckingham to recruit for it, 'and soon had a company (H)
under his command. Aside from his immediate connection with
his regiment, he was sent to Connecticut in 1864 in charge of a
detachment of non-commissioned officers on recruiting service, and
succeeded in securing two hundred forty new men for the 15th.
Since the war he has been engaged in business in New Haven,
where he resides.

35°

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.

CAPTAIN HENRY H. STILES,
Company K.
(See Portrait, page 82).
Henry Hobart Stiles was born in North Haven, Conn., Octo
ber 4, 1824. He received a, semi-military training in the State
militia, being captain of the "2nd Co., ioth Regt," from 1845 to
1849. He was also in command of the "wide-awake club,"
a campaign organization in the presidential contest of i860.
Capt. Stiles enlisted only at the repeated requests of the North
Haven members of Co. K. He always expressed himself as
physically incapable of performing the severe duty which
he knew would fall upon him, and the sequel showed how
great a. sacrifice he made. He was commissioned August
9, 1862, and remained with the regiment until August
17, 1863. "The Blackberry raid" drew so heavily on
his vitality that he asked to be relieved. He was placed
, on detached service at Providence, R. I., until April, 1864,
when he was transferred to a command in the Veteran Reserve
Corps, with headquarters at Albany. There he remained until
increasing debility forced his retirement in March, 1S65. He
died at North Haven, April 2, 1879.

CAPT. MEDAD DOUGLASS MUNSON,
Company K.
(See Portrait, page 104).
Capt. Munson, son of Medad W. Munson, was born in Walling
ford, Conn., August 22, 1S30. He traces his descent in part from
Col. William Douglass of Revolutionary fame. Young Munson
received a common school education in his native town, and was
early taken into the extensive leather manufactory of his father,
where he remained until the time of his enlistment. He married
Laura S. Gordon, of North Branford, Conn., in 1853, and has one
son. Capt. Munson's reasons for enlistment are found in the fol
lowing incident: Upon the occasion of a public meeting held in
Wallingford early in July, 1862, at which time Col. D. R. Wright
was the chief speaker, the latter urged with great earnestness the
immediate volunteering of the youth of the town. At the close of
his address a momentary pause followed, during which Medad W.
Munson, a man of sixty years, arose and tremblingly said: " I
have been this As.y to New Haven and offered my services to the
government, at the same time conscious that I am too old for ser
vice, and yet did not know but I could be of use in the commis
sary, or some such department." But he added: "I have two
SDns, and I have advised them both to go."

THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 351
This was enough. Amid the most intense interest, Munson
stepped promptly to the front, and was the first to enlist from his
town in the 15th Conn. Others followed quickly, among them his
brother, Oliver S. (who died November, 1862) The Wallingford
and North Haven volunteers united to form Co. K, -and Munson
received his commission as ist Lieutenant. Upon the resignation
of Capt. Stiles, he was promoted to Captain, November 16, 1863,
in which rank he served till the muster out of the regiment.

LIEUT. SOLOMON F. LINSLEY,
Company K.
(See Portrait, page 212).
Solomon F. Linsley was born in Wallingford Conn., May 26,
1830. He was the eldest of three brothers, one of whom, Marcus
M., was a Sergeant in Co. A, 15th Conn., and the other, Joseph
F., was Captain of Co. F, 33d Wis., who was killed in action, April,
1863. Further, he had twenty-one cousins in the Union army, six
of whom laid down their lives for their country.
Lieut Linsley names among his ancestors some of the " bluest
blood " of history. The great Scottish family of Douglass (16 10),
the Foote family (settlers in Wethersfield in 1635), the Mansfield
family, as well as other lines, all equally renowned, find in him a
worthy descendant. His early years were spent on his father's
farm, and such education was given him as could be afforded by
the schools of that day. On attaining his majority, he learned
the carpenter's trade, a, pursuit he was following with success at
the breaking out of the Rebellion.
His first enlistment was as a private in Co. C, 6th Conn.,
August 26, 1861, but was discharged for disability, March 14, 1862.
At the forming of the 15th Conn., he was instrumental, with
William R. Mackay, of Wallingford. in organizing Co. K, of that
regiment, and was commissioned 2d Lieutenant, August 9, 1862,
promoted to ist Lieutenant, November 16, 1863, and mustered out
June 27, 1865. During a part of his service he was in command
of the Brigade Pioneer Corps [see mention], and for some time in
command of Co. C, of his own regiment.
Lieut. Linsley married Lucy A. Tracy, of Windsor, Conn.,
February 28, 1855. She is also of Scottish blood, and a descend
ant of the ancient De Traceys of " Ivanhoe." After the
war, Lieut. Linsley settled in North Haven, and has followed his
trade of a master builder ever since. He still retains much of that
athletic spirit for which he was so noted in the service, and it
would take a pretty lively comrade to outdo him in any feat of
athletics at the present day.

