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HISTORY

OF

HAKDWICK.

MASSACHUSETTS.

-WITH A

GENEALOGICAL REGISTER,

BT
LUCIUS R. PAIGE.

BOSTON:
HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY.
New York: 11 East Seventeenth Street.
1883.

^?^H\

COPTRIGHT, 1883,
Br LUCIUS K. PAIGE.

The Riverside Press, Cambridge :
Printed by H. 0. Houghton and Company.

To

THE MEMBERS OE THE

MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
AND OP THE
NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY,
C][lt^ Volume
is dedicated by its AUTHOK,
TEEIS ASSOCIATE.

PEEFACE.

From an early period I have been deeply interested in the
history of Hardwick, and in the genealogy of its inhabitants ; —
the more deeply, doubtless, because my own ancestors were
among the early pioneers, were actively engaged in the manage
ment of public affairs and by numerous intermarriages were
connected with so many of its families. Although I have been
a non-resident and comparative stranger for more than fifty-six
years, my attachment to my native town has never grown cold ;
but its rocks and hills are still viewed with almost childish de
light, whenever I visit them, and many of my old friends, though
personally departed, are represented by worthy descendants, who
are beloved for the fathers' sake. As I had opportunity, from
time to time, I have gathered and preserved historical materials,
intending to embody them in a permanent form. Other and
imperative engagements intervened, and prevented the execution
of my purpose until now : so that what I originally designed to
be my first literary labor, of any considerable magnitude, has
become absolutely the last ; for at the age of eighty-one years it
is altogether too late to commence another task requiring much
time for its completion.
The materials embraced in this history were gathered from
various sources ; among ¦ the most important of which were the
Records of the Proprietors, of the Church, and of the Town, of
Hardwick, including the Registry of Births and Deaths by the
Town Clerk, and of Baptisms from the beginning, and of Deaths
since 1789, recorded by the several Pastors of the Church, and
supplemented by inscriptions on monuments and head-stones in
the several cemeteries. Besides these, I consulted such printed

VI PREFACE.
authorities as were within my reach, including files of newspapers ;
the manuscript records of the General Court ; the vast collection
of original papers in the Archives of Massachusetts ; the Court
Records, and Registries of Probate and of Deeds in several coun
ties, — not only in Worcester, but in Bristol, Plymouth, and
Barnstable, — and the records of many towns in those counties,
from which came so many of the early inhabitants of Hardwick ;
and also the records of Bennington and Barnard in Vermont,
which towns were originally settled by emigrants from Hard
wick. Besides all this, I have thoroughly explored more ancient
burial-places, both in Massachusetts and Vermont, than I can
easily enumerate. Notwithstanding the expenditure of so much
time and labor, however, I am conscious of many deficiencies, for
which I am not wholly responsible ; they are attributable rather
to the neglect of parents to record the birth of their children,
and of survivors to record the death, or to erect even the most
humble memorial, of the departed.
It will be observed that, both in the History and in the Gene
alogical Register, some family names occur much more frequently
than others, notably the names of Allen, Paige, Robinson, Rug
gles, and Warner. The reason is twofold: first, the families
bearing these names were among the very earliest in the town,
and with the exception of the first named were from the begin
ning to the present time among the most numerous ; and second,
for the first hundred years they were more constantly and prom
inently than others engaged in the management of municipal
affairs. It will also be observed that my attention has been devoted
chiefiy to early events in the history of the town, and that com
paratively few recent occurrences are mentioned. The reason is
that I desired to revive and perpetuate the memory of what
might otherwise fade entirely from remembrance and pass into
oblivion. The current events of the day are fresh in the minds
of the living, and are not liable to be soon forgotten. In like
manner, I have mentioned some organizations which formerly
existed here, such as the Social Library and the Masonic Lodge
because they are wholly of the past, so far as this town is con-

PREFACE. vii
cerned, and have left no visible trace behind them (unless the
painted device on the ceiling of the Ruggles Hall remains percepti
ble) ; and have omitted special notice of living organizations,
such as the Library recently established under the patronage of
the Ladies, which is already a treasure, and which gives promise
of still greater usefulness ; and of the High School, or a school
equivalent to a High School, which is understood to be now in
successful operation. I have not even ventured to prophesy the
future establishment of a school of the highest grade, and of a
Free Public Library, with funds for their perpetual maintenance,
— a " consummation," not only " devoutly to be wished," but
not impossible of accomplishment. One of the living organiza
tions, however, deserves a conspicuous place in a history of the
town, namely, the Grange. But I had no materials for an ac
count in any degree adequate to this institution, representing, as
it does, one of the most important branches of industry ; and I
considered it more proper to be silent than to speak without
knowledge. The Grange is too well known, both at home and
in all the region round about, to suffer from this omission of
notice. The " R. Map," or " Ruggles Map," sometimes mentioned in
the History, and much more frequently in the Genealogical
Register, is a Map of the Town drawn by Gardner Ruggles,
Esq., and lithographed, about fifty years ago, indicating the po
sition of the several houses and their distance from the Common.
I gratefully acknowledge the uniform kindness and courtesy of
the gentlemen having custody of the records and archives which
I have had occasion to consult, and of the Town Clerks and nu
merous individuals of whom I have sought information, not
otherwise to be obtained. My special thanks are due to Albert
E. Knight, Esq., the veteran Town Clerk of Hardwick, not only
for the facilities granted to me, when making personal investi
gations, but for promptly and patiently answering my multitu
dinous inquiries, and performing much labor on my behalf. I
also cherish a grateful remembrance of one of , his predecessors in
office. Dr. Joseph Stone, for his kindness, assistance, and encour
agement, many years ago.

Vlll PREFACE.
I should be unpardonable if I did not acknowledge the public
spirit and generosity of the Town, which has caused this History
to be published, and has placed a portion of the edition at my
disposal, notwithstanding my willingness to furnish the manu
script without any compensation whatever. In justice to the
Town, I here insert a certified copy of the vote authorizing the
publication : —
" At a legal meeting of the inhabitants of Hardwick, Nov. 7,
A. D. 1882, on motion of Hon. William Mixter, the following vote
was unanimously passed : That the Town cause to be published
four hundred copies of the History of Hardwick, written by
Lucius R. Paige, D. D., of Cambridge, at an expense not exceedi-
ing sixteen hundred dollars, and that Mr. Paige retain fifty
copies for his own use, for his labor of love in writing the History
of his native town, and that the expense of publishing the above
History be paid out of any money belonging to the Town.
Voted, that the Selectmen be instructed to sell copies of this
History, when published, to any who desire them, at four dollars
per copy. A copy from the Records. Attest, Albert E. Knight,;
Town Clerk."
A final word in regard to this work. I have spared no reason
able exertion to secure accuracy ; yet the universal experience of
authors admonishes me that undoubtedly some errors, perhaps
many, have escaped correction, and I bespeak the forbearance of
the reader. For the rest, I have not aimed at brilliancy, partly
because it was beyond my reach, and partly because I consider
it to be unsuited to sober history. If lack of vigor and spright
liness be regarded as a serious fault of style, I may plead in ex
tenuation, as in the Preface to my History of Cambridge, and
with additional force, that although many of my materials were
gathered long ago, I was obliged by other engagements, literary
as well as secular, to postpone their final arrangement for publi
cation until impaired health and the infirmities of age became
uncomfortably manifest. LUCIUS R. PAIGE.
Cambridge, March, 1883.

COI^TENTS.

INTRODUCTORY.
Location. Boundaries. Soil. Hills. Ponds. Rivers. Brooks. .Cli
mate. Longevity of inhabitants  1-3
CHAPTER L
Indian occupation. Indian fortress. King Philip. Indian hostilities
in Plymouth and Bristol Countie.s. Sanguinary conflict at Winni-
misset. Quabaog destroyed. Report by Ephraim Curtis concerning
the Nipmucks. Capt. Edward Hutchinson's commission and death.
Capt. Thomas Wheeler's narrative. The Indians abandon their
stronghold at Winnimisset. ifersonal encounter between Capt. Elea
zar Warner and a Canada Indian  4-14
CHAPTER U.
Purchases of Indian titles. Indiap deed. The Proprietors petition
the General Court to confirm their title. The Representatives grant
the request, but the Council non-concur. First settlement at the
"Elbows." Title partially confirmed. Purchase and settlement of
Leicester by the same proprietors. Associates admitted. Claim by
Hendrick Kekquoquau. Answer by proprietors  15-28
CHAPTER IH.
Names of Proprietors. lExecutive, Committee. Gratuities. Arrange
ment of lots. Settlers to share the expense of surveying, and to aid
in erecting a meeting-house and maintaiifing a minister. Additional
grant of land. First settler. Other settlers admitted. Mill lots.
Access of inhabitants in 1736. Incorporation as a district. First
officers. Rev. Timothy Ruggles. Incorporation as a town. First
town officers. Act of incorporation  29-43
CHAPTER IV.
Early arrangement concerning meetingrhouse, minister, schools, high-
-ways, , and pound. Cattle. Deer. Destructive birds and beasts.
Squirrels. Beaver-dam. Land bank bills. Province tax. Cart-way
across Great Meadow Brook. Pauper. Inhabitants on the east side

X CONTENTS.
of Ware River desire to be set off. Excise Bill. Proprietors' meet
ings established at Hardwick. Proprietors' Records. Advent of
Brigadier Ruggles. Highways. Lottery. Fair.  44-50
CHAPTER V.
Emigration to Bennington, Vt., -with personal notices. Emigration to
Barnard, Vt., with personal notices. Perils encountered by the pio
neer emigrants]  51-57
CHAPTER VL
American Revolution. Taxation -without representation. Stamp Act.
Congress at New York. Brigadier Ruggles, its President, refuses to
sign its petitions; his reasons therefor unsatisfactory to the Represen
tatives, who reprimand him, but satisfactory to his townsmen. Biot
in Boston. The town refuses, but afterwards consents, that the dam
age may be paid " out of the Province Treasury." Brigadier Rug
gles stands alone in opposition to a bill ostensibly designed to encour
age domestic manufactures, and renders his reasons publicly. The
town instructs its Representative in 1773 to stand fast in defence of
its chartered rights and privileges. Final departure of Brigadier
Buggies from Hardwick. Form of association, prepared by him.
His letter of explanation. He refuses to bear arms against his coun
try, and retires lo Nova Scotia. Post of honor assigned to him in
an act of banishment. His death, public services, and character.
Anecdotes  58-81
CHAPTER VIL
Committee of Correspondence. County convention. Courts of law
obstructed. New organization of militia, and officers elected. Min
ute men. Alarm list. Provincial Congress. Constables indemnified.
Contribution to Boston sufferers. Tories treated with neo-lect, dis
armed, confined, and advertised as public enemies. Temporary
State Government organized. Few Tories in Hardwick. Sharp
controversy -with one of the number, settled by appeal to the Gen
eral Court. The conflict succeeded by peace. Anecdote . . . 82-106
CHAPTER VIII.
Declaration of Independence recorded by the Town Clerk. Paper
money. Heavy taxes. Financial distress. Stay law. Scale of
Prices. Abortive attempts to make paper equal with gold. Protest
against a proposed bill for refunding the public debt. Scale of De-
,¦ preciation. The town approves the Articles of Confederation of the
United States, and almost unanimously rejects a Form of Constitu-
i tion proposed by the General Court. Eccentricities of the Town
Clerk. Delegates elected to a Constitutional Convention. The pro
posed Constitution accepted, but various important amendments
suggested. Subsequent Constitutional Conventions  107 lis

CONTENTS. xi
CHAPTER IX.
The Shays Insurrection. Public and private debts excessive. Debtors
becorae desperate, and forcibly resist payment. Demagogues stimu
late the popular discontent, which results in open rebellion. The
town proposes a Convention at Worcester in 1782, and elects dele
gates. Conventions in 1786. Grievances. General Warner dis
charges one of his aids, on suspicion of disloyalty ; he promptly re
sponds to the Governor's order for the protection of the Courts at
Worcester, but is unable to rally a sufficient force. The Courts pre
vented from sitting at Worcester and at Springfield in September,
and again in December. Troops raised by enlistment. Hardwick
Company. Attack on the Arsenal at Springfield. Defeat of Shays;
he is pursued by Lincoln, in a terrible night's march, from Hadley
to Petersham, -where the Insurgents are utterly routed. Oath of al
legiance taken by many Hardwick men. Some of the more active
partisans abscond. One of the most prominent is arrested, convicted
of treason, and sentenced to be hung, but fully pardoned, and re
ceives tokens of public approbation. Other pardons. The Shays
cause popular, having a majority in Hardwick and generally through
out the -western counties; even in the House of Representatives a
majority favor it. Its advocates afterwards become good citizens,
but never friendly to a strong government  119-142
CHAPTER X.
Boundaries. Additions and diminutions of territory. Incorporation of
New Braintree and of Dana. Annexation of the Gore, now included
in Gilbertville. Four bridges across Ware River. Roads hilly, and
difficult of construction. Sixth Massachusetts Turnpike. Ware
River Railroad. Massachusetts Central Railroad. Pounds. Pau
pers. Town farm. Proposal to maintain State paupers. Slavery.
Town House. Bell. Burial-places. Epitaphs  143-172
CHAPTER XI.
Meeting-house and ministry. Mr. Ephraim Keith. Church organized.
Rev. David White ordained. First meeting-house. Sharp contro
versy concerning the location of the second meeting-house. Unwil
lingness to contract debts. People seated anew in the meeting
house. Deacon Paige absents himself from the communion, and is
censured. Ecclesiastical council. Deacon Paige resigns office, and
unites with the church in Petersham. Deacon Robinson resigns
office and becomes a deacon in the Separate Church. Changes in
the manner of singing, and also in the versions of the Psalms sung. (
Deacon Allen absents himself from the communion, alleging a lack
of discipline in the church, but is afterwards pacified and returns to
his official duty. Third meeting-house a magnificent structure.
Abortive attempt to settle a colleague pastor. Death and character
of Rev. David White and of his wife. Deacon Allen elected mod
erator of the church. Attempts to settle a pastor. Rev. Thomas
Holt ordained. Confession of Faith and Covenant. Rev. Mr. Holt

XII CONTENTS.
appeals in vain for an increase of salary; his dismission and subse
quent labors. Pastorate of Rev. William B. Wesson. Division of
the original parish. The Congregational Society settle Rev. John
M. Merrick and Rev. John Goldsbury; afterwards unite with the
Universalist Society. New meeting-house. Pastors. The Calvin
istic Society settle Rev. Martyn Tupper. Confession of faith.
Meeting-houses. Pastors. Deacons  173-220
CHAPTER XIL
Separate Church. Reasons for separation. Early separatists. Cove
nant. List of members. Removal to Bennington. The original
separate church in Hardwick becomes the First Congregational
Church in Vermont. Baptist Society. Early members. Corpora
tors. Meeting-houses. Pastors. Deacons. Universalist Society.
Petition for incorporation. Corporators. Pastors. Deacons. Amal
gamation with the Congregational Society. Methodist Society.
Meeting-house. Trinitarian Congregational Church. Munificent
Benefactors. Pastors. Deacons. Meeting-house. Catholic Church.
Meeting-house. Priest  221-237
CHAPTER XIIL
Graduates. Clergymen. Lawyers. Physicians. Poets. Poetry.
Schools. Early teachers. Appropriations. School-houses. High
School. Social Library. Early Proprietors. Catalogue of books.
Mount Zion Lodge. Original members. Removal to Barre. Mas
ters. Post Offices and Postmasters. Post-riders and mail carriers.
Centennial Celebration  238-262
CHAPTER XIV.
French War. Brigadier Ruggles. Muster Rolls. Revolutionapy
War. Minute Men. Major General Warner. Lieutenant Colonels
Rice and Sears. Muster Rolls. Descriptive Rolls. Petition of
Shearjashub Goodspeed. War of 1812. Abortive attempt to enlist
volunteers. Political celebration of independence. Oration. Toasts.
War of the Rebellion. Hardwick soldiers. Officers of Militia . 263-293
CHAPTER XV.
Population. Tax in 1776. Valuation. Manufactures and agriculture
products. George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Company. "Furnaces
Forge. Paper Mills  294-311
CHAPTER XVI.
Councillors. Senators. Representatives. Delegates to Congresses and
Conventions. Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, "justices of
the Peace. Moderators. Selectmen. Assessors. Town Clerk
Town Treasurers   312-319
GENEALOGICAL REGISTER . . .  321

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

INTRODUCTORY.
Location. — Boundaries. — Soil. — Hills. — Ponds. — Rivers. — Brooks. —
Climate. — Longevity of Inhabitants.
The town of Haedwick is situated very near the territorial
centre of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on the western
border of Worcester County, and midway between the States of
New Hampshire and Connecticut. It is bounded on the south
by Ware ; on the west by Ware, Enfield, and Greenwich ; on the
northwest by Dana ; on the northeast by Barre ; and on the
southeast by New Braintree, from which it is separated by Ware
River, except at the southerly end of the line. Like many other
towns, its boundaries have several times been changed, and its
territory enlarged or diminished, as will hereafter be described.
It now contains about 21,000 acres, of which, with the exception
of a few ponds and a somewhat plentiful supply of rocks, almost
every inch is improved or improvable.
The description given by Whitney in 1793 is substantially cor
rect at the present time : " The town is of a good form and
shape, being nearly square. The face of the town is rather rough,
hilly, and uneven, although there are no very great and remarka
ble hills. ^ The soil is in general deep, loamy, and very fertile.
' There is one high hill at the south the east, Monadnock on the north, and on
end of the town, called McDongal on the the west the mountains beyond Connecti-
map, but generally known as Bugle Hill, cut River. In the early part of the cen-
which affords excellent pasturage. About tury this was a favorite resort. On the
three quarters of a mile north of the Com- very pinnacle a tower was erected, about
mon is Poverty Hill, so called, perhaps, on twenty feet in height (whose stone foun-
aceount of its unproductiveness. From dation still remains in place), on which a
the summit of this hill, though not greatly choice company of young men and maid-
elevated above the surrounding highlands, ens were accustomed to assemble on sum-
a very extensive and magnificent land- mer afternoons and moonlight evenings
scape is visible, embracing Wachusett on and make the air resound with music,
1

2 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
The lands produce all kinds of grain in sufficient plenty for the
inhabitants ; but they are best adapted to grass and pasturage.
Here vast quantities of butter and cheese are made, and most ex
cellent beef fatted for the market. All kinds of fruit-trees flour
ish here." ^
With the exception of the manufacturing village at Gilbert
ville, Hardwick remains an alraost exclusively agricultural town.
A less quantity of grain, however, is raised now than formerly,
and more attention is devoted to the production of hay, milk, but
ter, and cheese. Tbe more general use of horses instead of oxen
for farm-labor has also somewhat diminished the quantity of
" beef fatted for the market."
The township is well watered. Near the southwest corner is
Muddy Pond (through which Muddy Brook passes), formerly,
and perhaps now famous for its abundance of fish ; and on the
northwest border, but now wholly included in Dana, was the even
more productive Pottapaug Pond, fed and drained by Swift River.
Though the pond is now severed from the town. Swift River still
flows across its northwestern corner, furnishing water-power to
Southworth 's saw-mill and manufactory of powder-kegs, at the
place marked " Ward well's Mills " on the Ruggles map. On
Ware River, which forms almost the entire easterly boundary of
the town, there is a very valuable water-privilege at Gilbertville,
and another, less powerful, at the paper mill near Barre, marked
" N. W. Mills " on the Ruggles map. On thiat map are also de
lineated four brooks, all flowing in a southeasterly direction into
Ware River, and on all of which, except perhaps the first named,
are mill privileges of greater or less value : — namely, Board
Meadow Brook, Moose Brook, Great Meadow Brook, and Muddy
Brook. Besides these, there is another of considerable size, some
times called Fish Brook, between Moose and Great Meadow
brooks. Living springs abound throughout the town.
The climate of Hardwick is eminently favorable to health and
long life. In the Registration Report for 1877, published under
the supervision of the Secretary of State, is an abstract, exhibit
ing the number of deaths registered " for the thirteen years, 1865-
1877," together with the proportion of deaths to the who'le pop
ulation. The ratio of " Deaths to 100 persons livino- " in the
both sacred and secular. They called that company are widely scattered abroad •
the hill " Mount Pleasant," an appellation but they cherish a vivid remembra f
which it richly deserves, and which ought " auld lang syne."
to be perpetuated. The few survivors of i Hist. Worcester County p. 175

INTRODUCTORY. 3
entire Commonwealth was 1.77 ; the same ratio in the town of
Hardwick was 1.03, — less than three fifths of the general aver
age. Only five towns in the State exhibited a less number of
deaths in proportion to their living population. This result may
be attributed partly to the skill of the physicians ; but doubtless
it is chiefly due to the clear air and the fresh breezes which
sweep over the hills, dissipating and expelling the malaria, and
purifying the atmosphere. Very seldom has any epidemic proved
destructive in this favored place. The canker-rash, indeed, in
1803, made sad havoc among the children ; and a malignant fever
proved fatal to many adults in 1814 ; but generally the inhabit
ants have been preserved from " the pestilence that walketh in
darkness," and from " the destruction that wasteth at noonday."
In very few towns has so large a proportion of the inhabitants
attained the allotted age of threescore years and ten. Before the
year 1789, the registry of deaths does not indicate the age of the
deceased, with only two exceptions ; but during that year a new
system was adopted. If I have counted correctly, the whole num
ber of deaths registered from
August 12, 1789, to December 31, 1881, is . . . 2,222
The number under 70 years is . . . . . 1,708
The number from 70 to 80 years is ... . 253
The number from 80 to 90 years is . . . . 202
The number from 90 to 100 years is . . . .58
The number over 100 years is  1
Hence it appears, that of the whole number who deceased in
Hardwick during a period somewhat exceeding ninety-one years,
nearly one fourth part (23^ in every 100) attained the age of
70 years ; more than one ninth part (11| in every 100) reached
80 years ; one in every 37| survived 90 years ; and one ^ com
pleted the full century.
1 The records and a headstone indicate a second centenarian ; but the age is over
rated.

CHAPTER L
INDIAN HISTORY.
Indian Occupation. — Indian Fortress. — King Philip. — Indian Hostilities in
Plymouth and Bristol Counties. — Sanguinary Conflict at Winnimisset. —
Quabaog destroyed. — Report by Ephraim Curtis concerning the Nipmucks.
— Captain Edward Hutchinson's Commission and Death. — Captain Thomas
Wheeler's Narrative. — The Indians abandon their Stronghold at Winnimis
set. — Personal Encounter between Captain Eleazar Warner and a Canada
Indian. There is no evidence within my knowledge, that the present
township of Hardwick was ever occupied by the Indians as a
place of residence ; but that these hills furnished favorite hunt
ing-grounds, there were manifest tokens in my younger days.
Stone arrow-heads ^ were found so abundantly in the fields as to
indicate their frequent and long-continued visitation in pursuit of
game. Moreover, long before the settlement of the town by
Englishmen the Indians had a military stronghold at Winni
misset, now in New Braintree, but for .many years included in
Hardwick. At this place occurred a sanguinary conflict between
the two races, at the commencement of what is generally called
King Philip's War. "From 1671 to 1674 we meet with no
transaction of moment relative to the Indians, but it is affirmed
that Philip was all this time using measures to engage the Indians '
in all parts of New England to unite against the English. . . .
They did not expect to be prepared before the spring of 1676,
but PhiKp precipitated his own nation and his allies into a war
before they were prepared. . . . The war was hurried on by a
1 Another vestige of Indian occupancy the present owner of the field (formerly a
is in my possession. It is a stone imple- part of my father's homestead) where it
ment, fashioned hke a pestle, ten inches in was found half a century ao-o -V^erv nrob
length, with a groove at the smaller end ably it passed unnoticed under mv own
for the purpose of attachment to a handle, hoe in my boyhood, when laborins in that
The stone is different from the Hardwick field ; and hence it has an additional value
rocks, and of much finer grain. It was to me as a memento.
given to me by Mr. William C. Wesson,

INDIAN HISTORY. 5
piece of revenge, which Philip caused to be taken on John Sausa-
man, a praying Indian." ^ Sausaman had exposed to the English
some of the plots of Philip, who thereupon caused him to be
murdered. The murderers were tried and executed at Plymouth
in June, 1675. Philip was enraged, and commenced hostilities
at once. " June 24th, in the morning, one of the inhabitants of
Rehoboth was flred upon by a party of Indians, and the hilt of
his sword shot off. The same day in the afternoon, being a fast,
as Swanzey people were coming from public worship, the Indians
attacked them, killed one and wounded others, and killed two
men who were going for a surgeon, beset a house in another part
.of the town, and there murdered six more."^ The English
gathered troops, and in July attacked the Indians in a swamp at
.Pocasset, hoping to capture or destroy them ; but the attempt
was unsuccessful. " This disappointment encouraged the Indians
in other parts of New England to follow Philip's example, and
begin their hostilities against the English. Some few had begun
before. The Nipnet or Nipmuck Indians had killed four or five
people at Mendon, in the Massachusetts Colony, the 14th of July.
The Governor and Council, in hopes of reclaiming the Nipnets,
sent Captain Hutchinson with twenty horsemen to Quabaog
(Brookfield), near which place there was to be a great rendez
vous of those Indians. The inhabitants of Quabaog had been
deluded with the promise of a treaty, at a place agreed upon, the
2d of August. Some of the principal of them accompanied Cap
tain Hutchinson thither. Not finding the Indians there, they
rode forward four or five miles towards the Nipnets' chief town.
When they came to a place called Meminimisset,^ a narrow
passage between a steep hill and a thick swamp, they were am
bushed by two or three hundred Indians, who shot down eight of
the company, and mortally wounded three more. Captain Hutch
inson being one of the number. The rest escaped through a
by-path to Quabaog. The Indians flocked into the town ; but
the inhabitants, being alarmed, had all gathered together in the
principal house. They had the mortification to see all their
dwelling-houses, about twenty, with their barns and outhouses
burnt."* A more particular "narrative" of this sanguinary struggle,
1 Hutchinson's Hist, of Mass., i. 283- ' Now called Winnimisset, in New
285. Braintree.
2 Ibid., i. 286, 287. * Hutchinson's Hist, of Mass., i. 291,
292.

6 HISTORY OP HARDWICK.
written by Captain Thomas Wheeler, one of the actors therein,
which Hutchinson seems not to have seen, was reprinted in the
Collections of the New Hampshire Historical Society in 1827 ;
and some manuscript details of preliminary proceedings have
been preserved in the Massachusetts Archives, but I think have
never been printed. From these sources it appears that in July,
1675, the Governor and Council employed Ephraim Curtis ^ to
visit the Nipmuck Indians at Quabaog (Brookfield), and to ascer
tain their position in the controversy which had commenced.
On his return he exhibited a report as follows : —
" To the honered Governer and Councle of the Massathusets.
Colony in New England.^
" Wheras your honors imployed your servant to conduct Un-,
cheas his six men homwards as far as Wabaquesesue, and alsoe
to make a perffet discovery of the motions of the Nepmug or
Western Indians, your honors may be pleased here to see my
return and relation. I conducted Unkeas his men safly while I
com in sight of Wabquesesue new planting fielde ; first to Na-
tuck, from thenc to Marelborrow, from thenc to Esnemisco, from
thenc to Mumchogg, from thenc to Chabanagonkomug, from
thenc to Mayenecket, from thenc over the river to Seneksig, while
wee cam nere to Wabaquasesu, wher they were very willing that
wee should leve them, and returned thanks to Mr. Governer, and
to all them that shewed them kindness, and alsoe to us for our
company. And in my jorny my chefe indever was to inquire
after the motions of the Indians. The first information which I
had was at Marelborrow att the Indian fort, which was that my
hous at Quansigamug ^ was robed ; the Indians, to conferm it,
shewed me som of the goods and alsoe som other goods which
was non of mine. They told mee it was very daingerous for mee
to goe into the woods, for that Mattounas, which they said was
thp leader of them that robed my house, was in company of fifty
men of Phillips complices rainging between Chabanagonkamug
and Quatesook and Mendam and Warwick, and they might
1 Ephraim Curtis was of Sudbury (aft- « Worcester. During the attack on
erward of Worcester), and described him- Brookfield, " Ephraim Curtis, who may be
self as thirty-five years old in a deposition considered as the first setUer of Worces-
dated Sept. 11, 1675, now in the Mass. ter, distinguished himself as a gallant
Arch., Ixvii. 254. He was an active scout soldier in repelling their attacks. Having
and guide, and rendered very important actively engaged in military service, he rt
service. ceived the commission of lieutenant " He
2 I preserve the orthography, but sup- left posterity in Worcester. Lincol '
ply the punctuation. Hist, of Worcester, pp. ig^ 43.

INDIAN HISTORY. 7
hapen to mett mee ; and if I mised them, yet it was daingerous
to meet or see the other Nipmug Indians which wer gathered
together, for they would be reddy to shoot mee as soon as they
saw mee. With this newes, thos three Natuck Indians which
wer with mee as voUenteres were discurriged and tould mee that
if I did not provide mor company they wer not willing -to goe
with mee. Hearing this, I repaired to the Consable of Marel
borrow and to the milletary officers and tould them my busnes,
and they presed two men with horses and armes to goe along with
mee. And soe as wee pased the forementioned place, wee could
not find any Indians, neither in tents nor feldes ; but after wee
pased Senecksik som milds into the woods westwards, wee found
an Indian path newly mad. There being with mee a voUenter
Indian that cam from the Indians out of the wilderness but two
or three days before, and hee tould mee hee would find them out.
Soe in our travell wee followed this tract many milds, aud found
many tents built, wherin I supos they might keep their randivos
for a day or two ; and soe wee found three places wher they had
piched, but found no Indians. And following still in pursut of the
tract, wee cora to the lead mynes by Springfield ould road, wher
wee saw new footing of Indians : and soe looking out sharp, in
about two milds riding wee saw two Indians, which when wee
saw I sent the Indian that went with mee from Marrelborrow to
speek with them. But soe soone as they had discovered us they
ran away from us, but with fast riding and much calling two of
our Indians stopped one of them ; the other ran away. Wee
asked the Indian wher the other Indians were ; hee being sup-
prised with feare could scarcely speak to us, but only tould us
that the Indians were but a littel way from us. Soe then I sent
the Marrelborrow Indian before us, to tell them that the Gouv-
ner of the Massathusets messenger was a coming with peacable
words ; but when hee cam to them they would not beleve him ;
hee therfore cam riding back aud meet us. Thes Indians have
newly begun to settel themselves uppon an Hand conteinging
about four acres of ground, being compased round with a brood
miry swamp on the one sid and a mudy river with meaddow on
both sids of it one the other sid, and but only one place that a
hors could posably pas, and there with a great deal of difficulty
by reson of the mier and dirt. Befor wee com to the river ther
mett us att least forty Indians at a littell distance from the river,
some with ther guns uppon ther shoulders, others with ther guns
in ther hands reddy cocked and primed. As wee cam nere to the

8 HISTORY OF HARDWICK. -
river most of them next to the river presented att us. All my
aquantanc would not know mee, although I saw ner twenty of
them together and asked ther wellfare, knowing that many of
them could speek good Englesh. I speak to many of them in the
Governor's name, which I called my raaster, the great Sachim of
the Massathuset Englesh, requiring them to owne ther fidellyty
and ingidgement to the Englesh, telling them that I cam not to
fight with them or to hurt them, but as a messinger from the
Governer to put them in mind of their ingaidgment to the Eng
lish. I think some of them did beleve mee, but the most of them
would not. Ther was a very great upror amonghst them : som of
thera would have had race and ray corapany presently kiled ; but
many others, as I understood afterwards, wer against it. I re
quired ther Sachims to com over the river ; but they refused, say
ing that I must com over to them. My comppany wer somthing
unwiUing, for they thought themselves in very great dainger
wher wee wer; they said what shall wee bee when- [wee] are
over the river amongst all the vile rout ? I tould them wee had
better never have sen them, then not to speak with ther Sachims,
and if wee run from them in the tim of this tumult they would
shoot after us and kill som of us. Soe with much difficulty wee
got over the river and meaddow to the Hand wher they stood to
face us att our coming out of the mire, many Indians with ther
guns presented att us, redy cocked and primed. Soe wee rushed
between them and called for ther Sachim ; they presently faced
about and went to surround us, many of them with ther guns
cocked and primed at us. We rushed between them one or
twice, and bid them stand in a body, and I would face them ; but
still the uprore continued with such noyes that the aire rang. I
required them to lay down their armes, and they comanded us
to put up our armes first, and com of our horses, which I refused
to doe. Som of them which wer inclinable to beleve us, or wer
our friends, som layd down ther armes, but the others continued
the uprore for a while ; and with much threattening and perswa-
sion, at last the uprore ceased. Many of them sayd they would
neyther beleve mee nor my master without hee would send them
two or three bushells of powder. Att lingth I spok with ther
Sachims, which wer five, and ther other grandes which I think
wer about twelve more ; our Natuck Indians semed to be very in-
dustrous all this tim to still the tumult and to persuad the In
dians. And as soone as I cam to speek with the Sachims we dis
mounted and put up our armes. I had a great deal of spech with

INDIAN HISTORY. 9
them by an interpreter, being brought to ther court and sent out
again three or four times.. The nams of the Sachims are thes :
1, Muttaump ; 2, Konkewasco ; 3, Willymachen ; 4, Upchat-
tuck ; 6, Keehood ; 6, Nontatousoo. Muttaump I perceive is
chosen to bee head over the other five, and was the chefe speaker.
There company in number I judg may bee ner two hundred of
men. They would fain have had mee to stay all night : I asked
the reson of some that could speak Englesh ; they sayd that they
had som messengers at Cunnetequt and som southward, and that
was the reson they would have mee stay. I asked them the re
son of ther rud behavour toward us, and they sayd they heard
that the Englesh had kiled a man of thyres about Merrymak
River, and that they had an intent to destroy them all. I left
them well apeased when I cam away. Mor might be added ;
but thus far is a true relation, p' your honers most humbel ser-
vent. Ephraim Curtis.
" July y" 16, 1675." i
Immediately afterwards Curtis was sent again with " a mes
sage to the Nipmug Indians." He reported, July 24, 1675, that
he "found them att the same place wher they wer before; " that
they manifested a better temper, and that " they proraised that
Keehoud and one mor of their principle men would come to the
Massathusets Bay within foure or five days and speek with our
Great Sachim." ^ This promise was not fulfilled, and the govern
ment organized a military expedition. A paper remains in the
Archives, indorsed " Capt. Hutchinsons Instructions, 27 July,
1675," to wit : —
" Boston, 27 July, 1675. The Council, beeing informed that
the Narraganset Indians are come downe with about one hundred
armed men into the Nipmuck country, — Do order you, Capt.
Edward Hutcheson, to take with you Capt. Thomas Wheler
and his party of horse, with Ephraim Curtis for a guide, and a
sufficient interpreter, and forthwith repaire into those parts, and
ther laubour to get a right understanding of the motions of the
Narraganset Indians, and of the Indians of Nipmuck ; and for
that end to demand of the leaders of the Narraganset Indians an
account of the grounds of their marching in the country, and re
quire an account of the Nipmuck Indians why they have not sent
downe their Sagamore according to their promise unto our mes
senger Ephraim Curtis. And further let them know that we are
1 Mass. Arch., Ixvii. 214-216. ^ ibid., Ixvii. 222, 223.

10 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
informed that there are sorae among them that have actually
joyned with our enimies in the murder .and spoyle made upon the
English by Philip, and that Matoones and his complices who
have rob'd and murdered our people about Mendon are now
araong them ; and that wee require them to deliver up to you, or
forthwith bring in to us, those our enimies ; otherwise wee must
looke at them to bee no freinds to us, ayders and abbetors. . . .
And in prosecution of this affayre, if you should meet with any
Indians that stand in opposition to you or declare theraselves
to be your eniraes, then you are ordered to ingage with them,
if you see reson for it, and endeavor to reduce them by force of
arms." ^
The tragical result of this expedition was described by Captain
Thomas Wheeler, in " A true Narrative of the Lord's Providences
in various dispensations towards Captain Edward Hutchinson of
Boston and rayself, and those that went with us into the Niprauck
Country, and also to Quabaug, alias Brookfield." — " The said
Captain Hutchinson and rayself, with about twenty men or more,
marched from Cambridge to Sudbury July 28, 1675, and from
thence into the Nipmuck Country ; and finding that the Indians
had deserted their towns, and we having gone until we came
within two miles of New Norwitch on July 31, . . . we then
thought it not expedient to raarch any further that way, but set
our raarch for BrcJokfield, whither we carae on the Lord's day
about noon. From thence the sarae day (being August 1), we
understanding that the Indians were about ten miles northwest
from us, we sent out four men ^ to acquaint the Indians that we
were not come to harm them, but our business was only to de
liver a message from our honoured Governour and Council to
them, and to receive their answer, we desiring to come to a treaty
of peace with them (though they had for several days fled from
us), they having before professed friendship and promised fldel
ity to the English. When the messengers came to them they
made an alarm, and gathered together about an hundred and fifty
fighting men, as near as they could judge. The young men
amongst them were stout in their speeches, and surly in their car
riage. But at length some of the chief Sachems promised to
meet us on the next morning about 8 of the clock upon a plain
1 Miss. Arch., Ixvii. 227. Hucheson, and by his order went and
2 One of these men was Ephraim Cur- treated with the Nipmug Indians in
tis, who says in his deposition : " The swamp about eight milds from Oua-
third time I waa sent out with Cap. booge." Mass. Arch., Ixvii. 254

INDIAN HISTORY. 11
within three miles of Brookfield ; with which answer the messen
gers returned to us. . . . Accordingly we with our men, accom
panied with three of the principal inhabitants of that town,
mai-ched to the plain appointed. . . . The Indians kept not prom
ise there with us. But the three men who belonged to Brookfield
were so strongly persuaded of their freedom from any ill inten
tions towards us . . . that the said Captain Hutchinson, who
was principaUy intrusted with the matter of Treaty with them,
was thereby encouraged to proceed and march forward towards a
swampe where the Indians then were. When we came near the
said swampe, the way was so very bad that we could march only
in a single file, there being a very rocky hill on the right hand,
and a thick swampe on the left, in which there were many of
those cruel bloodthirsty heathen, who there waylaid us, waiting an
opportunity to cut us off : there being also much brush on the side
of the said hill, where they lay in ambush to surprise us. When we
had raarched there about sixty or seventy rods, the said perfidious
Indians sent out their shot upon us as a showre of haile, they being
(as was supposed) about two hundred men or more. We seeing
ourselves so beset, and not having room to fight, endeavoured to
fly for the safety of our lives. . . . There were then slain, to our
great grief, eight men, viz., Zechariah Philips of Boston, Timo
thy Farlow of Billericay, Edward Coleborn of .phelmsford, Sam
uel Smedly of Concord, Sydracfa-Hopgood of Sudbury, Sergeant
Eyres,! Serjeant Prichard,^ and Corporal Coy,' the inhabitants of
Brookfield, aforesaid. It being the good pleasure of God that
they should all there fall by their hands of whose good intentions
they were so confident, and whom they so little mistrusted.
There were also then five persons wounded, viz.. Captain Hutch
inson,* myself, and my son Thomas, as aforesaid,^ Corporal
French of Billericay ; . . . The fifth was John Waldoe of
Chelmsford." «
The survivors fled to Brookfield, took possession of " one of the
1 John Ayres. loving and dutiful son, he adventuring
2 William Prichard. himself into great peril of his life to help
3 Richard Coye. me in that distress ; there being many of
* Captain Hutchinson died of his the enemies about me, my son set me on
wounds, August 19, 1675. his own horse and so escaped a while on
6 Captain Wheeler's horse was killed, foot himself, until he caught an horse
and himself sorely wounded. He bears this whose rider was slain, on which he mount-
testimony to the good conduct of his son, ed ; and so through God's great mercy we
who " had then received a dangerous both escaped."
wound in the reins : ... he endeavoured « Coll. N. H. Hist. Society, ii. 5-10.
to rescue me, shewing himself therein a

12 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
largest and strongest houses therein " (into which all the inhab
itants were speedily gathered), and there defended themselves
two days against the violent assaults of the Indians, until relieved
by the force under Major WiUard. On his approach, the Indians
betook themselves to the wilderness. "But before they- went
away, they burnt aU the town except the house we kept in, and
another that was not then finished. They also made great spoyle
of the cattel belonging to the inhabitants." ^
After this, the Indians never returned to Brookfield as a place
of residence ; but for more than half a century they hovered
around the town, occasionally destroying property and killing the
inhabitants. It does not appear how long they retained their
stronghold at Winnimisset ; but it is certain that after a short
time they returned and remained there until after the destruction
of Lancaster on the 10th of the ensuing February. Mrs. Rowland-
son says that on the second day after that disaster, " in the after
noon, about an hour by sun, we came to the place where they
intended, viz. an Indian town called Wenimesset, northward of
Quabaug," and remained there until after February 18, on
which day her daughter, six years old, and wounded at Lancaster,
died, and was buried on the hill east of the swamp.^ Subse
quently Muttaump, the chief Sachem of the Quabaogs, is said to
have been hung at Boston, and the remnant of his tribe joined
with the River Indians.
I have devoted much space to the narration of these events,
partly because they occurred on territory which afterwards became
our own, partly because they illustrate the labors and perils and
sufferings to which the early settlers in the wilderness were ex
posed, and partly because at least one of the individual sufferers
was represented by his posterity among the first English inhabit-
1 Immediately after arriving at Brook- he came back again ; but towards morn-
field, Ephraim Curtis and another started ing the said Ephraim adventured forth
for Boston on horseback to report the dis- the third time, and was fain to creep on
aster ; hut the Indians had already ar- his hands aud knees for some space of
rived, and they were obliged to return, ground, that he might not be discerned by
" The next day," says Capt. Wheeler, " I the enemy, who waited to prevent our
spoke to Ephraim Curtis to adventure sending, if they could have hindered it.
forth again on that service, and to at- But through God's mercy he escaped their
tempt it on foot, as the way wherein there hands, and got safely to Marlboroush
was most hope of getting away undiscov- though very much spent and readv to
ered ; he readily assented aud accordingly faint, . . . from whence he went to Bos-
went out, but there were so many Indians ton. Coll. N. H. Hist. Soe. ii H-is
everywhere thereabouts, that he could not ^ Indian Captivities, pp. 25 26
pass without apparent hazard of life ; so

INDIAN HISTORY. 18
ants of this town. With a brief notice of a single affair in which
a prominent representative of that posterity was engaged, I shall
dismiss what maybe caUed the Indian History of Hardwick.
One of the " principal inhabitants " of Brookfield, whose cattle,
housej and household goods were destroyed by the Indians, was
John Warner,! who fled for refuge to Hadley (where one or more
of his sons then resided), and died there nearly twenty years
later. His grandson, Eleazar Warner, who was born 27th Jan
uary, 1686, very early entered the military service of his country,
and was assigned to duty on the frontiers. Whether he enlisted
in that company of his own choice, or was placed in it by author
ity, does not appear; but the fact is certain that he was for many
years stationed at Brookfield (the scene of his grandfather's dis
asters), first as a private soldier, and afterwards, by gradual pro
motion, as sergeant, ensign, and lieutenant of the company com
manded by Captain Samuel Wright of Rutland. Later in life,
he was captain of militia in Hardwick and New Braintree, and
retained that office until 1766, when he had attained the age of
threescore years and ten. About 1730, while yet in the service
of the government, he removed his family from his former resi
dence near Ditch Meadow to a farm which included a part of the
old Indian fortress at Winnimisset. Soon afterwards he went to
Canada, to effect an exchange of prisoners. While there an In
dian became offended, and followed him through the wilderness
to his home. According to the family tradition, as I received it
from his eldest daughter, my grandmother, after the Indian had
lurked about the house for a few days, Captain Warner went into
the forest with his musket. He soon discovered his enemy, who
stepped behind a tree, and he dropped by the side of a log. He
then adopted a common stratagem, placing his hat on a stick and
cautiously elevating it above the log, as if to reconnoitre. Almost
instantly a bullet passed through it, and he sprang upon his feet.
The Indian was rushing forward with his scalping knife in hand ;
but his race was soon ended, and his body was consigned to a lily-
pond between the road and the river, about half a mile east of the
Old Furnace.
Except in the foregoing solitary case, I am not aware that the
1 The Indian " deed of sale '' was de- said persons being betrusted by the town
livered hy Thomas Cooper, December 19, or present inhabitants of Brookfield for
1673, to "John Warner, Eichard Coye, taking in and receiving this present
and William Pritchard of Quabaog, alias deed." Fiske's Centennial Sermon, App.
Brookfield, for the use and as the proper iii.
right of the inhabitants of Brookfield, the

14 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Indians ever molested the inhabitants of Hardwick, although in
one respect it was a frontier town, when settled by the EngUsh.
There was a settlement at Rutland on the east, and Brookfield
on the south was again inhabited. A line of towns had also
been established on Connecticut River ; but otherwise the whole
country, between Hardwick and Hudson River, was then a wil
derness ; and in a direct Une to Quebec or Montreal there was
not a single English settlement.

CHAPTER IL
CIVIL HISTORY.
Purchases of Indian Titles. — Indian Deed. — The Proprietors petition the
General Court to confirm their Title. — The Representatives grant the
Request, but the Council non-concur. — First Settlement at the " Elbows."
— Title partially confirmed. — Purchase and Settlement of Leicester by the
same Proprietors. — Associates admitted. — Claim by Hendriok Kekquo
quau. — Answer by Proprietors.
Aeter the close of Philip's War some of the Nipmuck Indians
returned to their former haunts ; and both these, and others who
dwelt elsewhere, asserted hereditary rights in the soil which the
English recognized as valid, and extinguished by purchase.^
Among these purchases was that which, about half a century
later, resulted in the settlement of Hardwick. The deed of sale,
executed by sundry Indians, was recorded in the county of Hamp
shire, in which this territory was then embraced, from which
record it is here copied : ^ —
" Know all men by these presents, that we, John Magus, Law
rence Massowanno,^ attorneys to Annogomok,* Sachem of the
' Such purchases became very frequent on record deeds of release and warranty
immediately after the abrogation of the from the aboriginal owners of the soil.
Colony Charter in 1684. It was then In like manner, individuals purchased
assumed by the new representatives of large tracts of unoccupied territory, de-
royal authority that all titles to land signing at some future time to organize
derived from grants by the superseded new townships, or at least to have a place
government were utterly void aud worth- of refuge to which they might flee, if
less ; that the king was the absolute owner driven from their present habitations by
of the whole territory ; and that he had arbitrary power.
an undoubted right to dispose of it at his ^ In this copy, the orthography is pre-
own pleasure. Indeed the common and served, bijt the punctuation is revised.
undivided lands of some towns, and the The deed was also entered on the Pro-
farms of several individuals, were seized prietors' Records, with slight variations
and bestowed upon others. Apparently which are designated in the following
with the hope of securing themselves notes.
against the rapacity of their new rulers ^ jn jjig Index of Deeds, this name
by obtaining another title which might appears as Lawrance Nesawanno, and on
be respected, many towns, which had the Proprietors' Records as Lawrance
peacefully existed under a grant by the Nassowanno.
General Court, now procured and placed * Anogomok. — Prop. Rec.

16 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
tract of land caUed Wombemesscook,^ James and Simon, sons
and heirs of Black James, Sachem of the Nipmug countrey, for
divers good causes and considerations us thereunto movemg, and
more especiaUy for and in consideration of y° sum of twenty
pounds, currant money of New England, to us in hand paid by
Joshua Lambe, Nath. Paige,^ Andrew Gardiner,^ Benjf Gamb
lin, Benjamin Tucker, John Curtis, Richard Draper, and Samuel
Ruggles, of Roxberry in the county of Suffolk in New England,
y" receipt whereof we do hereby acknowledge ourselves therewith
to be fully satisfyed, contented, and paid, have given, granted,
bargained, sold, aliened, enfeoffed, and confirmed, and by these
presents do fully, freely, and absolutely give, grant, bargain, sell,
aliene, enfeoffe, and confirm, unto the said Lambe, Paige, Gardi
ner, Gamblin, Tucker, Curtis, Draper, and Ruggles, their heirs
and assignes, a certain tract or parcell of land, containing by esti
mation twelve miles long, north and south, and eight miles wide,
east and west, scituate, lying and being near Quabaug, com
monly known by the narae of Womberaesiscook,* being butted
and bounded southerly upon the land of Joseph Dudley, Esq.,
lately purchased of the Indians, easterly the southerraost corner
upon a pond called Sasagookapaug, and soe by a brook which
runneth into the said pond, and soe up northerly unto a place
called Nequaes,^ and soe still northerly until it meets with a
river Menamesick,^ and westerly by the river untill it come against
Quabaug bounds, and joynes unto their bounds, or however, or
however,'' otherwise butted and bounded ; together with all and
singular y" rights, commodities, liberties, privilidges, and appur
tenances, whatsoever, to the same belonging, or however other
wise appertaining. To have and to hold the said tract or parcel
of land, scituate, containing, and being, as aforesaid, to the said
Lamb, Paige, Gardiner, Gamblin, Tucker, .Curtis, Draper, and
Ruggles, their heirs and assigns, in common tenancy, to their only
propper use and behoofe ^ forever. And the said John Magus,
Lawrence Nassowanno, attorneys as aforesaid, James and Simon,
heirs of Black James, as aforesaid, do covenant, promise, and
grant, for themselves, hfeirs, executors, and administrators, to and
with the said Joshua Lamb, Nathaniel Paige, Andrew Gardiner,
Benjamin GambUn, Benjamin Tucker,^ Richard Draper, and
1 Wombemesisecook. — Prop. Rec. e Nenameseck. — Prop. Rec ¦
' Nathanniell Paige. — Prop. Rec. t So in the record.
" Uniformly on the Proprietors' Rec- « Use, benefit, and behoofe — P™n
ords, this name is written Gardner. Ree. ' -^^
* Wombemesisecook.- Prop. i?«c. • John Curtis is here omitted in th.
» Ueques. — Prop. Ace. record.

CIVIL HISTORY. 17
Samuel Ruggles, their heirs and assignes, that they will i the
above granted and bargained land, and every part and parcel
thereof, with their and every of their appurtenances, warrant and
defend from all and every person and persons whatsoever, claim
ing any right or title thereto, or interest therein, frora, by, or
under us. In witness whereof, the said John Magus, Lawrence
Nassowanno, attorney's as aforesaid, James and Simon, have here
unto set their hands and scales, this twenty-seventh day of Decem
ber, Anno Domini one thousand six hundred eighty and six,
annoq. R. R? Jacobi Secundi Anglise &c. Secundo.

Signed, sealed, and
delivered in pres
ence of us,
John Gardiner.

John Magus, and seale.
Lawrence Nasowanno, his mark and seale.
' James, his mark and seale.
Simon, his mark and seale.

Samuel Anay. ^ J Anogemag,' his mark and seale.*
" John Magus, James, and Simon, Indians, subscribers to this
instrument, personally appeareing acknowledged the same to be
their act and deed, June 25*" 1687, before me,
William Stoughton.
" On the 7th day of May 1723, this deed was received, and
was then here registered from the original.
Pr John Pynchon, Regf"^
No immediate effort is known to have been made to derive
any profit from the purchase of this territory in the wilderness.®
Even the title-deed was not recorded until more than thirty-six
years after its date. At this period all the original purchasers,
except Deacon Richard Draper, had left all. terrestrial possessions
and departed to a better country, even a heavenly. At length,
however, their heirs and assigns determined to take possession of
the property, and to improve it for their " mutual advantage,"
for which purpose they adopted and placed on record the follow
ing agreement : —
" Whereas we, the subscribers, or our ancestors have fairly
purchased of the native and original owners thereof a certain
1 This sentence is differently con- ^ A similar delay occurred in the set-
strncted on Prop. Rec. tlement of Leicester (including Spencer),
2 Samuell May. — Prop. Rec. which was purchased by the same per-
2 Anogomog. — Prop. Rec. sons, together with Ralph Bradhurst; the
* The Indian marks are recorded, but deed bears date 27th Jan. 1686-7, but no
here omitted. settlement of the territory was made until
^ Oia Hampshire Registry of Deeds (now 1713.
in the Hampden Registry at Springfield),
Book D, page 237. 2

18 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
tract of land lying near Quabaog or Brookfield, commonly then
called by the narae of Wombemesisecook for a valuable consid
eration, as per the deed thereof duly executed, acknowledged,
and recorded, bearing date 1686, wiU be more plainly manifested :
and whereas the bounds of said tract be not so certainly known,
or the contents thereof: we, therefore, the persons concerned,
viz., Joshua Lamb, for himself ; ^ Nathaniel Paige and Christo
pher Paige, as heirs to Nathaniel Paige ; Samuel Green and
Edward Sumner, as assigns to Andrew Gardner's heirs ; Caleb
Seaver, one of the heirs of Benjarain Gamblin; Benjarain Tucker
and Samuel Davis, as heirs to Benjamin Tucker; Benjamin
Sraith, on behalf of John Curtis' heirs ; Richard Draper, for
hiraself ; and Joseph Ruggles, for the heirs of Samuel Ruggles :
Do hereby authorize and empower the above-named Samuel
Green to eraploy and improve a surveyor and two other persons
suitable for that purpose to view and consider and mark out the
said lands, as butted and bounded in said deed ; to take an
account of the waste land, ponds, as well as other land therein
fit for settlements ; and make report of their doings to ourselves
the last Tuesday in April next : that so we may proceed therein
for the mutual advantage of the purchasers ; — the said meeting
to be at the house of Simon Rogers in Boston on the said
Tuesday. Witness our hands this 20th of February, 1726-7.
" Richard Draper. .„ "'^ „
Joseph Ruggles. Benjamin B.^ Smith.
Nathaniel Paige. Joshua Lamb.
Christopher Paige. Samuel Green.
Benjamin Tucker. Edward Sumner.
Samuel Davis. Caleb Seaver."
Subsequent proceedings are recorded as follows: —
"At a legal Proprietors' meeting at Simon Rogers in Boston
on the 25th of AprU 1727 ; in the first place, by a major vote of
the proprietors we chose Deacon Richard Draper Moderator of
said meeting ; in the next place, by a major vote of the proprie
tors, we chose Joseph Ruggles Proprietors' Clerk : in the next
place, voted that Capt. Samuel Green should be allowed the
charges in his account expended upon finding out the said land,
to be paid the next meeting ; and in the last place, voted that
this meeting be adjourned to the same place the last Tuesday of
May next, at one of the clock in the afternoon."
1 Colonel Joshua Lamb was, probably, sole owner of the share purchased bv his
father, who died 23d September, 1690. ^

CIVIL HISTORY. 19
At the adjourned meeting, " Voted, on the 30th of May, 1727,
by the Proprietors of a certain tract of land contained iu a deed
signed John Magus, Lawrence Nassawanno, &c., dated 27th of
December, 1686, that Col. Joshua Lamb, Deacon Richard Draper
and Capt. Samuel Green, be a committee to represent the whole
proprietors, and to prefer such a petition to the honorable Gen
eral Court as they in their prudence may think fit ; the prayer
of which to contain what raay be most needful for the safe pro
ceeding of said proprietors in settling the said propriety."
In the printed Journal of the House of Representatives, under
date of June 10, 1727, we find this record : " A petition of
Joshua Lamb, Richard Draper, and Samuel Green, as they are
a coiumittee of a number of proprietors and purchasers of a cer
tain tract of land, lying near the town of Brookfield, formerly
called Quabaug, shewing that the said Richard Draper and sun
dry others formerly purchased of some Indians a large tract of
land called Wombemesiscook, butted and bounded as by said
deed exhibited with the petition appears, being acknowledged
and recorded, praying that this Court would confirm unto them
and those they represent, and their associates, the said tract of
land, that they may be encouraged to raake a speedy settleraent
thereof, for the reasons mentioned. Read, and committed to the
Coramittee appointed to take into consideration the several peti
tions for lands to be erected into townships." The Committee
submitted a report June 23, 1727, and it was thereupon " Voted,
that the contents of six miles square be allowed to the purchasers
of the tract within mentioned, between the town of Brookfield
and the Equivalent land in the county of Hampshire, to be laid
out by a surveyor and chainmen upon oath ; provided that within
five years next after such survey and confirmation thereof by
this Court, the grantees, their heirs and assigns, shall settle fifty
families, that are now inhabitants of this Province, and have a
meeting-house erected, a Minister settled, a lot for the ministry,
and one for the school laid out ; the houselots to be laid out as
near as may be, and as regularly and defensibly as the land will
allow of, provided the petitioners make no further claim to the
said land within mentioned." ^ The General Court Records show
that the Council non-concurred .June 28, 1727.
1 The tract here described includes sub- there unite. On the revision of the line
stantially the town of Palmer, and the between the two States, in 1713, it was
northerly part of Warren; it was then found that Massachusetts had granted
called "The Elbows," from the peculiar some land for townships which properly
angles formed by the three rivers which belonged to Connecticut ; and as a com-

20 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
It is evident that a settlement had already been commenced at
the " Elbows " ; for on the next day after the rejection of their
petition by the CouncU, June 29, 1727, the Proprietors met at
Boston, and " in the first place chose Deacon Draper Moderator ;
in the next place voted that Capt. Green should go upon the
proprietors' land, and warn them off from making any further
improvement thereon: again voted that Capt. Samuel Green
should agree with those persons that have made a pitch upon the
said land for the present year, as he and they shall agree, as our
tenants." ^ It would seem that those who had " pitched upon
the said land," without authority, were quieted in their posses
sion, and that not long afterwards a colony of Scotch Presbyte- _
rians, sometiraes called Scotch-Irish, were adraitted.^ The Rev.
Simeon Colton, in a brief sketch of Palmer, published in the
Historical Magazine, October, 1869, says : " The earliest date of
the laying out of any lot of land is the llth of June, 1728. . . .
There are many lots laid out in 1728, most of which were laid
out in December." Notwithstanding the Council had refused to
concur with the House of Representatives in granting the au
thority which the proprietors desired, they asserted their just
right to the territory, and deterrained to make it available by
admitting settlers. At a meeting, July 25, 1728, after reciting
the purchase, and the failure to obtain " the privileges of a town
ship," they elected Joseph Ruggles to be their clerk, and directed
that he should be sworn, and should " buy a good book of clean
paper to record all our acts and votes in, from year to year."
The record continues : " And we do also hereby appoint Capt.
Samuel Green, and Mr. Nathaniel Paige, and the Rev. Mr.
Timothy Ruggles, to be a Committee to procure a good and weU
approved of Surveyor and two Chainmen, who shall be under
oath to the faithful discharge of their office and trust, and shall
survey six miles square within our claim, and draw a fair platt
thereof, and the same put on record ; and any two of the com
mittee to have full power to act; and also their power is to
peusation, or equivalent therefor, the sided in Leicester more than ten years, of
former granted to the latter a large tract which town, as well as of Lambstown,' or
of land embracing the present towns of Hardwick, he was a proprietor.
Belchertown and Pelham, and the greater 2 «_a.s early as 1727, settlements were
part of Pi-escott and Ware. This tract made in what is now Palmer, under grants
was called the " Equivalent Land," which or permits from the proprieiors of Lambs-
was sold by Connecticut for about six town, by a colony of emio-rants from the
farthings per acre. See Palfrey's Hist, north of Ireland, among whom were
iV ^n^., iv. 363. Isaac Magoun and James Brakenridge."
1 Captain Samuel Green had then re- —Hyde's Address at Ware, 1847, p. 7

CIVIL HISTORY. 21
extend to make an agreement with such persons as have settled
upon the same as to the bounds of their farms, and what to give
for their interests there, and to improve the money they shaU
gain thereby towards defraying the charge that the committee
shall be at in the work they are empowered to do. , . . Then to
proceed to make an allotment of forty or fifty lots, one for a
minister, one for a ministry, and one for a school ; and the other
to be disposed of as the proprietors shall hereafter order and
agree." ^
During the next year another effort was made by the proprie
tors to have their claims recognized by the General Court. By
the printed Journal of the House of Representatives, it appears
that on the 24th of September, 1729, "A petition of Joshua
Lamb, Esq. and Mr. Timothy Ruggles, a committee of a num
ber of proprietors and purchasers of a certain tract of land lying
near Brookfield, praying for confirmation of all or part thereof
for a township, for reasons mentioned. Read, and the question
was put whether the prayer of the petition should be granted.
It passed in the negative."
Two months later the printed Journal describes a general
scramble for this territory. November 25, 1729 : " A petition of
Josiah Edson and sundry others, inhabitants of Bridgewater, pray
ing for a grant of a tract of land for a township between Ware
River and Swift River. Read and referred to Thursday the 27th
current, when other petitions for lands are to come under consid
eration." November 27, 1729 : " A petition of Isaac Burr, John
King,2 and sundry others, shewing that they are settled upon a
certain tract of land, bounded easterly by Brookfield, southerly
and westerly by Brimfield, and northerly by Coldspring,^ by ad-
1 Both the trespassers, or squatters, ^ On the fly-leaf of the first volume of
and those who were regularly admitted, the Rochester Church Records is this mem-
united in a petition to the General Court, orandum : " On the 18th May, 1729, then
November 24, 1732, for a grant of this John King and Sarah his wife, who lived
land to themselves, alleging that " the rea- at a place called the Elbows in Hampshire
son why your petitioners entered ou the County owned the covenant and their
said land was as follows : Some from the children were baptized, viz., William,
encouragement of Jobhua Lamb Esq. and Thomas, Joseph, Benjamin, Aaron, and
Company, that the said land belonged to Sarah, by me, who was sent by the pro-
them, and that they would give to such of prietors of the lands to minister to them.
your petitioners as entered under them a Timothy Ruggles." Had the visit been
good right and title to such a part thereof six months later, the result might have
as they respectively contracted for : . . . been different.
Others of your petitioners entered on ' Now Belchertown.
from necessity, not having wherewith of
their own to provide."

22 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
mission of the Reverend Mr. Timothy Ruggles of Rochester and
others, a committee of the proprietors of said tract of land (as
they call themselves), praying that they may have the grant and
authority of this Court for settUng on said land, and be exempted
frora the conditions they have entered into with the said com
mittee. Read. A petition of Robert Auchmuty, Esq., for and in
behalf of Joshua Lamb, Esq., and Timothy Ruggles, Clerk, as
they are a committee of the proprietors of a certain tract or parcel
of land containing by estimation twelve miles long, north and
south, and eight miles wide, east and west, lying near Quabaug,
known by the name of Wombemsicunck, in which is concluded
the land petitioned for by Isaac Burr, John King, and others, as
also the land contained in the petition of Robert White, and John
Stiles, Josiah Edson, Jr., and sundry others, as well as sundry
other petitions for land within their propriety, praying that they
may be heard by their counsel, to raake out their right to the
lands contained in their purchase from the Indian Sachems, be
fore any grant on the said petitions be made, or that, if any
grant should pass, that a saving of their right and claim may be
inserted, for the reasons mentioned." December 2, 1729 : All the
parties were heard, and the petitions were rejected.
Sirailar petitions were presented in June, 1731, with this va
riation : that John King and others asked to " be confirraed in
their possession of the said lands, saving to Col. Lamb and asso
ciates their right therein." June 16 : " The House proceeded to
the consideration of the several petitions of Joshua Lamb and
others, Joseph Wright and others, and John King and others, en
tered on the 15th instant, which were severally read, and the pa
pers referring to them; and after a long debate the questions
were severally put, whether the prayers of the said petitions
should be granted ? and it passed in the negative." Apparently
despairing of success in their effort to obtain confirmation of their
title to the whole territory purchased by them, the committee, on
the next day after the rejection of their petition, June 7, 1731,
entered a new petition for « eight miles square, adjacent to the
river called Nenemeseck, alias Ware River (in such form as the
lands wiU admit of), for a township." This petition was rejected
December 31, 1731 ; and on the next day " a petition of Joshua
Lamb, Timothy Ruggles, Joseph Ruggles, and Ebenezer Pierpont,
in behalf of themselves and associates," was presented for the
grant of " a tract of land of the contents of six miles square."
This petition was granted by the House January 13, 1732 • the
Council concurred ; but the Governor withheld his consent. '

CIVIL HISTORY. 23
The same committee renewed their petition, at the next session
of the General Court, reciting the facts before stated, and praying
for "a grant of land of the contents of six miles square on the
northward of the river aforesaid, and adjacent thereto." " In the
House of Representatives, June 17"\ 1732. Read, and in answer
to this petition ordered, that there be and hereby is granted unto
the petitioners and their associates a tract of land of the contents
of six miles square for a township, at the place petitioned for, to
be laid out in a regular form by a surveyor and chainmen under
oath, a plan thereof to be presented to this Court at their next
session for confirmation : ^ the said land by them to be settled on
the conditions following, viz., that they within the space of five
years settle and have on the spot sixty families (the settlers to be
none but such as are natives of New England),^ each settler to
build a good and convenient dwelling-house, of one story high,
eighteen feet square at the least, and clear and bring to four acres
fit for improvement, and three acres more, well stocked with
English grass, and also lay out three shares throughout the town,
each share to be one sixty-third part of the said town, one share
for the first settled minister, one for the ministry, and the other
for the school ; and also build a convenient meeting-house, and
settle a learned and orthodox minister, within the term aforesaid."
Tbe Council concurred June 20, and Governor Belcher consented
June 30, 1732.
Thus, after a tedious and expensive delay of five years duration
from the date of their first petition, the proprietors obtained legal
recognition of their title to a little raore than one third part of the
territory which they clairaed under their Indian deed ; being the
north end of the tract, instead of the south end for which they
first sought confirmation. The question naturally arises, what
occasioned such long delay ? When the same proprietors desired
to improve their property at Leicester in 1714, the General
Court granted their first petition, and not only recognized their
title, but established the territory at once as a township. Why
was not their petition in the present case granted as readily ?
1 This plan was presented November ony was admissible ; but this new restric-
24, 1732, describing 23,043 acres, "north tion effectually excluded all except the
of Ware River and adjoining to it, near native-born population. It is not improb-
the mouth of Great Meadow Brook." able that this exclusion was made at the
2 In the order passed by the House, suggestion of the petitioners, who had al-
June 23, 1727, it was required that the ready sufierfed so much annoyance and
grantees should " settle fifty families that loss by the conduct of those who had set-
are now inhabitants of this Province," un- tied at the Elbows.
der which provision the Scotch-Irish Col-

24 HISTORY OP HARDWICK.
Perhaps one reason was this: the " Equivalent Land," granted
by the General Court in 1713, was so near to Brookfield and the
" Braintree six thousand acres," that a tract of twelve miles in
length and eight mUes in width, bordering on Nenemeseck or
Ware River, could not be found between the Elbows and Rutland,
which then included Barre. Moreover, in this case the proprie
tors did not adopt the expensive raethod which had formerly
proved so successful. The order of the General Court, confirm
ing the title of Leicester to the nine persons who purchased the
territory of the Indians, was passed February 25, 1713-4.
" These proprietors had probably already associated others -with
them in the enterprise of settling the town and sharing in the
speculation ; for we find them executing a deed on the 23d of the
same February, which was acknowledged before Penn Townsend,
Esq., to thirteen other associates, dividing the same into twenty
equal and undivided shares, of which two were equally divided,
each between two, so as to make twenty-two proprietors of the
twenty shares. The names of the persons who thus became in
terested with the original purchasers were Jeremiah Dummer,
Paul Dudley, John Clark, Addington Davenport, Thomas Hutch
inson, John White, William Hutchinson, Francis Wainwright,
John Chandler and Thomas Howe as one, Daniel Allen and Sam
uel Sewall as one, and William Dudley. Every one of these
were raen of influence in the Province. ... If it were proper, at
this distance of time, to indulge in any conjectures in relation to
the affairs of the proprietors, one would be led to remark upon
the character and position of the men with whom the original pur
chasers shared the territory they had acquired. They embraced
some of the raost prominent and leading men of both political
parties, some of them connected with the immediate government
of the Province, and quite a proportion of them united by strong
family ties ; aud if it could be supposed that by lapse of time, or
defect in the original deed, or any other cause, it had become nec
essary to exert a combined influence over the government in
order to obtain a confirraation of the title, it is pretty obvious
that these were precisely the class of men through whose aid such
a measure might be hoped to be accomplished." i No such lavish
expenditure was made to secure the grant of Hardwick. But
six months afterwards, December 27, 1732, Joseph Haskell of
Rochester, Samuel WiUis, Esq., of Dartraouth, and Ebenezer
Pierpont and Colonel WiUiam Dudley of Roxbury were admitted
1 Washburn's Hist, of Leicester, pp. 9, lo^ 14.

CIVIL HISTORY. 25
as joint proprietors, " each of them for a whole share," making
the shares " twelve in number and no more." If these persons
did not purchase their shares by payment of money, Haskell and
WiUis probably rendered efficient aid in bringing forward the set
tlement by inducing their townsmen to emigrate to the wilder
ness ; Pierpont was cousin to the Ruggles heirs, and was proprie
tors' clerk, and apparently legal adviser for several years ; Dudley
only can reasonably be suspected of having used official infiuence
in obtaining the grant, but even of him it is recorded that his
share was received in right of his brother Thomas, deceased.
Several years later, the title to this territory was bhallenged
by a Stockbridge Indian. This subject is introduced here, some
what out of the order of time, as a fit conclusion of this chapter.
The original papers are still preserved : —
" To his Honor Spencer Phips, Esq., Lieut. Governor and
Comraander in Chief in and over his Majesty's Province of the
Massachusetts Bay in New England, and to the Hon. his Majesty's
Council and House of Representatives in General Court convened
at Boston, September the 26'^ 1750.
" The Memorial of Hendrick ^Kequoquau, now resident at
Stockbridge, a native and claimer of the northern part of Brook
field, alias the land called Lambstown, lying on the northwest
of the said Brookfield, humbly sheweth, That your memorialist,
being born and brought up at said Brookfield, and by right of
inheritance from his ancestors the proper owner of said land,
your memorialist, not having yet sold the said land, or ever in
any way or manner received any thing in consideration therefor,
although your memorialist has had encouragement from Col.
Stoddard that he should be paid for the same. Your memorialist
has been long endeavouring to obtain justice respecting the prem
ises, but has hitherto failed. Your memorialist being aged and
necessitous, and standing in real need, having an honest and just
right to the lands granted away by this Province, your memorial
ist prays that the honored Court would be pleased to consider
the case, and agreeable to their invariable rule of justice and
goodness be pleased to grant something by way of satisfaction
for said lands. And your memorialist shall, as in duty bound,
ever pray, &c.
" Hendrick Kekquoquau (mark).
Adam Mahtaunkaumut (mark).
Mhtockaumunt (mark).

26 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
" N. B. — The reason of the two last signers is because they are
partners by relation, and are agents for the memorialist.
Instead of determining whether the Province should " grant
something by way of satisfaction," as prayed for by the petitioner,
an indorsement on the petition shows that the House of Repre
sentatives, October 10, 1750, " ordered that the proprietors of
Hardwick make the within naraed Hendrick proper satisfaction in
consideration of his right to the lands belonging to said Township ;
it appearing that he was one of the native owners of the same,
and it not appearing that he has made sale thereof." The Coun
cil non-concurred ; and an order of notice to the proprietors was
issued, returnable at the next session, at which tirae they pre
sented this answer : —
" To his Honor Spencer Phips, Esq., Lieut. Governor and Com
mander in Chief in and over his Majesty's Province of the
Massachusetts Bay in New England, and to the honorable his
Majesty's Council and House of Representatives in General
Court convened, January 1750-1, the answer of the Proprietors
of Hardwick to the memorial of Hendrick Kekquoquau, resident
at Stockbridge, humbly sheweth : — That in order to set this
affair in its proper light, we are obliged to recur to the year 1686,
when our ancestors purchased a tract of land, twelve miles north
and south, and eight miles east and west, of John Magus, Law
rance Nassawanno, James, Simon, and other Indian Sachems, to
the northward of Brookfield, by the River Nenemeseck, now
called Ware River ; that your respondents, the said purchasers, -
were at many hundred pounds charge to bring forward a settle
ment of a plantation on the southerly part of their said purchase,
about twenty years ago, at Kingston,^ by the Elbows, which was
quitted by the said purchasers without being reimbursed any of
their expenses. And in the year 1732 your respondents, in
consequence of their said purchase, obtained a grant of land, from
the General Court, of the contents of six miles square, on the
northward of Ware River and adjacent thereto for a township,
subject to certain conditions of settling the same (being part ot
the premises purchased by our ancestors as aforesaid), which
conditions of settling the said grantees many years since compUed
with, so as that in the year 1738 ^ the General Court, in their
wisdom saw cause to incorporate Lambstown into a Township by
the narae of Hardwick, wherein the bounds, in their act made for
1 Mass. Arch., xxxii. 68. s The Act of Incorporation wag ap-
2 Now Palmer. proved January 10, 1738-9.

CIVIL HISTORY. 27
that purpose, are expressed at large. So that they humbly ap
prehend, having in the first place obtained the native right, and
afterward the General Court's grant, and complied with the
conditions thereof, that they stand firm in their claim. More
especially since they possess but little more than one third part
of their purchase, having been obliged to surrender to the Secre
tary of this Province, for the public benefit, the remaining part of
our said purchase,^ with this proviso, that the said grantees
should have, hold and enjoy the said grant of the contents of six
miles square, to them, their heirs and assigns forever. And your
respondents now want about one thousand acres of land to com
plete the said grant, besides the nine hundred acres in dispute
with the proprietors of Quabin, which affair now lies before the
Honorable Court. So that, upon the whole, when we call to
mind that the Great and General Court, in their wisdom and
goodness, have at all times encouraged industry and fidelity, we
find our fears very much alleviated on account of the challenges
made of our claims and right, one after the other ; that we per
suade ourselves that the premises in dispute, or any part thereof,
will never be taken from, those persons who have paid a dutiful
regard to the Great and General Court, in complying with the
conditions of their grant, and thereby promoted the public good,
and be given to them who have neglected their duty in this
respect ; or that we shall be obliged to pay any sura or suras of
money to a Native, upon his making any challenge without
foundation. For though the memorialist, Hendrick Kekquoquau,
was born and brought up at Brookfield, it does not necessarily
follow that the lands to the northward thereof did belong to his
ancestors, and so by right of inheritance descend to him ; nor can
we perceive that he ever made out any just claim that they or he
had to the same. And as to any encouragement that Col. Stod
dard might give the memorialist, we are wholly ignorant of it ;
but beg leave to represent that we have heard of, and some of
us have seen, a large tract of land, lying northwest of Brookfield,
at a place called Coyshill,^ which we were informed that Col.
1 Such surrender was required as a rendered "forthe public benefit " nearly
condition of the uncompleted grant, June two thirds of the territory rightfully be-
23, 1727; and though not expressly longing to them, in order to acquire
named in the valid grant of June, 1732, peaceable possession of the remainder,
it was demanded by the government, and rather than to give it to individuals as the
was actually raade, at a meeting of the price of their favorable influence.
proprietors, February 21, 1732-3. This = Coy's Hill is in the northerly part of
surrender was ratified and confirmed. Warren.
Thus, under duress, the proprietors sur-

28 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Stoddard claimed ; so that it's highly probable that the memo
rialist has made a raistake as to the spot of land which he suggests
he has a right to ; for Col. Stoddard could not mean that the
proprietors of Lambstown should pay him, the memorialist, for
the lands which the General Court had granted to our propriety.
Finally, we humbly leave the memorialist to the compassion and
goodness of your Honor and Honorable Court, to relieve him, as
to your wisdom shall seem meet, saving always our right to the
lands purchased, granted, and settled by us, as aforesaid. And
your respondents shall ever pray.
"January 29, 1750-1, being -V Ebenezer Pierpont, in the name
the 2d Tuesday of the set- (. and at the desire of the Proprietors
ting of the General Court. ) of Hardwick." *
This answer having been read, the petition was referred to a
joint committee, and its further consideration assigned to " the
first Friday of the next sitting of the General Court ; " but no
subsequent action thereon appears to have been had.
1 Mass. Arch., xxxii. 93, 94.

CHAPTER III.
CrVTL HISTORY.
Names of Proprietors. — Exeoutive Committee. — Gratuities. — Arrangement
of Lots. — Settlers to share the Expense of Surveying, and to aid in erect
ing a Meeting-House and maintaining a Minister. — Additional Grant of
Land. — First Settler. — Other Settlers admitted. — Mill Lots. — Access
of Inhabitants in 1736. — Incorporation as a District. — First Oflicers. —
Rev. Timothy Ruggles. — Incorporation as a Town. — First Town Officers.
— Act of Incorporation.
Having obtained confirmation of their title, the proprietors
procured from John Chandler, Jr., Esq., a warrant, by virtue of
which Joseph Ruggles gave notice of a legal meeting tO be held
at Roxbury on the 27th of December, 1732, " then and there to
choose a Proprietors' Clerk, and to manage, improve, grant, dis
pose, and divide the said lands, more especially to admit our
associates in due form, and to choose a committee to lay out con
venient highways to accommodate a township, and to lot out so
much of the said land to the proprietors and such as shall be
thereafter admitted settlers in such ways as may most conduce to
the promoting and settling thereof," etc.-'-
At this meeting, and the next succeeding which was held by
adjournment, effective measures were adopted for the speedy
fulfilment of the conditions imposed by the General Court. I
shall quote freely : —
" Voted and chose Joshua Lamb, Esq. Moderator of said meet
ing ; and chose Joseph Rtiggles Proprietors' Clerk.
" Voted, That Nathaniel Paige's heirs, Andrew Gardner's as-
1 To this notice is appended a certifi- Attest; John Chandler, Jr., Justice Peace."
cate, dated Dec. 13, 1732: — Very probably other persons may have
" The forewritten is a true copy of a already erected houses on this territory,
notification which Abner Lee of Worces- but no proof of their identity is known to
ter this day made oath before me, the sub- exist; and this William Thomas may
scriber, that he set up on the house of therefore be regarded as the first known
William Thomas within the tract of land English resident in what is now Hard-
aforementioned, and which was done by wick ; though an ancient tradition gives
eight o'clock in the forenoon of this day. the priority to Benjamin Smith.

30 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
signs, Benjamin Garablin's heirs, Benjarain Tucker's heirs, John
Curtis's heirs, Richard Draper's heirs, Sarauel Ruggles's heirs,
of Roxbury lately deceased, Joshua Lamb's heirs, and Joseph
HaskeU, Ebenezer Pierpont, Samuel WUlis Esq., and Col. Wil
liam Dudley Esq., are received as associates, according to said
Court's grant, each of them for a whole share.-'
"Voted, That five committee men are chosen to manage the
affair of the settleraent of the town according to the warrant, to
wit: Col. WUliara Dudley, Col. Joshua Lamb, Mr. Ebenezer
Pierpont, Capt. Joseph Ruggles, and Mr. Samuel Davis ; but
three of the five to go at a time. Three raen are chose a com
mittee to audit all our accounts against the next meeting, to wit.
Col. Dudley, Caleb Seaver, and Thomas Mayo. This meeting
is adjourned or continued unto Wednesday the twenty-first of
February next ensuing, at nine o'clock in the morning, at the
Gray Hound Tavern in Roxbury.
" February 21, 1732-3, by continuation from Dec. 27th, at
the Gray Hound, met and unanimously voted, in the fi!rst place,
that two thousand acres of land in our new settlement or town
ship hereby is given and granted to the petitioners and Com
mittee, to be by them disposed of as a gratuity to such persons as
have been serviceable to us in obtaining the grant of the same, as
they shall think fit ; all necessary highways needful for the same
to be included. Voted, that we are adjourned for the space of
one hour to the same place.
" And then met and voted that whereas in the Court's grant of
our new township at Ware River, the Rev. Mr. Timothy Ruggles
and Capt. Joseph Ruggles are two of the grantees, they have
quitted to the proprietors the grant of Court to them as petition
ers ; they shall have, and hereby have granted them five hundred
acres of land between them in said town, by allotment, over and
above one share to the heirs of Capt. Samuel Ruggles, late of
Roxbury deceased.
" Voted, That Benjamin Smith, who married one of the heirs
of John Curtis deceased, since he has carried on his part of the
charge with us, it is ordered that the said Benjamin Smith shaU
have recorded to him the ninth part of the said John Curtis's
share. " Unanimously voted, That whereas Joshua Lamb, Timothy
Ruggles, Joseph Ruggles, and Ebenezer Pierpont, have given a
general quitclaim to the Province of a Deed, signed by John
1 At this date, it appears that all the original grantees had deceased.

CIVIL HISTORY. 31
Magus, Lawrence Nassawano, and other Indian Sachems, to
Joshua Lamb and others ; now we do declare we are contented
and well satisfied, and do ratify and confirm said act, agreeable
to said quitclaim. . . .
" Unanimously voted. That the whole township shall be lotted
out as soon as may be by the committee as shall hereafter be
determined by the 'Propriety ; three convenient places, if they
may be obtained, to seat mills on, reserved for the benefit of the
proprietors, and the committee to make report of the same to the
proprietors. " Voted, That ten acres ^ of land be reserved near the centre
of said tract, to set a meeting-house on, and for a burial-place
and a training-field.
" Voted, That this meeting is adjourned to to-morrow raorning
at the same place.
" Roxbury, February 22, 1732-3. Met by continuation from
the 21^' of February, 1732-3.
" Unanimously voted. That the committee shall as soon as may
be lay out one hundred and eleven lots for the proprietors and
settlers, in one hundred acre lots, having respect to the quality of
the land, viz., four lots to each proprietor's share, sixty settlers,
and the lots for the minister, ministry, and school ; the minister's
lot to be laid out by the committee near the centre of the town,
and the rest of the lots to be drawn for, both by the proprietors
and settlers.
" Unaniraously voted. That the remaining land belonging to
the proprietors be all lotted out by the committee in such quan
tities as that each proprietor have three lots and so sorted as that
in the draft each person may have a just and equal share.
" Unanimously voted. That each settler pay into the hands of
the committee, upon his drawing his lot, the sum of five pounds
towards the defraying the charges of surveying, &c. ; and the
further sum of ten pounds each, for the building a meeting-house
and settling a minister, within the space of three years after his
being adraitted.
" Unanimously voted. That each proprietor have leave to offer
1 This " ten acres '' was near the old northwesterly corner, was given to the
burial-place and training-field, or com- " Separate Society," lOih March, 1761 ;
mon ; but that it did not include either is and " four acres and an half remaining
manifest from the fact that a different of the ten acres " was sold to Jonas Fay,
disposition of the whole tract was subse- 19th May, 1761. The ten acres was on
quently made : five acres, the easterly the hill, northwesterly from the present
half, was sold to Rev. Timothy Ruggles, common, which seems to have been suh-
in February, 1758; half an acre, the stituted for the original grant.

32 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
for admission five settlers of such persons according to the Court's
grant, and shaU give bonds to the committee for the fulfilment of
the order and conditions of Court within three years from their
admission on forfeiture of their lots to be again disposed of ; al
ways provided that those who have paid their money and are al
ready admitted be deducted out of the whole in proportion ; and
whereas the proprietors have each of them a 'draught of four lots,
which makes nine lots including the settlers, five of any of the
nine being settled by them shall be suflBcient."
On a more careful survey, the proprietors found that they had
interfered with other grants, and were curtailed in their territory.
They petitioned the General Court for relief, June 15, 1733, rep
resenting that, " so it was, that the surveyor and chainmen, who
were under oath, not knowing the bounds of a tract of land of six
thousand acres granted heretofore by this Court to Braintree and
adjoining to Rutland, and not thinking the said Braintree land
or any part was on the northwest of WareRiver, have included
within that plat four hundred acres of good land,^ fit for settle
ments ; as also have included the quantity of three hundred acres
more at the west end of the grant, being land formerly granted
by this Court to the Government of Connecticut, called Equiva
lent lands, and belonging, as your petitioners are informed, to
John Read, Esq.,^ all which will appear by the plan herewith pre
sented. Wherefore your petitioners being thus lessened in their
grant, and having three large ponds of some hundred acres in
cluded, obliges us humbly to pray your Excellency and Honors
that a strip or parcel of land belonging to this Province, between
Braintree grant, Brookfield town, and Ware River, so far as the
bend of the River is, may be added to the grant made your peti
tioners. . . . Our humble prayer is that the said land may be
added to and accounted a part of the township granted as afore
said, in full satisfaction of the land that is wanting of the con
tents of six miles square as aforesaid."
" In the House of Representatives, June 16th, 1733. Read,
and ordered that the prayer of the petition be and hereby is
granted, and the strip or parcel of land within mentioned is con
firmed to the petitioners, and their associates, and their assigns,
1 This tract of " four hundred acres " 2 The angles at the west end of the line
was at the northeasterly corner of the between Hardwick and Ware, ou the map,
town, and included the Robinson Farm, indicate the locality of these " three hun-
It was annexed to Hardwick, by act of dred acres."
the General Court, June 10, 1S14. Mass.
Sp. Laws, V. 10.

CIVIL HISTORY. 33
respectively, forever by the following bounds, viz., beginning at
the east bank of Ware River, at the northwest [northeast ? ] corner
of a tract of land laid out to James Hovey, and confirmed this
present session ; from thence running southerly, as that Une runs,
to Brookfield bounds; and from thence easterly, as Brookfield
bounds run, to the southwesterly corner ^ of Braintree six thou
sand acres ; and from thence extending northwesterly, bounding
northeasterly on said six thousand acres, till the line comes to
Ware River; and then bounding on Ware River to the first
bounds : in lieu of the four hundred acres taken off by Braintree
grant, and the three hundred acres taken off by land of John
Read, Esq., and the ponds, etc., as aforesaid, provided it inter
feres with no former grant." The Council concurred three days
afterwards, and the Governor gave his consent.
At the time of this grant. Lieutenant (afterwards captain)
Eleazar Warner resided with his family on a farm, which was
given to him and his wife by her father, Thomas Barns of Brook
field, in 1729, and included part of the Winnimisset swamp and
upland. His house stood about a mile east of Ware River, at
the corner of the old turnpike and the road leading to New
Braintree meeting-house, and was afterwards long known as the
Perez Cobb house. He was probably the first English settler
on this territory.^ At this time also very few settlers had be
come resident on the original grant. By the Proprietors' Records
it appears that on the 12th of June, 1733, seventy-four of the one
hundred and eleven proposed lots had been laid out ; " and there
is sixteen persons already settled and entered on them ; " and it
was " proposed that twenty-four persons ^ more shall at this tirae
be adraitted as settlers thereon, who, together with the pro
prietors, shall draw for the lots already laid out. . . . Then the
1 This "corner" was not far south- no settlement had been commenced in
easterly from the point where the road what is now Hardwick.
from New Braintree to West Brookfield ^ These "twenty-four" were not yet
passes the head of Ditch Meadow. The resident, as they had not drawn their lots,
tract thus described became the westerly and some of them never personally oc-
part of New Braintree when that town cupied those lots. Several were delin-
was incorporated. quent for a full year, and it was voted,
2 It is a family tradition, and it is so June 12, 1734, "that the Committee write
stated in the Massachusetts Spy, Decem- forthwith to each settler that has not yet
ber 10, 1817, that his son Warham War- been at work on their lots, to come into
ner, who was born November I, 1730, the meeting on the adjournment to give
and died December 4, 1817, "was the bond to fulfil their settlements according
first [English] child born in New Brain- to agreement; and provided they do not,
tree." At the date of this birth, probably others shall be admitted." Five such
lots were declared forfeited July 21, 1736.

84

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

proprietors and the twenty-four proposed as settlers proceeded to
draw their lots." And Deceraber 26, 1733, " The proprietors
proceeded to draw for their two hundred acre lots, and drew the
same as follows : " three lots of two hundred acres each to " Coll.
Larab, Gardner's heirs, Mr. HaskaU, Mr. Paige, Ebenezer Pier
pont, Mr. Tucker's heirs. Coll. WilUara Dudley, Mr. Draper's
heirs, Mr. GarabUn's heirs, Capt. Willis, Mr. Curtis's heirs, Capt.
Ruggles' heirs." At the sarae raeeting "the lots were drawn
amongst the proprietors and settlers, viz. : the remaining thirty-
two as foUows." The list, however, was not entered on the Pro
prietors' Records until November 3, 1743, when it was " voted,
that the list of the lots drawn by the proprietors and settlers,
laid before the proprietors by their Committee, be and hereby is
accepted, and that the Proprietors' Clerk be desired to record
thera forthwith in their Book of Records." Four one hundred
acre lots are recorded, as drawn by each of the twelve proprietors.
Then follows a record of the settlers' lots : " The following is a
list oE the persons' naraes and the lots drawn by them, with the
number of acres belonging to each lot drawn by the persons ad
mitted settlers in Lambstown, so called." I omit the numbers
of the lots, as no plan of them is known to exist.

James Akins
Mr. James Allen
John Amadown .
Thomas Bennett
Lidel Buck
Roger Carary .
Nathan Carpenter
Capt. Will" Chandler
Jonath" Church
Sam' Church .
Sam' Cook .
Ebenez"' Cuttler
Sam' Davis
Samuel Duglass
Michal Gilson
David Goldthright
Stephen GrifFen
Stephen Griffeth Griffen
John Harwood
Joseph Haskal

Acres. 100
100 100100 and addition.
120, now R" Church.
100
110 94
100, now Miricks.
100 100120
100 104100 100 100 Ezra Leonard.
100 and 50.
98, now Pikes.
102 125

CIVIL HISTORY.

35

Mr. Jos'' Haskal
John Hunt .
David Ingersole
Dudley Jordan .
Edraund Jordan
John Jordan
Coll. Joshua Lamb
Ezra Leonard
William Maccoy

Sam' Marsh
Thomas MayoNorcross
Christopher Page
Christop"' Page .
Ebenezer Pierpont
Elisha Pike
Thomas Powers
Eamsdel
Sam' Robinson
Capt. Jos'* Ruggles
Mr. Timo^ Ruggles ¦
Mr. Timo^ Euggles
Mr. Timothy Euggles Shaw
Sam' Shnmway
Benjamin Smith .
Jonath" Southwick
Moses Stockbridge
Benj° Sumner
Edw^ Sumner
William Sumner
William Thomas
John Tompson
Seth Twitchel Wells .
Andrew White
Mr. Wiir Williams
Capt. Sam' Willis
Coll. Sam' WiUis 1

^ After the lots were drawn in 1732,
some were forfeited, and others changed
owners, before the list was recorded in
1743, as indicated on the record ; and
Captain Willis was promoted to the office

Acres. 102100, now Robinsons.
100
100 100
116100 100 99, a mill lot, with 6
rodds allowed for a
highway.
104 100, purchas'd.
100
100
100 100
100, now Gillet.
100
100 103
100 112 100 100
100 100
100100
100 and 50.
100, now Edw* Sumner.
100
104, now Edw* Sumner.
104
100 90, forfeited by him.
100 , now Hunt.
100 100
100

of colonel. Mr. James Allen, Mr. Tim
othy Ruggles, and Mr. William Williams
were clergymen. Many of those who
drew lots never became settlers.

36

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

The Common
Mill Lot .
Minister Lot
Ministry Lot
School Lot

Acres. 10
200 200
200

On the East Side of Wake Rivek.

George Abbot
Barr .
Josiah BarrettBlair .
Robert Gatchell .
Nichols
Ebenezer Pierpont
Jeremiah Powers
Sam' Smith
Lt. Warner

100
100 100
100 100, now Haskal.
5050
100
100 50 and addition.

October 30, 1733. «' Voted, That the Rev. Mr. Timothy Rug
gles shall have the Mill Lot for one of his settlers' lots to the west
side of the 69'" lot." i "Voted, That Lieut. Leonard shaU have
the Mill lot adjoining to Ware River, at the southerly corner of
the town, ^provided he erects a good grist mill on the .River in
one year from the last day of June next, and that he keeps and
maintains the said mill in good repair for the space of twenty
years, so as to supply the inhabitants of the town with grinding
from time to time, and for the usual toll ; said lot to be accom
modated as the Committee shall see cause, but not to include
above one hundred and fifty acres of land."
Although never actually attacked by hostile troops, in its ex
posed situation on the frontiers the settlement of the town was
retarded by fears of invasion. Hence the proprietors voted, De
cember 27, 1733, " that if the inhabitants or settlers are mo-

1 This lot was probably on Moose
Brook at the Furnace Village, where a
grist mill was very early in operation.
" At Gilbertville. Lieutenant Leonard
failed to perform the conditions, and the
lot was granted, September 10, 1735, to
" William Jennison, Esq., and Thomas
Stearns, both of Worcester, and Stephen
Harrington of Lambstown in equal parts.
. . . And it is to be understood that the
said mill is to be set on either Ware River

or the Brook running through said lot, as
may best answer the end of the builders
and inhabitants, both." The mill and lot
subsequently became the property of John
Wells, after whose death they were sold,
24th October, 1750, to Jonathan Warner.
The water-power at this place is the most
important within the town. Instead of a
grist mill it now moves an extensive man
ufactory.

CIVIL HISTORY. 37
lested by a war with the Indian or French Enemy, it is agreed
and allowed that if they, within two years after the expiration of
the war, shall fulfil and bring forward their settlement according
to the Court's grant, they shall enjoy their rights." And six
months later, June 12, 1734, it was " represented to the proprie
tors, that Mr. Stephen Griffen ^ was desirous to build and settle
on his brother Norcross's lot, that the neighborhood might be
more complete and defensible in case of a war ; " and liberty was
granted accordingly.
A somewhat suspicious vote was adopted, December 27, 1733 :
" Voted, to Mr. Ebenezer Pierpont the quantity of three hundred
acres of land, to be disposed of by him to two particular gentle
men, viz., one hundred acres to one of said gentlemen, and two
hundred acres to the other gentleman." The mystery is partially
solved by a memorandum made on the fourth Wednesday of Sep
tember, 1734, that " whereas there was a grant of three hundred
acres of land to Mr. Ebenezer Pierpont some time ago for two
particular gentlemen : now the meaning is, that the Honorable
Judge Dudley shall have two hundred acres, and one hundred
acres to William Dudley, Esq." What service these gentlemen
had rendered or were expected to render in consideration of this
gift does not appear ; nor is any reason obvious why their names
were not mentioned in the original grant, like those of other re
cipients of land, whether by gift or purchase.
Until 1736, the settlement of the township made slow prog
ress ; but in that year there seems to have been a large accession
of inhabitants. In the House of Representatives November 29,
1736, "a petition of Benjamin Smith and sundry other inhabit
ants of lands lately granted to Joshua Lamb, Esq. and others, at
a place called Lambstown, setting forth that they have fulfilled
the conditions of a settlement, being arrived to the nuraber of
sixty inhabitants,^ and performed what was enjoined on them as
to subduing and improving the lands, and'have called and settled
a minister, praying that they may be incorporated into a town-
1 Stephen Griffith. then only twenty-three families in the
2 If this mean sixty families, — the place.
number required in the grant, — the
greater part must have become inhab- " In thirty-six I came into
itants during this year. Deacon Joseph This then a wilderness :
Allen moved into the town in the early Great hardships we did undergo,
part of the year ; and he says there were Our wants did daily press.

38 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
ship, for the reasons mentioned. Read, and ordered that the
prayer of the petition be granted." ^ The Council non-concurred ;
but two days afterwards proposed to incorporate the place as a
district, to which the House assented, and it was enacted, " That
the prayer of the petition be so far granted as that Mr. Benjamin
Smith, one of the petitioners within naraed, be and is hereby
authorized and empowered to notify and warn the inhabitants
and residents on the tract of land within mentioned, qualified by
law to vote in town affairs, to convene as soon as may be in some
public place, then and there to choose town officers, and agree
upon raethods for the support of the rainistry, and defraying
other charges ; the said ofiicers to stand until the twenty-fifth
day of March, one thousand seven hundred and thirty-eight.
Provided, nevertheless, and it is hereby declared, that nothing
herein contained shall extend or be construed to extend to the
confirmation of the original grant of the said tract of land, but
that the same remain as heretofore until this Court be fully
satisfied that the grantees have fulfilled the conditions of the
grant." ^ The meeting, thus authorized, was holden February 9,
1737 ; and its proceedings are here entered in full, as they show
to a certain extent who were then inhabitants. It was voted :
"1. That Mr. Benjamin Smith be the Moderator of said meet
ing. " 2. That said meeting be adjourned to the house of Nathan
Carpenter, on said day.
" 3. That Samuel Robinson be Town Clerk.
" 4. That Benjarain Smith, Joseph Allen, Samuel Robinson,
Stephen Griffeth, and Benjamin Ruggles be Selectmen.
" 5. That John Wells be Town Treasurer.
" 6. That WUUam Maccoye, Benjamin Ruggles, and Expe
rience Johnson be chosen Assessors.
" 7. That George Abbot and Ichabod Stratton be Constables.
" 8. That all the remaining town officers be chosen by hold
ing up of hands.
" 9. That Thomas Perry and Benjamin Andrews be tiding
men. " 10. That Josiah Barret and James Aikens be surveyors of
highways. " The families were twenty-three, Joseph Allen to the Church and Congrega-
That then did here belong : tion of Hardwick. Printed at Brookfield,
They all did hardships bear with me, 1795, pp. 51, 8vo.
But now are dead and gone." i Printed Journal of House of Repre
sentatives.
Last Advice and FareweU of Deacon 2 General Court Records.

CIVIL HISTORY. 39
" 11. That Dudley Jordan and John Hunt be fence-viewers.
"12. That Phineas Powers and Samuel Church be hog-reaves.
" 13. That this meeting be adjourned to the 23d of this in
stant February, at the Meeting-house, at ten of the clock on said
day." Up to this time, the Rev. Timothy Ruggles was more active
than any other person in carrying forward the settlement of the
town. Although he sold, in 1736, his proportion of the share
inherited from his father. Captain Samuel Ruggles, of Roxbury,
he made frequent and extensive purchases from the heirs of other
proprietors and from those who had received grants as settlers.
His activity and the extent of his possessions by grant and pur
chase are partially indicated by votes passed June 29, 1737 :
" Whereas Mr. Tiraothy Ruggles of Rochester, one of the pro
prietors, was obliged to settle five lots, called settlers' lots, in
said Lambstown, as granted to himself, each of them one hun
dred acres, and there was a vote passed, that if he did the duties
of settling on the thousand acres, so called, that it should answer
for the same, and he having performed his duty as such on said
thousand acres, as appears by the view of the proprietors' com
mittee, voted that those lots in said thousand acres which are No.
1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, according to the plan
of that part of the thousand acres, so called, which lies on the
westerly side of Ware River ^ in Lambstown, containing in the
whole eight hundred and seventy-three, signed William Chandler,
Surveyor, and as entered on the original plan, &c., be and hereby
are confirmed to the said Timothy Ruggles, and to be to him, his
heirs and assigns forever." At the same time three other lots
were confirraed to him, he having bought them of Samuel Willis,
Esq., Samuel Shumway, and Samuel Douglass, and " having
performed the like duties on the same."
During the two years between the grant of authority to elect
1 This portion of the " thousand acres " homestead, and south on the mill lot, this
was in the northeasterly part of the town, line being " the line between the mill lot
between the Moose Brook Road and the and the thousand acres." The proprie-
River. The farm marked " D. Billings " tors voted, in September, 1734, " that the
on the R. Map was the southwest corner piece of land decyphered on the plat of
of this tract, being described in the deed one hundred and twenty-eight acres, lying
from Nathaniel Ruggles, of Roxbury, to eastward of Ware River, and on Brain-
Daniel Billings, May 8, 1765, as bounded tree grant, and on Mr. Barnes's heirs, is
west on the west line of the thousand acres, allowed to make up the complement of
north on Caleb Nye (formerly Samuel one thousand acres on Ware.River," etc.
Nye), east on Captain Benjamin Ruggles's

40 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
certain officers and the full incorporation of the town, the inhab
itants transacted very little business at their public meetings,
except providing for the erection of a meeting-house and the
maintenance of a minister, which will be noticed elsewhere.
Heretofore the provision raade by the proprietors for this purpose
was inadequate ; and the inhabitants raanifested a strong desire
for incorporation, that they might thus become able to raise a
sufficient revenue by taxation of all the land, whether owned by
residents or non-residents. Accordingly it was voted, June 30,
1737, " That Mr. Christopher Paige be the man to go to the
General Court, to get the Town incorporated, or the land taxSd."
When this petition was under consideration in Deceraber, 1737,
the proprietors asked the General Court to delay the act of in
corporation for another year, and their request was granted.
At the election of officers, March 6, 1738, several new names
appear : John Amadou, Matthew Barr, Samuel Gillett, Robert
Gitchell, Roger Haskell, Stephen Herrington, Constant Merrick,
Christopher Paige,^ Eleazar Sanyer, Jonathan Warner, and
Samuel West.
August 8, 1738, voted, " That Benjamin Smith's yard be a
pound for the town this year."
October 19, 1738, voted, " That the town-meetings for. the
time be warned by posting at the meeting-house." Personal
notice seems to have been given, heretofore, by two constables,
each being directed " To warn all freeholders and other inhabit
ants in Lambstown, so called, in your district." The Great
Meadow Brook was then the division between the two districts.
At a later period, the county road, which afterwards became a
turnpike, was established as the line between the north and south
districts. November 2, 1738, voted : » 1. That Lieut. Eleazar Warner
be the Moderator of this meeting. 2. That the town will send
to the General Court, to pray for a tax of two pence per acre
upon aU the land lying within the Umits of Lambstown. 3. That
Deacon Christopher Paige be the man to go to the General
Court, to pray for the laying of the aforesaid tax." 2
This petition was presented in December, and an order of
1 Deacon Christopher Paige was Mod- by " Ebenezer Ayers, Eleazar Warner,
eratorof the meeting April 4, 1737, and and sundry others, proprietors and in-
had then been here about two or three habitants of the southeasterly part of
y^^^^- Lambstown, so called, on the southerly
2 In anticipation of this movement, a or southeasterly side of Ware River,
petition was presented, December 2, 1738, showing that though they live on farm'

CIVIL HISTORY. 41
notice was issued to the proprietors. December 15, 1738, in the
House of Representatives, " The petition of Christopher Paige
in behalf of Lambstown, so called, praying as entered the 9"*
current, read again, together with the answer of Joshua Lamb,
Esq., and others, a committee of the proprietors and non-residents
of Lambstown, and the matter being maturely considered, in
answer to this petition, voted. That the Assessors of the plan
tation of Lambstown, so called, are hereby allowed and em
powered to levy an assessment or tax of three half pence per acre
per annum, for the space of five ^ years next coining, on all the
lands therein and belonging either to resident or non-resident
proprietors ; the money arising hereby to be annually applied
and paid, viz. one half thereof to the Reverend Minister there
for his better encouragement and more comfortable support, the
residue for building and finishing a handsome meeting-house for
the better accommodating the inhabitants in attending the public
worship of God. And the constables or collectors of said plan
tation for the time being during the said term are also hereby
directed and required duly and seasonably to collect and pay in
the sum of the said tax annually, for the uses and purposes afore
said. And the petitioner is hereby further allowed and empow
ered to prepare and bring in a Bill for erecting the said planta
tion into a township, that so the inhabitants thereof may be
vested with, hold, and enjoy, equal powers, privileges, and
immunities, with the inhabitants of the other towns of the
Province." The Bill or Act of Incorporation was duly enacted,
and approved January 10, 1739.^ It is inserted in fuU at the
end of this chapter. On the following day it was "ordered.
That Mr. Christopher Paige, a principal inhabitant of a new
land which they hold by purchase, and 2 ^t this time the township received
lately by this Court annexed to the said the name of Hardwicke, and it was thus
plantation of Lambstown, and are ac- written for many years. The final letter
counted to help make up the number of has since been omitted, andin conformity
Lambstown settlers, yet they never re- to the almost universal custom, I have
ceived any of the propriety lands, that written Hardwick, in this sketch. Hard-
their habitations are so situated as ren- wicke, however, is undoubtedly the orig-
ders it much more convenient for them to inal name. This name was probably
be annexed to Braintree new grant than given in compliment to Lord Hardwicke,
to remain as they are ; praying the order an English nobleman. But if the whole
of the Court to annex them to Braintree vocabulary had been searched for the
new grant, for the reasons mentioned." purpose, it would have been difficult to
This petition failed ; but it was renewed find a name more accurately descriptive
several years later, and was then success- of the character of this township; for it
f^l imports a place favorable for husbandry
1 Amended by substituting three years and the raising of cattle. See Rees's En-
for five years. cyclopedia.

42 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Town, lately erected at a plantation caUed Lambstown, in the
county of Worcester, by the name of Hardwicke, be and hereby
is fully authorized and empowered to assemble the free-holders
and other qualified voters there, on the first Monday in March
next, at some convenient public place in said town, in order to
their choosing a Town Clerk and other town officers for the year
then next ensuing." A meeting was accordingly holden March
5, 1738-9, at which town officers were elected, to wit: Chris
topher Paige, Moderator ; Cornelius Cannon, Town Clerk ; Elea
zar Warner, John Wells, Benjamin Smith, WiUiara Thoraas,
and Constant Merrick, Selectmen ; John WeUs, Treasurer ;
Samuel Robinson and Matthew Barr, Constables; Samuel Gillet
and Josiah Barrett, Tythingmen ; Ichabod Stratton, John Ama
dou, Roger Haskell, and Nathan Carpenter, Surveyors of High
ways ; Phineas Powers and Jeremiah Powers, Fence-viewers ;
Richard Church and Amos Thomas, Hog-reeves.
Act op Incorporation.
^^ Anno Regni Regis G-eorgii Id, ^o. 12 mo.
" An Act for erecting a plantation in the County of Worcester,
called Lambstown, into a township by the narae of
" Whereas the plantation of Larabstown, so called, in the
County of Worcester is competently filled with inhabitants, who
labour under divers inconveniences and difficulties for want of a
power of enjoying and exercising town's privileges among them,
and have addressed this Court setting forth the sarae, and pray
ing for relief therein.
" Be it enacted by his Excellency the Governor, Council, and
Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the author
ity of the same, that the said plantation of Lambstown inclusive
of the additional grant, lying and being on both sides Weare
River as the same is hereafter bounded and described, be and
hereby is constituted and erected into a separate and distinct
township, by the name of
" The bounds of said township being as follows ; viz. Begin
ning at the East bank of Ware River at the northwest corner of
a tract of land laid out to James Hovey ; from thence extending
southerly as that line runs to Brookfield bounds ; and from thence
easterly as Brookfield bounds run, to the southwesterly corner of
Brantree six thousand acres ; and from thence extending north-
1 The name "Hardwicke" was inserted by the Governor, agreeably to the usual
custom under the Provincial Charter.

CIVIL HISTORY. 43
westerly bounding northeasterly on said six thousand acres till
the line comes to Ware River, and so over the River the same
course till it comes to the corner of Brantree grant, and there
strikes on Rutland Line. Then running N. 39° W. 1760 perch ;
then S. 40° W. 1800 perch ; then S. 1° 30' W. 1030 perch ; then
E. 2° 30' N. 1005 perch to Ware River.
" And that the Inhabitants thereof be and hereby are vested
and endowed with equal powers, privileges, and immunities
which any of the Inhabitants of any of the other towns of this
Province are or by law ought to be vested with.
" Provided nevertheless, that the Inhabitants of said Town do
within three years from the publication of this Act erect and
finish a suitable and convenient Meeting house for the public
Worship of God among thera, they having already an orthodox
minister settled among them."
The foregoing is a copy of the original Bill, or act of Incor
poration, on file in the office of the Secretary of State.

CHAPTER IV.
CIVIL HISTORY.
Early Arrangement concerning Meeting-house, Minister, Schools, High
ways, and Pound. — Cattle. — Deer. — Destructive Birds and Beasts.
— Squirrels. — Beaver-dam. — Land Bank Bills. — Province Tax. — Cart
way across Great Meadow Brook. — Pauper. — Inhabitants on the East
Side of Ware River desire to be set off. — Excise Bill — Proprietors' Meet
ings established at Hardwick. — Proprietors' Records. — Advent of Brig
adier Ruggles. — Highways. — Lottery. — Fair.
For several years after the incorporation of the town, the
records disclose no event of a remarkable character. Prepara
tions for the erection of a new meeting-house and for the com
fortable support of a minister were continued. A beginning was
also made for a permanent establishment of schools. Highways
were laid out, and made passable for man and beast, but scarcely
for even carts : — pleasure-carriages were unknown here until
long afterwards. Measures were adopted for the destruction of
beasts of prey, and mischievous birds, for the protection of do
mestic animals, and for their restraint from doing damage. At
tention was principaUy given to the construction of humble
dwelling-houses and the conversion of the forest into fruitful
fields. Those who now enjoy the fruits of their labor can
scarcely conceive the toil, and hardship, and self-denial of the
pioneers in accomplishing this work. A few extracts from the
records may afford a glirapse of their primitive condition.
April 3, 1739, at the first meeting after the organization by
choice of officers, it was voted, " That the town will build a
pound, thirty feet square, and that it shall be set near the meet
ing-house, and that Samuel Robinson be the man to build said
pound according to law." Voted, " That hogs shall run at large
the year ensuing, being yoked 'and ringed." Voted, " That the
former Records shall stand good." ^
1 A record of public transactions was the full incorporation of the town ; and
commenced February 7, 1737, and con- these "former records" were now duly
tinued regularly for the two years before authenticated.

CIVIL HISTORY. ' 45
April 23, 1739. Voted, " That droves of cattle shall not be
brought into town, under the penalty of ten shillings per head,
for the men to pay that taketh them in, or yardeth them, or salteth
them, or is anywise instrumental in such affair." [This order
was modified, a year afterwards, April 14, 1740, when it was
voted, " That any person or persons belonging to this town, that
shall keep, or salt, or yard, any cattle in this town belonging to
any other town, except milch cows or working oxen, from the
first day of May next, until the last' day of July, shall pay the
sum of fifteen shillings per head, one half to the use of the town,
and the other half to any person that shall complain and sue for
the same." ^] Also voted, that fifty pounds be expended on the
highways ; " to be in work, at six shillings per day till the 10th
day of September, and five shillings per day till the 1st of Decem
ber ; four shillings a day for a yoke of oxen, and two shillings a
day for a cart."
December 10, 1739. " Samuel Robinson and Benjamin Rug
gles were appointed to take care that the law be duly executed
in respect to kiUing of deer to the first Monday of March." ^
May 22, 1740. Voted, " To give three pence per head for old
blackbirds, jays, and woodpeckers, and one penny per head for
young ones ; . . . that the Town Treasurer be ordered to receive
the birds' heads as they shall be brought to him as abovesaid,
and burn them or cut off their bills, and pay out of the Town's
money to such persons as shall bring them in, according to the
foregoing vote."
1 This order was not quite so stringent late marvellous stories of the size and
as that which was adopted in Leicester, abundance of wild turkeys at an earlier
at about the same time, not only impos- period. Whether the race of beavers had
ing the fine of ten shillings per head for become extinct before the settlement of
entertaining cattle belonging elsewhere, the town, I know not ; but on my father's
but providing that " all rams, running at homestead, distinct traces of a heaver-
large, should be free plunder, and any dam were visible not many years ago,
one who should take such might have below a meadow on Great Meadow Brook,
them for his own." Worcester Maga- nearly opposite to the house of Mr. For-
zine, ii. 99. ester B. Aiken. Perhaps bears, and cer-
2 The limitation of time, probably, had tainly wolves, endangered the public
reference to the next annual town-meet- safety. In December, 1738, the General
ing. Not only were deer found iu the Court granted " the petition of Stephen
forest, but the smaller wild game, such as Herrington, of Lambstown, praying to
squirrels, rabbits, foxes, etc., and various be allowed the premium for killing two
kinds of birds, were so abundant as to be wolves, which he took in his trap, but by
troublesome, and rival parties were fre- reason of the wolves carrying the trap
quently organized for their destruction, away, so that he could not find it in a
In the days of my boyhood, the chatter- fortnight, the wolves' ears were eaten off,
ing of gray squirrels was a familiar so that eh could not obtain a legal certifi-
sound ; and I have heard my seniors re- cate."

46 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
May 18, 1741. " Voted, That Land Bank Bills shall pay all
town debts in this town.i jt .^^g-s put to vote to see if the town
will free the Governor's sons' land from land tax, and it passed
in the negative."
May 19, 1746. On the question whether " the town will allow
Mr. Benjamin Sraith any thing for his service iu going to Boston
to get town privileges," &c.,^ it was "voted, that the town will
acquit Benjamin Smith of the rates that was committed to James
Robinson and Sarauel Church, to gather, provided Benjamin
Sraith will acquit the town of all demands from the beginning of
the world to this day." ..." Voted, That Mr. Jonathan War
ner, our Treasurer, shall have ten pounds, old tenor, to employ a
Deputy to use his best interest to prevent a Province tax from
coining this year, provided he find a man that will effect the
matter, or have nothing for his trouble."^
March 9, 1747. " Voted, that the town will free Joseph Rug
gles frora mending highways, so long as he will maintain a good
cart-way over Great Meadow Brook in the highway against his
house." *
October 5, 1747. " Voted, that Monday, Wednesday, and Fri
day, are sufficient for grinding at the mill Capt. Hararaond now
tends for one year." ^
March 7, 1748. On the question, whether " the to-wn will raise
money to maintain Hannah Maccoye, sent to this town for that
intent," it was "voted to raise fifty pounds, old tenor, to main
tain Hannah Maccoye." ^
1 "Land Bank Bills" were issued by a " O. Trow," on the R. Map. At an early
private banking company, and secured by day a grist-mill was erected here, and the
mortgage of real estate; they were sup- dam was used as a road-way or bridge.
pressed by the government after a sharp It was voted. May 1, 1773, " to widen the
controversy. bridge by Lieut. Joseph Ruggles' mill, as
2 This "service" was rendered in 1736. wide again as it now is, and to raise it
In September, 1739, the town had voted some higher." Not many years ago, the
to pay fifteen pounds to Deacon Christo- grade of the road was again changed.
pher Paige for similar service in 1738. ^ xhis mill was at Gilbertville. Its
3 This vote indicates the rather exces- former owner, John Wells, had deceased,
sive prudence which is elsewhere some- and his widow had married Captain
times discoverable in the votes of the Nathaniel Hammond, who took charge
town. In this case a " deputy " was of the mill.
found ; his effort was successful, and one = This is the first record which I find
pound was granted, February 23, 1747, concerning pauperism in the town; but a
" to Deac. Samuel Robinson, for prevent- petition presented to the General Court
ing a^ Province tax being laid on our in 1754 indicates that this was not a soli-
'°™"-" tary case. Hannah Maccoye remained
* The house stood at the place marked chargeable until 1765.

CIVIL HISTORY. 47
March 6, 1749. Voted to oppose the " Petition ^ of the inhab
itants of this town, living on the easterly side of Ware River, in
which they pray to be set off to New Braintree and part of Brook
field, in order to be made a distinct township." August 11, 1749.
" Chose Lieut. Constant JMirick to go to the General Court, to
offer the reasons why the town is not willing the inhabitants liv
ing on the east side of Ware River should be set off with others
as a town, or district, and there to do what he shall find neces
sary on that affair. William Andrewson appeared and entered
his dissent against the proceedings of the meeting." October 8,
1749. " Voted, that the town be willing the inhabitants on the
easterly side of Ware River be set off as a town or district."
September 30, 1754. " The question was put, whether the
town be of the mind to have the Bill, published relating to an
Excise by order of the Hon"'^ House of Representatives of the
18"" of June, passed into a law ; and it passed in the affirmative." ^
The meetings of the proprietors were held in Roxbury until
1754, in which year their second Clerk, Ebenezer Pierpont, Esq.,
deceased. By this time the number of resident proprietors had
greatly increased, by purchase from the original associates and
their heirs, and Hardwick became a more convenient place for
the transaction of business. Accordingly, by virtue of " a war
rant issued by the honorable Jacob Wendell, Esq., one of his
Majesty's Justices of the Peace through the Province," a raeet
ing was held at the house of Mr. Joseph Ruggles, April 2, 1755,
when Deacon Christopher Paige was elected Moderator, and
Captain Paul Mandell, Proprietors' Clerk. Their subsequent
meetings were in this town until May 19, 1761, when they had
1 Among the petitioners were Eleazar ber, and there stated his objection to the
Warner, Jonathan Cobleigh, Edward measure, that it would be inconsistent
Ruggles, Beriah Hawes, Jonathan Hig- with the natural rights of every private
gins, James Robinson, Roger Haskell, family to be subjected to keep and render
Ebenezer Spooner, and Phineas Warner, an account of the quantity of excise liq-
This petition was unsuccessful; but in- uors which they consumed in their private
corporation was granted about two years houses. The House immediately ordered
later, January 31, 1751. the objectionable part of the Bill to be
2 "The taxes at this time had become printed, and sent to every town for con-
heavy, and the House were desirous of sideiation. . . . The towns voted, some,
relieving, so far as they could, the polls that it was contrary to their liberties,
and estates from this burden ; and, to do aod some, that it was not. The measure,
this, contrived a plan for laying an excise however, was dropped for a short time,
upon wines and spirituous liquors con- but passed, with some amendments, in
sumed by the people. The Council re- December, 1754." Washburn's Hist, of
fused to approve of it. Governor Shirley Leicester, pp. 65, 66.
sent for the House into the Council Cham-

48 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
apparently closed their business. Their transactions, during
these years, were almost entirely limited to the sale, of their
hitherto ungranted lands, the settlement of a controvercy with
Greenwich in regard to boundaries, and a general adjustment of
their financial affairs.^
Until 1754 the town sent no representative to the General
Court ; but in that year Timothy Ruggles, Esq., was elected, and
became at once a conspicuous member of the House. At that
period representatives were paid by their several towns ; and such
towns as were not represented were subjected to fines. One of
the first services demanded by this town of their representative,
was to obtain a remission of a fine imposed for their former dere
liction of duty. Septeraber 30, 1754. " Chose Timothy Ruggles,
Esq., to petition the Great and General Court or Assembly of
this Province, to get the Fine laid on our Town for not sending
a Representative for the year 1752 remitted." He presented the
petition, and urged these reasons : —
" That the Inhabitants of said Town less than twenty years
before that time first began the settlement thereof, and in gen
eral went on said lands in poor and low circumstances, and hy
means of the exceeding roughness of said lands they are to this
day obliged to expend yearly large sums in making and repairing
their highways, and even this year are at the expense of a hun
dred pounds Lawful raoney for that purpose, and must be at the
expense of some thousands of pounds upon their roads, before
they will be brought to be as good as most of the roads in the
Province are by nature, beside several large Bridges they are
obliged to build and maintain ; as also their crops of Indian corn
having been for several years cut short to that degree that they
have been obUged to buy and bring from the Towns upon Con
necticut River near half the Corn necessary for their subsistence ;
as also at that time there were not much above eighty families in
said Town, raany of which were extremely poor ; and before and
ever since the Inhabitants of said Town are obUged to be at a
1 It was voted by the town, May 19, I made a full copy of all the records which
1773, "that the Proprietors' Records be remained iu it, and returned the original
lodged with the Town Clerk; but the to its former possessor. Since that time
Proprietors to have liberty to use them at the volume has disappeared, and the most
their pleasure." Whether this vote was persistent search for it has hitherto been
carried into effect, I know not. More unsuccessful. If it still exists, its present
than forty years ago I found the volume, custodian should forthwith place it in the
much mutilated, in possession of the de- office of the Town Clerk, agreeably to the
scendants of the last Proprietors' Clerk; vote passed in 1773.

CIVIL HISTORY. 49
great expense for the support of several poor and indigent per
sons ; for which reasons your memorialist in behalf of said Town,
most humbly prays for the remission of the aforesaid fine, &c.
Timothy Ruggles."
Some of these reasons, I suspect were somewhat highly colored,
especially in regard to the number of paupers, and the general
poverty of the inhabitants ; but they were effectual, and the fine
was remitted December 17, 1754.^
During his residence here, from 1754 to 1774, Timothy Rug
gles, Esq. (or, as he was generally styled, Brigadier Ruggles),
was active in promoting the welfare of the town by introducing
improved breeds of horses and neat cattle, and better raethods
for the cultivation of the soil. He also endeavored to promote
its political iraportance by raaking it the shire town of a new
county. Under his advice, doubtless, at a meeting held, May 16,
1763, " The town made choice of Timothy Ruggles, Esq., an
agent to petition the Great and General Court, that the westerly
part of the County of Worcester, and the easterly part of the
County of Hampshire, be forraed into a distinct County." This
project failed. But in the previous year, through his influence,
Hardwick was distinguished above other towns in the Province,
by the establishment of a Fair,^ after the English pattern. This
Fair was considered so important, and of so great public interest,
1 The construction of roads in Hard- Wednesday and Thursday of October
wick was very difficult and expensive, and annually.
their maintenance has always been bur- " And be it further enacted, that the
densome. A quarter of a century after said Town of Hardwicke be and hereby
this date, a resort to a very popular are enabled, at a meeting called for that
method of relief was contemplated, but purpose, to choose proper officers to regu-
abandoned. At a town-meeting, January late said Fair, until the annual meeting in
25, 1779, "to see if the town shall think March next, and to be chosen thereafter
proper to apply to the General Court for annually, in the month of March, during
liberty to make a lottery, to raise a sum the continuance of this act.
of money for the purpose of repairing the " And be it further enacted, that no
public roads in said town," it was " voted bargain and sale, made at any of the said
that the article in the warrant, with re- Fairs, shall be deemed valid and effectual
spect to a lottery, should subside." in the law, unless the same be made be-
2 " An Act for setting up a -Fair in the » tween sun-rising and sun-setting.
Town of Hardwicke, in the County of " This act to continue and be in force
Worcester. for the space of seven years from the first
" Be it enacted by the Governour, Coun- day of July next, and no longer."
cil, and House of Representatives, that This act was passed June 12, 1762. It
henceforth, there may be kept a Fair in seems to have been renewed after the ex-
said Hardwicke on the third Wednesday piration of seven years ; the Fairs con-
and Thursday of May, and on the third tinued until 1775, when they ceased by
special vote, not by limitation of time.

50 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
that its occurrence was duly predicted by the almanacs of the day,
and " Hardwick Fair " had as conspicuous a notice as " General
Election," or" Coraraencement at Cambridge." It attracted pub
lic attention and multitudes flocked to it from all the region round
about.i It was holden twice a year, in May and October, when
cattle and various articles of manufacture and merchandise were
exhibited, bought, and sold. Wrestling, and other trials of
strength and skill, were practised ; and sometimes, it is said, pu
gilistic encounters were witnessed. It was uniformly under the
direction of a superintendent, clerk, and from two to four con
stables, elected at the annual town meeting.^ Drummers also
were sometimes appointed. James Aiken was superintendent
until 1771 ; after which, Thomas Robinson was elected until the
Fair was discontinued, by vote of the town, in 1775. Its discon
tinuance was probably one of the effects of the intense political
excitement which then prevailed. After the restoration of peace
and quietness, the town twice petitioned, in 1785 and 1791, tp
have the Fair reestablished, but the effort was unsuccessful.
1 In anticipation of the great influx of Cooper, Daniel Wheeler, Jacob Fisk, Jo-
strangers, ten persons obtained special li- seph Ruggles, and Joseph Warner. Al-
cense as innholders during the continu- though their expectations seem not to
ance of the Fair. The Records of the have been fully realized, half that number
Court of Sessions, under date of Septem- afterwards renewed their license.
ber 23, 1762, contain this item: "The ^ ^j ^ town-meeting, September 2,
Court license the following persons to be 1762, officers for the Fair were elected, to
innholders in the town of Hardwick during wit: James Aikens, Superintendent;
the times by law appointed for keeping Paul Mandell, Clerk; Thomas Robinson
the Fair in said town, viz., on the third and Deacon John Cooper, Constables;
Wednesday and Thursday in October (Deacon Cooper was excused and Jona-
next, and the third Wednesday and than Farr was elected in his place). "Ap-
Thursday in May next, who recognized," pointed Capt. Paul Mandell to insert in
etc. The persons named were Thomas the PubUc Prints when the Fair is to be
Robinson, Challis Safford, Jonas Fay, holden in this town."
Ehsha Billings, Joel Carpenter, John

CHAPTER V.
CIVIL HISTORY.
Emigration to Bennington, Vt., with Personal Notices. — Emigration to Bar
nard, Vt., with Personal Notices. — Perils encountered by the Pioneer Emi
grants. Besides the ordinary removal of inhabitants to which all towns
are subject, there have been two organized emigrations from
Hardwick, each forming the nucleus of a new town in Vermont.
The first occurred in 1761 ; it was less in nurabers than the other,
but even more important in its results.
" ' The first settlement of Vermont, and the early struggles of
its inhabitants not only in subduing a wilderness, but establish
ing an independent government,' says Sparks, in his ' American
Biography,' * afford some of the most remarkable incidents in
American history.' If this is true of the State in general, it is es
pecially true of Bennington, the cradle of its infancy ; and no less
true of Bennington's religious than of its secular life ; for as it
was the first town chartered, so its First Church was the first also
in the territory afterwards Vermont. . . . On January 3, 1749,
parties, many of them from Portsmouth, N. H., obtained a grant
from the New Hampshire Governor, Benning Wentworth, Esq.,
in the name of King George IL, of a township, six miles square,
situated six miles north of the Massachusetts line and twenty
miles east of the Hudson. According to the provisions of this
charter these purchasers first divided off acre homesteads in the
centre, to the number of sixty-four, for a vUlage plat, and then
divided the remainder into sixty-four equal parts, and cast lots
for the same. Each original purchaser is believed to have sold
his share without, perhaps, even seeing it, except upon paper, cer
tainly to have never settled upon it, or improved it. . . . The
township remained an unbroken wilderness for thirteen years,
though men thus cast lots for it, and appropriated it to be sorae
time a town under the name of Bennington, in honor of the
Christian name of the New Harapshire Governor. Capt. Samuel
Robinson, returning to his home in Massachusetts from one of the

52 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
campaigns of the Continental army in the French War, mistaking
his route, passed by accident this way ; and, impressed by the at
tractiveness of the country, resolved to obtain others to join him
and come up and settle here. His resolution was carried into
effect. Others agreed to accompany him. They searched out
the owners of the land ; they purchased the rights of the orig
inal grantees, or of those to whom they had sold, and removed
•hither. . . . The first immigration had reached here June 18,
1761. It consisted of the families of Peter Harwood, Eleazar
Harwood, Samuel Pratt and Timothy Pratt, from Amherst, Mass.,
Leonard Robinson and Samuel Robinson, Jr., 'from Hardwick,
Mass. The party, including women and children, numbered
twenty-two. During that summer and fall other farailies, to the
nuraber of twenty or thirty, carae into town, among whom were
those of Sarauel Robinson, Sen., and John Fassett from Hard
wick, Mass." ^
It should be observed that the Har woods and Pratts, here
mentioned, were Hardwick families, who had resided a very short
time in Amherst, and doubtless joined the eraigrants under the
influence of Captain Robinson. In addition to these, George
Abbott and his son Timothy Abbott, John Pratt and his son Si
las Pratt, John Roberts, and others, probably removed to Ben
nington at about the same time. The before mentioned persons,
with Stephen Fay and his sons, who removed about five years
later, were not only among the earliest inhabitants of the new
town, but also among the most active and controlling spirits both
in the town and in the State of which it became a portion ; and
their children were not degenerate scions of the parent stock.
Some notice of them may be found in the Genealogical Register,
at the end of this volume ; but a brief and rapid sketch here also
may be pardoned.
Samuel Robinson was apparently born to command. While he
resided in Hardwick, for nearly thirty years, he was conspicuous
for his activity in civil, military, and ecclesiastical affairs ; he al
most constantly held some important town office; commanded a
company in the French War during five campaigns, from 1755 to
1759 inclusive ; assisted in organizing the First Church, and was
afterwards one of its deacons ; and stiU later held the same office
in the Separate Church, which also he assisted to organize. In
Bennington, he " was the acknowledged leader in the band of pi
oneers ; " 2 the first justice of the peace in what is now the State
1 Memorials of a Century, by Reverend " Ibid., p. 204.
Isaac Jennings, pp. 19-22.

CIVIL HISTORY. 53
of Vermont ; an active participant in the bitter controversy be
tween New Hampshire and New York in regard to jurisdiction ;
the agent of the settlers to represent them at New York and aft
erwards at London, where he died of small-pox, October 27, 1767,
having partially accomplished the object of his mission. Of his
children, Leonard fought bravely and effectively in the battle of
Bennington, being a member of his brother Samuel's company ;
Samuel commanded a company in that battle, was afterwards
colonel of militia, representative in the General Assembly, jus
tice of the peace, and one of the judges of the Special Court
which convicted Redding. He was one of the few persons who
managed a correspondence with the British General Haldimand
during the Revolutionary War, securing Vermont from invasion ; ^
Moses was a deacon of the church, town clerk, colonel of the mil-'
itia, a member of the famous Council of Safety, chief justice of.
the Supreme Court, governor of Vermont, and senator in Con
gress;" Silas was active and suffered nearly a year's imprison
ment during the New York controversy, and bore arms in his
brother Samuel's company at the Bennington battle ; David
fought in the same battle and in the same company, -was after
wards major-general of militia, sheriff of the county twenty-two
years, and United States marshal eight years ; Jonathan, the
youngest son of Sarauel, Sen., was a lawyer, judge of the Su
preme Court and of the Court of Probate, representative in the
General Assembly, and senator in Congress. Such a family is
not often found.
John Fassett was a deacon of the church, and captain of the
first military company organized in Bennington ; he was a rep
resentative in the first General Assembly of Vermont, and judge
of probate. Of his children, John was captain of militia, rep
resentative in the General Assembly six years, a meraber of the
Council fifteen years, judge of the Supreme Court, and chief
justice of the County Court ; Jonathan was representative two
years; Amos was an assistant judge of the County Court; Ben
jamin was a commissary in the Revolutionary War, and aft
erwards colonel of militia. It is worthy of remark, that the
father and his sons John and Jonathan held seats at the same
time in the first General Assembly, in 1778.
Stephen Fay was a captain of railitia, and landlord of the
famous " Catamount Tavern " in Bennington. He was active
I See Early Hist, of Vermont, p. 403. Governor of Vermont in 1853, was a
2 John Staniford Robinson, who was grandson of Governor Moses Robinson.

54 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
in the controversy with New York, and in 1772 was sent with
his son. Dr. Jonas Fay, as special agents to make known to
Governor Tryon "the grounds of their opposition to govern
ment." 1 When open hostilities with Great Britain commenced,
he was active in a civil capacity, and his house was the head
quarters of the Coraraittee of Safety. He was then too old to
perforra railitary service ; but he was represented by four or five
of his sons : John, the eldest son, was killed in the Bennington
battle, August 16, 1777 ; Jonas was surgeon in the army,
raember and secretary of many conventions, notably of that
which met at Westminster in January, 1777, and adopted the
Declaration of Independence, of which he was the author, raem
ber and vice-president of the Council of Safety, meraber of the
State Council, judge of probate five years, judge of the Supreme
Court in 1782, and delegate to the Congress of the United
States, in 1777, 1779, 1781, 1782, and 1783. His public services
are raentioned more fully in the Genealogical Register ; Ben
jamin " was the first sheriff in the county and State ; " ^ Joseph
was secretai-y of the Council of Safety and of the State Council,
and secretary of state. He was also one of the managers of the
(_ negotiation with General Haldimand ; David was a lawyer,
state attorney. United States attorney, judge of probate, and
judge of the Suprerae Court of Vermont.
The coraparative influence of the Hardwick element in the
affairs of Bennington and of Vermont is indicated by the ac
tivity of its representatives in the pioneer work of the town and
church, and in the long and bitter territorial controversy with
New York ; moreover, when the civil governraent of the State
was organized, John Fassett was the first representative of Ben
nington in the General Asserably (two of his sons representing
other towns at the same session) ; Jonas Fay was a member of
the first Council ; Joseph Fay was the first secretary of state;
and Moses Robinson was the second governor, and also was the
first senator in Congress after the State was admitted into the
Union, — all Hardwick men. In 1781, while Vermont was
/ refused admission into the Union, and was contending single-
;' handed with New York and New Harapshire for jurisdiction
I over its own territory, to avoid invasion by the common enemy,
j a plan was adopted by a few leading individuals to deceive the
I British officers " by feigning or endeavoring to make them believe
1 Vermont Hist. Mag., i. 171. =¦ Jennings' Memorials of a Century, p.
258.

CIVIL HISTORY. 55
that the State of Vermont had a desire to negotiate a treaty of
peace, with Great Britain;" the proceedings were necessarily
concealed from the public ; the managers, however, signed a
" certificate for the protection of Colonel Ira Allen," their agent
in the negotiation : " We are of the opinion that the critical
circumstances this State is in, being out of the union with the
United States and thereby unable to make that vigorous defence
we could wish for, — think it to be a necessary political man
oeuvre to save the frontiers of this State. Jonas Fay, Samuel
Safford, Samuel Robinson, Joseph Fay, Thomas Chittenden,
Moses Robinson, Timothy Brownson, John Fassett." ^ Of these
diplomatic leaders, all except Safford, Chittenden, and Brown
son, were Hardwick men. One more case may be cited : " A
special term of the Superior Court was held at Westminster,
Sept. 11, 1782, for the trial of the prisoners. The court con
sisted of Moses Robinson, chief judge; and Dr. Jonas Fay,
John Fassett, and Paul Spooner, side judges,"^ — all Hardwick
men. A second emigration commenced in the spring of 1775, under
the leadership of Asa Whitcomb, which laid the foundation of
Barnard, Vermont. That town " was chartered July 17, 1761,
to William Story, Francis Barnard, and their associates. James
Call chopped the first timber here, in 1774, but left in the fall.
The settlement was coramenced in March 1775, by Thomas
Freeman, his son William, and John Newton. The same season,
Lot Whitcomb, Nathaniel Paige, William Cheedle, and Asa
Whitcomb, moved their families into town. Thomas Freeman,
Jr., came into town June 7, 1775." ^ All these were from Hard
wick, with the possible exception of William Cheedle, They
were very soon followed by many others. Asa Whitcomb had
been appointed by the proprietors of the township as their agent
to make sale of the land and bring forward the settlement. He
first secured an energetic man, Thomas Freeman, as a leading
pioneer, who removed in 1775 with at least four stalwart sons,
(though yet in their minority), William, Thomas, Joshua, and
Elisha, and his son-in-law, John Newton. He then induced
many of his own relatives, both by blood and marriage, to em-
1 Coll. Vermont Hist. Soe, ii. 135. " prisoners " were political adherents of
2 HaU's History of Vermont, p. 396. New York, who resisted the authority of
Paul Spooner was probably born in Vermont.
Hardwick, but was young when his ^ Thompson's Hist, of Vermont, art.
father removed to Petersham. The "Barnard."

56 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
bark in the enterprise of building a new town in the wilderness ;
among whom were his brother. Lot Whitcomb ; his cousin,
Joshua Whitcomb ; his brother-in-law, Soloraon Aiken, with his
sons James, Nathaniel, Solomon, and Elijah ; Steward South-
gate, whose wife was sister to the wife of Whitcomb ; his neph
ews Nathaniel, Asa, and George Paige, and his nephews Seth,
Robert, and Nathaniel Dean. Besides these were Timothy and
Gideon, brothers of John Newton, and Thomas Martin Wright,
who married their sister; Joseph Byam ; Captain Benjamin
Cox, with his sons George, Benjamin, and Ebenezer ; Prince
Haskell, and his brother Nathaniel ; Captain Edmund Hodges ;
Elkanah Steward and his son Samuel ; and Thomas W. White.
A few of these persons were then minors, but all were in Barnard
very soon after the emigration comraenced, and all remained and
reared families. Within ten years after the town was organized,
it received further accessions from Hardwick : James Byram ;
Shiverick Crowell, and his brother Nathaniel (their sister
Salvina had married Nathaniel Paige); Aaron Fay, and his
brothers Moses and Eliakira ; Jacob Lawton ; Sylvanus Wash
burn ; and perhaps others. How inuch the population was in
creased by arrivals frora other towns I know not ; but the Hard
wick raen had alraost all the important offices at the organization
of the town. The first town meeting was held at the house of
WiUiam Cheedle, April 9, 1778, by virtue of a warrant issued
on the 4th of the sarae month, by " Thomas Freeman and Lot
Whitcomb, Committee of Safety." The officers then elected
were Thoraas Freeman, Moderator ; Thomas W. White, Town
Clerk ; Thoraas Freeraan, Asa Whitcomb, Solomon Aiken, Se
lectmen ; Captain Edmund Hodges, Thomas W. White, Captain
Benjamin Cox, Assessors ; Thomas Freeman, Treasurer ; Wil
Uam Cheedle, Grand Juror; Joseph Byam, Joseph Bowman,
Constables; Henry Curtis, John Newton, Surveyors of High
ways ; Ebenezer Caul, Tythingman ; and " at a meeting of this
Town, July 7, 1778, chose Asa Whitcomb, Justice Peace."
Although this emigration was not, like that to Bennington, a
distinctively rehgious moveinent,i the pioneers evinced their re
gard for religion by erecting a meeting-house at an early day. I
quote frora the Town Records : " July 5, 1779. " Met agreeable
to adjournment, and made choice of Capt. Hodges, Moderator.
Voted, to build a meeting-house at the spruce tree where the
I The emigrants to Bennington were removed for the purpose of gaining greater
connected with the Separate Church, and freedom in ecclesiastical affairs.

CIVIL HISTORY. 57
town made the centre. Voted, to build a log meeting-house, and
to meet at the centre the 15"^ of this month with axes, in order
to peel bark and cut timber for the said house." When they had
become more able to do so, they voted, March 18, 1782, to buUd
a meeting-house, 40 X 30 feet, and 16 foot posts, with a con
venient gallery.
In order to show the perils, as well as the hardships encountered
by these emigrants, one fact is added : " On the 9th of August,
1780, this town was visited by a party of twenty-one Indians,
who made prisoners of Thomas M. Wright, Prince Haskell, and
John Newton, and carried them to Canada. Newton and Wright
made their escape the spring following, and Haskell was ex
changed in the fall. They suffered many hardships while prison
ers and on their return ; but they arrived safely at Barnard, and
were all living in 1824 upon the farms from which they were
taken." ^
1 Thompson's Hist, of Vermont, art. in the Genealogical Register at the end
"Barnard." A more particular notice of of this volume.
the emigrants to Barnard may be found

CHAPTER VI.
CIVIL HISTORY.
American Revolution. — Taxation without Representation. — Stamp Act. —
Congress at New York. — Brigadier Ruggles, its President, refuses to sign
its Petitions ; his Reasons therefor unsatisfactory to the Representatives,
who reprimand him, but satisfactory to his Townsmen. — Riot in Boston. —
The Town refuses, but afterwards consents, that the Damage may be paid
"out of the Province Treasury." — Brigadier Ruggles stands alone in
Opposition to a Bill ostensibly designed to encourage Domestic Manufac
tures, and renders his Reasons publicly. — The Town instructs its Repre
sentative in 1773, to stand fast in Defence of its Chartered Rights and
Privileges. — Final Departure of Brigadier Ruggles from Hardwick. —
Form of Association prepared by him ; his Letter of Explanation; he refuses
to bear Arms against his Country, and retires to Nova Scotia. — Post of
Honor assigned to him in an Act of Banishment. — His Death, Public Ser
vices, and Character.
In this history of a small town, it may not be expected that
all the causes of the American Revolution should be enumerated
and discussed, or the various events recounted, which occurred
during its progress. Some of those causes and events, however,
should be mentioned, in which this town was raore or less actively
engaged ; especially because its most erainent citizen was among
the foremost actors on one side of the controversy, in its early
stages, while the town itself, though for a few years apparently
following his leadership, stood manfully and alraost unanimously
on the other side, when the struggle came to a crisis.
One very prominent question at issue, in the coraraencement of
this political and ultimately sanguinary controversy, was whether
or not the British Parliament had a legal right to impose taxes
on the American Provinces without their consent. In the exer
cise of this pretended right of supremacy, among other methods
for raising a revenue from the provinces, Parliament enacted a
law, styled the " Stamp Act," and directed that it should take
effect November 1, 1765. It does not appear that the town took
any action on this subject in town meeting ; but the House of
Representatives acted promptly and decisively. They sent a cir-

CIVIL HISTORY. 69
cular to the other Provinces, or Colonies, proposing concerted
action : —
" Boston, June, 1765. Sir, the House of Representatives
of this province, in the present session of the General Court,
have unanimously agreed to propose a meeting, as soon as may
be, of committees from the House of Representatives, or Bur
gesses of the several British colonies on this continent, to consult
together on the present circumstances of the colonies, and the
difficulties to which they are and must be reduced by the opera
tion of the acts of parliament for levying duties and taxes on the
colonies; and to consider of a general and united, dutiful, loyal,
and humble representation of their condition to his majesty and
to the parliament, and to implore relief. The house of repre
sentatives of this province have also voted to propose that such
meeting be at tlie city of New York, in the province of New
York, on the first Tuesday in October next, and have appointed,
the committee of three of their members to attend that service,
with such as the other houses of representatives or burgesses, in
the several colonies, may think fit to appoint to meet them ; and
the committee of the house of representatives of this province
are directed to repair to the said New York, on the first Tuesday
in October next, accordingly ; if, therefore, your honorable house
should agree to this proposal, it would be acceptable that as early
notice of it as possible might be transmitted to the speaker of
the house of representatives of this province.
" Samuel White, Speaker." ^ /
Governor Hutchinson remarks, that " the delegates from Mas
sachusetts Bay were James Otis, Oliver Partridge, and Timothy
Ruggles. The two last named had the character of friends to
government. Mr. Ruggles accepted the trust, expecting nothing
would be required of him that was not expressed in the vote of
the assembly, and left the house in order to prepare for his jour
ney. He was afterwards informed that the house of representa
tives had passed a set of instructions to their delegates, in which
they were required to insist upon an exclusive right in the colon
ies to aU acts of taxation. He determined, thereupon, to excuse
himself frora serving ; "but, being urged by his friends, he changed
his mind, and went on to New York."^
The several comraittees asserabled in New York " on Monday
the 7"^ of October, 1765," and exhibited their credentials. " Then
V Journal of the Continental Congress of ^ Hutchinson's Hist, of Mass., iii. 118.
ITfe, pp. 7, 8.

60 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
the said committees proceeded to choose a chairman by ballot ;
ahd Timothy Ruggles, Esq., on sorting and counting the votes,
appeared to have a majority, and thereupon was placed in the
chair." On the next day (the day fixed for the meeting), " the
Congress took into consideration the rights and privileges of the
British American colonists, with the several inconveniences and
hardships to which they are and must be subjected by the oper
ation of several late acts of parliaraent, particularly the act called
the stamp act ; and after sorae tirae spent therein, the same was
postponed for further consideration." ^ The Congress met from
day to day until October 24, 1765, when it adjourned without
day. During this time a Declaration of Rights was adopted, to
gether with an address "to the King's most excellent majesty," a
memorial to the House of Lords, and a petition to the House of
Commons, of Great Britain ; in all which the Congress professed
allegiance to the King, but protested against the recent enact
ments of Parliament. To the House of Commons it was said
that " it is with the most ineffable and humiliating sorrow that
we find ourselves of late deprived of the right of granting our
own property for his majesty's service, to which our lives and for
tunes are entirely devoted, and to which, on his royal requisi
tions, we have been ready to contribute to the utmost of our abil
ities. We have also the misfortune to find that all the penalties
and forfeitures mentioned in the stamp act, and divers late acts of
trade extending to the plantations, are, at the election of the in
formers, recoverable in any court of admiralty in America.
This, as the newly erected court of admiralty has a general ju
risdiction over all British America, renders his majesty's subjects
• in these colonies liable to be carried, at an immense expense, from
one end of the continent to the other. . . . By this means we
seem to be, in effect, unhappily deprived of two privileges essen
tial to freedom, and which all Englishmen have ever considered
as their best birthright, — that of being free from aU taxes but
such as they have consented to in person or by their representa
tives, and of trial by their peers." ^ For these and similar reasons
an earnest appeal was made for the repeal of the objectionable
and oppressive laws.
President Ruggles refused to affix his official signature to these
documents, for reasons which he afterwards formally presented to
the Massachusetts House of Representatives. By their printed
1 Journal of the Cont. Congress of 1765, ^ Ibid., p. 38.
pp. 2.5, 26.

CIVIL HISTORY. 61
journal it appears that on the 26th of January, 1766, the House
then being in session, " the following letter was signed by the
Speaker and directed to be forwarded to Brigadier Ruggles, viz.,
Sir, the House of Representatives have this day resolved to take
into consideration the services of their coramittee at the late Con
gress at New York, and some things having been mentioned in
general relating to your conduct which the House think proper to
inquire into, — they direct your attendance on Thursday the 6th
day of February ensuing." The subsequent proceedings were
pubUshed in the printed journal as follows : February 6, 1766.
" The House, according to the order of the day, entered into the
conduct and services of the committee at the late Congress at New
York ; and after a debate, the question was put, whether the rea
sons offered by Brigadier Ruggles for his not signing the petitions
prepared by the late Congress at New York be satisfactory to this
House ? It passed in the negative. Then the question was put,
whether the reasons offered by Brigadier Ruggles for leaving the
late Congress at New York before they had completed their busi
ness,^ be satisfactory to this House ? It passed in the negative.
Resolved, unanimously, that the account given by James Otis
and Oliver Partridge, Esquires, of their conduct at the late Con
gress at New York, is satisfactory to this House." February 12,
1766. " Resolved, that Brigadier Ruggles, with respect to his
conduct at the Congress at New York, has been guilty of neglect
of duty, and that he be reprimanded therefor by the Speaker."
February 13, 1766. " Brigadier Ruggles appearing in the House,
Mr. Speaker said to him as follows, viz., —
"Brigadier Ruggles, the House last evening voted, that with
respect to your conduct at the late Congress at New York, you
were guilty of neglect of duty, and thereupon ordered, that you
should receive a reprimand from the Speaker of this House.
Therefore " Sir, in discharge of my duty as Speaker of this House, and
in pursuance of their order, I do reprimand you accordingly. Sir,
it gives me very sensible pain, that a gentleman who has been
heretofore in such high estimation in this House, should fall
under their publick censure.
" I hope. Sir, that by your future conduct, you will not only
regain the good opinion this House have heretofore entertained of
1 The only business which remained sign, he did not choose to wait for his as-
unfinished was the signing of the docu- sociates.
ments by the committees ; as he would not

62 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
you, but also the good opinion of all those whose displeasure you
may have fallen under on this occasion."
A vote was then passed by the House permitting the pubUca
tion in their Journal of the reasons which he offered in justifica
tion of his conduct ; but, February 19, 1766, " Brigadier Rug
gles (according to order) laid upon the table his reasons for his
conduct at the Congress at New York, which being read, after a
debate, the question was put, whether the paper offered as con
taining his reasons be printed in the Journal of the House?
It passed in the negative." Having thus been denied the priv
ilege before promised to him, he caused his Reasons to be pub
Ushed in the " Boston Post Boy and Advertiser," May 5, 1766 : —
" Brigadier Ruggles's Reasons for his dissent from the Resolu
tions of the Congress at New York, as given into the House, Feb
ruary 19, 1766.
" The Honourable House having on my motion been graciously
pleased to indulge rae with adjoining the Reasons in justification
of ray conduct to a publication of the Proceedings of said Con
gress, ordered by the House to be inserted at the end of the Jour
nals of the present Sessions, first laying them before the House,
— I beg leave to offer the following : —
" First. My instructions from this honorable house, conceived
in the following words, viz., ' It is the expectation of the house
that a most loyal and dutiful address to his Majesty and his Par
liament wUl be prepared by the congress, praying as weU for the
removal of the grievances the colonies labor under at present, as
for the preventing others for the future ; which petitions, if drawn
up as far as you shall be able to judge agreeable to the mind of
this house, you are empowered to sign and forward.' The peti
tion agreed upon by the congress to be presented to his majesty
not being conceived in terms clearly enough expressive of that
duty and loyalty which are due to the best of sovereigns, and con
sequently not agreeable to my above instructions from this house,
left as a mere matter of judgment and discretion, if I had signed
it I must have acted in direct opposition to those instructions,"and
thereby have exposed myself not only to the censures of this
house, but to the reproaches of my own conscience, a tribunal
more awful to me than this (however great) by which I have
been conderaned.
« 2dly. That it is more regular, constitutional and conformable
to the constant practice of the colonies to have their petitions
and remonstrances to the King and Pariiament of Great Britain
signed by the Speaker of their House.

CIVIL HISTORY. 63
" 3dly. That the signing said addresses by the committees of
the several colonies which attended the congress, and who were
empowered to sign the same, could by no construction come up
to a general address from the colonies, as the coramittees from
the colonies of South CaroUna, Connecticut, and New York,
were not empowered, and therefore could not sign, and the
colonies of Nova Scotia, New Hampshire, Virginia, North Caro
lina, and Georgia, did not send committees to the congress, and
some had no regular appointment, so that in this respect it was
but a very partial signing ; and therefore it was more agreeable
to the instructions of this house to their committee, after having,
conformable not only to the spirit but to the very words of their
instructions, ' to unite in sentiments and agree upon such repre
sentations as may tend to preserve our rights and privileges,' to
return the same to the house for their approbation ; especially as
we knew the house was then sitting, and as I then apprehended,
and in fact would have been the case, little or no tirae would have
been lost.
" 4thly. A matter of so great importance to the colonies and
of so delicate a nature as the open and avowed claira of an ex
clusive right of taxation (however true) to be asserted in ad
dresses to the King and Parliament for relief from an Act made
by this very Parliament was a measure I could not bring myself
to adopt, as at my appointment to this service, upon motion
made, I could not obtain an explanation on that point, nor did I
think it was then the sense of this house ; I therefore thought it
my duty, and most respectful to the house to report the draughts
agreed upon for their acceptance.
" 5thly. In my apprehension those addresses would have had
greater weight, and would have been more favorably received by
the King and Parliament, had they been authenticated by the
suffrages of the various houses of representatives and burgesses
throughout the continent, and signed by their respective speakers.
" As to the charge of leaving the congress before the business
was completed, I beg leave to say, that after the draughts were
completed, and the petition to his Majesty was laid before me,
such difficulties arose in my mind as that in its present form I
could not bring myself to sign ; and the reasons for reporting the
draughts to the several assemblies operating so strongly on my
mind I made some exceptions to the gentlemen of the congress
on the address to his Majesty and offered some general reasons
for the expediency of reporting the draughts to our respective

64 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
assemblies, in which I was seconded by divers members, and
which occasioned a long and warm debate ; upon which it was
determined by a vote that the address to his Majesty, which was
at that time in a fair draught, together with those to the Lords
and Commons, should be laid on the table the next morning, in the
forra they had before passed the congress and been entered upon
the journal, to be signed by such of the raerabers as thought
proper. I then acquainted the congress that I proposed to go
out of town early the next morning ; and after the congress was
adjourned to the next morning I took ray leave of the members,
which was on Thursday evening the 24* October, when I con
cluded all the business of the congress was entirely finished,
except the bare signing, which, for the reasons given, I had re
fused. " Mr. Speaker, This honorable House have adjudged my
reasons insufficient to support my conduct ; and I feel the weight
of their indignation. I have. Sir, more than once trerabled under
a sense of my own insufficiency to support the dignity of the
high trust, with which my country unasked has honoured me ; and
to answer their just expectations in the discharge of them.
Their candour has heretofore estimated my services rather by the
integrity of my heart than the clearness of my head ; this up
rightness they have not only been pleased to accept, but bounti-
fuUy to reward. When this house honoured me with this
appointraent, in undertaking it I promised myself the same
indulgence. I have exercised the same freedom of judgment, I
have attended the duty with the sai-ne dUigence, I have been
actuated with the same love to my country and its liberties, I
have acted with the same singleness and uprightness of intention,
and with the sarae ardent desire to serve the publick weal, which
I have ever made the rule of my conduct : But alas ! I meet
with a very different reward."
Before printing these reasons. Brigadier Ruggles submitted
them to his iraraediate constituents at a town meeting, March 3,
1766 ; and, it is not surprising that " after Brigadier Ruggles' read
ing the reasons he exhibited to the General Court for not signing
the petitions drew at the late Congress at New York to his
Majesty &c. the town voted [that they were] in their opinion
sufficient to. vindicate his conduct." They did not lose their
confidence in him as a patriot, and a true friend to his country
as well as to his king ; and for four years longer, continued to
elect him as their representative in the General Court.

CIVIL HISTORY. 65
The publication of the Stamp Act produced great excitement
in Boston, and some grossly violent deeds of the populace were
the natural result. In August, 1765, by hanging him in effigy,
breaking into his house, and destroying part of his furniture,
some of the inhabitants had induced Mr. Secretary Oliver to
promise that he would not act as Distributor of StampS ; and on
the evening of the 26th of the same month they attacked the
house of Lieutenant-governor Hutchinson, who had rendered
himself extremely obnoxious by his subserviency to the British
ministry, and " destroyed, carried away, or cast into the street,
every thing that was in the house ; demolished every part of it,
except the walls, as far as lay in their power ; and had begun to
break away the brick-w^ork. The damage was estimated at about
twenty-five hundred pounds sterling, without any regard to a
great collection of public as well as private papers in the posses
sion and custody of the Lieutenant-governor." ^ The Governor
recommended that the General Court should provide compensa
tion to the sufferers, but the court declined to act. A year later,
however, the odious Stai^np Act was repealed, and a demand was
made by the British government that the loss should be made
good. The General Court, after long debate, enacted a resolve,
granting compensation to the sufferers, and at the same time a
free pardon to all " who had been guilty of any criraes or offences
against law, occasioned by the late troubles." This act was dis
approved by the King, but the raoney was paid and no prosecu
tions of offenders followed. ^
Meanwhile, before the final settleraent of this affair, this town
expressed an opinion : —
" At a town-meeting in Hardwick duly warned the 15"* day
of August A. D. 1766, first chose Deac. Joseph Allen, Modera
tor. 2d, Voted to give the following instructions to Timothy
Ruggles, Esq., the present representative of said [town], re-
pecting the inderanification of the late sufferers by riots and
tumults in the town of Boston. — First. We reflect upon the
disorders that from time to time have been perpetrated to the
great terror of the good people of that town, in evil example to
others, and the great loss and damage that some of them have
sustained, with the utmost abhorrence, hereby declaring our
greatest readiness to do every thing in our power that justice be
done to those unhappy sufferers, as well as the persons concerned
in the perpetration of those horrid crimes. — Secondly. That at
1 Hutchinson's Hist. Mass., iii. 124. 2 Md:, iii. 158-160.
5

66 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
any sessions of the General Court, while you are a member
thereof, you use your utmost endeavors that the persons con
cerned in those crimes be discovered and discountenanced by all
proper and lawful raeans, that they and their accomplices be
obUged to make good all damages to the sufferers. — Thirdly.
In case of their inability, that you use your endeavors that those
damages be made good by the town of Boston, as we have been
informed that numbers of the inhabitants were spectators of
these horrid scenes, without interposition to prevent them. —
Fourthly. You are not to [consent to] the moneys being paid
out of the Province Treasury, to make good those losses,
unless at the sarae time it be resolved by the House that it shaU
be added to the taxes of the town of Boston, and collected ac
cordingly. — Fifthly. That you take due care that the damages
be justly stated and estiraated, and no more be voted to any
person [than] the loss he really sustained."
The town acted once more on this subject. At a town-meeting,
November 28, 1766, under a warrant " to consider of a Bill pend
ing in the House of Representatives of this Province, entitled
' An Act for granting compensation to the sufferers, and of free
and general pardon, indemnity and oblivion, to the offenders, in
the late riots,' — Voted, that, as it appears to the said town to be
his Majesties most gracious intention that compensation should
be raade to the sufferers in said Bill raentioned, that Timothy
Ruggles, Esq., the present Representative of said Hardwick do
vote for the substance of said Bill, and that he use his influence
to obtain an Act of the General Court, which [he] shall think
has the most proper tendency to prevent future disturbances.
As to the other parts of said Bill, we leave it to his discretion
to act as he may think proper and best for the interest of the
Province." Among the measures adopted by the " Sons of Liberty," in
this controversy with the British government, was substantially
the non-consuraption of foreign goods. This was designed to
produce a twofold effect ; it would prevent the government from
obtaining any revenue under the form of duties, and would tend
to create dissatisfaction among the English manufacturers, and
enUst thera against the oppressive acts of Parliaraent. For this
purpose, a preamble and two resolutions, so carefully and guard
edly drawn that they might not have attracted notice under other
circumstances, were reported by a committee consisting of tbe

CIVIL HISTORY. 67
Speaker, Samuel Adams, Samuel Dexter, Ebenezer Thayer, and
John Hancock, and adopted by the House of Representatives,
February 26, 1768, by a vote of eighty-one in the affirmative
against a single negative, to wit : " Whereas the happiness and
well-being of civU communities depend upon industry, econoray,
and good morals, and this house taking into consideration the
great decay of the trade of the province, the scarcity of money,
the heavy debt contracted in the late war, which still remains on
the people, and the great difficulties to which they are by these
means reduced ;
"Resolved, That this house will use their utmost endeavors,
and enforce their endeavors by example, in suppressing extrava
gance, idleness, and vice, and promoting industry, economy, and
good morals, in their respective towns.
"And in order to prevent the unnecessary exportation of
money, of which this province has been of late so much drained,
it is further Resolved, That this house will by all prudent means
endeavor to discountenance the use of foreign superfluities, and
to encourage the manufactures of this province."
Brigadier Ruggles requested liberty to enter upon the Journal
of the House his reasons for dissent ; but his request was refused.
He therefore caused them to be printed in the " Boston Chroni
cle," March 7, 1768 : —
" Province of Massachusetts Bay, Feb. 29, 1768. Mr. Speaker,
The honorable house of representatives of this province, on the
26 th instant, having resolved that they will use their utmost
endeavors, and enforce the same by exaraple, in suppressing ex
travagance, idleness, and vice, and proraoting industry, econoray,
and good morals in their respective towns. And in order to pre
vent the unnecessary exportation of money, of which the province
has of late been so much drained, they further resolved that they
would by all prudent means endeavor to discountenance the use
of foreign superfluities, and to encourage the manufactures of this
province. " The passing said resolutions being determined by yea and
nay, the representative of the town of Hardwicke being the only
one who answered nay to the question put for passing said reso
lutions, begs leave to explain himself upon his dissenting answer,
and says, that he had no objection to the resolution of endeavor
ing to suppress extravagance, idleness, and vice, and promot
ing industry, economy, and good morals, but was pleased with

68 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
the appearance of such necessary reformation ; nor has he any
objection to the encouraging any manufactures ^ which do not
interfere with those of the mother country, but on the contrary
might be beneficial to both that and this country. But as it is
generally supposed that the true interest of this province consists
in the cultivation of a good harraony with their mother country,
the improvement of the land, and the encouragement of a legal
trade, it is humbly apprehended it cannot be for the interest of
this people to encourage manufactures in general, for the follow
ing reasons : —
" 1. Because in all countries, manufactures are set up at the
expense of husbandry, or other general employment of the peo
ple ; and if they have not peculiar advantages over husbandry,
they will, by discouraging the latter, do the country more harm
than good.
" 2. That in this country, manufactures are so far from having
peculiar advantages that they lie under insurmountable difficul
ties, of which thinness of people, and the consequence of it, high
price of labor, are the chief ; and therefore they can never balance
the mischief they will do by taking the hands off the husbandry
and fishery.
"3. That at all times it behoves us to avoid setting up any busi
ness which may be detrimental to the mother country, as the
preservation of a good understanding between Great Britain and
her colonies is essential to the welfare of both.
" 4. That at the time when we are petitioning for redress, to
give particular encouragement to manufactures will look like a
threat against and a defiance of Great Britain, and will bring a
resentraent against the province, as it is said the like proceedings
have already done against the town of Boston.
" 5. That if by these and other means, an actual breach should
be made between Great Britain and her 'colonies in general, or
this in particular, whoever gets the victory, we are undone.
Wherefore he hurably begs leave to enter his dissent to the said
resolution, and to pray that it may be entered in the Journal.
" Timothy Ruggles.
" In the House of Representatives 29th Feb. 1768. The hon
orable Timothy Ruggles, Esq., offered this paper to the house.
' Domestic manufactures were encour- stand on the ground where it is now
aged by the town ; and it was voted, 17th built, provided we have a good workman,
November, 1774, "that the hatter's shop and one that minds his business."

CIVIL HISTORY. 69
And the question being put whether the same shall be entered on
the journals of the house, past in the negative.
" Attest Samuel Adams, Clerk."
The resolutions to which Brigadier Ruggles dissented were
doubtless consistent with the intention cherished by many, though
not yet openly avowed, — to dissolve all political connection with
the raother country, and to become independent ; but he was
right in describing them as inconsistent with an honest desire for
"the preservation of a good understanding between Great Britain
and her colonies," and as tending to produce " an actual breach "
between them. And although rich and abundant blessings in
due time resulted from that " breach," his prediction of its im
mediate disastrous results was substantially accurate. The new
born nation came out of the conflict financially " ruined ; " it was
utterly bankrupt, and was compelled to repudiate its debt to its
own citizens, and to refuse payment of its " bills of credit," which
it had issued as money to defray the expense of the long war.
The inability of the colonists to become successful rivals of Great
Britain in general manufactures was also correctly stated. They
might make and wear homespun cloth, if they chose to do so ;
but they could not manufacture the finer goods, except at a cost
greatly exceeding that of the imported articles. The causes of
this inability, assigned by Brigadier Ruggles, long remained oper
ative. It was nearly half a century before general raanufactures
became prosperous in this country, and even then only because
they were sustained by a subsidy, or artificial aid, called " pro
tection," in the form of a high tariff of duties on foreign manu
factured goods ; indeed a full century elapsed before they could
successf ullv compete in foreign markets with similar goods manu
factured in Europe.
Up to this time, and for two years afterwards, the inhabitants
of Hardwick evidently hoped for a peaceful solution of the con
troversy between the Province and the British ParUament, and
manifested their approval of the method pursued by Brigadier
Ruggles for the attainraent of that result, as in 1770, for the fif
teenth time, they again elected hini as their representative in the
General Court. They also associated with him, Daniel Oliver,i a
1 Son of Andrew Oliver, who grad. H. died in 1774. Daniel, the son, grad. H.
C. 1724, was successively Secretary and C. 1762, became a refugee, and died in
Lieutenant-governor of the Province, and England in 1826.

70 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
young lawyer whom he had introduced into practice here, and
who was known to agree with hira in politics. About this time,
however, they seem to have lost confidence in the raeasures here
tofore adopted, though they still desired a reconciliation with
Great Britain, rather than a separation. In 1771 and 1772 they
sent no representative; but in 1773 they elected Paul MandeU,
a man of less dignity than Brigadier Ruggles, but of different pol
itics, and equally resolute in their maintenance.
May 19, 1773 : At a town-meeting, it was "Voted, That relar
tive to the Book ^ sent from Boston, that our rights and privileges
are infringed upon.
" Chose a committee of seven men, viz., Capt. WiUiam Paige,
Stephen Rice, Daniel Warner, Thomas Robinson, Asa Whitcomb,
Ebenezer Washburn, and Ens. Edward Ruggles, to draw up in
structions for our representative, and lay them before the town
on the 14'" day of June next, at one o'clock afternoon."
June 14, 1773. The committee reported instructions, which
were adopted : —
" To Capt. Paul Mandell, Representative for the town of Hard
wick. We esteem it of very great importance that our natural
and constitutional rights, as men, as Christians, and as subjects,
be preserved inviolate ; so any alarm of their being unjustly ar
rested from us, — more especially as they are privileges that were
purchased by the blood and treasure of our worthy and renowned
ancestors, and handed down as a free and good right of inheritance
to us, their posterity, — torn away by an oppressing hand, fills us
not only with fear, concern and grief, but also warms our breasts,
and will ever engage us to join with our aggrieved brethren, not
only of this, but also with those of our neighboring colonies, in
pursuing every lawful and prudent raethod whereby we may
obtain redress, which we look upon to be our duty and interest at
a time thus melancholy and distressing. Beholding innovations
that have been already made on our natural and constitutional
rights, the perplexities in which our public affairs are involved,
the heavy burdens under which we together with by far the
greatest part of these American Colonies are groaning on ac-
1 This " Book " was issued by the Com- towns in the province and to the world, as
mittee of Correspondence elected by the the sense of this town, with the infringe-
town of Boston, November 2, 1772, "to ments and violations thereof that have
state the rights of the colonies, and of this been, or from time to time may be made ;
province in particular, as men, as chris- also requesting of each town a free com-
tians, and as subjects; to communicate munication of their sentiments on this
and publish the same to the several subject."

CIVIL HISTORY. 71
count hereof, and as yet unheard coraplaining of, give us great
reason to look forward to that distressing day when the plan of
Despotism which we fear the enemies of our invaluable rights
have concerted shall be accomplished, which no sooner than it
should take place must involve us and our posterity in a state of
slavery, and we and they viewed in no other point of light than
machines of mere arbitrary power and lawless ambition ; the
thought of which will not suffer us any longer to conceal our im
patience, secrete our sentiments, or neglect using all lawful and
constitutional measures to quiet our fears, redress our grievances,
and prevent if possible that [which], should it take place, would
of consequence, involve us and our posterity in a state of abject
slavery. As, therefore, we, the inhabitants of the town of Hard
wick, have made choice of you. Sir, to represent us in the Great
and General Court of this Province, this present year, do repose
confidence in you, and expect you will exert yourself in every
proper and constitutional way for the securing and maintaining
our rights and privileges, and for the supporting our ancient
happy form of governraent. Although the situation of our affairs
with respect to the state of the colonies, and this in particular,
has of late and still does wear a dark and gloomy aspect, in our
opinion threatening the ruin of our happy constitution, [we]
however rejoice that we are not as yet denied the privilege of
choosing some person from ainong us, to represent us in the Great
and General Court of this Province ; and although the repre
sentative body have not heretofore had that regard paid to them
which we earnestly wished for, and had just reason to expect
from the order of happy constitution (which has been greatly
discouraging to us in choosing any person to represent us, fearing
lest that the original purposes designed would fail of being an
swered hereby), yet having a respect to and looking upon our
selves under indispensable obligations to do all we can to main
tain and defend that good and orderly government by which the
people of this province have been long distinguished, — we send
you forth, and recommend to your vigilance, wisdora, and integ
rity, the important concerns of this aggrieved and oppressed peo
ple ; taking it for granted that a regard to your own honor and
interest, as well as a regard to the honor and welfare of those
who have chosen you to represent them, will raake you truly
attentive to every thing that shall tend to secure us in a free
and full enjoyment of all our constitutional rights, carefully
guarding against and vigorously opposing (as you would never

72 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
betray your constituents nor prove unfaithful to your trust) every
thing and every attempt that shall naturally tend to destroy our
ancient privileges ; and that you will never give up that right
into the power of others, which the law of God, nature, and na
tions hath invested us with. And as we are of opinion that the
most likely and effectual way to gain the Royal ea.r, and obtain
a redress of our grievances, is by petitioning our most gracious
Sovereign in all proper and constitutional ways, and at all times
proving ourselves loyal and dutiful subjects, so we particularly
recommend this to your serious consideration, hoping you will
always be ready to join with others in this and all other measures
that shall be likely to relieve us in the most easy and happy man
ner, and most effectually secure our invaluable rights and privi
leges, and restore that mutual harmony and confidence between
the British nation and the American colonies, which we look
upon to be of the utraost importance and necessity to secure the
emolument and welfare of both ; and in this way we hope (under
the smiles of heaven) our natural rights as Christians and sub
jects will be fixed on such a sure basis as that all future attempts
to invade or destroy them, will prove entirely fruitless and abor
tive." These instructions, probably drawn up by Ebenezer Washburn
the viUage school-master and poet (one of the coramittee), though
not very concise, nor wholly grammatical, with some circumlocu
tion and repetitions, clearly enough express two ideas, which were,
probably, uppermost in the minds of the inhabitants : (1.) Loy
alty to the King, notwithstanding their dissatisfaction with the
proceedings of the Pai-liament, — even as American citizens now
preserve sincere loyalty to the country, however much they may
disapprove the proceedings of the dominant majority in Congress
for the time being; and hence they still desired a reconciliation,
and a permanent union with the mother country on just and hon
orable terms ; and (2.) a deterraination to unite with the other
towns in the Province in resisting the parliamentary encroach
ments on their rights and privileges, in the most effectual manner.
Although no distinct reference is made to resistance by force of
arms, it is clearly enough implied.
In August, 1774, Brigadier Ruggles took his final leave of this
town, for whose material prosperity he had labored so earnestly
and successfully during the last twenty years, and whose politi
cal guide and leader he had been acknowledged until recently.

CIVIL HISTORY. 73
Although he had now forfeited the favor of the Sons of Liberty,
by opposing their revolutionary proceedings, he had secured and
retained the approbation of the King by his loyalty. He was
this year designated as one of the thirty-six members of the Coun
cil, appointed by mandamus, for the government of the Province
(of whom twelve declined the office, and nine soon resigned), and
was one of the fifteen who did not shrink from the responsibility
of the difficult and hazardous position, and was sworn into office
August 16, 1774.
It was the current tradition among his contemporaries, that
when he left Hardwick to take his seat in the Mandamus Coun
cil, a multitude assembled at the bridge, near the old Furnace,
to prevent him from crossing. His brother. Captain Benjamin
Ruggles, was a leader and the chief speaker. After using other
persuasions and expostulations in vain, Benjamin, with much
solemnity, assured his brother, that if he persisted in proceeding
to Boston, he would never be permitted to return. The Briga
dier's warlike spirit was roused. " Brother Benjamin," said he,
" I shall come back, — at the head of flve hundred soldiers, if
necessary." " Brother Timothy," was the reply, " if you cross
that bridge, this morning, you will certainly never cross it again —
alive." The General waved his hand, and proceeded at a delib
erate pace ; the crowd gave way, and he crossed the bridge, —
and crossed it for the last time. He never returned ; and the
two brothers saw each other no more in this world.
I anticipate the order of events a few months, to close my
account of Brigadier Ruggles' connection with the revolutionary
contest, so far as it had any immediate reference to Hardwick.
At the last session of the first Provincial Congress, in Cambridge,
December 10, 1774, " the committee appointed to take into con
sideration the letter and papers enclosed, received from the com
mittee of correspondence of the town of Hardwick, reported;
which was read and accepted, and ordered to be published in the
public papers, and also the papers on which the said report is
founded. The report is as followeth, viz : — Whereas it appears
to this Congress, that one or more members of the lately appointed
unconstitutional council in this province, now residing in Boston,
has sent to the' town of Hardwick a paper, purporting [to be] an
association to be entered into by those persons who falsely assume
the name of friends to governraent, calculated to counteract the
salutary designs of the Continental and Provincial Congresses, to

74, HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
deceive the people into agreements contrary to the welfare of this
country, and tending in its consequences to hinder an amicable
accommodation with our mother country, the sole end of these
Congresses, and the ardent wish of every friend to Araerica: ^ it
is therefore recommended by this Congress, to the several com
mittees of correspondence in this colony, that they give notice to
the Provincial Congress, that shall meet in this province on the
first day of February next, and the earliest notice to the public,
of all such corabinations, and of the persons signing the same, if
any should be enticed thereto, that their names may be published
to the world, their persons treated with that neglect, and their
memories transmitted to posterity with that ignominy, which
such unnatural conduct must deserve."^
The order of Congress, for the publication of these proceedings,
not having been immediately carried into effect. Brigadier Rug
gles caused the " Association " to be published in the " Boston
Evening Post," Deceraber 26, 1774, with a prefatory letter: —
" To the Printer of the Boston News-Paper : As Messrs. Edes
and Gill, in their paper of Monday the 12*'' instant, were pleased
to acquaint the public that ' the Association sent by Brigadier
Ruggles, &c., to the town of Hardwicke, &c., together with his
Son's certificate thereof, and the resolves of the Provincial Con
gress thereon, must be referred till their next,' I was so credulous
as to expect then to have seen their next paper adorned with the
forra of an Association which would have done honor to it, and if
attended to and corapUed with by the good people of the prov
ince, raight have put it in the power, of any one very easily to have
distinguished such loyal subjects to the King, as dare to assert
their rights to freedora, in all respects consistent with the laws of
the land, from such rebeUious ones as, under the pretext of being
friends to liberty, are frequently coraraitting the most enormous
outrages upon the persons and properties of such of his Majesty's
peaceable subjects who, for want of knowing who to call upon
(in these distracted times) for assistance, fall into the hands of
a banditti, whose cruelties surpass those of savages :  But find-
1 The members of the Congress pro- gunpowder, and fire-arms, and the pay-
fessed a desire for a peaceful close of ment of all taxes to a treasurer appointed
the existing controversy, notwithstand- by themselves. See their Journal pp. 45-
ing they had made preparations for forci- 64. The town of Hardwick expressed the
ble resistance by recommending a new same sentiments, and promptly adopted
organization of the militia under trust- the measures recommended by the Con-
worthy officers, the enlisting of minute- gress.
men, the procuring of arms and am- ^ j-„„„„;, ^^ ^^^^ Provincial Congress,
munition, the manufacture ot saltpetre, pp. 68, 69. j >

CIVIL HISTORY. 75
ing my mistake, now take the liberty to send copies to your sev
eral offices, to be published in your next papers, that so the public
may be made more acquainted therewith than at present, and be
induced to associate for the above purposes. And as many of the
people for sorae time past have been arming themselves, it may
not be amiss to let them know that their numbers will not appear
in the field so large as was imagined, before it was known that
independency was the object in contemplation ; since which, raany
have associated in divers parts of the province, to preserve their
freedom and support Government; and as it raay become neces
sary in a very short time to give convincing proof of our attach
ment to Government, we shall be much wanting to ourselves if
we longer trample upon that patience which has already endured
to long-suffering, and may, if this opportunity be neglected, have
a tendency to ripen raany for destruction who have not yet been
guilty of an overt act of rebeUion, which would be an event dia
metrically opposite to the humane and benevolent intention of
him, whose abused patience cannot endure forever, and who hath
already by his prudent conduct evidenced the most tender regard
for a deluded people. TiMOTHY RuGGLBS.
" Boston, 22" Dec. 1774." " THE ASSOCIATION.
" We the subscribers being fully sensible of the blessings of
good Government on the one hand, and convinced on the other
hand of the evils and calamities attending on Tyranny in all
shapes, whether exercised by one or many, and having of late
seen with great grief and concern the distressing effects of a
dissolution of all Governraent, whereby our Lives, Liberties, and
Properties are rendered precarious, and no longer under the
Protection of the Law ; and apprehending it to be our indis
pensable duty, to use all Lawful means in our power, for the
defence of our Persons and Property, against all riotous, and
lawless violence, and to recover, and secure the advantages which
we are intituled to, from the good and wholsome Laws of the
Government ; Do hereby associate and mutually covenant, and
engage to and with each other as follows. Namely
" 1st. That we will upon all occasions, with our Lives, and
Fortunes, stand by and assist each other, in the defence of his
Life, Liberty, and Property, whenever the same shall be attacked,
or endangered by any Bodies of Men, riotously assembled, upon
any pretence, or under any authority, not warranted by the' Laws
of the Land.

76 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
"2ndly. That we wiU upon aU occasions, mutuaUy support
each other in the free exercise, and enjoyment of our undoubted
right to Liberty, in eating, drinking, buying, selUng, commun
ing, and acting, what, and with whom, and as we please, con
sistent with the Laws of God, and the King.
" 3dly. That we will not acknowledge, or submit to the pre
tended authority of any Congresses, Committees of Correspon
dence, or other unconstitutional AsserabUes of Men ; but will
at the risque of our Lives, if need be, oppose the forceable exercise
of all such authority.
" 4thly. That we will to the utmost of our Power, promcJte,
encourage, and when called to it, enforce obedience to the right-
full Authority of our most Gracious Sovereign King George the
third, and of his Laws.
" Sthly. That when the Person or Property of any one of us
shall be invaded or threatened by any Committees, mobs, or un
lawful Assemblies, the others of us will upon notice received
forthwith repair, properly armed, to the Person on whom, or
place where such invasion or threatening shall be, and will to the
utmost of our Power, defend such Person and his Property, and
if need be, will oppose and repel force with force.
"6thly. That if any one of us shall unjustly and unlawfully
be injured in his Person or Property, by any such Assemblies as
before-mentioned, the others of us will unitedly deraand, and if
in our Power compel the Offenders, if known, to make full repar
ation and satisfaction for such injury ; and if all other Means of
Security fail, we will have recourse to the natural Law of Re
taliation. " In witness of all whicii we hereto subscribe our Naraes this
day of . " \.
In a letter written by Lord Percy, at Boston, in October, 1774,
a copy of which is in possession of Rev. Edward G. Porter, of
Lexington, it is stated that a body of " Loyal American Asso
ciates " had been organized for the defence of the Government,
of which " Brig. Hon. Timothy Ruggles " was " Commandant,"
and Abijah WUlard, Jaraes Putnara, and Francis Green were
captains ; but it does not appear that they were ever called into
service. It has been said that after hostUities commenced, and
the British army evacuated Boston, Brigadier Ruggles went to
New York, and served in the array ; but I have not seen any
satisfactory proof that he ever bore arms against his country.

CIVIL HISTORY. 77
On the contrary, the uniform tradition among his relatives and
townsmen, while his contemporaries were still living, was, that
he utterly refused to take an active part in the conflict of arms,
on the one side or the other. He had eaten the King's bread,
and he would not lift up his heel against him ; he had repeatedly
sworn allegiance, and he would not violate his oath. And just as
firmly he refused to aid in the effort to crush his kindred and his
fellow countrymen by brute force. He retired to Nova Scotia,
and devoted himself to agriculture on a tract of land granted to
hira in consideration of his services and his losses.
It may be added, that he was highly distinguished in an act,
passed in September 1778, forbidding the return of refugees,
providing that if any such should return they should be forth
with sent out of the jurisdiction, and if they returned a second
time without permission, they should " suffer the pains of death
without benefit of clergy." The preamble of the act commences
thus : " Whereas, Thomas 'Hutchinson, Esq., late governor of
this state, Francis Bernard, Esq., forraerly governor of this state ;
Thomas Oliver, Esq., late lieutenant-governor of this state,-
Timothy Ruggles, of Hardwick, in the county of Worcester,
Esq." Then follow the naraes of more than three hundred
persons, arranged alphabetically in the several counties and
towns, including the late Secretary and Treasurer, the Chief
Justice of the Supreme Court and other Judges, members of the
Mandamus Council, and at least one Baronet, Sir William Pep
perell. Brigadier Ruggles alone was selected from the mass of
offenders, and associated with the former governors and lieu
tenant-governor, as the most conspicuous group. He deserved
this distinction, for he was confessedly their most powerful sup
porter for several years before their government was overturned
and terminated.^
1 Even the most stalwart Sons of sion on the members. Otis rose after
Liberty sometimes quailed before him, him, and with the fullest tone and most
and shrunk from a contest in debate, impassioned manner, that seemed to ar-
Tudor mentions an instance of this kind, rest the very breathing of the House, be-
in his life of the younger Otis. At the gan: 'Mr. Speaker, the liberty of this
session of the House, in Cambridge, country is gone forever ! and I'll go after
May, 1769, by adjournment from Boston it ! ' He immediately turned around and
(where cannon had been placed in front walked out of the chamber." Life of
of the State House), "on some question James Otis, Jr., p. 356.
in dispute between the Legislature and In the same connection it may be added
the Governor, Brigadier Buggies, the that the following paragraph in the
staunch friend of the latter, had delivered Boston Chronicle, October 10, 1768, prob-
a very powerful and ingenious argument, ably refers to Brigadier Ruggles. In
whicii seemed to make a strong impres- reference to the report that Governor

78

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

While he remained in Hardwick, General Ruggles contributed
more than any other person to the agricultural prosperity of the
town, by improved methods of tillage, the introduction of choice
breeds of cattie and horses, and the culture of engrafted fruits.i
In the performance of his various public duties, he reflected honor
on his constituents. As colonel and as brigadier-general in the
French War, as representative and as speaker of the House, as
president of the Congress at New York, and as chief justice of
the Court of Common Pleas, he was equal to his position and
adorned it.^ He closed his long and eventful life at Wilmot,
near Annapolis, N. S., August 4, 1795, aged nearly 84 years,
leaving behind him the well-earned reputation of loyalty to his
king, love of his country, and strict hcmor, faithfulness, skill, and
energy in the perforraance of every duty incurabent on him.
To this estimate of his character I do not recollect to have
seen any objection until recently. But a respectable writer in

Bernard might be appointed Governor of
Virginia, the writer says: "If his Ex
cellency accepts of the above offer, it is
said his Honor the Lieut. Governor will
be appointed to succeed him ; and that a
certain Honourable gentleraan, a Briga
dier of the Colony Troops in the late war,
during which he distinguished himself,
and who is equally esteemed for his pro
bity and firmness, will succeed the Lieut.
Governor." 1 After his removal to Nova Scotia, he
seems to have abandoned politics and to
have devoted himself entirely to agricul
ture. In an obituary notice, published in
a Halifax newspaper immediately after
his death, it is said that " At the conclu
sion of the late war. General Ruggles
carae to this Province, and with a degree
of philosophy rarely to be met with at the
age of 74 [his age waa 64 in 1775] sat
himself down in the wilderness, and began
to cultivate a new farm, which he carried
on with wonderful perseverance and suc
cess. The idea that his advanced age
would not admit him to reap the fruit of
his labor never damped the spirit of im
provement by which he was in a most em
inent degree actuated ; and the district of
country in which he lived will long feel
the benefits residting from the liberal ex
ertions he made to advance the agricultu
ral interests of the Province. It may not
be without its use to remark that for

much the greatest psirt of his life General
Ruggles ate no animal food, and drank
no spirituous or fermented liquors, small
beer excepted ; and that he enjoyed to
his advanced age almost uninterrupted
health."
\2 In person, General Ruggles is said to
have been somewhat more than six feet in
height, and well proportioned. When ar- •
rayed in the costume then fashionable,
surmounted by the formidable wig and
cocked hat, his aspect must have been im
posing and majestic. And in manner he
was equally dignified. President Adams
(who was his kinsman), in contrasting
him with Gridley, the Attorney General,
in 1759, says, "Ruggles' grandeur con
sists in the quickness of his apprehension,
the steadiness of his attention, the bold
ness and strength of his thoughts and
expressions, his strict honor, conscious su
periority, contempt of meanness, &c. Peo
ple approach him with dread and terror.
Gridley's grandeur consists in his great
learning, his great parts, and his majestic
manner ; but it is diminished by stiffness
and affectation. Ruggles is as proud, as
lordly as Gridley, but he is more popular;
he conceals it more; he times it better;
and it is easy and natural in him, but is
stiff and affected in Gridley. It is an ad
vantage to Ruggles' character, but a dis
advantage to Gridley's." Life and Works,
ii. 67.

CIVIL HISTORY. 79
the " History of Worcester County," published in 1879, whUe he
bears frank testimony that " though living in style, he was tem
perate in his habits, prudent and sagacious in the management of
his affairs, and capable of filling any position to which he might
be raised," yet on the same page, speaking of the ill-fated daugh
ter, Mrs. Spooner, he makes the astonishing statement, that " the
father, with all his talents and public spirit, was a man of low
moral principle, and it is believed that he set his children an ex
ample of conjugal infidelity." i I doubt not that this writer " be
lieved " his statement to be true ; but to me it is utterly incred
ible. I was born, and resided for the first twenty-four years of
my life, within a few rods of Brigadier Ruggles' homestead ; and
during that period I often heard his character discussed by his
townsmen who had personally known hira, and had opposed him
politically. I have also read much concerning him in contempo
rary newspapers, and in authentic history. I have heard and I
have read most bitter denunciations of his political opinions and
conduct. But never, until now, have I known him to be charac
terized as a " man of low moral principle." And as to his doraes
tic relations, although an unhappy incorapatibility of teraper was
notorious, and was the subject of free conversation araong those
who personally knew the parties, I do not remember to have
heard the slightest suspicion of "conjugal infidelity" on the part
of either husband or wife. On the contrary, there are unmistak
able indications that his townsmen had full confidence in his high
" moral principle," and in the general uprightness of his conduct.
Equally destitute of truth, I am confident, are the stories which
have been current concerning the outrageous conduct of his towns
men. I have seen no evidence that they ever treated him with
personal disrespect, or maimed his cattle, or wantonly destroyed
his property. Mob law was never countenanced in Hardwick.
Before taking final leave of this eminent citizen, the insertion
of a few anecdotes, illustrative of his grim humor and plainness of
speech, may be pardoned.
It is related that while he was a young lawyer an old woman
entered the court-house, at recess, and desired a seat. Ruggles
gravely pointed to the judges' bench, which she gladly accepted.
When the Court carae in and sternly questioned hira, he replied
that he considered the seat to be very convenient for old women.
Under the Provincial Charter, " the General Sessions of the
. 1 Hist. Worcester County, i. 56.

80 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Peace was coraposed of aU the justices within the county, who
commonly attended and decided the matters presented for ad
judication by vote. . . . General Ruggles, the Chief Justice, in
stern derision of the constitution of this Court, on one occasion,
reprimanded a dog who had taken his seat beside his master,
for appearing on the bench before he had been qualified as a Jus
tice of the Peace, and directed him to go and be sworn before he
came to vote there." i.
The famous bull story rests on a slight foundation. That a
bull chased the Brigadier into his house, and was there shot
after having demoUshed a valuable looking-glass, is probably
true ; but the remainder of this oft-told tale is so utterly incon
sistent with the Brigadier's high sense of honor, that it may
without hesitation be pronounced apocryphal and unworthy of
repetition. Other anecdotes have been preserved by tradition, which I do
not recollect to have seen in print. Among these may be raen
tioned that which describes one of his boyi.sh pranks while he
was a student in Harvard College. A sign had been removed
frora some store or tavern, and conveyed to his room, by hira or
by some of his associates. Search was made for it in the even
ing, but the door was bolted, and the sign was placed on the fire.
When the footsteps of the tutors were heard approaching, Ruggles
began to pray, very audibly, and in his prayer repeated the
language found in Matthew xvi. 4 : "A wicked and adulterous
generation seeketh after a sign ; and there shall no sign be given
unto it but the sign of the prophet Jonas." In due time the
sign was consumed, the prayer ceased, and the door was opened
to admit those who had scrupulously abstained from interrupting
the devotions of the students.
The account of another youthful extravagance indicates that
some of the son's facetiousness was inherited frora the father.
Having purchased a horse, and agreed to pay for it on the next
Election day, he wrote- a promissory note, in which, instead of
Election day, he inserted the words Resurrection day. When
Election day arrived and payment was demanded, he insisted
that the note had not yet matured, and called for the reading of
it ; he would pay when it becaine due. The father, overhearing
the conversation, exclairaed, " Tiraothy, if you owe that man
anything, pay him. You will have enough else to attend to at
the Resurrection, besides paying for old horses."
1 Lincoln's Hist. Worcester, p. 59.

CIVIL HISTORY. 81
There is yet another horse story : The father. Rev. Timothy
Ruggles, had a favorite horse which became sick. The son was
requested to give his opinion in the case. After due examination,
he said, " The difficulty is plain enough, father ; the horse has
the same disease which troubles the larger portion of your parish ;
he has been very severely priest-ridden."
Two military anecdotes must close this list, already perhaps
too long.
Before the attack on Ticonderoga, in 1758, Brigadier Ruggles
earnestly objected to the order of battle proposed by General
Abercrombie, and suggested another, which involved much
greater personal hazard to himself. Abercrombie, however, with
true English obstinacy, persisted in his own plan, and was re
pulsed with disastrous loss. When they met, on the next morn
ing, to the General's formal salutation the Brigadier responded,
" Good-morning, General Abercrombie ; I hope your terrible
defeat yesterday may be sanctified to you."
" On the morning of the battle of Bunker Hill, General Gage
said to him, that the rebels would disperse at the sight of his
cannon ; that he should not be under the necessity of discharging
a gun ; ' -without discipline, without officers, and under the disad
vantage of being engaged in an unjust cause,' continued he taunt
ingly, ' it is impossible for them to withstand our arms a moment.'
Ruggles replied with warmth, ' Sir, you know not with whom
you have to contend. These are the very men who conquered,
Canada. I fought with them side by side ; I know them well ;
they -will fight bravely. My God ! Sir, your folly has ruined
your cause.' " ^ 1 Worcester Magazine, ii. 59.

CHAPTER VIL
CIVIL HISTORY.
Committee of Correspondence. — County Convention. — Courts of Law ob
structed. — New Organization of Militia, and Officers elected. — Minute
Men. — Alarm List. — Provincial Congress. — Constables indemnified. —
Contribution to Boston Sufferers. — Tories treated with Neglect, disarmed,
confined, and advertised as Public Enemies. — Temporary State Govern
ment organized. — Few Tories in Hardwick. — Sharp Controversy with
One of the Number ; settled by Appeal to the General Court. — The Con
flict succeeded by Peace. — Anecdote.
At a meeting, on the 22d of August, 1774, the town " Chose
a coraraittee of fifteen men for a Committee of Correspondence,
nine of whom being met shall have power to act, to correspond
with the Committees of other towns within this Province respect
ing the important matters relating to our civil and political
rights and privileges, as may be necessary from time to tirae, and
to agree to such measures as may be thought most proper to be
taken in order to frustrate and disappoint the purposes of wicked
and designing men to deprive us and our posterity of our just
rights and privileges ; and that said Committee shall have power
from time to time, as they shall think necessary, to appoint some
person or persons from among themselves to attend upon any
Convention of members from the Committees of any other towns
within this Province, to consult upon matters relating to our
civil rights and privileges, and that said person or persons, so
delegated, shall have power to agree with the majority of such
Convention in any method that they may think proper to come
into, to answer the above purposes ; and that the town will pay
the expenses of those persons, and their horses, that may attend
upon such convention. And furthermore, the town chose a com
mittee of three men, viz. : Capt. Paul Mandell, Mr. Stephen
Rice, and Lieut. Jonathan Warner, as a Committee to meet the
Committee of Correspondence at Worcester, on Tuesday the 30*"
instant." The Committee of Correspondence, elected in Boston, Novem-

CIVIL HISTORY. 83
ber 2, 1772, was the first in the Province, and was a device of
the sterling patriot, Samuel Adams. " This inaugurated the
system of local committees of correspondence. They multiplied
and widened under successive impulses, until they constituted the
accredited organs of the party that founded the Republic of the
United States." ^ The inhabitants of Hardwick did not so soon
respond to the message from Boston, nor so promptly as some
other towns elect their Committee of Correspondence ; but in due
time, and after careful deliberation, they heartily joined in the
movement which induced Governor Hutchinson to say : " Thus,
all on a sudden, from a state of peace, order, and general con
tentment, as some expressed themselves, the province, more or
less from one end to the other, was brought into a state of conten
tion, disorder, and general dissatisfaction ; or, as others would
have it, were roused from stupor and inaction to sensibility and
activity."^ The power exercised by this committee was not
absolutely unlimited, because, from time to time, they reported
their proceedings to the town, for approval. But in the general
confusion which prevailed until the adoption of the Constitution
in 1780, they exercised to a considerable extent both judicial
and executive authority ; and from their known character we
may be certain that the individuals first elected did not perform
their duty negligently. This coraraittee consisted of " Capt.
Benjamin Ruggles, Capt. Constant Merrick, Capt. Paul Mandell,
Deac. Joseph Allen, Deac. William Paige, Deac. John Bradish,
Lieut. Jonathan Warner, Mr. Daniel Warner, Mr. Stephen Rice,
Ens. Ezra Leonard, Ens. Timothy Newton, Mr. Thomas Robin
son, Mr. Seth Paddleford, Mr. Josiah Locke, and Lieut. Joseph
Safford." 3
The committee of three, namely, Paul Mandell, Stephen Rice,
1 Fioihiagham's Rise of the Republic, -p. Elisha Billings, Thomas Wheeler, Isaac
266. Fay, Denison Robinson, Timothy New-
2 Htftchinson's Hist, of Mass., iii. 370. ton, and Zebadiah Johnson. — 1779 :
' The same persons were reelected in David Allen, Samuel Dexter, Aaron Bar-
1775. Their successors were, — 1776: low, Ephraim Cleaveland, Jr., James
William Paige, Thomas Robinson, Sam- Paige, Jr., Daniel Warner, Ezra Leonard,
uel Dexter, Samnel Billings, John Brad- Elisha Billings, John Hastings, Timothy
ish, Daniel Warner, David Allen, Abra- Paige, John Haskell, Thomas Robinson,
ham Knowlton, and Gamaliel Collins. — Timothy Newton, Jonathan Warner, and
1777: William Paige, John Bradish, Ephraim Pratt. — 1780 : Daniel Egery,
Thomas Robinson, Stephen Rice, Tim- Oliver Allen, Isaac Fay, John Haskell,
othy Paige, Barnabas Sears, Samuel and James Wing. Further elections
Dexter, David Allen, Timothy Newton, were rendered unnecessary by the estab-
Thomas Haskell, John Hastings, and lishment of a regular government.
Ehsha Billings. — 1778 : Daniel Warner,

84 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
and Jonathan Warner, elected August 22, 1774, and increased,
September 22, 1774, by the election of John Bradish, to " meet
the Committee of Correspondence at Worcester," faithfully per
formed their duty, and from time to tirae reported to the town
the proceedings of the Convention. That Convention met at
Worcester, August 9, 1774, organized, and adjourned to the thir
tieth day of the sarae month, in order that, as " a considerable
number of respectable towns in this county have not yet chosen
committees, and by that raeans raay not have received the letters
notifying this Convention," such towns might receive notice and
be duly represented. At the appointed time, the Convention re
assembled. Rev. Ebenezer Chaplin, then of Sutton, and after
wards of Hardwick, one of the members, officiated as chaplain
at its various sessions until its final dissolution. May 31, 1775.
Under the form of recommendations, this body exercised sub
stantial legislative authority ; and their fellow citizens yielded a
ready obedience to whatever was required. Among the earliest
recommendations were the following, adopted August 31, 1774: —
" Resolved, that it is the indispensable duty of the inhabitants
of this county, by the best ways and means, to prevent the sitting
of the respective courts under such regulations as are set forth in
a late act of parliament, entitled an act for regulating the civil
government of the Massachusetts Bay.
" Resolved, that in order to prevent the execution of the late
act of parliament, respecting the courts, that it be recommended
to the inhabitants of this county to attend, in person, the next
inferior court of common pleas and general sessions, to be holden
at Worcester, in and for said county, on the sixth day of Septem
ber next.
" Resolved, that it be recommended to the several towns that
they choose proper and suitable officers, and a sufficient number,
to regulate the moveraents of each town, and prevent any dis
order which might otherwise happen ; and that it be enjoijied on
the inhabitants of each respective town, that they adhere strictly
to the orders and directions of such officers.
"And whereas, the courts of justice will necessarily be im
peded by the opposition to the said acts of parliament, therefore,
Resolved, that it be recommended to the inhabitants of this prov
ince in general, and to those of this county in particular, that
they depute fit persons to represent them in one general provin
cial convention, to be convened at Concord, on the second Tues
day of October next, to devise proper ways and means to resume

CIVIL HISTORY. 85
our original mode of government, whereby the most dignified
servants were, as they ever ought to be, dependent on the people
for their existence as such ; or some other which may appear to
them best calculated to regain and secure our violated rights. . . .
" Resolved, that it be recommended to the several towns that
they indemnify their constables for neglecting to return lists of
persons qualified to serve as jurors."
The convention then adjourned to September 6, when it again
met and " voted, as the opinion of this convention, that the court
should not sit on any terms,." . . . and " that the body of the
people in this county now in town assemble on the common."
Not only were the courts prevented from sitting, but the judges
and officers of the courts were required to promise that they
would " stay all such judicial proceedings," and would not
attempt to put the parliamentary "act into execution."^ On
the same day, the Convention " voted, that it be recoraraended
to the military officers in this county that they resign their com
missions to the colonels of the respective regiments : — voted, that
the field officers resign their offices, and publish their resignations
in all the Boston newspapers : — voted, that it be recommended
to the several towns of the county, to choose proper officers for
the military of the town, and a sufficient nuraber."
At a subsequent session, September 20, 1774, it was " voted, as
the opinion of this convention, that the sheriff adjourn the supe
rior court appointed by law to be held this day, and that he retain
such as are, or may be, committed as crirainals, in his custody,
until they have a trial." The Convention then recoraraended a
more thorough reorganization of the militia : —
" As the several regiraents in this county are large and incon
venient, by the increase of its inhabitants since the first settle
ment of said regiments, therefore, voted, that the county be
divided into seven distinct regiments, in the following manner,
to wit : — ... Fourth. Brookfield, Western, Braintree, Hard
wick, Oakham. . . .
" Voted, that it be recommended to the several towns in this
1 In a note to these proceedings, it is royalist justices and officers were com-
Btated that "on the invitation of the con- pelled to pass through the ranks, paus-»
vention, the people of the county had ing, at intervals, to read their declara-
assembled to the number of about six tions of submission to the public will.
thousand. The companies of the several At evening, finding that no troops were
towns were under officers of their own on their way to sustain the judicial tribu-
election, and marched in military order, nals, whose constitution had been cor-
Having been formed in two lines, when rupted by the act of parliament, the great
the arrangements were completed, the assembly dispersed peacefully."

86 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
county, to choose proper military officers, and a sufficient number
for each town, and that the captains, lieutenants, and ensigns,
who are chosen by the people in each regiraent, do convene on or
before the tenth day of October next, at some convenient place
in each regiraent, and choose their field officers to command the
railitia until they be constitutionally appointed; and that it be
recoraraended to the officers in each town of the county, to enlist
one third of the men of their respective towns, between sixteen
and sixty years of age, to be ready to act at a minute's warning ;
and that it be recommended to each town in the county, to choose
a sufficient number of men as a committee to supply and support
those troops that shall move on any emergency.
" Voted, that it be recommended to the company officers of
the minute-men, to meet at Worcester, on the 17th of October
next, at ten o'clock of the forenoon, to proportion their own regi
ments, and choose as many field officers as they shall think neces
sary." On the same day the Convention made provision for a political
eraergency, by recommending a Provincial Congress, which exer
cised almost unUmited power for the next year : " Resolved, that
it be recoraraended to the several towns and districts, that they
instruct their representatives, who may be choseii to raeet at
Salem, in October next, absolutely to refuse to be sworn by any
officer or officers, but such as are or may be appointed according
to the constitution, or to act as one branch of the legislature in
concert with any others, except such as are or may be appointed
according to the charter of this province ; and that they refuse
to give their attendance at Boston, while the town is invested
with troops and ships of war : And should there be any thing to
prevent their acting with such a governor and council as is ex
pressly set forth in the charter, that they immediately repair to
the town of Concord, and there join in a provincial congress with
such other raerabers as are or may be chosen for that purpose, to
act and determine on such measures as they shall judge to be
proper to extricate this colony out of the present unhappy cir
cumstances." ^
How promptly and heartily the inhabitants of Hardwick re
sponded to these recommendations may be seen in their recorded
votes. At a town-meeting, Septeraber 16, 1774, — "The town
made choice of officers to regulate the soldiers that went to
1 The proceedings of this County Convention are printed with the Journals of
each Provincial Congress, pp. 627-652.

CIVIL HISTORY. 87
Worcester. — Voted, to accept the Resolves of the Committee of
Correspondence, which was laid before the town at that time.^ 
Chose Deac. Joseph Allen, Capt. Paul Mandell, Stephen Rice,
Capt. WilUam Paige, and Ebenezer Washburn, to draw up a
covenant that may bind them to abide by whatever the majority
of the town think proper to vote." Six days later, the town
" voted to accept the covenant drawn up by a committee chosen
for that purpose." ^
September 22, 1774, only two days after the recommendation
of the measure was adopted by the County Convention, a town
meeting was held under a warrant, of which one article was, " to
see if the town will make some consideration, as an encourage
ment to a certain number of persons, as the town may think
proper, to serve as minute-men, upon any sudden invasion, for the
defence of our country." At this meeting all the officers of the
two militia companies having resigned, new officers were elected
by the town, to wit : for the South Company, Captain, Jonathan
Warner ; Lieutenant, Elisha Billings ; Ensign, Elijah Warner :
for the North Company, Captain, Paul Mandell ; Lieutenant,
Stephen Rice ; Ensign, Josiah Locke, who being transferred to
the company of minute-men. Ensign Timothy Newton was elected
in his stead : for the company of minute-men. Captain, Jonathan
Warner ; Lieutenant, Simeon Hazeltine ; Ensign, Josiah Locke.
And it was " voted, that if there should be an invasion, and the
minute-men should raarch for our relief, they should be supported
by the town." The minute-men were also offered pay for the
time which they devoted to drilling and instruction. But this
they were too patriotic to allow, while others were not paid.
They proposed at a town meeting, January 2, 1775, " that if the
town in general would provide themselves with arms, and be
equipped as they be, and endeavor to acquaint themselves with
the art military, it would be satisfactory to them, without any
other pay." Whereupon the town voted, "that all between six-
1 Probably the Resolves (already quot- inces, for the non-consumption of British
ed) which were adopted, August 31, 1774, goods. This, we apprehend, will have a
by the Worcester Convention of Commit- tendency to convince our brethren in
tees of Correspondence. Britain that more is to be gained, in the
2 This covenant is not found on the way of justice, from our friendship and
records, nor among the files of the town, affection than by extortion and arbitrary
Perhaps it had reference to a recommen- power. . . . Such an agreement, if strictly
dation of the County Convention, August adhered to, will greatly prevent extrava-
10, 1774 : " We greatly approve of the gance, save our money, encourage our
agreement entered and entering into manufactures, and reform our manners."
through this and the neighboring prov-

88 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
teen and seventy years of age, be equipped with arms and ammu
nition equal to the minute men, by the first day of February
next ; " also voted, " that all above forty years of age meet at the
training field on Monday next at nine o'clock in the forenoon, to
choose their officers." When thus asserabled, they organized two
companies of " alarm men." Of one corapany. Deacon Joseph
Alien, then sixty-seven years of age, was elected Captain ; Lieu
tenant Joseph Safford, First Lieutenant ; and Lieutenant Daniel
Fay, Second Lieutenant ; and of the other. Deacon William Paige,
aged fifty-one years, who had been a captain in the French war,
was elected Captain ; Mr. Thomas Robinson, First Lieutenant; and
Ensign Ezra Leonard, Second Lieutenant. Thus while this town
contained not much more than twelve hundred inhabitants, five
military companies, averaging about fifty men each, were prepared
for service, before the first blood was shed in the contest ; — one
for action in any sudden emergency ; two for more regular service,
in such detachments as circumstances might require; and two of
old men, to defend their hearthstones at the last extremity, and
to sacrifice their lives, if necessary, in defence of their families.^
One more recommendation of the County Convention met a
ready response at this town-meeting Septeraber 22, 1774 : " Chose
Mr. Stephen Rice to represent the town at the Provincial Con
gress to be held at Concord." The town had pre-dously elected
Paul Mandell as their representative for this year in the General
Court. He was desired and erapowered to act in the Provincial
Congress, if the House of Representatives should be dissolved by
the Governor. Instructions to hira, drawn up by Captain Wil
liara Paige, Lieutenant Stephen Rice, and Dr. John Paddleford,
were reported and adopted at a town-meeting, September 30,
1774: " To Capt. Paul MandeU ; Sir, As we have chosen you to
represent us in the Great and General Court to be holden at Sa-
1 "Hardwick Jan. 19. Such is the mil- to the laws of the province in that case
itary spirit, and such the opposition to made and provided. So that we have rea-
military tyranny, in this town, that, ex- son to believe that the Tory Covenant or
elusive of the train-band companies and Association, sent into this town by Brig-!
one company of minute-men, the alarm- adier Ruggles, will have little or no effect)
men consisting of near one hundred and amongst us, nor will any other means
twenty, most of whom are able-bodied and used by our enemies to divide or divert us
good marksmen, met on Monday the six- from pursuing the measures which we
teenth instant, and having formed them- think will have a tendency to recover and
selves into two companies and made secure to us and our posterity our just
choice of their officers, did likewise enter rights and privileges." Massachusetd
into a covenant to attend military duty Spy, February 2 1775. T
and equip themselves to a man, agreeable

CIVIL HISTORY. 89
lem, on Wednesday, the fifth day of October next ensuing, we do
hereby instruct you to adhere firmly, in all your doings as a mem
ber of the House of Representatives, to the Charter of this Prov
ince granted by their Majesties King William and Queen Mary,
, and"that you do no act that can possibly be construed into an ac
knowledgement of the validity of the British Parliament for al
tering the Government of the Massachusetts Bay ; and that you
acknowledge no other than the honorable Board of Councillors
elected by the General Court in their sessions last May as the
only constitutional and rightful Council ; and that you pay no re
gard or act in any manner whatever with the Council appointed
by Mandamus from his Majesty. And as we have reason to be
lieve that a conscientious discharge of your duty will produce your
dissolution as a house of representatives, we do hereby empower
and direct you to join with the members who may be sent from
this and the other towns in this province, and to meet with them
at a time to be agreed on in a general Provincial Congress, to act
upon such matters as shaU then come before you in such a man
ner as may appear most conducive to preserve the liberties of
North America."
The anticipated emergency occurred. The House of Represen
tatives was dissolved by the Governor, and the Provincial Con
gress "convened at Salem on Friday the seventh day of October
A. D. 1774," organized by electing Hon. John Hancock, chair
man, and Benjamin Lincoln, Esq., clerk, and " adjourned to the
court-house in Concord, there to meet on Tuesday next ; " and on
the next Friday " adjourned to the court-house in Cambridge,
there to meet on Monday next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon."
A recess was taken frora October 29 to Noveraber 23, and the
Congress was dissolved December 10, 1774. Among the recom
mendations by this Congress were these : —
October 21, 1774. " Resolved that this Congress do earnestly
recommend to the people of this province an abhorrence and de
testation of aU kinds of East India teas, as the baneful article of
a corrupt and venal administration for the purpose of introducing
despotism and slavery into this once happy country ; and that
every individual in this province ought totally to disuse the same.
And it is recommended, that every town and district appoint a
committee to post up in some public place the naraes of all such
in their respective towns and districts, who shall sell or consume
so extravagant and unnecessary an article of luxury."
October 29, 1774. " Whereas, it has been recommended by this

90 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Congress, that the moneys heretofore granted and ordered to be
assessed by the general court of this province, and not paid into
the province treasury should not be paid to the Hon. Harrison
Gray, Esq., for reasons most obvious : — Therefore Resolved, that
Henry Gardner, Esq., of Stow, be, and hereby is, appointed re
ceiver general. . . . And it is hereby recommended to the several
towns and districts within this province, that they iraraediately
call town and district meetings, and give directions to all consta
bles, collectors, and other persons who may have any part of the
province tax of such town or district in their respective hands or
possession, in consequence of any late order and directions of any
town or district, that he or they immediately pay the same to the
said Henry Gardner, Esq., for the purposes aforesaid. And it is
also recommended that the several towns and districts, in said
directions, signify and expressly engage to such constable, col
lector, or other persons as shall have their said moneys in their
hands, that their paying the sarae to Henry Gardner, Esq., afore
said, and producing his receipt therefor, shall ever hereafter oper
ate as an effectual discharge to such persons for the same." ^
At a legal meeting, November 17, 1774, the town, by vote, ap
proved the proceedings of the Provincial Congress, generally ;
and in particular ordered the constables to pay the public moneys
to the Receiver-General instead of the King's Treasurer, and
agreed to indemnify them for so doing ; appointed a committee
" to post up in sorae public place the naraes of those persons who
shall hereafer sell or consurae Bohea or Indian Tea ; " and " made
choice of the following men as a committee to observe the con
duct of all persons in this town, touching the observation of the
determinations of the Provincial Congress, viz., Deac. Joseph
AUen, Col. Jonathan Warner, Thoraas Haskell, Deac. William
Paige, Thomas Robinson, Col. Paul Mandell,^ and John Paige."
Four days afterwards, " The town met according to adjourn
ment, Nov. 21, 1774, and V\ Voted to reconsider the former votes
respecting officers for the south side of the town, and proceeded
to an entire new choice. 2% Voted, and chose Samuel BiUings,
1 Journals of each Provincial Congress, elected colonel of militia, and Jonathan
PP-2^'*^- Warner colonel of "minute-men," at
2 Paul Mandell is styled Colonel here, their first organization. If so he held
and in the record of his election, January the office only a short time The " min-
2, 1775, as a delegate to the next Con- ute-men " were soon merged in the mili-
gress; aud he bears that tide in the offi. tia, and Jonathan Warner was elected
cial Roll of Delegates. Perhaps he was colonel.

CIVIL HISTORY. 91
Jr., for their Captain ; Elijah Warner, for their Lieutenant ; and
Isaiah Hatch, for their Ensisn." i
January 2, 1775. Pursuant to a recommendation of the Pro
vincial Congress, in regard to " the persons suffering in the towns
of Boston and Charlestown, under the operation of certain acts of
the British parliament," that the people generally should " con
tribute liberally to alleviate the burdens of those persons, who
are the more immediate objects of ministerial resentment, and
are suffering in the common cause of their country," the town
ordered that collections should be raade for that benevolent pur
pose. That Congress having voted to dissolve on the tenth day
of Deceraber, 1774, and recommended the election of delegates to
a second Provincial Congress, to sit from February 1, " untU the
Tuesday next preceding the last Wednesday of May next, and
no longer," 2 the town at this raeeting, " chose Col. Paul MandeU
to attend at the Provincial Congress at Carabridge, on the first
day of February next, and sooner if occasion requires." Also,
" Voted, to accept the resolve of the Committee, in having no
dealings with the Tories, except grinding for them." ^
After the commencement of actual hostilities, those who were
regarded as Tories were subjected to a more strict discipline.
Not only were they treated with neglect and contempt, and ex
cluded from all social or coraraercial intercourse, but they were
disarraed and subjected to confinement, more or less absolute, as
circumstances might seera to require. One person, at least, was
committed to prison ; others confined to the limits of the town,
1 The company had probably remained commonly known by the name of tories "
destitute of a captain after the promotion . . . and " Resolved, that all lawful ways
of Captain Jonathan Warner to the office and means ought to be adopted by the
of colonel. The new captain proved his whole body of the people of this province,
fitness for the office by subsequently en- to discountenance all our inveterate polit-
listing and commanding a company, com- ical enemies in manner as aforesaid. —
posed alraost entirely of Hardwick sol- Therefore we earnestly recommend it to
diers, in the Revolutionary army. all denominations of artificers, that they
2 Journals of each Prov. Congress, p. call meetings of their respective crafts-
73. men in their several counties, as soon as
^ Grinding was a work of necessity, as may he, and enter into associations and
"bread is the staff of life." But in re- agreements for said purposes; and that
gard to all else, they seem to have been all husbandmen, laborers, &c., do the like :
as exclusive as the blacksmiths of the and that whoever shall be guilty of any
county, who agreed, September 8, 1774, breach of any or either of the articles or
that they would not "do or perform any agreements, be held by us in contempt as
blacksmith's work, or business of any enemies to our common rights." Jour-
kind whatever, for any person or persons nals of each Prov. Congress, p. 640.
whom we esteem enemies to this country,

92 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
or of their own farms ; others, again, were pubUshed as unfriendly
to the patriotic cause, and the public were cautioned to regard
them as enemies.^
AprU 24, 1775. " Voted, that the town are not satisfied with
Jonathan Danforth's declaration of his being a friend to liberty.
Voted, that Lieut. Timothy Ruggles ^ be put under guard, and
also John Rion, until said Ruggles shall satisfy all the men
that now live at Brigadier Ruggles' house for their labor, and see
that they go out of town forthwith, and see that the arras and
ammunition, now at Brigadier Ruggles' house, are delivered up ;
and then he is confined to his farm, and not to go out of it, ex
cepting on Sabbath-days, fast days, or some other public days ;
and that he pays the guard for their trouble in taking care of
him." May 15, 1775. Voted, to take possession of the guns found at
the house of Brigadier Ruggles, " and to return them when they
think proper. Voted, that Lieut. Timothy Ruggles have liberty
to go to Boston, and Uve there, if he pleases."
May 22, 1775. The town met " to elect one or more persons
to serve for and represent them in a Provincial Congress, to be
held at the meeting-house in Watertown, on Wednesday the
1 " In Committee of Correspondence one of them should depart out of this
for the town of Hardwick, August 7th, town without a permit from said Com-
1775. Whereas Deacon James Fay, Jona- mittee) they take up and confine or send
than Danforth, Abner Conant, Joseph them back again. Per order of the said
Ruggles, Jr., Israel Conkey, and Jona- Committee. Seth Padelfokd, Clerk of
than Nye, all of Hardwick, in the County said Committee." New England Chroni-
of Worcester, have, by their conduct in cle, August 17, 1775.
various instances, manifested a disposi- ^ Timothy Ruggles was son of the
tion inimical to the rights and privileges Brigadier; his brother, John, had pre-
of their countrymen, — therefore Resolved, viously fled to Boston, though he escaped
that their names be published to the world, with some difficulty, as appears by the
agreeable to the association of the Conti- report of a committee of Congress, con-
nental Congress ; and that it be earnestly cerning a prisoner named John Jones:
recommended to the inhabitants of this " We find by said .Jones' account of him-
town, county, and colony, not to have any self, that he went to Boston soon after the
commercial connection with the said Fay, memorable Lexington battle, of the 19th
Danforth, &c., but to shun their persons of April last, in company with John Rug-
and causes, and treat them with that con- gles of Hardwick, who was ordered by a
tempt and neglect they deserve. And committee to the said town of Hardwick;
whereas the said Committee have thought aud that said Jones was knowing to the
it necessary that the said Danforth, Fay, proceedings of said committee against
&c., be confined to this town, and that said Ruggles, before they set out together
they assemble not together raore than two from Weston to take refu"-e in Boston;
of them at u, time (except at public wor- and that they left the common road, and
ship and at funerals), therefore further went in the woods and difficult places, to
recommend it to the good people of this pass the town of Roxbury." Journals of
colony, that (if the said persons or any each Prov. Congress, pp. 315, 316.

CIVIL HISTORY. 98
thirty-first day of May instant, and to be continued by adjourn
ment, as they shall see cause, until the expiration of six months
from their being first convened on the thirty-first day of this
instant May, and no longer ; and to consult, deliberate, and re
solve upon such further measures as under God shall be effectual
to save this people from impending ruin, and to secure those in
estimable liberties derived to us from our ancestors, and which
[it] is our duty to preserve for posterity." The town elected
three delegates, to serve by turns, one at a time, namely : Captain
William Paige, for June and July ; Captain Stephen Rice, for
August and September ; and Colonel Jonathan Warner, for Oc
tober and November ; but as the Congress dissolved on the 19th of
July, to give place to the newly elected General Court, only one
of these delegates took his seat. At the same meeting it was")
" Voted, that the following persons be looked upon as unfriendly )
to the common cause of liberty, viz., Richard Ruggles,^ Jonathan
Nye, Deac. James Fay, Gardner Chandler, and Ebenezer Whipple. /
Voted, that as Gardner Chandler^ has now made sorae acknowl- '"j
edgments, and says he is sorry for his past conduct,, they will
treat him as a friend and a neighbor as long as he shall behave
himself weU."
The second Provincial Congress, believing that " the sword
should, in all free states be subservient to the civil powers," and
that such powers were then exercised only on sufferance, without
due form of law, appealed to the Continental Congress May 16,
1775, for " advice respecting the taking up and exercising the
powers of civil government, which we think absolutely necessary
for the salvation of our country ; and we shall readily submit to
such a general plan as you may direct for the colonies ; or make
it our great study to establish such a form of government here,
as shall not only most promote our advantage, but the union and
interest of all America." In answer to this appeal, the Conti
nental Congress, June 9, 1775, "Resolved, that no obedience
being due to the act of parliament for altering the charter of the
colony of Massachusetts Bay, nor to a governor and Ueutenant-
governor who will not observe the directions of, but endeavor to
subvert, that charter ; the govemor and lieutenant-governor are
to be considered as absent, and their offices vacant. And as there
is no council there, and the inconveniences arising from the sus-
i Son of Brigadier Ruggles. He be- Some years later he returned, and resided
came a refugee, and never returned. in peace at Brattleborough, Vt., and
2 Mr. Chandler afterwards became a Hinsdale, N. H., where he died.
refugee, and his property was confiscated.

94 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
pension of the powers of government are intolerable, especially
at a time when General Gage hath actually levied war, and is
carrying on hostilities against his majesty's peaceful and loyal
subjects of that colony ; that in order to conform, as near as may
be, to the spirit and substance of the charter, it be recommended
to the Provincial Congress, to write letters to the inhabitants of
the several places which are entitled to representation in assem
bly, requesting them to choose such representatives ; and that
the assembly, when chosen, should elect counsellors : which as
sembly and council should exercise the powers of government,
until a governor of his majesty's appointment will consent to
govern the colony according to its charter." Accordingly, the
third Provincial Congress, now in session, issued letters, June 20,
1775, requesting the selectmen of the several towns to cause the
inhabitants to assemble and " elect and depute one or more free
holders resident in the same town, according to the numbers set
and limited by an act of the general assembly, entitled an act for
ascertaining the number and regulating the house of representa
tives, to serve for and represent thera in a great and general court
or assembly, to be convened, held, and kept, for the service of the
said colony until the end of the day next preceding the last Wed
nesday of May next, if necessary, and no longer, at the raeeting
house in Watertown, upon Wednesday the nineteenth day of
July next ensuing the date hereof." ^ In accordance with this
request, Capt. Stephen Rice was elected, July 15, 1775, a mem
ber of this House of Representatives, — the first which derived
its authority directly and absolutely from the people.
October 10, 1775. " Voted, that Lieut. Timothy Ruggles be
set at Uberty. Voted, That the late proceedings of the Commit
tee of Correspondence with respect to the Tories are satisfactory
to the town." Precisely what these " proceedings " were does
not appear on record ; but it may safely JDe assumed that they
were less " satisfactory " to the Tories than to the town. The
number of Tories in Hardwick was not large. Indeed it is re
markable that Brigadier Ruggles, whose services to the colony had
been so conspicuous, and to the town so important and beneficial,
should have secured so few political adherents outside of his fam
ily circle. The more active and troublesome of them soon left
the town. Those who remained, with a single exception, seem to
have submitted unresistingly to the discipline adjudged necessary
1 Journals of each Prov. Congress, p. 359.

CIVIL HISTORY. 95
by the Committee of Correspondence, and to have conformed to
the new state of affairs so entirely as to secure the respect and
confidence of the most ardent Sons of Liberty. And even Jona
than Danforth, the most unmanageable and pugnacious of the
whole number, finally obtained the same boon, though he secured
it " through much tribulation." Several documents relative to
him are preserved in the records and archives of the Common
wealth, which 'have not heretofore been published, and from
which I shall quote somewhat freely, as they perhaps include, and
certainly illustrate, some of the " proceedings of the Committee
of Correspondence with respect to the Tories " at that time and
afterwards. " Worcester, ss. To the Sheriff of the County of Worcester, or
to the Keeper of the Common Goal in said County. Greeting.
In the name of the Government and People of the Massachusetts
Bay in New England : You are required to take into safe cus
tody, and commit to said Goal, Jonathan Danforth of Hardwick,
a person inimical and dangerous to the States of America, there
to remain in safe keeping till he shall be liberated and discharged
by due course of law. Given under my hand this 4*'' day of De
cember Anno Domini 1776. William Paige (by order). Chair
man of the Committee of Correspondence for Hardwick." ^
" To the Honorable Council of the State of the Massachusetts
Bay : We, the Coramittee of Correspondence, Safety, and Inspec
tion, for the Town of Hardwick do show, — That we have commit
ted to the common goal in Worcester Jonathan Danforth of this
town for the several crimes following, viz., (1.) That he, being
collector for said Hardwick, refused to pay to the Treasurer of
the State, Henry Gardner, Esq., the public monies he had in his
hands, according to a resolve of Congress. (2.) But being com
pelled to answer for said money, he produced other men's security
and took a receipt of the Committee, which receipt afterwards he
gave to Harrison Gray, Esq., on the account of which one of the
said Committee was seized by said Gray and contained [de
tained?] to his great loss and daraage. 3. Afterwards he was
published in the public papers, and confined to the town as an
enemy to the United States ; but notwithstanding, he broke
through his confinement, and went to New York and other places,
which we apprehend was to confer with and give information to
our enemies. 4. Concealing the goods of Richard Ruggles, a fu
gitive, when sought for ; and when part was found with him, sol-
1 Mass. Archives, clxxxi. 369.

96 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
emnly declared there was all he knew of ; but afterwards others
were found in a certain wood, which he confessed he put there.
5. And also absconded from said town of Hardwick for many
months, conferring with our enemies, to the great uneasiness and
worry of the inhabitants of said to-wn. — For these and many
other reasons which we are ready to show, if called to it, I have
committed the said Danforth, as above stated. .By order of said
Coramittee, William Paige, Chairman. Worcester Dec. y^ 5'"
1776." 1
« To the Honorable Council for the State of Massachusetts
Bay, in Council assembled, Dec. y* 6*^^ 1776 : Jonathan Danforth
of Hardwick, in the County of Worcester, now a prisoner in the
common Goal in said connty, humbly shows, — That, some time
in the month of July last, he left the town of Hardwick aforesaid
and went to North Yarmouth in the county of Curaberiand, and
let himself to the Hon. Jeremiah Powell, one of this Honorable
Board, and lived with him until the sixth day of November last,
when he returned home to Hardwick, bringing proper credentials
with hira from the said Mr. Powell that, during the time he had
lived with him, he had behaved well : that, during his absence,
the Committee of Correspondence &c., for said Hardwick seized
upon the estate of your petitioner and leased the same out, al
though he had left a proper person on it, to take care of it and
his family in his absence ; that, some little time after your peti
tioner's arrival home, the Coraraittee aforesaid seized him, and in
a most ignominious manner put him under guard and charged
him with having been, in his absence, with the British troops, and
made out a mittimus, signed by one William Paige, their chair
man, directed to the Sheriff of the County, ordering him to be
committed to goal as a person inimical and dangerous to the
States of America, and at the same time forbidding the Sheriff to
take any bail, although your petitioner could have procured am
ple security for his good behavior, and he is confined in the goal
aforesaid among prisoners of war, thieves, &c., and must remain
there, unless your Honors interpose in his behalf. Since civil gov
ernment has taken place among us, and civil magistrates are ap
pointed for the due execution of the laws, your petitioner appre
hends that Committees cannot lawfully grant mittimuses for the
commitment of any person ; but the late law of this State directs
that if any person is supposed [suspected ?] of being inimical to
the States of the United Colonies, upon complaint made by Com-
1 Afasj. Archives, clxxxi. 370.

CIVIL HISTORY. 97
mittees, &c. to a Justice of the Peace, the Justice is to examine
the matter of complaint, and upon due proof being made to bind
the offender to the next Court, and to his good behavior in the
meantime; which law your petitioner is willing to submit to.
Therefore [he] prays your Honors to direct the Sheriff that, upon
your petitioner's giving bond, &c. agreeable to the direction of
the law, he may be liberated ; and as in duty bound shall pray :
" Jonathan Danforth." i
This petition was referred, December 7, to a committee, and
no further notice of it is found on the records of the General
Court ; but it elsewhere appears that the petitioner " was set at
liberty by the Judges of the Superior Court." Then followed a
sharp and troublesome contest between hira and the committee,
the details of which, as well as the antecedent transactions, are
set forth in the following petition : —
" To the Honorable the Council and House of Representatives
for the' State of the Massachusetts Bay: The petition of the
Selectmen and Committee of Correspondence, Inspection, and
Safety, for the town of Hardwick, humbly showeth, — That
whereas Jonathan Danforth of said town has in many instances,
in our opinion, been aiding and assisting the unnatural enemies
of the United States of America, therefore we, the said Select
men and Committee, shall endeavor to inform the Honorable
Court of the said Danforth's conduct, frora the tirae of the date
of the Resolve of the Provincial Congress requiring every town
in this State to appoint Committees to call their Constables to
account for the outstanding monies in their hands, and also the
transactions of the Town, Selectmen, and Committee, aforesaid,
with the said Danforth.
" In the first place, with regard to the said Danforth, when the
said town's committee, agreeable to a Resolve of the Provincial
Congress of the State (the said Danforth being constable for said
town), proceeded to call him to an account for said outstanding
monies, the said Danforth then absolutely refused to give any
account respecting said monies, when requested, till after being
compelled thereto by said town, agreeable to said Resolve, — who
thereupon gave his note for said monies, for which they gave him
a receipt. And further, the said Danforth made a humble ac
knowledgment for his past conduct, and solemnly engaged for
the future that he would not oppose, but assist all in his power
the people of this Town and State in every thing that is not con-
1 Mass. Arch., clxxxi. 367, 368.
7

98 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
trary to the constitution of this state and the laws of the same ;
and that he would religiously stand to all the covenants of the
town, which he had signed; and that he would stand or faU with
the people. But instead of performing his engagement, he im
mediately returned said receipt to Harrison Gray, by which means
the gentleman who gave his receipt on the back of the Province-
Warrant, in behalf of the town, was arrested for said monies, to
his damage ; and also did his endeavor to discourage the people
from taking up arms to fight against the King of Great Britain ;
and whenever the inhabitants of said town met together for the
purpose of raising raen for that purpose, he would appear to ridi
cule thera in a conteraptuous way and manner ; and did actuaUy
conceal the household furniture of Richard Ruggles, who has
actually joined our unnatural enemy, and, being suspected, he
delivered up a part, and point-blank declared he knew nothing
about any more ; but on further evidence being obtained against
him, he confessed in an open town-meeting that he had concealed
sorae other articles in a certain hill, which was afterwards actually
found on said hill. And also the said Danforth, notwithstanding
the restrictions which were laid on him by the Committee, in
obedience to a Resolve of the Provincial Congress requiring them
to take effective measures to prevent suspected persons from exe
cuting their wicked designs, in open contempt of their authority
went to New York, or elsewhere, and purchased a large quantity
of Bohea Tea and brought [it] into town, and immediately ab
sented himself ; by which circurastances the Committee was led
to suspect that he had actually gone and joined our cruel enemies,
he having previously disposed of all his stock and part of his
household furniture, and part thereof he conveyed away privately
and concealed in the woods, as his wife afterwards informed us,
and also carried away all his valuable writings ; and when he
returned back to town informed the Committee of his coming,
and also gave hints that he was ready to give an account for his
past conduct ; the Coraraittee soon after gave hira an opportunity
therefor ; and when various questions were asked hira by said
Committee respecting his conduct, he refused giving any direct
answer thereto. Furthermore, he endeavored to and actuaUy
did, in a clandestine raanner, make conveyance of his real estate,
in order as was supposed to secure it from being taken as a for
feited estate. Finally, his whole conduct, ever since the time
first mentioned in this petition, has been to insult and act in con
tempt against the Resolves of the Continental Congress, the cove-

CIVIL HISTORY. 99
nants and engagements entered into by the town, and the orders
of said Committee agreeable to said Resolves and Acts of the
Great and General Court of this State, unless compelled thereto.
" In the second place, we shall endeavor to inform the Honor
able Court of the transactions of the Town, Selectmen, and Com
mittee, with said Danforth, from time to time. Viewing him as
an enemy to the rights and liberties of this country, they thought
theraselves in duty bound, — in pursuance of a Resolve of the
Provincial Congress in the year 1775, recommending it to Select
men and Committees in all and every town in this State to take
effectual steps to put it out of the power of such persons to ob-
sti'uct by any means whatever the measures that shall be taken
for the common defence, — to publish his name to the world as
an enemy, and lay him under restrictions not to pass over the
bounds of the town without license first obtained from said Cora
mittee. They also proceeded, in the year 1776, to enter a com
plaint to a Justice of the Peace, viewing him, agreeable to a
Resolve of the Continental Congress, as a person that ought to
be withdrawn from, and have no coraraercial intercourse with, to
grant a warrant to take the forementioned Tea, and to have it
stored, which was accordingly done. They also proceeded, agree
able to an Act of the Great and General Court in April 1776, —
requiring Committees to make returns of the naraes of all such
persons who had in any manner acted against or opposed the
rights and liberties of the United States of America, together
with their respective crimes, and evidences or depositions, — to
make return of said Danforth's name, with depositions accord
ingly. They also proceeded, — some time after the said Danforth
had fled and left the town as before mentioned, in the opinion of
said Coraraittee and every true friend and well-wisher to [the]
. rights and liberties of Araerica, to join our unnatural enemies, or
elsewhere, for protection, agreeable to a Resolve of the Great and
General Court of this State in 1776, empowering Comraittees to
take iraraediate possession of all such persons' estates, and to
lease dut all such real estate for the space of one year, — to take
possession of all such personal estate as could be found belonging
to said Danforth, and to lease out said real estate, and returned
an inventory thereof to Court, agreeable to said Act. They fur
ther proceeded, after said Danforth had returned to town (he
being absent frora the fore part of July till late in the Fall, the
same year), to bring him under examination, as before men
tioned, he giving no direct answers to questions asked him, it

100 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
was our candid opinion, — referring to a Resolve of the Conti
nental Congress, recommending it to Comraittees tliat the most
bold, impudent, and dangerous, enemies of this kind ought to be
confined, — that it was not for the safety and welfare of the good
people for hira to go at large ; therefore the said Committee, with
the advice of the principal men and Judges of the Inferior Court
for the County of Worcester, having no particular Act at hand
pointing out the method for commitment, proceeded to commit
him to Worcester Goal, having first laid the case before the town
at a full town meeting assembled, and having a very unanimous
vote therefor. After said Danforth had remained in goal for
sorae time, he was set at liberty by the Judges of the Superior
Court, the Committee not knowing that he was to be brought
upon trial at that time, and consequently had no opportunity to
be heard. And on his returning home, the inhabitants of the
town being very uneasy, thinking it not safe for the matter to
remain in such a situation, — and in conformity to an Act of the
Great and General Court, recomraending it to Committees that
any persons that were found to be enemies to the liberties of the
people, that they enter coraplaint against such persons, and have
thera brought before proper authority for exaraination and trial, —
thought it advisable to proceed with him agreeable to said act ;
and when coraing to trial, and producing sufficient evidence
against him, as we supposed, yet he was after all very unex
pectedly set at liberty, without any punishment or paying dam
ages ; by wliich means he has taken encouragement to proceed
against said Town and Committee by endeavoring to take advan
tage of law, and has interceded with some raagistrate to grant
hira a writ, by which means he has recovered the tea before men
tioned, and has summoned the officer, who served the warrant to
take the tea, to make his appearance at the next Quarter Ses
sions to be holden at Worcester, to answer for his default ; and is
further endeavoring to take advantage of the Town and Com
mittee, in an insulting and impudent manner, by threatening to
commence divers law-suits against them for their proceedings
against hira and his estate as before expressed.
" And whereas this town in a particular raanner has had the
hard fortune to suffer greatly by beilig infested with villains of
this kind, beyond what has been undergone by many towns in
this State, it must give your petitioners great uneasiness to see
one which we think in no case ought to have the advantage of
law suffered to disturb the town, and, if it were in his power, in-

CIVIL HISTORY. 101
volve the whole land in ruin and misery. Your petitioners there
fore humbly pray the Honorable Court would take the matter
into their wise consideration, and point out some effectual raethod
to bring the raatter to a speedy issue. And your petitioners, as
in duty bound, shall ever pray. Dated at Hardwick, the 18'" of
February 1778.
"William Paige, n
Thomas Robinson,
David Allen, y Selectmen.
Timothy Paige,
Timothy Newton,
" Signed per order, WiLLiAM Paigb, Chairman " (of the Com
mittee of Correspondence.) ^
June 3, 1778. " In the House of Representatives, on a petition
of the Selectraen and Committee of Correspondence of the town
of Hardwick, setting forth that Jonathan Danforth of said Hard
wick hath conducted in an inimical manner towards this and the
other United States, &c., and has coramenced two actions at law,
one against Timothy Paige, the other against Thoraas Robinson,
both of said town, which actions are to be tried at the next In
ferior Court of Coraraon Pleas to be holden at Worcester on the
second Tuesday of June instant : Resolved, that the petitioners
serve Jonathan Danforth of Hardwick with a copy of their peti
tion and the order thereon, that cause may be shewn, if any there
be, on the second Tuesday of the next setting of the General
Court, wherefore the prayer of said petition should not be
granted ; and notice be given to said Danforth fourteen days at
least before the second Tuesday aforesaid ; and that all processes
brought against the inhabitants of said Hardwick by said Dan
forth be stayed in the meantime. In CouncU. Read and con
curred. Consented to by fifteen of the Council." ^
At the tirae appointed, the following depositions (and several
others) were presented, and are still preserved ; the first, here
inserted, was dated September 26, 1778, and taken by Paul Man
deU, Esq. ; the others were taken at the house of Eliakim Spooner
in Hardwick, September 14, 1778, by John Mason, Esq., of Barre.
" I, Uriah Higgins, of Hardwick, of lawful age, testify and say,
that, in the month of December 1775, I was at Albany, and see
Jonathan Danforth of said Hardwick purchase about half a bar
rel of Bohea Tea, which he brought to Hardwick for sale, as I
took it. Uriah Higgins." »
1 Mass. Arch., ccxix. 440-443. ^ Gen. Court Records, xxxviii. 538.
8 Mass. Arch., ccxix. 459.

102 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
" I, Gamaliel Ceilings, of Hardwick, yeoraan, of lawful age,
doth testify and saith, that at Worcester, in the year 1776, at the
Inferior Court held there, I was in company with Deac. William
Paige of Hardwick, one of the Committee of Correspondence,
[who] had Jonathan Danforth of said town in possession as a
suspected person of treason against these States. Deacon Wil
liara Paige not knowing what method to commit said Danforth,
and said Paige asking Judge Moses Gill in what manner he
should proceed with said Danforth, the said Judge GUI replying
that the Committee had authority to commit to goal any person
that the Committee should think was an enemy to their country.
Further saith not. Gamaliel Collings.
" Question put by the Committee to said CoUings : Did Judge
Baker give any advice respecting said Danforth ? Answer: Yes;
after said Danforth was committed to goal, I heard Judge Baker
say that there had not been much law in the land, only the law
of the Comraittees, and that the Coraraittees had a right to com
mit any person for treason, till further order of the Court." ^
" I, Jonathan Warner of Hardwick, being of lawful age, testify
and say, that, agreeable to a Resolve of the Provincial Congress
directing the several towns to call on their constables forthe out
standing moneys in their hands, Jonathan Danforth being one of
the constables, said Danforth being at my house, the question be
ing asked him where he would pay the money he had in his
hands, his answer was, he would not pay the money to Hardwick
or their Committee; he was not accountable to thera for said
raoney ; he either would see them daraned first, or he would be
damned before he would pay the money ; and said, I swear, be
fore I will pay the money to Henry Gardner, Esq., he would pay
the raoney to Harrison Gray. In May 1775, after the Battle of
Lexington, the people of Hardwick met for the purpose of raising
men ; said Danforth, instead of appearing with his arms like a
good soldier, he rode his horse round the companies in an insult
ing manner. And further saith not. Jonathan Warner." 2
'• I, Thomas Robinson of Hardwick in the County of Worces
ter, of lawful age, testify and say, that in the month of Novem
ber, 1774, being one of the Committee of the town of Hardwick
appointed to examine the constables concerning what pubUc mon
ies they had not paid in, Jonathan Danforth, being one of the
constables, refused to give any account to said Coramittee, which
refusal he repeated in public town-meeting ; upon which, being
1 Mass. Arch., ccxix. 458. 2 jbid., ccxix. 445.

CIVIL HISTORY. 103
told by the deponent that he must account for the monies as re
quired, or he should be given up to the people, he replied, ' damn
you all.' 1 In the spring of the year 1775, the whole militia be
ing together, consisting of divers companies, the said Danforth,
instead of bearing arms, rode amongst us, to the no small disturb
ance of the companies. Further saith not.
"Thomas Robinson.
" Quest, put by said Danforth to said Robinson, whether the
riding of said Danforth in the spring of the year 1775, among
the militia was before the Lexington Battle ? Ans. Yea." ^
" We, Elijah Warner and Denison Robinson, both of Hard
wick, being of lawful age, testify and say, that in the month of
February 1775, or thereabouts, being in Boston in company with
Daniel Warner, each of us having a team, the above named Dan
iel Warner was arrested by Harrisoli Gray, Esq., and, as we un
derstand, in consequence of Jonathan Danforth returning the
Province Warrant after the said Daniel Warner had given his re
ceipt thereon to said Danforth in behalf of the town ; the said
Danforth having been previously compelled by said town to pay
the outstanding money in his hands to Henry Gardner, Esq., or
give security to the town for the same, as directed by [the] Pro
vincial Congress. And further saith not.
"Elijah Warner,
Denison Robinson.
" Quest, put by the Committee to the above named persons :
How did you know that Daniel Warner was arrested on the re
ceipt on the Province Warrant ? Ans. Mr. Mclntire first in
formed us of the matter ; on which we went to the goal in Bos
ton, and there we found the said Warner in custody of an officer ;
and we the said Robinson and Elijah Warner gave our bonds for
said Daniel Warner, for his appearance at Court ; and said Rob-
1 Perhaps this was the time when some Being a man of giant form and strength,
individuals attempted to seize Mr. Dan- and known to be fearless an'd resolute, no
forth as he left the meeting-house. In- one cared to attack him; and he succeeded
stead of then "giving him up to the peo- at last in conveying his charge to a place
pie," Mr. Robinson caught him by the of greater security, and finally to his home
shoulder and conducted him to the pound, in safety. Mr. Danforth told me in his
which then stood ou the westerly side of old age, that he verily believed he should
the Common. He then addressed the have been killed at that time, if Mr. Rob-
multitude, endeavoring to persuade them inson had not protected him. This was
to disperse quietly; and at length as- probably the nearest approach to the exe-
sured them, that however much he dis- cution of " lynch-law," which occurred
approved the ofiending individual's con- in this town during that period of high
duct, he would not see him abused, but excitement.
would defend him to the last extremity. ^ Mass. Arch., ccxix. 453.

104 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
inson declares that he read the writ, and read thereon, ' Take no
Rebels for baU.' " i
" I, Stephen Gorham, of Hardwick in the County of Worcester,
of lawful age, testify and say, that, in the Fall of the year A.
Dom. 1774, after Jonathan Danforth was dismissed from being a
minute-man, he asked me if I was going to take up arms against
King George. I told him, yea, if he was going to fight against me.
Then said Danforth said, we should be all styled Rebels, and often
repeated it. And further saith not. Stephen Gorham." 2
" I, Ebenezer Lawrence, Jr., of Hardwick in the County of
Worcester, of lawful age, testify and say, in the year 1775, in
conversation about Bunker Hill Fight, he told me they would
have Cambridge within a month ; and said Danforth told me,
that if I was you, I would not stir one step to help ; and said
Danforth advised me to stay at home about my business. Fur
thermore saith not. Ebenezer Lawrence, Jr." *
" I, Job Dexter, of Hardwick in the County of Worcester, be
ing of lawful age, testify and say, that at a certain tirae, 1776, as
I was in conversation with Jonathan Danforth of said Hardwick,
and discoursing about secreting the estate of Richard Ruggles, he
said he was a damned fool for discovering to the Committee
where any thing of the said Richard Ruggles' estate was ; for
they had no more business with it than the Divil had. And fur
ther saith not. JoB Dexter.",*
" I, James Paige, of Hardwick, of lawful age, testify and say,
having in May, 1776, a considerable discourse with Jonathan
Danforth, he God-damned the Committee, and the Selectmen,
and the whole town, repeatedly. And further saith not.
" James Paige.
" Quest, put by said Danforth to said Paige : Did not you tell
me that the Committee would have my estate, if I did not be
have better ? Ans. I do not remember it now. Quest. Was I
in a passion when I discoursed with you ? Ans. Yes. Quest.
Did you ever hear me say any thing against any authority except
in the town of Hardwick? Ans. No." ^
After an examination of these and several other depositions of
like tenor, and a full consideration of the question at issue, the
1 Mass. Arch., ccxix. 447. not in the habit of using profane lan-
2 Ibid., ccxix. 456. guage (at least while I knew him), ex-
' Ibid., ccxix. 451. cept when he was " in a passion," under
* /iW., ccxix. 446. strong provocation. He made very famil-
6 Ibid., ccxix. 457. In justice to Mr. iar use, however, of the word devil, al-
Danforth it should be said that he was ways pronounced by him divil.

CIVIL HISTORY. 105
General Court, on the 9th of October, 1778, entered their deci
sion on record : —
" In the House of Representatives. Whereas it appears to
this Court that Jonathan Danforth, late of Hardwick (now of
Barre), since September, 1774, from time to time hath behaved
in a very insolent and abusive inanner towards the said town of
Hardwick, and especially towards the Committee of said town,
in their executing the duties of office, particularly in his unrea
sonable turbulent obstinacy in accounting for public monies in
his hands, when properly called thereto ; his endeavoring to con
ceal the goods and effects of persons fled to the enemy ; his dis
couraging and insulting speeches and behavior to and among the
good people of said town, when pursuing the orders of govern
ment, &c. ; which Une of conduct he continued till about July,
1776, when he, in a sudden and secret manner absconded, having
first secretly conveyed away his most valuable effects ; all which
gave the strongest presumptive evidence that he was actually fied
to the enemy, with others, his friends, that was known to be gone
thither. Under these circumstances the Committee of said town
proceeded agreeable to the Resolves of the General Court, and in
behalf of the Government took possession of his estates that could
be found, as a Refugee's estate. That, in about four or five
months after, said Danforth returned ; and without applying to
this Court for restoring his estates, taken as aforesaid, is harass
ing said Committee with expensive and perplexing law-suits, and
is threatening to bring many more, not only to their daraage, but
also to the disturbance of the good and liege people of this State.
Wherefore it is become absolutely necessary for this Court to
interpose in this matter :
" Therefore, Resolved, that the two actions brought by the
said Jonathan Danforth, one against Timothy Paige, for replevy
ing a quantity of tea, the other against Thoraas Robinson, for the
recovering of a certain house, clairaed by said Danforth, which
are mentioned in the petition of the Selectraen and Coraraittee of
the said town of Hardwick, addressed to this Court, and are now
pending in the Inferior Court of Common Pleas for the county
of Worcester, shall be, and they are hereby, declared utterly null
and void ; and all further proceedings thereon shall cease forever ;
and that the said Danforth shall be, and he hereby is, utterly dis
qualified and disabled forever from bringing any other action or
actions against said Committee, or either of them, or any other
person, either in his own name, or in the name of any other in

106 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
his behalf, for the recovery of damages done or supposed to be
done in consequence of the proceedings of said Committee or
town of Hardwick, dealing with him, the said Danforth, as a
person inimical to the common cause, without leave first had and
obtained from the General Court. And whereas it doth not
appear to this Court that the said Danforth has been guilty of
actually joining our unnatural enemies, or giving information to
or supplying them, but rather the contrary is supposed : there
fore. Resolved, that the said Committee be, and they hereby are,
directed and ordered to acquit and release to the said Danforth
all the estate by them taken as the estate of said Danforth, the
inventory whereof is lodged in the Secretary's office. In CouncU,
Read and concurred. Consented to by fifteen of the CouncU." i
This decision rendered substantial justice to both parties : it
justified the Coramittee, and protected them from further annoy
ance or harra ; on the other hand, while Mr. Danforth was held
to have deserved what he had already suffered, in consequence of
his intemperate and exasperating opposition to the patriotic move
ment, yet as he had not actually held correspondence with the
enemy, nor been guilty of any treasonable act, his liberty and
property were restored. He soon returned from Barre, and for
nearly half a century resided here in quietness and tranquillity,
perforraing faithfully the duties of a good and loyal citizen, and
enjoying the confidence and esteem of his townsmen. Yet he
never entirely forgot his early conflicts. A characteristic story
was related of hira by his pastor, the Rev. John Goldsbury. In
1831, when he was eighty-eight years old. Colonel Stephen Rice,
a member of the Revolutionary Committee of Correspondence,
died, at the age of ninety-five. Soon afterwards, Mr. Goldsbury
called on Mr. Danforth, who recounted some of his early trials
and sufferings. Araong other grievances, he said the Coramittee
of Correspondence prohibited him from leaving his own farm,
except to go to meeting on Sundays, and to attend funerals.
" One day," said he, " a meraber of the Committee informed me
there was to be a funeral, and inquired whether I wished to be
present ; I told hira I always liked to go to funerals, and I hoped
I might live to attend the funerals of the whole Committee ; and
I have done it ; I have seen every divil of them under ground ;
Rice was the last of thera."
^ Gen. Court Records, xxxviii. 673.

CHAPTER VIIL
CIVIL HISTORY.
Declaration of Independence recorded by the Town Clerk. — Paper Money. —
Heavy Taxes. — Financial Distress. — Stay Law. — Scale of Prices. — Abor
tive Attempts to make Paper equal with Gold. — Protest against a proposed
Bill for refunding the Public Debt. — Scale of Depreciation. — The Town
approves the Articles of Confederation of the United States, and almost
unanimously rejects a Form of Constitution proposed by the General Court.
— Eccentricities of the Town Clerk. — Delegates elected to a Constitutional
Convention. — The proposed Constitution accepted, but various Important
Amendments suggested. — Subsequent Constitutional Conventions.
Soon after the Declaration of Independence was adopted on
the memorable 4th of July, 1776, the Town Clerk entered a. full
copy on the Town Records, " to remain as a perpetual memorial
thereof." Thenceforth all professions of loyalty to the King, and
desire for an amicable agreement between Great Britain and her
colonies disappear from the Records. The last recorded warrant,
" in his Majesty's name," bears date February 25, 1775 ; no war
rants for the town-meetings, held April 24, July 5, and Septem
ber 28, of that year, are recorded. The warrants, dated May 15,
1775, and February 14, 1776, required the constable to warn the
inhabitants " agreeable to the Constitution," that is, the charter,
which was frequently so designated ; and that which was dated
September 26, 1776, demanded the same service " agreeable to
the government and people of this State." This is the earliest
instance of such use of the word "State," which I have discovered
on the Town Records. From this tirae the town promptly and
energetically bore its full share of the burdens assuraed by the
State, in the maintenance of national independence.
To defray the enormous expenses of the war, paper money was
issued by the several States and by the United States, which soon
depreciated in value, and which ultimately became valueless, and
was utterly repudiated. Heavy taxes were imposed by the State,
and burdensome debts assumed by the towns in addition to the

108 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
large sums raised by local taxation. General distress followed,
such as, a few years later, resulted in open rebellion. As early as
1776, " the people were so pressed with pubUc clairas, that they
were unable to meet private deraands. Laws were made for their
relief by suspending legal processes for the collection of debts.
The paper raoney depreciated ; and the soldiers and their faraiUes
suffered rauch by it. A committee was appointed to meet others
frora Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire, to adopt
measures for preventing the depreciation of the bills, and a spirit
of monopoly and speculation which prevailed , the comraittees
had two meetings, but it was found impossible to remedy the
evil." 1 Again, in March, 1777, it is said, "the expenses and
debts of the State were such, at this period, as to require another
large emission of paper, and a tax of .£100,000. The amount of
bills was i;i25,000 ; but these depreciated as soon as issued, and
the taxes were not easily collected. This was a time of very
great distress and suffering." ^ Among the " measures for pre
venting the depreciation of the bills " was one which had many
times before been unsuccessfully adopted ; namely, definite prices
were fixed for various kinds of labor and raerchandise, with the
hope that by such uniform prices the uniform purchasing value
of the bills raight be raaintained. The scale of prices prescribed
in Hardwick was very minute, and may seem tedious ; yet it is
not without interest, as exhibiting the various articles of traffic
and consumption, at that period, and their relative value. It
seems to have been adopted not long before March 17, 1777, on
which day the town granted nine shillings each to Thomas
Robinson and John Bradish, " for setting prices on articles in
this town."
" At a meeting of the Selectmen and Committee of Correspond
ence for the town of Hardwick, agreeable to an Act of the Great
and General Court respecting the stating and affixing prices upon
labor, victualUng, clothing, and other articles hereafter enumer
ated :
" Farming labor, from the 1=' of June to the 1^' of September, at
3s. per day ; from the 1^' of Sept. to the 1.5"^ of Nov., 2s. M. ;
from the IS''' of Nov. to the IS*'' of Mar., Is. 8d. ; frora the 15*
of Mar. to the 1'' of June, 2s. 4i. Carpenters' and house-joiners'
work, from the 1^' of April to the 1^' of Oct., 3s. 4d. ; from the
1'' of Oct. to the 1^* of April, 2s. Qd. Mill-wrights, frora the P'
of AprU to the 1*' of Oct., 4s. ; from the P' of Oct. to the 1" of
1 Bradford's Hist, of Mass., p. 273. 2 Hict., p. 275.

CIVIL HISTORY. 109
AprU, 3s. Masons' work, from the 1"' of March to the 1"« of Nov.
[Oct. ?J 3s. 8 ; from the P' of Oct. to the 1^' of April [Mar. ?J
2s. 8d. For shoeing a horse round, steeled toe and heel, 5s. id. ;
for plain shoeing of a horse, 4s. For shoeing a pair of oxen,
steeled toe and heel, 9s. For a falling axe, well steeled, 7s. Sd.
For a grass scythe, well steeled, 7s. Good plough-shares, well
steeled, lOd. per lb. For making good men's and women's shoes,
2s. IQd. per pair, and all other shoe-making in proportion.
Men's good neat-leather shoes, 8s. a pair. Women's good neat-
leather shoes, 6s. a pair. Men's Taylor's work at 2s. 2d. per
day ; women's do. Is. per day. For tanning raw hides, 2d. a lb.,
and skins in proportion. Good merchantable wheat, 6s. per
bushel. Good merchantable rye, 4s. per bushel. Good merchant
able Indian corn, 3s. Good merchantable oats, 2s. Good mer
chantable barley, 4s. Good barley malt, 4s. Good merchantable
beans and peas, 6s. Good merchantable Spanish potatoes. Is. in
the field, and Is. 6d. in the cellar. Good merchantable turnips,
8c?. Good onions, 4s. Good winter apples, 9d. Doctor's riding
in their office. Id. per raile. For weaving all-wool cloth, ell wide,
6d. per yard. For weaving tow cloth, yard wide, Ad. per yard ;
and all other weaving in proportion. For weaving coverlids of
the best kind, 6s. each, and other coverlids in proportion thereto.
Good fleece wool, 2s. per lb. ; and wool of an inferior kind in
proportion. Fresh pork, of the best kind, id. per lb. Grass-fed
beef of the best kind, 2d. Squ. per lb. Good well-fatted, stall-fed
beef, Sd. Squ. per lb. Salt pork, by the barrel, 220wt. in a bar
rel, £i. Is. Good salt beef, by the barrel, 240wt., £3. 9s. 6d.
Good salt pork, clear of bone, 7c?. per lb. Raw hides, Sd. per lb.
Raw calf skins, 6d. per lb. Good raerchantable imported salt,
15s. per bushel. Good salt, manufactured in this State, 17s. per
bushel. West India rum, by the hogshead, 7s. Sd. per gallon, in
cluding the hogshead. W. I. rum, by the barrel, 7s. 5d. per gal
lon, and by the single gallon, 8s. Sd. ; do. by the quart, 2s. Id. ;
do. by the pint. Is. Id. New England rum, by the hogshead or
barrel, exclusive of the cask, 4s. bd. ; do. by the single gallon, 5s.
Id. ; by the quart. Is. id. ; by the pint, Sd. Best Muscovado sugar,
9d. per lb., and 8d. 2qu. by the seven lb. ; and other sugar of an
inferior quality, in equal proportion. Best molasses, by the sin
gle gaUon, 4s. M. Best chocolate, Is. 10c?. per lb. Best new-milk
cheese, 6c?. per lb. Best butter, by the single pound, M. Best
men's yarn stockings, 6s. Best cotton-wool, 3s. 10c?. per lb. Good,
clean, well-dressed flax, Is. Good coffee, Is. Qd. Good tried

110 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
tallow, 5c?. per lb. Good yard-wide tow cloth, 2s. Sd. per yard,
and all other tow cloth in proportion to its width and quality.
Good yard-wide striped flannel, 3s. 6c?., and all other flannels in
proportion. Good aH-wool men's wear, wove ell, 9s. per yard,
well fulled and sheared. Good charcoal, 2d. 2qu. per bushel.
Good yard-wide cotton and Unen cloth, 4s., and other cotton
and linen cloth of an inferior quaUty in proportion. Good lamb
and mutton, 3c?. per lb. Good veal, 2d. 2qu. per lb. Good mer
chantable wheat flour, £1. Is. per hundred wt. For keeping a
horse one night, or twelve hours, 10c?., on good English hay. For
the best of English hay, Is. 8c?. per cwt. For keeping a pair of
oxen one night. Is. For turkeys, dung-hill fowls, and ducks, 4c?.
per lb. For geese, 3c?. per lb. Good refined iron, 50s. per cwt.
Good bloomery iron, 30s. per cwt., at the place of raanufactory.
Teaming work. Is. 6c?. for every ton weight per mile, excepting
from Northampton to the Northern Array, for which may be
taken 2s. per mile for each ton weight. Good new milk in the
winter season, 2 coppers per quart; in the summer season, 2 cop
pers per quart.^ A dinner of comraon meat-victuals, and proper
sauce and other conveniences, 8c?. For a dinner, two dishes,
roast and boiled, 10c?. For a supper of comraon meat-victuals,
and a breakfast, 8c?. For a supper or breakfast of milk, 4c?. For
a night's lodging, 3c?. For a mug of good West India flip, lie?. ;
do. of N. E. rum, 9c?. W. I. rum, by the half pint, 8c?. ; by the
gill, 4c?. F'or a raess of oats, 2 quarts in a mess, 3c?. N. E. rum,
by the half pint, 6c?., by the gill, 3c?. Good cider, 2c?. 2qu. by
the rang. Good merchantable cider-barrels, 3s. 6d. each, with
split ash hoops. Good raerchantable pails, with locked hoops, 2s.
each, and all other cooper-work in the same proportion. Ox-work
in the summer season. Is. 6c?. per day ; do. in the winter, is.
Horse-hire, 2d. per mile. For pasturing a horse. Is. 6d. per
week. For pasturing a yoke of oxen, 2s. 4c?. per week ; do. for
a cow, lOc^. per week. For keeping a cow in winter, Is. 8c?. per
week. For a man's day's work, with four oxen and cart, 7s. per
day. For keeping a horse in the winter season 3s. per week.
For keeping a yoke of oxen, in the winter "season, 4s. per week.
For a bushel of flax-seed, clear of foul seed, 6s. For a thousand
of good raerchantable bricks, 18s. per thousand. Good merchant
able shingles, 12s. per thousand. Good merchantable men's sad
dles, £2. 14s. each. Good merchantable women's saddles, deer's-
leather or plush seat, £S. 12s. Good bridles, made of neat's
1 Probably one of these figures is an error.

CIVIL HISTORY. Ill
leather, 6s. each Good broad hoes, 3s. 6c?. Linen wheels, 16s.
each. Woolen wheels, 7s. For boarding a common laboring
man, 6s. per week. White pine boards of the best kind, £S. per
thousand. Common yellow pine boards, £1. 6s. 8c?. per thou
sand. For making a pair of good cart wheels, 33s. For boarding
colliers and furnace-men, 7s. per week. For floor-boards of the
best kind, £1. 12s. per thousand. For oak and chestnut boards,
and comraon slit-work, £1. is. per thousand. Men's labor, by
the year, £19. Bohea tea, 4s. 6c?. per lb. Good shovels, 4s.
each. Good sole leather. Is. 3c?. per lb. Curried leather, in
usual proportion to tanned hides."
Notwithstanding this effort to sustain it, the value of paper
money continued to depreciate, and larger sums were required in
exchange for labor and for the necessaries of life.^ A law was
subsequently enacted, imposing a heavy penalty on any person
who should demand or receive a higher price in bills of credit
than in gold or silver for his merchandise ; but this measure was
equally unsuccessful. Before proceeding to this extremity, how
ever, the General Court, on the 13th of October, 1777, passed
" An Act for drawing in the bills of credit of the several denom
inations, not on interest, which have at any time been issued by
this Government, and are still outstanding, and for prohibiting
the currency of said bills and the bills of any one of the United
States after a certain time.
" Whereas, many inconveniences have arisen from the fre
quent and large suras of money and the various kinds, emitted
for carrying on the present war, and it has become necessary for
the welfare of this State that the whole sura, not on interest, now
outstanding in bills of credit emitted by this State, small change
of less than a dollar only excepted, should be called in and sunk,
by exchanging them for Treasurer's notes for sums not less than
ten pounds, on interest, to be paid annually, at the rate of six
per cent per annum.
" Be it therefore enacted by the Council and House of Repre
sentatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of
the same. That the Treasurer of the State be and hereby is
authorized and empowered to receive into the public Treasury
the whole and every part and parcel of the bUls of public credit
emitted by this State, not on interest, (sraall change, less than a
1 During the recent civil war, a similar the Union, hut strikingly parallel in the
difficulty was experienced ; far less severe, Confederate States.
indeed, among those who were loyal to

112 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
dollar only excepted), and in lieu thereof to give to the possessor
or possessors his note or obligation for any sum not less than ten
pounds, until he shall have exchanged or redeemed the sum of
two hundred and fifty thousand pounds, in the form following,"
[namely, a note, payable March 1, 1781], " and for the remaining
sura now outstanding as aforesaid, his note or obligation, in the
form following," [namely, a note payable March 1, 1782. Pro
vision was made for the payment of these notes by taxes to be
reasonably assessed.]
" And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid. That
the possessor and possessors of the bills of public credit of this
State are hereby called upon and directed to bring the same to
the Treasurer on or before the first day of January, 1778, from
whora they shall be entitled to receive in exchange for all such
bills, so delivered in, a Treasurer's note as aforesaid, for any sum
not less than ten pounds, upon interest at the rate of six per
cent per annum, which interest shall be paid annually.
" And for the raore speedy accoraplishing the good intentions
of this Act, and preventing the evils arising frora large emissions
of various kinds of bills, — Be it further enacted by the authority
aforesaid. That if the possessor or possessors of said bills shall
neglect to offer the same to be exchanged by the said first day of
January, 1778, all right or claim to the redemption or exchange
of said bills shall cease and deterraine.
" And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid. That
if any person or persons within this State shall offer to pass, after
the first day of December next, in "any kind of payraent what
soever, any of the bUls of pubUc credit eraitted by this or any of
the United States, except bills on interest emitted by this State,
and such as are under the denomination of one dollar, every per
son so offering or passing any such bill shall forfeit and pay for
each offence the sum of five pounds," etc. Provision was made
for extension of time to constables, or collectors of taxes, and
to soldiers serving in the army.^
This method of funding the public debt, strongly resembling a
forced loan, and withdrawing suddenly nearly the entire currency
of the country, drew from the inhabitants of Hardwick almost
the only protest to be found on their Records against the pro
ceedings of the General Court, during tlie Revolutionary period.
At a town-meeting, November 24, 1777, a committee, consisting
1 General Court Records, xxxviii. Ul. Laws of Massachusetts from July, 1775, to
October, 1780, p. 142.

CIVIL HISTORY. • 113
of Joseph Allen, William Paige, and David Allen, reported a
remonstrance, which was adopted : —
" State of Massachusetts Bay. To the honorable the Council
and House of Representatives in General Court assembled. A
remonstrance and petition of the town of Hardwick, regularly
assembled. Taking into consideration the late Act made for
calling in all the bills of public credit of this State not on interest,
so sudden, and putting them on interest (excepting those that
are under a dollar), this town look upon said Act to be attended
with many grievances, considering the circumstances of the pub
lic affairs at this day, which necessarily raises the public charges
exceeding high, had there been no vile oppressors risen up, whose
covetous and sordid measures have alraost doubled the same, by
which multitudes of the poorer sort of people have been and will
be reduced to poverty. (1.) To us it appears the manner of call
ing in said bills puts another great advantage into the hands of
men, who of all others should be guarded against ; for these very
men have taken advantage of the times, and engrossed by cruel
oppression great estates, and many of them from little or nothing ;
and instead of suffering by this sore expensive war, rise upon
the ruins of their feUow-men. (2.) It appears to us very extraor
dinary, when the bills are emitted for various suras, promising
to receive them into the treasury for the sums specified, and now
declare they will not receive them, unless to the amount of ten
pounds. Where then is the public faith ? (3.) We look upon
it cruel and oppressive, when compared with former acts which
made the money a lawful tender till the last instant, and the
next day a fine to offer it ; and the possessor who is then obliged
to take it is exposed to have it die in his hands. Therefore, for
these and other reasons which may be given, we see no way how
the greater part of the poorer sort of people will ever be able to
pay their public charges. We well remember what cruel and
oppressive acts has been endeavored to be enforced on the good
people of these United States, by the King and Parliament of
Great Britain ; but we hope and trust we never shall be oppressed
in like kind by our own Legislature. Therefore we bear our tes
timony against said Act, and desire a speedy repeal thereof. As
in duty bound shall ever pray."
Similar remonstrances from other towns were presented ; and
the General Court yielded so far to the public demand as to
postpone the time at which bills of credit should be repudiated,
if not offered in exchange for treasury notes, to April 1, and

114

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

again to June 1, and a third time to December 1, 1778.^ StUI,
the value of paper-money continued to depreciate. Once more
an effort was made to check the evil, by a general establishment
of prices. A convention for that purpose assembled at Concord
in October, 1779, at which Timothy Paige was a delegate from
Hardwick. A scale of prices was adopted, and the people were
exhorted to conform to it in all their pecuniary transactions.
But this experiment, like all others of the kind, proved ineffect
ual ; all whose income was a fixed sum, like the clergy, and the
officers and soldiers in the army, suffered severely ; and the whole
comraunity shared in the suffering. No man knew, when he re
ceived paper-money, whether he could dispose of it at half its
present rate. It depreciated so rapidly ^ that it was almost im
possible for even the iraagination to keep pace with it. Some
idea of the magnitude of this evil may be formed from a vote of
the town, July 28, 1780 : " Voted, to give to each soldier, one
thousand pounds, which is esteemed equal to twelve pounds in
silver money." One dollar in silver was equal in value to eighty-
three dollars and thirty-three cents in paper.
During this period of sore financial distress, in addition to the
unavoidable anxieties and calamities of war, an attempt was
made to establish a firra and stable government, in place of that
which had been violently overturned. The delegates of the sev
eral colonies agreed on articles of confederation and union, the
more effectually to protect themselves against the comraon enemy,
and subraitted the same to their constituents for approval. At

^ Laws of Mass., 1775 to 1780, pp. 149,
169,183. ^ The rate of depreciation is exhibited
jn 'Sell's Massachusetts Currency, p. 196.
" Massachusetts Scale of Depreciation
agreeably to a Law of the State for the
settling of contracts, both public and pri
vate, made on and since the first day of
January, 1777; one hundred dollars in
gold and silver in January, 1777, being

July,

125

425

1,477

August,

150

450

1,630

September,

175

475

1,800

October,

275

500

2,030

November,

300

543

2,308

December,

310

634

2,593

"From April 1, 1780, to April 20, one
Spanish milled dollar was equal to forty
of the old emission.

equal to one

hundi

red and

five dol

lars in

April 25,

42

June 20,

69

the bills of credit of the United States.

April 30,

44

August 15,

70

May 5,
46
September 10,
71
1777.
1778.
1779.
1780.
May 10,
47
October 15,
72
January,
105
325
742
2,934
May 15,
49
November 10,
73
February,
107
350
868
3,322
May 20,
54
November 30,
74
March,
109
375
1,000
3,736
May 27,
60
April,
112
400
1,104
4,000
May.SOj
62
1781.
May,
115
400
1,125
June 10,
64
February 27,
75"
June,
120
400
1,342
Junel5j
,68
CIVIL HISTORY. 115
a town-meeting, January 12, 1778, " after reading the Articles
of Confederation and perpetual Union of the United States of
America, the town voted, unanimously, to give their Representa
tives of the Great and General Court instructions to vote to con
firm the same."
At about the same time the General Court resolved itself into
a Constitutional Convention, and prepared a Constitution for
Massachusetts ; this, however, did not meet the popular ap
proval, but was rejected by a decisive vote. In this town, the
inhabitants met, April 6, 1778, " to hear a Constitution and Form
of Government read, for the State of Massachusetts Bay, agreed
upon by the Convention of the State, Feb. 28, 1778, to be laid
before the several towns and plantations in said State for their
approbation or disapprobation." At an adjournment of this
meeting, April 20, 1778, the proposed Constitution was referred
to a committee, and it was " voted to adjourn this raeeting to
Monday the 11''' day of May next at 2 o'clock afternoon, and
met accordingly, and proceeded as follows. (1.) Accepted the
report of the committee by a great majority. (2.) A motion
was made to have the whole Constitution put to vote, all at a
lurap ; ^ it was accordingly done, and passed in the negative. (3.)
Voted, that the report of the Coramittee should be sent to the
General Assembly by the Town Clerk. N° of voters at said raeet
ing, 156 ; N° of voters for said Constitution, 16 ; N"? of voters
against it, 140."
This first effort having failed, the General Court passed a Re
solve, February 19, 1779, requiring the several towns to deter
mine " whether they choose, at this time, to have a new Consti
tution or form of Government made," and " whether they will
empower their Representatives for the next year to vote for the
caUing a State Convention, for the sole purpose of forraing a new
Constitution." At a town-meeting, May 11, 1779, to act on these
1 The town clerk, Sylvanus Wash- . . . and to make report to the town as
burn, often used great latitude of ex- soon as may be, for their acceptance."
pression in his records, of which this is On the next day, " the above committee
one instance. Another occurs under date laid before the town a scandalous peti-
of March 6, 1780, when the town met " to tion, and it was put to vote to see if the
see in what manner the town will consider town would accept of said petition, and it
a request to us presented by a respectable passed in the negative." To this record
number of the inhabitants of this town the clerk added a marginal note : " a ri-
concerning a late Tax Act of the 13th ef diculous article in the warrant, that cost
December, 1779." "Voted to choose a the town a whole day to act upon it."
Committee to draught a petition to send Other specimens of Mr. Washburn's offl-
to the General Court, praying that the cial humor may he found under dates of
time of payment might be lengthened, June 14, 1780, and March 5, 1787.

116 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
questions, the record is, " N» of voters at said meeting 81, and all
voted in the affirmative." A large majority of voters in the State
expressed the same desire, and the General Court directed that
delegates should be elected in the several towns to meet in Con
vention. This town elected William Paige, Jonathan Warner,
and John Hastings. The Convention met at Cambridge, Septera
ber 1, 1779, and continued in session, by several adjournments,
untU March 2, 1780, when having agreed on a Constitution, it
was " Resolved that this Convention be adjourned to the first
Wednesday in June next, to meet at Boston." It was ordered
that printed " copies of the Form of Government " be sent to
every town and plantation, and " if the major part of the inhabit
ants of the said towns and plantations disapprove of any particu
lar part of the same, that they be desired to state their objections
distinctly, and the reasons therefor." The selectmen were re
quested to make return of the result on the first Wednesday in
June ; and it was " Resolved, that the towns and plantations
through this State have a right to choose other delegates, instead
of the present members, to meet in Convention on the first
Wednesday in June next, if they see fit." ^ The Convention re
assembled June 7, 1780, and reraained in session until the 16th
of the sarae month, when it was finally dissolved.
The town held four meetings, May 1, 8, 22, and 25, 1780, to
act on the proposed Constitution. At the second meeting, it was
" voted that there be np Governor appointed, by a majority 'of 27
against 15." At the third meeting, it was " voted, that if there
be a Governor, that he be of the Christian Protestant Religion,"
instead of " the Christian Religion." At the fourth meeting, a
committee, consisting of Joseph Allen, William Paige, Aaron
Barlow, Thomas Robinson, and John Sellon, submitted a report,
embracing several amendments to objectionable articles, with the
reasons therefor ; which report, with the proposed amendments,
was accepted by a vote of 40 against 2. Some of the objections
and amendments were as follows : —
" In the BiU of Rights, Article I, page 7, objected to and
amended : it reads thus, — ' All men are born free and equal, &c.,
amended, — ' All men, whites and blacks, are born free and
equal,' &c. ; Reason : lest it should be misconstrued hereafter, in
such a manner as to exclude blacks." 2 Article III. " Voted, That
a person that does not attend the pubUc worship of God at any
1 Journal of Convention, pp. 168, 169. 2 This question was decided by 68 yeas
against 10 nays.

CIVIL HISTORY. 117
place ought not to be taxed in the place where he lives. Every
other article in the Declaration of Rights approved."
Article 1, page 15, objected to, because the two branches have
a negative on each other ; whereas it ought to be but for a given
time, and at the expiration of said time, if non-agreed, that both
houses meet, and by a majority decide the controversy."
" Article 2, objected to, because the majority of the court can't
make a law, without being exposed to a negative by the Gov
ernor." The qualification of voters was objected to, " because every
male, being twenty-one years of age, must have an annual in
come of three pounds, or an estate worth sixty pounds, to be
qualified to vote for a senator. Reason : That every male, being
twenty-one years of age, ought to vote in all cases."
The mode of filling vacancies in the senate objected to : " Rea
son : The persons having the highest number of votes in the Dis
trict ought to be the men."
The office of Governor was disapproved : " Provided, neverthe
less, that if the inhabitants of this State shall see meet to choose
a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and CouncU, they should by no
means have power over the militia ; but the railitia shall be
under the order and direction of the General Court ; and that
they or either of them shall not prorogue, adjourn, nor dissolve
the General Court without their request ; and that they by no
means appoint any officers, either civil, judicial, or military."
It was further recommended by the committee, and the town
voted its approval, to wit : —
" That the power of pardon always be in the hands of the Leg
islature :
" That the Justices of the Superior Court be appointed by the
General Court :
" That the Justices of the Inferior Court be chosen by the peo
ple of their county, as the Registers now are :
" That all Justices of the Peace shall be chosen annually by the
people in each town in which they dwell, by ballot :
" That the Register of Deeds for each town in this State be
annually chosen by ballot :
" That the Judges of Probate for each town in this State be
annually chosen by the people of each town, by ballot, to serve
in that town only : ^
1 June 5, 1780. The town proposed a should be divided into proper districts . . .
different amendment, " that each county because some counties are so large that by

118 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
" That the captains and subalterns of the militia shall be elected
by written votes of the alarm list and training band of their re
spective companies, of twenty-one years of age and upwards :
" That the colonels and majors be chosen by their respective
regiments, the brigadiers and brigade majors by their respective
brigades, the adjutants and quarter-masters by their respective
regiraents, by ballot."
Acting upon the suggestion of the Convention before mentioned,
the town now " voted to dismiss the former delegates to the Con
vention, and dismissed them accordingly ; and voted to choose
one man to attend said Convention on the first Wednesday in
June next, to be held in Boston, and made choice of Deac. Wil
liam Paige for said delegate." ^
Sorae of these proposed amendments were subsequently
adopted, — such as universal suffrage, and election by plurality
of votes. In the Declaration of Rights, the first article was
interpreted to secure the freedom of the " blacks " in this State,
nearly a century before universal emancipation resulted from a
desperate attempt to extend and perpetuate the institution of
slavery ; and the proposed amendment of the Third Article was
adopted in 1833, since which time the maintenance of public
worship has been voluntary, not compulsory. So far, the inhab
itants of Hardwick were somewhat in advance of the age. In
sorae other respects, they exhibited that excessive love of liberty
which is unwilling to submit to any restraint, or to give the
government sufficient power to execute its proper functions.
The same spirit was manifested by a majority of the people here,
as in almost all the towns in the western counties of the State,
during the stormy period which followed ; and in 1788 it nearly
prevented the adoption by Massachusetts of the Constitution of
the United States, because it was supposed to invest the general
government with too much power.^
reason of time and cost in travelling and ^ The town voted, August 21, 1820,
attendance in the settling of estates, wid- "that it was expedient that Delegates
ows and orphans are put to great expense should be chosen to meet in Convention
which might be lessened by the proposed for the purpose of revising or altering the
amendment." Constitution of government of this Com-
1 June 14, 1780. The town modified monwealth;" and on the 16th of the
its action in regard to delegates, as quaint- following October, Timothy Paige, Esq.,
ly expressed by the town clerk : " Voted, and Dr. Joseph Stone were elected dele-
that the town does approve of Brig'r Jon- gates. Four unsuccessful ballots were
athan Warner as their delegate at the taken March 7, 1853, for the election of
Convention ; also voted, that the Hon"" Delegates to the Constitutional Conven-
William Paige be considered as a member tion which met in that year, and the town
in full communion of said convention." was not represented therein.

CHAPTER IX.
CIVIL HISTORY.
The Shays Insurrection. — Public and Private Debts Excessive. — Debtors
become Desperate, and forcibly resist Payment. — Demagogues stimulate
the Popular Discontent, which results in Open Rebellion. — The Town
proposes a Convention at Worcester in 1782, and elects Delegates. — Con
ventions in 1786. — Grievances. — General Warner discharges one of his
Aids, on Suspicion of Disloyalty : he promptly responds to the Governor's
Order for the Protection of the Courts at Worcester, but is unable to rally
a Sufficient Force. — The Courts prevented from sitting at Worcester and
Springfield in September and again in December. — Troops raised by En
listment. — Hardwick Company. — Attack on the Arsenal at Springfield. —
Defeat of Shays : he is pursued by Lincoln, in a Terrible Night's March
from Hadley to Petersham, where the Insurgents are utterly routed. —
Oath of Allegiance taken by many Hardwick Men. — Some of the More
Active Partisans abscond. — One of the Most Prominent is arrested, con
victed of Treason, and sentenced to be hung; but is fully pardoned, and
receives Tokens of Public Approbation. — Other Pardons. — The Shays
Cause Popular, having a Majority in Hardwick, and generally through
out the Western Counties ; even in the House of Representatives a Ma
jority favor it. — Its Advocates afterwards become Good Citizens, but never
Friendly to a Strong Government.
The Constitution was adopted by the requisite majority of
citizens, but this did not relieve their financial distress ; on the
contrary, it was aggravated by the legal machinery thus provided
to enforce the payment of public and private debts which had
long been held in abeyance. The result was a forcible resistance
to the constituted government, which, from the narae of a prom
inent leader, was called the " Shays Insurrection," or " Rebel
lion." Its immediate cause is succinctly stated by its historian : —
" The citizens were then left free indeed, and in full possession
of the valuable objects which they had fought to obtain. But
the price of those objects was high, and could not but be attended
with the usual consequences of great exertions, when founded on
the anticipation of public resources. Their private state debt,
when consolidated, amounted to upwards of 1,300,000£., besides
250,000£., due to the officers and soldiers in their line of the

120 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
army. Their proportion of the federal debt was not less, by a
moderate computation, than one mUUon and a half of the same
money .1 And in addition to this, every town was embarrassed
by advances which they had made, to comply with repeated
requisitions for men and supplies to support the army, and which
had been done upon their own particular credit. The weight of
this burden must strike us in a strong point of view, if we com
pare it with the debt before the war, which fell short of 100,000£.,
and with still more force, perhaps, if we consider that by the cus
tomary mode of taxation, one third part of the whole was to
be paid by the ratable polls alone, which but little exceeded
ninety thousand.^ True it is, that a recollection of the blessings
which this debt had purchased must have operated, in the minds
of a magnanimous people, to alleviate every inconvenience arising
from such a cause ; but embarrassments followed which no con
siderations of that nature could be expected to obviate." ^
In this eraergency, the people very naturally resorted to those
agencies which proved so effectual in the Revolutionary period, —
town- meetings, namely, and county conventions. These assem
blies, like those of the former period, found more and more
grievances as they sought relief from the principal burden. The
government removed some of these alleged grievances by legis
lative enactment, and uniformly manifested a forbearing and
forgiving spirit. The public discontent, nevertheless, increased,
being fomented and stimulated by political demagogues, until it
culminated in absolute rebellion and resort to arras. After the
rebellion was overpowered by superior military force, some of the
persons who had been actively engaged in the field became fugi
tives from justice, and fled from the State ; the large majority of
them received a full pardon, on surrendering their arms and
taking the oath of allegiance; a small number were fined, or
imprisoned, or both ; and a few of the leaders were convicted of
treason and sentenced to be hung, but not one of the nuraber
was executed for the crime of treason only. I do not propose to
recite all the details of this unhappy conflict ; but some of the
1 Amounting, exclusive of town and tion of the people were hopelessly in-
private debts, Jo £3,050,000, equal to debted to their fellow-citizens, who were
$10,166,666. becoming clamorous for payment and at-
2 The whole was more than a hundred tempting to enforce it by legal process,
and thirteen dollars for each tax-payer, involving heavy costs.
and one third was almost forty dollars s Mmot's Hist, of Insurrections, etc., pp.
for each ratable poll. In addition to 5, 6.
this enormous public debt, a large por-

CIVIL HISTORY. 121
events, in which this town or its individual inhabitants had an
active agency, should be mentioned.
The first trace of opposition to the due course of law, which
appears on our records, is found under date of January 8, 1782,
when, upon petition of sundry persons "with regard to the
numerous law-suits that are or may be commenced,^ — fearing
that the dangerous consequences thereof, unless some measures be
speedily adopted to prevent it, will reduce us to poverty and
distress," the town " Voted to address the General Assembly on
the subject," and chose WilUam Paige, Ebenezer Washburn, and
Daniel Warner, to prepare the address. Two months later,
what seems to be the initial movement for a county convention
had its origin here, to wit : The town met March 4, 1782, under
a warrant " to take into consideration a petition which is as fol
lows : the petitioners taking into consideration our public affairs,
and the great demands from the public for money by taxation,
and the multiplicity of law-suits, and a scarcity of money, which
renders it entirely out of the power of the good people of this
State to comply with the above demands, they therefore desire
that a town-meeting be called, to consider the articles following :
1. To see if the town will choose a coramittee, to write circular
letters to other towns in the county of Worcester, to meet in
convention, in the town of Worcester, at the house of Mr. Brown,
innholder in said Worcester, and choose a meraber or merabers
for said convention. 2. To see if the town will petition the
General Court for a redress of grievances." The town " voted
to choose a committee to write circular letters to the other towns
in this county, agreeable to the warrant, and made choice of
Ichabod Dexter, Col. Winslow,^ and David Allen, for said com
mittee. Voted to adjourn to the 18*'' of March, at one o'clock
afternoon, and then met and chose Capt. Ichabod Dexter, Capt.
Daniel Egery, and Nathaniel Haskell, members to meet in con
vention at Worcester on the second Tuesday of April next."
Apparently in response to this invitation, " on the 14*" of
April of that year, the delegates of twenty-six towns of the
county assembled in convention, and attributing the prevailing
dissatisfaction of the people to want of confidence in the disburse-
1 This grievance increased rapidly, the general difficulties drove away pur-
"In 1784, more than 2,000 actions were chasers." Lincoln's Hist, of Worcester,
entered in the County of Worcester, then p. 131 .
having a population less than 50,000, and " I am unable to identify this person
in 1785, about 1,700. Lands and goods satisfactorily.
were seized and sacrificed on sale, when

122 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
ment of the great sums of money annually assessed, recoraraended
instructions to the representatives to require immediate settle
ment with all public officers entrusted with the funds of the Com
monwealth; and if the adjustment was delayed or refused, to
withdraw from the General Court and return to their constitu
ents ; to reduce the compensation of the members of the House,
and the fees of lawyers ; to procure sessions of the Court of Pro
bate in different places in the County ; the revival of confessions
of debt; enlargeraent of the jurisdiction of justices of the peace
to £20; contribution to the support of the continental army
in specific articles instead of money ; and the settlement of ac
counts between the Comraonwealth and Congress. At an ad
journed session. May 14, they further recommended, that account
of the public expenditures should be annually rendered to the
towns ; the removal of the General Court from Boston ; separa
tion of the business of the Common Pleas and Sessions, and in
quiry into the grants of lands in Maine in favor of Alexander
Shepherd and others." ^ The convention then adjourned until
August ; and July 1, 1782, on the question " whether the town
will join any further in the county convention, which now stands
adjourned in the town of Worcester," it was "voted that they
look upon it expedient that they join further in the abovesaid
county convention." At the appointed time, however, very few
delegates assembled, and the convention was dissolved without
further action.
The measures adopted by the General Court produced tempo
rary quiet. No further disturbance occurred in this county for
nearly four years, except that a convention met in 1784, at the
request of the town of Sutton, in which, however, it does not ap
pear that Hardwick was represented. This convention was com
paratively orderly, but prepared a formidable list of grievances,
in the forra of a petition to the General Court. Early in 1786
the agitation was recoramenced, with additional energy. The first
concerted action of this town, which appears on the record, bears
date January 25, 1786. Under a warrant " to see if the town
will give their Representative some instructions with regard to
the present difficulty that the inhabitants of the Commonwealth
labor under, for the want of a circulating medium, that he use his
influence in the General Court that some mode might be adopted
for their reUef," it was " Voted, to instruct their Representative to
use his influence in the General Court to have a Bank of Paper
1 Lincoln's Hist, of Worcester, p. 132.

CIVIL HISTORY. 123
emitted, and chose a committee for that purpose, viz., Capt. John
Hastings, Capt. Ichabod Dexter, David Allen, Thomas Wheeler,
and Deac. William Paige."
" The want of a circulating medium," or the lack of money,
for the payment of debts and taxes, was the most pressing bur
den which then rested on the people ; and how to remove it was
the problem to be solved. Hardwick recommended the issue of
paper money by the government. Other towns expressed the
same desire. Resort was had to county conventions, by which
the list of grievances was rapidly enlarged, and the measures
proposed for relief were multiplied. The historian of the Insur
rection selects one of those conventions, as presenting probably a
more full statement of the whole difficulty than is elsewhere to
be found : —
" At a meeting of delegates from fifty towns in the county of
Hampshire, in convention held at Hatfield in said county, on
Tuesday the 22* day of August instant [1786], and continued by
adjournments to the twenty-fifth, &c. Voted, that this meeting
is constitutional. The convention from a thorough conviction of
great uneasiness subsisting among the people of this county and
Commonwealth, then went into an inquiry for the cause ; and,
upon mature consideration, deliberation, and debate, were of
opinion that many grievances and unnecessary burdens, now ly
ing upon the people, are the sources of that discontent so evi
dently discoverable throughout this Commonwealth. Among
which the following articles were voted as such, viz. (1.) The
existence of the Senate. (2.) The present mode of representa
tion. (3.) The officers of government not being annually de
pendent on the representatives of the people, in General Court
assembled, for their salaries. (4.) All the civil officers of gov
ernment not being annually elected by the representatives of the
people in General Court assembled. (5.) The existence of the
Courts of Comraon Pleas and General Sessions of the Peace.
(6.) The fee table, as it now stands. (7.) The present mode of
appropriating the impost and excise. (8.) The unreasonable
grants made to some of the officers of government. (9.) The
supplementary aid. (10.) The present mode of paying the gov
ernmental securities. (11.) The present mode adopted for the
payment and speedy collection of the last tax. (12.) The pres
ent mode of taxation, as it operates unequaUy between the polls
and estates, and between landed and mercantile interests. (13.)
The present method of practice of the attornies at law. (14.)

124 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
The want of a sufficient medium of trade, to remedy the mischiefs
arising from the scarcity of money. (15.) The General Court sit
ting in the town of Boston. (16.) The present embarrassments
on the press. (17.) The neglect of the settlement of important
matters depending between the Commonwealth and Congress, re
lating to monies and averages. (18.) Voted, that this conven
tion recommend to the several towns in this county, that they
instruct their representatives to use their influence in the next
General Court to have emitted a bank of paper money, subject
to a 'depreciation ; ^ making it a tender in all payments, equal to
silver and gold, to be issued in order to call in the Comraon-
wealth's securities. (19.) Voted, that whereas several of the
above articles of grievances arise from defects in the constitution,
therefore a revision of the same ought to take place. (20.)
Voted, that it be recoraraended by this convention to the several
towns in this county, that they petition the Governor to call the
General Court immediately together, in order that the other
grievances complained of may by the legislature be redressed.
(21.) Voted, that this convention recommend it to the inhabit
ants of this county, that they abstain from all mobs and unlaw
ful assemblies until a constitutional method of redress can be ob
tained." 2 Votes were also passed directing the transmission of
these proceedings to the county conventions of Worcester and
Berkshire, and " to the press in Springfield for publication ; " and»
also directing the chairman to call another county convention, if
he should consider it expedient.^
One week earlier, August 15, 1786, a similar convention met
in Worcester, by adjournment from the previous May, which
enumerated a similar Ust of grievances, and further adjourned to
the last Tuesday in September. I find no record that Hardwick
elected a delegate to this convention ; but it seems evident that
one of its members was Major Martin Kinsley, an aid-de-carap
of Major-General Warner ; for, at a meeting. May 16, 1787, the
town " voted to Mr. Kinsley for his attendance at the county
1 " A more exact idea of this hopeful culating medium " having no permanent
financial scheme will be found from the value, is almost an hundred years old.
action of Conway, which, on the 24th of " Whether this recommendation was
October, ' instructed its representative in honest or deceptive, it was followed with-
the General Court to use his influence to in a week by a " mob or unlawful assem-
have a bank of paper currency emitted bly" at Northampton, which effectually
that should sink one penny a pound per prevented the regular action of the Courts
month!'" Hist, of Pittsfeld, i. 398. of Common Pleas and Sessions
The plan of paying honest debts by a " cir- « Miuofs Hist, of Insurrections, pp. 33-

CIVIL HISTORY. 125
convention, last faU, the sum of £2. 17. 5." Probably this indica
tion of disloyalty to the government induced General Warner to
remove him from office,^ and to appoint in his stead Captain
Artemas Howe of New Braintree, who was commissioned aid-de
camp August 28, 1786. The change was not made too soon ;
for within a few days the General had need of aids in whose
fidelity he could implicitly confide. In anticipation of the out
break at Worcester, he received this official order : —
" Boston, September 2*, 1786. Sir, I have received information
that the Court of Common Pleas and Court of General Sessions
of the Peace have, by a large concourse of people, in a riotous
and tumultuous manner, been prevented from setting at North
ampton, in the county of Hampshire, on the day appointed by
law for that purpose. It is possible some people, not considering
the great crirainality and dangerous consequences of such un
warrantable proceedings, may attempt to prevent the Court
setting at Worcester on the fifth instant. It is of the utmost
importance that every lawful exertion should be made by every
friend to the present Constitution of Government to suppress all
such riotous proceedings. You are therefore hereby directed to
aid the Sheriff of the county of Worcester, if he should request
it, by furnishing him with such a number of the militia belonging
to your Division as he may judge sufficient to suppress any such
1 Three months later. Major Kinsley disputation within this county, and as I
published au appeal to the public, of have not only not had the usual formality
which it does not appear that General of a court martial, but have even been
Warner took any notice whatever : — kept in the secret for (I suppose) some
" To the impartial public. As it is a mat- months since his son-in-law has been
ter of public notoriety that I have lately commissioned, and finally have come to
been superseded in the office of aid-de- the knowledge of it only by common re-
camp to the Hon. General Warner, with- port, I take the liberty in this public
out a resignation of my commission on manner to call upon the worthy General,
my part, or the usual (and heretofore in- and desire him, or whoever it may con-
dispensable) formality of a Court Martial cern, to inform me and the public with
on his ; and as it is now a matter of pop- regard to the cause or propriety of the
ular conversation and public dispute, procedure. I do not wish to trouble the
whether or not it is in the power of a public with this appeal to their impar-
Major General to remove any officer who tiality on account of any particular fond-
has been duly commissioned ; or whether ness I have for holding a commission of
every officer, so commissioned, must not the worthy gentleman, or any other au-
by the militia law of this Commonwealth, thority ; but because I conceive that any
and by the established military custom man, who has been in commission and
throughout the civilized world, be offi- will peaceably suffer himself to be kicked
cially arrested and formally tried before out, discovers as great a meanness as the
a regular court martial, purposely ap- person who attempts to do it. I am with
pointed, and properly authorized and em- due respect, &c., M. Kinsley. Hard-
powered for that special purpose : I say, wick, Nov; 24, 1786." Worcester Maga-
as this has got to be a matter of public zine, December, 1787.

126 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
atterapt; and from your well known attachment to justice,
peace, and good order, I ara persuaded you wUl exert yourself to
the utraost to prevent all such riotous proceedings. You have
herewith enclosed a copy of the instruction which was sent to
Mr. Sheriff Greenleaf. By his Excellency's command, with the
advice and consent of the Council. Major General Warner." i
The response was prorapt and loyal : —
" Hardwick, Septeraber 3^ 1786. May it please your Excel
lency. I have this instant had the honor to receive your express,
by which I am required tO give such aid and assistance to the
High Sheriff of the county of Worcester as shall be necessary to
suppress any riots, or tumultuous proceedings in the people at
the sitting of the Courts to be holden at Worcester on the 5*''
instant. Your Excellency may rest assured that every effort in
ray power shall on all occasions be exerted for the due regula
tions and support of governraent ; — particularly on this occasion
I shall use all the influence in my power to prevent and suppress
any riotous and unwarrantable proceedings in the people ; and
I have accordingly issued orders to several of the Colonels within
my Division to hold theraselves in readiness in case they should
be wanted, which is raore than probable will be the case, as the
people in general are grown very claraorous, and have not pa
tience to wait for a regular redress of their real or supposed griev
ances. I am, sir, with all due respect, your Excellency's most
obedient and very humble servant. JONATHAN Warner.
" His Excellency, J. Bowdoin, Esq." ^
This letter was soon foUowed by another : —
" May it please your Excellency. Agreeably to what I wrote
you in my last, I exerted rayself to have the militia in as good a
state of readiness as was possible, for the support of governraent.
But notwithstanding the most pressing orders for them to turn
out and to appear at Worcester, equipped as the law directs,
there did appear universally that reluctance in the people to turn
out for the support of governraent as amounted in many instances
to a flat denial ; in others, in an evasion or delay,® which
amounted to the same thing ; — that finally the insurrections of
the people for the purpose of stopping the Court were not to be
resisted by all the efforts of government. This statement of the
1 3Iass. Archives, cxc. 228. regiment which included Hardwick,
" iii'i^., cxc. 229. promptly responded to tlTis and subse-
8 Colonel Timothy Paige, Lieutenant quent similar calls ; but probably with a
Colonel John Cutler, Major Joseph Jones, very small force of militia.
and Adjutant James Lawton, of the

CIVIL HISTORY. 127
affair at Worcester, however painful and disagreeable to relate,
is the plain truth ; and I can only leave it with the superior wis
dom and discretion of your Excellency and the honorable Council
to determine what shall be most expedient to be done at this un
happy crisis. I have the honor to be, with all due respects, your
Excellency's most humble servant.
" Jonathan Warner, M. G.
" His ExceUency Jaraes Bowdoin, Esq." ^
The anticipated resistance to legal transactions at Worcester
occurred during the first week in September. " The Courts of
Common Pleas and General Sessions of the Peace being by law
to be holden at Worcester, a body of insurgents to the number of
300 and upwards posted themselves at the Court-house in that
place. The judges were admitted to the door, where a line of
bayonets prevented their entrance. The chief justice remon
strated with the rioters on the madness of their conduct ; but the
court were obliged to retire to an adjacent house, where they
opened agreeably to law, and adjourned to the next morning.
The violence of the mob, however, soon obliged the Court of
Common Pleas to adjourn without day, and the Court of Ses
sions to adjourn to the 21^' of November following." ^ The in
surgents " were under the coramand of Capt. Adam Wheeler of
Hubbardston, though, when charged with being their leader, he
disclaimed both the office and the responsibility. His lieutenant
was Benjamin Converse® of Hardwick. Other principal officers
were Capt. Hazeltine of Hardwick, and a Capt. Smith of Shirley.
Only 100 of the men were under arms. The remainder carried
bludgeons." * Benjamin Convers acted not only as lieutenant,
but also as adjutant. A demand for adjournment of the Court,
signed by him, has been preserved : —
" To the Hon*'® Court of Comraon Pleas and Court of General
Sessions of the Peace for the county of Worcester, and to all the
Justices of the Peace in said county. The Petition of the Body
of People now collected for their own common good and the good
of the Commonwealth, to your honors humbly showeth : That we
1 Mass. Arch., cxc. 230. the command of Job Shattuck of Groton
2 Minot's Hist, of Insurrections, pp. 38, and the afore-mentioned Capt. Smith.
39. ... On the following day . . . they were
* Benjamin Convers was engaged in a reinforced by a company of ninety men
similar affair, a week afterwards, as re- from the counties of Hampshire and
lated in the Hist, of Western Mass., i. 242 : Worcester, under the command of Adam
"On the llth of September a hundred Wheeler and Benjamin Converse."
armed men assembled at Concord, under * Hist, of Western Mass., i. 242.

128 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
are informed that the Body of People that were coUected on the
ground in Worcester yesterday did by their Committee prefer a
petition to your honors, requesting the Court of Common Pleas
and Court of General Sessions of the Peace to be adjourned or
dissolved, and your honors by your answer to the people then col
lected agreed to adjourn the Court of Common Pleas ; notwith
standing the people from different parts of the said county gen
erally appearing and collected on the ground this day for the
purpose aforesaid do not consent to the answer that the said
Court have given, therefore by their committee of the body now
collected request that your honors do adjourn the Court of Gen
eral Sessions of the Peace. And as in duty bound will ever pray.
Worcester, Sept. 6, 1786. The above petition signed in behalf
of the Body of People now present, and request answer in 30
minutes from the time of preferring. Signed at the request of
coraraittee. Benj? Convers, Adjutant." ^
The "Body of People," having compelled the courts to adjourn,
dispersed at the close of the second day, without committing essen
tial violence to the peaceable citizens of Worcester. Their next
riotous assembly in this vicinity was at Springfield on the twenty-
sixth day of the same month, when they succeeded in preventing
the regular session of the Superior Court. This was selected by
the government, in the subsequent trials, as the first overt act of
treason on the part of the insurgents ; the forcible interruption of
the Courts of Comraon Pleas and of Sessions being apparently
regarded as minor offences. As John Wheeler '¦^ was convicted of
treason on proof of his participation in this affair, I insert an
account of it by the historian of the insurrection : —
" It was determined by the insurgents to prevent their doing
business at Springfield, if possible ; and the Governor, on the
other hand, took measures to obviate their designs. Accordingly
he ordered the Court House to be taken into possession by 600
men, under the comraand of Major General William Shepard.
This party were well officered and equipped, and contained the
most respectable characters for abilities and interest in the county
of Hampshire. On the day of the Court's sitting, the insurgents
also appeared, equal if not superior in numbers, but vastly infe
rior in officers and arms. They were headed by one Daniel Shays,
who had been a captain in the late continental army, but had re
signed his command for reasons quite problematical. They were
1 Mass. Arch., cxc. 236. Hardwick was present does not distinctly
^ Whether any other inhabitant of appear.

CIVIL HISTORY. 129
highly incensed at government's taking possession of the Court
House previously to their arrival. They sent a request to the
Judges, that none of the late rioters should be indicted; but re
ceived a very firm reply, purporting that the Judges should exe
cute the laws of the country agreeably to their oaths. In the
confusion, however, necessarily attending two such large bodies
of armed men, who, before they retired, amounted to more than
2,000, the court could transact but little business. On Wednes
day, the panel of jurors not being filled, those jurymen who ap
peared were dismissed. On the next day, which was the third
of their sitting, the court adjourned, after resolving that it was
not expedient to proceed to the county of Berkshire. The morti
fication which the insurgents suffered from the Court House being
preoccupied by the militia, led them to several bold measures.
At one time they marched down upon the militia with loaded
musquets, and every preparation was made for an engageraent ;
but they were dissuaded from an attack, as it was said, at the
instance of their commander." ^ After thus confronting each
other for four days, both parties retired, and Springfield once
more had rest.
About two months later, another struggle was imminent at
Worcester. " Orders were issued to Major General Warner, to
call out the militia of his division, and five regiments were di
rected to hold themselves in instant readiness to march. Doubts
however arose, how far reliance could be placed on the troops of
an infected district. The sheriff reported that a sufficient force
could not be collected. The first instructions were therefore
countermanded, a plan having been settled to raise an army
whose power might effectually crush resistance, and the Judges
were advised to adjourn to the 23* of January following, when
the contemplated arrangements could be matured to terminate
the unhappy troubles." ^ The following correspondence refers to
this transaction : —
" Worcester Dec. 1^*, 1786. May it please your Excellency.
The Insurgents in this county, and a number from the county of
Hampshire, under the command of Daniel Sha^s, not exceeding
two hundred and fifty or three hundred men, proceeded on the
29*" instant ® as far as Shrewsbury "... most of whom
" marched out of Shrewsbury, on their return home. By express
1 Minot's Hist, of Insurrections, pp. 47, ' The writer uses the word instant twice
48. erroneously.
2 Lincoln's Hist, of Worcester, p. 141.
9

130 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
received this day, I learn that Shays met a reinforcement from
the county of Hampshire, and a number from this county, at
which time Shays ordered his men to halt ; and I have the great
est reason to believe, by the best intelligence I have been able to
obtain, their intention now is, to prevent the setting of the Court
of Common Pleas in this town next week. On the 29*'' instant
the party from Hampshire marched through Hardwick ; upon ob
serving the movement, I issued orders to the Commanders ^ of
the Regiments in the upper part of this county to march, and I
proceeded on to this town, in order to obtain intelligence. On the
Insurgents proceeding homeward, I issued orders to the militia
that had marched, to return horae, and hold theraselves in readi
ness to march on the shortest notice to Worcester." General
Warner adds that he had ordered all the regiments in the county
to be ready in like manner, but expresses grave doubts how many
would obey his orders, saying, " I believe not a number sufficient
to repel the force of the Insurgents in this county, exclusive
of those which will probably collect from the counties of Hamp
shire and Berkshire. If it should be the opinion of your Excel
lency, that the Court of Common Pleas in this county should be
protected the week ensuing, I conceive it will be necessary to-
send on a formidable force from the lower counties, and perhaps
sorae pieces of artillery, as I am credibly informed the Insurgents
have obtained some. I shall wait your further commands, which
will be executed without delay. In the mean time, I am, with
esteem, your Excellency's most obedient and very humble ser
vant, JoN^ Warner, M. G. His Excellency James Bowdoin,
Esq. N. B. I forward this by Major Asa Coburn, by express."^
To this report of proceedings, the Governor replied : —
" Dec. 3. Sir, You are hereby directed to issue your orders
to the militia that you may have ordered to march to the town of
Worcester for the support of the Court of Common Pleas and
Court of Sessions that are to set there on Tuesday next, not to
proceed upon that business, any former orders that you may have
received to the contrary notwithstanding. The above orders are
given from a suggestion in your letter, that the Court could not
be supported without sorae aid from the counties this way ; how
ever, if, contrary to your expectation, your militia should have
turned out in such numbers and with such spirit as fully to con-
1 Colonel Paige and his field officers ^ Mass. Arch., clxxxix. 46, 47.
responded as before ; but probably with
scanty, if any, support.

CIVIL HISTORY. 131
vince you that the Court can be effectually supported, you will
not be influenced by them. By advice of Council. Sir, Your
humble servant, J. B. Maj. Gen. Warner." i
The miUtia did not turn out in such numbers as to support
the Court ; but the insurgents held possession of the Court House
and of the town for about a week. On Sunday evening, Decem
ber 3, a party which had quartered at Grafton entered Worces
ter, " under the comraand of Abraham Gale of Princeton, Adam
Wheeler of Hubbardston, Simeon Hazeltine of Hardwick, and
John Williams, reported to be a deserter from the Bi-itish array
and once a serjeant of the continental line. They halted before
the Court House, and, having obtained the keys, placed a strong
guard around the building, and posted sentinels on all the streets
and avenues of the town, to prevent surprise. Those who were
off duty, rolling themselves in their blankets, rested on their arras
on the floor of the court room."^ The Court, being thus ex
cluded from the Court House, was opened in a tavern, and ad
journed to the 23d of January, as directed by the Governor. The
insurgents, however, remained in Worcester through the whole
week, suffering much from a severe snow-storm, whicii com-
¦ menced on Monday evening, and were finally dismissed on Satur
day, in the midst of another furious tempest, in which it is said
that " some were frozen to death," and many others narrowly es
caped the same fate. Separate companies from the towns of
Ward, Holden, Spencer, Rutland, Barre, Hubbardston, Peters
ham, and Belchertown, are mentioned by historians ; and, al
though not speciaUy named, it can scarcely be doubted that sev
eral inhabitants of Hardwick accompanied Captain Hazeltine,
who was one of the active leaders.
Three weeks later, December 26, the session of the court at
Springfield was prevented ; and it was understood that the Court
of Common Pleas would not be permitted to hold its adjourned
meeting at Worcester on the 23d of January. The government
now adopted more vigorous measures to sustain its authority, and
organized an army of 4,400 infantry, besides four companies of
artillery, all under the command of Major-General Benjamin Lin
coln. On the 4th of January, orders were issued to Major-Gen
eral Warner to detach 1,200 men from the seventh division, and
to organize them into two regiments, for this service.^ He re-
1 Mass. Arch., clxxxix. 53. same volume, p. 67, is found " an esti-
2 Lincoln's Hist, of Worcester, p 142. mate of what it may cost to supply 5,000
' Mass. Arch., clxxxix. 68. In the men, 30 days, with rations : —

132

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

ported that Colonel Timothy Newell had engaged to enlist one of
these regiments, with authority to appoint his subordinate officers.
Colonel Newell performed his engagement. Lieutenant-Colonel
John Cutler, of Colonel Paige's regiment, was his associate : and
one corapany was enlisted in Hardwick and New Braintree, under
command of Captain Edward Ruggles of Hardwick. As this
company served from January 22 until February 21, and shared
the perils and sufferings of that terrible night march from Hadley
to Petersham, which Minot styles " one of the most indefatigable
marches that ever was performed in America," and which resulted
in the utter and final dispersion of the rebel army, I copy the
names borne on the Pay Roll, preserved in the "Massachusetts
Archives," cxcii. 69 : —

Edward Ruggles, Captain.

Robert Voax.

Sampson Whitherly 1" Lieut.

Zenas Hanmer.

Wyman Hoit, 2* Lieut.

George Wightington.

Jeduthun Spooner, Clerk.

Elijah Barns.

Samuel Shaw, Serg'.

Abner Whipple. ^

Elisha Matthews, do.

William Tidd. v

Joseph Hale, do.

Persival HaU.

Lemuel French, Fife-major.

George Whetherell.

John Stevenson, Drummer.

Benj° Estabrooks.

John Doty (orderly). Corporal.

Moses Paige.

John Thompson, do.

William Davice.

James Woods, do.

Justice Warner.

Daniel Billing, do.

Isaac Denny.

Stephen Newton,

James Weston.^

Moses Fay.

Lemuel Kenedy.

Samuel Clark.

General Lincoln's force was concentrated at Worcester on the
22d of January, and the court held its session the next day
without molestation. " Detachments of insurgents collected at
Rutland, New Braintree, Princeton, Sterling, and Sutton, but,
intimidated by the miUtary, hovered at a distance, while the
courts proceeded. On the 25*'' of January, General Lincoln has
tened westward for the relief of Shepard, and of the arsenal at
Springfield, invested by Shays and Day. Major-General War-

" 11 Bread, 2|''
Jp' Rum, 1^
4' Beef, 5
9^ is nearest to £40 for 1000
men per day. 5000 men, 30 days, is

£6000, specie : if paid in orders on col
lectors will be upwards of £15,000.
300 Barrels of Rum,
@70"perBl. £1050
750 Barrels of Flour, 1500
225,000' Beef, @ 3^* 3 124 = 5674."

CIVIL HISTORY. 133
ner was left in command at Worcester, with a regiment of
infantry, a corps of artillery, including Capt. Treadwell's com
pany, two field pieces, and a party from the legionary battalion
of volunteer cavalry." i With this force General Warner pro
tected Worcester, and dispersed large bodies of insurgents at
New Braintree, and at the barracks in Rutland. MeanwhUe,
General Shepard, with about a thousand men, had taken post at
Springfield, for the protection of the arsenal. On the 25th of
January Shays approached with a still larger force. General
Shepard " sent one of his aids with two other gentlemen, several
times, to know the intention of the enemy, and to warn them of
their danger. The purport of their answer was, that they would
have possession of the barracks; and they immediately marched
onwards to within 250 yards of the arsenal. A message was
again sent to inform them, that the militia were posted there by
order of the Governor, and of Congress, and that if they ap
proached nearer they would be fired upon. To this, one of their
leaders ^ replied, that that was all they wanted ; and they ad
vanced one hundred yards further. Necessity now corapelled
General Shepard to fire; but his huraanity did not desert hira.
He ordered the two first shot to be directed over their heads ;
this, however, instead of retarding, quickened their approach ;
and the artillery was at last pointed at the centre of their col
umn. This measure was not without its effect. A cry of murder
arose from the rear of the insurgents, and their whole body was
thrown into the utmost confusion. Shays attempted to display
his column, but it was in vain. His troops retreated with pre
cipitation to Ludlow, about ten miles frora the place of action,
leaving three of their men dead, and one wounded on the field." ^
Two days later, General Lincoln arrived at Springfield, and
immediately pursued the insurgents, who fled to Pelham, and he
took post at Hadley. After vainly attempting to secure a ces
sation of hostilities. Shays withdrew from Pelham, and marched
to Petersham, on the 3d of February. At eight o'clock in the
evening of the same day. General Lincoln comraenced that " in
defatigable " march through Shutesbury and New Salem, which
1 Lincoln's Hist, of Worcester, p. 149. orders in the most peremptory manner,
°^This " leader " was John Wheeler, of and made answer that tliat was all he
Hardwick. In a letter from General wanted." Independent Chronicle, Febru-
Shepard to Governor Bowdoin, January ary 1, 1787.
26, 1787, he says, " A Mr. Wheeler, who » Minot's History of Insurrections, pp.
appeared to be one of Shays' Aids, met 110, 111.
Mr. Lyman, after he had deUvered toy

134 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
he described in his report dated at Petersham, February 4 : —
" We arrived here about nine o'clock, exceedingly fatigued by a
march of thirty miles, part of it in a deep snow, and in a most
violent storm. When this abated the cold increased, and a great
part of our men were frozen in sorae part or other ; but I hope
none of thera dangerously so, and that most of them will be able
again to march in a short time."'^ The surprise was complete.
The insurgents fled, without attempting any defence, sorae to
their homes, and others through Athol, beyond the liraits of
the State. This was a crushing blow to the insurrection. Al
though a guerilla contest was carried on a few months longer
in the western counties, no large number was ever again gath
ered in opposition to the government. The immediate effect
was described by General Warner in a report to the Governor :
" Worcester, Feb. IO*'' 1787. His Excellency J. Bowdoin, Esq.
Sir, General Lincoln, on his leaving this county, left under my
command the troops which were raised in my Division, with a
request that I would discharge them as speedilj"- as might be
consistent with safety. I have hitherto conceived it expedient
to keep the greater part of them in service, as many of the in
surgents in this county retain an unsubdued and uncurbed
spirit of rebellion and insolence. There has not, indeed, of late
been any large coUection of insurgents within this county ; but
sraall nurabers have been collecting in diverse parts of the county,
to the annoyance and terror of the friends to order and regularity.
Thoroughly to subdue this spirit appears to me to be of the
highest importance. For this purpose I have kept detachments
in such parts of the county as I have conceived would best tend
to the accoraplishraent of the design. Nurabers have been cap
tured ; nurabers have voluntarily subraitted, and thrown them
selves on the mercy of governraent ; and nurabers there are,
which still remain to be reclaimed. I have, in my proceedings
with them, endeavored to conform to the proposals offered by
Major General Lincoln, and approved of by the General Court,
not having received any particular directions upon the subject.
... I have the honor to be, with the highest esteem, your Ex
cellency's most obedient humble servant, JoN^ Warner, M. G." "
It reraained for the government to disperse the predatory bands
which still infested various parts of the country, and to deal
1 Independent Chronicle, February 8, 2 Mass. Arch., cxc. 366.
1787.

CIVIL HISTORY. 135
judiciously with the conquered insurgents. The first was accom-
pUshed with comparative ease, by means of an overpowering
military force, but what disposition to make of the offenders was
a problem difficult of solution. A previous offer of amnesty to
non-commissioned officers and privates, who would lay down
their arms and take the oath of allegiance, had been generally
disregarded ; but it was now renewed to such as would submit
on or before the 21st day of March, and was accepted by large
numbers, among whom were at least sixty inhabitants of Hard
wick : — David Elwell, Frederick Wicker, Gideon Carpenter,
Lemuel Willis, Ezra Winslow (" neither of the above three
persons used any arms against the government, as they affirm "),
David Pratt, Symonds Whipple, Samuel Sibley, Samuel Clifford,
Thomas Elwell, Jaraes Paige, Jr. (p. 125) ; Ephraim Tucker,
James Robinson, Adonijah Dennis, Samuel Dennis, Constant
Mirick, James Pearce, Nathaniel Gleason, Silas Newton, Calvin
Oakes, Isaac Robinson, Eleazar Dexter, John Dexter (" these
took and subscribed the oath* of allegiance before the Act of the
General Court was received," p. 126) ; Nathaniel Haskell, Sam
uel Hopkins, Joseph Robinson, Job Dexter, Gideon Brimhall,
Timothy Newton, George Haskell, Abner Weston, Ebenezer
Childs, EU Freeraan, Robert Prout, Zephaniah Spooner, Israel
Roach, Thomas Clark, Benjamin Carpenter, James Rogers,
Samuel Haskins, Jr., Aaron Johnson (sworn "on or before the
2P* day of March, A. D. 1787," p. 130) ; WiUiam Smith,
Thomas Reed Smith (March 23, 1787, p. 161) ; Arthur Rawson
(" physitian, declares he never took up arms against government,
only acted as physitian ") ; Benony Shurtleff, Ebenezer Law
rence (" declare they never took up arms, but were only in sorae
degree aiding and assisting," March 25, 1787 ; p. 169) ; Jona
than Parkhurst, David Whipple, David Warren, Cale^..Bi:^ant,
Experience Luce, John Gorham, Stephen Gorham, Joseph Gor
ham, Barzillia Flagg, James Wing, Ichabod Dexter (September
10, 1787, p. 209); Seth Taylor, John Harris, Nathan Wheeler
(September 29, 1787, p. 216). i
Several others in Hardwick, who had not taken up arras, were
politically involved in this insurrectionary movement.^ The
Sheriff of Worcester County, in a letter to the Governor, says :
"I take leave to transmit the names of a number of their princi
pal leaders and commanders ; their naraes are as followeth, viz.,
1 Mass. Arch., cxc. 125-216. to connty conventions, have already been
2 Martin Kinsley, and other delegates mentioned.

136 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Adam Wheeler, Hubbardston, Benjamin Convers, Ichabod Dex-
ter,i Samuel Dexter, Siraeon Hayselton, and Seth Taylor, all of
Hardwick, Oliver Watson, Spencer, Abraham Gale, Henry Gale,
Norman Clark, all of Princeton, Abraham Holman of Terapleton,
all in the County of Worcester." ^ And on the 19th of January,
1787, the Governor issued his warrant for the arrest of sundry
persons in Worcester County, " deeraing the safety of the Com
monwealth to be inconsistent with their personal liberty ; "
among these were Benjamin Convers and Captain Simeon Hazel
tine. The sheriff made return that he had arrested some of the
persons named, adding that the said Convers and Hazeltine " are
not to be found within ray jurisdiction." ^ They and some others
had been so actively and prominently engaged under arms, that
they were not entitled to the aranesty offered, and dared not take
the hazard of a trial for treason.
A raore sad fate was reserved for one of the Hardwick insur
gents. John Wheeler, a Revolutionary soldier, who enlisted
under Captain Daniel Shays, in 1778, serving as sergeant, and
afterwards as quartermaster sergeant, was lieutenant of Captain
Edward Ruggles' company at the outbreak of the insurrection.
He attached hiraself to his forraer leader, and becarae his aide-de
camp. He was described to me by his contemporaries, many
years ago, as a skilful, brave, and energetic officer, — much supe
rior to his chief. He shared the excitements and perils of the
contest until early in February, 1787, when he was taken pris
oner.* The papers, descriptive of his trial, conviction, sentence,
and pardon, are preserved, and are here inserted : —
" Harapshire ss. At the Supreme Judicial Court, begun and
holden at Northampton, within and for the county of Hampshire,
1 Ichabod Dexter and Seth Taylor had, the Hon. General Lincoln, dated the 13th
perhaps, borne arms ; they are included instant. He was then with his troops at
among those who were required to take Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire.
the oath of allegiance. His Excellency has also received a letter,
2 Mass. Arch., cxc. 235. dated the 12th, from General Shepard,
s Ibid., clxxxix. 75. I have not ascer- who, with a detachment of the army, by
tained where Mr. Convers found refuge, another route, was then marching into
Captain Hazeltine fled to Vermont; re- the same county. Several of the rebels,
sided at Sandgate, and represented that and some suspected of being their abet-
town, 1794, in the General Assembly, tors, have been apprehended; the most
Several others, not here named, are noted are John Wheeler, late one of
known to have absconded at about the Shays's Aids, and Matthew Clarke, said
same time, and for a similar reason. to have been busy in organizing the rebel
*" Last Thursday evening. His Excel- militia," &c. Independent Chronicle, Sei-
lency the Governor received a letter from ruary 22 1787.

CIVIL HISTORY. 137
on the ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord seventeen hun
dred and eighty-seven, by adjournment to that time from the first
Tuesday of the same, by Writ in virtue of an Act of the General
Court, raade and passed in February last past. The Jurors of
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts upon their oath present
that John Wheeler of Hardwick in the county of Worcester,
gentleman, and Henry McCuUock of Pelham in the county of
Hampshire, gentleman, together with others named in the indict
ment, being members and subjects of the said Commonwealth,
and owing allegiance to the same, not having the fear of God in
their hearts, nor having any regard to the duty of their aUegiance,
but being moved and seduced by a lawless and rebeUious spirit,
and withdrawing from the said Commonwealth the cordial love
and due obedience, fidelity, and allegiance, which every member
of the same Commonwealth of right ought to bear to it, and also
most wickedly and traitorously devising and conspiring to levy
war against this Comraonwealth, and thereby most wickedly and
traitorously intending, as much as in them lay, to change and
subvert the rule and government of this Comraonwealth, duly
and happily established under the good people the inhabitants
and raerabers of the same, according to the constitution and form
of government of the same, and to reduce thera to anarchy, con
fusion, and lawless power, upon the twenty-sixth day of Septem
ber in the year of our Lord seventeen hundred and eighty-six,
and on divers days and times, as well before that time as since,
at Springfield within the county of Hampshire aforesaid, with a
great number of rebels and traitors against the Commonwealth
aforesaid, viz. the number of one thousand whose names are yet
unknown to the jurors aforesaid, being armed and arrayed in a
warlike and hostile manner, viz. with druras beating, fifes play
ing, and -with guns, pistols, bayonets, swords, clubs, and divers
other weapons, as well offensive as defensive, with force and arras
did falsely and traitorously assemble and join themselves against
this Comraonwealth and the law and governraent of the same, as
established by the constitution and form of government of the
same, and then and there, with force and arms as aforesaid, did
falsely and traitorously array and dispose themselves against the
Commonwealth aforesaid and the due administration of justice in
the same according to the law and authority of the same, and
then and there with force and arms as aforesaid, in pursuance of
such their wicked and traitorous purposes aforesaid, did falsely
aud traitorously prepare, order, wage, and levy, a public and cruel

138 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
war against the Commonwealth aforesaid, and then and there
with force and arms as aforesaid, wickedly and traitorously did
assault, imprison, captivate, plunder, destroy, kiU, and murder,
divers of the liege subjects of the said Commonwealth in the
peace of the said Comraonwealth being, and lawfully and in the
duty of their allegiance to the said Comraonwealth defending
the same from the traitorous attacks as aforesaid, all which is
against the duty of their allegiance and the law of the Common
wealth aforesaid in such case made and provided and the dignity
of the same.
" A true BiU. Seth Murray, Foreman. R. T, Paine, Att^
for Repub.
" Harapshire ss. April Term at Northampton, 1787. The
said John Wheeler and Henry McCuUock are arraigned at the
bar, and have this indictment read to them, and they severally
say that thereof they are not guilty, and thereof for trial put
themselves on God and the country. John Tfcker, Clerk.
" And now in this present term, before the Court here come
the said John Wheeler and Henry McCuUock, under custody of
the Sheriff of said County, and being set to the bar here in their
proper persons, and forthwith being demanded concerning the
premises in the indictraent above specified and charged upon
them, how they will acquit themselves thereof, they severally say
that thereof they are not guilty, and thereof for trial severally
put themselves on God and the country (Siraeon Strong and Caleb
Strong Esquires, having been assigned by the Court as counsel
for the prisoners) : a jury is immediately impanelled, viz., Wil
liam Stebbins, Foreman, and FeUows, namely, Amos Baldwin,
Jonathan Parsons, Gideon Searl, Phineas Chapin, Jr., Jonathan
Clark, Daniel Fowler, Aaron Fisher, Simeon Chapin, Joshua Phil
lips, Martin Clark, and Moses Kellogg, who, being sworn to speak
the truth of and concerning the premises, upon their oath say
that the said John Wheeler is guilty, and that the said Henry
McCuUock is guilty. And now the Attorney General moves that
sentence of death might be given against the said John Wheeler
and Henry McCuUock, the prisoners at the bar ; upon whicli it
is deraanded of them the said John Wheeler and Henry McCul-
lock if they have or know aught to say wherefore the Justices
here ought not, upon the premises and verdict aforesaid, to pro
ceed to judgment against them, who nothing further say unless
as they before bad said. Whereupon, all and singular the prem
ises being seen and by the said Justices here fully understood, it

CIVIL HISTORY. 139
is considered by the Court here, that the said John Wheeler be
taken to the goal of the Commonwealth from whence he came,
and from thence to the place of execution, and there be hanged
by the neck until he be dead : — that the said Henry McCuUock
be taken to the goal of the Commonwealth from whence he came,
and from thence to the place of execution, and there be hanged
by the neck until he be dead. A true copy of Record.
"Att. Jn? Tucker, Clerk." i
There were manifestly extenuating circumstances in favor of
Mr. Wheeler, for within a few days a full and free pardon was
granted to him, and to three others who were convicted at the
same term of the Court : ^ —
" Commonwealth of Massachusetts. To the Sheriffs of our sev
eral Counties, and all others our loving and faithful subjects, to
whom these presents shall come. Greeting.
" Whereas, John Wheeler of Hardwick, in the county of
Worcester, gentleman ; Daniel Luddington, of South Harapton,
in the county of Harapshire, yeoraan ; James White, of Colerain,
in the same county, ^yeoman ; and Alpheus Colton, of Long-
meadow, in the same county, laborer ; were, at our Suprerae Ju
dicial Court, begun and holden at Northarapton within and for
the county of Hampshire on the ninth day of April, in the year
of our Lord seventeen hundred and eighty-seven, by adjournment
to that time from the first Tuesday of the sarae April, in virtue
of an Act of the General Court made in February last past, con
victed of Treason : — Whereupon the said John Wheeler, Daniel
Luddington, James White, and Alpheus Colton, were by the Jus
tices of our said Supreme Judicial Court adjudged to suffer the
pains of death, as by the records of the said Supreme Judicial
Court manifestiy appears ; — and whereas the said John Wheeler,
Daniel Luddington, James White, and Alpheus Colton have hum
bly supplicated our grace and favor for remittance of the said
sentence : —
" We, therefore, by and with the advice of the CouncU, of our
special grace do hereby remit to the said John Wheeler, Daniel
Luddington, James White, and Alpheus Colton, a full, free, and
ample pardon of all the pains and penalties they were liable to
suffer and undergo by virtue of the sentence and judgment afore
said ; of which the Sheriff of our said county of Harapshire is in
an especial manner to take notice.
1 Mass. Arch., clxxxix. 262-264. one in Worcester, and one in Middlesex ;
2 Fourteen persons in all wer • convict- but, at length, all were pardoned.
ed : six in Berkshire, six in Hampshire,

140 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
" In testimony whereof we have caused our public seal to be
hereunto affixed. Witness, James Bowdoin, Esq., our Gov
ernor and Coramander-in-chief, at Boston, this thirtieth day of
April in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and
eighty-seven, and in the eleventh year of the Independence of the
United States of America. By his Excellency's command, with
the advice and consent of the Council." ^
So " full, free, and araple " was this " pardon," that Mr.
Wheeler was not degraded from the office of lieutenant which
he had held for three years ; and on the first day of September,
1789, he was commissioned by Governor Hancock as captain of
the same company, and reraained in office until the Sth of June,
1794, when he died at the early age of 37 years. The govern
ment exercised sirailar forbearance and clemency in regard to Cap
tain James Paige, Jr., who was so far involved in the insurrection
ary movement as to be required to take the oath of allegiance,
yet was permitted to retain his military position, and was pro
moted to the office of major, receiving his commission 19 De
cember, 1791. Indeed, a strong sympathy, with this movement
pervaded not only the community but the government itself. A
large proportion of the representatives approved it, and resisted
active measures for its suppression. In the spring of 1787, its
friends and supporters obtained a substantial victory in the Com
monwealth, by the defeat of Governor Bowdoin, and the election
of Governor Hancock, with a still larger proportion, of the repre
sentatives. The authority of the government was nominaUy
maintained ; but its adrainistration was rendered difficult by this
disturbing element. The same spirit was visible in the conven
tion called in 1788 to consider the proposed Constitution of the
United States, and nearly prevented its adoption on the ground
that it granted too much power to the general government. So
powerful and so persistent was the opposition, that even with the
hope of certain amendments to render it less objectionable, ap
proval of the Constitution was secured by the meagre majority
of nineteen, there being, on the final question, 187 yeas and 168
nays.2 Both before and after the collapse of the insurrection, a raajor
ity of the voters in Hardwick seem to have sympathized with it.
They were officially represented in the county conventions, many
1 Mass. Arch., clxxxix. 265. shire, 19 yeas, 33 nays; in Berkshire, 7
2 This opposition was especially mani- yeas, 15 nays. Among the nays appears
fest in the western counties : there were the name of Martin Kinsley, the delegate
in Worcester, 7 yeas, 43 nays; inHamp- from Hardwick.

CIVIL HISTORY. 141
of them took up arms, and their votes in town-meeting indicate
their political preferences. Under a warrant for a meeting, Jan
uary 8, 1787, " to take into consideration a petition from a num
ber of the inhabitants of the town of Hardwick, praying that
Capt. Shattuck and others lately imprisoned at Boston raay be
liberated, and that the Courts of Common Pleas and General
Sessions may be suspended till a new election, and sundry other
articles, and for the town to act thereon as they shall think
proper," it was "voted to choose a committee to petition the
General Court for the purpose expressed in the warrant, &c.,'and
made choice of Major Kinsley, John Raymond, Ichabod Dexter,
Capt. Hazeltine, and Doctor Rawson, for said committee, and
they to make report at the adjournment of this meeting." At
the adjourned meeting, January 29th, " the petition that the
aforesaid committee had prepared was publicly read before the
town and accepted. Voted that the petition be signed by the
Town Clerk as the doings of the town. Voted to choose a com
mittee to repair to General Lincoln's and Shays' array, in order
to accommodate matters, if possible to prevent the shedding of
blood; and chose Capt. [Daniel] Wheeler and Capt. [Daniel]
Egery." At the annual meeting, March 5, 1787, the sarae spirit
was in the ascendant. The record is characteristic of the eccen-
' trie town clerk ; but there is no reason to doubt its literal truth
fulness : " The town met and proceeded as follows : (1.) Chose
Gen. Jonathan Warner, Moderator ; and then, after quarrelling
the remainder of the day, voted to adjourn the meeting to Mon
day the 2* day of April next, at nine o'clock in the morning.
Met accordingly and proceeded as follows : chose Sylvanus Wash
burn, Town Clerk; Major Martin Kinsley, Town Treasurer;
Capt. Daniel Egery, Capt. Seth Peirce, Seth Johnson, Deac. Na
thaniel Paige, and Daniel Billing, Selectmen ; Sylvanus Wash
burn, Daniel Ruggles, and David Allen, assessors." The persoijal
popularity of General Warner secured his election as moderator ;
notwithstanding his active support of the government ; but Major
Kinsley, whose sympathy and influence were manifestly on the
other side, was elected treasurer in place of Colonel Paige, whose
loyalty was never doubted. An entire change was made in the
board of selectmen ; the loyal incumbents were superseded by
new men, all of whom, except, perhaps, Mr. Billings, were of
different poUtics. And in the next month Major Kinsley was
elected representative.
In Hardwick, as elsewhere, there were doubtless some dema-

142 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
gogues and political agitators, who took advantage of the general
distress for selfish and sinister purposes ; but most of this class
soon left town. Of those who remained, the larger portion were,
probably, as excusable in their resistance to the government now
as they formerly were in resisting the authority of Great Britain.
Goaded to desperation by the pressure of financial obligations
which they could not cancel, they sought relief by the means
which had previously been so effectual, namely, County Conven
tions, the obstruction of the Courts of Law, and at last an appeal
to Arras. They raade a sad raistake, not properly distinguishing
between laws arbitrarily imposed on them by a foreign power,
and laws enacted by their own representatives, and subject to
amendment or repeal by the same authority. In subsequent
years, they were peaceable, law-abiding citizens, trusted and hon
ored by their townsmen, and steadfast upholders of government ;
yet, almost without exception, they maintained through life the
political theory that the governraent should be clothed with no
more power than is indispensable to its existence.
The proper " conclusion of the whole raatter " seems to be
this : Their financial distress furnished an excuse, approximating
justification, to the insurgents. On the other hand, those who
held fast their integrity in the midst of such wide-spread calam
ity, and supported the government in its terrible struggle to main-'
tain the supremacy of law, deserve the highest honor for their
loyalty and true patriotism.

CHAPTER X.
CIVIL HISTORY.
Boundaries. — Additions and Diminutions of Territory. — Incorporation of
New Braintree, and of Dana. — Annexation of the Gore, now included in
Gilbertville. -^ Four Bridges across Ware River. — Roads, hilly and difficult
of Construction. — Sixth Massachusetts Turnpike. — Ware River Railroad.
— Massachusetts Central Railroad. — Pounds. — Paupers. — Town Farm. —
Proposal to maintain State Paupers. — Slavery. — Town House. — Bell. —
Burial Places. — Epitaphs.
Boundaries. — It has already been mentioned ^ that the sur
veyor, in delineating the township, inadvertently included at the
northeast corner four hundred acres ^ belonging to the " Braintree
six thousand acres," and three hundred acres at the southwest
corner, being a part of the " Equivalent Lands," which had been
purchased by John Read, Esq. ; in consideration of which, the
General Court, in 1733, granted to the proprietors the tract of
land between Ware River and the " Six Thousand Acres," which
now constitutes about one half of New Braintree. This grant,
however, was only of temporary value. The inhabitants of that
tract soon became weary of climbing the long hill to attend pub
lic worship and transact town affairs, and for this and probably
other reasons, desired a separation. After some unsuccessful
efforts their object was accomplished January 31, 1751, when
that part of Hardwick which was east of the river, together with
the " Six Thousand Acres " and a part of Brookfield, was incor
porated as a separate district, which subsequently became a town,
by the name of New Braintree.
Half a century later, the town was again curtailed in its dimen
sions. The movement commenced as early as August 25, 1788,
when the town "Voted, that they have not any objection to the
prayer of a petition being granted, which was presented to the
General Court of this Commonwealth, at their last session, by a
1 Chapter iii., June, 1733. June 10, 1814. Mass. Special Laws, v.
" This tract was annexed to Hardwick 10.

144 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
number of inhabitants in the northwesterly part of this town,
praying to be incorporated, with a part of Petersham and Green
wich, into a distinct town by the name of Tolland." This peti
tion was not granted ; but on the eighteenth day of February,
1801, substantially the same territory was incorporated into a
town by the name of Dana.^
A small gore of unincorporated land was annexed to Hard
wick, February 7, 1831, described as follows : " Beginning at the
northwest corner of said Hardwick, and running N. 70° E., 5 rods,
to the southerly corner of Petersham; thence S. 4l4° E., 184
rods, on the line of Petersham, to the southeast corner thereof ;
and thence N. 37i° W., 186 rods, on the line of Hardwick, to the
bound first raentioned." ^
This gore was included in the large tract of land annexed to
Dana, February 4, 1842, and described as follows : " Beginning
at the southwest corner of Silas N. Johnson's land, on the line of
said Hardwick and Dana; thence running S. 49° E., 204 rods,
to the corner of Stephen Hillman 's land ; thence N. 3lF E., 543
rods, to Barre, Hardwick, and Petersham corner," ^ together with
a part of Petersham. The portion of Hardwick thus annexed to
Dana was estimated to be one seventy-fifth part of the whole
town. Many years ago, as indicated on the Ruggles map, several
acres of land, measuring nearly seven-eighths of a mile in length,
and about a quarter of a mile in width, were set off from Hard
wick and annexed to Greenwich.
More iraportant than any other, indeed more important than
all others, was the last addition to the territory of Hardwick.
On the east side of Ware River, between the towns of Hardwick,
New Braintree, and Ware, was a tract of unincorporated land,
called "Hardwick Gore." Though separated from Hardwick
by the river, in many respects its inhabitants were more closely
connected with this town than with the others ; they voted here
for state officers, their state tax was assessed here, and here
they buried their dead. Attempts were made, from time to
time, for the annexation of this Gore to the town. As early as
March 2, 1807, the town " voted to postpone the taking of a vote
upon the petition of the people in the Gore, so called, and choose
a committee of three to see upon what terms the petitioners are
wiUing to be annexed to the town of Hardwick." The desired
1 Mass. Special Laws, ii. 416. ' Ibid., viii. 239. ,
2 Ibid., vii. 26.

CIVIL HISTORY. 145
object was not accomplished until a quarter of a century later,
when the General Court enacted, February 6, 1833, " that the
gore of land lying at the southeasterly part of the town of Hard
wick, and adjoining said town, called Hardwick Gore, containing
about two hundred acres, and described as follows : beginning at
a monument in the pond above Anderson's mill, at a place where
the westerly line of New Braintree leaves Ware River, thence
on the said westerly line of New Braintree, south, fourteen de
grees east, one hundred and twenty-two rods, to a stone monu
ment : thence south, thirty-seven degrees west, two hundred and
eighty-nine rods, to another stone monument, at the southwest
corner of New Braintree and northeast corner of Ware ; thence
north, eighty-seven degrees west, thirty-six rods, to said Ware
River; thence on the said River, northerly, four hundred and
twenty-one rods, to the southeast corner of Hardwick ; thence
sixty-one rods, to the place of beginning, — together with the
inhabitants thereof, be and the sarae is hereby annexed to the
town of Hardwick, in the county of Worcester ; and said inhabit
ants shall be liable to the same duties and entitled to the same
privileges as the other inhabitants of the same town." ^
On this annexed territory, within the last twenty years, has
grown up the larger part of the village of Gilbertville, now con
taining about half of the population of the whole town, and
furnishing a convenient market for agricultural products. The
annexation involved large disbursements by the town for schools,
and for the construction of roads and a very expensive bridge ;
but the advantages derived from the increased value of taxable
property, and the incidental stimulus given to farraing and other
industrial pursuits, appear to be fully equivalent to the outlay.
The " George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Corapany " deserve
high praise, not only for erecting one of the most beautiful meet
ing-houses in the Commonwealth, but also for the extraordinarily
neat and substantial character of their tenements, and generally
for their well-directed and constant efforts to beautify the village,
and to make it a pleasant home for those whom they employ.
Roads and Bridges. One of the earliest tasks to be per
formed by pioneers is the construction of roads and bridges.
This task in Hardwick was one of more than ordinary difficulty.
The largest and most expensive bridges were those across Ware
River; of which the earliest was that near the Old Furnace.
1 Mass. Special Laws, vii. 291.
10

146 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
At a meeting of the proprietors, October 30, 1733, it was ordered
that a coraraittee should allot certain lands on the east side of
the river, and " agree with the settlers for a price for the same ;
the produce of which to be laid out to build a good Cart Bridge
over Ware River aforesaid against the highway lately laid out
towards Brookfield ; and the said committee to agree with per
sons to build the bridge, and take care that it be effected." This
bridge has been several times renewed, and is a very important
avenue. The present iron structure was erected in 1875. The
" highway lately laid out towards Brookfield " was the road which,
turning to the right, about a quarter of a mile east of the bridge,
runs southeast to Ditch Meadow in New Braintree. It is re
ferred to in the laying out of a highway, August 3, 1747, " from
Eleazar Warner's, ^ through land of William Ayers and Josiah
Barrett, to the road from Ditch Meadow to the Great Bridge,
across the bridge, along the dug-way, across Moose Brook, in
front of Nathan Carpenter's door, up the hill to land of Caleb
Benjamin, through land of Zechariah Haskell, John Cooper, and
John Roberts, to the highway ^ from Cornelius Cannon's to the
Great Meadow Brook east of Joseph Ruggles's house."
Another bridge is here indicated. Cornelius Cannon resided
on the east side of the river, opposite to the late residence of Mr.
Reed S. Ruggles, marked " A. Rich " on the R. map. The town
voted. May 14, 1744, " to build a horse-bridge over the River,
near Cannon's." In my boyhood, vestiges of this bridge, and of
a roadway leading to it, were visible ; but the bridge itself had dis
appeared. A wooden structure was placed here in 1845, which
was succeeded by the present substantial iron bridge in 1857.
Another bridge was early erected about half a mile above the
crossing at Gilbertville. A reference to it. is found under date
of March 4, 1765, when the town " voted to Mr. Isaac Thomas
the sum of £26. 13. 4., said Thomas having engaged to build a
sufficient bridge over Ware River, near his iron-works, at the
most convenient place, and to the acceptance of the town, and to
be completed at or before the first day of September next." The
1 Eleazar Warner resided about a mile the Common to Gilbertville, a few rods
east of the river, at the junction of the east of the present residence of Captain
roads leading to Rutland and to the Orin Trow.
meeting-house in New Braintree. The 2 xhis highway passed up the hill to
highway described had for several years the house of Mr. George Warner, marked
previously been a "country road," and " Mr. Bolster " on the R. map, and thence
was that which afterwards became a northerly to its junction with what after-
turnpike through the Furnace Village to wards became the turnpike, near Great
its junction with the easterly road from Meadow Brook.

CIVIL HISTORY. 147
form of this vote indicates that no bridge had been previously
erected at that place. Mr. Thomas did not fulfil his contract,
but sold his "iron-works" to Abraham Savage and Joseph
Blake. The town, May 19, 1766, " voted to Mr. Savage and
Mr. Blake .£40. 0. 0., to enable them to build a bridge over
Ware River near their works, ... to be completed at or before
the first day of November next." The treasurer's account for
the same year exhibits a payment "to Lot Whitcomb, for build
ing the bridge over Ware River, at Messrs. Savage and Blake's
works, £40. 0. 0." This bridge was rebuilt in 1814, and prob
ably again rebuilt at a later date.
The bridge in Gilbertville was erected in 1871. It took the
place of an ordinary structure, built a few years earlier, and was
much raore expensive than either of those before mentioned ; but
it was so thoroughly and firmly constructed that it may be ex
pected to resist all the ordinary processes of decay and destruc
tion for many years.
The construction and maintenance of highways in this town in
volved great expense from the beginning. Twenty years after
the settlement comraenced, it was represented in a petition to
the General Court, heretofore quoted, that the inhabitants are
" obliged to expend yearly large suras in making and repairing
their highways, and even this year [1754] are at the expense of
a hundred pounds, lawful money, for that purpose ; and must be
at the expense of some thousands of pounds upon their roads be
fore they will be brought to be as good as most of the roads in
the province are by nature." Not only was alraost the whole
township covered with a heavy growth of timber, but the surface
of the ground was very uneven and hilly, thickly sprinkled with
rocks and ledges. The hills and valleys run chiefly in a north
erly and southerly direction ; and the highways running across
them from east to west are far from level. Between the Com
mon and Muddy Brook, on the roads leading to Enfield and
Greenwich, and on the old road to Greenwich Village, the hills
are both long and steep. The old road from Mandell Hill to
Ware River is yet -visible, and affords a specimen of the difficul
ties originally encountered. Indeed a portion of it, near the Old
Furnace, still open but disused, was said by teamsters, half a cen
tury ago, to be more difficult of ascent than any other hill be
tween that point and Boston. This difficulty is now avoided by a
comparatively new road, which, by a long detour to the north, as-

148 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
cends the hill more gradually. Relief has been obtained also on
the old road (or turnpike) to Greenwich ViUage, by opening a
new highway between Muddy Brook and the Coramon, which
both diminishes the steepness of the ascent and shortens the dis
tance. But notwithstanding these and other similar changes, the
Hardwick roads generally remain hilly, and their maintenance re
quires much care and expense ; and yet it should be said that in
few if any towns, at the same distance frora Boston, are the roads
kept in so good condition. For more than a century a " highway
tax " was annually assessed, which was " worked out " by the in
habitants and their tearas, under the direction of " Surveyors of
Highways; " but recently all the roads are placed under the su
pervision of a single person, who employs all necessary assistance.
Thus far, the new system has given general satisfaction.
Shortly before the commencement of the present century, an
effort was made to iraprove the great thoroughfares of public
travel by the construction of turnpikes. The"" First Massachu
setts Turnpike," in the towns of Palmer and Western (now War
ren), was chartered by the General Court, June 11, 1796, on
petition of the veteran stage-driver Levi Pease and others. So
popular did this moveinent speedily become, that at the end of
nine years (June 15, 1805) there were sixty sirailar corporations
in this Commonwealth. The corporators were required to con
struct and maintain good roads for the convenience and advan
tage of the public, and were empowered to erect gates thereon,
and to receive toll from all who passed through them with vehi
cle or beast, for their individual emolument. ^ Among the earliest
was the " Sixth Massachusetts Turnpike," which passed through
Hardwick. The indications are unraistakable that General War
ner ^ was the leading spirit in this enterprise ; and sixteen of
the twenty-nine petitioners for the charter were Hardwick raen.
The petition so vividly describes the condition of the roads at
that period that I insert it in full : —
" To the Honorable the Senate and the Honorable House of
Representatives in General Court asserabled. May, 1798.^ The
1 The experiment proved to be more ' Although his name is the seventeenth
profitable to the public than to the corpo- on the petition, yet in the Court Records
rators ; and before the introduction of rail- it is styled " the petition of Jonathan
roads, almost all the turnpikes in the Warner and others : " he is the first per-
Commonwealth were surrendered to the son named in the charter, and was the
towns wherein they were located, and be- first president of the corporation.
came public highways, by permission of " Probably the petition was prepared
the General Court. too late for presentation at the summer

CIVIL HISTORY. 149
subscribers, inhabitants of the counties of Hampshire, Worcester,
Middlesex, &c., humbly shew, that the road leading from Hadley,
through Amherst, Pelham, Greenwich, Hardwick, New Braintree,
Oakham, Rutland, Holden, and Worcester, to the great road in
Shrewsbury, which leads from New York to Boston, are at pres
ent very bad, and almost impassable for carriages, not from the
negligence and inattention of the said towns through which they
pass, but from the roughness of the country which is in many
places uneven, hilly, and very rocky, and that they can never be
properly repaired by the aforesaid towns without distressing them
with a very great and unreasonable burden ; ^ but that with suf
ficient labor and expense they are capable of being very much im
proved ; and that as the route from Albany to Boston is in a di
rect line through the aforesaid towns, by a proper improveraent
the travelling to the western part of the County [country ?] raay
be greatly facilitated, and the distance very considerably curtailed.
Your petitioners, therefore, from the fullest conviction of the im
portance of the measure to the trade and agriculture of the
County [country ?] pray that your Honors would grant to the sub
scribers and such as may associate with them an Act of Incorpo
ration, empowering them to make a good Turnpike Road from the
town of Hadley in the county of Hampshire to the town of
Shrewsbury in the county of Worcester, through the aforesaid
towns, with all such powers, rights, privileges, and tolls, as the
subject matter and the situation of the County [country ?] may
render necessary. And as in duty bound will ever pray,^ Fran
cis Blake, Moses White, Richard Kelly, Joseph Chaddock, Jesse
AUen, Artemas Howe, Roger West, Robert T. Field, Moses Man
deU,* James Paige, 2d,* Jason Mixter,* Samuel Beals,* Jonathan
Warner, 2d,* Timothy Paige,* James Lawton,* Nathaniel Whit
comb, Jonathan Warner,* Stephen Rice,* Nehemiah Hinds, John
Rinker,3 Lemuel Willis,* Seth Hinkley,* WiUiam Cutler,* Seth
Peirce,* Jonathan Danforth,* Abner Conant,* Joel Marsh,*
Thomas Powers, Zebina Montague." On this petition an order
of notice was issued February 25, 1799, returnable at " the first
session of the next General Court."* The charter was granted
session of the General Court, as no action ought to be required of the inhabitants of
was had on it until the following winter, said towns." Mass. Special Laws, ii.
1 The preamble to the charter also sets 327.
forth that the present highway " is rocky '^ The naraes marked with a star (*) in-
and mountainous, and the expense of dicate inhabitants of Hardwick.
making and maintaining the same, so that ' This name is spelled Rankin in the
it may be convenient for horses and car- charter.
riages, is much greater than reasonably * Mass. Spy, April 3, 1799.

150 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
June 22, 1799, omitting the names of some of the petitioners and
containing several additional names. The provisions of this char
ter raay be interesting to the younger portion of the present gener
ation, who do not remember the period of turnpikes. Among
other things, and principally, the corporators were authorized to
construct " a turnpike road from the east line of Amherst ... to
the great road in Shrewsbury, . . . which road or turnpike shall
not be less than four rods wide, and the path for travelling not
less than eighteen feet wide in any place'; ... the said corpora
tion may and shall be authorized to erect five turnpike gates ^ on
the sarae, . . . and shall be entitled to receive of each traveller
or passenger, at each of said gates, the following rate of toll, viz.,
for every coach, phaeton, chariot, or other four wheel carriage,
drawn by two horses, twenty-five cents, and if drawn by more
than two horses, an additional sum of four cents for each horse ;
for every cart or waggon, drawn by two oxen or horses, twelve
and a half cents, and if drawn by more than two oxen or horses,
an additional sura of three cents for each horse or ox ; for every
curricle, sixteen cents ; for every chaise, chair, or other carriage,
drawn by one horse, twelve and a half cents ; for every man and
horse, five cents ; for every sled or sleigh, drawn by two oxen' or
horses, nine cents, and if drawn by more than two oxen or horses,
an additional sum of three cents for every horse or ox ; for every
sled or sleigh, drawn by one horse, six cents ; for all horses, raules,
oxen, or neat cattle, led or driven, besides those in teams or car
riages, one cent each ; for all sheep or swine, at the rate of three
cents for one dozen. . . . Provided, that nothing within this act
shall extend to entitle the said corporation to demand or receive
toll of any person who shall be passing with his horse or carriage
to or from public worship, or with his horse, team, or cattle, to or
from his coraraon labor, or to or frora any raill, or on the comraon
or ordinary business of family concerns within the said town, or
from any person or persons passing on military duty." ^ And it
was " further enacted, that the first meeting of said corporation
shall be holden at the house of Jonathan Warner, in Hardwick
aforesaid, on the tenth day of September next, at ten of the clock
1 One of these gates was to be erected very honest though somewhat eccentric
"near the house of Zephaniah Spooner man.
in Hardwick" (near Muddy Brook) ; but 2 The town of Hardwick had previous-
it was soon afterwards placed near the ly (April 2, 1798) "voted, to let a Turn-
Old Furnace, between Moose Brook and pike Road go through the town, if the in-
Ware River ; where toll was gathered for habitants of the said town may pass and
many years by Mr. Ebenezer Cobb, a repass free of any expense in said town."

CIVIL HISTORY. 151
in the forenoon, for the purpose of choosing all such officers and
establishing such rules as said corporation may think proper." i
The corporation, when organized, issued an "advertisement,"
describing in strong terms the advantages which would accrue
both to the public and to the stockholders from the execution of
their design, and soliciting subscriptions : — " The PubUc are
informed that a Company has been incorporated by a late Act of
the legislature of Massachusetts, for the purpose of making a
Turnpike Road from Amherst in the County of Harapshire to
Shrewsbury in the County of Worcester, and that agreeably to
the act of incorporation the Company have proceeded to lay out
the road and make an estimate of the probable expense. The
object of this association is to establish a direct line of communi
cation frora Boston to Albany, and to facilitate the travelling
from Connecticut River to the Capital of Massachusetts. It is a
well-known fact that the trade of this wealthy and flourishing
part of New England has for many years past (in consequence
of the roughness of the roads and the difficulty of communication
with the town of Boston) beeh gradually diverted from our
metropolis to Hartford and New York. To the mercantile
interest of Boston this has becorae a very serious injury, and
with their brethren in the country a subject of very serious re
gret. It is presumed, therefore, that an enterprise, the object of
which is to remedy this evil, lis well as to promote the conven
ience of the public, cannot fail to meet the approbation and
encouragement of the citizens of Boston" in particular, and the
inhabitants of Massachusetts in general, even without the pros
pect of private emolument. But the proprietors, feeling them
selves authorized, from a due attention to the subject, to state to
the public a rational prospect of individual emolument to be
derived from an interest in this undertaking, calculate with con
fidence upon receiving such pecuniary aid from the patriotic and
liberal citizens of New England as will enable them to carry into
immediate effect the object of their association. They therefore
inform the pubUc that the proposed Turnpike comprehends a
distance of about forty-three miles, beginning at Shrewsbury, on
the great post road from Boston to New York, passing through
a fertile and flourishing country in the counties of Worcester and
Hampshire, and terminating at Amherst, on Connecticut River,
where it wiU connect with a turnpike already established from
Northampton to the Une of the State of New York. It is well
1 Mass. Special Laws, ii. 327-331.

152 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
ascertained that this is the most direct route from Boston to
Albany, and will embrace the travelling from the western
country and the most flourishing settlements on Connecticut
River, within the States of Massachusetts and Vermont. From
the best information, the proprietors of the turnpike from North
ampton, with which this is to be immediately connected, have
already realized frora seven to nine per cent for their capital, and
their incorae is rapidly increasing. From the difference in the
face of the country, the proposed turnpike will be made with
much less expense than the other, and the income of course
proportionably greater. The expense has been estimated by a
committee appointed for that purpose at twenty-five thousand
five hundred and thirty dollars,^ which sum is divided into ten
hundred and twenty-one shares, at twenty-five dollars each.
The first assessment is five dollars, which sum is to be paid on
the delivery of the Certificate, and the future assessments made
known by advertiseraents in the public papers. It is contem
plated by the proprietors to engage in the business early in the
ensuing spring, and if sufficient encouragement can be obtained
to have the road completed in the course of the next season.
Many wealthy and respectable inhabitants of the country are
now earnestly engaged in the object, and solicit the co-operation
of the commercial citizens of Boston, whose interest is so pe
culiarly concerned, and upon whose assistance the accomplish
ment of the work will perhaps ultimately depend. The shares
are now offered for sale, and any person inclining to become
interested in an enterprise which affords a fair prospect of private
advantage and of great public utility raay receive more particular
information, and have an opportunity of purchasing until the
10th day of February next (at which time the sales will be
closed), by applying to the following persons, viz. : Mr. John
Marston, N. Patch, Boston ; Nathaniel Paine, Esq., Worcester ;
Ebenezer Hunt, Esq., Northampton ; John Dodds, Esq., or Mr.
Lemuel Davis, Holden ; Moses White, Esq., or Francis Blake,
Esq., Rutiand; Doctor Spencer Field, Oakham; Jonathan
Warner, Esq., Hardwick ; Thomas Powers, Esq., Greenwich ;
Major John Conkey, Pelham. Signed by order of the Corpora
tion. Jonathan Warner, President." ^
I As generally happens in similar cases, in one summer; and cost about thirty-
thp expense far exceeded the estimate, three thousand doUars." Reed's Hist, of
The " Road was forty-three miles and one Rutland, p. 44.
hundred and twelve rods long ; was made 2 Mass. Spy, January 1, 1800.

CIVIL HISTORY. 153
The corporators and stockholders were disappointed in their
hope of individual profit. The construction of the road involved
an expense of about eight thousand doUars beyond the estimate,
the payment of which absorbed all or nearly all the net incorae.
By a stateraent signed " Jonas Reed, late Proprietors' Clerk," it
appears that " the road being made and accepted, the Corporation
for a little time took considerable toll ; but it was appropriated
to the payment of outstanding debts. The proprietors were
under the necessity of taking their own money to pay themselves.
New roads were made, toll evaded, and the shares had the same
destiny as the old Continental money. The Corporation relin
quished its Franchise, and on August 11,1828, held its last raeet
ing. The turnpike became a County road or comraon High
way."^ But though the proprietors thus suffered loss, the towns
through which the turnpike passed were doubtless benefited by
its construction. It became a more direct and practicable
thoroughfare, and the tide of travel was attracted to it, with the
usual profitable results. In Hardwick, the turnpike followed
substantially the county road from the Old Furnace to Green
wich village, except between the Comraon and the house of Mr.
John W. Paige (marked " J. Gorham " on the R. map). The
old road from the southwesterly corner of the Common ran
westerly up the steep hill ^ until it intersected the present road
to Ware, and then more northerly to its junction with the turn
pike. Both ends of this old road, which was discontinued in
1808, reraain visible to the present day, and its whole course
may be traced with little difficulty.' By the construction of the
turnpike, the distance was shortened and the ascent of the hill
rendered more easy.
About half a century later. May 24, 1851, a charter was
granted to Charles A. Stevens, Jason Gorham, William Mixter,
and their associates, to construct the Ware River Railroad from
1 Reed's Hist, of Rutland, pp. 44, 45. the proprietors, February 21, 1732-3, " to
2 From a point near the middle of this set a meeting house on, and for a burial
steep ascent, a road diverged at right place, and a training field." For this lot
angles, and passed southerly towards another was afterwards substituted, and
Gilbertville to its junction with the pres- half an acre in the northwest corner of
ent road (which was laid out in 1808 as a the original "ten acres" was granted,
connty road), about a hundred rods north March 10, 1761, to " those people called
of the house of Mr. Forester B. Aiken. the Separate Society in Hardwick," who
8 The northerly section of this old erected a meeting house thereon and oe-
road was probably the westerly boundary cupied it a few years.
of the " ten acres " which was granted by

154 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Palraer to the line of New Harapshire, to be constructed within
two years.i Additional time for its construction was repeatedly
granted by the General Court, but in vain. At length a new
charter was granted, March 16, 1867, to George H. GUbert, Wil
liam Mixter, Orrin Sage, Charles A. Stevens, George S. Hill, and
their associates, authorizing them, for the purpose of construction,
to divide the road into four sections, viz. : 1. From Palmer to
Gilbertville ; 2. From Gilbertville to Barre ; 3. From Barre to
Terapleton ; and 4. From Terapleton to the New Hampshire
line ; and also to " receive subscriptions for the building of each
of said sections separately." ^ The time liraited for its construc
tion having expired, the charter was revived by the General
Court, April 1, 1869, and the corporators were authorized. May
22, 1869, to mortgage the road to secure the payment of bonds to
be issued to defray the expense of construction.^ By an act
passed March 15, 1870, the several towns through which this
road was to pass were authorized to subscribe for stock, not ex
ceeding in amount five per cent, of the assessed valuation of each
town, by a majority of two thirds of the voters voting thereon by
ballot.* Accordingly, at a town-raeeting, June 27, 1870, it was
voted, " That the town of Hardwick subscribe for thirty thousand
dollars of the capital stock of the Ware River Railroad Com
pany, under and pursuant to the authority given by an Act of the
Legislature of Massachusetts, at the late session thereof ; such
araount to be applied to the construction of the second section of
the said Ware River Railroad, frora Gilbertville to Barre." On
this question, the votes were. Yeas, 113 ; Nays, 43. The road
was soon afterwards constructed and put in operation.^ It proved
unprofitable, however, to the proprietors, and the bondholders
foreclosed the mortgage, and sold the property for a sura not ex
ceeding the araount of the bonds. The General Court had al
ready, April 21, 1873, authorized the purchasers at this sale to
organize a new corapany under the old narae, and to issue new
bonds secured by raortgage." The new corapany was duly or
ganized, and it is understood that the property yields a satisfac
tory income to the present stockholders. To the original sub
scribers, towns as well as individuals, the araount invested was
entirely lost ; nevertheless, to the towns and to raany individuals
1 Mass. Special Laws, ix. 408. 6 Cars commenced running to Gilbert-
2 Ibid., xii. 202. viUe in 1870 ; to Barre about 1872.
° •'^*"^'> xii. 763. 6 Mass. Special Laws, xiii. 582.
* Ibid., xii. 907.

CIVIL HISTORY. 155
the loss was fully balanced by the incidental benefit derived from
the construction of the road. Both the agricultural and manu
facturing interests of the town were promoted by the increased
facilities of transportation ; and the town was enriched rather
than impoverished by the expenditure.
In the year 1870 the railroad fever raged violently in Hard
wick. Not content with one road, involving an expense of thirty
thousand dollars, the town pledged its credit for almost as large
a sum, to aid in the construction of another, which promised even
greater advantages, and which, if it shall ever be corapleted, will
probably redeem this promise, substantially, in spite of its failure
to perform the stipulated conditions. On the 10th day of May,
1870, the General Court incorporated Edward Denny and others
(among whom was Constant Southworth of Hardwick), as the
" Massachusetts Central Railroad Corapany," and authorized
them to " locate, construct, maintain, and operate a railroad, with
one or more tracks, coramencing at some convenient point in the
town of Williamsburg, thence running by the raost convenient
route through the towns of Northampton, Easthampton, West-
hampton, Hatfield, Hadley, South Hadley, Amherst, Granby,
Ludlow, Belchertown, Enfield, Greenwich, Ware, Palraer, West
Bi'ookfield, New Braintree, Hardwick, Dana, Petershara, Barre,
Phillipston, Oakhara, Hubbardston, Rutland, Princeton, Holden,
Sterling, Boylston, West Boylston, Clinton, Lancaster, Northbor
ough, Berlin, Bolton, Hudson, Stow, and Marlborough, or any
of them, to Mill Village, thence over the line of the Wayland
and Sudbury Branch Railroad Company, incorporated in the year
1868, to its terrainus near the Stony Brook Station on the Fitch
burg Railroad," with authority to becorae consolidated with the
said Wayland and Sudbury Railroad and the WiUiamsburg and
North Adams Railroad, and to use the tracks of intersecting rail
roads." ^ An inspection of the map will show that as far as to
the easterly line of the county of Worcester, this roving coramis
sion embraced almost the entire territory between the Fitchburg
and the Boston and Albany railroads ; and, at one time or an
other, a large portion of it has been surveyed, and selected as
" the most convenient route." Hardwick had its full share of
these surveys, selections, and changes. After many ineffectual
attempts had been made to find a feasible route across or near the
Common, it was determined to follow the valley of Ware River,
1 Mass. Special Laws, xii. 736.

156 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
either upon or parallel with the Ware River RaUroad, from the
northeast corner of the town to a point near Gilbertville, and
thence to sweep around westerly and northerly almost or quite to
Southworth's Mills in the northwest part of the town, near Green
wich. Upon the westerly portion of this route large sums of
money were expended, in deep excavations of rocky hills, high
embankments across valleys, and abutments for bridges, which
may hereafter be a study for antiquaries ; but the work was at
length abandoned, to the grievous disappointment of Mr. South-
worth and others who had actively labored in behalf of the road,
and a new route was adopted, extending down the River Valley
to Ware Village, thus entirely avoiding the highlands in Hard
wick. Whether this will be the permanent location of the road,
and how soon the proposed work maybe completed, are problems
yet unsolved.
By the act of incorporation, the several towns on the line of the
railroad were authorized to subscribe for its stock, to an amount
not exceeding five per cent, of their respective taxable valuation.
Encouraged by the hope that the several portions of the town
would be benefited by accessible stations, at a town-raeeting held
November 8, 1870, it was " voted by one hundred and thirty-four
(134) yes, to ninety (90) no, by ballot, that the Treasurer of the
town of Hardwick be and he is hereby authorized and directed to
subscribe iraraediately, in the name of the town of Hardwick for
two hundred and eighty-one shares of one hundred dollars each, of
the capital stock of the Massachusetts Central Railroad Corapany,
agreeably to the terras of their charter, being 260 of the Acts of
1869. Provided, that this subscription be made upon the follow
ing conditions, to wit : that the said Road shall be located, and a
contract be made with responsible parties to construct the Railroad
of said Company from Northampton, through and by the way of
Greenwich and Hardwick, north of the Dugal ^ Hill, so as to
make a continuous line to Stony Brook Station on the Fitchburg
Railroad ; and further provided, that the town shall not be liable
to any amount till not less than three millions of dollars, including
this subscription, shall have been made to the capital stock of said
company. And provided further, that a depot for freight and pas
sengers be established in the vicinity of the Old Furnace, Hard
wick, and another in the most convenient locality between Gil
bertville and the centre of Hardwick. And provided further, that
this subscription shall not be valid, unless the whole capital stock
1 Or " McDougal," or " Bugle."

CIVIL HISTORY. 157
•
of- three miUion dollars be subscribed by responsible parties
within six months from the first day of January next." It is
questionable whether any of these conditions have ever been ful
flUed by the Railroad Company. It is certain that some of them
have not been fulfilled, and have become impossible of perform
ance, unless the strange doctrine be held, that a location of the
road north of Bugle Hill, and the stating of a place for a depot
between Gilbertville and the centre of the town, was a substan
tial fulfilment of the conditions, notwithstanding the road was
never constructed, and the location was utterly abandoned. Nev
ertheless, on the presumption that the Company would comply
with the conditions in good faith, the town paid forty per cent, of
its subscription, amounting to |11,240 ; but on the 5th of No
vember, 1872, it was " voted, that the money on the subscription
of the town of Hardwick to the capital stock of the Massachusetts
Central Railroad be withheld until the definite location of the de
pots of said Railroad in the vicinity of the Old Furnace Village,
Hardwick, and between the Comraon in said Hardwick and Gil
bertville, and until the depot in the vicinity of the Old Furnace
Village be located within the limits of the town of Hardwick." ^
During the controversy which ensued, the Railroad Company
proposed to sell the stock belonging to the town ; whereupon at a
town-meeting, August 3, 1878, " voted and chose Hon. WilUam
Mixter an agent of the town of Hardwick to agree with the Di
rectors of the Massachusetts Central Railroad Company, that if
the said Company will consent not to sell the shares of the town
in the stock of said Company, as heretofore notified, the town
will waive all benefit of the Statute of Limitations for six months
from this date," without prejudice to the legal rights of either
party. A similar vote was passed, February 6, 1879, extending the
tirae two years. Whether the town will hereafter be corapelled
to pay the remaining sixty per cent, of its subscription, not
withstanding the non-performance of the conditions, or whether,
in consequence of such non-perforraance the company will be re
quired to refund the amount already paid, remains to be judi
cially determined. Meantime there is now an encouraging pros
pect that at least so much of the road as will shorten the distance
between Hardwick and Boston twenty miles will be completed at
no remote day, and that the town will thus obtain a great advan
tage, though less than it bargained for.
1 The company had commenced grad- not " within the limits of the town of
ing the road on the east aide of the river, Hardwick."
passing the Furnace Village at a point

158 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Pounds. One of the earliest safeguards against the destruc
tion of property in the infant settlement was the establishment
of a pound for the oonfineraent of cattle unlawfully running at
large. At the third meeting, after partial town privileges had
been obtained, holden June 30, 1737, it was " voted, that George
Abbott provide a Pound and be the pound-keeper for this year ; "
the next year, August 8, 1738, it was " voted, that Benjamin
Smith's yard be a Pound for the town this year ; " and at the
first raeeting after the town was fully incorporated, holden April
3, 1739, it was " voted, that the town will build a Pound, thirty
feet square, and that it shall be set near the meeting house,i and
that Samuel Robinson be the man to build said Pound according
to law." This inclosure served its purpose raore than half a cen
tury ; but on the 3d of- March, 1794, it was " voted, that Jonathan
Danforth finish the Pound before the first day of June next."
This vote is supposed to refer to the pound on the westerly side
of Great Meadow Brook, where it is crossed by the old turnpike,
near the spot where Mr. Danforth then resided, now owned and
occupied by Captain Orin Trow. The substantial stone walls
remain standing, and fragments of the fence, composed of sawed
chestnut posts and rails, are still visible, after so long exposure.^
Paupers. The first reference to that unfortunate class, de
pendent on public charity and support, which appears on record,
is under date of March 7, 1747-8, when upon an article in the
warrant, " to see if the town will raise money to maintain Han
nah Maccoye, sent to this town for that intent," it was " voted
to raise fifty pounds, old tenor, to maintain Hannah Maccoye; "
she remained chargeable until 1765. Doubtless other persons
had received public assistance at an earlier date ; indeed, it is
alleged by General Ruggles, in a petition dated in 1754 and
heretofore quoted, that " the inhabitants of said town are obliged
to be at a great expense for the support of several poor and in
digent persons ; " but the aid was probably rendered frora the
general fund raised for town expenses. From the annual ac
counts of the town treasurer, and frora other sources, the fol
lowing naraes are gathered of persons who received public aid up
to the end of the last century ; the figures denote the date when
' It was on the westerly side of the my childish wonder three quarters of a
Common, near the late residence of Mr. century ago, and whose gradual decay I
Moses Smith. have since observed at short intervals of
^ I am very confident that these are time.
fragments of the same fence which excited

CIVIL HISTORY. 159
such aid was first rendered : Edmund Jordan's wife and chUdren,
1757 ; 1 Isaiah Glazier's children, 1761 ; Temperance Pratt,
1764; 2 Sarah Cumraings, 1764; Widow Zerviah Pratt, 1765,
died AprU 18, 1798, aged 89; Ephraim Rice's wife, 1765;
Samuel Abbott, " a poor chUd," 1766 ; Charles Thomas, " a
poor child," in care of Asa Hatch, 1768 ; James Harwood's wife,
1777 ; Mary Stratton, " a poor giri," 1783 ; Widow Mary Brad
shaw, 1786; John Hedge, 1786; Thomas Shaw, 1786; Paul
Morgan,^ 1789; Widow Jerairaa Blackington, 1792, died May
18, 1796, aged 70 ; Isaac Pratt, 1793, "died Noveraber 27, 1808,
aged 83 ; Hannah Aiken, 1798, died December 9, 1814, aged
64; Anna Farr, 1799; Abraham Chamberlin and wife, 1799;
John Hunt, and wife, and child, 1799 ; Edward Curtis, 1800, died
October 17, 1800, aged 66 ; Roxa Elwell, 1800, temporarily.
What method was originally adopted for furnishing the neces
sary assistance to paupers, does not appear ; but at the com
mencement of this century, and for many years afterwards, their
maintenance was allotted to the lowest bidder, from year to
year,* with this qualificatioii, however, that a preference was
given to relatives who were willing to assurae the task.^ But in
1837 a more humane plan was adopted ; and at a town meeting,
April 3, 1837, after appropriating the sum of |2,000 (a portion
of the "Surplus Revenue" received by the town) to defray the
expense of building a Town Hall, it was " voted, to^ apply the
residue of said surplus to the purchase of a Farra, on which to
support the paupers ; voted, that the present Board of Selectmen
be a committee to purchase a Farm for the purpose of making it
a home for our paupers ; " and on the 13th of the following No
veraber it was " voted, to instruct the selectmen to complete the
purchase of the Farm of Mr. John Wheeler, on the terms they
1 Edmund Jordan died in the army, 1819, to wit: — Daniel Thoraas .ind wife
1756. to Ephraim Ruggles; Molly Reed (who
2 Temperance Pratt was an idiotic died January 22, 1822, aged 83) to Jede-
daughter of Widow Zerviah Pratt, and re- diah Dexter ; Mrs. Haramon to Bassett
mained a pauper for fifty years, until she Fay ; Anna Farr to David Bond ; Mrs.
died December 17, 1814, aged 64. Hedge to SaUy Hedge; Hannah Morgan
3 Paul Morgan had the care of a grist- (State pauper) to Deacon Joseph Allen ;
mill which formerly stood near the pres- Dudley F. Lawrence to Ephraim Rug-
ent residence of Captain Orin Trow ; he gles ; Widow Freeman to Jedediah Dex-
died in 1789; his widow Hannah, also a ter; Lucius Doolittle to Franklin Rug-
pauper near the close of her life, died gles ; Widow Newton and two children
January 17, 1824, at the supposed age of to Samuel Freeman.
95 years. ' In 1811, and for several years earlier
* On a loose paper among the archives and later, Sally Hedge was paid for sup-
in the town clerk's office is a memoran- porting her grandmother. Deliverance
dum of the disposition of the paupers in Hedge, who died June 4, 1819, aged 93.

160 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
have reported." On this farm suitable buUdings were erected
for the convenience and comfort of the poor, who were thenceforth
protected against an annual flitting from one family to another,
and from the constant peril of being coraraitted to the charge of
such persons as would have less regard for their welfare than for
their own personal profit. Under the judicious and tender care
of a warden and matron, the inmates are made more comfortable
in their old age and helplessness, without material increase of the
expenses of the town.
Before dismissing this subject, it may be mentioned that a
speculation in the maintenance of State Paupers was once seri
ously proposed in town meeting. Who suggested the idea, or
advocated the measure, does not appear ; but the following vote
was passed. May 9, 1791, and duly recorded : " Voted, that
the town will receive one third part of the poor persons sup
ported by the Commonwealth, and they hereby offer and agree,
on their part, to support said poor persons, with suitable lodging
and boarding, for the terra of ten years from and after the time
of contracting, provided the Comraonwealth will pay them five
shillings per week for adults, and two shillings and sixpence per
week for children, and their proportion of one hundred pounds
per annura for doctoring said poor, the money to be paid quar
terly ; and will remove said poor frora Boston at their own ex
pense." I find no evidence that their offer was accepted, or that
any further action was had by the town in reference to this
magnificent project.
Slavery. There are very faint traces of human bondage in
Hardwick. Among the marriages solemnized by Rev. Mr.
White was that of " Tack and Rose, Kenelm Winslow's man and
raaid servant, AprU y" 3^ 1755." Mr. Winslow not long after
wards reraoved to Petershara, and in his will, dated AprU 5,
1775, gave to his wife, during her widowhood, his three negroes,
Sarah, Rose, and Phillis, probably the offspring from this mar
riage. Rev. Mr. White also baptized, July 27, 1755, " Zebulon,
the son of PhUip and Bathsheba, man and maid servant to
Capt. Joseph Warner," and a second Zebulon, son of the sarae
parents, April 10, 1757. One more slave appears where we
might least expect to find him, namely, in possession of a man
who had served in the French war, on behalf of his country ;
who had already accepted office as captain of a company of
minute-men, ready to march, at a moment's notice in defence of

CIVIL HISTORY. 161
human rights against foreign domination, and did thus march,
soon afterwards ; and who, a dozen years later, again took up
arms and put his life in peril, when he imagined the execution
of law would be hurtful to the poorer class of the community.
Moreover, he had never lived in luxury, but evidently suffered
financial embarrassment, and seemed in no respect exposed to
the temptation of holding a fellow-man in bondage. But the
following advertisement shows that his practice was inconsistent
with his avowed principles, and unsuited to his condition :
" Fifteen Dollars Reward. Ran away frora rae, the sub
scriber, on Thursday, the twentieth of October instant, a Negro
Man, naraed Caesar, abput 26 years old, five feet four inches high ;
had on, when he went away, a green ratteen coat, red everlasting
jacket, white linen breeches, blue yarn stockings ; he has a raark
or scar over one of his eyes, the little finger of his left hand is a
little crooked by the cut of a sickle ; it is suspected that some
one assisted him, by changing cloaths, or gave him a pass ; Who
ever will take up said Negro and return him to me, or confine
him to any of his Majesty's Goals, so that he may be returned to
me, shall have the above reward and all necessary charges paid
by Simeon Hazeltine. Hardwick, October 21, 1774." i Cap
tain Hazeltine himself became a fugitive in 1787, to escape the
consequences of his active participation in the " Shays Rebellion."
There is no evidence that many negroes, bond or free, ever re
sided here. A census of the inhabitants twenty-one years of age
and upwards, was taken, January 31, 1777, by the Selectmen and
Committee of Correspondence, who certified that " we have no
Quakers, no Indians, and no Negroes." Probably, however,
there were some negro inhabitants under twenty-one years old ;
for in May, 1781, a descriptive Roll of men, enlisted in the array
for three years, contains the names of Cato Boston, aged 22,
Jupiter Lee, aged 16, and Zebulon Bassett, aged 23, aU described
as " black." The last named patriotic soldier was probably the
same Zebulon, son of Captain Joseph Warner's servants, who
was baptized April 10, 1757. At a later day, a few negro fami
lies have resided here, but never many at any one period ; and
never at any time have they disturbed the peace of the community.
Town House. For nearly a century after its incorporation,
the town held its public meetings in the Congregational meeting
house, which was the common property of the town, — the town
1 Boston Gazette, October 24, 1774.
11

162 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
and parish being substantially the same. At length a portion of
the old parish withdrew, organized a new society, and erected a
meeting-house at the south end of the coramon. A Universalist
Society had also been formed, which held its meetings in a hall,
and no longer contributed towards the^xpenses of the old parish.
Under such circumstances, it was unreasonable' that the whole
town should make free use of a meeting-house which belonged to
a single parish, and was to be kept in repair or rebuilt without
expense to the town in its corporate capacity. Better accomrao
dations for the transaction of public business were also needed
and generally desired. Accordingly, at a town raeeting, April
4, 1836, " the Coramittee to whom was referred the subject of
building a Town House made a report, accompanied by a plan,
recoramending to the town to build such a house, estimating the
expense at |1,500." The report was accepted, and a committee
was appointed to carry the recommendation into effect, and to
"select a suitable spot for the erection of said house in the old
burying-ground." The northwest corner of the burial-place
was selected, August 22, 1836, on which a convenient edifice was
constructed, two stories high, having on the lower floor rooms for
the use of the various boards of town officers, and on the second
floor a spacious hall for town-meetings and for other large assem
blies. The cost of the building was defrayed without resort to
taxation. Fortunately the revenue of the United States had ex
ceeded the necessary disbursements, and a surplus had accumu
lated in the Treasury. This surplus was divided by Congress
among the several States ; and the General Court of Massachu
setts distributed its share to the several towns, on certain condi
tions, one of which was that each town should refund its propor
tion, if it should afterwards be demanded. On the 3d of April,
1837, it was " voted, that the town consent to receive their pro
portion of the Surplus Revenue, under the conditions and limita
tions imposed by law. . . . Voted, that two thousand doUars of
said Surplus be appropriated to the discharge of the debt to be
incurred by building the Town House, and to discharge the other
debts of the town."
Having corapleted the edifice and paid for it, the town mani
fested a willingness that it should be used for purposes other than
strictiy municipal affairs ; and while it rightly deraanded com
pensation from those who used it, was very moderate in its ex
actions. Moreover, in the use of the Hall a proper distmction
was made between the common benefit of the public and the

CIVIL HISTORY. 163
private advantage of a class, or of individuals. Having author
ized the selectmen, November 13, 1837, " to take charge of the
Town House, to keep it in order, to let it, &c.," the town gave
some special directions concerning its use. May 8, 1838, when it
was " voted that the Universalist Society shall be entitled to use
the Town Hall as a place of worship, on the second Sabbath of
each month, at one dollar per Sabbath, and oftener at the same
rate, if the Hall be not otherwise engaged, and said Society can
obtain preaching ; also that said Society be entitled to the use of
said Hall for evening Lectures, at the rate of fifty cents for each
evening : ^ — voted, that the use of the Hall be granted to Mr.
Goldsbury, for the purpose of keeping a High School, at the rate
of five dollars per quarter; daraages done to the Hall by the
school to be repaired by the school : — voted, that the Hardwick
Lyceum be entitled to the use of the Hall without paying any
thing to the town : — voted, that the use of the Hall be granted
for the purpose of singing, without any charge therefor being
made by the town." The High School was closed in 1839, and
about two years later the Universalist Society, having erected a
new meeting-house (under a mutual arrangement with the Con
gregational Society), ceased to occupy the Hall " as a place of
worship " ; but it continues to be used for all proper purposes,
either gratuitously, or at a very reasonable charge. On the 24th
of May, 1847, the town accepted a bell, as a gift from Jason
Mixter, Esq., and ordered it to be placed on the Town House,
bearing this appropriate inscription, — " Presented to the Town
by Jason Mixter, Esq., A. D. 1847."
Burial-Places. In the " Massachusetts Spy," dated Friday,
June 2, 1871, it was announced that, — " Last Friday, as the
workmen on the Ware River Railroad were engaged in excavat
ing for the road-bed in Hard-wick, near Old Furnace Village,
they came upon an old graveyard, where they have exhumed
some ten or twelve skeletons. The Town Records have been
searched, and nothing can be found that gives any information
in regard to the matter. An old lady, eighty-five years of age,
says that her grandfather used to tell of a public burying-ground
somewhere in that locality. At present the whole affair is a
mystery, and there seems to be no means of obtaining any clue
in regard to the matter." Additional particulars were mentioned
1 On the passage of this vote, which was sharply contested, there were 45 yeas
and 34 nays.

164 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
in the " Springfield Republican " of the same date : " Twenty-
eight skeletons had been exhumed, up to Tuesday night, in the
old cemetery at Furnace Village, Hardwick, brought to Ught by
the excavations for the Ware River Railroad, and there was a
prospect of finding still more. These were all found in a space
of fifty feet in length and twenty feet wide, being the square cut
upon the centre line of the road-bed. It is very curious that no
definite information in regard to so large a yard can be obtained.
The remains that have been lately taken out have the hair more
plainly defined than the first, and pieces of boards, used in mak
ing the coffins, have been found, — in fact were attached to cof
fin-nails, old fashioned, wrought, about such as blacksmiths use
for horse-shoes, now-a-days. The pieces of boards were so plainly
defined that one could tell that the boards were split from the
logs instead of being sawed."
I visited the place ^ June 8, 1871, and found the skeletons de
scribed, then numbering thirty ; some were of persons apparently
well advanced in life, some of middle age, and others of young
children. The number exceeded my expectations ; but that
several persons had been buried there, was a tradition, current
in my boyhood, though strangely unfamiliar to the present gen
eration. Indeed, the greatest " mystery " in regard to this mat
ter is, that so few persons now living should have any knowledge
or remembrance of that tVadition ; I could find none, except the
" old lady,^ eighty-five years old " in 1871, and her recollection
was vague and indistinct. Among the very earliest pioneers, if
not absolutely the first, was William Thomas, the owner and oc
cupant of the farm where the skeletons were found. Nearly
three quarters of a century ago I received from my elders the
tradition that he and several members of his family were buried
on his own farm, and that some of his neighbors had permission
to bury their dead in the same place. The precise spot was
never designated to me ; but it was always described as on this
farm, and there can be no reasonable doubt that it was where
the skeletons were exhumed in 1871. Mr. Thomas died May
22, 1747, aged probably about 60 ; his wife Patience died October
27, 1746. In 1749 the farm passed out of the possession of the
Thomas family, and gradually all traces of the ancient graves
were obliterated.
1 This spot is about a mile and a quar- twenty rods southeasterly from the house
ter southerly from the Furnace Village, marked " C. Paige " on the R. map.
and nearly three miles southeasterly from 2 Daughter of Deacon James Paige,
the Common ; it is a graveUy knoU, about and mother of Deacon James N. Brown.
She died June 16, 1880.

CIVIL HISTORY. 165
This was never a public burial-place, and no reference to it on
the Town Records need be expected. Mr. Thomas had posses
sion of this farm and occupied a house thereon as early as Decem
ber 13, 1732, and how much earlier does not appear. Before
the public burial-place was established, before any saw-mills were
erected, as is indicated by some remnants of " boards, split from
the logs instead of being sawed," and possibly before he had any
neighbors nearer than Rutland and Brookfield, some member of
his family may have deceased ; and in such case it was natural
that he should use a portion of his own land as a private ceme
tery ; it was natural, also, that he and his family, as long as they
retained possession of the farm, should bury their dead in the
same place. It is a part of the tradition, and the large nuraber
of skeletons indicates the same fact, that some of the neighboring
families were buried in this rural spot, so much more easy of
access than the public burial-place on the highlands, even after it
was prepared for use. There may have been a special reason for
the clustering of graves in this spot, if there be substantial truth
in another tradition, communicated to me in 1838, by a very in
telligent lady,^ then ninety years old, namely, that before the
first meeting-house was erected on the Common, meetings for re
ligious worship were for some time held in or near the house of
Mr. Thomas. If this were so, it was natural that his neighbors
should desire to bury their dead here rather than on their own
farms.2 Except the theory mentioned in the note, I am not
aware that any other explanation has been offered concerning
the bones, which having rested undisturbed for more than a cen
tury, until the memory of them had nearly perished from the
1 The widow of Major-General Jona- the logs instead of being sawed ; " nor is
than Warner. it probable that so many women and
2 A theory gained temporary currency children were camp-followers, and died
that these skeletons were " the relics of a in one winter, as the skeletons indicate.
portion of the Shays RebeUion ; " that Moreover, there is no evidence that the
after the attack on the arsenal at Spring- Shays army ever entered Hardwick, after
field in January, 1787, "the Shays party the retreat from Springfield. On the
retreated to Hardwick where they en- contrary, aU the authorities agree that
camped and kept quiet. That winter was instead of encamping and keeping quiet,
severe, and many died, being buried in here or elsewhere, through the winter,
rough wooden boxes." But this theory the troops were utterly routed and scaO
is incrediblefor several reasons: — What tered at Petersham, February 4, 1787,
ever may have been the scarcity when the just ten days after their abortive attempt
first deaths occurred in the farailies of at Springfield. Indeed, they did not even
Mr. Thomas and his neighbors, there was pass through Hardwick on their retreat,
certainly no lack of saw-mills half a cen- but fled from Petersham in the opposite
tury later, in 1787, nor any necessity to direction through Athol.
construct coffins of boards "split from

166 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
earth, were accidentally disinterred in 1871, to the great astonish
ment and bewilderment of the living inhabitants. After due
examination, they were placed together in a box and again depos
ited in the earth, under the direction of the selectmen.
The oldest pubhc burial-place in Hardwick is in the centre of
the town, on the east side of the Common. It is not a part of
the " ten acres," devoted by the proprietors, February 21, 1732-3,
to public use ; but it was probably substituted for the original
grant, about 1741, when the second meeting-house was erected.
How early this burial-place was used does not appear. The most
ancient date now to be found on any head-stone, is on that of Han
nah, wife of Thoraas Haskell, who died. May 16, 1749, aged 25.
Deacon John White, the father of Rev. David White, was born
at an earlier date (1663) than any other person known to have
been buried in that ground ; he died November 13, 1750, in the
eighty-eighth year of his age. Next to him in seniority of birth
was Daniel Warner, the progenitor of almost all who now bear
that name in Hardwick, who was born in 1666, and died March
12, 1754, in the eighty-eighth year of his age. Both of these pa
triarchs were born in Hatfield. Far exceeding them in age, and
the oldest person ever buried in that ground, was Mercy, widow
of Deacon William Paige, who was born at Brookfield January
3, 1720-1, and died here February 19, 1823, having completed
more than one hundred and two years of life.
This burial-place has been sadly shorn of its original propor
tions. In 1768 the northerly line was 15^ rods in length ; the east
erly line, 14 rods ; and the southerly Une, 11 rods. The westerly
line appears to have been a continuation of what is now the east
erly line of the road running northerly from the Common towards
Petersham.i The first mutilation was authorized by a vote
passed May 9, 1791, when a committee consisting of sixteen
prominent inhabitants, previously appointed " to view the Com
mon and the lands adjoining, and see what alterations may be
convenient and necessary to be made ; also to inquire of the pro-
1 These dimensions are gleaned from were several depressions in the surface of
a deed of the meeting-house lot to the the ground on the easterly side of the
town, executed by John Rowe, May 30, present Common, which were then re-
1768, and another deed of the adjoining puted to be indications of ancient graves;
premises to Daniel Ruggles, from the but whether their contents had been re-
heirs of the same John Rowe, dated July moved to the present contracted liraits of
9, 1803. Wore. Reg. Deeds, lix. 113; the burial-place, is not certainly known.
cliv. 126. In my school-boy days there

CIVIL HISTORY. 167
prietors of the lands adjoinging, to know of them on what condi
tions they wiU dispose of their lands, provided the committee
shall think it expedient to enlarge the Common ; also to exam
ine respecting the expediency and propriety of reraoving the
Burying-yard wall, and laying a part of the present Burying-yard
coramon," submitted a report which was accepted ; and the town
thereupon voted to enlarge the Common by taking in a portion
of the burying-ground on the easterly side of the Coramon, and
a strip of land on the westerly side, given by General Warner on
certain conditions to which the town assented. No further mate
rial encroachment seems to have been made until August 22,
1836, when the town instructed its committee to erect a Town
House " on the northwest corner of the old Burying-ground."
At this tirae a new cemetery had been established, and an incUna-
tion was exhibited by many, not only to discontinue their accus
tomed use of this place, haUowed for a century by the dust of the
dead and the tears of the living, but to sell it outright, for
" thirty pieces of silver," more or less, and permit it to be utterly
perverted from its original destination.^ It was thought to be
a desirable location for dwelling-houses, and especially for stores
and public buUdings. The Town House had covered several
1 While this spirit of vandalism was fruitful fields and pleasant gardens, sleep
rife, the town celebrated its centennial there. They sleep there, who labored,
anniversary. In the address on that oc- suffered privation, and freely perilled
casion my fellow citizens were besought their lives in contests with savage beasts
to refrain from the proposed alienation of and more savage men, that we might en-
this " God's acre " from the use to which joy plenty, and liberty, and peace. Of all
it had been piously dedicated. I venture which they once possessed, they withheld
to republish the appeal in this note : — nothing from us, but that small spot of
" Of those who commenced the settle- ground, where, with their fellow-laborers
ment here, not one remains. Most of those and fellow-sufl'erers, their wives and their
who were active, during the first fifty children, they might rest in peace till the
years of our history, have also departed, resurrection. Let us not grudge them
They sleep in the grave, — all that was this scanty pittance. They gave us their
mortal of them, — chiefly in the inclosure houses and lands ; — do not deprive them
near this house, which was devoted as a of their graves. Let not their ashes be
burial-place, by the proprietors of the scattered to the four winds, nor their
township. I exceedingly regret that a few bones be thrown out, to he trampled
individuals have manifested a disposition under foot by the unthinking multitude.
to appropriate it to other purposes en- Let not that spot of ground, already shorn
tirely. I know not how some persons of its original proportions, be further des-
may feel on this subject. But my fathers ecrated. Let it rather be neatly and sub-
sleep in that ground ; and I would gladly stantially inclosed, and planted with trees
preserve their remains from indignity. In and shrubbery. It will then be a pleas-
regard to most of my feUow citizens, I ant retreat for meditation, an ornament
may say your fathers sleep there, and it to your village, and a perpetual monu-
becomes you to watch over them. They ment of your respect for the memory of
who converted a howling wilderness into your ancestors."

168 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
graves, without disturbing their contents ; and this was regarded
by some as a sufficient excuse for digging to any required depth
for the construction of basements and cellars. After the project
had been freely discussed for several months, it took definite form
March 5, 1838, when an article was inserted in the warrant for
the annual town meeting, " to see if the town will dispose of a
portion of the old burying-ground to Joel S. Marsh, lying be
tween the elm trees near the Town House, 44 feet in length,
north and south, and 34 feet in width, for the purpose of erecting
a store ; " to the honor of the town, I glady copy the record that
" a motion that the town consent to sell the land to Mr. Marsh,
as requested by him, passed in the negative." It does not ap
pear that a similar proposition was afterwards presented to the
town by any individual ; but an attempt was made December
30, 1840, to purchase a part of the burial-place for a very differ
ent purpose, which could be carried into effect without disturbing
the bones of the dead. At that date, the second article in the
warrant was " to see if the town will sell to the First Universal
ist Society, for a reasonable compensation, a spot of land in the
old burying-ground, sixty feet deep and fifty feet front, lying
directly back of two elm trees between the Town House and
Mixter and Delano's store, for the purpose of erecting a church
thereon. . . . The subject contained in the second article of the
warrant was discussed at considerable length, and many objec
tions having been made to granting the spot referred to in said
article, it was voted to dissolve the meeting." ^ This was equiva
lent to an absolute refusal to grant the request. Such decisive
action by the town, after full discussion, settled the question for
one generation at least, and it may be hoped for all generations,
that neither individuals nor societies should be permitted to dis
turb the ashes of " the rude forefathers of the hamlet." Up to
this time, no further attempt has been made to diminish the size
of this old grave-yard. It has long ceased to be used for the
burial of the recent dead, partly because it would be difficult to
find a spot not already occupied, and partly because a more com
modious and more attractive cemetery has been provided ; but it
has not been unduly neglected, nor is its appearance, as a disused
burial-place, discreditable to the town.
1 A similar application had been re- the northwest corner of the bnrying-
jected, May 5, 1828, when it was "voted ground, or on the southerly part of the
not to grant the First Calvinistic Society Common."
a spot for a meeting-house lot, either ou

CIVIL HISTORY. 169
As early as 1804 it was found that the burying ground had
been made too small by its recent reduction in size, and a com
mittee was appointed to select another place. At a town meet
ing. May 6, 1805, it was " voted that the committee chosen last
year for the purpose of procuring a suitable spot for a burying-
yard, be empowered to purchase one as central as they can find."
No purchase was made, however, until January 11, 1815, when a
committee reported in favor of buying one acre and a half ^ of
the Rev. Thomas Holt, and were authorized to close the bargain
on the proposed terms. This lot has been several times enlarged
by the purchase of another acre on the north side, November
12, 1849, afterwards of an adjoining tract, on the east side, of
Mr. John Paige, and April 3, 1876, of somewhat more than two
acres on the south side, of Mr. Joseph C. Paige. No lack of
care or attention in regard to this cemetery is chargeable to the
town or to individuals. It is very substantially fenced and orna
mented by trees. Many monuments have been erected, and the
head-stones are generally of a good character, and preserved
clean and erect. Altogether, it is one of the neatest, well-ordered
cemeteries in that section of the country. The first person
buried here was Mr. LendaU Whipple, who had a few days pre
viously assisted in erecting the stone inclosure, and who died
November 21, 1817, aged nearly twenty-two years. The oldest
person was probably Mrs. Sibillah Dexter (successively the wife
of Mr. Samuel Thurston, and of Captain Samuel Dexter, both
of Hardwick), who died at New Braintree, July 13, 1849, at the
age of one hundred years, as inscribed on her head-stone, and on
the Town Record of New Braintree. The head-stone of Mr.
Asahel Billings, who died July 16, 1838, represents him to have
attained the age of one hundred years ; and the Town Record
calls him 99 ; both overrate his age, which probably did not ex
ceed 97, and was equalled or exceeded by that of three others,
'at least : Mrs. Mary, widow of Daniel Billings, who died June
8, 1835, aged 97 ; Mrs. Hannah, widow of David Aiken, who
died July 28, 1837, aged 97 ; and Mrs. Olive, widow of Ephraim
Ruggles, who died August 3, 1858, aged 98.
About the commencement of the present century, a burial-
place was established in the southwesterly part of the town, near
the place where the Baptist meeting-house stood. It contains
1 Situated about a quarter of a mile of the roads leading to Petersham and to
north of the Common, at the intersection Barre.

170 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
many graves, a reasonable proportion of which are designated by
suitable memorials. The earliest date which I observed is on the
head-stone of Abel Burt, son of Rev. Ebenezer Burt, who died
June 23, 1803, aged 9 months. The greatest age denoted on any
head-stone is that of Mr. Samuel L. Robinson, who died January
18, 1863, aged 95 ; and nearly approaching this is the age of Mr.
Henry Higgins, who died March 15, 1837, aged 94. It is highly
probable that Mr. Jesse Snow, who died in June, 1825, aged 96,
was buried here, but no head-stone is found where it might be ex
pected to stand, near that of his wife, Mrs. Mary Snow, who
died February 5, 1813, aged 77.^ Much credit is due to those
who have charge of this cemetery for keeping it in so good condi
tion in all respects.
In the northerly part of the town, near Barre, is a very neat
inclosure, apparently a private burial-place belonging to the
Taylor family. The eariiest date is on the head-stone of Seth
Taylor, who died July 7, 1811, aged 66, and the greatest age is
inscribed on that of Sylvanus Taylor, who died April 5, 1849,
aged 75.
In the old cemetery, near the Common, in addition to the
poetical inscriptions, common to others at the sapae date, a few
are found which appear to be original : —
In memory of Capt.
Ebenezer Cox who died
March y" 2* 1768 in y«
42*^ year of his age.
Beneath this stone a noble Captain's laid
Which for his King and Country was displayed
His courage that no terrors could disarm
Nor when he fac'd ye foe his fears alarm
But now he's conquer'd and yo silent grave
Can boast that power ye French could never have
Under his care his soldiers were secure
Equal with them all hardships he'd endure
In six campaigns intrepid trod y« field
Nor to ye Gallic Power would ever yield
At last he's gone we hope where Wars do cease
To spend a whole Eternity in Peace.
On a large head-stone, erected agreeably to a vote of the town,
the following epitaphs are inscribed in parallel columns : —
1 It is not unlikely that the Rev. Eben- by the side of his wife and two sons, and
ezer Burt, who died at Athol, November near the spot where he had faithfuUy
25, 1861, aged nearly 96, was buried here, preached the gospel for many years.

CIVIL HISTORY.

171

Sacred to the memory of the Sacred to the memory of Mrs.
Rev" David White who died Susanna White consort of the
Jan^ y'= 6* 1784 in y'= 74* year of Rev" David White who died July
ye 17th J 783^ in the 69* year of
her age. She lived a life of un
exampled Piety and Virtue and
of the greatest Patience and Res
ignation under her long continued
bodily indisposition and died in
the firm hope of a Glorious Im
mortality.

his age. He was the first minister
settled in the Town and faithfully
and conscientiously performed the
sacred functions of his office for al
most 50 years to the great edification
and enlargement of his Church and
the universal peace & tranquillity of
the Town.
Adieu to sickness pain and death
Adieu to vanities and cares
Submissive I resign my breath
And rise to Bliss beyond the stars.
Almighty Father hear my prayer
And send salvation to this land
May this my people be thy care
And ever dwell at thy right hand.

With heartfelt Joy I yield my breath
And quit a life of pain and woe
Rejoicing pass the scene of death
To live where Joys forever flow.
New transports now inspire my frame
With joys celestial and sublime
0 may you catch the heavenly flame
And soar beyond the reach of time.

Hail kindred spirits of the etherial skie
We come to visit your divine abode
To spend a long Eternity on high
To love adore and bless our Saviour God.

A large stone of pecuUar shape stands near the centre of the
cemetery, denoting the grave of a " beloved physician," and bear
ing this inscription : —
Spe
Salutis
Eteene
In memory of Doct'
Chakles Doolittle who died
June 12* 1785 in the 37*
Tear of his age.
Beneath this dust in ruin lies
A man once virtuous just and wise
He view'd his death approaching near
And gave his life without a tear
Now we commit with sacred trust
His body to the mould'ring dust
His soul we trust has wing'd its way
To realms of light and endless day.
At the grave of Rosamond Winslow, who died September
13, 1803, aged 18 (long commemorated by her contemporaries

172 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
as a maiden of remarkable beauty and amiability), a head-stone
bears a stanza which expresses the idea so frequently found in
early grave-yard literature, but clothed in a form of siraplicity
and tenderness which I do not remember to have seen else
where : — Oh, my dear friend, I once like you
Did stand such raonuraents to view ;
But with me here you soon must be
And others stand and read of thee.

CHAPTER XI.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.
Meeting-house and Ministry. — Mr. Ephraim Keith. — Church organized. —
Rev. David White ordained. — First Meeting-house. — Sharp Controversy
concerning the Location of the Second Meeting-house. — Unwillingness to
contract Debts. — People seated anew in the Meeting-house. — Deacon
Paige absents himself from the Communion and is censured. — Ecclesiastical
Council. — Deacon Paige resigns Office, and unites with the Church in
Petersham. — Deacon Robinson resigns Office, and becomes a Deacon in the
Separate Church. — Changes in the Manner of Singing and also in the
Versions of the Psalms sung. — Deacon Allen absents himself from the
Communion, alleging a lack of Discipline in the Church ; but is afterwards
pacified, and returns to his Official Duty. — Third Meeting-house, a Mag
nificent Structure. — Abortive Attempt to settle a Colleague Pastor. —
Death and Character of Rev. David White, and of his Wife. — Deacon
Allen elected Moderator of the Church. — Attempts to settle a Pastor. —
Rev. Thomas Holt ordained. — Confession of Faith and Covenant. — Rev.
Mr. Holt appeals in vain for an Increase of Salary ; his Dismission and
subsequent Labors. — Pastorate of Rev. William B. Wesson. — Division of
the Original Parish. — The Congregational Society settle Rev. John M.
Merrick and Rev. John Goldsbury ; afterwards unite with the Universal
ist Society. — New Meeting-house. — Pastors. — The Calvinistic Society
settle Rev. Martyn Tupper. — Confession of Faith. — Meeting-houses. —
Pastors. — Deacons.
When the General Court, in June, 1732, granted to the pro
prietors of this township a little more than one third part of the
territory which their ancestors had purchased from the Indians,
the boon was conferred " on the conditions following, viz. : That
they within the space of five years settle and have on the spot
sixty famiUes (the settlers to be none but such as are natives of
New England), each settler to build a good and convenient
dwelling-house of one story high, eighteen feet square, at the
least, and clear and bring to four acres fit for improveraent, and
three acres more, well stocked with EngUsh grass, and also lay
out three shares throughout the town, each share to be one sixty
third part of the said town, one share for the first settled minis
ter, one for the ministry, and the other for the school ; and also

174 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
buUd a convenient meeting-house, and settle a learned and ortho
dox minister within the term aforesaid."
In conformity with these conditions, the proprietors voted
February 21, 1732-3, "that ten acres of land be reserved, near
the centre of said tract, to set a meeting-house on, and for a
burial-place, and a training-field." On the next day they directed
a committee to "lay out one hundred and eleven lots, . . .
viz., four lots to each proprietor's share, sixty settlers, and the lots
for the ministry, and school ; " also, " unaniraously voted, that
each settler pay into the hands of the committee, upon his draw
ing his lot, the sum of five pounds towards the defraying the
charges of surveying, &c., and the further sum of ten pounds,^
each for the building a raeeting-house within the space of three
years after his being admitted." It was also voted, December
27, 1733, " That the proprietors pay the sum of forty-eight
pounds, which is to be raised equally out of each whole share,- to
help pay a minister for preaching the gospel amongst the in
habitants there, for one year next after the 2d day of May
next. Also voted that the settlers, both resident and non
resident, pay fifteen shillings each, as their part and proportion
of a further encouragement for a minister to preach ; and that
Mr. Timothy»Ruggles be desired to procure some suitable person
to serve them for the same."
The first person employed, under this arrangement, was ap
parently Mr. Ephraim Keith, who probably commenced his
labors at the time specified. May 2, 1734, and continued through
the year. At a meeting of the proprietors, September 10, 1735,
it was " voted, that the parcel of land lying between Draper's
lot, No. 1, and Esq. Willis's lot. No. 2, about fifty or sixty
acres, be granted to the Rev. Mr. Ephraim Keith, for his preach
ing to the people at a place called Lambstown last year, in full
discharge of his due from said proprietors, his accepting the
same, and likewise a note of fifteen pounds ten shillings of Mr.
Joseph Haskell, of Rochester, and he to have full power to
receive the sarae." Whether he continued to preach here for a
longer period does not appear. He was at Petershara a few
Sabbaths in 1736,^ but soon abandoned the ministry, having
1 Ten pounds each for " sixty settlers,'' was afterwards styled the " three hundred
amounted to six hundred pounds, one pounds," or the " ten pounds," nntU the
half of which sum was expended before matter was fully settled, March 7, 1747-8.
September 7, 1738, and the remainder, ^ « xhe first preaching in this place was
which was a fruitful source of difiSculty probably in the month of May, 1736.
between the settlers and the proprietors. On the le"" of June, of that year, Mr.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 175
never been ordained. He was son of Joseph, and grandson of
Rev. James Keith of Bridgewater, born in 1707, grad. H. C.
1729, and, after a brief service in the pulpit, returned to his
native town, and devoted himself to agriculture. He was ap
pointed justice of the peace in 1762, and died about 1781.
Rev. David White seems to have commenced preaching as a
candidate for settlement about July, 1736. At a meeting April
4, 1737, it was " voted that the sum of twenty-eight pounds and
sixteen shillings be raised, to pay Mr. David White for his ser
vice in the ministry, for his victualUng and horse-keeping, for the
quarter of a year before his ordination ; " also " that the year
wherein Mr. White's salary be paid begin the first of October."
Also voted, " that the sum of fifty pounds be raised for the Rev.
Mr. White, for his half year salary, beginning October the first
Anno Dom. 1736." A permanent arrangement of the salary
was made March 6, 1737-8, when it was voted " that the town
give the Rev. Mr. David White for his yearly salary one
hundred pounds per year, for five years successively, beginning
at the first of Oct. Anno Domini 1736 ; and a further sum and
sums from year to year for ten years next coming, namely, one
hundred and five pounds to be paid at the expiration of the [ ^ ]
year, from the aforesaid first of Oct. 1736 ; and to increase the
said sum, five pounds a year, yearly, until his yearly and stated
salary shaU come to one hundred and fifty pounds : and that
sum, namely, one hundred and fifty pounds to be paid him yearly
during his continuance in the work of the Gospel ministry in this
place ; and the said sum of money to be paid in the common
currency of this Province, at the rate and in the proportion that
Bills of Credit are now valued with silver money, namely, reckon
ing twenty-seven ^ shillings in Bills equal to one ounce of silver."
Soon after the commencement of Mr. White's labors, a church
was organized in Hardwick (then called Lambstown), and on
the same day he was ordained to the work of the ministry. These
solemnities, together with the preliminary proceedings, are duly
entered upon " The Church Record ; " to wit : —
" Lambstown, Oct. 20, 1736. The members of other churches,
living in Lambstown, met together and concluded upon the fol
lowing particulars respecting Church Government, viz :
Ephraim Keith was paid fifty shillings a 22, 1746, when it was " voted to aUow Mr.
day for three days preaching past." Will- David White's salary to be at thirty-six
son's Address at Petersham, July 4, 1854, shillings per ounce for the present year."
p, 29. At a later day the salary was reduced to
1 Record mutilated. one hundred pounds per annum, exclusive
2 A modification was made September of the income of the ministerial land.

176 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
" 1. That there should be no relation required of those that
are received into the church.
"2. That after the rainister has taken an account of the
knowledge and faith of those that have a desire to corae into the
church, and is weU satisfied therewith, that they shall be received
into full comraunion in the church upon their making a public
confession of their faith.
" 3. That the power of calling church meetings lay in the
power of the rainister.
" 4. That Messi. Christopher Paige and George Abbot should
sign letters missive to the Pastor and Delegates of several
churches, to gather a church in Lambstown and ordain Mr. David
White Pastor thereof.
" Noveraber y'' 17"" 1736. A Church was gathered and im-
bodied in Lambstown, and the merabers of the church publicly
invited and chose Mr. David White to be their pastor. Accord
ingly, the same day, the said Mr. David White was ordained
Pastor of the Church of Christ in Lambstown ^ by prayer and
laying on of hands of the Presbytery.
" The names of the men that solemnly entered into a church
state in Lambstown, that before were merabers of other churches :
— Christopher Paige, George Abbot, Thomas Perry, Joseph
Allen,, John Wells, John Kidder, Richard Church. The names
of the men that entered into a church in Lambstown, which
before were not members in full communion in other churches,
but were then received into the church : — Eleazar Warner,
Nathan Carpenter, Experience Johnson, Samuel Robinson,
Samuel Gillet.^
" Dec. y" 3*1 1736. The Church of Christ in Lambstown met
together, and after a unanimous vote to choose two men to the
ofiice of Deacons in said church, Mr. Christopher Paige and
Mr. Joseph Allen were chosen to the office of Deacons, by a
majority of the votes of the church.
1 The names of the Ordaining Council pears by the moderator, Mr. William
are not recorded ; but the moderator was Williams), to him his heirs and assigns
Rev. William Williams, probably pastor forever."
of the church in Hatfield, where Mr. 2 -Whether it were the usual custom, at
White was born. The Proprietors voted, that period, to exclude females frora par-
June 29, 1737, "that the two hundred ticipating in the organization of a church,
acres of land, laid out by Mr. Timothy or not, it is certain that several women
Ruggles and Mr. Christopher Paige to were here at this time, who did not be-
the first settled minister, be settled on come members until two or three months
and recorded to the Reverend Mr. David later, although they were merabers of
White, now their settled minister (as ap- other churches, in good standing.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 177
" Oct. y^ 9"" 1737. The Church voted, that no person living
in Lambstown, formerly belonging to another church, shall have
liberty to partake of tiie sacrament of the Lord's Supper without
a letter of recommendation, after they have had a sufficient time
to get one, without a good and sufficient reason why they have
not done it." ^
Having organized a church, and settled a pastor with a fixed
salary, it became necessary to devise ways and means for the
regular payment of that salary. By a vote of the Proprietors,
February 22, 1732-3, each settier was bound to pay fifteen
shillings per year, " to help pay a minister for preaching the
gospel," and each of the twelve proprietors was pledged to con
tribute four pounds for the same purpose. But these several
sums, namely : forty-eight pounds by the proprietors, and forty-
five pounds by the sixty settlers, amounted to no more than
ninety-three pounds, while the salary proraised was one hundred
pounds, with a prospective increase to one hundred and fifty
pounds. At the present time, such a small deficiency may seem
scarcely worthy of notice ; but in the " day of smaU things," it
was a matter of great importance to the pioneers. The settlers,
not yet fully incorporated as a town, had no power to tax the
unimproved lands, and the proprietors did not impose such a
tax. Indeed, it would seem that they discontinued their annual
contribution of forty-eight pounds, after partial town privileges
were granted to the inhabitants.^ The burden was heavy, and
an appeal was made to the General Court for authority to tax all
the land in the township, whether improved or not, and whether
owned by resident or non-resident proprietors ; also for incorpo
ration as a town, with full authority to raise money for all lawful
purposes, by taxation. The Court records do not indicate
whether the petition for liberty to impose a tax was granted, or
rejected ; but it is certain that the proprietors secured a delay of
incorporation for one year. The inhabitants became impatient;
and at two meetings, October 19, and November 2, 1738, resolved
on another effort for incorporation, and liberty to tax the lands
of all proprietors. Their agent, Mr. Christopher Paige, presented
their petition December 8, 1738. A committee of the proprie
tors remonstrated. But on the 15th day of the same month the
1 Thus far, I have copied the Church with the committee which was empowered
Record in full. to sell land for the payment of the three
^ The town appointed a committee, forty-eight pounds towards the support of
November 6, 1741, "to adjust accounts the minister in this town."
12

178 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
petition was granted ; a tax of three half pence per acre on all
the land in the township was authorized to be assessed annually
for three years, to be applied " one half thereof to the Reverend
Minister there for his better encouragement and more comfort
able support, the residue for building and finishing a handsome
Meeting-house, for the better accoramodating the inhabitants in
attending the public worship of God ; " and the agent was em
powered to bring in a bill for the incorporation of the township.
This bill, having passed both Houses, received the Governor's
approval, January 10, 1739.
It does not appear frora the Records when the first meeting
house was erected ; but the inhabitants held a meeting in it
February 9, 1736-7. It was probably not very large or elegant.
The bills allowed for materials and labor appear to have been
less than fifty pounds. It was not entirely finished until after
August 8, 1738, when it was " voted that the town will finish
shingling the old meeting-house, and finish the seats, and make
forms as shall be needed, and build the minister's pew." ^ Its
size and wa^ue raay be estiraated by the fact that the town voted,
March 1, 1742-3, to dispose of it " at a vendue, and accordingly
sold it to James Robinson for sixteen pounds, old tenor." This
first meeting-house was erected on the "ten acres" originally
devoted to public use, and probably stood on the easterly side of
the old road, long ago discontinued, running southerly from the
present residence of Mr. John W. Paige, nearly parallel with the
turnpike, to the road to Ware. It is not unlikely that the pre
cise spot was about midway between the two points last indicated,
at the northwest corner of the "ten acres," the spot which was
afterwards given by the proprietors, for a similar use, to " those
people called the separate Society in Hardwick." ^
Wherever this house stood, like those generally erected by
1 The town had voted, January 16, tion I do not remember. I consulted
1737-8, to " build a new meeting-house; " several of the " oldest inhabitants," more
but the controversy concerning its loca- than forty years ago, and gathered from
tion was so sharp, that it was not erected them much traditional lore ; but in this
until more than three years after that case I was misinformed. The town voted
^^^^- July 29, 1740, to " set the meeting-house
2 In my address at the Centennial on the ten acres, on which the old meet-
Celebration m 1838, it was stated that ing-house stands." But the present Com-
this meetmg-house "stood on the Com- mon was not a part of the "ten acres"
mon, about midway between the two as has already been stated. The old
present meeting-houses;" and that the meeting-house, therefore, did not stand on
new house, erected in 1741, was " placed the present Common, but probably about
within ten feet of the old one," pp. 19- half a mUe northwesterly from it, near
21. From whom I received this tradi- the summit of the hiU.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 179
pioneers it was small and inconvenient, designed only for tempo
rary use ; moreover its location was unsatisfactory. Accordingly
it was voted, January 16, 1737-8, " that the town will build a
new meeting-house : that said meeting-house be built fifty feet
long, and forty feet wide, and twenty-two feet between joints,
and set two feet from the ground : that Joseph Allen, John
Wells, Christopher Paige, Benjamin Sraith, and Benjamin Rug
gles, be a committee to see to the building or letting out said
frame, and finish the outside, and glaze the same with square
glass set in wood, according to their discretion." A week later,
under a warrant " to see whether the town will choose a man to
go down to the Proprietors' Coraraittee to see whether they have
power to dispose of the three hundred pounds that was voted to
build the meetiug-house," and for other purposes, it was voted
January 23, 1737-8, " that Deacon Christopher Paige be chosen
to carry a letter to the Proprietors' Committee, and to bring an
answer back : — that the new meeting-house be raised by the
first of July next, provided the three hundred pounds come from
the Proprietors : — that the meeting-house be set on " Garablin's
Lot,i on the east side of the Great Meadow Brook." At the
next meeting of the Proprietors, September 7, 1738, it was
" Voted, that the Proprietors are willing that a new meeting
house be built, provided it be set on the spot of land already
agreed upon by the Proprietors and settlers : ^ and that a com
mittee be chosen out of the Proprietors to join with the coramittee
that the settlers shall choose, to agree upon the dimensions of the
house, and other things necessary in order to effect the building
a convenient house for the public worship of God there : and
that the reraaining part of the six hundred pounds, which is three
hundred, forraerly agreed upon by the Proprietors, to be for the
building a meeting-house, be applied to that use and no other
whatsoever." The town appointed a coraraittee, October 2, 1738,
"to join with the Proprietors' committee, to agree upon the di
mensions of the meeting-house," etc., and another coraraittee
1 "Garablin's Lot," on the easterly pectin every direction, and was a more
road to Gilbertville, about a mile south- eligible site for a meeting-house than that
easterly from the Common and marked which was finally selected, except that it
"J. Marsh" on the R. map, was after- was not so near the centre of the town-
wards the homestead of Timothy Paige, ship.
Esq., and is now owned by Mr. E. L. B. " What action was had by the proprie-
Wesson. Like the northwesterly corner tors in the subsequent controversy does
of the "ten acres," where the first meet- not appear, as their records from Septem-
ing-house probably stood, on the brow of ber 7, 1738, to April 6, 1743, have been
a hill, it commanded an extensive pros- destroyed.

180 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
November 2, 1738, "to agree with the Proprietors' committee
upon things necessary in order to effect the buUding of a conven
ient meeting-house in Lambstown ; and that the said committee
may give to the Proprietors a discharge from building said meet
ing-house, upon their giving good security to the town of Larabs
town for the payment of the three hundred pounds appropriated
for the building of the aforesaid meeting-house."
The vote, adopted January 23, 1737-8, "that the meeting
house be set on GarabUn's Lot," occasioned a sharp controversy
between the east and the west sections of the town, which con
tinued two years and a half, until a coraproraise was effected by
abandoning both the " ten acres " and the Gamblin Lot, and
placing the house on the present Coraraon. The violence of the
contest, and the extrerae measures adopted by one of the parties
for the accoraplishraent of its favorite purpose, distinctly appears
in the proceedings of a town-raeeting, held in June 1739, under
a warrant, " (1.) To see whether the town is willing and ready
to set off the west part of the town, beginning at Rutland ^ Corner,
and so to run a straight line to Muddy Brook, where the road
runs over said Brook to go to Quoben ;^ — and then to run by
said Brook to the south line of the town ; and said land to be
laid to Quoben. (2.) To see whether the town will choose a
coramittee to go down to Boston, to treat with Quoben Cora
raittee on the affair," — it was " Voted, That the town is willing
and ready to set off the land on the west side of Muddy Brook,
and said land to be laid to Quoben: — that Benjamin Smith,
Constant Merrick, Cornelius Cannon be a committee chosen to
go down to Boston, to treat with Quoben Committee, or the Rev.
Mr. Timothy Ruggles and John Foster Esq., on the affair : that
the committee shall have but one man's pay for going to Boston
aforesaid. Note. That Samuel Robinson hath entered his detest
against the first and second articles in the warrant. Note. That
David Sabin hath entered his detest against the first and second
articles in the warrant. Note. That John Wells hath entered
his detest against sending a coraraittee to Boston. Note. That
Experience Johnson hath entered his detest against sending a
committee to Boston. Note. That Phinehas Powers hath en
tered his detest against sending down a committee to Boston."
The proposition to " set off the west part of the town " to Quo
ben was persistently opposed and finaUy defeated. After wrang-
Ung for somewhat more than a year longer, the former decision
1 Rutland West Wing, now Barre. 2 Or Quobbin, now Greenwich.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 181
was reversed, and the majority voted, July 29, 1740, " that they
wiU set the meeting-house on the ten acres on which the old
raeeting-house stands : — that whereas this town have stated a
place to set the new raeeting-house on, which wUl accommodate
that part of the town next to Quoben as well as other parts of
the town, that the vote that was passed in this town the last
year, whereby they signified that they were ready and willing to
have a part of this town set off to Quoben, be void and of none
effect." But this did not end the difficulty. The inhabitants of the
east part of the town, though teraporarily in the minority, raade
such a sturdy and formidable resistance, that it was not consid
ered prudent to carry the last vote into execution. Accordingly
another raeeting was held, December 15, 1740, when it was voted
" that they will choose a committee ^ to state a place where the
meeting-house shall be set in this town, and that their judgement
be a final determination of the affair : — Chose Capt. Josiah Con
vers, Mr. Elisha Rice, Mr. Noah Ashley, committee : — that all
former coramittees about building the meeting-house in this town
be disraissed : — chose Capt. Joseph Allen, Mr. Constant Mer
rick, John Foster, a coraraittee : — that the coraraittee last chosen
shall have the care of building a raeeting-house in this town, or
to join with the original Proprietors' committee on the affair ;
and to purchase or otherwise provide land to set said meeting
house on ; and that they forthwith proceed to get timber cut and
lined, and proceed to have said house framed, and raised, and as
far finished as the money will go that the settlers is to pay, and
all the money raised or to be raised by the land tax, and to let it
out if they shall think best : . . . Chose Mr. Eleazar Warner,
Mr. John Wells,^ to wait on the coraraittee to state a place to set
a raeeting-house on, and to go or send to them, to desire thera to
come to state a place to set the meeting-house on." The corarait
tee seem to have selected a spot near the centre of the present
Common, instead of the " ten acres " otherwise disposed of, by
the sale of nine and a half acres, and the gift of half an acre to
the " Separate Society." The erection of the long desired edifice
during the ensuing year is indicated by a vote, November 23,
1741, to pay Samuel Robinson for rum and other refreshments,
furnished at the " raising of the new meeting-house." The house
was not finished, however, un til several years later, though it was
1 " Not belonging to this town,'' as ex- ^ « Two men, one at each end of the
pressed in the warrant. town," as stated in the warrant.

182 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
made habitable. The proprietors did not promptly enforce the
payment of the " three hundred pounds," and it was not easy to
raise the funds necessary to complete the work.^ When the town
was ready to abandon and sell the old house, and did sell it,
March 1, 1742-3, the third article in the warrant, " to see if the
town will raise money ... to build the pulpit and minister's
pew, and body of seats," was passed over without action. The
house seems to have been merely a shell at that time. Three
years later, February 25, 1745-6, a settleraent was made with
the committee, by which it appeared that they had thus far ex
pended £409. 9. 3. in the erection of the house ; they had re
ceived of " money raised by the land-tax, .£110. 1. 2. ; and of
the ten pounds they have received £243. 0. 0. ; " in all £353. 1. 2.
To raeet the deficiency of £56. 8. 1., there was an uncollected
balance of the land-tax £54. 18. 10., and of the ten pounds not
yet gathered £57. 0. 0., in all £111. 18. 10. The account was
not fuUy settled until December 23, 1747. Even then the house
remained in an unfinished state ; for two years later, December
25, 1749, it was " voted that the town will finish the meeting
house : — voted that they will finish it by plastering it ; " and
£300. 0. 0. was granted to Christopher Paige and Joseph AUen,
to finish the inside of the house. This work seems to have been
accomplished before August 29, 1750, when it was voted to seat
the people anew, " the highest payers in the highest seats, having
respect to age and other qualifications, except such as have pews
in the meeting-house." The house contained a few pews ; but
the larger part of it, as was then customary, was occupied by
long seats, called " the body of seats," for males on one side of the
centre aisle, and for females on the other. Besides these, it seems
several chairs were used ; for it was voted, March 4, 1750-1,
" that the chairs standing in the alleys be ordered into the place
left behind the women seats, and to stand nowhere else." One
more notice closes my account of this meeting-house : it was
voted, March 4, 1754, "that the town refuse to let the young
1 It had not yet become fashionable to manifest in their action at a town meeting
contract enormous debts forthe erection August 14, 1741, " during Mr. White's
of meeting-houses, and the pioneers wise- indisposition," when it was " Voted, to
ly avoided that folly. Indeed they sub- hire a minister to preach in this town for
mitted to great discomfort, occupying un- two months, if the town shall need so
finished houses which furnished scant long : — voted to choose a man to go to
protection in inclement weather, in pref- Mr. Prink, and see if he can hire him for
erence to assuming an indebtedness a reasonable price : and if not, to hire an-
which might prove burdensome. Their other, — the best he can and cheapest."
perhaps extreme caution in this regard is

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 183
men that have built u seat in the women's side galleries to have
it there : voted, that the same persons have liberty to build their
seat on the men's side gallery."
This long controversy in regard to the place of public worship
must have grieved the heart of Rev. Mr. White, who was emi
nently a man of peace ; but he probably lamented even more
bitterly certain dissensions in the church itself, which sadly dis
turbed its harmony and prosperity, and which culrainated in the
resignation of two of its deacons in 1749. " The Church of Christ
in Hardwick met together," September 9, 1747, " to hear and
consider Deacon Christopher Paige's reasons for absenting him
self from the public worship and ordinances of God." After due
consideration, the church voted that his reasons did not furnish
a satisfactory excuse, and accordingly laid him " under censure,"
and suspended him " from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper."
Unwilling to cast off utterly a brother, who was not only their
first elected deacon, but also one of the most active and honored
citizens of the town, before proceeding to extremities the church
voted. May 24, 1748, " that the Rev. Mr. Edwards, of Northamp
ton, Mr. Billings, of Coldspring,^ Mr. Abercrombie, of Pelham,
Mr. Whitney, of Nitchawagg,^ be applied to, to come to Hard
wick and give their advice in the case that is between the church
and Deacon Paige." The council assembled and gave advice ;
but the proceedings do not appear on record. " At a church
meeting in Hardwick, December y" 20*, 1748, voted, that the
church comply and fall in with the advice of the Rev. Ministers
on the 29* day of June last, in the case depending between the
church and Deacon Christopher Paige. Upon which it was pro
posed to Deacon Paige whether he would comply with the said
advice, and he declared that he would not comply with the sub
stance of it. Upon which declaration, the church voted, that
Deacon Christopher Paige be proceeded with, by giving him the
second admonition." Nothing further in regard to this case ap
pears on record untU AprU 13, 1749, when " Deacon Paige's desire
of laying down the office of deacon was mentioned to the church,
and the major part thereof coraplied with and gratified hira in
his desire, and dismissed him from said office of deacon."
The cause of this controversy between the church and its
senior deacon does not appear on record, nor has it been pre
served even by tradition. On the one hand, we cannot well sup
pose it to have been of a trivial character, as it involved such
1 Now Belchertown. ^ Now Petersham.

184 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
serious results. On the other, there is no evidence of aggravated
guilt on either side. The council which met June 29, 1748,
either exonerated the church from blame, or administered so
slight a rebuke and required so little concession, that it was voted,
December 28, 1748, "that the church comply and fall in with
the advice of the Rev. Ministers." And although Deacon Paige
" declared that he would not comply with the substance of it,"
he evidently had not forfeited his good name as a Christian and as
a trustworthy citizen : — at the first town-raeeting after the deci
sion of the council he was elected moderator, selectman, and as
sessor, to which offices he was reelected the next year, after he
had resigned the office of deacon ; and the church in Petersham,
whose pastor had been a meraber of the advising council and
fully understood the raerits or deraerits of the whole case, admit
ted him to fellowship in full comraunion. Whereupon, " At a
church raeeting in Hardwick, May y*= 20*, 1752, Voted (1.) To
send to the church in Nichawaug, to signify to thera that we look
upon their conduct in receiving Deacon Christopher Paige into
their church to be irregular, and matter of just offence, and to
desire a brotherly conference with them, to make up the differ
ence. (2.) Voted, that Mr. White, Deacon Freeraan, Deacon
Allen, Deacon Cooper, Nathaniel Whitcomb, Lieut. Merrick,
and Ensign Warner, undertake this business as a coramittee.
The said coramittee are erapowered by the church to raake up the
whole difference with the church at Nichawaug respecting their
receiving Deacon Paige, if they can agree ; if not, to propose to
them to join with us in the choice of a council to advise in the
matter." What response was made by the Petersham church
does not appear. So far as the Hardwick records show, the whole
raatter rested for nearly twenty years, until June 21, 1770, when
it was voted "that this church do overlook what the church of
Christ in Petershara formerly did relative to Deacon Christopher
Paige, and are now in charity with said church." This was a
substantial acknowledgment that no good reason existed why he
should be debarred from Christian privileges.
Troubles seldora come singly. " At a church raeeting in Hard
wick March y« 2\ 1748 (1748-9) Deacon Samuel Robinson de
sired the church that he might lay down his office of deacon in
said church; which desire the church compUed with." i Like
1 No record is found of any election to March 1, 1746-7, he was called simply
fiU the vacancy occasioned by the resig- "John Cooper;" but when his wife was
nation of two deacons ; but the election of admitted, July 9, 1751, she was styled
John Cooper is distinctly indicated by the " wife of Deacon John Cooper."
fact that, on his admission to the church.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 185
his senior in office, Deacon Robinson was an active and energetic
leader in public affairs, and his secession tended to weaken the
church, through its effect on many of its members. He held
office a short time. " April y" 30*, 1746. At a church meeting
in Hardwick, Samuel Robinson was chosen to the office of a dea
con in said church, by a majority of the members ; which office
he afterwards accepted." His delay, if not actual hesitancy, in
accepting the office probably foreshadowed his reason for resign
ing it so soon. About this time an extraordinary wave of rehg
ious excitement passed over New England and engulfed many
churches. The controversy waxed so sharp and bitter that many
withdrew from the established churches, and were thenceforth
styled " New Lights," or more generally " Separates," of whom
more will be said in another place. In this movement Deacon
Robinson was early interested, and became a prorainent leader.
He felt constrained, therefore, to " lay down his office." It does
not appear that there was any other cause for his resignation.
The church afterwards called hira and several of his associates to
account, and censured thera for withdrawing "frora the pubUc
worship of God at the meeting-house in Hardwick;" but there is
no evidence that any of them were excommunicated from the
church for that offence.^
For the next thirty years the records indicate alraost uninter
rupted peace and harmony in the church. Few cases of disci
pUne are mentioned, and these of such a nature that the offend
ers were forgiven, and " admitted to former privileges."
A change was made in regard to the psalms and hymns proper
to be sung, and to the manner of singing thera. " March 10,
1765. It being moved to the church after public exercise on the
Sabbath, whether Messieurs Tate and Brady's version of the
Psalms should be sung in the public worship of God, — voted in
the affirmative." ^ " At a church meeting held in Hardwick at
the meeting-house, June 21, 1770, voted, with respect to the pres
ent method of singing in public worship, that one half of the por
tion that shall be sung shall be read, line by line, as has been the
former practice in this Congregation, sung in some old tune ; that
1 There is no record of excommunica- March 7, 1791, " that Doct. Watts' Psalras
tion, for any cause whatever, during Mr. and Hymns be introduced to be sung in
White's ministry. this town, in the roora of Tate's and Bra-
2 President Dunster's revision of the dy's; and that they are to begin to be
Bay Psalm Book had probably been in sung in the congregation within three
use up to this time. Tate and Brady's months." Various changes have been
version was used, until the town voted, made more recently.

186 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
the other half shall be sung without being thus read in some new
tune ; that the psalm or hymn that shall be appointed to be sung
at the Comraunion Table shaU be read, line by Une, and sung in
some old tune, so caUed." The change, thus partially made, be
came entire at a later period ; but it was exceedingly disagreeable
to many, and of some it is said they would leave the meeting
house while psalms or hymns were sung without having been
read, line by line, and return after this offensive exercise was con
cluded.^ About this tirae two deacons were elected : November 9, 1769,
" Capt. Williara Paige was chosen to the office of deacon, by a
great raajority of votes," probably in the place of Deacon John
Cooper, who seeras to have died, or removed a few months previ
ously ; and April 28, 1774, " Mr. John Bradish was chosen to be
a deacon in said church, by a majority of votes." Soon after
wards, however, danger of losing an important officer appeared
in an unexpected quarter. The senior surviving deacon was so
much exercised in spirit by the shortcomings of his brethren, that
he absented himself from the Lord's Supper, and in rendering
reasons for so doing, preferred grave charges against the church
in general, and one of its members in particular. The proceed
ings are recorded under date of February 1, 1779 : " Deacon Jo
seph AUen having withdrew hiraself from the sacrament of the
Lord's Supper, he gave in his reasons in writing to the Reverend
Pastor, Mr. White, which are these : (1.) The young people
walking disorderly on the Sabbath, both in time of public wor
ship and in the intermission season. (2.) The youth frequently
gathering in set frolics at a public house, and carrying them on
with rausic and dancing, both males and females, and many of
thera using profane language. (3.) That he suspected that there
were some in this town that had owned the baptismal covenant,
and promised publicly that they would perforra the duties of it,
yet that they walked disorderly, and neglected family prayer.
(4.) That there were sorae in fuU communion in this church, that
absented themselves from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper,
1 While I would not wiUingly return the sanctuary during an exhibition of
to the old raethod of alternate reading vocal gyranastics, when fashionable opera-
and singing of hymns, " line by line," yet music, dramatically rendered by pi-ofes-
I confess my deep sympathy with these sional artists, was substituted for the un-
old saints in what many will regard as ostentatious singing of " psalms, and
their unreasonaBle prejudice as to the hymns, and spiritual songs," by a volun-
manner of conducting public worship. I tary choir or by a Christian congrega-
have often been sorely tempted to leave tion.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 187
and also neglected public worship, and yet were not called to
give the reasons of their neglect of these ordinances. (5.) The
special reason why he withdrew at that tirae was the conduct of
a Brother, viz., Thomas Robinson, at the last church meeting and
the town-meeting following, which appeared to hira not of a piece,
not in the simplicity of the gospel, not agreeable to the Scripture.
" The church were regularly called and assembled together to
hear Deacon Allen's reasons, at the meeting-house in Hardwick,
on Wednesday, Feb. 24, 1779, and after a consideration of the
abovementioned matters of grievance, came into the following
resolves : — Article 1. Young people walking disorderly on the
Sabbath ; resolved, that the March meeting being near at hand,
when tyding-men ^ and wardens are to be chosen for the year,
whose special business it is to inspect and prevent all disorder on
the Sabbath, this affair is submitted to and left with them, as
their proper business. Article 2. As to young people gathering
together in set frolics, especially at a public house, resolved, that
we will every one of us here present, that are heads of families,
take all proper care that the youth under our care and charge, to
prevent them from running into these frolics, and acting any part
in them. Article 3. As to those persons that are called half-
members ^ &c., resolved, that we will keep a watch over them, ac
cording to our solemn promise when we received [them] into
their present standing in the church ; that we will reprove them
when we see them walk disorderly, and encourage them to the
practice of virtue and piety by our counsels and our good practice.
Article 4. That there were some persons in full comraunion in
this church that absented theraselves from the pubUc worship of
' God and the sacrament of the Lord's Supper ; two persons were
named .in particular; resolved, that (these persons not being
present) the Rev. Mr. White shall send to them, to know their
reasons of their neglect of these holy ordinances, and when ob
tained of them he lay them before the church to consider
whether [the] reasons are a sufficient excuse or not. Article 5.
The special reason given why he withdrew hiraself at that tirae
was the conduct of a Brother, viz., Thoraas Robinson, &c. The
church having considered and weighed this matter, some few of
the church voted that said Robinson his changing the side that
he first held with was an evidence that he had changed his raind ;
1 Tything-men. to participate in the Lord's Supper; or
2 Those who had taken the " half-way such as the record describes as " received
covenant," in order that their children into the covenant, and under the watch
might be baptized, but were not qualified and government of the church."

188 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
but the majority of the church thought that the raatter did not
belong to thera to deterraine, and therefore declined voting any
way ; and thus the raatter was left respecting Deacon AUen and
Thoraas Robinson, and no further determination or [illegible]
upon it." ^
It would seera that the meeting-house erected about 1741
proved unsatisfactory, and in little more than a quarter of a
century, preparations were made for the erection of a new one,
equal if not superior in size and magnificence to any church edi
fice in the county. September 7, 1767, "Voted that the town will
build a meeting-house in Hardwick for public worship. Voted,
that they will set said house (if they can purchase the land) in
the field at the north end of the burying place, occupied by Mr.
Asa Hatch." This field contained somewhat raore than one acre
and three quarters of land, and was owned by John Rowe, Esq.,
of Boston, who conveyed it to the town for £6. 13. 4. by deed
dated May 30, 1768.^ Without waiting for the execution of the
deed, the town proceeded at once to make arrangements for the
erection of the house, and on the 21st of October accepted the
report of a coraraittee previously appointed : " The coraraittee
have heard the proposals of Deac. Joseph Allen and Mr. Joseph
Safford, who are willing and ready to undertake the building of
said house, and finish it in a workmanlike manner, only for the
benefit of the money they can raise by the sale of the pews agree
able to a plan herewith hurably laid before the town for their
consideration. TlM° RuGGLES, in the name of the committee."
"Voted that the town will choose a committee to contract with
Deac. Joseph Allen and Mr. Joseph Safford to build a raeeting-
house, as raentioned in the report of the forraer coraraittee.^
Voted that Mr. Daniel OUver, Brig'. Ruggles, Capt. ]\'Jandell,
Deac. Fay,* and Capt. Paige, be the committee. Voted, to build
a steeple to said house, and that the town pay what said steeple
shall cost more than a convenient porch for stairs into the galler
ies." May 16, 1768, " Voted the sura of £66. 13. 4. to the uu-
1 I have somewhat anticipated the reg- turning at right angles, and running east-
ular succession of events, in order to erly 13 rods; there turning at right an-
group together all the recorded difficulties gles, and running southerly 22 rods ; there
between the church and its deacons dur- turning at right angles, and running
ing Mr. White's pastorate. westerly, by the burying place, 13 rods to
2 The description is " one acre, three the bounds first mentioned." Worcester
quarters, and six rods of land, lying iu Deeds, lix. 113.
said Hardwick, adjoining to the public » The " undertakers " are said to have
burying-place there, bounded as followeth : lost money.
beginning at the northerly corner of said * James Fay was deacon of the " Sepa-
burying-place, and frora thence running rate Church " until it removed bodily to
northerly, by the road, 22 rods; then Bennington, Vt., in 1761.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 189
dertakers of the meeting-house, to enable them to proceed in
building a steeple to said house." May 18, 1769, " Voted to
raise £120 lawful money, to enable the undertakers to finish the
steeple, besides what has already been voted," and " to choose a
coraraittee to treat with the undertakers, in order that they be
obliged to finish the steeple for the above price." October 19,
1769, under a warrant " to see if the town will allow the un
dertakers of the meeting-house to buUd a pew in the steeple
above the west gaUery," it was " voted, to shut up the place in
the steeple, over the west gallery, which was proposed for a pew."
October 27, 1769, " Voted to grant the undertakers of the meet
ing-house the privilege of building a pew over the west gallery,
providing they make it tight and close ; and the town reserved
the privilege of having an officer to set in the pew, to oversee the
boys." 1 The house was finished probably not long before De
cember 31, 1770, at which date it was " voted to choose a com
mittee to seat the meeting-house ^ and that said coraraittee con
sist of five persons ; and made choice of Capt. William Paige,
Lieut. Roland Sears, Deac. Joseph Allen, Capt. Constant My-
rick, and Paul MandeU for said coraraittee ; and they to seat each
person according to age and pay to the last year's valuation or
invoice. Voted, that the front seats in the gaUery be appropri
ated to the use of the men. The question was put, whether the
town would grant the seats on the side galleries next the front
gallery for the use of the men and women singers, and it passed
in the negative.^ Voted, that the town will purchase the pew,
the west side the pulpit stairs, for the use of the minister's fam
ily for the time being, viz., to be kept by the town as a ministry
^ The apprehensions expressed in this for the singers, and what room necessary
vote were not altogether unfounded. The for that purpose, reported as follows :
pew was so high above the general level that they thought it would be proper to
that its occupants were screened from ob- appropriate the west division of the front
servation. According to my recollection, seat and the first and second seats in the
seventy years ago, an ofBcer to " oversee division of the side gaUery next adjoining,
the boys " was more needed there than in for said purpose ; and the town accepted
any other part of the house. of the above report." Subsequently the
^ A " Body of Seats " was originally east division of the front seat and the ad-
constructed, seven on each side of the joining side gallery were substituted, and
centre aisle, for the use respectively of the became a permanent location ; and dur-
n and women, who were not otherwise ing the first quarter of the present cen-
provided for, and who were " seated " by tury, it may be doubted whether better
coraraittees duly appointed. church music, both vocal and instrumen-
' The " method of singing in public tal, was heard in the county, than that
worship " had not then been changed. A which was rendered by the voluntary
convenient place was assigned February choir who entered into that court with
1, 1779: "The committee appointed to thanksgiving.
consider what seats would be convenient

190 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
pew, at £26. 13. 4., being the sum set on the same by Deac. Jo
seph Allen and Joseph Safford, undertakers for building the
meeting-house." August 19, 1771, under a warrant, " to see if
the town would purchase the pew adjoining the pulpit, there
not appearing persons as was proposed to purchase the same," it
was voted, to buy the pew adjoining the pulpit,^ and to keep it
for their own use. " Voted, to give the undertakers of the raeet
ing-house £20. lawful raoney, for said pew." As a proper adjunct
to the teraple for worship, the town voted. May 18, 1772, " to al
low Deac. Joseph AUen 10^ 8* for raaking the stocks."
Having corapleted the house, of which our ancestors were
justly proud (for it was then one of the most elegant in the
county), they took sorae measures for its preservation, which
their less hardy descendants raight not altogether approve. They
voted, March 2, 1772, " that there be no stows carried into the
new Meeting-house ^ with fire in them." How long this pro
hibition was enforced, I know not. It is certain, however, that
foot-stoves were generally used in the house more than seventy
years ago. But the larger stoves, designed to make the whole
house comfortable, were not introduced until within the last fifty
or sixty years. At the present day, it would be regarded as a
painful sacrifice of bodily comfort, to sit in the midst of winter,
without any fire in the house, to listen to a sermon one or two
hours long, and other services of corresponding length ; but
the men who were preparing, and prepared, to march barefooted
in the snow, and lodge on the cold ground, in defence of their
liberties, could easily undergo such a slight inconvenience.
These were apparently the golden days of Mr. White ; but
they were soon overshadowed. The political excitement preced
ing and during the Revolutionary War so entirely engrossed
public attention, that the church becarae comparatively inactive.
For several years before 1779, scarcely any action directiy affect
ing the interests of the church can be gleaned from the records
of either the church or the town, in addition to what has al
ready been mentioned. In 1779 the bodily infirmities of Mr.
1 This pew was in front of the pulpit, tion of the Lord's Supper. It was also
and behind the deacon's seat. Several occupied by the raoderator, selectraen,
aged men occupied it, within my recoUec- and town clerk, at town-meetings, un-
tion, supposing they could hear the til the town house was erected.
preacher more distinctly there than else- 2 xhe old meeting-house was sold,
where ; and hence probably it derived its March 2, 1772, at auction, for £44, to be
amiliar name of " Deaf Pew." It was removed within three months.
used by the pastor, during the celebra-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 191
White, indicated by the employment of an assistant for two
months, in 1741, before mentioned, seem to have increased to
such an extent that the settlement of a coUeague was consid
ered desirable. Contrary to the usual custom, the town took the
lead, and at a regular meeting, January 25, 1779, requested the
church to unite with the town in giving a call to Mr. Joel Fos
ter.^ "Feb. 1,1779. The church . . . being regularly called and
assembled together at the meeting-house, to know the minds of
the members of the church respecting giving a call to Mr. Joel
Foster, to settle in the work of the ministry in said town, as
a colleague with the Rev. Mr. White ; the vote being put, there
appeared thirteen members that were desirous of giving Mr.
Joel Foster a call as above, and sixteen appeared against."
The town was unwilling to yield the point entirely, and on the
same day (February 1, 1779), voted, " to apply to Mr. Joel
Foster, to preach the gospel in this town for a nuraber of
Sabbaths, and chose a coramittee for that purpose, viz., Jonathan
Warner, Timothy Paige, Timothy Newton." The effort to
obtain this manifestly favorite preacher was in vain, and he was
soon ordained at New Salem. After this date, only two votes of
the church appear on record during the ministry of Mr. White,
the former of which, by the indefiniteness of its conclusion, in
dicates some failure of his mental energy : " July 5, 1781. The
church regularly called and met at the meeting-house ; this thing
was proposed : (1) Whether it be the mind of the church that
all baptized are -visible members of the church, and under the
special care and watch of it ; voted in the affirmative : (2) If it
be the mind of this church that the baptized persons under the
care of this church, that are arrived to years of discretion, be
called upon to see whether they own their baptismal vow or not ;
voted in the affirmative. Agreeable to the above vote, in a con
venient time, it was moved in the congregation that all that was
willing to comply with the above vote, by owning their baptismal
vows, would show their consent by standing up ; and a great
number did, — too many to set down their names." The last
1 Rev. Joel Foster, son of Nathan talents, and was specially gifted in
Foster, was born at Stafford, Conn., prayer." 2 Mass. Hist. Coll., iv- 62. He
April 8, 1755, grad. D. C. 1777, was or- was brother to Rev. Daniel Foster, who
dained at New Salem, June 9, 1779, dis- was born at Stafford, in 1751, grad.
missed for lack of corapetent support, D. C. 1777, was ordained at New Brain-
January 21, 1802, and installed at East tree, October 29, 1778, as colleague with
Sudbury (now Wayland), September 7, Rev. Benjamin Buggies, and died in
1803, where he died in office, September office, September 4, 1795.
25, 1812. " He possessed exceUent pulpit

192 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
vote recorded by Mr. White had reference to the employment of
an assistant in his labor : " May 13, 1782. At a church meeting
regularly called and met in the meeting-house, it was put to vote
whether they would invite Mr. Josiah Spaulden ^ to preach any
more with us ; and it passed in the affirraative by a very great
majority." Although the ministry of Mr. Spalding did not re
sult in his permanent settleraent, it did produce a profound im
pression on the church and congregation. It does not appear at
what precise date he coraraenced or ended his labor here ; ^ but
he was actively engaged May 13, 1782, and was then desired to
continue ; and the records show that during the eight raonths
frora December 30, 1781 to August 25, 1782, ninety-one persons
were adraitted to the church by profession, — a larger number
than had been thus admitted during the preceding twenty years.^
Rev. David White, son of Deacon John and Mrs. Hannah
(Wells) White, was born at Hatfield, July 1, 1710 (see Gene
alogies). He grad. Y. C. 1730, was ordained pastor of the first
church in Hardwick on the day of its organization, November
17, 1736, and after a faithful ministry of more than forty-eight
years died in office, January 6, 1784. His salary was sraall, and
probably was never so much as three hundred dollars per annum,
in silver money, though nominally raore in paper currency. Yet
on this sura, together with presents, and the fruits of his own
industry, he managed to support his family, and to give both his
sons a public education. His talents were respectable, but by
no raeans brilliant. His success in giving satisfaction to his
people depended not so rauch on the energy of his mind, as on
the meekness, siraplicity, and purity of his heart. He lived in a
troublesome period, both political and ecclesiastical. Near the
1 Rev. Josiah Spalding was born in of Worcester Co., -p. 127 ; Hist, of Western
Connecticut, grad. Y. C. 1778, was or- Mass., ii. 325.
dained at Uxbridge, September 11, 1783 ; 2 ^g was here June 15, 1782, when he
dismissed October 23, 1787 ; installed at pre.iched " A Sermon on the Nature and
Worthington, August 21, 1788; dis- Criminality of Man's Inability to serve
missed in 1794; installed at Buckland, the Lord," which was printed, and which
October 15, 1794; and died in office, forcibly exhibits the author's "peculiar-
May 8, 1823, aged 72. Of hira and his ity" of opinion, and his power as a
predecessor at Uxbridge, Mr. Whitney revival preacher.
says: they "were dismissed more on 3 During the pastorate of Mr. White
account of the peculiarity of their re- there were added to the original twelve
ligious sentiments than anything beside." founders of the church, two hundred and
I suppose this "peculiarity "was what was eighty-six members by profession, and
denominated Hopkinsianism, or Hopkin- one hundred and thirteen by letter, in
tonianism, about a hundred years ago. all, three hundred and ninety-nine, being
"He was one of the best men and one of an average of a fraction more than eight
the best ministers in the county." Hist, per annura. The baptisms were 1,275, in
cluding adults.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 193
close of his life the Revolution occurred ; and he shared the
trials and distresses of his people. But he lived to witness the
conclusion of hostilities, and the independence of his country.
At a much earlier period, the elements of the ecclesiastical world
were violently agitated. About the year 1740 a " new light,"
as it was called, was discovered. Parties were formed in various
churches, who bitterly contended with each other, freely bandy
ing the epithets of fanaticism, on the one hand, and formality, or
legal righteousness, on the other. Some churches were rent
asunder. And this church did not entirely escape the ravages
of the storm which swept through the land. A portion of its
members withdrew, and were styled " New Lights," or more
generally " Separates." They erected a raeeting-house, and es
tablished a regular meeting. Mr. White and his church mani
fested much forbearance, laboring with their dissatisfied, separat
ing brethren, but never using the rod of excommunication. The
effect of such measures was favorable. The separate party, as
such, became extinct ; some of its members removed from the
town, and others were reconciled to the church ; their meeting
house was demolished, and Mr. White had the happiness to behold
again a state of harraony and peace in his parish. Thus, though
he encountered storms during the journey of life, the evening of his
days was calm and serene, and his sun went down in a clear sky.
His wife (who was a niece of Thomas Wells, Esq., of Deerfield),
had closed her pilgrimage about six months previously, July 17,
1783.^ Their virtues are commemorated on their head-stone in
the old burying-place, which was erected agreeably to a vote of
the town, March 1, 1784, " to be at the cost of setting up grave
stones at Mr. White's grave, and also at Mrs. White's." A
committee reported. May 8, 1786, that the grave-stones had
been procured, at an expense of £7. 18. 0.; the biU of "Mr.
Sikes," the stone-cutter, being £4. 10. 0., and biUs for incidental
expenses, paid to Captain Warner, David Allen, Benjamin
Convers, Widow DooUttle, and Joseph Perry, amounting to
£3. 8. 0.
The church met January 9, 1784, three days after the decease
of Mr. White, " and made choice of Deac. Joseph Allen as their
Moderator while destitute of a minister. Also voted to give the
ministers who were bearers at the Rev. Mr. White's funeral,
1 In the early part of this century, the able not only for her lady-like aiid Chris-
uniform testimony of those who remem- tian deportment, but also for her intellect-
bered Mrs. White was, that she was one ual power, in which she was far superior
of the excellent of the earth, and remark- to her husband.
13

194 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
each of them gloves." Prompt measures were taken to fill the
vacancy occasioned by the death of Mr. White, but for a long
time they were unsuccessful. The church appointed a meeting
January 22, 1784, " in order to give Mr. Jedson ^ a call to settle
in the work of the gospel ministry with us." The town con
curred, February 10, 1784, by a vote of "45 for it, and 19
against it, the majority 26." At an adjourned meeting, Febru
ary 16, 1784, it was proposed to reconsider this vote, " and there
appeared 30 for it and 30 against it." The church then voted,
June 3, 1784, " to give Mr. Medad Rogers a call to settle with
us as a gospel minister in this place, by a number of fifty-three
merabers present." The town concurred June 4, 1784 (^12 aff.
1 neg.), and agreed to give Mr. Rogers £200 settlement, and
£80 per annum while able to perform pastoral duty, and £40
per annura afterwards; or £100 per annum, and no settlement.
At a church meeting, September 2, 1784, " then voted and ap
pointed Wednesday the thirteenth day of October next to ordain
Mr. Medad Rogers, Pastor over this church and congregation,"
and selected the members of the ordaining council. In this
action of the church, the town also concurred on the next day,
September 3, 1784. But for some reason, not stated in the
record, the ordination was not accomplished. During these
negotiations, the church met July 1, 1784, "to consult whether
the practice of baptizing the children of those that own the
covenant, as it is called, is warranted in scripture or not ; after
debating the matter calmly it was proposed to adjourn the meet
ing for further consideration. Then voted and adjourned said
meeting to the 22"* day of July instant, having first voted that
Mr. Rogers be desired to preach a sermon on said subject before
the congregation. According to adjournment, the church met,
and being opened by prayer, proceeded on the affair above
named, and after further debating the matter, it was proposed
to adjourn the meeting to Thursday the twelfth of August next,
1 Rev. Adoniram Judson, born at tion, Jan. 23, 1787." He was dismissed
Woodbury, Conn., June 25, 1751, grad. Y. in 1791 ; was mstalled at Wenham De-
C. 1775, was first settled in the ministry cember 26, 1792; dismissed October 22,
at Maiden. " On the third of July, 1786, 1799; installed at Plymouth May 12,
their call devolved on Rev. Adoniram 1802; became a Baptist, and was dis-
Judson, on which occasion, Capt. John missed in August, 1817. He died No-
Dexter entered his protest upon the vember 25, 1826. See Bicentennial Book
church records against 'settling a minis- of Maiden, -p. 166. The Hardwick church
ter of the Bade Hopkintonian Principels.' in 1784 was decidedly Hopkintonian in
After calling four councils he was or- sentiment.
dained at last, amid a terapest of opposi-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 195
at three of clock afternoon : also voted, that those persons that
have been heretofore admitted as half-way members,^ as called,
are desired to meet with the church at the same time, to hear
their debates on the subject in hand. August twelfth : Ac
cording to adjournment the church met, and opened by prayer ;
and after debating the case above named a suitable tirae it then
was put to vote that the church would not adrait any more to
own the covenant, in order to baptize their children for the
future." Thus, while destitute of a pastor, but with due de
Uberation, and probably under the lead of Deacon AUen, the
church discontinued a custom which had existed in the New
England churches for more than a century, and which had often
been the cause of contention and heart-burnings. It continued
in use, for the next half century, in some other churches, but has
at last, it is supposed, been entirely abandoned.
At a church meeting, October, 1784, it was " put to vote to
see if the church thinks it expedient to give Mr. Medad Rogers a
call, a second time, to settle with us in the work of the gospel
ministry in this place, and it passed in the affirmative by a num
ber of voters, in favor 40, dissenters 7." The town concurred
January 11, 1785, by a vote of 68 affirraative, 40 negative. This
effort was fruitless, and the church voted. May 19, 1785, to give
Mr. Judson a second call to become its pastor ; the vote " passed
in the affirmative by upwards of forty members." The town
concurred, June 2, 1785, by a vote of 57 affirmative, 19 negative.
This effort also failed, and a majority of the church, March 9,
1786, voted " to give Mr. Thomas Crafts a call to settle with us
as a gospel minister ; " but another meeting was held, March
23, 1786, " to reconsider the call given by this church, 9* in-
1 " It was felt that the children of bap- children are members of the same church
tized persons should have a different with their parents, and when grown up
position from Indians and other pagans are under the care of that church. But
who might hear the word of God. It was this does not of itself admit them to full
held by many, that if baptized parents, communion. Yet when they understand
even if not regenerate, were willing to and publicly profess the faith, and are
renew the baptismal covenant, and be- upright in life, and own the covenant,
come subject to church discipline, their and submit theraselves to the government
children could properly be baptized, of the church, their children are to be
This feeling and practice were growing baptized. . . . This decision in regard to
up in the churches, when a synod of the baptism is known as the Half-way Cove-
elders and messengers of the churches nant, inasmuch as it granted baptism to
was called. This was held in Boston in the children of certain persons who were
the spring of 1662. ... In regard to the not qualified for admission to the Lord's
matter of baptism, the result was sub- Table." McKenzie's History of the First
stantially that the members of the visible Church of Cambridge, pp. 110, 111.
church are subjects of baptism, and that

196 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
stant, to Mr. Thoraas Crafts, to settle in this place as a gospel
minister ; then put to vote to recall as above, and it passed in the
affirmative." ^ At a town-meeting. May 7, 1787, on the question
of giving a call to Mr. Elijah Kellogg, probably in concurrence
with the church, there were " one hundred in favor of it and
none against it."
It would seem, from Mr. Holt's letter of acceptance and Dr.
Trumbull's sermon at his ordination, that there was great dis
agreement and contention in both town and church, so that for
almost two years they could not agree upon a candidate for the
pastorship. The clouds, however, at last dispersed, and the town,
April 6, 1789, unanimously concurred with the church in extend
ing an invitation to Mr. Thomas Holt, of Wallingford, Conn., to
become their pastor ; which invitation he accepted in a letter so
characteristic of his habit of amplification, that it is here inserted,
as entered on the records of both the church and the town : —
" To the Church of Christ and other Inhabitants of the Town
of Hardwick. — Friends and Brethren : The affection and re
spect which you have manifested towards rae are highly worthy
of my attention, gratitude, and warmest acknowledgments. The
idea of a church destitute of a pastor, and a nuraerous people
without a teacher, — the spirited altercations and unhappy di
visions 2 which have appeared imminently to threaten the cause
of religion and very existence of Christianity in this place, the
present perfect unanimity and affection of this church and people,
— and the unhappy consequences which would probably follow,
should I manifest an excusing disposition, — are considerations
very solemn and important. Your present respect and entire
union among yourselves exhibits an event which by no means
corresponds with my previous expectations, especially your choice
of me for your Pastor and Teacher ; this, doubtless, is the Lord's
doing, and ought to be marvellous in our eyes. But ' who is
sufficient for these things ? ' sufficient to stem the torrent of vice,
mixed with delusion, which at the present day appears greatly to
threaten the cause of religion. Who among men or angels is
1 Probably, to reconsider, or to recall Zion hath been covered with a cloud, and
the invitation previously given. The con- experienced unhappy years of controversy
tinuation of the Church Records, after and division, he hath visited you in
this date, until the settlement of Rev. mercy, healed your divisions, aud given
Thomas Holt, more than three years you uncommon unanimity and peace."
later, are not known to exist ; they dis- Ordination Sermon, at Hardwick, June
appeared more than forty years ago. 25, 1789, by Benjamin Trumbull, A. M.,
^ " We have occasion of abundant joy of North Haven, pp. 34, 35.
and thanksgiving to God, ithat after this

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 197
sufficient against temptations, internal and external, against the
infernal stratagems of the grand apostate, to watch for souls as
one who must give an account ? The office of a Bishop is a good,
though a painful, trying, and laborious work. Since I received
an invitation to assume the office and work of a Gospel Bishop
or Minister in this place, I have attempted to consider your situa
tion with mature deUberation. A reply to your unaniraous in
vitation is considered as solemnly important to the church and
people in this place and to myself. My Fathers and Brethren in
the ministry have been consulted, as from experience they know
the cares, the trials, and labors of a rainister. A consciousness of
ray self-deficiency, and apparently inadequate ability, excites
eraotlons not the most pleasing ; and might I not depend upon
divine support and assistance, self-diffidence, discouragement, and
despondency, would appear formidable obstacles.
" But let us corae to the important decision. My friends and
brethren ; the manifestations of your benevolence and affection
towards me, in treating ray character and youth with esteem, re
spect and tenderness, while I have labored among you in word
and doctrine, must necessarily excite sensations of peculiar en
dearment towards you, and presage future exhibitions of the
same if not increasing and reciprocal affection. I hope and trust
that with humility, dependence, and prayerfulness, I have looked
to the great Head of the Church, for his guidance and direction.
Your respect, esteem, and affection, manifested as I have already
observed, your unexpected, happy and perfect unanimity, in giv
ing me an invitation to take the charge of this church and people,
under Jesus Christ the Captain of our salvation, — the pleasing
prospect arising from your union and affection of answering the
great end of preaching the gospel, of being a happy instruraent
of building up the kingdom of the Great Redeemer in this
place, and in promoting, if not the temporal, yet the highest, the
immortal interests of this church and people, — these considera
tions are powerful arguments and inducements to excite and
support a belief that yours is a Call from God ; that it is the
design of the Great Head of the church that he whom you have
unanimously chosen should be constituted Pastor of the church
and Minister among the people in Hardwick. Trusting not by
constraint, but of a ready mind, this pubUc declaration is raade,
that I comply with your unanimous invitation. I consent, if
it should be the divine pleasure, to spend my Ufe and strength
in this place, for the cause of Christ, and the interest and im-

198 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
raortal happiness of this church and people. Since an inspired
apostle hath said, ' If any provide not for his own, and espe
cially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith and is
worse than an infidel,' it would doubtless be improper and sinful
for any one to deny the faith or gospel, which he is to preach,
by neglecting a decent support. Again he saith, ' No man that
warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life, that he
may please him who hath chosen hira to be a soldier ; ' and ' even
so hath the Lord ordained, that they which preach the gospel
should live of the gospel.' While I may dispense to you the
mysteries of the kingdom of God, and preach the unsearchable
riches of Christ, — while I spend the remainder of my days, and
wear out my life and strength in the cause of the Redeemer, for
the purpose of promoting your highest interest, your everlasting
peace, — while I sow unto you spiritual things, — is it a great
thing if I should reap some of your carnal things ? As it would
doubtless contribute greatly to your advantage, and my own
peace, happiness, and usefulness araong you, could I give myself
wholly to these things, or the work of the gospel ministry, with
full confidence, under the disposal of a wise and beneficent
Providence, I must rely upon your generosity and affection, to
afford that comfortable and honorable support which I trust
comports with your present intention.
" Permit me to acknowledge with thankfulness the peculiar af
fection, kindness, and generosity, of numbers, raanifested by sub
scription, for the purpose of furnishing a great domestic conven
ience and defence against the uncomfortable effects of inclement
seasons. " Men, Brethren, and Fathers, I request an interest in your
prayers, that I may be furnished abundantly to the great and im
portant work of the evangelical ministry ; that I may be made a
faithful, zealous, and successful minister of the gospel ; that I
may be raade an erainent and lasting blessing to this church and
people ; that I may be a son of consolation to the humble broken
hearted penitent, and a son of thunder to the careless impenitent
sinner ; that my ministration may become a savour of life unto
life to immortal souls, and not a savour of death unto death ; and
that raany souls raay be given to me for my crown of rejoicing
in the day of Jesus Christ. ' Let brotherly love continue. Let
us therefore follow after the things which make for peace, and
things wherewith one may edify another.' Let peace, harmony,
unanimity, and affection, abound among you. ' Finally, breth-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 199
ren, be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace,
and the God of love and peace shall be with you.' I am, friends
and brethren, yours in the Gospel of Christ. Thomas Holt,
Hardwick, May 23^ 1789."
Rev. Mr. Holt was ordained ^ June 25, 1789, and for several
years the church had peace. Up to this time the records of the
church had been kept on loose sheets of paper, so folded that
each sheet would make sixteen pages, the larger part of which,
though never bound, remain until the present time, but some
what mutilated. Immediately after Mr. White's decease, the
church met, January 15, 1784, and " chose a committee to search
the Church Records, viz., Joseph Allen, William Paige, and
Nathaniel Paige ; also voted, to purchase a church bound book
containing two quire of paper." The book was bought but not
used until Mr. Holt became pastor of the church. From the old
loose records he transferred into the new volume what related to
the gathering of the church and the ordination of Mr. White,
and entered at full length his own letter of acceptance of his call
to the pastorship. Then he inserted, in his remarkably distinct
and legible chirography, " The Church's Confession of Faith " and
" Covenant." Whether these had been in use from the tirae
when the church was organized, or whether they had been
adopted at a more recent period, I am unable to determine ; but
as they exhibit the form of doctrine professed by the church in
1789, I insert them in full : —
" THE church's confession OF FAITH.
" We believe that there is one true and living God, who is over
all blessed forever, who is the Creator, Preserver, and Governor
of the Universe. We believe that in the unity of the Godhead
there are three distinct Persons, the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Ghost, each possessed of all divine perfections. We believe
that God made Adam, the first man, in his own holy image, con
sisting in knowledge and true holiness, giving him a law for a
rule of his obedience, and entering into a covenant with hira,
1 The services at Mr. Holt's ordination Mass. ; concluding prayer. Rev. Joseph
were as follows : Introductory prayer^ Appleton, Brookfield, Mass.
Rev. Charles IjBackus, Somers, Conn.; Rev. Daniel Tomlinson, Oakham,
sermon. Rev. Benjamin TrurabuU, North Mass., Rev. John Willard, Jr., Meriden,
Haven, Conn.; consecrating prayer. Rev. Conn., and Rev. Joseph Blodgett, Green-
Josiah Dana, Barre, Mass. ; charge, Rev. wich, Mass., were also members of the
Nathan Fiske, Brookfield, Mass. ; fellow- ordaining council. Rev. Mr. Fiske was
ship. Rev. Daniel Foster, New Braintree, moderator, and Rev. Mr. Foster, scribe.

200 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
promising life to him and all his posterity in case of perfect obe
dience, but threatening death in case of disobedience ; that Adam
broke covenant with God by eating the forbidden fruit, and sub
jected himself and all his posterity to the wrath and curse of
God ; so that every raan coraes into the world in a state of entire
alienation from God. We believe that from all eternity God
designed to glorify the riches of his grace in the salvation of an
elect number of the fallen cliildren of Adara, through the media
tion of Jesus Christ. To effect this purpose, we believe that the
Lord Jesus Christ, the eternal Son of God, became man, and offered
himself a sacrifice on the cross, to reconcile the Elect to God ; and as
he was delivered for their offences, so he was raised for their justi
fication, and ascended into heaven to make intercession for them.
We believe that it is the peculiar office of the Holy Spirit to ap
ply the benefits of Christ's Redemption to the souls of men, and
that he does this by working faith in them, and thereby uniting
them to Christ in their effectual calling. We believe that fallen
man has lost all power to do that which is spiritually good, and
is not able to convert and turn hiraself to God ; and therefore
that effectual calling is the special and almighty work of the
Spirit of God in and upon the hearts of sinners, whereby, if un
willing, they are made willing in the day of his power to go to
Christ for life. We believe that those who are effectually called
are justified through the righteousness of the Lord Jesus Christ,
imputed to thera, and received by faith alone. We believe that
those who are justified are also sanctified ; and that the work of
sanctification will be carried on, and they will be enabled to per
severe in grace and holiness to the end of their lives. We beUeve
that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are a Revela
tion from God, that they are a plain, perfect, and unerring rule
of life, and that we ought to believe all their doctrines and obey
aU their precepts. We beUeve that God has appointed his ordi
nances for the spiritual good of his people, for the improveraent
of grace and holiness in them. We believe that at death the
souls of the righteous are made perfect in hoUness, and do irarae
diately pass into glory and happiness, but the souls of the wicked
into torment and misery. We beUeve that the Lord Jesus Christ
will come a second time, to raise the dead and judge the -world ;
then shall the wicked, in their raised bodies, go away into a state
of endless misery ; but the righteous into Ufe eternal.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 201

" THE COVENANT.

" And now, in a serious and humble sense of our indispensable
duty to answer the call of Christ in the gospel, who, notwith
standing our miserable and lost condition by nature and practice,
is still inviting us to partake of all the blessings of the Covenant
of Grace, as we have obtained help, we do now, in the presence
of God, angels, and this assembly, avouch the Lovd Jehovah, the
only true and living God, to be our God, giving up ourselves to
God, the Father, as our Creator, to God, the Son, as our Re
deemer, to God, the Holy Ghost, as our Sanctifier, in the way
and on the terms of the Covenant of Grace, and in our place, we
do engage to bear witness against sin, and, by the assistance of
divine grace, to walk in a holy obedience to all the laws and
. ordinances of Christ, upholding the worship of God in this place,
and submitting ourselves to the discipline of Christ, according to
his word, contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testa-
raents, which we receive as the only Rule of Faith and Manners."
In the interregnum preceding Mr. Holt's ordination, the church
raet. May 12, 1785, and elected two additional deacons, —
Ebenezer Willis and Nathaniel Paige ; ^ so that there were then
four officers of that grade. But the number was soon diminished.
Deacon Joseph Allen died August 18, 1793, aged 84, after
active service as a church officer for the extraordinary period of
more than fifty-six years ; during the larger portion of which
time, according to ancient tradition, he was the leading spirit in
the church. He was also the last survivor of those who organ
ized the church in 1736.^ Sorae of his raanuscripts, both in
prose and rhyme, were published at Brookfield, 1795, in a
pamphlet containing 51 pages, octavo, entitled, " The Last Ad
vice and Farewell of Deacon Joseph Allen to the Church and
Congregation of Hardwick."
The pastorate of Mr. Holt was uneventful. He zealously
1 Nathaniel Paige was son of Christo- I mentioned in the year 1781, there were
pher Paige, the first deacon of the church, two raales and three females living, who
and brother of Williara Paige, who was were members of the church when first
elected deacon November 9, 1769, and gathered. I would now observe that
died February 14, 1790. The two broth- since the beginning of 1789, there has
ers were coUeagues in office nearly five none survived except myself." Last Ad-
years. "iee, etc., p. 19.
'^ "July, 1791. It may be remembered

202 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
preached that form of Calvinism which was then styled Hopkin
sianism, as set forth in the " System of Doctrines " arranged by
Samuel Hopkins, D. D., and insisted on the most rigid .observ
ance of all the forms and ceremonies prescribed by the Puritan
Church. Perhaps the sarae lack of variety in his discourses
which afterwards caused dissatisfaction at Essex, may have pre
vented any signal success here. For some reason no extraordi
nary interest of activity was developed in the church or congrega
tion. The additions to the church averaged only a fraction more
than four per annum, namely, forty-six by profession, and nine
teen by letter, sixty-five in all, during the sixteen years of his
ministry ; being less than half the average number admitted by
his predecessor, the Rev. Mr. White. Few cases of discipline
occurred in the church, at this period, and none which resulted in
excomraunication.i Gradually the tie which united the pastor
and people was weakened, until at length it was sundered, ap
parently on account of his inability to subsist upon his salary and
their unwillingness to increase it ; but there must have been
sorae other reason on their part ; for iraraediately after his dis
mission, they readily granted a much larger salary to his suc
cessor. Mr. Holt's salary was three hundred dollars. Finding
this sum, and the incorae of a sraall farm which he owned and
cultivated, insufficient to supply his wants, after previous in
effectual appeals for relief, he presented to the town a character
istic address at a meeting held March 4, 1805, "to hear a
statement or proposition from the Rev. Thomas Holt, and to act
thereon as they in their wisdom shall think fit or proper." I
quote the record in full : —
" The Rev. Mr. Holt attended and made the following com
munication. — The inhabitants of the town of Hardwick, as
sembled in town-meeting, March the 4*, A. D. 1805: Gentle
men, The committee appointed by the town, the last spring, to
confer with the undersigned, appeared fully sensible, after
conference, that his salary was by no means competent to meet
his necessary annual expenditures. Through the medium of the
sarae committee, by their advice, he made a communication to
the town, May the 30*, A. D. 1804, respecting the incompetency
I The record of one such case exhibits the name of God upon a feUow-creatnre."
the pastor's formality of speech and skiU Probably the " profane curse " contained
in amplification. The charge, entered on three short words. The culprit made a
the church record, was that the offending satisfactory explanation, and was for-
member was guilty of " uttering a pro- given.
fane curse, in imprecating damnation in

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 203
of his salary. He has never been informed that the town,
generally speaking, are not fully sensible that his salary was as
inadequate as he represented ; yet no means of relief was granted.
This inadequacy is not considered as arising from a defect in the
sum stipulated in the original contract, but from a depreciation
in the comparative value of the circulating medium with the
necessaries of life, since : — which, for several years has been esti
mated, it is conceived, at one third. The foUowing statement
of the prices current of some of the principal articles of support
about the year 1789, and the present prices current of the same
articles, may show the justness of the estimation above suggested,
and illustrate the great diminution of the present salary of the
undersigned, and its consequent inadequacy for a support.
" 12 Bushels of Wheat, at 6^ pr. B. $12.00

25 B.

of Rye,

at 4? pr. B.

16.67

50 B.

of Indian Corn,

at 3' pr. B.

25.00

600 wt.

of Beef,

at 20= pr. Ct.

20.00

500 wt.

of Pork,

at 25" pr. Ct.

20.83

300 wt.
of Cheese,
at 5^ pr. lb.
20.83
100 wt.
of Butter,
at 8* pr. Ib.
11.11
A man's
labor 6 months,
40.00==
166.44
Add
one third.
83.22
249.66
'Prices of the same articles current in the years 1804 and 1805 :
"12 Bushels
3 of Wheat,
at W pr. B.
$20.00
25 B.
of Rye,
at 6' pr. B.
25.00
50 B.
of Indian Corn
, at 5= pr. B.
41.67
600 wt.
of Beef,
at 30' pr. Ct.
30.00
500 wt.
of Pork,
at 36' pr. Ct.
30.00
300 wt.
of Cheese,
at 54= pr. Ct.
27.00
100 wt.
of Butter,
at 20 cents pr. lb.
20.00
A man's
labor 6 months.
74.00 =
= 267.67
Compare the old prices, ^ added,
249.66
Reduced $18.01 more than one third, 18.01
" The above statement is the result of consulting men of good
information, and examining merchant's books, with reference to
the different periods above stated ; and it is beUeved that the dif
ference in the prices current of the articles above specified is not
exaggerated. From this it appears that the sum stipulated as a
salary for the undersigned will procure scarcely so much, by one
204 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
third, of the articles essential to a support as it would in the year
in which he was ordained. The estiraate is made on the princi
pal articles frora which the inhabitants procure the means of pay
ing their minister's salary. The consequence then appears to be
that the norainal sura stipulated for a salary does not at present
require hardly two thirds so rauch property in value as it did in
the year 1789, when the contract was estabUshed ; the whole of
the depreciation in the value of the circulating medium must con
sequently fall on the undersigned, and render his salary greatly
below a competency for a support. Hence he cannot suppose it
beyond what was mutually expected from the contracting parties
at the tirae of forming the contract, for the town to grant a pe
cuniary consideration sufficient to make his salary competent for
a support. " It is his request, therefore, that they would grant him a con
sideration adequate to this purpose. But if the town should
judge it unreasonable to grant such pecuniary consideration, yet
they surely will not suppose it reasonable that he should be con
fined to labor in their eraployraent, the remainder of his life, for
a stipend so materially inadequate to his necessary expenditures,
and so rauch less in value than what his contract appears orig
inally to have comprised ; and it may be added so much less than
what has universally been judged no more than adequate to a
minister's support in all those towns in this vicinity, nay in the
Commonwealth, where ministers have been ordained within six
or eight years, and nurabers of others where people have
granted their ministers a consideration for the present deprecia
tion in the value of their stipulated salaries. Although it is the
heart's desire of the undersigned not to leave the town, but to
live and die with the people of his charge, with whom he has been
connected by a solemn and responsible relation for almost sixteen
years, yet the inconveniences necessarily resulting from a salary
so much diminished from its original value, and so incompetent to
a decent support, compel him, if the town should not alleviate his
burdens, to seek a degree of relief by a regular dismission. If the
town then prefer a dissolution of the existing connection to a
grant of a consideration for the present reduced state of his sal
ary, then his request is that they would by vote give their con
sent that he may take a disraission in the coramon form, by the
advice and consent of an Ecclesiastical Council to be called for
that purpose by the Pastor and Church. — Gentlemen, with due
consideration, yours in the Gospel of Christ, Thomas Holt.
Hardwick, March 4*, 1805.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 205
" The town took the foregoing comraunication into considera
tion, and on motion, — will the town grant any additional sum to
the Rev. Thoraas Holt for his support? it passed in the negative :
on motion, — will the town consent that the church join with
their Rev. Pastor in calUng an Ecclesiastical Council, for his reg
ular dismission? it passed in the affirmative." i The Council
granted an honorable dismission March 27, 1805.
April 1, 1805. " Voted, to make a present of seventy-five dol
lars to the Rev. Thoraas Holt. Voted, that the Rev. Mr. Holt be
requested to preach to us on the approaching Fast-day ; Mr. Holt
consented to supply the pulpit on said day, by himself or an
other." After his dismission, Mr. Holt preached occasionally, as oppor
tunity offered, uiitU January 25, 1809, when he was installed as
pastor of the church in that part of Ipswich which afterwards be
came the town of Essex. This new horae was not permanent.
He " was esteemed a sound, scriptural preacher ; but after hear
ing him two or three years, his parishioners began to complain of
a sufficient variety in his discourses, which they first imputed to
his not writing thera. They therefore chose a coraraittee to wait
on him and request hira to write his serraons. With this he com
plied ; but as the evil, in their judgraent, was not reraoved, they
respectfully requested him to resign. With this also he complied,
and on the 20th of April, 1813, he was honorably dismissed by a
Council. The parish gave him a hundred dollars to defray the
expense of his removal, and he returned to his farm in Hard
wick." 2
During the remainder of his life, Mr. Holt cultivated his farm
and preached occasionally. He had no other pastorate, but
perforraed sorae missionary labor, of which he preserved an exact
account from day to day, and the sum total at the end of each
engagement, in what he styled his " Missionary Journal." I
have three of those Journals before me, describing labors at
Paris, Me., from July 26, 1816, to February 26, 1817 ; at Lovell
and Albany, Me., from March 5 to September 3, 1819; and at
Springfield, WendeU, and Goshen, N. H., frora Noveraber 25,
1819, to June 5, 1820. The sumraary of his services in the first
' It was a tradition in my younger suit was utterly unexpected by Mr. Holt,
days that both of these votes passed with- and that he subsequently expressed re-
out opposition, so that Mr. Holt united gret that he had presented the alternative
the whole town twice, — both his call and to the town.
his dismission being determined by unan- 2 CrowiU's History of Essex, p. 269.
imous vote. It was also said that this re-

206 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
of these missions may serve as a fair specimen of the whole : —
" During seven raonths of missionary labor, I have made 10
school-visits ; i 18 visits to the sick and afflicted ; attended one
funeral ; admitted, by vote of churches, 10 persons as members
in fuU comraunion; baptized 20 adults and children; adrainis
tered the Lord's Supper 4 times ; preached 145 sermons ; and
made 434 family visits."
Rev. Thomas Holt, son of Daniel and Mary Holt, was born at
Meriden, Conn., Noveraber 9, 1762, grad. Y. C. 1784, married
Sarah, daughter of Rev. Ebenezer Chaplin of Sutton, May 5,
1796, had seven children, named in the Genealogies, and died
February 21, 1836. He was buried in that part of the new
cemetery which was formerly a portion of his homestead. Dur
ing his ministry here, he adraitted 65 persons into the church,
baptized 191, including adults, and married 177 couples.
The successor of Mr. Holt was Rev. WilUam Brigham Wesson,
who was born in Hopkinton, May 29, 1777, but in early life
was carried to Athol by his parents, William and Mary Wesson.
Chiefly if not entirely by his own exertions, he defrayed the
expense of a liberal education at Wiliiaras College, and graduated
in 1802, thus early displaying that energy of character which
distinguished hira through life. The town concurred with the
church, August 7, 1805, in calling him to become their pastor,
and voted to fix his salary at five hundred dollars per annum ;
but added a proviso, apparently designed to guard against a
repetition of embarrassments previously encountered : — " Pro
vided, nevertheless, that if three fourths of the qualified voters in
the Society should think proper, at any time, to dismiss the said
Mr. Wesson, it shall be in their power ; and also the said Mr.
Wesson shall be at liberty to dismiss himself when he thinks
proper. Either party is to give one year's previous notice. . . .
Chose Capt. Daniel Warner, Doct. WiUiam Cutler, and Timothy
Paige, Esq., a committee to wait on Mr. Wesson, and inform him
of the doings of the town." Without unnecessary delay, Mr.
Wesson gave an answer, characteristically different from that of
his predecessor, before quoted : —
" To the church and congregation of tbe town of Hardwick. —
Brethren and Friends : The time has come at which you have
1 His " school-visits " were not a mere order ; heard the children and youth spell
forra, as is raanifest frora his Journal and read, inspected their writing and
under date of December 31, 1816: arithmetic, heard a grammar-class parse,
" Visited a school ; found it in decent addressed the school, and prayed."

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 207
reason to expect an answer to the caU which you have presented
me, to settle with you in the work of the gospel ministry. Hav
ing had the subject under serious and prayerful consideration I
have come to the following conclusion, — to answer in the affirm
ative. Sincerely wishing grace, mercy, and peace, through our
common Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, may be multiplied,
William B. Wesson. — To Messrs. Warner, Cutler, and Paige,
Committee in behalf of said church and congregation. Hard
wick, Sep. 21, 1805."
Mr. Wesson was ordained October 20, 1805,^ and for several
years the harmony between the pastor and the flock was undis
turbed. In the pulpit, his stately form and magnificent voice
gave full effect to his discourses ; while in private life, his affa-
biUty of manners and buoyancy of spirit attracted a multitude of
friends. In 1810, sixty-five persons became members of the
church, precisely the same number which were admitted by his
predecessor, during his entire pastorate ; and in 1820 there was
a further addition of one hundred and fourteen merabers ; a
larger number than were ever before or since admitted in any
one year. So far, his ministry must be regarded as successful.
But about the year 1815 the Trinitarian and Unitarian contro
versy became public, and it was prosecuted very vigorously, not
to say furiously, until it resulted in a widespread breaking up of
churches and parishes. Mr. Wesson did not become an active
partisan on either side. Avoiding this exciting topic in his pub
lic discourses, and discussing chiefly such subjects as might pro
mote peace and mutual edification, he preserved comparative
harmony in the parish, and secured the rich harvest of 1820 to
the church. Unfortunately for him, however, Hardwick was em
braced within the limits of the Brookfield Association,^ which was
largely composed of stern and resolute champions of Trinitarian-
ism, who could not endure opposition, or even neutrality, on the
^ At Mr. Wesson's ordination the ser- (now Phillipston), Rev. John Fiske, New
vices were as foUows : — Braintree, and Rev. Thomas Snell,
Introductory prayer. Rev. Daniel Tom- Brookfield, were also members of the
linson, Oakham, Mass. ; serraon. Rev. ordaining council. Rev. Mr. Ward was
Joseph Lee, Royalston, Mass. ; conse- moderator, and Rev. Mr. Snell, scribe.
crating prayer. Rev. Joseph Pope, Spen- ^ Had his lot been cast in the adjoining
cer, Mass. ; charge, Rev. Ephraim Ward, Association, which contained some of his
Brookfield, Mass. ; fellowship, Rev. most intiraate clerical associates, such as
Thomas Mason, Northfield, Mass. ; con- Rev. Messrs. James Thompson, of Barre ;
eluding prayer. Rev. Joseph Blodgett, Festus Foster, of Petersham ; Ezekiel L.
Greenwich, Mass. Bascora, of Phillipston ; and Alpheus
Rev. Joshua Crosby, Greenwich, (now Harding, of New Salera ; the result might
Enfield), Rev. Ezekiel L. Bascom, Gerry, have been very different.

208 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
part of their associates. Suspecting Mr. Wesson's soundness in
the faith, after ineffectual attempts to enlist him under their own
banner, they assumed a hostile attitude, and persevered until
they succeeded in aUenating frora him the confidence and Chris
tian sympathy of a majority of his church. A majority of the
parish adhered to hira, and at a raeeting, May 26, 1823, " to see
whether the Congregational Society in Hardwick are acquainted
with any facts relating to the previous conduct of the Rev. Wil
liam B. Wesson, which would induce them to desire his dismis
sion," it was " voted, to choose a coramittee of three to request
the Rev. WUliam B. Wesson to come and read the communica
tion from the Brookfield Association ; Voted, and chose Elijah
Amidon, Sarauel Billings, and Stephen K. Wardwell, a com
mittee for that purpose ; Voted, to divide the house, and it was
counted ; there was one hundred and five in favor of the Rev.
Williara B. Wesson, and none against hira." During the next
year, the condition of affairs " bettered nothing, but rather grew
worse." Apparently despairing of a restoration of peace and
harraony, Mr. Wesson at length addressed to the selectmen a
coraraunication which is preserved in the Hardwick Archives :
" To the Selectmen of the town of Hard-wick. — Gentlemen,
Having had occasion to notice, within a few days, that the ' fire '
of opposition ' is not quenched,' and having come to the con
clusion that my continuance in the rainistry will neither promote
my own happiness, nor, under existing circumstances, be so use
ful to the people as I could wish, I have therefore thought
proper to request you to issue your warrant to notify a legal
meeting of the inhabitants of Hardwick, and especially those
belonging to the Congregational Society in said town, to meet in
town-meeting, to act on the following question, to wit : — whether
they will consent that the contract existing between us be dis
solved at my request. By complying with this request you will
confer a favor on your friend and Pastor, WiLLlAM B. WESSON.
Hardwick, May 29, 1824." A meeting was accordingly held
June 14, 1824, at which it was " voted unanimously, that the
contract existing between the Rev. William B. Wesson and said
Society be dissolved at his request." These proceedings were
ratified and confirraed by an Ecclesiastical CouncU, June 30,
1824.1 During his ministry Mr. Wesson admitted 232 persons
1 It is indicated in the record of a tive members, iu their crusade against
town-meeting, May 26, 1823, that the Mr. Wesson, not only pronounced him to
Brookfield Association, or some of its ac- be unsound in the faith, but impeached

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 2^
into the church (an average of somewhat more than twelve per
annum), baptized 395 adults and chUdren, and attended 463
funerals. After his dismission he engaged temporarily in mer
cantile business, but chiefly devoted his attention to the cultiva
tion of his farm, which is now in possession of his eldest son.
He died May 9, 1836, aged nearly 59 years, and was buried in
the new cemetery. Some account of his family is inserted in
the Genealogical department.^
Several ineffectual attempts were made to fill the vacant pul
pit. A large majority of the church were Trinitarians ; a minor
ity of the church and a decided majority of the congregation were
Anti-Trinitarians, composed of Unitarians, Universalists, and
others ; and on this rock the original parish was wrecked. The
church invited Rev. Wales Tileston, October 14, 1824, to become
their pastor, by a vote of 33 aff. to 5 neg. The town non-con
curred November 1, 1824, by a vote of 45 aff. against 79 neg.
April 14, 1825, the church invited Rev. Henry H. F. Sweet by
unanimous vote ; the town concurred May 16, 1825, by a vote of
58 aff. to 44 neg., "on condition that he avow a willingness, on
his part, to make exchanges and hold ministerial intercourse and
fellowship -with Unitarian clergymen as well as others." He was
not ordained ; probably he declined making the required avowal.
By unanimous vote, December 12, 1825, the church extended a
call to Rev. John Wilder, Jr. ; the town concurred, 70 aff., 41
neg., in the invitation to this candidate, " who has avowed a wil
lingness to hold ministerial intercourse with the denomination of
Christians called Unitarians." This call was declined. August
28, 1826. The town refused to caU Rev. Eliphalet P. Crafts,
42 aff., 49 neg. December 18, 1826. The church refused to in
vite Rev. Nathaniel Gage, 3 aff., 27 neg. ; the town voted, January
1, 1827, to " concur with a rainority of the church in giving Mr.
Nathaniel Gage a call to settle," &c., 107 aff., 37 neg. This was
the last joint effort of the two parties 'to agree upon a candidate
his moral character or " conduct." By mentioning names or any further par-
advice of friends, he commenced a suit at ticulars in connection with this unhappy
law against some of the principal offend- controversy.
ers ; and although one of them is said to i My personal recollections of Mr.
have insisted that he had always been Wesson are very pleasant. He gave me
particularly cautious to avoid saying any- my first lessons in Latin, and encouraged
thing "actionable," the jury pronounced me in my studies generally; and through
them guilty, and assessed damages. Al- the whole period of youth, from time to
though more than half a century has time, imparted very useful advice.
elapsed, it seems proper to refrain from
14

210 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
for the pastorate ; and this also was unsuccessful. As a last re
sort, the town, or Congregational Society, as it had for some time
been called, held a meeting, October 1, 1827, " to see if they wiU
grant the orthodox party the privUege of drawing their propor
tionable part of the money already raised and not expended, for
such preaching as they shall choose, and also the use of the meet
ing-house their proportion of the time." The meeting was ad
journed to October 9, and was then dissolved, without any defi
nite action upon the subject.
At length, in 1827, the " orthodox party," embracing a major
ity of the church and holding the church records, seceded frora
the original parish and organized a separate society ; and thence
forth those who reraained were styled the Congregational Society,
embracing a minority of the church, and holding the church and
parish property, as legal representatives of the original organiza
tion. In what follows I shall notice the two divisions separately,
— the old society first, and the new society afterwards.
Congregational Society. In the official records, under
date of February, 1828, it is stated that " The minority withdrew
from said society, and formed a new religious society called The
First Calvinistic Society in Hardwick." To induce the seceders
to refrain from erecting a new meeting-house, and to return to
their old home, the Congregational Society made a proposition.
May 5, 1828, which certainly appears very generous, especially
when it is considered as an offering from a majority to a minor
ity : — " That the Calvinistic Society have the use of the meet
ing-house forty-six Sabbaths in a year, on condition their min
ister, Mr. Tupper, will exchange with Mr. Thorapson, of Barre,
Mr. Wilson, of Petershara, and Mr. Harding, of New Salem, as
with other rainisters, not less than once a year with each of
them'." This conciliatory offer was rejected by the Calvinistic
Society, as involving at least the countenancing of Unitarianism.
Thereupon the Congregational Society with a rainority of the
church, extended to Rev. John M. Merrick an invitation to be
come their pastor, and he was ordained August 27, 1828. On
the first day of November, 1829, " at a regular meeting of the
(jburch the foUowing resolution was passed : — Whereas, by the
secession of a part of this church from the Congregational Society,
the records and covenant of the church have passed into other
hands, and are not now to be had by us, we agree to offer the
following profession of faith to those who may present themselves

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 211
for admission into this church : — Impressed with a sense of duty,
you offer yourself for admission to this Christian church. You
regard this transaction as a profession of your belief in the one
only living and true God; as a testiraony of your faith in Jesus
Christ as the Son of God and the Saviour of the world ; and as
an acknowledgment of the sacred scriptures as containing a reve
lation from God to man and a perfect rule of faith and duty.
You design to commemorate the Author and Finisher of our
Faith in the way that he hath appointed, resolving, by the divine
favor, to live in obedience to the divine commandraents, and
hoping, through the mercy of God to obtain everlasting life. In
a humble and grateful reliance upon God for the pardon of sin
and for assistance in duty, you now enter upon the Christian pro
fession ; and you intend to walk with this church in Christian
ordinances and in the exercise of Christian affection." March 5,
1832, The society voted " to accede to the request of Rev. John
M. Merrick, that his pastoral relation to said Society shall be
dissolved." Mr. Merrick was subsequently for raany years pas
tor of the Unitarian Church in Walpole, Mass., and was also a
Senator in the General Court,-1857, 1858. On the first of April,
1869, he became pastor of the church in Charlestown, N. H.,
where he died March 20, 1871, aged nearly 67 years.
The successor of Mr. Merrick was Rev. John Goldsbury, who
" was born in Warwick, Mass., Feb. 11, 1795 ; fitted for college
at different schools, and academies, and under private instruc
tion ; graduated at Brown University in 1820 ; coramenced
the study of divinity at Harvard College in 1821, under Pro
fessors Ware, Norton, and WUlard ; taught in Taunton
Academy several years ; was ordained in North Bridgewater,
Wednesday June 6, 1827, where he remained tiU Sept. 4,
1831." 1 He was unanimously invited, June 11, 1832, to become
pastor of the Congregational Church and Society in Hardwick,
and was instaUed July 4, 1832. In connection with his parish
work, he estabUshed and instructed a High School. He labored
faithfully, both as pastor and teacher, untU June, 1839, when,
at his own request, he was disraissed, removed to Cambridge, and
was master of the High School there about five years. He after
wards returned to Warwick, where he stiU survives in a ripe old
age, honored and respected.
For nearly three years afterwards, the society had no settled
1 Kingman's Hist, of North Bridgewater, p. 48.

212 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
pastor, but hired occasional supplies. Their number had become
small, by the formation of other societies, and it was difficult to
pay a sufficient salary. At length an arrangement was made
with the UniversaUst Society (then worshipping in the Town
HaU, under the ministry of Rev. Rufus' S. Pope), to build a new
meeting-house, and unite their strength for the maintenance of
public worship. The details of this arrangement are entered on
the records of the Society. After other ineffectual negotiations,
it was voted May 17, 1841, " That this Society will proceed to
take down the old meeting-house, and will unite with the
Universalist Society in rebuilding a meeting-house on the same
ground. Voted, to choose a committee, to fix on terms of agree
ment between the Congregational and Universalist Societies, in
relation to the rebuilding of the meeting-house." May 24, 1841.
The coraraittee subraitted a report, recommending that the
raaterials of the old house, so far as practicable, might be used
in the construction of the new edifice, with certain reservations ;
and it was provided, that " The above recommendation take
effect when the Universalist Society shall agree, as an offset or
consideration for the use of the materials above specified, and
for the benefit they are to receive by the joint occupancy of the
spot on which the old raeeting-house now stands, that they, the
said Universalist Society, will furnish all the funds required to
pay the expense of taking down the old meeting-house, and also
funds to pay the owners of pews in said old meeting-house, the
sums at which the respective pews shall be appraised ; ^ and
said Universalist Society also agree that said Congregational
Society shall have the right to supply the desk in said new meet
ing-house, whenever it is not occupied by a minister procured
by said Universalist Society. And said Universalist Society are
further to agree that whenever the owners of pews in said new
meeting-house, or any of them, shall express a desire to have the
desk occupied a part of the time by a Unitarian preacher, such
pew-owners shaU be entitled to that privUege for such a portion
of the time as the original cost of their pews bears to the original
cost of the whole nuraber of pews in the house." This report
was accepted (aff. 17, neg. 10), and the agreement was confirmed
by both societies. To prevent any possible doubt concerning its
legaUty, a town-meeting was held June 15, 1841, " to see if the
town wUl permit the First Universalist Society in Hardwick to
erect a meeting-house on the site now occupied by the old meet-
1 The sum total of the appraisal was $817.88.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 213
ing-house, to be used as a union meeting-house by the Congrega
tional and UniversaUst Societies in such proportion of time as
said Societies shall agree." Permission was granted, by a vote of
92 aff., 44 neg.
No time was lost in carrying the foregoing agreeraent into
effect ; within twenty-four hours after permission was granted by
the town, the work was comraenced. On the parish records is
this memorandum,: "Note. The work of taking down the old
meeting-house was commenced June 16*, 1841." The new house
was erected with commendable dispatch, and was dedicated
January 25, 1842. It was by no means equal to the former edi
fice in size and general magnificence ; but sufficiently capacious to
accommodate the congregation which remained after the Calvin
istic Society was formed, together with the Universalists, who
had hitherto worshipped in the Town Hall, but had now taken
possession of the new house. Instead of claiming the use of the
house a portion of the time, for the employment of a " Unitarian
preacher," this society wisely preferred to make a temporary
union with the Universalists, and to employ one pastor for both
societies. They accordingly voted, April 4, 1842, that " preachers
should be obtained as far as practicable, for terras not less than
one year ; and that we coincide in the propriety and expediency
of endeavoring to retain the services of Rev. R. S. Pope for the
ensuing year." They also voted to add the amount of their sub
scriptions to the funds of the Universalist Society, provided that
the same should be repaid if the Congregational Society should
be obliged to furnish a preacher for the United Society.
Upon the removal of Mr. Pope, at the close of his engagement,
the Rev. Norwood Damon, a Unitarian preacher, was employed
as acting pastor. At a meeting, November 27, 1843, it appeared
that the Congregational Society had raised about $300, and yet
lacked about $200 of enough to pay " Mr. Damon for his services
one year." A communication from the clerk of the Universalist
Society was read, stating that after repaying to this society the
sum which it advanced last year, there reraained in their treasury
about f 140, which they would loan " to this Society, to be re
placed hereafter;" which offer was accepted. Mr. Damon re
mained here about two years, and was succeeded by Rev. Benton
Smith, a Universalist, who was ordained July 2, 1845. The two
societies acted together for a considerable length of time, as a
united body, though I have found no record of a formal union. I
do find, however, that this society voted, April 30, 1847, " that

214 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
the sum we pay for the supply of the desk be paid to the treas
urer of the Union Society for the present year ; " and a similar
vote was passed in 1848 and 1849. Mr. Smith remained pastor
until 1850, when he removed to Shirley Village, and afterwards
to South Reading, 1854 ; Chatham, 1859 ; and Waltham, 1865.
He was the State Missionary for several j^ears. In 1879 he re
moved to South Newmarket, N. H., but subsequently returned to
Waltham. For some years after the departure of Mr. Smith, the desk was
supplied by occasional preaching. A formal union of the two so
cieties seeraed necessary to their rautual prosperity. The Uni
versalists were raore numerous and had more financial strength
than the Unitarians ; but as the Congregational Society had cer
tain corporate rights which it was iraportant to preserve, the Uni
versalists allowed their own organization to sluraber, and became
members of the Congregational Society, which was thenceforth
substantially a Universalist Society, in fellowship with the State
Convention, though retaining the original name, and inheriting
the rights and immunities of the original parish. In November,
1855, Rev. George J. Sanger, who was ordained at Sippican,
September 8, 1847, and removed to Sandwich, 1849, and to
Gloucester, 1851, was invited to take charge of this society, which
invitation he accepted, and was installed May 7, 1856. His min
istry was very acceptable, and continued for eight years, except a
slight intermission in 1862, when he accepted a coraraission as
lieutenant in the array of the Union (which was afterwards ex
changed for another as chaplain), and offered a resignation of his
pastorate. At a meeting, September 25, 1862, it was voted,
" that the Society request Mr. Sanger to continue his connection
with this Society as their pastor ; and after leave of absence for
the term of nine months in his Country's service, hope that he
will be able to resume all the pastoral duties of said Society."
He performed his military duty, was taken prisoner at Galves
ton, and " endured hardness as a good soldier." He resumed his
labor after his return, but resigned June 1, 1864, and removed to
Webster ; he removed again, in 1869, to Danvers, where he stiU
resides, devoting a portion of his time to secular affairs.
The successor of Mr. Sanger was Rev. John Harvey Moore,
who was ordained at Warren May 23, 1844, removed to South
Reading, 1849 ; Concord, N. H., 1855 ; and returned to Warren,
1862. He commenced preaching here in 1864, continuing to re-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 215
side in Warren, where he preached in the afternoon, after sup
plying the desk here in the forenoon. This arrangement contin
ued until 1874, after which he ceased preaching in Hardwick, and
became pastor of the society in Webster. In 1878 he removed
to Newark, N. Y., where he now resides.
Rev. Henry Jewell was ordained at Salem, N. H., August 24,
1836, and removed to South Reading, 1838 ; Lynn, 1840 ; Cin
cinnati, O., 1847 ; Stoneham, 1852; Lynn again, 1855 ; Canton,
1858 ; Terre Haute, Ind., 1866 ; Manchester, Iowa, 1868; Rome,
N. Y., 1870 ; Bristol, N. Y., 1872. In 1875 he removed to
Hardwick, and remained pastor of this society until April 1,
1878, when he resigned, and removed to Maiden. In 1881 he re
moved to Merrimac, and became pastor of the society in that
town. Rev. Lucan S. Crosley of Waterloo, P. Q., graduated at the
St. Lawrence Theological School in 1874, and preached at Plain-
field, Vt., 1875, and Weymouth, 1876, 1877. He comraenced his
ministry here in September, 1878 ; was ordained November 13,
1879 ; resigned in Septeraber, 1880, and reraoved to Woodstock
Vt. The present pastor is Rev. Benjamin V. Stevenson, who was
ordained in Boston, June, 1844, and preached in Barre six years,
from April 1, 1844, to 1850 ; he was afterwards settled in Win
chester, N. H., 1850 ; at South Hinghara, 1851 ; at New Bed
ford, 1854 ; at Chicopee, eleven years, from 1857 ; at Shelburne
Falls, six years, from 1868 ; and at Southbridge, seven years,
from 1874. Having thus labored constantly for the long period
of thirty-eight years, he took charge of this ancient parish, in
connection with a society at Ware, April 1, 1882.
Calvinistic Society. A minority of the congregation, with
a large majority of the church, withdrew frora the original parish,
and on the 13th of November, 1827, organized the first " Calvin
istic Society in Hardwick." Rejecting an offer of a joint occu
pancy of the old meeting-house, although the " lion's share " was
tendered to them, they proceeded without delay to erect a new
house at the south end of the Common. The corner-stone was
laid in September, 1828, when an address was delivered by Rev.
Parsons Cooke of Ware, setting forth the reasons for separation
from the parent stock. A year afterwards, September 9, 1829,
the house was dedicated ; ^ and the sermon on that occasion, by
1 This meeting-house was taken down in 1860, and a more commodious edifice
erected on the same place.

216 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Rev. John Wilder, Jr., of Charlton, was devoted to a considera
tion of " the present prospects of evangelical religion," which was
thus defined : " The doctrine of the Triune Deity ; the doctrine
of the divine inspiration of the Sacred Scriptures ; the doctrine
of the entire native sinfulness of the huraan heart ; the doc
trine of redemption by the Blood of Christ ; the necessity of re
generation by the influences of the Holy Spirit, i. e., repentance
and faith in Christ in this life, essential to the obtaining of God's
favor ; the doctrine of the sovereign Purposes of God ; the doc
trine of the perseverance of the Saints unto eternal life ; and the
doctrine of an Endless Retributive State beyond the grave.
These are, sumraarily, the Evangelical Faith." Both this ser
mon and the previous address were published.
Before the erection of the meeting-house a unanimous invitation
was given to Rev. Martyn Tupper to become pastor of the church
and new society, which he accepted, and was ordained April 16,
1828.1 He was a diligent and zealous workman, and his labors
were rewarded by forty-six admissions to his church in 1831,
this being the last extraordinary harvest enjoyed by that body.
Soon after this religious awakening, the church was for some
reason induced to adopt a modified creed, or confession of faith,
which is here inserted : —
" The Confession of Faith and Covenant adopted by the Con
gregational Church 2 in this place, March 2«, 1832. (1.) We
believe that there is one God, the Creator and rightful disposer of
all things, existing as Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ; and that to
these three persons, as the one God, all divine perfections are to
be equally ascribed. (2.) We believe that the Bible was given
by inspiration of God, as the only unerring rule of faith and
practice. (3.) We believe that mankind are fallen from their
original rectitude, and are, while in a state of nature, wholly des
titute of that holiness which is required by the divine law.
(4.) We believe that Jesus Christ, the eternal Word, became
man, and by his obedience, sufferings and death, made an atone
raent for the sins of the worid. (5.) We beUeve that they, and
they only, will be saved, in consequence of the merits of Christ,
who repent of sin, and believe in him. (6.) We believe that,
although the invitations of the gospel are such that all, who will,
may corae and take of the water of life freely, yet the wickedness
1 A further notice of Mr. Tupper is in- majority of the members, they claimed to
serted at the close of his second pastorate be the " Congregational Church," the le-
'"'™- . . gitimate successors of the original found
^ Retaining the deacons, records, and a ers.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 217
of the human heart is such that none will come, unless dra,wn by
the special influences of the Holy Spirit. (7.) We believe that
the sacraments of the New Testaraent are Baptism and the Lord's
Supper, — Baptism to be administered only to believers and their
households, and the Supper only to believers in regular church
standing. (8.) We believe that God has appointed a day in
which he will judge the world, when there will be a resurrection
of the dead, and when the righteous will enter on eternal happi
ness, and the wicked will be sentenced to eternal misery." ^
The successor of Mr. Tupper, who resigned April 29, 1835,
was Rev. Edward J. Fuller, who was born at Plainfield, Conn.,
January 5, 1806, grad. at A. C. 1828, and at Andover 1831, was
ordained at Chelsea, January 11, 1832, and dismissed in 1835. He
was installed in Hardwick November 3, 1835, and dismissed
March 21, 1837. His ministry here was short and uneventful.
For the next three years I do not trace him distinctly ; but from
1840 to 1845, he was lecturer for the Western Anti-Slavery So
ciety. In 1845, repeated attacks of epilepsy corapelled him to
retire from active mental labor. He died of apoplexy at Brigh
ton, O., March 12, 1876. See " Obituary Record of Grad. of
Amherst CoUege," 1876.
Rev. William Eaton was the next pastor. He grad. at W. C.
1810, and at Andover 1813 ; was ordained at Fitchburg, August
30, 1815, and dismissed June 4, 1823 ; installed at Middlebor-
ough March 10, 1824, and dismissed AprU 10, 1834. He was
at Charlotte, Vt., about two years, after which he was installed
here September 6, 1837. The connection between pastor and
people seems to have been very pleasant ; but the failure of his
health compelled him to cease from his labors. He resigned
March 26, 1840, and before a council could assemble to dissolve
the connection, he died at West Brookfield, April 15, 1840, aged
56 years.
The successor of Mr. Eaton was Rev. Barnabas M. Fay, who
was born at Berlin, July 27, 1806, and grad. Y. C. 1833. He
was a professor in the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, New York city,
from 1833 to 1836 ; studied in the Union Theological Seminary,
1837 and 1838 ; was ordained in Hardwick May 20, 1840, and
was dismissed August 23, 1843; was a teacher in Durham,
Conn., 1843, 1844 ; pastor at WUmington, 1845 to 1850 ; profes-
1 Substantially the same confession is cessity of a change of heart, and that this
now in use by the church, with one addi- change is wrought by the Holy Spirit."
tional article: "We believe in the ne-

218 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
sor at the Blind Asylura, Indianapolis, Ind., 1850 to 1854 ; pro
fessor at the Deaf and Durab Asylum, FUnt, Mich., 1854 to
1864; a banker at Saginaw, Mich., 1864 to 1869; without
charge, Saratoga Springs, 1869 — . See " Gen. Catalogue Union
Theol. Sera. 1876."
Mr. Fay was succeeded by Rev. Asa Mann, who was born at
Randolph, Vt., AprU 9, 1816, grad. at A. C. 1838, and at Ando
ver, 1842. He was ordained in Hardwick June 19, 1844, and
resigned October 14, 1851 ; after which he was pastor at Exeter,
N. H., 1851 to 1858; stated supply at Wellfleet, 1862, at Gran-
viUe, 1863, at Springfield, Vt., 1864, 1865, and Bath, N. H.,
1866 ; pastor at Bath, 1867 to 1872 ; at Raynhara, 1873, 1874 ;
at CarUsle, 1875, 1876 ; stated supply at South Plyraouth, 1878,
1879, and at Hardwick again, 1880 to 1881.
Rev. Martyn Tupper, the successor of Mr. Mann, was born in
West Stafford, Conn., January 6, 1800, grad. Nassau Hall, 1826,
was ordained here April 16, 1828, and resigned April 29, 1835,
as before mentioned. He was next installed at East Long-
meadow in October, 1835, dismissed in September, 1849, soon
afterwards installed at Lanesboro, and disraissed May 19, 1852.
He was reinstalled in Hardwick June 23, 1852, and after a peace
ful ministry of more than eighteen years, resigned, September 1,
1870, and removed to Waverly, 111. His wife died there July
27, 1871. About a year afterwards Mr. Tupper conveyed her
remains to Hardwick, where two daughters had previously been
buried. Having accoraplished this pious task, he visited his
friends at West Stafford, where he sickened and died July 31,
1872, and was buried in his faraily lot in the new ceraetery.
Rev. Elbridge W. Merritt succeeded Mr. Tupper. He took
a partial course at Union College, and also at the Union Theo
logical Serainary (then in Connecticut, now in New York). He
was ordained in 1866, preached at Stafford, Conn., 1867, at
Charieston, S. C, 1868, at WiUiamsburg, 1869, 1870, and be
came a stated supply in Hardwick, October, 1870, acting pastor,
AprU 1871, and was installed as pastor June 5, 1873. He re
signed October 1, 1876, and after laboring for a time at the
West, returned and settled in Dana, supplying also a parish in
Petersham. Rev. Augustus C. Swain was ordained in 1873, preached at
Needham 1873, 1874, at West Warren 1875, and at Hardwick
from February, 1877 to July, 1879, when he removed to Hyde
Park. He was not installed here.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

219

The present pastor of the church is the Rev. Gilbert B. Rich
ardson, who graduated at A. C. 1853, and at the Bangor Theol.
Seminary, 1856. He was first settled in Douglass, Mass. ; after
wards at Bath, Me., from 1860 to 1874, and at Alstead, N. H.,
from 1874 to 1881. He commenced preaching here 17th July,
1881, and was installed 7th December, 1881.
Deacons.