352 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS.
LIEUT. JOHN H. HALL,
Company K.
(See Portrait, page 198).
John H. Hall was born in Wallingford, Conn., March 22, 1837.
He enlisted as private in Co. K, August 9, 1862, and received an
appointment as 4th Sergeant. In December, 1862, his warrant
was raised to 3d Sergeant, and in March, 1864, he was commis
sioned 2d Lieutenant of his company. Lieut. Hall was married
in 1872 to Minerva W. Austin, of Fort Plain, N. Y., and has had
five children (all boys), three of whom are living.
His residence is Passaic, N. J., and place of business is at 21
Walker street, New York City, where he is agent for the commis
sion house of O. I. Lewis & Co., of St. Louis, Mo. He has been
with this firm for nearly thirty years.

LIEUT. CHARLES R. COAN,
Company E.
Charles R. Coan, son of Major R. D. Coan, of New Haven,
Conn., was born November 17, 183S. The political atmosphere of
his father's house was so thoroughly Republican, that the youth
was fain to enlist with those who went out earliest in the war.
Circumstances prevented this, but when the Lyon Regiment
was called for, he secured an appointment as recruiting officer
from Major Samuel Tolles, about the middle of July, 1862, and
at once commenced looking up volunteers. In this he was very
successful, and shortly received a commission as 2d Lieut, of Co.
E, one of the best commands in the regiment. On reaching
Washington, the miasmas of Camps Chase and Case}' got in their
dreaded work on a not over rugged constitution, and 3^oung Coan
was frequently compelled to forego duty. He accompanied his
regiment, however, on that dreary march through Maryland, and
was present at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va. Shortly after
this engagement, he felt the utter futility of further attempting
to do duty, and being unable to secure such a leave of absence
as seemed necessary, resigned his commission, January 8, 1863.
He married Anna R. Baldwin, November 17, 1859. He has been
connected for some years with the Security Insurance Co. of New
Haven, Conn., and at present is manager of the New Haven
department.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.
Lincoln's Proclamation, 5 — Public Meeting, 6 — National Union
Committee, 7 — Enlistments, 10— Camp Lyon, 11 — Organization of
the Regimeut, 14 — Departure from New Haven, 16— Arrival at
Arlington Heights, Va. , 18. CHAPTER II.
Camp Chase, 20 — Long Bridge and Fort Runyon, 24— Camp
Casey, 27 — Picket Duty, 28— Departure for the Army of the
Potomac, 29 — Arrival at Acquia Creek, Va. , 30 — March to Freder
icksburg, Va. , 31. CHAPTER III.
Fredericksburg, 32. CHAPTER IV.
Departure from Fredericksburg, 44 — Newport News, 44 — Suf
folk, 45 — The Skirmish on Edenton Road, 46— Skirmish on Provi
dence Church Road, 48^Departure from Suffolk, 51.
CHAPTER V.
" The Blackberry Raid," 51 — Portsmouth, Va, 53— South Mills,
N. C, 56 — -Execution of Deserters, 57 — In and About Norfolk,
Va., 58. CHAPTER VI.
Departure from Portsmouth, Va., 64 — Plymouth and New
Berne, N. C , 65— Bachelors Creek, 6S— Little Washington, N. C,
69 — Arrival of Chaplain John B. Doolittle, 73— Execution of
Deserters, 74. CHAPTER VII.
New Berne, 76 — Yellow Fever Scourge, 77 — -Evans Mills, N.
C, 79— Great Fire in New Berne, 79— First Expedition to Kins
ton, N. C, 80. CHAPTER VIII.
Expedition to Little Washington, N. C, 83 — Expedition to
Coleraine, N. C, 84 — Arrival of Troops and Recruits from Sher
man's Army, 84 — Second Raid on Little Washington, N. C, 85 —
, .Second Advance on Kinston, N. C, 87.
23