Elected.

Held Office until

Age.

Christopher Paige . .

Dec. 3, 1736.

Resigned.

Apr. 13, 1749.

Joseph Alien 

Dec. 3, 1736.

Died.

Aug. 18, 1793.

84

Samuel Robinson . . .

Ap. 30, 1746.

Resigned.

Mar. 2, 1749.

Johu Cooper 
1749.
Removed.
1769.
William Paige 
Nov. 9, 1769.
Died.
Feb. 14, 1770.
66
John Bradish 
Ap. 28, 1774.
Removed.
1778.
Ebenezer Willis. . . .
May 12, 1785.
Died.
Feb. 5, 1813.
78
Nathaniel Paige . . .
Mav 12, 1785.
Removed.
About 1812.
Joseph Allen 
Aug. 16,1810.
Died.
Nov. 11, 1822.
73
James Paige 
Aug. 10, 1812.
Died.
Feb. 18, 1818.
70
Benjamin W. Childs .
Aug. 10, 1812.
Removed.
About 1819.
Henry Fish 
Ap. 18, 1819.
Resigned.
May 20, 1830.
Josiah C. Chandler . .
Ap. 18,1819.
Removed.
About 1816.
Elijah AmidoD ....
Mar. 10, 1824.
Removed.
About 1830.
Anson Winchester . .
Mar. 10, 1824.
Removed.
About 1830.
The portion of the church which remained with the Congre
gational Society, elected to the office of Deacon : —
Joseph Stone . .
Ichabod Dexter -
Elected.
Nov. 19, 1830.
Nov. 19, 1830
Died.Died.
Held Office until
June 27, 1849.
May 11,1851.
Age.
5976
The other branch of the church, in addition to Deacons Fish,
Amidon, and Winchester, elected : —
220

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Elected.

Held Office until

Age.

Mark Haskell 

May 20, 1830.

Resigned.

Mar. 5, 1841.

Jason Carpenter ....

Sep. 2, 1836.

Resigned.

Ap. 4, 1851.

Joseph Whipple . . .
Sep. 2, 1836.
Resigned.
Ap. 10, 1842.
Emery B. Foster . . .
Ap. 30, 1841.
Resigned.
About 1849.
Philander Chandler. .
Sep. 7, 1849.
Removed.
About 1864.
Reuben Tyler 
Sep. 7, 1849.
Died.
Nov. 21, 1859.
51
William A. Warner, Jr.
Dec. 31, 1864.
James N. Brown . . .
Dec. 31, 1864.
Resigned.
1878.
Charles L. Warner . .
Mar. 15, 1878.
Henry G. Towne ^ . .
Mar. 15, 1878.
Term expired.
1882.
Charles A. Wheeler .
Mar. 1881.
1 Agreeably to a recent arrangement, the deacons are elected for a limited term
of years.
CHAPTER XII.
ecclesiastical history.
Separate Church. — Reasons for Separation. — Early Separatists. — Cove
nant. — List of Members. — Removal to Bennington. — The Original Sepa
rate Church in Hardwick becomes the First Congregational Church in
Vermont. — Baptist Society. — Early Members. — Corporators. — Meet
ing-houses. — Pastors. — Deacons. — Universalist Society. — Petition for
Incorporation. — Corporators. — Pastors. — Deacons. — Amalgamation with
the Congregational Society. — Methodist Society. — Meeting-house. —
Trinitarian Congregational Church. — Munificent Benefactors. — Pastors.
— Deacons. — Meeting-house. — Catholic Church. — Meeting-house. —
Priest. Separate Church. About the year 1740 occurred what
was then called the "Great Awakening," which extended
throughout New England. It was occasioned, or at least greatly
encouraged, by the labors of the celebrated Rev. George White-
field.^ One of its results was the rending asunder of many
churches, those who seceded being styled " New Lights," and
afterwards " Separatists " or " Separates." Terras of obloquy
were freely interchanged between the two parties. The New
Lights were denounced as enthusiastic and unscrupulous disorgan-
izers, and they, in their turn, stigraatized the Old Lights, or
established churches, both clergy and laity, as cold, lifeless, and
dead, utterly unworthy the narae of Christians. One of their
preachers. Rev. Ebenezer Frothingham, of Weathersfield, Conn.,
published a Discourse, in 1750, entitled, " The Articles of Faith
and Practice, -with the Covenant, that is confessed by the Separate
Churches of Christ in general in this Land. Also a Discourse,
holding forth the great privileges of the Church of Jesus Christ,
^1 Rev. Dr. Wigglesworth, in his Dis- who followed him in this uninstituted and
courses, November 12 and 19, 1754, very disorderly and pernicious practice,
" after the Rev. Mr. Whitefield's preach- twelve or thirteen years ago, we may
ing at Cambridge," in regard to itinerant ascribe all the separations from our
preachers and laymen " thrusting them- churches, and most if not all the en-
selves into other men's labors," says, thusiasm, error, contention, and confu-
" To the encouragement given to the sion, with which we have been perplexed
same person (Mr. Whitefield) and those ever since." P. 34.

222 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
and the same privileges vindicated from the Sacred Scriptures ;
and some points of practice in the Church of Christ, that are in
great dispute between the learned and unlearned, fairly settled
in a Une of Divine Truth. — Written by Ebenezer Frothing-
hara." In this Discourse the author devotes one chapter " to
answer some objections that is raade against the present great
and misterious work that God is a doing in New England." He
mentions seven objections, which probably embody the most
material : — " We cannot think that this is a good work in
the land, or a work of God's Spirit, that inclines persons to
separate and rend away from the churches of Christ that are
established by the laws of this colony and land, and to leave the
house of God, and set up a worship contrary to the gospel, as
has been tbe practice of some of late in the land." pp. 338, 339.
" We cannot believe that this is a work of God in the land,
which the Separates hold to be God's work, because none of our
learned and good ministers own it. They say it is delusions and
a false religion." p. 344. " We cannot believe that the Sepa
rates are right ; for God is a God of Order, and their practice is
Disorder and Confusion. When they separate from us, they go
off, one by one, and do not unite in a body, and then get a
regular dismission ; but they rend away, some at one time, and
sorae at another. And when there are a nuraber that is suffi
cient for to set up public worship, then they are all of them
preachers, women as well as raen ; and this we know is contrary
to the wiU of God." pp. 352, 353. " We cannot think that this
present work is of God, which the Separates hold to be of God,
for it raakes divisions and disorders, and breaks the peace of
churches and farailies ; therefore it cannot be a work of God, for
Christ's Kingdom is a peaceful Kingdom ; and the promoters of
this work are censorious, judging persons, who speak evil of our
ministers and rulers, which is contrary to the word of God." p.
363. " We don't believe that the Separates are right, or that
God is with them, because that there are such divisions and jars
amongst theraselves ; for if God is with them, surely they would
be agreed and have fellowship together, as they profess the saints
of God have in a high degree ; but they are contending one with
another, as is manifest to all; and that religion and power
amongst them, which they caU the power of God, is a false re
ligion, nothing but a mere noise and an empty sound." pp. 373,
374. " Notwithstanding aU that the Separates pretend to, we
think that they are them false prophets that Christ speaks of in

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 223
the 24 of Matt. — ' that if it were possible they shall deceive the
very elect.' " p. 392. " Notwithstanding aU that the Separates
say, or preach, or write, yet they do not convince us that they
are right, or that God is with them ; and surely if God was with
them, as they contend, they would be able to convince us, either
by scripture, or sound reason, or they would be able to work a
miracle, to show some undeniable sign, that we might believe."
p. 398.
To each of these objections Mr. Frothingham makes a formal
reply ; of which the first may serve as a fair specimen. He de
nies that the established churches frora which so many had sepa
rated were true churches of Christ for the folio wins reasons :
" The Churches that we have separated from generally hold that
external morality is the door into the church, and that the Lord's
Supper is a converting ordinance ; or that all have a right to join
with the church, that will raake an outward public profession of
Christianity, although they be unconverted." p. 340. " In the
churches that we have left, there are raany that are hardened and
believe not, but speak evil of the ways, work, and power of God,
and are awful raockers at the Spirit of God and the saints that
are under the influence of the sarae Spirit ; and these persons are
indulged in the churches ; therefore we have a just right and
warrant in the word of God to separate from thera. Acts xix-
9." p. 341. " Again, the Churches that we have left, have dwin
dled away into a dead, dry, lifeless forra of godliness, and have
denyed the power and life of godliness, and from such we are to
turn away. See 2 Timo. iii. 5." pp. 341, 342. " Again, the
Churches that we have left, are stuffed full of hypocrites or dis
semblers ; for they professedly take in the unconverted, and when
they are in the church, they profess theraselves saints, and are
counted and treated as such ; which is manifest hypocrisy in the
sight of God and his saints." p. 342. This language manifests
the same spirit which was exhibited by Whitefield, as quoted by
Dr. Wigglesworth, iu his Discourses heretofore referred to : One
" unretracted error of Mr. Whitefield " is " what we find in his
Journal when at Boston, in the year 1740, Thursday October 9*^
where, after he hath told us ' that he saw a great nuraber of rain
isters sitting around and before hira, and that the Lord enabled
him to open his mouth boldly against unconverted ministers ; for
he was verily persuaded the generality of ministers talk of an un
known and unfelt Christ,' he adds, ' and the reason why congrega
tions have been so dead is because they have had dead men preach-

224 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
ing to them.' ... I believe many a stupid sinner hath read with
secret pleasure, and thanked him in his heart, for thus transfer
ring the blame to his minister, and so far excusing him for his un
profitableness under the sound preaching of the gospel of Christ."
p. 32.
One more specimen may be pardoned, in which the author
manifests some keenness of thought, though expressed in his cus
tomary uncouth style. In reference to the third objection, he
says, " The fourth and last thing held forth in the objection is,
Woraen's speaking in the Church, 1 Cor. xiv. 34, 35. This text
no ways forbideth a woman's speaking, or breathing forth the ar
dent desire of her soul after God ; and when she is placed at
Christ's feet with Mary, Luke x. 39, in true humility and brok-
enness of soul by faith, beholding the divine excellencies and glo
ries of the Godhead shining forth in that spotless and innocent
Larab of God. When the case is thus with any woman or child,
they have a just right from Christ, who gives them these discov
eries, when sweetly constrained thereto by the Spirit of God, to
speak openly in the Church of the beauties and excellencies they
see in their beloved ; Cant. iii. 4, 5 ; and chap. v. 10, 16. But to
take the scripture aforementioned in this sense, — that a woman
shall not speak at all in a public assembly, — will contradict the
exaraples of the foUowing scriptures : Luke xi. 27, 28. ' And it
carae to pass as he spake these things, a certain woman of the
company lift up her voice and said unto hira. Blessed is the wOmb
that bare thee, and the paps which thou hast sucked. But he
said. Yea, rather blessed are they which hear the word of God
and keep it.' Here is an example one would think sufficient to
stop the mouths of all creatures who oppose a woman's speaking
in a public assembly, in a proper season ; for if a woman ever
ought to be silent in a public assembly, surely it should be when
the Son of God was personally a preaching with his own blessed
mouth ; but yet at this very tirae ' a certain woraan of the cora
pany lift up her voice,' &c. No doubt but the carping Pharisees,
who love a sraooth form of worship, were highly offended at this
woman's speaking and especially because she lifted up her voice so
loud, and broke in upon Christ in his discourse, like a disorderly
woman ; and had it been so that them Pharisee hearers, who stood
much for an even form, had been acquainted with Paul's Epistles
(which were not then written), no doubt they would have (as our
Pharisees do now), pick out them texts that say a woman shall
not speak in the church (not considering what speaking Paul had

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 225
reference to), and so accused her therewith, and have told her that
she had broken the commands of God, and gone contrary to his
word, &c. But let us consider, — Doth Christ, who is the great
Head of the Church, say, Woman, be silent, and not disturb the
public worship of God, by speaking with such a loud voice whilst
I am a preaching ; you are disorderly ; you have broken the
commands of God and the civil law : Constable, take her out of
the assembly, and let her be fined, or cast into prison, 'till she is
more regular, and learns not to disturb the public worship ? Was
this Christ's reply to the woraan ? Surely no ! but the contrary.
Christ shows his approbation of her speaking by taking an occa
sion further to teach her and all the assembly, from what she
said, that true blessedness did not lie merely in being in huraan
relation to him, but rather in being united to his divinity by a di-
-vine principle of grace implanted in the soul, which will lead a
person both to hear the word of God and keep it." pp. 357-360.
Other scriptures are then quoted to the sarae effect.
The first notiae found on record concerning this separate
movement in Hardwick is under date of July 25, 1749, when it
was " Voted, that the church make choice of, and send to the
Rev. Mr. Edwards, Hall, and Eaton, to come and give their
advice about the dissatisfied brethren in our church, viz., Samuel
Robinson, James Fay, Benjainin Harwood, Silas Pratt, and
George Abbott, jr., whether they will advise the church to dis
miss them, or proceed to censure them as irregular, disorderly
members : — which council also came and gave their advice,
as may be seen under their hands." " Sept. 20, 1749. At a
church meeting in Hardwick, voted, that the church coraply and
fall in with the advice that the Rev. council gave. Silas Pratt,
one of the dissatisfied brethren, coraplied with the council's
advice. Jaraes Fay, Benjamin Harwood, and John Roberts i de
clared their non-compliance." At a later period, December 18,
1751, Silas Pratt and Jacob Abbott ^ were called to account ; and
February 4, 1752, it was " voted, that the reasons that George
Abbott and SUas Pratt gave for their absenting themselves
frora the public worship of God at the meeting-house in Hard
wick are not sufficient to justify their conduct. Voted, that
1 John Roberts was not before named as ^ From what follows, it seems probable
one of the " dissatisfied brethren" ; but that this name should be George Abbott.
he was amqng the most prominent ; and Similar mistakes are not unfrequent in
Samuel Robinson, who was named, is Mr. White's records.
here omitted from the list. 15

226 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
George Abbott and Silas Pratt be suspended from the sacrament
of the Lord's Supper until they acknowledge their fault and
amend." Again : " At a church meeting in Hardwick, Nov. 14,
1753, voted that Experience Johnson, Ichabod Stratton, Ezekiel
Pratt, EUsha Higgins and his wife, and OUver Rice, be called
to give the reasons why they absent themselves from the sacra
ment of the Lord's Supper in this place, and that Edward AUen
be also called to give his reasons why he refuses to partake of the
Lord's Supper in any church whatever." Also, " that a com
mittee be chosen to meet with the members that have separated
from this church, and to propose sorae reconciling methods to
thera : Deacon AUen, Deacon Cooper, Lieut. Mirick, John Brad
ish, Ichabod Stratton, Jr., and Benjarain Whipple, were chosen
for this committee." The result of this labor does not appear
on record, except that, March 3, 1757, Experience Johnson was
" censured by the church for his absenting himself from the
sacrament of the Lord's Supper for several years ; " and. May
26, 1763, " Ichabod Stratton confessed his fault in separating
frora the Church of Christ in Hardwick, was forgiven by the
church, and admitted to former privileges." ^
Meanwhile, the Separates had organized a church, and had
probably erected a meeting-house on the northwest corner of
the " ten acres " devoted to a public use, which was subsequently
confirraed to them by the proprietors. The original Covenant
is still in existence, and was manifestly written by an uneducated
scribe, of which the following is a literal copy, made in 1877, the
spelling and punctuation only being revised :
" The Covenant.
"We whose names are under written, apprehending ourselves
called of God into church state of the gospel, do first of all con
fess ourselves unworthy to be so highly favored of the Lord, and
admire that rich and full grace of his, which triumphs over so
great unworthiness ; and then, with a humble reUance on the
1 The only action of the town in regard gether for religious worship by them-
to the Separates, which I find, is under selves, and are generally called Separates
date of May 9, 1754, and May 16, 1757; after considering the matter respecting
at the first date, when met " to see if the freeing the Separates, as expressed in the
town wiU release a number of the in- last article in the warrant, it being put to
habitants of the town from paying to- vote, it passed in the negative." The
wards the support of the settled minister second trial had a similar result.
in said town, who assemble aad meet to-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 227
aids of grace therein promised for them, in a sense of their in
ability to do any good thing, do humbly wait on him for all ; and
we now thankfully lay hold on his covenant, and would choose
the things that please him.
" We declare our serious belief of the Christian Religion, as
contained in the Sacred Scriptures, and with such a view thereof
as the Confession of Faith and Rule of DiscipUne in Cambridge
Platform has exhibited, — heartily resolving to conform our Uves
unto the rules of that holy religion as long as we live in the
world. We give ourselves unto the Lord Jehovah, who is the
Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, and avouch him this
day to be our God, our Father, our Saviour, and our Leader ;
and receive him as our portion forever. We give up ourselves
unto the blessed Jesus, who is the Lord Jehovah, and adhere to
him as the head of his people in the covenant of grace, and
rely on him as our Priest, and our Prophet, and our King, to
bring us unto eternal blessedness. We acknowledge our everlast
ing and indispensable obligation to glorify our God in all the
duties of a godly, a sober, and a righteous life, and very par
ticularly in the duties of a church state, and a body of people
associated together for an obedience to him in all the ordinances
of the gospel ; and we herein depend upon his gracious assistance
for our faithful discharge of the duties thus incumbent on us.
We desire, and intend (with dependence upon his powerful
grace), we engage to walk together as a church of the Lord
Jesus Christ, in the faith and order of the gospel, so far as we
shall have the same revealed to us, conscientiously attending the
public worship of God, the sacraments of his New Testament,
the discipline of his kingdom, and all his holy institutions, in
communion with one another, and watchfully avoiding all sinful
stumbling-blocks and contention, as become a people whom the
Lord hath bound up together in the bundle of life. At the same
time also we do present our offspring with us to the Lord,
purposing with his help to do our parts in the methods of a
religious education, that they may be the Lord's. And all this we
do, flying to the blood of the everlasting covenant for the pardon
of our many errors, and praying that the glorious Lord, who is
the great Shepherd, would prepare and strengthen us for every
good work, to do his will, working in us that which will be
well pleasing : — to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen."
This original covenant was written on the first page of a folio
sheet of paper, which is still preserved by the First Church in

228

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Bennington, Vt. On the
arranged in two columns,
John Roberts,^
Samuel Robinson,''
James Fay,^
Benjamin Harwood,^
George Abbott,^
Jacob Fisk,^
George Abbott, .Jr.,'^
Jedediah Rice,^
James Breckenridge,^
Oliver Rice,-'
James Fay, Jr.,^
David Doane,'
John Fassett,'
Daniel Fay,^
Ichabod Stratton, Jr.,'
William Breckenridge,*
Benjamin Whipple,'
Eleazar Harwood,^
Samuel Pratt.^

second page the earliest signatures are
as follows : — Rebekah Abbott,
Lydia Fay,
Marcy Robinson,
Baty Pratt,
Bridget Harwood,
Elizabeth Roberts,
Elizabeth Fisk,
Elizabeth Pratt,
Peace Atwood,
Prudence Whipple,
Martha Abbott,
Mehitable Fay,
Hannah Rice,
Elizabeth Fay,
Marcy Newton,
Hepzibah Whipple.

Jonathan Scott,
Elisha Field,
Samuel Montague,
Elizabeth Scott,
Experience Richardson.

Joseph Safford,
Ann SafEord,
Stephen Story,
Bethia Burnham,
Eleanor Smith.
Aaron Leonard,
John Wood,
Zachariah Harwood,
Philippa Wood,
Margit Harwood.

This Separate Church was organized in Hardwick about the
year 1750.^ Its deacons were Samuel Robinson and James Fay ;
perhaps, also, John Fassett. There is no known evidence that it
ever had a settled pastor while it, remained here.^ So many of

1 Removed to Bennington, Vt., in or
about 1761.
2 Did not reraove to Bennington.
* The Breckenridges were of Ware.
James removed to Bennington, but Wil
liam remained at Ware.
* Probably reraoved to Amherst about
1756, and thence to Bennington in 1761.
6 It must have been formed as early as
1750, for one of its members, Mrs. Eliza

beth Roberts, died before the end of that
year. ^ There was a tradition, haU a century
ago, that the church had a pastor, whose
name was Roberts. Perhaps it had this
foundation : Mr. John Roberts whose
name heads the list of subscribers to the
Covenant, may have ordinarily oflBciated
as a lay-preacher, or exhorter, which
would account for his taking precedence
of Samuel Robinson in the list.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 229
its members removed to Bennington in 1761, that the Church, as
an organized body, together with its covenant and records, was
transferred to that town. It formed a union, Deceraber 3, 1762,
with a much smaller representation of a siinilar Church which had
removed from Sunderland to Bennington, and on the sarae day
adraitted five persons who had formerly been raerabers of a Sepa
rate Church in Newint (a parish in Norwich), Conn., and thus
was organized the First Church in the territory now erabraced in
the State of Verraont.
The particular method of this union of churches is recited by
Rev. Isaac Jennings, the present pastor of the united church, in
his " Memorials of a Century," pp. 31-33. That the covenant un
der which the union was consummated was not originally pre
pared for that occasion, but was the old covenant adopted at
Hardwick about twelve years previously, and already bearing
thirty-five signatures, is manifest for several reasons: (1.) The
only reference to a covenant to be found in the articles of union
is this: "It is agreed upon and voted by the Church of Christ
in Bennington, that they make an exception in the fourth para
graph in the eleventh chapter in Carabridge Platform, in respect
of using the civil law to support the gospel ; and also the ninth
paragraph in the seventeenth chapter, in respect of the civil mag
istrate's coercive power." The Hardwick covenant accepted the
Cambridge Platform without qualification. In renewing or re-
adopting that, it was natural to make exceptions, if desirable ;
but altogether unnatural to make such exceptions to the provi
sions of a new covenant at that time prepared as a basis of eccle
siastical union. (2.) Of the first thirty-five signatures to this
covenant, all are recognized as Hardwick names except the two
Breckenridges, who resided in the adjoining town of Ware; but
there is sufficient evidence on tbe town records, that four of
them, to wit. Deacon James Fay and his sons James Jr. and
Daniel, and WUliam Breckenridge, never removed to Benning
ton. (3.) Another reason is of itself conclusive: The signa
tures of the first nineteen males are autographs ; but at least
three of them had deceased before the union of the churches ;
namely, Dr. Jedediah Rice, who died at Hardwick AprU 4, 1756 ;
Benjarain Harwood, who reraoved to Araherst and died August
19, 1758 ; and George Abbott, Jr., who had died, and the inven
tory of his estate was rendered August 16, 1761. Also, of the
sixteen females whose names stand first in the second column,
three had died, and three had changed their names by marriage,

230 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
before the date of the union ; naraely, Elizabeth, wife of John
Roberts, who died Noveraber 4, 1750 ; EUzabeth Fay, who died
Noveraber 24, 1756 ; and Lydia, wife of Deacon James Fay, who,
died before September 13, 1760, when he was published to his
second wife ; Betty Pratt, who married Elisha Field of Sunder
land, January 11, 1753 ; Prudence Whipple, who was published
to Deacon James Fay, September 13, 1760 ; and Mehitable Fay,
who raarried Benjamin Rogers September 10, 1760. There can
be no possible doubt that all these naraes were subscribed to the
covenant before the union was formed December 3, 1762 ; after
which new names were added to the list of subscribers on the
same paper. The signatures to the covenant may with perfect
confidence be classed thus : the names in both columns, above the
first cross lines, indicate the members of the Hardwick church;
those below the line in the first coluran, the members of the Sun
derland church ; those between the cross lines in the second col
umn, the Newint members admitted at the tirae of the union ;
and those below the second cross line, the new members after
wards adraitted. The conclusion of the whole matter is, that
this ancient document, providentially preserved, furnishes incon
testable evidence that the Separate Church, formed in Hardwick
about 1750, together with the associates admitted December 3,
1762, became not only the first Congregational Church in Ben
nington, but also the first Congregational Church. in the State of
Vermont, retaining its original Covenant, with a single modifica
tion. Baptist Society. The earliest notice of Baptists in Hard
wick, which I have seen, is under date of March 31, 1777, when
Ephraim Pratt, Ebenezer Lawrence, Abiathar Babbitt, William
Perkins, Nathaniel Haskell, Jeremiah Sibley, Ephraim Cleve
land, Jr., and Zebadiah Johnson, were so named, and their tax for
the support of the rainistry was remitted. In the Hardwick Ar
chives is preserved a certificate, to wit : « The names of those that
formed a Baptist Society in the southwest part of Hardwick:
Moses Winchester, Seth Tucker, Jeremiah Hathaway, Joshua
Tucker, David Elwell, Samuel Bowen, Henry Higgins, Seth
Willis, Samuel L. Robinson, Aaron Chamberlin, Jesse Snow,
ApoUos Snow. — Apollos Snow, Clerk. Hardwick, April 12,
1799." It is observable that this list does not contain a single
narae which was mentioned twenty-two years eariier, and when
the society was legaUy incorporated seventeen years later, Febru-

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 231
ary 3, 1816,i another almost total change appears : David Elwell
and Seth WiUis being the only names which occur in either of
the former lists. Before its incorporation, this society erected a
meeting-house in 1801. In 1832, a new and commodious edifice
was constructed ; but this was sold to Mr. Daniel S. Collins, and
converted into a barn, in 1846, when the society established its
place of worship at Ware. The society was organized November
16, 1797. The church in connection with it was instituted Sep
tember 16, 1801. The first pastor was Rev. Ebenezer Burt, who
was ordained June 20, 1798. After a faithful and devoted min
istry of nearly thirty years, he was dismissed Noveraber 19, 1827.^
He subsequently resided several years in Ware, and then reraoved
to Athol, where he died November 25, 1861, aged nearly 96. He
continued to preach, occasionally, until extreme old age disabled
him. The successor of Mr. Burt was Rev. Joseph Glazier, who was
installed August 2, 1831. From the number gathered by him
into the church,^ his ministry seems to have been successful ; but
it continued somewhat less than four years, and ended in April
1835. Rev. Nelson B. Jones became pastor of this church in May,
1837, and sustained that office about two years. I have not been
able to trace his subsequent pastoral labors ; but in 1881 he was
1 The corporators were John Raymond, Lydia (Tippen) Burt, who were among
Elisha Sturtevant, Seth WiUis, Enos the early inhabitants of Norton. When
Newland, Masa Newland, Benjamin Ri- fourteen years old he joined the old Bap-
der, Timothy Hathaway, John Croff, tist church, i^ug. 29, 1794, he was li-
Lemuel Wheeler, David Elwell, Judah Si- censed to preach by the Baptist church of
monds, Judah Marsh, Gamaliel Collins, Dighton, and preached in this vicinity till
Asa Sturtevant, John Wetherell, Jere- Nov. 2, 1796, when he removed to Hard-
miah Newland, Daniel Barrows, Aquilla wick, and gathered a society in the south-
Collins, Jonah Collins, Cary Howard, west part of- that town, where he was or-
Jeremiah Campbell, Jeremiah Campbell, dained as an evangelist (standing upon a
Jr., Lemuel Gilbert, Aaron Marsh, Zenas great rock), June 20, 1797. A church was
Marsh, Cary Howard, Jr., Isaac Barlow, organized in 1806, and he was installed
Mass. Spec. Laws, v. 87. the pastor, which position he held till
2 Some of these facts and dates were November, 1846, when he preached his
comraunicated to me iul838, byRev. Nel- half-century Sermon." He may have
son B. Jones, then pastor of the church, preached such a serraon ; but he certainly
and are presuraed to be correct. A sorae- was dismissed long before that date, and
what different account is found in Clark's had had at least two successors.
History of Norton, p. 503, which I insert ' The whole number of baptisms in this
on account of some details: Ebenezer church, up to November, 1838, was 214:
Burt, "born Mar. 9, 1766, was the son of viz., by Mr. Burt, 134; by Mr. Glazier,
Deacon Ebenezer and AbigaU (Bassett), 42 ; by Mr. Jones, 7 ; by other persons,
grandson of Ebenezer and Naomi (Camp- 31.
bell), and great-grandson of Ebenezer and

232 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
residing in Prescott, without official charge, but continuing to
preach as opportunity offered.
After the dismission of Mr. Jones, the pulpit was suppUed one
year by Rev. WilUam Brown. About 1840, Rev. Joseph Glazier
was recaUed, and reraained pastor of the church untU AprU 1,
1846, when he resigned, and the place of pubUc worship was
transferred to Ware. He was not again settled in the rainistry,
but resided in Ware untU his death, which occurred September
1, 1860.
The deacons of this church, whUe it remained in Hardwick,
were as follows : —
Daniel Lamson, elected 1801, dismissed 1806.
Seth Willis, elected 1801, dismissed 1811.
Benjamin Rider, elected 1806, dismissed 1814.
Eseck Brown, elected 1811, dismissed 1812.
Enos Newland, elected 1812, dismissed 1814.
Henry Higgins, elected 1817, dismissed 1833.
Joseph Metcalf, elected 1817, dismissed 1829.
John Pepper, elected 1829.
John Chamberlain, elected 1833.
Universalist Society. At a quite early date there were in
Hardwick several believers in tbe doctrine of Universal Salvation.
Before 1790, Rev. Caleb Rich, Rev. Zephaniah Lathe, and per
haps other itinerant ministers, had preached here, in private
houses or elsewhere, as opportunity offered. In 1796, Rev. Hosea
Ballou was engaged to preach, once a month, in that section of
the town which was afterwards incorporated as a part of Dana.
He resided there, doing the manifold work of a pastor at home,
and of an itinerant or missionary abroad, until February, 1803,
when he reraoved to Barnard, Vt.^ He afterwards reraoved to
Portsmouth, N. H., in 1809, to Salem in 1815, and to Boston in
1817, where he died June 7, 1852, aged 81, having accomplished
a work such as has been allotted to few mortals. He was one of
the most remarkable raen of this age. He has been not inaptly
described as " an uneducated raan, but a born theologian, a man
endowed with the simplicity of a child and the intellect of a
1 During Mr. Ballou's ministry, the Gen- Haskell, George Paige, Robert Dean, Seth
eral Convention of Universalists held its Dean, Elijah Aiken, Soloraon Aiken, Jr.,
annual session here in September, 1798. Aaron Fay, Eliakim Pay, and Moses
On his removal to Barnard, he found Fay. They may have been instrumental
araong his hearers several Hardwick emi- in his removal, having heard him preach
grants, such as Nathaniel Haskell, Prince when visiting their friends in Hardwick.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 233
giant." His biography, in four volumes, by his friend and disci
ple. Rev. Thomas Whittemore, was pubUshed not long after his
decease. Before Mr. Ballou removed to Barnard, the town of Dana was
incorporated, including within its liraits that portion of Hard
wick in which he and many of his hearers resided. Those who
dwelt in the present town of Hardwick did not, for several
years, organize a legal society, or maintain constant preaching.
Some continued to worship at Dana, where Rev. Joshua Flagg ^
had succeeded Mr. Ballou ; and others employed such other
preachers as could be had, generally meeting in the hall of the
Ruggles Hotel until the Town House was erected. Among those
who thus occasionally ministered at the altar, the most prominent
in all respects was the Rev. John Bisbe, who was born at Plymp
ton, grad. B. U. 1814, studied law for a considerable time with
Hon. Marcus Morton, then prepared for the ministry, and was
ordained at Brookfield, November 14, 1821. From Brookfield
he removed to Hartford, Conn., where he was installed August
19, 1824, and thence to Portland, Me., was installed there in
August, 1827, and died March 8, 1828, at the early age of 36
years. He was regarded as a remarkably eloquent and powerful
preacher, and as an exemplary Christian. During his residence
in Brookfield he preached frequently in Hardwick ; and under
his influence, as it would seem, a petition for the incorporation
of a Universalist Society was presented to the General Court,
which was granted June 12, 1824.^ A copy of the petition re
mains on flle in the Town Archives, sufficiently characteristic to
justify its insertion : —
" To the Hon. the Senate, and the Hon. House of Representa-
1 Mr. Flagg was settled in several towns won general regard, and the clergy of his
in the course of his long life ; but I am town generaUy attended his funeral and
not able to construct an accurate list, paid due tribute of respect to his mem-
His decease was mentioned in the Uni- ory."
versalist Register for 1861, then edited by '' Mass. Spec. Laws, vi. 215. The cor-
Rev. Aaron B. Grosh, with an appre- porators were Daniel Ruggles, Constant
dative obituary : " Rev. Joshua Flagg Ruggles, Ezra Ruggles, Samuel Weston,
died in Dana, Nov. 10, 1859, aged 86 Ira Ruggles, Sarauel Granger, Gardner
years, 6 months, and 20 days, — after a Ruggles, Anson Ruggles, Franklin Rug-
ministry of more than sixty years, and gles, Crighton Ruggles, Moses Man-
the oldest Universalist minister in the deU, Ebenezer Cobb, Simeon Crosby,
State. Though of rude vigor and con- Daniel B. Hinkley, Nathan Perry, James
troversial spirit in his early days, when Sturtevant, William P. Jordan, Seth
persecution and violent opposition were Hinkley, Stephen W. Paige, Ebenezer
met on every side, yet his devotional Perry, and Noah Beach.
spirit and earnest sincerity in later years

234 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
tives in General Court assembled. The petition of the sub
scribers, inhabitants of the town of Hardwick, humbly sheweth :
That we, being deeply irapressed with a sense of the duty as
well as the privilege of worshipping the Suprerae Being agreeable
to the dictates of conscience, and as we believe in the restitution
of all things spoken of by the mouth of all God's holy prophets
since the world began, and that God will have all men to be
saved and come to the knowledge of the truth, and believing
that the knowledge of this truth will have the most powerful in
fluence to produce order, morality, and rational happiness, and
as faith comes by hearing, and as we cannot hear without a
preacher, — the prayer of your petitioners therefore is that we,
together with others that raay join us, raay be incorporated into
a society by the name of the First Universalist Society in the
Town of Hardwick, in order that we may be enabled to com
mand our own resources for the purpose of procuring and sup
porting a preacher of this great and common salvation, and other
necessary concerns of said Society. And your petitioners, as in
duty bound, will ever pray."
Little use of the act of incorporation seems to have been
made for several years. Occasional preaching ^ was had from
time to time, but regular services were not established until
1837, when Rev. John Pierce, a young man who had recently
entered the ministry, was employed, and was ordained Septem
ber 27, 1837. He remained here about a year ; and subsequently
preached in Dana and Lunenburg in 1838, and in Lunenburg
and Shirley Village, 1839, during which year he also gathered a
society in Townsend. " In the spring of 1840, he engaged to
labor with the two societies in Lunenburg and Townsend." But
he was soon prostrated by disease of the lungs, and died at
Lunenburg, his native place, August 31, 1840, at the imraature
age of 26 years. He was a young raan of fair mental endow
ment, and of great earnestness and zeal. His interest in the
cause which he had espoused was manifested by the legacy of all
his earthly possessions to the society in Lunenburg, the income
to be devoted to the maintenance of religious worship, on con
dition that the society should raise a prescribed amount annually,
for the same purpose. ^
The successor of Mr. Pierce was Rev. Gilman Noyes, who was
1 One of the occasional preachers was 2 Memoir of Rev. John Pierce, pp. 39,
Rev. John H. Willis, who labored faith- 68.
fully in many fields, and died on CoUege
HiU, October 9, 1877, aged 70 years.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 235
born at Atkinson, N. H., in 1804, and grad. D. C. 1830. He
was settled at Chariton in June, 1831, having charge also of the
parish in Brookfield. He reraoved to Spencer in 1838, and
thence to Hyannis in 1839. While residing in Spencer, he
preached in Hardwick regularly once a month. About 1843 he
removed to Brimfield, where he devoted a portion of his time
to agricultural pursuits, and where he died October 18, 1863,
aged 59.
Rev. Rufus S. Pope, born in Stoughton, April 2, 1809, was
ordained during the session of the Boston Association at
Gloucester, December 4, 1833. He had comraenced preaching
in the previous August, at South Dedham (now Norwood),
where he remained three years, dividing his services a portion of
the tirae between that parish and Milford. In 1836 he removed
to Sterling, and had charge of that parish until April, 1840,
when he came to Hardwick. While here, his ministry was very
successful. A church of twenty-seven merabers was organized.
A new meeting-house was erected, under an arrangement with
the Congregational Society, in 1841, and for the next year the
two societies united in one congregation. In April, 1843, he re
moved to Hyannis, where he died June 5, 1882. He was a rep
resentative in the General Court, in 1855 ; register of probate
in Barnstable County, from 1855 to 1857 ; and postmaster in
Hyannis from 1862 to 1870.
The subsequent history of the Universalist Society, embracing
its substantial consolidation with the Congregational Society, and
its succession of pastors, — Rev. Messrs. Smith, Sanger, Moore,
Jewell, Crosley, and Stevenson, — has already been narrated,
and need not be repeated. The deacons elected by the Uni
versalist Church, at its organization December 24, 1842, were :
Constant Euggles, died April 28, 1846, aged 79.
Joseph Burgess, died July 20, 1879, aged 79.
Constant Southworth, died December 5, 1877, aged 63.
Methodist Society. Many years ago a Methodist Society
was organized at the Furnace Village, and erected a neat and
commodious meeting-house on the west side of Moose Brook
about the year 1845. Though not lacking in zeal, it was never
strong in membership and wealth. It has generally been classed
with Barre by the Conference, the same preacher having charge
of both societies. I would be glad to record the names of the
several preachers from the beginning, but all my efforts to ob-

236 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
tain an accurate list have been unavaiUng. And equally unsuc
cessful have I been in seeking frora both preachers and laymen
such information as would enable me to give a satisfactory ac
count of the fortunes of this society, whether prosperous or ad
verse. Trinitarian Congregational Church. Almost all the
facts here related concerning this church are gleaned from its
Manual, and from a Decennial Serraon by its pastor, the Rev.
WUlard D. Brown. " The very first words in the records of the
Church are these : ' From the commencement of the present
manufacturing viUage of GilbertvUle in 1860, the proprietors
have felt much interest in the moral welfare of the place, and
have spared no pains to secure the improveraent of its popula
tion.' " ^ The princely raunificence of Mr. George H. Gilbert,
of his family, and of the manufacturing corporation bearing
his narae, richly deserves this recognition by the beneficiaries.
" The Gilbertville HaU was dedicated December 27, 1863, and
was used as a place of worship until the completion and dedica
tion, on September 10, 1874, of the house of worship now occupied
by the church and society. From December, 1863, until August,
1865 (except during a portion of the winter of 1864-65), there
was preaching Sunday afternoons by Rev. Messrs. Perkins, Tut
tle, Gordon, and Merrill, of Ware, Tupper, of Hard-wick, and
Gurney, of New Braintree. From that time till March, 1866,
Rev. William H. Beecher, of North Brookfield, preached as a
stated supply, and he was succeeded by Rev. R. P. Wells, from
Tennessee, who became acting pastor of the church, and re
mained with it until January, 1869." ^ The Rev. Rufus P.
Wells grad. A. C. 1842, and took a partial course at the Theol.
Inst, in Connecticut in the class of 1845. After a successful
ministry at Gilbertville, he preached at Southampton, 1869-
1874, and at Mason, N. H., 1874-1877. He died at Norton,
May 25, 1877, aged 59.
The successor of Mr. Wells was Rev. Willard D. Brown, who
grad. at Middlebury Coll., 1868, and at Andover, 1869. He
became acting pastor of the church in September, 1869, and was
ordained and installed December 6, 1870. The church " was
organized March 7, 1867, and was coraposed of thirty-eight
raerabers, twenty-three of whom were received by letter, and
fifteen on profession of faith. There were connected with it,
1 Sermon, p. 5. 2 Manual.

ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 237
during its first year, forty-eight members. There have been
connected with it, up to the present time (1878), one hundred
and thirty-three members, forty of whom were males and ninety-
three females ; forty-four have been received by letter, and
eighty-nine on confession of faith." ^
Deacons.
Isaac H. Hoyt, elected February 14, 1868, resigned 1868.
Warner H. Joslyn, elected February 14, 1868, resigned 1869.
Wales T. Wilder, elected March 10, 1869.
Melzar Lamberton, elected March 1, 1877.
The meeting-house occupied by this church and society deserves
special notice. Constructed of granite, " from foundation to top
of spire," it is a perfect gem of architecture, and is the crowning
ornament of the most beautiful and neatly-kept manufacturing
village in the Commonwealth. For its erection, Mr. George H.
Gilbert, who died May 6, 1869, aged 63, devised by his will the
sum of $20,000 ; the raanufacturing corporation which bears his
name contributed $20,000 in cash, and in addition gave a spacious
lot of land suitably graded and inclosed, and also put in the
foundation of the edifice ; his widow gave an organ, and his
chUdren the furniture, together with a memorial window in
memory of a deceased sister. The whole araount of this raag-
nificent gift is estimated at not less than fifty thousand dollars.
Catholic Church. The building up of a large manufactur
ing establishment at Gilbertville naturally attracted a numerous
foreign population, most of which consisted of Catholics. Hav
ing worshipped for several years at Ware, they are understood
to have been organized into a separate parish at Gilbertville. A
spacious brick church was erected in 1872, on the west side of
the river, in the northerly part of the village. Mass is celebrated
in the forenoon of every Sabbath, with Sunday-school exercises
at two o'clock, and Vespers at three o'clock in the afternoon.
The congregation is larger than any other in the whole town,
embracing about eight hundred souls, including children. The
pastor in 1883 is Rev. John T. Sheehan, who resides in Ware.
I am unable to give a more particular account of the parish.
1 Manual.

CHAPTER XIII.
LITERARY HISTORY.
Graduates. — Clergymen. — Lawyers. — Physicians. — Poets. — Poetry. —
Schools. — Early Teachers. — Appropriations. — School- Houses. — High
School. — Social Library. — Early Proprietors. — Catalogue of Books. —
Mount Zion Lodge. — Original Members. — Removal to Barre. — Masters.
— Post-OiEces and Postmasters. — Post Riders and Mail Carriers. — Cen
tennial Celebration.
Graduates. The number of native-born sons of Hardwick
who have received a liberal education and collegiate honors is not
large. The following list is probably imperfect, but it approxi
mates the truth. Two graduates, Lemuel Hedge and Sanford
Lawton, though born elsewhere, are included, because they were
brought here in their infancy, were of Hardwick stock, and were
trained in our schools. Further notice of all these graduates,
and also of the lawyers and physicians named, may be found in
the Genealogical Register contained in this volume.
Luther E. Barnes
Andrew J. Bartholomew
Barnabas Billings .
Joseph Blake
George Blake
Charles E. Bruce
Henry James Bruce
John Field
Horace Gleason
Matthew W. HaskeU
Lemuel Hedge
Abiathar Hopkins
John Lawton
Sanford Lawton
William A. Mandell
Daniel W. Mandell
William Mixter
George Mixter .

A. C.

1871

Y. C.

1856

B.U.

1791

H. C.

1786

H. C.

1789

A. C.

1845

A. C.

1859

W. C.

1807

W. C.

1828

A. C.

1853

H. C.

1759

D. C.

1806

Mid. C.

1805

Y. C.

1825.

A. C.

1838

Mid. C.

1850

H. C.

1829

T.C.

1836

LITERARY HISTORY.

239

H. C.

1863.

. H. C.

1879.

Y. C.

1845.

. D. C.

1784.

D. C.

1786.

. W. C.

1807.

B. U.

1828.

. H. C.

1850.

T. C.

1861.

. Y. C.

1803.

Y. C.

1789.

. D. C.

1790.

W. C.

1812.

. U. C.

1830.

H. C.

1759.

. H. C."

1765.

George Mixter
Samuel J. Mixter*
James Monroe
Christopher Paige
Reed Paige
John Keyes Paige
Winslow Paige (honorary)
Lucius R. Paige (honorary)
Charles G. Pope
Thomas Rice
Moses Robinson (honorary)
Jonathan Robinson (honorary)
Alfred Stearns
Squire Whipple .
Thomas Wells White
John White

Clergymen. The several clergymen who have had pastoral
charge in Hardwick have already been mentioned under the
ecclesiastical head, which may suffice.
Lawyers. Timothy Ruggles, H. C. 1732, came here in
1754, and was soon appointed justice, and subsequently chief
justice, of the Court of Common Pleas. He left Hardwick in
1774, at the commencement of the Revolution, and died at Wil
mot, near Annapolis, N. S., August 4, 1795, aged nearly 84.
Daniel Oliver, H. C. 1762, commenced practice here early
in 1767. He was one of the very few barristers at law in the
Province, and apparently popular and successful. He left town
with General Ruggles in 1774, and died at Ashstead, England,
May 6, 1826, aged 82.
Seth Paddleford, Y. C. 1770, soon commenced practice
here. He removed to Taunton about 1778, was judge of pro
bate for Bristol County, received the degree of LL.D. frora B. U.,
1798, and died January 7, 1810, aged 58.
Pelatiah Hitchcock, H. C. 1785, commenced practice here
before 1791. He removed to West Brookfield, where he died
AprU 25, 1851, aged 86.
Luke Brown, H. C. 1794, commenced practice here before
1 Educated at the Mass. Inst, of Tech- D. C. — Dartmouth CoUege. H. C. —
nology, and at the Harvard Medical Harvard CoUege. Mid. C. — Middlebury

School, 2 CONTEACTIONS
College. B. U. — Brown University.

College. T. C— Tufts CoUege. U. C.
A. C. — Amherst — Union College. W. C. — WiUiams
CoUege. Y. C. — Yale College.

240 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
1799. He removed about 1807, and died at Enfield in 1835,
aged about 60.
Elisha P. Cutler, W. C. 1798, commenced practice here.
In 1805 " he removed to North Yarmouth, Me., and died there
Aug. 29, 1813, aged 32. He was a man of much promise." "Wil
liams Biog. Annals," p. 214.
Samuel Eastman, D. C. 1802, coramenced practice here in
1807. He reraained longer than any of his predecessors, but at
length reraoved to Springfield. He died at Araherst, AprU 11,
1864, aged 81.
Joseph Knox was here before 1831. He removed in 1837 to
Rock Island, IU., where he died August 6, 1881.
Joel W. Fletcher, A. C. 1838, came here in 1841, and re
moved to Leominster in 1843. About 1865 he removed to
Cambridge, abandoned the practice of the law, and became an
insurance agent. In 1879 he went to Chicago, where he died
February 15, 1880, aged 62.
Since 1843, no lawyer has established hiraself in Hardwick.
It is rauch to the credit of the town, as a peaceable and law-abid
ing coramunity, that it has never required professional aid in its
transaction of business, and its settlement of differences, to such
an extent as to induce any lawyer to make this his permanent
residence through life.
Physicians. No trace has been discovered of any physician
in Hardwick earlier than 1749 ; since which time, however, the
town has never been destitute of at least one medical adviser.
Jedediah Rice was here as early as April 11, 1749. He
had scarcely sufficient time to make full proof of his skill and use
fulness, as he died April 4, 1756, before he was thirty years old.
He was one of the earliest merabers of the Separate Church.
Joel Carpenter coramenced practice here as early as March
25, 1752. He remained certainly until March 1, 1764 ; but how
much longer does not appear.
Challis Safford was here in 1755. He died in 1771, aged
38, and left the reputation of a skilful physician.
Jonas Fay commenced practice soon after 1760. He ranked
high as a physician, and still higher as a politician and a patriot.
He reraoved to Bennington about 1768, and closed his active life
March 6, 1818, aged 82.
Isaac Robinson was born here in 1747. After a short prac
tice here, he removed to Chesterfield about 1771, and later to
Stamford, Vt.

literary history. 241
Jedediah Fay was born here in 1755. He is said by tradition
to have practised in this town for raany years ; but precisely how
long, and whether he died here, is not ascertained.
John Paddleford, Y. C. 1768, commenced practice here.
He was authorized to estabUsh an " inoculating hospital " in 1776.
About 1778 he entered the navy as a surgeon, was taken pris
oner, and died in 1779, aged about 31.
Charles Doolittle was here as early as 1771. He was
highly esteemed as a skilful physician and a useful citizen. He
died June 12, 1785, aged 36.
Lucius Doolittle was here in 1783, with his brother
Charles, and succeeded hira in practice. After a few years he
removed to Lyndon, Vt., but afterwards returned, and died here
Deceraber 1, 1831, aged 70.
Arthur Rawson was here in 1785. Like several of his pred
ecessors, he was cut off in early life. He died December 25,
1796, aged 38.
Cyrus Washburn was born here in 1774. After practising
medicine in Hardwick a few years, he removed in 1803 to Ver
non, Vt., where he died March 2, 1860, aged 85.
Elias Pbnniman came here about 1793. He becatne insane,
and died February 9, 1830, aged 81.
William Cutler came here in 1795. He was for many
years the only apothecary in town, but refrained frora medical
practice. He died February 9, 1832, aged 78.
Convers Cutler came here in 1796. He died Noveraber 1,
1831, aged 76.
Joseph White bought the homestead of Martin Kinsley,
January 7, 1796, and practised here for a few years. He was.
published, June 30, 1799, to Beersheba Jenney of New Bedford,
to which place it is supposed he soon afterwards removed.
Elliott Beckwith probably comraenced practice here in
early life. When he died, March 6, 1814, aged 58, there was a
general lamentation.
David Billings was born here in 1771. He practised
through life, chiefly in the westerly section of the town and in
Ware; he died October 15, 1833, aged 62.
Joseph Stone comraenced 'practice here iraraediately after
the death of Dr. Beckwith in 1814. He was skilful and success
ful as a physician, and rendered various iraportant services to the-
town which are not yet forgotten. He died June 27, 1849, aged
59. 16

242 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Stephen K. Wardwell also commenced practice here im
mediately after the death of Dr. Beckwith in 1814. ^ He was
speciaUy distinguished as a surgeon, and had an extensive prac
tice in the neighboring towns. He died October 8, 1844, aged
55. William H. Willis was here in 1842, but removed to North
Reading before November 14, 1843, when he was recommended to
the church in that place.
Lafayette Ranney, D. C. 1842, and M. D. at the sarae Col
lege, 1845. He coraraenced practice here, but removed to New
York city about 1862.
Isaac G. Cutler was here for a time after the death of Dr.
Wardwell, but soon removed.
Charles Field ,also practised here for a short season after
the death of Dr. Wardwell.
Almon M. Oecutt was the recognized successor of Dr. Stone,
in 1849, and entered at once into a successful practice, which he
still retains.
George Chamberlain was here about 1850, but soon re
raoved to Brirafield.
James P. Lynde practised here a few years, but soon after
1855 removed to Athol, where he still resides.
Jubal C. Gleason was the first settled physician in Gilbert
ville. He came from Hubbardston to that village in 1867, and
removed to Rockland in 1870.
Willard H. Stowe came from Vermont to Gilbertville about
1870., and removed to Palmer in 1876.
Willard C. Haven, son of Rev. John Haven of Charlton,
.commenced practice in Gilbertville in 1877, and removed to
Brookfield in 1878.
Wesley E. Brown carae from Paxton to Gilbertville about
1878, and is still a practising physician in that part of the town.
Mrs. Maria Ruggles (wife of Moses Ruggles), though not a
meraber of the Massachusetts Medical Society, has practised med
icine in Hardwick for several years, and generally secured the
confidence and approbation of her patients.
Poets. Many sons of Hardwick, whether residing here or
elsewhere, have been eminently useful to the coramunity in the
various learned professions, as well as in tbe ordinary affairs
of life ; but very few have been publicly known as authors,
either in prose or poetry. Of those few, in addition to brief no-

LITERARY HISTORY. 243
tices in the Genealogies, I may be pardoned for mentioning two,
— the one a permanent resident, and the other native-born.
Deacon Joseph Allen, who spent almost the whole of his active
life here, and died August 18, 1793, aged 84, together with an
absorbing interest in the straightest theology of his day, had also
a passion for rhyming. During his life, especially in old age, he
was accustomed to commit to writing his opinions and arguments
on theological subjects, with exhortations to his brethren to stand
fast in the faith, evidently with the hope that what he had writ
ten might at some time be pubUshed. He also expressed many
of his thoughts in homely verses. After his decease, some friend
caused at least a portion of his manuscripts to be printed in a
pamphlet entitled " The Last Advice and Farewell of Deacon
Joseph Allen to the Church and Congregation of Hardwick," pp.
51, octavo, Brookfield, 1795. The prose articles I omit entirely,
but give space to two specimens of history "done into rhyme."
The first ^ is entitled —
" some observations on the town of hardwick, in the
early stages of it.
" When I look back, and take a view
Of that which now has been.
There then was found but very few
Which did this Town begin.
" In thirty-six I came into
This then a wilderness ;
Great hardships we did undergo ;
Our wants did daily press.
" Near thirty miles, without a road.
We were obliged to go.
Through woods, and streams, and depth of snow.
To fetch our daily food.
" The families were twenty-three
That then did here belong;
They all did hardships bear with me.
But now are dead and gone.
" My wife and I are left alone
Of all that married were ;
1 Written apparently in 1789.

244 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
And we remain their loss to mourn
Of whom we loved so dear.
" Of single men, there are but two.
And both advanced in age ;
And all the rest, though but a few.
Are gone from off the stage.
" A Church was gathered the same year
A Minister ordained ;
His call it was perfectly clear ;
Great blessings he obtained.
" For more than forty-seven years
He did with us remain;
His doctrines were both sound and clear.
All of a gospel strain.
" Five years ago, he took his leave.
And bid us all farewell ;
The loss, so great, we can't conceive,
'Tis hard for us to tell.
" So long we have been destitute ;
How long we so must dwell ;
For it is known without dispute
That none of us can tell.
" Yet must not do as some here say,
But constant use the means.
And wait for the appointed day
Till God shall change the scene.
" The greater part that here was born
Have early took their flight
Into a state that's most forlorn.
Or to a world of light."

The next has reference to the extraordinarily cold winter of
1779-80,1 during which, I have heard my elders say, for many
I The following article was republished " COLD WEATHER IN OLD TIMES.
in the Boston Evemng Transcript, Jan- " New Toek, December 28, 1872.
nary 1, 1873 : — <• Xo the Editors of the Evening Post : —
The present winter, thus far, has proved

L • LITERARY HISTORY. 245
weeks the snow did not melt on the south side of the house-tops ;
the public roads became so blocked that locomotion was accom
plished almost exclusively on snow-shoes, and burdens were moved
on hand-sleds. It is entitled —
" ON THE SEVERE COLD WINTER IN 1779.
" Full seventy years I 've seen, and more.
Since I my breath did draw ;
But never knew such cold before
As lately here I saw.
" From twenty-sixth of November,
Till ten weeks had an end,
A time we all shall well remember
How wood and hay did spend.
" The cold increased for seventy days,
With multitude of storms,
Till snow had clogged up all the ways.
For few of them were worn.
" The snow came down like fleecy wool
At times for forty days,
to be the most severe known for some January 17, 1780, 17 deg. above.
years, and I thought the following ex
tracts from an old journal might be of in
terest to some of your readers.
" The winter of 1779-80 was, in Amer
ica, the severest that had been known
since 1741. From November 25 to the
middle of March tbe cold was severe and
almost uninterrupted. The following was
the state of the thermometer (Fahren
heit) at Hartford, Conn. :
January 1, 1780, 2 deg. above.

2,

7

ft

below.

3,

14

tt

above.

4.

16

ft

((

5,

6
tt
tt
6,
10
tt
ti
7,
9
«
tt
8,
1
tt
below.
9,
5
"
above.
10,
19
t(
tt
11,
26
tt
"
12,
11
tt
tt
13,
8
tt
tt
14,
9
tt
tt
15,
15
tl
tt
16,
it
10
tt
"
tt
18,
12
"
It
tt
19,
13
"
below.
tt
20,
5
tt
above.
tt
21,
6
tt
below.
"
22,
5
tt
above.
tt
23,
9
tt
below.
"
24,
6
tl
above.
tt
25,
16
It
below.
tt
26,
6
tt
tt
"
27,
2
It
tl
tt
28,
8
"
tt
tt
29,
20
It
It
tt
30,
15
It
tl
It
31,
4
tt
It
February 1,
2
tt
above.
tt
2,
3
It
11
••
3,
3
It
It
tt
4,
15
it
It
"
5,
8
It
below.
" Mean temperature for January at sun
rise, 4 degrees ; almost 20 degrees below
the temperature of the same month in or
dinary winters. . . .
" Very respectfully,
" Your obedient servant,
" Coleman Benedict."
246 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Both at the change and at the full.
Which puts us to amaze.
" But little rain did then come down
To mix among the snow,
To wet the dry and thirsty ground.
Till springs were very low.
" But at the last, for thirty days.
No storm of any kind,
But only squalls, the wind did rise
And left keen cold behind.
" The freezing cold did waste the springs.
Till they were almost dry ;
We hardly could, by any means.
Get ground our corn and rye.
" We could obtain but little meal,
To make for us our bread.
While we the keenest cold did feel.
Both up, and in our bed.
" The cattle too could hardly get.
From springs that used to burst.
The watery element, to wet.
To quench their daily thirst.
" This is thy hand. Oh mighty God,
Who orders seasons all.
And makes us feel thy smarting rod.
To make us prostrate fall.
" It is most fit that we endure
Thy sore chastising hand.
For our bold crimes they did procure
These judgments on our land.
" Have mercy. Lord, for mercy's sake.
Give us thy sheltering wing ;
And cause the winter soon to break.
And hasten on the spring.''

Timothy Paige, Jr., Esq., native born, left town when young,

LITERARY HISTORY. 247
and, after residing a few years in Georgia, settled in South-
bridge, where he died November 14, 1822, aged 34. He pub
lished several poetical articles, generally with the signature of
" Jaques," in the " Massachusetts Spy" and other journals, which
were well received, though most of them had a tinge of sadness,
the result, perhaps, of a discouraging lack of health. I select the
last verses which he prepared for publication (printed in the
" ^Py " December 25, 1822), together with editorial remarks : —
[With emotions which we cannot easily define, we publish,
this week, the " Farewell to Summer," the " saddest and the
latest lay " of one who (as is known to many of our readers),
" His finest chords by death unstrung.
Has yielded life's expiring sigh."
The " Farewell " derives additional interest from the fact
that, although it has just reached us, it is altogether, even its
superscription, in the handwriting of Jaques. It coraes to us
like the breathings of a disembodied spirit, like a strain from the
chambers of the dead. Jaques was no stranger to us ; in years
long gone by we were inmates of the same dwelling. His spirit
was too gentle, his chords too finely strung, to encounter the
harsh realities of life; and he finally sunk under a sensibility too
exquisite to endure the " ills which flesh is heir to." .... Ud.
Spy.-] "FAREWELL TO SUMMER.
" Farewell, glowing Summer, thy last sun is beaming
His glow on thy cheek, and his light on thine eye ;
To-morrow shall come, and his mellow beams, streaming,
Shall chequer the clouds of an autumnal sky.
" The foliage and flowers thou so fondly hast cherished,
The embryo hope and the wreck of the Spring,
Deprived of thy warm beams, ere long shall have perished
In the chiU blast and shadow of Autumn's dark wing.
" Yet, welcome the change. — He who fashion'd creation
In wisdom such changes saw fit to ordain ;
By contrast, life's joys have their just graduation ;
Spring owes half its charms to stern Winter's dark reign.
" The sun, o'er his rising when gloomy clouds lower.
Like shadows that darken the light of the breast.

248 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
More brightly his beams sheds o'er streamlet and flower,
As in cloudless eff'ulgence he sinks in the west.
" To the Spring let youth's jocund heart pay its devotion.
Contentment still revel on bright Summer cheer ;
But misfortune's eye gazes, with deeper emotion.
On Autumn's dark landscape and foliage sere.
'' And Winter, to warm hearts so chilling and cheerless, —
I remember the season when I too was gay ;
When my heart was as light, and mine eyes were as tearless ; —
But the flowers of that Summer have withered away.
" The cold blasts of Winter that sweep o'er the mountain.
His ice-fettered streams, and his wild waste of snow.
Add no chill to man's feelings) when pleasure's pure fountain
Has ceased in his bosom forever to flow.
" Man's Winter is death. In the cold grave shall slumber
The mortal ; in mercy Heaven fixed the decree ;
Pain, disease, disappointment, life's ills without number.
Return to the earth ; yet his spirit is free.
" From that Winter of death, yet a bright Spring ensuing
Shall flourish thenceforth in perennial bloom ;
Earth hath change, from the Spring-flower to Winter's dark ruin ;
Existence unchangeable wakes from the tomb.
" August 31, 1822. Jaques."
Schools. — For the first ten years after the settlement of the
town I find no trace of public schools.i But at a town-meeting,
April 2, 1744, it was " voted to get a school-master for the town,
to begin in the first of Septeraber, and to continue eight months,
and to reraove four tiraes." The first school-master was WiUiam
Thomas.^ At the close of his first engagement, under a warrant,
1 Theeducation of the young, however, Marlborough in 1725, and was educated
was not wholly neglected, as is manifest in the common schools of that town, and
from the fact that a large proportion of of Shrewsbury. "Being of a studious
those who were then children appear to turn of mind and fond of reading, he
have been able, in mature life, both to purchased many books and soon became
read and to write. quite a scholar for those days. In the
'^ Father of Robert B. Thomas, the year 1744 he commenced school-keeping
original "Author and Editor of the at Brookfield, at the age of nineteen
Farmers' Almanac," who, in a "Concise years, which he followed, winters, more
Memoir " of himself, published in the or less, for upwards of forty years. The
almanacs for 1833 and 1834, says his same year commenced in Hardwick, being
father, William Thomas, was born at the first school-master in that town."

LITERARr HISTORY. 249
" to see if the town will agree with the school-master for a longer
time," the town. May 13, 1745, " agreed and voted to have Mr.
William Thomas to be our school-raaster for the space of nine
months ; he is to begin to keep school the first of Septeinber, and
keep nine months next ensuing ; and for his so doing, he is to have
eight pounds, old tenor, for each month he finds his own board
ing." In the previous January, the town appointed a " Coramittee
to divide the town into five parts for the school to be kept in " ;
and the teacher, probably, removed five times, instead of four
times, as required by a former order. At a town-meeting. May
16, 1748, the town raised one hundred and fifty pounds, old tenor,
for schools, to be divided equally between the five districts. This
rule of division prevailed for several years ; but it was voted,
December 28, 1761, " that the Quarter in the middle of the town
shall have three pounds out of the money raised to defray the
necessary charges, for the use of the school, more than their equal
part of the money raised before for the use of the school, by reason
of other Quarters sending so many children into it."
The town voted, September 22, 1746, " that the Selectmen
shall provide a school-raaster to keep school thirteen months."
Under this vote, it appears that Thomas Ruggles,i of Rochester,
was employed. Payments " for keeping the schoolmaster Thoraas
Ruggles" were made, October 19, 1747, , to Captain Benjarain
Ruggles (for "four weeks and a half"), £i 10s. Oc?. ; and to
Constant Merrick (for four weeks), £4 Os. Od. ; also, March 6,
1748-9, to Matthew Barr (for four weeks), £4 Os. Od. The
naraes of several eariy school-masters are gleaned from the treas
urer's accounts ; but the materials for a perfect list have not been
discovered. It may be observed that almost the whole number
were inhabitants of the town, and that Lemuel Hedge, Thomas
Wells White, John White, Reed Paige, and, probably, Alexander
McDowell, were either students in coUege, or had already grad-
uated.2 1 Son of Rev. Timothy Ruggles. He 1756-7; John Bradish, 1757; Lemuel
subsequently returned to his native town. Hedge, 1757; Thomas Wells White, 1759-
was a physician, and died before May 6, 60, 1763, 1772, 1774; Dr. Jonas Fay,
1776. 1761-3; Alexander McDowell, 1765;
^ The earliest teachers were : WiUiam Christopher Paige, Jr., 1766; William
Thomas, 1745-6; Thomas Ruggles, 1747; Oliver, 1766; Philip Jordan, 1766-7;
Deacon John Freeman, 1748-57; Hum- John White, 1770, 1785 ; Ebenezer Wash-
phrey Peirce, 1749-50; Deacon John burn, 1771-2; Barnabas Sears, 1772;
Cooper, 1751-9, 1766; Deacon Joseph Nathan Wheeler, 1782; Reed Paige,
Allen, 1751 ; Joseph Safford, 1753; Dr. 1785; Nathan Merrick, 1^85, 1789; John
Joel Carpenter, 1753; Stephen Fisk, Rice, 1787.

250 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
The Court of Sessions exercised a strict supervision over the
towns in regard to schools. In February, 1746-7, apparently
before Thomas Ruggles commenced his term of service, this town
narrowly escaped presentment, or indictment, for neglect, and
voted to pay ten shUlings to "Lieut. Eleazar Warner for prevent
ing the town from being presented for want of a school ; " prob
ably by showing that the town had already passed a vote to
" provide a school-master, to keep school thirteen months." In
August, 1758, Hardwick was presented for lack of a grammar
school ; but the record states that " the said town, being now
provided with a school, plead that they would not contend with
the king, but put theraselves upon his grace ; whereupon the said
town was dismissed, paying costs." i In January, 1767, a fine of
£8 6s. 8d. was actually imposed on Hardwick for delinquency
in duty ; whereupon it was voted, March 2, 1767, " to provide a
grararaar school-master for the year ensuing." At a later period,
March 7, 1785, it was " voted to raise £80 for schooling, and to
have the grararaar school kept in four parts of the town so long
as will clear the town of a fine, an equal proportion in each part,
viz., at Edward Ruggles',^ Colonel Timothy Paige's,^ David
Allen's,^ and John Paige's,^ on condition of their finding a suit
able room and firewood for said school, free of cost frora the
town." If this vote seem to savor of parsimony, it should be re
raerabered that it was passed at a tirae when the people, not only
of this town, but throughout the Coraraonwealth, were groaning.
under the pressure of obligations, both public and private, so
intolerable that a year later they were driven to utter despera
tion, and took up arms to prevent the coUection of debts by
process of law ; so that the appropriation was as large as could
be reasonably expected in such a state of financial distress.
Generally, through the whole period of its corporate existence.
Among the more recent teachers were i Worcester County Records.
Colonel Samuel Mixter, of New Brain- ^ On Ruggles Hill, at the place marked
tree, in the centre district, for five sue- " A. Ruggles," on the R. Map.
cessive winters, before and after 1810, = On the easterly road to GUbertville,
who was afterwards representative, sena- at the place marked " A. Warner," on the
tor, and counciUor. Another was Hon. R. Map.
Henry O. Houghton, now of Cambridge * On the road to Petersham, at the
(of which city he has been mayor), who place marked " D. Allen," on the R.
graduated at the University of Vermont, Map.
1846, taught in the northeasterly district 5 Qn the old road to Greenwich, at the
during the succeeding winter, and has place marked "Wid. Paige," on the
since acquired an enviable reputation as R. Map.
a publisher, printer, and manager of the
" Riverside Press."

LITERARY HISTORY. 251
this town has made a generous provision for the education of the
young ; but it has never been anxious to obtain notoriety by a
competition with other towns in extravagant and unnecessary
expenditures. Some of the early appropriations have been raen
tioned. Frora 1798 to 1821, the amount annually raised by taxa
tion was five hundred dollars, each district receiving from the
treasury the same sum which was assessed on its inhabitants. In
1821, it was ordered that seven of the districts should receive
additional sums, amounting in all to eighty dollars ; and thence
forth, until 1829, five hundred and eighty dollars was assessed.
Since that time, in addition to voluntary subscriptions, and the
amount received from the School Fund and from the Dog Tax,
the sum annually raised by taxation is exhibited in the following
table : — 1830,1 $600. 1854, $1,300. 1874,5, $3,000.
1832, 800. 1855-61, 1,500. 1876, 2,600.
1833, 700. 1862, 1,300. 1877, 2,000.

1834-6, 800.

1863, 4,

1,500.

1878,

2,500.

1837-44, 1,000.

1865, 6,

1,800.

1879,

2,000.

1845-50, 1,200.

1867, 8,

2,500.

1880,

2,300,

1851, 2, 1,300.

1869-71,

3,000.

1881,

2,500.

1853, 1,500. 1872, 3, 2,500. 1882, 3,500.
In 1745, the town was divided into five districts : the number
was subsequently increased, from time to time, and has been as
high as eleven ; there are now ten districts, embracing fourteen
schools. For many years each district maniiged its own finan
cial affairs, and eraployed its own school-teachers, — subject, how
ever, to their approval by the School Coraraittee as competent
and duly qualified to teach. This system has been abandoned,
and the whole power is now vested in the School Committee, one
of whom acts as the general Superintendent of Schools.
The first notice which I find on record concerning public
school-houses is under date of April 5, 1790, when it was " voted
to raise ^£500, for the purpose of building school-houses." The
several districts were required to keep these houses in repair, and
to rebuild in case of loss. Three quarters of a century later, the
town assumed the whole charge and expense, and in a code of
by-laws, adopted April 1, 1867, provided that aU the school-
houses be under the charge of one officer, to be styled Superin
tendent of School-houses.

252 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
Soon after his settiement as pastor of the Congregational
Church, in 1832, Rev. John GoMsbury estabUshed a High
School, which he conducted successfully untU 1839, when he re
raoved to Carabridge, to take charge of a similar institution.
This school was attended chiefly by Hardwick students, and was
maintained at private expense. After the erection of the Town
House, the town voted. May 8, 1838, " that the use of the HaU
be granted to Mr. Goldsbury for the purpose of keeping a High
School." Library. At the comraenceraent of the present century two
associations were organized in Hardwick, from both of which I
derived so much personal benefit that I cannot forbear some
notice of them. One of these was a Library Association. Under
date of September 16, 1802, an agreement was made as foUows :
" That a Social Library may be purchased for our mutual
benefit, we, the subscribers, do severally agree to the following
articles, viz., 1. That as soon as a sufficient number of subscrib
ers shaU be obtained, we wiU each pay a sum not exceeding
two doUars and fifty cents, and pay annually a sum not exceeding
fifty cents for the term of seven years from the first payment. 2.
That no person shall dispose of his right in said Library to any
individual until he shall first give the proprietors an opportunity
to purchase it at such a price as the proprietors shall annually
agree upon. 3. We do further agree that when a sufficient
number of subscribers shall be obtained, we will form ourselves
into a Society agreeably to the laws of the Comraonwealth."
The Society was duly organized at a raeeting held in the
" Centre School-house," December 13, 1802, when officers were
elected, to wit : Thomas Holt, Moderator ; EUsha P. Cutler,
Clerk ; Timothy Paige, Job Dexter, and Sarauel Hinkley, Pro
prietors' Coraraittee; EUsha P. Cutler, Librarian and Treasurer;
Cyrus Washburn, Collector ; and " It was voted to accept the
rules and regulations drawn up by a coramittee appointed for
that purpose, as the Constitution and Laws of the Library Pro
prietary. ... It was voted that the subscription paper for said
Library should be recorded in the Book containing the Laws and
Constitution." The subscription paper was recorded as directed ; but the
naraes of the subscribers are omitted. There is on record, how
ever, " a list of the naraes of the Proprietors of the First Social
Library in Hardwick, Noveraber the 12*^^, 1805, with the number

LITERARY HISTORY. 253
of their shares," which probably corresponds very nearly with
the list of subscribers : —
1. John Hastings, Esq., 15. Timothy Fay,
2. Tiraothy Paige, Esq., 16. Elijah Carpenter,
3. Col. Stephen Rice, 17. Josiah Newton,
4. Seth Hinkley, 18. Elliott Beckwith,
5. David Richards, 19. James Perkins,
6. Samuel Hinkley, 20. John Gorham,
7. Thomas Egery, 21. Lemuel Ruggles,
8. Livy Lawton, 22. Prince Nye,
9. Seth Peirce, 23. Silas Newton,
10. Job Dexter, 24. John Jenney,
11. Israel Trow, 25. Thomas Wheeler,
12. Nathaniel Paige, 26. Elijah B. Harmon,
13. Daniel Warner, 27. Josiah C. Chandler,
14. Ashbel Rice, 28. Jeduthun Spooner.
To these should be added the naraes of six original subscribers,
whose shares had been assumed or purchased by the society
before the date of this list, viz.: Samuel Beals, Deceraber 13,
1802; Cyrus Washburn, Ebenezer Ayer, and Jaraes Lawton,
Noveraber 14, 1803 ; Elisha P. Cutier, August 1, 1805 ; and
Thoraas Holt, November 11, 1805.
At the meeting for organization, December 13, 1802, " it was
voted, to receive certain Books formerly belonging to the old
Library, to constitute a part of the new." i
Elisha P. Cutler remained in office as librarian until August 1,
1805, when being about to remove to Maine, he resigned, and
Jeduthun Spooner succeeded him for the remainder of the year.
At the annual meeting, in November, 1805, Elijah B. Harmon
was elected librarian, and held the office for eight years. Sara
uel Eastman was elected in 1813, Timothy Fay in 1815, William
B. Wesson in 1816, and Samuel Hinkley in 1817, who was re
elected from year to year until Noveraber 12, 1827, at which
date the record abruptly ends. In the Book of Records a loose
sheet is preserved, containing a meraorandura of another annual
meeting, without date, at which Joseph Stone was elected libra
rian ; and it was " voted that the Librarian have permission to
1 I have found no other trace whatever their contents, remains vividly imprinted
of this " old Library ; " but of " the new " on my memory in my old age. Their pe-
I made abundant use in my young days, rusal stimulated a taste for historical and
and the general appearance of the books, biographical studies which has not yet
as well as the fascinating character of entirely deserted me.

254

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

agree with Messrs. Hammond & Mixter to keep the Library at
their Store." A " Catalogue of Books belonging to the Social Li
brary Proprietary in Hardwick, and in possession of the Libra
rian, May 3P', 1831," was raade, and Hammond & Mixter gave
to the librarian a receipt for the sarae, which remains on file. An
inspection of the Catalogue will afford proof that the books,
though few in number, were of the most instructive and useful
character ; and it may surprise the readers of this generation, that
araong the whole number there was only one work of pure fiction,
viz., the " Vicar of Wakefield."

CATALOGUE, ETC.
Belknap's History of New Hampshire
Hutchinson's History of Massachusetts
Biography of Naval Heroes
American Biography
Robertson's Charles V.
Buffon's Natural History
Ramsay's American Revolution
Hume's History of England .
Park's Travels .
History of Vermont
Apostolical Fathers .
Spanish America .
Life of Josiah Quincy, Jr. .
Ramsay's United States
Adams' Defence of American Constitutions
Hubbard's History of New England
Millet's Elements of History
Historical Transactions .
Marshall's Life of Washington
Flavius Josephus .
Smellie's Philosophy
Robertson's Scotland
Minot's Continuation
Life of Charles XII.
Smith's Lectures
History of Greece .
Bruce's Travels
Life of General Putnam
Hall's Journal .
Life of Franklin
Jackson's Morocco
Clark's Travels

Vols 32 I
23
2
2
8 1
1
1
1 1
3 3 1
5. 1 5
3 11
111 1
1 1
2 1 1
1

LITERARY HISTORY.

255

Vols:
Discourse on Meekness  1
Plutarch's Lives ....... 8
Rambler ......... 4
Dodd on Death ....... 1
Junius' Letters . ...... 1
Beauties of Spectators, etc  2
Rollin's Ancient History  8
Forsyth's Italy  1
Life of SouvarofF .  1
Watson's Apology ...... 1
Vicar of Wakefield .  1
Dodd's Thoughts in Prison  1
Paley's Evidences ....... 1
Doddridge's Sermons ...... 1
British Spy  1
Letter on the Genius, etc. of French Government pamphlet.
Mr. Webster's Plymouth Discourse . . pamphlet.
Unfortunately these books were scattered or lost, and the so
ciety ceased to exist. A new and rauch raore extensive library
has recently been established, under the patronage of the ladies.
May the enterprise be crowned with abundant success and pros
perity. Mount Zion Lodge. The other association for intellectual
and raoral improveraent, organized at the coraraencement of this
century, was a society of Freemasons, bearing the narae of Mount
Zion Lodge. Its charter from the Grand Lodge bears date March
11, 1800, and its original merabers were Calvin Eaton, Williara
Stone, Jaraes Lawton, John Shaw, 2d, Abijah Powers, Clark
Powers, Asaph Newcomb, Rufus King, Roger West, Bradford
Newcorab, James Stone, Thoraas Powers, Jr., Seth Hinkley,
Daniel Ruggles, Daniel Billings, Jr., Luke Brown, Nathan Free
man, Edward Ruggles, Peter Blackmer, Jr., Sylvanus Thompson,
Sarauel Beals, Daniel Thomas, 2d, Samuel French, Thoraas
Wheeler, Jr., and Elias Hall. About one half of these persons
resided in Hardwick, and nearly all the others in Greenwich, in
cluding what is now Enfield. For the first quarter of the cen
tury the Lodge prospered, and embraced among its members
many of the most eminent citizens of the before-naraed towns,
and also of Brookfield (especially that portion which is now
West Brookfield), New Braintree, Barre, and Dana. Its first
place of meeting was in a spacious hall in the Willis Tavern, on

256 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
the turnpike, marked " Dr. WardweU " on the R. Map. In 1809,
Daniel Ruggles erected a new tavern in the centre of the town,
in which he fitted a hall for masonic purposes, and the Lodge was
removed thither on the 18th day of October in that year. A
procession was formed at the old hall at ten o'clock A. M., and
proceeded to the meeting-house, where a discourse was delivered
by Rev. Jaraes Thompson, of Barre, and the officers of the Lodge
were publicly installed. The procession was then again formed
and proceeded to the new hall, which was duly dedicated, and
was thenceforth the masonic horae of the Lodge, until, by per
raission of the Grand Lodge, it was removed to Barre, March 14,
1855. In 1826, an anti-masonic tornado originated in Western New
York, and rapidly gathering strength, swept furiously over the
Northern States, carrying devastation and ruin in its path. Not
only Masonic Lodges were destroyed, but the Churches of Christ
were rent asunder, and raany of them utterly ruined. Mount
Zion Lodge was not seriously affected by this tempest until about
1832. It was not then absolutely destroyed, but for the next
ten years was in a disorganized condition, and had scarcely more
than a narae to live. After its revival in 1842, its return to
prosperity was very slow. Many of its forraer raost active
raerabers had either deceased or had becorae disheartened, and
retired from participation in its labors ; and of those who had
become of lawful age during the period of furious excitement,
many had imbibed prejudices against the institution, which it was
very difficult to overcorae ; and hence the accession of new mem
bers was hindered. Gradually, however, and notably since its
removal to Barre, it has renewed its activity, and its prospect of
permanent prosperity is highly encouraging.
I append a list of the successive Masters of the Lodge, with
their respective residences, so far as ascertained.

1800-1802,1

Calvin Eaton,

Greenwich.

1803,

James Lawton,^

Hardwick.

1804 (Feb.),

Samuel Beals,

Hardwick.

1804,

Asaph Newcomb,

Greenwich.

1805,

Calvin Eaton,

Greenwich.

1806,

Asa Walker,

Barre.

1807-1809,

Argalus Thomas,

Brookfield.

1 The annual meeting was in June Major Beals was elected for the unexpired
until 1807 ; afterwards, in September. term.
^ James Lawton died in oflBce, and

LITERARY HISTORY.

257

1810,

Joseph W. Hamilton,

Brookfield.

1811,

Joseph W. Jenkins,

Barre.

1812,

Benjamin Jenkins,

Hardwick.

1813,

Argalus Thomas,^

Brookfield.

1814,

Peleg Aldrich,

Prescott.

1815, 1816,

Samuel Mixter,

New Braintree.

1817,

Warren P. Wing,

Greenwich.

1818,

Luther Spalding,

Greenwich.

1819, 1820,

Apollos Johnson,

Dana.

1821, 1822,

John Warner,

Greenwich.

1823, 1824,

Gardner Ruggles,

Barre.

1825,

Samuel Lee,

Barre.

1826,

Lucius R. Paige,

Hardwick.

1827,

Gardner Ruggles,

Barre.

1828,

James Thompson,

Barre.

1829,

Gardner Ruggles,

Barre.

1830, 1831,

Denison A. Robinson,

Barre.

1832-1841,

Few meetings held, and
election of officers.

apparently no

1842, 1843,

Gardner Ruggles,^

Hardwick.

1844,

Denison A. Robinson,

Barre.

1845,

Gardner Ruggles,

Hardwick.

1846, 1847,

George Washburn.

1848, 1849,

Gardner Ruggles,

Hardwick.

1850,

Joshua Flagg,

Dana.

1851-1853,

No record found.

1854,

John Winslow,

Barre.

1855,

WUliam A Fuller,

Barre.

1856-1858,

George J. Sanger,

Hardwick.

1859-1862,

James Holland,

Barre.

1863,

Chauncy C. Hemenway,

Barre.

1864,

James Holland,

Barre.

1865,

George M. Buttrick,

Barre.

1866-1868,

Joseph F. Snow,

Barre.

1869,

John W. Rice,

Barre.

1 Captain Thomas afterwards removed
to Worcester, and kept a popular hotel
on Main Street, opposite to the Court
House. In 1821, his name was changed
to Samuel B. Thomas, by Act of the
General Court.
2 It was chiefly through the exertions
of Major Ruggles (who had returned
from Barre to Hardwick) that any vi-
taUty in the Lodge was preserved. For
m ny years the Grand Lodge constituted
17

him a " special agent " to conserve the
interests of Freemasonry in Worcester
County and all that part of the State
lying west of it. On the first day of
January, 1842, he reorganized Mount
Zion Lodge, and, as its Master, nursed
it judiciously for the next three years.
This was the first-fruits of renewed ma
sonic prosperity in Western Massachu
setts.

258 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

1870,

Joseph F. Snow,

Barre.

1871,

1872,

Sewell Underwood,

Barre.

1873,

Charles E. Newton,

Barre.

1874,

John W. Rice,

Barre.

1875,

George L. Brown,
Barre.
1876,
Henry W. Hubbard,
Barre.
1877,
Joseph D. Wadsworth,
Barre.
1878,
1879,
Willie H. Osgood,
Barre.
1880,
1881,
William W. Stacey,
Barre.
1882,
L T. Hinkley,
Barre.
Post-Opfices, Mail-Carriers, and Post-Riders. At the
comraenceraent of the present century there was no post-office in
Hardwick, nor indeed in this part of the county of Worcester.
Letters addressed to our inhabitants were left at the post-office
in Worcester, advertised occasionally, and at length obtained per
sonally or by private conveyance. Some were probably conveyed
by the post-riders, who distributed newspapers weekly through
the county. The Worcester postmaster advertised letters reraain
ing in his office, Deceraber 26, 1801, for persons residing in Gard
ner, Hardwick, Hubbardston, Oxford, Sutton, and Westbor
ough ; and the sarae towns are mentioned in an advertisement
dated April 5, 1802, with the addition of New Salem and South
Brimfield. About the year 1805, a post-office was established here, and Dr.
William Cutler was appointed postmaster, who was succeeded
by his son, Sarauel Fiske Cutler ; together they held the office
about thirty years, until 1836, when Frederick W. Delano was
appointed, and the office was removed from its former location
(where Williara Paige now resides) to the " Mixter Store." In
1850, Albert E. Knight was appointed, and is still in office after
the lapse of more than thirty years. At a coraparatively recent
period, two more post-offices have been established here, one
at Gilbertville, April 1, 1863, Lewis N. Gilbert, postmaster
(Charles F. Hitchcock, assistant) ; and the other at the Furnace,
April 1, 1875, Benjamin F. Paige, postraaster. The long-con
tinued service of these several officers indicates faithfulness on
their part and the approbation of their fellow-citizens.
For several years before tbe establishraent of the post-office,
newspapers, and very probably letters occasionally, had been
brought into tbe town by post-riders, who resided here, and trav
elled, on horseback, <mce a week, to Worcester and back, and
also to Northampton and back again, — each trip occupying two
LITERARY HISTORY. 259
days. The earliest of these, whose name I have ascertained, was
Eleazar Barrows, whose family resided in New Salera, though he
died here, AprU 15, 1803, aged 58.^ He announced his retire
ment from business, April 24, 1799, in the " Massachusetts Spy " :
" Eleazar Barrows informs his friends and customers that he has
disposed of his route to Abraham White of Hardwick, who he is
confident will be punctual in his business, and that the terms will
be as usual. Said Barrows, sensible of the liberal support he has
had from raany of his customers, returns them his warraest
thanks. And those who have been in arrears and still remain
so, he flatters himself that this warning (being the last that will
lay in his power to give them) will rouse them to a sense of their
duty : for why will ye be sued ? O, ye delinquent ones." I find
no further trace of "Abraham White of Hardwick." But in
January, 1803, George W. Webb, also of Hardwick, comraenced
his service in the sarae capacity, and six raonths later addressed
to his customers a moving exhortation : " George W. Webb,
news-carrier from Worcester to Northarapton, inforras his cus-
toraers, that it is now six months since he began to supply them
with news. He hopes he has given satisfaction to all, in the line
of his business. He wishes those who are indebted to him to
make an iraraediate settlement ; they must reraeraber that with
out the refreshing showers from heaven, the corn raust wither on
the stalk." 2
Soon after this date the post-office was established ; but
whether Mr. Webb became the first mail-carrier, I know not. I
do remember, however, that for several years the mail was car
ried by the post-rider, and that the service was perforraed on
horseback. Afterwards, until 1818, a wagon, drawn by one
horse, was used, affording opportunity to accommodate a single
passenger. One' of the latest professional post- riders was Nathan
Reed, Jr., who left the service under a cloud, and who was the
only one suspected of dishonesty, so far as my knowledge ex
tends. He advertised, June 16, 1816, that he " wUl have rode
six months as Post on the 26th instant, up to which time he re
quests payment." ^
In 1818, Cyrus Stockwell made a vast improvement in the
mail service. He had advertised, February 25, 1818,* that six
months' service as post-rider would expire on the llth of March ;
1 "Died at Hardwick, Eleazar Bar- ^ A/ass. /S/iy, June 29, 1803.
rows, formerly Post-rider from this office." ' Ibid., June 26, 1816.
Mass. Spy, April 27, 1803. * Mass. Spy.

260 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
and on the 26th of May he gave notice ^ that he would immedi
ately coramence running a Mail Stage from Worcester, through
Hardwick, to Northampton, once a week; to leave Worcester
every Wednesday, at 9 o'clock A. M., and arrive at Hardwick
the same day and at Northampton every Thursday afternoon ; to
leave Northampton every Friday at 8 A. M., and arrive at Hard
wick on the same day ; and to leave Hardwick every Tuesday at
8 A. M., and arrive at Worcester on the same day. In other
words, the mail stage was to run from Hardwick to Worcester
every Tuesday, and return on Wednesday, and to Northampton
every Thursday, and return on Friday.
The next raaterial improvement was made after the present
Boston and Albany Railroad was opened as far as West Brook
field. The mail was then carried for several years from West
Brookfield to Hardwick by Mr. WiUiam C. Wesson, who ran a
two-horse mail-coach between the two towns, daily, from July 1,
1845, to April 12, 1858. He was succeeded by others, until the
cars commenced running on the Ware River Railroad, from
Palraer to Gilbertville, in 1870. Since that time the mails have
been brought into Hardwick by steam power, and each of the
three post-offices receives at least a daily mail.
Centennial Celebration. At a town meeting, April 2,
1838, it was " Voted to celebrate the Centennial Anniversary
of the incorporation of the town ; Voted, that the selectraen be
a Board of Managers to conduct and manage said celebration ;
Voted, that the selectmen be requested to fix on a day for said
celebration as near the date of said anniversary as can con
veniently be done." The Board of Managers selected November
15, 1838, as the appropriate day for the celebration ; but for
what reason I know not. The anniversary of the incorporation
did not occur until January 10 (or, allowing eleven days for
change of style, January 21), 1839. Perhaps it was anticipated
that the weather would be more propitious in November than in
January ; but the event proved otherwise. On the day of the
celebration I think more rain fell than on any other day during
that year. Despite this inclemency, however, a goodly number
assembled, and, omitting the intended preliminary ceremonies,
made their way, as best they could, to the old meeting-house,
where for the next four hours they exhibited the most praise
worthy patience and forbearance. An account of the celebra-
1 Mass. Spy.

LITERARY HISTORY. 261
tion, written by Dr. Joseph Stone, was published in the " Barre
Gazette," November'23, 1838. A commendable local pride and a
generous friendship to the orator of the day may have imparted
a somewhat roseate tint to the picture ; but I venture to insert it,
as the only contemporaneous description of the Centennial Cele
bration which is known to exist : —
"Centennial Celebration at Hardwick.
" The day assigned for this celebration, Thursday, the 15*"
instant, was peculiarly unfavorable. With the exception of a
short period, from ten to eleven o'clock A. M., the rain fell copi
ously through the day. In consequence of this, many were pre
vented frora attending, and many of the previous arrangements
could not be carried into effect.
"A procession of citizens only was formed at the Brick
Church, and, attended by a fine band of music, the members of
which were mostly from Barre, proceeded to the old meeting
house, where the following exercises were attended to : —
" P*. Music ; the lOO*'' of Watts' Psalms. Tune, Denraark.
" 2'*. Introductory Prayer, and reading selections frora the
Scriptures, by Rev. John Goldsbury.
" 3'*. Music ; the 408*'' Hymn of Greenwood's collection.
Tune, St. Martin's. Read in beautiful style, line by line, by
Deacon Josiah C. Chandler, and sung in that manner by the
choir. " 4*''. Prayer, by Rev. Mr. Goldsbury.
" 5*". Music ; Hyran by Flint, the 555'" of Greenwood's coUec
tion. " 6*". Address, by Rev. Lucius R. Paige.
" 7*". Concluding Prayer, by Rev. Nelson B. .lones, of the
Baptist Church in Hardwick.
I " 8*". Music ; Anthem, ' O, come, let us sing unto the Lord.'
"9*". Benediction.
" Notwithstanding the unpleasant state of the weather, the
large meeting-house was well filled by an attentive and gratified
auditory. " After the services about one hundred citizens and ladies sat
down to an excellent repast furnished by Mr. S. A. Smith. A
gentleman from Hampden County, who was probably unused to
the style in which such things are done in this vicinity, assured
the writer of this article that he considered the entertainment
superior to any he had ever before witnessed.

262 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
"The people of Hardwick are much indebted to the ef
forts of Mr. Moses Mandell, a native of that town, but now a
resident in Barre, for the excellence of the musical performances
by the choir.
" The devotional exercises, and especiaUy the introductory
prayer, were peculiarly appropriate and impressive.
" In delivering his address, Mr. Paige occupied two hours and
fifty minutes. Perhaps higher praise cannot be given it than by
saying that a large and promiscuous audience, going without
their dinners to a late hour in the afternoon, and with a prospect,
which was fully realized, of a .dark and stormy night to travel
home in, were nevertheless so highly entertained as to show no
marks of impatience, but continued in rapt and undivided atten
tion to the close. He described the purchase of the township
from the Indians, and disclosed all that could now be known of
tbe early history of the town, frora the tirae when its northern
most inhabitant had no white settler between hira and Canada to
the tirae of the incorporation of the town, and gave a hasty
sketch of the most prorainent particulars in its history frora that
period to the present ; and closed with an eloquent appeal to the
inhabitants in behalf of their shorn and neglected centre burying
ground. Arrangeraents have been raade for printing the address;
and its appearance frora the press will be anxiously looked for
by many, both of those who heard, as well as those who did not
hear it.
" It is believed that the people separated with the conviction
irapressed on their minds, that the contemplation of the bard-
ships and the sufferings, of the piety and the patriotisra, of their
excellent forefathers, was a much purer and nobler employment,
and left rauch raore pleasing emotion on the mind, than could
result from either successful or unsuccessful electioneering efforts.
"S."
At the request of the hearers, the Address was published with
an appendix, in a paraphlet of 76 pages, octavo. It was prepared
under serious disadvantages, — a principal one of which was a
lack of time to verify certain traditions received from the " oldest
inhabitants," and to examine the original authorities for currently
reported facts. For this and other reasons, several errors occurred
in the printed copy, the more important of which are corrected
in this volume.

CHAPTER XIV.
military HISTORY.
French War. — Brigadier Ruggles. — Muster RoUs. —Revolutionary War. —
Minute-Men. — General Warner. — Lieutenant-Colonels Rice and Sears. —
Muster Rolls. — Descriptive Rolls. — Petition of Shearjashub Goodspeed. —
War of 1812. — Abortive Attempt to enlist Volunteers. — Political Celebra
tion of Independence. — Oration. — Toasts. — War of the Rebellion. —
Hardwick Soldiers. — Officers of Militia.
The political action of the town in seasons of warfare has been
described heretofore. It reraains that the personal service of in
dividuals should be mentioned. Except the sanguinary struggle
at Winnimisset, in 1675, and the hand-to-hand conflict near the
same spot, about half a century later, briefly related in Chapter
I., the inhabitants of this territory were not engaged in actual
hostilities until what is sometiraes denominated the " old French
War," commenced in 1744.' In this war, Hardwick contributed
one victim, Sarauel Abbott, who was killed at Fort Massachu
setts, August 2, 1748. He was a raember of Captain Ephraim
Williams' company.
In the " French War " which followed, comraenciiig in 1753,
though not formally declared until 1756, Hardwick furnished its
full quota of officers and privates. The raost conspicuous officer
hailing from this town was Timothy Ruggles,^ who having al
ready been commissioned colonel of the regiment of railitia which
embraced this town within its limits, entered the array as a
colonel in 1755, was promoted to the office of brigadier-general,
1 A military force, however, had been Warner. Moreover, the commander of
constantly employed, since " Queen the regiment to which Hardwick be-
Anne's War," to protect the frontiers longed resided here : Brigadier Ruggles,
against the incursions of the Indians, in- as the custom then was, retained the com-
stigated and encouraged hy the French. mand of his regiment ; Lieutenant-Colo
ns It is worthy of remark, that in the nel Stephen Rice, who was elected April
French War, the Revolutionary War, and 10, 1776, was the commander, afterthe
the Shays Rebellion, the military com- resignation of Colonel Converse in 1778,
mander, highest in rank in this county, until 1781, when Colonel Timothy Paige
resided in Hardwick, namely. Brigadier- was elected, who remained in office dur-
Gen ral Ruggles and Major - General ing the Shays Insurrection.

264

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

and served faithfully until the close of the war.^ Among his
staff officers, inhabitants of Hardwick, were Samuel Robinson,
Jr., adjutant, 1757 ; Challis Safford, surgeon, 1757 ; and Challis
Safford and Joel Carpenter, surgeons' mates, 1759.
Next to Brigadier Ruggles in prominence among Hardwick of
ficers was Captain Samuel Robinson, who commanded a company
in every carapaign frora 1755 to 1759 inclusive, with perhaps a
single exception. His muster-roll from March 27 to December
26, 1765, includes thirty-eight Hardwick names, to wit : —

Samuel Robinson, Captain.
William Paige, Lieutenant.
Eleazar Rice, Ensign.
John Blunt, Sergeant.
David Doane, Sergeant.
Ebenezer Whipple, Sergeant.
Richard Ellis, Clerk.
William Wood, Corporal.
Edward Blair, Corporal.
Isaac Gibbs, Corporal.
Thomas Barnes, Corporal.
Philip Safford, Drummer."
David Aiken.
Simeon Bacon.
Jason Badcock.
Nathan Billings.
Oliver Cobleigh.
Jonas Fay.
Joseph Gilbert.'

John Green.
Larkin Green.
Thomas Johnson.
Edmund Jordan.
¦ John Jordan.
Jacob Knowlton.
Phinehas Powers.
Moses Seaver.
Job Smith.
Nathaniel Sprout.
Daniel Stearns.*
Thomas Stevens.
Elkanah Stewart.
Seth Stewart.
William Stone.
Bartholomew Taylor.
James Taylor.
Pelatiah Ware.
James Whipple.

This company was engaged in the sanguinary battle near Lake
George, on the Sth of September, 1755, and Sergeants Blunt and
Whipple, Corporal Gibbs, and privates John Green and Bartholo-

1 The value of his service was recog
nized hoth by the provincial and by the
royal government. By an act of the Gen
eral Court, January 6, 1764, a farm in
Princeton was "granted to the Honour
able Timothy Ruggles, Esq., his heirs and
assigns forever, in testimony of the grate
ful sense this Court has of the important
services the Grantee rendered his Country
in the late war ; more particularly while
Commander-in-Chief of the Troops of this
Province, furnished for the reduction of
Canada." A few years later he received
from the British government an office.

probably designed in part as a reward for
the same service. " We hear there are
new appointments for Surveyors of his
Majesty's Woods in North America. . . .
Hon. Brigadier Ruggles for this Province
and the northern parts of Nova Scotia,
. . . with salaries of £300 sterling, per
annum, each." Boston News Letter, Octo
ber 11, 1770.
^ Philip Safford was drum-major in
1757, and lieutenant in 1759.
= Died November 4, 1755.
* Daniel Stearns died in service, No
vember 4, 1755.

?

MILITARY HISTORY.

265

mew Taylor, were killed ; on the next day. Corporals Wood and
Blair were promoted to the rank of sergeants, and Edmund Jor
dan, Jacob Knowlton, and James Whipple were made corporals,
to supply vacancies caused by death and promotion.
In the campaign from February 18 to December 24, 1756,
Captain Robinson commanded a company in which were Hard
wick men (with their ages indicated by the figures in parentheses),
as follows : —
Samuel Robinson, Captain (48).
Ezekiel Pratt, Ensign (37).
Jonas Fay, Clerk (20).
Philip Safford, Drummer (20).
Benjamin Whipple, Sergeant (30).
Jacob Knowlton, Sergeant. (27).

Joshua Farr (21).^^
Benjamin Goddard (19).
Dudley Jordan (20).°
Edmund Jordan (45).*
Amos Marsh (22).
Joseph Nichols (18).
Isaiah Pratt (35).^
Samuel Robinson, Jr. (17).
Samuel Stewart (18).°
Seth Stewart (20).'
Nathaniel Winslow (23). .
Seth Winslow, Jr. (20).

David Gitchell, Sergeant (21).
Samuel Atwood (30).
Daniel Billings (28).
Samuel Church (40) .^
Samuel Dexter (21).
James Doane (26).
It does not appear that Captain Robinson performed regular
service in the field during the campaign of 1757 ; but he was not
idle. The records of the Council show that provision was made
to pay " to Captain Samuel Robinson the sum of £245, for
ninety-eight raen, and the sum of £ 9 15. 6. for his expenses in en-
Usting said men." ^ And in the pay-roll of Colonel Timothy
Ruggles, in the expedition for the relief of Fort WUliam Henry,
is found the name of Samuel Robinson, captain.®
The regular muster-roll of Captain Robinson's company for the
campaign from March 13 to December 1, 1758, is not found ; but
a descriptive roll, omitting the officers, contains eighteen Hard
wick names : — James Pay.
Jonas Fay.
Watson Freeman.
David Gitchell.
8 Council Records, April 19, 1758. See
next note.
8 No allowance was made to Captain
Robinson for travel, indicating that his
service was rendered near home, probably
in enUsting the " ninety-eight men " for
the relief of Fort WiUiam Henry in Au
gust, 1757.

David Allen.
Oliver Cobleigh.
Samuel Dexter.
Daniel Fay.
1 Died in service.
2 Died October 2, 1756.
3 Died December 6, 1756.
* Died November 18, 1756.
5 Died October 26, 1756.
6 Died November 18, 1756.
^ Died November 6, 1756.

266 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
David Glazier. John Roberts.
Isaiah Glazier. James Robinson, Jr.
Stephen Gorham. Samuel Robinson, Jr.
Daniel Hastings. Philip Safford.
Jacob Hastings. James Whipple.
For this military duty in 1758, the Council raade provision to
pay " to Capt. Samuel Robinson and Company the sum of £1422
3s. 7c?., for their service on the intended expedition against
Canada, under the comraand of General Abercroraby, to dis
cbarge the Muster Roll, beginning the 13'" day of March 1758,
and ending the 1=' day of Deceraber following." ^
There is sirailar proof of sirailar service in 1759, but the Muster
Roll has disappeared. The Council passed an order to pay " to
Capt. Samuel Robinson and Company for their service in the
expedition against Canada under General Amherst the sum of
£908 10s. 6d., to discharge their Muster RoU beginning the 31'*
day of May 1759, and ending the 24"' day of December fol
lowing." 2
Captain William Paige, who had served as lieutenant of Cap
tain Robinson's company in 1755, comraanded a corapany, from
May 31 to Deceraber 24, 1759,^ composed of officers and sol
diers belonging to several towns. The commissioned officers
were : — William Paige, of Hardwick, Captain.
Cornelius Stowell, of Worcester, First Lieutenant.
James Henderson, of Rutland, Second Lieutenant.
William Ward, of Worcester, Ensign.
The following Hardwick names are found : —
Elisha Cobb, Corporal. Lemuel Cobb.
Samuel Billings. Zurishaddai Doty.
Joseph Chamberlain. Jonas Paige.
John Cobb. Shubael Winslow.
From March 11 to December 29, 1760, Captain Paige com
manded a company, coraposed, like the other, of officers and
men residing in several towns, and including seven Hardwick
names : —
1 Council Records, January 31, 1759. commanded a company at an earlier
2 Ibid., February 26, 1760. date; but no muster roll of such service
" Captain Paige is supposed to have is found.

MILITARY HISTORY.

267

William Paige, Captain.
Samuel Hedge, Corporal.^
Edward Foster.
David Glazier.

Isaiah Glazier.
Jonas Paige.
David Weeks.

Captain Ebenezer Cox, of Wrentham, commanded a corapany
during the campaigns of 1758, 1759, 1760, and, probably, in
1761.^ He then removed to Hardwick, and from March 4, to
December 19, 1762, coraraanded a corapany, in which were Hard
wick men, to wit : —

Ebenezer Cox, Captain.
Daniel Hastings, Corporal.
David Aiken.
Samuel Billings.
John Cobb.
Lemuel Cobb.
Thomas Freeman.
Stephen Gorham.

John Haskell.
John McSwain.
Caleb Nye.
Benjamin Raymond.
John Raymond.
Joel Simonds.
Nathaniel Whitcomb.
James Winslow.

To the foregoing persons should be added regimental staff-
officers, namely : —
Samuel Robinson, Jr., Adjutant. Challis Safford, Surgeon.
Elisha Hedge, Commissary. Joel Carpenter, Surgeon's Mate.
Besides these were others who performed similar service under
captains who did not reside in Hardwick, to wit : —

Stephen Fay, Sergeant.
Ebenezer Safford, Sergeant.
Samuel Winslow, Sergeant.
Isaac Clark, Corporal.
Ebenezer Lyscomb, Corporal.
Timothy Abbott.
Abel Benjamin.
Elisha Church.
Richard Church.
Dan (a negro).
Ichabod Dexter.
Joshua Elwell.
Caleb Green.
Zachariah Haskell.
1 Samuel Hedge died September 11,
1760. 2 Captain Cox, probably, rendered ser
vice before 1758, perhaps in a subordinate
station. His epitaph asserts that he

Richard Hatch.
Simeon Hazeltine.
Samuel Hunt.
Ebenezer Lawrence.
Benjamin Mann.
William Merrick.
Peter Ott.
Joseph Petrell.
Timothy Sauge (or Sogg).
John Train.
Holland Weeks.
Paul Whipple.
James Whitcomb.'

" In six campaigns intrepid trod the field,
Nor to the Gallic Power would ever yield."
3 James Whitcomb, aged 23, was in
General Winslow's army, in the Eastern
Expedition, and was kUled in July, 1755,

268

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

All the persons before-mentioned are enrolled as officers and
soldiers in the regular army for one or more campaigns. In addi
tion to these, two whole companies were in the field, for shorter
periods, on special occasions. One of these companies was in the
Crown Point Expedition, from September 20 to December 5,
1756, namely : —

Paul Mandell, Captain.
Nathan Stone, Lieutenant.
Noah MandeU, Ensign.^
Timothy Newton, Clerk.
James Fay, Sergeant.
Solomon Aiken, Sergeant.
Silas Bowker, Sergeant.
Samuel Steele, Corporal.
Nathaniel Merrick, Corporal.
Joseph Higgins, Corporal.
Henry Chase, Corporal.
Eliphalet Ayers.
James Bacon.
David Barr.
Abel Benjamin.
Edward Blair.
Jotham Bruce.
Jonas Butterfield.
Isaiah Carpenter.
Lemuel Cobb.
Ebenezer Cummings.
Elijah Cummings.
Ebenezer Curtis.
John Fay.

Watson Freeman.
Solomon Gilbert.
Samuel Harrington.
Zachariah Haskell.
Jacob Hastings.
Elisha Hedge, Jr.
Joseph Hinds.
Seth Hinkley.
Sylvanus Howe.
David Marble.
Nathan Marble.
Benjamin Negus.
Daniel Parkhurst.
John Paige.
Jonas Paige.
Ephraim Rice.
Oliver Rice.
Whiting Ruggles.
Timothy Sauge.
James Whipple.
Asa Whitcomb.
Nathaniel Whitcomb, Jr.
Thomas White.

Another company marched, August 9, 1757, as far as Kinder-
book, for the relief of Fort William Henry.

Joseph Warner, Captain.
Joseph Ruggles, Lieutenant.
Ezra Leonard, Ensign.
Silas Newton, Clerk.
Stephen Fay, Sergeant.
as mentioned in the manuscript diary of
Surgeon John Thomas : " July y' 25,
A. D. 1775. I lodged at Fort Lawrance.
Lieut. Willson came from Gauspereau,
bringing an account that one of Capt.
Cobb's men were killed, passing from y"
foart to y' vilige on his hors ; he and his

John Aiken, Sergeant.
Jonathan Farr, Sergeant.
Elisha Billings, Sergeant.
Solomon Aiken, Corporal.
Samuel Bridge.
hors ware both killed; his name was
Whitcum ; he came from Hardwicke.
Colonel Munckton ordered Major Bourn
out with 200 men to Gauspereau, to
inquire into the affair."
1 Noah Mandell was promoted to the
ofSce of lieutenant, October 29, 1756.

MILITARY HISTORY.

269

Joseph Chamberlin.
Richard Church.
Timothy Church.
Silas Dean.
Thomas Elwell.
John Fay.
Jonas Fay.
Aaron Forbush.
Joseph Higgins.
Thomas Johnson.
John Paige.
John Paige, Jr.

Timothy Pike.
Abraham Powers.
William Powers.
Oliver Rice.
Solomon Rice.
Leonard Robinson.
Daniel Warner.
Elijah Warner.
Thomas Weeks.
Asa Whitcomb.
Shubael Winslow.

During the Revolutionary War, Hardwick furnished its full
quota of officers and soldiers. In anticipation of its coraraence
ment, as heretofore related, the whole military force was organ
ized under officers elected by the town, including a company of
" minute men," of whom the first captain was Jonathan War
ner ; he was iraraediately elected colonel, and becarae brigadier-
general February 13, 1776, and major-general June 28, 1781,
in which office he served his country faithfully until the end of
*the war, and during the Shays Insurrection. The company of
" minute men," under a new captain, promptly reported for
duty at Cambridge iraraediately after the memorable 19th day
of AprU, 1775. The members of this company who responded
to the call were : —

Simeon Hazeltine, Captain.
Josiah Locke, Lieutenant.
Ebenezer Washburn, Lieutenant.
Barnabas Sears, Sergeant.
Denison Robinson, Sergeant.
Stephen Gorham, Sergeant.
Moses Whitcomb, Sergeant.
John Raymond, Corporal.
Adnah Bangs.
Nathan Bangs.
John Butler.
Nathan Carpenter.
Edward Chaloner.
\ Isaac Clark.
Uriah Converse.
} Jabez Cobb.
I, Paul Dean.
' Samuel Dexter.

John Dunsmore.
Simon Fletcher.
Edmund Freeman.
Stephen Fuller.
Shearjashub Goodspeed.
Jonathan Hastings.
John Hedge.
Edmund Hodges.
Aaron Hudson.
Solomon Johnson.
Philip Jordan.
John Kinney.
Ebenezer Lawrence.
James Lawton.
Nathan Leonard.
Moses Mandell.
Caleb Nye.
Joseph Nye.

270

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Prince Nye.
James Paige, 2d.
Jesse Paige.
Timothy Paige,
William Paige, Jr.
Josiah Perkins.
Elisha Pike.
Samuel Pike.
Edmund Rawson.
Isaac Rice.
Henry Rixford.
Josiah Roberts.
Joseph Robinson.
Thomas Robinson, Jr.
Benjamin Ruggles.

Edward Ruggles.
Nathaniel Ruggles.
Samuel Ruggles.
Thomas Ruggles.
Steward Southgate.
Daniel Thomas.
Ephraim Titus.
Joseph Washburn.
Joseph Weeks.
Judah Weeks.
John Wheeler.
Adam Willis.
David Witt.
James Wright.
Thomas Martin Wright.

Of these sixty-four persons, twenty-one immediately enlisted
in the " Continental Army ; " and of the forty-three others, at
least thirty rendered service, sooner or later, in the same army.
Captain Hazeltine was among tbe first to organize a company,
consisting chiefly of Worcester County men, to serve three
months from May 1, 1775. The roll, exhibited at Roxbury,
June 10, containing fifty-nine names, included thirteen belonging
to Hardwick, namely : —

Simeon Hazeltine, Captain.
John Raymond, Sergeant.
Prince Haskell, Drummer.
Seth Babbitt.
John Butler.
Edmund Freeman.
Ebenezer Luce.

Joseph Nye.
Josiah Perkins.
Daniel Rice.
Ebenezer Sprout.
Nathaniel Sprout.
Ephraim Titus.

It has already been mentioned that in reorganizing the militia
with reference to the impending outbreak of hostilities, the town
elected Sarauel Billings, Jr., as captain " for the south side of the
town," Noveraber 21, 1774. When the first blow was struck on
the meraorable nineteenth day of April, he immediately enlisted
a corapany consisting of fifty-nine persons, fifty-seven of whom
were Hardwick men, to serve eight months from May 4, 1775,
to wit : —

Samuel Billings, Jr., Captain.
Barnabas Sears, Lieutenant.
Stephen Gorham, Ensign.

John Hanmer, Sergeant.
Steward Southgate, Sergeant.
Abraham Chamberlin, Sergeant.

MILITARY HISTORY.

271

Caleb Nye, Sergeant.
Adnah Bangs, Corporal.
Aaron Hudson, Corporal.
Joseph Weeks, Corporal.
Thomas M. Wright, Corporal.
Shubael Wilder, Drummer.
Moses Doty, Fifer.
Solomon Aiken.
Jedediah Bassett.
John Batchelder.
Joshua Boyden.
Nathan Carpenter.
Moses Chamberlin.
Edward Church.
James Crossman.
Daniel Evans.
Aaron Fay.
Simon Fletcher.
Philip Freiker.
John Giffin.
Benjamin Glazier.
Shearjashub Goodspeed.
Jonathan Hastings.
Elisha Hedge, Jr.
Henry Higgins.
Antipas Howe.

Philip Jordan.
Joseph Loring.
Marshall Miller.
William Merrick.
Reuben Ned.
Stephen Newton.
Timothy Newton.
Isaac Otis.
Joseph Pike.
John Plant.
Levi Pratt.
Stephen Pratt.
Moses Rice.
Josiah Roberts.
Jesse Safford.
Reuben Snow.
Thomas Spooner.
Zephaniah Spooner.
Robert Sprout.
Ephraim Thayer.
Daniel Thomas.
Ephraim Tucker.
David Weeks.
Edmund Willis.
Job Winslow.

Samuel Dexter, a member of the company of " minute-men,"
having enlisted a company at a later day, was comraissioned
captain Deceraber 10, 1775. " A Muster Roll of Capt. Samuel
Dexter's Militia Company in Col. Learned's Regiment, frora
Hardwick, New Braintree, and Oakham, for their travel from
and to home, at one penny a mile, — Roxbury Carap, January,
A. D. 1776," contains the following Hardwick naraes: —

Samuel Dexter, Captain.
Thomas Robinson, Jr., Sergeant.
Samuel French, Corporal.
Atwood Aiken.
John Aiken.
Nathaniel Aiken.
Jonathan Childs.
Uriah Converse.
Nathan Crosby.
Paul Crowell.

Thomas Crowell.
Seth Dean.
Daniel Fay, Jr.
Alexander Forbush.
Jonathan Glazier.
Thomas Haskell.
Asa Hedge.
Moses Hunt.
Jesse Ken ney.
Moses Mandell.

272 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
George Paige, Jr. Thomas Ruggles.
Jesse Paige. John Wheeler.
Timothy Paige, Jr. Jacob Whipple.
Lemuel Ruggles.
Barnabas Sears, sergeant of rainute-raen, and lieutenant under
Captain Billings, was captain in February, 1776, was elected
major June 26, 1776,^ and was styled Lieutenant-Colonel Com
mandant in a roll of field officers dated 1781. The roll of his
company, at the Dorchester Camp, February 15, 1776, contained
fourteen Hardwick names, to wit : —
Barnabas Sears, Captain. Israel Lawton.
Consider Eddy. John Lawton.
Nathan Foster, Jr. William Merrick.
John Gorham. Reuben Ned.
Andrew HaskeU. Nathaniel Paige.
Moses Haskell. Daniel Buggies.
Solomon Hedge. Zephaniah Spooner.
In June, 1777, General Warner was appointed to command an
expedition to St. John's River, N. S. His acceptance exhibits
both his patriotism and his modesty : " May it please your
Honors. By tbe direction of your Honors, the Secretary has
acquainted rae of ray appointment as Brigadier General to com
mand the Forces destined to St. Johns in Nova Scotia, and re
quires my immediate answer. I could wish a person of more
experience had been raade choice of, as your Honors raust be
sensible that railitary knowledge and experience is highly neces
sary in an undertaking of this iraportance, and the Uttle op
portunity I have had to qualify myself for so important an
affair. But since it has pleased your Honors to appoint rae to
coramand in this Expedition, I will exert my poor abilities, and
endeavor to deserve the honor conferred on your Honors' most
obedient humble servant. Jon*. Warner. Boston, June 25*^,
1777. To the Honorable Board." 2
1 " The House made choice by ballot « Barnabas Sears, Major.
of the following Gentlemen as Field Offi- .< j^, CouncU, Read and Concurred "
cers for the Battalion to be raised in the This battalion was destined to serve in
County of Worcester for the continental New York; and the proportion allotted
service, agreeable to a Resolve which to Hardwick was thirty-eight. See Gen-
passed the House yesterday, vi* : ^,.^1 Court Records, June 26 1 776.
" Jonathan Holman, CoK a Mass. Archives; cxcvii. 198.
" Paul Raymond, Lt. Colo.

MILITARY HISTORY. 273
Before this expedition was fully organized, however, the ad
vance of General Burgoyne on the northern frontier created
widespread alarm, and urgent appeals for aid were issued by the
civil and military authorities. Among these was a letter frora
Colonel Seth Warner, still on file in the Mass. Archives, cxcvii.,
321. On its receipt. General Warner forwarded it by express
to the Council of this State : — " To the Hon''^* Council of the
State of the Massachusetts Bay : Gentleraen, I have this minute
received an express from CoP. Warner which I thought it my
duty to forward to your Honors iraraediately. Accordingly I
thought it expedient to issue out orders for every sixth raan in
my Brigade to march to the assistance of CoP. Warner, by the
way of Bennington, and desire your Honors would give direction
in the matter as you shall think proper. As I have orders to
raarch on an expedition to St. John's River, in Nova Scotia, your
Honors will determine what is most expedient in the present
distressing circumstances of affairs.^ I am your Honors' most
obedient hurable servant, JoN"^- WARNER. Hardwick, July 22,
1777, at 11 o'clock at night."
The detachraent from General Warner's brigade marched
within a few days, one company of which was comraanded by
Captain Edmund Hodges, one of the " minute-men," who had al
ready become captain of railitia. He was detached, with a por
tion of his company, to which were added officers and soldiers
from other towns. The corapany, thus formed, was attached to
the regiment of Colonel Job Cushing,^ and served in tbe North
ern Army from July 27 to August 29, 1777. The muster roll
included twenty-nine Hardwick naraes : —
Edmund Hodges, Captain. Atwood Aiken, Corporal.
Solomon Aiken, Sergeant. Oliver Bailey, Corporal.
Ebenezer Lyscom, Sergeant. Abraham Chamberlin.
Stephen Newton, Sergeant. William Chamberlin.
Daniel Fay, Jr., Corporal. Aaron Forbush.
I The Council directed General War- on the Alarm to Bennington," contains
ner, August 8, 1777, to disband the troops the names of Colonel Job Cushing, of
designed for the expedition to St. John's Shrewsbury ; Lieutenant Colonel Stephen
River, and on the next day appointed Rice, of Hardwick ; Major John Rand,
him to take command, as brigadier- of Westminster ; Major Joseph Bowman,
general, of aU the militia which had been of New Braintree. They condnued in
detached for the reinforcement of the service from July 25 until November 30,
Northern Army. and assisted in the capture of Burgoyne's
2"APayAbstractof the Staff Officers entire army, November 19, 1777. See
of Col. Job Cushing's Regiment of Mass. Muster Rolls, xxvi. 8, 10.
Bay Militia in Gen. Warner's Brigade,
18

274

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Nathan Freeman.
George Haskell.
Solomon Hedge.
Ephraim Hodges.
Moses Hunt.
Prince Jenney.
Philip Jordan.
Ezra Leonard, Jr.
Joslyn Munroe.
Timothy Newton.

Benjamin Ruggles.
Ephraim Ruggles.
Seth Ruggles.
Lewis Sweeting.
Gardner Wait.
Daniel Warner.
Elijah Washburn.
David Whipple.
Moses Whitcomb.

"A Pay RoU of Capt. Timothy Paige's Company, for going
to Bennington in an Alarm," and remaining in service from Au
gust 21 to August 31, 1777.1

Timothy Paige, Captain.
John Dunsmore, First Lieutenant.
Job Dexter, Second Lieutenant.
Thomas Robinson, Sergeant.
John Raymond, Sergeant.
Samuel Beals, Sergeant.''
Jonathan Hastings, Corporal.
Thomas Ruggles, Corporal.
Ephraim Thayer, Corporal.
Prince Haskell, Drummer.
George Paige, Jr., Fifer.
Captain William Paige, Cadet.
Captain Simeon Hazeltine, Cadet.
Lieutenant Elisha Billings, Cadet.
Lieutenant Ebenezer Washburn, Cadet.
Seth Babbitt.
William Bassett.
Daniel Billings.
Elijah Carpenter.
Thomas Crowell.
Isaac Cummings.
Barnabas Cushman.
Silas Dean.
Jedediah Fay.
George Field.
John Giffin.

Lemuel Gilbert.
Shearjashub Goodspeed.
John Gorham.
Uriah Higgins.
John Jenney.
Lerauel Johnson.
Seth Johnson.
Gideon Newton.
Prince Nye.
William Nye.
Jesse Paige.
David Pratt.
Freeman Sears.
Abijah Sibley.
Elisha Sibley.
Jesse Snow.
Jeduthun Spooner.
Zephaniah Spooner.
Joel Stratton.
Nathaniel Swift.
Daniel Thomas.
Ephraim Tucker.
Robert Tucker.
Edmund Willis.
Silas Willis.

Before the arrival of this company at Bennington, the party
1 Muster RoUs, xxii. 64. and deputy quartermaster general in 1787
2 Samuel Beals was Ueutenant in 1781, with the rank of major. '

MILITARY HISTORY. 275
detached by General Burgoyne had been defeated by the troops
under General Stark, at the famous Bennington Battle, August
16, 1777, and the danger of serious disaster had been averted.
But the main army of Burgoyne was still advancing. The vol
unteers had made no preparation for long service, and soon re
turned home. In this emergency, fresh levies of troops were
necessary for the public defence. The order of General Warner
to the commander of a regiment in his brigade has escaped de
struction, and remains on file in the Massachusetts Archives,
cxcviii. 127 : —
" Bennington, August 25, 1777. Sir, With grateful acknowl
edgments of your forwardness in turning out men for the assist
ance of the Army in the late alarming crisis, wherein we have
been favored with a surprising victory, but as the enemy are re
pulsed, and the men who came on the alarm cannot be prevailed
with to tarry till the last of November, I am to direct you to see
that every sixth raan in your Regiment, agreeable to the Resolves
of the General Court, be detailed and with all possible despatch
marched to join my Brigade in the Northern Army, now stationed
at this place, as those that turned out as volunteers are not, pre
pared to tarry so long, and it is very necessary that the General
Officers should know what number of men they have to depend
on, in order to plan proper measures for the further repelling of
the enemy. Therefore said Order of Court must be iraraediately
complied with. I am. Sir, yours &c., JoNf WARNER, B. G.
You will form the men detached from your Regiraent into Com
panies, as near as may be to Order of Court, and appoint proper
Officers to command the same, and order them to march with all
possible despatch. To Col. Abijah Stearns."
Nathan Leonard, one of the " minute-men," commanded a com
pany composed of Worcester County men, through the carapaign
from January 18, 1778 to January 1, 1779. The Hardwick
names were : —
Nathan Leonard, Captain. John Thayer.
John Harris, Sergeant. Samuel Thayer.
Josiah Green. Moses Winchester.
Andrew Haskell.
Daniel Shays, afterwards so conspicuous in the Insurrection in
1786, commanded a company during the campaign of 1778.
Although he was not a resident in Hardwick,^ I give him a place
1 At this time Captain Shays resided in Shutesbury ; he afterwards removed to
Pelham.

276

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

here, as the influence which he gained over his men at this time
may account for the adherence of some of them to him after
wards. His muster roll, dated Albany, February 9, 1778, con
tains eight Hardwick names : — ,

Daniel Shays, Captain.
Edward Chaloner, Ensign.
John Wheeler, Sergeant.^
John Plant, Corporal.
Shubael Wilder, Drummer.

Moses Doty, Fifer.
Joseph Hunt.
Elisha Pike.
Henry Rixford.

" A Pay Roll of Capt. Tiraothy Paige's Company, in CoP John
Rand's Regiment of Massachusetts Militia, raised for the defence
of the United States, agreeable to a Resolve of the Great and
General Court, bearing date June 22, 1780 ; raised for three
months, and did duty at West Point in the State of New York."
This company, which commenced service July 5, 1780, consisted
of one hundred and two men, of whom thirty were residents in
Hardwick : —

Timothy Paige, Captain.
Israel Lawton, Sergeant.
Israel Aiken.
John Aiken.
Ebenezer Barlow.
Joseph Barlow.
James Byram.
David Chamberlin.
Solomon Dennis.
John Earl.
John Gilbert.
Stephen Gorham.
Timothy Hathaway.
Job Hinkley.
John Hunt.

Elnathan Jenney.
Lemuel Johnson.
Gideon Newton.
Samuel Pike.
Peter Rice.
James Robinson.
Ephraim Ruggles.
Zephaniah Spooner.
James Sturtevant.
Jacob Terry.
John Thayer.
Samuel Thayer.
Isaiah Tower.
Abel Warner.
Silas Willis.

Many of the before-named soldiers served at other times, under
other commanders ; but I forbear the repetition of their names.
Besides these were others, who performed one or more terms of
service, under captains who were not resident in Hardwick, to
wit: —
1 John Wheeler was promoted to the the close of the campaign, and in 1786
office of quartermaster-sergeant before was aide-de-camp to General Shays.

MILITARY HISTORY.

277

Abraham Knowlton, Lieutenant.
Lemuel Leach, Ensign.
John Cobb, Sergeant.
Eli Freeman, Sergeant.
Silas Wright, Sergeant.
Jabez Elwell, Corporal.
Abisha Packard, Fifer.
Philip Amidon.
Jonathan Belding.
Phinehas Blood.
Joseph Boynton.
Joseph Byam.
Nathaniel Crowell.
Abijah Edson.
Thomas Edson.
Stephen Forbush.
Christopher Foreland.
Thomas Gilmore.
Bial Harrington.
John Hatch.
Samuel Hayford.
Samuel Hinkley.
Seth Hinkley.
Philemon Holden.
Sylvanus Hopkins.
David Hunt.
Samuel Huxford.
Stephen Johnson.
Thomas June.

Moses Lawrence.
Experience Luce.
Amos Mandell.
Calvin Marble.
Edward McMullen.
Constant Merrick.
Daniel Munden.
Ebenezer Nye.
Elias Nye.
Isaac Nye.
John Nye.
James Peirce.
William Raymond.
John Walker Robinson.
Cornelius Ryan.
Dennis Ryan.
John Ryan. _.
Roland Sears.
John Sellon.
Samuel Spooner.
Lemuel Swift.
Silas Town.
Thomas Tupper.
Jabez Upham.
Stephen Wait.
Ammiel Weeks.
Samuel Whipple.
Thomas W. White.
Thomas Winslow.

The following descriptive rolls, containing raany naraes which
have already been mentioned, and some which I have not found
on the muster rolls, seera to be of sufficient interest to have place
here. They are dated in 1778, 1779, 1780, and 1781 : —

May and June, 1778.

Age.

Height.

Complexion.

Israel Aiken . .

. 18

5 feet,

9 inches.

Dark.

Gideon Billings .

. 19

5

ii

6

a

Light.

Jonathan Childs .

. . 22

6

a

0

it

Dark.

Aaron Fay . . .

. 19

5

a

6

a

((

Jedediah Fay .

. . 23

5

((

6

a

Light.

Elnathan Jenney .

. 16

5

(f

6

(.

Dark.

Samuel Johnson .

. . 22

5

<£

6

a

Light.

Benjamin Ruggles .

. 23

5

ii

9

ii

u

Levi Wellman

. 19

5

ii

9

a

«

Seth Winslow .

. . 42

5

ii

8

ii

il

278

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

June, 1779.

Age.

Height.

Complexion

Joseph Marapin .

. 17

5 feet

, 5 inches.

Dark.

Gideon Newton .

. . 19

5

>f

9

ii

Light.

Foster Paige . .

. . 17

5

"

6

ii

((

Nathan Paige . .

. . 17

5

a

9

it

Dark.

Abner Perkins .

. 18

5

t(

8

ii

ii

Stephen Pratt

. 26

6

a

10

a

ii

Charles Spooner . .

. 16

5

a

0

tl

Light.

Robert Sprout

. 25

5

a

11

a

tt

Jonathan Warner .

. 16

5

a

3

ii

Dark.

December, 1779.

James Fay - . .
. 45
6
a
0
a
Light.
John Gorham . .
. 20
5
li
9
ii
K
Josiah Gorham .
. 18
5
a
6
ii
t(
July, 1780.
Joseph Barnard .
. 30
5
t(
5
a
Fresh.
Joseph Burgess . .
. 19
5
a
11
ii
Light.
David Chamberlin
. 19
5
il
5
ti
a
Luther Conant .
. 22
5
((
7
a
11
Shiverick Crowell
. 18
5
a
10
a
11
Ezra Doty . .
. 19
5
((
8
a
ct
Mark Elwell . .
. 17
5
a
9
tt
Dark.
Solomon Farr
. 17
5
ti
5
ct
Ruddy.
John Giffin . .
. 32
5
li
4
ii
Light.
Nathaniel Haskell
. . 18
5
U
8
ii
tc
Samuel Haskins .
. 21
5
li
9
a
Dark.
Noah Hatch . .
. 20 •
5
ii
10
ii
Ruddy.
Asa Hedge . .
. 24
5
il
7
ii
Light.
John Hedge . .
. . 28
5
il
9
a
Dark.
Ezra Hodges . .
. 18
5
li
4
ii
Light.
Benjamin Lemoine .
. 19
5
«
5
tt
Dark.
Ezra Leonard, Jr.
. 22
5
li
8
a
tt
John Marsh . .
. 19
5
U
6
ii
Fresh.
Josiah Roberts .
. 26
5
Ct
10
t(
Dark.
Nathan Sprout .
. 17
5
il
10
a
Light.
Samuel Sprout .
. . 20
5
il
11
ii
tt
Jonathan Stanwood
. 39
5
It
7
ii
Dark.
Heman Swift . .
. 19
5
u
10
ii
Light.
Ebenezer Washburn
. 46
6
((
1
a
o
(t
May, 1781.
James Bailey - .
. 18
5
it
2
a
Dark.
Zebulon Bassett .
. 23
5
il
5
a
Black.
Daniel Billings .
. . 16
5
it
3
ii
Light.
MILITARY HISTORY.

279

ige. 22

Height.
5 feet, 7 inches.

Complexion Black.

37

5

t(

6

tc

Dark.

18 16

5 5

tt ii

5 0

ii

Light. a

18

5

it

7

ii

ti

17

5

ii

8

ii

a

16

5

<t

0

a

Black.

22
30

5
5

tc

11 8

ii it

Light. ct

31

5

ti

8

ii

Dark.

17

5

tt

4

ti

Light.

May, 1781.
Cato Boston .
Luther Burgess
Zimri Dean
Asa Doty . .
Moses Fay
Silas Gorham
Jupiter Lee
Jonathan Nye
Jacob Terry .
Joseph Thomas
Nathan Weeks

To these may not improperly be added the names of Sylvanus
Brimhall, Jeremiah Campbell, Adonijah Dennis, Theophilus Hast
ings, and Captain Zenas Phinney, who rendered service while
residing elsewhere, and afterwards removed to Hardwick, where,
in their old age, they were enrolled as pensioners. Captain
Daniel Egery, of Dartmouth, and Captain Israel Trow, of Nor
ton, each commanded a company during one or more campaigns,
but spent their last days here.
Among the large number of soldiers furnished by this town,
it raust be supposed that sorae were killed, and that others lost
their health, or suffered other casualties. But the Muster Rolls,
unlike those of the French War, are almost entirely destitute of
information in this regard. There is preserved, however, in the
Massachusetts Archives, clxxxi ii. 405, a petition in regard to
a minor casualty, which may deserve insertion, as it exhibits the
character of a private soldier's outfit : —
" To the Hon. the Council and House of Representatives of
the State of the Massachusetts Bay. The petition of the sub
scriber humbly sheweth, that your petitioner, being a soldier in
Capt. Warner's Company in Col. Holman's Regiraent, when our
troops retreated out of New York, A. D. 1776, and being on
guard when the retreat began, your petitioner lost his pack, con
taining the following articles, viz. : —
One knapsack, @ 4«. One straight bodied all wool ¦>
coat, @ 60s. )
One jacket of broadcloth, lined with shalloon, @ 40s.
One pair of long woollen trowsers, @ 8s.
One blanket, @ 20s. 2 pair stockings, @ 6s.
One pair checked woollen shirts, @ 22s.

£3.

4.

0.

2.

0.

0.

0.

8.

0.

1.

12.

0.

1.

2.

0.

Total,

£8.

0.

280 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
These are, therefore, to pray the Honorable Court that the above
account raay be allowed, and your petitioner, as in duty bound,
will ever pray. SHEARJASHUB GOODSPBED.
" Hardwicke, Feb. 9, 1778."
A large majority of the inhabitants of Hardwick were po-
liticaUy opposed to the War of 1812, and no action in its favor
by the town is found on record. Personally, I remeraber that in
consequence of a military requisition, there was an asserably of
the militia in the spacious meeting-house, at which Major Thomas
Wheeler presided. I was one of the excited group of boys who
occupied the gallery, and witnessed the proceedings with intense
interest. Although opposed to the war. Major Wheeler, as a
good soldier, obeyed orders, and earnestly exhorted the soldiers to
volunteer for the public service. At the close of his speech, he
ordered a drummer to pass through the aisles, and invited volun
teers to " fall in." But, according to the best of my recollection,
only one soldier responded. Convers Cutler, Jr., followed the
drummer on his noisy march round and round the house many
times, but in vain. The attempt to procure volunteers was
abandoned, and resort was had to the draft. Of those thus com
pelled to enter the array I reraember only one, Jonathan Warner,
Jr., son of my father's nearest neighbor. He returned safely
after a short service, and subsequently removed to Hardwick,
Vt., where he died in a good old age. Araong the Hardwick
soldiers in that war should be included Jacob D. Rand, a native
of Charlestown, who resided here several years about the com
raenceraent of this century. Before the war, he enlisted as a
soldier in the United States array, in which capacity he served
until the surrender of General Hull, at Detroit, which act he al
ways regarded as cowardly, if not treacherous, and could never
speak of it except in language of indignation. After he was lib
erated, either by exchange or parole, he returned here, resuraed
business as a cabinet maker, and died October 8, 1840, aged 63.
A few weeks after the declaration of war, the Fourth of July
was celebrated here by an oration in the densely-packed raeeting-
house, and a dinner and toasts under a bower on the Coraraon.
The orator was the Rev. Festus Foster, of Petershara, who
sharply arraigned the Deraocratic party, represented by its great
leader, Jefferson, and his successor, Madison, as responsible for the
quarrel with England, which had resulted in war, — as he alleged
under the influence and for the special interest of Fi-ance. After

MILITARY HISTORY. 281
extolling the administration of Washington and Adams, the ora
tor proceeded to denounce the measures adopted by the oppos
ing party : —
" Mr. Jefferson's accession to the Presidency formed a new era
in our political history. . . . That system of policy under which
our nation had enjoyed unparalleled prosperity was discarded for
the abortive experiments of a visionary philosophy. The internal
taxes, which were laid to augment our naval establishment, were
suddenly repealed, and our ships dismantled and abandoned. For
our new philosophers considered a navy worse than useless ; and
a full treasury, lest it should tempt the cupidity of foreign na
tions, and involve us in war. . . . European nations srailed at
our folly, and seized our defenceless coramerce. Our merchants
petitioned to governraent for protection ; our government re
monstrated to the belligerents, who knew our weakness, and were
insulted. Under the pretext of avenging our wrongs and insults,
our whole coraraerce was suddenly annihilated ; many of our
merchants made bankrupts ; our searaen raade to beg their bread
or flee their country ; and the whole comraunity made poor in the
midst of plenty. That a measure, which injured us more than
all other nations, should be adopted and persevered in by our
governraent, against the loud remonstrances of half the nation,
is a mystery which yet remains to be explained, unless the hand
of Napoleon was there. . . . The Embargo was not only ap
proved by France after it was laid, but it was known in Paris
that such a measure was about to be adopted, before Mr. Jeffer
son recommended it to Congress. Can any one who impartially
views these facts doubt for a moment who originated and imposed
upon us that destructive system ? Do you wish to know who has
annihilated neutral commerce, and barred you from the ocean ?
Ask France. Do you wish to know why the iraportation of
British goods into these United States has been prohibited by
law ? Ask France. Do you wish to know why and by whora
you have been driven into a war with England ? Ask France.
Her continental system has becorae the basis of our raaritime
law. The Embargo, under which we so long groaned and now
groan, is her offspring. She dictates to us with whora we shall
make peace, with whom war. We bow submissively to her im
perious mandates, and yet contend that we are free."
The toasts, which followed the dinner, exhibit a simUar parti
san spirit : ¦' —
1 None of them, however, are quite so spicy as one which is said to have been

282 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
"The day we celebrate : It dissolved our union with Britain;
may it never witness our aUiance with France. — The memory
of Washington : Had not our rulers set at nought his counsels,
we had been at peace. — James Madison : It is not the most dis
tinguishing trait in his character, that he does wrong by design,
but that he should never do right by mistake. — His late Excel
lency Elbridge Gerry : Charity hopeth all things ; we therefore say
to the proscriptions and outrages of his last year's adrainistration,
his poverty, and not his wiU, consented. — His Excellency Caleb
Strong : At the call of his countryraen, he comes like Cincinna
tus, from the sweets of retireraent to correct the abuses of a mal
administration, and restore to the people their equal rights. —
The Hon. Timothy Pickering : A real patriot, ever faithful in
declaring those stubborn facts which Democrats dread to hear.
— Massachusetts : The first to resist the encroachments of foreign
despotisra, — raay she be the last to submit to the usurpation of
a domestic faction. — Thoraas Jefferson : He found our govern
ment ' in the full tide of successful experiment ; ' he left it ebb
ing to the common vortex of Republics. . . . The projected con
quest of Canada : The feats of Don Quixote shall no longer
excite laughter, nor his character want a parallel. . . . Modern
Democracy : it has bruised our heel ; let the next presidential
election break its head. — The United States of America : may
they remember from whence they have fallen, repent, and do
their first works." One volunteer toast may properly be ap
pended, concerning the " projected conquest of Canada," which,
if not strictly decorous, was at least pointed and suggestive:
President Madison : With both his feet in one stocking, and a
Canada thistle in his sraall-clothes."
Such is only a faint reflection of the intense political heat
which was raanifested by both Federalists and Deraocrats, before
and during the War of 1812. Within the next ten years it sub
sided entirely, and was succeeded by what was styled " The Era
of Good FeeUng."
Far different was the public sentiment at the comraenceraent
of the War of the RebeUion in 1861, and during its continuance
until 1865. With scarcely any exceptions, the inhabitants of
Hardwick, without distinction of party, rallied to the support of
offered by a zealous Democrat, in a and if God has n't a better opinion of
neighboring town, on a similar occasion : them than I have, he won't call them up
— ' The Federalists.' May they die and then."
be bnried, and sleep till the resurrection ;

MILITARY HISTORY. 283
the government, and promptly responded to all requisitions for
men and money. Side by side, and with equal patriotic ardor.
Republicans and Deraocrats marched to the frontiers, where they
rendered faithful service, and some of them sacrificed their lives
on their country's altar. The following list, gathered frora the
Adjutant General's official " Record of the Massachusetts Volun
teers," probably erabraces the names of nearly all the soldiers fur
nished by this town in the Massachusetts Line.
12th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
Names. Age. Date of Muster. Date of Discharge.
George H. Rolston .... 28 Sept. 22, 1862.
15th Eegiment Infantry {three years'), 1861.
Sanforth Botham .... 18 July 31, 1861. Dec. 17, 1862.
George W. Davis .... 18 Aug. 5, 1862. July 28, 1864.
Silas D. Marsh 1 .... 26 July 12, 1861. Sept. 17, 1862.
ISth Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
George W. CampbelP . . 21 Aug. 24, 1861. Jan. 25, 1862.
l^th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
Edward Dunn «  18 Jan. 9, 1865. Jan. 31, 1865.
August Ernst ^  28 Jan. 9, 1865. March 28,1866.
Henry Lewis  24 March 22, 1864.
John O'Brien  26 March 22, 1864.
Joseph Patrick  21 March 22, 1864. June 30, 1865.
Carl Rammelsburg .... 26 May 13, 1864. June 30, 1865.
Thomas M. Stanton ... 27 March 22, 1864.
20th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
Henry J. Coburn .... 20 July 5, 1864. July 16, 1865.
21st Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
George F. Lawrence ^ ... 21 July 19, 1861. Aug. 30, 1864.
Augustus T. Barnes «... 24 July 19, 1861. July 12, 1865.
Lauriston Barnes ' .... 22 Feb. 25, 1864. May 15, 1864.
1 Silas D. Marsh died at Antietam, ^ George F. Lawrence, promoted, sec-
Md., September 17, 1862. ond lieutenant, September 26, 1862 ; first
2 George W. Campbell died at Hall's lieutenant, March 6, 1863.
Hill, Va., January 25, 1862. ^ Augustus T. Barnes, transferred to
8 Edward Diinu died in the regimental 36th Regiment Infantry, January 2, 1864.
hospital, January 31, 1865. "< Lauriston Barnes, died of wounds,
* August Ernst deserted, March 28, May 15, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va.
1865.

284

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Names.
Barnes Brigham ¦' . .
William H. Cleveland ^
Marcus A. Emmons " .
Clark Hill . . . .
Benjamin F. Pease . .
Henry M. Sherman
OramelF. Thresher* .
Gilman E. Warner ^ .
Thomas Winn ' . . .
Hiram A. Wyman . .

Age. Date
24 July
21 July
21 July
31 Aug.
43 July
18 July
18 July
22 July
19 July
22 July

of Muster.
19, 186L
19, 1861.
19, 1861.
;. 19, 1861.
19,1861. 19, 1861.
19, 1861.
19, 1861.
19, 1861.
19, 1861.

Date of Discharge.
Dec. 15, 1864.
Aug. 19, 1863.
June 2, 1864.
Deserted.
May 8, 1862.
Jan. 2, 1864.
May 26, 1862.
Dec. 13, 1863.
July 12, 1865.
Aug. 30, 1864.

22d Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.

John Banti  22
William Brown  29
Francis Kenna  23
Thomas McGinnis .... 22
Michael Muldoon ''.... 42
David Pichitte  19
Philip Wagner  22

June 23, 1864.
June 23, 1864.
June 27, 1864.
June 27, 1864.
June 27, 1864.
June 23, 1864.
June 22, 1864.

June 29, 1865.

25th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
Hiram V. Moulton .... 32 Oct. 12, 1861. Jan. 2, 1864.

Adin P. Wetherbee

31 Sept. 21, 1861. Nov. 28, 1864.

2Gth Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.

Charles Edrnands

22 Jan. 10, 1865.

28tk Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861
March 25, 1864.
March 25, 1864.
March 25, 1864.
March 25, 1864.
March 25, 1864.

Henry Bigelow  22
Thomas Hunt  22
Edward Lunt 8  19
Malcolm McGregor ... 21
Thomas Shannon .... 23

June 30, 1865.
June 20, 1865.
April 23, 1864.
June 22, 1865.

ZOih Regiment Infantry {three years), 1861.
Edwin W. Hammond ... 25 Sept. 26, 1861. July 5, 1866.

1 Barnes Brigham transferred to 36th
Regiment Infantry, January 2, 1 864.
2 William H. Cleveland died at Wash
ington, D. C, August 19, 1863.
8 Marcus A. Emmons killed in battle at
Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 1864.
* Oramel E. Thresher died May 26,
1862.

^ Gilman E. Warner died at Camp
Nelson, liy., December 13, 1863.
^ Thomas Winn transferred to 36th
Regiment, January 2, 1864.
' Michael Muldoon transferred to 32d
Regiment Infantry, October 26, 1864.
8 Edward Lunt transferred to the
Navy.

MILITARY HISTORY.

286

Infantry {three years), 1862.

81st Regiment
Names.
Frank S. Knight, Sergeant ¦¦•
David D. Rogers, Corporal
Newell A. Bacon . .
Alonzo P. Brewer . .
Charles H. Chandler
John Devlin ....
Ebenezer W. Gleason ^
James H. Gleason^ . .
John L. Gore ....
Charles E. Mahar . .
John W. Parker* . .
Alden Rawson
George W. Richardson .
Joseph D. Richmond .
George W. Robinson ^ .
Alfred D. Ruggles ° . .
Eugene Southworth
Francis Spooner . . .
James B. T. Tupper' .
32c? Regiment Infantry {three years), 1862.
Frederick L. Taylor ^ ... 20 July 18, 1863. May 27, 1864.
Michael Muldoon .... 42 June 27, 1864. June 29, 1865.
33c? Regiment Infantry {three years), 1862.
Calvin C. Deane, Sergeant' . 25 Jan. 7, 1865.
34fA Regiment Infantry {three years), 1862.
William H. Tucker, Corporal 22 July 31, 1862. June 16, 1865.
Dwight Cleveland .... 18 July 31, 1862. July 16, 1865.
Samuel D. Peck " .... 25 July 31, 1862. Feb. 11, 1864.
Z6th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1862.
Barnes Brigham, Sergeant . 26 Jan. 2, 1864. Dec. 15, 1864.

i.ge.

Date of Muster.

Date of Discharge.

25

Nov. 20, 1861.

Jan. 10, 1863.

30

Feb. 9, 1864.

Sept. 9, 1865.

44

Dec. 15, 1861.

March 11, 1864

18

Nov. 20, 1861.

July 22, 1865.

21

Nov. 20, 1861.

Sept. 2, 1862.

25

Aug. 26, 1864.

Sept. 9, 1865.

43

Nov. 20, 1861.

Aug. 2, 1864.

36

Dec. 2, 1861.

Feb. 8, 1864.

26

Jan. 20, 1862.

Aug. 4, 1865.

18

Aug. 25, 1864.

Sept. 9, 1864.

18

Nov. 20, 1861.

Jan. 8, 1863.

18

Aug. 10, 1864.

Sept. 9, 1865.

24

Nov. 20, 1861.

Aug. 27, 1863.

21

Nov. 20, 1861.

Sept. 9, 1865.

22

Dec. 10, 1861.

April 22, 1864

21

Nov. 20, 1861.

AprU 16, 1862.

21

Nov. 20, 1861.

Nov. 19, 1864.

18

Nov. 20, 1861.

Sept. 9, 1865.

22

Nov. 20, 1861.

June 30, 1863.

1 Frank S. Knight died at New Or
leans, January 10, 1863.
2 Ebenezer W. Gleason died at Baton
Rouge, La., August 2, 1863.
8 James H. Gleason transferred to
Veteran Reserve Corps.
* John W. Parker, died at Fort Jack
son, La., January 8, 1863.
^ George W. Robinson died at New
Orleans, April 22, 1864.

« Alfred D. Ruggles died at Ship Isl
and, Miss., April 16, 1862.
' James B. T. Tupper joined the Navy.
8 Frederick L. Taylor died May 27,
1864. 8 Calvin C. Deane " never joined Reg
iment." w Samuel D. Peck transferred to Vet
eran Reserve Corps.

286

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Names.
Thomas Winn, Corporal ^ .
Augustus T. Barnes '¦' . .

Age. Date of Muster.
21 Jan. 2, 1864.
26 Jan. 2, 1864.

Date of Discharge.
June 8, 1865.
June 8, 1865.

42c? Regiment Infantry {nine months), 1862.

George J. Sanger, 1st Lieut.^ 36 Oct. 14, 1862.
William A. Perry, Sergeant . 41 Oct. 14, 1862.
Harmon C. Spooner, Sergeant 34 Oct. 14, 1862.
William F. Alden, Corporal . 32 Oct. 14, 1862.
Henry A. Spooner, Corporal . 24 Oct. 14, 1862.
Charles J. Wood, Hosp. Stew. 33 Oct. 14, 1862.
Lauriston Barnes  21 Oct. 14, 1862.
Warren J. Barnes .... 31 Oct. 14, 1862.
Wilder U. Barnes .... 22 Oct. 14, 1862.
Frederick W. Burgess ... 20 Sept. 30, 1862.
Frederick A. Cobb .... 39 Oct. 14, 1862.
Samuel S. Dennis .... 29 Oct. 14, 1862.
Hiram B. Douglass .... 35 Oct. 14, 1862.
Chiron J. Elwell .... 19 Oct. 14, 1862.
Rodolphus W. Homer ... 18 Oct. 14, 1862.
Samuel Johnson  29 Oct. 14, 1862.
Samuel King  44 Oct. 14, 1862.
Samuel W. Knight ^ ... 28 Oct. 14, 1862.
Sardius J. Sibley  33 Oct. 14, 1862.
James M. Smith  28 Oct. 14, 1862.
Joseph P. Snow  34 Oct. 14, 1862.
Stuart M. Stafford .... 31 Oct. 14, 1862.
Albert S. Sturtevant ... 19 Oct. 14, 1862.
Andrew J. Thayer .... 29 Oct. 14, 1862.
Elmer M. Thayer .... 20 Oct. 14, 1862.
Samuel E. Thayer .... 22 Oct. 14, 1862.
Josiah W. Witt  20 Oct. 14, 1862.

Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
May 24, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.
Aug. 20, 1863.

42c? Regiment Infantry (100 days), 1864.

Frederick A. Cobb, Sergeant 40
Henry P. Aiken  19
Frank H. Cleveland . . .19
James B. Conkey .... 18
John Harper  18

July 16, 1864.
July 22, 1864.
July 22, 1864.
July 16, 1864.
July 16, 1864.

Nov. 11, 1864.
Nov. 11, 1864.
Nov. 11, 1864.
Nov. 11, 1864.
Nov. 11, 1863.

51s« Regiment Infantry {nine months), 1862.
Franklin Nye  22 Sept. 25, 1862. July 27, 1863.

1 Thomas Winn transferred to 56th
Regiment Infantry, June 8, 1865.
2 Augustus T. Barnes transferred to
56th Regiment Infantry, June 8, 1865.

' Rev. George J. Sanger was appointed
chaplain, November 6, 1862.
* Samuel W. Knight died at Brashear
City; La., May 24, 1863.

MILITARY HISTORY.

287

Names.
Thomas Winn, Corporal
Augustus T. Barnes . .
Thomas Penny . . .

56th Regiment Infantry {three years), 1863.
Age. Date of Muster. Date of Discharge.
. 21 Jan. 2, 1864. July 12, 1865.
. 26 Jan. 2, 1864. July 12, 1865.
. 23 March 10, 1864. June 27, 1865.

61st Regiment Infantry {one year), 1864.
George C. Howe, Musician . 17 Jan. 9, 1865. June 16, 1865.
Bernard McHeough . ... 22 Jan. 7, 1865. July 16, 1865.
Richard Roland  21 Jan. 9, 1865. June 19, 1865.
3c? Battalion Riflemen {three months), 1861.
John Wheeler, 2d .... 31 May 19, 1861. Aug. 3, 1861.
6th Battery Light Artillery {three years), 1862.
WUliam H. Hunter^ ... 25 Dec. 18, 1861. Dec. 13, 1862.
8;^ Battery Light Artillery {six months), 1862.
Chas. G. Bartholomew, Corp. 19 June 3, 1862. Nov. 29, 1862.

IQth Battery Light
Henry H. Granger, 1st Lieut.^
Asa F. Richardson, Corporal .
Norman H. Butterfield
Harmon Newton ^
George W. Parks
Leverett Pierce .
Waldo Pierce ^ .
John M. Ramsdell
Timothy G. Redfield«
Alvah F. Southworth
James L. W. Thayer

irtil

lery {three years) ,

1862.

47

Aug. 20, 1862.

Oct. SO, 1864.

28

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

22

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

31

Sept. 9, 1862.

Sept. 18, 1864

18

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

26

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

24

Sept. 9, 1862.

Jan. 1, 1865.

29

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

34

Sept. 9, 1862.

Aug. 25, 1864.

19

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

25

Sept. 9, 1862.

June 9, 1865.

14dh Battery Light Artillery {three years), 1864.
Joseph Atwood  43 Feb. 27, 1864. June 15, 1865.

1 William H. Hunter died at New Or
leans, December 13, 1862.
2 Lieutenant Granger was wounded at
Hatcher's Run, October 27, 1864, and
died three days afterwards at City Point,
Va. His body was brought home, and
the town, November 8, 1864, adopted
appropriate resolutions and ordered a
public funeral. The Adjutant General's

Record represents Lieutenant Granger to
have been brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel.
^ Harmon Newton died at Washing
ton, D. C, September 18, 1864.
* Waldo Pierce transferred to Veteran
Reserve Corps, January 1, 1865.
' Timothy G. Redfield "missing in
action," August 25, 1864.

288

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

16th Battery Light Artillery {three years), 1864.
Names. Age. Date of Muster. Date of Discharge.
Anson S. Comee, Sergeant ^ . 21 March 11, 1864. April 3, 1865.
2c? Regiment Heavy Artillery {three years), 1863.
James Higgins  19 July 29, 1863. Sept. 3, 1865.
WiUiam M. Smith .... 37 July 18, 1864. Sept. 3, 1865.
2c? Regiment Cavalry {three years), 1862.
Michael Caraeron 2 .... 25 Jan. 26, 1863. Feb. 6, 1863.
ith Regiment Cavalry {three years), 1863.
Robert W. Davis, Sergeant = - 23 March 1, 1864.
Peter Grib, Sergeant * . . . 23 March 1, 1864. May 14, 1864.
James B. Wade, Q. M. Serg." . 21 March 1, 1864. Aug. 12, 1864.
Henry C. Hack, Corporal . . 34 March 1, 1864. Nov. 14, 1865.
Robert Bailey  21 March 1, 1864. Nov. 14, 1865.
William Hickey  21 March 1, 1864. Nov. 14, 1865.

James O. Mahoney '

Dennis Murphy . .
William H. Mayhugh
Albert S. Sturtevant
John Watts . . .
Stephen Wickizen .

21 March 1, 1864. May 1, 1865.

Regular Army.
22 Sept. 10, 1864.
33 Aug. 26, 1864.
21 Jan. 31, 1865.
23 Aug. 11, 1864.
21 Sept. 8, 1864.

1st Artillery.
2d Artillery.
3d ArtiUery.
llth Infantry.
llth Infantry.

Head-stones are erected in the ceraetery in meraory of other
soldiers, namely : —
Edgar J. Cummings, aged 20, died at Newbern, N. C, Jan. 14, 1863.
Henry C. Granger, aged 22, kiUed at Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862.
Asa G. Sturtevant, aged 27, died at New York, October 28, 1862.
Dexter Z. Tinney, aged 33, killed at the Wilderness, May 6, 1864.
And the Town Records show that —
Orin C. Trow, aged 34, died at Washington, D. C, October 27, 1864.
There was an early organization of militia in Hardwick, first
in a single corapany, afterwards in two, and during the Revolu
tionary period in three corapanies. About 1794 the number was
1 Anson S. Comee deserted, April 3, * Peter Grib deserted. May 14, 1864.
l^^^- ' James B. Wade died in hospital,
2 Michael Cameron deserted, February August 12, 1864.
^•„^^^- ^ James 0. Mahoney deserted. May 1,
° Robert W. Davis was commissioned 1865.
second lieutenant August 6, 1864.

MILITARY HISTORY. 289
reduced to two, styled the South (or First) and North (or Sec
ond) Companies, divided by the road which afterwards became
a turnpike. Before 1781 I have not found any record of election
of officers, except by the town in 1774 ; but from other sources
it is ascertained that the following persons held the office of
captain as early as the dates affixed to their respective names :
Joseph Allen, 1740 ; Benjamin Ruggles, 1747 ; Timothy Rug-
gles,i 1754 ; Constant Merrick, 1755 ; Samuel Robinson, 1755 ;
Paul ]VIandeU,2 1755 ; Joseph Warner, 1758 ; WiUiam Paige,
1759 ; Ebenezer Cox, 1762 ; John Ruggles, 1771 ; Daniel
Wheeler, 1771; Jonathan Warner,^ 1774; Samuel Billings,*
1774 ; Simeon Hazeltine, 1774 ; Stephen Rice,^ 1775 ; Thoraas
Robinson, 1775 ; Timothy Paige,« 1776 ; Barnabas Sears,'' 1776 ;
Sarauel Dexter, 1776 ; Daniel Warner, 1776 ; Josiah Locke,
1776 ; Edmund Hodges, 1777 ; Denison Robinson, 1778 ; Nathan
Leonard, 1778.
In 1781, after the adoption of the Constitution of Massachu
setts, the militia was reorganized, and a roster of officers was
comraenced ; from which it appears that Jonathan Warner was
commissioned as one of the three major-generals in the Com
monwealth, June 28, 1781 ; and Timothy Paige as colonel of
the Fourth Regiment in Worcester County, July 1, 1781 ; and,
also, the foUowing named officers of their respective com
panies : —
1 Timothy Ruggles was a captain long (Barre), Pequaog (Athol), Petersham,
before he removed to Hardwick in 1754. New Braintree, Western (Warren), and
He enlisted a company in 1740 for service Brookfield. Under date of "Rutland,
in the West Indies, consisting almost en- April 10, 1759," Lieutenant-Colonel John
tirely of Indians, as appears by the muster Murray certified that several soldiers of
roll still preserved in the Massachusetts Colonel Ruggles' regiment, in each of
Archives. He was duly commissioned these towns, had enlisted for service iu
captain ; but his company was disbanded the Invasion of Canada. Mass. Arch.,
because a larger number of companies xcvii. 111.
had been organized than the exigency re- "Brigade major, March 13, 1778;
quired, and thus escaped the destruction styled colonel, November 17, 1774.
which befel almost all who embarked on ^ Colonel, 1774; brigadier-general, Feb-
the expedition. It is not certainly known ruary 13, 1776; major-general, June 28,
whether he commanded a company of 1781.
mihtia in Hardwick ; but it appears that * Afterwards major.
he was not only colonel and brigadier- 6 Lieutenant-colonel, April 10, 1776.
general in the army, but that he also ^ Colonel, July 1, 1781.
commanded the regiment which embraced ' Major and lieutenant-colonel in the
Hardwick, Rutland, Rutland District regular army.
19

290

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Names.

2d Lieutenant.

1st Lieutenant.

Captain.

James Paige . . .

_

_

July 1, 1781.

Isaac Fay . . .

-

July 1, 1781.

—

Samuel Beals -^ . .

July 1, 1781.

-

-

John Hastings . .

-

-

July 1,1 78L

Edward Ruggles .

-

July 1, 1781.

Jan. 17, 1784.

Benjamin Ruggles .

July 1, 1781.

-

-

Ephraim Pratt . .

-

-

July 1, 1781.

Joel Johnson . .

-

July 1, 1781.

-

Earl Flagg . . .

July 1, 1781.

-

-

Elijah Warner . .

-

-

May 23, 1783.

Antipas Rice . .

-

May 23, 1783.

-

James Paige, Jr.^ .

May 23, 1783.

-

Jan. 17, 1784.

Jabez Cobb . . .

-

Jan. 17, 1784.

-

Timothy Paige, Jr.

Jan. 17, 1784.

—

May 30, 1788.»

John Wheeler . .

—

Jan. 17, 1784.

Sept. 1, 1789.

Samuel Whipple .

Jan. 17, 1784.

—

—

James Lawton . .

—

Oct. 15, 1786.^

—

Names.

John Raymond
John Jenney .
Daniel Ruggles
Seth Hinkley, Jr,
Moses Hunt .
Isaac Stowell
David Pratt .
Nathan Freeman
Francis Jenks
John Campbell
Charles Paige
James Paige, 3d
Timothy Billings ^
Daniel Billings, Jr.
Jonathan Warner
Samuel Dexter, Jr.
Barnabas Hinkley
Thomas Wheeler, Jr.'
William Walker

Ensign.

Sept. 16, 1788.
Sept. 1, 1789.
July 2, 1792.
July 2, 1792.
July 24, 1794.

Sept. 24, 1794.
Aug. 20, 1795.
Sept. 25,1795.
June 14, 1800.
May 5, 1801.

Lieutenant.

Sept. 16, 1788.
July 2, 1792.
Sept. 1, 1789.
Sept. 18, 1792.
July 2, 1792.

July 24, 1794.
Sept. 24, 1794.
June 14, 1800.
May 5, 1801.

Aug. 3, 1801.

Captain.

July 2, 1792.
July 24, 1794.
June 14, 1800.
Sept. 24, 1794.
Mav 5, 1801.
Sep't. 25, 1795.
Aug. 26, 1806.
Aug. 3, 1801.

1 Deputy quartermaster-general, with 6 Adjutant, September 18, 1792; major,
rank of major, November 2, 1787. June 16, 1800.
2 Major, December 19, 1791. o Major, August 13, 1806.
3 Captain of Cadets; see forward. 7 Major, May 8, 1811 ; lieutenan^col-
* Commissioned as adjutant. onel commandant, July 12, 1813.

MILITARY HISTORY.

291

Names.

Ensign.

Uel Thayer . .
Thomas Egery .
Moses Allen . .
Benjamin Paige
Dauiel Mandell .
Luther Paige .
Samuel Billings ^
Ezra Ruggles .
Benjamin Jenkins
Mason Mandell .
Apollos Luce
Jonathan Webb .
Daniel Wheeler
Brigham Ruggles
Elbridge Cutler «
Joseph Allen, 3d
Nathan Perry .
Zenas Phinney .
James Danforth*
Charles Lee . .
John Gilbert
Moses Whipple, Jr.
Martin Mandell .
Timothy Fay, Jr.
Crighton Ruggles
Calvin Jenney .
John Raymond .
Willard Allen .
David Aiken, Jr.
Joseph Knox
Benjamin J. Cobb
David C. Paige .
Sylvester Bowen
Thos. P. Anderson
Elmer B. MUes .

June 7, 1803.
May 5, 1807.
Mar. 17, 1808.
April 4, 1809.
June 3, 1811.
Jan. 7, 1813.
May 4, 1813.
May 3, 1814.
May 3, 1814.
May 18, 1815.

Sept. 16,1816.
Sept. 16, 1816.
Feb. 26, 1817.
May 15, 1818.
May 4, 1819.
May 4, 1819.
Aug. 28, 1820.
May 12,1821.
Julv 10, 1824.
Apnl 5, 1826.
July 11, 1827.
Aug. 8, 1829.
April 5,1833.
May 6, 1834.
Aug. 13, 1835.

Lieutenant.

Aug. 26, 1806.
April 4, 1809.
July 6, 1807.
Junes, 1811.
Jan. 7, 1813.
May 3, 1814.
May 4, 1813.
May 3, 1814.
May 18, 1815.

Aug. 21, 1815.'
Aug. 23,1816.
Feb. 26, 1817.

Feb. 5, 1818.
May 12, 1821.
Aug. 28, 1820.

July 26, 1824.
April 5, 1826.
June 28, 1827.
Aug. 21, 1829.
Apr. 5, 1833.
Apr. 17, 1830.«
May 6, 1834.
May 5, 1835.
Mar. 6, 1837.=

Captain.

April 4, 1809.
Jan. 7, 1813.
June 3, 1811.

May 4, 1813.
May 18, 1815.

Sept. 24, 1816.
Feb. 5, 1818.
Aug. 28, 1820.
July 10, 1824.
Aug. 28, 1820.
April 5, 1826.
June 28, 1827.
Aug. 6, 1829.
April 5, 1833.
May 6, 1834.
May 5, 1835.

The old North (or Second) Corapany was disbanded February
18, 1824, and a company of riflemen was organized. Officers
were elected as follows : —
1 Major, August 27, 1816; Heutenant- * See Riflemen.
colonel commandant, April 9, 1817. ' Adjutant. ,
2 Commissioned as adjutant. ' Adjutant.
' Major, May 30, 1820; lieutenant-
colonel commandant. May 2, 1821.

292

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Names.

Ensign.

Lieutenant.

Captain.

James Danforth ^ .
Walter MandeU
Lulie Earl . . .
Joseph Burgess, 2d.
Joseph Whipple ^ .
Apollos Rich^ . .
Jason Haskins . .
Orin Trow . . .
Z. F. Shumway
William C. Wesson
Rufus P. Chase .

May 15, 1824.
Aug. 11, 1825.
May 5, 1829.
Feb. 24, 1830.
May 4, 1830.
Aug. 24, 1831.
June 29, 1833.
Sep. 20, 1833.
May 2, 1837.

May 15, 1824.
Aug. 11, 1825.
May 5, 1829.
May 4, 1830.
June 29, 1833.
Sep. 20, 1833.
May 2, 1837.

May 15, 1824.
Aug. 11, 1825.
May 5, 1829.
Feb. 24, 1830.
June 29, 1833.
Sep. 20, 1833.
May 2, 1837.

Soon after the reorganization of militia in 1781, a company of
cavalry was forraed in the regiraent, which then included the
present towns of Hardwick, New Braintree, Oakham, North
Brookfield, Brookfield, West Brookfield, and Warren. Its Hard
wick officers were as follows : —

Names.

Cornet.

Lieutenant.

Captain.

Joseph Bruce . .
Joshua Lawrence .
Stephen W. Paige .
John Lawton . .
Joseph Robinson ' .
Warren Smith . .

Aug. 26, 1806.
Feb. 19, 1816.
May 11, 1819.

May 5, 1807.
June 12, 1809.
Sep. 20, 1819.
Aug. 16, 1825.

Aug. 22, 1812.
Jan. 23, 1819.
July 12, 1823.
May 1, 1828.

After the suppression of the Shays Insurrection in 1787 (in
which the Hardwick militia were sadly divided in opinion and
action), the staunch friends of government seem to have felt the
necessity of organizing an independent company, which could be
relied upon to act unaniraously, in case of emergency, and which
might be a body-guard to the major-general. The Council
Records, under date of May 30, 1788, show that "His Excellency
comraunicated to the Council a letter from Major General War
ner, recommending the establishment of a Company of Cadets in

1 Major, June 10, 1825.
2 Colonel, May 24, 1833.
' Major, August 26, 1833; lieutenant-
colonel, August 14, 1835.

* Lieutenant-colonel, June 13, 1825 ;
colonel, June 27, 1827.

MILITARY HISTORY. 293
the Seventh Division under his command, and asked the advice
of Council. The Council advised that His Excellency issue his
orders for the establishment of said Company." On the same
day the necessary orders were issued, the company established,
and officers commissioned, to wit : —
Timothy Paige, Jr., of Hardwick, Captain, . . May 30, 1788.
Samuel French, " " First Lieutenant, May 30, 1788.
Jeduthun Spooner, " " Ensign, . . May 30, 1788.
Wyman Hoyt, of New Braintree, Second Lieutenant, June 25, 1788.
To this company, and to the company of cavalry before men
tioned, a complimentary reference was made in the " Massachu
setts Spy," October 14, 1790 : » On Tuesday, the fifth instant,
the Fifth [Fourth ?] Regiment of the First Brigade, under Col
onel Paige, with Captain Felton's Cavalry, and Captain Paige's
Cadets, paraded at Brookfield. They were favored with fine
weather, and every officer and soldier was fired with extraordi
nary military ardor, and the troops exhibited a variety of mili
tary movements greatly to their honor."

CHAPTER XV.
STATISTICS.
Population. — Tax in 1776. — Valuation. — Manufactures and Agricultural
Products. — George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Company. — Furnaces. —
Forge. — Paper Mills.
Population. The General Court, on the 9th of December,
1776, passed a Resolve, requiring a census to be taken of all
males, sixteen years old and upwards, distinguishing such as were
Quakers, Indians, Negroes, or Mulattoes. The following return
was made on the back of the broadside upon which the resolve
was printed : " In obedience to the within Order, we have num
bered the male inhabitants of the town of Hardwick, as within
directed, and find the number to be three hundred and forty-six
white or English inhabitants, and one mulatto man. We have
no Quakers, no Indians, and no Negroes.
" Habdwick, ) li Thomas Robinson, Selectman.
Jan. 31, 1777. ) Samuel Dextee, ) Gommittee of
David Allen, j Correspondetice.
" Worcester, ss. Jan. 31, 1777. Capt. Thomas Robinson,
Capt. Samuel Dexter, and Ensign David Allen, made oath, that
in executing the within order of the Great and General Court,
they have acted uprightly, faithfully, and impartially, according
to the best of their knowledge. Before me, Paul Mandell,
Justice of the Peace." ^
The special object of this census manifestly was to ascertain
the military strength of the State, and to furnish a basis for re
quiring a fair proportion of soldiers from each town during the
war of the Revolution. Other enumerations have been made
periodically for more general purposes. The population of this
town gradually increased during the first century after its settle
ment, then decreased until manufacturing was established at
Gilbertville ; since which tirae, although the agricultural com-
1 Mass. Archives, clxi. 132, 133.

STATISTICS.

295

munity has probably diminished, the manufacturers have more
than supplied the deficiency ; so that the sum total, as exhibited
by the last census, exceeds that at any former period.

1765,

1,010.

1830,

1,888.

1860,

1,521.

1776,

1,393.

1837,

1,818.

1865,

1,967.

1790,

1,725.

1840,

1,789.

1870,

2,219.

1800,

1,727.

1850,

1,631.

1875,

1,992.

1810,

1,657.1

1855,

1,523.

1880,

2,237.

1820,

1,836.

Tax in 1776. — The original assessment of a tax dated
January 30, 1776, is preserved in the archives of the town. The
polls were rated at 2s. 6d. each. The rate of taxation on
property is not mentioned ; but the sum total of the tax, after
deducting the amount assessed on the polls, exhibits the relative
liability of the tax-payers to bear the public burdens at the
commencement of the Revolutionary War. The "North Side"
¦and the " South Side " were separated by the county road
(afterwards a turnpike) from the Old Furnace to Greenwich
Village. NOBTH SIDE.
3«
£
J r.
s. a. q
1
£
s. d. qr.
Joseph Allen 
2
0
10 8 3
Gideon Carpenter . . .
2
0
10 1 I
David Allen . .
2
0
17 9 3
Nathan Carpenter
,
1
0
3 7 3
Joseph Allen, Jr.
1
0
9 5 3
Ephraim Cleavelanc
, Jr. .
1
0
8 4 0
JohnAmmidowu ^
2
0
10 11 1
Edward Chaloner
1
0
2 6 0
Philip Ammidown
1
0
7 11 0
Ebenezer Chipman
0
0
2 7 1
Zaccheus Atwood
1
0
5 5 0
Gardner Chandler
0
0
7 6 0
John Bradish
1
0
8 4 0
Uriah Convers .
1
0
3-4 0
Seth Bangs
1
0
5 6 1
John Canady .
1
0
2 6 0
Daniel Billing .
3
0
15 10 0
Samuel Dexter .
1
0
14 5 3
Abiathar Babbit .
2
0
12 2 1
Wid" Mary Dean
0
0
1 3 0
John Bradish, Jr.
I
0
8 10 1
Paul Dean . . .
2
0
9 5 3
William Bassett
1
0
3 11 2
Charles Doolittle
1
0
7 2 2
Adna Bangs . .
Jedediah Bassett
1
0
3 9 0
Job Dexter
1
0
8 6 2
1
0
3 4 0
Zurishaddai Doty
3
0
12 2 1
Seth Blanchard .
1
0
2 8 2
Jonathan Danforth
1
0
17 3 2
Joseph Bowman .
1
0
2 6 0
S tephen Porbes .
3
0
14 8 1
•Tnhn Bflchplnr
1
0
2 6 0
Daniel Pav
3
0
15 11 1
Edward Clark .
2
0
U 4 1
John Preeman .
1
0
2 6 0
Benjamin Cox .
1
0
6 3 0
Eli Preeman . .
1
0
4 8 1
1 In 1801, the town parted with a con
siderable portion of its territory and in
habitants, at the incorporation of Dana.
2 In consequence of the great increase
of business at Gilbertville since 1880, the
population of the whole town is probably
now about 3,000. Gilbertville alone is
supposed to contain about 1,500 inhabit
ants. 8 The mode of spelling the names is
preserved : also the order in which they
are inserted.
296

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Watson Preeman
Reuben Pay . .
Earl Plagg . .
Daniel Pay, Jr. .
Stephen Gorhara
Jonathan Glazier
Shearjashub Goodspeed
Simeon Hazeltine
Andrew Haskell
Elisha Hedge . .
Edmund Hodges
Nehemiah Howard
John Hastings .
Jonathan Hastings
Thomas Haskell
Moses Haskell .
John Haskell . .
Nathaniel Haskell
Seth Hinkley . .
John Haskell, Jr.
Ephraim Haskell
Stephen Hastings
John Hedge . .
Nathaniel Johnson
Zebadiah Johnson
Dudley Jordan .
Philip Jordan . .
Solomon Johnson
Joel Johnson . .
Silas Johnson
Stephen Johnson
Abraham Knowlton
Jesse Kinney
John Keith .
Clark Lawton
Lemuel Leach
Ebenezer Lawrence
Joshua Lawrence
Ebenezer Lawrence,
Experience Luce
Josiah Lock . .
Constant Myrick
Nathaniel Myrick
Robert Mclntyre's
Timothy Newton
Joseph Nye . .
Joseph Nye, Jr. .
Jonathan Nye .
Prince Nye . .
Joshua Nye . .
John Paddleford
Seth Paddleford .
Ephraim Pratt .
James Paige . .
Samuel Pike . .
EUsha Pike . .

Jr,

Est;

£ s. d. gr.

0 14
0 8
0 11
0 2
0 15
0 9
0 10
0 12
0 16
0 3

922
1213 3 6
4 55
3 729 65
3
11
0 14
0 4
0 10
0 13
0 8

9 2
4 1
10 0
6 0
7 1
8 2
8 2
11 3
8 23 2322030 1
023 202 0 222

0 00 00 00 0000 13
0 2
0 2

11 5
9
10 0
5 0
5260
4 8 I
10 39 0 200

0 1
2 3
8 2
6 0

William Perkins . .
Capt. Benjamin Ruggles
James Robinson .
James Rogers
Benjamin Ruggles, Jr,
Benjamin Ruggles, 3d
Thomas Ruggles
Joseph Ruggles .
Edward Ruggles
Joseph Ruggles, Jr.
Nathaniel Ruggles
Edward Ruggles, Jr
Whiting Ruggles
Denison Robinson
Wid" Susanna Rice
Stephen Rice . .
Joseph Robinson
William Shaw .
Roland Sears
Freeman Sears .
Barnabas Sears .
Steward Southgate
Joseph Safford .
Jeremiah Sibley .
Samuel. Sibley .
Amaziah Spooner
Thomas Spooner
Zephaniah Spooner
Elkanah Steward'
Edward Smith .
John Sellon . .
Reuben Snow
Nathaniel Sprout
Nathaniel Sprout, Jr.
Jonathan Stanwood
Ephraim Tucker .
Edward Taylor . .
Ephraim Titus . .
Seth Taylor . . .
Thomas Wells White
Wareham Warner .
Thomas Winchester
Wid" Sarah Winchester
Lemuel Willis . .
Daniel Wheeler . .
Nathan Wheeler
Joseph Washburn .
Eliphalet Washburn
Ammiel Weeks . .
Thomas Weeks . .
Asahel Warren . .
Ebenezer Washburn
Samuel Whipple
James Wicker . .
Total, North Side

£ s. d. qr.

0 4
0 16
0 9
0 5
0 13
0 6
0 3
0 6
0 13
0 2

0 10
0 7
0 5
0 8
0000 00 0

10 3
5 2
7 0
2 2
6 2
6 3
9 0
9 1
9 0
8 2
6 0
4 3
19 1
3 96 7
3 2 6
3 6
4 16
6 7
4 740 1666

2222 55 1
0 13
0 5
0 12
0 18 10
0 11 4
0 12

8 2
0 3

0

6

3 0

0

5

50

0

2

9 3

0

5

2 2

0

2

8 2

0

8

U 2

0

3

6 2

53

17

1 0

STATISTICS.
SOUTH SIDE.

297

.a

£ s. d. qr.

1

£ s. d. qr.

Solomon Aikens . . .

2

0 17 3 2

James Lawton ....

2

0 12 11 0

David Aikens . . .

0 8 7 3
Nathan Leonard
0 9 8 1
Gamaliel Arnold . .
0 3 0 1
James Lawton, Jr.
0 6 5 2
Atwood Aiken's Guar(
1°'.
0 2 6 0
Jacob Lawton . .
0 2 8 2
Samuel Billing . .
0 5 0 0
Joseph Loring .
0 2 6 0
Elisha Billing . .
0 11 5 2
WiUiam Lyon .
0 2 8 2
Samuel Billing, Jr. .
0 18 11 2
John Lawton
0 2 6 0
Asahel Billing . .
0 8 12
Paul MandeU .
15 2 2
Samuel Bridge . .
0 5 2 2
Amos Mandell .
0 2 6 0
Samuel Beals . .
0 6 2 1
Lemuel Newton .
0 10 2 2
Nathan Bangs . .
0 4 7 3
Stephen Newton
0 2 6 0
Joseph Biam . . .
0 6 3 0
Caleb Nye, Jr. .
0 2 8 2
Isaac Bowman . .
0 2 6 0
Andrew Nelson .
0 6 3 0
Gamaliel CoUins .
0 11 9 1
Daniel Oliver, Esq
0 13 11 2
Joshua CroweU . .
0 15 7 0
William Oaks .
0 4 2 0
Paul Crowell . .
0 2 6 0
William Paige .
0 16 0 2
Edward Curtis . .
0 5 11
George Paige .
0 18 11 2
Isaac Clark . . .
0 2 6 0
Timothy Paige .
12 4 3
Isaac Clark, Jr. . .
0 6 11 3
Nathaniel Paige
0 11 9 1
Isaac Cummings, Jr.
0 6 10 2
John Paige . .
0 14 7 0
Ephraim Cleaveland
0 10 3 3
John Paige, Jr. .
0 9 3 1
Abraham Chamberlair
0 8 2 3
William Paige, Jr.
0 7 10
Moses Chamberlain
0 2 6 0
James Paige, Jr.
0 11 4 1
Lemuel Cobb . . .
0 6 9 1
Jesse Paige . .
0 2 6 0
Jabez Cobb . . .
0 8 9 0
Phineas Powers .
0 9 0 3
Elijah Cleaveland .
0 2 7 1
Stephen Pratt .
0 2 6 0
Benjamin Cleaveland
0 2 7 1
William Perkins, Jr.
0 2 6 0
Abner Conant . .
0 5 0 0
Capt. Jeremiah Power
s .
0 2 10
Derby Dwire . . .
0 2 8 2
Samuel Robinson .
0 9 3 1
Silas Dean . . .
0 7 9 3
Solomon Rice . .
0 2 6 0
Thomas Elwell . .
0 9 0 3
Thomas Robinson .
117 3
Jabez Elwell . . .
0 2 6 0
Benjamin Raymond
0 8 4 0
James Pay . . .
0 11 3 0
John Raymond . .
0 2 8 2
Aaron Purbush . .
0 10 7 2
Thomas Robinson, Jr.
0 2 11 0
Isaac Fay ....
0 9 10 2
Edmund Rawson .
0 4 5 3
John Fay ....
0 9 10 3
Isaac Rice . . .
0 7 6 0
George Field. . .
0 8 2 3
Antipas Rice . . .
0 10 2 2
Samuel French . .
0 2 6 0
Moses Rice . . .
0 2 6 0
Philip Fraker . .
0 2 6 0
Aaron Rice . . .
0 2 8 2
Paul Fay's Guardian
0 2 6 0
Samuel Rawson
0 2 6 0
Aaron Furbush, Jr.
0 2 7 1
Timothy Ruggles, Esq
I 12 3 2
Causimai Fletcher .
0 2 6 0
Timothy Ruggles, Jr.
0 13 4 0
John Giffin . . .
0 5 10 0
Josiah Roberts . .
0 2 6 0
Timothy Gilbert .
0 5 11
John Rich . .
0 2 6 0
John Hunt . . .
0 17 1 0
Henry Rixford .
0 2 6 0
John Hunt, Jr. . .
0 11 1 3
Robert Stetson .
0 5 0 0
Uriah Higgins . .
0 8 10 1
Jesse Snow . .
0 3 U 2
John Hanmore . .
0 2 6 0
Robert Sprout .
0 2 6 0
Aaron Hunt . . .
0 8 12
Jabez Stratton .
0 6 3 0
Isaiah Hatch . . .
0 10 10 0
Daniel Thomas .
0 4 9 2
Aaron Hudson . .
0 2 6 0
Joseph Thomas .
0 3 12
Henry Higgins . .
0 4 0 3
Robert Tucker .
0 4 4 2
Silvanus Hopkins .
0 4 4 2
Joseph Warner .
0 3 12
Samuel Jenny . .
0 3 8 0
Daniel Warner .
0 19 1 2
William Johnson . .
0 4 8 1
Elijah Warner .
0 14 3 1
Seth Johnson . .
0 10 0 0
Jonathan Warner
1 3 11 2
Jacob Knowlton
0 8 6 2
David Wheelock
0
0 6 4 1
Ezra Leonard . . .
2
0 13 7 3
Gideon Wheelock
1
0 2 11 0
Ebenezer Liscomb .
1
0 6 9 1
Thomas Weeks, Jr
2
0 5 11 1
298

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Silas WiUis . . .
Silas Willis, Jr. . .
Adam WiUis . . .
James Wing . . .
William Washburn
Silvanus Washburn
Judah Weeks
Seth Winslow
Job Winslow .
Joseph Weeks
Samuel Wait .

£ 5. d. qr.

3 2
6 0
7 2
8 3
8 2
7 0
6 0
4 3
6 0
11 0
6 5

Elias Walker . . ,
David Weeks . . .
William Wicker
Ephraim Wheeler
Moses Whitcomb .
Edmund Willis . .
John Whipple . .
Thomas Martin Wright
Total, South Side

d. qr.

6 0 2
2 6 0
7 2 1
3 9 0
8 11 2
2 6 0
3 11 2
2 6 0

48 11 5 3

Valuation. In 1781, a general valuation was taken of the
property in the Commonwealth, as the basis of a State tax.
The Hardwick List follows : ^ —

Property.

Income.

363 Polls 

£ S.
2 per cent.
298 600
1,200
2,100
3,000 1,200 240 100 50 13
136 13

d. 44

£
575 180 9
36
1,500 125
675
360
375354 536

0. d.

230 Houses 

50s

200 Barns 

18s

30 Stores, shops, &c 
12 Distill-houses, miUs, &c 
2,500 Acres of English mowing 
1,000 Barrels of Cyder 
1,500 Acres of Tillage-land 

. 6s.
. 60s.
. 12s.
2s. 6c;.
. 9s.

1,200 Acres of Salt and Presh meadow . .
2,500 Acres of Pasturing 
. 6s.
17,737 Acres of Wood and unimproved land . 20s.
£298 Money on interest aud on hand ....
£600 Amount of goods, waves and merchandise
200 Horses  -fe.
14
300 Oxen 
£7
750 Cows 
£4
4,000 Sheep and Goats 
6s
400 Swine 
19<!
£100 Coaches, Chaise, &c 
10 Ounces of gold, coined or not coined . .
470 Ounces of silver, coined or not coined . .
Deducted £500 
18
4,726
In 1798, a valuation was taken by order of Congress, for the
purpose of a direct tax. The principal assessor for the district
embracing this town was General Jonathan Warner ; his assist
ants here were Captain Daniel Warner and Colonel Stephen
Rice. Each house and farm was valued separately. The general
recapitulation, dated April 10, 1799, exhibits the following re
sults : 2 —
1 Mass. Arch., clxii. 63. jted in the library of the New England
Valuation of the whole State, depos- Historic Genealogical Society.
STATISTICS.

299

Houses over $100 in value .
Houses under $100 in value .
Acres of land, with houses over $100 .
Acres of land, not included as above
Value of houses and lots over $100, )
not including ministerial property )
Value of houses under $100 .
Value of land 
Total valuation

. 176

56

232

. 87i

. 23,543i

23,631

$43,534

. 2,575

$46,109

248,123
$294,232
A very thorough valuation of property in the Commonwealth
was made in 1875, with the following result as to Hardwick : —
Phopertt.
Number.
Value.
FARMS.
From 3 to 5 acres
.
1
From 5 to 10 acres
.
, ,
4
Above 10 acres .
BUILDINGS.
*
196
201
$630,169
Houses .
.
.
210
Barns
• • ¦ ¦
, ,
249
Sheds .
. ¦ ¦
,
35
Shops
• > > •
,
11
Carriage- houses
• ¦ > •
.
9
Cider-mills .
• ¦ • •
a
4
Out-buildings .
LAND.
¦ ¦
15
533
$229,100
Land under crops
¦ • ¦ ¦
acres
4,801
$164,215
Orchards (the land;
.
acres
lOU
4,662
Unimproved land
• ¦ • ¦
acres
12,334
145,240
Unimprovable land
.
acres
192
130
Woodland .
TREES AND VINES-
acres
3,237i
86,822
FRUIT
20,666
$401,069
Apple trees
• . . .
,
13,898
$16,305
Cherry trees
.
.
144
64
Crab-apple trees
• ¦ • •
.
2
2
Peach trees
• • • ¦
.
190
175
Pear trees
• •
. .
460
658
Plum trees .
> > • •
, .
36
12
Grape vines
•
•
1,949
1,177
$18,393
DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
Bees (swarms of)
.
•
28
$149
300 .

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Peopertt.

Bulls 
Calves ....
Colts 
Dogs 
Ducks .....
Geese ....
Guinea fowls ....
Heifers ....
Hens and chickens .
Hogs .....
Horses .....
Lambs ....
Milch cows ....
Oxen .....
Pigeons 
Pigs .....
Sheep, merino
Sheep, Saxony
Sheep 
Steers ....
Turkeys  AGGREGATES.
Land .....
Buildings ....
Fruit trees and vines .
Domestic animals
Agricultural implements in use

Number.

Value.

$2,593 4,622
2,825 386 1433 9
7,033
1,799 4,824
18,670 156
61,517 12,850 6
1,704 22 16
227
2,765 325

$122,545$401,069 229,100 18,393
122,545 21,985

$793,092

MANUPACTUEES AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
From tirae to tirae the General Court has required from assess
ors, or other authorized agents, information concerning certain
branches of industry. The earliest statistical tables on this sub
ject exhibited a very scanty summary for the year ending April
1, 1837. This was confined almost exclusively to manufactured
articles, and consequently Hardwick ranked very low in the
Hst : —
" Saxony sheep, 2 ; merino sheep, 100 ; other kinds of sheep,
810 ; Saxony wool produced, 12 lbs. ; merino wool, 250 lbs. ;
other kinds of wool, 1,600 lbs. ; average weight of fleece, 2J lbs. ;
value of wool, |1,000 ; capital invested, $1,820.
" Boots manufactured, 5,000 pairs ; shoes, 5,000 pairs ; value
of boots and shoes, f 14,500 ; males employed, 20 ; females, 8.

STATISTICS.

301

" Tanneries, 2 ; hides tanned, 1,500 ; value of leather tanned
and curried, $5,250 ; hands employed, 6 ; capital invested, $4,600.
" Paper mills, 2 ; stock manufactured, 55 tons ; value of paper,
$5,600 ; males employed, 6 ; females, 2 ; capital invested, $3,000.
" Manufactory of chairs and cabinet ware, 1 ; value of chairs
and cabinet ware, $1,000 ; hands employed, 2.
" Plough manufactory, 1 ; ploughs manufactured, 150 ; value
of the same, $900 ; employing one person.
" Straw bonnets manufactured, 300 ; value of sarae, $500.
" Palm-leaf hats manufactured, 75,000 ; value of same,
$15,500." Twenty years later, Hardwick appears to better advantage in
the Statistical Tables for the year ending June 1, 1855.

Property.

Number.

Value.

Ploughs and agricultural tools manufactured

12

$100

Saddles manufactured ....

,

1,000

Wagons and other vehicles manufactured

,

3,700

Hides of all kinds tanned

,

1,700

7,000

Boots and shoes of all kinds .

,

1,600
Palm-leaf hats manufactured
.
3,000
Casks manufactured ....
,
200
Boxes for packing, etc., manufactured
,
9,000
Lumber, prepared for market
feet
65,000
9,800
Fire-wood, prepared for market
cords
1,548
2,812
Horses 
.
282
18,080
Oxen, 360 ; steers, 92 ... .
,
452
25,951
Cows, 1,389 ; heifers, 256 .
1,645
41,926
Swine raised ......
,
412
3,435
Sheep of ail kinds ....
,
217
776
Wool produced 
lbs.
712
Butter 
lbs.
33,725
6,745
Cheese .......
lbs.
310,540
31,054
Honey 
lbs.
80
14
Beeswax 
lbs.
9
3
Indian corn .....
bush.
18,543
15,373
Wheat 
bush.
255
496
Rye 
bush.
1,825
1,844
Barley .......
bush.
1,171
953
Oats 
bush.
8,211
4,129
Potatoes .......
bush.
24,892
12,516
Turnips ......
bush.
450
40
Carrots 
bush.
840
210
English hay 
tons
3,139
37,468
Meadow hay 
tons
1,000
5,000
Apple trees 
.
4,878
3,467
Pear trees 
•
336
52
302

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

The result of the very comprehensive census in 1875 is even
more favorable to Hardwick in all respects, except in regard to
manufactures, wherein it is very unsatisfactory. The quantity
and value of land, buildings, trees, and animals have already
been stated. The domestic and agricultural products enumerated
are as follows : —

Products.

Quantity.

Value.

DOMESTIC PRODUCTS.  FOR SALE.

Butter 

lbs.

35,003

$12,419

Cheese ......

lbs.

124,493

14,358

Cider 

gals.

29,165

2,662

Dried fruit .....

lbs.

569

63

Firewood ......

cords

1,107

3,653

Maple molasses ....

gals.

143

224

Palm-leaf hats (work on)

784

100

Quilts 

4
12
Railroad sleepers .....
3,777
1,294
Shingles ......
100,000
300
Straw hats (work on) ....
144
18
Wine ......
gals.
774
432
FOR USE.
Blankets 
pairs
3
15
Boots 
pairs
4
10
Butter 
lbs.
17,303
5,902
Carpets 
yds.
25
25
Cheese 
lbs.
6,248
794
Cider 
gals.
14,686
1,247
Dried fruit 
lbs.
2,015
221
Firewood 
cords
2,100
7,025
Maple sugar 
lbs.
150
15
Maple molasses .....
gals.
103
138
Mittens 
pairs
14
10
Quilts 
3
9
Shoes 
pairs
25
40
Socks 
pairs
41
27
gals.
77
95
Yarn ......
lbs.
10
11
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
Apples 
bush.
24,364
7,921
bush.
285
292
Beans .......
bush.
170
384
Beans, string and shell
bush.
52
88
Beef 
lbs.lbs.
133,162 8
11,087 2
STATISTICS.

303

Products.

Quantity.

Value.

Beets 

bush.

430

$271

Blackberries .....

qts.

700

71

Blueberries 

qts.

302

30

Buckwheat .....

bush.

22

26

Butternuts ......

bush.

36

16

Cabbage 

heads

11,502

928

Carrots .......

bush.

704

349

Cherries ......

bush.

20

37

Chestnuts 

bush.

27

50

Chickens, dressed ....

lbs.

4,962

958

Corn, green ......

bush.

140

152

Corn, Indian 

bush.

7,066

6,925

Corn, pop ......

bush.

25

42

Crab-apples .....

bush.

27

30

Cranberries ......

bush.

22

88

Cucumbers 

bush.

91

88

Currants .....

qts.

775

65

Eggs 

doz.

8,362

2,165

Feathers 

lbs.

63

15

Fodder, corn .....

tons

101

1,088

Game, wild 

_

30

Geese, dressed 

lbs.

168

34

Gooseberries ....

qts.

40

4

Grapes ......

bush.

478

398

Hay, English ....

tons

4,093

60,939

Hay, meadow .....

tons

818

6,904

Hay, clover 

tons

1

15

Hay, mUlet 

tons

7

100

Hides 

62

252

Honey ......

lbs.

160

44

Hop-poles 

1,108
339
Huckleberries 
qts.
3,403
235
Ice 
tons^
37
50
Lettuce ......
heads
800
36
Mangoes .....
bush.
100
50
Manure 
cords
3,545
10,572
Melons 
50
5
Milk 
gals.
172,582
19,208
MUIet 
bush.
6
14
Mutton 
lbs.
400
32
Oats 
bush.
3,522
2,416
Onions ......
bush.
475
615
Parsnips 
bush.
36
29
Peaches ......
bush.
166
281
Pears ......
bush.
59
125
Pease 
bush.
4
6
Pease, green .....
bush.
134
205
Peppers 
bush.
2
4
Plums ......
bush.
4
15
304

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Products.

Quantity.

Value.

Pork 

lbs.

90,894

$8,873

Potatoes, Irish

bush.

19,811

10,938

Poultry, other than chickens, geese, a

nd turkeys, lbs.

150

26

Pumpkins 

lbs.

26,300

153

Rye 

bush.

634

653

Seeds, grass ....

bush.

2

6

Shellbarks ....

bush.

20

45

Squashes ....

lbs.

17,000

331

Straw .....

tons

40

567

Strawberries .....

qts.

800

175

Tobacco .....

lbs.

11.600

1,160

Tomatoes .....

bush.

315

244

Trees, fruit, in nurseries

120

65

Turkeys, dressed ....

lbs.

2,855

576

Turnips .....

bush.

4,157

1,125

Veal 

lbs.

60,865

7,062

Wool, Saxony ....

lbs.

15

5

Wool, other than Saxony

lbs.

191

61

AGGREGATES.

Domestic Products, for sale
.
_
$35,535
Domestic Products, for use .
. .
—
15,584
Hay, 4,919 tons
.
-
67,958
Other Agricultural Products
—
100,232
$219,309
This exhibition is creditable to a town whose entire population
was only 1,992 ; especially when it is considered that one fifth
part of the adult inhabitants were engaged in manufacturing
establishments. But the account of manufactures and the re
sults of mechanical labor is very unsatisfactory. Excluding the
value of butter and cheese manufactured, the sum total assigned
to Hardwick is as follows : —
STATISTICS.

305

Industries.

Number of Estab
lishments.

Value of Products.

Blacksmithing 
Cheese-box making 
Carpentry and joinery 
Lumber, planed, and boxes . . .
Lumber, sawed 
Machinist's work 
Powder-keg making 
Wheelwrighting 

3 11 1
2 1 11

$3,000 1,250
5,000 2,000 2,355 10
1,500 100

11

$15,215

The same census represents that 310 inhabitants of Hardwick
were then eraployed in " raanufactures and mechanical indus
tries;" of whom 193 were woollen factory operatives, and 24
were paper makers ; yet I can find no evidence in the census
that a yard of cloth or a pound of paper was manufactured in
the town. Indeed, I cannot trace the manufacture of paper to
any other town ; it is certain, however, that a manufactory was
then in operation here. The manufacture of woollens is easily
traced to the town of Ware, which has credit in the census for
all the wooUen goods manufactured here. The occasion of this
transfer is indicated in an article published in the Boston " Daily
Advertiser," October 7, 1880, concerning the several manufac
turing establishments in Ware : —
"After the dissolution of Gilbert & Stevens, the firm of
George H. Gilbert & Co. was established, from which has sprung
the George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Company, incorporated in
1867, with a paid-up capital of $250,000. The first president
was George H. GUbert ; but his death occurring one year later,
the present officers of the company were chosen, as foUows:
Lewis N. GUbert, president ; Charles D. Gilbert, treasurer; and
J. H. GrenvUle Gilbert, secretary. In 1860 was erected, in
addition to the granite mUl in Ware, a brick mill, 130 by 56
feet, five stories high, on the site of the old paper mill in Hard
wick, four and a half miles north of Ware, to increase the manu
facture of flannel goods. In the iraraediate vicinity of the new
mill were buUt many tenements for the operatives; thus was
formed GUbertviUe, named in honor of its founder. Three other
brick miUs have been buUt there, — one, 125 by 60 feet, three
stories high; another, 84 by 60 feet, four stories high; and
20

306 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
a third, 230 by 68 feet, five stories high. The two hundred
tenement-houses owned by the company, on its 325 acres, con
stitute the entire settlement of what is probably the prettiest
strictly manufacturing village in Massachusetts. It is on the
line of the Ware River and Massachusetts Central Railroads.
The greater part of the manufactures of the company are now
produced at Gilbertville ; and as a large part of the dress goods
and blankets woven at Gilbertville are finished at Ware, the
few statistics given below refer to the total products at all these
mills." Being unwilling that Hardwick should be shorn of one of its
chief glories, as it is by the census of 1875, and desiring to state
the precise facts in the case, I addressed an inquiry to the pres
ident of tbe corporation, who gave me the desired information,
to wit : The foregoing statement in the " Daily Advertiser "
was correct when it was written ; but since that tirae the business
at Gilbertville has been greatly enlarged. To tbe mill erected
in 1860 an addition has been made, 154 feet in length by 82 feet
in width, and nine sets of machinery have been added ; so that,
in 1883, the foUowing statistics are substantially accurate : —
Capital  $250,000
Sets of machinery .... 47
Wool consumed, per day . . . 17,000 pounds.
Operatives employed .... 1,000
Good^ manufactured, per year . . 3,500,000 yards.
Value of goods manufactured . . $2,500,000.
Of these forty-seven sets of machinery, forty sets are operated
in Hardwick and seven in Ware; and these numbers may be
supposed to indicate with sufficient accuracy the proportion of
goods manufactured in the respective towns. Hardwick may
therefore claim much the largest share of this immense business.
Although the owners, who furnish the capital and control the
operations, reside in Ware, the water-power and almost all the
mUls are within our limits ; most of the operatives both dwell
here and perform their daily tasks here ; the stock is brought
here in the form of raw materials, and is here converted into
manufactured goods.
The beautiful vUlage of GUbertville, where this business is
transacted, has been elsewhere described. It may suffice to add
here, that the land was purchased and the first mill erected in
1860, and that the business of manufacturing was commenced in

STATISTICS. 307
1862. George H. Gilbert, the first president of the company
which bears his name, was born at Brooklyn, Conn., and died at
Ware, May 6, 1869. The present president, Hon. Lewis N.
Gilbert, is the nephew, and Charles D. Gilbert, treasurer, and
J. H. Grenville Gilbert, secretary, are the sons of George H.
Gilbert. His youngest son, Edward H. Gilbert, has also recently
become a raember of the corapany.
Furnaces and Forge. The subject of raanufactures should
not be disraissed without a brief notice of what was forraerly a
very iraportant branch of industry. At the original division of
lands by the proprietors, a mill lot, soraetiraes called " saw-mill
lot," was laid out, wbich included a part of what is now called
"Furnace Village." Moose Brook furnished the water-power,
which remains in constant use, even to the present day. Besides
the saw-mill and grist-mill, which were erected very early, and a
cloth-dressing establishment of a later date, a Furnace for the
manufacture of iron hollow-ware was erected about the middle
of the last century,^ which, for sixty or seventy years, furnished
employraent to many persons. The larger part, if not the whole,
of the iron ore was procured in West Brookfield ; but, notwith
standing the expense of transporting this principal material, the
business yielded a satisfactory profit. A general assortment of
hollow-ware was manufactured, from the ponderous and capacious
potash-kettles,^ then in use, to tea-kettles, pans, spiders, skillets,
and even smaller culinary vessels ; for all which articles a ready
market was obtained.
In the Revolutionary War, this furnace rendered important
public service, which is mentioned in a petition which is still
preserved: "To the Hon. Council and the Hon. House of Repre
sentatives of the State of Massachusetts Bay in New England,
humbly show Stephen Rice and James Woods, in behalf of thera
selves and partners, owners of a Furnace at Hardwick, in the
County of Worcester, that your petitioners have agreed to fur
nish the Coramissary General of this State with a large quantity
of Cannon Ball and other warlike stores, a part of which we have
already supplied, which are allowed to be of the very best kind.
I 1 The precise date of its erection I have some things that happened in the course
not ascertained ; but, as early as 1763, of his life."
Deacon Joseph Allen became one of the ^ in the days of my boyhood there were
joint-owners, which he afterwards la- two manufactories of potash in Hard-
mented in a poetical account of "the wick, — one owned by Jason Mixter, Esq.,
time and place of the author's birth, and and the other by Dr. William Cutler.

308 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
We have with great difficulty, by reason of the scarcity of labor,
procured stock for making another blast, which has been at
tended with considerable additional expense, by reason of the
large draughts of men which have been made from among us.
We are at this present time just entering on said blast, and under
standing that this Honored Court have just ordered one half of
tbe militia of said County of Worcester to march to Ticonderoga
on an alarm, it will be impossible to proceed in carrying on our
blast should one half of the militia of Hardwick and New Brain
tree be ordered to march. Wherefore your petitioners pray that
thirty persons, which is the nuraber eraployed in carrying on the
business of said Furnace, may be excused from the present or a
future requisition of men, during our present blast, from said
towns of Hardwick and New Braintree. And your petitioners,
as in duty bound, shall ever pray. Stephen Rice. James
Woods. Dated at Watertown, Oct. 25, 1776." ^
During the continuance of a " blast," — generally a period of
five or six months, — the fire was not quenched nor the labor
intermitted. As on shipboard, relays of hands wrought day and
night, not resting even on tbe Sabbath. After such continuous
labor for several raonths, the workraen gladly hailed the day
when the fire was extinguished for the purpose of constructing a
new crucible and raaking general repairs. This was technically
called "blowing out," and the day was devoted to unlimited fun
and jollity. Some of the jovial frolics and wild pranks of the
laborers are still remerabered by the elderly inhabitants; but,
perhaps, it raay not be well to record them as matters of history.*
It should be added, that many who were gay and merry " furnace-
men" in their younger days were afterwards among our most
respected citizens, and attained honorable and official position,
both in town and in coraraonwealth. For several years before
the manufacturing of iron was discontinued, this furnace was
owned and managed by Colonel Sarauel Billings and Mr. Har-
raon Charaberlain.
1 Mass. Arch., clxxxi. 288. head. The victim required nursing sev-
2 Take one specimen : A mock-trial eral days, being kept quiet, meanwhile,
was had, and the alleged culprit sen- by a plentiful supply of his favorite bev-
tenced to be hung. As his chin was un- erage.
naturally short, the attempt to execute It is related of one who became in-
him was unsuccessful. A piece of slag, toxicated early in the morning and slept
resembling an auger, was then found, in his bunk until evening, that he after-
and an effort made to bore a hole through wards lamented that " he lost all his sport
his neck, so that a pin might be inserted at the • blowing out,' by getung drunk too
to prevent the rope from slipping over his soon."

STATISTICS. 309
Early in the present century another furnace was erected on
Ware River, about a quarter of a mile above the dam at Gilbert
vUle. The spot is marked " New Furnace " on the R. Map, and
this name was applied to the whole neighborhood until it was
superseded by the present name of Gilbertville. The projectors
of this enterprise were Colonel Thomas Wheeler,^ a blaeksraith
and very skillful worker of iron, and Mr. Lerauel Harrington,
forraerly a tanner, but retired frora that business and willing to
invest capital in a new adventure. In the " Massachusetts Spy,"
July 12, 1815, Jesse Bliss advertised that " The new Furnace,
lately erected by Harrington, Wheeler &*Co., on Ware River in
Hardwick, is now in blast." I know not who were the other
members of the company. The business was probably not very
successful, and it was not long continued. Colonel Wheeler
reraoved to Ticonderoga in 1818 or 1819, and those who were
left behind had not his skill or energy as iron-workers.
Before the erection of this new furnace. Colonel Wheeler
carried on business at a Forge which stood near the spot now
occupied by the large mill of the George H. Gilbert Manufactur
ing Corapany on the west side of the River. This forge seeras
to have been erected by Isaac Thoraas, who bought seven acres
of land, July 18, 1763, of Captain Daniel Warner, with certain
rights in Ware River ; said Warner reserving the privilege to
build " one half of a saw-mill on the ditch said Thomas is cutting
or may hereafter cut for conveying the water out of said River
to carry a saw-mill and other raills." In March, 1765, the town
"voted to Mr. Isaac Thomas the sum of £26. 18. 4., said Thoraas
having engaged to build a sufficient bridge over Ware River near
his Iron-works." Mr. Thoraas sold one- third part of this estate
to Joseph Blake, October 20, 1763, and Blake sold his share to
Lot Whitcomb, January 18, 1770, which then erabraced one
third part of a dwelling-house, one third of a corn-raill, one sixth
of a saw-raill, and one third of a forge and coal-house. In
October, 1772, this forge is described as the property of Sarauel
Beals and Araos Thoraas. I have not further traced the change
of ownership. While the forge was in possession of Colonel
Wheeler, a sad event occurred. As I reraember the story, Nathan
Bonney, aged 17 years, in a corapetitive trial of strength, lifted
one of the trip-hammers, weighing six hundred pounds ; he very
1 Colonel Wheeler's son, William A. in Worcester, acquired a wide reputation
Wheeler, as manager of a furnace in and a large estate.
Brookfield and an extensive iron-foundry

310 HISTORY OF HARDWICK.
soon became sick, and died April 13, 1811, as it was reported,
" of spotted fever, after an illness of 34 hours ; " ^ but his death
was generally supposed to have been occasioned by his foolhardy
rashness. Paper Mills. About the year 1832 a paper miU was
erected by Joseph S. and Moses Sraith on Ware River, on the
spot now occupied by one of the mills of the George H. GUbert
Manufacturing Company. The easterly end, with two engines,
was rented to Thornton K. Merrick and William Dickinson for
the raanufacture of wrapping paper. The westerly end, fitted
for four engines, was occupied by Williara Mixter and Moses
Sraith, about two years, for the raanufacture of printing paper,
and afterwards by Moses Sraith alone. In 1842 the building
was leased to Laflin and Clark, who manufactured writing
paper ; at the expiration of their lease it was again rented to
George Maynard for the same purpose ; while in his hands, the
building was burned, and the business was abandoned.
In 1866, Dr. Almon M. Orcutt of Hardwick, and Dr. D.
W. Miner and Mr. George Robinson of Ware, purchased the
water-privilege on Ware River, near Barre, long known as
"White's MUls," designated on the R. Map by the letters "N.
W.," and organized the " Ware River Paper Co." They im
mediately coramenced the erection of a mill, which was com
pleted in 1867, at the cost of $75,000. About this time Mr.
Robinson withdrew from the corapany, and the business was
carried on by Drs. Orcutt and Miner about three years. The
principal article manufactured was white wall paper. In 1870,
Fred. A. Mellen, who had been superintendent for Drs. Orcutt
and Miner, purchased the mill, and manufactured book paper
until the following year, when he died, and the business seeras
to have been discontinued. It was afterwards resumed, and
prosecuted with more or less regularity and success, and with
occasional interruptions.
About 1880 a new corapany was organized, understood to con
sist of Henry Page of Fitchburg, George W- Wheelwright and
D. S. Greenough of Boston, and Andrew J. Bartholoraew of
Southbridge, with a capital of $80,000. The raiU is well sup
plied with all the raodern iraproveraents for paper-making, and
its capacity is about to be increased by additional machinery.
The following facts in regard to its present condition were kindly
1 Massachusetts Spy, April 24, 1811.

STATISTICS. 311
furnished by the superintendent, J. W. Plowman, under date of
February 13, 1882 : " Page Paper Co. is the title of this cor
poration. Number of hands, — male 23, feraale 14. We raanu
facture a N° 1 News, and Book Papers of various kinds, of which
we produce about 800 tona per annum. The present company
commenced business a little more than a year ago."

CHAPTER XVI.
CIVIL OPPICEES.
Councillors. — Senators. —Representatives. — Delegates to Congresses and
Conventions. — Justices of the Court of Common Pleas. — Justices of the
Peace. — Moderators. — Selectmen. — Assessors. — Town Clerks. — Town
Treasurers. The following list of Civil Officers, resident in Hardwick, is
compiled chiefly from official records of the State and of the
Town : — COUNCILLORS.
General Timothy Ruggles was elected CounciUor in 1764, but de
clined the service. He was appointed Mandamus CounciUor in 1774,
and was sworn into office.
General Jonathan Warner, being one of tbe Senators of the County,
was elected Councillor in 1795 and 1796.
SENATORS.
Jonathan Warner, 1781 - 1785, Joseph Stone, 1845, 1846.
1791-1796. John Raymond, 1850.
Samuel Eastman, 1819, 1820. WiUiam Mixter, 1857.
REPRESENTATIVES.
Timothy Ruggles, 1754, 1755, Ichabod Dexter, 1782, 1783.
1757-1759, 1761-1770. John Hastings, 1786, 1800-1804,
Daniel Oliver, 1770. 1809.
Paul MandeU, 1773, 1774. Martin Kinsley, 1787, 1788, 1790-
Stephen Rice, 1775, 1777, 1784. 1792, 1794-1796.*
WiUiam Paige, 1776, 1778-1780. Timothy Paige (Esq.), 1805-1821."
Jonathan Warner, 1777, 1780, Seth Peirce, 1806.
1785,1798,1799. Jason Mixter, 1810, 1815, 1816,
Timothy Paige (Colonel), 1781. 1837.
1 Major Kinsley removed to Hampden, and Judge of Probate. He died at Kox-
Me., in 1798, and was afterwards repre- bury, June 20, 1835.
sentative, senator, councillor, representa- ^ Timothy Paige died in office, Octo-
tivein Congress, Judge of Common Pleas, ber 29, 1821, having served for seventeen
successive years.

CIVIL OFFICERS.

313

Jeduthun Spooner, 1811-1814.
Joseph Stone, 1823.
Samuel BiUings, 1826, 1827, 1829.
Moses AUen, 1830, 1832, 1838.
Scotto Berry, 1833.
Samuel F. Cutler, 1835.
Gardner Ruggles, 1838, 1839.
John Raymond, 1840.
WiUiam Anderson, 1841, 1842.
Stephen W. Paige, 1843, 1844.
Constant Southworth, 1847, 1857.

Franklin Ruggles, 1850.
Alvan Southworth, 1851.
Forester B. Aiken, 1852, 1860.
WiUiam Mixter, 1854, 1856, 1868.
James P. Lynde, 1855.
Orin Trow, 1861.
Albert E. Knight, 1864.
Samuel S. Denuis, 1866.
Jubal C. Gleason, 1870.
Almon M. Orcutt, 1874.
James H. Walker, 1882.

DELEGATES TO PROVINCIAL CONGRESSES.
' I (1st) at Concord, October, 1774.

Paul MandeU.
Stephen Rice,
Paul Mandell, (2d) at Cambridge, February, 1775.

at Watertown, May, 1775.

At Worcester, August, 1774, County Convention
for the Public Safety.
At Cambridge, September, 1779, to frame a Con
stitution for the State.

DELEGATES TO CONVENTIONS.
Paul Mandell,
Stephen Rice,
Jonathan Warner,
John Bradish,
WUliam Paige,
Jonathan Warner,
John Hastings,
Timothy Paige (Colonel), at Concord, October, 1779, to affix prices.
Martin Kinsley, at Boston, February, 1788, to act on Federal Constitu
tion.
Timothy Paige (Esq.), ) At Boston, November, 1820, to revise tbe Con-
Joseph Stone, j stitution of Massachusetts.
JUSTICES OP THE COURT OP COMMON PLEAS.
Timothy Ruggles, AprU 19, 1757, Jonathan Warner, May 27, 1799,
Chief Justice January 21, 1762- died January 7, 1803.
1774. JUSTICES OP THE PEACE.
Timothy Ruggles, AprU 19, 1754 ; Jonathan Warner, April 26, 1787 ;
also of the Quorum. also of the Quorum.
Daniel Oliver, January 13, 1768 ; Martin Kinsley, October 14, 1789 ;
died in England, May 6, 1826. died at Roxbury, 1835.
Paul MandeU, September 26, 1775 ; Seth Paddleford, July 2, 1796.*
died September 16, 1809. John Hastings, February 4, 1802 ;
died May 29, 1829.
1 Removed to Taunton, and was Judge of Probate ; he died January 7, 1810.

814

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Timothy Paige, May 9, 1803 ; Quo
rum, August 29, 1816; died Oc
tober 29, 1821.
William Cutler, February 20, 1808 ;
died February 9, 1832.
Daniel Ruggles, March 9, 1811;
died February 26, 1838.
Samuel Eastman, November 18,
1812 ; Quorum, January 20,
1820.1
Thoraas Wheeler, February 21,
1814.=
Samuel Hinkley, January 22, 1819 ;
died January 19, 1849.
Jason Mixter, June 16, 1821 ; died
January 31, 1850.
Samuel F. Cutler, February 17,
1824."
Samuel Billings, January 22, 1828.*
Joseph Stone, January 29, 1828 ;
died June 27, 1849.
Ebenezer Perry, January 26, 1829 ;
died June 27, 1845.
Joseph Knox, May 14, 1831.*
Gardner Ruggles, December 13,
1839 ; died August 5, 1853.
John Raymond, February 17, 1841 ;
died June 6, 1854.

Joel W. Fletcher, May 22, 1841."
Stephen W. Paige, March 1, 1843 ;
died February 24, 1871.
William Mixter, March 1, 1845.
WUliam Anderson, February 17,
1848; died April 21, 1867.
Constant Southworth, April 15,
1850 ; died December 5, 1877.
Dwight Billings, April 30, 1851.'
Almon M. Orcutt, March 22, 1854.
James P. Lynde, May 23, 1855.'
John G. Dennis, July 15, 1856 ;
died July 31, 1858.
Daniel S. Collins, September 2,
1858.
Andrew J.- Bartholomew, Novem
ber 18, 1858. Removed to South-
bridge.
Albert E Knight, May 27, 1861.
James P. Fay, April 27, 1864;
Trial Justice, AprU 27, 1869.
William H. Tucker, January 16,
1867.
John F. Rich, August 24, 1871.
G. Albert Williams, Trial Justice,
April 22, 1873.
Alfred H. Richardson, December
21, 1875.

Moderators of Annual Town Meetings.

Benjamin Smith, 1737.°
Joseph AUen, 1738, 1740-1742,
1745, 1766-1769, 1771, 1773,
1775.
Christopher Paige, 1739," 1744,
1747, 1749, 1750, 1754, 1758.
Eleazar Warner, 1743, 1746, 1748.
Constant Merrick, 1751.
1 Removed to Springfield ; died at Am
herst,,April 11, 1865.
* Removed to Ticonderoga, N. Y. ;
died at Worcester, April 26, 1851.
^ Removed to Amherst, and died there,
September 9, 1863.
* Removed to Greenfield ; died at
Worcester, May 13, 1868.
^ Removed to Rock Island, 111. ; died
August 6, 1881.

Benjamin Ruggles, 1752, 1753,
1755, 1759, 1762, 1765, 1770.
Paul Mandell, 1756, 1757, 1760,
1761.
Timothy Ruggles, 1763, 1764.
WUliam Paige, 1772, 1774, 1776-
1778, 1781.
Jonathan Warner, 1779, 1780,
' Removed to Leominster and Cam
bridge; died at Chicago, February 15,
1880. ' Removed to Connecticut; died No
vember 23, 1881.
' Removed to Athol.
° District meeting.
w First March meeting after incorpora
tion of the town.

CIVIL OFFICERS.

815

1782, 1787, 1788, 1790, 1791,
1795, 1798, 1799, 1801.
David AUen, 1783-1786, 1793.
Martin Kinsley, 1789, 1794, 1796.
Daniel Warner, 1792.
John Hastings, 1797.
Daniel Ruggles, 1800.
Timothy Paige, 1802-1821, except
1807.
James Paige, 1807.
Samuel Eastman, 1822, 1823.
WUliam Cutler, 1824.
Samuel BiUings, 1825-1827, 1833.
Moses AUen, 1828-1830.

Ebenezer Perry, 1831, 1832, 1836,
1841.
Joseph Knox, 1834, 1835, 1837.
John Raymond, 1838-1840, 1842-
1850, 1852.
Constant Southworth, 1851, 1853,
1855, 1857-1860, 1863, 1866,
1867, 1873.
Almon M. Orcutt, 1854, 1856.
William Mixter, 1861, 1862, 1865.
Joseph W. Powers, 1864, 1868-
1871.
Samuel S. Dennis, 1872, 1874-
1882.

Selectmen.

Benjamin Smith, 1737, 1739.
Joseph Allen, 1737, 1738, 1740-
1742, 1745-1748, 1750, 1751,
1756, 1757, 1766-1769, 1771-
1773.
Samuel Robinson, 1737, 1741,
1742, 1748, 1752-1757.
Stephen Griffith, 1737.
Benjamin Ruggles, 1737, 1738,
1743, 1744, 1746, 1749, 1750,
1752-1755, 1758, 1759, 1761,
1765, 1770.
Jonathan Warner, 1738, 1740-
1742, 1745, 1751.
John Wells, 1788-1741.
Constant Merrick, 1738, 1739,
1742, 1747, 1749, 1756, 1760,
1762-1764, 1770.
Eleazar Warner, 1739, 1743, 1744,
1746-1748.
WiUiam Thomas, 1739.
Christopher Paige, 1740, 1741,
1743,1744, 1749-1751.
John Foster, 1740, 1741.
George Abbott, 1742.
Nathaniel Whitcomb, 1745, 1752,
1753, 1758, 1759.
Timothy Ruggles, 1754.
Elisha Hedge, 1755, 1758, 1759,
1762-1764.

Paul MandeU, 1756, 1757, 1760,
1761, 1765, 1766, 1770, 1772-
1775.
Ezra Leonard, 1760, 1767, 1768,
1776.
John Cooper, 1761.
Stephen Fay, 1762-1764.
WiUiam Paige, 1765, 1769-1773,
1775-1778.
Roland Sears, 1767-1769, 1771.
Joseph Warner, 1770.
Thomas Robinson, 1771-1773,
1776, 1777.
Daniel Warner, 1771-1773, 1776,
1784, 1786.
Timothy Newton, 1774, 1777, 1786.
Stephen Rice, 1774, 1775, 1779,
1780.
Jonathan Warner (General), 1774,
1775, 1779.
Elisha BiUings, 1774.
John Bradish, 1775.
Abraham Knowlton, 1776, 1780.
David AUen, 1777, 1781-1785,
1792-1798.
Timothy Paige (Colonel), 1777-
1780.
Gamaliel CoUins, 1778.
Daniel BiUings, 1778, 1782, 1784,
1787-1790.

316

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Elijah Warner, 1779, 1780, 1782,
1793-1795.
John Hastings, 1778-1780, 1795.
Aaron Barlow, 1781.
Ichabod Dexter, 1781, 1782, 1785.
Ephraim Pratt, 1781.
Isaiah Hatch, 1781, 1782.
Daniel Egery, 1783, 1787-1792.
James Paige, Jr. (Major), 1783-
1786, 1791-1794, 1803-1805.
Charles Doolittle, 1783.
John Paige, 1783-1785.
Moses Mandell, 1785, 1786, 1800-
1802, 1817.
James Lawton, 1786.
Seth Peirce, 1787-1791, 1803-
1805.
Nathaniel Paige, 1787.
Seth Johnson, 1787-1790.
Job Dexter, 1788-1794, 1796-
1799, 1803-1805.
Lemuel WUlis, 1791, 1792.
Prince Nye, 1793-1799, 1806-
1810.
Seth Hinkley, Jr., 1795, 1796.
Jeduthun Spooner, 1796-1800,
1811, 1812.
Jonathan Danforth, 1797.
Timothy Paige (Esq.), 1798-1810,
1817-1821.
Daniel Ruggles, 1799-1802.
Samuel Hinkley, 1800-1810.
Samuel Beals, 1801, 1802.
Jason Mixter, 1806-1810, 1817-
1819, 1835-1839.
Lemuel Newton, 1806.
Elijah B. Harmon, 1807, 1811.
Henry Fish, 1808-1812.
Jonathan Warner, 1811-1813.
Samuel Dexter, Jr., 1811-1813,
1829.
Moses Allen, 1812-1815, 1817-
1825, 1829-1831, 1835, 1836.
Lewis Howe, 1813, 1814.
Samuel Eastman, 1813-1816.
Thomas Egery, 1814-1816.

Thomas R. Smith, 1814-1816,
1836, 1837.
Moses Wheeler, 1815, 1816.
Samuel BiUings, 1816, 1818-1825.
Joseph Stone, 1817-1822, 1826.
Ezra Ruggles, 1820.
Samuel F. Cutler, 1821-1825,
1836.
WUliam Walker, 1822-1824.
David Paige, 1823.
Scotto Berry, 1824, 1826-1829,
1835.
Martin MandeU, 1825.
Ebenezer Perry, 1825-1828.
Charies Paige, 1826.
WUliam Sumner, 1826.
Stephen Morton, 1827.
.John Gilbert, 1827, 1828.
Joseph Robinson (Colonel), 1827,
1828, 1830.
Joseph Robinson, 2d, 1828-1830.
Haffield Gould, 1829-1832, 1836-
1845.
Warren Smith, 1830.
John Dean, 1831-1833, 1847, 1848.
Beals Thomas, 1831.
Marshall Nye, 1831, 1832.
Joseph Knox, 1832.
Walter Mandell, 1832-1834.
Timothy P. Anderson, 1833, 1834.
Joseph Whipple, 1833.
Ebenezer Burt, Jr., 1833.
Anson F. AUen, 1834.
James Browning, 1834, 1838, 1839.
John Raymond, 1834, 1837-1840,
1842-1850, 1852-1854.
Elbridge Cutler, 1835.
Mark HaskeU, 1835.
Charles C. Spooner, 1837-1839,
1846-1848, 1852, 1865-1868.
Sardius Sibley, 1840.
WUUam Anderson, 1840-1846,
1854, 1856.
Adolphus Bartholomew, 1840.
Gardner Bartholomew, 1841, 1847.
William Mixter, 1841-1843.

CIVIL OFFICERS.

317

Erastus W. Paige, 1841-1846.
Asa Sturtevant, 1844-1846.
Constant Southworth, 1847-1849,
1851, 1854, 1855, 1863, 1864.
Timothy Fay, 1848.
LUly S. Manly, 1849, 1850, 1856.
Dwight BiUings, 1850, 1851, 1853.
Moses Lawrence, 1851, 1855.
Forester B. Aiken, 1851.
Orin Trow, 1851, 1863, 1865-1868.
James H. Walker, 1852, 1856,
1857, 1872-1874.
Joseph W. Powers, 1853, 1854,
1856-1862.

Adonijah Dennis, 1855.
Alvin Cleveland, 1855.
H. G. Otis Monroe, 1855.
Henry B. Gould, 1856-1862.
George Manly, 1857-1862, 1869-
1882.
WiUiam P. Euggles, 1857.
Elbridge MandeU, 1863.
Nathan W. Sargent, 1864.
Samuel S. Dennis, 1864-1882.
Calvin W. Mann, 1869-1871.
Alfred H. Richardson, 1875.
George Warner, 1876-1882.

Assessors.

WUliam Maccoye, 1737.
Benjamin Ruggles, 1737, 1738,
1741, 1743, 1744, 1746, 1749,
1750, 1758, 1759, 1761.
Experience Johnson, 1737.
Joseph AUen, 1738, 1740-1742,
1745-1748, 1750-1757, 1765-
1767, 1773.
Jonathan Warner, 1738, 1745.
John WeUs, 1738, 1739.
Constant Merrick, 1738, 1739,
1742, 1747, 1749, 1760, 1762-
1764.
Eleazar Warner, 1739, 1743, 1744,
1746-1748.
Benjamin Smith, 1739.
William Thomas, 1739.
Christopher Paige, 1740, 1743,
1744, 1749, 1750.
John Foster, 1740, 1741.
Samuel Robinson, 1742, 1748,
1757.
Nathaniel Whitcomb, 1745, 1758,
1759.
Paul MandeU, 1751, 1752, 1754-
1757, 1760, 1761, 1769, 1770,
1772, 1774, 1775.
Stephen Fay, 1751, 1753, 1762-
1766.
John Cooper, 1752-1756, 1761,
1765, 1766, 1768, 1769.

Elisha Hedge, 1758, 1759, 1762-
1764.
Ezra Leonard, 1760.
Jonas Fay, 1766, 1767.
Thomas WeUs White, 1767-1769,
1771, 1776, 1777.
Challis Saffijrd, 1769.
Joseph Warner, 1770.
WiUiam Paige, 1770, 1772, 1773,
1776.
Daniel Wheeler, 1771, 1783.
David Allen, 1771, 1777, 1778,
1780, 1783-1787, 1795, 1796.
Daniel Warner, 1772, 1773, 1776-
1780, 1784-1786.
Stephen Rice, 1774, 1775.
Josiah Lock, 1774.
Barnabas Sears, 1775.
Thomas Wheeler, 1777, 1782.
John Hastings, 1777, 1779, 1782,
1793, 1794.
SUvanus Washburn, 1778-1780,
1782-1787.
Ephraim Cleveland, 1781.
Seth Johnson, 1781.
James Paige, Jr. (Major), 1781,
1787-1794, 1796, 1803-1805,
1809-1811, 1813.
Daniel Ruggles, 1787-1792, 1801,
1802, 1823-1825.

318

HISTORY OF HARDWICK.

Lemuel WiUis, 1788-18.00, 1802,
1806, 1807.
Jonathan Danforth, 1795, 1797.
Seth Hinkley, 1797-1800.
Timothy Paige, 1798-1821.
Moses MandeU, 1801, 1806-1808,
1817-1819.
Jeduthun Spooner, 1803-1805,
1814-1816.
Timothy BiUings, 1808-1811.
Samuel Hinkley, 1812, 1813.
Thomas Wheeler (Colonel), 1812.
Ebenezer Perry, 1814-1816, 1826-
1830, 1835, 1837, 1841.
Samuel Billings, 1817-1828, 1833,
1834.
Moses Allen, 1820, 1822-1825,
1828-1831, 1835, 1836.
Lemuel Harrington, 1821, 1822.
Samuel F. Cutler, 1826, 1827,
1835, 1836.
Franklin Ruggles, 1829.
Walter MandeU, 1830-1834, 1837-
1840.
Scotto Berry, 1831, 1832.
Joseph Whipple, 1831-1834, 1841.
David BiUings, 1831.
Ebenezer Burt, Jr., 1836-1838.
Gardner Ruggles, 1838-1840, 1844,
1850.
Sardius Sibley, 1839.
Anson F. Allen, 1840-1843, 1850,
1851, 1857-1860.
Adolphus Bartholomew, 1842,1843.

John Raymond, 1842-1849, 1852-
1854.
WiUiam Anderson, 1844-1846,
1850-1852, 1854, 1856.
Dwight BiUings, 1845-1849.
LUly S. Manly, 1847-1849.
Moses Ruggles, 1851, 1866.
Constant Southworth, 1852-1854,
1865.
Edward Dean, 1853.
Timothy Fay, 1855.
Lysander Powers, 1855.
Emory B. Foster, 1855, 1863.
Forester B. Aiken, 1856-1860.
WiUiam Browning, 1856, 1857.
WiUiam P. Ruggles, 1858, 1859,
1861.
Moses Smith, 1860.
Orin Trow, 1861, 1862.
Joel D. Mandell, 1861-1863.
Leander Sibley, 1862-1864, 1866-
1873.
James W. Powers, 1864, 1867-
1870.
George Manly, 1864, 1867, 1868.
Nathan W. Sargent, 1865.
John B. Aiken, 1865.
George Warner, 1866, 1869-1874.
John J. Newcomb, 1871-1877.
Samuel D. Kendall, 1874-1878.
Joel L. Powers, 1875-1882.
James P. Fay, 1878-1882.
Calvin W. Manu, 1879-1882.

Town Clerks.

Samuel Robinson, 1737, 1738,
1741,1 1742.
Cornelius Cannon, 1739.
John Foster, 1740, 1741.
Experience Johnson, 1743-1746.
Joseph AUen, 1747-1764.
John Cooper, 1765-1769.
' Elected in place of John Foster.
' Elected in place of John Cooper.
' Elected in place of Thomas Wells
White.

Thomas Wells White, 1769,'' 1771,
1777.
Paul Mandell, 1770.
David AUen, 1777.=
SUvanus Washburn, 1778-1787.
Lemuel WUlis, 1787 *-1800, 1806-
1808, 1810, 1811.
* Elected in place of Silvanus Wash
burn.

CIVIL OFFICERS.

319

Jeduthun Spooner, 1801-1805.
Samuel Eastman, 1809.
Samuel Hinkley, 1812-1828.
Joseph Stone, 1829-1848.

WiUiam Mixter, 1849-1857.
Almon M. Orcutt, 1858, 1860.
George Ruggles, 1859, 1860.^
Albert E. Knight, 1861-1882.

Town Treasurers.

John Wells, 1737-1740.
Joseph AUen, 1741, 1742, 1763-
1769.
Benjamin Ruggles, 1743.
Jonathan Warner, 1744-1762.
Jonathan Warner (General), 1770-
1777, 1779, 1780.
David Allen, 1778.
Timothy Paige, 1781-1786.
Martin Kinsley, 1787-1792.
Daniel Ruggles, 1793-1798.
Joseph Allen (2d), 1799-1807.
Elijah B. Harmon, 1808-1810,
1812-1825.

Moses MandeU, 1811.
Elbridge Cutler, 182G-1831.
Jason Mixter, 1832-1835, 1840-
1845.
Walter MandeU, 1836, 1837.
Gardner Ruggles, 1838, 1839.
William Mixter, 1846-1849, 1851-
1862.
Dwight Billings, 1850.
Frazier Paige, 1863-1866.
Albert E. Knight, 1867-1877.
Lucien D. Trow, 1878.
Almon M. Orcutt, 1879-1882.

1 Died January 7, 1861, and A. M. Orcutt served for remainder of his term.

GENEALOGICAL REGISTER.^

Abbott, George, " with three sons, George, Nehemiah, and Thomas, emi
grated from England. He d. in Rowley, a. d. 1647." Abbott Genealogy,
p. 147.
2. George, s. o£ George (1), " settled in Andover 1655, where he m., May
1658, Sarah Farnum, and lived near the North meeting-house, served as sex
ton, and was respected; he d. 22 Mar. 1689; she d. 1728, a,. 90, the widow of
Henry Ingalls, who d. 1719, a. 92. Their chil. were George, b. 28 Jan. 1659,
d. 24 Jan. 1724; Sarah, b. 6 Sep. 1660; John, b. 26 Aug. 1662; Mary, b. 29
Mar. 1664; Nehemiah, b. 20 July 1667; d. 8 Oct. 1750; Hannah, h. 20 Sep.
1668; Mehetabel, b. 17 Feb. 1671, d. young; Lydia, b. 29 Sep. 1675; Samuel,
b. 30 May 1678; Mehetabel, b. 4 Ap. 1680." Abbott Gen. p. 147.
3. George, s. of George (2), "m., 1689, Elizabeth Ballard, who d. May
1706, and he m. Hannah Easty." His chih were " George, b. 17 July ]691;
Uriah, b. 26 Nov. 1692, d. 7 Ap. 1770; Jacob, b. 19 Mar. 1694, m., 1722, Ruth
Foster, settled in Brookfield, Mass.; Elizabeth, h. 6 Nov. 1695, m., 1714, Deac.
David Foster, Boxford, who d. June 1759; Obed, b. 6 Mar. 1697, d. 11 May
1772; Moses, b. 4 Feb. 1699; Peter; Sarah, m. Comfort Barns, Brookfield;
Hannah, m., 1727, David Gilbert, Brookfield." Abbott Gen. pp. 147, 148.
4. George, s. of George (3), of " Hardwick, d. at Bennington, Vt., about
1771. His ehil. were isaac; Jacob; Sarah, m.  Roberts, Morristown, Vt.;
Timothy, d. 3 Nov. 1807, a. 69; Ruth, m.  Pratt, Shaftsbury, Vt." Abbott
Gen. p. 158. This George was the first of his family who resided in Hard
wick. According to the Church Record, his chil. born here, by w. Rebecca,
were Ruth, bap. 8 May 1737, m. Timothy Pratt 14 Oct. 1756, prob. rem. to
Bennington, and perhaps afterwards to Shaftsbury, Vt.; Timothy, bap. 10 June
1739, prob. the same who assisted in rescuing Remember Baker from his cap
tors at Bennington, 22 Mar. 1772. See Records of the Council of Safety, etc.,
Vermont, i. 150; Mary, bap. 7 June 1741, d. 5 May 1753. Of tbe chil. b.
before tlie removal to Hk., Sarah m. Jolin Roberts 1 Ap. 1752, a.nd prob. rem.
to Morristown. Besides these there was a s. George (named below) who was
b. about 1 720. George the f. was a blacksmith, one of the earliest white
1 This plan of a Genealogical Register is Greenwich; Hk., for Hardwick; N. Br., for
adopted because it is less complicated than New Braintree; N. Brk., for North Brook-
others, yet sufficiently particular for all prac- field; N. Sal., for New Salem; Pelh., for
tical purposes. The sj'stem is too plain and Pelham; Pet, for Petersham; Presc., for
obvious to require any explanation. The Prescott; Roch., for Rochester; Shutes., for
ordinary abbreviations are used, such as a., Shutesbury; Springf., for Springfield; W.
for aged; b., for born; bap., for baptized; Brk., for West Brookfield; Wore, for Wor-
chil., for children; d., for died; d. s. p., for cester; and if there be any other, the refer-
died without issue ; m., for married ; f ., for ence will he easily perceived. As already
father; w., for wife or widow; s., for son; stated in the Preface, the contraction, "K.
dau., for daughter; rem., for removed; res., Map," which so often occurs, indicates the
for resides or resided; ret., for returned, etc. Ruggles Map, or a map of Hardwick drawn
The names of towns are also frequently by Gardner IJuggleg, Esq., about fifty j'ears
abbreviated, as Amh., for Amherst; Bel., for ago, showing the position of each dwelling-
Belchertowu' Brk., for Brookfield; Dart, house and its distance from the Common.
for Dartmouth; Enf., for Enfield; Gr., for
21

322 ABBOTT — AIKEN.
inhabitants of Hk., an original member of the First Church, afterwards joined
the Separate Church, and prob. rem., with most of its members, to Benning
ton, Vt., where he is said to have d. "about 1771."
5. George, s. of George (4), m. Martha Ayers of Brookfield 5 Dec. 1745,
and had in Hk. Nathan, bap. 1746; Lydia, b. 16 Sep. 1747; Samuel, b. 24
Aug. 1750; Nathaniel, b. 8 Nov. 1753. George the f. d. prob. 1761, as the
inventory of his estate was presented, 16 Aug. 1761, by his w. Martha, who m.
Benjamin Roberts 29 Feb. 1764. In the settlement of his estate, 9 Sep. 1762,
provision was made for "fulfilling the obligation the deceased gave unto his
father George Abbott for paying him a yearly annuity of eight pounds, and
maintaining'his mother if she should outlive his father." Worcester Prob.
Rec. 6. Isaac, s. of George (4), m. Elizabeth Goodnow 14 Aug. 1760, and had
David, b. 17 July 1762. Isaac the f. was a simple inoffensive man, who in
his old age afforded much amusement to children by a peculiarly shrill whistle,
produced, according to my recollection, by placing his fingers in his mouth.
He became a pauper, and d. 25 Ap. 1814, a. 82.
7. Jacob, s. of George (4), was adm. to the ch. 4 Ap. 1742. No further
trace of him is found on the records.
8. Samuel, perhaps s. of George (4), was a soldier in the old French War,
and was killed at Fort Massachusetts 2 Aug. 1748. His service is described
in a muster roll among Col. I. Williams' papers, preserved in the Library of
the Massachusetts Historical Society.
Adams, James, had dau. Mary, bap. 16 Dec. 1750; nothing more is ascer
tained concerning him.
2. Oliver, by w. Elizabeth, had Enoch., Elizabeth, and Mary Parkhurst,
all bap. 20 June 1810.
Aiken, Jambs (otherwise written Aikens, Aitkens, Ekens, Ekins, and
Eakins), is said to have been an emigrant from Scotland. He res. several
years in Brookfield, where he m. Mercy Oibbs, 15 Oct. 1718, and where all
his chil. were prob. boi-n, though only one of the births appears on record,
namely, " Marcy Ekens, daughter of James and Marcy, born January y° 3''
17|f." She m. William Paige of Hk. 12 Jan. 1743-4, and d. 19 Feb. 1823, at
tbe great age of one hundred and two years, having been a member of the
church more than eighty-six years. Of the chil. whose births are not found
on record, were John, Solomon, aud perhaps Abigail, who m. James Bacon,
5 June 1755, and aho Marga.ret, who m. Nathaniel Whitcomb, Jr., 19 June
1755. James the f. was one of the pioneers in the settlement of Hk., and res.
on the easterly side of Great JMeadow Brook, about a mile and a half south of
the meeting-house, on or near the spot marked " Z. Phinney " on Ruo-gles's
Map of Hardwick. It was currently reported by his contemporaries, that,
before he rem. his family, and while he was preparing a shelter for them in the
wilderness, his dau. Mercy, then about twelve or thirteen years old, many
times rode through the pathless forest between Brk. and Hk. on horseback,
guided by marked trees, to convey his weekly rations of food, — thus display
ing that energy wbich characterized her whole life. He was Superintendent
of the Hardwick Fair from its establishment in 1762 until 1771, and d. 10 Aug.
1775, a. 82. His w. Mercy united with the church 29 May 1737; the date of
her death does not appear.
2. John, s. of James (1), came to Hk. with his father about 1733. He m.
Jerusha Atwood 19 Oct. 1749, and had Hannah, b. 6 Aug. 1750, d. unm. 9 Dec.
1814; Jerusha, b. 17 Ap. 1752, d. 24 Aug. 1753; Sarah, b. 16 Jan. 1754, m.
Elias Walker 27 Feb. 1772; John, b. 17 Mar. 1755; Atwood, b. 6 Sep. 1756;
Solomon, b. 15 July 1758, grad. D. C. 1784, ordained pastor of the church in
Draout, 4 June 1788, dismissed 4 June 1812, and entered the U. S. Army as
chaplain. He had served two years in the Revolutionary Army before enter
ing college. He m. Mary, dau. of Capt. Daniel Warner, pub. 12 Oct. 1788,
and had four sons and five daughters, all living in 1853. He rem. in 1818 to
Hardwick, Vt., was representative in 1821 and 1822, and d. 1 June 1833. He
was chiefly distinguished as a politician. See History of Mendon Association,

AIKEN. 323
pp. 227-229; Israel, b. 6 June 1760, m. Susanna Smith 23 Sep. 1784, at which
time he res. at Windsor; Jerusha, b. 26 Ap. 1762, m. Jedediah Fay 12 Nov.
1778; Samuel, b. 2 Feb. 1764, d. young; Bathsheba, bap. 17 Mar. 1765, d. unm.
27 Dec. 1797; Samuel, b. 4 July 1768, m. Raby Pettingell 30 July 1797. John
the f. was a housewright, and res. on part of the homestead. He d. not lono-
before 18 July 1768, when his Inventory was presented; his w. Jerusha m.
Benjamin Ruggles, Jr., 11 Feb. 1773, and d. 28 Oct. 1787, a. 57.
3. Solomon, s. of James (1), came to Hk. with his father, m. Dorcas, dau.
of Nathaniel Whitcomb, 8 Feb. 1749-50, and had Mercy, b. 16 Nov. 1750, m.
Benjamin Stebbins 24 Sep. 1772; James, h. 8 Oct. 1752, m. Abigail  , who
d. at Barnard, Vt., 10 July 1789, a. 29, and he there m. Gratis Graves 25 Mar.
1790; Anne, b. 31 Mar. 1754, m. Beriah Green, at Barnard, 26 Dec. 1781;
Margaret, b. 27 June 1755; Jerusha, b. 3 Oct. 1757; Nathaniel, h. 9 Oct. 1759,
m. Mary Tupper at B. 27 Dec. 1784; Dorcas, bap. (with Solomon) 13 Mar.
1763, m. Nathan Parmenter at B. 19 June 1781; Solomon, b. 3 Mar. (bap. 13
Mar.) 1763, m. Betsey  , and had two chil. at Barnard; Susanna, b. 3 Feb.
1765, m. Shiverick Crowell 15 Sep. 1785 at B.; Levina, b. 25 Aug. 1769;
Elijah, b. 11 Feb. 1772, m. Rebecca Tupper at B. 23 Ap. 1797. Solomon
the f. was a farmer and res. on a part of the homestead. He rem. with the
early emigrants from Hardwick to Barnard, Vt., and was one of the first board
of selectmen elected in that town at its organization, 9 Ap. 1778. He was a
very active and useful citizen, and d. 10 Dec. 1805, a. 79; his w. Dorcas d. 10
Dec. 1803, a. 73. This family is still represented in Barnard.
4. John, s. of John (2), m. Sarah, dau. of Benjamin Ruggles, Jr., 10 Oct.
1782, and had John, b.  1783; Benjamin, b.  ; iSarah, b.  , m.
Joseph Allen 3d, 12 May, 1814 ; Harriet, bap. 24 July 1791, d. unm. 3 Sep.
1869; Lucia, bap. 13 Ap. 1794, m. Jonas Winter of Shutesbury 6 Dec. 1826;
Clarissa, bap. 10 July 1796, d. 3 Sep. 1797 ; Bathsheba, bap. 27' May 1798, d.
25 May 1803; a child d. 20 June 1802, a. three weeks ; Samuel Ruggles, bap.
1 Jan. "1804, m. Nancy M. Smith of N. Sal., pub. 24 Ap. 1826, and soon rem.
from Hk. John the f. was a farmer and res. on the southerly part of the
homestead, at the place marked " L. Bartlett" on the Ruggles Map, where
-vestiges of the cellar and garden still remain. He d. 10 Sep. 1810 ; his w.
Sarah d. 17 Jan. 1822, a. 62.
5. Atwood, s. of John (2), m. Hannah Willis 9 Dec. 1779, and had Betsey,
b. 15 Jan. 1782; Calvin, b. 31 May 1783; Polly, bap. 8 Nov. 1789; Solomon,
bap. 31 July 1791. Atwood the f. rem. to Richfield, N. Y.
6. John, s. of John (4), m. Celia Brown of Ware, pub. 17 Jan. 1814, and
had H. Almeda, h. about 1819, m. George P. Wheeler of Pet. 13 June 1848;
John Brown, b. about 1823, m. Fidelia F., wid. of David A. Dean, 25 Feb.
1858, is a farmer and res. on his father's homestead ; Moses B. b. about 1825,
d. unm. 30 Oct. 1851, a. 26. John the f. was a farmer, res. at the place
marked "J. Aiken " on the Ruggles Map, and d. 13 Nov. 1854, a. 71 ; his
w. Celia d. 9 Oct. 1851, a. 67.
7. David, nephew of James (1), m. Hannah Simons of Ware 15 July
1765, and had Joseph, b. 16 Ap. 1766, m. Hannah Gibbs of N. Sal., pub. 5
March 1792, rem. early; Lucy, b. 27 Nov. 1767, m. Moses Paige 27 Aug.
1789, and d. 27 Mar. 1800; Mary, b. 17 Jan. 1769, m. Moses Paige, pub. 17
May 1801 ; he d. 5 Dec. 1818, and she m. Jonathan Marsh of Ware 1 Dec.
1824; Sila, b. 28 Dec. 1771, m. Paul Dean 8 Dec. 1811 ; he d. 23 Sep. 1828,
and she m. Nathaniel Fish of Presc. 30 Dec. 1835, and d. 7 Mar. 1844;
Hannah, b. 26 Nov. 1773, d. unm. 24 Ap. 1800 ; David, h. 3 Oct. 1778;
Annas, b. 9 June 1782, d. unm. 4 Feb. 1802. David the f. was a farmer and
resided on the road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " D. Aiken" on the
Ruggles Map. It is understood that he was left an orphan at an early age,
and was admitted to the family of his uncle, James Aiken. He d. 27 Feb.
1805, a. 70 ; his w. Hannah d. 28 July 1837, a. 97, as inscribed on her grave
stone. 8. David, s. of David (7), m. Patty, dau. of Capt. Zenas Phinney, 24 Ap.
1805, and had David, b. 10 Feb. 1806, m. Fanny Upton of Boston 17 Sep.

324 AIKEN — ALDEN.
1851 (she d. 29 Mar. 1878, a. 70) ; Forester Berry, b. 1 Mar. 1808 ; Annas, b.
9 Dec. 1811, d. 4 Ap. 1813; Brigham, b. 20 Feb. 1813, m. Sarah Pepper of
Warren 16 Ap. 1846, and d, s. p. 23 Feb. 1864; his w. d. 11 Nov. 1859, a.
47; Lewis, b. 6 Nov. 1816, res. several years in Boston where he m. Sarah J.
Sherman 1 Oct. 1844, ret. to Hk. and d. s. p. 29 Sep. 1875; a child b.  ,
d. 29 June 1818; Charles P., h. 20 Jan. 1821, m. Louisa, dau. of Dr. Joseph
Stone, 27 Sep. 1846. David the f. was a farmer, res. on the homestead, and
d. 18 Feb. 1852; his w. Patty d. 16 or 17 Ap. 1877, a. 92.
9. Forester Berry, s. of David (8), m. Fanny, dau. of Daniel Wheeler,
10 May 1837, and had Martha M., h. 2 Feb. 1839, d. 1 Feb. 1840 ; Mary Ann,
h. 23 Feb. 1841, m. George Manly 28 Feb. 1864 ; Charles W., b. 23 Feb. 1843,
pub. to Salome McKenney 25 May 1868, and had Charles E., b. 22 Nov. 1881;
Henry P. b. 16 Nov. 1844, m. Carrie L. Gilmore of Southbridge 22 Nov. 1869;
EUen F., b. 25 May 1847, m. Benjamin Manly 23 May 1874 ; Sarah E., b. 2
Feb. 1859 ; David, b. 20 Sep. 1862. Forester Berry the f. is a farmer and
res. on the homestead ; he has been representative, selectman, and assessor ; his
w. Fanny d. 23 Dec. 1872, a. 55.
Alden, John, m. the celebrated Priscilla Mullins, and had John ; Elizabeth,
m. William Paybod}^ and d. at Little Compton, 31 May 1717, in her 94th year,
as inscribed on her head-stone; Joseph ; Jonathan; Sarah; Ruth; Mary; Da
vid ; and three others, whose names are not ascertained. John the f. was one
of the Mayflower Pilgrims, and the last survivor of those who signed the orig
inal compact of government. He res. in Duxbury, was one of the Assistants,
and d. 12 Sep. 1687, a. 84 or 88, as Savage says {Gen. Diet.), or, according to
Winsor (Hist. Duxbury), 12 Sep. 1686, a. 87.
2. Joseph, s. of John (l),res. in Bridgewater, m. Mary Simmons, and had
Isaac ; Joseph; John ; Elizabeth; and Mary. He d. 8 Feb. 1697, a. 73.
3. David, s. of John (1), m. Mercy, dau. of Constant Southworth, and had
Ruth; Alice, m. Judah Paddock of Yarmouth, and d.  , a. 93 (her dau.
Rebecca m. Thomas Spooner 10 June 1742) ; Benjamin; Samuel, b. 1689.
4. Joseph, s. of Joseph (2), m. Hannah Dunham, and had Daniel ; Joseph,
d. young; Eleazar, b. 27 Sep. 1694; Hannah; Mary; Joseph; Jonathan;
Samuel ; Mehetabel ; Seth., Joseph the f . res. in Bridgew. was a deacon, and d.
22 Dec. 1747, a. 80.
5. Eleazak, s. of Joseph (4), m. Martha Shaw, and had Jonathan;
Eleazar; Absalom; David ; Joshua ; Caleb; Ezra; Timothy, h. 1736, grad. H.
C. 1762, pastor of the church in Yarmouth, and d. 13 Nov. 1828, a. 92.
Eleazar thef. res. in Bridgew. and d. 30 Jan. 1773, a. 79.
6. Ezra, s. of Eleazar (,5), m. Miriam Richardson of Stafford, Conn,, where
he had Sarah; Judith; Eunice; Ezra, b. 25 July 1769. His w. Miriam d.
and he m. Sarah, widow of Abel Harwood and dau. of Capt. Benjamin Ruggles,
2 Jan. 1772, by whom he had Miriam, d. young ; Dorothy; Anna: Abel ; Alice ;
Miriam. Ezra the f. rem. from Stafford to Greenwich in 1770, was elected
deacon in 1775, and d. in 1818, a. 84.
7. Ezra, s. of Ezra (6), m. Acbsah Stebbins, and had Pliny, b. 1 Ap. 1792 ;
Samuel, b. 25 Aug. 1793 ; Alma, b. 26 Aug. 1795; Jason, b. 26 June 1797, d.
young ; Abel, b. 23 July 1799 ; Emery, b. 2 July 1801 ; James, b. 10 Mar. 1804,
d. young; Sally Colburn, b. 30 July 1806, d. young ; Festus, b. 5 May 1808 ;
James Milton, b. 20 June 1810; Lyman, b. 31 Aug. 1812 ; Sarah, b. 13 Ap.
1818. Ezra thef. res. in Gr. and d. 23 Nov. 1846.
8. Pliny, s. of Ezra (7), m. Elizabeth AVorks at Shutesbury 11 Sep. 1828,
and had Cornelia, b. 10 Oct. 1830, for many years a school-teacher, m. Albert
E. Knight, Esq., 25 Oct. 1870 ; Mary E., b. 23 July 1831, m. Lorenzo West of
Pet. lo June 1853 ; John Pliny, twin, b. 20 Dec. 1834, d. at Wyandotte, Kan
sas, 2 June 1879 ; Juha A., twin, b. 20 Dec. 1834, m. Alden B. Spooner 7 Jan.
1873. Pliny the f. was a carpenter, and captain of militia; he rem. frrfm Gr.
to Hk. about 1832, res. at the north end of the Common, and d. 11 Mar 1877 •
his w. Elizabeth d. 17 Jan. 1878, a. 73.
9. Festus, s. of Ezra (7), m. Fanny N. Gibbs 28 Ap. 1831 ; she d. 19 Oct.
1838, and he m. Sylvia Terry 10 Sep. 1840. His chil. were Angeline, b. 20

ALDEN — ALLEN. 325
Nov. 1832, m. Lathrop C. Spicer 28 Nov. 1850; Theodore L., b. 17 May 1841;
George A., b. 11 Feb. 1846, d. 9 Sep. 1846 ; Harrison F., b. 20 Ap. 1848, d.
2 Deo. 1849 ; Ezra P. S., b. 27 Oct. 1851 ; Fanny L., b. 12 May 1854. Fes
tus the f. rem. from Gr. to Hk. before 27 Oct. 1851.
10. Lyman, s. of Ezra (7), by w. Dorcas, had Alonzo Lyman, b. 15 July
1845; Henrietta Augusta, b. 23 Sep. 1848; Loren (or Lona) Howard, b. 21
Sep. 1850.
11. Theodore L., ». of Festus (9), m. Emily Legrow 30 Ap. 1863, and
had Adin Royal, b. 20 Aug. 1873; Charles E., b. 3 May 1877.
12. Alonzo L., s. of Lyman (10), m. Henrietta M. Frost 15 Ap. 1868, and
had Lilian 2Iaria, b. 6 Nov. 1870.
Alexander, Isaac, by w. Elizabeth, had Lurana, b. 25 May 1866; and
by w. Alice, had Elizabeth, b. 22 Sep. 18 75.
2. Samuel, by w. Mary, had Henry, b. 6 Aucf. 1870.
3. Peter, m. Ellen Kennedy of Ware, 7 Feb. 1867, and had John, b. 27
Aug. 1870 ; David Kennedy, b. "23 Sep. 1873; Joseph Nelson, b. 29 May 1875.
Charles, of Winchester, N. H., m. Eliza Anderson 21 Sep. 1834. Jean-
ETTE m; Alexander Kennedy, pub. 31 Aug. 1868. Elizabeth, m. Charles
Nelson of Warren 28 Mar. 1814. Jeanette, d. 27 May 1880, a. 71.
Allen, Walter, res. in Newbury 1640, rem. to Watertown before Ap.
1662. By deed of gift, 1 Oct. 1603, he conveyed land in Wat. to his sons
Daniel and Joseph, and soon afterwards rem. to Charlestown, where he m.
Abigail Rogers 29 Nov. 1678, and d. 8 July 1681, naming in his will, dated
19 Feb. 1679-80, w. Abigail and chih John of Sudbury, Daniel, and Joseph.
2. Joseph, s. of Walter (1), res. in Weston, where he m. Anna Brazier 11
Oct. 1667, and had Abigail, b. and d. Dec. 1668 ; Rebecca, b. 8 Ap. 1670, d.
30 Jan. 1674-5; Anna, b. 22 Aug. 1674, d. 26 Jan. 1697-8; Joseph, b. 16
June 1677; Nathaniel, b. 8 Dec. 1687, a deacon in Weston; Sarah, b.  ,
d. 15 Feb. 1698-9; Deborah, h.  , m. John Moore of Sudbury 24 Dec. 1714;
Rachael, b.  , m. Joseph Adams of Cambridge 26 June 1718; Patience, b.
 . Joseph the f. d. 9 Sep. 1721; his w. Anna d. in Dec. 1720.
3. .Joseph, s. of Joseph (2), res. in Weston, where he d. 1 Nov. 1729; his
first w. Elizabeth d. in Nov. 1712, and he soon m. Abigail  . His chil.
were Isaac, b. 10 Nov. 1701; Prudence, b. 18 May 1703, m. Isaac Hagar 16
July, 1724; Ame, b. 21 Sep. 1706; Rebecca, h. 25 Feb. 1707-8; Joseph, b.
 1709 ; Elizabeth, bap. 8 Ap. 1711; Ann, bap. 8 Ap. 1711, pub. to Daniel
Mason (?_) of Lexington 14 Mar. 1726-27; Silence, bap. 23 Nov. 1712 ; Daoid,
b. 26 Sep. 1714; Abigail b. 14 May 1716; Elijah, h. 11 Sep. 1718; Sarah, h.
10 Aug. 1720 ; Tabitha, b. 26 Oct. 1722, m. Abraham Whitney 20 Jan. 1742-3;
Daniel, b. 31 Aug. 1724; Timothy, b. 8 Ap. 1727. Thus far I have followed
the account of this family, given by Bond in his Watertown Genealogies, ex
cept in regard to Joseph, whom he omits, David, whom he calls Daniel, and
Ame (or Amy), whom he calls Ann, and says she " d. soon." There are other
inaccuracies in his list, as appears by the variations between it and the names
subscribed to an agreement by the children and heirs at law of Joseph Allen
of Weston deceased, dated 30 Sep. 1731, which is preserved in the Middlese.x
Probate Office, to wit: Isaac Allen; Joseph Allen; Isaac Hagar and w. Pru
dence; Ame AUen; Rebecca Allen; Ebenezer Goodnow and w. Elizabeth;
Joseph Goodnow and w. Anna; David Allen and Abigail Allen, by their
guardian Nathaniel Allen; Elijah Allen, Tabitha Allen and DanieZ Allen, by
their guardian Jonas Allen. A final settlement of the estate was made 16
June 1753 (the elder children, Joseph, Prudence, Elizabeth, Anne, Amy, and
Rebecca, having previously released their reversionary interest), when receipts
for that part of the estate " which was allc^wed to our mother Abigail Allen,
the widow of the said Joseph as her dowry," were given by Daniel Allen of ^
Sheffield, housewright, for himself and as attorney for his brother Daoid Allen
of Claverack, N. Y., blacksmith; Elijah Allen of Sutton, housewright, by his
attorney Joseph Coolidge ; Abrahara Whitney of Weston and his w. Tabitha.
4. Joseph, s. of Joseph (3), m. Mercy Livermore of Grafton 16 Aug. 1733,
and had Sarah, h. 25 July 1734, m. Benjamin Winchester 19 Feb. 1761; in

326 ALLEN.
1736 he rem. to Hardwick, where he had David, h. 18 Aug. 1738 ; Lydia, h.
19 Sep. 1743, m. Lemuel Cobb 10 Oct. 1765 ; Mercy, b. 19 Ap. 1746, m. John
Amidon 4 Feb. 1771; Joseph, b. 21 Dec. 1748. His w. Mercy d. 1 Mar.
1789, a. 76, and he m. widow Sarah Knowlton 6 Aug. 1789. Joseph the f.
was b. in Weston 1709, res. in Grafton from about 1730 to 1736, when he
rem. to Hk. and for seven years res. near the Old Furnace ; in 1743 he rem.
to the place marked " Mr. Holt" on the Ruggles Map, where he remained
thirty-one years, during which time his house was destroyed by fire and he
erected that which now stands on the same spot ; on the 20th day of May
1774 he removed once more to the place on the road to Petersham marked
" Seth Winslow" on the same map, where he d. 18 Aug. 1793, aged, accord
ing to the church record, 84 years, 4 months, and 16 days. He was not only
one of the earliest but also one of the most active and energetic of the pioneers
in Hardwick. He was a joiner, or housewright, a captain of militia, select
man, assessor, clerk and treasurer of the town, and a deacon of the church
nearly fifty-seven years. After his death, a pamphlet was published contain
ing several articles written by him, chiefly on religious subjects. In one of
these is a scrap of autobiography which fixes the date of his birth and, in
connection witli the records heretofore quoted, sufliciently identifies him as
one of the sons of Joseph (3) : —
" My native place where born was I,
In seventeen hundred nine.
Does sixteen miles from Boston lie.
In Westown, called mine.
" Between my third year and my fourth
My mother left this life ;
Which was to me affliction sore,
My father lost his wife.
" In all my father's family
Once sixteen did survive;
Before my father two did die.
Then fourteen left alive."

1791

5. David, s. of Joseph (4), m. Elizabeth Fisk 12 Nov. 1761 ; she d. 22 Oct.
-.91, a. 48, and he m. Lydia Woods of N. Bra. 22 Jan. 1794. His chil.
ytere Rhoda, b. 27 Sep. 1763, m. David Barnard of Shelburne 4 Mar. 1783;
Eunice, b. 22 Aug. 1765, m. John Earl 2 Oct. 1785; Daniel, b. 20 Sep. 1767;
Elizabeth, b. 27 Oct 1768, m. Isaac AVing of Rochester, Vt., 24 Jan. 1793;
Dai-icl, b. 12 May 1771; Mercy, b. 11 May 1773, d. unm. 6 Jan. 1857; Moses,
h. 9 Mar. 1776, d. 15 Sep. 1777; Moses, b. 11 Mar. 1779; Lijdia, b. 18 Oct.
1784, m. Daniel Matthews of N. Bra. 21 Jan. 1800. David the f. was a
very active citizen, selectman, and assessor, and d. 5 Aug. 1799.
6. Joseph, s. of Joseph (4), m. Greele Singleterry of Sutton 15 Jan. 1772;
she d. 8 Feb. 1800, a. 56, and he m. Polly Gray of Worcester, pub. 21 Sep.
1800; she d. 3 June 1816, a. 50, and he m. Mary Gray of AA'are, pub. 3 Mar.
1817. His chil. were Lucy, h. 20 May 1773, d. 3 Oct. 1785; Joseph, b. 14
July, 1777, m. Hannah Gould 14 Oct. 1800; Azubah, b. 30 Mar. 1780, d. 19
Feb. 1781 ; Mary Singleterry, b. 23 May 1818, d. unm. 23 Nov. 1834. .Joseph
the f. res. on the homestead, was a deacon, town treasurer nine years and d.
U Nov. 1822; his w. Mary m. Seth AVinslow of Barre, pub. 22 Oct. 1826,
continued to res. here, and d. 15 Jan. 1842, a. 64.
7. Daniel, s. of David (5), m. Kezia, dau. of James Wino- 20 Jan. 1791,
and had Betsey, bap. 29 July 1792 ; Ju.^tus, bap. 6 Dec. 1795. ° Daniel the f.
d. 1 Dec. 1796, a. 29 ; his w. Kezia was pub. to David Barnard of Shelburne
1 May 1815.
8. David, s. of David (5), m. Ruth, dau. of Job Dexter, 27 Ap. 1794, and
had Luthera, b. 12 Ap. 1796, m. John Gleason 18 Nov. 1813, and d. at Dana
3 Oct. 1875; Clarissa, b. 7 Oct 1796, m. Amaziah Spooner of Amh 27 Ap
1825; 4rma, b.— -1797, d. 14 Nov. 1803; Willard, b. 8 Feb. 1801, m. Mercy
dau. of Ma]. Gardner Ruggles, pub. 8 Oct. 1826, and rem. to Westminster

ALLEN. 327
where he d. 24 Sep. 1852 ; Mary, b.  Ap. 1803, d. 24 Nov. 1803 ; Mary,
b. 18 Nov. 1804, d. 3 Aug. 1818; Sarah, b. 5 Oct 1808 ; Anna, b. 21 Nov.
1811. D.4.VID the f. res. on the Petersham road, at the place marked " D.
Allen " on the R. Map, and d. 20 Jan. 1835; his w. Ruth d. 26 Mar. 1847, a. 74.
9. Moses, s. of David (5), m. Anna, dau. of James Paige, 26 June 1802 ;
she d. 7 June 1824, a. 45, and he m. her sister Fanny, wid. of Stephen Rice,
Jr., pub. 7 May 1825. His chil. were Almira War}ter, b. 20 Fell. 1803, m.
William A. AVheeler of Worcester 13 Jan. 1825; Anson Fisk, b. 31 Jan. 1805 ;
Daniel Freeman, b. 6 Feb. 1807, d. 17 Nov. 1816; James Franldin, b. 26 Feb.
1809, res. in AA^orcester; Calvin Paige, h. 30 June 1811. Moses the f. res. on
the Petersham Road, at the place marked " Capt. Allen " on the R. Map, was
a farmer, assessor, selectman, and representative in the General Court. He
d. 22 Ap. 1843 ; his w. Fanny d. in Boston 15 Feb. 1873, a. 88.
10. Justus, son of Daniel (7), m. Betsey F., dau. of Nathan Robinson,
21 Nov. 1831, and had 2Iqry, b. 14 Jan. 1835, d. unm. 12 Nov. 1860; Fred
erick Warner, b. 11 Ap. 1847, d. 9 June 1847 ; and perhaps others. Justus
the f. d. 24 Aug. 1869 ; his w. Betsey F. d. 4 Dec. 1876, a. 69.
11. Anson Fisk, s. of Moses (9), m. Ruth Randall 14 June 1846, and had
Philinda, b. 3 Aug. 1846 ; Almira R., h. 12 Aug. 1848, d. 3 Nov. 1848. Anson
Fisk. tbe f. was a farmer and inherited the homestead, which he sold soon after
his father's death. He was early crippled by the loss of a leg, after which he
was an assessor for several years. He d. at the Old Gentlemen's Home in
Boston 2 Sep. 1876 ; his w. Ruth d. 28 Aug. 1848, a. 27.
12. Jonas, prob. s. of Elijah of Sutton, who was named in the settlement
of the estate of his father Joseph (3), 1753, m. Prudence, dau. of Benjamin
AA^inchester, 15 Feb. 1781 ; she d. 19 Dec. 1797, a. 35, and he m. her sister,
Sarah AVinchester, 29 Aug. 1798. His chil. were Joseph, b.  1784, a car
penter and for many years lieutenant of militia, m. Sally, dau. of John Aiken,
12 May, 1814, and d. 22 Dec. 1833, a. 49 (his w. Sally prob. m. John Sher
man of Barre 3 Dec. 1835); Jonas, b.  1786 (prob. the same who m.
Abigail Thayer 10 May 1809); Benjamin, b.  1788, d. unm. 14 Sep. 1815,
a. 27; Elijah, b. 7 Mar. 1791 ; Polly, b. 28 Nov. 1793; Cyrus, b. 8 Aug. 1796 ;
Increase Sumner, b. 31 Dec. 1798, d. 6 Sep. 1800. The first three of these
chil. were prob. b. at Sutton. Jonas the f. rem. from Sutton to Hk. before
1791, was a carpenter, honest and harmless, and res. between the road to
Gilbertville and the road to Ware, at the place marked " J. Aiken " on the
R. Map; he d. 13 July 1817, a. 65; his w. Sarah d. 10 May 1802, a. nearly 35.
13. Elijah, prob. brother of Jonas (12), by w. Anna had, in Sutton, Polly,
b. 24 May 1787; Timothy, h. 30 Mar. 1789 ; Sally, h. 31 Aug. 1795 ; and in
¦Petersham, David, b. 19 Feb. 1798; Artemas, b. 27 Sep. 1800; Cyrus, b. 24
Dec. 1802. Elijah the f. was a carpenter, would swallow a quart of cider
without visible motion of his throat and without apparent harm, rem. from
Sutton to Pet about 1797, and thence to Hk. soon after 1802. He d. 22 Jan.
1817, a. 54.
14. Jonas, prob. s. of Jonas (12), m. Abigail Thayer 10 May 1809, and
had Balara Thayer, b. 28 Feb. 1810; Jonas, b.  1812. Jonas the f. d. 4
Mar. 1812, a. 26.
15. Elliah, prob. son of Jonas (12), m. Olive Chapin 8 Mar. 1816, and
had a child which d. 12 Jan. 1817, a. 3 months.
16. Jonas, s. of Jonas (14), m. Anna F. Richardson, pub. 8 Nov. 1833, and
had 3Iary Matilda, b. 28 June 1848. Jonas the f. d. 19 Jan. 1864, a. 51 ; his
w. Anna F. d. 9 Jan. 1864, a. 51.
17. Nathan, parentage not ascertained, ra. Esther Haskins 17 Dec. 1789,
and had Lucy, h. 25 Nov. 1 790, m. Phihp Grant, Jr., 2 Nov. 1809 ; Josiah, b. 10
June 1792, d. 25 Jan. 1810; Artemas, b. 12 Jan. 1795; George, b.  , d. at
Gardner 4 Sep. 1855; prob. Nathan, b.  , pub. to Betsey Juckett 16 Feb.
1823. Nathan the f. d. before 25 Jan. 1810; his w. Esther d. .16 Feb. 1835,
a. 79.
Edward, adm. to the ch. 29 Ap. 1744. Oliver (from Rochester), res.
here from 1777 to 1784. Abia, m. Ezra Leonard, Jr., 23 Oct. 1781. Abigail,

328 • AMES — AMSDEN.
pub. to Reuel Keith 11 Ap. 1784. Reuben, m. Betsey Ellis 24 Dec. 1812,
and d. 4 Jan. 1823, a. 38.
Ames, Samson, had w. Ehzabeth, who d. 10 Aug. 1842, a. 42, and he m.
Elizabeth S. Allen of Barre, pub. 2 Ap. 1843 ; she d. 14 Mar. 1865, a. 62, and
he m. Mrs. M. Minerva Hastings 1 Dec. 1865. His chil. were a child d. 13
July 1833, a. 6 months; Eugene A., b. 29 Aug. 1844; Orville Adelbert, b. 6 Nov.
1866; Marcia P., b. 12 Sep. 1868.
Betsey P., of Barre, m. Theophilus Hastings 22 Dec. 1785. Anna, ot
Barre, m. Lemuel AVheeler 2 May 1793. Maria P., m. E. Warren Combs
of W. Brk., pub. 25 Aug. 1845. Louisa S., m. Martin Swift, Jr., of Bridge-
water 11 Dec. 1845.
Amidon, Philip, of Oxford, s. of Roger, and b. 26 Jan. 1669, in his will
dated 16 Dec. 1743 and proved 12 May 1747, mentions wife Ithamar, chil.
Ephraim, Henry, Roger, Ichabod, PhiUp, John, Mary Chamberlin, Hannah
Wheelock, and tbe heirs of son Ithamar deceased.
2. John, s. of Philip (1), b. 19 May 1713, m. Sarah, dau. of Daniel Hast
ings then of O.xford, 14 July 1737, and had Sarah, b. 3 Ap. 1738, d. young;
Abigail, b. 25 Ap. 1740, d. young; Sarah, b. 7 July 1742, m. Jonathan Gil
bert of N. Brk. 5 Jan. 1779; John, bap. 6 Jan. 1744-5; Abigail, bap. 31 May
1747, m. Lemuel Cobb 27 Mar. 1777; Philip, b. 16 Jan. 1749-50; Hannah, b.
25 Oct. 1752, m. Seth Ruggles 25 Nov. 1790. John tbe f. settled in Hk.
before his marriage, and res. on or near the place marked " J. A." on the
R. Map, near the line of Barre. He d. between 15 Mar. and 12 May 1755.
3. John, s. of John (2), m. Mercy, dau. of Deac. Joseph Allen, 4 Feb. 1771,
and had Chloe, b. 17 Jan. 1772, d. unm. 11 Sep. 1842; Lydia,h. 26 Aug.
1774, d. unm. 23 Ap. 1828; John, b. 1 June 1782; Elijah, b. 27 Sep. 1787.
John the f. was a farmer, res. on the homestead, and was noted for his re
markably strict economy. His w. Mercy d. 9 Feb. 1808, a. nearly 62, and he
m. Anna, wid. of Edward Ruggles, 14 Dec. 1809 ; after a few years, they pre-
¦ferred to live apart, and mutually agreed on a separation. He d. 25 Oct.
1825 ; she'd. 9 Jan. 1842, a. nearly 89.
4. Philip, s. of John (2), m. Rhoda, dau. of Shearjashub Goodspeed, 27
Nov. 1788, and d. 11 Aug. 1796; she d. 16 June 1841, a. 71. No record is
found of the birth of children ; but prob. the following were of this family:
Sarah, b. about 1789, d. unm. 13 Sep. 1828, a. 39; Alice, b.  , m. Ichabod
Dexter 26 Mar. 1822, and d. 26 June 1830, a. 39 ; Hannah, b.  , m. Elijah
Bangs, Jr., 19 Dec. 1814, d. 2 Sep. 1844, a. 51 ; Sophronia, b.  , m. Still-
man Clark 9 Sep. 1819, d. 12 Oct. 1840, a. 47.
5. John, s. of John (3), m. Sally Hutchinson of Ware, pub. 19 May 1821,
had son Philip, was a farmer, and res. on the homestead. He d. 10 Jan. 1862;.
his w. Sally d. 15 Oct. 1877, a. 94.
6. Elijah, s. of John (3), m. Martha P. Nye of Barre, pub. 18 May 1818,
and had Mercy, b. 12 Mar. 1819 ; Martha, b. 30 Oct. 1820; John Allen, b. 13
Feb. 1822, d. at Springfield 17 Jan. 1860; Augustus B., bap. 26 Feb. 1827, d.
at Boston 5 Nov. 1870. Elijah the f. was a farmer and deacon; he res.
near the homestead, at the place marked " Dea. Amidon" on the R. Map,
rem. to Belchertown about 1830, and d. 7 June 1857 ; his w. Martha P. d. 29
Mar. 1878, a,. 86.
7. Philip, s. of John (5), m. Sarah A. Warner of N. Br., pub. 14 Nov.
1848, and had John Edioin, b. 1 Nov. 1850.
8. John Edwin, s. of Philip (7), m. Lucy Jane Lamb of Phillipston 19
Oct. 1875, and had Elmer Warner, b. 15 Mar. 1877; Carrie May, b. 8 Ap.
1880. ¦' ^
Amsden, Ephraim, Jr., of Greenwich m. Rehef Thayer 15 Oct. 1816, and
had Sophia Thayer, b. here 19 Jan. 1817 ; Almira Marllla, b. 30 July 1820,
m.  Allen, and d. at W. Brk. 15 Sep. 1873; Ansel White, b. 21 Feb. 1822;
Benjamin Franklin, b. 12 Aug. 1823, d. at AVare 28 May 1878. Ephraim the
f . was a shoemaker, and res. on the lot now occupied by Mr. Joseph R. Robin
son. His w. Relief d. at Ware 27 May 1868, a. 70.
2. Nelson, s. of David and nephew of Ephraim (1), m. Sarah F., dau. of

ANDERSON — AYERS. 329
John Gleason of Dana, and had Ella J., b. in N. Sal. 24 Oct. 1856, m. Joseph
A. Manning of AVorc. 27 Deo. 1876; Nelson Willis, b. here 19 Nov. 1862.
Nelson the f., a blacksmith, res. at the north end of the Common.
Anderson, William, of Blandford, a weaver, bought a farm on the east
side of the river, 30 Dec. 1741 ; he m. Margaret Crooks of Medway 18 Oct.
1744, and had Ann, b. 1 Aug. 1745 ; Jane and Mary, twins, b. 30 Dec. 1748 ;
William, b. 23 Oct. 1750 ; Jeremiah, ba:p. 6 Feb. 1753 ; prob. John, b. about
1755, and perhaps others.
2. Timothy- Paige, s. of John of N. Br., and probably grandson of Wil
liam (1), m. Betsey Hastings, 17 Oct. 1811, and d. 8 Ap. 1842, a. 50 ; she d.
25 Nov. 1868, a. 82. Among their chil. (no births recorded) were Elvira, b.
about 1813, m. Charles Alexander of AVinchester, N. H. 21 Sep. 1834, and
(2d) John Severance of AVin. 24 Nov. 1844; a child b.  , d. 10 Jan. 1818;
Eliza, b.  1820. d. unm. 24 May 1841, a. 21; Almeila, b. about 1825, m.
Joseph D. Dexter, Jr., 8 Mar. 1846; and perhaps also Maria, b.  , m. Fes
tus Spooner of Jericho, Vt., 25 May 1836. Timothy P. the f. res. near Gil
bertville at the place marked with his name on the R. Map ; he was a selectman
two years, and a worthy citizen.
3. William, brother of Timothy P. (2), m.  , and d. s. p. 21 Ap. 1867,
a. 72. He res. on the road to Gilbertville, near the place marked " P. Law-
ton " on the R. Map, and was assessor eight years, selectman nine years,
representative two years, and justice of the peace.
4. Alphonso L., by w. Mary C, had Almon Alphonso, b. 19 Oct. 1851, d.
7 May 1852.
Ann, ra. AVilliara Whitager of Rut. 10 Oct. 1745. Almira, d. unm. 19
July 1880, a. 65.
Andrews, Ben.ta.mim, by w. Joanna, had Joanna, b. 20 May 1737; Eliza
beth, bap. 22 Ap. 1739; Mary, bap. 10 May 1741. Benjamin the f. prob.
rem. to Pet. about 1739; his dau. Elizabeth was bap. there.
Arnold, Gamaliel, by w. Hannah, had Mary, b. 7 July 1766, m. Joseph
Harvey 2 Feb. 1786; Henry, b. 8 Dec. 1768, m. Sylvia Cobb, pub. 17 Ap.
1791; Francis, b. 21 Sep. 1770; Calvin, b. 29 June 1772; Waite, b. 24 Mar.
1775; Louisa, b. 3 Ap. 1777, m. Joseph Cole 29 Nov. 1792; Sprague,h. 26
Aug. 1779; Andrew, b. 31 Dec. 1781; Gamaliel, b. 9 Aug. 1785. Gamaliel
the f., with six sons, rem. to Randolph, Vt., in 1791, his eldest son Henry hav
ing rem. thither in the preceding year. See Vermont Hist. Mag. ii. 1045. Mr.
Arnold was lieutenant of militia.
Atwood, Isaac, a cooper, b. in Plymouth about 1783, m. Kezia, dau. of
Simeon Nye, and died in Hk. 11 Dec. 1860, a. 77; she d. 2 Oct 1861, a. 77.
No record is found of children.
2. Zaccheus, by w. Chloe, had a child, b.  , d. 6 Aug. 1791; and, by
w. Hannah, Elijah Gregory, b. in Pet. 30 Aug. 1799; Charles, b. here 28 Ap.
1801; Abiathar, b. here 9 Mar. 1803.
3. Simeon Nye, prob. s. of Isaac (1), m. Prudence Haskins of Shutes. 6 June
1835, and had Susan, b.  , d. 2 Sep. 1840, a. 3; Hannah Amelia, b. 10
June 1843; m. AVilliara C. Peck 11 Mar. 1862; Susan Arietta, b. 17 Ap. 1849,
d. 10 Ap. 1850; John Allen, b. 13 July 1853; Effie Cecilia, b. 13 Oct. 1854.
4. Joseph, hy w. Harriet S., had Benjamin Smith, b. 3 Oct. 1859; Ada
Lizzie, b. 15 July 1862; Amy Marshall, b. 23 July 1867; George Halsey, b. 26
Feb. 1876.
Kezia, was pub. to Abraham Gibbs of Quobbin 10 Mar. 1743-4, but refused
to " proseed in marrige " 24 Nov. 1744. Jerusha, m. John Aiken 19 Oct.
1749. Samuel, m. Peace Stewart 30 Aug. 1753. Lydia, m. Phina Cole 6
Dec. 1795. Mary, of Brewster, m. Ebenezer Perry, pub. 3 May 1807. Susan,
d. unm. 18 Aug. 1874, a. 18.
Ayeks, Ebenezer, prob. from Brk., m. Mary Ballard 28 Feb. 1739-40, and
had Joseph, b. 8 Sep. 1741. He had other chil. by a former wife, and d. before
Aug. 1748.
2. David, s. of Ebenezer (1), m. Ginnet Shaw 21 Dec. 1742, and had
Ebenezer, b. 12 Ap. 1743; David, b. 8 Nov. 1745; Afary, b. 16 Ap. 1748;
Dorcas, b. 2 May 1750; Sarah and Abigail, prob. twins, bap. 23 Aug. 1752.

330 AYERS — BANGS.
Capt. William is named in 1747 as the owner of land on the Rutland road,
about half a mile east of Ware River, then in Hardwick. Jenny, m. Calvin
Fairbanks 24 June 1776. Ruth, m. Seth AVoodward of Pet 25 Aug. 1778.
Babbitt, Samuel, by w. Polly, had Samuel, b. 11 Feb. 1786; Elkanah, b.
10 Sep. 1787; Dwight, b. 12 Feb. 1789; Rhoda, b. 20 Feb. 1791.
Abigail, m. Seth Blanchard 19 July 1775. Seth, m. Betty Blanchard 22 Ap.
1779. Levi, of Norton, m. Betty Babbitt 21 Dee. 1779, and had s. Levi, who
d. in Athol 9 May 1863, a. 82.
Ballou, Hosea, m. Ruth Washburn of Williamsburg 15 Sep. 1796, and
had (born here) Fanny, b. 13 Oct 1797, m. Leonard Holmes of Boston 7 Oct
1827, and d. 28 Mar. 1846; Hosea Faxon, b. 4 Ap. 1799, a Universalist clergy
man, m. Mary Ballou, and res. in Wilmington, Vt, d. 20 May 1881 ; Massena
Berthier, b. 28 Nov. 1800, a UniversaUst clergyman, m. Mary S. Jacobs of
Scituate 21 Dec. 1825, and res. in Stoughton; Cassendana, b. 9 Jan. 1803, m.
Joseph Wing of Boston 25 Ap. 1822, and d.  ; after his removal frora Hk.
he had Mandana, b. 17 Sep. 1804, m. Rev. Benjamin AVhittemore of Boston 4
June 1823;- Elmina Ruth, b. 3 Ap. 1810, m. Rev. Josiah C. AValdo 26 Oct.
1831, and d. at New London 29 June 1856; Clementina, b. 10 July 1812, m.
Col. Isaac Hull Wright of Boston 4 June 1837; Fiducia, b. 1 May 1814, m.
Abijah AV. Farrar of Boston 22 Ap. 1838; Maturin Murray, b. 14 Ap. 1820, a
publisher, m. Mary A. Roberts 15 Sep. 1839, and res. in Boston. Hosea the
f. was s. of Rev. Maturin Ballou, and was b. in Richmond, N. H., 30 Ap. 1771.
He was a very eminent Universalist clergyman, and wrought a marvellous
change in the theological opinions of the world. He res. for several years in
that part of Hk. which was included in Dana when that town was incorporated
18 Feb. 1801 ; in 1803 he rem. to Barnard, Vt., and thence to Portsmouth, N. H.,
in 1809, to Salem in 1815, and to Boston in 1817, where he d. 7 June 1852,
full of years and of honors.
Bangs, Seth, res. in Harwich, and, by w. Deborah, had Chipman, b. 20
June 1727, d. 4 Ap. 1750; Solomon, b. 23 May 1729; Elijah, b. 3 June 1731;
Samuel, b. 9 Ap. 1733; Perez, b. 20 Feb. 1735-6; Seth, 14 July 1738; John,
b. 17 Feb. 1742; Deborah, b. 5 Feb. 1744, m. Edward Foster in Hardwick 13
Jan. 1 762; Chipman, b. 8 Aug. 1750.
2. David, prob. brother of Seth (1), by w. Eunice, had Nathaniel, b. 18 Ap.
1733; Enoch, b. 2 Oct 1734; Nathan, b. 2 May 1736; Reliance, b. 29 Aug.
1738, m. Nathan BiUings in Hardwick 26 Dec. 1769; Azariah, b. 8 Ap. 1740;
Huldah, b. 27 Feb. 1741-2. David the f. rem. frora Harwich to Hardwick in
1768. 3. Solomon, s. of Seth (1), by w. Experience, had in Harwich Temperance,
b. 13 Jan. 1753; Elijah, b. 18 May 1757; Perez, b. 4 Jan. 1763; Experience,
b. 15 Sep. 1766.
4. Enoch, s. of David (2), with his w. Hannah was dismissed from the
church in Harwich 21 Nov. 1762, and admitted to the ch. in Hardwick 4 Sep.
1763. Their chil. were bap. as foUows: Watson, 10 Ap. 1763; Hannah, 1 Sep.
1765, d. young; Hannah, 28 June 1767; Enoch, 21 Jan. 1770; Reuben, 7 May
1775; William Freeman, 11 Ap. 1779; he had also son Nathaniel, named in his
will. Enoch the f., then styled of Barre, d. 12 Ap. 1798.
5. Nathan, s. of David (2), rem. early to Hk., and had Bethia, b. 19 July
1761; Huldah, b. 26 June 1762; John, b. 21 June 1764; Joshua, b 14 Oct.
1766; Mary, b. 28 Nov. 1768; Mark, b. 10 Sep. 1771; Nathan, b. 1 Sep. 1773,
d. 7 Mar. 1774; Abigail, b. 21 Mar. 1775.
6. Azariah, s. of David (2), rem. with his f. to Hk. in 1768, m. Huldah
Stow of Southborough, pub. 2 Mar. 1769, and had Nathaniel, bap. 6 May 1770;
Judith Fox, bap. 13 Mar. 1774; Azariah, bap. 10 Nov. 1776.
7. Elijah, s. of Solomon (3), rem. early to Hk. His w. Sally d. 7 May
1790, a. 34, and he m. Sally, dau. of Abraham Knowlton, 21 Ap. 1791. His
chU. were Sally, b. 28 Ap. 1782, m. Luther Paige 22 Aug. 1802; Bela, b. 10
Ap. 1784; Solomon, b. 8 Ap. 1786, d. 4 Feb. 1811; Alba, b. 10 Feb. 1788;
Elijah b.  ; Martin, b.  1792, d. at Cambridge 8 Mar. 1865; Luthera, b
 , m. Charles Wheeler 2 Mar. 1814 or 1815, and (2) Joseph Adams of

BANGS — BARNES. 331
Shutes. 1 Ap. 1824; Lucy, b.  ,m. Robert Fitts, Jr., ot AA''ard, 1 Nov. 1819.
Elijah the f. was a farmer, res. on the Pet road, at the place raarked with his
name on the R. Map, and d. 28 Sep. 1818; his w. Sally d. 1 Feb. 1835, a. 69.
8. Elijah, s. of Elijah (7), was a farmer, res. on the homestead, and m.
Hannah Amidon 19 Dec. 1814; she d. 2 Sep. 1844, a. 51, and he m. Mrs. Lucy
Elwell of Brk., pub. 10 May 1845. He d. s. p. 28 Jan. 1855, a. 64.
9. James, parentage not ascertained, by w. Susanna, had Samuel, b. 20 Aucr.
1771. Adnah, with his wife, rem. to Hk. in 1768, from "Falmouth, Casoo Bay."
Mary, m. Jacob Hastings 22 July 1762. Eunice, m. Amos Thomas 20 Dec.
17 70.
Barlow, Wy-4tt, m. Susanna Hammond in Rochester, pub. 21 Jan. 1772,
and had Susannah, b.  1772, d. here unm. 12 June 1857; Ann, b. 
1773, d. liere unm. 5 Aug. 1846; John, b. 1 Dec. 1778. Besides these, six
others are named in their father's will, 23 Jan. 1819 : Ebenezer, Wyatt, Betsey
Heywood, Nancy Cooley, Mary Harris, and Harriet Demmon. Wyatt the f.
was styled Captain, rem. here early, and res. in the Gore, now embraced in
Gilbertville, where he d. 19 June 1827, a. 85, his w. Susannah d. 5 Oct. 1830,
a. 83.
2. John, s. of Wyatt (1), m. Roxana, dau. of James Sprout, pub. 12 Jan.
1808, and had James Madison, b. 3 July 1809, d. unm. 6 or 7 Aug. 1867; Cyn
thia, b. 18 Ap. 1811, ra. Selah Barrett of Wore. 30 Nov. 1831; Lewis, b. 12
May 1812, res. at Rock Island, III.; Alanson, b. 10 Nov. 1813, m. Elizabeth
Demond 2 Oct. 1839, res. in the State of New York; Roxana, b. 23 Sep. 1815,
m. Harrison G. O.Monroe 18 May 1843; Wyatt, b. 22 Dec. 1819i John H.,
b. 25 Ap. 1827, res. in Fitchburg. .John the f. was drowned 1 July 1850; his
w. Roxana d. 20 July 1876, a. nearly 91.
3. Wyatt, s. of John (2), m. Mary G. Flint of Athol, pub. 27 Dec. 1847,
and had Charles Flint, b. 19 Jan. 1849 ; a son, b. 5 Nov. 1850 ; John Ham
mond, b. 18 June 1852. Wyatt the f. d. 23 Ap. 1856.
4. Moses, perhaps brother of Capt. Wyatt (1), by w. Elizabeth, had Moses,
Jonathan, Lemuel, Nobby, Deborah, and Betsey, all bap. 29 Sep. 1782.
5. Aaron, perhaps brother of Capt. Wyatt (1), m. Priscilla Andrews 6
July 1780, and had Aaron, bap. 14 July 1784. He was dism. to the church in
Barnard, Vt, 22 Aug. 1784.
6. Thomas, parentage not ascertained, m. Mercy (or Mary) Nelson 26 Sep.
1793, and had Thomas, bap. 12 July 1797.
7. Ebenezer ra. Betsey SmaUey of Truro, pub. 10 Aug. 1787, and had So
phronia, bap. 1 July 1792. Ebenezer the f. rem. to Plainfield.
8. Ira G., ra. Clarissa Haskins 25 Sep. 1842, and had Clara Louisa, b. 23
Jan. 1845. His w. Clarissa d. 7 July 1847, a. 26.
Mrs. Abigail, prob. mother of Wyatt (1), d. 29 Jan. 1793, a. 85. Deacon
Joseph and his wife were adm. to the church 9 Sep. 1781 ; also William,
23 Mar. 1783. William Wyatt, m. Ruth Rice of Gr., pub. 7 Sep. 1790.
Timothy^, m. Betsey Smith of Ware, pub. 6 June 1791. Nabby, m. John
Campbell 26 Aug. 1793. Ebenezer, ra. Jane Graham 26 Oct. 1831.
Barnard, Joseph, by w. Betty, had Joseph, b.  , m. Prudence Marsh,
pub. 28 Nov. 1796, and perhaps m. (2d) Abi Presho 17 Oct. 1819; Benjamin,
b. 19 Oct. 1776; Edward, b. 15 Aug. 1778 ; William, b. 30 Aug. 1781 ; Henry,
b. 4 Oct. 1790 ; Sarah, b. 3 Aug. 1792; Anna, b. 14 Sep. 1794, d. 13 Mar.
1797. Barnes, Jesse (otherwise written Barns), was the sixth of the fourteen
children of Moses and Hannah (Olds) Barnes, and was b. at Brookfield 7 Nov.
1744. He m. Patience Gilbert 8 Dec. 1763, and had in Brk. Jonas, b. 26 June
1764; Miriam, b. 29 Sep. 1766, m. Ebenezer Sprout in Hk. 3 June 1790 ; Eli,
b. 26 June 1768; Lydia, b. 2 May 1770, m. Phineas Wetherbee of Brk. 6 Jan.
1795; Adonijah, b. 12 Oct 1772; Betsey, b. 20 Nov. 1774 (or 1777), d. unm.
10 Mar. 1859; and in Hk. Lucy, b. 22 Ap. 1781. Jesse the f. rem. from Brk.
to Hk. about 1780, was a farmer, res. in the westerly part of the town, and d.
18 Nov. 1823 ; his w. Patience d. 4 July 1821. For many years the record

332 BARNES.
of births in this family is so imperfect that I am unable to trace its several
lines of descent with desirable accuracy.
2. Elijah, prob. brother of Jesse (1), and the tenth child of Moses and Han
nah, b. in Brk. 12 Feb. 1753, became a member of the church in Hk. 24 Feb.
1782, and his chil., Elijah, John, and Polly, were bap. 30 June 1782, after
which I find no trace of this family on record.
3. Jonas, s. of Jesse (1), ra. Abiel Sprout 20 Mar. 1791 ; she d. 17 June
1805, and he was pub. to Joanna Thomas 24 Mar. 1806. No record is found
of the birth of bis chil. ; but by record of deaths it appears that he had by first
wife. Patience, who d. unm. 24 Jan. 1869, a. 78, according to the record, but
prob. 77 ; and by 2d w., Jonas, who d. 14 May 1812, a. nearly 2 years. Jonas
the f. d. 1 Nov. 1830 ; his w. Joanna d. 30 Nov. 1837, a. 63.
4. Eli, son of Jesse (1), m. Polly Merritt 21 July 1789. No record is found
of the birth of his chU. ; but he had Polly, who d. 17 May 1811, a. 16, and prob.
Eli and Harvey, named below. Eli the f. d. 30 Ap. 1845; his w. Polly d. 29
Mar. 1848, a. 77. His house was consumed by fire 12 Mar. 1810.
5. Adonijah, s. of Jesse (1), m. Chloe Knights 9 Ap. 1 793. Four of his chih
were Clarinda, d. unm. 19 .Dec. 1876, a. 83; Jonas; Ruth, d. 27 July, 1815, a.
13; and Chloe, m. Stephen HUlman 7 Mar. 1820, d. 28 June 1881; but their
birth is not recorded. Adonijah the f. d. 21 Aug. 1841 ; his w. Chloe d. 26
Sep. 1851, a, 77.
6. Jonas, s. of Adonijah (5), m. Olean (or Oleyine) Fry 30 Nov. 1830, and
had Harrison F., b. about 1834; Henry, b. 21 Jan. 1844; Adelbert Forester, b.
19 Ap. 1846, m. C. Elizabeth Hunt 20 Oct 1881; Emeline, b. 9 Aug. 1849;
Evelyn, b. about 1862, ra. AV. Frank Carrutb of Barre 7 Sep. 1873; Clariette,
b. 28 Nov. 1853; Alia Velorous (called A. Deforest in the record of his death),
b. 1 Aug. 1856, d. 1 or 7 July 1857 ; and perhaps others. Jonas the f. d.
26 July 1878, a. 78.
7. Eli, prob. s. of Eli (4), m. Vinsa Baker 19 June 1823, and had a chUd
b.  , d. 6 Dec. 1830, a. 3 days; George Danforth; and perhaps others. Eli
the f. d. 15 Oct. 1851, a. 52.
8. PIakvey, prob. s. of Eli (4), by w. Harriet, had a child b.  , d. 18
Mar. 1830 ; Sarah A., b. about 1833, ra. Augustus M. Graves of Dana, pub. 1
Ap. 1852; Wilder U., b. about 1H39; Adeline, b. about 1841, m. AVells Stacy
ot Bel. 11 Nov. 1869; Joseph Loring, b. 11 Nov. 1843; Abigail, b. 25 July
1845, m. Latham Avery of Syracuse, N. Y. 13 Nov. 1871; a son b. 25 Nov.
1847; a daughter b. 27 Feb. 1850; d, next day; Caroline, b. 23 May 1852;
Frederick, b. 21 Jan. 1858.
9. Rufus, parentage not ascertained, m. Polly Cleveland 31 Dec. 1818, and
had a, child b. — Mar. 1821, d. 19 Dec. 1822; Elbridge, b. about 1823, ra.
Catherine Bakely 22 Dec. 1852, and d. at N.Br. 31 Mar. 1870; Calvin, b.
about 1826, m. Nancy R. Kelmer 6 Mar. 1851, and d. at Pet 9 Feb. 1866 (his
w. Nancy R. d. 12 Aug. 1852, a. 19). Rufus the f. d. in May 1828, a. 30;
his w. Polly d. at Gr. 1 May 1854.
10. Amos, m. Mary Barnes, pub. 26 Dec. 1825, and had Huldah M.,b. 
1830, m. Jesse W. King 21 Oct 1848 ; he d. 3 Dec. 1855, and she m. Billings
Cummings 22 Nov. 1859, and d. 10 Dec. 1868, a. 38; Lucy Jane, b.-  , m.
George H. King 7 May 1846; Mary the mother d. 23 Feb. 1865, a. 62.
11. Lucius, m. Nancy Cole of Milbury, pub. 6 May 1838, and bad Elmer
L., b. about 1841, ra. Huldah H. Sturtevant 8 Jan. 1864; Luther Emerson, b.
19 Nov. 1843, a lawyer, m. Maria L. Sheldon of Leominster 8 Ap. 1874 ; and
perhaps others.
12. Cutler, m. Arminda S.Rogers 20 Dec. 1837, and had Martin Luther,
b. about 1841, m. Frances M. Goodwin 4 July 1860; a-dauo-hter b. 2 Ap.
1845; Loring, b. 17 Dec. 1847 ; Luthera S., b. 14 Ap. 1850; a°son, b. — June
1852. 13. AVilliam S., m. Lucinda H. Cummings 24 May 1842 (who d. 11 Ap.
1881, a. 58), and had Helen J., b.  , 1843, m. Frederick M. Cleveland 4
May 1864; Delia M., b. 19 Jan. 1845, m. Ezra B. Glazier, 13 Ap. 1880; Julia
Ann, b. 14 Aug. 1846; a son and dau., twins, b. 6 Aug. 1849; Lura Luthera, b.

BARNES — BARTHOLOMEW. 333
27 Oct. 1851 ; William, b. 3 Mar. 1854; d. 14 Jan. 1858; a son, b. 14 May
1856. 14. Warren W., m. Harriet A. Robinson of Barre, pub. 10 May 1854, and
had Albert Warren, b. 27 Aug. 1855; Mary Augusta, b. 24 Oct 1856, m.
George F. Bacon ot Gr. 1 Sep. 1874 ; Emma Luella, b. 9 May 1858, d. 26 May
1861; Emma, b. 26 Aug. 1859, d. 23 Sep. 1862; George Amos, b. 28 July
1861; Flora, b. about 18~63, d. 21 May 1866 ; Atheda Fiducia, b. 14 June 1865;
Cora Eliza, b. 28 Aug. 1867; Lucy Mabel, b. 8 Dec. 1869, d. 15 Ap. 1880;
Orctj« Mitchell, b. 28 Feb. 1873.
15. Warren J. (or Jonas AA'".), perhaps s. of Jonas (6), by w. Eraily A.,
had HarrLion Almon, b. 31 Dec. 1860 ; Albertine Augustine, b. 29 May 1863 ;
Jennie Estelle,'b. 21 June 1868; Hiram Ellis, bap. 2 Sep. 1870; Clara Lou
ise, b. 23 Dec. 1871; Emily Warren, bap. 4 July 1875.
16. Harrison F., s. of Jonas (6), ra.Mary A. Swift of Bridgewater 12
June 1861, and had Harry Francis, b. 30 Mar. 1862.
17. George D., s. of JEli (7), by w. Maria, had George Herbert, b. 22 June
1863; Jenny Cornelia, b. 8 July 1866, d. 30 Nov. 1869. George D. the f. d.
25 Aug. 1867, a. 37; his w. Maria d. 29 June, 1870.
18. Wilder U., s. of Harvey (10), m. Rhoda J. Fay 20 Ap. 1864, and had
Frederick, b. 26 Feb. 1865; Jane Maria, b. 26 Sep. 1866; George Hammond,
b. 5 Aug. 1868; Herbert Wells, b. 24 June 1870; Adda Larrisa, b. 20 Aug.
1872. 19. Asa, by w. Caroline, had Myron Eugene, b. 3 Nov. 1847.
20. Lucius E., by w. Sarah H., had Willard Eliot, b. 15 June, 1864.
Barb, Matthew, by w. Margaret, had David, bap. 20 May 1739; James,
bap. — Dec- 1740; George, bap. 31 Mar. 1743; Samuel and Margaret, bap.
18 Oct. 1745; Hugh, bap. 7 May 1749, d. 4 Nov. 1750. Matthew thef.
res. on the east side of Ware River, in wbat is now New Braintree.
Jenny, m. Sarauel Fantan of Rut. 21 Nov. 1745. John, pub. to Damaris
AVheeler of Shrewsbury 21 Sep. 1751. John, Jr., ra. Mary Bridges 15 Sep.
1789. Barrett, Josiah, by w. Catherine, had Sarah, bap. 17 July 1737; Joseph,
bap. 28 Mar. 1742; Miriah (Maria?), bap. 16 Feb. 1745-6.
2. Joseph, by w.  , had Sarah, bap. 15 Mar. 1752; Oliver, bap. 25
May 1755; Moses, bap. 1 May 1757.
Bartholomew, Samuel, formerly of Woodstock, Conn., d. in Hk. 16 Ap.
1832, a. 81 ; his w. Susanna d. 2 Aug. 1836, a. 72. Their cbU. who res. in
Hk. were Persia, b. about 1784, d. unm. 13 Feb. 1869, a. 85; Susan, b. about
1789, m.  WiswaU, and d. 11 Feb. 1869, a. 80; Adolphus, b. about 1793;
probably Nancy, who d. 5 Feb. 1829, a. 36 ; Gardner, b. about 1796.
2. Adolphus, =. of Samuel (1), by w. Lydia, bad Harriet Nye and Eliz
abeth, twins, b. 21 Aug. 1827; Nancy, b. 6 Nov. 1828 ; Andrew Jackson, b. 1
Oct. 1832, a lawyer, res. in Southbridge, and has been representative and
senator; Nelson, b. 27 Dec. 1834; a soldier in the Civil War, d. at Philadel
phia in Nov. 1861, and was buried here; and perhaps others. Adolphus the
f. was an assessor and selectman. Late in life he rem. to Barre, where he d.
4 Nov. 1870, a. 77, and was buried here.
3. Gardner, s. of Samuel (1), m. Abigail S., dau. of John Jenney, pub.
17 Feb. 1831, and had Abbie Jane, b. 6 Aug. 1834, m. Charles L. Trow, 10
Sep. 1855, and (2d) Joseph N. Lincoln 12 May, 1870; Susan Victoria, b. 10
Feb. 1837, m. Rev. George J. Sanger 31 May 1859 ; Martha Ann, b. 28 Jan.
1839, d. unm. 2 or 3 May 1869 ; Hannah Josephine, b. 10 Dec. 1840, m.
George F. Lawrence of Corn Planter, Pa., 1 Oct. 1870; Charles Gardner, b.
30 Ap. 1843; John Jenney, b. 11 Nov. 1845, d. 23 June 1847; John Calvin,
b. 8 Mar. 1848, res. in Barre. Gardner the f. res. near the Old Furnace,
was a trader, insurance agent, and also engaged iu the express business be
tween Hk. and Worcester. He was selectman two years. He d. 26 Feb.
1874, a. 77. His w. Abigail d. at Danvers, Feb. 2, 1881, a. 72, and was
buried here.
4. Charles Gardner, s. of Gardner (3), m. Jennie E. Finch 22 Feb.
1867, and had Martha Finch, b. 13 July 1869.

334 BARTLETT — BASSETT.
Bartlett, Benjamin, by w. Thanks, had Philip, bap. 14 May 1745.
2. Bethuel m. Betsey Story 3 Feb. 1794, and had Luke, b.  1794;
Avery, b.  1796; Almira, b.  1800, ra.  Patrick, and d. at War
ren 29 Mar. 1864, a. 64; Adeline, b.  1803, m. Simeon AA^ilUams of
Pres. 23 Nov. 1823, and (2d)  Clark, and d. at AVare 28 Nov. 1874, a. 71 ;
Lewis Howe, b.  1809, d. 26 Feb. 1811, a. 15 months ; Lewis, b.  1813,
d. 12 Mar. 1873, a. 60; William, b.  1818. Bethuel the f. res. near
Gilbertville, was a blacksmith and a famous fifer, and d. 28 Feb. 1821, a. 48.
3. Luke, s. of Bethuel (2), m. Lucy, dau. of Capt. Zenas Phinney, 7 Dec.
1817, and had a child d. 7 May 1821, a. 3 weeks; Zenas P., b.  1822, d.
16 Aug. 1838, a. 16 ; Elbridge, b.  1827, d. 6 Sep. 1838, a. 11 ;_ and prob.
others. Luke the f. was a farmer, res. on the road to Gilbertville, at the
place marked with bis name on the R. Map, and d. 24 Aug. 1838.
4. Avery, =. of Bethuel (2), m. Mary Clifford of Enf. 20 Ap. 1818, and
had Bethuel, b. 29 Nov. 1818; a child b.  1820, and d. 27 Sep. 1821, a. 11
months. Avery the f. d. 21 Feb. 1825, a. 29; his w. prob. m. Freeman Pep
per of AVare 19 Ap. 1832.
5. William, s. of Bethuel (2), by w. Clarissa M., had Emily, b. about
1844, d. 26 Ap. 1846 ; Maria, b. 24 Nov. 1846. He rem. to AVare, where he
d. 12 Nov. 1874, a. 56.
6. Franklin, by w. Harriet, had Edward, b. 22 May 1871 ; Delia, b. 6
Aug. 1873; Agnes, b. 28 June 1879.
Dorothy, m. Joseph Parks of Norwich 11 Dec. 1783. Eliza, of N. Br.,
m. Harmon Clark, pub. 19 Jan. 1818. Sophia, m. Stillman Elwell, 28 Jan.
1821. Mary, a widow, dau. of Marcus Marsh, d. 24 Jan. 1873, a. 71.
Bassett, AA^illiam, by w. Anna, had William, b. (prob. in Norton) about
1772; Anna, b. here 13 Oct 1774; Polly, b. 9 Dec. 1776, m. Robert Morton
of Gr. 6 Mar. 1800; Ephraim, b. 7 Feb. 1779; Masa, b. 7 Ap. 1781; Lydia,
b. 3 May 1783, d. unm. 1 Mar. 1816. William the f. rem. to Hk. from Nor
ton about 1773, was a fai-mer, res. in the southwest part of the town, and
closed a long and exemplary life 23 Dec. 1838, a. 89; his w. Anna d. 26 Nov.
1822, a. 69.
2. AVilliam, s. of WUliam (1), m. Lavina Wicker 28 Nov. 1799, and had
William Erastus, b. 23 July 1801, prob. m. Mrs. Sarah Bassett of AA'are 4 Ap.
1844; Mary, b. 3 July 1803, m. Calvin Jenney 19 Sep. 1824; Fidelia, b. 4
Mar. 1805, ra. Seth Peirce 21 Sep. 1831; Alvan, b. 16 Ap. 1807; Melinda,
b. 11 July, 1809, m. WiUiam AA^ard of AVare 10 Mar. 1831; Franklin, b. 18
Sep. 1811, d. 24 Feb. 1839 ; Lavina, b. 29 Aug. 1814, m. Oziel Shaw, Ware,
10 May 1836, and d. at Amh. 9 Feb. 1872. William the f. was a farmer,
res. at the place marked with his name on the R. Map, and d. 22 Sep. 1847, a.
75; his w. Lavina d. 26 Feb. 1856, a. 77.
3. Ephraim, s. of AViUiara (1), m. Tabitha, dau. of Lemuel Newton, 19
Jan. 1804, and had Lemuel Newton, b. 10 Oct 1804, d. at Enfield 12 Auf.
1857; Chloe Lane, b. 4 June 1807; Calvin Harvey, b. 15 Aug. 1809, ra. (then
res. at Enf.) Susan Newton 6 Dec. 1854; William Watson, b. 25 July 1811 ;
Tabitha Gilson, b. 22 Nov. 1813; Ephraim Lane, b. 3 May 1816 ; Masa New-
land, b. 27 Oct 1818; Li/dia, bap. 24 June 1821; Ralph Harmon, bap. 28
Jan. 1824, d. at Enf. 13 Mar. 1861. Ephrai.m the f. res. in the southwest
part ot Hk. and afterwards in Enf., where he d. 12 Mar. 1867, a. 88; his w.
Tabitha d. at Enf. 24 Ap. 1865, a. nearly 85.
4. Masa, s. of AVUliam (1), m. Susanna Utley 10 May 1814, res. at the
place marked with his name on the R. Map, and d. 31 Oct. 1833, a. 52; his
w. Susanna d. 17 July 1820, a. 30. No record is found of children.
5. Alvan, s. of Williara (2), m. Nancy Richardson, pub. 22 Sep. 1828,
and (2d) Sarah Ward 28 Nov. 1848. His chil. were Jennie, b  , m. Asa
F. Richardson 26 May 1858; Abbie A., b.  , m. Waldo Peirce 15 Sep.
1861; Alanson S., b. about 1845, m. Abbie E. Sturtevant 13 Oct 1874;
Francis Luther, b. 25 June 1851; Sarah Emma, b. 2 Mar. 1859 Alvan the
f. d. 30 Aug. 1879, a. 72.
6. Benjamin, m. Nancy Johnson 20 Ap. 1837 ; she d. 4 Feb. 1847, and he

BASSETT — BELDING. 335
m. Catherine W. Richmond 29 June 1847, who d. at Dana 1 May 1874,
a. 70. He had William F., b.  , d. 10 May 1854, a. 6 years and 10
months ; William Benjamin, born 31 Oct. 1848.
Peter, m. Hannah Lindsey of Providence, pub. 24 Oct. 1779 ; he d.  ,
and she m. Timothy Fay 7"Dec. 1780. David, m. Phebe Terry 11 Dec.
1783, rem. to AVare. Nancy, m. Masa Newland 31 Oct 1802. William S.,
m. Ruth E. Tucker 1 Dec. 1836 ; Philip and Bathsheba Gunn, negro
servants of Capt. Joseph AVarner, were m. 2 Oct. 1754.
Bates, D.wid, a Baptist clergyraan, res. near GilbertviUe, at the place
marked " Mr. May " on the R. Map, preached statedly at Dana, was very
corpulent, and d. of apoplexy 20 May 1813, a. 52. He had no children. His
w. Prudence d. at AVindsor, Conn., 1840, a. 78.
Baxter, AA'illiam, by w. Joanna, had Jonathan, b. 29 August 1743 ;
Mary, b. 27 May, 1746 (called dau. of Richard and Mary in the record of
baptisms) ; William, bap. 9 Ap. 1749 ; Francis, bap. 3 Feb. 1750-1.
Beach, Noah, of Rutland, was pub. to Phebe Johnson 9 July 1780. No
record of chil. He may have d. before 29 Oct. 1789, when Phebe Beach,
perhaps his widow, m. Nathan Lothrop of Easton.
2. Noah, prob. s. ot Noah (1), m. Priscilla, dau. of John Webb, 8 Jan.
1805, and had a child, d. 1 Nov. 1810, a. 10 months. The family remained
in Hk. several years, and resided in the westerly part of the town, but no
further trace appears on record.
Beals, Samuel, afarmer, ra. Abigail, dau. of Amos Thomas, 31 July 1767 ;
she d. 6 May 1813 a. 72, and he m. Huldah Bowker 30 Jan. 1814. He was ap
pointed deputy quartermaster-general in-General Warner's Division, 2 Nov.
1787, with the rank of major, by which title he was ever afterwards known.
He res. on the easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place raarked " B.
Thomas " on the R. Map, until late in life, when he rem. to the place marked
"Mr. Cobb," on the sarae road, where he d. 21 Nov. 1827, a. 81 ; his w.
Huldah d. 31 Jan. 1833, a,. 55. No chU. by either wife.
Beaman, Phineas, carae here from New Salem in 1832, and m. Eliza
Atherton of that town in 1837. He had Edwin P., b.  1838; Elizabeth
M., b.  1841, m. John Harvey 28 Feb. 1860. Phineas the f.. a farmer,
res. nearly forty years atthe place near Gilbertville raarked " P. Lawton "
on the R. Map, and in 1874 erected a new house a few rods nearer to the
village. 2. Edwin P., s. of Phineas (1), m. Mary A. Wallace of Barre 7 Dec. 1859 ;
she d. in childbed 22 Jan. 1865, a. 27, and he m. Hattie E. AVebber of Pitts
field, 24 June 1872. He had Mary Wallace, b. 20 Jan. 1865 ; Susan Medella,
b. 14 Aug. 1873.
Beckwith, Elliott, the " beloved physician," res. on the road to Barre,
at the place marked " W. Sturtevant" on the R. Map, and had a very ex
tensive practice both in Hardwick and in the westerly part of Barre.
Though destitute of such thorough instruction as may now be obtained, he
was very skUful and successful. During the prevalence of the " spotted
fever "in 1810, which was so fatal in the adjoining towns, he lost only two
patients out of more than sixty who were under his care in Hardwick. His
w. Rebecca d. 18 Feb. 1806, a. 32, and he m. Sally, dau. of Lieut. Job
Dexter, pub. 9 Nov. 1806 ; she d. 18 July 1811, a. 27, and he was pub. to
Hannah Willis 2 Mar. 1812. No record is found of children. He d. much
lamented 6 Mar. 1814, a. 53, or 58 according to the Columbian Centinel.
Mary, prob. mother of Dr. EUiott, d. 2 Ap. 1812, a. 89.
Belding, Silas, s. of John Belding of Hatfield, m. Hannah, dau. of
Samuel Billings, 2 Jan. 1745-6, and prob. became a resident here immediately
afterwards. He d. 1 Oct 1756, a. 39, as inscribed on his head-stone still
standing in the old burial-ground. In his will, proved 2 Nov. 1756, he names
wife Hannah, father John, brother Reuben, sisters Eunice Porter, Dorothy
Billings, Submit, and Martha ; also Samuel and Mary, chil. of brother John
deceased. His w. Hannah m. Deac. Samuel Ware of N. Br. 3 Nov. 1757.
Dorothy, of Hatfield, sister of Silas (1), was pub. to Elisha BUlings
24 June 1749. Stephen, of Northfield, m. Martha Jackson 7 Nov. 1764.

336 BENJAMIN — BERRY.
Benjamin, John, constable of Cambridge in 1633, afterwards res. in
Watertown, where he d. 14 June 1645. He had w. Abigail, and chil. Mary,
b.  , d. 10 Ap. 1646 ; Abigail, b.  , m. Joshua Stubbs; John, b. about
1620, d. 22 Dec. 1706, a. 86 ; Richard, h.  , rem. to Connecticut ; Joshua;
Samuel, b. 1628, rem. to Connecticut ; Caleb, b.  , rem. to Connecticut ;
Abel, b.  , res. in Charlestown, and d. about 1710.
2. John, s. of John (1), res. in Watertown, and by w. Lydia had John, b.
10 Sep. 1651, d. 18 Nov. 1708 ; Lydia. b. 3 Ap. 1653, m. Thoraas Batt ;
Abigail, b. 14 July, 1655 ; Mary, b. 2 Aug. 1658 ; Daniel, b. 12 Sep. 1660 ;
Ann, b. 4 Aug. 1662 ; Sarah, b. 1663, m. AVilliam Hagar, Jr. ; Abel, b. 20
May 1668. See Bond's 7i/.s^ Watertown.
3. Abel, s. of John (2), res. in Watertown, and by w. Abigail had eleven
chil., of whom the fifth was Caleb, b. 28 Jan. 1702.
4. Caleb, s. of Abel (3), m. AbigaU Livermore 16 Aug. 1726, and had
Abigail, b. 3 Jan. 1726-7 ; Caleb, b. 26 May 1729 ; Keziah, b. 18 Ap. 1731.
SeeBond, ut sup. 1 suppose this Caleb to be the sarae who rem. to Hard
wick, res. near the Old Furnace, at the place marked " E. Trow" on the R.
Map, and by w. Abigail had Mary, b. 1 Sep. 1743 ; Anna, b. 5 June 1746, m.
EUphalet AVashburn 19 Sep. 1769; Keziah, b. 16 May 1749. His w. AbigaU
d. 24 June 1756, and he ra. Elizabeth, widow of Aaron Rice, of Rut. 18
Nov. 1760.
5. Caleb, prob. s. of Caleb (4), had dau. Rhoda, bap. 17 May 1767, and
perhaps others.
6. Abel, prob. s. of Caleb (4), ra. Susanna Carpenter 22 Mar. 1759, and
had Abigail, b. 30 Mar. 1760; Levi, b. 9 Oct 1762; and perhaps others.
Abel the f. prob. rem. to Montague about 1782, when his w. Susanna was
disra. to the church there.
Abigail, prob. dau. of Caleb (4), m. Joseph Powers of Gr. 25 Dec. 1751.
Abigail, a widow, prob. mother of Caleb (4), d. 30 Mar. 1755.
Berry, Judah (s. of John, who d. 1745, a. 93, and grandson of Richard,
who was in Barnstable 1643, and d. in Yarmouth 1681), res. in Harwich,
now Brewster; he m. Mary, dau. of John Freeman, 1713, and had Lemuel,
b. 21 Feb.1713-14; Theophilus, b. 12 Oct 1715 ; Mary, b. 15 Dec. 1717. His
W.Mary d. 19 Aug. 1719, a. "about 26," and he m. Rebecca HaraUn 11
Aug. 1720, by whora he had seven children. Judah the f. d. between 21
Nov. 1769 and 11 May 1773.
2. Lemuel, s. of Judah (1), by w. Lydia, had Mary, b. 1 Nov. 1741, ra,
 Snow ; Judah, b. 24 Dec. 1743; Scotto, b. 20 Oct. 1745 ; Rebecca
b. 20 Jan. 1747-8, m. Lerauel Willis 27 May 1771, d. 16 Ap. 1826 ; Mehet
abel, b. 12 Feb. 1749-50, ra. John Hastings 11 Ap. 1779, and d. 15 Dec. 1836
Lemuel, bap. 12 Ap. 1752 ; Lydia, bap. 28 July, 1754, d. young ; Sarah, bap,
3 Oct 1756, m. Zenas Phinney, and d. 20 Dec. 1833 ; Reliance, bap. 13 Auo-.
1758 ; Lydia, bap. 27 July 1760, m. Seth Hinkley, Jr., 12 May 1782, d. 27
Aug. 1805. He also bad dau. Elizabeth, to whom was assigned a share of his
estate 6 Feb. 1770. Lemuel the f. res. in Brewster; but his daus. Rebecca,
Mehetabel, Sarah, and Lydia res. and d. in Hardwick.
3. Scotto, s. of Lemuel (2), res. in Brewster, and, by w. Hannah, had eleven
children. His w. Hannah d. 12 Dec. 1806, a. 55; his second w. Bethia d. 9
Mar. 1846, a. 85; and he d. 12 June 1832, a. 87.
4. Scotto, the third s. of Scotto (3), b. Feb. 1779, rem. early to Hk., was
pub. to PoUy Baker of Harwich 20 Jan. 1805, and had Barnabas, b. 20 Mar
1809, d. 12 June 1829; Harriet, b. 22 Oct. 1813, m. Perley Hammond 1 Ap
1832; Mary Ann, b. 17 Dec. 1.S15, d. 3 Nov. 1831; Scotto, b. 14 Oct. 1817;
Caroline, b. 21 Sep. 1819, d. 21 July 1820. His w. Polly d. 24 July 1825, and
he ra. Mrs. Lucy Powers of Gr., pub. 22 May 1826, who survived him an'd d.
21 Nov., 1872, a. nearly 90. Scotto the f. was a tanner, and res. at the place,
between the Pet. road and the Turnpike, raarked with his name on the R. Map.
Late in life he retired from the tanning business and removed into a new house
which he had erected on the opposite side of the road, a few rods westerly
from his former homestead. He was an assessor two years, selectman six
years, and representative one year. Pie d. 7 Nov. 1864, a. nearly 86.

BILLINGS. 337
Billings, Richard, of Hartford 1640, rem. to Hatfield 1661, and d. 13
Mar. 1679; his w. Margery d. 5 Dec. 1679.
2. Samuel, s. ot Richard (1), res. in Platfield, and by w. Sarah had Samuel,
b. 8 Jan. 1665; Ebenezer, b. 29 Oct 1669; >Sara/j, b.  , d. 15 July 1674;
Richard, b. 7 Ap. 1672; John, b. 11 Oct. 1674, slain 15 July 1698; Sarah, b.
18 Oct. 1676, m. Samuel Dickinson. Samuel the f. d. 1 Feb. 1U7S, and his
w. Sarah ra. Samuel Belding, Jr., 9 Oct 1678, and d. 5 Feb. 1713.
3. Samuel, s. of Samuel (2), res. in Hatfield, m. Hannah Wright 18 Nov.
1686; she d. 18 Nov. 1687, and he m. widow Rebecca MUler. His chil. were
Samuel, b.  ; Sarah, b. 15 Mar. 1697, m. Deac. Sarauel Smith; Joseph, b.
15 Nov. 1700; Zechariah, b. 29 Nov. 1702; Benjamin, b. 18 Jan. 1705. Thus
far I have relied on Judd's Hist, of Hadley.
4. Samuel, s. of Samuel (3), res. several years in Sunderland, where, by
w. Hannah, he had Hannah, b. 23 Sep. 1724, ra. Silas Belding 2 Jan. 1745-6,
and (2d) Deac. Samuel AA''are of N. Br., 3 Nov. 1757; Elisha, b. 1 Dec. 1726;
Sarah, b. 29 May 1729, m. AVilliara Merrick 7 Sep. 1749; Daniel, b. 21 Nov.
1731; Nathan, b. 23 May 1734; Rebecca, b. 3 Jan. 1737, ra. Leonard Robin
son 31 Aug. 1758; Samuel, b. 19 Aug. 1739; Asahel, b. about 1741. Soon
after the birth of his youngest son, Samuel the f. rem. to Hardwick, where
he subsequently res., at the place marked "Dr. Billings" on the Ware road,
and where his eight chil. were married. His w. Hannah d. 5 Mar. 1767, and
he ra. Mrs. Sarah Crosby 26 Nov. 1767. He d. between 21 Jan. and 4 May
1778, a. prob. about 83; his w. Sarah and all his chil. except Sarah and Rebecca
survived him.
5. Elisha, s. of Samuel (4), m. Dorothy Belding of Hatfield, pub. 24 June
1749, and had Jonathan, b. 19 Sep. 1750, d. 22 Dec. 1753; Sarah, b. 7 Jan.
1753, living unm. in 1802; Mary, b. 1 Oct. 1754, m. Joseph Thomas 17 Mar.
1774; Hannah, b. 21 Sep. 1756, d. — Sep. 1758; Hannah, b. 22 Nov. 1758, ra.
Stephen Pratt 3 Feb. 1780, and d. at Bennington 16 Feb. 1839; Martha, b. 2
Ap. 1761, ra. Jedediah Barrett (or Bassett) ot Wilraington, Vt., 26 Aug. 1787;
Dolly, b. 8 Jan. 1764, ra. Israel Lawton 26 Aug. 1784; Jonathan, b. 14 Aug.
1768, d. 3 Oct. 17 75. Elisha the f. res. on the Ware road, at the place
marked "Keyes Tyler" on the R. Map, was a, farmer, lieutenant of militia,
selectman one year, and d. 29 Sep. 1803; his w. Dorothy d. 8 May 1787, a. 58,
and his second w. Mrs. Prudence Gilbert of Monson, to whom he was pub. 15
Sep. 1788, survived him.
6. Daniel, s. of Samuel (4), m. Mary, dau. of Capt. Benjarain Ruggles, 23
Feb. 1758, and had Gideon, b. 9 Jan. 1759, settled in Barnard, Vt. (where, by
w. Polly, be had Daniel, b. 7 Mar. 1794, d. 15 July 1867; Nancy, b. 28 Aug.
1796; and prob. Gideon, who d. 30 Mar. 1852, a 46) ; Mary, bap. 12 Ap. 1761,
d. young; Eunice, b. 7 July 1763, ra. Robert Dean of Barnard, Vt., 23 Dec.
1784, had ten children, and d. — Mar. 1843; Daniel, b. 9 July 1765, a mer
chant and captain of militia in Plk , d. unm. at Trinidad, W. I., shortly before
6 July 1808; Barnabas, bap. 16 Ap. 1769; Mary, b. 25 Sep. 1771, m. Ba.rnabas
Hinkley 8 Oct. 1797, and (2d) Luther Paige 4 Sep. 1816, and d. at Bangor,
Me., 11 Mar. 1849; Timothy, b. 3 July 1774; Samuel, b. 4 June 1779. Daniel
the f. was a, farmer, and res. near the Old Furnace, at the place marked
" D. BiUings" on the R. Map; he was lieutenant of mUitia and selectman
seven years! He d. 23 Dec. 1778; his w. Mary d. 8 June 1835, a. nearly 97.
7. Nathan, s. of Samuel (4), m. Lydia, dau. of John Wells, 24 Feb. 1757;
she d. 1 July 1769, a. about 31, and he m. ReUance, dau. of David Bangs, 26
Dec. 1769. His chih were Silas, b. 14 Jan. 1758, d. 7 Jan. 1759; Silas, b. 30
Jan. 1760; Anna, b. 10 Aug. 1761, d. young; Moses, b. 15 Mar. 1765; Persis,
b. 29 Jan. 1767; Lydia, b. 28 Nov. 1770; Anna, bap. 11 Feb. 1776; Hannah,
bap. 1 Mar. 1778. Some of these dates (wrongly entered in the Town Record)
are corrected by the registry of baptisms.
8. Samuel, s. of Samuel (4), m. Beulah, dau. of Stephen Fay 28 June
1764, and had Lydia, b. 28 Feb. 1765; Susannah, b. 1 Jan. 1767; Beulah, b.
14 Nov. 1768; Samuel, 23 May 1771; Polly, b. 6 July 1773. Samuel the f.
res. on the Ware road, according to a tradition, opposite to the place marked
22

338 BILLINGS.
" C. Ruggles " on the R. Map. He was elected, by the town, captain of the
South Military Company 21 Nov. 1774, and was commissioned 23 May 1775 as
captain in Colonel Learned's regiment in the Revolutionary Army. At some
subsequent period, either in Massachusetts or Vermont, he seems to have at
tained the rank of major. He rem. to Bennington, Vt., where he d. 23 June
1789; his w. Beulah d. 18 Sep. 1833, a. nearly 88; a monumental slab denotes
their graves in the Bennington Centre Cemetery.
9. Asahel, s. of Samuel (4), ra. Elizabeth, dau. of James Robinson, pub.
29 Ap. 1765, and had Elijah, b. 30 Ap. 1766; Stephen, b. 18 Nov. 1767; Asahel,
b. 25 Nov. 1769, m. Tamasen Gilbert 9 June 1796, had two dau., and d. 6 Oct
1803; his w. ra. Jedediah Foster of AVilraington, Vt., 12 Nov. 1804; David,
b. 6 May 1771; Josepll, bap. 5 Sep. 1773, d. 3 Ap. 1806; Betsey, bap. 7 May
1775, ra. Garaaliel CoUins 29 Nov. 1804, and d. 10 Dec. 1805; Polly, bap. 13
Ap. 1777, m. Silas Flagg of Pet, pub. 18 Dec. 1808; Samuel, bap. 10 Oct.
1779; Jonathan, bap. 9 Sep. 1781, d. unm. 5 Dec. 1820; Silas, b. 25 Sep. 1783;
Sally, b.  , d. 22 July 1804, a. 18. Asahel the f. was a farmer, res. on
the homestead, and d. 16 July 1838, a. prob. about 97. His age is erroneously
written 99 on the Town Records, and 100 on his gravestone in the new ceme
tery. See family of Samuel (4). His w. Elizabeth d. 13 (or 14) Dec. 1826, a.
nearly 84. Her age, like that of her husband, is overrated on the records as
85, and on her gravestone as 86.
10. Barnabas, s. of Daniel (6), ra. Martha, dau. of Doct. Medad Pomeroy of
Northfield,  1793, and hai Mary Ann, h. 30 Jan. 1795, m. Martin Paige of
Hk. 20 Aug. 1817, and d. at Providence, R. I., 27 Jan. 1875; Frederick A., b.
12 Mar. 1798, m. Lucy Bent, and res. in Framingham; Martha, b. 16 Ap.
1800, ra. Russell Hayes of Brattleboro', Vt, 13 June 1837, and d. — Aug.
1872; Daniel, b. 7 Mar. 1802, m. Sally Tillottson of Northampton; Julia, b. 13
Aug. 1804, m. Doct. George Wright of Montague; Medad Pomeroy, b. 30 Jan.
1809, d. at New Bedford. Barnabas the f. grad. B. U. 1791, was a mer
chant, and town treasurer in Northfield many years until about 1805, when he
rem. to North Hampton and afterwards to Chesterfield, where he d. 14 Nov.
1824; his w. Martha d. 16 May 1845.
11. Timothy, s. of Daniel (6), ra. Alinda, dau. of Samuel Hopkins, pub.
10 Nov. 1805, and had Dwight, b. 31 Jan. 1806; Adeline, b. 10 Aug. 1807, m.
James S. Davis of Warren, pub. 3 Jan. 1840, and d. 8 Jan. 1883;. Samuel, b.
24 May 1809, d. at Auburn, N. Y., — Jan. 1873; Timothy Ruggles, b. 16 Ap.
1811, rem. to California. Timothy the f. was a farmer and res. on the home
stead; he was an assessor four years, and major of militia. He d. 19 May
1812; his w. AUnda d. 5 or 6 Aug. 1832, a. 48.
12. Samuel, s. of Daniel (6), ra. Rebecca, dau. of Doct. W. Cutler, 7 Sep.
1811. He res. near the Old Furnace, at the place marked with his name on
the R. Map. In company with Harmon Chamberlain he was for raany years
engaged in the manufacture of iron-ware at the Furnace, and also managed a
store of EngUsh and West India goods. Being possessed of a competent es
tate, however, he did not apply himself very closely to business, but he was a
laborious, and persistent fox-hunter; partly, as sorae supposed, for pleasure,
and partly to prevent excessive corpulency. He was much engaged in public
affairs, being a selectman nine years, assessor fourteen years, and representa
tive three years ; he was also justice of the peace, and colonel of militia.
Some of his later years were spent in Greenfield, and afterwards in AVorces
ter, where he d. s. p. 13 May 1868, a. nearly 89 ; his w. Rebecca d. at Green
field 30 July 1864, a. 76 ; both were buried in the new cemetery in Hardwick.
13. Elijah, s. of Asahel (9), m. AbigaU, dau. of John Jenney, 24 Ap. 1796
and had Martha Eddy, Daniel (d. at AVare, 31 July 1873, a. 71), Lewis,
James Robinson, and Sarah Robinson, all bap. 12 Sep. 1810. They had also
Lucius, b.  1797, d. 8 Oct 1803.
14. Stephen, s. of Asahel (9), m. Elsa  ; no record of chUdren. He
d. (of a cancer in the face) 11 Feb. .1817 ; his w. Elsa d. 11 Oct 1822, a. 50.
15. David, s. of Asahel (9), m. Betsey, dau. of Capt. Seth Peirce, pub. 6
Ap. 1806, and had Elizabeth Peirce, b. 19 May 1807, m. David Ellis of Ware

BILLINGS — BOLSTER. 339
19 Dec. 1849, d. 30 May 1877; Hannah Robinson, b. 9 Oct. 1808, m. Hiram
P. Lee ot Palmer, 15 Sep. 1841 ; David Paige, b. 30 June 1810, res. in AVare;
Seth Peirce, b. 1 Aug. 1812; Huldah Sampson, b. 28 Aug. 1814, m. Hiram AV.
Leonard 23 Feb. 1834; 2Iary Ann, bap. 18 June 1820; d. unm. 21 May
1842; William Robinson, bap. 18 May 1821, and d. sarae day; Lucius Flagg,
bap. 19 Dec. 1822, a physician in Barre; and perhaps others. David the f.
was a physician, with a considerably large practice in Hk. and AVare. He
res. on the homestead, and d. 15 Oct. 1833 ; his w. Betsey, d. 1 Feb. 1857,
a. 75.
16. Silas, s. of Asahel (9), m. Roxana Parkhurst of Pet 3 Dec. 1809,
and had Elizabeth F., b. 2 Deo. 1812, m. AVm. Augustus AVarner 24 May
1832, and d. 11 May 1878. SiLAs the f. res. about three mUes north of the
meeting-house, at the place marked with his name on the R. Map, but spent
his last years with Mr. and Mrs. AVarner. He d. 3 Feb. 1876, a. 92 years,
four months, and nine days, being then the oldest person in the town; his
w. Roxana d. 11 Nov. 1870, a. 82.
17. Dwight, s. of Timothy (11), ra. Ann .7., dau. of Franklin Ruggles, 31
Dec. 1834, and had Mary Ann, b. 31 Oct. 1835, m. William D. Cummings of
AVaterbury, Conn., 18 Sep. 1855, and d. at Brooklyn, N. Y., 8 Feb. 1882.
Dwight the f. was a farraer, res. a few years on the homestead, and after
wards near the meeting-house. He was an assessor five years, selectman
three years, and a justice of the peace. He d. at Brooklyn, N. Y., 23 Nov.
1881, and was buried here; his w. Ann J. d. 11 Jan. 1864, a. 50.
18. Seth Peirce, s. of David (15), a farmer, res. on the homestead, by
w. Rebecca F., had Henry Peirce, b. 13 Nov. 1852; Lizzie Ella, b. 25 Dec.
1856, m. Herbert J. Felton 15 Oct. 1879; Willie F., b. 27 Aug. 1860, d. same
day. Mart, m. John Jackson of Paris, Me., pub. 5 Jan. 1806 ; Mary, m. John
Goodspeed 31 Dec. 1807. Elizabeth, ra. Reuben Tyler 3 Ap. 1831. Mary,
m. Andrew AVood, Jr., 2 Feb. 1873. Stephen R., b. in Hk., d. at Springf.
27 Jan. 1848, a. 30.
Blackmer, William H., by w. Harriet, had 3Iary A., b.  1848, d. unm.
24 Dec. 1869, a. 21; Charles H., b.  1852, d. 7 Dec. 1869, a. 17; Emory W.,
h.  1854, d. 24 Dec. 1869, a. 15 ; Frederick Willie, b. 10 Ap. 1858 ; George
Albert, b. 26 Mar. 1860; Herbert, b. 11 Feb. 1862. William H. the f., a
farraer, res. on the Pet. road, at the place marked " D. Allen " on tbe R. Map.
2. Augustus D., by w. Rachel Jane, had a son b. 3 Sep. 1859; Charles
Sumner, b. 12 Aug. 1864. His w. Rachel Jane d. 30 Oct. 1864, and he m.
Ellen Patrill, pub. 3 May 1867.
David, m. Mrs. AbigaU Cobb, 13 Oct 1823.
Blair, John, by w. Ann, had James, bap. 23 Oct. 1748; Lucy, bap. 6
Feb. 1750-1.
James, of Western, m. Mrs. Sarah Robinson 26 Mar. 1805.
Blake, Joseph, formerly a merchant in Boston and Hingham, rem. to Hk.
in or soon after 1763, and was one of the owners of a forge and saw-mill at
the place now known as Gilbertville. He rem. to Rutland about 1770, and in
1779 returned to Hingham. WhUe at Hardwick he had Joseph, bap. 13 Sep.
176 7, grad. H. C. 1786, lawyer in Boston, d.in Jamaica 10 July 1802; George,
bap. 16 Ap. 1769, grad. H. C. 1789, was an eminent lawyer in Boston, where
he d. 8 Oct 1841; and at Rutland, Francis, said to have been born 14 Oct.
1774; he grad. H. C. 1789, at the remarkably early age of fifteen years, if the
reputed date of his birth be correct, and became one of the most eloquent ad
vocates at the bar of the county; he died at Worcester 23 Feb. 1817.
Bolster, Eastman, by w. Miriam, had Charles, b. about 1806, d. at Bos
ton 2 Mar. 1851, a. 45; Salome, b. about 1813, m. Edmund Vokes of Barre 3
May 1832, and d. 10 Sep. 1858, a. 45; Moses L., b. about 1818, m. Rebecca
Rich of Barre 26 June 1836, d. at Wore. 23 July 1864, a. 45 years 8 months;
a child b. — Jan. 1822, d. 15 Feb. 1822 ; Joel IL, b. about 1827, d. at Wore.
18 Ap. 1849, a. 22; a child b.  , d. — Feb. 1828. The following chU.
were prob. of the same family : Sally, m. Hervey Brown of Ware 27 Sep.

340 BOND — BRADISH.
1826 ; Aurilla, m. Hervey Thresher of N. Br. 5 Dec. 1826; Mary Eliza, m.
Lewis Shumway of Barre 17 Aug. 1834; William A., m. Mary Bigelow of Ox
ford, pub. 7 Ap. 1842. Eastman the f. carae to Hk. before 1822, was a
laborer, and res. on the east road to Gilbertville, at tbe place marked with his
name on the R. Map. His w. Miriam d. in 1841 a. 59.
Bond, David, d. 13 Feb. 1847, a. 68 ; his w. Susanna d. 30 Sep. 1833, a.
58. The following raay have been their chil.: David P., m. Mary R. Freeman
24 Mar. 1831; Susanna C, ra. Dorice D. Rogers 1 Dec. 1831.
John B., of AVorcester, ra. Eliza Hathaway 13 Nov. 1834. Benjamin of
Ware, m. Arathusa Bowen 5 Oct. 1837.
Bonney, William, m. Fanny CroweU of Brk., pub. 17 Feb. 1817, and had
Melita, b.  1818, m. Isaac 11. Hoyt of Brk. 27 May 1846 ; Isaac S., b. 
1824; Christina, b.  1833, ra. George L. AVatkins of Washington, D. C.
11 Mar. 1858. William the f. d. 10 Sep. 1852, a. 65; his w. Fanny d. 8
Nov. 1863, a. 73.
2. Isaac S., s. of WiUiam (1), m. Olive Eaton of Ware, pub. 7 Nov. 1846;
she d. 16 Sep. 1857, a. 33, and he ra. Mrs. Paulina Fish 10 Mar. 1864. His
chil. were Mlary, b. 26 Nov. 1847 ; Clarissa (or Mary) Ella, b. 26 Nov. 1849,
d. 5 Jan. 1850; Mary E., b. 2 Mar. 1851, d. 8 June 1851 ; Fanny Maria, b.
16 June 1852.
Ruth, m. Abiel Stetson of Chesterfield 24 Feb. 1767. Luke, m. Mercy
Thomas 5 Nov. 1772. Polly, ra. John Kent of Brk. 24 Feb. 1801. Hannah
D. of Chesterfield m. Ruggles Smith, pub. 16 Mar. 1838.
Bowen, Sylvester, m. Abigail Rich of AVare 19 Aug. 1804, and had
Sylvester, b.  ; prob. Eliza, b.  , m. Anson Warren of Tewksbury 23
Dec. 1829 ; prob. Arathusa, b.  , m. Benjarain Bond of AA''are 5 Oct. 1837.
2. Sylvester, s. of Sylvester (1), m. Mary Eaton of Ware, pub. 27 Feh.
1830, and had Henry, b. 11 Ap. 1844.
Moses, d. 6 June 1830, a. 79.
Br.4dish, Robert, was of Cambridge as early as 1635. By his w. Mary he
had Joseph, b.  May 1638; his w. d.  Sep. 1638, and he ra. Vashti
 , by whom he had several chil. and d. 1659.
2. Joseph, s. of Robert (1), was in Sudbury, 1662, Framingham, 1672,
and returned to Cambridge about 1678. By w. Mary he had Mary, b. 10 Ap.
1665, ra. John Green, 22 Nov. 1684; Sarah, b. 6 May 1667, prob. d. young;
Hannah, b. 14 Jan. 1669-70, ra. Edward Marrett, and d. 9 Ap. 1754; Joseph,
b. 28 Nov. 1672, supposed to be the pirate who was sent to London, 1699, and
executed; Ruth, ra. Thomas Ford of Marshfield 5 Ap. 1711 ; John, b. 18 Sep.
1678; James, b. about 1680. Joseph the f. d. before 2 Ap. 1725, when part
of his estate in Cambridge was sold by Mary, Hannah, and Jolm, of Canib.,
James of Westborough, and Ruth of Marshfield, described as " children of
Joseph Bradish, late of CarabT yeoraan, deceased."
3. James, s. of Joseph (2), rem. to Marlborough, m. Damaris Rice, 16
June 1708, and had Hepzibah, b.  1709; Sarah, b.  1711 ; Robert, b.
 1712; Mary, b. 1715; James, b.  1717; John, b. 30 Aug. 1719;
Jonas, b. 7 Aug. 1724; Sarah, b. about 1727, d. 27 Aug. 1740 ; Anna, b. 6
June 1729, prob. ra. John Green of Hk. 7 Nov. (or 7 Dec.) 1751 ; Joseph, b.
26 Feb. 1731-2, d. 28 Aug. 1740. James tbe f. seems to have res. a short
time in AVestborough, and d. 13 Feb. 1768, a. 87; his w. Damaris d. 25 Dec.
1769, a. 81.
4. John, s. of James (3), purchased a farm in tbe northerly part of Hk.
19 Nov. 1742, beinp then a resident in Grafton. He m. Mary Green of South
borough, pub. 12 May 1746, and had Sarah, b. 21 June 1747, m. Joseph Nye
27 Dec. 1764; Hannah, b. 4 Sep. 1748; John, h 25 Sep. 1750; James, b. 21
Oct. 1752 ; Mary, b. 13 Aug. 1754 ; Dinah, b. 8 Nov. 1757; Ruth, b. 13 June
1760; Joseph, b. 15 Dec. 1762. John the f. was a cordwainer, and deacon of
the church; traditionally distinguished for the plainness of his apparel; l rem.
with his family to Cummington in 1778.
1 It was related by those who knew him, great-coat in its place with a leather strap
that Deacon Bradish often wore his leather instead of buttons.
apron to church on Sunday, and kept his

BRADISH— BROWN. 341
5. John, s. of John (4), m. Hannah, dau. of Capt. Joseph AVarner, 4 Mar.
1773, and bad Calvin, b. 26 Dec. 1773; Chloe, b. 29 Ap. 1775; Charles, b. 20
Ap. 1778; and in Cummington, Sarah, b. 25 Sep. 1781; Luther, b. 15 Ap. or
Sep. 1783, grad. AA''. C. 1804, a lawyer, Lieut.- Governor of New York four
years from 1839, and President of the N. Y. Historical Society, d. 30 Sep.
1863 ; Rowena, b. 30 Sep. 1786. John the f. rera. to Cummington, soon after
the birth of his son Charles, and was subsequently a colonel.
Brady, Michael, m. Rosanna Devlin, pub. 5 Nov. 1856, and had
Michael John, h. 7 Oct. 1857 ; Mary Jane, b. 15 May 1860 ; Peter, b. 12 May
1862 ; Margaret, b. 19 Feb. 1864 ; James, b. 2 May 1867 ; Fanny Lucretia,
b. 15 Aug. 1869, d. 13 Aug. 1871. Michael the f. d. 26 Aug. 1873, ,a. 52.
Breen, Daniel, ra. Bridget Wrin, pub. 9 July, 1862, and had Mmr/aret,
b. 28 Feb. 1863 ; Mary, b. 19 Nov. 1864 ; Henry, b. 2 June 1867 ; John, b.
22 Oct. 1868 ; Daniel Andrew, b. 26 July 1871 ; David Humphrey, b. 15 June,
1874. Brennan, Philip, ni. Ellen Carroll 25 June 1871, and had Philip, b. 28
Dec. 1877; John, b. 11 Sep. 1880.
Bridge, S.\muel (s. of Blatthew, who d. in Lexington 29 May, 1738,
gr. s. of Matthew, who d. in Lex. 28 Ap. 1700, and great-grandson of Deac.
John, who d. in Cambridge about 1665), ra. Susanna, dau. of Nathaniel
Paige of Bedford, 9 Ap. 1734, and had Samuel, b. 6 Jan. 1735; his w.
Susanna d. 16 Jan. 1735, and he m. Martha Bowraan 27 Ap. 1738, by whom
he had eleven chil., and d. 8 June 1791, a,. 86.
2. S.iMUEL, s. of Samuel (1), ra. Hannah Johnson of Gr., pub. 19 Aug,
1760, and had Joshua, b. 20 Dec. 1761 ; Susanna, b. 24 Feb. 1763; Bezaleel
(called Barzilla on the Record of Baptisras), b. 21 Nov. 1764 ; Hannah, b. 11
Jan. 1766 ; d. 22 Jan. 1767 ; Hannah, b. 26 Ap. 1767 (perhaps tbe same as
Anna, who m. Daniel Robinson of Monson 28 Ap. 1788) ; Samuel, b. 1 May,
1768. Samuel the f. inherited land in Hk. under the will of his grandfather
Paige, who died 2 Mar. 1755, and res. here as early as 1760. He prob. rem.
to WUmington, Vt., about 1779.
^ Sarah, m. Aaron Woods of Gr. in 1786.
Bridges, Isaac, Jr., m. Deborah, dau. of Sylvanus Cobb, 27 Jan. 1795,
and bad Eliza Augusta, b. 29 May, 1795, d. unm., at the town farm, 12 Aug.
1877 ; Benjamin Franklin, b. 14 Ap. 1797; Willard Moors, b. 26 July, 1798 ;
Martin Kinsley, b. 1 Aug. 1800; Jonathan Fletcher, b. 20 Aug. 1802. Isaac
the f. prob. rem. from Hk. ; his w. Deborah d. at Deerfield 3 May 1860, a. 86.
2. Elijah, ra. Cornelia K. Hervey 1 Aug. 1861, and had Nettie Cornelia,
b. 27 Oct 1866.
Mary, m. John Barr, Jr., of N. Br., 15 Sep. 1789, Eunice, ra. Sylvanus
Taylor 19 Nov. 1801. Betsey, ra. William Lawrence 25 Mar. 1804. Jonas
ra. Hannah Ross 16 Feb. 1806. Josiah, d. 26 Nov. 1793, a. 20.
Brimhall, Sylvanus, ra. Triphena Johnson 14 Sep. 1783, and (2d) Lucy
Lincoln 3 July 1810 ; he res. in Barre at the tirae of his first marriage, and
perhaps had chil. there ; by bis second w. he had Lucy Lincoln, Elbridge
Farr, Susan Ann, all bap. 8 Oct 1820; Mary King, bap. 29 Sep. 1822. Be
sides these he names in bis will, dated 10 Sep. 1839, Nathaniel, Joel Johnson,
and "in distant parts of the United States," Sylvanus, Joseph, and Triphena,
wife of Elijah Hartwell, also sons Aaron and Caleb, deceased. Sylvanus
the f. res. on the turnpike, at the place marked " S. Brimhall " on the R. Map,
and d. 18 Sep. 1839, a. 82 ; his w. Lucy d. 27 Feb. 1847, a. 59.
Caroline J., m. David Fish of Wore. 6 Jan. 1853.
Brow.v, Luke (s. of Luke, an innholder in Worcester, who d. 6 Nov. 1776,
a. 30, and gr. s. of Luke, also an innholder in Worcester, who d. of small
pox 14 Ap. 1772, a. 58), ra. Bathsheba, dau. of Gen. Jonathan AVarner, 8
June 1798, and had Mary Brimmer, b. 6 July 1799, d. unm. at Chicago, 
1863 ; Bathsheba Warner, b. 9 Sep. 1801, m. Luman Scott, res. at Amh. ;
Harriet Warner, b. 21 Nov. 1803, unm. res. (1878) at Belchertown ; Elizabeth
Follett, b. 5 June 1806, m. James Hill, res. at Worthington ; Luke, b.  ,
res. at Chicago, d. 23 Oct 1871, on board a steamer as he was ascending the

342 BROWN — BRUCE.
Mississippi River on his return from New Orleans. He left wife and chil.
Luke the f. grad. H. C. 1794, was a lawyer, settled in Hk. before his marriage,
and rem. soon after 1806. After a checkered Ufe, he d. at Enf. about 1835 ;
his w. Bathsheba d. at Springf.  1855.
2. Moses, of Ware, m. Mercy, dau. of Maj. James Paige 10 Dec. 1807,
and res. in Ware. One of his chU. was James N., who res. in Hk. a deacon
of the church, and warden of the almshouse.
3. Eseck, ra. Anna Waters, pub. 2 Ap. 1809, and had Julia Ann, b. 10
Mar. 1810.
4. Selleck Osborn, of Fitchburg, m. Harriet K. Whipple 1 May 1845,
and had Charles A., b.  1847, d. 9 Ap. 1849, a. 1 yr. 9 mo. His w. d. 18
Sep. 1847, a. 23, and he ra. Mary Maria Whipple 5 June 1850, at which time
he res. in Hartford, Conn.
Betsey, m. Vincent Newland 6 Sep. 1820. Sabbina, m. Daniel J. Con
verse, pub. 23 Jan. 1826. Sarah, m. Alex. Brown, Ashford, pub. 24 Ap.
1826. Lucy, ra Hiram Newland 30 Mar. 1831. Irene, m. Nathaniel ToplilF
23 Jan. 1833. Huldah, d. 20 Dec. 1854, a. 72.
Browning, James, rem. from Rutland to Hardwick about 1827, with w.
Alice, and chil. Fidelia F., b.  1818, m. David A. Dean 22 June 1842,
and (2d) John B. Aiken 25 Feb. 1858 ; Adeline S., b.  1820, m. AVUliam
E. Prouty, of N. Brk. 17 Oct 1855 ; Daniel, b.  1822, d. 8 June 1851, a.
29 ; William, b.  1824 ; Franklin, b.  1826, d. 17 July 1852, a. 26 ;
he had in Hk. Charles, twin, b. 24 June 1828, d. 1 May 1830 ; Frederick,
twin, b. 24 June 1828. His w. AUce d. 22 July 1829, a. 35, and he m. Lucy
P., widow of Orin Trow, 26 Nov. 1829, by whom he had Lucy, b. 16 Oct.
1830, ra. AA^iUiam A. Perry 13 Nov. 1850 ; Charles A., h. 8 June 1832 ; Harriet
E., h. 21 Nov. 1834, m. Harmon C. Spooner 14 Nov. 1855, and d. 11 July
1860; James E., b.  . James the f. was a farmer, res. several years on
the old turnpike, at the place marked with his name on the R. Map, and
afterwards a few rods northwesterly from the Common. He was a selectman
three years, and d. 4 Nov. 1871, a. 82 years and 9 months.
2. AVilliam, s. of Jaraes (1), m. Harriet .J., dau. of Joseph Robinson, 5
Ap. 1849, and had Franklin Joseph, b. 11 Nov. 1852, m. Fannie, dau. of
Frazier Paige, 15 June 1876 ; Ellen Maria, b. 18 Feb. 1856, m. Tiraothy
Paige 11 Nov. 1874. AVilliam the f. was a farmer, an assessor two years,
and d. 16 Mar. 1858, a. nearly 34 ; his w. Harriet J. m. Albert E. Knight, 5
Ap. 1866, and d. 16 Sep. 1869, a. 39.
3. Frederick, s. of Jaraes (1), in. Mary Ann Witt 29 Mar. 1859, and had
Harriet Smith, b. 7 Nov. 1860. Frederick the f. d. 2 Ap. 1861, a. 32 ; his
w. Mary Ann d. 27 Jan. 1862, a. 25.
Bruce, John, with his w. Teraperance (Packard), from Rutland, was ad
mitted to the church here 1 Oct 1789. They had Charles, d. 10 Mar. 1791,
a. nearly 5 years; Chester, d. 13 Mar. 1791, a. 2 years and 6 months; also
(named in the father's wiU, dated 19 May 1811, and proved 7 Dec. 1824)
Joseph, John, Levi, Winslow, Timothy, and Packard. John the f. was a
farmer, and res. near Barre, at tbe place marked " T. Bruce " on the R. Map,
where he d. 13 Oct 1824, a. 78 ; his w. Temperance d. 30 Sept, 1834, a. 85.
2. Joseph, s. of John (1), m. Mary Trow 28 Ap. 1799, and had a child
who d. 26 May 1803, a. 9 months and 23 days.
3. John, s. of John (1), res. in Springfield, and m. Mrs. Betsey Nye 19
May 1813. ''
4. Timothy, s. of John (1), m. Sally KirabaU, pub. 10 Sep. 1812, and had
Elmira, b. 12 June 1813, m. J. Rhodes jNIayo of New York (one of the
jury which convicted "Boss Tweed"); Timothy Packard, b. 30 June 1815,
m. Maria Richraond 3 Mar. 1836 ; Asa Kimball, b. 7 Feb. 1817, ni. Elizabeth
C. Hammond of Pet., pub. 14 Mar. 1839 ; Charles Emerson, b. 4 Feb. 1819,
grad. A. C. 1845 ; John Augustus, h. 22 Feb. 1822 ; Sally Louisa, b. 18 Mar.
1826, ra. Chester R. Chaffee, and d. at Springfield — Ap. 1860; Mercy
Williams, h. 20 Nov. 1827, ra. Rev. Asa Mann, pub. 31 Mar. 1848, and d. 27
Aug. 1882 ; Mary Ann, b. 27 Feb. 1829, m. Benjamin Merriam of Ashtabula,

BUCKLEY — BURT. 343
and (2d)  Prosser of Windsor, Conn.; Julia, b.  , m.Dr. J. M. Foster
of Springfield ; Henry James, b.  , grad. A. C. 1859, missionary in India.
Timothy the f. late in Ufe rem. to Springfield.
Buckley, Thomas, m. Mary Mack, pub. 8 Jan. 1862, and had John, b.
30 Oct 1862; Cornelius, b. 10 July 1865 ; Mary Anastasia, b. 27 July, 1867;
Catherine Johanna, b. 27 May 1870. William Thomas, b. 1 June 1864 ; Timothy
Edward, b. 4 Sep. 1876.
Burgess, Luther (a descendant from Thomas, who was in Sandwich
1637, and d. there 13 Feb. 1685, a. 82), m. Alice Southworth, and had Luther,
b. about 1776 ; Joseph, b.  , a mariner, impressed into the English navy,
wounded in the Battle of the Nile, and after a long absence returned to Hk.,
where he was with some difficulty recognized ; he was pub. to Achsah Thayer
ot Gr. 24 May 1819, had a dau. Alice, and d. at Fairhaven, Mass. ; Mary, b.
in Hk. 3 Ap. 1780, m. Jacob Earl 4 Oct. 1798, and d. 24 May 1850 ; prob.
Abigail, b. about 1784, d. 27 Sep. 1791,. a. nearly 7 years. Luther the f.
was a shipmaster, sailing from New Bedford, but rem. his family to Hk. be
fore 1780 ; he d. at sea about 1786 ; his w. Alice m. Benjamin Estabrook 12
Oct 1787, and d. 3 May 1807, a. 57.
2. Luther, s. of Luther (1), m. Bathsheba Turner 24 Dec. 1797 ; she d. 16
May 1802, a. 26, and he m. Sarah Carpenter 21 July 1805. His chU. were
Luther, b. 19 Mar. 1798, a farmer, m. Prudence Earl of N. Br., pub. 25 Mar.
1822, rem. to Sturbridge, and d. 25 Mar. 1871 ; Joseph, b. 18 Nov. 1799; Na
thaniel S., d. 6 June 1802, a. 7 mo.; Bathsheba, b. 14 Jan. 1806, ra. Joseph
Cleveland, pub. 12 Sep. 1825, and d. 5 Nov. 1881 ; infant, b.  , d. 26 Feb.
1808 ; infant, b. 28 Mar. 1809, d. 4 Ap. 1809 ; infant, b. — Feb. 1810, d. 31
May 1810; Samantha, h. 28 Nov. 1811, d. unm. 11 Sep. 1852, having exhib
ited extraordinary patience and cheerfulness under long-continued suflTering
and disability ; Daniel Southworth, b. 9 Nov. 1814, a mason and builder, res. in
Wore. ; Alice Southworth, b. 5 May 1817, d. unm. 2 May 1838; Alvin Terry, b. 31
July 1819, a mason and builder, res. in Wore; Martha Howe, b. 10 Oct. 1821 ;
Elizabeth Ann, b. 12 Feb. 1824 ; child b.  , 1826, d. 14 Ap. 1827, a. 1 year.
Henry Mortimer, b. 5 Feb. 1828; Edwin Kilburn, b. 3 Oct. 1830. Luther
the f. res. many years at the place marked with his name on the R. Map, and
d. 12 Ap. 1843, a 67; his w. Sarah d. 6 Oct 1848, a. 65.
3. Joseph, s. of Luther (2), m. Thankful Taber of Providence, pub. 29 Jan.
1831 ; she d. 2 Ap. 1840, a. 41, and he m. Hannah, dau. of Capt Peter Mayo,
5 Sep. 1841. His chil. were Joseph A., b. 25 Sep. 1833; Samuel T, b. 25 Sep.
1835, d. 23 Mar. 1836 ; Frederick W.,b. 25 June 1842, m. in Uxbridge, Sarah
Washburn — Nov. 1866; Alice A., b. 18 Sep. 1843, ra. Frank W. Millett of
Portland, Me., 30 May 1874; Sarah Elizabeth, b. 19 Jan. 1845, d. 10 Jan.
1846; Elizabeth, b. 20 May 1846 ; William M., b. 25 Dec. 1847, m. Nelly Nev-
ens — Jan. 1873, res. in Wore. ; Daniel S., b. 19 Sep. 1850, d. 21 July 1851;
Sarah S., b. 25 April 1852, m. Lewis Peckham of Pet 7 Au^. 1870. Joseph
the f., a shoemaker and deacon, res. near the Comraon on the Pet. road, and for
more than forty years was bell-ringer for the town; he d. 20 July 1879, a. 79.
Bursley, Mary, d. unm. 9 Oct. 1791, a 28. Hannah, m. Seth Ruggles
22 Nov. 1792.
Burt, Isaac, by w. Lydia, had Lydia, b. 29 Jan. 1797; Isaac, b. — 1798,
d. 11 Ap. 1877, a. 78 years and 6 raonths; Mary B., b. about 1806, d. unm.
12 Oct 1880, a. 74. Lydia, wid. of Isaac, d. 12 Ap. 1857, a. 84.
2. Ebenezer, s. of Ebenezer, was b. at Norton 9 Mar. 1766. He m. Lucy
Stacy of Taunton, 19 Nov. 1789, and had, in Norton, Lucy, b.  , m. John
Ellis 15 Ap. 1817, and d. 19 Sep. 1832, a. 42 ; Nabby, b.  , m. Thomas El
lis, 11 Ap. 1820; Eunice, b.  , ra. Marshall Durkee; and in Hardwick,
Nancy, b. 19 Ap. 1797, m. Jacob Thomas of Shutes. 5 Nov. 1837, and d. at N.
Sal. 2 Ap. 1852; Ebenezer, b. 19 May 1799; Abd, b. 10 Oct 1802, d. 23
July 1803. Ebenezer the f. rem. from Norton to Hardwick in 1796, and was
pastor of the Baptist Church and Society until 19 Nov. 1827. AVhUe here he
res. in the southwest part of the town, at the place marked ',' Mr. Burt" on
the R. Map. He rem. to Ware, and thence to Athol where he d. 25 Nov.
1861. His w. Lucy d. 26 or 27 Feb. 1828, a. 67.

344 BURT - CARPENTER.
3. Ebenezer, s. of Ebenezer (2), m. Luthera, dau. of Joseph Robinson of
Stamford, Vt., pub. 13 Mar. 1825, and had Luthera R., b. 6 Ap. 1826, d. 23
Oct. 1834. Ebenezer the f. d. at Ware 20 May 1850; his w. Luthera m. Job
Fry of Athol 15 Ap. 1851.
John, of Sprin<rf., m. Bathsheba, wid. of Jonathan Warner, 4 June 1765.
Leonard, of Westrainster, Vt, ra. Susanna Fay 19 Dec. 1790. Polly, ra.
Solomon Ruggles 8 Mar. 1803.
Butterfield, Abel, ni. Susanna Forbush 7 Ap. 1-785.
2. Aaron, by w. Mary, had Hosea, b.  1796, ra. Alraira Town H Ap.
1820, and d. at Gr. 5 Mar. 1851, a. 54 y. 5 mo. ; Mandell, b.  1798, d. at
Gr. 6 Feb. 1856, a 57 y. 7 mo.; and perhaps Benjamin, b. about 1814, d. at
Brighton 7 Feb. 1856, a. 42.
Byam, Joseph, by w. Sarah, had Sally, b. 3 Sep. 1 775. He sold his home
stead in the southwest part of the town, 6 Nov. 1775, and rem. to Barnard, Vt,
where he was constable in 1778.
Byram, James, m. Elizabeth Cox 8 Feb. 1781, and had Jonathan, b. 3 Aug.
1781; Nabby, b. 7 Mar. 1783, d. young; Wight, b. 14 Mar. 1785 ; he rem. to
Barnard, Vt, where he had Sally, b. 21 Nov. 1786; Nabby, b. 9 July 1788; Ly
man, b. 17 Feb. 1790.
Campbell, Jeremiah, by w. Peggy, had Peggy, b. — June 1784, d. 28
Aug. 1803, a. 19 years and 2 rao.; Susanna, b.  , ra. Daniel Barrows 12
Aug. 1813; Jeremiah,b. 5 Dec. 1790; Nancy, b. — Oct 1795, d. 31 Aug.
1803, a. 7 years and 10 mo.; Sally, b.  1801, d. 1 Sep. 1803, a. 2. Jere
miah the f. res. near Gr., at the place marked with his name on the R. Map,
and d. 18 Sep. 1841, a. 90; his w. Peggy d. 19 Feb. 1841, a. 83.
2. Jeremiah, s. of Jeremiah (1), had Nancy N., b. 1820, m. — Knight, d.
at Terapleton 5 Aug. 1878, a. 57; a child b.  1828, d. 25 June 1829, a. 1;
Caroline, b.  1835, d. 4 May 1840, a. 5. Jeremiah the f. d. — Jan. 1850.
John, ra. Nabby Barlow, 26 Aug. 1793. William A., m. Wilhelmina Pay-
ton, pub. 8 Aug. 1853. Philena, m. Robert Carr, 3 Dec. 1855. George D.,
m. Ellen A. Pierce, 19 Nov. 1862.
Cannon, John, of Dartmouth, m. Sarah, dau. of John Hathaway, 11 Oct.
1709, and had Cornelius, b. 18 July 1711 ; John, b. 11 Aug. 1714, d. 11 Sep.
1726; Elizabeth, b. 20 Mar. 1716-17; Mary,b. 3 Ap. 1719 ; Philip, b. 11 Sep.
1721; Joanna, b. 27 Mar. 728. John the f. bought a farra in Hk., on the east
side of the river, opposite to the estate of Mr. Reed S. Ruggles (marked " A.
Rich " on the R. Map), 14 Mar. 1736-7, upon which his son Cornelius imme
diately settled ; but he himself remained at Dartmouth, where he d. 28 Mar.
1750. 2. Cornelius, s. of John (1), m. Mehetabel  , and had at Dart. Sarah,
b. 7 Nov. 1733, d. at Hk. 13 May 1750 ; Susanna, b. 4 Aug. 1735; and at Hk.,
Temperance, b. 3 Aug. 1737 ; John, b. 17 Nov. 1739; Kezia, b. 27 Feb. 1741-2;
Seth, h. 15 Ap. 1744 ; Mehetabel, b. 25 Ap. 1745 ; Jesse, b. 17 Ap. 1746; Cor
nelius, b. 31 May 1748 ; Simeon, b. 8 Feb. 1749-50 ; Thomas, bap. 26 Jan. 1752;
Philip (posthumous), bap. 20 May 1753. Cornelius the f. rera. from Dart, to
Hk. in 1737, was town clerk 1739, and d. before 12 Dec. 1752, when the in
ventory of his estate was presented; his w. Mehetabel ra. Samuel Nye 16 Nov.
1756. Of their twelve chil. seven were living in 1761 : — Susanna (then wife
of Joseph Barns), Kezia, Mehetabel, Jesse, Cornelius, Simeon, and Philip.
James, m. Sally Putnam, pub. 28 Oct 1793.
Carpenter, Nathan, of Dudley, bought land in Hk. 29 June 1733, and
prob. rem. here about that time, being one of the earliest inhabitants. By his
first w. Patience, he had Gideon, b.  1725; Freelove, b.  , m. Josiah
Chandler; Nathan, b. 9 Oct 1731, d.  1748 ; by 2d w. AbigaU, he had Abi
gail, b. 9 Ap. 1733, m.  Searl; Isaiah,^ b. 18 Mar. 1735, pub. to Hannah
Robinson, 24 Feb. 1762; Benjamin, b. 8 Ap. 1737 ; his w. AbigaU d. and he
m. Sarah Powers, 8 June 1738, by whom he had Susanna, b. 29l)'eb. 1739-40,
m. Abel Benjamin 22 Mar. 1759 ; Patience, b. 14 Ap. 1744, m. Silas Nve 27*
Nov. 1766; Sarah, b. 10 Aug. 1746, d. young; Sarah, b. — Aug. 174*7, m.
1 See note under David Gitchell.

CARPENTER — CHAMBERLAIN. 345
PhUip Washburn 8 Jan. 1767; Joseph, b. 7 Sep. 1748; Lydia, b. 16 Oct 1750,
m. Daniel Clark of Springf., pub. 21 Ap. 1771; Dinah, b. 15 Ap. 1754, m. Da
vid Nutting of Brimfield, pub. 6 June 1773; Hepzibah, b. 21 Nov. 1757. Of
these chU. Gideon and Freelove are named in their father's will, 1769 ; the
births of all the others are recorded in Hk. Nathan the f. res. near the Old
Furnace, at the place marked " D. Granger " on the R. Map, and owned a part
of the saw-mUl then standing on Moose Brook ; he d. 12 Aug. 1770, a. 69.
2. Gideon, s. of Nathan (1), by w. Mary, had Nathan, b. 6 Feb. 1748; his
w. Mary d. and he ra. Jemima Jenney 31 May 1753, had Mary, b. 1 Ap. 1754,
m. James Nutting of Brimf. 29 June 1774; Elijah, bap. 16 Ap. 1758; Rhoda,
bap. 6 Ap. 1760; Jahazael, bap. 12 Sep. 1762, d. unm. about 1820; Benjamin,
bap. 21 July 1765; Elizabeth, bap. 19 June 1768, m. Oliver Chapin 25 Nov.
1790. Gideon the f. d. 28 Nov. 1805, a. 80; his w. Jemima d. 3 Oct 1804,
a. 77.
3. Nathan, s. of Gideon (2), m. Anna, dau. of Capt. Ebenezer Cox, 15
Mar. 1773, and had Ebenezer, b. 10 Nov. 1773, Mary,b. 2 Ap. 1775. Nathan
the f. rem. to Royalton, Vt., before 28 Oct. 1783, and ra. Hannah Andros in
Barnard 8 May 1 788.
4. Elijah, s. of Gideon (2), ra. Sarah, dau. of James Wing, 1 Feb. 1784,
and had Dulcinea, b. 27 Dec. 1784, ra. Elijah Stetson, 17 Ap. 1808; Rhoda, b.
15 June 1788; Harriet, b. 12 Sep. 1791, m. Anson Winchester 2 Sep. 1812;
Jason, b. 8 Sep. 1793; Hannah, b. — Sep. 1797, m. Lewis Foster of Palmyra,
N. Y., pub. 24 Sep. 1827. Elijah the f. was a farraer, res. on the Ware
road (formerly called Turkey Street), at the place marked "J. Carpenter"
on the R. Map, and d. 28 Aug. 1814; his w. Sarah d. 10 Jan. 1842, a.
nearly 81.
5. Jason, s. of Elijah (4), m. Sarah Gray of PeL, pub. 5 May 1821, and
had Elijah Stetson, bap. 21 July 1822; William Gray, b.  1824, d. 6 Oct
1830, a. 6 ; Hannah Foster, bap. 31 Aug. 1830 ; Susan Huntington, bap. 4 Nov.
1831 ; Benjamin Wisner, bap. 2 May 1835. Jason the f. inherited the home
stead, was a farraer, and deacon of the church. He rem. to Ware about 1851,
where he d. 17 Aug. 1864, and was bur. at Hk. in the new ceraetery.
6. Joel, parentage unknown, was here as early as 25 Mar. 1752, m. Mary,
dau. of Rev. Benjamin Ruggles of N. Br., 9 Dec. 1755, and had Eli, b. 12 Dec.
1756; Mary, bap. 6 May 1759; Lucy, bap. 3 May 1761. Joel the f. was a
physician, and res. at the place marked " Mr. Wesson " on the R. Map, which
he purchased 1 May 1760; and part of which he sold 1 Mar. 1764; how long
he reraained in Hk. does not appear.
Rachel, of Coventry, ra. Abraham Powers, pub. 1 Dec. 1759. Rufus, of
Woodstock, m. Olive Whitcomb 27 Feb. 1777. Sarah, m. Luther Burgess 21
July 1805. Joseph Henry, s. of Joseph and Adeline, b. 2 Feb. 1849. Mary,
w. of Charles W., d. 29 Nov. 1865, a. 55.
Carter, Edwin, by w. Sarah P., had Porter, b. 9 Nov. 1848; Cutler, b. 2
Jan. 1853 ; Nellie Augusta, b. 15 Aug. 1866. Silas J., d. 29 Jan. 1842, a. 46.
Ruth, d. 23 May 1880, a. 83.
Chamberlain, Joseph, m. Sarah Cook of Douglass, pub. 16 Feb. 1763, and
had Molly, b. 21 Oct. 1756 ; John, b. 6 Dec. 1757; Sarah, b. 22 Dec. 1759, m.
Jesse Byam of AVilliamstown 30 Jan. 1777; Asahel, b. 11 Feb. 1762.
2. Abraham, by w. Kezia, had Thomas, b. 9 Aug. 1766.
3. AVilliam, by w. Elizabeth, had Polly, b. 20 Jan. 1779.
4. Moses, b. in Natick about 1753, m. Hannah, dau. of Charles Church of
Bristol, and a hneal descendant from Col. Benjarain Church, a famous leader
in King Philip's AVar, 12 Aug. 1781, and had Charles Church, b. 24 Nov. 1781;
Harmon, b. 24 Oct. 1784. Moses the f. res. near the Old Furnace, was an inn
holder, and d. 13 May 1813, a. 59 ; his w. Hannah d. at Wore. 28 Aug. 1826,
a. 63.
5. Charles Church, s. of Moses (4), m. Sophia Orcutt of Terapleton, pub.
21 Aug. 1808, and had Humphrey, b. 5 Aug. 1809, d. young; Mary, b.  ,
m.  Hutchinson, and d.  ; Sophia, b.  , m. William A. Parker of
Roxbury ; Charles C, h.  1813, d. 2 Jan. 1815. Charles C. the f. d. 16
May 1814.

346 CHAMBERLAIN— CHANDLER.
6. Harmon, s. of Moses (4), m. Arathusa, dau. of Maj. Seth Hinkley, pub.
27 Ap. 1806, and had Caroline, b. 8 Mar. 1807, m. Joseph Pratt of Wore;
Hannah Church, b. 23 Jan. 1809, ra. George Perrin 13 Oct 1828; he d. 26
May 1834, and she m. Clarendon Wheelock 18 Sep. 1848, and d. 9 May 1853;
Rebecca Willis, b. 14 Feb. 1811, d. 8 Sep. 1814; Henry Harmon, b. 7 Jan.
1813, a merchant in AVorc, m. Charlotte Clark of Princeton ; Charles Church,
b. 26 or 30 June 1815, a watchmaker and jeweller, m. Cordelia M. Felton 15
Sep. 1836, and d. 24 Dec. 1851 ; Arathusa Hinkley, b. 20 Dec. 1817, res. unm.
at Wore. ; Moses Bradford, b. 14 Mar. 1820, d. 13 May 1825. Harmon the
f. was an innholder and raanutacturer of iron ware at the Old Furnace; he res.
at the place marked "Tavern" on tbe R. Map, until 1822, when he rem. to
Wore, where he kept a hotel a few years, was afterwards a grocer, and d. 12
Ap. 1838 ; his w. Arathusa d. 20 Dec. 1872, a. 86.
Rebecca, bap. 19 July 1772. Elizabeth, of Grafton, m. SUas Pratt, pub.
21 Feb. 1746-7. Joseph, of Pet, m. Deborah Nye 18 Ap. 1776. Kezia, ra.
John Shaw of Brk. 12 June 1780. Katy, m. James Faxon of AVorthington 24
Jan. 1792. Aaron, m. Rachel Herod of Ware 19 Nov. 1795. Samuel, of
Pet, m. Chloe Newton 15 Jan. 1804. Levi, m. Amittai Barnes 27 Oct, 1841.
Chandler, William, was one of the earliest English inhabitants of Rox
bury. A very full genealogy of his descendants was published by Dr. George
Chandler of Wore, in 1872, but unfortunately almost the whole edition was
destroyed by tbe great Boston fire in that year, while in the hands of the
binder; less than fifty copies were preserved. Much of what follows is gath
ered frora that work, which, it is expected, will soon be republished.
2. John, s. of William (1), rem. to Woodstock, Conn, (formerly a part of
Massachusetts), m. EUzabeth Douglass, was a deacon, and d. 15 Ap. 1703, a.
about 68 ; his w. Elizabeth d. at New London 23 Sep. 1705.
3. John, s. of John (2), b. at Roxbury 16 Ap. 1665, rem. to Woodstock
with his father, res. a few years in New London but returned to Woodstock,
was colonel of militia and judge of the Court of Common Pleas and of Pro
bate for the county of Wore, ifrom its organization in 1731 until his death in
1743, and raeraber of the Council from and after 1727. His w. was Mary Ray
mond of New London.
4. John, s. of John (3), rem. to Wore, in 1731, was clerk of the courts,
register of deeds and of probate, sheriff, and succeeded his father as col
onel, judge of the C. C. P. and of Probate, also as member of the Council. His
w. was Hannah, " dau. of John Gardner, Lord of the Isle of AVight in the
Province of New York." He d. at AA'^orc. in 1763.
5. John, s. of John (4),b. 26 Feb. 1720, was a merchant in Wore, lieutenant-
colonel (under Colonel Ruggles) and afterwards colonel of militia. He m. Doro
thy Paine, who had four chil. and d. 5 Oct. 1 745 ; he then m. Mary, dau. of
Colonel Charles Church of Bristol, R. I., who had thirteen chil. and d. 18 Sep.
1783. John the f. was a loyalist and refugee; he d. in London 26 Sep.
1800. 6. Gardner (or Gardiner) , the sixth child of John (5) , was b. 2 7 Jan. 1 749,
m. Elizabeth, dau. of Brigadier-General Ruggles, pub. 18 May 1772. He was a
merchant in Hk., but left his home during the Revolution, and his property was
confiscated. He subsequently returned, and " purchased the Dummer farm in
Brattleboro', Vt., and resided there, and was justice of the peace from 1789
to 1795." He d. in Hinsdale, N. H. His wiU was dated 7 June 1811. By.
his w. Elizabeth, he had Sarah, ra. George Hall (by whom she had five chU.)
and (2d) Richardson Bigelow, and d. before 7 June 1811 ; Elizabeth Augusta,
ni. Francis Blake, an eminent lawyer in AVorc. ; Charles, clerk in a Brattle
borough store, d. unm. and his estate was distributed 20 Ap. 1820.
7. Josiah, s. of Joseph of Pomfret, Conn., and grandson of John (2), b. 2
Oct. 1724, res. at Barre, m. Freelove, dau. of Nathan Carpenter of Hk ; she
d. 5 Sep. 1758, and he m. Lydia Richardson; she d. 2 May 1776, and he m.
Mary Blanchard.
8. Josiah Cotton, s. of Josiah (7), b. at Barre 22 May 1774, m. Ohve,
dau. of Timothy Fay, 24 Nov. 1799; she d. at Enf. 17 Nov. 1837, and he m.

CHANDLER - CHILDS. 347
AbigaU Manly. His chil. were, John, b. 29 Aug. 1800, fell from a scaffold and
fractured his skull when a boy, after which he was feeble-minded, and d. at
the House of Industry, Boston, 16 Sep. 1832; twin chUdren b. 1 and d. 2 and 3
June 1802; Philander, bap. 18 Mar. 1804, d. 8 Nov. 1804; Philander, b. 1
June 1805, a carpenter and deacon, m. Myra Keith of Pres. 29 Nov. 1833, and
res. in Hk., Pres., and Bel. (his son, Charles Henry, b. 25 Aug. 1840, grad. A.
C. 1866, and has been a very successful teacher and author); Elizabeth Lind
sey, b. 15 Oct. 1808, m. Frederick W. Shaw of Enf. 6 Feb. 1833 ; Hannah
Fay, bap. 20 Jan. 1811; Mary Ann, bap. 2 May 1813; Samuel Nowell, b. 3
Sep. 1815; William Fay, b. 17 Dec. 1817; Hannah Maria, b. 31 May 1820,
m. Warren Chapin 1 Mar. 1848; Josiah Henry, b. 26 May 1822; Rebecca Ann,
b. — — , m. Edwin Merrick, and d. — Aug. 1857 ; Pliny Fisk, b. 18 Aug. 1829.
Josiah Cotton the f. was a carpenter and for several years deacon of the
church ; he res. on the old turnpike, at the place marked " B. Fay " on the
R. Map; he rem. to N. Br. about 1816, and thence to Enf. about 1823, and d.
12 Mar. 1849.
Chaplin, Ebenezer, Y. C. 1763, was ordained pastor of the church in the
second parish of Sutton (now Millbury), 14 Nov. 1764; and was dismissed
22 Mar. 1792. His dau. Sarah m. Rev. Thomas Holt of Hk. 5 May 1796,
with whom he made his home in his old age, and in whose house he d. 13 Dec.
1822, a. 89. He was a staunch supporter of the established Theology, and a
rigid disciplinarian, both in the church and in the family. His intellect was
clear, strong, and logical, and he had an ample fund of grim humor. Both of
these characteristics were manifest, not only in his sermons and farailiar con
versation, but in a volurae published by him in 1802, entitled " A Treatise on
the Nature and Importance of the Sacraraents." He was tall, well-formed, and
athletic; and his favorite mode of travelling was on horseback. He was
among the last, it not the very last in Hk., to wear the full-bottomed wig,
cocked hat, breeches, and white-topped boots, — which costume gave him a
strikingly venerable appearance.
Chase, Lyman, m. Lorinda Oakes of N. Sal., pub. 27 Ap. 1854, and had
Lillian Adelia, b. 20 Aug. 1858, d. 24 Mar. 1880; Nellie Gray, b. 14 Aug.
1863; George Lyman, b. 23 Sep. 1865.
2. Horace, m. Eunice J. Haskell 4 July 1864, and had William Horace, b.
4 May 1865; Mary Winona, b. 22 Sep. 1866; Frank Haskell, b. 22 Feb. 1869;
Helen M., b. 6 Dec. 1870; Joseph Harmon, b. 7 Dec. 1872 ; Nathan P., b. 22
Aug. 1875; John H., b. 4 Oct 1877.
3. Joseph, by w. Caroline, had Joseph Herbert, b. 15 Aug. 1868.
Lydia, m. Lewis Thresher of Pres. — Dec. 1842. Nathan P., m. Me
hetabel Mayo 17 May 1854. Rebecca, w. of James, d. 31 May 1853, a. 67.
Childs, Ebenezer, s. of Deac. Ebenezer of Barnstable, b. 10 Ap. 1723, m.
Hannah Crocker 15 Jan. 1745, and had Ebenezer, b. about 1745, and perhaps
others ; he m. (2d) Abigail, dau. of Hatsuld Freeman of Harwich, now Brews
ter, 1 July 1756, and had Jonathan, b. 13 May 1757, m. Deliverance, dau. of
Nathan Freeman of Hk., 13 Jan. 1778, and prob. m. (2d) Rebecca Hinkley of
Hk. 3 Feb. 1785; Abigail, b. 26 Dec. 1758, ra. Dr. Arthur Rawson of Hk. 23
June 1785; Hope, b. 21 Jan. 1761; Mary, bap. 10 Ap. 1763. Ebenezer
the f. settled in Barre as early as 1776.
2. Ebenezer, of N. Sal., s. of Ebenezer (1), m. AbigaU, dau. of Capt.
Benjamin AViUis of Hk., 26 Dec. 1769, and had Betsey, b. 27 May 1772, m.
Gideon Tenney of Barre 8 Mar. 1792, and d. 15 Mar. 1870; Moses, b. 6 July
1777 ; Eben, b. 21 Mar. 1784, d. 7 Mar. 1786 ; Ebenezer, b. 2 July 1787; Tyler,
b. — Aug. 1772, d. 8 Nov. 1800. Of these chil. the first was b. at N. Sal.,
the next three at Barre, and the last two were bap. at PIk. 2 July 1797. Be
sides these, was prob. Benjamin Willis, b. about 1775. Ebenezer the f. rem.
to Hk. about 1785, and d. 7 Mar. 1 809, a. 65 ; his w. AbigaU d. 26 Dec. 1810.
3. Benjamin AVillis, prob. s. of Ebenezer (2), m. Anna, dau. of Eliphalet
Washburn, 25 Nov. 1798, and had Benjamin Willis, b. 6 Nov. 1799, d. at
Oxford 31 Dec. 1866; Triphena Washburn, b. 13 Aug. 1801; Aurelia, b. 28
June 1803; Elvira, b. 28 May 1805; Franklin, b. 10 Sep. 1807; Tyler, b. 18

348 CHILDS— CLARK.
June 180S ; Martin Luther, b. 2 June 1811; Anna, bap. 11 July 1813 ; Julia
Ann, bap. 25 June 1814; Alexander Hamilton, bap. 1 June 1817. Benjamin
W. tbe f. res. in the northeasterly part of the town, was elected deacon 10
Aug. 1812, rera. to Barre, and d. in 1838. A sad calamity befell him 2 Oct.
1811, at a raiUtary training. During the excitement of a sham-fight, he
neglected to reraove tbe ramrod from his musket ; the fatal missile struck John
Warner (a young soldier twenty years old) in the forehead, and broke, leav
ing exposed about an inch of its length in front, and a part of the screw pro
truding through the skuU at the back of the head. Death ensued in a few
hours. Eliphaz, m. Ruth Gibbs of Gr., pub. 14 'Ap. 1788. Mercy, of Barre, m.
Apollos Luce, pub. 30 Oct. 1808. Horace S., of Brandon, Vt, m. Mary P.
Rice 15 Oct 1817.
Church, Samuel, an early settler, by w. Damaris, had Abigail, b. 16
OctTVrW; Martha, b. 23 Sep. 1737; Elisha, b. 1 Dec. 1739; Sarah, b. 28 Ap.
1741 ; Damaris, b. 29 Aug. 1742; Susanna, bap. 14 July 1745; Hannah, h. I
Sep. 1747; Samuel, b. 10 Oct 1749; Ursula,^ b. 14 Oct. 1751. Samuel the f.
d. before 13 Nov. 1771, when his w. Damaris ra. Stephen Warner of Granby.
For many reasons it seems probable that this family descended from Richard
Church, who was of Hartford 1637, rem. to Hadley 1659, with sons Edward
and Samuel, and d. 16 Dec. 1667. See Judd's Hist. Hadley, p. 460.
2. Richard, prob. brother of Sarauel (1), by w. Hannah, had Richard, b.
23 Jan. 1741-2; Samuel, b. 6 Aug. 1743; Simeon, 13 Aug. 1745; Mary, h. 18
Feb. 1747-8, ra. Seth Winslow, pub. 23 Nov. 1775; Susanna, b. 11 Mar.
1749-50; Edward, b. 3 Nov. 1752; John, bap. 15 Aug. 1756. Richard the f.
was one of the earliest inhabitants of Hk. and an original member of the
church organized in 1736. He prob. rem. to Gr. before 15 Aug. 1756, when
his sons Edward and John were bap. there.
3. Timothy, possibly bro. of Samuel (1), by w. Abigail, had Reuben, b. 21
Mar. 1757; Eleanor, b. 21 Oct. 1759; Samuel, bap. 16 Aug. 1761; Calvin, bap.
19 June 1763.
Charles, of Bristol, Mass., bought land in Hk. (then Lambstown) 26 Nov.
1735, of AVUliam Dudley, and sold the sarae to Thomas Church of Little
Compton, R. I., 26 Dec. 1735. but no evidence appears that either of thera ever
res. here. Abigail, of Hadley, m. Ichabod Stratton, Jr., 14 Oct 1743. Han
nah, ra. Moses ChamberUn 12 Aug. 1781. Sarah, m. Zephaniah Spooner 5
Nov. 1789. [Hannah and Sarah before named were daughters of Charles
Church of Bristol, and Uneal descendants from the famous Colonel Benjamin
Church of Little Compton, R. I. They seera also to be descended from John
Alden and Governor Bradford ; but the line of descent is not traced.]
Clapp, William, had William, bap. 27 July 1817; Samuel Emerson, bap.
30 Sep. 1821.
Cephas, of N. Br., m. Hannah Spooner 21 Mar. 1821. Rebecca and
Sarah, adults, were bap. 14 May 1820.
Clark, Joseph, res. in Rochester, and by w. Thankful had Isaac, b. 6
Sep. 1721; Katherine, b. 17 Oct 1723, ra. Thomas Weeks of Hk. 3 Ap. 1743;
Joseph, b. 30 Nov. 1724; Thankful, b. — Aug. 1727; Nathaniel, b. 7 Feb.
1729-30; Willard, b. 21 Mar. 1731-2.
2. Isaac, s. of Joseph (1), ra. Content AVeeks of Hk. 29 Oct. 1742, and had
Bethia, b. 2 July 1744; Isaac, b. 24 Nov. 1746 ; Catherine, b. 29 May 1749;
Thankful, b. 18 May 1752, m. Jabez ElweU 21 Dec. 1769; Content, b. 21 Auo-.
1754, m. Jabez Cobb, 8 Dec. 1776; Sarah, b. 3 July 1757, m. Joseph Robinson,
30 Sep. 1773, and (2d) James Blair of AVestern (now AVarren), 26 Mar. 1805,
whom she survived, and d. 16 Dec. 1844; Thomas, bap. 10 Feb. 1760, d.
young; Rlioda, b. 27 Jan. 1762, m. Timothy Hathaway 23 Sep. 1784; Thomas,
b. 10 July 1764 ; Asa, bap. 18 Ap. 1767; Susanna, b. 29 Jan. 1768, m. Simeon
Clark 1 Dec. 1791. Isaac the f. rem. to Hk. about 1747, was a farmer, and
d. 24 Dec. 1804; his w. Content d. 22 Feb. 1809, a. 85.
3. Isaac, s. of Isaac (2), m. Patience Stearns ot Wore. 6 Jan. 1774, and
had PoUy, b. 3 Mar. 1774, m. John White 19 Nov. 1795 ; Alinda, b. 19 July

CLARK. 349
1775, m. Asa WithereU  ; Ira, b. 5 June 1777; Ezra, b. 26 Aug. 1779 ;
Patience, b. 21 July 1781, m. George AA''. AVebb 16 Oct. 1803 ; Bethia, b. 14
Nov. 1782; Fanny, b. 25 Ap. 1785, m. Samuel Hathaway 17 Oct 1805;
Willard, b.  , m. Fanny GitHn 25 Mar. 1810; Harmon, b.  , m. Eliza
Bartlett of N. Br., pub. 19 Jan. 1818. Isaac the f. was a farraer, res. on the
Ware road, at the place marked " C. Ruggles " on the R. Map, and d. 19 Aug.
1814; his w. Patience survived.
4. Ezra, s. of Isaac (3), m. Elizabeth Webb, 17 Nov. 1803, and had Alma,
b. 27 Aug. 1806, m. Willard Sloan ; Luthera, b. 21 Feb. 1810, m. Levi AVhip-
ple AVarner 10 Ap. 1832; Elisha Winslow, b. 22 Nov. 1811, d. unm. 6 Feb.
1848; Susan, b. 22 May 1813, m. Lucius Lawton 3 Ap. 1834. Elizabeth (pos
thumous), b. 19 Jan. 1815, ra.  Chilson. Ezra the f. was a farmer, rem.
to Danville, Vt., but returned in 1807, and res. on the Ware road next north
erly from his father's farra, and d. 11 Aug. 1814; his w. EUzabeth m. Capt.
Benjamin Paige, 6 June, 1819, and d. 16 Mar. 1856, a. 73.
5. Edward, b. at Bellingham, ra. Anna Jennison, and had Simeon, h.
 ; prob. Polly, h.  , d. 26 Feb. 1789, a. 26; Anna, b.  , ra. John
Paige, pub. 15 Sep. 1788, d. 27 Mar. 1845, a. 77 ; Samuel, b.  ; Philena,
b.  , d. 16 Aug. 1790, a. 17 or 18; Edward, b.  ; Nathaniel, b.  ,
ra. Sally Curtis 14 July 1793 ; Sophia, h.  , m. Samuel King, pub. 11 Oct.
1801, d.at Barre 27 Mar. 1877, a. 93. Edward the f. came here frora Pet.
and d. 2 Jan. 1820, a. 88, according to the records of the town and church;
but his head-stone is inscribed 5 Dec. 1819, a. 85; his w. Anna d. 16 Oct 1802,
a. 62.
6. Simeon, s. of Edward (5), m. Susanna, dau. of Isaac Clark, 1 Dec. 1791,
and had Stillman,b. 6 Feb. 1793; Cyrus, b. 8 Mar. 1795; Asa, b. 12 June
1797; Caroline, bap. 3 Aug. 1800; Livy, bap. 3 Mar. 1805. Simeon the f.
d. in 1809; his w. Susanna d. in 1811.
7. S.\MUEL, s. of Edward (5), ra. Mehetabel Ingerson of Ashford, Conn., pub.
30 Oct. 1791, and had Philena, b.  , d. 11 Mar. 1809, a. 15; Clarissa, b.
 , d. 5 Feb. 1809, a. 12; Horace, b.  , d. 21 Nov. 1811, a. 12 ; Almond
Ingerson, b.  , d. 18 Aug. 1807, a. 21 months; and perhaps others.
8. Edward, s. of Edward (5), ra. Betsey Paige 23 Feb. 1800, and had
Eliza, ra. Abraham Stevens ; Maria B., m. Barnes Green ; John Paige, d. in
Oakham 20 July 1869, a. 63; Charles Safford; Josepll Cutler; Henry Harri
son ; Benjamin Paige, m. Julia Ann Emerson of Waltham, pub. 9 Ap. 1841, a
confectioner, res. in Cambridge, and owns a hotel and large estate at Cold-
brook. 9. Stillman, s. of Simeon (6), m. Sophronia Amidon, 9 Sep. 1819; she d.
12 Oct. 1840, a. 47, and he m. Charlotte Howe of Barre, pub. 23 Ap. 1842.
His chil. were Charles Stillman, b. 19 June, 1823; PJioda Ann,b. 20 Mar.
1825, m. Bela B. Paige 28 Nov. 1844; Susan Sophronia, b. 16 Aug. 1826 ;
Sarah Amidon, b. 17 July 1829, ra. Oren Gould 25 Nov. 1851, and d. 25 Feb.
1878; Alice,b.  , d. 8 June 1855, a. 19; Henry, b. 25 Ap. 1844, d. 9
Jan. 1845. Stillman the f. was a farmer, res. on the Barre road, at the
place marked with his name on the R. Map, and d. 7 Feb. 1881, a. 88 ; his
w. Charlotte d. 25 July 1877, a. 75.
10. Asa, s. of Simeon (6), m. Patience Dennis 5 June 1823, and had Eliz
abeth Eunice, b. in Barre 26 Mar. 1824, m. Elijah Warner Robinson 20 Oct.
1855, and d. 19 Mar. 1881 ; Lucy Henry, b. in Barre, 1 June 1826, m. Wil
lard Broad, 18 July 1854; he d., and she m. Alpheus Harding of Barre, 24
June 1874. As A the f. res. at different times in Pet., Barre, and Hardwick;
he d. here 16 Mar. 1881, a. nearly 84; his w. Patience d. in Barre 1 Oct.
1868, a. 67.
11. Charles Stillman, s. of Stillman (9), m. Sarah W. Newcomb 14
Dec. 1856, and had Charles Laman, b. 4 Nov. 1857, d. 6 May 1858 ; George
Stillman, b. 30 June 1859; Frederick Williams, b. 13 Oct 1862; Frank Dex
ter, b. 11 Oct 1868; Carrie Maria S.,b. 15 Nov. 1871. Charles Still
man the f., a farmer, res. on the Barre road, at the place marked " Mr.
Haven " on the R. Map.

350 CLARK — CLEVELAND.
12. Nathan, by w. Anna, had Relief, b. 8 Sep. 1801.
13. Henry H, by w. Freelove, had Henry R., b.  , d. 31 July, 1838, a.
3 ; a daughter b. 7 Sep. 1848 ; and perhaps others. His w. Freelove d. 23
Sep. 1850, a. 39.
14. Kenas, by w. Jane Ann, had Julia Maria, b. 4 Mar. 1849; Martha
Maria, b. 27 Mar. 1851.
Sally, d. 3 Mar. 1813, a. 23. Philena, d. 20 Oct 1840, a. 37. Lydia,
of Rochester, m. Moses Haskell, pub. 18 May 1751. Hannah, ot Barre, m.
Samuel Robinson, Jr., 15 May 1758. Edward, of Hubbardston, m. Mrs. Su
sanna Rice, 22 Ap. 1779. Seth, m. Ede Love, pub. 15 Oct. 1780. Hannah,
m. Samuel Haskins 3d, 19 Jan. 1804.
Cleveland, Ephraim, " m. Hannah Hayward, 1747, and settled in
W. B., and had Joseph 1749, Benjamin 1751, Elijah 1753, Lucy and Ebenezer
1755, Olive 1758, Persis 1760." (Mitchell's Hist. Bridgewater, p. 137.) Besides
these there was prob. Ephraim, b. in 1747 or 1748. All the chil. except
Benjamin were m. in Hk. : — Ephraim, m. Lydia Whipple 15 Nov. 1770 ;
Joseph, m. Elizabeth Wheeler 4 May 1772 ; Elijah, m. Sally Marsh, pub. 14
May, 1789, and d. 15 July 1812, a. 60 ; Lucy, ra. Ichabod Eddy, pub. 24 Dec.
1780 ; Ebenezer, m. Betsey Barnard 28 Nov. 1790 ; Olive, m. Silas Whitaker of
Pet 7 Ap. 1785; Persis, ra. Aaron Cooley of Athol, 9 Oct. 1783. Ephraim
the f. was a saddler, bought a farra in the westerly part of Hk. 27 Mar. 1761,
to which he prob. rem. immediately, and d. 9 Ap. 1822, a. 96 ; ^ his w.
Hannah d. 21 Nov. 1810, a. 81. Their posterity in Hk. was numerous ; but
as only one of their sons caused the birth of his children to be entered on the
town records, and the later generations were alike neglectful until 1843, I
have no raeans to trace the family genealogy with exactness. I can only
gather a few fragments, chiefly from the records of marriages and deaths.
2. Ebenezer, s. of Ephraim (l),m. Betsey Barnard 28 Nov. 1790, and had
Polly, b. 6 Dec. 1791, ra. Rufus Barnes 31 Dec. 1818 ; Asa (or Asaph), b. 6
Nov. 1795, m. Nancy Freeraan, pub. 20 Dec. 1824, d. 25 Sep. 1880 ; William,
b. 1 Sep. 1798; Newcomb, b. 18 Feb. 1800, m. Sophronia Gilbert 17 Feb.
1824. Ebenezer the f. d. 7 Dec. 1800, a. 45.
3. Joseph, prob. s. of Joseph and Elizabeth (Wheeler), m. Anna Barnes,
and had Jason, who ra. Lucy H. Sraith 3 Jan. 1845; his w. Anna, d. 17 Mar.
1823, a. 16, and he ra. Bathsheba, dau. of Luther Burgess, pub. 12 Sep. 1825,
and had Joseph; Andrew j Henry; Cutler; Charlotte, d. 14 Aug. 1835, a.
20 months; Frederick M., b.-  -1836; William H., b.  1840, m. Mary
A. Atwood 17 July 1861, two days afterwards joined the Union Army, and d.
in the service 19 Aug. 1863 ; Dwight, b. 23 Nov. 1843 ; Franklin H., b. 11 Dec.
1846 ; Alpheus, b. 3 June 1852; a son b. 29 Dec. 1854, d. 31 Dec. 1854.
4. Elijah, prob. s. of Elijah and Sally (Marsh), m. Lucy Barnes 14 Dec.
1819 ; some of their chil. were Henry E., b.  1820, m. AbigaU B. Holden
of N. Sal. 26 Aug. 1846 ; Albert A., b.  1822, ra. Mary J. Dart 28 Mar. 1847 ;
Ephraim, b.  1823, ra. Angeline C. Holden of N. Sal., pub. 5 Ap. 1848 ;
Lucia C, b.  1825, m. Eli AVarner of N. Br. 1 Ap. 1845 ; William Warren,
b. 1831. Elijah the f. d. 28 Oct. 1856, a. 66 ; his w. Lucy d. 31 Jan. 1858,
a. 61.
5. Royal, s. of Elijah and SaUy (Marsh), ra. Sally Sraith of Pet., pub. 3
Ap. 1820 ; some of their chU. were Porter C, b.  1823 ; Edward S., b.
 1829, m. Nancy G. Turner of Alna, Me., 4 May 1869; Almira N., b.
 1835, m. WiUiam W. Cleveland 20 Jan. 1853. Royal the f. d. 26 Feb.
1875, a. nearly 82 ; his w. Sally d. 23 Nov. 1873, a. nearly 78.
6. Newcomb, =. of Ebenezer (2), m. Sophronia Gilbert 17 Feb. 1824, and
had William Orson, b. 21 Oct. 1827 ; Sarah Gilbert, b. 29 Au"-. 1829 • So
phronia Jane, b. 25 June 1831 ; Alpheus Angel, b. 25 Auo-. 1834.° '
7. Joseph A., s. of Joseph (3), by w. Mary E., had° Joseph Anson, b. 30
Jan. 1847.
8. Frederick M., s. of Joseph (3), m. Helen J. Barnes 4 May 1864, and
1 The Town Record gives 36 as the age, but the date of marriage aud other facts nlainlv
indicate a mistake. i-.ai-i'j

CLEVELAND — COBB. 351
had Eugene Sumner, b. 31 Mar. 1865; Leslie Linwood, b. 10 Mar. 1871 ; Heber
Howe, b. 3 Sep. 1872 ; Ernest Elgin, b. 23 July 1876. Frederick M. the
f. d. 19 Dec. 1876, a. nearly 41.
9. Dwight, s. of Joseph (3), by w. Sarah J., had Arietta Rowena, b. 25
Nov. 1862, d. 4 Mar. 1863 ; Leverett Dwight, b. 16 July 1866.
10. William Warren, s. of Elijah (4), m. Almira M. Cleveland 20 jJan.
1853, and had Mason Webster (or Warren Webster), b. 9 Sep. 1853, d. 10 Dec.
1853 ; Julia Eva, b. 1 Jan. 1861. William Warren the f. d. 5 Jan. 1862,
a. 31.
11. Porter C, s. of Royal (5), m. ArmaniUa M. Hinkley of Barre, pub.
10 Oct 1845 ; she d. 15 Mar. 1866, a. 45, and he m. Mrs. Ellen M. Howe of
Barre, 1 Nov. 1866, and had Julian P., b. 23 Sep. 1868.
12. Joseph A., s. of Joseph A. (7), by w. Abbie J., had.i?«a Bell, b. 23
Sep. 1868.
13. Alvin, parentage not ascertained, by w. Ruth, had Sylvester S., b. 
1838, ra. Nettie A. Sears of Gr. 2 Dec. 1863 ; and prob. the same Alvin,
by w. Rosetta, had Leora Elmina, h. 27 June 1849.
14. Andrew, by w. Mary E., had George La Fayette, b. 27 Sept. 1848 ;
Charles Laforest, b. 28 Feb. 1850.
15. Willard, m. Mary L. Cook of Warwick, pub. 20 May 1857, and had
Elliott Edwards, b. 17 June 1861 ; Mary A., b. 13 Mar. 1865 ; Carrie Maria,
b. 2 Ap. 1867 ; Royal Cook, b. 17 Aug. 1871.
Charles R., m. Eunice S. Thayer of Athol, pub. 24 Aug. 1842. L.
Angeline, m. Emerson Warner of N. Br., pub. 18 Jan. 1851. Sarah M. J.,
m. WUUam N. Gore, pub. 11 Feb. 1851. R. Alice, ra. Walter W. Warner
of N. Br., pub. 2 Dec. 1852. Calvin, s. of Elijah, d. at Fitchburg 4 June
1878, a. 74.
Clifford, Edward, m. Abigail Winslow 30 Nov. 1761, and had Samuel,
h. 25 Mar. 1762 ; Anna, b. 7 Jan. 1769; Amelia, b. 6 Feb. 1775; Fanny, b.
6 Sep. 1778.
2. Sa.muel, prob. s. of Edward (1), by w. Ruth, had Daniel Pratt, b. 12
Aug. 1786.
Pliny, ra. Elvira Leonard of N. Sal., pub. 11 June 1825.
Clinton, Henby. See Jonathan S. Sloan.
Cobb, Elisha, by w. PrisciUa, had Lemuel, b. 9 Jan. 1735 ; a dau. b. 26
Sep. 1787 (prob. the Lydia who m. Elkanah Stewart 7 Sep. 1761) ; John, b.
6 Sep. 1741 ; Elisha, b. 22, June 1744, m. Elizabeth Barnet 8 Nov. 1770 ;
Sylvanus, b. 13 Aug. 1747 ; m. Elizabeth Warren of AVestborough 9 Mar.
1772 ; Hannah, b. 1 Feb. 1749, m. Ephraim Titus 20 Dec. ,1770 ; Jabez, b. 3
Ap. 1752. Elisha the f. was styled a " mariner" in 1754, and is supposed
to have been one of the very nuraerous posterity of Elder Henry Cobb, who
d. in Barnstable, 1679.
2. Lemuel, s. of Elisha (1), m. Lydia, dau. of Joseph AUen, 10 Oct.
1765 ; she d. 11 July 1776, a. 32, and he m. Abigail, dau. of John Amidon
27 Mar. 1777. His chil. were Anna, b. 19 Feb. 1766, m. Samuel Dennis 3
May 1788; Lydia,b. i San. 1769, m. Alpha Warner 14 Jan. 1796; Hannah,
b. 24 Nov. 1771 ; Elizabeth, b. 18 Mar. 1774, d. young; John, bap. 26 July
1778 ; Lemuel, b. 17 July 1780, ra. Loesena (Lucina ?) Newton 2 June 1803 ;
Elizabeth, b. 7 Mar. 1782, ra. Micah Haskell 8 May 1797 ; Nabby, bap. 26
July 1789. Lemuel the f. rem. to Hardwick, Vt.
3. John, s. of Elisha (1), ra. Thankful Sears 19 July 1764, and had Molly,
b. 18 Mar. 1765.
4. Jabez, s. of Elisha (1), m. Content Clark 8 Dec. 1776, and had Isaac,
b. 3 Sep. 1777 ; Elnathan, b. 16 Nov. 1779.
5. Sherebiah, parentage not ascertained, by w. Charity, had Hannah,
b.  , m. Nathan Paige 25 Ap. 1784 ; Sally, b.  , d. unra. 17 Aug.|1856,
a. 86 ; Cynthia, b.  , d. unm. 5 May 1826, a. 50 ; Zenas, b. 31 Mar. 1779,
m. Cinderilla, dau. of Joseph Robinson, 1 Dec. 1803 ; she d. 9 May 1804, a.
24, and he m. Eleanor Smith, 2 June 1805. Sherebiah the f. was a farmer,
rem. from Raynham to Hk. before 1779, res. on the westerly side of Muddy

352 COBB.
Brook, at the place marked " S. Cobb " on the R. Map, andd. 3 July 1811,
a. 72 ; his w. Charity d. 20 or 22 Oct. 1817, a. 78.
6. Gershom, m. Meletiab, dau. of John Smith, 19 Jan. 1726-7, and had,
at Middleborough, Hope, b. 10 Nov. 1727 ; Jonathan, b. 14 Nov. 1729 ; Perez,
b. 5 Auo-. 1731 ; Andrew, b. 13 Oct 1733 ; Joseph, b. 23 Jan. 173o-6 ; Lydia,
b. 31 May, 1739; Sylvanus, b. 13 June, 1741 ; Ebenezer, b. 27 May 1744.
Gershom the f. is supposed to have been son of Deac. Jonathan and
Hope (Huckins) Cobb (who rem. frora Barnstable to Mid. about 1695, and d.
15 Auo-. 1728, a. 68), and grandson of Elder Henry and Sarah (Hinkley) Cobb
(who was of Plymouth about 1629, of Scituate 1633, one of the founders and
a deacon of the church there 1635, rera. with the church to Barnstable 1639,
was subsequently ruling elder, and d. in 1679). Gkkshom was not the ''first
deacon " of the Middleborough church, as inscribed on his head-stone, but was
elected in 1745 to that office." Late in life he rera. to Hk., where he d. 28 Aug.
1781, a. 86 ; his w. Meletiab, d. 26 Mar. 1788, a. 83. A large head-stone
near the gate of the old ceraetery denotes the place where their bodies were
deposited. 7. Perez, s. of Gershom (6), was a farmer, and res. in N. Br., about a raile
easterly from the Old Furnace, on the farm bought by him of Capt. Eleazar
Warner 4 May 1764, and afterwards owned by his son Perez. I have not seen
any record of his children. He d. 17 or 18 Nov. 1819, a. 88; his w. Abiel d.
27 Dec. 1819, a. 79..
8. Andrew, s. of Gershom (6), res. in Blid., where, by w. Experience, he
had Gershom, b. 2 May 1762 ; Andrew, b. 16 June 1764, m'. Hannah F. Oliver;
Lewis, b. 9 Dec. 1766, ra. Abigail Cushman 1798.
9. Sylvanus, s. of Gershom (6), ra. Molly EUis 13 Oct. 1765 at Mid., and
rera. to Hk. about 1777. His chil. were Joseph, b. 15 May 1767 ; Hope, b. 20
June 1769, ra. Elias White of Barre 2 Oct 1789; Sarah, b. 1 Nov. 1770, d.
29 July 1772; Polly, b. 25 July 1772, m. Jonathan Fletcher of Barre 21 Dec.
1794; Betsey (twin), b. 12 June 1774; Deborah (twin), b. 12 June 1774, m.
Isaac Bridges, Jr., 27 Jan. 1795; Salome, b. 12 Aug. 1776; Benjamin, b. 10
May 1778, m. Sally Jenkins of Barre, pub. 17 June 1801; Ellis, b. 11 Mar.
1780; Daniel, b. 15 Dec. 1782, ra. Mrs. Hannah Clark of Ware, pub. 14 July
1817, d. at Deerfield 22 May 1856 ; Clarissa, b. 27 Dec. 1784, d. unm. 16 Jan.
1867 ; Mivina, b. 8 June 1786, m. Noah White of Barre 8 Feb. 1807 ; Amma-
dulce, b. 12 June 1788, ra. Alanson Gilbert, pub. 18 Sep. 1825, and had one
child, Alanson A., b. 6 Mar. 1827 ; she d. at Charlestown 18 May 1881. Syl
vanus the f. was a farmer, and res. near Barre, at the place marked " B. J.
Cobb" on the R. Map, and d. 9 June 1834, a. 93; his w. Molly d. 16 Aug.
1830, a. 86.
10. Ebenezer, s. of Gershom (6), m. Martha, dau. of AValter Hastings, 5
Oct. 1780, and had Otis, b.  , m. Daphne Fay, pub. 18 July 1802; Ebene
zer, b. about 1784 ; and perhaps others. Ebenezer the f. was a cordwainer,
res. for a tirae in Barre and afterwards in Hk. During the latter part of his
life, for several years, he was toll-gatherer at the turnpike gate near the Old
Furnace. He d. 15 Jan. 1816, a. 71 ; his w. Martha d. 2 June 1827, a. 81.
11. Gershom, s. of Andrew (8), m. Lydia Besse at Mid. in 1791, and the
sarae year rera. to Hk., where she d. 14 Ap. 1808, a. 43, and he ra. Abigail
Thomas 2 Mar. 1811. His chil. were an infant, d. 29 Feb. 1792; Lydia. b. -^ —
1793, d. 5 July 1803, a. 10; Gershom, b.  1795, d. 24 Aug. 1833, a. 38;
Aretas, b.  ^"1797, d. 13 July 1803, a. 6 ; Miles, b. 25 Nov. 1798; Experience,
b.  1800, d. 4 July 1803, a. 2 years 8 mo.; Prior, b.  , d.  -. Ger
shom the f. was a cordwainer, res. on the easterly road to Gilbertville, at the
place marked " Mr. Bolster " on the R. Map, and d. 15 Ap. 1812, a. nearly
50; his w. Abigail ra. David Blackraer 13 Oct. 1823, and d. 22 Mar. 1832.
12. Ebenezer, s. of Ebenezer (10) by w. Joanna had Lydia, b.  1809, d.
unm. 6 Oct. 1840, a. 31; Clark Hastings, b.  1813, d. 8 May, 1814, a. 14
inonths; a child b.  1818, d. 17 Sep. 1820, a. 2; Frederick A., b. about
1823; and perhaps others. Ebenezer the f. res. on the old turnpike, about
half a mile westerly from the Old Furnace, at the place marked with his name

COBB — COLLINS. 353
on the R. Map, and d. 16 Nov. 1835, a. 51 ; his w. Joanna d. 30 Dec. 1845,
a. 60.
13. Miles, s. of Gershom (U), m. Lucretia Tolman, pub. 30 Dec. 1826, and
had Amory B.; Lydia, ra. Luther Marsh of Holden 23 Ap. 1849, and d. 13
Nov. 1863, a. 35; Aretas, d. 13 Mar. 1851, a. 19; Andrew, d. 27 Ap. 1855, a.
22; Prior, d. 25 Feb. 1857, a. 21. Miles the f., a farmer, res. at GUbertville,
and d. 5 Feb. 1882; his w. Lucretia d. 1 Feb. 1879, a. 81.
14. Frederick A., s. of Ebenezer (12), m. Elizabeth S. Conkey 11 Dec.
1845, and had William Frederick, b. 21 Mar. 1850; Carrie Frances, b. 22 Sep.
1853, m. Charles E. Trumbull of N. Brk. 12 July 1879, and d. 2 June 1882.
15. Amory B., s. of Miles (13), by w. Fanny (who d. 16 July 1859, a. 32),
had Crilla Acrora, b. 22 Aug. 1857, d. 3 Nov. 1857; Fanny Alline, b. 10 July
1859, d. 12 Aug. 1859 ; and by w. Marietta, a daughter, b. 18 Sep. 1863, d. 18
Oct 1863; Funny Louisa, b. 10 June 1865; Emma Jane, b. 6 Sep. 1867.
Amory B. the f. res. at Gilbertville; rem. to Thetford, Vt., but soon re
turned. Sylvia, m. Henry Arnold, pub. 17 Ap. 1791. Allen, m. Olive Sampson
1 Jan. 1795. Grati,\, m. Israel Thomas, pub. 22 Jan. 1827.
Cobleigh, Jonathan (otherwise written Coble, Cobley, Cobleich, and
Cobling), prob. the same who was in Concord 1737, by w. Elizabeth, had in
Hk. Reuben, b. 6 July 1743; Jonathan, bap. 21 Sep. 1746; John, bap. 1 July
1753. Jonathan tbe f. was a cordwainer, and res. in that part of the town
which is now included in New Braintree.
2. Eleazar, prob. brother of Jonathan (1), by w. Phebe, had Bathsheba,
bap. 12 June 1743 ; Dan,bap. 9 Feb. 1745-6; Hannah, bap. 21 Sep. 1746. It
is not unlikely that Simon, b. 18 Aug. 1741, was son of the same parents,
though their names are recorded " Eleazar and Phebe Ablich."
Oliver, aged 23, was a soldier in the French War, 1758.
Collins, Gamaliel, m. Rachel Rich, and had Jonah Stevens, b.  ;
Rachel, b.  , m. Elisha Newcomb of Gr. 23 Feb. 1 790 ; Gamaliel, b. 20 Feb.
1776; Ebenezer, b. 2 Mar. 1777; Jerusha, b. 5 Aug. 1778, m. Judah Marsh of
AA^are 20 Feb. 1800; Priscilla, b. 24 Ap. 1780, m. John Wicker 15 Nov. 1803;
Aquilla, b. 29 >Ian. 1782 (it is understood by sorae members of the family that
he never married; but the town records show that a person of the same name,
and apparently the same individual, married Mary Smith of Gr. 18 Oct. 1807) ;
James, b. 1 Sep. 1785. Gamaliel the f. was born at Truro, was a ship
master, and the "first adventurer in whale fisheries at Falkland Islands." ^
He rem. his family, about the commencement of the Revolutionary War, to the
southwesterly part of Hk., a few rods northerly from the place marked " Mr.
Collins " on the R. Map. He d. at Plymouth, apparently on his return from a
voyage, as in his will, dated 27 Mar. 1786 and proved 13 June 1786, he men
tions araong his children the youngest son (b. in the previous September),
" that was not named when I left home." Capt. Collins was evidently a man
of mark; he was a member of the Committee of Correspondence in 1776, and
selectman in 1778.
2. Gamaliel, s. of Gamaliel (1), m. Patty GUbert 21 June 1798; she d. 21
Aug. 1804, a. 28, and he m. Betsey BUlings 29 Nov. 1804; she d. 10 Dec. 1805,
a. 30, and he m. Ann Snow* of Truro. His chil. were Jonathan, b.  , d. 3
Mar. 1831, a.> 31 (leaving a dau. Mary Ann, who d. 10 Mar. 1831, a. 6 months) ;
Fanny, h.  , m. Foster Newcomb of Ware 18 Feb. 1819, and d. 19 Nov.
1878; William Gilbert, b.  , a soldier in the Mexican War, and all further
trace of him lost; Gamaliel, b.  1809, a lawyer, res. in Palmer, m. Martha
Smith 13 Oct. 1834, and d. 8 Nov. 1869, a. 60; Betsey B., b.  , in. Daniel
W. Hooker of Rut 20 Sep. 1831; Mary Ann, b.  1811, d. 2 Oct. 1825, a.
14; Daniel S., b. 28 Dec. 1812; Martha G., b.  , ra. Charles Whitney of
Watertown 29 Dec. 1840; Anthony S., b.  , m. Mary E.  , and had dau.
1 Newcomb Genealogy, p. 381. extraordinary age of one hundred and ten
2 The descendants have a tradition that years.
the mother of this Ann Snow attained the
23

354 COLLINS — COOPER.
Mary Emily, b. 12 Ap. 1849. Gamaliel the f. was a farmer, res. on the
homestead, and d. 28 Sep. 1825; his w. Ann d. at Wat. 24 Feb. 1861, a. 81.
3. EBENEzer, s. of Gamaliel (1), m. Polly, dau. of Timothy Gilbert, pub.
28 Sep. 1800, and had .Julia Ann, b.  , m. Adonijah Dennis, Jr., 11 Sep.
1827; Ebenezer, b.  , d. in Iowa; Lemuel G., b.  , d. in Iowa; El
bridge ; Timothy, res. in Iowa.
4. Daniel S., s. of Gamaliel (2), ra. Thirza Chaffee of Pal., pub. 11 Aug.
1840, and had Mary Ann G., b.  , d. 29 Ap. 1860, a. 17; Fanny Maria, b.
9 Ap. 1845, m. Oscar S. Southworth, 15 Ap. 1869; Daniel C, b. 6 Ap. 1847,
ra. Eva J. Knight of Ware 18 Oct 1871 ; Francis C, b.  , d. unm. 15
Nov. 1873, a. 25. Daniel S. the f., a farraer, res. near the homestead.
Abiel, m. AVilliara Thomas, 23 Sep. 1765. Polly, m. Thomas Boyd of
Shelburne 26 May 1816. Charles, d. 2 Jan. 1830, a. 78. John, m. Mrs.
Johanna Highland 3 Aug. 1871.
Conant, Timothy, s. of Lot, and a descendant from Roger, the governor
of the first plantation at Cape Ann, was b. at Bridgewater in 1732, ra. Hannah
Blackman in 1754, and had, at Bridgewater, James, b. 1755 ; Luther, b. 1758 ;
Susanna, b. 1760; Lucy,b. 1762; Deborah, h. 1764; Timothy, b. 20 Feb.
1770; and at Oakham, Sylvanus, b. 23 Ap. 1773; Abigail and Sarah, twins,
b. 26 Oct 1774; Hannah, h. 4 Mar. 1777. The births of the five chUdren last
named are entered on the Hk. records, indicating that the family rem. to this
place. 2. Abner, s. of Thomas, another descendant from the famous Roger, was
born at Bridgewater in 1746, but spent a large portion of his life in Hk. He
was a bachelor and a cordwainer. For several years he boarded in the family
of Timothy Paige, Esq., plying his trade in a shop fitted up for his use. He
d. 29 Oct. 1807, a. 61; but my memory of his kindness to me in my childhood
is yet green.
Conkey, Nehemiah, prob. s. of James and grandson of Alexander, named
below, ra. Marietta Lincoln 28 Nov. 1844, and had James Burt, h. 4 Sep. 1845;
Mary Louisa, b. 27 July 1847, m. Lauriston Giffin of Barre 9 Ap. 186 7; Julia
Elizabeth, b. 17 Dec. 1851; George Lincoln, b. 6 June 1854, d. 17 May 1857;
Frederick Lincoln, b. 24 Aug. 1857, d. 20 Ap. 1868; Willard Alanson, h. 5
Ap. 1861; Frank Nehemiah, b. 15 May 1863; Frances Maria, b. 7 Mar. 1866.
2. James Burt, s. of Nehemiah (1), ra. Charlotte Foster of Ware 1 Mar.
1870, and had Louis Nehemiah, b. 6 Dec. 1870; Annie Louise, b. 8 Ap. 1872,
d. 12 Feb. 1878; Harold E., b. 29 Sep. 1878.
Alexander, a Revolutionary pensioner, b. in Pelhara, d. 17 Jan. 1847, a.
93. James, d. 15 Mar. 1842, a. 65; Elizabeth, w. of James, d. 11 July
1859, a. 77. Elizabeth, dau. of Janies and Elizabeth, m. Frederick A.
Cobb 11 Dec. 1845.
Convers, Benjamin (otherwise written Converse), by w. Hannah, had
Asa Wright, bap. 18 Mar. 1781; Royal, bap. 12 May 1782; an elder son
Royal, d. 5 Feb. 1781, a. 4. His w. Hannah d. 25 July 1785, a. 34, and he
m. Esther Grosvener of Windsor, pub. 17 May 1786. Benjamin the f.,
then of Windsor, bought the estate of Thomas Robinson, at and near the Old
Furnace, 19 Oct. 1780 (for twenty thousand pounds in the depreciated cur
rency of that period), and probably rem. immediately to Hk. He was licensed
as a retailer in 1781 and 1782, and for a few years seems to have been pros
perous. But in the troublous time which foUowed, he became an active mili
tary partisan of Shays, appearing as adjutant at Worcester on the 6th of Sep
tember 1786; and on the collapse of the Rebellion found it necessary to
abscond in order to avoid arrest. His subsequent history is unknown to me.
2. Daniel J., m. Sabrina Brown, pub. 23 Jan. 1826. Their only chUd
whose name appears on the record of births was Emily Elvira, b. 13 Sep.
1843. Daniel J. the f. d. 16 May 1852, a. 49. ^ > r
Sarah, d. 10 Ap. 1845, a. 19.
Cook, John, by w.  , had Esther, bap. 29 Oct 1764 ; Lucy, bap. 5 Ap.
1767. Cooper, John, m. Mary Sherman of Grafton 15 Mar. 1748-9, and had

COOPER — CROWELL. 355
Sarah, b. 18 Feb. 1749-50, d. 8 Jan. 1767; Nathaniel, b. 8 Nov. 1751 ; Mary,
b. 20 July 1753; John, b. 15 June 1755; Joel, h. 13 Ap. 1757; Huldah, b. 1
May 1759 ; Sherman, b. 3 Ap. 1761; Matilda, h. 16 Ap. 1762; Barnabas, b.
28 July 1764; Chloe, b. 20 Dec. 1766. John, the f. was prob. s. of Samuel,
¦who rem. from Camiaridge to Grafton in the sumraer of 1730, and was elected
deacon 21 Jan. 1732; if so, he was bap. 7 Mar. 1724-5, and was grandson of
Deacon Samuel Cooper, and great-grandson of Deacon John Cooper, both of
Carabridge. See Hist. Cambridge, pp. 516, 517. AVhUe residing in Grafton,
30 July 1746, he bought 100 acres of land in Hk.,-and was admitted to the
church here on the first day of the succeeding March. He was elected dea
con before 9 July 1751, when his name appears with that title on the church
record ; very probably the election soon followed the resignation of Deacon
Paige and Deacon Robinson in 1749. He was selectman one year, assessor
ten years, town clerk five jears, and frequently school-teacher between 1751
and 1766. He prob. rem. or died in 1769, as in March of that year he was
elected town clerk and assessor, and in the following May a successor in each
office was elected ; also the office of deacon in the church was filled by the
election of Capt. AVilUam Paige (son of the former Deac. Paige) 9 Nov. 1769.
Covell, Royal, ra. Emeline Goss, of Winchester, N. H. , 9 Aug. 1853.
Harriet E. C., m. John J. Johnson 11 Mar. 1852.
Cox, Ebenezer, by w. Elizabeth, had Anna, b.  , m. Nathan Carpen
ter 15 Mar. 1773; (prob.) Sally, b.  1759, d. unm. 2 Sep. 1808, a. 49 ;
Jemima, b. 10 Nov. 1761, ra. Noah Hatch 4 Feb. 1783 ; Thankful, b. 27 Aug.
1763; John Davenport, b. 24 Mar. 1765; Hannah, b. 2 Ap. 1767, m. Eliakim
Fay of Barnard 5 Sep. 1790; Elizabeth, bap. 15 May 1768. Ebenezer the
f. was born in Dorchester, rera. early to Wrentham, and thence to Hk. about
1760; he res. on a road leading from the turnpike to Ruggles HUl, at a place
marked " L. Burgess " on the R. Map. He was a distinguished officer during
the French War; his name is borne on the Muster Rolls as a lieutenant in
1757, and captain from 1758 to 1762. He d. 2 Mar. 1768, a. 41, and his pa
triotism, valor, and good conduct are commemorated on his head-stone, which
reraains standing in the old cemetery.
2. Benjamin, prob. brother of Ebenezer (1), by w. Jerusha, had George, b.
1 Julv 1762; Jerusha, b. 16 Feb. 1764, m. Holland Blackmer in Barnard 7
Nov. 1782; Benjamin, b. 13 Aug. 1766; Ebenezer, b. 28 Nov. 1768; Philena,
b. 1 June 1771, m. Josiah Newton of Hk., pub. 29 Nov. 1792; Charles, b.
18 Oct. 1773 ; Lucinda, b. 7 Sep. 1776 (as recorded in Hk., or 26 Jan. 1776,
according to the Barnard record); and in Barnard, Thomas, b. 20 Aug. 1778;
Fanny, b. 30 Nov. 1783. Benjamin the f. also rem. frora Wrentham to Hk.
about 1760, and was actively engaged in the French War; his name is en
rolled as a private in the corapany of Capt. Ebenezer Cox in 1758, as sergeant
in 1759, and as ensign in 1760. He rem. to Barnard, Vt, about 1777, where
he was one of the most active citizens, a captain of railitia during tbe Revo
lutionary War, assessor, justice of the peace, and representative. He d. 25
Sep. 1788, a. 48.
3. John Davenport, s. of Ebenezer (1), m. Anna Powers of Brimfield,
pub. 17 July 1786, and had Stephen, b.  1789, d. 2 Ap. 1791, a. 2 ; Eben
ezer, b. — May 1791, d. at Wore. 14 Dec. 1863, a. 72; Pamela; and Maria ;
perhaps one of the dau. was b. before Stephen. John D. the f. d. 26 Ap. 1795;
his w. Anna survived.
Elizabeth, perhaps dau. of Benjamin (2), and b. at Wrentham, m. James
Byram 8 Feb. 1781, and rem. to Barnard about 1786.
Crowell, Joshua, ra. Mary Shiverick at Falraouth 5 Dec. 1745, and had
Bathsheba, b. 25 May 1747, m. David Waite 23 Nov. 1769; Joshua, b. 8 Ap.
1749, ra. Mary Field of Brk. 12 Jan. 1775 ; Paul, b. 20 May 1751, res. in Brk.,
m. Jerusha  , and d. 28 Sep. 1830; Salvina, b. 17 Ap. 1753, ra. Nathaniel
Paio-e of Barnard, Vt, 1 Feb. 1781 ; Hannah, b. 14 July 1755, m. Jeduthun
Spooner 27 Ap. 1781; Thomas, b. 1 July 1757, d. 22 Jan. 1812; Mary, b. 10
June 1759, m. Isaac Davis 28 June 1789 ; Shiverick, b. 24 Mar. 1762, in. Su
sanna Aiken 15 Sep. 1785, at Barnard, and d. there 19 May 1826 ; Nathaniel,

356 CROWELL — CUMMINGS.
b. 4 Sep. 1764, d. unm. at Barnard 8 Aug. 1785 ; Joseph,b. 9 Oct. 1770. AU
these chil. except Joseph were b. and bap. at Falmouth. Joshua the f. rem.
to Hk. as early as 1769, and caused the births of his chil. to be entered on rec
ord. He was prob. a descendant of John Crowell (formerly written Crow
and Croel), who came to N. E. in 1635, " and was early in Yarmouth with w.
Elishua." He was a farmer and res. on the easterly road to GilbertviUe (with
his son-in-law Mr. Spooner), at the place raarked " Wid. Marsh " on the R.
Map. His Christian character was severely tested by domestic affliction. His
dau. Hannah (Mrs. Spooner) was insane for several years, and at length, on
the 27th of January.1807, destroyed the life of her aged mother by stealthily
approaching behind her chair, as she sat near the fire, and crushing her skull
with an axe. After this Mrs. Spooner was more closely watched ; but on the
1 6th of the following December she eluded the watchfulness of her keepers
and destroyed her own life by cutting her throat. Mr. Crowell's son Thomas
was also insane for many years; he was harraless and inoffensive, would sel
dora speak to any one, but would walk abroad in whatever weather, bare
headed and barefooted, and very thinly clad. I do not remember ever to have
seen him with a hat or overcoat. In an unusually cold night, 22 Jan. 1812,
he kindled a fire which consumed the house of his brother Joseph (who had
the care of him), and perished in the flames.^ The venerable father found
rest from his earthly labors and trials 11 Sep. 1813, a. 91 ; his w. Mary, as be
fore mentioned, met her tragical fate 27 Jan. 1807, a. 82.
2. Joseph, s. of Joshua (1), m. Perthenia Thomas 24 Oct. 1793^ and had
Paulina, b. 3 Dec. 1794, ra. Jesse Shaw 19 Dec. 1813; Adolphus, b. 3 Feb.
1797; Maria, b. 25 Mar. 1798; Erastus, b. 10 May 1799, m. Rebecca Both-
erel, pub. 10 Ap. 1820; Sophronia, b. 14 Ap. 1801 ; Jerusha, b. 16 Ap. 1803;
Harvey, b. 15 Dec. 1804 ; Pliny Thomas, bap. 16 Sep. 1810. Joseph the f.
was not insane, but was thriftless and imprudent in his habits. He res. on the
easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " Mr. Cobb " on the R. Map;
but several years after the destruction of his house by fire, as before related,
and the erection of a new one on the same spot, he rem. to Broome, N. Y.
Cummings, Jacob, by w. Ruth, had Nathan, bap. 25 July 1742, and no
more is known of him.
2. Isaac, by w. Susanna, had prob. Isaac; Olive, b. 11 Dec. 1755, m. Jo
seph Mixter of Terapleton 25 May 1777.
3. Isaac, prob. s. of Isaac (2), as he is styled Isaac, Jr.,.in the record of
his first marriage, m. Catherine Ramsdell 11 May 1774, and (2d) Lydia Wash
burn, pub. 4 Sep. 1785. His chU. were Catherine, b. 7 Nov. 1779, m. Amos
Larned of N. Sal. 1 Dec. 1803; Isaac, b. 6 Seji. 1784, m. Susanna Burden, pub.
12 Feb. 1809, and d. 4 Oct 1835; Joseph, b. 25 Nov. 1786; Lydia, b. 28 Ap.
1788; Zena,s,b. 12 July 1789; Noah, b. 5 May 1791, d. 17 Aug. 1847 (his
son Henry King, d. 27 July 1829, a. 3); Asa, b. 11 Feb. 1793 ; Polfy, b. 16 Ap.
1795, d. unm. 20 Nov. 1814 ; and perhaps Loruhamah, b.  1796, d. unm. 16
Oct 1814, a. 18. His w. Lydia d. 13 Oct 1814, a. 48.
4. Joseph, s. of Isaac (3), ra. Polly Sprout of Gr., pub. 19 Sep. 1812, and d. ^
23 Oct. 1814. Mary, who d. 8 Nov. 1814, a. about 2, was prob. his daughter.
5. Hosea, parentage not ascertained, m. Sarah, dau. of Marshall Johnson, 25
Feb. 1831, and had Balarah, b.  1837, d. 8 Ap. 1840, a. 2 years and 9 mos. ;
Edgar, b. 1842, a soldier in the Union Army, d. at New Berne, N. C, 14 Jan.
1863, a. 20; Theresa (or Theolotia) Louisa, b. 6 Jan. 1845, d. 18 Feb. 1847;
Almeda, b. 6 May 1856, d. 15 May 1872; and perhaps others. Hosea the f.
d. 31 May 1877, a. 69; his w. Sally, d. 5 Nov. 1873, a. 59.
1 Insanity appeared in the next genera- imperial commands by the sound of drum or
tion. Among others, David Crowell of Brk., fife, and enforcing them by waving his flag.
s. of Joshua, and grandson of Joshua (1), is Unlike his uncle Thomas, he was generally-
well remembered as "King David." Some- willing to converse with adults, and even
times on horseback, but generally on foot, with children ; but pressure of important
with drum and fife, a feather on his hat, aud business compelled him to grant only brief
a small flag whose staff rented in his side- audiences. The cares of his kingdom were
pocket, he traveled the streets of Brk. and so engrossing and oppressive that, as I re-
the adjoining towns, calling attention to his member, he was seldom seen to smile.

CUMMINGS — CUTLER, 357
6. William D., of Waterbury, Conn., ra. Mary Ann, dau. of Dwight Bill
ings, 18 Sep. 1855, and had Hattie G., b. 19 July 1858. He now res. in Con
necticut 7. Billings, m. Caroline Robinson, pub. 24 Dec. 1855; she d. 8 Sep. 1857,
a. 27, and he ra. Melissa Robinson, pub. 21 Dec. 1857; she d.  , and he m.
Mrs. Huldah King 22 Nov. 1859, who d. 10 Dec. 1868, a. 38. I find on record
the name of only one chUd, Herbert B., b. 12 May 1857.
8. Augustus H., m. Mary A. Pierce of AVare, pub. 13 Feb. 1871, and had
Freddie A., b.  , d. 6 July 1872.
Mrs. Hannah (b. in Stafford, Conn.), d. 4 Jan. 1862, a. 71. Azubah, m.
Nathaniel Sprout, Jr., 28 Dec. 1775. Fanny, m. John GUbert 26 May 1815.
Betsey, ra. Samuel Johnson 29 June 1829. Caroline R., m. Lauriston F.
Crawford of Oakham, 8 Oct 1829. Catherine R., m. Sumner Latham 22
Nov. 1831. Lucinda H., m. WUliam S. Barnes 24 May 1842. Luthera, ra.
George Betts of AVaterbury, Conn., 5 Nov. 1844. Angelina C, m. Jaraes W.
Sturtevant 27 Nov. 1850. I have no means to indicate the several farailies to
which these persons belonged.
Cutler, James (prob. s. of Thomas, who d. in Lexington 13 July 1722, a.
about 72, and grandson of James, who d. in Cambridge 17 May 1694, a. about
88), was bap. in Watertown 9 Jan. 1687, and by w. Alice had James, b. 13
Ap. 1715; William, b. 3 Ap. 1717; Thankful, bap. 24 Mar. 1719; Robert, b.
3 Ap. 1721 ; Alice, b. 27 Nov. 1729, m. Ephraim Jones, Jr., of Concord, 16
Nov. 1752. James tbe f. d. in Cambridge (Menotomy) 16 Sep. 1756 ; his w.
Alice d. 22 Sep. 1756, a. 67.
2. William, s. of James (1), was an innholder, at Menotomy, m. Elizabeth
Whittemore 15 Sep. 1743. She d. 29 Dec. 17''0, and he ra. Rebecca, wid. of
Thomas HaU, pub. 2 Jan. 1773. Of the first wife, the " Boston News Letter,"
dated Jan. 10, 1771, says "she was the mother of 36 children; but the 35"'
was the only one that survived to follow her to the grave." The survivor was
William, b. 23 Dec. 1 764, grad. H. C. 1 786, was a physician in Virginia, and
d. in Dinwiddle Co. 17 May 1836. The second wife had James, b. 12 May
1774, a printer in Boston ; Rebecca, b. — Jan. 1777, d. 6 Aug. 1778 ; Rebecca,
b. 22 Dec. 1779. William the f. d. 1 Ap. 1781. His w. Rebecca was Uving
in 1817.
3. Robert, s. of James (1), grad. H. C. 1741, was ordained at Epping,
N. H., in 1747, dismissed in 1755, installed at Greenwich, Mass., 13 Feb.
1760, where he d. 24 Feb. 1786, a. 65. He m. Hannah Crosby of Billerica;
she d. and he m. Elizabeth Fiske of Lexington 3 Sep. 1751. His chih were
Hannah, b. 22 July 1745, ra. John Haskell of Hardwick, and d. 4 Sep. 1831 ;
Millecent, b. 20 .Jan. 1747, ra. Denison Robinson of Hardwick, and d. at Wind
sor, Mass., 5 July 1798; Robert, h. 2 Oct. 1748, a physician in Amherst, m.
wid. Esther Guernsey, and d. 10 Mar. 1835; Prudence, b. 18 Feb. 1750, m.
Joshua Clark, and d. 17 Aug. 1782; Dudley, b. 1 July 1752, m. Lydia Howard,
and d. in 1838; William, b. 23 Dec. 1753; James, b. 24 Sep. 1756, d. 8 Oct.
1756 ; Elisabeth, b. 2 June 1758, d. 4 Nov. 1758; Ebenezer, b. 17 July 1759,
d. unm. 26 June 1839; James, b. 5 Sep. 1761, d. 27 Mar. 1768; Amos, b. 11
Oct. 1763, d. 15 Ap. 1764; Elizabeth, b. 2 May 1766, m. Benjamin Harwood,
and d. in Nov. 1849 ; Alice, b. 23 Nov. 1768, m. Jairus Howard, and d. 29 June
1811; Samuel, b. 16 Ap. 1771, d. 7 May 1771; James, b. 23 May 1772, d. 3
Oct 1773.
4. William, s. of Robert (3), m. Rebecca, dau. of Joseph Cutler of Western
(now Warren) and had William, b. about 1782, d. unm. 18 Feb. 1811, a. 28;
Rebecca, h. about 1788, m. Col. Samuel Billings 9 Sep. 1811, d. at Greenfield
30 July 1864, a. 76; Harriet, b. about 1790, m. Nathan Ruggles of Hartford,
Conn., 23 Ap. 1813, and d. 1878; Samuel Fiske, h.  1792; Elbridge, h.
about 1795, m. Huldah, dau. of David Paige, 20 Sep. 1817, had dau. Rebecca
(who d. 4 Aug. 1820, a. 2), and other chil. whose names are not found on
record ; he was a merchant in company with his father and brother, res. at the
place marked " E. Cutler " on the R. Map, rem. to Hartford about 1835, and
d. there; Caroline, bap. 19 Aug. 1798, d. 18 Sep. 1798; an infant d. 8 Sep.

358 CUTLER— DANFORTH.
1803. William the f. was a physician for several years in Western, but rem.
to Hk. in 1795, retired from active practice, and established himself as an
apothecary and dealer in English and West India goods ; he was also post
master i and justice of the peace. He res. on the old Parsonage Lot, half a
mile north from the Common, at the place raarked " E. Cutler " on _the R.
Map, untU about 1810, when he erected the spacious mansion, on the easterly
part of the same farm, marked " S. F. Cutler." He d. 9 Feb. 1832, a. 78; his
w. Rebecca d.''27 Nov. 1820, a. 60.
5. Samuel Fiske, s. of WUliam (4), m. Luthera, dau. of Daniel Ruggles,
Esq., 24 May 1819; she d. 17 Aug. 1823, a. 25, and he m. Irene Cowles of
Amherst, pub. 24 Ap. 1825. His chU., b. in Hk., were Caroline, b. 14 May
1819, ra. Calvin C. Foster of Wore, and d. there; Luthera, b. 12 July 1823, d.
8 Mar. 1824; Luthera, b. 15 Jan. 1826, m. Ithamar F. Conkey of Amherst;
Samuel Porter, b. 11 Dec. 1829, d. young; and at Arab., William, b. about
1843, d. unra. at Boston 8 Oct. 1875, a. 32. Samuel Fiske the f. was a mer
chant in partnership with his father and brother, succeeded his father as post
master, was selectman five years, assessor two years, representative one year,
and justice of the peace. He res. on the easterly part of the homestead (his
brother having the westerly part), at the place marked " S. F. Cutler " on the
R. Map. After 1835 he rem. to Amherst, where he d. 9 Sep. 1863, a. 71; his
w. Irene d. 3 Oct 1876, a. 71.
6. David (s. of Thomas who was b. 15 Dec. 1677, grandson of James who
d. 31 July 1685, a. 50, and great-grandson of James who d. in Camb. 17 May
1694, a. about 88), was b. at Lexington 28 Aug. 1705, m. Mary, dau. of Joseph
Tidd, and had Abigail, b. 1 May, 1728, m. Sarauel Hodgman of Western (now
Warren) 7 May 1755; David, b. 15 July 1730, m. DorcaS Reed of Lex. and
rem. to Western ; Joseph, b. 31 May 1733; Isaac, b. — June 1736, d. — Jan.
1737; Mary, b. 12 Aug. 1738, ra. John Paige of Hk. 15 Sep. 1757 ; Solomon, b.
15 May 1740, m. Rebecca Paige of Bedford; Thomas, b. 5 May 1742, m. Abi
gail Reed of Western ; Elizabeth, b. 5 Aug. 1 745, m. Benjamin Moore of Lex.
3 May 1768; Amittai, b. 15 July 1748, m. Nathan Leonard of Hk. 26 Nov.
1766. David the f. res. at Lexington, was selectman three years, accumu
lated a large estate, and d. of small-pox 5 Dec. 1760; his w. Mary d. 25 May
179 7, a. 93.
7. Joseph, s. of David (6), " settled at Western (now Warren) about 1 755,
m. May 6, 1775, Rebecca Hoar of Lincoln, and (2d) Sep. 20 1759, Mary
Read of Western. Had Converse, and Joseph, a farmer, by his first wife;
Reuben, h. 1775, twin brother to Nathan, A. M., Esq. Also 6 daughters, hy
second wife." — Cutler Genealogy, p. 59. Reuben taught school in Hk. one or
more terms about the year 1800. One of the "six daughters" was Rebecca,
b. about 1760, m. Dr. William Cutler (4) before named, and d. 27 Nov. 1820,
a. 60.
8. Convers, s. of Joseph (7), ra. Eunice  (prob. Woodward); she d. 24
May 1821, a. 54, and he m. Mrs. Ruth Gorham of Barre, pub. 9 July 1824.
His chil. were Pamelia, b. ¦  -, m. David Trask of Leicester, pub: 21 July
1816; Convers Franklin, h. 22 Dec. 1791, d. unm. 16 May 1813 (styled Con
vers, .Jr., in the record of his death, and on his head-stone) ; Eunice Woodward,
b. 19 July 1794, ra. Reed Paige, at Barnard, Vt., 31 Mar. 1819, and d. s. p. at
Bakersfield, Vt., 3 Aug. 1871; Aaron Woodward, b. 26 Dec. 1797, d. unm. at
the almshouse, 26 Mar. 1865. Convers the f. was a physician, chiefly distin
guished for his skiU in obstetric cases and in managing chronic ailments ; he
was pftwerless where heroic treatraent was necessary. In April, 1796, then
residing in Wilbxaham, he bought the place marked "J. Gorham," about three
quarters of a raile northwesterly from the Common in Hk., where he spent the
remainder of his days. He d. suddenly 1 Nov. 1831, a. 76; his w. Ruth sur
vived. Danforth, Nicholas, res. in Cambridge as early as 1635, was selectman
and representative ; he d. in Ap. 1638 ; his w. Elizabeth d. in EnMand in 1629.
His chU. were Elizabeth, b. 1619, m. Andrew Belcher, and d. 26''OGt. 1680, a.
1 The first who held that ofiice in Hardwick.

DANFORTH — DAY. 359
61 (she was grandmother of Governor Jonathan Belcher) ; Thomas, b. 1622,
d. 5 Nov. 1699, a. 71, deputy governor of the Colony, for many years one of
the foreraost men in the government, and the acknowledged leader of the party
in opposition to arbitrary power; Anna, b. about 1624, m. Matthew Bridge,
and d. 2 Dee 1704 ; Samuel, b.  1626, grad. H. C. 1643, ordained pastor of
the church at Roxbury 24 Sep. 1650, and d. 19 Nov. 1674; Jonathan, b. 29
Feb. 1627-8.
2. Jonathan, s. of Nicholas (1), m. Elizabeth Poulter 22 Nov. 1654; she
d. 7 Oct. 1689, and he m. Esther, wid. of Josiah Convers of Woburn, and dau.
of Elder Richard Champney of Cambridge. He " was the first captain of Bil
lerica, was chosen representative in 1684, town clerk twenty years, and one of
the most eminent land surveyors of his time." Farmer. By his first wife he
had eleven chil., of whom the seventh was Samuel, b. 5 Feb. 1665-6. Jona
than the f. d. 7 Sep. 1712.
3. Samuel, s. of Jonathan (2), m. Hannah Crosby, 8 Jan. 1694-5, and had
seven chU., of whom the third was Samuel, b. 15 May 1701. Samuel the f.
d. 19 Ap. 1742.
4. Samuel, s. of Samuel (3), m. Elizabeth Hosley, and had James, b. 10
Jan. 1729-30; Isaac, b. 9 Jan. 1731-2; Samuel and Nicholas, twins, b. 8 Dec.
1734; Elizabeth, b. 10 May 1736 ; Jonathan, b. 26 Feb. 1741-2. Samtstel the
f. d. 28 June 1750 ; his w. Elizabeth d. 3 July 1756.
5. J0NATH-4.N, s. of Samuel (4), m. in Hk. Susanna, dau. of Rev. David
White, 19 Ap. 1770 ; she d. 14 Nov. 1779, and he m. Anna,dau. of Joseph
Ruggles, 1 Oct. 1780. His chU. were Samuel, b. 9 Mar. 1771, res. at Rupert
and Pawlet, Vt., but d. at Ithaca, N. Y., 17 Dec. 1824, leaving son Charles, b.
23 Aug. 1800, grad. W. C. 1826, a clergyman, chiefly engaged as a missionary
in the Western States, d. at Oberlin, O., in 1867; Jonathan, b. 25 Feb. 1773,
d. unm. 3 Ap. 1797; David White, b. 10 Nov. 1774, d. 16 Dee 1774; Pamela,
b. 8 Nov. 1777, d. unm. at Rupert, 16 Dec. 1802; Susanna W., b. 28 Dec. 1781,
m. Capt Moses Gray of Pres. 22 May 1828; Joseph Ruggles, b. 20 Mar. 1784,
d. unm. 23 Ap. 1803; Hannah, b. 8 June 1786, d. unra. 13 June 1811; Lyman,
h. 22 Oct 1788, rem. to Pownall, Vt; Ann R., h. 2 Mar. 1791, d. unm. 29
Nov. 1873 ; Cyrus, b. 29 Sep. 1793; James, b.  , was major of militia, m.
Nancy R. Smith of Barre, pub. 11 Sep. 1830, and about that time rem. from
Hk. Jonathan the f., in early life, was a merchant, or keeper of a country
store in Hk., and incurred public disapprobation by dealing in tea while it
was contraband in 1776. After his second raarriage he res. less than half a
mile south of the Coramon, at the place marked " O. Trow " on the R. Map,
which was the homestead of Mrs. Danforth's father. During the Revolution
he was regarded as a Tory, and was subjected to confinement, which he re
sented and expressed his opinions in language more forcible than elegant. The
breach was afterwards healed, however; he dwelt araong his townsmen in
peace, and served them as selectman, assessor, and collector of taxes. He d.
15 Sep. 1833, a. 90; his w. Anna d. 4 Mar. 1824, a. 69.
4. Cyrus, s. of Jonathan (3), m. Hannah P., dau. of John Jenney, 16
Mar. 1817, and had Joseph R., b. 19 July 1818, res. in Worcester and d. 4
Sep. 1880; Hannah, h. 19 Jan. 1821, m. WatervUle (or Walter) Sibley of
Brk. 29 Mar. 1843; Mary R., b. 16 Jan. 1823, m. Chester Hubbard of Temple-
ton, pub. 3 Feb. 1844 (they rem. to Keokuk, Iowa, where he d. 29 June
1861, a. 45, and his monument stands near the northerly gate of the new
cemetery in Hk.) ; George E., b. 3 Feb. 1825, rem. to California; Pamela W.,
h. 15 Sep. 1827, m. Benjamin F. Paige 31 Dec. 1848. Mrs. Danforth m. (2d)
Clark Stone of Enf, 30 Sep. 1858, and d. 31 Oct 1873, a. 73.
Davenport, John, by w. Martha, had Ruth Jamerson,b. 15 Oct 1845; Lu
nette Rowena, b. 12 June, 1852.
Day, Israel, had Jacob, bap. 29 Mar. 1 752.
2. Warren, of N. Sal., m. Lucinda Robinson, pub. 7 Nov. 1829, and had
in Hk. Maria, b. 17 Sep. 1830; Hannah, b. 7 Aug. 1832.
Dilly, m. Aaron Nazro, 21 Mar. 1808. Rufus, of N. Sal., m. Fanny Dex
ter 22 Nov. 1830.

360 DEAN.
Dean, AValter, at Dorchester 1636, and at Taunton 1640, m. Eleanor,
dau. of Richard Strong of Taunton, England, and had Joseph, Ezra, Benjamin,
and three chil. whose names do not appear. He is said to have come from
Chard, Eng., and was a tanner; he was deputy or representative 1640, and
'selectman 1679-1686. He and his wife were both living in 1693, affording an
example of that longevity which distinguished so many of their descendants.
2. Ezra, s. of Walter (1), m. Bethia, dau. of Samuel Edson of Bridge-
water, 17 Dec. 1676, and had Bethia, b. 14 Oct. 1677, d. 27 Nov. 1779 ; Ezra
b. 14 Oct. 1680, had sixteen chU., of whom thirteen attained the age of 80
years and upwards (and of this extraordinary nuraber, seven reached the age
of 90, and one completed a full century) ; Samuel, b. 11 Ap. 1681, d. 16 Feb.
1683; Seth, b. 3 June 1683; Margaret, b.  , m.  Shaiv; Ephraim, b.
 . Ezra the f. d. about 1732.
3. Seth, s. of Ezra (2), res. in Taunton, and had Ichabod, Jacob, Edward,
Paul, Silas, and Sarah.
4. Paul, s. of Seth (3), m. Mary, dau. of Nathaniel Wliitcomb, 4 Dec.
1745, and iraraediately rera. frora Taunton to Hk., where he had Paul, b. 20
Oct. 1746; Rosilla, b. 13 Ap. 1751, m.  Cheedle of Barnard, Vt.; Anna, b.
24 Mar. 1753, ra. Edward Ruggles, Jr., pub. 12 Jan. 1772, and (2d) John
Amidon 14 Dec. 1809, and d. 9 -Jan. 1842; Seth, b. 3 Oct. 1755; Robert, h. 20
Oct 1757; Sarah, h. 4 Feb. 1759; Molly, b. 26 Feb. 1762 ; Asa, b. 19 June
1764 ; Nathaniel and Phebe, twins, posthumous, b. 11 Ap. 1767. Paul the f.
was a carpenter and farmer; he res. on Ruggles Hill, at the place raarked " J.
Dean " on the R. Map; he d. before 8 Ap. 1767, when the inventory of his es
tate was presented ; his w. Mary with remarkable energy kept her numerous
brood of chil. together until they could provide for themselves; she ra. Deac.
Daniel Spooner of Pet. 16 Oct 1780, and after his death ret. to Hk. where
she d. 9 May 1822, a. 94 years and 7 raonths.
5. Silas, s. of Seth (3), bought a farm here 29 Sep. 1740 (then res. in
Rehoboth); he m. Joanna, dau. of Robert Whitcomb of Rochester 13 Sep.
1744 ; she d. about 1764, and he ra. Elizabeth RamsdeU of Gr. 30 Nov. 1768.
His chil. were Thankful, b. 18 June 1745; Phebe, b. 14 July 1748; Mary. b.
20 Oct 1750; Joanna, b. 18 Jan. 1753, m. Tiraothy Nichols, 13 Jan. 1774;
Silas, b. 6 May 1755, ra. Azubah Washburn of Stafford, pub. 23 Feb. 1783,
rem. from Hk. and is said to have d. in 1844; Lot, b. 9 Oct. 1757, rem. to
Ware, and d. about 1819; John, b. 30 Mar. 1761; Zimri, b. 1 May, 1763.
6. Paul, s. ot Paul (4), m. Elizabeth, dau. of Edward Ruggles, 19 Sep.
1773; she d. 21 Dee 1810, a. 58, and he m. Sila, dau. of David Aiken 8 Dec.
1811. His chiL were Joel, b. 27 Ap. 1774 ; Lucy, b. 16 May 1776, m. James
Bell of Hardwick, Vt., 1801 ; Edward, b. 1 Nov. 1778, a physician; Betsey, b.
26 Ap. 1781, d. unm. 15 July 1803 ; Paul, b. 5 Feb. 1783; Eunice, b. 17 Jan.
1785, d. unra. 2 Oct. 1811; John, b. 19 Mar. 1787; Joseph, b. 25 Jan. 1790;
Justus, b. 16 Feb. 1792, d. 25 Mar. 1804; Seth, b. 10 Mar. 1795 ; David Aiken,
b. 18 Oct. 1812. Paul the f. was a farmer, res. on the homestead, and d. 23
Sep. 1828; his w. SUa m. Nathaniel Fish of Pres. 30 Dec. 1835, and d. 7 Mar.
1844. 7. Seth, s. of Paul (4), rem. to Barnard, Vt, 1778, and there m. Molly
BickneU3 June 1782; she d. 9 Sep. 1802, a. 39, and he m. Ruth AAMght, 12
Mar. 1805. His chU. were Paul,b. 28 Mar. 1783, an eminent Universalist
clergyraan for raany years in Boston, afterwards affiliated with the Unitarians,
a steadfast friend and advocate through life of Freemasonry, and an officer in
raany of its highest grades, d. at Framingham 1 Oct. 1860; Amos, b. 5 Auw.
1784, d.  1802; Seth, b. 19 Feb. 1786, m. Patty French 25 Feb. 1813, and
d. 22 Ap. 1833 ; Asa, b. 26 Sep. 1787, and d. in Barnard 3 May 1861. Seth
the f. was a Revolutionary soldier, and closed his long and useful life at Bar
nard 22 Nov. 1851, a. 96; his w. Ruth d. 17 Mar. 1858, a. 92.
8. Robert, s. of Paul (4.), rem. to Barnard, Vt. , before 23 Dec. 1 784,
when he ra. Eunice, dau. of Daniel BiUings of Hk., and had in B. Daniel, b. 19
Feb. 1786, ra. Delphia, dau.. of EUakim Fay, had nine chUdren, rem." to
Bakersfield, Vt., where he d. 6 Feb. 1872; Asa, b. 7 Feb. 1788, d. in Bakers-

DEAN — DENNIS. 361
field 18 Jan. 1879; Myra, b. 23 Dec. 1789, m.  Newton, and d. in Barnard
30 Jan. 1861 ; Paul, b. 20 Aug. 1791, d. 30 Dee 1791 ; Eunice, b. 14 or 15
Dee 1793, m.  Parker, and is stiU Uving (1883) in Bakersfield ; Robert,b.
20 Jan. 1796, d. in Fairfield, Vt., 22 Mar. 1864 ; Polly, h. 4 Oct. 1797, m. 
Boutelle, and d. in Bakersfield since 1873 ; Paul, b. 26 Ap. 1800, d. in Cabot,'
Vt, 16 Oct 1880; Sarah, b. 11 Dec. 1801, m.  Reed, and d. in Burke,
N. Y., 12 Oct 1863 ; Timothy, h. 20 Dec. 1803, d. 28 Dee 1831 ; Betsey M.,
b. 31 Dec. 1806, m.  AVebster, and d. in Johnson, Vt., since 1873.
Robert the f. d. 28 Feb. 1828 ; his w. Eunice d. in Cabot — Mar. 1843, a.
nearly 80.
9. Nathaniel, s. of Paul (4), by w. Rhoda, had in Barnard Amos, b. 16
Jan. 1803 ; Mary, b. 30 Dec. 1804 ; Minerva, b. 17 June 1806. Nathaniel
the f. is said to have been living at Albany in 1850, at which date his son
Amos is styled a lawyer and historian, and another son, Nathaniel, is men
tioned. 10. John, s. of Paul (6), m. Mary Penniman, pub. 15 Sep. 1822, and had
Mary Elizabeth, b. 9 Oct. 1823, m. Joel D. MandeU 2 Ap. 1846, and d. 17 Ap.
1847 ; Edward, b. 19 Jan. 1826 ; Lucy Ann, b. 5 Mar. 1833, d. 22 May 1853 ;
Luthera, b. 4 Nov. 1834, d. 8 Sep. 1839. John the f. was a farraer, select
man five years, res. on the homestead, and d. 18 Ap. 1863; his w. Mary d. 23
Ap. 1859, a. 60.
11. David Aiken, s. of Paul (6), m. Fidelia F., dau. of James Browning,
22 June 1842, and had Charles Browning, b. 15 July 1846, d. unm. 17 June
1880. David A. the f. was a farmer, and d. 6 July 1848 ; his w. Fidelia F.
m. John B. Aiken 25 Feb. 1858.
12. Edward, s. of John (10), m. Luthera A., dau. of Daniel Wheeler, 19
June 1851, and had Mary Elizabeth, b. 6 Oct 1852, d. unm. 17 Sep. 1877;
William Edward, h. 12 Jan. 1854 ; John Adams, b. 31 Oct. 1856; Joseph, b.
27 Mar. 1859, d. 15 Sep. 1877; Adelia Jenney, b. 16 July 1861, d. 27 Mar.
1878; Anna Maria, b. 22 Aug. 1863. Edward the f. was assessor 1853,
memher of school committee four years, and rem. to Worcester after 1859; his
three chil. who d. in Wore were buried in Hardwick.
Kezia, m. Isaac Fay 22 Nov. 1 764. Lucy, widow of Stephen (b. at Rayn
hara), d. 11 Jan. 1851, a. 77.
Demmon, Edward, by w. Elizabeth, had Lydia, bap. 20 Aug. 1749; Mary,
bap. 3 Nov. 1751.
Dennis, Samuel, was a Baptist minister; he was born in Sutton, but re
moved to Petersham, where he preached several years ; from Pet. he rem. to
Barre, and soon afterwards to Hk., where he bought the Sears farra in 1777,
and died in 1784.' He had chU. Adonijah, b. 12 July, 1759 ; Patience, b.  ,
m. Thomas AVinchester 23 Dec. 1787; Samuel, b.  , m. Anna Cobb 3 May
1788; Polly, b.  , m. Roger Wing 24 May 1790; and perhaps others.
Samuel the f. was prob. of the Ipswich family, but I am unable to trace the
connection, step by step.
2. Adonijah, s. of Samuel (1), m. Eunice Sibley of N. Salera, pub. 1 May
1780, and had Royal, b.  1781; Samuel, b.  1784, ra. Cynthia Barrett
of Carlisle, and d. at Concord 21 Jan. 1864, a. 79; Lucy, b.  1786, m.
John Dexter 1 Dec. 1803, and d. 15 Dec. 1817, a. 31; Betsey, b. about 1788,
m. John P. Colburn of Fairhaven, Vt, 9 Mar. 1818; Polhj, b.  1791, d. 31
Jan. 1793, a. 1 year, 10 months; Adonijah, b.  1793, d. 13 Aug. 1803, a.
10; an infant b.  , d. 20 Ap. 1795; Eunice, b. 21 May 1796, d. unm. 9
Dec. 1874 ; Louis, b. 8 Feb. 1799, m. Lucy Henry of Boston, d. in Boston 8
Feb. 1860; Patience, b.  1801, m. Asa Clark 5 June 1823, d. 1 Oct 1868,
a. 67; Adonijah, b. 4 Oct 1803. Adonijah the f. was b. in Sutton, whence
he rem. with his father. He served in the Revolutionary Army, and was en
gaged in the Battle of Stillwater. He was a farmer, and inherited the home
stead near Barre, at the place marked " A. Dennis " on the II. Map, where he
d. 30 Sep. 1844, a. 85 ; his w. Eunice d. 15 Sep. 1842, a. 82.
3. Royal, s. of Adonijah (2), m. Sankey Watson, pub. 6 Oct 1802, and
1 For these facts and dates I am indebted to Samuel S. Denuis, Esq.

362 DENNIS — DEXTER.
had a chUd b. — July 1803, d. 29 Mar. 1805 ; Bowman W., b. 4 July 1805,
and d. in Byron, Mich.; William W., res. in Cambridge; Polly, m. William
Barker of Pontiac, Mich. ; Elizabeth, m. Stephen G. Hidden of Concord, 30
July 1838, and d. in 1869; George R., res. in FentonvUle, Mich.; James Y.,
res. in Rochester, N. Y.; Selah Gridley, res. in Hallowell, Me. (see Adams'
Hist. Fairhaven, Vt., 1870). Royal the f. rem. in 1807 to Fairhaven, Vt.,
and was captain of militia. In 1823 he rera. to Hartford, N. Y., where he d.
in 1830.
4. Adonijah, s. of Adonijah (2), m. Julia Ann, dau. of Ebenezer Collins,
11 Sep. 1827, and had John G., b. 5 Aug. 1828, a lawyer, d. 31 July 1858;
Samuel S., b. 18 Dec. 1829, d. 15 Nov. 1832; Samuel S., h. 12 Mar. 1833;
Ebenezer C, b. 26 July 1834; Julia Ann E., b. 6 Aug. 1839, m. S. WiUiams
Newcorab, 23 Ap. 1863; Louis H., b. 5 May 1841; Dahliette M., b. 9 June 1842,
m. WiUiara H. Tucker 30 Ap. 1867, and d. 12 Aug. 1874; Julius A., b. 1 Dec.
1844; Charles P., b. 18 Nov. 1846, d. 9 Ap. 1851; Frederick C, b. 8 Oct.
1848, m. Julia M. WUliams, pub. 29 June 1869. Adoni.tah the f. was a
farmer, selectman in 1855, res. on the homestead, and d. 24 Mar. 1881; his w.
Julia Ann d. 18 Feb. 1858, a. 51.
5. Samuel S., s. of Adonijah (4), m. Julia Maria, dau. of Sardius Sibley,
26 Nov. 1863, and had Jennie Maria, b. 9 Nov. 1867; Samuel S., b. 24 June
1877. Samuel S. the f., a farmer, res. on the homestead, representative in
1866, selectman from 1864 to the present time, and for many years member of
the school committee, overseer of the poor, and legal agent of the town.
6. Julius A., s. of Adonijah (4), ra. Elizabeth H., dau. of Albert E. Knight, 8
Oct 1868, and had Gracie Cornelia, b. 9 Sep. 1871, d. at Spencer 9 Jan. 1872;
Gracie Cornelia, b. at Spencer 1 Jan. 1873 ; Dahlietta Maria, b. here 11 Mar.
1875; Nellie Bruce, b. 13 June 1876; Jennie Powers, h. 25 Dec. 1877; Annie
Louise, twin, b. 20 Sep. 1879; her mate, a boy, d. on the day of his birth.
Mrs. Abigail, prob. mother of Samuel (1), d. 28 Dec. 1798, a. 90.
Dexter, Benjamin, of Rochester (son of William of Barnstable), who
rem. to Roch. and d. there 1694, and grandson of Thomas who came to
N. E. in 1630, res. at Lynn, Sandwich, and Barnstable, and d. in Boston
1677), was b. in Barn. — Feb. 1670, rem. to Roch. and had Noah, b. 26
Mar. 1697; James, b. 22 July 1698; Benjamin, b. 4 Mar. 1700; Sarah, h.
1 July 1702 ; Josiah, b. 12 Nov. 1704; Constant, b. 27 Nov. 1706 ; Samuel,
14 Dec. 1708 ; Ephraim, b. 27 May 1711 ; Daniel, h. 29 July, 1713 ; Joanna,
b. 12 Dee 1715 ; Seth, h. 3 Oct 1718.
2. Samuel, s. of Benjamin (1), ra. Mary Clark 18 May 1732, and had in
Roch. Joseph, b. 2 May 1733, res. in Hk. 1753, and in Athol 1761 ; Samuel,
b. 13 Oct 1734; prob. Ichabod, h.  1736; and in Hk. Job, h. 8 Mar.
1740-1; Mary, b. 11 July 1743 ; Sarah, b. 8 May 1745, m. Solomon John
son of Gr. 28 Dec. 1762 ; Benjamin, b. 17 Nov. 1747. Samuel the f. rem.
from Roch. to Hk. between 1734 and 1741, and prob. again rem. to Athol
betore 31 Jan. 1754.
3. Samuel, s. of Samuel (2), m. Thankful, dau. of Deac. John Freeman,
25 Nov. 1759 ; she d. 20 May 1811, a. 69, and he ra. Sibbelah (or Sybil), wid.
of Samuel Thurston, 26 Sep. 1811. His chil. were : Benjamin, b. 17 March
1760 ; Mary, h. 18 Jan. 1763, m. John Gorham 3 June 1784 ; Eleazar, b. 5
July 1765 ; Mercy, b. 16 July 1767, d. 14 iMar. 1774 ; Ichabod, h. 23 Ap.
1770, d. 5 Mar. 1774 ; Samuel, b. 9 May, 1773 ; Seth, b. 5 Mar. 1775 ; Jede
diah, bap. 26 Oct. 1777 ; Susanna, bap. 26 Sep. 1779 ; Thomas, bap. 19 May
1782 ; Jonathan, b. about 1786. Samuel the f. res. near Barre, at the place
marked "J. Richmond " on the R. Map, was one of the " minute men " who
marched from Hk. to Cambridge in 1775, and in January 1776 was captain ot
a company stationed at the "Roxbury Camp." He was afterwards involved
(politically) in the Shays Rebellion, but was forgiven. He d. 3 May 1824, a.
nearly 90 ; bis w. Sybil, who had previously to his death departed from him, d.
in N. Br. 13 July 1849, a. 100 years, according to the inscription on her head
stone in the new cemetery in Hk.
4. Ichabod, prob. s. ot Samuel (2), was a captain, and perhaps was the

DEXTER. 363
same who led a company from Athol to Cambridge in April 1775. If he res.
temporarily in Athol, he returned to Hk. before 1781, in which year and
also in 1782 and 1785 he was a selectman, and representative in 1782 and
1783. He was an active promoter of the Shays Rebellion in 1786, but after
wards made his peace with the government. He d. of apoplexy 13 Feb.
1797, a. 59 years, 7 months, and 19 days, as entered on the church record of
deaths ; his w. Abigail, d. 7 Ap. 1797, a. 54 years, 8 months, and 16 days. On
the settlement of his estate, 17 Ap. 1798, shares were allotted to seven chil.,
namely, Clark, who ra. Alice, dau. of Ezra Winslow, 16 Oct. 1796, and rera.
to Barnard, Vt. ; Miriam, who m. Asa Hedge 31 May 1780 ; Benjamin W.;
Lucy, who m. Moses Cheney of AVarwick 4 July, 1 782 ; Rhoda, who m.
Phineas Battle of Orange 7 Nov. 1793, and d. 9 Aug. 1845, a. 76 ; Lydia;
Betty. 5. Job, s. of Samuel (2), m. Mercy Hinkley 17 July 1766 ; she d. 28 July
1810, a. 66, and he ra. Mary Walker of Barre, pub. 1 Nov. 1811. His chil.
were : John, b. 3 Jan. 1769 ; Anna, b. 22 July 1770, m. Thomas Wheeler, Jr.,
3 June, 1790, and d. 20 Mar. 1804; Ruth, b. 20 Mar. 1773, m. David Allen, Jr.,
27 Ap. 1794, and d. 26 Mar. 1847 ; Ichabod, b. 19 Dec. 1775 ; Mercy, b. 28 Ap.
1777, d. unm. 24 'July 1801 ; Joseph, b. 1 Mar. 1779 ; Jonathan, bap. 9 Sep.
1781; Sally, b. 16 Oct 1783, m. Dr. EUiot' Beckwith, pub. 9 Nov. 1806, and
d. 18 July 1811 ; Zenas, b. 26 June, 1785 ; Alma, b. 27 May 1787, d. 7 Oct.
1 790. Job the f . was a farmer, and res. about a mile and a half northerly
frora the Coramon ; he was a lieutenant in the Revolutionary War, and re
tained the title through life. He served the town very acceptably as a select
man fifteen years, between 1789 and 1805. He d. 10 July 1827. His w.
Mary d. — Oct. 1824, a. 69.
6. Benjamin, s. of Samuel (3), m. Anna Mayo, of Rut 10 Oct 1784, and
had Judah, b.  1788, d. 31 Mar. 1790 ; prob. John Freeman, b.  ; and
perhaps others. Benjamin the f. d. 16 Aug. 1792.
7. Eleazar, s. of Samuel (3), ra. Abigail Dexter 8 Ap. 1784 ; she d.  ,
and he m. Charity Williams, pub. 18 June 1786. His chil. were : Abigail, b.
14 Mar. 1787, m. Martin Ruggles 27 Feb. 1816, and d. 5 July 1860 ; Bath
sheba Carver, b. 22 Feb. 1789, m. Silas Newton 2d, 21 June 1810, and d.
29 Sep. 1855 ; Alma, b.  1791, d. 26 Jan. 1803 ; Arathusa, b.  1793,
d. 18 Jan. 1803 ; Charity Williams, b. 5 Aug. 1795, m. Gardner Newton, pub.
17 Sep. 1827 ; Joseph Dean, b. 31 Aug. 1797 ; Seth, b.  1800, d. 2 Aug.
1803 ; Willard, b. 13 Sep. 1802 ; Arathusa, b. 7 Jan. 1805, m. John John
son 5 Oct. 1828 ; Thankful Freeman, bap. 1 Sep. 1811 ; Eleazar, h. 7 July
1813, a faraous musician and showman, res. in Reading, Vt. Eleazar the
f. d.  1813 ; his w. Charity d. 3 June 1838, a. 70.
8. Samuel, s. of Samuel (3), m. Sally, dau. of Jacob WiUiams, 15 Dec.
1796, and had Benjamin, b. 6 July 1798, d. 8 May 1816; Williams, b. 7 Ap.
1800; Alma, b. 11 Nov. 1804, m. Joseph Newcorab, pub. 11 Feb. 1828. Samuel
the f. res. on the homestead, was a captain of militia, selectman four years,
and d. 24 Mar. 1861, a. nearly 88 ; his w. Sally (b. at Middleborough) d.
10 Jan. 1867, a. 92.
9. Jedediah, s. of Samuel (3), m. Abigail Eager 29 Dec. 1798, and had
Jane, b.  1800, d. 20 Feb. 1802 ; Horace, b. 26 Nov. 1802, d. 22 Oct.
1826 ; Mam/, b. 11 June 1805, m. Milton Peck, pub. 13 Oct. 1823 ; Thirza bap.
18 Sep. 1808, d. 19 Feb. 1809; Elliot Beckwith,h.  1810, d. 27 Aug.
1813 ; Sally Beckwith, h. 6 May 1812, d. unm. 18 July 1830 ; Crighton, bap.
7 May 1816, d. same day; Samuel, bap. 24 Nov. 1817 ; Luthera Gorham,
bap. 27 Jan. 1820, m. Ebenezer P. Staples of Taunton 26 Ap. 1841. Jede
diah the f. d. 1 Jan. 1827 ; his w. AbigaU d. 23 Aug. 1828.
10. Jonathan, s. of Samuel (3), m. Roxana Dean of Raynham, pub.
29 June 1812, and had Cassandra, b. 1 Sep. 1813, m. Samuel F. Taylor 9 Ap.
1835 ; Jonathan, h. 23 Oct 1815 ; Benjamin, b. 28 Dec. 1187 ; Samuel B., b.
10 May 1825, d. 15 Feb. 1827; an infant b.  , d. —Oct 1827. Jonathan
the f. d. at Hubbardston 14 March 1866, a. 70 ; his w. Roxana d. 5 Sep. 1872.
11. John, s. of Job (5), m. Lucy Dennis 1 Dec. 1803 ; she d. 15 Dec.

364 DEXTER — DINSMORE.
1817, a. 31, and he m. Persis Gilbert 29 July 1821. His chU. were : Anna
Wheeler, b. 17 Oct 1804, m. Amos K. Smith ot WendeU 12 June 1826;
Foster Dennis, b. 19 July 1806, d. at N. Sal. 3 Mar. 1865 ; Fanny Beckwith,
h. 13 Feb. 1809, m. Rufus Day of N. Sal. 22 Nov. 1830; Job, b. 28 Nov.
1811, d. at Barre 1 Ap. 1849 ; Mercy Hinkley, b. 20 May 1815, m. David L.
Winslow of Barre 22 Mar. 1837, and d. 8 May 1847 ; Henry Walker, b. 22
Oct 1821; Horace, b. 26 Sep. 1825. John the f. was a farmer, res. on a
part of the homestead marked " J. Dexter " on the R. Map, and d. 7 May
1836. , ,
12. Ichabod, s. of Job (5), m. Sally Eager 6 May 1803 ; shed. 25 July
1821, a. 40, and he m. Alice Amidon 26 Mar. 1822. He had a child, d. 17 Ap.
1804, a. three weeks ; Zenas Hinkley, b. 9 May 1806 ; Harriet Jane, b. 15 Ap.
1810, d. unm. 26 Aug. 1835; Edward, b. 3 Nov. 1811 ; Philena, b. 23 May
1815, d. unm. 5 Sep. 1839; Hannah, b. 26 March 1823, m. Lysander Powers,
pub. 21 May 1842 ; Sally, b. 6 May 1825, m. James P. Fay 8 Ap. 1845 ; Ruth,
b. 30 May 1827, ra. Zenas D. Tinney of Newburg, Me., 6 Nov. 1856 ; John
Bangs, b. 30 July 1829 : his raother died while he was an infant, and he was
adopted by his uncle, Elijah Bangs ; in early life he was a clerk in several
stores, and rem. to Springfield, Missouri, of which city he was at one time
mayor ; he served in the Civil AVar as quartermaster, after which he was
postal agent, with headquarters, first at Portland, Oregon, and subsequently
at Springfield, Missouri. Ichabod the f. was a farmer and res. on a part of
the homestead, marked " Dea. Dexter " on the R. Map ; he was deacon of the
church, and d. 11 May 1851 ; his wife Alice d. 26 June 1830, a. 39.
13. Joseph, s. of Job (3), m. Sophia Hunt 13 July 1800, rera. to Westford,
Vt., had two chil., who d. in Hk. (names not recorded) ; one 6 Feb. 1803,
a. 2 years and 4 months, the other two days afterwards, a. 4 months.
14. John Freeman, prob. s. ot Benjamin (6), m. Comfort Haskell 14 Jan.
1812, had Mary Melisse, bap. 6 June 1813, and rem. to St Albans, Vt
15. Joseph Dean, s. of Eleazar (7), m. Olive Gould 15 Nov. 1818, and
had Joseph Dean, bap. 18 June 1820, m. Almeda Anderson 8 Mar. 1846 ;
Alma, bap. 14 Aug. 1821, d. 4 Feb. 1823 ; William Alfred, bap. 25 Sep. 1823 ;
Nancy M., b.  1825, m. Henry B. Gould 6 May 1847, and (2d) Joseph C.
Paige 2 Nov. 1865. Joseph D. the f. res. on the Pet. road, at the place
marked " D. Dexter " on the R. Map. In early life, a serious accident befell
him, while blasting rocks, resulting in the loss of one arm and of the sight of
both eyes. In utter darkness hiraselt, he became a successful showman to oth
ers, and secured a comfortable raaintenance for his family.
16. Williams, s. of Samuel (8), ra. Maria, dau. ot Israel Knowlton 3 June
1828, and had Samuel W., b.  , d. 18 Aug. 1830, a. 18 months; Lucy M.,
b.  , m. James B. Wiggin, and res. in Cambridge. Williams the f. d. 12
May 1836; his w. Maria res. in Cambridge.
17. Zenas H., s. of Ichabod (12), m. Sarah F. Penniman 19 May 1831;
she d. 9 Mar. 1837, and he m. Lucinda AVood, 28 Aug, 1837. His chil. were
Zenas H, b. 14 Ap. 1832; George Turell, b. 20 June 1833; Harriet J, b. 
1836, ra. Pliny Fisk Chandler 5 Mar. 1853, and d. at Warren 5 Ap. 1866, a.
30. Zenas H. the f. d. 11 Oct. 1851.
18. Edward, s. of Ichabod (12), ra. Louisa Powers 6 June 1842, and had
Charles E., b.  1843, d. at Springfield 29 July 1872, a. 29 ; Frederick,
b.  1845, d. 29 July 1854, a. 9; Albert H., b.  ; Clara L., b.  ; Wil
lie H., b.  . Edward the f. d. 24 Dec. 1862.
Abigail, m. Isaiah Deraraon of N. Sal., pub. 24 Dec. 1781. Anna, m. Jacob
GUbert of N. Br. 7 Oct 1794. Mercy, ra. Paul Ruggles, pub. 28 Nov. 1796.
Hannah, of Royalston, ra. Oren Utley, pub. 22 Sep. 1811. Amelia, ra. Mar
cus J. Marsh 29 June 1823. Mrs. Thankful, m. Levi Stevens 18 Oct. 1830.
Mrs. Lucinda, m. Z. F. Shumway 1 Oct. 1856.
Dickinson, Nathaniel, m. EUzabeth Fisk 1 Nov. 1764, and had Lydia, b.
20 Jan. 1765.
Dinsmore, John (otherwise written Densmore and Dunsmoor), ra. EUza
beth Amos 15 Ap. 1765, and had Amos, b. 4 Mar. 1766 ; Jolm, b. 9 Feb. 1769;
Eliphalet, b. 9 Ap. 1771; Triphosa, b. 29 July 1774; Susan, b. 20 Jan. 1777.

DINSMORE — DOTY. 865
Jane, of Ware, m. Theodorus Doty 30 May 1 759. Katherine, m. Enoch
Badcock of Voluntown, Conn., 15 Deo. 1763. Rachel, of Ware, d. here 27
Mar. 1814, a. 17.
Doane, David, by w. Lydia, had David, b. 19 Aug. 1752; Bethiah, b. 28
June 1754; Nathan, h. 15 Aug. 1756; Molly,b. 2 June 1759. David thef.
prob. came here frora Eastham, and perhaps rem. to Bennington about 1761.
He was a raember of the Separate Church.
Doolittle, Benjamin, s. ot John ot WaUingtord (who was b. 14 June
1655, and m. Mary, dau. of John Peck of New Haven, 13 Feb. 1682), and
grandson ot Abraham (who was b.  1619, of New Haven 1640, of Wal-
hngford 1670, and d. 11 Aug. 1690), was b. at WaUingford, Conn., 10 July
1695, grad. Y. C. 1716, first pastor of the church in Northfield 1718, m. Lydia,
dau. of Samuel Todd of New Haven, 14 Oct 1717, and d. 9 Jan. 1748-9. See
Hist. Northfield, p. 433.
2. Lucius, s. of Benjamin (1), b. 16 May 1718, m. Sarah, dau. of Dea. Sam
uel Sraith, and had Oliver, b. 3 Dec. 1746 ; Charles, b. 4 Sep. 1748; Benjamin,
b. 6 Nov. 1751, d. 16 Ap. 1762; Lydia, b. 25 Dec. 1753; Sarah, b. 25 Dee
1756, d. 20 Ap. 1773; Lucius, h. 11 Nov. 1761 ; Benjamin, h. 12 Jan. 1764 ;
Jesse, b. 2 Feb. 1766; Calvin,b. — July 1768; Adrastus, b. 10 Aug. 1771;
Sarah, b. 6 July 1773. Lucius the f. was an innholder in Northfield.
3. Charles, s. of Lucius (2), ra. Tabitha, dau. of Daniel Morton ot Whate-
ley, 3 Oct. 1771, but had no children. He was a physician in Hk. as early as
1771, and res. at the northerly end of the Common, in a house still standing,
marked " S. Hinkley" on the R. Map. To the sad disappointment of his
townsmen, who respected him as a man, and had full confidence in his skill as
a physician, he d. 12 June 1785, and a large head-stone, of a peculiar pattern,
marks the place of his burial in the old cemetery ; his w. Tabitha m. Samuel
Hinkley, pub. 27 May 1787, and d. 26 Deo. 1816, a. 69.
4. Lucius, s. of Lucius (2), m. Esther, dau. of Daniel Morton of Whateley, 12
May 1783, and had Esther, h.  1785, m. Jacob D. Rand 21 Oct 1813, and
d. 1 or 2 Sep. 1815, a. 30. Lucius the f. was also a physician, but very un
like his brother. After an unsuccessful practice in Hk., he rem. to Lyndon,
Vt., where he was res. in 1801 ; betore 1819, however, he returned to Hk. ut
terly bankrupt in fortune and fame. His long-continued habit of intemperance
had ruined him ; and he, who in early life was too proud to permit his daughter
to marry a mechanic,' was maintained by the town, for the last dozen years of
his life, as a pauper. He d. 1 Dee 1831.
Doty, Edward (s. of EUis by w. Eleanor, grandson of Joseph, Jr., and a
descendant from that Edward Doty who came in the Mayflower, 1620, and was
a party to the first duel fought by Enriishmen in N. E.), was b. in Rochester
7 May 1705, m. Mary Andrews 17 Nov. 1726, and had in Roch. Thomas, b.
25 Oct. 1727 ; Edward, b. 25 Aug. 1729; Zurishaddai, b. 19 Nov. 1731; John,
b. 7 Aug. 1734; Theodorus, b. 25 Dec. 1736 ; Betty, h. 14 Aug. 1739 ; Abigail,
b. 30 June 1741, m. Samuel Robinson, Jr., pub. 10 Ap. 1762; Eleanor, b. 22
Mar. 1743-4.
2. Zurishaddai, s. of Edward (1), m. Mary, dau. ot Jonathan Warner, 4
Dec. 1755, and had John, b. 12 Sep. 1756; Moses, b. 2 July 1758, m. Betsey
Webster 20 Sep. 1781 ; Ezra, b. 28 Sep. 1760; Ellis, b. 20 Oct 1762; Asa,h.
9 Sep. 1 765 ; Jonathan, b. 27 July 1767; Molly, b. 10 July 1769 ; Betsey, b. 23
May 1773; Horatio Gates, b. 28 Aug. 1779. Zurishaddai the f. (ordinarily
called Zu) was a blacksmith, whose shop stood near the southwest corner ot
the old burial-ground. He rem. from Rochester to Hk. betore his marriage,
and from Hk. to WUmington, Vt., before 1 Nov. 1 785, when he sold his shop
to his son John.
3. Theodorus, s. of Edward (1), m. Jane Dinsmore of Ware 30 May 1759.
He was a housewright, and resided in New Braintree 1 Aug. 1767.
4. John, s. of Zurishaddai (2), m. Mary, dau. of Paul Mandell, Esq., 19
1 Jacob D. Kand and Esther Doolittle enta, and they waited the event nearly
were published 12 Deo. 1801; but theirmar- twelve years.
riage at that time was prevented by her par-

366 DOTY — EASTMAN.
Sep. 1779, and had Chauncy, b. 16 Feb. 1781 ; Sukey,b. 14 Jan. 1783; PMlo-
theta, b. 28 Dec. 1784, m.  Peirce; Timothy, b. 26 July 1788; Patty Wood-
bridge, b. 26 Oct 1789, m. Abraham Wood at Westminster 16 Dec. 1836, and
d. 18 Dec. 1837 ; Lucia, b. 14 Feb. 1793, d. 17 Mar. 1803 ; Mary Warner, b.
26 Jan. 1797, m.  Wood. John the t. was a blacksmith, and res. several
years about half a mile eastward from the Common, at the place raarked " Mr.
Stimpson " on the R. Map; in 1791 he bought two and a quarter acres of land
and erected the house now standing near the Comraon, raarked " Mr. AVesson "
on the R. Map; this estate he sold 28 Mar. 1805, and rem. to Westrainster,
where he d. 27 Feb. 1830 ; his w. Mary d. 26 May 1841, a. 81.
5. Chauncy, s. of John (4), m. Isabella, dau. of Seth Hinkley, 4 Mar. 1804,
and had Henry, b. 25 June 1804. Chauncy the f. d. 2 Sep. 1804 ; his w. Isa-
beUa m. Josiah Stockwell, and d. at Vineland, N. J., 9 Aug. 1879, a. nearly
95. 6. Timothy, s. of John (4), m. Susan Cowee 3 Jan. 1833, and had Person,
b. 15 Oct. 1833. Timothy the f. res. at Westminster, and d. 9 Mar. 1835;
his w. Susan m. Milton Joslyn 6 July 1841.
Dow, Pliny, by w. Viah, had Martha S., b. about 1830, m. E. L. B. Wesson
8 Ap. 1853; William B., h. about 1837, m. Abby Root of Enf. 2 Sep. 1873;
prob. Pliny A. (or Augustus P.), b.  .
Doyle, Dennis, ra. JuUa Dunn, 9 Feb. 1868, and had Mary Ann, b. 4 Dec.
1868 ; Michael, b. 24 July 1870, d. 9 Mar. 1871; Catherine Elizabeth, b. 2 Jan.
1872. Eager, Ebenezer, by w.  , had Nancy, bap. 29 Sep. 1793 ; his w. d.
 , and he ra. Polly Brocklebank of Rindge, N. H., pub. 30 May 1801.
2. Paul, ra. Thankful Watson of N. Br., pub. 22 Oct 1797, his former w.
Joanna having d. 9 Feb. 1797, a. 48.
Abigail, m. Jedediah Dexter 29 Dec. 1 798. Sally, m. Ichabod Dexter
5 May 1805.
Earl, John (otherwise written Earle), m. Eunice, dau. of David Allen, 2
Oct 1785, and had Apollos, b.  1786, d. 9 June 1794, a. 8; Lucius, b. 
1788, d. 17 June 1794, a. 6; Arathusa, b.  1790, d. 9 Feb. 1792, a. 2;
Lewis, b. about 1793; an infant b.  , d. 10 Oct. 1795, a. eleven days; an
infant b.  , d. 20 Oct 1796; an infant b.  , d. 8 July 1798; Arathusa,
b.  1799, m. Bradford Spooner 30 Nov. 1821, d. 7 Ap. 1872, a. 72 years
and 9 months; Luke, b.  1802; John F., b.  1803, ra. Chloe Keith of
Ward, pub. 12 May 1828, d. at Gr. 8 Aug. 1860, a. nearly 57. John the f.
was a farmer, and devoted much attention to the breeding ot mules for the
Southern market; he res. on the old turnpike, a raile and a half northerly from
the Comraon, at the place marked " L. Earle " on the R. Map, and d. 17 Dec.
1832, a. 70; his w. Eunice d. 10 Sep. 1850, a. 85.
2. Jacob, b. in Berlin, m. Mary, dau. of Luther Burgess, 4 Oct. 1798, and
had Abigail, b. 18 June 1799 _; Ira, b. 28 Mar. 1801, a carpenter, res. in Leices
ter and Worcester, d. by accident 30 Ap. 1881; an infant b.  , d. 11 Aug.
1803, a. 1 month; Eliza, b. 29 May 1805, m. Henry Clinton 18 Ap. 1844;
Franklin, h. about 1808, d. 7 Jan. 1813, a. 5; Daniel, b.  1810, d. 13 Aug.
1813, a. 3; Apollos, h. 22 Aug. 1812; Benjamin Franklin, b. 7 Sep. 1814;
James Perkins, b. 23 Jan. 1817 ; Ralph, b. 10 Sep. 1819 ; Mary, h. 6 July 1823.
Jacob the f. was a wheelwright, res. on the turnpike, half a mile easterly from
the Common, at the place raarked " Mr. Stimpson " on the R. Map, and d. 23
Oct. 1843, a. 72; his w. Mary d. 24 May 1850, a. 70.
3. Luke, s. of John (1), m. Hannah B., dau. of Elijah Lane, 2 Feb. 1826,
and had Marietta, b. 23 June 1827 ; Harriet Elizabeth, b. 1 Jan. 1834. Luke
the f. was a farmer and captain of militia; he res. on the homestead several
years, but afterwards rem. to Greenwich, where he kept a tavern, and d. 12
Feb. 1865.
Eastman, Samuel, s. of Ebenezer, b. in Amherst 18 Mar. 1783, m. Sarah
Pynchon of Springfield, pub. 25 Nov. 1809, and had, in Hk., Harriet, b. 14
Nov. 1810, m. Simeon NeweU; Henry Lyman, b. 24 May 1S12 ; John Pynchon,
b. 20 Nov. 1813, d. 30 Oct 1822; Sarah, b. 11 Oct 1815; Lucia, b. 30 May

EASTMAN — ELLIS. 367
1817, a teacher, d. unm. in Springf. 22 May 1852; Charlotte, b. 15 July 1821,
d. unm. in Springf. 29 Mar. 1855; James Pynchon, b. 15 Oct. 1825. Samuel
the f. grad. D. C. 1802, commenced the practice of the law in Hk. in 1807, and
after his marriage res. near the Common, at the place marked " Mr. Tupper "
on the R. Map, now the res. ot Mr. E. L. B. AA'^esson. Besides a creditable per
formance of his professional duties, he rendered iraportant service to the town
as a jteacher of sacred music, and as the leader ot the choir in the public
sanctuary. He took a lively interest in the education of the young, and was
for many years a member of the School Committee.^ He was town clerk,
1809, selectman four years, 1813-1816, and senator in the General Court,
1819, 1820. The evening of his life was clouded, and was spent chiefly at
Springf. He d. at Amherst, while on a visit, 11 Ap. 1864; his w. Sarah d. at
Springf. Eddy, Ichabod, m. Lucy Cleveland, pub. 24 Dec. 1780. Martha, of
Shrewsbury, m. Dr. Zephaniah Jenney, 28 Nov. 1799.
Edson, Abijah, of Springf., m. Hannah, dau. ot Joseph Ruggles, 10 June
1762, and had Cushman, b. 11 Dee 1762, d. at Charleston, S. C., in 1797
(called "Colonel" in the notice of his death); Nathaniel, b. 1 Ap. 1765;
Susanna, b. 10 Mar. 1767; Timothy Alden, b. 7 or 17 Aug. 1769.
Egery, Daniel, of Dartmouth,_m. Mary Perry of Rochester 21 Nov. 1771;
she d. 16 Sep. 1795, a. 52, and he m. Martha  ot Taunton, who d. 15 Feb.
1826, a. 81. His chil., all prob. b. before he rem. to Hk., were Daniel; Sam
uel; Sarah, m. Samuel Steward of Barnard, Vt., 22 Oct. 1789; Bathsheba, m.
SUas Burbank of Royalton, Vt, 23 Jan. 1792; William; Thomas, b. about
1773; Nathan; Job, d. 10 Jan. 1796, a. 17 years and 9 raonths; Mary; Debo
rah, m. Stephen Putnam of Townsend 11 Jan. 1801. Daniel the f. was a
captain in the Revolutionary War, and an adherent of Shays in 1787. About
1777 he rem. frora Dart, to Hk., was selectman seven years, and d. 23 Oct.
1801, a. 67, or 69 as inscribed on his head-stone. In his will, dated 22 Oct.
1801, all the before-named chil., except Job, are mentioned.
2. Thomas, s. of Daniel (1), ra. Clarissa, dau. of Ebenezer Washburn, 28
Ap. 1796, and had Ebenezer Holiis, b. 22 Feb. 1798; William Alexis, h. 12 Ap.
1801, m. Susanna M.  , and d. at Boston 29 Sep. 1874 ; Dolly Washburn, b.
27 May 1803, m. Beals Thomas 11 Ap. 1824; Cyrus Washburn, b. 16 Ap. 1805;
Samuel Perry, b. 11 May 1807; Thomas Newhall, h. 10 Ap. 1809; Clarissa
Electa, b. — Nov. 1811, d. 12 Dec. 1812; Mary Perry, h. 14 Ap. 1813; Arte
mas Job, b. 4 Feb. 1815 ; Edwin R., b. 10 Sep. 1821. Thomas the f. was a
farmer and res. in the northerly part of the town, at or near the place marked
"Capt Whipple" on the R. Map. He was captain of raUitia, and a select
man three years. He d. at Dover, N. H., when on a journey, 12 Sep. 1827,
a. 54.
3. Ebenezer Hollis, b. of Thomas (2), m. Mary Johnson 26 Feb. 1828,
and had in Hk. Ruth Hathaway, b. 27 Feb. 1829; Marshall Johnson, b. 28 Feb.
1831; Emeline Slade, b. 9 Feb. 1833; Mary Lettice,b. 11 Feb. 1835, d. unm.
at Barre 29 Jan. 1873; Clarissa Washburn, b. at Barre  1845, where she
d. unm. 31 Jan. 1873, a. 27 years and 7 months; and perhaps others. Eben
ezer H. the f. rem. to Barre, and d. 2 Mar. 1878.
Eldredge, Daniel, m. Prudence, dau. of Capt Eleazar Warner, 10 Feb.
1767, and had Silas Warner, b. 4 Jan. 1768. He rem. to the State of New
York. Ellis, Seth, had w. Elizabeth and chil., John, b.  1 789 ; Elizabeth, b.
 1791, ra.  Fay, and d. 18 Nov. 1879, a. 88; David, b.  1795; and
perhaps others. Seth the f. d. 1 Nov. 1842, a. nearly 89; his w. Elizabeth
(b. at Bridgewater) d. 7 May 1858, a. 92.
2. John, s. of Seth (1), m. Lucy Burt 15 Ap. 1817; she d. 19 Sep. 1832, a.
42; and he m. Mercy E. Peckhara, pub. 4 May 1833; she d. 15 Feb. 1835, a.
35, and he m. Mrs. Sally Peeso of Enf., pub. 31 Oct 1835 ; she d.  and
^ 1 Personally, I remember with gratitude the loan of books, and advice in regard to
not only his words of encouragement in my their proper and advantageous use.
school-boy days, but his substantial aid iu

368 ELLIS — ELWELL.
he m. Lettice  , who d. ("accidental") 10 Ap. 1864, a. 62; he d. (appar
ently in consequence of the same "accident") 9 Ap. 1864, a. 75. No record
is found of chil., except one, not named, who d. 17 Mar. 1834, a. 6 months.
3. David, s. of Seth (1), m. Lucy  , who d. - — , and he m. Elizabeth
P. BiUings 19 Dec. 1849, who d. at Ware 30 May 1877. He had Mary Luthera,
b. 25 June 1844. David the f. d. at Ware 28 Mar. 1882.
4. Emory B., by w. Mary Ann, had Albert, b.  , 1842, d. 22 Sep. 1843;
Frederick E., b. 4 Jan. 1846, ra. Persis R. Putnara 30 June 1870 ; Franklin S.,
b. 6 Mar. 1848, d. 1 Oct 1849.
5. Abiathar P., m. Rebecca A. Rice of Ware, pub. 24 Feb. 1844 ; she d.
 , and he m. Mary P.  . His chU. were: Mary E., b.  1854, m. Jay
W. PoweU 14 Mar. 1873 ; Stella B., h.  1860, d. 25 June 1869 ; John H., h.
 1862, d. 22 May 1869 ; Emma E., h.  1867, d. 27 May 1869 ; Arwin P.,
b. 15 May 1874, d. 25 Oct 1874.
Gamaliel, ra. Jemima Nye 21 Feb. 1782. Betsey, m. Reuben Allen 24
Dec. 1812. Thomas, ra. Nabby Burt 11 Ap. 1820. Mary G., m. Claudius B.
Orcutt of Amh. 5 Nov. 1839. Ebenezer B., m. Mary W. Stiles of Rindge,
N. H., pub. 13 May 1841. Susan S., m. James H. Clements of Ware, pub.
24 Nov. 1847. Emery B., d. 13 June 1882, a. 77.
Ellsworth, John, b. at Pownall, Vt, m. Lucretia Thayer, pub. 31 May
1807, and had Sabrina, b. 14 Mar. 1808, m.  Andrews, and d. at Pet 24
Aug. 1871 ; Henry, b.  1813, m. Caroline Augusta, dau. of Jesse Paige, 2
Jun°e 1846, and d. at Barre 10 Oct 1865, a. 52; John T., b. about 1821;
Mai-y C, b. 17 Jan. 1825, m.  Jameson, and d. at Barre 11 June 1858;
Alexander, b. 27 Aug. 1827; Hannah Gardner, b. 17 Ap. 1830, d. 19 July 1833;
and perhaps others. John the t. rem. to Barre.
2. John T., s. of John (1), m. Hannah Maria, dau. of Moses Lawrence, Jr.,
1 May 1849, and had Emory Alexander, b. 3 Aug. 1852; John Emerson, b. 22
June 1854; Maria L., b. 5 Sep. 1856, d. 22 Dec. 1856. John T. the f. rem.
to Barre; his w. Hannah M. d. in chUd-bed 15 Sep. 1856, a. 27.
Elwell, Thomas, had w. Lucy, who d. 15 Jan. 1762, and he m. Elizabeth
Stratton, pub. 25 Ap. 1762. His chil. b. here were: John, bap. 8 Oct 1758;
Jonas, b. 16 July 1759 ; Mark, b. 2 Feb. 1763; Anna, b. 14 Aug. 1764, ra. Noah
Moody of S. Hadley 20 June 1787; David, b. 1 June 1766. Besides these,
Joshua, Moses, Thomas, Jabez, Abigail (deceased), w. of Moses Olmstead, and
Lucy Rice, deceased, are named in their father's wiU, dated 12 July 1790, and
proved 6 Feb. 1798. Thomas the f. was prob. of the Gloucester stock, bought
a farm in Hk. 2 May 1 758, prob. at or near the place on the west side of Muddy
Pond, raarked "Mr. ElweU" on the R. Map. He d. 27 Jan. 1798.
2. Jabez, m. Thankful Clark, 21 Dec. 1769, and had Jabez Pierce, b. 28
Feb. 1772; Asa, b. 28 May 1774; Amasa, b. 27 Jan. 1776 ; Stephen, h. 27 Jan.
1778. 3. Mark, s. of Thomas (1), m.  , and had Polly, b. 8 Ap. 1784; Lucy,
b. 22 Sep. 1785; Ruth, b. 16 Oct 1788, d. unm. at Barre, 11 Feb. 1871; Rox
ana, b. 26 May 1790. The two younger daughters were sorely afflicted by a
cutaneous disease, being covered with minute scales like those of a fish; yet
both lived to a good old age. Mark the f . prob. res. on part ot the homestead,
and d. before 12 July 1790.
4. David, s. ot Thomas (1), m. Eunice  , and had Betsey, b. 19 Jan.
1792, d. unm. 15 Aug. 1822; a child b.  , d. 29 Aug. 1793, a. 6 days;
Thomas, b. 24 Sep. 1794 ; Daoid (twin), b. 14 May 1797, accidentally killed
by the bursting ot a gun 17 Oct 1817; Noah (twin), b. 14 May 1797 ; Chester,
h. 29 Jan. 1802; Eunice M., b.  , m. Chauncy R. Shaw of Bel. 24 May
1831. David the f. prob. res. on part of the homestead. He d. 15 Dec. 1848,
a. 82; his w. Eunice d. 29 Dec. 1858, a. 91.
5. Thomas, s. of David (4), m. Susanna N., dau. ot Samuel L. Robinson,
25 Ap. 1819; she d. 15 or 16 Nov. 1822, a. 28, and he m. her sister, Adeline
Robinson, 19 Oct 1823; she d. 9 Dec. 1837, a. 34, and he m. Lucy Gilbert of
Brk., pub. 15 Feb. 1838. No record is found of children. He d. 27 Sep,
1840, and his w. Lucy m. Elijah Bangs, pub. 10 May 1845.