354 CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IX.
Kinston, N. C, 93. CHAPTER X.
Goldsboro, N. C, 118— Departure of the Wounded and Prison
ers for Richmond, Va., 119— Clover Station, 121 — Weldon, N. C,
123 — Salisbury Prison, 125 — Death of Lieut. Bishop, 126 — Dan
ville, Va., 127 — Death of Major Osborne, 128 — Richmond and
Libby Prison, 129. CHAPTER XI.
Narrative of Lieut. Goodrich, 131 — Narrative of Frank D.
Mosher, 136 — Escape and Recapture of Capt. White and Lieut.
Linsley, 140 — Capture of Private Nichols, 142 — Capture and
Imprisonment of Capt. John D. Wheeler, 143 — Sergt. Towner's
Diary, 145. CHAPTER XII.
Provost Duty at Kinston. N, C. , 147 — Assembling of the Regi
ment, 148 — Death or Lieut. Bowns, 148 — Private Rogers' School,
149 — Tax-List of Kinston, 150 — Camp Chattanooga, 151 — The
Muster Out of the Regiment, 151 — Arrival at New Haven,
Conn., 152. CHAPTER XIII.
Regimental Reunions, 155.
CHAPTER XIV.
Reminiscences and Recollections.
part 1.
Corporal Smith's "Boiled Tongue," 175 — The "Smoke-out"
at Red House, 176— Bill Nichols' "Boots," 176— The Burned Tent
at Fairfax Seminary, 177— An Incident of the Battle of Kinston,
178 — Gen. Casey's Failure to Promote Col. Wright, 178—
"Gideon's Band," 180— O'Connor's Raid, 181 — Captain Butricks'
Reveries, 183— The Captain's Lost Rations, 187 — The Fishing
Excursion of Col. Tolles and Others, 189— A Long Bridge Inci
dent, 191 — Lieut. Day's Narrative, 191.
part in.
Camp Blindness, 198— Capt. E. A. Thorpe's Narrative, 199—
Gen. Grant at Fortress Monroe, 201— Incident at Music Hall, 1862,
203 — The Drummer's Mishap, 203 — The Wounding of Major
Osborne, 205 — Capt. White's Narrative, 206— Recovery of Capt.
Davis' Sword, 211— Chaplain Doolittle's Christmas Gift, 212 — Sur
render of the Colors at Kinston, N. C, 213 — "The Central Vir
ginia Meat Co.," 214 — "The Blackberry Raid," 216.

CONTENTS.

355

PART III.
The Pioneer Corps, 220 — War Posters, 223 — Narrative of
Charles E. Hart, 225 — South Mills, N. C, 226 — Promotions, 227 —
A Relic of Fredericksburg, Va., 228 — Bill Nichols and the " Tar
heel," 229 — Rations, 229 — Narrative of Capt. Waterman, 231.
PART IV.
The Yellow Fever at New Berne, 233 — The North Carolina
Times, 239 — Recollections of Sergt. Henry C. Baldwin, 239 —
Fredericksburg, Va., 1892, 255.
CHAPTER XV.
Catalogue of the Regiment as mustered in 1862, 265.
CHAPTER XVI.
The Monument at New Berne, N. C.
CHAPTER XVII.
Biographies.

GENERAL INDEX.

Acquia Creek, . 29, 30, 44
Allen, George W. , . 8,227
" Henry S., . 100
" Lieut., . . 244
Martin, 148, 150, 174, 239
Alexandria, . . 26
Allis, Lucius P., . . 6
Amelia Court House,. 122
Andersonville, . 143, 197
Andrews, Elias, . . 248
Arlington Heights, 15, 18, 173
Atwood, The Rev. Eugene,
163, 164, 170, 174
Ayletts Station, . 53
IB.
Bachelors Creek, 68, 73, 81, 84, 87, 108
Bacon, The Rev. Dr., . . 6
Baker, . 55
Baldwin, Henry C. ,
39, 156, 158, 160, 163, 168, 239
Barnes, Charles D.,
156, 171, 173, 178, 201, 212, 216
" Basket-makers," etc., . 48
Bassett, Capt. Julius,
8 11,13,90,94,97,112,114,249
Bartholomew, Col. (17th Mass.), 253, 255
Battle Flag Day, . . 162
Beach, Lieut., 121
Beach, Col  47
Beckley, Charles F. ,
75, 77, 117, 164, 166. 174
Beech Grove, . . .Si