ELWELL — FARR. 369
6. Noah, s. ot David (4), m. Martha Berry 11 July 1819; she d. 15 Oct
1821, a. 22, and he m. Louisa BUss of Ludlow, pub. 20 Aug. 1822. No record
is found of the birth of his chil., but the following imperfect account is gath
ered from the records of marriages and deaths: Charlotte, b.  1823, d.
unm. 19 Aug. 1833, a. 10; Hannah M., b.  1824, m.  Willis, d. in
Ware 24 Aug. 1877, a. 54; Chester, b.  1828, d. 2 Nov. 1855, a. 27;
Lucy A., b.  1830, m. Charles E. Smith of AV. Brk. 25 Dec. 1850; Char
lotte F., b.  1834, d. unm. 16 Aug. 1851, a. 17; Henry B., b.  1836,
d. 6 Ap. 1859, a. 23 ; Albert H., b.  1839, d. 25 Ap. 1858, a. 19. Louisa
B. the raother d. 15 Nov. 1845, a. 45.
7. David (2d), m. Clara Paige Jenney 7 Sep. 1842, and had Chiron Jen
ney, b. 16 Jan. 1845 ; William Y., b. 30 Nov. 1846, d. 27 Nov. 1847.
Joshua, m. Abigail Jones of Killingly, Conn., 2 Oct 1765. Rebecca, m.
Jabez Pike 7 Mar. 1791. Stillman, m. Sophia Bartlett 28 Jan. 1821.
Emmons, Alonzo, ra. Abigail, dau. of Moses Lawrence, 3 Dec. 1838; she
d. 7 Mar. 1864, a. 64. Perhaps the two foUowing were their chil. : Marcus A., b.
 1840, a soldier, d. near Bethesda Church, 2 June 1864, a. 24; Edward
Robert, b. about 1842.
2. Edward Robert, .perhaps s. of Alonzo (1), m. Caroline J. Towne of
Gr. 30 Ap. 1863, and had Leora, b. 19 Jan. 1864; Marcus Edwin, h. 19 Sep.
1865; Charles Frederick, b. 4 Sep. 1867; Herbert Elmer, b. 18 Sep. 1869; Ma
bel Maria, b. 6 May 1871.
Lois, m. Andrew Powers 27 Oct 1740. Thomas, m. Sarah Wheeler 30
Ap. 1 741. Solomon, of Gr., ra. Mary Marsh 31 Jan. 1 754. Noah, of Gr., m.
Mary Farr 25 May 1758. Robert, ra. Annis Hair, pub. 8 Nov. 1790.
Estabrook, Benjamin (generally called " Brooks "), ra. AUce, widow of
Luther Burgess, 12 Oct 1787; she d. 3 May 1807, a. 57, and he m. Mrs.
Patty Howe of Rut., pub. 14 Jan. 181 7. His chih were Hannah, b. 14 Jan. 1 788,
d. unm. 24 May 1811 ; Arathusa, b. 25 Oct. 1789, m. David Whipple 1 Dec.
1836. Benj.^min the f. was a farmer, b. in Rutland 1750, res. on the old
turnpike, at the place marked " Mr. Browning " on the R. Map, and d. 14
Nov. 1828, a. 80, according to the town record, or 76, as inscribed on his
head-stone, — but both wrong, if date ot birth be correctly stated in Reed's
Hist. Rutland, p. 159.
Asa, m. Sally Hinds of Brk., pub. 1 Aug. 1801.
Evans, Laertes, m. Lydia Totman 2 June 1833; she d. 23 Oct 1838,
a. 25.
Fairbanks, Calvin, m. Jenny Ayers 24 June 1776, and had Patty, b. 11
Ap. 1777; Calvin, bap. 21 Feb. 1779, d. young; Calvin, bap. 23 Ap. 1780.
Calvin the f. rem. to Barnard, Vt.
Lyman (adult), bap. 25 June 1820. Mary, m. Joel Hagar 27 Ap. 1824.
Caroline, m. AVinthrop Jamerson, pub. 27 Mar. 1826.
Farr, Thomas, prob. from Stow or Littleton, rem. to Hk. before Sep.
1742, where his w. Elizabeth was admitted to the church, but no further trace
of him is found.
2. Thomas, Jr., prob. s. of Thomas (1) and w. Hannah, were adm. to
the church 19 Dec. 1742. Their chil. were : Ruhamah, bap. 19 Dee 1742;
Lydia, bap. 16 June 1745; Hannah, bap. 29 May 1748; Thomas, bap. 5 Nov.
1752; Samuel, bap. 1 June 1755. Thomas the f. res. near Gilbertville, his
farm being bounded on the east by Ware River.
3. Jonathan, prob. s. of Thomas (1), m. Mary, dau. of John Wells, 5 June
1751; she d.  , and he m. Mercy, prob. dau. of Thomas Winslow, 19 Jan.
1757. His chU. were : William, b. 5 Mar. 1752; Jonathan, bap. 14 Ap. 1754;
Joshua, h. 23 Sep. 1757; Amos, b. 9 Mar. 1759 ; Mary, b. 18 Oct 1760; Moses,
b. 18 May 1762; Mercy, bap. 1 Jan. 1764; Asahel, bap. 23 Mar. 1766. His
homestead, which he sold to Isaac Thomas 27 Ap. 1763, was bounded east on
Ware River, south on land of Thomas Farr, and west on the highway.
4. Jonathan, Jr., parentage not ascertained, m. Lucy, dau. of Deac.
James Fay, 27 Oct. 1763, and had Solomon, b. 3 Mar. 1764; Anna, b. 27 Jan.
24

370 FARR — FAY.
1766, d. unm. 31 July 1844, having been a pauper nearly or quite half a cen
tury. Kezia, ra. John WeUs 14 Dec. 1748. Mary, m. Noah Emmons of Gr. 25
May 1758. Thomas, m. Hannah Powers of Littleton, pub. 5 Aug. 1758.
Joshua, b. at Littleton, d. in the array, 1756, a. 21.
I Fassett, John (of Bedford in 1753), s. of Josiah, was b. at Billerica 1
Ap. 1720, bought a farra in Hk., near Barre, 7 Mar. 1753, and prob. took im
mediate possession; this estate he sold to Jonathan Nye, Jr., 30 Ap. 1762, de
scribing himself in the deed as ot Hk., but he had prob. rem. previously i to
Bennington, Vt., of which town he was one of the earliest and most energetic
inhabitants. He was prob. elected deacon of the Separate Church in Hk.; he
was also elected captain of the first miUtary company organized in Benning
ton, 1764. He was a representative in the first General Assembly in Vermont,
1778, and in the same year was elected judge of probate for Bennington Dis
trict. It is stated by Rev. Mr. Jennings, in his Memorials of a Century, that
he had nine children : Sarah (who m.Dr. Jonas Fay in Hk. 1 May 1760),
John, Jonathan, David, Nathan, Amos, Mary (who m. Hon. Jonathan Robin
son), Benjamin, and Hannah. Of these 1 find the birth of only two recorded
in Hk. ; Mary, b. 19 Nov. 1754 ; Benjamin, b. 21 Mar. 1757. John the f.
d. at Bennington, 12 Aug. 1794.
2. John, s. of John (1), rem. with his father to Bennington 1761, thence to
Arlington 1777, and again to Cambridge 1784, in all which towns he held a
conspicuous rank. " Few men were more constantly in public service than
John Fassett, Jr. He was lieutenant in AVarner's first regiment in 1775, and
captain in Warner's second in 1776. In 1777 he was one of the commission
ers of sequestration, and with Gov. Chittenden and Matthew Lyon successful
in subduing the Tories of Arlington. He was elected representative of Arling
ton in the General Asserably for 1778 and 1779, and for Cambridge in 1787,
1788, 1790, and 1791, though in 1779, 1787, 1788, 1790, and 1791 he was also
elected councillor. He served in each office portions of the time. He was a
member of the council in 1779 and until 1795 (with tbe exception of ,1786),
fifteen years. He was judge of the Superior Court from its organization in
1778 until 1786, eight years, and chief judge of Chittenden county court from
1787 untU 1794, seven years." ^
3. Jonathan, s. of John (1), rem. to Ben. with his father in 1761, and was
representative of that town in 1782; he also represented Pittsfbrd in the Gen
eral Asserably 1778.^ It is worthy of note that the father and two sons held
seats together in the first General Asserably of Vermont.
4. Amos, s. of John (1), rera. to Ben. with his father in 1761, and thence
to Cambridge in 1784; he "was assistant judge for several years."*
5. Benjamin, s. of John (1), rem. to Ben. with his father in 1761, and was
colonel of militia. " He was a commissary in the war of the Revolution, and
served in other capacities in civil and mUitary life." ^
Fay, John, b. in England about 1648, came to N. E. in the Speedwell,
which arrived at Boston 27 June 1656; he became an inhabitant of Marl
borough, where he m. Mary, dau. of Thomas Brigham of Cambridge, by whom
he had four chil. ; and, 5 July 1 6 78, m. Susanna, wid. of Joseph Mo °se, by whom
he had four chil., and d. 5 Dec. 1690.
2. John, s. and eldest child of John (1), b. 30 Nov. 1669, m. EUzabeth
WeUington; she d. and he m. Levinah Brigham 16 Dee 1729. His chil. were:
Bathsheba, b. 1 Jan. 1693; m. John Pratt 4 Jan. 1715-16; Eunice, b. 2 June
1696, ra. Isaac Pratt 17 Ap. 1721; Mary, b. 29 Sep. 1698, d. 20 Nov. 1704;
John, h. 5 Dec. 1700, m. Hannah Child 17 Ap. 1721; Lydia, b.  1702;
^" Deacon John Fassett was born April s Deming' .s Catalogue of the Principal
1, 1720. He was one of the second company Officers of Vermont.
of settlers in Bennington in 1761. At his i Records of Governor and Council of
house the first town-meeting was held in Vermont, ii. 132.
March, 1762." Jennings' Memorials of a 6 Jennings' Memorials of a Centum. D.
Century, p. 224. 225.
2 Records of Governor aud Council of
Vermont, ii. 1.

FAY. 371
Dinah, b. 5 Sep. 1705, m. David Goodnow  1722; James, h. 27 Dec. 1707;
Mehetabel, b. 18 June 1710; Benjamin, h. 15 Aug. 1712, m. Martha  ;
Stephen, h. 5 May 1715. John the f. res. in that part of Marlborough which
was incorporated as Westborough, in which town he held the principal offices,
and d. 5 Jan. 1747.
3. James, s. ot John (2), m. Lydia Child ot AVatertown 9 Dec. 1727; she
d. at Hk., and he m. Prudence, wid. of Ebenezer Whipple, pub. 13 Sep. 1760.
His chil. were : Daniel, b.  1728; Lydia, b.  1730, m. Amaziah Spooner
22 Feb. 1749-50, d. 10 Aug. 1817, a. 87; James, b.  ; Lucy, b.  -, m.
Jonathan Farr, Jr., 27 Oct. 1763; Mehetabel, b.  , m. Benjamin Rogers 10
Sep. 1760; Reuben, h. 29 Nov. 1739; Isaac, b.  ; Elizabeth, b.  , per
haps m. Benjamin Ruggles 3d, 26 Nov. 1766; Hannah, b. 23 Feb. 1749, at Hk.,
m. Jaraes Rogers 23 Nov. 1768, d. 18 Oct. 1835, a. 86. James the f. owned
land in Hk. as early as 1735, but prob. reraained in Westboro' until after 1739,
when his s. Reuben was b. there; he then rem. to Grafton, and was there 25
Sep. 1746, when he bought of Benjamin Smith the farm in Hk., which becarae
his homestead; and came here before 23 Feb. 1749, when his dau. Hannah was
born. In his will, 13 July 1774, he names all his chil. except Lucy, to whose
son Solomon Farr and dau. Lydia Farr legacies are given. He resided on the
old River road, at the place marked ' ' A. Rice ' ' on the R. Map. He was a
farraer, a bone-setter, and a deacon of the Separate Church. He was de
nounced as a Tory, but forgiven, and died in peace 12 June 1777, a. nearly70.
4. Stephen, s. of John (2), was the father ot a very remarkable faraily, and
was himself a man of mark. He m. Ruth Child 7 Mar. 1734,' and had John,
b. 23 Dec. 1734; Jonas,b. 28 Jan. 1736-7; Stephen, b. 19 Feb. 1738-9; Ruth,
h. 12 May 1741; Mary, b. 16 Oct 1743, ra. Moses Robinson (judge, U. S. sen
ator, and governor), pub. 25 July 1762, d. 12 Feb. 1801; Beulah, b. 29 Jan.
1745-6, m. Samuel BiUings (raajor) 28 June 1764, d. 18 Sep. 1833; Elijah, b.
5 Mar. 1747-8; Benjamin, h. 22 Nov. 1750; Joseph, b. 11 Sep. 1753; Sarah,b.
4 July 1757, m. David Robinson (general, sheriff", and U. S. raarshal), d. 25
Jan. 1801; David, h. about 1762. Stephen the f. bought a farm of 300 acres,
bordering on the west side ot Muddy Pond, 6 Dec. 1749, but soon rem. to the
place afterwards owned and occupied by Col. Stephen Rice, on the old turn
pike, marked " C. Paige " on the R. Map. He was selectman four years, assessor
five years, innholder from 1754 to 1763, and retaUer (perhaps innholder also)
in 1764 and 1765. He was also prob. captain of mUitia, as he was known by
that title during his residence in Vermont, and was so described on his head-^
stone. In 1766 he rera. to Bennington and became landlord of the Green
Mountain Tavern, afterwards so celebrated as the "Catamount Tavern." ^
This house was the general headquarters of the controlling spirits during the
long contest with New York, and also during the Revolutionary War, and
among those spirits Capt. Fay was not the least active. When it was deter
mined in 1772, during the New York controversy, to send special messengers
to confer with Governor Tryon, Capt. Fay and his son. Dr. Jonas Fay, were
selected as the messengers. During the Revolution he was constantly active,
and rendered efficient service in a civil capacity; and in the clash of arms he
was represented by his sons. It is said that five ot his sons were engaged in
the Bennington Battle, lJ_Aiig^l7J7, the eldest of whom was killed. It is
matter of authentic historyPtnat when the father was informed that he had
been unfortunate in respect to one ot his sons, he exclaimed: "AVhat! has he
misbehaved ? did he desert his post, or run trom the charge ? " On being told
that his son was dead, he bowed his head, saying: " I thank God that I had a
son who was willing to give his life for his country." Capt Fay lived to see
the arras of his country triumphant, but did not witness the establishment of
peace. He d. 17 May 1781 ; his w. Ruth attained the age ot 88 years.
5. Daniel, s. of James (3), m. Elizabeth, dau. of Deac. Daniel Spooner, 18
1 " The place where, in Bennington, the its sign the stuffed skin of a catamount, with
councils of, the leaders were held — the Coun- teeth grinning toward New York, and hence
cil of Safety — was the Green Mountain Tav- came to be called the Catamount Tavern."
ern, kept by Capt. Stephen Fay. It had for Jennings' Memorials of a Century, p. 143.

372 FAY.
May 1749; she d. 24 Nov. 1756, a. 25, and he m. Mary Crosby 10 Mar. 1757.
He had seventeen children: Timothy, b. 9 July 1750; Daniel, b. 14 Dec. 1752;
Jedediah, b. 4 June 1755, ra. Jerusha Aiken 12 Nov. 1778, was a physician sev
eral years in Hk., but no record is found of chil. or of his death; Moses, b. 5
Jan. 1758, d. young; Aaron, b. 1 Aug. 1759, m. Molly Hatch 19 Dec. 1782,
rem. to Barnard, Vt.; Elizabeth, b. 2 Aug. 1761, m. Joseph Hunt 16 May 1779;
Moses, b. 30 June 1763, m. Sally Hedge 24 Feb. 1 788, rera. to Barnard; Sarah,
b. 28 Mar. 1765, m. John Hunt 1 Oct 1784; Eliakim, b. 1 Mar. 1767, m. Han
nah, dau. of Capt Ebenezer Cox, 5 Sep. 1790, rera. to Barnard; David, b. 25
July 1769 ; Jonathan, b. 22 Mar. 1771, d. young; Mary, b. 2 May 1772; Jona
than, b. 28 Ap. 1774; Joseph, b. 26 Dee 1775, rem. to Rutland, Vt, d. in Hk.
15 Mar. 1814; Fiorina, b. 30 Nov. 1777; Benjamin, b. 28 Aug. 1779, rem. to
Rutland, Vt; Hannah, b. 28 Feb. 1782, m. Samuel Parker 29 Jan. 1801, and
d. at Milford 17 June 1869. Daniel the f. d. 28 Feb. 1815.
6. James, s. of Jaraes (3), ra. Mary, prob. dau. ot Seth Winslow, 18 Mar.
1756, and had Paul, b. 30 Dee 1756; Barnabas, b. 30 Oct. 1758; Lydia, b. 14
July 1761; Mehetable, b. 12 July 1763; Mary, b. 21 Jan. 1766, d. young; Han
nah, b. 17 May 1768 ; Mary, b. 12 Ap. 1770.
7. Reuben, s. of Jaraes (3), ra. Elizabeth, dau. of WUliam Perkins, 11 June
1767, and had Susanna, b. 14 Oct. 1767, m. Leonard Burt of Westminster,
Vt, 19 Dee 1790; Jonas, b. 14 Nov. 1768; Jonathan, h. 4 Dec. 1769; Wil
liam, b. 17 July 1771 ; Moses, b. 13 Feb. 1773; Betty, b. 13 Oct 1774, m.
James Babbitt ot Gr., 27 Nov. 1800; Josiah, h. 26 Feb. 1776. Reuben the f.
d. 26 Oct. 1800; his w. Elizabeth d. 15 Jan. 1803, a. 53.
8. Isaac, s. of Jaraes (3), ra. Kezia Doane 22 Nov. 1764, and had
Charles, b. 18 Aug. 1765; Lydia, b. 7 June 1769; John, b. 9 Feb. 1773; Cy
rus, b. 20 Feb. 1776; Asa, b. 5 Oct 1777; Cynthia, b. 23 Oct 1779. He
bought the homestead 1774, but res. on the adjoining farm, marked " E.
Trow " on the R. Map.
9. John, s. of Stephen (4), m. Mary Fisk of Sturbridge, pub. 22 Oct. 1757,
and had Susanna, b. 4 Dec. 1758; Nathan, h. 15 Nov. 1760; Caleb, b. 20 Oct.
1762 ; Helena, b. 7 May 1766; John, b. 1 May 1768; Henry Fisk, b. 26 Aug.
1770 ; Josepll, b.  1772, d. 14 Sep. 1777, a. 5 ; Hiram, b.  1775, d. 24
Aug. 1777, a. 2. John the f. rera. to Bennington about 1772, and was killed
in battle 16 Aug. 1777 ;i his w. Mary survived him only fifteen days, dying 31
Aug. 1777, a. 38 ; their two younger chil. also d. within a month after the
father's death.
10. Jonas, s. of Stephen (4), m. Sarah, dau. of John Fassett, 1 May 1760;
she d. after he rem. to Bennington, and he m. in Hk. Lydia, widow of Dr.
Challis Safford, and dau. of Jonathan Warner, 20 Nov. 1777. His chU., b. in
Hk., were Josiah, b. 1 May 1761; Ruth, b. 2 May 1763; Polly, h. 12 Jan.
1765. He had also in Bennington Lydia, who m. Uriah Edgerton, Esq.; Sa
rah, ra. Henry Hopkins; and twin sons, Ethan Allen and Heman Allen. Jo
nas the f. was a man of extraordinary energy and versatility of talent. In
1756 he was clerk of the company commanded by Capt. Samuel Robinson in
the French War, and was then styled " cordwinder." In 1761 he was called
"ensign" on the town records. His taste, however, was rather civU than
martial, and political than mechanical. He studied medicine, and practised
the healing art for several years here, and also taught school, res. at the place
marked " Mr. Wesson " on the R. Map. On his removal to Bennington about
1768, he at once becaine conspicuous both as a physician and as a leading pol
itician. The following is a brief sumraary of his public services: "In 1772,
1 At the Bennington Battle. "He was ning ran the cry over the ranks of his towns-
fighting behind a tree. His last words, as he men, ' John Fay is shot ! ' Maddened to
raised his musket to flre once more at the fury, they sprang from behind the trees,
enemy, were, ' I feel that I am fighting in a flred their guns in the very faces of the foe,
good cause.' And as his eye ran along the and, clubbing the breeches, leaped over the
barrel, taking aim, his head just exposed breastwork with an impulse of onset nothing
from behind the tree, a ball struck him in mortal could resist." Jennings' Memon-
the very centre of his forehead, and he fell als of a Century, p. 255.
with his gun undischarged. Quick as light-

FAY. 373
when Gov. Tryon invited the people of Bennington to send agents to New
York to inform him ot the grounds of their complaint, he, with his father, was
appointed for that purpose. He was clerk to the convention of settlers that
met in 1774, and resolved to defend by force Allen, Warner, and others, who
were threatened with outlawry and death by the New York Assembly, and as
such clerk certified their proceedings tor publication. At the age of nineteen
he had served in the French AA^ar during the carapaign of 1 756 at Fort Ed
ward and Lake George, as clerk of Capt. Samuel Robinson's company of
Massachusetts troops, and he served as surgeon in the expedition under Allen
at the capture of Ticonderoga. He was continued in that position by the Com
mittee of the Massachusetts Congress who were sent to the Lake in July 1775,
and also appointed by them to rauster the troops as they arrived for the de
fence of that post. He was also surgeon for a time to Col. Warner's regiment.
In January, 1776, he was clerk to the convention at Dorset, that petitioned
Congress to be allowed to serve in the common cause of the country as inhab
itants of the New Hampshire Grants, and not under New York, and also of
that held at the same place in July following. He was a member of the con
vention which met at AVestminster in January, 1777, and declared Vermont to
be an independent State, and was appointed chairman of a coramittee to draw
up a declaration and petition announcing the fact, and their reasons for it, to
Congress, of which declaration and petition he was the draughtsman and au
thor. He was secretary to the convention that formed the Constitution of the
State in July, 1777, and was one ot the Council ot Safety ^ then appointed to
administer the affairs of the State, until the Assembly, provided for by the con
stitution, should raeet; was a raemberof the State Council tor seven years from
1778; a judge of the Supreme Court in 1782; judge of probate from 1782 to
1787; and he attended the Continental Congress at Philadelphia as the agent
of the State, under appointments raade in Jan. 1777, Oct. 1779, June 1781,
and Feb. 1782. Dr. Fay was a raan of extensive general information, decided
in his opinions, and bold and determined in raaintaining them. His education
was such as to enable him to draw with skill and ability the public papers of
the day, of many of which, besides the Declaration of Independence before
mentioned, he was the reputed author. In 1780, he, in conjunction with
Ethan Allen, prepared and published, in their joint naraes, a pamphlet of thirty
pages, on the New Hampshire and New York controversy, which was printed
at Hartford, Conn. . . . Dr. Fay resided in Bennington, in a house that stood
on the Blue HUl, a mile south ot the meeting-house, until after the year 1800,
¦when he removed to Charlotte for a few years, and afterwards to Pawlet, but
returned again to Bennington, where he died March 6, 1818, aged 82."''
11. Stephen, b. of Stephen (4), m. Susan Fisk ot Sturbridge, pub.. 18 Ap.
1762, but no record is found of children. His hfe seems to have been less
eventful than that of his brothers. It is said that he d. at Hk. about 1804.
12. Elij.\h, s. of Stephen (4), rem. to Bennington with his father, m. Deb
orah Lawrence, and d. 5 July 1835. He was engaged, with three of his broth
ers, in the Bennington Battle.
13. Benjamin, s. of Stephen (4), rem. to Bennington with his father, and
" was the first sheriff in the county and State." He served in that office
" from March 26, 1778, untU Oct. 1781." " He m. Sarah, dau. of Capt Sam
uel Robinson, and d. 19 June, 1786, at the early age ot 35 years. His son
Samuel, b. 16 Aug. 1772, and d. 25 Dee 1863, res. in the old homestead, the
" Catamount Tavern," was deputy sheriff sixteen years, and sheriff twelve
years, up to the year 1823.
1 It was this Council of Safety, assembled active members of the council, as shewn by
in the "Catamount Tavern" a month later, such minutes of its proceedings as have
on the day of the Bennington battle, to which been preserved, were Thomas Chittenden,
Professor Bartlett alluded in his centennial president of the body ; Jonas Fay, vice pres-
oration, August 16, 1877: "There was a ident; Ira Allen, secretary; and Nathan
noted tavern in the town, and there were Clark, Paul Spooner, and Moses Kobinson."
gathered there Ira Allen, Thomas Chitten- Fay, Spooner, and Robinson, it may be
den, Jonas Fay, and their staunch comrades, added, were Hardwick men.
There was one catamount on the sign-post, ^ Vermont Hist. Mag., i. 171, 172.
and twelve catamounts within." Gov. Hall, ' Jennings' Memorials of a Century, p.
in his History of Vermont says : " The most 258.

374 FAY.
14. Joseph, s. ot Stephen (4), went "to Bennington, a memberof his
father's tarn Uy in 1766. He was secretary to the CouncU ot Safety and of
the State CouncU from Sep. 1777 to 1784, and Secretary of State from
1778 to 1781. He was the associate of Ira AUen in conducting the famous
negotiation with Gen. Haldimand, by wbich the operations of the enemy were
paralyzed, and the northern frontier protected from invasion during the three
last years of the Revolutionary struggle. He was a man of very respectable
talents and acquirements, of fine personal appearance and agreeable manners,
and well calculated to manage such a diplomatic adventure with adroitness
and ability." ^ He m. Margaret, dau. of Rev. Jedediah Dewey, rem. to the
city of New York in 1794, and d. there in October 1803, leaving posterity,
of whom Theodore S. Fay, the author, was a representative.
15. David, s. of Stephen (4), was a " fifer " in the Battle of Bennington,
then about fifteen years old. He was afterwards a lawyer, admitted to the
bar in June 1794, was State attorney four years before 1801, United States
attorney under President Jefferson, judge of the Supreme Court 1809 to 1813,
and judge of probate 1819, 1820. He m. Mary, dau. of John Staniford of
Windhara, Conn., and d. 5 June 1827.
16. Timothy, s. of Daniel (5), m. Olive Leonard 23 Mar. 1775 ; she d.
 , and he m. Hannah, widow of Peter Bassett, and dau. of  Lindsey,
7 Dec. 1780. His chU. were: Leonard, b. 21 Nov. 1775 ; Olive, b. 25 Mar.
1782, m. Josiah C. Chandler 24 Nov. 1799 ; Bassett, b. 3 Dec. 1783 ; Lindsey,
b. 28 Sep. 1786 ; Apollos, b. 30 May 1789 ; Hannah, b. 12 Jan. 1792, m.
Jaraes Perkins 23 Mar. 1837, d. s. p. 24 Mar. 1855 ; Timothy, b. 18 June
1794 ; Daniel, b. 22 Feb. 1797, d. unm. 22 June 1847. Timothy the f. was
a farmer, res. on the old turnpike, at the place marked " A. Fay " on the R.
Map, and d. 17 June 1831 ; his w. Hannah d. 2 June 1820, a. 63.
17. Daniel, s. of Daniel (5), m. Mary, d. of Col. Timothy Paige, 23 Aug.
1778, and bad (born here), Mary, b. 10 Mar. 1779, m. Rev. "Philander
Chase, Bishop, successively, of Ohio and of Illinois, was mother of Rev.
Philander Chase, Jr., and Rev. Dudley Chase, and d. at Worthington, O., 5
May 1818 ; Nancy, b. 25 Mar. 1781, m. Nathaniel Evans, d. at Middlebury,
O., 12 July 1825 ; Elizabeth, h. 3 Sep. 1783, ra. B. Batchelder, res. in Bethel,
Vt., where she d. 4 May 1831 (her dau., Mary C, m. Rev. Henry Caswall,
D. D., an English clergyman of the Episcopal Church, was several years in
England, returned, and, since the death of her husband, has res. at Frank
lin, Pa., and AVelland, Canada ; Jedediah, b. 30 Jan. 1786, a physician in
Owego, N. Y., m. Caroline Roberts, 1812, and d. 23 Ap. 1848, leaving
several children ; his w. CaroUne d. 1 Mar. 1879, a. 84 ; Timothy Paige, b. 9
May 1788, a physician in Stockbridge, Vt., ra. Eunice Denison 16 Dec. 1811,
had seven chil., and d. 29 Aug. 1865 (his second dau., Mary, ra. Rev.
T. S. Hubbard of Stockbridge, and the third, Emily, m. H. D. Moro-an,
Esq.) ; Almira, b. 28 July 1790, d. unm. at Steubenville, O., 29 Oct 1824;
Daniel, h. 26 Oct 1792, d. 16 Mar. 1796; (also in Bethel) Cyrus Paige, b.
17 Feb. 1796, a merchant in Columbus, O., d. 2 Oct 1872, leavinc^ posterity ;
Oren, b. 17 Deo. 1798, d. at New Madrid, Mo.— Sep. 1834. Daniel the f.
was a mason, rem. about 1795 to Bethel, Vt., and thence to Randolph, Vt,
where he d. 21 June 1810 ; his w. Mary d. at the house of her son. Dr. Fay.
in Stockbridge, 27 Mar. 1834, a. 74. > ji
18. Bassett, s. of Timothy (16), m. Nancy, dau. of Jesse Pai<re, 22 Jan.
1811, and had Francis Paige, b. 28 Nov. 1811, d. 27 Sep. 1816 ¦,°William b
17 Jan. 1814, d. 6 June 1816 ; Mary Alathea, b. 22 Ap. 1816 ; Henry, b. 9
Mar. 1818 ; Eliza Jane, b. 14 Aug. 1820; William Bassett, b. 9 Auo- 1824-
Sarah Ruggles, b. — Nov. 1827, d. 20 Feb. 1828, a. 11 weeks ;°(?eo™e
Breckenridge, hap.Jl Dec. 1829. Bassett the f. was a carpenter, and re
sided on Mandell HUl, at the place marked " B. Fay " on the R. Map He
rem. to Indiana about 1838. "'
19 Lindsey, s. of Timothy (16), m. Esther Jenney Hunt 20 Mar. 1810,
and had Hirctm, b. 19 Oct 1811 ; Horace, b. 21 Oct 1813 ; John Hunt, b. 26
July 1815. Lindsey the f. rem. with his faraily many years ago.
1 Vermont Sist. Mag., i. 172.

FAY — FISH. 375
20. Apollos, s. of Timothy (16), m. Celia, dau. of Eli Hudson, 7 July
1817, and had a chUd b.  , d. 25 Feb. 1819 ; Harriet, b. 12 Ap. 1822, m.
Joseph W. Powers 23 May 1844 ; Sarah Perkins, b. 27 Dee 1826, m. Marshall
P. Nye 16 Nov. 1848, d. 13 Sep. 1851. Apollos the f. was a farmer, res. on
the homestead, and d. 24 Jan. 1864 ; his w. Celia d. 4 Sep. 1858, a. 68.
21. Timothy, s. ot Timothy (16), m. Mary H. Hammond 7 Nov. 1822 ;
she d. 12 July 1841, and he m. Mrs. Mary J. Richraond 20 Ap. 1842. His
chil. were: James Perkins, b. 2 Dec. 1823 ; Rhoda Paige, b. 9 Sept. 1825, d. 7
Jan. 1832; Stephen Hammond, b. 22 Dee 1827, d. 5 Sep. 1846; Mary Maria,
b. 6 Oct 1829, d. unra. 19 Dec. 1856; John Lindsey, b. 4 Mar. 1832, d. 5 Ap.
1832; Rhoda Jane, b. 26 July, 1833, ra. Wilder U. Barnes 20 Ap. 1864;
Larrissa Lomira, b. 10 Aug. 1837 ; Emily Augusta, b. 16 July 1839, m. George
Woods 6 Feb. 1862 ; Mercy Ann, b. 29 May 1843, m. Charles Pepper 7 Aug.
1862 ; Franklin Hammond, b. 2 Sep. 1848, m. Della A. AA'heeler 6 Nov. 1873 ;
Sarah Eliza, b. 24 June 1851, m. Charles E. WUson 28 June 1876. Timothy
the f. was a farraer, selectman one year, member of the school committee six
years, taught school many years, res. on the Barre road, at the place errone
ously raarked " F. Fay " on the R. Map, and d. 14 Ap. 1872 ; his w. Mary
J. d. 11 Aug. 1855, a. 46 or 47.
22. James P., s. of Timothy (21), m. Sally, dau. ot Ichabod Dexter, 8 Ap.
1845, and had George Elmer' b. 21 Ap. 1852, d. 20 Oct. 1864; John Ham
mond, b. 28 Feb. 1854. James P. the t. is a farraer, res. on the homestead,
and has rendered public service as teacher of schools, member of the school
committee, assessor, justice of the peace, and trial justice.
23. John PL, s. of James P. (22), m. Mary R. Slaney 15 Aug. 1877, and
had George John, b. 8 Jan. 1879 ; James, b. 23 Sep. 1881, d. 24 Sep. 1881.
24. Daniel H., of Southborough, ra. Sarah R. Smith 1 Ap. 1841, and had
(born here) Sarah Elizabeth, b. 20 Jan. 1842, d. unm. 23 Sep. 1874.
Tabitha, of Sturbridge, m. William Maccoye at Brk. 22 Nov. 1744.
Daphne, m. Otis Cobb, pub. 18 July 1802. Rev. Barnabas M., m. Louisa
M. Mills of Morristown, N. J., pub. 27 Aug. 1842. James, m. Sarah Horr of
Pel., pub. 10 Mar. 1843. Nathan, s. of Thomas, b. in Brimfield, d. 26 Dee
1873, a. 88.
Field, Patrick, by w. Abigail, had Thomas, bap. 28 Feb. 1768.
2. George, m. Prudence, dau. ot Ebenezer Whipple, 13 Ap. 1775, and had
Robert, b. 5 Jan. 1777 ; Polly, b. 18 Ap. 1778, ra. Pliny Lawton 22 Feb. 1801 ;
John, b. 5 Jan. 1780, grad. W. C. 1807, studied divinity ; with the exception
of a pastorate at North Wrentham from 1 May 1816 to 15 June 1819, he was
generally engaged as a missionary in Ohio ; the latter part of his life was
spent at the South, where he preached and taught school ; he d. near Natchez,
Miss., 7 Aug. 1827 ; Ebenezer, b. 9 Aug. 1783, prob. d. young; Fanny, h. 13
July 1785, ra. Carey Howard 26 Nov. 1813 ; Joseph, b. about 1788 ; Elutheria,
b. —June 1791, d. 20 Sep. 1794; Sophia, b. — Ap. 1793, d. 25 Sep. 1794.
George the f. was a clothier, and res. near Gilbertville, at the place raarked
"R. F'ield " on the R. Map, where he d. 2 or 4 May 1826, a. 80 ; his w.
Prudence d. 15 Dec. 1838, a. 82.i
3. Robert, s. of George (2), m. Sally Tyler of Western (now Warren),
pub. 20 Feb. 1802, and had Sophia, b. about 1805, d. unm. at Warren 24
July 1870., a. 65; George, b. about 1809, d. 16 Mar. 1813, a. 4. Robert the
f. inherited the homestead, and d. 23 Aug. 1843; his w. Sally d. 28 Sep. 1859,
a. 80.
Fish, Henry, s. of Rev. EUsha Fish of Upton, b. about 1765, m. EUzabeth
Holmes (b. at Worcester), and had Henry, b.  1790; Hannah, b. 
1 Mr. Field had good judgment in the ment of wages to a laborer, he drew an
affairs of life, and was highly respected for order on a store-keeper, thus : " Mr. Bow-
his strict honesty and integrity; yet he man — Let him have it. George Field."
created rauch amusement by the oddity of On being told that this was a very unusual
his language. For example, he said to form of an order, he replied : " Just as
his son, " Go up to the house, and fetch well ; short way." Mr. Bowman knew hia
them down here." "Fetch what, sir?" customer so well that he duly honored his
said the son. "Why, my shoes." In pay- order.

376 FISH — FORBES.
1792, m. Uriel Spooner of Brk., pub. 26 Ap. 1843, and d. 10 Nov. 1857, a. 65;
Elizabeth, b.  1794, m. Wyman Spooner 10 Nov. 1818, and d. at Elkhorn,
Wis., in 1867; Nancy, b.  1797, m. Daniel Warner 29 May 1821, and d. 2
Feb. 1875, a. 77 ; these four were prob. b. at Upton, and were baptized at Hk.
22 May 1803 ; Catherine Holmes, bap. 30 Ap. 1809, m. Foster Marsh of AVare
17 June 1846, and d. 18 Oct. 1873, a. nearly 64 ; Elvira, bap. 26 Ap. 1812, ra.
Rev. Rufus Case of St. Johnsbury, Vt., 2 June 1842. Henry the f. was a
farmer, and prob. rem. frora Upton to Hk. about the year 17118, when he was
styled lieutenant; he was elected deacon ot the church 18 Ap. 1819, which
office he resigned 20 May 1830; he was selectman five years, and d. 28 Ap.
1850, a. 85; his w. Elizabeth d. 30 June 1854, a. 84.
2. Henry, s. of Henry (1), ra. Sarah Ross of Brk., pub. 21 Sep. 1823; she
d. 18 Auo-. 1850, a. 51, and be m. Hannah Davis, pub. 11 Feb. 1851; his chU.
were: Sarah Jane, b.  1825, ra. Rev. Amos Holbrook of Sturbridge, 26 Mar.
1851; JohnR., b.  1827; Henry Dwight, b.  1829; a child d. 31 Aug.
1831, a. 7 days ; HoUoway, b.  1833; d. 24 Aug. 1835. Henry the f. was
a farmer, res. on the horaestead, and d. 19 Dec. 1864, a. nearly 75.
3. John R., s. of Henry (2), ra. Pauline M. Ruggles 27 May 1855, and had
Mary Elizabeth, b. 9 July 1856, d. 15 June 1858 ; Laura Elvira, b. 1 Oct
1857. John R. the f. d. 3 Mar. 1857, a. 30 ; his w. PauUne M. m. Isaac S.
Bonney 10 Mar. 1864.
4. Henry Dwight, s. of Henry (2), m. Abby B. Mann 10 Mar. 1853; she
d. 26 Oct. 1859, and he m. Alraira C. Brown, 1861. His chU. were: Abbie
Carrie, b. 18 Feb. 1854; Sarah Isabel, b. 29 Mar. J856, d. 19 July 1858; Harry,
b.  1859, d. 9 Sep. 1877, a. 18; John Dwight, b. 14 Oct 1861; Freddie
Thomas, b. 29 Ap. 1863; Bertha, b.  1865; Gertrude, b.  1873.
Martha, ra. Deac. Nathaniel Paige, pub.  Aug. 1783. Nathaniel, of
Prescott, m. Mrs. SUa Dean 30 Dec. 1835.
Fisk, Jacob, came from Wenham, and by w. Elizabeth had Elizabeth, b. 4
Mar. 1745 ; Jonathan, b. 17 May 1748 ; Abigail, b. 17 Aug. 1750; Sarah, b. 28
Dec. 1752; a daughter b. 24 Sep. 1758.
2. Ebenezer, by w. Dorcas, had Simeon, b. 15 July 1762.
3. Samuel, by w. Sabrina, hadi Lydia, b.  Feb. 1791, d. 3 Nov. 1791.
Samuel the f. d. 6 Sep. 1818, a. 55.
4. Charles W., m. Sarah Lawrence 17 Mar. 1818, and had Sarah Ann, b.
18 Jan. 1820, m. Ebenezer Briggs 8 July 1840, d. at Amherst 16 Nov. 1858 ;
Charles W., b. 17 Ap. 1823. Sarah the mother d. 4 Ap. 1840, a. 43.
Mary, of Sturbridge, ra. John Fay, pub. 22 Oct. 1757. Stephen, of Green
wich, m. Anna Green 29 June 1758. Elizabeth, m. David Allen 12 Nov.
1761. Dorcas, m. AA^atson Freeman 26 Feb. 1761. Susan, of Sturbridge,
ni. Stephen Fay, Jr., pub. 18 Ap. 1762. Elizabeth, m. Nathaniel Dickin
son 1 Nov. 1764. Mary, m. Henry Pliggins 9 Nov. 1768. Anna, m. Ezra
Conant of Warwick 21 Mar. 1770. Nancy, m. Daniel AVilson of Lynn, pub.
8 Nov. 1807. Fanny, m. Alvah Packard 4 Dec. 1820.
Fitzgerald, John, by w. Margaret, had Edward, b. 22 Mar. 1871 ; Gerald
Dean (or Geraldine), b. 27 Mar. 1874; John, b. 13 Oct 1877.
2. AVilliam, by w. Margaret, had Mary Ann, b. 28 Nov. 1872.
Fitzpatrick, Michael, by w. Margaret, had Mercy W., b. 7 May, 1851.
2. AVilliam, m. Margaret Buckley 25 Feb. 1865, and had Catherine, b. 29
May 1866; John, b. 18 July 1868; a child b. and d. 9 Feb. 1871; WUliam, b. 19
Ap. .1876; Francis Cornelius, b. 23 June 1879.
F];.ETCHER, Benjamin, by w. Lucy, had Marjory, b. 8 Dec. 1759.
Capt. Jonathan, of Barre, m. Mary Sears 1 May 1760. Alpheus, m. Ruth
Heywood 26 Feb. 1797. Polly, m. Caleb Nurse of Barre, pub. 12 Feb. 1809.
Joel AV., ra. Mary Ann Marsh 28 Ap. 1845.
Forbes, Theodore (prob. s. of Stephen Forbush, naraed below), by w.
EUzabeth, had Lancy, b. 3 Aug. 1781; Luther, b. 10 Mar. 1787.
2. Daniel, by w. Mary Ann, had Jane Ii., b. about 1834, ra. Samuel W.
Knight of Barre 3 Sep. 1861 ; Olean Augusta, b.  1836, m. Joseph Dud
ley, Jr., 31 Dec. 1856 ; Mary Ellen, b. about 1841, m. Elmer M. Thayer 10
July 1861; Mary, b. 8 Aug. 1844, d. 24 Feb. 1846; Charles, b. 12 June, 1848.

FORBUSH — FOSTER. 377
Forbush, Aaron, otherwise written Furrowbush.i perhaps s. of Aaron of
Brk., m. Sarah Lamson of Ipswich, pub. 1 Dec. 1746, and had here Sarah, b.
25 Feb. 1747-8, ra. Qideon AA'heelock 14 Jan. 1771; Margery, b. 28 Nov.
1749, m. Moses AVinchester 9 Mar. 1780; Lucy, b. 20 Sep. 1751, m. Paul
Knowlton of Shrews. 8 Nov. 1769; Aaron, b. 29 May 1753; Martha, b. 14 Dec.
1754, m. Asa HuU of Montague 12 Oct 1778; Edna, b. 21 Nov. 1756, m.
Jacob AVhipple 30 Dee 1777 ; Moses, b. 15 July 1759 ; Rhoda, b. 26 Feb. 1761,
m. Ephraim Hunt, Jr., of Gr. 5 Ap. 1781, and d. here 15 Aug. 1855, a. 94 ;
Lydia, b. 25 Aug. 1762, m. Noah Marble 17 Nov. 1785; Susanna, b. 15 Ap.
1764, m. Abel Butterfield 13 Ap. 1785. Aaron the f. d. 10 Aug. 1811, a. 89
or 90; his w. Sarah d. 21 Nov. 1808, a. 87 or 88.
2. Stephen, by w. Mary, had Alexander, b. 20 Feb. 1755; Theodore, h. 21
Dee 1756 (probably the same who is named above as Theodore Forbes) ; Re
becca, b. 4 July 1759 ; Asa, b. 25 Dec. 1761 ; Eunice, b. 23 May 1764 ; Sally,
b. 2 Nov. 1766 ; John, b. 1 Ap. 1769; Polly, b. 25 Sep. 1771 ; Kate, b. 20 Mar.
1774; Stephen, b. 12 Oct. 1776. Stephen the f. was a cordwainer, and rem.
from Brk. to Hk. about 1754, and prob. to Wilmington, Vt., about 1779.
3. Aaron, s. ot Aaron (1), m. Catherine Rice, 27 Ap. 1774, and had Luke,
b. 9 May 1775 ; Huldah, b. 25 June 1778 ; Aaron, b. 28 Aug. 1780; Chloe, b.
6 Mar. 1782.
4. Moses, s. of Aaron (1), m. Patty Marble of Pet 9 Jan. 1785, and had
Moses Wiley, b. 5 Sep. 1785, d. 4 July 1786; Zebina, b. 7 Mar. 1788; Patty,
b. 21 June 1792; Burt, b. 11 July 1800, d. 11 Feb. 1801. MosES the f. d. 28
June 1810 ; his w. Patty d. 6 July 1830, a. 64.
5. Zebina, s. ot Moses (4), m. Zeby, dau. of Josiah Manly, 24 Ap. 1811 ;
she d. 27 or 28 July 1849, a. 59, and he m. Hannah MUls ot Orange, pub. 1
Feb. 1851. His chil. were: a son, b.  , d. 18 Jan. 1813; Cynthia, b. 26
June 1814, m. Chester Gore 12 Nov. 1845; Patty, b. about 1817, d. 27 Jan.
1830, a. 12; Polly, b. 16 Feb. 1818 ; Susan, b. 15 Jan. 1828, m. Charles P.
Clark ot Barre 11 Nov. 1853 ; Elizabeth M., b. 8 July 1831 ; and perhaps others.
Zebina the f. d. at Brk. 23 Feb. 1873, a. 85.
Katherine, m. Moses Whipple 25 May 1758. Patty, m. Micajah John
son of Shrewsbury, Vt., 31 Dec. 1811. Mrs. Lois, d. 22 Feb. 1867, a. 67.
Foster, Thomas, by w. Elizabeth, had Thomas, b. 18 Aug. 1640, a phy
sician in Cambridge; John, b. 7 Oct. 1^42; prob. Increase, b.  ; Elizabeth,
b.  , ra. Deac. James Frost of BiUerica, 22 Jan. 1666-7; Hopestill, b. 26
Mar. 1648, a blacksmith in Woburn, d. 26 May 1679 ; Joseph, b. 28 Mar. 1650,
afarmer and deacon in Billerica, d. 12 Dee 1721. Thomas the f. res. in
Weymouth as early as 1640, and subsequently in Braintree and Billerica.
He was a blacksmith and the progenitor of a long line of similar artisans. He
was one of the early Anabaptists ; but his posterity, for several generations,
were steadfast adherents to the established church. He was selectman six
years, and d. in BiUerica 20 Ap. 1682; his w. Elizabeth d. 29 Jan. 1694-5.
2. John, s. of Thomas (1), ra. Mary, dau. of Thomas Chillingsworth^ ot
Marshfield; she d. 25 Sep. 1702, and he m. Sarah Thomas 30 Dec. 1702.
His chil. were: Elizabeth, b. 24 Sep. 1664, m. William Carver of Marshfield
18 Jan. 1682-3 (he d. 1 Oct 1760, a. 102, as it is said; she d. —June 1715);
John, b. 12 Oct. 1666, a blacksmith and deacon in Plymouth, d. 24 Dec. 1741 ;
1 This name underwent many transfer- in 1648 and 1652. He had no son to perpet-
mations. In 1660 it was written Farrabas, at uate his name, yet it appears even to this
Cambridge; at Marlborough it was written day as a Christian name in the posterity of
Farrowbush, in 1688, and Forbush in 1693 ; some of his daughters, who were Elizabeth,
at AVestborough, Forbes, at a latter date. d. unm. 28 Sep. 1685 ; Mehetabel, m. Justus
At Hardwick it certainly had the two forms, Eames of Marshfield; Mary, m. Deacon
Furrowbush and Forbush, applied to the John Foster; Sarah, m. Samuel Sprague,
same person, and probably Forbes as the the last secretary of Plymouth Colony,
name of another. Thomas the f. d. prob. about March 1652-
2 Mr. Chillingsworth was probably the 3, when administration on his estate was
only male bearing this name in New Eng- granted to his w. Joanna, who m. Thomas
land in the seventeenth century. After a Doggett of Marshfleld 17 May, 1654 and was
short residence in Lynn and Sandwich, he buried 4 Sep. 1684.
settled in Marshfleld, and was representative

378 FOSTER.
Josiah, h. 7 June 1669, a farmer in Pembroke, d. about 1757; Mary,h. 13 Sep.
1671, ra. John Hatch of Marshfield 30 Dec. 1696, and d. 3 Ap. 1750; Joseph,
b. about 1674, res. in Barnstable and Sandwich, d. -r Ap. 1750; Sarah, b.
about 1677, d. unm. 7 Ap. 1702; Chillingsworth, b. 11 June 1680; James, b.
22 May 1683, d. 21 July 1683; Thomas, b. about 1685, a farmer, town clerk,
and deacon in Marshfield, d. 6 Feb. 1758, a. 72 ; Deborah, b. about 1691 , d. unm.
4 Nov. 1732, a. 41. John the f. was a blacksmith, selectman, and deacon in
Marshfield, where he d. 13 June 1732, a. nearly 90; his w. Sarah d. 26 May 1731.
3. Chillingsworth, s. ot John (2), m. Mercy, dau. of John Freeman i ot
Harwich (now Brewster); she d. 7 July 1720, a. 33, and he m. Susanna, wid.
of Nathaniel Sears, dau. of John Gray; she d. 7 Dee 1730, and he m. Ruth,
wid. of Sarauel Sears, dau. of WUUam Merrick, 7 Dec. 1731. His chil. were :
James, b. 6 Jan. 1705-6; Chillingsworth, b. 25 Dec. 1707, a blacksmith, se
lectman, representative ten years, justice of the peace, and special justice of
the Court of Common Pleas; he d. in Harwich about 1779 ; Mary, b. 5 Jan.
1709-10, m. David Paddock of Yarmouth 12 Oct 1727; Thomas, b. 15 Mar.
1711-12, ra. Mary Hopkins, 11 July 1734; Nathan, b. 10 June 1715, ra. Sarah
Lincoln 14 June 1739; Isaac, b. 17 June 1718, a blaeksraith, res. on the home
stead, m. Hannah Sears, dau. of his stepmother, 2 Nov. 1738, and d. 10 Sep.
1777; Mercy, b. 30 Mar. 1720, d. 28 Aug. 1720; Mercy, b. 29 July 1722, m.
Isaac Crosby 7 Oct 1742; Nathaniel, b. 17 Ap. 1725; Jerusha,b. 9 Dec. 1727.
Chillingsworth the f. settled early in that part of Harwich which is now
Brewster. Like his father and grandfather, he was a blacksmith, and trans
mitted the mysteries of that craft to at least three sons. Like his father also,
he was deacon ot the church frora 4 July 1731 until he died. He was select
man nine years, treasurer twenty-five years, town clerk twenty-eight years,
and representative eight years. He d. 22 Dec. 1764; his w. Ruth d. 13 Feb.
1766, a. 82.
4. James, b. of Chillingsworth (3), m. Lydia, dau. of Major Edward AA'^ins-
low of Rochester, 10 July 1729; she d. 7 Jan. 1770, a. 60, and he m. Phebe
ActU of Berkley, pub. 11 May 1771. His chil. were Mercy, b. 4 July 1730,
m. Seth Rider ot Roch., pub. 2 May 1747; Mary, b. 11 Ap. 1732, ra. Col.
Timothy Paige ot Hardwick, 24 Oct. 1754, and d. 21 July 1825, a. 93; Chil
lingsworth, b. 8 Dec. 1733, ra. Margaret Pope of Dartraouth, pub. 29 June
1754, and (2d) Mrs. Sarah Freeraan of Roch., pub. 3 Aug. 1794, and d. 3
Mar. 1807; James, b. 17 Ap. 1735, d. 29 May 1735; Lydia, b. 13 Ap. 1736,
m. Nathaniel Haskell of Hk., pub. 3 Ap. 1757; James, b. 12 Ap. 1737, a black
smith and deacon in Roch., ra. Mary Lewis, pub. 30 Nov. 1755, and d. — Nov.
1829, a. 92; Edward, b. 3 July 1738; Nathan, b. 4 Ap. 1740, d. 28 Oct 1742;
John, b. 5 Aug. 1742, d. 9 Sep. 1742; Nathan, b. 26 Jan. 1743-4, m. Hannah
HaskeU of Hk., 14 Mar. 1765, res. in N. Sah and afterwards in Wilmington,
Vt.; John, b. 30 July 1745. James the f., like many of his ancestors, was a
blacksmith and deacon ; he was also selectman, town clerk, and treasurer. He
res. in Roch. untU 1774, when he rem. to Athol with his son John, and d. about
1788. 5. Edward, s. of James (4), m. Deborah Bangs of Hk., 13 Jan. 1762, and
had Seth, b. 19 Feb. 1764 ; Deborah, h. 16 Oct 1766 ; Edward, b. 6 Ap. 1769;
James, b. 18 Jan. 1771. Edward the f. rera. from Hk. to that part of Pel
ham which is now Prescott.
6. John, s. of James (4), m. Rebecca, dau. of Deacon WUliam Paige ot Hk.
6 Oct. 1768, and had WiUiam, b. 17 Oct. 1769 ; Lydia, b. 10 Feb. 1772; John,
b. 3 Sep. 1776 ; James, b. 22 Sep. 1778, a Universalist clergyman in Onondaga
County, N. Y., and d. at Bridgeport in the winter of 1854-5, a. 76; Ebenezer,
b. 19 Oct 1780; Shadrach, b. 20 Mar. 1783 ; Aikens, h. 7 Feb. 1788; Rebecca,
b. 24 Feb. 1791. John the f. rem. trom Roch. to Athol in 1774, and after
1791 to Barnard, Vt
1 John Freeman (b. Dec. 1651, d. 27 July, Thomas Prence (d. 29 Mar. 1673, a. 73), by
1721), father of Mrs. Mercy Foster, was son his w. Patience (d. 1634), who was dau. of
of Major John Freeman of Eastham (d. 28 Elder William Brewster, of blessed mem-
Oct. 1719, a. 97), by hia w. Mercy (d. 28 Sep. orj'.
1711, a. 80), who was daughter of Governor

FOSTER — FREEMAN. 379
[For a more full account of the descendants of Thomas Foster (1), see N.
E. Hist, and Gen. Register, xxvi. 394.]
7. John, parentage not ascertained, by w. Eunice, had Jonathan, b. 18 Aug.
1740. He apparently rera. to Hk. from Grafton, and was selectman and town
clerk in 1740 and 1741; he seems to have returned to Grafton, and the va
cancies in office were fiUed 23 Nov. 1741; but he bought land again in Hk. 9
Sep. 1742, and is described as of Hk. in the inventory of his estate 27 Feb.
1745-6, which estate was divided, 4 Aug. 1 751, between his chU. Joseph, John,
Jacob, .Jonathan, Abigail, and Lydia.
8. Emory B., by w. Adeline, had George Emory, b. 27 Oct 1842; Frederick,
b. 21 Aug. 1844, d. unra. 16 July 1877; William Alfred, b. 1 Mar. 1849. Em
ory B. the f., assessor 1858, and deacon 1841, forraerly res. in Petershara.
Joseph, prob. s. of John (7), m. Susanna Roberts of Brk., pub. 9 Feb.
1751-2. Abigail, prob. dau. of John (7), ra. Jacob Pepper of N. Br. 28 Feb.
1754. Susanna, of Ware, ra. Jacob Lawton, pub. 16 Nov. 1777. AVilliam,
of Barnard, Vt., prob. s. of John (6), m. Polly Paige, pub. 10 Oct. 1793.
Jedediah, of "Wilraington, Vt, m. Mrs. Tamasen BUlings 12 Nov. 1804.
Lewis, of Palmyra, N. Y., m. Hannah Carpenter, pub. 24 Sep. 1827.
Freeman, Edmund, of Lynn in 1635, was one ot the grantees of Sand
wich 3 Ap. 1637, where he d. in 1682, at the supposed age of 92. By w.
Ehzabeth he had Alice, m. Deac. WiUiam Paddy 24 Nov. 1639; Edmund;
Elizabeth, m. John Ellis; John; Mary, m. Edward Perry. Edmund thef.
was one of the assistants in the Plymouth Colony from 1640 to 1645, inclusive.
See Freeman Genealogy, pp. 12-24.
2. Edmund, s. of Edmund (1), m. Rebecca, dau. of Gov. Thomas Prence
22 Ap. 1646; she d. and he m. Margaret Perry 18 July 1651. His chiL were
Rebecca, b.  , m. Ezra Perry; Margaret, b. 2 Oct. 1652; Edmund, b. 5
Oct 1655; Alice, b. 29 Mar. 1658; Rachel, b. 4 Sep. 1659, m. John Landers;
Sarah, b. 6 Feb. 1662, ra. Richard Landers; Deborah, b. 9 Aug. 1665, ra.
Thoraas Landers. Edmund the f. res. in Sandwich, and was deputy at the
General Court of Plyraouth seven years.
3. John, s. of Edmund (1), m. Mercy, dau. of Gov. Thomas Prence, and gr.
dau. ot Elder WiUiam Brewster, 13 or 14 Feb. 1649-50, and had John, b. 2
Feb. 1650-1, d. young; John, b. — Dec. 1651; Thomas, b. — Sep. 1653, dea
con, selectman, town clerk, and treasurer of Harwich; Patience, b.  ,
m. Lieut. Sarauel Paine 31 Jan. 1682-3; Hannah, b.  , m. John Mayo
14 Ap. 1681; Edmund, b. — June 1657; Mercy, b. — July 1659, ra. Sam
uel Knowles — Dec. 1679; William, b.  ; Prince, b. 3 Feb. 1665-6, d.
young; Nathaniel, b. 20 Mar. 1669, selectman and town clerk of Eastham,
justice of the peace and judge of the County Court, d. 4 Jan. 1760; Bennett,
b. 7 Mar. 1670-1, ra. Deac. John Paine 14 Mar. 1689. John the f. early rem.
to Eastham; he was a captain in 1675, actively engaged in King Philip's AVar,
and major in 1686; he was also deacon ot the church, selectman ten years,
deputy at the General Court seven years, and assistant twenty-four years;
sheriff of the county, under the Andros administration, and the first naraed
judge of the Court of Coramon Pleas after the union of Plymouth and Massa
chusetts. His grave-stone in Eastham bears this inscription: " Here lies the
body of Major John Freeman, died October y" 28"" 1719, in y" 98th year
of his age."i His w. Mercy d. 28 Sep. 1711, a. 80.
4. Edmund, s. of Edmund (2), by w. Sarah, had nine chil., res. at Sand
wich, and d. 18 May 1720, a. 65.
5. John. s. of John (3), m. Sarah, dau. of WUliam Merrick, 18 Dec. 1672;
she d. 21 Ap. 1696, and he m. Mercy, wid. of Capt. Elkanah Watson of Plym
outh. His chil., prob. all by his first w., were : John, b. 3 Sep. 1674, d. young;
Sarah, b. — Sep. 1676, m. Edward Snow; John, b. — July 1678; Rebecca, b.
28 Jan. 1680-1, prob. d. young; Nathaniel, b. 17 Mar. 1682-3; Benjarnin, b. — -
1 Some writers have supposed that " 98th " he was born in 1622, and that the figures in
should be 93d. As Major Freeman was a the inscription are right. At that day, it
deputy in 1654, when he was only 27 years was very unusual to elect a man as deputy
old, if born in 1627, I am of opinion that before he was thirty years old.

380 FREEMAN.
July 1685; Mercy, b. 3 Aug. 1687, m. Deac. Chillingsworth Foster; Patience,
b.  , m. Eleazar Crosby 24 Oct 1706; Susannah, b.  , m. John Mayo,
Jr., 22 Oct. 1712; Elizabeth, b.  , m. John Bacon, Jr., 2 May 1726; Mary,
b.  , ra. Judah Berry 1713. John the f. res. near the line between East
ham (now Orleans) and Harwich (now Brewster), and his death, 27 July 1721,
was recorded in both towns; his head-stone remains in Brewster; his w. Mary
d. 27 Sep. 1721, a. 62.
6. William, s. of Edmund (4), m. Mary Bodfish 6 Dee. 1726, and had
Hannah, b. 13 Sep. 1728, m. Silas Tupper 2 June 1757; Thomas, b. 4 Mar.
1729-30; Rebecca, b. 2 Mar. 1731-2, m. Jonathan Nye, Jr., 18 Mar. 1756, and
rera. to Hk.; William, b. 3 June 1734; Joanna, b. 21 Mar. 1736-7, m. Deac.
Nathaniel Paige of Hk. 13 Sep. 1759; Sarah, b. 26 July 1739, m. Levi Nye
9 June 1767; Elisha, b. 21 Nov. 1741; Joshua, b. 6 Ap. 1744; Mary, b. 20
July 1746, d. unm. " at a great age." William the t. res. in Sandwich, and
d. 13 Mar. 1786.
7. Isaac, s. of Edmund (4), m. Deborah Foster of Barnstable 22 Nov. 1733,
and had Ebenezer, b. 19 Aug. 1734; Nathan, b. 19 Nov. 1735; Deborah, b. 2
Feb. 1738-9; Isaac, h. 11 Feb. 1741-2. Isaac the f. res. at Sandwich, and
d. 16 Sep. 1766.
8. John, s. of John (5), m. Mercy, dau. of Capt Elkanah Watson of Plym
outh about 1701, and had in Harwich Elkanah, h. 28 Oct. 1702, d. 21 Jan.
1713-14; Sarah, b. 26 Jan. 1704, m. Constant Merrick, pub. 17 Feb. 1726-7,
and rem. to Hk. ; Mercy, b. 24 Ap. 1707 ; John, b. 13 Aug. 1709, rem. to Hk.;
Phebe, b. 28 Nov. 1711; Thankful, b. 6 Oct 1714, ra. Barnabas Sears 25 Sep.
1732, rem. to Hk. , Elkanah, "b. 6 Feb. 1716-7; Mary, b. 13 Oct 1719, m.
Roland Sears, pub. 11 Nov. 1738, rem. to Hk.; Eli, b. 27 Ap. 1722; Elisha, b.
21 May 1724; Hannah, bap. 17 Jan. 1728. John the f. rem. trom Harwich
(Brewster) to Rochester about 1723, and was styled "deacon" about 1729.
9. Thomas, s. of William (6), m. Phebe Hall 9 Oct 1752, and had Lydia,
b. about 1754, m. John Newton of Hk. 15 Jan. 1778; William, b. 12 or 22 July
1757; Mary, bap. 16 Sep. 1759; Thomas, b. 1 Ap. 1762; Joshua, b. 10 Ap.
1764; Elisha, b. 3 Oct. 1766; Stephen, b. 16 Dec. 1768. Thomas the f. res.
in Sandwich until 1757, when he bought a farm in Hk., and prob. removed
immediately, as all his children born after that year were bap. in Hk., when
infants, though their births are recorded in Sandwich as well as in Hardwick.
In INIarch, 1 775, he rem. to Barnard, Vt.,i of which town he was one of the first
settlers, and both himself and his sons were among the most energetic and dis
tinguished inhabitants. He d. 29 May 1811, a. 81 (the date on his head-stone
is 1812); his w. Phebe d. 1 Feb. 1806, a. 76.
10. Nathan, s. of Isaac (7), by w. Mary, had in Hk. Jane, bap. 19 July
1761 ; Deliverance, bap. 19 July 1761, m. Jonathan Childs 13 Jan. 1778; Nathan,
b. 30 May 1762; Joseph, b. 1 May 1764, d.  1767; Sarah Pope, bap. 14
Sep. 1766; Joseph, bap. 13 May 1770, prob. m. Hannah Howard 26 Sep. 1796.
Nathan the f. d. 8 Nov. 1769, a. 34, and his w. Mary prob. m. Nathaniel
Whitcomb, Jr., of Gr. 17 Oct 1779.
11. John, s. of John (8), m. Joanna Rickett ot Plympton, pub. 29 Jan.
1730-1, and had Mercy, b. 15 July 1732, m. SUas Newton of Hk. 9 Nov. 1749
(he d. 7 Dee 1763, and she ra. Leonard Robinson of Bennington 13 Mar. 1766,
by whom she became the mother of Sarauel L. Robinson, who d. in Hk. 18 Jan.
1863, a. nearly 96); Watson, b. 25 Oct 1734; John, b. 17 Sep. 1736; Sarah,
b. 15 Oct 1737, m. Stephen Gorham 16 Mar. or Ap. 1757; Thankful, b. 13
Nov. 1741, m. Samuel Dexter 25 Nov. 1759 ; Susanna, bap. 9 Sep. 1744; Mary,
bap. 8 Jan. 1746 ; Eli, b. 3 July 1749. John the f. accompanied his father to
Rochester about 1723, and thence rem. to Hk. before 16 Oct. 1748, when he
was dism. from the ch. in Roch. to tbe ch. in Hk., being then described as
" deacon." He was a farmer, res. on a farm adjoining the Barre line, on the
1 In a description of Barnard, the ex- in this town by Thomas Freeman and others,
traordinary tale is told that, " At the time of a distance of more than one hundred miles."
the battle of Bunker's Hill — on the 17th of Thompson's Vermont, part iii. p. 7.
June, 1776 — the firing was distinctly heard

FREEMAN — FROST. 381
easterly side of Moose Brook, and taught the school in that part of the town
eight years between 1748 and 1757. He d. 24 Jan. 1804, a. 94; his w. Joanna
d. 29 Mar. 1797, a. 87.
12. Nathan, s. of Nathan (10), m. Polly, dau. of Col, Stephen Rice, 1 Ap.
1790, and had Hollis, b.  ; Nathan, b.  1798, d. 14 Nov. 1800, a. 2;
and perhaps others.
13. Watson, s. ot John (11), m. Dorcas Fisk 26 Feb. 1761, and had ^Zp^eus,
b. 23 Nov. 1767; Jolm, b. 10 Aug. 1769; Elijah, b. 7 Oct 1770; Watson, b. 2
May 1772; Mercy, b. 14 Mar. 1774; Abigail, b. 8 Mar. 1777; Edmund, bap.
11 July 1779; Eunice, bap. 24 Feb. 1782; and perhaps others before 1767.
Watson the f. and his w. were dism. trom the ch. in Hk. to the ch. in AVil
raington, Vt, 24 July 1785.
14. John, s. of John (11), by w. Mary, had Chloe, bap. 15 Feb. 1767, prob.
the same who ra. Andrew Haskell ot Wilmington, Vt., 12 Oct. 1780. Nothing
further ascertained.
15. Eli, s. of John (11), m. Mary Rice ot Barre 26 Mar. 1767; she d. 9 July
1812, a. 60, and he m. Lucy, dau. ot Amaziah Spooner, 22 July 1813. His
chU. were Rachel, b. 10 Sep. 1769, m. Abel Stowell of Pet 5 July 1792; Sam
uel, bap. 2 Oct 1774, d. young; Hannah, bap. 5 May 1776, d. young; Hannah,
b. 14 Nov. 1778, m. Reuben Newton of Pet 18 Feb. 1800 ; Mary, bap. 24 Feb.
1782, d. unm. 27 Jan. 1800; Samuel, b. 7 Ap. 1786; Luther, b. 19 Mar. 1790,
m. Hannah King of Barre, pub. 24 Nov. 1810. Eli the f. d. 10 May 1816 ; his
w. Lucy d. 4 Jan. 1849, a. 93.
16. Hollis, s. of Nathan (12), m. Margaret Gray 20 Feb. 1822, and had
Joseph Allen, bap. 2 Feb. 1823 ; Sapphira, bap. 31 Oct. 1824 ; Henry Deven,
bap. 20 May 1827. Removed from Hk. early.
17. Samuel, s. ot EU (15), m. Abigail Rice 23 Ap. 1807; and had Wash
ington Rice, bap. 17 Nov. 1813, m. Sarah Fobes of Oakham, pub. 31 Jan. 1830;
Mary Rice, bap. 17 Nov. 1813, m. David P. Bond 22 Mar. 1831; John Phi
lander, bap. 17 Nov. 1813; Samuel Henry, bap. 21 Sep 1817, d. 11 Aug. 1818;
Rebecca, b.  1825, d. 18 June 1830, a. 5. Samuel the f. d. — July 1825.
18. Dan, Jr., parentage not ascertained, m. Sally Mason, pub. 10 Sep.
1812, and had a child b.  , d. 27 Jan. 1813.
Nancy, m. Asaph Cleveland, pub. 20 Dec. 1824. Julia Ann A., of Oak
ham, m. AValter Mandell, pub. 15 Dec. 1828. Hiram, m. Olive Chamberlin
of Ware 11 Dec. 1834. Susan, m. Daniel W. Fairbanks ot Cincinnati 25
June 1832. Dr. Nathaniel, of N. Sal., m. Sarah E. Hemenway, pub. 6 May
1843. Hannah, d. 22 Aug. 1826.
French, Samuel, m. Lydia, dau. of Capt. Daniel Warner, 23 Feb. 1775,
and had Lydia, b. 12 July, 1775, m. Charles Paige 20 Sep. 1795; Samuel, b. 5
Mar. 1779, m. Tabitha, sister of Lorenzo Dow, erected at his own expense
a Free Church at Hardwick, Vt., and d. in 1848 ; see Vt. Hist. Mag. i. 325;
Daniel, b. 18 Jan. 1781 ; Polly, b. 5 Oct. 1784; Jonathan Warner, b. 28 June
1787; Justus Warner, b. 20 Ap. 1793; Fordyce, h. 13 Ap. 1795. Samuel the
f. rem. with his family, in March 1799, to Hardwick, 'Vt., of which town he
and his sons were active and useful inhabitants. He d. 17 June 1832, a. 78;
his w. Lydia d. 28 Aug. 1814, a. 54.
2. Lejiuel, m. Sally P. Luce, pub. 30 Mar. 1789, and had Lemuel, Sally,
Timothy, aU bap. 20 Aug. 1794; Haskell, bap. 5 June 1796; Bartlett Luce, bap.
10 June 1798; a child b.  , d. 16 March 1800; William, bap. 7 June 1801;
Jotham, bap. 12 Aug. 1804. Lemuel the f. rem. to Westford, Vt., about
1809. 3. Timothy, s. of Lemuel (2), by w. Betsey had Orin Euggles, bap. 1 June
1820, d. 15 Aug. 1822, a. 6; Almond, bap. 1 June 1820.
Samuel, of Craftsbury, Vt., m. Polly Ruggles 17 July 1796.
Frink, Peter, by w.  , had Patty, bap. 20 Ap. 1777.
Frost, William, m. Harriet, dau. of Theophilus Hastings, 5 Feb. 1843;
she d. 29 June 1845, a. 40, and he ra. her sister, Henrietta Hastings, 22 Sep.
1846. The birth of only one child is found on record in Hk. : Henrietta,
b. 15 Dec. 1843, m. Alonzo L. Alden 15 Ap. 1868. William the f. was b.
in Hubbardston, and d. 21 Ap. 1867, a. 66.

382 FROST — GRIFFIN.
2. Orin D., by w. Sophia, had Benjamin Franklin, b. 19 Nov. 1869.
Frye, Nathaniel, by w.  , had a chUd d. 9 Oct 1831, a. 6 days; a dau.
d. 25 Sep. 1838, a. 3. Nathaniel the f. d. 12 Mar. 1838, a. 38.
Benjamin, d. 30 Dec. 1851, a. 88. Olive, w. of Jedediah, d. 20 June
1843, a. 72. AuRiLiA, m. Ira MUler 27 Mar. 1824 ; and Martha, m. Ira
Miller 12 May 1830.
Fuller, Thomas, m. Lydia, dau. of Col. Timothy Paige, 26 Nov. 1778,
and had Martin, b. 6 June 1780, m. Letitia Duncan ot Hancock, N. H., and
d. at Hardwick, Vt., 18 Oct. 1816 (his son, Thomas Jaraes Duncan, was
several years a member of Congress, and d. at Washington, D. C, in 1876);
Thomas, b. 24 Mar. 1782, m. Sally House, was a merchant in Enosburg, Vt,
deacon, and representative in the General Court, d. 23 Feb. 1860 (bis dau.,
Cordelia H. L., m. Dr. Horace Eaton, Governor of Vermont) ; Lydia, b. 6
June 1784, m. Daniel Weld; Malinda, b. 3 Feb. 1787, m. Charles Stevens, and
d.  Feb. 1857; a son b. 7 Mar. 1789, lived five days; Timothy Paige, b. 30
Mar. 1790, m. Rebecca Duncan of Hancock, N. H., was a farmer in Hard
wick, Vt., representative, justice ot the peace, judge of the County Court,
and d. s. p. 21 July 1854; Austin, b. 13 Ap. 1792, ra. Betsey Maynard, the
first white child born in Bakersfield, Vt., was a raerchant and manufacturer,
representative, justice of the peace, and judge of the County Court. He rem.
from Hardwick, Vt, to Bakersfield about 1815, to Enosburg in 1822, and to
Saratoga, N. Y., in 1866, where he d. s. p. 24 Sep. 1870; Francis Enos, b.
20 Mar. 1794, a farmer in Hardwick, Vt, m. Martha Worcester of Hollis, N.
H., who d. 9 Sep. 1824, and he m. Hannah Worcester of Hollis. He d. 24
Feb. 1869 ; Rebecca Paige, b. 29 Ap. 1796, ra. Alvin House of Enosburg, and
d. — Sep. 1872; John Washington, b. 4 Jan. 1799, d. 15 Aug. 1803. Thomas
the f. rera. to Westrainster, Vt., about 1786, and thence to Hardwick, Vt., in
1798. The first church in that town was organized in his house, and he was
its first deacon. He endured his share of privation in the infancy of the town,^
and afterwards shared bountifully in its prosperity. He d. 1 Dee 1823; his
w. Lydia d. 8 July 1810, a. 55.
2. Edward J., was pastor of the Calvinistic Church from 3 Nov. 1835 to 22
Mar. 1837. By w. Anna C. he had Edward Francis, bap. 8 Jan. 1837.
Mrs. Temperance, of Barre, mother of Thomas (1), m. James Lawton,
pub. 14 June 1772. William, of N. Br., ra. Mercy Powers 3 Deo. 1767.
Sarah, of Middleborough, m. William Oliver, pub. 25 Feb. 1770. Mercy,
of Oakham, was pub. to Edmund WiUis 26 Feb. 1775, and again pub. 23 Feb.
1777. Mrs. Lucretia, d. 5 Feb. 1873, a. 81.
Gale, Elisha, by w. Mary, had Elisha, b. 21 Nov. 1767; Rhoda, b. 4 June
1769. Gardner, Benjamin, by w. Nancy, had Walter R., b. 28 Aug. 1843.
Sarah, ra. Lerauel GUbert 3 Nov. 1816. Roxana, m. Anson RamsdeU,
28 Ap. 1820. Martin, ra. Clarissa Ruggles 7 Feb. 1821. Sarah Jane, ra.
Harvey Gage of Ware 9 Feb. 1852. Benjamin O., ra. Sarah P. Peck 7 Dec.
1853. GiBBEN, Peter, m. Sarah Green 7 Dec. 1751, and had Elizabeth, b. 7 Nov.
1752; Peter, b. 1 Aug. 1754; Lemuel, bap. 22 Oct. 1758.
Gibbs, Jacob, of Quobbin, m. Bethiah Bacon 13 Mar. 1753, and had in
Hk. Daniel, bap. 3 Sep. 1755.
Abraham, of Quobbin, m. Kezia Atwood, pub. 10 Mar. 1743-4. Isaac,
killed in the army, 8 Sep. 1 755. Uriah, m. Lucy Townsend of Gr. 3 Mar.
1766. Giffin, Simon, m. AbigaU Higgins 24 Mar. 1761, and had Edward, b. 3
Dec. 1761; James, b. 22 Feb. 1764 ; David Dodge, b. 8 Sep. 1766, d. at Og
densburg, N. Y., in Mar. or Ap. 1840.
. 1 ''In 1798 Thomas Fuller came to settle numbered eleven. There was a stone fire-
in Hardwick with his wife and children, place in the centre of the house, and a hol-
For SIX months, he, with a family of eleven, low log for a chimney." Vt. Hist. Mag.,
occupied a log-house, 24 feet square, with i. 325.
Mr. William Cheever, whose family also

GRIFFIN— GLAZIER.
2. John, a drummer from the beginning to the end of the Revolutionary
War, m. Mary Weeks 7 Sep. 1769, and perhaps m. (2d) Kezia Smith 22 July
1783. His chih were: Calvin, b. 11 Mar. 1770; Janet, b. 4 Sep. 1773; Luther,
h. 23 Mar. 1775; Abner, b.  Sep. 1777; Anson, b.  1787, a painter and
a tamous drummer, m. Anna, dau. ot Paul Paige, 30 May 1809, rem. to Hard
wick, Vt., and afterwards to N. Brk., where he d. 9 Aug. 1870, a. 83; and
perhaps Fanny, b.  , who m. AA^illard Clark 25 Mar. 1810.
3. Abner, s. of John (2), m. Polly Stratton of Gr., pub. 3 May 1801 ; she
d. 4 Sep. 1811, a. 29, and he m. Mary (or Mercy) AVicker, pub. 20 Dec. 1813,
who d. at Ware 29 Jan. 1865, a. 80. His chil. were : Alma, h.  1802, d.
26 Nov. 1809, a. 7; John W., h.  1804 ; a child b.  1810, d. 12 Nov.
1815, a. 5 ; James F., b. about 1823. Abner the f. d. 4 Nov. 1836.
4. John W., s. ot Abner (3), m. Achsah Berry 25 Dee 1834, and had
William H., b. about 1852. John W. the f. d. in Barre 20 May 1874, a. 69
years and 9 months.
5. James F., of AVare, s. of Abner (3), m. Elvira A. Newton 12 Dec. 1848,
and had Eliza Augusta, b. 3 Aug. 1856, ra. William A. Newton of Dana 8
Dee 1875.
6. William H., son of John W. (4), m. Eliza J. Stevens 29 June 1875, and
had Grace Elizabeth, b. 7 Mar. 1877.
Mary S., m. Erastus P. Gififen of N. Brk., 12 Ap. 1842. Lauriston, of
Barre, ra. Mary L. Conkey 9 Ap. 1867.
Gilbert, John, by w.  , had Jemima, bap. 23 May 1756.
2. David, Jr., of N. Br., m. Esther Jenney 23 Mar. 1758, and had in Hk.
Esther, b. 1 Ap. 1763; Cornelius, b. 10 Mar. 1705; Susanna, b. 16 Feb. 1767.
3. Timothy, b. 25 Jan. 1747, m. Martha Rogers, pub. 13 Oct. 1771, and had
Timothy, b. 13 Mar. 1772; Charles, b. 5 Ap. 1773, m. Lydia AVarner 25 Feb.
1796; Joseph, b. 1 May 1774; Patty, b. 20 Feb. 1776, ra, Garaaliel CoUins 21
June 1798; Rhoda, b. 12 Ap. 1778, ra. Seth Pebbles of Gr. 25 Sep. 1803;
Polly, b. 13 Feb. 1780, m. Ebenezer Collins, pub. 28 Sep. 1800; Mehetabel, h.
7 Aug. 1781; Lemuel, b. 1 Aug. 1783, m. Sarah Gardner 3 Nov. 1816; Abner,
b. 20 Mar. 1785; William, b. 14 Jan. 1787; Jason, h. 19 Jan. 1789; John, b. 11
Ap. 1792, m. Fanny Cummings 26 May 1816, selectman two years, rem. to
Prescott, and d. 4 Feb. 1862. Martha, the mother ot this large family, d.
30 Jan. 1824, a. 77.
4. Lemuel, prob. brother of Timothy (3), d. 9 Mar. 1817, a. 68; his w. Be
thiah d. 28 May 1816, a. 70, and he m. Sarah Gardner. 3 Nov. 1816.
5. Joseph, s. of Tiraothy (3), m. Sally Wheeler of Gr., pub. 21 June 1801,
and had Loring, b.  1802, m. Rachel Warner, 5 May 1831, and d. at Ware
15 Aug. 1868, a. 66; Hiram, b.  1808, d. at Southampton 26 Oct 1874, a.
66. 6. Alanson, ra. Aramadulce, dau. of Sylvanus Cobb, pub. 18 Sep. 1825, and
had Alanson A., b. 6 Mar. 1827. Alanson the f. d. 3 Ap. 1827, a. 31; his
w. Aramadulce d. at Charlestown 18 May 1881, a. 93.
Joseph, died in the army 4 Nov. 1755. Jonathan, of N. Br., m. Sarah
Amidon 5 Jan. 1779. Jacob, ot N. Br., m. Anna Dexter 7 Oct 1794. Per
sis, m. John Dexter 29 July 1821. Sophronia, ra. Newcomb Cleveland 17
Feb. 1824. Tilly, m. Sarah Holmes of N. Br., pub. 7 Nov. 1825. Mary E.,
dau. of Theron H., b. about 1840, m. Charles H. Barnes of Westminster, pub.
18 Nov. 1861.
Gitchell, David (otherwise written Getchell), by w.  , had David,
bap. here 26 May 1735, by Rev. Timothy Ruggles ot Rochester,^ betore Mr.
White was settled.
2. Robert, by w.  , had Esther, b. 19 July 1737.
Glazier, Isaiah, m. Hannah, dau. of Williara Thomas, 8 Nov. 1738, and
had Thankful (twin), b. 8 Aug. 1739, d. young; Submit (twin), b. 8 Aug.
1 On the fly-leaf of his Church Record, Isaiah son ot Nathan Carpenter, and David,
Eev. Mr. Kuggles entered the following son of David Getchell; all of Lambstown,
memorandum: "26 May 1735. I baptized now Hardwick." The last two words were
Hannah, daughter of Stephen Grifiith, also added at a later time.

384 GLAZIER — GOODSPEED.
1739, m. Elisha Gilbert of Oakham 26 Nov. 1768; David, b. 1 Mar. 1741-2;
Olive, b. 16 Mar. 1744; Joseph and Benjamin (twins), b. 31 Jan. 1745-6;
Thankful, b. 10 Mar. 1747-8, m. Stephen Rice 23 Oct 1770; Jonathan, h. 13
May 1751, ra. Azubah Nye 23 June 1774; William, b. 1 Sep. 1753; Benjamin,
b. 20 June 1757. Isaiah the t. was living in 1761 ; his w. Hannah d. 20 June
1759. 2. David, s. of Isaiah (1), m. Sarah, dau. of Ezekiel Pratt, 6 Feb. 1766,
and had Hannah, h. 20 Sep. 1766; Ezekiel, b. 12 Ap. 1769.
Rev. Joseph, m. Hannah W. AVUson ot Southbridge, pub. 11 Ap. 1834.
Gleason, Nathaniel, m. Sarah Johnson 14 Jan. 1771, and had Nathan
iel, b.  ; Sally, b.  , m. John GaUond ot Pet 11 June 1804; John, b.
25 Feb. 1783; Joel, b. 15 July 1785; Alexander, b. 31 Oct 1787. Nathan
iel the f. d. 19 June 1806, a. 62; his w. Sarah d. 28 May 1807, a. 59.
2. Nathaniel, s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Lucinda Gleason of Pet, pub. 5
May 1800, and had Horace, b. 30 Aug. 1801, grad. W. C. 1828, lawyer and
justice of the peace raany years in Boston, d. at Maiden 18 May 1877. Na
thaniel the f. rem. to Pet., where he perhaps had other children.
3. John, s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Luthera, dau. of David Allen, 18 Nov.
1813, and had Charlotte Eliza, b. 3 Sep. 1814, m. Rev. John H. WiUis 24 Nov.
1833; Charles Allen, b. 6 Jan. 1817; Mary Ann, b. 13 Dec. 1819 or 1820;
Henry, b. 25 Feb. 1823; Louisa L., b. 9 Feb. 1831; Sarah F., b. 1 Mar. 1833,
m. Nelson Amsden, res. in Hk. ; Helen R., h. 3 Feb. 1835. John the f. rem.
to Dana about 1825, and d. 17 Mar. 1845; his w. Luthera d. 3 Oct 1875, a.
80. 4. Joel, s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Sarah AVhipple, pub. 24 June 1811, and
had Alexander W., b. about 1814, and perhaps others. Joel the f. d. 26 Sep.
1823. 5. Alexander W., s. of Joel (4), m. Mary Williams of Dana, pub. 9 Jan.
1835; she d.  , and he m. Mrs. Mary Ryan 4 Feb. 1867, and had Daniel
Willard, b. 18 Aug. 1867. Alexander W. the t. d. in Ware 17 Ap. 1869, a.
55. 6. .TAMif.s H., parentage not ascertained, by w. Charlotte, had James Henry,
b. 15 Sep. 1849; Frederick Wilson, b. 6 Ap. 1853; a daughter b. 19 Mar.
1856; Frank Leslie, b. 16 June 1862.
Henry F., b. in Lee, d. 18 Ap. 1867, a. 43. Ebenezer W., m. Bethia
Richardson, pub. 10 Mar. 1849 she d. 14 Jan. 1854, a. 55. Chables A., ot
N. Br., ra. Lizzie, dau. of Joel Dwight Mandell, 17 Nov. 1875.
Goodale, Joseph, ra. Abigail AVarden of Pet 15 Aug. 1780, and prob. d.
not long before 23 Jan. 1801, when Mrs. Abigail Goodale's child d. a. 3
months and 14 days.
Aaron, of Salem, N. Y., m. Betsey, dau. ot Benjamin and Elizabeth Ruor-
gles, 9 Feb. 1802.
Goodenow, Jonathan, by w. Hannah, had Hannah, b. 8 Sep. 1744, m.
Aaron Powers 10 Mar. 1768; Elizabeth, b. 20 July 1746. Jonathan the t. d.
12 Ap. 1750, and his w. Hannah m. Ichabod Stratton, Jr., 1 July 1755.
2. Benjamin, ra. Ruth Sanderson of Sudbury 23 Mar. 1762, and had Lydia,
b. 11 July 1763 ; Benjamin, b. 11 Feb. 1765; Ruth, b. 4 Ap. 1767, m. John Car
ter of Gr., pub. 15 Mar. 1790; Luke, b. 11 Sep. 1768; Anna, bap. 8 July
1770. ^
Elizabeth, ra. Isaac Abbott 14 Aug. 1760.
Goodspeed, Edward, prob. frora Barnstable, m. Judith, dau. of Thomas
Winslow, 19 Oct 1764, and had Elizabeth, bap. 24 Nov. 1765. No further
trace found.
2. Shearjashub, perhaps brother of Fldward (1), m. Elizabeth, dau. ot
Capt Benjamin Ruggles, 20 Nov. 1766, and had Alice, h. 20 Feb. 1767;
Rhoda, b. 19 Nov. 1769, m. PhUip Amidon 27 Nov. 1788 ; Anna, b. 31 Auo-.
1775; Jocktan, b. 13Mar. 1778; Seth, b. 11 May 1780. Shearjashub the f.
was a Revolutionary soldier, and prob. rem. fr. Hk. before 1800.
Martha, of Barnstable, m. Samuel Winslow 12 June 1760. Abigail of
Barnstable, m. Caleb Nye, Jr., pub. 24 Mar. 1771. Nancy, m. Cyrus Perry
pub. 28 June 1795. John, m. Mary BiUings 31 Dec. 1807.

GORE — GRANGER. 385
Gore, William N., m. Sarah M. J. Cleveland, pub. 11 Feb. 1851, and had
a dau. b. 14 Nov. 1852; Almon Cleveland, b. 5 May 1858; Evert Edward, b.
28 May 1860; Charles Clarence, b. 22 Nov. 1862.
Chester, m. Cynthia M. Forbush 12 Nov. 1845.
Gorham, Stephen, prob. ot the Barnstable family, m. Sarah, dau. of Dea.
John Freeman, 16 Mar. 1757, and had John, b. 4 Jan. 1759; Josiah, b. 12 June
1760; Stephen, b. 19 July 1762; Silas, b. 19 Ap. 1764, m. Cynthia Hanmer,
pub. 24 Oct. 1784, and had a chUd, who d. (infant) 26 Jan. 1797; Joseph, b.
13 Feb. 1766; David, b. 17 June 1768, ra. Jane Luce 8 Aug. 1791, res. in
Barre; Challis, b. 23 Feb. 1770; Joanna, b. 6 June 1771, ra. Mayo Luce of Pet
1 July 1793; Priscilla, b. 26 — 1773; Eli, b. 10 May 1775.
2. John, s. ot Stephen (1), m. Mary, da"u. of Capt. Samuel Dexter, 3 June
1784, and had Thomas, b.  1784, m. Hannah Utley 12 Dec. 1811, and d.
in Barre 15 Dec. 1867, a. 83; Susan, b.  , ra. Nathan Taylor, pub. 27 Nov.
1806 ; John, bap. 10 Feb. 1805 ; Sally and De La Fayette, both bap. 24 Mar.
1805. John the f. d. in Barre 24 Ap. 1847, a. 88.
3. Stephen, s. ot Stephen (1), m. Lettice, dau. of Samuel Thurston, 6
Nov. 1798, and had Hiram, b. 30 Aug. 1799, ra. Mary M., dau. ot Sylvanus
Taylor, 26 Nov. 1829, and d. at AVorcester 15 Ap. 1880; Lewis, b. 15 Mar.
1801, d. at Springfield 26 Jan. 1868; SaUy Weston, b. 20 Ap. 1803, ra. Beals
Thomas, pub. 21 Oct 1837, d. 19 Dec. 1857; Lucinda, b. 15 Mar. 1805 ; Ches
ter Field, b. 16 Mar. 1807 ; Joseph Warren, b. 21 Mar. 1809, d. at Springf. 18
July, 1855; William Osman, b. 10 Oct 1811, d. 29 June 1812; William Os
man, b. 19 Sep. 1814, d. at Athol 7 Nov. 1869 ; a chUd b.  , d. 27 Jan.
1817, a- 3 days; Elbridge, b. 8 Ap. 1818, d. at Worcester 19 Nov. 1858.
Stephen the f. d. 7 Jan. 1825, a. 62 ; his w. Lettice d. 22 Ap. 1831, a. 55.
Antis, m. Seth Hinkley, pub. 25 Aug. 1822. Mrs. Ruth, ra. Dr. Convers
Cutler, pub. 9 July 1824. Jason, ra. Anna Newcorab 12 July 1827, and d.
at Barre 23 May 1881, a. 84. Mary Ann, m. Daniel B. Hinkley of Bucks-
port, Me., pub. 8 Ap. 1830.
Gould, Samuel, by w. Alice, had Levi, b. 22 Ap. 1763.
2. Haffield, b. in Milbury, res. in Wore, where his w. Judith d. 1808, a.
25, and in Pelhara, where his w. Betsey d. 8 July 1815, a. 35 ; he then rem.
to Hk., and m. Lydia, dau. of Lemuel Ruggles, 26 Oct 1817. His chU. were :
Ira P., b. about 1814; Henry Brigham, b. 7 Sep. 1818; Austin, b. 21 Dec.
1819, m. Arathusa C. Powers 16 Oct 1851, and d. 31 Aug. 1864; Jonathan
Lewis, h. 21 Sep. 1821, d. 27 Feb. 1823; Orin, b. 9 Dec. 1823 ; Cordelia, b.
20 Nov. 1827, m. John J. Newcomb, pub. 13 Mar. 1857. Haffield the f.
was a farmer, res. on Ruggles HUl, at the place marked "H. Gould " on the
R. Map, was selectman fourteen years, and d. 21 Sep. 1856, a. 78 ; his w.
Lydia d. 10 Mar. 1850, a. 67.
3. Ira P., s. of Haffield (2), was a school-teacher, member of the school
committee nine years, rem. to AVare, where he d. 15 Nov. 1861, a. 47; Mrs.
Martha M. Gould, prob. his w., and dau. of Arba Hastings, d. at Ware 19 Ap.
1850, a. 31.
4. Henry B., s. of Haffield (2), m. Nancy M., dau. of Joseph D. Dexter,
6 May 1847, and had Ella Maria, b. 9 Sep. 1851, d. 13 Mar. 1858; Nancy
Maria, b. 18 June 1859, d. 26 June 1859; Henry Brigham, b. 23 July 1860,
d. 30 July 1860. Henry B. the f. was a selectraan seven years, and d. 8
July 1863 ; his w. Nancy M. ra. Joseph C. Paige 2 Nov. 1865.
5. Oren, s. of Haffield (2), m. Sarah A., dau. of StiUman Clark, 25 Nov.
1851, and had Sarah Alice, b. 13 Oct 1858, m. Joseph S. Hillman 3 May
1882; Anna Emma,b. 31 May 1861; Lura Adelia, b. 8 Feb. 1865. Oren
the f., a farraer, res. on the turnpike, at the place marked "Mr. Browning "
on the R. Map; his w. Sarah A. d. 25 Feb. 1878, a. 48, and he ra. Mrs.
Sarah H. Jones of Prescott, dau. of Benjamin Aiken, 16 Sep. 1879.
Olive, m. Joseph D. Dexter 15 Nov. 1818. Joseph A., ra. Relief Shum
way of Pet pub. 18 Jan. 1839.
Granger, Daniel, had w. Catherine, who d. 25 Mar. 1825, a. 38, and he
m.  , dau. ot Jonathan Mead. His chU. were : William F., b. about 1806;
25

386 GRANGER — GREEN.
John H, b. about 1808, d. at Boston 20 Jan. 1859, a. 50 ; a child b.  1814,
d. 20 Oct 1815, a. 10 months: Henry H., b. about 1817 ; Timothy D., b. 
1819; Catherine,b. abon\. 1822, d. 31 Oct 1831, a. 9; and perhaps others.
Daniel the f. was a painter, and res. at the Furnace ViUage.
2. William F., s. of Daniel (1), m. Elizabeth K.Mead, sister of his father s
second wife, 26 Nov. 1829, and had Helen J., b. about 1841, m. Josiah White
26 May 1863; and prob. others. William F. the f. d. 12 Feb. 1864, a. 57;
his w. Elizabeth K. d. 14 June 1879, a. 68.
3. Henry H., ». of Daniel (1), ra. Lucy M. Woodward 30 Mar. 1837, and
had Henry C, b. about 1840, a soldier in the war of the Rebellion, kiUed in
battle at Williamsburg, Va., 5 May 1862 ; Katie, b.  , m. John King;
Francis Wilson, b. 24 Mar. 1845, -d. 23 Mar. 1846; Louis E., b.  ; Carrie
Louisa, b. 22 Mar. 1863 ; Leslie Manson, b. 30 July 1855; and perhaps others.
Henry H. the f. was a painter, and res. in the Hinkley house, at the north
end of the Common. He performed faithlul and honorable service as a lieu
tenant in tbe war of the Rebellion, was wounded in the battle at Hatcher's
Run, Va., 27 Oct. 1864, and d. three days later (30 Oct.), at City Point, a.
47. He was buried in the new cemetery, with public cereraonies.
4. Timothy D., s. of Daniel (1), m. Ruth Carter 4 June 1844, and had
Lydia Jane Josephine, b. 20 Ap. 1845; George W., b. 22 Nov. 1850; Louisa
Lilian, 20 June 1852. Timothy D. the f. d. at N. Brk. 20 June 1867, a. 48.
5. Daniel (2d), m. Emily Moulton 16 June 1837, and had Emily Ann, b.
10 July 1838; Rebecca Bardwell, b. 2 Sep. 1840, d. unm. 12 Mar. 1858 ; Ella
Charlotte, b. 13 Jan. 1843; Susan Elizabeth, b. 1 Aug. 1846 ; Daniel Franklin,
b. 9 Dec. 1848, d. 4 Oct 1857; Sarah Robinson, b. 19 Feb. 1851. Emily
the mother d. 11 Dee 1855, a. 40.
6. William P., ra. Samantha M. Stone 28 Oct. 1852, and had Lizzie Jose
phine, h. 3 Mar. 1856; Nellie M., b. — Feb. 1859, d. 31 Oct 1865; Cora
Louisa, b. 28 Nov. 1861, d. 13 June 1865. Samantha M. the mother d. 9
Feb. 1865, a. 29.
Ann Maria, m. Joseph Robbins, pub. 23 Nov. 1861.
Grant, Philip Rosax, by w. Susan, had Susan, b. about 1783, d. unm. 25
Mar. 1813, a. 30; prob. Hannah, b.  , m. Nathan Robinson 16 Oct 1804 ;
Philip, b. about 1787; Joseph, b.  1790, d. 6 July 1791, a. 1 year, 4
months ; prob. Susanna, b.  , ra. Samson Presho, pub. 4 Nov. 1808 ; Lu
cinda, b.  1792, d. 8 Aug. 1795, a. 3 ; and perhaps others. Philip the f.
is understood to have been a Hessian soldier, captured with Burgoyne's army.
He d. 2 Jan. 1812, a. 62.
2. Philip, ». of Philip (1), m. Lucy Allen, 2 Nov. 1809; she d. 2 Feb. 1837,
and he m. Lucy, dau. of Eli Barnes, 28 Feb. 1839 ; she d. 26 Jan. 1846, a. 60,
according to the record. His chil. were: Electa, b. 20 July 1811 ; Lucy, b. 15
June 1813, d. unra. 10 Aug. 1835 ; Lewis, b. 31 Mar. 1815, m. Susan M. Davis
of Falmouth, pub. 16 Sep. 1845 ; George, b. 20 June 1817; Hannah Robinson,
b. 1-5 Mar. 1820, d. unm. 15 Dee 1838; Susanna, b. 21 Sep. 1822; Philip, h.
9 Feb. 1825 ; Esther Elizabeth, b. 14 May 1827, ra. Luther Sraith 21 July
1847; Harriet, b. 16 Sep. 1830, m.  Cowles, and d. at Chicopee, 12 July
1870; Joseph, b. 9 Oct 1832.
Abigail, m. Horace Stone, 14 Ap. 1822.
Green, John, prob. s. of Thomas, and b. in Shrewsbury 2 Mar. 1726, m.
Anna Bradish 7 Dec. 1751, and had William, h. 21 Sep. 1752; John, b. 3 May
1754. John the f. was a tanner and a soldier. He was killed in battle 8 Sep.
1755. In his will he made provision for his wife and two chUdren, and also
for his mother Mary. His w. Anna prob. ra. Stephen Fisk of Gr. 29 June
1758. Mary, of Southborough, who ra. John Bradish, pub. 12 May 1746,
and Sarah, who ra. Peter Gibben 7 Dec. 1751, were prob. his sisters.
2. Larkin, m. Elizabeth Rose, pub. 15 Feb. 1756, and had Thomas, b. 16
Ap. 1757; Josiah, b. 26 Sep. 1768.
Dr. John, of AVorcester, m. Mary, dau. of General Timothy Ruo-o-les, pub.
19 Mar. 1762. SoLOMON, of Leicester, brother of Dr. John, m. "Elizabeth,
dau. ot Colonel Timothy Paige, 29 Dee 1763; she d. 1 Ap. 1802, a. 59. Ben-

GREEN— HANMER. 387
jamin, m. Hannah, dau. of James Robinson, 31 Aug. 1764. Ebenezer, m.
Elizabeth Doane of Brk., pub. 5 Nov. 1798. John, m. Asenath Burden 29
Jan. 1801. Ben.iamin, m. Eliza Barrows, pub. 29 May 1813. Thomas R.,
of Beh, m. Persis M. Nye 9 May 1844. Lucretia, ra. Janies Jackson 2 Ap.
1848. Mrs. Hannah, d. 25 May 1750.
Griffith, Stephen, by w. Hannah, had Stephen, b. 20 Mar. 1720-1 ;
Nathaniel, b. 24 Feb. 1722-3 ; Elnalhan, b. 9 Feb. 1724-5; Hannah, bap.
in Hk. by Rev. Timothy Ruggles 26 M,ay 1735 (see note under David
Gitchell) ; Seth, bap. 23 Oct 1737. Stephen the f. was prob. b. at Har
wich ; he res. in Rochester, where his first three chil. were born, but rem. to
Hk. as early as 1735, and was selectman in 1737. He is styled "Gent."
in a deed of land, having been ensign of railitia.
2. David, s. of Williara, b. in Rochester 21 Dec. 1717, by w. Eleanor, had
Abraham, b. 29 Dec. 1745; Susanna, h. 17 Mar. 1748; Mehetabel, b. 5 Mar.
1752. David the f. settled in Hk. as early as 1745.
Hagar, Joel, tor raany years managed the farm formerly owned by Maj.
Timothy Billings, was a jolly " trooper " in the cavalry, m. Mary Fairbanks
27 Ap. 1824, and rem. from the town.
Hale, Joseph, m. Nabby Hanmer, pub. 3 Dec. 1786, and had Melinda,
b. 18 July 1787 ; Nabbij, b. 4 Ap. 1791 ; Patty, b. 29 Sep. 1796 ; Zenas Han
mer, b. 11 Nov. 1798; Mordecai, b. 8 May 1800. Joseph the f. was a black
smith, and res. in what is now Gilbertville. He prob. rera. from the town
about 1802.
Almira, m. Hiram Lawrence, pub. 26 Nov. 1827. Thomas, m. Harriet
Nye of Springf., pub. 12 Sep. 1848.
Hall, "Thomas, by w. Harriet M., had Electa Luella, b. 27 May 1851.
2. Houghton, had w. Joanna F., who d. 13 Aug. 1862, a. 42, and he m.
Priscilla McClintock 25 Dec. 1862. His chil. were : George, b.  1855, d.
14 Jan. 1860, a. 4 years and 8 raonths ; Josephine Augusta, b. 20 Nov. 1858,
d. 29 Sep. 1860; Joanna Louisa, h. 30 July 1861, d. 6 Feb. 1862 ; Charles
Herbert, b. 7 July 1865 ; Franklin Putnam, b. 19 Ap. 1868; Alfred Houghton,
b. 8 Feb. 1870.
Daniel, m. Alma Spooner, pub. 9 Feb. 1806. Sarah, m. Joseph Lee 21
June 1851. Sarah E., m. Alfred C. King 1 Oct 1873.
Hamilton, Joseph N., ni. Clara D. Prouty 16 June 1866, and had Lulu
Hannah, b. 28 Oct. 1868.
2. John, by w. Harriet E., had John Lucius, b. 25 Sep. 1868 ; and by w.
Ellen, James Frederick, b. 6 Jan. 1871.
Widow Margaret, d. 7 Dec. 1819, a. 91.
Hammond, Thomas, by w. Abiah, had Nathaniel, b. 3 Oct. 1746 ; Isaac,
b. 25 Oct 1748; Bridget, b. 11 Sep. 1750.
2. Nathaniel, m. Martha, widow of John Wells, 6 Aug. 1746, and had
Timothy, b. 13 May 1748. At the time of his marriage, Nathaniel the f.
was styled captain. He had previously res. at Lower Ashuelot, now Swan
sea, N. H , which was that year abandoned by the English to the tury of the
Indians. He d. before 19 July 1758, when his w. Martha ra. Nathaniel
Kellogg of Hadley.
3. Gideon, had w. Abigail, who d. 31 Aug. 1795, a. 51, and he ra. Lucy
Jackson 15 May 1796. His chil. were : Elisha; Nabby, ra. Nathaniel Perry
of Pittsford, Vt., 17 Oct. 1793; Molly Nye; Syloina; Sally, b. 3 Feb.
1780 ; all bap. 15 Sep. 1782. Gideon the f. was a blaeksraith, and res. near
the Old Furnace. He rera. to Plainfield.
Lois, of Rochester, m. Nathaniel Merrick 29 May 1764. Hannah, of Pet.,
m. David Pratt 12 Oct. 1780. Mary, m. Timothy Fay, Jr., 7 Nov. 1822.
Perley, ra. Harriet, dau. of Scotto Berry, 1 Ap. 1832. Timothy AV., m.
Mary A. Houghton of Pet, pub. 25 Ap. 1835. Joseph W., of Pet, ra.
Abigail Paige, pub. 26 Ap. 1844, and rem. to Cambridge.
Hanmkr, John, son of John (who rera. from Halifax to Bridgewater in
1739), m. Martha, dau. of Joseph Prior,  1760, and had Nabby, b. 1
Sep. 1761, m. Joseph Hale, pub. 3Dec. 1786 ; Lucinda,b.  1763; Cynthia,

388 HANMER — HARWOOD.
b. 16 July 1765, m. SUas Gorham, pub. 24 Oct. 1784; Zenas, b. 5 Nov.
1767 ; Perninah, b. 8 May 1770, ra. Paul Paige 15 July 1790 ; Salmon, b. 15
Feb. 1773, d. 20 Mar. 1791. John the f. rem. to Hk. in 1770 ;-aU his chU.
except the last were born in Bridgewater, though recorded here; his wid.
Martha d. 1 Feb. 1823, a. 86.
Polly, m. Ishmael Bowker of Ware 16 Sep. 1792.
Harmon, Elijah B., by w. Nancy, had Henry, b. 14 May 1791; Celia, b.
1 Dec. 1793, m. Francis Slason of Rutland, Vt., pub. 11 Aug. 1822; Charles,
b. 26 Aug. 1796 ; Ralph, b. 3 Nov. 1797, d. 30 Ap. 1803 ; William, h. 1 July
1802, d. 12 May 1803. Elijah B. the f. was a hatter, selectraan two years,
treasurer seventeen years, res. on the turnpike, at the place raarked " Mr.
Stimpson " on the R. Map, until 1798, and afterwards at the place marked
" W. MandeU," adjoining tlie estate of Hon. AVilliam Mixter. After 1825
he rem. to Rutland, Vt., where both he and his w. attained a good old age.
Harrington, Stephen, was here in 1735, and, by w. Elizabeth, had Daniel,
h. 16 Dec. 1737.
2. Lemuel, with w. Eleanor, dau. of Capt. John McClenathan, carae to
Hk. from Rutland ; he was a tanner, and res. at the place raarked " S.
Berry " on the R. Map, and afterwards, in connection with Col. Thomas
Wheeler, erected the New Furnace near Gilbertville, and engaged in the
raanufacture of iron-ware, residing at the place raarked " L. Harrington."
He was an assessor two years, and d. s. p. 1 Feb. 1833, a. 69 ; his w. Eleanor
d. 23 Nov. 1846, a. 90.
Lawson, m. Elizabeth McClenathan of Brk., pub. 13 Aug. 1821.
Harris, George, by w. Hannah, had William, b. 24 I'eb. 1764.
2. Stephen, by w. Arathusa, had Sarah Abigail, b. 6 Feb. 1841 ; Harriet
Alzina, b. 4 Jan. 1843.
Oliver, m. Mehetabel Shaw 4 Sep. 1781. Margaret, ra. Soloraon
Mason, Jr., of Gr. 30 Jan. 1783. John, m. Abigail Ware of N. Br. 2 July
1787. Susanna, m. Calvin Bryant, pub. 25 Jan. 1789. Oliver, Jr., of
Dana, m. Mary Barlow, pub. 24 June 1811.
Harvey, John, ra. Elizabeth M., dau. of Phineas Beaman, 28 Feb. 1860,
and bad John Bernard, b. 24 Dee 1860; Herman J, b.  1861, d. 6 Sep.
1863 ; Eddie B., b. 26 Nov. 1864, d. 10 Aug. 1865 ; Elmer Phineas, b. 4 Oct
1868. Mary W., m. F. La Fayette Tibbetts of Charlestown 12 Jan. 1853.
Charles A., m. Abbie H. Flint of Athol, pub. 17 Dec. 1855, and rem. to
Boston. Cornelia K., m. Elijah Bridges 1 Aug. 1861. Jane A., m.
Horace Knight, pub. 20 Feb. 1866. Hiram AV., s. of Charles M., d. 21 Dee
1852, a. 16. Hannah R., wid. of Charles M. and dau. of Phineas Bond, d. 27
Jan. 1879, a. 77.
Harwood, Peter (otherwise written Harrard and Harrod) , res. at Con
cord, and had Nathaniel, John, Benjamin (b. 30 Ap. 1713), Joseph, Ebenezer,
Mary, and Hannah. See Harwood Gen., by Mrs. Sarah Robinson.
2. John, prob. s. of Peter (1), by w. Mary, had (all recorded here, though
two or three were prob. h. elsewhere) Sarah, b. 26 Feb. 1729-30 ; Lydia, b.
22 Jan. 1731-2 ; Mary, b. 3 Mar. 1734 ; John, b. 25 June 1736 ; James, b. 3
Aug. 1737; Andrew, bap. 20 Sep. 1743, ra. Rachel Higgins, pub. 3 Feb. 1771.
3. Benjamin, s. of Peter (1), ra. Bridget Brown — Mav, 1733, and had
at Concord Peter, b. 14 July 1735 ; he then rem. to Hardwick, where he had
Eleazar, b. 28 Sep. 1737; Benjamin, b. 20 Ap. 1739, ra. Catherine Chauncy,
and d. at Amherst in 1760 ; Zechariah, b. 11 Mar. 1742, m. Lovina, dau. of
OUver Rice, 30 Ap. 1767 ; Mary, b. 10 June 1745 ; Ebenezer, b. 2 Feb. 1749,
d. about 1753 ; Stephen, b. 25 June 1751 ; Abigail, b. 4 Nov. 1753; and
Hepzibah, b. at Amherst 26 Nov. 1756. Benjamin the f. was a zealous
Separatist, rem. to Amherst about 1756, and d. 19 Aug. 1758 ; his w. Bridget
went with the first company of eraigrants to Bennington, Vt, in June 1761,
and d. there 8 Nov. 1762, a. 47; her chU. accorapanied her lo Ben., and
Benjamin, son of her son Peter, was the first white child born in that town,
12 Jan. 1762. See Harwood Gen., ut supra.

HARWOOD — HASKELL. 389
4. Abel, parentage not ascertained, m. Sarah, dau. of Capt. Benjamin
Ruggles, 27 Nov. 1765, and had Benjamin, b. 13 Nov. 1766, ra. Elizabeth, dau.
of Rev. Robert Cutler, and d. in Enfield 24 Dee. 1852 ; Sarah, b. 21 Feb.
1769. Abel the f. was a blacksmith, bought five acres ot land here 1 Mar.
1762, and d. 2 Mar. 1770, a. 28 ; his w. Sarah ra. Ezra Alden ot Gr. 2 Jan.
1772. 5. Andrew J., by w. Harriet, had Albert L., b. 10 Sep. 1847.
6. Dauphi.v, by w. Sylvia, had Mary M., b.  , d. 10 Feb. 1856, a. 14 ;
Ellen, b. about 1850, m. Thomas F. Boyle of W. Dover, Vt, 22 Jan. 1873 ;
Mary Amelia, b. 18 May 1851.
Sarah S., m. William AV. Parks ot Pal., pub. 10 Feb. 1866.
Haskell, Roger, b. in Enpiland, l/l3, m. Elizabeth Hardy, and bad John
(settled in Middleborough), William, Mark, Elizabeth, Hannah, Josiah, Roger,
Samuel, and Sarah. Roger the f. was a fisherman, res. at Salem in 1636,
and afterwards at Beverly, where he d. in 1667. He had brothers William
and Mark.
2. Mark, s. ot Roger (1), ra. Mary, dau. ot John Smith, 20 Mar. 1677-8,
and had Roger, b. 17 Oct 1680; John, b. 14 Feb. 1681-2; Mark, b. 5 Feb.
1683-4; Elizabeth, h. 10 Nov. 1686; Mary, b. 23 Ap. 1689; Joseph, b. 3 Nov.
1692. Mark the f. was a carpenter, and res. in Beverly until 3 Ap. 1693,
when he bought a large tract ot land in Rochester, to which place he rem.
soon, was town clerk in 1697, and d. 17 May 1699; his w. Mary survived.
3. Roger, s. of Mark (2), ra. Joanna Swift ot Sandwich 25 Jan. 1707-8,
and had Mark, b. 28 Mar. 1709; Ephraim, b. 9 Feb. 1711-12; Hannah, b. 9
Sep. 1714; Ebenezer, b. 20 Feb. 1716-17; Elizabeth, b. 11 June 1720; Joanna,
b. 26 May 1725; Susanna, b. 18 Oct 1730. Roger the f. res. in Rochester.
4. John, s. of Mark (2), by w. Mehetabel, had Sarah, b. 24 Sep. 1706 ;
Rebecca, h. 14 Dec. 1707 ; John, h. 13 May 1709, perhaps m. Elizabeth Law
rence of Hk. 4 Mar. 1753 ; Roger and Andrew, twins, b. 8 Mar. 1710-11 ; Me
hetabel, b. 3 Jan. 1712-13, m. Cornelius Cannon 6 Jan. 1732-3; Mary, b. 23
Ap. 1714, ra; Dudley Jordan 23 Dec. 1739; Thomas, h. 27 Jan. 1716-16;
Zechariah, b. 11 Ap. 1718 ; Moses, b. 18 Sep. 1719. John tbe f. res. in Roch
ester; administration on his estate was granted to his w. Mehetabel 21 June
1728. The larger part of his children rem. to Hardwick.
5. M.4RK, s. of Mark (2), by w. Rebecca, had in Rochester Joanna, b. 29
Jan. 1710-11 ; Mary, h. 3 Jan." 171 2-1 3; Thomas,b. 11 Sep. 1714; Mark,h. 22
Sep. 1716.
6. Joseph, s. of Mark (2), by w. Bethia, had Nathaniel, b. 26 July 1717,
d. 27 May 1729; Jane, b. 17 May 1719, m. Joshua Lawrence 13 July 1743,
and res. in Hk. ; Sarah, b. 4 Oct. 1720; Joseph, b. 5 Mar. 1721-2; Mary, b. 22
Mar. 1723-4; Elnathan, b. 29 Dee 1725, m. Dorothy, wid. of David Peckham
and dau. of James Robinson, 26 Nov. 1749; John, h. 1 Mar. 1727-8; Bethia,
b. 25 Jan. 1729-30; Abigail, b. 6 Feb. 1731-2; Hannah, b. 16 Aug. 17.34.
Joseph the f. was a carpenter, and one of the early proprietors of Hardwick,
but res. in Rochester.
7. Mark, s. of Roger (3), m. Mary Spooner ot Dartmouth 21 Dec. 1730,
and had Nathaniel, b. 26 Feb. 1731-2, rem. to Hk.; Samuel, b. 6 Feb. 1733-4;
Micah, b. 20 Nov. 1735 ; .Joanna, b. 11 Dec. 1737; liy second w. Abiah, he had
Mary,b. 24 May 1741 ; Roger, h. 31 May 1742 (settled in Middleborough and
had s. Simeon, who was father of Mark Haskell of Oakham) ; Elisha, h. 22
Feb. 1 743-4. Mark the f. res. in Rochester.
8. Ephraim, s. of Roger (3), by w. Mehetabel, had Joanna, h. 13 May
1740; Elizabeth, b. 2 July 1741, prob. ni. Nathaniel Merrick 26 June 1776;
Deborah, h. 15 July 1743; Ephraim, b. 25 Feb. 1744-5; Jabez, b. 15 Nov.
1746; Barnabas, b. 25 Sep. 1748; Elias, b. 24 Mar. 1750-1; Ebenezer, h. 1
Ap. 1754. Ephraim the f. res. in Rochester; he bought a farm here 23 Feb.^
1773, but d. before 25 Feb. 1774, and bis son Ejihraim had the farm.
9. Roger, s. ot John (4), ra. Alice Spooner of Rochester, 13 Mar. 1736-7,
and had Rebecca, b. 20 Nov. 1738, d. young; Mehetabel, b. 17 Jan. 1740-1;
Rebecca, b. 29 Mar. 1743; Roger, b. 11 July 1746, m. Joanna, dau. ot Thomas

390 HASKELL.
HaskeU, 28 May 1772; Hannah, b. 15 May 1750. Roger the f. rem. to Hk.
before his raarriage and res. on tbe east side of the river (now New liraintree;,
near Ditch Meadow. He d. 21 Dec. 1750 ; the inventory of his w. Alice was
filed 31 May 1759. ^^ „„„ , j j i,
10. Andkew, s. of John (4), m. Jane Clark 25 Nov. 1733; she d. and he
ra. Susanna Paine of Shutes. 10 July 1777. His chih, all b. in Rochester,
were Mehetabel, b. 22 Dec. 1735, d. young; Mary, b. 26 Mai\ 1738, ra. 
Whitcorab ; John, h. 28 July 1741, ra. Hannah, dau. of Rev. Robert Cutler ot
Gr., 28 Ap. 1763; Mehetabel, b. 9 July 1744, m. Freeman Sears 22 Oct. 1761.
Andrew tbe f. was a housewright ; he rem. from Roch. to Dartmouth after
1744, and thence to Hk. about 1761, when he bought a farra in the north part
of the town, which he exchanged in 1779 for the parsonage forraerly owned
by Rev. David White. His son was joint owner of the estate, and it was sold,
27 May 1795, to Dr. AVUliam Cutler. Mr. HaskeU's wUl was proved 21 Ap.
1796, about which time he d., and his son rem. from the town; his w. Su
sanna was living in 1795.
11. Thomas, s. of John (4), m. Hannah Goss of Brk. 12 Nov. 1742 ; she d.
15 May 1749, a. 25, and he ra. Joanna Hunt of Gr., pub. 13 Jan. 1749-50.
His chil., aU recorded here, were : Hannah, b. 12 May 1744, m. Nathan Foster
14 Mar. 1765 ; Alice, b. 17 Ap. 1746, d. 25 June 1746; Lois, b. 15 Sep. 1747,
m. Asa Curtis of N Sal. 27 Nov. 1766; Joanna, b. 19 Jan. 1750-1, ra. Roger
Haskell 28 May 1772; Rhoda, b. 20 Dec. 1753 ; Thomas, b. 14 Mar. 1755; An
drew, bap. 10 Ap. 1757, perhaps tbe same who (then of Wilmington, Vt.) m.
Chloe Freeman 12 Oct. 1780. Thomas the f. was a farraer, and res. on the
Barye road, at or near the place marked " W. Sturtevant " on the R. Map.
He prob. rem. to Wilmincton, Vt, about 1779.
12. Zechariah, s. of John (4), ra. Kezia Goss of Brk. 20 Aug. 1745, and
had Sarah, b. 8 Ap. 1747; John, b. 17 July 1749; Kezia, b. 19 May 1751;
Roger, b. 2 Ap. 1753; Philip, bap. 13 July 1755; Simeon, bap. 21 May 1758.
Zechariah the f. was a tailor, and res. about a hundred rods northerly from
the turnpike on the road from Mandell HiU to Ruggles Hill.
13. Moses, s. of John (4), m. Lydia Clark of Roch., pub. 18 May 1751,
and hadMary, b. 22 June 1752, m. John Hedge 7 Sep. 1777; Lydia, b. 4 July
1753, m. Edward Taylor 23 Nov. 1775; Thankful, b. 10 Aug. 1754; Mehetabel,
b. 17 Mar. 1756, d. young; Moses, b. 20 Dee 1757, ra. Priscilla Hinkley 12
Jan. 1780; Mehetabel, b. 15 Oct. 1760 ; Alice, b. 13 July 1762; Rebecca, b. 6
Mar. 1765. Moses the f. was a blacksmith, and res. on the Barre road at the
place marked " S. Clark " on the R. Map.
14. Nathaniel, s. of Mark (7), ni. Lydia, dau. of Dea. James Foster ot
Roch., pub. 3 Ap. 1757; she d. and be m. Sarah Carter of Gr., pub. 25 May
1790. His chil. were : Prince, b. 26 Ap. 1758; George, b. 23 Ap. 1761; Nathan
iel, b. 15 July 1762, settled in Barnard, Vt. ; Mary, b. 1 July 1765; and
perhaps David, who d. at Shutes. 22 Feb. 1850, a. 81, and Lydia, who m.
Jeremiah Powers 3d, of Gr., pub. 24 Dec. 1788. Nathaniel the f. was a
farmer and cordwainer, and res. in the northwesterly part of the town, at the
place erroneously marked "Dea. Haskins " on the R. Map; he d. 16 July
1821; his w. Sarah d. 15 Sep. 1809, a. 69.
16. Ephraim, s. of Ephraim (8), m. Eunice Nye of Roch. 22 Jan. 1769; she
d. llSep. 1796, a 48, and he ra. Mary Hammond of N. Sal., pub. 26 Feb. 1797.
His chil. were : Nathan, b. about 1770, m. (then of AA'endell) Lucy Knowlton
2 June 1796; Micah, b. about 1772, ra. Betsey Cobb 8 May 1797; Stephen,
b. 23 Sep. 1775, ra. Phebe Robinson 27 Dec. 1801 ; Ephraim, b. 14 Mar. 1778
(these four were bap. 1 Oct. 1780) ; Eunice, b. 4 July 1781, ra. Chester Powers
of Western, (now Warren), 15 Oct 1805; Joanna, b. 27 Ap. 1784, ra. the
sarae Chester Powers 1 Sep. 1830; Lucy, b. 27 Aug. 1786, m. Seth Clark of
jConway 17 Feb. 1808; Elizabeth, b. 17 July 1789. Ephraim the f. was a
farraer, rem. from Roch. to Hk. in 1774,- and res. in the northerly part ot the
town, on a farm bought by his father the previous year, at the place marked
"Mr. HaskeU" on the R. Map. He attained old age but the date ot his
death is not recorded.

HASKELL — H ASKINS. 391
16. Prince, s. of Nathaniel (14), m. Leah WUder ot Hingham 4 Oct. 1780,
and had Edward Wilder, b. 5 June 1782, d. young; Deborah, b. 18 Mar. 1784;
and, at Barnard, Harriet, b. 9 June 1786; Prince, b. 2 May 1788; Edward
Wilder, b. 29 Sep. 1789; Nathaniel, b. 30 Oct 1791; Polly, b. 6 Feb. 1798;
Adeline, b. 29 Aug. 1801. Prince the f. settled early in Barnard, Vt., and
was there captured by the Indians, 9 Aug. 1780, and carried to Canada. His
captivity, however, was short ; for he was exchanged in season to be married
in the succeeding October, having been pub. in February. It would seem
that he did not expose his family to the dangers of a frontier life until after
the birth of his second child. He rem. his faraily to Barnard, was an active
citizen, and was living in 1824 on the same farm from which he was taken
captive. 17. George, s. of Nathaniel (14), ra. Comfort Knowlton 25 Ap. 1782, and
had Charles Holman, b. 19 Jan. 1783; Abraham, b. 3 July 1784; Lydia, b. 11
Mar. 1 786 ; Comfort, b. 22 Ap. 1 789, m. Freeman Dexter, li Jan. 1812 ; Sarah,
b. 23 Dec. 1791, m. Lemuel AVicker 5 Oct 1813; Mary, b. 22 Dec. 1793, m.
Ira Wicker ot Bridport, Vt., 1 Oct 1812; Abigail, b. 8 Sep. 1796, ra. AVilliam
HaskeU of Pet. 16 May 1821 ; Mark, b. 6 Mar. 1798 ; Benjamin Franklin, b.
9 Mar. 1801 ; Deborah, b. 30 Sep. 1802, m. Joseph Whipple 2d, 15 Ap. 1824.
George the f. was a farraer and cordwainer; he inherited tbe homestead, and
d. at AValdoboro', Me., 25 May 1837, a. 76; his w. Comfort d. 14 or 16 Mar.
1837, a. 76. Both have bead-stones in the new cemetery.
18. Ephraim, s. of Ephraim (15), m. Thankful, dau. of Capt Zenas Phin
ney, 24 Oct. 1805; she d. 15 Nov. 1841, a. 60, and he ra. Maria Ayers of N.
Br'., pub. 5 Mar. 1842. His chil. were : Mary Clark, b.  , prob. d. unra. 3
Oct. 1838, a. 28; Thankful, b. 8 June 1813, prob. d. young; Sarah Berry, b.
 , d. unra. 2 Sep. 1836, a. 23; William Nye, b. 12 Mar. 1817, m. Susan B.
Johnson of Pet., pub. 29 Mar. 1841 (Mary C, Sarah B., and William N. were
bap. 16 June 1820) ; Martha Phinney, bap. 7 June 1821, d. unra 5 May 1837.
Ephraim the f. was a farraer and inherited the homestead. He erected a new
house at the northwest corner of his farra, on the Petersham road, at the place
marked " E. HaskeU " on the R. Map. He d. at Pet. 5 or 6 Mar. 1863, but was
buried here by the side of his first wife.
19. Mark, s. of George (17), m. Sarah Haskell of N. Brk., pub. 6 Jan. 1823;'
she d. 22 Mar. 1824, a. 25, and he m. Charlotte C. Holt of Brk., pub. 13 Mar.
1826. Sorae of his chil. were: Sarah Carter, b.  1824, bap. 29 Jan. 1829 ;
Matthew Wood, b.  1827, bap. 29 Jan. 1829, grad. A. C. 1853, d. at Ara
herst 25 Nov. 1856, a. 29; Charlotte Cordelia, hap. 2 July 1S30; Abby M.,b. 
1831, d. unm. at Amh. 19 Ap. 1851, a. 19 years and 6 months; William W.,
bap. 22 June 1834, d. at Amh. 7 May 1854; Caroline Eliza, bap. 1 July 1836.
Mark the f. was a farmer and deacon, res. on the homestead, and rem. to
Amherst about 1841.
20. Jonathan R., m. EHza H. Hunt 3 Dec. 1829, and had Eunice J.,
who m. Horace Chase 4 July 1864. Jonathan R. the f. d. 16 Jan. 1879,
a. 76.
John, m. Hannah Rice ot Rutland District, pub. 22 July 1765. Paul, ot
Brk., m. Sally Carter, pub. 10 Jan. 1796.
Haskins, Samuel, Jr., had w. Elizabeth, who d. 23 Feb. 1806, a. 81 (82
on grave-stone), and he m. Sarah Stetson, pub. 16 Nov. 1806. His chil. were:
Esther, b. about 1755, ra. Nathan Allen 17 Dee 1789, and d. 16 Feb. 1835, a.
79; Samuel, b. 2 Feb. 1759; Shiverick, b. 18 Aug. 1763 ; Bethia, h. about 1765,
d. — Sep. 1825, a. 60; and prob. William, who ra. Polly Ide 29 Sep. 1788, and
Rebecca, who m. Darius Rice of Gr. 17 Dee 1789. Samuel the t. res. in
Rochester when his s. Shiverick was bap., 12 Aug. 1764, but prob. rera. to Hk.
soon afterwards. He res. in the northerly part ot the town, and d. 4 Feb.
1819, a. 86; his w. Sarah d. 16 Aug. 1814, a. 79.
2. Samuel, s. of Samuel (1), by w. Persis, had Betsey, h. 31 Oct. 1783 (she
seems to have been published to Isaac LaseU of Needham, 30 Nov. 1806, and
also to Thomas Walton, 19 Aug. 1810, but to which she was raarried, if either,
does not appear); Samuel, b. 22 Jan. 1785; Aaron, b. 21 Aug. 1786 ; David,

392 HASKINS — HASTINGS.
b. 14 July 1788, m. Nancy Mason of Dana, pub. 20 Jan. 1811 ; Nathaniel, b.
4 Feb. 1791; Persis, b. 3 Jan. 1793, m. Luther Mason 20 June 1813; Thomas,
b. 15 Sep. 1795; Joseph, b. 19 Jan. 1797, m. Caroline Marsh ot Dana, pub. 10
Jan. 1820; Seth, b. 26 Ap. 1801, d. 24 Nov. 1816. Samuel the f. was chiefly
remarkable for his immense size; after his death, 25 Feb. 1818, it was ascer
tained that his body weighed four hundred and fifty pounds.
3. Shiverick, s. of Samuel (1), m. Anna Lincoln, and had Shiverick, b. 29
Mar. 1789, d. in Roxbury 2 Feb. 1861 ; Josiah, b. — Oct 1790, d. 8 Nov. 1790;
Martin, b. 8 Oct 1791, d. 3 Nov. 1813; Anna, b. 5 Oct 1793; Rufus, b. 2
Oct 1795; Amos, b. 13 Oct 1797; Joel, b. 17 July 1799; Jason, b. 3 May
1801, m. Susan A. C. Fales 28 Dee 1834, and d. in Wore 23 Oct. 1848;
Daniel (or David), b. 18 Mar. 1803, prob. d. at Boston (drowned) 19 Mar.
1829; Mary, b. 14 Jan. 1805, ni. Cyrus Chipman, pub. 14 Nov. 1825, and d.
at Barre 9 May 1864; Hosea, b. 27 Nov. 1806, d. 1 Feb. 1808; Melinda, b. 7
Nov. 1809, m. John Newland 31 July 1831. Shiverick the f. d. 5 June
1836. 4. Samuel, s. of Samuel (2), m. Hannah Clark 19 Jan. 1804, and had
Philena Clark, b. 8 Ap. 1801; Mary Clark, b. 26 May 1804; Hiram Kinsley,
b. 25 Oct. 1805 ; Lucinda Johnson, b. 23 Ap. 1807, m. Hiram Castle 29 Nov.
1832; Elvira Washburn, b. 1 Ja.n. 1809; Benjamin Clark, b. 2 May 1811, d.
at Barre 1 Mav 1843; Sarah Ann, b. 23 July 1813; Henry, b. 19 Ap. 1815;
Samuel, b. 25 Mar. 1817, d. at Barre 6 Nov. 1844; Seth, b. 15 May 1819;
Clarissa, twin, b. 30 Ap. 1821, m. Ira A. Barlow 25 Sep. 1842; Clarinda,
twin, b. 30 Ap. 1821, ra. Hirara Joyal 1 Dec. 1842; David, b. 21 Jan. 1823;
Joseph, b. 20 Jan. 1824, d. 26 Jan. 1844; Hosea, b. 11 Aug. 1825, d. 28 Ap.
1846; Caroline Elizabeth, b. 24 Aug. 1828, d. 24 July 1830. There is apparent
confusion in tbe early dates, indicating precocity ; but I copy the record as I
find it. Samuel the f. d. at Barre 14 Ap. 1864 ; his w. Hannah d. here 7
Feh. 1846, a. 63.
5. Aaron, s. of Samuel (2), ra. Nancy Barton 27 Jan. 1811, and had WU
liam, b. 16 Oct 1812; Lemira, b. 9 May 1814.
6. Thomas, s. of Samuel (2), ra. Susanna Stone of Dana, pub. 25 Mar. 1818,
and had Sophia Stone, b. 22 Ap. 1819; Thomas Alonzo, b. 23 June 1820; John
Stone, b. 19 Feb. 1822; Marcus Houghton, b. 14 Feb. 1824; Eleanor Adams,
b. 10 Sep. 1825; Horatio Dwight, b. 17 Aug. 1827, d. young; Persis Malvina,
b. 23 July 1829, ra. Reuben A. Snow, pub. 16 Nov. 1849; Horatio Dwight, b.
3 July 1831; Susanna Jane, b. 26 Feb. 1833; Julia Ann, b. 19 Oct. 1834;
Sarah Orinda, b. 2 Aug. 1836; Henry Harrison, b. 10 Feb. 1840. Thomas
the f. d. at Orange 25 Ap. 1868.
7. .Joel, s. of Shiverick (3), m. Maria WUUams 31 Dee 1826, and had
Frederick, b. 6 July 1827; Daniel, b. 19 Jan. 1829; Irene, b. 21 June 1830, d.
3 Feb. 1833: Emily Maria, h. 30 June 1832; Rufus Chase, b. 7 June 1834, d.
16 June 1837; Alfred L., h. about 1835, a physician, d. at Boston 3 Ap. 1876,
a. 40; Lydia P., b. about 1837, m. Richard C. Noyes, and d. at Wore 17 Ap.
1853, a. 16; Jason A., b. about 1844, a hairdresser, d. at Boston 19 Nov. 1874,
a. 30 ; Joel J, b. 4 May 1846. Joel the f. d. 15 Feb. 1848.
8. Thomas Alonzo, s. of Thomas (6), m. Alraira M. Andrews 25 Sep.
1844, and had George A., b.  1845, d. 25 Jan. 1846, a. 4 months; a daugh
ter, b. 27 Mar. 1847; Lucy Ann, b. 22 June 1852. m. Daniel Crossman of
Athol, 2 Sep. 1873; Frederick Alonzo, b. 2 Mar. 1855; Mary Almira, b. 28
July 1857; Lizzie Jane, b. 23 Aug. 1860, m. Frederick AV. Ward 18 Dec.
1879. 9. John Stone, s. of Thomas (6), by w. Sarah, had Elizabeth Field, b. 25
Sep. 1848.
Bethia, pub. to John Howard of Gr. 2 Feb. 1812. Lysander F., of
Pres., m. Mary Ann A. Paige, 20 May 1833. Prudence, ot Shutes., ra. Sira
eon Nye Atwood 6 June 1835. Celia, m. Williara Fay of Barre 19 Mar.
1842. Hastings, John, freeraan 1643, rem. frora Braintree to Carabridge about
1654. His first wife d. at Braintree and he m. Ann, wid. of John Meane of

HASTINGS. 393
Camb. His chil., all by first w., were Walter and Samuel, bap. in England,
and John and Elizabeth, bap. in Braintree. John the f. was a tanner, and d.
in Camb. 2 Dec. 1657; his w. Ann d. 25 Mar. 1666.
2. John, s. of John (1), m. Hannah Moore 1 Mar. 1656-6; she d. 10 June
1667, a. 24, and he m. Lydia, dau. of Elder Richard Champney, 20 May 1668;
she d. 23 Jan. 1690-91, a. about 47, and he m. Rebecca, wid. of Benoni Eaton,
28 Sep. 1691. His chil were : John, b. 17 Ap. 1667; Joseph, b. 6 May 1669 ;
Lydia, b. 30 Sep. 1671, m. Ebenezer Allen; Hannah, b. 13 Mar. 1672-3, d. 16
Ap. 1691; Elizabeth, b. 11 Ap. 1675, d. unm. — May 1727; Daniel, b. 3 Feb.
1676-7. John the f. res. in Cambridge, was a tanner, and d. about 1720.
3. Daniel, s. of John (2), m. Abigail Cooksey 13 Nov. 1701, and had Abi
gail, b. 9 and d. 27 Aug. 1702; Walter, b. 24 Mar. 1703-4; Abigail, bap. 19
May 1706; Daniel, h. 8 Jan. 1708-9; Sarah, bap. 9 May 1714, m. John Ami
don 14 July 1737. Daniel the t. was a blacksmith, rem. from Cambridge to
Marlborough before 6 June 1722; he was in Sudbury 1727, in Oxford 1732,
after which he rem. to Hk. with his son Walter, and d. 25 Jan. 1755.
4. Walter, s. of Daniel (3), m. Mary Thompson 1 Nov. 1733, and had in
Oxford Daniel, b. 23 Aug. 1734; Jacob, b. 9 Aug. 1737, ra. Mary Bangs 22
July 1762; Lydia, b. 31 July 1739, d. unra. 5 Jan. 1757; Martha, h. 19 Sep.
1741, d. young; and in Hardwick, John, b. — Sep. 1743; Martha, b. 9 Dee
1746, ra. Ebenezer Cobb 5 Oct 1780; Elizabeth, h. 11 Aug. 1748, m. Samuel
Hopkins 17 Dee 1778; Joseph, b. 27 Feb. 1750-1, d. 17 Aug. 1753; Jonathan,
b. 23 Oct 1752; Joseph, b. 4 June 1755, d. 21 Sep. 1756. Besides these, there
is a tradition that there were two daughters by a former wife, one of whom
m.  Partridge, and the other  Peacock. Walter the f . was a farmer,
rem. from Oxford to Hardwick before 21 June 1743, res. near Barre, at the
place marked " S. Jamerson " on the R. Map, and d. 6 July 1792, a. 88 ; his
w. Mary d. 25 June 1799, a. 87.
5. Daniel, s. of Walter (4), m. Submit Jordan of Rutland District
(Barre), pub. 22 July 1746, and had Theophilus, b. 25 Dee 1764 ; Jacob, b.
17 July 1767; Stephen, b. 7 Feb. 1771; Lucinda, b. 19 May 1773; and perhaps
others. 6. John, s. of Walter (4), m. Mehetabel Berry 11 Ap. 1779, and had Lem
uel, b. 13 Dec. 1779, d. at Saratoga Springs 23 Sep. 1801; Joseph, b. 16 Oct.
1781, manufacturer of ink in Cambridge, where he died ; Sophia, b. 27 Sep.
1783, m. Moses Lawrence, pub. 18 Sep. 1814; Anson, h. 6 Aug. 1785, d. at
Boston 14 Oct 1816; John, b. 24 Sep. 1787, ra. Ruth W. Newcorab 18 Sep.
1821; Lydia, b. 22 Ap. 1790, m. Seth Jamerson 3 Oct 1814; Mary, b. 20 June
1792, m. Daniel Cutter of Gr. 31 Oct 1839, and d. at Gardner 18 Aug. 1874;
Clark, b. 6 July 1794, d. 10 Sep. 1812. John the f. was a farraer, and res. on
the homestead. He was captain of militia, selectman four years, assessor four
years representative seven years, and justice of the peace. He d. 29 May
1829; his w. Mehetabel d. 15 Dec. 1836, a. 87.
7. Jonathan, s. of Walter (3), m. Hannah Shaw ot N. Sal. in 1778, and
had in Hk., Barnabas, b. 22 July 1780; Betsey, b. 3 Feb. 1782; a chUd b. 26
Mar. 1787 ; and at AVilraington, Vt., Polly, b. 3 Feb. 1789; Chauncy, b. 2 Jan.
1791; Hannah, b. 3 Oct 1793; Francis, b. 12 Feb. 1798. Jonathan tbe f.
was so deeply involved in tbe Shays Insurrection that he fled in 1787 to Wil
mington, A''t, where he d. 3 Oct 1822.^
8. Theophilus, s. of Daniel (5), m. Betsey Prince Ames of Barre 22 Dec.
1785. Some of his chil., gathered from various records, were: Betsey, b. 
1786, ra. Timothy P. Anderson 17 Oct 1811, and d. 25 Nov. 1868, a. 82; prob.
Anna, b.  , m. Sewell Marsh of Ware 11 May 1815; Arba; prob. Walter,
b.  , m. Mary Babbitt of Barre, pub. 27 May 1822; John Ames, h. 
1798, d. 29 June 1801, a. 3 ; prob. Hiram, b.  1801, d. 27 Dec. 1831, a. 30;
Harriet, b.  1805, m. William Frost 5 Feb. 1843, and d. 29 June 1845, a.
40; Barnabas, h.  1807, d. 9 May 1807, a. 3 months ; Henrietta, b. ¦ 
1 Tliis account of Jonathan Hastings was who grad. H. C. 1872, but d. of overwork the
furnished to me by James P. Eichardson of sarae year.
Portland, a young man of great promise.

39-4 HASTINGS -HATHAWAY.
1810, m. WUliam Frost 22 Sep. 1846. Theophilus the f. was a carpenter,
and res. on the Barre road, at the place erroneously marked " S. Hastings "on
the R. Map. Although by no raeans one of fortune's favorites, he had an ex
uberance ot animal spirits, and met the trials of life with cheerfulness; con
stantly fuU of fun and frolic, he would keep his company in a roar with his
flashes of merry wit. He d. 31 Oct. 1842, a. 81 ; his w. Betsey d. 14 Aug.
1844, a. 76.
9. Arba, s. of TheophUus (8), m. Laura Hunt of Barre, pub. 15 June 1818,
and had Martha M., b. about 1819, ra.  Gould, and d. at Ware 19 Ap.
1860, a. 31 ; Henry, b. about 1828, d. 31 Jan. 1833, a. 4; and prob. others.
Mrs. M. Minerva, ra. Sarason Ames 1 Dee 1866.
Hatch, Thomas, s. of Thomas of Scituate, " ra. Sarah, dau. of Rho-
dolphus Ellras, 1662, and had eleven chUdren born from 1664 to 1684."
Deane's Hist, of Scituate, p. 280. Thomas the t. d. 1686.
2. Rhodolp'hus, s. of Thomas (1), b. 26 Dec. 1674, by w. Elizabeth, had
John, b. 16 Dec. 1703, resided in Truro; Joseph, b. 19 May 1705, res. in
Falmouth ; Ezekiel (or Nathaniel), b.  1707, res. in Plyraouth; Mary, b.
24 July 1710, m.  Mayo; Sarah, b. 12 May 1713, m" Joshua Atwood;
Asa, b. 15 Aug. 1716. Rhodolphus the f. res. in Rochester, where his chil.
were born, but is described as ot Plymouth in the appointment of his admin
istratrix, 28 Mar. 1744.
3. Asa, s. of Rhodolphus (2), by w. Mary, had Asa, b.  ; Richard,
b.  . Asa the f. was a mariner, res. in Plymouth, and d. before 8 Mar.
1 746-6, when his w. Mary was appointed administratrix ; she m. Isaac
Thomas 12 May 1747, and rem. with her chil. to Hardwick, and d. between
22 Oct 1766 and 28 Feb. 1766.
4. Asa, s. of Asa (3), described as a mariner, res. in Hk., discharged his
late guardian, Edward Thomas of Pembroke, 28 May 1764 ; he m. Lucy, dau.
of Jonathan Warner, 23 Jan. 1766, and res. on the lot next north of the Uni
versalist raeeting-house. No record of children.
5. Richard, s. of Asa (3), a miUer in Hk., discharged his late guardian,
Edward Thoraas of Pembroke, 10 May 1766.
6. Samuel, s. of Walter and grandson of Elder WiUiara Hatch, all ot
Scituate, b. 22 Dec. 1653, in his will dated 13 June 1728, and proved 7 July
1735, mentions sons Ebenezer and Josiah, deceased, and Samuel, Isaac, Elisha,
and Ezekiel ; also dau. Desire, Hannah Tinkham, and Elizabeth Bonney.
7. Ezekiel, s. of Sarauel (6), by w. Ruth, had Ruth, b. 23 June 1719, m.
Ebenezer Hathaway of Dartmouth 10 Sep. 1741, and d. in Hk. 31 May 1789 ;
Mary, b. 29 Nov. 1721 ; Hannah, b. 29 Mar. 1724 ; /.vam/j, b. 11 Sep. 1729;
Lucy, b. 10 Sep. 1732; Sarah, b. 6 June 1736. Ezekiel the f. res. in
Rochester, and d. between 19 June 1765 and 14 July 1768, as appears by the
date and proof of his will.
8. Isaiah, s. of Ezekiel (7), m. Joanna, dau. of Nathaniel AA^hiteomb, 31
Jan. 1756, and prob. had in Rochester, before he rem. to Hk., Lois, b.  ,
m. Jesse Dunham 7 Oct. 1779 ; Molly, b.  , ra. Aaron Fay 19 Dec. 1782 ;
Noah, b. about 1760; Olive, b.  , m. Lot Jenney of Hartland 4 Aug.
1784 ; and in Hk., Lucy, b. 27 May 1774 ; Sarah, bap. 21 Mar. 1779. Isaiah
the f. was a farmer, and res. near the brook, on the southerly side of the road
running easterly frora the present residence of Mr. George Warner, marked
" Mr. Bolster" on the R. Map. He was selectman, 1781 and 1782, and re
raoved to AVestminster, prob. about 18 Ap. 1786, when he sold his farm to
Maj. Martin Kinsley.
9. Noah, s. of Isaiah (8), m. Jemima Cox 4 Feb. 1783, and had Ira. b.
13 Mar. 1784, d. 16 Oct 1786; 3Jolly, b. 3 July 1785; Isaiah, b. 28 Oct
1786. Noah the f. was a Revolutionary soldier, and was described as 20
years old, and of a ruddy complexion, in a descriptive roll dated in July
1780. He d. at Westminster about Feb. 1791, a. 31.
Hathaway, Arthur, "Marshfield 1643, ra., 20 Nov. 1652, Sarah Cook,
perhaps dau. of Rev. John, had John, b. 17 Sep. 1653, and Sarah, b. 28 Feb.
1656; ten years later was at Dartmouth, and took oath of fideUty 1684 there."

HATHAWAY. 395
Savage's Gen. Diet. In his wUl, 9 Feb. 1709-10, proved 6 Feb. 1711-12, he
naraes w. Sarah, and chil. John, Thomas, Mary Haramond, Lydia Sisson, and
Hannah Codman. Bristol Reg. Probate.
2. John, ». of Arthur (1), ra. Joanna Pope 5 Mar. 1682-3 ; she d. 25 Dec.
1695, and he ra. Patience  29 Sep. 1696. His chil. were : Sarah, h. 24 Feb.
1683-4, ra. John Cannon 11 Oct 1709; Joanna, b. 28 Jan. 1685-6, ra. 
BlackweU; John, b. 18 Mar. 1687-8; Arthur, b. 3 Ap. 1690; Hannah,b. 16
Feb. 1692, m.  Prower ; Mary, b. 4 June 1694, m.  Douglass; Jona
than, b. 23 June 1697 ; Richard, b. 21 May 1699 ; Thomas, b. 5 Feb. 1700-1 ;
HunnewelL b 21 Ap. 1703 ; Abiah (son), b. 21 Oct. 1 705 ; Elizabeth, b. 6 May
1708 ; Patience, b. 27 Ap. 1710, m.  Peckham ; Benjamin, b. 10 Jan. 1712;
James,h. 24 Jan. 1713-14; Ebenezer, b. 12 May 1717. John thef. res. in
Dartmouth and d. between 11 July and 15 Aug. 1732, when his w. Patience
and all his children, except Thomas, were living and named in his will.
3. Ebenezer, s. of John (2), m. Ruth Hatch 10 Sep. 1741, and had
Lucy, b. 17 Ap. 1742 ; Samuel, h. 9 Dec. 1744 ; James, b. 9 July 1747 ;
Ebenezer, b. 6 Sep. 1749 ; Abiah, b. 7 July 1751 ; Ruth, b. 13 Ap. 1754 ;
Timothy, b. 24 Mar. 1756. Ebenezer the f. res. in Dartmouth, and d. prob.
not long before 10 Sep. 1759, when the inventory of his estate was filed in
the Probate Office. His w. Ruth rem. to Hk. with her son Timothy, and d.
31 May 1789.
4. Timothy, s. of Ebenezer (3), m. Rhoda, dau. ot Isaac Clark, 23
Sep. 1784, and had Lucy,^ b. 7 Aug. 1785, taught school many years, ra.
Dr. Cyrus Washburn of Vernon, Vt, pub. 24 Sep. 1827, and d. about 1850 ;
Ebenezer, b. 13 Aug. 1787, d. — 1822, leaving a daughter Ann ; Susan,b.
16 May 1790; ni. Ira Ruggles 18 Jan. 1825, and d. in Iowa ; Timothy, b. 27
Mar. 1794, m. Harriet  • (who d. 1850, a. 55), was an auctioneer in
Boston, but returned to Hk., and d. 19 Mar. 1836, leaving one son, Jaraes E.,
who d. at West Townsend, Vt., 10 Jan. 1882, a. 57 years, 9 months, and 10
days ; Alvah, b. 1 Sep. 1796, m. Susan A. Parker 13 Sep. 1824, res. here and
in Barre, and afterwards several years in Boston, where he d. 19 Nov. 1877,
leaving widow and sons and daughters: Ruth, b. 5 June 1800, m. Grover
Spooner 28 May 1829 and res. in Barre ; Rhoda, b. 9 Nov. 1802, m. Crighton
Ruggles 30 Ap. 1820, rem. to Barre, where she d. 2 Nov. 1879. Timothy
the f. was a shoemaker and farmer, rem. about 1777 from Dartmouth to Hard
wick, resided on the Petershara road, at the place marked " T. Hathaway "
on the R. Map, and closed his long life 31 Aug. 1849, a. 93 ; his w. Rhoda d.
27 Oct 1838, a. 76. AU the sons in this family taught music ; and aU the
daughters (especially the eldest) were famous singers in the church.
5. Jeremiah, lineage not ascertained, by w. Lettice, had several chil.
whose birth is not found on record, but other traces ot them appear ; araong
them were Samuel, b. about 1784; Lettice, b. about 1786, m. Marshall John
son 1 Jan. 1811, and d. 3 Mar. 1859, a. 72 ; Jeremiah, b.  1788 ; prob.
SaUy, b.  , m. WiUiam Eaton 5 Dec. 1811 ; Celia W., b.  , m.
Shiverick Weeks 26 Nov. 1821; William, b.  1794, d. 20 Mar. 1795, a.
1 year; John, b. 22 May 1797; and Eliza, h.  , ra. John B. Bond of
Wore 13 Nov. 1834. Jeremiah the f. res. near Enfield, at the place
marked " J. Hathaway " on the R. Map ; his w. Lettice d. 20 Aug. 1830, a.
66, and he m. Mrs. Sarah GUbert of Ware, pub. 28 Dee 1831. He d. 29
Mar. 1835, a. 78.
6. Samuel, s. of Jeremiah (5), m. Fanny, dau. of Isaac Clark, 17 Oct
1805 ; she d. 6 Nov. 1809, and he m. Ruth, dau. of Maj. Seth Hinkley, 15
Mar. 1810. His chil. were: Henry, b.  , d. 28 Ap. 1809, a. 1 year and
5 inonths; Fanny Clark, b. 19 Oct. 1810 ; Henry,b. 21 Ap. 1813; Isabella, b. 6
May 1815 ; and others born in Worcester. Samuel the f. was a shoemaker,
and res. at the northerly end of the Common, at the place marked " Wid.
Paige " on the R. Map; he rem. to Wore about 1815, and erected a hotel
on Washington Square, which he successfully conducted several years ; He d.
between 14 Dec. 1830 and 5 Sep. 1831; his w. Ruth d. 8 Mar. 1859, a. 68.
1 Miss Lucy Hathaway is affectionately school, by whom for several years my eariy
remembered by me as my first teacher at love of books was fostered and encouraged.

396 HATHAWAY- HEDGE.
7. Jeremiah, s. of Jeremiah (5), m. Sarah Gilbert of Ware, and had
Abby, b.  , d. 10 Aug. 1815, a. 3 years and 4 months; Charles, b.  ;
and perhaps others. Jeremiah the f. d. 29 Nov. 1836, a. 48 ; his w. Sarah
d. at Ware 9 June 1874, a. 80.
8. John, s. of Jeremiah (5), m. Claramond Winslow, pub. 10 Nov. 1823:
she d. 27 Ap. 1834, and he m. Mary A. Howes ot Boston 30 May 1837. His
chil. by first wife were : a child b.  , d. 14 Ap. 1828; Francis Ebenezer,
b. 9 Mar. 1829; Catherine Elizabeth, b. 18 Feb. 1833. John the f. rem. to
Enf. and afterwards to East Harapton, where he died 4 Ap. 1873.
9. Charles, s. of Jeremiah (7), ra. Mary A., dau. of Giles Warner, 24 Ap.
1845 ; she d. 28 Nov. 1847, a. 23.
Caroline, m. Tilly Mead, pub. 30 Ap. 1822. Richard L., m. Alma
Ruggles, pub. 29 Mar. 1846. Gardner, m. Levina Taylor, pub. 26 Aug.
1855. Hayford, Samuel, of Hk., ra. Bathsheba Tinkham of Halifax 1 Mar.
1776. He d. and she m. Samuel Work of Leicester, 3 May 1783.
Mercy, ra. SUas Wright 15 Feb. 1781.
Hazeltine, Simeon, prob. s. of Daniel (who d. in Uxbridge between 25
May and 18 Aug. 1747), was here as early as 1758, when he was a soldier in
the French AVar, at the age of twenty years. He shared largely in the vicis
situdes of life. The town voted, 6 Mar. 1764, " to release to Paul Dean Sim
eon Hazeltine's rate, coraraitted to hira to collect, it he never coraes in his
reach again." He returned, however, bought a farm 9 Dec. 1771, and in 1774
was elected captain of the minute-raen, whom he led to the field on the mem
orable 19th of April 1775. In 1787 he was so deeply involved in the Shays
Rebellion that he left Hardwick permanently, and retired to Sandgate, Vt.,
which town he represented in the General Assembly in 1794. Nothing is
found on record concerning his family.
Hedge, Elisha, of Shrewsbury, "m. Martha, dau. of Daniel Johnson
ot Marlboro', Dec. 30, 1728, admitted to the church here [Shrewsbury] in 1736
from the New North Church in Boston. . . . ChU. : Josiah, bap. July 12, 1730,
and d. in 1733; Samuel, bap. May 14, 1732; Lemuel, bap. July 7, 1734."
Ward's Hist, of Shrewsbury, p. 326. Besides these were Elisha, b.  , and
Martha, b.  , ra. Joseph Robinson of New Rutland (now Barre), pub. 7 July
1753. His w. Martha d.  , and he m. Mrs. Elizabeth Stratton of Marlb.,
pub. 4 Nov. 1765, who appears to have left him, before his death, and re
turned to her former home. Elisha the f. did not confine himselt to a single
place of residence or a single branch ot business. He was dismissed from tbe
ch. in Shrewsbury in 1740 to the ch. in Worcester; he bought 280 acres of
land in Hk. 1745, and a year afterwards 300 acres raore adjoining Rutland
(now Barre), " lying on both sides of Moose Brook," and not long afterwards
became a resident; he was in Marlborough frora 1766 to 1769, but returned to
Hk. In various documents he is styled taylor, 1745; shop-keeper, 1761;
trader, 1765, and gentleraan, 1767. He served also as commissary in the
French AVar, 1756. He d. in Barre; Samuel H. Robinson was appointed ad
ministrator, and presented an inventory 20 Jan. 1789.
2. Elisha, s. of Elisha (1), by w. Deliverance, had John, b. 12 Oct 1751;
Mary, b. 4 Mar. 1753; Solomon, b. 3 Mar. 1765, m. Dorcas Smith 8 Mar.
1781 ; Asa, b. 9 June 1756, ra. Miriam Dexter 31 May 1780 ; Daniel, b. 7 Feb.
1758; Samuel, b. 19 Dec. 1760. Elisha the f., it is said, was not a brilliant
man; yet he rendered good service to bis country, tor he was a soldier in the
French War ; and in the War of the Revolution he served in the army, with
three of his sons, John, Solomon, and Asa. The date of his death does not
appear; his w. DeUverance d. 4 June 1819, a. 93, having for many years re
ceived aid from the public.
3. Samuel, s. of Elisha (1), gave his lite for his country, in tbe French
War; he was a corporal in the company comraanded by Capt. ^VUliam Paige,
from 1 Ap. to 11 Sep. 1760, on which day he probably died, as the word
" dyed" was attached to his name; his pay-roU was made up to that date,
and his successor in office was appointed the next day afterwards.

HEDGE — HIGGINS. 397
4. Lemuel, s. ot Elisha (1), ra. Sarah, dau. of Rev. David White, 5 Nov.
1761, and had Lemuel, b.  , grad. H. C. 1784, devoted himself to the busi
ness of school-teaching; Levi, b. 19 Ap. 1766, grad. H. C. 1792, in which he
was tutor 15 years, and professor 22 years; he d. at Cambridge 3 Jan. 1844;
Abraham, b.  , a physician in Windsor, "Vt, d. 26 Ap. 1809, a. 38; Samuel,
b.  , also res. in Windsor; he had also daughters Sarah; Susan, ra. Josiah
Dunham; Luthera, m. Prot. Daniel Chipihan ; and perhaps others. Lemuel
the f. grad. H. C. 1759, was ordained pastor of the church in Warwick 3 Dee
1760. "After a rainistry of nearly 17 years, Mr. Hedge died at Hardwick,
Oct 17, 1777, in the 44"' year ot his age. Mr. Hedge was a Tory in the Rev
olution, or strongly suspected to be such. On the 6"" of March, 1775, the in
habitants voted to disarra him and confine him to the town. He was perse
cuted most remorselessly." Hist, of Western Mass., ii. 447. I find no record
of his death in Hardwick; and it seems probable that he was buried in War
wick, where a raonument was erected to his memory, bearing an inscription
which was copied for me by Rev. John Goldsbury, formerly pastor of the
church in Hardwick : " In private life he was cheerful, exeraplary, and benevo
lent. In his ministerial character, faithful, solemn, and instructive. In full
belief o£ the truths he preached to others, he fell asleep in Jesus, with the
Christian hope of rising again to eternal Ufe." His w. Sarah survived hira,
and is said to have d. in Middlebury, Vt, in 1808.
5. John, s. of Elisha (2), m. Mary Haskell 7 Sep. 1777, and was prob.
father of Sally, who long had the care of her aged " grandmother Deliverance
Hedge," and who died unm. 15 Ap. 1841; her age was probably 62 years,
although the town record indicates 72.
Sally, ra. Moses Fay 24 Feb. 1788.
Higgins, Elisha, by w. Hannah, had Joseph, b.  ; Uriah, h. 24 May
1742; be prob. had also Edward, b.  ; Abiel, b.  , m. Ebenezer Saf
ford 24 Nov. 1759; Abigail, b.  , m. Siraon Giffin 24 Mar. 1761 ; and per
haps others. Elisha the f. rem. prob. from Palmer to Hardwick, and be
came a member of the church 16 Jan. 1742-3.
2. Jonathan, perhaps brother ot Elisha (1), by w. Rachel, had Jonathan,
b. 20 Ap. 1736; Lurania, b. 9 June 1738; Henry, b. 27 Dec. 1740, d. young
Henry, b. 24 July 1743; Bethiah, b. 26 Mar. 1746; Joshua, bap. 18 Sep. 1748
Rachel, bap. 19 May 1751, m. Andrew Harwood of Ware, pub. 3 Feb. 1771
Philip, bap. 13 Jan. 1754.
3. Joseph, s. of Elisha (1), m. Anna Hooker, pub. 6 Mar. 1756, and had
Joseph, b. 6 Sep. 1760; Charles, b. 29 Aug. 1762; Anna, b. 5 July 1764; Pal
atine, b. 18 May 1766.
4. Uriah, s. of EUsha (1), m. Esther Cooley of Gr., pub. 7 Ap. 1763, and
had SybU, b. 30 Dec. 1763; AbigaU, b. 21 Dec. 1765; David, b. 24 Sep. 1767;
Caleb, b. 2 June 1770; Uriah, b. 10 Ap. 1772; Frederick (or Shadrach, as in
the record of baptisms), b. 31 July 1774; Alpheus, b. 14 Sep. 1776; Hadassah,
b. 6 Nov. 1778; Lewis (Zenas in rec. ot baptism), b. 9 Sep. 1780; Shady
(Shadrach f), b. 17 Feb. 1783.
5. Edward, prob. s. of Elisha (1), m. Thankful Rice, 17 Oct 1764, and
had Solomon, b. 1 Mar. 1765; Anna, b. 1 May 1779; Mercy, b. 26 June 1781;
and prob. others. Edward the t. joined the Hk. church 10 Aug. 1752, res. in
Palmer at the time of his marriage, but returned very soon to Hk.
6. Henry, s. of Jonathan (2), m. Mary Fisk 9 Nov. 1768, and had Mary,
b. about 1771, m. Enoch Thayer, and d. at Amh. 15 Ap. 1860, a. 89; Henry,
b. 27 July 1779; Rachel, b. about 1782, d. unm. 30 Mar. 1858, a. nearly 76;
and prob. others. Henry the f. was a deacon of the Baptist church, res.
near the line between Hk. and Enfield, at the place raarked " Dea. Higgins"
on the R. Map, and d. 16 Mar. 1837, a. 94 ; his w. Mary d. 7 Feb. 1821, a. 71 ;
they and their dau. Rachel were buried in the cemetery near the place where
the Baptist meeting-house formerly stood.
7. Henry, s. of Henry (6), m. Olla (Olive?) Metcalf of Royalston (b. 9
June 1789), pub. 19 Sep. 1813, and had Henry Melville, b. 22 Oct 1814; Olla
Metcalf, b. 8 Ap. 1816; Sarah Luthera, b. 11 Jan. 1818; Whitman Fisk, b. 26

398 HIGGINS— HINKLEY.
Feb. 1821 ; Lurania Maria, b. 12 Dee 1822; Elon Galusha, b. 11 May 1825,
m. Lucy M. Graves of AVorcester, pub. 31 Jan. 1845. Henry the f. rem. to
Ware, where he d. 21 Feb. 1860 ; his w. d. also at Ware 19 Aug. 1866.
8. Alvah M., parentao-e not ascertained, by w. Sarah J., had Mary, b. 25
Aug. 1845 ; Henry A., b.  1847, d. 19 Nov. 1850, a. 3; Abby A., b. 13
Nov. 1854, d. 16 Jan. 1855.
9. AVilliam, by w. Ellen, had John, b. 14 Sep. 1863, m. Catherine Connor
of Ware 3 Aug. 1872; Lucy, b. 30 Jan. 1855; Jeremiah, b. 13 July 1856, d.
27 Oct 1856; WiUiam, b. 4 Feb. 1859, d. 14 Aug. 1859; Bridget, b. 29 Dee
1861, d. 18 Mar. 1863. His w. Ellen d. 29 Jan. 1871, and he ra. Mary Sul
livan 9 Feb. 1873.
10. Michael, by w. Ann, had Michael, b. 16 June 1867.
11. Thomas, by w. Winifred, had Patrick, b. 29 Mar. 1858; Dominick, b.
12 Oct 1861; Michael, b. 19 Feb. 1864.
12. Timothy, by w. Mary, had John, b. 31 Aug. 1858.
Hildreth, Isaac, Jr., by w. Esther, had Isaac, b. 5 Dec. 1750.
Hii.LMAN, Stephen, of Dana, m. Chloe Barnes 7 Mar. 1820, and rem. to
Hardwick, where his w. Chloe d. 28 June 1881 , a. 82. No record found of
children. 2. Stephen P., prob. s. of Stephen (1), m. Alraa Maria Newcomb 4 Dec.
1861, and had Joseph, b. 17 Ap. 1855, m. S. Alice Gould 3 May 1882; a dau.
b. 25 Nov. 1858; Charles Dexter, b. 9 May 1860; John Newcomb, b. 12 May
1864. Hinds, Enoch, by w. Elizabeth, had Abner, Solomon, and a dau., all bap. in
Oct 1742; Enoch, bap. 5 June 1743.
2. Nehemiah, by w. Sarah, had Sarah, hap. 25 July 1747 ; Abigail, bap. 1
Aug. 1756; Moses, bap. 27 Mar. 1767.
Hinkley, Thomas, prob. grandson of Governor Thoraas Hinkley, ra. Ruth,
dau. of Nathaniel Merrick, 31 Mar. 1730, and had .Se^A, b. 2 Sep. 1730; Thomas,
b. 22 July 1731; Nathaniel, b. 25 June 1738; prob. Mercy, b. about 1744, m.
Job Dexter 17 July 1766; and perhaps others. Thomas the f. res. in Har
wich, and was living in 1747.
2. Seth, b. of Thoraas (1), m. Sarah, dau. of Judah Berry ot Harwich, 2
Feb. 1755, and had Samuel, b. 16 May 1757 ; Seth, b. 21 June 1759 ; Judah, b.
15 Dec. 1761 ; Rebecca, b. 15 Feb. 1764, in. Jonathan Childs of Barre 3 Feb.
1785; Mark, b. 14 Ap. 1766; Ruth, b. 22 Ap. 1768 ; Scottoway, b. 10 Ap. 1771,
a physician, res. in Vernon, Conn. ; Barnabas, b. 23 Jan. 17 73. Seth the f.
was a cordwainer, and prob. rem. here immediately after his marriage; he res.
on tbe Barre road, at the place marked " S. Hinkley" on the R. Map, and d.
21 Ap. 1797, when all his chil. were living, except Mark and Ruth; his w.
Sarah d. at the house ot her son Samuel, 18 Ap. 1813, a. 81, after enduring the
"shaking palsy" many years.
3. Samuel, s. of Seth (2), m. Tabitha, wid. of Dr. Charles Doolittle, pub. 27
May 1787; she d. s. p. Sep. 26 Dee 1816, a. 69, and he m. Ann, wid. of Robert
M. Peck, and dau. of Hon. Joseph Allen of Worcester, 18 Mar. 1817, bv whom
he had Samuel Allen, h. 4 Sep. 1820. Samuel the f. was a cordwainer, and
res. at the north end of the Comraon, at the place raarked " S. Hinkley " on the
R. M.-ip. After raiddle life he devoted raost ot his time to official duties; for
many years he was a deputy sheriff and a famous detective; he was also select
man eleven years, assessor two years, and town clerk seventeen years. He
was a useful and honored citizen, and d. in a good old age, 19 Jan. 1849, a.
nearly 92 ; his w. Ann d. 29 June 1828, a. 49.
4. Seth, s. of Seth (2), m. his cousin Lydia, dau. of Lemuel Berry of
Brewster, 12 May 1782, and had Zenas, b. 3 Feb. 1783, d. 17 Mar. 1786; Isa
bella, b. 3 Dec. 1784, ra. Chauncy Doty 4 Mar. 1804; he d. 2 Sep. 1804, and
she m. Josiah Stockwell; she d. at Vineland, N. J., 9 Aug. 1879 ; Arathusa, b.
5 Nov. 1786, in. liarmon Chamberlain, pub. 27 Ap. 1806, °and d. 20 Dee 1872;
Lydia, b. 7 Sep. 1788, ra. Otis Shurtleff 14 Feb. 1810, and d. at Wore 17 Oct
1858; Ruth, b. 16 July 1790, m. Samuel Hathaway 15 Mar. 1810, andd. 8
Mar. 1859; Abigail, b.  1792, d. 19 June 1796, a. 4; Rebecca Berry, h.

HINKLEY — HOLDEN. 399
 1794, d. 3 Jan. 1796, a. 1 year and 7 raonths; Hiram, b. 13 Oct 1798,
res. and d. in Bucksport, Me.; Harrington, b. 7 Sep. 1804, res. in Bucksport,
Me., and in Boston. Seth the f. was a mason, but rauch engaged in public
aifairs ; he was major of railitia, coroner, selectman two years, and assessor
four years; his w. Lydia d. 27 Aug. 1805, a. 45, not long after which he rem.
from Hardwick, and d. at AA''orc. 30 Ap. 1851, a. nearly 92.
5. Judah, s. of Seth (2), m. Sally, dau. ot Timothy Riisgles, Jr., and gr.
dau. of Gen. Timothy Ruggles, 15 Dec. 1786. He res. in Barre, where he d. '
between 7 Jan. and 6 Ap. 1819; in his wUl are raentioned his w. Sally, and
chil. Harriet, w. of Moses Boyden, Mark, Melatiah Bourne, Judah, Samuel,
Simeon Dwight, Barnabas, Rufus, Fanny, SaUy, Timothy Ruggles.
6. Barnabas, s. of Seth (2), ra. Mary, dau. of Daniel Billings, 8 Oct. 1797,
and had Seth, h. 24 June 1798 ; Daniel B., b. 13 Sep. 1800, m. Mary Ann Gor
ham, pub. 8 Ap. 1830, extensively and successfully engaged in the manufacture
of iron in Maine ; Mary, b. 24 Jan. 1803, ra. Daniel AVheeler 2d, pub. 5 Nov.
1826 ; SaUy, b.  1S06, d. 11 Dec. 1810, a. 4. Barnabas the f. res. on the
homestead, was an ensign ot miUtia, and d. 2 Mar. 1807 ; bis w. Mary ra. Luther
Paige 4 Sep. 1816, and d. at Bangor, Me., 11 Mar. 1849, a. 77.
7. Samuel Allen, s. of Sarauel (3), by w. Cordelia, had Rosilla Adeline,
h. 15 May 1843; Ellen .1/., b. at Hartford about 1846, d. here 3 Aug. 1848, a.
1 year and 6 raonths. Samuel A. the f. rem. to Rockingham, Vt
8. Seth, s. of Barnabas (6), ra. Antis Gorham of Barre, pub. 25 Aug. 1822,
and had several chil., whose names are not found on record. He res. on the
homestead, and d. 30 Dec. 1836; his w. Antis d. 5 Nov. 1851, a. 49; their
chil. (or most of thera) res. in California.
Priscilla, m. Moses HaskeU, Jr., 12 Jan. 1780. Abigail, ot Brk., m.
Capt. Seth Peirce 19 Jan. 179 7.
Hitchcock, Pelatiah, ra. Hannah, dau. of Gen. Jonathan AVarner 17
July 1791, and had George Augustus, b. 28 Ap. 1792; Henry, b. 7 May 1800,
an upright and successful merchant in Boston, resided at Jaraaica Plain, where
he d. 30 Oct. 1880. Pelatiah the f. was b. at Brookfield, grad. H. C. 1785,
and soon after commenced the practice of law in Hardwick. His brilliant
talents gave promise of success, and his flashes of wit, as well as his words ot
wisdom, still survive in tradition.^ His ardent hopes, however, were not real
ized, and he returned to his native town, where, after experiencing his full
share of the trials and troubles of lite, he d. 28 Ap. 1851, a. 86.
2. Charles F., a merchant, and assistant postmaster at Gilbertville, by w.
Hannah, had William King, h. 26 July 1865; Anna Minerva, b. 6 June 1870,
d. 25 Jan. 1879.
Clarence, of Springf., ra. Laura G. Wetherell 23 May 1872.
Hodges, Ephraim, ra. Catherine Johnson 25 Nov. 1779, and had Ephraim,
b. 5 June 1780.
2. Edmund, was a captain of railitia, and went with a part of his corapany
to the northern frontier in July 1777, when Bennington was threatened; he
was also a lieutenant in a previous campaign. No record is found of his faraily.
He rera. to Barnard, Vt., and was one of the assessors elected at the organiza
tion of that town 9 Ap. 1778, and representative the sarae year.
Abraham, Jr., ra. Triphena Sraith of Dana, pub. 25 Dec. 1815.
Holden, Tho.mas, ra. Ruth Baker 21 Mar. 1751; and, on the same day,
Abigail, m. Josiah Bacon.
1 Under the provisions of the old law, he argument, Mr. Hitchcock uttered some ex-
was at Worcester, confined to the "jail lira- pression bordering on profanity. Instantly
its," for debt. A stranger, entering the perceiving that his language was offensive,
apartment where he was sitting, inquired hegravely addressed Dr. Gi-iffin, whose noble
if he was the jailor: "No sir," he replied, stature towered, head and shoulders, above
"I am the jailee." At another time, in his own: "I ought not to have used such
Brookfield, he had a chance interview with words; I ask your pardon; anil it I need
the Eev. Dr. Griffin. Though entire stran- pardon from a higher source, 1 beg you to
gers to each other, Ihey became deeply in- ask it for me, as you are much nearer heaven
terested in conversation on literary and sci- than I am."
entific subjects. At length, in the heat of

400 HOLMES — HOWARD.
Holmes, Philip, m. Ann Powers of Gr., pub. 22 Nov. 1772. James, m.
Prudence Gibbs of Gr. 31 Oct. 1784.
Holt, Thomas, m. Sarah, dau. of Rev. Ebenezer Chaplin ot Sutton, 5 May
1796, and had Mary Chaplin, twin, b. 19 Sep. 1797, ra. Dwight Marsh 4 Nov.
1817, and d. 20 Ap. 1866; Sarah Chaplin, twin, b. 19 Sep. 1797, d. unm. 13
July 1848; Thomas Russell, b. 30 June 1799, studied law, settled in Connecti
cut, but soon disappeared, and his subsequent history is unknown; Ann Tyler,
b. 15 Feb. 1801, d. unm. at Athol, 11 Jan. 1869; Daniel Leander, b. 4 Nov.
1802, ra. Sophronia Briggs of Athol, pub. 11 June 1840; through lack of skiU
and energy he becarae a public charge, and d. at Athol 28 Ap. 1876; Fidelia
Morse, b. 9 Sep. 1804, d. 3 Jan. 1806; John Jay, b. 2 Nov. 1805, d. unra. 10
Jan. 1832 ; he was the flower of the faraily, and raany bright hopes were blasted
by his early death. Thomas the f., son of Daniel and Mary, was b. at Meri
den, Conn., 9 Nov. 1762, grad. Y. C. 1784, ordained at Hardwick 25 June
1789, dismissed 27 Mar. 1805, installed at Chebacco (a parish in Ipswich, now
the town of Essex) 25 Jan. 1809, dismissed 20 Ap. 1813, returned to Hard
wick labored in various places as a missionary, and cultivated his farm; he d.
21 Feb. 1836; bis w. Sarah d. 4 July 1864, a. 84.
Hopkins, Samuel, ra. Elizabeth, dau. of Walter Hastings, 17 Dec. 1778,
and had Moses, b. 4 Sep. 1779; Abiathar, b. 14 July 1781, grad. D. C. 1806, a
lawyer in Harrisburg, Pa., d.unra., while on a visit at Petershara, 27 Sep. 1821;
Alinda, b. 8 Feb. 1784, ra. Timothy Billings, pub. 10 Nov. 1805, d. 6 Aug.
1832; Thirza,b. iM.ay 1786, ra. James Paige of Boston 8 July 1810, d. at Med-
ford 17 Feb. 1870; Henrietta, h. 16 July 1788, d. unm. at Boston 3 May 1854;
Betsey, b. 22 July 1790, m. Thomas Hapgood of Petersham 3 Feb. 1818; he d.
and she ra. Hon. Williara Gates of Lunenburg, Vt; 28 Jan. 1829. Samuel
the f. rem. fr. Hk. to Pet. soon after 1781, where he subsequently resided.
Sarah, m. Constant Merrick, Jr., 18 Mar. 1781.
Howard, Nehemiah (otherwise written Hayward and Heywood), m. Han
nah Wilder of Hingham — Dec. 1772, and bad Hannah, b. 4 Mar. 1776, m.
Joseph Freeman of Ware 26 Sep. 1796; Ruth, b. 5 Jan. 1777; Celia, b. 20 Sep.
1778, m. SUas Johnson 24 Feb. 1799; Nancy, b. 6 Nov. 1780, d. unm. 30 May
1859; Tamazine,b. 20 Ap. 1782; Pyam, b. 4 Feb. 1784; Emma, b. 22 Dee
1785 ; Nehemiah, b. 8 Feb. 1788; Roxana, b. 1 Jan. 1790; Calista, b. 12 Oct
1791 ; Edward Wilder, b. 1 Nov. 1793; Rowena, b. 22 Sep. 1796. Nehemiah
the f. rem. to Enfield.
2. Carey, s. of Carey, ra. Fanny, dau. of George Field, 26 Nov. 1813, and
had Eleuthera Field, b. 11 Nov. 1814, m. Zeba Howard of Easton 21 June 1836;
Charlotte, b.  , d. 5 June 1816, a. 4 months; Prudence Whipple, b. 
1817, bap. 30 Nov. 1819, ra. Rev. Dana GoodseU of East Haven, Conn., 12
Jan. 1841, d. 6 or 8 Sep. 1847, a. 30, and was buried here in tbe new ceraetery;
Catherine, bap. 30 Nov. 1819, m. Martin L.Brett of Easton 12 Jan. 1841;
George C, b.  1823. Carey the f. res. on the road to GilbertvUle, at the
place marked " Wid. Howard " on the R. Map; he d. 8 Ap. 1823, a. 35; his
w. Fanny d. in Easton — Nov. 1865, a. 80.
3. George C, s. of Carey (2), m. Eliza J., dau. of Capt John Lawton, 16
May 1850, and had Mary Catherine, b. 6 Mar. 1851, m. John A. Nutter of
Montreal 2 Mar. 1876 ; Eliza Jane, b. 28 Feb. 1853, ra. Frank M. Rice 6 Feb.
1879; Dwight Field, b. 3 Jan. 1856, m. Harriet J. Newton 15 Jan. 1883;
George C, b. 21 Sep. 1868; Anna, b. 28 Feb. 1862; William Henry, b. 25
Aug. 1864, d. 26 Aug. 1866 ; Mattie Sanford, b. 28 Aug. 1867 ; Prudence Good-
sell, b. 29 June 1871. George C. tbe f. res. on the homestead.
4. Clinton, of Sturbridge, m. Maria, dau. of Lemuel Ruggles, 20 June
1858, and had Marion Lucretia, b. 28 May 1859; Arthur Clinton, b. 26 Oct.
1861; Franklin S., b. 10 Jan. 1864, d. 19 May 1865. Clinton the f. rem. to
Hk. about the time of his marriage, was a farmer, res. on the Moose Brook
road near tbe Old Furnace, at the place marked " D. BUlings " on the R Mao
and d. 8 Feb. 1876, a. 60; his w. Maria d. 13 May 1877, a. 51. '
Benjamin, bro. of Carey (2), ra. Barbara Baker 19 Mar.'l 809. Thomp
son, bro. of Carey (2), ni. Irene Sumner 25 July 1816. John Heywood a
State pauper, d. 30 July 1812, a. 65. '

HOWE — HUNT. 401
Howe, Thomas, m. Sarah Corlie — Feb. 1737-8, and had Joseph, h. 22
July 1739; Mary, h. 15 Sep. 1743 ; Hannah, b. 16 Sep. 1745 ; Martha, b. 9
June 1 748.
2. Samuel, of Rutland, m. Hannah Sraith 29 May 1739, and had Benjamin,
bap. 29 Aug. 1742; Sylvanus, bap. — Mar. 1743 ; Elizabeth, bap. 1 June 1746-
Estes, bap. 27 Sep. 1747; and in Rut. Sarah, Moses, and Hannah. Samuel
the t. was s. ot Moses and Eunice, and was the first male white child born iu
Rutland, 23 Sep. 1719; his parents had previously rera. to Rut. from Brk. He
"was an active and useful citizen while at Rut., went into the war in 1755, and
in 1759 was one of the committee to build the meeting-house, after which he
moved to Belchertown, and was respectable and wealthy." Reed's Hist, of
Rutland, p. 127. The author of this Hist, of Rut. represents all the chil. in this
family to have been born there ; but the first four were baptized here, and
were prob. born here.
3. Artemas, of N. Br., m. (his second wife) Susanna, dau. ot Gen. Jona
than Warner, 16 Feb. 1786, and in October of the same year was appointed as
his aid-de-camp, thus superseding Major Martin Kinsley.
4. Lewis, s. ot Artemas (3), by first wife, m. Sarah, dau. ot Jo.seph Robin
son, pub. 21 Aug. 1808, and had an infant, b.  , d. 16 Aug. 1809; an infant,
b.  , d. 11 Nov. 1811 ; Lucy Ruggles, b. 28 May 1813 (or 20 May 1814), d.
unm. 4 Mar. 1835. Lewis the f. res. on the old Warner homestead (now
owned by Mr. Frazier Paige), in the centre ot the town, and managed both the
farm and the tavern; he d. 23 May 1814, a. 37, and his w. Sarah m. Hon.
John M. Niles of Harttord 17 June 1824.
Jonah, m. Betsey White 21 Sep. 1812. George L., m. Ann M. Rutledge
of Wore, pub. 18 June 1846.
Hoyt, Isaac H., of Brookfield, ra. Melita Bonney 27 May 1846, and had,
in Hk., Isaac Harvey, b. 23 Aug. 1848, d. 25 Jan. 1850 ; Emily Jane, b. 12
June 1852.
Hubbard, Chester, of Terapleton, m. Mary R., dau. of Cyrus Danforth,
pub. 3 Feb. 1844, and had, in Hk., Joseph Reuben, b. 23 Nov. 1846. Ches
ter the f. d. at Keokuk, Iowa, 29 June 1861, a. 45; his monument stands very
near the northerly gate of the new ceraetery in Hardwick.
Hudson, Sarah, of AVare, ra. Nathaniel Perry, Jr., pub. 22 Nov. 1807.
Celia, dau. of EU, m. Apollos Fay 7 July 1817. Olive, m. WiUiam AVinter
5 June 1831. Sarah, wid. of Eli, d. 2 Mar. 1846, a. 92.
Hunt, John, s. of Isaac of Sudbury, grandson of Isaac of Concord, and
great-grandson ot William ot Concord, tbe emigrant ancestor, b. 12 Feb. 1711,
was one of the earliest inhabitants ot Hk. (having previously res. a few years
in Grafton), and by w. Mary had Samuel, b. 27 Sep. 1736; Moses, b. 18 Dec.
1738, d. 20 June 1747 ; Hannah, b. 22 Ap. 1741, m. Nathan AVheeler 1 July
1762 ; Aaron, b. 18 Mar. 1744; Mary, b. 13 Oct 1746, m. James Wright 18
June 1766; John, b. 31 Jan. 1749-60; Moses, b. 28 Oct 1756; Joseph, b. 8
Dec. 1759, m. EUzabeth, dau. of Daniel Fay, 16 May 1779, and rem. to Ben
nington. His w. Mary d. 2 Ap. 1765, a. 45, and he ra. Patience Wright 25
Dec. 1765. John the f. res. three quarters of a mile northerly frora the Com
mon, at the place marked " Dr. AVardwell " on the R. Map, long famous as the
Willis tavern-stand; here he kept a tavern and cultivated a farm. During tbe
Revolutionary War, his house was frequented by soldiers on their raarch to and
from the army; the small- pox was prevalent; and through fear of becoming
infected, he went to a pest-house in New Braintree, was vaccinated, died 14
Feb. 1778, and was buried in an orchard at the angle of the N. Br. road, a few
rods south of the former residence of Col. Stephen Fay.
2. Samuel, s. of John (1), m. Sarah Osgood of Rut Dist., pub. 20 Sep.
1758 ; she d. and he m. Abigail Fisk 20 Feb. 1766. His chU. were : Anna, h.
17 Jan. 1761; Samuel, b. 3 Ap. 1763, d. at Shoreham, Vt, 16 Feb. 1825.
Sa.muel the f. rem. to Pawlet, Vt., in 1762, as appears by the town records,
and thence to Shoreham, where he'd, in 1799. Goodhue's Hist, of Shoreham,
p. 31.
3. Aaron, s. of John (1), m. Sarah Robinson 24 Oct 1765, and had David,
26

402 HUNT.
b. 15 Oct 1766; Polly Palmer, b. — July 1770; Aaron, bap. 4 Oct 1772;
Sally, bap. 19 June 1774, d. young; Sally, b. 1 Ap. 1777; John, b. 26 Mar.
1779 ; Betsey, b, 28 July 1781. ^
4. John, s. of John (1), m. Elizabeth Webster 23 Dec. 1772; she d. 2 Oct
1779, and he ra. Sarah Fay 1 Oct 1784 ; res. in Ware.
5. Moses, s. of John (1), m. Esther, dau. of John Jenney, 10 Dec. 1778,
and had Sophia, b. 2 Oct. 1779, ra. Joseph Dexter 13 July 1800; Moses, b. 27
Aug. 1781; Abigail, b. 23 Sep. 1786 ; John, b. 26 June 1788, m. Mabel Hop
kins 4 Jan. 1816, res. at Hadley; Mary Palmer, b. 19 Ap. 1790, m. Lemuel
Wicker 16 Jan. 1811; Esther Jenney, b. 10 Feb. 1792, ra. Lindsey Fay 20 Mar.
1810; Zephaniah, b. 4 Aug. 1793, ra. Mary Howland 19 Nov. 1821, res. Barre,
d. 1 Sep. 1856; Orsamus, b. 16 Feb. 1797; Horace (ov Hiram), b. 15 Ap.
1799, d. 15 Jan. 1803 ; William, b. 27 June 1800, d. U Jan. 1803; Hammond,
b. 8 July 1802, d. 20 May 1803; William, b. 6 Sep. 1804, m. Patty, dau. of
Capt Edmund Mayo, pub. 3 Dee 1827, d. at Sturbridge 17 June 1877.
Moses the f. was a farmer, res. in the northerly part ot the town, and d. 10
July 1822.
6. Moses, s. of Moses (5), m. Rebecca Winslow of Barre, pub. 20 Oct
1806, and had Elisha Winslow, b.  1806, d. 14 May 1807, a. 5 months;
Eliza, b. 9 Mar. 1808, m. Jonathan R. Haskell 3 Dec. 1829; Elisha Winslow,
b. 9 July 1810; Hammond, b. 15 Ap. 1812; Abel Herod, bap. 16 Oct. 1814, d.
19 Dec. 1814; Henry, b. 14 Jan. 1816 ; John Winslow, b. 30 Nov. 1818, res. in
Springfield; Moses, b. 12 Aug. 1821; William, b. 14 Dec. 1824, d. at Spring
field 29 July 1849. Moses the f. d. 8 Oct. (or 15, as on grave-stone) 1833.
7. Orsamus, b. of Moses (5), m. Laura, dau. of Silas Newton, 7 Jan. 1821;
she d. at Granby, 14 Jan. 1851, a. 56, and he m. her sister, Caroline New
ton. His chil. were: Addison, b. here 20 Jan. 1822, m. Clarissa E. Thomas, 16
Mar. 1852, and rera. to Wore ; and at Granby, Calvin Newton, b. 8 June, 1825,
d. 21 May 1830; Charles Edward, b. 21 May 1830; Edwin Newton, b. 14 Dec.
1834. Orsamus the f. d. at Shrewsbury 25 May 1864.
8. Elisha Winslow, s. of Moses (6), m. Louisa Vineca, pub. 20 Aug. 1841,
and had Edwin, b.  ; Newell, b. 1 Oct. 1843; WiUiam Sprague, b. here 28
Feb. 1846, d. 24 Sep. 1852 ; William N., b.  . Elisha W. the f. rem. to
Springfield and d. 12 Dee 1858.
9. Hammond, s. of Moses (6), m. Susan Walker 30 Ap. 1839, and had
Eunice Mary Ann, b. 12 Ap. 1840, d. 15 Nov. 1841; Mercy Ann, b. 17 Nov.
1841, d. 23 Sep. 1842; Susan Elvira, b. 28 Jan. 1845. Hammond the f. d.
28 Aug. 1845, and his w. Susan m. Joshua Conkey of Rochester, N. Y., 3 Jan.
1848. 10. Henry, s. ot Moses (6), m. Eliza P. Sexton 12 June 1844, and had
Emily F., b. 20 Sep. 1845 ; Eliza A., b. 12 Sep. 1847 ; Daniel Sexton, b. 4 Nov.
1850, d. 30 Nov. 1850; Daniel, b. 25 Dee 1851; William Henry, b. 20 Jan.
1855; George, b. 20 May 1857 ; Fanny, b. 8 Aug. 1859 ; John, b. 12 Dec. 1861;
Mary Walker, b. 29 June 1864 ; a son, b. 19 Nov. 1866. Henry the f. was
kiUed by lightning 22 Ap. 1867.
11. Moses, s. of Moses (6), m. Jane Grier 31 Dec. 1856, and had Hammond,
b. 31 July 1868, d. 3 Aug. 1858. Moses the f. rem. to Sprino-f., and d. 6 Feb.
1873. 12. Charles Edward, s. of Orsamus (7), m. Laura Warner 4 Sep. 1855,
and had Hattie Maria, b. 21 Mar. 1868. Charles Edward the f. rem. to
Greenfield. 13. Ephraim of Gr., s. of Ephraim of Dartmouth and grandson of Rev.
Samuel of Dartmouth, m. Rhoda Forbush 5 Ap. 1781. It does not appear
whether they had children. He d. 5 Sep. 1831, a. 72; his w. Rhoda d. 15 Aug.
1855, a. 94. There are indications that Ephraim of Dartra. rem. to Hardwicf ;
and his sister Joanna, then of Gr., was pub. to Thomas Haskell 13 Jan.
1749-50. 14. John, a merchant in Boston, not known to be of near kin to either
of the foregoing, was an early aid extensive land-owner in Hardwick. After
his death, his real estate was divided between his three sons, John, Shrimpton,

HUNT — JENNEY. 403
and Thomas, and his dau., the w. Elizabeth AA^'endell, 10 Jan. 1754. One lot
extended from the present southeasterly line of Mr. AVilliam C. Wesson's
homestead along the northerly side of the street to the Common, and thence up
the hill where the old road is still visible, nearly or quite to the Ware road,
being 180 rods deep, at the easterly end ; 174 rods, at the southeasterly corner
of the Common; and 207 rods, at the westerly end; the northerly Une was
straight, and measured 125 rods. This lot included the present Coinmon and
burial-ground. Jackson, Nathaniel, of Gr., m. Lucy Seaver, pub. 10 Jan. 1794. He
was prob. the sarae who resided on the road connecting the Gilbertville and
Ware roads, at the place marked " Mr. Warner " on the R. Map. No record
found of children.
2. Otis, of AA'oodstock, Conn., m. Ruth Jamerson 3 Jan. 1854, and had
Mary Jane, b. 15 Nov. 1864, m. Henry AV. Ayers of N. Br. 19 Jan. 1880; Wil
liam' Otis, b. 6 Oct. 1861; both b. in Hk.
Salome, m. Luther Seaver, pub. 4 Nov. 1808, d. 13 Ap. 1809, a. 22. Re
becca, d. unm. 23 Sep. 1814, a. 30.
Jamerson, Seth, m. Lvdia, dau. of John Hastings, Esq., 3 Oct. 1814, and
had Clark Hastings, b. — March 1815, d. 6 May 1816; Rebecca, b. 9 June 1818,
m. Hirara Barrows of Dana, 26 May 1847; Clark, b. 20 Dec. 1819; Ruth, b.
26 Dec. 1821, m. Otis Jackson 3 Jan. 1854; an infant d. 8 Sep. 1828. Seth-
the f. was b. in Barre, a farraer, and resided at the place marked with his
name on the R. Map (the Hastings homestead on the Moose Brook road, near
Barre) ; he was a jovial and fearless rider in the troop ot cavalry, and with
his companion, Joel Hagar, was accustomed to keep the corapany wide awake.
He d. 30 May 1858, a 67 ; his w Lydia d. 9 May 1872, a. 82.
2. Winthrop, m. Caroline Fairbanks, pub. 27 Mar. 1826; he rem. to
Barre. James, Humphrey, m. Mary Ann Newland, pub. 30 May 1865, and had
Sarah Jane, b. 12 Feb. 1856 ; Mary Abby, b. 24 Feb. 1867; John Dean, b. 24
Ap. 1861, d. 5 Oct 1863.
Jenkins, Southworth, m. Huldah Wright 15 Nov. 1770, res. in Barre,
where he had Southworth, b.  , established himself in business as a clothier,
at the Furnace Village in 1803, but ret. to Barre ; James Wright, b.  1780;
Joseph, b.  1781, res. in Boston, was a builder. Grand Master of the Grand
Lodge of Masons, and d. 11 Oct 1851; Benjamin, b. about 1784; Cliarles, b.
about 1786, grad. W. C. 1813, pastor of a church in Portland, where he d. in
1831, a. 45 ; and prob. others. Southworth thef. (if not his son of the
same name) d. in Barre about the beginning of the year 1821; his w. Huldah
d.— Nov. 1810, a. 62.
2. James Wright, s. of Southworth (1), m. Betsey Whipple of Grafton,
pub. 1 Jan. 1804, and had Josiah Whipple, b. here 6 Oct 1805 ; and others
(among whom was James W.), after his removal to Barre. James W. the
f. kept a tavern in the Furnace Village 1807 and 1808, was Master ot
Mount Zion Lodge in 1811, returned to Barre, was captain of miUtia, and d.
19 Sep. 1866, a. 86.
3. Benjamin, s. of Southworth (1), ra. Hannah Atwood of Barre, pub. 21
Aug. 1808, and had Benjamin Franklin, bap. 11 Aug. 1811, d. at Barre 19
May 1877, a. nearly 68; Jason, bap. 11 Aug. 1811 ; Benjamin Atwood, bap. 8
Ap. 1814; d. at La Crosse, Wis., 19 Jan. 1880. Benjamin the f . was a clothier,
succeeded his brother Southworth in business at the Old Furnace, and his
brother James W., as Master of Mount Zion Lodge in 1812; he was also
lieutenant of mUitia, and d. 12 March 1814.
Jenks, Francis, ra Alice Nye 28 July 1793. Sukey, m. Seth Ruggles,
pub. 18 May 1794. Mrs. Sally, m. John Ruggles 26 Ap. 1801.
Jenney, John, of " Plymouth, who was a brewer of Norwich, went to
Holland in his youth, lived at Rotterdam, came in the James, a little
vessel of 44 tons, built for the Pilgrims of Leyden, arrived Aug. 1623, with
w. Sarah (whom he m. at Leyden 1 Nov. 1614, by the name ot Carey), and
chil. Samuel, Abigail, and Sarah, at the same time with the Ann, there-

404 JENNEY — JOHNSON.

:r passengers reckoned among 'old comers,' had born here John
i; was an assistant 1637-39, and representative 1641." Savage's

fore with her
and Susanna;
Gen. Diet. ii. 5ie. He d. between 28 Dec. 1643 and 5 June 1644.
2. John, s. of Samuel or John, and grandson of John (2), settled in Dart
mouth, where by w.  he had Sarah, b. 21 May 1672, m.  Sherman ;
Mehetabel, b. 26 Sep. 1673, m.  Gifford; Elizabeth, b. 5 Feb. 1676-7;
Samuel, h. 4 Feb. 1678-9; Lydia, b — Aug. 1682, m.  Benson ; John, b.
18 Ap. 1684. John the f. d. between 21 Mar. and 26 Ap. 1727.
3. John, s. of John (2), m. Abigail, dau. of Isaac Pope, and had Joanna,
b. 8 Dee. 1714 ; Ephraim, b. 20 Feb. 1716-17; ^&e, b. 1 Oct 1718; Margaret,
b. 25 Mar. 1722; Elizabeth, b. 28 Jan. 1724-5; John, b. 2 Nov. 1730. John
the f. res. in Dartraouth. His wiU, dated 7 Nov. 1 749, was proved 6 May 1 756.
4. John, s. of John (3), ra. Abigail, dau. of Sarauel Spooner, 23 Nov.
1762, and had Zephaniah, h. 2 Aug. 1753, was a physician, took the name of
Jennings, ra. Martha Eddy of Shrews. 28 Nov. 1799, and prob. soon rem.
frora Hk.; John, h. 16 Mar. 1755; Joanna,b.  1757, d. unra. 10 Mar.
1836, a. 78; Esther, b. about 1769, ra. Moses Hunt 10 Dec. 1778; Elnathan,
b. about 1762, was living in 1796; Abigail, b.  , ra. Elijah Billings 24 Ap.
1796. John the t. rem. frora Dartraouth to Hk. with his family, probably
soon afterthe birth of his son John in 1755 ; he was a farmer, and d. 31 May
1796 ; his w. AbigaU d. 10 Dee 1829, a. 97.
5. John, s. of John (4), m. Hannah Perry of Barre 10 Ap. 1788, and had
Justus, b. 26 Nov. 1788 ; Esther Gates, b. 6 May 1790, m. Benjamin Gates of
Barre 18 Nov. 1817; John, b. 16 Feb. 1792 ; Chiron, b. 26 Ap. 1794; Calmn,
b. 3 July 1796; Seth, b. 21 July 1798; Hannah Perry, b. 19 Nov. 1800, m.
Cyrus Danforth 6 Mar. 1817, and (2d) Clark Stone of Enfield 30 Sep. 1858,
and d. 31 Oct. 1873; Hiram, b. 23 Aug. 1803, d. 5 Jan. 1805; Lucretia
Perry, b. 21 Aug. 1805, m.  Cary, and d. at Eni. 19 Sep. 1870 ; Abigail
Spooner, b. 27 July 1808, m. Gardner Bartholomew, pub. 3 Feb. 1831. John
the f. was a farmer, res. on tbe Ware road, at the place marked " J. Robin
son " on the R. Map (probably tbe homestead of his father), and d. 23 Aug.
1814; his w. Hannah m.Dr. WiUiam Stone of Enf, 23 Nov. 1819.
6. Justus, s. of John (6), ra. Lucy Wicker 19 Feb. 1811, and had Jane
Parsons, b. 25 Sep. 1811; Charles Austin, b. 20 Nov. 1813; Sophronia, h.
8 Dee 1816; John, h. 18 Aug. 1818 ; Susan, bap. 19 Aug. 1821. Justus the
f. res. on the homestead, but rem. frora the town soon after 1821.
7. John, s. of John (6), was a blacksmith, and rem. from Hk. prob. about
1828. 1 find no record of marriage or children.
8. Chiron, s. of John (5), m. Sophronia, dau. of Charles Paige, 28 Sep.
1817; she d. 25 Feb. 1854, and he m. Mary C. Bowker 23 Mar. 1865. His
chU. were: Clarissa Paige, b. 25 Sep. 1818, ra. David ElweU 2d, 7 Sep. 1842;
Algernon Sidney, b. 6 Sep. 1821; Hattie BeU (a child of her father's old age),
b. 5 July 1869, d. 11 Aug. 1870. Chiron the f. was a tanner, res. at the old
Furnace Village, and d. 29 June 1874.
9. Calvin, s. of John (5), ra. Mary Bassett 1,9 Sep. 1824, and had Mary
E., b. 19 June 1825 ; Louisa, b. 2 July 1827, d. 21 Oct 1831; Fidelia, b. 9
Aug. 1829, ra.  Wheeler, and d. at Ware 20 Jan. 1861; Clarissa, b. 11
Aug. 1831, and d. at Ware 3 May 1853. Calvin the t. was a farraer and
captain of militia, res. on the Ware road tor some years, at the place
marked " C. Ruggles " on the R. Map, but rem. from the town.
10. Algernon Sidney, s. of Chiron (8), ra. Mary J. Brigham of Pres.,
pub. 14 Feb. 1846, and had Mary Jane Frances, b. 3 Mar. 185°.
Jemima, m. Gideon Carpenter 31 May 1753. Esther, ra. David Gilbert
Jr., of N. Br. 23 Mar. 1758.
Johnson, Experience, m. Mary Hamlin, at Rochester, 18 Ap. 1728,
and had William, b. 26 Aug. 1729 ; Thomas, b. 13 Nov. 1733, pub. to Hannah
Chelson 10 Mar. 1759 ; he soon rem. from Roch. to Hk., and both his sons
were bap. here 5 Dec. 1736.
2. Zebadiah, prob. s. of Zebadiah and Esther ot Shrewsbury, and, if so,
bap. 1 Ap. 1733, came here about 1753, m. AUce, dau. of Capt Constant

JOHNSON. 405
Merrick, 25 Nov. 1756, and had Samuel, h. 23 May 1768 ; Mary, b. 10 Mar.
1760, d. unm. 5 Oct 183 7 ; Constant, b. 9 Jan. 17(32; Joab, b. 9 Mar. 1765 ;
Zebadiah, b. 16 June 1767, ra. Sally Powers 9 Feb. 1791; John,b. i June 1769.
3. Seth, prob. brother of Zebadiah (2), and b. at Shrews. 15 Feb. 1736!
pub. to Kezia Cooley of Gr. 2 Aug. 1760, and bad Jonah, b. 19 Mar. 1761;
Catherine, b. 3 Aug. 1763, m. Ephraim Hodges 25 Nov. 1779; Phebe, b. 29
Sep. 1764, ra. Noah Beach of Rut., pub. 9 July 1780 ; Electa, b. 31 Jan. 1767,
m. James AVhipple 21 Ap. 1785. AVidow Kezia Johnson, the mother d
15 Feb. 1822, a. 8.5.
4. Israel, prob. brother of Zebadiah (2), and b. at Shrews. 11 Sep. 1737,
m. Abiel, wid. ot Ebenezer SafEord, 29 Dec. 1761, and had Challis, b. 1 Oct
1762. 5. Nathaniel, hy w. Sarah, had prob. Nathaniel, b.  ; Triphena, b. 15
Sep. 1764, m. Sylvanus Brimhall 14 Sep. 1783. Nathaniel the f. d. 3 Nov.
1790, a. 71.
6. Silas, m. Patience Walker of Pet., 27 Nov. 1766, and had Silas, b. 27
Nov. 1767 ; Su.san.na, b. 15 Ap. 1770. Silas the f. d. 12 July 1822, a. 76; his
w. Patience d. 18 Oct 1813, a. 69.
7. Nathaniel, prob. s. of Nathaniel (5), m. Mary Nye 5 Sep. 1783, and
had Otis, b. 6 May 1784.
8. Stephen, m. AbigaU Rice of Barre 31 May 1774 ; she d. 22 Ap. 1777;
and he ra. Elizabeth Witt ot Paxton, pub. 16 May 1779. His chil. were :
Abigail, b. 19 Ap. 1776; m. AVyatt Richardson, pub. 6 May 1795; Elizabeth,
b. 17 June 1780 ; Stephen, b. 14 Dee 1781.
9. Aaron, m. Susanna Bridgeman of Gr. — June 1787, and had Aaron, b.
22 May 1788.
10. Daniel, m. Lucy Briggs of Orange — May 1797, and had Samuel, b.
29 Jan. 1798, m. Polly Sprout, pub. 15 May 1825, and d. 14 Aug. 1847 ; she
d. 22 Jan. 1829, a. 37 ; Ezra, b. 22 Oct. 1799, m. AbigaU Sprout, pub. 6 Nov.
1830, and d. at Presc. 1 Ap. 1878; PhUip, b. 3 May 1802, ra. Civilla R.
Thayer, pub. 20 Mar. 1830; she d. 19 Dec. 1861, a. 58, and he m. Mrs.
Elizabeth C. Stevens 21 Aug. 1862 ; his dau. Mary E. d. unm. 30 Nov. 1867,
a. 36; and he d. 24 Mar. 1875 ; Lucy, b. 6 July 1804, m. OrviUe Lathrop of
Shrews., pub. 31 Jan. 1825. Lucy the mother d. 3 Feb. 1814, a. 41.
11. Silas, s. of Silas (6), m. Hannah Nye 15 Dec. 1785 ; she d. and he ra.
Celia Howard, or Haywood, 24 Feb. 1799, and had SUas Nye, b. 3 Sep. 1799,
d. at Dana 1 Ap. 1879; Alanson, b. 9 Nov. 1800; Hiram, b. 3 Sep. 1802;
Gardner, b. 25 Oct. 1804; Nehemiah Haywood, b. 26 May 1807, res. in Illinois
21 Sep. 1841, when he ra. Eunice Randall; Karylan, b. 15 July 1809. Silas
the f. d. 19 Mar. 1840, and his w. Celia m. John Peckham of Pet. 20 Ap.
1841. 12. Aaron, m. Celia Richardson ot Gr., 11 Sep. 1800, and had Alice, b. 21
Mar. 1801, m. Seth Richardson, pub. 3 Ap. 1820; William, b. 1 Nov. 1803,
m. Eliza Whipple 15 Aug. 1822, and d. 16 Aug. 1871. Aaron, the t. d. 1
May 1813, a. 41; his w. Celia d. 2 Sep. 1846, a. 66.
13. .John, prob. s. ot Zebadiah (2), by w. Mary, had Chester, b. about 1801 ;
John, b. about 1805, m. Arathusa Dexter 5 Oct. 1828 (she d. 6 Ap. 1862, a.
66 ; he d. 2 May 1876, a. 71) ; their son, William W., m. Eunice C. Sturte
vant 18 Aug. 1880; Samuel, b. about 1810, d. 31 May 1848, a. 38. John the
f. d. 25 Ap. 1828.
14. Marshall, m. Lettice Hathaway 1 Jan. 1811, and had Balarah, b. 19
Oct 1811; Mary, b. 9 Dee 1812, m. Ebenezer H. Egery 26 Feb. 1828; Sarah,
b. 25 Dee 1814, m. Hosea Cummings 22 F'eb. 1831; Justus, b. 31 Aug. 1816.
Marshall the f. d. 28 Oct 1857, a. 81; his w. Lettice d. 3 Mar. 1859, a. 72.
15. Alanson, s. of SUas (11), m. Amanda Wheeler, pub. 8 May 1826, and
had Henry A., b. 7 Ap. 1827 ; WUliam W., b. 4 Nov. 1835.
16. William, by w. Ellen, had Halsea Hurlburt, b.  1843.
17. .Justus, s. ot MarshaU (14), m. Sylvia S. Smith of Gr., pub. 28 Feb.
1840, and had Georgfi Franklin, b. 3 Jan. 1845.
18. Chester, s. of John (13), by w. Rebecca had George, b. 11 Jan. 1847.
Chester the f. d. 31 Aug. 1848, a. 38; his w. Rebecca d. 24 July 1851, a. 46.

406 JOHNSON— JORDAN.
19. Philander, by w. Susan, had William Warren, b. 7 Aug. 1848.
20. David W., by w. Clarissa A., had Frederick D., b. 29 July 1850 ; Oren
Alpheus, b. 9 July 1852.
21. Gardner N., by w. Eliza, had Jo.seph French, h. 24 Aug. 1853.
22. John J., m. Harriet E. Covell, 11 Mar. 1852, and had Lestella, b. 26
Oct 1853; a son b. 27 Ap. 1861, d. 19 May 1861; Cleola A., b- -i Mar. 1863,
m. Rollin D. Newton, 3 Mar. 1881.
23. John, by w. Julia, had Thomas Francis, b. 21 Jan. 1857.
24. Alpheus, ra. Frances M. Turner, pub. 28 Ap. 1853, and had Fanny
Adelia, b. 24 Feb. 1861.
25. Aaron F., by w. AdeUne, had William Harvey, b. 1 June 1861.
26. Halsea PL, s. ot Williara (16), m. Mary E. KendaU 20 Oct. 1863, and
had Samuel Hurlburt, b. 30 May 1864.
27. Enos T., ra. Emma C. Bacon ot Gr. 16 Mar. 1864, and had Charles
Albert, b. 23 Ap. 1873; Rupert E., b. 20 Oct 1881.
Solomon, of Gr. (prob. bro. of Zebadiah (2)), m. Sarah Dexter 28 Dec.
1762. Joel, m. Eleanor Parks 27 Sep. 1768. AVilliam, m. Hannah John
son 26 Jan. 1775 or 1776. JoHN, ra. Nancy Thayer, pub. 10 Nov. 1797.
Joshua, m. Rachel Whipple 12 Aug. 1798. Seth, m. SaUy Hillman, pub.
27 Nov. 1800. Stephen N., in. Susanna Whipple 3 Feb. 1823. Samuel, m.
Betsey Cumraings 29 June 1829. Peebles, m. Eliza Ellen Whipple 21 May
1861. Joel, d. 10 Oct 1813, a. 70. Milo, d. 31 Aug. 1845, a. 21.
The registration of births was so rauch neglected by the parents tor many
years, that I ara unable to give a satisfactory account of the numerous families
bearing the name of Johnson, and of their relationship to each other.
Jordan, Edmund, a nephew ot Benjamin Sraith and one of the pioneers,
m. Teraperance, dau. of Williara Thomas (at Brk.), 12 Mar. 1734, and had
Elizabeth, b. 27 Ap. 1735, m. John MeUard, pub. 19 Ap. 1761; William, b.
13 Dec. 1737; Submit, b. 19 Ap. 1740, m. Daniel Hastings, pub. 22 July 1764;
Mary, b. 23 Dee 1743; Sarah, b. 13 Aug. 1746, d. 25 Oct 1746; Sarah,h.
24 July 1748, d. unm. 24 Mar. 1771; Eleazar, h. 2 Mar. 1760; Meits (a son),
b. 1 May 1752. Edmund the f. was b. in Taunton, and was a carpenter;
he was a corjioral in Capt. Sarauel Robinson's company 1755, in the French
War; also in 1756, during wbich campaign he died, a. 45.
2. John, prob. hrother of Edraund (1), was here in 1735, in Nitchewaug
(Petershara) 1738, returned to Hk., was a soldier in Captain Robinson's
corapany 1755, and d. 14 Dec. 1765. His son Dudley was bap. in Nitche
waug by Rev. Mr. White, 30 July 1 738, was a soldier in Captain Robinson's
company 1756, and d. during that carapaign, a. 20.
3. Dudley, prob. brother of Edmund (1), m. Mary, dau. of John HaskeU,
23 Dec. 1739, and had Susanna, h. 20 Mar. 1740-1, m. Abraham Knowlton
12 Mar. 1764; Philip, b. 17 Mar. 1742-3; Mercy, b. 10 (or 14) June 1745,
m. John Rayraond 7 Mar. 1771; Sarah, h. 22 July 1747; Dudley, b. 8 Mar.
1749. Dudley the f. res. on Ruggles Hill, at or near the place marked " A.
Ruggles " on the R. Map; he was a remarkably expert gunner, and is said to
have alarmed the town by discharging his gun at a catamount three times in
such rapid succession that it was supposed to be the "alarm," or established
signal of danger. He d. 26 Ap. 1760; his w. Mary d. 27 May 1750.
4. Dudley, s. of Dudley (3), m. Bathsheba Rice 8 Aug. 1776, and had
Hannah, b. 29 Ap. 1777; Bathsheba, b. 11 Jan. 1779; PoUy, b. 19 Jan. 1781
Prudence, b. 11 Nov. 1782, d. unra. at Gr. 16 Dec. 1869; Mercy, h. 6 Jan
1785, m. Williara Morton of Gr. 20 Mar. 1813 ; William Pitt, b. about 1786 ,
Cynthia, b.  , m. Seth B. Manly 12 May 1824; Alma (or Almira), b. about
1793, d. unm. 21 Mar. 1814, a. 21; John Tyler, b. 3 Sep. 1799, res. in Gr., d.
17 Sep. 1879, a. 80 years and 14 days; George Anson, b. about 1805, d.'ll
July 1814, a. 9. Dudley the f. was a tanner, res. several years near Gilbert
ville, on the old road, now little used, a few rods below the place marked " R.
Field " on the R. Map, in a house apparently one ot the earliest erected in the
town; he d. at Ware 5 July 1820 ; his w. Bathsheba d. 5 Dec. 1813, a. 53.
6. William Pitt, s. of Dudley (4), m. Sophia BUss ot Jamaica,' Vt., pub.

JORDAN — KINSLEY. 407
19 Ap. 1813; she d. and he ra. Mary Presho, 25 Mar. 1818; she d. 25 May
1834, a. 37, and he m. Electa Grant, who d. 4 Jan. 1838, a. 26, and he ra.
Mrs. Sophia King 26 June 1838. His chU. were : Anson, b.  1818, d. 24
Mar. 1820, a. 2 ; Cynthia, b. 3 Nov. 1821, ra. James Davis, Jr., 11 Aug. 1836 ;
Mary Nye, b. 9 Jan. 1823; William P., b. 1828, d. 31 Dec. 1860, a. 32 ; and
perhaps others. William Pitt the f. was a tanner, res. on the road to Barre,
atthe place marked "P. Jordan " on the R. Map, and d. 24 Ap. 1869.
JosLiN, Dinah, in. Prince Nye 15 Dee 1774. Elizabeth, m. Abraham
BeU of N. Br. 29 Dee 1785. Peter A., m. Hannah T. Newcomb, pub. 31
Oct 1829. Matthews, m. Mrs. Margaret Holdridge 12 Dec. 1830, and d.
20 Mar. 1840, a. 73. A child ot Matthews, Jr., d. 26 Oct 1834, a. 6 mos.
Keith, Ephraim, s. of Joseph, and grandson of Rev. .lames, b. at Bridge-
water in 1707, grad. H. C. 1729, preached here about a year, commencing 2
May 1734, but was probably never ordained; he returned to Bridgewater,
was justice of the peace, m. Sarah, dau. ot Israel Washburn, had seven chil.,
andd. in 1781.
2. John, prob. b. in Bridgewater. ra. Ann Belcher of Bridgew., pub. 10 Ap.
1774; she d. and he ra. Zerviah WUlis 21 Oct. 1782. His chil. were: John,
bap. 9 July 1775; Joseph, b. 6 Oct 1783; Benjamin, b. 17 Feb. 1785; Seth, b.
17 Feb. 1788.
Reuel, ra. AbigaU Allen, pub. 11 Ap. 1784.
Kelly, AVilliam, m. Annis Thayer, pub. 25 Dee 1820, and had Merrick
Thayer, b. 14 Feb. 1822; James Harvey, b. 20 Sep. 1824.
Margaret, m. Cornelius Wrin, pub. 8 Nov. 1856.
Kennedy, Daniel, by w. Margaret, had Nancy, b. 24 Aug. 1856; Daniel,
b. 24 Sep. 1858; Timothy, b. 24 Jan. 1861 ; Jeremiah, b. 5 Mar. 1864.
2. Rich-ARd, by w. Margaret, had Michael, b. 23 Sep. 1856.
3. David, ra. Catherine Cronan, pub. 12 Jan. 1856, and had Thomas, h. 1
Ap. 1861; Dennis, h. 26 July 1863; Cornelius (posthuraous) , b. 6 June 1867.
David the f. was b. in Ireland, and d. 20 Oct. 1866, a. 46.
4. Alexander, m. Jane  , who d.  , and he m. Jeannette Alex
ander, pub. 31 Aug. 1868. His chil. were: William, b. 30 Oct. 1862; Mary, b.
11 Jan. 1869.
Ellen, of Ware, m. Peter Alexander 7 Feb. 1867. Catherine, ra. Timo
thy Daley 7 Sep. 1868. Jessie, ra. Samuel Ross 23 Dee 1876.
Kenney, Jesse, m. Hannah Stearns, ll'Aug. 1776.
Kerley, Anna, m. Elisha Pike 29 Nov. 1744.
Kimball, Jude, ra. Joanna, dau. of Jaraes Lawton, 25 Aug. 1793, rem.
to Lyndon, 'Vt., where he had James Lawton, b. 25 Ap. 1799, grad. D. C. 1824,
and at And. Serainary 1828, became secretary ot the Amer. Tract Soe at
Boston 1831, and d. unm. at Lyndon 8 Sep. 1833.
King, Samuel, of Barre, ra. SybU Raymond 5 May 1840, res. here, and had
Samuel Sumner, b. 6 Mar. 1845, d. 2 Feb. 1876; John, h. 1 Mar. 1847, d. 4 Ap.
1862. 2. John, m. Mary J. Richardson 3 Oct 1844, and had a son, b. 13 Nov.
1849; Harvey WaOcer, b. 16 Aug. 1852; Elizabeth Adelia, h. 8 Feb. 1857; Mar
shaU Johnson, b. 20 Feb. 1859; Albert, b. 30 Sep. 1862.
3. Jesse W., ra. Huldah M.Barnes 21 Oct 1848, and had Charies Walter,h.
12 Nov. 1849. Jesse W. the f. d. 3 Dee 1855, a. 30; his w. Huldah M. m.
Billings Cummings 22 Nov. 1859, and d. 10 Dec. 1868, a. 38.
4. "Thomas, by w. Catherine, had Edward Norbert, b. 5 June 1855; Mary
Jane, b'. 27 Oct. 1856; Caroline, b. 25 June 1859, d. unra. at AVare 16 Sep.
1879; William Wallace, b. 20 May 1868.
5 Edward T., bv w. Mary J., had Nellie May, b. 2 May 1872.
Joel (b. Enfield, 'Conn.), d. 29 July 1861, a. 81. AVarren M., ra. Louisa
CunirainiTs ot Barre, pub. 17 Sep. 1821. George H., m. Lucy J. Barnes 7
May 1846. Alfred C, m. Sarah E. HaU 1 Oct 1873. Wid. Elizabeth
F., d. 23 Ap. 1880, a. 78. .
Kinsley, Martin, s. of Samuel, was born at Bridgewater in 1754, grad.
H. C. 1778, settled immediately in Hardwick, m. Polly BeUows of Walpole,

408 KINSLEY — KNOWLES.
N. H., pub. 3 Oct 1784, and had Polly Hubbard, b. 26 May 1787, d. 28 Aug.
1791; Sophia W., b. 17 July 1797, d. 12 Jan. 1800; and, after his removal trom
Hk., Mary, b. 6 July 1801, m. Samuel Gardner, Esq., of Roxbury, and d. in
1839; Martin, b. 23 Sep. 1808, d. 31 May 1811. Martin the f., soon after
he rera. here, engaged in the sale of English and West India goods, and res.
at the place marked " J. Mixter " on the R. Map. About 1780 he was com
missioned as one of the aids of Maj. Gen. Warner, and was thenceforth known
as Major Kinsley ; from this office, however, he was removed in 1 786, probably
on account of his sympathy with the Shays Rebellion, against which removal
he published a protest in the " AA'^orcester Magazine " for December, p. 450,
under date of 24 Nov. 1786. The Shays party, then a majority of the town,
rewarded him for his services and mortification by electing him town treasurer
six years, from 1787 to 1792, and representative eight years, frora 1787 to 1796,
except 1789 and 1793, when no representative was chosen. Between 4 Ap.
1797 and 16 Feb. 1798, he removed to Hampden, in the province of Maine,
where he was actively engaged, on the Democratic side, in the fierce political
contest which marked the commencement of the present century. He was jus
tice of the peace, while at Hardwick, in 1789, recommissioned in 1802, repre
sentative of Hampden in the General Court 1801 to 1806 (except 1805), senator
from Hancock County 1814, member of the executive council 1810, 1811, and
member of Congress in 1819 and 1820. He was appointed justice of the Court
of Sessions 3 Sep. 1811, and on the eighth day of the following October, judge
of the Court of Coraraon Pleas for the Eastern Circuit; he was afterwards, for
several years, judge of Probate. In his old age he retired trom public office,
and removed to Roxbury, where he died, at the house of his daughter, 20 June
1835. Knapp, Charles, by w. Hannah, had Caroline Wiswell, b. about 1807, d.
22 Sep. 1811, a. 4; Mary Jane, b. 21 June 1809; Charles William, b. 9 Oct
1811; Daniel Field, b. 7 Sep. 1813; Amasa Mason, bap. 17 Sep. 1816, d. 16
Aug. 1818, a 2; Catherine Wiswell, bap. 25 Dec. 1818.
2. George W., of Franklin, ra. Clarissa Snow 21 Sep. 1823, and had twin
chU., who d. 20 and 22 Oct 1830.
Knight, Theophilus, b. at Plainfield, Conn., 2 June 1788, m. Theodotia
BUss, who was b. at' Western (now Warren), 1 Feb. 1792, and had in Warren
Mary B., b. 20 Ap. 1814, d. 25 Oct. 1821 ; Albert E., b. 2 Nov. 1816; Lucy P.,
b. 1 Dec. 1818, d. unm. 24 Feb. 1872; Wealthy S., b. 1 Jan. 1821, m. Frazier
Paige 11 Mar. 1844; Royal, b. 7 Mar. 1824, d. 3 May 1838; Aaron B., b. 15
June 1826, d. 13 May 1861; Mary Ann, b. 10 Nov. 1829, m. Dr. Almon M.
Orcutt 16 Oct. 1850 ; Samuel H., b. 3 Dec. 1831, res. in St Louis ; Franklin S.,
b. 9 May 1835, was a meraber (clerk) of the 31st Regt Mass. Vols, in the Union
Army, and d. unm. in St. Charles Hospital, New Orleans, 10 Jan. 1863.
Theophilus the f. was a farmer, rem. to Hardwick, with his family, 1 Ap.
1837, res. at tbe south end of the Comraon, and d. 14 Mar. 1844 ; his w. Theo
dotia d. 2 Feb. 1875.
2. Albert E., s. of TheophUus (1), came here 1 Ap. 1837, and m. E.
Augusta Phelps of Ware 12 May 1841 ; she d. 20 Feb. 1864, a. 46, and he m.
Harriet J., dau. of Joseph Robinson and wid. ot AVilliam Browning, 5 Ap. 1866;
she d. 16 Sep. 1869, a. 39, and he m. Cornelia E., dau. of Capt.°Pliny Alden,
25 Oct 1870. His chil. were: Jane E., b. 21 Dec. 1842, ra. Joel L. Powers 1
Jan. 1866 ; Elizabeth H., b. 29 May 1846, m. Julius A. Dennis 8 Oct 1868;
Samuel H. P., b. 8 May 1852, d. 25 Sep. 1853 ; WUliam H., b. 26 Ap. 1855, d.
9 June 1857; Harry Phelps, b. 26 Nov. 1856. Albert E. was for several
years a clerk in the store of Mixter & Delano and Delano & Co. ; afterwards
a raerchant, on his own account at the south end of the Common; postmaster
since 1850; town clerk since 1861; town treasurer eleven years from 1867 to
1878; justice ot the peace since 1861 ; and representative in 1864.
ICnowles, Simeon, by w. Eunice, had Simeon, b. about 1766; Elisha, b.
about 1779, d. 14 Aug. 1858, a. 79 ; Phebe, b. about 1783, d. unm. 7 Ap. 1824,
a. 41 ; and prob. others. Simeon the f. res. in Eastham until after the birth
of his son Simeon ; and perhaps all his chil. were born there. His w Eunice
d. here 5 Ap. 1819, a. 79.

KNOWLES — KNOWLTON. 409
2. Simeon, s. of Simeon (1), by w. Priscilla, had Bangs, b. about 1789, d.
17 Sep. 1806, a. 17 ; Simeon, b. about 1791 ; Leonard, b. about 1795, d. 7 Feb.
1811, a. 16; Edward, b. about 1799, d. at Leicester 29 Oct 1876, a. 77; Har
riet, b. about 1805, m. Calvin A. Burnett ot Oxford 29 June 1830, and d. at
Leicester 20 Ap. 1865, a. 60; and perhaps others. Simeon the f. d. 22 Auo-.
1823, a. 67 ; his w. PrisciUa d. 5 Feb. 1839, a. 75. "
3. Simeon, s. of Simeon (2), m. Lucetta, dau. of SUas Newton, 14 Mar.
1814, and had Laura Loraine, b. 10 Oct 1816, m. Rufus Washburn, Jr., of
Johnstown, N. Y., 21 Feb. 1837; Lucius James, b. 2 July 1819, an eminent
inventor and manufacturer in Warren and Worcester;! Harriet Eveline, b. 24
July 1821, m. Lorin Brown ot Fitchburg 1 Oct 1844; Francis B.,h. 29 Nov.
1823, a successful manufacturer in AVorcester. Simeon the f. res. about three
miles northerly from the Coinmon. His w. Lucetta d. at Warren 23 Auo-. 1868,
a. 76.
Abi.a, m. Flisha T. Mason, pub. 3 June 1816. Eunice, m. Moses Whipple,
Jr., 6 Ap. 1823.
Knowlton, Joseph, said to have been son of Thomas and Margery (Good
hue), was b. in Ipswich and res. there until about 1733, when he rem. to
Shrewsbury. He m. Abigail Bird and had, in Ipswich, Joseph, b. prob. about
1720; Abigail, b. about 1722, d. in Hardwick unra. 4 Mar. 1807, a. 84; Jacob,
b. about 1729; Abraham, h. about 1731; and in Shrews., Nathan, b. 28 Jan.
1733; Samuel and Nathaniel, twins, b. 21 Jan. 1737; Israel, b. 28 Jan. 1740.
These eight children are named in their father's will, dated 17 Mar. 1756; and
besides these. Ward says (Hist. Shrewsbury, p. 348), there were Margery,
who d. at Shrews. 5 Feb. 1740, and " Thomas, who was killed by the French
and Indians at Hoosac Fort, Aug. 17, 1745." Joseph the f. d. at Shrews.,
between 17 Mar. 1756 and 2 Sep. 1760. His w. AbigaU d. 3 July 1748, and
he m. Ann  , who survived him.
2. Jacob, s. of Joseph (1), settled in Hardwick as early as 1752, m. Sarah
Pratt of Shrews. 21 Nov. 1759 ; she d. and he m. Sarah Smith, pub. 1 Nov.
1762. His chU. were: Joseph, b. 20 Nov. 1760; Sarah, b. 29 Sep. 1763, m.
Ebenezer Rich, Jr., of Gr., pub. 14 Dee 1786 ; Elizabeth, bap. 23 June 1765;
Elijah, b. 2 Mar. 1767, d. 2 Dec. 1790 ; Anna, b. 17 July 1769 ; AbigaU, b. 26
June 1771; Jacob, b. 16 June 1774, d. 22 Sep. 1775; Jacob, b. 6 Oct 1776.
Jacob the f. was a blacksmith, and owned a farm bounded north by Muddy
Pond and south by Ware. He served two campaigns in the French AVar, as a
corporal in Capt. Samuel Robinson's company. He d. before 6 Aug. 1789,
when his w. Sarah ra. Deac. Joseph Allen.
3. Abraham, s. of Joseph (1), was in Terapleton as early as 1756, and ra.
Comfort Holman; she d. about 1761, when he rem. to Hk. and m. Susanna
Jordan 12 Mar. 1764. His chil. were: Comfort, b.  1761 at Terapleton, m.
George Haskell 25 Ap. 1782; Sarah, b. 13 June 1765, m. Elijah Bangs 21 Ap.
1791; Israel, b. 11 Jan. 1767 ; Thomas, b. 23 Jan. 1769, d. 8 Sep. 1777; Lucy,
h. 21 Dec. 1770, m. Nathan HaskeU of AVendeU 2 June 1795; Abraham, b. 6
May 1774, d.  1777 ; Philip, b. 30 July 1776, d.  1777 ; Thomas, b. 9
Feb. 1782, settled in AVinchendon. Abraham the f. was a tanner, and res.
on the Petersham road, at or near the place marked "Mr. Woods " on the R.
1 "Lucius J. Knowles, a native of Hard- be readily produced. Mr. Knowles has an
wick, engaged in the manufacture of looms inventive genius, which has produced other
at Warren, with his brother, F. B. Knowles. important inventions besides his looms. He
In 1866 this branch ot his business was re- has been engaged in the manufacture of cot-
moved to Worcester, where it has since been ton and woollen; and the Knowles' steam-
conducted. The looms first made by the pumps, which he manufactures in large
firm were constructed to weave narrow fab- quantities at Warren, have a world-wide
ries, which still constitute an important part reputation. He has been state senator, al-
of the product ot the firm. In 1863, Mr. L. derman, president of the Board of Trade, and
J. Knowles took out his first patent for an is now (1879) president ot the People's Sav-
open-shed fancy casslmere loom, which he ings Bank, and a trustee of the Free Insti-
has recently adapted to the weaving of many tute." Hist, of Worcester County, ii. 665.
new fabrics, and he has devised mechanisms 'While Mr. Knowles resided in Warren, he
by which almost every kind of fancy textile was a representative in the General Court
fabrics, whether of cotton, wool, or silk, can 1865, and senator in 1869.

410 KNOWLTON — LAWRENCE.
Map. He was a lieutenant in the Revolutionary War. In his old age his
long white locks gave him a venerable aspect. He d. 9 June 1812, a. 81;
his w. Susanna d. 27 Ap. 1816, a. 75.
4. Israel, s. of Abraham (3), m. AbigaU Carter 2 May 1793, and had
Israel, b. 12 Mar. 1796, d. 28 Mar. 1795; Calvin, b. 2 Sep. 1797, ra. AbigaU
Powers of Rye, N. H., 20 Sep. 1822, and d. there 30 Jan. 1878; Israel, b. 22
Dee 1799, d.  Ap. 1800 ; a son, b. and d.  1802; Maria, b. 8 June
1804, m. Williams Dexter 3 June 1828; Abraham, b. 12 Jan. 1807, a mason,
res. unm. in Cambridge; Timothy Carter, b. 14 Aug. 1810, m. Susan Locke of
Rye 18 Feb. 1836 ; she d. 17 July 1842, and he m. Augusta Locke of Rye 8
Sep. 1843; he d. 9 July 1869; Lucy, b. 28 July 1816, d. unm. in Cambridge 1
Sep. 1878. Israel the f. rem. to Brighton, where he d. 12 Oct 1842 ; his w.
AbigaU d. in Carabridge 9 Oct 1851, a. 77.
Paul, ot Shrewsbury, m. Lucy Forbush 3 Nov. 1769.
Knox, Joseph, ra. Susan, dau. ot Jason Mixter, 7 Sep. 1831, and had
Charles Mixter, b. 19 Jan. 1835. Joseph the f. was a lawyer, and after a short
residence here rera. in 1837 to Rock Island, 111., where he d. 6 Aug. 1881.
Lamb, Jonathan, by w. Rebecca, had Martha, b. 3 Aug. 1765 ; Jonathan,
b. 26 Nov. 1767; Armilla, b. 16 Aug. 1769; Eunice, b. 14 June 1771.
Lane, Elijah, by w. Hannah, had Elijah, b. 29 July 1798; Dan Wilmarth,
b. 7 May 1800; Justus, b. 19 Mar. 1802; Hannah Brown, b. 24 Mar. 1804, m.
Luke Earl 2 Feb. 1826; Nancy, b. 15 Feb. 1807; Rebecca Snow, b. 15 Mar.
1809; Elbridge, b. 6 Dec. 1813 ; Elizabeth Copeland, b. 30 Nov. 1815, Calvin,
b. 15 Mar. 1818; Charles Foster, b. 20 Ap. 1821, d. at Enfield 27 Jan. 1861.
Elijah the f. was a farmer, and rem. from Norton to Hk. about 1799; his w.
Hannah d. 18 June 1824, a. 46; and he was dism. to the church in Enfield 24
Jan. 1830.
2. Ephraim, brother of Elijah (1), ra. Rebecca Snow 13 Nov. 1803 ; she d.
20 Mar. 1835, and he m. Mrs. Nancy Hemenway, pub. 29 Sep. 1837. No
record found of children.
3. Dan Wilmarth, s. of Elijah (1), m. Alma, dau. of Orin Trow, 6 Jan.
1824, and had Clarissa T., b. 24 Aug. 1825, d. the same year; Joanna Maria,
b. 1 Nov. 1826; Orin Trow, b. 12 Ap. 1828; Charles E., b.  1830, d. at
Orange 11 Oct 1864, a. 24.
Obed, ra. AbigaU Sraith 16 Feb. 1802. Rebecca, of Gr., m. Deac. Eben
ezer AVillis, pub. 13 May 1811.
Lawrence, Joshua, by w. Elizabeth, had Sarah, b. 2 July 1704; Joanna,
b. 14 Oct 1706, m. Robert Whitcomb 13 Jan. 1731-32; Ebenezer, b. 10 Oct
1708 ; Experience, b. 18 May 1711, d. unm. in Hk. 3 Dec. 1796 ; Elizabeth, h.
3 Jan. 1713-14, perhaps ra. John HaskeU of Roch. 4 Mar. 1763 ; Joshua, b. 7
Ap. 1719; Benjamin and Deliverance, twins, b. 21 Dec. 1727. Joshua the f.
res. in Rochester, where all his chil. were born.
2. Ebenezer, s. of Joshua (1), m. Sarah Hammond 6 Feb. 1 733, and had
Susanna, b. 24 May 1735, m. Nathaniel Merrick 13 Feb. 1755; Joseph, b. 12
Jan. 1736-37; Ebenezer, b. 16 Ap. 1739 ; Sarah, b. 10 Ap. 1741. Ebenezer
the t. was a farmer, rera. trom Roch. to Hk. before 28 Dec. 1 748, res. on the
road from the Old Furnace to Taylor's MiUs, at the place marked " Wid.
Lawrence" on the R. Map, and d. 29 Nov. 1797, a. 89.
3. Joshua, s. of Joshua (1), m. Jane HaskeU 13 July 1743, and had Joshua,
b. 24 July 1744, d. here 16 Dee 1835; Joanna, b. 18 Oct 1746, prob. m.
Antipas Howe of Swansey 20 Jan. 1782; Elizabeth, b. prob. 1748, m. Nathan
iel Rice of Kut. Dist. 24 Nov. 1768 ; Anna, b. prob. 1750, ra. Experience Luce
30 Nov. 1769 ; Deliverance, b. 25 Mar. 1753, ra. Barnabas Cushman of Wil
mington, Vt., 15 Feb. 1781; Bethia, bap. 13 JMay 1768; Moses, bap. 16 Nov.
1760. Joshua tbe f. was a farraer, rera. from Roch. to Hk. soon after 1 Ap.
1751, res. on the Barre road, near Taylor's MUls, marked " M. Lawrence " oii
the R. Map, and d. between 9 Ap. and 4 June 1777; his w. Jane d 15 Nov
1795, a. 77.
4. Ebenezer, s. of Ebenezer (2), m. Lydia Richmond of N. Br. 18 Dec
1763, and had Noah, b. 22 Jan. 1765, d. unm. at the town farm 22 Jan'.

LAWRENCE — LAWTON. 411
1847; Susanna, b. 6 Dee 1766; Rachel, b. 18 May 1769; Lydia, b. 26 June
1771, d.unra. 21 July 1817; Elizabeth, h. 1 Ap. 1773, ra. WiUiam NeweU,
pub. 3 May 1797; Joshua, h. 27 June, 1777; Wilder, b. 16 Dec. 1779; Sally, b.
31 Oct. 1783, ra. Charles AV. Fisk 17 Mar. 1818. Ebenezer the f. was a
farmer, res. on the homestead, and d. 2 Aug. 1811 ; his w. Lydia d. 21 June
1811, a. 68.
5. Moses, s. of Joshua (3), m. Abigail Johnson ot Barre 15 Feb. 1781; she
d. (kUled by falling upon the handle of a fire-shovel, which pierced her body)
16 July 1811, a. 51, and he m. Sophia, dau. ot John Hastings, Esq., pub. 18
Sep. 1814. His chU were: William, b. 8 Ap. 1782, m. Betsey Bridges 25 Mar.
1804, who d. 16 May 1818, a. 38; Elnathan, b. 21 Oct. 1783; Lucinda, b. 6
June 1785, ra. Jo.shua Lawrence 15 Oct 1812; Ira, b. 9 May 1787; Harlow, b.
18 Sep. 1788; infant b.  , d. 2 Dee 1791; Reuel, b. 12 Mar. 1792 ; Moses,
b. 1 May 1793; infant, twin with Moses, d. 17 Aug. 1793 ; Aaron, h. 22 Dec.
1794, d. 2 :May 1819 ; SaUy. b. 30 May 1797; Abigail, b. 28 Oct 1799, prob.
m. Alonzo Emmons 3 Dee 183S ; Hiram, h. 20 Feb. 1801; Anna, b. 5 Oct
1802, m. Noah AA^ AA'hite 5 Nov. 1826, and d. at Brk. 24 Jan. 1868; Abiathar,
b. 14 Aug. 1804, m. Harriet Hapgood ot Barre, pub. 5 Nov. 1831, and d. at
Barre 6 May 1877; Mary, b. 17 Ap. 1816; Henry H., b. 5 Oct 1817; and prob.
three more by first wife, who was said to be the mother of eighteen children.
Moses the f. was a farmer, res. on the homestead, and d. 12 Oct. 1836 ; his w.
Sophia d. in 1848.
6. Joshua, s. of Ebenezer (4), m. Lucinda, dau. of Moses Lawrence, 15
Oct. 1812, and had Lucinda, b.  1813, m. Erastus W. Paige 2 May, 1833,
and d. 18 Mar. 1849. Joshua the f. was a farmer and lieutenant of cavalry;
res. on the homestead, and d. 22 Mar. 1814; his w. Lucinda d. 30 Mar. 1856,
a. 70.
7. Moses, s. of Moses (5), m. Maria Howe of Barre, pub. 8 Feb. 1819, and
had Aaron, b. 14 Feb. 1820 ; Charles Emory, b. 13 July 1824, d. (drowned) 9
Aug. 1845 ; Hannah Maria, b. 11 Ap. 1827, ra. John Y. Ellsworth 1 May
1849, and d. 15 Sep. 1856. Moses the f. res. near the Barre line, at the place
marked " M. Lawrence, Jr.," on the R. Map.
8. Hiram, s. of Moses (6), ra. Alraira Hale, pub. 26 Nov. 1827; she d. 10
Sep. 1850, a. 44, and he m. Emily Whitney of Clinton, pub. 17 .June 1851. His
chil. were: Samuel Edmunds, b. 16 July 1829 ; Charles Elnathan, b. 15 Oct
1830; Perley Hale, b. 12 July 1832; Hiram Henry, b. 24 Sep. 1834; Elvira
Lucretia,h. 28 May 1837, d. 3 Feb. 1838; Lucius W., b.  1842, d. 14 May
1848, a. 6; Moses Johnson, b. 8 Nov. 1844, d. 8 Sep. 1845; Emory J, b. 26
Jan. 1848, d. 16 Feb. 1848.
9. Aaron, s. of Moses (7), m. Mary A. Perry 27 Dec. 1843, and had George
Howe, b. 24 Dec. 1844. Aaron* the f. d. at Worcester 9 Mar. 1859.
10. Francis, by w. Sophia, had Mary, b. 15 Oct. 1865.
Ebenezer, perhaps Ebenezer (2), was pub. to Jemima Shurtleff of Plymp
ton 30 Sep. 1776. George F., of Cornplanter, Pa., m. Josephine H. Barthol
omew 1 Oct 1870.
Lawton, John, of " SufBeld, had James, Benedicta, Mary, and perhaps
others, d. 19 Dec. 1690, and his wid. Benedicta d. 18 Nov. 1692." Savage's
Gen. Diet.
2. .James, s. of John (1), of Suffield, "had Jacob, who was several years
representative, and, from caprice, adopted in his business as a lawyer the name
of Christopher Jacob." Savage's Gen. Diet. He had also a son James. Both
the sons rem. to Leicester in 1735.
3. James, s. of Jaraes (2), had son James, and perhaps others. He was a
saddler, and after 1735 res. in Leicester. No record is found of births or
deaths of his family.
4. James, s. of James (3), prob. b. in Suffield about 1714, went with his
father to Leicester, where he m. Mary Earl 1 July 1741 ; she d. and he m. Jo
anna, dau. ot Richard Clark of Watertown, 16 Nov. 1746 ; she d. at Hk. 31 July
1759, a. 41, and he ra. Mrs. Temperance Fuller, ot Rut Dist (Barre), pub. 14
June 1772. His chil. -were: James, b. 22 Sep. 1747; Clark, b. about 1749; Ja-

412 LAWTON.
cob, b. about 1752; John, bap. 28 July 1754; Israel, bap. 12 Feh 1758.
James the f. was a saddler, rem. from Leicester to Hk. about 1752, bought
the farm of Experience Johnson on the easterly road to Gilbertville, marked
" J. Lawton " on the R. Map, and d. there 24 Sep. 1787, a. 73; a head-stone
of peculiar appearance, in the southerly part of the old ceraetery, marks the
spot where he and his wife Joanna, the mother of his children, were buried.
5. James, s. of James (4), m. Mary Raymond 3 Jan. 1771, and had Pliny,
b. 29 July 1771; James, b. 24 Ap. 1773, d. young; Joanna, b. 7 Feb. 1775, m.
Jude Kimball 26 Auo-. 1793; Relief, b. 30 June 1777, ra. Abijah Lathrop ot
Rutland, Vt., 22 Feb. 1801 ; James, b. 18 Aug. 1781 ; Mary, b. 18 Oct. 1783,
m. Nathan Weeks 12 Ap. 1807 ; TJvy, h. about 1786 ; Almira, b. — Nov. 1788,
bap. 28 June 1789, d. 18 Feb. 1790; Franklin,bap.22 Aug. 1790 ; Dwight Fos
ter, bap. 16 June 1793, res. in the State of New York. James the f. was a far
mer and res. on the homestead ; he raarched with the " minute-men " in April
1775, was adjutant to Col. Timothy Paige, in opposition to the Shays Insur
rection, a. hcensed retailer in 1778, innholder 1779, a deputy sheriff several
years, coroner 1803, and d. 1 Jan. 1804 ; ^ his w. Mary m. Major James Paige
22 Mar. 1807.
6. Clark, s. of James (4), ra. Joanna Cook of Amherst, pub. 20 Sep. 1774,
and bad Martin, b. 19 Jan. 1776 ; Hannah, bap. 27 Mar. 1782 ; and in Amh.,
Chester, bap. 15 Aug. 1784; James, bap. 14 June 1789; Joanna, bap. 1 May
1790. Clark the f. was a saddler, res. a few rods south of tbe Common, at
tbe place marked " W. Mandell " on the R. Map, but rem. to Amherst before
the 15th of August 1784. His subsequent history is not ascertained.
7. Jacob, s. of Jaraes (4), m. Susanna Foster ot Ware, pub. 16 Nov. 1777;
she d. at Barnard, Vt, 27 Nov. 1819, a. 64, and he ra. Mrs. Anna Sabin 14
Dee 1820. His chil. were : Christopher Jacob, b. 2 Oct 1778, m. PoUy Sabin at
Barnard, Vt, 20 Sep. 1802 ; John, b. 14 Aug. 1780, grad. Mid. Coll. 1805,
was a teacher at Poughkeepsie and Salem, N. Y., pastor of the church at Wind
ham, Vt., 1809-19, and at Hillsborough, N. H., 1819-34, afterwards mis
sionary in Illinois, and d. at Newport, N. H, 17 Ap. 1842; Jo.seph, b. 5 Feb.
1784, d. at Bar. 15 Oct 1807; Cyrus, b. 10 Ap. 1786, ra. at Bar., Deborah,
dau. of Prince Haskell, 6 Sep. 1807, and d. there 16 Jan. 1817; and in Bar
nard, Susanna, b. 5 Aug. 1788; Joanna, b. 4 Jan. 1793 ; Lydia, b. 14 June
1795. Jacob the f. rera. to Barnard, Vt, about 1787, and d. there 23 Aug.
1836, a. 84 ; his w. Anna d. 2 Aug. 1831, a, 76. The graves of Mr. Lawton
and his two wives are in the southeasterly part of the central burial-place in
Barnard. 8. John, s. of Jaraes (4), ra. Sarah Healy of Dudley, and had Lucinda, b.
about 1791, d. unm. 22 Dee 1819, a. 28; John, b. about 1792; Theolotia, b.
about 1794, m. Crighton Ruggles 21 Nov. 1816, and d. s. p. 27 June 1817, a.
23; Sarah, h. about 1796, d. unm. 6 May 1821, a. 24; Sanford and Danforth,
twins, b. 11 Dec. 1798. John the t. was a tanner, and lieutenant of cavalry;
he res. in Dudley and Charlton from the time of his raarriage until about 1807,
when he rem. to Hk. with his whole family, and bought fhe homestead for
merly occupied by his father and by his brother James. Late in life he rem. to
Monson, where he d. 4 Ap. 1842, a. 88 ; his w. Sarah d. " near the same time,"
a. 76, " and was buried with him in the same grave." MS. Letter.
9. Israel, s. ot Jaraes (4), by w. Catherine, had Polly, h. 13 Ap. 1782. So
says the record. He then m. Dolly, dau. of EUsha BiUings, 26 Aug. 1784,
and rem. to Wilmington, Vt, where hehad Charlotte, b. 28 Nov. 1784; Mersi-
loa, b. 26 May 1788; Harriet, b. 22 Ap. 1790; Dency, b. 14 Jan. 1792; Dul-
cetia, b. 4 Feb. 1796 ; Israel, b. 10 Feb. 1798; James, b. 30 Nov. 1799. Israel
the f. was a sergeant in the Revolutionary Army 1 780, and a representative ot
WUraington in the General Assembly of Verraont in 1801 and 1802. He d. at
Wilm. 26 Sep. 1844, a. about 87 ; his w. Dolly d. 12 Feb. 1816, a. 52.
1 At the time of his decease, Mr. Lawton Grand Master of Masons in Massachusetts,
was Master of Mount Zion Lodge, and his and other representatives of the Grand
funeral was conducted with public Masonic Lodge were present.
ceremonies, at which Isaiah Thoraas, the

LAWTON — LEONARD. 413
10. Pliny, s. ot James (5), m. PoUy, dau. of George Field, 22 Feb. 1801, and
had Eluthera Field, b. 10 July 1802, m. Rev. George Stone of Sandgate, Vt.,
10 July 1831 ; Pliny, b. 29 Dec. 1804; James, b. 1 Oct. 1807, m. Mary L. Nich
ols of Brimfield, pub. 26 Feb. 1835; Lucius, b. 2 Jan. 1812, ra. Susan Clark 3
Ap. 1834; Laura Loraine, b. 10 July 1816, d. unm. 6 June 1837. Pliny the
f. was a farmer, for several years a inember of the school committee, and res.
near GilbertviUe, at the place marked " P. Lawton " on the R. Map. About
1838 he rem. to Patterson, N. J.
11. .James, .s. of Jaraes (5),m. Patty Wilson 12 Ap. 1804, and had James
Clark, b. 20 Sep. 1805. James the f. res. on the homestead, but early rem.
from the town.
12. Livy, s. of James (5), m. Mary, dau. of Maj. Moses Mandell, 5 Feb.
1810, and had Algernon Sidney, b. about 1811, d. 11 Mar. 1828, a. 17. Livy
the f. was a merchant in Rutland, Vt., at the time of his marriage ; afterwards
kept a hotel at Saratoga ; he d. at Keene, N. H., when on a journey, in June
1824; his w. returned here and d. 5 Aug. 1874, a. nearly 88.
13. John, s. ot John (8), m. Mary Dwight of Warren, pub. 24 Jan. 1820,
and had William B.,b. 29 Ap. 1821 ; Mary Ann, b. 1 Sep. 1823, m. Brainnard
T. Brewer of AAilbraham 11 Sep. 1844 ; Martha M., b. 25 Aug. 1825, m. Wil
liam P. Ruggles 22 Feb. 1846; Emily P., b. 12 Aug. 1825 ; Eliza Jane, b. 14
Nov. 1832, m. George C. Howard 16 May 1850; Ellen Frances, bap. 28 Dec.
1838. John the f. was a farmer, and captain of cavalry ; he res. on the home
stead, rem. to Wilbrahara about 1861, and d. 16 Nov. 1854, a. 62.
14. Sanford, s. ot John (8), grad. Y. C. 1825, studied tor the rainistry,
and appears to have been ordained, but devoted himselt to teaching in schools
of high grade at Dudley, Monson, Springfield, and Long Meadow. He ra.
 , and had Mary Ann, who d. unm. 22 Nov. 1870, a. 40; Sanford, grad.
Y. C. 1852, a physician in Springf., where he d. 23 July 1882, a. 50; John
William, a physician in Syracuse, N. Y. Sanford the f. rem. from Long
Meadow to Springf. iu 1874, and d. 7 Nov. 1882. In the notice of his death
it is stated that "his wife died in 1878, and his four children are all dead."
My efforts to obtain a more full account of this family have been unsuccessful.
15. Danforth, s. of John (8), entered Williams College, but did not com
plete his course. He res. in AA/^ilbrahara, and was living unra. in 1882.
Leach, Lemuel, ra. Rebecca Washburn 12 Oct. 176 7, and had Oliver, b.
at Bridgewater 3 June 1768, and bap. at Hk. 1 Nov. 1772; Matilda, b. at Hk.
2 Mar. 1770; Rebecca, b. 25 Mar. 1773 ; Lemuel, b. 2 July 1775, d. at Shutes
bury 26 Ap. 1860; Stephen, b. 13 Nov. 1777; and at Wendell, Gardner, Bar
nabas, Lewis, and Artemas. Lemuel the f. was s. ot Stephen, and b'. at
Bridgewater in 1745, rem. to Hk. in 1769, and thence to Wendell about 1778,
having served, in 1776, as an ensign in the Revolutionary AVar.
Legate, Charles, by w. Maria, had Charles F., b. — Mar. 1840, d. 29
Nov. 1840; a son, b. 19 Feb. 1844; a son, b. 3 Ap. 1847; Edwin Orlando, b.
10 July 1849.
2. Francis, s. ot Charles and Abigail, and prob. brother of Charles (1), b.
in 1817, m. Jane R. Peck 2 June 1847, and had Francis Augustus, b. 14 Feb.
1854 ; Lizzie Jane, b. 23 Dec. 1856, d. 30 Nov. 1858.
3. Augustus F. (called Francis Augustus in the record of birth), s. of Fran
cis (2), ra. Ida F. Eldridge 26 Oct 1876, and had Theron F., b. 4 June 1878.
Henry A., s. of Charles and Martha, d. at Rowe, 14 Jan. 1878, a. 56.
Leonard, Moses, m. Mercy, dau. of Moses Newton (and sister of Deac.
Josiah Newton), by whom he had Moses, b. 1 Nov. 1706; Ezra, b. 19 Sep.
1711 ; Mercy, b. 1 Dec. 1714, m. Samuel Robinson 29 May, 1732; and by
second wife Hannah hehad Jonas, b. 19 Oct 1717; Moses the f. res. in Marl
borough (where his chil. were born), Southborough, Brookfield, Rutland, Barre,
and for a short period in Hardwick. He d. in extreme old age.
2. Ezra, s. of Moses (1), m. Olive, dau. of Benjamin Sraith, 1 June 1737,
and had Sarah, b. 7 Mar. 1739, d. 15 Sep. 1746; Benjamin, b. 5 Aug. 1741,
d. 7 Sep. 1746; Nathan, b. 25 Sep. 1743; Mercy, b. 3 Feb. 1746, d. 19 Sep.
1746; David, b. 30 July, 1747, res. at Cummington, m. Hannah Whipple 15

414 LEONARD — LOCKE.
Feb. 1773; Levi,b. 10 Oct 1749; Sarah, twin, b. 8 Sep. 1751, m. Samuel
Whipple 30 Mar. 1775; Mercy, twin, b. 8 Sep. 1751, m. Jonathan Flynt of
Western (Warren) 18 June 1772; Olive, b. 1 Nov. 1753, ra. Tiraothy Fay 23
Mar. 1776; Ezra, b. 2 Nov. 1767. Ezra the f. was in Brk. 1736, but rem. to
Hk. before June 1737, and res. in the westerly part of the town, at the place
marked " D. Utley " on the R. Map. He was a farmer, selectman four years,
and assessor in 1760. In 1757 he was ensign of Capt Joseph Warner's com
pany, which marched for the relief ot Fort William Henry. In his old age he
rera. to WUbrahara, with his son-in-law Flynt, and d. 29 June 1798; his w.
Olive d. 16 Feb. 1798, a. 83.
3. Nathan, s. ot Ezra (2), m. Amittai, dau. ot David Cutler of Lexington,
26 Nov. 1766, and had Joseph, b. 24 Oct 1767; Molly, b. 7 Feb. 1770; Na
than, b. 17 July 1772; Benjamin, b. 23 Oct 1774; Luther, b. 20 Ap. 1777.
Nathan the f. was a cordwainer, and captain of militia. He was a meraber
of the corapany of " rainute-raen " which proraptly responded to the summons
on the 19th of April, 1775, and served his country in the year 1778 as captain
in Col. Nathaniel Wade's regiment.
4. Ezra, s. of Ezra (2), m. Abia Allen 23 Oct 1781 ; and prob. m. (2d)
Lucy Seaver, pub. 5 July 1807. He had dau. Joanna, b. 9 Aug. 1783; and
perhaps others.
5. Hiram AV., parentage not ascertained, ra. Huldah S. BiUings 23 Feb.
1834, and had William Henry, b. 29 Jan. 1844; a daughter, b. 3 Oct 1851;
and perhaps also Carrie R., who ra. AVarren T. T'olman of Dana 18 Ap. 1866.
Beulah, of Rut, ra. Araos Marsh, pub. 16 July 1757. Prudence, of Taun
ton, ra. Capt Israel Trow, pub. 1 Ap. 1811. Alvira, of N. Sal., ra. Pliny
Clifford, pub. 11 June 1825. Hope C, ra. Samuel Pike of Tolland, Conn., 3
Nov. 1831. Eliza, ra. Orestes S. Thayer ot Dana 22 Dec. 1867. AVidow
Persis, d. 28 Mar. 1845, a. 73.
Lincoln, Samuel, by w. Mehetabel, had Roxana, b. 27 Feb. 1788; Emer
son, b. 2 Nov. 1789; Obed, h. 15 Ap. 1792.
2. Burt, by wife Mary, had George Burt, b. 25 Aug. 1817; Marietta, b. 17
Sep. 1820, m. Nehemiah Conkey 28 Nov. 1844. Burt the f. was a cooper,
rem. here from Pet. in 1817, res. on the Barre road at the place marked "Mr.
Lincoln " on the R. Map, and d. 14 Dec. 1866, a. 81; his w. Mary d. 2 May
1857, a. 66.
3. Joseph N., ra. Abbie Jane, dau. of Gardner Bartholoraew, and formerly
w. of Charles L. Trow, 12 May 1870, and had Mabel Caroline, b. 11 Feb.
1871; Joseph Gardner, b. 18 Oct 1876; Waldo Chandler, b. 1 Sep. 1878.
Joseph N. tbe f., a carpenter and insurance agent, res. in the Old Furnace
village. Seth, of Western, ra. Lucy, dau, of Deac. Christopher Paige, 10 Oct. 1751.
Chloe, ra. Perez Rice 8 Ap. 1779. Betsey, m. Robert Sprout, 17 Sep. 1781.
Lucy, late of Abington, m. Sylvanus BrimhaU 3 July 1810. Fanny, ot
Western (Warren), ra. Joseph Paige 23 Ap. 1816. Mrs. Hannah O., dau. of
Stephen Chandler, Rochester, Vt, d. 24 Mar. 1873, a. 81.
Locke, Josiah, by w. Persis, had in Westborough, Catherine, h. 31 Aug.
1760, ra. Araos Wheeler; John, b. 11 Nov. 1763, m. Phebe Matthews; in
Leicester, Persis, b. 13 July 1766, ra. George Jenkins, and d. s. p. 1844; Jo
siah, b. 14 Feb. 1768, ra. EUzabeth Hartwell  1791 ; and in Hardwick,
Hannah, b. 26 Aug. 1770, m. Elijah Easton 1793; Hepzibah, b. 16 Aug. 1772,
m. Oliver Perry; Fanny, b. 4 Sep. 1775, m. Silas Hamilton 3 Ap. 1803; Ira,
b. 14 Nov. 1777, m. Persis Hamilton — Nov. 1800. Josiah the f. was b. at
Westborough 6 Feb. 1735, and was s. ot Joshua, and a descendant from Deac.
William Locke of Woburn. He m. Persis Matthews of New Braintree, who d.
at Litchfield, N. Y., 21 Ap. 1839, reputed to have attained the extraordinary
age of 103 years, 5 months, and 7 days, having had 8 chU., 67 gr. chU., 147 gr.
gr. chU., and 32 of the tourth generation. Captain Locke rem. trom West
borough to Leicester about 1765, to Hardwick about 1768, to WUmington, Vt.,
about 1779, where he was a justice of the peace, and finally to fitchfield,
N. Y., where he d. 18 Ap. 1819, a. 84. This sketch is condensed from a more

LOCKE — MANDELL. 415
fuU account in the " Book of the Lockes," which represents Captain Locke as
a storekeeper in Hardwick. It may be added, that he was an assessor in 1774,
Ueutenant of the "minute-raen," and marched with them to Cambridge on the
memorable 19th of April, 1775, hut did not enter the regular service. He
was commissioned as captain of a company of militia in Hk. 31 May 1776.
Luce, Experience, res. near Barre, at the place marked " N. Richmond "
on the R. Map, m. Anna Lawrence 30 Nov. 1769, and had Anna Drusilla (d.
3 Feb. 1803, a. 17), Apollos, and Patty, all bap. 29 Aug. 1794. Of these,
Apollos was lieutenant ot militia, and in. Mercy Childs of Barre, pub. 30 Oct.
1808; and Anna, prob. m. Benjamin Padden ot Kingsboro, N. Y., 28 Dec.
1806. As no other record is found ot births or deaths in this family, my
account is necessarily very imperfect.
2. M.\YO, prob. s. of Experience (1), m. Joanna, dau. of Stephen Gorham,
1 July 1793, then res. in Pet., but soon rem. to Barre, where he had ten chil.,
all baptized here, to wit: Artemas, Gamaliel, Calvin, Anson, Horace, all bap.
25 Jan. 1803; DrusUla,b&p. i Sep. 1803; Anna, bap. 22 June 1806; Elnathan
Gorham, and Lyndon, both bap. 10 Oct. 1811; and a dau. named Emera, bap.
11 June 1815.
Prudence, m. Noah Rice of Barre, 80 Aug. 1781. Sally, m. Lemuel
French, pub. 30 Mar. 1789. Jane, m. David Gorham 8 Aug. 1791. Rhoda,
m. Moses Ruggles, 25 Jan. 1798. Jemima, m. Ira Draper, pub. 28 July 1822.
Lyscom, Ebenezer, m. Mary Hooker 8 Oct 1764, and had Samuel, b.
30 Nov 1765 ; Persis, b. 19 Mar. 1772. Mary the mother d. 16 May 1797,
a. 57.
Maccoye, William, by w. Mary, had Hannah, bap. 4 June 1738; Beulah,
bap. 24 ^lay 1741. William tbe t. was perhaps the same who m. Tabitha
Fay of Sturbridge, pub. 20 Oct. 1744. He was prob. a carpenter, an assessor
in 1737, and seems to have rem. and d. before 7 Mar. 1747-8, when it was voted
to raise fifty pounds old tenor, "to maintain Hannah Maccoye sent to this
town for that intent." She was the first pauper named on the records, re
mained chargeable until 1765, and is supposed to have been dau. of William.
Mary, m. Benjamin Warren 29 May 1744.
McEvOY, Patrick, ra. Ann Fehan 12 Feb. 1872.
M.vHAN, Michael, m. Ellen Carney 3 Mar. 1867, and had Daniel, b. 19
Sep. 1870; John Patrick, b. 22 Dec. 1876.
Mandell, John (or Mendall, as the name was formerly written, and still
is written in Bristol and Plymouth counties), res. in Marshfield, was a rope-
maker, and executed a will 10 May 1711, being then " aged and weak in
body," which was proved 8 Feb. 1720. He devised to his son John, one
shUling, having previously provided for him ; to " grandson Francis Crooker
all ray rope-making tools that I do use in or about the making of ropes after
I have done using them rayself;" and the remainder of his estate to his
daughters, Mercy Tinkum, Sarah Torry, Hannah Tilden, and Ruth Doty.
2. John, s. of John (1), m. Joanna, dau. of Richard Standlake of Scituate,
and had in Rochester, John, b. 15 Dee 1688; Joanna, h. 13 May 1690 ; Moses,
b. 24 Mar. 1695. John the f. was a farmer, res. in Rochester, and executed
his wUl 6 June 1738, proved 14 July 1743, directing his " body to be decently
buried by my executor after named, and my son John to be at the charge of
it, in consideration of what I have given him by deed ; " specific legacies of
personal estate are bequeathed to dau. Joanna, and son Moses, who is named
as executor.
3. Moses, s. of John (2), res. in Rochester, 1715, in Falmouth 1725, and in
that part of Dartmouth now Acushnet, 1740; he was successively styled
"house carpenter," " drover," "innholder," "dealer," and "gentleman"; he
d. at Dartm. 18 May 1746, and his sons Lemuel and Paul were appointed ad
ministrators 27 July 1746. Hisreal estate, valued at 1200 pounds, was divided
in 1 748 between his widow Susanna, and children Lemuel (or Lamuel, as he
seems generally to have written his name), Noah * (who was here in 1 756,
I "We hear that on the 20th ult. a daughter about 13 years of age, intending to take a
of Mr. Noah Mandell, of Rutland District, dose of brimstone (her parents being frora

416 MANDELL.
and d. in Barre in 1800 or 1801), Paul, Susanna BaUey, Hannah Weaver, Jo
anna Nichols, and Mary, unmarried.
4. Paul, s. of Moses (3), m. Susanna, dau. of Rev. Tiraothy Ruggles of
Rochester, 8 Feb. 1746-7, and had Hannah, b. at Dartmouth 10 or 20 Jan.
1747-8, m. Gen. Jonathan Warner 6 Feb. 1766; Susanna, b. here 16 Nov.
1749, ra. John Stone 12 May 1768, and d. at Dana 28 July 1844; Moses, b. 16
Dec. 1751; Paul, b. 31 Oct 1753, ra. Mary Briggs of Pet 28 Nov. 1776, res.
in Athol; his inventory was presented by his son Barnabas 25 Mar. 1807;
Barnabas, b. 1 Dee 1755, d. 2 May 1758; Mary,b. 3 Oct 1769, m. John
Doty 19 Sep. 1779. Paul the f. changed the orthography ot his name from
Mendall to Mandell, was a " shopkeeper " in Dartm. until the spring ot 1749,
when he rem. to Hk., having purchased the valuable farm notable for its
immense extent of stone wall, which still reraains in possession of his pos
terity ; his house stood on the old turnpike, at the place marked " M. Man
dell " on the R. Map. He was a very active, energetic, and useful citizen. He
was captain of militia, and led his company in the expedition against Crown
Point from 20 Sep. to 12 Nov. 1766 (his brother Noah being promoted from
the office of ensign to that ot lieutenant on the 29th ot October), and a
second campaign in 1758, after the surrender of " Fort AVilliam Henry." At
the commencement of the Revolution, when the militia was reorganized, as
recoraraended by tbe Convention at AA'orcester,' he was again elected captain
22 Sep. 1774, and was commissioned as brigade major 13 Mar. 1778. He was
a selectraan eleven years, between 1766 and 1775, assessor thirteen years,
between 1751 and 1775, town clerk 1770, representative 1773, 1774, delegate
to the first and second Provincial Congress 1774, 1776, was appointed justice
of the peace by the revolutionary government 26 Sep. 1776, and held that
office many years, being generally designated "Squire Mandell." He d. 16
Sep. 1809, a. 86; his w. Susanna d. 16 Dec. 1813, a. nearly 92.
5. Moses, s. of Paul (4), m. Mary, dau. of Capt. Daniel Wheeler, 28 May
1777; she d. 20 Ap. 1782, and he m. Abigail, dau. of John Mason, Esq., of
Barre, pub. 22 Dec. 1782. His chil. were : Daniel, b. 27 Oct. 1783; Martin, b.
20 July 1785; Mary, b. 20 Nov. 1786, m. Livy Lawton '5 Feb. 1810; and d.
here 5 Aug. 1874; Sidney, b. 4 July 1788, ra. Eliza, dau. of David Jones ot
Boston, 27 Dec. 1812, res. in Boston, had chil., among whom was David J. of
Athol, in early life a clergyman ; Mason, b. 4 Mar. 1790, res. in Barre, where
he ra.  , had chil., and d. 4 July 1825 ; Abigail, b. 13 Mar. 1 792, in. Elijah
Utley of Boston, 25 Sep. 1820, and d. 13 Mar.' 1834; Moses, b. 1 Dec. 1793,
res. at Dorchester and afterwards at Barre, where he d. 3 Sep. 1866, leaving
posterity: Waller, b. 16 Dec. 1796; Clara, b. 3 Oct 1799, ra. Ebeneze?
Jones, of Augusta, Me, pub. 11 Ap. 1825, and is stiU Uving, a widow, in
1883. Moses tbe f. was a farraer, and inherited the horaestead. He was aid-
de-carap to his brother-in-law, Maj. Gen. Warner, before Dec. 1782, probably
in 1781, and was thenceforth known as "Major Mandell." He was selectraan
six years, between 1785 and 1817, and assessor seven years, between 1801 and
1819. He d. 18 June 1826 ; his w. Abigail d. 6 (or 7) Aug. 1840, a. 82.
6. Daniel, s. of Moses (5), m. Eliza Patrick 30 Ap. 1807, and had Martha
Eliza, b. 10 June 1808; Delphia Maria, b. 23 Feb. 1810, m. A. AV. Seaver of
Northborough; William Andrew, b. 13 July 1811, grad. A. C. 1838, pastor ot
the church in Lunenburg, and elsewhere, now res. in Carabridge; Moses John
son, b. 14 Ap. 1813; infant b.  , d. 22 Ap. 1815; Mary Ann, b. 29 Mar.
1816, d. unm. 10 Aug. 1839; Thaddeus Sobieski, b. 15 Feb. 1820, u. merchant
in Boston, d. 23 June 1882 ; George, b. about 1822, d. unra. at Lunenburg 23
May 1861, a. 39. Daniel the f. was a farraer, and lieutenant of railitia" he
res. on the road to Barre, at the place marked « Mr. Haven " on the R. Mao,
and d. 26 June 1822. ^

home), through a mistake took from a shelf four and five o'clock in the morning and
some copperas and took about a spoonful in expired in about flve minutes." Mass. Spy,
milk; soon after complaining, a physician " '¦'-'- '"'•'"
being sent for, and an emetic imme"diately
given, she waa thought to be in a fair way
of recovery; but waa again taken between

ouiiic ^«jtj>jcia», ttuu Luui^ uuuuL H-spoouiui IU cxpircd in a
milk; soon after complaining, a phvsician 6 Feb. 1772.
being sent for, and an emetic immediately i Journal of Each Provincial Congress
given, she waa thought to be in a fair way p. 643.

MANDELL — MANLY. 417
7. Martin, s. of Moses (5), ra. PhUa, dau. of Joel Marsh, pub. 18 Sep.
1808, and had Delphia, b. 25 Dec. 1810, d. unm. 19 May 1832 ; Elbridge, b.
8 Ap. 1812; Henry, b. 12 Jan. 1814, rem. to Ohio; Charles, b. 7 Jan. 1.S16-
Harriet, h. 24 Oct 1818, d. 27 Feb. 1821; Joel Diviglit,h. 6 Nov. 1820; Phila,
b. 5 Ap. 1824, m. Dr. Jason B. Thomas ot Palmer (now Thorndike) 17 Ap.
1850. Martin the f. was a farmer, a captain of militia, and inherited the
homestead; he was selectraan in 1825, and d. 12 Sep. 1855; his w. Phila d. 14
Feb. 1879, a. 91.
8. AA^ALTER, s. of Moses (5), m. JuUa Ann Freeman of Oakham, pub. 15
Dee 1828; she d. 29 Sep. 1833, a. 29, and he m. Olive P. Whiting 30 Nov.
1837; she d. 29 July 1838, a. 31, and he m. AdeUne, dau. of Capt Stephen
W. Paige, 31 Jan. 1842; she d. 3 Oct 1842, a. 31, and he m. a fourth wife.
His chil. were Henry E., b.  ; Daniel Webster, b. 19 Nov. 1831, grad. Mid.
CoU. 1850, a teacher at Brandon, Vt., and Flushing, L. I.; Walter Grenville,
b. 1 Oct, 1848. AValter the f. was a farmer, and captain of militia; he res.
on the farra formerly occupied by his brother Daniel, and afterwards near the
Coramon. He was selectman three years, assessor nine years, member of
school committee sixteen years, and d. 25 June 1863.
9. Elbridge, s. of Martin (7), m. Lucy R., dau. ot Capt Stephen AV.
Paige, 18 June 1844, and had Martin Elbridge, b. 16 Feb. 1849, d. 14 Dec.
1852; William Dwight, b. 25 Ap. 1853, ra. Eraraa F. Clapp 10 May 1882, and
res. in Springfield; Caroline Lucy, b. 11 Mar. 1856; West Paige, b. 3 Nov.
1859, d. 18 Aug. 1861; Mabel Reed, b. 16 Jan. 1862. Elbridge the f., a
farmer, res. near the old homestead, at the place marked " B. Fay " on the
R. Map. He was selectraan in 1863.
10. Charles, s. of Martin (7), m. Martha, dau. ot Dr. Joseph Stone, 3
Mar. 1846, and had Joseph Stone, b. 25 Aug. 1847; Charles Martin, b. 29 Nov.
1852; Calvin, b. 8 Mar. 1855, d. 29 Sep. 1863; George, b. 8 June 1858.
Charles the f., a farmer, res. on the former homestead of Brigadier Ruggles,
on the easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " J. Mann " on the
R. Map.
11. Joel Dwight, s. of Martin (7), m. Mary Elizabeth, dau. of John Dean,
2 Ap. 1846; she d. 17 Ap. 1847, and he m. Malinda H. Winter of Ware, pub.
28 June 1851; she d. 27 Nov. 1863, a. 39. His chU. were Dwight Dean, b. 8
Ap. 1847, d. 23 Ap. 1849; Frank, b. 14 Ap. 1852; Elizabeth, b. 22 Oct 1853,
m. Charles A. Gleason of N. Br., 17 Nov. 1875; Elliott, b. 28 June 1855, d. 31
Aug. 1859; Louis, b. 2 Dec. 1858; Arthur, b. 27 Oct 1860. Joel Dwight
the f., a farmer, assessor three years, 1861-3, res. on the horiiestead, rem. to
Minnesota about 1880.
12. Algernon S., by w. Marietta, had Eliza Marietta, b. 3 May, 1852.
Widow Sarah, m. Ammiel Weeks 26 Feb. 1778.
Manly, Ichabod, m. Experience PhiUips in Easton,  1739, and had
Josiah, b. 21 Ap. 1740, prob. d. young; Mary, b.  1742; Nathaniel, b.
 1744; Freelove, b.  1746 ; Reuben, b.  1757,res. in Enfield; prob.
Josiah, b. about 1761. Ichabod the f. res. in Easton, but in his old age (prob.
in 1794, with his son Josiah) rem. to Hardwick, where he d. 11 Jan. 1799, a.
89; his w. Experience d. in 1805, a. 82.
2. Josiah, in all probability son of Ichabod (1), though the birth is not
found on record, m. EUzabeth, dau. of Seth Bryant of Bridgewater, in 1789,
and bad Zeby, b. 24 Feb. 1790, m. Zebina Forbush 24 Ap. 1811; Ichabod, b.
2 July 1791, ra. Lucinda Reed at Brookfield, Conn., 25 Ap. 1817; Lillia Staf
ford, b. 12 Mar. 1794, d. 13 Feb. 1795; Lilly Stafford, h. 16 Sep. 1796; Seth
Bryant, b. 14 June 1798, m. Cynthia Jordan 12 May 1824; Benjamin Paige, b.
10 Aug. 1803, m. Sarah E. Barker. Josiah the f. rem. from Easton to Hk. in
the au°umn of 1794, and d. 6 Feb. 1844, a. 82; his w. Elizabeth d. 17 Mar.
1846, a. 80; she was cousin to Dr. Peter Bryant of Cummington, the father of
the poet "VViUiam Cullen Bryant.
3. Lilly Stafford, s. of Josiah (2), m. Susanna Horr, pub. 20 Feb. 1826,
and had Adeline, b. 10 Mar. 1827; Dwight, b. 11 Nov. 1828, d. 11 Oct 1829;
George, b. 17 Oct. 1830; Carlena, b. 29 Jan. 1833; Elutheria, b. 13 Feb. 1835,
27

418 MANLY — MARSH.
m. Charles Baker of Worcester 1 Sep. 1863; Fanny, h. 5 Nov. 1836, m. Wil
Uara Paige 26 June 1861 ; Clara, b. 11 Jan. 1839; Dwight, b. 13 May 1841, d.
27 Ap. 1842; Benjamin, b. 8 Mar. 1843, m. NeUie F., dau. of Forester B. Ai
ken, 23 May 1874; Jane, b. 16 Sep. 1845; Charles, twin, b. 25 Dec. 1849, d.
unm. 20 June 1878 (drowned at Portland, Oregon); EUen, twin, b. 25 Dec.
1849. Lilly S., the f. was an iron-founder, res. on the^oad to Gilbertville, at
the place marked " L. Manly " on the R. Map, was selectraan three years, and
assessor three years; he d. 16 Sep. 1863.
4. George, s. of Lilly S. (3), ra. Mary Ann, dau: of Forester B. Aiken, 23
Feb. 1864, and had George Forester, b. 14 Nov. 1865; Susan Bryant, b. 24 Jan.
1868; Fanny Maria, b. 20 June 1872; May, b. 1 May 1877, d. 19 Aug. 1877;
Charles, b. 18, and d. 19 Aug. 1879. George the f., a farraer, res. on the
homestead, was assessor three years, and has been selectman twenty years, up
to the present tirae.
Mann, widow Sarah, had Joseph and Sarah, both bap. 24 Sep. 1820.
2. Southworth Jenkins, m. Isabella Whiting, pub. 19 Nov. 1827, and had
AbigaU B., b. 22 Aug. 1828, m. Henry D. Fish 10 Mar. 1853 ; Calvin Whiting,
b. 2 Ap. 1831 ; Sarah Jenkins, b. 15 June 1834, d. 9 May 1845 ; Mary Morton,
b. 31 Oct 1837. Southworth J. the f. was a farraer, res. on the easterly
road to Gilbertville, at the place marked" J. Mann " on the R. Map, and d.
10 Ap. 1863, a. 64; his w. Isabella d. 31 May (1 June on the head-stone),
1869, a. 70.
3. Calvin Whiting, s. Southworth J. (2), m. Delphia M., dau. of Moses
M. Warner, 2 Ap. 1$66, at Lee Centre, Illinois, and had Jennie Eliza, b. 15
Jan. 1857; Lucius Calvin Jenkins, b. 17 Ap. 1870. Calvin W. the f., a far
mer, was selectman 1869, 1870, 1871, assessor frora 1879 to the present time,
and res. on tbe easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " Wid.
Marsh ' ' on the R. Map.
4. Asa, was pastor of the Calvinistic Church from 19 June 1844 to 14 Oct.
1851, and acting pastor in 1880 and 1881. He m. Mercy W., dau. ot Timothy
Bruce, pub. 31 Mar. 1848, and had Ellen Louisa, h. 11 June 1849 ; Grace, b.
22 Sep. 1869. He rem. to Exeter, N. H., in 1851.
Sarah Ann, m. Reuben Edward 28 Ap. 1828. Sarah, m. William Cush
man of Tolland, Conn., 11 May 1831.
Marsh, John, of Hartford 1639, rem. to Hadley, thence to Northampton,
and ret. to Harttord, where he d. in 1688. He m. Anne, dau. of Gov. John
Webster; she d. 9 June 1662, and he m. widow Hepzibah Lyraan, who d. 11
Ap. 1683. His chU. were John; Samuel, b. about 1646; Joseph, bap. 24 Jan.
1647; Joseph,hap. 15 July 1649; Jonathan, b. about 1650; Daniel, b. about
1653; Hannah, b.  , m. Joseph Loorais; Grace, b.  , m. Tiraothy Baker;
Lydia, b.  , ra. David Loomis.
2. Samuel, s. of John (1), res. in Hatfield and was representative in 1705,
1706. He ra. Mary Allison 6 May 1667, and had Mary, b. 27 Feb. 1668;
Samuel, b. 11 Feb. 1670 ; John, b. 6 Nov. 1672; Rachel, b. 16 Oct. 1674, m.
John AVells; Grace, b. 7 Jan. 1677, m. Thoraas Goodraan ; Mary, b. 24 May
1678, m. Joseph Morton; Thomas, b. 10 Jan. 1680 ; Hannah, b. 18 Sep. 1681,
ra. Richard BiUings; Elizabeth, b. 31 July 1683, ra. Maynard Day of Hartford;
Ruth, b. 16 June 1685; Ebenezer, b. 1 May 1687. Samuel the f. d. 7 Sep.
1728, a. 83; his w. Mary d. 13 Oct. 1726, a. 78.
3. Thomas, s. of Sarauel (2), m. Mary TrurabuU of Suffield, Conn., 1702,
and had Thomas, b. 1 May 1703, d. unm.  1728; Mary, b. 27 Oct 1704,
m. Moses Sraith  1726; Samuel, b.  1706; Rachel, b.  -1708;
Ruth, b. 15 Feb. 1710; Judah, b. 26 July 1712; Joseph, b. 14 Ap. 1714, per
haps m. AbigaU Siraons 17 May 1750 ; Ephraim, b. 5 Jan. 1717 ; Daniel, b. 12
June 1719 ; Martha, b. 12 Ap. 1721, prob. m. Ebenezer Marsh 17 Nov. 1741.
Thomas the f. res. in Hatfield, and afterwards in AVare ; he d. in 1759.1
4. Samuel, s. ot Thomas (3), m. Zerviah, dau. of WilUam Thomas, 18 Jan.
1731-2, and had Eunice, b. 15 Jan. 1733, d. young; Amos, b. 15 Nov. 1733 ;
1 Thus far I have followed the genealogy of this family as published in Judd's History
of Hadley, pp. 532, 533.

MARSH. 419
Mary, b. 13 June 1735, m. Solomon Emmons of Quobbin, 31 Jan. 1754; Eu
nice, b. 20 Nov. 1737; Patience, b. 20 July 1740, m. Henry GUbert of Brk. 5
Ap. 1764; Thankful and Submit, twins, b. 1 Feb. 1741-2 ; Miriam, b. 18 Jan.
1743 ; Samuel, b. 18 Feb. 1744-5. Samuel the f. d. about 1745, and his w.
Zerviah m. Isaiah Pratt 2 Mar. 1 746-7.
5. Judah, s. of Thomas (3), ra. Hannah, dau. ot Jabez Olmstead 4 Nov.
1736, and had Elijah, bap. 1 Jan. 1737-8; Joel, bap. 8 Ap. 1739, d. youno-;
Rachel, bap. 28 Aug. 1743; Dorothy, bap. 28 Ap. 1761 ; Jonathan, bap. 31 May
1752; Mary, bap. 7 July 1754; Joel, b. 18 July 1759. Besides these were
Thomas and Judah.^ Judah the t. res. at AVare, near the raills still known as
Marsh's Mills, but his chil. were bap. at Hk.; he d. 7 May 1801, a. nearly 89.
6. Ephraim, s. of Thomas (3), m. Sarah, dau. of Jabez Olmstead, 8 Oct.
1741, and had Noah, bap. 17 Ap. 1743; Huldah, bap. 14 Sep. 174G; Sarah,
bap. 28 Ap. 1751; Mary, bap. 5 Oct. 1755. Ephraim the f. res. at Ware, but
his chil. were bap. here.
7. Amos, s. of Samuel (4), m. Beulah Leonard of Rut., pub. 16 July 1757,
and had Samuel, bap. 24 Sep. 1758 ; Mercy, bap. 5 Oct. 1760.
8. Joel, s. of Judah (6), m. Annis Smith 20 Sep. 1785, and had Phila, b. 17
Feb. 1788, m. Martin MandeU 18 Sep. 1808, and d. 14 Feb. 1879; Delphia, b.
12 June 1790, d. unm. of spotted fever 25 Mar. 1810; Dwight, b. 19 Aug.
1793; Joel SmUh, b. 21 Oct. 1803. Joel the f. rem. from Ware to Hk. about
the year 1800, was a farmer, and res. on the easterly road to GilbertviUe, at
the place marked " A. Warner " on the R. Map. He d. 12 Ap. 1804; his w.
Annis ra. Jonathan Warner 18 Oct. 1807, and d., his widow, 17 May 1859, a.
nearly 94.
9. Dwight, s. ot Joel (8), m. Mary C, dau. of Rev. Thomas Holt, 4 Nov.
1817, and had Mary Ann, b. 1 Mar. 1819, m. Joel W. Fletcher of Leominster
28 Ap. 1845, and d. 25 Ap. 1850. Dwight the f. was a farmer, and res. on the
easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " Wid. Marsh " on the R.
Map; he was a member of the school committee, 1821-2, and d. 26 Jan. 1823 ;
his w. Mary d. 20 Ap. 1866, a. 68.
10. Joel Smith, s. of Joel (8), m. Abigail Drury, dau. of Josiah Gleason,
N. Br., 6 June 1837, and had Joel Dwight, b. 10 May 1838, d. 18 Ap. 1845;
Josiah Gleason, b. 1 June 1839, d. 6 Feb. 1844 ; Charles Smith, b. 15 May 1842,
res. in Springfield, a partner in business with his father; Abby Maria, b. 4 Dec.
1843, d. 9 Sep. 1863; Henry Mandell, b. 15 Sep. 1845, d. 24 June 1847;
George Parsons, h. 16 Jan. 1848, d. 13 Ap. 1866. Joel S. the f. owned the
farm on the easterly road to Gilbertville, marked "J. Marsh" on the R. Map,
but after his marriage generally resided near the Common, and managed a
store of English and W. I. goods until about 1850, when he rem. to Springf.,
where he has since transacted an extensive business as a grocer.
11. Marcus, parentage not ascertained, by w. Tamar, had prob. Zenas, b.
about 1793; prob. Triphena, b. about 1798, d. unm. 7 Jan. 1843, a. 44; Mar
cus J., b. about 1800; Mary, b. about 1801, m.  Bartlett, and d. 24 Jan.
1873, a. 71; Tyler, b. about 1802, d. 8 Jan. 1875, a. 73; Sally, b. about 1813,
d. unm. 2 Dec. 1873, a. 60. These, and perhaps others, were probably born
before their parents rem. to Hk. Marcus the f. prob. resided on the road to
Ware, at the place marked " M. J. Marsh" on the R. Map; he d. 10 May
1823, a. 52; his w. Tamar d. 11 Sep. 1864, a. 93.
12. Zenas, prob. s. ot Marcus (11), by w. Fanny, had Samuel Clifford, b.
10 Dec. 1819. Zenas the f. d. 2 July 1834, a. 41.
13. Marcus J., s. ot Marcus (11), m. Araelia Dexter 29 June 1823, and
had Marcus, b. about 1825, d. 3 Ap. 1856, a. 29 years and 9 months; Moses T.,
b.  ; Addison Jefferson, b. 28 July 1843; and prob. several others; but
their birth is not found on record. Marcus J. the f., a farmer, res. on the
road to Ware, at the place raarked "M. J. Marsh " on the R. Map. He d. 9
Mar. 1880, a. 80; his w. Amelia d. 10 Mar. 1880, a. 81.
14. Moses T., s. of Marcus J. (13), m. Sarah B. Newcomb, pub. 30 Mar.
1854, and had Carrie L., b. 1 Jan. 1857; a son b. 5 Ap. 1869; Jennie L., b.
27 Nov. 1872. 1 See H^yde's Hist. Address at Ware, 1847, p. 50.

420 MARSH — MAYO.
15. Erastus, formerly of Townsend, Vt., by w. Sarah J., had Ellen Maria,
b. 9 Nov. 1869. Erastus the f. d. 18 Aug. 1880, a. 57.
Sally, ra. Elijah Cleveland, pub. 14 May 1789. Polly, m. .John Oakes,
pub. 14 July 1793. Prudence, m. Joseph Barnard, Jr., pub. 28 Nov. 1796;
Judah, of Ware, m. Jerusha CoUins 20 Feb. 1800. Jonathan, of Ware, m.
Mary, wid. of Moses Pai^e, 1 Dee 1824. Foster, of Ware, m. Catherine S.
Fish 17 June 1846. Mary E., ra. Dimick Willis, Jr., pub. 2 Nov. 1851.
Martha, m. Alonzo Richardson, pub. 4 Feb. 1863. William A., m. Anna
A. Marsh of AVare, pub. 7 Ap. 1863. Joel B., m. Julia E. Babbitt, pub. 28
Feb. 1865. Lucretia, m. Alfred H. Richardson 21 Nov. 1870.
Martin, Daniel, by w. Fanny, had Fanny, Mary Ann, Louisa Maria,
James Freeman, Lorenzo, Rachel, Thomas, Dwight Manly, allbap. here 10 Sep.
1820, and Sarah WUde, bap. 17 June 1821. Daniel the f. rem. to N. Br.
about 1835.
Mason, Elizabeth (wid. of John, Esq., of Barre), d. 2 Feb. 1822, a,. 95.
May, Samuel B., by w. Maria, had Clinton, b. at Hadley 6 Dec. 1827;
Franklin, h. here 16 Jan. 1831, res. at Southbridge, and d. at New York 12
Oct 1869. Samuel B. the f. d. 4 Oct 1834, a. 32.
Maynard, George C, m. Adeline E. Perry of Wore, pub. 4 June 1849,
and had Hester Newton, b. 26 Feb. 1851; Cornelia, b. 9 Ap. 1852; and the
faraily soon afterwards left the town.
Patty, of Shrews., m. Dr. Joseph Stone, pub. 11 Mar. 1816.
Mayo, John (son of John, who d. at Eastham about 1706, and grandson ot
Rev. John, who was ordained colleague with Rev. John Lothrop at Barnstable
15 Ap. 1640, rera. to Eastham 1646, and thence to Boston, where he was in
stalled first minister ot the North Church 9 Nov. 1655, was dismissed in 1673,
and after short residence in Barnstable and Eastham d. at Yarmouth in May
1676), was b. at Eastham 15 Dec. 1652, ra. Hannah, dau. of Major John Free
man of Eastham, 14 Ap. 1681, and had Hannah, b. 8 Jan. 1682 ; Samuel, b. 16
July 1684; John, b.  ; Mercy, b. 23 Ap. 1688; Rebecca, b.  ; Mary, b.
26 Oct 1694; Joseph, b. 22 Dec. 1696; Elizabeth, b.  1706. John the f.
res. in Hingham until about 1700, when he rem. to Harwich, was representa
tive six years, and d. 1 Feb. 1726. Savage's Geneal. Diet., iii. 187.
2. Joseph, s. of John (1), ra. Abigail Merrick 20 Feb. 1717-18, and had
Josepll, b. 11 Nov. 1718; Moses, b. 1 Feb. 1720-1; Lydia, b. 23 Mar. 1721-2;
Thomas, b. 1 Ap. 1725 ; Abigail, b. 1 Dec. 1727 or 1728; Elizabeth, b:,28 Mar.
1731, d. young; Isaac and Elizabeth, twins, b. 28 Mar. 1733; Nathan, b. 5 Ap.
1736 or 1736 ; Eunice, b. 7 Ap. 1738. Joseph the f. res. in that part of Har
wich which is now Brewster, was elected deacon of the church 9 Mar. 1739,
was selectraan eleven years, and d. in 1772.
3. Moses, s. of Joseph (2), m. Phebe Freeman 10 Mar. 1742-3, and had
Phebe, Moses, Mary, Hannah, Issachar, Elkanah, Edmund, all bap. 3 Sep.
1758 ; Phebe, bap, 30 Dec. 1769; Watson, bap. 7 Feb. 1762; Katherine, bap. 7
Sep. 1766; Benjamin, bap. 28 Aug. -1768. Moses the f. res. in Harwich
(Brewster); but in his old age rem. here, prob. with his son Edmund, and d.
7 Mar. 1812, a. 94, according to the record ot his death; but actually 91.
4. Nathan, s. of Joseph (2), by w. Anna, had Mehetabel, bap. 16 Aug.
1762; and prob. by 2d w. Mary,i had Nathan, bap. 16 Feb. 1766; Anna,
bap. 10 July 1768; Daniel, bap. 3 Dec. 1769; William, bap. 28 Ap. 1771;
Peter, bap. 3 July 1714; Joshua, bap. 24 Jan. 1779. Nathan the f. res. in
Harwich. 5. Edmund, s. of Moses (3), m. Martha  , who d. 20 Feb. 1797, and he
m. Abigail  . His chil. were Martha, bap. 19 Nov. 1786, d. young; Ed
mund and Ezekiel, twins, bap. 22 Feb. 1789 (Ezekiel was bap. privatel/, beino-
supposed near death); Ezekiel, bap. 4 Sep. 1791; George, b. 24 Oct 1801°
Patty, b. 9 Jan. 1807, m. Wm. Hunt of Northampton, pub. 3 Dec. 1827. Ed
mund the f., styled captain, was prob. a master mariner, and res. in Brewster
1 The Church Record calls Mehetabel, was adm. to full communion 3 June 1764.
bap. 15 Aug. 1762, dau. of Nathan and The name of the mother of the other children
Anna, yet says that Mary, w. of Nathan, is not mentioned in the record of baptisms.

MAYO — MERRICK. 421
nntU about 1800, when he rem. here and lived on the Barre road, between the
places raarked " Dr. Stone" and "Mr. Lincoln " on the R. Map, on which
his name was accidentally omitted. He d. 9 Dec. 1841, a. 85; his w Abio-ail
d. 10 Nov. 1831, a. 64. °
6. Peter, s. of Nathan (4), m. Bethia, dau. of John Smith, and had Me
hetabel, b. 4 Dec. 1799, ra. Nathan P. Chase of Hk. 17 May 1864; Peter, b. 24
May 1802; William, b. 30 Nov. 1804 ; Bethia, b. 30 Oct. 1806 ; John S., b. 13
Dec. 1808; Elizabeth S., tvf in, b. 24 Oct 1810, m. Leonard Mellen of Hk. ;
Hannah, twin, b. 24 Oct 1810, in. Joseph Burgess of Hk. 5 Sep. 1841 ; Nathan,
b. 13 May 1812, d. 10 Ap. 1816 ; Joseph, b. 8 or 18 July 1814; Isaac, b. 22 Aug.
1816; Harriet, h. 16 May 1818, ra. Rev. Martin J. Steere of Rhode Island, who
afterwards rem. to Hk., and d. 18 Jan. 1877; Warren, b. 26 Sep. 1820. Peter
the t., styled captain, was prob. a raaster mariner, and res. in Harwich until
after 1810; his later years were spent in Hk., and he d. here 27 Jan. 1867, a.
82; his w. Bethia d. 12 Oct 1870, a. 94 ; they were buried near the front of
the new cemetery, and in the sarae lot were deposited, in 1877, the reraains of
his cousin Capt. Edraund Mayo, and his wife Abigail, which had long rested
in a tomb.
7. Edmund, s. ot Edmund (6), was a merchant in West Brookfield and
Warren; he d. in Newark, N. J., in 1865 ; but I have no record of his family.
Virginia, m. John Young 27 Dec. 1865.
McIntyre, Robert, ra. Uhoda, dau. of Jonathan AVarner, 26 Nov. 1772,
and had Fanny, b. 13 July 1773; WiUiam Little, h. 3 July 1775. Robert tbe
f. d. 29 Aug. 1775, a. 25, and his w. Rhoda ra. Jonathan Lynds of Petersham
26 Ap. 1778.
Mead, Jonathan, rera. frora Pet. to Hk., was for many years the grave-
digger, and d. 24 Mar. 1814, a. 60. I have not seen a record of his family;
hut he had son Tilly and dau. Elizabeth K., who m. William F. Granger 26
Nov. 1829; another dau. who m. Daniel Granger, f. of WUUam F. ; prob.
Mary Ann, who m. Benjamin Cummings, Jr., of Ware 25 Oct 1830; and
perhaps others.
2. Tilly, s. of Jonathan (1), b. in Pet., m. Caroline Hathaway, pub. 30 Ap.
1822, and had Abner Alden, b. 14 Feb. 1823, d. 29 Aug. 1846; Caroline Hatha
way, b. 15 Sep. 1825, d. 3 May 1843; Rebecca J., h. 8 Jan. 1832, ra. WiUiam
Adams, Jr., of AV. Brk. 3 Oct. 1854 ; John B., h. about 1834. Tilly the f. was
a cabinet-maker, res. less than halt a mile northerly from the Comraon, and d.
28 Mar. 1849, a. 54.
3. John B., s. of Tilly (2), m. Sarah Carter 24 Feb. 1863, and had Lucy
C, h. 11 Ap. 1864; John A., b. 22 Jan. 1866, d. 12 Feb. 1866 ; Charles L.,
b. 22 Feb. 1867, d. 26 Oct 1875. John B. the f. was a cabinet-maker, res.
on the horaestead, and d. 10 May 1868, a. 34.
Mellen, Leonard (b. in Mendon), ra. Elizabeth S., dau. ot Capt. Peter
Mayo, and had Mary, b.  ; Hannah, h.  ; James Franklin, b. 31 Jan.
1845; and perhaps others. Leonard the f. d. 20 Jan. 1873, a. nearly 67.
2. Edward D., by w. JuUa M., had Lauretta Elizabeth, h. 27 Oct 1853.
David (b. in Prescott), d. 20 May 1854, a. 70.
IMerrick, AVilliam (otherwise written Mirick and Myrick), by w. Re
becca, had WiUiam, b. 15 Sep. 1643; Stephen, b. 12 May 1646, ra. Mercy
Bangs 28 Dec. 1670; Rebecca, b. 28 July 1648; Mary, b. 4 Nov. 1660, m.
Stephen Hopkins 23 May 1667 ; Ruth, h. lb May 1652 ; Sarah, b. 1 Aug. 1654,
m. John Freeman, Jr., 18 Dee 1672; John, b. 15 Jan. 1656-7; Isaac, b. 6
Jan. 1660-1; Joseph, b. 1 June 1662, m. Elizabeth Howes 1 or 8 May 1684;
Benjamin, b. 1 Feb. 1664-5. William the f. was a lieutenant, res. in East
ham. In his will, dated 3 Dec. 1686, and proved 6 Mar. 1688-9, he is de
scribed as " about eighty-six years of age ; " by which it would seera that he
was forty-three years old when the first ot his ten children was born, and he
miirht be supposed the grandfather of this family, rather than their father,
were it not that he names his wife Rebecca and chil. William and Stephen in
his will.
2. William, s. of William (1), m. Abigail Hopkins 23 May 1667, and had

422 MERRICK — MILLER.
Rebecca, b. 28 Nov. 1668 ; William, b. 1 Aug. 1670. William the f. res. in
Eastham, where he d. 20 Mar. 1670-1, at the early age of 27 years and 6
months. 3. William, s. of WUliam (2), an ensign, res. in Harwich (now Brewster).
I have not seen a record of his family ; but in his will, dated 5 May 1723, and
proved 9 Nov. 1732, he names w. Elizabeth (apparently not his first wife),
children Benjamin, Nathaniel, Stephen, Joshua, John, Ruth Sears (wife of Sam
uel Sears, and subsequently the third wife of Deac. Chillingsworth Foster),
and the chUdren of daughter Rebecca Sparrow, deceased. He d. 30 Oct. 1732.
4. Nathaniel, s. of WUliara (3), by w. Alice, had nine children, naraed in
his wiU, dated 18 Oct 1743, to wit: William (deceased, leaving chU. AVil-
hara and Gideon), Constant, Benjamin, Hannah Snow, Mercy King, Ruth (w.
of Thoraas), Hinkley, Priscilla Cobb, Alice (w. of Capt. Benjamin) Rug
gles, and Sarah, who m. Abner Lee of New Rutland (Barre) in Oct. 1744.
Of this faraily. Constant was b. about 1701 ; Benjamin, 20 Mar. 1717-18, and
Sarah, 5 July 1720. Nathaniel the t. res. in Harwich (Brewster), was a
captain, and d. 13 Nov. 1743; his w. AUce was prob. the " widow Merrick "
who d. here 24 Dec. 1756.
6. Constant, s. of Nathaniel (4), m. Sarah, dau. of John Freeman of
Rochester (and sister of Deac. John Freeraan of -Hk.), pub. 17 Feb. 1726-7,
and bad William, b. 22 Ap. 1728; Nathaniel, b. 22 May 1730; Sarah, b. 30
Sep. 1732, m. Timothy Newton 6 July 1751; Constant, b. 21 Feb. 1734-5, d.
young ; Alice, b. 29 Aug. 1737, ra. Zebadiah Johnson 25 Nov. 1756 ; Constant,
b. 13 Sep. 1740. Constant the f. rem. from Rochester to Hk. about 1735,
and res. on the road to Barre, at tbe place raarked " F. Fay " on the R. Map.
He was captain of militia, selectraan eleven years, assessor nine years, and d.
17 Mar. 1792, a. 91.
6. William (s. of Constant (5), m. Sarah, dau. of Sarauel Billings, 7 Sep.
1749, and had Gideon, b. 22 Aug. 1750; William, b. 7 July 1752, m. Hannah,
dau. of Joseph Nye, 16 Nov. 1798, and d. about 1803; his wid. Hannah m.
Aldrich Worley of Boston, pub. 8 July 1805; Sarah, h. 9 Ap. 1754. Sarah
the mother d. before 1778, as noted in her father's will of that date.
7. Nathaniel, b. of Constant (6), m. Susanna, dau. of Ebenezer Law
rence 13 Feb. 1755 ; she d. and he ra. Lois Hammond ot Rochester, 29 May
1764; she d. and he m. Elizabeth HaskeU of Roch., 26 June 1775; she d. 4
Sep. 1796, a. 54 or 55, and he m. Susanna Taylor of Athol 23 Oct 1797.
His chil. were Elizabeth, b. 13 Jan. 1756, m. John Pratt 19 Jan. 1775; Su
sanna, b. 16 Feb. 1758, d. young; Constant, b. 7 Jan. 1760; Nathaniel, bap. 4
.July 1762, prob. d. young; Nathan, b. 12 Mar. 1763; Susanna, b. 24 Sep.
1766, m. Jaraes Peirce 20 Nov. 1785; Phebe,b. 20 Aug. 1768; Sarah, b.
19 Dec. 1769, m. Heraan Shurtleff 30 Nov. 1788; Lois, bap. 1 May 1773, m.
Stephen Nye 10 Jan. 1802; WUliam and Elmira, named in their father's will,
ot whom the former prob. m. Hannah Nye 15 Nov. 1798. Nathaniel the f.
d. 5 Feb. 1799.
8. Constant, s. of Nathaniel (7), m. Sarah Hopkins 18 Mar. 1781, and
had Prince, b. 14 Dec. 1781 ; Barna, b. 2 Jan. 1783 ; Polly, b. 3 May 1787 ;
Nathan, b. 13 July 1789. No further trace found.
Rev. John M. (pastor of the Congregational Church), m. Harriet L. Under
wood of Portsmouth, N. H., pub. 1 Dec. 1828.
Merritt, Elbridge W., acting pastor and pastor ot the Calvinistic Church
from October 1870 to October 1876, by w. Eliza Jane, had Lucy Sophia, bap.
2 July 1871 ; Mary Catherine, bap. 6 July 1874. He rem. to Dana.
Polly, m. Eli Barnes 21 July 1789. Benjamin, of Ware, m. Sarah Wheel
ock 8 Jan. 1797.
Miles, Elmer B., m. Elizabeth A. Bacon ot Barre, pub. 19 Aug. 1842,
and had Frederick Brooks, b. 16 Dee 1845. He soon afterwards removed.
Miller, William R., by w. Mary Jane, had William Hernando, b. 12
Sep. 1866.
Ira, ra. AureUa Frye 27 Mar. 1824. Ira, m. Martha Frye 12 May 1830
John F., m. Amanda Drury of Shutes., pub. 6 Auo-. 1835.

MIXTER. 423
Mixter, Samuel, m. Elizabeth, dau. of Jason Bigelow of Brk., and had
Elizabeth, b. 18 Nov. 1768, m. Ebenezer Tidd; Jason, h. 27 July 1772 ;
Sarah, b. 22 Mar. 1774, m. Sarauel Pope; Mary, b. 9 Sep. 1776, m. Gen.
Samuel Lee of Barre ; Lucy, b. 13 Nov. 1778, d. unm. 2S Oct. 1823 ; Asenath,
b. 14 Mar. 1782, m. Joseph Green; Samuel, b. 15 Oct. 1784. All res. and d.
in N. Br., except Jason and Mary. Samuel the t. was s. of Josiah, and a
descendant in the fourth generation from Isaac Mixer of Watertown, where
he was born 7 Aug. 1 743. He was a farmer, lieutenant of militia, res. a short
time after marriage at Brk. and thence rem. in 1776 to New Braintree, where
he d. 17 Jan. 1821 ; his w. Elizabeth d. 2 July 1834.
2. Jason, s. of Samuel (1), m. Susan, dau. ot Dr. Robert Cutler of Am
herst, pub. 30 Mar. 1808, and had William, b. 5 Ap. 1809 ; Charles, b. 18
Mar. 1811; Susan, b. 7 Sep. 1813, m. Joseph Knox, Esq., 7 Sep. 1831, and
rem. to Rock Island, IU.; George, b. 28 Ap. 1816, Y. C. 1836, settled in
Rock Island; Mary Ann, b. 19 May 1818, d. 8 Feb. 1830. Jason the f. was
b. in Brk., went early with his f. to N. Br., and on the 15th of November,
1788, became a resident here for the remainder of his lif«. He was at first a
clerk in the store ot Gen. Jonathan Warner, then a partner, and afterwards,
for many years, sole manager of the business, justice of the peace, member
of the school committee, 1807, selectman thirteen years, town treasurer
six years, and representative three years. He res. near the Common,
at the place marked with his name on the R. Map, and d. 31 Jan. 1850 ; his
w. Susan d. 30 Oct. 1861, a. 84. He bequeathed to the First Calvinistic
Society five thousand dollars, as a fund for the raaintenance of the ministry.
3. Samuel, s. ot Samuel (1), m. Clarissa Moore, and had William, b.  ,
d. unra. 17 Feb. 1869, a. 44; James, h.  , d. young. Samuel the f. taught
school in Hk. five winters, res. in N. Br., was rauch eraployed in public life,
colonel of militia, justice of the peace, member of the school committee,
selectman, assessor, representative, senator, and councillor. He d. 30 Mar.
1862. 4. William, s. of Jason (2), m. Mary, dau. of Anson Ruggles, 7 July,
1840, and had George, b. 10 Sep. 1842, grad. H. C. 1863, a banker in Boston ;
Mary Ann, b. 24 Jan. 1845 ; Fanny Louisa, h. 29 Sep. 1850, ra. Daniel Waldo
Howard of Philadelphia 15 Feb. 1881 ; Samuel Jason, b. 10 May 1855, a gradu
ate ot the Technological School and of the Harvard Medical School, a physician
in Boston, ra. Wilhelmina Galloupe 12 Aug. 1879; WUliam Anson, b. 24 Oct.
1856, d. 5 Jan. 1859. William the f. entered Harvard College, in the
famous class of 1829, but by the failure of his health was prevented from
completing the prescribed course; he received the customary degree, however,
from his Alraa Mater in 1876, and his narae was assigned to its proper place
in his class. He was a merchant for several years, in the store formerly
occupied by his father, from which he retired with a plentiful estate. He
purchased a house in Beacon Street, Boston, where he spends his winters, but
retains his homestead and his legal residence in Hardwick. He was a mem
ber ot the school committee, 1831 and 1832; selectman, 1841 to 1843; town
clerk, 1849 to 1857; town treasurer, 1846 to 1862, except in 1850; representa
tive, 1864, 1866, 1868; and senator, 1867. He has been a justice ot the
peace since 1846; and in 1866 was appointed to the office of harbor com
missioner. 5. Charles, s. of Jason (3), m. Frances Louisa, dau. ot Nathaniel Curtis,
Esq., of Boston, 30 Mar. 1848, and had Emily Louisa, b. in Roxbury 9 Sep.
1841, d. in Newport, R. I., 2 Oct 1863 ; Madeleine Curtis, b. in Newport 27
May 1856; Charles Cutler, b. in Boston 16 Nov. 1857, d. in New" York 22
Feb. 1861; Helen Kortright, b. in Boston 27 Ap. 1864. Charles the f. was
a member ot the mercantile house of Jabez C. Howe & Co. of Boston ; he
prospered abundantly, and retired in comparatively early life, fully satisfied
with his accumulations. He had a pleasant summer residence in Newport,
R. I., but spent rauch time in other cities, both here and abroad, at Paris
and elsewhere. He embarked with his family for Europe on board the
steamer ViUe du Havre, and was wrecked and drowned, together with his

424 MONROE — MOULTON.
wife and her father, 22 Nov. 1873. His two daughters were also engulfed in
the sea, but were providentially rescued ; they now reside in Boston.
Monroe, Jonas, b. in Plainfield 15 Dec. 1773, ra. Alice Butler in Oakham,
13 Sep. 1801; she was b. in Oak. 9 June 1775. Their chil., aU b. in Oak.,
were Lucretia Butler, b. 26 Ap. 1803, d. 10 Ap. 1871; Sally, b. 11 Nov. 1804,
d. 8 Feb. 1843; Nelson, b. 5 May 1806, d. 9 Ap. 1856; Ruth Prouty, b. 26 Oct
1807, d. 28 Dee 1874; John, b. 30 Mar. 1809, d. 26 May 1848; Jonas, b. 22
Sep. 1810; Harrison Gray Otis, b. 29 June 1812; Alice, b. 28 Nov. 1813;
James, b. 25 Jan. 1818, grad. Y. C. 1845, d. in California 20 Nov. 1861.
Jonas the f. rem. to Hk. late in life, res. at the place marked " J. Monroe "
on the R. Map, and d. 12 Jan. 1849; his w. Alice d. 2 Sep. 1857.
2. Harrison Gray Otis, s. of Jonas (1), m. Roxana, dau. ot John Barlow,
18 May 1843, and had Ellen M., b. 1 Ap. 1844, ra. Albert L. Wiley of Bos
ton 2 June 1865; Mary E., b. 24 Mar. 1846, d. 5 July 1862; Louisa Roxana,
b. 2 May 1848, ra. MarshaU Richards of Springf. 28 Jan. 1869; Martha Lucre
tia, b. 15 Oct. 1850, ra. John B. Stebbins 11 Ap. 1877. Harrison G. O.
the f. carae here before his marriage, was a farraer, res. on the homestead,
about a raile and three quarters southerly frora the Common (long ago known
as the Winslow farm), and d. 26 May 1880.
Moore, Timothy (otherwise written More and Mores), m. Mary Warner
26 May 1768, and had Thomas, bap. 17 Sep. 1769; Jonathan, bap. 29 Dec.
1769 (Jonathan is styled in the record son of Timothy and Lois Mores).
Morgan, Paul, res. on the northerly side of the turnpike in a small house
which forraerly stood at the foot of tbe hill on the westerly side of Great
Meadow Brook, and had the care of a grist-mill then standing on the south
erly side of the road, but demolished long ago. He was simple and shiftless,
and became a state pauper. He seeras to have died in 1789, when an account
was allowed for the expense of bis last sickness and funeral. His w. Hannah
d. 17 Jan. 1824, in extreme old age, — estimated on the town record at 95,
though it is doubtful whether any one knew with certainty. In her day, most
of the spinning and weaving was done in families; she could neither spin nor
weave, when I knew her, but she would card wool, or comb worsted, for spin
ning, frora raorning until night. She thus raade herself useful, going from
house to house, as her services were required, until she was disabled by the
infirmities of age, when she also became a public charge.
Mary, ra. Simon Oliver of Barre 24 July 1785.
Morse, William, by w. PhUadelphia, had Levi, b. 1 Oct. 1820.
2. Ransom M., by w. Franeina, had Charles Willard, b. 19 Mar. 1869.
3. Franklin, by w. Catherine, had Rosanna, b. 27 May 1869; Napoleon,
b. 18 Jan. 1871.
Caroline, of Southbridge, ra. Albert E. Rice, pub. 13 Nov. 1835.
Morton, Stephen, m. Abigail Whiting, 15 Ap. 1805, and had Phinehas,
b. 12 Oct 1805; Eleanor, b. 14 Oct. 1807, ra. AVilUam M. Yerrington 19 May
1836, and d. 16 May 1866; Mary, b. 8 Oct 1809, d. 1 Mar. 1833; Lucia, b.
16 Mar. 1812 ; Abigail, b. 19 Feb. 1814, m. Nelson Robinson of Norwich, Vt,
12 Jan. 1841, and d. here 3 Sep. 1877 ; Stephen, b. 22 Dec. 1816, d. 6 Ap.
1834. Stephen tbe f. was a blaeksraith, noteworthy for his unflagging indus
try, thorough workraanship, and punctuality ; his shop was on the easterly
corner of the turnpike, and tbe way leading to the Petershara road ; his house
reinains on the sarae lot, at the place raarked " S. Morton" on the R. Map.
He d. 26 Ap. 1835, a. 56; his w. Abigail d. 24 May'1845, a. 63.
2. Phinehas, s. of Stephen (1), m. Mary A.  ; she d. 2 Aug. 1840, a.
28, and he ra. Sarah S. Brimhall of Wore, pub. 14 Feb. 1846. His°chiL were
Sarah A., b. about 1835, ra. Alden B. Spooner 26 Jan. 1858, and d. 2 (or 3)
Dec. 1864; Stephen P., b. about 1838, d. 19 Sep. 1860, a. 22; George Lyman,
b. 18 July 1849 ; Frank Allen, b. 14 Oct. 1850. ^ J ^
Tabitha, of Whateley, ra. Dr. Charies Doolittle 3 Oct 1771. Esther, of
Whateley, m. Dr. Lucius DooUttle 12 May 1783.
Moulton, Rev. Horace, by w. Julia Ann, had Julia Ann, b. 29 Oct.
1852.

MOULTON — NEWCOMB. 425
2. Mace, by w. Mary A., had Orson, b. 1 Nov. 1861.
Julia, ra. Daniel Briggs, Jr., of Windsor, pub. 25 Oct 1834. Sally S
m. Samuel L. Robinson, Jr., 19 Ap. 1835. David, ra. Mary Seaorave of Ux
bridge, pub. 7 Mar. 1840. Samuel, s. of Nathan, d. 26 Dec. 1833, a. 11.
Munden, Daniel, m. Rebecca Wheeler 8 Ap. 1771. No record ot chil
dren. He survived to old age.
Charles, s. of Oliver, d. 17 Nov. 1832, a. 1 year.
MuzzEY, Joseph, m. Lucinda Paige 25 Ap. 1799.
Myer, John L., m. Abigail RamsdeU, pub. 18 Nov. 1782.
Nazro, Aaron, m. Dilley Day, 21 Mar. 1808.
Nelson, Mary, ra. Thomas Bariow 26 Sep. 1793. Charles, of AVarren,
m. PUizabeth Alexander, 28 Mar. 18 74.
Newcomb, Annas, s. of Joseph (and a descendant from Francis New
comb, who came to Boston 1635, rera. to Mount Wollaston 1638, and d. in
1692, reputed to be one hundred years old), ra. AbigaU, dau. ot Nathan Bab
bitt, 18 Dee 1783, and had Annas, b. 28 Oct 1784; AbigaU, b. 22 Oct 1787,
m. Edward Babbitt of Savoy 11 June 1812; Sarah Wild, b. 14 May 1792, d.
unm. 9 Jan. 1871; Ruth Washburn, b. 2 Feb. 1796, m. John Hastings, Jr.,
18 Sep. 1821, and d. in So. Shaftsbury, Vt., 20 Ap. 1861; Mary, b. 14 Mar.
1798, ra. Alvan Dunham of Savoy, 23 Jan. 1827; Joseph, b. 16 Dec. 1800;
Anna, b. 13 Jan. 1804, ra. Jason Gorhara 12 July 1827; Nathan Babbitt, b.
18 May 1806. Annas the f. was b. in Norton 25 Mar. 1762, and rera. to
Hk. in 1791 ; he was a clothier and farmer, res. on the Petersham road, at the
place marked "J. Newcomb" on the R. Map, and d. 5 Auo-. 1823; his w.
AbigaU d. 11 (or 16) Mar. 1847, a. 83.
2. Joseph, s. ot Annas (1), m. Alma, dau. of Capt. Sarauel Dexter, pub.
11 Feb. 1828, and had Alma Maria, b. 29 Mar. 1830, ra. Stephen P. Hillraan
4 Dee 1851; John Joseph, b. 29 June 1832; Sarah W., b. 15 Oct 1834, ra.
Charles S. Clark 14 Dee 1856; Samuel WUliams, b. 9 Oct 1836. Joseph
the f. was a farraer, res. on the homestead, and d. 21 (or 22) Sep. 1840.
3. John Joseph, s. ot Joseph (2), in. Cordelia Gould, pub. 13 Mar. 1857;
no record of children. He res. on the Petershara road, opposite the home
stead, and afterwards on the turnpike at the place marked " A. Fay" on the
R. Map; he served the town as an assessor seven years, from 1871 to 1877.
4. Samuel AVilliams, s. of Joseph (2), m. Julia Ann, dau. of Adonijah
Dennis, 23 Ap. 1863, and had WiUiam Adonijah, b. 6 Mar. 1865; Julia Alma,
b. 25 Ap. 1869. Samuel AV. tho f. res. on tbe homestead.
5. Elisha, s. of David (and a descendant from Andrew Newcomb, who
was in Boston as early as 1664), was b. in Wellfleet 15 Jan. 1765, rem. with
his father to Oxford 1772, and to Greenwich 1782, ra. Rachel, dau. of Capt.
Garaaliel Collins, 23 Feb. 1790, had twelve children, of whora the first two
were b. in Hk. (but not found on record), and the other ten in Enfield; his
third child, Rachel Collins, m. Levi Jones of Shutesbury, and their dau. Eliz
abeth, b. 18 Mar. 1817, m. William Cutler Wesson, pub. 29 May 1840. See
Genealogy of the Newcomb Family, pp. 203, 204.
6. Foster, s. of Nehemiah, and grandson of David, named in the preced
ing paragraph, was b. at Gr. 26 Jan. 1789, m. Hannah Latham 1 May 1816;
she d. 12 May 1817, and he m. Fanny, dau. of Gamaliel Collins, 18 Feb. 1819.
Two of his eight chil. were Anson Foster, b. 15 Feb. 1821, and John Holmes,
h. 28 Oct 1838, m. Alice E. PoweU 1 Oct. 1863, was a sergeant, and was
wounded in the war of the Rebellion, and afterwards a wool-sorter at Gilbert
ville. Foster the f. was b. at Greenwich (now Enfield) 26 Jan. 1789, was a
farmer, and res. principally in Enf., but owned grist and saw-raUls in Hk. He
d. 12 Feb. 1869. See Gen. of Newcomb Fam., pp. 181, 1S2. His w. Fanny d.
19 Nov. 1878.
7. Moses, s. of Nehemiah, as above, was b. at Gr. 31 Aug. 1790, m. Susanna
Thayer 2 Dec. 1819, res. at Ware, and d. 3 Mar. 1832; his w. Susanna d. 2
Oct. 1868; and both were buried in Hk.
8. Isaiah, s. of Nehemiah, as above, m. Betsey Fuller of Enf. 4 Dec. 1822;
she d. 13 Feb. 1831, and he m. Lucina Carey of Ware, pub. 9 Aug. 1831. His

426 NEWCOMB — NEWTON.
chil. were Hannah Dorinda, b. 22 Sep. 1823, d. 3 Oct. 1823; Alanson La Fayette,
b. 15 Oct 1824, d. 11 Aug. 1830; John Fuller, b. 20 June 1826, rera. to Michi
gan, where he m. Bethany Bettis in 1858; Anna Fuller, b. 19 May 1828, m.
Sylvanus M. Danforth of Springf. 5 Feb. 1851; William, b. 31 Oct 1829, d.
unra. 27 Mar. 1881; Sarah Blair, b. 12 Nov. 18a2, ra. Moses T. Marsh, pub.
30 Mar. 1854; Augusta Maria, b. 20 May 1835, m. Sardius J. Sibley 13 Nov.
1856; Abby Jane, b. 23 June 1838, m. Elijah F. Tucker of Ware, pub. 19 Feb..
1856. Isaiah the f. was b. at Gr. 26 July 1 799, was a farmer, res. on the Ware
road, at the place erroneously marked " T. Newcomb " on the R. Map, and d.
23 July 1868, a. 69; his w. Lucina d. 25 Oct 1873, a. 72.
9. Anson Foster, s. of Foster (6), m. Maria F. Richards, and had Charles
Anson, b. 2 Oct. 1864.
Hannah T., m. Peter A. Joslyn, pub. 31 Oct 1829. Bethany, of Enf., m.
Bradford Newland, pub. 21 Nov. 1834.
Newell, Lucy, of Danvers, ra. Jedediah Shurtleff 7 July 1785. William,
m. Betsey Lawrence, pub. 3 May 1797.
Newland, Jeremiah, res. in the southwesterly part of the town, and d. 18
Jan. 1821, a. 90. Susanna his wife. d. 7 Ap. 1815. No record is found of the
birth of his children; but he naraed in his will, 23 Jan. 1808, five sons: John,
Ziba, Enos, David, Masa, and three daughters, Experience, Lucy (who d.
unm. 10 Dec. 1818, a. 54), and Matilda (who d. unm. 9 Jan. 1824, a. 56). The
record of their descendants is very defective.
2. Enos, s. of Jeremiah (1), m. Lucy  , and had Enos, b. about 1799;
perhaps Rachel H., b. about 1800, d. unm. 10 Feb. 1822, a. 22; Lorenzo, b.
about 1810; and prob. others. Enos the f. was a deacon ot the Baptist Church,
and d. 9 Oct 1830, a. 60; his w. Lucy d. 26 Nov. 1840, a. 67.
3. Masa, s. of Jeremiah (1), m. Nancy Bassett 31 Oct 1802, and had
Nancy W., b. about 1804, d. unm. 28 July 1857, a. 53; and prob. others.
Masa the f. d. 7 Aug. 1861, a. 78; his w. Nancy d. 28 July 1854, a. 79.
4. Enos, s. of Enos (2), m. Sophia Cutler 29 Dec. 1818, and had Jason, b.
 1834, d. 18 Jan. 1835, a. 6 months ; and probably others. Enos the f. d.
26 June 1835, a. 35.
5. Vincent, m. Betsey Brown 6 Sep. 1820, and had a child who d. 26 Feb.
1823. 6. Arbe D., m. Mary Borden ot Belchertown, pub. 7 Sep. 1833, and had
Benjamin D., b.  1834, d. 6 (or 11) Ap. 1836, a. about a year and a halt;
Mary Ann, b. 31 May 1836, m. Humphrey James, pub. 30 May 1856; George
Masa, b. 13 Aug. 1837 ; Franklin Bassett, b. 28 Feb. 1839, ra. Fanny M. Snow,
pub. 31 Jan. 1862; Phebe Caroline Augusta, b. 17 Dec. 1843, m. FrankUn E.
Rogers of Gr. 16 Sep. 1865; Nancy Ardelia, b. 2 Sep. 1845 ; Lorenzo D., b. 28
July 1852.
7. Lorenzo, prob. s. ot Enos (2), m. Prolexana Sturtevant 22 Ap. 1835, and
had Mary, b. 26 Sep. 1840; Elvira, b. 4 Ap. 1842; Maria Louisa, b. 2 Auo.
1844; Ella, b. 10 Ap. 1860. °
Dency, in. Ezra Sprout of Gr. 3 Dec. 1818. Hiram, m. Lucy Brown 30
Mar. 1831. John, m. MeUnda Haskins, 31 July 1831. Bradford, ra. Bethany
Newcorab of Enf., pub. 21 Nov. 1834. Anna D., m. Charles W. KendaU of
Athol, pub. 18 Oct. 1867. Mrs. Peda, d. 2 Mar. 1825, a. 65.
Newton, Josiah (s. of Moses, who d. at Marlborough 23 May 1 736, a. 90,
and grandson ot Richard, who d. at Mark 24 Aug. 1701, "almost a hundred
years old"), m. Elizabeth  , who d. and he m. Ruha-mah  , about 1730.
His chU. were Elizabeth,'^ prob. b. about 1716, ra. Silas Warren; Paul b. 24
Sep. 1718, d. at Northborough 18 May -1797; Thankful, b.  1720, ra Ste
phen Maynard; Tabitha, b. 8 Feb. 1721-2, d. 23 Sep. 1728; Silas, b.  1724;
Mary, b.  1726, said to have d. the same year; but in the division of her
father's estate, 12 May 1755, a share was assigned to dauohter Mary wife ot
Asa Brigbara; Timothy, b. 23 Feb. 1728; Sarah, b. 4 001.^1731; Barnabas,b
18 Sep. 1733; Stephen, b. 3 Sep. 1736, d. 11 Aug. 1751; Hannah, b. 17 Feb.
pH^i't''.^. '^'"jf'"" "^ Deacon Newton's beth, wife of Silas Warren, apparently the
estate, 1755, a share was assigned to Uliza- eldest daughter.

NEWTON. 427
1737, d. young; John, b. 15 Feb. 1739, d. young; Rachel, h. 21 Feb. 1741;
Lydia, h. 22 May 1743; Peter, b. 9 Oct 1746, d. 29 July 1751 ; Josiah, b. 9
May 1748. Josiah the f., born in Marl., was a tanner, and was elected deacon
of the church 8 June 1738. In 1737 he bought for £377, "six tenths of one
whole share that is already lotted out, or to be lotted out ; there beino twelve
shares or whole proprietors," in Lambstown, now Hk.; out of which property
he gave farms to his sons Silas and Timothy. He d. 9 Feb. 1765, a. about 67,
leaving what was then a large estate, valued at £1,282. 4s. 7d. ; his w. Ruhamah
survived. 2. Silas, s. of Josiah (1), m. Mercy, dau. of Deac. John Freeman, 9 Nov.
1749, and had Lemuel, b. 16 Feb. 1750-1 ; Stephen, b. 28 June 1754; Susanna,
b. 7 Aug. 1 761, m. Frederick Wicker 24 June 1 784. Silas the f. was a farmer,
and prob. res. near the road to Enfield, about three and a half railes from tbe
Common, at the place marked " S. Newton " on the R. Map. He was clerk
ot a company in the French AVar, 1767. He d. 7 Dec. 1763, at the early age
of 39; his w. Mercy m. Leonard Robinson of Bennington 13 Mar. 1766 (and
had son Samuel Leonard Robinson, b. 1767, d. here 18 Jan. 1863, a. nearly
96) ; she found her second marriage relation unpleasant, and ret to Hk., res.
with her s. Lemuel, and d. 24 Nov. 1814, a. 82.
3. Timothy, s. of Josiah (1), m. Sarah, dau. of Capt. Constant Merrick, 5
July 1751, and had John, b. 12 Aug. 1753 ; Timothy, b. 1 Sep. 1755; Elizabeth,
b. 26 Nov. 1757, ra. Thoraas Martin Wright 19 Dec. 1776; Gideon, b. 6 June
1760; Sarah, b. 11 Mar. 1763, ra. Asa Brigham ot Barnard, Vt., 25 Dec. 1783
(these five chil. rem. to Barnard); Silas, b. 11 Feb. 1766; Josiah, h. 21 Sep.
1768; Chloe, b. 15 Nov. 1771, m. Samuel ChamberUn of Pet 16 Jan. 1804.
Timothy the f. was a farmer, and res. on the road to Barre, at the place
marked "Mr. Lincoln" on the R. Map. He was clerk of Capt. Mandell's
company in the French War, 1756, and afterwards ensign ; he was also select
man three years, and d. 10 July 1811, a. 83; his w. Sarah d. 23 Nov. 1803,
a. 71.
4. Lemuel, s. of Silas (2), m. Chloe Hitchcock 12 June 1777; no record is
found of the birth ot his children; but sorae of their names are gleaned from
other sources; Betsey, h. about 1778, d. unm. 23 Ap. 1854, a. 76; Tabitha, b.
about 1780, m. Ephraim Bassett 19 Jan. 1804, d. at Enf. 24 Ap. 1865, a. nearly
85; prob. Prudence, b.  , m. Aaron Day of Sutton, 19 Jan. 1797; prob.
Loesena (Lucina?), b.  , m. Lemuel Cobb, Jr., 2 June 1803; Chloe, b. 
1785, d. 7 Feb. 1796, a. 10 years and 2 months ; Silas, b. about 1788; Anson,
b.  1793, d. 10 Feb. 1796, a. nearly 3. Lemuel the t. was a farmer, res.
on the supposed homestead, and d. 22 Oct. 1837, a. 86; his w. Chloe d. 26 Nov.
1843, a. 92.
5. John, s. of Timothy (3), m. Lydia, dau. of Thomas Freeman, 15 Jan.
1778, rem. with him to Barnard, Vt., at the commencement ot the settlement
of that town, was taken prisoner, 9 Aug. 1780, by the Indians, and carried to
Canada, where he was detained until the next spring, when he escaped and re
turned to his family, after suffering great hardship. His chil. were Polly, b. 9
Oct 1778, d. 19 Oct 1790; Timothy, b. 26 Jan. 1780; Sally, b. 14 Nov. 1781;
John, b. 18 Aug. 1783; Asa, b. 27 Aug. 1785; Nancy, b. 5 July 1788; Phebe,
b. 18 Feb. 1790; Hannah, prob. b.  1792, d. 29 Aug. 1795 ; PoUy, b. 12
Ap. 1 794 ; Lydia, b. 6 June 1796. John the f. prob. m. for second wife widow
Hannah Kenney 25 Nov. 1813, and was living in 1824.
6. Timothy, s. of Timothy (3), settled in Barnard, where, by w. Nabby, he
had Josiah, b. 5 Mar. 1784; Earl, b. 6 Mar. 1787; Luthera, b. 27 Oct 1791.
7. Gideon, s. of Tiraothy (3), settled in Barnard, where he m. Betsey
Spooner 11 Oct. 1787, and'had Fanny, b. 28 Oct 1788; Anson,b. 9 Nov.
1790. 8. Silas, s. of Tiraothy (3), ra. Naomi, dau. of Eliphalet Washburn, 9 Ap.
1789, and had Gardner,'b. 9 Oct 1789; Lucetta, b. 2 Jan. 1792, ra. Simeon
Knowles 14 Mar. 1814; Clarinda, b. 11 Sep. 1794, d. unra. 9 Feb. 1865; Laura,
b. 3 Feb. 1796, m. Orsaraus Hunt 7 Jan. 1821; Rufus Washburn, b. 27 Mar.
1798, a carpenter, d. in Wore 18 Sep. 1861 ; Merrick, b. 21 May 1801 ; Caro-

428 NEWTON — NICHOLS.
line, b. 23 Oct 1803; Silas Wesson, b. 29 Dec. 1805 ; John Calvin,b. 19 Aug.
1810, and settled in Worcester. Silas the f. was a farmer, and for some
years after the death ot Mr. Mead was the principal grave-digger. He res. on
the horaestead untU 1817, and afterwards about a hundred rods farther east
ward, at tbe place marked " S. Newton " on the R. Map. He d. 19 or 21 Oct.
1847, a. 81; his w. Naomi d. 16 Mar. 1850, a. 79.
9. JOSM.H, s. of Timothy (3), m. Philena, dau. of Capt Benjamin Cox of
Barnard, pub. 29 Nov. 1792, and had Franklin, b. 19 Oct 1796 ; Lurenza, b.
20 Feb. 1799; Warren, b. 3 Oct. 1801, d. at Petersham 2 July 1878 ; Philena,
b. 9 Jan. 1809. Josiah the f. res. on the easterly part of tbe homestead, at
the place raarked "J. Knowlton " on the R. Map ; but at sorae time after 1809
rera. to Petershara, where he d. 5 May 1858, a. nearly 90.
10. Silas, s. of Lerauel (4), ra. Bathsheba C, dau. of Eleazar Dexter, 21
June 1810, and bad Elvira Augusta, bap. 27 Oct 1811, d. 28 Dec. 1812;
Stephen Dexter, bap. 14 Ap. 1814, d. 12 Sep. 1837; Benjamin D., b. about
1816, d. 7 Nov. 1837, a. 21 ; Susanna Freeman, bap. 29 Oct 1819, m. Calvin
H. Bassett of Ent. 6 Dec. 1864; Elivira A., bap. 12 May 1822, m. Jaraes F.
Giffin ot Ware, 12 Dec. 1848; Stephen E., b. about 1826. 'Silas the f. res. on
the homestead, and d. 22 Feb 1873, a. nearly 86 ; his w. Bathsheba d. 29 Sep.
1865, a. 66.
11. Gardner, s. of Silas (8), ra. Charity AV., dau. of Eleazer Dexter, pub.
17 Sep. 1827, and had Luke, b. 12 Sep. 1829, d. 3 Sep. 1858 ; .John, b. 28 Mar.
1833, d. 6 Mar. 1866; Charles, b. 28 Mar. 1837, ra. Mary D. Sturtevant 14
Mar. 1861, d. in Pelh. 9 Ap. 1862, and was buried in Hk.; his w. Mary D.m.
John S. Kelraer, pub. 5 Oct 1863. Gardner the f. d. 23 Mar. 1864. '
12. Stephen E., s. of Silas (10), m. Thirza L. Peirce 27 Dee 1849, and
had Amy Levina, b. 6 June 1851, m.  Richardson, and d. 20 July 1881;
Rollin D., b.  1857, m. Leora A. Johnson 3 Mar. 1881 ; still-born chUd,
25 Sep. 1854; WUliam Arthur, b. 14 July 1859; Lewis Edgar, b. 25 Aug.
1867. 13. William Arthur, s. of Stephen E. (12), m. Eliza A. Giffin 8 Dec.
1875, and had Ethelle Elvira, b. 18 June 1876. If the dates be correct, he was
married before he was seventeen years old.
14. Oliver, parentage not ascertained, by w. Elizabeth, had Electa, bap.
12 Nov. 1775.
15. Reuben (then of Pet.), m. Hannah Freeman 18 Feb. 1800; she d. 17
Jan. 1812, a. 33, and he ra. Prudence  ; his chil. b. here were a child who
d. 25 Sep. 1802; William, b. about 1812. d. 9 Aug. 1818, a. 6; Elijah C, b.
about 1815. Reuben tbe f. d. 12 Aug. 1817, a. 38.
16. Elijah C, s. of Reuben (16), m. Harriet Stedman 16 Nov. 1848, and
had Albert Eastman, b. 20 Nov. 1861; Samuel Elijah, b. 3 June 1866, d. 18
May 1857; Freddie Lincoln, b. 26 July 1860, d. 17 Aug. 1862; Harriet Jane,
b. 19 June 1863, ra. Dwight F. Howard 15 Jan. 1883.
17. Ephraim, by w. Polly, had Mary S., b. about 1821, m. Almon Snow 31
Dec. 1845; Harmon, b. about 1831, a soldier in the War ot the Rebellion, d.
at Washington, D. C, 18 Sep. 1864, a. 33.
Zachariah, m. Hannah Goodnow, pub. 26 Nov. 1766. Hannah E., ra.
Ebenezer T. Fox, 29 June 1834. Polly M., ra. Horace Barnes ot Gr., pub.
7 Mar. 1837. Elizabeth, widow of Davis Newton, d. 1 Jan. 1837, a. 81.
Neylon, Michael, m. Johanna Carney, pub. 3 Ap. 1864, and had Marga
ret, b. 22 Dec. 1866; John D., b. 7 Dec. 1868; William, b. 5 Feb. 1871 ; Joseph,
b. 18 Jan. 1873; Francis Martin, b. 22 Jan, 1877; Michael Edward, b. 23
June 1880.
2. John, m. Catherine Hogan of Springf., pub. 27 Dec. 1867, and had Mi
chael Joseph, b. 12 Dec. 1868.
Nichols, Jacob, by w. Elizabeth, had Joseph, bap. 23 Mar. 1739-40 ; Ben
jamin, bap. 20 Dec. 1741; Jesse, bap. 27 Nov. 1743; Eliiah, bap. 5 Mar.
1748-9. ^ J ' i-
2. Jacob, by w. Almira, had Eda BeU, b. — Mar. 1872 ; Walter J, b. 2
Jan. 1876, d. 16 Ap. 1876.

NICHOLS — NYE. 429
Timothy, m. Joanna Dean 13 Jan. 1774. Susanna, w. of John, d. 9 Oct
1796, a. 19. Stephen, d. 24 Sep. 1879, a. nearly 90.
Norris, Richard, by. w.  , had John, b.  ; Patrick, b. -^ — . Rich
ard the f. d. 28 Aug. 1879, a. 70.
2. John, s. of Richard (1), m. Mary Flynn, pub. 17 Dec. 1864, and had
Richard, b. 8 Jan. 1866; Mary S., b. 24 Jan. 1867.
3. Patrick, s. of Richard (1), m. Bridget Sullivan 1 Jan. 1876, and had
Richard E., b. 20 Jan. 1880.
Nurse, Caleb, of Barre, m. Polly Fletcher, pub. 12 Feb. 1809.
Benjamin, d. 5 Nov. 1812, a. 81; and his w. Lucy, d. 14 Oct 1809, a.
70. Nye, Benjamin, was in Sandwich as early as 1637, m. Catherine Tupper
19 Oct 1640, and had Jolm; Ebenezer; Jonathan, b. 29 Nov. 1649; Mercy,
b.  1652; Caleb; Mary; Benjamin; Timothy.
2. Jonathan, s. of Benjarain (1), m. Hannah  , by whom he had two
chil., and (2d) Patience Burgess, by whom he had nine cML, one ot whom was
Jonathan, b. — Nov. 1691.
3. Caleb, s. of Benjamin (1), by w. EUzabeth, had Elizabeth and Hannah,
twins, b.  1697; and prob. Caleb.
4. Jonathan, s. of Jonathan (2), m. Deborah BlackweU 7 Feb. 1723 ; she
d.  , and he ra. Reraember or Remembrance  , who survived him. His
chU. were Ihomas, b.  1726 ; Hannah, b.  1728 ; Jonathan, b. 23 Ap.
1731 ; Joshua, b.  1733.1 Jonathan the f. rem. to Hardwick about 1762.
He prob. d. in 1770, as his will, dated 1 June 1761, at Sandwich, was proved
as the last wUl of Jonathan Nye of Hardwick, 18 Sep. 1770.
5. Caleb, prob. s. of Caleb (3), m. Hannah Bodfish and had, at Sandwich,
Silas, b. 27 Dec. 1732; Joseph and Benjamin, twins, b. 18 Ap. 1736. He had
also Simeon, Caleb, Ebenezer, Hannah (who ra. Benjamin Robinson 3 Nov.
1768), Azubah (who m. Jonathan Glazier 23 June 1774), and Prince, b. about
1752. Caleb the t. rem. from Sandwich to Hardwick, and prob. res. about
a mile northerly from the Old Furnace, at the place marked " M. Nye " on the
R. Map. His wiU, dated at Hk. 13 Dec. 1775, and proved 5 June 1787,
names w. Hannah (who d. 7 Mar. 1779, a. 68), and the nine children before
mentioned; and the homestead was bequeathed to his son Prince. His w. Han
nah d. 7 Mar. 1779, a. 68, and he added a codicil to his will, 7 June 1781, dis
tributing several articles of furniture inherited from his " honored mother-in-
law, Lydia Bodfish of Sandwich."
6. Jonathan, s. of Jonathan (4), m. Rebecca, dau. of WiUiam Freeraan of
Sandwich, 18 Mar. 1756 (she was sister of Thomas Freeraan and of Joanna,
w. ot Nathaniel Paige, both of whom res. in Hk.). His chil. born here were
Oliver, bap. 4 Ap. 1762; Mary, bap. 5 Aug. 1764, m. Nathaniel Johnson, Jr.,
5 Sep. 1783; Hannah, bap. 12 Oct 1766, ra. Silas Johnson, Jr., 15 Dee 1785;
Rebecca, bap. 28 Jan. 1770; Jonathan, b. 12 Feb. 1773; Thomas, b. 13 Aug.
1776 ; and perhaps he had one or more others before he left Sandwich, about
1762. 7. Joshua, s. ot Jonathan (4), by w.  , had Lydia, bap. 18 May 1766;
Sarah, bap. 17 Ap. 1768; Joshua, bap. 26 Jan. 1770.
8. Silas, s. of Caleb (5), m. Patience, dau. of Nathan Carpenter, 27 Nov.
1766, and had Sarah, b. 13 Jan. 1768; Hannah, b. 22 Nov. 1769. No further
trace found.
9. Joseph, =. of Caleb (5), m. Thankful  , who d. 19 Feb. 1768, in
childbed, and he m. Patience, dau. of James Robinson, pub. 14 Ap. 1771. His
chil. were Caleb, b. 27 Sep. 1758, d. 8 Oct 1758; Jemima, b. 28 Sep. 1759, ra.
GaraaUel ElUs 21 Feb. 1782; Meribah, b. 27 Oct. 1761, m. Stephen Chandler
23 May 1782; Thankful, b. 10 Feb. 1764, m. William Davis 6 July 1787; Mary,
b. 18 Jan. 1766, d. 21 Feb. 1767 ; Joseph, b. 5 Feb. 1768; also, by second wife,
and named in his wiU, dated 14 May 1806, Elizabeth, b.  , m. Levi Robin
son of Barre 20 Sep. 1798; Mary, b. about 1773, m. WUliam AVoods 15 Nov.
1 The early residence of this family was names and dates, I am indebted to the Rev.
in Sandwich, and, thus far, for most of the Frederick Freeman of that town.

430 NYE.
1798, and d. at Pelhara 19 Feb. 1855, a. SI; Hannah, ra. WiUiam Merrick 15
Nov. 1798, who d. early in 1803, and she ra. Aldrich Worley ot Boston, pub.
8 July 1805; Stephen,b. about 1778; Lucinda, b.  , m. Delano WithereU 10
July 1804, and d. before the date of her father's wiU, 14 May 1806; Zenas,
b.  . Joseph the f. d. 21 May 1806, a. 71.
10. Simeon, s. of Caleb (5), by w. Alice, had Bathsheba, b. 10 Dec. 1769,
m. Elijah Robinson of Barre, pub. 31 May 1786, and d. 21 Oct 1843; Alice,
b. 11 Oct 1771, ra. Francis Jenks 28 July 1793; John Ruggles, b. 27 June
1776- Hannah, b. 10 July 1779 ; Keziah, b. 27 May 1784, m. Isaac Atwood, and
d. «»Oct. 1861.
11. Caleb, s. of Caleb (5), ra. AbigaU Goodspeed ot Barnstable, pub. 24
Mar. 1 771. No record of children. They res. in a house which forraerly stood
on the easterly road to Gilbertville, about half a mile southerly from the Com
mon, between the places raarked " O. Trow " and " J. Mann " on the R. Map.
I suppose he lacked energy, as he and his wife in their old age were dependent;
but 1 never heard aught against their moral character; on the contrary, they
were " Uncle Caleb " and " Aunt Nabby " to aU the neighborhood. Person
ally, I cherish an affectionate raeraory of them for their kindness to me in my
childhood, when I so often resorted to their fireside to warm rayself, being
chilled and nearly frozen oh my way to and frora school. Mr. Nye d. 16 Oct.
1811, a. 69.
12. Ebenezer, s. ot Caleb (6), res. in Oakham, and executed a will 5 July
1793, which was proved 3 Sep. 1793 ; legacies were devised to his wife, and to
chil. Crocker; Temperance, w. of Jonathan Richardson; Lucretia, w. of Alpheus
Stone; Mary, w. of Bowman Chaddock ; Timothy; Meletiah, w. of Calvin Chad-
dock; Achsah; Salmon; John.
13. Prince, s. of Caleb (5), ra. Dinah Joslyn 15 Dec. 1774. No record is
found of the birth of their children ; but frora other records and from his will
the following names and dates are gleaned: Anna, b.  , m. Jonathan
Makepeace 10 July 1799; Rufus, b. about 1778; Joseph, b.  ; Martin, b.
 ; Marshall, h. about 1787; Frances, b. about 1790, d. unra. 14 Ap. 1820, a.
30; Sewall, b. about 1792, d. 13 Nov. 1816, a. 24; Francis. Prince the f. was
a farraer, and inherited the horaestead. He was selectraan twelve years, be
tween 1793 and 1810. He was very corpulent, and d. suddenly 24 July 1812,
a. 69; bis w. Dinah d. 9 July 1842, a. 87.
14. Stephen, o. ot Joseph (9), m. Lois, dau. of Nathaniel Merrick, 10 Jan.
1802, and had Sarah Ellis Howe, b. 13 Jan. 1803, m.  Holbrook, and d. a,t
Holden 23 Dec. 1870 ; Elmira Mary Blackmore, b. 4 Dec. 1805. Stephen the
f. d. 28 Jan. 1807, a. nearly 29; his w. Lois survived.
15. John Ruggles, s. of Siraeon (10), ra.  , and had a child b.  ,
1802, d. 11 June 1803, a. 1 year and 3 months. He prob. rem. early to Barre,
where he d. 12 Ap. 1852.
16. Rufus, s. of Prince (13), m. Betsey Edson of Oakham, pub. 4 Jan.
1801, and had Calvin Edson, b.  ; Hosea W., h. 1804; Lydia. RuFUS
the f. d. 15 May 1806, a 28; his w. Betsey m. John Bruce of Sprinof. 19 May
1813. 17. Joseph, prob. s. of Prince (13), m. Mary Robinson, pub. 10 Mar. 1805,
and had a child d. 2 Feb. 1806, a. 3 months; a child d. 7 Feb. 1807, a. 2
weeks. 18. Marshall, s. of Prince (13), m. Polly Whittemore, pub. 29 Nov. 1813,
and had Persis Maria, b. 10 Nov. 1816, m. Thoraas R. Greene of Bel. 9 May
1844, and d. 16 Mar. 1848; Susan, h. 1 Mar. 1818, ra. AVilliam W. Dunbar ot
Rochester, N. Y., 26 May 1846; Ann M(dcepeace, b. 22 May 1820, m. John D.
Dunbar of AV. Brk. 26 Dec. 1844 ; MarshaU Prince, b. 6 Nov. 1822, m. Sarah
P., dau. of Apollos Fay, 16 Nov. 1848; she d. 13 Sep. 1851, a. 24, and he m.
Emily Ann, dau. of Hosea AV. Nye, 9 Nov. 1852; he res. in Boston; SewaU, b.
5 Jan. 1832, m. Mary A. Pike of Pet., pub. 6 Ap. 1855, and res. in Boston.
Marshall the f. was a farmer and inherited the homestead ; he was select
man in 1832, and d. 2 Mar. 1860; his w. Polly rem. to Boston.
19. Hosea W., s. of Rufus (16), by w. Emily  , had EmUy Ann, b.

NYE — OLMSTEAD. 431
about 1829, m. Marshall P. Nye, as above, 9 Nov. 1852; Sarah Elizabeth, b.
about 1838, m. Rufus J. Peirce ot N. Br. 16 Ap. 1860; Charles Bartlett, b. 3
Aug. 1844; a dau. b. 23 Feb. 1846 ; Henry H., b. 1 Ap. 1848, d. at Auburn 3
Sep. 1865; iise«e Frances, b. 23 May 1850. Hosea W. the f. d. at Wore 14
Aug. 1874.
20. Samuel, parentage not ascertained, m. Lydia  ; she d. 30 June 1756,
and he ra. Mehetabel, widow of Cornelius Cannon, 16 Nov. 1756. His chil.
were Ebenezer ; Susanna; Ann; aU bap. 16 Sep. 1760; Lydia, bap. 16 Sep.
1760, m. Lot Whitcomb 9 Dec. 1762; Deborah, bap. 16 Sep. 1750, ra. Joseph
Chamberlin of Pet 18 Ap. 1776; Jabez, b. 13 June 1749, prob. d. young;
Ichabod, b. 28 Mar. 1753; Joseph, h. 28 Mar. 1755.
21. Spencer, parentage not ascertained, by w. Sarah B., had Harry Spencer,
b. 11 Ap. 1870.
Joseph, m. Sarah Bradish, 27 Dee 1764; Isaac, m. Hannah AValker 29
Nov. 1770; Mary, m. Jonathan Orcutt ot Shutes. 17 Aug. 1779. William,
m. Molly Purington 26 Dec. 1782. Martha P., of Barre, m. Elijah Amidon,
pub. 18 May 1818. Harriet, of Springf., ra. Thoraas Hale, pub. 12 Sep. 1848.
Alpheus S., of Dana, m. Evelyn Sturtevant, pub. 8 Ap. 1854. Charles, d.
14 June 1803, a. 16. Harriet, d. 5 Oct. 1810, a. 15. Bathsheba, widow
of Benjarain of Barre, d. 26 July 1865, a. 96.
Oakes, Eleanor, m. John Jenkins ot Ware, pub. 4 Dec. 1785. Calvin,
m. Polly Carey ot Ware 26 July 1787. Nabby, ra. Levi Town ot Gr. 8 Mar.
1790. John, m. Polly Marsh, pub. 14 July 1793. Lorinda, of N. Sal., m.
Luman Chase, pub. 27 Ap. 1854.
Oliver, Daniel, s. of Lieutenant-Governor Andrew Oliver, b. about 1744,
grad. H. C. 1762, rem. from Boston to Hk. soon after 19 May 1767, when he
bought of Caleb Benjamin, for £600, a farm of 177 acres, near the Old Fur
nace, at the place marked " E. Trow " on the 11. Map, together with five acres
in N. Br., five eighths of a saw-mill and utensils, and a pew in the raeeting-
house " between tbe pew of Timothy Ruggles, Esq., and Nathaniel Whitcomb."
He was a barrister at law, and probably established himself here under the
auspices of General Ruggles, to whose fortunes he constantly adhered. He
was active in town affairs, and was representative in 1770. At the com
mencement of hostilities in the Revolution, he left town, and his estate was
confiscated. He d. at Ashstead, Warwickshire, Eng., 6 May 1826, a. 82. No
record is found of wife or chil. here.
2. AA^illiam, of Middleborough, " gentleman," perhaps s. of Chief Justice
Peter OUver, and, if so, cousin of Daniel (1), bought of Thomas Freeman 68
acres ot land, forraerly the homestead of Doctor Jedediah Rice, about midway
between the places marked "M. Mandell " and " A. Ruggles," on the R. Map.
This estate, which he purchased 12 Sep. 1767, he sold to Joseph AVashburn 3
July 1770. He ra. Sarah Fuller of Middleborough, pub. 25 Feb. 1770, and
prob. left town before the end of that year.
3. Thomas, a negro, perhaps brought here by Daniel (1), or William (2),
as a hired servant, or possibly as a slave, d. 15 Oct 1820, a. 71. No further
trace ot hira appears on record.
4. Nathaniel, prob. s. of Thoraas (3), m. Lucia Bridges of N. Br., pub.
28 Dec. 1812; m. (2d) Esther Green of N. Br., pub. 24 July 1830; m. (3d)
Mrs. Mary Freeraan, "colored," 26 Ap. 1843; and d. 12 Feb. 1851, a. 74.
He res. many years on the Petersham road, at the place marked " L. P." on
the R. Map. Nathaniel 2d, who m. Mary H. Saunders of Boston, pub. 18
Dee 1846, was perhaps his son.
Elizabeth, ra. Peter Newport of Hatfield, pub. 23 May 1779. Simon, of
Barre, m. Mary Morgan 24 July 1785. Susanna, m. Timothy Paine, "col
ored," ot Boston, put). 24 Ap. 1822. Judith, ra. Luther Barber ot Hartford,
Conn., 25 Ap. 1824.
Olmstead, Jabez, of Brookfield, m. Thankful, dau. of Thomas Barnes, and
had Thankful, b. 15 Feb, 1712-13, perhaps the same who m. Joseph Mac-
mitcheU 21 Jan. 1756; Jeremiah, b. 6 Jan. 1714-15; Israel, b. 24 Mar. 1716;
Hannah, h. 22 Ap. 1718, m. Judah Marsh 4 Nov. 1736; Martha, b. 16 Sep.

432 OLMSTEAD — PADDLEFORD,
1721, m. Thomas Hammond 21 Aug. 1741; Dorcas, b. 15 Ap. 1724, m. Benoni
Walcott 13 Oct 1741; 5araA, b. 24 May 1726, ra. Ephraim Marsh 8 Oct 1741;
Silence, b. 30 Oct. 1728; Abigail, b. 24 Mar. 1731 ; Prudence, b. 28 Oct. 1733;
Moses, b. 29 Jan. 1736. All these births and marriages are recorded in Brook
field. Jabez the f. is supposed to have removed into the territory which after
wards becarae a part of AVare about 1729, " and to have made the first per
manent settlement " there, and erected a house in the village, near the present
location of the Bank, which was standing in 1821. " Tradition represents
Capt. Olmstead to have been a raan of great shrewdness and energy, and that
Indian blood ran in his veins. He was a raighty hunter, and is said to have
been an officer in the expedition against Louisbourg, upon the island of Cape
Breton, in 1745." i
2. Israel, s. of Jabez (1), m. Sarah Banister 12 May 1737; she d.  ,
and he ra. Anna Safford 25 Nov. 1756. Two of his chU. were bap. here, —
Joseph, 28 Ap. 1751; Israel, 4 June 1758. Israel the f. was a soldier in the
French AVar, and prob. rem. to AVarwick about 1761.
3. Moses, s. of Jabez (1), by w. Abigail, had Jabez, b. 4 June 1760; Moses,
b. 20 June 1762.
Orcutt, Almon M., ra. Mary Ann, dau. of TheophUus Knight, 16 Oct.
1850, and had Lucretia W., b. 31 Dec. 1851, ra. Charles J. Kellogg of Orange
20 Jan. 1874; Effie Miner, b. 11 Dec. 1853, d. 24 May 1857; Robert Bliss, b.
27 Mar. 1861, d. 31 July 1862; Emeline Babcock, b. 9 Jan. 1863; ISIay Mitchell,
b. 25 Nov. 1870. Almon M. the f. was b. in Cummington, and established
himselt here, as a physician, soon after the death of Dr. Joseph Stone in 1849;
he still continues in a very successful practice. He was town clerk in 1858,
representative in 1874, and has served the town several years as treasurer, col
lector, and a member of the school committee. He res. near the south end of
the Coraraon.
Jonathan, of Shutesbury, ra. Mary Nye 17 Aug. 1779. Sophia, of Tera
pleton, ra. Charles C. Chamberlain, pub. 21 Aug. 1808. Claudius B., of Arab.,
m. Mary G. Ellis 5 Nov. 1839. Widow Alice, of Athol, d. 8 Aug. 1842,
a. 70.
Osborn, Levi G., ra. Candace Rawson of Orange, pub. 4 Feb. 1847, and
had Levi Arthur, b. 31 Aug. 1859.
Polly, ra. Benjamin Sumner 10 Oct. 1816.
Packard, Eleazar, had w. Mercy, who was adm. to the church, by letter,
3 July 1768 ; she d.  , and he m. Mary Woodbury 9 June 1769. Two of
his chil. were Daniel, bap. 28 July 1765; Mercy, bap. 31 Oct. 1768.
Leah, of Bel., ra. Apollos Snow, pub. 14 July 1794. Alvah, m. Fanny
Fisk 4 Dec. 1820.
Paddleford, Jonathan (otherwise written Paddlefoot, Padlefoote, Padl-
foote, and recently Padelford), m. Mary Blanford 5 Oct. 1652, and had Jona
than, b. 6 July, and d. 29 Oct 1653; Mary, b. 22 Aug. 1664; Jonathan, b. 13
Aug. 1656; Zechariah,b. 16 Dec. 1657, d.in Framinghara 7 July 1737; Edward,
b. 14 June 1660, " slayn in the wars." Jonathan the f. res. iu Cambridge,
and d. in 1661 ; his w. Mary m. Thomas Eames, rem. to Sudbury, and thence
to Framinghara, where she had five chil., and was killed by the Indians 1 Feb.
1676-6. 2. Jonathan, =. of Jonathan (1), ra. Hannah Flint of Braintree, had only
child Jonathan, b. at Br. 1679 ; he afterwards rem. to Taunton, and d. there in
1710. 3. Jonathan, s. of Jonathan (2), res. in Taunton, where, by w. Hannah,
he had Jonathan, b.  1708, d.  1750; Zechariah, b.  1710, d. 
1765; Edward, b.  1712, d.  1800; Hannah, b.  1715; John, b.
 1720, d.  1758; Philip, b.  1722-; Peleg, b.  1728, d. 
1812; Judith, b.  1730; Sarah, b.  1732; Abigail, b.  1734.
4. John, s. of Jonathan (3), res. in Taunton, and by w. Jemima had John,
b-  1748 ; Seth, b.  1751; Jemima, b.  1755, m.  Hewitt
1 Hyde's Address, delivered at the Opening of the New Town Hall, Ware, Mass.. March
31, 1847, pp. 46, 47. ' > >

PADDLEFORD — PAIGE. 433
5. John, s. of John (4), ra. Bathsheba, dau. ot Dr. Tobev ot New Bedford,
and had Sophia, b. 22 Feb. 1770, m. Benjarain Cooper; John, b. G Aug. 1771
(by W.Mary had six sons, of whom the youngest, Seth, b.  1807'was a
merchant in Providence, Governor of Rhode Island, and d. 26 Aug. 1878;
Elisha,b.l9 Dec. 1772, "left his widowed mother, a poor boy, to seek hil living;
shipped as cabin boy, and went to France ; worked his way, by studious and hon
orable habits, up to a lieutenancy in the French navy, and d. in that service ; "
Harriet, h. 13 Oct 1774, ra. Capt Nathaniel Crane; William, b. 28 May 1776 ;
Joseph, b.  1778. John the f., b.  1748, grad. Y. C. 1768, "studied
raedicine with Dr. Tobey of New Bedford, and comraenced practice in Hk.,
where all his chiL were born, except Joseph, and where he was an active
patriot at the commencement of the Revolutionary War. He res. at the place
marked " Mr. Wesson " on tbe R. Map. He " was skilful in his profession,
entered the navy as a surgeon, was taken prisoner, and d. at St. liustasie,
1779, when about to be exchanged. ... He was a man of vigorous iuteUect,
upright morals, and profound patriotism." ^
6. Seth, s. of John (4), b.  1761, grad. Y. C. 1770, and received the
degree of LL. D. from B. U. 1798. Pie coraraenced tbe practice of the law
in Hk., where he was a raember of the Committee of Correspondence in 1774
and 1776, and generally active in the Revolutionary struggle. He rera. to
Taunton about 1778, was judge of probate, and, though not erainent as an
advocate, was confessedly at the head of the liar as a counsellor. He m.
Rebecca Dennis, had four sons and seven daughters, and d. ot apoplexy 7
Jan. 1810.
^^Paige, Nathaniel, m. Joanna  , and had Nathaniel, b. about 1679;
Elizabeth, b. prob. about 1681, m. John Simpkins of Boston 28 Dec. 1698, had
three chUdren, and prob. d. before 1735, when her husband sold her paternal
inheritance, and her concurrence in tbe sale does not appear in the deed;
Sarah, b. prob. about 1683, m. Samuel HUl, Jr., of Billerica, 7 Jan. 1698-9,
had six children, and d. 30 Ap. 1758 (her only son, Samuel, ra. widow Abigail
Dunton, dau. of Thomas Richardson, and d. 26 Jan. 1748-9, leaving only one
child, Abiel or AbigaU, who m. Samuel Kidder) ; James, bap. at Roxbury 28
Nov. 1686, d. 31 July 1687; Christopher, b. at Billerica (now Bedford), 6
Feb. 1690-1. Nathaniel the f. is supposed to have come from England to
Roxbury about 1685, with w. and three children. The earliest trace which
I have found of his presence in New England is contained in his deposition
recorded with Sufl'olk Deeds (xUi. 470), that on the 10th of March 1685-6
he saw Joseph Dudley, Esq., fake peaceable possession of certain real estate in
BUlerica on behalf of " Daniel Cox of Aldersgate Street, London." On the
organization of the government, ,'2 June 1686, after the abrogation of the
first Charter, he was appointed by President Joseph Dudley one of the two
marshals (equivalent to sheriffs) of Suffolk County; and- it was "ordered
that the President have an honorable maintenance when 'tis known how the
revenue will arise, and that Mr. Paige have five pounds a quarter for his at
tendance on the President" ^ He was also licensed by the County Court of
Suffolk, 2 Aug. 1686, as an innholder in Roxbury. He was one of the eight
original purchasers ^ from the Indian sachems 27 Dec. 1686, of the territory
now erabraced in the town of Hardwick. See chap, ii.^ pp. 16-17. A
raonth afterwards, 27 Jan. 1686-7, the sarae persons, together with Ralph
Bradhurst, in like manner bought the territory which is now erabraced in the
towns of Leicester and Spencer. These purchases, however, were merely
speculative, frora which no pecuniary benefit resulted for many years. For
immediate use, Mr. Paige bought of George Grimes, 1 Mar. 1687-8, a farra of
250 acres in that p,irt of Billerica which is now the easterly portion of Bed
ford, where he resided during the remainder of his life. His inventory in-
1 See chart of the " Descendants of s The eight purchasers were Joshua
Jonathan Padelford" by S. C. Newman, Lamb, Nathaniel Paige, Andrew Gardner,
1859, in the library of the N. Eng. Hist. Benjamin Gamblin, Benjamin Tucker, John
Gen. Society, from which the foregoing Curtis, Richard Draper, and Samuel Rug-
quotations are made. gles, all of Roxbury.
2 Council Records. 28

434 PAIGE.
dicates that he was a prosperous farmer, as the value of his farm had more
than doubled during the four years ot his ownership, and it was abundantly
stocked with horses, neat cattle, sheep, swine, and farming tools ; and among
his possessions was also a " servant raan " valued at fifteen pounds. His real
estate at Billerica and the wild lands near Quabaog and Worcester he devised
to his two sons (a double portion to the elder, as was then customary), and 200
acres of land in Dedham, near Neponset Bridge, which he bought of the
Indians in 1687, to his two daughters, in equal shares. Whether he was in
Boston on business, on a visit, or for medical aid, does not appear; but he
died there on the 12th of April 1692, as the Billerica records show. His last
wUl, dated on the day next preceding his decease, and describing him as
"of Bilrekey in the County of Middlesex, New England, yeoman, being sick
and weak of body," is signed " Natt Paige; " and tbe signature is unusually
plain and distinct, indicating a reraarkable steadiness of nerve so near the
close of life. His w. Joanna probably died in 1724, as on the fourth day of
July in that year her sons divided the real estate in which she had dower
under the provisions of their father's will.
V 2. Nathaniel, s. of Nathaniel (1), ra. Susanna, dau. of Maj. John Lane
ot BiUerica, and grand-daughter of Job Lane of Maiden, 6 Nov. 1701 ; she d. 2
Sep. 1746, a. 63, and he in. Mrs. Mary Griraes, who long survived hira. His
chil. were Nathaniel, b. 4 Sep. 1702; John, b. 11 Oct. 1704; Christopher, b.
16 July 1707; Susanna, b. 29 Ap. 1711, ra. Samuel Bridge ot Lexington 9 Ap.
1734, and had son Samuel, b. 6 Jan. 1735; she d. 16 Jan. 1735 ; Joanna, b. 29
Oct. 1714, m. Josiah Fassett 14 Ap. 1747. Nathaniel the f. was a farmer,
cornet of a company of cavalry, selectraan, and a prorainent raanager ot af
fairs in Billerica, and in Bedford after the incorporation of that town, where
be d. 2 Mar. 1755, a. 75; his head-stone, on which his name is erroneously
spelled Page, is still standing in the ceraetery near the Coraraon. In his will,
dated 1 June 1748, he devised his homestead to his son Christopher, 200 acres
of land in Hardwick to his grandson Samuel Bridge, £350, old tenor, to his
dau. Joanna Fassett, and the reraainder to his three sons; and he directed
that his chil. John, Christopher, and Joanna, and his grandson Samuel Bridge,
on penalty of forfeiting £60 each, should release to his eldest son Nathaniel,
all " right to the estate in Old England, which belonged to their mother Su
sanna Paige late of Bedford, deceased." ^ He appointed his three sons as
executors of his will, who wrote their narae Paige on their bond of adminis
tration in 1755; later in life they changed the orthography, and wrote it
Page, and the larger portion of their descendants have perpetuated the
error. 3. Christopher, s. of Nathaniel (1), ra. Joanna  ; she d. 27 Oct 1719,
and he m. Elizabeth, dau. of Deac. George Reed ^ of Woburn, 23 May 1720.
His chU. were Joanna, b. 10 Aug. 1717, m. Benjamin Farley of Bedtord, and
1 This estate was probably in Yorltshire. vented the heirs from obtaining possession
Job Lane of Maiden, in his will dated 28 of the estate.
Dec. 1696, devised to his son John "all the ^ Deacon George Reed, ot that part of
land I have in England, in Yorlvshire, to AVoburn which is now Burhngton, b. 14 Sep.
him and his heirs forever." When the es- 1660, and d. 20 Jan. 1756, was son of George
tate of Maj. John Lane of Billerica was di- Reed, who was b. in England about 1729,
vided, 26 Mar. 1718, it was agreed that the and d. at Woburn 21 Feb. 1705-6, and
English estate should be shared by all liis grandson of AVilliam Reed who m. Mabel
children, namely, Job, Jolm, James, Husan- Kendall and came from England in 1635,
na, Vf. of Nathaniel Paige; Mary, w. of with wife and three children; res. success-
John AVhitmore ; and J/(ir(Aa, w. of James ively at Dorchester, Scituate, Boston, and
Miuott; the eldest son to take a double Woburn; returned to England, leaving his
portion. Nathaniel Paige, son of Susanna, three elder children here, aud d. at Newcas-
devised to his son Thomas, m 1772, "my tle-upon-Tyne, in 1656, a. about 69. His
estate in Old England." The same property w. Mabel, with her vounger children, again
is mentioned in the settlement of estates for crossed the ocean, m. Henry Summers of
a few years afterwards, and then disappears. AVoburn 21 Nov. 1660, and after his death
There is a tradition, in vanous forms, and res. with her son George until 15 June 1690,
in several branches of the family, tliat the when she d. a. 85. For a more full account,
change of name from PaigB to Page pre- see History of ihe Reed Family, by Jacob
W. Reed, pp. 61-150.

PAIGE. 435
was living in 1770 (her dau. Joanna was b. at Bedford 22 Ap. 1733; and her
son Benjamin was drowned in returning from Crown Point, durino- the French
War); Christopher, h. 11 June 1721; WiUiam, b. 2 May 1723; (Jeorge, b. 17
June 1725; Timothy, b. 24 May 1727; Jonas, b. 19 Sep. 1729 (he was early
crossed in love, which partially unsettled his mind ; he served in at least five
campaigns during the French AVar, and was living, unm., in 1792); Elizabeth',
b. 3 Oct 1731, d. young; Lucy, b. 22 Feb. 1733-4, m. Seth Lincoln of West
ern (now Warren) 10 Oct 1751 (he died in 1793, and she m.  Tyler,
and d. 1 Sep. 1821) ; Nathaniel, b. 12 May 1736; John, b. 6 July 1738; Eliz-
abelh,b. 7 June 1743, in. Soloraon Green, 29 Dec. 1763 (one of her eight
children was Rev. Archelaus Green, a Universalist clergyraan, who was b. 16
July 1770, and d. at Virgil, N. Y., 25 Dec. 1843). Christopher the f. was
a farmer and joiner, and res. on the easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place
marked " A. Warner" on the R. Map. He carae here from Bedford prob.
early in 1735, and was very active in the management of the common property
of the " Proprietors," and in the organization of the township and of the
church. He was frequently tbe agent of the inhabitants or "settlers" to
transact their business with the proprietors, while their raeetings were held at
Roxbury, and with the General Court at Boston, notably in their final and
successful effort to obtain incorporation as a town. He was moderator of the
first town-meeting in 1739, selectman seven years, and assessor five years.
He was also moderator of all the meetings of the proprietors held in Hardwick
until 1761; and compensation was granted to hiin 16 May 1757, "for service
done the proprietors as their agent to the General Court." At the organiza
tion of the church, 17 Nov. 1736, his name stands first on the Ust of merabers;
and he was elected, 3 Dec. 1736, as its first deacon. This office he resigned,
13 April 1749 (and prob. his membership also), and became a meraber of the
church in Nitchawaug, now Petershara. This caused a breach between the
two churches, wbich was. not healed tor about twenty years. He d. 10 Mar.
1774; his w. Elizabeth d. in 1786, a. 86. A numerous posterity survived, as
appears by an obituary, published in the Massachusetts Gazette, 31 Mar. 1774:
"At Hardwick, Deacon Christopher Paige, aged 83 years and 21 days, in a
comfortable hope of a better life ; he left a widow, and has had 12 ^ children,
9 now living and 3 dead, 81 grand-children, 66 living and 15 dead. A funeral
sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Hutchinson at his funeral, on the Mon
day following."
4. JS'athaniel, s. ot Nathaniel (2), m. Hannah Blanchard, and had Nathan
iel, b. 22 May 1729, d. unm. 26 Mar. 1751; Thomas, b. 5 May 1733, m. Anna
Merriam 4 Jan. 1756, and d. s. p. 21 July 1809 (his w. Anna d. in 1810);
Hannah, b. 15 May 1736, m. Jonas French 5 Jan. 1758; William, b. 19 Feb.
1737-8, m.  , and d. s. p. 10 Feb. 1812; David, h. 4 Ap. 1740 ; Susanna,
b. 22 Jan. 1742, d. unm. 26 Jan. 1772; Abigail, b. 5 Sep. 1745, ra. Bowman
Brown of Lexington. Nathaniel the f. res. in Bedford, and d. 6 Ap. 1779;
his w. Hannah d. 7 Sep. 1763, a. 59.
I V5. John, s. of Nathaniel (2), ra. Rebecca Wheeler of Concord; she d. I'2
July 1765, a. 43, and he m. Araittai, w. of Joseph Fassett of Lex., 15 Jan.
1756 ; she d. 25 Dec. 1771, and he m. Rachel Fitch 3 June 1773. His chih
were John, b. 2 Sep. 1733, James, b. 12 May 1735 ; Ebenezer, b. 3 June 1737;
Susanna, b. 21 Oct 1739, d. 26 Feb. 1750; Timothy, h. 11 June 1741; Nathan
iel, h. 20 June 1742; Rebecca, h. 23 Aug. 1743, ra. Solomon Cutler of Lex.,
and rem. to Rindge, N. H.; Mary, b. 5 July 1745, d. 13 Oct. 1745; Joanna,
b. 15 June 1746, m. Samuel Reed of Woburn 25 July 1771 ; Sai-ah, b. 8 June
1747, ra. Josiah Beard of Billerica; Elizabeth, b. 3 Aug. 1748, ra. Micah
Reed of Woburn 30 AprU 1772; Susanna, b. 12 June 1750, m. Amos Haggett
ot Concord; Samuel, b. 1 Aug. 1751; Mary, b. 9 Oct 1753, d. 21 Oct 1753.
John the f. res. in Bedtord, where he d. 18 Feb. 1 782 ; his third w. Rachel d.
16 Jan. 1801, a. 88.
1 I find the names of only eleven children shortly before her death, may have given
recorded, — six in Billerica, two in Bedford, birth to a child which died before receiving
after the incorporation of that town, and a name.
three in Hardwick ; perhaps the first wife.

436 PAIGE.
6. Christopher, s. of Nathaniel (2), m. Susanna Webber ot Medford, and
had Christopher, b. 29 Oct 1743, a captain, res. on the homestead, ra. I,ydia
 , and d. s. p. about 1828; Susanna, b. 17 May 1745, and d. 8 Sep. 1746;
Mary, b. 20 Feb. 1746-7, ra. Deac. Nathan Reed of Lex. 30 Ap. 1772, and
d. 17 May 1831; Job, b. 31 May 1748, d. 7 Ap. 1754; Susanna, b. 7 Ap.
1750, d. 28 Mar. 1754; Lucy, b. 26 Mar. 1752, d. 26 Mar. 1754. Christo
pher the f. res. on the horaestead in Bedford, and d. 11 Nov. 1786; his w.
Susanna d. 20 July 1792, a. 82.
7. Christopher, s. ot Christopher (3), carae to Hk. with his father in 1 735,
ra. Rebecca HaskeU of Rochester, pub. 3 Mar. 1738-9, and had one son,
Christopher, who rem. to Swanzey, N. H., and had many children; this numer
ous posterity, however, I have not been able to trace. Christopher the f.
was a precocious youth, being married before he was eighteen years old; but he
manifestly lacked discretion or energy in the general affairs of Ufe. He res.
for a tirae on the northerly border of the homestead, about midway between
the Gilbertville road and the house.of his brother AVilliam ; afterwards at Peter
shara and at Ware, where he d. 3 Dec. 1772.
8. AVilliam, s. of Christopher (3), ra. Mercy, dau. of James Aiken, 12 Jan.
1743-4, and had William, b. 1 May 1745; James, b. 19 Sep. 1747; Rebecca, b.
8 Oct 1749, ra. John Foster of Rochester 6 Oct. 1768; ^ Jesse, b. 4 Mar.
1752;Mercy, b. 18 May 1764, ra. Nathaniel Grave.", Jr., of Athol 29 May, 1777;
Lucy, b. 19 Mar. 1757, m. Daniel Ruggles 31 Dec. 1779; Christopher, h. 12
June 1762. William thef. was a farraer, and one of the foremost actors in
public affairs. In the French AVar he served his country in at least four cam
paigns, — as lieutenant in 1756, and as captain in 1758, 1759, and 1760.
In the Revolutionary period he was a raember and chairman of the Committee
of Correspondence, and of other important committees, representative in 1778,
1779, and 1780, and a delegate in the Convention at Cambridge in 1779 for
framing a Constitution. His military spirit long survived ; he accepted office
9 Jan. 1775 as captain of an " Alarm List; " and when the company com
manded by his brother, Capt Tiraothy Paige, raarched "to Bennington in an
alarra," 21 Aug. 1777, he volunteered his service as a " cadet." He was one
of the coraraittee appointed by the General Court for the sale ot confiscated
estates in the county of Worcester. He served the town as selectman ten
years, and assessor three years; he was also a pillar in the church, ot which he
was elected deacon 9 Nov. 1769. He res. on the northerly side ot a road
which formerly extended easterly from a point about thirty rods northerly
frora the place on the easterly road to Gilbertville, marked " J. Marsh" on
the R. Map, to the place raarked " D. Warner." Traces of the old road are
still visible, on the southerly border of the present homestead ot Mr. Charles
MandeU, and also on the side hill easterly from the brook. The house re
mained standing on the westerly side of the brook seventy years ao-o, and
vestiges of the cellar and garden raay probably yet be seen. This estate ad
joined the homestead ot his father, and here he dwelt until late in life, when
he rem. to a house standing at or near the place marked " Moulton," not far
from the present central bridge over AVare River, where he d. 14 Feb. 1790;
his w. Mercy d. 19 Feb. 1823, at the great age of one hundred and two years
and thirty-six days,^ allowing eleven days for change of style. See James
Aiken. 9. George, s. ot Christopher (3), m. Rosilla, dau. ot Nathaniel Whit
corab, 4 June 1752, and had Nathaniel, b. 11 Jan. 1754; Asa, b. 25 Jan. 1766;
George, h. 9 Mar. 1758; Rhoda, b. 5 Oct. 1760, ra. Jaraes Perkins 7 Ap. 1791,
d. s. p. 8 Sep. 1835; Nathan, h. 7 Aug. 1762; Paul, b. 12 Feb. 1766 ; Peirce
b. 16 July 1768; Anna, b. 23 July 1771, d. unm. George the f. was a far
mer, and res. on a farm adjoining the homesteads of his father and his brother
1 It is worthy of remark, that Rebecca Hardwick. The venerable lady walked up
Paige and her two elder brothers were all the pulpit stairs, leaning on the arm of her
married on the same day. grandson, Mr. Charles Paige. Her ears
2 On the one hundredth anniversary of her having become dull of hearing, she stood by
birth, an appropriate sermon was delivered the side of the preacher during almost the
by Rev. Mr. Wesson, in the old church in entire service.

PAIGE. 437
WUliam, at the place raarked " D. AVarner " on the R. Map. He d. 8 May
1781; his w. Rosilla m. Capt WiUiam Breckenridge of AVare 17 Mar. 1790,
and after his death returned to Plk., res. on the homestead with her son Paul,
and d. 29 Oct 1807. Like her sister Mary (who m. Paul Dean before men
tioned), she is said to have been noted for her Uidustry and energy.
10. Timothy, s. of Christopher (3), m. Mary,i dau. of Deacon James Fos
ter of Rochester, 24 Oct. 1754, and had Lydia, b. 15 Sep. 1756, m. Thomas
Fuller 26 Nov. 1778; Timothy, b. 16 Feb. 1757; Mary. b. 18 Oct 1759, ra.
Daniel Fay, Jr., 23 Aug. 1778; Foster, b. 29 Aug. 1761; Reed, h. 30 Aug.
1764; Moses, b. 12 Dee 1765, d. 28 Dec. 1765; Moses, b. 9 Feb. 1767; Re
becca, h. 28 Nov. 1768, ni. Capt. Seth Peirce 22 Dec. 1793, had one child
(which died in infancy), and d. 2 Aug. 1795; Thomas, b. 7 Nov. 1770, d. 21
Nov. 1770; Thomas, b. 12 Ap. 1772; George Washington, h. 24 Aug. 1776, an
eminent physician and an elder ot the Presbyterian church in Colchester,
Delaware Co., N. Y., where he d. s. p. 10 Sep. 1834, having late in Ufe ra.
Mrs.  Cunningham, who survived him. Timothy, the f. was a farmer,
and rauch employed in the public service. He was selectman three years,
1778-1780; treasurer six years, 1781-1786; representative 1781; raeraber of
the Coraraittee of Correspondence and other important committees during the
Revolutionary period; as captain of railitia, led his corapany to Bennington, at
the alarra in August 1777, and to West Point in 1780, through a campaion of
three raonths. On the organization of the mUitia after the adoption of the
Constitution, he was commissioned colonel, which office he held during the
remainder of his life. He was a staunch supporter of the government, and
rendered service, 1786, in the suppression of the Shays rebellion. He res. on
the homestead, where he d. 26 Aug. 1791; his w. Mary d. in New Braintree,
21 July, 1825, a. 93, and was buried by tbe side of her husband in Hiird-
wick.^ The following obituary notice appeared in the Columbian Centinel, Sep.
10, 1791: "In Hardwick, on the 26'" ult, Col. Timothy Paige, aged 64
years, after a distressing sickness of upwards of twenty days, which he sus
tained with Christian patience and fortitude, -and died in the firm faith and
hope of a future resurrection and a happy iraraortality. He was a gentleraan
of abiUties, and filled a nuraber of important stations, both in the civil and
mUitary departments, with fidelity and honor. A number of gentleraen in the
military line attended the interment ot his remains, among a numerous con
course of mourning friends and relatives ; and a company of infantry, dressed
in uniform, attended the solemnity and performed military honors.^ A pa
thetic and well adapted discourse was delivered on the occasion by tbe Rev.
Thomas Holt, from these words, — ' O Death, where is thy sting V O Grave,
where is thy victory ? ' "
11. Nathaniel, s. ot Christopher (3), ra. Joanna, dau. of AA'^iUiam Free
man of Sand-wich, 13 Sep. 1759; she d. s. p. 30 Mar. 1783, and he in. Martha,
sister of Rev. Elisha Fish of Upton, pub. — Aug. 1783, and had Freeman, b.
21 Mav 1786, a clothier; Elizabeth, b. 27 Ap. 1788; Nathaniel F., b. 11 Aug.
1790; Jason, b. 18 Dec. 1792, a merchant in New York. Nathaniel the f.
was a farmer, and res. near the central bridge over Ware River, at the place
marked " A. Rich" on the R. Map ; his farm being separated from that of his
brother George by the highway. He was elected deacon of the church 12 May
1785, was colleague about five years with his brother Williara in that office,
and performed its duties with singular propriety and dignity until about 1812,
when he rem. to Athol, where he d. 6 Jan. 1816, a. nearly 80; his w. Martha
d. 15 Feb. 1816, a. 63. Deacon Paige was atrue gentleraan in his demeanor;
1 Marv Foster was a lineal descendant '¦> This was probably the first military
from Eider William Brewster, Governor funeral in the town, and the only one until
Thomas Prence, and Major John Freeman. October 1811, when similar honors were ren-
See Chii.likgs WORTH Foster (3), note. dered at the burial of John Warner, who
¦ 2 Deacon Christopher Paige and four of was accidentally killed during a 'sham
his sons, — Christopher, WilUam, George, fight," at a military parade ou the second
and Timothy, were buried near each other, day of that mouth.
in the southwesterly corner of the old burial-
place.

438 PAIGE.
affable and polite; quiet and inoffensive; and remarkable for the purity of his
character, adorning tbe office which he held and the doctrine which he pro
fessed. His white full-bottomed wig gave him a venerable appearance in the
"deacon's- seat."
12. John, s. of Christophe'r (3), m. Hannah, dau. of Capt Edward Wins
low ot Rochester, pub. 24 Dec. 1764. They had only one chUd, Winslow, b. 28
Feb. 1767. John the f. was a farraer, and is said to have resided for several
years in the northeasterly part of the town, at the place marked " T. Bruce "
on the R. Map. In 1786 he bought the estate at the junction of the Pet. and
Barre roads, about a hundred rods north of the Comraon, marked " Mr. Holt,"
which he transferred a year afterwards to his son Winslow, who sold it, 2 Ap.
1790, to Rev. Thomas Holt, when both father and son rem. to Stephentown,
N. Y. In 1794, the father rem. to Schaghticoke, N. Y., where he d. 14 or 15
Ap. 1812. His grandson wrote to me, "he attended the funeral of ray grand
mother on Saturday [Ap. 13], went to the grave; on his return, to his bed,
died, and was buried in the same grave three days afterwards." He had
served two campaigns during the French War, " was at Quebec at its capture,
and was with and very near Wolfe when he fell ; in this campaign he refceived
a wound, and carried the ball in his leg to his grave." (MS. Letter from John
K. Paige, Esq., 20 Jan. 1840.)
13. David, s. of Nathaniel (4), ra. Abigail Jones of Concord, 10 Oct 1764,
and had David, b. 7 Feb. 1767; Hannah, b. 11 Mar. 1773, m. Rev. Reed Paige
ot Hancock, N. H., 26 Dec. 1794. David the f. res. in Bedford, was a far
mer, and for raany years carried milk to the Boston market. He was a raan
of large frarne and rather haughty manners, insorauch that he was familiarly
known as "King David." Late in life he rem. to Middlebury, Vt. (where
his son David then resided), and d. 11 Jan. 1819, a. nearly 79.
' \ V 14. John, s. of John (5), m. Mary, dau. of David Cutler of Lexington, 15
Sep. 1767, and had Rebecca, b. 18 Nov. 1757, ra. Thomas Robinson 11 Ap.
1776, d. at Onondaga — Oct 1828; Mary, b. 10 Sep. 1760, m. John Wheeler
18 Nov. 1779; Amittai, b. 25 Sep. 1763, m. Foster Paige 6 Jan. 1786, d. 5 Nov.
1860; John, b. 19 Oct 1766; Sally, b. 9 Oct 1768, ra. Jonathan Warner 25
Feb. 1789, d. 11 June 1807; David, b. 15 May 1771; Joseph, twin, b. 6 Aug.
1774, d. young; Benjamin, twin, b. 6 Aug. 1774 ; Betsey, b. 26 Sep. 1777, m.
Edward Clark, Jr., 23 Feb. 1800, d. 9 Jan. 1862; Joseph, b. 19 Mar. 1780;
Hannah, b.  Sep. 1782, ra. Zadok Dimond of Springfield, 16 June 1819, d.
25 Feb. 1859. John the f. was a farmer, rem. from Bedford to Hardwick in
1757, and res. two miles westerly from the Common, on tbe Greenwich road,
at the place marked "Wid. Paige " on the R. Map. He d. 31 Oct. 1789
(wrongly inscribed 1790 on his head-stone); his w. Mary d. 31 May 1812, a.
74. 16. James, s. of John (5), m. Mary Stone 25 Oct. 1764; she d. in childbed
6 Jan. 17 70, and he ra. Anna, dau.'of Capt Joseph AA^arner, 25 Oct. 1770.
His chil. were Polly, h. 8 Aug. 1766, m. Lemuel Page i ot Rindge, N. H., 26
June 1798, and d. 26 Nov. 1853; an infant d. 6 Jan. 1770 ; Luther, b. 5 Nov.
1772; Anna, b. 1 Ap. 1775, 'd. 11 Aug. 1777; James, b. 13 Jan. 1777, d. 4 Oct
1777; Anna, b. 18 Oct 1778, m. Capt Moses Allen 26 June 1802, d. 7 June
1824; James, b. 2 Jan. 1781; Calvin, twin, b. 8 May 1784; Fanny, twin, b. 8
May 1784, m. Stephen Rice, Jr., 4 Sep. 1811 ; he d. 16 Aug. 1821, and she m.
Capt Moses Allen, pub. 7 May 1825; after his death she rem. to Boston, and
d. 15 Feb. 1873. James the f. was a cordwainer, and rem. trom Bedford to
Framinghara before 21 Oct. 1762, at which date he bought a farm in Hard
wick, and prob. rem. here immediately. He res. on the Petersham road, at the
place marked " L. Paige " on the R. Map, and d. 18 Jan. 1817; his w. Anna
d. 5 Jan. 18i4. ,
16. Ebenezer, s. of John (5), m. Dorothy, widow of Joseph Fassett, Jr., of
Lexington, 21 Feb. 1760; she d. 6 Feb. 1779, a. 41, and he ra. Susanna  ,
who survived him. His chU. were Anna, b. 29 Sep. 1760, m. Benjamin Lane
I He generally wrote his name " Lemma descended from John Page of Watertown
Page," and it so appears on the record. He who d. 18 Dec. 1676, a. " about 90."

PAIGE. 439
9 Dee 1779; Rebecca, b. 9 June 1763, m. Jonathan Wilson 22 July 1784;
Ebenezer, b. 30 Mar. 1765; John, b. 18 Feb. 1767; Dolly, b. 11 Dee 1768, d.
23 Ap. 1772; Moses, b. 11 Sep. 1770, d. 9 Aug. 1775; Lucy, b. 11 .July 1772,
d. 14 Aug. 1775; Mary, b. 24 July 1774; Joshua, b. 18 Jan. 1779; WiUiam, b.
19 Mar. 1783; Moses (posthumous), b. 9 Oct 1784. Ebenezer the f. res. in
Bedford, and d. 9 June 1784, a. 47.
17. Timothy, s. ot John (5), m. Margaret AA'ellington of Cambridge 12
May 1766, and had Joseph, b. 16 May 1767; Dorcas, b. 22 Ap. 1775, m. Jaraes
Wright 16 Mar. 1797. TimotHy the f. res. in Bedtord, was a soldier in the
Revolutionary Army, and was killed in battle at White Plains, 25 Oct. 1776;
his w. Margaret m. Asa Fassett.
18. Nathaniel, s. of John (5), m. Sarah Brown of Lex. 10 Dec. 1?74, and
had Nathaniel, b. 25 Oct. 1775, ra. Lydia Fitch, and d. in Bedford 30 Aug.
1858; Sarah, b. 22 May 1777, m. Samuel Randall, and d. in Boston 24 Mar.
1821; Timothy, b. 29 Jan. 1779, m. Isanna Harrington of Lex. 11 Jan. 1801,
and d. at Bedford 26 Dee 1860; John, twin, b. 3 Mar. 1781, m. Lucy Fitch,
and d. in AA^oburn (now AVinchester) 22 Feb. 1861; his w. Lucy d. 19 Feb.
1861, a. 76; Benjamin, twin, b. 3 Mar. 1781, m. Mary Penniman 9 Sep. 1804;
she d. 25 July 1805, and he m.  Newcomb of Quincy, where he d. 8 Ap.
1855; Christopher, twin, b. 10 Dee 1783 or 1784, m. Lydia Wetherbee ot Box-
boro, and d. 4 May 1840 ; Thomas, twin, b. 10 Dee 1783 or 1784, ra.  , and
d. in Carlisle 22 Aug. 1860; Thaddeus, twin, b. 5 May 1788, a colonel and cus
tom-house officer, ra. Dolly Richardson ot Leominster, and d. in Boston 27
Jan. 1837; his w. Dolly was living in 1882; Ruhamah, twin, b. 5 May 1788, ra.
Jonathan Lane ot Bedford, where she died 19 June 1882. All these children,
except Thaddeus, left posterity. Nathaniel the f. was a farraer, res. in Bed
ford, and d. 31 July 1819; his w. Sarah d. in consequence of an accidental
fracture of her thigh-bone, 2 Aug. 1839, a. 92.
19. Samuel, s. of John (6), ra. Molly Hutchinson of Bedford 23 Nov. 1775,
and had Rebecca, b. 4 Jan. 1778 ; Benjamin, b. 7 June 1780, a captain, res. in
Ludlow, 'Vt ; Samuel, bap. 25 July 1784, a colonel, res. in Plyraouth, Vt.
Samuel the f., before his raarriage, rem. to Rindge, N. H., where his children
were born; later in life he rem. to Plymouth, Vt.
20. AA^iLLiAM, s. of WiUiara (8), m. Mercy, dau. of Benjamin Rayraond, 6
Oct 1768, and had Mercy, b. 7 Oct. 1769; Leonora, b. 5 Ap. 1771, d. young;
Plethinia, b. 5 Mar. 1773 ; William, b. 11 Dec. 1774; Leonora, h. 2 Feb. 1777;
and others after he rera. to Ware. It is said that " he had a son, William,
who died without issue, and eight daughters." i William the t. rera. to Ware,
was for many years deacon of the church there, and d. 23 June 1826, a. 81;
his w. Mercy d. at Barnard, Vt, 23 Jan. 1796, a. 48. ^
21. James, s. of WiUiara (8), ra. Thankful, dau. of Benjamin Raymond, 6
Oct. 1768 (the same day on which his brother William and sister Rebecca
were raarried); she d. 31 Aug. 1806, a. 58, and he m. her sister Mary, widow
of James Lawton, 22 Mar. 1807. His chil. were Ralph, b. 21 Aug. 1769, ra.
Sally Thoraas at Brk. 1 Aug. 1793, and rem. to Rutland, Vt., where he d. 20
Aug. 1857;' Charles, b. 16 Oct. 1771 ; James, b. 14 Oct 1773, rem. to Lafayette,
Ind., and d. 24 July 1831 ; Nathaniel, b. 14 Ap. 1776, rera. to Granville, Ohio;
Benjamin, b. 24 July 1778, ra. Mary Ann Maooun of Ware, pub. 13 Nov. 1803,
and rera. to Richraond, Ind.; Lucinda, b. 28 July 1780, m. Joseph Muzzey 26
Ap. 1799, and after bis death m.  Arrastrong; Thankful, b. 13 Aug. 1782,
d. 24 Oct 1795; William, b. 15 Nov. 1784, rem. prob. to Granville, Ohio;
Mercy, b. 12 Nov. 1786, ra. Moses Brown of Ware 10 Dec. 1807, and (2d) 
Pepper; she d. at Ware 16 June 1880 ; Ira, b. 17 June 1789, rem. to Spring
field, Ohio. All these children, except Thankful, survived their father. James
the f. was a farmer, and res. near Ware River, at the place marked " C. Paige "
on the R. Map. He was politically involved in the " Shays " delusion, but
made his peace, and throughout his life was one of the most respected and
1 Hyde's Historical Address at Ware, 1847, to her sisters, — Joanna, wife of Asa Whit-
p_ 51. comb, Esq., and Deborah, wife of Steward
2 She was probably at Barnard on a visit Southgate, — who then resided there.

440 PAIGE.
trusted citizens of the town. He was selectman eleven years, and assessor
seventeen years; he was also raajor of militia, by which title he was generally
known. He was elected deacon of the church 10 Aug. 1812, an office which
had previously been filled by bis grandfather, his father, and one of his
uncles; andin which he was afterwards succeeded by his grandson. Deacon
James N. Brown. He d. 18 Feb. 1818.
22. Jesse, s. of AVilliam (8), ra. Mary, dau. ot Capt WUliam Breckenridge
of Ware, pub. 16 Jan. 1780; she d. 28 Feb. 1810, and he m. Mrs. Abigail
Whiting 20 May 1812. His chil. were Francis, b. 12 Aug. 1780, d. unra. about
1800; Mary, b. 13 Ap. 1783, d. 21 Nov. 1795; Christopher, b. 11 Sep. 1785;
Nancy (sometiraes called Agnes), b. 31 Mar. 1789, ra. Bassett Fay 22 Jan.
1811 ; a child b.  , d. 17 Feb. 1792; Sally, bap. 23 Mar. 1794, ra. George
Briggs of Lenox 19 Nov. 1816; Mary, bap. 11 June 1797, d. 30 Aug. 1798;
Jesse, bap. 19 May 1799 ; Hadassah, bap. 2 May 1802, ra. Chauncy Dewey ot
Lenox, pub. 18 Feb. 1828. Jesse the f. was a farraer, and res. on the easterly
road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " J. Mann," forraerly the homestead
of Brig.-Gen. Ruggles. He was one of the " minute-men " who raarched to
Carabi-Rlge in AprU 1775, upon the " Lexington alarra," and twice afterwards
rendered service in the army. He had little culture, but a full share of sound
comraon sense ; and he is reraerabered as a good neighbor and an honest man.
He d. 3 July 1818. His w. AbigaU d. 29 Aug. 1856, a. 79.
23. Christopher, s. of WiUiam (8), ra. Rebecca,^ widow of Rev. Elijah
Fletcher of Hopkinton, N. H., and had Elijah Fletcher, b.  , grad. H. C.
1810, and d. in Virginia in 1817; James W., b. about 1793, an eminent mer
chant in Boston, where he d. 19 May 1868, a. 75; Christopher, b.  , res. in
Nashua, N. H.; and perhaps others. Christopher tbe f. grad. D. C. 1784,
was the first pastor of the Congregational Church at Pittsfield, N. H., 1789;
was dismissed 1796, and after preaching for several years at Deering and
Washington, N. H., was installed as the first pastor of the church at Roxbury,
N. H., 21 Nov. 1816, from which charge he was disraissed 2 Mar. 1819, rem.
to SaUsbury, N. H., and d. 12 Oct 1822.
24. Nathaniel, s. of George (9), m. Salvina, dau. of Joshua Crowell, 1
Feb. 1781, rera. to Barnard, Vt., and had Nathaniel, b. 26 Oct. 1788, ra. Nancy
Gifford 21 June 1813; Salvina, b. 15 May 1794, m. Alpheus Howe of Royal
ton 20 Mar. 1817; Polly, b.  , d. 30 Oct. 1795; Polly, b. 16 Dec. 1795.
Nathaniel the f. was a colonel, and d. 22 Aug. 1824; his w. Salvina d. 28
Aug. 1826.
26. Asa, s. of George (9), rem. to Barnard, Vt., where he m. Lydia, dau.
of Elkanah Steward, 19 P'eb. 1789, and had Rosilla, b. 25 Feb. 1790, m. Har
ris Pike of AVaitsfield 26 Feb. 1824, and was living at Barnard in 1874; Mar
tin, b. 8 Dee 1791, d. — Mar. 1861; Anna, b. 19 Dec. 1793, d. 8 Sep. 1794;
Asa, b. 18 Aug. 1795, d. 23 Jan. 1862; Lydia, b. 22 Oct 1797, d. 3 Mar. 1798;
Cyrus, b. 19 Jan. 1799, a farmer and deacon in Barnard, m. Laura Burke of
AVestminster. Vt, 19 Feb. 1826, and (2d) Elizabeth Rix of Royalton, Vt, 11
Feb. 1852, bad posterity by both wives, and d. 28 Nov. 1875; Leonard, b. 7
Ap. 1801, was living at Oberlin, Ohio, in 1874; Louisa,b. 5 Sep. 1803; Hiram,
b 3 Dec. 1805, d. 18 Ap. 1835; Luthera, b. 20 July 1809. Asa tbe t. was a
farmer, and d. 20 Dec. 1819; bis w. Lydia d. 25 June 1847, a. nearly 80.
26. George, s. of George (9), rem. to Barnard, Vt, where hem. Betsey
Bicknell 28 Oct 1782, and had Sally, b. 8 Jan. 1784, ra. David Lewis, 2 Nov.
1812; George, b. 28 Aug. 1786, ra. Mary Walker 29 Nov. 1810; Naomi, b. 1
Mar. 3 789, m. EUsha Richmond 21 Dec. 1815; Gardner, b. 6 Jan. 1791, ni.
Plunia McKinstry 20 June 1816; Ira, b. 2 Jan. 1789 (error in record, perhaps
should be 1792), m. Sarah Eaton 19 Mar. 1818; Betsey, b. 1 Mar. 1793; Bick
nell, b. 8 Ap. 1795; Anson, b. 12 June 1797 ; Anna, b. 14 Mar. 1799.
27. Nathan, s. of George (9), ra. Hannah Cobb 25 Ap. 1784, and rera. to
Royalton, Vt., where he had Alfred, a physician in Bethel, recently deceased;
William, Otis, Nathan, Lucius, Edward, Betsey, and Hannah ; it is said there
were two raore daughters, who prob. d. youno.
1 Her dau. Grace, by first husband, m. Hon. Daniel Webster.

PAIGE. 441
28. Paul, s. of George (9), m. Perninah Hanmer 15 July 1790, and had
Erastus, b.  1791, d. 14 Sep. 1792; Anna, bap. 15 May 1803, m. Anson
Giffin 30 May 1809, d. at AV. Brk. 20 Dec. 1868; Judson; Laurinda ; Lucin
da; Rhoda, d. at Hardwick, Vt., unm., a. 21; Arminda; these six bap. 15
May 1803; Caroline, bap. 24 July 1803; George Hanmer, bap. — June 1805;
Paul Whitcomb, bap. 21 June 1807, deacon in Brimfield, where he d. 14 Ap.
1876; Dwight, bap. 10 June 1810, m. Sally Rice of Brk. 5 Mar. 1835, and
(2d) AbigaU Brown 28 Sep. 1843; d. at Springf. 17 Feb. 1881; WUliam, twin,
bap. 5 JMay 1811 ; Willard, twin, bap. 5 May 1811, m. Rebecca Rice 21 Oct
1834, d. at AV. Brk. 10 Oct 1846. Paul the f. was a farraer, and res. on the
homestead. After the death of his w. Perninah, 16 Oct. 1814, he rem. to
Hardwick, Vt.
29. Peirce, s. of George (9), m. Anna Durfee, res. in Royalton, Vt., and
had chil. : Roswell, David, Elijah, Calvin, Riley, Phila, Laura, Mary, and
Elvira. 30. Timothy, s. of Tiraothy (10), m. Mary, dau. of Thomas Robinson, i 20
Jan. 1780, and had Mary, b. 28 Oct. 1780, ra. Col. Thoraas Wheeler 14 Feb,
1805, and d. at Ticonderoga, N. Y., 18 Sep. 1828; Sophia, b. 31 Oct 1782, d
unra. 23 Oct. 1861; Stephen West, b. 3 May 1786; Timothy, b. 6 Mar. 1788
Martin, b. 27 Sep. 1791 ; Cyrus, b. 7 Ap. 1794, d. 16 .Jan. 1796 ; Rebecca, b.
27 Aug. 1796, d. unra. 30 Mar. 1821; Cyrus, b. 16 Sep. 1799, d. 28 June 1803
Lucius Robinson,^ b. 8 Mar. 1802. Timothy the f. was a farraer, but during
a large portion of his lite was much engaged in public affairs. He was a mem
ber of the company of "rainute-raen," and raarched to Carabridge upon the
Lexington alarm ; he afterwards served, for short periods, several times during
the Revolution, but did not enlist in the regular army. He was lieutenant of
militia in 1784, and on the 30th of May, 1788, was comraissioned Captain of
the " Cadet Company," then organized by special order of the Governor. He
was selectraan from 1798 to 1810, and from 1817 to 1821, eighteen years;
assessor from 1798 to 1821, twenty-tour years; also raoderator of every March
meeting, with a single exception (and nearly all the other town-meetings),
from 1802 to 1821, representative in the General Court seventeen years suc
cessively, from 1805 to 1821 inclusive; and a delegate to the Constitutional
Convention in 1820. He was comraissioned justice of the peace 9 May 1803,
and ot the quorum 29 Aug. 1816; and from his first appointment until his
death alraost every " Justice Court " in the town was held by him. He res.
about five or six years after his marriage on the horaestead, with his father,
and then erected the house which still reraains on the place marked "J.
Marsh " on the R. Map, about forty rods northerly from his forraer residence,
and there d. 29 Oct. 1821 ; his w. Mary soon reraoved to the house raarked
" Wid. Paige," at the northerly end of the Common, and d. 29 Mar. 1836, a.
77. An obituary in the New England Palladium, 9 Nov. 1821, described him
as "one of the oldest members of the House of Representatives; a man who
united very many excellent and useful qualities, and who was universally es
teeraed among his acquaintances for his intelligence und unbending integrity; "
and on the next day (10 Nov.) the Columbian Centinel referred to him as
" one of the oldest members of the House of Representatives of this State; an
undeviating patriot, and an intelUgent man." ^
31. Foster, s. of Timothy (10), m. Amittai, dau. ot John Paige, 6 Jan.
1786, and had Gardner, b. 16 Oct 1785; Seneca, b. 15 Feb. 1788, ra.  ,
1 Mary Robinson was a lineal descendant ^ xhe original name was Lucius; Rohin-
'from Gov. Thomas Dudley 1 (who d.at Rox- son was added by an act of the General
-bury 31 July 1653), through his daughter Court.
Mercy,2 who m. Rev. John Woodbridge of 3 He was one ot the " first three " who,
Newburv; their dau. Martha 3 m. Capt. for a period of about twenty years each,
Samuel'Ruggles of Roxburv 8 July 1680; held undisputed prominence in the manage-
their dau. Patience* m. James Robinson of ment of public affairs in the town; namely,
Boston 3 Julv 1711; their son Thomas,5 b. Brig.-Gen. Timothy Ruggles, from 1754 to
20 Ap. 1718, "m. Mary, dau. of Capt. Elea- 1774; Maj.-Gen. Jonathan Warner, trom
zar Warner 23 Nov. 1744; and their dau. 1780 to 1802; and Timothy Paige, Esq., from
Mary,6 b. 3 Dec. 1758, m. Timothy Paige, 1802 to 1821.
Esq., as in the text.

442 PAIGE.
res. in Bakersfield, Vt, and afterwards in Dunham, Canada East; he was a
meraber of the Provincial Parliaraent, and d. s. p. 11 Oct. 1866; Reed, b. 28
Mar. 1790, ra. (at Barnard, Vt.) Eunice, dau. of Dr. Convers Cutler of Hk.,
31 Mar. 1819, was a farmer, res. in Bakersfield, Vt, and d. s. p. 22 Feb. 1867;
Mary, b. 18 July 1792, m. Jesse Paige and d. here 19 Jan. 1823; Rebecca
Peirce, b. 17 Mar. 1797, ra. David Smith, and after his death ra. Asahel Deming
of AVest Berkshire, Vt., 5 Oct 1828 (they celebrated their "golden wedding "
5 Oct 1878, and both are living in 1883) ; Foster, b. 25 Oct. 1801 ; Amittai
Cutler, b. 16 Nov. 1804, m. Lyman Hurlburt, and after bis death m. Elijah
Barnes, of Bakersfield, Vt, whora she survived and is living in 1883 ; Sally
Warner, b.b Aug. 1808, m. Josiah Fay Brigham ot Bakersfield, and d. 11
Mar. 1829. Foster the f. was a farmer, rem. to Hardwick, Vt., before 1800,
and thence to Bakersfield, where he d. 22 June 1843; his w. Araittai d. at
the house of her dau. in W. Berkshire, 5 Nov. 1860, a. 97.
32. Reed, s. ot Tiraothy (10), ra. Hannah, dau. of David Paige of Bed
ford, 25 Dec. 1794, and had Abigail, b. 23 Jan. 1796, ra. Jacob Flint 14 Nov.
1815; Mary, b. 2 Oct 1799, m. Moses Whitney 2 Dec. 1817; David, b. 11
Mar. 1802, a physician at Belvidere, III., d. in 1868 ; Timothy, b. 31 Aug. 1805,
was educated at West Point, a captain in the U. S. Array, resigned, and d. at
St Louis 14 June 1867; Nathaniel George Reed, b. 17 Aug. 1807, a farmer in
Marengo, IU., d. in 1863; William, b. 18 Ap. 1811, "went south about 1830,
and no tidings were ever received frora hira; it is supposed that he was mur
dered on the overland route to California; " * Lewellyn, b. 18 July 1816, d. 26
July 1816. Reed the f. grad. D. C. 1786, studied divinity with Dr. Emmons of
Franklin, was a Hopkinsian after the straightest sect, and, what was then very
unusual araong the orthodox clergy, was an ardent Democrat in politics. He
was ordained the first pastor of the church in Hancock, N. H., 21 Sep. 1791,
which office he retained through life. He published two ordination sermons,
an election sermon, 1806, and several others on different occasions. In the
" Gazetteer " of New Hampshire, art. Hancock, he is described as " a learned,
pious, able, and faithful minister; a good citizen ; an honest and upright man;
a firm patriot, and zealous and able advocate of his country's rights, which
very much endeared hira to the people of his charge, who frequently elected
hira to represent the town in the State Legislature of which lie was a mem
ber at the time of his death." He d. ot fever 22 July, 1816, in the midst of
his usefulness, a. about 52; his w. Hannah d. 7 Oct. 1847, a. 74.
33. Moses, s. of Timothy (10), m. Lucy, dau. of David Aiken, 27 Aug.
1789; she d. 27 Mar. 1800, and he ra. her sister, Mary Aiken, pub. 17 May,
1801. His chil. were, twins, b.  , d. 1 May 1790; Mary Aiken, b.  , d.
young; Joel Simonds, b. 25 Jan. 1793; a chUd, b.  , d. 1 Feb. 1795;
Lucy, b. 13 Ap. 1796, m.' Anson Ruggles 14 June 1812, and d. 29 July, 1874;
Mary AnnAiken,b.8 Mar. 1798, ra. Lysander F. Haskins of Prescott 20
May 1833, and d. 29 or 30 Mar. 1862 ; Moses, b. 6 Feb. 1800; Asa, b. 9 Dee
1801, ra. Cordelia, dau. of Maj. Gardner Ruggles, was a physician and apothe
cary in Troy, N. Y., where be d. s. p. 19 Jan. 1836 ; Hannah, b. 11 May 1804,
ra. Horace H. Hayward of Ware 12 Dec. 1826, rera. to Marathon, N. Y., and
d. 16 Jan. 1845; Clarissa, b. 24 Dec. 1807, m. WilUara Breckenridge of Ware
6 Nov. 1827, d. 9 Dec. 1867. Moses the t. was a farmer, and res? in several
houses at different tiraes ; his last residence was on the turnpike, about three
quarters of a mile north from the Coraraon, at the place raarked "S. AA'eston "
on the R. Map, where he d. 6 Dec. 1818; his w. Mary m. Jonathan Marsh ot
Ware 1 Dee 1824, and d. in 1845.
34. Thomas, =. of Timothy (10), m. Susanna, dau. of Warham AA''arner
of N. Br. 17 June 1798, and had Susan Warner, b. 10 Aug. 1800 ; d. unm. at
Wore 6 June 1880 ; Hannah Ware, b. 22 June 1802, ra. Samuel AVood of Farn
hara, C. E., 9 Feb. 1843 (he d. 24 ,Ian. 1848); Daniel Waldo, b. 18 Feb. 1804,
ra. Sarah Smith 1836, res. in LenoxvUle, C. E., and d. 7 Feb. 1877 ; George
Washington, b. 18. May 1806, m. Elvira Waters of Barre, Vt, 24 Aug.
1 Winslow Memorial, p. 154; from which the last name in this family and some ot the
dates are taken.

PAIGE. 443
1835, res. Chicago; Almira Clark,h. 7 Feb. 1808, d. unm. 11 Mar. 1838;
Prudence Maria, b. 15 May 1811, m. Samuel A. Porter of Wore 5 Ap. 1831 ;
Sophia Foster, b. 4 Mar. 1815, m. Austin Bixby of AVorc. 15 Mar. 1836 ; Letitia
Duncan, h. 2 May 1817.; Thomas Reed, b. 1 June 1821, killed by the kick of a
horse 25 May 1836 ; Harriet Antoinette, b. 2 July 1826, d. 5 May 1827.
¦Thomas the f. was a farmer, and res. in Hancock, N. H., from about 1799 un
tU about 1816, when he rem. to New Braintree; in 1836, when stricken in
years, he rem. to Lenoxville, C. E., and subsequently to Compton, C. E.,
where he d. 16 June 1865; his w. Susanna d. 8 Dee 1863, a. 87.
35. AA'inslow, s. of John (12), ra. Clarissa, dau. of Gen. John Keyes of
Windham, Conn., pub. 13 Aug. 1 787, and had John Keyes, b. here 2 Aug. 1 788 ;
Hannah Winslow, b. — Aug. 1791, ra. Archibald CrosweU of Broorae,°N. Y.,
1822; Maria C, h.  1794, m. David Cady of Florida, N. Y., 1816; Alonzo
Christopher, b. 31 July 1796 ; Diana C, b. — Feb. 1799, ra. Allen H. Jack
son ot Florida N. Y., 1820; Antoinette A. L., b. — Aug. 1804, m. George
Sraith ot Florida 1825; he d. 1828, and she m. Hon. Platt Potter of Sche
nectady 1836. AVinslow the f. was a clergyman, and received the honorary
degree of A. M. from B. U. in 1828. He res. on the homestead iu Hk. untU
1790, when he rera. to the State of New York, and was settled at Stephen-
town, 1790, at Schaghticoke, 1793, at Florida, 1808, and at Broome, 1820,
where bed. 15 Mar. 1838.
36. John, s. of John (14), m. Anna, dau. ot Edward Clark, pub. 15 Sep.
1788; and had Clark, b. about 1789. John the f. was a farmer, and res. on
the Petersham road near the town line. He was very industrious, and re
markably successful in the accumulation ot property, transmitting a very large
estate to his grandchildren. He d. 21 Sep. 1836; his w. Anna d. 27 Mar.
1846, a. 77.
37. David, s. ot John (14), ra. Martha, dau. of Capt. Seth Peirce, 23 Aug.
1792, and had Cutler, b. 5 Oct 1792; John, b. 5 Mar. 1794, d. unra. 13' Dec.
1819; Huldah, b. 16 Sep. 1796, ra. Cok Elbridge Cutler 20 Sep. 1817, rera. to
Hartford, Conn., and d. — Mar. 1879; Mary, b. 13 Dec. 1799, m. Capt
Jonathan Webb 14 June 1819, and d. 2 Aug. 1869; Martha Ann, b. 23 July
1808, ra. Dr. James M. Sraith ot New Haven, Conn., 25 Nov. 1829, and d.
before 1845. David the f. was a very successful farmer, and res. on the turn
pike, about a mile northerly from the Common, at the place marked " D.
Paige " on the R. Map. He d. 22 Jan. 1864 ; his w. Martha d. 31 July 1844,
a. 74. His second w. Fanny, wid. of Sampson Peirce of N. Br., to whom he
was pub. 15 Aug. 18'45, ret. to N. Br. after his death, and d. 24 Ap. 1866,
a. 84.
38. Benjajiin, s. ot John (14), m. Elizabeth, wid. of Ezra Clark and dau.
of John AVebb, 6 June 1819, and had Benjamin Franklin, b. 24 Mar. 1820;
Joseph, b. 3 Sep. 1821, d. 3 July 1831; John, b. 11 Dee 1822, d. 19 or 20
Dee 1822; Mary Cutler, b. 18 Dec. 1823, ra. Henry Bassett of Ware 9 Ap.
1845; John W., b. 15 Aug. 1825. Benjamin the f was a farmer and captain
of militia; he res. on the homestead, and d. 14 Aug. 182 7 ; his w. Elizabeth d.
16 Mar. 1856, a. 73.
39. Joseph, s. of John (14) , ra. Fanny, dau. of Seth Lincoln of Warren
23 Ap. 1816, and had Emeline M., b. about 1819, m. Erastus W. Paige 7 Mar.
1850; Seth Lincoln, b. about 1821, ra.  , res. in Boston, and d. s. p. 28
Mar. 1879, a. 57; Mary C, b. about 1823, ra. Amasa W. Lincoln 10 June
1846 ; Joseph, b. prob. about 1825, rera. to the West, and d. several years ago;
Martha Ann, b.  ; Charlotte F., b. about 1828, m. Stewart Chase of
Holyoke, 5 Feb. 1852; Harriet M., b. about 1830, m. Dr. H. A. Harriraan
of Gardner 20 June 1853. Joseph the f. was a farmer; after his marrijige
he res. in Barre, where he d. 16 Ap. 1852, a. 72; his w. Fanny d. at Spring
field 21 July 1878, a. 80.
40. Luther, s. of Jaraes (15), ra. Sarah, dau. of Elijah Bangs, 22 Aug.
1802; she d. 21 Ap. 1816, a. 34, and he m. Mary, wid. of Barnabas
Hinkley, 4 Sep. 1816. His chih were Erastus Warner, b. 1 July 1803; John
Adams, b. 12 Feb. 1805, a mason, res. in Boston, .d. 5 Jan. 1864 ; Bela Bangs,

444 PAIGE.
b. 13 July 1807, ra; Rhoda Ann, dau. of StiUman Clark, 28 Nov. 1844, res. in
Boston a few years, and afterwards on the horaestead in Hk. ; Rosamond, b.
6 July, 1809, d. 8 Mar. 1816: Sarah Ann, b. 16 Mar. 1813, m. Capt John
Raymond 31 Mar. 1833, d. 23 Sep. 1861 ; Fanny, b. 3 Ap. 1814, d. —
July 1814. Luther the f. was a farmer, and res. on the horaestead; he d. 18
Jan. 1843; his w. Mary d. at Bangor, Me., 11 Mar. 1849.
41. James, s. of James (15), ra. Thirza Hopkins of Petershara, 8 July
1810, and had Henry A., b. 20 July 1811; Elizabeth, b. 5 Nov. 1821, m.
Andrew J. Richardson, 5 July 1843. James the f. was a raason, resided in
Boston, wrote his narae Page, and d. 2 Nov. 1846 ; his w. Thirza d. 17 Feb.
1870, a. neariy 84.
42. Calvin, s. of James (16), ra. Martha Ruggles 12 Nov. 1815 ; she d. 5
Aug. 1816, and be ra. PhUinda Gates 19 Sep. 1819. His chil. were Silvanus
Gates, b. 13 June 1820, d. 1 May 1821 ; Calvin Gates, b. 3 July 1829. Calvin
the f. was a raason, res. in Boston, wrote his narae Page, and d. 7 July 1850;
his w. PhiUndad. 23 Oct 1867, a. 74.
43. Charles, s. of James (21), ra. Lydia, dau. of Samuel French, 20 Sep.
1795; she d. 4 Oct. 1808, a. 33, and he ra. Eliza Sargent 22 Mar. 1810. His
chU. were Sophronia, b. 31 Mar. 1796, ra. Chiron Jenney 28 Sep. 1817, d. 25
Feb. 1854; Lucius, b. 4 Jan. 1798, d. 4 Jan. 1800; Charles, b. 8 Dec. 1799,
rera. to Fort Wayne, Ind. ; Thankful R.,b. 4 Aug. 1801, ra. Col. Abialbon
Carter of Pet (afterwards of Ware) 27 Feb. 1822, and d., his widow, at
Whitehall, N. Y., 13 Ap. 1878 ; Lucinda, b. 1 Ap. 1803, d. the same month;
James, b. 27 May 1804, rem. to W. Brk.; Lydia W., b. 17 May 1806,, d. unra.
at AVare 21 Oct 1881; a child b.  , d. 11 Oct 1808, a. two weeks;
Adelaide, b. 27 Jan. 1811, ra. Moses Smith 25 Dee 1834 ; Elbridge G., b. 5 Ap.
1813, a very prolific writer, under tbe assumed narae of "Dow, Jr.," and
author of the popular series of "Patent Sermons," which first appeared in
the " New York Sunday Mercury," of which he was editor and publisher, and
were afterwards published in three volumes ; raeeting with reverses in New
York he rera. to California, and d. at San Francisco 4 Dec. 1859 ; Ira, b. 2
June 1815. Charles the f. was a farmer, and res. on the homestead; he
was selectman 1826, andd. 21 Ap. 1863 ; his w. Eliza d. 28 or 29 Nov. 1868,
a. nearly 87.
44. Christopher, s. of Jesse (22), m. Judith, dau. of Jason Bigelow of
North Brk., pub. 10 June 1811, and had John Foster, b. 20 Oct. 1811 ; Abi
gail Bigelow, Nancy Bigelow, Francis Breckenridge, Mary Breckenridge, all
bap. 6 Aug. 1820; Christopher Wesson, bap. 26 May 1821. Christopher
the f. was a farraer, and res. about a raile and three quarters southerly from
the Comraon, at the place marked " J. Monroe " on the R. Map. About 1821
he rem. to Prescott and owned and cultivated one of the best farms in
that town; he d. 10 Sep. 1866, a. 81; his w. Judith d. 30 Dee 1872, a.
nearly 91.
45. Jesse, s. of .Jesse (22), m. Mary, dau. ot Foster Paige, in 1819 ; she d.
19 Jan. 1823, and he m. Charlotte, dau. ot James Robinson of Barre, 4 Sep.
1823.. His chil. were Mary Ann, b. 27 June 1820, m. Merritt Barnes of
Bakersfield, Vt, where she res. and was raother of many children; Rebecca
Maria, b. 28 Aug. 1822, d. unm. at Bakersfield about 1840 ; Caroline Augusta,
b. 23 July 1824, m. Henry EUsworth of Barre 2 June 1846; Edwin Jesse, b.
25 Feb. 1826 ; Ferdinand Benjamin, b. 10 Ap. 1828, m. EUza J. Shepard of
Barre 7 Sep. 1852; Averana Justina, b. 25 Aug. 1831, ra. Nelson I. Tucker
of Barre 29 Nov. 1855. Jesse the f. was a farraer, and inherited the home
stead, which, however, he did not long retain. He res. several years in Barre,
where he d. 3 Dec. 1869 : his w. Charlotte d. 29 Jan. 1853 ; both were buried
here in the new cemetery.
46. Stephen West, s. ot Timothy (30), ra. Lucy, dau. of Daniel Ruooles,
Esq., 26 Oct 1809, and had Adeline, b. 20 Mar. 1811, m. Capt. AValter San-
deU 31 Jan. 1842, and d. s. p. 3 Oct 1842 ; Theodore, b. 27 Oct. 1813, d. 21
Mar. 1814; Lucy,b. 30 July 1815, d. 10 June 1816 ; West, b. 23 Auo. 1817, m.
Caroline Maria, dau. of GUes Warner, 13 Dee 1848, and d. s. p. 4 Sep. 1853;

PAIGE. 445
William, h. 18 Deo. 1819 ; Lucy Rebecca, h. 19 Jan. 1822, ra. Elbridge Man
deU 18 June 1844 ; Daniel Ruggles, b. 14 July 1829, d. 26 Aug. 1833. Ste
phen West the f. was a farmer, and res. on the road to AVare, at the place
marked "Mr. Leonard" on the R. Map, and afterwards on the road to Gilbert
vUle, at the place raarked " L. INIanly ; " he was subsequently an innholder
at the old " AVillis Tavern," also at Princeton, Shutesbury, and Greenwich
ViUage until 1836, when he returned to Hk., and res. on the road to Ware, at
the place marked " C. Ruggles ; " in 1869 he rera. to the Old Parsonage, halt a
mile north from the Common, marked " E. Cutler," and there closed bis long
life. He was captain of cavalry, 1812, representative 1843, 1844, and justice
of the peace. He d. 24 Feb. 1871, a. nearly 86; his w. Lucy d. 25 Dec. 1865,
a. 74.
47. Timothy, s. ot Timothy (30), m. Cynthia, dau. ot Maj. Calvin Ammi
down of Southbridge 1 Mar. 1815, and had Cynthia Evelina, b. 4 Dec. 1815, d.
unm. 10 Nov. 1850 ; Juliet Eliza, b. 14 Ap. 1817, m. Merrick Mansfield, res.
several years at Barton, Vt, and d. at Dorchester 17 June 1866 ; Timothy, b.
17 Feb. 1819, res. at Baltimore, Md., and afterwards at Chattanooga, Tenn.;
Calvin Ammidown, b. 7 June 1820. TiMbTHY the f. taught school in Roches
ter 1807-8, and studied" law with Samuel Eastman, Esq., ot Hk., Samuel F.
Dickinson, Esq., of Amherst, and Hon. Abraham Holraes of Rochester, until
Oct. 1811, when he went to Georgia, and was preceptor of an academy at
Waynesboro', at which place and at Augusta he also practised law. In the
spring ot 1814 he returned to Hk., travelling the larger portion ot the way on
horseback. Near the close of that year he established himself as a lawyer in
Southbridge, at the organization of which town he was elected the first town
clerk. He was coraraissioned justice of the peace 31 Jan. 1*816. Besides per
forming creditably the various duties of his protession, he indulged his taste
for general literature, and acquired a local reputation as a poet.i Constitution
ally feeble in body, and with a very sensitive nervous organization, he was
prematurely exhausted by the labors and trials of life, and died of consump
tion 14 Nov. 1822, before attaining half of the allotted " three-score and ten "
years; his w. Cynthia d. 1 Nov. 1828, a. 35. •
48. Martin, s. of Timothy (30), m. Mary Ann, dau. ot Barnabas BUlings
of Chesterfield, 20 Aug. 1717, and had Timothy, b. at Hk. 3 Aug. 1818; Fred
erick Augustus, b. at Hk. 6 Nov. 1819; George, b. at Southbridge 17 Aug.
1821, a raerchant in Providence, d. s. p. (drowned near Charleston, S. C.) 3
Ap. 18.55 ; Julia Billings, b. at Northarapton 12 Jan. 1824, d. 14 May 1825 ;
James, b. at Northampton 9 Feb. 1826, d. 7 May 1826; Henry, h. at Lowell 5
Ap. 1829 ; Martha Pomeroy, b. at Greenfield 4 Jan. 1832, ra. 'William Stone ot
Terapleton 22 June 1854 (and had Frederick Paige, b. 10 Aug. 1865, Lucius
Paige, b. 27 jMar. 1857, and WiUiam Sidney, b. 2 Ap. 1862); Sarah Pomeroy,
b. at Worcester 9 Sep. 1837, d. 30 Sep. 1838. Martin the f. comraenced ac
tive business as a clothier at the Old Furnace, and res. in tbe house in which
his parents were married, marked " T. Elwell" on the R. Map. The erec
tion of large manufactories of woollens in New England very soon ruined the
small cloth-dressing establishments, and he, in common with many others, was
obliged to abandon that business. Being, however, a very skilful dyer, he
devoted himself to that art, and had the principal charge of that department
in several "factories." He changed his residence frequently, as indicated by
the birth-place of his children. In 1838 he rem. from Worcester to Temple-
ton, where he res. untU Dec. 1847, when he was corapelled, by the failure of
his health, to discontinue active labor, and rem. to Providence, R. I., where his
sons were engaged in business. He d. 7 Dec. 1872, a. 81; his w. Mary Annd.
27 Jan. 1875, a. 80.
49. Lucius Robinson, s. ot Timothy (30), m. Clarinda, dau. of Ezekiel
Richardson of Brk., 14 Sep. 1826; she d. 29 Aug. 1833, a. 28, and he m. Abby
R., dau. of Joseph \Vhittemore of Charlestown, and sister of Rev. Thoraas
Whittemore, D. D., 5 Oct 1834; she d. 23 Dee 1843, a. 36, and he m. Lucy,
wid. ot Solomon Richardson of Brk., and dau. of Barnabas Comins of Charl-

See specimen of his poetry on page 247.

446 PAIGE.
ton, 22 Oct 1845 ; she d. s. p. 3 Jan. 1864, a. 64, and he m. Ann Maria, wid.
of Hon. David T. Brigham of Keokuk, Iowa, dau. of Robert M. Peck, and

, _19
Sep.
1851, and d. s. p. 28 Oct 1852 ; Hilary Jane-Pearce, b. 8 Mar. 1832, d. unm. (of
consumption, like her mother and her brother) 27 Dec. 1854 ; Thomas Whit
temore Robinson, b. 17 Oct 1837, d. 2 Ap. 1838; Clarinda Richardson, b. 24
Dec. 1840, d. 30 Dec. 1843. Lucius R. the f. was educated in the common
schools of the town, and at Hopkins Academy in Hadley. He commenced
preaching 1 June 1823, received the feUowship of the Southern Association of
Universalists on the twelfth day of the same month, and was ordained 2 June
1826. He perforraed the duties of pastor nearly four years at Springfield, to
1829, about two years, to 1832, at Gloucester (now Rockport), and seven years
at Cambridge, to July 1 1839, when he finally resigned all pastoral charge. He
continued to preach, occasionally, about thirty years afterwards, until the pre
carious condition of his health compelled him to desist During his pastorate
he published " Selections from Eminent Comraentators," in 1833; " Questions
on Select Portions of the Gospels, designed for the Use ot Sabbath Schools and
Bible Classes," 1838, and a Centennial Address at Hardwick, in the sarae
year. He subsequently wrote a " Coraraentary on the New Testament," in six
volumes, the first of which was published in 1844, and the last in 1870. AA''hile
thus engaged, as a relaxation from severer labors, he gathered raaterials for a
" History of Cambridge," published in 1877, and for this " History of Hardwick,"
with a genealogy of its early farailies. He received the degree of A. M. from
Harvard College 1850, and that of D. D. from Tufts College 1861. He was
elected meraber of the Massachusetts Historical Society 1844, ot the N. Eng.
Hist. Genealogical Society 1845, ot the Pennsylvania Hist. Soe 1854, of the
Phi Beta Kappa Soe 1877, and of the Araerican Antiquarian Soe. 1878;
Hon. Member of the Worcester Soe ot Antiquity 1876, and Cor. Member of
the Hist. Soe of Wisconsin 1877. His literary labors yielding scanty returns,
he devoted the business hours of the day, for many years, to the perforraance
of secular duties. He was town clerk of Carabridge from March 1839 to Jan.
1840, and trom March 1843 to May 1846; city clerk ^ from May 1846 to Oct
1866 ; assessor frora Mar. 1842 to Mar. 1847; treasurer of the Carabridgeport
Savings Bank from April 1855 to April 1871, during the larger portion of
which period he was also successively cashier and president of tbe Cambridge
Bank. He was comraissioned justice ot the peace in Jan. 1843, and of the
quorum in Dec. 1863 ; and was a representative in the General Court in 1878
and 1879. Through life he had a Uvely interest in Freemasonry; he was Mas
ter of Mount Zion Lodge in Hk., frora Sep. 1826 to Sep. 1827, and of Amica
ble Lodge in Carabridge, frora Jan. 1846 to Dec. 1848; Deputy Grand Master
of the Grand Lodge of Mass. from Dec. 1851 to Dec. 1854; Commander of the
VUlage Encarapment of Knights Templars at Greenwich frora Sep. 1826 to Sep.
1827, and Secretary ^ and permanent member ot the Suprerae Council ot Sov.-.
Gr.-. Ins.-. Gen.-. 33° of the A.-, and A.-. Rite, in the northern jurisdiction ot
the United States, frora March 1861.
50. Gardner, s. of Foster (31), m. Betsey Parker, 25 Ap. 1810, and had
Gardner Addison, b. 22 Ap. 1811, m. Lydia B. Shattuck 27 May 1835 ;
Timothy Stillman, b. 18 Feb. 1814, d. 16 Oct 1817; Betsey Maria, b. 5 Ap.
1817, ra. Samuel H. Peckham ot Broome, C. E., 29 Dec. 1842, who d. s. p. in
July 1844, and she m. Charles R. Parker of Lockport, N. Y., 15 Feb. 1846,
and d. 7 May 1853; Elisha Stillman, b. 18 Mar. 1819, m. Betsev Soule of St.
Albans 4 July 1857; Mary Ann Lee, b. 17 Feb. 1822, ra. Edmund C. Knioht
27 Sep. 1849, res. at St. Armand, C. E. ; Sarah Jane, b. 27 May 1824,°m.
Henry Dean of Bakersfield 4 Nov. 1868. Gardner the f. was a farmer, res.
in Bakersfield, Vt, and d. 7 Nov. 1861 ; his w. Betsey d. 23 Feb. 1860.
1 The original name was Lucius Emmett 2 -Cambridge was incorporated as a city in
Clary; it was changed to Lucius Robinson, 1846.
at his urgent request, by an act of the Gen- s Secretary about two years, and mem-
eral Court. ber for life.

PAIGE. 447
51. Foster, s. of Foster (31), m. Julia Soule, and had Reed, b. 3 Oct
1828, d.  1833; Caroline E., b. 6 Oct 1830, m. Nelson Ayers ot Bakers
field; Foster A., b. 20 Oct 1832, m. Clara Beals ; Julia S., b. 13 July 1834, m.
George Clement of Dunham, C. E. ; Amittai R., b. 1 May 1836, ra. Dr. 
Prime of Broome, C. E. ; Clarissa A., b. 5 July 1838 ; Augustus S., b. 20 July
1840, m.  Teele of Dunham; Reed Decius, b. 30 June 1842, grad. H. C.
law school 1864, and d. in Oct 1868; Maria L.,b. 1 Mar. 1846. Foster
the f. was a farmer, res. in Bakersfield, and afterwards in St. Armand, C. E.,
where he died in Aug. 1866.
52. Joel Simonds, s. of Moses (33), m. Jane S. Fairchild of Troy, N. Y.,
1 July 1816; she d. 24 Dec. 1829, and he m. Ann Eliza Limbrick of Owego,
N. Y., 18 June 1833. His chU. were Margaretta Augustina, b. 15 Sep. 1818,
m. Hammond D. Phinney 26 May 1840, and d. 12 Jan. 1860; Anson Fair-
child (a deaf mute),i b. 31 May 1822, ra. Lucy Maria Sackett 8 June 1864,
and was a bookbinder in Colurabus, Ohio, and Springfield, Mass., d. 23 Dec.
1881; Thomas Limbrick, b. 31 Mar. 1834, m. Alzoa Nancy AVUbur 4 June
1862, d. 10 Dec. 1867; Charlotte Bonner, b. 4 Oct 1840; Lucy Aiken, b. 30
Aug. 1842, m. Ransora Paige; Mary, b. 4 Feb. 1846. Joel S. the f. was a
physician, and res. at Owego, N. Y.; late in life he rem. to Alexander, N. Y.,
where he d. 10 July 1866. He pub. a Masonic address 1817. [Sorae of the
foregoing facts are gathered from the Winslow Memorial, pp. 155, 156.]
53. Moses, s. of Moses (33), m. CordeUa, widow of his brother Dr. Asa
Paige, and dau. of Maj. Gardner Ruggles, 14 July 1837 ; and had Asa, b. 26
Ap. 1838, d. 20 May 1842; Orin, b. 16 Feb. 1840, m. EmUy Moseley Root 24
Dec. 1863, afarmer in Bennington, Vt; Edwin, b. 21 Mar. 1842, a farraer in
Bennington, m.  ; Lydia, b. 16 Ap. 1844; Cordelia, b. 31 May 1847; a son,
b. 13 Sep. 1850, d. 5 Oct 1850. Moses the t., after short residences else
where, settled in Troy, N. Y., where he was a grocer, and where he was mar
ried, and all his children, except the last two, were born. About 1846 he
purchased a large farm at the foot of Mount Anthony in Bennington, and was
a diligent and successful farmer during the remainder of life. He was a
warden of the Episcopal Church, and d. 6 Mar. 1872.
54. John Keyes, s. of AVinslow (35), ra. Helen Maria, dau. of Gov. Joseph
C. Yates of Schenectady, N. Y., 16 Oct 1817; she d. at Albany 29 Jan. 1829,
and he ra. Anna Maria, dau. ot Francis Bloodgood of Albany 20 Nov. 1833.
His chil. were Joseph Christopher Yates, b. 8 July 1819, grad. W. C. 1838, a
lawyer, chamberlain of the city of Albany for several years, m. Harriet Van-
derpool 1844, had three children, and d. 30 May 1876; Anna Bloodgood, b. 10
Dec. 1834 ; John Keyes, b. 18 Ap. 1837, d. 29 May 1838; John Keyes, b.  ,
grad. at Union Coll. 1865; Alonzo Winslow, b.  , took a partial course at
U. C. 1866, and was a civil engineer; Clara Antoinette, b.  ; Frances Eliza,
b.  . John Keyes the f. grad W. C. 1807; was appointed cadet in the
U. S. Array 1808, lieutenant 1812, and captain 1813 of U. S. Infantry, colonel
of mUitia 1817, admitted attorney at law 1810, district attorney 1818, clerk of
the Supreme Court 1823, and regent of the University, N. Y., 1829. He res.
several years in Albany, of which city he was mayor, but rem. to Schenectady,
where he d. 10 Dec. 1857, a. 69.2
55. Alonzo Christopher (originally Christopher Alonzo), s. of AVinslow
(35), ra. Harriet B. Mumford 11 July 1832, and had Benjamin M., b. 
1834, d.  1838; Clara Keyes, b.  1836; Harriet M., b. 1838, m. Doug
lass CampbeU; Edward Winslow, b.  , grad. Union Coll. 1864, and at Har
vard Law School 1866; and perhaps others. Alonzo C. the f. grad. AV. C.
1812, at the very eai;ly age of sixteen years, with the second honors of his class;
was admitted attorney at law 1818, was district attorney 1823, member of
the Assembly tour years, 1827-1830, senator five years, 1836 and 1838-1841,
reporter to the Court ot Chancery eighteen years, 1828-1846, judge of the Su-
1 I do not recollect to have found another than 20 Jan. 1840, were communicated to
deaf mute iu the Paige family, here or else- me by Col. John Keyes Paige, in a letter
where. bearing that date; the subsequent events
2 The facts concerning this family, earlier are gleaned from various sources.

448 PAIGE.
preme Court six years, 1847-50, 1865, 1856, and member of the Constitutional
Convention, 1867. He res. at Schenectady, and d. 31 Mar. 1868.1
66. Clark, s. of John (36), m. Lydia, dau. of Joseph Cutler of Western
(now Warren) 1 June 1813, and had Jolm, b. 11 May 1814; Lydia, b. 8 Ap.
1816, m. Ansel Phelps, Jr., Esq., of Ware, 30 Sep. 1841, res. in Springfield, of
which city her husband was mayor, and d. at Newton 26 Aug. 1876; Joseph
Cutler, b. 18 Dec. 1818; David, b. 21 Dec. 1820;^ Frazier, b. 16 July 1822;
Timothy, b. 27 Mar. 1824, res. at Stockton, Cal.;^ Calvin, b. 25 Oct. 1827, res.
at San Francisco, Cal. Clark the f. was a farmer, res. on the Petersham
road, near the town line, at the place marked " J. Paige " on the R. Map, and
afterwards bought the Gen. Warner farm, at the south end of the Comraon,
where he d. 16 May or 6 June 1831 ; his w. Lydia purchased the Dr. AVilliam
Cutler estate, half a mile north of the Common, where she d. 4 May 1878,
a. 86.
57. Cutler, s. of David (37), m. Hope, dau. ot Dr. Arthur Rawson, 15 Ap.
1813, and had David Cutler, b. 26 June 1816 ; a child b.  , d. 27 Feb. 1818;
AbigaU, b. 1 June 1819, ra. Joseph W. Haramond ot Pet, pub. 26 Ap. 1844,
and res. in Carabridge; George Rawson, b. 29 July 1826. Cutler the f. was
a very prosperous farmer, and res. on the turnpike, nearly a mile and a halt
north of the Common, at the place marked " C. Paige " on the R. Map (on the
farm formerly owned by Col. Stephen Rice, and still earlier by Capt. Stephen
Fay) ; after the death of his father he rem. to the homestead, where he d. 9
Sep. 1868 ; his w. Hope d. 23 Sep. 1867, a. 78.
68. Benjamin Franklin, s. of Benjamin (38), m. Pamelia W., dau. of
Cyrus Danforth, 31 Dec. 1848, and had George Danforth, b. 26 Mar. 1850;
Mary Pamelia, b. 8 Dec. 1852. Benjamin F. the f., a trader and postraaster,
res. in the Old Furnace Village, at the place marked " Col. Billings " on the
R. Map.
59. John W., son of Benjamin (38), m. Sarah D. Williams of Barre 26 Sep.
1860, and had Sarah Elizabeth, b. 18 Ap. 1852; Mary Cutler, b. 16 Aug. 1854;
Harriet, b. 13 Ap. 1860; Caroline Louisa, b. 16 Ap. 1866. John W. the f., a
farmer, res. on the turnpike, about half a mile north ot the Comraon, at the'
place raarked " J. Gorhara " on the R. Map, the forraer residence of Dr. Con
vers Cutler. His w. Sarah D. d. 7 Jan. 1871, a. 44.
60. Erastus Warner, s. of Luther (40), m. Lucinda, dau. of Joshua Law
rence 2 May 1833 ; she d. 18 Mar. 1849, and he ra. EmeUne M., dau. of Joseph
Paige of Barre, 7 Mar. 1860. His chU. were Delphia MandeU, b. 19 Feb. 1834,
ra. Addison Spooner of Barre, pub. 24 Aug. 1858; Joshua Lawrence, b. 21 Feb.
1836; Elizabeth, b. 26 June 1838, d. unra. 19 Auo. 1857; Sarah, b.  1842,
d. 29 Jan. 1843, a. 8 months; Ellen L., b. 10 June 1845, d. 22 Mar. 1849.
Erastus Warner tbe t. was a tanner, selectman six years, 1841-1846; res.
on the Moose Brook road, at the place marked " Wid. Lawrence " on the R.
Map, and d. 29 or 30 Oct. 1850.
61. Henry A., s. of James (41), m. Eliza W. Bigelow of Worcester, 1 Sep.
1842, and had Henrietta, b. 24 Dee 1844; Ellen, b. 4 Sep. 1846; Gordon Prince,
b. 7 Nov. 1849. Henry A. the f., a merchant, res. a few years in Medford, but
generally in Boston.
62. Calvin Gates, s. of Calvin (42), m. Susan H., dau. of Dr. Nathan
Keep of Boston, 3 Oct 1854, and had Edith, b. 26 June 1855 ; Richard Dick
inson, b. 28 Oct 1856, and d. on the sarae day; Calvin, b. 18 Oct 1857, d. 14
Nov. 1857 ; Hollis Bowman, b. 27 Oct 1869 ; Nathan Keep, b. 18 Jan. 1861, d.
1 These facts were ascertained in the man- was waiting to receive his family, the boiler
ner mentioned in the previous note. of the steamboat exploded, and the mother
2 His fate was tragical. After a season and surviving child were killed. Less than
of prosperity in California, his wife, Sarah, one year afterwards, 8 Ap. 1854, the be-
aiid two children, Annie and David, visited reaved father himself perished in like man-
Hardwick. On their return, a day or two ner, by an explosion of a steamboat boiler.
before their arrival at San Francisco, one ot A monument in the Hardwick Cemetery
the children died, but the mother kept pos- bears the names of this ill-fated familv.
session of the remains. As they approached 3 His son, George W., d. at Hardwick", 22
the wharf, 12 Ap. 1853, where the father Aug. 1857, a. one year and seven raonths.

PAIGE. 449
21 Mar. 1864 ; Fanny Bliss, b. 3 Nov. 1864, d. 30 Nov. 1864 ; Cidrin Gates, h.
9 July 1867. Calvin Gates, the f. grad. H. C. 1852, was a physician of
eminence in Boston, and d, 29 May 1869.
63. Ira, s. of Charles (43), m. Marcia Ann Brigham ot Prescott, pub. 11
Ap. 1840, and had Charles Ralph, b. 19 Ap. 1844. Ika the f. rem. early to
Acnia, Mich.
64. AVilliam, s. of Stephen AA^est (46), m. Fanny, dau. of LUly Manly, 26
June 1861, and had Lucius Robinson, b. 29 Ap. 1866. AVilliam the f., a
farmer, res. on the road to Ware, at the place raarked " C. Ruggles" on the
R. Map, until 1869, when he bought the Old Parsonage, formerly owned and
occupied by Rev. David White, half a mile north ot the Comraon, and raarked
" E. Cutler " on the R. Map.
65. Calvin Ammidown, s. ot Timothy (47), m. Mercy, dau. of Harvey
Dresser ot Charlton, 9 May 1843 ; she d. 14 Sep. 1852, and he ra. wid. Eleanor
Jane (Scofield) Shumway 20 F'eb. 1856. His chil. were Mary Elizabeth, b. 7
Ap. 1846, d. 2 Sep. 1848; Calvin De Witt, b. 20 May 1848; Francis Skinner,
b. 18 May 1857. Calvin A. the f., a manufacturer of cottons, res. in South-
bridge, and has been much engaged in public affairs ; selectman eight years,
overseer of the poor six years, assessor two years, representative in 1863, and
for many years notary public.
66. Timothy, s. of Martin (48), m. Rebecca R. Osborn of Terapleton 26
Dec. 1844, and had George, b. at Bridgewater, Vt., 21 Nov. 1846; Edwin
Decatur, b. at Claremont, N. H., 3 Ap. 1849; Mary Osborn, b. at Cavendish,
Vt., 11 May 1852; Martha EUen, h. at Cavendish 6 Feb. 1863. Timothy
the f., a very skUtuI dyer, res. in Cavendish (Proctorsville), Vt.
67. Frederick Augustus, s. of Martin (48), m. Alice B. Joslin of Prov
idence, R. I., 7 June 1864, and had Harriet Robinson, b. 10 May 1865; Fred
erick Augustus, b. 20 Sep. 1868; .iUce Dike, b. 23 Sep. 1869. Frederick
A. the f., a merchant, res. in Providence.
68. Henry, s. of Martin (48), m. Caroline Maria, widow of his cousin
West Paige, and dau, of Giles AVarner of Hardwick, 22 Aug. 1859, and had
George Warner, b. 2 June 1860; Mary Staples, b. 26 Mar. 1864; Caroline
Maria, h. 26 Oct. 1865. Henry the f., a raerchant and partner with his
brother under the firra name of F. A. Paige & Co., res. in Providence, R. I.
69. John, s. of Clark (56), m. Harriet, dau. of Dr. Joseph Stone, 23 Oct.
1846, and had Mary, b. 13 Jan. 1847. John the f., a farraer, res. on the
Barre road, halt a mile north of the Common, at the former residence of Dr.
Stone, whose narae appears on the B. Map.
70. Joseph Cutler, s. ot Clark (56), ra. Nancy M., widow of Henry B.
Gould, and dau. of Joseph D. Dexter, 2 Nov. 1865, and had Joseph Calvin, b.
12 Feb. 1867. Joseph C. the f., a, farmer, res. with his motlier, on the Pet.
road, halt a mile north of the Common, at the place marked " S. F. Cutler "
on the R. Map, and inherited the homestead.
71. Frazier, s. of Clark (56), m. Wealthy, dau. of Theophilus Knight, 11
Mar. 1844, and had a child b. 16 May 1846, d. 18 May 1846; Fanny, b. 26
Nov. 1847, m. Frank J. Browning, fo June 1876; Timothy, b. 16 July 1851;
Sarah A., b. 8 Aug. 1853, ra. Charles A. Potter of West Newton, 20 Jan.
1874; Theodotia Knight, b. 1 Aug. 1860. Frazier the f., a farraer res. on
the homestead ot his father (the Gen. Warner farm), in the centre of the
town. He was town treasurer four years, 1863-6.
72. David Cutler, s. of Cutler (57), m. Miranda Houghton of Pet., pub.
7 Mar. 1837, and had John C, b. 12 Ap. 1839, d. in Beriin, Germany, 12 July
1873; Maria L., b. 6 June 1842, d. 12 Deo. 1843; David Warren, b. 24 Jan.
1845, d. 26 Feb. 1868; Edward H., b. 4 Jan. 1849; Mary, b. 3 July 1853;
Charles F., b. 26 June 1855, m. Etta L. Fisher of Wore 5 Dec. 1876. David
C. the f. was a farmer and deacon of the church. He res. in Petersham, where
he d. 28 July 1880, a. 65 ; his w. Miranda d. 5 Mar. 1880, a. 64.
73. George Rawson, s. of Cutler (67), m. Caroline E., dau. of Bradford
Spooner, 22 Jan. 1852, and had George Cutler, b. 20 June 1854; Franklin, b.
18 Mar. 1858; David Frederick, b. 15 May 1862; William Arthur, b. 23 Mar.
29

460 PAIGE — PEACOCK.
1864. George R. the f., a farmer, res. on the Col. Rice farm, about a mUe
and a half north of the Common, raarked " C. Paige " on the R. Map ; he d.
17 Sep. 1866; his w. Caroline E. soon afterwards rera. to Wore, with her chil
dren, and subsequently to Cambridge.
74. Calvin De Witt, s. of Calvin A. (65), ra. Ida F., dau. of John Ed
wards, 21 Oct. 1873, and had Mary Dresser, b. 16 Nov. 1874; John Edwards,
b. 30 Nov. 1878. Calvin D. the f., a merchant, representative in 1878, res.
in Southbridge.
75. Timothy, s. of Frazier (71), ra. EUen Maria, dau. of AViUiara Brown
ing, 11 Nov. 1874, and had Harry Browning, b. 6 Ap. 1876; Frazier Knight,
b. 29 Jan. 1878; Edith Harriet, b. 12 Sep. 1880. Timothy the f., a farmer,
res. with his father on the homestead.
76. Edward H., s. of David Cutler (72), m. Lucy Maria, dau. of Moses
Ruggles, 5 July 1876, and had Edward Ruggles, b. 17 Aug. 1877; Moses Rug
gles, b. 5 Jan. 1879. Edward H. the f., a farmer, res. on the Col. Rice es
tate, formerly the res. of his grandfather. Cutler Paige, and of his uncle, George
R. Paige.
Painheart, Peter, ra. PoUy Cross 2 Nov. 1783.
Parker, Samuel, m. Hannah, dau. of Daniel Fay, 29 Jan. 1801, and had
Susan, b. 5 Oct 1801, ra. Alvah Hathaway 13 Sep. 1824, res. in Boston;
Joseph, b. 10 June 1803, m. Phebe Jane Baker, res. in Milford and afterwards
in Boston; Electa, b. 18 June 1806, d. 28 Feb. 1807; Electa, b. 1 July 1809,
m. George H. Francis; Harriet A., b.  , m. Lunsford B. Felton of Barre, pub.
15 Ap. 1838; Fiske, b.  , drowned at sea; Maria (or Ann), b.  , m.
 Green of Holliston. Samuel the f. was a shoemaker, and for many
years bell-ringer. He res. in a house (since reraoved) at the north end of the
Comraon, near the spot raarked "P. Haramond," and afterwards at the place,
a quarter of a mile northerly, marked " AVid. Parker" on tbe R. Map. He
d. 4 Aug. 1829, a. 51 ; his wid. Hannah rera. to Milford, where some of her
chil. had previously settled, and d. there 17 June 1869, a. 87.
2. Samuel D., by w. Sarah, had Charles, b. 7 Aug. 1816; James, b. 10 Ap.
1818; Roswell, b. 10 June 1821; Mary PL, b. 19 Oct 1823; Sarah, b. 21 May
1826; Orvilla, b. 25 May 1827. Samuel D. tbe t. was a saddler, and res. at
the north end of tbe Coraraon. He rera. from the town with his family.
3. Thomas, by w. Eliza, had Rosanna, b. 2 May 1868; Thomas, b. 9 Sep.
1870; Mary, b.  , 1874; Alfred, b. 1 July 1878; Joseph, b. 1 Ap. 1881.
4. Henry, by w. Maria, had Leon Henry, b. 17 Mar. 1871; Grace Mabel,
b. 5 Jan. 1874.
John A., of Roxbury, m. Fanny Warner 23 Feb. 1801. Robert, m. Phi
lena Simonds, pub. 13 May 1811. John, d. 28 Oct 1813, a. 89. Jenny, w.
of John, d. 19 Dee 1811, a. 87.
Patrill, James B., m. Lovina Bosworth 30 Oct 1836, and had George
Wilson, b. about 1842; Sophia M., b. about 1844, m. Albert Sturtevant 14
Aug. 1866 ; David H., b. about 1845, drowned 29 May 1848, a. 3;.Ellen, b.
about 1847, ra. Augustus D. Blackmer, pub. 3 May 1867, and d. at AVare 12
Feb. 1878; Hannah Julia, h. 20 Feb. 1849; Jaines Homer, b. 29 May 1851;
Charles Elmer, h. 15 Nov. 1854 ; Josejdi Warren, b. 3 Dec. 1856, ra' Erama
A. Robinson of Barre 22 Aug. 1876. James B. the f., a fanner, res. on the
road to Enfield, on the westerly side of Muddy Brook, at or near the place
marked " Mrs. Graham " on the R. Map.
2. George AVilson, s. of James B. (1), m. Diana Barber of AVare 6 Sep.
1864, and bad Effie G., b. 16 Sep. 1865, d. 17 Dee 1865; and perhaps others.
By second w., Lydia M., he bad Lewis W., b. 24 July 1878.
Joseph, was a soldier in the French War, 1758.
Peacock, John, by w.  , had Sarah, bap. 25 Nov. 1750 ; Rebecca, bap.
10 Dec. 1752. I-Ie had also a son John, b. prob. before 1740. John the f.
was b. in Ireland, res. on the east side of AVare River (now New Braintree),
and was a soldier, 1757, in the French War. His s. Jolm also served in
1756 and 1757; John Peacock, Jr., prob. the same, though described as ot
Greenwich, is named as adjutant in Col. Timothy Ruggles'°reoiment, 1757.

PECK— PEIRCE. 451
Peck, Milton, m. Mary, dau. pf Jedediah Dexter, pub. 13 Oct. 1823, and
had Mary, b. about 1824, m. Ebenezer P. Staples ot Taunton 11 Nov. 1845;
Jane R., b. about 1827, m. Francis Legate 2 June 1847; ,S. E. Willard, b.
about 1832, m. Alraena Austin of Hubbardston 30 Ap. 1862; Sarah B., b.
about 1834, ra. Benjarain O. Gardner 7 Dec. 1853; a son b. — Sep. 1838, d.
16 Oct 1838; Luthera M., b.  1840, d. unm. 27 Dee 1858, a. 18 ; William
C, b. about 1842 ; Susan Ann, b. 3 Nov. 1847, d. 31 July 1848; and prob. at
least one other, — Samuel Dexter. Milton the f . was b. in Hubbardston,
where he res. at the time of his marriage, but rem. to Hk. before Oct. 1838,
and res. near the Barre line, at the place marked " M. Peck" on the R. Map.
He was a blacksmith, and d. 13 Ap. 1865, a. 65. His w. Mary ra.  Clark,
and d. at So. Abington, 4 Feb. 1881, a. 75.
2. Samuel Dexter, prob. s. of MUton (1), by w. Sarah A., had Willie
Dexter, b. 18 Nov. 1861; a son b. 16 Ap. 1866.
3. S. E. AViLLARD, s. of Milton (1), ra. Almena Austin ot Hubbardston 30
Ap. 1862, and had Walter Lewis, b. 14 May 1878, and perhaps others at an
earlier date.
4. AVilliam C, s. of MUton (1), ra. Hannah Atwood 11 Mar. 1862, and
had Nellie Emily, b. 22 Aug. 1866; Mattie L., b. 6 Nov. 1871.
Ann, wid. of Robert M., and dau. of Hon. Joseph AUen of Wore, m. Sam
uel Hinkley 18 Mar. 1817, and d. 29 June 1828, a. 49.
Peirce,'Seth, ra. Huldah Sampson of Middleborough >9 Nov. 1769; she d.
here 15 Mar. 1793, a. 43, and he m. Rebecca, dau. of Col. Timothy Paige, 22
Dec. 1793; she d. 2 Aug. 1795, a. 26, and he m. Abigail Hinkley of Brk. 19
Jan. 1797; she d. 30 Dec. 1797, a. 37, and he m. Mary McFarland of Wore
16 Ap. 1799, who survived hira, and returned to AVorcester. His chil. were
Martha, b.  1770, ra. David Paige 23 Aug. 1792, and d. 31 July 1844;
Polly, b.  1774, m. Ashbel Rice 16 Sep. 1793, and d. 7 June 1802; Seth, b.
 , a merchant in Boston, d. unm.  ; Sampson, b.  1778; Betsey, b. —
Feb. 1782, m.Dr. David BiUings, pub. 6 Ap. 1806, and d. 1 Feb. 1857; a
child b. and d. in 1795; AbigaU, b.  1797, m.  Hotchkiss, went to
England, and d. there. Seth the f. was s. of Ebenezer, and was b. in Middle
borough (now Lakeville) , about 1747. He rera. early to Shutesbury, and thence
to Hk. before 1793. He bought, 24 Mar. 1797, the estate marked "Mr. J.
Mixter " on the R. Map (previously the residence of Maj. Martin Kinsley, and
afterwards of Jason Mixter, Esq.), where he died 25 Feb. 1809. "His death
was occasioned by accidentally sticking a pen-knife into his knee. He was a
private soldier in the corapany of ' minute-men ' at Middleborough, com
manded by Capt. Nathaniel Wood, and promptly responded at the Lexington
alarra ; and he afterwards commanded a company in the patriot array ot the
Revolution, which corapany was raised in the towns of Northfield, Shutesbury,
Leverett, and New Salem. Atthe reorganization of the miUtia in 1781 he
received the commission of captain of the local or standing corapany of intan
try at Shutesbury. He was one ot tbe selectraen of Shutesbury four years,
and representative to the General Court from Hardwick in 1806." Peirce
Family, p. 70. It may be added that he was a selectraan in Hk. three years,
1803-5. Four head-stones, standing side by side in the old cemetery,
mark the place where Capt. Peirce and three of his wives were buried.
2. Sampson, s. of Seth (1), m. Fanny Nichols of N. Br., and had Mary,
b.  , m. David Lee of Barre, and prob. others. Sampson the t. res. at
N. Br. and d. 8 July 1843, a. 65; his w. Fanny m. David Paige, pub. 15 Aug.
1845, and d. 24 Ap. 1866, a. 84.
3. Samuel A., by w. Ruana, had Mary Ann, b. 26 July 1848.
4. Isaac, m. Sarah A.  ; she d. 4 July 1868, a. 28, and he m. Mrs. Mi
randa Whitney 27 Ap. 1862. He had a son b. 24 Oct 1851 ; James Henry,
b. 13 July 1856. „ , ,^.
5. Waldo, m. Abbie A. (or Almira) Bassett 15 Sep. 1861, andh ad Min
nie Gertrude, b. 16 Uav. 1862, d. 31 Jan. 1864:.
Mary, m. Holland Weeks, pub. 2 Feb. 1772. James, m. Susanna Mer
rick 20 Nov. 1785. Submit, m. Calvin Griffin, pub. 20 Oct 1793. Fanny,

452 PEIRCE — PERRY.
m. Israel Thomas of Gr., pub. 30 Nov. 1797. Eliza, m. WilUam Pepper of
N. Br. 27 Feb. 1825. Chester, m. AbigaU P. Marsh of Ware, pub. 17 Feb.
1831. Seth, m. Fidelia Bassett 21 Sep. 1831. Granger, m. Mercy Stock-
weU of Presc, pub. 28 Jan. 1832. Tirzah, L., m. Stephen E. Newton 27
Dec. 1849. Rufus J. of N. Br. m. Sarah E. Nye 16 Ap. 1860. Ellen A.,
ra. George D. CarapbeU of Ware 19 Nov. 1862.
Penniman, Elias, s. of Lieut Sarauel of MUford, was born 1 Dec. 1748,
and m. Ann, dau. of Capt. Ebenezer Jenks of Providence, 8 Dec. 1773. Their
chU. were Chiron, b. 8 Jan. 1775; Obadiah, b. 1 Nov. 1776, d. in Troy, N. Y.,
14 Sep. 1820; William Comstock, b. 12 July 1778, d. in Spencertown, N. Y.,
 ; Silvanus Jenks, b. 10 Feb. 1781, d. in Albany, N. Y., 7 Feb. 1852 ; John
Ritto, b. 30 Jan. 1783, a portrait painter, d. in New York  ; Huldah, b. 20
Ap. 1785, d. 23 Aug. 1786; Elias, b. 29 May 1787, d. here 3 Sep. 1811 (the
foregoing were all born in Milford) ; iVa»c^, b.in Providence 16 Feb. 1789;
Sally, b. in Upton 3 Sep. 179-2, m. Franklin Ruggles 21 or 22 Nov. 1812, and
d. 3 Ap. 1864; Arthur Fenner, h. in Hk. 25 Oct (obliterated), d. 23 Sep. 1795;
Mary, b. in Pittsfield, Mar. — (obliterated), m. Jesse Bliss, Esq., of AA'. Brk.,
21 Sep. 1818, and d. 28 Jan. 1837. Elias the f. was a physician, res. in Mil
ford until about 1788, and after a short residence in Providence and Upton,
rem. to Hk. about 1793. He res. first near the Old Furnace, atthe place
raarked " E. Trow " on the R. Map, and afterwards on the southerly side of
the turnpike, where it crosses Muddy Brook, at the place raarked " C.
Spooner." During raany of his later years he was insane, in consequence, it
is said, of a severe blow on his head, received in falling down a stairway.
He was perfectly harmless ; yet I remember that the children were shy of his
cane with its formidable rain's-horn head. He d. 9 Feb. 1830, a. 81; his w.
Ann survived hiin only three days, and d. 12 Feb. 1830, a. 76.
2. Chiron, s. of Elias (1), ra. Olive, dau. ot Samuel AVhipple, 17 Jan. 1797,
at which time he res. in St. Johnsbury, Vt. ; he d. before 22 Oct. 1815, at
which tirae his wid. Olive presented for baptism, in Hk., her children, John
Ritto, Elias, and Anson Whipple.
Laura, an adult, bap. 25 June 1820, may possibly have been a dau. of
Chiron and Olive. Mary, ra. John Dean, pub. 16 Sep. 1822. Sarah F., m.
Zenas H. Dexter 19 May 1831.
Pepper, Joseph, was an early inhabitant, and prob. res. on the east side ot
the river, in what is now New Braintree, where the name long continued. He
had Sarah, bap. 1 May 1748 ; Josepll, bap. 24 June 1753.
2. Elbridge, by w. Hannah A., had Etta M., b. 22 June 1861. Elbridge
the f. d. 23 Nov. 1863, a. 39. j
3. Edward AV., by w. Mary, had a son b. 26 Dee 1865. '
4. Ashbel, by w. Martha M., had Frances Maria, b. 6 May 1867 ; Lucy Jane,
b. 7 Dee 1868.
Sarah, of Warren, m. Brigham Aiken 16 Ap. 1846, and d. s. p. 11 Nov.
1859, a. 47.
Perkins, James, m. Rhoda, dau. of George Paige, 7 Ap. 1791 ; she d. 8 Sep.
1835, a. 75, and he m. Hannah, dau. of Timothy Fay 23 Mar. 1837. He was
a farmer, and res. about two iniles north ot the Common, at the place raarked
"J. Perkins " on the R. Map, where he d. s. p. 22 July 1845, a. 80. His w.
Hannah d. 24 Mar. 1855, a. 63.
David and family, and Nathan and family, carae here from Bridgewater,
in 1770. Joseph, d. 26 Jan. 1791, a. 20. Ambrose, d. 29 Ap. 1816, a. 69.
Josiah, d. unra. 23 Aug. 1848, a. 81. These three were prob. brothers of
Jaraes (1). Elizabeth, of Brk., m. Thomas Stevens, pub. 15 Jan. 1748-9.
Elizabeth, of N. Br., m. Reuben Fay 11 June 1767. Deborah, ra. Sarauel
Lynde 19 Mar. 1772. John, ra. Sarah White 23 July 1777. AVilliam, Jr.,
m. Anna Hilliard, 23 Mar. 1780. Abner, m. PoUy Shavs 21 Jan. 1783.
Jesse, ra. Mary Rice 25 Ap. 1819.
Perry, Ezra, of Sandwich, m. Elizabeth, dau. of Thomas Buroe, 12 Feb.
1652. In his wiU, dated 16 Oct 1689, and proved 18 Ap. 1690, he names wife
Ehzabeth, and chih Ezra (b. 11 Feb. 1653); Deborah (b. 25 Nov. 1654), wife

PERRY — PHINNEY. 453
of Seth Pope; John (b. 1 Jan. 1657); Samuel (b. 15 Mar. 1667); Benjamin
(b. 15 Jan. 1670); Remember (a dau., b. 1 Jan. 1676 or 1677) ; Sarah, wife of
Ephraim Sraith.
2. Ezra, of Sandwich, s. of Ezra (1), in his wiU, dated 21 Oct. 1728, and
proved 10 Feb. 1729-30, names wife Rebecca, chil. Ebenezer; Ezra; Samuel ;
Mary; Hannah; Rebecca, viik of Jonathan AVashburn; Patience; Freelove;
and grandchil. Samuel and Edward Maxoni. He devised land in Rochester to
his son Ebenezer.
3. Ebenezkr, s. of Ezra (2), ra. Judah Savory in Rochester, where he had
Ebenezer and Mary, twins, b. 21 J\Iay 1718 ; Susanna, b. 6 July 1722; Samuel,
b. 16 Sep. 1724.
4. Ebenezer, s. of Ebenezer (3), m. AbigaU Hammond at Rochester 11
Jan. 1749-50, and had Nathan, b. at Roch. 20 Sep. 1751. By a former wife
he had Mary, b.  1743, m. Capt Daniel Egery of Dartmouth, and d. here
16 Sep. 1795. a. 52; and also a son who res. at Barre, and was grandfather ot
the late Dr. Marshall S. Perry. Ebenezer the f. rera. to Hk. about 1778,
and prob. res. at or near the place which was afterwards the homestead of his
grandson, Ebenezer Perry, Esq. He is said to have ra. a third wife, who sur
vived him, and prob. res. with his son Nathan, whose chil. she instructed in
their youth ; she is supposed to have been the Mrs. Elizabeth Perry who d. 8
Feb. 1792, a. 79.
5. N.\than, s. of Ebenezer (4), rem. to Hk. with his father about 1778; his
chU. were Nathaniel, b. about 1778, d. in Hk. 26 Nov. 1820, a. 42; Stephen, b.
about 1780, rem. early from the town; Ebenezer, b. 10 Dec. 1782; Nathan, b.
27 Feb. 1784; and prob. Abigail, b.  , and d. 2 Sep. 1798, a. 12 years and
6 months. Nathan the f. d. 14 June 1815, a. 63.
6. Ebenezer, s. of Nathan (5), m. Mercy Atwood of Brewster, pub. 3 May
1807, and had Benjamin Freeman, b. 4 Sep. 1808, d. at San Francisco, Cal, 28
Nov. 1872; AbigaU, h. 22 or 24 Aug. 1810, d. unm. 1 June 1832 ; .Jerusha, b.
23 Aug. 1812, ra. Charles Vokes 10 or 29 Oct. 1844, and d. 30 May 1877;
Ansontuce, b. 1 May 1817, d. at Meriden, Conn., 19 Mar. 1853; Mary, b. 8
Nov. 1819, ra. Aaron Lawrence 28 Dec. 1843; Adeliza T, b. 27 Jan. 1822, a
teacher, res. unm. in Worcester. Ebenezer the f. was a carpenter and school
teacher; he possessed a strong and cultivated mind, great energy of purpose,
and unswervino integrity. He was selectman four years and assessor eleven
years. He res.'on the Barre road, at the place marked " E. Perry " on the R.
Map, where he d. 27 June 1845, a. 63"; his w. Mercy d. 4 Sep. 1865, a. 81.
7. Nathan, s. of Nathan (5), m. Sarah Hudson of Ware, pub. 22 Nov.
1807, and had William Hudson, b. 4 Nov. 1808, d. at Bangor, Me., 4 May 1877;
Arthur Clark, b. 5 Feb. 1811; Stephen, b. 2 Dec. 1812; Nathan, h. 20 July
1816 ; Charles, b. 10 Feb. 1818. Nathan the f. rem. to Bangor, Me., and d.
21 Sep. 1865.
8. Thomas, a cordwainer, by wife Martha, had Mary, bap. 23 July 1738.
He rem. to Rehoboth before 29 Sep. 1 740.
9. Cyrus, m. Nancy Goodspeed 2 Aug. 1796, and had Abigail, h.  1798,
d. 7 Jan. 1802, a. 3 years and 2 months.
10. William A., m. Lucy A., dau. of James Browning, 13 Nov. 1850, and
had William Elmer, b. 26 Oct. 1851; Charles A.,h. 22 Oct. 1855; Harriet Eliza
beth, b. 26 Dec. 1860; Marion, b. 7 Mar. 1866. William A. the f. res. on the
Pet. road, a tew rods north trom the Common.
Joseph, d. 24 Sep. 1796, a. nearlv 72. Hannah, of Barre, m. John Jenney,
Jr., 10 Ap. 1788. Nathaniel, of Pittsford, Vt, ra. Nabby Hararaond 17 Oct
1793. Dr. Freeman, of Taunton, ra. Nancy Ruggles, pub. 6 May 1795.
Phelps, Andrew, by w. Sarah, had William Henry, b. 28 Feb. 1844.
E. Augusta, of Ware, m. Albert E. Knight, pub. 10 Ap. 1841. Ansel Jr.,
of Ware, ra. Lydia Paige 30 Sep. 1841. Polly, m. Joseph AVright 4 Nov.
1852. William H., of Putnam, Conn., m. Lura M. TourteUotte 24 Dec.
1 87S Phinney, John, s. of John of Scituate, resided successively at Plymouth,
Barnstable, and Bristol, R. I. He had three wives and eight children, the
eldest ot whom was John, b. at Plymouth 24 Dec. 1638.

454 PHINNEY — POPE.
2. John, s. ot John (1), res. in Barnstable; he m. Mary Rogers 10 Aug.
1664, and had thirteen children, of whom the fourth was Thomas, b. —Jan.
3. Thomas, s. of John (2), res. in Barns., ra. widow Sarah Butler 25 Aug.
1698, and had Gershom, b. 26 Mar. 1700; Thomas, b. 17 Feb. 1702-3;
AbigaU, b.  1704 ; James, b. 15 Ap. 1706; Mary, b.  170S.1
4. Gershom, s. of Thoraas (3), m. Rebecca, dau. of Stephen Gnffith, 29
July 1725, and had Gershom, b. 7 May 1726; Lazarus, b. 7 Mar. 1728-9;
Sarah, b. 28 Feb. 1730-1; Isaac, b. 10 May 1733; Rebecca, b. 17 Ap. 1736;
Temperance, b. 9 July 1738; Mehitable, b. 30 Oct 1740 ; James, b. 1 Ap.
1742; Seth, bap. 14 July 1746; Rhoda, bap. 27 Mar. 1748. Gershom the
f. res. in that part of Harwich which is now Brewster ; in his will, dated 4 Dec.
1761, and proved 7 Sep. 1762, his w. Rebecca and his ten children are named
as then Uving.
5. Gershom, s. of Gershom (4), ra. Thankful  , and had Lucy, bap.
23 June 1751; Zenas, bap. 29 Oct 1752, and born 24 Sep. 1752, accord
ing to his own family record. Gershom the f. res. in Harwich (Brewster),
but the date of his death is not ascertained.
6. Isaac, prob. s. of Gershom (4), early rem. to Hardwick, where he had
Heman, b. 2 Aug. 1754; David,h. 28 Mar. 1766 ; Mary, b. 18 Nov. 1758;
Sarah, b. 8 Aug. 1760; Temperance, b. 31 Mar. 1762 (bap. 8 May 1763);
Isaac,b. 1 May 1764 (bap. 2 June 1765); Nathan, b. 14 Aug. 1766 (bap.
20 Sep. 1767). The dates of baptisra indicate an error of one year in the
dates of birth of the three younger children. Isaac the f. was here as
late as 9 Oct. 1770, when he bought land of Thoraas Freeman ; he prob. rem.
soon afterwards.
7. Zenas, b. of Gershora (5), m. Sarah, dau. of Lerauel Berry, and had,
at Harwich (now Brewster), Thankful, b. 19 June 1781, m. Ephraira Haskell,
Jr., 24 Oct 1805, and d. 15 Nov. 1841; Lydia, b. 12 Feb. 1783, m. Gardner
Ruggles 2 Dec. 1804, and d. 23 Sep. 1833; Patty, b. 12 Nov. 1784, m. David
Aiken 24 Ap. 1805, and d. 16 or 17 Ap. 1877; Sally, b. 6 May 1787, d. 13
June 1787; Lucy, b. 12 Aug. 1788, ra. Luke Bartlett 7 Dec. 1817 ; Zenas, b.
28 Jan. 1792, d. 17 Feb. 1792 ; Sally, b. 20 Jan. 1793, d. 7 Feb. 1793 ; Zenas,
b. 10 Jan. 1794, rem. to Rhode Island. Zenas the t. in early life was a ship
master, and was taken prisoner by the British during the Revolution. He
rera. to Hk. in Ap. 1797, and devoted himself to farming during the remainder
of his patriarchal life, retaining reraarkable activity both of body and of mind
until extrerae old age, and his perfectly erect form to the very last. He res. on
the road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " Z. Phinney," where he d. 4
Mar. 1848, a. 95 years and 5 months ; his w. Sarah d. 20 Dee 1832, a. 76.
Paldiah and family came here from Bridgewater in 1770.
Pike, Elisha, m. Anna Kerley 29 Nov. 1744, and had Samuel, b. 3 July
1745, prob. ra. Nabby Snow of Sutton, 17 Dec. 1778; Elisha, b. 18 Ap. 1747.
Elisha the f. was a farraer, res. in the northwesterly part of the town, and
d. 29 Dec. 1749; his administrator sold the farra to Nathan Sprout 6 Dec. 1756.
2. Timothy, by w. Hannah, had Sarah, b. 29 Mar. 1756 ; Simeon, b. 7
Nov. 1759.
Jabez, ra. Rebecca Elwell 7 Mar. 1791. Abigail, m. Daniel Tenney of
Ware 16 Oct 1803. Polly, m. Chandler Woods 19 Feb. 1806. Samuel, m.
Jane Small of Truro, pub. 8 Oct 1810. Samuel, ot Tolland, Conn., m. Hope
C. Leonard, 3 Nov. 1831. Bodicea, m. Ansel W. Thayer 12 Dec. 1854.
Mary A., of Pet, m. SewaU B. Nye, pub. 6 Ap. 1856.
Pope, Rufus S., was pastor of the Universalist Society from AprU 1840
to AprU 1843. He was b. in Stoughton 2 Ap. 1809, m. Sarah B. Park-
burst at Milford 8 Nov. 1835, and had George Henry, b. in Sterling 31 Jan.
1837, d. 12 Oct. 1837; EUen Augusta, b. in Sterling 14 Oct. 1888°; Charles
Greenwood, b. in Hardwick 18 Nov. 1840, grad. Tufts Coll. 1861, a success
ful lawyer in Cambridge, but res. in Soinerville, of which city he has been a
^ Thus far the facts concerning the Phinney family are gleaned from Freeman's
History of Cape Cod.

POPE — POWERS. 455
representative in the General Court and President of the Common Council;
he ra. Josephine H. Cole ot Soraerville; also, in Hyannis, Milton Granville]
b. 15 July 1845, d. unm. at Campton, N. H., 22 Aug. 1868; Rufus Spur, b. 23
Sep. 1847, d. unm. 12 Feb. 1868 ; Elwyn Herbert, b. 13 Oct. 1849, ra. Ada M.
Adsit, and res. in Traverse City, Mich. ; Sarah Hale, b. 1 Nov. 1851, m.
Francis A. Gorham 27 June 1876. Rurus S. the f. rem. to Hyannis where
he d. 6 June 1882.
Powers, Jkremi.\h, one of the pioneers, by w. Hannah, had prob. Jere
miah, b. about 1732 ; Eunice, b. 14 Feb. 1734-5; Isaac, b. 21 Feb. 1736-7
m. AbigaU Clark of Briinf., 21 July 1765; Aaron, b. — June 1739, m. Han
nah Goodnow 10 Mar. 1768 ; Esther, b. 29 May 1741; Elizabeth, bap. 5 June
1743. '
2. Phineas, another pioneer, came here from WUlington, Conn., in 1 734, and,
by w. Martha, had Phineas, b. about 1729 ; Martha, b. about 1731, m. Joseph
Safford 26 Oct. 1753, and d. at AA'oodstock, Vt, 31 Mar. 1804, a. 73 ; WUliam,
b. 15 July 1734; Stephen, b. 15 Mar. 1735-6; Abraham, b. 4 May 1738, ra.
Rachel Carpenter ot Coventry, Conn., pub. 1 Dee 1759, and was a soldier in
the French War; Mary, h. 24 Mar. 1740; Sarah, b. 9 Aug. 1744, ra. Moses
Whitcorab 4 Nov. 1762; Thomas, h. 18 Mar. 1746-7; perhaps the sarae who
was a, prorainent inhabitant of Greenwich, famiUarly known as Colonel
Powers; Mercy, b. 17 .-^ug. 1749, ra. AVilliam Fuller of N. Br. 3 Dec. 1767.
3. Joseph, of Quobbin (whether brother to either or both of the foregoing
I know not), m. Abigial, prob. dau. of Caleb Benjamin, 25 Dec. 1751, and had
Susanna and AbigaU, both bap. here 12 Sep. 1756; Asenath, bap. 24 Sep.
1758; Mary, b. 5 Oct 1760 ; Joseph, bap. 26 June 1763.
4. Jere.miah, prob. s. of Jereraiah (1), by w. Elizabeth, had Dolly, bap.
15 Aug. 1756; Elizabeth, bap. 3 Sep. 1758. Jeremiah the f. prob rem. to
Green wich.
5. Aaron, s. ot Jereraiah (1), by w. Hannah had Stephen, b. 16 Sep. 1768.
6. Phineas, s. of Phineas (2), ra. Elizabeth Allen of Ware, 15 Dec. 1751,
and had Amisa (Amasa?) ; Mary; Lydia, m. Samuel Pratt 31 Jan. 1774;
Eunice, m. Ephraira Pratt, pub. 17 June 1782; these four chil. were bap. here
7 Sep. 1760. Phineas the f. served in the French War, and perhaps rem. to
Woodstock, Vt.
7. AVilliam, s. ot Phineas (2), m. Elizabeth Whitcorab at Rochester 16
Nov. 1758, and had William; Joanna; Sarah ; all bap. here 24 Nov. 1771. Jo
anna prob. m. Silas Marsh of AVestern (Warren) 4 Aug. 1787, and Sarah
prob. ra. Zebadiah Johnson, Jr., 9 Feb. 1791. William the f. served in the
French AVar.
8. Stephen, s. of Phineas (2), m. Lydia Drew of Halifax, Mass., and had
(perhaps not precisely in this order) Lydia, b.  , m. Robert Paddock ot
Barre, Vt, and d. in 1816, a. 43; Mary, h.  , ra. Jason Richardson of
Woodstock, Vt; Susanna, b.  , d. unra. 2 Dec. 1777, a. 17; Stephen, b.
 , m. Sally Perry, was father of the faraous sculptor, Hiram Powers, rem.
to Cincinnati in 1818, and d. there; Jolm Drew, b. 16 Nov. 1769, by two
wives had six sons and two daughters ; he was the successor ot his father as
a physician in Woodstock, Vt., where he d. 26 Mar. 1855, and was succeeded,
in the same profession, by his fourth son. Dr. Thoraas Eleazar Powers.
Stephen the f. studied medicine in Hardwick, coramenced practice in Mid
dleborough, Mass., where all his chil. are supposed to have been born, and
thence rem. to Woodstock, Vt, in 1774, where he was the first resident phy
sician. He d. 27 Nov. 1809 ; his w. Lydia d. 29 Aug. 1823, a. 88. i
9. Lysander, m. Hannah, dau. of Ichabod Dexter, pub. 21 IMay 1842, and
had Joel Lysander, b. 12 Nov. 1843, m. Jennie E. Knight 1 Jan. 1866, and has
been assessor for the last eight years; Frank, b. 19 Sep. 1846, m. Anna K.
Garney of Marblehead 6 Nov. 1872 (she d. 11 Sep. 1873, a. 30); Elmer D.,
b. 12 Dec. 1863, m. Anna W. Conant of Barre 29 June 1876. Lysander the
f., a farraer, res. on the Dexter farm.
10. Joseph W., m. Harriet, dau. of Apollos Fay, 23 May 1844, and had
1 MS. Letter from Hon. Robert S. Hale.

456 POWERS — PRATT.
Sarah Harriet, b. 7 Oct 1851; Joseph Fay, b. 6 Aug. 1854, d. 15 Sep. 1866;
Ella Hudson, b. 24 Mar. 1858. Joseph AV. the f. res. on the turnpike several
years, at the place marked " A. Fay " on the R. Map, and afterwards rem. to
Worcester. Sarah, m. Nathan Carpenter 8 June 1738. Andrew, m. I^ois Emmons
27 Oct 1740. Hannah, of Littleton, ra. Thoraas Farr, pub. 5 Aug. 1758.
Anna, of Gr., ra. Philip Holraes, pub. 22 Nov. 1772. Exe (Achsah ?), of
Gr., m. John Thayer, pub. 5 Nov. 1780. Olive, ra. Ephraim Ruggles 20 Mar.
1783. Ann, of Brimf., m. John Davenport Cox, pub. 17 July 1786. Jere
miah 3d, of Gr., m. Lydia HaskeU, pub. 24 Dec. 1788. Eunice, of Gr. (dau.
of Col. Thomas), ra. AVilliara Walker, pub. 5 Sep. 1804. Chester, of AVar
ren, ra. Eunice Haskell 16 Oct. 1805, and (2d) Joanna Haskell 1 Sep. 1830.
Betsey, m. Charles Spooner of Pet. 4 June 1818. Mrs. Lucy, of Gr., m.
Scotto Berry, pub. 22 May 1826, and d. 21 Nov. 1872, a. 90. lacking 21 days.
Louisa, ra. Edward Dexter 6 June 1842. Hiram, m. Urania White of
Barre, pub. 4 Nov. 1843. Angela, m. Windsor Gleason of Pet., pub. 4 July
1850. Arathusa C, m. Austin Gould 16 Oct. 1861. Julia A., ra. Alfred
Robinson of Fitchburg, pub. 27 July 1852. Jonathan, d. 4 Mar. 1839, a. 73.
Mary, wife of David, d. 29 June 1841, a. 53. David, born at Pet. d. 17
Dec. 1866, a. 83.
Pratt, Thomas, res. successively in Watertown, Sudbury, and Fraraing
ham, and had "these eleven children: Thomas, b. about 1666; John; Eben
ezer; Joseph; Philip; David; Jabez; Nathaniel; Abial (female); Ephraim;
and Jonathan ; in 1682 he had land set to him at Sherborn, and d. about 1692 ; .
at least, administration that year was given to widow Susaina and son John.
All these ten sons raarried and had families." Savage's Gen. Diet.
2. John, p. of Thoraas (1), by w. Ruth, had John, b. 27 Nov. 1691 ; Susanna,
b. 12 Mar. 1693, prob. ra. Obadiah Allen 17 May 1720 ; Isaac, b. 6 Auo. 1696;
Amos, h. 26 May 1699; Ruth, b. 6 Feb. 1701; Eleazar, b. 10 Jan. 1702-3;
Hezekiah. b. 27 Nov. 1705. John the f. seems to have res. in Sherborn, and
afterwards in Mtirlborough, prob. that part which is now AA'estborough. See
Barry's Hist, of Framingham.
3. John, s. of John (2), ra. Bathsheba, dau. of John Fay, 4 Jan. 171.5-6,
and bad, in AA^estborough, Phinehas, b- 8 Feb. 1716-7, d.  1717; Ezekiel,
b. 4 Feb. 1718-9; Silas, b. 27 Feb. 1721; Isaiah, b. 14 Feb. 1723 ; Betty, b.
8 May 1726, m. Elisha Field of Sunderiand 11 Jan. 1765 ; Timothy, b. 23 May
1731, ra. Ruth Abbott, 14 Oct 1756, and rem. to Bennington; Samuel, b. 18
Mar. 1733, ra. Lydia Powers 31 Jan. 1774; Ebenezer, b. 18 Ap. 1744. John
the f. rera. to Hk. before 13 Oct. 1745, when he and his w. becarae merabers
of the church. He subsequently reraoved to Bennington, where he d. 16 May
1768, a. 76. His bead-stone reraains in the beautiful cemetery at Benninoton
Centre, on which is inscribed this couplet : °
" Bv faith in God, the sage stretches his wings,
AVe feel the rod, while he in glorj' sings."
4. Isaac, s. of John (2), ra. Eunice, dau. of John Fay, 17 Ap. 1721 and
had, in AVestborough, Mary, b. 24 Aug. 1721; Moses, b. 7 Oct. 1723 re's in
Hk., ra. Lucy AVhipple of Westb. 16 Nov. 1747, and d. in Dec. 1748; Isaac,
b. 14 Feb. 1726, res. in Hk., and was pub. to Elizabeth Rose '24 Jan. 1756*
but the banns were forbidden, and she was pub. to Larkin Green three weeks
afterwards. It does not appear that he raade another attempt to raarry, thouoh
he survived this disappointraent more than half a century. He d 'here 27
Nov. 1808, a. nearly 83. j . c ^
5. Eleazar, s. of John (2), m. Ruhamah Tomlin of AVestborouoh 15
Jan 1729, res. m Shrewsbury, and had Hannah, b. - May 1730; Ruhamah,
b 16 Ap. 1732; Mary^ b. 11 Dec 1734; Sarah, b. 11 Oct 1736, m. Jacob
Knowlton of Hk. 21 Nov. 1759; Rufus, b. 2 Oct 1738, ra. Hannah Ballot
Westborough 11 May 1763, and settled in Hk.; Reuben, b. 7 Sen 1741-
Eleazar, b. 20 Oci. 17 i3. ^' '
6. Ezekiel, =. of John (3), by w. Mary, had John, bap. 6 Nov. 1743, d.

PRATT — RAMSDELL. 457
young; Sarah, h. 30 Mar. 1746, m. David Glazier 6 Feb. 1766; John, b. 25
Sep. 1748, in. Elizabeth, dau. of Nathaniel Merrick, 19 Jan. 1775; Stephen, b.
11 Sep. 1751 ; Mary, b. 24 Ap. 1754, in. Henry Lee of Rut. District (Barre),
pub. 4 Mar. 17 70. Ezekiel the f. was an ensign in Capt Samuel Robinson's
company during the campaign of 1756 in the French AVar. He prob. d. be
fore 1760, when " Widow Mary Pratt" is mentioned.
7. Silas, ?. of John (3), m. EUzabeth Chamberlin of Grafton, pub. 21 Feb.
1746-7,and had Elizabeth, h. 2 Ap. 1748; Esther, b. 24 Jan. 1749-50; Eben
ezer, b. 1 Nov. 1751 ; Mose.s, b. 21 Sep. 1754 ; Joshua, b. 4 Jan. 1758. AU born
here. Sil.a.s the f. rem. to Bennington about 1761.
8. Isaiah, s. of John (3), m. Zervi.ab, wid. of Samuel Marsh and dau. ot
William Thomas (rauch older than hiraself and already the mother of nine
children), 2 Mar. 1746-7, and had Bathsheba, b. 30 Jan. 1747-8; Temperance,
b. 7 Aug. 1750, d. unm. 17 Dec. 1814, having been idiotic and a town pauper
from her early childhood. Isaiah the f. was a soldier in Capt. Samuel Rob
inson's company, 1756, and died during that campaign, prob. on the 20th of
October, as his pay-roll was made up to that day. His w. Zerviah d. 18 Ap.
1798, a. 89, having been a pauper more than thirty years.
9. Stephen, s. of Ezekiel (6), ra. Hannah, dau. of Elisha BUlings, 3 Feb.
1780. He rera. to Bennington, Vt, where he d. 20 Dec. 1835. His w. Han
nah d. 16 Feb. 1839.
David, ra. Hannah Hammond of Pet., 12 Oct 1780. Ephraim, ra. Eunice
Powers of Gr., pub. 17 June 1782. Charles L., ra. Susanna Nichols, pub. 9
Sep. 1816; she d. 1 Mar. 1823, a. 26.
Presho, Sampson, died here 24 Feb. 1819, a. 56 (his w. Abi m. 
Hooper, and d. 25 Oct. 1835, a. 69). No record is found of his marriage, or of
the birth of his chUdren ; but he is supposed to have been the father of Samp
son, b.  , ra. Susanna Grant, pub. 4 Nov. 1808; Laban, b. about 1786; Abi,
h.  , ra. Joseph Barnard 17 Oct. 1819; Mary, b. about 1797, ra. AVUliam
P. Jordan 25 Mar. 1818, and d. 25 May 1834, a. 37; Vincent, b.  1800, d.
5 Oct 1818, a. 18. Sampson the f. is understood to have been a Hessian, cap
tured with Burgoyne's army in 1777 ; but if this be true, and tbe record of his
age at the tirae of his death be correct, he can scarcely be regarded as a soldier
at the tirae ot the capture, being then only fourteen years old. He was eraployed
many years as " top-man " at the Old Furnace, his duty being to cast into the
huge chimney, at stated intervals, a due supply of iron-ore, oyster-shells, char
coal, and perhaps other raaterials.
2. Laban, prob. s. of Sarapson (1), ra. Rachel Davis 18 Aug. 1816, and had
an infant, b.  , d. 5 Feb. 1817 ; Laban, b. about 1824 ; Jolm V., b. about
1826. Laban the f. d. 26 Ap. 1869, a. 83 ; his w. Rachel d. 14 Jan. 1880, a.
87. 3. Laban, s. ot Laban (2), m. Harriet N. Vokes 1 7 Mar. 1853, and had Mel
ville Laban, b. 18 Nov. 1856; Mary Abbie, b. 16 Mar. 1868.
4. John V., s. of Laban (2), m.' Clara B. Stone 3 Ap. 1850 ; she d. 1 July
1855, a. 26, and he ra. EUza A. Town of Gr., pub. 13 Jan. 1857. His chU.
were Clara Maria, b. 8 May 1853, ra. John A. Bates 7 Mar. 1873; Clara
Elizabeth, b. 1 July 1855, ra. Warren F. Rogers 7 May 1876.
Prouty, AValter B., by w. Susan, had Willie Freelove, b. 23 Aug. 1861,
d. 16 Sep. 1862.
Daniel, d. 27 June 1834, a. 35. William E., of N. Brk., m. Adeline S.
Brownino 17 Oct. 1855. Cleora D., m. Joseph N. HamUton 16 June 1866.
Maria, m. AVilliara H. Taft of Starksboro', Vt., 22 Aug. 1866.
Purington, Sylvanus, ra. Nancy Sellon, pub. 3 July 1780. Molly, ra.
Williara Nve 26 Dec. 1782.
Putnam', Benajah, m. Elizabeth Livermore 19 Nov. 1772. Sally, m.
James Cannon, pub. 28 Oct 1793. Stephen, of Townsend, m. Deborah Egery
11 Jan. 1801. Rev. Simeon, m. Julia Ann Bacon of Barre, pub. 22 June
1844. Ramsdell, Sylvanus, m. Esther Gibbs of Gr., pub. 10 Jan. 1791, and
had Esther, b.  1792, d. 6 Nov. 1802, a. 10; Ira, b.  1794, ra. Clarissa

458 RAMSDELL — RAWSON.
Robinson 11 May 1823, and d. 26 Ap. 1862, a. 67 years and 6 months; Homer,
twin, b.  1795, d. 6 Nov. 1802, a. 7; Anson, twin, b.  179o, ni. Rox
ana Gardner 20 Ap. 1820, and d. 28 Mar. 1875, a. 79 years and 4 months; his
w. Roxana d. 13 Aug. 1872, a. 72; a child b.  1799, d. 2 Nov. 1802 a. 3;
Orin, b.  1800. Sylvanus the f. d. 23 Dec. 1851, a. 87; his w. Esther
d. 12 Nov. 1829, a. 67. , , ^ tt
2. Orin, s. of Sylvanus (1), m. Sarah Terry 8 June 1?23, and had Horace
S., h.  ; John M., h.  ; Otis A., b.  ; i^arah E., b. about 1836, m.
Georoe H. Strickland of AVare 13 May (or June) 1858; Onn, b. about 1838,
d. 9 Ap. 1840, a. 2; Elizabeth, b. about 1842, m. Darius S. Gray of Gr., 7 Ap.
1864 ; Ruth Louisa, b. 16 June 1845. Orin the f., a farraer, d. 5 Mar. 1879,
a. 78.
3. Horace S., s. of Orin (2), ra. Elizabeth H. KUraer, pub. 10 May 1852, and
had John S. S., b. 2 Ap. 1853; George W. M.. b. 4 Nov. 1855; Claudius Les
lie, b. 13 Jan. 1869, d. 21 Jan. 1869; Sarah Elizabeth, b.  1872, d. 19 Ap.
1872, a. 1 raonth and 19 days.
4. John M., s. of Orin (2), m. Louisa A. Richardson, pub. 25 May 1858, and
had a son b. 26 Dee 1859; Edith Adista, b. 29 June 1861 ; Henry Leroy, b.
11 .Jan. 1863.
Joseph, had dau. Abigail, who m.  Bugbee, and d. at Bel. 2 Feb. 1861,
a. 70. Elizabeth, of Gr., ra. Silas Dean 30 Nov. 1768. Catherine, m.
Isaac Curamings, Jr., 11 May 1774. Sarah, m. John Terry, Jr., 26 Sep.
1782. Alanson, m. Sarah J. Wyraan 4 June 1874.
Rand, Jacob D., s. of Thomas, b. in Charlestown, 30 Mar. 1778, was a cab
inet-raaker, carae early to Hk., and was published 12 Dec. 1801, to Esther, dau.
of Dr. Lucius Doolittle. Her parents prevented the marriage, and he enlisted
in the U. S. Array. After the surrender at Detroit by General Hull, in Aug.
1812, he returned to Hk. and consuramated the long-delayed raarriage, 21
Oct. 1813. His w. Esther d. 2 Sep. 1815, a. 30, and he m. Mrs. Selinda Fales
27 Jan. 1818. He had one child, William DorriU, b. 14 June 1820. Jacob
D. the f. res. between the Pet. road and the turnpike, at the place marked " J.
Rand " on the R. Map, and closed his checkered earthly life 8 Oct. 1840, a. 63.
Randall, Josiah, d. 6 Mar. 1809, a. 67. Holland, of Barre, ra. Lydia
Whipple, pub. 7 Ap. 1817. Sophronia, ra. Zephaniah Spooner of Springf.
8 Ap. 1841. Eunice, ra. Neheraiah H. Johnson of Illinois 21 Sep. 1841.
Ruth, ra. Anson F. Allen 14 June 1846, and d. 28 Aug. 1848, a. 27.
Ranney, La Fayette, by wife Adeline E., had Julia Eliza, b. 24 Aug.
1847, d. 15 .Jan. 1850 ; Ambrose L., b. 11 June 1849. La Fayette the f. was
a physician, and res. near the Comraon. He remained not raany years, and
removed to New York.
Ransom, Elizabeth, of Pelham, m. PhiUp Fraker, pub. 2 June 1776.
Richard, of Woodstock, Vt, m. Rosamond, widow of Ezra Winslow, pub. 26
Nov. 1801. Dr. David, of CarlviUe, N. Y., m. Harriet M. Towne 19 May
1840. Rawson, Edward, b. 16 Ap. 1615 at Gillinghara, Dorsetshire, England, is
understood to have come to New England in 1637; he settled in Newbury, and
was representative of that town seven years. He rem. to Boston in 1650, hav
ing been that year elected secretary ot the colony, which oflice be held until
the old charter government was overturned in 1686. He m. in Enoland
" Rachel, dau. of Thomas Pirne or Perne," and had twelve chU., of whora the
youngest was Grindall, b. 23 Jan. 1669. Edward the t. d. 27 Aug. 1693; his
w. Rachel d. 11 Oct 1677. See Savage's Gen. Diet, and Rawson°Family.
2. Grindall, s. of Edward (1), grad. H. C. 1678, ra. Susanna, dau. ot'Rev.
John AVUson ot Medfield, and grand-daughter of Rev. John AVilson tbe first
rainister ot Boston, and had eleven chUdren, of whora the fifth was Wilson, b.
23 June 1692. Grindall the f. was the second minister of Mendon (ordained
7 Ap. 1684), and d. 6 Feb. 1715; his w. Susanna d. 8 July 1748, a. 83. Sav
age's Gen. Did.
3. Wilson, s. of GrindaU (2), ra. Margaret Arthur, and had Wilson, b.
13 Aug. 1713; Priscilla,b. 17 Dec. 1715; Mary, b. 12 May 1717; Grindall,

RAWSON — RAYMOND. 459
b. 13 July 1719; Edward, b. 2 Ap. 1721; Stephen, b. 2 Ap. 1722 or 1723;
Paul, b. 9 Ap. 1725 ; Thomas, b. 2 May 1733. Wilson the f. was a farraer,
res. in Mendon.
4. Edward, s. ot WUson (3), m. Mary Morse, and had Hooker, b. 21 Ap.
1749 ; Edward, b. 19 June 1754, a physician in Leicester, where he d. in 1786;
Anna (or Nancy), b. 22 Sep. 1756, d. unm. in 1848; Arthur, b. 17 Nov. 1758;
Mephibosheth, b. 7 Aug. 1763, lived only two d.ays. He hiid also Elizabeth, b.
 , ra. Deac. Seth Chapin of Mendon 27 Oct. 176 7 ; and Mary, b.  , ra.
Dr. Levi AA^Uard of Mendon 28 Ap. 1774. Edward the f. was deacon of
the church in Mendon where hischU. were born. Late in Ufe, he rera. to
Leicester, and d. there 11 Feb. 1807. See Rawson Family, and AVashburn's
Hist, of Leicester.
5. Arthur, h. ot Edward (4), ra. AbigaU ChUds of Barre 23 June 1785,
and had George, b. in Barre 18 Dec. 1785 ; and in Hk., Edward, twin, b. 30
July 1787; Arthur, twin, b. 30 July 1787, clerk in the store of Jason Mixter,
rem. when young and became a merchant; Hope, b. 17 May 1789, m. Cutler
Paige 15 Ap. 1813, and d. 23 Sep. 1867. Arthur the f. was a physician,
res. on the road to Barre, at the place marked ' ' Dr. Stone " on the R. Map.
He was soraewhat involved in the Shays Rebellion ; he was probably suroeon,
for when he took the oath of allegiance, he "declared he never took up arras
against governraent, only acted as physician." Mass. Arch., cxc. 168. He
d. 25 Dee 1796, at the early age of 38; his w. Abigail rera. to a house on the
turnpike, half a mile north from the Comraon, marked " S. Weston " on the
R. Map, and d. 28 Sep. 1812, a. 63.
Raymond, AVilliam, by w. Deborah, had in Rochester, William, b. 7 Feb.
1711; Benjamin, h. 7 Dec. 1714; Daniel, b. 28 Mar. 1717; Paul, b. 11 Sep.
1718; Mary, b. 12 Mar. 1720-21; Edward, b. 13 June 1724; Deborah, b. "28
Mar. 1727; Lemuel, b. 11 Nov. 1729, d. 24 Ap. 1733; Elnathan, b. b 'Nov.
1731; Lemuel, b. 22 ,Ap. 1736. William the f. rem. from Beverly to
Rochester, prob. soon after 13 May 1712, at which date he bought a farra in
that town, and the naraes of all his chil. are there entered on record.
2. Benjamin, s. of AVilliara (1), by w. Mercy, had Benjamin, b. 27 July
1738; Joanna, b. 11 May 1740, m. Asa Whitcomb 15 Mar. 1759, rem. to
Barnard, Vt., and d. betore 1809; John, bap. 12 Feb. 1743-4; Mercy, b. about
1746, ra. William Paige 6 Oct. 1768, rera. to Ware, and d. while on a visit at
Barnard 23 Jan. 1795, a. 48; Thankful, b. about 1748, m. James Paige 6 Oct.
1768, and d. 31 Aug. 1806, a. 58; Mary, prob. b. about 1751, m. James Law-
ton, Jr., 3 Jan. 1771 ; he d. 1 Jan. 1804, and she ra. Maj. Jaraes Paige (whose
first wife was her sister), 22 Mar. 1807; Deborah, b. about 1754, m. Stewart
Southgate 22 July 1773, rera. to Barnard, and d. 28 Feb. 1813, a. 58. Benja
min the f. was a cooper; he res. in Rochester until 12 Ap. 1760, when he
bought a farm in Hk. and prob. rem. at about that time, as he and his wife
were admitted to church membership 6 Sep. 1761. He prob. res. on the farm
which was afterwards the horaestead of his son John, and d. 2 Oct. 1779, a.
nearly 65; his w. Mercy d. 26 May 1806, a. 86.
3. John, s. of Benjamin (2), m. Mercy, dau. of Dudley Jordan, 7 Mar.
1771, and had Benjamin, h. 9 Nov. 1771 ; Asa, b. 16 Nov. 1776. John the
f. was a farraer, and res. on the road to Ware, near the town line, at the place
marked " Capt Raymond " on the R. Map. He was captain ot railitia, and
generally known by his military title. He d. 4 Oct. 1816, a. 72 ; his w. Mercy
d. 4 (or 25) Feb. 1833, a. 87.
4. Asa, s. ot John (3), m. SybU Sumner 30 Nov. 1803, and had John, b. 3
Sep. 1804; Adah BuUard, b. 20 July 1806, d. unm. 25 Sep. 1880; Polly Sum
ner, b. 25 Nov. 1809; James Fitch, b. — Feb. 1814, d. 16 Ap. 1814 ; Sybil, b.
17 Oct 1816, in- Samuel King of Barre 6 May 1840. Asa the f. was a far
mer, inherited the horaestead, and d. 24 Aug. 1851, a. nearly 75 ; his w. Sybil
d. 9 June 1846, a. 64.
5. John, s. ot Asa (4), ra. Sarah Ann, dau. of Luther Paige, 31 Mar. 1833,
and had one child which died in infancy. He inherited the homestead and
was a farmer, but devoted much time to the service of the pubUc ; he was cap-

460 RAYMOND — RICE.
tain ot militia and justice ot the peace; selectman seventeen years; assessor
eleven years; meraber of the school committee eight years; representative in
the General Court in 1840, and senator in 1850. He was accidentally killed
by faUing from .a building 6 June 1854, a. nearly 50 ; his w. Sarah Ann d. 23
Sep. 1861, a. 48.
Record, Daniel, m. Prudence, dau. ot Warham Warner of N. Br., and
had Jonathan Adams, b. 6 Oct. 1813; Martha H., b. 7 Ap. 1815; Andrew C,
b. 15 Feb. 1817; Samuel C, b. 16 Jan. 1819. Daniel the f. res. at Barre,
and d. 30 Nov. 1841, a. 56; his w. Prudence d. here, at the house ot her son,
Andrew C, 8 Ap. 1876, a. nearly 92.
2. Andrew C, s. of Daniel (1), ra. Susan C. Thoraas 23 Nov. 1852, and
had Carrie L., b. 2 May 1859; Charlie A., b. 13 Jan. 1863 ; Minnie L., b. 15
Jan. 1865; Mattie G., b. 14 Sep. 1869. Andrew C. the f. kept the hotel
near tbe Coraraon for several years, and after a teraporary absence from the
town returned and res. at the Furnace Village.
Reed, Ebenezer, by w. Anna, had Moses, bap. 22 Oct. 1738.
2. Jonathan, by w.  , had Abner, bap. 10 June 1739.
3. Micah, a descendant from WiUiara i and Mabel (Kendall) of Woburn,
through George^ and Elizabeth (Jennison) ot AVob., William* and Abigail
(Kendall) ot Lexington, WiUiara^ and Sarah (Poulter) ot Lex., and Deac.
Sarauel^ and Eunice (Stone) of Burlington, was born 28 Sep. 1746, ra. Eliza
beth, dau. of John Paige, of Bedford, and had Micah, b. 19 Oct. 1773, m.
Deborah, dau. of Samuel Thurston, ot Hk., pub. 3 Ap. 1797, res. near Ditch
Meadow, in New Braintree, where he kept a tavern, was colonel of cavalry,
and d. 3 Aug. 1825 ; his w. d. 30 June 1828 ; Elizabeth, b. 25 Feb. 1779; Sam
uel, b. at Hk. 11 June 1783, d. at Burhngton, Vt., 5 May 1846; Eunice, b. 13
Jan. 1787, ra. James Barr ot N. Br., and (2d) Perley Granger. Micah the
f. rera. to Hk. about 1780, and prob. to N. Br. afterwards. He d. by a tall
from a scaffold 1 Mar. 1804; his w. Elizabeth d. 21 Mar. 1838, a. 89.
Ithamar, of Pet., ra. Susanna Steward 16 Jan. 1749-50. Bathsheba, of
Rehoboth, m. Abel AValker, pub. 15 Nov. 1801. Lydia, of WendeU, m. Oba
diah Rogers, pub. 3 Ap. 1815. Sally, m. Joshua Rogers of Gr., pub. 6 Oct
1817. Molly, a pauper, d. unm. 22 Feb. 1822, a. 83. Albert, d. 4 Ap.
1835, a. 20.
Rice, Edmund, was of Sudbury in 1639, rera. to Marlborough, and d. there
3 May 1663. He had eight sons and three daughters.
2. Thomas, the third s. of Edmund (1), res. in Sudbury, and afterwards in
Marlborough. By w. Mary, he had thirteen children, of whom the second
was Thomas, b. 30 June 1654.
3. Thomas, s. of Thoraas (2), had Thomas, b.  1683, m. Mary Oakes ;
Charles, b. 7 July 1684; Eunice, b. 3 May 1686; Jason, b. 23 Feb. 1688; Jede
diah, b. 10 June 1690, m. Dorcas Wheeler; Abiel, twin, b. 11 Dec. 1692, d. 27
Dee 1692; Anna, twin, b. 11 Dec. 1692, d. 25 Dec. 169-2, Asher, b. 6 July
1694, was taken prisoner by the Indians 8 Aug. 1704, and long afterward
redeemed; Adonijah, b. 11 Aug. 1696, also taken prisoner by the Indians 8
Aug. 1704, and declined to return from his captivity ; Perez, b. 23 July 1698 ;
Vashti, b. 7 Mar. 1700, m. Daniel Hardy of Westborough 22 Dee 1727 ; Be
riah, b. 20 Aug. 1702; Noah, b.  , ra. Hannah AVarren. Thomas the
f. res. in that part of Marlb. which afterwards became Westb., and repre
sented Marlb. several years in the General Court. His first wife, Mary, d.
13 May 1677, and he m. his cousin Anna Rice 10 Jan. 1681, who d. 2 May
1731, a. 69. He is said to have d. about 1747, a. 94.
4. Charles, s. of Thoraas (3), ra. Rachel AVheeler at Marlb. 26 Ap. 1711,
and had Zebulon, b. 27 Feb. 1711-12; Solomon, b. 1 Sep. 1713; Adam, b. 18
Aug. 1715; Oliver, b. 2 May 1717; Elijah, b. 26 June 1719 ;^nna, b. 6 Mav,

1722, ra. Ebenezer Rice; Zerviah, b. 1 May 1724 ; Adonijah, bap. 28 May 17-27;
Charles, b. 1 Mar. 1731; Abner, b. 17 Sep. 1732, a soldier in the Revolution-
;-y War. Charles the f. res. in that part of Marlb. which was afterwards
l''estb. 5. Perez, s. of Thomas (3), by w. Lydia, had Phineas, b. 4 Auo. 1724;

RICE. 461
Jedediah, b. 29 May 1726; Ephraim, b. 14 Mar. 1729; Mehetabel, h. 3 Ap.
1731, prob. m. Joseph AVilloughby, pub. 2 Aug. 1765, in Hk.; John, b. 
1734; Benjamin, b.  1744; Betsey, b.  1747, m. Bartholoraew Towne,
Jr., 22 June 176 7 ; Stephen, b.  1749. Perez the f. rera. about 1732 from
Westb. to Sutton, where his w. Lydia d. — Jan. 1793, a. 92.
6. Beriah, s. of Thomas (3), m. Mary Goodenow 6 June 1730-1, and had
Jude, b. 3 Dec. 1731; Asaph, b. 9 May 1733, grad. H. C. 1752, practised
medicine a few years at Brookfield, was ordained at Westrainster, 16 Oct
1765, and d. in office, after a rainistry of half a century, 30 Ap. 1816 ; Timothy
b. 18 Feb. 1735; Stephen, b. 15 Mar. 1737; Mary, h. 23 Mar. 1739; Sarah, h.
22 Mar. 1741 ; Lucy, b. 19 Mar. 1743; Rachel, b. 1 May 1745 ; Beriah, bap. 16
Aug. 1747; Benjamin, b. 11 May 1749. Beriah thef. res. at Westb. untU
about 1748, when he rem. to Annapolis, N. S.^
7. Solomon, s. ot Charles (4), by w. Anna, had Thankful, b. prob. about
1742, ra. Edward Higgins of Palmer 17 Oct 1764 ; Antipas, b. about 1744;
Jonas, bap. 26 Oct. 1746, ra. Patty AVhittemore; Hannah, bap. 22 May, 1748,
m. Jonathan Fisk ot Shelburne 18 Jan. 1770 ; Moses, twin, b. 23 Oct 1749 ;
Aaron, twin, b. 23 Oct. 1749, d. unm. 7 Aug. 1816; Elizabeth, b. 12 Sep. 1761,
m. John Nims of Shelburne 4 Feb. 1771; Lucy, b. 31 Oct. 1753, ra; Martin
Rice ot Charleraont, 6 July 1779; Mary, b. 24 Sep. 1755, m. Joseph Hewes of
Lyme, Conn., 5 Oct 1780; Ruth, h. 2 Feb. 1757, m. John Kice of Charleraont
6 Mar. 1782; Joel, b. 13 Ap. 1760. Solomon the f. rem. from AVestb. to
Hardwick in 1749, where the names of his chil. b. then and afterwards are re
corded. He was a soldier, 1757, in the French War, and d. 11 Mar. 1802, a.
88 ; his w. Anna d. 9 Ap. 1802, a. 86.
8. Oliver, s. of Charles (4), ra. Hannah Barrett of Grafton 30 June 1742,
and had ten children b. in Hk. ; but the record is mutilated so that the naraes
of four are lost; those -which reraain are Isaac, b. 12 Oct. 1742; Stephen, b. 20
Feb. 1744-5, m. Thankful Glazier 23 Oct 1770; Sarah, b. 4 Feb. 1746-7;
Zerviah, b. 16 Jan. 1748-9, m. Abner Marble of Pet 19 Ap. 1768; Levina, h'.
5 July 1751, ra. Zachariah Harwood of Bennington, Vt, 30 Ap. 1767, and d.
6 Sep. 1808;  -, 1753;  , 1756;  , 11 Aug.1757;  ,1759;
Susan, b. 24 June 1 76- m. Stephen Watkins of Athol 6 Mar. 1789. Oliver
the f. rera. frora Westb. to Hk., prob. soon after 5 Oct. 1739, at which date he
bought a farm of Samuel Robinson. He served in the French War, in 1756
and 1757. Late in life he rera. to Bennington, Vt., where he died.
9. Phineas, s. of Perez (6), m. Hannah Curarains of Sutton in 1743, and
had (all apparently born here) Nathaniel, b. 18 Sep. 1746, m. Elizabeth Law
rence 24 Nov. 1768; Hannah, b. 26 July 1747, m. John Haskell, pub. 22 July
1765; Mary, b. 10 Feb. 1761, m. Eli Freeman 26 Mar. 1767; Elizabeth, b. 6
July 1763 ; Abigail, b. 17 Ap. 1755, m. Stephen Johnson 31 May 1774; Ruth,
b. 12 Feb. 1768; Noah, b.  1760, m. Prudence Luce 30 Aug. 1781.
Phineas the f rem. prob. from Sutton to Hk. before 1745, and seems to have
rem. after 1760 to Rutland District, now Barre, which is described as the
residence of his children at the date of their raarriage.
10. Jedediah, s. of Perez (5), by w. Mehetabel, had Mehetabel, b. 27 May
1760, m. Rand White of Spencer; Tabitha, b. 16 Feb. 1752; Jedediah, b. 26
Feb. 1754 ; Anna, b. 27 Jan. 1766. Jedediah the f. was a physician, and res.
on the road leading frora the Mandell Farm to Ruggles Hill ; he came here
betore 11 Ap. 1749, and d. 4 Ap. 1766, before he had quite attained the age ot
30 years; his w. Mehetabel m. David Knapp of Spencer 27 Sep. 1759.
11. Ephraim, s. ot Perez (5), seeras to have res. here several years, though
no trace is found of wife or children. He was a soldier in the French War,
1756, and sold to Andrew Haskell, 28 Feb. 1761, a hundred acres of land, in
Hk., which he had previously bought ot Aaron Thomas.
12. Stephen, s. of Beriah (6), m. Dorothy Woods of Marlb. 10 Nov. 1763,
and had Ashbel, b. 27 May 1765 ; Mary, h. 18 May 1767, m. Nathan Freeman
1 Ap. 1790; Hepzibah, b. 12 Feb. 1771, d. unm.  ; Lucy, b. 12 Mar. 1773,
1 Thus far I have relied chiefly for names and dates on Ward's History of the Rice
Family.