Beecher William S.,
54, 158, 164, 166. 167, 172, 247
Beers, Orrin, . . 3g
Belle Plain, . . 260
Benedict, Willis, 159, 160, 163. 165
Berry, George, . 74
Big Bethel, . . 53
Bishop, Lieut. Edwin W. .
25, 95. 97, 102, 114. 115,
119, 125. 138, 145, 252
" Samuel, . . 6
Bissell, Lieut. Julius B , 156, 167
Bloodhounds, . . 195
Bodwell, Augustus, . 22S
Bowers Hill, . . 55
Bounty, . . . S, 16
Bowman, Lieut. C. F.,
90, 99, 106, 135, 169, 237
Bowman, Peter E., 169
Bowns, Lieut., 47, 57, 148
Bradley, Ellen, . 16
Capt. Robert O., 84, 121
Bragg, Gen., C. S. A., 248
Brandy Station, , . 52
Breen, James, . . 39
Bristol, Noyes, . . . 14S
Willis, . . 6
Brooks, Mary, ... 16
Brown, Adjutant Charles P..
9, 15. 35. 50. 243. 259
Bryan, Benjamin S., . 7
George H., . 156, 174
Buckingham, Gov., . 6
"Buckingham Day," . 164
Buckley, Michael, . , 39, 249
Bunnell, George W., . . 227

GENERAL INDEX.

357

" Bullet proof vests," . . 15
Burke. . . . 253

Church. James A.,
155, 158, 167, 172, 174, 185

Burns, The Rev. Harvey

E.,

Clarke, Clarence M., .

228

168, 170

" George W. ,

49

Burnside, Gen., . ;

)6, 41, 42

Robert, .

74
Burgess, Capt. William C.
. ,
Clarksville, N. C,
120,
140
8, 79, 97, 121, 148, 163,
169, 214
Classen, Col.,
73
Bushnell, C. S., .
7
Clover Station, Va.,
121
Burritt, Lieut. N. F.,
Coan, Lieut. Charles R.,
8,
156
97, 121,
174. 243
Cobb, Dr., C. S. A.,
248
Butricks, Captain Minot A. ,
Coleraine, N. C,
. 65, 84
90, 94, 121. 155, 158,
164, 166,
Collins, Joseph,
74
168, 176. 183, 189, 233,
238
Columbia, S. C,
144,
194
Butler, Gen. B F.,
11
Company formations,
Corcoran, Gen.,
14
46
Core Creek, . . 8
1. 87,
108
C.
Couch, George,
174
Cowles, Surgeon Edward 0.,
Camp "Casey,"
• 27, 30
192,
237
" "Chattanooga,"
no, 151
" Luman,
6
" "Chase,"
Cox, Gen., . 86, 87, 91,
H7
15, ig, 20, 22, 171
, 183,256
" "Lyon."
11, 13
D.
" " Mud," . 18. 4:
c, 44, 260
" "Parole," .
¦ 123
Danville, Va.,
1
Camp-blindness,
198
127, 139, 143
1 145,
193
Candee, John D., .
7
Davis, Capt. Theodore R.
Cannon. Thomas,
242
10, 79, 100, 102, 121,
161,
168,
Carr, David H., .
7
205, 211
Carter, Gen., 86, 88, 91.
103, 116
Day Lieut. Augustus P.,
Casey, Gen Silas,
22, 17S
165
, 191,
197
"Casey's Pets,"
. 22, 29
Deep Creek, Va., .
55
Casualties,
154
Deserters, . . ;
30, 5;
'. 74
Castle Thunder,
128, 139
Dismal Swamp,
55.
189
Catfish, .
. 216
Doolittle. Isaac L.,
66
Catlin, William H.. 167
174, 191
The Rev. John
B.,
Catchin, Julius,
. IOO
73, 83, 99, 156,
159,
162,
Chamberlain, Isaac, .
155
164, 167, 171, 212
Chapin, Philip E. ,
. 228
Dougal 
47
Chapman, Hon. Charles,
6
Dougherty,
55
Charleston, S. C, .
144, 194
Dovers Forks,
97.
108
Charnley, William S.,
6
Downes, Edward,
7
Chatham, Md.,
. 29
Duguid, Capt, C. S. A.,
141.
209
Chowan river,
. 65. 84
Dunlap, Thomas,
228
358

GENERAL INDEX.