462 RICE.
d.unra.  ; Lydia, b. 25 Jan. 1775, d. unm.  ; Stephen, bap. 8 June
1777; Thomas, bap. 9 June 1782. The names of all these chil. are recorded
as if born here; but in the deed of his farm, dated 26 Ap. 1771, Stephen
the f is described as of Brookfield. If this was the date of his reraoval, he
very soon attained a prorainent position in the town, being elected in 1774
selectman, assessor, a meraber of tbe coraraittee of correspondence, delegate
to the convention of coraraittees at Worcester, and delegate to the first pro
vincial congress at Concord, to which last-naraed office he was again elected
in 1775, and also representative in the General Court. At the organization ot
the railitia by the town, 22 Sep. 1774, he was elected Ueutenant; he became
captain before 22 May 1775, and was elected lieutenant-colonel by the General
Court 10 Ap. 1776, in which capacity he raarched with Col. Cushing's regi
ment " on the alarra to Bennington," July 1777, and served several raonths ;
he remained in office until the reorganization of the mUitia in 1781, after the
adoption of the Constitution. He was selectman four years, assessor two years,
and representative three years. He was a farmer, and res. on the turnpike,
somewhat raore than a mile north frora the Coraraon, at the place marked " C.
Paige " on the R. Map. Though rather short in stature, he seeraed to be
burdened by an excess of flesh until he was about seventy years old ; after
which he becarae very thin, but retained his vigor and activity. He d. 24
Nov. 1831, a. nearly 95; his w. Dorothy, with whora he lived in wedlock almost
63 years, d. 16 Oct. 1826, a. 83. All the chil. were Uving 20 Ap. 1821, the
date of their father's will.
13. Antipas, s. of Solomon (7), m. Thankful Rider 27 Oct. 1774, and had
Seth, b. 24 Feb. 1776, ra. Polly Haramond of Hawley, pub. 9 Nov. 1800 ; Solo
mon; Timothy ; Anna, b  , ra. Thomas AA^iUis 16 Nov. 1800; Mercy; Polly.
Such are the names mentioned in the will of Antipas the f., dated 1 Feb.,
1802, in which provision is made for the raaintenance of his aged parents, both
of whom, however, died within a few weeks afterwards. He d. 10 Feb. 1802.
14. Isaac, s. of Oliver (8), m. Mehetabel Stearns of Worcester 1 Dec. 1768,
and had John, b. 29 Mar. 1770; Clark, b. 4 Ap. 1772; Charles, b. 14 Aug. 1774;
Lucinda, b. 7 Sep. 1776. Isaac the f. was one of tbe "minute-men" who
marched from Hardwick to Cambridge, on the Lexington alarm, in April
1775. 15. Ashbel, s. ot Stephen (12), m. Polly, dau. of Capt Seth Peirce 15 Sep.
1793; she d. 7 June 1802, and he m. Sylvina, dau. ot David AA'^aite of N. Br.,
pub. 21 June 1807. His chil. were Horace, b. - — ¦ 1794; Mary P., b. 
1795, m. Horace S. Childs of Brandon, Vt, 15 Oct. 1817, and d. at Chicago
about 1880; Albert F., b.  Aug. 1810; Sylvina, b. — Sep. 1812, d. unm.
25 Nov. 1849, a. 37. Ashbel the f. res. on the old River road, about a mile
southerly frora the Furnace, at tbe place marked " A. Rice " on the R. Map.
He was a farraer, and while at work on his farra was killed by a fall from a
load of bay 17 July 1845, a. 80; his w. Sylvina d. 3 Dec. 1860, a. 84.
16. Stephen, s. of Stephen (12), ra. Fanny, dau. ot James Paige, 4 Sep.
1811, and had Eliza Ann, b. 13 Jan. 1814, m. John P. Robinson oi Brk. 18
Feb. 1835, and rem. to Boston. Stephen the f. was a farmer, res. on tbe
homestead, and was killed by a fall from a hay-cart, in front ot the new ceme
tery, 16 Aug. 1821; his w. Fanny ra. Capt Moses Allen, pub. 7 May 1825, and
d. in Boston 15 Feb. 1873, a. nearly 89.
17. Thomas, s. ot Stephen (12), grad. Y. C. 1803, studied law, and com
raenced practice with good prospect ot success; but his passionate fondness for
music predominated over his love for the law, and he abandoned the protession
entirely. He was a genial corapanion, fond of society and its indulgences, of
respectable attainments and gentlemanly deportment, but lacked the energy
necessary to success. After gaining a precarious livelihood tor several years,
he escaped tbe snare, and cast off the bonds which had enslaved him. He
became master ot his appetites, rem. to Vermont, arid devoted himself to the
teaching ot music, for which employment he was admirably qualified, both by
taste and practice. He is reported to have been successful in obtainino a com
petency for the supply of his personal wants, together with the approbation of

RICE — RICHARDS. 463
his pupUs and the respectful consideration ot the community, untU he d. unm.
at a good old age.
18. Albert F., s. of Ashbel (15), m. CaroUne Morse ot Southbridoe pub
13 Nov. 1835, and had Albert W., b. 4 Jan. 1841 ; Franklin M., b. 9 Fe'b. 1843
m. Eliza G. Ploward 6 Feb. 1879, a merchant in AVarren, where he d. 20 Auo'.
1881. Albert F. the f., afarmer, res. on the homestead. °'
19. John, perhaps the same who ra. Sarah (or Polly) Woods of Pet. 10 Dec.
1789, had Susanna and Perez, bap. 29 Oct 1799; Willard, bap. 29 July 1802.'
John the f. may have been the " adult " who was bap. 2 Nov. 1806.
20. John, possibly the same as John (19) above mentioned, m. Betsey Ruo-
gles, pub. 21 Nov. 1808, and had Betsey Ruggles, bap. 3 Deo. 1809 (the father
being then described as of Somerset, Vt), m. Varnum Wetherbee 14 Nov
1831. Elizabeth, wid. of Aaron, of Rut., m. Caleb Benjamin 18 Nov. 1760.
Catherine, prob. dau. of OUver (8), m. Aaron Forbush, Jr., 27 Ap. 1774.
Bathsheba, prob. dau. of Oliver (8), m. Dudley Jordan 8 Aug. 1776. AVidow
Susanna, m. Edward Clark of Hubbardston 22 Ap. 1779. Perez, ra. Chloe
Lincoln 8 Ap. 1779. Darius, of Gr., m. Charity Winslow 7 Dee 1780, and
Rebecca Haskins 17 Dec. 1789. Abisha, m. Abigail Winslow 20 Feb. 1782.
Abigail, m. Samuel Freeman 23 Ap. 1807. Mary, ra. Jesse Perkins 25 Ap.
1819. Rebecca A., of Ware,im. Abiathar P. ElUs, pub. 24 Feb. 1844. Pbtek,
d. 8 Jan. 1808, a. 18.
Rich, John, by w. Mercy, had Martha, b. 26 May 1776, perhaps m. Eben
ezer Titus of Gr. 30 Aug. 1792; Bethiah, b. 13 Ap. 1778; John, b. 16 May
1780; Sabery (Sabraf), called Sylvia in the record of baptisms, b. 8 Mar. 1782;
William, b.— June 1784, d. 5 May 1790; Samuel, b. 26 Ap. 1786; WiUiam,
b. 13 June 1792. John the f. is styled capta,in in the records.
2. Apollos, perhaps brother ot John (1), had Nabby, bap. 25 June 1780;
Alphea, bap. 30 June 1782.
3. Apollos, prob. s. of Apollos (2), or John (1), by w. Bethia, had Lyman,
h.  , res. in Orange; Dwight B., b. here,  1826, res. in Boston, d. at
Orange Park, Fla., 22 Oct. 1882, a. 56 years and 6 raonths; Charles, bap. here
19 June 1829, d. 26 June 1829, a. 9 raonths; Caroline Abigail, bap. 26 June
1831 ; Henry Alexander, bap. 3 Nov. 1833, res. in Hyde Park; a daughter, bap.
— May 1837; Andrew J., b.  , res. in Hyde Park. Either Caroline A. or
another dau. m. Henry M. Ward ot Northfield. This family had a " reunion "
26 Ap. 1882, when the four sons and Mrs. Ward were present. Si.x months
later the circle was broken. Apollos the f. was a farmer, and resided near
the central bridge over Ware River, at the place marked " A. Rich " on the
R. Map. He was elected captain of the " Rifle Company " 29 June 1833, and
lieutenant-colonel of the regiment 14 Aug. 1835. He rera. to Orange, where
hed. 27 Dec. 1845, a. 47.
4. Timothy, ot Boston, m. Fanny, dau. of Capt. Edward Ruggles, pub. 25
Mar. 1810, and for sorae reason the birth of three children appears on our
records: Edward Ruggles, b. in Medford 14 July 1810; Timothy Smith, b. in
Boston lo Feb. 1812; Ann Dean, b. 5 Nov. 1813.
Ebenezer, Jr., of Gr., m. Sarah Knowlton, pub. 14 Dec. 1786. Rctth, of
Gr., m. AVilliam AVyatt Barlow, pub. 7 Feb. 1790. Nabby, of Ware, ra. Syl
vester Bowen 19 Aug. 1804. Barnabas, ot Ent., m. Lydia AVetherbee, pub.
26 Nov. 1827. Rebecca, of Barre, m. Moses Bolster 26 June 1836. Lucy,
wife of Jonathan C, d. 4 Feb. 1841, a. 44.
Richards, Edward, m. Susan Hunting, and d. 25 Aug. 1684; he had in
Dedham five chih, of whom the fourth was Nathaniel, b. 25 Jan. 1648.
2. Nathaniel, s. ot Edward (1), m. Mary, dau. of Deacon John Aldis 28
Feb. 1678, and d. 15 Feb. 1726 ; he res. in Dedham, and had eight children, ot
whora the third was James, b. 24 Ap. 1683.
3. James, s. of Nathaniel (2), m. Hannah, dau. of Deacon Jonathan Metcalf,
res. in Dedham, and had eleven chil., of whom the sixth was Ebenezer, b. 2
Jan. 1718-19.
4. Ebenezer, s. of James (3), m. Thankful, dau. of Ebenezer Stratton of

464 RICHARDS — RICHARDSON.
Carabridge, and d. 27 Feb. 1799; he res. in Dedhara, and had ten chil., of
whora tbe seventh was David, b. 26 Jan. 1755. See Gen. of Richards Family.
5. David, s. ot Ebenezer (4), m. Chloe, dau. of Maj. Thomas Richards ot
Dover, and had Thomas, b. 16 Mar. 178-2, d. at Springf. 30 Dec. 1858; David,
b. 3 Feb. 1784; Ebenezer, b. 12 June 1786 ; Rebecca, b. 16 Jan. 1789, m. Aaron
Johnson, Jr., 14 May 1807; WiUiam, b. 4 May 1791; Whiting, b. 11 May
1793, d. — Sep. 1854; Xeoranrd, b. 10 May 1795, d. 22 Jan. 1 796; Lyman Wil
lard, b. 23 Feb. 1797; Clarissa, b. 24 Oct 1799, ra. Samuel Warner of Springf.
11 July 1820, and d. 15 Oct 1867; Wyatt, b. 8 Mar. 1802; Mary Fuller, h. 15
Jan. 1805, m. Nathaniel R. Moseley of Springf. 9 Oct 1823. David the f.
rera. to Hk. soon after his marriage, res. in the northwesterly part of the town,
about a quarter of a mile northerly from the turnpike, was a farraer, and d. 29
Dec. 1817, il. neariy 63 ; bis -w. Chloe d. 24 May 1840, a. 79.
6. David, s. of David (5), ra. Sarah M. Mitchell at Keene, N. H. 2 Dec.
1810; she d. 2 Ap. 1814, and he ra. Nancy Jackson at Hk. 20 Sep. 1821; she
d. 8 Nov. 1822, and he m. Elizabeth Shackford at Boston, 22 Oct. 1826. His
chil. were Sarah MitcheU, b. 11 Oct. 1811, d. 24 Oct 1822; George Osgood,
b. 18 July 1813, d. at Warren 9 Oct 1855; WiUiam Spencer, b. 1 Jan. 1828;
John D., b. 12 Mar. 1830, d. 6 Feb. 1832; Mary Elizabeth, b. 14 Auo. 1832;
Sarah Mitchell, h. 30 Sep. 1835, d. 2 Feb. 1836; Thomas, b. 26 July 1837.
David the f. was a carpenter, res. successively at Hk., Keene, N. H., Boston,
and Fiskdale (Sturbridge), and is said (Gen. Richards Fam.) to have been
living in 1860.
7. Ebknezer, s. of David (5), m. Abigail Richardson 4 Feb. 1812. No
record found of chUdren, except that an infant, aged two raonths, d. 14 May
1814. Ebenezer the f. res. on the homestead, and d. 27 Sep. 1833; his w.
Abigail d. 24 Jan. 1868, a. 76.
8. William, s. of David (5), m.  ; she d. here 11 Dec. 1826, a. 30, and
he (then. res. in Roxbury) m. Catherine Tute 28 Feb. 1830.
9. AVyatt, s. of David (5), m. Sarah P. Ruggles, 5 Ap. 1827, and had
Joseph Ruggles, b. 18 Feb. 1828, an architect ; Sarah Eliza, b. 19 Oct 1829;
Martha Page, b. 1 Nov. 1831, d. 3 Jan. 1832; Samuel Wyatt, b. 3 Mar. 1833,
an architect; William Whiting, b. 1 June 1835, grad. H. C. 1855. Wyatt
the f. was a raason, res. in Boston, and d. 9 Feb. 1872.
10. Marshall, of Springf., ra. Louisa R. Monroe 28 Jan. 1869, and had
Frank E., b. — Dec. 1869, d. 18 Nov. 1872 ; Gracie, b. 30 July 1880.
Calvin, ra. Sarah AV. Gleason of Pet, pub. 10 Nov. 1832. Abigail S., m.
Benjamin R. Wetherbee, pub. 3 Feb. 1860. Martha A., of Gr.. m. Charles
P. Crowell, pub. 13 Nov. 1858. Gideon, m. Adeline Dupray 12 Feb. 1865.
Sarah, d. 13 June 1847, a. 19.
Richardson, Silas, ra. AbigaU Thayer 26 Nov. 1789, and had Fanny, h.
19 May 1791, m. Sarauel Thayer of Dana, pub. 27 Jan. 1812; Nabby, b. 22
Dee 1792, ra. Ebenezer Richards 4 Feb. 1812, and d. 24 Jan. 1868; Seth, b.
17 Ap. 1799 ; Eunice, b. 10 Jan. 1801, ra. Joel AVhipple 2 Sep. 1821, and d. at
N. Brk. 9 Oct. 1869; Sarah F., b. 20 June 1802 (or 1805), m. Jaraes P Cool
idge 29 May 1829, and d. at N. Brk. 6 Dec. 1872; Silas Peck, h. 2 Jan. 1807;
¦Anna F., h. 13 Dee 1813, ra. Jonas Allen, pub. 8 Nov. 1833, and d. 9 Jan.
1864. Silas the t. res. in the northwesterly part of the town, not far from
David Richards, and d. 1 Feb. 1829, a. 67; his w. AbigaU d. 23 Jan. 1867, a.

day, I find no trace of this family.
3. AVyatt, perhaps brother of Silas (1), and ot Benjamin (2), m. AbioaU
Johnson, ptib. 6 May 1795, and bad Wyatt, b. 29 Aug. 1799, m. Hannah°F.
Babbitt ot Swanzey, N. H, pub. 5 Ap. 1824; Nancy, h. — Oct 1802 m Al
van Bassett, pub. 22 Sep. 1828; Almira, h. 16 Feb. 1816, m. Joseph Robi'nson
of Amherst 31 Dec. 1840.
4. Seth, s. of SUas (1), m. Alice Johnson, pub. 3 Ap. 1820, and had Wil-

RICHARDSON— RICHMOND. 465
liam, b. about 1820, m. Louisa Lamb 4 July 1841; she d. 4 June 1842 a 18
and he was drowned 28 Sep. 1852, a. 32; Mary J., b.  1822, m. John Kino
3 Oct 1844, and d. at Gr. 11 May 1878; Civiila Y., b. about 1826, d. 2 Sep"
1849, a. 23; Asa F., b. about 1832; Rhoda, b. — Nov. 1834, d. 14 Auo. 1835
a. 9 months. Seth the t. d. 14 or 16 June 1881; his w. Alice d U Feb'
1861, a. 60.
5. StLAS P., s. of SUas (1), m. Fanny Johnson, pub. 9 June 1828; she d 13
Aug. 1855, a. 48.
6. Erastus B., m. Julia  , and had Julia Ann, b. 23 May 1854, m. 
Di'inkwine, and d. at Athol 25 Mar. 1877.
7. Silas O., by. w. Sarah, had Orlando IL, b. 9 Ap. 1866.
8. George W., m. Mary Ann Thayer in 1854, and had George L., b 
1856, d. 11 May 1867, a. 12; Fanny, b. about 1867, ra. Curtis C. Sleeper 8
Mar. 1873; Susan R., b. about 1859, m. Albert S. Sturtevant 4 Dec. 1877;
Samuel, b.  1866, drowned 24 Nov. 1872, a. 6 ; James Walter, h. 13 Nov
187-2. 9. Asa F., s. of Seth (4), m. Lydia J. Bassett 26 May 1858, and had Leon
Augustine, b. 31 Ap. 1859; Edgar, twin, b. 17 Dec. 1861, d. 9 Jan. 1862 ; Ed-
nah, twin, b. 17 Dec. 1861.
10. Alonzo, m. Martha Marsh, pub. 4 Feb. 1863, and had WiUiam Dexter,
b. 21 July 1863 r Fanny C, h. 23 Nov. 1865.
11. Alfred H., m. Lucretia Marsh 21 Nov. 1870, and had Fanny Lucretia,
b. 11 Ap. 1873; Milan L., b. — May 1878, d. 3 Sep. 1879; Myron E., b. 29
Nov. 1879 ; Florence Eliza, b. 29 Mar. 1881. Alfred H. the 'i. res. at Gil
bertville, and was selectman in 1875.
12. Herbert O. (s. of Oriando and Sarah), m. Mary E. LabeUe 7 Oct
1875, and had Inez Leona, b. 22 Feb. 1876.
Celi.a., of Gr., m. Aaron Johnson 11 Sep. 1800. Bethia, of Dana, m.
Reuel Terry, pub. 26 Ap. 1807. Celia J., m. James Sloan 16 Mar. 1837.
Lucy, of Dana, m. Cyrus W. Stephens 31 Dec. 1837. Elizabeth C, ra.
Joseph AV. Stephens 23 Mar. 1843. Fanny, m. Hosea E. Stone, pub. 17
Oct 1847. Esther G., m. Stephen King of Dana, pub. 6 Oct. 1848.
Bethia, m. Ebenezer W. Gleason, pub. 10 Mar. 1849. Louisa A., m. John
M. Ramsdell, pub. 25 May 1858. Otis B., of Ware, ra. Mary S. Sraith 14 Ap.
1877. The record ot births in the Richardson Family, previous to 1854, is so im
perfect that I am unable to indicate the exact relationship of its several
branches, nor am I sure whether all who are here naraed belong to one com
mon stock.
Richmond, Joseph, by w. Hannah, had four chU. bap. here 18 June, 1820,
namely, Benjamin Franklin, Elizabeth, Waldron, and Maria; ot whom Wal
dron d. (pTob. unm.) 27 Dec. 1839, a. 27, and Maria ra. Tiraothy P. Bruce 3
Mar. 1836. He prob. had other chil. Joseph tbe f. res. near the Barre line,
at the place marked "J. Richmond" on the R. Map, and d. 22 Nov. 1839, a.
58; his w. Hannah (b. at Raynhara) d. 23 Sep. 1861, a. 78. A singular mor
tality befell this faraily in 1839, when the father and two sons (perhaps three)
died in the space of less than seven weeks.
2. Noah, res. near the Barre line, at the place raarked "N. Richraond"
on the R. Map, and d. 16 Oct. 1846, a. 79 ; his w. Mercy d. 25 Sep. 1842, a.
64. They were prob. parents of Oliver O., b. about 1815.
3. Joseph D., prob. s. of Joseph (1), m. Catherine W. Dean of Barre, pub.
14 Nov. 1835, and d. 11 Dec. 1839, a. 34; his w. Catherine W. m. Benjarain
Bassett 29 June 1847. No record of children.
4. Benjamin F., s. of Joseph (1), ra. Mary Spooner ot Barre, pub. 11 Nov.
1837, and d. 10 Nov. 1839, a. 33; his w. Mary m. Timothy Fay 20 Ap. 1842,
and d. 11 Aug. 1866.
5. Oliver 0., prob. s. of Noah (2), ra. Mary W. Loring of Pet., pub. 19
May 1838, and d. 6 Sep. 1840, a. 25; his w. was perhaps the Mary who m.
Marcus Goodman ot Dana, pub. 6 Nov. 1844.
30

466 RICHMOND — ROBINSON.
*
Charles, prob. s. ot Joseph (1), or ot Noah (2), d. 20 Ap. 1835, a. 15.
Lydia " Richman," of N. Br., m. Ebenezer Lawrence 18 Dec. 1763.
Riddle, James M., m. Tryphosa F. Woodis, of W. Bik., pub. 23 Dee.
1849, and had Eugene Leslie, b. 25 Oct 1850.
Ripley, Jepthah, by w. Lucinda  , had Lorenzo, b. 27 Dec. 1826;
Adeline Maria, b. 1 Dec. 1826.
Rixforth, Henry (generally written Rixford), m. Sarah Stanford 22 Feb.
1781. No record of children. He served in the Revolutionary War 1775,
1776, 1777, 1778, 1780.
Roach, Maurice, by w. Elizabeth, had John, b. 16 Nov. 1866; David,
b. 30 Sep. 1868; Elizabeth, b. 15 Aug. 1871 ; Catherine, b. 14 Deo. 1873 ;
Maurice, b. 16 July 1876.
Robbins, .Joseph, m. Ann Maria Granger, pub. 23 Nov. 1861, and had
Joseph Elmer, b. 21 May 1863, d. 25 Oct. 1854. Joseph the t. d. 19 Dec.
1858, a. 31 ; his w. Ann Maria d. 30 June 1857, a. 29.
2. Lyman, by w. Blary, had Samuel, b. 26 Mar. 1865; Lyman, b. 18 Aug.
1878. Emory, s. ot Samuel and Anna, b. at Belchertown, d. unm. 9 Mar. 1877,
a. 62. Nancy, m. David Thresher of N. Br., pub. 17 Sep. 1850.
Roberts, John, ra. Elizabeth Fay, in Grafton, 5 June 1746 ; she d. 4 Nov.
1750, and he ra. Sarah Abbott 1 Ap. 1752. His chil. were Jolm, b. 27 Oct
1747 ; Hannah, b. 28 July 1749; Elizabeth, b. 25 Jan. 1753; Josiah, b. 27
Feb. 1754; Sarah, b. 11 Ap. 1756. .John tbe t. was a, farmer, and oneot
the principal founders of the Separate Church. He prob. rem. about 1761,
with raany of that church, to Bennington, and perhaps afterwards to Morris
town, Vt.
Susanna, ot Brk., m. Joseph Foster, pub. 9 Feb. 1761-2. Benjamin, m.
Martha Heart of Leicester, pub. 9 Oct. 1754, and (2d) Martha Abbott, 29
Feb. 1764. Malvina, in. Almon G. Stevens, pub. — Ap. 1852. Victor, m.
Leonora Taylor, pub. 9 Nov. 186 7.
Robinson. As several famUies of this name have resided here between
whom no kinship can be traced, I shall, for the sake of convenience, arrange
the names in three sections. SECTION I.
Robinson, William, by w. Elizabeth, had Elizabeth, b.  ; Hannah, b.
13 July 1671, d. 5 Oct 1672; William, b. 10 July, 1673; Mercy, b. 7 Auo.
1676 ; David, b. 23 May 1678 ("larae and helpless " in 1695); Samuel, b. 2°0
Ap. 1680; Jonathan, b. 20 Ap. 1682. William the f. res. in Carabridge
during most of his life; he d. in 1693, when aU'his chU. except Hannah were
living. 2. Samuel, s. of WUliam (1), m. Sarah, dau. ot Samuel Mannino of
Billerica, 23 Mar. 1703-4 ; she d. 19 July 1709, and he in. Elizabeth, dau.
of Capt. Sarauel Brigham of Mariborough, 16 Oct 1711. His chil. were
Sarah, bap. 22 July, 1705, d. young; Samuel,b. 4 Ap. 1707; Dorothy, b. 19
Ap. 1709; Persis, b. 7 Sep. 1712; Edmund, b. 7 June 1714, d. 26 Nov. 1716;
Sarah, b. 3 Oct. 1717. Samuel the f. kept a tavern in Cambridge until 13
June 1721, when he sold his house and removed to Westborough." Adminis
tration on his estate was granted to his w. Elizabeth 24 Ap. 1724, and her
brother, Jedediah Brigham, was appointed guardian to the only survivino son,
Samuel, then in his nineteenth year, 25 Feb. 1 725-6. See Hist, of Cambridge,
3. Samuel, s. of Samuel (2), m. Mercy, dau. of Moses Leonard and gr.-
dau. of Moses Newton, 29 May 1732. At the time of their marriaoe they
res. in Southborough, but soon rera. to Grafton. Their chil. were EUzabeth,
b. 24 Dec. 1733 (recorded here but prob. b. in Grafton), d. young; Leonard, b.
here 10 July 1736; Samuel, b. 9 Aug. 1738; Moses, b. 15 Mar. 1741- Paul
b. 17 Dec. 1743, d.  1764; Silas, b. 17 Mar. 1746-6; Mercy, b. 8 Oct
1748, m. Col. Joseph Safford ot Bennuigton, and d. 7 May 1814 ; Sarah b

ROBINSON.

467

13 Nov. 1751, m. Benjamin, s. of Capt Stephen Fay ot Ben., and (2d) Gen.
Heman Swift of Cornwall, Conn.; David, h. 4 Nov. 1754; Jonathan, h. 24
Aug. 1756; Anna, b. 4 Oct 1759, m. Isaac AVebster ot Ben.  . Samuel the
f. res. in Grafton a short tirae after his marriage, and rem. to Hk. in 1735 oi- 1736
where for the next quarter ot a century he was one of the most active and ener
getic citizens; ' selectman ten years, assessor three years, and town clerk
four years. He was elected 30 Ap. 1746, deacon of the church, which office
he resigned 2 Mar. 1748-9, and became deacon of the Separate Church, which
was organized at or about that time. He was captain of a company in the
French AVar during the regular campaigns, from 1755 to 1759 inclusive, with
the possible exception ot one year. Attracted by the beauty of what is now
Bennington, which place he visited on his return from one of his carapaions,
he organized a corapany, purchased the rights of the chartered proprietors,
and comraenced, in 1761, a settleraent in the unbroken wilderness. Here, as
well as in Hardwick, he was active and prorainent; he " was the acknowledged
leader in the band of pioneers in the settlement of the town, and continued to
exercise almost a controlling authority in the affairs of the town the remainder
ot his life." ^ In the long and bitter controversy between New York and New
Harapshire, concerning the territory then called the New Harapshire Grants,
but which now constitutes the State of Verraont, he was actively engaged un
til the premature close ot his lite. His energy and ability were recognized by
Governor Wentworth, who commissioned him, 8 Feb. 1762, justice of the
peace, be thus "being tbe first person appointed to a judicial office within the
limits " of that territory.' As a final resort, he was appointed to present a
petition to the king for relief. He sailed from New York, 25 Dec. 1766,
landed at Falmouth 30 Jan. 1767, and soon afterwards arrived at London.^
He was partially successful in his raission, but it was left incomplete by his
death, of small-pox, 27 Oct. 1767. He was buried in the cemetery connected
with tbe church ot his favorite preacher. Rev. George Whitefield, and a monu
ment, with an elaborate inscription,^ was erected to his memory in the cemetery

1 While in Hardwick, he res. first in the
westerly part of the town, but soon rem. to
a place on the turnpike, somewhat more than
a mile northerly from the Common. His
farm contained nine hundred acres, and
the house stood at or near the spot marked
" Old House," on the R. Map. On his re
moval to Bennington, 15 Sep. 1761, he sold
six hundred acres of this farm to Capt.
Daniel Wheeler, describing it as the
" easterly part of my homestead." The
house was probably the same which was
soon afterwards destroyed. In the Boston
Weekly News-Letter, dated Monday,
August 18, 1773, it was announced that,
" On Friday last, about ten o'clock, the
dwelling-house of Capt. Daniel Wheeler, of
Hardwick, with the furniture, was consumed

ing-house, containing one acre and a half;
and three hundred acres or thereabouts, on
the west side of the farm I formerly lived
on; also one hundred and sixty acres on
Greenwich River in said town, with all other
lands I own in said town ; with some land
in the Township of Greenwich, namely', the
farm Joseph Kidder formerly lived on, con
taining three hundred acres or thereabouts,
and one hundred acres near or adjoining said
Greenwich meeting-house, and also one hun
dred acres in the second Division, and also
the west half of the original Lot 47, being
about fifty acres, with all and every parcel
of land or lands which I now own in said
Township." Dated at New Haven 15 Dec.
1766, and acknowledged before "Koger
Sherman, Assistant." The "small meet-

by fire; the loss is computed at upwards of ing-house" was that which had been used

£500." Thus perished what might have
become a very interesting landmark.
2 Jennings' Memorials of a Century, p.
204. 8 Ibid. p. 206.
i Harly Hist, of Vermont, p. 85. Ten
days before he left New A'ork, and ap
parently on his way thither, he conveyed to
his son'Samuel all liis land in Massachusetts,
so that, in case he should not live to return,
the settlement of his estate might be more
easy; it was described as, "all the land I
own in the township of Hardwick and
County of Worcester and Province of
Massachusetts Bay, namely, one meadow lot,
three acres and three quarters; also a piece
of land where formerly stood a small meet-

by the Separate Church, and stood on the
easterlj' side of the old road, long ago dis
continued, from the Common to the house
marked "J. Gorham " on the R. Map, and
about midway between that house and the
present road to AVare. The land conveyed
by this deed was more than 1,000 acres, in
addition to the six hundred acres previously
sold to Capt. Daniel Wheeler.
* The age of Capt. Robinson and of his
wife is overrated by two years on their
head-stones; his being called 62 years in
stead of 60, and hers 82 years instead of
80. Such errors, especially in regard to
aged persons, are frequently found on head
stones.

468 ROBINSON.
at Bennington Centre. His w. Mercy, who was born at Marlborough, 1 Dec.
1714, d. at Bennington, 5 June 1796.
4. Leonard, s. of Samuel (3), m. Rebecca, dau. of Samuel BUlings, 31 Aug.
1758; she d. 18 Nov. 1765, at Bennington, and he ra. Mercy, wid. of Silas New
ton and dau. of Deac. John Freeman, 13 Mar. 1766; not being happy in her
new relation, she returned to Hardwick, and he ra. Eunice Holmes of Dedham
about 1768. His chil. were Sarah, b. 20 Ap. 1769, m. Jonah Brewster of Ben
nington, and d. 11 Sep. 1816 ; Lydia, b. 17 Jan. 1761, m. Moses Rice ot Ben.,
and d. in May 1827 (these two were b. in Hk.; the fourteen following in Ben.) :
Rebecca, b. 27 Ap. 1763, ra. David Cutler of Ben., and d. 3 Sep. 1827 ; John,
b. 16 Feb. 1765, m. Hannah Smalley; Samuel Leonard, b. 23 Mar. 1767; Jo
seph, b. 22 Ap. 1769, m. Rhoda Hawks, and d. 3 Sep. 1814; Benjamin, b. 6
Mar. 1772, d. 18 Sep. 1775; Elizabeth, b. 13 Ap. 1774, d. 26 Oct 1776; Eu
nice, b. 15 Feb. 1776, m. Martin Hopkins; Hannah, b. 17 Mar. 1778, ra. He-
man Hopkins; Leonard, b. 31 Mar. 1780, d. 29 May 1781; Leonard, b. 1 Mar.
1782, m. Sarah Atherton, and d. in 1836; Persis, b. 11 Feb. 1784, m. James
Brown, and d. 30 July 1811 ; Anna, b. 12 Ap. 1786, m. Valentine Goodrich;
Luther, b. 16 Feb. 1787, d. at Swanton 5 Jan. 1811; Diantha, b. 22 Jan.
1792, d. at Swanton 14 Ap. 1823. Leonard the f. served in the French AVar,
1757, and was a raember of the company commanded by his brother Samuel in
the Bennington Battle. It is related by Rev. Mr. Jennings, as one of the tra
ditions still extant, that " Leonard Robinson, whose aim was quick and deadly,
declared that every time he shot he saw a man fall. ' But,' said he, ' I prayed
the Lord to have mercy on his soul, and then I took care of his body.' " He
was reputed to be a very pious raan; but Mr. Jennings adds that " his piety
would seera to have been of that kind that ' trusts God, but keeps the powder
dry.' " ' He res. in Bennington until late in life, when he rera. to Swanton,
and d. 29 Sep. 1827, a. 91 ; his w. Eunice d. 10 Mar. 1826, a. 76.
6. Samuel, s. of Sarauel (3), m. Hannah Clark of Barre, pub. 16 Ap.
1758; she d. 29 Nov. 1766, and he ra. Esther Safford of Bennington, 6 Ap.
1767. His cliil. were Mary, bap. here 3 Sep. 1758, d. at Bennington 28 Aug.
1761 ; Persis, b. here 22 Nov. 1759 ; the following ten chil. were b. at Benning
ton: Hannah,b. — Jan. 1770, ra. Charles Follett, and d. 31 July 1831 ; Esther,
b. 16 Dee 1771, ra. Asahel Hyde; Samuel, b. — Jan. 1774, m. Sarah Har
wood (she corapiled a genealogy of the Robinson and Harwood farailies, 1837,
and d. 10 Sep. 1854, a. 80) ; Benjamin, b. 11 Feb. 1776, a physician, settled
in Fayetteville, N. C, where he d. in 1867; PoUy, b. 16 July 1778, d. young;
Betsey, b. 18 Ap. 1781, m. Jared Sears; Safford, b. 9 May"l784; Hiram, b.
15 Aug. 1786; Lucy, b. 11 Dec. 1789, m. Erastus Montague; Sarah, b. 8 Oct.
1791, ni. WiUiam Haswell. Samuel tbe f. inherited his father's railitary
spirit Af tho age of seventeen he was a member of the corapany coraraanded
by his father in 1756, and the next year was adjutant of Col. Ruggles' regi
raent. He and his brother Leonard, with their famUies, were raerabers ot the
first company which comraenced the settleraent ot Bennington 18 June 1761.
" He was an active raan in the New York controversy and in the other early
affairs of the town ; in 1768 was chosen town coramittee, in place ot his father,
deceased ; commanded one of the Bennington companies of railitia in Benning
ton Battle; performed other important military services during the war, and
rose to the rank of colonel. In 1777 and 1778 he had charge, as overseer, of
the Tory prisoners; and in 1779 and 1780 represented the town in the Gen
eral Assembly, and was for three years a raeraber of the Board of AVar. He
was the first justice of the peace appointed in town under the authority of
Verraont, in 1778, and was also, during the sarae year, one of the judges of the
Special Court for the south shire of the county, and in that capacity sat on the
trial and conviction of Redding." 2 He d. 3 May 1813, a. 74; his w. Esther
d. 30 Sep. 1843, a. 93.
6. MosKS, s. of Sarauel (3), m. Mary, dau. of Capt Stephen Fay, pub. 25
July 1762; she d. 12 Feb. 1801, and he ra. Susanna, wid. ot Maj. Artemas
1 Memorials of a Century, pp.. 197, 221.
2 md. p. 222.

ROBINSON. 469
•
Howe of N. Br., and dau. of Gen. Jonathan Warner of Hardwick. His chU.,
all b. in Bennington, were Mose.s, h. 16 Nov. 1763, m. Ruth Dewey, and d. 29
or 30 Jan. 1825; Mary, b. 3 Ap. 1765, d. — Nov. 1769; Aaron, h. 4 May
1767, m. Sarah Hopkins, and (2d) :Mary Lyraan; Samuel, h. 10 Feb. 1769, ra.
Samantha Brush, and d. 7 Jan. 1820; Nallian, b. 4 Mar. 1772, ra. Jerusha
Staniford, and d. 27 Sep. 1812 (their son John Staniford Robinson, b. 10 Nov.
1804, grad. AV. C. 1824, a lawyer, representative two years, senator two years.
Governor of Verraont in 1853, res. in Bennington, and d. 24 Ap. 1860 at
Charleston, S. C); Elijah,b. 12 Aug. 1774, d. young; Elijah, b. 15 Mar. 1778,
d. young; Fay, b.  1783, m. Seraph Howe, and d. 2 Nov. 1816. Moses
the f. was one of the foremost citizens of Bennington and ot Verraont. Pie
was elected deacon 22 ^May 1789, and remained in office thi-ouoh life. " He
was chosen town clerk atthe first meeting of the town, and for nineteen years;
colonel of the raUitia, and at the head of his regiraent at Mount Independence
on its evacuation by Gen. St Clair; member of the famous Council of Safety
at the time of the Battle of Bennington, and during the campaign of that
year; chief justice in the Suprerae Court on its first organization, and for ten
years, when he was elected, 17S9, to the office ot governor of the State by tbe
Legislature; in 1782 one ot the agents ot Vermont in the Continental Congress;
and on the admission ot Averment into the Union one of the senators in " Con
gress" 1 in 1791. The degree ot A.M. was conferred on him by Y. C. in 1789,
and by D. C. in 1790. He rem. to Bennington with his father in 1761, and d.
there 26 May 1813; his w. Susanna d. 2 Ap. 1844, a. nearly 77.
7. Silas, s. of Samuel (3), ra. Susanna, dau. ot Thoraas Weeks, 2 Oct 1766,
and had Paul, b. — June 1768, ra. Anna Safford, and d.  1824; Susanna,
h.  1770, m.  Sparrow, and (2d) Wheeler Branch, and d. 2 Nov. 1806 ;
Silas, b. — Mar. 1772, m. Esther Goffe. Silas the f. rem. to Bennington with
his father in 1761. Though less distinguished than his brothers in official
transactions, he exhibited the family energy in the New York controversy, and
was imprisoned in the Albany jail neariy a year for his participation in the
"riots," so styled, but was at last liberated without trial.2 During the Ben
nington Battle, while his brother Moses was performing his arduous duty at ^
the Cataraount Tavern as one of the Committee of Safety, Silas and his broth
ers Leonard and David were in the midst ot the conflict, as raerabers of the
company commanded by their brother Samuel. After the war he is said to
have rem. to St. Albans, where both he and his w. Susanna died.
8. David, s. of Sarauel (3), m. Sarah, dau. of Capt Stephen Fay; she d. 25
Jan. 1801, and hem. Eunice AValbridge; she d. 25 June 1813, and he ra. Nancy,
wid. of George Church of Harttord. His chil. were Sarah, b. 27 May 1775;
David, b. 12 July 1777, grad. AV. C. 1797, a lawyer, res. in Ben., and d. 16 Mar.
1858'; Ruth, b. 8May 1779; Stephen, b. 15 Aug. 1781, a meraber of the Assera
bly and judge of the County Court, ni. Sarah Hubbell, and d. 26 June 1852;
Hiram, b. 10 Aug. 1783, d. 20 Feb. 1784 ; Hiram, b. 15 Feb. 1785, d. — Sep.
1786; Heman,b. 1 Feb. 1787, ra. Betsey Wadsworth, had twelve chih (of
whora Judge Albert D. Robinson was one), and d. 26 Feb. 1837. David the
f. rem. " to Bennington with his father in 1 761, being then a lad of seven years.
He was in the Battle of Bennington as a private in the miUtia, and afterwards
rose by regular promotion to tbe rank of major-general, which office he re
signed about 1817. He was sheriff ot the county for twenty tvvo years, ending
in 1811, when he was appointed United States raarshal for the Vermont Dis
trict, which office he held tor eight years, untd 1819." » He d. 11 or 12 Dec.
1843, a. 89; his w. Nancy d. 18 Dec. 1845, a. 82.
9. Jonathan, s. of Sarauel (3), m. Mary, dau. of John Fassett, and had
Jonathan Edwards, b. 4 Aug. 1777, grad. W. C. 1797, was a lawyer, town
clerk nine years, and judge of the County Court in 1828; Mary, h. 8 Sep.
1781, ra. Col. Orsamus C. MerrUl, and d. 1 Feb. 1831; Henry, b. 26 Aug. 1788;
"he was successively paymaster in the army, clerk in the pension office, brig
adier-general of the militia, and for ten years clerk ot the County and Supreme
I Memorials of a Century, p. 234. 8 Memorials of a Century, p. 239.
2 Thompson's Hist. Vermont, pt. ii. p. 21.

470 ROBINSON.
Court;"! Isaac Tichenor, b. 17 Aug. 1790, m. Maria, dau. of Deac. Aaron
HubbeU, and d.  1866. Jonathan the f , like his father and his elder
brothers, was distinguished for energy and intellectual vigor. " He was a law
yer, and was eariy in public life. He was town clerk six years ; represented
the town thirteen years ; was chiet judge of the Supreme Court from 1801 to
1807. He was then chosen senator to Congress, to fill the vacancy occasioned
by the resignation of Israel Smith; and was also senator forthe succeeding
term of six years, which expired March 3, 1816. In October 1815 he became
judge of probate and held the office for four years, and in 1818 again repre
sented the town in the General Assembly." ^ The degree of A. M. was con
ferred on him by D. C. in 1790. He went to Bennington in his boyhood, and
d. there 3 Nov. 1819, a. 63. His w. Mary d. 15 July 1822, a. 67.
10. Samuel Leonard, s. of Leonard (4), m. Kezia, dau. of Deac. Eben
ezer AVillis, 20 June 1793, and had Susanna, b. 27 Dee 1793, ra. Thoraas El
well, 25 Ap. 1819, and d. 16 Nov. 1822; Clarissa, b. 27 Aug. 1796, m. Ira
Rarasdell 11 May 1823; Chloe. b. 11 Oct 1797, m. Benjarain Rider, Jr., of
Charton, O., 17 Sep. 1827; Marcus, b. 3 Oct 1799, m. Deborah Brown of
Enf. 25 IMar. 1822, and d. 19 M.ar. 1836 (bis w. Deborah m. Alexander Bart
lett of Pelh. 5 Dec. 1838); Adeline, b. 6 Nov. 1803, m. Thomas ElweU 19
Oct. 1823; Ebenezer WUlis, b.  ; besides these he was probably father of
Lucinda, b.  , ra. AVarren Day of N. Sal. 30 Mar. 1829; Samuel L., b.
 , m. Sally S. Moulton 19 Ap. 1835; Kezia, b.  , ra. Warren Billings
of Arab., pub. 20 May 1843; Mary, b.  1814, d. 7 Aug. 1818, a. 4. Sam
uel Leonard the f. was brought here by his mother when a young child,
was a farmer, res. on the westerly border of the town near the southeast cor
ner of Greenwich, at the place raarked " S. Robinson" on the R. Map.
Though not in public life, be exhibited many of the sterling characteristics of
bis race. He d. 18 Jan. 1863, a. nearly 96; his w. Kezia d. 13 July 1856, a. 80.
SECTION IL
Robinson, Thomas, having lost his first w., m. Mary, wid. ot John AA^oody
and dau. ot John Cogan ^ of Boston, 11 Jan. 1652-3; she d. 26 Oct. 1661, and
he ra. wid. Elizabeth Sherman. His chil. were John, b.  , a merchant
(named in his father's will 17 Mar. 1665-6, and then "supposed to be in
England"); Samuel, b.  , a merchant d. unm. 16 Jan. 1661-2, a. 24;
Josiah, b.  , " apprentice to Mr. Joseph Rocke," ^ d. 17 Ap. 1660; Ephra
im, b.  , d. 22 Sep. 1661; Thomas, bap. at Scituate 5 Mar. 1653-4; James,
b. at Boston 14 Mar. 1654-5, d. — Sep. 1676 ; Joseph, bap. 8 Mar. 1656-7, m.
Sarah  , and d. — Ap. 1703; Mary, bap. 28 Feb. 1657-8, d. young; Mary
bap. 6 Nov. 1659, ra. Jacob Green, Jr., of Charlestown 8 Jan? 1676-7i
Thomas the f. was in Scituate as early as 1640, when he bought land of
Williara GUlson, and represented that town in tbe General Court oi Plymouth
at its session in October 1643. He was also deacon, probably of the second
church in Scituate.^ In August and Septeraber, 1654, he bought two estates,
adjoining each other, on the westerly side of Washington Street, directly op
posite to tbe Old South Church, in Boston, bounded on the south by the lot
on which the Province House was afterwards erected, and having a "depth of
two hundred and seventy feet Here he prob. res. during the remainder of
his life, though he seeras to have retained his connection with the church at
Scituate, as all his cbUdren by tbe second marriage, except James, were bap
tized there. There are reasons for believing that he was son of the celebrated
Rev. John Robinson of Leyden, pastor of the Church of Pilgrims which
carae to Plyraouth in 1620. Isaac Robinson, unquestionably a son°of the Rev.
1 Memorials of a Century, p. 248. 4 Joseph Rocke was a merchant, and mar-
2iijrf. p. 244. . . ried a sister of Deacon Robinson's second
" Jotin Cogan (otherwise written Coggan) wife.
is said by Snow {Hist. Boston) to have o Deane's Hist, of Scituate, pp. 35 275
'opened the first shop in Boston; " it was 332, and Plymouth Col. Rec, ii. 63. '
on the northeast corner of Washington and
Stale Streets.

ROBINSON. 471
John Robinson, settled at Scituate at the same time, or at very neariy the
same time, that Thomas made his purchase of a homestead there ; and it is not
unreasonable to infer kinship. At the same time, it must be confessed that no
authentic evidence ot the supposed fact has yet been discovered, and that the
name Thomas is not found in any known catalogue purporting to contain the
names of his children. But whatever his ancestry, Deacon Robinson wrouoht
out a good name for himself, wbich he lett as a rich inheritance to his poster
ity. He d. 23 Mar. 1665-6 ; his w. Elizalieth d. in 1667.
2. Thomas, s. ot Thomas (1), m. Sarah, dau. of Edward Denison ^ of Rox
bury, and had Thomas, b. 5 Nov. 1677, m. Sarah Beswick 26 June 1707, and
d. s. p. 15 Feb. 1729-30; Sarah, bap. 28 Dee 1679, m. John Ingoldsbury 4
May 1704, and (2d) John Perry 27 May 1707; Joseph, bap. 20 Nov. 1681, d.
young; Elizabeth, b. 26 Sep. 1686, d. young; .fames, h. 15 Mar. 1689-90.
Thomas the f. inherited a part of the homestead, where he resided; he also
inherited from his grandfather Cogan the house and store on the northerly
corner of State and AVashington streets. He was a cordwainer, and d. — June
1700; his w. Sarah d. in Roxbury 15 Nov. 1710, a. 53.
3. J.\MES, s. of Thomas (2), m. Patience, dau. of Capt. Samuel Rugoles^ of
Roxbury, 3 July 1711, and had, in Boston, James, b. 1 Mar. 1711-12; Thomas,
b. 15 Sep. 1713, d. young; and in Rochester, Samuel,b. 1 Nov. 1715; Thomas,
b. 20 Ap. 1718; Sarah, b. 9 July 1720, ra. Ebenezer Spooner of Rochester,
pub. 3 Jan. 1745-6; Dorothy, b. 10 Mar. 1722-3, m. David Peckhara 27 Oct.
1743, and (2d) Maj. Elnathan Haskell 26 Nov. 1749, and d. at Roch. 25 Sep.
1810; Denison, b. 16 July 1725; Josepll, b. 13 Sep. 1727; Hannah, b. 16 Nov.
1730, m. Benjarain Green 31 Aug. 1764.^ James the f. was a hou.^ewright;
he inherited the horaestead on AVashington Street, Boston, which he sold 7
Feb. 1711-12, and bought a house on the southerly side of Boylston Street;
this also he sold 12 April 1714, and rem. to Rochester, attracted probably by
the tact that Rev. Timothy Ruggles, a brother of his wife, was there settled
in the ministry. He resided in Roch. untU the spring of 1757, when he ex
changed his farm in Roch. for another in Hardwick, where several ot his chil.
had already settled. Of his eight surviving chU. Dorothy alone remained
in Roch. ; all the others were in Hardwick and Barre. His res. here was on
the road to AVare, about two miles from the Comraon, at the place raarked
"Mr. Leonard" on the R. Map. He d. shortly before 11 Mar. 1762 (when
his wUl was approved), a. 72; his w. Patience d. — Jan. 1768, a. 78.
1 Edward Denison was son of William s A printed Record, preserved in the old-
Denison, one of the earliest inhabitants of est branch of this family, and exhibited to
Roxbury. He had two brothers, — Daniel, me by the widow of Col. Joseph Robinson,
the Maf. -General of the Massachusetts Col- shortly before her death, differs from the
•ony during "Philip's 'War," and George, a text in regard to some ot the dates, which
successtul and distinguished captain of Con- were copied from the official records ot Bos-
necticut troops during the same war ; both ton and Kochester. I give it a place here: —
also rendered important service as legisla- " I, James Robinson, was born the 15th
tors and magistrates. Edward manifested ot March 1689-90.
no taste for military affairs ; but he was use- Patience, my wife, was born November
ful as selectman, town clerk, and representa- 7th 1690.
tive. He m. Elizabeth, dau. ot Capt. Joseph My eldest son James was born February
Weld, had eleven children, and d. 26 Ap. 29th 1711-12. , „ .
1668; his w. Elizabeth d. 5 Feb. 1716-7, a. My second son Thom-as was born Septem-
91. One son and flve daughters survived ber 13th, 1713, and dyed December 16th fol-
him; the son, IFi'ttiam, grad. H.C. 1681, m. lowing. „ , , „ u
Dorothy Weld, was a teacher, .selectman My third son Samuel was born November
four years, town clerk fourteen years, and 1st 1714.
representativeof Roxbury twentv years; he A son, born March lltb 171b-17, ana
d. s. p. 22 Mar. 1717-18, a. 53, and the name lived 12 hours. •,„„,, 171 a
became extinct in this brancli ; of the daugh- My son Thomas was born April 20th 1718.
ters, .ff&aSeiA m. Jachin Rayner ; Margaret My daughter Sarah was born July 9tb
m. Daniel Mason, and from thera descended 1720. „ ,, v. w 1
the eminent lawyer Jeremiah Mason ; Mary My daughter Dorothy was born Febiuary
ra. Joseph Tompson; Hannah m. Ralph 25th 172.3-4. , t 1 lo.i, i-ror;
Bradhurst; and Sarah m. Thomas Robin- My son Denison was born July 16th 1725.
son, as in the text. My son Joseph was born September 13th
2 Cant. Samuel Ruggles m. Martha, dau. 1727. „ , , -kt u
ot Rev. John Woodbridge, by his wife My daughter Hannah was born November
Mercy, dau. of Gov. Thomas Dudley. 16th 1730."

472 ROBLNSON.
4. James, s. ot James (3), m. EUzabeth, dau. of Benjamin Smith, 3 July
1739, and had James, b. 7 Sep. 1740, d. young; Elizabeth, b. 14 Jan. 1742-3,
ra. Asahel Billings, pub. 29 Ap. 1765, and d. 13 Dec. 1826; Joseph, bap. 7
Ap. 1745; Benjamin, bap. 13 Sep. 1747; Patience, bap. 29 July 1750, m.
Joseph Nye pub. 24 Ap. 1771; Hannah, bap. 2 Aug. 1752, m. Benjamin
Jenkins of Barre; Mary, bap. 20 Ap. 1755, m. Nathaniel Ruggles of Pomfret,
Conn.; Sarah, bap. 7 May 1768, prob. d. young; Susan, bap. 20 Ap. 1760,
prob. d. young. James the f. was one ot the very earliest pioneers in what
was then a wUderness, and res. on the River road to Barre, at or near the spot
marked " Col. Robinson " on the R. Map. His farm, bounded easterly on
the river and northerly on the Barre line, was included in New Braintree
when that town was incorporated, and was annexed to Hardwick 10 June
1814. He was distinguished for his industry, economy, and strict honesty;
and, as a natural result, he accuraulated a comparatively large estate. It is
related, as one of his peculiarities, that he held corn at a fixed value; that he
would never sell his crop at a less nor even at a greater price ; that lie once
rebuked a, neighbor for taking what he called an extortionate price, who ex
cused himself saying, that he could not well spare the corn, but the woman in
sisted on having it. "A woraan I " said he; " so much the worse I " " But
she offered rae so rauch." " Then you should have beaten her down." He
d. 21 May 1790, a. 78 ; his w. Elizabeth, who fully equalled him in industry
and economy, survived him.
5. Samuel, s. of James (3), ra. Elizabeth, dau. ot Joseph Doty, .Jr., of
Rochester, 20 Oct. 1737, and bad Samuel, b. 22 Nov. 1742; Sarah, b. 31 Oct
1744, m. Aaron Hunt 24 Oct. 1766; Isaac, b. 20 Jan. 1746-7, a physician,
settled in Chesterfield about 1771, ret. to Hk. about 1782, and after 1 Mar.
1788 rem. to Stamford, Vt ; Joseph, b. 29 Feb. 1752. Samuel the f. was a
weaver; be rem. from Rochester to Hardwick before 13 May 1740, at which
date he bought a farm on the River road to Barre, adjoining the estate of his
brother Jaraes, and prob. res. there until 31 Aug. 1762, when he purchased of
his sister Hannah their father's homestead on the AVare road. His death
does not appear on record; but the widow of his son Joseph informed rae,
many years ago, that he d. in Mar. 1784, and that his w. Elizabeth rera. to
Verraont (prob. to Stamford, where her son Isaac resided), and d. about 1806,
a. 88.
6. Thomas, s. of James (3), m. Mary, dau. of Capt. Eleazar AVarner, 23
Nov. 1744, and had Denison, b. 18 Sep. 1746 ; Thomas, b. 10 Feb. 1753 ; Mary,
b. 3 Dec. 1768, ra. Timothy Paige, Esq., 20 Jan. 1780, and d. 29 Mar. 1836.
Thomas the f. came to Hardwick when a young man, and at first enoaoed in
farming. He resided on the River road to Barre, on the farra adjoining that
of his brother Samuel. Within a few years, however, he rera. to the Furnace
Village, and res. at the place marked " T- Elwell " on the R. Map (now the
residence of Mr. Joseph N. Lincoln). Here be kept a store and tavern, and
also managed a saw-raill and grist-inill, on Moose Brook. He was prosperous
in business, insomuch that only three persons in the town were assessed for a
larger property than his in 1776; but of this plentiful estate he sacrificed the
larger part, if not absolutely the whole, in tbe Revolutionary contest, in which
he was actively engaged from the beginning to the end. He was one of the
grand jurors who refused, 19 Ap. 1774, to be impanelled at AVorcester if
Peter Oliver, the chief justice, should be present He was elected lieutenant
ot an "Alarm List" 9 Jan. 1775, and was afterwards styled captain. He
was a selectraan five years, a raember ot the Committee of Correspondence
five years, and served on various other important coraraittees durino that
troublous period. He sold bis real estate, consisting of one hundred and fifty
acres, in five parcels, in and near the Furnace VUlage, with the saw-mill and
grist-mill, to Capt Benjarain Convers 19 Oct 1780, for £20,000, in the de
preciated currency of that period, and subsequently rem. to Windsor, but re
turned again after a few years. About 1799, his raental faculties havino be
corae impaired, and both ot his sons having- left the town, he and his°aoed
wife became inmates ot their daughter's family, where he d. 4 (or 5) Jan.

ROBINSON. 473
1802, a. neariy 84; his w. Mary d. 7 Aug. 1812, a. 88. Her youngest and last
surviving grandchUd, wbUe tracing these lines, cherishes a fresh and affec
tionate reraenibrance of her manifold kindness to him in the days ot his child
hood and youth.
7. Dexison, s. ot James (3), m. Martha, dau. of Elijah Perry of Sandwich,
12 Oct. 1752, and had at Rochester, Lucy, bap. 5 Aug. 1763, d. young; and at
Barre, Lucy, b. 1 Mar. 1766, ni. Araos Parker 25 Deo. 1771; Abigail, b. 15
July 1756, ra. Abel Haynes; Martha, b. 12 Jan. 1760, m. Ebenezer Haskell 26
May 1779; Elizabeth, b. 28 May 1761 ; Denison, b. 9 Aug. 1763; Elijah, b. 24
Mar. 1765; Hannah, b. 25 Aug. 1767, ra. John Allen 18 Dee 1788. Denison
the f. rem. to Barre about 1754, res. near the Hardwick Une, and d. prob. Nov.
1803, a. 78; his w. Martha d. 28 Oct 1807, a. 84.
8. Joseph, s. ot Jaraes (3), iii. Martha, dau. of Elisha Hedge, pub. 7 July
1753, and had Mary, b. 3 June 1754, m. Abijah Jennison 5 Dec. 1771; Dorothy,
b. 23 Feb. 1766, ra. Dr. Daniel Rood 27 Mar. 1777; Lemuel, b. 4 Jan. 1758;
Martha, b. 23 Nov. 1759, m. Daniel AVentworth; Samuel Hedge, b. 26 Jan.
1761, ifi. AbigaU Ripley 26 Nov. 1786; Elishua, b. 19 Jan. 1763, prob. d.
young; besides these si.x others are named in their father's will, dated 26 Mar.
1814, naraely, Levi, b.  , ra. Betsey Nye 20 Sep. 1798; James; Joseph;
Lydia, wife ot Benjainin Rice; Elizabeth, wife of Tiraothy Cooper; Rebecca.
Joseph the f. reraoved early to Barre, and res. near his brother James; be d.
16 Dec. 1814, a. 87; his w. Martha was not naraed in his will, and had probably
deceased before its date.
9. Joseph, s. of James (4), m. Lucy, dau. of Samuel Ruggles of Barre, 16
Feb. 1780, and had WUliam, b. 24 Oct. 1781; Sarah, b. 25 May 1788, m. Lewis
Howe, pub. 21 Aug. 1808, and (2d) Hon. John M. Niles of Hartford 17 June
1824; James, b. 7 Ap. 1792; Josejih, b. 20 Juile 1796; Lucy, b. 23 Oct 1802,
d. 25 Mar. 1803. Joseph the f. was a thrifty farmer, res. on the very pro
ductive homestead, and d. 23 Ap. 1836, a. 91; his w. Lucy d. 4 Aug. 1826,
a. 68.
10. Benjamin, s. of James (4), res. in Barre; his will, dated 3 Sep. 1793,
with a codicil, 3 Sep. 1799, was proved 1 Oct.J799. In it are named wife
Hannah, andchU. ^jina Gates^ Susanna Henry; James; Benjamin; Hannah,
wife of Orin Trow; Joseph; John; Josiah; Moses; Cushman; Ebenezer; and
Daniel Foster.
11. Samuel, s. of Sarauel (5), m. Abigail, prob. dau. of Edward Doty (and
sister of Zurishaddai), pub. 10 Ap. 1762, and had James, b. 1 Ap. 1764; Betsey,
b. 25 July 1766, ra. David Weeks 22 May 1783; Isaac, b. 14 July 1769; Sam
uel, b. 12' Sep. 1771.
12. Joseph, s. of Samuel (5), m. Sarah, dau. of Isaac Clark, 30 Sep. 1773,
and had Cinderilla, b. 10 Feb. 1780, m. Zenas Cobb 1 Dec. 1803, and d. 9 May
1804; Joseph, b. 21 June 1782; Thomas Holt, b. — Mar. 1791, d. 13 Jan. 1792;
Arminda, bap. 31 Mar. 1793. "Joseph the f. was a raUler, and res. on tbe road
to Gilbertville, a few rods north ot the spot raarked " Wid. Howard " on the
R. Map, having charge of the grist-raill at that place. He d. 6 June 1799, a.
47; his w. Sarah m. Jaraes Blair of Western (now Warren) 26 Mar. 1805;
after his death she returned to Hk., res. with her son Joseph, and d. 16 Dec.
1844, a. 87.
13. Denison, s. of Thomas (6),m. Millecent, dau. of Rev. Robert Cutler
of Gr., pub. 10 Ap. 1769; she d. 5 July 1798, and he ra. Elizabeth Hyde of
Lenox about 1801. His chil. were Mary, b. 18 Oct. 1769, ra. Alpheus Prince,
and d. s. p. 11 Sep. 1829; Alice, b. 1 July 1771, ra. Daniel Felshaw, and d. 1
Feb. 1792; Hannah, b. 10 June 1773, d. unm. 7 July 1796; Josiah Quincy, b.
31 July 1776; Sophia, b. 19 Aug. 1778, d. unm. 12 May 1855; Denison, b. 29
Dee 1780 ; Robert Cutler, b. 12 Mar. 1785 ; Thomas, b. 20 Dec. 1787. Denison
the t. was a farraer; he was sergeant ot Capt. Simeon Hazeltine's company of
minute-raen which raarched to Cambridge on the "Lexington alarm " in April
1775, and was coraraissioned captain ot the second company of railitia in Hk.
«11 June 1778; he was a member also of the important Committee of Corre
spondence in 1778. About 1780 he rem. to AVindsor, and res. there for several

474 ROBINSON.
years; late in life he followed his sons to Adams, where he d. 17 Nov. 1827,
a. 81 ; his w. Elizabeth d. about 1829.
14. Thomas, s. of Thoraas (6), ra. Rebecca, dau. of John Paige, 11 Ap.
1776, and had Prudence, h. 4 Oct 1778, d. unra. 20 Aug. 1832; Mary, b. 6
Oct 1780, ra. GUes Bronson, and d. 15 May 1842; Thomas, b. 23 Nov. 1782;
a son b. 30 Dec. 1784, lived only one day ; Jolm Paige, b. 7 Jan. 1786 ; Rebecca,
b. 3 Nov. 1787, ra. AVilliam Cobb, and ('2d) Eliphaz Case; she d. 4 July 1872;
David, b. 7 Oct 1790; Alice, h. 2 Nov. 1792, m. Giles Case, Jr., and d. 13
May 1844; Millecent, b. 7 Mar. 1795, d. unra. 7 Sep. 1814 ; Warner, b. 11 May
1797, a lawyer, d. unm. at Alexander, N. Y., 22 Jan. 1827; Denison, b. 2 June
1800. Thomas the t. was a farmer. He was ope of the " rainute-men " who
marched to Carabridge at the coraraencement of hostiUties, 19 Ap. 1775, and
was a sergeant in Capt Sarauel Dexter's corapany, at the Roxbury Carap,_ in
Jan. 1776, and also sergeant in the corapany ot Capt Tiraothy Paige, which
marched "to Bennington in an alarm," in Aug. 1777. He rera. from Hk. to
Windsor about 1785, returned about 1791, and in 1799 rem. to Onondaga,
N. Y., then nearly on the western frontier of civilization. He res. in tlrat part
of tbe town now known as Hewlett Hill, on a productive farm, and in a re
markably harmonious neighborhood. His nef^est neighbor was Giles Case, an
emigrant from Conneoticut; four children of eacli faraily intermarried with
each other, and raany of their posterity still reraain in Onondaga and the
region round about , He d. 31 Aug. 1815, a. 62; his w. Rebecca d. 3 Oct. 1828,
a. nearly 71.
15. Denison, s. of Denison (7), m. Dorcas Allen 30 Dee 1790, and had
Hannah, b. 28 May 1792; Daniel, b. 2 May 1795; Harriet, b. 4 Oct 1798;
Denison Allen, b. 17 Aug. 1800, res. in Barre, where he d. 6 Nov. 1880; Eunice
Putnam, b. 23 Jan. 1803; Nabby, b. 15 July 1804; Louisa, b. 17 Sep. 1806.
Denison the t., a farraer, res. on the homestead in Barre, near the Hardwick
line, and d. 14 Ap. 1858, a. nearly 95; his w. Dorcas d. 21 l\Iay 1838, a. 70.
16. Elij'ah, s. of Denison (7), m. Bathsheba Nye, pub. 31 May 1786, and
had Samuel Ruggles, b. 14 Oct 1788; Nancy, b. 15 Aug. 1790 ; Denison, b.
25 Jan. 1796.
17. VA''iLLiAM, s. ot Joseph (9), m. Mary, dau. ot Jonathan Warner 28
Nov. 1809, and had WUliam, b. 30 Sep. 1810, m. Harriet N. Bemis 7 Nov.
1839; Mary, b. 20 Feb. 1813, ra. Harrison Harwood 22 Nov. 1832 ; .'ially, b.
21 Nov. 1815, m. Samuel Smith, 17 Aug. 1841, and d. 29 Aug. 1863 ; Maria,
b. 5 Dec. 1818, m. Moses Ruggles 26 May 1841, devoted a portion of ber time
and attention to the practice of medicine; Lucy, b. 27 Ap. 1822, m. Charles
Bacon 31 Oct 1844; Hannah, b. 10 Jan. 1827', m. Alexander W. EUsworth
6 Ap. 1853 ; James, b. 2 Dec. 1830, d. 25 Nov. 1832; Charles, b. 29 July 1834,
m. Mary Henry 21 May 1860. William the f. early settled in Barre, and
tor several years kept a tavern on the Comraon. -He d. 21 Aug. 1862, a. nearly
81 ; his w. Mary d. 13 Oet 1866, a. about 77.
18. Joseph, s. ot Joseph (9), ra. Ann Maria, dau. ot Nathan Ruggles of
Hartford, Conn., 11 Dec. 1821; she d. 14 Dec. 1822, and he m. CaroUne C,
dau. of Capt. Seth Banister of Brookfield, 2 Feb. 1826. His chil. were
Catherine Maria, b. 18 Nov. 1822, m. James Gallier, at Charleston, S. C, 23
June 1860; both she and her husband were lost on their passage from New
York to New Orleans on board the stearaer Evening Star, which foundered at
sea 3 Oct 1866; Joseph Ruggles, b. 16 Jan. 1827; Seth Banister, h. 14 Mar.
1828, m. Carrie M. Lee of New York 12 June 1860; Lewis Howe, b. 7 Oct.
1829, d. 7 Oct 1848; Jolm Niles, b. 29 Mar. 1833, m. Elizabeth Brown of
Brimfield 17 May 1869; Eliza A., b. 7 May 1842; WiUiam A., b. 18 Jan.
1847, d. 27 Aug. 1848. Joseph the t. was afarmer, and res. on the horae
stead in Hk. untU about 1840, when he rem. to Barre , He was a selectraan
1827, 1828, and 1830, and colonel of a regiraent of cavalry. He d. 10 July
1877, a. 81; his w. CaroUne C. (b. 6 Jan. 1806) d. 11 July 1879.
19. Joseph, s. ot Joseph (12), m. Rachel, dau. ot Capt. Elijah AVarner,
2 Ap. 1811, and had .loseph Warner, b. 1 Sep. 1814; Elijah Warner, b. 31
Jan. 1821, m. Elizabeth Eunice, dau. ot Asa Clark, 23 Oct 1855; she d. 19

ROBINSON. 475
Mar. 1881; Jason Mixter, b. 6 Oct. 1822, res. on the homestead; Harriet
Jane, b. 6 Ap. 1831, m. William Browning 5 Ap. 1849; he d. 16 Mar. 1858,
and she ra. Albert E. Knight 5 Ap. 1866, and d. 16 Sep. 1869; Sarah M.,
b.  1834, ra. Joseph R. Robinson 20 June 1854. Joseph the f. was a
farmer, and for several years cultivated the General AVarner farm in the
centre of the town (now owned by Mr. Frazier Paige), where also he kept a
tavern ; he afterwards bought the Jenney farm, on the road to AA^are, about
two miles and three quarters frora the Common, raarked " J. Robinson" on
the R. Map, where he res. during the remainder of his life. He was a select
man three years, and d. 23 Oct 1854, a. 72; his w. Rachel d. 6 Oct 1863,
a. 75.
20. Josiah Quincy, s. of Denison (13), m. Sally Brown 23 July 1797,
and had Daniel Denison, b. 29 Ap. 1798, a lawyer in Adams, ra. Amelia
Bowles, had son Josiah Quincy, and d. 14 Oct 1827; Benjamin Franklin, b.
3 Dee 1801, m. Eliza B. AVhitmore, a raerchant and civil magistrate, res. in
Adaras (now North Adams). Josiah Quincy the f., born in Hardwick, was
carried with the family to Windsor, and there worked on the farm until he
attained manhood. He was afterwards a successful merchant and civil mag
istrate in Adams, and stiU later in North Adams, where he d. 29 Aug. 1856,
a. 80; his w. Sally d. 14 Mar. 1856.
21. Denison, s. of Denison (13), m. Lydia Jenks, and had Robert Jenks,
b.  , who settled in Verraont. Denison the f . coramenced business, with
a fair prospect of success, but died prematurely 27 Nov. 1807, a. not quite
27 years.
22. Robert Cutler, s. of Denison (13), ra. Sophia, dau. ot Rev. James
Briggs of Curamington, and had Albert Denison, b. 5 Sep. 1809, in. Aray
Keiley 12 Feb. 1833; Clara Anne, b. 10 July 1812, ra. Jaraes E. Marshall, of
Bradford, England, 11 Sep. 1839, res. in Sandusky, O.; Harriet S., b. 17
Jan. 1820, ra. Joseph P. Merriam 31 Oct 1846; Robert Henry, b. 24 July
1824, m. Mary Cone 27 June 1849; Mary Elizabeth, b. 14 Oct 1826, ra.
George P. Dickinson 27 June 1849; George, b. 10 June 1830, d. (drowned)
17 June 1861. Robert Cutler the f. was a skilful physician in Adaras,
Cunimington, and North Adams; he d. 10 May 1846, a. 61; his w. Sophia d.
25 Sep. 1874, a. 86.
23. Thomas, s. of Denison (13), b. in AVindsor, m. Nancy WeUs 13 May
1812; she d. — Mar. 1827, and he m. Catherine McLeod — Sep. 1829. His
chih were Millecent Cutler, b. 12 Ap. 1813, m. F. O. Sayles, Esq., and d. 31
Jan. 1862; Ann Eliza, b. 29 Ap. 1815, m.Dr. Nathan Snell Babbitt; Mary
Sophia, b. 16 May 1817, m. Jackson Mason of Richraond, Vt; James Thomas,
b. 6 Sep. 1822, a lawyer, a senator, clerk of the Constitutional Convention,
1853, and judge of probate for Berkshire County; received from AV. C. the
honorary degree ot A. M. in 1855; he m. Clara Briggs, and his only surviv
ing son, Arthur, b. 15 Mar. 1847, grad. W. C. 1870, is associated with him in
the publication ot the Adams Transcript ; Nancy W., b. 20 June 1826, d. 13
Oct. 1826; Alexander McLeod, b. 8 Sep. 1830; Margaret Maria, b. 14 Mar.
1833, m. Lyndon Smith ot Terre Haute, Ind.; Elizabeth Rupalee, b. 5 Aug.
1836, ra. Albert R. Smith; John Cutler, b. 4 Oct. 1839, a captain of volunteers
in the War of the Rebellion; Charles Henry, b. 2 Sep. 1841; William Deni
son, b. 1 Aug. 1844. Thomas the f. was a lawyer, and held a high rank at
the Berkshire Bar; he received frora W. C. the honorary degree of A. M. in
1828; he res. in Adaras, and afterwards in North Adams, where he d. 3 Oct.
1867, a. nearly 80; his w. Catherine S. d. — July 1863.
^/ 24. Thomas, s. of Thoraas (14), m. Abigail, dau. of Giles Case, 28 May
1809, and had Thomas Newton, b. 24 May 1810, d. 7 June 1811; AbigaU
Tamma, b. 28 June 1812, m. Sarauel E. Barker 25 Jan. 1832, res. in Geddes,
N. Y.; Emily Millecent, b. 14 Ap. 1814, d. unm. 7 Sep. 1856; Thomas, h. 2
Sep. 1816, m. Celestia S. Howlett 5 Oct 1841, res. in Geddes, N. Y.
Thomas the f. was a distiUer and trader, res. in Onondaga, where he d. 25
June 1817, a. 34; his w. AbigaU d. 20 Oct 1854, a. 66.
25. John Paige, s. of Thomas (14), m. Lucy Matteson 7 Sep. 1812, and

476 ROBINSON.
had Lydia Louisa, b. 5 Aug. 1813, d. 7 Sep. 1815; John Quincy, b. 18 Ap.
1815, ra. Eliza Srailey 10 Sep. 1836; she d. 10 Jan. 1845, and he m. Philenda
B. Srailey — Sep. 1845; she d. 2 July 1851, and he m. Helen Cornelia BaU
— Nov. 1851 ; he d. in 1866, havino had eight children, ot whom only one sur
vived him; Lucy, b. 18 July 1817; Eunice, b. 17 Jan. 1820, ra. AViUiam C.
Butler 22 Nov. 1842, res. in Syracuse; Evelina, b. 9 Sep. 1822, d. unm. 24
July 1844; Denison, b. 24 Ap. 1825, ra. Sarah J. Hart 18 Nov. 1847, a farmer,
res. in Onondaga. John P. the f. was a farmer, res. on a part of tho home
stead, d. 7 Sep. 1870, a 84.1
26. David, s. of Thomas (14) m. Dorcas, dau. of Giles Case, 24 Nov.
1816, and had LurancyD., b. 25 Oct 1817, m. Cephas J. Strickland, and d.
18 Dec. 1856; Lucius David, b. 20 Mar. 1820, m. Alzira Johnson 13 July 1852,
a fanner, res. near tbe homestead until 1879, when he rem. to Middleport,
N. Y.; Giles Case, b. 26 Feb. 1822, d. unra. 28 June 1863; Cornelia L., b.
2 Mar. 1825, m. Philander S. AVhite of Geddes; Elishaba, b. 28 Ap. 1827, m.
Horace Knowles of MarceUus, N. Y. ; Rebecca Paige, b. 15 July 1829 ; Thomas,
b. 26 Mar. 1832, ra. Louisa Plumb, a farmer, res. on the homestead. David
the f. was a farmer, res. on a part of the homestead in Onondaga, and d. 30
Oct 1866, a. 76; his w. Dorcas d. 10 May 1874, a. nearly 83.
27. Denison, s. of Thomas (14), ra. Saviah Mason, and had a dau. b.  ,
d. young; Mary Elizabeth, b.  , m.  ; William, b.  , a lawyer in
St.' Louis ; Denison, b.  , d. young. Denison the f. was a lawyer, res. at
Port Byron, N. Y., and d. 4 May 1852.
28. Joseph R., s. of Joseph (18), in. Sarah M., dau. of Joseph Robinson,
20 June 1854; and had Josep>h,b. 6 June 1858; William Albert, b. i Jnne
1860; Carrie Warner, b. 16 Dec. 1862. Joseph R. the f. res. several years
on the homestead, and afterwards at the north end of the Coramon.
29. AVilliam D., s. ot George AV. of Barre, m. Susan S. Davis 5 Ap. 1871,
and had here Walter M., b. 18 Oct 1872; Alice Etta, b. 8 Ap. 1878; Alfred
Edwin, b. 3 Ap. 1880, d. 17 Sep. 1880; Fanny E. S., b. 5 Aug. 1881.
SECTION HI.
Robinson, Jonathan, of Raynham, ra. Phebe Williams ot Norton, and
had Phebe, b. about 1779, in. Stephen HaskeU 27 Dec. 1801 ; Jonathan, b. 17
July 1781; Williams, b. about 1783, d. 15 Mar. 1811, a. 27. Jonathan the
f. d. at Raynhara while yet a young man, prob. about 1787. His w. Phebe
" was a woraan of great energy and enterprise. Left in early life a widow
with three young children, and having but small means, and tbe support of her
faraily depending mainly upon her own exertions, she took her children and
went to Dana, where a brother lived. While there she had an opportu
nity to purchase a farra in the north part ot Hardwick; and by her own skil
ful manageraent not only paid for it, but added rauch to its buildings." ^ Her
house was on the road to Petershara, three railes and a quarter from the Cora
mon, atthe place marked" J. Robinson "on the R. Map. She d. 19 Feb. 1831,
a. 76. V
2. Jonathan, s. ot Jonathan (1), ra. Huldah AVoodward of Pet., pub. 30
Oct 1808, and had John Fay, b. 13 Feb. 1809; Almeda, twin, b. 6 Oct 1810,
d. 14 Mar. 1816; Samantha, twin, b. 6 Oct. 1810, m. Rev. William B. Stone of
AV. Brk.; Phebe WUliams, b. 12 Mar. 1813, ra. Rev. William B. Stone of AV.
Brk. 16 Feb. 1842, and d. 12 Nov. 1852; Martha, b. 25 Nov. 1814; Cyrus
Anson, b. 10 Sep. 1816; Charles, b. 21 July 1818; Jonathan Edwards, b. 23
Aug. 1820, d. 18 May 1824; WUliam W., b. 26 Mar. 1822; Alfred, b. 26 Dec.
1824, ra. Julia A. Powers, pub. 27 July 1862, res. at Fitchburg, and at Sinclair,
Kan.; d. at AV. Brk. 22 Aug. 1878, and was buried here. Jonathan the f.
was a farmer, and res. on his raother's horaestead until 1865, when be rera. to
Spencer, where he d. 10 Oct 1858, a. 77; his w. Huldah d. at VV. Brk. 24
Jan. 1870, a. 88.
¦¦ It is worthy of remark that John P. Rob- Windsor, were the longest livers and the
inson, his sister Rebecca, and his brother last survivors of their father's family.
David, all born on the Green Mountain at > MS. letter from Rev. William 13. Stone.

ROBINSON — ROGERS. 477
3. Charles, s. of Jonathan (2), m. Sarah Adams ot AV. Brk., and had two
chU., both ot whora d. in intancy; she d. and he ra. (2d) Sara T., dau. of
Myron Lawrence, Esq., of Belchertown. A brief sketch of his eventful life
was published in the Commonwealth, at Topeka, Kansas, January 18, 1877,
under the head of "Senate Directory:" "Charies Robinson of Lawrence
was born in Hardwick, Massachusetts, July 21, 1818, received an acaderaic
education and passed two years iit Amherst College, but left on account of ill
health; studied medicine at Pittsfield Medical College, and graduated as M. D.
in 1843; practised medicine at Belchertown, Springfield, and Fitchburg; went
to California in 1849, was elected to the California Legislature, serving one
term; returned to Fitchburg in 1851; resumed practice as a physician; in
1864 published a journal of his trip through Kansas in 1849; this led to
his appointment as agent ot the New England Emigrant Aid Society ; removed
to Kansas in 1854, and took an active and well-known part in the struggle
which followed ; was twice elected Governor under the Topeka Constitution
of 1855; was elected first Governor of the State ot Kansas under the AVyan-
dotte Constitution; has served many years as Regent of the State University;
was a member of the House in 18 72 ; was elected to the Senate in 1874, and
was reelected in 1876."
4. Daniel, of Monson, m. Anna Bridges 28 Ap. 1788, and had Aloan, b.
20 Oct. 1788, d. at Deerfield 8 Nov. 1864 ; a child b. — Mar. 1790, d. 3 May
1790, a. five weeks; Arathusa, twin, b. 13 Oct. 1794; Minerva, twin, b. 13
Oct 1794, d. unm. at Deerfield 1 Mar. 1872; a child which d. 7 Aug. 1806.
Daniel the f. may have rem. to Deerfield ; his name early disappears from
our records.
5. Nathan, m. Hannah Grant of Barre 16 Oct 1804, and had Nathan
Warren, b. 20 Mar. 1806, ra. Persis AVright 5 Jan. 1853, and d. 17 Mar. 1876;
Betsey Field, b. 12 Sep. 1807, m. Justus Allen 21 Nov. 1831, and d. 4 Dec.
1876; Joseph Williams, b. 25 Sep. 1809; Lucinda, b. 9 Aug. 1811; Philip
Rosann Grant, b. 13 Aug. 1813. Nathan the f. d. 18 May 1813, a. 34; his
w. Hannah survived and buried an infant who d. 2 Feb. 1822, a. four raonths.
6. Daniel (possibly s. of Daniel (4)), m. Rhoda Goddard, of Pet., pub.
1 Oct 1831, and had Daniel Lewis, b.  ; David Franklin, b. 26 Feb.
1846. 7. Ebenezer W., ra. Susan Bartlett of Pelh., pub. 9 Dec. 1842, and had
Lizzie Augusta, b. 29 June 1861 ; and prob. others.
8. Frank, by w. Maria, had Emma, b. 14 Dec. 1870.
9. AVilliam D., of Barre, m. Susan S. Davis 5 Ap. 1871, and had, in Hk.,
Walter M., b. 18 Oct 1872; Jenny M., b.  1876, d. 12 Oct 1877; Alice
Etta, b. 8 Ap. 1878.
Hannah, was pub. to Isaiah Carpenter 24 Feb. 1762. Mary, m. Joseph
Nye, pub. 10 Mar. 1805. Josiah, m. Elizabeth AValker of N. Sal., pub. 2
Nov. 1806. Charlotte, ra. Jesse Paige 4 Sep. 1823. John P., of Brk., ra.
Eliza Ann, dau. of Stephen Rice, Jr., 18 Feb. 1835, and rera. to Boston, where
he d. 5 Aug. 1882, a. 73. Phinehas L., of Bennington, m. Elizabeth Clark,
pub. 30 Mar. 1836. Jacob, in. Rachel Davis 25 July 1836; she d. at Green
wich 16 Feb. 1879, a. 60. Joseph, of Arab., m. Alraira Richardson 31 Dec.
1840. Nelson, of Norwich, Vt., m. Abigail Morton 12 Jan. 1841. Sarah,
m. Alexander Bartlett of Pelh., pub. 15 Nov. 1841. Arathusa M., of Barre,
m. Gershom P. Wright, pub. 10 Feb. 1849. Alice A., ra. Charles S. Turner
24 Nov. 1853. Harriet A., of Barre, m. Warren W. Barnes, pub. 10 May
1854. Caroline, of Enfield, m. BUlings Curamings, pub. 24 Dec. 1855.
Melissa, ra. BiUings Cumraings, pub. 21 Dec. 1857. Clara, m. Monroe
Turner 4 Mar. 1868. Drusilla, ot Barre, m. David Wyatt 9 Jan. 1873.
Philena, of Barre, m. Edgar F. Stone 29 Jan. 1873. Ella, m. Norraan
Bartlett of Orange 1 July 1873. Emma A., of Barre, m. J. Warren PatriU
22 Aug. 1876.
Rogers, Benjamin, m. Mehetabel, dau. of James Fay, 10 Sep. 1760; she
d. 1761 or 1762, and he m. Teraperance Phinney 6 Ap. 1763. His chil. were
John, b. 6 Dec. 1761; Gershom, b. 6 May 1764; Benjamin, b. 26 Dec. 1766;

478 ROGERS — ROSS.
Naomi, bap. 26 Dec. 1768; Rebecca, bap. 14 Oct 1770. Benjamin the f.
was recoraraended to the church in Ashfield, 24 Jan. 1775.
2.
23 Nov
Sep. 11...., ... ^* , ^.^ — .^, ...  ,,  , — , . , - £
a. 5; and perhaps others. James the f. was a cordwainer, and rem. from
Kinoston to Hk. before 6 Nov. 1766, at which date he bought a farm in^the
northeriy part of the town, at or near the place marked " Wid. Rogers on
the R. Map. He d. 7 July 1823, a. 78 ; bis w. Hannah d. 18 Oct. 1835, a. 86.
3. Martin, s. of James (2), m. Elizabeth, dau. of Seth Taylor, 30 Nov.
1797, and had James Phinney, b. 16 July 1799; Irena, b. 12 Jan. 1802; Seth
Taylor, b. 29 Aug. 1804, d. 14 Jan. 1819 ; Dorus Dwight, b. 9 June 1806 ;
Mary (or Mercy) Taylor, b. 29 Aug. 1808, d. unm. 5 Dec. 1841; Convers Cut
ler, b. 24 Jan. 1811, ra. Mary L. Smith 20 June 1833, and rem. to AVare ;
Rhoda Taylor, b. 15 June 1813, m. Zeraira F. Shumway 11 Feb. 1835; Ar
minda Spooner, b. 25 Nov. 1815, m. Cutler Barnes 20 Dec. 1837; Fidelia Fay,
b. 6 Mar. 1818, ra. George P. Danforth of Dana, pub. 4 Ap. 1843 ; Eunice Ann,
b. 23 Aug. 1820, m. Horace Terry, pub. 7 Ap. 1843. Martin the f. res. in
the northerly part of the town, but perhaps rem. to Gr. after the death of his
wife, where he was drowned in a well, 23 Feb. 1867, a. 86 ; his w. Elizabeth
d. here 14 Nov. 1853, a. nearly 76.
4. Medad, s. of Jaraes (2), ra. Cynthia Parkhurst 12 Nov. 1810, and had
Roxana, b. 20 June 1811; Charles, b. 17 Aug. 1814, d. at Springf. 11 Aug.
1873; Pamelia, b. 1 Mar. 1816. Medad the f. res. on or near the homestead,
and d. 26 Jan. 1824.
5. James P., s. ot Martin (3), m. Eliza Shumway 5 Mar. 1822, and had
Enos, b.  1824, d. at Springf. 15 Jan. 1854, a. 29; Warren F., b. about
1843. James P. thef. d. 5 June 1876, a. nearly 77; his w. Eliza d. 8 Aug.
1881, a. 81.
6. DoRUS Dwight, s. of Martin (3), m. Susanna G. Bond 1 Dec. 1831.
Their s. Joseph J., b. about 1838, was a soldier in the late Civil War, and was
killed in the battle of the AA^Uderness, 6 May 1864, a. 26.
7. Warren F., s. of James P. (5), m. Catherine E. Presho, 7 May 1876,
and had Charles Warren, b. 30 July 1877 ; Minnie E., b. 1 Dec. 1880.
8. Seth, m. Sally Ann Bartlett 2 May 1845, and had Sarah A., b. 
1849, d. 22 Aug. 1852, a. 3.
9. Anthony, b. in Canada, ra. Lucy  , and had Lucy, b. 27 Dec. 1862 ;
Julia, b. 8 Nov. 1864; Anthony, b. 6 July 1866; Ellen, b. 10 June 1871 ; Ro
sanna, b. 17 Dec. 1873 ; Joseph, b. 5 July 1876; Mary, b. 1 May 1878; Emma,
b. 23 Mar. 1881.
Martha, ot Gr., m. Tiraothy Gilbert, pub. 13 Oct 1771. Betsey, m.
Phineas RoUins 12 Sep. 1793. Susanna, m. Nathan Phinney of AA'^illiaras-
burg 19 Jan. 1794. Sally, ra. Dorus Dwight of AVillianisburg, 29 Nov. 1798.
(The before-naraed Betsey, Susanna, and Sally were prob. daughters of
James 2.) Obadiah, ra. Lydia Reed of Wendell, pub. 3 Ap. 1815, and rem.
to Tecuraseh, Mich. Joshua, of Enf., m. Sally Reed, pub. 6 Oct 1817.
Edmund, ra. Rebecca Woodward ot Ware, pub. 24 Jan. 1820. Eliza Jane,
of Barre, in. Frederick D. Ruggles 14 June 1859. Franklin E., of Gr., m.
Carrie E. Newland 16 Sep. 1866. Wid. Sarah d. 17 Dee 1879, a. 81.
Clarence, d. 23 July 1880, a. 17.
Ropes, George, of Portland, m. Charlotte, dau. ot Constant Ruggles, Esq.,
pub. 9 July 1832.
Rose, Elizabeth, was pub. to Isaac Pratt 24 Jan. 1756 ; the banns were
forbidden, and she was pub. 15 Feb. 1756, to Larkin Green, whom she married
soon afterwards.
Ross, Hannah, m. Jonas Bridges 16 Feb. 1806. Ro-wena, ot Brk., m.
Uriel Spooner, pub. 26 May 1816. Sarah, of Brk., m. Henry Fish, Jr., pub.
21 Sep. 1823. Jeannette, m. Alfred Greenwood 14 Mar. 1871. Char
lotte E., of Barre, ra. Samuel K. Trow 5 June 1876. Samuel, m. Jessie
Kennedy 23 Dec. 1876.

RUGGLES. 479
Ruggles, Thomas, m. Mary Curtis at Nazing, Essex Co., England, 1 Nov.
1620, and had Thomas, b. about 1623, d. in England; John, b. about 1625,
m. Abigail, dau. of Griffin Crafts, 24 Jan. 1650-1, and had four sons, three
ot whom, — John, Thomas, and Samuel, — survived hiin ; he d., or was
buried 15 Sep. 1658; Sarah, b. about 1627, m. William Lyon of Ro.xbury, 17
June 1646, had six sons and one daughter, and d. 9 Feb. 1688-9; Samuel, b.
about 1629. Thom.\s the f. came frora England to Roxbury in 1637. He and
his wife are very favorably mentioned by the " Apostle Eliot" on the Records
of the Roxbury church, of which he was pastor and they were members :
" Thomas Ruggles: he came to N. E. in the year 1637 ; he was elder brother
to John Ruggles, children of a godly father ; he joined to the church soon after
his coming, being as well known as his brother; his first born son died in Eng
land; his second son John was brought over a servant by Philip Eliot ; and he
brought two other children with him, Sarah and Samuel. He had a great
sickness the year after his coming, but the Lord recovered him in mercy."
— " Mary, the wife ot Thomas Ruggles: she joined to the church with her
husband, and approved herself a godly Christian by a holy and blameless con
versation, being converted not long before their coining frora England." He
res. in Roxbury seven years, and d. 15 Nov. 1644; his death is recorded by
Eliot, with the following reraark: " 1644, 9'°. 15''. Thomas Kuggles, a godly
brother; he dyed of a consumption. These two^ brake the knot first of the
Nazing Christians; I mean they first dyed of all those Christians that came
trom that town in England." ^ His w. Mary was sister ot the first WUliam
Curtis of Roxbury, and was bap. in Nazing — April 1-689 ; she survived her
husband, ra. (2d)  Root, and d., or was buried 14 Feb. 1674-5, a., according
to the record, 88 ; but prob. 86 was the actual age.
2. John, brother of Thomas (1), " carae to N. E. in the year 1635, and soon
after his coining joined unto the church; he was a lively Christian, known to
many ot the church in Old England, where many of the church enjoyed soci
ety together; he brought his first-born, John Ruggles, with him to N. E., and
his second son was still-born in the first raonth 1636, of which his first wife
died." Church Record. He m. a second w., Margaret  , but prob. had no
chil. by her. He was representative three years, and d. 6 Oct. 1663. His son
John, b. about 1632, ra. Mary Gibson of Cambridge, 3 Ap. 1655; she d. 6 Dec.
1674, and he ra. Sarah Dyer of Weymouth 15 Mar. 1676 ; she d. 2 May 1687,
and he ni. Ruth  ; she d. 11 Ap. 1710, and he d. 25 Feb. 1712-3. By his
second wife he had son Benjamin, b. 11 Aug. 16 76, grad. H. C. 1693, was pas
tor of the church in Suffiield, and d. 7 Sep. 1708.
3. Samuel, s. of Thomas (1), m. Hannah, dau. of George Fowle of Charles
town, 10 Jan. 1654-5 ; she d. 24 Oct 1669, and he m. Anna, dau. of Deac.
Henry Bright of VVatertown, 26 May 1670. His chU. were Hannah, b. 21 Jan.
1655-6, d.°l6 Mar. 1655-6 ; Mary, b. 10 Jan. 1656-7, d. 31 Mar. 1658 ; Sam
uel, h. 1 June 1658 ; Joseph, b. 12 Feb. 1659-60; d. 5 Feb. 1664-6 ; Hannah,
b. a Dec. 1661, d. 6 Nov. 1669; Sarah, b. 18 Nov. 1663, d. 11 Nov. 1664;
Mary, b. 8 Dee 1666, m. Ebenezer Pierpont 20 Oct. 1691, and (2d) Isaac Mor
ris, 3 Nov. 1702; " an infant, newly born," buried 3 Oct. 1668 ; Sarah, b. 30
Aug. 1669, d. 17 Nov. 1669; Thomas, b. 10 Mar. 1670-1; Anna, b. 30 Sep.
167°2, ra. VViUiam Heath ot Roxbury; Nathaniel, b. 22 Nov. 1674, d. — May
1674; Elizabeth, b. 1 May 1677, ra. Jaraes Bayley ; Henry, h. 7 July 1681, d.
unm. 9 Dee 1702; Huldah, b.4 July 1684, m. Samuel HiU^ of GuUford, Conn.,
9 June 1709. Samuel the f. res. in Roxbury, kept a tavern, but was very ac
tively engaged in public life. He was selectman fourteen years, assessor dur-
1 "These two" were John Grave, who d. sions of the Legislature, was several times
4 Nov. 1644, and Thomas Ruggles, who d. Speaker, was judge ot our County and ITo-
eleven davs later. hate Courts, was town clerk, and all the busi-
2 Nazing is described as " a parish in the ness of the church, society, and a large
hundred of Waltham," near Epping iu the share of that of the county and ot the colony
county of Essex, England. for forty years seems to have centered in
s Samuel HiU was " one of the most dis- him." MS. Letter from R. D. Smith, lisq.,
tinguished men that Guilford ever produced. Guilford.
He represented the town in forty-three ses-

480 RUGGLES.
ing the same period, and representative for the four critical years succeeding
the Revolution of 1689. He was for several years captain ot militia, and when
Governor Andros and his associates were seized and imprisoned, Joseph Dud
ley (afterwards Governor) was committed to his special charge, while terapo
rarily released frora prison. His preservation frora death by lightning on the
26th of May 166 7 was so reraarkable that an account of it was entered on the
Church Record by Rev. Samuel Danforth: " 26 (3) 1667. There was a dread
ful crack ot thunder. Samuel Ruggles happened at that instant to be upon the
meeting-house hill, with oxen and horse, and cart loaden with corn. The
horse and one ox were strucken dead with the lightning; the other had a little
Ufe in it, but it died presently. The man was singed and scorched a little on
his legs, one shoe torn apieces, and the heel carried away; the man was
hurled off frora the cart and flung on the off side, but through raercy soon re
covered himself and felt little harm. There was a chest in the cart, wherein
was pewter and linen ; the pewter had sraall holes melted in it, and the linen
sorae of it singed and burnt." He (or his son Samuel) was one of the eight
associates, who purchased of the Indians 27 Dec. 1686, the territory, now the
town of Hardwick ; and he with his son Samuel and four others, on the 6th of
May 1686, bought ot Capt. James Fitch of Norwich, Conn., a tract styled the
" Mashanioquet Purchase," which afterwards became the town of Pomfret,
Conn. It was many years, however, before his posterity derived much pecu
niary advantage frora these purchases. He d. 16 Aug. 1692, a. 63; his w.
Anna d. 6 Sep. 1711, a. 67.
4. Samuel, s. of Sarauel (3), ra. Martha,^ dau. of Rev. John AVood-
bridge of Newbury, and grand-daughter ot Gov. Thomas Dudley, 8 July 1680,
and had Samuel, h. 3 Dec. 1681; Lucy, b. 8 Sep. 1683, ra. Joseph Stevens 15
Feb. 1715-16; Timothy, b. 3 Nov. 1686; Hannah, b. 10 Ap. 1688, ra. VVilliam
Noyes 17 Dec. 1712; Patience, b. 9 Nov. 1689 (or 7 Nov. 1690), m. James
Robinson of Boston, 3 July 1711 ; ^ Martha, b. 1 Feb. 1691-2, ra. Job Lane ot
Billerica, 17 Dec. 1713; Sarah, b. 18 June 1694, ra. John Holbrook 19 Aug.
1714 ; Joseph, b. 21 July 1696, ra. Joanna White 20 Oct 1720, res. in Roxbury,
and d. 9 Sep. 1742; Mary, b. 20 Sep. 1698, d. unm. betore 1716; Benjamin, b.
4 July 1700. Samuel the f. res. in Roxbury, and was a "set-work cooper "
and an innholder. He inherited his father's raiUtary spirit and succeeded him
in many of his oflSces; he was captain ot mUitia, 1702; assessor, 1694 ; repre
sentative, 1697; and selectraan continuously from 1693 to 1713, except in 1701
and 1704, nineteen years. His death occurred after a very short sickness, 25
Feb. 1715-16, and his funeral is mentioned in Sewall's Diary: " Feb. 28, 1715-
16. Capt Samuel Ruggles was buried with arms. . . . He is much lamented
at Roxbury." » His w. Martha d.  1738.
5. Thomas, s. of Samuel (3), grad. at H. C. 1690, and was ordained pastor
of the church in Guilford, Conn. ; he ra. Sarah  ; she d., and he ra. Mary
Hubbard of Boston 1 June 1708. His chih were Sarah, b. 27 Mar. 1699, d.
unra. 23 Mar. 1722; Anne, b. 3 May 1701, m. Charles CaldweU 3 Nov. 1724,
and d. 19 May 1760; Mary, b. 8 Oct 1702, d. young ; Thomas, b. 27 Nov.
1704, grad. Y. C. 1723, succeeded his father in the rainistry at GuUford, and
d. 20 Nov. 1770; Rebecca, b. 23 May 1712, d. 11 June 1713; Nathaniel, b. 16
May 1713, grad. Y. C. 1732, a physician in Guilford, d. 16 Dee 1794 ; Eliza
beth, h.  1715, ra. Jehoshaphat Starr 1 Nov. 1734, and d. 9 Sep. 1769.
Thomas the t. d. 1 June 1728; his w. Mary d. 17 Dee 1742.
6. Samuel, s. of Samuel (4), grad. H. C. 1702, was ordained pastor of the
church in BiUerica, 19 May 1708. He m. Elizabeth, dau. of Samuel Whitino,
and grand-daughter of Rev. Samuel Whiting, 19 Dee 1710; she d. 29 Jufy
1727, and he ra. Mrs. Elizabeth WiUiams ot Roxbury 18 Ap. 1728. His
1 Of Mrs. Ruggles it is worthy of remark, and Timothv, her husband's brother, Thoin-
that not only was her father a clergyman, as, and three ot her sons Samuel, Timothv.
descended from numerous clergymen on both and Benjamin, also sustained the clerical of-
sides (including the famous Rey. Robert fice, and all held an honorable rank in the
Farker), hut her uncle, Benjamin Wood- protession.
bridge (the first graduate of Harvard Col- 2 See note under James Robinson (3).
lege),threeof her brothers, John, Benjamin, 8 Coll. Mass. Hist. Soe. xlvii 75

RUGGLES. 481
chU. were Elizabeth, b. 21 Sep. 1711, d. 21 Aug. 1 713; Samuel, b. 29 May 1713;
Nathaniel, b. 16 July 1715, d. 29 Dec. 1717; EUzabeth, b. 21 June 1717, m.
Samuel Dummer, Esq., 31 May 1737, and (2d) Rev. Daniel Rogers of Little
ton; Martha, b. 9 Dec. 1719, m. John Whiting of Littleton; Dorothy, b. 7 Jan.
1721-2, m. Rev. Isaac Morrill of Wilraington 4 Aug. 1743; Lucy, b. 9 Feb.
1723-4; Joseph, b. 9 Jan. 1725-6 ; Nathaniel, b. 14 June 1729, d. 14 Ap.
1730; John, b. 4 July 1730; Sarah, b. 6 Nov. 1731, ra. Rev. Josiah Stearns ot
Epping, and d. 2 Ap. 1808 (she had three sons and three daughters; one of
her sons was Rev. Samuel Stearns of Bedford, who grad. H. C. 1794, and d.
1834, and was father of Rev. Samuel H. Stearns, grad. H. C. 1823, and d. 
1837; Rev. AV^illiam A. Stearns, D. D., grad. H. C. 1827, President of Amherst
College, and d. 8 June 1876; Rev. Jonathan F. Stearns, D. D., grad. H. C.
1830, res. in New Jersey; Josiah A. Stearns, Ph. D., an erainent teacher; Rev.
Eben S. Stearns, D. D., Chancellor of the University in Nashville, Tenn.; and
others); William, 30 Ap. 1733. Samuel the f. died in office at Billerica 1
Mar. 1 748-9 ; his w. EUzabeth d. 25 June 1 748.
7. Timothy, s. ot Sarauel (4), grad. H. C. 1707, was ordained pastor of the
church in Rochester 22 Nov. 1710. He m. Mary, dau. of Benjamin AVliite of
Brookline, 2 7 Sep. 1710; she d. 23 Jan.''174'97ahd~liBT5rra!iihe'AVoo(IwortKof
Little Compton, pub. 26 Mar. 1750. His'cliiL were Timothy, b. 20 Oct 1711 ;
Benjamin, b. 19 May 1713; Samuel, b. 5 July 1715; Joseph, b. 13 June 1718;
Mary, b. 1 Jan. 1719-20, ra. John Hammond, Jr., 13 Nov. 1740; Susanna, b.
6 Jan. 1721-2, m. Paul MandeU of Dartmouth 8 Feb. 1746-7, and rem. to
Hk.; Edward, b. 30 Aug. 1723; Nathaniel, b. 12 Ap. 1725; Thomas, b. 13 July
1727, d. 5 Dee 1727; Hannah, b. 18 Oct 1728, d. 25 Nov. 1728; Thomas, b.
2 Mar. 1730; John, b. 2 Sep. 1731 (very eccentric, perhaps partially insane,
but harmless), res. several years in New Braintree, ret. to Rochester, and d.
unm. about 1815. Timothy the f. held a high rank in the ministry, and was
preeminently a man of business. He was apparently raore active and efficient
than any other individual in promoting the settleraent ot Hardwick. Through
his influence and exertions, six sons and a daughter of bis own faraily, five sons
and two daughters ot his sister Patience, wife of Jaraes Robinson (also their
father and mother, late in life), and many members of his parish, were among
the early settlers. On behalf of the proprietors he personally visited the town
several tiraes, both arranging the financial affairs ot the people and rainistering
to their spiritual wants. He d. in office as sole pastor of the church 26 Oct.
1768, a. nearly 83. In the epitaph on his head-stone he is described as " an
Ahle" Divine, and a Faithful Minister. Having a peculiar talent at composing
Differences and healing Divisions in Churches, he was much improved in Eccle-
siastidal Councils."
8. Benjamin, s. of Samuel (4), grad. Y. C. 1721 (A. M. at Y. C, and also
at H. C. 1724). He m. Dorcas, dau. of Sarauel Whiting, and grand-daughter
of Rev. Sarauel Whiting of Billerica, 30 Dec. 1 725. I have not seen his family
record ; but, from other sources, I learn that he had Benjamin, b. 18 Dec. 1726;
Whiting, h.  1 733 ; Mary, b.  , ra. Dr. Joel Carpenter of Hk. 9 Dec.
1755; Dorcas,b.  , m. Edward Sraith ot Hk. 25 Aug. 1757; Lucy,b. 
1740, ra. Elijah Chapin of Granby  1801 ;i Betsey, h. 1745, d. unra. 29
May 1795, a. 50; and perhaps Nancy, who m. Dr. Freeraan Perry of New
Bedtord, pub. 6 May 1795. Ben.iamin the f. was ordained pastor of the sec
ond church (then newly formed) in Middleborough, about 1724, where he re
mained until the church was organized in New Braintree 1754, of which li,e
became the first pastor, and remained in office during the remainder ot his
life, having Rev. Daniel Foster as a colleague about four years. He d. sud
denly 12 May 1782, a. nearly 82; his w. Dorcas d. 5 Sep. 1778, a,. 75.
9. Timothy, s. of Timothy (7), m. Bathsheba ^ (or Bathshua), widow of
1 "Married at New Braintree, Mr. Elijah comb, who grad. H. C. 1722, and d. 8 Ap.
Chapin of Granby, aged 51, to Miss Lucy 1736, a. 33, she had eight children: Mercy,
Kuggles of New Braintree, aged 61, daughter b. 4 Feb. 1723-4, m. John Bassett 21 Oct
of the former minister of that place." Mass. 1742; ZJcsire, b. 21 July 1725, m. Dr. Elisha
Spy, Dec. 30, 1801. Tobey 12 Jan. 1746 ; Peter, b. 4 Sep. 1726,
2 By her first husband, WilUam New- prob. d. young ; Mary, b. 3 Sep. 1728, m.
31

482 RUGGLES.
William Newcomb, and onlv dau. of Hon. Melatiah Bourne of Sandwich, pub.
18 Sep. 1736, and had M^iha, b. 10 Aug. 1737, m. John Xufts of Brk., pub.
11 Nov. 1765, d. 26 July 1813; Timothy, b. 7 Jan. 1738-9; Mapy, b. lOFeb.
1740-1, m. Dr. John Green of Wore, pub. 19 Mar. 1762, d. 16 June 1814;
John, b. 30 Sep. 1742, was captain of the first company of raihtia in Hk. 1771,
went to Nova Scotia with his father, and d. at Wilraot in old age ; Richard, h.
4 Mar. 1743-4; ^aJhsheba, b. 13 Feb. 1745-6, m. Joshua Sjgsflner of Brk.,
pub. 8 Jan. 17667aiiS was executed at Worcester 2 July 1778, having been
adjudged guilty of hiring other persons to murder her husband. The known
circumstances ot this case, however, indicate insanity rather than moral turpi
tude ; and confinement in a lunatic asylum would seem to have been a more
appropriate result than death on the gallows, — involving, as it did, the death
of her unborn child ; i Elizabeth, b. 16 May 1748, ra. Gardner Chandler, pub. 18
May 1772. Timothy iKe'F. grad. H. C. 1732, and was one otTEe most promi
nent citizens of Massachusetts, and indeed of New England, in both military
and civil affairs. As a soldier, he raised a company for service in the West
Indies, 1740, and received his coraraission as captain ; but as tbe number ot
companies exceeded the demand, his company was disbanded, and thus escaped
almost certain destruction, inasmuch as scarcely a tithe ot those who erabarked
in this expedition lived to return. In the Fiench War, which commenced in
1753 (though not formally declared until 1756), and continued until 1763, he
rendered active and iraportant service, first as colonel of a regiraent, and after
wards as brigadier-general of the provincial troops on the northern trontier.
But he was, perhaps, even more erainent in civil life. He coraraenced the
practice ot law in his native town (Rochester), rera. to Sandwich about 1737,
and thence to Hardwick between 24 Ap. 1 753, and 4 Mar. 1 754. In his prac
tice, before his reraoval to Hk., he was the dreaded rival of James Otis, senior,
as he was, at a later period, of Jaraes Otis, junior, in the General Court. After
his reraoval, he was comraissioned justice of the peace and quorum 19 Ap.
1764, judge of the Court of Common Pleas 19 Ap. 1767, and chief justice of
Lemuel Pope, Jr., of Dartmouth 10 Ap. estate, what object could she have in under-
1760; Sarah, b. 21 Oct 1729, in. Benjamin taking such a detestable crime ? . . . Whom
Fessenden 19 Oct. 1760; William, b. 27 Jan. did she trust with the management of a vil-
1731, m. Elizabeth  ; Hannah, b. 4 June lainy that so nearly affected her reputation,
1732, m. Jonathan Sturgis 14 Aug. 1768; her safety, her life, her children, the lives of
Thomas, b. 17 June 1734, or 1735, prob. d. others, and the happiness of her friends?
young. She must have been several years The answer was, to prostitutes, tories, regu-
older than her second husband. General Rug- lars, deserters, strangers, and foreigners.
gles, who was not many months more than Was a woman that is admitted to have
twelve years old when her first child was sense so stupid, if in the exercise of her
born. reason, as to trust all that was valuable to
1 The conduct of Mrs. Spooner, both be- her and hers in the hands of such persons?
fore and after the murder, bears evident . . . After the murder, she gives the mur-
marks of insanity. It appeared on the trial, derers his watch, his buckles, waistcoat,
that two entire strangers, James Buchanan breeches, and shirts, and even puts them
and William Brooks, who had been British on, to be worn in the eye of the world,
soldiers, were invited by her into the house, where they were well known to be Spoon-
and were entertained for two weeks; during er's clothes, aud from their goodness and
which time she engaged them to kill her bus- fashion might' be known not to belong to
b>ind, on his return from Princeton,— pro- the persons wearing them, being low and
vided that Ezra Ross failed to destroy his -vulgar. Was this the conduct of a person
life, as he had promised. And after the in the exercise of reason? Would it have
murder, she not only rewarded the three been less rational to have written on their
murderers with money, but dressed them in foreheads, in capitals, 'the murderers of Mr.
her husband's clothes, in the presence of her Spooner?'" Under such circumstances
household servants. The argument of her a verdict of "guilty " could not he expected
advocate, Hon. Levi Lincoln, Sen., although from a jury, at the present day; but "not
It failed, in that period of furious excite- guilty, by reason of insanity," would be
ment, to convince the jury, deserves con- recognized by both jury and the whole com-
sideration. A sketch of that argument is munitv as a righteous decision
printed in Chandler's Criminal Trials, ii. It may be added, that Mrs. Spooner's
26-33. Amongotherthings, hesaid: "The daughter Bathsheba, who married 
whole evidence was that of a fool, or a dis- Trott, and (2d)  Heywood, and who
tracted person. Born m a high rank of life, died at Cambridge, 1 June 1858, aged 83,
well educated, and accomplished, a wife and was hopelessly insane many years before her
a mother, and m the enjoyment of a good death.

RUGGLES. 483
the same Court 21 Jan. 1762, which office he held untU tbe Revolution. He
was also appointed special justice ot the Superior Court 23 Feb. 1762, " in the
room of Chambers Russell, Esq., one ot the standing justices ot the said Court." ^
He was a representative in the General Court from Rochester in 1736, from
Sandwich eight years, from 1739 to 1752, and from Hardwick fifteen yeai-s,^
from 1754 to 1770, in all twenty-four years, and was Speaker ot the House in
1762 and 1763. In 1765 he was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Con
gress which met in New York, and was elected President of that body; but he
refused to sign the proceedings, which he deemed derogatory to the British
government, and was reprimanded therefor by the House of Representatives.
During the political contest which raged furiously in the succeeding years, he
was the leader of the king's party in the General Court until he ceased to be
a member of the House. He was elected councillor in 1764, but declined the
office, thinking he could render the king more effective service on the floor of
the House. On the change of the form of government in Massachusetts, he
was appointed a raeraber of the Council by Mandamus, and took the oath ot
office 16 Aug. 1774. After this he returned no raore to Hardwick, but left
Boston with the British officers and troops the next spring, retired to Nova
Scotia, and died at AVilmot, near Annapolis, 4 Aug. 1795. His w. Bathsheba
remained with her eldest son in Hardwick, where she died, probably, early
in 1787; a notice ot her death appeared in the Worcester Magazine for the
fourth week in March. His homestead in Hardwick (where some of the traces
of his agricultural skill reraain visible after the lapse ot raore than a hundred
years) was on the easterly road to Gilbertville, about three quarters ot a raile
from the Common, at the place raarked "J. Mann" on the R. Map. The
dwelling-house, which stood a fewieet south of the present residence of Mr.
Charles Mandell, was demolished not long ago.
10. Benjamin, s. of Timothy (7), m. Alice, dau. of Nathaniel Merrick of
Harwich (now Brewster), 19 Oct 1736; she d.  , and he ra. Mary Sraith
of Bel. 28 Dec. 1778. His chU. were Mary, b. 7 May 1738, ra. Daniel
BUlings 23 Feb. 1758, and d. 8 June 1836; Susanna, b. 17 Ap. 1740, m.
Ebenezer Chipman 4 Mar. 1762; Benjamin, b. 11 Dec. 1741; Sarah, b. 6
Feb. 1743-4, m. Abel Harwood 27 Nov. 1765, and (2d) Ezra Alden of Gr. 2
Jan. 1772 ; Elizabeth, b. 16 Ap. 1746, d. 28 Nov. 1748 ; Elizabeth, b. 31 Jan.
1748-9, ra. Shearjashub Goodspeed 20 Nov. 1766; Thomas, bap. 24 June 1750;
Alice, b. 23 Nov. 1754, prob. d. young; Seth, b. 7 Jan. 1757 ; Levi, b. 25 Oct
1779, d. at Boston 28 Jan. 1855 ; Joseph, b. 21 Oct 1781 ; David, b. 30 Nov.
1783, d. at Bel. 1 July 1863. Benjamin the f. was one of the eariiest
pioneers, and res. on the River road to Barre, not far from the Old Furnace. He
had great vigor and energy, both physical and raental. He perforraed yeoraan's
labor on hisTiarm, and became the father ot three children after he was sixty-
five years old. He faithfully served his townsmen as captain of militia, as
selectman sixteen years, as assessor eleven years, and as chairman of the Com-
mittee-of Correspondence in 1774 and 1775. He was also one of the raost
active and resolute opposers of his brother, the Brigadier, in the stormy
poUtical contest preceding the Revolution. He d. 11 Oct. 1790, a. 77; his
w. Mary rem. to Bel. with her three children.
11. Samuel, s. of Timothy (7), m. Alice Sherman of Rochester 25 June
1738, iHThad at Roch. Sarah, b. 27 Ap. 1739 ; John, b. 6 Jan. 1741, perhaps
the same who m. Mary CaldweU ot Barre 20 May 1777, and d. m 1800;
Samuel, b. 17 Mar. 1743; Timothy, b. 17 May 1745, res. with his grandfather
Rugoles at Roch.; Edward, b. 31 Dec. 1746 ; he had also Kezia, bap. here 5
Oct°1755; Lucy, b. 20 Dec. 1757, and bap. here five days later, ra. Joseph
Robinson 16 Feb. 1780, and d. 4 Aug. 1826 ; and prob. others between 1746
and 1755. Samuel the f. rem. after 1746 from Roch. to Barre, where he res.
neariy or quite half a century. He d. — June 1802, a. almost 87 ; his w. Ahce
d.  1801, a. 79.
1 Cmncil Records. Esq., who was elected representative for
2 He represented this town longer than seventeen years in succession, and d. in
any other person, except Timothy Paige, office.

484 RUGGLES.
12. Joseph, s. of Timothy (7), ra. Hannah Cushman ot Plymouth 13 Jan.
1742-3, and had Hannah, b. 28 Aug. 1743, ra. Abijah Edson of Springfield
10 June 1763; James, b. 30 Ap. 1746, d. 21 Oct 1764; Joseph, b. 8 Ap.
1748 ; Nathaniel, b. 14 June 1750; Lydia, b. 10 Mar. 1753; Ann, b. 14 Ap.
1756, ra. Jonathan Danforth 1 Oct 1780, and d. 4 Mar. 1824. Joseph the
f. rem. to Hk. before he was married, and res. on the turnpike about a hun
dred rods southeasterly from the Coramon, at the place marked " O. Trow "
on the R. Map. He was a blacksmith, and from 1750 to 1767 an innholder;
he also had a grist-mill, on Great Meadow Brook, near his house, the
flume of which remained in place many years, and was used for the purpose
of flowing the meadow. He was a lieutenant, and marched with his company
in 1767 for the reUet ot Fort WiUiara Henry. He d. 28 Jan. 1791, a. 72
(wrongly inscribed 2 Jan. 1790 on his head-stone). His sons Joseph and
Nathtmiel prob. followed the fortunes of their uncle, the Brigadier, became
refugees, and were proscribed and banished by the Act of September 1778.
13. Edward, s. of Timothy (7), was pub. to Ann Ferrin (Fearing?) of
Warehara 16 June 1746, but sorae obstacle prevented their marriage; and on
the 29th of December of the sarae year he was pub. to Lucy, dau. ot Deac.
Daniel Spooner, whom be m. 29 Jan. 1746-7, and had Timothy, bap. 25 Sep.
1748, res. in Carabridge, N. Y.; Edward, bap. 26 Aug. 1750; Elizabeth, bap.
29 Oct 1752, m. Paul Dean 19 Sep. 1773, d. 21 Dec. 1810; Daniel, b. 
1756; iuc!/, b. 26 July 1765, d. unm. 11 May 1790; Constant, b. 27 Nov.
1767; James, b. 30 Oct. 1770, was drowned in Lake Erie; Nathan, b. 13 May
1774; there may have been others, born between 1755 and 1765, but no others
are raentioned in the father's wUl, 17 July 1776. Ed'vvard the f. was a
farraer, and ensign of militia. He res. in what is now New Braintree, some
what more than a mile east of the river, on the road to Rutland, until about
1760, when he bought the estate on tbe summit of Ruggles Hill, raarked "A.
Ruggles " on the R. Map, where he d. 21 May 1778, a. 54; his w. Lucy re
mained on the homestead raany years; but in her old age she res. with her
son Daniel, and d. 2 Ap. 1821, a. 91.
14. Nathaniel, s. of Tiraothy (7), m. Deliverance Barrow 5 Nov. 1752,
and had Elisha, b. 6 Sep. 1753, d. young; Nathaniel, b. 4 May 1755; Elisha,
b. 28 Sep. 1758; Thankful, b. 1 Mar. 1761, ra. Robert Foot 19 Feb. 1784;
Timothy, b. 27 Jan. 1763; Mary, b. 29 Mar. 1765, m. Aaron Foot, pub. 6 Dec.
1788; Thomas, b. 20 Nov. 1770, rem. to Columbia, Me., ra. Ruth Clapp, pub.
14 Mar. 1797; Benjamin, b. 18 July 1772, rera. to Columbia, m. Azubah Clapp,
pub. 26 Ap. 1798. Nathaniel the f. res. in Rochester, was a captain, and
justice of the peace ; he d. 25 Dec. 1776, a. nearly 52; his w. Deliverance d.
1 Feb. 1807, a. 73.
15. Thomas, s. ot Timothy (7), m. Mary, dau. ot Dr. Polycarpus Loring
of Plympton, 4 Dec. 1765, and had Hannah, b. about 1759; Mary, b. about
1761, m. Zenas Bryant ot Plyrapton; Jacob Loring, b. about 1763. Thomas
the t. taught school in Hk. 1747 and 1748, was a physician in his native town
(Rochester), and d. in early life, betore 6 May 1776, when Benjarain Cook
of Kingston was appointed guardian ot his children; his w. Mary d. before
7 Feb. 1780, at which date her estate was divided.
16. Benjamin, s. of Benjamin (8), m. Sarah Hunt of Dartraouth, pub. 21
Ap. 1760, and immediately rera, from Middleborough to Hk.; his w. Sarah d.
20 May 1772, and he m. Jerusha, wid. of John Aiken, 11 Feb. 1773, she d.
28 Oct 1787, and he m. Hannah Hamblin of N. Br., pub. 20 July 1789. His
chU. were Samuel, b. 9 May 1761, res. at Orange, m. Lydia Hawes of N. Br.
11 Jan. 1776, and had son Lyman, who d. at Orange 4iDec. 1863, a. 75; Ben
jamin, b. 6 Aug. 1753; Lemuel, b. 26 Feb. 1755; Ephraim, bap. 20 Mar. 1757;
Sarah, b. 29 Feb. 1760, ra. John Aiken 10 Oct 1782, and d. 17 Jan. 1822;
Rebecca, b. 15 Oct 1763, d. unm. 8 Sep. 1846; Hannah, b. 29 Oct 1791, d
unm. 22 Dee 1867. Benjamin the f. (ordinarily caUed " Bush Ben," on
account ot his bushy hair, and to distinguish him from three others of the
sarae name), res. near the Furnace ViUage, and d. 21 Oct. 1795, a. nearly 69;
his w. Hannah m. John Jones of Barre 29 May 1796, res. near the Furnace Vii-

RUGGLES. 485
lage, in a house which she bought three weeks before this marriage, marked
" C. Jenney " on the R. Map, and survived her husband several years. She
was a woman of extraordinary energy, and had she lived in the present day
would have been ainong the foremost in the battle tor " woman's riohts " She
d. 22 Ap. 1814, a. 60.
17. Whiting, s. of Benjamin (8), m. AV^ealthy Smith 20 July 1780, when
he had attained the ripe age of 47 years. They seem to have had only one
child, Solomon, bap. 25 May 1783, but prob. b. 16 Oct. 1781. Whiting the
f. was a farmer, res. on the Moose Brook road, at the place marked " S. Ruo-
gles" on the R. Map, and d. 3 Aug. 1796, a. 63; his w. Wealthy d. 26 Nov.
1840, a. 92.
18. Timothy, s. of Timothy (9), m. Sarah, dau. of Col. Simeon Dwioht
ot Western (Warren), pub. 30 July 1766, and had Sally, b. 2 Feb. 1768,'m.
Judah Hinkley 15 Dec. 1785; Anna, b. 8 June 1769; Sophia, b. 19 Jan. 1771,
d. 6 Oct 1775; Betsey, h. 15 Nov. 1772, d. 29 Nov. 1772; Timothy, b. 1 Dee
1773, d. 19 Sep. 1775; Timothy, b. 7 Mar. 1776, rem. to Nova Scotia with his
father, was a raajor of militia, justice ot the peace, raember of the Provincial
Parliament, and d. in March 1831; Sophia, b. 20 Oct 1777; Simeon Dwight,
h. 23 Jan. 1780, was a merchant in Annapolis, N. S., where he d. — Nov.
1812; Harriet, b. 23 Feb. 1782 ; Clarissa, b. 3 Ap. 1784; Israel Williams, b.
27 Aug. 1786, was a prosperous raerchant in Annapolis, where he d. 5 or 11
Jan. 1880. Timothy the f. naturally favored the king's cause, in which
his father was so deeply interested, and was placed under guard by vote of
the town, and confined to his farm; he subsequently made his peace, how
ever, and did not becorae a refugee. He was lieutenant ot militia betore the
Revolution, but held no office afterwards while he remained here. He was a
farmer, rough in manner, but manifestly a man of good natural endowments.
He res. on the homestead (which had been confiscated but afterwards was re
leased to him by the Commonwealth) until 1795, when he sold the farm,
rem. to Nova Scotia, and settled in the township of Granville. Sabine says,
"he was a raeraber of the House of Assembly of Nova Scotia raany years; " ^
but I suspect he mistakes the father for the son, who held that position.^ He
d. at Granville 9 Dec. 1831, a. nearly 93; his w. Sarah d. in 1842, a. 92.
19. Richard, s. ot Tiraothy (9), ra. Wealthy  , and had Bathsheba, b.
22 Sep. 1772. -Richard the f. was a Tory, and went to Nova Scotia at the
comraenceraent of hostUities ; he settled in the township of Clements, had
three sons and four daughters after his removal thither, and d. about 1834,
" at an advanced age."
20. Benjamin, s. ot Benjamin (10), m. Elizabeth Fay (perhaps dau. of
Deac. James) 26 Nov. 1766, and had Denison, h. 9 July 1767; Moses, b. 20
Feb. 1771; Benjamin, b. 11 Mar. 1773; John, h. 1 Nov. 1775; Alice, b. 16
Dec. 1777, ra. Nathan Thompson of Salem, N. Y., 21 Dee 1797; Betsey, b.
9 Aug. 1780, m. Aaron Goodale of Salem, N. Y., 9 Feb. 1802; Mary, b. 17
Feb. 1783.
21. Thomas, s. of Benjamin (10), m. Hannah, dau. of Thomas Winslow, 19
July 1778, and had Miriam, b. 23 Oct. 1778, m. Ebenezer Foster 8 June 1806;
Willard, b. 4 Sep. 1780, ra. Susan  , and d. 3 July 1809; Charlotte, b. 3 Oct
1782, d. unra. at Oakhara 28 Mar. 1824 ; Arathusa, b.  , ra. Richard Howe of
Poultney, Vt. ; Rhoda. b.  1787, d. unm. 21 June 1809; Phila, b. — Aug.
1790, ra". Benjamin Rice, and d. 16 Sep. 1837; Joshua, b. 1 Dee 1792, ra.
Olive Holton, and d. 3 Sep. 1852; Reuel, b. 27 Mar. 1796, d. unm. 13 Dec.
1873; Hannah, h. 17 May 1798, m. Warner Smith, and d. 6 Jan. 1857;
Thomas, b. 14 Dec. 1800, d. s. p.  ; Harriet, b. 26 June 1803, ra. Richard
Howe, and d. — Oct 1861 ; Seraph Howe, b. 23 Feb. 1806, m. Norman B.
Thompson 16 Aug. 1827. Thomas the f. was a shoemaker, a soldier in the
Revolutionary War, and rem. from Hardwick to Oakham before 17 May 1798,
1 Sabine's Loyalists of the Amer. Rev., ii. magistrate, and representative for many
246. years in the General Assembly;" but he
2 J. W. Ruggles, Esq., says his brother does not intimate that his father performed
Timothy "was a major in the militia, a similar service. MS. Letter, Oct. i, 1S39 .

486 RUGGLES.
where he d. 12 May 1808 ; his w. Hannah d. 28 Mar. 1832, a. 70. _ (Many of
these facts are gathered frora the Winslow Memorial, i. 395, where it is stated
that the last four of the chil. were b. at Oakham, and all the others at Hard
wick; but I find no record of their birth here, except of the first three.)
22. Seth, s. of Benjainin (10), m. Hannah, dau. of John Amidon, 25 Nov.
1790; she d. in chUd-bed 26 Oct 1791, a. 39, and he ra. Hannah Bursley 22
Nov. 1792; she d. 4 Oct 1793, a. 37, and he m. Sukey Jenks, pub. 18 May
1794. His chil. were Seth Amidon, b. 26 Oct 1791; Henry Jenks, b. 31 Oct.
1795; Hannah, b. 5 Sep. 1797; WUliam Winthrop, b. 1 Jan. 1800; Samuel, b.
3 Mar. 1802.
23. Edward, s. ot Edward (13), ra. Anna, dau. of Paul Dean, pub. 12 Jan.
1772, and had Paul, b. 4 Dee 1772 ; Asa, b. 28 June 1774, drowned at sea,
19 Oct. 1798 ; Abel, b. 26 Mar. 1776, m. Lucinda Thomas 8 May 1799, res. at
Carmel, Me., was a representative, and a meraber of tbe convention for fram
ing the Constitution of Maine; he d. 18 June 1860 ; Mary, b. 18 Jan. 1778,
m.^Daniel Thoraas 3 Sep. 1798 ; Ezra, b. 25 Jan. 1780, for several years an
active citizen, a captain of railitia, selectraan, 1820, erected the large house
on the westerly side of the Coramon nearest to the turnpike and raarked " D.
R." on tbe R. Map. Meeting with reverses in later Ufe, he rem. to Maine,
where he d. unmarried; Fanny, b. 7 Jan. 1782, m. Timothy Rich of Boston,
pub. 26 Mar. 1810 ; Lucy, b.  1784, d. 28 Ap. 1790, a. 6 ; Ira, b. 29 Oct
1785; Mira, b. 11 Dee 1787; a child b.  1789, d. 2 May 1790, a. 8
months; Lucy, h. 20 Ap. 1791, m. Woodhull Helnie of Blenheim, N. Y., 25
June 1816; Edward, b. 11 Ap. 1793, accidentally killed (by a cart) 30 Oct.
1810; Spooner, b. 4 Aug. 1795, ra.  Bennett, res. in Rockford, III., was a
judge, and d. in March 1874; Anna, b. 2 Oct. 1799, ra. Williara Barr, pub. 24
Dec. 1827. Edward the f., a farraer, res. on Ruggles HiU, at the place
marked " H. Gould " on the R. Map; he was one ot the " minute-men " who
marched on the Lexington alarm in Ap. 1775, and performed a short tour of
service as sergeant in 1779. He held a raore conspicuous position in January
and February 1787, when he was captain of a company in the defence of the
governnient against the insurrectionary army of Shays, and shared in the perils
and discomforts of that meraorable march frora Hadley to Petersham which
resulted in the utter dispersion of the rebel array. He d. 17 Jan. 1805, a. 54;
His wid. Anna m. John Araidon 14 Dec. 1809, but soon returned to her forr
mer rci'idence, where she d. 9 Jan. 1842, a. nearly 89.
24. Daniel, s. ot Edward (13), m. Lucy, dau. of Deac. William Paige, 31
Dec. 1779, and had Gardner, b. 16 Feb. 1 782 ; Anson, b. 1 7 Dec. 1 783 ; Franklin,
b. 21 Mar. 1786; Mercy, h. 26 Ap. 1788, d. 9 Oct 1802; Lucy,h. 5 Ap. 1791,
ra. Stephen AV. Paige 26 Oct 1809, and d. 25 Dee 1865; Crighton, b. 10 June
1793; Alma, b. 22 July 1795, ra. Benjarain Sraith ot Rutland, Vt, 15 Sep.
1833, became insane, and d. here 24 Ap. 1857; Luthera, b. 4 Jan. 1798, m.-
Sarauel F. Culler 24 May 1819, and d. 17 Aug. 1823. Daniel the t. was a
farraer, and for seventeen years an innholder. He was lieutenant in the Rev
olutionary Array, 1779, a selectraan four years, assessor eleven years, town
treasurer six years, and justice of the peace. He res. on Ruggles Hill, at the
place marked " F. Ruggles," untU 1809, when he erected the spacious buUding
near the Common, marked "Tavern" on the R. Map, and opened a public
house, which he conducted until 1826, and then retired from business; soon
afterwards he bought the house on the Common, built by Ezra Rugcrles and
marked '- D. R.," where he spent a quiet old age, after a busy manhood. He
d. 26 Feb. 1838, «,. 83; his w. Lucy d. 3 Aug. 1840, a. 83.
26. Constant, s. of Edward (13), ra. Sally, wid. of  Hudson, and dau.
of  Green,  1792, and had Adin, b. 8 Aug. 1793, m.  , and d. 18
Nov. 1833 ("He was a manufacturer of pistols and rifles; ... as one of his
workmen was engaged in proving a new barrel, charged with a bullet, he ac
cidentally passed in the range; the bullet struck his forehead and carae out in
front of tbe ear. ... He left a widow and a large family of children." ') ; For
dyce, b. 30 Oct 1795, ra. Rebecca Bacon 8 Sep. 1822, had several children,
1 Trumpet and Univ. Magazine, vi. 23, Nov. 30, 1833.

RUGGLES. 487
res. here, and d. at Ware 29 Jan. 1828 (like his brother Adin, he was a man
ufacturer ot fire-arms, and was destroyed by his own handiwork : a ball dis-
charsred from his pistol, in the hands ot a young man who was carelessly
handling it, passed through his lungs and lodged in the spine; he lingered
more than a week, when death terminated bis distress) ; Azubah, b. 24 Nov.
1797, m. Jaraes Abbott ot AA\ Brk., pub. 16 Mar. 1833, and d. 18 Jan. 1871;
EUza, b. 3 Ap. 1800, d. 17 Dec. 1803; Mercy, b. 17 Sep. 1802, m. Rev. John
Bisbee ot Brk. 7 June 1823, and (2d) Capt. Daniel Jackson of Plymouth ;
left a widow a second time, she rem. to Boston, and successfully continued the
practice of medicine, in which she had previously been engaged; she d. 13
Dec. 1877, having been the mother ot twelve children; Eliza, bap. 10 Feb.
1805, m. Marcian Seavey, and J. at Greenwood, Tenn., 28 Nov. 1860; Char
lotte, b.  , ra. George Ropes ot Portland 9 July 1832, and d. while on a
visit at the house of her sister at W. Brk.; Daniel, b.  . Constant the
f. was a farmer, res. a few years on the homestead, with his raother, and else
where in Hk., afterwards near the meeting-house in Prescott, but returned,
and for nearly a quarter of a century res. on the road to Enfield, somewhat
more than a mile westerly frora the Coramon, at the place raarked with his
full name on the R. Map. He long held a comraission as justice of the peace.
He had an uncommonly keen intellect, and his shrewd sayings are still re
membered; in religious or political discussions he was especially formidable;
it there was a flaw in his adversary's argument, he was sure to detect it, while
his own logic was conclusive and irresistible. He d. 28 Ap. 1846, a. 78 ; his
w. Sally d. 8 July 1856, a. 86.
26. NathjVN, s. of Edward (13), m. Catherine Shaw; she d. and he m.
Harriet, dau. of Dr. AVilliara Cutler, 23 Ap. 1813. His chil. were James, b.
 ; Ann Maria, b. 11 Oct 1802, ra. Joseph Robinson 11 Dec. 1821, and
d. 14 Dee 1822; William Cutler, b.  , d. young ; Harriet, b.  , ra. 
Duntree; Julia, b.  , m.  Sanborn of Greenfield. Nathan the f. res.
in Hartford, and was a manufacturer ot looking-glasses and picture frames.
In personal appearance he bore a striking reserablance to General Lafayette,
and the brUUant Frenchman did not excel him in native gentility ot manner.
Late in lite he rera. to New Haven, and engaged in the making ot fire-works ;
and on the 27th of Mar. 1835, he was suddenly kiUed by an explosion of his
own wares. It is a singular coincidence that he and his two nephews, Adin
and Fordyce Ruggles, should be destroyed by the work of their own hands in
the space ot about seven years.
27. Nathaniel, s. of Nathaniel (14), m. DrusUla Briggs 2 Sep. 1784, and
had Zephaniah B., h. 9 June 1789; Nathaniel, b. 27 Ap. 1791; Mary B., b. 9
June 1794; Delia, b. 22 June 1796 ; Susanna, b. 27 Aug. 1798; Increase S., h.
 1800; John H., h. 2 Nov. 1802. Nathaniel the f. res. in Rochester, was
justice of the peace, and d. 2 Mar. 1827, a. neariy 72.
28. Elisha, s. of Nathaniel (14), ra. Polly Clapp 10 July 1788, and had
Nathaniel Sprague, b. 18 July 1789; Micah HaskeU, b. 9 May 1791, a lawyer
and meraber of Congress; Henry, b. 3 Jan. 1793 ; James, b. 28 Sep. 1796, and
d. 14 Nov. 1877, a farraer and justice of the peace ; William, b. 5 Sep. 1797.
Elisha the f. res. in Rochester, was a merchant, raajor of mUitia, and justice
of the peace; he d. 20 Aug. 1830, a. neariy 72; his w. PoUy d. 4 Sep. 1802, a.
38. 29. Benjamin, s. ot Benjarain (16), ra. Betsey Parks 16 Dec. 1779, and
had Parks, b. 13 Oct 1781; Lucy, b. 23 June 1784, ra. William Smith 14 Feb.
1805; Eleanor, b. 3 Mar. 1788, perhaps m. Josiah AVilcox of N. Sah 26 Dec.
1830; Betsey, b. 4 June 1790, m. John Rice, pub. 21 Nov. 1808; she ra. (2d)
Calvin Wetherbee, and (3d) Benjamin Skinner, 19 Jan. 1851. Benjamin tlie
f. was a farmer and carpenter, res. on the Enfield road, about three miles trom
the Comraon, at the place marked "P. Ruggles" on the R. Map, and d. 22
Dee 1820, a. 67; his w. Betsey d. 15 Mar. 1827. , , t, ,.
30. Lemuel, s. of Benjamin (16), ra. Lydia  , and had Lemuel, b. about
1780; Lydia, b. about 1782, m. Haffield Gould 26 Oct 1817, and d. 10 Mar.
1850, a. 67 ; Brigham, b. about 1784 ; SaUy, b. about 1786, d. unm. 17 Feb.

488 RUGGLES.
1808, a. 21. Lemuel the f. was a farmer, res. on the Moose Brook road,
about a mile northeriy from the Furnace Village, at the place marked " L.
Ruogles" on the R. Map, and d. 22 "Oct 1806, a. 51; his w. Lydia d. 2 May
1807, a. 50.
31. Ephraim, s. of Benjamin (16), m. Olive Powers 20 Mar. 1783, and
had Joshua, b. 9 Oct. 1784, d. 3 Sep. 1786 ; Betsey, b. 16 July 1786; Polly, b.
28 July 1788, d. 20 Dee 1801 ; Martin, b. 13 Dee 1790; Olive, b. 24 Dee
1792, d. 28 July 1793; Cynthia, b. 26 Sep. 1794, m. Otis Terry 6 Mar. 1817;
Benjamin, b. 20 Ap. 1797; Olive, b. 14 June 1799; Clarissa, b. 18 Mar. 1801,
m. Martin Gardner 7 Feb. 1821 ; Ephraim, b. 10 July 1803, d. 19 Dee 1804.
Ephraim the f. was a farmer, and res. in the westerly part ot tbe town, not
far frora tbe turnpike, prob. at the place marked " Mr. Ruggles " on the R.
Map; he d. 21 Ap. 1836, a. 79 ; his w. Olive d. 3 Aug. 1858, a. 98.
32. Solomon, s. of Whiting (17), m. Polly Burt 8 Mar. 1803, and had
Solomon Whiting, b. 9 Jan. 1804; PoUy Bassett, b. 26 Ap. 1805, d. unm.
24 Aug. 1844; Levina, b. 25 Ap. 1807, d. 7 June 1807; William Leonard, b. 10
Jan. 1810; d. 24 Feb. 1810 ; Harriet, b. 28 Nov. 1815. Solomon the f. was a
farmer, and res. on tbe homestead. He is remembered as a man ot remark
able height, on which account, at all parades of the military conipany of which
he was a raeraber, whenever he was present, the right of the file was assigned
to him. Late in life, be rem. to Ware, where he d. 31 Mar. 1871, a. (accord
ing to the record), 89 years, 5 months, and 15 days.
33. Moses, s. ot Benjarain (20), m. Rhoda Luce 25 Jan. 1798, and had
Anna, b. — June 1798, d. 5 Sep. 1798.
34. John, s. of Benjarain (20), m. Mrs. Sally Jenks 26 Ap. 1801, and had
a child, b. — Sep. 1801, d. 8 Oct 1801.
35. Paul, s. of Edward (23), m. Mercy Dexter, pub. 28 Nov. 1796, and
had John Dexter, b. 2 Dec. 1797.
36. Ira, s. of Edward (23), m. Susan, dau. ot Tiraothy Hathaway 18 Jan.
1825, and had an infant, d. 25 Ap. 1827; Edward, b.  . Ira the f. was
a farmer, res. on the homestead, and d. 21 July 1832, a. 46; his w. Susan, with
her surviving son, rem. to Orford, Tama Co., Iowa, and d. there.
37. Gardner, s. of Daniel (24), ra. Lydia, dau. of Capt Zenas Phinney 2
Dec. 1804; she d. 23 Sep. 1833, and he m.  , who survived hira; his chil.
were Mercy, b. 20 Sep. 1805, m. WiUard AUen, pub. 8 Oct. 1826, res. in West
rainster ; William Paige, b. 11 Feb. 1807, m.  , res. in Ridgeway, Wis.;
Cordelia, b. 20 Aug. 1808, d. 5 Sep. 1810; Daniel, b. 31 Jan. 1810, grad. at
" West Point, 1833. Entering the 5th Infantry (U. S. A.) he becarae 2d lieu
tenant, Feb. 18, 1836; 1st lieutenant, July 7, 1838; captain, June 18, 1846;
served in the Florida War ; was distinguished at Palo Alto and La Palraa, and
at the storraing of Molino del Rey ; brevet raajor and lieutenant-colonel re
spectively for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco Aug. 20, and at Chapul
tepec Sep. 13, 1847; and resigned May 7, 1861. Made brigadier-general in
the Confederate army in 1861 ; served in New Orleans in the winter of 1861-2,
and retreated thence with the forces under Gen. M. Lovell before the sur
render of the city to Flag-officer Farragut ; raajor-general in 1863; surrendered
with Lee." ^ A sad conclusion ot an honorable career. It is much to be re
gretted that for any reason whatever he should have sacrificed his well-earned
raiUtary reputation by disloyalty to the national flag. He m.  , and res.
in or near Fredericksburg, Va. ; Cordelia, b. 25 May 181-2, m. Asa Paige; he
d. 19 Jan. 1836, and she ra. his elder brother, Moses Paige, 14 July 1837; she
res. in Troy, N. Y., and Bennington, Vt ; Sarah Berry, b. 25 Ap. 1814, m.
Capt Benjamin A. Cobb ot Stephenson, IU., pub. 28 Feb. 1841; Lucy Spooner,
b. 26 Mar. 1816, a pleasant writer ot prose and poetry, for many years a very
successful teacher in Virginia and Kentucky, but subsequently returned to
Hardwick; Zenas Phinney, b. 29 May 1823, m.  , and res. in Troy, N. Y.
Gardner the f. was a farmer and a civil engineer; he surveyed many estates
and about 1833 constructed the Map of Hardwick to which reference is so
frequently made in this volume. He was major ot a battalion ot artUlery,
1 Drake's Dictionary of Amer. Biography, p. 786.

RUGGLES. 489
and justice of the peace. Through life he was a devoted Freemason ; he was
Master ot Mount Zion Lodge nine years, between 1823 and 1849, District Dep.
G. Master for this district ten years, from 1833 to 1842, and for the last seven
of those years " special agent," on behalf of the fraternity, for the whole ter
ritory west of AVorcester County. After his first marriage he res. in Barre
until about 1836, when he returned, and occupied a part of his father's house
on the Coinmon. He was town treasurer two years, assessor five years, rep
resentative frora Barre five years, and frora Hardwick in 1838 and 1839. His
active and useful life had a tragical close : he was thrown from a waoon and
killed 5 Aug. 1853, a. 71. °
38. Anson, s. ot Daniel (24), ra. Lucy, dau. of Moses Paige, 14 June 1812,
and had Dwight, b. 31 Mar. 1816, in early life a bookseller, afterwards a
physician, and surgeon in the Union array, m.  , and res. in the city of
New York; Mary, b. 4 Mar. 1818, m. AVilliara Rlixter 7 July 1840; Moses, b.
3 Nov. 1819; George, b. 3 Sep. 1821, town clerk 1859 and 1860, d. unm. 5
Jan. 1861; Daniel, b. 9 Aug. 1823, ra.  , res. in Baraboo, Wis.; Frederick
D., b. 21 June 1835. Anson the f. was a farmer, and res. on Ruggles HiU,
upon the homestead ot his grandfather. In his old age he spent several
winters at the house of his son-in-law, Hon. William Mixter, near tbe Coraraon,
returning to the hill on the approach of warra weather. He d. 5 Dec. 1881,
a. 98 years, lacking twelve days; his w. Lucy d. 29 July 1874, a. 78.
39. Franklin, s. ot Daniel (24), m. Sally, dau. of Dr. EUas Penniman, 21
or 22 Nov. 1812, and had Ann J, b. 7 Nov. 1813, m. Dwight BiUings 31
Dec. 1834, and d. 11 Jan. 1864; James L., b. 12 June 1815, insane, d. unm.
11 or 12 Oct 1851; Henry, b. 5 Ap. 1817, d. 6 Ap. 1825; Charles, b. 10 Feb.
1819, subject to occasional derangement, a farmer, res. on the horaestead, d.
unra. 14 May 1878; Sarah, b. 19 July 1820, ra, Samuel Gladding of Providence
21 Jan. 1840, and d. 22 June 1851; Mary, b. 16 Mar. 1822, m. Rev. FrankUn
Whitaker ot Southbridge, MaSs., 1 June 1843, had five children, all of whom
d. young, res. several years in Janesville, Wis., but returned to her birth-place ;
Samuel F., b. 18 July 1824, d. 7 Feb. 1825 ; Alma, h. 9 Oct 1826, m. Richard
L. Hathaway 14 Ap. 1846, d. in the hospital at Northarapton 10 Dec. 1860;
Henry, b. 12 July 1829. Franklin the t. was a farraer, and res. on the
horaestead. He was representative in 1850, and d. 16 Aug. 1865, a. 79; his w.
Sally d. 3 Ap. 1864, a. 71.
40. Crighton, s. of Daniel (24), ra. Theolotia, dau. of John Lawton, 21
Nov. 1816; she d. s. p. 27 June 1817, a. 23, and he ra. Rhoda, dau. of Tiraothy
Hathaway, 30 Ap. 1820, and had Theolotia, b. 26 Ap. 1821, ra. Ginery
Twichell (a noted stage-driver, railroad president, and member of Congress),
26 Aug. 1846, and d. 9 Mar. 1876; Luthera, b. 3 July 1824, d. 24 Mar. 1825;
Crighton, d. 9 Mar. 1827, m.  , res. at Lawrence, IU.; Julia, b. 17 June
1829, m. Stephen S. Seavey of Boston 16 Aug. 1855; be d. 6 Oct 1867, and
she m. Alexandre F. Leomans ot Paris 28 Mar. 1878, res. at Chicago;
Cyrus, W., b. 10 Sep. 1831, m.  , postmaster, res. at BrookUne; Rhoda
Maria, b. 9 Ap. 1835, m. Williara H. Power 28 Oct 1867. Crighton the f.
was a farmer, and a captain of militia. He res. on the road to Ware, at the
place marked " C. Ruggles " on the R. Map, kept the tavern near the Com
mon from 1826 to 1832, and about 1836 rem. to Barre, where he d. 13 Aug.
1858, a. 66 ; his w. Rhoda d. 2 Nov. 1879, a. nearly 77.
41. Parks, s. of Benjarain (29), m. Lucy, prob. dau. of WiUiam Sraith, 29
Nov. 1804, and had Lydia, b. 31 Mar. 1806, m. Ransford L. Sraith ot Hop
kinton 25 May 1839; Mary, b. 7 Sep. 1807; d. unra. at N. Brk. 24 Mar.
1878, a. 70; Reed Smith, b. 4 Sep. 1809; Lauretta, h. 26 Oct 1811, ra. Jaraes
C. Ayres of' N. Brk., pub. 9 Dec. 1838; Almira, b. 27 Nov. 1813, ra. Henry
A. Moore of Littleton 21 Aug. 1837; Lucy, b. 25 July 1817. Parks the f.
was a farmer, res. on the Old Greenwich road, three miles westerly from the
Common, at the place marked " P. Ruggles" on the R. Map, and d. 12 Nov.
1835, a. 54; his w. Lucy d. 6 Nov. 1867, a. 87.
42. Lemuel, s. of Lemuel (30), m. Hannah Hooker of Enf., pub. 30 Mar.
1818, and had Elbridge, b. 3 June 1819; Sally, h. 29 Mar. 1821, d. unm. 4

490 RUGGLES — SABIN.
Ap. 1847; Emory, b. 5 June 1823, d. 22 Feb. 1825 ; Maria, b. 2 Nov. 1825,
m. Clinton Ploward of Sturbridge 20 June 1868, res. here and d. 13 May,
1877; Jane, b. 23 Mar. 1828, d. 3 July 1828. Lemuel the f. was a farraer,
res. on the homestead, and d. 14 Feb. 1840, a. 59; his w. Hannah d. 16 Dee
1877, a. 85.
43. Brigham, s. ot Lemuel (30), m. Abigail Grain 30 Dee. 1813, and had
Albert Henry, b. 9 Oct 1814; " Alucius " Grain, b. 31 Dec. 1815. Brigham
the f. rem. to Boylston, andd. 9 Ap. 1863, a. nearly 79.
44. Martin, s. of Ephraim (31), m. AbigaU, dau. ot Eleazar Dexter,
27 Feb. 1816, and had a chUd, which d. 13 July 1817 ; Martin Dexter, b. 26
Oct 1820, d. 9 Mar. 1838; William Powers, b. 11 Nov. 1822; John Edwin,
b. 4 June 1826. Martin the f. d. 28 Sept. 1861, a. nearly 71; his w. Abigail
d. 5 July 1860, a. 73.
45. Solomon W., s. of Soloraon (32), ra. Tryphena Weeks 1 Ap. 1827,
and had Benjamin Whiting, b. 25 Mar. 1828, d. at Fitchburg 1 Oct 1846 ;
John Willis, b. 17 July 1829, d. at Fitchburg 13 July 1852. Solomon W.
the f. rera. to Fitchburg, and d. 19 May 1863, a. 59.
46. Moses, s. of Anson (38), ra. Maria, dau. ot WiUiam Robin.son of Barre
26 May 1841, and had Lucy Maria, b. 13 Oct. 1845, m. Edward H. Paige,
5 July 1876. Moses the f., a farmer, res. at Barre and on the homestead in
Hk. for some years, and afterwards on the Mixter Farm, near the Coramon.
He was an assessor in 1851 and 1866.
47. Frederick D., s. of Anson (38), ra. Eliza Jane Rogers' of Barre 14
June 1859, and had Frederick Anson, b. 19 Mar. 1861; Anna Reed, b. 22 Ap.
1863; George Rawson, b. 9 Nov. 1864; Mary Mixter, b. 15 Oct 1866; Carrie
Cutler, b. 22 May 1870; Jennie Louisa, b. 15 Aug. 1876; Samuel Rogers, b. 7
Dec. 1880. Frederick D. the f., a farraer, res. on the horaestead.
48. Henry, s. of Franklin (39), m. Harriette S. Geer of Norwich, Conn.,
25 Oct. 1852; she d. 11 Ap. 1857, a. 26, and he ra. Louise Cooke of Preston,
Conn. ; she d.  , and he ra. Sarah Perry of Ridgefield, Conn. His chil.
were Alice, b. 31 Dec. 1853 or 1854, d. 17 May 1862; William Cummings, b.
28 Oct. 1856; Annie Louise, b. 18 Sep. 1863. Henry the t. res. in Norwich,
Conn. He served his country several years as consul at Barcelona, and after
wards at Malta.
49. Reed S., s. of Parks (41), m. Sarah A., dau. of Rufus Sargent of
N. Br., pub. 17 Ap. 1839, and had Estes Sargent, b. 20 Feb. 1844; Frederick
A., b. 14 Mar. 1848 ; Mary Ann, b. 29 May 1851, m. Edward B. Brown ot
Brirafield 1 Oct. 1879. Reed S. tbe f., a farraer, res. near the central bridge
over Ware River, at the place marked " A. Rich " on the R. Map. He d. 12
Oct. 1882, a. 73 ; his w. Sarah A. d. 27 Sep. 1876, a. 63.
50. Elbridge, b. ot Lemuel (42), ra. Mary Aiken ot Prescott, pub. 14 Dec.
1850, and had Mary Theolotia, b. 20 Aug. 1852; Abbie, b. 21 June 1864; Fred
erick Elbridge, b. 23 Sep. 1856, ra. Katie E. Wesson 27 Ap. 1882 ; Amory A.,
b. 26 May 1859; Ella Frances, b. 3 Aug. 1863; Louis Hooker, b. 17 Nov.
1866; Gertrude M., b. 1 Feb. 1869; NelsonPaul, b. 29 Aug. 1871. Elbridge
the f., a farraer, res. on the horaestead.
51. William P., s. of Martin (44), ra. Martha M., dau. of Capt. John
Lawton, 22 Feb. 1846, and had Martha Jeannette,b. 8 Oct. 1847; John Wil
liam, b. 9 June 1856.
52. Frederick A., s. of Reed S. (49), ra. Carrie L. Towne 15 Jan. 1878,
and had Alice Maude, b. 10 Oct. 1878, d. 7 Sep. 1879 ; Amie L., b.  , d.
12 June 1882.
63. Franklin (b. in Esperance, N. Y.), bv w. Julia Bell, had Julia Bell,
b. 9 Dec. 1864.
Samuel, ra. Mary Mace of Stafford, Conn., pub. 20 Dee 1784. Samuel
(perhaps the same), m. Susanna Johnson ot Thorapson, Conn., pub. 6 Mar.
1786. Polly, ra. Samuel French ot Craftsbury, Vt, 17 July 1796. Pauline
M. (dau. of Benjarain and Mary of Otsego, N. Y.), m. John R. Fish 27 May
1855, and (2d) Isaac S. Bonney 10 Mar. 1864.
Sabin, David, by w. Mary, had Lydia, bap. 24 Sep. 1738; David, bap. 19

SABIN— SAFFORD. 491
Oct. 1740; CWoe, bap. — July 1743; Lucy, bap. 14 Sep. 1746. David the
f. was a corab-raaker, and came here from Rehoboth. He bought a farm in
Hardwick 18 Oct 1736, and was admitted to the church here 4 Sep. 1737.
Elisha, ra. Sarah Crosby of Sturbridge 18 Feb. 1795. Abigail, of Bel.,
m. Dr. William H. Willis, pub. 17 Sep. 1842. Ursula G., d. 5 Sep. 1856,
a. 29.
Safford, Thomas, was ot Ipswich as early as 1641, and by w. Elizabeth
had sons Joseph and John, and four daughters. He d. in Ips. 20 Feb. 1667.
2. John, s. of Thomas (1), b. about 1633, res. in Ipswich, and by w. Sarah
had Thomas, Joseph, perhaps John, and five dauohters.
3. Thomas, s. of John (2), b. in Ipswich 16 Oct. 1673, m. Eleanor, wid. of
Richard Shatswell and dau. of Daniel Cheney, 7 Oct. 1698, and had Sarah,
Thomas, Joseph, b. — March 1704-5. (Thus far I have been guided by a
MS. letter from Hon. Robert Safford Hale of Elizabethtown, N. Y., one of
the posterity of the last-named Joseph Safford.)
4. Joseph, s. of Thoraas (3), m. Mary Challis  1728, and had Eleanor,
bap. at Ips. 29 June 1729, d. 13 Dec. 1730 ; Joseph, bap. 25 Oct 1730 ; Anna,
bap. 28 Nov. 1731, m. Israel Olmstead 25 Nov. 1756; Challis, bap. 9 Sep.
1733; Philip, b. about 1736 ; Ebenezer, b. about 1738 ; Mary, m. Azariah
Wright of Westminster, Vt., 29 June 1762. Joseph the f. was a " joyner; "
he prob. rem. from Ips. to Sutton, and thence to Hk. in 1751, and d. here
before 1757, when his widow released dower in his estate; she subsequently
rem. with her son Joseph to Woodstock, Vt.
5. Joseph, s. of Joseph (4), ra. Martha Powers 26 Oct. 1753, and had Jesse,
h. 9 Feb. 1755; Eleanor, b. 23 Oct 1757; Martha, b. 11 June 1759 (bap. 24
Sep. 1758 ; it would seem that the date of birth should be 1758, and the date
of the preceding birth 1756) ; Joseph, b. 22 June 1760; Mary, b. 4 Ap. 1763;
Challis, b. 6 Feb. 1765; Lucinda, b. 8 Jan. 1771, d. 8 Feb. 1773. Joseph the
f. was a housewright, and appears to have resided on the Barre road, at or
near the place marked " Dr. Stone " on the R. Map. He was a partner with
Deac. Joseph Allen in the hazardous enterprise ot erecting, at their own risk,
the spacious meeting-house which was corapleted in 1771. He was corarais
sioned lieutenant ot Capt Daniel Wheeler's company of militia in 1771, and
reraoved to AVoodstock, Vt., in 1777, where he d. 19 Jan. 1798; his w. Martha
d. 31 Mar. 1804, a. 73.
6. Challis, s. of Joseph (4), m. Rebecca, dau. of Thomas Winslow, 10
July 1755; she d.  , and he m. Lydia, dau. of Jonathan Warner, 8 Feb.
1760. His chU. were Elizabeth, b. 7 Dec. 1755; Anna, b. 27 Aug. 1757, d.
7 Ap. 1759; Anna, b. 22 Feb. 1761; Jonas, b. 23 July 1763; Jonathan, b._27
Feb. 1766, went with his mother to Bennington in 1777, studied medicine
prob. with his step-father. Dr. Jonas Fay, settled at Pawlet, Vt., in 1793, and
"was a successful and popular practitioner until his death in 1821, aged 56
(55). Dr. [Jonathan] Safford raised a large family: Horace, Jonathan W.,
Edwin B., Annis, Eliza, Delia, and Caroline; "i Robert, b. 17 July 1768;
Challis, b. 15.Ap. 1771, was carried to Bennington in 1777, m. Betsey Doty 1
Noy. 1796, and rem. to Enosburg, Vt, in 1800, where he was elected deacon
in 1833 ; he was a farmer, and "won the confidence and friendship of his fel
low-citizens in a remarkable degree. It was not known that he had an eneray.
In poUtics he was a Federalist of the old school. ... He died Aug. 22, 1841,
in the 71st year of his age ; and the people said ' a good raan and true has
gone to his rest.' " ^ Challis the f., in the record of his first raarriage, is
described as ot Rutland (prob. Rutland District, now Barre), but seeras to
have becorae an inhabitant ot Hk. immediately afterwards, and res. at^the
north end of the Coramon, on or near the place marked " P. Hammond " on
the R. Map. He was a, physician, and during the French AVar served two
campaigns in tbe regiraent ot Col. Ruggles, — as surgeon in 1767, and sur
geon's mate in 1 759. His useful lite had an eariy close; the date of his death
fs not found, but the inventory of his estate was rendered 21 June 1771. His
w. Lydia m. Dr. Jonas Fay of Bennington, the famous Vermont patriot and
politician, 20 Nov. 1777.
1 Hist, of Pawlet, p. 233. 2 Vermont Hist. Magazine, ii. 156-158.

492 SAFFORD - SEARS.
7. Philip, s. of Joseph (4), was a "joyner" or carpenter, and resided
here as early as 1755. He subsequently rera. to Rockingbara, Vt, ra. 
Bigelow, and had several children. He served in the French AVar during five
campaigns, 1755-1759, and on the roll for 1756 was described as 20 years old,
and born in Ipswich. In his last carapaign 1759, he held the office ot lieuten
ant; he had previously been a druraraer ; and he must have been a good one,
as he was the drum-major, 1757, in the regiment of Col. Ruggles, of which
his brother, Dr. Challis Safford, was surgeon.
8. Ebenezer, s. of Joseph (4), m. Abiel, dau. of Elisha Higgins, 24 Nov.
1759, and had Ebenezer, b. 9 Dec. 1759. He served in the French AVar dur
ing the campaigns of 1757, 1769, and 1760, — the last year as sergeant; on
the roll for 1759 he is described as 21 years old. Whether he died whUe
attached to the army does not appear; but his w. Abiel m. Israel Johnson 29
Dee 1761.
Sampson, John S., by w. Lydia S., had Alice N., b. 12 Feb. 1850.
2. Perez B., by w. Arminda R., had Francis, b. 16 Ap. 1861.
Rachel, of Terapleton, ra. Capt Elijah Warner 15 May 1786. Olive,
m. Allen Cobb 1 Jan. 1795. Betsey, m. GUes Warner 4 May 1809.
Sanger, Eleazar, by w. Mary, had Eleazar and Abner, twins, b. 12 Mar.
1739; Mary, b. 2 May 1741; Elizabeth, b. 6 Sep. 1743. Eleazar the f. was
son of Nathaniel Sanger of 'Woodstock, formerly a part of Worcester County,
but now embraced in Connecticut. He was a farraer, and rera. frora AVood
stock to Hk. in 1735, and apparently resided near the line of Barre. In Feb.
1 746 he sold to Elisha Hedge 300 acres of land, lying on both sides of Moose
Brook, and bounded north on the Barre line. He prob. soon afterwards rem.
to Petershara (then called Nichewoag), where he was residing in August
1751. 2. George J., was pastor of the Union Church and Society (the old First
Parisli), from 1856 to 1864. His w. Sarah E., d. 7 May 1868, a. 33, and he
m. Susan V., dau. of Gardner Bartholomew, 31 May 1859. In the War of the
Rebellion he served his country, first as lieutenant of infantry, and afterwards
as chaplain, and was taken prisoner at Galveston. He rem. to Webster in
1864, and subsequently to Danvers.
Saunders, Robert, m. Hannah Walker of Pet, pub. 30 Aug. 1768. Mary
H., of Boston, m. Nathaniel Oliver 2d, pub. 18 Dec. 1846.
Sears, Richard, m. Dorothy Thacher in 1632, and had Knyvet; Paul; Si
las ; Deborah,m. Zechariah Paddock. Richard the f. came to Plymouth in
1630, and settled in the easterly part ot Yarmouth (now Dennis), where he d.
in 1676, a. 86 ; his w. Dorothy d. in 1680.
2. Silas, s. of Richard (1), ra.  , and had Silas, b.  ; Thomas, h.
1664; Richard, b.  ; Hannah, b. 1672, ra. Thomas Snow of Eastham; Jo
seph, b.  ; Josiah, b.  ; Elizabeth, b.  ; ra. John Cook; Dorrity. Si
las the f. was a lieutenant, res. in Yarmouth, where he d. 13 Jan. 1698, a. 60.
3. Joseph, s. of SUas (2), ra. Hannah Hall 1700, and had Priscilla,b. 
1701 ; Hannah, b.  1703; Zechariah, b.  1706 ; Joseph, b.  1708 ;
Stephen, b.  1710; Rowland, b.  1711 ; Barnabas, b.  1714; Peter,
b.  1716; Bethia, b.  1718; Silas, b. 1720, "went to Rochester;"
Thankful, b.  1723. Joseph the f. res. in East Dennis. (Thus far, I
have been guided by the Sears Genealogy (appended to Pictures of the Olden
Times), Freeman's History of Cape Cod, and Savage's Gen. Dictionary.)
4. Rowland (generally written Roland), s. of Joseph (3), m. Mary, dau.
ot John Freeraan of Rochester, pub. 11 Nov. 1738, and had in Hk. Freeman,
b. 25 July 1740; Barnabas, b. 20 Nov. 1743; Thankful, b. 15 July 1745, m.
John Cobb 19 July 1764; Elisha, b. 6 June 1748, ni. Hannah Sears 31 Oct
1771; Mercy, b. 11 Ap. 1761, ra. Reuben Snow 11 May 1769; Hannah, b. 20
Feb. 1754, m. Ezekiel Baker, pub. 2 Oct 1785; Mary, bap. 4 June 1758. Ro
land the f., in the record of his marriage at Rochester, is described as ot
Upton ; but he seems to have rem. to Hk. before the birth ot his first child, and
in 1742 bought land on Moose Brook, near Barre. He was a " bloomer," i or
I "Bloom, a mass of iron that has passed the^blomary, or undergone the first ham-

SEARS— SELLON. 493
foroer of iron, and his forge was prob. on the site ot what has long been called
" '.Taylor's Mills." He was lieutenant of militia, a soldier in the llevolutionary
War, selectman five years, after which he rera. to Greenwich, where he res. in
1787, when he took the oath of allegiance, having been involved in the Shays
Rebellion. His wife Mary was dismissed from the church in Hk. to the church
in Gr. 13 Sep. 1779.
6. Barnabas, s. ot Joseph (3), m. Thankful, dau. of John Freeman, at
Rochester, 25 Sep. 1732, and is said (in Sears Gen. p. 32) to have had two
SOBS, Barnabas and Stephen; he had in Hk. Mary, b. 27 Ap. 1738, m. Capt.
Jonatban^Fletcher of Rut. District (Barre), 1 May 1760. Barnabas the f.
was a " bloomer," prob. an associate of his brother Roland, and had rem. from
Roch. to Hk. before the birth ot his dau. in 1738. He rem. to Brk., where he
purchased one eighth part of certain " iron-works," 5 Jan. 1740, and did not
survive quite two years ; his inventory was rendered 28 Oct. 1 741 ; his brother
Roland settled the estate, and seems to have adopted the dau. Mary, who was
bap. in Hk. 11 Sep. 1743, being styled in the record " nephew of Uolon Sears."
6. Silas, perhaps s. of Joseph (3), by w. Deborah, had Barnabas, b. 21
Mar. 1763, possibly the Capt. Barnabas Sears who d. at Amh. 26 Feb. 1850,
and was described as b. in Hardwick, and 84 years of age.
7. Freeman, s. of Roland (4), m. Mehetabel, dau. of Andrew HaskeU, 22
Oct 1761, and had Roland, b. 24 Dec. 1762, and d. at Gr. 22 Mar. 1861;
Andrew Haskell, b. 29 Mar. 1765, m. (then res. in Gr.) Rachel Stetson, —
Mar. 1787; Melicent, b. 20 Sep. 1767, m.  Field, and d. in Erving 6 Mar.
1853, a. 86 ; il/ary, b. 17 Feb. 1771 ; Me?-cj/,b. 23 Jan. 1774; Charles Doolittle, b.
7 Oct 1775. Freeman thef. prob. rem. to Gr. before 2 Feb. 1779, when his
w. Mehetabel was disraissed trom the church in Hk. to the church in Gr.
8. Barnabas, s. ot Roland (4), or possibly s. of Barnabas (5), ra. Rachel
BuUard ot Rut District (Barre) in 1 764, and had John, b. 2 Aug. 1 765 ; Han
nah, b. 4 Mar. 1767; Joseph, b. 12 Ap. 1769; Moses, b. 22 Ap. 1771 ; Barnabas,
b. 18 May 1773, d. 2 June 1773 ; Freeman, bap. 15 May 1774, d. 18 June
1774; Mary, b. 10 June 1775. Barnabas the f. was a farmer, and res. on part
of the horaestead. His military service during the Revolution was abundant
and conspicuous. He was sergeant ot the company of " minute-raen " which
marched on the Lexington alarra, 19 Ap. 1775; he returned and assisted Capt.
Samuel Billings in organizing a corapany for the regular service, of which be
was coraraissioned lieutenant 23 May 1775, and was captain of a corapany in
the Dorchester Camp 15 Feb. 1776. He was elected major of Col. Holraan's
regiment 26 June 1776, and in 1781 is mentioned as "Lieut. Colonel, Com
mandant," in the three months' service, when his residence was in Greenwich.
In the troublous times which followed the Revolution, like many other officers
and soldiers, he was concerned in the unlawful effort for relief, which is styled
the Shays Rebellion or Insurrection. His offence was pardoned by the gov
ernment, and he subscribed the oath of allegiance in 1787. He rem. to Green
wich, prob. before 13 Sep. 1779, when his w. Rachel was disra. from the church
in Hk. to the church in Gr.
Barnabas, d. 3 Oct 1838, a. 67. Abigail (wid. of Barnabas), d. 4 Dec.
1860, a. 80. Abigail, ra. Charles S. Smith ot Barre 21 Sep. 1841. Sarah
A., ra. WiUiam A. F. Weeks ot Oakham, pub. 20 Sep. 1859. Nettie O., of
Gr., ra. Sylvester S. Cleveland 2 Dec. 1863. Lucius E., of Gr., ra. Sarah E.
King 10 Jan. 1865.
Seaver, Moses, was a soldier in the French War 1755. Lucy, m. Na
thaniel Jackson of Gr., pub. 10 Jan. 1792. LucY, ra. Ezra Leonard, pub. 5
July 1807. LuTHEK, m. Salome Jackson, pub. 4 Nov. 1808 ; she d. 13 Ap.
1809, a. 22.
Sellon, John, Jr., was quartermaster in the French War, 1761, and was
prob. the sarae who bought ot Isaac Abbott thirty acres of land adjoining
Gr. 9 Jan. 176 7, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, 1776, and m. Martha
Moseley, at Sutton, 26 Nov. 1778.
mering." "Blomakt (or Bloomaky), the first forge through which iron passes after it
' is melted fromtheore." Webster.

494 SELLON— SHURTLEFF.
Nancy, m. Sylvanus Purinoton, pub. 3 July 1780. Samuel, of Leverett,
m. Abigail Moseley pub. 22 Jan. 1786. John, m. Rebecca Leech (or Luch)
of Bel.Tpub. 25 Sep. 1796.
Sessions, Josiah T., ra. Sarah A., dau. of Benjamin W. Sherman, 28
Mar. 1872, and had Anna W., b. — Nov. 1873; George F., b. 10 Dee 1877;
Ansel Benjamin, b. 8 Oct. 1880.
Shaw, Jesse, m. Paulina, dau. of Joseph CroweU, 19 Dec. 1813, and had
a child d. 17 Mar. 1814, a. 11 days.
2. Loren, m. Lucy H. Totman 17 Mar. 1846, and had Charles Henry, h.
22 July 1850.
3. William H., m. Lucy A.  , and had Abby Eliza, b. 8 Jan. 1861;
a dau. b. 1 Dec. 1863.
Ginnet (Jeanette), m. David Ayers 21 Dec. 1742. Andrew, m. Anne
Blair 17 Nov. 1749. Thomas, ra. Elizabeth Phinney of Pet 7 June 1777.
John, of Brk., ra. Kezia Charaberlain 12 June 1780. Mehetabel, ra.
Oliver Harris, pub. 16 Ap. 1780. Hannah, ra. Thoraas Reed Sraith 8 Mar.
1792. Louisa, m. Alvah Wood of Northampton 6 Ap. 1824. Chauncey
R., of Bel., ra. Eunice M. ElweU 24 May 1831. Oziel, ot Ware, ni. Levina
Bassett 10 May 1836.
Sherman, Benjamin W., ra. Lydia  , and had Elizabeth, b.  , d.
19 June 1842, a. 1; Lucy, b. 17 May 1843, d. 15 Oct. 1847; Arery, b. 15
Nov. 1847, d. 9 June 1849; Anna, b. 28 Jan. 1849; Sarah Adeline, b. 22 Feb.
1850, m. Josiah T. Sessions 28 Mar. 1872; a son, stUl-born, 28 July 1862;
George, b.  , d. 19 Sep. 1855, a. 3 days; Charles W., b. 24 Mar. 1859, d. 24
July 1859. Benjamin W. the f., a farmer, res. a little more than half a mile
north frora the Common, at the place marked " S. Berry " on the R. Map.
2. Horace R., ra. Frances  , and had Clara Dustin, h. 1 Ap. 1849, d.
15 Ap. 1860.
Mary, of Grafton, ra. John Cooper 15 Mar. 1748-9. William, of Roch
ester, ra. Hannah Steward 11 Sep. 1766. John, of Barre, m. Mrs. Sally
Allen 3 Dee 1835. Mary S., ra. James H. Severance of Boston 9 Jan.
1866. Shugrue, Patrick, m. Bridget  , and had Abbie, b. 11 Feb. 1858;
John, b. about Dec. 1859, d. 1 Ap. 1860, a. 3 months. Patrick the f., b. in
Ireland, d. 9 Oct. 1879, a. 44.
2. Cornelius, m. Mary J. Higgins, pub. 17 Jan. 1861, and had Mary, b.
19 Mar. 1868; Julia, b. 16 Dec. 1869; Johanna, b. 16 Aug. 1871; Catherine,
b. 16 Sep. 1872.
3. John, m. Mary  , and had John, b. 9 Mar. 1872; Timothy, b. 16
Aug. 1873; Agnes, b. 11 Jan. 1877.
Julia, m. James Sullivan, pub. 6 Dec. 1858. Julia, m. Florence Mahoney
of Holyoke, pub. 17 Feb. 1863. Patrick, ra. Hannah Fleming 15 Jan. 1865.
Michael, m. Hannah Bresnihan of AVare 26 Nov. 1868. Mary, ra. AViUiam
Daunt, Jr., 3 Feb. 1878. John, d. 29 Aug. 1880, a. 75.
Shumway, Perez, ot Pet., ra. Sarah Dwight 3 Ap. 1811, and had Relief,
bap. 2 Aug. 1812, and ra. Joseph A. Gould, pub. 18 Jan. 1839, as a resident
in Petersham; Eliza Flagg, bap. (adult) 25 June 1820, m. James P. Rooers
5 Mar. 1822, and d. 8 Aug. 1881, a. 81. °
Levius, ot Barre, m. Mary Eliza Bolster 17 Aug. 1834. Zemira F., ra.
Rhoda W. Rogers 11 Feb. 1835. Zemira F., ot Pet (prob. the sarae), m.
Mrs. Lucinda Dexter 1 Oct 1856. Alfred, d. 30 Sep. 1821, a. 14.
Shurtleff, Jedediah, m. Lucy Newhall ot Danvers 7 July 1785, and
had Otis, b. 15 Sep. 1787, ra. Lydia, dau. of Maj. Seth Hinkley, 14 Feb.
1810; Clarissa, b. 10 Oct 1790; twins b. 10 May 1794, and d. 12 and 13 May
1794; Thomas Newhall, b. 2 Ap. 1796, d. 11 Nov. 1798; Fairman Newhall, b.
28 Ap. 1799. Jedediah the f. was a tailor, and went from house to house
to make garments. He was larae and thriftless. After a temporary absence
from the town he became a pauper, and with his wife returned and received
public aid for the remainder of life. He d. 26 Mar. 1845, a. 82; his w Lucv
d. 5 Ap. 1838, a. 77. >'-.)'

SHURTLEFF — SLOAN. 495
2. Jonas, m. Dolly Hawes of N. Br. 27 Mar. 1794, and had Beriah Hawes,
b. 19 June 1795.
Hkman, ra. Sally Merrick 30 Nov. 1788.
Sibley, Sardius, had Sardius, J., b.  ; and hy second wife, Mary
 , had Mary Jane, b. 25 June 1886; Leander, b. 10 July 1838 ; Charlotte
Ellen, b. 3 Aug. 1840; Julia Maria, b. 6 July 1842, m. Samuel S. Dennis 26
Nov. 1863; Emily Louisa, b. 22 Aug. 1844, d. 16 Feb. 1848. Sardius the f.
d. 16 Feb. 1845, a. 41.
2. Sumner, m. Anna G.  , and had Frances Jane, h. 11 July 1843;
John Braman, h. 8 Nov. 1847; a dau. b. 15 Sep. 1849.
3. AVaterville (or AValter), of Brk., m. Hannah, dau. of Cyrus Dan
forth, 29 Mar. 1843, and had, in Hk., Martha Maria, b. 8 Jan. 1845; Delphia
Jane, b. 15 Nov. 1846 ; Ella Frances, b. 4 Feb. 1848.
4. Sardius J., s. of Sardius (1), m. Augusta M. Newcorab, pub. 9 Nov.
1856, and had Frederick, b. 5 Feb. 1859; Charles Sardius, b. 5 Dec. 1862;
Minnie Augusta, b. 4 July 1867; Estelle (or Annie G.), b. 6 Aug. 1869, d. 16
Aug. 1869. Sardius J., a farmer, res. on the road to Ware, at the place
marked "Keyes Tyler " on the R. Map.
5. Leander, s. of Sardius (1), was an assessor eleven years, from 1862 to
1873, except 1868, and a member of the school committee in 1872 and 1873.
He rem. to Spencer, with his raother, and was afterwards married.
Samuel, m. Sarah IngersoU of Pet., pub. 29 Aug. 1773. Molly, m.
Stephen Woodward of Pet 13 May 1777. Eunice, of N. Sal., ra. Adonijah
Dennis, pub. 1 May 1780. Elisha, ra. Elizabeth Twitchel of Athol 1 Nov.
1781. Betsey, m. Samuel Worden of Pet. 30 June 1785. Abijah, m.
Patty Corey 29 Sep. 1786. Braman B., ot Enf., ra. Maria A. Utley 31
Dec. 1833. Sarah C, of Auburn, m. Constant Southworth, pub. 27 Dec.
1838. Ann Maria, of Barre, ra. Henry Wilkins, pub. 24 Oct 1841. Caro
line A., Ul. AA'illiara A. AVarner, Jr., 16 Nov. 1860. Isaac (b. in Sutton),
d. 5 Mar. 1853, a. 73.
Simmons, Taylor, d. 17 Nov. 1819, a. 39. Susan, m. John Thayer, pub.
7 Feb. 1820.
Simonds, Abigail, m. Joseph Marsh 17 May 1750. Judah, ra. Thankful
AUis 28 May 1777. Hannah, of Ware, m. David Aiken 15 July 1765, and
d. 28 July 1837, a. 97. Sarah, ot Barre, ra. Frederick Henry, pub. 24 Nov.
1791. Philena, m. Robert Parker, pub. 13 May 1811. Sarah, ra. John
Towne, pub. 2 Nov. 1868.
Simpson, Nathaniel, had w. Dulcinea, who d. 12 Feb. 1834, a. 41, and
he ra. Sarah, dau. of Sarauel Spooner, 12 Mar. 1835; she d. 23 July 1846, a.
46, and he ra. Harriet N. Denio, 23 Dec. 1847, and had Homer Nathaniel, b.
13 Aug. 1850, d. 20 Mar. 1864; Harriet Isabel, b. 7 Nov. 1852, d. 21 Dec.
1858. Nathaniel the f. was b. in Wardsboro', Vt, carae to Hk. about 1820,
was an honest and industrious shoemaker, and res. on the turnpike about three
quarters ot a raile east ot the Coraraon, at the place raarked "Mr. Stimpson"
on the R. Map; he d. 18 Dec. 1876, a. nearly 85 years.
2. Joseph, ra. Adeline  , and had Adeline, b. 20 June 1865; Mary Z.,
b. 21 Aug. 1867.
Slaney, William, m. Anna  , and had Sarah Gertrude, b. 11 Sep.
1864; Frederick James, b. 19 Aug. 1866; Alice Anna, b. 25 June 1871.
Mary A., ra. John H. Fay 16 Aug. 1877.
Sleeper, Samuel, m. Lucy Ellen  , and had Emma M., b. about 1834,
d. 27 Sep. 1848, a. 14; Clarissa Ann, b. 28 Nov. 1843, d. 12 June 1849; George
W. P., b. 1 Ap. 1846; L. Webster, b. 15 Mar. 1850; a dau., still-born, 15 Mar.
1852. 2. Curtis C. (s. of Timothy and Ruth), m. Fanny, dau. of George C. Rich
ardson, 8 Mar. 1873, and had Mary Eliza, b. 5 Dec. 1873; Effie Louisa, b. 4
May 1875; Samuel Curtis, b. 24 June 1877; a dau. b. 10 Ap. 1879; a dau.
still-born, 29 Ap. 1880.
Sloan, Willard, ra. Alma, dau. of Ezra Clark, and had Melina, b. 27 Feb.
1822, m. Charles P. Brown of Woodstock, Conn., 24 Oct 1849; Julia Ann,

496 SLOAN— SMITH.
b. 6 Dec. 1825; Ezra C, b. 1 July 1827; Dwight, b. 10 Ap. 1830; Daniel P.,
b. 1 May 1832, d. 1 Oct. 1833 ; Luthera A., b. 10 May 1835, d. 29 May 1853, a.
18; Elisha Winslow, h. 18 Mar. 1837; Elizabeth Paige, b. 7 Jan. 1844; Marian
Louisa, b. 28 Jan. 1846 ; Elnora, b. 10 June 1848. Willard 'the f., a farmer,
res. on the road to Gr., about two miles westerly from the Comraon, at the
place raarked " W. Sloan " on the R. Map.
2. Jonathan Shipman, brother of Willard (1), had perraission from the
General Court to take the name of Henry Clinton. He m. Mary Eliza,
dau. of Jacob Earl, 18 Ap. 1844, and d.s. p. (accidentally kUled by the faU of
a tree) 26 Mar. 1855, a. 47.
3. James, ra. Celia J. Richardson 16 Mar. 1837, and was, perhaps, the same
who d. at Dana 1 Dee 1875, a. 69.
Smith, Benjamin, was one of the earliest and most energetic pioneers in
the settlement ot the town. Though not one of the original purchasers, he
became a proprietor of the township by vote passed at a proprietors' meeting
held in Roxbury 21 Feb. 1732-33 : " Voted, that Benjamin Sraith, who raar
ried one of the heirs of John Curtice, deceased, sence he has carryed on his
part of the charge with us, 'tis ordered that the said Benjarain Smith shall
have recorded to hira the ninth part of the said John Curtises share." He
was a farmer, and res. on the old River road, about a mile southerly trom the
Furnace, at the place marked " A. Rice " on the R. Map. AVhen the General
Court granted to the inhabitants, 1 Dec. 1 736, authority to elect certain officers
to raanage their affairs, previous to their incorporation as a town, Mr. Sraith
was authorized to call the first raeeting for that purpose; at which, oil the 9th
of Feb. 1736-7, he presided as raoderator, and was elected chairman of the
board of selectmen. He served on several important committees, and at the
first ineeting after the incorporation of tbe town, in 1739, was again elected to
the office of selectman. He carae here trom Roxbury, where his first wife d.,
and he m. Experience, dau. ot John Curtis, 21 Mar. 1716-17; she d., and he
m. Hannah PhUlips 23 Ap. 1724. His chil. were Olive, b. about 1714, m. Ezra
Leonard 1 June 1737, and d. 16 Feb. 1798; Elizabeth, b. about 1716, ra. James
Robinson 3 July 1739; Benjamin, b. 6 Mar. 1718; Samuel, b. 9 Ap. 1721;
Caleb, b. 21 Feb. 1724-5; Hannah, b. 24 Jan. 1727; Mary, b. 26 Mar. 1729.
Benjamin the f. appears to have rem. to Rutland before 1747, and to have
res. there several years ; but according to a tradition related to me, nearly half
a century ago, by a lady then about ninety years old, he returned and spent
his last days in the faraily of his daughter, Olive Leonard, surviving to extreme
old age. He was certainly living 16 May 1769, when he executed an imper
fect will, now in possession of Mr. J. F. Morris of Hartford, one of his pos
terity. 2. Moses, m. Mary  , and had Mary, bap. 1 Jan. 1737-8; he prob. d.
before 28 Ap. 1751, at which date Moses, son of " AVidow Mary Sraith " then
residing at Ware River, was bap. here.
3. Edward, ra. Dorcas, dau. of Rev. Benjamin Ruggles of N. Br. 25 Aug.
1757, and had Dorcas, bap. 9 Dec. 1759, m. Soloraon Pledge 8 Mar. 1781;
Susanna, bap. 17 Nov. 1765, ra. Israel Aiken of Windsor 23 Sep. 1784; John,
bap. 7 May 1769; Samuel, bap. 16 June 1771. Edward the f. was a cooper,
and res. here as early as 10 Oct 1760, when he bought 165 acres of land ad
joining Quobbin (Greenwich), of Rev. Tiraothy Ruggles of Rochester. The
time of his death, or removal, is not ascertained.
4. AVilliam, m. Sarah  , and had, prob., William, b. about 1771; Eliza
beth, b. 21 Sep. 1778, ra. John Walker of Gr., pub. 16 Nov. 1806; Lucy, b. 20
Nov. 1780, prob. ra. Parks Ruggles 29 Nov. 1804; Lydia, b. 20 June 1783;
Mary, b. 8 May 1785, d. unm. 8 Nov. 1809. William the f. d. 27 Sep. 1813,
a. 74; his w. Sarah d. 19 Sep. 1831, a. 88.
5. Thomas Reed, perhaps s. ot William (4), m. Hannah Shaw 8 Mar. 1792,
and had Thomas, b. 26 Aug. 1792; Elias, b. 24 Feb. 1796, res. loniT in Gr., d.
in Ware 5 May 1879 ; Warren, b. 2 Aug. 1799. Thomas Reed the t. was a
farmer, res. near the line of Gr., about a quarter of a mile north of the turnpike,
at the place marked " T. R. Smith " on the R. Map, was selectraan five years,
and d. — June 1845, a. 77; his w. Hannah d. 6 Dec. 1858, a. 87.

SMITH. 497
6. AVilliam, prob. s. of WiUiam (4), m. Lucy, dau. of Benjainin Ruoo-Ies,
14 Feb. 1805, and had Ruggles, b. — Mar. 1806; William Hanson, b. 16°June
1812, d. 4 Mar. 1846 ; Sarah Reed, b.  . William the f. d. 4 May 1816,
a. 45; his w. Lucy d. 15 June 1867, a. nearly 83.
7. John, m. Hannah, dau. of AVarhani Warner of N. Br., 1 Sep. 1793,
and had in Hk. Warner, h. — 1796, d. in Barre 28 Jan. 1867, a. 71; and
prob. others. John the t. was a cabinet-maker, and res. generally in Barre;
but he bouoht of James Lawton, 26 Mar. 1792, the estate near the Common,
marked " AV. Mandell " on the R. Map, which he sold to Elijah B. Harmon
30 July 1798, and returned to Barre.
8. Oliver B., m. Mary  , and had Charles S., h. at N. Sal., 22 Sep. 1817;
at AVaitsfield, Vt, Frances B., b. 13 Nov. 1819; Mary A., b. 23 Aug. 1821;
Fanny R., b. 26 JMay 1823 ; Horace S., b. 2 Ap. 1825 ; and after he carae to
Hk., Lucy H, b. 7 Oct. 1827, m. Jason Cleveland 30 Jan. 1843; Sarah M., b.
30 Oct. 1829 ; Jane E., b. 9 May 1831 ; Eliza Ann, b. 6 Ap. 1833.
9. AVarren, s. ot Thomas Reed (6), ra. Pamela  , and bad Caroline,
b. 14 Sep. 1830. Warren the f. was captain ot cavalry, and d. 1 Sep. 1841,
a. 42.
10. Moses, s. of Moses, and b. in Sterling, m. Adelaide, dau. of Charles
Paige, 25 Dee 1834, and had John R., b. 16 Oct. 1836, d. 25 Aug. 1838 ; John
R., b. 17 Mar. 1839; Charles Moses, b. 8 July 1854, d. unm. 13 Feb. 1877.
Moses the f. in early lite was a merchant, but was obliged to abandon active
pursuits by severe chronic rheumatism. He afterwards bought, and for many
years occupied, the estate on the westerly side ot the Common, formerly the
residence of Daniel Ruggles, Esq., and marked " D. R." on the R. Map.
He d. 23 Feb. 1881, a. 79.
11. Ruggles, s. of WiUiam (6), m. Hannah D. Bonney of Chesterfield,
pub. 16 Mar. 1838, and had Eleanor Augusta, b. 6 Mar. 1839.
12. Charles S., prob. s. of Oliver B. (8), m. Abigail Sears 21 Sep. 1841,
and had Ellen Elvira, b. 11 Oct 1842, d. 31 July 1844; Ellen S., b. 23 Aug.
1844. 13. Benton, was ordained pastor of the Universalist church and society 2
July 1845. He ra. Maria L. Sprague of Boston, pub. 26 Aug. 1845, and had
William Benton, h. 22 July 1846. He rera. in 1849 to Shirley Village, and
subsequently to So. Reading, Chatham, Waltham, and Newmarket, N. fl., and
returned to Waltham. He was for many years the very efficient secretary of
the State Convention of Universalists in Massachusetts. His w. Maria L. d.
at AValtham 5 Nov. 1882, a. 63.
14. Andrew, ra. Margaretta  , and had Charles Frederick, b. 4 Aug.
1848. 15. Benjamin, ra. Sophronia  , and had a dau. (name not recorded),
b. 26 Oct. 1849 ; the raother prob. d. 29 Ap. 1874, a. 61.
16. Thomas, m. Alice H.  , and had Mary, b. 26 Nov. 1851 ; Alice, b.
10 Aug. 1863; Rosanna, b. 1 Jan. 1856; Margaret, b. 1 July 1857; Thomas,
b. 24 Sep. 1859; William, h. 8 Dec. 1861 ; John, b. 2 Ap. 1864.
17. John, ra. Elizabeth  , and had Mary Anna, b. 20 June 1853; John
W., b. 16 Jan. 1855; and prob. Catherine Jane, b. 10 May 1860.
18. CONSTANTINE, m. Julia A. Thayer 3 July 1856, and had Constantine,
b. 25 Feb. 1862.
19. Royal, ra. Catherine  , and had Margaret, b. 17 Aug. 1868.
20. James M., m. Martha  , and had George WUliam, b. 4 May 1862;
Frederick Austin, b. 26 Feb. 1876, d. 9 Nov. 1875.
21. William, m. Agnes  , and had Thomas, b. 14 Nov. 1867.
Hannah, m. Samuel Howe of Rut. 29 May, 1739. Sarah, ra. Jacob
Knowlton, pub. 1 Nov. 1762. Joseph, m. Jane Smith of Pet. 26 Aug. 1768.
Mary, of Bel., m. Capt. Benjamin Ruggles 28 Dee 1778. Kezia, ra. John
Giffin 22 July 1783. Rhoda, ot Pet, m. John Jameson 15 Dec. 1785. Bet
sey, of Ware, m. Timothy Barlow, pub. 6 June 1791. Hannah, m. John
Baker of Pelh., pub. 15 Feb. 1794. Rebecca, ra. Levi Higgins ot Gr. 7 Jan.
1796. Abigail, m. Obed Lain, 16 Feb. 1802. Samuel, m. Cynthia Mason
32

498 SMITH— SNOW.
22 Dec. 1803. Sally, m. Archippus Thayer of Mansfield 29 Nov. 1804.
Eleanor, ra. Zenas Cobb 2 June 1805. Mary, ot Gr., m. AquUa CoUins 18
Oct. 1807. Triphena, of Dana, m. Ephraira Hodges, Jr., pub. 25 Dec. 1815.
Orrel, of Ware, ra. Moses M. Warner, pub. 30 Dec. 1816. Sally, of Pet.,
ra. Royal Cleveland, pub. 3 Ap. 1820. Nancy M., of N. Sal., ra. Sarauel R.
Aiken, pub. 24 Ap. 1826. Amos K., ot Wendell, m. Anna W. Dexter 12
June 1826. Dr. James M., of New Haven, m. Martha Ann Paige 26 Nov.
1829. Nancy R., ot Barre, m. Maj. Jaraes Danforth, pub. 11 Sep. 1830.
Mary L., ra. Convers C. Rogers 20 June 1833. Martha, ra. Gamaliel Col
lins, 13 Oct 1834. Ransford L., of Hopkinton, ra. Lydia Ruggles 25 Mar.
1839. Sylvia S., of Gr., m. Justus Johnson, pub. 28 Feb. 1840. Sarah R.,
m. Daniel H. Fay of Southboro' 1 Ap. 1841. Melona, m. Elbridoe Hill of
Holden, pub. 19 May 1841. Luther, ra. Elizabeth E. Grant 21 July 1847.
Charles B., of AV. Brk., m. Lucy A. Elwell 25 Dec. 1860. Jonathan P.,
ot Gr., m. Mary S. Earl 6 Dec. 1853. Julia Ann, ra. Francis P. Weeks 26
June 1872. Mrs. Lizzie, ra. Gardner S. Davis 23 Mar. 1874. Mary S.,
m. Otis B. Richardson 14 Ap. 1877.
Eleanor, d. 14 Oct 1823, a. 16. John, d. 10 June 1829, a. 39 (he had
buried two chUdren in August 1825, names not recorded, one a. 3 years, the
other a. 1 year). Sally, w. of Minor, d. 17 Oct. 1829, a. 36. George, d.
9 Nov. 1831, a. 70. Susan, d. 28 June 1838, a. 14. Elizabeth, w. of Wil
liam, d. 7 Oct. 1865, a. 26. Andrew, d. 14 Aug. 1859, a. 62. ISfrs. Thank
ful, d. 22 Nov. 1872, a. 74.
I have found it impracticable to give a full account of the several families
bearing the name of Smith, who have res. here, or to show the connection, it
any, between thera, except in a very few cases. Many seem to have remained
here only a short tirae; raany undoubtedly neglected to register the birth of
their children ; and many deaths also were not recorded. 1 have mentioned
such births, marriages, and deaths as I could ascertain, in chronological order,
and regret ray inability to present a more satisfactory result.
Snow, Jesse, m.  , and had prob. Apollos, b.  1767; prob. Rebecca,
b.  1769, ra. Ephraira Lane 13 Nov. 1803, d. 20 Mar. 1835, a. 65; Jesse,
b. 29 Sep. 1771; Mary, b. 7 Mar. 1775, ra. Abel AValker, Jr., 26 Jan. 1797;
he d.  , and she ra.  Crawford, and d. in Gr. 18 Feb. 1866, a. nearly
90. There raay have been other chil. before the parents came here. Jesse
the f. res. in the westerly part of the town, prob. at the place marked " B.
Snow" on the R. Map, about tour and a halt miles from the Coramon; he d.
in June 1825, a. 96; his w. Mary d. 5 Feb. 1813, a. 77.
2. Reuben, ra. Mercy, dau. of Roland Sears, 11 May 1769, and had Sam
uel, b. 28 May 1770; Stephen, b. 16 May 1772; Barnabas, b. 22 Aug. 1774, d.
31 Oct. 1775; Barnabas, h. 11 May 1778, according to the record ; but prob.
the date is wrong, as the date of his baptism is 8 June 1777.
3. Jonathan, of Harwich, bought a farra here 1 May 1770, which he sold
to Simeon Hazeltine 9 Dec. 1771, caUing it his horaestead; but no record is
found of his faraily.
4. Apollos, prob. s. ot Jesse (1), ra. Leah Packard ot Bel., pub. 14 July
1794, and had Barnabas, b. — Nov. 1796 ; Clarissa, b.  1798, m. George
W. Knapp ot Franklin, 21 Sep. 1823, and d. in Dana 29 May 1874, a. 75
years and 6 months; perhaps also Hiram, and others. Apollos the f. was a
farmer, prob. inherited the homestead, and d. 1 Nov. 1843, a. 76. The names
of his chil. and gr. chU. indicate that he was son of Reuben (2), rather than
ot Jesse (1) ; but if he was 76 years old when be d. in 1843, he raust have been
born as early as 1767, whereas Reuben (2) was not raarried until 1769.
5. Barnabas, s. of Apollos (4), ra. Eunice, dau. of Frederick Wicker, pub.
3 Feb. 1817, and had Alanson, b.  1820, d. 3 Mar. 1843, a. 23; Reuben A.,
b-  1823; Cyrus, b.  1825, d. 21 Ap. 1840, a. 15; Susan M., b. 
1833, d. unra. 27 Jan. 1852, a. 18 years and 6 months. Barnabas the f.
prob. inherited the homestead; he d. in Ware 22 Dec. 1874, a. 79- his w
Eunice d. here 2 May 1869, a. 80. ' '
6. Hiram, perhaps s. of Apollos (4), m. Louisa F.  , and had Eugene,

SNOW— SOUTHWORTH. 499
b. — Ap. 1845, d. 31 Aug. 1845, a. 4 months. Louisa F. the mother d. 7
June 1860, a. nearly 52.
7. Reuben A., s. of Barnabas (5), m. Persis M., dau. ot Thomas Haskins,
pub. 16 Nov. 1849, and had Elmer Alanson, h. 28 Jan. 1852; Susan Maria; b.
19 Sep. 1853. Reuben A. the t. d. in Dana 23 Nov. 1862, a. 39.
8. Joseph P., m. Cordelia A. Sturtevant of Gr., pub. 29 Nov. 1851, and
had Cora Nelly, b. 28 Feb. 1857.
9. Charles L., m. Abby J.  , and had Samuel B., b. 9 Ap. 1858.
10. George F., m. Jane W.  , and had Frederick Henry, b. 11 Mar.
1868. Nabby, m. Sarauel Pike 17 Dee 1778, at Sutton. Bethany, ra. Nathaniel
Harriraan of Chesterfield 14 Mar. 1781. Sally, ra. Edward Allen ot New
AVindsor 30 Jan. 1783. Salome, m. Nathaniel Whitcorab, Jr., of Gr., pub.
26 Ap. 1789. Almond, m. Mary S. Newton 31 Dec. 1845. Fanny M., ra.
Franklin B. Newland, pub. 31 Jan. 1862. Mary (a widow), d. 17 Ap. 1840,
a. 85. Josephine, d. 18 Sep. 1842, a. 1 year and 6 months.
Southgate, Stewart (or Steward), ra. Deborah, dau. of Benjamin
Rayraond, 22 July 1773, and had Robert ScoU, b. 31 Jan. 1774; Elizabeth, b.
21 June 1775, d. young; Mercy, b. 29 May 1777, ra. Samuel Danforth at Bar
nard 9 Mar. 1800; Mary, b. 22 Sep. 1778 ; and at Barnard, Sally, b. 31 Oct.
1780; JoAn, b. 29 July 1783, d. 27 May 1790; Relief, b. 29 May 1785, d. 26
July 1796; Deborah, b. 27 Feb. 1787, d. 31 July 1795; Lynde, b. 2 Mar. 1789;
William, b. 22 Mar. 1791, d. 3 Aug. 1795; Joanna, b. 4 Feb. 1793, d. 8 Aug.
1795 ; Elizabeth, b. 17 June 1795, d. 20 July 1795. Stewart the f. was b.
in Leicester, 1748, being tbe youngest son of Stewart (or Steward), b. 1703,
and grandson ot Richard, who carae, with wife (Elizabeth Steward) and five
children, frora Coorabs, Suffolk County, England, in 1715, settled in Leices
ter three years later, and d. in 1 758, a. 88.1 jjg served in the Revolutionary
AA'^ar as a sergeant of Capt. Sarauel Billings' company, 1775. He did not
long reraain here, but rera. to Barnard, Vt., about 1780. Fifteen years after
wards he suffered a terrible domestic affliction : five of his children died of
canker-rash between 20 July and 8 Aug. 1795; less than three weeks. His w.
Deborah d. at Barnard 28 Feb. 1813, a. 58.
Southworth. " Widow Alice Southworth arrived at Plymouth, 1623, in
the third ship, called the Ann; and soon after was married to Governor Wil
liara Bradford ; she had two sons by her first husband, to wit. Constant and
Thomas, who came with her or soon afterward, and were quite young, Thomas,
not more than six years old. They both became distinguished raen in the
colony. Constant settled in Duxbury, and was one of the original proprietors of
Bridgewater, and d. 1678, leaving three sons, Edward, Nathaniel, and Wil
Uam. . . . Nathaniel had land towards Taunton, called Freeman's land, per
haps in Middleborough. Edward, of Middleborough, perhaps s. ot Nathaniel,
had four sons. Constant, Edward, Lemuel, and Benjamin, who all settled early
in North Bridgewater." ^
2. Constant, s. of Edward, as above, ra. Martha, dau. of Joseph Keith,
and had Betsey, b. 19 Jan. 1735, ra. Joseph Cole 8 Dec. 1757; Nathaniel, b. 16
Feb. 1737; Ezekiel, b. 10 Mar. 1739; Martha, twin, b. 18 Ap. 1741, d. 1 July
1741; Mary, twin, b. 18 Ap. 1741, d. 24 May 1741; Desire, b. 7 Sep. 1742, d.
28 Feb. 1747; Jedediah, b. 6 Jan. 1745; Constant, b. 29 Jan. 1747, d. young;
Sarah, b. 9 Dec. 1749, d. unm.; Ichabod, b. 9 June 1751,'d. 27 Jan. 1756.
Constant the f. res. in Bridgewater, and d. in 1775, a. 64.
3. Nathaniel, s. of Constant (2), m. Catherine, dau. ot David Howard, 27
Aug. 1762, and had Martha, b.  1764, d. young; Simeon, b.  1766;
Nathaniel, b.  1769, settled in Lyme, N. H.; David,b.  1773, d. young;
and by second wife (Jennet Brett) Catherine, b.  , m. Ambrose Keith 20
Oct. 1796. Nathaniel the f. res. in Bridgewater, and d. in 1778, a. 41.
4. Simeon, s. of Nathaniel (3), m. Elizabeth Anderson 24 Dee 1789; she
1 Washburn's Hist, of Leicester, pp. 395, 304, 305. See also Kingman's Hist, of
396. North Bridgewater, pp. 650-53.
2 Mitchell's Hist, of Bridgewater, pp.

600 SOUTHAVORTH — SPOONER.
d.  , and he m. Anna  . His chil. were Alvah, b.  , d. young ; Nancy,
b.  1801, d. unm. 20 Jan. 1881, a. nearly 80 ; Justin, b.  ; Sarah,  ;
Elizabeth,  ; Louisa,  ; Alvah, b. — 1811 ; Constant, b.  1814. Sim
eon tbe f. rem. to Ward (now Auburn), and afterwards to Lyme, N. H.,
where his sons Alvah and Constant were born.
5. Alvah, s. of Simeon (4), and Anna, carae early to Hk., ra. Fanny
Hunter of Prescott, pub. 25 Mar. 1843, and d. here 19 June 1872, a. 60. No
record found ot children.
6. Constant, rs. ot Simeon (4) and Anna, came here early, m. Sarah C.
Sibley of Auburn, pub. 27 Dec. 1838, and had 'Constant Eugene, b. 8 Dec.
1839; Alvah Fitzroy, b. 11 Aug. 1843, d. unm. 10 Feb. 1869; Oscar S., b. 2
Feb. 1846 ; Frank Kossuth, b. 2 Sep. 1851. Constant tbe f. res. in the
northwesterly part of the town, and owned the mills marked " AVardwell's
Mills " on the R. Map, where he was largely engaged in raanufacturing vari
ous kinds of lumber. He was a selectman eight years, assessor four years,
raember of the school coraraittee five vears, and representative in 1847 and
1857. He d. 6 Dee 1877, a. 63.
7. Constant Eugene, s. ot Constant (6), m. Lucretia L. Johnson 16 May
1865; she d. 24 Nov. 1874, a. 36, and he ra. Cordelia L. Johnson of Dana 3
July 1878. His chU. were a son, b. 10 Feb. 1866 (narae not recorded); Sarah
May, b. 29 May 1867; Constant Lervy, b. 10 May 1870 ; Cretia, or Lucretia A.,
h. 12 May 1879.
8. Oscar S., s. of Constant (6), m. Fanny M. CoUins 15 Ap. 1869, and had
Mary Louisa, b. 24 July 1870.
9. Frank Kossurp, s. of Constant (6), m. Hattie J. Stark 10 Dec. 1878,
and had Mabel Anna, b. 14 Oct 1880. Mrs. Mary AV., d. 20 Feb. 1842, a.
28. -
Spooner, William, m. Elizabeth Partridge; she d. 28 Ap. 1648, and he
m. Hannah, dau. ot Joshua Pratt, 18 Mar. 1652. His chil. were John, b.  ;
Sarah, b. 5 Oct. 1653; Samuel, b. 4 Jan. 1655; Martha, h.  ; William,
b.  , d.  1 729 ; Isaac, b.  , d. 1 709 ; Hannah, b.  ; Mercy, b.  ;
Ebenezer, b. — 1066, d. 5 Feb. 1718. William the t. was in Plymouth as
early as 1637, being then apparently a minor. He was sworn a freeman 6
June 1654, and res. at Plymouth until about 1660, when he rem. to that part
of Dartmouth which is now Acushnet, and d. in 1684.
2. John, s. of William (1), apparently by two wives, had John, h. 2 July
1668, d.  1728 ; WUliam, b. 11 May 1680; Jonathan, b. 28 Aug. 1681, d.
13 Ap. 1711 ; Elizabeth, b. 19 June 1683, d. 14 July 1743 ; Eleanor, b. 1 Feb.
1685 ; Phebe, b. 11 May 1687; Nathan, b. 21 Sep. 1689 ; Rebecca, h. 8 Oct
1691, d. 9 Mar. 1729; Deborah, b. 10 Aug. 1694; Barnabas, b. 6 Feb. 1699, d.
 1734. John the f. res. at Dartmouth (Acushnet), and was livino- 7 Feb.
1733, the date of his will. 1 "
3. Samuel, s. of WiUiam (1), m. Experience,^ and had William, b. 13
Feb. 1688-9; Mary, b. 4 Jan. 1690-1 ; Samuel, b. 4 Feb. 1692-3; Daniel, b.
28 Feb. 1693-4; Seth, b. 31 Jan. 1694-6; Hannah, b. 27 Jan. 1696-7; Jos-
hop,^ b. 13 Nov. 1698 ; Anna, h. 18 Ap. 1700; Experience, b. 19 June 1702;
Beulah, h. 27 June 1706; Wing, b. 30 Ap. 17— (record defaced). Samuel
the f. res. in Dartmouth (Acushnet), was a weaver, constable in 1680 and
1684, and d. in 1739, a. 84.
1 Thus far, in my account of this family, 2 The author of the Spooner Memorial (p.
I have relied entirely on the Spooner Me- 42) reasonably conjectures that her name
mormt, a beautiful volume ot 242 pages, pub- was Experience Wing
lished in 1871 by Hon. Thomas Spooner of 3 This name is given as Joshua in the
Cincinnati, Ohio, one of the Vice-Presidents Spooner Memorial, p. 42 I think it is de-
of the N. E. Hist. Genealogical Society, signed for Jashub, a contraction of Sliear-
The same author has prepared for publica- jashub, which name is found in the next
hon an exhaustive genealogy of the whole generation. I have not seen the father's
family descending from the original WiL- will, and know not preciselv in what form
MAM Spooner. It is much desired that he the name appears there ; but the Dartraouth
may soon have suitable encouragement to record has iiJoshqp, as in the text
publish the result of his arduous and long-
continued labor.

SPOONER. 501
4. John, s. of John (2), m. Rosamond, dau. of Samuel and Mary (Hatha
way) Hammond, 20 June 1706, and had Jeduthun, b. 10 Ap. 1706, m. Ruth,
dau. of Lettice Jenney, and d. 1740; Phebe, b. 16 Ap. 1708; John, b.  ;
Benjamin, b.  ; Thomas, h. 16 Jan. 1718; Peter, b.  ; Elizabeth, b.
 ; Rosamond, b. 4 Jan. 1724. John the f. was a farraer, res. in Dart
mouth (Acushnet), and d. between 4 Mar. and 12 Ap. 1728. See Spooner
Memorial. 6. AVilliam, s. of John (2), m. Alice BlackweU, and had Jemima, b. 7 Dec.
1700; Joanna, twin, b. 12 May 1703, m. James Whitcomb, Jr., of Rochester
12 July 1727; Elizabeth, twirt, b. 12 May 1703 ; Micah, b. 2 Ap. 1707; Na
thaniel, b. 21 Ap. 1709; Rebecca, b. 17 Nov. 1710 ; Sarah, b. 18 Jan. 1712;
Mercy, b. 8 Jan. 1714; Isaac, b. 9 Jan. 1716; Alice, b. 27 Mar. 1718; Wil
liam, b. 27 Jan. 1720 ; Ebenezer, b. 29 May 1724. William the t. was a
farmer, and res. in Dartmouth (Acushnet). See Spooner Memorial.
6. Samuel, s. ot Samuel (3), ni. Rebecca Weston 10 Ap. 1717: she d. 26
Jan. 1728-9, and he m. Deborah, dau. of Isaac Pope, 8 Mar. 1729-30. His
chih were Esther, b. 26, Jan. 1717-8; Hannah, b. 18 Aug. 1719, m. Capt.
Benjarain Willis of Dartmouth 30 Mar. 1743, rem. to Hardwick, and d. 6 Feb.
1812, a. 92; Thomas, b. 3 Ap. 1721 ; Zephaniah, b. 15 May 1724; Amaziah,
b. 9 Mar. 1725-6, settled in Hk. ; Elnathan, b. 20 Nov. 1730; Abigail, b. 11
Ap. 1732, m. John Jenney of Dartmouth 23 Nov. 1752, rem. to Hk., and d.
10 Dec. 1829, a. 97; Seth, b. 31 Jan. 1735-6. Samuel the f. was a farraer,
res. in Dartmouth (Acushnet), and d. in 1781, a. 88.
7. Daniel, s. of Sarauel (3), m. Elizabeth Ruggles i at Rochester 10 Oct
1728 ; she d., and he m. Mrs. Bethia Nichols of Lancaster 3 Sep. 1767 ; she
d., and he ra. Mary, widow of Paul Dean of Hk., 16 Oct. 1780. His chil.
were Lucy, h. 29 Oct. 1729, ra. Edward Ruggles of Hk. 29 Jan. 1746-7, and
d. 2 Ap. 1821, a. 91 ; Elizabeth, b. 14 July 1731, ra. Daniel Fay of Hk. 18
May 1749, and d. 24 Nov. 1756, a. 25 ; Philip, b. 13 Dec. 1733, ra. Elizabeth,
dau. of Kenelra AVinslow of Hk., 25 Dec. 1755; she d. 8 Ap. 1792, and he m.
Eunice, dau. ot Benjarain Trow ; he res. in Pet., and d. 30 Sept 1826, a. 93;
Shearjashub, b. 14 Aug. 1735, ra. Sarah, dau. of Ebenezer Whipple ot Hk., 21
May 1760, res. in Pet., was a carpenter and a soldier in the Revolutionary
AVar; he rem. to Heath, and d. 25 Ap. 1785, a. nearly 50; Ruggles, b. 24
Mar. 1736-7, ra. Mehetabel Nye, res. in Pet. and Dana, is said to have served
in the French and Revolutionary Wars, was certainly involved in the Shays
Rebellion, and through his active life almost constantly engaged in litigation,
— a notable instance of which was his suit against Sarah Peckham for breach
of promise of marriage, tried at Worcester, and a verdict rendered for tbe
defendant 16 Oct. 1782. His old age was dark and dreary; he becaine en
tirely blind, lost all his property, and would not acknowledge any expectation
ot a future existence. He retained his mental faculties, which were naturally
strong and active, until extrerae old age, and, until near the close of life, often
walked from Dana to Hk. He d. in 1831, a. 94 ; his wife Mehetabel d. 1 Sep.
1865, a. 92, or 97, according to different authorities; Wing, b. 29 Dec. 1738,
res. in Pet, was a carpenter, a captain in the Revolutionary War, m. Eunice
Stevens 27 Jan. 1763, and d. 7 Dec. 1810; Eliakim, b. 7 Ap. 1740 ; Daniel, b.
10 Dee 1741, m. AbigaU Munroe 18 Nov. 1766, settled in Hartland, Vt, and
was selectman, representative, justice ot the peace, and d. in Nov. 1828 ;
Hannah, b. 25 June 1743, d. young; Paul, b. 20 March. 1745-6, ra. Asenath
Wright ; she d. and he ra. Mrs. Ann Post He was a physician and an active
poUtTcian. He settled early in Hartland, Vt., and " was a raeraber of the
state councU four years from 1778, then Lieutenant-Governor until 1786,
judge of the supreme court for nine years ending in 1788, and was an agent
of the State to the Continental Congress in 1780, and again in 1782." ^ He
1 She was prob. dau. of John and Eliza- his son, Rev. Timothy Kuggles of Rochester,
beth Ruggles, and h. at Roxbury in 1700. as a safe shelter, where she remained until
Her father d. early in 1712, and Capt. Sam- she was married.
uel Ruggles was appointed guardian, who 2 Hall's History of Vermont, p. 469.
seems to have placed her in the family of

502 SPOONER.
d. 5 Sep. 1789, a. 43, while yet in the prime of life, and in the midst of his
usefulness. (His second son, Paul, settled in Hardwick, Vt, was the first
town clerk ot that town, 1795, and also its first representative, elected in 1797,
1798, and 1799.) Daniel the f. res. several years in Dartmouth, where he
was born, and the births of aU his children are recorded in that town; but
a doubt is expressed in the Spooner Memorial, p. 96, whether all of thera were
born there, inasmuch as the father seeras to have resided in Rhode Island
about 1732. However this be, it is certain that he reraoved to Hardwick be
fore 16 June 1748, when he sold a lot near the Barre line, " granted originally
to Mr. Keith," and adjoining land of " Col. AVillis." He did not long re
raain here, however, as in a deed dated 14 July 1750 he is described as ot
Nichewoag (Petersham) ; but be manifestly retained very intimate relations
with the inhabitants ot Hk. ; five or six of his children married our sons and
daughters, and in his old age he carae here for his third wife. He was a
"joiner" or carpenter, and was elected deacon of the church in Petersham
soon after his reraoval into that town. The precise date of his death is not
ascertained; but he is generally believed to have survived until 1797, one
hundred and three years after he was born. There can be no reasonable
doubt, 1 think, that he corapleted more than a century of life ; and the tradi
tion of bis extrerae old age is current among his descendants to the present
day. His last wife, Mary, d. here 9 May 1822, a. 94 ; her head-stonestands
in tbe new cemetery.
8. Tho.mas, s. of John (4), ra. Rebecca, dau. of Judah and Alice (Alden)
Paddock, oranddaughter of David Alden, and oreat-granddauohter ot John
Alden the Pilgrim, 10 June 1742, and had Rebecca, b. 2 Aug. 1743, m.
Tiraothy Green of New London, Conn., 2 Jan. 1763; John, bap. 23 Ap.
1745, ra. Lydia, dau. of John and Lydia Alden, 25 Mar. 1769, was a, printer,
and established the first newspaper in New Bedford ; Thomas, b. 8 Mar. 1747,
said to have lost his life in the Revolutionary Army; Judah Paddock, b. 5
Nov. 1748, m. Deborah Douglass 10 Sep. 1770, was a printer, settled in
AVestminster, Vt., and d. — Feb. 1807 ;i Rosamond, b. 21 Mar. 1761, m.
Ezra AVinslow, and rem. to Hk., where he d. 12 Aug. 1789, and she m.
Richard Ransom of Woodstock, Vt, pub. 26 Nov. 1801, and d. 1829; Alice, b.
2 Mar. 1753, m. Paul Ingrabara 28 Jan. 1770, res. in New Bedford, and d. 25
Ap. 1792; Jeduthun, b. 12 May 1755; Alden, b. 22 Aug. 1767, ra. Sarah Bur
ton of Norwich, Conn., 30 Ap. 1781, was a printer, res. in AVindsor, Vt, and
d. 1 Mny 1827; 2 Frances, b. 2 Mar. 1760, m. Capt. Joseph Bowman of
Barnard, Vt, 26 Jan. 1786. Thomas the f . was a carpenter or housewright,
res. at Newport R. L. and afterwards at New London, Conn. ; his five sons
are said to have rendered military service in the Revolutionary War, and two
of them, with his son-in-law. Green, were the earUest printers in Vermont.
He d. in Mar. 1767; his w. Rebecca prob. came to Hk. with her son Jeduthun,
or her dau. Rosamond Winslow, m. Capt. Joseph Warner of Cummington,
forraerly of Hk., 12 Nov. 1781, and d. in Jan. 1812. (For rauch in this article
I am indebted to the kindness ot Hon. Thomas Spooner.)
9. Ebenezer, s. of WiUiam (5), m. Sarah, dau. ot James and Patience
(Ruggles) Robinson, at Rochester, pub. 3 Jan. 1746-6, and had Micah, bap.
1 " The first printing-office in Vermont was ' Pliant as reeds where streams of freedom ^lide,
established at Westminster, in the summer ^i"^™ as the hills to stem oppression's tide.' "
of 1778, by Judah Paddock Spooner and Thompson's Hist, of Vermont ii. 171
TZ°StJ *^r«™-^ft fl ^^'™° f '^e ^ "^ The printing press and tvpes which had
Legislature in October following, Judah P been used at Westminster, having been
Spooner and Alden Spooner were appointed purchased by George Hough, he rfmoved
State printers. . . In February 1781 was them to Windsor, aid, in partnership with
commenced at Westminster, by J P. Alden Spooner, on the 7th of August, 1783,
Spooner and Timothy Green, the publica- commenced the publication of a paper
tion of the first newspaper ever printed m called " The Vermont Journal and Uni/er-
Vermont. It was called ' The Vermont Ga- sal Advertiser." This was the third nnner
zette, or Green Mountain l^ost B,y,' and it established in Vermont. Thompson's i?k.
had for its motto the following couplet, of Vermont, ii. 171. ""•!«¦"«
which is truly characteristic of the inhabit
ants ot the Green Mountain State.

SPOONER. 503
25 May 1746, d.unra. in the army at Ticonderoga, 1778; Dorothy, bap. here 26
Feb. 1748-9, m. Samuel Miller, res. at Kent, Conn.; Ebenezer, b. 24 Mar.
1750-1, bap. here 5 May 1761. m. Rebecca, dau. of AVilliara and Rachel
Spooner, 24 Ap. 1774, res. at Kent; Hannah, b. 12 Jan. 1753, bap. here 21
Jan. 1753, m. AA'Uliam, son ot Williain and Rachel Spooner, 3 Sep. 1788,
res. at Monkton, Vt., and d. 3 Jan. 1813; Alice, bap. here 15 Dec. 1754,
said to have m. Hendrick AVinegar; Sarah, b.  , m. Isaac Dunham;
Phebe, twin, b. 4 Sep. 1758, m. EUbu Potter 5 Ap. 1792, res. at Monk-
ton, d. 16 Sep. 1810 ; Elizabeth, twin, b. 4 Sep. 1768, ra. Benjamin Bronson,
res. at AVarren, Conn. ; Molly, b.  , m. James Sprague ; Rebecca, b. 25
Jan. 1762, m. William Peck 2-2 Ap. 1784, res. at Monkton, .and d. 3 Jan. 1839;
Patience, b. 24 Feb. 1764, ra. Jasper Barnes — Ap. 1790, res. at AVashington,
Conn., and d. 30 Nov. 1817. Ebenezer the f. rem. from Rochester to Hk.
before 26 Feb. 1748-9, and res. on the east side ot the River (now New Brain
tree). He subsequently seeras to have removed to Kent, Conn., and to Monk-
ton, Vt; he d. — 1800; his w. Sarah d. 22 Feb. 1806, a. nearly 86.
10. Amaziah, s. of Samuel (6), m. Lydia, dau. ot Deac. .Tames Fay, 22
Feb. 1749-50, and had Thomas, b. 15 Mar. 1760-1, ra. Molly Haven of Barre
7 Nov. 1777, and (2d) Martha Smith 16 Dee 1784 (he had son Elijah, b.
— Nov. 1791, d. at Gr. 12 Dec. 1872, a. 81) ; Zephaniah, b. 1 Oct 1 763 ; Lucy,
h. 9 Oct. 1765, m. Eli Freeman (his second wife), 22 July 1813; Elizabeth, b.
28 Jan. 1758; Lydia, b. 12 Sep. 1760; Samuel, b. 20 Jan. 1763; Charles, b.
10 Oct. 1764, m. Charity Curtis 15 Feb. 1795; Rebecca, b. 17 Nov. 1767;
Hannah,b. 11 Mar. 1771; Seth,b. 21 June 1773. Amaziah the f. was a
farmer, came to Hk. trom Dartraouth before he was raarried, res. on the north
side of the turnpike, and the west side ot Muddy Brook, at the place raarked
" C. Spooner " on the R. Map, and d. 8 July 1798, a. 72; his w. Lydia d. 10
Aug. 1817, a. 87.
11. Eliakim, s. ot Daniel (7), m. Bathsheba, dau. of Jonathan Warner,
pub. 29 July 1764, and had Alfred, b. 27 Nov. 1780. Eliakim the f. kept a
tavern in Hk. 1777 and 1778, but soon afterwards rera. to Verraont. He was
in military life as early as 1757, and in 1769 in the French and Indian War,
and was on duty in the early part of the Revolutionary War. In early man
hood he moved to Verraont, and settled at Westminster. . . . He frequently
represented his town in the State Legislature, and was elected one of the
Executive Council of the State trom 1802 to 1807 inclusive.^ He d. 3 Jan.
1820, a. nearly 80; his w. Bathsheba d. 29 Jan. 1831, a. 84.
12. Jeduthun, s. of Thomas (8), m. Hannah, dau. of Joshua Crowell, 27
Ap. 1781, and had Harriet, b. 20 July 1782, ra. Elisha S. Sturtevant, and d.
at AA''orcester 21 Dec. 1855; Uriel, b. 11 Ap. 1784, m. Rowena Ross of West
Brookfield, pub. 26 May 1816 ; she d. 12 Sep. 1841, and he ra. Hannah, dau. of
Deac. Henry Fish, pub. 26 Ap. 1843; she d. at W. Brk. 10 Nov. 1857, a. 65,
and he d. at the sarae place 8 June 1865 ; Rebecca h. 6 Mar. 1786, m. Moses
Barnes Jr., of W. Brk., pub. 21 Nov. 1808, and d. 1 Sep. 1863; Thomas, b. 23
June 1788, settled in W. Brk., m. Beersheba Mcintosh, 28 Feb. 1816, and d.
26 Jan. 1856 (Spooner Memorial); Paulina, b. 14 July 1790, d. unm. 17
Jan. 1861; Hannah, b. 19 Oct 1792, m. Cephas Clapp of W. Brk. 21 Mar.
1816 ; Wyman, b. 2 July 1895, ra. EUzabeth, dau. of Deac. Henry Fish, 10
Nov. 1818, was a printer in Windsor, Vt, and a prominent politician in
Wisconsin,'' where he was judge of probate and of the Circuit Court,
1 Spooner Memorial, p. 93. pointed circuit judge, which position he held
2 " When about twentv-one he commenced until the election of Judge Doolittle. He
the publication of a weekly newspaper, was elected to the Assembly in 1850, 1851,
which he continued for about twelve years. 1857, and 1861. In 1857 he was elected
He then began the study of law, and was Speaker of the Assembly. He was elected
admitted to its practice in 1833. . . . State senator for the terms of 1862 and
In 1842 he removed to Wisconsin, and in 1863. In the last session he was chosen
1843 he settled in Elkhorn, Walworth President of the Senate, and became
County, where he has ever since resided. In Lieutenant-Governor when Mr. Salomon
1846 he was elected judge of probate, which succeeded to the executive chair. In 1863,
office he held until the probate was merged 1865, and 1867, he was elected Lieutenant-
into the County Court. In 1853 he was ap- Governor ; and, by virtue of his office, he

504 SPOONER.
Speaker of the House ot Representatiyes, President of the Senate, and
Lieuteniint-Governor of tbe State ; Loring b. 29 Ap. 1797, d. 27 or 29 Sep.
1802 ; Jeduthun, b 5 July 1799, went early to AVindsor, Vt, becarae a printer
under tbe instruction of his uncle, Alden Spooner, and of his brother, Wy
man Spooner, res. for a time in Burlington, m. Isabella P. Spooner, 30 Ap.
1823, and (2d) Betsey R Ross, 3 Nov. 1826; he d. in Iowa 9 Mar. 1867.
Jeduthun the f. carae to Hk. before he was married, and was one of its
raost respected inhabitants during the reraainder of his life. He was a
saddler, and res. about fifty rods north ot tbe Common, at the place marked
" Wid. Parker" on the R. Map, untU 1801, when he advertised his estate
for sale, " which had been occupied as a stand tor a saddler near twenty
year.%" and bought a farm on the easterly road to Gilbertville, about two and
a half miles south of the Coraraon, raarked " Wid. Mar.-^h " on the R. Map,
and devoted himself to farming; his house, which disappeared several years
ago, stood a few rods frora the road, and was approached by a lane, of which
some vestiges still remain. He was a man of most exemplary character, and en
dured with Christian philosophy a severe domestic affliction, occasioned by the
insanity of his wife, with tragical accorapaniitients. He was a selectraan seven
years, assessor si.-i years, town clerk five years, and representative tour years.
He closed his eyes on the " lights and shadows" ot raortal life 16 May 1817;
his insane wife Hannah eluded the watchfulness ot her friends and committed
suicide 16 Dec. 1807, a. 52.
13. Zephaniah, s. ot Amaziah (10), m. Sally Church 5 Nov. 1789, and
had Bradford, b. 6 Ap. 1791 ; Barnabas, b. 9 July 1793, d. 23 or 24 May
1814; Grover, b. 19 May 1798; Charles C, b. 13 Dec. 1804. Zephaniah
the f. was a farmer, res. on the horaestead, and d. 13 June 1810, a. 56 ; his w.
Sully d. 30 Aug. 1833, a. 68.
14. Samuel, s. ot Araaziah (10), ra. Hannah Wiliiaras 14 Jan. 1798, and
bad Sarah, b. 12 Jan. 1800, ra. Nathaniel Simpson 12 Mar. 1835, and d. 23
July 1846 ; Orin, b. 28 Nov. 1802; Hannah, b. 2 Oct 1804, ra. OrvUle Swift
of AVilrainoton, Vt, 5 June 1832; Samuel Brigham, b. 17 Sep. 1806, d. at
Springf. 8 May 1862; Lydia Maria, b. 24 July 1810, perhaps m. Julius Nor
ton of Bennington, Vt., 29 Feb. 1836; Zephaniah, b. 28 Mar. 1812, res. in
Springf., ra. Sophronia Randall in Hk. 8 Ap. 1841. Samuel the f. d. 19 Ap.
1840, a. 77; his w. Hannah d. 2 June 1830, a. 63.
15. Seth, s. of Araaziah (10), ra. Mehetabel Taylor 19 Feb. 1795; she d.
12 May 1812, a. 40, and he ra. Mrs. Sally Gates 25 Nov. 1812. No record is
is found of the birth of his children; but be had Rhoda, b.  1797, d. 21
Sep. 1811, a. 14; and periiaps Fanny, b.  1801, d. unra. 14 Dec. 1822, a. 21.
16. Bradford, =. ot Zephaniah (13), m. Arathusa, dau. of John Eari, 30
Nov. 1821, and had Sarah Church, b. 18 Nov. 1822, ra. Charles Wood of
Bari-e 21 Aug. 1851; Alden Bradford, b. 12 Nov. 1824; John F., b. 
1826, d. unra. 26 Dec. 1873, a. 47; Harmon C, bap. 11 May 1829; Caroline
E., b. about 1830, ra. George R. Paige 22 Jan. 1852; Henry, b.  1832, d.
19 Feb. 1834, a. 1 year and 7 inonths; Maria, b. - — - 1836, d. 22 May 1836,
a. 1 year and three raonths; Jane M., b. about 1839, ra. A. Lyman Barr of
N. Br. 1 Jan. 1862; Henry A., b. 1 July 1840. Bradford the f. was a
farmer, and res. on or near the homestead, but on the east side of Muddy
Brook, at the place marked " B. Spooner" on the R. Map. He d. 1 Nov.
1872, a. 81 ; his wife Aretbusa d. 7 Ap. 1872, a. 72.
17. Grover, s. of Zephaniah (13), m. Ruth, dau. of Timothy Hathawav,
28 May 1829, and had Charles, b.  ; Timothy Hathaway, b.  ; Lucius,
b.  . Grover the f. was a cabinet-maker, res. in Barre, and d. 19 Auo.
1858, a. 60. °
18. Charles C, s. of Zephaniah (13), m. Anna Maria, dau. of Orin
Trow, 17 Sep. 1829, and had Hannah Robinson, b. 30 Dec. 1830; Barnabas
Berry, b. 30 Jan. 1833, d. 20 Mar. 1833; Charles Grover, b. 5 Ap. 1834, d. 27
'!?'!f 'VJ"' """ ^'"'',*' *°f '.f consecutive ayan. Judge Spooner is a man of constant
, ears. He was a member of aie first board diligence and energy." History of the State
of trustees for the Deaf and Dumb at Del- of Wisconsin (1876), pp. 796 797 ^

SPOONER — SPROUT. 505
Aug. 1848;. Harrison, b. 25 Jan. 1840; Webster, b. 17 Feb. 1846, res. in
Boston; George, b. 21 Nov. 1864, d. 25 Nov. 1854. Charles C. the f was
for some years a farmer, and afterwards a merchant, having a store on the
Common, but long ago retired from active business. He was a selectman
eleven years, between 1837 and 1868.
19. Okin, s. ot Samuel (14), m. Naomi Clark 25 Feb. 1829. I have seen
no record ot the birth of his children; but he had Andrew W., b.  1832,
d. 6 July 1858, a, 26. Addison, b.  1835, m. Delphia M.,dau. of Erastus
W. Paige, pub. 24 Aug. 1858, and d. 23 Sep. 1859, a. 24; Marion A., b. 
1845, m. AAlUiain H. Tucker 6 June 187 7; and perhaps others. Orin the f.
res. in Barre, and d. 13 Sep. 1867, a. neariy 65; his w. Naomi d. 17 Mar.
1869, a. 60. Though resident in Barre, Mr. Spooner and his wife, with their
two sons, seera to have been buried here, and their names are inscribed on
a monument in the new cemetery.
20. Harmon C, s. of Bradford (16), m. Harriet E., dau. ot Jaraes Brown
ing, 14 Nov. 1865; she d. 11 July 1860, a. 25. and he m. Harriet E., dau. of
WUliam A. AA'arner, 16 Jan. 1862. His chil. were James Bradford, b. 3
Feb. 1S57, d. 22 Feb. 1867; William Bradford, b. 8 June 1863; Robert Bil
lings, h. 9 July 1868. Harmon C. the f., a cabinet-maker, was in business
several years on the Common, and afterwards at Gilbertville ; about 1878 he
rem. to Warren.
21. .\lden Bradford, s. of Bradford (16), m. Sarah A., dau. of Phin
ehas Morton, 26 Jan. 1858 ; she d. 2 (or 3) Dec. 1864, a. 29, and he ra.
Julia A., dau. of Capt Pliny Alden, 7 Jan. 1873. He had Stephen Henry,
b. 31 Mar. 1860. Alden B. the f., a farmer, res. on or near the home
stead. JosHU.i, of Brk., ra. Bathsheba Ruggles, pub. 8 Jan. 1766; was raurdered
at Brk. 1 Mar. 1778. Joel, of Northfield, m. Lydia Trow 24 Dec. 1797.
Alma, m. Daniel Hale, pub. 9 Feb. 1806. Charles, of Pet., m. Betsey
Powers 4 June 1818. Amaziah, of Arab., ra. Clarissa Alden 27 Ap. 1825.
Mary, of Barre, ni. Benjamin F. Richmond, pub. 11 Nov. 1837. Mercy J.,
m. Abiel B. Staples ot Taunton 20 Ap. 1842. Benjamin A., M. D., of
Southbridge, m. Mary A. Johnson, pub. 9 Feb. 1845; she d. 17 Dec. 1860, a.
34. William J., m. Johanna Sweeney 19 Nov. 1868. Eunice, widow of
Philip Spooner and sister of Capt Israel Trow, d. 30 May 1830, a. 86.
Lydia, d. 15 Oct 1841, a. 78.
Sprout, Nathaniel, ra.  , and had James, b. 23 Jan. 1749; Nathaniel,
b. about 1751 ; Robert, b. about 1764; besides these he was prob. father of
Ebenezer, b. about 1757; Samuel, b. about 1760; Nathan, b. about 1763.
Nathaniel the f. sold land in the northeast part of the town to Walter
Hastings 8 Sep. 1750, and bought fifty acres 6 Dec. 1766, near Southworth's
(formerly AVardwell's) miUs. He was a farmer, and a soldier in the French
War, 1766 and 1759.
2. James, s. of Nathaniel (1), m.  , and had Roxana, b.  1786, m.
John Barlow, pub. 12 June 1808, and d. 20 July 1876, a; 90 years and 10
months; he was prob. father also of Abiel, b.  , who m. Jonas Barnes 20
Mar. 1791; and Rachel, b.  , m. James McKoon 24 Feb. 1801 (both older
than Roxana). James the f. d.5 Ap. 1825; his w.  d. 15 Feb. 1825.
3. Nathaniel, s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Azubah Cummings 28 Dec. 1775.
No record found of children, nor anything further concerning him, except that
he was a soldier in the Revolutionary War.
4. Robert, s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Betsey Lincoln 17 Sep. 1781, and had
Charles, b. — Dec. 1782, d. 1 Oct 1789, a. 6 years and nearly 10 raonths; prob.
Robert, b.  1794, d. at N. Sal. 26 Feb. 1845, a. 50 years and 11 months.
5. Ebenezer, prob. s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Mary Thayer of Pet. 11 Dec.
1783 ; she d. 1 Nov. 1789, a. 33, and he m. Miriam Barnes 3 June 1790 ; she
d. at Gr. 29 Feb. 1852, a. 85 years and 6 months. No record found of chil
dren. 6. Nathan, prob. s. of Nathaniel (1), m. Lucinda Dana of Amh., pub. 10
Mar. 1795, and had Lucinda, b. 29 Dec. 1795 ; Clarinda, b. 28 Jan. 1798, d.

506 SPROUT — STEPHENS.
unm. at Chicopee 23 Jan. 1862; Amariah, b. 23 Feb. 1800; Joseph, h. 18
Auo.  ; Melinda, b. — Feb. 1807.
Mercy, m. David Ingrabara of Amh.  1786. Polly, ot Gr., ra. Jo
seph Curamings, pub. 19 "Sep. 1812. Ezra, of Gr., m. Dency Newland 3 Dec.
1818. Polly, m. Sarauel Johnson, pub. 15 May 1825. Abigail, m. Ezra
Johnson of Prescott, pub. 6 Nov. 1830. Cynthia, d. 18 Nov. 1802, a. 7. Neg
lect in recording the birth of chUdren prevents a more specific account of the
Sprout family.
Squires, Ephraim, m. Rebecca KimbaU of Enfield, pub. 13 Aug. 1827.
Staples, Mary, of Prescott, m. Giles Warner, pub. 12 Ap. 1824. Eben
ezer P., of Taunton, ra. Luthera G. Dexter 26 Ap. 1841 ; and (2d) Mary A.
Peck 11 Nov. 1845. Abiel B., ra. Mercy J. Spooner 20 Ap. 1842.
Stearns, Daniel, died before 23 Aug. 1758, when some of his estate in the
hands of his administrator, Stephen Stearns of Cambridge, was used for the
payment of a debt to John Fassett. No record found of family.
2. Asa, ra. Elizabeth  , and had Samuel,b.  ; Artemas,h.  ; Al
fred, b.  1790, grad. W. C. 1812, said to have d. in 1834, a. 44; PoUy, b.
 , d. 8 May 1791, a. 1 year and 2 months. Asa the f. res. on the road to
Barre, about a mUe and a half frora the Coramon, at the place marked " S.
Newton " on the R. Map, and d. 27 Jan. 1795, a. nearly 40; his w. Elizabeth
ra. Nathaniel Woods 1 7 Nov. 1 795, and quitclaimed her interest in the real es
tate toiler sons Samuel and Artemas, who, having rera. to Mendon, N. Y., sold
the sarae to Silas Newton 21 Ap. 1819. Perhaps Alice, Eliza, and Harriet,
naraed below, may have been of the sarae faraily.
Benjamin, ot Rut, ra. Mrs. Mary Warren 12 Nov. 1753. Mehetabel, of
Wore, ra. Isaac Rice 1 Dec. 1768. Abigail, m. Thomas Wheat, pub. 17 Jan.
1770. John P., of N. Br., ra. Susanna Griffin, pub. 26 July 1774. Patience,
of Wore, m. Isaac Clark, Jr., 6 Jan. 1774. Hannah, ra. Jesse Kenney 11
Aug. 1776. Alice, m. Perley WUliams of Hubbardston, pub. 28 Mar. 1808,
and d. there 12 Sep. 1847, a. 57. Eliza, m. John Browning of Hubbardston
5 Nov. 1810. Harriet, m. Amherst Hastings of Pet 29 Dee 1811. Abi
gail, wife of Isaac, of Monkton, Vt, d. 22 June 1809, a. 22.
Stebbins, Benjamin, m. Mercy Aiken 24 Sep. 1772, and rera. to Barnard,
Vt., before 1782. John B., ra. Martha L. Monroe 11 Ap. 1877.
Stedman, Harriet, m. Elijah C. Newton 16 Nov. 1848. Hann.4.h, m.
George S. Titus of Ware 1 May 1858. Lemuel, d. 7 June 1874, a. 81 (b. at
Sturbridge). Steel, Samuel, m. Margaret  , and had David, bap. 13 Nov. 1746;
Thomas, bap. 13 Nov. 1745; William, bap. 7 Oct 1750; Aaron, bap. 6 Feb.
1753. Samuel the t. seems to have res. east of the River, now New Brain
tree. Stephens, Jacob (otherwise written Stevens), m. Abigail-  , and had
Sarah, b. 23 Ap. 1741 ; Tabitha, b. 10 Aug. 1743 ; Christopher, b. 16 Feb. 1745-
6 ; Lucy, bap. 21 Aug. 1748; Jacob, bap. 12 May 1761.
2. Thomas, m. ElizabethPerkinsof Brk., pub. 16 Jan. 1748-9, andhad Mary,
b. 3 Oct. 1749; Nehemiah, b. 5 Mar. 1762; Thomas, b. 27 Mar. 1754; Eliza
beth, b. 20 Nov. 1756. Thomas the f. sold 84 acres in the west part of the
town to Ephraira Cleveland 27 Mar. 1761 ; after which I find no trace of him.
3. Daniel, m. Rebecca, dau. of Moses Whipple, pub. 14 Ap. 1811, and had
Lewis, b. 11 May 1813, d. 14 Feb. 1850; Cyrus Washburn,b. 15 Oct 1816, in.
Lucy Richardson of Dana 31 Dec. 1837, and d. there 1 Nov. 1866 ; Joseph
Whipple, b. 18 Oct 1817; Almon Giffin, b. 28 July 1824, ra. Malvina Roberts,
pub. — Ap. 1862. Daniel the f. d. 9 May 1864, a. 75 ; his w. Rebecca d. at
Dana, 7 Dec. 1873, a. 83.
4. Jacob, ra. Hannah Thayer, pub. 8 Nov. 1796, and had Mary, b. 
1797, d. 6 Aug. 1819, a. 22 ; Sarah Ann, b.  1814, ra. Charles N. Gibbs of
Prescott, 1 Dec. 1836, and d. there 6 Ap. 1852, a. 38. Jacob the L d. 16 Ap.
1833, a. 62; his w. Hannah d. 17 May 1830, a. 67.
5. Joseph Whipple, s. of Daniel (3), m. Elizabeth C. Richardson 23 Mar.
1843, and had a son b. 12 Nov. 1843, and d. the next day; Albert Augustine,

STEPHENS — STEWART. 507
b. 31 Dec. 1860; Elizabeth Adelia, b. 23 Feb. 1853, d. 27 June 1856 ; Eliza
Jane, b. 11 May 1856, m. William H. Giffin, 29 June 1875. Joseph AV. the f.
d. 22 Sep. 1861; his w. Elizabeth C. m. Philip Johnson 21 Aug. 1862.
Anna, of Marlborough, ra. Jaraes AVoods, pub. 5 Oct 174'?. Mary, m.
WUliara Thayer 28 Nov. 1793. Robert, m. Abigail Davis 9 Oct. 1794.
Dolly, of Pet., ra. Wilder Barnes 20 Nov. 1794. Thomas, ra. Abigail Hale
ot Dana, pub. 18 Nov. 1815. Deborah, m. Seth AVhipple, pub. 22 Alar. 1819.
Hannah, m. Caleb Thayer, pub. 16 Mar. 1823. Levi, ra. Mrs. Thankful
Dexter 18 Oet. 1830. Mary G., of N. Sal., ni. Luther Cole, pub. 9 Mar.
1846. Hattie R., m. Charles \\. Thayer 12 Oct 1871. Prudence, w. ot
Thoraas, d. 20 Oct 1814, a. 68. Thomas, d. 15 June 1819, a. 72. Polly,
d. unra. 6 Aug. 1819, a. 22. AVidow Dolly, d. 26 June 1840, a. 66. Mary
E., d. 29 Sep. 1875, a. 1 year.
Stetson, Robert, ot Scituate, historically known as "Cornet Robert,"
was a noted man in his day, and d. 1 Feb. 1702-3, a. 91. He had nine chil
dren, of whora the eldest was Joseph, b. 1639, as is stated in Deane's Hist, of
Scituate, and Barry's Genealogy of the Stetson Family.
2. Joseph, s. of Robert (l), res. in Scituate, and had eight chUdren, of
whora the second was Robert,b. 9 Dec. 1670.
3. Robert, s. of Joseph (2), res. in Scituate, ra. Mary CoUamore, and had
eight children, of whom the eldest was Anthony, b. 12 Sep. 1693.
4. Anthony, s. of Robert (3), res. in Scituate, m. Anna Smith 28 Mar.
1717, and had 3Iary,h. 9 Dec. 1717; Isaac, b. 19 Oct 1719; Joseph, b. 24
Feb. 1722 ; Anna, b. 2 June 1724; Charles, b. 17 Oct 1726 ; Ezra, b. 22 Sep.
1729; Elisha, b. "28 Jan. 1731 ; Thomas, b. 22 Ap. 1734; Benjamin, b. 7 July
1736 ; Abiel, b. 23 Oct. 1738, settled in Chesterfield, and m. Ruth Bonney ot
Hk. 24 Feb. 1767 ; Martha, b. 18 Aug. 1741.
5. Ezra, o. of Anthony (4), " m. Sarah Rider, and moved to Hardwick "
(Stetson Fam.). His chil. were Anthony, b.  , settled in Wilmington, Vt;
Benjamin, b.  , m. Mercy Johnson of Hk., and settled at Sangersfield,
N. Y. ; Ezra, b.  , settled in Springfield, N. Y. ; Sarah, b.  , ra.
Ephraim Thayer of Hk. 29 Ap. 17 79 ; Hannah, b.  , m. Soloraon Hinds,
Jr., of Gr. 2 Oct. 1791; Mary, b.  , m. Benjamin Thayer of Hk. 22
Sep. 1793; Anna, b.  , m. Thaddeus RusseU of Dana 2 June 1803.
Ezra the f. d. in May 1805, a. 76 ; he had previously m., for second wife,
Susanna Gibbs of Gr., pub. 6 Ap. 1786. The Hardwick Records do not
mention the birth of his chUdren, but do mention their marriage, and his own
second marriage and death. In the genealogy of the Stetson Family, the dau.
Hannah is said to have m. William AVhite of Fairhaven, and Anna is said to
have m. Theodosius Russell of Greenwich, N. Y., but I follow the Hardwick
Records. 6. Robert, supposed to have been ot the sarae faraily, but his lineage not
ascertained, by wife  , had Robert, b. 29 June 1772; Susanna, b. 19 Dec.
1774, m. Joshua Bascora of Western (Warren), pub. 14 July 1793; Reuben,
b. 23 Mar. 1775; Betsey, b. 29 Dec. 1776, ra. Asa Blackmore of Pittsford,
Vt, 27 Nov. 1800; Thomas, b. 3 Feb. 1779; Elijah, h. 16 June 1781; Sally
Smith, b. 17 Feb. 1784, ra. SUsbee WethereU of Wore 29 Nov. 1810. Rob
ert the f. d. 18 Jan. 1814, a. 73.
7. Daniel, perhaps brother ot the foregoing, by wife  , had Susanna,
bap. 10 Ap. 1774; Lucy, bap. 7 May 1775; Henry, bap. 25 July 1779.
8. Elijah, s. ot Robert (6), m. Dulcinea, dau. of Elijah Carpenter, 17 Ap.
1808, and had Lydia Rich, b. 22 Dec. 1812, d. 19 July 1816.
Rachel, ra. Andrew Sears of Gr.  1787. Lydia, ra. Zephaniah
Hack of Gr. 4 Mar. 1790. Sarah, m. Samuel Haskins, pub. 16 Nov.
Stewart, Daniel (otherwise written Steward and Stuart), by w. Pru
dence, had Elkanah, b. 12 Aug. 1737; Samuel, b. 12 Oct. 1739, a meraber ot
Capt. Samuel Robinson's corapany in the French War, and d. in the campaign
of 1756;! Hannah, b. 20 June 1747, m. WiUiam Sherman of Rochester 11
1 Seth Stewart (or Stuart), b. in Roch- and lost his life in the same campaign, at
ester was a memher of the same company, the early age of 20 years.

508 STEWART — STONE.
Sep. 1766. Daniel the f. prob. came here from Rochester, and perhaps rem.
to Barnard with his son Elkanah.
2. Elkanah, s. of Daniel (1), in. Lydia, prob. dau. of Elisha Cobb, 7 Sep.
1761, and had PriscUla, b. 3 May 1762, ra. Fitch Dutton 5 Sep. 1782; Sam
uel, b. 2 Dee 1763, m. Sarah, dau. of Capt. Daniel Egery, 22 Oct. 1789 (he
then res. in Barnard, where he had Polly, b. 14 Mar. 1790) ; Prudence, b. 11
Ap. 1765, m. Timothy Banister 5 Sep. 1782; Lydia, b. 19 Sep. 1767, m. Asa
Paige 19 Feb. 1789; John, b. 19 July 1769; Moses, b. 19 Ap. 1771. Elka
nah the f. served in the French AVar 1 755, and rera. to Barnard, Vt, as
early as 1779, where his three daughters were married. He is said to have
d. of hydrophobia, being bitten by a mad wolf.
Susanna, m. Ithamar Reed of Pet 16 Jan. 1749-50. Peace, m. Samuel
Atwood 30 Ap. 1753. Daniel, perhaps the same as Daniel (1), ra. Eunice
Allen 5 Sep. 1768.
Stockwell, Cyrus, resided here a short tirae only, but he lett his raark.
In May 1818, he established a line of raail stages from Worcester to North
arapton, the first which ever passed through Hardwick, and -raaintained it
successfully for several years. He also kept a tavern in 1822 and 1823, soon
after which he reraoved to Worcester, where he long pursued the same busi
ness. During his residence here, his son Stephen N. was born, 31 Aug. 1823,
who became eminent as a manager of the Boston Journal. In an obituary pub
Ushed in that paper, it is stated that " his journalistic career covers a terra of
neariy forty years, and with the exception of brief periods of rest, he has
labored with great zeal in the field which he had chosen. Frora corapositor
in his youth to the editorial chair, he has filled nearly every intermediate
position with rare ability and unsurpassed fidelity." He was also a meraber
of the Coraraon Council of Boston and a representative and senator in the
General Court. He died in Roxbury 13 April 1881, aged 57.
2. Simon, by wife Sophia, had Sumner, b. 30 Dec. 1847; Emma Jane, b. 8
June 1868; Ida Josephine, b. 26 July 1863, d. 22 .June 1879.
Mercy, of Prescott, ra. Granger Peirce, pub. 18 Jan. 1832.
Stone, Joseph, s. ot Joseph, and b. in Shrewsbury 12 Nov. 1789,
m. Patty Maynard ot Shrewsbury, pub. 11 Mar. 1816, and had Harriet, b.
22 Jan. 1817, ra. John Paige 23 Oct 1845; Mary Field, b. 24 Sep. 1819, d.
unm. 29 Sep. 1838; Joseph, b. 29 Sep. 1821, d. 2 Mar. 1822; Martha, b. 29
June 1823, ra. Charles Mandell 3 Mar. 1846; Lucretia, b. 15 Mar. 1825;
Louisa, b. 16 Ap. 1827, m. Charles P. Aiken 27 Sep. 1846. Joseph the f.
was a skilful and beloved physician. He came here in the spring of 1814,
immediately after the death of Dr. Beckwith, and for thirty-five years minis
tered relief to suffering huraanity. After his raarriage he resided on the
Barre road, about half a mile frora the Common, at the place raarked " Dr.
Stone " on tbe R. Map. His fellow citizens raanifested their confidence in
hira by electing him to various offices of trust and honor; he was deacon of
the Union Church; selectman seven years; town clerk twenty years, frora
1829 to 1848 inclusive; member of the school coraraittee eight years; dele
gate to the Constitutional Convention in 1820 ; representative in 1823; and
senator in 1846 and 1846. He d. greatly laraented, 27 June 1849, a. 59.
2. Charles, ra. Mary  , and had Mary E., b.  1841, d. 13 Oct.
1856, a. 15; Sylvanus A., b. 6 Mar. 1844, d. 8 Aug. 1846; William A., b. —
Aug. 1847, d. 9 May 1854; Sarah Louisa, b. 25 Oct 1853; John Franklin, b.
18 Sep. 1857.
3. Samuel, m. Elizabeth  , and had a son, b. 20 Ap. 1844.
4. John A., ra. Roxana M. — — , and had Frank Eugene, b. 2 Jan. 1865;
Dwight Warner, b. 25 Feb. 1857, d. 29 Mar. 1857; Dwight, b. 19 Jan. 1858,
d. 10 Feb. 1858; WUliam Forest, b. 16 Jan. 1859 ; Nellie Maria, b. 29 Julv
1861. ¦'
5. Charles E., ra. Lydia  , andhad Charles Albert, b. 9 Jan. 1858.
6. PIenry H., m. Mrs. Huldah B. Bliss 2 June 1870, and had Jennie Maria,
b. 4 July 1871 ; Emory MitcheU and Emerson Almon, twins, b. 13 Oct 1873;
Martha Elizabeth, b. 26 Mar. 1876.

STONE — STURTEVANT. 509
John, m. Susanna Mandell 12 May 1768 (she d. at Dana 28 July 1844, a.
nearly 95). Huldah, of Southborough, ra. Azariah Bangs, pub. 2 Mar.
1769. John, Jr., ot Gr., ra. Betsey Bryant, pub. 16 Sep. 1798. Susanna,
ot Dana, m. Thomas Haskins, pub. 25 Mar. 1818. John, m. Harriet VVel-
nian ot Barre, pub. 27 Ap. 1818. Dr. AVilliam, of Enf., m. Mrs. Hannah
Jenney 23 Nov. 1819. Horace, m. Abigail Grant 14 Ap. 1822. PIosea,
ra. Perna King 18 June 1824. Eliza, m. Moses Barnes 28 May 1826. Rev.
George, of Sandgate, Vt., m. Eluthera F. Lawton 10 July 1831. Fidelia,
of Pet, m. Calvin Sanford, pub. 4 Sep. 1841. Rev. William B., of W.
Brk., m. Phebe W. Robinson 16 Feb. 1842. Mercy Ann, m. Augustus
Conkey of Mt Morris, N. Y., 10 Mar. 1846. Hosea E., ra. Fanny Rich
ardson, pub. 17 Oct. 1847. Clara B., ra. John V. Presho 3 Ap. 1850. Sa
mantha M., ra. AVilliam P. Granger 28 Oct 1852. Ellen, of Dana, m.
Elbridge Towne, pub. 24 Oct. 1867. Clark, ot Ent., ra. Mrs. Hannah
Danforth 30 Sep. 1858. Mary, m. Joseph Topp, pub. 30 July 1863. Caro
line, ra. Joseph St. John 10 Jan. 1869. Edgar F., m. Philena Robinson,
of Barre, 29 Jan. 1873.
Stowell, Is.\ac, m. Nabby  , and had Sally, b. 9 Jan. 1783; Jotham,
b. 16 May 1785; Nabby, b. 7 Feb. 1788.
Abel, ot Pet., m. Rachel Freeraan, 5 July 1792. Charles, m. Ruth Bur
den of Charlton, pub. 11 Oct. 1829. Avery W., ra. CaroUne S. Ingrabara of
Arab., pub. 14 Oct 1845.
Stratton, Ichabod, a cooper, res. in Brk. 12 Feb. 1731-2. He subse
quently reraoved to Hk. with his wife Eliz.abeth, who became a meraber of the
church 13 Nov. 1737. The date of his admission does not appear; but he was
manifestly a raeraber, because he was called to account, 14 Nov. 1753, for ab
senting hiraself " from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper," but afterwards
raade his peace with the church. He d. 31 Oct. 1762; his wife Elizabeth d.
8 Nov. 1761. No record is found ot their chil., who were prob. born in Brk.;
but they are supposed to have been parents of Francis, Ichabod, and Elizabeth,
who had a son, Judah, b. 18 July 1749, bap. 29 Ap. 1750, and who m. Thomas
Elwell, pub. 25 Ap. 1762.
2. Francis, prob. s. ot Ichabod (1), m. Eunice Corlie (or Kerley) 29 Ap.
1740, and had Sarah, b. 4 Feb. 1741; Martha, bap. 19 June 1743; Eunice, b.
18 Aug. 1744.
3. Ichabod, prob. s. of Ichabod (1), m. Abigail Church ot Hadley 14 Oct
1743; she d. 9 Ap. 1755, and he ni. Hannah Goodnow 1 July 1756. His chU.
were Asa, b. 1 6 July 1 744 (called David in baptismal record 22 July 1 744) ;
Elihu, b. 25 Feb. 1745-6; John, b. 20 Ap. 1748; Mary, b. 2 Feb. 1749-50;
Jonathan, b. 6 Ap. 1766; Abigail, b. 9 Ap. 1757; Joel, b. 16 Oct 1758.
Betty, widow of Jonathan Stratton of Marlborough, m. Elisha Hedge, pub.
4 Nov. 1765. She ret to Marl., where she died; her son, Jonathan Stratton,
was appointed administrator 11 Mar. 1794.
Sturtevant, James, b. in Duxbury, by w. Sybil, had SybU, b.  , m.
James Whipple, Jr., pub. 20 Feb. 1808; Asa, b. in N. Br. about 1792; Marcia,
b.  1796, was pub. to Lyman Thomas 19 June 1815, and ra. to Adin A.
Thompson 16 Dec. 1828; she d. in PhUlipston 22 Feb. 1879, a. nearly 83;
James, b.  ; Howland, b. in Ware about 1810; Olive, b.  , living in 1852.
James the f. d. here 30 Sep. 1829, a. 67; his w. Sybil d. 10 Mar. 1852, a.
nearly 88.
2. Asa, s. of Jaraes (1), m. Ruth Baker 1 May 1815, and had a chUd b. —
Ap. 1819, d. 12 May 1819; Seneca P., b. about 1820; S  R  , b. about
1822, d. at Ware 18 Aug. 1862, a. 40; a, child, b.  , d. — June 1826; James
W., b.  ; Thomas R., b.  ; George Edwin, b. — Feb. 1834, d. 23 Jan.
1835; Asa Grafton, b. about 1836, a soldier in the War ot the Rebellion, d. at
New York 28 Oct. 1862, a. 27; his head-stone is in the new cemetery. Asa is
supposed to have been father also of Prolexena, who m. Lorenzo Newland 22
Ap. 1835; SybU P., who m. Elbridge C. Howard of Monson, pub. 23 May
1846 ; and perhaps Cordelia A., of Gr., who ra. Joseph P. Snow, pub. 29 Nov.
1851. Asa the f. d. 3 Feb. 1867, a. 74 years and 8 months ; his w. Ruth d. 29
Jan. 1871, a. 78.

510 STURTEVANT — SUMNER.
3. James, s. of James (1), m.  , and had Seneca, b.  ; James H., b.
 ; Charles 0., b.  ; Julia, b.  1826, d. 10 Dee 1829, a. 3.
4. Howland, s. of James (1), ra. Mehetabel  , and had Evelyn, b. about
1834, ra. Alpheus S. Nye of Dana 2 Ap. 1864; Thaddeus, b. about 1840, d. at
Dana 18 Oct 1869, a. 29 ; a child b. 31 July 1843, d. 15 Aug. 1843. How
land the f. was a painter, and d. 21 Sep. 1843, a. 33.
5. Seneca P., s. of Asa (2), m. Sarah  , and had James William, b. 4
July 1848, d. 9 Jan. 1874; Asa, b. 24 Feb. 1850, d. 23 Sep. 1853; a son b. 21
Dec. 1851; Ellen Louisa, b. 4 Ap. 1854. Seneca P. the t. d. 11 Jan. 1856, a.
34 years and 9 months.
6. James W., s. of Asa (2), m. Angeline C. Cummings 27 Nov. 1850, and
had Fred, b. 29 Ap. 1864 ; Grace, b. 6 Feb. 1869, d. 12 Sep. 1869. James W.
the f., a wheelwright, res. on the road to Enfield, nearly three mUes from the
Common. 7. Thomas R., s. of Asa (2), m. Frances E. Hazard ot New Bedtord, pub.
 1852, and had Mary Lilly, b. 1 Ap. 1868.
8. Seneca, s. ot James (3), ra. Mary.'C  , and had Albert S., b. about
 1843, ra. Sophia M. PatrUl 14 Aug. 1866; she d. 10 Mar. 1877, a. nearly
39, and he ra. Susan R. Richardson 4 Dec. 1877, and had George E., b. 25 Jan.
1881 ; Mary D., b. about 1845, ra. Charles Newton 14 Mar. 1861; Sarah Hul
dah, b. 15 Sep. 1846 (called Huldah H. in the record of her marriage), ra. Elmer
L. Barnes 8 Jan. 1864; Charles Henry, b. 9 July 1848, ra. Lauretta Hunter of
Presc, pub. 24 Dec. 1868; Abby Eudora, b. 7 June 1850, ra. Alanson S. Bas
sett 13 Oct 1874; Flora Maria, b. 23 Mar. 1862, d. 23 July 1854; Flora
Maria, b. 3 Aug. 1854 ; LendaU Dwight, b. 3 May 1857, drowned 3 Aug. 1870;
Emma Angeline, b. 30 Oct 1861, d. 20 Dec. 1861 ; Cora Emma, b. 28 Oct.
1865. 9. J.AMES H., s. of Jaraes (3), ra. Maria A. Whipple, pub. 1 July 1853, and
had Cyrus Eston, b. 11 Jan. 1854; Eunice Celestia, b. 12 July 1856, m. William
AV. Johnson 18 Aug. 1880; Joel Rupert, b. 30 May 1861, d. 17 Oct 1865;
Sarah Maria, b. 5 June 1865. James H. the f., a farraer, res. in the westerly
part of the town.
10. Charles O., s. of James (3), m. Mary Jane  , and had Leon How
ard, b. 5 Ap. 1867 ; Amy Florence, b. 15 July 1876 ; Edgar Leroy, b. 4 Nov.
1880. Sullivan, Patrick, by w. Bridget, had John, b. 28 July 1864; Bridget, h.
20 July 1866.
2. Eugene, m. Mary SuUivan, pub. 13 Sep. 1868, and had Daniel, b. 24
Nov. 1870.
3. Michael, by w. Mary, had Mary EUen, b. 16 Mar. 1870; John, b. 18
Nov. 1871 ; Cornelius, b. 10 Mar. 1874 ; Dennis, b. 5 Nov. 1876 ; Francis, b. 2
Oct 1877; William, h. 28 Sep. 1879.
Sumner, William, s. of Roger, b. at Bicester, Eng., in 1605, carae to New
Eng. in 1636, and settled at Dorchester, where be d. 9 Dec. 1688. He m.
Mary West 22 Oct. 1626, and had six chil., of whom the fourth was George,
b.  1634.
2. George, s. of William (1), was lieutenant, deacon, and representative.
He res. at Milton, where he d. 11 Dec. 1715. He m. Mary Blake of North
ampton, and had eight chil., of whom the sixth was Edward, b. 29 Auo.
1676. 3. Edward, s. of George (2), res. at Roxbury, and died there in 1763. He
was one of the early proprietors of Hardwick. He m. Elizabeth Clapp 25 Sep.
1701, and had eleven chil., of whom the youngest was Benjamin, b. 29 Dee
1724. 4. Benjamin, s. of Edward (3), res. at Ashford, Conn., was captain, repre
sentative, and deacon, and d. 4 Jan. 1803. He ra. Bridget Perry 3 Oct 1748,
and had thirteen chil., of whom the eldest was James Fitch, b. 29 July 1749.
5. James Fitch, s. of Benjamin (and cousin gerraan to Governor Increase
Suraner), ra. Ada BuUard of Dedham 30 Sep. 1773 and had Sarah, b. 19 Oct
1774, ra. David Keyes ot Easttord 30 Jan. 1793; Drusilla, b. 13 Ap. 1777,

SUMNER — TAYLOR. 511
m. Murray Brown of Hk., and d. 9 Aug. 1837 ; William, b. IS Aug. 1779, d.
here 7 Jan. 1837 ; Sybil, b. 29 May 1782, in. Asa Raymond 16 Oct. 1803; Eliza
beth, twin, b. 6 June 1785, d. 22 May 1789; Mciry, twin, b. 6 June 1786, d.
unm. 26 Sep. 1809; Benjamin, b. 17 Feb. 1788; Irena, b. 15 Ap. 1793, m.
Thompson Howard 26 July 1816, and d. 15 Mar. 1872; Lucy, b. 22 Feb. 1797,
d. 13 Sep. 1803. James Fitch the f. res. at Ashford, Conn., until 1801, when
he came here and res. in the westerly part of the town. He was styled cap
tain, and was " killed by a tall," 25 June 1803.
6. Benjamin, s. of James Fitch (5), m. Mary Osborn of Ware 10 Oct
1816, and had James Fitch, b. 4 Sep. 1817; George, h. 30 July 1819; Elizabeth
Clark, b. 16 Aug. 1822, d. 8 Sep. 1822; Isaiah Clark, b. 16 Oct. 1823; Sarah
Brown, b. 14 May 1826, ra.  Converse, and d. 10 Ap. 1845; William Ben
jamin, b. 21 Jan. 1833, d. 27 July 1845. Benjamin the f. d. at AVare 21
Sep. 1855; his w. Mary d. here 29 Aug. 1850.
7. James Fitch, s. of Benjarain (6), ra. Martha Ann Converse ot Ware
 1843, and had Martha Lucinda, b. 3 Jan. 1844.
8. George, s. of Benjarain (6), ra. Melina A., dau. of Jason Thayer of
Amherst, 2 Oct. 1845, and had George William, b. 9 Nov. 1846, d. 17 Aug.
1849; VirgU Mara, b. 9 June 1849, d. 16 Aug. 1849. George the f. d. 16
May 1860; his w. Melina A. ra. WiUiara Curamings ot Ware 27 May 1856.
9. Isaiah Clark, b. of Benjamin (6), m. Louisa Turner of Pelham 3 Feb.
1846, and had Benjamin Clark, b. 30 Jan. 1849; Mary Louisa, h. 21 Nov.
1850, m. Walter Peirce 12 Ap. 1871; Samuel Ambrose, b. 12 Nov. 1853;
Charles Wyman, b. 20 Aug. 1856; Elizabeth AbigaU, b. 7 Oct. 1869, m. Albert
Marsh 7 Oct 1876. Isaiah Clark the f. d. at Ware 3 June 1882.
10. Benjamin Clare, s. of Isaiah Clark (9), m. Louisa Haskins 21 Sep.
1870, and had George, b. 31 Aug. 1871.
Many particulars concerning this family are gathered from the Sumner
Genealogy. SwASEY, Betsey, m. John Coloney 3 Aug. 1788.
Swift, Nathan, of Rut. Dist. (Barre), ra. Mary WiUis 8 Sep. 1774.
Orville, ot AVilraington, Vt., ra. Hannah Spooner 5 June 1832. Martin
J. Jr., of Bridgewater, m. Louisa S. Araes 11 Dec. 1845. Mary A., of
Bridgewater, m. Harrison F. Barnes 12 June 1861.
Taylor, Jon.\than, by w.  , had Stephen, bap. 25 Ap. 1762; Rebecca,
bap. 23 Sep. 1764; David, bap. 26 July 1767.
2. Seth, m. Mehetabel  , and had Mehetabel, b. about 1772, ra. Seth
Spooner 19 Feb. 1795, and d. 12 May 1812, a. 40; Sylvanus, b. about 1774;
Seth,b. about 1776, m. Rhoda Granger of N. Br., pub. 5 Feb. 1804, and d. 7
June 1811, a. 35. leaving an only dau. Harriet; Betsey, b.  1778, m. Mar
tin Rogers 30 Nov. 1797, and d. 14 Nov. 1853, a. 75 vears and 10 raonths;
Enos, b. about 1780, m. Mary Taylor, 22 Nov. 1801, aiid d. 13 Nov. 1822, a.
42 ; Nathan, b. about 1782; Olive, b. prob. about 1784, m. Ararai Taylor of
Fairlee, Vt, 14 Sep. 1800; Rhoda, h. about 1789, d. unra. 20 Nov. 1811, a.
22. No record is found of the birth ot these children ; the dates are estiraated
hy comparison with the dates of marriages and deaths. Seth the f. was
styled captain ; he d. suddenly at Boston, where he was transacting sorae busi
ness, 5 or 7 July 1811, a. 66; his w. Mehetabel d. 22 July 1832, a. 91.
3. Sylvanus, s. ot Seth (2), m. Eunice Bridges 19 Nov. 1801; she d. 24
Jan. 1819, a. 50, and he ra. Anna Dewin ot Brk., pub. 30 Jan. 1820. His
chil were Mary Mixter, b. 8 June 1804, ni. Hiram Gorham 26 Nov. 1829;
Lyman, b. 1 Nov. 1808. Sylvanus the f. res. near Barre, at the place
marked " S. Taylor" on the R. Map, and was the proprietor of " Taylor's
Mills." He d. 5 Ap. 1849, a. 75; his w. Anna d. 19 June 1841, a. 63.
4. Nathan, s. ot Seth (2), m. Susanna Gorhara of Barre, pub. 27 Nov.
1806, and had five children, who were all bap. with the raother, 18 May 1820,
namely, Mehetabel, Fanny, Levina (perhaps the sarae who m. Gardner Hatha-
¦way, pub. 26 Aug. 1855); John Gorham, b. about 1812, d. at Sprinof. i Aug.
1866, a. 54 ; Nathan, b. about 1815, ra. Lucy S. Haven of Barre 7 Dec. 1853.
Nathan the f. d. 11 May 1816, a. 32.

512 TAYLOR — THAYER.
5. Lyman, s. of Sylvanus (3), ra. Adeline M. Howland 28 Nov. 1839, and
had Mary A. G., b. 29 Nov. 1844, d. 27 Aug. 1848; Sylvanus, b. 25 Mar. 1847;
George Howland, b. 6 Aug. 18i9; James Barnard, b. 15 Aug. 1850.
Bartholomew, soldier in the French War, killed in battle 8 Sep. 1756.
Edward, m. Lydia Haskell 23 Nov. 1775. Susanna, ot Athol, m. Nathaniel
Merrick 23 Oct 1797. Lemuel F., m. Cassandra D. Dexter 9 Ap. 1835.
Leonora, m. Victor Robert, pub. 9 Nov. 1867. Harriet, dau. ot Sarauel
and Lavinia, d. 16 Oct 1803, a. 3 years and 9 raonths. John, formerly of
Wrentham, d. 27 Sep. 1811, a 65.1
Terry, John, Jr., m. Sarah Rarasdell 26 Sep. 1782, and had prob. John,
b. about 1783; Sally, h. 14 Dec. 1786, d. 18 Oct 1795; prob. Reuel, b. about
1789; m. Dolly AVinslow ot Ware, pub. 15 Dec. 1810; Phebe, b.  1791, d.
8 Oct 1795, a. 4; Sylvanus, b.  1793, d. 12 Oct 1795, a. 2 ; prob. Otis, b.
about 1795; a child b.  Feb. 1799, d. 31 Oct 1802; a child b. — May
1801, d. 24 Oct. 1802. Mrs. Sarah Terry d. 8 Aug. 1802, a. 40.
2. John, prob. s. ot John (1), ra. Ruth Dana 17 May 1804, and had Alvah,
b. U Ap. 1805 ; Sarah, b. 20 Dec. 1806, m. Oren Rarasdell 8 June 1823 ; Ruth,
h. 25 Mar. 1809, ra. John P. Marsh of AVare, pub. 31 Oct 1840, and d. 30
Nov. 1878; Horace, b. 6 July 1811; Alanson, b. 24 July 1814, d. 7 May 1816 ;
Sylvia, b. 25 Aug. 1818 or 1819, m. Festus Alden of Gr. 10 Sep. 1840 ; Phebe,
b. 14 Mar. 1824; William A., b. 12 Mar. 1830. (The last two chil. appear to
have been by second wife, Esther.)
3. Otis, prob. s. ot John (1), ra. Cynthia Ruggles 6 Mar. 1817, and had
Otis Lysander, bap. 24 May 1818.
4. Horace, ra. Eunice A. Rogers, pub. 7 Ap. 1843, and had .John, b. 11
Mar. 1844; Eunice ii., b. 4 Jan. 1846; Ruth Elizabeth, h. 17 Nov. 1851, d. 7
Dee 1853.
Phebe, m. David Bassett 11 Dec. 1782. Lydia, ra. Rev. Joshua Crosby
of Gr. (now Enfield), 8 Feb. 1790. Joanna, a widow, d. 6 Jan. 1814, a. 88.
Thayer, Benjamin, b. in Mansfield, ra. Polly Stetson 22 Sep. 1793, and
had Sophia, b. about 1794, ra. Jeremiah Thurston, and d. at Gr. 7 Jan. 1858,
a. 64; Relief, b. about 1798, m. Ephraim Arasden, Jr., of Gr. 15 Oct 1816,
and d. at Ware 27 May 1868, a. 70 ; Hannah, b. about 1800, d. unm. at Dana
21 Feb. 1864, a. 63 years and 2 months; Benjamin, h.  1810, d. 11 Sep.
1813, a. 3 years. Benjamin the t. d. 11 Nov. 1861, a. 86.
2. James, perhaps brother ot Benjamin (1), ra.  , and bad Ira, b. 
1794, d. 3 Oct 1813, a. 19. James the f. d. 7 July 1820, a. 50.
A " widow Thayer " d. 31 Aug. 1825; age not stated.
3. Samuel, perhaps brother (or possibly son) ot Benjamin (1), m. Fanny
Richardson, pub. 27 Jan. 1812, and had James H., b. about 1816 ; LendaU W.,
b. about 1818, m. Clarissa C. Skinner 7 Sep. 1843, and d. 8 Ap. 1852, a. 34;
Ansel W., h. about 1822, m. Bodicea Pike 12 Dee 1854, and d. 12 Aug. 1856,
a. 34. Samuel the f. d. 11 Feb. 1873, a. 85 years and 6 months; his w.
Fanny d. 3 Dec. 1869, a. 79.
4. Uel, parentage not ascertained, m. Lydia  , and had Augusta, h. 2
Mar. 1800; Thomas W., b. 3 Dec. 1803, d. 18 Ap. 1804; Elbridge Gerry, h.
21 Oct 1806; Nathan Wood, b. 7 Nov. 1808.
5. Hosea, of Dana, ra. Syrena Whipple, pub. 26 Ap. 1819, and had Joel,
b.  1821.
6. Erastus, ra. Ruby Whipple 26 May 1830, and had Elmer M., b. 
1840; Sarah, b. 7 Dec. 1844, d. 28 Jan. 1845. Erastus the f. d. 16 Mar.
1848, a. 35.
7. Jonas H., s. of Sarauel (4), ra. Mary Ann  ; she d. 11 Jan. 1865, a.
50, and he m. Clarissa C, widow of his brother LendaU W. Thayer, 4 Nov.
1866. Some of his chil. were (prob.) John Porter, h. about 1837, accidentally
kiUed near Princeton, N. J., in Sep. 1859, a. 22 ; Julia Ann, b. about 1840,
m. Constantine Smith 3 July 1856, and (2d) Francis P. Weeks 26 June 1872,
and d. 4 May 1874; Scott Leroy, b. about 1847. Jonas H. the f. d. 17 Mav
1871, a 55. ^
1 Several members of the Taylor family were buried in a private cemetery near the
Barre hne. -'

THAYER — THOMAS. 513
8. Ezra, m. Julia  , and had Zachary Taylor, b. 8 July 1848, d. at Dana
29 Nov. 1864. ./ ./ . J ,
9. Joel, s. of Hosea (5), m. Jane F. Converse 28 Nov. 1849, and had Ida
Luella, b. here 29 May 1853, though the father is styled of Dana in the record
of marriage.
10. Andrew J., ra. Sylvia B. Johnson, pub. 24 Nov. 1855, and had Philip
Edwin, h. 12 Mar. 1858; Cairie Civilla, b. 24 Nov. 1861; Arthur Freeman, b.
6 Mar. 1866.
11. Samuel E., m. Hortensia Norcutt, pub. 22 Nov. 1859, and bad Lillie
Maria, b. 18 July 1862; Henry Alanson, h. 30 Jan. 1866; Emily W., b. 12
Mar. 1874 ; Charles Mitchell, b. 1 July 1876.
12. Elmkr M., s. of Erastus (6), m. Marv Ellen Forbes 10 July 1861, and
had Jennie A., b.  1862, ra. James T. Kellogg ot Gr. 25 Nov. 1880.
13. Scott Leroy, s. of Jonas H. (7), m. Balarah Allen 3 Nov. 1867, and
had Abbie Florence, b. 26 July 1868 ; John Porter, h. — Aug. 1870, d. 11 Mar.
1871; Alice G., b. 15 Sep. 1872, d. 14 Oct 1872; Anna Lura, b. 14 July
1875, d. 10 Sep. 1875.
14. Charles AV., ra. Harriet R. Stephens 12 Oct 1871, and had Eva May,
b. 8 Feb. Ib72.
15. George W., m. Mary Ann  , and had a son b. 4 Dec. 1876.
Grindall and wife came here from AA'renthara in 1769. John, a Revolu
tionary soldier frora 1778 to 1781, ra. Exe (Achsah?) Powers of Gr., pub.
5 Nov. 1780. Ephraim, was a corporal in the army, 1777; and Samuel,
was a soldier from 1778 to 1781, but no further trace of them appears. Ra
chel, ra. Henry Butterfield of Gr. 20 Nov. 1783. Mary, of Pet., ra. Ebenezer
Sprout 11 Dec. 1783. Abigail, m. Silas Richardson 26 Nov. 1789. Sally,
ra. Moses AVhipple 31 Dec. 1789. William, ra. Mary Stephens 28 Nov.
1793. Hannah, m. Jacob Stephens, pub. 8 Nov. 1796, and d. 17 May 1830,
a. 57. Nancy, m. John Johnson, pub. 10 Nov. 1797. Sally, ra. Aaron
Johnson of Gr. 4 Oct 1798. Lina, m. George Marsh ot Pet, pub. 9 Ap.
1801. Clarissa, ra. John Wild of Butternuts, N. Y., pub. 15 Feb. 1819.
John, m. Susan Simmons, pub. 7 Feb. 1820. Annis, ra. WiUiam Kelly, pub.
25 Dec. 1820. Caleb, ra. Hannah Stephens, pub. 16 Mar. 1823. Martha,
m. David Whipple, pub. 26 .Jan. 1827. Civilla R., m. PhUip Johnson,
pub. 20 Mar. 1830. Sally AV., m. Solomon G. Towne of Winchendon 13
May 1834. Susan, m. Newell Bacon 31 Dec. 1839. William A., ra. Sarah
Ann AA^eaver 9 May 1850. Mary Ann, m. George W. Richardson, pub.
 1864. Balarah, dau. of Joel, d. 21 Sep. 1810, a. 17. Melzar, s. of
Joel, d. 12 Mar. 1814, a. 19.
Tho.mas, William, was one of the very earliest pioneers in the settlement
of Hardwick, having a house here as early as 13 Dec. 1732. He res. on the
old road trom the Furnace Village to Gilbertville, at the place marked " C.
Paige " on the R. Map.i His w. Patience d. 27 Oct 1746, and he was pub.
to Susanna Marble of Stow 11 Ap. 1747,^ and d. 22 May 1747, a. prob.
about 60. He was a member of the first board of selectmen after the town
was incorporated in 1739, and manifestly a man of much energy.^ His chil.
who shared in the division othis coraparatively large estate, 11 May 1749,
were Amos (eldest son) ; Zerviah, b. 1709, ra. Samuel Marsh, and (2d) Isaiah
Pratt 2 Mar. 1746-7, and d. 18 Ap. 1798, a. 89; Temperance, b.  , ra. Ed
mund Jordan; Hannah, b.  , m. Isaiah Glazier 8 Nov. 1738; Elizabeth, b.
 , ra. Edraund Grover; Daniel; Nathan; Aaron, m. Elizabeth Marvile of
Brk., pub. 27 Jan. 1749-50; Israel, b. 7 Aug. 1735. (Mary, b. 3 Mar. 1731-2,
had prob. d. young.)
1 He devoted a spot on his farm to the 3 I once supposed this AVilliam Thomas to
burial of the dead, which was rudely dis- have been the first school-master in Hard-
turbed in 1871, when excavations were made wick, 1745 ; but afterwards found evidence
for the Ware River Railroad. that the school-master was of Marlborough,
2 No record is found of the marriage ; and and father of Kobert B. Thomas, the "iar-
as he lived so short a time after the inteu- mer's Almanac " maker.
tion was published, it may be doubted
whether it was consummated. 33

514 THOMAS.
2. Amos, s. of WiUiam (1), m. AbigaU  , and had Elizabeth, b. 4 July
1738 ; William, b. 18 Sep. 1739, d. young; Abigail, b. 3 Mar. 1741, m. Sam
uel Beals 31 July 1767; Olive, b. 1 Dec. 1742, prob. d. young; William, b. 6
Aug. 1744; Amos, b. 6 Ap. 1746; Joseph, b. 24 May 1748 ; Daniel, b. 5 May
1760 ; Mercy, b. 6 Ap. 1752, m. Luke Bonney 5 Nov. 1772; Isaac, b. 13 July
1764, d. 18 Dec. 1755. Amos the f. was a farmer, res. about hah a mile south
of his father's homestead, at the place raarked " Moulton " on the R. Map,
and d. 31 July 1764.
3. Nathan, s. of William (1), ra. Hepzibah  , and had Mary, b. 11
Jan. 1743-4; Nathan, b. 12 Nov. 1745; Patience, b. 31 Jan. 1747-8.
4. William, s. of Amos (2), was a physician, and res. in Brk. ; he m. Abiel
CoUins 23 Aug. or Sep. 1765, and araong his chil. were Argalas (%vhose name
was changed, in manhood, to Samuel Beals Thomas), a noted keeper of a
hotel, opposite to the court-house in Worcester ; and Sylvanus, an innholder in
the westerly part of West Brookfield. Dr. William the t. d. in Mar. 1805,
a. 60.
5. Amos, s. of Araos (2), m. Eunice Bangs 20 Dee 1770, and had Isaac, b.
11 or 13 July 1771, d. 19 Ap. 1842; Nathaniel, b. 13 or 21 Feb. 1773, d. 8
Dec. 1851 ; Amos, b. 24 Oct 1774, d. 29 July 1863 ; AbigaU, b. 13 Mar. 1776,
d. 11 Sep. 1862 ; Eunice, h. 11 Feb. 1778, d. 8 Ap. 1852 ; David, b. 24 Oct
1779, d. — May 1865; Beals, b. 29 June 1781, d. 24 Aug. 1854 ; Azariah, h.
16 Dec. 1782, d. 14 Sep. 1830 ; Heman, b. 21 June 1785, d. 9 or 29 June 1843;
Mary, b. 9 Aug. 1786, d. 9 Nov. 1840; Rhoda, b. 29 Dec. 1788, d. 25 July
1789; Rhoda, b. 22 Dee 1790, d. 21 Oct 1865 ; Arden, b. 24 Sep. 1793, d. 4
Nov. 1874 ; Rhoba (Ruby?), b. 7 Aug. 1796, d. 1 Sep. 1814 ; Alpheus, b. 2
Ap. 1797, living in Athol, 1875. Amos the f. rera. soon after 1774 to N. Sa
lem, where raost of his children were born; he d. 29 Ap. 1831, a. 85; his w.
Eunice d. 26 June 1830, a. 78. For raost of the facts in regard to this faraily
I ara indebted to his grandson. Dr. Jason B. Thomas of Thorndike.
6. Joseph, s. of Amos (2), ra. Mary, dau. ot Elisha Billings, 17 Mar. 1774,
and had four chil., the record of whose births is mutilated so that the several
years do not appear: Isaac, b. 20 Dee  , d. 23 Feb. 1778; Polly, b. 9 Oct
 ; Isaac, b. 2 July  , prob. ra. Cynthia Washburn 27 Nov. 1805; Sabra,
b. 29 Aug.  . Joseph the f. prob. rem. to Hardwick, Vt., and d. 9 Mar.
1841, a. 93; his w. Mary d. 11 Sep. 1819, a. 65.
7. Daniel, s. of Araos (2), ra. Mercy  -, and had Samuel Beals, b. 2
Feb. 1771; Betty, b. 9 Sep. 1772; Perthinia, b. 31 May 1774, ra. Joseph Crow
ell 24 Oct 1793; Daniel, b. 28 Jan. 1776; he may have been father also of
Lucinda, b.  , ra. Abel Ruggles 8 May 1799; Mercy, b.  , m. Isaac
AVarren 19 Oct 1800; Abigail, b. about 1781, m. Gershom Cobb 2 May 1811,
and (2d) David Blackmer 13 Oct 1823, and d. 22 Mar. 1832, a. 51. Daniel
the f. becarae (with his wife) a public charge as early as 1812, and remained
so in 1819, and prob. through life; she d. in Sep. 1824, and he d. not many
years later.
8. Beals, s. of Amos (5), m. Nancy Bigelow of N. Brk., pub. 16 Jan. 1815;
she d. 12 May 1821, a. 29 nearly, and he m. Dolly W., dau. ot Capt. Thomas
Egery, 11 Ap. 1824; she d. 23 June 1836, a. 33, and he ra. Sally W., dau. ot
Stephen Gorhara, 28 Nov. 1837. His chiL were, an infant, d. 7 July 1816;
Jason B., b. 6 Aug. 1817; Nancy B., b. 16 Dec. 1825, m. George J. Newton
8 Feb. 1865, and d. at GloversvUle, N. Y., 3 or 4 June 1858; Clara E., b. 21
July 1828, m. Addison A. Hunt 16 Mar. 1852; Edwin E., b. 24 .Jan. 1831, d.
at Saratoga Springs — Jan. 1868; Sarah J., b. 21 Sep. 1840, m. Franklin
Wait 18 Feb. 1862, d. at Greenfield 6 Feb. 1878. Beals the f. was adopted
by Maj. Samuel Beals (the husband ot his aunt), and res. on his homestead on
the easterly road to Gilbertville, but afterwards erected a house on the turn
pike, about a hundred rods northeriy from the Comraon ; ho was a farmer, and
d. 23 or 24 Aug. 1854, a. 73 ; his w. Sally AV. d. at Wore. 18 Dec. 1867, a. 54.
9. Daniel, s. of Daniel (7), m. Polly, dau. of Capt Edward Ruggles, 3
Sep. 1798, and had Asa R., b. at Penobscot 6 July 1799; Hiram, b. here 24
Nov. 1800, d. 6 Aug. 1803 ; Elihu H., b. here 30 Oct 1802.

THOMAS — THURSTON. 515
10. Jason B., s. of Beals (8), m. Phila, dau. ot Capt Martfn MandeU, 17
Ap. 1850, and had a son b. 30 Aug. 1856, d. 20 Sep. 1855; a dau. b. 21 Ap.
1860, d. 14 Auo. 1860_; Martin M.,h. 28 June 1861. Jason B., the f., a phy
sician, res. in Thorndike, where he d. 28 Nov. 1880.
11. Isaac, s. of Isaac of Pembroke, m. Mary, wid. of Asa Hatch of Plym
outh, 12 May 1747, rem. to Hk. in 1762, was a merchant, and engaged in
the manufacture of potash and ironware. His house and store were on the
east road to GilbertviUe, between the places marked " O. Trow " and "J.
Mann " on the R. Map, which, after his death, became the property of John
Rowe of Boston. He d. in 1765; his w. Mary was administratrix 22 Oct
1766, but d. before 28 Feb. 1766.
Patience, m. Jonathan Kendall ot Leominster 10 Oct 1745. Submit,
ot N. Br., m. Richard AA'aite, pub. 20 June 1771. Anna, ra. Deering Elwell
of AA'^. Harapton, pub. 20 Mar. 1791. Israel, of Gr., m. Fanny Peirce, pub.-
30 Nov. 1797. Joanna, in. Jonas Barnes, pub. 24 Mar. 1806. Cynthia, ra.
Lawrin Mason, pub. 15 May 1813. Lyman, was pub. 19 June 1815, to Mar
cia Sturtevant. Israel, ra. Gratia Cobb of Gr., pub. 22 Jan. 1827. Jacob,
of Shutesbury, m. Nancy Burt 5 Nov. 1837.
Thompson, Adin A., m. Marcia, dau. ot Jaraes Sturtevant, 16 Dec. 1828,
and had i!/dia Jane, b. 20 Nov. 1829; Tryphosa Elizabeth, b. 13 Dec. 1830,
m.  Moore, or  Morse, and d. 4 Dec. 1878, at New Salem; James
Barfield, b. 21 Mar. 1832; Marcia Augusta, b. — Nov. 1833, d. at N. Sal. 20
Sep. 1852; Samuel Adin, b. 4 May 1835; Frances Julia, b. 4 Aug. 1837.
2. Thomas E., ra. Susan  and had a son d. 1 Oct. 1842, a. 2 months;
Charles Henry, b. 4 Ap. 1844.
3. Caleb, m. Josephine  , and had Florence Virginia, b. 31 July 1848.
James, m. Polly Sellon 20 Aug. 1777. Eunice, m. John Wallis, Jr., of
Barre 7 Feb. 1780. Nathan, of Salera, N. Y., m. Alice Ruggles 21 Dec.
1797. Irene, a widow, d. 15 Mar. 1872, a. 79.
Thresher, Hervey. s. of Timothy, and b. in N. Br., m. Aurelia Bolster
5 Dec. 1826, and had Sylvia W., b. about 1828, m. Elliot B. Trow 27 Mar.
1866; J/aZ(V(da,b. about 1830, m. Williara Blake of Beh 6 Mar. 1848; Charles
H., b. about 1833, d. in Barre 28 June 1863, a. 30; Elizabeth, b. about 1835,
m. WUliam Bates of Barre, pub. 21 Oct. 1863; Oramel S., b. 18 Sep. 1846.
Hervey the t. d. 24 Mar. 1878, a. 75; his w. Aurelia d. at N. Br. 19 Jan.
1851, a. 42.
2. Harlow, m. Irene  , and had George, b.  1843, d. 25 July 1847,
a. 4; Angeline, b. 24 Feb. 1847; a daughter b. 20 Feb. 1849.
3. David, m. Nancy Robbins, pub. 17 Sep. 1850, and had Delia E., b.
about 1854, m. Alfred J. Graves 25 Ap. 1875; Harrison Orcutt, b. 12 June
1856; Lura, b. 3 Aug. 1858, d. 21 Oct 1872. David the f. d. 3 Oct. 1869,
a. 49 ; his w. Nancy d. 22 May 1869, a. 44.
4. Harrison Orcutt, s. of David (3), by w. Lizzie, had Maud Edith, b.
27 Oct 1880.
5. Frederick, by w. Nancy M., had a son b. 11 June 1857; Herbert Fred
erick, b. 11 Mav 1859; Effie Augusta, h. 31 Jan. 1861.
6. Elijah C., by w. Philinda, had Jennie Angeline, b. 28 Aug. 1863; Rob
ert Orcutt, b. 20 Dec. 1864.
Abigail, of N. Br., ra. Josiah Butler 7 Feb. 1771. Lewis, of Prescott, ra.
Lydia Chase — Dec. 1842.
Thurston, Samuel, ra. Sibbelah  , and had Sally, b. about 1772, ra.
Abner Weston 17 Oct 1788, and d. 13 Mar. 1836, a. 63; Lettice, b. about
1775, ra. Stephen Gorham 6 Nov. 1798, and d. 22 Ap. 1831, a. 65; Deborah,
h. about 1778, m. Col. Micah Reed, pub. 3 Ap. 1797, and d. 30 June 1828;
Paul, b. 6 Aug. 1781, d. 17 Feb. 1786; Samuel, b. 11 Jan. 1784, d. 17 Feb.
1786. Samuel, the f. became "deranged in mind" and wandered frora
his home 11 Mar. 1807; his w. advertised .his absence in the Massachusetts
Spy 1 Ap. 1807, and on the 8th or 9th of the same raonth he was found dead,
a 62- the church record has this reraark : " Verdict of jury, that his death
was accidental." His w. Sibbelah (or Sybil) m. Capt. Samuel Dexter 26 Sep.

516 THURSTON— TROAV.
1811, but "lett his bed and board " before 19 Oct 1812; she d. in N. Br. 13
July'l849, a. 100 years, as inscribed on her head-stone in the new cemetery
in Hk., and also on the town record of N. Br., where her name is erroneously
written " Isabella."
2. Jeuemiah, ni. Sophia, dau. of Benjamin Thayer, and had Mary F., b.
about 1822, d. unm. 14 Ap. 1842, a. 20 ; Martha L., b. about 1823, d. unm. 6
Mar. 1863, a. 40. Jeremiah the f. d. 12 Mar. 1829, a. 34 ; his w. Sophia d.
at Gr. 7 Jan. 1868, a. 64. All were buried in the new cemetery; but only
Martha L. appears by the record to have died here.
Tibbetts, Franklin La Fayette, m. Mary W. Hervey 12 Jan. 1853,
and had Edith M., b. 16 Oct. 1854; Mary Effie, b. 14 May 1867; Albion B.,
b. 13 Oct 1859.
Tinney, Zenas D. (otherwise written Dexter Z. Tinney), ot Newburg,
Me., ra. Ruth Dexter 6 Nov. 1856, and had Harriet Maria, b. 16 Aug. 1857,
d. 6 Dec. 1864. Zenas D. the f. was a soldier in the Federal Array, and
was killed in tbe Battle of the Wilderness, 6 May 1864, a. 33 ; his w. Ruth d.
25 June 1881, a. 54.
Gideon, of Barre, m. Betsey ChUds 8 Mar. 1792. Daniel, of Ware, m.
AbigaU Pike 16 Oct 1803, and d. 29 Nov. 1811, a. 63. Mrs. Tinney, d. —
June 182.5, a. 70.
Tisdale, Abijah, ra. Miriara  , and had Abijah, b. 24 July 1792.
Titus, Ephraim, ra. Hannah Cobb 20 Dec. 1770, and had William, b. 19
Dec. 1771 ; Seth,b. 11 Aug. 1774.
Ebenezer, of Gr., m. Patty Rich 30 Aug. 1792. George S., of Ware, ra.
Hannah Stedraan 1 May 1858.
Totman, Lucretia, ra. MUes Cobb, pub. 30 Dec. 1826. Nancy, m. Sam
uel D. Anderson of Ware 7 Aug. 1828. Lydia, m. Laertes Evans 2 June
1833. Lucy H., ra. Loren Shaw 17 Mar. 1846. L. Maria, ra. Addison A.
Barber of Arab., pub. 1 Sep. 1848.
Towne, Elltah, ra. Louisa  , and had Harriet Malvina, b. 11 Dec.
1821, ra. Dr. David Ransora ot CarlviUe, N. Y., 19 May 1840 ; Paul Allen, b.
8 Dec. 1823; Rosina, b. 4 June 1825.
2. William B., m. Elizabeth  , and had Carrie L., b. about 1860, m.
Frederick A. Ruggles 15 Jan. 1878; Ernest Eugene, b. 8 Bee. 1864.
3. Amos T., ra. Laura M.  , and had Frank Elbridge, b. 26 July 1869.
4. Henry G., ra. Mary Ann Warner 1 Jan. 1872, and had Percie R., b. 22
May 1878 ; George Henry, b. 29 Jan. 1880; William G., b. 17 Aug. 1881, d. 9
Sep. 1881. Henry G. the f., a raerchant and deacon, res. on the Coraraon.
Almira, ra. Hosea Butterfield ot Gr., 11 Ap. 1820. Eliza A., of Gr., m.
John V. Presho, pub. 13 June 1857. Elbridge, m. Ella Stone ot Dana, pub.
24 Oct 1857. John, ra. Sarah Simonds, pub. 2 Nov. 1858. Charles R., d.
6 Nov. 1862, a. nearly 32. Sally, dau. of John, b. at Dana, d. 24 Ap. 1864,
a. 35.Trask, Danforth, ra. Clarissa Winter of Gr., pub. 23 Nov. 1833, and had
George Danforth, h. 15 Nov. 1834, d. 8 Mar. 1840; Charles Edwin, b. 26 Sep.
1836, d. 15 Mar. 1840; Walter Scott, b. 11 Aug. 1838, d. 12 Mar. 1840; Wil
liam Augustus, b. 24 Feb. 1840.
2. Michael, ra. MiUy Rawson of So. Orange, pub. 4 May 1844; she d. 13
Mar. 1847, a. 21, and he m. Martha Rawson, pub. 20 May 1848. His chil.
were Alden F., b. 25 Feb. 1847; Sylvanus Michael, b. 23 Mar. 1849; Alpheus
H., b. 1 Aug. 1851, d. 12 Oct 1851.
David, of Leicester, ra. Paraela Cutler, pub. 21 July 1816.
Trow, Benjamin, ra. Margaret  , who was adm. to the church in Nor
ton 1754. His chU. were Solomon, b.  , a soldier in the French AA^ar, 1759;
Israel, b. about 1737; Eunice, b. about 1744, ra. PhUip Spooner of Pet., and d.
here 30 May 1830, a. 86; and perhaps others. Benjamin the f. res. in Nor
ton, and d. 9 Sep. 1769; hisw. Margaret d. in 1789, a. 86.
2. Israel, s. of Benjarain (1), ra. Mary Clapp 1 Jan. 1761; she d. here 13
June 1809, a. 71, and he m. Prudence Leonard ot Taunton, pub. 1 Ap. 1811.
His chil. were Benjamin, b. 18 Ap. 1763, a soldier in the Revolutionarv War,

TROW — TUCKER. 517
1778, settled in Buckland; Israel, b. 11 May 1766, ra. Hannah Makepeace 28
May 1788, and d. in N. Br., 27 Aug. 1806; Orin, b. 9 Nov. 1769 ; Lydia, b.
 , m. Joel Spooner of Northfield 24 Dec. 1797 ; Nancy, b.  -, ra. Joseph
Bruce 28 Ap. 1799. Israel the f. was a sergeant in tlie French War 1759,
and a captain in the Revolutionary AVar, for several short campaigns ; he was
a member ot the Committee of Correspondence four years, between 1775 and
1781 ; selectman four years, between 1782 and 1793; assessor six years, 1778-
91; treasurer three years, 1773-75; and representative in 1784 and 1785.
About 1793 he rem. from Norton to Petersham, and about two years later to
Hardwick, where he res. during the remainder ot his life, on the turnpike,
near the Furnace, at the place raarked " E. Trow " on the R. Map. He d. 17
Feb. 1825, a. 88.
3. Orin, s. of Israel (2), came here with his father about 1795, and ra. Han
nah, dau. ot Benjamin Robinson ot Barre, pub. 26 May 1799 ; she d. 13 June
1817, a. 41, and he m. her niece, Lucy P., dau. of James and granddaughter
of Benjamin Robinson of Barre, 14 July 1822. His chil. were Clarissa, b. 26
Nov. 1799, d. 8 July 1803; Gardner, b. 21 Sep. 1801, d. 7 July 1803; Alma. b.
— June 1803 or 2 July 1804, ra. Dan W. Lane 6 Jan. 1824, and d. in 1875;
Elliott Beckwith, b. 10 Dec. 1805; Orin, b. 2 Jan. 1808; Anna Maria, b. 18
Sep. 1810, ra. Charles C. Spooner 17 Sep. 1829; Israel Clapp, b. 20 Sep. 1815;
a child b. 14, and d. 16 May 1817. Orin the f. was a farmer, res. on the
homestead with his father, and d. 28 Oct. 1822, a. nearly 53; his w. Lucy
P. m. James Browning 26 Nov. 1829.
4. Elliott B., s. ot Orin (3), m. Anna P. King ot Barre 27 Mar. 1831;
she d. 15 Aug. 1863, a. 59, and he ra. Sylvia W. Thresher 27 Mar. 1866. His
chil. were Anna Maria, b. 7 Dec. 1831, m. George W. Reed of Hubbardston
11 Nov. 1869 ; Elliott B., b. 25 Dec. 1833, ra. Isabella Worthington ot Ster
ling, 111., and d. at Coloma, III., 12 May 1862; Samuel King, b. 6 June 1836,
m. Charlotte E. Ross of Barre 6 June 1876; Joseph K., b. 9 Aug. 1838, d. 18
or 19 Oct. 1859. Elliott B. the f. was afarmer, res. on the homestead, and
d. 7 or 8 Oct 1879.
5. Orin, s. ot Orin (3), m. Eunice G. Robinson ot Barre (sister of his step
mother) 31 May 1828, and had Orin Clapp, b. 17 Nov. 1830; Charles Lin
coln, b. 11 Sep. 1833; Lucian Dwight, b. 12 Jan. 1839. Orin the f., a far
mer, res. on the turnpike, near Great Meadow Brook, at the place marked " O.
Trow " on the R. Map. He was a captain of militia, a selectman six years, and
representative in 1861. His w. Eunice G. d. 11 Mar. 1866, a. 51.
6. Orin Cl.\pp, s. ot Orin (5), m. Nina Rosalie Petri at Baltimore, Md.,
3 July 1857, and had Rosa Eunice, b. 3 Oct 1858. Orin C. the t. d. at
Washington, D. C, 27 Oct 1864.
7. Charles Lincoln, s. ot Orin (5), m. Abbie J., dau. of Gardner Bar
tholoraew 10 Sep. 1865, and had Samuel B., h. ¦— May 1858, d. 3 Oct. 1858.
Charles L. the f. rera. to Richmond, Ind., where he d. 15 Feb. 1877. His
w. Abbie J. m. Joseph N. Lincoln of Hardwick.
8. Lucian Dwight, s. of Orin (5), ra. Rhoda Griffin of Syracuse, N. Y., 13
Sep. 1865, and had Fannie Eunice, b. 7 Dec. 186 7; Paella Maud, b. 3 Aug.
1869. Lucian Dwight the f., a farraer, res. with his father on the home
stead, and has long been an energetic and very useful raember of the school
committee. Trubsdale, Harvey E., of Holden, m. Anna Fellows, pub. 29 May 18o0,
and had, in Hk., Etta Cordelia, h. 4 May 1851; Anna Lorinda, b. 19 May
1853 ; Mary Eliza, b. 12 Dec. 1854, m.  Stearns, and d. at Holden 3 Jan.
1877 Tucker, Robert, with wife Martha, and children Seth, Eliphaz, Joshua,
and Laban, carae from Norton to Brookfield, and thence to Hardwick in 1774,
and res. at first in a house of George Field. Robert the f. d. in 1805 ; his
w. Martha d. 30 Nov. 1809, a. 74. . .„ , , t> ,o^r a
2 Seth s. of Robert (1), m. Miriara Arvin (Marvin?) 17 Dec. 1807, and
had Robert, b. 22 Sep. 1808, ra. Elizabeth W. Tucker of N. Sal., pub. 5 Mar.
1832, and d. at Ware 30 June 1879; Bradford, b. 26 Miy 1811; Jolm Marvin,

518 TUCKER — TUTE.
b. 26 June 1817; Ruth A., b. 26 Mar. 1820, m. WiUiam S. Bassett 1 Dec. 1836;
Seth Porter, b. 5 May 1822, d. 22 June 1836 ; Sarah E., b. 23 July 1826. Seth
the f. d. 14 May 1853, a. 89; his w. Miriam d. 28 Aug. 1858, a. 72.
3. Joshua, s. of Robert (1), m. Sarah Johnson of Orange, pub. 10 Mar.
1799, rera. to N. Sal., and had, perhaps, Ebenezer, b. about 1807, d. here 22 Ap.
1857, a. 50; Alfred, b. about 1808; prob. Joshua, b. about 1813, d. here 22
Nov. 1836, a. 23.
4. Laban, s. of Robert (1), ra. Ruth Converse of Ware, pub. 16 Oct. 1803;
she d. 30 Nov. 1809, a. 27, and he m. Anna Douglass 8 Nov. 1810. Plis chU.
were Seneca, b. 13 Sep. 1805; Cynthia, b. 12 Jan. 1807, d. unm. 7 Feb. 1865;
Laban, b. 30 Aug. 1808; John Estes, b. 7 Sep. 1811, m. Adeline Gilraore 17
Mar. 1846, and d. at N. Brk. 3 May 1872; Mary Louisa, b. 8 Jan. 1818.
Laban the t. d. 21 Nov. 1822, a. 51.
5. Alfred, s. of Joshua (3), ra. Mary  ; she d. 21 June 1838, a. 28, and
he m.  . His chU. were WilcuU, b. about 1835, d. 20 Ap. 1858, a. 23; Addi
son Frederick, h. 11 Oct 1845. Alfred the f. d. 26 Ap. 1866, a. 58.
6. Avery, ra. Elizabeth W.  , and had Lomira, b. — — 1840, d. 29 July
1844, a. 4; Caroline E., b.  1842, d. 2 Aug. 1844, a. 2; Freeman Sylvester,
b. 6 July 1843; a dau. b. 11 Ap. 1848, d. 17 Ap. 1848; Sarah Elizabeth, h. 7
Oct 1850, d. 11 .Jan. 1851.
7. PIiRAM, m. Mary E.  , and had George Edward, b. 2 Nov. 1843; Maria
E., b. 7 Ap. 1847, d. 28 Ap. 1848; Mary L., b. 19 June 1849, m. John F.
Lathrop of NewtonviUe 16 Oct 1872; William H., b. about 1851; Frank B.,
b. 19 Oct 1852, d. 20 Ap. 1858 ; Frederick Herman, b. 16 Aug. 1866.
8. Christopher C, ra. Mary S.  , and had EUen Jane, b. 14 Aug. 1863.
9. Elijah F., ra. Abbie J. Newcorab, pub. 19 Feb. 1856, and bad Emma
Augusta, b. 26 Nov. 1858, d. — Jan. 1869; Willie Isaiah, h. 9 Sep. 1862.
10. AVilliam H., s. of Hiram (7), m. Dahliette M., dau. of Adonijah Dennis,
30 Ap. 1867; shed. 12 Aug. 1874, a. 32, and he m. Marion A. Spooner of
Barre 6 June 1877. His chU. were Frank W., b. 7 Mar. 1868 ; Ethelyn D. M.,
b. 3 Dec. 1871; Howard H., h. 24 Feb. 1879.
11. Ephraim, parentage not ascertained, m. Abigail  , and had Benja
min, b. 6 May 1 780 ; Ephraim, b. — Ap. 1 784.
Clarinda, ot N. Brk., ra. James Vokes, pub. 16 Nov. 1784.
Tupper, Martyn, Rev., was the first minister of the Calvinistic Society
after its separation from tbe original Congregational Society in Hardwick.
He was born at West Stafford, Conn., 6 Jan. 1800, grad. at Nassau Hall 1826,
was ordained here 16 Ap. 1828, and resigned 29 Ap. 1835; he was installed at
pj. Longmeadow in Oct 1835, and dismissed in Sept. 1849 ; after a short pas
torate at Lanesboro' he was re-installed here 23 June 1852, and remained
pastor ot the church until 1 Sep. 1870, when he resigned, and rem. to Wa
verly, 111. He m. Persis L. Peck ot W. StaflFord 13 Ap. 1828, had three chil. b.
here, and others in Longmeadow: Henry Martyn, b. 10 June 1830, grad. A. C.
1869, pastor of the church and principal of the Shaw Coll. Inst, at Ontario, 111. ;
Augusta Lomira, b. 4 Feb. 1832, m. Theodore E. Curtis of AVaverly, IU., 22
Dec. 1868; Emily Peck, b. 2 Oct 1834, m. Dr. John C. Norris of Leipsic,
Del., 14 July 1863, d. at Philadelphia 24 Dec. 1866, and was buried in the
faraily lot in the new cemetery; James Brainard Taylor, b. at Longmeadow 8
Nov. 1839, grad. W. C. 1861, a lawyer; Elizabeth H, b. at Longmeadow 22
Oct. 1844, d. here, unra., 26 Aug. 1864. Mrs. Tupper d. at Waverly 7 July
1871, a. 67 ; about a year afterwards, her bereaved husband transported her
reraains to Hardwick, and deposited them by the side of their chUdren; after
which he visited his friends in Stafford, and there sickened and d. 31 July
1872. He was buried here among his people, to whom he had ministered more
than twenty-five years.
Turner, Bathsheba, ra. Luther Burgess, 24 Dec. 1797. Frances M.,
m. Alpheus Johnson, pub. 28 Ap. 1853. Charles S., ra. Alice A. Robinson
24 Nov. 1853. Munroe, ra. Clara Robinson 4 Mar. 1858. Abigail, d. 5
May 1845, a. 19.
Tute, James, ra. Kezia  , and had John, b. 6 July 1732, bap. here 14
Aug. 1737; James, bap. 21 May 1738; Sarah, b. 5 Mar. 1740.

TUTE— WALKER. 519
Mrs. Catherine m. WUliara Richards, Roxbury, 28 Feb. 1830.
Tyler, Reuben, m. Elizabeth BiUings 3 Ap. 1831, and had Reuben Cutler,
b. 4 Dec. 1832; Sarah Clementine, b. 4 July 1835 ; Elmira Elizabeth, b. 15 Aug.
1838; a dau., b. 1 Nov. 1847, d. 16 Nov. 1847. Reuben the f. d. 21 Nov. 1869,
a. nearly 52.
Sally, of Western (Warren), m. Robert Field, pub. 20 Feb. 1802.
Utley, James, m. Mary  , and had Elijah, b. about 1784, m. AbigaU,
dau. of Maj. Moses MandeU, 25 Sep. 1820, kept an extensive livery-stable in
Hanover Street, Boston, and d. 13 May 1824, a. 40 ; Oren, b. about 1787; prob.
Susan, b. about 1790, m. Masa Bassett 10 May 1814, and d. 17 July 1820, a.
80; prob. Hannah, b.  , m. Thoraas Gorhara of Barre 12 Dee 1811; Per
ley, a partner in business with his hrother in Boston; James, b.  1797, d.
4 June 1800, a. 3; Amasa Sessions and Mary Miller, twins, b. 3 Mar. 1800,
both d. 13 Aug. 1803. James the f. was a farraer, reraoved here from Wil-
braham 1797, and res. on the road to Enfield, about three and a half railes
frora the Coramon, at the place wrongly marked " D. Utley " on the R. Map.
He d. 15 Mar. 1812, a. 56 ; his w. Mary m. Moses Barnes of Brk., pub. 26
May 1813, and after his death returned, and d. here 13 Feb. 1843, a. 82.
2. Oren, s. of James (1), ra. Hannah Dexter ot Royalton, pub. 22 Sep. 1811 ;
she d. 19 Mar. 1829, a. 41, and he m. Susan Adaras of Brk., pub. 11 Mar. 1831.
Sorae of his chil. were Maria A., b.  1813, m. Braman B. Sibley of Enf.
81 Dee 1833, and d. at AVare 9 May 1853, a. nearly 40; James Dexter, b. about
1815, d. 2 Feb. 1818, a. 2; Louisa V., h. about 1818, ra. John L. Lewis of
Athol 25 Sep. 1843, and d. 16 Mar. 1878, a. 60; Mary, b.  1825, d. unra.
7 Dec. 1851, a. 26; Hannah E., b.  1832, d. unm. 7 Oct. 1850, a. 18;
Henry A., b.  1836, d. at Brk. 7 Sep. 1857, a. 21. Besides these, John T.,
Rebecca W., wife of Zelotes H. Spooner, George D., and James B., are men
tioned, as then living, in their father's wiU, 28 Nov. 1850. Oren the t., a
farraer, res. on the homestead, and d. 30 Nov. 1850 ; his w. Susan d. 22 Mar.
1866, a. 70.
Vokes, Robert, m. Ruth Bangs of Barre 19 July 1793, and had Charles,
b. about 1806, and prob. others.
2. Edmund, m. Salome, dau. of Eastman Bolster, 3 May 1832, and had
Harriet N., b. about 1833, m. Laban Presho, Jr., 17 Mar. 1853; a son b. 
1835, d. 11 Dec. 1839, a. 4. Salome the m. d. 10 Sep. 1858, a. 45.
3. Charles, s. ot Robert (1), ra. Jerusha, dau. of Ebenezer Perry, 29
Oet 1844, and had a son b. 7 May 1861, d. 8 May 1851; Charles Perry, b.
8 June 1856. Jerusha the m. d. 30 May 1887, a. nearly 65.
4. Charles P., s. of Charles (3), ra. Harriet S. Browning of N. Br. 4
Aug. 1878, and had Harriet, b. 12 Sep. 1879.
Waite, Richard, m. Submit Thomas of N. Br., pub. 20 June 1771, and
had Thomas, b. 10 Ap. 1772.
2. Joseph E., m. Sabra A.  , and had Frank Augustus, b. 26 Aug.
1855, d. unra. 12 Dec. 1878, at W. Brookfield.
David, ra. Bathsheba, dau. of Joshua Crowell, 23 Nov. 1769. Phineas,
of N. Br., m. Patty Anderson, pub. 20 Sep. 1801. Sylvina, dau. of David,
m. Ashbel Rice, pub. 21 June 1807. Asa J., of Athol, ra. Mary M. Richards,
pub. 9 Dec. 1851. Samuel, d. 7 Feb. 1838, a. 60. Abigail, a widow, d.
28 Dee 1866, a. 74. nr^ , ., „ n
Walker, Ebenezer, s. of PhUip of Rehoboth, m. Dorothy Abell, and
had, among others, CaZeft, b. 30 Oct 1706.
2. Caleb, s. of Ebenezer (1), m. AbigaU, dau. of Dr. Ezra Dean of
Taunton, and had Caleb, b. 14 P'eb. 1728-9, m. PUizabeth Perrin, and d. 4
Mar. 1753; Abraham, h. 1 Nov. 1731, m. Jemima Bishop, and d. 17 Nov.
1774; AbigaU, h. 11 Feb. 1733-4, ra. Jonathan Carpenter, and d. 2 Feb.
1817; Abel, b. 11 May 1736; Comfort, h. 26 May 1739, ra. Mehetabel Robin
son, and d. 14 Ap. 1815. Caleb the f. res. in Rehoboth, and d. 3 Ap. 1768,
a. 61; bis w. AbioaU was b. 10 Dee 1704, and d. 1 Jan. 1795.
3. Abel, s. of Caleb (2), m. Lois Read 14 Ap. 1763; she d. 24 Mar. 1801,
and he m. her sister, Bathsheba Read, pub. 15 Nov. 1801. His chU. were

520 WALKER — WARD.
Cyril, b. 9 Feb. 1764, d. here unm. 30 Dec. 1849; Lois, b. 18 Oct. 1766, m.
Lewis Baker of Pelh. — Feb. 1787, and d. 12 Aug. 1853; Abel, b. 27 Sep.
1770; William, b. 29 Oct 1772; AbigaU, b. 13 Aug. 1776, d. unm. at Somers,
Conn., 16 Mar. 1853; Thomas, b. 18 Nov. 1777, a printer, m. Mary Eaton of
Wore, rera. to Rome, N. Y., 1799, and was president of the Bank ot Utica,
and of a pavings bank; Huldah, b. 29 Oct. 1780, m. Daniel Sexton of
Somers 18 June 1812, d. 19 Nov. 1858. Abel thef. was a Revolutionary
soldier, and a farmer, rera. frora Rehoboth to Hardwick in 1779, res. near Gr.,
and d. 17 Feb. 1819, a. nearly 83; his w. Bathsheba d. 27 Jan. 1819, a. 73.
4. Abel, s. of Abel (3), m. Mary, dau. of Jesse Snow, 26 Jan. 1797, and
had Alvah, b. 9 Ap. 1798, ra. Vesta Whitcomb of Gr. 8 Sep. 1821, rem. to
Oswego, N. Y.; Horace, b. 12 Oct 1799, d. 2 Sep. 1803; Otis, b. 28 Dee
1800, d. 26 Aug. 1803 ; Cyril, b. 6 Dee 1802, d. 23 Aug. 1803; Mary, b. 27'
Aug. 1804; Harriet, b. 4 Nov. 1806, m. John S. Hall, 15 Sep. 1830, rera. to
Colurabus, O.; Vashti, b. 24 Sep. 1808; Abel, b. 14 Dee 1810, m. Sarah S.
Allen of Brirafield 14 Oct. 1835, rera. to Elgin, IU. Abel the f. was killed
by the fall of a rock 15 Nov. 1811; his w. Mary ra.  Crawford, and d. in
Gr. 18 P'eb. 1865, a. neariy 90.
5. William, s. of Abel (3), ra. Eunice, dau. of Cok Thoraas Powers of
Gr., pub. 4 Sep. 1804; she d. 29 May 1828, and be m. Mrs. Mercy Brown of
Warren, pub. 16 Jan. 1830. His chil were Lois Reed, b. 9 July 1805, m.
Joseph Cobb, Jr., of Boston 30 Dec. 1830; Thomas Powers, b. 7 Jan. 1807,
ra. Mary Gibbs of Gr., pub. 26 Feb. 1836 ; William, b. 9 May 1810, d. 10
May 1819; Susan, b. 8 Oct 1813, ra. Hararaond Hunt 30 Ap. 1839, and (2d)
Joshua Conkey of Rochester, N. Y., 3 Jan. 1848; James Hervey, b. 14 July
1818; Eunice Elvira, b. 1 Aug. 1820, ra. John Allen of Bel. 30 Oct. 1838.
AVilliam the f. was a farraer, lieutenant of railitia, and selectraan three
years; he res. on the turnpike near Greenwich VUlage, at the place marked
" Lt. Walker " on the R. Map, and d. 30 Jan. 1852, a. 79.
6. James H., s. of Williara (5), ra. Sarah McClintock of Ware, pub. 2
Nov. 1852, and had Fanny Priscilla, b 27 Sep. 1856; William Henry, b. 30
Nov. 1857; George Benjamin,b. 9 Sep. 1862 ; Mary Lois, b. 28 Mar. 1864;
Susan Eliza, b. 9 Sep. 1867, d. 24 May 1872. James H. the f., a farmer,
res. on the homestead, was selectman three years, and representattfe in
1882. 7. Elias, parentage not ascertained, hy w.  , had Samuel, Leonard Rob
inson, and David Higgins, all bap. (with others) 27 Oct. 1782; he ra. (2d)
Sarah, dau. of John Aiken, 27 Feb. 1772, and bad Elias, b. 25 Mar. 1773, d.
young; Sarah, h. 19 May 1775, bap. 27 Oct 1782; Susanna, b. 12 Ap. 1778,
in. Silas GuUd of Lebanon, Conn., pub. 29 Aug. 1796; Hannah, b. 23 Sep.
1780; Bathsheba, b. 9 Mar. 1783; Jerusha, b. 17 Mar. 1785; Elias, .b. 4 Sep.
1 787; Fanny, b. 17 Mar. 1790; Ruby, b. 8 Nov. 1792.
8. Arad, had Mary A., h. at Royalton 5 Aug. 1835, m. George AVarner 17
Oct. 1856, and d. 22 Nov. 1856; Janies, b. here 16 May 1839, d.ll Ap. 1840;
Sarah Josephine, b. here 9 Mar. 1845, d. 10 Ap. 1849.
Simeon, ra. Judith Goss 10 Oct. 1761. Patience, of Pet, m. SUas John
son 27 Nov. 1766. Hannah, of Pet, m. Robert Saunders, pub. 30 Aug.
1768. Hannah, m. Isaac Nye 29 Nov. 1770. Elizabeth, of N. Sal., ra.
Josiah Robinson, pub. 2 Nov. 1806. John, of Gr., ra. Elizabeth Smith 19
Feb. 1807. Mary, ot Barre, ra. Job Dexter, pub. 1 Nov. 1811. Helen C,
dau. of Adam, d, 8 June 1869, a. nearly 18.
Wallace, Edmund (otherwise written WaUis), m. Mercy  , and had
Sally, b. 15 Aug. 1783.
2. Joseph, m. Clara J. Wallace 3 Dec. 1872, and had Leroy, b. 19 Sep.
1879. ^
Nahum, d. 30 Aug. 1844, a. 64. Mary, m. Joseph Baker ot Gardner 17
Mar. 1847. Mrs. Mary A., of Barre, m. Edwin Beeman 7 Dee 1860. Car
rie, of Barre, m. Charles L. Warner, pub. 24 Jan. 1861.
AValton, Thomas, m. Betsey Haskins, pub. 19 Aug. 1810.
Ward, Albert B., m. Anna O.  , and had Charles Albert, b. 16 Oct

WARD — WARNER. 521
1869; Anna Francesca,h. 25 Feb. 1878; a dau. b. 30 Dec. 1879; Florence
M., b. 14 Oct 1881.
2. William Francis, m. Mary  , and had WiUiam Francis, b. 20
May 1873.
¦William, of Ware, m. Melinda Bassett 10 Mar. 1831. Sarah, m. Anson
Bassett 28 Nov. 1848. John, d. 4 Sep. 1866, a. 56. Nathan (b. at Athol),
d. 30 Aug. 1872, a. 84.
AA'ardwell, Stephen K., ra. Balarah (or BUlerah), dau. of Col. Thoraas
Powers of Gr., and had Elvira, b. — Feb. 1813, d. 16 Aug. 1814; Catherine
E., b. 26 Nov. 1814, m. AViUiam Edwards of Southbridge 27 Nov. 1834,
and d. 23 Jan. 1876; an infant b.  , d. 1 Dec. 1816; Lucia, twin, b. 24
July 1818, m. George F. MaxweU of PhUadelphia 9 Nov. 1840 ; Marcia,
twin, b. 24 July 1818, ra. Henry Conover of Sandusky City, O., 23 Feb.
1837; Mary, b. 4 Ap. 1821, ra. John Blair of PhUadelphia 5 Oct. 1841, and
d. at Southhridge 3 Jan. 1875. Stephen K. the f., born at Soraers, Conn.,
was a successful physician and a remarkably skilful surgeon ; in hoth capac
ities, he had an extensive practice. He rera. here in the spring of 1814, on
the death of Dr. Beckwith, and res. on the Common several years, afterwards
about three quarters of a mile northerly, on the turnpike, at the place marked
" Dr. Wardwell " on the R. Map. He d. 8 Oct. 1844, a. 55 ; his w. Balarah
d. at Southbridge 8 Dec. 1873, a. 84.
Ware, Samuel, m. Mrs. Mary Belding, 3 Nov. 1757. By a former wife
he had several children, one of whom, Jesse, was bap. here 9 Sep. 1750.
Samuel the f. res. on the east side of the river, now N. Br., and was deacon
of the N. Br. Church.
2. William, by w.  , had Mary, bap. 15 Mar. 1752.
Warner, AVilliam, came from England, and settled in Ipswich as early
as 1637. He brought with hira three chUdren : John,b. about 1616 ; Daniel ;
and Abigail, who m. Thoraas Wells, and d. in July 1671. William the f.
was living 29 Oct 1654.
2. John, s. of William (1), ra.  , who d.  , and he m. PrisciUa, dau.
of Mark Symonds, about 1655; his chU. were Samuel, b. about 1640; John,
b. about 1643, d. in Springf. 21 Jan. 1724; Mark, b. about 1646, d. in North
arapton 3 May 1738, a. 92; Nathaniel, b. about 1650, was in Brookfield 1673,
and d. in Hadley 15 Jan. 1714; Daniel, b. about 1653, d. in Ipswich 8 June
1669; Joseph, b. 15 Aug. 1657, d. 18 June 1658; Mehetabel, b. 16 Ap. 1659,
d. in Hadley 12 June 1678; Daniel, b. 16 Ap. 1661, d.  1688; Eleazar,
b. 13 Nov. 1662, d. in Hadley 8 May 1729 ; Priscilla, b. about 1664, ra. Thoraas
Curamings of Dunstable, 19 Dec. 1688. John the f. rera. from Ipswich to
Brookfierd before 1670, and was styled oneot the "principal inhabitants."
When that town was destroyed by the Indians in 1675, he retreated, with his
younger children, to Hadley, where some of his chUdren had already settled,
and where he d. soon after 17 May 1692.
3. Samuel, s. of John (2), m. Mercy Swan, in Ipswich, 21 Oct. 1662;
she d. in Dunstable 3 Ap. 1683, and he ra. Mary Swallow 4 May, 1684. His
chil. were Priscilla, b. 26 Sep. 1666, d. young; Samuel, b. 6 July 1668, settled
in Poratret, Conn.; John, b. 2 Aug. 1670, d. 14 July 1671; Dorothy, b. 2
June 1672; Sarah, b. 28 May 1674; Richard, b. 13 Aug. 1676, res. in Groton,
and d. about 1767, a. 91 (his wiU, dated 10 June 1763, was proved 15 Oct
176 7); Eleazar, b. 27 Jan. 1686; PrisciUa, b.  . AU these chU. were
prob. b. in Ipswich, except the last two, who were b. in Dunstable. Samuel
the f. res. at Brookfield (prob. without his famUy) in 1673, when he was one
ot the petitioners for the incorporation of the town, and he may have been
present when the town was destroyed in 1675; he certainly testified, 26 Mar.
1678 (describing himself as about 38 years old), that he formerly owned land
there. He was° one ot the early settlers of Dunstable, and was one of the
only fourteen proprietors resident there 30 Nov. 1682, and one ot the seven
male raerabers ot the church, at its organization 16 Dec. 1685. He bought a
farm 14 Oct 1689, in Groton, where he prob. d. about 1703.
4. Eleazar, s. of Samuel (3), m. Prudence, dau. of Thomas Barnes of

522 WARNER.
Brookfield 4 Dec. 1722, and had Mary, b. 21 Ap. 1724, m. Thomas Robin
son of Hk. 23 Nov. 1744, and d. 7 Aug. 1812; Phineas, b. 11 Oct
1726, a deacon in N. Br., m. Martha Nash ot Hatfield, pub. 29 Dee
1751, and d. 25 Mar. 1796; Patience, h. 26 Mar. 1729, m. Beriah
Hawes, pub. 16 Nov. 1760; Warham, b. 1 Nov. 1730; Eleazar, b. 26
Feb. 1733-4, a soldier in the French War, and d. in service, at P'"ort Massa
chusetts, 20 Nov. 1755; Martin, b. 2 Sep. 1735, settled at Norwich;_ Silas, b.
21 May 1737, a soldier in the French War, d. of wounds received in battle,
24 Aug. 1760 ; Samuel, b. 7 Oct. 1739, res. in N. Br., m. Unity Ware 19 Ap.
1769; Noah, b. 9 Feb. 1741-2, a soldier in the French AVar, killed in battle
 1760; Prudence, b. 14 June 1744, m. Daniel Eldridge 10 Feb. 1767.
Eleazar tbe f. devoted several years, in early life, to the service of his
country. For a brief sketch of his military career, and of his single-handed
deadly encounter with an Indian, see page 13 of this History. His martial
spirit was inherited by his sons, seven of whom served in the French AVar, —
three at the sacrifice of life. After his marriage, at the mature age of thirty-
six years, he resided first on the westerly side of the road from N. Br. to W. -
Brk., and on the southerly side ot the brook at the head of Ditch Meadow,
then in Brk., but now included in New Braintree. About 1730 he removed
to the place long known as the " Perez Cobb Farra," i on the road to Rutland,
about a mUe east of the Furnace VUlage; his farm embraced a part of the
Indian fort, or stronghold, at Winnimisset. After the settlement of Hk. he
¦was one of the raost active citizens, and one of the twelve men -who united to
form the first church; he was also selectman six years, assessor six'years, and
often moderator of the town meetings. He d. 28 Feb. 1776, a. 90; his w.
Prudence d. 25 Feb. 1770, a. 65.
5. AVarham, s. of Eleazar (4), m. Hanljah Ware, and had WiUard, b. 23
May 1759, d.  1854 ; Maribel, b. 29 Mar. 1761, d. young; Noah, b. 12
Sep. 1762, d. 20 Jan. 1859; Beriah, b. 2 Ap. 1764, d. young; Unity, b. 8 May
1766; m. Dr.  Fletcher; Lewis, b. 22 May 1768; Royal, b. 30 Ap. 1770,
d. 24 Sep. 1864 (two of his dau. d. here unra.: Alraa, d. 2 or 3 Mar. 1869, a.
59; Mary, d. 18 or 19 Jan. 1878, a. 65); Hannah, b. 3 July 1772, ra. John
Sraith 1 Sep. 1793; Justus, b. 11 June 1774, d. here 8 Dec. 1866 (his s.
Franklin S., b. in Burlington, Vt., long a Southern planter and a colonel,' d.
here 25 Dec. 1865, a. 66); Susan, b. 30 Oct 1776, ra. Thomas Paige 17 June,
1798, andd. in Compton, C. E., 8 Dee 1863; Samuel, b. 22 Aug. 1778; Sally,
b. 18 July 1781, m. Ninian Clark ot Hancock, N. H. ; Prudence, h. 27 July
1 He sold this farm to Perez Cobb 4 May whom she has been living, accompanies her
1764, and prob. res. with his son Warham, on this pilgrimage."
during the remainder of his life. Desiring to know the result of this matter,
2 Like other Southern planters, Mr. I addressed the Town Clerk, who ascertained
AVarner held slaves. AVhen he returned to for me the following particulars: Mr.
New England, about 1850, with shattered Aiken left Hardwick with "Aunt Judy"
health, he brought with him one of the April 6, 1874, and in due time she arrived
house-servants, who faithfully ministered to at her old home in Lewisville, La Fayette
his w'ants as long as he lived. The follow- Co., Arkansas. Here she found her children,
ing account, which was published in the but soon became homesick. She therefore
Barre Gazette, Ap. 3, 1874, has reference to "bought a home for her children, and re-
this subject, and is presumed to be substan- traced her steps to Hardwick, arriving there
tially correct: "Hardwick has a real only a few days after Mr. Aiken, May 24,
slave romance. 'Aunt Judie AVarner,' as 1874, taking -n-ith her a daughter and grand-
she is familiarly known, an aged negress son, expecting to have a home with Mr.
who came to Hardwick some twenty-five Aiken." He could not easily accommodate
years ago, with her helpless master, Colonel so large a family; and therefore she " kept
Frank 'VVarner, and nursed him until his house at the Old Furnace until the next
death, several years ago, when he left her autumn, and then went back with her
eight hundred dollars, is going hack to his daughter and child to Arkansas; she lived
old home in Arkansas. AVithin a few months there until the summer of 1875, when she
she has learned that her children, sold from went to Cleveland, Ohio, to the house of
her when young, and whom she has mourned a brother ot Colonel Warner, where she died
as dead, are living, and that one daughter in the autumn of 1882." Such is the conclu-
is about to be married; so she is going on sionof a "real slave romance," and the only
to the wedding. Charles P. Aiken, with one of its kind connected with the history
of Hardwick.

WARNER. 523
1784, m. Daniel Record ot Barre, and d. here 8 Ap. 1876. This family was
remarkable for longevity; at least four of the number attained raore than
ninety years of age, and several others exceeded eighty. WarhAm the f.
was a farmer, res. in N. Br., about half a mile frora Furnace Village, and d.
4 Dec. 1817, a. 87 ; his w. Plannah d. at Hancock, N. PL,  , a. 90.
6. Andre-w ^ carae frora England as early as 1632, and settled in Cara
bridge ; he rem. to Hartford about 1637, and thence to Pladley in 1669, where
he d. 18 Dec. 1684. His chil. were Andrew, m. Rebecca Fletcher, and d. in
Middletown, Conn., 26 Jan. 1681; Robert, ra. Elizabeth Grant, and (2d) Mrs.
Deliverance Rockwell; he d. in Middletown 10 Ap. 1690; Jacob, m. Rebecca
 , and (2d) Elizabeth Goodman, and d. in Hadley 29 Sept. or Nov. 1711;
Daniel; Isaac, b. about 1646, ra. Sarah Boltwood, res. in Northfield and in
Deerfield, where he d. in 1691; Ruth, livingin 1677; a dau. who ra. John (or
Daniel) Pratt; Mary, m. John Steele, and (2d) William Hills; John, res. in
Middletown. 7. Daniel, s. of Andrew (6), m. Mary  ; she d. 19 Sep. 1672, and he m.
Martha, dau. ot Robert Boltwood. His chU. were Mary, b. 24 Feb. 1663;
Sarah, b. about 1665, m. Isaac Sheldon 25 Nov. 1685; Daniel, b. about 1666;
Andrew, b. 24 June 1667; Anna, b. 17 Nov. 1669; m. Isaac Hubbard; Mary, b.
19 Sep. 1672, perhaps m. Samuel Sheldon; Hannah, b. 24 Jan. 1676, ra.
Samuel Ingram of Hatfield 14 Oct. 1696; John, b. — Ap. 1677, rera. to
Wethersfield, Conn., and d. in 1714; Abraham, b. 20 Dec. 1678; Samuel, b. 13
Ap. 1680 ; Ebenezer, b. 5 Nov. 1681 ; Mehetabel, b. 1 Oct 1683, ra. Preserved
Clapp 21 Jan. 1703; Elizabeth, b.  , ra. Thomas Wells of Haddam, Conn.,
26 Dec. 1705 ; Esther, b. 15 Dee 1686, m. Sarauel Henry 26 June 1707; Mar
tha, b. 3 Ap. 1688, d. 25 Nov. 1689; Nathaniel, b. 15 Oct. 1690. Daniel the
f. res. in Hatfield, and d. 30 Ap. 1692; his w. Martha d. 22 Sep. 1710. (Thus
far I have been guided chiefly by Judd's History of Mdley in regard to
the posterity ot Andrew Warner.)
8. Daniel, s. of Daniel (7), ra. Mary, dau. of John Hubbard, 12 Dec. 1688,
and had Mary, b. 31 Aug. 1689, d. 24 P''eb. 1692; Daniel, b. 1 Mar. 1693, res.
in Hatfield, and prob. m. Thankful BUlings, and (2d) Ehzabeth Adaras of
Suffield, Conn., 29 Dec. 1719; Mary,b. 17 Aug. 1694, m. Joseph Wait 22
Sep. 1720; Hannah, b.  1700, prob. ra. Sarauel BUlings, rem. to Hk., and
d. 5 Mar. 1767; Jonathan, b. about 1704 ; Sarah, b. 11 Oct 1707; Joseph, b.
18 Jan. 1710. Daniel the f. res. in Hatfield, but in his old age rera. to Hk.,
where sorae of his chU. had settled, and d. here 12 Mar. 1754, " in the 88'"
year of his age ; " his head-stone remains in the old burial-ground. With the
exception of"i)eae John White, he was prob. born earlier than any other
person of English descent who has ever died in Hardwick.
9. Jonathan, s. of Daniel (8), m. Bathsheba, dau. of Ichabod AUis of
Hatfield, 8 Auo-. 1733, and had Daniel, b. 22 Dee 1734; Mary, b. 23 Feb.
1736-7, m. Zurishaddai Doty 4 Dec. 1765; Bathsheba, b. 7 Oct or Nov. 1738,
d. 5 Dec. 1740; Lydia, b. 3 Nov. 1740, m. Dr. ChaUis Safford 8 Feb. 1760,
and (2d) Hon. Jonas Fay ot Bennington 20 Nov. 1777; Sarah, b. 1 Nov.
1742, ra. Thomas Wheeler 8 Sep. 1762, and (2d) Capt. Elijah Warner 30
Dec. 1807; shed, in Gr. — Dec. 1837, a. 95; Jonathan, b. 14 July 1744;
Bathsheba, b. 24 July 1746, m. Eliakim Spooner, pub. 29 July 1764, and d.
29 Jan. 1831; Lucy, b. 10 May 1748, m. Asa Hatch 23 Jan. 1766; Rhoda, b.
3 Mar. 1752, d. 16 Sep. 1753 ; Rhoda, b. 11 or 17 Nov. 1754, ra. Robert Mc
Intyre 26 Nov. 1772, and (2d) Jonathan Lynde ot Pet 26 Ap. 1778. Jona
than the f. rem. early from Hatfield to Hk., and res. a tew years in the south
west part of the town, but in 1743 bought the large farra adjoining the
Comraon, which long remained in his family. He was an energetic, thrifty
man, dealt largely in real estate, kept a store and tavern at the south end of
the Common, was selectman five years, commencing in 1738, and treasurer
1 Andrew may have been brother of both had sons John and Daniel and a
William (1), but I have discovered no similarity of names occurs among their later
proof of the fact. It is observable that posterity.

524 WARNER.
nineteen years, frora 1744 to 1762 inclusive. He d. 28 May 1763, a. 59; his
w. Bathsheba ra. John Burt of Springf. 4 June 1 765.
10. Joseph, s. of Daniel (8), m. Mary, dau. of John Hubbard ot Hatfield;
she d.  , and he ra. Mary Whipple 14 Nov. 1764 ; she d.  , and he m.
Mrs. Rebecca Spooner 12 Nov. 1781. His chil. were Elijah, b. about 1739;
prob. Stephen, b.  , who ra. Lois Goss 26 May 1768, and (2d, after his re
moval to Granby) Mrs. Damaris Church 13 Nov. 1771 ; Mary, b. 1 Nov. 1747,
perhaps ra. Timothy Moore 26 May 1768 ;l Anna, b. 2 May 1750, m. James
Paige 25 Oct. 1770; Hannah, b. 7 Oct 1752, ra. John Bradish, Jr., 4 Mar.
1773; John, b. 2 Ap. 1755; Persis, b. 22 Oct 1757; Moses, bap. 27 Ap. 1760;
Huldah, b. 12 July 1762 ; Mary, b.  1771, d. unra. in Cummington 22 Dec.
1863, a. 92. Joseph the f. rem. frora Hatfield to Hk. before 1747, was a
farmer, and res. on the road to Enfield, somewhat raore than a mile frora the
Comraon, at the place raarked " Constant Ruggles " on the R. Map. He was
captain of railitia, and led his corapany in an expedition for the relief of Fort
William Plenry, in Aug. 1757, during the French War. He was selectman
and assessor in 1770 ; but rera. and was recommended to the church in " No.
8 " (now Cumraington) 4 Sep. 1774.
11. Daniel, s. of Jonathan (9), m. Mary Wright 31 May 1758, and had
Lydia, b. 12 Aug. 1759, m. Sarauel French 23 Feb. 1776; Daniel, b. 28 July
1761 ; Jonathan, b. 13 Sep. 1763; Mary, b. 19 Oct. 1765, ra. Rev. Solomon
Aiken of Dracut, pub. 12 Oct 1788, and d. at Hardwick, Vt., 30 Oct 1820;
Justus, b. 22 May 1768 ; Alpha, b. 1 Dec. 1770, ra. Lydia Cobb 14 Jan. 1796,
settled in Plardwick, Vt, was colonel of militia and an innkeeper "for nearly
60 years ; this house was one of the most noted in Verraont, and many a trav
eller would ride a little later, or go a little farther, to get to Warner's." " He
was also a representative in the General Assembly. He rem. to Chillieothe in
1853, and d. there in Jan. 1854; Wright, b. 11 Sep. 1773; Charles Lee, b. 30
Nov. 1776 ; Betsey, bap. 23 Ap. 1780, m. Levi Whipple 21 Aug. 1803; Patience,
b. 2 Dec. 1782. Daniisl the f. was a farmer, and res. near GilbertviUe, at
the place raarked " Mr. May " on the R. Map. He was a soldier in the
French War, and afterwards captain of militia. He was a raember of the
Committee of Correspondence five years, selectraan six years, and assessor
ten years. About the year 1807 he rem. to Ohio, and d. at Putnam in the
suramer of 1823, a. nearly 89.
12. Jonathan, s. of Jonathan (9), m. Hannah, dau. of Paul Mandell 5
Feb. 1766, and had Susanna, b. 10 July 1767, ra. Capt. Artemas Howe ot N.
Br. 16 Feb. 1786, and (2d) Gov. Moses Robinson of Bennington, Vt, where
she d. 2 Ap. 1844; Bathsheba, b. 26 Mar. 1769, m. Luke Brown 8 June 1798,
and d. at Springf. about 1855 ; Hannah, b. 20 Feb. 1771, m. Pelatiah Hitch
cock 17 July 1791; Betsey, b. 26 Mar. 1773, d. 18 Aug. 1778; Joseph Warren,
b. 13 July 1776, d. 9 Aug. 1777; Fanny, b. 14 Sep. 1778, ra. John A. Parker
ot Roxbury 23 Feb. 1801; Jonathan, b. 13 June 1781 ; Harriet, b. 15 Jan.
1783, m. Alexander Holton ot Westrainster, Vt., 12 Oct 1806, and -was Uving
in 1879; Alma, b. 15 May 1786 ; Mary White, b. 7 Mar. 1787, m.  Brad
ley; Louisa, bap. 30 May 1790, ra. Eliphaz Jones ot Ent., pub. 21 Aug. 1825,
d. at Springf. 2 Mar. 1872; WiUiam Augustus, bap. 7 June 1796, grad. H. C.
1815, a lawyer ot high reputation in Boston, but d. 23 Dee 1830, at the early
age of 35. Jonathan the f. inherited the horaestead, cultivated the large
farm, and managed the affairs of the store and tavern; but a large portion of
his time was devoted to the public service. At the commencement ot the
Revolutionary contest he was lieutenant of the South Company; he was
elected captain ot that company 22 Sep. 1774, and captain also ot the com
pany of " minute-men " which was organized on that day. At the election
of regimental officers in the next October he became colonel, aud was pro-
1 There is some confusion here; the simul- as the dau. of Joseph and Mary (AVhipple)
taneous raarriage indicates that Mary, who AVarner. Perhaps Mrs. Moore d. before
m. Timothy Moore, was sister to Stephen; 1771, when the second Mary was born.
yet another Mary, b. in 1771, is described ! Vermont Hist. Magazine, i. 334.
in the record of her death as b. in Hk., and

WARNER. 525
moted to the office of brigadier-general, 18 Feb. 1776, by the General Court
On the reorganization of the miUtia, in 1781, after the adoption of the Con
stitution, he was elected major-general, to which office he was re-commissioned
3 Ap. 1786, under a new arrangement; he faithfully performed the arduous
duties of his office during the Revolutionary War and the Shays Insurrection,
and was honorably discharged, on his voluntary resignation, in Dec. 1789.
He was also actively engaged in civil affairs ; being a member of tbe Cora
mittee ot Correspondence three years, selectman three years, representative
five years, senator nine years, and a member of the Council two years. His
active and useful lite was brought to a close 7 Jan. 1803, at Craftsbury, Vt.,
whither he had gone for the transaction of business ; his w. Hannah retained
her residence at the homestead untU extrerae old age, when she entered the
family of her youngest dau. at Enf., where she d. — Auo. 1839, a. 91.
13. Elijah, s. of Joseph (10), m. Submit, dau. of John AVells, 14 Jan.
1762, she d. — — , and he m. Rachel Sarapson of Terapleton 15 May 1786;
she d. 16 May 1807, and he ra. Mrs. Sarah Wheeler (his cousin) 30 Dec.
1807. His chU. were Abel, b. 29 Ap. 1763, m. Sally Cook (at Kinos
ton) 15 Feb. 1786; David, b. 10 Mar. 1765; Elijah, b. 10 June 1767; Lijdia,
b. 18 Aug. 1769, d. young; Giles, b. 3 Dee 1771; Lydia, bap. 19 June 1774,
m. Charles Gilbert of Chester 25 Feb. 1796; Electa, hap. 15 Sep. 1776, ra.
 White, and d. at Phillipston 4 Mar. 1864; CAaWes, bap. 5 Feb. 1780;
Polly, bap. 21 July 1782, proja. d. young; Persis, b. about 1783, m. Noah Joy
of Plainfield 21 Jan. 1806, d. at Hawley 23 Oct 1863, a. 70 ; Olive, b.  ,
m. Pyam Mitchell of Curamington 27 Oct. 1807; Patty, b.  ; Rachel,
b. about 1788, ra. Joseph Robinson 2 Ap. 1811, d. 6 Oct 1863, a. 75; John
Whitcomb, bap. 2 Oct. 1791, killed at a railitary parade by an iron ramrod
shot through his head during a sham-fight, 2 Oct. 1811 (see Benjamin W.
Childs); Submit IVells, bap. 7 Dec. 1794, d. 9 Sep. 1828. P^lijah the f.
was a farmer, and res. on the road to Enf, three and a quarter railes from
the Coraraon, at the place marked " G. Warner" on the R. Map. He was
captain of raihtia, selectman six years, and d. 24 Jan. 1819, a. 80. In his
will, dated 2 Jan. 1810, he named thirteen chil. then living.
14. Jonathan, s. of Daniel (11), m. Sally, dau. ot John Paige, 25 Feb.
1789; she d. 11 June 1807, a. 38, and he m. Annis, wid. of Joel Marsh, 18
Oct. 1807. His chU. were Mary, h. 3 Dee 1789, m. WilUara Robinson 28
Nov. 1809, and d. at Barre 13 Oct 1866 ; a child b.  , d. 26 Mar. 1792, a.
6 days ; Moses MandeU, b. 30 Mar. 1793; Jonathan, b. 28 Mar. 1795, settled
in Hardwick, Vt; Lewis, b. — Jan. 1797, d. 1 Ap. 1797; Daniel, b. 2 July
1799 ; Lewis, b. 1 June 1801 ; WiUiam Augustus, b. 8 Jan. 1804; Levi Whipple,
b. 7 June 1806. (In these dates I follow the faraily record, which differs
somewhat from that of the town.) Jonathan the f. was a judicious and
thrifty farmer ; he inherited the homestead, but after his second marriage
bought the Marsh Farm, and erected a new house on the easterly road to Gil
bertville, at the place marked "'A. Warner" on the R. Map. fie was ensign
of militia, selectman three years, and d. 1 July 1831, a. about 68; hisw.
Annis d. at Springf. 17 May 1859, a. nearly 94.
16. Justus, s. of Daniel (11), m. Catherine HaU of N. Br. 29 Dec. 1791,
andhad WiUiam Augustus, b. — Nov. 1792, d. 26 Feb. 1793. Justus the f.
d. 18 May 1793, a. 25.
16. Giles, s. of Elijah (13), m. Betsey Sampson 4 May 1809; she d. 18
Jan. 1823, a. 49, and he ra. Mary Staples of Pres., pub. 12 Ap. 1824. His
chU. were Rachel, b. 14 May 1811, ra. Loring Gilbert of Ware 5 May 1831 ;
a child b.  , d. 4 Sep. 1813, a. one month; Mary Abigail, b. 7 Feb. 1825,
m. Charles Hathaway 24 Ap. 1845, and d. 28 Nov. 1847; Betsey Sampson, b.
3 Mar. 1827, d. 11 Sep. 1828 ; Francis Giles, h. 13 Ap. 1829 ; Caroline Maria,
h. 9 Nov. 1832, ra. West Paige 13 Dec. 1848, and (2d) Henry I>aige of Prov
idence 22 Aug. 1869; George Elias, b. 29 May 1834, a conductor on the Ware
River Railroad; James Loring, b. 16 Feb. 1837, d. 18 Feb. 1874. Giles the
f. was a farmer, and inherited the homestead,. He d. 20 Nov. 1847, a. 76;
his w. Mary d. 28 Nov. 1862, a. 66.

626 WARNER.
17. Moses Mandell, s. of Jonathan (14), m. Orrel Smith of Palmer, pub.
30 Dec. 1816, and had Sarah Ann, b. 15 Feb. 1818, d. in Dixon, IU., 18 Feb.
1853; Henry S., b. 27 July 1819, res. in Steriing, IU.; Clarissa S., b. 2 Aug.
1821; Moses M., b. 1 Mar. 1824, res. in Steriing; Orrel M., b. 22 Ap. 1826 ;
Mary L., b. 1 Ap. 1828, d. 4 Oct 1830; Mary L., b. 16 June 1830 ; Delphia
M., b. 20 June 1832, m. Calvin W. Mann 2 Ap. 1866 ; George P., b. 22 July
1834. Moses M. the f. was a farraer, and res. on the road between the roads
to Gilbertville and to Ware, nearly two miles trom the Common, at the place
raarked "Mr. AA'arner " on the R. Map. In 1838 he rera. to Steriing, IU.,
and d. in Lyndon, III., 31 ,Tan. 1876, a. nearly 83 ; his w. Orrel survived, and
res. with her sons at Sterling.
18. Daniel, s. ot Jonathan (14), m. Nancy, dau. of Deac. Henry Fish, 29
May 1821, and had Henry Fish, b. 28 Feb. 1822, d. unm. 22 Sep. 1868; twins,
b. and d. in 1825; Elizabeth Ann, b. 6 Sep. 1826, d. unm. 19 Nov. 1860;
George, b. 14 Ap. 1830; Lucy Jane, b. 15 June 1835, m. Sarauel A. Howe of
Barre 8 Jan. 1859. Daniel the f. was a farmer, and res. near the central
bridge over AVare River, at the place marked " D. Warner " on the R. Map;
he afterwards bought the estate on tbe easterly road to Gilbertville, nearly
two railes from the Common, raarked " Mr. Bolster " on the R. Map. He d.
23 Sep. 1876, a. 77; his w. Nancy d. 2 Feb. 1775, a. 77.
19. Lewis, s. of Jonathan (14), m. Vironia, dau. of John Anderson of
N. Br., pub. 2 Ap. 1827 ; she d. 6 July 1853, a. 47, and he m. Susan Weeks
ot Oakham, pub. 21 June 1856. His chil. were Jonathan, b. 26 Jan. 1828;
Charles L., b. 27 June 1831; Susan A., b. 4 Mar. 1834. Lewis the f. was a
farmer, and after a temporary absence ret. to Hk., and res. near " Taylor's
Mills," at the place marked " Dea. Amidon " on the R. Map. He d. 11 Sep.
1875, a. 74.
20. William Augustus, s. of Jonathan (14), m. Elizabeth F., dau. of
Silas Billings, 24 May 1832, and had Harriet Elizabeth, b. 7 July 1834, m.
Harmon C. Spooner 16 Jan. 1862; WiUiam Augustus, b. 15 Ap. 1837; Silas
Franklin, b. 21 July 1843, d. 21 Nov. 1846; Mary Ann, b. 28 July 1846, m.
Henry G. Towne 1 Jan. 1872; Julia Maria, b. 11 Jan. 1851. AA'illiam
Augustus the t. inherited the homestead, and was accounted one ot the best
farraers in the town. He d. 30 Aug. 1878, a. 74; his w. Elizabeth P'. d. 11
May 1878, a. 65.
21. Levi Whipple, s. of Jonathan (14), m. Luthera, dau. of Ezra Clark,
10 Ap. 1832, and had WUliam B., b. 10 Dec. 1832, d. 1 Jan. 1833 ; Caroline
Maria, b. 12 Oct. 1835, m. Eleazar Damon of Ware 2 Aug. 1854; Emeline
Frances, b. 3 Aug. 1837. Levi Whipple the f., a farmer, d. 28 July 1844, a.
38; his w. Luthera m. William E. Bassett 26 Dec. 1861.
22. Francis G., s. of Giles (16), m. Louisa Sturtevant, pub. 20 Dec. 1861,
and had Clarence Alfred, b. 26 Ap. 1852, d. 28 Ap. 1873 ; Mary Louisa, b. 9
July 1861. P^RANCis G. the f. was a farmer, inherited the homestead, and d.
12 Sep. 1863, a. 34.
23. George, s. of Daniel (18), m. Mary A. Walker 17 Oct 1855; she d.
24 Nov. 1856, a. 21, and he m. Harriet, dau. of John Wheeler, 21 Oct 1858.
His chil. were Mary Elizabeth, b. 22 Sep. 1856 ; Sarah Esther, b. 16 Dec.
1859, d. 31 Dec. 1869; George Franklin, b. 11 June 1862, d. 25 Jan. 1863;
Hattie Sophia, b. 6 Nov. 1865; George Daniel, b. 5 Nov. 1867. George the
t., a farmer, inherited the homestead; he was assessor seven years, and has
been selectman from 1876 to the present time.
24. Charles L., s. of Lewis (19), ra. Caroline Wallace of Barre, pub. 24
Jan. 1861, and had Lewis, b. 13 Sep. 1865. Charles L. the f., a farraer and
deacon, res. on the easterly road to Gilbertville, at the place raarked " Dea.
Fish " on the R. Map.
25. William Augustus, s. of William Augustus (20), ra. Caroline A. Sib
ley 15 Nov. 1860, and had WUliam Paige, b. 6 Feb. 1871, d. 2 July 1872.
William Augustus the f., a farraer, has been deacon of the church, and
meraber of the school committee many years ; also a member of the Massa
chusetts Board of Agriculture.

W ARNER — WASHBURN. 527
26. Dwight, b. in Prescott, ra. Mehetabel Knapp of Pet, pub. 7 Sep. 1852,
and d. 7 May 1857, a. 46. By a former wife he had Emeline L., b. about
1836, m. Jonas H. Allen of Wore. 3 Feb. 1858; Livia A., b. about 1847, m.
Henry G. Hutchinson ot Wore 6 Dec. 1865.
27 Walter W., m. R. Alice Cleveland, pub. 2 Dec. 1852, and had a son
b. 6 Aug. 1868.
28. Moses, m. Lucy  , and had Joseph, b. 7 Ap. 1864.
Samuel, of Springf., m. Clarissa Richards 11 July 1820. Eli, of N Br
m. Lucia A. Cleveland 1 Ap. 1845. Sarah A., of N. Br., ra. PhUip Araidon,
pub. 14 Nov. 1848. Emerson, of N. Br., m. L. Angehne Cleveland, pub. 18
Jan. 1851. John, d. 5 May 1844, a. 64. Oilman E., a soldier in the Union
Army, d. at Plickman Bridge 22 Sep. 1863, a. 23.
Warren, Benjamin, ra. Mary Maccoye 29 May 1744, and had Benjamin,
b. 9 Sep. 1745 ; Asahel, b. 2 Nov. 1748. Benjamin the f. was a tailor, and d.
19 Sep. 1750; his w. Mary m. Benjamin Stearns of Rut 12 Nov. 1753.
2. Asahel, s. of Benjamin (1), m. Margaret  , and had John, b. 6 July
1772; Lovisa, h. 30 Sep. 1773 ; David, b. 7 Oct 1775.
3. Da\id, ra. Anna Boolen 17 Feb. 1791, and had David, b. 9 Oct. 1791;
Anna, b. 5 Ap. 1 793.
4. Isaac, m. Mercy, dau. of Daniel Thomas, 19 Oct. 1800, and had Min
erva, b. 6 July 1801 ; Anson, h. 20 Sep. 1802 ; Cyrus, b.  1804; William,
b. 1 Nov. 1805, d. 8 Sep. 1814; Lucinda, b. 25 Feb. 1807; Mary, h. 29 Mar.
1809 ; Henry, b. 9 Mar. 1812; Maria Emeline, b. 4 July 1814. Isaac tbe f.
was a worthy mechanic, and res. near GilbertvUle, but rem. to Weathersfield,
Vt, about 1817.
Washburn, Joseph, b. in Bridgewater, m. Plannah Johnson, and had
Seth, b.  1723; Elijah, b.  ; Ebenezer, b.  1734; Abiah, b.  ,
m. Jacob AVicker  1747 ; Sarah, b.  , m. Joseph Cerley; Mary, b.  ,
m-  Clough of Stafford, Conn. Joseph the t. rem. from Bridgewater to
Middletown, Conn., and thence to Leicester before 1746. He d. in 1759 ; his
w. Hannah d. in 1780, a. 87. See Washburn's Hist, of Leicester, pp. 41-2, 413.
2. Joseph, s. ot Josiah, and a kinsman ot Joseph (1), was b. in Bridge-
water, 1705, ra. Deliverance Orcutt, and had Josepli,b.  1729; Jeremiah,
b.  1731; Hannah, b.  1733, m. Deac. Seth Pratt  1752; Joanna,
b.  1736, m. Solomon Leonard, Jr. ; Sylvanus, b.  1738; Eliab, b. 
1740; EUphalet, b.  1742; Martha, b.  1744, ra. Elijah Edson 
1766, and rem. to N. Br. Joseph the f. was a captain, res. at Bridgew., and
d.  1766 ; his w. DeUverance m.  Packard, and d.  1790, a. 88.
See Mitchell's Hist, of Bridgewater, p. 326.
3. Ebenezer, s. ot Joseph (1), m. Dorothy Newhall, and had Artemas, b. 16
Oct. 1767, a raember ot the senior class in Harvard College, d. of sraall-pox at
Lancaster, in Dr. Atberton's Hospital, 23 Sep. 1792; Dolly, b. 31 Jan. 1770,
d. unra. 28 Ap. 1835 ; Ebenezer, h. 25 Oct 1772, a clergyman, d. at Racine, Wis.,
29 Dec. 1857 ; Cyrus, b. 6 Nov. 1774; Clarissa, b. 26 May 1777, ra. Thomas Eg
ery 28 Ap. 1796 ;Hannah,b. 20 Oct 1779, d. 15 Dee 1781; he had also <SMsanna,
b.  , d. 12 Aug. 1771. Ebenezer the f. taught school in Leicester several
years, and after his reraoval to Hk. was engaged in the sarae occupation ; he was
generally known as "Master Washburn." He was also tbe village poet, and
raany of his rhymes may be read on the head-stones in the old burial-ground.
He was lieutenant of the famous company of " minute-raen " which responded
to the Lexington alarm in Ap. 1775, and was afterwards quartermaster in the
army. He d. 24 Jan. 1795, a. 60 ; his w. Dorothy d. 29 Oct 1807, a. 67.
4. Joseph, s. of Joseph (2), m. Mary Washburn, and had Levi, b. 
1757; Lavinia, b.  1763; Mary, b.  1764, aU b. at Bridgewater; he
rem. thence to Hk., and res. not far from the Furnace, in which he seeras to
have had some interest.
5. Sylvanus, =. of Joseph (2), ni. Melicent Richards 7 Mar. 1765, and
had a child b.  , d. here 9 Nov. 1769 ; Sylvanus, b. 1 June 1773 ; Stephen,
b. 28 Nov. 1774; Melicent, b. 10 May 1778, d. 14 Oct 1778. Sylvanus the
f., a housewright, rem. from Bridgewater to Hk. as early as 1769, was town

528 WASHBURN — WEAVER.
clerk ten years, from 1778 to 1787, and assessor for the same years, except
1781. He was a raan of more than ordinary intelligence, and many anecdotes
of his shrewd sayings were current half a century ago. His record ot the an
nual town-meeting in March 1787 is characteristic: "The Town raet and pro
ceeded as tollows, viz. (1) Chose Gen. Jonathan Warner Moderator, and then
after quarrelling the reraainder of the day, voted to adjourn the meetino to
Monday the second day of April next at nine o'clock in the raorning." Brief,
distinct, and doubtless strictly true, as this raeeting occurred when the Shays
excitement was at fever heat. At the adjourned meeting Mr. Washburn was
reelected clerk and assessor, but resigned both offices and removed to Barnard,
Vt. The vacancies were filled 2 July 1787.
6. Eliphalet, s. of Joseph (2), ra. Anna, dau. ot Caleb Benjamin, 19 Sep.
1769, and had Naomi, b. 24 Oct 1770, ra. Silas Newton 9 Ap. 1789; Elipha
let, b. 16 Aug. 1772, d. 2 Feb. 1796; Luther, b. 18 July 1774, ra. Kate Cutter of
Lancaster 25 Mar. 1799, rem. to Lanesboro' and thence to Pittsfield; "he
was an able lawyer and a prominent citizen ; " ^ he d.  1838; Rufus, b. 12
May 1776; Calvin, b. 15 May 1778; Anna, b. 21 May 1780, m. Benjamin W.
Childs 25 Nov. 1798 ; Triphena, b. 12 May 1782, prob. d. young; Cynthia, b.
22 June 1784, ra. Isaac Thomas 27 Nov. 1805; Delphia, b. 12 June 1787; Reuel,
b. 22 June 1789, ra. Mrs. Sophia Moody 13 Jan. 1817, inherited the horae
stead, but rem. to Ware, where he d. 22 Dec. 1869, a. 80; Juliana, b. 8 Oct.
1791. Eliphalet the f. was a farraer, and res. on the road to Ware, three
railes from the Common, at the place marked " T. Newcomb " on the R. Map.
He d. 14 Dec. 1816, a. 74 ; his w. Anna d. 16 Oct 1814, a. 68.
7. Cyrus, s. of Ebenezer (3), ra. Electa Stratton of Vernon, Vt. ; she d. 26
Jan. 1806, and he ra. Rhoda P'ield of Northfield 19 Aug. 1806; she d., and he
ra. Lucy, dau. ot Timothy Hathaway, pub. 24 Sep. 1827. His chil. b. here
were Cyrus,b. 12 Nov. 1800, d. 28 Mar. 1802; Electa, bap. 6 Mar. 1803, d. 9
Mar. 1803. After his removal he had Albert Alden, b.  , res. in Vernon,
Vt.; Roxana Stratton, b.  , m. N. F. Bryant, Esq.; Clarasa, b.  , d. unm.
at A^ernon  1878. Cyrus the f. taught school and afterwards practised
medicine here, residing at the north end ot the Comraon, near the spot marked
" P. Hammond " on the R. Map. " He rem. to Vernon, Vt., 1803, was pres
ident of tbe Vt. Med. Society several years, town clerk and superintendent ot
schools more than twenty years ; " ^ be wasjustice of the peace from 1806, and
probably married more couples than any other person in Vermont. He d. at
Vernon 2 Mar. 1860, a. 85.
8. Philip, prob. s. ot AA'illiam of Bridgewater, b. 1743, ra. Sarah, dau. of
Nathan Carpenter, 8 Jan. 1767, and had Hepzibah, b. 23 Aug. 1768; Marvel,
b. 17 Dec. 1770.
9. Rufus, s. of EUphalet (6), m. Thankful Cutter of Lancaster 25 Mar.
1799, and bad Nancy C, b. 7 Mar. 1801 ; Lorenzo C, b. 3 Ap. 1806 ; Lionel W.,
b. 18 June 1808; Catherine, b. 10 June 1810.
Elisha and faraily, and William and family, came here from Bridgewater
in 1770. Elijah, m. Mary AA'inchester 1 Jan. 1778. Azubah, of Stafford,
m. Silas Dean, Jr., pub. 23 Feb. 1783. Lydia, m. Israel Cumraings, pub. 4
Sep. 1785. Rufus, Jr., ot Johnstown, N. Y., m. Laura L. Knowles 21 Feb.
1837. Elizabeth, widow of Robert, d. 12 Sep. 1847, a. 91.
AVatkins, Darius, ra. Rebecca Weeks ot Ware, pub. 8 Nov. 1760, and
had Rhoda, b. 5 Nov. 1761 ; Bethia, b. 15 Aug. 1762 ; Stephen, b. 18 July 1765,
rem. to Wendell; Darius, b. 10 Sep. 1767, prob. m. Cilda Thayer of Dana,
pub. 3 Sep. 1812 ; David, b. 2 June 1769, ra. Polly  , who d. 5 Dec. 1795,
and he m. Hannah Garfield of Carabridge 30 May 1 798.
2. George L., ra. Christina Bonney 11 Mar. 1868, and had Julia Jeanette,
b. 30 Aug. 1867; Nellie, b. — May 1872, d. 3 Nov. 1873.
AVatson, Thankful, of N. Br., m. Paul Eager, pub. 22 Oct. 1797. Su
key, m. Royal Dennis 6 Oct 1802. Lucinda, of the Gore, d. 2 Oct. 1804, a.
neariy 17.
Weaver, Benjamin F., ra. Sarah H. RusseU ot Ware, pub. 22 Oct 1827;
1 Hist, of Pittsfield, ii. 439. 2 Spi-ingfield Republican, 1860.

WEAVER — WEEKS. 629
she d. 14 Ap. 1854, a. 45, and he m. Mary Ann Wellman, pub. 12 Sep. 1854.
He had Sandford, b. 18 July 1850, d. 14 Mar. 1870; Hannah G., b.  1835,
m.  AVhitman, and d. at Athol 9 May 1880, a. 45. He was perhaps father
also of ffeorjre 7il,, b. about 1830, m. Caroline S.Peyton 1 Feb. 1864; Sarah
Ann, h. about 1832, in. AVilliam A. Thayer, 9 May 1850; Dwight J, b.  ,
m. Mary S. Bassett of AVare, pub. 8 Jlar. 1853; Mary E., h. ¦  -, in. Georoe
A. Streeter ot Southbridge, pub. 8 Mar. 1853. Benjamin F. the f. d. 16
Mar. 1862, a. 61.
Hannah, d. 3 Dee 1851, a. 87.
Webb, John, m. Priscilla, dau. of Thoraas Winslow of Harwich, 12 Dec.
1773; she d. in chUd-bed 28 Mar. 1785, a. 28, and he m. Lydia Thomas
27 Ap. 1786; she d. 20 Dec. 1801, a. 46, and he m. Lydia Forbes of Barre,
pub. 25 Nov. 1804. His chil. were John, b. at Barnstable 18 Feb. 1775, d.,
unra., at sea about 1805; George Washington, b. here 29 Sep. 1776; Winslow,
b. 4 June 1778, m. Betsey Means of Freeport, Me., and d. at Turner, Me., in
June 1843; EUsha, b. 14 Sep. 1780, unm., drowned at sea 24 Sep. 1805; Bet
sey, h. 5 Dec. 178-2, ra. Ezra Clark 17 Nov. 1803, and (2d) Capt Benjamin
Paige 6 June 1819, and d. 16 Mar. 1856; .Joshua, b. 18 Mar. 1785, ra. Betsey
Lane at Freeport Me., 7 May 1806; Priscilla, b. 16 Feb. 1787, m. Noah Beach
8 Jan. 1806; Jonathan, b. 2d July 1791; a child b. 19 Nov. 1793, d. 23 Nov.
1793; a chUd b. — Feb. 1795, d. 6 Mar. 1795. John the f. was born in
Barnstable, rem. to Hk. about 1776, res. in the westerly part of the town, and
d. 6 Aug. 1828, a. 82; his w. Lydia d. 4 Dec. 1820, a. 64, or 66.
2. George Washington, s. of John (1), ra. Patience, dau. of Isaac Clark,
16 Oct. 1803, and had in Hk. Eliza, b. 16 Mar. 1805, ra. Walter Koss 5 Ap.
1824; George Washington,b. 27 Sep. 1808, ra. Achsah Holden ot Shrewsbury,
Vt., — Dec. 1833; John, b. 15 Nov. 1810, ra. Mrs. Mary G. Brown; Sarah
Ann, b. 15 Ap. 1813, ra. Reuben Holden of Shrewsbury, Vt., — Mar. 1839 ;
Isaac Clark, b. 27 Sep. 1816, m. Elizabeth K. Fulkerson 2 Aug. 1843, rera. to
Galesburg, III.; and at Shrewsbury, Lorenzo Dow, b. 21 Jan. 1818, ra. Saloam
M. Fish 21 Jan. 1848, res. at Milwaukee, Wis.; Elbridge Gerry, b. 19 Ap.
1820, ra. Ann S. Bougbton ^ Sep. 1845, and d. 3 Nov. 1864; Luthera Clark,
b. 14 Nov. 1822, ra. Francis B. Gibson — Mar. 1843. George W. the t. was
a farmer, and rem. with his family to Shrewsbury, Vt., about 1817, where he
d. 23 Mar. 1861; his w. Patience d. 8 Mar. 1857. (Thus far, I have gleaned
several names and dates trom the Winslow Memorial, pp. 302-314.)
3. Jonathan, s. of John (1), ra. Mary, dau. ot David Paige 14 June 1819.
He was a school-teacher and captain ot railitia. He rera. early and res. in two
or three of the adjoining towns. I have not seen his faraily record; but some
of his children were Charles, b.  ; Mary P., b.  , in. Loring F. Wood
of N. Br., pub. 5 Sep. 1839, res. in Barre; Charlotte, b.  1823, d. 29 Mar.
1828, a. 4 years and 5 months; John, b.  , res. in New York city; Elisha,
b.  , res. in Petershara; Charlotte A., b. about 1829, d. 11 Mar. 1831, a. 2;
Thomas, b.  , res. in N. Br.; Jonathan T., b. 30 July 1834, d. 21 July 1836.
Jonathan the f. d. 23 Ap. 1871 ; his w. Mary d. 2 Aug. 1869, a. 69.
Webster, Elizabeth, ra. John Hunt, Jr., 23 Dee 1772. Sarah, m.
Aaron Hudson 3 Nov. 1777. Betsey, m. Moses Doty 20 Sep. 1781.
Weeks, Tho.mas, m. Catherine Clark of Rochester 3 Ap. 1743, andhad
Nathaniel, b. 8 Oct. 1744; Joseph, b. 6 Jan. 1746-7; Susanna, b. 7 Ap. 1749,
m. Silas Robinson of Bennington 2 Oct. 1766; Mart/, b. 31 Aug. 1761, m. John
Giffin 7 Sep. 1769; David, h. 17 Jan. 1754; Elizabeth, bap. 9 May 1756, ra.
Benjamin Holmes ot Bennington 10 Feb. 1780; John, bap. 11 Mar. 1769; Shiv
erick, bap. 5 July 1767. Thomas the f. is supposed to have been a descend
ant from George of Dorchester, who was there in 1640, and had sons Ammiel,
Williara, and Joseph. He served in the French AVar 1757. He rera. from
Hk. to Bennington, and d. there in August 1804, a. 84 ; his w. Catherine d. 14
Oct. 1818, lacking three days of 96 years, though by a common mistake the
head- stone bears 97 as the age. _
2. Joseph, s. of Thomas (1), ra. Hannah, dau. of Capt. Benjarain WUlis,
10 May 1776; she d. 30 Jan. 1798, a. 49, and he m. Elizabeth  ; she d.
34

530 WEEKS — WELLS.
and he m. Rebecca  , who d. 3 May 1835, a. 75. Some of his chil. were
Lemuel, b. 30 Nov. 1777; David, b.  1800; Shiverick, b.  1801; a
child b. — Feb. 1806, d. 10 Mar. 1805. Joseph the f., a Revolutionary sol
dier, res. some years on the road to Ware, about a mile from the Common.
In his old age be prob. rem. to Hardwick, Vt., and d. 11 Dec. 1836, a. 90.
3. David, s. of Thomas (1), m. Elizabeth Robinson 22 May 1783, rem. to
Bennington, Vt, and there had David, b. 24 Nov. 1798, ra. Harriet L. Web
ster ; Samuel, b. 12 Ap. 1800, m. Ruth Dewey ; and prob. others. David the
f. was a soldier in the Revolution, while residing here, and d. at Bennington
4 Oct. 1836, a. 82 (83 on head-stone) ; his w. Elizabeth d. 2 Ap. 1822, a. 55.
4. Lemuel, s. of Joseph (2), m. Fanny, dau. of Capt. John Wheeler, 27
Dec. 1801, and had SaUij, b.  1804, d. 13 Dee 1809, a. 5 ; an infant, b.
 , d. 30 June 1807. Lemuel the f. rem. to Hardwick, Vt, but both his
children d. here ; his w. Fanny also d. here (prob. in child-bed) 8 July 1807,
a. 25. He then m. Mary  , who survived him and d. 1 Feb. 1855, a. 80, at
Hardwick, Vt, where he also d. 30 July 1853, a. 76.
5. David, s. ot Joseph (2), ra. Anstiss Manly of Ent. 6 Mar. 1827, and had
Anna, b.  1828, d. unra. 2 June 1875, a. 47 ; Henry, b.  ; Francis P.,
b. about 1834. David tbe t. d. 25 July 1838, a. 38 ; his w. Anstiss d. 20 Ap.
1874, a. 66.
6. Shiverick, s. of Joseph (2), ra. Celia W. Hathaway 26 Nov. 1821, and
had Amelia, b. — Jan. 1826, m.  Mixer, and d. at Ware 27 Feb. 1867, a.
32; a son b.  1836, d. 19 July 1838, a. 2. Shiverick the f rera. early
to AVare, and d. 7 Sep. 1873, a. 72.
7. Francis P., s. of David (6), m. Julia Ann, widow of Constantine Smith,
and dau. ot Jonas H. Thayer, 26 June 1872, and had WUliam F., b. — Ap.
1874, d. 24 Oct. 1874, a. 6 months. His w. JuUa Ann d. in child-bed 4 May
1874, a. 34.
8. Ammiel, parentaoe not ascertained, bad w. Susanna, who d., and he ra.
Sarah, widow of  Mandell, 26 P'eb. 1778. He had Artemas, b. 9 Nov.
1769; Rulh, h. 13 Oct 1773. Ammiel the f. rera. to Leverett before 13 June
1783. He had served his country in the carapaign of 1776.
9. Holland, parentage not ascertained, ra. Mary Peirce, pub. 2 Feb. 1772,
and had Ebenezer, b. 30 Dec. 1772; Mary Warner, b. 9 Aug. 1774; Hannah,
b. 15 Mar. 1776, ni. Silas Marsh ot Westborough 18 Ap. 1802.
10. Judah, ra. Mary Clark of New Stratford, pub. 4 Dec. 1780, and rem.
to Bennington, where he had Ira, b. 28 Sep. 1781; Polly, h. 11 Ap. 1783;
Judah, b. 12 Ap. 1785 ; John Clark, b. 19 Oct 1787; Eunice, h. 7 Nov. 1791.
11. David, ra. Abigail Bond, and had Rich, b. 20 Oct 1799. In the His
tory of Pawlet, Vt., p. 263, it is said that ''David Weeks from Hardwick,
Mass., 1801, settled south ot the village, and conducted the tanning business
over fifty years ; married Abigail Bond, aud had Elijah, Salmon, Rich, Seth B.,
Matilda, Abigail, Eliza, and Nancy."
12. Samuel, " frora Hardwick, Mass., 1801, settled on the present horae
stead ot Arthur Goodspead, and raised nine children : Wheeler, John, Curtis,
Hiram, Safford, Harvey R., William P., Cyrus, and Sarah." Hist. Pawlet, p. 254.
(The two last-named were probably brothers ; but the records fail to show
their relationship, or that of Ammiel, Holland, and Judah, to Thomas 1.)
Margaret, w. of Nathaniel, adm. to the church 13 Nov. 1744. Content,
prob. sister to Thoraas (1), ra. Isaac Clark 29 Oct 1742. Rebecca, of AVare,
ra. Darius Watkins, pub. 8 Nov. 1760. Nathan, m. Polly Lawton 12 Ap.
1807. Triphena, m. Solomon W. Ruggles 1 Ap. 1827. Susan, of Oak
hara, ra. Lewis Warner, pub. 21 June 1856. AVilliam A. F., ot Oakham, m.
Sarah A. Sears, pub. 20 Sep. 1859.
AVells, John, s. of John and Rachel (Marsh) Wells of Hatfield, m. Martha,
dau. of Ichabod AUis, and had John, b. 14 Mar. 1729; Martha, b. 12 June
1731, ra. Elisha Waite; Mary, b. 26 Feb. 1734, in. Jonathan Farr 5 June
1761; Lucy,b. 7 Mar. 1 736, prob. d. young ; Lydia, b. 16 Aug. 1738, m. Nathan
Billings 24 Feb. 1767; Submit, b. 3 May 1742, m. Elijah Warner 14 Jan. 1762;
Elijah, b. 1 Ap. 1744. All these births are recorded here; but the first two

WELLS — WHEELER. 531
prob. occurred in Hatfield. John the f. came here early, and seeras to have
res. first at GilbertvUle, where he had a grist-mill, and afterwards near Enfield.
He -was the first treasurer of the town, and held that office four years, 1737-
1740; he was also selectman four years, 1738-1741. Pie d. not lono before 16
Feb. 1745-6, at which date his inventory was presented; his w.lMartha m.
Capt Nathaniel Plammond ot Swanzey, N. H., 6 Aug. 1747; he d. here, and
she ra. Nathaniel Kellogg of Hadley 19 July 1758, and d. 13 Sep. 1764, a. 61.
2. John, s. of John (1), m. Kezia P\ai-r 14 Dec. 1748, and had John, b. 27
Sep. 1749; Lucy, hap. 8 Mar. 1752; Kezia, bap. 9 June 1754; Joshua, bap. 3
Oct 1756; Oliver, bap. 25 Mar. 1759 ; Susanna, bap. 2 Aug. 1761. John the
f. prob. rem. to AVare about 1752, but his chil. b. afterwards were bap. here.
Wesson, AA'illiam Brigham, m. Azuba Maria Graves of Athol, pub. 11
Oct 1807, and had Maria Loraine, b. 19 Nov. 1810, ra. Moses F. Dickinson 27
Sep. 1831 ; William Cutler, b. 23 Dee 1814; Theresa Rivers, b. 8 Ap. 1816, d.
7 May 1816 ; WiUiam Brigham, b. 21 Mar. 1820, rem. early, and res. at Detroit;
Ezekiel Lysander Bascom, b. 5 Sep. 1823; Alice Graves, b. 14 Aug. 1827, d.
 1827. William B. the f., ». of WUliam, was born in Hopkinton 29 May
1777, but rem. early with his parents to Athol; he grad. W. C. 1802, was
ordained pastor ot the first church in Hk. 30 Oct 1806, and was disraissed, at
his own request, 30 June 1824. He continued to reside here, at the place
marked " Mr. Wesson " on the R. Map, being engaged for sorae tirae in mer
cantile business, until 9 May 1836, when he died, a. nearly 69; his w. Azuba
Maria d. 13 Aug. 1863, a. about 79.
2. William Cutler, s. of William B. (1), ra. EUzabeth Jones of Gr. 14
June 1840, and had Maria E., h. 29 Mar. 1841, m. John D. Morton of Boston
7 Oct. 1862; Sarah A., b. 6 Mar. 1846, m. George M. Wolcott of Holyoke 5
Nov. 1868. William C. the f., a farmer, and tor many years proprietor and
driver of a mail-coach between Hk. and W. Brk., res. on the homestead.
3. Ezekiel L. B., s. of Williara B. (1), ra. Martha S. Dow, and had Edwin
L., b. 14 Aug. 1852, m. Nellie Dow 23 Sep. 1880; George McCleUan, h. 13
Oct. 1861; Almon Frank, b. 4 Ap. 1864; William Pliny, b. 21 May 1868;
Ellen M., b. 31 Oct 1870 ; Elizabeth, b. 12 .Oct 1872. Ezekiel L. B. the f.,
a farmer and provision dealer, res. near the homestead, at the place marked
"Mr. Tupper " on the R. Map.
Weston Abner, m. Sally, dau. ot Samuel Thurston, 17 Oct 1788, and had
Samuel, h.'  1789, bap. 2 July 1797, a shoemaker and musician, d. 20 Aug.
1838; John Wheeler, b.  , bap. 2 July 1797, res. in Barre. Abner the t.
rem. to Barre, and prob. d. before 1814; his w. Sally d. 13 Mar. 1836, a. 63.
Wetherbee, Sampson, ra. Hannah  , and had Jonathan, b. 7 Jan. 1749;
Hannah, b. 2 May 1751.
2. Calvin, ra. Betsey, prob. wid. of John Rice and dau. of Benjarain Rug
gles, and had Benjamin Ruggles, b. 24 June 1823; John Stillman, b. 1 June
1825, ra. Martha M. Nims ot Keene, N. IL, pub. 27 Dee 1851, and d. 31 Mar.
1854; Samuel, b. 1 7 June 1827, ra. Luthera Johnson 27 Dec. 1849 ; Adin Plum
mer, b. 24 Aug. 1830. Calvin the f. d. 16 Ap. 1839, a. 36; his w. Betsey m.
Benjamin Skinner 19 Jan. 1861.
3. BexVIAmin R., s. of Calvin (2), ra. AbigaU S. Richards, pub. 3 Feb. 1850,
and had Augustus Eugene, b. 23 Jan. 1851.
Hannah, of Pet, m. James Wing 11 Ap. 1799. Mrs. Lydia, m. Barnabas
Rich of Ent, pub. 26 Nov. 1827. Varnum, m. Betsey R. Rice 14 Nov. 1831.
Phineas, d. 21 Ap. 1822, a. 52. Gilbert, d.  Aug. 1825, a. 21. Mrs.
Wetherbee, perhaps w. ot Gilbert, d. 26 Aug. 1826, a. 20.
Wetherell, John B., m. Parnell  , and had Laura Gertrude, b. 25
Aug. 1847, m. Clarence E. Hitchcock of Springf. 23 May 1872; Charlotte Eliza
beth, b. 13 .Jan. 1849, ra. Charles W. AVood ot Wore 13 June 1872; John Her
vey, b. 10 Sep. 1854.
LuciNBA, ra. Samuel Cook, Jr., of Pet, pub. 30 Ap. 1825.
Wheeler, Thomas, rem. from Acton to Worcester about 1739, was elected,
in 1748, deacon ot the first church, and reraained in Wore untU about 1764,
when he rem. to Hardwick, was adm. to the church 8 Nov. 1764, and d. here

532 WHEELER.
81 Jan. 1769, a. 74. In his wiU, dated 6 July 1764, he naraed sons Daniel,
Amos, Nathan, Thomas, and grandson Timothy Moore.
2. Daniel, s. of Thomas (1), m. Betty, dau. ot Lieut WUliam HoUoway of
Mariborough; she d. here 7 Mar. 1774, a. 39, and he m. Mrs. Mary Cleveland
of New Marlborough, pub. 2 Ap. 1776. His chil. were John, b. about 1757;
Mary, b. about 1769, m. Moses MandeU 28 May 1777, and d. s. p. 20 Ap. 1782,
a. 23 ; if others, they prob. did not live to raaturity, as in his will, dated 21
Nov. 1812, the whole estate was given to the chil. of his deceased son John.
Daniel the f. rem. trom Wore to Hk. soon after 16 Sep. 1761, when he bought
of Capt Sarauel Robinson tbe estate on the turnpike, a little raore than a mile
from the Comraon, marked "Old House" on the R. Map. His house -ivas con-
suraed by fire 15 Aug. 1773. He was a farraer, captain of militia in 1771, and
d. 10 Jan. 1813, a. 84; his w. Mary d. 7 Dec. 1810, a. 76, or 77.
3. Amos, s. of Thoraas (1), res. on the horaestead in Worcester, which was
quitclaimed to him, 14 Ap. 1769, by bis brothers, soon after tbe death of their
father. His son Amos settled in Woodstock, Vt, and was father of Amos D.,
b. 13 Dec. 1803, grad. W. C. 1827, D. D. at Bowd. Coll. 1860, minister at
Topsbam, Me., and d. 28 June 1876.
4. Nathan, a. ot Thomas (1), ra. Hannah, dau. of John Hunt, 1 July 1762,
and probably rem. from Brk. to Hk. during the same year. He had Persis, b.
27 Mar. 1763; Lemuel, b. 30 Ap. 1764; ra. Anna Ames of Barre 2 May 1793,
res. several years on the road to Gilbertville, at the place raarked " L. Manly,"
and d. s. p. 18 P'eb. 1837; his w. Anna d. 4 Dee 1846, a. 80 ; Nathan, b. 16
June 1767; Hannah, b. 22 Dee 1768, ra. Lewis Abbott ot Oakhara 2 May
1793; Betty, b. 4 May 1773, ra. Elihu Wright ot AVestminster, Vt, 28 Nov.
1799; Polly, b. 5 Ap. 1775, m. Peter Wilder ot Oakhara, pub. 25 May 1794;
Artemas, b. 10 June 1777. Nathan the t. rera. to Stratham, N. H.
5. Thomas, s. of Thoraas (1), m. Anna, dau. of Jonathan Warner, 8 Sep.
1762, and had Charles, b. 13 Oct 1763, d. unra. 11 Nov. 1805; Thomas, b. 3
Mar. 1767; Moses, b. 26 May 1769; Daniel, b. about 1771, d. 8 Oct 1798;
Sally, b.  1774, d. unra. 6 July 1793, a. 19. Thomas the t. was a farraer,
and res. several years on the turnpike at or near the place raarked " C.
Paige" on the R. Map, which he sold to Col. Stephen Rice 19 Nov. 1770, and
rem. to Brk., but returned betore 31 Aug. 1777, and afterwards res. on the
road to Gilbertville at the place marked " L. Manly " on tbe R. Map. He
d. very suddenly i 10 July 1804, a. 66 ; his w. Anna m. her cousin, Capt
Elijah Warner, 30 Dec. 1807, and d. in Dec. 1837, a. 95.
6. John, s. of Daniel (2), ra. Mary, dau. of .lohn Paige, 18 Nov. 1779, and
had Betsey, b. 3 June 1780, ra. Isaac Davis ot Rut, pub. 2 May 1825, and d. 27
July 1849; Fanny, b. 29 Sep. 1781, ra. Lemuel Weeks 27 Dec. 1801 , rem. to
Hardwick, Vt., hut d. here (prob. in childbed), 8 July 1807 ; Daniel, b. 7
Oct 1783; John, b. 29 Aug. 1786 ; Mary, b. 16 Feb. 1788 ; HoUoway Taylor,
b. 29 Sep. 1790, res. in Rut., and d. 7 Ap. 1841 ; a child b.  , d. 2 Dee
1792. John the t. was a farraer, and res. on the homestead with his father.
He was a man ot great energy, both physical and mental. He was deeply
involved in the Shays Rebellion, and was an aide-de-camp to Shays himself.
His contemporaries spoke of him as superior to his chief in military skill and
conduct. He was arrested, tried in Harapshire County, at the April term ot
tbe Suprerae Court in 1787, convicted of treason, and condemned to death.
He received full pardon, however, by the Governor 30 April 1787, and on the
1st of September 1789 was commissioned captain of railitia,^ — a majority of
the company doubtless approving his political opinions. But thouoh thus
sustained by bis townsmen and by the government, it is said that his mind
never regained its forraer buoyancy. Whether his raortification and chaorin
tended to shorten his life is not known; but he d. 8 June 1794, at the eariv
age ot 37; his w. Mary d. 5 May 1821, a. 60.
1 " AVhile giving directions to his hired 2 He was 1st lieut. of the same comnanv
men respecting his hay, he felt himself 17 Jan. 1784, and seems to have Se5

WHEELER. 533
7. Thomas, s. of Thomas (5), m. Anna, dau. of Lieut. Job Dexter, 3
June 1790; she d. 20 Mar. 1804, a. 33, and he m. Mary, dau. of Timothy
Paige, Esq., 14 Feb. 1805; she d. at Ticonderoga, N. Y., 18 Sep. 1828, a.
nearly 48, and he m. twice afterwards. His chil. were Charles, b. 26 Mar.
1791, ra. Luthera, dau. ot Elijah Bangs, 2 Mar. 1814, and d. s. p. at Ticon
deroga, N. Y., 30 Sep. 1818; his widow m. Joseph Adams of Shutes. 1 Ap.
1824; a child b.  , d. 2 May 1793; Sally, b. 28 Ap. 1794, ra. Daniel
Wheeler 3 Nov. 1814; a child d. 12 Sep. 1796, aged eight days; William
Augustus, b. 30 Mar. 1798, ra. Alraira AV., dau. ot Capt. Moses Allen, 13 Jan.
1825, was a very energetic and skUful iron-founder and manufacturer in
Worcester, where he d. 17 Feb. 1876; a cliUd b. — Nov. 1800, d. 26 Jan.
1801; a child b.  , d. 4 Julv 1802; Arm Dexter, b. 3 Dec. 1806, d. 18 Jan.
1816; a child b.  , d. 18 July 1807; Thomas Alonzo. b. 7 Nov. 1808, d.
(ot spotted fever) 16 Ap. 1811; Charlotte Sophia, b, 8 May 1811, ra. WilUara
Burnett Cooper, and (2d) Ashley Cooper Bennett had ten chil., res. in
Garden Prairie, III., and afterwards in RothvUle, Mo.; Mary Emeline, b. 21
June 1813, ra. Thomas R. Green of Beh, and d. 20 Feb. 1843; Rebecca Ann,
b. 6 Mar. 1816, ra. Lyman BurrUl, and d. at Dunkirk, N. Y., 10 June 1853;
Eliza Jane, h. 15 Ap. 1819, m. Rev. Stephen I.,ovell, and d. 4 Mar. 1848;
Juliet Elvira, b. 10 Sep. 1821, d. unra. at Greenwich 19 (or 29) June 1840.
Thomas the f. was a very ingenious blaeksraith and iron-founder; he also
cultivated a farra. He was long in the military service, being a captain in
1801, major in 1811, and colonel in 1813. He res. on the road to Gilbertville,
at the place marked " D. AA'heeler" on the R. Map, and afterwards near the
New Furnace, at tbe place marked "M. S.," until about 1818, when he re
moved to Ticonderoga, N. Y. ; he returned about 1830, and res. a few years
at Greenwich, and afterwards at AVorcester, where he d. 26 Ap. 1851, a. 84.
8. Moses, s. of Thomas (5), ra. Mehetabel Pearson of Randolph, Vt, in
1798, and had Sophia, b. 11 Dee 1799, m. John Wheeler, pub. 2 May 1826 ;
Daniel, b. 10 July 1801 ; Amanda, b. 6 Dec. 1802, m. Alanson Johnson, pub.
8 May 1826; Sarah Warner, b. 2 Dec. 1804; Moses, b. 2 Sep. 1806, drowned
8 June 1819; Hitty, b. 24 May 1808; Henry Parsons, b. 27 Aug. 1810, d. 15
Mar. 1816; Harriet, b. 24 July 1812. Moses the f. frora about 1790 to 1803
res. at Randolph, Vt., where he was ra. and his first three chil. were born.
He then ret. to Hk., res. on what is now the Town Farm (on the Pet. road),
and d. 14 Aug. 1828, a. 59.
9. Daniel, s. ot John (6), m. Sally, dau. of Col. Thoraas Wheeler, 3 Nov.
1814, and had Sally Ann, b. 2 Nov. 1815, d. unm. 25 Jan. 1833 ; Fanny, b.
16 Sep. 1817, m. P'orester B.Aiken 10 May 1837, and d. 23 Dee 1872; Mary,
b. 25 Sep. 1819, m. Levi Adams of Shutes., pub. 3 May 184 3; Elizabeth, b.
22 Aug. 1821 ; Daniel Warner, b. 15 Aug. 1823, ra. Delia Jenney of Ware,
pub. 28 May 1848; Charlotte, b. 13 Nov. 1825, m. Edwin D. McFarland ot
Wore 23 Feb. 1864: Luthera Elmira, b. 19 June 1828, ra. Edward Dean 19
June 1851 ; John, b.l7 July 1829; Eliza Ann, b.  1832, d. 7 Mar. 1833,
a. 1 year; WUliam A., bap. 13 Dec. 1835. Daniel the f. was a farraer, res.
on the road to Gilbertville, at the place marked " D. Wheeler " on the R.
Map, and afterwards on the Moose Brook road, near the Furnace, at the
place marked " D. Billings;" late in lite he rem. to Wore, where he d. 13
June 1864, a. 80; his w. Sally d. 26 June 1864, a. 70 ; both were buried here
in the new ceraetery.
10. John, =. of John (6), m.  ; she d.  , and he m. Sophia, dau. of
Moses Wheeler, pub. 2 May 1825. His chU. were Daniel, b. 9 Ap. 1816, res.
in East Boston; John, b.  , ra.  , d.  ; Mary G., b. 15 July 1820,
m.  Bartlett (one other child by first wife d. young); Moses P., b. 2 Oct
1828; Harriet S., h. 16 Feb. 1830, m. George AVarner 21 Oct. 1868; Charles
A., b. 31 Mar. 1832; Sarah E., b. 3 July 1834, d. unm. 17 May 1866; George
F., b. 4 May 1836, res. in the city of New York. John tbe f. rem. early to
Rut., where aU his chil. were born, except the youngest; about 1835 he re
turned, and for many years res. on the Gilbertville road at the place marked
" D. Wheeler." He was a farmer, and d. 7 (or 27) Sep. 1866, a. 80.

534 WHEELER — WHIPPLE.
11. Daniel, s. ot Moses (8), m. Mary, dau. of Barnabas Hinkley, pub. 5
Nov. 1826, and had Mary Ann, b. 20 Sep. 1827; Daniel Hinkley, b. 7 June
1829; Susan, b. 11 Nov. 1830. Daniel the t. rem. to Maine about 1836.
12. Moses P., =. ot John (10), m. Anna Maria Smith of St. Louis 3 Oct
1861, and had Emma Louisa, h. here 6 June 1868. MosES P. the f. rem. to
Springfield. 13. Charles A., s. of John (10), m. Christiana B. Howe of Barre, pub. 7
Mar. 1866, and had Mary Louisa, h. 26 Mar. 1869. Charles A. the f., a
farmer and deacon, res. on the homestead.
14. P>HRAIM, parentage not ascertained, by w. Anna, had Ephraim, b. 8
Dec. 1764; Anna, b. 4 May 1767; Persis, b. 29 Dec. 1769; Rhoda, b. 31 Aug.
1772. Ephraim the f. carae here frora Braintree in 1769.
Sarah, m. Thoraas Emraons 30 Ap. 1741. Martha, of Marlb., ra. David
Woods, pub. 11 Feb. 1743-4; Rebecca, m. Daniel Munden 8 Aug. 1771.
Elizabeth, ra. Joseph Cleveland 4 May 1772. George P., of Pet, ra. Al-
raeda Aiken 13 June 1848. William A., ra. Sarah E. Howe of Shrews.,
pub. 9 Nov. 1857. Fanny (b. in Pet), d. unm. 30 Ap. 1861, a. 71.
Wheelock, David, by w. Phebe, had Lydia, b. 22 Sep. 1 760, m. Ichabod
Merritt of Ware, pub. 6 Ap. 1 783.
2. Calvin C, by w. Clarissa E., had Hattie Maria, b. 15 Jan. 1861, d. 24
May 1862; EUen M., b.  1863, d. 2 Sep. 1865. a. 2 years.
Gideon, m. Sarah Forbush 14 Jan. 1771. Sally, ra. Jaraes Holland of
Gr. 15 Nov. 1792. Sarah, m. Benjarain Merritt of Ware 8 Jan. 1797.
John Moore, s. of Eli, d. 17 May 1835, a. 1 year and 9 raonths.
Wheet, Thomas, and Abigail Stearns were pub. 17 Jan. 1770.
Whipple, Benjamin, b. in Ipswich 1726, by w. Hepzibah, had Nehemiah,
b. here 25 Mar. 1750; Hepzibah and Sarah, twins, b. 1 July 1751; Abigail, b.
21 June 1763 ; Benjamin, b. 16 Sep. 1756 ; Prudence, b. 27 July 1757; David,
b. 17 Sep. 1759; and at .Bennington, Elizabeth, b. 24 Mar. 1763; Persis, b. 14
Mar. 1768. Benjamin the f. came here trom Westboro' in 1749, was a cor
poral in the French War, and rem. to Bennington about 1761.
2. Ebenezer, rera. to Hk. from Sutton about 1751, and by w. Prudence,
had Paul, b.  , d. about 1771; Samuel, b. 7 Dee 1751 ; John, b. 6 Jan.
1764, perhaps the same who d. 6 July 1777; Prudence (posthumous), b. 17
Mar. 1756, m. George Field 13 Ap. 1775, and d. 16 Dee 1838. Ebenezer
the t. was a "joiner," a sergeant in the French War, and was killed in battle
8 Sep. 1755; his w. Prudence ra. Deac. James Fay, pub. 13 Sep. 1760.
3. Samuel, s. of Ebenezer (2), m. Sarah, dau. of Ezra Leonard, 30 Mar.
1775, and had Rhoda, b. 24 Oct. 1775, ra. Soloraon Cutter ot Rindge, N. H.,
8 Jan. 1799 ; Olive, b. 6 June 1778, m. Chiron Penniman 17 Jan. 1797 ; John,
b. 6 P'eb. 1780; Fanny, b. 27 Feb. 1782; Charles, b. 12 Nov. 1784; Sarah,
b. 20 Aug. 1786 ; Samuel Dudley, b. 24 June 1788; Anson, b. 23 Mar. 1790;
Sophia, b. 27 Feb. 1792.
4. James (a descendant from Matthew,^ who d. at Ipswich 28 Sep. 1647,
throuoh Joseph,^ who d. at Ips. about 1709, Deacon James," of Grafton,
who d. 3 Nov. 1766, a. 86, and Jacob <), was b. at Grafton in 1732, settled
in Hardwick, m. Lydia Powers 29 Nov. 1750, and had Lydia, b.  1753,
and d.  1757; Jacob, b. 4 Nov. 1766; David, b. 12 Sep. 1759; James, b.
 1765; Moses (posthumous), b.  1768. James the f. d. in 1767.
5. Jacob, s. of James (4), ra. Edna Forbush 30 Dec. 1777, and had Lydia,
b.  1779, ra. Ichabod Towne ot Gr., pub. 27 Jan. 1798; Ephraim, b. 
1781, d. at Dana 28 June 1862, a. 81 ; Sarah, b.  1782, m. Ezra Thayer ;
Mercy, b.  1784, d. young. (The names and dates of birth are copied
from the Whipple Genealogy. Jacob the f. was a deacon and a preacher
in the Baptist church in the north part of the town (now Dana), and d. in
1818. ^
6. David, s. of Jaraes (4), m. Elizabeth Davis of Gr. 7 Ap. 1785; she d. 16
Sep. 1826, a. 60, and he m. Martha Thayer, pub. 26 Jan. 1827; she d. 27 May
1836, a. 71, and he m.'Arathusa Estabrook 1 Dec. 1836. His chih were ien-

WHIPPLE — WHITCOMB. 535
dall, b. 14 Dec. 1795, d. unm. 21 Nov. 1817, and was the first person buried
in the new cemetery (having previously assisted in buildino the surroundino
wall); Joel, b. 19 July 1797; Cyrena, b. 28 May 1799, ra. Hosea Thayer o'f
Dana, pub. 26 Ap. 1819; Eliza, b. 11 Mar. 1804, ra. AViUiara Johnson 15 Auo.
1822. °

^¦— — 1''93, m. Deborah Stephens, pub. 22 Mar. 1819, and d. at Otsego, N.
Y., in 1846 ; Catherine, b.  1796, m. Thomas Jenkins of Otseoo, andd. in
1841; Almira. h.  1778, ra. Ira HaskeU of Gr. ; Almond, b.— ^1800, res.
in Howell, Mich., and was clork of the Judicial Court ; Sophronia, b. 
1802, m. Oliver N. Shipman of Springf., N. Y. ; Squire, b. 1804, grad. U. C.
1830, a civil engineer in Utica, N. Y. James the f rem. in 1817 to Otseoo,
N. Y., and thence to Springf., N. Y. See Gen. of Whipple Family. °
8. Moses, s. of James (4), m. Sarah Thayer 31 Dec. 1789, and had Rebecca,
b. 9 Oct 1790, m. Daniel Stephens, pub. 14 Ap. 1811 ; Sarah, b. 16 Ap. 1792,
m. Joel Gleason, pub. 24 June 1811 ; Lydia, b. 17 Feb. 1795, m. Holland
Randall of Barre, pub. 7 Ap. 1817; Moses, b. 22 Sep. 1796; Polly, b. 
1799, d.  1802; Joseph, b. 30 Ap. 1801 ; Hannah, b. 11 June 1803, d. unm.
at Dana 17 Ap. 1858 ; Susanna, b. 9 Sep. 1805, ra. Stephen N. Johnson, pub.
3 Feb. 1823 ; Selinda, b. 1 May 1809, ra. Cyrus Doubleday of Dana ; Ruby, b.
10 Nov. 1811, m. Erastus Thayer 26 May 1830. Moses the f. d.  1842.
9. Joel, s. ot David (6), ra. Eunice Richardson 2 Sep. 1821, and had
Charles L., b. about 1830, d. unm. 25 Mar. 1879, a. 48; Eliza E., b. about
1840, ra. Peebles Johnson 21 May 1861. Joel the f. d. 28 or 29 Jan. 1864;
his w. Eunice d. at N. Brk. 9 Oct. 1869, a. 68, and was buried here.
10. Moses, s. of Moses (8), m. Eunice Knowles 6 Ap. 1823, and had Har
riet K., b. about 1824, m. S. Osborn Brown of Fitchburg 1 May 1845 ; Mary
Maria, b. about 1827, ra. S. Osborn Brown, then of Springf., 5 June 1850;
also Moses K., Susan, Albert, and Charles.
11. Joseph, s. of Moses (8), m. Deborah, dau. of George Haskell, 15 Ap.
1824, and had Emily R., b. about 1825, ra. John Haven, and d. at Boston 8
June 1856. Joseph the f. was a colonel ot militia, and deacon of the
church. He rera. to Springfield about 1842.
Lucy, of AVestborough, m. Moses Pratt 16 Nov. 1747. Moses, brother of
James (4), ra. Catherine Forbush 25 May 1758. Sarah, ra. Shearjashub
Spooner of Pet 21 May 1760. Mary, ra. Joseph Warner 14 Nov. 1764.
Lydia, m. Ephraira Cleveland, Jr., 16 Nov. 1770. Hannah, m. David
Leonard of "No. 5" (Cummington) 15 Feb. 1773. Rachkl, ra. Joshua
Johnson 12 Aug. 1798. Levi, m. Betsey Warner 21 Aug. 1803. Bbtsky of
Grafton m. Jaraes AA'^. Jenkins, pub. 1 Jan. 1804. Maria A., m. James H.
Sturtevant, pub. 1 July 1853. Charlotte S., m. William E. Dart, pub. 30
Mar. 1858.
Whitaker, Franklin, a clergyman, ra. Mary, dau. ot Franklin Ruggles,
1 June 1843, and had Mary, b. here 19 Ap. 1844, d. 16 Dec. 1850 ; Helen, b.
in Janesville, AA'is., 2 Mar. 1848, d. 17 Aug. 1850; Franklin, b. in JanesviUe
11 Jan. 1850, d. 20 July 1867; Willie, b. here 19 Aug. 1851, d. 26 Nov. 1853;
Ellen, b. in Janesville 16 Sep. 1863, d. 28 Jan. 1854.
2. Ira AV., by w.  , had Charles Eastman, b. 11 Aug. 1845; a son b. 7
Feb. 1848 ; Lucy Maria, b. 11 June 1850.
Whitcomb, James, s. ot Robert and grandson of John, was b. at Scituate
about 1668, where he ra. Mary Parker in 1694, and hsid James, b. 31 Aug.
1695, d. young; Nathaniel and James, twins, b. the torraer on the 19lh and
the latter on the 21st of August 1697, as the Scituate Records distinctly
show; Mary and Joanna, twins, b. 22 Mar. 1?S (of whom Mary m. 
Davis, and Joanna m.  Chapraan); Robert, b.  , named in bis father's
wiU 22 Sep. 1727. James the f. was a " set-work cooper," rem. trom Scitu
ate to Rochester, where he d. 26 June 1728, a. 60; his w. Mary d. 30 Nov.
1729, a. 62.

536 WHITCOMB.
2. Nathaniel, s. of James (1), m. Rosilla Coorabs 21 Jan. 1722-3; she
d. 8 Mar. 1737-8, and he m. Phebe Blackman 27 July 1738. His chil. were
Joanna, b. 6 June 1725, m. SUas Dean 13 Sep. 1744; Mary, b. 9 Oct 1727,
m. Paul Dean 4 Dec. 1745, and (2d) Deac. Daniel Spooner 16 Oct 1780, and
d. 9 May 1822; Dorcas, b. 8 Mar. 1729-30, ra. Solomon Aiken 8 Feb. 1749-
50, and d. 10 Dee 1803; Nathaniel, b. 26 May 1732; Rosilla, b. 19 Feb.
1733-4, m. George Paige 4 June 1752, and (2d) Capt. AVilliara Breckenridge
of Ware 17 Mar. 1790, and d. 29 Oct 1807; Asa, b. 29 Feb. 1735-6; John,
b. 14 Feb. 1737-8, prob. d. young; Lot, b. 2 May 1739 ; Content, b. 27 Oct.
1740, in. Solomon Bush ot 'Ware 27 Nov. 1767. Nathaniel the f. was a
cooper, rem. with his faniily from Rochester to Hardwick about 1742, was
selectman five years between 1745 and 1769, assessor three years, and d. 18
Mar. 1772, a. 74 ; his head-stone reraains standing in the old ceraetery.
3. James, s. of Jaraes (1), ra. Mercy, dau. of Deac. Samuel Winslow ot
Roch., 15 Aug. 1721 ; she d. 20 Sep. 1726, a. 21, and he m. Joanna, dau. of
Williara Spooner of Dartm., 12 July 1727 ; she d.  , and he ra. Mercy, dau.
of Capt. Josiah AA'inslow of Freetown, pub. 15 Nov. 1728; she d. 20 Ap. 1729,
a. 28, and be ra. Sarah, widow ot Thoraas Lincoln and dau. of Major Edward
Winslow of Roch., 31 May 1731 (three of these wives were cousins to each
other). His chil., all by his last wife, were James, b. 3 Mar. 1731-2, a soldier
in the French War, killed at Gaspereau, N. S., 24 July 1756; i Thomas, b. 2
Dec. 1733, d. at AVestern  1770; Sarah, b. 26 Oct 1735; Mercy, b. 26
Aug. 1737 ; Scottoway, b. 1 June 1739 ; Robert, b. 1 May 1741; Nathan, bap.
25 Sep. 1743 ; also Edward and Mary, naraed in their father's wiU. James
the f. owned land in Hk., and seeras to have res. here a short tirae ; he rem.
from Roch. to Western (now Warren) about 1743, where he d. between 30
Aug. and 16 Dec. 1763; bis w. Sarah was living 28 Feb. 1771, when her
dower was assigned.
4. Robert, s. of Jaraes (1), m. Joanna Lawrence 13 Jan. 1731-2, and had
Elizabeth, b. 11 Nov. 1732, ra. William Powers ot Hk. 16 Nov. 1758; Joshua,
b. 19 Nov. 1734 ; Joanna, b. 29 May 1737, ra. Isaiah Hatch 31 Jan. 1756, and
rem. to Hk. ; and prob. others. Robert the f . res. at Rochester.
5. Nathaniel, s. of Nathaniel (2), m. Margaret Aiken 19 June 1755; she
d.  , and he m. Mrs. Mary Freeman 17 Oct 1779. His chil. were Dorcas,
b. 16 June 1756, d. unm. 3 Jan. 1777; Lucy, b. 18 Mar. 1758 ; Margaret, bap.
8 June 1760; Phebe,bap. 24 Oct 1762; Abigail, bap. 9 Dec. 1764. Na
thaniel the f. rem. to Gr. before 1779.
6. Asa, s. of Nathaniel (2), m. Joanna, dau. of Benjamin Raymond, 15
Mar. 1769, and had Rhoda, b. 22 Julv 1760, m. Ephraim Briggs at Barnard,
Vt, 18 Ap. 1780; John, b. 17 Sep. 1761; Chapman, b. 6 Mar.T765; Anthony,
b. 17 June 1766; Asa Barnard, b. 23 Aug. 1770; Joanna, b. 11 Julv 1773;
Benjamin, b. about 1775 (the four last named d. before 1809, and theii- names
ai-e inscribed together on a head-stone at Barnard); Philocles, b. in Barnard
27 June 1776, and the record describes him as "the first child that was born
in this town." Asa the f. was a very active man. and the principal leader in
the settlement of Barnard. He was the agent of the proprietors for the sale
ot their land, and induced a large number ot bis relatives and neighbors to
reraove thither; so raany, indeed, that on the organization of that°town all
tbe principal town officers, with perhaps a single exception, were Hardwick
men. He was selectraan, 1778, the first justice of the peace, 1778, representa
tive, 1779, and a leading spirit through life. He d. 31 Mar. 1812, a. 76. On
his head-stone it is inscribed that "he was one ot the trainers of the Constitu
tion of this State, one of the first settlers of this town, and a main pillar ot its
infant settleraent; and during the struggle for independence was a firm sup
porter of the cause of his country." ^
1 July 25, 1755. "Lieut Wilson came "Diarv of Dr. John Thomas," N. E. Gen
trom Gaspereau; brings an account that one Rey., xxxiii. 390.
of Capt. Cobb's men were killed passing 2' I remember Mr. Whitcomb aa a mus-
trom the fort to the village on tiis horse ; he cular man, with features indicating creat
and his horse were both killed; his name energy of character. He had also a fund
was Whitcum; he came from Hardwike." of humor, and sometiiijes expressed his

WHITCOMB — WHITE. 537
7. Lot, s. of Nathaniel (2), m. Lydia Nye of N. Br. 9 Dec. 1762 and
had Betty, b. 28 Sep. 1763; Mehetabel, b. 2 Ap. 1765, d. 13 Ap. 1765; Branch
bap. 6 Dee 1767; Nathaniel, bap. 26 JiUv 1772; iof, bap. 5 Mar. 1775-
Justus and Lydia, bap. 15 Aug. 1779 ; James, bap. 9 Dee 1781. Lot the f'
rem. to Barnard, and was a raember of the "Coramittee of Safety" (by
which the first town meeting was called) in 1778. Perhaps he did not re
move his family so early.
8. Moses, prob. s. ot Robert (4), ra. Sarah Powers 4 Nov. 1762, and had
Judith, b. 10 Aug. 1763; Charles, b. 23 Sep. 1765; Joshua, b. 18 May 1768-
Calvin, bap. 17 Nov. 1776; Luther, bap. 16 Aug. 1778; Moses, bap. 18 Feb.'
1781. 9. Benjamin F., by w. Sarah H., had Maria, b. 2 Nov. 1874.
Olive, m. Rufus Carpenter of AA'oodstock 27 Feb. 1777. Nathaniel, Jr.,
of Gr., perhaps the same as Nathaniel (5), m. Salome Snow, pub. 26 Ap.'
1789. Charles, recommended to the church in Rochester, Vt, 6 Feb. 1797.
AVhite, John (s. of John who was buried at Hatfield 15 Sep. 1665, and
grandson of Johu, who came to N. E. in 1632, res. at Cambridge, Hartford,
and Hadley, was elder of the church in Plartford, and d. there" between 17
Dec. 1683 and 23 Jan. 1684), was b. in Hatfield 1663, ra. Hannah, dau. of
Thomas Wells, 7 July 1687, and had John, b. 26 Sep. 1689, and d. in West
Springfield 1759; Mary, b. 3 Jan. 1692, d. young; Hannah, b. 26 Mar. 1695,
m. John Hastings 14 July 1720; Mary, b.  1697, prob. d. young; Jona
than, b. 18 Sep. 1700, d. in Hebron, Conn., 28 Mar. 1776 ; Sarah, b.  , ra.
Philip Sraith 11 Jan. 1722, and was m. twice afterwards; Elizabeth, b.  ,
ra. Daniel White 19 Jan. 1726, and d. 4 July 1770, a. about 65 ; Martha, b. 14
Mar. 1708, ra. Joseph Olmstead of Bolton, Conn., in 1732; David, b. 1 July
1710. John the f. was a deacon of the church in Platfield. In his old age
he rera. here, and d. 13 Nov. 1750, a. 87. His head-stone stands by tbe side
ot that which was erected in the old ceraetery in memory ot his son the Rev.
David AA'hite. He was born at an earlier date than any other person whose
head-stone is to be found here.^
2. David, s. of John (1), m. Susanna, "granddaughter of the first Thomas
Wells ot Deerfield, and it is believed that her narae was Wells ; she was
brought up in the faraily of her uncle, the second Thomas Wells of Deer
field." ^ His chih were Thomas Wells, b. 12 Aug. 1739; Sarah,. b. 29 May
1741, ra. Rev. Lerauel Hedge 5 Nov. 1761, res. in Warwick, and is said to
have d.in Middlebury, Vt, in 1808 (Mem. of Elder John White, etc.) ;' Su
sanna, b. 30 Aug. 1743, m. Jonathan Danforth 19 Ap. 1770, and d. 14 Nov.
1779; John, b. 11 June 1745, grad. H. C. 1765, ra. Sally, dau. of James
Brown of Wore, pub. 26 Dec. 1784, rem. before 25 Mar. 1785 to Wore, was
styled "major," and d.  1796. David the f. grad. Y. C. 1730, was or
dained as the first pastor of the church in Hardwick 17 Nov. 1736, and d. in
office 6 Jan. 1784, a. nearly 74; he was a thoroughly good raan, but by no
means brilliant. His w. Susanna d. 17 July 1783, a. 69, and her raeraory was
blessed by all who survived her, as both brilliant and good. The parsonage,
or "minister's lot," was half a mile northerly from tbe meeting-house, at the
place raarked " E. Cutler " on the R. Map; it contained two hundred acres
of land, and included the farms afterwards owned by Dr. Williara Cutler and
Mr. Timothy Hathaway. Mr. White sold this estate in 1777, and bought a
house a few rods north of the Common (with 35 acres of land), at or near the
place raarked " P. Hammond " on the R. Map, where he died.
shrewd remarks in rhyme. For example; But if your mightiness' divine
on one occasion when the wife of one of hia , ^or higtier good design her,
friends was giving free vent to her impa- ^"i°,^ZdvTo r'eBtn"her""''
tience and vexation, he gravely asked his -' °
friend what he thought of Doctor Hum- x„ ^^ich his friend replied, "I think he
grum's prayer: — spoke like a Christian and a man of sense
" Ye Gods, ye gave to me a wife, .'y^ r n t «c *i..-., f.,™;i..
Ont of yonr wonted favor, ^ For a more full account of "''^f a™>ly.
To b!) the comfort of my life, see Judd's Hist, of Hadley, m- 594-596.
And I was glad to have her, 2 Memorials of Elder John White and of
his Descendants.

538 WHITE — WICKER.
3. Thomas Wells, s. of David (2), m. Naoma Wood ot Northfield, pub.
14 Oct 1764, and had in Hardwick, David, b. 4 Dee 1765; Thomas, b. 26 July
1767; Theodosia, b. 19 Aug. 1769; Naoma, b. 13 Sep. 1771; Rhoda, b. 17 Oct
1773; Sally, b. 11 Feb. 1776 ; and in Barnard, Susanna, b. 28 Dec. 1780: Han
nah and John, twins, b. 13 Jan. 1783; Olcott, b. 9 Jan. 1786; Samuel, b. 1
Nov. 1 788. All these chil. raarried, and their numerous descendants are scat
tered through Vermont, New York, and Ohio. Thomas Wells the f. grad.
H. C. 1769,°taught school and kept a store in Hardwick, was town clerk eight
years, and assessor four years, until Sep. 1777, when he resigned both offices.
About this time he rem. to Barnard, Vt, and on the organization of that town,
9 Ap. 1778, he was elected its first town clerk and held that office several
years. " In 1799 he removed to Ohio, and settled in Roxbury, now Water
ford, Washington Co., where he lived with his son David, and died there 3 Sep.
1816." Mem. of Elder John White, etc..
4. John, Jr., lineage not ascertained, by w. AbigaU, had Thomas, b. 27 Oct.
1787; Abigail, b. 3 Ap. 1789.
5. Elias, of Barre, m. Hope, dau. of Sylvanus Cobb, 2 Oct 1789, and had
(born here) Lucy W., b. about 1791, ra. Perley Blanchard of N. Br. 31 Dee
1812, and d. at Brk. 19 Ap. 1875 ; Betsey, b. 15 Jan. 1793, m. Jonah Howe 21
Sep. 1812; Noah W., b. 9 July 1795 ; Frederick, b. 7 May 1797; George M.,
b. 1 May 1805, d. 19 Sep. 1833. Elias the f. d. 22 Aug. 1810, a. 50 ; his w.
Hope d. 29 June 1860, a. 91.
6. Noah W., s. of Elias (5), m. Anna Lawrence 5 Nov. 1826, and had a
dau. b. 22 Sep. 1845, and prob. others. He d. at Brk. 1 July 1872, a. 77; his
w. Anna d. 24 Jan. 1868, a. 65.
7. Josiah, ra. Helen J. Granger 26 May 1863, and had George Anson, b. 21
May 1864; Mary Frances, b. 18 May 1867; Hattie Virginia, b. 5 Oct 1869;
Charles William, b. 27 Feb. 1872, d. 19 Oct. 1876.
Sarah, ra. John Perkins 23 July 1777. .Iohn, m. Polly Clark 19 Nov.
1795. Dr. Joseph, m. Beersheba Jenney of New Bedford, pub. 30 June 1799.
Noah, of Barre, ra. Mivina, dau. ot Sylvanus Cobb, 8 Feb. 1807; she d.at
Barre, 10 Oct. 1860, a. 64. Lauriston, ra. Elizabeth O. Felton of N. Br.,
pub. 20 June 1865. Mary Ann, ra. Charles B. Conant of Springf., 18 May
1864. Caroline, m. Isaac S. Bemis of Pittsford, Vt, 24 May 1866. Mitch
ell m. Mary A. Laro 1 Jan. 1867. William, ra. Rose Bennett 28 Aug. 1871.
Whiting, Ebenezer, ra. Abigail Bryant, pub. — Sep.. 1797, and had Isa-
bellct, b. in WiUiarasburg 4 Sep. 1798, ra. Southworth Jenkins Mann, pub. 19
Nov. 1827, and d. 31 May 1869; also (born here) Lucius, b. 18 Dec. 1800, d.
unra. 1 Jan. 1833; Calvin, b. 28 May 1803, d. unm. 25 Feb. 1829; Joseph War
ren, b. 24 Ap. 1805, d.unra. 1 June 1834; Olive Packard, b. 1 May 1807, m.
Walter MandeU 30 Nov. 1837, d. s. p. 29 July 1838; Lemuel, b. 13 Nov. 1809,
d. unm. at Buffalo, N. Y., 15 Jan. 1835. Ebenezer the t. was a bricklayer,
and d. 6 July 1811, a. 42 ; his w. Abigail m. Jesse Paige 20 May 1812, and d.
29 July 1856, a. 79.
Abigail, ra. Stephen Morton 15 Ap. 1805. Calvin, d. 24 Ap. 1803, a. 16.
Widow Abigail, d. 6 Feb. 1818, a. 74. These were prob. the sister, brother,
and raother of Ebenezer.
Wicker, Jacob, " m. Abiah Washburn, sister of Col. Seth, 1747, and
moved to Hardwick." (Washburn's Hist. Leicester, p. 408.) She d. here 30
June 1812, a. 86.
2. James (perhaps from Leicester), by w. Martha, had Lucinda, b. 22 Oct
1773; Patty, h. 3 Ap. 1775; Joel, b. 1 Oct 1779; Betsey, b. 8 Ap. 1781; So
phia, b. 6 Ap. 1783.
3. William, prob. s. of Jacob (1), m. Susanna Parker of Paxton, pub. 23
Feb. 1772, andhad Jacob, h. 20 Feb. 1773; Susanna, b. 7 Sep. 1774, m. Seth
WiUis 12 Oct 1794 ; John, b. 18 Aug. 1776 ; Lavina, b. 7 Feb. 1779, m. Wil
Uam Bassett, Jr., 28 Nov. 1799; Pliny, b. 23 Ap. 1781; Lemuel, b. 9 July
1783; Ira, b. 26 July 1785; WUliam, b. 22 Ap. 1788; Lucy, b. 9 Oct 1790,
ra. Justus Jenney 19 Feb. 1811 ; Melinda, b. 2 Aug. 1796.
4. John, s. of AVilliara (3), m. PriscUla CoUin's 15 Nov. 1803, and had
Charles Augustus, b. 3 Sep. 1804; Daniel Wright, h. 28 Feb. 1806.

WICKER — WILLIS. 539
5. Lemuel, s. of WUliam (3), ra. Mary P., dau. ot Moses Hunt, 15 .Tan.
1811; she d. 14 Oct 1812, and he m. Sarah, dau. of George Haskell, 6 Oct.
1813. Plis chU. were Blary, bap. 12 Oct 1812, d. 28 Oct 1812, a. 3 raonths ;
Cyrus Washburn, bap. 9 Oct 1814. Lemuel the f. rem. to Bridport, Vt,
soon after 1814.
6. Ira, s. of AVUliam (3), settled at Bridport, Vt, m. Mary, dau. of George
Haskell, 1 Oct 1812, and had Lydia Emeline, b.  , d. here 31 Jan. 1818, a.
1 year. Luther, m. Catherine Johnson, pub. 19 June 1780. Mary (or Mercy),
dau. of Frederick and Susan, ra. Abner Giffin, pub. 20 Dec. 1813, and d. at
Ware, 29 Jan. 1865, a. 80. Eunice, m. Barnabas Snow, pub. 3 Feb. 1817.
Joseph, d. 10 Dec. 1795, a. 26. AVidow Susanna, d. 20 Aug. 1809, a. 47.
Wiley, Albert L., m. Ellen M., dau. of Harrison G. O. Monroe, 2 June
1865, and had Nelly (or Nettie), b.  1866, d. 11 Nov. 1872, a. 6; Lura
Augusta, b. 12 Ap. 1870; Harry L.,h. 27 May 1873, d. 6 June 1873; Nelly
Amelia, b. 27 July 1874 ; Albert L., b. 2 July 1877; Edward Everett, b. 30 Dec.
1880. Willard, Josiah, by w. Dinah, had Martha, b. 22 May 1762.
Willis, Samuel, ot Dartmouth, ra. Mehetabel Gifford 24 Mar. 1712-13,
and had Eliakim, b. 9 Jan. 1718-14, grad. H. C. 1735, elected pastor of the
church in Maiden 16 Oct. 1751, and d. in office 14 Mar. 1801, a. nearly 88;
Hannah, b. 20 Jan. 1715-16; Benjamin, b. 13 May 1718; Zerviah, b. 23 June
1720; Abigail, b. 31 Jan. 1721-2, d. 8 Ap. 1722; Jabez, b. 12 Oct 1723, d. 13
Jan. 1723-4 ; Samuel, b. 6 Jan. 1724-5; Ebenezer, b. 23 Oct 1726 ; Mehetabel,
b. 1 July 1729; Jireh, b. 26 Sep. 1731. Samuel tbe f. was a colonel and
justice ot the peace, and was admitted as an associate proprietor of Hardwick,
27 Dee 1732.
2. Benjamin, s. of Samuel (1), m. Hannah, dau. of Samuel Spooner, 30
Mar. 1743 ; and had in Dartm. Rebecca, b. 20 Mar. 1743-4, m. Jaraes Wing
13 Auo. 1772, and d. 21 Oct 1823; Lemuel, b. 30 Ap. 1746; AbigaU, b. 17
July 1746, ra. Ebenezer Childs of N. Sal. 26 Dee 1769 ; Hannah, b. 29 Oct
1748, ra. Joseph Weeks 10 May 1775 ; also (born here) Mehetabel, b. 27 Nov.
1750, ra. Lemuel Bryant of Wardsboro', Vt, 27 Oct. 1793, and d. here 30 July
1797 ; Mary, b. 29 Ap. 1752, m. Nathan Swift of Barre 8 Sep. 1773; Zerviah,
b. 1 Mav 1754, m. John Keith 21 Oct 1782. Benjamin the f. was a farmer
and captain, rem. here frora Dartm. 1748, res. near Barre, and d. about 1756 ;
his w. Hannah d. 6 Feb. 1812, a. 92.
3. Lemuel, s. of Benjarain (2), ra. Rebecca, dau. of Lemuel Berry, 27 May
1771, but had no children. He was for many years an innholder on the
turnpike, three quarters of a mile northerly from the Comraon, at the place
marked "Dr. WardweU " on the R. Map. He was a selectman two years,
assessor sixteen years, and town clerk nineteen years. In his old age he found
it necessary to receive airas frora the town which he had served so long and
so faithfully. He d. 25 Ap. 1829, a. 84; his w. Rebecca d. 16 Ap. 1826,
a. 78.
4. Ebenezer, of Middleborough, was adm. to the church there 25 July
1758; he ra. Mary Jackson, who d. here 5 July 1810, a. 74, and he m. Rebecca
Lane ot Gr., pub. 13 May 1811. His chil. were Ebenezer; John; Seth;
Mary (d. before 1810); Hannah, m. Jabez Green of Lincoln  1786;
Kezm, ra. Samuel L. Robinson 20 June 1793, and d. 13 July 1866, a. 80.
Ebenezer the f. rem. here before 9 Sep. 1781, when he became a meraber ot
the church, and was elected deacon 12 May 1785. He res. on the road to
Enfield, and d. 6 Feb. 1813, a. 78.
5. Seth, s. ot Ebenezer (4), m. Susanna, dau. of William Wicker, 12 Oct
1794, and had John, b. 6 Nov. 1795; Joseph, b. 14 Jan. 1797; Lavina, b. 5
July 1798; Thomas Jefferson,h. 11 Jan. 1800; William Wicker, b.  , d.
12 May 1812, a. 9 months; an infant, d. 14 June 1815, a. 4 days. _ Seth the
f. was deacon of the Baptist Church from 1801 to 1811, and res. with or near
111*1 ffltllGl'
6. James R., parentage not ascertained, by w. Malvina, had Leander, b. 27
Jan. 1848.

540 WILLIS - WING.
7. James M., by w. Hannah M., had Eliza S., b. 28 Sep. 1849; Frank Wil
lard, b. 10 Sep. 1851; Delia Maria, b. 31 Mar. 1853.
8. DiMMiCK, Jr., ra. Mary E. Marsh, pub. 2 Nov. 1851, and had Willard
Francis, b. 8 Ap. 1852. His w. Mary E. d. 15 Oct 1860, a. 32.
Edmund, was pub. to Mercy Fuller ot Oakham 26 Feb. 1775, and agp,in
23 Feb. 1777; recommended to the church in Woodstock, Vt., 30 July 1789.
Olive, m. James Hawkes ot Pet 7 Mar. 1776. Silas, Jr., ra. Ruth Wright
ot Brk., pub. 29 Nov. 1778. Hannah, m. Atwood Aiken 9 Dee 1779.
Adam, m. Ann Finton ot N. Br. 14 Dec. 1785. Betsey, ra. Moses Hawkes
of N. Br. 11 Oct 1787. Thomas, ra. Anna Rice 16 Nov. 1800. Hannah,
m. Dr. Elliott Beckwith, pub. 2 Mar. 1812. Dr. William H., m. AbigaU A.
Sabin of Bel. pub. 17 Sep. 1842.
Wilson, John, by w. Lilly, had Alexander, b. 3 Feb. 1742-3; Oliver, h.
14 Jan. 1744-5; /o/m, bap. 21 Dec. 1746; Sarah, bap. 2 Ap. 1749; Daoid,
bap. 24 Feb. 1764. John the f. prob. res. on the east side of the river, now
New Braintree.
2. Robert, by w. Matilda, had Ann Maria, b. 2 Dec. 1855.
Caleb, ra. Polly Flagg 6 Oct 1791. Patty, m. James Lawton 12 Ap.
1804. Hannah W., of Southbridge, ra. Elder Joseph Glazier, pub. 11 Ap.
1834. Mary Ann, dau. ot Charies, d. 7 Dec. 1838, a. 2.
Winchester, Ben.iamin, of Grafton (perhaps previously ot Roxbury),
executed his will 25 Dec. 1768, proved 1 July 1762, in which he naraed wife
Elizabeth, and chil. Thomas, Benjamin, Joshua (deceased), Joseph, Sarah,
Anna, and Mary. The sons Thomas and Benjamin had already rera. to
Hardwick. 2. Thomas, s. of Benjarain (1), by w. Mary, had Moses, b. 5 Sep. 1749,
ra. Margery Forbush 9 Mar. 1780, d. 11 Mar. 1831; Thomas, h. 1 Sep. 1751,
d. 24 Ap. 1753; Mary,b. 10 Ap. 1753, ra. Elijah Washburn 1 Jan. 1778;
Prudence, b. 10 Oct 1755, ra. Oliver Bailey of Curamington 3 June 1779;
Elizabeth, b. 14 Mar. 1760, ra. Theodorus Forbes of Wilmington 22 Jan. 1781;
Thomas, b. 9 Dec. 1763. Thomas the f. d. 10 Jan. 1787, a. 65; his w. Mary
d. 29 Sep. 1803, a. 82.
3. Benjamin, s. of Benjarain (1), ra. Sarah, dau. of Deac. Joseph Allen,
19 Feb. 1761, and had Prudence, b. 17 Oct. 1762, m. Jonas Allen (then of
Sutton) 15 Feh. 1781, d. here 19 Dec. 1797; Sarah,b. 16 Aug. 1767, m. Jonas
Allen 29 Aug. 1798, d. 10 May 1802; Benjamin, b. 2 Dec. 1769. Benjamin
the f. d. suddenly, while on a journey, at the house of his brother in Grafton,
6 Jan. 1771, a. about 45.
4. Joshua, s. ot Benjamin (1), by w. Mary, had Sarah, b. 17 Aug. 1753.
Joshua the f. d. before 25 Dec. 1758.
6. Thomas, s. of Thoraas (2), m. Patience Dennis 23 Dec. 1787, and bad
Anson, b. — Nov. 1788, d. 22 Ap. 1790; Anson, b. 3 Dec. 1790; prob. Thomas
Elliott, b. about 1792, and bap. (adult) 2 Ap. 1820; David, b. — Mar. 1795,
d. 12 Nov. 1796. Thomas the f. d. about 1812; his w. Patience d. 5 Oct
1809, a. 40.
6. Benjamin, s. of Benjamin (3), m. Rebecca, dau. of James Wing, 31
May 1801, and had RusseU, b. 26 Feb. 1802; Hiram, b. 8 Dec. 1803 ; Ben
jamin P'ranklin, b. 9 Mar. 1810; Rebecca Wing, b. 80 Jan. 1814, d. 29 Oct
1814; Caroline, b. 30 Aug. 1816.
7. Anson, s. of Thoraas (6), ra. Harriet, dau. of Elijah Carpenter, 2 Sep.
1812, and had Thomas Dennis, b. 22 July 1813; Moses Dwight, b. 13 Oct
1815; Elijah Carpenter, b. 15 Sep. 1817; Elliott, b. 22 Mar. 1821; Lewis, b.
10 July 1823; Lucius, b. 14 Mar. 1826. Anson the f. was elected deacon
of the church 10 Mar. 1824, and rem. to Mendon, N. Y., about 1830.
AViNG, James, had w. Ruth, who d. about 1771, and he ra. Rebecca, dau.
of Capt. Benjamin AVUlis, 13 Aug. 1772. His chih were Sarah, b. 16 Feb.
1761, ra. Elijah Carpenter 1 Feb. 1784, d. 10 Jan. 1842; Lucy, b. 26 Nov.
1763, ra. Nathan Chandler of Rochester, Vt, pub. 16 Ap. 1786; Kezia, b. 19
Sep. 1766, m. Daniel Allen 20 Jan. 1791, and (2d) David Barnard ot Shel
burne, pub. 1 May 1815; Nathaniel, b. 3 Oct 1767, prob. d. young; Isaac, b.

WING — WINSLOW. 641
14 June 1770, prob. settled in Rochester, Vt, and m. Betsey, dau. ot David
AUen, 24 Jan. 1793; James, b. 6 Jufy 1773, m. Hannah Wetherbee ot Pet. 11
Ap. 1799; Benjamin, b. 22 Oct 1774, m. Rebecca Lee of Barre, pub. 9 Feb.
1801; Ruth, b. 28 July 1776, d. unm. at Springf. 2 Nov. 1864; Rebecca, bap.
4 July 1779, ra. Benjamin Winchester 31 May 1801; Molly, bap. 17 June
1781; John, bap. 29 June 1783; Enoch and Lina shared in the division of
their father's estate 22 Ap. 1796. James the f. res. on the turnpike, about a
mile and three quarters from the Coramon, at the place marked " Ruth
Wing" on the R. Map, where he d. 8 Jan. 1791 ; his w. Rebecca d. 21 Oct
1823, a. 79, having received aid frora the town for several years. '
Roger, of AViUiamsburg, m. Polly Dennis 24 May 1790; she d. here 17
Aug. 1790, a. 18.
AA'inslow, Kenelm, s. of Edward, and brother of Governor Edward of
Plymouth, was born in Droitwich, AA'orcestershire, England, 29 Ap. 1599, and
came to New England prob. in 1629; he res. in Plyraouth until about 1641,
when he rem. to Marshfield. He ra. Ellen, wid. of John Adams, and prob.
dau. ot  Newton, — June 1634, and had Kenelm, b. about 1636; Ellen, b.
about 1638, m. Sarauel Baker  1666, and d. 27 Aug. 1676; Nathaniel, b.
about 1639 ; Job, b. about 1641. Kenelm the t. was a. farmer and joiner.
He represented Jlarshfield in the General Court eight years, and held sundry
minor offices. He d. at Salem (where he had periiaps resorted for medical
aid, having long been sick) 12 Sep. 1672, a. 73. His w. Ellen d. at Marshf.
5 Dee 1681, a,. 83.
2. Kenelm, s. of Kenelm (1), settled in what is now Brewster, m. Mercy,
dau. ot Peter AA''arden of Yarmouth ; she d. 22 Sep. 1688, " in tbe 48th year
of her age," and he m. Damaris  , who survived hira. His chil. were
Kenelm, b. about 166 7, d. at Harwich (Brewster) 20 Mar. 1728-9, a. 61;
Josiah, b. 7 Nov. 1669, a captain, d. at Freetown 3 Ap. 1761 ; Thomas, b.
about 1672, d. 6 Ap. 1689, a. 16; Samuel, b. about 1674; Mercy, b. about
1676, m. Melatiah White of Rochester, and (2d) Thoraas Jenkins of Barn
stable before 22 Dec. 1716; Nathaniel, b. about 1678, res. in Rochester, Little
Compton, and Middleborough, and rem. to Maine; Edward, b. 30 Jan. 1681;
Damaris, b.  , ra. Jonathan Small of Harwich 30 July 1713 ; Elizabeth, b.
 , ra. Andrew Clark of Harwich 9 Aug. 1711; Eleanor, b.  , ra. Shubael
Hamlin of Barnstable 26 Mar. 1719; John, b. about 1701, a deacon of the
church in Rochester, where he d. about 1755. Kenelm the f. d. 11 Nov.
1715 "in the 79th year of his age," and his head-stone stands in a ceraetery
near his homestead, but within the easterly border of Dennis.
3. Nathaniel, s. ot Kenelra (1), m. Faith, dau. of Rev. John MiUer 3 Aug.
1664, and had Faith, b. 19 June 1665; Nathaniel, b. 29 July 1667; James, b.
16 Aug. 1669; Gilbert, b. 11 July 1673; Kenelm, b. 22 Sep. 1675; Eleanor, b.
2 July 1677, ra. John Jones; Josiah, b. 21 July 1681, buried 16 May 1682;
John, b. 13 Jan. 1683-4. Nathaniel the f. inherited the Marshfield horae
stead, was a captain, and representative in the General Court tour years. He
d. 1 Dee 1719, a. 80; his w. Faith d. 9 Nov. 1729, a. 84.
4. Job, s. of Kenelra (1), by w. Ruth, had William, b.  , d. s. p. shortly
before 8 Mar. 1757, when his will was proved; Richard, b.  , a physician,
d. 1727 or 1728; James, b. 9 May 1687; Mary, b. 1 Ap. 1689, prob. d. young;
George, b. 2 Jan. 1690-1; Jonathan, h. 22 Nov. 1692; Joseph, b.  ; John, b.
20 Feb. 1694-5; Elizabeth, b.  , ra. John Marshall. Job tbe f. settled in
Swansey, where his house was burned by the Indians at the commencement of
Philip's War; he then rem. to Freetown, where he was selectman in 1686, town
clerk in 1690, and representative in 1686 and 1692. Pie was also lieutenant
of miUtia, and d. 14 July 1,720, a. about 80; his w. Ruth survived.
5. Samuel, s. of Kenelm (2), m. Bethia Holbrook of Scituate 26 Sep. 1700;
she d.  , and he ra. Mercy King of Scituate 11 Nov. 1703 ; she d. 16 Feb.
1733, and he was pub. to Ruth Briggs 16 Sep. 1739. His chil. were Mercy, b.
16 Aug. 1705, ra. James Whitcorab 15 Aug. 1721, and d. 20 Sep. 1726 ; Eliza
beth, br29 Jan. 1706-7; Ann, b. 12 P'eb. 1708-9, ra. Roland Hararaond, pub. 1
May 1731 ; Thomas, b. 7 June 1711; Kenelm, b. 20 Feb. 1712-13; Judith, b. 8

542 AVINSLOW.
July 1716. Samuel the f. was eariy styled cordwainer, afterwards yeoman,
res. in Roch., and was deacon ot the church as early as 1710. He was living
18 June 1750, and prob. soon afterwards followed his sons to Hardwick.
6. Edward, s. of Kenelm (2), by w. Sarah, had Edward, b. 6 Nov. 1703, a
farmer and captain, inherited the homestead, m. Hannah, dau. ot his uncle
Kenelra Winslow of Harwich, 14 Dec. 1728; she d. 23 Sep. 1745, and he ra.
Rachel, dau. of his uncle Josiah Winslow of Freetown, 1 May 1746; she d. 28
Dec. 1766, and he ra. Mrs. Hannah Winslow of Digbton, pub. 9 Aug. 1767; he
d. 7 May 1780 (his dau. Hailnah, b. 6 May 1740, m. John Paige of Hardwick,
pub. 24 Dec. 1764); Mehetabel, b. 6 May 1705, ra. Col Thoraas Winslow, son
of her uncle, Kenelm Winslow ot Harwich, 12 Feb. 1722-3; Sarah, b. 
1707, m. Thomas Lincoln, who d. in Rochester 15 June 1730, and she ra. James
Whitcomb 31 May 1731, rem. to Western (Warren), and was living there 28
Feb. 1771; Lydia, b. 8 Sep. 1709, m. Deac. James Foster 10 July 1729, and
d. at Roch. 7 Jan. 1770 (her dau. Mary, b. 11 Ap. 1732, m. Col. Timothy Paige
of Hardwick 24 Oct 1754, and d. at N. Br. 21 July 1825, a. 93); Mercy, b. 1
Sep. 1712, ra. Chillingsworth Foster, Esq., of Harwich (Brewster) 10 Oct.
1730, and d. 25 Jan. 1757 ; Thankful, b. 2 Ap. 1715, ra. Josephus Hammond 10
Ap. 1735, and d. before 2 Oct 1768. Edward the f. res. in Roch., was a
farmer, and engaged in "the making and forging of iron;" he was selectman,
town clerk, town treasurer, justice of the peace and of thequoruni; he was
also raajor of railitia, and was generally designated by his military title. He
d. 26 June 1760; his w. Sarah d. 11 Oct 1767, a. 85.
7. Thomas, =. of Samuel (5), m. Rebecca Ewer of Barnstable 27 June 1734,
and had in Roch. Samuel, b. 6 Ap. 1735; Mercy, b. 19 Aug. 1736, prob. m.
Jonathan Farr 19 Jan. 1757; Rebecca, b. 23 Jan. 1737-8, ra. Dr. Challis Safford
10 July 1765 ; Shubael, b. 20 Sep. 1739, a soldier in the French War; Thomas,
b. 11 July 1741 ; Judith, b. 19 Mar. 1743, ra. Edward Goodspeed 19 Oct 1764;
Nathaniel, b. 6 Oct 1744 ; Thankful, b. 4 May 1746, d. young ; Hannah, b. 19 ,
Jan. 1748, prob. ra. Benjamin Fish of Gr. 16 Aug. 1770; Kenelm, b. 5 Ap.
1749; Thankful, b. 2 Sep. 1750; Jonathan, b. 3 May 1752; and at Hardwick,
Bethia, bap. 18 Nov. 1753; Lucy, bap. 26 May 1755; John, bap. 15 Oct. 1758.
Thomas the f. rem. from Rochester to Hk. about 1762, and at a later period
to Pomfret, Vt, where he d. 13 Mar. 1782; his w. Rebecca d. 22 Oct 1787.
8. Kenelm, s. ot Samuel (6), ra. Elizabeth Clapp of Roch. 21 June 1734,
and had Kenelm, b. 19 Ap. 1736, d. young; Elizabeth, b. 4 May 1737, m. Philip
Spooner of Pet 26 Dec. 1755; Ann, b. 29 July 1739, m.  Dalryraple;
Mary, b. 14 Oct 1741, m.  Whitney; Susanna, b. 8 Ap. 1743, ra. 
Peckhara; Kenelm, b. 11 Dec. 1746 ; Ebenezer, b. 8 Sep. 1749; John Clapp, b.
27 Mar. 1762, prob. d. young; Rhoda, b. 25 Jan. 1754, ra.  Whitney; Dor
cas, b. 10 May 1756, d. young; Dorcas, b. 7 Nov. 1758. The naraes of all the
children, except the first, are entered on the Hardwick records ; but most of
them were prob. b. in Rochester, from which place Kenelm the f . rem. to Hk.
about 1749, and res. on the easterly road to Gilbertville between the present
residence ot Capt. Orin Trow and Mr. Charles Mandell About 1758 he rem.
to Pet, and was an inn-keeper many years. In his will, dated 5 Ap. 1775,
and proved 6 May 1777, his wife Elizabeth and eight children, are men
tioned. 9. Samuel, s. of Thomas (7), m. Martha Goodspeed of Barns. 12 June
1760, and had Ebenezer, b. 23 Ap. 1761; Elizabeth, b. 1 Mar. 1763. Samuel
tbe f. soon afterwards rem. from Hardwick, had several more children, and d.
at Pomfret, Vt, 20 Oct 1800; his w. Martha d. 9 Mar. 1813, a. 74.
10. Seth, grandson ot Nathaniel (3), and s. ot Jaraes who d. at Rochester
about 1733, was b. at Plymouth in 1699, ra. AbigaU Whittredge 23 Oct 1729,
and had at Rochester Nathaniel, b. 18 Aug. 1731; Mary, b. 18 Oct 1733,
prob. ra. James Fay, Jr., 18 Mar. 1756 ; Seth, b. 20 Feb. 1735, a soldier in the
P"' rench War, and also in the War of the Revolution, and perhaps the same who
m. Mary Church ot Gr. 23 Nov. 1776 ; he was living here 11 Nov. 1794, when
he sold land formerly belonging to his father; James, b. 1 June 1740; also
(born here) Hannah, b. 9 July 1744; Bathsheba, b. 20 June 1747, d. 25 Mar.

WINSLOW — WOOD. 548
1748; Bathsheba, b. 6 Ap. 1749, d. 16 Ap. 1749; Thomas, b. 18 July 1750;
Charity, b. 27 Ap. 1752, m. Darius Rice of Gr. 7 Dee 1780; Job, bap. 11 Aug.
1754, m. Margaret Cooley of Gr. 27 July 1780; Sarah, b. 9 Sep. 1755, m.
James Cleland of Gr. 19 Aug. 1779. Seth the f. was a brazier, came here
about 1744, and res. on the road leading from. Ruggles Hill to the MandeU
place on the turnpike.
11. Ezra (a descendant from Job (4), through Richard of Freetown, b.
about 1685, and Hezekiah ot P'reetown, b. 9 Dec. 1713), was b. 10 May 1751,
jn. Rosamond, dau. ot Thomas Spooner of New London, and had Thomas, b.
 ; Susan, b.  , m. Abel Babbitt; Alice, bap. 16 Nov. 1777, m. Clark
Dexter 16 Oet 1796; Joseph, bap. 27 Aug. 1780; Ezra, bap. 16 Mar. 1783, a
joiner, d. at AVare 27 Mar. 1867; Rosamond, b.  1785, d. 13 Sep. 1803, a.
18, reputed to have been very beautiful and amiable; George Rex, b. 
1788, a blacksmith, d. at AVare 30 Oct. 1862. Ezra the f. carae to Hk. about
1776, and res. between the two roads to GUbertville, at the place raarked
"J. Monroe" on the R. Map. He was thrown from a horse and killed 12
Aug. 1789 ; his w. Rosamond m. Richard Ransom of Woodstock, Vt., pub. 26
Nov. 1801.
12. Job, prob. brother of Ezra (11), m. Lydia Melvin (or Melville), and had
Timothy, Job, Melvin, Nancy (d. 13 Ap. 1790, n. 7), and Jane, all bap. 30 Aug.
1789. The mother, styled a widow, rera. to Barnard, Vt, before 28 Oct.
1810. 13. Joseph W., by w. Sarah Jane, had Edwin, b. 16 Nov. 1872; George
Frederick,b. 7 Feb. 1874, d. young; George Frederick, h. 24 Feb. 1876; Alice I.,
h. 26 Dec. 1878 ; Ralph Henry, b. 2 Oct. 1880, and d. 30 Aug. 1881.
Hannah, of Gr., ra. Thomas Ruggles 19 July 1778. Abigail, ra. Abisha
Rice ot Gr. 20 Feb. 1 782. Joanna, m. Phineas Meigs of Sunderland 3 Aug.
1783. Rebecca, ot Barre, m. Moses Hunt, Jr., pub. 20 Oct. 1805. Dolly,
ot Ware, ra. Reuel Terry, pub. 15 Dec. 1810. Claramond, ra. John Hatha
way, pub. 10 Nov. 1823. Seth, of Barre, ra. Mrs. Mary Allen, pub. 22 Oct
1826. David L., of Barre, ra. Mercy H. Dexter 22 Mar. 1837.
Winter, James, of Shutesbury, ra. Lucia Aiken 6 Dec. 1826. William,
m. OHve Hudson 5 June 1831. Clarissa, m. Danforth Trask, pub. 23 Mar.
1833. Melinda H., ra. Joel Dwight Mandell, pub. 28 June 1851. Olive
A., m. Elijah H. Marsh of Montague 24 July 1862.
Winterbottom, George, by w. Euphemia, had Euphemia, b. 21 Sep.
1872; Alice, b. 1 Sep. 1873; John, b. 20 Dec. 1874 ; Eva, b. 12 Jan. 1880, d.
25 Aug. 1880.
Annie, m. Edward Parker, Jr., 1 Nov. 1877. Thomas, m. Mary L. C.
Pelletier 6 Dec. 1881.
Wiswell, Joseph, by w. Emily, had Joseph, b. 30 Sep. 1864.
Mrs. Susan (dau. ot Samuel Bartholomew), d. 11 Feb. 1869, a. 80, or 81.
Wood (or Woods), David, ra. Martha Wheeler of Marlb., pub. 11 Feb.
1743-4, and had Mary, b. 10 Nov. 1745; Benjamin, b. 20 Sep. 1747 ; Peisis,
b. 25 June 1 749 ; David, bap. 6 Feb. 1 753.
¦2. Joseph, by w. Tabitha, had Moses and Olive, both bap. 14 Sep. 1746.
3. James, m. Anne Stephens of Marib., pub. 6 Oct 1747, and had Lydia,
b. 16 Sep. 1748; Sarah, bap. 3 Feb. 1750-1.
4. Jacob, by w.  , had Josiah and Esther, hoth bap. 14 Aug. 1749.
5. AVilliam, m. Polly Nye 15 Nov. 1798, and had Mary, b. 14 Aug. 1799;
WiUiam Merrick, b. 17 Aug. 1801.
6. Hiram M., ra. Susan A. BrimhaU 18 Aug. 1840, and had Mary Jane,
b. 13 Auo. 1843; Abby Almira, b. 18 July 1851.
7. Liberty, by w. AUce, had Horace Taylor, b. 5 Feb. 1848; Mary Eliza,
b. 14 Ap. 1850. ^ ,
8. Charles, m. Sarah C. Spooner 21 Aug. 1851, and had John Grover, b.
23 June 1858.
9. Patrick, by w. Rose Ann, had James, b. 19 Feb. 1873.
Naoma, of Northfield, m. Thoraas Wells White, pub. 14 Oct 1764. Aaron,
of Gr., m. Sarah Bridge  1786. Lydia, of N. Br., m. David AUen 22

544 WOOD — WYATT.
Jan. 1795. Nathaniel, ra. Mrs. Elizabeth Stearns 17 Nov. 1805. Chand
ler, m. Polly Pike 19 Feb. 1806. Mary, ra. Sarauel Ciark of Pet 13 Mar.
1817. Patience G., m. Alfred W. Coffin of Palmer 16 Nov. 1831. Lucin
da, m. Zenas H. Dexter 28 Aug. 1837. Loring F., ot N. Br., m. Mary P.
Webb, pub. 5 Sep. 1839. Eliza C, ra. Aretas D. Gilbert of AV. Brk., pub. 4
May 1844. Sarah F., m. Asahel B. Lamson, pub. 1 Dee 1861. Harriet,
of Enf., m. Suraner L. F. Dart, pub. 18 Feb. 1864. George, of N. Br., ra.
E. Augusta Fay 6 Feb. 1862. Josephine, m. Jefferson Murphy 31 Mar.
1872. Charles W., of Wore, m. Charlotte E. AVetherell 13 June 1872.
Andrew, Jr., ra. Mary Billings 2 Feb. 1873. Carrie E., m. Theodore
Manning of Wore 19 Jan. 1875. Nabby, w. of Nathaniel, d. 18 Sep. 1804,
a. 28. Asahel (colored), d. 16 Dec. 1822, a. 73.
Woodbury, Mary,™. Eleazar Packard 9 June 1769. Molly, dau. ot
Hannah, bap. 16 Sep. 1770.
Woodward, Stephen, of Pet., m. Molly Sibley 13 May 1777. Seth, of
Pet., ra. Ruth Ayers 25 Aug. 1778. Benjamin, ra. Mrs. Molly Woodward 17
Jan. 1783. Joel, of Pet., ra. Nancy Coraee 17 Aug. 1796. Huldah, of Pet.,
m. Jonathan Robinson, pub. 30 Oct. 1808. Rebecca, ot Ware, ra. Edmund
Rogers, pub. 24 Jan. 1820. Lucy M., in. Henry H. Granger 30 Mar. 1837.
Eleanor (a widow, prob. mother of Huldah, who m. Jonathan Robinson), d.
20 Sep. 1817, a. 74. Eliza, of Ware, d. 10 Sep. 1831, a. 32. Andrew A.,
d. 5 July 1867, a. 6.
Worden, Abigail, of Pet, ra. Joseph GoodeU 15 Aug. 1780. Samuel,
of Pet., ra. Betsey Sibley 30 June 1785.
Wright, James, ra. Mary, dau. ot John Hunt, 18 June 1766, and had
Rhoda, bap. 16 Dee 1777. His w. Mary d. 3 Oct. 1779, a. 33.
2. Thomas Martin, brother of Jaraes (1), m. Elizabeth, dau. of Tiraothy
Newton, 19 Dec. 1776; she d. at Barnard, 22 (or 23) Sep. 1800, a. nearly 43,
and he ra. Sarah Black 2 Sep. 1801. His chil. were Orpha, b. 4 Mar. 1779;
Elizabet.h,b. 21 (or 22) Sep. 1780; and at Barnard, Sarah, b. 16 Feb. 1783;
James, b. 14 Aug. 1785; Asenath, b. 4 Mar. 1788. Thomas Martin the f.
was a Revolutionary soldier, rera. to Barnard about 1782, and d. there 22
May 1839, a. 88.
,'<',3. Silas, brother ot Jaraes (1), ra. Mercy Hayford 15 Feb. 1781, and
had Bathsheba, h. 9 Aug. 1781.
4. Gershom P., m. Arathusa M. Robinson of Barre, pub. 10 Feb. 1849,
and had Arloa Malvina, b. 6 Jan. 1850; Frank Phinney, b. 21 Sep. 1852.
Mary, in. Capt. Daniel Warner 31 May 1758. Azariah, of Westminster,
m. Mary Safford 29 June 1762. Patience, mother ot Jaraes (1), m. John
Hunt 26 Dec. 1765. Huldah, s-ister of Jaraes (1), m. Southworth Jenkins,
ot Rut Dist. (Barre), 15 Nov. 1770. Elihu, of Westrainster, Vt, ra. Betsey
Wheeler 28 Nov. 1799. Joseph, ra. Polly Phelps n Nov. 1852. Persis, m.
Nathan W. Robinson 5 Jan. 1863. Charles, d. 18 Nov. 1797, a. 67. Thank
ful, w. ot Gad, d. 1 Jan. 1862, a. 82. Gad (b. at Brk.), d. 21 or 22 Sep.
1868, a. 84. ^ '^
Wrin, John, by w. Honora, had Honora, b. 25 Nov. 1868; Johanna, h. 22
Dec. 1859 ; John, b. 27 Dec. 1861; Bridget, h. 1 P'eb. 1864; Caroline, b. 5 June
1868; WUliam, b. 4 Dee 1875.
2. Humphrey, m. Margaret Donahoe, pub. 11 Nov. 1859, and had Cor
nelius, b. 26 May 1862; Patricks, b. 29 Ap. 1865; Johanna, b. 8 Oct 1866;
Michael, b. 6 Ap. 1868.
3. John, by w. Julia, bad Margaret, b. 31 Aug. 1864.
4. John, by w. Catherine, had John, b. 13 June 1872; Cliarles,b. 8 Feb.
1874 ; Delia, b. 4 Sep. 1877 ; George Francis, b. 1 Mar. 1880.
CoRNELias, ra. Margaret Kelly, pub. 8 Nov. 1856. Bridget, m. Daniel.
Breen, pub. 9 July 1862. Humphrey, ra. Mary Buckley, pub. 6 Ap. 1864.
Hannah (dau. ot John), d. 15 Mar. 1859, a. 4 months. Cornelius (b. in Ire
land), d. 11 Jan. 1870, a. 50. Mary (b. Ire.), d. unm. 17 Feb. 1871, a. 56.
John (b. Jre.), d. 20 July 1873, a. 86.
Wyatt, David, ra. Drusilla Robinson of Barre 9 Jan. 1873.

WYMAN — NOTE ON THE MIXTERS. 545
Wyman, Amos H., by w. Lucy L., had Amos Hiram, b. 19 Auo-. 1839 •
Henry Thomas, b. 27 Feb. 1841; Lucy Elvira, b. 3 (or 4) Sep. 1843°; Sarah
Jane, b. 19 Ap. 1850, m. Zenas W. Tolman of Gr. 80 Sep. 1866, and prob.
(2d) Alanson RamsdeU 4 June 1874. Amos H.the f. d. 18 June 1882 a 74
Thomas, d. 10 Feb. 1854, a. 78. Henry, d. 22 Oct 1864, a. 23.
Yarrington, William N., m. Eleanor, dau. of Stephen Morton, 19 May
1836; she d. 16 May 1855, a. 47. r , j

NOTE ON THE MIXTERS.
The early generations of the Mixter Family are displayed by Bond in his
Watertown Genealogies. The name was formerly written Mixer. The
line of descent to the Hardwick branch of the family, inadvertently omitted
in its proper place, is here inserted : —
Mixter (or Mixer), Isaac, "aged 81, w. Sarah, a. 83, and son Isaac,
aged 4 years, embarked at Ipswich, Eng., for New England, Ap. 10 1634."
He was "admitted freeman. May 2 1638." His chil were Isaac, b. in Eno
land,  1630 ; Sarah, b.  , m. John Stearns, and d. 4 June 1656. Isaac
the f. res. in Watertown, was selectman 1651 and 1655. He "owned one
quarter of the vessel Diligent, then at sea, whereof John Shepherd, under
God, was master." He d. between 8 May and 19 June 1655; his w. Sarah d.
24 Nov. 1681.
2. Isaac, s. of Isaac (1), m. Mary Coolidge 19 Sep. 1655; she d. 2 Mar.
1659-60, and he m. Rebecca Garfield 10 Jan. 1660-1 ; she d. 16 Mar. 1682-3,
and he ra. Mary, wid. of William French, Esq.,  1687. His chU. were
numerous: Mary, b. 18 May 1656, m. George Munnings; Sarah, b. 28 Oct.
1657, m. Samuel Hagar; Rebecca, b. 9 Mar. 1661-2, m. Samuel KendaU;
Isaac, h. about 1668; Elizabeth,b. 18 June 1665, d. 19 Mar. 1665-6; Joanna,
b. 14 Dec. 1666, m. Joseph Harrington 7 Nov. 1688; John, b. 5 Mar. 1668-9;
George, b. 20 Jan. 1670-1; Abigail, b. — Nov. 1672, m. Samuel Howe 11
Dee 1690; Joseph, b. 9 Aug. 1674; Daniel, b. 12 Feb. 1675-6; Mehetabel, b.
25 Jan. 1678, d. 22 Nov. 1678; Benjamin, b. 23 May 1679; Dorothy, b. 2 Sep.
1680, m. Williara Davis 12 Jan. 1710 ; David, h. 6 Aug. 1683. Isaac the f.
"was selectman many times, 1673 to 1701, and town clerk 1692." He res.
in Watertown, andd. 22 Nov. 1716, a. 86; his w. Mary "was living 1735,
very aged."
3. Joseph, s. of Isaac (2), ra. Anne Jones, and had Rebecca, b. 22 Feb.
1704, d. 21 Mar. 1704; Joseph, h. 14 Dec. 1705; Sarah, b. 12 Mar. 1707-8,
m. David Learned; Lydia, b. 10 June 1710, m. Thomas Warren; David, b.
and d. in July 1713; Maf-y, h. 26 Oct. 1714, m. David Coolidge; Josiah, h.
16 Nov. 1716; Anna, h. 14 Aug. 1719, m. Isaac Rice; Abigail, b. 26 June
1721, m. Benjamin Bond. Joseph the f. res. in Watertown, was deacon of
the church, and treasurer of the West Precinct.
4. Josiah, s. of Joseph (3), m. Mary Garfield, 7 Aug. 1740 ; she d.  , and
he m. Mrs. Sarah Mead 10 Ap. 1754. His chU. were Mary, b. 5 June 1741;
Samuel, b. 7 Aug. 1743 ; Josiah, b. 8 Ap. 1745, d. in Lincoln 3 Dee 1815 ; Ann,
b. 8 July 1747; Mary, b. 18 Oct 1749; Sarah, b. 16 Dee 1754, m. Jonathan
Hagar; Persis, b. 6 Nov. 1756, ra. John Perry; Eunice, b. 8 Mar. 1760, ra.
Alpheus Bigelow; Lois, b. 12 Sep. 1762, m. 'Thomas Livermore, and (2d)
Thomas Sanderson; Elijah, b. 9 June 1764, d. 6 Oct 1792; Lydia, b. 18
Mar. 1766, m. Joel Wellington; Daniel, b. 26 Ap. 1769. Josiah the f. res. in
Waltham, and was selectman three years, 1768-1770.
5. Samuel, s. of Josiah (4), m. Elizabeth, dau. of Jason Bigelow of Brook
field, and had Jason, Samuel, and five daughters, as already stated more par
ticularly on page 423. Through Rebecca, wife of Isaac (2), and Mary, wife of
Josiah (4), this family appears to have a double share of the Garfield blood,
which became so illustrious in the person of the martyred President, whose
ancestors were inhabitants of Watertown.
35

CONCLUSION.

On examination of the foregoing Genealogical Register, it
will be observed that many of the very early inhabitants of
Hardwick came from widely distant towns, yet in groups of
relatives and friends. The largest group, under the influence
of Rev. Timothy Ruggles, came from the Old Colony, notably
from Rochester, Dartmouth, Sandwich, Harwich (including
Brewster), and Eastham. Another company was from Hamp
shire County, especially from Hatfield, with whom came the
first Pastor of the Church, and the progenitors of General
Warner. Another group, under the leadership of Captain Sam
uel Robinson, came from Grafton, Westborough, Southborough,
Shrewsbury, and other towns in that section of the county, more
or less connected with each other by the ties of blood and mar
riage. A smaller number came with Deacon Christopher Paige,
from Bedford, Concord, Littleton, and other towns in that re
gion. And, finally, a somewhat numerous and active class came
with Captain Eleazar Warner from Brookfield, the only town
except Rutland which was then organized in this immediate
neighborhood. The names of families coming here from each
town have been sufficiently designated in the Register, and need
not be repeated. It may be added, that the members of these
several groups generally clustered around each other in their
habitations ; and some of the early controversies in the town,
concerning meeting-houses and other public conveniences, may
have a more than merely local interpretation.

INDEX OF NAMES-

Abbott, 36, 8, 52, 158, 9, 76,
225-9, 63, 7, 315.
Abercrombie, 81, 183, 266.
Adams, 67, 9, 78, 83, 253, 81.
Aiken, 34, 8, 45, 50, 6, 153,
9, 169, 232, 63-8, 71, 3, 6,
7, 86, 91, 7, 313, 17, 18.
Alden, 286.
Aldrich. 257.
Allen, 24, 34-8, 55, 65, 83,
' 87-90, 101, 13, 16, 21, 3,
41,9, 59, 73,6,9,81-90,3,
206, 7, 19, 26, 43, 9, 50, 65,
89, 91, 4, 5, 307, 13-19.
Amherst, 266.
Amidon, 34, 40, 2, 208, 19,
77, 95.
Anav, 17.
Anderson, 47, 145, 291, 313,
14, 16, 18.
Andrews, 38.
Andrewson, 47.
Anogomog (Indian), 15, 17.
Appleton, 1.99.
Arnold, 297.
Ashlev, 181.
Atwood, 228, 65, 87, 95.
Auchmuty, 22.
Ayers, 11, 40, 148, 253, 68.
Babbitt, 230, 70, 4, 95.
Bachelor, 295.
Backus, 199.
Bacon, 264, S, 85.
Badcock, 264.
Bailej', 273, 8.
Baker, 102.
Baldwin, 138.
Ballon, 232.
Bangs, 269, 71, 95, 7.
Banti, 284.
Barlow, 83, 116, 231, 76, 315.
Barnard, 55, 278.
Barnes, 33, 9, 132, 231, 8, 64,
83, 6, 7.
Barr, 36, 40, 2, 249, 68.
Barrett, 36, 8, 42, 146.
Barrows, 259.
Bartholomew, 238, 87, 310,
14, 16, 18.
Bascom, 207.
Bassett, 161, 271, 4, 8, 9B.
Batchelder, 271.
Bathsheba (slave), 180.
Beach, 233.

Beals, 149, 253, 5, 6, 74, 90,
7, 309, 16.
Beckwtth, 241, 2, 53.
Beecher, 236.
Belcher, 23.
Belding, 277.
Belknap, 254.
Benedict, 245.
Benjamin, 146, 267, 8.
Bennett, 34.
Bernard, 77.
Berry, 313, 16, 18.
Bigelow, 284.
Billings, 39, 50, 83, 7, 90,
132, 41, 69, 83, 208, 38, 41,
55, 64-72, 4, 7-9, 90, 1, 5,
7, 308, 13-19.
Bisbe, 233.
Blackington, 159.
Blackmer, 255.
Blair, 36, 264, 5, 8.
Blake, 147, 9, 52, 238, 309.
Blanchard, 295.
Bliss, 309.
Blodgett, 199, 207.
Blood, 277.
Blunt, 264.
Bolster, 146.
Bond, 159.
Bonnev, 309.
Boston, 161, 279.
Botham, 283.
Bourn, 268.
Bowdoin, 126, 7, 30, 1, 3, 4,
40.
Bowen, 230, 91.
Bowker, 268.
Bowman, 66, 273, 95, 7.
Boyden, 271.
Boynton, 277.
Bradford, 108.
Bradhurst, 17.
Bradish, 83, 4, 108, 86, 219,
26, 49, 95, 313, 15.
Bradshaw, 159.
Bradv, 185.
Breckenridge, 20, 228, 9.
Brewer, 285.
Bridge, 268, 97.
Brigham, 284.
Brimhall, 135, 79.
Brown, 121, 64, 220, 31, 42,
55, 8, 84.
Browning, 316, 18.
Brownson, 55.

Bruce, 238, 64, 68, 92.
Brvant, 135.
Buck, 34.
Butfon, 254.
Burgovne, 273, 5.
Burgess, 235, 78, 9, 92.
Burnham, 228.
Burr, 21, 22.
Burt, 170, 231, 316, 18.
Butler, 269, 70.
Butterfield, 268, 87.
Buttrick, 257.
Bvam, 66, 277, 97.
Byram, 56, 276.
Csesaj- (slave), ISl.
Call, 65, 6.
Cameron, 288.
Campbell, 231, 79, 83, 99.
Canady, 295.
Cannon, 42, 146, 80, 318.
Cararj-, 34.
Carpenter, 34, 8, 42, 50, 135,
46, 76, 220, 40, 9, 53, 64,
7-9, 74, 95.
Caul, 55, 6.
Chaddock, 149.
Chaloner, 2S9, 76, 95.
Chamberlain, 159, 230, 2, 42,
66, 69-71, 3, 6, 8, 97, 308.
Chandler, 24, 9, 34, 9, 93,
219, 53, 61, 85, 95.
Chapin, 138.
Chaplin, 84, 205.
Chase, 268, 92.
Cheedle, 55.
Childs, 135, 219, 271, 7.
Chipman, 295.
Chittenden, 55.
Church, 34, 9, 42, 6, 176, 265,
7 9 71.
Clark,' 24, 132, 5, 6, 8, 254,
$7, 9, 95, 7, 310.
Cleveland, 83, 230, 84-6, 95,
7, 317.
Clifford, 135.
Cobb, 33, 150, 233, 66-9, 77,
86, 90, 1, 7.
Cobleigh, 47, 264, 5.
Coburn, 130, 283.
Coleborn, 11.
Collins, 83, 102, 231, 97, 314,
15.
Colton, 20, 139.
Comee, 288.

548

INDEX OF NAMES.

Conant, 92, 149, 278, 97.
Conkev, 92, 152, 286.
Convers, 127, 8, 36, 81, 93,
263, 9, 71,95.
Cook, 34, '215.
Cooper, 13, 50, 146, 84, 6,
219, 26, 49, 315, 17, 18.
Cox, 56, 170, 267, 89, 95.
Cov, 11, 27.
Crafts, 195, 6, 209.
Croff, 231.
Crosby, 207, 33, 71.
Crosley, 215, 35.
Crossman, 271.
Crowell, 56, 205, 71, 4, 7, 8,
97.
Cummings, 159, 268, 74, 88,
97.
Curtis, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 16, 18,
30, 4, 56, 159, 268, 97.
Cushing, 273.
Cushman, 274.
Cutler, 34, 126, 32, 49, 206,
7, 40-2, 52, 3," 8, 80, 91,
307, 13-19.
Damon, 213.
Dana 199.
Danforth, 92, 95-106, 49, 58,
291, 2, 5, 316, 18.
Davenport, 24.
Davice, 132.
Davis, 18, 34, 132, 52, 283,
8.
Day, 132.
Dean, 56, 232, 69, 71, 4, 9,
85, 95, 7, 316, 18.
Delano, 168, 258.
Dennis, 135, 276, 9, 86, 313-
17.
Dennv, 132, 55.
Devlin, 285.
Dexter, 67, 83, 104, 21, 3, 35,
6, 41, 59, 69, 94, 219, 52,
3, 65-71, 4, 89, 90, 4, 5,
312, 16.
Dickinson, 310.
Doane, 228, 264, 5.
Dodd, 255.
Doddrida;e, 265.
Dodds, 152.
Doolittle, 159, 71, 93, 241, 95,
316.
Doty, 132, 266, 71, 6, 8, 9,
95.
Douglass, 34, 9, 286.
Draper, 16-20, 30, 4, 174.
Dudley, 16, 24, 5, 30,, 4, 7.
Dummer, 24.
Dunn, 283.
Dunsmore, 269, 74.
Dunster, 185.
Dwire, 297.
Earl, 276, 92.
Eastman, 240, 53, 312, 14-
16, 19.
Eaton, 217, 25, 55, 6.
Eddy, 272.
Edes,. 74.
Edson,. 21, 2, 277.
Edmands, 284.
Edwards, 183, 225.

Egery, 83, 121, 41, 263, 79,
91, 316.
Ellis, 264.
Elwell, 135, 59, 230, 1, 67, 9,
77, 8, 86, 97.
Emmons, 284.
Ernst, 283.
Estabrook, 132.
Evans, 271.
Eyres, 11.
Farlow, 11.
Farr, 50, 159, 65, 8, 278.
Fa.ssett, 52, 5, 228.
Fay, 31, 50, 3-6, 83, 8, 92, 3,
132, 59, 88, 217, 25, 28-32,
40, 1, 9, 53, 64-74, 77-9,
90, 1, 5-7, 314-18.
Felt, 114.
Field, 149, 62, 228, 30, 8, 42,
74, 97.
Fish, 219, 316.
Fisher, 138.
Fiske, 50, 199, 207, 28. 49.
Fhigg, 135, 233, 57, 90, 6.
Fletcher, 240, 71, 314.
Flint, 261.
Forbes, 295.
Forbush, 269, 71, 3, 7, 97.
Foreland, 277.
Forsyth, 255.
Foster, 180, 1, 91, 9, 207, 20,
67, 72, 80, 315, 17, 18.
Fowler, 138.
Fraker, 297.
Franklin, 254.
Freeman, 55, 6, 135, 59, 84,
249,55,66-70,4,7,90,5,6.
Freiker, 271.
French, 11, 132, 255, 71, 93,
7.
Frink, 182.
Frothingham, 83, 221-3.
Fuller, 217, 67, 69.
Gage, 81, 94, 209.
Gale, 131, 6.
Gamblin, 16, 18, 29, 34, 179,
80.
Gardner, 16-18, 29, 34, 90,
6, 102, 3.
Gatchell, 36, 40, 265.
Gerry, 282.
Gibbs, 264.
Giffin, 271, 4, 8, 97.
Gilbert, 145, 64, 231, 6, 7,
68, 64, 8, 74, 6, 91, 4, 7,
306-7, 16.
Gill, 74, 102. >
Gillett, 36, 40, 2, 176.
Gilmore, 277.
Gilson, 34.
Gitchell, .36, 40, 265.
Glazier, 159, 231, 2, 66, 7, 71,
Gleason, 135, 238, 42, 55,
313.
Goddard, 266.
Goldsburv, 106, 63, 73, 211,
62,61.
Goldthright, 34.
Goodspeed, 26.1, 9, 71, 4, 80,
96.

Gordon, 236.
Gore, 285.
Gorham, 104, 35, 53, 66-72,
4, 6, 8, 9, 96.
Gould, 316, 17.
Granger, 233, 87, 8.
Gray, 90, 5, 8, 102, 3.
Green, 18-20, 76, 264, 7, 75.
Greenleaf, 126.
Greenough, 310.
Greenwood, 261.
Grib, 288.
Gridley, 78.
Griffin, 34, 7.
Griffith, 34, 7, 8, 315.
Grosh, 233.
Gurney, 236.
Hack, 288.
Haldimand, 53, 54.
Hale, 132.
Hall, 55, 132, 225, 54, 5.
Hamilton, 257.
Hammond, 46, 159. 254, 84.
Hancock, 67, 89, 140.
Hanmer, 132, 270, 97.
Hapgood, 11.
Harding, 207, 10.
Hardwicke, 41.
Harmon, 263, 316, 19.
Harper, 286.
Harrington, 36, 40, 5, 268,
77, 309, 18.
Harris, 135, 275.
Harwood, 34, 52, 159, 225, 8,
9.
Haskell, 24, 5, 30, 4, 6, 40, 2,
7, 56, 7, 83, 90, 121, 35, 46,
66, 74, 220, 30, 2, 8, 67-72,
4, 6, 8, 96, 316.
Haskins, 135, 278, 92.
Hastings, 83, 116, 23, 253,
66-71, 4, 9, 90, 6, 312-17.
Hatch, 91, 159, 88, 267, 77,
8, 97, 316.
Hathawav, 230, 1, 76.
Haven, 242.
Hawes, 47.
Hayford, 277.
Hazeltine, 87, 127, 31, 6, 41,
61, 267-70, 4, 89, 96.
Hedge, 159, 238. 49, 67-72,
4, 8, 96, 315, 17.
Hemenway, 257.
Henderson, 266.
Hickey, 288.
Higgins, 47, 101, 70, 226, 30,
2, 68-71, 4, 88, 97.
Hill, 154, 284.
Hillman, 144.
Hinds, 149, 268.
Hinkley, 149, 233, 52-55, 8,
68, 77, 90, 6, 314-19.
Hitchcock, 239, 58.
Hodges, 56, 269, 73, 4, 8, 9,
96.
Holden, 277.
Holland, 257.
Holman, 136, 272, 9.
Holt, 169, 73, 96-206, 52, 3.
Homer, 286.
Hopkins, 135, 202, 38, 77, 97.
Houghtra, 250.

INDEX OF NAMES.

649

Hovey, 33, 42.
Howard, 231, 96.
Howe, 24, 125, 49, 268, 71,
87, 316.
Hovt, 132, 237, 93.
Hulibard, 254, 8.
Hudson, 269, 97.
Hull, 280.
Hume, 254.
Hunt, 34, 5, 9, 152, 9, 267,
71, 4, 6, 7, 84, 90, 7.
Hunter, 287.
Hutchinson, 4-6, 9-11, 24,
59, 65, 77, 83, 254.
Huxford, 277.
Hyde, 20.
Ingersole, 35.
Jackson, 254.
James (Indian), 16, 17, 26.
Jefferson, 280-2.
Jenkins, 257, 91.
Jenks, 290.
Jenney, 253, 74, 6, 7, 90, 1,
Jennings, 52, 4, 229.
Jennison, 36.
Jewell, 215, 35.
Johnson, 38, 83, 135, 41, 4,
76, 80, 226,, 30, 57, 74-7,
86, 90, 6, 7, 316-18.
Jones, 92, 126, 231, 2, 61.
Jordan, 35, 9, 159, 233, 49,
64, 5, 9, 71, 4, 96.
Joslyn, 237.
Judson, 194, 5.
June, 277.
Junius, 265.
Keehood (Indian), 9.
Keith, 173-5, 296.
Kekquoquau (Indian), 15, 25-
7.
Kellogg, 138, 96.
Kelly, 149.
Kendall, 318.
Kenedy, 132.
Kennon, 284.
Kidder, 176.
King, 21, 2, 255, 86.
Kingman, 211.
Kinney, 269, 71, 96.
Kinslev, 124, 35, 40, 1, 312,
13, 15, 19.
Knight, 258, 85, 6, 313, 14,
19.
Knowlton, 83, 264, 5, 77, 96,
7, 315.
Knox, 240, 91, 314-16.
Laflin, 310.
Lamb, 16-19, 21, 2, 9, 31, 4,
5,7.
Lamberton, 232.
Lamson, 232.
Lathe, 232.
Lawrence, 104, 35, 59, 230,
67, 9, 77, 83, 92, 6, 317.
Lawton, 56, 126, 49, 238, 53-
6, 69, 72, 6, 90, 2, 6, 7,
316.
Leach, 277, 96.

Lee, 29, 161, 207, 57, 79, 91.
Lemoine, 278.
Leonard, 34-6, 83, 8, 228, 68,
9, 74, 6, 8, 9, 97, 316, 16.
Lewis, 283.
Lincoln, 6, 80, 9, 119, 21, 2,
31-4,41.
Locke, 83, 7, 269, 89, 96,
317.
Loring, 271, 97.
Luce, 136, 270, 7, 91, 6.
Luddington, 139.
Lunt, 284.
Lvman, 133.
Lynde, 242, 313, 14.
Lyon, 297.
Lyscom, 267, 73, 97.
Maccoy, 35, 8, 46, 168, 317.
Madison, 280, 2.
Magoun, 20.
Magus (Indian), 15-19, 26,
31.
Maher, 285.
Mahoney, 288.
Mahtaunkaumut (Indian),
Mandell, 47, 50, 70, 82, 3. 7,
90, 1, 101, 47, 9, 188, 9,
233, 8, 62, 8, 9, 71, 7, 89,
91, 2, 4, 7, 312-19.
Manly, 317, 18.
Mann, 218, 67, 317, 18.
Marapin, 278.
Marble, 268, 77.
Marsh, 35, 149, 68, 79, 231,
65, 78, 83.
Marshall, 251.
Marston, 152.
Mason, 101, 207.
Matthews, 132.
Mattounas (Indian), 6, 10.
May, 17.
Mayhugh, 288.
Maynard, 310.
Mavo, 30, 5.
McCuUock, 137, 8, 9.
McDowell, 249.
McGinnis, 284.
McGregor, 284.
McHeough, 287.
Mclntire, 103, 296.
McKenzie, 195.
McMuIIen, 277.
McSwain, 267.
Mellen, 310
Merrick, 34, 40, 2, 7. 82, 135,
73, 80, 1, 4, 9, 210, 11, 26,
49, 67, 8, 71, 2, 7, 89, 96,
310, 14, 15, 17.
Merrill, 236.
Merritt, 218.
Metcalf, 232.
Mhtockaumunt (Indian), 25.
Miles, 291.
Miller, 271.
Millot, 254.
Miner, 310.
Minot, 120, 4, 7, 9, 132, 3,
254.
Mixter, 149, 53, 4, 7, 63, 8,
238, 9, 250, 4, 7, 8, 307, 10,
12-16, 19.

Monroe, 239, 74, 317.
Montague, 149, 228.
Moore, 214, 36.
Morgan, 169.
Morton, 316.
Moulton, 284.
Muldoon, 284, 5.
Muncton, 268.
Munden, 277.
Murphy, 288.
Murray, 138.
Muttaump (Indian), 9, 12.
Nassowanno (Indian), 16-17,
19, 26, 31.
Ned, 271, 2.
Negus, 268.
Nelson, 297.
Newcomb, 255, 6, 318.
Newell, 132.
Newland, 231, 2.
Newton, 56-7, 83, 7, 101, 32,
5, 59, 9J, 228, 53, 8, 68, 71,
3, 4, 6, 8, 87, 96, 7, 315,
16.
Nichols, 36, 265.
Nontatousoo (Indian), 9.
Norcross, 36, 37.
Norton, 211.
Noyes, 234.
Nye, 39, 92, 3, 253, 67-71, 4,
7, 9, 86, 96, 7, 316.
Oakes, 135, 297.
O'Brien, 283.
Oliver, 65, 9, 77, 188, 239,
49, 97, 312, 13.
Orcutt, 242, 310, 13-15, 19.
Osgood, 268.
Otis, 59, 61, 77, 271.
Ott, 267.
Packard, 277.
Paddleford, 83, 8, 92, 239,
41, 96, 313.
Page, 310.
Paige, 16, 18, 20, 9, 34, 5,
40-42, 6, 7, 56, 6, 70, 83, 7,
8, 90, 6, 6, 101, 2, 4, 6, 13-
18, 21, 3, 6, 30, 2, 6, 40,
1, 9, 53, 64, 6, 9, 76-79,
82-89, 91, 9, 201, 6, 7, 19,
32, 3, 9, 46, 49-53, 7, 8,
61-72,4, 6, 8,9,90-3, 6,7,
312-19.
Paine, 138, 52, 277.
Paley, 255.
Park, 254.
Parker, 285.
Parkhurst, 135, 268.
Parks, 287.
Parsons, 138.
Partridge, 59, 61.
Patch, 152.
Patrick, 283.
Pearce, 135.
Pease, 148, 284.
Peck, 285.
Peirce, 141, 9, 249, 53, 312,
16.
Penniman, 241.
Penny, 287.
Pepper, 232.

650

INDEX OF NAMES.

Pepperell, 77.
Percy, 76.
Perkins, 230, 6, 53, 70, 8, 96,
7.
Perry, 38, 176, 93, 233, 86,
91, 314-16, 18.
Petrell, 267.
Philip (Indian), 4, 5, 6, 10,
15.
Philip (slave), 160.
Phillips, 11, 138.
Phillis (slave), 160.
Phinnev, 279, 91.
Phips, 25, 26.
Pickering, 282.
Pichitte, 284.
Pierce, 234, 87.
Pierpont, 22, 4, 6, 8, 30, 4-7.
Pike, 34, 6, 270, 1, 6, 96.
Plant, 271, 6.
Plowman, 311.
Plutarch, 256.
Pope, 207, 12, 235, 9.
Porter, 76.
Powell, 96.
Pratt, 52, 83, 135, 59, 225-8,
30, 66-71, 4, 8, 90, 6, 7,
316.
Prichard, 11, 13.
Proof, 135.
Putnam, 76, 254.
Pynchon, 17.
Quincy, 254.
Rammelsburg, 283.
Ramsa}', 254.
Ramsdell, 35, 287.
Rand, 273, 6, 80.
Rankin, 149.
Ranney, 242.
Rawson, 135, 41, 241, 70, 85,
97.
Ravmond, 141, 231, 67, 69-
72, 4, 7, 90, 1, 7, 312-16,
18.
Read, 32, 3, 143.
Redfield, 287.
Peed, 152, 3, 259.
Rice, 70, 82, 3, 7, 93, 4, 106,
49, 59, 81, 226-9, 39, 40, 9,
53, 7, 8, 63, 4, 8-71, 3, 6,
89, 91, 6, 7, 8, 307, 8, 12,
13, 15, 17.
Rich, 146, 232, 92, 7, 314.
Richardson, 219, 28, 85, 7,
314, 17.
Richmond, 285.
Rider, 231, 2.
Riiiker, 149.
Rion, 92.
Rixford, 270, 6, 97.
Roach, 135.
Roberts, 52, 146, 225, 8, 30,
66, 70, 1, 8, 97.
Robertson, 254.
Robinson, 32, 5, 8, 42-6, 50-
5, 70, 83, 8, 90, 3, 101-5,
8, 16, 35, 58, 70, 3, 6, 8,
80-8, 219, 25, 8, 30, 9, 40,
57, 64-71, 4, 6, 7, 85, 9, 92,
4, 6, 7, 310, 15, 17, 18.

Borers, 18, 135, 94, 5, 230,
85, 96.
Roland, 287.
Kollin, 255.
Rolston, 283.
Rose (slave), 160.
Rowe, 166, 88.
Rowlandson, 12.
Ruggles, 2, 16-22, 5, 9-31,
4-9, 45-50, 58-70, 72-81,
3, 8, 92-5, 8, 104, 32, 6, 41,
4, 6, 58, 9, 66, 9, 74, 6, 9,
80, 8, 91, 233, 5, 9, 42, 9,
60, 3, 6, 7, 63-8, 8, 70, 2,
4, 6, 7, 85, 89-91, 6, 7,
312-19. IW
Ryan, 277.
Sabin, 180.
Safford, 60, 5, 83, 7, 188, 90,
228, 40, 9, 64-7, 71, 96,
317.
Sage, 164.
Sanger, 40, 214, 36, 57, 86.
Sarah (slave), 160.
Sargent, 317, 18.
Sauge, 267, 8.
Sausaman (Indian), 5.
Savage, 147.
Searl, 138.
Sears, 83, 189, 249, 63, 9, 70,
2, 4, 7, 89, 96, 315, 17.
Seaver, 18, 30, 264.
Sellon, 116, 277, 96.
Sewall, 24.
Shannon, 284.
Shattuck, 127.
Shaw, 35, 132, 59, 255, 96.
Shays, 119, 28-33, 36, 41, 65,
263, 9, 76, 6.
Sheehan, 237.
Shepard, 128, 32, 3, 6.
Sherman, 284.
Shirley, 47.
Shumway, 35, 292.
Shurtleff, 135.
Siblev, 135, 230, 74, 86, 96,
316, 18.
Sikes, 193.
Simon (Indian), 16, 17, 26.
Simonds, 231, 67.
Smedley, 11.
Smellie, 254.
Smith, 18, 29, 30, 5-8, 40, 2,
6, 127, 35, 79, 80, 213, 28,
36, 54, 61, 4, 86, 8, 92, 6,
310, 14-18.
Snell, 207.
Snow, 170, 230, 57, 8, 71, 4,
86, 96, 7.
Sogg, 267, 8.
Southgate, 56, 270, 96.
Southwick, 35.
Southworth, 2, 155, 6, 236,
85, 7, 313-16, 17, 18.
Souvaroff, 255.
Spalding, 192, 267.
Sparks, 61.
Spooner, 47, 55, 79, 101, 32,
5, 50, 263, 71-8, 85, 6, 93,
6, 313, 16, 18, 19.
Sprout, 264, 70, 1, 8, 96, 7.

Stacey, 258.
Stafford, 286.
Stanwood, 278, 96.
Stanton, 283.
Stearns, 36, 239, 64, 75.
Stebbins, 138.
Steele, 268.
Stetson, 317, 18.
Stevens, 153, 4, 264, 305.
Stevenson, 132, 216, 35.
Steward, 66, 296.
Stewart, 264, 6.
Stiles, 22.
Stockbridge, 35.
Stockwell, 259.
Stoddard, 25, 7, 8.
Stone, 219, 44, 53, 5, 61, 4,
8, 312,-14, 16, 19.
Story, 56, 228.
Stoughton, 17.
Stowe, 242.
Stowell, 266, 90.
Stratton, 38, 42, 159, 226, 8,
74, 97.
Strong, 138, 282.
Sturtevant, 231, 2, 76, 86, 8,
317.
Sumner, 18, 36, 316.
Swain, 218.
Sweet, 209.
Sweeting, 274.
Swift, 274, 8.
Tack (slave), 160.
Tate, 186.
Taylor, 135, 6, 70, 264, 85,
96.
Terrv, 276, 9.
Thayer, 67, 271, 4-6, 86, 7,
Thomas, 29, 42, 146, 7, 59,
64, 5, 248, 9, 55-7, 68-71,
4, 9, 97, 309, 15-17.
Thompson, 56, 7, 132, 207,
10, 55-7.
Thresher, 284.
Thurston, 169.
Tidd, 132.
Tileston, 209.
Tinney, 288.
Titus, 270, 96.
Tomlinson, 199, 207.
Tower, 276.
Towne, 220, 77.
Townsend, 24.
Train, 267.
Treadwell, 133.
Trow, 146, 58, 9, 253, 79, 88,
92, 313, 18, 19.
Trumbull, 196, 9.
Tucker, 16, 18, 30, 4, 135, 8,
9^^230, 271, 4, 85, 96, 7,
Tudor, 77.
Tupper, 173, 210, 16, 18, 36,
77, 85.
Tuttle, 236.
Tyler, 220.
Uncas (Indian), 86.
Underwood, 267.
Up'chattuok (Indian), 9.

INDEX OF NAMES.

551

Upham, 277.
Voax, 132.
Wade, 288.
Wadsworth, 258.
Wagner, 284.
Wainwright, 24.
Wait, 274, 7, 98.
Waldo, 11.
Walker, 256, 90, 8, 313, 16,
17.
Ward, 207, 66.
Wardwell, 2, 208, 42, 56.
Ware, 211, 64.
Warner, 13, 33, 6, 40, 2, 6,
7, 50, 70, 82-4, 7, 90, 1, 3,
102, 3, 16-19, 21, 4-7, 29-
34, 41, 6, 48-52, 60, 1, 5-7,
76, 81, 4, 91, 3, 206, 7, 20,
50, 3, 7, 63, 8, 9, 72-80, 4,
9, 90, 2, 6-8, 309, 12-19.
Warren, 135, 296.
Washburn, 47, 56, 70, 2, 87,
115, 21, 41, 241, 9, 262, 3,
7, 69, 70, 4, 8, 96, 8, 317,
18.
Washington, 254, 81, 2.
Watson, 136, 255.
Watts, 185, 261, 88.

Webb, 259, 91.
Webster, 254.
Weeks, 267-71, 7, 9, 96-8.
Wellman, 277.
Wells, 35, 6, 8, 42, 176, 9, 80,
1, 93, 236, 315, 17, 19.
Wendell, 47.
Wentworth, 51.
Wesson, 4, 173, 9, 206-9, 253,
60, 92.
West, 40, 149, 255.
Weston, 132, 5, 233.
Wetherbee, 284.
Wetherell, 231.
Wheeler, 4, 6, 9-11, 50, 83,
123, 7, 8, 131-41, 59, 220,
31, 49, 53, 5, 70, 2, 6, 80,
7, 9, 90, 1, 6, 8, 309, 14,
16-18.
Wheelock, 297.
Wheelwright, 310.
Whetherell, 132.
Whipple, 93, 132, 5, 69, 220,
6, 8, 30, 9, 239, 64-8, 72,
4, 7, 90-2, 6, 8, 316, 18.
Whitcomb, 55, 6, 70, 147, 9,
84, 267-9, 74, 98, 309, 15,
17.
White, 22, 4, 35, 56, 9, 139,
49, 52, 60, 6, 71-6, 82-8,

90-4, 9, 202, 2B, 40, 1, 9,
59, 68, 77, 96, 309, 17, 18.
Whitefield, 221, 3.
Whitherly, 132.
Whitney, 1, 183, 92.
Whittemore, 233.
Wicker, 135, 296, 8.
Wickizen, 288.
Wigglesworth, 221, 3.
Wightington, 132.
Wilder, 209, 16, 37, 71, 6.
Willard, 12, 76, 199, 211.
Williams, 35, 131, 76, 263,
314.
Willis, 24, 5, 30, 4, 5, 9, 49,
74, 201, 19, 30-4, 42, 56,
70, 1, 4, 6, 96, 8, 316, 18.
Willson, 175, 210.
Willymachen (Indian), 9.
Winchester, 219, 30, 75, 96.
Wing, 83, 136, 257, 98.
Winn, 284, 6, 7.
Winslow, 121, 35, 60, 71, 257,
65-71, 7, 98.
Witt, 270, 86.
Wood, 264, 5.
Woods, 132, 228, 307, 8.
Wright, 13, 22, 56, 7, 270, 1,
7,98.
Wyman, 284.

INDEX OF FAMILIES.

Abbott, 321.
Aiken, 322.
Alden, 324.
Alexander, 325.
Allen, 325.
Ames, 328.
Amidon, 328.
Amsden, 328.
Anderson, 329.
Andrews, 329.
Arnold, 329.
Atwood, 329.
Ayers, 329.
Babbitt, 330.
Ballou, 330.
Bangs, 330.
Barlow, 331.
Barnard, 331.
Barnes, 331.
Ban-, 333.
Barrett, 333.
Bartholomew, 333.
Bartlett, 334.
Bassett, 334.
Bates, 335.
Baxter, 335.
Beach, 335.
Beals, 335.
Beaman, 335.
Beckwith, 335.
Belding, 335.
Benjamin, 336.
Berry, 336.
Billings, 337.
Blackmer, 339.
Blake, 339.
Bolster, 339.
Bond, 340.
Bonney, 340.
Bowen, 340.
Bradish, 340.
Brady, 341.
Breen, 341.
Brennan, 341.
Bridge, 341.
Bridges, 341.
Brimhall, 341.
Brown, 341.
Browning, 342.
Bruce, 342.
Burgess, 343.
Bursley, 343.
Burt, 343.
Butterfield, 344.

Byam, 344.
Byram, 344.
Campbell, 344.
Cannon, 344.
Carpenter, 344.
Carter, 345.
Chamberlain, 345.
Chandler, 346.
Chaplin, 347.
Chase, 347.
Childs, 347.
Church, 348.
Clapp, 348.
Clark, 348.
Cleveland, 350.
Clifford, 351.
Clinton, 351.
Cobb, 351.
Cobleigh, 353.
Collins, 363.
Conant, 354.
Conkey, 354.
Convers, 354.
Cook, 354.
Cooper, 354.
Covell, 355.
Cox, 355.
Crowell, 355.
Cummings, 356.
Cutler, 357.
Danforth, 358.
Davenport, 359.
Day, 359.
Dilly, 359.
Dean, 360.
Demmon, 361.
Dennis, 361.
Dexter, 362.
Dickinson, 364.
Dinsmore, 364.
Doane, 365.
Doolittle, 365.
Doty, 365.
Dow, 366.
Doyle, 366.
Eager, 366.
Earl, 366.
Eastman, 366.
Eddy, 367.
Edson, 367.
Egery, 367.
Eldredge, 367.

Ellis, 367.
Ellsworth, 368.
Elwell, 368.
Emmons, 369.
Estabrook, 369.
Evans, 369.
Fairbanks, 369.
Farr, 369.
Fassett, 370.
Fay, 370.
Field, 375.
Fish, 375.
Fisk, 376.
Fitzgerald, 376.
Fitzpatrick, 376.
Fletcher, 376.
Forbes, 376.
Forbush, 377.
Foster, 377.
Freeman, 379.
French, 381.
Frink, 381.
Frost, 381.
Frye, 382.
Fuller, 382.
Gale, 382.
Gardner, 382.
Gibben, 382.
Gibbs, 382.
Giffin, 382.
Gilbert, 383.
Gitchell, 383.
Glazier, 383.
Gleason, 384.
Goodale, 384.
Goodenow, 384.
Goodspeed, 384.
Gore, 386.
Gorham, 385.
Gould, 385.
Granger, 385.
Grant, 386.";
Green, 386.
GriflSth, 387.
Hagar, 387.
Hale, 387.
Hall, 387.
Hamilton, 387.
Hammond, 387.
Hanmer, 387.
Harmon, 388.
Harrington, 388.

554

INDEX OF FAMILIES.

Harris, 388.
Harvey, 388.
Harwood, 388.
Haskell, 389.
Haskins, 391.
Hastings, 392.
Hatch, 394.
Hathaway, 394.
Havford, 396.
Hazeltine, 396.
Hedge, 396.
Higgins, 397.
Hildreth, 398.
Hillman, 398.
Hinds, 398.
Hinkley, 398.
Hitchcock, 399.
Hodges, 399.
Holden, 399.
Holmes, 400.
Holt, 400.
Hopkins, 400.
Howard, 400.
Howe, 401.
Hoyt, 401.
Hubbard, 401.
Hudson, 401.
Hunt, 401.
Jackson, 403.
Jamerson, 403.
James, 403.
Jenkins, 403.
Jenks, 403.
Jenney, 403.
Johnson, 404.
Jordan, 406.
Joslin, 407.
Keith, 407.
Kelly, 407.
Kennedy, 407.
Kenney, 407.
Kerley, 407.
Kimball, 407.
King, 407.
Kinsley, 407.
Knapp, 408.
Knight, 408.
Knowles, 408.
Knowlton, 409.
Knox, 410.
Lamb, 410.
Lane, 410.
Lawrence, 410.
Lawton, 411.
Leach, 413.
Legate, 413.
Leonard, 413.
Lincoln, 414.
Locke, 414.
Luce, 416.
Lyscom, 415.
Maccoye, 415.
McEvoy, 415.
McIntyre, 421.
Mahan, 416.
Mandell, 415.
Manly, 417.
Mann, 418.
Marsh, 418

Martin, 420.
Mason, 420.
May, 420.
Maynard, 420.
Mayo, 420.
Mead, 421.
Mellen, 421.
Merrick, 421.
Merritt, 422.
Miles, 422.
Miller, 422.
Mixter, 423, 645.
Monroe, 424.
Moore, 424.
Morgan, 424.
Morse, 424.
Morton, 424.
Moulton, 424.
Munden, 426.
Muzzey, 426.
Myer, 425.
Nazro, 425.
Nelson, 425.
Newcomb, 425.
Newell, 426.
Newland, 426.
Newton, 426.
Neylon, 428.
Nichols, 428.
Norris, 429.
Nurse, 429.
Nye, 429.
Oakes, 431.
Oliver, 431.
Olmstead, 431.
Orcutt, 432.
Osborn, 432.
Packard, 432.
Paddleford, 432.
Paige, 433, 546.
Painheart, 450.
Parker, 460.
Patrill, 450.
Peacock, 450.
Peck, 451.
Peirce, 451.
Penniman, 452.
Pepper, 452.
Perkins, 452.
Perry, 452.
Phelps, 453.
Phinnev, 453.
Pike, 454.
Pope, 454.
Powers, 465.
Pratt, 456.
Presho, 457.
Prouty, 457.
Purington, 467.
Putnam, 457.
Ramsdell, 457.
Rand, 458.
Randall, 458.
Ranney, 458.
Ransom, 458.
Rawson, 458.
Raymond, 459.
Record, 460.
Reed, 460.

Rice, 460.
Rich, 463.
Richards, 463.
Richardson, 464.
Richmond, 466.
Riddle, 466.
Ripley, 466.
Rixforth, 466.
Roach, 466.
Robbins, 466.
Roberts, 466.
Robinson, 466, 546.
Rogers, 477.
Ropes, 478.
Eose, 478.
Ross, 478.
Ruggles, 479.
Sabin, 490.
Safford, 491.
Sampson, 492.
Sanger, 492.
Saunders, 492.
Sears, 492.
Seaver, 493.
Sellon, 493.
Sessions, 494.
Shaw, 494.
Sherman, 494.
Shugrue, 494.
Shumway, 494.
Shurtleff, 494.
Sibley, 495.
Simmons, 495.
Simonds, 496.
Simpson, 496.
Slaney, 495.
Sleeper, 495.
Sloan, 495.
Smith, 496.
Snow, 498.
Southgate, 499.
Southworth, 499.
Spooner, 500.
Sprout, 505.
Squires, 506.
Staples, 506.
Stearns, 506.
Stebbins, 606.
Stedraan, 506.
Steele, 606.
Stephens, 506.
Stetson, 507.
Stewart, 507.
Stockwell, 608.
Stone, 608.
Stowell, 609.
Stratton, 509.
Sturtevant, 509.
Sullivan, 510.
Sumner, 510.
Swasey, 511.
Swift, 611.
Taylor, 511.
Terrv, 512.
Thayer, 512.
Thomas, 513.
Thompson, 615.
Thresher, 615.
Thurston, 615.
Tibbetts, 516.
Tinney, 516.

INDEX OF FAMILIES.

555

Tisdale, 516.
Titus, 516.
Totman, 516.
Towne, 516.
Trask, 516.
Trow, 516.
Truesdale, 517.
Tucker, 617.
Tupper, 518.
Turner, 518.
Tute, 518.
Tyler, 619.
Utley, 519.
Vokes, 519.
Waite, 519.
Walker, 519.
Wallace, 620.
Walton, 520.
Ward, 520.
Wardwell, 521.

Ware, 521.
Warner, 521, 546.
Warren, 627.
Washburn, 527.
Watkins, 628.
Watson, 528.
Weaver, 528.
Webb, 629.
Webster, 629.
Weeks, 529.
Wells, 530.
Wesson, 531.
Weston, 531.
Wetherbee, 531.
Wetherell, 531.
Wheeler, 531.
Wheelock, 534.
Wheet, 534.
Whipple, 534.
Whitaker, 535.
Whitcomb, 535.
White, 537.

Whiting, 538.
Wicker, 538.
Wiley, 539.
Willard, 539.
Willis, 539.
Wilson, 540.
Winchester, 540.
Wing, 540.
Winslow, 541.
Winter, 543.
Winterbottom, 543.
Wiswell, 543.
Wood, 543.
Woodbury, 544.
Woodward, 544.
Worden, 544.
Wright, 544.
Wrin, 644.
Wyatt, 644.
Wyman, 545.
Yarrington, 546.

ERRATA.
Page 40, line 18, for Sanyer read Sanger.
Page 125, note, last line, /or 1787 read 1786.
Page 16 7, line 1, for adjoinging read adjoining.
Page 192, line 19, for forty-eight read forty-seven.
Page 219, line 10 from bottom, for 1816 read 1826.
Page 239, after line 13, read, —
Henry M. Tupper, A. C. 1859.
William A. Warner, H. C. 1815.
Page 246, line 2, for amaze read a maze.
Page 285, line 9, for Aug. 2, 1864 read Aug. 2, 1863.
Page 325, line 21, for 1603 read 1673.
Page 369, line 12, for Williain Y. read William T.
Page 379, line 12, for 1858 read 1855 and 1863.
Page 397, line 21 from bottom, for 7 Ap. 1763 read 17 Ap. 1763.
Page 411, line 30, for John Y. read John T.
Page 523, line 28, for Dudley read Hadley.
Page 535, line 11, for 1778 read 1798.

YALE UNIVERSITY

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