>S.

Edenton Road, Va. ,

46

Elliott, Charles W. .

7
Evans Mills, N. C,
79
Executions,
74
K
Fairfax Seminary, Va
,
26
Falmouth, Va.,
257
Fellowes, Richard S.,
7
Finnigan, Hugh,
96,
176
214
Finch, Lucius R.,
6
Foote, Charles, .
184
" Commodore A.
H,
6
Foi t Albany,
257
" Connecticut,
49
" Dix. .
46
" Jackson,
Ic
i. 70,
257
" Monroe,
44
" Runyon,
18
;. 21,
257
" Totten,
76
" Union,
47
" Washington,
69
Fosters Wharf. N. O,
151
Foules Gen., C. S. A.
73
Fredericksburg, Va.,
31,
228,
255
French. Corp., .
182
Lieut S. H.,
102,
121,
191
"Fresh Fish," .
192
G.
Galpin, Charles,
39
Gallagher, Hon. James,
203
Gaston, N. C,
120
Gavin,
253
Getty, Gen., .
47,
216,
219
" Gideon's Band,"
180
Gilbert, Lucius.
7
Glassford, W. H.,
49
Goldsboro, N. C,
102, 116, 118,
124,
137,
251
Goodrich, Lieut. William,
94,
105,
131
PAGE
. 201 121
• 49
139, 145
Grant, Gen. U. S.,
Gray. Lieut.,
Greenland, James,
Greensboro. N. C,
Griffin, Joel,
13, 40, 52, 70, 80, 96, 123, 174,
214
Griswold, Charles. . 174. 227
Guerrillas. 68, 109, 142, 181. 218
Gum-swamp, N. C, . . 109
H.
Hampton, Va., . 53. 219
Hanover Station, Va., . 52
Harland, Gen., 32, 47, 143, 179, 180
"Hardtack," . . . 230
Harrison. Hon. Henry B. , . 6
Hart, Charles E., 155, 225, 228
Healy, Bartholemew, . . 7
Hill, John, ... 228
Hinsdale, B P., . . 10, 44
Historians, 157, 158, 165, 166, 174
Hoadley, H. T., . . 240, 243
Hogan, Billy. 221, 241
Hoke, Gen., C. S. A..
69, 9L 93, 95. 103 105, 113, 132.
192, 205, 248
Holcomb, Surgeon H. V. C,
15, 25, 39, 43. 63, 76, 106, 156,
158, 159, 233, 238
Hollister, Judge, ... 7
Horn, Michael, . 246
Horton, Giles G., . . 228
Hotchkiss, John B. , . 6
Hubbard, Judge Leverett, . 166
William H., 96, 99, 101, 184
Capt. Samuel R , 10, 259
Hurst, Lieut., C. S. A., . 141
Ives, Oscar P.,
155, 156, 158, 172, 174, 186
GENERAL INDEX.

359

Jacksons Mills, N. C, 73, 91, 102, in
James,  , ... 70
Johnson, Harmon, . 247
John, . . .175
William F., 159
Jones, Sergeant, . 180

K.

Kane, Gen.,
Kearney, —

23
. 252
Kelly, Henry, . . 161
" Kelly's warble," . . . 244
Kenney, Edwin A., . . 228
Kimball, John C, 12, 15, 161
King William Court House, 52, 53, 221
King, James A., ... 6
Kinston, N. C,
So, 93, 101, 106, 117, 131, 137,
147, 178
Kirby, Thomas B., . . 9
Kirkland, Gen., . . . 134

Lacey House,

41

Lake Drummond, Va.,

189.

217

Lanesville, Va.,

52

Latta, Sergeant,

70

Lego, James,

47
Leonard, John N.,
172,
241
Libby Prison,
122, 128, 139, 143. 192,
211
Linsley, Lieut. Solomon
F.,
15, 66, 95, 120,
140,
156,
160, 168, 170,
174,
206,
213, 220, 228, 2
56
" Charles A.,
7
Little, Frank E.,
227
Little Washington, N. C
.,
69, 8;
1. 85
Liverpool Point. Md. ,
29
PAGE
Log-houses  222
Long Bridge, Va.,
15, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29, 191, 256
"Long Roll," ... 26
Longstreet, Gen., C. S. A., 45
Lord Walter H.,
155, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 172,
173. 174, 185
Lovejoy, Capt. F. M., 8, 167, 172
" Lyon regiment," 8, 16, 148, 151
M.
Mackay, William R., . 12, 174
Macon, Ga., . . 143. 193
Mahone, Gen., C. S. A., . 120
Malaria, . . .22, 27
Malone, John, ... 49
Manville, George W.,
113, 119, 125, 126, 214. 248
Manwell, Col., ... 65
Marshall, Henry G., 163, 167, 228
Marvin,  , ... 96
Merriam, George C, 8, 74
McAllister, Alexander, . 7
McChestney, Col., . . 83
McCourt,  . . 246
McDonald,  . 253
McManus, Paddy, 241
Miller, The Rev. D. Henry.
15. 21, 58, 73, 165, 166, 170,
171, 259
Minor, George L., . 171
Mix, John B., . . 174
Nonument (New Berne), 174
Morehead City, N. C, . 64
Morgan, George, . . 182, 231
Morse, William J., . 166
ZadocR., . 155
Morris Island, S. C, . 194
Mosher, Frank D. ,
30, 119, 125, 128, 136, 163 257
Mosley, Joe, . . 140, 209
Munson, Capt. Medad D., 99, 104
3<5°

GENERAL INDEX.

N.

National Union Committee, 7, c

1, 10

New Berne, N.

C.

65, 68, 71,

104. 106, :

ci7,

147,

150, 233

Newport News
, Va.,
44
Nichols Ferry,
Va.,
121
Nichols, William H.,
100, 142, 176, 183, 189,
229,
258
Norfolk, Va ,
45
, 58
North Carolina
Times, O.
239
O'Connor,
142,
1S1
Orders, n, 20, 31, 55, 79, 85, 88, 116,
U7, 151
Osborne, Arthur D., . . 6
Major E. Walter,
12, 47, 65, 66, 68, 87,
94, 97. 102, no. 112,
114, 119, 125, 126, 128,
138, 145, 176, 197, 205,
231, 250
Overland Monitor, . . 72
Owens, Thomas, . 39
03Tster Point, . 10
Palmer, Gen.,
73, 9i,
132.
181
Merwin E.
IOI
Pardee, Henry E.,
7
" Judge,
167
" Stephen D.
6
" William, .
39
Parker, James B.,
49
Parkville. N. C, .
57
Paroles,
123,
126,
142
Patterson, Charles,
248
Patterson Park Hospital,
130
Pease, William B.,
228
Peck, David J., .
6
" Gen., .
4i
1,48
" Lucius G.,
7
Pembertons Plantation, Va., 52
Penrose, Lieut., 25, 241
Peterson, G. F., . .10
Phillips, Frank, 128, 138, 146
Picket duty  28
Pinkerman, Philip A., . 6
Pioneer Corps, . . 220
Piscataway, Md., . 29
Piatt, Hon. O. H , . 16
Plymouth, N. C, 65, 68, 192
Poor, Col., . . .81
Porter, John A , .7
Port Tobacco. Md , . . 29
Portsmouth, Va., 51, 53, 56, 64, 222, 241
Promotions (from ranks), . 227
Providence Church Road, Va., 48
Provisional Brigade, . . 179
Q.
Quintard, Eli S. ,
6. 167
R.
Raffile, Charles, . 157
Raleigh, N. C, . . 124, 196
Rand, Lieut. P. C,
8, 99, 104, 112, 115, 156, 158,
159, 160, 163, 164, 165, 166, 204
Rations, 117, 118, 124, 125, 145, 187,193,
229
Recruiting Committee, . 8
Red House, N. C. 68, 72, 176
Regimental Church, . . 58
Reilly, Sergeant, . 212
Reports, 38, 47, 48, 61, 66. 81, 89
Reunions, . . . 155, 174
Richmond, Va., 122. 129, 139, 200
Rodriguez, Lieut., . 121, 186
Rogers, C. B., . 7
" Enoch E., 149, 158, 162
" Mason, . . 76, 233
Roster, . . 167, 265
Russell, Gen. W. H., 6
GENERAL INDEX.

361

'AGE

Salisbury, N. C, 125,

138,

145,

2 53

'¦ Salt-horse,"

230
Sampson, Joseph
9
Sanford, Edward T.,
7
Saunders. Tom,
244
Savannah, Ga.,
193,
194
Schofield, Gen ,
92,
107.
132
Schools (colored), .
149
Schafer, Louis,
49
Schwart,  ,
47
Scottsburg, Va ,
140
Sheffield, Joseph,
9
Sherman, Thomas,
156
Sibley tents,
177
Slaughter House, Va.
39
Smallwood, Dr , C. S.
A.,
254
Smith, George W. ,
77
" Henry E.,
175
" Capt Septimius S
,
3, 12
, 13
" Stephen R.,
7
k
128,
247
249
'
South Mills, N. C.
56
184
226
Southwest Creek, N. C,
81
. 9i
109
H5119
OjJcIH-cI ,  , .
Sperry, Hon. N. D.,
6
163
Stenson, Thomas,
39
Stiles, Captain Henry
H.,
U
Stoddard. George W.
158, 167, 169,
172
205
215
Storer, Justus,
156,
158
Suffolk, Va., .
45
T.
Tax list of Kinston, . 150
Taylors Farms, Va., 52,214 217
Thallman,  , . . 182
Tuanksgiving, ... 28
The Atwater Armor Co., 15
" Blackberry Raid, 51, 214, 216
" "Blues," . . 10
The "Brownlow Rifles,"
" "Grays,"
" " Hallock Rifles,"
" "McClellan Guards,"
" " Quinnipiac Rifles,"
'' "Sigel Rifles," .
Tolles. Lieut.-Col. Samuel,
10, 12, 31. 39 46, 54, 61, 6j 79,
87- 89, 95. 96, 102, no, 115,
119, 121, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159,
160, 165, 166, 168, 179, 189. 226
Thompson, J. B., 39
Lieut. W. W., 237
Thorpe, Edwin A , 165. 199, 228
¦' Sheldon B , 174, 255
Towner, Sergt., 70, 101, 126, 145
Turner, John R.,
Twenty-seventh Mass. Reg't,
86, 89, 90, 94, 113
Typhoid, . . .42. 76
U.
Upham, Col. Charles L.,
46. 47, 49, 51, 52, 56, 72, 73, 87,
9°, 93, 99, I01, io4- n°, II2,
123, 148, 151, 156. 158, 159, 160,
162, 163, 164, 168. 174
176169
V
Veteran Association,
"Virginia Meat Co.,"
W.
'56
214
Wade,  .
War Democrats,
" posters,
Warnock, Henry,
Washington. D. C.
Waterman, Capt. Reuben, 121, 231
Wayland, Francis, Jr., . 6
Webb, Lieut. Watson, 16
• 215 11
223, 224 39
18, 22, 173
362

GENERAL INDEX.

PAGE
Weldon, N. C, .' . 119. 123
Welch, Harmanus M., . 6
Wheeler, Capt. John D., 10, 143
White House Landing, Va., 51, 53, 220
White Oak Road, Va. , . 261
White, Henry D., . . 7
Capt. George M.,
8, 10, 14, 20, 24, 97, 102
103, 106, 112, 119, 140, 159,
160, 163, 165, 166, 167, 168,
169. 170, 171, 189, 204, 206
Whitney Rifles, ... 20
Whitney, Eli, 7, 9
Willett, John B., . 227
Wilmington, N. C, . 197

PAGK

Williamsburg, Va.,

53

Williams,  ,

47
Winsboro, N. C, .
196
Wise's Forks, Va.,
90, 103, 104, 106,
in
, 133
Woodruff, Richard,
228
" John,
7
Wright, Dr., .
57
Col. Dexter R.,
11, 13, 15. 25, 27,
31,
39.
166, 178
Hobart,
156
Y.
Yellow fever, 76, 144, 194, 233, 237
Yorktown, Va., . . 51, 35
j^iL002___0_02.5A51ilb